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London & Associated Properties PLC

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FY2017 Annual Report · London & Associated Properties PLC
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LONDON & 
ASSOCIATED  
PROPERTIES 

ANNUAL REPORT 2017

Contents

OVERVIEW
1 

LAP at a glance

2  Chairman and Chief Executive’s statement

STRATEGIC REPORT
4 

Financial and performance review

7 

Principal activities, strategy & business model

7  Risks and uncertainties

8  Bisichi risks and uncertainties

9  Key performance indicators

10  Corporate responsibility

GOVERNANCE
12  Directors & advisors

13  Directors’ report

17  Corporate Governance

19 

 Governance Statement by the 
Chairman of The Remuneration Committee

20  Annual remuneration report

24  Remuneration policy

26  Audit committee report

27  Directors’ responsibilities statement

28 

Independent auditor’s report

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 Consolidated income statement
32 

32 

33 

34 

 Consolidated statement of comprehensive income

 Consolidated balance sheet

 Consolidated statement of changes in  
shareholders’ equity 

35 

 Consolidated cash flow statement

36  Group accounting policies

42 

69 

 Notes to the financial statements

 Five year financial summary

Financial calendar

Annual General Meeting  
19 June 2018

Announcement of half year results to 30 June 2018  
Late August 2018

Payment of final and special dividend for 2017 (if approved) 
14 September 2018

Announcement of annual results for 2018 
Late April 2019

OVERVIEW

OVERVIEW

LAP at a glance

London & Associated Properties PLC (“LAP”) is a main market listed group 
which invests in UK shopping centres and retail property whilst also managing 
property assets for institutional clients. LAP owns and/or manages £186 
million of property investments. As a property company we look to create 
environments where tenants can thrive.

The Group also holds a substantial investment in Bisichi Mining PLC, which 
operates coal mines in South Africa and owns UK property investments. In 
accordance with IFRS 10 the results of Bisichi have been consolidated in the 
group accounts.

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

Fully diluted net  
assets per share

53.74p
2016: 44.83p

IFRS net assets

£56.7m
2016: £48.6m

Properties portfolio  
valuation*

£186m
2016: £221m
*Including properties under management 

OVERALL PORTFOLIO SPLIT

PORTFOLIO BY RENTAL INCOME 

42%

42%

58%

58%

KEY PROJECTS

HIGHLIGHT

   Wholly owned

•  Market Row and Brixton Village Brixton

Market Row and Brixton Village sold in April 2018

   Investments  
and management

•  Orchard Square, Sheffield

•  Kings Square, West Bromwich

•  Kingsgate Centre, Dunfermline

• The Rushes Centre, Loughborough

•  The Vancouver Quarter Centre  

Kings Lynn

Co-investment with Oaktree Capital Management 
and manage three of their shopping centres

   Coal production

•  In South Africa, Black Wattle produced 1.30 million metric tonnes of Run of Mine Coal in 2017 (2016: 

1.26 million metric tonnes)

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  1

OVERVIEW

Chairman and Chief Executive’s statement

We are pleased to report on a very satisfactory 
period for the 12 months to 31st December 2017. 

The most significant event in 2017 was our decision to offer for sale 
the two markets in Brixton, valued at £24.5 million last year and 
yielding around £0.5 million annually, net of interest expense. We 
believed that the timing was right to realise this asset and generate a 
significant profit. Sale proceeds of £37.25 million were received in 
April 2018. Allowing for costs and repayment of related loans, this 
will leave the Company with cash from this disposal of £20.5 million.  

We are already in discussions with third parties on potential new 
investments and will look for opportunities to reinvest the cash and 
expand the portfolio over the coming months.  

The year was also marked by a successful conclusion to a long 
running dispute with The Market Village Company Limited (the 
tenant of the two Brixton Markets). The lease entitles LAP to a share 
of total income less specified expenses. The Court supported our 
claim that inappropriate expenses had been deducted in calculating 
the income due. As a result, rental income for 2017 includes £0.6 
million for back rent which is now due from the tenant. 

LAP Group (excluding Bisichi and Dragon) property revenue for the 
year to 31st December 2017 was £6.8 million as compared with 
£6.1 million in the previous year. Excluding the extra Brixton and 
other income, our property revenue would have been £6.1 million, 
which is a creditable result in the very challenging current trading 
environment.

Within the LAP Group we have been particularly focused on 
operating costs during 2017 and we are pleased to report that in 
2017 these were approximately 8% lower at £3.8 million compared to 
£4.1 million the year before.

CONSOLIDATED RESULTS
The Group (including Bisichi and Dragon) net assets at the year end 
were £56.71 million (2016: £48.63 million). 

Total net assets of LAP Group (including our net interest in Bisichi) 
have increased by almost 20% to £45.85 million (2016: £38.24 
million), while net asset value per share has increased by 20% to 
53.74p from 44.83p in 2016. Total property assets owned by LAP, 
Bisichi and other companies in which LAP has a financial interest 
amount to £186 million (2016: £221 million).

The Group profit after valuation movements and before taxation for 
the year was £11.28 million (loss 2016: £0.97 million). Besides the 
improvements in Bisichi (as detailed in the Bisichi section below) and 
LAP income and costs (as stated above), the main improvement was 
due to the increase in valuation of investment properties by £9.37 
million (2016: £0.53 million). A full breakdown of group income and 
result by sector is included in the financial review and in the 
segmental analysis in Note 1 to the financial statements.

DEBT MANAGEMENT
In June 2017 we repaid £0.75 million of Prudential debenture stock 
which carried a coupon of 11.6% per annum. In August 2018, the 
residual £3 million of this debenture will expire. We are currently 
talking to a number of lenders about refinancing the portfolio against 
which the debenture is secured, and we are pleased to report that 
interest is strong. We will update shareholders on the terms of any 
new loan once we have selected the lender. We are confident that 
we will make a significant saving on the £0.3 million per annum 
interest we are currently paying.

LAP PROPERTY ACTIVITIES

Orchard Square, Sheffield 
The shops at Orchard Square have remained effectively fully let 
throughout 2017, and we therefore have no significant new lettings 
to report. However, we have a number of lease expiries in 2018 and 
have commenced negotiations with tenants to renew their leases. 
Responses to date have been positive.

Kings Square, West Bromwich
Kings Square, our shopping centre at West Bromwich, has had a 
strong year during which we have achieved several good lettings. 
The principal mall remains fully let and recent lettings have 
underscored rental growth compared to a year ago. Additionally, the 
side mall, which has always been the weakest of the malls within the 
Centre, is fully let following a period of intensive marketing.

The town seems to be finding its equilibrium after the opening of a 
new Tesco Extra and adjacent shopping centre and Kings Square is 
clearly the location of choice for discount retailers. This is helped by 
the tram and bus terminus being attached to the rear of our centre. 
We therefore believe that this Centre will continue to trade 
successfully. 

414 Coldharbour Lane, Brixton
Shareholders are aware that, following lease expiry in 2015, we are 
in the process of trying to obtain vacant possession of this property 
from the current tenant. We believe that the tenant has lost the 
statutory rights of renewal. In December 2017, the Court found in 
favour of LAP on two counts. A third and final count requires a 
separate hearing which is scheduled for September 2018. We are 
confident of our position and we will update shareholders in due 
course. 

OTHER
The rest of our property portfolio continues to trade well and the 
LAP Group portfolio has a void level of 1.47%, (2016: 2.15%). 

2  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

OVERVIEW Chairman and Chief Executive’s statement

PROPERTIES OUTLOOK
There has been a lot of press coverage recently about retailer 
insolvencies and the increasing migration to online shopping. So far 
we have not directly suffered any increased level of retailer insolvency 
but we cannot be isolated entirely from general high street trends. 
Like all retail landlords, we will be forced to compete against an 
increased supply of empty shops. 

As highlighted in Chairman’s Statements over the last few years, we 
believe that our portfolio is relatively protected from online shopping 
as our core property holdings are all either part of a major city that 
will remain a destination in its own right; a differentiated offer which 
forms part of a leisure experience; or they fulfil a role providing 
convenience retail facilities. We still believe that these sections of the 
retail world will continue to be relevant for the foreseeable future.

HARROGATE JOINT VENTURE
Our Harrogate joint venture with Oaktree Capital Management, 
which owns three shopping centres in Dunfermline, Kings Lynn and 
Loughborough, underwent a refinancing during the year. A loan at 
80% of valuation was secured from Goldman Sachs with mezzanine 
funding provided by DRC. During this refinancing, we declined the 
option to put further cash into the joint venture and consequently 
our share of the equity was diluted from 6.95% to 3.17%. However, 
our asset and property management contracts remain unchanged 
and we continue to receive fees for managing the centres.

MINING AND PROPERTY ACTIVITIES BY BISICHI 
MINING PLC
The management of Bisichi report that for the year ended 31st 
December 2017, the company achieved earnings before interest, tax, 
depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) of £3.7 million (2016: £2.4 
million). This significant improvement was achieved despite the 
impact on Black Wattle, its direct coal mining subsidiary in South 
Africa, of mining challenges in the first half of the year.

For the first half of 2017 production at Black Wattle was impacted 
by higher than expected seasonal rains as well as ongoing stone 
contamination issues at its opencast areas. Overall, during this 
period, the mine achieved production of 582,000 metric tonnes 
(2016 H1: 795,000 metric tonnes). The stone contamination issues 
affected both yield and mining production through the washing 
plant, thus impacting on sales volumes and earnings in the first half 
of the year.

During the second half of the year, further development of Black 
Wattle’s opencast areas and the successful completion of 
infrastructure improvements to its washing plant allowed the mine to 
increase production to 714,000 metric tonnes (2016 H2: 465,000 
tonnes). In addition, the completion of these infrastructure 
improvements assisted in reducing the stone contamination through 
the washing plant and increasing its overall yield.

As a result of the higher production in the second half of the year, 
overall mining production from Black Wattle increased in 2017, with 
total production for the year of 1.30 million metric tonnes (2016: 
1.26 million metric tonnes). As part of Black Wattle’s mining plan, the 
opencast areas that were mined in 2017 will continue to be mined 
throughout 2018. Bisichi expect mining production levels achieved 
in the second half of 2017 to be maintained in 2018.

Looking forward to 2018, Bisichi management will focus on 
maintaining production at the higher levels achieved in the second 
half of 2017 and increasing the life of the mine through the 
acquisition of additional reserves. With strong demand and improved 
prices achievable for the company’s coal, Bisichi believes the group is 
in a strong position to achieve significant value from its South African 
mining operations in 2018.

Bisichi’s property portfolio is managed by LAP and continues to 
perform well. Overall, net property revenue (excluding joint ventures) 
was £1.12 million (2016: £1.06 million).

The property portfolio was externally valued at 31st December 2017 
and the value of UK investment properties attributable to the group 
at year end remained unchanged at £13.25 million.

Bisichi has decided to recommend a final dividend of 3p (2016: 3p) 
and in light of the strong results achieved, a special dividend of 1p 
(2016: nil). The total Bisichi dividend for the year is 5p (2016: 4p).   
LAP’s cash share of this is £221,000 (2016: £177,000).

DRAGON RETAIL PROPERTIES
Dragon has a single retail asset in Bristol. There is a lease renewal on 
the ground floor. The tenant has requested a new lease, and we 
believe the rent to be reversionary. Negotiations are underway.

LAP DIVIDEND
We are pleased to recommend a final dividend of 0.175p, an 
increase of over 6% on the 2016 dividend of 0.165p. We are also 
pleased to report that we will recommend a special dividend of 
0.125p following the sale of our Brixton properties. This means we 
will pay a total dividend of 0.30p.

Finally, we would like to thank all of our directors, 
staff and advisors for their hard work during the 
year. We look forward to the year ahead with 
cautious optimism.

Sir Michael Heller, 
Chairman 

John Heller,  
Chief Executive

27 April 2018

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  3

 
STRATEGIC 

REPORT

STRATEGIC 
REPORT

Financial and performance review

CASH FLOW
The operating cash flow and net cash balances at the year-end were 
as follows:

CASH FLOW FROM OPERATIONS
LAP
Bisichi
Dragon
Group total

2017 
£'000
2,708
7,593
(14)
10,287

Note: The figures exclude inter-company transactions.

NET CASH BALANCES
LAP
Bisichi
Dragon
Group total

2017 
£'000
2,109
4,065
92
6,266

2016 
£'000
2,623
2,879
84
5,586

2016 
£'000
3,706
(890)
115
2,931

Our investment with Oaktree Capital Management (HRGT Shopping 
Centres LP), remains profitable and generates management fees (2017: 
£0.46 million and 2016: £0.46 million) for our wholly owned subsidiary 
(London & Associated Management Services Limited). We also received 
£0.1 million (2016: £0.1 million) as a partial repayment of our loan.

INCOME STATEMENT
The segmental analysis in Note 1 to the financial statements gives more 
detail but the tables below give a clearer summary of the Group results. 

RESULTS BEFORE REVALUATIONS 
AND NON-CASH MOVEMENTS
LAP
Bisichi
Dragon
Group total

2017 
£'000
(130)
3,536
(29)
3,377

2016 
£'000
(1,070)
(241)
9
(1,302)

Note: The figures exclude inter-company transactions.

Rental income in LAP includes a one off receipt of £0.6 million for 
Brixton back rent. Additionally, renewed efforts to cut costs at LAP 
are reflected in lower overheads and property expenses, resulting in 
an improvement of £0.9 million in the operating result before 
revaluations of the core property business. 

Bisichi’s improvement of £3.8 million is explained under Bisichi 
Mining PLC, in this review.

The Group property portfolio, including assets held for sale (including 
Bisichi) of £114.46 million increased on revaluation by £9.37 million, a 9% 
increase.

The financial statements for 2017 have been 
prepared to reflect the requirements of IFRS 
10. This means that the accounts of Bisichi 
Mining PLC (a London Stock Exchange main 
market quoted company – BISI) (“Bisichi”), 
have been consolidated with those of LAP.

Bisichi continues to operate as a fully independent company and 
currently LAP owns only 41.52% of the issued ordinary share capital. 
However, because related parties also have shareholdings in Bisichi 
and there is a wide disposition of other shareholdings, LAP is 
deemed under IFRS 10 to have effective control of Bisichi for 
accounting purposes. This treatment means that the income and net 
assets of Bisichi are disclosed in full and the value attributable to the 
“non-controlling interest” (58.48%) is shown separately in the equity 
section as a non-controlling interest. There is no impact on the net 
assets attributable to LAP shareholders.

Dragon Retail Property Limited (“Dragon”), our 50:50 joint venture 
with Bisichi is also consolidated.

Shareholders are aware that LAP is a property business with a 
significant investment in a listed mining company. The effect of 
consolidating the results, assets and liabilities of the property business 
and the mining company make the figures complex and less 
transparent. Property company accounts are already subject to 
significant volatility as valuations of property assets as well as 
derivative liabilities can be subject to major movements based on 
market sentiment. Most of these changes, though, have little or no 
effect on the cash position and it is, of course, self-evident that cash 
flow is the most important factor influencing the success of a property 
business. We explain the factors affecting the property business first, 
clearly separating these from factors affecting the mining business 
which we do not manage. Comments about Bisichi (the mining 
business) are based on information provided by the independent 
management of that company.

LOANS
Long term debt of LAP (excluding Bisichi and Dragon which are 
detailed separately below), consists of a £45 million facility expiring 
in July 2019 and two debentures: one of £10 million expiring in 
August 2022 and another of £3 million expiring in August 2018. 
During the year £0.75 million of debenture was repaid. As in 
previous years, all loans and debentures are secured on core 
property and cash deposits and are covenant compliant.

LAP’s five year £35 million non-recourse loan from Santander, as 
senior lender, is supported by a £10 million loan from Europa Capital 
Mezzanine Limited, as mezzanine lender. The senior loan facility is 
fully hedged and at the year end, 50% of the loan was swapped at a 
rate of 2.25% and the remaining 50% was covered by an interest cap 
at 2.25%. This gives a blended current interest rate of 4.73% for the 
total £45 million debt. On completion of the sale of Brixton Markets, 
£15.9 million of senior and mezzanine loans are repayable.

4  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

STRATEGIC REPORT Financial and performance review

The improved property revenues, reductions in running costs and 
increased property valuations, have resulted in the LAP Group property 
business showing an increase of £10.76 million in the profit before 
taxation to £9.61 million (2016: loss £1.15 million). 

PROFIT/(LOSS) BEFORE TAXATION
LAP
Bisichi
Dragon
Group profit/(loss) before taxation

2017 
£'000
9,614
1,696
(32)
11,278

2016 
£'000
(1,150)
216
(40)
(974)

Note: The figures exclude inter-company transactions.

TAXATION
The LAP Group taxation charge of £2.98 million (2016: £1.17 million) 
is mainly due to changes in the rules governing the utilisation of tax 
losses which has restricted the group's ability to offset the deferred 
tax liability arising on the revaluation gains recognised in the year.

BALANCE SHEET
Taking account of the changes required by IFRS 10 (see table below) LAP has group net assets of £56.7 million (2016: £48.6 million). 

Net assets attributable to equity shareholders at the year-end were 53.74p per share (2016: 44.83p per share).

2017
Investment properties
Other fixed assets
Investments in Bisichi Mining PLC
Investments in joint ventures
Other non current assets
Held for sale assets
Current assets
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Net assets

2016
Investment properties
Other fixed assets
Investments in Bisichi Mining PLC
Investments and loans in joint ventures  
and assets held for sale
Other non current assets
Current assets
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Net assets

LAP
ORIGINAL 
GROUP
£'000
65,231
116
7,120
874
1,748
36,441
4,824
(10,822)
(59,377)
46,155

93,791
112
6,918
866

3,008
5,559
(9,014)
(62,697)
38,543

BISICHI
MINING PLC
GROUP
£'000
13,397
8,613
-
874
51
-
13,622
(9,025)
(9,858)
17,674

13,426
8,520
–
2,671

32
12,224
(10,326)
(9,541)
17,006

DRAGON
RETAIL
PROPERTIES
£'000
2,630
6
-
-
-
-
2,528
(2,124)
(1,291)
1,749

CONSOLIDATION
ADJUSTMENTS
£'000
-
-
(7,120)
(1,748)
-
-
(4,416)
4,416
-
(8,868)

2,630
21
–
–

–
2,447
(2,078)
(1,288)
1,732

–
–
(6,918)
(1,732)

–
(4,347)
4,347
–
(8,650)

LAP
NET ASSETS
£'000 
81,258
8,735
-
-
1,799
36,441
16,558
(17,555)
(70,526)
56,710

109,847
8,653
–
1,805

3,040
15,883
(17,071)
(73,526)
48,631

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  5

STRATEGIC REPORT Financial and performance review

BISICHI MINING PLC
Although the results of Bisichi Mining PLC have been consolidated in 
these financial statements, the Board of LAP has no direct influence 
over the management of Bisichi. The comments below are based on 
the published accounts of Bisichi. 

The Bisichi group results are stated in full in its published 2017 financial 
statements which are available on its website: www.bisichi.co.uk.

The Bisichi group increased its EBITDA to £3.7 million (2016: £2.4 
million) mainly due to increased operating profits before depreciation 
from the mining activities of £4.6 million (2016: £1.2 million) offset 
by the group’s share of losses in its joint venture of £1.8 million 
(2016: £nil). The share of losses in joint ventures arises from writing off 
the investment in Ezimbokodweni Mining (Pty) Ltd of £1.8 million, as 
detailed in Notes 12 and 13 to the accounts. Depreciation in the 
year relating to mining activities remained unchanged at £1.8 million. 
Profit for the year after tax was £1.5 million (2016: £0.3 million). 
Bisichi has two core revenue streams – investment in retail property 
in the UK and coal mining in South Africa.

The increase in operating profit was mainly attributable to the higher 
prices achieved by coal and increased mining production at Black 
Wattle offsetting the impact of the higher mining and washing costs.

The UK retail property portfolio was valued at the year end at 
£13.25 million (2016: £13.25 million). The property portfolio is 
actively managed by LAP and generated rental income of £1.1 
million in the year (2016: £1.1 million). 

In South Africa, a subsidiary of Bisichi signed an increase in the 
structured trade finance facility from R80 million to R100 million 
(South African Rand) in July 2017 with Absa Bank Limited. This facility 
is renewable annually at 30th June and is secured against inventory, 
debtors and cash that are held in the Bisichi group’s South African 
operations. This facility is expected to be renewed again in 2018.

In the UK, the Bisichi group signed a £6 million five-year term loan 
with Santander in December 2014. This loan is secured against UK 
investment property. No covenants were breached during the year.

Overall the Bisichi group achieved a net increase in cash and cash 
equivalents of £4.9 million (2016: £0.4 million). This increase was mainly 
attributable to improved coal mining operations which generated a 
substantial (£7.3 million) increase in cash from operating activities. 
Bisichi group’s net balance of cash and cash equivalents (including 
bank overdrafts) at the year end was £4.1 million (owing 2016: £0.9 
million). The Bisichi group’s cash and cash equivalents (excluding 
bank overdrafts), at the year-end was £5.3 million (2016: £2.4 
million).

The Bisichi group’s financial position remains strong. Its net assets at 
31st December 2017 were £17.7 million (2016: £17 million). The group 
expects to continue achieving significant value in 2018 from its existing 
mining operation. In addition, Bisichi seeks to expand its operations 
in South Africa through the acquisition of additional coal reserves.

DRAGON RETAIL PROPERTIES LIMITED
Dragon is a UK property investment company. The company has a 
Santander bank loan of £1.25 million secured against its investment 
property and is covenant compliant. It paid management fees of 
£84,000 (2016: £72,000) split equally to the two joint venture 
partners. Its results continue to be near breakeven after taxation. 
Dragon has net assets of £1.7 million (2016: £1.7 million).

ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND GOING CONCERN
The most significant judgements made in preparing these accounts relate 
to the carrying value of the properties, investments and interest rate 
hedges. The hedges have been valued by the hedge provider. The Group 
uses external property valuers to determine the fair value of its properties. 

Under IFRS10 the Group has included Bisichi Mining PLC in the 
consolidated accounts, as it is deemed to be under the effective 
control of LAP and has therefore been treated as a subsidiary.

The Directors exercise their commercial judgement when reviewing 
the Group’s cash flow forecasts and the underlying assumptions on 
which the forecasts are based. The Group’s business activities, 
together with the factors likely to affect its future development, are 
set out in the Chairman and Chief Executive’s Statement and in this 
review. In addition, the Directors consider that Note 23 to the 
financial statements sets out the Group’s objectives, policies and 
processes for managing its capital; its financial risk management 
objectives; details of its financial instruments and hedging activities; 
and its exposure to credit risk, liquidity risk and other risks.

With a quality property portfolio comprising a majority of tenants with 
long leases supported by suitable financial arrangements, the Directors 
believe the group is well placed to manage its business risks successfully, 
despite the continuing uncertain economic climate. The Directors 
therefore have a reasonable expectation that the group and the company 
have adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the 
foreseeable future. Thus, they continue to adopt the going concern basis 
of accounting in preparing the annual financial statements.

TAXATION
The LAP Group tax strategy is to account for tax on an accurate and 
timely basis. We only structure our affairs based on sound commercial 
principles and wish to maintain a low tax risk position. We do not 
engage in aggressive tax planning.

The LAP Group (excluding Bisichi and Dragon) has unused tax losses and 
deductions with a potential value of £10.167 million of which only 
£4.74 million has been recognised in the 2017 financial statements. 
As LAP returns to profit, these tax losses and deductions should be utilised.

DIVIDENDS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
The directors are proposing a final dividend of 0.175p per ordinary 
share payable in September 2018. 

The directors are also proposing a special dividend of 0.125p per 
ordinary share payable in September 2018.

The Group remains cautiously confident about its trading and future 
outlook and it continues to look at further reducing its overhead 
costs and interest payable, while it stabilises its property income 
together with seeking out growth opportunities. 

6  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

STRATEGIC REPORT
STRATEGIC REPORT

Principal activities, strategy & business model

The LAP Group’s principal business model is the investment in and management of town centre retail property through direct investment and 
joint ventures, where we manage the property ourselves and on behalf of our partners. 

The principal activity of Bisichi Mining PLC is coal mining in South Africa. Further information is available in its 2017 Financial Statements 
which are available on their web site: www.bisichi.co.uk

STRATEGIC PRIORITIES ARE

OUR STRATEGY IS

MAXIMISING INCOME

By achieving an appropriate tenant mix and shopping experience we can increase footfall 
through the centres, hence increase tenant demand for space and enhance income.

CREATING QUALITY PROPERTY

CAPITAL STRENGTH

MAINTAIN THE VALUE OF  
INVESTMENT IN BISICHI

We look to improve the consumer experience at all our centres by achieving an appropriate 
tenant mix and a vibrant trading environment through investment activity, enhancement, 
refurbishment and development.

We operate within a prudent and flexible financial structure. Our gearing, which has been 
substantially reduced, provides financial stability whilst giving capacity and flexibility to look for 
further investments.

By encouraging the Bisichi management to maximise sustainable profits and cash distributions.

Risks and uncertainties

DESCRIPTION OF RISK
ASSET MANAGEMENT:

TENANT FAILURE

Financial loss.

DESCRIPTION OF IMPACT

MITIGATION

LEASES NOT RENEWED

Financial loss.

Initial and subsequent assessment of tenant 
covenant strength combined with an active credit 
control function.

Lease expiries regularly reviewed. Experienced 
in house teams with strong tenant and market 
knowledge who manage appropriate tenant mix.

ASSET LIQUIDITY (SIZE AND 
GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION)

Assets may be illiquid and affect 
flexing of balance sheet.

Regular reporting of current and projected position 
to the Board with efficient treasury management.

PEOPLE:

RETENTION AND RECRUITMENT 
OF STAFF

Unable to retain and attract the 
best people for the key roles. 

REPUTATION:

BUSINESS INTERRUPTION

Loss in revenue.

Impact on footfall.

Adverse publicity.

Potential for criminal/ 
civil proceedings.

FINANCING:

FLUCTUATION IN PROPERTY  
VALUES

Impact on covenants and other loan 
agreement obligations.

REDUCED AVAILABILITY OF 
BORROWING FACILITIES

Insufficient funds to meet existing debts/
interest payments and operational 
payments.

LOSS OF CASH AND DEPOSITS

Financial loss.

FLUCTUATION OF INTEREST RATES

Uncertainty of interest rate costs.

Nomination Committee and senior staff review 
skills gaps and succession planning. Training and 
development offered.

Documented Recovery Plan in place. 

General and terrorism insurance policies in place 
and risks monitored by trained security staff. 

Health and Safety policies in place. 

CCTV in centres.

Secure income flows. 

Regular monitoring of LTV and IC covenants and 
other obligations.

Focus on quality assets.

Efficient treasury management. 

Loan facilities extended where possible.

Regular reporting of current and projected position 
to the Board.

Only use a spread of banks and financial institutions 
which have a strong credit rating.

Manage derivative contracts to achieve a balance 
between hedging interest rate exposure and 
minimising potential cash calls.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  7

STRATEGIC REPORT
STRATEGIC REPORT

Bisichi risks and uncertainties

Bisichi (although it is consolidated into group accounts as required by IFRS 10) is managed independently of LAP. The risks outlined below are 
an abbreviated summary of the risks reported by the Directors of Bisichi to the shareholders of that Company. Full details are available in the 
published accounts of Bisichi (www.bisichi.co.uk).

These risks, although critical to Bisichi, are of less significance to LAP which only has a minority investment of 41.52% in the company. In the 
unlikely event that Bisichi was unable to continue trading, it would not affect the ability of LAP to continue operating as a going concern. 

DESCRIPTION OF RISK

DESCRIPTION OF IMPACT

MITIGATION

COAL PRICES CAN BE IMPACTED MATERIALLY 
BY MARKET AND CURRENCY VARIATIONS

Affects sales value and therefore 
margins.

Forward sales contracts are used to 
manage value expectations.

MINING OPERATIONS ARE INHERENTLY RISKY. 
MINERAL RESERVES, REGULATIONS, LICENSING, 
POWER AVAILABILITY, HEALTH AND SAFETY 
CAN ALL DAMAGE OPERATIONS

CURRENCY RISK

CASHFLOW VARIATION BECAUSE OF MINING 
RISKS, COMMODITY PRICE OR CURRENCY 
VARIATIONS

Loss of production causing loss of 
revenue.

Use of geology experts, careful 
attention to regulations, health and 
safety training, employee dialogue to 
minimise controllable risks.

Affects realised sales value and 
therefore margins.

Regular monitoring and review of 
forward currency situation.

Variations can deliver significant shifts 
in cash flow.

UK property investments used to offset 
high risk mining operations.

8  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

STRATEGIC REPORT
STRATEGIC REPORT

Key performance indicators

The Group’s Key Performance Indicators are selected to ensure clear alignment between its strategy and shareholder interests.  
The KPIs are calculated using data from management reporting systems.

STRATEGIC PRIORITY
MAXIMISING INCOME – LIKE FOR LIKE PROPERTY INCOME

KPI 

PERFORMANCE

To increase the like-for-like 
income from the property 
year on year.

Like-for-like rental income as 
a percentage of the prior year 
rental.

The like-for-like rental 

income has remained unchanged.

LIKE-FOR-LIKE INCOME

In the continuing difficult trading 
environment, this is considered 
satisfactory. 

