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London & Associated Properties PLC

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FY2023 Annual Report · London & Associated Properties PLC
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LONDON & 
ASSOCIATED  
PROPERTIES 

ANNUAL REPORT 2023

        
Contents

OVERVIEW
1 

LAP at a glance

2  Chairman and Chief Executive’s review 2023

STRATEGIC REPORT
4 

Financial and performance review

9 

Principal activities, strategy & business model

9  Risks and uncertainties

10  Bisichi risks and uncertainties

11  Key performance indicators

12  Corporate responsibility

GOVERNANCE
20  Directors & advisors

21  Directors’ report

24  Corporate Governance

26  Governance statement by the Chairman of the remuneration committee

27  Annual remuneration report

32  Remuneration policy summary

34  Audit committee report

36  Directors’ responsibilities statement

37 

Independent auditor’s report

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
44  Consolidated income statement

44  Consolidated statement of comprehensive income

45  Consolidated balance sheet

46  Consolidated statement of changes in shareholders’ equity

47  Consolidated cash flow statement

48  Group accounting policies

55  Notes to the financial statements

84  Five year financial summary

Financial calendar

Annual General Meeting  
26 June 2024

Announcement of half year results to 30 June 2024 
Late August 2024

Announcement of annual results for 2024 
Late April 2025

OVERVIEW

OVERVIEW
LAP at a glance

London & Associated Properties PLC (“LAP” or the "Group") is a main market 
listed group which invests in and manages UK industrial and retail property. 
LAP owns £46.1 million of property and seeks to create environments where 
tenants can thrive.

The Group also holds a substantial investment in Bisichi PLC, which operates 
coal mines in South Africa and owns UK property. In accordance with IFRS 10 
the results of Bisichi have been consolidated in the Group accounts.

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

Fully diluted net  
assets per equity share

33.38p

2022: 38.14p

KEY PROJECTS

IFRS net assets

£48.3m

2022: £53.7m

Properties portfolio  
valuation*

£46.1m

2022: £60.0m
* Includes investment properties, head leases,  
assets held for sale and property inventory. 
Excludes properties under management.

KEY PROJECTS

HIGHLIGHT

Property

• Runcorn Manor Park Industrial Estate
• Adlington Court Industrial Estate 
• West Ealing development 

• Runcorn industrial portfolio strong rental growth

• Warrington industrial portfolio strong rental growth

•  Residential development – construction to start 

Q3 2024

• Orchard Square, Sheffield

• Interest in shopping centre relinquished during year

Coal 
production

•  In South Africa, Black Wattle produced 0.81m 
metric tonnes of Run of Mine Coal in 2023 
(2022: 0.82m metric tonnes)

•  The API4 price averaged $120 in 2023 

compared to $273 in 2022 

•  Rail infrastructure constraints impacted export 
sales. Due to the lack of rail capacity 134,000 
metric tonnes of coal were exported compared 
to 262,000 metric tonnes in 2022

•  These factors had a material negative impact on 

the results for the year

•  Measures by local rail operator in place to 
improve rail capacity for 2024 and beyond

•  Total domestic and export sales of coal were 

1.03 million metric tonnes in the year compared 
to 1.29 million metric tonnes in 2022

•  Climate related risks being addressed for 

coal processing operations

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 1

STRATEGIC 
REPORT STRATEGIC REPORT

Chairman and Chief Executive’s 
review 2023

I am pleased to present our accounts for the 
12 months to 31 December 2023

CONSOLIDATED RESULTS
Our consolidated property portfolio, excluding Orchard Square, 
Sheffield (see below) was valued at £46.08 million at 31 December 
2023 compared to £45.27 million on a like-for-like basis a year 
earlier. This increase in valuation reflects £0.78 million in capital 
expenditure as well as a modest valuation increase (including head 
leases) of £0.03 million.

Rental income for the Group (excluding sold properties and bad 
debt charges) increased by £0.05 million (1.9%) to £2.61 million 
(2022: £2.56 million). This result reflects the resilience of our assets; 
even in the current high interest rate environment we have achieved 
increased rents on many new lettings.

Rental income resilience can also be seen in our occupancy levels, 
which were 97.3% at year end (2022: 96.4%). Rent collection levels 
have similarly remained strong, with an improved 92% of Q1 2023 
rents received to date compared to 90% at the corresponding time 
last year.

We continue to monitor our cost base following the outsourcing of 
our property management functions and our relocation to smaller 
offices. LAP’s overheads were £0.4 million (15%) lower than in 
2022.

LAP PROPERTY ACTIVITIES

Industrial
Industrial constitutes 27% of our investment property portfolio by 
value. 

At Manor Park, Runcorn, our 100,000 sq ft industrial estate, 
demand for units remains strong and we have continued to drive 
rental growth. Since the year end, we accepted a surrender of a 
15,000 sq ft unit that had recently had a rent review and have relet 
the unit at a rent some 32% higher. This sets a useful rental tone for 
the rest of our units and we continue to seek opportunities to 
maximise rental income there.

Similarly, at Warrington our 25,000 sq ft industrial estate, we have 
carried out two rent reviews since the year end that have confirmed 
the demand for units in this location. We achieved rental uplifts of 
55% and 49% over passing rent. We remain optimistic about 
demand at both these locations.

Essential Community Retail
Essential community retail constitutes 73% of our investment 
property portfolio by value.

The remainder of our portfolio has performed well and remains 
close to fully let.  We continue to monitor each property’s 
performance closely and will look to dispose of any properties that 
we consider to be ex-growth or where we identify a special buyer.

West Ealing
As previously reported, we obtained a resolution to grant planning 
consent for 56 flats and four retail units at the end of 2020. During 
2023, we have been finalising detailed designs for the project and 
working with contractors and designers to improve building 
efficiency and maximise potential returns. Currently we are in 
detailed negotiations to finance construction of this development 
and intend to commence work in Q3 2024, targeting apartments 
available for sale in Q1 2026.

Purley
We have also worked with the same joint venture partner to acquire 
options on six semi-detached houses with large gardens in Purley, 
London. A planning application submitted in 2022 for 44 flats and 4 
town houses was rejected in January 2023 despite being 
recommended for approval by the planning officer. Our appeal, 
although we won on design and construction matters, was 
ultimately unsuccessful and we are currently considering whether to 
submit a new application.

DEBT MANAGEMENT
In September 2023 the £12.7 million loan with QSix on Orchard 
Square (in Sheffield) expired. The borrower on this loan is Orchard 
Square Limited, our 100% owned subsidiary, and the loan is secured 
solely against the asset itself with no recourse to the LAP Group. In 
May 2023, we instructed agents to sell Orchard Square in order to 
repay the loan. The decision to sell was taken as the lending market 
for shopping centres was too weak to support a debt refinancing. 
Several offers were received for the centre and heads of terms 
reached with one buyer, who was then unable to complete. Since 
the loan expired, we have been working collaboratively with QSix in 
an arrangement whereby LAP continues to manage the centre on 
their behalf, pending another approach to the investment market as 
and when sentiment improves; QSix controls the timing of the sale 
and approves asset management initiatives. Consequently, we have 
written off our investment in Orchard Square and have recognised 
in the accounts the maximum loss we can incur (£1.93 million). 
Orchard Square Limited is no longer consolidated within the LAP 
Group and the loan is not shown in our year end balance sheet. This 
is discussed further in note 6 to the accounts.

Our £13.6 million 5-year term loan with QIB (UK) PLC is fully 
compliant and secured against a portfolio of retail and industrial 
properties. The interest rate on the loan with QIB is at the Bank of 
England base rate + 3.95% and there is no amortisation.

DRAGON RETAIL PROPERTIES
Since 2001, Dragon has owned a property in Clifton, Bristol let 
partly to Boots the Chemist and partly to Lizard Lounge, one of 
Bristol’s best-known nightclubs. Dragon’s loan of £0.95 million from 
Santander originally expired in September 2020, but has been 
extended to July 2024 and paid down to £0.8 million subsequent to 
the year end. Santander has indicated that it is willing to provide a 
new term loan, has recently completed a valuation, and we expect 
to complete this in the near future.

2  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

STRATEGIC REPORT Chairman and Chief Executive’s review 2023

Bisichi continues to work closely with Vunani Mining, its Black 
Economic Empowerment (BEE) partner in Black Wattle and Sisonke 
Coal processing, to be responsible stewards of its legacy coal 
operations, taking into account the climate related risks outlined in 
our climate report and the impact these risks may have on all our 
stakeholders.

We are pleased to include in our annual report our climate change 
report on page 12. Bisichi’s operations contribute over 97% of our 
CO2 emissions and are the operations on which we have focused in 
this report. Bisichi recognises that climate change represents one of 
the most significant challenges facing the world today and supports 
the goals of the Paris Agreement and the UN Framework 
Convention on Climate Change. 

While we remain confident in Bisichi’s ability to achieve significant 
value from its South African operations, the Company is committed 
to diversifying its future business activities into areas other than 
coal. Bisichi is continually looking at alternative independent mining 
and renewable energy related opportunities, as well as new 
opportunities to add to the existing UK property investment 
portfolios. 

In the UK, Bisichi saw its rental revenue from its retail property 
portfolio improve during 2023. Overall, Bisichi billed revenue from 
its directly owned property portfolio of £1.3 million (2022: £1.1 
million) during the year. In light of the challenging year, the directors 
of Bisichi recommended a final dividend of 4p (2022: 12p, including 
special dividend) per share, of which LAP would receive £0.2 million. 
This would take the total dividends per share for the year to 7p 
(2022: 22p) if approved by its shareholders.

Finally, we would like to thank employees, advisers and stakeholders 
for their ongoing efforts and support.

John Heller,  
Chairman and Chief Executive

29 April 2024

BISICHI PLC
For 2023, Bisichi plc, our 41.6% owned subsidiary, made a profit 
before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) of £3.4 
million (2022: £40 million) and an operating profit before 
depreciation, fair value adjustments and exchange movements 
(Adjusted EBITDA) of £2.6 million (2022: £39.4 million). 

During 2022, Bisichi benefited from significantly higher prices of 
Free on Board (FOB) coal from Richards Bay Coal Terminal (API4 
price). However, during 2023, the weekly API4 price averaged only 
US$120 compared to US$273 in 2022. In addition to the weaker 
international coal price, constraints on transporting coal for export 
on the South African rail network, which were largely beyond 
Bisichi’s control, significantly impacted export sales during the 
period. Due to the lack of available rail capacity, Bisichi only 
exported 134,000 metric tonnes in 2023, roughly half the 262,000 
metric tonnes sold in 2022 and an even lower percentage of the 
320,000 metric tonnes exported in 2021. 

Limited rail capacity in turn had a further impact on earnings during 
the period, as coal allocated for export was eventually sold into the 
domestic market at prices that were significantly lower than the 
export price achievable by rail through Richards Bay. Transnet, the 
South African state rail operator, and the wider South African coal 
industry are working hard and collectively to implement measures to 
increase rail capacity. Bisichi is pleased to report that in 2024, to 
date, there has been an improved performance in railed coal export 
volumes compared to the same period in 2023. 

Bisichi remains optimistic that the measures, once fully 
implemented, will have a significantly positive impact on both the 
export and domestic prices achievable for its coal.

At Black Wattle, Bisichi’s South African coal mining operation, 
difficult mining conditions impacted profitability during the period. 
During the year, Bisichi achieved production of 354,000 metric 
tonnes (2022: 301,000 metric tonnes) in the first half of the year 
and 453,000 metric tonnes (2022: 523,000) in the second half of 
the year. For the majority of 2023, geological issues reduced 
production from the opencast mining area as well as increasing 
related mining and blasting costs. In order to mitigate these issues, 
the mine opened a lower cost second mining area in the third 
quarter of 2023. Since the commencement of this new mining area, 
Bisichi has seen a significant improvement in mining production and 
lower operating costs and expects the improved performance at 
Black Wattle to continue throughout 2024.

The lower coal production levels at Black Wattle in 2023 had a 
knock-on effect on overall levels of coal processed at Sisonke Coal 
Processing. Bisichi sold 1.031 million metric tonnes during the year 
compared to 1.287 million metric tonnes in 2022. The decrease in 
Bisichi’s mining revenue during the period to £49.3 million (2022: 
£95.1 million) can mainly be attributed to the lower prices 
achievable for coal and the lower overall quantity of coal sold, 
particularly into the export market. Looking forward into 2024, 
Bisichi is expected to continue to see the benefits, both in terms of 
mining cost and production, from the new mining area at Black 
Wattle. 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 3

 
STRATEGIC 
REPORT

Financial and performance review

The financial statements for 2023 have been 
prepared to reflect the requirements of IFRS 10. This 
means that the accounts of Bisichi PLC (a London 
Stock Exchange main market quoted company – BISI) 
(“Bisichi”), have been consolidated with those of LAP.

Bisichi continues to operate as a fully independent company and 
currently LAP owns only 41.6% of the issued ordinary share capital. 
However, because related parties also have shareholdings in Bisichi 
and there is a wide disposition of other shareholdings, LAP is 
deemed under IFRS 10, to have effective control of Bisichi for 
accounting purposes. This treatment means that the income and net 
assets of Bisichi are disclosed in full and the value attributable to the 
“non-controlling interest” (58.4%) is shown separately in the equity 
section as a non-controlling interest. There is no impact on the net 
assets attributable to LAP shareholders.

Dragon Retail Properties Limited (“Dragon”) and West Ealing 
Projects Limited (“West Ealing”), are both 50:50 joint ventures with 
Bisichi and are also consolidated. Another joint venture, 
Development Physics Limited (“DPL”) is owned 33% each by LAP, 
Bisichi and a third party. This too is consolidated.

Shareholders are aware that LAP is a property business with a 
significant investment in a listed mining company.

The effect of consolidating the results, assets and liabilities of the 
property business and the mining company makes the figures 
complex and less transparent. Property company accounts are already 
subject to significant volatility as valuations of property assets as well 
as derivative liabilities can be subject to major movements based on 
market sentiment. Most of these changes, though, have little or no 
effect on the cash position and it is, of course, self-evident that cash 
flow is the most important factor influencing the success of a 
property business. We explain the factors affecting the property 
business first, clearly separating these from factors affecting the 
mining business which we do not manage. Comments about Bisichi 
(the mining business) are based on information provided by the 
independent management of that company.

This report comments on the performance of each of the Group’s 
segments separately.

LONDON & ASSOCIATED PROPERTIES PLC
We own industrial and community retail property and invest in and 
seek to develop housing for local communities. Our key objective is 
to ensure that we offer safe and secure environments in which 
people can live, work and visit.

LAP’s core objectives in 2023 have continued to be:

•  Provide environments in which tenants can thrive.

•  Continually improve the business’ operating cashflow.

•   Reduce exposure to the fashion led or shopping centre 

retail sector.

•  Ensure gearing is at an appropriate level.

•   Maintain sufficient cash in the business to be able to take 

advantage of opportunities as they arise.

4  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

Rental Income and Occupancy
As at 19 April 2024 Q1 2024 collections were 92% (2023: 90%).

We continue to engage with occupiers to ensure our properties 
contain a diversified mix of tenants to match customers’ evolving 
requirements. This is particularly applicable to our essential retail 
assets, that serve local communities.

Like for like net rental income was up by £49,000 (1.9%), which 
particularly reflects rent increases being achieved at lease events 
within our industrial portfolio.

Like for like gross rental income excluding sales was up £50,000 as 
shown below. There was £196,000 of net increases in rents from lease 
reviews, renewals and new lettings and a net decrease of £146,000 
from rent lost due to expiries and subsequent vacant periods.

Gross Rental Income (£'000)

50
{
196

5,337

(845)

(146)

4,542

2022

Sales

Leasing

Expiries

2023

Void levels decreased to 2.7% (2023: 3.6%). Void levels remain low 
across the portfolio.

Property Investment Activities
There were no property disposals or acquisitions during 2023, apart 
from the relinquishing of our interest in Orchard Square Limited as 
described below and in note 19.

LAP continues to look for investment opportunities, particularly 
within the industrial sector.

LAP also continues to develop and refurbish all its properties as 
appropriate to provide environments in which tenants can thrive.

Our joint venture residential developments are discussed later in 
this review.

Funding & Refinancing Activities
No loans were repaid, or new loans or other forms of finance taken 
out in 2023.

Our 5-year, £13.6m term loan with QIB taken out in 2022 was 
covenant compliant throughout the year.

During the year our term loan with Phoenix CRE S.à.r.l of £12.7 million 
became due. This loan is secured on a single property, Orchard Square, 
Sheffield, which is fully owned by Orchard Square Limited, a subsidiary 
of LAP. The loan is non-recourse to the rest of the LAP Group. The 
property was marketed for sale in 2023 with an agreement for sale 
being reached with a buyer who was then unable to complete. LAP is 
working collaboratively with and under the direction of the lender to 
manage the property, completing key asset management activities 
prior to remarketing the property for sale when sentiment improves.

STRATEGIC REPORT Financial and performance review
STRATEGIC REPORT

As LAP has declined the opportunity to repay the loan and cure the 
breach arising as a result, LAP has effectively lost control of the 
asset. LAP no longer has exposure, or rights, to variable returns from 
its involvement with Orchard Square Limited. In accordance with 
IFRS10, the investment in Orchard Square Limited has been treated 
as having been relinquished during the year and neither the loan nor 
the asset is shown in the accounts at 31 December 2023. 

INCOME STATEMENT

Further details can be found in note 19 to the accounts.

The loan relating to our development joint venture is discussed later 
in this review.

BUSINESS ANALYSIS
Rental income
Service charge income
Management income from third party properties
LAP Revenue
Direct property costs
Impairment of inventory
Overheads
Depreciation
Operating (loss)/profit
Finance income
Finance expenses
Result before valuation movements 
Other segment items
Net decrease on revaluation of investment properties
Loss on disposal of subsidiary
(Loss)/profit on disposal of investment properties
Profit/(loss) on disposal of fixed assets
Adjustment to interest rate derivative
Revaluation and other movements
LAP loss for the year before taxation

2023
£’000 
3,323
451
18
3,792
(1,553)
-
(2,254)
(266)
(281)
110
(2,094)
(2,265)

(150)
(1,930)
-
4
-
(2,076)
(4,341)

2022
£’000 
4,175 
788 
18 
4,981 
(1,994)
(3,098)
(2,665)
(265)
(3,041)
24 
(2,120)
(5,137)

(5)
-
(83)
36
70 
18
(5,119)

Note: The figures exclude inter-company transactions.

The above figures for LAP and commentary below exclude the cash 
items of management fee income from Bisichi and Dragon of 
£236,000 (2022: £236,000) and dividend income from Bisichi of 
£666,000 (2022: £711,000).

The non-cash item, loss on disposal relates to our decision not to 
cure the breach of Orchard Square Limited’s loan covenants and the 
subsequent loss of control as prescribed by IFRS10.

We have again managed to reduce our overheads this year, even 
after adjusting for one off £0.2 million loan refinance charges in 
2022, despite significant cost inflation.

LAP generated an adjusted EBITDA of £0.9 million (2022: £1.3 
million).

EBITDA
Operating (loss)/profit
Excluding non-cash items:
  Depreciation & amortisation
Impairment of Inventory

EBITDA 
Income from subsidiaries:
  Management fees
  Dividend income
Adjusted EBITDA

2023
£’000 
(281)

266
-
(15)

236
666
887

2022
£’000 
(3,042)

265
3,098
321

236
711
1,268

LAP generates the majority of its income from property rentals, 
property management fees and development activities.

Whilst there are increased interest costs on our unhedged loans 
during the year directly arising from increases in the Bank of England 
base rate, due to the removal of Orchard Square Limited in July 2023, 
total interest costs year on year are slightly lower. Excluding Orchard 
Square Limited, interest costs are £1.34 million (2022: £1.14 million)

vacancy rates and are not as affected as other asset classes by recent 
increases in interest rates. This further strengthens our view that the 
market is differentiating between local essential retail investments 
and shopping centre or fashion focused retail investments.

Whilst our industrial assets are lower yielding and have seen their yields 
more affected by rises in interest rates, this has been offset by several 
pleasing rent increases following lease events at these properties.

Investment property valuation reductions of £0.15 million (2022: 
£nil) arose from a decrease in retail property values of £0.08 million 
(2022: £0.1 million) and a decrease in industrial property values of 
£0.07 million (2022: increase £0.1 million). Our retail assets entirely 
consisting of essential retail, are relatively high yielding, have low 

Producing a profit through ongoing asset management activities to 
generate further rental income, investing cash currently on deposit at 
the appropriate time into new property investments combined with 
generating returns from our existing investments, including Bisichi, 
remains the key focus of the business for the future.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 5

 
STRATEGIC REPORT Financial and performance review

BALANCE SHEET

SEGMENT ASSETS
Non-current assets – property
Non-current assets – property, plant & equipment
Trading assets
Assets held for sale
Cash & cash equivalents
Current assets – others
Total assets excluding investment in joint ventures
Segment liabilities
Borrowings
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Total liabilities
Net assets

2023
£’000
23,801
268
8,889 
545
3,799 
1,237
38,539 

(17,650)
(3,238)
(1,272)
(22,160)
16,379 

2022
£’000
28,386
543
22,862 
-
4,685 
1,328
53,915 

(30,306)
(4,253)
(1,375)
(35,934)
17,981 

Note: The figures exclude inter-company transactions between LAP, Bisichi and Dragon.

Total assets, consisting mainly of trading and investment properties, 
have reduced from £53.9 million to £38.6million, with the disposal 
of the Sheffield trading property held at £14.75 million.

Total liabilities, consisting mainly of bank loans, have reduced from 
£35.9 million to £22.0 million following the removal of the Sheffield 
trading property and its associated bank loan of £12.6 million. 

Property, plant and equipment reduced by £0.3 million in the year 
due to depreciating right of use asset that represents the lease of 
our head office. The lease comes to an end in November 2024 at 
which point the asset will be fully depreciated. The present value of 
future rentals of £0.2 million is included within liabilities.

LAP’s main borrowings consist of a £13.6 million term loan facility 
expiring in August 2027 and a rolling development loan relating to 
West Ealing of £4.4 million that expires in April 2024. As in previous 
years, all loans are secured on core property and are covenant 
compliant at the year end.

GEARING
Total borrowings
Less cash and cash equivalents
Net borrowings
Total Equity

2023
£’000
17,650
(3,799)
13,851
16,545
83.7%

2022
£’000
30,306
(4,685)
25,621
17,981
142.5%

The business has not set a target gearing level but monitors its debt and asset values constantly to maintain an appropriate level, 
considering market sentiment, the availability and cost of debt and cash flow forecasts.

CASH FLOW

CASH FLOW FROM OPERATIONS
Cash inflows/(outflows) from operating activities
Cash inflows from investing activities
Cash outflows from financing activities
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January
Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December

2023
£’000
1,121
641
(2,648)
(886)

4,685
3,799

2022
£’000
(723)
3,458
(3,523)
(788)

5,473
4,685

Note: The figures within the LAP cashflow include inter-company transactions such as management fee income of £236,000 (2022: £236,000) and dividends 

from Bisichi of £977,000 (2022: £711,000).

Cash outflows from operating activities include expenditure on 
development properties of £0.8 million (2022: £0.7 million). 
Excluding this expenditure, adjusted cash inflows from operating 
expenditure were £1.9 million (2022: £Nil).

Investing activities include net cash from property acquisitions and 
sales of £nil (2022: income of £2.6 million), along with dividend 
income from Bisichi of £0.7 million (2022: £0.7 million).

Financing activities in 2023 include net loan repayments of £0.3 
million (2022: 1.2 million) and interest payments on the servicing of 
debt of £2.3 million (2022: £2.3 million). Bank of England interest 
rate increases during the year resulted in a £0.5 million increase in 
interest payable compared to 2022, whilst the exclusion of Orchard 
Square and its loan from the consolidated results in July 2023 
reduced interest payable by £0.5 million. Interest rate risk is 
discussed further in note 22.

6  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

WEST EALING PROJECTS LIMITED
West Ealing is a 50:50 joint venture between LAP and Bisichi 
created with the purpose of delivering a primarily residential 
development in West Ealing, London. The joint venture owns 90% 
of the property which is under development and on which £8.9 
million has been spent to date (2022: £8.1 million), West Ealing is 
disclosed within LAP in the segmental analysis in note 1 to the 
financial statements. There is a linked development loan of £4.4 
million (2022: £4.4 million), described further in note 19. Planning 
permission is held for the creation of 56 new residential apartments 
and ground floor shops on the site. Construction start is planned for 
Q3 2024.

STRATEGIC REPORT Financial and performance review

DEVELOPMENT PHYSICS LIMITED
Development Physics is a joint venture between LAP, Bisichi and 
Metroprop Real Estate, owned equally by the three parties, set up, 
with the purpose of delivering a residential development of 44 flats 
and 4 town houses in Purley, London. Development Physics 
acquired a series of options on the site and is progressing through 
the planning process for its development. £0.5 million (2022: £0.3 
million) has been spent to date on the development.

BISICHI PLC
Although the results of Bisichi PLC have been consolidated in these 
financial statements, LAP has no direct influence over the 
management of Bisichi. The comments below are based on the 
published accounts of Bisichi.

The Bisichi group results are stated in full in its published 2023 
financial statements which are available on its website  
www.bisichi.co.uk.

Bisichi has two core revenue streams – investment in retail property 
in the UK and coal mining in South Africa.

2023 was a difficult year for Bisichi’s South African coal mining and 
processing operations. Lower export coal prices and sales volumes of 
export coal significantly impacted their profitability. With more stability 
in the coal market going into 2024, Bisichi management will be focusing 
on improving production levels and keeping operating costs low.

The Bisichi group’s profit before tax was £0.8 million (2022: £38.3 
million). In South Africa, Black Wattle produced 0.80m metric tonnes 
of Run of Mine Coal in 2023 (2022: 0.82m metric tonnes). 
Geological issues in areas mined at Black Wattle, Bisichi’s South 
African mining operation, had a significant impact on production, 
particularly in the first half of 2023. During the second half of the 
year exports continued to be limited by constraints in transporting 
coal for export on the South African rail network. During the year 
1.03 million metric tonnes of coal were sold compared to 1.29 
million metric tonnes in 2022. Of this, 0.13 million metric tonnes 
were export sales (2022: 0.26 metric tonnes) and 0.90 million 
metric tonnes were domestic sales (2022: 1.03 million metric 
tonnes) The API4 price averaged $120 in 2023 compared to $273 
in 2022. The stabilisation of global energy markets in 2023, 
compared to 2022, had a significant impact on prices achievable for 
coal over the year.

UK retail property investments were valued at the year end at 
£10.610 million (2022: £10.465 million). The property portfolio is 
actively managed by LAP and generated rental income of £1.26 
million in the year (2022: £1.11 million).

During the year Bisichi’s total non-current and current listed equity 
related investments held at fair value through profit and loss 
increased to £15.0 million (2022: £13.5 million). The Group 
achieved dividend income from investments during the period of 
£0.56 million (2022: £0.59 million) and a gain in value from 
investments of £0.8 million (2022: £1.0 million). The Group’s listed 
equity related investment portfolios comprise primarily listed 
equities and listed equity related funds involved or invested in 
extractive and energy related business activities, including entities 
involved in the extraction of commodities needed for the clean 
energy transition.

Bisichi has a structured trade finance facility with Absa Bank Limited 
for R85 million held by Sisonke Coal Processing (Pty) Limited, a 
100% subsidiary of Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Limited. This facility 
comprises an R85 million revolving facility to cover the working 
capital requirements of Bisichi’s South African operations. The 
facility is renewable annually and is secured against inventory, 
debtors and cash that are held in Bisichi’s South African operations.

Bisichi holds a 5-year term facility of £3.9 million with Julian Hodge 
Bank Limited at an initial LTV of 40%, with the loan being secured 
against the company’s UK retail property portfolio. The amount 
repayable on the loan at year end was £3.9 million (2022: £3.8 
million). The debt package has a five-year term and is repayable at 

the end of the term in December 2024. The interest cost of the loan 
is 4.00% above Bank of England base rate. The loan is secured by 
way of a first charge over the investment properties in the UK which 
are included in the financial statements at a value of £10.6 million. 
No banking covenants were breached by Bisichi during the year. 

Bisichi’s cash and cash equivalents decreased during the year by 
£7.8million (2022: increase of £6.9million). The net balance of cash 
and cash equivalents (including bank overdrafts) at year end was a 
cash negative amount of £0.3 million (2022: positive net cash of 
£7.4 million).

Bisichi has considerable financial resources available at short notice 
including cash and cash equivalents (excluding bank overdrafts) of 
£3.2 million (2022: £10.6 million) and listed investments of £15.0 
million (2022: £13.5 million) as at year end. The above financial 
resources total £18.2 million (2022: £24.1 million).

Bisichi’s net assets at 31st December 2023 were £33.6 million 
(2022: £35.6 million).

Bisichi recognises the need, and is committed to, diversifying its 
future business activities. Bisichi is continually looking at alternative 
mining, commodity and renewable energy related opportunities, as 
well as new opportunities to add to their existing UK property 
investment portfolios. In the interim, Bisichi continue to work 
closely with Vunani Mining, their BEE partner in Black Wattle and 
Sisonke Coal processing, in being responsible stewards of their 
legacy coal operations taking into account the climate-related risks 
outlined in Bisichi’s climate report in their 2023 report and accounts 
and the impact these risks may have on all stakeholders.

DRAGON RETAIL PROPERTIES LIMITED
Dragon is a UK property investment company, owned 50:50 by LAP 
and Bisichi. The company has a Santander bank loan of £0.95 
million secured against its investment property, which is covenant 
compliant, see note 19. 

The loan originally expired in October 2020 but has been extended 
to July 2024 and we are negotiating a new longer term loan with 
the existing lender.

Dragon incurred management fees of £72,000 (2022: £72,000) 
split equally between the two joint venture partners. Dragon has 
net assets of £1.2 million (2022: £1.2 million). Dragon continues to 
trade at near break-even, excluding property revaluations.

ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND GOING 
CONCERN
The most significant judgements made in preparing these accounts 
relate to the carrying value of the properties and investments. The 
Group uses external property valuers to determine the fair value of 
most of its properties. 

Under IFRS10 the Group has included Bisichi PLC in the consolidated 
accounts, as it is deemed to be under the effective control of LAP and 
has therefore been treated as a subsidiary. The directors of Bisichi 
consider their judgements and estimates surrounding the life of the 
mine and its reserves to have significant effect on the amounts 
recognised in the financial statements and to be an area where the 
financial statements are subject to significant estimation uncertainty. 
The life of mine remaining is currently estimated at 7 years.

The Directors exercise their commercial judgement when reviewing 
the Group’s cash flow forecasts and the underlying assumptions on 
which the forecasts are based. The Group’s business activities, 
together with the factors likely to affect its future development, are 
set out in the Chairman’s Statement and Chief Executive’s Review 
and in this Report. Further disclosure of specific factors affecting 
going concern are discussed in more detail in the going concern 
section of the group accounting policies section of the financial 
statements. In addition, the Directors consider that Note 22 to the 
financial statements sets out the Group’s objectives, policies and 
processes for managing its capital; its financial risk management 
objectives; details of its financial instruments and hedging activities; 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 7

STRATEGIC REPORT Financial and performance review

Overall position
With a quality property portfolio comprising tenants with a mix of 
short and long leases supported by suitable financial arrangements, 
the Directors believe that the group property operations (including 
Bisichi and Dragon) are well placed to address the current business 
risks successfully. The mining operations too, as a key industry in 
South Africa, have a positive future. It is also relevant that LAP 
would be able to continue as a viable business if Bisichi were to face 
unexpected problems as there are no cross guarantees and LAP is 
not dependent on the income from Bisichi. 

Having made enquiries and having considered the principal risks 
facing the Group, including liquidity and solvency risks, and material 
uncertainties, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the 
Group and the Company have adequate resources to continue in 
operational existence for the foreseeable future. Thus, they 
continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in 
preparing the annual financial statements.

TAXATION
The LAP Group tax strategy is to account for tax on an accurate and 
timely basis. We only structure our affairs based on sound 
commercial principles and wish to maintain a low tax risk position. 
We do not engage in aggressive tax planning.

The LAP Group (excluding Bisichi and Dragon) has unused tax losses 
and deductions with a potential value of £12.3 million (2022: £11.6 
million). As LAP returns to profit, these tax losses and deductions 
should be utilised.

DIVIDENDS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
Due to the current economic uncertainties, the LAP Board has 
agreed that it will not be recommending a dividend for the financial 
year ending 31 December 2023 (2022: £nil).

Looking forwards to medium term trading, we intend to pursue our 
previously stated strategies. These include investing in both our 
essential community retail properties which have inbuilt defensive 
qualities and industrial property where we have enjoyed success.

We will recycle properties where we feel asset management 
opportunities are limited and are prepared to enter into negotiations 
with parties that have approached us to explore disposals or joint 
ventures to redevelop certain assets within our portfolio. A number 
of these negotiations are ongoing although we are not yet able to 
say if any will come to fruition.

Our development in Ealing has received planning consent and 
construction work is due to commence shortly, with completed 
apartments being available to purchase in Q1 2026.

We will continue to consider further joint venture opportunities to 
undertake residential development.

Bisichi
In the first quarter of the 2024, Bisichi have seen improved 
production from Black Wattle, their coal mining operation. Coal 
prices have stabilised and the availability of rail for export has 
improved for the year to date in comparison to 2023. In light of this, 
Bisichi management will be focusing on sustaining production levels, 
maintaining a diversified sales market and keeping operating costs 
low.

Bisichi continues to seek and evaluate opportunities to transition 
into alternative mining, commodity and renewable energy related 
opportunities through new commercial arrangements.

and its exposure to credit risk, liquidity risk and other risks.

STATEMENT REGARDING SECTION 172 OF THE 
UK COMPANIES ACT 
Section 172 of the UK Companies Act requires the Board to report 
on how the directors have had regard to the matters outlined below 
in performing their duties. During the year, the Directors consider 
that they have acted in a way, and have made decisions that would 
most likely promote the success of the Group for the benefit of its 
members as a whole as outlined in the matters below: 

•   The likely consequences of any decision in the long term: see 
Principal Activity, Strategy & Business Model and Risks and 
Uncertainties on pages 9 to 10;

•   The interests of the Group’s employees; ethics and compliance; 

fostering of the Company’s business relationships with suppliers, 
customers and others; and the impact of the Group’s operations 
on the community and environment: see Corporate Responsibility 
and Sustainability reports on pages 12 to 19;

•   The need to act fairly between members of the Company: see the 

Corporate Responsibility section on pages 13 to 22;

•   The desirability of maintaining a reputation for high standards of 
business conduct: see the Corporate Governance section on 
pages 27 to 28.

GOING CONCERN

LAP
In reviewing going concern it is necessary to consider separately the 
position of LAP Group and Bisichi. Although both are consolidated 
into group accounts (as required by IFRS 10), they are managed 
independently and in the unlikely event that Bisichi was unable to 
continue trading this would not affect the ability of LAP Group to 
continue operating as a going concern. The same would be true for 
Bisichi in reverse.

