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Knoll Inc

knl · NYSE Consumer Cyclical
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Employees 1001-5000
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FY2017 Annual Report · Knoll Inc
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Knoll is a  
constellation  
of design-driven 
brands and  
people, working 
together with  
our clients to  
create inspired 
modern interiors. 

2017 Annual Report

Dear Fellow Stockholders:

2017 was an important year for Knoll as we made fundamental 
investments across our commercial and residential businesses. 
We responded to rapidly changing market conditions with 
adjustments to our go-to-market strategy and product portfolio, 
including the acquisition of Copenhagen-based Muuto, giving 
us what we believe is one of the deepest and consistently 
branded ancillary offerings on the market today. 

Net sales for 2017 were $1,132.9 million, a decrease of 2.7% from 
2016. Operating profit for the year decreased 35.5% to $88.0 
million, compared to operating profit of $136.3 million for the year 
ended December 31, 2016. While sales were down in the first 
half of the year, we were pleased with the return to growth that 
we delivered in the fourth quarter, reflecting the traction we are 
gaining in our core markets. In addition, we have taken steps to 
address gross margin headwinds.

As you have heard, resimercial design trends have been 
profoundly impacting the office landscape and the way clients 
use and fit out their workplaces, balancing space allocation 
away from the individual, toward the group. This trend has 
accelerated in recent years as the newest generation of tech-
savvy millennials coming into the workplace has a different set 
of practical and cultural expectations, and the competition to 
create environments that attract and retain talent has become 
more intense. Simultaneously, individual space is being 
upgraded with more ergonomic performance, while reducing 
the real estate footprint. 

We expect newer immersive, experiential workplace models 
to contribute to growth. New hospitality-based products like 
Rockwell Unscripted accelerated their ramp-up in the fourth 
quarter and our expanded range of adjustable tables and 
workstation benches continued their climb. These combined 
platforms on an incoming orders basis exceeded those of 
our legacy workstation and storage products for the quarter. 
For the full year, growth in new platforms more than offset 
legacy product declines. In addition, we leveraged the custom 
capabilities of DatesWeiser with our wood offerings, enhanced 
with the introduction of new wood finishing technology at our 
Toronto manufacturing facility, an important part of our holistic 
workplace capability.

Our business in Europe had another record year of sales 
and profits. The Knoll Europe team continued to elevate the 
KnollStudio brand with deeper presence in key dealers as 
well as new products and revitalized Knoll classics. While our 
European business represents many lines, there is surprisingly 
little overlap with Muuto, which will expand its reach to new 
consumers.

Going forward, we expect that our growing and increasingly 
global mix of business with our unique constellation of global 
high design brands, combined with improved Office segment 
operating margins, should result in an entity valued like the 
quality of our people, products and brands. 

As we celebrate 80 years of Knoll, the vision of our founders 
Hans and Florence Knoll — to bring the beauty and benefits of 
modern design to the way we live and work— is as inspiring and 
vital a mission to our people and clients as ever. Our growing 
constellation of brands — from more residentially-focused 
brands like HOLLY HUNT and Edelman Leather to crossover 
brands like KnollStudio, Muuto and KnollTextiles to workplace-
focused brands like Knoll Office, Spinneybeck FilzFelt, 
KnollExtra and DatesWeiser — gives us the singular ability to 
solve our clients’ commercial and residential requirements like 
no one else. And, as the fastest growing opportunity set is at 
the “resimercial” intersection of living and working, we couldn’t 
be better positioned, with our depth of products and range of 
price-points—from Muuto’s millennial appeal at the “affordable 
luxury” entry point to HOLLY HUNT’S timeless appeal at the 
premium luxury level. 

This broad capability is core to the strategic initiatives that drive 
us forward. These include:

+  Targeting under penetrated and emerging ancillary categories 

and markets for growth.  

+  Expanding our reach into residential and decorator channels 

around the world.  

+  Improving the profitability of our Office segment.  

+  Leveraging technology to expand our market visibility and 

improve our efficiency.  

Again, none of this comes together without the dedication of 
approximately 3,500 people worldwide across our company. 
They are passionate about our clients and their workplaces and 
live by our credo of being modern because “modern always 
works.” I thank all of them and our dealer partners for their 
dedication. 

Andrew Cogan 
President and CEO 
Knoll, Inc.

This annual report contains forward-looking statements that are based on numerous assumptions about future events and conditions which may prove to 
be inaccurate. See “Forward-Looking Statements” beginning on page 26 of this annual report. 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K        

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017
OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                to              

Commission File No. 001-12907
KNOLL, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

13-3873847
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)

1235 Water Street
East Greenville, PA 18041
(215) 679-7991
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number including area code of principal executive offices)

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:

Title of each class
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

Name of exchange on which registered
New York Stock Exchange

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT: NONE
Indicate by check mark if the issuer is a well-known seasoned issuer (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.) 
    No 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange 

Yes 

Act. Yes 

    No 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the 

Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file 
such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes 

    No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every 
Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during 
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes 

    No 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and 

will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in 
Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a 

smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in 
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer 

Accelerated filer 

Non-accelerated filer 
 (Do not check if a
smaller reporting 
company)

Smaller reporting company 

Yes 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.) 
    No 
As of June 30, 2017, the aggregate market value of the registrant's common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was 

approximately $1,149,428,068 based on the closing sale price as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.

As of February 23, 2018, there were 49,500,661 shares (including 904,614 shares of non-voting restricted shares) of the 

Registrant's common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for its 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by 

reference into Part III of this report on Form 10-K to the extent stated therein.

 
 
 
 
 
 
Item

  Page

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Business

1. 
1A. Risk Factors

1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

2.
3.
4.

Properties
Legal Proceedings
Mine Safety Disclosures

PART I

PART II

Market For Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Selected Financial Data
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

5.
6.
7.
7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
8.
9.
9A. Controls and Procedures
9B. Other Information

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures

PART III

10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
11.
12.
13.

Executive Compensation
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

14.

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

15.

16.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Form 10-K Summary

Signatures

PART IV

2

3
12

20
20
20
21

22
24
26
38
39
75
75
77

77
77
77
77

77

78
81

82

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1. BUSINESS 

General 

PART I

Knoll, Inc. (“Knoll,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our”) is a leading manufacturer of commercial and residential furniture, 
accessories and coverings. We are a constellation of design-driven brands and people working with clients to create inspired 
modern interiors. Simply stated, we provide the furnishings and materials to help people enjoy their workplaces and homes. Our 
businesses share a reputation for high-quality and sophistication forming a diversified portfolio that sustain throughout evolving 
trends and perform throughout business cycles. To the architects and designers we work with, to our clients in the commercial, 
education, healthcare and government sectors, and to the many consumers we reach, Knoll represents a commitment to innovative 
solutions and an unmatched heritage of modern design. 

How people live and work is constantly being reshaped by changing technology and lifestyle trends. Our founders, Hans 
and Florence Knoll, believed in the power of design to enhance people’s lives. Since our founding 80 years ago, Knoll has won 
a place in iconic settings and in museums worldwide, earning numerous design honors and awards. Today, we have an unsurpassed 
collection of classic products to introduce, and reintroduce, as well as groundbreaking new designs. We enjoy strong relationships 
with many of today’s celebrated furniture and industrial designers, and a reputation that attracts talented new designers. Together, 
we work with customers to create inspired settings for work, education, hospitality and living.

We focus on two distinct “to-the-trade” specifier markets, commercial and residential. Commercial, the largest portion 
of  our  business,  is  where  we  see  strategic  opportunities  through  the  expansion  of  underpenetrated  categories  and  ancillary 
markets. At the same time, in the residential market, we are expanding further into consumer and decorator channels worldwide. 
We reach customers primarily through a broad network of independent dealers and distribution partners, our direct sales force, 
our showrooms, and our online presence.

We manage our business through our reporting segments: Office, Studio, and Coverings. All unallocated expenses are 
included within Corporate. When we refer to our “Specialty” products or businesses, we are referring collectively to our Studio 
and Coverings segments.

The Office segment includes a complete range of workplace products that address diverse workplace planning paradigms. 
These products include systems furniture, seating, storage, tables, desks and KnollExtra® accessories, as well as the 
international sales of our North American Office products. 

The Studio segment includes: 

KnollStudio® products, including iconic seating, lounge furniture, side, cafe and dining chairs as well as
conference, training, dining and occasional tables.

DatesWeiser, known for its sophisticated meeting and conference tables and credenzas, setting a standard for
design, quality and technology integration.

HOLLY HUNT®, known for high-quality residential furniture, lighting, rugs, textiles and leathers. HOLLY HUNT® 
includes Vladimir Kagan Design Group (“Vladimir Kagan”), a renowned collection of modern luxury furnishings.

Knoll Europe, which distributes both KnollStudio and Knoll Office products.

The Coverings segment includes KnollTextiles®, Spinneybeck® (including Filzfelt®), and Edelman® Leather. These 
businesses provide a wide range of customers with high-quality fabrics, felt, leather and related architectural products. 

The Corporate function represents the accumulation of unallocated costs relating to shared services and general corporate 
activities  including,  but  not  limited  to,  legal  expenses,  acquisition  expenses,  certain  finance,  human  resources, 
administrative  and  executive  expenses  and  other  expenses  that  are  not  directly  attributable  to  an  operating  segment. 
Dedicated, direct selling, general and administrative expenses of the segments continue to be included within segment 
operating profit. As we continue to grow both organically and through acquisitions, the central support of the Corporate 
function will evolve and grow as well.

For  further  information  regarding  our  segments  see  the  section  below,  and  Note  20  in  the  accompanying  financial 

statements.

3

Strategy

We draw on our constellation of businesses to provide products and designs that meet the needs of our customers. Our 
offerings range from our classic signature pieces to our ancillary products which include the Rockwell Unscripted collection by 
The Rockwell Group and in 2018, will include the product portfolio of our most recent acquisition of Muuto; from dramatic 
fabrics, to Filzfelt architectural products for acoustical control. We solve a variety of needs for each customer, and our goal for 
each engagement is to maximize the opportunity from the start. To that end, we have undertaken strategic programs to better 
synchronize our teams and resources to deliver a single compelling customer experience. We also are investing in systems and 
tools for our dealer partners to make it easier to do business with Knoll. 

Our growth strategy also focuses on specific international markets where we can significantly build our share, such as 
Canada, Mexico, Europe, the Middle East, and selected underpenetrated areas across the globe where there is a concentration 
of discerning clients.

Office Segment

Maximizing the sales growth and profitability of Office, our largest segment, has been a continuing priority. With respect 
to growth in our Office segment, a variety of initiatives will contribute to making this growth possible: broadening our workplace 
products portfolio; enhancing strategic sales coverage, including a focus on global accounts; and strengthening our Knoll dealer 
distribution network. At the same time, we aim to increase profitability through operational improvements and investments in 
our infrastructure. Our lean manufacturing initiative, combined with continued modernization of our facilities, is allowing us 
to progressively deliver on this goal.

The commercial market has shifted dramatically in the last decade. As clients are readdressing the relationship between 
individual and collaborative workspaces, they are reducing the footprint of individual workstations and investing in more ancillary 
furniture. Knoll is committed to maintaining our leadership in open-plan workspaces and private offices, while inventing and 
innovating new ways for people to work. Our constellation of businesses positions us well to deliver in the evolving work 
environment, where people choose how and where they work throughout the day, as the traditional boundaries between residential 
and commercial products blur, and the importance of a total environment outshines any one particular element. 

We are looking beyond traditional office product categories - systems, task seating and storage - to furniture for activity 
spaces and the in-between spaces where people meet. We believe that our success in our traditional office products gives us an 
advantage throughout the workplace. As we design new products suited to flexible spaces, we are also responding to demands 
at different price points with different materials and finishes. Our new Rockwell Unscripted collection, received enthusiastically 
at the 2016 NeoCon® national industry tradeshow, addresses the idea of a hospitality work experience. Rockwell Unscripted 
brings a sense of theater and play to the workplace, putting people at the center of the work life experience and creating a warm 
and welcoming place where people want to be. The collection encompasses six product categories ranging from seating and 
lounge to architectural walls and storage. It addresses those needs holistically for organizations that seek alternatives to the 
traditional workspace.

With the evolution from individual workstations to collaborative spaces and ancillary products, Knoll is not only expanding 
the breadth of our offerings through our constellation of brands but also strengthening our presence in the marketplace. We are 
continuing to partner with our dealers to ensure our customers understand that Knoll provides not just systems or workstations 
and work chairs but rather a complete family of complementary ancillary products. Together, we are meeting the demands of 
our customers while capturing more of their total spend and elevating the profitability of our engagements. 

This approach has served as a catalyst for dealers to invest in their spaces. Their showrooms are becoming extensions of 
our own, offering not just product showcases but places to find new integrated solutions from all of Knoll, such as Filzfelt 
architectural solutions and coverings. Dealers help people to understand workplace needs and planning capabilities, and Knoll 
is providing more of the training and education that helps them add value and increase their profits when they sell Knoll.

Our principal Knoll Office product lines, described below, include systems furniture, seating, storage, tables, desks and 
KnollExtra® ergonomic accessories. The Office segment comprised approximately 60.3% of our sales in 2017, 62.8% of our 
sales in 2016, and 62.2% of our sales in 2015.

4

Systems Furniture 

Our office systems furniture encompasses a range of architect and designer-oriented products at different price levels, 
with a variety of planning models and product features. Systems furniture comprises integrated panels or table desks, work 
surfaces and storage units, power and data systems, and lighting. These components can be moved, re-configured and re-used 
to create flexible, space-efficient work environments, tailored to each organization's personality with wide range of laminates, 
paints, veneers and textiles. Knoll systems can adapt to virtually any office environment, from team spaces to private executive 
offices. Through product line enhancements for clients to add to their installations, and through integration with other Knoll 
lines, we maximize the long-term value of their investment in Knoll. 

Knoll systems furniture product lines include these panel, technology wall and desk-based planning models: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Antenna® Workspaces 

AutoStrada® 

Currents® 

Dividends Horizon® 

Morrison ™

Reff® Profiles 

Seating 

We  constantly  research  and  assess  the  general  office  seating  market,  and  develop  work  chairs  that  enhance  Knoll’s 
reputation for ergonomics, aesthetics, comfort and value. The result is an increasingly innovative, versatile seating collection 
consistent with the Knoll brand. 

Clients evaluate work chairs based on ergonomics, aesthetics, comfort, quality and affordability-all Knoll strengths. We 

offer market leading, high quality office chairs at a range of price points, performance levels and materials.

Our principal seating product lines include: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Chadwick ™

LIFE® 

Generation by Knoll® 

MultiGeneration by Knoll®

ReGeneration by Knoll®

Remix™

Files and Storage 

Our files and storage products, featuring the Template®, Calibre® and Series 2TM product lines, are designed with unique 
features to maximize storage capabilities throughout the workplace. Our core files and storage products consist of lateral files, 
mobile pedestals and other storage units, bookcases and overhead cabinets. Knoll launched AnchorTM in 2013, a streamlined 
collection of user-friendly storage that addresses users’ organizational needs in the changing workplace. 

The range of files and storage augments our product offering, allowing clients to address all of their office furniture needs 
with us, especially in competitive bid situations where Knoll systems, seating, tables and desks have been specified. The breadth 
of the product line also enables our dealers to offer stand-alone products to businesses that have smaller storage requirements. 
Files  and  storage  are  available  in  a  wide  range  of  sizes,  configurations  and  colors,  which  can  be  integrated  with  other 
manufacturers' stand-alone furniture. In addition, some elements of the product line can be configured as freestanding furniture 
in private offices or open-plan environments. 

Our principal storage product lines include: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Anchor™ 

Calibre® 

Series 2™ 

Template® 

Desks and Tables 

We offer collections of adjustable tables as well as meeting, conference, training, dining, stand-alone and table desks.

5

Our Tone™, Upstart® and Antenna® Simple Tables product lines include adjustable, work, meeting, conference and 
training tables. In 2014, we introduced Tone™, a comprehensive collection of height-adjustable tables compatible with the 
Dividends Horizon, Antenna Workspaces, and Reff Profiles systems. Tone™ features a wide range of support and adjustment 
options that integrate seamlessly with Knoll open plan, private office and activity spaces furniture, or are used independently 
to create flexible work areas. We also expanded the Reff Profiles product line with a series of meeting tables. Our k. stand height 
-adjustable tables which are easy to specify, assemble and use offer an expanded price point option for today's office needs.

KnollExtra® 

KnollExtra offers accessories that complement Knoll office furniture products, including technology support accessories, 
desktop organizational tools, lighting and storage. KnollExtra integrates technology comfortably into the workplace, with flat 
panel  monitor  supports  and  central  processing  unit  holders  that  deliver  adjustability  and  save  space.  Sapper  Monitor Arm 
Collection, designed by renowned industrial designer Richard Sapper, offers a clean, modern solution to technology challenges 
in the modern workplace; the collection is now in the permanent collection of New York's Museum of Modern Art. KnollExtra 
also includes marker boards, free-standing and mounted LED lighting and other technology support for the changing workplace. 

Studio Segment

Our Studio segment is comprised of KnollStudio, HOLLY HUNT®, KnollEurope and DatesWeiser. The Studio portfolio 
includes lounge seating; side, cafe and dining chairs; barstools; and training, conference, dining and occasional tables. KnollStudio 
includes many of our best-known furnishings, making Knoll a renowned source of classic modern and contemporary design. 
HOLLY HUNT® designs, produces and showcases high quality products such as residential furniture, lighting, rugs, textiles 
and leathers. Our Knoll Europe business offers products designed specifically for the European market, in addition to many of 
our popular KnollStudio and Office products. DatesWeiser, designs and produces sophisticated meeting and conference area 
tables known for high quality and technological integration.

KnollStudio

KnollStudio has a long history of working with celebrated architects and designers from around the world, including 
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Marcel Breuer, Harry Bertoia, Eero Saarinen, Isamu Noguchi, Warren Platner, Frank Gehry, Maya 
Lin, Jens Risom, Richard Schultz, and Kazuhide Takahama. In addition, KnollStudio manufactures a collection of original 
furniture designs by Florence Knoll. Their iconic designs often draw designers and customers into the larger Knoll constellation 
of brands.

The KnollStudio strategy is to both maintain and mine revered masterpieces-reintroducing those that were discontinued 
and are now mid-century classics, and keeping others refreshed and relevant for contemporary audiences. We enrich this heritage 
by collaborating with such leading contemporary designers as Mark Krusin, Marc Newson and David Adjaye, to create future 
classics for residential and commercial markets. 

Our principal KnollStudio product lines include seating, lounge furniture, side, café and dining chairs as well as conference, 
training and occasional tables. While KnollStudio designs represent different viewpoints and eras, they all embrace a modernist 
aesthetic. As a result, designers can integrate our ensemble of products into harmonious and inspiring settings furnished entirely 
with  Knoll. With  the  trend  towards  residentially-inspired  workplaces,  KnollStudio  products  have  gained  cross-over  appeal 
between  residential  and  commercial  settings.  KnollStudio  offers  unparalleled  quality  for  workplaces,  homes,  hotels  and 
restaurants, as well as government and educational institutions.

To expand our audiences, our flagship Knoll Showroom in New York City and our knoll.com website reach retail consumers 
and designers alike. Our Knoll Space retail sales program brings consumers the best of Knoll furnishings for their home and 
home office, through more than 50 specialty retailers and e-tailers, with collectively more than 90 locations in the United States 
and Canada.

PixelTM  is  one  our  most  recent  KnollStudio  offerings.  Introduced  in  2015  as  part  of  the  KnollStudio  line,  Pixel  is  a 
comprehensive collection of flexible, architecturally-inspired meeting tables. Its intuitive Pixel Connect system and a patent-
pending flip mechanism make it simple to attach, separate and nest tables for various meeting and training applications. Pixel 
received the 2015 Best of Neocon Gold award in its category. 

Pixel allows access to power wherever needed, offering a range of electrical options and the innovative Pixel Link Power 

System which makes it easy to connect multiple power centers. 

6

HOLLY HUNT®

As both a premier provider and distributor of furnishings, lighting, textiles and leathers, HOLLY HUNT® significantly 
expands our reach into the high-end, to-the-trade residential marketplace. Our strategy has been to extend the brand into a broader 
set of primary markets, opening new showrooms in Dallas, Houston, London and Los Angeles and expanding our product 
offerings. In 2016, HOLLY HUNT® acquired Vladimir Kagan Design Group, ensuring the legacy of the renowned designer’s 
iconic products for high profile interiors.

KnollEurope

Our Studio segment includes our KnollEurope business, consisting primarily of KnollStudio products, but drawing on 
the Knoll portfolio to give our customers a complete office environment. We also offer products designed specifically for the 
European market, such as the WaTM desk and storage system. Our presence in the European market positions us not only with 
local clients, but also with international clients who want to maintain their Knoll facility standard across offices worldwide.

DatesWeiser 

Our Studio segment includes DatesWeiser which designs, produces, and showcases high-end contemporary conference 
room and client-facing furniture. DatesWeiser's customers tend to be within the high design luxury markets. DatesWeiser's 
product offerings are similar in nature to Studio NA, Europe and Holly Hunt and specializes in high-end, quality furniture to 
fill the luxury market need.

Studio accounted for approximately 30.1% of our sales in 2017, 27.8% of our sales in 2016, and 27.5% of our sales in 

2015.

Coverings Segment

Our Coverings segment consists of KnollTextiles, Spinneybeck | FilzFelt, and Edelman Leather. 

KnollTextiles continues to extend its distribution to reach new customers, notably through a KnollTextiles showroom in 
New York City's D&D building and through the knolltextiles.com website. Our KT Collection of upholstery marries classic 
modern design for everyday use, in a range of high performance patterns and textures at an affordable price. The company 
continues to win awards for its design excellence including Best of NeoCon® awards for eleven years running.

Spinneybeck | FilzFelt is expanding from being just a supplier of raw material to being a provider of finished products. 
The same trends that have been transforming KnollOffice workspaces have created new opportunities for architectural products 
that offer flexible space divider panels and acoustic control. Spinneybeck has evolved from being an upholstery leather company 
to being a natural materials company that provides architects and interior designers with architectural and acoustic solutions. 
Filzfelt 100% wool felt, offered in 63 colors, meets the demand for new and renewable materials, and offers unique properties 
as an architectural and sound absorbing product. Now we provide not only felt panels, but also the track systems to hang them 
on, and are exploring innovative new uses of easy-to-install cork tiles for walls or ceilings. Finished architectural products such 
as these offer the opportunity for more large-scale orders than does upholstery alone. 

Edelman Leather offers beautiful, natural leathers by leveraging its US and London showrooms. Edelman successfully 
expanded  beyond  leather  coverings  in  its  Edelman  showrooms  by  offering  rug  furnishings  through  its  distribution  partner 
Ruckstuhl, and in 2016 added Kyle Bunting, a unique Texas manufacturer of handcrafted, one-of-a-kind rugs. We are also 
developing new leather coverings for the hospitality business, offering quality within the financial constraints of today’s hotels 
and restaurants. 

The Coverings segment accounted for approximately 9.6% of our sales in 2017, 9.4% of our sales in 2016, and 10.3% 

of our sales in 2015. 

Product Design and Development 

Our design philosophy and modern perspective reflects a historical commitment to partnering with preeminent industrial 
designers and architects to commercialize products that meet evolving workplace and residential needs. By combining designers' 
creative vision with our commitment to innovative materials and technologically advanced processes, we continue to cultivate 
brand loyalty among target clients. Our enviable history of nurturing the design process fosters strong, lasting relationships that 
attract the world's leading designers. In addition, these collaborations are consistent with our commitment to a lean organization 
and incentive-based compensation, by utilizing a variable royalty-based fee as opposed to the fixed costs typically associated 
with a larger in-house design staff. 

7

Our broad range of research, which explores the connection between workspace design and human behavior; health and 
performance; and the quality of the user experience, informs our product development initiatives. Our most recent research 
identified a new way to think about space, referred to as Immersive Planning, and contributed to the development of our most 
recent product launch - Rockwell Unscripted.

In addition, our Office and Studio segments product development relies upon a New Product Commercialization Process 
to ensure quality and consistency of our methodology, reducing product development cycle time without sacrificing quality 
objectives. We use Pro/ENGINEER® solids modeling tools and rapid prototyping technology to compress development cycles 
and to improve responsiveness to special requests for customized solutions. Working closely with the designers during the early 
phases  of  development  provides  critical  focus  to  yield  the  most  viable  products,  balancing  innovative  modern  design  with 
practical function. Cross-functional teams are employed for all major development efforts with dedicated leaders who facilitate 
a  seamless  flow  into  manufacturing  while  aggressively  managing  cost  and  schedule  opportunities.  Increasingly,  total 
environmental impact is factored into product material and manufacturing process decisions. 

Research and development expenses, were $19.2 million for 2017, $21.7 million for 2016, and $20.7 million for 2015.

Sales and Distribution 

We generate sales with our direct sales force and a network of independent dealers, primarily in the Office segment, who 
jointly market and sell our products. We generally rely on these independent dealers to also provide a variety of important 
specification, installation and after-market services to our clients. Our dealers generally operate under short-term (one to three 
year), non-exclusive agreements. Our Studio and Coverings segments market and sell products with their own internal sales 
force that often work closely with our Office sales force. We also sell our KnollStudio products through a network of independent 
retailers. HOLLY HUNT and Edelman both operate a network of showrooms to market and sell their products.

Our clients are typically Fortune 1000 companies, governmental agencies and other medium-to-large sized organizations 
in a variety of industries including financial, legal, accounting, education, healthcare and hospitality. Our Coverings segment 
also markets and sells products to private aviation, marine and luxury coach industries. Our direct sales force and independent 
dealers in North America work in close partnership with clients and design professionals to specify distinctive work environments. 
Our  direct  sales  representatives,  in  conjunction  with  the  independent  dealers,  sell  to  and  call  directly  on  key  clients.  Our 
independent dealers also call on many other medium and small sized clients to provide seamless sales support and client service. 
We have an over $11.5 billion installed base of office systems, which provides a strong platform for recurring and add-on sales. 
“Installed base” refers to the amount of office systems product we have sold in North America during the previous fifteen years. 

Our  products  and  knowledgeable  sales  force  have  generated  strong  brand  recognition  and  loyalty  among  architects, 
designers and corporate facility managers, all of whom are key decision-makers in the furniture purchasing process. Our strong 
relationships with architects and design professionals help us stay abreast of key workplace trends and position us to better meet 
the changing needs of clients. For example, we have invested in training all of our architect and designer specialists as Leadership 
in Energy and Environmental Design (“LEED®”) accredited professionals to help clients better address environmental issues 
that arise in the design of the workplace. 

We have aligned our sales force to target strategic areas of opportunity to include global accounts, health care, higher 
education and others. We have also placed sales representatives and technical specialists into certain dealerships to support 
programs such as Knoll Essentials, which is described below. We expanded our sales force by investing in a 15% increase to 
cover a more dispersed market which has shifted to include increased small to mid-size projects and fewer large projects.

In addition to coordinating sales efforts with the sales representatives, our dealers generally handle project management, 
installation and maintenance for client accounts after the initial product selection and sale. Although many of these dealerships 
also carry products of other manufacturers, they have agreed not to act as dealers for our principal direct competitors. We have 
not experienced significant dealer turnover. Our dealers' substantial commitment to understanding our product lines, and their 
strong relationships with us, serve to discourage dealers from changing vendor affiliations. We are not significantly dependent 
on any one dealer, the largest of which accounted for approximately 4.6%, 3.5%, and 4.3%, of our North American sales in 
2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively. 

As part of our commitment to building relationships with our dealers, we maintain the Knoll Essentials program. Knoll 
Essentials is a catalog program developed in response to dealer requests for a consolidated, user-friendly selling tool for day-
to-day systems, seating, storage, and accessory products. The Knoll Essentials program includes dealer incentives to sell our 
products. We also employ a dedicated team of dealer sales representatives to work with our dealerships. 