MAXIMISING INCOME – OCCUPANCY

We aim to maximise the total  
income in our properties by  
achieving full occupancy.

The ERV of the empty units 
as a percentage of our total 
income.

Void levels have remained unchanged 
at 2.06%.

CAPITAL STRENGTH – GROWTH IN NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE

Movement in the net assets  
per share.

The net assets per share 
is the principal measure 
used by the group for 
monitoring its performance 
and is an indicator of the 
level of reserves available 
for distribution by way of 
dividend.

The net assets per share 

increased by 8.91 pence per share 

or nearly 20% to 53.74p. 

The strategic realisation of Brixton 
markets is the main reason for the 
significant increase this year. This is in 
accordance with our policy of selling 
assets when we believe that they 
have achieved maximum value.

4.0

2.0

0.0

-4.0

-8.0

6.0

4.0

2.0

0.0

75.0

50.0

25.0

0.0

2015

2016

2017

VOIDS 

2015

2016

2017

NET ASSETS PER SHARE

2015

2016

2017

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  9

STRATEGIC REPORT
STRATEGIC REPORT

Corporate responsibility

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Bisichi’s Black Wattle continues to strive to conduct business in a 
safe, environmentally and socially responsible manner. Some highlights 
of their Health, Safety and Environment performance in 2017:

•   Black Wattle Colliery recorded one Lost Time Injury during 2017 

(2016: One). 

•  No cases of Occupational Diseases were recorded. 

•   Zero claims for the Compensation for Occupational Diseases were 

submitted.

They continue to be compliant and make progress in terms of their 
Social and Labour Plan and their various BEE initiatives. A fuller 
explanation of these can be found in Bisichi’s 2017 Financial Statements 
which are available on their web site: www.bisichi.co.uk

footprint boundary are: properties that we manage on behalf of 
others or are not wholly owned by LAP and emissions are considered 
non material by the business. 

Emissions for landlord controlled areas have been calculated based 
on actual consumption information collected from each shopping 
centre. Emissions from tenant controlled areas have been calculated 
based on floor area and energy consumption benchmarks for general 
retail services in the UK. 

The Bisichi Group has employed the Operational Control boundary 
definition to outline the carbon footprint boundary. Included within 
that boundary are Scope 1 & 2 emissions from coal extraction and 
onsite mining processes for Black Wattle Colliery. Excluded from the 
footprint boundary are emission sources considered non material by 
Bisichi Group, including refrigerant use onsite.

GREENHOUSE GAS REPORTING
We have reported on all of the emission sources required under the 
Companies Act 2006 (Strategic Report and Directors’ Reports) Regulations 
2013 for the reporting period 1st January 2017 to 31st December 
2017. The emissions are detailed in tables 1, 2, 3 and 4 below.

We have used the ISO14046-1 Standard (2006) and guidance 
provided by UK’s Department of Environment and Rural Affairs 
(DEFRA) on voluntary and mandatory carbon reporting. Emission 
factors were used from UK Government’s GHG Conversion Factors 
for Company Reporting 20171.

We have employed the Financial Control definition to outline our 
carbon footprint boundary reporting Scope 1 & 2 emissions only. 
Emissions from both landlord and tenant controlled areas of LAP 
owned shopping centres and facilities that fall within the footprint 
boundary. LAP has landlord controlled areas in Kings Square, Orchard 
Square, Brewery Street, Shipley and Bridgend. Excluded from our 

As well as reporting Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions, legislation 
requires that at least one intensity ratio is reported for the given 
reporting period. The intensity figure represented below shows the 
emissions in tCO2e per thousand pounds revenue.

Table 1. landlord & tenant controlled areas

Scope 1 emissions

Scope 2 emissions

EMISSIONS SOURCE
Natural gas (tCO2e)
Refrigerants (tCO2e)
Electricity (tCO2e)
Total tCO2e
Intensity ratio (tCO2e/£thousand)

Table 2. LAP controlled areas

Scope 1 emissions

Scope 2 emissions

EMISSIONS SOURCE
Natural gas (tCO2e)
Refrigerants (tCO2e)
Electricity (tCO2e)
Total tCO2e

Table 3. Tenant controlled areas

Scope 1 emissions

Scope 2 emissions

EMISSIONS SOURCE
Natural gas (tCO2e)
Refrigerants (tCO2e)
Electricity (tCO2e)
Total tCO2e

1.  2017 Guidelines to DEFRA/DECC’s GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting, Department for environment,  

Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) and Department for Energy and Climate Change (DECC)

10  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

2017
71
0
2,938
3,009
0.467

2017
71
0
176
247

2017
-
-
2,762
2,762

2016
234
5
3,491
3,730
0.076

2016
234
5
236
475

2016
-
-
3,255
3,255

STRATEGIC REPORT Corporate responsibility

Table 4. Coal mining carbon footprint

Emissions source:
  Scope 1 Combustion of fuel & operation of facilities
  Scope 1 Emissions from coal mining activities
  Scope 2 Electricity, heat, steam and cooling purchased for own use
  Total
Intensity:

Intensity 1 Tonnes of CO2 per pound sterling of revenue
Intensity 2 Tonnes of CO2 per pound of coal produced

2017
CO2E
TONNES

15,575
22,683
11,210
49,468

0.0013
0.038

2016
CO2E
TONNES

11,860
22,171
8,530
42,561

0.0019
0.034

ENVIRONMENT

United Kingdom
The Group’s principal UK activity is property investment, which 
involves renting premises to retail businesses. We seek to provide 
those tenants with good quality premises from which they can 
operate in an efficient and environmentally friendly manner. Where 
possible, improvements, repairs and replacements are made in an 
environmentally efficient manner and waste re-cycling arrangements 
are in place at all of the Company’s locations.

South Africa
The Bisichi group’s principal activity in South Africa is coal mining. 
Under the terms of the mine’s Environmental Management Programme 
approved by the Department of Mineral Resource (“DMR”), Black 
Wattle undertakes a host of environmental protection activities to 
ensure that the approved Environmental Management Plan is fully 
implemented. A performance assessment audit was conducted to 
verify compliance to their Environmental Management Programme 
and no significant deviations were found.

EMPLOYEE, SOCIAL, COMMUNITY AND 
HUMAN RIGHTS
The Group’s policy is to attract staff and motivate employees by offering 
competitive terms of employment. The Group provides equal 
opportunities to all employees and prospective employees including 
those who are disabled and operates in compliance with all relevant 
national legislation.

DIVERSITY AND EQUALITY
The board recognises the importance of diversity, both in its membership, 
and in the Group's employees. It has a clear policy to promote diversity 
across the business. The Board considers that the quotas are not 
appropriate in determining its composition and has therefore chosen 
not to set targets. All aspects of diversity, including but not limited to 
gender, are considered at every level of recruitment. Gender diversity 
of the Board and the Group is set out below.

DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES AND GENDER 
REPRESENTATION
At the year end the LAP Group (excluding Bisichi and Dragon), had 
6 directors (6 male, 0 female), 2 senior managers (2 male, 0 female) 
and 23 employees (12 male, 11 female).

BISICHI MINING PLC
Bisichi Mining PLC’s group at the year end had 6 directors (6 male, 
0 female), 7 senior managers (6 male, 1 female) and 196 employees 
(143 male, 53 female). 

Detailed information relating to Bisichi Strategic Report is available 
in its 2017 financial statements.

Approved on behalf of the board of directors

Anil Thapar, 
Finance Director

27 April 2018

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  11

 
 
GOVERNANCE

GOVERNANCE

Directors & advisors

SECRETARY & REGISTERED OFFICE
Anil K Thapar FCCA 
24 Bruton Place 
London W1J 6NE 

AUDITOR
RSM UK Audit LLP 

PRINCIPAL BANKERS
Santander UK plc 
Abbey National Treasury Services plc 
Europa Capital Mezzanine Ltd

SOLICITORS
Olswang LLP 
Pinsent Masons LLP

STOCKBROKER
Stockdale Securities Limited 

REGISTRARS & TRANSFER OFFICE
Link Asset Services 
Shareholder Services 
The Registry 
34 Beckenham Road 
Beckenham 
Kent 
BR3 4TU 

UK telephone: 0871 664 0300 
International telephone: +44 371 664 0300 
(Calls cost 12p per minute plus your phone company’s access charge. 
Calls outside the United Kingdom will be charged at the applicable 
international rate). 

Lines are open between 9.00am to 5.30pm, Monday to Friday, 
excluding public holidays in England and Wales. 

Website: www.linkassetservices.com 
Email: enquiries@linkgroup.co.uk

Company registration number 
341829 (England and Wales)

WEBSITE
www.lap.co.uk

E-MAIL
admin@lap.co.uk

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS
Sir Michael Heller MA FCA*  
(Chairman)

John A Heller LLB MBA  
(Chief Executive)

Anil K Thapar FCCA  
(Finance Director) 

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS 
Howard D Goldring BSC (ECON) ACA† 
Howard Goldring is Executive Chairman of Delmore Asset 
Management Limited which specialises in the discretionary 
management of investment portfolios for pension funds, charities, 
family trusts and private clients. He also acts as an advisor providing 
high level asset allocation advice to family offices and pension 
schemes, including Tesco Pension Investment Ltd. He has been a 
member of the LAP Board since July 1992, and has almost 40 years’ 
experience of the real estate market. He was a director of 
Baronsmead VCT 2 PLC from 2010-2016, and has specialised in 
providing many companies with investor relations support.

Clive A Parritt FCA CF FIIA #†  
Clive Parritt joined the board on 1 January 2006. He is a chartered 
accountant with over 40 years’ experience of providing strategic, 
financial and commercial advice to businesses of all sizes. He is 
Chairman of BG Training Limited and a director of Jupiter US Smaller 
Companies plc. Until April 2016 he was Group Finance Director of 
Audiotonix Limited (an international manufacturer of audio mixing 
consoles). He has chaired and been a director of a number of other 
public and private companies. Clive Parritt was President of the 
Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales in 
2011-12. He is Chairman of the Audit Committee and as Senior 
Independent Director he chairs the Nomination and Remuneration 
Committees.

Robin Priest MA 
Robin Priest joined the board on 31 July 2013. He is chairman of 
private real estate company Property Alliance Group and a senior 
advisor to Alvarez & Marsal LLP (“A&M”) and to a major listed 
German real estate investment fund manager. He has more than 36 
years’ experience in real estate and structured finance. He was 
formerly Managing Director of A&M’s real estate practice, advising 
private sector and public sector clients on both operational and 
financial real estate matters. Prior to joining A&M, Robin was lead 
partner for Real Estate Corporate Finance in London with Deloitte 
LLP and before this he founded and ran a property company backed 
by private equity. He is also a trustee of London’s Oval House 
Theatre.

*    Member of the nomination committee 
†   Member of the audit, remuneration and nomination committees 
#   Senior independent director 

12  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

GOVERNANCE

Directors’ report

The Directors submit their report and the 
audited financial statements for the year 
ended 31 December 2017.

STRATEGIC REPORT
A comprehensive review and assessment of the Group’s activities during 
the year as well as its position at the year end and prospects for the 
forthcoming year are included in the Chairman and Chief Executive’s 
Statement and the Strategic Report. These reports can be found on 
pages 2 to 11 and should be read in conjunction with this report.

ACTIVITIES
The principal activities of the Group during the year were property 
investment and development, as well as investment in joint ventures 
and an associated company. The associated company is Bisichi Mining 
PLC (Bisichi) in which the Company holds a 41.52 per cent interest. 
Bisichi is listed on the main market of the London Stock Exchange 
and operates in England and South Africa with subsidiaries which are 
involved in overseas mining and mining investment. The results, 
together with the assets and liabilities, of Bisichi are consolidated 
with those of LAP in accordance with the terms of IFRS 10 even 
though the Group only has a minority interest – under IFRS 10 the 
58% majority interest is disclosed as a “non-controlling interest”.

BUSINESS REVIEW AND POST BALANCE SHEET EVENTS

Review of the Group’s development and performance
A review of the Group’s development and performance can be found 
below and should be read in conjunction with the Strategic Report 
on pages 4 to 11.

Details of any post balance sheet events are disclosed in Note 32 to 
the financial statements.

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
The Group continues to look for new opportunities to acquire real 
estate assets where it feels it can increase value by applying its intensive 
management skills. At the same time, it seeks to reduce its interest 
payments on its loans as they expire or where opportunities arise to 
refinance on better terms. We also seek to improve our existing estate 
through the continued pursuit of asset management initiatives.

PROPERTY ACTIVITIES
The Group is a long-term investor in property. It acquires retail properties, 
actively manages those assets to improve rental income, and thus seeks 
to enhance the value of its properties over time. In reviewing performance, 
the principal areas regularly monitored by the Group include:

•   Rental income – the aim of the Group is to maximise the 
maintainable income from each property by careful tenant 
management supported by sympathetic and revenue enhancing 
development. Income may be affected adversely by the inability of 
tenants to pay their rent, but careful monitoring of rent collection 
and tenant quality helps to mitigate this risk. Risk is also minimised 
by a diversified tenant base, which should limit the impact of the 
failure of any individual tenant.

•   Cash flow – allowing for voids, acquisitions, development expenditure, 
disposals and the impact of operating costs and interest charges, 
the Group aims to maintain a positive cash flow over time.

•   Financing costs – the exposure of the Group to interest rate 
movements is managed partly by the use of swap and cap 
arrangements (see Note 23 on page 56 for full details of the 
contracts in place) and also by using loans with fixed terms and 
interest rates. These arrangements are designed to ensure that our 
interest costs are known in advance and are always covered by 
anticipated rental income. Details of key estimates that have been 
adopted are contained in the accounting policies Note on page 37.

•   Property valuations – market sentiment and economic conditions 

have a direct effect on property valuations, which can vary 
significantly (upwards or downwards) over time. Bearing in mind 
the long term nature of the Group’s business, valuation changes 
have little direct effect on the ongoing activities or the income and 
expenditure of the Group. Tenants generally have long term leases, 
so rents are unaffected by short term valuation changes. 
Borrowings are secured against property values and if those values 
fall very significantly, this could limit the ability of the Group to 
develop the business using external borrowings. The risk is 
minimised by trying to ensure that there is adequate cover to allow 
for fluctuations in value on a short term basis. 

It continues to be the policy of the Group to realise property assets 
when the valuation of those assets reaches a level at which the directors 
consider that the long-term rental yield has been reached. The Group 
also seeks to acquire additional property investments on an opportunistic 
basis when the potential rental yields offer scope for future growth.

INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES
The investments in joint ventures and Bisichi are for the long term.

LAP manages the UK property assets of Bisichi. However, the principal 
activity of Bisichi is overseas mining investment (in South Africa). 
While IFRS 10 requires the consolidation of Bisichi, the investment is held 
to generate income and capital growth over the longer term. It is 
managed independently of LAP and should be viewed by shareholders as 
an investment and not a subsidiary. The other listed investments are 
held as current assets to provide the liquidity needed to support the 
property activities while generating income and capital growth. 

Investments in property are made through joint ventures when the 
financing alternatives and spreading of risk make such an approach 
desirable. 

DIVIDEND
The directors are recommending payment of a final dividend for 
2017 of 0.175p per share (2016 0.165p per share) and a special 
dividend for 2017 of 0.125p (2016: nil). 

Subject to shareholder approval, the ordinary final dividend and special 
dividend will be payable on Friday 14 September 2018 to shareholders 
registered at the close of business on Friday 17 August 2018. 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  13

GOVERNANCE Directors & advisors

THE COMPANY’S ORDINARY SHARES HELD IN TREASURY
At 31 December 2017, 221,061 (2016: 221,061) ordinary shares 
were held in Treasury with a market value of £54,160 (2016: 
£46,422). At the Annual General Meeting (AGM) in June 2017 
members renewed the authority for the Company to purchase up to 
10 per cent of its issued ordinary shares. The Company will be asking 
members to renew this authority at the next AGM to be held on 
Tuesday 19 June 2018. 

Treasury shares held at 1 January 2017  
and 31 December 2017

221,061

Treasury shares are not included in issued share capital for the 
purposes of calculating earnings per share or net assets per share 
and they do not qualify for dividends payable.

INVESTMENT PROPERTIES
The freehold and long leasehold properties of the Company, its 
subsidiaries and Bisichi were revalued as at 31 December 2017 by 
independent professional firms of chartered surveyors – Allsop LLP, 
London (80.69 per cent of the portfolio), Carter Towler, Leeds (16.98 
per cent) – and by the Directors (2.34 per cent). The valuations, 
which are reflected in the financial statements, amount to £78 
million (2016: £105.08 million). 

Investment property of £36.4 million sold in 2018 is stated under 
current assets, as Assets held for sale. 

Taking account of prevailing market conditions, the valuation of the 
properties at 31 December 2017 resulted in an increase of £9.37 million 
(2016: increase of £0.53 million). The proportion of this revaluation 
attributable to the Group (net of taxation) is reflected in the 
consolidated income statement and the consolidated balance sheet. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 
Note 23 to the financial statements sets out the risks in respect of 
financial instruments. The board reviews and agrees overall treasury 
policies, delegating appropriate authority for applying these policies 
to the Chief Executive and Finance Director. Financial instruments 
are used to manage the financial risks facing the Group and 
speculative transactions are prohibited. Treasury operations are 
reported at each board meeting and are subject to weekly internal 
reporting. Hedging arrangements are in place for the Company, its 
subsidiaries and joint ventures in order to limit the effect of higher 
interest rates upon the Group. Where appropriate, hedging 
arrangements are covered in the Chairman and Chief Executive’s 
Statement and the Financial Review. 

DIRECTORS
Sir Michael Heller, J A Heller, A K Thapar, H D Goldring, C A Parritt 
and R Priest were Directors of the company for the whole of 2017.

C A Parritt, J A Heller and A K Thapar are retiring by rotation at the 
Annual General Meeting in 2018 and offer themselves for re-election.

Clive Parritt has been a Director since January 2006 and has a 
contract of service determinable upon three months’ notice and is 
the Senior Independent Director and Chairman of the audit, 
nomination and remuneration committees. He is a Chartered 
Accountant with over 40 years’ experience in providing strategic, 
financial and commercial advice to business. His financial knowledge 
and broad commercial experience are of significant benefit to the 
business. The board has considered the re-appointment of Clive 
Parritt and recommends his re-election as a Director.

John Heller has been a Director since 1998 and was appointed Chief 
Executive in September 2001. He has a contract of employment 
determinable upon twelve months’ notice. The board has considered 
the re-appointment of John Heller and recommends his re-election 
as a Director.

Anil Thapar has been Finance Director since January 2015 and is 
also the Company Secretary. He has a contract of employment 
determinable upon three months’ notice. Anil Thapar is a Chartered 
Certified Accountant and has worked at LAP since November 2005. 
The board has considered the re-appointment of Anil Thapar and 
recommends his re-election as a Director.

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS 
The interests of the Directors in the ordinary shares of the Company, 
including family and trustee holdings, where appropriate, can be 
found on page 22 of the Annual Remuneration Report.

SUBSTANTIAL SHAREHOLDINGS 
At 31 December 2017, Sir Michael Heller and his family had an 
interest in 48.08 million shares of the Company, representing 56.35 
per cent of the issued share capital net of treasury shares (2016: 
48.08 million shares representing 56.35 per cent). Cavendish Asset 
Management Limited had an interest in 7,909,464 shares 
representing 9.27 per cent of the issued share capital of the 
Company (2016: 8,173,875 shares representing 9.58 per cent). 
James Hyslop had an interest in 4,846,258 shares representing 
5.68 per cent of the issued share capital of the Company (2016: 
4,456,258 shares representing 5.22 per cent).

The Company does not consider that the Heller family have a 
controlling share interest irrespective of the number of shares held 
as no individual party holds a majority and there is no legal obligation 
for shareholders to act in concert. The Directors do not consider that 
any single party has control.

The Company is not aware of any other holdings exceeding 3 per 
cent of the issued share capital. 

14  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

GOVERNANCE Directors & advisors

SHARE CAPITAL AND TAKEOVER DIRECTIVE
The Company has one class of share capital, namely ordinary shares. 
Each ordinary share carries one vote. All the ordinary shares rank pari 
passu. There are no securities issued by the Company which carry 
special rights with regard to control of the Company. 

The identity of all significant direct or indirect holders of securities in 
the Company and the size and nature of their holdings is shown in 
“Substantial Shareholdings” above.

The rights of the ordinary shares to which the HMRC approved Share 
Incentive Plan relates are exercisable by the trustees on behalf of the 
employees.

There are no restrictions on voting rights or on the transfer of ordinary 
shares in the Company, save in respect of treasury shares. The rules 
governing the appointment and replacement of Directors, alteration of 
the articles of association of the Company and the powers of the 
Company’s Directors accord with usual English company law provisions. 
Each Director is re-elected at least every three years. The Company has 
requested authority from shareholders to buy back its own ordinary 
shares and there will be a resolution to renew the authority at this 
year’s AGM (Resolution 12). 

The Company is not party to any significant agreements that take 
effect, alter or terminate upon a change of control of the Company 
following a takeover bid. The Company is not aware of any 
agreements between holders of its ordinary shares that may result in 
restrictions on the transfer of its ordinary shares or on voting rights.

There are no agreements between the Company and its Directors or 
employees providing for compensation for loss of office or 
employment that occurs because of a takeover bid.

STATEMENT AS TO DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION 
TO THE AUDITOR
The Directors in office at the date of approval of the financial 
statements have confirmed that, so far as they are aware, there is no 
relevant audit information of which the auditor is unaware. Each of 
the Directors has confirmed that they have taken all the steps that 
they ought to have taken as a Director in order to make them aware 
of any relevant audit information and to establish that it has been 
communicated to the auditor.

INDEMNITIES AND INSURANCE 
The Articles of Association of the company provide for it to 
indemnify, to the extent permitted by law, directors and officers 
(excluding the Auditor) of the company, including officers of 
subsidiaries and associated companies, against liabilities arising from 
the conduct of the Group’s business. The indemnities are qualifying 
third party indemnity provisions of the Companies Act 2006 and 
each of these qualifying third party indemnities was in force during 
the course of the financial year ended 31 December 2017 and as at 
the date of this Directors’ report. No amount has been paid under 
any of these indemnities during the year.

The Group maintains Directors and officers insurance, which is 
reviewed annually and is considered to be adequate by the Company 
and its insurance advisers.

DONATIONS
No political donations were made during the year (2016: £Nil). 
£1,000 of donations for charitable purposes were made during the 
year (2016: £2,000).

CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY

Environment
The environmental considerations of the group’s South African coal 
mining operations are covered in the Bisichi Mining PLC Strategic Report.

The group’s UK activities are principally property investment whereby 

premises are provided for rent to retail businesses. The group seeks 
to provide those tenants with good quality premises from which they 
can operate in an efficient and environmentally efficient manner and 
waste re-cycling arrangements are in place at all the company’s locations.

Greenhouse gas emissions
Details of the group’s greenhouse gas emissions for the year ended 
31 December 2017 can be found on pages 10 and 11 of the 
Strategic Report.

Employment
The group’s policy is to attract staff and motivate employees by offering 
competitive terms of employment. The group provides equal opportunities 
to all employees and prospective employees including those who are 
disabled. The Bisichi Mining PLC Strategic Report gives details of the 
group’s activities and policies concerning the employment, training, 
health and safety and community support and social development 
concerning the group’s employees in South Africa.

GOING CONCERN
The directors have reviewed the cash flow forecasts of the Group 
and the underlying assumptions on which they are based. The 
Group’s business activities, together with the factors likely to affect 
its future development, are set out in the Chairman’s and Chief 
Executive’s Statement and Financial Review. In addition, Note 23 to 
the financial statements sets out the Group’s objectives, policies and 
processes for managing its capital; its financial risk management 
objectives; details of its financial instruments and hedging activities; 
and its exposure to credit risk and liquidity risk.

With secured long term banking facilities, sound financial resources 
and long term leases in place the Directors believe it remains 
appropriate to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in 
preparing the annual financial statements.

The Bisichi directors continue to adopt the going concern basis of 
accounting in preparing the Bisichi annual financial statements.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The Corporate governance report can be found on pages 17 and 18 
of the annual report and accounts.

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
The Annual General Meeting will be held at the Royal Automobile 
Club, 89 Pall Mall, London, SW1Y 5HS on Tuesday 19 June 2018 at 
10.00 a.m. Items 1 to 10 and 14 will be proposed as ordinary 
resolutions. More than 50 per cent. of shareholders’ votes cast at the 
meeting must be in favour for those ordinary resolutions to be passed. 
Items 11 to 13 will be proposed as special resolutions. At least 75 per 
cent. of shareholders’ votes cast at the meeting must be in favour for 
those special resolutions to be passed. The Directors consider that all 
of the resolutions (other than 14), to be put to the meeting are in the 
best interests of the Company and its shareholders as a whole and 
accordingly the board unanimously recommends that shareholders 
vote in favour of all of the resolutions, other than 14, as the Directors 
intend to do in respect of their own beneficial holdings of ordinary 
shares. The Directors do not consider resolution 14 to be in the best 
interests of the Company and its shareholders as a whole. The 
Directors recommend that shareholders vote against this resolution.
Please note that the following paragraphs are only summaries of 
certain of the resolutions to be proposed at the Annual General 
Meeting and do not represent the full text of the resolutions. You 
should therefore read this section in conjunction with the full text of 
the resolutions contained in the notice of Annual General Meeting 
which accompanies this Directors’ Report.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  15

GOVERNANCE Directors & advisors

ORDINARY RESOLUTIONS

Resolution 10 – Authority to allot securities
Paragraph 10.1.1 of Resolution 10 would give the Directors the 
authority to allot shares in the Company and grant rights to 
subscribe for or convert any security into shares in the Company up 
to an aggregate nominal value of £2,836,478. This represents 
approximately 1/3 (one third) of the ordinary share capital of the 
Company in issue (excluding treasury shares) as at 26 April 2018 
(being the last practicable date prior to the publication of this 
Directors’ Report).

In line with guidance issued by the Investment Association (‘IA’), 
paragraph 10.1.2 of Resolution 10 would give the directors the 
authority to allot shares in the Company and grant rights to 
subscribe for or convert any security into shares in the Company up 
to a further aggregate nominal value of £2,836,478, in connection 
with an offer by way of a rights issue. This amount represents 
approximately 1/3 (one third) of the ordinary share capital of the 
Company in issue (excluding treasury shares) as at 26 April 2018 
(being the last practicable date prior to the publication of this 
Directors’ Report).

The Directors’ authority will expire on the earlier of 31 August 2019 
or the next AGM. The Directors do not currently intend to make use 
of this authority. However, if they do exercise the authority, the 
Directors intend to follow best practice as recommended by the IA 
regarding its use (including as regards the Directors standing for 
re-election in certain cases).

SPECIAL RESOLUTIONS
The following special resolutions will be proposed at the 
Annual General Meeting:

Resolution 11 – Disapplication of pre-emption rights
Under English company law, when new shares are allotted or 
treasury shares are sold for cash (otherwise than pursuant to an 
employee share scheme) they must first be offered at the same price 
to existing shareholders in proportion to their existing shareholdings. 
This special resolution gives the Directors authority, for the period 
ending on the date of the next annual general meeting to be held in 
2019, to: (a) allot shares of the Company and sell treasury shares for 
cash in connection with a rights issue or other pre-emptive offer; and 
(b) otherwise allot shares of the Company, or sell treasury shares, for 
cash up to an aggregate nominal value of £425,472 representing, in 
accordance with institutional investor guidelines, approximately 5 per 
cent. of the total ordinary share capital in issue as at 26 April 2018 
(being the last practicable date prior to the publication of this 
Directors’ Report) in each case as if the pre-emption rights in English 
company law did not apply. 

Save in respect of issues of shares in respect of employee share 
schemes and share dividend alternatives, the Directors do not 
currently intend to make use of these authorities. The board intends 
to adhere to the provisions in the Pre-emption Group’s Statement of 
Principles not to allot shares for cash on a non-pre-emptive basis in 
excess of an amount equal to 7.5 per cent. of the Company’s 
ordinary share capital within a rolling three-year period without prior 
consultation with shareholders. The Directors’ authority will expire 
on the earlier of 31 August 2019 or the date of next AGM.

16  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

Resolution 12 – Purchase of own ordinary shares
The effect of Resolution 12 would be to renew the Directors’ current 
authority to make limited market purchases of the Company’s 
ordinary shares of 10 pence each. The power is limited to a 
maximum aggregate number of 8,509,435 ordinary shares 
(representing approximately 10 per cent. of the Company’s issued 
share capital as at 26 April 2018 (being the latest practicable date 
prior to publication of this Directors’ Report)). The minimum price 
(exclusive of expenses) which the Company would be authorised to 
pay for each ordinary share would be 10 pence (the nominal value of 
each ordinary share). The maximum price (again exclusive of 
expenses) which the Company would be authorised to pay for an 
ordinary share is an amount equal to 105 per cent. of the average 
market price for an ordinary share for the five business days 
preceding any such purchase. The authority conferred by Resolution 
12 will expire at the conclusion of the Company’s next annual 
general meeting to be held in 2019 or 15 months from the passing 
of the resolution, whichever is the earlier. Any purchases of ordinary 
shares would be made by means of market purchases through the 
London Stock Exchange.