The directors have reviewed the cash flow forecasts of the LAP 
Group and the underlying assumptions on which they are based for 
the 15 months from the date of signing. The LAP Group’s business 
activities, together with the factors likely to affect its future 
development, are set out in the Chairman and Chief Executive’s 
Statement and Financial Review. In addition, Note 22 to the 
financial statements sets out the Group’s objectives, policies and 
processes for managing its capital; its financial risk management 
objectives; details of its financial instruments and hedging activities; 
and its exposure to credit risk and liquidity risk.

Directors assess the longer term prospects of the business over a 
four year time horizon as covered by the Group’s annual rolling 
four-year strategic financial plan. This is considered to be the 
optimum balance between our need to plan for the long term, 
recognising that property investment is a long-term business, and 
the progressively unreliable nature of forecasting in later years.

Geo-political events in Ukraine and the Middle East are no longer 
significantly impacting global energy prices. Although the outcome 
of these events is uncertain, the Directors at present do not foresee 
the events having a significant negative impact on the Group’s UK 
and South African operations’ ability to remain in operation for the 
foreseeable future. 

Bisichi
Detailed budget and cash flow forecasts for Bisichi’s operations 
demonstrate that Bisichi has sufficient resources to meet its 
liabilities as they fall due for at least the next 12 months and that 
Bisichi will be able to manage its business risks and have adequate 
cash resources to continue in operational existence for the 
foreseeable future. Further details can be found in the Bisichi plc 
2023 Financial Statements which are available on their web site: 
www.bisichi.co.uk.

8  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

STRATEGIC REPORT
STRATEGIC REPORT
Principal activities, strategy & business model

The LAP Group’s principal business model is the investment in and management and development of industrial and retail property through 
direct investment and joint ventures. 

The principal activity of Bisichi PLC is coal mining and coal processing in South Africa. Further information is available in its 2023 Financial 
Statements which are available on their web site: www.bisichi.co.uk

STRATEGIC PRIORITIES ARE

OUR STRATEGY IS

Maximising income

Creating quality property

Capital strength

Maintain the value of  
investment in Bisichi

By achieving an appropriate tenant mix and providing vibrant environments with excellent facilities 
we can increase tenant demand for space and enhance income.

We look to improve the tenant experience at all our properties by achieving an appropriate tenant 
mix and a vibrant trading environment through investment activity, enhancement, refurbishment 
and development.

We operate within a prudent and flexible financial structure. Our gearing policy provides financial 
stability whilst giving capacity and flexibility to look for further investments.

By encouraging the Bisichi management to maximise sustainable profits and cash distributions.

Risks and uncertainties

DESCRIPTION OF RISK
ASSET MANAGEMENT:

DESCRIPTION OF IMPACT

MITIGATION

Tenant failure

Financial loss.

Leases not renewed

Financial loss.

Initial and subsequent assessment of tenant covenant 
strength combined with an active credit control function.

Lease expiries regularly reviewed. Experienced teams 
with strong tenant and market knowledge who manage 
appropriate tenant mix.

Asset liquidity (size and  
geographical location)

PEOPLE:

Assets may be illiquid and affect flexing 
of balance sheet.

Regular reporting of current and projected position to 
the Board with efficient treasury management.

Retention and recruitment of staff

Unable to retain and attract the best 
people for the key roles. 

Nomination Committee and senior staff review 
skills gaps and succession planning. Training and 
development offered.

REPUTATION:

Business interruption

Loss in revenue.

Impact on footfall.

Adverse publicity.

Documented Recovery Plan in place. 

General and terrorism insurance policies in place and 
risks monitored by trained security staff. 

Potential for criminal/civil proceedings.

Health and Safety policies in place. 

FINANCING:

Fluctuation in property values

Impact on covenants and other loan 
agreement obligations.

Reduced availability of borrowing 
facilities

Insufficient funds to meet existing  
debts/interest payments and  
operational payments.

Loss of cash and deposits

Financial loss.

Fluctuation of interest rates

Uncertainty of interest rate costs.

CCTV in centres.

Secure income flows. 

Regular monitoring of LTV and IC covenants and other 
obligations.

Focus on quality assets.

Efficient treasury management. 

Loan facilities extended where possible.

Regular reporting of current and projected position 

to the Board.

Only use a spread of banks and financial institutions 
which have a strong credit rating.

Manage derivative contracts to achieve a balance 
between hedging interest rate exposure and  
minimising potential cash calls.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 9

STRATEGIC REPORT
STRATEGIC REPORT
Bisichi risks and uncertainties

Bisichi (although it is consolidated into group accounts as required by IFRS 10) is managed independently of LAP. The risks outlined below 
are an abbreviated summary of the risks reported by the Directors of Bisichi to the shareholders of that Company. Full details are available 
in the published accounts of Bisichi (www.bisichi.co.uk).

These risks, although critical to Bisichi, are of less significance to LAP which only has a minority investment of 41.6% in the company. In the 
unlikely event that Bisichi was unable to continue trading, it would not affect the ability of LAP to continue operating as a going concern. 

DESCRIPTION OF RISK

DESCRIPTION OF IMPACT

MITIGATION

Coal prices can be impacted materially 
by market and currency variations and 
geopolitical factors

Affects sales value and therefore 
margins.

Bisichi primarily focuses on managing its 
underlying production and processing costs 
to mitigate coal price volatility as well as 
from time to time entering into forward sales 
contracts with the goal of preserving future 
revenue streams. Bisichi has not entered into 
any such contracts in 2022 and 2023.

Bisichi assesses on an ongoing basis the impact 
of volatility in global energy markets, economic 
volatility and climate change related risks may 
have on the Group’s mining operations and 
future investment decisions

Use of independent geology experts, careful 
attention to regulations, health and safety 
training, employee dialogue to minimise 
controllable risks.

Mining operations are inherently risky.  
Mineral reserves, regulations, licensing,  
power availability, health and safety can  
all damage operations

Currency risk

Loss of production causing loss of 
revenue.

Affects realised sales value and 
therefore margins.

Regular monitoring and review of forward 
currency situation.

Cashflow variation because of mining risks, 
commodity price or currency variations

Variations can deliver significant 
shifts in cash flow.

UK property investments used to offset high 
risk mining operations.

Socio-economic, political instability & 
regulatory environment risk

The Bisichi Group is exposed 
to a wide range of political, 
economic, regulatory, social and 
tax environments, particularly in 
South Africa.

Bisichi’s assets and investments are diversified 
across various countries which reduces its 
exposure to any particular country. Its Board 
regularly assesses the political and socio-
economic environment and related risks of the 
countries it operates and invests in.

There has been no change in the risks faced by either LAP or Bisichi.

10  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

STRATEGIC REPORT
Key performance indicators

The Group’s Key Performance Indicators are selected to ensure clear alignment between its strategy and shareholder interests.  
The KPIs are calculated using data from management reporting systems.

KPI 
STRATEGIC PRIORITY
MAXIMISING INCOME – LIKE FOR LIKE PROPERTY INCOME

PERFORMANCE

To increase the like-for-
like income from each 
property year on year.

Like-for-like rental income 
as a percentage of the 
prior year rental.

The like-for-like rental income of the 
group by property has increased by 
£49,000 (1.9%) (2022: increase of 
£15,000 and 0.4%).

In the continuing difficult trading 
environment, this is considered 
positive. 

MAXIMISING INCOME – OCCUPANCY

We aim to maximise 
the total income in our 
properties by achieving 
full occupancy.

The estimated rental value 
("ERV") of the empty units 
as a percentage of our 
total income.

Void levels decreased to 2.7% (2022: 
3.6%).

There continue to be minimal voids 
across the portfolio which is positive.

CAPITAL STRENGTH – GROWTH IN NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE

The net assets per 
share is the principal 
measure used by the 
group for monitoring its 
performance and is an 
indicator of the level of 
reserves available for 
distribution by way of 
dividend.

Movement in the net 
assets per share.

The net assets per share decreased 
by 4.76 pence per share (12.5%) to 
33.38p (2022: 38.14p).

While this is a poor result, it reflects 
the impact of a weak lending market 
on property valuations.

CHANGE IN LIKE-FOR-LIKE 
INCOME*

500

250

0.0

-250

-500

9.0

8.0

6.0

4.0

2.0

0.0

75.0

50.0

25.0

0.0

2021 2022 2023

VOIDS 

2021

2022

2023

NET ASSETS PER SHARE

2021

2022

2023

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 11

STRATEGIC REPORT
Corporate responsibility

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Bisichi’s Black Wattle continues to strive to conduct business in a safe, 
environmentally and socially responsible manner. Some highlights of 
their Health, Safety and Environment performance during 2023:

•   Black Wattle Colliery recorded 2 Lost time Injuries during 

CLIMATE CHANGE REPORTING
The Group recognises that climate change represents one of the most 
significant challenges facing the world today and supports the goals 
of the Paris Agreement and the UN Framework Convention on 
Climate Change. 

2023 (2022: 2). 

Our aim is to: 

•  One case of Occupational Diseases were recorded. 

•  minimize our contribution to greenhouse gas emissions; 

•   One claim for the Compensation for Occupational Diseases 

•   to consider and plan for the physical and transitional risks of 

were submitted.

In South Africa, the Broad-Based Socio-Economic Empowerment 
Charter for the Mining and Minerals Industry (New Mining Charter) 
is a regulatory instrument that facilitates sustainable transformation, 
growth and development of the mining industry. Bisichi is committed 
to fully complying with the New Mining Charter and providing adequate 
resources to this area in order to ensure opportunities are expanded 
for historically disadvantaged South Africans (HDSAs) to enter the 
mining and minerals industry. In addition, Bisichi continues to adhere 
to and make progress in terms of their Social and Labour Plan and 
various BEE initiatives. A fuller explanation of these can be found in 
Bisichi’s 2023 Financial Statements which are available on their 
web site: www.bisichi.co.uk

climate change on our operations; and 

•   to work with stakeholders, including local government and 

communities, to mitigate the impact of climate-related challenges.

In the current year, the Group has aligned climate disclosures in this 
Strategic Report to the four Task force on Climate-related Financial 
Disclosure (“TCFD”) recommendations as follows:

TCFD AREA

TCFD CONSIDERATION

LONDON & ASSOCIATED PROPERTIES PLC & BISICHI PLC

Governance

Board’s oversight of climate risk 
and opportunities

The LAP & Bisichi Boards have ultimate responsibility for the monitoring and 
development of the Groups’ approach to climate risk and opportunities. 

In light of the size of the Group, ESG matters are considered as part of the 
Group’s regular board meetings and at other appropriate points during the year.

The Board has developed and implemented a Climate Change Policy and monitor 
the content, effectiveness and implementation of this Policy on a regular basis.

The Group’s Climate Change Policy can be found on the Group’s website at 
www.lap.co.uk. 

Short, medium and long term strategic decisions, including those on capital 
allocation and portfolio management, are considered by Group management 
who make recommendations to the Board. Climate related issues and policy are 
included as significant factors for consideration in the decision making process, 
both in the management recommendation and in the Board’s consideration of 
the relevant issue. 

On-going climate related issues are integrated into the Group’s business risk 
management process and reporting thereof to the Board and Audit Committee. 

The Group has regard to best practice in its area of operations, its health and safety 
and environmental obligations and seeks to ensure high standards of business 
conduct in its operations. It will review compliance with the TCFD Recommendations 
on an ongoing basis, and report on its performance on a yearly basis. 

Responsibility for the application of this Policy rests with, but is not limited to, 
all employees and contractors engaged in relevant activities under the Group’s 
operational control. The Group’s managers are responsible for promoting and 
ensuring compliance with this Policy and any related individual site-level policies 
and practices. 

At Bisichi’s South African operations, management have commenced engagement 
with key stakeholders in order to ensure awareness of our climate change policy 
as well as the potential impact of climate change on our environment and 
operations. We continue our collaboration with our contractors on GHG Emission 
Reporting and we are actively looking for opportunities to partner with our 
stakeholders to drive the uptake of carbon neutral solutions.

For material strategic or financial decisions, the Group may consider procuring 
expert advice from third party consultants on the impact in the short, medium 
and long term of the decision, and ensure that such information is fully 
considered as part of the evaluation of the relevant matter.

Management’s role in assessing 
and managing climate-related 
risks and opportunities

12  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

STRATEGIC REPORT Corporate responsibility

TCFD AREA

TCFD CONSIDERATION

LONDON & ASSOCIATED PROPERTIES PLC & BISICHI PLC

Strategy

Climate-related risks and 
opportunities the Group has 
identified over the short, 
medium, and long run

Bisichi considers the current life of mine of its South African operations to fall 
within a short to medium term horizon. Within this horizon, climate change 
transition risks may impact their South African coal mining and processing 
operations. Risks include:

•  coal price and demand volatility;
•  availability and cost of financing and third party services such as insurance;
•  delays or restrictions to regulatory approvals; 
•  early retirement of our coal processing and mining operations; and
•   Carbon pricing and taxes, that may create additional costs through the 

value ch ain.

The Group have assessed physical climate risk profiles produced by the World 
Bank, particularly in relation to the South African operations. Bisichi considers 
the physical risks of variations in climate over the current life of mine of the 
South African operations to be mainly limited to an increased risk of seasonal 
flooding that may impact the operating efficiency, costs and revenues of the 
mining and processing operations.

In a longer term horizon, and in a scenario where the useful life of Bisichi’s 
South African operations is extended, the above short to medium term 
transitional risks are expected to continue to apply. In addition, in a scenario, 
such as the International Energy Association’s (“IEA”) Pathway to Net Zero by 
2050 (“NZE 2050”), where climate policies are effectively implemented that support 
a transformation to net zero emissions by 2050 and limiting the rise of global 
temperatures to 1.5°C by the end of the century, policies will lead to significant 
coal demand decline over the longer term. This in turn will impact the carrying 
value and long term viability of Bisichi’s South African coal operations as well as 
the stakeholders and communities reliant on our operations. Extreme weather 
events, over the long term in South Africa, such as floods, and droughts, as well as 
changes in rainfall patterns, temperature, and storm frequency will also affect the 
operating efficiency, costs and revenues of the mining and processing operations, 
supply chains and impact the communities living close to the operations. 

Clean coal research and technology initiatives such as carbon capture may result 
in opportunities to increase the useful life of Bisichi’s South African coal mining 
and processing operations. In addition, the clean energy transition provides 
opportunities for Bisichi to diversify its business activities and equity investment 
portfolio into renewable and extractive industries that will benefit from and are 
critical to the transition to a clean energy system.

The main sources of scope 1 & 2 Green House Gas (GHG) emissions for the 
Group have been associated with the South African coal mining and processing 
operations, namely due to fuel combustion and electricity usage. Improvements 
in the cost competitiveness of lower emission sources of energy provide 
opportunities to lower overall operating costs at our operations as well as 
reduce overall GHG Emissions. 

In the UK we have identified the following material physical and transitional risks 
related to our UK property portfolio: 

•   Long term physical risk through changes in climate, flood risk and extreme 

weather; and

•   Short-term transition risk from emerging regulation related to energy 

performance (“EPC”) and enhanced disclosures 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 13

STRATEGIC REPORT Corporate responsibility

TCFD AREA

TCFD CONSIDERATION

LONDON & ASSOCIATED PROPERTIES PLC & BISICHI PLC

Strategy

Impact of climate-related risks 
and opportunities on businesses, 
strategy, and financial planning

Bisichi’s management have incorporated and regularly review the following 
strategies and procedures in relation to their South African coal operations: 
•   Review of the impact of climate change and the global transition to clean 
energy, particularly in relation to the current life of mine of Bisichi’s coal 
operations; 

•  Regular research and analysis of the coal market demand outlook;
•   Regular research and analysis on the outlook of the South African coal mining 
industry and climate change regulation including mining regulation, energy 
procurement and licensing, and carbon taxing; 

•   Regular communication with financial service providers and suppliers on any 

future changes to availability and cost of services.

•   Regular research and analysis on the progress of clean coal technology and 

related regulatory initiatives; and

•   Regular dialogue and seeking collaboration with governments and local 

communities and other stakeholders on climate change-related challenges.
Bisichi have identified the need to mitigate GHG emission heavy sources of 
electricity usage at our coal washing plant. Management are currently in the 
process of evaluating opportunities to reduce these emissions taking into 
particular consideration the financial viability and long term sustainability of the 
projects. 
The below areas have been identified where GHG emissions can be further 
reduced through: 
• Minimising land clearance for new project facilities;
• Adoption of mitigation strategies for preserving integrity of environment;
• Minimising tree felling; 
• The use of modern, energy and fuel efficient equipment;
•  The inclusion of the impact of GHG emissions as an evaluation criteria in 
the selection of mining contractors, suppliers and equipment. Particular 
consideration will be given to the choice of vehicles used for the mine fleet, 
employee transportation and the haulage fleet. Where possible energy and fuel 
efficiency will be a factor in the selection of vehicles as this will not only reduce 
GHG emissions but also reduce operating costs. In addition to the efficiency 
of the fleet itself, opportunities will be sought for improving the use of the 
vehicles. 

•  Scheduling of excavation and haulage activities to optimise activities and avoid 

double handling, where this is operationally practical; and

•  The upgrading of energy-intensive machinery over time will be used to improve 
efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions compared to machinery that has been 
removed. 

Further energy efficiency opportunities will also be investigated.
Potential water scarcity has increased management focus on opportunities to 
increase the usage efficiency of our existing water supply and water recycling 
systems. The introduction of a closed loop filter press system for coal fines in 
2019 and additional other work concluded or planned on our water recycling 
systems at our coal processing facility will result in a lowering of our overall cost 
of water and the environmental footprint of our operations. Increased risks of 
flooding have been incorporated at planning stage in new opencast mining areas 
that have been opened. 
Transition and physical risks related to climate change are regularly discussed 
at Bisichi’s Board level, particularly those related to the long term viability of 
Bisichi’s South African coal operations and the future allocation of capital. Bisichi 
regularly considers the need for coal as an energy source both globally and in 
South Africa over the life of mine of our operations and in its long term planning. 
Bisichi is committed to responsible stewardship of their legacy South African coal 
assets taking into account the impact climate change related risks may have on all 
our local stakeholders. Bisichi recognise the need to collaborate with government, 
employees and communities, to ensure a just transition for our stakeholders 
through the transition to a low carbon economy. 
Bisichi regularly evaluates and continues to seek opportunities to diversify its 
business activities and equity investment portfolio, particularly into renewable 
and extractive industries that predominantly mine commodities identified by 
the IEA as critical in the transition to a clean energy system. Any significant 
developments will be reported to shareholders in due course.
The Board continue to monitor and regularly review adherence by the Group to 
changes to UK EPC. The Group have incorporated the ongoing impact of EPC 
regulatory standards into its decision making process. 

14  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

STRATEGIC REPORT Corporate responsibility

TCFD AREA

TCFD CONSIDERATION

LONDON & ASSOCIATED PROPERTIES PLC & BISICHI PLC

Strategy

Resilience of strategy, taking 
into consideration different 
climate-related scenarios, 
including a 2°C or lower 
scenario.

Risk  
management

Processes for identifying and 
assessing climate related risks.

Processes for managing  
climate-related risks.

Bisichi’s management have incorporated climate scenarios into their strategic 
operational planning and review process. Bisichi have assessed the resilience of 
our coal operations compared to the IEA’s NZE2050 Scenario, which sets out 
what additional measures would be required over the next ten years to put the 
world as a whole on track for net zero emissions by mid-century. The Scenario 
indicates a significant coal demand decline over the longer term impacting the 
potential commercial longevity of Bisichi’s South African operations. In addition 
Bisichi have assessed physical climate risk profiles for their South African 
operations obtained via the World Bank Group’s Climate Change Knowledge 
Portal. The outcomes of scenario testing and physical climate profiling have 
been incorporated into the long term strategic planning and decision making 
processes of Bisichi. 

Over the short to medium term, considering the potential impact of transitional 
climate risks on Bisichi Group’s South African operations, the Group’s climate 
strategy and policy is regularly scrutinised by Bisichi’s senior management and 
Board in regard to any changes in coal demand outlook and climate regulatory 
policy that may impact our operations over the current life of mine. A recent 
example being the Just Energy Transition Investment Plan (“JET IP”) announced 
by the South African Government for 2023-2027. 

The Board encourages senior and local management to assess principal and 
emerging climate-related risks on a regular basis. Risks identified are to be 
reported to and discussed at Board level and incorporated into the strategy and 
planning of the Group. 
The Group’s risk management processes are developed, implemented and 
reviewed by the Board, who retain ultimate responsibility for them. 

In addition to the Group’s management of its principal risks and uncertainties, 
climate change impacts are mainly considered from two environmental 
perspectives, the impact of our South African coal mining and processing 
operations on the climate and the effect of global climate change on our 
operations and stakeholders.

Heavy sources of GHG emissions have been identified from our annual 
Greenhouse Gas emissions recording and reporting. 

The Bisichi Board and Senior management remain in regular communication 
with local regulatory bodies, climate research providers, coal market analysts, 
suppliers, and services providers to ensure climate related risks and changes in 
regulatory policy are identified and assessed on a regular basis. Bisichi’s senior 
and local management in South Africa are encouraged by the Board to identify 
local climate related risks and changes in regulatory policy that may impact our 
South African coal operations. 

Bisichi’s management continually engage with governments and local 
communities and other stakeholders on climate change-related challenges 
impacting the local area and the South African coal industry at large.

The Board and Senior management co-ordinate the Group’s analysis and 
planning of the effects of climate change on our business. The Board discuss 
regularly the impact of any risks identified through the organisation, particularly 
in relation to material matters that may impact the viability of the Group’s coal 
operations. The Bisichi Board regularly review and analyse coal market and 
outlook research, particularly in relation to targets set out in local climate policy 
such as JET IP and global climate scenarios such as NZE 2050. 

The mitigation of GHG emissions and identification of climate related risks has 
been integrated into our corporate policy, project and procurement evaluation 
criteria at Bisichi’s South African operations to ensure it is consistently applied 
and managed.

The Group continuously monitors and reports key performance indications 
relating to environmental matters, including the location of CO2 emissions, their 
levels and intensity.

On an ongoing basis, the Group assesses the impact of carbon pricing, climate 
regulation and taxation on going concern assumptions, the Group’s current and 
future strategy and operations.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 15

STRATEGIC REPORT Corporate responsibility

TCFD AREA

TCFD CONSIDERATION

LONDON & ASSOCIATED PROPERTIES PLC & BISICHI PLC

Risk 
management

Metrics and 
targets

Processes for identifying, 
assessing, and managing 
climate-related risks are 
integrated into the overall 
risk management.

Metrics used by the Group 
to assess climate related risks 
and opportunities in line with its 
strategy and risk management 
process

Scope 1, Scope 2 and, 
if appropriate, Scope 3 
greenhouse gas (GHG) 
emissions, and the related risks.

Targets used by the Group 
to manage climate-related 
risks and opportunities and 
performance against targets.

New or evolving climate change risks identified by both senior and local 
management are to be reported to and discussed at Board level and 
incorporated into the strategy, planning and climate policy of the Group. 

Where possible, plans to mitigate the effect of climate change on Bisichi’s 
operations and local communities will be integrated into the mines regulatory 
environmental management and social and labour plans. 
A financial segmentation of the Group’s South African coal mining and 
processing assets that are impacted by the climate related risks and 
opportunities outlined above can be found in Bisichi’s 2023 Financial Statements 
which are available on their website: www.bisichi.co.uk. 

Bisichi recognises that its ability to reduce overall carbon emissions is 
constrained at present by the main segment of it business activities, being 
coal mining and processing in South Africa. Bisichi has, however, sought to 
appropriately target its emission reduction strategy to the elements of its 
operations where a meaningful reduction in greenhouse gas emissions can be 
effected, and this will be reflected in the targets set by the Group in due course.

The Group measures and report our CO2 emissions across the Group including 
a breakdown of UK and South African operations. See below for disclosure of 
emissions during the year.
The Group is committed to measuring and reporting our scope 1 and 2 
greenhouse gas emissions, see below for disclosure of emissions during the year.

Scope 3 emissions are not currently measured given the size and life of mine of 
the Group’s South African coal operations and the uncertainty and impracticality 
in accurately measuring such emissions throughout the value chain. The Group 
will continue to assess the above approach as part of its continued review of 
compliance with the TCFD Recommendations and taking into account any 
material changes in future business activities.
Over 99% of the Group’s GHG Emissions relate to Bisichi’s South African coal 
operations which has a current life of mine of 7 years. 

In the short term, the Group’s continues to evaluate areas where GHG emissions 
can be further reduced, particularly scope 2 emissions related to the heavy sources of 
electricity usage at Bisichi’s coal washing plant. Once the Group has identified the 
scope of further potential reductions, their time, capital cost and practicability of 
implementation, short term targets for the Group will be reassessed. 

Over the long term, as part of the Group’s business strategy, the Board 
continues to evaluate opportunities to diversify its business activities. In turn, 
targets related to GHG emissions will be re-evaluated in line with any future 
changes in the Group’s planned operating activities. 

16  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

STRATEGIC REPORT Corporate responsibility

GREENHOUSE GAS REPORTING
As a quoted organisation incorporated in the UK, we have reported 
on all emission sources required under the Companies (Directors’ 
Report) and Limited Liability Partnerships (Energy and Carbon 
Report) Regulations 2018. for the period 1st January 2023 to 31st 
December 2023.

The emissions are detailed in Tables 1, 2 and 3 below.

We have employed the Financial Control definition to outline our 
carbon footprint boundary, reporting Scope 1 & 2 emissions only for 
both landlord & tenant-controlled areas of LAP owned shopping 
centres and facilities.

During the year LAP had landlord-controlled areas in Orchard 
Square, Brewery Street, Shipley and Bridgend, Bedworth, and Little 
Portland Street. Properties that LAP manage on behalf of others or 
are not wholly owned by LAP are excluded from our footprint 
boundary. An estimate of the emissions associated with the LAP 
offices on Little Portland Street has been included in this year’s 
calculations, as in the previous year.

Table 1. Landlord & tenant controlled areas

Scope 1 emissions

Scope 2 emissions

Table 2. LAP controlled areas

Scope 1 emissions

Scope 2 emissions

Table 3. Tenant controlled areas

Scope 1 emissions

Scope 2 emissions

EMISSIONS SOURCE tCO2e
Natural gas
Refrigerants
Electricity
Total tCO2e
Intensity ratio (tCO2e/£k)

EMISSIONS SOURCE TCO2E
Natural gas
Refrigerants
Electricity
Total tCO2e

EMISSIONS SOURCE TCO2E
Natural gas
Refrigerants
Electricity
Total tCO2e

Table 4. Coal mining carbon footprint

Emissions for landlord-controlled areas have been calculated based 
on actual consumption data collected from each site. Emissions 
from tenant-controlled areas have been calculated based on floor 
area and energy consumption benchmarks for general retail services 
in the UK.

We have used the main requirements of the ISO14064-1 standard 
and HM Government Environmental Reporting Guidelines (2019) 
including streamlined energy and carbon reporting guidance. 
Emission factors were from the UK Government’s GHG Conversion 
Factors for Company Reporting 2023.

As well as reporting Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions, the regulations 
require that at least one intensity ratio is reported for the given 
reporting period. The intensity figure below shows emissions in 
tCO2e per thousand pounds revenue.

2023
29
0
1,152
1,182
0.25

2023
29
0
97
126

2023
0
0
1,055
1,055

2022
35
0
1,265
1,300
0.24

2022
35
0
39
74

2022
0
0
1,226
1,226

CHANGE
-15%
n/a
-9%
-9%
6%

CHANGE
-15%
n/a
149%
72%

CHANGE
n/a
n/a
-14%
-14%

Emissions source:
Emissions from the combustion of fuel or the operation of any facility including fugitive emissions from 
refrigerants use
Emissions resulting from the purchase of electricity, heat, steam or cooling by the company for its own 
use (location based)
Total gross emissions/tCO2e
Intensity:
Intensity 1 Tonnes of CO2 per pound sterling of revenue
Intensity 2 Tonnes of CO2 per pound of coal produced

Energy consumption used to calculate above emissions 
Of which UK

2023
CO2E
TONNES

2022 
CO2E
TONNES

39,709

39,564 

7,601

12,267

47,310

51,831

0.0010
0.0587

0.0005
0.0629

kWh
90,218,230
7,601

kWh
87,292,816
12,341

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 17

STRATEGIC REPORT Corporate responsibility

ENVIRONMENT

United Kingdom
The Group’s principal UK activity is property investment, which 
involves renting premises to commercial businesses. We seek to 
provide those tenants with good quality premises from which they 
can operate in an efficient and environmentally friendly manner. 
Where possible, improvements, repairs and replacements are made 
in an environmentally efficient manner and waste re-cycling 
arrangements are in place at all the Group’s locations.

South Africa
Under the terms of the mine’s Environmental Management 
Programme approved by the Department of Mineral Resource and 
Energy (“DMRE”), Black Wattle undertakes a host of environmental 
protection activities to ensure that the approved Environmental 
Management Plan is fully implemented. In addition to these routine 
activities, Black Wattle regularly carries out environmental 
monitoring activities on and around the mine, including evaluation 
of ground water quality, air quality, noise and lighting levels, ground 
vibrations, air blast monitoring, and assessment of visual impacts. In 
addition to this Black Wattle also performs quarterly monitoring of 
all boreholes around the mine to ensure that no contaminated water 
filters through to the surrounding communities. Black Wattle is fully 
compliant with the regulatory requirements of the Department of 
Water Affairs and Forestry and has an approved water use licence. 

Black Wattle Colliery has substantially improved its water 
management by erecting and upgrading all its pollution control dams 
in consultation with the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 

A performance assessment audit was conducted to verify compliance 
to our Environmental Management Programme and no significant 
deviations were found.

EMPLOYEE, SOCIAL, COMMUNITY AND 
HUMAN RIGHTS
The Group’s policy is to attract staff and motivate employees by 
offering competitive terms of employment. The Group provides 
equal opportunities to all employees and prospective employees 
including those who are disabled and operates in compliance with 
all relevant national legislation.

The Group believes that it is in the interest of shareholders to 
consider social and human rights issues when conducting business. 
Various policies and initiatives implemented by the Group that fall 
within these areas are discussed within this report.

ANTI-SLAVERY AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING
The Group is committed to the prevention of the use of forced labour 
and has a zero tolerance policy for human trafficking and slavery. 

The Group’s policies and initiatives in this area can be found within 
the Group’s Anti-slavery and human trafficking statement found on 
the Group’s website at www.lap.co.uk. 

EMPLOYMENT AND DIVERSITY
The Board of London & Associated Properties PLC at 31 December 2023 comprised:

Men
Women
Not specified/prefer not to say

NUMBER OF 
BOARD MEMBERS
6
0
0

PERCENTAGE OF 
THE BOARD
100%
0%
0%

NUMBER 
OF SENIOR 
POSITIONS ON 
THE BOARD 
3
0
0

NUMBER 
OF SENIOR 
POSITIONS ON 
THE BOARD 
3

NUMBER IN 
EXECUTIVE 
MANAGEMENT
3
0
0

PERCENTAGE 
OF EXECUTIVE 
MANAGEMENT
100%
0%
0%

NUMBER IN 
EXECUTIVE 
MANAGEMENT
3

PERCENTAGE 
OF EXECUTIVE 
MANAGEMENT
100%

NUMBER OF 
BOARD MEMBERS
6

PERCENTAGE OF 
THE BOARD
100%

White British or other White (including 
minority white groups)
Mixed/Multiple Ethnic Groups
Asian/Asian British
Black/African/Caribbean/Black British
Other ethnic group, including Arab

0
0
0
0

0%
0%
0%
0%

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0%
0%
0%
0%

The above data has been collected through self-reporting by the 
Board members. Questions asked include gender identity or sex and 
ethnic background. 

The Company notes the diversity targets included in the Listing 
Rules, being:

•  at least 40% of the individuals on the Board are women;

•   at least one of the specified senior positions is held by a woman; and

•   at least one individual on the Board is from a minority ethnic 

background.

At 31 December 2023 the Company did not meet the target that at 
least 40% of the individuals on its board of directors are women and 
at least one of the senior positions on the Board is held by a 
women. Should the Board look to appoint further directors in the 
future, the Company will give due consideration to how it may 

18  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

achieve the diversity targets while ensuring the appropriate 
structure of the Board and mix of skills and expertise relevant to the 
Company’s operations. As part of its recruitment processes, the 
Company gives careful consideration to all potential applicants. The 
Company will keep this under ongoing review. The Group is 
committed to improving upon its gender and diversity targets at all 
employment levels within the Group through a required build-up of 
sufficient talent pools, training up of employees and targeted 
recruitment policies. The Company will keep the requirement for a 
formal diversity policy under review and will give serious 
consideration to the adoption of a policy, tailored to the nature of 
the Company’s business, its operations and resources at the 
appropriate point.

STRATEGIC REPORT Corporate responsibility

BISICHI PLC
In terms of directors, employees and gender representation, at the 
year end the Group had 9 directors (8 male and 2 from a minority 
ethnic or HDSA Background, 1 female from a minority ethnic or HDSA 
Background), 5 senior managers (5 male and 2 from a minority ethnic 
or HDSA Background) and 212 other employees (143 male and 118 
from a minority ethnic or HDSA Background, 69 female and 66 from 
a minority ethnic or HDSA Background).

The Group’s South African operations are committed to achieving 
the goals of the South African Employment Equity Act and is 
pleased to report the following:

•   Black Wattle Colliery has exceeded the 10 percent women in 

management and core mining target.

•   Black Wattle Colliery has achieved over 15 percent women in 

core mining.

•   95 percent of the women at Black Wattle Colliery are HDSA 

females.

Black Wattle Colliery has successfully submitted their annual 
Employment Equity Report to the Department of Labour. In terms 
of staff training some highlights for 2023 were:

•   One employee was trained in ABET (Adult Basic Educational 

Training) on various levels. 

•   An additional eight disabled HDSA women continued their 

training on ABET levels one to four.

•  Four HDSA persons were enrolled for apprenticeships in 2023; 

•  Two HDSA females were allocated new Bursaries for 2023.

Further to the above, we confirm that one HDSA Male completed 
his bursary studies in 2023, while two HDSA females continued 
their bursary studies in 2023.

Highlights for 2023 for Sisonke Coal Processing:

•   One employee was trained in ABET (Adult Basic Educational 

Training) on various levels 

Employment terms and conditions for the employees based at 
Bisichi’s UK office and at their South African mining operations are 
regulated by and are operated in compliance with all relevant 
prevailing national and local legislation. Employment terms and 
conditions provided to mining staff meet or exceed the national 
average. Bisichi’s mining operations and coal washing plant facility 
are labour intensive and unionised. During the year no labour 
disputes, strikes or wage negotiations disrupted production or had a 
significant impact on earnings. Bisichi’s relations to date with labour 
representatives and labour related unions continue to remain strong.

Detailed information relating to the Bisichi Strategic Report is 
available in its 2023 financial statements.

Approved on behalf of the board of directors.

Jonathan Mintz 
Finance Director

29 April 2024

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 19

GOVERNANCE
GOVERNANCE

SECRETARY & REGISTERED OFFICE
Jonathan Mintz FCA 
2nd Floor, 12 Little Portland Street,  
London W1W 8BJ 

AUDITOR
Kreston Reeves LLP 

PRINCIPAL BANKERS
Santander UK plc 
Metro Bank plc 
QIB (UK) plc

SOLICITORS
Pinsent Masons LLP 
Wake Smith Solicitors Limited

STOCKBROKER
Shore Capital Markets Limited 

REGISTRARS & TRANSFER OFFICE
Link Group 
Central Square 
29 Wellington Street 
Leeds 
LS1 4DL

UK telephone: 0371 664 0300 
International telephone: +44 371 664 0300

(Calls are charged at the standard geographic rate and will vary by provider. Calls 
outside the United Kingdom will be charged at the applicable international rate). 

