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London Finance & Investment Group Plc

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FY2023 Annual Report · London Finance & Investment Group Plc
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London F

inance &

I nv estment Group PLC

Annual  Report and F

inancial  S

tatements

30 June 2023

LONDON FINANCE & INVESTMENT GROUP PLC 
(“Lonfin” or the “Company”) 

Lonfin is a United Kingdom investment finance and management company. Its core portfolio centres on 
quality  companies  in  the  FTSE  Eurofirst  300  and  S&P  500  indices.  Additionally,  Lonfin  holds 
investments in United Kingdom listed companies where it has Directors in common. Lonfin is also a 
43.8% shareholder in Western Selection PLC (“Western”). Western’s share capital is admitted to trading 
on the AQSE Growth Market. 

Lonfin’s shares are quoted in the official lists of the London and Johannesburg stock exchanges. The 
current price of the Company's shares can  be found  on the website  of the  London  Stock Exchange 
(www.londonstockexchange.com)  and  in  the  business  section  of  some  of  the  major  South  African 
newspapers. 

_______________________________ 

CITY GROUP PLC 
(“City Group”) 

City  Group,  which  is  owned  by  Lonfin  and  Western,  provides  office  accommodation,  company 
secretarial, finance and head office services to both companies and to other clients requiring a London 
presence, including companies in which Lonfin and Western have an investment. 

The Company and its subsidiaries, all of which are incorporated in England, have their principal place 
of business and their registered office at Suite 1.01, Central Court, 25 Southampton Buildings, London 
WC2A 1AL. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Contents  

Directors 

Corporate Contacts 

Summary of Net Assets 

Financial Calendar 

Strategic Report 

Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities in Respect of the Financial Statements 

Independent Auditor’s Report To The Members Of London Finance & Investment Group Plc 

Consolidated Statement of Total Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

Company Statement of Financial Position 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

Company Statement of Cash Flows 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity 

Company Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

Directors’ Report 

Corporate Governance Statement 

Audit Committee Report 

Directors’ Remuneration Report 

Task Force on Climate-related financial disclosures (“TCFD”) Report 

Summary of Results 

NOTICE OF ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING 

Proxy Form 

Page 

1 

2 

3 

3 

4 

12 

13 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

43 

50 

56 

59 

66 

68 

69 

Enclosed 

 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Directors 

D.C. MARSHALL, Chairman ♦
David  Marshall  joined  the  Board  in  1971.  He  is  the  chairman  of  London  Finance  &  Investment 
Group PLC.  David is also chairman of Western and chief executive of Marshall Monteagle PLC.  
He is also a non-executive director of Industrial & Commercial Holdings PLC. He resides in South 
Africa, where he has interests in listed trading, financial and property companies.

E.J. BEALE, Non-Executive ♦
Edward Beale is a Chartered Accountant and is the Financial Director of Marshall Monteagle PLC. 
He was a member of the Accounting Council of the Financial Reporting Council for 6 years until 
August  2013.  He  is  currently  a  member,  and  previously  was  chairman,  of  the  Corporate 
Governance Expert Group of the Quoted Companies Alliance. He is a non-executive director of 
Western,  Brand  Architekts  Group  PLC,  Heartstone  Inns  Limited and Industrial  &  Commercial 
Holdings PLC. He joined the Board in April 2016.

J.H. MAXWELL, CA, CCMI, Senior Independent Non-Executive *
John  Maxwell,  who  is  a  Chartered  Accountant,  was  appointed  a  Director  of  the  Company  in 
November 2003. He currently serves as Chief Executive Officer of Vulcan Industries Plc and as a 
non-executive director of The Grosvenor Waterside Residents Company Limited. John is Chairman 
of the Remuneration and Nomination Committees.

• 

F.W.A. LUCAS, BSc, PhD, Independent Non-Executive * 
Frank Lucas was appointed a Director in August 1999. He is a mining geologist by profession 
and one of the founding shareholders and a Director of Loeb Aron & Company Ltd. Frank is 
Chairman of the Audit Committee.

• 

W.H. MARSHALL, Non-Executive
Warwick Marshall joined the Board in January 2019. Warwick is a son of David Marshall and lives 
in Zug, Switzerland. He established the trading division of the Monteagle Group in 1993 initially 
trading  in retailer  branded  fast moving consumer goods, and then  later diversifying into metals, 
minerals, logistics and trade finance. He is a director of various other group operating companies 
and has extensive investment experience in his private capacity. 

*    Member of the Audit Committee
♦   Member of the Investment Committee          •  Member of the Remuneration Committee

        Member of the Nomination Committee

1

1

_____________________________________________ 

Corporate Contacts  

Company 
Secretary  

Registered 
Office 

United Kingdom 

Republic of South Africa 

City Group PLC 

Suite 1.01, Central Court  
25 Southampton Buildings 
London, WC2A 1AL 
United Kingdom 
Tel: + 44 (0) 20 3709 8740  

11 Sunbury Park 
La Lucia Ridge Office Estate 
La Lucia 4051 
Durban, South Africa 
Tel: +27 (0)31 566 7600 

Company 
Registered 
Number 

201151 

Website 

www.city-group.com/london-finance-investment-group-plc 

Registrars 

Sponsor 

Neville Registrars Limited 
Neville House 
Steelpark Road 
Halesowen 
West Midlands B62 8HD 
Tel: +44 (0)121 585 1131 

Computershare Investor Services 
(Pty.) Limited 
70 Marshall Street 
Johannesburg, 2001, South Africa 
(P.O. Box 61051, Marshalltown 2107) 
Tel: +27 11 370 5000 

JSE Limited Sponsor: 
Questco Corporate Advisory  
Ground Floor, Block C,  
Investment Place, 10th Road,  
Hyde Park, 2196 Johannesburg,  
South Africa 
Tel: +27 11 011 9212  

Independent 
Auditor 

PKF Littlejohn LLP 
Statutory Auditor  
15 Westferry Circus 
Canary Wharf 
London E14 4HD 

2 

2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Summary of Net Assets  
At 30 June 

Strategic Investments at fair value: 
Western Selection Plc 
Finsbury Food Group Plc 

General Equity Portfolio at fair value 
Tangible non-current assets 
Right of use asset 
Cash, bank balances and deposits 
Other net current liabilities 
Lease liabilities 
Deferred taxation 
Non-Controlling interests 

2023 

£000 

3,144 
- 
3,144 

15,496 
3 
16 
1,264 
(238)   
(33)   
(1,012)   
(157)   

2022 

£000 

2,751 
1,206 
3,957 

14,055 
12 
81 
407 
(327) 
(107) 
(843) 
(141) 

Net assets attributable to shareholders, including investments 
at fair value 

18,483 

17,094 

59.2p   

0.55p   
0.60p   

38.5p   

54.8p 

0.55p 
0.60p 

35.5p 

Net assets per share 

Dividends* 
Interim 
Proposed Final 

Mid-market price on 30 June  

*Information on Dividends is set out on page 6 

Financial Calendar 

Announcement of  
Final Results for the  
year ended 30 June 2023 

29 September  2023 

Annual General Meeting  

28 November  2023 

Final Dividend for 2023 

Payable on 20 December 2023 to shareholders on the register of 

Half year results to  
31 December 2023 

to be announced in February 2024

members at 8 December 2023  

Interim Dividend for 2023 

to be announced in February 

2024

3

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Strategic Report 

Strategy, Business Model and Investment Policy 

Lonfin is an investment company whose objective is to generate growth in shareholder value in real terms 
over the medium to long term whilst maintaining a progressive dividend policy. 

The Group’s investment policy is to invest in a range of ‘Strategic’, ‘General Portfolio’ and from time to 
time ‘Other Investments’. General Portfolio Investments comprise liquid stock market investments, both 
in equity instruments and bonds, and, at the Board’s discretion, ‘Other Investments’ are typically property 
and  other  physical  assets.  Strategic  Investments  are  significant  investments  in  smaller  UK  quoted 
companies. These are balanced by the General Portfolio, which consists of a broad range of investments 
in major USA, UK and other European companies which provides a diversified exposure to international 
equity markets.   

Further information on the Group’s Investment Policy can be found in the Directors’ Report on page 43. 
The Group’s net assets per share for 2023 have increased from the previous year to £18,640,000 and 
increased 1.2% over the last five years. Shareholders’ total dividends for 2023 remains the same at 1.15p. 
Information on the Group’s performance against the Board’s key performance indicators (KPIs) is set out 
on page 8 of this report.   

Results 

  Net assets have increased to 59.2p per share (2022 – 54.8p per share) 
  The sale of all 1,800,000 shares in Finsbury Food Group Plc for £1,325,000 has led to decrease 

in value of the Strategic Investments, from £3,957,000 to £3,144,000. 

  The value of the General Portfolio has increased, including investment purchases and sales, over 

the year, by 10.2% from £14,055,000 to £15,496,000. 

  The unrealised  fair value  adjustment to the General  Portfolio  investments  over the period  has 

increased by £678,000. 

  No significant increase in Group operating costs 
  A final dividend of 0.60p per share is recommended, making a total of 1.15p per share for the 

year (2022 – 1.15p) 

The Company and its subsidiaries (“Group”) recorded an operating profit for the year, before interest, tax 
and changes to the fair value adjustments of investments of £761,000, compared to operating profit for 
the previous year, before tax and changes to the fair value adjustments of investments, of £180,000. The 
profit on disposal of Strategic Investment has led to Total Comprehensive profit for the year of £1,748,000 
compared to Comprehensive loss of £1,440,000 for the previous year. Basic and headline earnings per 
share are 4.4p (2022 - loss of 1.4p). 

Strategic Investments 

The value of the Strategic Investments has decreased by £813,000 due to the disposal of Finsbury Food 
Group Plc shares during the year and the market movements in the share prices.  

4 

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Strategic Report (continued) 

Western Selection PLC (“Western”)  

The Group holds 7,860,515 ordinary shares, being 43.8% of the issued share capital of Western.  

Western’s preliminary results for the year ended 30 June 2023 are expected to be announced at the end 
of October 2023 in line with the financial reporting requirements of its listing on the AQSE Growth Market.   

Western  is a strategic investment which  is technically a subsidiary of the Company that  has not  been 
consolidated due to the application of the investment entity exemption under IFRS 10.  

David Marshall is the Chairman and Edward Beale is a non-executive director of Western. 

Core Holdings of Western Selection PLC 

Western’s main Core Holdings have been Crestchic Plc (formerly Northbridge Industrial Services plc) 
and Kinovo Plc (formerly Bilby plc).   

Crestchic Plc (previously Northbridge Industrial Services Plc)  

During the year, Western has sold all its shares in Crestchic. 

Kinovo Plc (“Kinovo”) (formerly Bilby Plc) 

During the year Western sold 3,795,000 of Kinovo shares releasing £1,450,000 of funds. 
As at 30 June 2023 Western held 3,705,000 Kinovo shares which represents 12.07% of Kinovo’s issued 
share capital. The market value of this investment on 30 June 2023 was £1,500,525 (2022- £1,125,000), 
which represented approximately 10.3% (2022 – 11.3%) of Western’s net assets. 

As at 21 July 2023 all shares in Kinovo have been sold. 

Finsbury Food Group plc (“Finsbury”)  
All shares in Finsbury Food Group have been disposed of. 

General Portfolio 

The investments comprising the General Portfolio at 30 June 2023 are listed on page 11. 

The portfolio is diverse with material interests in Food and Beverages, Natural Resources, Chemicals and 
Tobacco. We believe that the portfolio of quality companies we hold has the potential to outperform the 
market in the medium to long term. 

At 30 June 2023, the number of holdings in the General Portfolio was 37 (2022 – 40). The value of the 
General  Portfolio  over  the  year  has  increased  by  £1,441,000  (2022  -  increased  by  £1,974,000)  from 
£14,055,000  to  £15,496,000.  This  10.2%  increase  includes  investment  purchases  during  the  year  of 
£4,258,000 and investment sales (including selling expenses) during the same period of £4,407,000. 

The fair value of the General Portfolio investments, after adjusting for sales, has increased by 18.5% as 
at 30 June 2023.  

5

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Strategic Report (continued) 

Operations, Directors and Employees 

All of our operations and those of Western, with the exception of investment selection, are outsourced to 
our subsidiary, City Group PLC (“City Group”). City Group also provides office accommodation, company 
secretarial, finance and head office services to a number of other companies. City Group is responsible 
for the initial identification and appraisal of potential new strategic investments for the Company and the 
day-to-day monitoring of existing strategic investments and employs 6 people. 

Further  information  on  Directors  and  employees  is  set  out  in  the  Directors’  Report  on  page  48  of  this 
document. 

Greenhouse Gas Emissions 

Scope 2 emissions.  During the year  ended  30 June  2023, the Group’s  electricity consumption  for our 
London office was 1,167 KgCO2e equating to a carbon dioxide equivalent of 1 tonne (1 tCO2e/employee) 
(2022 – 1 tonne). The Company’s report on Task Force on Climate-related financial disclosures is set out 
on page 66 of this document.  

Dividend Declaration 

The Board recommends a final dividend of 0.60p (ZAR 13.98817 cents) per share, making a total of 1.15p 
(ZAR 26.81065 cents) per ordinary share for the year (2022 – 1.15p). Subject to shareholders’ approval 
at the Company’s Annual General Meeting (“AGM”) to be held on 28 November 2023, the dividend will 
be  paid  on  20  December  2023  to  those  shareholders  on  the  register  at  the  close  of  business  on  8 
December 2023. Shareholders on the South African register will receive their dividend in South African 
Rand  converted  from  Pounds  Sterling  (“Sterling”)  at  the  closing  rate  of  exchange  on  Thursday,  21 
September 2023 being GBP1= ZAR 23.31361. 

JSE Disclosure Requirements 

In respect of the normal gross cash dividend, and in terms of the South African Tax Act, the following 
dividend tax ruling only applies to those shareholders who are registered on the South African register on 
Friday, 8 December 2023.   