If granted, the authority would only be exercised if, in the opinion of 
the Directors, to do so would result in an increase in earnings per 
share or asset values per share and would be in the best interests of 
shareholders generally. In exercising the authority to purchase 
ordinary shares, the Directors may treat the shares that have been 
bought back as either cancelled or held as treasury shares (shares 
held by the Company itself). No dividends may be paid on shares 
which are held as treasury shares and no voting rights are attached 
to them. 

Resolution 13 – Notice of General Meetings
Resolution 13 shall be proposed to allow the Company to call 
general meetings (other than an Annual General Meeting) on 14 
clear days’ notice. A resolution in the same terms was passed at the 
Annual General Meeting in 2017. The notice period required by the 
Companies Act 2006 for general meetings of the Company is 21 
days, unless shareholders approve a shorter notice period, which 
cannot however be less than 14 clear days. Annual General Meetings 
must always be held on at least 21 clear days’ notice. It is intended 
that the flexibility offered by this resolution will only be used for 
time-sensitive, non-routine business and where merited in the 
interests of shareholders as a whole. The approval will be effective 
until the Company’s next Annual General Meeting, when it is 
intended that a similar resolution will be proposed.

OTHER MATTERS
RSM UK Audit LLP has expressed its willingness to continue in office 
as auditor. A proposal will be made at the Annual General Meeting 
for its reappointment.

By order of the board 

Anil Thapar  
Secretary

27 April 2018 
24 Bruton Place  
London 
W1J 6NE

GOVERNANCE

Corporate Governance

The Company has adopted the Corporate 
Governance Code for Small and Mid-Size 
Quoted Companies (the QCA Code) published 
by the Quoted Companies Alliance. The QCA 
Code provides governance guidance to small 
and mid-size quoted companies. The 
paragraphs below set out how the Company 
has applied this guidance during the year. The 
Company has complied with the QCA Code 
throughout the year. 

PRINCIPLES OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The board promotes good corporate governance in the areas of risk 
management and accountability as a positive contribution to 
business prosperity. The board endeavors to apply corporate 
governance principles in a sensible and pragmatic fashion having 
regard to the circumstances of the business. The key objective is to 
enhance and protect shareholder value.

BOARD STRUCTURE
During the year the board comprised the Chairman, the Chief 
Executive, one other executive Director and three non-executive 
Directors. Their details appear on page 12 The board is responsible 
to shareholders for the proper management of the Group.

The Directors’ responsibilities statement in respect of the accounts is 
set out on page 27. The non-executive Directors have a particular 
responsibility to ensure that the strategies proposed by the executive 
Directors are fully considered. To enable the board to discharge its 
duties, all Directors have full and timely access to all relevant 
information and there is a procedure for all Directors, in furtherance 
of their duties, to take independent professional advice, if necessary, 
at the expense of the Group. The board has a formal schedule of 
matters reserved to it and normally has eleven regular meetings 
scheduled each year. Additional meetings are held for special 
business when required. 

The board is responsible for overall Group strategy, approval of major 
capital expenditure and consideration of significant financial and 
operational matters.

The board committees, which have written terms of reference, deal 
with specific aspects of the Group’s affairs: 

•   The nomination committee is chaired by C A Parritt and comprises 
one other non-executive Director and the executive Chairman. 
The committee is responsible for proposing candidates for 
appointment to the board, having regard to the balance and 
structure of the board. In appropriate cases recruitment 
consultants may be used to assist the process. All Directors are 
subject to re-election at a maximum of every three years.

•   The remuneration committee is responsible for making 

recommendations to the board on the Company’s framework of 
executive remuneration and its cost. The committee determines 

the contract terms, remuneration and other benefits for each of 
the executive directors, including performance related bonus 
schemes, pension rights and compensation payments. The board 
itself determines the remuneration of the non-executive Directors. 
The committee comprises two non-executive Directors and it is 
chaired by C A Parritt. The executive Chairman of the board is 
normally invited to attend. The Annual Remuneration Report is 
set out on pages 20 to 23.

•   The audit committee comprises two non-executive Directors and 

is chaired by C A Parritt. The audit committee report, with its terms 
of reference, is set out on page 26 The Chief Executive and 
Finance Director are normally invited to attend.

BOARD AND BOARD COMMITTEE MEETINGS HELD 
IN 2017
The number of regular meetings during the year and attendance was 
as follows:

Sir Michael Heller  Board

Nomination committee

J A Heller 

A K Thapar 

C A Parritt

H D Goldring 

R Priest

Remuneration 
committee
Board

Audit committee
Board

Audit committee
Board

Audit committee

Nomination committee

Remuneration 
committee
Board

Audit committee

Nomination committee

Remuneration 
committee
Board

MEETINGS 
HELD
10

MEETINGS 
ATTENDED
10

1

1

10

2
10

2
10

2

1

1

10

2

1

1

10

1

1

10

2
9

2
10

2

1

1

10

2

1

1

7

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION – BOARD, 
BOARD COMMITTEES AND DIRECTORS
The performance of the board as a whole, its committees and the 
non-executive Directors is assessed by the Chairman and the Chief 
Executive and is discussed with the senior independent non-
executive Director. Their recommendations are discussed at the 
nomination committee prior to proposals for re-election being 
recommended to the board. The performance of executive Directors 
is discussed and assessed by the remuneration committee. The 
senior independent Director meets regularly with the Chairman, 
executive and non-executive Directors individually outside of formal 
meetings. The Directors will take outside advice in reviewing 
performance but have not found this to be necessary to date.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  17

GOVERNANCE Corporate Governance

INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS
The senior independent non-executive Director is C A Parritt. The 
other independent non-executive Directors are H D Goldring and R 
Priest. Delmore Holdings Limited (Delmore) is a Company in which H 
D Goldring is the majority shareholder and the Executive Chairman. 
Delmore provides consultancy services to the Company on a fee 
paying basis. R Priest provides services to the Company on a fee 
paying basis. C A Parritt also provides some advisory services as part 
of his accounting practice.

The board encourages all three non-executive Directors to act 
independently and does not consider that length of service of any 
individual non-executive Director, nor any connection with the 
above mentioned consultancy and advisory companies, has resulted 
in the inability or failure to act independently. In the opinion of the 
board the three non-executive Directors continue to fulfil their roles 
as independent non-executive Directors. 

The independent Directors exchange views regularly between board 
meetings and meet when required to discuss corporate governance 
and other issues concerning the Group.

INTERNAL CONTROL
The Directors are responsible for the Group’s system of internal 
control and for reviewing its effectiveness at least annually, and for 
the preparation and review of its financial statements. The board has 
designed the Group’s system of internal control in order to provide 
the Directors with reasonable assurance that assets are safeguarded, 
that transactions are authorised and properly recorded and that 
material errors and irregularities are either prevented or would be 
detected within a timely period. However, no system of internal 
control can eliminate the risk of failure to achieve business objectives 
or provide absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss. 
The key elements of the control system in operation are:

•   The board meets regularly on full notice with a formal schedule of 

matters reserved for its decision and has put in place an 
organisational structure with clearly defined lines of responsibility 
and with appropriate delegation of authority;

•   There are established procedures for planning, approval and 

monitoring of capital expenditure and information systems for 
monitoring the Group’s financial performance against approved 
budgets and forecasts;

18  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

•   The departmental heads are required annually to undertake a full 
assessment process to identify and quantify the risks that face 
their departments and functions, and assess the adequacy of the 
prevention, monitoring and modification practices in place for 
those risks. In addition, regular reports about significant risks and 
associated control and monitoring procedures are made to the 
executive Directors. The process adopted by the Group accords 
with the guidance contained in the document “Internal Control 
Guidance for Directors on the Combined Code” issued by the 
Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales. The 
audit committee receives reports from external auditors and from 
executive Directors of the Group. During the period the audit 
committee has reviewed the effectiveness of the system of 
internal control as described above. The board receives periodic 
reports from all committees.

•   There are established procedures for the presentation and review 

of the financial statements and the Group has in place an 
organisational structure with clearly defined lines of responsibility 
and with appropriate delegation of authority. 

There are no internal control issues to report in the annual report 
and financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017. Up 
to the date of approval of this report and the financial statements, 
the board has not been required to deal with any related material 
internal control issues. The Directors confirm that the board has 
reviewed the effectiveness of the system of internal control as 
described during the period.

COMMUNICATION WITH SHAREHOLDERS
Prompt communication with shareholders is given high priority. 
Extensive information about the Group and its activities is provided 
in the Annual Report. In addition, a half-year report is produced for 
each financial year and published on the Company’s website. The 
Company’s website www.lap.co.uk is updated promptly with 
announcements and Annual Reports upon publication. Copies from 
previous years are also available on the website. 

The Company’s share price is published daily in the Financial Times.  
The share price history and market information can be found at 
http://www.londonstockexchange.com/prices-and-markets/markets/
prices.htm. The company code is LAS. 

There is a regular dialogue with the Company’s stockbrokers and 
institutional investors. Enquiries from individuals on matters relating 
to their shareholdings and the business of the Group are dealt with 
promptly and informatively.

The Company’s website is under continuous development to enable 
better communication with both existing and potential new 
shareholders. 

THE BRIBERY ACT 2010
The Company is committed to acting ethically, fairly and with 
integrity in all its endeavours and compliance with the code is 
monitored closely. 

GOVERNANCE

Governance Statement by the Chairman 
of The Remuneration Committee

The remuneration committee is pleased to present 
its report for the year ended 31 December 2017. 
The report is presented in two parts in accordance 
with the regulations.

The first part is the Annual Remuneration Report which details 
remuneration awarded to Directors and non-executive Directors 
during the year. The shareholders will be asked to approve the 
Annual Remuneration Report as an ordinary resolution (as in 
previous years) at the AGM in June 2018. 

The second part is the Remuneration Policy which details the 
remuneration policy for Directors. This policy was subject to a 
binding vote by shareholders at the AGM in 2017 and was approved 
for a 3 year period commencing from then. The committee reviewed 
the existing policy and deemed that no changes were necessary to 
the current arrangements. 

Both of the reports have been prepared in accordance with The 
Large and Medium-sized Companies and Groups (Accounts and 
Reports) (Amendment) Regulations 2013.

The Company’s auditor, RSM UK Audit LLP is required by law to 
audit certain disclosures and where disclosures have been audited 
that is indicated.

C A Parritt 
Chairman, Remuneration Committee

27 April 2018

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  19

GOVERNANCE

Annual remuneration report

THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION HAS BEEN AUDITED 

Single total figure of remuneration for the year ended 31 December 2017 

SALARY AND 
FEES
£'000

BONUSES
£'000

BENEFITS
£'000

PENSIONS
£'000

TOTAL  
BEFORE 
SHARE 
OPTIONS
£'000 

SHARE 
OPTIONS
£'000 

TOTAL 2017
£'000 

Executive Directors
Sir Michael Heller*
Sir Michael Heller - Bisichi
J A Heller
A K Thapar

Non-executive Directors
H D Goldring*+
C A Parritt*+
R Priest*

Total 

7
75
333
157
572

17
38
35
90
662

-
-
100
30
130

-
-
-
-
130

49
-
37
9
95

7
-
-
7
102

-
-
17
10
27

-
-
-
-
27

Single total figure of remuneration for the year ended 31 December 2016 

Executive Directors
Sir Michael Heller*
Sir Michael Heller - Bisichi
J A Heller
A K Thapar

Non-executive Directors
H D Goldring*+
C A Parritt*+
R Priest*

Total 

* Note 28 “Related party transactions”

SALARY AND 
FEES
£'000

BONUSES
£'000

BENEFITS
£'000

PENSIONS
£'000

7
75
333
152
567

32
38
51
121
688

-
-
166
35
201

-
-
-
-
201

43
-
40
11
94

5
-
-
5
99

-
-
30
15
45

-
-
-
-
45

+ Members of the remuneration committee for years ended 31 December 2016 and 31 December 2017

Benefits include the provision of car, health and other insurance and subscriptions.

56
75
487
206
824

24
38
35
97
921

TOTAL  
BEFORE 
SHARE 
OPTIONS
£'000 

50
75
569
213
907

37
38
51
126
1,033

n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
-

n/a
n/a
n/a
-
-

56
75
487
206
824

24
38
35
97
921

SHARE 
OPTIONS
£'000 

TOTAL 2016
£'000 

n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
-

n/a
n/a
n/a
-
-

50
75
569
213
907

37
38
51
126
1,033

Sir Michael Heller is a director of Bisichi Mining PLC, (a subsidiary for 
IFRS 10 purposes) and received a salary from that company of 
£75,000 (2016: £75,000) for services. 

Although Sir Michael Heller receives reduced remuneration in 
respect of his services to LAP, the Company does supply office 
premises, property management, general management, accounting 
and administration services for a number of companies in which Sir 
Michael Heller has an interest. The board estimates that the annual 
value of these services, if supplied to a third party, would have been 
£300,000 (2016: £300,000). Further details of these services are set 
out in Note 28 to the financial statements “Related party 
transactions”.

J A Heller is a director of Dragon Retail Properties Limited, (a 
subsidiary for IFRS 10 purposes) and received benefits from that 
company of £10,698 (2016: £11,336) for services. This is included in 
the remuneration figures disclosed above.

The remuneration figures disclosed for H D Goldring include fees 
paid to his company, Delmore Holdings Limited for consultancy 
services provided to the Group. This is detailed in Note 28 to the 
financial statements.

The remuneration figures for C A Parritt include fees paid to his 
accountancy practice for consultancy services provided to the 
Group. This is detailed in Note 28 to the financial statements.

R Priest provides consultancy services to the Group. This is detailed 
in Note 28 to the financial statements. 

20  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

GOVERNANCE Annual remuneration report

Summary of directors’ terms

Executive Directors
Sir Michael Heller
John Heller
Anil Thapar
Non-executive Directors
H D Goldring
C A Parritt
R Priest

DATE OF CONTRACT

UNEXPIRED TERM

NOTICE PERIOD

1 January 1971
1 May 2003
1 January 2015

1 July 1992
1 January 2006
31 July 2013

Continuous
Continuous
Continuous

Continuous
Continuous
Continuous

6 months
12 months
3 months

3 months
3 months
3 months

TOTAL PENSION ENTITLEMENTS 
Two directors had benefits under money purchase schemes. Under their contracts of employment, they were entitled to a regular employer 
contribution (currently £17,000 and £10,000 a year). There are no final salary schemes in operation. No pension costs are incurred on behalf 
of non-executive Directors.

SHARE INCENTIVE PLAN (SIP)
In 2006 the Directors set up an HMRC approved share incentive plan (SIP). The purpose of the plan, which is open to all eligible LAP 
executive Directors and head office based staff, is to enable them to acquire shares in the Company and give them a continuing stake in the 
Group. The SIP comprises four types of share – (1) free shares under which the Company may award shares of up to the value of £3,000 
each year, (2) partnership shares, under which members may save up to £1,500 per annum to acquire shares, (3) matching shares, through 
which the Company may award up to two shares for each share acquired as a partnership share, and (4) dividend shares, acquired from 
dividends paid on shares within the SIP.

1. Free shares: No free shares were issued for 2017 bonuses or for 2016 bonuses. 

2. Partnership shares: No partnership shares were issued between November 2016 and October 2017.

3.  Matching shares: The partnership share agreements for the year to 31 October 2017 provide for two matching shares to be awarded free 
of charge for each partnership share acquired. No partnership shares were acquired in 2017 (2016: nil). Matching shares will usually be 
forfeited if a member leaves employment in the Group within five years of their grant.

4.  Dividend shares: Dividends on shares acquired under the SIP will be utilised to acquire additional shares. Accumulated dividends received 

on shares in the SIP to 31 December 2017 amounted to £Nil (2016: £602).

Dividend shares issued:

Directors:

J A Heller
  A K Thapar
Staff
Total at 31 December 

NUMBER OF MEMBERS

NUMBER OF SHARES

VALUE OF SHARES

2017 

2016

2017

2016

-
-
-
-

1
1
6
8

-
-
-
-

402
495
1,934
2,831

2017
£

-
-
-
-

2016
£

85
105
412
602

The SIP is set up as an employee benefit trust. The trustee is London & Associated Securities Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of LAP, and 
all shares and dividends acquired under the SIP will be held by the trustee until transferred to members in accordance with the rules of the SIP. 

SHARE OPTION SCHEMES
The Company has an HMRC approved scheme (Approved Scheme). It was set up in 1986 in accordance with HMRC rules to gain HMRC 
approved status which gave the members certain tax advantages. There are no performance criteria for the exercise of options under the 
Approved Scheme, as this was set up before such requirements were considered to be necessary. No Director has any options outstanding 
under the Approved Scheme nor were any options granted under the Approved Scheme for the year ended 31 December 2017.

A share option scheme known as the “Non-approved Executive Share Option Scheme” (Unapproved Scheme) which does not have HMRC 
approval was set up during 2000. At 31 December 2017 there were no options to subscribe for ordinary shares outstanding. The exercise of 
options under the Unapproved Scheme is subject to the satisfaction of objective performance conditions specified by the remuneration 
committee which conforms to institutional shareholder guidelines and best practice provisions. Further details of this scheme are set out in 
Note 26 “Share Capital” to the financial statements.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  21

 
GOVERNANCE Annual remuneration report

PAYMENTS TO PAST DIRECTORS 
No payments were made to past Directors in the year ended 31 December 2017.

PAYMENTS FOR LOSS OF OFFICE
No payments for loss of office were made in the year ended 31 December 2017. 

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ SHAREHOLDING AND SHARE INTEREST

Directors’ interests
The interests of the Directors in the ordinary shares of the Company, including family and trustee holdings, where appropriate, were as follows:

Sir Michael Heller
H D Goldring
J A Heller 
C A Parritt 
R Priest
A K Thapar

BENEFICIAL 
 INTERESTS

NON-BENEFICIAL 
INTERESTS

31 DEC 17
5,753,541
19,819
1,867,393
36,168
-
120,495

1 JAN 17
6,053,541
19,819 
1,867,393
36,168
-
120,495

31 DEC 17
19,277,931
-
†14,073,485
-
-
-

1 JAN 17
19,277,931
-
†14,073,485
-
-
-

†These non-beneficial holdings are duplicated with those of Sir Michael Heller.

The beneficial holdings of Directors shown above include their interests in the Share Incentive Plan.

THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION IS UNAUDITED:
The graph illustrates the Company’s performance as compared with a broad equity market index over a five year period. Performance is 
measured by total shareholder return. The directors have chosen the FTSE All Share – Total Return Index as a suitable index for this 
comparison as it gives an indication of performance against a large spread of quoted companies. 

The middle market price of London & Associated Properties PLC ordinary shares at 31 December 2017 was 24.50p (2016: 21p). During the 
year the share middle market price ranged between 18.25p and 24.50p. 

Total Shareholder Return

220

200

180

160

140

120

100

80

31/12/2012

31/12/2013

31/12/2014

31/12/2015

31/12/2016

31/12/2017

–– London & Associated Properties

–– FTSE All Share Index

22  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

GOVERNANCE Annual remuneration report

REMUNERATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OVER THE LAST TEN YEARS 

YEAR
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008

CEO
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller

CHIEF EXECUTIVE SINGLE  
TOTAL FIGURE OF  
REMUNERATION 
£'000
487
569
762
835
716
417
671
577
982
688

ANNUAL BONUS PAYMENT 
AGAINST MAXIMUM 
OPPORTUNITY*
%
11%
18%
41 %
49 %
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

LONG-TERM INCENTIVE 
VESTING RATES  
AGAINST MAXIMUM 
OPPORTUNITY*
%
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

*There were no formal criteria or conditions to apply in determining the amount of bonus payable or the number of shares to be issued prior to 2014.

PERCENTAGE CHANGE IN CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S REMUNERATION (AUDITED) 
The table below shows the percentage change in Chief Executive remuneration for the prior year compared to the average percentage 
change for all other Head Office based employees. To provide a meaningful comparison, the same group of employees (although not 
necessarily the same individuals) appears in the 2016 and 2017 group. The remuneration committee chose head office based employees as 
the comparator group as this group forms the closest comparator group.

Base salary and allowances
Taxable benefits
Annual bonus
Total

CHIEF EXECUTIVE 
£'000

HEAD OFFICE EMPLOYEES 
£'000

2017
333
37
100
470

2016
333
40
166
539

% CHANGE
0%
(7.5%)
(39.75%)
(12.8%)

2017
643
81
80
804

2016
692
77
97
866

% CHANGE
(7.1%)
5.2%
(17.5%)
(7.2%)

RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF SPEND ON PAY
The total expenditure of the Group on remuneration to all employees (Note 29 refers) is shown below:

Employee Remuneration
Distributions to shareholders

STATEMENT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF 
REMUNERATION POLICY
The policy was approved at the AGM in June 2017 and was effective 
from 6 June 2017. The vote on the remuneration policy is binding in 
nature. The Company may not then make a remuneration payment 
or payment for loss of office to a person who is, is to be, or has been 
a director of the Company unless that payment is consistent with the 
approved remuneration policy, or has otherwise been approved by a 
resolution of members. It is to be presented for approval at the 
forthcoming AGM.

2017
£'000 
8,113
141

2016
£'000 
7,173 
136 

CONSIDERATION BY THE DIRECTORS OF MATTERS 
RELATING TO DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION
The Remuneration Committee considered the executive Directors’ 
remuneration and the board considered the non-executive Directors’ 
remuneration in the year ended 31 December 2017. No increases 
were awarded and no external advice was taken in reaching this 
decision. 

SHAREHOLDER VOTING
At the Annual General Meeting on 6 June 2017, there was an 
advisory vote on the resolution to approve the Remuneration Report, 
other than the part containing the remuneration policy.

In addition, on 6 June 2017, there was a binding vote on the 
resolution to approve the Remuneration Policy. The results are 
detailed below:

Resolution to approve the Remuneration Report 
Resolution to approve the Remuneration Policy 

% OF VOTES  
FOR 
83.16 
83.14 

% OF VOTES  
AGAINST 
0.18 
16.69 

NUMBER OF VOTES 
WITHHELD
9,765,315
89,602

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  23

GOVERNANCE

Remuneration policy

INTRODUCTION

Set out below is the LAP Group policy on directors’ 
remuneration (excluding Bisichi). This policy was 
approved at the 2017 AGM and it is effective from 
6 June 2017. Unless changed it will be presented 
next for approval at the AGM in 2020.

FUTURE POLICY TABLE

A copy of the full policy can be found at www.lap.co.uk.

In setting the policy, the Remuneration Committee has taken 
the following into account:

•   The need to attract, retain and motivate individuals of a 

calibre who will ensure successful leadership and 
management of the company

PURPOSE

Pension 

ELEMENT
Executive directors
Base salary 

To recognise:
Skills  
Responsibility 
Accountability  
Experience 
Value
To provide competitive retirement benefits

Benefits 

To provide a competitive benefits package

Annual  
bonus

To reward and incentivise

POLICY

OPERATION

OPPORTUNITY AND PERFORMANCE CONDITIONS

Considered by remuneration committee on appointment
Set at a level considered appropriate to attract, retain, motivate and 
reward the right individuals

Reviewed annually whenever there is a change  

There is no prescribed maximum salary or maximum rate of increase

of role or operational responsibility

Paid monthly in cash

No individual director will be awarded a base salary in excess of £700,000 a year

No specific performance conditions are attached to base salaries

Company contribution offered at up to 10% of base salary as part of 
overall remuneration package

Contractual benefits include:
Car or car allowance
Group health cover
Death in service cover
Permanent health insurance
In assessing the performance of the executive team, and in particular to 
determine whether bonuses are merited the remuneration committee 
takes into account the overall performance of the business, as well as  
individual contribution to the business in the period

The contribution payable by the Company is 

Company contribution offered at up to 10% of base salary as part of overall 

included in the director’s contract of employment 

remuneration package

Paid into money purchase schemes

No specific performance conditions are attached to pension contributions

The committee retains the discretion to approve 

The costs associated with benefits offered are closely controlled and reviewed on an 

changes in contractual benefits in exceptional 

circumstances or where factors outside the 

control of the Group lead to increased costs  

(e.g. medical inflation)

annual basis

No director will receive benefits of a value in excess of 30% of their base salary

No specific performance conditions are attached to contractual benefits

The remuneration committee determines the 

level of bonus on an annual basis

The current maximum bonus will not exceed 200% of base salary in any one year 

but the remuneration committee reserves the power to award up to 300% in an 

In assessing performance consideration is given 

exceptional year

to the level of net rental income, cash flow, voids, 

Performance conditions will be assessed on an annual basis

The performance measures applied may be financial, non-financial, corporate, 

divisional or individual and in such proportion as the remuneration committee 

considers appropriate

realised development gains and income from 

managing joint ventures. Achieved results are 

then compared with expectation taking account 

of market conditions

Bonuses are generally offered in cash or shares

Offered at appropriate times by the  

remuneration committee 

Entitlements to share options granted under the Approved Option scheme are not 

subject to performance criteria. Share Options granted under the Unapproved Scheme 

are subject to the performance criteria specified in the Scheme rules

The aggregate number of shares over which options may be granted under all of the 

company’s option schemes (including any options and awards granted under the 

company’s employee share plans) in any period of ten years, will not exceed, at the 

time of grant, 10 % of the ordinary share capital of the company from time to time

Share options will be offered by the remuneration committee as appropriate

in ‘Free Shares’ under the SIP scheme rules

Reviewed annually

No individual non-executive director will be awarded a base salary in excess of 

£40,000 a year

No performance conditions are attached to base salaries

The committee retains the discretion to approve 

The costs associated with benefits offered are closely controlled and reviewed on an 

changes in contractual benefits in exceptional 

circumstances or where factors outside the 

control of the Group lead to increased costs (e.g. 

annual basis

medical inflation)

No non-executive director will receive benefits in excess of £10,000 a year

No specific performance conditions are attached to contractual benefits

Share  
options 

To provide executive directors with  
a long-term interest in the company

Share options may be granted under existing schemes (see page 21)
Where it is necessary to attract, retain, motivate and reward the right 
individuals, the directors may establish new schemes to replace any 
expired schemes

Share incentive 
plan (SIP)

To offer a shorter term incentive in the 
company and to give directors a stake  
in the group

Non-executive directors 
Base salary

To recognise:
Skills 
Responsibility 
Experience 
Risk 
Value

Pension
Benefits

Share  
options

Offered to executive directors and head office staff

Maximum participation levels are set by HMRC Of any bonus awarded, Directors may opt to have maximum of £3,000 per year paid 

Considered by the board on appointment
Set at a level considered appropriate to attract, retain and motivate the 
individual 
Experience and time required for the role are considered on 
appointment

No pension offered
No benefits offered except to one non-executive director who is 
eligible for health cover (see annual remuneration report page 20) 

Non-executive directors do not participate in the share option schemes

Notes to the Remuneration Policy
The remuneration committee considers the performance measures outlined in the table above to be appropriate measures of performance 
and that the KPIs chosen align the interests of the directors and shareholders. 

24  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

GOVERNANCE Remuneration policy

•   The LAP Group’s general aim of seeking to reward all employees 
fairly according to the nature of their role and their performance

•  Remuneration packages offered to similar companies within the 

same sector

•  The need to align the interests of shareholders as a whole with 

the long-term growth of the Group; and

•  The need to be flexible and adjust with operational changes 

throughout the term of this policy

The remuneration of non-executive directors is determined by the 
board, and takes into account additional remuneration for services 
outside the scope of the ordinary duties of non-executive directors.