Lines are open between 8.00am to 5.30pm, Monday to Friday, 
excluding public holidays in England and Wales. 

Website: www.linkgroup.eu 
Email: shareholderenquiries@linkgroup.co.uk

Company registration number 
341829 (England and Wales)

WEBSITE
www.lap.co.uk

E-MAIL
admin@lap.co.uk

Directors & advisors

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS
John A Heller LLB MBA  
(Chairman and Chief Executive)

Jonathan Mintz FCA  
(Finance Director) 

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS 

Howard D Goldring BSC (ECON) ACA †  
Howard Goldring was, until 2020, Executive Chairman of Alberon 
Holdings Limited which specialises in the discretionary management 
of investment portfolios for pension funds, charities, family trusts 
and private clients. He also acted as an advisor providing high level 
asset allocation advice to family offices and pension schemes. He 
has been a member of the LAP Board since July 1992, and has over 
40 years’ experience of the real estate market. He was a director of 
Baronsmead VCT 2 PLC from 2010-2016 and has specialised in 
providing many companies with investor relations support.

Clive A Parritt FCA CF FIIA #† 
Clive Parritt joined the board on 1 January 2006. He is a chartered 
accountant with over 40 years’ experience of providing strategic, 
financial and commercial advice to businesses of all sizes. He is a 
director of Brown Advisory US Smaller Companies plc and a member 
of the Performance, Audit and Risk Committee of Arts Council England. 
Previously he was Group Finance Director of Audiotonix Limited (an 
international manufacturer of audio mixing consoles), he has chaired 
and been a director of a number of other public and private companies. 
Clive Parritt was President of the Institute of Chartered Accountants 
in England and Wales in 2011-12. He is Chairman of the Audit 
Committee and as Senior Independent Director he chairs the 
Nomination and Remuneration Committees.

Robin Priest MA † 
Robin Priest joined the board on 31 July 2013. He is a senior advisor 
to Alvarez & Marsal LLP (“A&M”) and to a major listed German real 
estate investment fund manager. He has more than 38 years’ 
experience in real estate and structured finance. He was formerly 
Managing Director of A&M’s real estate practice, advising private 
sector and public sector clients on both operational and financial 
real estate matters. Prior to joining A&M, Robin was lead partner for 
Real Estate Corporate Finance in London with Deloitte LLP and 
before this he founded and ran a property company backed by 
private equity. He is also a trustee of London’s Brixton House 
Theatre.

Andrew R Heller MA, ACA 
Andrew Heller joined the board on 29 March 2023. He is a qualified 
Chartered Accountant, serves as Chairman & Managing Director of 
Bisichi PLC and has nearly 30 years’ experience in the mining industry.

†  Member of the audit, remuneration and nomination committees 
#  Senior independent director 

20  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

GOVERNANCE

GOVERNANCE
Directors’ report

The Directors submit their report and the audited 
financial statements for the year ended 31 
December 2023.

STRATEGIC REPORT
A comprehensive review and assessment of the Group’s activities during 
the year as well as its position at the year end and prospects for the 
forthcoming year are included in the Chairman and Chief Executive’s 
Review and the Strategic Report. These reports can be found on 
pages 2 to 19 and should be read in conjunction with this report.

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES
The principal activities of the Group during the year were property 
investment and development, as well as investment in joint ventures 
and an associated company. The associated company is Bisichi PLC 
(Bisichi) in which the Company holds a 41.6% interest. Bisichi is 
listed on the main market of the London Stock Exchange and 
operates in England and South Africa with subsidiaries which are 
involved in overseas mining and mining investment. The results, 
together with the assets and liabilities, of Bisichi are consolidated 
with those of LAP in accordance with the terms of IFRS 10 even 
though the Group only has a minority interest – under IFRS 10 the 
58.4% majority interest is disclosed as a “non-controlling interest”.

BUSINESS REVIEW AND POST BALANCE SHEET 
EVENTS
A review of the Group’s development and performance can be 
found below and should be read in conjunction with the Strategic 
Report on pages 4 to 19.

Details of any post balance sheet events are disclosed in Note 30 to 
the financial statements.

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
The Group continues to look for new opportunities to acquire real 
estate assets where it feels it can increase value by applying its intensive 
management skills. At the same time, it seeks to reduce its interest 
payments on its loans as they expire or where opportunities arise to 
refinance on better terms. We also seek to improve our existing estate 
through the continued pursuit of asset management initiatives.

PROPERTY ACTIVITIES
The Group is a long-term investor in property. It acquires properties, 
actively manages those assets to improve rental income, and thus 
seeks to enhance the value of its properties over time. 

In reviewing performance, the principal areas regularly monitored by 
the Group include:

•   Rental income – the aim of the Group is to maximise the 
maintainable income from each property by careful tenant 
management supported by sympathetic and revenue enhancing 
development. Income may be affected adversely by the inability 
of tenants to pay their rent, but careful monitoring of rent 
collection and tenant quality helps to mitigate this risk. Risk is also 
minimised by a diversified tenant base, which should limit the 
impact of the failure of any individual tenant.

•   Developments – the Group develops customer-focused spaces 
to generate returns and portfolio income growth above that 
available from standing investments alone.

•   Cash flow – allowing for voids, acquisitions, development 

expenditure, disposals and the impact of operating costs and 
interest charges, the Group aims to maintain a positive cash flow 
over time.

•   Financing costs – the exposure of the Group to interest rate 
movements is managed partly by the use of swap and cap 
arrangements, where appropriate (see Note 22 for full details of 
the contracts in place) and also by using loans with fixed terms 
and interest rates. These arrangements are designed to ensure 
that our interest costs are known in advance and are always 
covered by anticipated rental income.

•   Property valuations – market sentiment and economic conditions 

have a direct effect on property valuations, which can vary 
significantly (upwards or downwards) over time. Bearing in mind 
the long term nature of the Group’s business, valuation changes 
have little direct effect on the ongoing activities or the income 
and expenditure of the Group. Tenants generally have long term 
leases, so rents are unaffected by short term valuation changes. 
Borrowings are secured against property values and if those 
values fall very significantly, this could limit the ability of the 
Group to develop the business using external borrowings. The 
risk is minimised by trying to ensure that there is adequate cover 
to allow for fluctuations in value on a short term basis. 

It continues to be the policy of the Group to realise property assets 
when the valuation of those assets reaches a level at which the 
directors consider that the long-term rental yield has been reached. 
The Group also seeks to acquire additional property investments on 
an opportunistic basis when the potential rental yields offer scope 
for future growth.

INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES
The investments in joint ventures and Bisichi are for the long term.

LAP manages the UK property assets of Bisichi. However, the 
principal activity of Bisichi is overseas mining investment (in South 
Africa). While IFRS 10 requires the consolidation of Bisichi, the 
investment is held to generate income and capital growth over the 
longer term. It is managed independently of LAP and should be 
viewed by shareholders as an investment and not a subsidiary. The 
other listed investments are held as current assets to provide the 
liquidity needed to support the property activities while generating 
income and capital growth. 

Investments in property are made through joint ventures when the 
financing alternatives and spreading of risk make such an approach 
desirable. 

DIVIDEND
In the light of the current uncertain economic environment, the 
directors are not recommending payment of a final dividend for 
2023 (2022: Nil per share). 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 21

GOVERNANCE

Directors’ report

GOVERNANCE Directors’ report

THE COMPANY’S ORDINARY SHARES HELD IN 
TREASURY
At 31 December 2023, 216,715 (2022: 216,715) ordinary shares 
were held in Treasury with a market value of £27,089 (2022: £43,343).

Treasury shares held at 1 January 2023 
and 31 December 2023

216,715

No shares (2022: nil) were issued to employees in the year in place 
of cash for dividends associated with shares held within the share 
incentive plan.

Treasury shares are not included in issued share capital for the 
purposes of calculating earnings per share or net assets per share 
and they do not qualify for dividends payable.

PROPERTIES
The freehold and long leasehold investment properties of the Company, 
its subsidiaries, Dragon and Bisichi were revalued as at 31 December 
2023 by independent professional firms of chartered surveyors 
– Allsop LLP, London (70.2 per cent of the portfolio), Carter Towler, 
Leeds (29.8 per cent). The valuations, which are reflected in the 
financial statements, amount to £35.1 million (2022: £35.6 million). 

Property of £8.9 million (2022: £22.9 million) is included under 
inventory, current assets, at the lower of cost or net realisable value, 
Orchard Square Sheffield which was held at £14.75 million in 2022 
was disposed in 2023.

Taking account of prevailing market conditions, there was no 
material change to the valuation of the properties at 31 December 
2023 (2022: decrease of £0.1 million). The proportion of this 
revaluation attributable to the Group (net of taxation) is reflected in 
the consolidated income statement and the consolidated balance 
sheet. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 
Note 22 to the financial statements sets out the risks in respect of 
financial instruments. The board reviews and agrees overall treasury 
policies, delegating appropriate authority for applying these policies 
to the Chief Executive and Finance Director. Financial instruments 
are used to manage the financial risks facing the Group and 
speculative transactions are prohibited. Treasury operations are 
reported at each board meeting and are subject to weekly internal 
reporting. Hedging arrangements are in place for the Company, its 
subsidiaries and joint ventures in order to limit the effect of higher 
interest rates upon the Group. Where appropriate, hedging 
arrangements are covered in the Chairman and Chief Executive’s 
Statement and the Financial Review. 

DIRECTORS
J A Heller, J Mintz, H D Goldring, C A Parritt and R Priest were 
Directors of the company for the whole of 2023. 

Sir Michael Heller was a Director of the company until his death 
on 30 January 2023.

A R Heller was appointed as a non-executive by the Board on 29 
March 2023. Andrew Heller is the Chairman and Managing Director 
of Bisichi PLC in which LAP holds a 41.6% stake and has valuable 
mining expertise which strengthens the skill base of the Board. His 
knowledge and experience bring a vital perspective to an important 
investment for the Group. 

C A Parritt and J A Heller are retiring by rotation at the Annual 
General Meeting in 2024 and offer themselves for re-election. 

22  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

Clive Parritt has been a director since January 2006 and has a 
contract of service determinable upon three months’ notice and is 
the senior independent director and chairman of the audit, 
nomination and remuneration committees. He is a chartered 
accountant with over 40 years’ experience in providing strategic, 
financial and commercial advice to business. His financial knowledge 
and broad commercial experience are of significant benefit to the 
business. The board has considered the re-appointment of Clive 
Parritt and recommends his re-election as a director.

John Heller has been a director since 1998 and was appointed chief 
executive in September 2001. He has a contract of employment 
determinable upon twelve months’ notice. The board has considered 
the re-appointment of John Heller and recommends his re-election 
as a director.

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS 
The interests of the Directors in the ordinary shares of the Company, 
including family and trustee holdings, where appropriate, can be 
found on page 29 in the Annual Remuneration Report. 

Substantial shareholdings 

31 DEC 2023

31 DEC 2022

NO.
48,080,880
7,513,214

Heller family
Stonehage Fleming 
Investment 
Management Ltd
James Hyslop
5,136,258
Maland Pension Fund 3,000,000 

%

NO.

%
56.35 48,080,880 56.35
8.81
7,513,214

8.81

6.02
3.52 

5,136,258
2,885,000

6.02
3.38

The Company does not consider that the Heller family has a controlling 
share interest irrespective of the number of shares held as no 
individual party holds a majority and there is no legal obligation for 
shareholders to act in concert. The Directors do not consider that 
any single party has control.

The Company is not aware of any other holdings exceeding 3 per cent 
of the issued share capital.

SHARE CAPITAL AND TAKEOVER DIRECTIVE
The Company has one class of share capital, namely ordinary shares. 
Each ordinary share carries one vote. All the ordinary shares rank 
pari passu. There are no securities issued by the Company which 
carry special rights with regard to control of the Company. 

The identity of all significant direct or indirect holders of securities 
in the Company and the size and nature of their holdings is shown 
in “Substantial Shareholdings” above.

The rights of the ordinary shares to which the HMRC approved 
Share Incentive Plan relates are exercisable by the trustees on 
behalf of the employees.

There are no restrictions on voting rights or on the transfer of ordinary 
shares in the Company, save in respect of treasury shares. The rules 
governing the appointment and replacement of Directors, alteration 
of the articles of association of the Company and the powers of the 
Company’s Directors accord with usual English company law provisions. 
Each Director is subject to re-election at least every three years. 

The Company is not party to any significant agreements that take 
effect, alter or terminate upon a change of control of the Company 
following a takeover bid. The Company is not aware of any agreements 
between holders of its ordinary shares that may result in restrictions 
on the transfer of its ordinary shares or on voting rights.

There are no agreements between the Company and its Directors or 
employees providing for compensation for loss of office or employment 
that occurs because of a takeover bid.

 
GOVERNANCE Directors’ report

STATEMENT AS TO DISCLOSURE OF 
INFORMATION TO THE AUDITOR
The Directors in office at the date of approval of the financial 
statements have confirmed that, so far as they are aware, there is 
no relevant audit information of which the auditor is unaware. Each 
of the Directors has confirmed that they have taken all the steps 
that they ought to have taken as a Director in order to make them 
aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that it has 
been communicated to the auditor. 

INDEMNITIES AND INSURANCE 
The Articles of Association of the company provide for it to 
indemnify, to the extent permitted by law, directors and officers 
(excluding the Auditor) of the company, including officers of 
subsidiaries and associated companies, against liabilities arising from 
the conduct of the Group’s business. The indemnities are qualifying 
third party indemnity provisions of the Companies Act 2006 and 
each of these qualifying third party indemnities was in force during 
the course of the financial year ended 31 December 2023 and as at 
the date of this Directors’ report. No amount has been paid under 
any of these indemnities during the year.

The Group maintains Directors and Officers insurance, which is 
reviewed annually and is considered to be adequate by the 
Company and its insurance advisers.

DONATIONS
No political donations were made during the year (2022: £Nil). 

No donations for charitable purposes were made during the year 
(2022: £Nil).

CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY

Environment
The environmental considerations of the group’s South African coal 
mining operations are covered in the Bisichi PLC Strategic Report.

The group’s UK activities are principally property investment 
whereby premises are provided for rent to commercial businesses. 
The group seeks to provide those tenants with good quality 
premises from which they can operate in an efficient and 
environmentally efficient manner and waste re-cycling arrangements 
are in place at all the company’s locations.

Greenhouse gas emissions
Details of the group’s greenhouse gas emissions for the year ended 
31 December 2023 can be found on page 17 of the Strategic Report.

Employment
The group’s policy is to attract staff and motivate employees by offering 
competitive terms of employment. The group provides equal 
opportunities to all employees and prospective employees including 
those who are disabled. The Bisichi PLC Strategic Report gives details of 
the Bisichi group’s activities and policies concerning the employment, 
training, health and safety and community support and social 
development concerning the Bisichi group’s employees in South Africa.

Section 172 statement
This is contained within the Strategic Report on page 8.

GOING CONCERN
The directors have reviewed the cash flow forecasts of the Group 
and the underlying assumptions on which they are based. The 
Group’s business activities, together with the factors likely to affect 
its future development, are set out in the Chairman’s Statement 
and Chief Executive’s Review and in the Financial and Performance 
Review. In addition, note 22 to the financial statements sets out 
the Group’s objectives, policies and processes for managing its 
capital; its financial risk management objectives; details of its 
financial instruments and hedging activities; and its exposure to 
credit risk and liquidity risk.

With secured banking facilities, sound financial resources, low void 
rates and long term leases in place the Directors believe it remains 
appropriate to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in 
preparing the annual financial statements.

The Bisichi directors continue to adopt the going concern basis of 
accounting in preparing the Bisichi annual financial statements.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The Corporate governance report can be found on pages 24 and 25 
of the annual report and accounts.

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
The Annual General Meeting will be held at Meeting Room 2, 12 
Charles II Street, St James, London SW1Y 4QU on Wednesday 26 
June 2024 at 10.30 a.m. Items 1 to 7 will be proposed as ordinary 
resolutions. More than 50 per cent. of shareholders’ votes cast at the 
meeting must be in favour for those ordinary resolutions to be passed. 
The Directors consider that all of the resolutions to be put to the 
meeting are in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders 
as a whole and accordingly the board unanimously recommends that 
shareholders vote in favour of all of the resolutions as the Directors 
intend to do in respect of their own beneficial holdings of ordinary 
shares. Please note that the following paragraphs are only summaries 
of certain of the resolutions to be proposed at the Annual General 
Meeting and do not represent the full text of the resolutions. You 
should therefore read this section in conjunction with the full text of 
the resolutions contained in the notice of Annual General Meeting 
which accompanies this Directors’ Report.

ORDINARY RESOLUTIONS

Resolution 7 – Authority to allot securities
Paragraph 7.1.1 of Resolution 7 would give the Directors the authority 
to allot shares in the Company and grant rights to subscribe for or 
convert any security into shares in the Company up to an aggregate 
nominal value of £2,844,200. This represents approximately 1/3 (one 
third) of the ordinary share capital of the Company in issue (excluding 
treasury shares) as at 24 April 2024 (being the last practicable date 
prior to the publication of this Directors’ Report).

In line with guidance issued by the Institutional Voting Information 
Service (IVIS), paragraph 7.1.2 of Resolution 7 would give the directors 
the authority to allot shares in the Company and grant rights to 
subscribe for or convert any security into shares in the Company up to 
a further aggregate nominal value of £2,844,200, in connection with 
an offer by way of a rights issue. This amount represents approximately 
another 1/3 (one third) of the ordinary share capital of the Company in 
issue (excluding treasury shares) as at 24 April 2024 (being the last 
practicable date prior to the publication of this Directors’ Report).

The Directors’ authority will expire on the earlier of 31 August 2025 
or the next AGM. The Directors do not currently intend to make use 
of this authority. However, if they do exercise the authority, the 
Directors intend to follow best practice as recommended by the 
IVIS regarding its use (including as regards the Directors standing for 
re-election in certain cases).

OTHER MATTERS
Kreston Reeves LLP has acted as auditor throughout the year and 
has expressed its willingness to continue in office. A proposal will be 
made at the Annual General Meeting for its reappointment.

By order of the board 

Jonathan Mintz 
Secretary

For and on behalf of London & Associated Properties PLC 
2nd Floor, 12 Little Portland Street 
London, W1W 8BJ 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 23

GOVERNANCE
GOVERNANCE
Corporate Governance

The Company has adopted the Corporate Governance 
Code for Small and Mid-Size Quoted Companies 
(the QCA Code) published by the Quoted Companies 
Alliance. The QCA Code provides governance 
guidance to small and mid-size quoted companies. 
The paragraphs below set out how the Company 
has applied this guidance during the year. The 
Company has complied with the QCA Code 
throughout the year. 

PRINCIPLES OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The board promotes good corporate governance in the areas of risk 
management and accountability as a positive contribution to business 
prosperity. The board endeavours to apply corporate governance 
principles in a sensible and pragmatic fashion having regard to the 
circumstances of the business. The key objective is to enhance and 
protect shareholder value.

BOARD STRUCTURE
During the year the board comprised the Chairman, the Chief Executive, 
one other executive Director and three non-executive Directors. 
Their details appear on page 22. The board is responsible to 
shareholders for the proper management of the Group.

The Directors’ responsibilities statement in respect of the accounts is set 
out on page 36. The non-executive Directors have a particular responsibility 
to ensure that the strategies proposed by the executive Directors are 
fully considered. To enable the board to discharge its duties, all Directors 
have full and timely access to all relevant information and there is a 
procedure for all Directors, in furtherance of their duties, to take 
independent professional advice, if necessary, at the expense of the 
Group. The board has a formal schedule of matters reserved to it and 
normally has eleven regular meetings scheduled each year. Additional 
meetings are held for special business when required. 

The board is responsible for overall Group strategy, approval of 
major capital expenditure and consideration of significant financial 
and operational matters.

The board committees, which have written terms of reference, deal 
with specific aspects of the Group’s affairs: 

•   The nomination committee is chaired by C A Parritt and 

comprises one other non-executive Director and the executive 
Chairman. The committee is responsible for proposing candidates 
for appointment to the board, having regard to the balance and 
structure of the board. In appropriate cases recruitment 
consultants may be used to assist the process. All Directors are 
subject to re-election at a maximum of every three years.

•   The remuneration committee is responsible for making 

recommendations to the board on the Company’s framework of 
executive remuneration and its cost. The committee determines 
the contract terms, remuneration and other benefits for each of 
the executive directors, including performance related bonus 
schemes, pension rights, option grants and compensation 
payments. The board itself determines the remuneration of the 
non-executive Directors. The committee comprises two non-
executive Directors and it is chaired by C A Parritt. The executive 
Chairman of the board is normally invited to attend. The Annual 
Remuneration Report is set out on pages 27 to 31.

24  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

•   The audit committee comprises two non-executive Directors and 
is chaired by C A Parritt. The audit committee report, with its 
terms of reference, is set out on pages 34 to 35. The Chief 
Executive and Finance Director are normally invited to attend.

BOARD AND BOARD COMMITTEE MEETINGS 
HELD IN 2023
The number of regular meetings during the year and attendance 
was as follows:

Sir Michael Heller 
(resigned 30 
January 2023)

J A Heller* 

J Mintz* 

C A Parritt

H D Goldring 

R Priest
A Heller 
(appointed 29 
March 2023)

Board

Nomination committee

Remuneration committee
Board

Audit committee
Board

Audit committee
Board

Audit committee

Nomination committee

Remuneration committee
Board

Audit committee

Nomination committee

Remuneration committee
Board
Board

MEETINGS 
HELD
1

MEETINGS 
ATTENDED
0

0

0
10

2
10

2
10

2

1

2
10

2

1

2
10
8

0

0
10

2
10

2
10

2

1

2
9

2

1

2
10
8

*Attended audit committee by invitation.

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION – BOARD, 
BOARD COMMITTEES AND DIRECTORS
The performance of the board as a whole, its committees and the 
non-executive Directors is assessed by the Chairman and the Chief 
Executive and is discussed with the senior independent non-
executive Director. Their recommendations are discussed at the 
nomination committee prior to proposals for re-election being 
recommended to the board. The performance of executive 
Directors is discussed and assessed by the remuneration committee. 
The senior independent Director meets regularly with the Chairman, 
executive and non-executive Directors individually outside of formal 
meetings. The Directors will take outside advice in reviewing 
performance but have not found this to be necessary to date.

COMMUNICATION WITH SHAREHOLDERS
Prompt communication with shareholders is given high priority. 
Extensive information about the Group and its activities is provided 
in the Annual Report. In addition, a half-year report is produced for 
each financial year and published on the Company’s website. The 
Company’s website www.lap.co.uk is updated promptly with 
announcements and Annual Reports upon publication. Copies from 
previous years are also available on the website. 

The share price history and market information can be found at 
https://www.londonstockexchange.com/stock/LAS/london-
associated-properties-plc/company-page. The company code is LAS. 

There is a regular dialogue with the Company’s stockbrokers and 
institutional investors. Enquiries from individuals on matters relating 
to their shareholdings and the business of the Group are dealt with 
promptly and informatively.

The Company’s website is under continuous development to enable 
better communication with both existing and potential new 
shareholders. 

THE BRIBERY ACT 2010
The Company is committed to acting ethically, fairly and with 
integrity in all its endeavours and compliance with the Company’s 
anti–bribery code is monitored closely. 

GOVERNANCE Corporate Governance

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS
The senior independent non-executive Director is C A Parritt. The 
other non-executive Directors are H D Goldring, R Priest and A R 
Heller. R Priest provides services to the Company on a fee paying 
basis. C A Parritt also provides some advisory services as part of his 
accounting practice.

The board encourages all four non-executive Directors to act 
independently and does not consider that length of service of any 
individual non-executive Director, has resulted in the inability or 
failure to act independently. In the opinion of the board C A Parritt, 
H D Goldring and R Priest continue to fulfil their roles as 
independent non-executive Directors. The background and skills of 
all non-executive directors are set out on page 20.

The Directors are responsible for the Group’s system of internal 
control and for reviewing its effectiveness at least annually, and for 
the preparation and review of its financial statements. The board 
has designed the Group’s system of internal control in order to 
provide the Directors with reasonable assurance that assets are 
safeguarded, that transactions are authorised and properly recorded 
and that material errors and irregularities are either prevented or 
would be detected within a timely period. However, no system of 
internal control can eliminate the risk of failure to achieve business 
objectives or provide absolute assurance against material 
misstatement or loss. The key elements of the control system in 
operation are:

•   The board meets regularly on full notice with a formal schedule of 

matters reserved for its decision and has put in place an 
organisational structure with clearly defined lines of responsibility 
and with appropriate delegation of authority;

•   There are established procedures for planning, approval and 

monitoring of capital expenditure and information systems for 
monitoring the Group’s financial performance against approved 
budgets and forecasts;

•   The responsible executives are required regularly to undertake a 

full assessment process to identify and quantify the risks that face 
the functional activities for which they are responsible and assess 
the adequacy of the prevention, monitoring and modification 
practices in place for those risks. In addition, regular reports about 
significant risks and associated control and monitoring procedures 
are made to the executive Directors. The process adopted by the 
Group accords with the guidance contained in the document 
“Internal Control Guidance for Directors on the Combined Code” 
issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and 
Wales. The audit committee receives reports from external 
auditors and from executive Directors of the Group. During the 
period the audit committee has reviewed the effectiveness of the 
system of internal control as described above. The board receives 
periodic reports from all committees.

•   There are established procedures for the presentation and review 

of the financial statements and the Group has in place an 
organisational structure with clearly defined lines of responsibility 
and with appropriate delegation of authority.

There are no internal control issues to report in the annual report 
and financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2023. Up 
to the date of approval of this report and the financial statements, 
the board has not been required to deal with any related material 
internal control issues. The Directors confirm that the board has 
reviewed the effectiveness of the system of internal control as 
described during the period.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 25

GOVERNANCE
GOVERNANCE
Governance statement by the  
Chairman of the remuneration committee

The remuneration committee is pleased to present 
its report for the year ended 31 December 2023. 
The report is presented in two parts in accordance 
with the remuneration regulations.

The first part is the Annual Remuneration Report which details 
remuneration awarded to Directors and non-executive Directors 
during the year. The shareholders will be asked to approve the 
Annual Remuneration Report as an ordinary resolution (as in 
previous years) at the AGM in June 2024

The second part is the Remuneration Policy which details the 
remuneration policy for Directors, and it can be found at www.lap.
co.uk.

The current remuneration policy was subject to a binding vote 
which was approved by shareholders at the AGM in June 2023. The 
approval will continue to apply for a 3-year period commencing 
from then. The committee reviewed the existing policy and deemed 
that no changes were necessary to the current arrangements.

Both reports have been prepared in accordance with The Large and 
Medium-sized Companies and Groups (Accounts and Reports) 
(Amendment) Regulations 2013.

The Company’s auditor, Kreston Reeves LLP is required by law to 
audit certain disclosures and where disclosures have been audited 
that is indicated in the independent auditor’s report.

C A Parritt 
Chairman, Remuneration Committee

29 April 2024

26  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

GOVERNANCE
Annual remuneration report

THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION HAS BEEN AUDITED 
Single total figure of remuneration for the year ended 31 December 2023  

SALARY 
AND FEES
£’000

BONUSES
£’000

BENEFITS
£’000

LONG TERM 
INCENTIVE 
AWARDS
£’000

PENSIONS
£’000

TOTAL 
2023
£’000 

TOTAL FIXED 
REMUNERA-
TION
£’000 

TOTAL  
VARIABLE 
REMUNERA-
TION 
£’000 

Executive Directors
Sir Michael Heller* 
(resigned 30 January 2023)
Sir Michael Heller - Bisichi
J A Heller*
J A Heller - Bisichi
J Mintz

Non-executive Directors
H D Goldring*+
C A Parritt*+
R Priest*
A R Heller*
A R Heller - Bisichi

Total 

1

17
558
-
179
755

18
38
35
-
850
941
1,694

-

-
-
-
70
70

-
-
-
-
-
-
70

7

-
45
9
13
74

-
-
-
-
50
50
124

-

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-

-
36
-
17
53

-
-
-
-
85
85
138

8

17
639
9
279
952

18
38
35
-
985
1,076
2,028

8

17
639
9
209
882

18
38
35
-
985
1,076
1,958

-

-
-
-
70
70

-
-
-
-
-
-
17

J A Heller has an entitlement to an employer pension contribution of £33,075 for 2023 (2022: £33,075). He has elected for this not to be 
paid at this time. 

Single total figure of remuneration for the year ended 31 December 2022 

SALARY  

AND FEES
£’000

BONUSES
£’000

BENEFITS
£’000

LONG TERM 
INCENTIVES
AWARDS
£’000

PENSIONS
£’000 

TOTAL 
2022
£’000 

TOTAL FIXED 
REMUNERA-
TION
£’000 

TOTAL VARI-
ABLE REMU-
NERATION 
£’000 

Executive Directors
Sir Michael Heller*
Sir Michael Heller - Bisichi
J A Heller
J Mintz

Non-executive Directors
H D Goldring+
C A Parritt*+
R Priest*

Total 

7
200
558
168
933

17
37
35
89
1,022

-
580
-
70
650

-
-
-
-
650

74
-
38
10
122

-
-
-
-
122

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
33
16
49

-
-
-
-
49

81
780
629
264
1,754

17
37
35
89
1,843

81
200
629
194
1,104

17
37
35
89
1,193

-
580
-
70
650

-
-
-
-
650

*  Note 26 “Related party transactions”
+    Members of the remuneration committee for years ended 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2023. C A Parritt was the chair of the remuneration committee 

throughout both years.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 27

GOVERNANCE Governance statement by the Chairman of the remuneration committee

Benefits include the provision of car, health and other insurance and 
subscriptions.

JA Heller and AR Heller are interested in a number of private property 
companies that receive services from the Company’s property agents 
– see Note 25 to the financial statements “Related party transactions”.

Sir Michael Heller received reduced remuneration in respect of his 
services to LAP.  However the Company supplied services to a 
number of companies in which Sir Michael Heller had an interest. 
The Board estimates that the value of these services, if supplied to a 
third party would have been £25,000 (2022 - £300,000).

J A Heller is a director of Dragon Retail Properties Limited, (a 
subsidiary for IFRS 10 purposes) and received benefits from that 
company of £10,404 (2022: £3,404) for services. This is included in 
the remuneration figures disclosed above. 

Summary of directors’ terms

In March 2023, J A Heller became a non-executive director of 
Bisichi PLC, (a subsidiary for IFRS 10 purposes) and received a 
benefit from that company of £9,333 (2022: £Nil). He didn’t receive 
any other remuneration or a bonus from Bisichi PLC.

The remuneration figures for C A Parritt include fees paid to his 
accountancy practice for consultancy services provided to the 
Group. This is detailed in Note 26 to the financial statements.

R Priest provides consultancy services to the Group. This is detailed 
in Note 26 to the financial statements.

A R Heller, who is the Chairman & Managing Director of Bisichi PLC, 
(a subsidiary for IFRS 10 purposes) became a non-executive director 
of LAP on 29 March 2023 but he did not receive any remuneration 
from LAP during 2023.

DATE OF  

CONTRACT

UNEXPIRED TERM

NOTICE PERIOD

1 May 2003
11 February 2019

1 July 1992
1 January 2006
31 July 2013
29 March 2023

Continuous
Continuous

Continuous
Continuous
Continuous
Continuous

12 months
3 months

3 months
3 months
3 months
3 months

The SIP is set up as an employee benefit trust. The trustee is 
London & Associated Securities Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary 
of LAP, and all shares and dividends acquired under the SIP will be 
held by the trustee until transferred to members in accordance with 
the rules of the SIP. 

SHARE OPTION SCHEMES
The Company has an HMRC approved scheme (Approved Scheme). It 
was set up in 1986 in accordance with HMRC rules to gain HMRC 
approved status which gave the members certain tax advantages. There 
are no performance criteria for the exercise of options under the 
Approved Scheme, as this was set up before such requirements were 
considered to be necessary. No Director has any options outstanding 
under the Approved Scheme nor were any options granted under the 
Approved Scheme for the year ended 31 December 2023.

A share option scheme known as the “Non-approved Executive Share 
Option Scheme” (Unapproved Scheme) which does not have HMRC 
approval was set up during 2000. At 31 December 2023 there were 
no options to subscribe for ordinary shares outstanding. The exercise 
of options under the Unapproved Scheme is subject to the satisfaction 
of objective performance conditions specified by the remuneration 
committee which conforms to institutional shareholder guidelines and 
best practice provisions. Further details of this scheme are set out in 
Note 24 “Share Capital” to the financial statements.

PAYMENTS TO PAST DIRECTORS 
No payments were made to past Directors in the year ended 31 
December 2023 (2022: none).

PAYMENTS FOR LOSS OF OFFICE
No payments for loss of office were made in the year ended 31 
December 2023 (2022: none). 

Executive Directors
John Heller
Jonathan Mintz

Non-executive Directors
H D Goldring
C A Parritt
R Priest
A R Heller

TOTAL PENSION ENTITLEMENTS 
Two directors had benefits under money purchase schemes. Under 
his contract of employment, one Director was entitled to a regular 
employer contribution (currently £16,853 a year). Under his contract 
of employment, the other Director was entitled to a regular 
employer contribution (currently £33,075 a year) but has elected to 
defer the payment into his pension scheme. There are no final salary 
schemes in operation. No pension costs are incurred on behalf of 
non-executive Directors. There are no additional benefits payable to 
any Director in the event of early retirement.

SHARE INCENTIVE PLAN (SIP)
In 2006 the Directors set up an HMRC approved share incentive plan 
(SIP). The purpose of the plan, which is open to all eligible LAP executive 
Directors and head office based staff, is to enable them to acquire 
shares in the Company and give them a continuing stake in the Group. 

The SIP comprises four types of share – (1) free shares under which 
the Company may award shares of up to the value of £3,000 each 
year, (2) partnership shares, under which members may save up to 
£1,500 per annum to acquire shares, (3) matching shares, through 
which the Company may award up to two shares for each share 
acquired as a partnership share, and (4) dividend shares, acquired 
from dividends paid on shares within the SIP.

1.  Free shares: No free shares were issued in 2022 or 2023. 

2.  Partnership shares: No partnership shares were issued in 2022 

or 2023.

3.  Matching shares: The partnership share agreements for the year 
to 31 October 2023 provide for two matching shares to be 
awarded free of charge for each partnership share acquired. 

 No partnership shares were acquired in 2023 (2022: nil). 
Matching shares will usually be forfeited if a member leaves 
employment in the Group within five years of their grant.

4.  Dividend shares: Dividends on shares acquired under the SIP will 
be utilised to acquire additional shares. Accumulated dividends 
received on shares in the SIP to 31 December 2023 amounted to 
£nil (2022: £nil). J A Heller received no shares (2022: nil shares)
and no other Directors received dividend shares.