•  The number of shares in issue as at the dividend declaration date is 31,207,479; 
•  The dividend has been declared from income reserves. Funds are sourced from the Company’s 
main  bank  account  in  London  and  is  regarded  as  a  foreign  dividend  by  South  African 
shareholders; and 

•  The Company’s UK Income Tax reference number is 948/L32120. 

Dividend dates: 

Last date to trade (SA) 
Shares trade ex-dividend (SA) 
Shares trade ex-dividend (UK) 
Record date (UK and SA) 
Pay date 

Tuesday, 5 December 2023 
Wednesday, 6 December 2023 
Thursday, 7 December 2023 
Friday, 8 December 2023 
Wednesday, 20 December 2023 

Share certificates may not be de-materialised or re-materialised between Wednesday, 6 December 2023 
and Friday 8 December 2023, both days inclusive.  Shares may not be transferred between the registers 
in London and South Africa during this period either. 

The JSE Listings Requirements require disclosure  of additional information  in relation to any  dividend 
payments. 

6 

6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Shareholders registered on the South African register are advised that a dividend withholding tax will be 
withheld from the gross final dividend amount of ZAR 13.98817 cents per share at a rate of 20% unless 
a shareholder qualifies for an exemption; shareholders registered on the South African register who do 
not qualify for an exemption will therefore receive a net dividend of ZAR 11.19054 cents per share.  The 
dividend withholding tax and the information contained in this paragraph is only of direct application to 
shareholders  registered  on  the  South  African  register,  who  should  direct  any  questions  about  the 
application of the dividend withholding tax to Computershare Investor Services Proprietary Limited, Tel: 
+27 11 370 5000. 

Financial Instruments, Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

The  financial  instruments  of  the  Group,  in  addition  to  its  investments,  comprise  cash  to  finance  those 
investments. The Company also has an overdraft facility with its new banking provider Credit Suisse. The 
interest  rate  on  any  funds  drawn  down  is  floating  interest  and  for  the  current  reporting  period  ranges 
between 4.5% and 5.55%. The Group currently has no borrowings under this facility.   

As an investment company, our principal risks and uncertainties which arise from the Group’s financial 
instruments are: 

Stock market volatility, economic uncertainty, including inflation and energy concerns 
The  Group’s  investment  performance  will  be  affected  by  general  economic  and  market  conditions. 
Although the Group cannot predict the level of growth in the global economy, as with most businesses, 
it believes a period of weak market growth will have an adverse effect on its investments. Volatility 
relating to the Group’s investments, including movements in interest rates and returns from equity and 
other investments will impact upon the value of the Group’s investment portfolio. 

The risk has been increased by global energy supply and food shortage concerns and the rising cost 
of  living  and  inflation.  These  factors  diminish  investor  confidence  as  well  as  increasing  market 
uncertainty which can lead to a downturn in the markets. There have been large fluctuations on the 
stock markets in both the United Kingdom and globally, although stock market indices have recovered 
substantially  since  their  lows  in  March  2022.  The  long-term  effect  continues  to  be  on  maintaining 
dividend policies and on increased market volatility.  

Investments and General Portfolio investments 
A number of external factors outside the control of the Group, such as the continuing war in Ukraine, 
the  energy  supply  and  food  shortage  concerns  and  rising  inflation,  may  impact  the  share  price 
performance of its investments. Such factors could include investor sentiment, local and international 
stock  market  conditions,  divergence  of  results  from  analysts’  expectations,  changes  in  earnings 
estimates by analysts and changes in political and economic sentiment. Exchange rate movements 
will contribute to the volatility of prices of foreign stocks. 

7

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Strategic Report (continued) 

Ability to make Strategic Investments 
There are limited opportunities for the Group to make strategic investments and therefore there is no 
guarantee that the Group will be able to do so at a price the Directors believe will represent fair value. 

Liquidity of equity investments in Strategic Investments 
Strategic Investments may be made in the equity of “small cap” companies, both listed and unlisted. 
There is a risk that due to the low level of liquidity in the equity of these  Strategic Investments the 
Group may not be able to realise its investment, either at all, or at a price the Group believes reflects 
fair value. 

The depth and overlap of experience of Directors means that there is no key-man dependency. Note 21 
on pages 39 to 41 sets out the policies of the Board, which have remained substantially unchanged for 
the year under review, for managing risks associated with its financial instruments. 

In addition, the Group  is exposed to  investment risk  arising from the selection  of investments which  it 
mitigates by drawing on the investment experience of its Directors. 

Key Performance Indicators 

Key  Performance  Indicators  (‘KPIs’)  are  the  yardsticks  against  which  the  Board  measures  the 
performance of the Group. Our objectives are real growth over the long term in dividends and net assets 
per  share.  Our  performance  on  these  KPIs  is  shown  below.  As  an  investment  company,  we  have  no 
relevant non-financial KPIs. In addition, the Board also compares the  Group’s total shareholder return 
(TSR) with the TSR of the FTSE Eurofirst 100 index. A graph setting out that performance is set out on 
page 61. 

2023 

2022 

2021 

2020 

2019 
(restated) 

Net assets per share 
Change in net assets per share over 5 
years 
Dividends (net) per share 

59.2 

54.8p 

60.5p 

50.6p 

58.5p 

1.2% 

(16.2%) 

(7.7%) 

(17.6%) 

17.7% 

1.15p 

1.15p 

1.15p 

1.15p 

1.15p 

Definition of KPIs used above 

Net  assets  per  share  -  Net  assets  including  investments  at  market  value  at  the  period  end  valuation 
divided by the number of shares in issue at the year end. 

Dividends per share - Dividends declared for the year divided by the number of shares in issue at the 
year end. 

Financing Structure 

The Group is financed by equity funding. However, the Board believes that a reasonable level of gearing 
can enhance returns to shareholders. Accordingly, the Group has secured a bank credit facility with Credit 
Suisse. 

The Board currently has no plans to implement a share buy-back policy. 

Although  the  Board  has  no  intention  of  issuing  further  shares  in  the  Company  at  this  time,  to  provide 
Directors with flexibility over the management of the Company’s capital, shareholders are being asked to 
approve  resolutions  at  the  forthcoming  AGM  which  would  permit  the  Company  to  issue  new  ordinary 
shares, details of which are explained in the Directors’ Report on page 47. Similar resolutions have been 
approved by shareholders at the Company’s previous AGMs. 

8 

8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

S172 Statement 

In line with their duties as set out in Section 172 of the Companies Act 2006, the  Directors act in a way 
they consider would be most likely to promote the long term success of the  Group for the benefit of its 
members  as  a  whole,  whilst  also  having  regard  to  the  views  and  interests  of  wider  stakeholders  and 
matters as set out in Section172 (1).  

As an investment Group, the goal of the Group is to provide financial returns to the shareholders over the 
long term. In this respect the Directors, at all times, have due consideration as to the potential effect of 
investment decisions and the benefit they may bring to the shareholders.  

Key  investment  decisions  and  matters  that  are  of  strategic  importance  to  the  Group  are  appropriately 
informed  by  Section  172  factors.  The  Company’s  website,  www.city-group.com/london-finance-and-in-
vestment  -group-plc,  is  available  to  all  shareholders  and  other  stakeholders  and  key  decisions  of  the 
Board are announced to the London Stock Exchange through a Regulatory News Service.  

Due to the nature of the Group, the Company does not have executives, employees to consider as stake-
holders  except  in  the  case  of  the  staff  of  City  Group  PLC,  the  Company  Secretary.  Accordingly,  with 
regards to wider stakeholders, the  Directors consider the  underlying strategic companies in which the 
Group has invested as well as advisers and suppliers amongst the key stakeholders of the Group. In this 
respect, the Directors engage with these stakeholders on a frequent basis in order to build and strengthen 
such relationships. All stakeholders are encouraged to communicate with the Board through the Chair-
man or through City Group PLC.  

The views of and impact upon the wider stakeholders of the Group are considered as part of the Board 
decision-making process including engaging with stakeholders to ensure they have a clear understanding 
of the long-term goals of the Group and how the Directors intend to achieve these goals. 

The Directors are committed to upholding the highest standard of corporate governance within the Group 
and to ensure that they maintain a high level of knowledge and understanding of governance require-
ments  to  be  implemented  by  the  Group.  The  Directors  have  also  implemented  policies  to  ensure  the 
integrity and sustainability of the Group is upheld. 

The Directors’ Report and Corporate Governance Statement contain further details as to how the Direc-
tors undertake their decisions with regards to Section 172 of the Companies Act 2006 and the effect on 
the decision making of the Board. 

9

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Outlook  

The UK economy continues to adapt to the effects of Covid-19 and Brexit which have led to staff shortages 
across  the  UK  and  continued  disruption  to  supply  chains.  The  UK  is  now  having  to  deal  with  new 
challenges.  The  effects  of   Russia’s  invasion  of  Ukraine  and  the  subsequent  war  has  significantly 
increased  geopolitical  risk  and  created  considerable  uncertainty  in  the  UK  and  internationally.  Supply 
chains  have  been  disrupted  further,  interest  rates  and  inflation  are  rising  rapidly  and  the  prospect  of 
recession  is  a  major  concern  for  the  UK’s  new  administration.  Further  volatility  and  turbulence  in  the 
markets,  as  interest  rates  continue  to  increase,  can  be  expected.  The  last  12  months  have  been 
challenging, and will continue to be so, for the Group’s investments, particularly its Strategic Investments. 
The Board is confident that the Group has a solid base of investments which can lead to further capital 
growth in the medium to long term. 

Future Developments  

The Group’s development and its financial performance are dependent on the success of its Investment 
Strategy  and  the  continued  support  of  its  shareholders.  Against  a  background  of  challenging  and 
uncertain times in the markets due to the continued presence of Covid-19 and the emergence of  new 
variants, and the more recent concerns with the war in Ukraine, energy supply and food shortages and 
the rising cost of living alongside increasing inflation, the Board continues to seek out investments which 
will generate growth in shareholder value. The Board also continues to monitor and enhance the quality 
of investments in the General Portfolio. The Board continues to pursue its current Investment Policy and 
has  no  plans  to  make  any  further  changes  to  the  policy  in  the  near  future.  As  at  30  June  2023,  the 
Company held 37 investments in the General Portfolio. 

   By Order of the Board  

City Group PLC 
Company Secretary 

28 September 2023 

10 

10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Composition of General Portfolio 
At 30 June 2023 

Exxon Mobil Corp 
Deutsche Post 
Shell 
Unilever  
Totalenergies SE 
Caterpillar 
Legal & General 
Pernod Ricard 
L'Oreal 
Mercedes-Benz Group 
Nestle 
BAE Systems Plc 
Fedex 
LVMH Moet Hennessey  
British American Tobacco 
Linde AG 
Heineken  Holding 
Procter & Gamble Co 
Diageo 
Imperial Brands 
Rio Tinto 
JPMORGAN CHASE 
Chevron Corp Usd 0.75 
Glencore PLC 
BHP Group 
Halliburton 
Schindler 
Michelin 
Holcim 
Bank of America 
Reckitt Benckiser Group 
Nutrien Ltd 
Microsoft 
Apple 
Otis Worldwide Corp 
BASF 
Givaudan 

Analysis by currency 
US Dollar 
Euro 
GB Pound 
Swiss Franc 
AUS Dollar 

£000 
557 
536 
530 
526 
520 
516 
510 
500 
495 
474 
474 
464 
458 
455 
453 
447 
438 
433 
431 
428 
420 
418 
410 
406 
400 
396 
380 
362 
344 
339 
337 
334 
324 
285 
267 
218 
211 
15,496 

5,184 
3,555 
3,184 
3,173 
400 
15,496 

The Company’s investment in overseas multinational companies provides some protection against 
significant falls in the value of Sterling. 

11

% 
3.6 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.3 
3.3 
3.2 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
1.8 
1.7 
1.4 
1.4 
100.0 

34 
23 
20 
20 
3 
100 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Statement  of  Directors’  Responsibilities  in  Respect  of  the 
Financial Statements 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  Strategic  Report,  the  Directors’  Report,  the  Corporate 
Governance  Statement,  the  Audit  Committee  Report,  the  Directors’  Remuneration  Report  and  the 
financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.  

Company law requires directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law 
the  Directors  have  elected  to  prepare  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  UK-adopted 
International  Accounting  Standards.  Under  company  law  the  Directors  must  not  approve  the  financial 
statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group 
and the Parent Company and of the profit or loss of the Group and Parent Company for that period.  

In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are required to: 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

• 
•  make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 
• 

prepare financial statements in accordance with UK adopted International Accounting Standards in 
conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006, subject  
to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;  
prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume  
that the Group and Parent Company will continue in business. 

• 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and 
explain the Group and Parent Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time 
the financial position  of the Group and  Parent Company and enable them to  ensure that the  financial 
statements and the Directors’ Remuneration Report comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also 
responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and the Group and hence for taking reasonable 
steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information 
included on the Company’s website. The Company does not have a website but information about the 
Company  is  available  on  the  website  of  its  subsidiary,  City  Group.  Legislation  in  the  United  Kingdom 
governing  the  preparation  and  dissemination  of  the  financial  statements  may  differ  from  legislation  in 
other jurisdictions. 

Each of the Directors whose names and functions are listed on page 1 confirms that to the best of each 
person’s knowledge and belief: 

• 

• 

• 

The financial statements, prepared in accordance with UK-adopted International Accounting Stand-
ards, give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit/loss of the Group 
and the Parent Company.  
The Directors’ Report contained in the Annual Report includes a fair review of the development and 
performance of the business and the position of the Group and the Parent Company, together with 
a description of the principal risks and uncertainties that they face, and  
The Annual Report, taken as a whole, is fair, balanced and understandable and provides the infor-
mation necessary for shareholders to assess the Group’s performance, business model and strat-
egy. 