FUTURE POLICY TABLE

ELEMENT

PURPOSE

Executive directors

Base salary 

To recognise:

Skills  

Responsibility 

Accountability  

Experience 

Value

Pension 

To provide competitive retirement benefits

Company contribution offered at up to 10% of base salary as part of 

Benefits 

To provide a competitive benefits package

Contractual benefits include:

overall remuneration package

Car or car allowance

Group health cover

Death in service cover

Permanent health insurance

Annual  

bonus

To reward and incentivise

In assessing the performance of the executive team, and in particular to 

determine whether bonuses are merited the remuneration committee 

takes into account the overall performance of the business, as well as  

individual contribution to the business in the period

Share  

options 

To provide executive directors with  

a long-term interest in the company

Share options may be granted under existing schemes (see page 21)

Where it is necessary to attract, retain, motivate and reward the right 

individuals, the directors may establish new schemes to replace any 

expired schemes

Share incentive 

plan (SIP)

To offer a shorter term incentive in the 

company and to give directors a stake  

in the group

Non-executive directors 

Base salary

To recognise:

Skills 

Responsibility 

Experience 

Risk 

Value

Pension

Benefits

Share  

options

Experience and time required for the role are considered on 

individual 

appointment

No pension offered

No benefits offered except to one non-executive director who is 

eligible for health cover (see annual remuneration report page 20) 

Non-executive directors do not participate in the share option schemes

POLICY

OPERATION

OPPORTUNITY AND PERFORMANCE CONDITIONS

Considered by remuneration committee on appointment

Set at a level considered appropriate to attract, retain, motivate and 

reward the right individuals

Reviewed annually whenever there is a change  
of role or operational responsibility
Paid monthly in cash

There is no prescribed maximum salary or maximum rate of increase
No individual director will be awarded a base salary in excess of £700,000 a year
No specific performance conditions are attached to base salaries

The contribution payable by the Company is 
included in the director’s contract of employment 
Paid into money purchase schemes
The committee retains the discretion to approve 
changes in contractual benefits in exceptional 
circumstances or where factors outside the 
control of the Group lead to increased costs  
(e.g. medical inflation)

Company contribution offered at up to 10% of base salary as part of overall 
remuneration package
No specific performance conditions are attached to pension contributions
The costs associated with benefits offered are closely controlled and reviewed on an 
annual basis
No director will receive benefits of a value in excess of 30% of their base salary
No specific performance conditions are attached to contractual benefits

The remuneration committee determines the 
level of bonus on an annual basis
In assessing performance consideration is given 
to the level of net rental income, cash flow, voids, 
realised development gains and income from 
managing joint ventures. Achieved results are 
then compared with expectation taking account 
of market conditions
Bonuses are generally offered in cash or shares
Offered at appropriate times by the  
remuneration committee 

The current maximum bonus will not exceed 200% of base salary in any one year 
but the remuneration committee reserves the power to award up to 300% in an 
exceptional year
Performance conditions will be assessed on an annual basis
The performance measures applied may be financial, non-financial, corporate, 
divisional or individual and in such proportion as the remuneration committee 
considers appropriate

Entitlements to share options granted under the Approved Option scheme are not 
subject to performance criteria. Share Options granted under the Unapproved Scheme 
are subject to the performance criteria specified in the Scheme rules
The aggregate number of shares over which options may be granted under all of the 
company’s option schemes (including any options and awards granted under the 
company’s employee share plans) in any period of ten years, will not exceed, at the 
time of grant, 10 % of the ordinary share capital of the company from time to time
Share options will be offered by the remuneration committee as appropriate

Offered to executive directors and head office staff

Maximum participation levels are set by HMRC Of any bonus awarded, Directors may opt to have maximum of £3,000 per year paid 

in ‘Free Shares’ under the SIP scheme rules

Considered by the board on appointment

Set at a level considered appropriate to attract, retain and motivate the 

Reviewed annually

No individual non-executive director will be awarded a base salary in excess of 
£40,000 a year
No performance conditions are attached to base salaries

The committee retains the discretion to approve 
changes in contractual benefits in exceptional 
circumstances or where factors outside the 
control of the Group lead to increased costs (e.g. 
medical inflation)

The costs associated with benefits offered are closely controlled and reviewed on an 
annual basis
No non-executive director will receive benefits in excess of £10,000 a year
No specific performance conditions are attached to contractual benefits

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  25

GOVERNANCE

Audit committee report

The committee’s terms of reference have been 
approved by the board and follow published 
guidelines, which are available on request from 
the company secretary.

At the year end the audit committee comprised two of the non-
executive directors – H D Goldring and C A Parritt, both of whom 
are Chartered Accountants.

The audit committee’s primary tasks are to:

MEETINGS
The committee meets at least twice prior to the publication of the 
annual results and discusses and considers the half year results prior 
to their approval by the board. The audit committee meetings are 
attended by the external audit partner, chief executive, finance 
director and company secretary. During the year the members of the 
committee also meet on an informal basis to discuss any relevant 
matters which may have arisen. Additional formal meetings may be 
held as necessary.

•   review the scope of external audit, to receive regular reports from 

During the past year the committee:

RSM UK Audit LLP and to review the half-yearly and annual 
accounts before they are presented to the board, focusing in 
particular on accounting policies and areas of management 
judgement and estimation;

•   monitor the controls which are in force to ensure the integrity of 

the information reported to the shareholders;

•   act as a forum for discussion of internal control issues and 
contribute to the board’s review of the effectiveness of the 
Group’s internal control and risk management systems and 
processes; 

•   to review the risk assessments made by management, consider key 
risks with action taken to mitigate these and to act as a forum for 
discussion of risk issues and contribute to the board’s review of 
the effectiveness of the Group’s risk management control and 
processes; 

•  consider once a year the need for an internal audit function;

•   advise the board on the appointment of the external auditors, the 

rotation of the audit partner every five years and on their 
remuneration for both audit and non-audit work; discuss the 
nature and scope of their audit work and undertake a formal 
assessment of their independence each year, which includes:

 i) 

ii) 

 a review of non-audit services provided to the Group and 
related fees;

 discussion with the auditors of their written report detailing all 
relationships with the Company and any other parties that 
could affect independence or the perception of independence;

iii)   a review of the auditors’ own procedures for ensuring the 

independence of the audit firm and partners and staff involved 
in the audit, including the regular rotation of the audit partner; 
and

iv)   obtaining a written confirmation from the auditors that, in 

their professional judgement, they are independent.

•   met with the external auditors, and discussed their reports to the 

audit committee;

•  approved the publication of annual and half year financial results;

•  considered and approved the annual review of internal controls;

•   decided that there was no current need for an internal audit 

function;

•   agreed the independence of the auditors and approved their fees 
for both audit and non-audit services as set out in Note 2 to the 
financial statements; and

•   the chairman of the audit committee has also had separate 
meetings and discussions with the external audit partner.

FINANCIAL REPORTING 
As part of its role, the Audit Committee assessed the audit findings 
that were considered most significant to the financial statements, 
including those areas requiring significant judgement and/or 
estimation. When assessing the identified financial reporting matters, 
the committee assessed quantitative materiality primarily by 
reference to the carrying value of the group’s total assets, given that 
the group operates a principally asset based business. When 
determining quantitative materiality, the Board also gave 
consideration to the value of revenues generated by the group and 
net asset value, given that they are key trading and business KPIs. 
The qualitative aspects of any financial reporting matters identified 
during the audit process were also considered when assessing their 
materiality. Based on the considerations set out above we have 
considered quantitative errors individually or in aggregate in excess 
of approximately £0.8 million in relation to the consolidated balance 
sheet and £0.3 million for underlying profitability and the Bisichi 
group to be material.

EXTERNAL AUDITOR
RSM UK Audit LLP held office throughout the period under review. 
In the United Kingdom London & Associated Properties PLC 
provides extensive administration and accounting services to Bisichi 
Mining PLC, which has its own audit committee and employs BDO 
LLP, a separate and independent firm of registered auditor.

C A Parritt  
Chairman – Audit Committee

27 April 2018

26  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

 
 
 
 
GOVERNANCE

Directors’ responsibilities statement

The Directors are responsible for preparing the 
Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report, the 
Directors’ Remuneration Report and the 
financial statements in accordance with 
applicable law and regulations.

English company law requires the Directors to prepare Group and 
Company financial statements for each financial year. The Directors 
are required under the Listing Rules of the Financial Conduct 
Authority to prepare Group financial statements in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as adopted by 
the European Union (“EU”) and have elected under English company 
law to prepare the Company financial statements in accordance with 
United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United 
Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law) including FRS101 
‘Reduced Disclosure Framework’. 

The Group financial statements are required by law and IFRS 
adopted by the EU to present fairly the financial position and 
performance of the Group; the Companies Act 2006 provides in 
relation to such financial statements that references in the relevant 
part of that Act to financial statements giving a true and fair view are 
references to their achieving a fair presentation.

Under English company law the Directors must not approve the 
financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true 
and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and the Company 
and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period. 

In preparing each of the Group and Company financial statements, 
the Directors are required to:

a.  select suitable accounting policies and then apply them 

consistently;

b.  make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable 

and prudent;

c.  for the Group financial statements, state whether they have been 
prepared in accordance with IFRS adopted by the EU and for the 
company financial statements state whether applicable UK 
accounting standards have been followed, subject to any material 
departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; 
and

d.  prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless 
it is inappropriate to presume that the Group and the Company 
will continue in business.

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting 
records that are sufficient to show and explain the Group’s and the 
Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any 
time the financial position of the Group and the Company and 
enable them to ensure that the financial statements and the 
Directors’ Remuneration Report comply with the Companies Act 
2006 and, as regards the Group financial statements, Article 4 of the 
IAS Regulations. They are also responsible for safeguarding the 
assets of the Group and the Company and hence for taking 
reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other 
irregularities.

DIRECTORS’ STATEMENT PURSUANT TO THE 
DISCLOSURE GUIDANCE AND TRANSPARENCY RULES
Each of the directors, whose names and functions are listed on 
page 12, confirms that to the best of each person’s knowledge:

a.  the financial statements, prepared in accordance with the 

applicable set of accounting standards, give a true and fair view of 
the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit of the Company 
and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a 
whole; and

b.  the Strategic Report contained in the Annual Report includes a fair 
review of the development and performance of the business and 
the position of the Company and the undertakings included in the 
consolidation taken as a whole, together with a description of the 
principal risks and uncertainties that they face.

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of 
the corporate and financial information included on the London & 
Associated Properties PLC website.

Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and 
dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in 
other jurisdictions.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  27

GOVERNANCE

Independent auditor’s report
TO THE MEMBERS OF LONDON & ASSOCIATED PROPERTIES PLC

Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of 
London & Associated Properties PLC (“the 
parent company”) and its subsidiaries (“the 
group”) for the year ended 31 December 2017 
which comprise the consolidated income 
statement, the consolidated statement of 
comprehensive income, the consolidated 
balance sheet, the consolidated statement of 
changes in equity, the consolidated cash flow 
statement, the parent company balance sheet, 
the parent company statement of changes in 
equity and notes to the financial statements, 
including a summary of significant accounting 
policies. The financial reporting framework that 
has been applied in the preparation of the 
group financial statements is applicable law and 
International Financial Reporting Standards 
(IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union. The 
financial reporting framework that has been 
applied in the preparation of the parent 
company financial statements is applicable law 
and United Kingdom Accounting Standards 
including FRS 101 “Reduced Disclosure 
Framework (United Kingdom Generally 
Accepted Accounting Practice).        

In our opinion: 

•   the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of 

the group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at 31 December 
2017 and of the group’s profit for the year then ended;

•   the group financial statements have been properly prepared in 
accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union; 

•   the parent company financial statements have been properly 

prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted 
Accounting Practice; and

•   the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with 
the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and, as regards the 
group financial statements, Article 4 of the IAS Regulation.

BASIS FOR OPINION
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards 
on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities 
under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s 
responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of 
our report. We are independent of the group and parent company in 
accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our 
audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s 
Ethical Standard as applied to listed public interest entities, and we 
have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with 
these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have 
obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our 
opinion.

CONCLUSIONS RELATING TO GOING CONCERN
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in 
relation to which the ISAs (UK) require us to report to you where:

•   the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the 
preparation of the financial statements is not appropriate; or  

•   the directors have not disclosed in the financial statements any 
identified material uncertainties that may cast significant doubt 
about the group’s or the parent company’s ability to continue to 
adopt the going concern basis of accounting for a period of at 
least twelve months from the date when the financial statements 
are authorised for issue.

 KEY AUDIT MATTERS
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional 
judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the financial 
statements of the current period and include the most significant 
assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) 
that we identified. These matters included those which had the 
greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of 
resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement 
team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of 
the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion 
thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.

28  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

GOVERNANCE Independent auditor’s report

VALUATION OF INVESTMENT PROPERTIES
The group’s properties are accounted for in the financial statements 
as investment properties under IAS 40 and held at fair value. The 
investment properties are valued by two firms of external third party 
valuers and these valuations are adopted in the financial statements. 
At 31 December 2017 investment property valued at £78.0m (Note 
10) was disclosed within non-current assets in the financial 
statements. Separately, property valued at £36.4m (Note 14) was 
disclosed as assets held for sale, within current assets.  

The directors’ assessment of the fair value of investment properties 
is considered a key audit matter due to the relative importance of 
these assets to the group’s financial statements, the potential impact 
of movements in the fair values of the assets, and the subjectivity 
and complexity of the valuation process, which involves significant 
judgements and estimates as disclosed on page 37 of the financial 
statements. 

The valuation is carried out by two firms of professional external 
valuers together with, in respect of one property, an internal valuer in 
accordance with the methodology described in Note 10.

Our response to the key audit matter included:

ACCURACY OF LIFE OF MINE ESTIMATES
The mining assets amounted to £8.5m as at 31 December 2017 
(2016: £8.4m) and relate to the South African mining operations. 
These assets represent a significant part of the Bisichi group’s 
balance sheet (see Note 11).

Bisichi’s management performed an impairment assessment based 
on the Bisichi Board’s approved Life of Mine plan at 31 December 
2017 as detailed in the key judgements and estimates Note on page 
37.

The assessment by Bisichi management of inputs to the Life of Mine 
plan requires significant judgment and estimate, including 
determination of forecast coal prices, production, coal reserves and 
costs. These factors caused this area to be a significant focus for our 
audit.

Management’s discounted cash flow impairment assessment, 
including the underlying Life of Mine plan, was evaluated. In doing 
so, key inputs to the model including forecast coal prices, exchange 
rates, production, costs and the discount rate were critically 
assessed. This included assessment compared to empirical data and 
trends, pricing information and market data.

•   agreeing the valuations of all properties recorded in the financial 
statements and subject to the external valuation process to the 
valuation reports prepared by the valuers. These reports covered 
all except £1.8m of the value of investment properties, which were 
subject to internal valuation; 

In respect of the coal reserves included in the model, the 
independent Competent Person’s Report was reviewed and 
discussions were held with the Competent Person. In relying on the 
Competent Person their independence and competence was 
assessed.

•   agreeing the carrying value (sales price less costs to sell) of the 

Brixton Village and Market Row properties, included as assets held 
for sale, to the agreement for sale, and the costs to invoices;

Sensitivity analysis was performed on the impairment model in 
respect of factors such as pricing, costs, yields, exchange rates and 
the discount rate.

•   assessing the qualifications and expertise of the valuers, and 

considering their objectivity and any threats to their 
independence. We concluded that there was no threat which 
might impair the valuers’ independence and objectivity; and

•   challenging and discussing the assumptions used with the valuers, 
both external and internal, and comparing the key inputs to the 
valuation to underlying records of the leases and records of rents 
received and against our knowledge of market yields. 

Our findings
The carrying values of the investment properties are consistent with 
the valuation reports provided and, in the case of assets held for sale, 
with the agreed selling price less direct costs to sell.

The disclosures in the key judgements and estimates note were 
evaluated based on the audit procedures.

Our findings
The work on the impairment test found Bisichi management’s 
conclusion that no impairment exists to be appropriate. The key 
assumptions were found to be balanced and appropriately 
considered by Bisichi management and the disclosures in the key 
judgements and estimates note to be sufficient.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  29

GOVERNANCE Independent auditor’s report

IMPAIRMENT OF EZIMBOKODWENI
As at 31 December 2016 the group’s net investment in 
Ezimbokedweni Mining (Pty) Limited (“Ezimbokedweni”), an equity 
accounted joint venture, was £1.8m (Notes 12 and 13). The carrying 
value was dependent upon the ultimate completion of a sale and 
purchase agreement to acquire the Pegasus coal project in South 
Africa, under which a deposit had been paid by Ezimbokedweni.

During the year the joint venture was placed into Business Rescue 
under the South African Companies Act by the joint venture partner. 
The original deposit has been returned to Ezimbokodweni and as a 
result, the Bisichi Board considers there to be no reasonable 
prospect of the Pegasus coal project transaction completing.

Further to these developments, the Bisichi Board performed an 
impairment review of the carrying value of the net investment in 
Ezimbokodweni and recorded an impairment of the net investment 
of £1.8m, with any further movements since 31 December 2016 
reflecting foreign exchange differences.

The assessment of the carrying value, subsequent impairment and 
associated disclosure represented a significant focus for our audit.

Additionally, the tax treatment of this transaction was considered to 
be an area of risk of material misstatement. This was also considered 
to be an area requiring specialist knowledge and expertise.

Specific inquiries were made of Bisichi’s management and Board to 
gain an understanding of the fact pattern and events during the year 
regarding Ezimbokedweni.

Minutes of Bisichi Board meetings, legal documents and 
correspondence relating to the joint venture, the Business Rescue 
and assessments of the resulting financial position and interests of 
the joint venture were reviewed.

The Bisichi Board’s conclusion that the net investment is impaired 
based on the facts and circumstances, including assessment of the 
probability of value being recovered from the joint venture was 
assessed.

The tax treatment of the transaction applied by Bisichi management 
was assessed in conjunction with specialists.

The accounting entries in respect of the impairment as well as the 
disclosures in Note 12 and the key judgements and estimates note 
were assessed.

Our findings
The judgements made by Bisichi management relating to the 
impairment recorded by the group are considered to be appropriate 
based on the developments during the year. The disclosures at Note 
12 and the key judgements and estimates note are also considered 
to be acceptable.

OUR APPLICATION OF MATERIALITY
When establishing our overall audit strategy, we set certain thresholds 
which help us to determine the nature, timing and extent of our 
audit procedures and to evaluate the effects of misstatements, both 
individually and on the financial statements as a whole. 

During planning we determined a magnitude of uncorrected 
misstatements that we judge would be material for the financial 
statements as a whole (FSM). During planning FSM was calculated  
as £1.1m, which was not changed during the course of our audit.

30  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

The London & Associated Properties PLC group consists of two 
distinct components: a UK based property investment group, and a 
fully listed mining group carrying out mining operations in South 
Africa with a relatively small investment property portfolio.

During planning, we determined materiality in respect of these 
components at:

•   for the London & Associated Properties PLC property investment 

sub group balance sheet, £0.8 million and to underlying 
profitability £0.3 million; and

•   for the Bisichi Mining PLC coal mining and property investment 

sub group, £0.3 million.

We agreed with the audit committee that we would report to them 
all unadjusted differences in excess of £15,000 for both components 
of the group. We also agreed to report other differences below that 
threshold which, in our view, warranted reporting for other reasons.

AN OVERVIEW OF THE SCOPE OF OUR AUDIT
The audit was scoped to support our audit opinion on the company 
and group financial statements of London & Associated Properties 
PLC and was based on group materiality and an assessment of risk at 
group level. We planned our 2017 audit on the understanding that 
the activities of the group had changed very little from the previous 
year, and that there had been no changes in the valuation 
methodologies to be applied, or the accounting standards applicable 
to the group and company’s financial statements.

The group comprises 27 trading, or active holding, companies and 12 
dormant companies. Full scope audits, using component materiality, 
were performed on 24 of the active entities with the other three 
entities subjected to desktop review. Six of the full scope audits and the 
three desktop reviews were performed by component auditors whose 
work we evaluated and reviewed for the purpose of the group audit. 

This resulted in coverage of 100% of total revenues and profit before 
tax of the group, and 100% of total gross assets of the group.

OTHER INFORMATION
The other information comprises the information included in the 
annual report other than the financial statements, the audited part of 
the directors’ remuneration report and our auditor’s report thereon. 
The directors are responsible for the other information.

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other 
information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our 
report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. In 
connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility 
is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the 
other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements 
or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be 
materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or 
apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether 
there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material 
misstatement of the other information. 

If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is 
a material misstatement of the other information, we are required to 
report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.

GOVERNANCE Independent auditor’s report

OPINIONS ON OTHER MATTERS PRESCRIBED BY 
THE COMPANIES ACT 2006
In our opinion, the part of the directors’ remuneration report to be 
audited has been properly prepared in accordance with the 
Companies Act 2006.

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

•   the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ 

report for the financial year for which the financial statements are 
prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and

•   the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared 

in accordance with applicable legal requirements. 

MATTERS ON WHICH WE ARE REQUIRED TO 
REPORT BY EXCEPTION
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and 
the parent company and their environment obtained in the course of 
the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the 
strategic report or the directors’ report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in 
relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to 
you if, in our opinion:

•   adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent 

As part of our audit, we will consider the susceptibility of the group 
and parent company to fraud and other irregularities, taking account 
of the business and control environment established and maintained 
by the directors, as well as the nature of transactions, assets and 
liabilities recorded in the accounting records. Owing to the inherent 
limitations of an audit, there is an unavoidable risk that some material 
misstatements of the financial statements may not be detected, even 
though the audit is properly planned and performed in accordance 
with the ISAs. However, the principal responsibility for ensuring that 
the financial statements are free from material misstatement, 
whether caused by fraud or error, rests with management who 
should not rely on the audit to discharge those functions. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the 
financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council’s 
website at: http://www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This 
description forms part of our auditor’s report.

OTHER MATTERS WHICH WE ARE REQUIRED TO 
ADDRESS
Following the recommendation of the audit committee, we were 
appointed by the Board of Directors on 27 July 1987 to audit the 
financial statements for the year ended 31 December 1987 and 
subsequent financial periods.

company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been 
received from branches not visited by us; or 

The period of total uninterrupted engagement is 31 years, covering 
the years ending 31 December 1987 to 2017.

•   the parent company financial statements and the part of the 

directors’ remuneration report to be audited are not in agreement 
with the accounting records and returns; or 

•   certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are 

The non-audit services prohibited by the FRC’s Ethical Standard 
were not provided to the group or the parent company and we 
remain independent of the group and the parent company in 
conducting our audit. 

not made; or 

•   we have not received all the information and explanations we 

require for our audit.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF DIRECTORS
As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement set 
out on page 27 the directors are responsible for the preparation of 
the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true 
and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine 
is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that 
are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible 
for assessing the group’s and the parent company’s ability to continue 
as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going 
concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the 
directors either intend to liquidate the group or the parent company 
or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

AUDITOR’S RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE AUDIT OF 
THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether 
the financial statements as a whole are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an 
auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a 
high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit 
conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material 
misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or 
error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, 
they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic 
decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

During the period under review agreed upon procedures under ISRS 
4400 were completed in respect of a number of the group’s service 
charge account, and in respect of two deeds of release relating to 
two debentures. 

Our audit opinion is consistent with the additional report to the audit 
committee.

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in 
accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. 
Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the 
company’s members those matters we are required to state to them 
in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent 
permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone 
other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for 
our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

Geoff Wightwick (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
For and on behalf of RSM UK Audit LLP, Statutory Auditor 
Chartered Accountants 
25 Farringdon Street 
London 
EC4A 4AB

27 April 2018

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  31

 
financial state-

ments

FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS

Consolidated income statement
for the year ended 31 December 2017

Group revenue
Operating costs
Gain on disposal of other investments 
Income from listed investments held for trading 
Operating profit
Finance income
Finance expenses
Debenture break cost
Result before revaluation and other movements

Non–cash changes in valuation of assets and liabilities and other movements
Increase in value of investment properties
Write off investment in joint venture
Increase in trading investments
Increase in value of other investments
Adjustment to interest rate derivative
Profit/(loss) for the year before taxation
Income tax charge
Profit/(loss) for the year

Attributable to:
Equity holders of the Company
Non–controlling interest
Profit/(loss) for the year

Earnings per share
Profit/(loss) per share – basic and diluted

NOTES

1

3

5
5
23

10
12, 13

23
 2
6

27

2017
£'000

 44,979 
(37,428)
 3 
–  
 7,554 
 105 
(4,268)
(14)
 3,377 

 9,373 
(1,827)
–  
–  
 355 
 11,278 
(2,982)
 8,296 

 7,686 
 610 
 8,296 

2016
£'000

 29,704 
(26,860)
–  
 2 
 2,846 
 144 
(4,292)
–  
(1,302)

 532 
–  
 1 
 12 
(217)
(974)
(1,175)
(2,149)

(2,357)
 208 
(2,149)

9

9.01p

(2.77)p

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income
for the year ended 31 December 2017

Profit/(loss) for the year
Other comprehensive income/(expense):
Items that may be subsequently recycled to the income statement:
Exchange differences on translation of Bisichi Mining PLC foreign operations
Transfer of gain on available for sale investments
Taxation
Other comprehensive income for the year net of tax
Total comprehensive income/(expense) for the year net of tax
Attributable to: 
Equity shareholders
Non–controlling interest

32  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

2017
£'000
 8,296 

 91 
 103 
(20)
 174 
 8,470 

 7,753 
 717 
 8,470 

2016
£'000
(2,149)

 1,106 
 193 
(13)
 1,286 
(863)

(1,864)
 1,001 
(863)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Consolidated balance sheet
at 31 December 2017

Non–current assets
Market value of properties attributable to Group
Present value of head leases
Property
Mining reserves, plant and equipment
Investments in joint ventures
Loan to joint venture
Held to maturity investments
Other investments
Deferred tax

Current assets
Inventories
Assets held for sale
Trade and other receivables
Interest rate derivatives
Corporation tax recoverable
Available for sale investments
Investments held for trading
Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
Borrowings
Current tax liabilities

Non–current liabilities
Borrowings
Interest rate derivatives
Present value of head leases on properties
Provisions
Deferred tax liabilities

Total liabilities
Net assets
Equity attributable to the owners of the parent
Share capital
Share premium account
Translation reserve (Bisichi Mining PLC)
Capital redemption reserve
Retained earnings (excluding treasury shares)
Treasury shares
Retained earnings 
Total equity attributable to equity shareholders
Non–controlling interest
Total equity
Net assets per share
Diluted net assets per share

NOTES

2017
£'000

2016
£'000

10
31

11
12
13
17
17
24

16
14
18
23

19
19

20
21

21
23
31
22
25

26

26

27

9
9

 78,025 
3,233 
81,258 
 8,735 
–  
–  
 1,748 
 51 
–  
 91,792 

 828 
 36,441 
 7,132 
 1 
–  
 1,050 
 19 
 7,528 
 52,999 
144,791

(12,909)
(4,288)
(358)
(17,555)

(61,661)
(435)
(3,233)
(1,349)
(3,848)
(70,526)
(88,081)
 56,710 

 8,554 
 4,866 
(695)
 47 
 33,227 
(145)
 33,082 
 45,854 
 10,856 
 56,710 
53.74p
53.74p

 105,080 
 4,767 
 109,847 
 8,653 
 455 
 1,350 
 1,874 
 32 
 1,134 
 123,345 

 1,721 
–  
 7,061 
 4 
 32 
 781 
 19 
 6,265 
 15,883 
 139,228 

(12,942)
(4,108)
(21)
(17,071)

(64,401)
(793)
(4,767)
(1,236)
(2,329)
(73,526)
(90,597)
 48,631 

 8,554 
 4,866 
(728)
 47 
 25,648 
(145)
 25,503 
 38,242 
 10,389 
 48,631 
44.83p
44.83p

These financial statements were approved by the board of directors and authorised for issue on 27 April 2018 and signed on its behalf by:

Sir Michael Heller 
Director 

     Anil Thapar 
     Director 

Company Registration No. 341829 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Consolidated statement of changes in 
shareholders’ equity 
for the year ended 31 December 2017

SHARE 
CAPITAL 
£'000
 8,554 
–  

SHARE  
PREMIUM 
£'000
 4,866 
–  

TRANSLATION 
RESERVES  
£'000
(1,145)
–  

CAPITAL 
REDEMPTION 
RESERVE 
£'000
 47 
–  

TREASURY  
SHARES 
£'000
(482)
–  

RETAINED  
EARNINGS 
EXCLUDING  
TREASURY  
SHARES 
£'000
 28,238 
(2,357)

TOTAL 
EXCLUDING 
NON– 
CONTROLLING 
INTERESTS 
£'000
 40,078 
(2,357)

NON– 
CONTROLLING 
INTERESTS 
£'000

TOTAL 
EQUITY 
£'000
 9,574   49,652 
(2,149)

 208 

–  

–  
–  
–  

–  

–  
–  
–  

–  
–  
–  
–  
–  
–  
 8,554 
–  

–  
–  
–  
–  
–  
–  
 4,866 
–  

–  
–  

–  
–  

–  
–  

–  
–  

–  
–  

–  
–  

–  
 8,554 

–  
 4,866 

 417 

–  
 417 
 417 

–  
–  
–  
–  
–  
–  
(728)
–  

 33 
–  

 33 
 33 

–  
–  

–  
(695)

–  

–  
–  
–  

–  
–  
–  
–  
–  
–  
 47 
–  

–  
–  

–  
–  

–  
–  

–  

–  
–  
–  

–  
–  
–  
 119 
 218 
 337 
(145)
–  

–  
–  

–  
–  

–  
–  

–  

 417 

 689 

 1,106 

 76 
 76 
(2,281)

 45 
(136)
–  
–  
(218)
(309)
 25,648 
 7,686 

 76 
 493 
(1,864)

 45 
(136)
–  
 119 
–  
 28 
 38,242 
 7,686 

 104 
 793 
 1,001 

 180 
 1,286 
(863)

 64 
–  
(250)
–  
–  
(186)

 109 
(136)
(250)
 119 
–  
(158)
 10,389   48,631 
 8,296 

 610 

–  
 34 

 33 
 34 

 58 
 49 

 91 
 83 

 34 
 7,720 

 67 
 7,753 

 107 
 717 

 174 
 8,470 

(141)
–  

(141)
–  

–  
(250)

(141)
(250)

–  
 47 

–  
(145)

(141)
 33,227 

(141)
 45,854 

(250)

(391)
 10,856   56,710 

Balance at 1 January 2016 
Loss for year
Other comprehensive expense:
Currency translation
Gain on available for sale investments 
(net of tax)
Total other comprehensive expense
Total comprehensive expense
Transactions with owners:
Share options charge
Dividends – equity holders
Dividends – non–controlling interests
Disposal of own shares
Loss on transfer of own shares
Transactions with owners 
Balance at 31 December 2016
Profit for year
Other comprehensive income:
Currency translation
Gain on available for sale 
investments (net of tax)
Total other comprehensive income
Total comprehensive income/ 
(expense)
Transactions with owners:
Dividends – equity holders
Dividends – non–controlling 
interests
Transactions with owners 
Balance at 31 December 2017

34  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Consolidated cash flow statement
for the year ended 31 December 2017

Operating activities
Profit/(loss) for the year before taxation
Finance income
Finance expense
Debenture break cost
Realised gain on disposal of other investments
Decrease in value of investment properties
Write off investment in joint venture
Increase in trading investments
Increase in value of other investments
Adjustment to interest rate derivative
Depreciation
Profit on disposal of non-current assets
Share based payment expense
Gain on investment held for trading
Exchange adjustments
Change in inventories
Change in receivables
Change in payables
Cash generated from operations
Income tax paid
Cash inflows from operating activities
Investing activities
Disposal of shares and loans held to maturity
Disposal of assets held for sale
Share of profit in joint ventures (assets held for sale)
Acquisition of investment properties, mining reserves, plant and equipment
Sale of plant and equipment
Residual receipt from Windsor Shopping Centre disposal
Interest received
Cash (outflows)/inflows from investing activities
Financing activities
Sale of treasury shares
Interest paid
Interest obligation under finance leases
Debenture stock break costs paid 
Receipt of bank loan - Bisichi Mining PLC
Repayment of bank loan - Bisichi Mining PLC
Short term loan from joint ventures and related parties
Repayment of debenture stocks 
Equity dividends paid
Equity dividends paid - non-controlling interests
Cash outflows from financing activities
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Exchange adjustment
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

2017 
£'000

2016   
£'000

 11,278 
(105)
 4,268 
 14 
(3)
(9,373)
 1,827 
–  
–  
(355)
 1,804 
(3)
–  
–  
 258 
 896 
 196 
(415)
 10,287 
(14)
 10,273 

–  
(56)
–  
(1,771)
 29 
–  
 137 
(1,661)

–  
(3,963)
(178)
(14)
 23 
(25)
(30)
(750)
(141)
(250)
(5,328)
 3,284 
 2,931 
 51 
 6,266 

(974)
(144)
 4,292 
–  
–  
(532)
–  
(1)
(12)
 217 
 1,818 
(32)
 109 
 4 
(449)
(258)
 468 
 1,080 
 5,586 
(57)
 5,529 

 121 
 2,275 
 60 
(3,022)
 32 
 414 
 133 
 13 

 119 
(3,943)
(216)
–  
 37 
(131)
–  
–  
(136)
(250)
(4,520)
 1,022 
 2,575 
(666)
 2,931 

The cash flows above relate to continuing and discontinued operations. See Note 7 for information on discontinued operations.