Sales  to  U.S.  and  state  and  local  government  agencies,  respectively,  aggregated  approximately  4.1%  and  6.0%, 
respectively, of our consolidated sales in 2017. The U.S. government typically can terminate or modify any of its contracts with 
us either for its convenience or if we default by failing to perform under the terms of the applicable contract. 

8

Manufacturing and Operations 

Our global supply chain manufactures and assembles products to specific customer orders and operates all facilities under 
a philosophy of continuous improvement and lean manufacturing. Our Office Segment is supported by sites in Canada, Michigan 
and  Pennsylvania. The  Studio  Segment  is  supported  by  sites  in  Illinois,  Italy,  New York,  Pennsylvania  and Texas.  Sites  in 
Connecticut, New York and Pennsylvania support our Coverings Segment. In addition, we utilize many third parties to produce 
a variety of our Office and Studio designs.

We continue to look for ways to ensure that our manufacturing capabilities match our supply chain strategy providing 
the most value for Knoll. The root of our continuous improvement efforts lies in the philosophy of lean manufacturing that drives 
operations. As part of this philosophy, we partner with suppliers who can facilitate efficient and often just-in-time deliveries, 
allowing us to manage our raw materials inventory. We also utilize “Kaizen” work groups in the plants to develop best practices 
to minimize scrap, time and material waste at all stages of the manufacturing process. The involvement of employees at all levels 
ensures  an  organizational  commitment  to  lean  and  efficient  manufacturing  operations. These  projects  improved  customer 
responsiveness, quality and significantly improve productivity.

Raw Materials and Suppliers 

In addition to the continued focus on enhancing the efficiency of the manufacturing operations, we also seek to reduce 
costs through our global sourcing effort. We have capitalized on raw material and component cost savings available through 
lower cost global suppliers. This broader view of potential sources of supply has enhanced our leverage with domestic supply 
sources, and we have been able to reduce cycle times by extracting improvements from all levels throughout the supply chain. 

The  purchasing  function  in  North America  is  centralized  at  the  East  Greenville  facility  for  Office,  KnollStudio,  and 
Textiles. This centralization, and the close relationships with our primary suppliers, has enhanced our ability to realize purchasing 
economies  of  scale  and  implement  “just-in-time”  inventory  practices.  Steel,  lumber,  paper,  paint,  plastics,  laminates, 
particleboard, veneers, glass, fabrics, leathers, upholstery filling material, aluminum extrusions and castings are used in our 
manufacturing process. Both domestic and overseas suppliers of these materials are selected based upon a variety of factors, 
with the price and quality of the materials and the supplier's ability to meet delivery requirements being primary factors in such 
selection. We do not generally enter into long-term supply contracts and, as a result, we can be vulnerable to fluctuations in the 
prices for these materials. No supplier is the only available source for a particular component or raw material. However, because 
of the specialization involved with some of our components, it can take a significant amount of time, money and effort to move 
to an alternate source. 

Competition 

The markets in which we compete are highly competitive. We compete on the basis of (i) product design, including 
performance, ergonomic and aesthetic features; (ii) product quality and durability; (iii) relationships with clients, architects and 
designers; (iv) strength of dealer and distributor network; (v) on-time delivery and service performance; (vi) commitment to 
environmental standards by offering products that help clients achieve LEED® certified facilities and minimize environmental 
impact; and (vii) price. We estimate our share of the North American office furniture market in 2017 and 2016 was 7.4% and 
7.0%, respectively. 

Some of our competitors, especially those in North America, are larger and have significantly greater financial, marketing, 
manufacturing and technical resources than us. Our most significant competitors in primary markets are Herman Miller, Inc., 
Steelcase, Inc., Haworth, Inc. and, to a lesser extent, Allsteel, Inc., an operating unit of HNI Corporation, and Teknion Corporation. 
These competitors have a substantial volume of furniture installed at businesses throughout North America, providing a continual 
source of demand for further products and enhancements. Moreover, the products of these competitors have strong acceptance 
in the marketplace. Despite our competitors strength in the marketplace, we believe that we have been able to compete successfully 
in the markets to date.

Competition in the Studio and Coverings segments are much more fragmented than in the Office segment. Our Studio 
and Coverings businesses serve the mid-to high-end of the market, but compete against many companies, none of which has a 
dominant market share.

9

Patents and Trademarks 

We consider securing and protecting our intellectual property rights to be important to the business. We own approximately 
49 active U.S. utility patents on various components used in our products and systems and approximately 101 active U.S. design 
patents. We also own approximately 371 patents in various foreign countries. The scope and duration of our patent protection 
varies throughout the world by jurisdiction and by individual product. In particular, patents for individual products extend for 
varying periods of time according to the date a patent application is filed, the date a patent is granted and the term of patent 
protection available in the jurisdiction granting the patent (generally 20 years from the date of filing in the U.S., for example). 
We believe that the duration of the applicable patents we are granted is adequate relative to the expected lives of our products. 
We own approximately 78 trademark registrations in the U.S., including registrations to the following trademarks, as well as 
related stylized depictions of the Knoll word mark: Knoll®, KnollExtra®, Knoll Luxe®, KnollStudio®, KnollTextiles®, Good 
Design  Is  Good  Business®, Antenna®, Autostrada®,  Calibre®,  Currents®,  Dividends®,  Edelman®  Leather,  Modern Always®, 
Propeller®,  Reff®,  Sapper  XYZ®,  Spinneybeck®  Leather,  Toboggan®,  Generation  by  Knoll®,  Regeneration  by  Knoll®, 
MultiGeneration  by  Knoll®,  Remix®,  HOLLY  HUNT®,  GREAT  OUTDOORS  A  HOLLY  HUNT  COLLECTION®  and 
VLADIMIR KAGAN®. 

We also own approximately 296 trademarks registered in foreign countries. The scope and duration of our trademark 
protection varies throughout the world, with some countries protecting trademarks only as long as the mark is used, and others 
requiring registration of the mark and the payment of registration (generally ten years from the date of filing in the U.S., for 
example). In order to protect the indefinite duration, we make filings to continue registration of our trademarks. 

In October 2004, we received registered trademark protection in the United States for five iconic furniture designs by 
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe-the Barcelona Chair, the Barcelona Stool, the Barcelona Couch, the Barcelona Table and the Flat 
Bar Brno Chair. This protection recognizes the renown of these designs and reflects our commitment to ensuring that when 
architects, furniture retailers, businesses and individuals purchase a Ludwig Mies van der Rohe design, they are acquiring the 
authentic product, manufactured in accordance with the designer's historic specifications. Barcelona® is a registered trademark 
in the U.S., Canada and European Community owned by Knoll, Inc.

Foreign and Domestic Operations 

Our principal manufacturing operations and markets are in North America, and we also have manufacturing operations 
and markets in Europe. Our sales to clients and net property, plant and equipment are summarized by geographic areas below. 
Sales are attributed to the geographic areas based on the origin of sale. 

2017

Sales

Property, plant, and equipment, net
2016

Sales

Property, plant, and equipment, net
2015

United
States

Canada

Europe

Mexico

Consolidated

$

977,669

$

52,894

$

100,233

$

2,096

$

1,132,892

157,805

29,307

13,518

—

200,630

$ 1,031,920

$

36,813

$

93,420

$

2,139

$

1,164,292

157,856

26,452

12,776

—

197,084

Sales

$

979,221

$

36,163

$

89,058

$

— $

1,104,442

Property, plant, and equipment, net

137,863

20,919

13,360

—

172,142

10

Environmental Matters 

We believe that we are substantially in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations for the protection of the 
environment and the health and safety of our employees based upon existing facts presently known to us. Compliance with 
federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations relating to the discharge of substances into the environment, 
the disposal of hazardous wastes and other related activities has had and will continue to have an impact on our operations, but 
has, since 1990, been accomplished without having a material adverse effect on our operations. There can be no assurance that 
such laws and regulations will not change in the future or that we will not incur significant costs as a result of such laws and 
regulations. We have trained staff responsible for monitoring compliance with environmental, health and safety requirements. 
Our goal is to reduce and, wherever possible, eliminate the creation of hazardous waste in our manufacturing processes. While 
it is difficult to estimate the timing and ultimate costs to be incurred due to uncertainties about the status of laws, regulations 
and technology, based on information currently known to management, we do not expect environmental costs or contingencies 
to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, competitive position, or cash flows. 
The operation of manufacturing plants entails risks in these areas, however, and we cannot be certain that we will not incur 
material costs or liabilities in the future which could adversely affect our operations. 

We  have  been  identified  as  a  potentially  responsible  party  pursuant  to  the  Comprehensive  Environmental  Response 
Compensation and Liability Act, or “CERCLA,” for remediation costs associated with waste disposal sites previously used by 
us. CERCLA can impose liability for costs to investigate and remediate contamination without regard to fault or the legality of 
disposal  and,  under  certain  circumstances,  liability  may  be  joint  and  several  resulting  in  one  responsible  party  being  held 
responsible for the entire obligation. Liability may also include damages for harm to natural resources. The remediation costs 
and our allocated share at some of these CERCLA sites are unknown. We may also be subject to claims for personal injury or 
contribution relating to CERCLA sites. We reserve amounts for such matters when expenditures are probable and reasonably 
estimable. 

Knoll is committed to using materials and technology efficiently to conserve natural resources, developing energy-efficient 
processes; diverting waste generated by our operations and products; and protecting the health and safety of our associates and 
communities. Products that contribute to sustainable development include our GREENGUARD Children & Schools(SM) certified 
Generation and Remix families of chairs; and our BIFMA Level 3 certified Dividends Horizon and Antenna Workspace products. 
Each year we issue an Environmental Health & Safety Annual Report which tracks our pursuit of sustainability across all Knoll 
businesses. 

Employees 

As of December 31, 2017, we employed a total of 3,402 people, consisting of 1,903 hourly and 1,499 salaried employees. 
The Grand Rapids, Michigan plant is the only unionized plant within North America and has an agreement with the Carpenters 
Union, Local 1615, of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, Affiliate of the Carpenters Industrial 
Council (the “Union”), covering approximately 203 hourly employees or 6.0% of the Company's labor force. The Collective 
Bargaining Agreement was entered into on May 1, 2015 and expires April 2018. From time to time, there have been unsuccessful 
efforts to unionize at our other North American locations. We believe that relations with our employees are good. Nonetheless, 
it is possible that our employees may continue attempts to unionize. Certain workers in the facilities in Italy are also represented 
by unions.

Available Information 

Our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to 
those reports are made available free of charge through the “Investor Relations” section of our website at www.knoll.com, as 
soon as practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. 

11

ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS 

RISK FACTORS

Risks Related to our Business

Our product sales are tied to corporate spending and service-sector employment, which are outside of our control. Our sales 
and/or growth in sales would be adversely affected by a recessionary economy characterized by decreased corporate spending 
and service-sector employment.

Our sales are significantly impacted by the level of corporate spending primarily in North America, which, in turn, is a 
function of the general economic environment. In a recessionary economy, business confidence, service-sector employment, 
corporate cash flows and non-residential commercial construction decrease, which typically leads to a decrease in demand for 
furniture and our other products. In addition, a recessionary economy may also result in saturation of the market by “just new” 
used office systems, leading to a decrease in demand for new office systems furniture. Sales of office systems, which have 
historically accounted for almost half of our revenues, represent longer term and higher cost investments for our clients. As a 
result, sales of office systems are more severely impacted by decreases in corporate spending than sales of seating, ancillary 
products, coverings, studio products, and demand for office systems typically takes longer to respond to an economic recovery.

Geopolitical  uncertainties,  terrorist  attacks,  acts  of  war,  natural  disasters,  increases  in  energy  and  other  costs  or 
combinations of such and other factors that are outside of our control could at any time have a significant effect on the economy, 
and, therefore, our business. The occurrence of any of these or similar events in the future could result in downward pressure 
on the economy, which we would expect to cause demand for our products to decline and competitive pricing pressures to 
increase.

Weakness in the economy or uncertainty in the financial markets may adversely affect our results of operations and financial 
condition, as well as the financial soundness of our customers and suppliers.

Weakness in the economy or uncertainty in the financial markets may inhibit our ability to access capital and could be 
restricted at a time when we would like, or need, to access financial markets. In addition, interest rate fluctuations, financial 
market volatility or credit market disruptions may negatively affect our customers' and our suppliers' abilities to obtain credit 
to finance their businesses on acceptable terms. As a result, our customers' needs and abilities to purchase our products or services 
may decrease, and our suppliers may increase their prices, reduce their output or change their terms of sale. If our customers' 
or suppliers' operating and financial performance deteriorates, or if they are unable to make scheduled payments or obtain credit, 
our customers may not be able to pay, or may delay payment of, accounts receivable owed to us, and our suppliers may restrict 
credit or impose different payment terms on us. Any inability of customers to pay us for our products and services, or any 
demands by suppliers for different payment terms, may adversely affect our earnings and cash flow.

We may have difficulty increasing or maintaining our prices as a result of price competition, which could lower our profit 
margins. Our competitors may develop new product designs that give them an advantage over us in making future sales.

We compete with our competitors on the basis of, among other things, price and product design. Since our competitors 
offer products that are similar to ours, we face significant price competition from our competitors, particularly in the Office 
segment. This price competition impacts our ability to implement price increases or, in some cases, maintain prices, which could 
lower our profit margins.

Additionally, our competitors may develop new product designs that achieve a high level of customer acceptance, which 

could give them a competitive advantage over us in making future sales.

Our efforts to introduce new products that meet customer and workplace requirements may not be successful, which could 
limit our sales growth or cause our sales to decline.

To keep pace with workplace trends, such as changes in workplace design and increases in the use of technology, and 
with  evolving  regulatory  and  industry  requirements,  including  environmental,  health,  safety  and  similar  standards  for  the 
workplace and for product performance, we must periodically introduce new products. The introduction of new products requires 
the coordination of the design, manufacturing and marketing of such products, which may be affected by factors beyond our 
control. The design and engineering of certain of our new products can take up to a year or more and further time may be required 
to achieve client acceptance. In addition, we may face difficulties in introducing new products if we cannot successfully align 
ourselves with independent architects and designers who are able to design, in a timely manner, high-quality products consistent 
with our image. Accordingly, the launch of any particular product may be later or less successful than originally anticipated by 
us. Difficulties or delays in introducing new products or lack of customer acceptance of new products could limit our sales 
growth or cause our sales to decline.

12

We may not be able to manage our business effectively if we are unable to retain our experienced management team or recruit 
other key personnel.

The success of our business is highly dependent upon our ability to attract and retain qualified employees and upon the 
ability of our senior management and other key employees to implement our business strategy. We believe there are only a 
limited number of qualified executives in the industry in which we compete. The loss of the services of key members of our 
management team, including Andrew B. Cogan, our Chief Executive Officer, could harm our efforts to successfully implement 
our business strategy.

We are dependent on the pricing and availability of raw materials and components, and price increases and unavailability 
of raw materials and components could lower sales, increase our cost of goods sold and reduce our profits and margins.

We require substantial amounts of raw materials, which we purchase from outside sources. Steel, plastics, wood-related 
materials, and leather are the main raw materials used in our products. The prices and availability of raw materials are subject 
to change or curtailment due to, among other things, the supply of, and demand for, such raw materials, changes in laws or 
regulations, including duties and tariffs, suppliers' allocations to other purchasers, interruptions in production by raw materials 
or component parts suppliers, changes in currency exchange rates and worldwide price levels. We can be significantly impacted 
by price increases in these raw materials.

Although no supplier is the only available source for a particular component or raw material, some of our products and 
components are extremely specialized and, therefore, it can take a significant amount of time and money to move from one 
supply source to another. Any failure to obtain raw materials and components on a timely basis, or any significant delays or 
interruptions in the supply of raw materials or components, could prevent us from being able to produce products ordered by 
our clients in a timely fashion, which could have a negative impact on our reputation and our dealership network, and could 
cause our sales to decline.

We are affected by the cost of energy and increases in energy prices could reduce our margins and profits.

The profitability of our operations is sensitive to the cost of energy through our transportation costs, the cost of petroleum-
based materials, like plastics, and the cost of operating our manufacturing facilities. Energy costs have been volatile in recent 
years due to changes in global supply and demand. Although we have been successful in countering energy price increases, 
primarily through our global sourcing initiatives and continuous improvement programs, we have not been able to offset these 
costs entirely. 

We rely upon independent furniture dealers, and a loss of a significant number of dealers could affect our business, financial 
condition and results of operations.

We rely on a network of independent dealers for the joint marketing of our products to small and mid-sized accounts, and 
to assist us in the marketing of our products to large accounts, particularly in the Office segment. We also rely upon these dealers 
to provide a variety of important specification, installation and after-market services to our clients. Our dealers operate, generally, 
under short-term, non-exclusive agreements. There is nothing to prevent our dealers from terminating their relationships with 
us. In addition, individual dealers may not continue to be viable and profitable and may suffer from the lack of available credit. 
While we are not significantly dependent on any single dealer, our largest dealer accounted for 4.6% of our North American 
sales in 2017; if dealers go out of business or are restructured, we may suffer losses as they may not be able to pay us for products 
previously delivered to them. The loss of a dealer relationship could also negatively affect our ability to maintain market share 
in the affected geographic market and to compete for and service clients in that market until a new dealer relationship is established. 
Establishing a viable dealer in a market can take a significant amount of time and resources. The loss or termination of a significant 
dealer or a significant number of dealer relationships could cause significant difficulties for us in marketing and distributing our 
products, resulting in a decline in our sales.

Currently, one of our largest clients is the U.S. government, a relationship that is subject to uncertain future funding levels 
and federal procurement laws and requires restrictive contract terms; any of these factors could curtail current or future 
business.

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we derived approximately 4.1% and 6.0% of our revenue from sales to U.S. and 
state and local government agencies, respectively. Our ability to compete successfully for and retain business with the U.S. 
government is highly dependent on cost-effective performance and compliance with complex procurement laws. Historically, 
federal  procurement  laws  required  government  agencies  to  purchase  furniture  products  from  Federal  Prison  Industries, 
Incorporated. If these or similar laws would be re-instituted, it would make it more difficult for us to sell our furniture to agencies 
and departments of the U.S. government.

13

In addition, the U.S. government typically can terminate or modify its contracts with us either for its convenience or if 
we default by failing to perform under the terms of the applicable contract. A termination arising out of our default could expose 
us to liability and impede our ability to compete in the future for contracts and orders. Furthermore, if we were found to have 
committed fraud or certain criminal offenses, we could be suspended or debarred from all further government contracting. 

Given the significance of our governmental business, we are sensitive to decreases in governmental spending. Federal, 
state and local government budgets have experienced deficits recently and are under significant pressure to reduce spending. 
These spending pressures have resulted in, and may continue to result in, decreased furniture spending, which has negatively 
impacted (and may continue to negatively impact) our governmental sales.

Our efforts to diversify our sources of revenue may not be effective and may expose us to new risks.

Historically, the majority of our revenues were derived from the sales of office systems in North America. We have pursued 
a strategy to diversify our sources of revenue and reduce our dependence on North American office system sales by, for example, 
growing our seating, international, ancillary and specialty businesses. While we believe that this strategy enables us to better 
maintain and grow our sales and profitability during cyclical ups and downs in the industry, there can be no assurance that this 
diversification strategy will be effective in achieving these goals. Our diversification strategy involves the continued expansion 
of  our  specialty  businesses,  and  business  growth  internationally,  which  may  expose  us  to  business  risks  that  we  have  not 
experienced. We also may incur significant costs in pursuing our diversification strategy, and those costs may not be fully offset 
by increased revenues associated with new business lines.

We operate with leverage, and a significant amount of cash will be required to service our indebtedness. Restrictions imposed 
by the terms of our indebtedness may limit our operating and financial flexibility. 

As of December 31, 2017, we had total consolidated outstanding debt of approximately $192.0 million under our credit 

facility.

On January 22, 2018, we amended and extended our existing credit facility ("Existing Credit Facility"), dated May 20, 
2014, with a new $750.0 million credit facility maturing on January 23, 2023, consisting of a revolving commitment in the 
amount of $400.0 million, a US Dollar term loan commitment in the amount of $250.0 million, and a multicurrency term loan 
commitment  of  €81.7  million. The Amended  Credit Agreement  ("Amended  Credit Agreement")  also  includes  an  option  to 
increase the size of the credit facility or incur incremental term loans by up to an additional $250.0 million, subject to the 
satisfaction of certain terms and conditions. The Amended Credit Agreement is described in more detail in "Capital Resources 
and Liquidity" under Item 7 as well as in Note 12, Indebtedness, and Note 21, Subsequent Events, to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

At December 31, 2017, if we were to borrow the maximum available to us under Existing Credit Facility and those of 
our foreign subsidiaries, we would have total consolidated outstanding debt of approximately $459.6 million. The high level of 
our indebtedness could have important consequences to holders of our common stock, given that:

•  a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations must be dedicated to fund scheduled payments of principal and 

debt service and will not be available for other purposes;

•  our ability to obtain additional debt financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures, research and 

development or acquisitions may be limited by the terms of our credit facility; and

•  the  terms  of  our  credit  facility  also  impose  other  operating  and  financial  restrictions  on  us,  which  could  limit  our 

flexibility in reacting to changes in our industry or in economic conditions generally.

Our Amended Credit Agreement prevents us and our subsidiaries from incurring any additional indebtedness other than 
(i) borrowings under our existing credit facility; (ii) certain types of indebtedness that may be incurred subject to aggregate 
dollar limitations identified in the credit facility, including, without limitation, purchase money indebtedness and capital lease 
obligations, indebtedness incurred in connection with a permitted acquisition, and loans obtained through an expansion of the 
facility, all of which cannot exceed $250.0 million at any time, and (iii) other types of indebtedness that are not limited to specific 
dollar limitations, such as indebtedness incurred in the ordinary course of business and unsecured, subordinated indebtedness. 
The aggregate amount of indebtedness that we may incur pursuant to these exceptions is further limited by the financial covenants 
in our credit facility and, therefore, will depend on our future results of operations and cannot be determined at this time. As a 
result of the financial covenants, our capacity under our credit facility could be reduced if our trailing consolidated EBITDA 
(as defined by our credit agreement) declines due to deteriorating market conditions or poor performance. Furthermore, although 
we may incur unlimited amounts of certain types of indebtedness, subject to compliance with these financial covenants, the 
amount of indebtedness that we may be able to incur will depend on the terms on which such types of debt financing are available 
to us, if available at all.

14

As a result of the foregoing, we may be prevented from engaging in transactions that might further our growth strategy 
or otherwise be considered beneficial to us. A breach of any of the covenants in our credit facility could result in a default 
thereunder. If payments to the lenders under our credit facility were to be accelerated, our assets could be insufficient to repay 
in full the indebtedness under our credit facility and our other liabilities. Any such acceleration could also result in a foreclosure 
on all or substantially all of our subsidiaries' assets, which would have a negative impact on the value of our common stock and 
jeopardize our ability to continue as a going concern.

We may require additional capital in the future, which may not be available or may be available only on unfavorable terms.

Our  capital  requirements  depend  on  many  factors,  including  capital  improvements,  tooling,  information  technology 
upgrades and new product development. To the extent that our existing capital is insufficient to meet these requirements and 
cover any losses, we may need to raise additional funds through financings or curtail our growth and reduce our assets. Any 
equity or debt financing, if available at all, may be on terms that are not favorable to us. Equity financings could result in dilution 
to our stockholders, and the securities may have rights, preferences and privileges that are senior to those of our common stock. 
If our need for capital arises because of significant losses, the occurrence of these losses may make it more difficult for us to 
raise the necessary capital.

An inability to protect our intellectual property could have a significant impact on our business.

We  attempt  to  protect  our  intellectual  property  rights,  both  in  the  United  States  and  in  foreign  countries,  through  a 
combination of patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret laws, as well as licensing agreements and third-party nondisclosure 
and  assignment  agreements.  Because  of  the  differences  in  foreign  trademark,  copyright,  patent  and  other  laws  concerning 
proprietary rights, our intellectual property rights do not generally receive the same degree of protection in foreign countries as 
they do in the United States. In some parts of the world, we have limited protections, if any, for our intellectual property. Our 
ability to compete effectively with our competitors depends, to a significant extent, on our ability to maintain the proprietary 
nature of our intellectual property. The degree of protection offered by the claims of the various patents, copyrights, trademarks 
and service marks may not be broad enough to provide significant proprietary protection or competitive advantages to us, and 
patents, copyrights, trademarks or service marks may not be issued on our pending or contemplated applications. In addition, 
not all of our products are covered by patents or similar intellectual property protections. It is also possible that our patents, 
copyrights, trademarks and service marks may be challenged, invalidated, canceled, narrowed or circumvented.

In the past, certain of our products have been copied and sold by others. We try to enforce our intellectual property rights, 
but we have to make choices about where and how we pursue enforcement and where we seek and maintain intellectual property 
protection. In many cases, the cost of enforcing our rights is substantial, and we may determine that the costs of enforcement 
outweigh the potential benefits. If we are unable to maintain the proprietary nature of our intellectual property with respect to 
our significant current or proposed products, our competitors may be able to sell copies of our products, which could adversely 
affect our ability to sell our original products and could also result in competitive pricing pressures, which may negatively affect 
our profitability.

If third parties claim that we infringe upon their intellectual property rights, we may incur liabilities and costs and may have 
to redesign or discontinue an infringing product.

We face the risk of claims that we have infringed upon third parties' intellectual property rights. Companies operating in 
our industry routinely seek patent protection for their product designs, and many of our principal competitors have large patent 
portfolios. Prior to launching major new products in our key markets, we normally evaluate existing intellectual property rights. 
However, our competitors may have filed for patent protection which is not, at the time of our evaluation, a matter of public 
knowledge. Our efforts to identify and avoid infringing upon third parties' intellectual property rights may not be successful. 
Any claims of patent or other intellectual property infringement, even those without merit, could (i) be expensive and time 
consuming to defend; (ii) cause us to cease making, licensing or using products that incorporate the challenged intellectual 
property; (iii) require us to redesign, reengineer, or rebrand our products or packaging, if feasible; or (iv) require us to enter into 
royalty or licensing agreements in order to obtain the right to use a third party's intellectual property.

15

We could be required to incur substantial costs to comply with environmental requirements. Violations of, and liabilities 
under, environmental laws and regulations may increase our costs or require us to change our business practices.

Our past and present ownership and operation of manufacturing plants are subject to extensive and changing federal, 
state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations, including those relating to discharges to air, water and land, the 
handling and disposal of solid and hazardous waste and the cleanup of properties affected by hazardous substances. As a result, 
we are involved from time to time in administrative and judicial proceedings and inquiries relating to environmental matters 
and could become subject to fines or penalties related thereto. We cannot predict what environmental legislation or regulations 
will be enacted in the future, how existing or future laws or regulations will be administered or interpreted or what environmental 
conditions may be found to exist. Compliance with more stringent laws or regulations, or stricter interpretation of existing laws, 
may require additional expenditures by us, some of which may be material. We have been identified as a potentially responsible 
party  pursuant  to  the  Comprehensive  Environmental  Response,  Compensation  and  Liability Act  of  1980,  or  CERCLA,  for 
remediation costs associated with waste disposal sites previously used by us. In general, CERCLA can impose liability for costs 
to investigate and remediate contamination without regard to fault or the legality of disposal and, under certain circumstances, 
liability may be joint and several, resulting in one party being held responsible for the entire obligation. Liability may also 
include damages for harm to natural resources. The remediation costs and our allocated share at some of these CERCLA sites 
are unknown. We may also be subject to claims for personal injury or contribution relating to CERCLA sites. We reserve amounts 
for such matters when expenditures are probable and reasonably estimable.

We are subject to potential labor disruptions, which could have a significant impact on our business.