By Order of the Board  

City Group PLC 
Company Secretary 

28 September 2023 

12 

12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Independent Auditor’s Report To The Members Of London Finance & 
Investment Group Plc 

Opinion  

We  have  audited  the  financial  statements  of  London  Finance  &  Investment  Group  Plc  (the  ‘parent 
company’)  and  its  subsidiaries  (the  ‘group’)  for  the  year  ended  30  June  2023  which  comprise  the 
Consolidated Statement of Total Comprehensive Income, the Consolidated and Company Statements of 
Financial  Position,  the  Consolidated  and  Company  Statements  of  Cash  Flows,  the  Consolidated  and 
Company Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity and notes to the financial statements, including 
significant  accounting  policies.  The  financial  reporting  framework  that  has  been  applied  in  their 
preparation  is  applicable  law  and  UK-adopted  international  accounting  standards  and  as  regards  the 
parent company financial statements, as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 
2006.  

In our opinion:  

• 

• 

• 

• 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s and of the parent 
company’s affairs as at 30 June 2023 and of the group’s profit for the year then ended;  
the  group  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  UK-adopted 
international accounting standards;  
the parent company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with UK-
adopted international accounting standards and as applied in accordance with the provisions of 
the Companies Act 2006; and  
the  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  the 
Companies Act 2006.  

Basis for opinion  

We conducted our audit in accordance with International  Standards on  Auditing  (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and 
applicable  law.  Our  responsibilities  under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the  Auditor’s 
responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the 
group and parent company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of 
the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed public interest 
entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We 
believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our 
opinion.  

Conclusions relating to going concern  

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the director's use of the going concern basis 
of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. Our evaluation of the directors’ 
assessment of the group’s and parent company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of 
accounting included: 

•  Assessing management’s key assumptions in their consideration of the future financial perfor-

mance and cash flow requirements; 

•  Assessing  factors  available  to  management  including  their  ability  to  generate  cash  from  their 

investment portfolio, should that be required 

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events 
or  conditions  that,  individually  or  collectively,  may  cast  significant  doubt  on  the  group’s  or  parent 
company's ability to continue as a going concern for  a period of at least twelve months from when the 
financial statements are authorised for issue. 

13

13 

 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

In relation to the entities reporting on how they have applied the UK Corporate Governance Code, we 
have nothing material to add or draw attention to in relation to the directors’ statement in the financial 
statements about whether  the director’s considered it appropriate to  adopt the going concern basis of 
accounting. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described 
in the relevant sections of this report. 

Our application of materiality  

We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, and in evaluating the effect 
of  misstatements.  For  planning  and  fieldwork,  we  consider  materiality  to  be  the  magnitude  by  which 
misstatements, including omissions, either individually or in aggregate, could reasonably be expected to 
influence  the  economic  decisions  of  users  that  are  taken  on  the  basis  of  the  financial  statements. 
Misstatements below this level will not necessarily be evaluated as immaterial as we also take account 
of  the  nature  of  identified  misstatements,  and  the  particular  circumstances  of  their  occurrence,  when 
evaluating their effect on the financial statements. The application of these key considerations gives rise 
to two levels of materiality, the quantum and purpose of which are tabulated below.  

Materiality measure 

Key considerations and benchmarks 

Group materiality – Based on 
1% of invested assets (the 
aggregate of non-current and 
current investments) 

Parent company specific 
materiality: 

- 

- 

Investment balances 
(based on 1% of invest-
ments balance) 
non-investment balances 
(based on 3.5% of turno-
ver) 

Assessing  whether 
financial 
statements  as  a  whole  present  a  true 
and fair view. 

the 

Materiality  is  based  on  the  investment 
balance on the basis that this is the key 
driver of shareholder value. 

Materiality for investment balances are 
based on 1% of the year-end portfolio 
balance given that this is the most 
material balance on the balance sheet 
and the key driver of shareholder value 
as mentioned above for Group 
materiality. 

Under  ISA  (UK)  320  ‘Materiality  in 
Planning  and  Performing  an  Audit’,  an 
auditor is required to consider whether 
there  are  one  or  more  classes  of 
transactions  or  account  balances,  for 
which misstatements of lesser amounts 
than  materiality  could  reasonably  be 
expected  to  influence  the  economic 
decisions of users taken on the basis of 
the financial statements.  

Balances not related to investments 
have been applied a materiality of 
3.5% based on turnover.  

Amount 
£ 

2023 

Materiality: £190,000 

2022 

(Materiality: – £180,000) 

2023 

Investment balances 

Materiality: £185,000 

Performance Materiality: £148,400 

Triviality: £9,250 

Non-investment balances 

Materiality: £128,000 

Performance Materiality: £102,400 

Triviality: £6,400 

2022 

Investment balances 

(Materiality: – £140,000) 

(Performance Materiality: £112,000) 

(Triviality: £7,000) 

Non-investment balances 

(Materiality: – £27,000) 

(Performance Materiality: £21,600) 

(Triviality: £1,350) 

14 

14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Performance materiality represents amounts set by the auditor at less than the overall materiality to re-
duce the probability that the aggregate of uncorrected and undetected misstatements exceeds the overall 
materiality. In setting this we consider the overall control environment and our experience from previous 
audits which has indicated a low number of corrected and uncorrected misstatements. Based on these 
factors  we  have  set  performance  materiality  at  80%  of  our  overall  materiality  -  £152,000  (2022  - 
£144,000).  

We have applied lower materiality levels in the audit of the component entities i.e. the Parent, City Group 
PLC and Lonfin Investments Limited. 

We agreed that we would report to the Audit Committee all audit differences in excess of 5% of 
materiality - £9,500 (2022 - £9,000)  as well as differences below that threshold that, in our view, 
warranted reporting on qualitative grounds.  

We  also  report  on  disclosure  matters  that  we  identified  when  assessing  the  overall  presentation  and 
disclosure of the financial statements to the Audit Committee. 

Our approach to the audit 
Our audit approach was developed by obtaining an understanding of the group’s and parent company’s 
activities, the key functions undertaken on behalf of the Board by specialist outsourced service providers 
and  the  overall  control  environment.  Based  on  this  understanding,  we  assessed  those  aspects  of  the 
group  and subsidiary companies transactions  and balances, , which were most  likely to  give rise to a 
material misstatement and were most susceptible to irregularities including fraud or error.  Specifically, 
we identified what we considered to be key audit matters and planned our audit approach accordingly.  

The group and all its components were subject to a full scope audit undertaken from our office based in 
London by a team with relevant sector experience. 

Key audit matters  

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our 
audit of the financial statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of 
material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) we identified, including those which had the greatest 
effect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the 
engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements 
as  a  whole,  and  in  forming  our  opinion  thereon,  and  we  do  not  provide  a  separate  opinion  on  these 
matters.  

Key Audit Matter 

How our scope addressed this matter 

Valuation and Existence of investments (Note 
13) 

The valuation of the portfolio at 30 June 2023 
was  £18.6m  (2022  -  £18.0m),  comprising  a 
general  portfolio  of  listed  investments  and 
one strategic investment in Western Selection 
PLC. 

The valuation of investments, which are held 
at  fair  value,  was  considered  a  key  audit 
matter  as  investments  are  the  single  most 
financial 
significant  component  of 
statements  and  the  fair  value  movements 
thereon could have a pervasive impact on the 
financial  statements.  Furthermore,  although 
the  relevant  investments  are  in  companies 
whose shares are traded on recognised stock 
exchanges,  the  nature  of  those  exchanges 
and volume of trades in those shares may be 

the 

Our audit procedures included:  

reviewed 

Considering  the  design  and  implementation  of 
controls in place over the valuation of investments 
and  also 
the  assumptions  and 
underlying  evidence  supporting  the  year  end 
valuations to ensure that they are in line with IFRS 
and  the  International  Private  Equity  and  Venture 
Capital Valuation (“IPEV”) Guidelines. 

We  reviewed  management’s  valuation  reports 
prepared  for all investments considering whether, 
in our professional judgement, the methodology is 
the  most  appropriate in the circumstances under 

15 

15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
such that there is insufficient liquidity for bid 
price to be a suitably reliable measure of fair 
value. 

IPEV  guidelines  and, 

the 
investments we: 

for  100%  of 

the 

Additionally, 
the 
investments  recorded  as  held  by  the  group 
may not exist. 

is  a 

there 

that 

risk 

• 

reperformed  the calculation of the investment 
valuation;  

•  verified and benchmarked  the key inputs (bid 
price  and  stockholdings)  to  the  valuation  to 
independent information;  

•  where  appropriate,  we  performed  sensitivity 
analysis  on  the  valuation  calculations  where 
there  was  sufficient  evidence  to  suggest 
reasonable alternative inputs might exist;  
•  challenged management regarding significant 
judgements  made  particular  in  the  case  of 
those investments where the bid prices were 
derived from low volumes of trades;  
tested    100%  of  the  general  investments 
balance using a  tool which provides a range 
of 
information  and  prices  and  real-time 
investment reports; and  

• 

•  agreed  the  existence  of  investments  against 

the custodian reports  

Other information  

The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial 
statements  and  our  auditor’s  report  thereon.  The  directors  are  responsible  for  the  other  information 
contained within the annual report92. Our opinion on the group and parent company financial statements 
does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we 
do  not  express  any  form  of  assurance  conclusion  thereon.  Our  responsibility  is  to  read  the  other 
information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the 
financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be 
materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we 
are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements 
themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement 
of this other information, we are required to report that fact.  

We have nothing to report in this regard.  

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006  

In our opinion the part of the directors’ remuneration report to be audited has been properly prepared in 
accordance with the Companies Act 2006. 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

• 

• 

the  information  given  in  the  strategic  report  and  the  directors’  report  for  the  financial  year  for 
which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and  
the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable 
legal requirements.  

16 

16

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 

In  the  light  of  the  knowledge  and  understanding  of  the  group  and  the  parent  company  and  their 
environment  obtained  in  the  course  of  the  audit,  we  have  not  identified  material  misstatements  in  the 
strategic report or the directors’ report.  

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 
requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:  

•  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for 

• 

our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or  
the parent company financial statements and the part of the directors’ remuneration report to be 
audited are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 
• 
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or  
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Corporate governance statement  

We have reviewed the directors' statement in relation to going concern, longer-term viability and that part 
of the Corporate Governance Statement relating to the group’s and parent company's compliance with 
the provisions of the UK Corporate Governance Code specified for our review by the Listing Rules.  

Based on the work undertaken as part of our audit, we have concluded that each of the following elements 
of  the  Corporate  Governance  Statement  is  materially  consistent  with  the  financial  statements  or  our 
knowledge obtained during the audit: 

•  Directors'  statement  with  regards  the  appropriateness  of  adopting  the  going  concern  basis  of 

accounting and any material uncertainties identified set out on page 44; 

•  Directors’  explanation  as  to  their  assessment  of  the  group’s  prospects,  the  period  this 

assessment covers and why the period is appropriate set out on page 44; 

•  Directors’ statement on whether they have a reasonable expectation that the group will be able 

to continue in operation and meet its liabilities set out on page 44; 

•  Directors' statement that they consider the annual report and the financial statements, taken as 

a whole, to be fair, balanced and understandable set out on page 56; 

•  Board’s confirmation that it has carried out a robust assessment of the emerging and principal 

risks set out on page 44; 

•  The section of the annual report that describes the review of effectiveness of risk management 

and internal control systems set out on page 54; and 

•  The section describing the work of the audit committee set out on page 55. 

Responsibilities of directors  

As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement, the directors are responsible for the 
preparation of the group and parent company financial statements and for being satisfied that they give 
a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the 
preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.  

In  preparing  the  group  and  parent  company  financial  statements,  the  directors  are  responsible  for 
assessing the group’s and the parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as 
applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the 
directors either intend to liquidate the group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no 
realistic alternative but to do so.  

17

17 

 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements  

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are 
free  from  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error,  and  to  issue  an  auditor’s  report  that 
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an 
audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, 
they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of 
these financial statements.  

Irregularities,  including  fraud,  are  instances  of  non-compliance  with  laws  and  regulations.  We  design 
procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of 
irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, 
including fraud is detailed below: 

•  We obtained an understanding of the group and parent company and the sector in which they 
operate to identify laws and regulations that could reasonably be expected to have a direct effect 
on the financial statements. We obtained our understanding in this regard through discussions 
with management, industry research, application of cumulative audit knowledge and experience 
of the investment sector.  

•  We determined the principal laws and regulations relevant to the group and parent company in 
this regard to be those arising from the Listing Rules, applicable FCA rules, Corporate Govern-
ance Code, Companies Act 2006 and UK Tax legislation. 

•  We designed our audit procedures to ensure the audit team considered whether there were any 
indications of non-compliance by the group and parent company with those laws and regulations. 
These procedures included, but were not limited to: 

o  enquiries of management, review of board minutes and regulatory news service an-

nouncements with respect to the group, review of any legal and regulatory correspond-
ence, reviewing financial statement disclosures and testing to supporting documenta-
tion with respect to balances such as legal expenses to assess compliance with appli-
cable laws and regulations  

•  We also identified the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements due to fraud. We 
considered, in addition to the non-rebuttable presumption of a risk of fraud arising from manage-
ment override of controls, that a potential management bias was identified in relation to the valu-
ation of investments. We addressed this risk by challenging management’s valuations of strategic 
investments, whilst considering the performance and liquidity of those investments. In regards to 
the general portfolio, we also reviewed  and compared the key inputs used  in the valuation by 
using a  tool which provides historic share price information  (refer to KAM).  

•  As in all of our audits, we addressed the risk of fraud arising from management override of con-
trols by performing audit procedures which included, but were not limited to: the testing of jour-
nals; reviewing accounting estimates for evidence of bias; and evaluating the business rationale 
of any significant transactions that are unusual or outside the normal course of business.  