Cash and cash equivalents
For the purpose of the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents comprise the following balance sheet amounts:

Cash and cash equivalents (before bank overdrafts)
Bank overdrafts
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

2017
£'000
 7,528 
(1,262)
 6,266 

2016
£'000
 6,265 
(3,334)
 2,931 

£120,000 of cash deposits at 31 December 2017 were charged as security to debenture stocks.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Group accounting policies

The following are the principal Group accounting policies:

BASIS OF ACCOUNTING
The Group financial statements are prepared in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as adopted by the 
European Union and with those parts of the Companies Act 2006 
applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. 

The Company has elected to prepare the parent company’s financial 
statements in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 101 
’Reduced Disclosure Framework’ (FRS 101) and Companies Act 2006 
and these are presented in Note 33. The financial statements are 
prepared under the historical cost convention, except for the 
revaluation of freehold and leasehold properties and financial assets 
held for trading as well as fair value of interest derivatives. 

The Group financial statements are presented in Pounds Sterling and 
all values are rounded to the nearest thousand pounds (£'000) 
except when otherwise stated.

The functional currency for each entity in the Group, and for joint 
arrangements, is the currency of the country in which the entity has 
been incorporated. Details of the country in which each entity has 
been incorporated can be found in Note 15 for subsidiaries and 
Note 12 for joint ventures.

The exchange rates used in the accounts were as follows:

£1 STERLING:  
RAND

£1 STERLING:  
DOLLAR

Year-end rate
Annual average

2017

2016  

2016 
16.6686 16.9472 1.35028 1.23321
17.1540 19.9269 1.29174 1.35477

2017 

London & Associated Properties PLC (“LAP”), the parent company, is 
a listed public company incorporated and domiciled in England and 
quoted on the London Stock Exchange. The Company registration 
number is 341829. LAP and its subsidiaries (“the Group”) consists of 
LAP, all of its subsidiary undertakings, including Bisichi Mining PLC 
(“Bisichi”) and Dragon Retail Properties Limited (“Dragon”). The 
Group without Bisichi and Dragon is referred to as LAP Group. 

GOING CONCERN
In reviewing going concern it is necessary to consider separately the 
position of LAP Group and Bisichi.  Although both are consolidated into 
group accounts (as required by IFRS 10), they are managed independently 
and in the unlikely event that Bisichi was unable to continue trading this 
would not affect the ability of LAP Group to continue operating as a going 
concern.  The same would be true for Bisichi in reverse.

The directors have reviewed the cash flow forecasts of the LAP 
Group and the underlying assumptions on which they are based. The 
LAP Group’s business activities, together with the factors likely to 
affect its future development, are set out in the Chairman and Chief 
Executive’s Statement and Financial Review. In addition, Note 23 to 
the financial statements sets out the Group’s objectives, policies and 
processes for managing its capital; its financial risk management 
objectives; details of its financial instruments and hedging activities; 
and its exposure to credit risk and liquidity risk.

The directors believe that the LAP Group has adequate resources to 
continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future and that 
the LAP Group is well placed to manage its business risks. Thus they 
continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing 
the annual financial statements.

36  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

The Bisichi directors continue to adopt the going concern basis of 
accounting in preparing the Bisichi annual financial statements.

INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS (IAS/IFRS)
The Group has adopted all of the new and revised Standards and 
Interpretations issued by the International Accounting Standards 
Board (“IASB”) that are relevant to its operations and effective for 
accounting periods beginning 1 January 2017. An amendment to IAS 
7 “Statement of Cash Flows: Disclosure Initiative”, which is 
mandatory for 2017, requires entities to provide disclosures about 
changes in liabilities arising from financing activities, including 
changes from financing cash flows and non-cash changes (such as 
foreign exchange gains or losses). This amendment has been 
endorsed by the EU. The adoption of this amendment and other new 
and revised Standards and Interpretations had no material effect on 
the profit or loss or financial position of the Group.

The Group has not adopted any Standards or Interpretations in 
advance of the required implementation dates.

IFRS 15 ‘Revenue from Contracts with Customers’ was issued by the 
IASB in May 2014. It is effective for accounting periods beginning on 
or after 1 January 2018. The new standard will replace existing 
accounting standards, and provides enhanced detail on the principle 
of recognising revenue to reflect the transfer of goods and services 
to customers at a value which the company expects to be entitled to 
receive. The standard also updates revenue disclosure requirements. 
The standard was endorsed by the EU on 22 September 2017. The 
Directors are continuing to assess the impact of IFRS 15 on the 
results of the Group. Whilst management do not envisage a material 
impact, the impact of adopting this standard cannot be reliably 
estimated until the transition review is complete.

IFRS 9 was published in July 2014 and will be effective for the Group 
from 1 January 2018. The standard was endorsed by the EU on 22 
November 2017. It is applicable to financial assets and financial 
liabilities, and covers the classification, measurement, impairment and 
de-recognition of financial assets and financial liabilities together with 
a new hedge accounting model. IFRS 9 also introduces the expected 
credit loss model for impairment of financial assets. Application of the 
IFRS 9 impairment model is expected to have minimal impact given 
the Group’s credit risk management policies. The Directors are 
continuing to assess the impact on the results of the Group and will 
complete the assessment during H1 2018.

IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ – IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ was issued by the IASB in January 
2017 and is effective for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 
January 2019. The new standard will replace IAS 17 ‘Leases’ and will 
eliminate the classification of leases as either operating leases or 
finance leases and, instead, introduce a single lessee accounting 
model. The standard, which has been endorsed by the EU, provides a 
single lessee accounting model, specifying how leases are 
recognised, measured, presented and disclosed. The Directors are 
currently evaluating the financial and operational impact of this 
standard including the application to service contracts at the mine 
containing leases. The review of the impact of IFRS 16 will require an 
assessment of all leases and the impact of adopting this standard 
cannot be reliably estimated until this work is substantially complete.

The Directors do not anticipate that the adoption of the other standards 
and interpretations not listed above will have a material impact on the 
accounts. Certain of these standards and interpretations will, when 
adopted, require addition to or amendment of disclosures in the accounts. 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Group accounting policies

We are committed to improving disclosure and transparency and will 
continue to work with our different stakeholders to ensure they 
understand the detail of these accounting changes. We continue to 
remain committed to a robust financial policy.

KEY JUDGEMENTS AND ESTIMATES
The preparation of the financial statements requires management to 
make assumptions and estimates that may affect the reported 
amounts of assets and liabilities and the reported income and 
expenses, further details of which are set out below. Although 
management believes that the assumptions and estimates used are 
reasonable, the actual results may differ from those estimates. Further 
details of the estimates are contained in the Directors’ Report.

PROPERTY OPERATIONS

Fair value measurements of investment properties and investments 
An assessment of the fair value of certain assets and liabilities, in 
particular investment properties, is required to be performed. In such 
instances, fair value measurements are estimated based on the 
amounts for which the assets and liabilities could be exchanged 
between market participants. To the extent possible, the 
assumptions and inputs used take into account externally verifiable 
inputs. However, such information is by nature subject to 
uncertainty. 

MINING OPERATIONS

Life of mine and reserves
The directors consider their judgements and estimates surrounding 
the life of the mine and its reserves to have significant effect on the 
amounts recognised in the financial statements and to be an area 
where the financial statements are at most risk of a significant 
estimation uncertainty. The life of the mine remaining is currently 
estimated at 4 years. This life of mine is based on the Groups 
existing coal reserves and excludes future coal purchases and coal 
reserve acquisitions. The Group’s estimates of proven and probable 
reserves are prepared and subject to assessment by an independent 
Competent Person experienced in the field of coal geology and 
specifically opencast and pillar coal extraction. Estimates of coal 
reserves impact assessments of the carrying value of property, plant 
and equipment, depreciation calculations and rehabilitation and 
decommissioning provisions. There are numerous uncertainties 
inherent in estimating coal reserves and changes to these 
assumptions may result in restatement of reserves. These 
assumptions include geotechnical factors as well as economic factors 
such as commodity prices, production costs and yield.

Depreciation, amortisation of mineral rights, mining development 
costs and plant & equipment
The annual depreciation/amortisation charge is dependent on 
estimates, including coal reserves and the related life of the mine, 
expected development expenditure for probable reserves, the 
allocation of certain assets to relevant ore reserves and estimates of 
residual values of the processing plant. The charge can fluctuate 
when there are significant changes in any of the factors or 
assumptions used, such as estimating mineral reserves which in turn 
affects the life of mine or the expected life of reserves. Estimates of 
proven and probable reserves are prepared by an independent 
Competent Person. Assessments of depreciation/amortisation rates 
against the estimated reserve base are performed regularly. Details 
of the depreciation/amortisation charge can be found in Note 11.

Provision for mining rehabilitation including restoration and 
de-commissioning costs 
A provision for future rehabilitation including restoration and 
decommissioning costs requires estimates and assumptions to be 
made around the relevant regulatory framework, the timing, extent 
and costs of the rehabilitation activities and of the risk free rates used 
to determine the present value of the future cash outflows. The 
provisions, including the estimates and assumptions contained therein, 
are reviewed regularly by management. The Group engages an 
independent expert to assess the cost of restoration and decommissioning 
annually as part of management’s assessment of the provision. Details 
of the provision for mining rehabilitation can be found in Note 22. 

MINING IMPAIRMENT 
Property, plant and equipment representing the Group’s mining 
assets in South Africa are reviewed for impairment at each reporting 
date. The impairment test is performed using the approved Life of 
Mine plan and those future cash flow estimates are discounted using 
asset specific discount rates and are based on expectations about 
future operations. The impairment test requires estimates about 
production and sales volumes, commodity prices, proven and 
probable reserves (as assessed by the Competent Person), operating 
costs and capital expenditures necessary to extract reserves in the 
approved Life of Mine plan. Changes in such estimates could impact 
recoverable values of these assets. Details of the carrying value of 
property, plant and equipment can be found in Note 11. 

The impairment test indicated significant headroom as at 31 December 
2017 and therefore no impairment is considered appropriate. The key 
assumptions include: coal prices, including domestic coal prices based 
on recent pricing and assessment of market forecasts for export coal; 
production based on proven and probable reserves assessed by the 
independent Competent Person and yields associated with mining areas 
based on assessments by the Competent Person and empirical data. 
A 9% reduction in average forecast coal prices or a 9% reduction in yield 
would give rise to a breakeven scenario. However, the Bisichi directors 
consider the forecasted yield levels and pricing to be achievable.

EZIMBOKODWENI JOINT VENTURE
During the year the Group wrote off its £1.8million (2016: £1.8million) 
investment in Ezimbokodweni Mining (Pty) Limited (“Ezimbokodweni”) 
made up of a £1.35million loan (2016: £1.35million) and a 
£0.45million (2016: £0.45million) joint venture investment. 

The carrying value of the investment was dependent upon the completion 
of the acquisition of the Pegasus coal project (“the project”) in South Africa. 
Although a proposed sale and purchase agreement had been negotiated 
and a deposit paid for the project, the conclusion of the transaction had 
been delayed pending the commercial transfer of the prospecting right from 
the current owners of the project to Ezimbokodweni. Although the Group 
has always remained committed to completing the transaction, previous 
negotiations to complete the commercial acquisition of the project had 
been beset by various delays outside of its control and at the beginning of 
2017, the current owners of the project notified Ezimbokodweni that they 
no longer wished to divest the project. More recently, the Group was 
notified that an agreement was reached between the current owners of the 
project and the directors of Ezimbokodweni for the deposit for the project 
to be returned and any further negotiations with Ezimbokodweni to acquire 
the project to be terminated. 

Although, a legal claim by the Group has been issued against 
Ezimbokodweni and its representatives, in order for the Group to 
recover some of the investment, the Bisichi Board has exercised its 
judgement and decided that it is appropriate and prudent to write off 
the investment in full at this time. 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  37

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Group accounting policies

GOODWILL
Goodwill arising on acquisition is recognised as an intangible asset 
and initially measured at cost, being the excess of the cost of the 
acquired entity over the Group’s interest in the fair value of the 
assets and liabilities acquired. Goodwill is carried at cost less 
accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill arising from the difference 
in the calculation of deferred tax for accounting purposes and fair 
value in negotiations is judged not to be an asset and is accordingly 
impaired on completion of the relevant acquisition. 

REVENUE
Revenue comprises sales of coal, property rental income and 
property management fees. 

Rental income
Rental income arises from operating leases granted to tenants. An 
operating lease is a lease other than a finance lease. A finance lease 
is one whereby substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership 
are passed to the lessee. Rental income is recognised in the Group 
income statement on a straight–line basis over the term of the lease. 
This includes the effect of lease incentives to tenants, which are 
normally in the form of rent free periods. Contingent rents, being the 
difference between the rent currently receivable and the minimum 
lease payments, are recognised in property income in the periods in 
which they are receivable. Rent reviews are recognised when such 
reviews have been agreed with tenants.

Reverse surrender premiums
Payments received from tenants to surrender their lease obligations 
are recognised immediately in the income statement.

Dilapidations
Dilapidations monies received from tenants in respect of their lease 
obligations are recognised immediately in the income statement.

Other revenue
Revenue in respect of listed investments held for trading represents 
investment dividends received and profit or loss recognised on 
realisation. Dividends are recognised in the income statement when 
the dividend is received. 

PROPERTY OPERATING EXPENSES
Operating expenses are expensed as incurred and any property 
operating expenditure not recovered from tenants through service 
charges is charged to the income statement. 

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

Share based remuneration 
The Company operates a long–term incentive plan and two share 
option schemes. The fair value of the conditional awards on shares 
granted under the long–term incentive plan and the options granted 
under the share option scheme is determined at the date of grant. 
This fair value is then expensed on a straight–line basis over the 
vesting period, based on an estimate of the number of shares that 
will eventually vest. At each reporting date, the fair value of the 
non–market based performance criteria of the long–term incentive 
plan is recalculated and the expense is revised. In respect of the 
share option scheme, the fair value of options granted is calculated 
using a binomial method.

PENSIONS
The Company operates a defined contribution pension scheme. The 
contributions payable to the scheme are expensed in the period to 
which they relate. 

DEFERRED TAX
The calculation of deferred tax involves the exercise of judgement in 
relation to the amount of income and gains which will be realised in 
future to support the recognition of a deferred tax asset in respect of 
unrelieved losses.

INTEREST RATE HEDGES
All interest rate hedges are held at fair value as valued by the hedge 
provider.

Further detail is provided in Notes 21 and 23.

BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION
The Group accounts incorporate the accounts of LAP and all of its 
subsidiary undertakings, together with the Group’s share of the 
results and net assets of its joint ventures. 

Non–controlling interests in subsidiaries are presented separately 
from the equity attributable to equity owners of the parent company. 
When changes in ownership in a subsidiary do not result in a loss of 
control, the non–controlling shareholders’ interests are initially 
measured at the non–controlling interests’ proportionate share of 
the subsidiaries’ net assets. Subsequent to this, the carrying amount 
of non–controlling interests is the amount of those interests at initial 
recognition plus the non–controlling interests’ share of subsequent 
changes in equity. Total comprehensive income is attributed to 
non–controlling interests even if this results in the non–controlling 
interests having a deficit balance.

SUBSIDIARIES
Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. The Group controls 
an entity when it is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from 
its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those 
returns through its power over the entity. Subsidiaries acquired 
during the year are consolidated using the acquisition method. Their 
results are incorporated from the date that control passes. 

All intra Group transactions, balances, income and expenses are 
eliminated on consolidation. Details of the Group’s trading subsidiary 
companies are set out in Note 15.

The directors are required to consider the implications of IFRS 10 on 
the LAP investment in Bisichi Mining PLC (“Bisichi”). Related parties 
also have shareholdings in Bisichi. When combined with the 42% 
held by LAP and, taking account of the wide disposition of other 
shareholders, there is potential for LAP and these related parties to 
exercise voting control over Bisichi. IFRS 10 makes it clear that 
possible voting control is of more significance than actual 
management control. 

For this reason the directors have concluded that there is a 
requirement to consolidate Bisichi with LAP. While, in theory, they 
could achieve control, in practice they do not get involved in the day 
to day operations of Bisichi. The directors have presented 
consolidated accounts using the published accounts of Bisichi but it 
is important to note that any figures, risks and assumptions 
attributable to that company are the responsibility of the Bisichi 
Board of directors who are independent from LAP.

As a result of treating Bisichi as a subsidiary, Dragon Retail Properties 
Limited is also a subsidiary for accounting purposes, as LAP and 
Bisichi each own 50% of that joint venture business.

JOINT VENTURES
Investments in joint ventures, being those entities over whose 
activities the Group has joint control, as established by contractual 
agreement, include the appropriate share of the results and net 
assets of those undertakings.

Loans to joint ventures are classified as non-current assets when 
they are not expected to be received in the normal working capital 
cycle.

38  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Group accounting policies

FOREIGN CURRENCIES
Monetary assets and liabilities are translated at year end exchange 
rates and the resulting exchange rate differences are included in the 
consolidated income statement within the results of operating 
activities if arising from trading activities, including inter-company 
trading balances and within finance cost / income if arising from 
financing.

For consolidation purposes, income and expense items are included 
in the consolidated income statement at average rates, and assets 
and liabilities are translated at year end exchange rates. Translation 
differences arising on consolidation are recognised in other 
comprehensive income. Foreign exchange differences on 
intercompany loans are recorded in other comprehensive income 
when the loans are not considered trading balances and are not 
expected to be repaid in the foreseeable future. Where foreign 
operations are sold or closed, the cumulative exchange differences 
attributable to that foreign operation are recognised in the 
consolidated income statement when the gain or loss on disposal is 
recognised. 

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate 
ruling on transaction date. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Investments
Held to maturity investments are stated at amortised cost using the 
effective interest rate method. 

Investments held for trading are included in current assets at fair 
value. For listed investments, fair value is the bid market listed value 
at the balance sheet date. Realised and unrealised gains or losses 
arising from changes in fair value are included in the income 
statement of the period in which they arise. 

Trade and other receivables
Trade and other receivables are recognised initially at fair value. A 
provision for impairment of trade receivables is made when there is 
evidence that the Group will not be able to collect all amounts due. 
Trade receivables do not carry any interest, as any interest that would 
be recognised from discounting future cash payments over the short 
period is not considered to be material.

Trade and other payables
Trade and other payables are non-interest bearing and are stated at 
their nominal value, as the interest that would be recognised from 
discounting future cash payments over the short payment period is 
not considered to be material.

Bank loans and overdrafts
Bank loans and overdrafts are included as financial liabilities on the 
Group balance sheet net of the unamortised discount and costs of 
issue. The cost of issue is recognised in the Group income Statement 
over the life of the bank loan. Interest payable on those facilities is 
expensed as a finance cost in the period to which it relates. 

Debenture loans
The debenture loans are included as a financial liability on the 
balance sheet net of the unamortised costs on issue. The cost of 
issue is recognised in the Group income statement over the life of 
the debenture. Interest payable to debenture holders is expensed in 
the period to which it relates. 

Finance lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities arise for those investment properties held 
under a leasehold interest and accounted for as investment property. 
The liability is calculated as the present value of the minimum lease 
payments, reducing in subsequent reporting periods by the 
apportionment of payments to the lessor. Lease payments are 
allocated between the liability and finance charges so as to achieve a 
constant financing rate. Contingent rents payable, such as rent 
reviews or those related to rental income, are charged as an expense 
in the period in which they are incurred. 

Interest rate derivatives
The Group uses derivative financial instruments to hedge the 
interest rate risk associated with the financing of the Group’s 
business. No trading in such financial instruments is undertaken. At 
each reporting date, these interest rate derivatives are recognised at 
their fair value to the business, being the Net Present Value of the 
difference between the hedged rate of interest and the market rate 
of interest for the remaining period of the hedge. 

Ordinary shares
Shares are classified as equity when there is no obligation to transfer 
cash or other assets. Incremental costs directly attributable to the 
issue of new shares are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, 
from the proceeds.

Treasury shares 
When the Group’s own equity instruments are repurchased, 
consideration paid is deducted from equity as treasury shares until 
they are cancelled. When such shares are subsequently sold or 
reissued, any consideration received is included in equity. 

INVESTMENT PROPERTIES

Valuation
Investment properties are those that are held either to earn rental 
income or for capital appreciation or both, including those that are 
undergoing redevelopment. They are reported on the Group balance 
sheet at fair value, being the amount for which an investment 
property could be exchanged between knowledgeable and willing 
parties in an arm’s length transaction. The directors’ property 
valuation is at fair value. 

The external valuation of properties is undertaken by independent 
valuers who hold recognised and relevant professional qualifications 
and have recent experience in the locations and categories of 
properties being valued. Surpluses or deficits resulting from changes 
in the fair value of investment property are reported in the Group 
income statement in the period in which they arise. 

Capital expenditure 
Investment properties are measured initially at cost, including related 
transaction costs. Additions to capital expenditure, being costs of a 
capital nature, directly attributable to the redevelopment or 
refurbishment of an investment property, up to the point of it being 
completed for its intended use, are capitalised in the carrying value 
of that property. The redevelopment of an existing investment 
property will remain an investment property measured at fair value 
and is not reclassified. Capitalised interest is calculated with 
reference to the actual rate payable on borrowings for development 
purposes, or for that part of the development costs financed out of 
borrowings the capitalised interest is calculated on the basis of the 
average rate of interest paid on the relevant debt outstanding. 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  39

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Group accounting policies

Disposal 
The disposal of investment properties is recorded on completion of 
the contract. On disposal, any gain or loss is calculated as the difference 
between the net disposal proceeds and the valuation at the last year 
end plus subsequent capitalised expenditure in the period. 

Depreciation and amortisation
In applying the fair value model to the measurement of investment 
properties, depreciation and amortisation are not provided in respect 
of investment properties. 

OTHER ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION
The cost, less estimated residual value, of other property, plant and 
equipment is written off on a straight–line basis over the asset’s 
expected useful life. Residual values and useful lives are reviewed, 
and adjusted if appropriate, at each balance sheet date. Changes to 
the estimated residual values or useful lives are accounted for 
prospectively. The depreciation rates generally applied are: 

Motor vehicles
Office equipment

25–33 per cent per annum
10–33 per cent per annum

ASSETS HELD FOR SALE
Non-current assets, or disposal groups comprising assets and 
liabilities, are classified as held-for-sale if it is highly probable that 
they will be recovered primarily through sale rather through 
continuing use. Such assets, or disposal groups, are generally 
measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less 
costs of sale. Any impairment loss on a disposal group is allocated 
first to goodwill and then to the remaining assets and liabilities on a 
pro rata basis, except that no loss is allocated to inventories, financial 
assets, deferred tax assets, employee benefit assets, or investment 
property which continues to be measured in accordance with the 
Group’s other accounting policies. Impairment losses on initial 
classification as assets held-for-sale and subsequent gains and losses 
on remeasurement are recognised in profit or loss. Once classified as 
held-for-sale, intangible assets and property, plant and equipment 
are no longer amortised or depreciated, and any equity-accounted 
investment is no longer equity accounted.

AVAILABLE FOR SALE ASSETS
Financial assets available for sale are measured at fair value. Any 
changes in fair value above cost are recognised in other 
comprehensive income and accumulated in the available-for-sale 
reserve. For any changes in fair value below cost a provision for 
impairment is recognised in the profit or loss account.

Other investments classified as non-current available for sale investments 
comprise shares in listed companies and are carried at fair value.

INCOME TAXES
The charge for current taxation is based on the results for the year as 
adjusted for disallowed or non–assessable items. Tax payable upon 
realisation of revaluation gains recognised in prior periods is recorded 
as a current tax charge with a release of the associated deferred tax. 
Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on 
differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in 
the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the 
tax computations and is recorded using the balance sheet liability 
method. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable 
temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the 
extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against 
which deductible temporary differences can be utilised. In respect of 

40  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

the deferred tax on the revaluation surplus, this is calculated on the 
basis of the chargeable gains that would crystallise on the sale of the 
investment portfolio as at the reporting date. The calculation takes 
account of indexation on the historic cost of properties and any available 
capital losses. Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are 
expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the 
asset is realised. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the Group 
income statement, except when it relates to items charged or 
credited directly to equity, in which case it is also dealt with in equity. 

DIVIDENDS
Dividends payable on the ordinary share capital are recognised as a 
liability in the period in which they are approved.

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash comprises cash in hand and on-demand deposits. Cash and 
cash equivalents comprises short-term, highly liquid investments that 
are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are 
subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value and original 
maturities of three months or less. The cash and cash equivalents 
shown in the cashflow statement are stated net of bank overdrafts 
that are repayable on demand as per IAS 7. This includes the 
structured trade finance facility held in South Africa as detailed in 
Note 21. These facilities are considered to form an integral part of 
the treasury management of the Group and can fluctuate from 
positive to negative balances during the period.

BISICHI MINING PLC

Mining revenue
Revenue is recognised when the customer has a legally binding 
obligation to settle under the terms of the contract and has assumed 
all significant risks and rewards of ownership.

Revenue is only recognised on individual sales of coal when all of the 
significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred  
to a third party. Export revenue is generally recognised when the 
product is delivered to the export terminal location specified by the 
customer, at which point the customer assumes risks and rewards 
under the contract. Domestic coal revenues are generally recognised 
on collection by the customer from the mine when loaded into 
transport, where the customer pays the transportation costs.

Mining costs
Expenditure is recognised in respect of goods and services received. 
Where coal is purchased from third parties at point of extraction the 
expenditure is only recognised when the coal is extracted and all of 
the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred.

Mining reserves, plant and equipment
The cost of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase 
price and any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the 
location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in 
accordance with agreed specifications. Freehold land is not 
depreciated. Other property, plant and equipment is stated at 
historical cost less accumulated depreciation. The cost recognised 
includes the recognition of any decommissioning assets related to 
property, plant and equipment.

Heavy surface mining and other plant and equipment is depreciated at 
varying rates depending upon its expected usage. The depreciation 
rates generally applied are between 5-10 per cent per annum, but 
limited to the shorter of its useful life or the life of the mine. 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Group accounting policies

Post production stripping
In surface mining operations, the Group may find it necessary to 
remove waste materials to gain access to coal reserves prior to and 
after production commences. Prior to production commencing, 
stripping costs are capitalised until the point where the overburden 
has been removed and access to the coal seam commences. 
Subsequent to production, waste stripping continues as part of the 
extraction process as a run of mine activity. There are two benefits 
accruing to the Group from stripping activity during the production 
phase: extraction of coal that can be used to produce inventory and 
improved access to further quantities of material that will be mined 
in future periods. Economic coal extracted is accounted for as 
inventory. The production stripping costs relating to improved access 
to further quantities in future periods are capitalised as a stripping 
activity asset, if and only if, all of the following are met:

•   it is probable that the future economic benefit associated with the 

stripping activity will flow to the Group;

•   the Group can identify the component of the ore body for which 

access has been improved; and

•   the costs relating to the stripping activity associated with that 

component or components can be measured reliably.