28  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

 
GOVERNANCE Governance statement by the Chairman of the remuneration committee

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ SHAREHOLDINGS AND SHARE INTERESTS

Directors’ interests
The interests of the Directors in the ordinary shares of the Company, including family and trustee holdings, where appropriate, were as follows:

Sir Michael Heller*
J A Heller 
J Mintz
H D Goldring
C A Parritt 
R Priest
A R Heller

* Resigned 30 January 2023
† These non-beneficial holdings are duplicated with those of Sir Michael Heller.
# These non-beneficial holdings are duplicated with those of J A Heller.

BENEFICIAL  
INTERESTS

NON-BENEFICIAL 
INTERESTS

31 DEC 23
-
1,872,410
100,000
19,819
36,168
-
816,874

1 JAN 23
5,749,341
1,872,410
100,000
19,819 
36,168
-
816,874

31 DEC 22
-
19,277,931
-
-
-
-
#19,277,931

1 JAN 22
19,277,931
†14,073,485
-
-
-
-
#14,073,485

The beneficial holdings of Directors shown above include their interests in the Share Incentive Plan.

No share awards were made to the Directors in the year, and accordingly no discretion was exercised in determining any award or bonus 
payment as a result of any share price appreciation.

There are no requirements or guidelines for any Director to own shares in the Company.

THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION IS UNAUDITED:
The graph illustrates the Company’s performance as compared with a broad equity market index over a five year period. Performance is 
measured by total shareholder return. The directors have chosen the FTSE All Share – Total Return Index as a suitable index for this 
comparison as it gives an indication of performance against a large spread of quoted companies. 

The middle market price of London & Associated Properties PLC ordinary shares at 31 December 2023 was 12.5p (2022: 20.0p). During 
the year the share middle market price ranged between 20.5p and 8.5p. 

Total Shareholder Return

130

120

110

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

Jan 1 9

M ar 1 9

M ay 1 9

Jul 1 9

Sep 1 9

N ov 1 9

Jan 2 0

M ar 2 0

M ay 2 0

Jul 2 0

Sep 2 0

N ov 2 0

Jan 2 1

M ar 2 1

M ay 2 1

Jul 2 1

Sep 2 1

N ov 2 1

Jan 2 2

M ar 2 2

M ay 2 2

Jul 2 2

Sep 2 2

N ov 2 2

Jan 2 3

M ar 2 3

M ay 2 3

Jul 2 3

Sep 2 3

N ov 2 3

Jan 2 4

      London & Associated Properties

        FTSE All Share Index

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 29

GOVERNANCE Governance statement by the Chairman of the remuneration committee

REMUNERATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OVER THE LAST TEN YEARS 

YEAR
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014

CEO
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller
J A Heller

CHIEF EXECUTIVE SINGLE  
TOTAL FIGURE OF  
REMUNERATION 
£’000
648
628
590
418
648
870
487
569
762
835

ANNUAL BONUS PAYMENT
AGAINST MAXIMUM 
OPPORTUNITY*
%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
20%
11%
18%
41%
49%

LONG-TERM INCENTIVE 
VESTING RATES 
AGAINST MAXIMUM 
OPPORTUNITY*
%
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

*There were no formal criteria or conditions to apply in determining the amount of bonus payable or the number of shares to be issued prior to 2014.

Considering the prevailing economic situation at the time the Chief Executive did not draw £185,000 (35%) of his salary in 2020.

PERCENTAGE CHANGE IN EXECUTIVE AND NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR REMUNERATION 
(AUDITED) 
The table below shows the percentage change in remuneration of the Directors undertaking the role of Chief Executive Officer, Finance 
Director and Non-Executive Directors and the average of Company’s colleagues in London & Associated Properties PLC on a full-time 
equivalent basis.

DIRECTOR

Executive:
Sir Michael Heller
J A Heller
J Mintz

Non-Executive:
H D Goldring
C A Parritt
R Priest
A R Heller
Colleague pay

BASE SALARY % 
CHANGE

2023

2022

BENEFITS %  
CHANGE

BONUSES %  
CHANGE

2023

2022

2023

2022

N/A
0%
7%

0%
0%
0%
N/A
7%

0%
5%
5%

0%
0%
0%
N/A
5%

N/A
42%
30%

0%
0%
0%
N/A
0%

9%
52%
25%

0%
0%
0%
N/A
7%

N/A
0%
0%

0%
0%
0%
N/A
8%

0%
0%
40%

0%
0%
0%
N/A
15%

RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF SPEND ON PAY
The total expenditure of the Group on remuneration to all employees (Note 27 refers) is shown below:

Employee Remuneration
Distributions to shareholders

2023
£’000 
8,590
0

2022
£’000 
13,676
0

30  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

GOVERNANCE Governance statement by the Chairman of the remuneration committee

STATEMENT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF 
REMUNERATION POLICY
The policy was approved at the AGM in June 2023 and was 
effective from 1 August 2020. The vote on the remuneration policy 
is binding in nature. The Company may not then make a 
remuneration payment or payment for loss of office to a person 
who is, is to be, or has been a director of the Company unless that 
payment is consistent with the approved remuneration policy, or 
has otherwise been approved by a resolution of members. It is to 

be presented for approval at the forthcoming AGM. During the year 
there were no deviations from the procedure for the 
implementation of the remuneration policy as set out in the policy.

CONSIDERATION BY THE DIRECTORS OF 
MATTERS RELATING TO DIRECTORS’ 
REMUNERATION
The Remuneration Committee considered the executive Directors’ 
remuneration and the Board considered the non-executive 
Directors’ remuneration in the year ended 31 December 2023. No 
increases were awarded and no external advice was taken in 
reaching this decision. The Company did not engage any consultants 
to provide advice or services to materially assist the remuneration 
committee’s considerations.

SHAREHOLDER VOTING
At the Annual General Meeting on 9 June 2023, there was an 
advisory vote on the resolution to approve the Remuneration 
Report, other than the part containing the remuneration policy.

In addition, on 9 June 2023, there was a binding vote on the resolution to approve the Remuneration Policy. The results are detailed below:

Resolution to approve the Remuneration Report (9 June 2023)
Resolution to approve the Remuneration Policy (9 June 2023)

% OF VOTES  
FOR 
99.04
94.20 

% OF VOTES  
AGAINST 
0.96
5.80 

NUMBER OF 
VOTES 
WITHHELD
2,912,265
2,452,265

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 31

GOVERNANCE
Remuneration policy summary

The remuneration policy summary below is an extract 
of the group’s current remuneration policy on directors’ 
remuneration (excluding Bisichi PLC), which was 
approved by a binding vote at the 2023 AGM. The 
approved policy took effect from 9 June 2023. 

A copy of the full policy can be found at www.lap.co.uk.

Notes to the Remuneration Policy
The remuneration committee considers the performance 
measures outlined in the table above to be appropriate 
measures of performance and that the KPIs chosen align the 
interests of the directors and shareholders

POLICY TABLE

PURPOSE

ELEMENT
Executive directors
Base salary 

To recognise:
Skills  
Responsibility 
Accountability  
Experience 
Value
To provide competitive retirement benefits

Pension 

POLICY

OPERATION

OPPORTUNITY AND PERFORMANCE CONDITIONS

Considered by remuneration committee on appointment
Set at a level considered appropriate to attract, retain, motivate  
and reward the right individuals

Reviewed annually whenever there is a change 

There is no prescribed maximum salary or maximum rate of increase, although any 

of role or operational responsibility

Paid monthly in cash

increase in excess of inflation is unlikely, unless there are changes in responsibility

No individual director will be awarded a base salary in excess of £675,000 a year

No specific performance conditions are attached to base salaries

Company contribution offered at up to 10% of base salary as part  
of overall remuneration package

The contribution payable by the Company is 

Company contribution offered at up to 10% of base salary as part of overall 

included in the director’s contract of employment 

remuneration package

Benefits 

To provide a competitive benefits package

Annual  
bonus

To reward and incentivise

Contractual benefits include:
Car or car allowance 
Group health cover 
Death in service cover 
Permanent health insurance
In assessing the performance of the executive team, and in particular  
to determine whether bonuses are merited the remuneration 
committee takes into account the overall performance of the business, 
as well as individual contribution to the business in the period

Share  
options 

To provide executive directors with 
a long-term interest in the company

Where it is necessary to attract, retain, motivate and reward the right 
individuals, the directors may establish new schemes to replace any 
expired schemes

Share incentive 
plan (SIP)

To offer a shorter term incentive in the 
company and to give directors a stake in  
the group

Non-executive directors 
Base salary

To recognise:
Skills 
Responsibility 
Experience 
Risk 
Value

Pension
Benefits
Share options

32  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

Offered to executive directors and head office staff

Maximum participation levels are set by HMRC Of any bonus awarded, Directors may opt to have maximum of £3,000 per year paid 

Considered by the board on appointment
Set at a level considered appropriate to attract, retain and motivate  
the individual 
Experience and time required for the role are considered on 
appointment

No pension offered
No benefits offered except in exchange for sacrificing fees. 
Non-executive directors do not participate in the share option schemes

Paid into money purchase schemes

No specific performance conditions are attached to pension contributions

The committee retains the discretion to approve 

The costs associated with benefits offered are closely controlled and reviewed on an 

changes in contractual benefits in exceptional 

annual basis

circumstances or where factors outside the 

control of the Group lead to increased costs  

(e.g. medical inflation)

No director will receive benefits of a value in excess of 30% of their base salary

No specific performance conditions are attached to contractual benefits

The remuneration committee is using its 

The current maximum bonus will not exceed 80% of base salary in any one year 

discretion to determine the level of bonus on an 

but the remuneration committee reserves the power to award up to 150% in an 

annual basis

exceptional year

In assessing performance consideration is given 

Performance conditions will be assessed on an annual basis

The performance measures applied may be financial, non-financial, corporate, 

divisional or individual and in such proportion as the remuneration committee 

considers appropriate

to the level of net rental income, cash flow, voids, 

realised development gains and income from 

managing joint ventures, as well as NAV changes. 

Achieved results are then compared with 

expectation taking account of market conditions

Bonuses are generally offered in cash or shares

remuneration committee

Offered at appropriate times by the  

The aggregate number of shares over which options may be granted under all of the 

company’s option schemes (including any options and awards granted under the 

company’s employee share plans) in any period of ten years, will not exceed, at the 

time of grant, 10% of the ordinary share capital of the company from time to time

Share options will be offered by the remuneration committee at their discretion and 

will be subject to appropriate performance criteria at the time.

in ‘Free Shares’ under the SIP scheme rules

Reviewed annually

No individual non-executive director will be awarded a base salary in excess of 

£50,000 a year

No performance conditions are attached to base salaries

GOVERNANCE Remuneration policy summary

In setting the policy, the Remuneration Committee has taken the 
following into account:

•   The need to attract, retain and motivate individuals of a calibre who 
will ensure successful leadership and management of the company

•   The LAP Group’s general aim of seeking to reward all employees 
fairly according to the nature of their role and their performance

•   Remuneration packages offered to similar companies within the 

treated as a subsidiary of the Group under the Companies Act 
2006, shall be entitled to pay, and any executive director of Bisichi 
PLC who is also a director of the Company, shall be entitled to 
retain, any remuneration permissible in accordance with Bisichi 
PLC’s remuneration policy. Any such remuneration will be (i) to the 
extent required, permitted by this remuneration policy and (ii) 
excluded from the calculation of any limits on remuneration under 
this remuneration policy. 

same sector

•   The need to align the interests of shareholders as a whole with 

the long-term growth of the Group; and

•   The need to be flexible and adjust with operational changes 

throughout the term of this policy

In addition to the entitlements set out above, Bisichi PLC, which is 

The remuneration of non-executive directors is determined by the 
board, and takes into account additional remuneration for services 
outside the scope of the ordinary duties of non-executive directors.

For details of remuneration of other company employees please see 
page 30.

POLICY TABLE

ELEMENT

PURPOSE

Executive directors

Base salary 

To recognise:

Skills  

Responsibility 

Accountability  

Experience 

Value

Pension 

To provide competitive retirement benefits

Company contribution offered at up to 10% of base salary as part  

of overall remuneration package

Benefits 

To provide a competitive benefits package

Contractual benefits include:

Car or car allowance 

Group health cover 

Death in service cover 

Permanent health insurance

Annual  

bonus

To reward and incentivise

In assessing the performance of the executive team, and in particular  

to determine whether bonuses are merited the remuneration 

committee takes into account the overall performance of the business, 

as well as individual contribution to the business in the period

Share  

options 

To provide executive directors with 

a long-term interest in the company

Where it is necessary to attract, retain, motivate and reward the right 

individuals, the directors may establish new schemes to replace any 

expired schemes

Share incentive 

To offer a shorter term incentive in the 

plan (SIP)

company and to give directors a stake in  

the group

Non-executive directors 

Base salary

To recognise:

Skills 

Responsibility 

Experience 

Risk 

Value

Pension

Benefits

Share options

Experience and time required for the role are considered on 

the individual 

appointment

No pension offered

No benefits offered except in exchange for sacrificing fees. 

Non-executive directors do not participate in the share option schemes

POLICY

OPERATION

OPPORTUNITY AND PERFORMANCE CONDITIONS

Considered by remuneration committee on appointment

Set at a level considered appropriate to attract, retain, motivate  

and reward the right individuals

Reviewed annually whenever there is a change 
of role or operational responsibility
Paid monthly in cash

There is no prescribed maximum salary or maximum rate of increase, although any 
increase in excess of inflation is unlikely, unless there are changes in responsibility
No individual director will be awarded a base salary in excess of £675,000 a year
No specific performance conditions are attached to base salaries

The contribution payable by the Company is 
included in the director’s contract of employment 
Paid into money purchase schemes
The committee retains the discretion to approve 
changes in contractual benefits in exceptional 
circumstances or where factors outside the 
control of the Group lead to increased costs  
(e.g. medical inflation)

The remuneration committee is using its 
discretion to determine the level of bonus on an 
annual basis
In assessing performance consideration is given 
to the level of net rental income, cash flow, voids, 
realised development gains and income from 
managing joint ventures, as well as NAV changes. 
Achieved results are then compared with 
expectation taking account of market conditions
Bonuses are generally offered in cash or shares
Offered at appropriate times by the  
remuneration committee

Company contribution offered at up to 10% of base salary as part of overall 
remuneration package
No specific performance conditions are attached to pension contributions
The costs associated with benefits offered are closely controlled and reviewed on an 
annual basis
No director will receive benefits of a value in excess of 30% of their base salary
No specific performance conditions are attached to contractual benefits

The current maximum bonus will not exceed 80% of base salary in any one year 
but the remuneration committee reserves the power to award up to 150% in an 
exceptional year
Performance conditions will be assessed on an annual basis
The performance measures applied may be financial, non-financial, corporate, 
divisional or individual and in such proportion as the remuneration committee 
considers appropriate

The aggregate number of shares over which options may be granted under all of the 
company’s option schemes (including any options and awards granted under the 
company’s employee share plans) in any period of ten years, will not exceed, at the 
time of grant, 10% of the ordinary share capital of the company from time to time
Share options will be offered by the remuneration committee at their discretion and 
will be subject to appropriate performance criteria at the time.

Offered to executive directors and head office staff

Maximum participation levels are set by HMRC Of any bonus awarded, Directors may opt to have maximum of £3,000 per year paid 

in ‘Free Shares’ under the SIP scheme rules

Considered by the board on appointment

Set at a level considered appropriate to attract, retain and motivate  

Reviewed annually

No individual non-executive director will be awarded a base salary in excess of 
£50,000 a year
No performance conditions are attached to base salaries

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 33

GOVERNANCE
GOVERNANCE
Audit committee report

The committee’s terms of reference have been 
approved by the board and follow published 
guidelines, which are available on request from the 
company secretary.

The audit committee’s primary tasks are to: 

•   review the scope of external audit, to receive regular reports from 

Kreston Reeves LLP and to review the half-yearly and annual 
accounts before they are presented to the board, focusing in 
particular on accounting policies and areas of management 
judgement and estimation;

MEETINGS
The committee meets at least twice a year prior to the publication 
of the annual results and discusses and considers the half year 
results prior to their approval by the board. The audit committee 
meetings are attended by the external audit partner, chief executive, 
finance director and company secretary. During the year the 
members of the committee also meet on an informal basis to 
discuss any relevant matters which may have arisen. Additional 
formal meetings may be held as necessary.

During the past year the committee:

•   met with the external auditors, and discussed their reports to the 

•    monitor the controls which are in force to ensure the integrity of 

audit committee;

the information reported to the shareholders;

•   act as a forum for discussion of internal control issues and 

contribute to the board’s review of the effectiveness of the Group’s 
internal control and risk management systems and processes; 

•   to review the risk assessments made by management, consider key 
risks with action taken to mitigate these and to act as a forum for 
discussion of risk issues and contribute to the board’s review of the 
effectiveness of the Group’s risk management control and processes; 

•  consider once a year the need for an internal audit function;

•   advise the board on the appointment of the external auditors, the 

rotation of the audit partner every five years and on their 
remuneration for audit work; discuss the nature and scope of 
their audit work and undertake a formal assessment of their 
independence each year, which includes:

i) 

 a review of non-audit services provided to the Group and 
related fees;

ii)    discussion with the auditors of their written report detailing 

all relationships with the Company and any other parties that 
could affect independence or the perception of 
independence;

iii)    a review of the auditors’ own procedures for ensuring the 
independence of the audit firm and partners and staff 
involved in the audit, including the regular rotation of the 
audit partner; and

iv)   obtaining a written confirmation from the auditors that, in 

their professional judgement, they are independent.

•   approved the publication of annual and half year financial results;

•   considered and approved the annual review of internal controls;

•   discussed the findings of the FRC’s Audit Quality Review (AQR) 

Inspection Report of the external auditor’s audit for 31 December 
2021, and noted the external auditor’s proposed actions;

•   decided that there was no current need for an internal audit 

function due to the scale of the business and processes in place;

•   agreed the independence of the auditors and approved their fees 
for audit services as set out in Note 2 to the financial statements; 

•   the chairman of the audit committee has also had separate 

meetings and discussions with the external audit partner; and

FINANCIAL REPORTING 
As part of its role, the Audit Committee assessed the audit findings 
that were considered most significant to the financial statements, 
including those areas requiring significant judgement and/or 
estimation. When assessing the identified financial reporting 
matters, the committee assessed quantitative materiality primarily 
by reference to the carrying value of the group’s total assets, given 
that the group operates a principally asset based business. When 
determining quantitative materiality, the Board also gave 
consideration to the value of revenues generated by the group and 
net asset value, given that they are key trading and business KPIs. 
The qualitative aspects of any financial reporting matters identified 
during the audit process were also considered when assessing their 
materiality. Based on the considerations set out above we have 
considered quantitative errors individually or in aggregate in excess 
of approximately £1.479 million in relation to the Group and £0.545 
million in relation to the parent company and £1.0 million for the 
Bisichi group to be material.

34  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

 
 
 
 
GOVERNANCE Audit committee report

EFFECTIVENESS OF THE EXTERNAL AUDIT 
PROCESS
Receiving high-quality and effective audit services is of paramount 
importance to the Committee. We continue to monitor carefully the 
effectiveness of the external auditor as well as their independence. 
We have full regard to the FRC’s Ethical Standard and ensure that 
our procedures and safeguards meet these standards.

The FRC’s AQR team completed an inspection of the audit of the 
financial statements of London & Associated Properties PLC for the 
year ended 31 December 2021. 

The Committee has carefully considered the findings that were 
raised in the AQR’s report and has concluded that these do not 
present any significant concerns on overall external audit 
effectiveness when taken with the external auditor’s response and 
proposed actions. None of the FRC comments suggest that the 
accounts for 2021 were in any way incorrect.

The external auditor produced a detailed audit planning report in 
preparation for the year-end financial statements, which included 
appropriate consideration of improvements to address the AQR 
findings.

The effectiveness review of the external auditor is considered as 
part of the Committee’s annual performance evaluation, which also 
examines the relationship and communications between the 
Committee and the external auditor. No issues were raised during 
that review. The Committee concluded that the Auditor was 
effective during the year and that the relationship and 
communications were open and constructive.

EXTERNAL AUDITOR
Kreston Reeves LLP has held office throughout the period under 
review. In the United Kingdom London & Associated Properties PLC 
provides extensive administration and accounting services to Bisichi 
PLC, which has its own audit committee and employs Kreston 
Reeves LLP as its auditor.

C A Parritt  
Chairman – Audit Committee

29 April 2024

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 35

GOVERNANCE
Directors’ responsibilities statement

DIRECTORS’ STATEMENT PURSUANT TO THE 
DISCLOSURE GUIDANCE AND TRANSPARENCY 
RULES
The Directors consider that the Annual Report and Accounts, taken 
as a whole, is fair, balanced and understandable and provides the 
information necessary for shareholders to assess the Group’s and 
Company’s position and performance, business model and strategy

Each of the directors, whose names and functions are listed on page 
22 confirm that, to the best of each person’s knowledge:

a.  the financial statements, prepared in accordance with the 

applicable set of accounting standards, give a true and fair view of 
the assets, liabilities, financial position and loss of the company 
and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a 
whole; and

b.  the Strategic Report contained in the Annual Report includes a 

fair review of the development and performance of the business 
and the position of the company and the undertakings included in 
the consolidation taken as a whole, together with a description of 
the principal risks and uncertainties that they face.

The directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of 
the corporate and financial information included on the London & 
Associated Properties PLC website. 

Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and 
dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in 
other jurisdictions. 

Directors are responsible for preparing the 
Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report, the 
Directors’ Remuneration Report and the financial 
statements in accordance with applicable law and 
regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare group and company 
financial statements for each financial year. The directors have 
elected under company law to prepare group financial statements in 
accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards. 
The directors have elected under company law to prepare the 
company financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom 
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom 
Accounting Standards and applicable law) including FRS 101 
“Reduced Disclosure Framework”.

The group financial statements are required by law and international 
accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006 and UK-adopted international financial 
reporting standards to present fairly the financial position and 
performance of the group; the Companies Act 2006 provides in 
relation to such financial statements that references in the relevant 
part of that Act to financial statements giving a true and fair view 
are references to their achieving a fair presentation.

Under company law the directors must not approve the financial 
statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair 
view of the state of affairs of the group and the company and of the 
profit or loss of the group for that period. 

In preparing each of the group and company financial statements, 
the directors are required to:

a.  select suitable accounting policies and then apply them 

consistently;

b.  make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable 

and prudent;

c.  for the group financial statements, state whether applicable 
UK-adopted international accounting standards have been 
followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and 
explained in the Financial Statements;

d.  for the company financial statements, state whether applicable 

UK accounting standards, comprising FRS101, have been 
followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and 
explained in the company financial statements;

e.  prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis 
unless it is inappropriate to presume that the group and the 
company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting 
records that are sufficient to show and explain the group’s and the 
company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at 
any time the financial position of the group and the company and 
enable them to ensure that the financial statements and the 
Directors’ Remuneration Report comply with the Companies Act 
2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the 
group and the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for 
the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

36  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

GOVERNANCE
Independent auditor’s report
TO THE SHAREHOLDERS OF LONDON & ASSOCIATED PROPERTIES PLC 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

OPINION

We have audited the financial statements of 
London & Associated Properties PLC (the ‘parent 
company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘Group’) for the 
year ended 31 December 2023 which comprise the 
consolidated income statement, consolidated 
statement of other comprehensive income, 
consolidated and company balance sheets, 
consolidated and company statements of changes 
in equity, consolidated cash flow statement and 
notes to the financial statements, including a 
summary of significant Group accounting policies. 
The financial reporting framework that has been 
applied in their preparation of the group financial 
statements is applicable law and UK adopted 
international accounting standards. The financial 
reporting framework that has been applied in the 
preparation of the parent company financial 
statements is applicable law and United Kingdom 
Accounting Standards, including FRS 101 Reduced 
Disclosure Framework (United Kingdom Generally 
Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion, the financial statements:

•   the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of 

the Group’s and of the parent company's affairs as at 31 December 
2023 and of the Group’s profit for the year then ended;

•   the group financial statements have been properly prepared in 

accordance with UK adopted international accounting standards; 

•   the parent company financial statements have been properly 

prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted 
Accounting Practice; and

•   the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with 

the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

BASIS FOR OPINION
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards 
on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities 
under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s 
responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of 
our report. We are independent of the Group in accordance with 
the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the 
financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard 
as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe 
that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and 
appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

CONCLUSIONS RELATING TO GOING CONCERN
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the 
Directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the 
preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Our evaluation of the directors’ assessment of the Group and Parent 
companies ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of 
accounting including the following:

•   We gained an understanding of the systems and controls around 

managements’ going concern assessment, including for the 
preparation and review process for forecasts and budgets.

•   We obtained evidence that management have undertaken a 

formal going concern assessment, including sensitivity analysis of 
cash flow forecasts, clear consideration of significant external 
factors including the impact of the war in Ukraine and the 
potential liquidity impact of such factors on cash balances 
including available facilities.

•   We have analysed the financial strength of the business at the 

year-end date.

•   We tested the mechanical integrity of the forecast model by 

checking the accuracy and completeness of the model, including 
challenging the appropriateness of estimates and assumptions 
with reference to empirical data and external evidence.

•   Based on our above assessment we performed our own 
sensitivity analysis in respect of the key assumptions 
underpinning the forecasts.

•   We considered the post year-end performance of the business, 

comparing this to budget as well as considering the development 
of key liquidity ratios in the business.

•   The group's banking facility documentation was reviewed to 
ensure that any covenants in place have not been breached.

•   We reviewed the adequacy and completeness of the disclosure 
included within the financial statements in respect of going 
concern.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any 
material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, 
individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the entity's 
ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve 
months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

In relation to the Group and Parent Company’s reporting on how 
they have applied the UK Corporate Governance Code, we have 
nothing material to add or draw attention to in relation to the 
directors’ statement in the financial statements about whether the 
directors considered it appropriate to adopt the going concern basis 
of accounting. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with 
respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of 
this report. However, because not all future events or conditions 
can be predicted, this statement is not a guarantee as to the Group’s 
and Parent Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 37

Independent auditor’s report

GOVERNANCE Independent auditor’s report

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 
The Listing Rules require us to review the directors’ statement in 
relation to going concern, longer-term viability and that part of the 
Corporate Governance Statement relating to the Group’s and 
Parent Company’s compliance with the provisions of the UK 
Corporate Governance Code specified for our review. 

•   Board’s confirmation that it has carried out a robust assessment 
of the emerging and principal risks set out on pages 9 to 10; 

•   The section of the Annual Report that describes the review of 
effectiveness of risk management and internal control systems 
set out on page 25 and 

•   The section describing the work of the Audit Committee set out 

Based on the work undertaken as part of our audit, we have 
concluded that each of the following elements of the Corporate 
Governance Statement is materially consistent with the financial 
statements or our knowledge obtained during the audit: 

•   Directors’ statement with regards to the appropriateness of 

adopting the going concern basis of accounting and any material 
uncertainties identified set out on page 23; 

•   Directors’ explanation as to its assessment of the company’s 

prospects, the period this assessment covers and why the period 
is appropriate set out on page 8; 

•   Directors’ statement on whether it has a reasonable expectation 
that the group will be able to continue in operation and meets its 
liabilities set out on page 8;

•   Directors’ statement that the annual report and accounts are fair, 

balanced and understandable set out on page 36;

OUR APPLICATION OF MATERIALITY

on page 35.

AN OVERVIEW OF THE SCOPE OF OUR AUDIT
As part of designing our audit, we determined materiality and 
assessed the risks of material misstatement in the financial 
statements. In particular, we looked at where the directors made 
subjective judgements, for example in respect of significant 
accounting estimates that involved making assumptions and 
considering future events that are inherently uncertain. As in all of 
our audits we also addressed the risk of management override of 
internal controls, including evaluating whether there was evidence 
of bias by the directors that represented a risk of material 
misstatement due to fraud.

GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Materiality

£1,479,000 (2022: £1,611,000)

£545,000 (2022: £548,000)

Basis for determining materiality

~3% of net assets

~3% of net assets

Rationale for benchmark applied

The group's principal activity is that 
of investment, management and 
development of industrial and retail 
property and, exploration and mining 
operation. To this end, the business 
is highly asset focused. Therefore, a 
benchmark for materiality of the net 
assets of the group is considered to be 
appropriate.

The parent company’s principal activity 
is that of investment, management and 
development of industrial and retail 
property. To this end, the business is highly 
asset focused. Therefore, a benchmark for 
materiality of the net assets of the group is 
considered to be appropriate.

Performance materiality 

£1,035,000 (2022: £1,128,000)

£381,000 (2022: £383,000)

Basis for determining performance 
materiality

Rationale for performance materiality 
applied

70% of materiality

70% of materiality

On the basis of our risk assessments, 
together with our assessment of the 
Group’s overall control environment, 
our judgement was that performance 
materiality was 70% of our planning 
materiality. In assessing the appropriate 
level, we consider the nature of the group 
and our previous experience of auditing 
the Group.

On the basis of our risk assessments, 
together with our assessment of the 
Company’s overall control environment, 
our judgement was that performance 
materiality was 70% of our planning 
materiality. In assessing the appropriate 
level, we consider the nature of the group 
and our previous experience of auditing 
the Company.

Triviality threshold 

£73,000 (2022: £81,000)

£27,000 (2022: £27,000)

Basis for determining triviality threshold

5% of materiality 

5% of materiality

38  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

GOVERNANCE Independent auditor’s report

We reported all audit differences found in excess of our triviality 
threshold to the directors and the Audit Committee.

For each Group company within the scope of our Group audit, we 
allocated a materiality that is less than our overall Group materiality. 
The range of materiality allocated across each Group company was 
between £46,000 and £828,761. The scope of our audit was 
influenced by our application of materiality as we set certain 
quantitative thresholds for performance materiality and use these 
thresholds as a consideration tool to help to determine the scope of 
our audit and the nature, timing and extent of our audit procedures 
on the individual financial statement line items and disclosures and 
in evaluating the effect of misstatements, both individually and in 
aggregate on the financial statements as a whole.

We determined component materiality for the parent company to 
be capped at below group materiality. This was also the case for 
group subsidiaries registered outside of the UK. For the subsidiaries, 
3% of that subsidiary’s gross assets or net assets was used. The 
gross assets or net assets have been used to calculate materiality for 
the subsidiaries as this is considered to be more appropriate in the 
circumstances. Performance materiality was calculated at 70% of 
component materiality. For the subsidiaries, their materiality and 
performance materiality were capped by group materiality and 
group performance materiality where appropriate.

COVERAGE OVERVIEW

GROUP 
REVENUE

GROUP 
PROFIT/
(LOSS) 
BEFORE TAX

GROUP NET 
ASSETS

100%

99.7%

99.8%

0.0%

100%

0.3%

100%

0.2%

100%

Full statutory audit 
(Kreston Reeves and 
BDO)

Limited procedures

Totals at 31 
December 2023:

We tailored the scope of our audit to ensure that we performed 
sufficient work to be able to give an opinion on the financial 
statements as a whole, taking into account the structure of the 
Group and the parent company, the accounting processes and 
controls, and the industry in which they operate.

Our scoping considerations for the Group audit were based both on 
financial information and risk. As noted above limited assurance 
audit work – which is to say the audit of balances and transactions 
material at a group level – was only applied in respect of a small 
element of the group. The below table summarises for the parent 
company, and its subsidiaries, the level of assurance gained:

GROUP COMPONENT

LEVEL OF ASSURANCE

London & Associated Properties PLC Full statutory audit 

Analytical Properties Limited

Orchard Square Limited

Dragon Retail Limited

West Ealing Projects Limited

Broadway Regen Limited

DP Pampisford Limited

Development Physics Limited

Bisichi PLC

Mineral Products Limited

Bisichi (Properties) Limited

Bisichi Northampton Limited

Bisichi Mining (Exploration) Limited

(Kreston Reeves LLP)

Full statutory audit 
(Kreston Reeves LLP)

Full statutory audit 
(Kreston Reeves LLP)

Full statutory audit 
(Kreston Reeves LLP)

Full statutory audit 
(Kreston Reeves LLP)

Full statutory audit 
(Kreston Reeves LLP)

Full statutory audit 
(Kreston Reeves LLP)

Full statutory audit 
(Kreston Reeves LLP)

Full statutory audit 
(Kreston Reeves LLP)

Full statutory audit 
(Kreston Reeves LLP)

Full statutory audit 
(Kreston Reeves LLP)

Full statutory audit 
(Kreston Reeves LLP)

Full statutory audit 
(Kreston Reeves LLP)

Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Limited

Full statutory audit (BDO 
South Africa Incorporated)

Sisonke Coal Processing (Pty) Limited Full statutory audit (BDO 
South Africa Incorporated)

All other group undertakings

Limited assurance 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 39

GOVERNANCE Independent auditor’s report

KEY AUDIT MATTERS
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the financial statements of 
the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) that we identified, 
including those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts 
of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming 
our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. This is not a complete list of all risks identified by our 
audit.

REVENUE RECOGNITION:

Significance and nature of key risk

How our audit addressed the key risk

Revenue is a key performance indicator for users in assessing 
the group’s financial statements. Revenue generated has 
a significant impact on cash inflows and profit before tax 
for the group. As such revenue is a key determinant in 
profitability and the group’s ability to generate cash.

Rental income revenue was recalculated based on the terms included 
in signed lease agreements. The recognition stages detailed in the 
relevant standards were carefully considered to ensure revenue 
recognised was in line with these and a substantive approach was 
taken.

Revenue comprises two key revenue streams: the property 
rental income and sale of coal.

Rental income is recognised in the Group income statement 
on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

Coal revenue is recognised when the customer has a legally 
binding obligation to settle under the terms of the contract.

Sales of coal and coal processing services in the period were tested 
from the trigger point of the sale to the point of recognition in the 
financial statements, corroborating this to contract sales or service 
terms and the recognition stages detailed in IFRS 15.

Cut-off of revenue was reviewed for sales of coal by analysing sales 
recorded during the period, before and after the financial year end 
and determining if the recognition applied was appropriate, whilst 
rental income cut-off has also been reviewed by analysing revenue 
recorded during the period, before and after the financial year end 
and determining if the recognition of the deferred income applied was 
appropriate. This also includes generating a proof in total of the income 
from the tenancy agreements and comparing to the income per the 
nominal ledger.

Walkthrough testing was performed to ensure that key systems and 
controls in place around the revenue cycle operated as designed.

The accuracy of revenue disclosures in the accounts were confirmed 
to be consistent with the revenue cycle observed and audited. The 
completeness of these disclosures was confirmed by reference to the 
full disclosure requirements as detailed in IFRS 15.

KEY OBSERVATIONS COMMUNICATED TO THE AUDIT COMMITTEE

We have no concerns over the material accuracy of revenue recognised in the financial statements.

VALUATION/IMPAIRMENT OF INVESTMENT PROPERTIES AND INVENTORY:

Significance and nature of key risk

How our audit addressed the key risk

Investment properties comprise freehold and long leasehold 
land and buildings, whilst properties classified as inventory are 
properties which are currently being developed. 

Investment properties are carried at fair value in accordance 
with IAS 40 and are revalued annually by professional external 
surveyors and included in the balance sheet at their fair value.  
Gains or losses arising from changes in the fair values of 
assets are recognised in the consolidated income statement 
in the period to which they relate.  In accordance with IAS 40, 
investment properties are not depreciated. 