Certain of our employees located in Grand Rapids, Michigan and Italy are represented by unions. The collective bargaining 
agreement for our Grand Rapids location expires April 28, 2018. We have also had attempts to unionize our other North American 
manufacturing locations, which to date have been unsuccessful. We have experienced a number of brief work stoppages at our 
facilities in Italy as a result of national and local issues. While we believe that we have good relations with our workforce, we 
may experience work stoppages or other labor problems in the future, and further unionization efforts may be successful. Any 
prolonged work stoppage could have an adverse effect on our reputation, our vendor relations and our dealership network. 
Moreover, because substantially all of our products are manufactured to order, we do not carry finished goods inventory that 
could mitigate the effects of a prolonged work stoppage.

Product defects could adversely affect our results of operations.

Our customers may encounter product defects that could potentially arise in the course of our development of new products 
or due to manufacturing problems. If product defects do arise, we could incur product warranty costs, product liability costs and 
costs associated with recalling and repairing defective products. While we maintain a reserve for our product warranty costs 
based on estimates of the costs that may be incurred under the warranties on all of our products, our actual warranty costs may 
exceed this reserve, resulting in a need to increase the amounts accrued for warranty costs. We also maintain product liability 
and other insurance coverage that we believe to be generally in accordance with industry practices, but our insurance coverage 
does not extend to field visits to repair, retrofit or replace defective products, or to product recalls. As a result, our insurance 
coverage may not be adequate to protect us fully against substantial claims and costs that may arise from product defects, 
particularly if we have a large number of defective products that we must repair, retrofit, replace or recall. Sales of our products 
could be adversely affected by excessive warranty claims, product recalls and adverse perceptions of product quality. As a result 
of these factors, product defects could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

We may be vulnerable to the effects of currency exchange rate fluctuations, which could increase our expenses.

We primarily sell our products and report our financial results in U.S. dollars, but we generate some of our revenues and 
pay some of our expenses in other currencies. Paying our expenses in other currencies can result in a significant increase or 
decrease in the amount of those expenses in U.S. dollar terms, which affects our profits.

In the future, any foreign currency appreciation relative to the U.S. dollar would increase our expenses that are denominated 
in that currency. Additionally, as we report currency in the U.S. dollar, our financial position is affected by the strength of the 
currencies in countries where we have operations relative to the strength of the U.S. dollar. The principal foreign currencies in 
which we conduct business are the Canadian dollar and the Euro. In addition, our January 2018 acquisition of Muuto will increase 
our foreign currency exchange rate exposure. Approximately 12.6% of our revenues in 2017 and 25.9% of our cost of goods 
sold in 2017 were denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. From time to time, we review our foreign currency 
exposure and evaluate whether we should hedge our exposure.

16

Pension costs or funding requirements could increase at a higher-than-anticipated rate.

We administer two defined benefit pension plans, which hold significant amounts of equity securities. Changes in interest 
rates or other plan assumptions or in the market value of plan assets could affect the funded status of our pension plans. This 
could cause volatility in our benefits costs which could increase future funding requirements of our pension plans and have a 
negative impact on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Our future funding obligations also are affected 
by the Pension Protection Act of 2006 (“PPA”), which established certain required funding targets. Volatility in the economic 
environment and/or a decline in the equity markets could cause the value of investment assets held by our pension plans to 
decline. As a result, we may be required to increase the amount of our cash contributions to our pension plans in order to meet 
the funding level requirements of the PPA.

If we fail to protect the integrity and security of our information technology systems and confidential information, it could 
adversely affect our business.

We rely upon information technology networks and systems to process, transmit and store electronic information, and to 
manage numerous aspects of our business and provide information to management. We also receive certain customer-specific 
data,  including  credit  card  information,  in  connection  with  orders  placed  through  our  various  businesses,  including  our  e-
commerce websites and our retail store. The secure operation of these information technology systems, and the processing and 
maintenance of this information, is critical to our business operations and strategy. These systems are vulnerable to, among other 
things,  damage  and  interruption  from  power  loss  or  natural  disasters,  computer  system  and  network  failures,  loss  of 
telecommunications services, physical and electronic loss of data, security breaches, hackers and employee misuse. We may 
face unauthorized attempts by hackers seeking to harm us or, as a result of industrial espionage, to penetrate our network security 
and gain access to our systems, steal intellectual or other proprietary data, including design, sales or personally identifiable 
information, introduce malicious software or interrupt our internal systems, manufacturing or distribution. Though we attempt 
to prevent and detect these incidents, we may not be successful. Any disruption of our information technology systems, or access 
to or disclosure of information stored in or transmitted by our systems, could result in legal claims and damages, loss of intellectual 
property or other proprietary information (including customer data), disrupt operations, result in competitive disadvantage and 
damage our reputation, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

In addition, states and the federal government are increasingly enacting laws and regulations to protect consumers against 
identity theft. Also, as our business expands globally, we are subject to data privacy and other similar laws in various foreign 
jurisdictions. If we are the target of a cybersecurity attack resulting in unauthorized disclosure of our customer data, we may be 
required to undertake costly notification procedures. Compliance with these laws will likely increase the costs of doing business. 
Further, if we fail to implement appropriate safeguards or to detect and provide prompt notice of unauthorized access as required 
by some of these laws, we could be subject to potential claims for damages and other remedies, which could harm our business.

We  are  in  the  process  of  implementing  a  new  enterprise  resource  planning  system,  and  problems  with  the  design  or 
implementation of this system could interfere with our business and operations.

We are engaged in a multi-year implementation of a new global enterprise resource planning system (ERP). The ERP is 
designed to accurately maintain the company's books and records and provide information to the company's management team 
important to the operation of the business. The company's ERP has required, and will continue to require, the investment of 
significant human and financial resources. We may not be able to successfully implement the ERP without experiencing delays, 
increased costs and other difficulties. If we are unable to successfully design and implement the new ERP system as planned, 
our financial positions, results of operations and cash flows could be negatively impacted.

We may not be able to successfully integrate acquired businesses, which may result in an inability to realize the anticipated 
benefits of our acquisitions.

One of our key operating strategies is to selectively pursue acquisitions. We have made a number of acquisitions in the 
past and we expect that a portion of our future growth may come from such transactions. We evaluate potential acquisitions on 
an ongoing basis. However, we may not be able to identify suitable acquisition candidates at prices we consider attractive. 
Further, our ability to successfully integrate acquired businesses could be negatively impaired because of difficulties, costs and 
delays that may include:

•  Negative impacts on employee morale and performance as a result of job changes and reassignments;

•  Unforeseen difficulties, costs or complications in integrating the companies' operations, which could lead to us not 

achieving the synergies we anticipate;

•  Unanticipated incompatibility of systems and operating methods;

•  Resolving possible inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures and policies, business cultures and compensation 

structures;

17

•  The diversion of management's attention from ongoing business concerns and other strategic opportunities;

•  Unforeseen difficulties in operating acquired business in parallel with similar businesses that we operated previously;

•  Unforeseen difficulties in operating businesses we have not operated before;

•  Unanticipated difficulty of integrating multiple acquired businesses simultaneously;

•  The retention of key employees and management of acquired businesses;

•  The coordination of geographically separate organizations;

•  The coordination and consolidation of ongoing and future research and development efforts; and

•  Possible tax costs or inefficiencies associated with integrating the operations of a combined company.

In connection with any acquisition that we make, there may be liabilities that we fail to discover or that we inadequately 
assess. Acquired entities may not operate profitably or result in improved operating performance. Additionally, we may not 
realize anticipated synergies. If our acquisitions perform poorly, our business and financial results could be adversely affected.

Tax matters, including the changes in corporate tax rates, disagreements with taxing authorities and imposing of new taxes 
could impact our results of operations and financial condition. 

Our effective tax rates, and tax payments, could be affected by numerous factors, including but not limited to entry into 
new geographies, changes to our existing business and operations, acquisitions, changes in our stock price, changes in our 
deferred tax assets and liabilities and the related valuation, and changes in relevant tax, accounting, and other laws, regulations, 
administrative practices, principles, and interpretations.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the 
"Tax Act") which represents a significant overhaul of the U.S. federal tax code. The Tax Act makes broad and complex changes 
to the U.S. tax code, including but not limited to reducing the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%. The Tax Act 
requires judgments to be made in interpretation of the provisions of the Tax Act and significant estimates in the related calculations. 
The Department of Treasury, the Internal Revenue Service, and other standard-setting bodies have not implemented all relevant 
regulations or issued substantive guidance to-date; therefore, these standard-setting bodies could interpret or issue guidance on 
how provisions of the Tax Act will be applied that may differ from our current interpretation. We are continuing to evaluate the 
overall impact of this tax legislation on our operations and overall income tax position. See Note 17, Income Taxes, to the 
consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 for further discussion of the Tax Act.

We need to comply with new, evolving or revised tax laws and regulations. The enactment of or increases in tariffs, or 
other changes in application or interpretation of the Tax Act, or on specific products that we sell or with which our products 
compete, may have an adverse effect on our business or on results of operations.

Any attempt by the Administration to withdraw from or materially modify NAFTA and certain other international trade 
agreements could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

A significant portion of our business activities are conducted in foreign countries, including Canada and Mexico. The 
current Administration has made comments suggesting that certain existing international trade agreements may change, including 
the North American Free Trade Agreement (“NAFTA”). At this time, it remains unclear what the new Administration will or 
will not do with respect to these international trade agreements. If the Administration takes action to withdraw from or materially 
modify NAFTA or certain other international trade agreements, our business, financial condition and results of operations could 
be adversely affected.

Risks Related to Our Common Stock

Our corporate documents and Delaware law contain provisions that could discourage, delay or prevent a change in control 
of our company.

Provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws may discourage, delay or prevent a merger 
or acquisition involving us that our stockholders may consider favorable. For example, our amended and restated certificate of 
incorporation authorizes our board of directors to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of “blank check” preferred stock. Without 
stockholder approval, the board of directors has the authority to attach special rights, including voting and dividend rights, to 
this preferred stock. With these rights, preferred stockholders could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us. In 
addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides for a staggered board of directors, whereby directors 
serve for three-year terms, with approximately one-third of the directors coming up for reelection each year. Having a staggered 
board will make it more difficult for a third party to obtain control of our board of directors through a proxy contest, which may 
be a necessary step in an acquisition of us that is not favored by our board of directors.

18

We are also subject to the anti-takeover provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Under these 
provisions, if anyone becomes an “interested stockholder,” we may not enter into a “business combination” with that person for 
three years without special approval, which could discourage a third party from making a takeover offer and could delay or 
prevent a change of control. For purposes of Section 203, “interested stockholder” means, generally, someone owning 15% or 
more of our outstanding voting stock or an affiliate of ours that owned 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock during the 
past three years, subject to certain exceptions as described in Section 203. Upon any change in control, the lenders under our 
credit facility would have the right to require us to repay all of our outstanding obligations under the facility.

Our stock price may be volatile, and your investment in our common stock could suffer a decline in value.

There has been significant volatility in the market price and trading volume of equity securities, which may be unrelated 
to the financial performance of the companies issuing the securities. These broad market fluctuations may negatively affect the 
market price of our common stock. You may not be able to resell your shares at or above the price at which you purchased them 
due to fluctuations in the market price of our common stock caused by changes in our operating performance or prospects and 
other factors. Some specific factors that may have a significant effect on our common stock market price include:

•  actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results or future prospects, including actual or perceived fluctuations 

in the demand for our products;

•  our announcements or our competitors' announcements of new products;

•  the public's reaction to our press releases, our other public announcements and our filings with the SEC;

•  strategic actions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions, joint ventures, strategic investments, or restructurings;

•  new laws or regulations or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations applicable to our business;

•  changes in accounting standards, policies, guidance, interpretations or principles;

•  changes in our growth rates or our competitors' growth rates;

•  our inability to raise additional capital;

•  conditions of our industry as a result of changes in financial markets or general economic conditions, including those 

resulting from war, incidents of terrorism and responses to such events;

•  sales of common stock by us or members of our management team; and

•  changes in stock market analyst recommendations or earnings estimates regarding our common stock, other comparable 

companies or our industry generally.

19

ITEM 1B.    UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None

ITEM 2.    PROPERTIES

We operate over 3,976 thousand square feet of facilities, including manufacturing plants, warehouses and sales offices. 
Of these facilities, we own approximately 2,469 thousand square feet and lease approximately 1,507 thousand square feet. Our 
manufacturing plants are located in East Greenville, Pennsylvania, Grand Rapids and Muskegon, Michigan, Chicago, Illinois, 
Dallas, Texas, Toronto, Canada, and Foligno and Graffignana, Italy. The location, square footage, and use of the facilities as of 
December 31, 2017 are shown below.

Owned Locations
East Greenville, Pennsylvania

Grand Rapids, Michigan

Toronto, Canada

Muskegon, Michigan
Foligno, Italy

Square
Footage
 (in thousands)

Use

735 (1) Corporate Headquarters, Manufacturing,
Warehouses, and Administration

(1)

607

Manufacturing, Distribution, and Administration

386   Manufacturing, Distribution, Warehouses, and

(1)

Administration
Manufacturing and Administration

367
259   Manufacturing, Distribution, Warehouses, and

Reporting Segment
Office, Studio and
Coverings

Office

Office

Office

Studio

Graffignana, Italy

108   Manufacturing, Distribution, Warehouses, and

Studio

Administration

Paris, France

Administration

7

Sales Offices

Leased Locations

Square
Footage
 (in thousands)

Use

Miscellaneous Showrooms

424   Sales Offices

Allentown, Pennsylvania

290 Warehouse, Distribution

Studio

Reporting Segment
Office, Studio,
and Coverings

Office and Studio

Toronto, Canada

Bedford Park, Illinois

Muskegon, Michigan

Buffalo, New York

180

Manufacturing, Warehouses, Distribution and
Administration

Office

135 Warehouse, Distribution (Holly Hunt Enterprises) Studio

105   Manufacturing

Office

89

Manufacturing and Administration (DatesWeiser)

Studio

New Milford, Connecticut

55   Manufacturing and Administration (Edelman

Coverings

Getzville, New York

Knoll, Europe—various
locations

Leather)

45

Manufacturing and Administration (Spinneybeck) Coverings

41   Sales Offices, Administration, and Warehouses

Studio

East Greenville, Pennsylvania

40 Warehouses, Distribution

Office and Studio

Chicago, Illinois

Dallas, Texas

Chicago, Illinois

Clifton, New Jersey

34   Warehouse, Distribution (Holly Hunt Enterprises) Studio

30   Warehouse, Distribution (Holly Hunt Enterprises) Studio

26   Administration (Holly Hunt Enterprises)

Studio

13 Warehouse, Distribution (Holly Hunt Enterprises) Studio

We believe that our plants and other facilities are sufficient for our needs for the foreseeable future.

ITEM 3.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, we are subject to litigation or other legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. Based 
upon information currently known to us, we believe the outcome of such proceedings will not have, individually or in the 
aggregate, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

20

 
 
ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

21

PART II

ITEM  5.    MARKET  FOR  REGISTRANT'S  COMMON  EQUITY,  RELATED  STOCKHOLDER  MATTERS AND 
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information and Dividend Policy

Our common stock has been listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) since December 14, 2004, the date of 
our initial public offering, under the symbol “KNL.” As of December 31, 2017, there were approximately 127 stockholders of 
record of our common stock.

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, high and low sales prices for the common stock as reported by 

the NYSE.

Fiscal year ended December 31, 2017

First quarter

Second quarter
Third quarter

Fourth quarter

Fiscal year ended December 31, 2016

First quarter

Second quarter

Third quarter

Fourth quarter

High

Low

$

$
$

$

$

$

$

$

28.33

24.47
20.30

24.00

High

21.93

25.46

26.76

28.40

$

$
$

$

$

$

$

$

22.10

19.32
16.57

19.58

Low

16.42

21.10

22.17

20.37

We declared and paid cash dividends of $0.60 per share for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. On February 6, 
2018, our board of directors declared a cash dividend of $0.15 per share on our common stock payable on March 31, 2018 to 
shareholders of record on March 15, 2018. The declaration and payment of future dividends is subject to the discretion of our 
board of directors and depends on various factors, including our net income, financial condition, cash requirements and future 
prospects and other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors. Our credit facility imposes restrictions on our ability to 
pay dividends, and thus our ability to pay dividends on our common stock will depend upon, among other things, our level of 
indebtedness at the time of the proposed dividend and whether we are in default under any of our debt obligations. Our ability 
to pay dividends will also depend on the requirements of any future financing agreements to which we may be a party. Our board 
of directors intends to evaluate our dividend policy quarterly in reference to these factors.

Performance Graph

The following line graph compares the cumulative total stockholder return on our common stock with the cumulative 
total return of the Standard & Poor's 500 Stock Index and with the cumulative total return of a peer group of companies selected 
by us for the period commencing on December 31, 2012 and ending on December 31, 2017. Our share price at the beginning 
of the measurement period is $15.36 per share. The graph and table assume that $100 was invested on December 31, 2012 in 
each of our common stock, the stock of our peer group, and the S&P 500 Index, and that all dividends were reinvested. Our peer 
group is made up of six publicly-held companies, Herman Miller, Inc., Steelcase, Inc., HNI Corp, Kimball International Inc., 
Interface Inc., and Movado Group Inc. The stock performance on the graph below does not necessarily indicate future price 
performance.

22

 
 
 
 
$100 invested on 12/31/12 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends. Fiscal year ending December 31.

Knoll, Inc. 
S&P 500
Peer Group
_______________________________________________________________________________

12/12
100.00
100.00
100.00

12/13
130.97
132.39
178.80

12/14
155.54
150.51
189.67

12/15
141.44
152.59
170.15

12/16
215.52
170.84
224.32

12/17
183.01
208.14
205.07

* The performance graph and the related chart should not be deemed filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934 or incorporated by reference into any of our filings under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934, unless we specifically incorporate the performance graph by reference therein.

23

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following is a summary of share repurchase activity during the three months ended December 31, 2017.

On August 17, 2005, our board of directors approved a stock repurchase program (the “Options Proceeds Program”), 
whereby they authorized us to purchase shares of our common stock in the open market using the cash proceeds received by us 
upon exercise of outstanding options.

On February 2, 2006, our board of directors approved an additional stock repurchase program, pursuant to which we are 
authorized to purchase up to $50.0 million of our common stock in the open market, through privately negotiated transactions, 
or otherwise. On February 4, 2008, our board of directors expanded this previously authorized $50.0 million stock repurchase 
program by an additional $50.0 million.

Period
October 1, 2017 - October 31, 2017

November 1, 2017 - November 30, 2017

December 1, 2017 - December 31, 2017
Total

Total
Number of
Shares
Purchased

—

—

16,548
16,548

(2)

Average
Price Paid
Per Share
—
$

$

$

—

22.90

Total Number of
Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs
—

—

—
—

Maximum Dollar Value
of Shares that May Yet
be Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs(1)

$

$

$

32,352,413

32,352,413

32,352,413

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1) There is no limit on the number or value of shares that may be purchased by us under the Options Proceeds Program. Under our $50.0 
million stock repurchase program, which was expanded by an additional $50.0 million in February 2008, we are only authorized to spend 
an  aggregate  of  $100.0 million  on  stock  repurchases. Amounts  in  this  column  represent  the  amounts  that  remain  available  under  the 
$100.0 million stock repurchase program as of the end of the period indicated. There is no scheduled expiration date for the Option Proceeds 
Program or the $100.0 million stock repurchase program, but our Board of Directors may terminate either program in the future.

(2) In December 2017, 35,139 shares of outstanding restricted stock vested. Concurrently with the vesting, 16,548 shares were forfeited by 

the holders of the restricted shares to cover applicable taxes paid on the holders' behalf by the Company.

ITEM 6.    SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with “Management's Discussion and 
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our audited consolidated financial statements and the related 
notes included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. The selected consolidated financial data for the years ended December 31, 2015, 
2016 and 2017 and as of December 31, 2016 and 2017 are derived from our audited financial statements included elsewhere in 
this Form 10-K. The selected consolidated financial data for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2014 and as of December 31, 
2013, 2014 and 2015 are derived from our audited financial statements not included in this Form 10-K.

24

 
 
 
 
Sales

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Restructuring charges

Write-off of property, plant, and equipment

Intangible asset impairment charges

Pension settlement charge

Operating profit

Interest expense

Other expense (income), net

Income before income tax expense

Income tax (benefit) expense, net

Net earnings

Net earnings attributable to Knoll, Inc. stockholders

Per Share Data:

Earnings per share:

Basic

Diluted

Cash dividends declared per share:

Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income Data

Years Ended December 31,

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

$

862,252

$

1,050,294

$

1,104,442

$

1,164,292

$

1,132,892

581,920

280,332

224,915

5,104

—

8,900

—

41,413

5,941

(3,430)

38,902

15,718

23,184

23,184

0.49

0.49

0.48

$

$

$

$

$

678,609

371,685

286,801

1,532

—

—

6,509

76,843

7,378

(6,285)

75,750

29,165

46,585

46,585

0.98

0.97

0.48

$

$

$

$

$

692,310

412,132

299,476

896

—

10,650

—

101,110

6,865

(9,174)

718,316

445,976

309,668

—

—

—

—

136,308

5,405

3,365

103,419

127,538

37,471

65,948

65,963

1.38

1.36

0.51

$

$

$

$

$

45,424

82,114

82,084

1.71

1.68

0.60

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

718,313

414,579

305,992

2,150

16,306

—

2,162

87,969

7,483

1,894

78,592

(1,600)

80,192

80,163

1.66

1.63

0.60

Basic

Diluted

46,916,845

47,346,532

47,746,707

48,093,294

48,422,558

47,659,418

48,068,249

48,438,231

48,919,108

49,160,492

Working capital

Total assets

Total long-term debt, including current portion

Total liabilities

Total equity

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

As of December 31,

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

$

66,827

$

80,045

$

92,732

$

54,435

$

(in thousands)

675,762

173,000

451,935

223,827

868,943

258,000

665,725

213,218

853,803

219,718

598,329

255,474

858,613

218,383

549,144

309,469

55,190

861,041

191,048

502,312

358,729

25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM  7.    MANAGEMENT'S  DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  OF  FINANCIAL  CONDITION AND  RESULTS  OF 
OPERATIONS

Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations provides an account of our financial 
performance and financial condition that should be read in conjunction with the accompanying audited consolidated financial 
statements.

Forward-looking Statements

This annual report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements, principally in the sections entitled “Business,” 
“Risk Factors,” “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and “Quantitative 
and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.” Statements and financial discussion and analysis contained in this Form 10-
K that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements. These statements discuss goals, intentions and expectations as to 
future trends, plans, events, results of operations or financial condition, or state other information relating to us, based on our 
current beliefs as well as assumptions made by us and information currently available to us. Forward-looking statements generally 
will  be  accompanied  by  words  such  as  “anticipate,”  “believe,”  “could,”  “estimate,”  “expect,”  “forecast,”  “intend,”  “may,” 
“possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” or other similar words, phrases or expressions. This includes, without limitation, 
our statements and expectations regarding any current or future recovery in our industry and publicly announced plans for 
increased capital and investment spending to achieve our long-term revenue and profitability growth goals, and our expectations 
with respect to leverage. Although we believe these forward-looking statements are reasonable, they are based upon a number 
of assumptions concerning future conditions, any or all of which may ultimately prove to be inaccurate. Important factors that 
could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements include, without limitation: the risks described 
in Item 1A and in Item 7A of this annual report on Form 10-K; changes in the financial stability of our clients or the overall 
economic environment, resulting in decreased corporate spending and service sector employment; changes in relationships with 
clients; the mix of products sold and of clients purchasing our products; the success of new technology initiatives; changes in 
business strategies and decisions; competition from our competitors; our ability to recruit and retain an experienced management 
team; changes in raw material prices and availability; restrictions on government spending resulting in fewer sales to the U.S. 
government, one of our largest customers; our debt restrictions on spending; our ability to protect our patents, copyrights and 
trademarks;  our  reliance  on  furniture  dealers  to  produce  sales;  lawsuits  arising  from  patents,  copyrights  and  trademark 
infringements; violations of environmental laws and regulations; potential labor disruptions; adequacy of our insurance policies; 
the  availability  of  future  capital  and  the  cost  of  borrowing;  the  overall  strength  and  stability  of  our  dealers,  suppliers,  and 
customers; access to necessary capital; our ability to successfully integrate acquired businesses; the success of our design and 
implementation of a new enterprise resource planning system; and currency rate fluctuations. The factors identified above are 
believed to be important factors (but not necessarily all of the important factors) that could cause actual results to differ materially 
from those expressed in any forward-looking statement. Unpredictable or unknown factors could also have material adverse 
effects on us. All forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-K are expressly qualified in their entirety by the foregoing 
cautionary statements. Except as required under the Federal securities laws and the rules and regulations of the SEC, we undertake 
no obligation to update, amend, or clarify forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or 
otherwise.

Overview 

We design, manufacture, market and sell high-end commercial and residential furniture, accessories, textiles, fine leathers 
and designer felt for the workplace and residential markets, as well as modern outdoor furniture. We work with clients to create 
inspired  modern  interiors.  Our  design-driven  businesses  share  a  reputation  for  high-quality  and  sophistication  offering  a 
diversified product portfolio that endures throughout evolving trends and performs throughout business cycles. Our products 
are targeted at the middle to upper-end of the market where we reach customers primarily through a broad network of independent 
dealers and distribution partners, our direct sales force, our showrooms, and our online presence.

Business Highlights

During the last decade we have diversified our sources of revenue among our varying operating segments. During 2017, 
approximately 40% of our sales and 74% of our profits came from outside of our Office segment. We continue to build Knoll 
with an eye toward what works for our customers and shareholders: a constellation of design-driven brands and people, working 
together with our clients to create inspired modern interiors combined with our disciplined approach to the management of our 
business has resulted in the creation of a singular entity.

Over time we believe our diversification efforts and strategy will continue to result in a more profitable and less cyclical 
enterprise. Knoll brands span commercial and residential applications with high design opportunities, and are heavily influenced 
by architect and designer specifiers. We are focused on targeting under-penetrated and emerging ancillary categories and markets 
as well as expanding our reach into residential and decorator channels around the world. 

26

Our efforts to diversify our sources of revenue among our operating segments has not detracted from our continued focus 
on growing and improving the operating performance of our Office segment. We are looking beyond the traditional office product 
categories of systems, task seating and storage, to furniture that supports activity areas and the in-between spaces where people 
meet. We  believe  that  our  success  in  traditional  office  products  gives  us  an  advantage  throughout  the  workplace.  Our  new 
Rockwell Unscripted collection encompasses every product category ranging from seating and lounge to architectural walls and 
storage. It addresses the needs of organizations that seek alternatives to the traditional workspace, and is substantially additive 
to our current product portfolio. In addition to these initiatives, we aim to increase profitability through operational improvements 
and investments in our physical and technological infrastructure. 

We  are  committed  to  building  a  more  efficient  and  responsive  customer  centric  service  culture  and  technology 
infrastructure across our organization. Our capital expenditures are reflective of this commitment as we continued to invest in 
the business through technology infrastructure upgrades, continued investments in our manufacturing facilities focusing on lean 
initiatives and showroom presence.

Results of Operations

Comparison of Consolidated Results for the Years Ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 

Net Sales

Gross profit

Operating profit

Interest expense

Other expense (income), net

Income tax expense

Net earnings

Net earnings attributable to Knoll, Inc. stockholders

Net earnings per common share attributable to Knoll, Inc.

stockholders:

Basic

Diluted
Statistical Data

Gross profit %

Operating profit %

Net Sales

Year Ended December 31,

2017 vs. 2016

2017

2016

$ Change

% Change

(Dollar in thousands)

$ 1,132,892

$ 1,164,292

$

(31,400)

414,579

87,969

7,483

1,894

(1,600)

80,192

80,163

445,976

136,308

5,405

3,365

45,424

82,114

82,084

(31,397)

(48,339)

2,078

(1,471)

(47,024)

(1,922)

(1,921)

(2.7)%

(7.0)%

(35.5)%

38.4 %

(43.7)%

(103.5)%

(2.3)%

(2.3)%

$

$

1.66

1.63

$

$

1.71

1.68

$

$

(0.05)

(0.05)

(2.9)%

(3.0)%

36.6%

7.8%

38.3%

11.7%

Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2017 were $1,132.9 million, a decrease of $31.4 million, or 2.7%, from sales 
of $1,164.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. The decrease in sales was largely due to a $48.3 million decrease in 
Office sales driven by volume declines in both government and commercial sales, primarily in the first half of the year. The 
decrease in Office segment sales was partially offset by an increase in Studio segment sales. Studio sales increased $17.6 million, 
due primarily to growth from HOLLY HUNT® and Knoll Europe, as well as incremental sales from a full year of DatesWeiser 
acquired in December 2016. 