In determining the relevant component of the coal reserve for which 
access is improved, the Group componentises its mine into 
geographically distinct sections or phases to which the stripping 
activities being undertaken within that component are allocated. 
Such phases are determined based on assessment of factors such as 
geology and mine planning.

The Group depreciates deferred costs capitalised as stripping assets 
on a unit of production method, with reference to the tons mined 
and reserve of the relevant ore body component or phase.

SEGMENTAL REPORTING
For management reporting purposes, the Group is organised into 
business segments distinguishable by economic activity. The Group’s 
business segments are LAP operations, Bisichi operations and 
Dragon operations. These business segments are subject to risks and 
returns that are different from those of other business segments and 
are the primary basis on which the Group reports its segmental 
information. This is consistent with the way the Group is managed 
and with the format of the Group’s internal financial reporting. 
Significant revenue from transactions with any individual customer, 
which makes up 10 per cent or more of the total revenue of the 
Group, is separately disclosed within each segment. All coal exports 
are sales to coal traders at Richard Bay’s terminal in South Africa with 
the risks and rewards passing to the coal trader at the terminal. 
Whilst the coal traders will ultimately sell the coal on the 
international markets the Group has no visibility over the ultimate 
destination of the coal. Accordingly, the export sales are recorded as 
South Africa revenue. 

Other non–current assets, comprising motor vehicles and office 
equipment, are depreciated at a rate of between 10% and 33% per 
annum which is calculated to write off the cost, less estimated 
residual value of the assets, on a straight line basis over their 
expected useful lives. 

Mine inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. 
Cost includes materials, direct labour and overheads relevant to the 
stage of production. Cost is determined using the weighted average 
method. Net realisable value is based on estimated selling price less 
all further costs to completion and all relevant marketing, selling and 
distribution costs. 

Mine provisions
Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present obligation 
as a result of a past event which it is probable will result in an 
outflow of economic benefits that can be reliably estimated.

A provision for rehabilitation of the mine is initially recorded at 
present value and the discounting effect is unwound over time as a 
finance cost. Changes to the provision as a result of changes in 
estimates are recorded as an increase/decrease in the provision and 
associated decommissioning asset. The decommissioning asset is 
depreciated in line with the Group’s depreciation policy over the life 
of mine. The provision includes the restoration of the underground, 
opencast, surface operations and de-commissioning of plant and 
equipment. The timing and final cost of the rehabilitation is uncertain 
and will depend on the duration of the mine life and the quantities 
of coal extracted from the reserves. 

Mine impairment
Whenever events or changes in circumstance indicate that the 
carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable that asset is 
reviewed for impairment. This includes mining reserves, plant and 
equipment and net investments in joint ventures. A review involves 
determining whether the carrying amounts are in excess of the 
recoverable amounts. 

An asset’s recoverable amount is determined as the higher of its fair 
value less costs of disposal and its value in use. Such reviews are 
undertaken on an asset-by-asset basis, except where assets do not 
generate cash flows independent of other assets, in which case the 
review is undertaken on a company or Group level.

If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount an 
asset’s carrying value is written down to its estimated recoverable 
amount (being the higher of the fair value less cost to sell and value 
in use). Any change in carrying value is recognised in the 
comprehensive income statement.

Mine reserves and development cost
The purpose of mine development is to establish secure working 
conditions and infrastructure to allow the safe and efficient 
extraction of recoverable reserves. Depreciation on mine 
development is not charged until production commences or the 
assets are put to use. On commencement of full commercial 
production, depreciation is charged over the life of the associated 
mine reserves extractable using the asset on a unit of production 
basis. The unit of production calculation is based on tonnes mined as 
a ratio to proven and probable reserves and also includes future 
forecast capital expenditure. The cost recognised includes the 
recognition of any decommissioning assets related to mine 
development.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  41

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the financial statements
for the year ended 31 December 2017

1.   RESULTS FOR THE YEAR AND SEGMENTAL ANALYSIS
Operating Segments are based on the internal reporting and operational management of the Group. LAP is focused primarily on property activities 
(which generate trading income), but it also holds and manages investments. IFRS 10 requires the Group to treat Bisichi as a subsidiary and therefore 
it is consolidated, rather than being included in the accounts as an associate using the equity method. The Group has also consolidated Dragon, a 
company which the Company jointly controls with Bisichi; Bisichi is a coal mining company with operations in South Africa and also holds investment 
property in the United Kingdom and derives income from property rentals. Dragon is a property investment company and derives its income from 
property rentals. These operating segments (LAP, Bisichi and Dragon) are each viewed separately and have been so reported below.

Business segments

BUSINESS ANALYSIS 
Rental income
Management income from third party properties
Mining
Group Revenue
Direct property costs
Direct mining costs
Overheads
Exchange losses
Depreciation
Operating profit 
Finance income
Finance expenses
Debenture break costs
Result before valuation movements 
Other segment items
Net increase/(decrease) on revaluation of investment properties
Write off investment in joint venture
Adjustment to interest rate derivative
Revaluation and other movements
Profit/(loss) for the year before taxation
Segment assets
- Non-current assets - property
- Non-current assets - plant & equipment
- Cash & cash equivalents
- Non-current assets - other
- Current assets - others
Total assets excluding investment in joint ventures and assets held for sale
Segment liabilities
Borrowings
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Total liabilities
Net assets
Assets held for sale
Net assets as per balance sheet 
Major customers
Customer A
Customer B

These customers are for mining revenue in South Africa.

GEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS 
Revenue
Operating profit
Non-current assets excluding investments
Total net assets
Capital expenditure

42  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

LAP 
£'000 
 6,825 
 542 
– 
 7,367 
(926)
– 
(2,869)
– 
(13)
 3,559 
 38 
(3,713)
(14)
(130)

 9,386 
– 
 358 
 9,744 
 9,614 

 65,231 
 116 
 2,109 
 1,748 
 2,715 
71,919 

(57,571)
(5,588)
(4,806)
(67,965)
 3,954 
 36,441 

BISICHI 
£'000 
 1,112 
– 
 36,334 
 37,446 
(152)
(25,664)
(5,589)
(256)
(1,790)
 3,995 
 67 
(526)
– 
 3,536 

(13)
(1,827)
– 
(1,840)
 1,696 

 13,397 
 8,613 
 5,327 
 51 
 6,285  
 33,673  

(7,160)
(7,556)
(3,986)
(18,702)
 14,971  
– 

– 
– 

 27,528 
 7,226 

UNITED
KINGDOM
£'000
 8,692 
 4,645 
81,383 
 52,452 
 30 

DRAGON
£'000 
 166 
– 
– 
 166 
(1)
– 
(164)
– 
(1)
–
– 
(29)
– 
(29)

– 
– 
(3)
(3)
(32)

 2,630 
 6 
 92 
– 
 30 
 2,758 

(1,218)
(123)
(73)
(1,414)
 1,344 
– 

– 
– 

SOUTH
AFRICA 
£'000 
 36,287 
 2,909 
 8,610 
 4,258 
 1,741 

2017 
TOTAL 
£'000 
 8,103 
 542 
 36,334 
 44,979 
(1,079)
(25,664)
(8,622)
(256)
(1,804)
 7,554 
 105 
(4,268)
(14)
 3,377  

 9,373 
(1,827)
 355 
 7,901 
 11,278  

81,258 
 8,735 
 7,528 
 1,799 
 9,030 
 108,350 

(65,949)
(13,267)
(8,865)
(88,081)
 20,269 
 36,441 
 56,710 

 27,528 
 7,226 

 2017
TOTAL
£'000 
 44,979 
 7,554 
89,993 
 56,710 
 1,771 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

1.   RESULTS FOR THE YEAR AND SEGMENTAL ANALYSIS CONTINUED

BUSINESS ANALYSIS
Rental income
Management income from third party properties
Mining
Group Revenue
Direct property costs
Direct mining costs
Overheads
Exchange gains
Depreciation 
Operating profit before listed investments held for trading
Listed investments held for trading
Operating profit
Finance income
Finance expenses
Result before valuation movements
Other segment items
Net increase/(decrease) on revaluation of investment properties
Increase in value of other investments
Net increase on revaluation of investments held for trading
Adjustment to interest rate derivative
Revaluation and other movements
(Loss)/profit for the year before taxation

Segment assets
- Non – current assets – property 
- Non – current assets – plant and equipment
- Cash and cash equivalents
- Non – current assets – other
- Non – current assets – deferred tax asset
- Current assets – others
Total assets excluding investment in joint ventures and assets held for sale
Segment liabilities
Borrowings
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Total liabilities
Net assets
Investment in joint ventures non segmental
Net assets as per balance sheet
Major customer
Customer A

This customer is for mining revenue in South Africa.

GEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
Revenue
Operating profit/(loss)
Non–current assets excluding investments
Total net assets
Capital expenditure

LAP
£'000
6,241
501
–
6,742
(1,168)
–
(2,926)
–
(25)
2,623
2
2,625
11
(3,706)
(1,070)

125
–
1
(206)
(80)
(1,150)

93,791
112
3,706
1,874
1,134
1,853
102,470

(58,068)
(6,074)
(5,379)
(69,521)
32,949
–
–

BISICHI
£'000
1,060
–
21,731
22,791
(187)
(16,184)
(4,903)
449
(1,785)
181
–
181
132
(554)
(241)

445
12
–
–
457
216

13,426
8,520
2,444
32
–
7,745
32,167

(9,234)
(6,811)
(3,665)
(19,710)
12,457
–
–

DRAGON
£'000
171
–
–
171
5
–
(128)
–
(8)
40
–
40
1
(32)
9

(38)
–
–
(11)
(49)
(40)

2,630
21
115
–
–
20
2,786

(1,207)
(78)
(81)
(1,366)
1,420
–
–

2016
TOTAL
£'000
7,472
501
21,731
29,704
(1,350)
(16,184)
(7,957)
449
(1,818)
2,844
2
2,846
144
(4,292)
(1,302)

532
12
1
(217)
328
(974)

109,847
8,653
6,265
1,906
1,134
9,618
137,423

(68,509)
(12,963)
(9,125)
(90,597)
46,826
1,805
48,631

–

14,543

–

14,543

UNITED 
KINGDOM 
£'000
8,025
3,441
111,117
43,916
164

SOUTH
AFRICA
£'000
21,679
(595)
8,517
4,715
2,858

2016
TOTAL
£'000
29,704
2,846
119,634
48,631
3,022

Group revenue is external to the Group and the directors consider that inter segmental revenues are not material. Revenue includes 
contingent rents of £0.7 million (2016: £0.2 million).

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  43

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

2.    PROFIT/(LOSS) BEFORE TAXATION 

Profit/(loss) before taxation is stated after charging/(crediting):
Staff costs (see Note 29)
Depreciation on tangible fixed assets - owned assets
Operating lease rentals - land and buildings
Exchange loss/(gain)
Profit on disposal of motor vehicles and office equipment
Amounts payable to the auditor in respect of both audit and non-audit services
Audit services
Statutory - Company and consolidation
Subsidiaries - audited by RSM
Subsidiaries - audited by other auditors
Further assurance services
Other services 

Staff costs are included in overheads.

3.  LISTED INVESTMENTS HELD FOR TRADING

Dividends receivable
Net profit from listed investments

4.  DIRECTORS’ EMOLUMENTS

Emoluments
Defined contribution pension scheme contributions

Sir Michael Heller received £75,000 (2016: £75,000) as a Director of Bisichi Mining PLC.

Details of directors’ emoluments and share options are set out in the remuneration report.

5.  FINANCE INCOME AND EXPENSES

Finance income
Finance expenses
Interest on bank loans and overdrafts
Unwinding of discount (Bisichi)
Other loans
Interest on derivatives
Interest on obligations under finance leases
Total finance expenses

2017  
£'000 

 8,113 
 1,804 
 411 
 256 
(3)

 83 
 17 
 51 
 4 
 5 
 160 

2017 
£'000 
– 
– 

2017
£'000 
 894 
 27 
 921 

2017 
£'000 
 105 

(2,223)
(92)
(1,414)
(337)
(202)
(4,268)
(4,163)

2016
£'000 

 7,173 
 1,818 
 442 
(449)
(32)

 88 
 20 
 50 
 4 
 32 
 194 

2016 
£'000 
 2 
 2 

2016 
£'000 
 988 
 45 
 1,033 

2016 
£'000 
 144 

(2,243)
(78)
(1,420)
(302)
(249)
(4,292)
(4,148)

44  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

6.  INCOME TAX

Current tax
Corporation tax on profit of the period
Corporation tax on profit/(loss) of previous periods
Total current tax
Deferred tax
Origination of timing differences
Revaluation of investment properties
Accelerated capital allowances
Fair value of interest derivatives
Adjustment in respect of prior years
Total deferred tax (Notes 24 and 25)
Tax on profit on ordinary activities

2017 
£'000 

 369 
(5)
 364 

(35)
 2,348 
 235 
 68 
 2 
 2,618 
 2,982 

2016 
£'000 

 73 
– 
 73 

 874 
 472 
(48)
(40)
(156)
 1,102 
 1,175 

Factors affecting tax charge for the year
The corporation tax assessed for the year is different from that at the effective rate of corporation tax in the United Kingdom of 19.25 per 
cent (2016: 20 per cent). The differences are explained below:

Profit/(loss) for the year before taxation
Taxation at 19.25 per cent (2016: 20 per cent)

Effects of:
Capital gains
Other differences
Adjustment in respect of prior years 
Deferred tax rate adjustment
Income tax charge for the year

Analysis of United Kingdom and overseas tax:
United Kingdom tax included in above:

Corporation tax
Adjustment in respect of prior years
Current tax
Deferred tax

Overseas tax included above:

Corporation tax
Current tax
Deferred tax
Adjustment in respect of prior years
Deferred tax

2017 
£'000 
 11,278 
 2,171 

1,792
(785)
(3)
 (193) 
 2,982 

2017
£'000 
233
(5)
228
2,219
2,447

2017
£'000 
136
136
397
2
399
535

2016 
£'000 
(974)
(195)

800
506
(157)
 221 
 1,175 

2016 
£'000 
13
–
13
1,241
1,254

2016 
£'000 
60
60
(139)
–
(139)
(79)

Factors that may affect future tax charges:
Based on current capital expenditure plans, the Group expects to continue to be able to claim capital allowances in excess of depreciation in 
future years, but at a slightly lower level than in the current year.

A deferred tax provision has been made for gains on revaluing investment properties. 

The Finance Bill 2016 was substantively enacted on 7 September 2016. This includes a reduction in the rate of Corporation tax from 19% 
effective 1 April 2017 to 17% from 1 April 2020.

The Finance (no. 2) Act 2017 was substantively enacted on 16 November 2017. This includes a restriction on the utilisation of brought 
forward tax losses and corporate interest in certain circumstances effective from 1 April 2017.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

7.    DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS 
As part of the Group's strategy to focus on core assets, the Group disposed of King Edward Court, Windsor in 2013. The profits and losses 
arising from this disposal were classified as discontinued operations. Contracts for the sale of King Edward Court had been exchanged in 
2013 and completion took place in January 2014. Following the settlement of a dispute additional proceeds of £414,000 were received by 
the Group in 2016.

8.    DIVIDEND

Dividends paid during the year relating to the prior period 
Dividends to be paid:
Proposed final dividend for the year
Proposed special dividend for the year

9.    PROFIT/(LOSS) PER SHARE AND NET ASSETS PER SHARE

Profit/(loss) per share has been calculated as follows:

2017

2016

PER SHARE
0.165p

0.175p
0.125p

£'000 
 141 

 149 
 107 

PER SHARE
0.16p

0.165p
– 

£'000 
 136 

 141 
– 

Profit/(loss) for the year for the purposes of basic and diluted profit/(loss) per share (£'000)
Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue for the purpose of basic profit/(loss) per share ('000)
Basic profit/(loss) per share
Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue for the purpose of diluted profit/(loss) per share 
('000)
Fully diluted profit/(loss) per share

2017 
 7,686 
 85,322 
9.01p
 85,322 

2016 
(2,357)
 85,107 
(2.77)p
 85,107 

9.01p

(2.77)p

Weighted average number of shares in issue is calculated after excluding treasury shares of 221,061 (2016: 221,061).

2017 
 45,854 
 85,322 
53.74p
 45,854 
 85,322 
53.74p

2016 
 38,242 
 85,322 
44.83p
 38,242 
 85,322 
44.83p

TOTAL
£'000
 109,847 
(36,441)
 13 
(1,534)
 9,373 
81,258 

 78,025 
3,233 
 81,258 

 81,258 
 109,847 

FREEHOLD
£'000
 88,585 
(36,441)
 13 
–  
 10,268 
 62,425 

LEASEHOLD 
OVER 50 YEARS
£'000
 19,620 
–  
–  
(1,839)
(925)
 16,856 

LEASEHOLD
UNDER 50 
YEARS
£'000
 1,642 
–  
–  
305 
 30 
 1,977 

 62,425 
–  
 62,425 

 62,425 
 88,585 

 14,570 
 2,286 
 16,856 

 16,856 
 19,620 

 1,030 
 947 
 1,977 

 1,977 
 1,642 

Net assets per share have been calculated as follows:

Net assets (£'000)
Shares in issue ('000)
Basic net assets per share
Net assets diluted (£'000)
Shares in issue ('000)
Diluted net assets per share

10.  INVESTMENT PROPERTIES 

Cost or valuation at 1 January 2017
Transfer to assets held for sale (Note 14)
Additions in year
(Decrease)/increase in present value of head leases
Increase/(decrease) on revaluation
At 31 December 2017

Representing assets stated at:
Valuation
Present value of head leases

At 31 December 2017
At 31 December 2016

46  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

10.  INVESTMENT PROPERTIES CONTINUED

Cost or valuation at 1 January 2016
Additions in year
Decrease in present value of head leases
Increase/(decrease) on revaluation
At 31 December 2016
Representing assets stated at:
Valuation
Present value of head leases

At 31 December 2016
At 31 December 2015

TOTAL
£'000
109,172
160
(17)
532
109,847

105,080
4,767
109,847

109,847
109,172

FREEHOLD
£'000
86,468
160
–
1,957
88,585

LEASEHOLD 
OVER 50 YEARS
£'000
21,060
–
(15)
(1,425)
19,620

88,585
–
88,585

88,585
86,468

15,495
4,125
19,620

19,620
21,060

LEASEHOLD
UNDER 50 
YEARS
£'000
1,644
–
(2)
–
1,642

1,000
642
1,642

1,642
1,644

The leasehold and freehold properties, excluding the present value of head leases and directors' valuations, were valued as at 31 December 
2017 by professional firms of chartered surveyors. The valuations were made at fair value. The directors' property valuations were made at 
fair value. 

Allsop LLP
Carter Towler 
Directors' valuations

Add: present value of headleases

2017 
£'000
62,955
13,245
1,825
78,025
3,233
81,258

2016 
£'000
90,010
13,245
1,825
105,080
4,767
109,847

The historical cost of investment properties, including total capitalised interest of £1,161,000 (2016: £1,161,000) was as follows:

Cost at 1 January 
Transfer to assets held for sale (Note 14)
Additions 
Cost at 31 December 

 2017

LEASEHOLD 
OVER 50 
YEARS
£'000
 17,653 
– 
– 
 17,653 

LEASEHOLD 
UNDER 50 
YEARS 
£'000
 1,939 
– 
– 
 1,939 

FREEHOLD
£'000
 72,711 
(5,022)
 13 
 67,702 

2016

LEASEHOLD 
OVER 50 
YEARS
£'000
 17,653 
– 
– 
 17,653 

LEASEHOLD 
UNDER 50 
YEARS 
£'000
 1,939 
– 
– 
 1,939 

FREEHOLD
£'000
 72,551 
– 
 160 
 72,711 

Each year external valuers are appointed by the executive directors on behalf of the Board. The valuers are selected based upon their 
knowledge, independence and reputation for valuing assets such as those held by the Group.

Valuations are performed annually and are performed consistently across all properties in the Group's portfolio. At each reporting date 
appropriately qualified employees of the Group verify all significant inputs and review the computational outputs. Valuers submit their report 
to the Board on the outcome of each valuation.

Valuations take into account tenure, lease terms and structural condition. The inputs underlying the valuations include market rent or 
business profitability, likely incentives offered to tenants, forecast growth rates, yields, EBITDA, discount rates, construction costs including 
any specific site costs (for example section 106), professional fees, developer's profit including contingencies, planning and construction 
timelines, lease regear costs, planning risk and sales prices based on known market transactions for similar properties to those being valued.

Valuations are based on what is determined to be the highest and best use. When considering the highest and best use the valuer will 
consider, on a property by property basis, its actual and potential uses which are physically, legally and financially viable. Where the highest 
and best use differs from the existing use, the valuer will consider the cost and likelihood of achieving and implementing this change in 
arriving at the valuation.

There are often restrictions on Freehold and Leasehold property which could have a material impact on the realisation of these assets. The 
most significant of these occur when planning permission or lease extension and renegotiation of use are required or when a credit facility is 
in place. These restrictions are factored into the property's valuation by the external valuer.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
financial statements Notes to the financial statements

10.  INVESTMENT PROPERTIES CONTINUED
The methods of fair value measurement are classified into a hierarchy based on the reliability of the information used to determine the 
valuation, as follows:

Level 1:  valuation based on inputs on quoted market prices in active markets.

Level 2:   valuation based on inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that maximise the use of observable data directly or from 

market prices or indirectly derived from market prices.

Level 3:  where one or more significant inputs to valuations are not based on observable market data.

class Of PROPeRtY
leVel 3
Freehold – external valuation

caRRYinG /
faiR ValUe
2017
£'000
60,600

CARRYING/ 
FAIR VALUE 
2016 
£'000

ValUatiOn 
tecHniQUe

86,760 Income 

capitalisation

KeY 
UnOBseRVaBle
inPUts
Estimated Rental Value
Per sq ft p.a

Equivalent Yield

Leasehold over 50 years – 
external valuation

14,570

15,495 Income 

capitalisation

Estimated Rental Value
Per sq ft p.a

RanGe 
(WEIGHTED 
AVERAGE) 
2017
£5 – £39
(£19)

4.9% – 12.9%
(8.4%)
£5 – £10
(£9)

Leasehold under 50 years – 
external valuation

1,030

1,000 Income 

capitalisation

Freehold – Directors' valuation

1,825

1,825 Income 

capitalisation

Equivalent Yield

5.8% – 17.6%

Estimated Rental Value
Per sq ft p.a

Equivalent Yield

Estimated Rental Value
Per sq ft p.a

Equivalent Yield

(9%) 

£4 – £5
(£5)

25.4% – 25.8%
(25.5%)
£5 – £5
(£5)

6.1% – 6.1%
(6.1%)

RANGE 
(WEIGHTED 
AVERAGE) 
2016
£5 – £37
(£19)

5% – 14%
(8%)
£5 – £11
(£9)

7% – 18%

(11%) 

£3 – £5
(£4)

18% – 23%
(19%)
£5 – £5
(£5)

6% – 6%
(6%)

At 31 December 

78,025

105,080

There are interrelationships between all these inputs as they are determined by market conditions. The existence of an increase in more than 
one input would be to magnify the input on the valuation. The impact on the valuation will be mitigated by the interrelationship of two inputs 
in opposite directions, for example, an increase in rent may be offset by an increase in yield.

The table below illustrates the impact of changes in key unobservable inputs on the carrying / fair value of the Group's properties.

ESTIMATED RENTAL 
ValUe
10% INCREASE OR 
(DECREASE)

EQUIVALENT YIELD
25 BASIS POINT 
CONTRACTION
OR (EXPANSION)

2016
£'000

2017
£'000

2016
£'000
6,055/(6,055) 8,671/(8,671) 2,095/(1,956) 3,585/(3,298)
394/(375)
1,457/(1,457) 1,545/(1,545)
13/(13)
100/(100)
78/(72)
183/(183)

355/(338)
10/(10)
78/(71)

103/(103)
183/(183)

2017
£'000

Freehold – external valuation
Leasehold over 50 years – external valuation
Leasehold under 50 years – external valuation
Freehold – Directors' valuation

48  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

11. MINING RESERVES, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Cost at 1 January 2017
Exchange adjustment
Additions
Disposals
At 31 December 2017

Accumulated depreciation at 1 January 2017
Exchange adjustment
Charge for the year
Disposals in year
Accumulated depreciation at 31 December 2017
Net book value at 31 December 2017

Cost at 1 January 2016
Exchange adjustment
Additions
Disposals
Cost at 31 December 2016

Accumulated depreciation at 1 January 2016
Exchange adjustment
Charge for the year
Disposals
Accumulated depreciation at 31 December 2016
Net book value at 31 December 2016

12.  INVESTMENT IN JOINT VENTURE

Shares in joint venture:

At 1 January
Write off of investment
Exchange adjustment
At 31 December

TOTAL
£'000 
 25,817 
 474 
 1,758 
(53)
 27,996 

 17,164 
 332 
 1,804 
(39)
 19,261 
 8,735 

 17,188 
 6,273 
 2,862 
(506)
 25,817 

 11,636 
 4,202 
 1,818 
(492)
 17,164 
 8,653 

MINING 
RESERVES
£'000 
 1,344 
 22 
– 
– 
 1,366 

MINING
EQUIPMENT
£'000 
 23,724 
 447 
 1,731 
– 
 25,902 

OFFICE 
EQUIPMENT 
AND MOTOR
VEHICLES
£'000
 749 
 5 
 27 
(53)
 728 

 1,287 
 21 
 1 
(1)
 1,308 
 58 

 995 
 349 
– 
– 
 1,344 

 949 
 336 
 2 
– 
 1,287 
 57 

 15,370 
 308 
 1,763 
– 
 17,441 
 8,461 

 15,453 
 5,858 
 2,814 
(401)
 23,724 

 10,201 
 3,824 
 1,746 
(401)
 15,370 
 8,354 

2017 
£'000
 455 
(447)
(8)
– 

 507 
 3 
 40 
(38)
 512 
 216 

 740 
 66 
 48 
(105)
 749 

 486 
 42 
 70 
(91)
 507 
 242 

2016 
£'000
 325 
– 
 130 
 455 

At 31 December 2017 the joint venture had non-current assets of £nil (2016: £1,346,000), current assets of £nil (2016: £3,000) and current 
liabilities of £nil (2016: £1,349,000).

Bisichi owned 49% of the issued share capital of Ezimbokodweni (an unlisted coal production company in South Africa). The Directors of 
Bisichi have now concluded that the joint venture (which has not traded to date) is unlikely to generate income in the foreseeable future. For 
that reason, the investment and the loan (Note 13) have been written off.

13. LOAN TO JOINT VENTURE

Loan to Ezimbokodweni Mining (Pty) Limited
At 1 January
Exchange adjustment
Additions - interest
Write-off
At 31 December

14.  ASSETS HELD FOR SALE

At 1 January 
Transfer from investment property (Note 10) 
Disposal 
At 31 December

2017 
JOINT 
VENTURES 
ASSETS 
£'000

2016 
JOINT 
VENTURES 
ASSETS 
£'000

1,350
(16)
46
(1,380)
– 

2017 
£'000
– 
36,441
– 
36,441

 900 
 336 
 114 
– 
 1,350 

2016 
£'000
 2,335 
– 
(2,335)
– 

In March 2018 contracts were exchanged for the sale of both Brixton markets for a combined price of £37.25 million. The properties were held at a 
valuation of £24.52 million at 31 December 2016 and a revaluation gain of £11.92 million is recognised in note 10 prior to the transfer of the 
property to assets held for sale. Following the Market Row completion on 23 April 2018, £15.9 million of bank loans related to those properties 
have been repaid as required by the terms of the loan agreements. The Brixton Village completion was on 26 April 2018. As required under IFRS, 
these properties have been reclassified from investment properties to assets held for sale, at fair value less costs to sell of £36.44 million. Related 
loans are classified as non-current in Note 23.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

15.  SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
In accordance with Section 409 of the Companies Act 2006 a full list of subsidiaries, the principal activity, the country of incorporation and 
the percentage of equity owned, as at 31 December 2017 is disclosed below:

ENTITY
Analytical Investments Limited
Analytical Portfolios Limited
Analytical Properties Holdings Limited
Analytical Properties Limited
Analytical Ventures Limited
24 Bruton Place Limited
24 BPL (Harrogate) Limited
24 BPL (Harrogate ) Two Limited
Brixton Village Limited
Market Row Limited
Newincco 1243 Limited
Newincco 1244 Limited
Newincco 1245 Limited

ACTIVITY
Dormant
Dormant
Property 
Property
Property
Dormant
Investment
Investment
Property
Property
Property
Property
Property 
Management 
Services
Property 
Newincco 1299 Limited
Property
Newincco 1300 Limited
Property
LAP Ocean Holdings Limited
Property
LAP Ocean Two Limited
Dormant
London & Associated Limited
Dormant
London & Associated (Rugeley) Limited
Dormant
London & Associated Securities Limited
London & Associated Management Services Limited Property 

PERCENTAGE 
OF SHARE 
CAPITAL
100%
100% 
100%
100%
100%
100%
88%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%

COUNTRY OF 
INCORPORATION

REGISTERED ADDRESS
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales

100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%

24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales

London & African Investments Limited
Orchard Chambers Residential Limited
Bisichi Mining PLC (Note D)
Mineral Products Limited (Note A)(Note D)
Bisichi (Properties) Limited (Note A)(Note D)
Bisichi Mining (Exploration) Limited (Note A)(Note 
D)
Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Limited (Note A)(Note D) Coal mining

100% 
100%
41.52%

Management 
Services
Dormant
Dormant
Coal mining
Share dealing 100%
100%
Property
100%
Holding 
company

62.5%

Bisichi Coal Mining (Pty) Limited (Note A)(Note D)

Coal mining

100%

Dormant

Urban First (Northampton) Limited (Note A)(Note 
D)
Bisichi Trustee Limited (Note A)(Note D)
Bisichi Mining Management Services Limited 
(Note A) (Note D)
Ninghi Marketing Limited (Note A)(Note D)
Bisichi Northampton Limited (Note A)(Note D)
Amandla Ehtu Mineral Resource Development 
(Pty) Limited (Note A)(Note D)
Black Wattle Klipfontein (Pty) Limited (Note A)(Note D) Coal mining

Dormant
Property
Dormant

Property
Dormant

100%

100%
100%

90.1%
100%
70%

62.5%

Dragon Retail Properties Limited (Note B)(Note 
D)
Newincco 1338 Limited (Note C)

Property 

50%

24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales

Samora Machel Street, Bethal Road, 
Middelburg, Mpumalanga, 1050
Samora Machel Street, Bethal Road, 
Middelburg, Mpumalanga, 1050
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales

South Africa

South Africa

24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales

24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales
Samora Machel Street, Bethal Road, 
Middelburg, Mpumalanga, 1050
Samora Machel Street, Bethal Road, 
Middelburg, Mpumalanga, 1050
24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales

South Africa

South Africa

Property 

100%

24 Bruton Place, London, W1J 6NE England and Wales

Details on the non–controlling interest in subsidiaries are shown under Note 27.