Appropriate classification of each property was considered, IAS 40 
for investment properties, IAS 2 for inventory and IFRS 5 for non-
current assets held for sale, to ensure each property has been classified 
correctly and therefore accounted for and disclosed within these 
financial statements in accordance with the relevant standard.

External valuation reports were obtained and vouched to stated fair 
values. The competence and independence of the valuation experts 
was carefully considered to ensure that the reports they produce can 
be relied upon. 

The fair value of the head leases is the net present value of the 
current head rent payable on leasehold properties until the 
expiry of the lease.

A meeting was held with the valuers to challenge the assumptions 
in their report and discuss the movements in the values of specific 
properties.

Supporting calculations for the long leasehold land and buildings were 
reviewed to ensure they are materiality accurate, and any assumptions 
are considered to be reasonable.

KEY OBSERVATIONS COMMUNICATED TO THE AUDIT COMMITTEE

We have no concerns over the material accuracy of investment properties and inventory values recognised in the financial statements.

40  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

GOVERNANCE Independent auditor’s report

ORCHARD SQUARE LIMITED EXCLUSION FROM THE GROUP CONSOLIDATION AS AT YEAR END:

Significance and nature of key risk

How our audit addressed the key risk

Orchard Square Limited was one of the group’s subsidiaries 
whose operating results have historically been consolidated as 
part of the LAP Group accounts. 

During the year, it was established that Orchard Square Limited 
breached the Income cover ratio covenant on its £12.7 million 
loan with Phoenix CRE. This loan is non-recourse to the rest of 
the LAP Group. While the group had the option to address the 
breach, there was little prospect of recouping any equity, so it 
decided not to do so. 

Management decided that the LAP group no longer has exposure, 
or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with Orchard 
Square Limited and cannot be obliged to provide any further 
funds to Orchard Square Limited. On this basis, the investment in 
Orchard Square Limited has been treated as being relinquished in 
accordance with IFRS 10.

This event has a significant impact on the group’s net assets as at 
year end.

We obtained management’s assessment demonstrating how the 
group lost effective control of Orchard Square Limited during the 
year and the rationale justifying the exclusion of the subsidiary 
from the consolidated accounts as at year end.

A meeting was held with management to understand and challenge 
their assessment on the exclusion of Orchard Square Limited from 
consolidation on the basis that LAP Group no longer has exposure, 
or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the 
subsidiary and cannot be obliged to provide any further funds to 
Orchard Square Limited. On that basis, in accordance with IFRS10, 
the investment in Orchard Square Limited has been treated as 
having been relinquished during the year and neither the loan nor 
the asset is shown in the accounts as at 31 December 2023.  

We reviewed the position of LAP Group in accordance with the 
requirements of IFRS 10. Supporting facility documentation 
between the company and the lender were obtained and reviewed 
to ensure that the client’s treatment is deemed appropriate and 
reasonable.

We have corroborated the data used by management in 
consolidating the results of Orchard Square Limited as part of the 
LAP Group accounts up till the point that control was deemed lost 
during the year.

We have also ensured that this event has been fully disclosed in 
the LAP Consolidated accounts.

KEY OBSERVATIONS COMMUNICATED TO THE AUDIT COMMITTEE

We have no concerns over the exclusion of Orchard Square Limited from the group consolidation as at year end.

VALUATION/IMPAIRMENT OF MINING RESERVES:

Significance and nature of key risk

How our audit addressed the key risk

The valuation of the mine is material to the financial statements 
and is considered to be a key accounting estimate.

The purpose of mine development is to establish secure working 
conditions and infrastructure to allow the safe and efficient 
extraction of recoverable reserves.

Depreciation on mine development costs is not charged 
until production commences or the assets are put to use. On 
commencement of full commercial production, depreciation is 
charged over the life of the associated mine reserves extractable 
using the asset on a unit of production basis. 

The unit of production calculation is based on tonnes mined as 
a ratio to proven and probable reserves and also includes future 
forecast capital expenditure.  The cost recognised includes the 
recognition of any decommissioning assets related to mine 
development.

The accounting requirements of IFRS 6 and IAS 16 were 
considered to ensure capitalisation of costs to mine development 
under IAS 16 was appropriate.

In considering impairment indicators, as governed by IAS 36, the 
life of mine assessment was obtained. All significant input variables 
were considered and stress-tested to assess headroom between 
modelling and the value of mine development.

Consideration was given to the competence and independence 
of the technical expert involved with the production of historic 
technical reports on which the life of mine assessment is partially 
built. 

Depreciation of mine development was recalculated based on the 
unit of production basis to ensure it was accurately recorded. This 
basis was also considered for reasonableness by reference to the 
accounting policies of industry peers.

The accuracy and appropriateness of mine development disclosures 
in the accounts were confirmed to be consistent with the mine 
development accounting cycle observed and audited.

KEY OBSERVATIONS COMMUNICATED TO THE AUDIT COMMITTEE

We have no concerns over the material accuracy of mining reserves and development values recognised in the financial statements.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 41

GOVERNANCE Independent auditor’s report

OTHER INFORMATION
The other information comprises the information included in the 
annual report other than the financial statements and our auditor’s 
report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other 
information contained within the annual report. Our opinion on the 
financial statements does not cover the other information and, 
except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do 
not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our 
responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, 
consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent 
with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the 
course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 
If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material 
misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise 
to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, 
based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a 
material misstatement of this other information, we are required to 
report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard.

OUR OPINION ON THE REMUNERATION 
REPORT 
Kreston Reeves has audited the Annual remuneration report set out 
on pages 27 to 31 of the Annual Report for the year ended 31 
December 2023. The directors of the Company are responsible for 
the preparation and presentation of the Remuneration Report in 
accordance with the Companies Act 2006. Kreston Reeves’ 
responsibility is to express an opinion on the Remuneration Report, 
based on our audit conducted in accordance with International 
Accounting Standards. In Kreston Reeves’ opinion, the 
Remuneration Report of the Group for the year, complies with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

OUR CONSIDERATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE 
RELATED RISKS
The financial impacts on the Group of climate change and the 
transition to a low carbon economy (“climate change”) were 
considered in our audit where they have the potential to directly or 
indirectly impact key judgements and estimates within the financial 
statements. 

The Group continues to develop its assessment of the potential 
impacts of climate change. Climate risks have the potential to 
materially impact the key judgements and estimates within the 
financial report. Our audit considered those risks that could be 
material to the key judgement and estimates in the assessment of 
the carrying value of non-current assets and closure and 
rehabilitation provisions. 

OPINIONS ON OTHER MATTERS PRESCRIBED 
BY THE COMPANIES ACT 2006
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the 
audit:

•   the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ 

report for the financial year for which the financial statements are 
prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and

•   the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared 

in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

MATTERS ON WHICH WE ARE REQUIRED TO 
REPORT BY EXCEPTION
In the light of our knowledge and understanding of the Group and 
parent company and its environment obtained in the course of the 
audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic 
report or the directors’ report.

42  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in 
relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to 
you if, in our opinion:

•   adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent 

company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been 
received from branches not visited by us; or

•   the parent company financial statements are not in agreement 

with the accounting records and returns; or

•   certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are 

not made; or

•   we have not received all the information and explanations we 

require for our audit

RESPONSIBILITIES OF DIRECTORS
As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement 
(set out on page 36), the directors are responsible for the 
preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that 
they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the 
directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of 
financial statements that are free from material misstatement, 
whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible 
for assessing the Group’s and parent company’s ability to continue 
as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going 
concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the 
directors either intend to liquidate the Group or parent company or 
to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

AUDITOR’S RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE AUDIT 
OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the 
financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, 
whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that 
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance 
but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs 
(UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered 
material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be 
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the 
basis of these financial statements. 

Capability of the audit in detecting irregularities, 
including fraud
Based on our understanding of the group and industry, and through 
discussion with the directors and other management (as required by 
auditing standards), we identified that the principal risks of non-
compliance with laws and regulations related to health and safety, 
anti-bribery and employment law. We considered the extent to 
which non-compliance might have a material effect on the financial 
statements. We also considered those laws and regulations that 
have a direct impact on the preparation of the financial statements 
such as the Companies Act 2006. We communicated identified laws 
and regulations throughout our team and remained alert to any 
indications of non-compliance throughout the audit. We evaluated 
management’s incentives and opportunities for fraudulent 
manipulation of the financial statements (including the risk of 
override of controls) and determined that the principal risks were 
related to: posting inappropriate journal entries to increase revenue 
or reduce expenditure, management bias in accounting estimates 
and judgemental areas of the financial statements such as the 
valuation of investment properties. Audit procedures performed by 
the group engagement team and component auditors included:

•   Obtaining an understanding of the legal and regulatory 

frameworks that are applicable to the Group and determined that 
the most significant are those that relate to the reporting 
framework and the relevant tax compliance regulations in the 

GOVERNANCE Independent auditor’s report

jurisdictions in which London & Associated Properties PLC 
operates. In addition, we concluded that there are certain 
significant laws and regulations that may have an effect on the 
determination of the amounts and disclosures in the financial 
statements, mainly relating to health and safety, employee 
matters, bribery and corruption practices, environmental and 
certain aspects of company legislation recognising the regulated 
nature of the Group’s mining activities and its legal form.

•   Detailed discussions were held with management to identify any 
known or suspected instances of non- compliance with laws and 
regulations.

•   Identifying and assessing the design effectiveness of controls that 

management has in place to prevent and detect fraud.

•   Challenging assumptions and judgements made by management 
in its significant accounting estimates, including assessing the 
capabilities of the property valuers and discussing with the 
valuers how their valuations were calculated and the data and 
assumptions they have used to calculate these. For the 
impairment review of the mines, we have undertaken a sensitivity 
analysis on the life of the mine model and challenged the 
assumptions made by management.

•   Performing analytical procedures to identify any unusual or 

unexpected relationships, including related party transactions, 
that may indicate risks of material misstatement due to fraud.

•   Confirmation of related parties with management, and review of 
transactions throughout the period to identify any previously 
undisclosed transactions with related parties outside the normal 
course of business.

•   Reading minutes of meetings of those charged with governance, 
and reviewing correspondence with relevant tax and regulatory 
authorities.

•   Performing integrity testing to verify the legitimacy of banking 

records obtained from management.

•   Review of significant and unusual transactions and evaluation of 
the underlying financial rationale supporting the transactions.

•   Identifying and testing journal entries, in particular any manual 

entries made at the year-end for financial statement preparation.

•   We ensured our global audit team (including Kreston Reeves and 

our component auditors) has industry experience through 
working for many years on relevant audits, including experience 
of mining and investment property management. Our audit 
planning included considering external market factors, for 
example geopolitical risk, the potential impact of climate change, 
commodity price risk and major trends in the relevant industries.

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that 
we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a 
material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance 
with regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a 
law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions 
reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to 
become aware of instances of non-compliance.

As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs (UK), we exercise 
professional judgment and maintain professional scepticism 
throughout the audit. We also:

•   Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the 

financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and 
perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain 
audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis 
for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement 
resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as 
fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, 
misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.

•   Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit 
in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the 
circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion 
on the effectiveness of the Group’s internal control.

•   Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the 
reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures 
made by the directors.

•   Conclude on the appropriateness of the directors’ use of the 
going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit 
evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related 
to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the 
Group’s or the parent company’s ability to continue as a going 
concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are 
required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related 
disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are 
inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on 
the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. 
However, future events or conditions may cause the Group or the 
parent company to cease to continue as a going concern.

•   Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the 
financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the 
financial statements represent the underlying transactions and 
events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.

•   Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the 

financial information of the entities or business activities within 
the Group to express an opinion on the consolidated financial 
statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and 
performance of the Group audit. We remain solely responsible for 
our audit opinion.

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, 
among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and 
significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in 
internal control that we identify during our audit.

OTHER MATTERS WHICH WE ARE REQUIRED 
TO ADDRESS
We were reappointed by the audit committee in the year to audit 
the financial statements. Our total uninterrupted period of 
engagement is 3 years, covering the years ended 31 December 
2021 and 31 December 2023.

The non-audit services prohibited by the FRC’s Ethical Standard 
were not provided to the group or the parent company and we 
remain independent of the group and the parent company in 
conducting our audit.

During the period under review, agreed upon procedures were completed 
in respect of a number of the group’s service charge accounts.

Our audit opinion is consistent with the additional report to the 
audit committee.

USE OF OUR REPORT
This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in 
accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. 
Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the 
company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in 
an auditor report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent 
permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone 
other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for 
our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

Stephen Tanner BSc(Econ) FCA (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
For and on behalf of 

Kreston Reeves LLP  
Chartered Accountants 
Statutory Auditor 
London

Date: 29 April 2024

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 43

financial state-

ments

FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS

Consolidated income statement
for the year ended 31 December 2023

Group revenue
Operating costs
Operating profit
Finance income
Finance expenses
Result before revaluation and other movements

Non–cash changes in valuation of assets and liabilities and other movements
Exchange losses
Decrease in value of investment properties
Loss on disposal of investment properties
Profit on disposal of fixed assets
Gain on investments held at fair value (Bisichi)
Loss on disposal of subsidiary
Decrease in value of other investments
Adjustment to interest rate derivative
(Loss)/profit for the year before taxation
Income tax charge
(Loss)/profit for the year

Attributable to:
Equity holders of the Company
Non-controlling interest
(Loss)/profit for the year

Earnings per share
(Loss)/profit per equity share - basic and diluted

NOTES

1
1

4
4

9

6

20
2
5

25

2023
£'000

 53,183 
(52,017)
 1,166 
 332 
(3,646)
(2,148)

(158)
(5)
– 
 4 
 759 
(1,930)
(6)
– 
(3,484)
(307)
(3,791)

(3,861)
 70 
(3,791)

2022
£'000

 100,243 
(64,730)
 35,513 
 199 
(3,218)
 32,494 

(270)
(115)
(83)
 36 
 1,036 
– 
– 
 70 
 33,168 
(12,002)
 21,166 

 2,704 
 18,462 
 21,166 

8

(4.52)p

3.17p

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income
for the year ended 31 December 2023

(Loss)/profit for the year

Other comprehensive expense:
Items that may be subsequently recycled to the income statement:
Exchange differences on translation of Bisichi PLC foreign operations
Other comprehensive expense for the year net of tax
Total comprehensive (expense)/income for the year net of tax

Attributable to: 
Equity shareholders
Non–controlling interest
Total comprehensive (expense)/income for the year net of tax

44  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

2023
£'000

2022
£'000

(3,791)

 21,166 

(675)
(675)
(4,466)

(4,056)
(410)
(4,466)

(43)
(43)
 21,123 

 2,696 
 18,427 
 21,123 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Consolidated balance sheet
at 31 December 2023

Non–current assets
Market value of properties attributable to Group
Present value of head leases
Property
Mining reserves, property, plant and equipment
Other investments at fair value through profit and loss (“FVPL”)
Deferred tax

Current assets
Inventories - Property
Inventories - Mining
Assets held for sale
Trade and other receivables
Investments in listed securities held at FVPL
Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets

Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
Borrowings
Lease liabilities
Current tax liabilities

Non–current liabilities
Borrowings
Lease liabilities
Provisions
Deferred tax liabilities

Total liabilities
Net assets

Equity attributable to the owners of the parent
Share capital
Share premium account
Translation reserve (Bisichi PLC)
Capital redemption reserve
  Retained earnings (excluding treasury shares)
  Treasury shares
Retained earnings 
Total equity attributable to equity shareholders
Non–controlling interest
Total equity
Net assets per share attributable to equity shareholders

Diluted net assets per share

NOTES

2023
£'000

2022
£'000

9
9

10
15
23

13
14
11
16
17

18
19
 20 

19
20
21
23

24

24

25

8

8

 35,060 
 1,589 
 36,649 
 19,164 
 14,258 
 432 
 70,503 

 8,889 
 2,579 
 545 
 7,413 
 734 
 6,978 
 27,138 
 97,641 

(14,463)
(12,792)
(394)
(5,191)
(32,840)

(13,291)
(1,582)
(1,615)
– 
(16,488)
(49,328)
 48,313 

 8,554 
 4,866 
(1,258)
 47 
 16,425 
(144)
 16,281 
 28,490 
 19,823 
 48,313 
33.38p

 35,610 
 1,552 
 37,162 
 16,928 
 12,590 
– 
 66,680 

 22,862 
 5,199 
– 
 7,915 
 886 
 15,382 
 52,244 
 118,924 

(17,058)
(22,061)
(414)
(4,256)
(43,789)

(17,113)
(1,839)
(1,716)
(752)
(21,420)
(65,209)
 53,715 

 8,554 
 4,866 
(1,063)
 47 
 20,286 
(144)
 20,142 
 32,546 
 21,169 
 53,715 
38.14p

33.38p

38.14p

These financial statements were approved by the board of directors and authorised for issue on 29 April 2024 and signed on its behalf by:

John Heller 
Director 

Jonathan Mintz 
Director 

Company Registration No. 341829 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Consolidated statement of changes in shareholders’ equity
for the year ended 31 December 2023

SHARE 
CAPITAL 
£’000

SHARE  
PREMIUM 
£’000

TRANSLA-
TION 
RESERVES  
£’000

CAPITAL 
REDEMP-
TION 
RESERVE 
£’000

TREASURY  
SHARES 
£’000

RETAINED  
EARNINGS 
EXCLUDING  
TREASURY  
SHARES 
£’000

TOTAL 
EXCLUDING 
NON– 
CONTROLLING 
INTERESTS 
£’000

NON– 
CON-
TROLLING 
INTERESTS 
£’000

TOTAL 
EQUITY 
£’000

Balance at 1 January 2022
Profit for year

 8,554 
– 

 4,866 
– 

(1,055)
– 

 47 
– 

(144)
– 

 17,415 
 2,704 

 29,683 
 2,704 

 10,536   40,219 
 18,462   21,166 

Other comprehensive expense:
Currency translation
Total other comprehensive expense
Total comprehensive income

Transactions with owners:
Share options charge
Dividends – equity holders
Dividends – non–controlling interests
Transactions with owners 
Balance at 31 December 2022
(Loss)/profit for year

Other comprehensive expense:
Currency translation
Total other comprehensive expense
Total comprehensive expense

Transactions with owners:
Dividends – non–controlling interests
Transactions with owners 
Balance at 31 December 2023

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

(8)
(8)
(8)

– 
– 
– 
– 
 8,554 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
 4,866 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
(1,063)
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

(195)
(195)
(195)

– 
– 
 8,554 

– 
– 
 4,866 

– 
– 
(1,258)

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
 47 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
 47 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
 2,704 

(8)
(8)
 2,696 

(35)
(35)

(43)
(43)
 18,427   21,123 

– 
– 
– 
– 
(144)
– 

 167 
– 
– 
 167 
 20,286 
(3,861)

 167 
– 
– 
 167 
 32,546 
(3,861)

 237 
 404 
(7,034)
(7,034)
(997)
(997)
(7,627)
(7,794)
 21,169   53,715 
(3,791)

 70 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
(3,861)

(195)
(195)
(4,056)

(480)
(480)
(410)

(675)
(675)
(4,466)

– 
– 
(144)

– 
– 
 16,425 

– 
– 
 28,490 

(936)
(936)

(936)
(936)
 19,823   48,313 

46  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Group accounting policies

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Consolidated cash flow statement
for the year ended 31 December 2023

Operating activities
(Loss)/profit for the year before taxation
Finance income
Finance expense
Decrease in value of investment properties
Gain on investments held at FVPL (Bisichi)
Loss on disposal of subsidiary
Decrease in value of other investments
Adjustment to interest rate derivative
Loss on sale of investment properties
Depreciation
Profit on disposal of non-current assets
Share based payment expense
Development expenditure on inventories
Exchange adjustments
Change in inventories
Change in receivables
Change in payables
Cash generated from operations
Income tax refunded / (paid)
Cash inflows from operating activities

Investing activities
Disposal of subsidiary
Acquisition of investment properties, mining reserves, plant and equipment
Sale of plant and equipment
Sale of investment properties
Disposal of other investments
Acquisition of other investments
Interest received
Cash outflows from investing activities

Financing activities
Interest paid
Interest obligation under finance leases
Repayment of lease liability
Lease assignment costs paid
Receipt of bank loan - Bisichi PLC
Repayment of bank loan - Bisichi PLC
Repayment of bank loan - Dragon Retail Properties Ltd
Receipt of bank loan - London & Associated Properties PLC
Repayment of bank loan - London & Associated Properties PLC
Equity dividends paid
Equity dividends paid - non-controlling interests
Cash outflows from financing activities
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Exchange adjustment
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

The cash flows above relate to continuing operations.

NOTES

2023 
£’000

2022  
£’000

4
4
9
6 

22

10

13

(3,484)
(332)
 3,646 
 5 
(759)
 1,930 
 6 
– 
– 
 1,761 
(4)
– 
(777)
 158 
 2,046 
(933)
 429 
 3,692 
 137 
 3,829 

(148)
(5,952)
 21 
– 
 432 
(1,189)
 332 
(6,504)

(3,557)
(185)
(251)
– 
 99 
(624)
(193)
– 
(95)
(1,372)
– 
(6,178)
(8,853)
 12,157 
 140 
 3,444 

 33,168 
(199)
 3,218 
 115 
(1,036)
– 
– 
(70)
 83 
 1,362 
(36)
 405 
(747)
 270 
(911)
 2,194 
 811 
 38,627 
(7,946)
 30,681 

– 
(11,011)
 102 
 5,171 
 2,083 
(10,207)
 199 
(13,663)

(2,751)
(353)
(236)
(52)
 524 
(55)
(21)
 13,337 
(14,247)
(641)
(6,323)
(10,818)
 6,200 
 5,982 
(25)
 12,157 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
For the purpose of the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents comprise the following balance sheet amounts:

Cash and cash equivalents (before bank overdrafts)
Bank overdrafts
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

2023
£’000

 6,978 
(3,534)
 3,444 

2022
£’000

 15,382 
(3,225)
 12,157 

19

£195,000 of cash deposits at 31 December 2023 were charged as security to bank loans (2022: £349,000).

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Group accounting policies

The following are the principal Group accounting policies:

BASIS OF ACCOUNTING
The Group financial statements are prepared in accordance with UK 
adopted international accounting standards and the requirements of 
the Companies Act 2006 and are additionally required under the 
Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules of the Financial 
Conduct Authority to prepare the group financial statements in 
accordance with UK adopted international financial reporting. 

The directors have elected under company law to prepare the 
company financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom 
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom 
Accounting Standards and applicable law) including FRS 101 
Reduced Disclosure Framework and these are presented in note 31.

The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost 
convention, except for the revaluation of freehold and leasehold 
properties and financial assets at fair value through profit and loss 
including interest rate derivatives.

The Group financial statements are presented in Pounds Sterling 
and all values are rounded to the nearest thousand pounds (£’000) 
except when otherwise stated.

The functional currency for each entity in the Group is the currency 
of the country in which the entity has been incorporated. Details of 
the country in which each entity has been incorporated can be 
found in note 12.

The exchange rates used in the accounts were as follows:

Year-end rate
Annual average

£1 STERLING: RAND

£1 STERLING: DOLLAR

2023
23.3014
22.9364

2022 
20.5785
20.1929

2023 
1.2732
1.2389

2022 
1.2102
1.2967

London & Associated Properties PLC (“LAP”), the parent company, is 
a public limited company incorporated and domiciled in England and 
quoted on the London Stock Exchange. The Company registration 
number is 00341829. LAP and its subsidiaries (“the Group”) consist 
of LAP and all its subsidiary undertakings, including Bisichi PLC 
(“Bisichi”) and Dragon Retail Properties Limited (“Dragon”). The 
Group without Bisichi and Dragon is referred to as LAP Group.

GOING CONCERN
In reviewing going concern it is necessary to consider separately the 
position of LAP Group and Bisichi. Although both are consolidated 
into group accounts (as required by IFRS 10), they are managed 
independently and in the unlikely event that Bisichi was unable to 
continue trading this would not affect the ability of LAP Group to 
continue operating as a going concern. The same would be true for 
Bisichi in reverse.

The directors have reviewed the cash flow forecasts of the LAP 
Group and the underlying assumptions on which they are based for 
the 15 months from the date of signing. The LAP Group’s business 
activities, together with the factors likely to affect its future 
development, are set out in the Chairman and Chief Executive’s 
Statement and Financial Review. In addition, note 22 to the financial 
statements sets out the Group’s objectives, policies and processes 
for managing its capital; its financial risk management objectives; 
details of its financial instruments and hedging activities; and its 
exposure to credit risk and liquidity risk.

48  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

The directors have reviewed the debt covenants on existing loans and 
the effects that a wide range of property valuation movements would 
have on these and the Group’s ability to mitigate these effects.

Geo-political events in Ukraine and the Middle East are currently 
having a reduced impact on global energy prices. Although the 
outcome of the events in these regions is uncertain, the Directors at 
present do not foresee the events having a significant negative 
effect on the Group’s UK and South African operations. These risks 
are discussed further in Bisichi’s risks and uncertainties on page 10.

Debt Refinancing
The £12.7 million, Phoenix CRE S.à r.l. term loan expired in 
September 2023 and was not repaid. It is secured against a subsidiary 
of the Group, Orchard Square Limited, whose only asset is the 
Orchard Square, Sheffield property. This loan is non-recourse to the 
rest of the LAP Group and the LAP Group has no obligation to 
provide any further funds to repay this loan. LAP has chosen not to 
refinance this loan. As a result, from July 2023, the Group no longer 
has effective control of Orchard Square Limited and as required by 
IFRS10, from this date it no longer presents the results of Orchard 
Square Limited in the consolidated accounts. The assets and 
liabilities of Orchard Square Limited, including this term loan are not, 
therefore, included in the Balance Sheet as at 31 December 2023.

LAP’s £13.6 million 5-year term loan with QIB (UK) PLC, at a margin 
of 3.95% above the BoE base rate, expires in 2027. The loan is 
covenant compliant and the Directors do not consider that this 
presents a going concern risk to the Group.

Dragon has a £0.95 million Santander term loan (at 4.2% + bank base 
rate) that expires on 31 July 2024. Subsequent to the year end this 
loan was paid down to £0.8 million and an offer has been received 
from Santander to refinance this loan on similar terms for a period 
of two or three years. We expect this refinance to be completed in 
2024. The loan is covenant compliant and the Directors do not 
consider that this presents a going concern risk to the Group.

Broadway Regen has a £4.4 million 11.0% development loan 
expiring in April 2024 which we intend to extend until construction 
commencement at which point it will be replaced by a new 
development loan. This is a residential development for 56 flats and 
four retail units which is expected to have good returns. Currently 
we are in detailed negotiations to finance construction of this 
development and intend to commence work in Q3 2024. 
Apartments will be available for sale in Q1 2026. Cash flow 
forecasts on which going concern judgements are made include a 
range of outcomes for this development and the Directors do not 
consider that this presents a going concern risk to the Group.

Bisichi PLC
The directors note the consideration of going concern by the Bisichi 
board, but also note that any failure of Bisichi would not itself 
impact on the going concern status of the LAP group for the 
reasons set out on page 8.

The directors believe that the LAP Group has adequate resources to 
continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future and 
that the LAP Group is well placed to manage its business risks. Thus 
they continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in 
preparing the annual financial statements.

The Bisichi directors continue to adopt the going concern basis of 
accounting in preparing the Bisichi annual financial statements.

 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Group accounting policies

INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING 
STANDARDS (IFRS)
The Group has adopted all of the new and revised Standards and 
Interpretations issued by the International Accounting Standards 
Board (“IASB”) that are relevant to its operations and effective for 
accounting periods beginning 1 January 2023. 

Trade Debtors
An estimate of lifetime expected credit losses under IFRS 9 using 
the simplified approach has been made by the Directors considering 
historic trade debtor recoveries, specific knowledge of individual 
debtors and forward looking macro-economic factors. Further detail 
is included in note 22.

The Group has not adopted any Standards or Interpretations in 
advance of the required implementation dates.

MINING OPERATIONS

The following standards, amendments and interpretations were in 
issue at the date of approval of these financial statements but were 
not yet effective for the current accounting period and have not 
been adopted early. Based on the Group’s current circumstances, 
the Directors do not anticipate that their adoption in future periods 
will have a material impact on the financial statements of the Group.

•   IAS 1 (amended) – Classification of liabilities as current or 

non-current, Non-current Liabilities with Covenants;

•   IFRS 10 and IAS 28 (amended) – Sale or Contribution of Assets 

between an investor and its Associate or Joint Venture;

•   IFRS 16 (amended) – Lease Liability in a Sale and Leaseback;

•   IAS 7 and IFRS 7 (amended) – Supplier Finance Arrangements;

•   IAS 21 (amended) – Lack of Exchangeability.

We are committed to improving disclosure and transparency and 
will continue to work with our different stakeholders to ensure they 
understand the detail of these accounting changes. We continue to 
remain committed to a robust financial policy.

KEY JUDGEMENTS AND ESTIMATES
The preparation of the financial statements requires management to 
make assumptions and estimates that may affect the reported amounts 
of assets and liabilities and the reported income and expenses, further 
details of which are set out below. Although management believes that 
the assumptions and estimates used are reasonable, the actual results 
may differ from those estimates. Further details of the estimates and 
judgements which may have a material impact on next year’s financial 
statements are contained in the Directors’ Report.

PROPERTY OPERATIONS

Fair value measurements of investment properties
An assessment of the fair value of these assets is undertaken 
annually. The fair value measurements are estimated based on the 
amounts for which the assets and liabilities could be exchanged 
between market participants. To the extent possible, the assumptions 
and inputs used take into account externally verifiable inputs. 
However, such information is by nature subject to uncertainty and is 
discussed further in the Directors’ Report and shown in note 9.

Inventories - Property
When the Group begins to redevelop an existing investment 
property with a view to sale, the property is transferred to inventory 
and held as a current asset. The property is re-measured to fair 
value as at the date of the transfer with any gain or loss being taken 
to the income statement. The re-measured amount becomes the 
deemed cost at which the property is then carried in trading 
properties plus any costs for asset management initiatives or 
development in preparation for sale and subject to any provision 
required to reduce cost to net realisable value.

In assessing the net realisable value of a property development, the 
directors make significant estimates and judgements regarding, inter 
alia, forecast sales and costs per square foot, gross internal area, 
affordable housing allocations and appropriate rates of financing. 
The degree to which these variables can be accurately forecast will 
depend on the stage of development of the particular project and 
the impact of changes in these assumptions to the net realisable 
value could be material. Further detail is included in note 13.

Life of mine and reserves
The directors of Bisichi consider their judgements and estimates 
surrounding the life of the mine and its reserves to have significant 
effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements and to be 
an area where the financial statements are subject to significant 
estimation uncertainty. The life of mine remaining is currently estimated 
at 6 years. This life of mine is based on Bisichi’s existing coal reserves 
including reserves acquired but subject to regulatory approval. Bisichi 
actively seeks and evaluates new opportunities to extend the life of its 
existing mining and processing operations in South Africa. The life of 
mine excludes future coal purchases and coal reserve acquisitions. 
Bisichi’s estimates of proven and probable reserves are prepared 
utilising the South African code for the reporting of exploration results, 
mineral resources and mineral reserves (the SAMREC code) and are 
subject to assessment by an independent Competent Person 
experienced in the field of coal geology and specifically opencast and 
pillar coal extraction. Estimates of coal reserves impact assessments of 
the carrying value of property, plant and equipment, depreciation 
calculations and rehabilitation and decommissioning provisions. There 
are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating coal reserves and 
changes to these assumptions may result in restatement of reserves. 
These assumptions include geotechnical factors as well as economic 
factors such as commodity prices, production costs, coal demand 
outlook and yield.

DEPRECIATION, AMORTISATION OF MINERAL 
RIGHTS, MINING DEVELOPMENT COSTS AND 
PLANT & EQUIPMENT
The annual depreciation/amortisation charge is dependent on 
estimates, including coal reserves and the related life of the mine, 
expected development expenditure for probable reserves, the 
allocation of certain assets to relevant ore reserves and estimates of 
residual values of the processing plant. The charge can fluctuate 
when there are significant changes in any of the factors or 
assumptions used, such as estimating mineral reserves which in turn 
affects the life of mine or the expected life of reserves. Estimates of 
proven and probable reserves are prepared by an independent 
Competent Person. Assessments of depreciation/amortisation rates 
against the estimated reserve base are performed regularly. Details 
of the depreciation/amortisation charge can be found in note 10.

PROVISION FOR MINING REHABILITATION 
INCLUDING RESTORATION AND DE-
COMMISSIONING COSTS 
A provision for future rehabilitation including restoration and 
decommissioning costs requires estimates and assumptions to be 
made around the relevant regulatory framework, the timing, extent 
and costs of the rehabilitation activities and of the risk free rates 
used to determine the present value of the future cash outflows. 
The provisions, including the estimates and assumptions contained 
therein, are reviewed regularly by management. The Group engages 
an independent expert to assess the cost of restoration and 
decommissioning annually as part of management’s assessment of 
the provision. Details of the provision for mining rehabilitation can 
be found in note 21. 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 49

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Group accounting policies

MINING IMPAIRMENT 
Property, plant and equipment representing the Group’s mining 
assets in South Africa are reviewed for impairment at each reporting 
date. The impairment test is performed using the approved Life of 
Mine plan and those future cash flow estimates are discounted 
using asset specific discount rates and are based on expectations 
about future operations. The impairment test requires estimates 
about production and sales volumes, commodity prices, proven and 
probable reserves (as assessed by the Competent Person), operating 
costs and capital expenditures necessary to extract reserves in the 
approved Life of Mine plan. Changes in such estimates could impact 
recoverable values of these assets. Details of the carrying value of 
property, plant and equipment can be found in note 10. 

The impairment test indicated significant headroom as at 31 
December 2023 and therefore no impairment is considered 
appropriate. The key assumptions include: coal prices, including 
domestic coal prices based on recent pricing and assessment of 
market forecasts for export coal; production based on proven and 
probable reserves assessed by the independent Competent Person 
and yields associated with mining areas based on assessments by 
the Competent Person and empirical data. A 9% reduction in 
average forecast coal prices or an 8% reduction in yield would give 
rise to a breakeven scenario. However, the Bisichi directors consider 
the forecasted yield levels and pricing to be appropriate and 
supportable best estimates.

BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION
The Group accounts incorporate the accounts of LAP and all its 
subsidiary undertakings, together with the Group’s share of the 
results and net assets of its joint ventures. 

Non–controlling interests in subsidiaries are presented separately 
from the equity attributable to equity owners of the parent 
company. When changes in ownership in a subsidiary do not result 
in a loss of control, the non–controlling shareholders’ interests are 
initially measured at the non–controlling interests’ proportionate 
share of the subsidiaries’ net assets. Subsequent to this, the carrying 
amount of non–controlling interests is the amount of those interests 
at initial recognition plus the non–controlling interests’ share of 
subsequent changes in equity. Total comprehensive income is 
attributed to non–controlling interests even if this results in the 
non–controlling interests having a deficit balance.

SUBSIDIARIES
Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. The Group controls 
an entity when it is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from 
its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those 
returns through its power over the entity. Subsidiaries acquired during 
the year are consolidated using the acquisition method. Their results 
are incorporated from the date that control passes. 