Because  of  the  inherent  limitations  of  an  audit,  there  is  a  risk  that  we  will  not  detect  all  irregularities, 
including  those  leading  to  a  material  misstatement  in  the  financial  statements  or  non-compliance  with 
regulation.  This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the 
events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware 
of instances of non-compliance. The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud 
rather  than  error,  as  fraud 
intentional  concealment,  forgery,  collusion,  omission  or 
misrepresentation. 

involves 

A  further  description  of  our  responsibilities  for  the  audit  of  the  financial  statements  is  located  on  the 
Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms 
part of our auditor’s report.  

18 

18

 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Other matters which we are required to address  

Following the recommendation by the Audit Committee, we were appointed by the Board on 30 November 
2016  to  audit  the  financial  statements  for  the  period  ending  30  June  2017  and  subsequent  financial 
periods. Our total uninterrupted period of engagement is 7 years, covering the periods ending 2017 to 
2023.  

The non-audit services prohibited by the FRC’s Ethical Standard were not provided to the group or the 
parent  company  and  we  remain  independent  of  the  group  and  the  parent  company  in  conducting  our 
audit. 

Our audit opinion is consistent with the additional report to the audit committee.  

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 
16  of  the  Companies  Act  2006.    Our  audit  work  has  been  undertaken  so  that  we  might  state  to  the 
company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other 
purpose.  To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone, 
other than the company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for 
the opinions we have formed. 

Azhar Rana (Senior Statutory Auditor)  
For and on behalf of PKF Littlejohn LLP 
Statutory Auditor 
 Date:  28 September 2023                                     

15 Westferry Circus 
Canary Wharf 
London E14 4HD 

19

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Consolidated Statement of Total Comprehensive Income 
For the year ended 30 June  

Operating Income 

Notes 

Dividends receivable 
Management service fees 
Rental and other income 
Profit/(Loss) on disposal of General portfolio investments 

3 
3 

3 

13 

7 

Administrative expenses 
Investment operations 
Management services 
Total administrative expenses 
Operating profit 

Unrealised changes in the carrying value of General 
Portfolio investments 
Interest payable 
Profit/(Loss) before taxation 
Income tax expense 
Profit/(Loss) after taxation 
Non-controlling interest 
Profit/(Loss) attributable to shareholders 

Other comprehensive income/(expense)  
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss 
Profit/(Loss) on disposal of Strategic investments 
Unrealised changes in the carrying value of Strategic 
investments 
Other taxation - 

Income tax on disposal of strategic investments 

Total Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss) attributable to 
shareholders 

Total Comprehensive Income/(Loss) attributable to 
owners of the parent 

Reconciliation of headline earnings 

2023  
£000 

586 
352 
97 
633 
1,668 

(495) 
(411) 
(906) 
762 

956 
(7) 
1,711 
(312) 
1,399 
(16) 
1,383 

118 

393 

(146) 

365 

2022 
£000 

652 
327 
136 
(111) 
1,004 

(394) 
(430) 
(824) 
180 

(508) 
(6) 
(334) 
(96) 
(430) 
(12) 
(442) 

(398) 

(402) 

(198) 

(998) 

1,748 

(1,440) 

Basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per share 
Adjustment for the unrealised changes in the carrying 
value of investments, net of tax 

Headline earnings per share 

9 

9 

4.4p 

- 
4.4p 

(1.4)p 

- 
(1.4)p 

The notes on pages 27 to 42 form part of these financial statements. 

20 

20

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 
At 30 June 

2023 
£000 

3 
17 

3,144 
3,164 

15,496 
100 
1,264 
16,860 

- 
(151) 
(33) 
(188) 
(372) 

2022 
£000 

12 
81 

3,957 
4,050 

14,055 
109 
407 
14,571 

(66) 
(171) 
(75) 
(198) 
(510) 

16,488 

14,061 

- 
(1,012) 
(1,012) 

(33) 
(843) 
(876) 

18,640 

17,235 

1,560 
2,320 
225 

4,906 
9,472 
18,483 
157 
18,640 

1,560 
2,320 
11 

5,331 
7,872 
17,094 
141 
17,235 

Notes 

10 
11 

13 

13 
14 

16 
15 
17 

11 
17 

18 

Non-current Assets 

Property, Plant and Equipment  
Right of use asset 
Strategic investments at fair value though other 
comprehensive income 

Current Assets 

General portfolio investments at fair value through profit 
or loss 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Current Liabilities  

Overdraft 
Trade and other payables   
Lease liabilities 
Current tax liabilities 

Net Current Assets 

Non-current Liabilities 
Lease liabilities 
Deferred tax liabilities 

Total Assets less Total Liabilities 

Capital and Reserves  
Ordinary share capital 
Share premium  
Unrealised profits and losses on investments 
Share of retained realised profits and losses of 
subsidiaries 
Company’s retained realised profits and losses 
Capital and reserves attributable to owners 
Non-controlling interests 
Total Capital and Reserves 

Approved and authorised by the Board 
on 28 September 2023 

Edward Beale 
Director 

The notes on pages 27 to 42 form part of these financial statements.  

21

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Company Statement of Financial Position 
At 30 June 

Non-current Assets 
Investments in Group companies 

Current Assets 
General portfolio investments at fair value through profit or 
loss 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Current Liabilities  

Overdraft 
Trade and other payables 
Current tax liabilities 

Net Current Assets 

Non-current Liabilities 
Deferred tax liabilities 

Total Assets less Total Liabilities 

Capital and Reserves  
Ordinary share capital 
Share premium  
Unrealised profits and losses on investments 

Realised Profit and Loss 

Balance at 1 July  
Net Profit for the period 
Dividends paid 

Balance at 30 June  
Equity shareholders’ funds 

Notes 

12 

13 
14 

16 
15 

17 

18 
18 
18 

2023 
£000 

89 

15,496 
19 
987 
16,502 

- 
(121) 
(66) 
(187) 
16,315 

(1,012) 
(1,012) 

2022 
£000 

89 

14,055 
13 
124 
14,192 

(66) 
(90) 
- 
(156) 
14,036 

(843) 
(843) 

15,392 

13,282 

1,560 
2,320 
2,040 
5,920 

7,872 
1,959 
(359) 
9,472 
15,392 

1,560 
2,320 
1,530 
5,410 

5,749 
2,482 
(359) 
7,872 
13,282 

Total Comprehensive income 

2,469 

1,002 

Under Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the Parent Company is exempt from the requirement to 
present its own income statement.  

Approved and authorised by the Board 
on 28 September 2023 

Edward Beale  
Director 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC 
Registered in England and Wales – Number 201151 

The notes on pages 27 to 42 form part of these financial statements.  

22 

22

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
For the year ended 30 June 

Notes 

2023 
£000 

2022 
£000 

1,711 

(334) 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Profit/(Loss) before tax 
Adjustments for non-cash items - 
Finance expense 
Depreciation charges 
Depreciation on right of use asset 
Unrealised changes in the fair value of general portfolio 
investments 
Realised gain on disposal of general portfolio investments 

Decrease in trade and other receivables 
Decrease in trade and other payables 
Taxes paid 
Net cash (outflow)/inflow from operating activities 

Cash flows from investment activity 

Acquisition of general portfolio investments 
Proceeds from disposal of general portfolio investments 
Proceeds from disposal of strategic investments 

Net cash inflow from investment activity 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Net Interest paid 
Interest paid on lease liabilities 
Repayment of lease liabilities 
Equity dividends paid 
Net repayments of loan facilities 

Net cash outflow from financing activities 

Increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the 
year 
Net Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year 

Cash and cash equivalents  
Overdraft 
Net Cash and cash equivalents 

13 
13 

7 

13 

16 

20 

7 
9 
64 

(679)
(911)

8 
(20)
(300)
(111)

(4,258) 
4,407 
1,325 
1,474 

(1)
(5)
(75)
(359)
-
(440)

923 

341 
1,264 

1,264 
-
1,264 

6 
10 
64 

508
111

17
(49)
(59)
274

(5,152) 
2,559 
3,445 
852 

(5)
(9)
(71)
(359)
(650)
(1,094)

32 

309 
341 

407 
(66)
341 

23 

The notes on pages 27 to 42 form part of these financial statements. 

23

 
_____________________________________________ 

Company Statement of Cash Flows 
For the year ended 30 June 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Profit before tax 
Adjustments for non-cash items - 
Net finance expense/(income) 
Unrealised changes in the fair value of general portfolio 
investments 
(Gain)/loss on disposal of general portfolio investments 
Decrease in trade and other receivables 
Decrease/(Increase) in trade and other payables 
Overseas Taxes paid 

Net cash inflow from operating activities 

Cash flows from investment activity 

Acquisition of general portfolio investments 
Proceeds from disposal of general portfolio investments 
Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investment activity 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Net interest paid 
Equity dividends paid 
Decrease in loan to subsidiary 
Net repayment of loan facilities 

Net cash (outflow)/inflow from financing activities 

Increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the 
year 
Net Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year 

Cash and cash equivalents  
Overdraft 
Net Cash and cash equivalents  

Notes 

13 
13 

7 

12 
16 

2023 
£000 

2,780 

2 

(679) 
(911) 
1 
25 
(77) 
1,141 

2022 
£000 

1,098 

(3) 

508 
111 
4 
(6) 
(59) 
1,653 

(4,258) 
4,407 
149 

(5,152) 
2,559 
(2,593) 

(2) 
(359) 
- 
- 
(361) 

929 

58 
987 

987 
- 
987 

(6) 
(359) 
1,990 
(650) 
975 

35 

23 
58 

124 
(66) 
58 

The notes on pages 27 to 42 form part of these financial statements. 

24 

24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity 

Ordinary 
Share 
Capital 

Share 
Premium 
Account 

Unrealised 
profits and 
losses on 
Investments 

Share of 
retained 
realised 
profits and 
losses of 
Subsidiaries 

Company’s 
retained 
realised 
profits and   
losses  

Total 

Non-
Controlling 
Interests 

Total 
Equity 

£000 

£000 

£000 

£000 

£000 

£000 

£000 

£000 

Year ended 30 June 2023 

Balances at 1 July 2022  

1,560 

2,320 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

11 

510 

5,331 

7,872  17,094 

141  17,235 

(1,086) 

1,959 

1,383 

16 

1,399 

(296) 

661 

- 

365 

- 

365 

214 

(425) 

1,959 

1,748 

16 

1,764 

- 

- 

(359) 

(359) 

- 

(359) 

1,560 

2,320 

225 

4,906 

9,472  18,483 

157  18,640 

Profit for the Year 

Other Comprehensive 
Income 

Total comprehensive 
income 

Dividends paid and total 
transactions with 
shareholders 

Balances at 30 June 
2023 

Year ended 30 June 2022  

Balances at 1 July 2021 

1,560 

2,320 

4,530 

4,734 

5,749  18,893 

129  19,022 

Profit for the Year 

Other Comprehensive 
Income 

Total comprehensive 
income 

Dividends paid and total 
transactions with 
shareholders 

Balances at 30 June 
2022 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,560 

2,320 

(1,480) 

(1,444) 

2,482 

(442) 

12 

(430) 

(3,039) 

2,041 

- 

(998) 

- 

(998) 

(4,519) 

597 

2,482 

(1,440) 

12 

(1,428) 

- 

11 

- 

(359) 

(359)  

- 

(359)  

5,331 

7,872  17,094 

141 

17,235 

The notes on pages 27 to 42 form part of these financial statements. 

25

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Company Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity 

Year ended 30 June 2023 

Balances at 1 July 2022 

Profit for the Year and total comprehensive 
income 

Dividends paid and total transactions with 
shareholders 

Ordinary 
Share 
Capital 

Share 
Premium 
Account 

Unrealised 
profits and 
losses on 
Investments 

Realised 
profits 
and 
losses 

Equity 
Total 

£000 

£000 

£000 

£000 

£000 

1,560 

2,320 

1,530 

7,872 

13,282 

- 

- 

- 

- 

510 

1,959 

2,469 

- 

(359) 

(359) 

Balances at 30 June 2023 

1,560 

2,320 

2,040 

9,472 

15,392 

Year ended 30 June 2022 

Balances at 1 July 2021 

1,560 

2,320 

3,010 

5,749 

12,639 

Profit for the Year and total comprehensive income 

Dividends paid and total transactions with 
shareholders 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,480) 

2,482 

1,002 

- 

(359)  

(359) 

Balances at 30 June 2022 

1,560 

2,320 

1,530 

7,872 

13,282 

The notes on pages 27 to 42 form part of these financial statements. 

26 

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Notes to the Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2023 

1.  Accounting Policies 
The  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  London  Finance  &  Investment  Group  PLC  have  been 
prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards (‘UK-adopted IAS’) and with 
the Companies Act 2006. 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with UK-adopted IAS requires management to make 
judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of 
assets and liabilities, income and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on 
historical experience and other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the 
results of which form the basis for making judgements about carrying values of assets and liabilities that 
are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates. 

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting 
estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that 
period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if applicable. The most significant techniques for 
estimation are described in the accounting policies below. These policies have been applied consistently 
to all of the years presented, unless otherwise stated. 

(i) 

With the exception of Western, these consolidated financial statements include the results and 
net assets of the Group’s subsidiaries (all of which are companies) for the year to 30 June 2023. 
The non-controlling interests are wholly attributable to equity interests in subsidiaries. Western 
has not been consolidated as the Directors consider that the Group, as the parent and ultimate 
parent  undertaking,  is  able  to  take  advantage  of  the  investment  entity  exemption  in  IFRS10. 
Accordingly, the Group’s investment in Western, a Strategic Investment, is carried at fair value 
with fair value movements going through the Statement of Other Comprehensive Income. 

(ii) 

Dividends receivable are credited to the income statement in respect of listed shares when the 
shares are quoted ex dividend and in respect of unlisted shares when the dividend is declared.  

Revenue from management services is recognised when the right to such income is established 
through a contract and in line with the provision of services to which they relate. 