Note A: these companies are owned by Bisichi and the equity shareholdings disclosed relate to that company.

Note B: this entity is a joint venture owned 50% by LAP and 50% by Bisichi.

Note C: this company is owned by Dragon and the equity shareholdings disclosed relate to that company.

Note D: Bisichi and Dragon and their subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS 10.

50  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

16. INVENTORIES

Coal
Washed
Mining production
Work in progress
Other

2017 
£'000 

 301 
 286 
 227 
 14 
 828 

17.  HELD TO MATURITY INVESTMENTS AND OTHER INVESTMENTS

Held to maturity investments:

At 1 January
Repayments
At 31 December

2017
TOTAL
£'000
 1,874 
(126)
1,748

UNLISTED
SHARES
£'000
 1 
– 
 1 

LOAN
STOCK
£'000
 1,873 
(126)
 1,747 

2016
TOTAL
£'000
 1,995 
(121)
1,874

UNLISTED
SHARES
£'000
 1 
– 
 1 

2016 
£'000 

 1,139 
 83 
 458 
 41 
 1,721 

LOAN
STOCK
£'000
 1,994 
(121)
 1,873 

The Group owns a 3.17% (2016: 6.95%) interest in the equity and loans of HRGT Shopping Centres LP (HRGT), a limited partnership set up 
in England to acquire and own 3 shopping centres in Dunfermline, Kings Lynn and Loughborough. 96.4% (2016: 92.10%) of the equity and 
loans are owned by Oaktree Capital Management and 0.43% (2016: 0.95%) by Gooch Cunliffe Whale LLP. London & Associated 
Management Services Limited has a management contract to manage the properties on behalf of HRGT.

Other investments:

Net book and market value of investments listed on overseas stock exchange

18.  TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

Trade receivables
Other receivables
Prepayments and accrued income

The directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other receivables approximates to their fair value.

19.  INVESTMENTS AVAILABLE FOR SALE AND HELD FOR TRADING

Market bid value of the listed investment portfolio - available for sale
Market bid value of the listed investment portfolio - held for trading
Unrealised gain of market value over cost
Listed investment portfolio at cost

2017 
£'000 
 51 

2017 
£'000 
 4,920 
 736 
 1,476 
 7,132 

2017 
£'000 
 1,050 
 19 
 129 
 940 

2016 
£'000 
 32 

2016 
£'000 
 4,701 
 1,010 
 1,350 
 7,061 

2016 
£'000 
 781 
 19 
 45 
 755 

Investments are listed on the London Stock Exchange with the exception of £47,000 (2016: £60,000) listed outside Great Britain.

The directors have reviewed the individual investments for impairment and do not consider the investments which are below cost to be impaired.

20.  TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

Trade payables
Other taxation and social security costs
Other payables
Accruals and deferred income

The directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other payables approximates to their fair value.

2017 
£'000 
 3,937 
 629 
 2,842 
 5,501 
 12,909 

2016 
£'000 
 3,618 
 739 
 2,815 
 5,770 
 12,942 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

21.  BORROWINGS

Other loans (Bisichi)
£1.25 million term bank loan (secured) repayable by 2020 (Dragon)*
£3.75 million first mortgage debenture stock 2018 at 11.6 per cent
Bank overdrafts (secured) (Bisichi)
Bank loan (secured)(Bisich)
£10 million first mortgage debenture stock 2022 at 8.109 per cent*
£5.876 million term bank loan (secured) repayable by 2019 (Bisichi)*
£34.897 million term bank loan (secured) repayable by 2019*
£10.105 million term bank loan (secured) repayable by 2019 at 9.5 per cent*

Borrowings analysis by origin:

United Kingdom
South Africa

2017
£'000 
CURRENT
 26 
– 
 3,000 
 1,262 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
 4,288 

2017
£'000 
NON-CURRENT
– 
 1,218 
– 
– 
– 
 9,922 
 5,872 
 34,640 
 10,009 
 61,661 

2016
£'000 
CURRENT
 24 
– 
 750 
 3,334 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
 4,108 

2016
£'000 
NON-CURRENT
– 
 1,207 
 3,000 
– 
 66 
 9,905 
 5,810 
 34,468 
 9,945 
 64,401 

2017
£'000 
64,621
1,328
65,949

2016 
£'000 
65,085
3,424
68,509

*  The £10 million debenture and bank loans are shown after deduction of un-amortised issue costs.

Interest payable on the term bank loans is variable being based upon the London inter–bank offered rate (LIBOR) plus margin.

In June 2017, the Group repaid early £0.75 million of the £5 million first mortgage debenture stock 2018, at an additional cost of £14,000.

First Mortgage Debenture Stocks August 2018 and 2022 and the Santander £34.897 million and Europa £10.105 million term bank loans 
repayable in July 2019 are secured by way of a charge on specific freehold and leasehold properties which are included in the financial 
statements at a value of £96.52 million. In addition, £0.12 million of cash deposits are charged as security to debenture stocks. The £34.897 
million bank loan has an interest cost of 2 per cent above LIBOR. An interest rate swap and cap agreements are in place as detailed in Note 
23. Santander bank loans of £12.8 million and Europa bank loans of £3.1m related to Brixton Markets sales are repayable on completion in 
accordance with the terms of the loan agreements.

The Bisichi United Kingdom bank loans of £5.832 million (2016: £5.810 million) are secured by way of a first charge over the investment 
properties in the UK which are included in the financial statements at a value of £13.2 million. The interest cost of the bank loan is 2.35 per 
cent above LIBOR.

The Bisichi South African bank loans and overdrafts of £1.328 million (2016: £3.424 million) are secured by way of a first charge over specific 
pieces of mining equipment, inventory and the debtors of the relevant company which holds the loan which are included in the financial 
statements at a value of £6.1 million.

The bank loan of £1.25 million (Dragon) which is repayable in November 2020 is secured by way of a first charge on specific freehold 
property and which is included in the financial statements at a value of £2.58 million. The interest cost of the loan is 2 per cent above LIBOR.

The Group's objectives when managing capital are: 

–   To safeguard the Group's ability to continue as a going concern, so that it may provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other 

stakeholders; and

–   To provide adequate returns to shareholders by ensuring returns are commensurate with the risk.

Analysis of the changes in liabilities arising from financing activities:

Balance at 1 January
Exchange adjustments
Cash movements excluding exchange adjustments
Valuation movements
Balance at 31 December

2017 
£'000
BORROWINGS
 68,509 
(4)
(2,820)
 264 
 65,949 

2017 
£'000
FINANCE 
LEASES
 4,767 
– 
– 
(1,534)
 3,233 

2016 
£'000
BORROWINGS
 67,218 
 854 
 173 
 264 
 68,509 

2016 
£'000
FINANCE 
LEASES
 4,784 
– 
– 
(17)
 4,767 

52  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

22.  PROVISIONS

At 1 January
Exchange adjustment
Unwinding of discount
At 31 December

The above provision relates to mine rehabilitation costs in Bisichi.

23.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Total financial assets and liabilities

The Group's financial assets and liabilities and their fair values are as follows: 

2017 
£'000 
 1,236 
 21 
 92 
 1,349 

2016 
£'000 
 847 
 311 
 78 
 1,236 

Cash and cash equivalents
Assets held for sale
Investments held to maturity
Loan to joint venture
Other investments
Investments held for trading
Available for sale investments
Derivative assets
Other assets
Derivative liabilities
Bank overdrafts
Bank loans
Present value of head leases on properties
Other liabilities
Total financial liabilities before debentures

Fair value of debenture stocks
Fair value of the Group's debenture liabilities:

Debenture stocks
Tax at 19.25 per cent (2016: 20 per cent)
Post tax fair value adjustment
Post tax fair value adjustment – basic pence per share

FAIR 
VALUE 
£'000 
 7,528 
 36,441 
 1,748 
– 
 51 
 19 
 1,050 
 1 
 5,656 
(435)
(1,262)
(52,218)
(3,233)
(6,779)
(11,433)

BOOK 
VALUE 
£'000 
(13,000)
– 
– 
– 

2017 

2016 

CARRYING 
VALUE 
£'000 
 7,528 
 36,441 
 1,748 
– 
 51 
 19 
 1,050 
 1 
 5,656 
(435)
(1,262)
(51,765)
(3,233)
(6,779)
(10,980)

FAIR 
VALUE 
£'000 
 6,265 
– 
 1,874 
 1,350 
 32 
 19 
 781 
 4 
 5,711 
(793)
(3,334)
(52,218)
(4,767)
(6,432)
(51,508)

CARRYING 
VALUE 
£'000 
 6,265 
– 
 1,874 
 1,350 
 32 
 19 
 781 
 4 
 5,711 
(793)
(3,334)
(51,520)
(4,767)
(6,432)
(50,810)

FAIR 
VALUE 
£'000 
(15,686)
– 
– 
– 

2017
FAIR VALUE 
ADJUSTMENT 
£'000 
(2,686)
 517 
(2,169)
(2.54)p

2016 
FAIR VALUE 
ADJUSTMENT 
£'000 
(3,526)
 705 
(2,821)
(3.3)p

There is no material difference in respect of other financial liabilities or any financial assets.

The fair values were calculated by the directors as at 31 December 2017 and reflect the replacement value of the financial instruments used 
to manage the Group's exposure to adverse rate movements.

The fair values of the debentures are based on the net present value at the relevant gilt interest rate of the future payments of interest on the 
debentures. The bank loans and overdrafts are at variable rates and there is no material difference between book values and fair values.

Investments held for trading and available for sale fall under level 1 of the fair value hierarchy into which fair value measurements are 
recognised in accordance with the levels set out in IFRS 7. Held to maturity investments are held at cost and other investments are held at 
fair value. The directors are of the opinion that the difference in value between cost and fair value of other investments is not significant or 
material. The comparative figures for 2016 fall under the same category of financial instrument as 2017.

The carrying amount of short term (less than 12 months) trade receivable and other liabilities approximates its fair values. The fair value of 
non-current borrowings in Note 21 approximates its carrying value and was determined under level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and is 
estimated by discounting the future contractual cash flows at the current market interest rates for UK borrowings and for the South African 
overdraft facility. The fair value of the finance lease liabilities in Note 31 approximates its carrying value and was determined under level 2 of 
the fair value hierarchy and is estimated by discounting the future contractual cash flows at the current market interest rates.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  53

 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

23.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED

Treasury policy 
The Group enters into derivative transactions such as interest rate 
swaps and forward exchange contracts in order to help manage the 
financial risks arising from the Group's activities. The main risks 
arising from the Group's financing structure are interest rate risk, 
liquidity risk and market price risk, credit risk, commodity price risk 
and foreign exchange risk. The policies for managing each of these 
risks and the principal effects of these policies on the results are 
summarised below.

Sensitivity analysis
LAP and Dragon have variable interest term debts which are covered 
by derivatives. Additionally, LAP has variable interest term debt 
covered by interest caps. At 31 December 2017, with other variables 
unchanged, a 1% increase in interest rates would change the profit/
loss for the year by £175,000 (2016: £173,000). Bisichi has variable 
loans and a 1% increase in interest rates would change the profit/
loss for the year by £82,000 (2016: £56,000).

The Bisichi South African bank loans are secured by way of a first 
charge over specific pieces of mining equipment, inventory and the 
debtors of the relevant company which holds the loan. The rates of 
interest vary based on PRIME in South Africa.

The £1.25 million bank loan (Dragon) is secured by way of a first 
charge on specific freehold property. The rate of interest varies 
based on LIBOR in the UK.

Liquidity risk 
The Group's policy is to minimise refinancing risk by balancing its 
exposure to interest risk and to refinancing risk. In effect the Group 
seeks to borrow for as long as possible at the lowest acceptable cost. 
Efficient treasury management and strict credit control minimise the 
costs and risks associated with this policy which ensures that funds 
are available to meet commitments as they fall due. Cash and cash 
equivalents earn interest at rates based on LIBOR in the UK. These 
facilities are considered adequate to meet the Group's anticipated 
cash flow requirements for the foreseeable future.

Interest rate risk 
Treasury activities take place under procedures and policies approved 
and monitored by the Board to minimise the financial risk faced by 
the Group. The £34.897 million bank loan and Bisichi United 
Kingdom bank loans and overdraft are secured by way of a first 
charge on certain fixed assets. The rates of interest vary based on 
LIBOR in the UK.

In South Africa, an increased structured trade finance facility for 
R100million was signed by Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Limited in July 
2017 with Absa Bank Limited. The facility is renewable annually at 
30 June and is secured against inventory, debtors and cash that are 
held by Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Limited. The trade facility, which is 
repayable on demand, is included in cash and cash equivalents within 
the cashflow statement. 

The £10.105 million term bank loan is secured by way of a second 
charge on certain fixed assets. This loan is based on a fixed interest 
rate.

The table below analyses the Group's financial liabilities (excluding interest rate derivatives) into maturity Groupings and also provides details 
of the liabilities that bear interest at fixed, floating and non–interest bearing rates.

Bank overdrafts (floating)
Debentures (fixed)
Bank loans (fixed)
Bank loans (floating)*
Trade and other payables (non–interest)

Bank overdrafts (floating)
Debentures (fixed)
Bank loans (fixed)
Bank loans (floating)*
Trade and other payables (non–interest)

2017 
TOTAL 
£'000 
 1,262 
 12,922 
 10,009 
 41,756 
  6,779  
 72,728 

2016 
TOTAL
£'000 
 3,334 
 13,655 
 9,945 
 41,575 
6,432 
 74,941 

LESS THAN 
1 YEAR 
£'000 
 1,262 
 3,000 
– 
 26 
  6,779  
 11,067 

LESS THAN
1 YEAR
£'000 
 3,334 
 750 
– 
 24 
6,432 
10,540

2-5 YEARS 
£'000 
– 
9,922  
 10,009 
 41,730 
– 
 61,661 

2-5 YEARS
£'000 
– 
 3,000 
 9,945 
 41,551 
– 
 54,496 

OVER
5 YEARS 
£'000 
– 
–
– 
– 
– 
–

OVER
5 YEARS
£'000 
– 
 9,905 
– 
– 
– 
 9,905 

The Group would normally expect that sufficient cash is generated in the operating cycle to meet the contractual cash flows as disclosed 
above through effective cash management. 

*Certain bank loans are fully hedged with appropriate interest derivatives. Details of all hedges are shown below.

54  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

23.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED

Market price risk
The Group is exposed to market price risk through interest rate and 
currency fluctuations.

Credit risk 
At the balance sheet date there were no significant concentrations of 
credit risk. The maximum exposure to credit risk is represented by 
the carrying amount of each financial asset in the balance sheet. The 
Group only deposits surplus cash with well–established financial 
institutions of high quality credit standing.

Foreign exchange risk 
Only Bisichi is subject to this risk. All trading is undertaken in the 
local currencies except for certain export sales which are invoiced in 
US Dollars. It is not the Bisichi Group's policy to obtain forward 
contracts to mitigate foreign exchange risk on these contracts as 
payment terms are within 15 days of invoice or earlier. Funding is 
also in local currencies other than inter-company investments and 
loans and it is also not the Bisichi Group's policy to obtain forward 
contracts to mitigate foreign exchange risk on these amounts. During 
2017 and 2016 the Bisichi Group did not hedge its exposure of 
foreign investments held in foreign currencies. 

The Bisichi directors consider there to be no significant risk from 
exchange rate movements of foreign currencies against the 
functional currencies of the reporting companies within the Bisichi 
Group, excluding inter-company balances. The principal currency risk 
to which the Bisichi Group is exposed in regard to inter-company 
balances is the exchange rate between Pounds Sterling and South 
African Rand. It arises as a result of the retranslation of Rand 
denominated inter-company trade receivable balances held within 
the UK which are payable by South African Rand functional currency 
subsidiaries. 

Based on the Bisichi Group's net financial assets and liabilities as at 
31 December 2017, a 25% strengthening of Sterling against the 
South African Rand, with all other variables held constant, would 
decrease the Bisichi Group's profit after taxation by £34,000 (2016: 
£435,000). A 25% weakening of Sterling against the South African 
Rand, with all other variables held constant would increase the 
Bisichi Group's profit after taxation by £56,000 (2016: £725,000). 

The 25% sensitivity has been determined based on the average 
historic volatility of the exchange rate for 2016 and 2017. 

The table below shows the Bisichi currency profiles of cash and cash equivalents:

Sterling
South African Rand
US Dollar

Cash and cash equivalents earn interest at rates based on LIBOR in Sterling and Prime in Rand. 

The tables below shows the Bisichi currency profiles of net monetary assets and liabilities by functional currency:

2017:
Sterling
South African Rand
US Dollar

2016:
Sterling
South African Rand
US Dollar

2017
£'000 
3,402
1,923
2
5,327

2016 
£'000 
1,717
725
2
2,444

UK
£'000 
(832)
54
13
(765)

SOUTH AFRICA 
£'000 
–
(1,304)
–
(1,304)

UK
£'000 
(2,522)
36
35
(2,451)

SOUTH AFRICA 
£'000 
–
(2,262)
–
(2,262)

Borrowing facilities 
At 31 December 2017 the Group was within its bank borrowing facilities and was not in breach of any of the covenants. Term loan 
repayments are as set out on next page. Details of other financial liabilities are shown in Notes 20 and 21. 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  55

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

23.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED

Interest rate and hedge profile 

Fixed rate borrowings
Floating rate borrowings
– Subject to interest rate swap 
– Other borrowings

Average fixed interest rate
Weighted average swapped interest rate
Weighted average cost of debt on overdrafts, bank loans and debentures
Average period for which borrowing rate is fixed
Average period for which borrowing rate is swapped

2017 
£'000 
 23,105 

 36,147 
 7,160 
 66,412 

9.17%
3.32%
5.45%
2.9 years
1.5 years

2016 
£'000 
 23,855 

 36,147 
 9,300 
 69,302 

9.24%
3.30%
5.80%
3.8 years
2.5 years

The Group's floating rate debt bears interest based on LIBOR for the term bank loans and bank base rate for the overdraft.

At 31 December 2017 the Group had hedges totalling £34.897 million to cover the £34.9 million bank loan. These consisted of a 5 year 
swap for £17.5 million, at 2.25% and a £17.397 million cap agreement at 2.25% to July 2019.

At the year end the fair value liability in the accounts was £435,000 (2016: £793,000) as valued by the hedge provider. 

At 31 December 2017, Dragon had hedges of £1.25 million to cover the £1.25 million bank loan. This consists of a 5 year £1.25 million cap 
agreement taken out in November 2016 at 2.5%. At the year end, the fair value asset in the accounts was £1,000 (2016: £4,000), as valued 
by the hedge provider.

Fair value of financial instruments

Fair value estimation
The Group has adopted the amendment to IFRS 7 for financial instruments that are measured in the balance sheet at fair value. This requires 
the methods of fair value measurement to be classified into a hierarchy based on the reliability of the information used to determine the 
valuation, as follows:

–  Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1).

–   Inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (that is, as prices) 

or indirectly (that is, derived from prices) (level 2).

–  Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (that is unobservable inputs) (level 3).

LEVEL 1 
£'000

LEVEL 2 
£'000

LEVEL 3 
£'000

TOTAL 
£'000

2017
GAIN/(LOSS) 
TO INCOME 
STATEMENT
£'000

1,069

–

–

–

1

435

–

–

–

1,069

1

-

(3)

435

358

LEVEL 1 
£'000

LEVEL 2 
£'000

LEVEL 3 
£'000

TOTAL 
£'000

2016
GAIN/(LOSS) 
TO INCOME 
STATEMENT
£'000

832

–

–

–

4

793

–

–

–

832

4

13

(11)

793

(206)

Financial assets
Other financial assets held for trading and available for sale
Quoted equities
Derivative financial instruments
Interest rate swaps
Financial liabilities
Derivative financial instruments
Interest rate swaps

Financial assets
Other financial assets held for trading and available for sale
Quoted equities
Derivative financial instruments
Interest rate swaps
Financial liabilities
Derivative financial instruments
Interest rate swaps

56  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

23.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED

Capital structure
The Group sets the amount of capital in proportion to risk. It ensures that the capital structure is commensurate to the economic conditions 
and risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may vary the amount of 
dividends paid to shareholders, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares or sell assets to reduce debt.

The Group considers its capital to include share capital, share premium, capital redemption reserve, translation reserve and retained earnings, 
but excluding the interest rate derivatives.

Consistent with others in the industry, the Group monitors its capital by its debt to equity ratio (gearing levels). This is calculated as the net 
debt (loans less cash and cash equivalents) as a percentage of the equity calculated as follows:

Total debt
Less cash and cash equivalents
Net debt
Total equity

2017
£'000 
65,949
(7,528)
58,421
56,710
103.0%

2016 
£'000
68,509
(6,265)
62,244
48,631
128.0%

The Group does not have any externally imposed capital requirements.

Financial assets
The Group's principal financial assets are bank balances and cash, trade and other receivables, investments and assets held for sale. The Group has 
no significant concentration of credit risk as exposure is spread over a large number of counterparties and customers. The credit risk in liquid funds 
and derivative financial instruments is limited because the counterparties are banks with high credit ratings assigned by international credit–rating 
agencies. The Group's credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade receivables. The amounts presented in the balance sheet are net of allowances 
for doubtful receivables, estimated by the Group's management based on prior experience and the current economic environment.

Financial assets maturity
Cash and cash equivalents all have a maturity of less than three months.

Cash at bank and in hand

2017
£'000 
7,528

2016 
£'000
6,265

These funds are primarily invested in short term bank deposits maturing within one year bearing interest at the bank's variable rates. 

Financial liabilities maturity
The following table sets out the maturity profile of contractual undiscounted cashflows of financial liabilities as at 31 December:

Repayment of borrowings

Bank loans and overdrafts:
Repayable on demand or within one year
Repayable between two and five years

Debentures:
Repayable within one year
Repayable between two and five years
Repayable in more than five years

2017
£'000 

2016 
£'000

1,288
51,739
53,027

3,000
9,922
–
65,949

3,358
51,496
54,854

750
3,000
9,905
68,509

Certain borrowing agreements contain financial and other conditions that if contravened by the Group, could alter the repayment profile.

Bank loans of £15.9 million currently shown as repayable between two and five years related to Brixton markets sales are repayable on completion.

24.  DEFERRED TAX ASSET

Balance at 1 January
Transferred to consolidated income statement
Balance at 31 December

The deferred tax balance comprises the following:
Revaluation of properties
Accelerated capital allowances
Fair value of interest derivatives
Short-term timing differences
Loss relief
Deferred tax asset at end of year:

2017 
£'000 
 1,134 
(1,134)
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

2016 
£'000 
 2,390 
(1,256)
 1,134 

(2,719)
(904)
 151 
(124)
 4,730 
 1,134 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  57

 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

25.  DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES

Balance at 1 January
Transferred from/(to) consolidated income statement
Transferred from other comprehensive income
Exchange adjustment
Balance at 31 December

The deferred tax balance comprises the following:
Revaluation of properties
Accelerated capital allowances
Short-term timing differences
Unredeemed capital deductions
Losses and other deductions
Deferred tax liability provision at end of year:

2017 
£'000 
 2,329 
 1,484 
– 
 35 
 3,848 

 5,836 
 2,522 
 144 
(83)
(4,571)
 3,848 

2016 
£'000 
 2,106 
(154)
 13 
 364 
 2,329 

 793 
 1,347 
 191 
(642)
 640 
 2,329 

The directors consider the temporary differences arising in connection with the interests in joint ventures are insignificant. There is no time 
limit in respect of the Group tax loss relief.

In addition, the Group has unused losses and reliefs with a potential value of £5,427,000 (2016: £5,455,000), which have not been 
recognised as a deferred tax asset. As the Group returns to profit, these losses and reliefs can be utilised.

26.  SHARE CAPITAL

The Company has one class of ordinary shares which carry no right to fixed income.

Authorised: ordinary shares of 10p each 
Allotted, issued and fully paid share capital
Less: held in Treasury (see below)
“Issued share capital” for reporting purposes

Treasury shares

Shares held in Treasury at 1 January 
Issued for share incentive plan -dividends investment (Jan 2016 - 25p)
Issued to meet directors bonuses (Jan 2016 - 24.50p)
Issued to meet staff bonuses (Jan 2016 - 24.50p)
Issued for new directors share incentive plan (Jan 2016 - 24.50p)
Issued for new staff share incentive plan (Jan 2016 - 24.50p)
Issued for share incentive plan -dividends investment (Nov 2016 - 21.25p)
Issued to meet directors bonuses (Nov 2016 - 21.25p)
Shares held in Treasury at 31 December 

Share Option Schemes

NUMBER OF 
ORDINARY 10P 
SHARES 
2017
 110,000,000 
 85,542,711 
(221,061)
 85,321,650 

 NUMBER OF 
ORDINARY 10P 
SHARES 
2016
 110,000,000 
 85,542,711 
(221,061)
 85,321,650 

2017 
£'000 
 11,000 
 8,554 
(22)
 8,532 

2016 
£'000 
 11,000 
 8,554 
(22)
 8,532 

NUMBER OF  
ORDINARY  
10P SHARES

COST/ISSUE VALUE 

2017 
 221,061 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
 221,061 

2016 
 734,816 
(1,936)
(69,225)
(154,073)
(24,488)
(36,732)
(2,831)
(224,470)
 221,061 

2017 
£'000 
 145 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
 145 

2016 
£'000 
 482 
(1)
(45)
(101)
(16)
(24)
(2)
(148)
 145 

Employees' share option scheme (Approved scheme)
At 31 December 2017 there were no options to subscribe for ordinary shares outstanding, issued under the terms of the Employees' Share 
Option Scheme.

This share option scheme was approved by members in 1986, and has been approved by Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs (HMRC). 

There are no performance criteria for the exercise of options under the Approved scheme, as this was set up before such requirements were 
considered to be necessary.

A summary of the shares allocated and options issued under the scheme up to 31 December 2017 is as follows:

AT 1
JANUARY 
2017
Shares issued to date 
 2,367,604 
 1,549,955 
Shares allocated over which options have not been granted
Total shares allocated for issue to employees under the scheme  3,917,559 

OPTIONS 
EXERCISED
– 
– 
– 

OPTIONS 
GRANTED
– 
– 
– 

OPTIONS 
LAPSED
– 
– 
– 

AT 31 
DECEMBER 
2017
 2,367,604 
 1,549,955 
 3,917,559 

CHANGES DURING THE YEAR

58  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

26.  SHARE CAPITAL CONTINUED

Non–approved Executive Share Option Scheme (Unapproved scheme)
A share option scheme known as the “Non–approved Executive Share Option Scheme” which does not have HMRC approval was set up 
during 2000. At 31 December 2017 there were no options to subscribe for ordinary shares outstanding.

The exercise of options under the Unapproved scheme is subject to the satisfaction of objective performance conditions specified by the 
remuneration committee which confirms to institutional shareholder guidelines and best practice provisions.