All intra Group transactions, balances, income and expenses are 
eliminated on consolidation. Details of the Group’s subsidiary 
companies are set out in note 12.

The directors are required to consider the implications of IFRS 10 on 
the LAP investment in Bisichi PLC (“Bisichi”). Related parties also have 
shareholdings in Bisichi. When combined with the 41.6% held by LAP 
and, taking account of the wide disposition of other shareholders, 
there is potential for LAP and these related parties to exercise voting 
control over Bisichi. IFRS 10 makes it clear that possible voting 
control is of more significance than actual management control. 

For this reason the directors have concluded that there is a 
requirement to consolidate Bisichi with LAP. While, in theory, they 
could achieve control, in practice they do not get involved in the day 
to day operations of Bisichi. The directors have presented 

50  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

consolidated accounts using the published accounts of Bisichi but it 
is important to note that any figures, risks and assumptions 
attributable to that company are the responsibility of the Bisichi 
Board of directors.

As a result of treating Bisichi as a subsidiary, Dragon Retail 
Properties Limited, West Ealing Projects Limited and Development 
Physics Limited are also subsidiaries for accounting purposes, as 
LAP and Bisichi’s combined ownership in these entities exceeds 
50%.

As discussed in note 6 the Group no longer has effective control of 
Orchard Square Limited and as required by IFRS10 it no longer 
includes the results of that company in the consolidation. The 
results of Orchard Square Limited are included until control was lost 
in July 2023. The maximum loss that can be suffered by the LAP 
group has been recognised in the accounts and the assets and 
liabilities of Orchard Square Limited have been eliminated.

GOODWILL
Goodwill arising on acquisition is recognised as an intangible asset 
and initially measured at cost, being the excess of the cost of the 
acquired entity over the Group’s interest in the fair value of the 
assets and liabilities acquired. Goodwill is carried at cost less 
accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill arising from the difference 
in the calculation of deferred tax for accounting purposes and fair 
value in negotiations is judged not to be an asset and is accordingly 
impaired on completion of the relevant acquisition. 

REVENUE
The Group’s revenue from contracts with customers, as defined 
under IFRS 15, includes sales of coal and property income from 
rents, service charge and management fees.

Rental income
Rental income arises from properties where leases have granted 
tenants a right of occupation and use of the properties. Rental 
income and lease incentives are recognised in accordance with IFRS 
16 Leases. Rental income from investment property is recognised as 
revenue on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease 
incentives and costs associated with entering into tenant leases are 
amortised over the lease term. Rent reviews are recognised when 
such reviews have been agreed with tenants.

Changes in the scope or the consideration for a lease, that was not 
part of the original terms and conditions, which might arise as a 
result of lease concessions, are accounted as a lease modification. 
Lease modifications are accounted for as a new lease from the 
effective date of the modification, considering any prepaid or 
accrued lease payments relating to the original lease as part of the 
lease payments for the new lease.

Service charge income
This includes income in relation to service charges, directly 
recoverable expenditure and management fees, which is recognised 
in accordance with IFRS 15. Revenue from providing services is 
recognised in the accounting period in which the services are 
rendered. Revenue from services is recognised based on the actual 
service provided to the end of the reporting period as a proportion 
of the total services to be provided and recognised over time. The 
Group generally acts as the principal in service charge transactions 
as it directly controls the delivery of the services at the point they 
are provided to the tenant. Where the Group acts as a principal, 
service charge income is presented gross within revenue and service 
charge expense presented gross within costs. 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Group accounting policies

Reverse surrender premiums
Payments received from tenants to surrender their lease obligations 
are recognised immediately in the income statement.

Dilapidations
Dilapidations monies received from tenants in respect of their lease 
obligations are recognised immediately in the income statement.

Other revenue
Revenue in respect of listed investments held for trading represents 
investment dividends received and profit or loss recognised on 
realisation. Dividends are recognised in the income statement when 
the right to receive the payment is established. 

PROPERTY OPERATING EXPENSES
Operating expenses are expensed as incurred and any property 
operating expenditure not recovered from tenants through service 
charges is charged to the income statement. 

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

Share based remuneration 
The Group operates a long–term incentive plan and two share 
option schemes. The fair value of the conditional awards on shares 
granted under the long–term incentive plan and the options granted 
under the share option scheme is determined at the date of grant. 
This fair value is then expensed on a straight–line basis over the 
vesting period, based on an estimate of the number of shares that 
will eventually vest. At each reporting date, the fair value of the 
non–market based performance criteria of the long–term incentive 
plan is recalculated and the expense is revised. In respect of the 
share option scheme, the fair value of options granted is calculated 
using the binomial method.

PENSIONS
The Company operates a defined contribution pension scheme. The 
contributions payable to the scheme are expensed in the period to 
which they relate. 

FOREIGN CURRENCIES
Monetary assets and liabilities are translated at year end exchange rates 
and the resulting exchange rate differences are included in the 
consolidated income statement within the results of operating activities 
if arising from trading activities, including inter-company trading 
balances and within finance cost / income if arising from financing.

For consolidation purposes, income and expense items are included in 
the consolidated income statement at average rates, and assets and 
liabilities are translated at year end exchange rates. Translation 
differences arising on consolidation are recognised in other 
comprehensive income. Foreign exchange differences on intercompany 
loans are recorded in other comprehensive income when the loans are 
not considered trading balances and are not expected to be repaid in 
the foreseeable future. Where foreign operations are sold or closed, 
the cumulative exchange differences attributable to that foreign 
operation are recognised in the consolidated income statement when 
the gain or loss on disposal is recognised. 

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange 
rate ruling on transaction date. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the Group’s 
consolidated statement of financial position when the group 
becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. 

Financial assets
Financial assets are classified as either financial assets at amortised 
cost, at fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVTOCI”) 
or at fair value through profit or loss (“FVPL”) depending upon the 
business model for managing the financial assets and the nature of 
the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset. 

A loss allowance for expected credit losses is determined for all 
financial assets, other than those at FVPL, at the end of each reporting 
period. The Group applies a simplified approach to measure the credit 
loss allowance for trade receivables using the lifetime expected credit 
loss provision. The lifetime expected credit loss is evaluated for each 
trade receivable taking into account payment history, payments made 
subsequent to year end and prior to reporting, past default experience 
and the impact of any other relevant and current observable data. The 
group applies a general approach on all other receivables classified as 
financial assets. The general approach recognises lifetime expected 
credit losses when there has been a significant increase in credit risk 
since initial recognition.

The Group no longer recognises a financial asset when the 
contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it 
transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and 
rewards of ownership of the asset to another party. The Group does 
not recognise financial liabilities when the Group’s obligations are 
discharged, cancelled, or have expired.

Investments
Current financial asset investments and other investments classified 
as non-current (“The investments”) comprise shares in listed 
companies. The investments are measured at fair value. Any 
changes in fair value are recognised in the consolidated income 
statement and accumulated in retained earnings. 

Trade and other receivables
Trade receivables are recorded at amortised cost. As the interest 
that would be recognised from discounting future cash payments 
over the short payment period is not considered to be material, 
trade receivables which do not carry any interest are stated at their 
nominal value as reduced by credit loss allowances for estimated 
recoverable amounts.

Trade and other payables
Trade and other payables are non-interest bearing and are stated at 
their nominal value, as the interest that would be recognised from 
discounting future cash payments over the short payment period is 
not considered to be material.

Bank loans and overdrafts
Bank loans and overdrafts are included as financial liabilities on the 
Group balance sheet net of the unamortised costs of issue. The cost 
of issue is recognised in the consolidated income statement over 
the life of the bank loan. Interest payable on those facilities is 
expensed as a finance cost in the period to which it relates.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 51

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Group accounting policies

INVESTMENT PROPERTIES

Valuation
Investment properties are those that are held either to earn rental 
income or for capital appreciation or both, including those that are 
undergoing redevelopment for future use as an investment 
property. They are reported on the Group balance sheet at fair 
value, being the amount for which an investment property could be 
exchanged between knowledgeable and willing parties in an arm’s 
length transaction. The directors’ property valuation is at fair value. 

The external valuation of properties is undertaken by independent 
valuers who hold recognised and relevant professional qualifications 
and have recent experience in the locations and categories of 
properties being valued. Surpluses or deficits resulting from changes 
in the fair value of investment properties are reported in the Group 
income statement in the period in which they arise.

The Group owns a number of properties on long term and short-
term leaseholds. These are leased out to tenants under operating 
leases, are classified as investment properties or development 
properties as appropriate and included in the balance sheet at fair 
value. The obligation to the freeholder or superior leaseholder for 
the buildings element of the leasehold is included in the balance 
sheet at the present value of the minimum lease payments at 
inception.

Capital expenditure 
Investment properties are measured initially at cost, including 
related transaction costs. Additional expenditure of a capital nature, 
directly attributable to the redevelopment or refurbishment of an 
investment property held for future use as an investment property, 
up to the point of it being completed for its intended use, is 
capitalised in the carrying value of that property. Where there is a 
change of use, such as commencement of development with a view 
to sale, the property is transferred to inventory at deemed cost, 
which is its fair value on the date of the change in use. Capitalised 
interest is calculated with reference to the actual rate payable on 
borrowings for development purposes, or for that part of the 
development costs financed out of borrowings the capitalised 
interest is calculated on the basis of the average rate of interest paid 
on the relevant debt outstanding. 

Disposal 
The disposal of investment properties is recorded on completion of 
the contract. On disposal, any gain or loss is calculated as the 
difference between the net disposal proceeds and the valuation at 
the last year end plus subsequent capitalised expenditure in the 
period. 

Depreciation and amortisation
In applying the fair value model to the measurement of investment 
properties, depreciation and amortisation are not provided. 

OTHER ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION
The cost, less estimated residual value, of other property, plant and 
equipment is written off on a straight–line basis over the asset’s 
expected useful life. Residual values and useful lives are reviewed, 
and adjusted if appropriate, at each balance sheet date. Changes to 
the estimated residual values or useful lives are accounted for 
prospectively. The depreciation rates generally applied are: 

Motor vehicles
Office equipment

25–33 per cent per annum
10–33 per cent per annum

Leases
At inception, the Group assesses whether a contract is or contains a 
lease. This assessment involves the exercise of judgement about 
whether the Group obtains substantially all the economic benefits from 
the use of that asset, and whether the Group has the right to direct the 
use of the asset. The Group recognises a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and 
the lease liability at the commencement date of the lease.

Lease liabilities include the present value of payments which 
generally include fixed payments and variable payments that depend 
on an index (such as an inflation index). Each lease payment is 
allocated between the liability and finance cost. The lease payments 
are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease if that rate 
can be readily determined or if not, the incremental borrowing rate 
is used. The finance cost is charged to profit or loss over the lease 
period so as to produce a constant rate of interest on the remaining 
balance of the liability for each period. In the cashflow statement 
the principal and interest portions of the lease payments are 
classified within financing activities.

The ROU asset is measured at a cost based on the amount of the 
initial measurement of the lease liability, plus initial direct costs and 
the cost of obligations to refurbish the asset, less any incentives 
received. The ROU asset (other than the ROU assets that relate to 
land or property that meets the definition of investment property 
under IAS 40) is depreciated over the shorter of the lease term or 
the useful life of the underlying asset. The ROU asset is subject to 
testing for impairment if there is an indicator of impairment. ROU 
assets are included in the heading Property, plant and equipment, 
and the lease liability is included in the headings current and 
non-current lease labilities on the balance sheet.

Lease liabilities arise for those investment properties held under a 
leasehold interest and recorded as investment property. The liability 
is calculated as the present value of the minimum lease payments, 
reducing in subsequent reporting periods by the apportionment of 
payments to the lessor. Lease payments are allocated between the 
liability and finance charges to achieve a constant financing rate. 
Contingent rents payable, such as rent reviews or those related to 
rental income, are charged as an expense in the period in which 
they are incurred. 

The Group has elected not to recognise ROU assets and liabilities 
for leases where the total lease term is less than or equal to 12 
months, or for low value leases under £20,000. The payments for 
such leases are recognised in the Income Statement on a straight-
line basis over the lease term.

Interest rate derivatives
The Group uses derivative financial instruments to hedge the 
interest rate risk associated with the financing of the Group’s 
business where appropriate. No trading in such financial instruments 
is undertaken. At each reporting date, these interest rate derivatives 
are recognised at their fair value to the business, being the Net 
Present Value of the difference between the hedged rate of interest 
and the market rate of interest for the remaining period of the 
hedge. 

Ordinary shares
Shares are classified as equity when there is no obligation to 
transfer cash or other assets. Incremental costs directly attributable 
to the issue of new shares are shown in equity as a deduction, net 
of tax, from the proceeds.

Treasury shares 
When the Group’s own equity instruments are repurchased, 
consideration paid is deducted from equity as treasury shares until 
they are cancelled. When such shares are subsequently sold or 
reissued, any consideration received is included in equity. 

52  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Group accounting policies

ASSETS HELD FOR SALE
Non-current assets are classified as held-for-sale if it is highly 
probable that they will be recovered primarily through sale rather 
than through continuing use. Such assets are generally measured at 
the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs of sale. 
Impairment losses on initial classification as assets held-for-sale and 
subsequent gains and losses on remeasurement are recognised in 
profit or loss. Once classified as held-for-sale, intangible assets and 
property, plant and equipment are no longer amortised or 
depreciated, and any equity-accounted investment is no longer 
equity accounted.

INVENTORIES–PROPERTY
Properties held as trading inventory are those which are being 
developed with a view to sale. Inventories are recorded at the lower 
of cost and net realisable value. If the net realisable value of 
inventory is lower than its carrying value, an impairment loss is 
recorded in the income statement. If, in subsequent periods, the net 
realisable value of inventory that was previously impaired increases 
above its carrying value, the impairment is reversed to align the 
carrying value of the property with the net realisable value. 
Inventory is presented on the balance sheet within current assets.

INCOME TAXES
The charge for current taxation is based on the results for the year 
as adjusted for disallowed or non–assessable items. Tax payable 
upon realisation of revaluation gains recognised in prior periods is 
recorded as a current tax charge with a release of the associated 
deferred tax. Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or 
recoverable on differences between the carrying amounts of assets 
and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax 
bases used in the tax computations and is recorded using the 
balance sheet liability method. Deferred tax liabilities are generally 
recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax 
assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable 
profits will be available against which deductible temporary 
differences can be utilised. In respect of the deferred tax on the 
revaluation surplus, this is calculated on the basis of the chargeable 
gains that would crystallise on the sale of the investment portfolio 
as at the reporting date. The calculation takes account of indexation 
on the historic cost of properties and any available capital losses. 
Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply 
in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised. 
Deferred tax is charged or credited in the Group income statement, 
except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to 
equity, in which case it is also dealt with in equity. 

DIVIDENDS
Dividends payable on the ordinary share capital are recognised as a 
liability in the period in which they are approved.

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash comprises cash in hand and on-demand deposits. Cash and 
cash equivalents comprise short-term, highly liquid investments that 
are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are 
subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value and original 
maturities of three months or less. 

The cash and cash equivalents shown in the cashflow statement are 
stated net of bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand in 
accordance with IAS 7. This includes the structured trade finance 
facility held in South Africa as detailed in note 22. These facilities 
are considered to form an integral part of the treasury management 
of the Group and can fluctuate from positive to negative balances 
during the period.

BISICHI PLC

Mining revenue
Coal revenue is derived principally from export revenue and 
domestic revenue. 

Both export revenue and domestic revenue is recognised when the 
customer has a legally binding obligation to settle under the terms 
of the contract when the performance obligations have been 
satisfied, which is once control of the goods has transferred to the 
buyer at the delivery point. For export revenue this is generally 
recognised when the product is delivered to the export terminal 
location specified in the customer contract, at which point control of 
the goods have been transferred to the customer. For domestic coal 
revenues this is generally recognised on collection by the customer 
from the mine or from the mine’s rail siding when loaded into 
transport, where the customer pays the transportation costs. 
Fulfilment costs to satisfy the performance obligations of coal 
revenues such as transport and loading costs borne by the Group 
from the mine to the delivery point are recoded in operating costs. 

Coal revenue is measured based on consideration specified in the 
contract with a customer on a per metric tonne basis. Both export 
and domestic contracts are typically on a specified coal volume basis 
and less than a year in duration. Export contracts are typically linked 
to the price of Free on Board (FOB) Coal from Richards Bay Coal 
Terminal (API4 price). Domestic contracts are typically linked to a 
contractual price agreed. 

Mining costs
Expenditure is recognised in respect of goods and services received. 
Where coal is purchased from third parties at point of extraction the 
expenditure is only recognised when the coal is extracted and all of 
the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been 
transferred.

Mining reserves, plant and equipment
The cost of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase 
price and any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the 
location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in 
accordance with agreed specifications. Freehold land is not 
depreciated. Other property, plant and equipment is stated at 
historical cost less accumulated depreciation. The cost recognised 
includes the recognition of any decommissioning assets related to 
property, plant and equipment.

Heavy surface mining and other plant and equipment is depreciated 
at varying rates depending upon its expected usage. The 
depreciation rates generally applied are between 5-10 per cent per 
annum, but limited to the shorter of its useful life or the life of the 
mine. 

Other non–current assets, comprising motor vehicles and office 
equipment, are depreciated at a rate of between 10% and 33% per 
annum which is calculated to write off the cost, less estimated 
residual value of the assets, on a straight line basis over their 
expected useful lives. 

Mine inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. 
Cost includes materials, direct labour and overheads relevant to the 
stage of production. Cost is determined using the weighted average 
method. Net realisable value is based on estimated selling price less 
all further costs to completion and all relevant marketing, selling and 
distribution costs. 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 53

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Group accounting policies

Mine provisions
Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present obligation 
as a result of a past event which it is probable will result in an 
outflow of economic benefits that can be reliably estimated.

A provision for rehabilitation of the mine is initially recorded at 
present value and the discounting effect is unwound over time as a 
finance cost. Changes to the provision as a result of changes in 
estimates are recorded as an increase/decrease in the provision and 
associated decommissioning asset. The decommissioning asset is 
depreciated in line with the Group’s depreciation policy over the life 
of mine. The provision includes the restoration of the underground, 
opencast, surface operations and de-commissioning of plant and 
equipment. The timing and final cost of the rehabilitation is 
uncertain and will depend on the duration of the mine life and the 
quantities of coal extracted from the reserves. 

Mine impairment
Whenever events or changes in circumstance indicate that the 
carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable that asset is 
reviewed for impairment. This includes mining reserves, plant and 
equipment and net investments in joint ventures. A review involves 
determining whether the carrying amounts are in excess of their 
recoverable amounts. An asset’s recoverable amount is determined 
as the higher of its fair value less costs of disposal and its value in 
use. Such reviews are undertaken on an asset-by-asset basis, except 
where assets do not generate cash flows independent of other 
assets, in which case the review is undertaken on a cash generating 
unit basis. 

If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount 
an asset’s carrying value is written down to its estimated 
recoverable amount (being the higher of the fair value less cost to 
sell and value in use) if that is less than the asset’s carrying amount. 
Any change in carrying value is recognised in the comprehensive 
income statement.

Mine reserves and development cost
The purpose of mine development is to establish secure working 
conditions and infrastructure to allow the safe and efficient 
extraction of recoverable reserves. Depreciation on mine 
development is not charged until production commences or the 
assets are put to use. On commencement of full commercial 
production, depreciation is charged over the life of the associated 
mine reserves extractable using the asset on a unit of production 
basis. The unit of production calculation is based on tonnes mined 
as a ratio to proven and probable reserves and also includes future 
forecast capital expenditure. The cost recognised includes the 
recognition of any decommissioning assets related to mine 
development.

Post production stripping
In surface mining operations, the Group may find it necessary to 
remove waste materials to gain access to coal reserves prior to and 
after production commences. Prior to production commencing, 
stripping costs are capitalised until the point where the overburden 
has been removed and access to the coal seam commences. 
Subsequent to production, waste stripping continues as part of the 
extraction process as a run of mine activity. There are two benefits 
accruing to the Group from stripping activity during the production 
phase: extraction of coal that can be used to produce inventory and 
improved access to further quantities of material that will be mined 
in future periods. Economic coal extracted is accounted for as 
inventory. The production stripping costs relating to improved 
access to further quantities in future periods are capitalised as a 
stripping activity asset, if and only if, all of the following are met:

•  i t is probable that the future economic benefit associated with 

the stripping activity will flow to the Group;

•   the Group can identify the component of the ore body for which 

access has been improved; and

•   the costs relating to the stripping activity associated with that 

component or components can be measured reliably.

In determining the relevant component of the coal reserve for which 
access is improved, the Group separates its mine into geographically 
distinct sections or phases to which the stripping activities being 
undertaken within that component are allocated. Such phases are 
determined based on assessment of factors such as geology and 
mine planning.

The Group depreciates deferred costs capitalised as stripping assets 
on a unit of production method, with reference to the tons mined 
and reserve of the relevant ore body component or phase. The cost 
is recognised within Mine development costs within the balance 
sheet.

SEGMENTAL REPORTING
For management reporting purposes, the Group is organised into 
business segments distinguishable by economic activity. The 
Group’s business segments are LAP operations, Bisichi operations 
and Dragon operations. These business segments are subject to 
risks and returns that are different from those of other business 
segments and are the primary basis on which the Group reports its 
segmental information. This is consistent with the way the Group is 
managed and with the format of the Group’s internal financial 
reporting. Significant revenue from transactions with any individual 
customer, which makes up 10 per cent or more of the total revenue 
of the Group, is separately disclosed within each segment. All coal 
exports are sales to coal traders at Richard Bay’s terminal in South 
Africa with the risks and rewards passing to the coal trader at the 
terminal. Whilst the coal traders will ultimately sell the coal on the 
international markets the Group has no visibility over the ultimate 
destination of the coal. Accordingly, the export sales are recorded as 
South Africa revenue. 

LAP and its subsidiaries (“the Group”) consist of LAP, all of its 
subsidiary undertakings, including Bisichi PLC (“Bisichi”) and Dragon 
Retail Properties Limited (“Dragon”). The Group without Bisichi and 
Dragon is referred to as LAP Group.

54  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Notes to the financial statements
for the year ended 31 December 2023

1. RESULTS FOR THE YEAR AND SEGMENTAL ANALYSIS
These operating segments (LAP, Bisichi and Dragon) are each viewed separately and have been so reported below.

Business segments

BUSINESS ANALYSIS 

Rental income
Service charge income
Management income from third party properties
Mining
Group Revenue
Direct property costs
Direct mining costs
Overheads
Depreciation
Operating (loss)/profit
Finance income
Finance expenses
Result before valuation movements 

Other segment items
Net (decrease)/increase on revaluation of investment properties
Exchange losses
Decrease in value of other investments
Net increase on revaluation of investments held for trading
Profit on disposal of fixed assets
Loss on disposal of subsidiary
Revaluation and other movements
(Loss)/profit for the year before taxation

Segment assets
- Non-current assets - property
- Non-current assets - plant & equipment
- Non-current assets - other
- Non-current assets - deferred tax asset
- Inventory - property
- Current assets - others
- Assets held for sale
- Cash & cash equivalents
Total assets

Segment liabilities
Borrowings
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Total liabilities
Net assets

Major customers
Customer A
Customer B
Customer C

These customers are for mining revenue in South Africa.

GEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS 

Revenue
Operating (loss)/profit
Non-current assets excluding investments
Total net assets
Capital expenditure

LAP 
£’000 

 3,323 
 451 
 18 
– 
 3,792 
(1,553)
– 
(2,254)
(266)
(281)
 110 
(2,094)
(2,265)

(150)
– 
– 
– 
 4 
(1,930)
(2,076)
(4,341)

 23,801 
 268 
– 
 114 
 8,889 
 1,123 
 545 
 3,799 
 38,539 

(17,650)
(3,238)
(1,272)
(22,160)
 16,379 

– 
– 
– 

BISICHI
£’000 

 1,051 
 181 
– 
 47,985 
 49,217 
(209)
(38,548)
(7,649)
(1,493)
 1,318 
 222 
(1,473)
 67 

 145 
(158)
– 
 759 
– 
– 
 746 
 813 

 10,818 
 18,896 
 14,258 
 318 
– 
 9,490 
– 
 3,123 
 56,903 

(7,483)
(16,748)
(1,925)
(26,156)
 30,747 

 22,283 
 10,659 
 4,854 

UNITED
KINGDOM
£’000

 5,760 
(481)
 37,086 
 40,747 
 81 

DRAGON
£’000 

 168 
 6 
– 
– 
 174 
(10)
– 
(33)
(2)
 129 
– 
(79)
 50 

– 
– 
(6)
– 
– 
– 
(6)
 44 

 2,030 
– 
– 
– 
– 
 113 
– 
 56 
 2,199 

(950)
(62)
– 
(1,012)
 1,187 

– 
– 
– 

SOUTH
AFRICA 
£’000

 47,423 
 1,647 
 19,159 
 7,566 
 5,909 

2023
TOTAL
£’000 

 4,542 
 638 
 18 
 47,985 
 53,183 
(1,772)
(38,548)
(9,936)
(1,761)
 1,166 
 332 
(3,646)
(2,148)

(5)
(158)
(6)
 759 
 4 
(1,930)
(1,336)
(3,484)

 36,649 
 19,164 
 14,258 
 432 
 8,889 
 10,726 
 545 
 6,978 
 97,641 

(26,083)
(20,048)
(3,197)
(49,328)
 48,313 

 22,283 
 10,659 
 4,854 

2023
TOTAL 
£’000 

 53,183 
 1,166 
 56,245 
 48,313 
 5,990 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

1. RESULTS FOR THE YEAR AND SEGMENTAL ANALYSIS CONTINUED

BUSINESS ANALYSIS 

Rental income
Service charge income
Management income from third party properties
Mining
Group Revenue
Direct property costs
Impairment of inventory - property
Direct mining costs
Overheads
Depreciation

Operating profit
Finance income
Finance expenses
Result before valuation movements 

Other segment items
Net decrease on revaluation of investment properties
Loss on disposal of investment properties
Exchange losses
Net increase on revaluation of investments held for trading
Profit on disposal of fixed assets
Adjustment to interest rate derivative
Revaluation and other movements
(Loss)/profit for the year before taxation

Segment assets
- Non-current assets - property
- Non-current assets - plant & equipment
Other investments at fair value through profit and loss account
Inventory - property
Current assets - others
Cash & cash equivalents
Total assets

Segment liabilities
Borrowings
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Total liabilities
Net assets

Major customers
Customer A
Customer B
Customer C

These customers are for mining revenue in South Africa.

GEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS

Revenue
Operating (loss)/profit
Non-current assets excluding investments
Total net assets
Capital expenditure

LAP
£’000

 4,175 
 788 
 18 
– 
 4,981 
(1,994)
(3,098)
– 
(2,665)
(265)

(3,041)
 24 
(2,120)
(5,137)

(5)
(83)
– 
– 
 36 
 70 
 18 
(5,119)

 24,497 
 543 
– 
 22,862 
 1,328 
 4,685 
 53,915 

(30,306)
(4,253)
(1,375)
(35,934)
 17,981 

– 
– 
– 

BISICHI
£’000

 955 
 98 
– 
 94,002 
 95,055 
(69)
– 
(43,209)
(12,251)
(1,093)

 38,433 
 175 
(1,047)
 37,561 

(60)
– 
(270)
 1,036 
– 
– 
 706 
 38,267 

 10,635 
 16,377 
 12,590 
– 
 12,280 
 10,712 
 62,594 

(7,725)
(17,418)
(2,932)
(28,075)
 34,519 

 57,381 
 29,934 
 2,167 

UNITED
KINGDOM
£’000

 6,849 
(7,429)
 37,767 
 46,439 
 2,629 

DRAGON
£’000

 207 
– 
– 
– 
 207 
(18)
– 
– 
(65)
(3)

 121 
– 
(51)
 70 

(50)
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
(50)
 20 

 2,030 
 8 
– 
– 
 270 
 107 
 2,415 

(1,143)
(57)
– 
(1,200)
 1,215 

– 
– 
– 

SOUTH
AFRICA 
£’000

 93,394 
 42,942 
 16,323 
 7,276 
 8,434 

2022
TOTAL
£’000

 5,337 
 886 
 18 
 94,002 
 100,243 
(2,081)
(3,098)
(43,209)
(14,981)
(1,361)

 35,513 
 199 
(3,218)
 32,494 

(115)
(83)
(270)
 1,036 
 36 
 70 
 674 
 33,168 

 37,162 
 16,928 
 12,590 
 22,862 
 13,878 
 15,504 
 118,924 

(39,174)
(21,728)
(4,307)
(65,209)
 53,715 

 57,381 
 29,934 
 2,167 

 2022 
TOTAL 
£’000 

 100,243 
 35,513 
 54,090 
 53,715 
 11,063 

Group revenue is external to the Group and the directors consider that inter segmental revenues are not material.

56  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

2. PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION 

Profit before taxation is stated after charging/(crediting):
Staff costs (see note 25)
Depreciation on tangible fixed assets - owned assets
Depreciation on tangible fixed assets - right of use
Exchange loss
Impairment of inventory
Inventories recognised as an expense
Amounts payable to the auditor in respect of both audit and non-audit services
Audit services
Statutory - Company and consolidation
Subsidiaries - audited by KR
Subsidiaries - audited by other auditors

Staff costs are included in overheads.

3. DIRECTORS’ EMOLUMENTS

Emoluments
Defined contribution pension scheme contributions

Sir Michael Heller received £17,000 (2022: £780,000) as a Director of Bisichi PLC.

Mr J A Heller received £9,000 (2022: £nil) as a Director of Bisichi PLC

Mr A R Heller received £985,000 (2022: £1,910,000) as a Director of Bisichi PLC

Details of directors’ emoluments and share options are set out in the remuneration report.

4. FINANCE INCOME AND EXPENSES

Finance income

Finance expenses
Interest on bank loans and overdrafts
Unwinding of discount (Bisichi)
Other loans
Interest on lease obligations
Total finance expenses

5. INCOME TAX

Current tax
Corporation tax on profit of the period
Corporation tax on profit of previous periods
Total current tax

Deferred tax
Loss relief
Origination of timing differences
Revaluation of investment properties
Accelerated capital allowances
Unredeemed capital reductions
Total deferred tax (note 23)
Tax on profit on ordinary activities

2023
£’000 

2022
£’000 

 8,860 
 1,495 
 266 
(158)
– 
777

 30 
 129 
 40 
 199 

2023
£’000 

 1,890 
 138 
 2,028 

2023
£’000 

 332 

(2,658)
(112)
(705)
(171)
(3,646)

 13,676 
 1,099 
 263 
(270)
 3,098 
 747

 35 
 102 
 43 
 180 

2022
£’000 

 1,794 
 49 
 1,843 

2022
£’000 

 199 

(1,862)
(319)
(837)
(200)
(3,218)

2023
£’000 

2022
£’000 

 1,318 
– 
 1,318 

(313)
(131)
 124 
 725 
(1,416)
(1,011)
 307 

 11,522 
 15 
 11,537 

(1,563)
 21 
 794 
 1,592 
(379)
 465 
 12,002 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

5. INCOME TAX CONTINUED

Factors affecting tax charge for the year
The corporation tax charge differs from the amount which would be due at the effective rate of corporation tax in the United Kingdom of 
23.50 per cent (2022: 19.00 per cent). The differences are explained below:

(Loss)/profit for the year before taxation
Taxation at 23.5 per cent (2022: 19 per cent)

Effects of:
Capital losses on disposal
Other differences
Disallowable expenses (Bisichi)
Impairment of Investment
Losses not recognised
Non-taxable income
Changes in fair values of properties not subject to tax
Adjustment in respect of prior years 
Deferred tax rate adjustment
Income tax charge for the year

Analysis of United Kingdom and overseas tax:
United Kingdom tax included in above:

Corporation tax
Adjustment in respect of prior years
Current tax
Deferred tax

Overseas tax included above:

Corporation tax
Current tax
Deferred tax

2023
£’000 

(3,484)
(819)

– 
 94 
 241 
 367 
 968 
(224)
(391)
–
 71 
 307 

2023
£'000 

-
-
-
(86)
(86)

2023
£'000 

1,318
1,318
(925)
393

2022
£’000 

 33,168 
 6,302 

(308)
 543 
– 
– 
 155 
(255)
 1,060 
 15 
 4,490 
 12,002 

2022 
£’000 

2
15
17
(860)
(843)

2022 
£’000 

11,520
11,520
1,325
12,845

1 Overseas tax is derived from Bisichi’s South African mining operation. The adjustment to tax rate arises due to the tax rate used in the UK for the year of 23.5% (2022: 
19%) and the corporation tax rate assessed in South Africa for the year of 28% (2022: 28%).

Factors that may affect future tax charges:
Based on current capital expenditure plans, the Group expects to continue to be able to claim capital allowances in excess of depreciation 
in future years, but at a slightly lower level than in the current year.

A deferred tax provision has been made for gains on revaluing investment properties. 

The Finance (no. 2) Act 2017 was substantively enacted on 16 November 2017. This includes a restriction on the utilisation of brought 
forward tax losses and corporate interest in certain circumstances effective from 1 April 2017.

58  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

6. DISPOSAL OF SUBSIDIARY
In July 2023 Orchard Square Limited breached the Income Cover Ratio covenant on its £12.7 million loan with Phoenix CRE S.à.r.l. This loan 
is non-recourse to the rest of the LAP Group. While the LAP Group had the option to cure the breach, there was such little prospect of 
recouping any equity, it decided not to do so. LAP Group no longer has exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with 
Orchard Square Limited and cannot be obliged to provide any further funds to Orchard Square Limited. In accordance with IFRS10, the 
investment in Orchard Square Limited has been treated as having been relinquished during the year and neither the loan nor the asset is 
shown in the accounts at 31 December 2023. 

The financial results of Orchard Square Limited for the period to 31 July 2023 and for the full year of 2022 are presented below.

In addition to the results of Orchard Square Limited, losses attributable to our ownership of this subsidiary are also presented below. As the 
loan associated with Orchard Square Limited is non-recourse to the LAP Group, there will be no future losses to be attributed to this 
subsidiary. All potential losses have been fully provided in the current year.

Result of Orchard Square Limited for the year

Gross property income
Direct property costs
Impairment of Inventory
Net property income
Overheads
Net revenue from property
Net finance expenses
Interest rate derivatives
Income tax
Profit before tax attributable to shareholders

Cash flows from Orchard Square Limited

Cash flows from operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities
Net cash (outflow) / inflow

7 MONTHS TO 
JULY 2023
£’000 

 1,258 
(646)
– 
 612 
(34)
 578 
(750)
– 
(19)
(191)

7 MONTHS TO 
JULY 2023
£’000 

 474 
(12)
(882)
(420)

2022
£’000 

 2,104 
(1,064)
(2,750)
(1,710)
(234)
(1,944)
(978)
 70 
 19 
(2,833)

2022
£’000 

 1,044 
(10)
(1,023)
 11 

Orchard Square Limited has been in cash trap since September 2022. No cash has been distributed to the Group from Orchard Square 
Limited since this time.