(iii) 

The Company pays final and interim dividends. Dividends are recognised in the period in which 
they are appropriately authorised. For interim dividends, this will mean the date on which they 
are paid and, for final dividends, this will mean the date on which they are approved in general 
meeting. 

(iv) 

Financial assets are classified by category, depending on the purpose for which the asset was 
acquired. The Group’s accounting policy is as follows: 

a)  Fair value through income: non-derivative financial assets other than unquoted investments 
and trade and other receivables are classified as strategic and general portfolio investments 
and are recognised as being  at fair value through Profit or Loss or Other Comprehensive 
Income. They are valued using quoted bid prices and movements in value are taken to the 
income statement. 

 Investments in the general portfolio are held at fair value through Profit or Loss with changes 
in the fair value recognised in profit or loss. They are valued using quoted market prices. 

Investments in the strategic portfolio  are  held at fair  value through  Other Comprehensive 
Income,  as  elected  by  the  Company,  with  changes  in  the  fair  value  recognised  in  Other 
Comprehensive  Income  and  accumulated  in  the  unrealised  profits  and  losses  on 
investments reserve. They are valued using quoted market prices. When the investment is 
disposed  of  or  is  determined  to  be  impaired,  the  cumulative  gain  or  loss  previously 
accumulated in the unrealised profits and losses on investments reserve is reclassified to 
realised profits and losses. 

27 

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

1.  Accounting Policies (continued) 

Derivative financial instruments, which have been entered into to hedge future cash flows 
but which for accounting purposes are not designated as hedging instruments consist of an 
Interest  rate  swap  contract.  This  is  initially  measured  at  fair  value  and  is  revalued  at 
subsequent reporting dates using bank valuation. The interest rate swap contract has been 
cancelled as at 30 June 2023. 

b)  Unquoted investments. These are stated at cost net of impairment provisions because fair 
value cannot be readily determined. Reviews for indications of impairment are carried out at 
least annually. 

c)  Trade  and  other  receivables.  The  carrying  amounts  approximate  to  their  fair  values,  the 
transactions giving rise to these balances arising in the normal course of trade and standard 
industry terms. 

(v) 

Borrowings are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently carried at amortised cost. 

(vi) 

The charge for taxation is based on the taxable profit or loss for the year. Taxable profit or loss 
differs from net profit or loss as reported in the Statement of Total Comprehensive Income.  It 
excludes  items  of  income  (primarily  franked  dividend  income)  and  expenses  that  are  never 
taxable or deductible and items which are taxable or deductible in other years. 

(vii) 

(viii) 

Deferred taxation is provided on the full liability method, at tax rates that are expected to apply, 
for  temporary  differences  arising  between  the  treatment  of  certain  items  for  taxation  and 
accounting  purposes. Deferred tax assets  are recognised only to the extent  that the  Directors 
consider that it is probable that there will be suitable taxable profits from which the underlying 
timing differences can be deducted. Taxation charges or recoveries are recognised in the income 
statement, or directly to equity when related to items recognised directly in equity. 

Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate at the date 
of the transaction. Foreign currency assets and liabilities at the year-end are translated at year-
end exchange rates. 

Property  plant  and  equipment  -  Computer  and  electronic  equipment  expenditure  of  less  than 
£2,500 is written off in the year of acquisition. All other property, plant and equipment is stated at 
historical cost less depreciation. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to 
the  acquisition  of  the  items.  Subsequent  costs  are  included  in  the  asset’s  carrying  amount  or 
recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic 
benefits associated with the item will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured 
reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecog-
nised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the 
reporting period in which they are  incurred. Gains  and losses on disposals  are  determined by 
comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in profit or loss. 

Property, plant and equipment are depreciated at rates calculated to write off the cost of relevant 
assets over their effective useful economic lives. Depreciation is charged at the following rates: 

Leasehold improvements – over the life of the lease 
Office equipment  

  – 20% to 33.3% on cost 

28 

28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

1.  Accounting Policies (continued) 

(ix) 

Leases  -  At  the  lease  commencement  date,  the  Group  recognises  a  right-of-use  asset  and  a 
lease liability in the Statement of Financial Position. The right-of-use asset is measured at cost, 
which is made up of the initial measurement of the lease liability, any initial direct costs incurred 
by the Group and an estimate of any costs to dismantle and remove the asset at the end of the 
lease. 
The Group depreciates the right-of-use assets on a straight-line basis from the lease commence-
ment date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the 
lease term. 
The Group also assesses the right-of-use asset for impairment when such indicators exist. 
At the commencement date, the Group measures the lease liability at the present value of the 
lease payments unpaid at that date, discounted using the interest rate of the Group’s incremental 
borrowing rate (5%). 
Lease  payments  included  in  the  measurement  of  the  lease  liability  are  made  up  of  fixed  pay-
ments, payments arising from options reasonably certain to be exercised and amounts expected 
to be payable under a residual value guarantee. 
If the lease liability is remeasured, the corresponding adjustment is reflected in the right-of-use 
Asset. 
The Group has elected to account for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets using the 
practical expedients. Instead of recognising a right-of-use asset and lease liability, the payments 
in relation to these are recognised as an expense in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the 
lease term. 
On  the  statement  of  financial  position,  right-of-use  assets  and  lease  liabilities  have  been 
presented separately from Property, Plant and Equipment and Trade and other payables. 

(x) 

The Group operates a defined contribution plan which received fixed contributions from the sub-
sidiary company City Group PLC. The Group’s legal or constructive obligations for this plan is 
limited to the contributions. The expense recognised in the consolidated statement of total com-
prehensive income for the period in relation to these contributions was £15,000 (see note 6). 

(xi) 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances. 

2.  Changes in accounting policies and disclosures 

a)  New standards, amendments and interpretations adopted by the Group 

No  new  standards,  amendments  or  interpretations,  effective  for  the  first  time  for  financial  years 
beginning on or after 1 January 2022 have had a material impact on the Group or Parent Company. 

b)  New standards, amendments and interpretations not yet adopted 
A  number  of  new  standards  and  amendments  to  standards  and  interpretations  are  effective  for 
financial  periods  beginning  after  1  January  2023  and  have  not  been  applied  in  preparing  these 
financial  statements.  None  of  these  are  expected  to  have  a  significant  effect  on  the  financial 
statements of the Group or Parent Company.  

29

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

3.  Operating profit – Segmental Analysis 

The  Directors  manage  the  Group  through  two  classes  of  business,  Investment  Operations  and 
Management  Services,  and  present  the  segmental  analysis  on  that  basis.  The  segment  performance 
measure is operating profit. 

Investment Operations 

Management Services 

Dividends – Listed investments 
Profit/(Loss)  on  sales  of  investments, 
including provisions 
Rental and other income 
Management services fees 
Operating income 
Administration expense – normal 
Operating profit 

2023 
£000 
586 

633 
- 
- 
1,219 
(495) 
724 

2022  
£000 
652 

(111) 
- 
- 
541 
(394) 
147 

2023 
£000 
- 

- 
97 
352 
449 
(411) 
38 

2022  
£000 
- 

- 
136 
327 
463 
(430) 
33 

All revenues are derived from operations within the UK. Consequently, no separate geographical segment 
information is provided. 

4.  Administration Expenses and Other Income 

a) 
Administration expenses include: 
Depreciation 
Depreciation on Right of use asset 
Auditors’ remuneration  
Directors’ emoluments 
Staff Costs 

2023 
£000 

9 
64 
41 
76 
473 

2022 
£000 

10 
64 
31 
76 
460 

- Audit services 
- Note 5 
- Note 6 

5.  Directors' Emoluments and Related Party Disclosures 

The key management personnel are considered to be the Group directors. Their emoluments are detailed 
in the Directors’ Remuneration Report on pages 59 to 65. 

Related Party Disclosures 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC (“Lonfin”) and its wholly owned subsidiary, Lonfin Investments 
Limited, owns 43.8% of Western Selection PLC (“Western”). 

Western is a company incorporated in England with its registered office at Suite 1.01, Central Court, 25 
Southampton Buildings, London WC2A 1AL. Under IFRS 10, Lonfin is considered to be the parent and 
ultimate  parent  undertaking  of  a  group  of  companies  including  Western  for  which  Group  financial 
statements  are  drawn  up.  Copies  of  these  Group  financial  statements  have  been  delivered  to  the 
Registrar  of  Companies.  Western’s  financial  statements  are  not  consolidated  with  this  Group  as  the 
Company, as the Parent Company is able to take advantage of the investment entity exemption in IFRS 
10.  

Mr. D.C. Marshall and Mr. E.J Beale are directors of Western.  

Mr. D.C. Marshall’s shareholdings in Lonfin, and Mr E.J. Beale’s share options, are set out in the Directors’ 
Report on page 45. 

30 

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

5.  Directors' Emoluments and Related Party Disclosures (continued) 

Mr  D.  C.  Marshall  does  not  have  UK  bank  account  and  some  personal  costs  have  been  paid  by  City 
Group PLC during the year. These have been fully reimbursed.  

Mr E. J. Beale’s remuneration costs were paid by City Group PLC and fully recharged to his employer 
Marshall Monteagle PLC, who is not payroll registered in UK.  

Lonfin  and  Western  own  City  Group  in  the  ratio  51.4%  and  48.6%  respectively.  City  Group  provides 
company secretarial, finance and head office services to both Lonfin and Western and to various other 
companies in the UK and abroad most of which are associated with Lonfin and Western. 

City Group operates as a shared service centre and does not seek to make a profit from the provision of 
its standard services to these related parties. The various company secretarial, accounting, and directors’ 
fees receivable by City Group from those companies, their associates and subsidiaries, total  £470,850 
(2022 - £427,000) for the year under review. At the reporting date the aggregate balance due in respect 
of fees invoiced was £116,000 (2022 - £106,000). Settlement is within normal credit terms.  

At 30 June 2023, as disclosed in Notes 14 and 15 below, City Group owed the Company £Nil (2022 – £ 
Nil) and it owed City Group £62,000 (2022 - £31,000) for fees. The Company was owed £Nil (2022 - £Nil) 
by Lonfin Investments Limited as disclosed in Note 12 below. Other than as disclosed above, no director 
was  interested  in  any  contract  between  the  directors,  the  Company  and  any  other  related  party  that 
subsisted during or at the end of the financial year. 

6.  Staff Costs 

Other than the Directors, the Company has no staff or staff costs. All the Group’s staff, other than the 
Directors, are employed by the Company’s subsidiary, City Group. Group staff costs, excluding Group 
Directors’ fees which are shown in the Directors’ Remuneration Report on pages 59 to 65, were: 

Salaries 
Social security costs 
Social security costs – previous periods  
Defined contribution pension scheme contributions 

The average weekly number of staff employed, excluding Group 
Directors, was: 

7.  Tax Expense 

The tax charge for the year comprises: 
Tax on overseas investment income 
Income tax 
Deferred Tax charge 
Tax charge 

Other comprehensive income - 

31

2023 
£000 

402 
50 
(15) 
16 
453 

4 

2023 
£000 

77 
66 
169 

312 

2022 
£000 

390 
55 
- 
15 
460 

4 

2022 
£000 

59 
- 
37 

96 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Income tax  

146 

146 

198 

198 

7.  Tax Expense (continued) 

The tax assessed for the year is lower than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK.   
The differences are explained below: 

Profit/(Loss) on ordinary activities before taxation 
Taxation at 20.5% (2022 – 19%) 
Effects of: 
Non-taxable items – fair values and franked income 
Withholding tax 
Loss carried (forward)/utilised 
Tax rate increase to 25% 
Tax charged 

2023 
£000 
1,711 
351 

(116) 
77 
- 
- 

312 

2022 
£000 
(334) 
(64) 

150 
59 
(251) 
202 

96 

Dividends received from UK companies are recognised in the income statement net of their associated 
tax credit. 

Factors affecting the tax  charge in future years From  1  April  2023, the Corporation Tax main rate 
increased gradually for profits over £50,000 reaching 25% for profits over £250,000. The Group’s future 
tax  charge,  and  effective  tax  rate  are  affected  by  this  announcement  and  taken  into  account  when 
evaluating the Group’s deferred tax liability. 

8.  Dividends 
Amounts recognised as distributions to the shareholders of the Company in the year were as follows: 

Final dividend for the prior year ended 30 June (per share) 
Interim dividend for the current year ended 30 June (per share) 

2023 
0.60p 

0.55p 

2022 
0.60p 

0.55p 

The total dividends paid and to be paid in 2023 and 2022 were £359,000 (1.15p per share) and £359,000 
(1.15p per share) respectively. A final dividend in respect of the year ended 30 June 2023 of 0.60p per 
share is to be proposed at the AGM to be held on 28 November 2023. These financial statements do not 
reflect this dividend. 

9.  Earnings per share 

Reconciliation of headline earnings 
Basic and headline earnings/(loss) per share, based on the loss 
attributable to the shareholders after tax and non-controlling interests 
of £1,383,000 (2022 – loss £442,000) and on 31,207,479 shares 
issued 
Diluted (loss)/earnings per share, based on the loss attributable to the 
shareholders after tax and non-controlling interests of £1,383,000 
(2022 – loss £442,000) and on 31,207,479 shares issued plus 80,000 
share options granted in 2016. 

2023 

2022 

4.4p 

(1.4)p 

4.4p 

(1.4)p 

32 

32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 

London Finance & Investment Group PLC

10. Property, Plant and Equipment 

Group 

At cost – 1 July 2022 
Additions in the year 
Disposals in the year 
30 June 2023 

Depreciation 
Balance – 1 July 2022 
Charges for the year 
Disposals in the year 
30 June 2023 

Net book amount 30 June 2023 

Net book amount 30 June 2022 

The office equipment is held by a subsidiary company. 

11. Leases 

Office 
Equipment 
£000 
84 
- 
- 
84 

72 
9 
- 
81 

3 

12 

The Group had an operating lease commitment in respect of an office property entered into in October 
2018 which was terminated early on 31 August. 2023. The Company guaranteed the obligations under 
this lease. City Group moved into serviced office premises on 31 August 2023 and there are no ongoing 
lease liabilities. 