A summary of the shares allocated and options issued under the scheme up to 31 December 2017 is as follows:

AT 1
JANUARY 
2017
 450,000 
Shares issued to date 
Shares allocated over which options have not yet been granted
 550,000 
Total shares allocated for issue to employees under the scheme  1,000,000 

OPTIONS 
EXERCISED
– 
– 
– 

OPTIONS 
GRANTED
– 
– 
– 

OPTIONS 
LAPSED
– 
– 
– 

AT 31 
DECEMBER 
2017
 450,000 
 550,000 
 1,000,000 

CHANGES DURING THE YEAR

The Bisichi Mining PLC Unapproved Option Schemes 
Details of the share option schemes in Bisichi are as follows:

YEAR OF GRANT
2010
2015

SUBSCRIPTION 
PRICE PER SHARE 

PERIOD WITHIN 
WHICH OPTIONS 
EXERCISABLE 
202.5p Aug 2013 – Aug 2020
87.0p Sep 2015 – Sep 2025

NUMBER OF SHARES
FOR WHICH OPTIONS 
OUTSTANDING AT 
31 DECEMBER 2016
 80,000 
 300,000 

NUMBER OF 
SHARE OPTIONS 
ISSUED/EXERCISED/ 
(CANCELLED) 
DURING YEAR 
– 
– 

NUMBER OF SHARES 
FOR WHICH OPTIONS 
OUTSTANDING AT 
31 DECEMBER 2017
 80,000 
 300,000 

The exercise of options under the Unapproved Share Option Schemes, for certain option issues, is subject to the satisfaction of the objective 
performance conditions specified by the remuneration committee, which will conform to institutional shareholder guidelines and best 
practice provisions in force from time to time.

On the 5 February 2018 Bisichi entered into an agreement with G.Casey to surrender the 80,000 options which were granted in 2010. The 
aggregate consideration paid by the Group to effect the cancellation was £1. There are no performance or service conditions attached to 
2015 options which are outstanding at 31 December 2017 which vested in 2015. 

On 6 February 2018 Bisichi granted additional options to the following directors:

•  A.Heller 150,000 options at an exercise price of 73.50p per share.

•  G.Casey 230,000 options at an exercise price of 73.50p per share.

The above options vest on date of grant and are exercisable within a period of 10 years from date of grant. There are no performance or 
service conditions attached to the options.

Outstanding at 1 January
Lapsed during the year
Outstanding at 31 December
Exercisable at 31 December

27.  NON–CONTROLLING INTEREST (“NCI”)

As at 1 January
Share of profit for the year
Share of gain on available for sale investments
Dividends received
Shares issued
Exchange movement
As at 31 December

The following subsidiaries had material NCI:

Bisichi Mining PLC 
Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd

2017
WEIGHTED 
AVERAGE 
EXERCISE PRICE
111.3p
– 
111.3p
111.3p

2017 
NUMBER
 380,000 
– 
 380,000 
 380,000 

2016
WEIGHTED
AVERAGE 
EXERCISE PRICE
133.1p
237.5p
111.3p
111.3p

2016 
NUMBER
 705,000 
(325,000)
 380,000 
 380,000 

2017 
£'000 
 10,389 
 610 
 49 
(250)
– 
 58 
 10,856 

2016 
£'000 
 9,574 
 208 
 104 
(250)
 64 
 689 
 10,389 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  59

 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

27.  NON–CONTROLLING INTEREST (“NCI”) CONTINUED
Summarised financial information for these subsidiaries is set out below. The information is before inter–company eliminations with other 
companies in the Group.

BISICHI MINING PLC
Revenue
Profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent
Profit/(loss) for the year attributable to NCI
Profit for the year
Other comprehensive income attributable to owners of the parent
Other comprehensive income attributable to NCI
Other comprehensive income for the year
Balance sheet
Non–current assets
Current assets
Total assets
Current liabilities
Non–current liabilities
Total liabilities
Net current assets at 31 December
Cash flows
From operating activities
From investing activities
From financing activities
Net cash flows

2017 
£'000 
 37,446 
 749 
 172 
 921 
 163 
 11 
 174 

 22,935 
 13,622 
36,557 
(9,025)
(9,858)
(18,883)
17,674 

 7,692 
(1,812)
(975)
 4,905 

2016 
£'000 
 22,791 
 479 
(72)
 407 
 1,186 
 100 
 1,286 

 24,649 
 12,224 
 36,873 
(10,326)
(9,541)
(19,867)
 17,006 

 2,941 
(1,570)
(969)
 402 

The non–controlling interest comprises of a 37.5% shareholding in Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd, a coal mining company incorporated in 
South Africa.

Summarised financial information reflecting 100% of the underlying subsidiary's relevant figures, is set out below.

BLACK WATTLE COLLIERY (PTY) LIMITED (“BLACK WATTLE”)
Revenue
Expenses
Profit/(loss) for the year
Total comprehensive income/(expense) for the year
Balance sheet
Non–current assets
Current assets
Current liabilities
Non–current liabilities
Net assets at 31 December

2017 
£'000 
 36,300 
(35,150)
 1,150 
 1,150 

 8,613 
 6,747 
(8,652)
(3,155)
 3,553 

2016 
£'000 
 21,703 
(22,185)
(482)
(482)

 8,516 
 8,600 
(12,151)
(2,635)
 2,330 

The non–controlling interest relates to the disposal of a 37.5% shareholding in Black Wattle in 2010. The total issued share capital in Black 
Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd was increased from 136 shares to 1,000 shares at par of ZAR1 (South African Rand) through the following shares issue:

–   a subscription for 489 ordinary shares at par by Bisichi Mining (Exploration) Limited increasing the number of shares held from 136 

ordinary shares to a total of 625 ordinary shares; 

–  a subscription for 110 ordinary shares at par by Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd; 

–  a subscription for 265 “A” shares at par by Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd

Bisichi Mining (Exploration) Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of Bisichi Mining PLC incorporated in England and Wales. 

Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd is a South African Black Economic Empowerment company and minority shareholder in Black Wattle. 

The “A” shares rank pari passu with the ordinary shares save that they will have no dividend rights until such time as the dividends paid by 
Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd on the ordinary shares subsequent to 30 October 2008 will equate to ZAR832,075,000.

A non–controlling interest of 15% in Black Wattle is recognised for all profits distributable to the 110 ordinary shares held by Vunani Mining 
(Pty) Ltd from the date of issue of the shares (18 October 2010). An additional non–controlling interest will be recognised for all profits 
distributable to the 265 “A” shares held by Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd after such time as the profits available for distribution, in Black Wattle 
Colliery (Pty) Ltd, before any payment of dividends after 30 October 2008, exceeds ZAR832,075,000. 

60  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

28.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Related party: 
Dragon Retail Properties Limited
  Current account 
Loan account 
Bisichi Mining PLC 
Current account 
Simon Heller Charitable Trust
  Current account 
Loan account 

Directors and key management
  M A Heller and J A Heller
  H D Goldring (Delmore Holdings Limited)
  C A Parritt
  R Priest
Ezimbokodweni Mining (pty) Limited - see Note 12
Totals at 31 December 2017
Totals at 31 December 2016

COST RE-
CHARGED
TO (BY) 
RELATED
PARTY 
£'000

AMOUNTS 
OWED
BY (TO) 
RELATED
PARTY 
£'000

ADVANCED TO
(BY) RELATED
PARTY 
£'000

– 
(1)

– 

(63)
– 

 15 
(15)
(18)
(35)
 46 
(71)
 53 

 24 
– 

– 

– 
(700)

 1 
– 
(4)
– 
– 
(679)
 340 

(84)
– 

– 

– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
(84)
(208)

(i)
(ii)
(ii)
(ii)

Nature of costs recharged – (i) Property management fees (ii) Consultancy fees. 

Directors 
London & Associated Properties PLC provides office premises, property management, general management, accounting and administration 
services for a number of private property companies in which Sir Michael Heller and J A Heller have an interest. Under an agreement with Sir 
Michael Heller no charge is made for these services on the basis that he reduces by an equivalent amount the charge for his services to 
London & Associated Properties PLC. The board estimates that the value of these services, if supplied to a third party, would have been 
£300,000 for the year (2016: £300,000). 

The companies for which services are provided are: Barmik Properties Limited, Cawgate Limited, Clerewell Limited, Cloathgate Limited, 
Ken–Crav Investments Limited, London & South Yorkshire Securities Limited, Metroc Limited, Penrith Retail Limited, Shop.com Limited, South 
Yorkshire Property Trust Limited, Wasdon Investments Limited, Wasdon (Dover) Limited, and Wasdon (Leeds) Limited.

In addition the Company receives management fees of £10,000 (2016: £10,000) for work done for two charitable foundations, the Michael 
& Morven Heller Charitable Foundation and the Simon Heller Charitable Trust.

The Simon Heller Trust has placed on deposit with LAP £700,000 at an interest rate of 9% which is refundable on demand.

Delmore Holdings Limited (Delmore) is a Company in which H D Goldring is a majority shareholder and director. Delmore provides 
consultancy services to the Company on an invoiced fee basis.

R Priest provided consultancy services to the Company on an invoiced fee basis. 

In 2012 a loan of £116,000 was made by Bisichi to one of the Bisichi directors - A R Heller. The loan amount outstanding at the year end was 
£56,000 (2016: £71,000) and a repayment of £15,000 (2016: £15,000) was made during the year. Interest is payable on the loan at a rate of 
6.14 percent. There is no fixed repayment date for the loan.

The directors are considered to be the only key management personnel and their remuneration including employer's national insurance for 
the year were £949,000 (2016: £1,103,000). All other disclosures required including interest in share options in respect of those directors are 
included within the remuneration report.

29.  EMPLOYEES
The average number of employees, including directors, of the Group during the year was as follows: 

Production
Administration

Staff costs during the year were as follows:

Salaries and other costs
Social security costs
Pension costs
Share based payments

2017 
192
45
237

2017
£'000
7,426
327
360
 - 
8,113

2016 
185
46
231

2016
£'000 
6,397
332
335
109
7,173

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

30.  CAPITAL COMMITMENTS

Commitments for capital expenditure approved and contracted for at the year end
Share of commitment of capital expenditure in joint venture

All the above relates to Bisichi Mining PLC.

31.  OPERATING AND FINANCE LEASES

2017
£'000 
– 
– 

2016
£'000 
 762 
 1,489 

Operating leases on land and buildings
At 31 December 2017 the Group had commitments under non–cancellable operating leases on land and buildings expiring as follows:

Within one year
Second to fifth year
After five years

Operating lease payments represent rentals payable by the Group for its office premises. 

The leases are for an average term of ten years and rentals are fixed for an average of five years.

Present value of head leases on properties

2017
£'000
 240 
 960 
 240 

2016
£'000
 240 
 960 
 480 

Within one year
Second to fifth year
After five years

Future finance charges on finance leases
Present value of finance lease liabilities

MINIMUM LEASE
PAYMENTS

PRSENT VALUE
OF MINIMUM  
LEASE PAYMENTS

2017 
£'000
 211 
 841 
 16,682 
 17,734 
(14,501)
 3,233 

2016 
£'000
 305 
 1,222 
 29,734 
 31,261 
(26,494)
 4,767 

2017 
£'000
 211 
 776 
 2,246 
 3,233 
–  
 3,233 

2016 
£'000
 305 
 1,130 
 3,332 
 4,767 
– 
 4,767 

Finance lease liabilities are in respect of leased investment property. Many leases provide for contingent rent in addition to the rents above, 
usually a proportion of rental income.

Finance lease liabilities are effectively secured as the rights to the leased asset revert to the lessor in the event of default.

Future aggregate minimum rentals receivable
The Group leases out its investment properties to tenants under operating leases. The future aggregate minimum rentals receivable under 
non–cancellable operating leases are as follows:

Within one year
Second to fifth year
After five years

2017
£'000
5,088
14,597
18,519
38,204

2016
£'000
6,684
20,104
36,736
63,524

32.  CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD
There were no contingent liabilities at 31 December 2017 (2016: £Nil), except as disclosed in Note 23.

Bank guarantees have been issued by the bankers of Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Limited on behalf of the Company to third parties. The 
guarantees are secured against the assets of the Company and have been issued in respect of the following:

Rail siding & transportation
Rehabilitation of mining land
Water & electricity

2017
£'000
64
1,387
58
1,509

2016 
£'000
63
1,364
57
1,484

In March 2018 contracts were exchanged for the sale of both Brixton markets for a combined sale price of £37.25 million. Following the 
Market Row completion on 23 April 2018, £15.9 million of bank loans related to those properties have been repaid. The Brixton Village 
completion was on 26 April 2018. As required under IFRS, these properties have been reclassified from Investment properties to Assets held 
for sale at their net disposal value of £36.44 million.

62  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

33.  COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Company balance sheet at 31 December 2017

Fixed assets
Tangible assets
Other investments:
Associated company – Bisichi Mining PLC
Subsidiaries and others including Dragon Retail Properties Limited

Current assets
Debtors
Deferred tax due after more than one year
Investments
Bank balances

Creditors
Amounts falling due within one year
Borrowings
Net current liabilities
Total assets less current liabilities

Creditors
Amounts falling due after more than one year
Net assets

Capital and reserves
Share capital
Share premium account
Capital redemption reserve
Treasury shares
Retained earnings
Shareholders' funds

NOTES

33.3

33.4
33.4

33.5
33.9
33.6

33.7
33.8

33.8

33.10

33.10

2017
£'000 

2016
£'000 

 25,397 

 27,383 

 489 
 42,598 
 43,087 
68,484 

 1,025 
 2,059 
 19 
 1,233 
 4,336 

(35,540)
(3,000)
(34,204)
 34,280 

 489 
 42,492 
 42,981 
 70,364 

 1,130 
 2,082 
 19 
 2,625 
 5,856 

(34,790)
(750)
(29,684)
 40,680 

(13,003)
 21,277 

(17,491)
 23,189 

 8,554 
 4,866 
 47 
(145)
 7,955 
 21,277 

 8,554 
 4,866 
 47 
(145)
 9,867 
 23,189 

The loss for the financial year, before dividends was £1,771,000 (2016: profit of £1,418,000)

These financial statements were approved by the board of directors and authorised for issue on 27 April 2018 and signed on its behalf by:

Sir Michael Heller 
Director 

Anil Thapar 
Director

Company Registration No. 341829 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

33.  COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

Company statement of changes in equity for the year ended 31 december 2017

Balance at 1 January 2016
Profit for the year
Total comprehensive income
Transactions with owners:
Dividends – equity holders
Disposal of own shares
Loss on transfer of own shares
Transactions with owners
Balance at 31 December 2016
Loss for the year
Total comprehensive expense
Transaction with owners:
Dividends – equity holders
Transactions with owners 
Balance at 31 December 2017

SHARE
CAPITAL
£'000 
 8,554 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
 8,554 
– 
– 

– 
– 
 8,554 

SHARE 
PREMIUM
£'000 
 4,866 
– 
– 

CAPITAL
REDEMPTION
RESERVE
£'000 
 47 
– 
– 

TREASURY 
SHARES
£'000 
(482)
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
 4,866 
– 
– 

– 
– 
 4,866 

– 
– 
– 
– 
 47 
– 
– 

– 
– 
 47 

– 
 119 
 218 
 337 
(145)
– 
– 

– 
– 
(145)

RETAINED 
EARNINGS
EXCLUDING 
TREASURY 
SHARES
£'000 
 8,803 
 1,418 
 1,418 

(136)
– 
(218)
(354)
 9,867 
(1,771)
(1,771)

(141)
(141)
 7,955 

TOTAL
EQUITY
£'000 
 21,788 
 1,418 
 1,418 

(136)
 119 
– 
(17)
 23,189 
(1,771)
(1,771)

(141)
(141)
 21,277 

£6.5 million (2016: £7.9 million) of retained earnings (excluding treasury shares) is distributable.

33.1. COMPANY 

Accounting policies
The following are the main accounting policies of the Company:

Basis of preparation
The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 101 'Reduced 
Disclosure Framework' (FRS 101) and Companies Act 2006. The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention as 
modified to include the revaluation of freehold and leasehold properties and fair value adjustments in respect of current asset investments 
and interest rate hedges.

The results of the Company are included in the consolidated financial statements. No profit or loss is presented by the Company as permitted 
by Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006. 

In these financial statements, the company has applied the exemptions available under FRS 101 in respect of the following disclosures:

•  Cash Flow Statement and related notes; 

•  Comparative period reconciliations for share capital, tangible fixed assets and intangible assets; 

•  Disclosures in respect of transactions with wholly owned subsidiaries; 

•  Disclosures in respect of capital management; 

•  The effects of new but not yet effective IFRSs; 

•  Disclosures in respect of the compensation of Key Management Personnel.

As the consolidated financial statements include the equivalent disclosures, the Company has also taken the exemptions under FRS 101 
available in respect of the following disclosures:

•  IFRS 2 Share Based Payments in respect of Group settled share based payments;

•   The disclosures required by IFRS 7 and IFRS 13 regarding financial instrument disclosures have not been provided apart from those which 

are relevant for the financial instruments which are held at fair value and are not either held as part of trading portfolio or derivatives.

Key judgements and estimates
The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make assumptions and estimates that may affect the reported amounts 
of assets and liabilities and the reported income and expenses, further details of which are set out below. Although management believes 
that the assumptions and estimates used are reasonable, the actual results may differ from those estimates. Further details of the estimates 
are contained in the Directors' Report and in the Group accounting policies.

Investments in subsidiaries, associated undertakings and joint ventures
Investments in subsidiaries, associated undertakings and joint ventures are held at cost less accumulated impairment losses.

64  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

33.1. COMPANY CONTINUED

Fair value measurements of investment properties and investments 
An assessment of the fair value of certain assets and liabilities, in particular investment properties, is required to be performed. In such 
instances, fair value measurements are estimated based on the amounts for which the assets and liabilities could be exchanged between 
market participants. To the extent possible, the assumptions and inputs used take into account externally verifiable inputs. However, such 
information is by nature subject to uncertainty. The fair value measurement of the investment properties may be considered to be less 
judgemental where external valuers have been used as is the case with the Company. 

The following accounting policies are consistent with those of the Group and are disclosed on page 36 to 41 of the Group financial statements.

•  Revenue 

•  Property operating expenses

•  Employee benefits

•  Financial instruments 

•  Investment properties

•  Other assets and depreciation

•  Assets held for sale

•  Income taxes

•  Leases

33.2. RESULT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR
The Company's result for the year was a loss of £1,771,000 (2016: profit of £1,418,000). In accordance with the exemption conferred by 
Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the Company has not presented its own profit and loss account.

33.3. TANGIBLE ASSETS

Cost or valuation at 1 January 2017
Additions
(Decrease)/increase in present value of head leases
(Decrease)/increase on revaluation
Cost or valuation at 31 December 2017

Representing assets stated at:
Valuation
Cost

Depreciation at 1 January 2017
Charge for the year
Depreciation at 31 December 2017
Net book value at 1 January 2017
Net book value at 31 December 2017

INVESTMENT PROPERTIES

FREEHOLD
£'000
 8,885 
– 
– 
 410 
 9,295 

LEASEHOLD
OVER 50 YEARS
£'000
 16,744 
– 
(1,810)
(895)
14,039 

LEASEHOLD
UNDER 50 
YEARS
£'000
 1,642 
– 
305 
– 
 1,947 

OFFICE
EQUIPMENT
AND MOTOR 
VEHICLES
£'000
 347 
 17 
– 
– 
 364 

 9,295 
– 
 9,295 

– 
– 
– 
 8,885 
 9,295 

 14,039 
– 
14,039 

– 
– 
– 
 16,744 
 14,039 

 1,947
– 
 1,947 

– 
– 
– 
 1,642 
 1,947 

–
 364 
 364 

 235 
 13 
 248 
 112 
 116 

TOTAL
£'000
 27,618 
 17 
(1,505)
(485)
 25,645 

25,281 
 364 
 25,645 

 235 
 13 
 248 
 27,383 
25,397 

The freehold and leasehold properties, excluding the present value of head leases and directors' valuations, were valued as at 31 December 2017 by 
professional firms of chartered surveyors. The valuations were made at fair value. The directors' property valuations were made at fair value. 

Allsop LLP
Directors' valuation

Add: Present value of headleases

The historical cost of investment properties was as follows:

Cost at 1 January 2017
Cost at 31 December 2017

2017
£'000 
20,375
1,825
22,200
3,081
25,281

2016
£'000
20,860
1,825
22,685
4,586
27,271

FREEHOLD
£'000 
 4,889 
 4,889 

LEASEHOLD
OVER 50 YEARS 
£'000
 13,966 
 13,966 

LEASEHOLD
UNDER 50 
YEARS
£'000
 1,939 
 1,939 

Long leasehold properties are held on leases with an unexpired term of more than fifty years at the balance sheet date. 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

33.4. OTHER INVESTMENTS

COST OR VALUATION
At 1 January 2017
Impairment provision
At 31 December 2017

SHARES IN
SUBSIDIARY
COMPANIES
£'000
 42,328 
 106 
 42,434 

SHARES IN
JOINT
VENTURES
£'000
 164 
– 
 164 

TOTAL
£'000
 42,981 
 106 
 43,087 

£'000
 489 
– 
 489 

Subsidiary companies
Details of the Company's subsidiaries are set out in Note 15. Under IFRS 10, Bisichi Mining PLC and its subsidiaries and Dragon Retail 
Properties Limited are treated in the financial statements as subsidiaries of the Company.

Impairment reflects reduction in value of investment due to receipt of dividend of £15 million from a subsidiary.

In the opinion of the directors the value of the investment in subsidiaries is not less than the amount shown in these financial statements.

Details of the joint ventures are set out in Notes 12 and 13.

33.5. DEBTORS

Trade debtors
Amounts due from associate and joint ventures
Amounts due from subsidiary companies
Other debtors
Prepayments and accrued income

33.6. INVESTMENTS

Market value of the listed investment portfolio
Unrealised gain of market value over cost
Listed investment portfolio at cost

All investments are listed on the London Stock Exchange.

33.7. CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR

Amounts owed to subsidiary companies
Amounts owed to joint ventures
Other taxation and social security costs
Other creditors
Accruals and deferred income

33.8. CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE AFTER MORE THAN ONE YEAR

Present value of head leases on properties
Term Debenture stocks:
£3.75 million First Mortgage Debenture Stock 2018 at 11.6 per cent
£10 million First Mortgage Debenture Stock 2022 at 8.109 per cent*

*The £10 million debenture is shown after deduction of un–amortised issue costs.

Details of terms and security of overdrafts, loans and loan renewal and debentures are set out in Note 21.

REPAYMENT OF BORROWINGS:
Debentures:
Repayable within one year
Repayable between two and five years
Repayable in more than five years

66  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

2017
£'000 
 366 
 33 
 100 
 118 
 408 
 1,025 

2017
£'000 
 19 
 1 
 18 

2017
£'000 
 29,775 
 2,214 
 278 
 1,400 
 1,873 
 35,540 

2017
£'000 
3,081

– 
 9,922 
 9,922 
13,003

 2017
 £'000

3,000
9,922
–
12,922

2016
£'000
 343 
 35 
 150 
 173 
 429 
 1,130 

2016
£'000
 19 
 1 
 18 

2016
£'000
 28,750 
 2,190 
 388 
 1,323 
 2,139 
 34,790 

2016
£'000
 4,586 

 3,000 
 9,905 
 12,905 
 17,491 

 2016
 £'000

750
3,000
9,905
13,655

 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

33.9. DEFERRED TAX ASSET

Deferred Taxation
Balance at 1 January
Transfer to profit and loss account
Balance at 31 December

The deferred tax balance comprises the following:

Accelerated capital allowances
Short–term timing differences
Revaluation of investment properties
Loss relief
Deferred tax asset at year end

33.10. SHARE CAPITAL
Details of share capital, treasury shares and share options are set out in Note 26.

33.11. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

2017
£'000 

 2,082 
(23)
 2,059 

(833)
(124)
 66 
 2,950 
 2,059 

2016
£'000

 3,055 
(973)
 2,082 

(823)
(124)
 100 
 2,929 
 2,082 

Related party: 
Dragon Retail Properties Limited
  Current account 
Loan account 
Bisichi Mining PLC 
  Current account 
Simon Heller Charitable Trust
  Current account 
Loan account 

Directors and key management
  M A Heller and J A Heller
  H D Goldring (Delmore Holdings Limited)
  C A Parritt
  R Priest
Totals at 31 December 2017
Totals at 31 December 2016

COST RE-
CHARGED
TO (BY) RELAT-
ED
PARTY
£'000

AMOUNTS 
OWED
BY (TO) RELAT-
ED
PARTY
£'000

ADVANCED TO
(BY) RELATED
PARTY
£'000

(95)
– 

 138 

(63)
– 

 15 
(15)
(18)
(35)
(73)
(84)

(i)

(ii)

(i)
(iii)
(iii)
(iii)

(214)
(2,000)

 33 

– 
(700)

 1 
– 
(4)
– 
(2,884)
(2,916)

– 
– 

– 

– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
(34)

Nature of costs recharged – (i) Management fees (ii) Property management fees (iii) Consultancy fees 

During the period, the Company entered into transactions, in the ordinary course of business, with other related parties. The company has 
taken advantage of the exemption under paragraph 8(k) of FRS101 not to disclose transactions with wholly owned subsidiaries.

Dragon Retail Properties Limited – ‘Dragon' is owned equally by the Company and Bisichi Mining PLC. During 2013 Dragon lent the company 
£2 million at 6.875 per cent annual interest.

Bisichi Mining PLC – The company has 41.52 per cent ownership of ‘Bisichi'.

Other details of related party transactions are given in Note 28.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

33.12. EMPLOYEES

 THE AVERAGE WEEKLY NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES OF THE COMPANY DURING THE YEAR WERE AS FOLLOWS: 
 Directors & Administration 

STAFF COSTS DURING THE YEAR WERE AS FOLLOWS:
 Salaries 
 Social Security costs 
 Pension costs 

2017
24

2017 
£'000
 1,375 
163
 119 
1,657

2016
25

2016
£'000
 1,474 
 178 
 135 
1,787

33.13. CAPITAL COMMITMENTS
There were no capital commitments at 31 December 2017 (2016: £Nil).

33.14. OPERATING AND FINANCE LEASES
At 31 December 2017 the Company had commitments under non–cancellable operating leases on land and buildings as follows:

Expiring in more than five years

2017
£'000 
1,440

2016
£'000
1,680

In addition, the Company has an annual commitment to pay ground rents on its leasehold investment properties which amount to £201,000 
(2016: £246,000). 

Present value of head leases on properties

Within one year
Second to fifth year
After five years

Future finance charges on finance leases
Present value of finance lease liabilities

MINIMUM LEASE
 PAYMENTS

PRESENT VALUE
 OF MINIMUM
 LEASE PAYMENTS

 2017
£'000
 201 
 803 
 15,483 
 16,487 
(13,406)
 3,081 

2016
£'000
 294 
 1,177 
 28,298 
 29,769 
(25,183)
 4,586 

 2017
£'000
 201 
 746 
 2,134 
 3,081 
–  
 3,081 

2016
£'000
 294 
 1,094 
 3,198 
 4,586 
– 
 4,586 

Finance lease liabilities are in respect of leased investment property. A few leases provide for contingent rent in addition to the rents above, 
usually a proportion of rental income.

Finance lease liabilities are effectively secured as the rights to the leased asset revert to the lessor in the event of default.

Future aggregate minimum rentals receivable
The Company leases out its investment properties to tenants under operating leases. The future aggregate minimum rentals receivable under 
non–cancellable operating leases are as follows:

Within one year
Second to fifth year
After five years

33.15. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND POST BALANCE SHEET EVENTS
There were no contingent liabilities at 31 December 2017 (2016: £Nil). 

2017
£'000 
1,758
4,178
1,934
7,870

2016
£'000
1,661
4,446
2,393
8,500

68  London & Associated Properties PLC 2017

 
 
Five year financial summary

Portfolio size
Investment properties–LAP^
Investment properties–joint ventures
Investment properties–Dragon Retail Properties
Investment properties–Bisichi Mining^

Portfolio activity
Acquisitions
Disposals
Capital Expenditure

Consolidated income statement
Group income
Profit/(loss) before tax
Taxation
Profit/(loss) attributable to shareholders
Earnings/(loss) per share – basic and diluted
Dividend per share

Consolidated balance sheet
Shareholders' funds attributable to equity shareholders
Net borrowings
Net assets per share – basic

 – fully diluted

Consolidated cash flow statement
Cash generated from operations
Capital investment and financial investment

Notes: 

^ Excluding the present value of head leases

2017
£M

62
–
3
13
78

£M

–
–
–
–

£M

44.98
11.28
(2.98)
7.69
9.01p
0.300p

£M

45.86
58.42
53.74p
53.74p

£M
10.29
(1.80)

2016
£M

89
–
3
13
105

£M

–
–
0.16
0.16

£M

29.70
(0.97)
(1.18)
(2.36)
(2.77)p
0.165p

£M

38.24
62.22
44.83p
44.83p

£M
5.59
(0.18)

2015
£M

89
19
3
13
124

£M

1.00
(0.40)
0.36
0.96

£M

32.67
(2.09)
0.04
(1.90)
(2.24)p
0.160p

£M

40.08
62.39
47.26p
47.26p

£M
4.37
(2.77)

2014
£M

89
20
3
12
124

£M

0.68
–
–
0.68

£M

33.53
(2.69)
(3.70)
(7.14)
(8.45)p
0.156p

£M

42.55
59.71
50.35p
50.35p

£M
2.96
100.42

2013
£M

87
16
3
12
118

£M

–
(9.47)
–
(9.47)

£M

43.29
1.14
2.55
3.47
4.12p
0.125p

£M

49.73
53.96
59.00p
59.00p

£M
12.23
4.35

London & Associated Properties PLC 2017  69

 
 
 
www.lap.co.uk

LONDON & ASSOCIATED PROPERTIES PLC
24 BRUTON PLACE 
LONDON W1J 6NE

EMAIL: ADMIN@LAP.CO.UK