Gross Profit

Gross profit for 2017 was $414.6 million, a decrease of $31.4 million, or 7.0%, from gross profit of $446.0 million in 
2016. As a percentage of sales, gross profit decreased from 38.3% for 2016 to 36.6% for 2017. This decline is due primarily to 
lower fixed-cost leverage resulting from lower volume in the Office segment, as well as higher commodity inflation.

Operating Profit

Operating profit for 2017 was $88.0 million, a decrease of $48.3 million, or 35.5%, from operating profit of $136.3 

million for 2016. Operating profit as a percentage of sales decreased from 11.7% in 2016 to 7.8% in 2017. 

27

Selling, general, and administrative expenses for 2017 were $306.0 million, or 27.0% of sales, compared to $309.7 million, 
or 26.6% of sales, for 2016. In addition to selling, general and administrative expenses, operating expenses for 2017 included 
an asset impairment of $16.3 million, a pension settlement charge of $2.2 million, restructuring charges of $2.2 million, and 
acquisition costs of $0.5 million. The decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily related to lower 
incentive compensation due to decreased profitability, partially offset by increased sales headcount.

Interest Expense

Interest expense for 2017 was $7.5 million, an increase of $2.1 million from $5.4 million for 2016. The increase in interest 
expense was due primarily to a higher average outstanding debt balance, and increased interest rates during 2017. During 2017
and 2016, the Company's weighted average interest rates were approximately 2.4% and 2.0%, respectively.

Other Expense, net

Other expense in 2017 was $1.9 million compared to $3.4 million in 2016. Other expense in 2017 was related primarily 
to foreign exchange losses that resulted from the revaluation of intercompany balances between our US and foreign entities in 
both 2017 and 2016.

Income Tax (Benefit) Expense

The effective tax rate for 2017 was (2.0%) compared to 35.6% for 2016. The primary driver of the lower effective tax 

rate in 2017 was a $26.6 million benefit resulting from the impacts of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 ("Tax Act") being 
signed into law in December of 2017. Additional factors impacting the rate included the vesting of a large quantity of equity 
awards during the first quarter of 2017, and the reversal in the third quarter of 2017 of a valuation allowance against certain 
foreign jurisdiction deferred tax assets. In addition, our effective tax rate is directly affected by the mix of pretax income and 
the varying effective tax rates in the countries and states in which we operate.

Comparison of Consolidated Results for the Years Ended December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 

Sales

Gross profit

Operating profit

Interest expense

Other income, net

Income tax expense

Net earnings

Net earnings attributable to Knoll, Inc. stockholders

Net earnings per common share attributable to Knoll, Inc.

stockholders:

Basic

Diluted

Statistical Data

Gross profit %

Operating profit %

Net Sales

Year Ended December 31,

2016 vs. 2015

2016

2015

$ Change

% Change

(Dollar in thousands)

$ 1,164,292

$ 1,104,442

$

445,976

136,308

5,405

3,365

45,424

82,114

82,084

412,132

101,110

6,865

(9,174)

37,471

65,948

65,963

59,850

33,844

35,198

(1,460)

12,539

7,953

16,166

16,121

5.4 %

8.2 %

34.8 %

(21.3)%

(136.7)%

21.2 %

24.5 %

24.4 %

$

$

1.71

1.68

$

$

1.38

1.36

$

$

0.33

0.32

23.9 %

23.5 %

38.3%

11.7%

37.3%

9.2%

Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2016 were $1,164.3 million, an increase of $59.9 million, or 5.4%, from sales 
of $1,104.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. The increase in sales was largely due to a $44.4 million increase in 
Office sales driven by continued growth in our core systems portfolio as well as an increase in complimentary products. While 
Coverings  segment  sales  were  slightly  down  compared  to  prior  year,  Studio  segment  sales  increased  $19.6  million,  led  by 
KnollStudio in North America and Europe.

28

Gross Profit

Gross profit for 2016 was $446.0 million, an increase of $33.8 million, or 8.2%, from gross profit of $412.1 million in 
2015. Gross profit for 2015 includes a charge of $0.9 million due to the discontinuation of one of our seating products. As a 
percentage of sales, gross profit increased from 37.3% for 2015 to 38.3% for 2016. The improvement was driven mainly by the 
Office and Studio segments, where operating efficiencies and improved fixed-cost leverage from higher volumes were favorable.

Operating Profit

Operating profit for 2016 was $136.3 million, an increase of $35.2 million, or 34.8%, from operating profit of $101.1 
million for 2015. Operating profit as a percentage of sales increased from 9.2% in 2015 to 11.7% in 2016. Operating profit for 
2015 includes $11.5 million of restructuring and impairment charges.

Selling, general, and administrative expenses for 2016 were $309.7 million, or 26.6% of sales, compared to $299.5 million, 
or 27.1% of sales, for 2015. Operating expenses for 2015 include an Edelman tradename impairment of $10.7 million, as well 
as restructuring charges of $0.9 million. The increase in operating expenses was primarily related to expanded sales, marketing 
and product development investments as well as additional headcount.

Interest Expense

Interest expense for 2016 was $5.4 million, a decrease of $1.5 million from interest expense of $6.9 million for 2015. 
The decrease in interest expense was due primarily to a reduction in outstanding debt. During 2016 and 2015, the Company's 
weighted average interest rates were approximately 2.0% and 2.1%, respectively.

Other Expense (Income), net

Other expense in 2016 was $3.4 million compared to other income of $9.2 million in 2015. Other expense in 2016 was 
related primarily to foreign exchange losses that resulted from the revaluation of intercompany balances between our Canadian 
and US entities. Other income in 2015 was due primarily to foreign exchange gains on intercompany balances.

Income Tax Expense

Our effective tax rate was 35.6% for 2016, compared to 36.2% for 2015. The mix of pretax income and the varying 

effective tax rates in the countries and states in which we operate directly affects our consolidated effective tax rate.

29

Segment Reporting

We manage our business through our reporting segments: Office, Studio, and Coverings. All unallocated expenses are 

included within Corporate. 

Our Office segment includes a complete range of workplace products that address diverse workplace planning paradigms. 
These products include: systems furniture, seating, storage, tables, desks and KnollExtra® accessories as well as the international 
sales of our North American Office products.

Our Studio segment includes KnollStudio®, HOLLY HUNT®, Knoll Europe and DatesWeiser. KnollStudio products, 
include iconic seating, lounge furniture, side, cafe and dining chairs as well as conference, training and dining and occasional 
tables. HOLLY HUNT® is known for high quality residential furniture, lighting, rugs, textiles and leathers. In addition, HOLLY 
HUNT® also includes Vladimir Kagan Design Group, a renowned collection of modern luxury furnishings. Knoll Europe, which 
distributes both KnollStudio and Knoll Office products, manufactures and sells products to customers primarily in Europe. 
DatesWeiser, known for its sophisticated meeting and conference tables and credenzas, sets a standard for design, quality and 
technology integration.

Our Coverings segment includes KnollTextiles®, Spinneybeck® (including Filzfelt®), and Edelman® Leather. These 

businesses provide a wide range of customers with high-quality fabrics, felt, leather and related architectural products.

See Note 20 of our consolidated financial statements contained in this annual report on Form 10-K for further information 

regarding the business segments. 

The comparisons of segment results found below present our segment information with Corporate costs excluded from 

operating segment results. 

Comparison of Segment Results for the Years Ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016

SALES

Office

Studio

Coverings

Corporate

Knoll, Inc. 

OPERATING PROFIT

Office

Studio

Coverings

Corporate
Knoll, Inc. (1)

Year Ended December 31,

2017 vs. 2016

2017

2016

$ Change

% Change

(Dollar in thousands)

$

682,936

$

731,327

$

(48,391)

340,995

108,961

—

1,132,892

25,894

51,136

24,623

323,431

109,534

—

1,164,292

73,871

53,413

25,953

$

$

(13,684)

(16,929)

$

$

17,564

(573)

—

(31,400)

(47,977)

(2,277)

(1,330)

3,245

87,969

$

136,308

$

(48,339)

$

$

$

(6.6)%

5.4 %

(0.5)%

— %

(2.7)%

(64.9)%

(4.3)%

(5.1)%

15.1 %

(35.5)%

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1) The Company does not allocate interest expense or other (income) expense, net to the reportable segments.

Office

Net sales for the Office segment in 2017 were $682.9 million, a decrease of $48.4 million, or 6.6%, when compared with 
2016. This decrease in the Office segment for the year was due to declines in both government and commercial sales, primarily 
in the first half of the year. Operating profit for the Office segment in 2017 was $25.9 million, a decrease of $48.0 million, or 
64.9%, when compared with 2016. The decrease in operating profit was primarily due to infrequent charges of $21.2 million 
which includes a $16.3 million asset impairment charge, a $2.2 million pension settlement charge, a $2.2 million restructuring 
charge and acquisition costs of $0.5 million. 

30

Studio

Net sales for the Studio segment in 2017 were $341.0 million, an increase of $17.6 million, or 5.4%, when compared 
with 2016. The increase in the Studio segment was due primarily to growth from HOLLY HUNT® and Knoll Europe, as well 
as incremental sales from a full year of DatesWeiser. Operating profit for the Studio segment in 2017 was $51.1 million, a 
decrease of $2.3 million, or 4.3%, when compared with 2016. 

Coverings

Net sales for the Coverings segment in 2017 were $109.0 million, a decrease of $0.6 million, or 0.5%, when compared 
with 2016. Continued year-over-year growth in Spinneybeck | FilzFelt sales, particularly in the architectural space, was offset 
by lower volume at KnollTextiles and Edelman. Operating profit for the Coverings segment in 2017 was $24.6 million, a decrease 
of $1.3 million, or 5.1%, when compared with 2016. 

Corporate

Corporate costs in 2017 were $13.7 million, a decrease of $3.2 million, or 15.1%, when compared with 2016. The decrease 

was driven primarily by reduced costs associated with employee benefits and incentive compensation expense in 2017.

Comparison of Segment Results for the Years Ended December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015

SALES

Office

Studio

Coverings

Corporate

Knoll, Inc. 

OPERATING PROFIT

Office

Studio

Coverings

Corporate
Knoll, Inc. (1)

Year Ended December 31,

2016 vs. 2015

2016

2015
(Dollar in thousands)

$ Change

% Change

$

731,327

$

686,943

$

$

$

323,431

109,534

—

1,164,292

73,871

53,413

25,953

$

$

303,838

113,661

—

1,104,442

55,823

47,952

17,273

$

$

(16,929)

(19,938)

44,384

19,593

(4,127)

—

59,850

18,048

5,461

8,680

3,009

$

136,308

$

101,110

$

35,198

6.5 %

6.4 %

(3.6)%

— %

5.4 %

32.3 %

11.4 %

50.3 %

15.1 %

34.8 %

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1) The Company does not allocate interest expense or other (income) expense, net to the reportable segments.

Office

Net sales for the Office segment in 2016 were $731.3 million, an increase of $44.4 million, or 6.5%, when compared 
with 2015. This increase in the Office segment for the year was led by continued growth in our core systems portfolio, as well 
as increases in complementary products. Operating profit for the Office segment in 2016 was $73.9 million, an increase of $18.0 
million, or 32.3%, when compared with 2015. The increase in operating profit was driven by continuous improvement efficiencies 
and leveraging our fixed cost structure from higher volume. Operating profit for the Office segment in 2015 includes a $0.9 
million seating product discontinuation charge and $0.5 million restructuring charges. 

Studio

Net sales for the Studio segment in 2016 were $323.4 million, an increase of $19.6 million, or 6.4%, when compared 
with 2015. The increase in the Studio segment was driven by higher sales at KnollStudio in North America and by our European 
business unit. Operating profit for the Studio segment in 2016 was $53.4 million, an increase of $5.5 million, or 11.4%, when 
compared with 2015. The increase in operating profit was driven by increased sales volume and net price realization. Operating 
profit for the Studio segment in 2015 includes a $0.4 million restructuring charge. 

31

 
Coverings

Net sales for the Coverings segment in 2016 were $109.5 million, a decrease of $4.1 million, or 3.6%, when compared 
with 2015. Continued year-over-year growth in Spinneybeck | FilzFelt sales was offset by lower volume at KnollTextiles and 
Edelman. Operating profit for the Coverings segment in 2016 was $26.0 million, an increase of $8.7 million, or 50.3%, when 
compared with 2015. Operating profit for the Coverings segment in 2015 includes a $10.7 intangible asset impairment charge. 

Corporate

Corporate costs in 2016 were $16.9 million, a decrease of $3.0 million, or 15.1%, when compared with 2015. The decrease 
was driven primarily by the full year pension benefits recognized in 2016 as a result of our 2015 pension curtailment actions, 
partially offset by higher salary expense related to additional headcount.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table highlights certain key cash flows and capital information pertinent to the discussion that follows:

Cash provided by operating activities

Capital expenditures, net

Purchase of businesses, net of cash acquired

Cash used in investing activities

Purchase of common stock for treasury

Proceeds from credit facilities

Repayment of credit facilities

Payment of dividends

Proceeds from issuance of common stock

Cash (used in) provided by financing activities

2017

2016

2015

(in thousands)

$

103,734

$

104,295

$

(40,587)

—

(40,587)

(10,950)

310,000

(338,000)

(30,193)

601

(74,542)

(40,105)

(18,456)

(58,561)

(5,464)

377,500

(379,500)

(29,217)

2,847

38,834

88,854

(41,901)

(93,349)

29,610

8,725

309,000

345,000

24,364

5,756

57,265

We have historically funded our business through cash generated from operations, supplemented by debt borrowings. 
Available cash is primarily used for our working capital needs, ongoing operations, capital expenditures, the payment of quarterly 
dividends, and the repurchase of shares. Our investment in capital expenditures shows our commitment to improving our operating 
efficiency, innovation and modernization, showroom investment, new product tooling, manufacturing equipment and technology 
infrastructure. During 2017, we made annual dividend payments of $0.60 per share, returning $29.0 million of cash to our 
shareholders. In addition to our quarterly dividend payments, we also paid accrued dividends on vested shares of $1.1 million.

Cash provided by operating activities was $103.7 million, $104.3 million, and $88.9 million in 2017, 2016 and 2015, 
respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2017, cash provided by operating activities consisted primarily of $80.2 million 
of net income and $38.0 million of various non-cash charges, including $26.6 million of depreciation and amortization, a $16.3 
million asset impairment charge, and $9.6 million of stock based compensation, offset by $14.5 million of unfavorable changes 
in assets and liabilities primarily driven by $26.6 million benefit in current and deferred income taxes as a result of the 2017 
Tax Cut and Jobs Act. For the year ended December 31, 2016, cash provided by operating activities consisted primarily of $82.1 
million  of  net  income  and  $69.0  million  of  various  non-cash  charges,  including  $26.0  million  of  deferred  taxes  driven  by 
discretionary pension funding, $23.0 million of depreciation and amortization, and $10.5 million of stock based compensation, 
offset  by  $46.8  million  of  unfavorable  changes  in  assets  and  liabilities  primarily  driven  by  our  discretionary  pension  plan 
contribution during the year of $53.2 million. 

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we used $40.6 million of cash for capital expenditures. During 2016, we used 
$40.1  million  and  $18.5  million  of  cash  for  capital  expenditures  and  the  purchase  of  businesses,  respectively. The  capital 
expenditures are reflective of our commitment to enhance and modernize our sales, manufacturing and information technology 
infrastructure. Acquisitions are reflective of our strategy of building our global capabilities as a singular resource for high-design 
workplaces and homes.  

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we used cash of $30.2 million to fund dividend payments to shareholders, $10.9 
million for share repurchases associated with the repurchase of shares used to offset the cost of employee tax withholdings, and 
$6.0 million of a contingent purchase price payment related to an earn-out for the HOLLY HUNT acquisition in 2014. For the 
year ended December 31, 2016 we used cash of $29.2 million to fund dividend payments to shareholders, $5.5 million for share 
repurchases associated with the repurchase of shares used to offset the cost of employee tax withholdings, and $5.0 million of 
a contingent purchase price payment related to the earn-out for the HOLLY HUNT acquisition.

32

 
As of December 31, 2017, we were in compliance with all covenants and conditions in our Existing Credit Facility and 
are currently in compliance with all covenants and conditions under our Amended Credit Agreement. We believe that existing 
cash balances and internally generated cash flows, together with borrowings available under our credit facility, will be sufficient 
to fund working capital needs, capital spending requirements, debt service requirements and dividend payments for at least the 
next twelve months. Future debt payments may be paid out of cash flows from operations, from future refinancing of our debt 
or from equity issuance.

On January 23, 2018, we amended and extended our Existing Credit Facility, dated May 20, 2014, with a new $750.0 
million credit facility maturing on January 23, 2023. We use our credit facility in the ordinary course of business to fund our 
working capital needs and, at times, make significant borrowings and repayments under the facility depending on our cash needs 
and availability at such time. Borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement may be repaid at any time, but no later than 
January 23, 2023.

The Amended  Credit Agreement  requires  that  we  comply  with  two  financial  covenants,  consolidated  leverage  ratio, 
defined as the ratio of total indebtedness to consolidated EBITDA (as defined in our credit agreement) and consolidated interest 
coverage ratio, defined as the ratio of our consolidated EBITDA (as defined in our credit agreement) to our consolidated interest 
expense. Our consolidated leverage ratio cannot exceed 4.25 to 1, an increase from our Existing Credit Facility at December 31, 
2017 of 4.0 to 1, and our consolidated interest coverage ratio must be a minimum of 3.0 to 1. However, because of the financial 
covenant mentioned above, our capacity under our credit facility could be reduced if our trailing consolidated EBITDA (as 
defined by our credit agreement) declines due to deteriorating market conditions or poor performance. We are also required to 
comply with various other affirmative and negative covenants including, without limitation, covenants that prevent or restrict 
our  ability  to  pay  dividends,  engage  in  certain  mergers  or  acquisitions,  make  certain  investments  or  loans,  incur  future 
indebtedness,  engage  in  sale-leaseback  transactions,  alter  our  capital  structure  or  line  of  business,  prepay  subordinated 
indebtedness, engage in certain transactions with affiliates and sell stock or assets.

Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes our contractual cash obligations as of December 31, 2017 (in thousands):

Long-term debt (a)

Operating leases

Purchase commitments

Pension and other post-employment benefit plan

obligations (b)

Other liabilities (c)

Total *

Payments Due by Period

Less than
1 year

1 to 3
years

3 to 5
years

More than
5 years

Total

$

11,920

$

188,456

$

— $

— $

26,744

2,566

231

1,100

37,817

131

—

—

22,487

26,537

—

—

—

—

—

—

200,376

113,585

2,697

231

1,100

$

42,561

$

226,404

$

22,487

$

26,537

$

317,989

_______________________________________________________________________________

(a) Contractual obligations for long-term debt and short-term borrowings include principal and interest payments. Interest payments have been 
computed based on an estimated variable interest as of December 31, 2017. The estimated variable interest rate is based on the company's 
expected consolidated leverage ratio and the forecasted LIBOR rate for each period presented. The computation of interest, as included 
in the above table, is based on our Existing Credit Facility. See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 21, Subsequent events, 
for information related to the Amended Credit Agreement entered into in January 2018.

(b) Due to the uncertainty of future cash outflows, contributions to the pension and other post-employment benefit plans subsequent to 2018 

have been excluded from the table above.

(c) Other liabilities consists of contingent payouts due to DatesWeiser, which is based on the future performance of the businesses.

* Due to the uncertainty of future cash outflows, uncertain tax positions have been excluded from the table above.

33

 
 
Environmental Matters

Our past and present business operations and the past and present ownership and operation of manufacturing plants on 
real property are subject to extensive and changing federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations, including 
those relating to discharges to air, water and land, the handling and disposal of solid and hazardous waste and the cleanup of 
properties  affected  by  hazardous  substances. As  a  result,  we  are  involved  from  time-to-time  in  administrative  and  judicial 
proceedings and inquiries relating to environmental matters and could become subject to fines or penalties related thereto. We 
cannot predict what environmental legislation or regulations will be enacted in the future, how existing or future laws or regulations 
will be administered or interpreted or what environmental conditions may be found to exist. Compliance with more stringent 
laws or regulations, or stricter interpretation of existing laws, may require additional expenditures by us, some of which may 
be material. We have been identified as a potentially responsible party pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, 
Compensation  and  Liability Act  of  1980  (“CERCLA”)  for  remediation  costs  associated  with  waste  disposal  sites  that  we 
previously used. The remediation costs and our allocated share at some of these CERCLA sites are unknown. We may also be 
subject to claims for personal injury or contribution relating to CERCLA sites. We reserve amounts for such matters when 
expenditures are probable and reasonably estimable.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not currently have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often 
referred to as structured finance or special-purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating 
off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. In addition, we do not engage in trading 
activities involving non-exchange-traded contracts. As a result, we are not materially exposed to any financing, liquidity, market 
or credit risk that could arise if we had engaged in these relationships.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in 
the U.S. (“GAAP”) requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the consolidated financial 
statements  and  accompanying  notes. Actual  results  may  differ  from  such  estimates. We  believe  that  the  critical  accounting 
policies that follow are those policies that require the most judgment, estimation and assumption in preparing our consolidated 
financial statements.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our clients and dealers 
to make required payments. The allowance is determined through an analysis of the aging of accounts receivable and assessments 
of risk that are based on historical trends. We evaluate the past-due status of our trade receivables based on contractual terms of 
sale. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, additional allowances may be required. Accounts receivable 
are charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts when we determine that the likelihood of recovery is remote, and we 
no longer intend to expend resources to attempt collection.

Inventory

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method. We reserve 
inventory that, in our judgment, is impaired or obsolete. Obsolescence may be caused by the discontinuance of a product line, 
changes in product material specifications, replacement products in the marketplace and other competitive influences.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

We record the excess of purchase price over the fair value of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired as 
goodwill. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are tested for impairment at least annually, as of October 1, and 
whenever events or circumstances occur indicating that a possible impairment may have been incurred. Intangible assets with 
finite lives are amortized over their useful lives. 

We assess whether goodwill impairment exists using both the qualitative and quantitative assessments. The qualitative 
assessment involves determining whether events or circumstances exist that indicate it is more likely than not that the fair value 
of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. If based on this qualitative assessment we determine it 
is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount or if we elect not to perform a 
qualitative assessment, a quantitative assessment is performed to determine whether a goodwill impairment exists at the reporting 
unit. 

We compare the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value and if the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds 
its carrying value, goodwill is not impaired and no further testing is required. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than 
the carrying value, the difference is recorded as an impairment loss. 

34

We estimate the fair value of its reporting units using a combination of the fair values derived from both the income 
approach and the market approach. Under the income approach, we calculate the fair value of a reporting unit based on the 
present value of estimated future cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on our estimates of revenue growth rates and 
operating margins, taking into consideration industry and market conditions. The discount rate used to determine the present 
value of future cash flows is based on the weighted-average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with business-
specific characteristics and the uncertainty related to the business's ability to execute on the projected cash flows. The market 
approach estimates fair value based on market multiples of revenue and earnings derived from comparable publicly-traded 
companies with similar operating and investment characteristics as the reporting unit. 

We  assess  whether  indefinite-lived  intangible  assets  impairment  exists  using  both  the  qualitative  and  quantitative 
assessments. The qualitative assessment involves determining whether events or circumstances exist that indicate it is more 
likely than not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount. If based on this qualitative 
assessment, we determine it is more likely than not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its 
carrying amount or if we elect not to perform a qualitative assessment, a quantitative assessment is performed to determine 
whether an indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment exists. We test the indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment by 
comparing the carrying value to the fair value based on current revenue projections of the related operations, under the relief 
from royalty method. Any excess of the carrying value over the amount of fair value is recognized as an impairment. Any such 
impairment would be recognized in full in the reporting period in which it has been identified.

Based on the results of the annual impairment test as of October 1, 2017, we determined there were no indications of 

impairment for goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets. 

Business Combinations

The purchase price of an acquired company is allocated between tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed from the acquired business based on their estimated fair values with the residual of the purchase price recorded as 
goodwill. The results of operations of the acquired businesses are included in our operating results from the dates of acquisition.

Warranty

We generally offer a warranty for our products. The specific terms and conditions of those warranties vary depending 
upon the product. We estimate the costs that may be incurred under our warranties and record a liability in the amount of such 
costs  at  the  time  product  revenue  is  recognized.  Factors  that  affect  our  warranty  liability  include  historical  product-failure 
experience and estimated repair costs for identified matters. We periodically assess the adequacy of our recorded warranty 
liabilities and adjust the amounts as necessary. 

Pension and Other Post-Employment Benefits

We sponsor two defined benefit pension plans and two other post-employment benefit plans (“OPEB”). Several statistical 
and other factors, which attempt to anticipate future events, are used in calculating the expense and liability related to the plans. 
Key factors include assumptions about the expected rates of return on plan assets, discount rates, and health care cost trend rates. 
We  consider  market  and  regulatory  conditions,  including  changes  in  investment  returns  and  interest  rates,  in  making  these 
assumptions.

We determine the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets based on aggregating the expected rates of return for 
each component of the plan's asset mix. We use historic plan asset returns combined with current market conditions to estimate 
the rate of return. The expected rate of return on plan assets is a long-term assumption and generally does not change annually. 
The discount rate reflects the market rate for high-quality fixed income debt instruments as of our annual measurement date and 
is subject to change each year. Holding all other assumptions constant, a one-percentage-point increase or decrease in the assumed 
rate of return on plan assets would decrease or increase 2017 net periodic pension expense by approximately $2.6 million. 
Likewise, a one-percentage-point increase or decrease in the discount rate would increase or decrease 2017 net periodic pension 
expense by approximately $0.6 million or $1.2 million, respectively.

Unrecognized actuarial gains and losses are recognized over the expected remaining lifetime of the plan participants. 
Unrecognized actuarial gains and losses arise from several factors, including experience and assumption changes with respect 
to the obligations and from the difference between expected returns and actual returns on plan assets. These unrecognized gains 
and losses are systematically recognized as a change in future net periodic pension expense in accordance with the appropriate 
accounting guidance relating to defined benefit pension and OPEB plans.

35

As of December 31, 2015, we changed the method used to estimate the interest cost component of net periodic benefit 
cost for pension and other post-employment benefits. This change resulted in a decrease in the interest cost component for 2016, 
compared to the previous method. Historically, we estimated the interest cost component utilizing a single weighted-average 
discount rate derived from the yield curve used to measure the benefit obligation at the beginning of the period. We have elected 
to utilize a full yield curve approach in the estimation of this component by applying the specific spot rates along the yield curve 
used in the determination of the benefit obligation to the relevant projected cash flows. We have made this change to provide a 
more precise measurement of interest cost by improving the correlation between projected benefit cash flows to the corresponding 
spot yield curve rates. 