Right of use asset – Office 

Cost 
At 1 July and 30 June 

Depreciation 
Balance – 1 July  
Charges for the year 
Depreciation 30 June 

Net book amount 30 June  

33

2023 
£000 

322 

(241) 
(64) 
(305) 

17 

2022 
£000 

322 

(177) 
(64) 
(241) 

81 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

11. Leases (continued) 

Lease Liabilities 

Current 
Non-Current 
Total Lease Liabilities 

Maturity Analysis 
Less than one year 
One to five years 

2023 

£000 
33 
- 
33 

33 
- 

2022 

£000 
75 
33 
108 

75 
33 

Amounts recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Total 
Comprehensive Income 
Interest charged on lease liabilities 

9 

9 

12. Investment in Group companies 

Operating subsidiaries incorporated and operating in England and consolidated in these financial 
statements.  

Principal Activities  Percentage of 
Equity 

2023  
£000 

2022 
£000 

Held by the Company – at cost 
City Group PLC 

Lonfin Investments Limited 
Loan to subsidiary at 1 July 
Amount repaid in the year 
Loan to subsidiary before 
provision as at 30 June 

Management 
services 
Investment holding 

51.4% 
100% 

89 

- 
- 
- 

- 
89 

89 

- 
1,990 
(1,990) 

- 
89 

The address of the registered office of these subsidiaries is Suite 1.01, Central Court, 25 Southampton 
Buildings, London WC2A 1AL. 

34 

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

13. Investments 

Cost at 1 July 2022 
Opening unrealised gain/(losses) 
Opening valuation as at 1 July 2022 
Movements in the year  
Purchases 
Sales - proceeds 
Realised gain on disposal 
Net unrealised gains transferred to realised gain on 
disposal 
Unrealised fair value gains/(losses) in the year 

Closing valuation at 30 June 2023 

Cost at 30 June 2023 
Unrealised gain/(losses) at 30 June 2023 
Closing valuation at 30 June 2023 

Cost at 1 July 2021 
Opening unrealised gain/(losses) 
Opening valuation as at 1 July 2021 
Movements in the year 
Purchases 
Sales - proceeds 
Realised gain on disposal 
Net unrealised gains transferred to realised gain on 
disposal 
Unrealised fair value losses in the year 

Closing valuation at 30 June 2022 

General  
Portfolio  
£000 

Strategic Holdings 
Western 
Selection 
£000 

Finsbury 
Food Group 
£000 

10,392 
3,663 
14,055 

4,258 
(4,407) 
911 

(277) 
956 
15,496 

11,154 
4,342 
15,496 

6,975 
5,106 
12,081 

5,152 
(2,559) 
824 

(935) 
(508) 
14,055 

6,159 
(3,408) 
2,751 

- 
- 
- 

- 
393 
3,144 

6,159 
(3,015) 
3,144 

6,159 
(3,447) 
2,712 

- 
- 
- 

- 
39 
2,751 

517 
689 
1,206 

- 
(1,324) 
807 

(689) 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

1,723 
3,767 
5,490 

- 
(3,445) 
2,239 

(2,637) 
(441) 
1,206 

Western  Selection  PLC,  a  subsidiary  undertaking,  is  traded  on  the  AQSE  Growth  Market  and  is 
incorporated and operates in the UK with a financial year end of 30 June. 

At 30 June 2023 and 30 June 2022, Western had 17,949,872 ordinary shares of 40p each in issue, of 
which 7,860,515 shares (43.8%) are held by the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Lonfin Investments 
Limited. 

35

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

13. Investments (continued) 

Extracts from Western’s unaudited results are as follows:  

Profit/(Loss) after tax 
Non-current assets 
Current assets 
Liabilities within one year 
Capital 
Reserves 

Share Premium account 
Capital Reserve account 

Value of investment in Western at Net asset value per share 
Value of investment in Western at market value 

Net asset value per share 
Middle market price per share on 30 June           

2023 
£000 
390 
6,429 
7,317 

(48) 

7,180 

2,654 
3 
6,000 
2,673 

76p 

35p 

14. Trade and other receivables 

Group 

Company 

Trade debtors 
Other debtors 
Prepayments and accrued income 

15. Trade and other payables 

Group companies 
Other creditors 
Trade creditors 
Accruals 

2023 
£000 
62 
11 
27 
100 

Group 

2023 
£000 
- 
31 
8 
112 

121 

2022 
£000 
81 
1 
27 
109 

2022 
£000 
- 
55 
31 
85 

171 

2023 
£000 
- 
7 
12 
19 

Company 
2023 
£000 
62 
1 
5 
53 

121 

2022 
£000 
(438) 
3,199 
6,815 
(51) 
7,180 

2,654 
3 
4,364 
2,751 

56p 

35p 

2022 
£000 
- 
- 
13 
13 

2022 
£000 
31 
1 
17 
41 

90 

36 

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

16. Borrowings 

Current 
Overdraft 

Group 

2023 
£000 

2022 
£000 

Company 
2023 
£000 

- 

66 

- 

2022 
£000 

66 

The Company has no overdraft with Credit-Suisse as at the end of the year (2022 - £66,000).   

17. Deferred taxation 

The Group has provided £1,012,000 in respect of potential taxation on unrealised investment gains (2022 
- £843,000). This is after taking into account available tax losses of £Nil (2022: £Nil) and increase in the 
corporation tax rate to 25% from 1 April 2023. 

Balance at 1 July 
Profit or Loss 
Other Comprehensive Income 
Balance at 30 June 

Group 
2023 
£000 
843 
169 
- 

1,012 

Group 
2022 
£000 
806 
37 
- 

843 

Company 
2023 
£000 
843 
169 
- 

1,012 

Company 
2022 
£000 
806 
37 
- 

843 

Deferred tax has been provided at 25% (2022: 25%). 

18. Share Capital and Reserves   

Allotted, issued and fully paid ordinary shares of 5p each 
31,207,479 at 1 July 2022 and 30 June 2023 

Company and Group 

2023 
£000 

2022 
£000 

1,560 

1,560 

The Group  and  the  Company’s capital comprises  its shareholders’ equity. Our  objective is to  manage 
capital in a manner that enables the continued payment of dividends to be achieved. 

The following describes the nature and purpose of each reserve within shareholders’ equity: - 

37

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

18. Share Capital and Reserves (continued) 

Ordinary share capital 
Share premium 

Unrealised profits and losses on 
investments 
Share of retained realised profits 
and losses of subsidiaries 

Retained realised profits and 
losses 

Description and purpose 
Nominal value of issued share capital. 
Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal 
value, less issue expenses. 
Cumulative unrealised gains and losses on investments. 

The Group’s share of cumulative undistributed post-
acquisition gains and losses of subsidiaries recognised in 
the income statement. 
Realised profits of the Group and Company less realised 
losses and unrealised losses other than on investments. 

The  balances  and  movements  on  each  of  the  above  reserves  are  disclosed  in  the  Consolidated  and 
Company  Statement  of  Financial  Positions  on  pages  21  and  22  and  the  Consolidated  Statement  of 
Changes in Shareholders’ Equity on page 25.  

Capital management 
Capital is defined as the Company’s ordinary share capital and reserves as detailed above. 

The primary objective of the Group's capital management is to ensure that it maintains healthy capital 
ratios in order to support its business and maximise shareholder value. 
To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may adjust the dividend payment to shareholders 
or  issue  or  repurchase  shares.  No  changes  were  made  to  the  objectives,  policies  or  processes  for 
managing share capital during the period ended 30 June 2023. 

Share Options 
The  Group  has  had  two  long-term  incentive  plans  established  to  incentivise  full-time  employees  and 
directors  of  City  Group  and  to  recognise  outstanding  efforts  or  achievements,  or  otherwise  to  attract, 
motivate  or retain staff:  The Group’s Unapproved  Employee Benefit Scheme (which  terminated  on  29 
September 2019) and a more recent scheme, the Group’s Company Share Option Plan.  

On  29  February  2016  options  over  80,000  ordinary  shares  in  the  Company,  with  an  exercise  price  of 
37.5p per share, were granted under the rules of the Group’s Company Share Option Plan. The options 
granted  may  be  exercised  no  later  than  the  tenth  anniversary  of  the  date  of  grant  and  had  not  been 
exercised as at 30 June 2023. The fair value of these options at the date of grant was estimated using 
the Black-Scholes model to be £9,000 and, as this is not material, no expense has been booked for these 
share options.  

19. Pension Schemes 

The Group makes pension contributions to the personal pension schemes of certain employees which 
are money purchase schemes and for which it has no responsibility for unfunded liabilities. Amounts paid 
are disclosed in Note 6. No pension contributions are provided for the Directors. 

38 

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

20. Reconciliation of consolidated net cash flow to movement in net debt 

Group 

2022/2023 
Cash at bank 
Overdraft 
Lease liability 
Net Debt 

2021/2022 
Cash at bank 
Overdraft 
Borrowings  
Lease liability 
Net Debt 

At start 
of year 
£000 
407 
(66) 
(108) 

233 

309 
- 
(650) 
(178) 

(519) 

Cash 
Flow 
£000 
857 
66 
80 

1,003 

98 
(66) 
650 
80 

762 

Non-cash 
transactions 
£000 
- 
- 
(5) 

(5) 

- 
- 
- 
(10) 

(10) 

At end 
of year 
£000 
1,264 
- 
(33) 

1,231 

407 
(66) 
- 
(108) 

233 

21. Financial Instruments 

Set out below is an explanation of the role that financial instruments have had during the year in creating 
or changing the risks the Group faces in its activities. The explanation summarises the objectives and 
policies for holding or issuing financial instruments and similar contracts, and the strategies for achieving 
their objectives that have been followed during the year. The Directors monitor its performance against 
these objectives on a continuous basis and through bi-monthly reports of the investment’s portfolio and 
cash position. 

IFRS 13 requires disclosure of fair value measurements under the following hierarchy: 

Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety into one of the three levels determined on 
the basis of the lowest input that is significant to the fair value measurement. 

Listed prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities – Level 1 

Values other than listed prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, 
either directly (that is, as prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices) – Level 2 

Values for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (that is unobservable 
inputs) – Level 3. 

The  categories  of  financial  instruments  used  by  the  Group  to  achieve  its  objectives  as  set  out  in  the 
Directors’ Report are: 

39

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

21. Financial Instruments (continued) 

Financial assets 

At fair value through Other comprehensive income 
Non-current investments (strategic investments) 

At fair value through profit or loss 

Current asset investments (listed investments) 

Loans and receivables at amortised costs 

Trade and other receivables 
Cash at bank 

Financial liabilities 
At amortised costs 

Trade and other payables (including corporation tax) 
Lease liabilities 
Borrowings 

Fair Value 
Hierarchy 
Level 

2023 
£000 

2022 
£000 

1 

1 

n/a 
n/a 

n/a 
n/a 
n/a 

3,144 

3,957 

15,496 

14,055 

73 
1,264 

151 
33 
- 

82 
407 

171 
108 
66 

Interest Rate Profile 
The Group finances its operations through a mixture of retained profits and bank borrowings, in pounds 
sterling. Drawings under the facility are at a rate fluctuating with base rate. The Group has no borrowings 
as at 30 June 2023.  

The Group’s principal financial assets are its investment portfolios. The investment portfolios consist of 
equity investments, for which an interest rate profile is not relevant. Interest is not charged on trade and 
other receivables nor incurred on trade and other payables. 

Currency Exposures 
The table below shows the Group’s currency exposures. Such exposures comprise the monetary assets, 
at fair values, that are not traded in Sterling. 

Currency 
Euro 
Swiss Franc 
US Dollar 
Australian Dollar 

2023 
£000 
3,555 
3,173 
5,184 
400 

2022 
£000 
3,119 
3,360 
4,294 
397 

12,312 

11,170 

The sensitivity to a 1% change in the sterling exchange rate would be to increase or decrease the fair 
values as set out by £121,898 in aggregate (2022 - £110,596). 

40 

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Notes to the financial statements (continued) 

21. Financial Instruments (continued) 

Liquidity Risk  
The Group holds investments, most of which are listed on recognised stock exchanges. In normal markets 
these are, by their nature, liquid. However, there are long periods when the market may not be prepared 
to deal at realistic prices in unusually large blocks of certain shares and this particularly applies to  the 
shares of Western. 

The  Group  maintains  a  General  Portfolio  of  investment  holdings  within  normal  market  size  and  which 
have  aggregate  market  values  in  excess  of  the  borrowings  at  any  point  in  time.  The  policy  is  such 
investments must have an aggregate fair value of at least 167% of borrowings at any point in time. 

Market Risk 
The  Group  is  exposed  to  market  risk  through  the  equity  investments  in  other  companies.  The  Group 
maintains  a  spread  of  investments  over  various  sectors  and  monitors  performance  continuously  as 
described above. The majority of the General Portfolio investments are in companies with good levels of 
liquidity. The future values of these investments will fluctuate because of changes in interest rates and 
other market factors. 

Reviews for indications of permanent impairment are carried out at least annually. The Directors believe 
that the exposure to market price risk from these activities is acceptable in the Group’s circumstances. 

The sensitivity to each 1% decrease in the value investments would result in the fair values of non-current 
asset  investments  decreasing  by  £31,000  (2022  -  £40,000)  and  a  corresponding  decrease  in  the 
unrealised profits reserve. A 1% increase, would, on the same basis, increase fair values and increase 
the unrealised profits reserve. The same percentage increase/decrease in the current asset investments 
would increase/decrease carrying values by £155,000 (2022 - £140,600) and unrealised profits reserve 
(or earnings where a decline was below cost) by an equal amount.   

The  Directors  consider  1%  to  be  a  basis  for  the  sensitivity  analysis  due  to  the  diversified  spread  of 
investments over a range of liquid markets.  