Summary of assets and liabilities of Orchard Square Limited

Inventory - property
Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Total assets

Current borrowings
Trade and other payables
Balances owed to other group companies
Total liabilities
Net assets

Effects on consolidation of investment in Orchard Square Limited

Loss on disposal of subsidiary

JULY 2023
£’000 

 14,750 
 262 
 148 
 15,160 

(12,654)
(565)
(1,317)
(14,536)
 624 

2022
£’000 

 14,750 
 375 
 569 
 15,694 

(12,715)
(947)
(1,217)
(14,879)
 815 

2023
£’000 

(1,930) 

2022
£’000 

– 

This loss on disposal is shown in the consolidated results of the Group for the year and includes a full provision for the net assets of 
Orchard Square Limited as at 31 July 2023 and a full provision for the intercompany balances between Orchard Square Limited and the LAP 
Group at 31 December 2023.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 59

 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

7. DIVIDEND
No dividends were paid in the year relating to the current or prior period (2022: Nil)

The Directors are not recommending a final dividend for 2023 (2022: Nil).

8. (LOSS)/PROFIT PER EQUITY SHARE AND NET ASSETS PER EQUITY SHARE

(Loss)/profit per equity share has been calculated as follows:

(Loss) / profit attributable to equity shareholders for the year (£’000)
Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue (’000)
(Loss) / profit per equity share
Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue for the purpose of diluted (loss)/profit per share (’000)
Fully diluted (loss) / profit per share

2023

2022

(3,861)
 85,326 
(4.52)p
 85,326 
(4.52)p

 2,704 
 85,326 
3.17p
 85,326 
3.17p

Weighted average number of shares in issue is calculated after excluding treasury shares of 216,715 (2022: 216,715).

Net assets per equity share have been calculated as follows:

Net assets attributable to equity shareholders (£’000)
Shares in issue (’000)
Net assets per equity share
Net assets diluted (£’000)
Shares in issue (’000)
Diluted net assets per share

9. INVESTMENT PROPERTIES 

Cost or valuation at 1 January 2023
Transfer to assets held for sale (note 11)
Additions
Decrease in present value of head leases
(Decrease)/increase on revaluation
At 31 December 2023

Representing assets stated at:
Valuation
Present value of head leases

At 31 December 2023
At 31 December 2022

2023

2022

 28,490 
 85,326 
33.38p
 28,490 
 85,326 
33.38p

 32,546 
 85,326 
38.14p
 32,546 
 85,326 
38.14p

LEASEHOLD 

LEASEHOLD

TOTAL
£’000

FREEHOLD
£’000

OVER 50 YEARS
£’000

UNDER 50 
YEARS
£’000

 37,162 
(545)
 38 
(1)
(5)
 36,649 

 35,060 
 1,589 
 36,649 

 36,649 
 37,162 

 29,679 
(545)
– 
– 
 116 
 29,250 

 29,250 
– 
 29,250 

 29,250 
 29,679 

 7,298 
– 
 38 
(1)
(111)
 7,224 

 5,640 
 1,584 
 7,224 

 7,224 
 7,298 

 185 
– 
– 
– 
(10)
 175 

 170 
 5 
 175 

 175 
 185 

60  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

9. INVESTMENT PROPERTIES CONTINUED

Cost or valuation at 1 January 2022
Additions
Disposals
Decrease in present value of head leases
(Decrease)/increase on revaluation
At 31 December 2022
Representing assets stated at:
Valuation
Present value of head leases

TOTAL 
£’000

FREEHOLD
£’000

LEASEHOLD
OVER 
50 YEARS 
£’000

LEASEHOLD 
UNDER
50 YEARS 
£’000

 41,166 
 2,531 
(5,695)
(725)
(115)
 37,162 

 35,610 
 1,552 
 37,162 

 27,023 
 2,531 
– 
– 
 125 
 29,679 

 29,679 
– 
 29,679 

 13,936 
– 
(5,695)
(724)
(219)
 7,298 

 5,751 
 1,547 
 7,298 

 207 
– 
– 
(1)
(21)
 185 

 180 
 5 
 185 

The leasehold and freehold properties, excluding the present value of head leases, were valued as at 31 December 2023 by professionally 
qualified independent firms of chartered surveyors. The valuations were made at fair value.

Allsop LLP
Carter Towler 

Add: present value of headleases1

2023
£’000

24,450
10,610
35,060
1,589
36,649

2022
£’000

25,145
10,465
35,610
1,552
37,162

1  At 31 December 2023 investment properties included £1.6 million (2022: £1.6 million) for the head lease liabilities recognised under IFRS 16. In the current year total 
cash outflow for head leases and other lease liabilities is £0.1 million (2022: £0.1 million). A number of these leases provide for payment of contingent rent, usually a 
proportion of net rental income, in addition to fixed rents.

The historical cost of investment properties, including total capitalised interest of £1,161,000 (2022: £1,161,000) was as follows:

2023

LEASEHOLD 
OVER 50 
YEARS
£’000

LEASEHOLD 
UNDER 50 
YEARS 
£’000

FREEHOLD
£’000

2022

LEASEHOLD 
OVER 50 
YEARS
£’000

LEASEHOLD 
UNDER 50 
YEARS 
£’000

FREEHOLD
£’000

Cost at 1 January 
Transfer to assets held for sale 
(note 11)
Additions 
Disposals 
Cost at 31 December 

 33,283 

 9,551 

 785 

 30,753 

 18,883 

(581)
– 
– 
 32,702 

– 
– 
– 
 9,551 

– 
– 
– 
 785 

– 
 2,530 
– 
 33,283 

– 
– 
(9,332)
 9,551 

 785 

– 
– 
– 
 785 

Each year external valuers are appointed by the executive directors on behalf of the Board. The valuers are selected based upon their 
knowledge, independence and reputation for valuing assets such as those held by the Group.

Valuations are performed annually and are performed consistently across all properties in the Group’s portfolio. At each reporting date 
appropriately qualified employees of the Group verify all significant inputs and review the computational outputs. Valuers submit their 
report to the Board on the outcome of each valuation.

Valuations take into account tenure, lease terms and structural condition. The inputs underlying the valuations include market rent or 
business profitability, likely incentives offered to tenants, forecast growth rates, yields, EBITDA, discount rates, construction costs including 
any specific site costs (for example section 106), professional fees, developer’s profit including contingencies, planning and construction 
timelines, lease regear costs, planning risk and sales prices based on known market transactions for similar properties to those being valued.

Valuations are based on what is determined to be the highest and best use. When considering the highest and best use the valuer will 
consider, on a property by property basis, its actual and potential uses which are physically, legally and financially viable. Where the highest 
and best use differs from the existing use, the valuer will consider the cost and likelihood of achieving and implementing this change in 
arriving at the valuation.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

9. INVESTMENT PROPERTIES CONTINUED
There are often restrictions on Freehold and Leasehold property which could have a material impact on the realisation of these assets. The 
most significant of these occur when planning permission or lease extension and renegotiation of use are required or when a credit facility is 
in place. These restrictions are factored into the property’s valuation by the external valuer.

The methods of fair value measurement are classified into a hierarchy based on the reliability of the information used to determine the 
valuation, as follows:

Level 1: 

valuation based on inputs on quoted market prices in active markets.

Level 2: 

 valuation based on inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that maximise the use of observable data directly 
or from market prices or indirectly derived from market prices.

Level 3: 

where one or more significant inputs to valuations are not based on observable market data.

CARRYING /
FAIR VALUE
2023
£'000

CARRYING/ FAIR 
VALUE 2022 
£’000

VALUATION  
TECHNIQUE

29,795

29,679 Income capitalisation

5,640

5,751 Income capitalisation

170

180 Income capitalisation

CLASS OF PROPERTY
LEVEL 3

Freehold – external 
valuation

Leasehold over 
50 years – 
external valuation

Leasehold under 
50 years – external 
valuation

KEY UNOBSERVABLE
INPUTS

Estimated Rental Value
Per sq ft p.a
Equivalent Yield

Estimated Rental Value
Per sq ft p.a
Equivalent Yield

Estimated Rental Value
Per sq ft p.a
Equivalent Yield

RANGE 
(WEIGHTED 
AVERAGE) 
2023

RANGE 
(WEIGHTED 
AVERAGE) 2022

£4 – £34
(£16)
5.3% – 14.3%
(9.2%)
£5 – £10
(£7)
5.8% – 23.7%
(18.6%)
£5 – £5
(£5)
32.6% – 32.6%
(32.6%)

£4 – £33
(£17)
5.3% – 15.7%
(8.9%)
£5 – £10
(£6)
5.8% – 22.5%
(17.8%)
£5 - £5
(£5)
31.1% – 31.1%
(31.1%)

At 31 December 

35,605

35,610

There are interrelationships between all these inputs as they are determined by market conditions. The existence of an increase in more 
than one input would be to magnify the input on the valuation. The impact on the valuation will be mitigated by the interrelationship of two 
inputs in opposite directions, for example, an increase in rent may be offset by an increase in yield.

The table below illustrates the impact of changes in key unobservable inputs on the carrying / fair value of the Group’s properties.

Freehold – external valuation
Leasehold over 50 years – external valuation
Leasehold under 50 years – external valuation

ESTIMATED RENTAL VALUE
10% INCREASE OR (DECREASE)

EQUIVALENT YIELD
25 BASIS POINT CONTRACTION
OR (EXPANSION)

2023
£'000

2022
£'000

2,977 (2,977)
564 (564)
17 (17)

2,965(2,965)
575(575)
18(18)

2023
£'000

925 (868)
99 (96)
1 (1)

2022
£'000

950(890)
106(102)
1/(1)

62  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

10. MINING RESERVES, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Cost at 1 January 2023
Exchange adjustment
Valuation decrease
Additions
Disposals in year
At 31 December 2023

Accumulated depreciation at 1 January 2023
Exchange adjustment
Charge for the year
Disposals in year
Accumulated depreciation at 31 December 2023
Net book value at 31 December 2023

Cost at 1 January 2022
Exchange adjustment
Valuation increase
Additions
Disposals
Cost at 31 December 2022

Accumulated depreciation at 1 January 2022
Exchange adjustment
Charge for the year
Disposals in year
Accumulated depreciation at 31 December 2022
Net book value at 31 December 2022

TOTAL
£’000 

 40,072 
(4,653)
(6)
 5,952 
(19)
 41,346 

 23,144 
(2,721)
 1,761 
(2)
 22,182 
 19,164 

 31,669 
 125 
(38)
 8,532 
(216)
 40,072 

 21,752 
 180 
 1,362 
(150)
 23,144 
 16,928 

Included in the above line items are right-of-use assets over the following:

Net book value at 1 January 2023
Additions
Disposals
Depreciation
Net book value at 31 December 2023
Net book value at 1 January 2022
Exchange adjustment
Revaluation
Depreciation
Net book value at 31 December 2022

11. ASSETS HELD FOR SALE

 At 1 January 
Transfer from investment property (note 9) 
Disposal 
At 31 December

MINING 
RESERVES
£’000 

MINING
EQUIPMENT
£’000 

RIGHT OF
USE ASSET
- OFFICE
BUILDING
£’000 

OFFICE 
EQUIPMENT 
AND MOTOR
VEHICLES
£’000 

 2,332 
(273)
– 
– 
– 
 2,059 

 1,099 
(174)
– 
– 
 925 
 1,134 

 1,097 
(13)
– 
 1,248 
– 
 2,332 

 1,089 
 10 
– 
– 
 1,099 
 1,233 

TOTAL
£’000 

664
27
(26)
(295)
370
1,011
5
(38)
(314)
664

 36,291 
(4,333)
– 
 5,903 
– 
 37,861 

 21,347 
(2,517)
 1,443 
– 
 20,273 
 17,588 

 29,063 
 134 
– 
 7,117 
(23)
 36,291 

 20,166 
 166 
 1,038 
(23)
 21,347 
 14,944 

 796 
– 
– 
– 
– 
 796 

 307 
– 
 266 
– 
 573 
 223 

 788 
– 
(38)
 46 
– 
 796 

 44 
– 
 263 
– 
 307 
 489 

 653 
(47)
(6)
 49 
(19)
 630 

 391 
(30)
 52 
(2)
 411 
 219 

 721 
 4 
– 
 121 
(193)
 653 

 453 
 4 
 61 
(127)
 391 
 262 

MINING
EQUIPMENT
£’000 

OFFICE
BUILDING
£’000 

OFFICE 
EQUIPMENT 
AND MOTOR
VEHICLES
£’000 

186
-
(26)
(29)
131
219
5
–
(38)
186

457
-
-
(249)
208
744
–
(38)
(249)
457

2023
£’000

– 
 545 
– 
 545 

21
27
-
(17)
31
48
–
–
(27)
21

2022
£’000

 504 
– 
(504)
– 

A decision to sell our retail and residential property in Rugeley was made in 2023 which will now go to auction in Q2 2024. The property 
was therefore reclassified as an asset held for sale at 31 December 2023.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

12.  SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
In accordance with Section 409 of the Companies Act 2006 a full list of subsidiaries, the principal activity, the country of incorporation and 
the percentage of equity owned, as at 31 December 2023 is disclosed below:

ENTITY

ACTIVITY

PERCENTAGE 
OF SHARE 
CAPITAL

Analytical Properties Holdings Limited *

Property 

100%

Analytical Properties Limited

Property

100%

LAP Ocean Holdings Limited *

Property

100%

London & Associated (Rugeley) Limited

Dormant

100%

London & Associated Securities Limited

Dormant

100%

London & Associated Management Services Limited*

Orchard Chambers Residential Limited

Orchard Square Limited

Bisichi PLC (note C)

Property 
Management 
Services
Dormant

100%

100%

Property

100%

Coal mining

41.602%

Mineral Products Limited (notes A, C)

Share dealing 100%

Bisichi (Properties) Limited (notes A, C)

Property

100%

Bisichi Mining (Exploration) Limited (notes A, C)

Sisonke Coal Processing (pty) Limited (notes A, C)

Holding 
company
Coal 
processing

100%

62.5%

Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Limited (notes A, C)

Coal mining

62.5%

Bisichi Coal Mining (Pty) Limited (notes A, C)

Coal mining

100%

Urban First (Northampton) Limited (notes A, C)

Dormant

100%

Bisichi Trustee Limited (notes A, C)

Property

100%

Bisichi Mining Management Services Limited  
(notes A, C)
Ninghi Marketing Limited (notes A, C)

Dormant

100%

Dormant

90.1%

Bisichi Northampton Limited (notes A, C)

Property

100%

Amandla Ehtu Mineral Resource Development (Pty) 
Limited (notes A, C)

Dormant

70%

Black Wattle Klipfontein (Pty) Limited (notes A, C)

Coal mining

62.5%

Dragon Retail Properties Limited (notes B, C)

Property 

West Ealing Projects Limited (notes B, C)

Broadway Regen Limited (notes C, D)

Property

Property

50%

50%

90%

Development Physics Limited (notes C, E)

Property

33.3%

DP (Pampisford) Limited (notes D, F)

Property

100%

REGISTERED ADDRESS

12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ

12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
Samora Machel Street, 
Bethal Road, Middelburg, 
Mpumalanga, 1050
Samora Machel Street, 
Bethal Road, Middelburg, 
Mpumalanga, 1050
Samora Machel Street, 
Bethal Road, Middelburg, 
Mpumalanga, 1050
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
Samora Machel Street, 
Bethal Road, Middelburg, 
Mpumalanga, 1050
Samora Machel Street, 
Bethal Road, Middelburg, 
Mpumalanga, 1050
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
73 Cornhill, London, EC3V 
3QQ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, 
London W1W 8BJ

COUNTRY OF 
INCORPORATION

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

South Africa

South Africa

South Africa

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

South Africa

South Africa

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

Details on the non–controlling interest in subsidiaries are shown under note 25.
Companies shown as Dormant and those marked with an asterisk(*) are exempt from audit by virtue of s479A Companies Act 2006.
Note A: these companies are owned by Bisichi and the equity shareholdings disclosed relate to that company.
Note B: this entity is a joint venture owned 50% by LAP and 50% by Bisichi.
Note C: Bisichi, Dragon, West Ealing Projects, Development Physics and their subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial 
statements in accordance with IFRS 10.
Note D: This company is 90% owned by West Ealing Projects Limited and the equity shareholdings disclosed relate to that company.
Note E: This entity is a joint venture owned 33.33% by LAP and 33.33% by Bisichi
Note F: This company is 100% owned by Development Physics Limited and the equity shareholdings disclosed relate to that company.

64  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

13. INVENTORIES - PROPERTY

Development land and infrastructure:

At 1 January 
Capitalised expenditure
Capitalised interest
Disposal
Impairments
At 31 December

2023
£’000

22,862
360
417
(14,750)
-
8,889

2022
£’000

25,213
443
304
-
(3,098)
22,862

The net realisable value of developments is assessed by the directors and is subject to key estimates made in respect of future sales prices 
and build costs. Variations in these assumptions can have significant effects on the net realisable value of developments.

In 2018 the Group acquired a development property through West Ealing Projects Limited a 50:50 joint venture with Bisichi. This property 
is held at cost of £8.889 million (2022: £8.112 million) and is currently being developed for sale.

In 2021 the Group acquired an option over a residential development opportunity in Purley, London through a joint venture held 33:33:33 
with Bisichi and an external partner. This property is held at cost of £nil (2022: £nil), with a full provision being made for development 
expenditure, until such time as a decision is made to submit a new application following an initial unsuccessful planning application.

The Group has relinquished its interest in the Orchard Square, Sheffield development property. Note 6 explains this in more detail, including 
its financial effect.

14. INVENTORIES - MINING

Coal
Washed
Mining production
Work in progress
Other

15. INVESTMENTS HELD AS NON-CURRENT ASSETS

At 1 January
Additions
Gain
Disposals
At 31 December

2023
£’000 

2022
£’000 

 1,949 
 542 
 85 
 3 
 2,579 

2023
TOTAL
£’000

 12,590 
 1,189 
 856 
(377)
14,258

 4,758 
 162 
 221 
 58 
 5,199 

2022
TOTAL
£’000

 3,631 
 9,758 
 718 
(1,517)
 12,590 

The non-current asset investments belong to Bisichi and are all listed on UK and overseas stock exchanges (Level 1 hierarchy) as follows:

Market value of readily realisable investments listed on stock exchanges in the United Kingdom
Market value of readily realisable investments listed on overseas stock exchanges

16. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

Trade receivables
Other receivables
Prepayments and accrued income

Note 22 details the group’s credit risk management and loss allowances held for trade receivables. 

2023
£'000 

6,843
7,415
14,258

2023
£’000 

 4,695 
 2,285 
 433 
 7,413 

2022 
£’000 

6,782
5,808
12,590

2022
£’000 

 4,978 
 2,290 
 647 
 7,915 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

17.  INVESTMENTS IN LISTED SECURITIES HELD AT FVPL

Market value of listed Investments:
Listed in United Kingdom
Listed outside United Kingdom

Original cost of listed investments
Unrealised (deficit) / surplus of market value versus cost

2023
£'000 

618
116
734
760
(26)

2022 
£’000 

686
200
886
846
40

The investments in listed securities held at FVPL belong to Bisichi and the market value of listed investments is derived from their quoted 
share price on public markets (Level 1 hierarchy).

18. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

Trade payables
Other taxation and social security costs
Other payables
Accruals and deferred income

2023
£’000 

 8,752 
 118 
 3,563 
 2,030 
 14,463 

2022
£’000 

 8,621 
 39 
 3,828 
 4,570 
 17,058 

The directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other payables approximates to their fair value.

19. BORROWINGS

2023
£’000
CURRENT

2023
£’000
NON-CURRENT

2022
£’000
CURRENT

2022
£’000
NON-CURRENT

Other loans (Bisichi)
£1.25 million term bank loan (secured) repayable by 2024 (Dragon)*
Bank overdrafts (secured) (Bisichi)
£12.7 million term bank loan (secured) repayable by 2023 at 6.95 per 
cent* (note 6)
£0.04 million term loan (unsecured) repayable by 2026 at 2.5 per cent
£3.96 million term bank loan (secured) repayable by 2024 (Bisichi)*
£4.4 million term loan (secured) - repayable by 2024 (Broadway Regen)
£13.60 million term bank loan (secured) repayable by 2027 at 7.45%*

 7 
 950 
 3,534 

– 
 8 
 3,920 
 4,373 
– 
 12,792 

 22 
– 
– 

– 
 12 
– 
– 
 13,257 
 13,291 

Borrowings analysis by origin:

United Kingdom
South Africa

 570 
 1,143 
 3,225 

 12,715 
 9 
– 
 4,399 
– 
 22,061 

2023
£'000 

22,520
3,563
26,083

 50 
– 
– 

– 
 20 
 3,880 
– 
 13,163 
 17,113 

2022 
£’000 

35,329
3,845
39,174

* Shown after deduction of un-amortised issue costs.

Interest payable on the term bank loans is variable being based upon the relevant bank’s base rate. The Bank of England base rate or the 
Sterling Overnight Index Average (SONIA).

No banking covenants were breached by the group during the year, other than mentioned below.

The £12.7 million term loan with Phoenix CRE S.à r.l., is no longer included with the Group accounts following the loss of effective control 
by LAP of its subsidiary Orchard Square Limited.

The £13.6 million term loan was taken out in August 2022 with QIB (UK) plc and is secured on specific freehold and leasehold properties, 
with a secondary charge of £2 million over the assets of LAP the company. The loan has an interest rate of 3.95% above the Bank of 
England base rate. This loan is covenant compliant.

In South Africa, the bank overdraft facility is held with Absa Bank Limited by Sisonke Coal Processing (Pty) Limited (“Sisonke Coal 
Processing”) in order to cover the working capital requirements of Bisichi’s South African operations. The interest cost of the borrowing is at 
the South African prime lending rate plus 3.8% The facility is renewable annually each January, is repayable on demand and is secured by 
way of a first charge over specific pieces of mining equipment, inventory and the debtors of the relevant company which holds the loan 
which are included in the financial statements at a value of £9.37 million (2022: £11.48 million). All banking covenants were either adhered 
to or waived by Absa Bank Limited during the year. 

66  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

19. BORROWINGS CONTINUED
Bisichi holds a £3.96 million term loan facility with Julian Hodge Bank Limited. The loan is secured against Bisichi’s UK retail property 
portfolio. The debt package has a five year term and is repayable at the end of the term in December 2024. The interest cost of the loan is 
4.00% above the Bank of England base rate. The loan is secured by way of a first charge over the investment properties in the UK which are 
included in the financial statements at a value of £10.61 million (2022: £10.47 million). No banking covenants were breached during the 
year. Bisichi intends to renew or refinance the loan prior to the end of its term.

The bank loan of £0.95 million (Dragon) which is repayable in July 2024 is secured by way of a first charge on specific freehold property which is 
included in the financial statements at a value of £2.03 million. The interest cost of the loan is 4.2 per cent above the bank’s base rate. An offer 
with the existing lender to refinance this loan with a new term loan has been received and the refinance is expected to complete before July 2024.

The bank loan of £4.4 million (Broadway Regen) which is repayable in April 2024, is secured by way of a first charge on a specific freehold 
development property, which is included in the financial statements at £8.1 million. The interest cost of the loan is fixed at 11.0% per 
annum. Detailed discussions to convert this into a full development loan prior to the commencement of construction activities are taking 
place and are expected to conclude in Q3 2024. 

The Group’s objectives when managing capital are: 

•   To safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, so that it may provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other 

stakeholders; and

•   To provide adequate returns to shareholders by ensuring returns are commensurate with the risk.

Analysis of the changes in liabilities arising from financing activities:

Balance at 1 January
Exchange adjustments
Cash movements excluding exchange adjustments
Disposal of subsidiary
Valuation movements
Balance at 31 December

20. LEASE LIABILITIES

Minimum lease payments fall due:
Within one year
Second to fifth year
After five years

Future finance charges on lease liabilities
Present value of lease liabilities

Present value of lease liabilities:
Within one year
Second to fifth year
After five years

2023
£’000
BANK 
BORROWINGS

2023
£’000
LEASE 
OBLIGATIONS

2022
£’000
BANK 
BORROWINGS

2022
£’000
LEASE 
OBLIGATIONS

 39,174 
(453)
(138)
(12,654)
 154 
 26,083 

 2,253 
(24)
(290)
– 
 37 
 1,976 

 38,664 
 3 
 272 
– 
 235 
 39,174 

2023 
HEAD 
LEASES ON 
INVESTMENT 
PROPERTY 1 
£’000

121
486
10,029
10,636
(9,048)
1,588

121
437
1,030
1,588

2023
TOTAL 
£’000

410
622
10,038
11,070
(9,094)
1,976

394
547
1,035
1,976

2023 
OFFICE 
£’000

2023
OTHER
£’000

239
-
-
239
(16)
223

223
-
-
223

50
136
9
195
(30)
165

50
110
5
165

 4,247 
 5 
(1,235)
– 
(764)
 2,253 

2022
TOTAL
£’000

467
882
9,914
11,263
(9,010)
2,253

414
787
1,052
2,253

1  Many head leases on investment properties provide for contingent rent in addition to the rents above, usually a proportion of rental income. 

Lease liabilities greater than one year are £1,592,000 (2022: £1,839,000).

Lease liabilities are effectively secured as the rights to the leased asset revert to the lessor in the event of default.

21.  PROVISIONS

At 1 January
Exchange adjustment
Unwinding of discount
At 31 December

The above provision relates to mine rehabilitation costs in Bisichi.

2023
£’000 

 1,716 
(213)
 112 
 1,615 

2022
£’000 

 1,391 
 6 
 319 
 1,716 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 67

 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

22. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Total financial assets and liabilities
The Group’s financial assets and liabilities and their fair values are as follows: 

Cash and cash equivalents
Investments - non-current assets
Investments - current assets
Trade and other receivables
Other assets
Bank overdrafts
Bank loans
Lease liabilities
Other liabilities
Total financial liabilities before debentures

FAIR 
VALUE 
£’000 

 6,978 
 14,258 
 734 
 8,889 
 6,875 
(3,534)
(22,571)
(1,976)
(12,315)
(2,662)

2023 

CARRYING 
VALUE 
£’000 

 6,978 
 14,258 
 734 
 8,889 
 6,875 
(3,534)
(22,549)
(1,976)
(12,315)
(2,640)

FAIR 
VALUE 
£’000 

 15,382 
 12,590 
 886 
 8,887 
 7,268 
(3,225)
(35,945)
(2,253)
(12,449)
(8,859)

2022 

CARRYING 
VALUE 
£’000 

 15,382 
 12,590 
 886 
 8,887 
 7,268 
(3,225)
(35,949)
(2,253)
(12,449)
(8,863)

Treasury policy 
The Group enters derivative transactions such as interest rate swaps and forward exchange contracts in order to help manage the financial 
risks arising from the Group’s activities. The main risks arising from the Group’s financing structure are interest rate risk, liquidity risk, market 
price risk, credit risk, commodity price risk and foreign exchange risk. The policies for managing each of these risks and the principal effects 
of these policies on the results are summarised below.

Sensitivity analysis
The Group has no variable interest term debts which are covered by derivatives. At 31 December 2023, with other variables unchanged, a 
1% increase in interest rates would change the profit/loss for the year by £220,000 (2022: £352,000).

Interest rate risk 
Treasury activities take place under procedures and policies approved and monitored by the Board to minimise the financial risk faced by 
the Group.

The £13.6 million bank loan is secured by way of first charge on specific freehold and leasehold properties. The rates of interest vary based 
on Bank of England base rate in the UK.

The Bisichi United Kingdom bank loans and overdraft are secured by way of a first charge on certain fixed assets. The rates of interest vary 
based on Bank of England base rate in the UK.

The Bisichi South African bank loans are secured by way of a first charge over specific pieces of mining equipment, inventory and the 
debtors of the relevant company which holds the loan. The rates of interest vary based on PRIME in South Africa.

The £1.17 million bank loan (Dragon) is secured by way of a first charge on specific freehold property. The rate of interest varies based on 
the bank’s base rate.

The £4.4 million bank loan (Broadway Regen) is secured by way of first charge on a specific freehold development property. This loan is 
based on a fixed interest rate of 11.0%.

Liquidity risk 
The Group’s policy is to minimise refinancing risk by balancing its exposure to interest risk and to refinancing risk. In effect the Group seeks 
to borrow for as long as possible at the lowest acceptable cost. Efficient treasury management and strict credit control minimise the costs 
and risks associated with this policy which ensures that funds are available to meet commitments as they fall due. Cash and cash 
equivalents earn interest at rates based on banks’ base rates in the UK. The cash resources and funding facilities together are considered 
adequate to meet the Group’s anticipated cash flow requirements for the foreseeable future.

The £13.6 million bank loan with QIB (UK) plc is secured against properties within LAP’s retail and industrial portfolio. The debt package has 
a five-year term and is repayable in 2027. The interest cost of the loan is 3.95% above the Bank of England base rate in the UK.

In South Africa, a R85 million trade facility is held with Absa Bank Limited by Sisonke Coal Processing (Pty) Limited (“Sisonke Coal 
Processing”) in order to cover the working capital requirements of Bisichi’s South African operations. The interest cost of the loan is at the 
South African prime lending rate plus 3.8% The facility is renewable annually each January, is repayable on demand and is secured against 
inventory, debtors and cash that are held by Sisonke Coal Processing (Pty) Limited. The facility is included in cash and cash equivalents 
within the cashflow statement.

Bisichi holds a £3.96 million term loan facility with Julian Hodge Bank Limited. The loan is secured against Bisichi’s UK retail property 
portfolio. The debt package has a five-year term and is repayable at the end of the term in December 2024. The interest cost of the loan is 
4.00% above the Bank of England base rate. Bisichi intends to renew or refinance the loan prior to the end of its term.

68  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

22. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED
The table below analyses the Group’s financial liabilities (excluding interest rate derivatives) into maturity groupings and also provides details 
of the liabilities that bear interest at fixed, floating and non–interest bearing rates.

Bank overdrafts (floating)
Bank loans (fixed)
Bank loans (floating)
Lease liabilities
Trade and other payables (non-interest)

Bank overdrafts (floating)
Bank loans (fixed)
Bank loans (floating)
Lease liabilities
Trade and other payables (non-interest)

2023 
TOTAL 
£’000 

 3,534 
 4,393 
 14,617 
 11,070 
 12,315 
 45,929 

2022 
TOTAL 
£’000 

 3,225 
 4,428 
 32,036 
 11,263 
 12,449 
 63,401 

LESS THAN
1 YEAR
£’000 

 3,534 
 4,381 
 957 
 410 
 12,315 
 21,597 

LESS THAN
1 YEAR
£’000 

 3,225 
 4,408 
 14,428 
 467 
 12,449 
 34,977 

2-5 YEARS 

£’000 

– 
 12 
 13,660 
 622 
– 
 14,294 

2-5 YEARS
£’000 

– 
 20 
 17,608 
 882 
– 
 18,510 

OVER 
5 YEARS 
£’000 

– 
– 
– 
 10,038 
– 
 10,038 

OVER
5 YEARS 
£’000 

– 
– 
– 
 9,914 
– 
 9,914 

The Group would normally expect that sufficient cash is generated in the operating cycle to meet the contractual cash flows as disclosed 
above through effective cash management. 

Market price risk
The Group is exposed to market price risk through interest rate and currency fluctuations.

Credit risk 
Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Group.

The Group is mainly exposed to credit risk on its cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables. The maximum exposure to credit 
risk is represented by the carrying amount of each financial asset in the balance sheet which at year end amounted to £27,671,000 (2022: 
£35,686,000). 

To mitigate risk on its cash and cash equivalents, the group only deposits surplus cash with well-established financial institutions of high 
quality credit standing.

The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade receivables. Ageing of past due gross trade receivables and the carrying amount 
net of loss allowances is set out below.

0-30 days
30-60 days
60-90 days
90+ days
Total
Being:
Mining
Property

2023

2022

GROSS 
AMOUNT
£’000 

LOSS 
ALLOWANCE
£’000 

NET CARRYING 
AMOUNT
£’000 

GROSS 
AMOUNT
£’000 

LOSS 
ALLOWANCE
£’000 

NET CARRYING 
AMOUNT
£’000 

3,433
-
9
489
3,931

2,951
980
3,931

(308)
-
(3)
(205)
(516)

(301)
(215)
(516)

3,125
-
6
284
3,415

2,650
765
3,415

4,438
18
15
932
5,403

3,878
1,525
5,403

-
(4)
(5)
(417)
(426)

-
(426)
(426)

4,438
14
10
515
4,977

3,878
1,099
4,977

Gross trade receivables mainly consist of amounts invoiced for rent, service charge and management fees and the sales of coal and all are 
inclusive of VAT and form part of Revenue (see note 1).

Trade receivables are presented in the balance sheet net of loss allowances. The Group applies the IFRS 9 simplified approach to measuring 
expected credit losses (ECLs) which uses a lifetime expected loss allowance for all trade receivables. Expected loss rates are based on the 
historic credit loss experienced and adjusted for current and forward information affecting the ability of the individual customers to settle 
receivables.

Trade receivables are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery.

In determining the ECLs an analysis of various factors has been performed on a customer by customer basis and considers the impact of 
economic conditions. These factors include an assessment of the customer’s default risk based on: industry and geographic location; and 
payment record, which includes how many days past due the receivable is, payment concessions granted and credit rating. ECLs are 
recognised net of securities held for the customer.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

22. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED
Potential customers are evaluated for creditworthiness and where necessary collateral is secured. There is no concentration of credit risk 
within the lease portfolio to either business sector or individual company as the Group has a diverse customer base with no one customer 
accounting for more than eight per cent of property rental income.

The loss allowances for trade receivables as at 31 December reconcile to the opening allowances as follows:

Opening loss allowance at 1 January
Increase/(decrease) in loan loss allowance recognised in profit and loss during the year
Receivables written off during the year as uncollectable
Unused amount reversed
Closing loss allowance at 31 December

2023
£’000 

426
341
(251)

-  

516

2022
£’000 

636
(42)
(128)
(40)
426

As at 31 December 2023, the Group held a loss allowance provision for trade receivables of £516,000 (2022: £426,000) and the 
impairment risk remains low with the loss allowance of £516,000 representing 1.0% of total income for the year (2022: 0.4%). The loss 
allowance at 31 December 2023 relating to property income is £215,000 (2022: £426,000) representing 4.1% of gross property income in 
the year (2022: 6.8%).

Customers’ credit ratings are reviewed regularly. The Group’s review includes measures such as the use of external ratings and establishing 
purchase limits for each customer.

The Group exposure to credit risk on its other receivables is mitigated through ongoing review of the underlying performance and resources 
of the counterparty including evaluation of different scenarios of probability of default and expected loss applicable to each of the 
underlying balances.

Foreign exchange risk 
Only Bisichi is subject to this risk. All trading is undertaken in the local currencies except for certain export sales which are invoiced in US 
Dollars. It is not the Bisichi Group’s policy to obtain forward contracts to mitigate foreign exchange risk on these contracts as payment 
terms are within 15 days of invoice or earlier. Funding is also in local currencies other than inter-company investments and loans and it is 
also not the Bisichi Group’s policy to obtain forward contracts to mitigate foreign exchange risk on these amounts. During 2023 and 2022 
the Bisichi Group did not hedge its exposure of foreign investments held in foreign currencies. 

The principal currency risk to which the Bisichi Group is exposed in regard to inter-company balances is the exchange rate between Pounds 
Sterling and South African Rand. It arises as a result of the retranslation of Rand denominated inter-company trade receivable balances held 
within the UK which are payable by South African Rand functional currency subsidiaries. 