Key assumptions that we use in determining the amount of the obligation and expense recorded for OPEB, under the 
appropriate accounting guidance, include the assumed discount rate and the assumed rate of increases in future health care costs. 
In estimating the health care cost trend rate, we consider actual health care cost experience, future benefit structures, industry 
trends and advice from our actuaries. We assume that the relative increase in health care costs will generally trend downward 
over the next several years, reflecting assumed increases in efficiency and cost-containment initiatives in the health care system. 
For purposes of measuring the benefit obligation associated with the Company's OPEB plans as of December 31, 2017, as well 
as the assumed rate for 2018, a between 5.60 - 7.20% annual rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered health care benefits 
was assumed and a 10.10% annual rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered prescription drug benefits was assumed. 
The rate was then assumed to decrease to an ultimate rate of 4.50% for 2025 and thereafter for the medical plan and prescription 
drug plan and thereafter for the benefit obligation. Increasing the assumed health care cost trend by one-percentage-point in 
each year would increase the benefit obligation as of December 31, 2017 by $0.01 million and increase the aggregate of the 
service and interest cost components of net periodic benefit cost for 2017 by a minimal amount. Decreasing the assumed health 
care cost trend rate by one percentage point in each year would decrease the benefit obligation as of December 31, 2017 by 
approximately $0.01 million and decrease the aggregate of the service and interest cost components of net periodic benefit cost 
for 2017 by a minimal amount.

In accordance with the appropriate accounting guidance, we recognize in our consolidated balance sheet the funded status 
(i.e., the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligation) of our defined benefit pension and 
OPEB plans. To record the unfunded status of our plans, we recorded an additional liability and an adjustment to accumulated 
other comprehensive income, net of tax.

The actuarial assumptions we use in determining our pension and OPEB retirement benefits may differ materially from 
actual results due to changing market and economic conditions, higher or lower withdrawal rates, or longer or shorter life spans 
of participants. While we believe that the assumptions used are appropriate, differences in actual experience or changes in 
assumptions may materially affect our financial position or results of operations.

Commitments and Contingencies

We establish reserves for the estimated cost of environmental and legal contingencies when such expenditures are probable 
and reasonably estimable. A significant amount of judgment is required to estimate and quantify our ultimate exposure in these 
matters. We engage outside experts as deemed necessary or appropriate to assist in the evaluation of exposure. From time to 
time, as information becomes available regarding changes in circumstances for ongoing issues as well as information regarding 
emerging issues, our potential liability is reassessed and reserve balances are adjusted as necessary. Revisions to our estimates 
of potential liability, and actual expenditures related to commitments and contingencies, could have a material impact on our 
results of operations or financial position.

Taxes

We account for income taxes in accordance with the appropriate accounting guidance relating to income taxes, which 
requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be recognized using enacted tax rates for the effect of temporary differences 
between book and tax bases of recorded assets and liabilities. The appropriate accounting guidance also requires that deferred 
tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will 
not be recognized.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the 
“Tax Act”). The Tax Act makes broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code, including but not limited to reducing the U.S. 
federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%. The Tax Act requires judgments to be made in interpretation of the provisions of 
the Tax Act and significant estimates in the related calculations. The Department of Treasury, the Internal Revenue Service, and 
other standard-setting bodies have not implemented all relevant regulations or issued substantive guidance to-date; therefore, 
they  could  interpret  or  issue  guidance  on  how  provisions  of  the Tax Act  will  be  applied  that  is  different  from  our  current 
interpretation. 

36

Furthermore,  on  December  22,  2017,  SEC  staff  issued  Staff Accounting  Bulletin  No.  118,  Income  Tax  Accounting 
Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“SAB 118”) that allows registrants to record provisional amounts during a measurement 
period, which is not to extend beyond one year. Accordingly, amounts recorded may require further adjustments due to evolving 
analysis and interpretations of law and regulations, including interpretations of how accounting for income taxes should be 
applied. Consistent with SAB 118, we were able to make reasonable estimates and we have incorporated provisional amounts 
for the impact of the Tax Act.

At December 31, 2017, our deferred tax liabilities of $82.7 million exceeded deferred tax assets of $28.1 million by $54.5 
million. At  December 31,  2016,  deferred  tax  liabilities  of  $121.7 million  exceeded  deferred  tax  assets  of  $44.9 million  by 
$77.0 million. The decrease in deferred tax liabilities is primarily related to the impact of the Tax Act, resulting in a $26.6 million 
impact on our deferred tax balances in the fourth quarter of 2017.

Our  deferred  tax  assets  at  December 31,  2017  and  2016  of  $28.1  million  and  $44.9 million,  respectively,  are  net  of 
valuation allowances of $4.8 million and $6.2 million, respectively. We have recorded the valuation allowance primarily for net 
operating loss carryforwards in foreign tax jurisdictions where we have incurred historical tax losses from operations or acquired 
tax losses through acquisition, and have determined that it is more likely than not that these deferred tax assets will not be 
realized.

We evaluate on an ongoing basis the realizability of our deferred tax assets and adjust the amount of the allowance, if 
necessary. The factors used to assess the likelihood of realization include our forecast of future taxable income and our assessment 
of available tax planning strategies that could be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets.

We account for uncertain tax positions in accordance with the applicable accounting guidance relating to uncertainty in 
income taxes. Accordingly, we report a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken, or 
expected to be taken, in an income tax return. We recognize interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits 
in income tax expense.

Derivative Financial Instruments

From time to time, we enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts and foreign currency option contracts to 

manage our exposure to foreign exchange rates. The terms of these contracts are less than a year.

We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. We recognize derivatives as 
either assets or liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet and measures those instruments at fair value. Changes 
in the fair value of such contracts are reported in earnings as a component of “Other (income) expense, net.”

Stock-Based Compensation

We measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-
date  fair  value  of  the  award.  We  recognize  compensation  expense  using  the  straight-line  method  over  the  vesting  period. 
Compensation expense relating to restricted stock units that are subject to performance conditions is recognized if it is probable 
that the performance condition will be achieved. Forfeitures are recognized when they occur.

Stock Options

The fair value of stock options is estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which 
requires management to make certain assumptions of future expectations based on historical and current data. The assumptions 
include  the  expected  term  of  the  options,  risk-free  interest  rate,  expected  volatility,  and  dividend  yield. The  expected  term 
represents the expected amount of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding, based on historical and forecasted 
exercise behavior. The risk-free rate is based on the rate at grant date of zero-coupon U.S. Treasury Notes with a term equal to 
the expected term of the option. Expected volatility is estimated based on the historical volatility of our stock price. Our dividend 
yield is based on historical data. 

Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units

The fair value of restricted stock and restricted stock units, excluding market-based restricted stock units is based upon 

the closing market price of our common stock on the date of grant. 

The fair value of the market-based restricted stock units is estimated at the date of grant using a Monte Carlo simulation 
model, which requires management to make certain assumptions based on both historical and current data. These awards vest 
based upon the performance of our stock price relative to a peer group. The assumptions included in the model include, but are 
not limited to, risk-free interest rate, expected volatility of our and the peer group's stock prices, and dividend yield. The risk-
free rate is based upon the applicable U.S. Treasury Note rate. Expected volatility is estimated based on the historical volatility 
of our stock prices. The dividend yield is based on our historical data. 

37

ITEM 7A.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

During the normal course of business, we are routinely subjected to market risk associated with interest rate movements 
and foreign currency exchange rate movements. Interest rate risk arises from our debt obligations. Foreign currency exchange 
rate risk arises from our non-U.S. operations and purchases of inventory from foreign suppliers.

We also have risk in our exposure to certain materials and transportation costs. Steel, leather, wood products and plastics 
are all used in our products. For the year ended December 31, 2017, we estimated that materials inflation was approximately 
$6.7  million  and  transportation  inflation  was  approximately  $1.0  million.  During  2016,  we  estimated  that  materials  and 
transportation inflation were approximately $0.7 million and $0.1 million, respectively. We continue to work to offset price 
increases in raw materials and transportation through our global sourcing initiatives, cost improvements and price increases to 
our products.

Interest Rate Risk

We have variable rate debt obligations that are denominated in U.S. dollars. A change in interest rates will impact the 
interest costs incurred and cash paid on the variable rate debt. During 2017 and 2016, our weighted average interest rates were 
approximately 2.4% and 2.0%, respectively.

The following table summarizes our market risks associated with our debt obligations as of December 31, 2017. For debt 
obligations, the table presents principal cash flows and related average interest rates by year of maturity. Variable interest rates 
presented for variable-rate debt represent the average interest rates on our credit facility borrowings as of December 31, 2017.

2018

2019

2020

2021

Thereafter

Total

(in thousands)

Rate-Sensitive Liabilities

Long-term Debt:

Variable Rate Debt (a)

Variable Interest Rate

$

11,920

$ 157,521

$

3.11%

3.58%

— $

—%

— $

—%

— $ 169,441

—%

3.35%

(a)  See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Footnote 21. Subsequent events for information related to the Amended Credit Agreement entered 

into in January 2018.

The fair value of the Company's long-term debt approximates its carrying value, as the variable rate debt and the associated 

terms are comparable to market terms as of the balance sheet date.

For each period presented, the average interest rate is based on an estimated variable interest rate as of December 31, 
2017. The estimated variable interest rate is based on the Company's expected consolidated leverage ratio, and the forecasted 
LIBOR rate and commitment fees for each period presented. The computation of interest, as included in the above table, is based 
on our Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated May 20, 2014.

An increase in our effective interest rate of 1% would increase annual interest expense by approximately $1.9 million. 
We will continue to review our exposure to interest rate fluctuations and evaluate whether we should manage such exposure 
through derivative transactions.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

We manufacture our products in the United States, Canada and Italy, and sell our products primarily in those markets as 
well as in other European countries. Our foreign sales and certain expenses are transacted in foreign currencies. Our production 
costs, profit margins and competitive position are affected by the strength of the currencies in countries where we manufacture 
or purchase goods relative to the strength of the currencies in countries where our products are sold. Additionally, as our reporting 
currency is the U.S. dollar, our financial position is affected by the strength of the currencies in countries where we have operations 
relative to the strength of the U.S. dollar. The principal foreign currencies in which we conduct business are the Canadian dollar 
and the Euro. Approximately 12.6% and 11.4% of our revenues in 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 25.9% and 26.6% of our 
cost of goods sold in 2017 and 2016, respectively, were denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Foreign currency 
exchange rate fluctuations resulted in $1.8 million of translation losses and $3.7 million of translation losses for 2017 and 2016, 
respectively.

From time to time, we enter into foreign currency hedges to manage our exposure to foreign exchange rates. The terms 
of these contracts are typically less than a year. Changes in the fair value of such contracts are reported in earnings in the period 
the value of the contract changes. The net gain or loss upon settlement and the change in fair value of outstanding contracts is 
recorded as a component of other expense (income).

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 8.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Knoll, Inc.  

Opinion on the Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Knoll, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2017
and 2016, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, equity and cash flows for each of the 
three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at 
Item  15(a)  (collectively  referred  to  as  the  “consolidated  financial  statements”).  In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial 
statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2017 and 2016, and 
the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, in conformity 
with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established 
in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 
(2013 framework) and our report dated February 27, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion 
on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and 
are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable 
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether 
due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial 
statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included 
examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included 
evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall 
presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

We have served as the Company‘s auditor since 1996.

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
February 27, 2018 

39

 
KNOLL, INC. 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

ASSETS
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

Customer receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $4,039 and $8,059,

respectively

Inventories

Prepaid expenses

Other current assets

Total current assets

Property, plant, and equipment, net

Goodwill

Intangible assets, net

Other noncurrent assets
Total Assets
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:

Current maturities of long-term debt

Accounts payable

Other current liabilities

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt

Deferred income taxes

Post-employment benefits other than pensions

Pension liability

Other noncurrent liabilities

Total liabilities

Commitments and contingent liabilities

Equity:

Common stock, $0.01 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 65,460,014 shares issued 
and 49,339,552 shares outstanding (including 841,610 non-voting restricted shares and net 
of  16,120,462  treasury  shares)  at  December  31,  2017  and  64,741,648  shares  issued  and 
49,096,290 shares outstanding (including 993,962 non-voting restricted shares and net of 
15,645,358 treasury shares) at December 31, 2016

Additional paid-in capital

Retained earnings

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total Knoll, Inc. stockholders' equity

Noncontrolling interests

Total equity

Total Liabilities and Equity

December 31,
2017

December 31,
2016

$

2,203

$

9,854

86,687

144,945

29,272

15,163

278,270

200,630

142,113

238,581

1,447

84,425

142,072

27,461

12,996

276,808

197,084

141,391

241,870

1,460

$

$

861,041

$

858,613

10,000

$

108,922

104,158

223,080

181,048

54,671

3,575

21,671

18,267

10,000

97,518

114,855

222,373

208,383

76,854

5,124

17,428

18,982

502,312

549,144

493

54,455

347,304
(43,774)
358,478

251

358,729

$

861,041

$

491

55,148

297,011
(43,403)
309,247

222

309,469

858,613

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

KNOLL, INC. 

Sales

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Selling, general, and administrative expenses

Restructuring charges

Write-off of property, plant, and equipment

Intangible asset impairment charge

Pension settlement charge

Operating profit

Interest expense

Other expense (income), net

Income before income tax expense

Income tax (benefit) expense, net

Net earnings

Net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

Net earnings attributable to Knoll, Inc. stockholders

Net earnings per common share attributable to Knoll, Inc. stockholders:

Basic

Diluted

Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:

Basic

Diluted

Net earnings

Years ended December 31,

2017
$ 1,132,892

2016
$ 1,164,292

2015
$ 1,104,442

718,313

414,579

305,992

2,150

16,306

—

2,162

87,969

7,483

1,894

78,592
(1,600)
80,192
29

718,316

445,976

309,668

—

—

—

—

136,308

5,405

3,365

127,538

45,424

82,114
30

80,163

$

82,084

$

692,310

412,132

299,476

896

—

10,650

—

101,110

6,865
(9,174)
103,419

37,471

65,948
(15)
65,963

1.66

1.63

$

$

1.71

1.68

$

$

1.38

1.36

$

$

$

48,422,558

48,093,294

47,746,707

49,160,492

48,919,108

48,438,231

$

80,192

$

82,114

$

65,948

Other comprehensive income (loss):

Pension and other post-employment liability adjustment, net of tax

Foreign currency translation adjustment

Total other comprehensive (loss), net of tax

Total comprehensive income

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

(5,239)
4,868
(371)
79,821

29

(6,573)
488
(6,085)
76,029

30

Comprehensive income attributable to Knoll, Inc. stockholders

$

79,792

$

75,999

$

11,945
(16,581)
(4,636)
61,312
(15)
61,327

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KNOLL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

Common
Stock

Additional
Paid-In
Capital

Retained
Earnings

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)

Total
Knoll, Inc.
Stockholders'
Equity

Noncontrolling
Interests

Total
Equity

Balance at December 31, 2014

$

487

$

41,143

$

204,063

$

(32,682) $

213,011

$

207

$ 213,218

Net earnings

Other comprehensive loss

Shares issued for consideration:

Exercise of stock options

Income tax effect from the
exercise of stock options and
vesting of equity awards

Shares issued under stock
incentive plan

Shares issued to Board of
Directors in lieu of cash

Stock-based compensation

Cash dividend ($0.51 per share)

—

—

4

—

1

—

—

—

—

—

5,652

826

(1)

100

8,166

—

Purchase of common stock

(4)

(8,721)

65,963

—

—

—

—

—

—

(25,079)

—

—

(4,636)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

65,963

(4,636)

5,656

826

—

100

8,166

(25,079)

(8,725)

(15)

—

65,948

(4,636)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

5,656

826

—

100

8,166

(25,079)

(8,725)

Balance at December 31, 2015

$

488

$

47,165

$

244,947

$

(37,318) $

255,282

$

192

$ 255,474

Net earnings

Other comprehensive loss

Shares issued for consideration:

Exercise of stock options

Shares issued under stock
incentive plan

Shares issued to Board of
Directors in lieu of cash

Stock-based compensation

Cash dividend ($0.60 per share)

Purchase of common stock

—

—

2

3

—

—

—

(2)

—

—

2,770

(3)

75

10,603

—

(5,462)

82,084

—

—

—

—

(134)

(29,886)

—

—

(6,085)

—

—

—

—

—

—

82,084

(6,085)

2,772

—

75

10,469

(29,886)

(5,464)

30

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

82,114

(6,085)

2,772

—

75

10,469

(29,886)

(5,464)

Balance at December 31, 2016

$

491

$

55,148

$

297,011

$

(43,403) $

309,247

$

222

$ 309,469

Net earnings

Other comprehensive loss

Shares issued for consideration:

Exercise of stock options

Shares issued under stock 
incentive plan

Shares issued to Board of 
Directors in lieu of cash

Stock-based compensation

Cash dividend ($0.60 per share)

Purchase of common stock

—

—

—

7

—

(1)

—

(4)

—

—

472

(3)

125

9,659

—

(10,946)

80,163

—

—

—

—

—

(29,870)

—

—

(371)

80,163

(371)

—

—

—

—

—

—

472

4

125

9,658

(29,870)

(10,950)

29

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

80,192

(371)

472

4

125

9,658

(29,870)

(10,950)

Balance at December 31, 2017

$

493

$

54,455

$

347,304

$

(43,774) $

358,478

$

251

$ 358,729

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

42

KNOLL, INC. 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(dollars in thousands)

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net earnings
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation
Amortization expense (including deferred financing fees)
Provision for deferred taxes
Inventory obsolescence
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Unrealized foreign currency losses (gains)
Stock-based compensation
Intangible asset impairment charge
Non-cash write-off of property, plant and equipment
Bad debt and customer claims
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:

Customer receivables
Inventories
Accounts payable
Current income taxes
Prepaid and other current assets
Other current liabilities
Other noncurrent assets and liabilities

Cash provided by operating activities
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Capital expenditures
Purchase of businesses, net of cash acquired
Cash used in investing activities
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from credit facility
Repayment of credit facility
Payment of financing fees
Payment of dividends
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock
Purchase of common stock for treasury
Contingent purchase price payment
Tax benefit from the exercise of stock options and vesting of equity awards
Cash used in financing activities
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest

Years Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

80,192

$

82,114

$

65,948

22,749
3,954
(19,634)
1,882
212
1,297
9,658
—
16,306
1,616

(5,500)
(4,045)
12,120
(7,011)
(3,350)
(4,813)
(1,899)
103,734

(40,587)
—
(40,587)

310,000
(338,000)
—
(30,193)
601
(10,950)
(6,000)
—
(74,542)
3,744
(7,651)
9,854
2,203

$

19,071
3,954
26,016
2,376
5
827
10,469
—
—
6,303

26,591
(2,157)
4,591
(6,871)
(13,815)
(3,430)
(51,749)
104,295

(40,105)
(18,456)
(58,561)

377,500
(379,500)
—
(29,217)
2,847
(5,464)
(5,000)
—
(38,834)
(1,238)
5,662
4,192
9,854

17,364
3,915
158
2,656
1,229
(8,789)
8,166
10,650
—
1,477

(4,292)
(4,481)
(26,253)
675
(5,425)
22,937
2,919
88,854

(29,610)
—
(29,610)

309,000
(345,000)
(10)
(24,364)
5,756
(8,725)
(5,000)
826
(67,517)
(6,556)
(14,829)
19,021
4,192

$

7,605

$

5,228

$

6,168

$

$

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

43

 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

1. DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Description of the Business

Knoll, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company” or “Knoll”) are engaged in the design, manufacture, market and sale of 
high-end furniture products and accessories, for both workplace and residential markets, as well as modern outdoor furniture. 
The Company is also engaged in the sale of fine leather, textiles, and felt, focusing on the middle to high-end segments of the 
market. The Company primarily operates in the United States (“U.S.”), Canada and Europe, and sells its products primarily 
through a broad network of independent dealers and distribution partners, through a direct sales force, through its showrooms, 
and online.

Basis of Presentation

The Company follows accounting standards set by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). The FASB 
establishes  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  (“GAAP”).  Rules  and  interpretive  releases  of  the 
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP 
for SEC registrants, which the Company is required to follow. References to GAAP issued by the FASB in these footnotes are 
to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), which serves as a single source of authoritative non-SEC accounting 
and reporting standards to be applied by non-governmental entities. All amounts are presented in U.S. dollars, unless otherwise 
noted.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation

The  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  Company  include  the  accounts  of  the  Company  and  its  wholly  owned 
subsidiaries  and  any  partially  owned  subsidiaries  that  the  Company  has  the  ability  to  control.  Significant  intercompany 
transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

The results of the Company's European subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements, and are presented 
on a one-month lag to allow for the timely preparation of consolidated financial information. The effect of this lag in presentation 
is not material to the consolidated financial statements.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates 
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results 
may differ from such estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at 

the date of purchase.

Revenue Recognition 

The Company recognizes revenue when performance obligations under the terms of a contract with our customer are 
satisfied. This occurs when the control of the goods and services have been transferred to the customer. Accordingly, revenue 
for sale of goods is typically recognized upon shipment or delivery depending on the shipping terms of the underlying contract. 
Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing 
services. The  amount  of  consideration  received  and  revenue  recognized  varies  with  changes  in  returns,  rebates,  cash  sales 
incentives and other allowances offered to customers based on the company's experience. The Company may receive deposits 
from customers before revenue is recognized, thus resulting in the recognition of a contract liability (customer deposits). Sales 
tax, value added tax, and other taxes that are collected concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. 

44

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for losses associated with accounts receivable balances that 
are estimated to be uncollectible. The allowance is determined through an analysis of the aging of accounts receivable and 
assessments of risk that are based on historical trends. The Company evaluates the past-due status of its customer receivables 
based on the contractual terms of sale. If the financial condition of the Company's customers were to deteriorate, additional 
allowances may be required. Accounts receivable and corresponding allowance for doubtful accounts are written off when the 
Company determines that the likelihood of recovery is remote and the Company no longer intends to expend resources to attempt 
collection. 

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method. 
The Company adjusts for inventory that it believes is impaired or obsolete. Obsolescence occurs as the result of several factors, 
including the discontinuance of a product line, changes in product material specifications, replacement products in the marketplace 
and other competitive influences.

Property, Plant, and Equipment

Property, plant, and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the 

straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The useful lives are as follows:

Category

Useful Life (in years)

Leasehold improvements (1)
Buildings

Office equipment

Software

Machinery and equipment

Various

45-60

3-10

3-10

4-12

(1) Useful lives for leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the economic lives or the term of the lease.

Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Interest on capital projects is capitalized during the construction period.

The Company reviews the carrying values of its property and equipment for possible impairment whenever events or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable based on undiscounted estimated 
cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. The factors considered by the Company in performing this 
assessment include current operating results, business trends affecting the use of certain assets and other economic factors. In 
assessing the recoverability of the carrying value of property and equipment, the Company must make assumptions regarding 
future cash flows and other factors. If these estimates or the related assumptions change in the future, the Company may be 
required to record an impairment loss for these assets.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The Company records the excess of purchase price over the fair value of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets 
acquired as goodwill. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are tested for impairment at least annually, as of 
October 1, and whenever events or circumstances occur indicating that a possible impairment may have been incurred. Intangible 
assets with finite lives are amortized over their useful lives. 

The Company assesses whether goodwill impairment exists using both the qualitative and quantitative assessments. The 
qualitative assessment involves determining whether events or circumstances exist that indicate it is more likely than not that 
the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. If based on this qualitative assessment the 
Company determines it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, or if the 
Company elects not to perform a qualitative assessment, a quantitative assessment is performed to determine whether a goodwill 
impairment exists at the reporting unit. 

In 2017, in accordance with ASU 2017-04, the Company conducted the goodwill impairment test using the simplified  
test. The Company compares the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. If the fair value of the reporting unit 
exceeds its carrying value, goodwill is not impaired and no further testing is required. If the fair value of the reporting unit is 
less than the carrying value, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the 
reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting 
unit. 

45

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

The Company estimates the fair value of its reporting units using a combination of the fair values derived from both the 
income approach and the market approach. Under the income approach, the Company calculates the fair value of a reporting 
unit based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on management's estimates of 
revenue growth rates and operating margins, taking into consideration industry and market conditions. The discount rate used 
is based on the weighted-average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with business-specific characteristics 
and the uncertainty related to the business's ability to execute on the projected cash flows. The market approach estimates fair 
value based on market multiples of revenue and earnings derived from comparable publicly-traded companies with similar 
operating and investment characteristics as the reporting unit. 

The  Company  assesses  whether  indefinite-lived  intangible  assets  impairment  exists  using  both  the  qualitative  and 
quantitative assessments. The qualitative assessment involves determining whether events or circumstances exist that indicate 
it is more likely than not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount. If based on 
this qualitative assessment, the Company determines it is more likely than not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible 
asset is less than its carrying amount or if the Company elects not to perform a qualitative assessment, a quantitative assessment 
is performed to determine whether an indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment exists. The Company tests the indefinite-lived 
intangible assets for impairment by comparing the carrying value to the fair value based on current revenue projections of the 
related operations, under the relief from royalty method. Any excess of the carrying value over the amount of fair value is 
recognized as an impairment. Any such impairment is recognized in the reporting period in which it has been identified.

Finite-lived intangible assets such as customer relationships, non-compete agreements, and licenses are amortized over 
their estimated useful lives. The Company reviews the carrying values of these assets for possible impairment whenever events 
or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable based on undiscounted estimated 
cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. The Company continually evaluates the reasonableness of 
the useful lives of these assets.

Business Combinations

The purchase price of an acquired company is allocated between tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed from the acquired business based on their estimated fair values, with the residual of the purchase price recorded as 
goodwill. The results of operations of the acquired business are included in the Company's operating results from the date of 
acquisition.

Deferred Financing Fees

Financing fees that are incurred by the Company in connection with the issuance of debt are deferred and amortized to 
interest expense over the life of the underlying indebtedness. Deferred financing fees are presented in the Company's consolidated 
balance sheets as a direct reduction from long-term debt.

Shipping and Handling

Amounts billed to clients for shipping and handling of products are classified as sales. Costs incurred by the Company 

for shipping and handling are classified as cost of sales.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred, and are included as a component of selling, general, and 
administrative expenses. Research and development expenses, were $19.2 million for 2017, $21.7 million for 2016, and $20.7 
million for 2015.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach, which requires deferred tax assets and 
liabilities be recognized using enacted tax rates to measure the effect of temporary differences between book and tax bases on 
recorded assets and liabilities. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets, if it is more likely than not some 
portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be recognized. The need to establish valuation allowances against deferred tax 
assets is assessed quarterly. The Company maintained a valuation allowance primarily for net operating loss carryforwards in 
foreign tax jurisdictions where the Company has incurred historical tax losses from operations or acquired tax losses through 
acquisitions, and has determined that it is more likely than not these deferred tax assets will not be recognized. The primary 
factors used to assess the likelihood of realization are forecasts of future taxable income and available tax planning strategies 
that could be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets.

46

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

The Company evaluates tax positions to determine whether the benefits of tax positions are more likely than not to be 
sustained upon audit based on the technical merits of the tax position. For tax positions that are more likely than not to be 
sustained upon audit, the Company recognizes the largest amount of the benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized 
upon ultimate settlement. For tax positions that are not more likely than not to be sustained upon audit, the Company does not 
recognize any portion of the benefit. If the more likely than not threshold is not met in the period for which a tax position is 
taken, the Company may subsequently recognize the benefit of that tax position if the tax matter is effectively settled, the statute 
of limitations expires, or if the more likely than not threshold is met in a subsequent period.

The Company recognizes tax-related interest and penalties in income tax expense and accrues for interest and penalties 

in other noncurrent liabilities.