Fair Value 
Investments within the general and strategic portfolios are carried at fair values determined by the prices 
available from the markets on which the instruments involved are traded. Unlisted investments are stated 
at cost net of impairment provisions because fair value cannot be readily determined. Movements in fair 
value net of impairment provisions are taken through the income statement. 

Market  value  has  been  used  for  the  valuation  of  Western  despite  the  low  liquidity  of  this  investment 
because shares have traded at a relatively stable price with low volatility, and there is no better indicator 
available for fair value. 

The  fair  value  of  short-term  deposits,  borrowings  and  trade  and  other  receivables  and  payables 
approximates to the carrying amount because of the short maturity of these instruments. 

Credit risk 
No concentration of credit risk exists in the Group’s principal financial assets, and credit risk is minimised 
as the counter-parties are institutions with high credit ratings. There has been no impairment of trade and 
other debtors during the year, there are no provisions against these assets and none are past their due 
date. 

41

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

22. Related Undertakings 

In accordance with section 409 of the Companies Act 2006, a full list of related undertakings, the country 
of incorporation and the percentage of equity owned, directly or indirectly, as at 30 June 2023, is disclosed 
below: 

Company 

Lonfin Investments Limited 

City Group PLC 

Western Selection PLC* 

*No individual investor has control of the company 

Country  % ownership 

United 
Kingdom 
United 
Kingdom 

United 
Kingdom 

100% 

51.4% 

43.8% 

42 

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Directors’ Report 

The Directors present their Report for the year ended 30 June 2023. Much of the information previously 
provided as part of the Directors’ Report is now required, under company law, to be presented as part of 
the Strategic Report which is set out on pages 4 to 11. 

This Directors’ Report includes the information required to be included under the Companies Act or, where 
provided  elsewhere,  an  appropriate  cross-reference  is  given.  The  Corporate  Governance  Statement, 
approved by the Board, is provided on pages 50 to 55 and is incorporated by reference herein. 

Results, Future Developments, Dividends, & Financial Instruments 

A review of the Group’s operations and performance during the financial year, setting out the position at 
the year-end, significant changes in the year, significant events after the financial year end, an indication 
of the outlook for the future, proposed dividends and the Group’s policy in relation to financial instruments 
is contained in the Strategic Report.  

Investment Policy 

The  Group’s  investment  policy  is  to  invest  in  a  range  of  “strategic”  investments,  a  “general  portfolio” 
consisting of liquid stock market investments, both in equity instruments and bonds, and, at the Board’s 
discretion,  ‘other  investments’,  typically  property  and  other  physical  assets.  This  investment  policy  is 
designed to achieve the Group’s objectives of capital growth in real terms over the medium term, while 
maintaining a progressive dividend policy. 

Both “strategic” and “general portfolio” investments can be in any industry sector. “Strategic” investments 
are significant minority positions in UK small cap companies which can be either quoted or unquoted; to 
diversify risk the policy is to maintain a number of such investments. Most investments will be in shares 
of companies that are publicly traded but investments can also be made in publicly traded and untraded 
debt or equity instruments of companies that are strategic investments. The “general portfolio” aims to 
further diversify risk through a spread of investments and a target of between 30 and 40 holdings in some 
of the world’s largest quoted companies. 

The intention is for between 30% and 70% of the overall investment portfolio with a maximum limit of 80% 
to be in “strategic” and “other” investments immediately following such investment, with the balance of 
the portfolio, to be in the “general portfolio”. “Other investments” will be limited to 50% of the overall value 
of  the  investment  portfolio,  measured  immediately  following  such  investment.  No  one  “strategic 
investment” or “other investment” will represent more than 30% and 50% respectively of the value of all 
investments  immediately  following  the  making  of  such  investment  and  no  one  “general  portfolio” 
investment will represent more than 10 per cent of the value of the “general portfolio” at the time of such 
investment. 

Within these parameters, changes in strategic and other investments are decided on by the Board and 
changes  to  the  general  portfolio  are  decided  on  by  the  Board  or,  between  Board  meetings,  by  an 
Investment Committee of the Board. The investment guidelines within which the Investment Committee 
operates allow the Investment Committee discretion within the parameters set by the Investment Policy. 
The investment mix and level of borrowings are reviewed at each Board meeting. 

The Group’s gearing is limited at or below 60% of the total value of investments. 

43

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Going Concern  

As a result of the UK’s vaccination programmes we are now able to live with the continued presence of 
Covid-19 although there is the threat of new variants and government action may be required again to 
contain  the  spread  of  the  virus.  More  pressing  concerns  at  present  are  the  post  Brexit  issues  to  be 
resolved with the EU, the impact on the UK and Europe of the war in Ukraine, the energy supply and food 
shortages, the sharp rises in the cost of living and inflation and the prospect of recession. These issues 
will significantly impact on the UK over the coming months, and we expect further fluctuations in the stock 
markets and increased volatility.  Nevertheless, we are confident in the quality of our investments and 
that notwithstanding the current uncertainty and what troubles lie ahead our investments will enable us 
to achieve our objective of generating growth in shareholder value in the medium to long term.  

In  response  to  these  uncertainties,  the  Board  has  sought  to  minimise  the  risks  to  the  Group  and  are 
actively monitoring the performance of the Group’s investments on a monthly basis. Due to the relatively 
low cost of operating the Group compared to the high value of assets held and that the Group has access 
to funds that will allow the Group and Parent Company to continue trading, the Board is satisfied that the 
Group shall continue to  be able to  meet its financial  obligations as they fall due both  in  the short and 
longer term. The Board will continue to seek out investment opportunities that will enhance the financial 
performance of the Group. 

The Board continues to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of these financial 
statements. 

Risk Management and Principal Risks 

A description  of the  principal risks which arise from the Group’s financial instruments is set out in the 
Strategic Report on pages 7 and 8 and in Note 21 to the Financial Statements (Financial Instruments) on 
pages 39 to 41. 

Viability Statement 

In accordance with the provisions of the UK Corporate Governance Code, the Board has assessed the 
viability of the Group. The Group is a long-term investor and the Board believes it is appropriate to assess 
the Group’s viability over a five-year period which reflects the Board’s long-term investment approach. 
The Board believes this five-year period reflects a proper balance between the long-term horizon and the 
inherent uncertainties of looking to the future.  

In assessing the viability of the Group, the Board has carried out a robust assessment of the following 
factors: 

• 

• 

• 
• 
• 

the principal risks and uncertainties facing the Group as set out in the Strategic Report on  pages 
7 and 8;  
the potential operational and financial impacts of these risks and uncertainties are severe, but 
plausible scenarios together with the effectiveness of any mitigating actions; 
the Group’s current position and strategy; 
the liquidity of the Group’s Investment Portfolio; and 
the Board’s risk appetite.  

The Board has also considered such matters as significant economic or stock market volatility, a sub-
stantial reduction in the liquidity of the portfolio or changes in investor sentiment, all of which could have 
an impact on the Group’s prospects and viability in the future. 

44 

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Directors’ Report (continued) 

Taking into account all of these factors, the Group’s current position and the potential impact of the prin-
cipal risks and uncertainties faced by the Group, the Board has concluded that it has a reasonable ex-
pectation that the Group will be able to continue in operation and meet its liabilities as they fall due over 
the five-year period to 30 June 2028. 

Events after the reporting date 

With the exception of the sale of all remaining shares in our Strategic Investment Finsbury Food Group 
Plc, there have been no significant post-balance sheet events since the year-end. 

Directors’ and Directors’ Interests 

A list of the present directors of the Company is shown on page 1.  

A  list  of  all  the  directors  who  served  during  the  year  and  their  beneficial  interests  (and  those  of  their 
connected persons) in the Company’s ordinary shares as at 30 June 2022 and 2023 is set out below: 

D.C. Marshall * 
F.W.A. Lucas † 
J.H. Maxwell 
E.J. Beale 
W.H. Marshall * 

30 June 2023 

30 June 2022 

No. of Ordinary Shares 
12,890,693 
 Shares  
162,500 
65,000 
- 
12,890,693 

No. of Ordinary Shares 
12,890,693 
162,500 
65,000 
- 
12,890,693 

* 

     These holdings arise as the individuals concerned are/were trustees and/or directors of entities that hold/held ordinary 
shares in the Company.  The interest of Mr.W.H.Marshall, overlaps with the interest of Mr. D.C. Marshall. Neither Mr D.C. 
Marshall nor Mr W. H. Marshall had any beneficial interest in these shares (2019 – nil). 

† 

  Of this figure, Dr. F.W.A. Lucas owns 80,000 ordinary shares personally and 82,500 ordinary shares are owned by Loeb 

Aron & Company Ltd, of which Dr. F.W.A. Lucas is a director and shareholder. 

On 29 February 2016, Mr E.J. Beale, being an eligible employee under the rules of the London Finance 
& Investment Group Company Share Option Plan, was granted options over 80,000 ordinary shares with 
an  exercise  price  of  37.5p  per  share.  The  options  granted  may  be  exercised  no  later  than  the  tenth 
anniversary of the date of grant. 

There have been no changes in directors' share interests between 1 July 2023 and the date of this report.  

There are no requirements or guidelines for Directors to acquire and own shares in the Company. 

Subject to the Company’s Articles of Association, the appointment or removal of directors is determined 
by  shareholders  at  a  General  Meeting.  Between  General  Meetings,  the  Board  may  appoint  additional 
directors who are required to stand for election at the next General Meeting.  In addition, the Company’s 
Articles of Association require all the Directors of the Company to offer themselves for re-election on an 
annual basis. Accordingly, this year, Mr D.C. Marshall, Dr F.W.A. Lucas, Mr J.H. Maxwell, Mr E.J. Beale 
and Mr W. H. Marshall will retire and being eligible, offer themselves for re-election as directors at the 
AGM on 28 November 2023.  

45

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Substantial Interests  

As  at  26  September  2023,  the  Company  was 
aware of the following interests in 3% or more 
of its issued ordinary share capital: Identity of 
person or group 
Lynchwood Nominees Limited  
W.T. Lamb Investments Limited 
Winterflood Client Nominees Limited  

No. of Ordinary  
Shares  

Percentage of issued  
Ordinary Share capital 

14,928,832 
4,629,000 
2,769,824 

47.8% 
14.8% 
8.8% 

No changes to the significant holdings set out above have been notified to the Company between 1 July 
2023 and 26 September 2023. 

Independent Auditor 
The  respective  responsibilities  of  the  Directors  and  the  Independent  Auditor,  PKF  Littlejohn  LLP,  in 
connection with the financial statements appear on pages 13 to 19. 

Each  Director  has  taken  all  the  steps  that  they  ought  to  have  taken  as  a  director  including  making 
appropriate enquiries of  fellow Directors to  make themselves aware of  any information  needed  by the 
Company’s Independent Auditor for the purposes of its audit and to establish that the Independent Auditor 
is aware of that information.  The Directors are not aware of any relevant audit information of which the 
Independent Auditors are unaware. 

The  Committee  meets  each  year  with  the  Independent  Auditor.  The  Company’s  Independent  Auditor, 
PKF  Littlejohn  LLP,  provided  a  detailed  planning  report  in  advance  of  the  annual  audit  work.  The 
Committee was able to review PKF Littlejohn LLP’s detailed planning report prior to commencement of 
the audit work and, following completion of their audit work, the Committee discussed with PKF Littlejohn 
LLP their audit report and findings. During these discussions, the Committee was able to review the level 
and  scope  of  materiality  adopted  by  PKF  Littlejohn  LLP  in  the  audit  process.  At  the  Company’s 
forthcoming AGM to be held on 28 November 2023 a resolution will be proposed that PKF Littlejohn LLP 
be re-appointed as the Company’s Independent Auditor following the AGM. 

Corporate Governance 

Information  on  the  Company’s  corporate  governance  can  be  found  in  the  Corporate  Governance 
Statement on pages 50 to 54. 

The Company’s Articles of Association may only be amended by special resolution and are available on 
the Company’s website at www.city-group.com/london-finance-investment-group.plc 

Annual General Meeting (AGM) 

The Notice of the AGM, to be held on 28  November 2023, can be found on pages 69 to 70 and sets out 
the  business  to  be  considered  at  the  meeting.  Resolutions  1  to  10  will  be  proposed  as  Ordinary 
Resolutions and Resolution 11 will be proposed as a Special Resolution. Certain elements of the business 
relating to these Resolutions are explained below:   

Resolution 3 
Directors’ Remuneration Report 
The annual report on Directors’ Remuneration, as set out in the Directors’ Remuneration Report on pages 
59 to 65 provides information on the Directors’ remuneration. Resolution 3 proposes the approval of the 
Directors’  Remuneration  Report,  other  than  the  part  containing  the  proposed  Directors’  Remuneration 
Policy. 

46 

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London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Directors’ Report (continued) 

Resolutions 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 
Re-election of Directors 
The Directors, David Marshall, Dr Frank Lucas, John Maxwell, Edward Beale and Warwick Marshall, are 
subject to annual re-election. Accordingly, each of these Directors will retire at the AGM on 28 November 
2023 and each offers himself for re-election as  a director of the Company. The  Board has confirmed, 
following a performance review of the Directors and the Chairman, that each of the Directors, subject to 
re-election, continues to perform effectively and demonstrates commitment to his role. Further information 
relating to their experience and background can be found on page 1 of this document. 

Resolution 9 
Re-appointment of the Independent Auditor 
It is proposed that PKF Littlejohn LLP be re-appointed as the Company’s Independent Auditor to continue 
in office following the AGM on 28 November 2023. 

Resolution 10 
Allotment of share capital 
Resolution 10 provides authority to allot shares in  accordance with section 551 of the Companies Act 
2006 in the period up to the conclusion of the Company’s AGM in 2024. If passed, this resolution would 
enable the Directors to allot shares (and to grant rights to subscribe for or convert any security into shares 
in the Company) up to a maximum nominal amount of £189,626 (being 3,792,521 ordinary shares) which 
is the amount of the Company’s authorised but unissued share capital. The Directors have no specific 
plans to allot any ordinary shares in the Company. 