Based on the Bisichi Group’s net financial assets and liabilities at 31 December 2023, a 25% strengthening of Sterling against the South 
African Rand, with all other variables held constant, would decrease the Bisichi Group’s profit after taxation by £280,000 (2022: £121,000). 
A 25% weakening of Sterling against the South African Rand, with all other variables held constant would increase the Bisichi Group’s profit 
after taxation by £466,000 (2022: £201,000). 

The 25% sensitivity has been determined based on the average historic volatility of the exchange rate.

The table below shows the Bisichi currency profiles of cash and cash equivalents:

Sterling
South African Rand
US Dollar

Cash and cash equivalents earn interest at rates based on LIBOR in Sterling and Prime in Rand. 

The tables below show the Bisichi currency profiles of net monetary assets and liabilities by functional currency:

2023:

Sterling
South African Rand
US Dollar

2022:

Sterling
South African Rand
US Dollar

70  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

2023
£'000 

1,570
1,109
563
3,242

2022 
£’000 

7,779
2,238
573
10,590

UK
£'000 

SOUTH AFRICA 
£'000 

12,082
40
2,095
14,217

-
(12,583)
-
(12,583)

UK
£’000 

SOUTH AFRICA 
£’000 

14,715
45
1,971
16,731

-
(11,743)
-
(11,743)

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

22. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED

Borrowing facilities 
At 31 December 2023 the Group was within its bank borrowing facilities and was not in breach of any of the covenants. Term loan 
repayments are as set out at the end of this note. Details of other financial liabilities are shown in notes 18, 19 and 20. 

Interest rate and hedge profile 

Fixed rate borrowings
Floating rate borrowings
– Other borrowings

Average fixed interest rate
Weighted average cost of debt on overdrafts, bank loans and debentures
Average period for which borrowing rate is fixed

2023 
£’000 

2022 
£’000 

 4,393 

 4,428 

 17,770 
 22,163 

10.96%
10.34%
0.3 years

 34,746 
 39,174 

6.97%
8.63%
0.4 years

The Group’s floating rate debt bears interest based on Bank of England base rate, banks’ base rate for the term bank loans and bank base 
rate for the overdraft.

Fair value of financial instruments
Fair value estimation
The Group has adopted the amendment to IFRS 7 for financial instruments that are measured in the balance sheet at fair value. This 
requires the methods of fair value measurement to be classified into a hierarchy based on the reliability of the information used to 
determine the valuation, as follows:
•   Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1).
•   Inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (that is, as prices) 

or indirectly (that is, derived from prices) (level 2).

•   Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (that is unobservable inputs) (level 3).

Financial assets
Quoted equities – non-current assets
Quoted equities – current assets

Financial liabilities
Interest rate swaps

Financial assets
Quoted equities – non-current assets
Quoted equities – current assets

Financial liabilities
Interest rate swaps

LEVEL 1 
£'000

LEVEL 2 
£'000

LEVEL 3 
£'000

TOTAL 
£'000

14,258
734

-

-
-

-

-
-

-

14,258
734

-

LEVEL 1 
£’000

LEVEL 2 
£’000

LEVEL 3 
£’000

TOTAL 
£’000

2023
GAIN/(LOSS) 
TO INCOME 
STATEMENT
£’000

856
(26)

-

2022
GAIN 
TO INCOME 
STATEMENT
£’000

12,590
886

-

-
-

-

-
-

-

12,590
886

-

718
40

69

Capital structure
The Group sets the amount of capital in proportion to risk. It ensures that the capital structure is commensurate to the economic conditions 
and risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may vary the amount of 
dividends paid to shareholders, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares or sell assets to reduce debt.
The Group considers its capital to include share capital, share premium, capital redemption reserve, translation reserve and retained 
earnings, but excluding the interest rate derivatives.
Consistent with others in the industry, the Group monitors its capital by its debt to equity ratio (gearing levels). This is calculated as the net 
debt (loans less cash and cash equivalents) as a percentage of the equity calculated as follows:

Total debt
Less cash and cash equivalents
Net debt
Total equity

2023
£'000 

28,060
(6,978)
21,082
48,313
43.6%

2022 
£’000

41,427
(15,382)
26,045
53,715
48.5%

The Group does not have any externally imposed capital requirements.

Following the introduction of IFRS 16 total debt includes lease liabilities.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 71

 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

22. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED

FINANCIAL ASSETS
The Group’s principal financial assets are bank balances and cash, trade and other receivables, investments and assets held for sale. The 
Group has no significant concentration of credit risk as exposure is spread over a large number of counterparties and customers. The credit 
risk in liquid funds and derivative financial instruments is limited because the counterparties are banks with high credit ratings assigned by 
international credit–rating agencies. The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade receivables. The amounts presented in the 
balance sheet are net of allowances for doubtful receivables, estimated by the Group’s management based on prior experience and the 
current economic environment.

FINANCIAL ASSETS MATURITY
Cash and cash equivalents all have a maturity of less than three months.

Cash at bank and in hand

2023
£'000 

6,978

2022 
£’000

15,382

These funds are primarily invested in short term bank deposits maturing within one year bearing interest at the bank’s variable rates. 

Financial liabilities maturity
The following table sets out the maturity profile of contractual undiscounted cashflows of financial liabilities as at 31 December:

Repayment of borrowings

Bank loans and overdrafts:
Repayable on demand or within one year
Repayable between two and five years

2023
£'000 

2022 
£’000

8,873
17,211
26,084

22,061
17,113
39,174

Certain borrowing agreements contain financial and other conditions that if contravened by the Group, could alter the repayment profile.

23. DEFERRED TAX ASSET / (LIABILITY)

Balance at 1 January
Transferred to consolidated income statement
Exchange adjustment
Balance at 31 December

The deferred tax balance comprises the following:
Revaluation of properties
Accelerated capital allowances
Short-term timing differences
Unredeemed capital deductions
Losses and other deductions
Deferred tax asset / (liability) at end of year:

There is no time limit in respect of the Group tax loss relief.

2023
£’000 

(752)
 1,011 
 173 
 432 

(1,265)
(4,558)
 560 
 2,665 
 3,030 
 432 

2022
£’000 

(309)
(465)
 22 
(752)

(1,140)
(4,302)
 544 
 1,439 
 2,707 
(752)

In addition, the Group has unused losses and reliefs with a potential value of £12,345,000 (2022: £11,605,000), which have not been 
recognised as a deferred tax asset. As the Group returns to profit, these losses and reliefs can be utilised. The valuation of losses is based 
on a 25% tax rate (2022: 25%).

24. SHARE CAPITAL
The Company has one class of ordinary shares which carry no right to fixed income.

NUMBER OF 
ORDINARY 10P
SHARES
2023

NUMBER OF 
ORDINARY 10P
SHARES
2022

 110,000,000 
 85,542,711 
(216,715)
 85,325,996 

 110,000,000 
 85,542,711 
(216,715)
 85,325,996 

2023
£’000 

 11,000 
 8,554 
(22)
 8,532 

2022 
£’000 

 11,000 
 8,554 
(22)
 8,532 

Authorised: ordinary shares of 10p each 
Allotted, issued and fully paid share capital
Less: held in Treasury (see below)
“Issued share capital” for reporting purposes

72  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

24. SHARE CAPITAL CONTINUED

Treasury shares

NUMBER OF ORDINARY  
10P SHARES

COST / ISSUE VALUE

Shares held in Treasury at 1 January 
Issued for share incentive plan - dividends investment (Dec 2020 - 10.5p)
Shares held in Treasury at 31 December 

 216,715 
– 
 216,715 

 218,197 
(1,482)
 216,715 

2023

2022

2023
£’000 

 144 
– 
 144 

2022 
£’000 

 144 
– 
 144 

Share Option Schemes
Employees’ share option scheme (Approved scheme)
At 31 December 2023 there were no options to subscribe for ordinary shares outstanding, issued under the terms of the Employees’ Share 
Option Scheme.

This share option scheme was approved by members in 1986 and has been approved by His Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (HMRC). 

There are no performance criteria for the exercise of options under the Approved scheme, as this was set up before such requirements 
were considered to be necessary.

A summary of the shares allocated and options issued under the scheme up to 31 December 2023 is as follows:

CHANGES DURING THE YEAR

AT 1
JANUARY
2023

OPTIONS
EXERCISED

OPTIONS
GRANTED

OPTIONS
LAPSED

 2,367,604 
Shares issued to date 
Shares allocated over which options have not been granted
 1,549,955 
Total shares allocated for issue to employees under the scheme  3,917,559 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

AT 31 
DECEMBER
2023

 2,367,604 
 1,549,955 
 3,917,559 

Non–approved Executive Share Option Scheme (Unapproved scheme)
A share option scheme known as the “Non–approved Executive Share Option Scheme” which does not have HMRC approval was set up 
during 2000. At 31 December 2023 there were no options to subscribe for ordinary shares outstanding.

The exercise of options under the Unapproved scheme is subject to the satisfaction of objective performance conditions specified by the 
remuneration committee which confirms to institutional shareholder guidelines and best practice provisions.

A summary of the shares allocated and options issued under the scheme up to 31 December 2023 is as follows:

CHANGES DURING THE YEAR

AT 1
JANUARY
2023

OPTIONS
EXERCISED

OPTIONS
GRANTED

OPTIONS
LAPSED

 450,000 
Shares issued to date 
 550,000 
Shares allocated over which options have not yet been granted
Total shares allocated for issue to employees under the scheme  1,000,000 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

The Bisichi PLC Unapproved Option Schemes 
Details of the share option schemes in Bisichi are as follows:

AT 31 
DECEMBER
2023

 450,000 
 550,000 
 1,000,000 

YEAR OF GRANT

2022

SUBSCRIPTION 
PRICE PER SHARE 

PERIOD WITHIN 
WHICH OPTIONS 
EXERCISABLE 

NUMBER OF SHARES
FOR WHICH OPTIONS 
OUTSTANDING AT 
31 DECEMBER 2022

NUMBER OF 
SHARE OPTIONS 
ISSUED/EXERCISED/ 
(CANCELLED) 
DURING YEAR 

NUMBER OF SHARES 
FOR WHICH OPTIONS 
OUTSTANDING AT 
31 DECEMBER 2023

352.0p Feb 2022 - Feb 2032

 760,000 

– 

 760,000 

The exercise of options under the Unapproved Share Option Schemes, for certain option issues, is subject to the satisfaction of the 
objective performance conditions specified by the Bisichi remuneration committee, which will conform to institutional shareholder 
guidelines and best practice provisions in force from time to time.

There are no performance or service conditions attached to 2022 options which are outstanding at 31 December 2023. 

Outstanding at 1 January
Cancelled during the year
Issued during the year
Outstanding at 31 December
Exercisable at 31 December

2023
WEIGHTED 
AVERAGE
EXERCISE PRICE

352.0p
 - 
 - 
352.0p
352.0p

2023
NUMBER

 760,000 
– 
– 
 760,000 
 760,000 

2022
WEIGHTED
AVERAGE
EXERCISE PRICE

79.5p
79.5p
352.0p
352.0p
352.0p

2022
NUMBER

 680,000 
(680,000)
 760,000 
 760,000 
 760,000 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

25.  NON–CONTROLLING INTEREST (“NCI”)

As at 1 January
Share of profit for the year
Dividends paid
Shares issued
Exchange movement
As at 31 December

The following subsidiaries had material NCI:

Bisichi PLC 
Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd

2023
£’000 

 21,169 
 70 
(936)
– 
(480)
 19,823 

2022
£’000 

 10,536 
 18,462 
(8,031)
 237 
(35)
 21,169 

Summarised financial information for these subsidiaries is set out below. The information is before inter–company eliminations with other 
companies in the Group.

BISICHI PLC

Revenue
Profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent
Profit for the year attributable to NCI
Profit for the year
Other comprehensive expense attributable to owners of the parent
Other comprehensive expense attributable to NCI
Other comprehensive expense for the year

Balance sheet
Non–current assets
Current assets
Total assets

Current liabilities
Non–current liabilities
Total liabilities
Net current assets at 31 December

Cash flows
From operating activities
From investing activities
From financing activities
Net cash flows

2023
£’000 

 49,253 
 259 
 51 
 310 
(469)
(206)
(675)

 45,292 
 14,489 
 59,781 

(24,241)
(1,946)
(26,187)
 33,594 

 2,798 
(6,479)
(4,235)
(7,916)

2022
£’000 

 95,111 
 17,612 
 8,494 
 26,106 
(19)
(24)
(43)

 40,643 
 23,112 
 63,755 

(21,333)
(6,861)
(28,194)
 35,561 

 31,252 
(16,410)
(7,934)
 6,908 

The non–controlling interest comprises of a 37.5% shareholding in Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd, a coal mining company incorporated in 
South Africa.

Summarised financial information reflecting 100% of the underlying subsidiary’s relevant figures, is set out below.

BLACK WATTLE COLLIERY (PTY) LIMITED (“BLACK WATTLE”)

Revenue
Expenses
Profit for the year
Other comprehensive income
Total comprehensive income for the year

Balance sheet
Non–current assets
Current assets
Current liabilities
Non–current liabilities
Net assets at 31 December

74  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

2023
£’000 

 47,423 
(47,275)
 148 
– 
 148 

 18,843 
 9,033 
(20,460)
(2,252)
 5,164 

2022
£’000 

 93,356 
(63,289)
 30,067 
– 
 30,067 

 16,325 
 11,752 
(18,873)
(3,522)
 5,682 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

25.  NON–CONTROLLING INTEREST (“NCI”) CONTINUED
The non-controlling interest originates from the disposal of a 37.5% shareholding in Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd in 2010 when the total 
issued share capital in Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd was increased from 136 shares to 1,000 shares at par of R1 (South African Rand) 
through the following shares issue:

•   a subscription for 489 ordinary shares at par by Bisichi Mining (Exploration) Limited increasing the number of shares held from 136 

ordinary shares to a total of 625 ordinary shares;

•   a subscription for 110 ordinary shares at par by Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd;

•   a subscription for 265 “A” shares at par by Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd

On 12 April 2022 the total issued share capital in Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd was increased further from 1000 shares to 1002 shares at 
par of R1 through the following share issue:

•   a subscription of 1 “B” Share at par by Bisichi Mining (Exploration Limited);

•   a subscription of 1 “B” Share at par by Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd

Bisichi Mining (Exploration) Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of Bisichi PLC incorporated in England and Wales. 

Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd is a South African Black Economic Empowerment company and minority shareholder in Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd. 

The “A” shares rank pari passu with the ordinary shares save that they will have no dividend rights until such time as the dividends paid by 
Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd on the ordinary shares subsequent to 30 October 2008 will equate to R832,075,000.

A non-controlling interest of 15% in Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd is recognised for all profits distributable to the 110 ordinary shares held 
by Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd from the date of issue of the shares (18 October 2010). An additional non-controlling interest will be recognised 
for all profits distributable to the 265 “A” shares held by Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd after such time as the profits available for distribution, in 
Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd, before any payment of dividends after 30 October 2008, exceeds R832,075,000.

The “B” shares rank pari passu with the ordinary shares save that they have sole rights to the distributable profits attributable to certain 
mining reserves held by Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd. A non-controlling interest is recognised for all profits distributable to the “B” shares 
held by Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd from the date of issue of the shares (12 April 2022). 

26.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Related party: 
Simon Heller Charitable Trust
  Current account 
Loan account 

Directors and key management
  M A Heller, J A Heller and A R Heller

J Mintz
  C A Parritt
  R Priest
Totals at 31 December 2023
Totals at 31 December 2022

COST 
RECHARGED
(BY) / TO 
RELATED
PARTY
£’000

AMOUNTS 
OWED
(TO) / BY 
RELATED
PARTY
£’000

ADVANCED
BY RELATED
PARTY
£’000

(63)
– 

 18 
– 
(18)
(35)
(98)
(98)

(i)

(ii)
(ii)

– 
(700)

– 
 10 
– 
(9)
(699)
(699)

– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

Nature of costs recharged – (i) Property management fees (ii) Consultancy fees. 

Directors 
JA Heller and AR Heller have an interest in a number of private property companies. London & Associated Properties PLC uses agents to 
assist with day to day property management matters. In their agency capacity those agents also provide support to these private property 
companies. The approximate value of the services amounted to £70,000 (2022 £70,000).

In addition the Company received management fees of £10,000 (2022: £10,000) for work done for two charitable foundations, the 
Michael & Morven Heller Charitable Foundation and the Simon Heller Charitable Trust.

Until his death Sir Michael Heller was also interested in the private property companies in which JA Heller and AR Heller are interested.

The Simon Heller Trust has placed on deposit with LAP £700,000 at an interest rate of 9% which is refundable on demand.

An interest free loan of £10,000 made to J Mintz remained outstanding at year end.

C A Parritt provided consultancy services to the Company on an invoiced fee basis.

R Priest provided consultancy services to the Company on an invoiced fee basis. 

In 2012 a loan was made by Bisichi to one of the Bisichi directors, Mr A R Heller, for £116,000. Interest is payable on the director’s loan at a 
rate of 6.14 per cent. There is no fixed repayment date for the director’s Loan. The loan amount outstanding at year end was £41,000 
(2022: £41,000) and no repayment (2022: £nil) was made during the year.

The directors are considered to be the only key management personnel and their remuneration including employer’s national insurance for 
the year was £2,279,000 (2022: £1,981,000). All other disclosures required, including interest in share options in respect of those directors, 
are included within the remuneration report.

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

27.  EMPLOYEES
The average number of employees, including directors, of the Group during the year was as follows: 

Production
Administration

Staff costs during the year were as follows:

Salaries and other costs
Social security costs
Pension costs
Share based payments

2023

209
39
248

2023
£’000

7,825
497
538
– 
8,860

2022

213
33
246

2022
£’000 

10,323
751
382
 2,220 
13,676

28.  CAPITAL COMMITMENTS
There are no commitments for capital expenditure approved or contracted for at the year end (2022: £nil).

29.  LEASE RENTALS RECEIVABLE
The Group leases out its investment properties to tenants under operating leases. The future aggregate minimum rentals receivable under 
non–cancellable operating leases are as follows:

2023
2024
2025
2026
2027 +

2023
£’000

2,920
 2,569 
 2,206 
 1,756 
 12,679 
22,130

2022
£’000

4,245
 3,555 
 3,022 
 2,601 
 15,253 
28,676

30. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD
An exit fee of £220,000 is due to Paragon bank, the lender to our development in West Ealing when this loan is repaid. Details of any other 
contingent liabilities are disclosed in note 22. (2022: £Nil), 

Bank guarantees have been issued by the bankers of Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Limited on behalf of the Company to third parties. The 
guarantees are secured against the assets of the Company and have been issued in respect of the following:

Rail siding & transportation
Rehabilitation of mining land
Water & electricity

2023
£’000

43
1,614
41
1,698

2022
£’000

49
1,715
47
1,811

The interpretation of laws and regulations in South Africa where Bisichi operates can be complex and can lead to challenges from or 
disputes with regulatory authorities. Such situations often take significant time to resolve. Where there is a dispute and where a reliable 
estimate of the potential liability cannot be made, or where Bisichi, based on legal advice, considers that it is improbable that there will be 
an outflow of economic resources, no provision is recognised.

Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd is currently involved in a tax dispute in South Africa related to VAT. The dispute arose during the year ended 
31 December 2020 and is related to events which occurred prior to the years ended 31 December 2020. As at 26 April 2024, the Group 
has been advised that it has a strong legal case, that it has complied fully with the legislation and, therefore, no economic outflow is 
expected to occur. Because of the nature and complexity of the dispute, the possible financial effect of a negative decision cannot be 
measured reliably. Accordingly, no provision has been booked at the year end. At this stage, the Group believes that the dispute will be 
resolved in its favour. 

There have been no events or transaction that require adjustment or disclosure.

76  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

31.  COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Company balance sheet at 31 December 2023

Fixed assets
Tangible assets
Other investments:
Associated company
Subsidiaries and others

Current assets
Debtors
Bank balances

Creditors
Amounts falling due within one year
Net current liabilities
Total assets less current liabilities

Creditors
Amounts falling due after more than one year
Net assets

Capital and reserves
Share capital
Share premium account
Capital redemption reserve
Treasury shares
Retained earnings
Shareholders’ funds

NOTES

31.3

31.4
31.4

31.5

31.6

31.7

31.9

31.9

2023
£’000 

2022 
£’000 

 443 

 728 

 489 
 672 
 1,161 
 1,604 

 13,444 
 3,398 
 16,842 

(1,897)
 14,945 
 16,549 

 489 
 672 
 1,161 
 1,889 

 15,346 
 3,867 
 19,213 

(1,976)
 17,237 
 19,126 

(5)
 16,544 

(227)
 18,899 

 8,554 
 4,866 
 47 
(144)
 3,221 
 16,544 

 8,554 
 4,866 
 47 
(144)
 5,576 
 18,899 

The loss for the financial year was £2,355,000 (2022: loss £2,651,000)

These financial statements were approved by the board of directors and authorised for issue on 29 April 2024 and signed on its behalf by:

John Heller 
Director 

Jonathan Mintz 
Director

Company Registration No. 341829 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

31.  COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Balance at 1 January 2022
 Loss for the year 
Total comprehensive expense
Balance at 31 December 2022
Loss for the year 
Total comprehensive expense 
Balance at 31 December 2023

SHARE
CAPITAL
£’000 

SHARE 
PREMIUM
£’000 

CAPITAL
REDEMPTION
RESERVE
£’000 

TREASURY 
SHARES
£’000 

 8,554 
– 
– 
 8,554 
– 
– 
 8,554 

 4,866 
– 
– 
 4,866 
– 
– 
 4,866 

 47 
– 
– 
 47 
– 
– 
 47 

(144)
– 
– 
(144)
– 
– 
(144)

RETAINED 
EARNINGS
EXCLUDING 
TREASURY 
SHARES
£’000 

 8,227 
(2,651)
(2,651)
 5,576 
(2,355)
(2,355)
 3,221 

TOTAL
EQUITY
£’000 

 21,550 
(2,651)
(2,651)
 18,899 
(2,355)
(2,355)
 16,544 

£3.2 million (2022: £5.6 million) of retained earnings (excluding treasury shares) is distributable.

31.1. COMPANY 

Accounting policies
The following are the main accounting policies of the Company:

Basis of preparation
The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 101 ’Reduced 
Disclosure Framework’ (FRS 101) and Companies Act 2006. The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention as 
modified to include the revaluation of freehold and leasehold properties and fair value adjustments in respect of current asset investments 
and interest rate hedges.

The results of the Company are included in the consolidated financial statements. No profit or loss is presented by the Company as 
permitted by Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006. 

In these financial statements, the company has applied the exemptions available under FRS 101 in respect of the following disclosures:

•  Cash Flow Statement and related notes; 

•  Comparative period reconciliations for share capital, tangible fixed assets and intangible assets; 

•  Disclosures in respect of transactions with wholly owned subsidiaries; 

•  Disclosures in respect of capital management; 

•  The effects of new but not yet effective IFRSs; 

•  Disclosures in respect of the compensation of Key Management Personnel.

As the consolidated financial statements include the equivalent disclosures, the Company has also taken the exemptions under FRS 101 
available in respect of the following disclosures:

•  IFRS 2 Share Based Payments in respect of Group settled share based payments;

•   The disclosures required by IFRS 7 and IFRS 13 regarding financial instrument disclosures have not been provided apart from those 
which are relevant for the financial instruments which are held at fair value and are not either held as part of the trading portfolio or 
derivatives.

Key judgements and estimates
The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make assumptions and estimates that may affect the reported amounts 
of assets and liabilities and the reported income and expenses, further details of which are set out below. Although management believes 
that the assumptions and estimates used are reasonable, the actual results may differ from those estimates. Further details of the estimates 
are contained in the Directors’ Report and in the Group accounting policies.

INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES, ASSOCIATED UNDERTAKINGS AND JOINT VENTURES
Investments in subsidiaries, associated undertakings and joint ventures are held at cost less accumulated impairment losses.

Fair value measurements of investment properties and investments 
An assessment of the fair value of certain assets and liabilities, in particular investment properties, is required. In such instances, fair value 
measurements are estimated based on the amounts for which the assets and liabilities could be exchanged between market participants. To 
the extent possible, the assumptions and inputs used take into account externally verifiable inputs. However, such information is by nature 
subject to uncertainty. The fair value measurement of the investment properties may be considered to be less judgemental where external 
valuers have been used as is the case with the Company. 

78  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

31.1. COMPANY CONTINUED
The following accounting policies are consistent with those of the Group and are disclosed on page 48 to 54 of the Group financial 
statements.

•  Revenue 

•  Property operating expenses

•  Employee benefits

•  Financial instruments 

•  Investment properties

•  Other assets and depreciation

•  Assets held for sale

•  Income taxes

•  Leases

31.2. RESULT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR
The Company’s result for the year was a loss of £2,355,000 (2022: loss of £2,651,000). In accordance with the exemption conferred by 
Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the Company has not presented its own profit and loss account.

31.3. TANGIBLE ASSETS 

INVESTMENT PROPERTIES

OFFICE

FREEHOLD
£’000

LEASEHOLD
OVER 50 YEARS
£’000

LEASEHOLD
UNDER 50 
YEARS
£’000

EQUIPMENT
AND MOTOR 
VEHICLES
£’000

OFFICE
BUILDING
£’000

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

 185 
– 
– 
(10)
 175 

 175 
– 
 175 

– 
– 
– 
– 
 185 
 175 

 77 
 8 
(19)
– 
 66 

–
 66 
 66 

 23 
– 
(2)
 21 
 54 
 45 

 796 
– 
– 
– 
 796 

– 
 796 
 796 

 307 
 266 
– 
 573 
 489 
 223 

TOTAL
£’000

 1,058 
 8 
(19)
(10)
 1,037 

 175 
 862 
 1,037 

 330 
 266 
(2)
 594 
 728 
 443 

Cost or valuation at 1 January 2023
Additions in the year
Disposals
Decrease on revaluation
Cost or valuation at 31 December 2023

Representing assets stated at:
Valuation
Cost

Depreciation at 1 January 2023
Charge for the year
Disposals
Depreciation at 31 December 2023
Net book value at 1 January 2023
Net book value at 31 December 2023

The freehold and leasehold properties, excluding the present value of head leases and directors’ valuations, were valued as at 31 December 
2023 by professional firms of chartered surveyors. The valuations were made at fair value. The directors’ property valuations were made at 
fair value.

Allsop LLP

Add: Present value of headleases

2023
£’000 

170
170
5
175

2022
£’000

180
180
5
185

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

31.3. TANGIBLE ASSETS CONTINUED
The historical cost of investment properties was as follows:

Cost at 1 January 2023
Cost at 31 December 2023

FREEHOLD 
£’000 

LEASEHOLD
OVER 50 YEARS
£’000

– 
– 

– 
– 

LEASEHOLD
UNDER 50 
YEARS
£’000

 785 
 785 

Head leases on investment property represent the value attributed to the right of the Company to occupy and use investment property that 
has a head lease interest. In the current year total cash outflow for head leases is £nil (2022: £nil). A number of these leases provide for 
payment of contingent rent, usually a proportion of net rental income, in addition to fixed rents.

Office building represents the value attributed under IFRS 16 to the right of the Company to occupy its sole office building. In the current 
year total cash outflow for the office lease liability is £0.3 million (2022: £0.3 million).

31.4. OTHER INVESTMENTS

COST OR VALUATION

At 1 January 2023
At 31 December 2023

SHARES IN
SUBSIDIARY
COMPANIES
£’000

SHARES IN
JOINT
VENTURES
£’000

 508 
 508 

 164 
 164 

TOTAL
£’000

 1,161 
 1,161 

SHARES IN
ASSOCIATE 
£’000

 489 
 489 

Subsidiary companies
Details of the Company’s subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates are set out in note 12. Dragon is a joint venture and Bisichi and 
Development Physics are associates of the Company.

In 2022 the Company’s investment Orchard Square Limited investment was impaired to a carrying value of £nil and, as explained in note 6, 
following the loss of effective control of this subsidiary, no value is attributed to it at 31 December 2023.

31.5. DEBTORS

Trade debtors
Amounts due from associate and joint ventures
Amounts due from subsidiary companies
Other debtors
Prepayments and accrued income

31.6. CURRENT LIABILITIES

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year

Trade payables
Amounts owed to subsidiary companies

Amounts owed to joint ventures

Other taxation and social security costs

Lease liabilities

Other creditors

Accruals and deferred income

Borrowings
The company has no bank borrowings.

80  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

2023
£’000 

 27 

 1,978 

 11,138 

 157 

 144 

 13,444 

2022
£’000

 66 
 1,380 
 12,931 
 818 
 151 
 15,346 

2023
£’000 

 45 

 382 

 33 

 118 

 223 

 738 

 358 

2022
£’000

 57 

 384 

 120 

 39 

 252 

 786 

 338 

 1,897 

 1,976 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

31.7. CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE AFTER MORE THAN ONE YEAR

Lease liabilities

LEASE LIABILITIES

Minimum lease payments fall due:
Within one year
Second to fifth year
After five years

Future finance charges on lease liabilities
Present value of lease liabilities

Present value of lease liabilities:
Within one year
Second to fifth year
After five years

1  Many head leases on investment properties provide for contingent rent in addition to the rents above, usually a proportion of rental income. 

Lease liabilities greater than one year are £5,000 (2022: £226,000).

Lease liabilities are effectively secured as the rights to the leased asset revert to the lessor in the event of default.

31.8. DEFERRED TAX LIABILITY

Deferred Taxation
Balance at 1 January

Transfer to profit and loss account

Balance at 31 December

The deferred tax balance comprises the following:
Accelerated capital allowances
Short–term timing differences
Revaluation of investment properties
Loss relief
Deferred tax asset at year end

2023
£’000 

– 

– 

– 

(132)

 290 

(4)

(154)

– 

2023
£’000 

 5 

 5 

2022
£’000

 227 

 227 

2023 
HEAD 
LEASES ON 
INVESTMENT 
PROPERTY 1 
£’000

2023
TOTAL 
£’000

2023 
OFFICE 
£’000

2022
TOTAL
£’000

239
2
12
253
(25)
228

223
2
3
228

-
2
12
14
(9)
5

-
2
3
5

239
-
-
239
(16)
223

223
-
-
223

287
241
12
540
(62)
478

251
224
3
478

2022
£’000

(451)

 451 

– 

(39)
 290 
 447 
(698)
– 

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 81

 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

31.9. SHARE CAPITAL
Details of share capital, treasury shares and share options are set out in note 24.

31.10. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Related party: 
Development Physics Limited
  Current account 
Dragon Retail Properties Limited
  Current account 
West Ealing Projects Limited
  Current account 
Bisichi Mining PLC 
  Current account 
Simon Heller Charitable Trust
  Current account 
Loan account 

Directors and key management
  M A Heller, J A Heller and A R Heller

J Mintz
  C A Parritt
  R Priest
London & Associated Securities
Totals at 31 December 2023
Totals at 31 December 2022

COST 
RECHARGED
TO (BY) 
RELATED
PARTY
£’000

– 

 36 

– 

 200 

(63)
– 

 18 
– 
(18)
(35)
– 
 138 
 138 

AMOUNTS 
OWED
BY (TO) 
RELATED
PARTY
£’000

ADVANCED TO
(BY) RELATED
PARTY
£’000

 226 

(33)

 84 

– 

 1,619 

 381 

– 

– 
(700)

– 
 10 
– 
(9)
– 
 1,113 
 561 

– 

– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
 465 
 306 

(i)

(ii)

(i)

(iii)
(iii)

Nature of costs recharged – (i) Management fees (ii) Property management fees (iii) Consultancy fees 

During the period, the Company entered into transactions, in the ordinary course of business, with other related parties. The company has 
taken advantage of the exemption under paragraph 8(k) of FRS101 not to disclose transactions with wholly owned subsidiaries.

Dragon Retail Properties Limited – ‘Dragon’ is owned equally by the Company and Bisichi PLC.

Bisichi PLC – The company has 41.602 per cent ownership of ‘Bisichi’.

Other details of related party transactions are given in note 26.

31.11. EMPLOYEES

The average weekly number of employees of the company during the year were as follows: 
Directors & Administration 

Staff costs during the year were as follows: 

Salaries 
Social Security costs 
Pension costs 

31.12. CAPITAL COMMITMENTS
There was a capital commitment of £nil at 31 December 2023, being approved and contracted for (2022: £nil).

2023

2022

24

18

2023

£’000

 1,330 
171
 89 
1,590

2022

£’000

 1,432 
 171 
 82 
1,685

82  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the financial statements

31.13. FUTURE AGGREGATE MINIMUM RENTALS RECEIVABLE
The Company leases out its investment properties to tenants under operating leases. The future aggregate minimum rentals receivable 
under non–cancellable operating leases are as follows:

2023
2024
2025

31.14. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND POST BALANCE SHEET EVENTS
There were no contingent liabilities at 31 December 2023 (2022: £Nil).

There have been no events or transaction that require adjustment or disclosure.

2023
£’000

7
5
-
12

2022
£’000

7
7
5
19

London & Associated Properties PLC 2023 83

 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Five year financial summary

Portfolio size
Investment properties–LAP^
Investment properties–Dragon Retail Properties
Investment properties–Bisichi^
Assets held for sale-LAP
Inventories-LAP

PORTFOLIO ACTIVITY
Acquisitions
Disposals (note 6, 13)
Additions to inventory at cost

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT
Group income
(Loss)/profit before tax
Taxation
(Loss)/profit attributable to shareholders
(Loss)/profit per equity share – basic and diluted
Dividend per share

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
Shareholders’ funds attributable to equity shareholders
Net borrowings, excluding lease obligations
Net assets per share

Consolidated cash flow statement
Cash generated from operations

^ Excluding the present value of head leases

2023 
£M

2022 
£M

2021 
£M

2020 
£M

2019
£M

22
2
11
1
9
45

£M
-
(14.75)
0.78
(13.97)

£M
53.18
(3.48)
(0.31)
(3.86)
(4.52)p
0.00p

£M
28.49
19.11
43.92p

£M
3.69

23
2
10
–
23
58

£M
2.53
(5.70)
0.75
(2.42)

£M
100.24
33.17
(12.00)
2.70
3.17p
0.00p

£M
32.55
23.47
38.14p

£M
39.39

25
2
11
1
25
64

£M
0.09
(4.17)
1.02
(3.06)

£M
56.48
1.52
(0.70)
(0.15)
(0.18)p
0.00p

£M
29.70
30.15
34.78p

£M
5.82

31
2
10
–
25
68

£M
0.33
–
0.39
0.72

£M
35.02
(10.15)
(1.09)
(6.70)
(7.86)p
0.00p

£M
29.86
33.93
34.99p

£M
1.64

31
2
12
–
27
72

£M
0.14
(12.59)
0.41
(12.04)

£M
63.97
(4.54)
(0.95)
(6.48)
(7.59)p
0.00p

£M
36.73
27.65
43.04p

£M
14.98

84  London & Associated Properties PLC 2023

www.lap.co.uk

FSC® C001785

LONDON & ASSOCIATED PROPERTIES PLC
12 LITTLE PORTLAND STREET 
LONDON W1W 8BJ

EMAIL: ADMIN@LAP.CO.UK