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“Tax Act”), as signed by the President of the United States on December 22, 2017, 
significantly revises U.S. tax law. The law includes significant changes to the U.S. corporate income tax system, including a 
Federal  corporate  rate  reduction  from  35%  to  21%,  limitations  on  the  deductibility  of  interest  expense  and  executive 
compensation, and the transition of U.S. international taxation from a worldwide tax system to a territorial tax system. This 
change may result in a U.S. tax liability on those earnings which have not previously been repatriated to the U.S., with future 
foreign earnings potentially not subject to U.S. income taxes when repatriated. The Company is assessing the impact of the 
enacted tax law on its business and its consolidated financial statements and has recorded a provisional tax benefit of $26.6 
million primarily related to the remeasurement of its deferred tax assets and liabilities for the reduced federal tax rates and impact 
of the one-time transition tax during the period ending December 31, 2017.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company uses the following valuation techniques to measure fair value for its financial assets and financial liabilities:

Level 1

  Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2

  Inputs are quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in an active market, quoted prices for identical or similar 
assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable and market-
corroborated inputs which are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3

  Inputs  are  derived  from  valuation  techniques  in  which  one  or  more  significant  inputs  or  value  drivers  are 

unobservable.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between 
market participants at the measurement date. The Company and its subsidiaries use, as appropriate, a market approach (generally, 
data from market transactions), an income approach (generally, present value techniques and option-pricing models), and/or a 
cost  approach  (generally,  replacement  cost)  to  measure  the  fair  value  of  an  asset  or  liability.  These  valuation  approaches 
incorporate inputs such as observable, independent market data and/or unobservable data that management believes are predicated 
on the assumptions market participants would use to price an asset or liability. These inputs may incorporate, as applicable, 
certain risks such as nonperformance risk, which includes credit risk.

Commitments and Contingencies

The Company establishes reserves for the estimated cost of environmental, legal and other contingencies when such 
expenditures are probable and reasonably estimable. A significant amount of judgment is required to estimate and quantify the 
ultimate exposure in these matters. The Company engages outside experts as deemed necessary or appropriate to assist in the 
evaluation of exposure. From time to time, as information becomes available regarding changes in circumstances for ongoing 
issues as well as information regarding emerging issues, the potential liability is reassessed and reserve balances are adjusted 
as necessary. Revisions to the estimates of potential liability, and actual expenditures related to commitments and contingencies, 
could have a material impact on the results of operations or financial position.

Warranty

The Company generally offers an assurance-type warranty for its products. The specific terms and conditions of those 
warranties vary depending upon the product sold. The Company estimates the costs that may be incurred under its warranties 
and records a liability in the amount of such costs at the time product revenue is recognized. Factors that affect the Company's 
warranty liability include historical product-failure experience and estimated repair costs for identified matters. The Company 
regularly assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liabilities and adjusts the amounts as necessary.

47

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

Concentration of Credit Risk

The  Company's  accounts  receivables  are  comprised  primarily  of  amounts  due  from  independent  dealers  and  direct 
customers. The Company monitors and manages the credit risk associated with the individual dealers and direct customers. The 
independent dealers are responsible for assessing and assuming the credit risk of their customers, and may require their customers 
to provide deposits or other credit enhancement measures. Historically the Company has had a concentration of federal and local 
government receivables; however, they carry minimal credit risk.

Foreign Currency Translation

Results of foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars using average exchange rates during the year, while assets 
and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rates as of the balance sheet dates. The resulting translation 
adjustments are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

Transaction gains and losses resulting from exchange rate changes on transactions denominated in currencies other than 
the functional currency of the applicable subsidiary are included in the consolidated statements of operations, within other 
(income) expense, net, in the year in which the change occurs.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company measures the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on 
the grant-date fair value of the award. The Company recognizes compensation expense using the straight-line method over the 
vesting period.  Compensation expense relating to restricted stock units that are subject to performance conditions is recognized 
if it is probable that the performance condition will be achieved. Forfeitures are recognized when they occur.

Stock Options

The fair value of stock options is estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which 
requires management to make certain assumptions of future expectations based on historical and current data. The assumptions 
include  the  expected  term  of  the  options,  risk-free  interest  rate,  expected  volatility,  and  dividend  yield. The  expected  term 
represents the expected amount of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding, based on historical and forecasted 
exercise behavior. The risk-free rate is based on the rate at grant date of zero-coupon U.S. Treasury Notes with a term equal to 
the expected term of the option. Expected volatility is estimated based on the historical volatility of the Company's stock price. 
The Company's dividend yield is based on historical data. 

Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units

The fair value of restricted stock and restricted stock units, excluding market-based restricted stock units, is based upon 

the closing market price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant. 

The fair value of the market-based restricted stock units is estimated at the date of grant using a Monte Carlo simulation 
model, which requires management to make certain assumptions based on both historical and current data. These awards vest 
based upon the performance of the Company's stock price relative to a peer group. The assumptions included in the model 
include, but are not limited to, risk-free interest rate, expected volatility of the Company's and the peer group's stock prices, and 
dividend yield. The risk-free rate is based upon the applicable U.S. Treasury Note rate. Expected volatility is estimated based 
on the historical volatility of the companies' stock prices. The dividend yield is based on the Company's historical data. 

Pension and Other Post-Employment Benefits

The Company sponsors two defined benefit pension plans and two other post-employment benefit plans ("OPEB"). Several 
statistical and other factors, which attempt to anticipate future events, are used in calculating the expense and liability related 
to the plans. Key factors include assumptions about the expected rates of return on plan assets, discount rates, and health care 
cost trend rates. The Company considers market and regulatory conditions, including changes in investment returns and interest 
rates, in making these assumptions.

The Company determines the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets based on aggregating the expected rates 
of return for each component of the plan's asset mix. The Company uses historic plan asset returns combined with current market 
conditions to estimate the rate of return. The expected rate of return on plan assets is a long-term assumption and generally does 
not change annually. The discount rate reflects the market rate for high-quality fixed income debt instruments as of the Company's 
annual measurement date and is subject to change each year. 

48

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

Unrecognized actuarial gains and losses are recognized over the expected remaining lifetime of the plan participants. 
Unrecognized actuarial gains and losses arise from several factors, including experience and assumption changes with respect 
to the obligations of the pension and OPEB plans, and from the difference between expected returns and actual returns on plan 
assets. These unrecognized gains and losses are systematically recognized as a change in future net periodic pension expense 
in accordance with the appropriate accounting guidance relating to defined benefit pension and OPEB plans.

Key assumptions used in determining the amount of the obligation and expense recorded for the OPEB plans include the 
assumed discount rate and the assumed rate of increases in future health care costs. In estimating the health care cost trend rate, 
the Company considers actual health care cost experience, future benefit structures, industry trends and advice from its actuaries. 
The Company assumes that the relative increase in health care costs will generally trend downward over the next several years, 
reflecting assumed increases in efficiency and cost-containment initiatives in the health care system.

In accordance with the appropriate accounting guidance, the Company has recognized the funded status (i.e., the difference 
between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligation) of the defined benefit pension and OPEB plans in the 
consolidated balance sheets. To record the unfunded status of the plans, the Company recorded an additional liability and an 
adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax. Other changes in the benefit obligation including net actuarial 
loss (gain) and prior service cost (credit) are recognized in other comprehensive income.

The  actuarial  assumptions  the  Company  used  in  determining  the  pension  and  OPEB  retirement  benefits  may  differ 
materially from actual results due to changing market and economic conditions, higher or lower withdrawal rates, or longer or 
shorter life spans of participants. While the Company believes that the assumptions used are appropriate, differences in actual 
experience or changes in assumptions may materially affect the financial position or results of operations.

As of December 31, 2015, the Company changed the method it uses to estimate the interest cost component of net periodic 
benefit cost for pension and other post-employment benefits. This change resulted in a decrease in the interest cost component 
for 2016 and 2017, compared to the previous method. Historically, the Company estimated the interest cost component utilizing 
a single weighted-average discount rate derived from the yield curve used to measure the benefit obligation at the beginning of 
the period. The Company has elected to utilize a full yield curve approach in the estimation of this component by applying the 
specific spot rates along the yield curve used in the determination of the benefit obligation to the relevant projected cash flows. 
The Company has made this change to provide a more precise measurement of interest cost by improving the correlation between 
projected  benefit  cash  flows  to  the  corresponding  spot  yield  curve  rates. As  this  change  is  treated  as  a  change  in  estimate 
inseparable from a change in accounting principle, historical measurements of interest cost are not affected. This change in 
estimate reduced the Company's annual net periodic benefit expense in 2017 and 2016 by approximately $1.9 million and $2.7 
million, respectively. 

Segment Information

Accounting Standards Codification 280, Segment Reporting, defines that a segment for reporting purposes is based on 
the financial performance measures that are regularly reviewed by the “Chief Operating Decision Maker” to assess segment 
performance and to make decisions about a public entity's allocation of resources. Based on this guidance, the Company reports 
its segment results based on its reporting segments: Office, Studio, and Coverings. All unallocated expenses are included within 
Corporate.

The Office segment includes a complete range of workplace products that address diverse workplace planning paradigms. 
These products include: systems furniture, seating, storage, tables, desks and KnollExtra® accessories as well as the international 
sales of our North American Office products.

The Studio segment includes KnollStudio®, HOLLY HUNT®, Knoll Europe and DatesWeiser. KnollStudio products, 
include iconic seating, lounge furniture, side, cafe and dining chairs as well as conference, training and dining and occasional 
tables. HOLLY HUNT® is known for high quality residential furniture, lighting, rugs, textiles and leathers. Knoll Europe, which 
distributes both KnollStudio and Knoll Office products, manufactures and sells products to customers primarily in Europe. 
DatesWeiser, known for its sophisticated meeting and conference tables and credenzas, sets a standard for design, quality and 
technology integration.

The Coverings segment includes KnollTextiles®, Spinneybeck® (including Filzfelt®), and Edelman® Leather. These 

businesses provide a wide range of customers with high-quality fabrics, felt, leather and related architectural products.

49

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

Corporate costs represent the accumulation of unallocated costs relating to shared services and general corporate activities 
including, but not limited to, legal expenses, acquisition expenses, certain finance, human resources, administrative and executive 
expenses and other expenses that are not directly attributable to an operating segment. Dedicated, direct selling, general and 
administrative expenses of the segments are included within segment operating profit. Management regularly reviews the costs 
included in the Corporate function, and believes disclosing such information provides more visibility and transparency of how 
the chief operating decision maker reviews the results for the Company.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”, which outlines a single 
comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. This ASU supersedes 
the revenue recognition requirements in FASB ASC Topic 605, “Revenue Recognition,” and most industry-specific guidance.

The standard provides a five step model to be applied to all contracts with customers, with an underlying principle that 
an entity will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at an amount that the entity expects to 
be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after 
December 15, 2017 and interim periods therein. 

The Company has completed its assessment of the impact of the new standard and will adopt the new standard effective 
January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective transition method. The adoption of the new standard is not expected to have 
a material impact on the financial position of the Company, the results of its operations and its cash flows and the Company’s 
internal controls over financial reporting. The new standard further requires quantitative and qualitative disclosures about the 
Company’s contracts with customers. The Company will report the new disclosures required by the standard within the Form 
10-Q for the interim period ending March 31, 2018.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11 - Inventory (Topic 330), which amends existing guidance for measuring 
inventories. This amendment will require the Company to measure inventories recorded using the first-in, first-out method at 
the lower of cost and net realizable value. This amendment does not change the methodology for measuring inventories recorded 
using the last-in, first-out method. This amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company 
adopted this standard on January 1, 2017, and the impact on its consolidated financial statements was not material.

In February 2016, the FASB issued guidance codified in ASC 842, Leases, which supersedes the guidance in ASC 840, 
Leases. ASC 842 will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2019, and the Company will adopt the standard using the 
modified retrospective approach. While the Company continues to evaluate the provisions of ASC 842 to determine how it will 
be affected, the primary effect of adopting the new standard will be to record assets and obligations for current operating leases. 
The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption of the ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 - Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit 
Losses  on  Financial  Instruments.  ASU  2016-13  replaces  the  incurred  loss  impairment  methodology  for  measuring  and 
recognizing credit losses with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range 
of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. This amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning 
after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption of the ASU on its 
consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for 
Goodwill Impairment. ASU 2017-04 simplifies the accounting for goodwill impairment by removing the second step of the 
goodwill impairment test that requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. Under the new guidance, goodwill impairment 
will be measured and recognized as the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed 
the carrying amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The revised guidance does not affect the reporting entity’s ability 
to first assess qualitative factors by reporting unit to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill 
impairment test. The guidance is effective for goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The 
Company early adopted ASU 2017-04 in 2017. The adoption did not impact the consolidated financial statements.

In  March  2017,  the  FASB  issued ASU  2017-07,  Compensation-Retirement  Benefits  (Topic  715).  The  new  standard 
improves the presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. This ASU is effective for 
fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The new standard will 
require all components of the Company's net periodic benefit cost (income), with the exception of service cost, currently reported 
within selling, general and administrative expenses, to be reclassified and reported within other expense. The adoption of the 
standard will impact the Company's Statement of Operations by retrospectively reclassifying net periodic benefit income of $7.4 
million and $5.8 million in 2017 and 2016, respectively, from Selling, general and administrative to Other expense (income), 
net. 

50

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718). The new standard provides 
guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification 
accounting in Topic 718. Under the new guidance, an entity should account for the effects of a modification unless all of the 
following are met, (i) the fair value of the modified award is the same as the fair value of the original award, (ii) the vesting 
conditions of the modified award are the same as the original awards immediately before modification, and (iii) the classification 
of the modified award as an equity instrument or liability instrument is the same as the classification immediately prior to 
modification. The guidance is effective for annual periods and interim periods within those beginning after December 15, 2017. 
Early adoption is permitted for annual and interim periods with a prospective application to an award modified on or after the 
adoption date. The Company does not believe there will be a material impact to the financial statements as a result of adopting 
this ASU.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”) was signed into law. Subsequently the Securities and 
Exchange Commission staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”) which provides guidance regarding situations 
when a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable 
detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act. In accordance with the SAB 118, the Company 
has made a reasonable estimate of the effects on its existing deferred tax balances and the one-time transition tax. The ultimate 
impact of the Tax Act may differ from this estimate, possibly materially, due to changes in interpretations and assumptions, and 
guidance that may be issued and actions the Company may take in response to the Tax Act. The Tax Act is highly complex and 
the Company will continue to assess the impact that various provisions will have on the business and the consolidated financial 
statements.

3. ACQUISITIONS

On September 9, 2016, Holly Hunt Enterprises, Inc. (“HOLLY HUNT®”) completed the acquisition of Vladimir Kagan 
Design Group (“Vladimir Kagan”), known for its elegant, mid-century and contemporary designs. The aggregate purchase price 
for the acquisition was $8.5 million. The purchase price was funded from borrowings under the Company's revolving credit 
facility. The Company recorded the acquisition of Vladimir Kagan using the acquisition method of accounting and recognized 
the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their fair values as of the date of the acquisition. The results of operations of 
Vladimir Kagan have been included in the Company's Studio segment beginning September 9, 2016.

On December 1, 2016, the Company completed the acquisition of DatesWeiser Furniture Corporation (“DatesWeiser”), 
a designer and manufacturer of contemporary wood conference and meeting room furniture. The aggregate purchase price for 
the acquisition was $11.0 million, plus certain contingent payouts of up to $4.0 million in the aggregate based on the future 
performance of the business. The purchase price was funded from borrowings under the Company's revolving credit facility. 
The Company recorded the acquisition of DatesWeiser using the acquisition method of accounting and recognized the assets 
acquired and liabilities assumed at their fair values as of the date of the acquisition. The results of operations of DatesWeiser
have been included in the Company's Studio segment beginning December 1, 2016.

The  results  of Vladimir  Kagan  and  DatesWeiser  in  2016,  as  well  as  pro  forma  financial  information,  have  not  been 

presented as the financial impact of these acquisitions are not considered material for the year ended December 31, 2016.

4. RESTRICTED CASH

Included in the Company's consolidated balance sheets in cash and cash equivalents is restricted cash of $0.1 million as 
of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. This restricted cash primarily represents a bond held in the United Kingdom in 
order to defer the payment of duties on imports into the United Kingdom.

5. INVENTORIES

Information regarding the Company's inventories is as follows (in thousands):

Raw materials
Work-in-process
Finished goods

51

December 31,

2017

2016

$

$

58,725
6,943
79,277
144,945

$

$

60,217
7,186
74,669
142,072

 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

6. PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Information regarding the Company's property, plant and equipment is as follows (in thousands):

Land

Leasehold improvements

Buildings

Office equipment

Software

Machinery and equipment

Construction-in-progress

Property, plant and equipment

Accumulated depreciation

Property, plant, and equipment, net

December 31,

2017

2016

$

12,489

$

54,995

67,465

18,193

40,378

243,939

32,481

469,940
(269,310)
200,630

$

$

11,930

46,125

63,749

14,440

20,910

232,777

55,890

445,821
(248,737)
197,084

During 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company capitalized interest of approximately $0.8 million, $0.7 million and $0.3 

million, respectively.

During the fourth quarter of 2017, the Company completed a global design review of the next phases of its enterprise 
resource planning system implementation. Through this review, the Company identified certain software items that were no 
longer useful to the future phases of the enterprise resource planning system. As a result, the Company recorded a $16.3 million
write-off of capitalized software costs, previously included in construction-in-progress.

7. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Information regarding the Company's other intangible assets are as follows (in thousands):

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Gross
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization

Net
Amount

Gross
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization

Net
Amount

Indefinite-lived intangible assets:

Tradenames

$

225,600

$

— $

225,600

$

225,600

$

— $

225,600

Finite-lived intangible assets:

Various

Total

34,585

$

260,185

$

(21,604)
(21,604) $

12,981

34,585

238,581

$

260,185

$

(18,315)
(18,315) $

16,270

241,870

Based on the results of the annual impairment test as of October 1, 2017 and 2016, the Company determined there were 
no indications of impairment for goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets. Based on the results of the annual impairment 
test as of October 1, 2015, the Company determined that the Edelman Leather tradename was impaired as the estimated fair 
value of the Edelman Leather tradename was less than its respective carrying amount. The decline in the fair value of the Edelman 
Leather tradename was primarily the result of weaker than expected revenue performance in 2015 and a corresponding reduction 
of future revenue expectations. These revenue reductions were primarily a result of lower sales to private aviation customers. 
The fair value of the Edelman Leather tradename was estimated to be $6.5 million, resulting in a non-cash pre-tax impairment 
charge of $10.7 million during the fourth quarter of 2015. The impairment charge was separately disclosed in the consolidated 
statements of operations. These fair value measurements fell within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as described in Note 2. 
A significant decline in expected revenue or a change in the discount rate may result in future impairment charges. Edelman 
Leather is included within the Company’s Coverings Segment.

52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

The Company's amortization expense related to finite-lived intangible assets was $3.3 million, $3.3 million, and $3.2 
million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively. The expected amortization expense based on the 
finite-lived intangible assets as of December 31, 2017 is as follows (in thousands): 

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Estimated Amortization
2,495
$

2,290

2,216

2,103

1,808

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment are as follows (in thousands):

Balance as of December 31, 2016

Foreign currency translation adjustment

Purchase accounting adjustment
Balance as of December 31, 2017

8. OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

Office
Segment

$

35,701

Studio
Segment
$ 68,731

Coverings
Segment

$

36,959

Total
$ 141,391

519

—

—

519

—
36,220

203
$ 68,934

$

—
36,959

203
$ 142,113

$

Information regarding the Company's other current liabilities is as follows (in thousands):

Accrued employee compensation
Customer deposits
Warranty
Contingent consideration
Other
Other current liabilities

December 31,

2017

2016

$

$

41,144
30,484
9,174
1,100
22,256
104,158

$

$

46,508
31,216
8,906
7,100
21,125
114,855

53

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

9. LEASES

The Company has commitments under operating leases for certain machinery and equipment as well as manufacturing, 
warehousing, showroom and other facilities used in its operations. Some of the leases contain renewal provisions and generally 
require the Company to pay certain operating expenses, including utilities, insurance and taxes, which are subject to escalation. 
At times the Company enters into lease agreements which contain a provision for cash abatements related to certain leasehold 
improvements. These abatements are recognized on a straight-line basis as a reduction to rent expense over the lease term. The 
unamortized portions as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 were $5.9 million and $5.2 million, respectively. Total rent expense 
for 2017, 2016, and 2015 was $28.9 million, $29.8 million, and $28.6 million, respectively. Future minimum rental payments 
required, excluding maintenance and other miscellaneous charges, under those operating leases are as follows (in thousands): 

2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Subsequent years
Total minimum lease payments

Future Minimum 
Rental Payments
26,744
$
20,849
16,968
11,959
10,528
26,537
113,585

$

10. PENSION AND OTHER POST-EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS

The Company has two domestic defined benefit pension plans and two plans providing for other post-employment benefits, 
including medical and life insurance coverage. One of the pension plans and one of the OPEB plans cover eligible U.S. nonunion 
employees while the other pension plan and OPEB plan cover eligible U.S. union employees. The Company uses a December 31 
measurement date for all of these plans.

During 2015, the Company approved amendments, effective December 31, 2015, to both the union and nonunion U.S. 
defined benefit pension plans. The Company also amended its remaining post-employment medical plan, effective May 1, 2015. 
The amendments eliminated the accrual of future benefits for all participants in the defined benefit pension plans and closed 
entry  to  new  retirees  into  the  post-employment  medical  plan.  These  amendments  resulted  in  a  curtailment  gain  of 
approximately $7.1 million. As the plans had unrealized losses in excess of the reduction of the projected benefit obligation at 
the date of amendment, the gain was recorded as a reduction of the projected benefit obligation and a corresponding reduction 
of unrealized losses within accumulated other comprehensive loss.

During 2017, the Company did not make any contributions to the union or nonunion pension plans. During 2016, the 
Company contributed $9.0 million and $43.0 million in discretionary contributions to the union and nonunion pension plans, 
respectively.

54

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the related benefit obligation and plan assets related to the benefits 

provided by the Company (in thousands):

Change in projected benefit obligation:

Projected benefit obligation at beginning of the period

$

280,193

$

273,809

$

5,736

$

6,294

Pension Benefits

Other Benefits

2017

2016

2017

2016

Service cost

Interest cost

Plan amendments

Participant contributions

Actuarial (gain) loss

Benefits paid

(Gain) related to settlement

Administrative expenses paid

Projected benefit obligation at end of the period

Accumulated benefit obligation at end of the period
Change in plan assets:

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of the period

Actual return on plan assets

Employer contributions

Participant contributions

Actual expenses paid

Benefits paid

Fair value of plan assets at the end of period
Funded status

700

9,455

—

—

27,925
(19,586)
(472)
(2,649)
295,566

295,566

263,027

33,103

—

$

$

$

1,870

9,662

—

—

7,207
(11,943)
—
(412)
280,193

280,193

210,556

11,662

53,164

$

$

$

—
(2,649)
(19,586)
273,895
$
(21,671) $

—
(412)
(11,943)
263,027
$
(17,166) $

$

$

$

$

$

—

173
(1,317)
206
(284)
(708)
—

—

3,806

$

— $

— $

—

502

206

—
(708)

— $
(3,806) $

—

196
(998)
206

1,076
(1,038)
—

—

5,736

—

—

—

832

206

—
(1,038)
—
(5,736)

Assumptions used in computing the benefit obligation as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 were as follows:

Discount rate
Expected return on plan assets

Rate of compensation increase

Pension Benefits

Other Benefits

2017

2016

2017

2016

3.70 - 3.77%
7.10%

4.16 - 4.25%
7.10%

2.48 - 3.66%
N/A

2.35 - 4.20%
N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

The following table presents the fair value of the Company's pension plan investments as of December 31, 2017 and 2016

(in thousands): 

Equity Securities

U.S. equity securities

Non-U.S. equity securities

Debt Securities

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

$

— $ 75,944

$

— $

—

37,042

—

—

75,944

37,042

160,909

273,895

36,936

122,442

263,027

Fixed income funds and cash investment funds

123,867

37,042

December 31, 2017

$

123,867

$ 150,028

$

— $

Equity Securities

U.S. equity securities

Non-U.S. equity securities

Debt Securities

Fixed income funds and cash investment funds

$

103,649

$

— $

— $

103,649

36,936

122,442

—

—

—

—

December 31, 2016

$

263,027

$

— $

— $

See Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements for the description of the levels of the fair value hierarchy.

56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

The following table sets forth the consolidated balance sheets presentation for components relating to the Company's 

pension and OPEB plans (in thousands):

Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets
consist of:

Current liabilities

Noncurrent liabilities

Net amount recognized
Amounts recognized in accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss) before taxes:

Net actuarial loss (gain)

Prior service cost (credit)

Net amount recognized

Pension Benefits

Other Benefits

2017

2016

2017

2016

$

$

$

$

— $

— $

(21,671)
(21,671) $

(17,166)
(17,166) $

(231) $

(3,575)
(3,806) $

60,256

—

60,256

$

$

50,327

—

50,327

$

$

$

1,015
(3,310)
(2,295) $

(612)
(5,124)
(5,736)

1,302
(3,477)
(2,175)

The following table sets forth other changes in the benefit obligation recognized in other comprehensive income for the 

Company's pension and OPEB plans (in thousands):

Net actuarial loss (gain)

Prior service (credit)

Amortization of:

Prior service credit

Actuarial (loss) gain

  Loss recognized related to settlement

Total recognized in OCI

Pension Benefits

Other Benefits

2017

2016

2017

2016

$

12,794

$

10,326

$

(227) $

—

—

(1,400)

—
(704)
(2,162)
9,928

$

—
(492)
—

$

9,834

$

1,485
(3)
—
(145) $

581
(998)

1,120

248

—

951

The net actuarial losses of $12.8 million and $10.3 million for the pension plans in 2017 and 2016, respectively, were 

mainly due to decreases in discount rates over the course of both 2017 and 2016. 

The following table sets forth the estimated net actuarial loss and prior service credit for the Company's pension and 
OPEB plans included in accumulated other comprehensive income and expected to be recognized in net periodic pension cost 
during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 (in thousands): 

Prior service credit

Actuarial (loss) gain 

Total recognized in OCI

Pension Benefits

Other Benefits

2018

2018

—
(1,465)
(1,465) $

$

730

71

801

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

The following table sets forth the components of the net periodic benefit cost for the Company's pension and OPEB plans 

(in thousands):

Service cost

Interest cost

Expected return on plan assets

Amortization of prior service cost
(credit)

Recognized actuarial loss (gain)

Settlement and curtailment 

related expense (1)

Net periodic benefit (income)

cost

Pension Benefits

Other Benefits

2017

2016

2015

2017

2016

2015

$

700

$

1,870

$

7,457

$

— $

— $

9,455

(18,444)

9,662
(14,782)

12,350
(14,455)

173

—

196

—

—

704

2,162

—

492

—

—

6,311

—

(1,485)
3

(1,120)
(248)

—

—

5

289

—

(852)
(144)

—

$

(5,423) $

(2,758) $

11,663

$

(1,309) $

(1,172) $

(702)

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1)  The pension settlement charge was related to cash payments from lump sum elections made by employees affected by the restructuring activities in the 

second quarter of 2017.

Assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 were 

as follows:

Pension Benefits

Other Benefits

2017

2016

2015

2017

2016

2015

Discount rate

3.80 - 4.25% 4.55 - 4.65% 4.18 - 4.54% 2.35 - 4.20% 2.30 - 4.51% 1.69 - 4.20%

Expected return on plan assets

Rate of compensation increase

7.10%

N/A

7.10%

N/A

7.10%

2.50%

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

The expected long-term rate of return on assets is based on management's expectations of long-term average rates of 
return to be earned on the investment portfolio. In establishing this assumption, management considers historical and expected 
returns for the asset classes in which the plan assets are invested.

For purposes of measuring the benefit obligation associated with the Company's OPEB plans as of December 31, 2017, 
as well as the assumed rate for 2018 the following rates were assumed to affect the per capita costs of the following covered 
benefits:

Healthcare

Prescription drug

Benefit obligation

Net periodic benefit cost

2017
5.60 - 7.20%

10.10%

2025 and thereafter

4.50%

4.50%

2017
5.80 - 6.20%

11.10%

2023 - 2024

4.50%

4.50%

The effect on benefit obligation of increasing/decreasing the healthcare cost trend rate and aggregate service and interest 

cost components by 1% is shown as follows for 2017 (in thousands):

Accumulated Post-employment
Benefit Obligation

Aggregate service and interest 
cost components

Increase
Decrease

$

9
8

1
1

$

58

 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

The Company's pension plans' weighted-average asset allocations as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, by asset category 

were as follows:

Asset Category:

Temporary investment funds

Equity investment funds

Fixed income funds

Total

Plan Assets at
December 31,

2017

2016

1%

41%

58%

100%

1%

53%

46%

100%

The  Company's  pension  plans'  investment  policy  includes  an  asset  mix  based  on  the  Company's  risk  posture.  The 
investment policy follows a glide path approach that shifts a higher portfolio weighting to fixed income as the funded status 
increases. The investment policy states a target allocation based on the plans’ funded status of approximately 46% equity funds 
and 54% fixed income funds. Inclusion of the fixed income assets is to hedge risk associated with the plans’ liabilities along 
with providing potential growth through income. These assets should primarily invest in fixed income instruments of the U.S. 
Treasury and government agencies and investment-grade corporate bonds. The equity fund investments can consist of broadly 
diversified domestic equity, international equity, fixed income (return seeking), alternative investments, commodities, and real 
estate assets. The purpose of these assets is to provide the opportunity for capital appreciation, income, and the ability to diversify 
investments. A mix of mutual funds, ETF’s, and separate accounts are used as the plans' investment vehicles with clearly stated 
investment objectives and guidelines, as well as offer competitive long-term results.

The Company expects to contribute $0.2 million to its OPEB plans in 2018. Currently, no contributions are expected in 
2018 for the Company's pension plans. Estimated future benefit payments under the pension and OPEB plans are as follows (in 
thousands):

2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023 - 2027

Pension Benefits

Other Benefits

$

$

18,944
19,012
19,416
19,460
19,468
89,456

231
235
234
241
240
1,243

The Company also sponsors 401K retirement savings plans for all U.S. associates. Under the 401K retirement savings 
plans, participants may defer a portion of their earnings up to the annual contribution limits established by the Internal Revenue 
Service. The Company's total expense under the 401K plans for U.S. employees was $5.5 million for 2017, $9.8 million for 
2016 and $5.6 million for 2015. Employees of the Canadian, Belgium and United Kingdom operations also participate in defined 
contribution pension plans sponsored by the Company. The Company's expense related to these plans for 2017, 2016, and 2015
was $1.0 million, $1.0 million, and $1.0 million, respectively.

11. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Financial Instruments

The fair values of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents approximate carrying value due to their short maturities and 

are classified as Level 1.

The fair value of the Company’s long-term debt approximates its carrying value, as it is variable rate debt and the terms 

are comparable to market terms as of the balance sheet dates, and are classified as Level 2.

59

 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following table represents the assets and liabilities, measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the basis for that 

measurement (in thousands):

 Liabilities:

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

Fair Value as of December 31, 2017

Fair Value as of December 31, 2016

Contingent purchase price payment -

Holly Hunt

Contingent purchase price payment -

DatesWeiser

Total

$

$

— $

— $

— $

— $

— $

— $

6,000

$

6,000

—

—

1,100

1,100

—

—

1,100

1,100

— $

— $

1,100

$

1,100

$

— $

— $

7,100

$

7,100

Pursuant to the agreement governing the acquisition of HOLLY HUNT®, the Company was required to make annual 
contingent purchase price payments. The payouts were based upon HOLLY HUNT® reaching an annual net sales target, for 
each year through 2016, and were paid out on or around February 20 of the following calendar year. The Company classified 
this as a Level 3 measurement and was required to remeasure this liability at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of 
such contingent purchase price payments, totaling $16.0 million, was determined at the time of acquisition based upon net sales 
projections for HOLLY HUNT® for 2014, 2015, and 2016. The Company paid the remaining $6.0 million contingent purchase 
price in 2017, as a result of HOLLY HUNT® achieving the 2016 net sales targets. 

Pursuant  to  the  agreement  governing  the  acquisition  of  DatesWeiser,  the  Company  may  be  required  to  make annual 
contingent purchase price payments. The payouts are based upon DatesWeiser reaching an annual net sales target, for each year 
through 2020. The fair value measurement is based on significant inputs that are unobservable in the market and thus represents 
a Level 3 measurement. The Company is required to remeasure this liability at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of 
such contingent purchase price payments, totaling $1.1 million, was determined at the time of acquisition based upon net sales 
projections for DatesWeiser for 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020 and a discount rate of 10%. Excluding the initial recognition of the 
liability for the contingent purchase price payments and payments made to reduce the liability, any changes in the fair value will 
be included within selling, general and administrative expenses.  The maximum amount of possible future contingent payments 
under the agreement as of December 31, 2017 are $3.0 million.

There were no additional assets and/or liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2017 or 

2016.

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

There were no assets and/or liabilities remeasured to fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of December 31, 2017 or 2016

and for the years then ended.

12. INDEBTEDNESS

The Company's long-term debt is summarized as follows (in thousands):

Balance of revolving credit facility

Balance of term loan

Total long-term debt

Less: Current maturities of long-term debt

Less: Deferred financing fees, net

Long-term debt

December 31,

2017

2016

$

27,000

$

165,000

192,000

10,000

952

$

181,048

$

45,000

175,000

220,000

10,000

1,617

208,383

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company's interest rates were approximately 2.4% and 2.0%, respectively.

60

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

Credit Facilities

The following revolving credit facilities were in place at December 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):

Expiration 
Date

Capacity

Borrowed

Letter of 
Credit

Unused 
capacity

Borrowed

Letter of 
Credit

Unused
capacity

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Revolving credit facility

May 20, 2019

$

300,000

$

27,000

$

5,367

$

267,633

$

45,000

$

5,766

$

249,234

On May 20, 2014, the Company amended and restated its existing credit facility, dated February 3, 2012, with a new 
$500.0 million credit facility, consisting of a revolving commitment (revolving credit facility) in the amount of $300.0 million
and a term loan commitment in the amount of $200.0 million (“Existing Credit Facility”). The Existing Credit Facility also 
included an option to increase the size of the revolving credit facility or incur incremental term loans by up to an additional 
$200.0 million, subject to the satisfaction of certain terms and conditions.

Borrowings under the revolving credit facility may be repaid at any time, but no later than the maturity date on May 20, 
2019. Obligations under the Existing Credit Facility are secured by a first priority security interest in (i) the capital stock of 
certain present and future subsidiaries (with limitations on foreign subsidiaries) and (ii) all present and future property and assets 
of the Company (with various limitations and exceptions). The Company retains the right to terminate or reduce the size of the 
revolving credit facility at any time. Borrowings under the term loan facility are due in equal quarterly installments of $2.5 
million, with the remaining borrowings due on the maturity date.

Interest on revolving credit and term loans will accrue, at the Company’s election, at (i) the Eurocurrency Rate (as defined 
in the Existing Credit Facility), plus additional percentage points based on the Company’s leverage ratio or (ii) the Base Rate 
(a rate based on the higher of (a) the prime rate announced from time-to-time by Bank of America, N.A., (b) the Federal Reserve 
System’s federal funds rate, plus .50% or (c) the Eurocurrency Rate plus 1.00%; Base Rate is defined in detail in the Amended 
Credit Agreement), plus additional percentage points based on the Company’s leverage ratio.

The Company is required to pay an annual commitment fee equal to a rate per annum calculated as the product of the 
applicable rate based upon the Company's leverage ratio as set forth in the credit agreement, times the unused portion of the 
revolving credit facility. In addition, the Company is required to pay a letter of credit fee equal to the applicable rate based upon 
the Company's leverage ratio as set forth in the credit agreement times the daily maximum amount available to be drawn under 
such letter of credit. The commitment and letter of credit fees are payable in arrears on the last business day of each quarter.

The Existing Credit Facility requires the Company to comply with various affirmative and negative covenants, including 
without limitation (i) covenants to maintain a minimum specified interest coverage ratio and maximum specified net leverage 
ratio, and (ii) covenants that prevent or restrict the Company’s ability to pay dividends, engage in certain mergers or acquisitions, 
make certain investments or loans, incur future indebtedness, engage in sale-leaseback transactions, alter its capital structure or 
line of business, prepay subordinated indebtedness, engage in certain transactions with affiliates and sell stock or assets. The 
Company was in compliance with the Existing Credit Facility covenants at December 31, 2017.

Repayments under the Amended Credit Agreement can be accelerated by the lenders upon the occurrence of certain events 
of default, including, without limitation, a failure to pay any principal, interest or other amounts in respect of loans when due, 
breach by the Company (or its subsidiaries) of any of the covenants or representations contained in the Amended Credit Agreement 
or related loan documents, failure of the Company (or its material subsidiaries) to pay any amounts owed with respect to other 
significant indebtedness of the Company or such subsidiary, or a bankruptcy event with respect to the Company or any of its 
material subsidiaries.

Deferred Financing Fees

Deferred financing fees, net of accumulated amortization, totaled $1.0 million and $1.6 million as of December 31, 2017
and 2016, respectively. Amortization expense related to the deferred financing fees, included in interest expense, was $0.7 million
for each of the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

61

 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Litigation

The Company is currently involved in matters of litigation, including environmental contingencies, arising in the ordinary 
course of business. The Company accrues for such matters when expenditures are probable and reasonably estimable. Based 
upon information presently known, management is of the opinion that such litigation, either individually or in the aggregate, 
will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. 

Collective Bargaining

At December 31, 2017, the Company employed a total of 3,402 people. Approximately 9.0% of the total number of 
employees are represented by unions globally. The Grand Rapids, Michigan Plant is the only unionized plant within North 
America and has an agreement with the Carpenters Union, Local 1615, of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of 
America, Affiliate of the Carpenters Industrial Council, covering approximately 203 hourly employees or 6% of the labor force. 
The Collective Bargaining Agreement expires April 2018. Approximately 104 workers in Italy are also represented by state-
sponsored unions. The union contracts under which these Italian workers are represented expire in 2018.

Warranty

The Company provides for estimated product warranty expenses when related products are sold and are included within 
other current liabilities. Because warranty estimates are forecasts that are based on the best available information, primarily 
historical claims experience, future warranty claims may differ from the amounts provided.

Changes in the warranty reserve are as follows (in thousands):

Balance, beginning of the year

Provision for warranty claims

Warranty claims paid

Foreign currency translation adjustment

Balance, end of the year

14. STOCK PLANS

2017

2016

2015

8,906

$

8,513

$

7,099
(6,735)
(96)
9,174

$

6,792
(6,272)
(127)
8,906

$

8,180

7,249
(6,801)
(115)
8,513

$

$

As of December 31, 2017, the Company sponsors three stock incentive plans under which awards denominated or payable 
in shares, units or options to purchase shares of Knoll common stock may be granted to officers, certain other employees, 
directors and consultants of the Company. The following table summarizes the Company approved plans, the number of shares 
authorized to be issued and the number of shares available to be issued as of December 31, 2017:

2010 Stock Incentive Plan
2013 Stock Incentive Plan

Total available for issuance

Authorized for issue

Available for issue

2,000,000
2,000,000

29,157
1,007,793

1,036,950

The Compensation Committee of the Company's Board of Directors, has sole discretion concerning administration of the 
plans including selection of individuals to receive awards, types of awards, the terms and conditions of the awards and the time 
at which awards will be granted.

62

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

Restricted Shares and Restricted Stock Units

The Company awards restricted shares and restricted stock units to employees, as well as non-employee directors, under 
various plans. The restrictions on these awards generally lapse between three and four years from the date of the awards. The 
Company records expense for restricted shares and restricted stock units awards in an amount equal to the fair market value of 
the underlying awards on the grant date of the award, over the period the awards lapse. The following table shows the details 
for each of the 2015, 2016 and 2017 restricted shares and restricted stock units grants:

Weighted-
Average 
Grant Date 
Fair Value
$

Grant Date

2015 grants

Number of 
restricted shares 
and restricted 
stock units

146,000

22,360

73,000

73,000

Total 2015 grants

314,360

2016 grants

Total 2016 grants

2017 grants

Total 2017 grants

283,000

30,632

163,509

109,000

586,141

277,250

24,488

147,938

98,625

548,301

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Vesting

21.64 Cliff - Subject to service conditions

21.31 Graded - Subject to service conditions

Vesting Period

Three Years

Three Years

21.64 Cliff - Subject to service and performance conditions

Three Years

14.62 Cliff - Subject to service and market conditions

Three Years

18.69 Cliff - Subject to service conditions

18.28 Graded - Subject to service conditions

Three Years

Three Years

18.81 Cliff - Subject to service and performance conditions

Three Years

12.65 Cliff - Subject to service and market conditions

Three Years

22.80 Cliff - Subject to service conditions

22.87 Graded - Subject to service conditions

Three - Four Years

Three Years

22.77 Cliff - Subject to service and performance conditions

Three Years

15.86 Cliff - Subject to service and market conditions

Three Years

The following table summarizes the Company's restricted stock activity during the year:

Outstanding at December 31, 2016

Granted
Forfeited

Vested

Outstanding at December 31, 2017

Restricted
Stock

Weighted-
Average Grant
Date
Fair Value

993,962

$

301,738
(61,480)
(392,610)
841,610

$

18.00

22.80
20.88

16.07

20.41

63

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

The following table summarizes the Company's restricted stock units activity during the year:

Outstanding at December 31, 2014

Granted

Forfeited

Vested

Restricted
Stock Units
80,000

—

—

(35,000)

Outstanding at December 31, 2015

45,000

$

Granted

Forfeited

Vested

—

—

(15,000)

Outstanding at December 31, 2016

30,000

$

Granted

Forfeited

—

—

Vested
Outstanding at December 31, 2017

(15,000)
15,000

$

Stock Options

Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

$

14.04

Restricted
Stock Units
Performance
Based
323,083

$

Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

17.36

21.64

15.92

—

18.28

18.81

17.93

—

18.45

22.77

21.03

17.70
20.44

Restricted
Stock Units
Market Based
103,437

$

73,000
(15,625)
—

160,812

$

109,000
(7,203)
—

262,609

$

98,625
(28,657)
(95,869)
236,708

$

Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

8.18

12.14

8.93

—

10.12

13.02

11.42

—

11.96

15.86

13.83

8.97
14.40

—

—

14.04

14.04

—

—

14.04

14.04

—

—

14.04
14.04

73,000
(15,625)
—

380,458

$

163,509
(8,862)
—

535,105

$

147,938
(39,347)
(316,210)
327,486

$

The following table summarizes the Company's stock option activity for the preceding three years.

Outstanding at December 31, 2014

Exercised

Outstanding at December 31, 2015

Exercised

Outstanding at December 31, 2016

Exercised

Expired

Outstanding at December 31, 2017
Exercisable at December 31, 2017

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (years)

Number of
Options

Aggregate
Intrinsic Value

647,671
$
(377,671) $
270,000
$
(202,500) $
67,500
$
(22,500) $
(45,000) $
— $
— $

15.37

14.98

15.93

13.69

22.64

20.97

23.47

—
—

2.16

1.44

0.68

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$
$

4,016,809

2,496,218

1,203,600

1,597,398

357,225

147,760

—

—
—

A summary of the status of the Company's non-vested options as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and changes during 

the year ended December 31, 2017, is presented below.

Non-vested at December 31, 2016

Vested

Non-vested at December 31, 2017

Number of
Options

Weighted-
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value

$
4,000
(4,000) $
— $

6.26

6.26

—

The total fair value of options vested during 2017, 2016 and 2015 were less than $0.1 million, respectively.

64

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

Total Awards

Compensation costs related to stock-based compensation for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 totaled 
$9.6 million pre-tax ($6.1 million after-tax), $10.5 million pre-tax ($6.8 million after-tax), and $8.3 million pre-tax ($5.3 million 
after-tax), respectively, and are included within selling, general, and administrative expenses.

At December 31, 2017, the total compensation cost related to non-vested awards not yet recognized equaled $12.2 million
for restricted stock awards and restricted stock units, with zero costs related to non-vested stock options. The weighted-average 
remaining period over which the cost is to be recognized is 1.5 years.

15. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Preferred Stock

The Company's Certificate of Incorporation authorizes the issuance of 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par 
value of $1.00 per share. Subject to applicable laws, the Board of Directors is authorized to provide for the issuance of preferred 
shares  in  one  or  more  series,  for  such  consideration  and  with  designations,  powers,  preferences  and  relative,  participating, 
optional or other special rights and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, as shall be determined by the Board of 
Directors. There was no preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2017, 2016 or 2015.

Common Stock

The following table demonstrates the change in the number of shares of common stock outstanding during the years ended 

December 2017, 2016, and 2015 (excludes non-voting restricted shares).

Shares outstanding as of December 31, 2014

Purchase of common stock

Shares issued under stock incentive plan, net of awards surrendered to pay applicable taxes

Exercise of stock options

Shares issued to Board of Directors in lieu of cash

Shares outstanding as of December 31, 2015

Purchase of common stock

Shares issued under stock incentive plan, net of awards surrendered to pay applicable taxes

Exercise of stock options

Shares issued to Board of Directors in lieu of cash

Shares outstanding as of December 31, 2016

Purchase of common stock

Shares issued under stock incentive plan, net of awards surrendered to pay applicable taxes

Exercise of stock options

Shares issued to Board of Directors in lieu of cash
Shares outstanding as of December 31, 2017

Treasury Stock

47,487,510
(260,088)
218,458

377,671

4,528

47,828,079
(123,577)
192,050

202,500

3,276

48,102,328
(17,445)
385,037

22,500

5,522
48,497,942

As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company held 16,120,462 and 15,645,358 treasury shares, respectively. The 

Company records repurchases of its common stock for treasury at cost. 

65

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows (in thousands):

Beginning
Balance

Before-Tax
Amount

Tax Benefit
(Expense)

Net-of-Tax
Amount

Ending
Balance

December 31, 2015

Pension and other post-employment liability

adjustment

Foreign currency translation adjustment

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
December 31, 2016

Pension and other post-employment liability

adjustment

Foreign currency translation adjustment

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
December 31, 2017

Pension and other post-employment liability
adjustment

Foreign currency translation adjustment

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

$

$

$

$

$

$

(34,777) $
2,095
(32,682) $

19,728
(16,581)
3,147

$

$

(7,783) $
—
(7,783) $

$

11,945
(16,581)
(4,636) $

(22,832)
(14,486)
(37,318)

(22,832) $
(14,486)
(37,318) $

(10,785) $
488
(10,297) $

(29,405) $
(13,998)
(43,403) $

(9,783) $
4,868
(4,915) $

4,212

—

4,212

4,544

—

4,544

$

$

$

$

(6,573) $
488
(6,085) $

(29,405)
(13,998)
(43,403)

(5,239) $
4,868
(371) $

(34,644)
(9,130)
(43,774)

The following reclassifications were made from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to the statements of 

operations (in thousands):

Amortization of pension and other post-employment liability

adjustments

Prior service credits (1)
Actuarial losses (1)
Loss recognized during settlement

Total before tax

Tax (benefit) expense

Net of tax

December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

$

$

1,485
(707)
(2,162)
(1,384)
(548)
(836) $

1,120
(244)
—

876

312

564

$

$

852
(6,167)
—
(5,315)
(1,929)
(3,386)

(1) These accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) components are included in the computation of net periodic pension costs. See Note 10 for additional 

information.

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

16. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share excludes the dilutive effect of common shares that could potentially be issued due to the exercise 
of stock options and unvested restricted stock and restricted stock units, and is computed by dividing net income available to 
common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the 
potential dilution that would occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into 
common stock. At December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company had outstanding stock options, restricted stock, and restricted 
stock units, which could potentially dilute basic earnings per share in the future. The following table sets forth the reconciliation 
from basic to dilutive average common shares (in thousands):

Years ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

Numerator:

Net earnings attributable to Knoll, Inc. stockholders

$

80,163

$

82,084

$

65,963

Denominator:

Denominator for basic earnings per shares - weighted-average shares

48,423

48,093

47,747

Effect of dilutive securities:

Potentially dilutive shares resulting from stock plans

Denominator for diluted earnings per share - weighted-average shares

Antidilutive equity awards not included in weighted-average common shares—

diluted

737

49,160

826

691

48,919

48,438

—

—

4

Net earnings per common share attributable to Knoll, Inc. stockholders:

Basic

Diluted

$

$

1.66

1.63

$

$

1.71

1.68

$

$

1.38

1.36

67

 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

17. INCOME TAXES

Income before income tax expense consists of the following (in thousands):

U.S. operations
Foreign operations
Total

Income tax (benefit) expense is comprised of the following (in thousands):

Current:
Federal
State
Foreign
Total current
Deferred:
Federal
State
Foreign

Total deferred
Income tax (benefit) expense

$

$

$

2017
62,609
15,983
78,592

2017

11,712
2,404
3,918
18,034

(20,595)
2,541
(1,580)
(19,634)
(1,600) $

2016
107,803
19,735
127,538

2016

11,980
2,840
4,588
19,408

23,814
2,347
(145)
26,016
45,424

$

$

$

$

2015
77,996
25,423
103,419

2015

24,988
6,101
6,224
37,313

(1,098)
505
751
158
37,471

$

$

$

$

The following table sets forth the tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the deferred tax assets and liabilities 

(in thousands):

Deferred tax assets

December 31,
2017

December 31,
2016

Accounts receivable, principally due to allowance for doubtful accounts

$

858

$

Inventories

Net operating loss carryforwards

Accrued pension

Stock-based compensation

Compensation-related accruals

Warranty
Obligation for post-employment benefits other than pension

Accrued liabilities and other items

Gross deferred tax assets

Valuation allowance

Net deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities:

Intangibles

Plant and equipment

Gross deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax liabilities

5,939

7,460

5,591

2,972

3,063

1,779
1,312

3,886

32,860
(4,789)
28,071

(58,701)
(24,041)
(82,742)
(54,671) $

$

2,985

8,294

6,664

7,637

6,493

4,928

3,222
2,267

8,537

51,027
(6,161)
44,866

(86,961)
(34,759)
(121,720)
(76,854)

Income taxes paid, net of refunds received, by the Company during 2017, 2016, and 2015, totaled $22.4 million, $27.4 

million, and $40.8 million, respectively.

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

As of December 31, 2017, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards totaling approximately $30.0 million in 
the  United  Kingdom,  Germany  and  Brazil. The  net  operating  loss  carryforwards  may  be  carried  forward  indefinitely. The 
Company regularly evaluates positive and negative evidence as it relates to realizability of deferred tax assets in each jurisdiction. 
As a result of this analysis, the Company determined that the valuation allowance related to United Kingdom net operating 
losses should be reversed in the current period as a history of positive earnings and anticipated future earnings supports the 
realization of the deferred tax asset. The result of this reversal was an income tax benefit of $2.6 million. The Company still 
provides a valuation allowance against Germany and Brazil net foreign deferred tax assets (principally the net operating loss 
carryforwards) due to the uncertainty that they can be realized.  

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate:

Federal statutory tax rate

Increase (decrease) in the tax rate resulting from:

State taxes, net of federal effect

Effect of tax rates of other countries

Section 199 deduction

Change in contingency reserve

  Limitation on deduction of officer’s compensation

Tax Act

Valuation Allowance Release

Other

Effective tax rate

2017
35.0 %

2016
35.0 %

2015
35.0 %

5.2 %

(1.8)%

(0.7)%

— %

1.3 %

(33.9)%

(3.3)%

(3.8)%

(2.0)%

3.3 %

(1.4)%

(0.8)%

(0.2)%

0.6 %

— %

— %

(0.9)%

35.6 %

4.4 %

(2.4)%

(0.9)%

(0.2)%

0.5 %

— %

— %

(0.2)%

36.2 %

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Acts (“Tax Act”) was enacted into law. The new tax legislation represents 
a fundamental and dramatic shift in U.S. taxation. The new legislation contains several key tax provisions that will impact the 
Company,  including  the  reduction  of  the  corporate  income  tax  rate  from  35%  to  21%  effective  January  1,  2018. The  new 
legislation also includes a variety of other changes, such as a one-time transition tax on unrepatriated accumulated foreign 
earnings,  a  limitation  on  the  tax  deductibility  of  interest  expense,  repeal  of  the  Section  199  domestic  production  activities 
deduction, acceleration of business asset expensing, and reduction in the amount of executive pay that could qualify as a tax 
deduction, among others. ASC 740 requires the Company to recognize the effect of the tax law changes in the period of enactment.

 At December 31, 2017 the Company had not completed the accounting for the tax effects of enactment of the Tax Act; 
however, as described below the Company made a reasonable estimate of the effects on existing deferred tax balances and the 
one-time transition tax. The Company recorded an estimated benefit as a result of the new legislation of $26.6 million in the 
fourth quarter of 2017. The revaluation of deferred tax assets and liabilities at the lower corporate rate of 21% resulted in a 
benefit of $28.3 million, offset by a one-time transition tax on unrepatriated accumulated foreign earnings of $0.2 million and 
a withholding tax on distribution of those earnings in the amount of $1.5 million. The ultimate impact of the Tax Act may differ 
from this estimate, possibly materially, due to changes in interpretations and assumptions, and guidance that may be issued and 
actions taken in response to the Tax Act. The Tax Act is highly complex and the Company continues to assess the impact that 
various provisions will have on the business. However, the SEC staff has issued SAB 118 which will allow the Company to 
record provisional amounts during a one year remeasurement period. The Company will continue to assess the impact of the 
recently enacted tax law on our business and our consolidated financial statements. 

69

 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

The following table summarizes the activity related to the Company's unrecognized tax benefits during 2017, 2016, and 

2015 (in thousands):

2017

2016

2015

Balance, beginning of the year

Additions for tax position related to the current year

Additions for tax position related to the prior year

Decreases for tax position related to the prior year

Prior year reductions:

Lapse of statute of limitations

Settlements

Balance, end of the year

$

875

125

—

—

(125)
—

$

875

$

$

4,407

$

4,922

125

56
(250)

(125)
(3,338)
875

125

134
(774)

—

—

$

4,407

All of the unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2017, if recognized, would affect the Company's effective tax 
rate. During 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively, the Company recognized zero, $0.1 million and $0.1 million of interest and 
penalties.  The Company has paid all accrued interest and penalties recognized prior to December 31, 2017, therefore the Company 
has no accruals for the payment of interest and penalties as of December 31, 2017 and 2016. 

As of December 31, 2017, the Company is subject to U.S. Federal Income Tax examination for the tax years 2007 through 
2017, and to non-U.S. income tax examination for the tax years 2010 to 2017. In addition, the Company is subject to state and 
local income tax examinations for the tax years 2007 through 2017.

18. OTHER EXPENSE (INCOME), NET

The components of other expense (income), net are as follows (in thousands):

Foreign exchange losses (gains)

Other, net

Other expense (income), net

Years Ended December 31,

2017

2016

$

$

1,781

113

1,894

$

$

3,725
(360)
3,365

$

$

2015
(9,130)
(44)
(9,174)

70

 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

19. QUARTERLY RESULTS (UNAUDITED)

The following tables contain selected unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income data 
for each quarter for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. The operating results for any quarter are not necessarily 
indicative of results for any future period. The quarterly results are as follows (in thousands):

2017

Sales

Gross profit

Net earnings

Net earnings attributable to Knoll, Inc. stockholders

First
Quarter

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

Fiscal
Year

$

256,820

$

268,694

$

291,256

$

316,122

$

1,132,892

95,674

15,396

15,404

99,958

12,956

12,934

106,610

19,161

19,132

112,337

32,679

32,693

Earnings per share—Basic

Earnings per share—Diluted

$

$

0.32

0.31

$

$

0.27

0.26

$

$

0.39

0.39

$

$

0.67

0.67

$

$

414,579

80,192

80,163

1.66

1.63

(1) (2) (3)

(1) (2) (3)

(1) (2) (3)

(1) (2) (3)

2016

Sales

Gross profit

Net earnings

Net earnings attributable to Knoll, Inc. stockholders

Earnings per share—Basic

Earnings per share—Diluted

$

284,629

$

294,700

$

292,097

$

292,866

$

1,164,292

107,764

17,411

17,400

114,064

21,641

21,635

112,801

21,618

21,607

111,347

21,444

21,442

$

$

0.36

0.36

$

$

0.45

0.44

$

$

0.45

0.44

$

$

0.45

0.44

$

$

445,976

82,114

82,084

1.71

1.68

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1)  During the fourth quarter of 2017, the Company recorded pension settlement charges of $2.2 million and a $16.3 million write-off of property, plant, and 

equipment.

(2)  During the second quarter of 2017, Knoll recorded restructuring charges of $2.2 million related to headcount rationalization and modernization of equipment 

in the Office Segment. Knoll does not expect to incur additional payments due to restructuring. 

(3)  The fourth quarter of 2017 results include the impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Acts. See Note 17.

20. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC REGION INFORMATION 

The Company manages business through its reporting segments: Office, Studio, and Coverings. All unallocated expenses 

are included within Corporate. 

The Office segment includes a complete range of workplace products that address diverse workplace planning paradigms. 
These products include: systems furniture, seating, storage, tables, desks and KnollExtra® accessories as well as the international 
sales of North American Office products.

The Studio segment includes KnollStudio®, HOLLY HUNT®, Knoll Europe and DatesWeiser. KnollStudio products, 
include iconic seating, lounge furniture, side, cafe and dining chairs as well as conference, training and dining and occasional 
tables. HOLLY HUNT® is known for high quality residential furniture, lighting, rugs, textiles and leathers. HOLLY HUNT® 
includes the Vladimir Kagan Design Group, a renowned collection of modern luxury furnishings. Knoll Europe, which markets 
and  sells  both  KnollStudio  and  Knoll  Office  products,  manufactures  and  sells  products  to  customers  primarily  in  Europe. 
DatesWeiser, known for its sophisticated meeting and conference tables and credenzas, sets a standard for design, quality and 
technology integration.

The Coverings segment includes KnollTextiles®, Spinneybeck® (including Filzfelt®), and Edelman® Leather. These 

businesses provide a wide range of customers with high-quality fabrics, felt, leather and related architectural products.

Corporate costs represent the accumulation of unallocated costs relating to shared services and general corporate activities 
including, but not limited to, legal expenses, acquisition expenses, certain finance, human resources, administrative and executive 
expenses and other expenses that are not directly attributable to an operating segment. Dedicated, direct selling, general and 
administrative expenses of the segments are included within segment operating profit. Management regularly reviews the costs 
included in the Corporate function, and believes disclosing such information provides more visibility and transparency of how 
the chief operating decision maker reviews the results for the Company.

71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

The tables below present the Company’s segment information (in thousands):

2017

2016

2015

SALES

Office

Studio

Coverings

Corporate

Knoll, Inc. 

INTERSEGMENT SALES (1)

Office

Studio

Coverings

Corporate

Knoll, Inc. 

DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION

Office

Studio

Coverings

Corporate

Knoll, Inc. 

OPERATING PROFIT

Office(2)
Studio

Coverings

Corporate
Knoll, Inc.(3)

CAPITAL EXPENDITURES

Office

Studio

Coverings

Corporate

Knoll, Inc. 

$

682,936

$

731,327

$

340,995

108,961

—

1,132,892

1,331

5,572

5,369

—

12,272

19,177

6,776

750

—

26,703

25,894

51,136

24,623

(13,684)

87,969

32,413

7,061

203

—

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

323,431

109,534

—

1,164,292

1,877

5,788

8,350

—

16,015

16,284

5,936

805

—

23,025

73,871

53,413

25,953

(16,929)

136,308

35,072

6,819

804

—

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

686,943

303,838

113,661

—

1,104,442

1,640

6,184

8,358

—

16,182

14,945

5,565

769

—

21,279

55,823

47,952

17,273

(19,938)

101,110

27,058

4,241

648

—

39,677

$

42,695

$

31,947

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

_______________________________________________________________________________

(1) Intersegment sales are presented on a cost-plus basis which takes into consideration the effect of transfer prices between legal entities.

(2) Knoll recorded a $16.3 million write-off of property, plant, and equipment, a $2.2 million pension settlement charge and a $2.2 million restructuring charge 

within the Office segment during 2017. 

(3) The Company does not allocate interest expense or other (income) expense, net to the reportable segments.

Many of the Company's facilities manufacture products for all three reporting segments. Therefore, it is impractical to 

disclose asset information on a segment basis.

72

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

The Company's net sales by product category were as follows (in thousands):

Office Systems

Seating

Files and Storage

Studio

Coverings

Other

Total

$

Year Ended December 31,

$

$

2017
390,396

109,051

90,328

340,995

108,961

93,161

2016
461,743

114,135

85,696

323,431

109,534

69,753

2015
432,655

117,799

86,099

303,838

113,661

50,390

$ 1,132,892

$ 1,164,292

$ 1,104,442

The Company markets its products in the United States and internationally, with its principal international markets being 
Canada and Europe. The table below contains information about the geographical areas in which the Company operates. Sales 
are attributed to the geographic areas based on the origin of sale, and property, plant, and equipment, net is based on the geographic 
area in which the asset resides (in thousands):

2017

Sales

Property, plant, and equipment, net
2016

Sales

Property, plant, and equipment, net
2015

United
States

Canada

Europe

Mexico

Consolidated

$

977,669

$

52,894

$

100,233

$

2,096

$

1,132,892

157,805

29,307

13,518

—

200,630

$ 1,031,920

$

36,813

$

93,420

$

2,139

$

1,164,292

157,856

26,452

12,776

—

197,084

Sales

$

979,221

$

36,163

$

89,058

$

— $

1,104,442

Property, plant, and equipment, net

137,863

20,919

13,360

—

172,142

21.  SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Indebtedness

On January 23, 2018, the Company completed an amendment to its existing credit facility, dated May 20, 2014 (the 
“Existing Credit Agreement”), whereby the Existing Credit Agreement was amended and restated in its entirety by that 
certain Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of January 22, 2018, among the Company and certain 
foreign subsidiaries of the Company, as borrowers, certain domestic and foreign subsidiaries of the Company, as guarantors, 
Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender, and an L/C Issuer, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & 
Smith  Incorporated,  as  Joint  Lead Arranger  and  Sole  Bookrunner,  and  certain  lenders  and  other  parties  thereto  (the 
“Amended Credit Agreement”).

The Amended Credit Agreement provides for a $750.0 million credit facility that matures in five years, consisting 
of a revolving commitment in the amount of $400.0 million, which may be available in U.S. dollars, Euro, British Pound 
and other foreign currencies to be agreed, a U.S. term loan commitment in the amount of $250.0 million and a multicurrency 
term loan commitment in the amount of €81.7 million. The Amended Credit Agreement also includes an option to increase 
the size of the revolving credit facility or incur incremental term loans by up to the greater of $250.0 million and 90% of 
the EBITDA of the Company and its subsidiaries for the four fiscal quarters prior to such increase or additional loan, 
subject to the satisfaction of certain terms and conditions. The proceeds of the credit facility will be used to, among other 
things (1) consummate the Muuto Acquisition (as defined below), (2) refinance certain indebtedness and (3) for general 
corporate purposes. Borrowings under the credit facility may be repaid at any time, but no later than the maturity date on 
January 23, 2023. The Company retains the right to terminate or reduce the size of the revolving credit facility at any time. 
Borrowings  under  the  term  loan  facilities  amortize  in  equal  quarterly  installments  equaling  5%  per  annum,  with  the 
remaining borrowings due on the maturity date.

73

 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KNOLL, INC.

DECEMBER 31, 2017

Interest on revolving credit and term loans will accrue, at the Company’s election, at (i) the Eurocurrency Rate (as 
defined in the Amended Credit Agreement), plus additional percentage points based on the Company’s leverage ratio or 
(ii) the Base Rate (a rate based on the higher of (a) the prime rate announced from time-to-time by Bank of America, N.A., 
(b) the Federal Reserve System’s federal funds rate, plus .50% or (c) the Eurocurrency Rate, plus 1.00%; Base Rate is 
defined in detail in the Amended Credit Agreement), plus additional percentage points based on the Company’s leverage 
ratio.

The Amended Credit Agreement requires the Company to comply with various affirmative and negative covenants, 
including without limitation (i) covenants to maintain a minimum specified interest coverage ratio and maximum specified 
net leverage ratio (or under certain circumstances, a maximum specified net secured leverage ratio), and (ii) covenants 
that prevent or restrict the Company’s ability to pay dividends, engage in certain mergers or acquisitions, make certain 
investments or loans, incur future indebtedness, engage in sale-leaseback transactions, alter its capital structure or line of 
business, prepay subordinated indebtedness, engage in certain transactions with affiliates and sell stock or assets.

Repayments under the Amended Credit Agreement can be accelerated by the lenders upon the occurrence of certain 
events of default, including, without limitation, a failure to pay any principal, interest or other amounts in respect of loans 
when due, breach by the Company (or its subsidiaries) of any of the covenants or representations contained in the Amended 
Credit Agreement or related loan documents, failure of the Company (or its material subsidiaries) to pay any amounts 
owed with respect to other significant indebtedness of the Company or such subsidiary, or a bankruptcy event with respect 
to the Company or any of its material subsidiaries.

The indebtedness incurred under the Amended Credit Agreement is secured by substantially all of the Company’s 
tangible and intangible assets, including, without limitation, the Company’s intellectual property. The Company’s direct 
and indirect wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries have also guaranteed the obligations of the Company and the foreign 
borrowers under the Amended Credit Agreement and pledged substantially all of their tangible and intangible assets as 
security for their obligations under such guarantee. Certain of the Company’s wholly-owned foreign subsidiaries have 
guaranteed the obligations of the foreign borrowers under the Amended Credit Agreement and pledged certain of their 
assets as security for their obligations under such guarantee.

In January 2018, the Company entered into an interest rate swap, effective December 31, 2018, on $300.0 million
notional  amount  of  its  new  credit  facility  to  a  fixed  rate  of  2.63%,  plus  LIBOR. The  swap  is  designed  to  reduce  the 
Company's exposure to variable interest rate risk under the Amended Credit Agreement. 

Acquisitions

On  January  25,  2018,  Knoll  Denmark ApS  (“Knoll  Denmark”),  a  wholly  owned  subsidiary  of  the  Company, 
completed the acquisition of one hundred percent (100%) of the shares of Muuto Holding ApS and MIE4 Holding 5 ApS 
(“Muuto” or the “Muuto Acquisition”), which collectively hold substantially all of the business operations of Muuto, 
pursuant to a share purchase agreement, dated as of December 10, 2017, among Knoll Denmark and the owners of Muuto 
Holding ApS and MIE4 Holding 5 ApS. The purchase price for the shares was approximately $300.0 million, less certain 
customary adjustments. The Company will record the Muuto Acquisition using the acquisition method of accounting and 
recognize the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their fair values as of the date of acquisition. 

The Company recorded acquisition costs in its consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income, 
within selling, general, and administrative expenses during the year ended December 31, 2017 as follows (in thousands):

Accounting and legal fees

Other

Total

Year Ended December 31, 2017

$

$

439

104

543

Due to the limited time since the date of the acquisition, the initial disclosure for this business combination is 
incomplete as of the date of this filing. As such, it is impracticable for the Company to make certain business combination 
disclosures at this time. The Company will provide this information in its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter 
ending March 31, 2018.

74

ITEM 9.    CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL 
DISCLOSURES

None

ITEM 9A.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. We, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, 
including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation 
of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as of the end of 
the period covered by this report (December 31, 2017) ("Disclosure Controls"). Based upon the Disclosure Controls evaluation, 
our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that the Disclosure Controls are effective in reaching 
a reasonable level of assurance that (i) information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the 
Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and (ii) information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that 
we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is accumulated and communicated to our management, including 
our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely 
decisions regarding required disclosure.

INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Management's annual report on internal control over financial reporting. Our management is responsible for establishing 
and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934, as amended, for the Company. Internal control over financial reporting is a process to provide reasonable assurance 
regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance 
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Internal control over financial reporting includes 
without limitation, maintaining records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect our transactions, providing reasonable 
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary for preparation of our financial statements, providing reasonable assurance 
that  receipts  and  expenditures  of  company  assets  are  made  in  accordance  with  management  authorization,  and  providing 
reasonable assurance that unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of company assets that could have a material effect on 
our financial statements would be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control 
over financial reporting is not intended to provide absolute assurance that a misstatement of our financial statements would be 
prevented or detected.

Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in 
Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 
(2013 framework). Based on this assessment, management concluded that the Company's internal control over financial reporting 
was effective as of December 31, 2017.

The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017 has been audited 
by Ernst & Young LLP, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report included in Item 
8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. During the period covered by this report, there has been no change 
in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the 
Exchange Act) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over 
financial reporting.

75

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Knoll, Inc.

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We  have  audited  Knoll,  Inc.’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December 31,  2017,  based  on  criteria 
established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Knoll, Inc. (the Company) maintained, in  all material 
respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States) (PCAOB), the 2017 consolidated financial statements of the Company and our report dated February 27, 2018 expressed 
an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its 
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s annual 
report on internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control 
over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be 
independent  with  respect  to  the  Company  in  accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and 
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform 
the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all 
material respects. 

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material 
weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and 
performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable 
basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding 
the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally 
accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures 
that  (1)  pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and 
dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit 
preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  and  that  receipts  and 
expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; 
and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition 
of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. 
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
February 27, 2018 

76

ITEM 9B.    OTHER INFORMATION

None.

PART III

ITEM 10.    DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information required by Item 10 relating to directors, director nominees and executive officers of the registrant is 
incorporated by reference from the information under the captions “Board of Directors,” “Election of Directors,” “Executive 
Officers,”  “Board  Meetings  and  Committees,”  “Code  of  Ethics,”  and  “Section 16(a)  Beneficial  Ownership  Reporting 
Compliance” contained in our Proxy Statement for our 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”).

The  information  relating  to  the  identification  of  the  audit  committee,  audit  committee  financial  expert  and  director 
nomination procedures of the registrant is incorporated by reference from the information under the caption “Board Meetings 
and Committees” contained in our Proxy Statement.

Our Board of Directors has adopted a code of ethics for all employees. This code is made available free of charge on our 

website at www.knoll.com. For further information see subsection “Code of Ethics” in our Proxy Statement.

ITEM 11.    EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by Item 11 is hereby incorporated by reference from the information under the caption “Executive 

Compensation” contained in our Proxy Statement.

ITEM  12.    SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND  MANAGEMENT  AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

Plan Category
Equity compensation plans approved by
security holders

Equity compensation plans not
approved by security holders

Total

Equity Compensation Plan Information
As of December 31, 2017

Number of Securities
to be Issued upon
Exercise of
Outstanding Options
(a)

Weighted-Average
Exercise Price of
Outstanding Options
(b)

Number of Shares Remaining for
Future Issuance Under Equity
Compensation Plans (Excluding
Securities Reflected in Column (a))
(c)

— $

—

—

—

—

1,036,950

—

1,036,950

If there is an expiration, termination, or cancellation of any benefit granted under the plans without the issuance of shares, 
the shares subject to or reserved for that benefit may again be used for new stock options, rights, or awards of any type authorized 
under the plans.

All other information required by Item 12 is hereby incorporated by reference from the information under the caption 

“Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” contained in our Proxy Statement.

ITEM 13.    CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The  information  required  by  Item 13  is  hereby  incorporated  by  reference  from  the  information  under  the  captions 

“Transactions with Related Persons” and “Director Independence” contained in our Proxy Statement.

ITEM 14.    PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The  information  required  by  Item 14  is  hereby  incorporated  by  reference  from  the  information  under  the  caption 

“Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” contained in our Proxy Statement.

77

 
 
ITEM 15.    EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

PART IV

(a) 

Documents filed as part of this Form 10-K:

(1)   CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (ITEM 8)

•  Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016

•  Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016, 

and 2015

•  Consolidated Statements of Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015

•  Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015

•  Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

•  Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

(2)   FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

•  Financial Statement Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts is filed with this Form 10-K on page S-1 of this 
Form 10-K. All other schedules for which provision is made in the applicable regulation of the Commission have either 
been presented in the Company's financial statements or are not required under the related instructions or are inapplicable 
and therefore have been omitted.

(3)   EXHIBITS

Exhibit
Number

2.1 (b)

2.2 (g)

3.1 (a)

3.2 (i)

Description
Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of December 10, 2017, among Knoll Denmark ApS, Maj Invest 
Equity 4 K/S, B Holding 2005 ApS, KB ApS, Unos ApS and AK Cleemann Holding APS.

Securities Purchase Agreement, dated February 3, 2014, among Knoll, Inc., Holly Hunt Enterprises, 
Inc., HHMI LLC, the Shareholders of Holly Hunt Enterprises, Inc. and the Members of HHMI LLC.

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Knoll, Inc.

Amended and Restated By-Laws of Knoll, Inc.

4.1 (m)

Form of Stock Certificate.

10.1 (b)

10.2 (e)*

10.3 (k)*

Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of January 23, 2018, by and among 
Knoll, Inc., certain of the domestic subsidiaries of Knoll, Inc., Bank of America, N.A., as 
Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and an L/C Issuer, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith 
Incorporated, as Joint Lead Arranger and Sole Bookrunner, and certain other lenders and the other 
lenders party thereto.

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, executed March 14, 2006, effective as of January 1, 
2006, between Knoll, Inc. and Burton B. Staniar.

Amendment to Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of May 4, 2009, between 
Knoll, Inc. and Burton B. Staniar.

78

 
Exhibit
Number

Description

10.4 (d)*

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of July 1, 2016, between Knoll, Inc. and 
Andrew B. Cogan.

10.5 (l)*

Amended and Restated Knoll, Inc. 2010 Stock Incentive Plan.

10.6 (o)*

Amended and Restated Knoll, Inc. 2013 Stock Incentive Plan

10.7 *

Amended and Restated Knoll, Inc. Non-Employee Director Compensation Plan.

10.8 (h)*

Form of Restricted Share Agreement under the Non-Employee Director Compensation Plan (time 
vesting).

10.90 (f)*

Form of Restricted Share Agreement under the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (time vesting).

10.10 (f)*

Form of Restricted Share Agreement under the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (time vesting with 
accelerated performance vesting).

10.11 (f)*

Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan.

10.12 (p)*

Form of Performance-Based Stock Unit Agreement under the 2013 Stock Incentive Plan.

10.13 (n)*

10.14 (c)*

10.15 (c)*

Form of Performance-Based Stock Unit Agreement under the 2013 Stock Incentive Plan (enhanced 
vesting).

Form of Restricted Share Agreement under the 2013 Stock Incentive Plan (updated change in 
control).

Form of Performance-Based Stock Unit Agreement under the 2013 Stock Incentive Plan (updated 
change in control).

10.16 (a)*

Form of Director and Officer Indemnification Agreement.

10.17 (j)*

10.18 (j)*

10.19 (j)*

10.20 (j)*

21.00  

23.10  

24.10  

31.10  

31.20  

32.10  

32.20  

Andrew B. Cogan 2018 Incentive Compensation Letter, dated December 4, 2017.

Charles W. Rayfield 2018 Incentive Compensation Letter, dated December 4, 2017.

Benjamin A. Pardo 2018 Incentive Compensation Letter, dated December 4, 2017.

David L. Schutte 2018 Incentive Compensation Letter, dated December 4, 2017.

Subsidiaries of Knoll, Inc.

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

Power of Attorney [(included on signature page)].

Certification for Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934, as amended.

Certification for Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934, as amended.

Certification for Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act 
of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Certification for Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002.

79

 
Exhibit
Number

101.00  

Description

The following materials from the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended
December 31, 2017, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016, (ii) Consolidated Statements of
Operations and Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2017, December 31, 2016
and December 31, 2015, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended
December 31, 2017, December 31, 2016, and December 31, 2015, (iv) Consolidated Statements of
Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2017, December 31, 2016, and December 31, 2015 and
(v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.**

_______________________________________________________________________________

* Management Contract or Compensatory Plan or Arrangement required to be identified by Item 15(a) (3) of Form 10-K.

** Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the Interactive Data Files on Exhibit 101 hereto are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement 

or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, are deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities and 

Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise are not subject to liability under those sections

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)

(j)

(k)

(l)

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-118901), which was declared effective by the Commission 
on December 13, 2004.

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on January 25, 2018.

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on May 10, 2017.

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on August 9, 2016.

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on February 3, 2014.

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 11, 2015.

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 8, 2017.

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on May 11, 2009.

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 11, 2010.

(m)

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012.

(n)

(o)

(p)

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on April 26, 2013.

Incorporated by reference to Knoll, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013.

80

 
ITEM 16.    FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

81

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused 
this report on Form 10-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on this 27th day of February 
2017.

KNOLL, INC.
By:

/s/ ANDREW B. COGAN
       Andrew B. Cogan
   President and Chief Executive Officer

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each individual whose signature appears below constitutes and 
appoints Andrew B. Cogan and Charles W. Rayfield, and each of them, his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents with full 
power of substitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this 
Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and all documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and 
perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and 
purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of 
them, or his or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report on Form 10-K has been signed by the 

following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the date indicated.

/s/ BURTON B. STANIAR
Burton B. Staniar

/s/ ANDREW B. COGAN
Andrew B. Cogan

/s/CHARLES W. RAYFIELD
Charles W. Rayfield

/s/ DANIEL W. DIENST
Daniel W. Dienst

/s/ JEFFREY A. HARRIS
Jeffrey A. Harris

/s/ SIDNEY LAPIDUS
Sidney Lapidus

/s/ KATHLEEN G. BRADLEY
Kathleen G. Bradley

/s/ JOHN F. MAYPOLE
John F. Maypole
/s/ SARAH E. NASH
Sarah E. Nash

/s/ STEPHEN F. FISHER
Stephen F. Fisher

/s/ STEPHANIE STAHL
Stephanie Stahl

/s/ CHRISTOPHER G. KENNEDY
Christopher G. Kennedy

Chairman of the Board

President and Chief Executive Officer,
Knoll, Inc. and Director

Chief Financial Officer

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

82

February 27, 2018

February 27, 2018

February 27, 2018

February 27, 2018

February 27, 2018

February 27, 2018

February 27, 2018

February 27, 2018

February 27, 2018

February 27, 2018

February 27, 2018

February 27, 2018

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SCHEDULE II

KNOLL, INC.

VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

Description
Allowance for doubtful accounts:

Year ended December 31, 2015

Year ended December 31, 2016

Year ended December 31, 2017

Valuation allowance for deferred income tax assets:

Year ended December 31, 2015

Year ended December 31, 2016

Year ended December 31, 2017

(In Thousands)

Balance at
Beginning
of Year

Additions
Charged to
Expenses
(Income)

Charge-Offs

Other(1)

Balance at
End of Year

7,197

7,919

8,059

7,901

6,317

6,161

1,401

6,653
(2,203)

(841)
451
(2,578)

(600)
(6,514)
(1,839)

—

—

—

(79)
1

22

(743)
(607)
1,206

7,919

8,059

4,039

6,317

6,161

4,789

______________________________________________________________________________

(1) Primarily the impact of currency changes

S-1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 31.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer

I, Andrew B. Cogan, certify that:

(1)         I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Knoll, Inc.;

(2)         Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 

fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

(3)         Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;

(4)         The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls 
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as 
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)         Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 

designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being 
prepared;

(b)         Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to 

be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)          Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report 
based on such evaluation; and

(d)         Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred 

during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has 
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to material affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

(5)         The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal 
control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)         All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 

reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report 
financial information; and

(b)         Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in 

the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: February 27, 2018

/s/ Andrew B. Cogan
Andrew B. Cogan
President and Chief Executive Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 31.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer

I, Charles W. Rayfield, certify that:

(1)         I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Knoll, Inc.;

(2)         Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 

fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

(3)         Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;

(4)         The Registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls 

and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as 
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)         Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 

designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being 
prepared;

(b)         Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to 

be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)          Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report 
based on such evaluation; and

(d)         Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred 

during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has 
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to material affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

(5)         The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal 
control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)         All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 

reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report 
financial information; and

(b)         Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in 

the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: February 27, 2018

/s/ Charles W. Rayfield
Charles W. Rayfield
Chief Financial Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer

Exhibit 32.1

In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Knoll, Inc. (the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 

2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Andrew B. Cogan, Chief 
Executive Officer of the Company, certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002), that to my knowledge:

a.              The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 

Act of 1934; and

b.              The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and 

results of operations of the Company.

February 27, 2018

/s/ Andrew B. Cogan
Andrew B. Cogan
President and Chief Executive Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer

Exhibit 32.2

In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Knoll, Inc. (the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 

2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Charles W. Rayfield, Chief 
Financial Officer of the Company, certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002), that to my knowledge:

a.              The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 

Act of 1934; and

b.              The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and 

results of operations of the Company.

February 27, 2018

/s/ Charles W. Rayfield
Charles W. Rayfield
Chief Financial Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Locations
Knoll, Inc. 
Knoll Office  KnollStudio  
KnollExtra  KnollTextiles  
1235 Water Street  
East Greenville, PA 18041  
215 679-7991 

For showrooms and sales offices:  
knoll.com  

DatesWeiser 
45 West 21st Street 
New York, NY 10010 
212 727-8555  

For showrooms and sales offices:  
datesweiser.com  

Edelman Leather 
80 Pickett District Road  
New Milford, CT 06776  
860 350-9600  

For showrooms and sales offices:  
edelmanleather.com  

FilzFelt 
425 CrossPoint Parkway 
Getzville, NY 14068 
716 446-2380 

For showrooms and sales offices:  
filzfelt.com 

Muuto
Østergade 36-38
DK-1100 Copenhagen
Denmark

For showrooms and sales offices:  
muuto.com 

HOLLY HUNT 
801 West Adams Street # 700,  
Chicago, IL 60607  
312 329-5999  

For showrooms and sales offices:  
hollyhunt.com 

Spinneybeck 
425 CrossPoint Parkway 
Getzville, NY 14068 
716 446-2380  

For showrooms and sales offices:  
spinneybeck.com  

Corporate Information
Officers
Burton B. Staniar
Chairman of the Board

Andrew B. Cogan
President and Chief Executive 
Officer

Charles W. Rayfield
Senior Vice President and  
Chief Financial Officer

Benjamin A. Pardo
Executive Vice President and 
Director of Design

David L. Schutte
Executive Vice President,  
Specialty Businesses

Michael A. Pollner
Senior Vice President, 
Chief Administrative Officer, 
General Counsel and Secretary

Roxanne B. Klein
Senior Vice President,  
Human Resources

Executive Offices
Knoll, Inc.
1235 Water Street
East Greenville, PA 18041
215 679-7991
knoll.com

Board of Directors
Kathleen G. Bradley
Director

Andrew B. Cogan
Director
President and Chief Executive 
Officer

Daniel W. Dienst 
Director

Stephen F. Fisher
Director

Jeffrey A. Harris
Director

Christopher G. Kennedy
Director

Sidney Lapidus
Director

John F. Maypole
Director

Sarah E. Nash
Director

Stephanie Stahl
Director

Burton B. Staniar
Chairman of the Board

Stock Listing
New York Stock Exchange
Ticker Symbol: KNL

Annual Stockholders Meeting
The annual meeting of Knoll, Inc.  
stockholders is scheduled for  
Tuesday, May 8, 2018, at 9:00 AM 
Knoll offices at 1330 Avenue of the Americas,  
2nd Floor, New York, NY 10019

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Ernst & Young, LLP 
Two Commerce Square 
Suite 4000 
2001 Market Street 
Philadephia, PA 19103

Transfer Agent and Registrar
Computershare Trust Company, N.A. 
PO Box 43023 
Providence, RI 02940-3023 
www.computershare.com

 
 
© 2018  Knoll, Inc. All rights reserved.  
Printed in the United States.