Resolution 11 
Disapplication of pre-emption rights 
Resolution  11  will  empower  the  Directors  to  allot  ordinary  shares  for  cash,  pursuant  to  the  authority 
granted by Resolution 10, on a non-pre-emptive basis (a) in connection with a rights issue or open offer 
and (b) (otherwise than in connection with a rights issue or open offer) up to a maximum nominal value 
of £78,000 (being 1,560,000 ordinary shares) representing approximately 5% of the issued ordinary share 
capital of the Company as at 26 September 2023 (being the latest practicable date prior to publication of 
this report). The power given by this resolution shall expire upon the expiry of the authority conferred by 
Resolution 10 set out above, Although the Directors will be entitled to make offers or agreements before 
the expiry of that power which would or might require equity securities to be allotted.   

The Directors have no present intention of issuing any part of the unissued share capital and no issue will 
be made which would effectively alter the control of the Company without the approval of the shareholders 
in General Meeting. 

Recommendation 

The Board believes that the approval of Resolutions 1 to 11 will promote the success of the Company 
and is in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders as a whole. 

The Board unanimously recommends that you vote in favour of Resolutions 1 to 11 as the Directors intend 
to do in respect of their own beneficial holdings which as at the date of this Annual Report, amount in 
aggregate to 145,000 ordinary shares, representing approximately 0.46% of the ordinary shares currently 
in issue. 

Relationship Agreement 

In compliance with the Listing Rules, the Company has entered into a Relationship Agreement with David 
Marshall,  the  Company’s  Chairman,  in  his  capacity  as  a  Trustee  of  a  controlling  shareholder  of  the 
Company as defined by the Listing Rules. The Company has complied with the independence provisions 
contained  in  the  Relationship  Agreement  throughout  the  year  ended  30  June  2023  and  so  far  as  the 
Company is aware, the controlling shareholder has complied with the provisions and also the procurement 
obligation contained in the Relationship Agreement. 

47 

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Material Agreements 

There are no agreements which the Company is party to that might affect its control following a takeover 
bid; and there are no agreements between the Company and the Directors concerning compensation for 
loss of office.   

Other  than  the  Relationship  Agreement  referred  to  above,  the  Board  is  not  aware  of  any  contractual 
agreements which ought to be disclosed in the Directors’ Report. 

Business Relationships  

The Directors consider the underlying strategic companies in which the Group has invested as well as 
advisers and suppliers amongst the key stakeholders of the Group. In this respect, the Directors engage 
with these stakeholders on a frequent basis in order to build and strengthen such relationships. All stake-
holders are encouraged to communicate with the Board through the Chairman or through the Company 
Secretary 

The views of and impact upon the wider stakeholders of the Group are considered as part of the Board 
decision-making process including engaging with stakeholders to ensure they have a clear understanding 
of the long-term goals of the Group and how the Directors intend to achieve these goals. 

Operations, Directors and Employees 

All of our operations and those of Western, with the exception of investment selection, are outsourced to 
our subsidiary, City Group PLC (“City Group”). City Group also provides company secretarial, finance and 
head office services to a number of other companies. City Group is responsible for the initial identification 
and appraisal of potential new strategic investments for the Company and the day to day monitoring of 
existing strategic investments and employs 6 people. 

The  table  below  provides  the  gender  split  at  different  levels  of  the  Board  and  employees  within  the 
Company’s business, including City Group, as at 30 June  2023, together with comparator data for the 
previous year. 

Board  

Male number and percentage 

Female number and percentage  

2023 

2022 

5 (100%) 

5 (100%) 

2023 

0  

2022 

0 

Senior managers  

1 (33.3%) 

1 (33.3%) 

2 (66.6%) 

2 (66.6%) 

All employees and Board  

7 (70%) 

7 (70%) 

3 (30%) 

3 (30%) 

Directors’ Service Contracts and Letters of Appointment 

None of the Directors has a service contract with the Company.  Each of the Directors has received a 
Letter of Appointment from the Company in respect of his services under the terms of the Company’s 
Articles of Association. 

The appointment of each of the Directors is pursuant to the terms of a Letter of Appointment which, after 
completion of an initial term of three years, continues, subject to the approval of the Board and annual re-
election, until terminated by either party in accordance with the termination provisions contained in the 
Letter of Appointment.  In the event of termination of a Director’s appointment, there is no compensation 
payment for loss of office. 

The Chairman’s and the Non-Executive Directors’ Letters of Appointment are available for inspection at 
the  registered  office  of  the  Company,  Central  Court,  Suite  1.01,  25  Southampton  Buildings,  London 
WC2A 1AL. 

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London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Directors’ Report (continued) 

Directors’ and Officers’ Liability Insurance  

During  the  year,  the  Company  has  maintained  insurance  cover  for  its  directors  and  officers  under  a 
Directors’ and Officers’ liability insurance policy. 

Each of the Directors has the benefit, under the Company’s Articles of Association, of an indemnity, to 
the extent permitted by the Companies Act 2006, against any liability incurred by him or her in defending 
the Company. 

Political and Charitable Donations 

No political or charitable donations have been made during this last financial year. 

Environmental, Social and Human Rights Issues 

The  Board  does  not  consider  that  there  is  any  further  information  relating  to  environmental  matters, 
employees, social, community and human rights issues that it is necessary to report for an understanding 
of the development, performance or position of the Company’s business. 

  By Order of the Board  

City Group PLC 
Company Secretary 

   28 September 2023 

49

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_____________________________________________ 

Corporate Governance Statement 

Corporate Governance Policy 

Corporate  Governance  is  the  process  by  which  companies  are  controlled  and  directed  to  achieve  the 
objectives of the organisation.  Key to the achievement of objectives is having clarity about the objective 
and the right people in place.  Processes and structures are of secondary importance as, without a focus 
on outcomes and without the right people, it is only by chance that objectives will be met.   

The  UK  Listing  Authority  requires  UK  premium  listed  companies  to  comply  with  the  UK  Corporate 
Governance Code (the “Code”), updated from time to time by the Financial Reporting Council (“FRC”), 
which focuses on processes and structures, and which is deemed to constitute best practice in Corporate 
Governance for most companies.  Directors are required to report to shareholders on how the Company 
applies the principles of the Code and confirm that the Company complies with the Code’s provisions or 
explain why it does not. In July 2018, the Code’s Principles and Provisions were revised further by the 
FRC to simplify the Code and enhance requirements for governance structures and processes. The 2018 
Code Principles and Provisions apply to companies whose accounting periods commence on or after 1 
January 2019. Accordingly, for the year ended 30 June 2023, the Company has applied the principles of 
the 2018 UK Corporate Governance Code and confirms its compliance with those principles or has duly 
explained any non-compliance. 

The JSE Limited (“Johannesburg Stock Exchange” or “JSE”) requires that JSE listed companies report 
on their compliance with the Code of Corporate Practices and Conduct (“King Code”) contained in the 
King Report on Corporate Governance. Currently, all JSE listed companies are required to comply with 
the  disclosure  requirements  and  principles  of  the  King  Code  as  set  out  the  King  IV  Report.    As  the 
Company’s primary listing is on the Main Market of the London Stock Exchange and, as such, is required 
to comply with the Code, the Company is not required to comply with the King Code as well.   

Compliance  

This Corporate Governance Statement describes how the Company applies the principles set out in 2018 
UK Corporate Governance Code (the “Code”). The Company has been in full compliance with the Code 
throughout the year ended 30 June 2023.  

Composition of the Board 

The Board comprises the Chairman, David Marshall, Senior Independent Non-Executive Director, John 
Maxwell, Dr Frank Lucas, Edward Beale and Warwick Marshall. All of the Directors are Non-Executive 
Directors. 

Independence of the Chairman 

The Board has reviewed the independence of the Chairman in respect of David Marshall having served 
more than nine years on the Board.  The Board consider David Marshall to be an effective Chairman who 
continues to use independent judgement in his role and brings a wealth of experience to the role.  The 
Board are, therefore, satisfied that David Marshall should continue in hie role as Chairman. 

Independence of the Directors 

The Board has reviewed the independence of the non-executive directors and John Maxwell and Dr Frank 
Lucas are considered by the Board to be independent despite the fact that both have served on the Board 
for more than nine years. 

The  Board  has  concluded  that  John  Maxwell  and  Dr  Frank  Lucas  both  continue  to  demonstrate  the 
essential characteristics of independence expected by the Board. In reaching this decision, the Board 
also took into account the fact that Dr Frank Lucas is a director of Loeb Aron & Company Limited which 
acted as NEX Exchange Growth Market (now the AQSE Growth Market) corporate adviser to Western 
until June 2018.   

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London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 

Conflicts of Interest 
The Articles of Association reflect the codification of certain directors’ duties arising from the Companies 
Act 2006 and in particular the duty for directors to avoid conflicts of interest. The Board has a process in 
order for Directors to report conflicts of interest or potential conflicts of interest.  

All  Directors  are  required  to  notify  the  Company  Secretary,  City  Group,  of  any  situations,  or  potential 
situations where they consider that they have or may have a direct or indirect interest or duty that conflicts 
or may possibly conflict with the interests of the Company.   

Appointment, election and re-election of Directors 

Responsibility  for  the  process  of  appointment  of  Directors  rests  with  the  Board  acting  on  the 
recommendations of the Nomination Committee. The removal of directors is generally a Board decision. 
Subject to the Company’s Articles of Association, the appointment or removal of  Directors is ultimately 
determined by shareholders at a General Meeting. Between General Meetings, the Board may appoint 
additional Directors who are required to stand for election at the next General Meeting.    

The Company’s Articles of Association require that all new directors seek election to the Board at the next 
AGM  after  their  appointment.  In  addition,  at  every  AGM,  all  members  of  the  Board,  other  than  newly 
appointed Directors who are subject to election, are subject to annual re-election and there is, therefore, 
no requirement at the forthcoming AGM or in the future for any Directors to retire by rotation.   

Resolutions  approving  the  re-election  and  election  of  each  of  the  Directors  will  be  proposed  to 
shareholders at the forthcoming AGM. The Board has reviewed the skills and experience of each and 
supports their re-election.  

As a long-term investment company, it is appropriate for the Directors to serve on the Board for more 
than a single term, subject to continuing satisfactory performance. Given the small size of the Board, this 
results in infrequent changes to the composition of the Board.   

Workings of the Board 

The  Board  is  collectively  responsible  to  shareholders  for  the  success  of  the  Group.  Entrepreneurial 
leadership is provided by capitalising on the skills and experience of the Investment Committee allied to 
the strategic vision and expertise of other Board members. 

As an investment company, all matters, and all decisions are reserved for the Board except for any matter 
specifically delegated to a Board committee or any operational decisions of the Company’s subsidiary 
undertakings. 

The Group’s strategic aim is to generate growth in shareholder value in real terms over the long term 
through a mix of investments and utilising a prudent level of bank borrowing. The investment mix and 
level of gearing are reviewed at  each Board meeting. All major investment decisions are taken by the 
Board. The Investment Committee has delegated authority within certain limits for the management of 
the General Portfolio between Board meetings. 

Board Operation  

As an  investment company, the Company’s Board  is comprised of Non-Executive Directors. It has no 
Chief  Executive  or  any  other  Executive  Directors.  The  Non-Executive  Chairman  leads  the  Board  and 
ensures that it deals with all aspects of its role. He is responsible for the effective performance of the 
Board through control of the Board’s agenda and the running of its meetings. The Chairman organises 
opportunities  for  the  Directors  to  spend  time  with  each  other  on  an  informal  basis  to  improve 
communication and relations between Directors, subject to constraints imposed as a result of Covid-19. 

51

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

The  Board,  through  review  of  the  management  reports,  scrutinises  the  performance  of  the  Company 
against the objective of real growth in shareholder value over the long term. 

As an investment company, all matters, and all decisions are reserved for the Board except for any matter 
specifically delegated to a Board Committee or any operational decisions of the Company’s subsidiary 
undertakings.  

A representative of City Group, the Company Secretary, attends all Board meetings to record proceedings 
and  is  available  at  all  times  to  advise  on  any  corporate  governance  issues  that  arise.    The  Company 
Secretary  is  also  responsible  to  the  Chairman  for  the  efficient  organisation  of  Board  and  Committee 
meetings  including  circulation  of  papers  in  advance  of  meetings  and  the  provision  of  management, 
regulatory  and  financial  information.  Management  reports  including  cash  movements,  portfolio 
movements and valuations are regularly circulated to all Directors for review. 

The Board met on five occasions during the year; there were also two Audit Committee meetings, one 
Remuneration  Committee  meeting  and  one  Nomination  Committee  meeting  during  the  year.  All  such 
meetings were quorate and followed a formal agenda.  

Attendance at the Board meetings and the  Audit, Remuneration and Nomination Committee meetings 
during the year is shown in the following table:  

Board     

Audit 
Committee 

Remuneration 
Committee 

Nomination 
Committee  

No. of meetings in the year to 
30 June 2023 

D.C. Marshall  

F.W.A. Lucas  

J.H. Maxwell 

E.J. Beale  

W. H. Marshall 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

2 

- 

2 

2 

- 

- 

The Board’s Committees 

The Board now has four committees:  

1 

- 

1 

1 

- 

- 

1 

- 

1 

1 

- 

- 

The Investment Committee is chaired by David Marshall and its other member is Edward Beale. The 
Nomination Committee is chaired by John Maxwell and its other member is Dr Frank Lucas. The Audit 
Committee is chaired by Dr Frank Lucas and its other member is John Maxwell. Both members of the 
Audit  Committee  have  recent  and  relevant  financial  experience.  The  Remuneration  Committee  is 
chaired by John Maxwell and its other member is Dr Frank Lucas.  

Committee Meetings are held independently of Board meetings and invitations to attend are extended by 
the committee chairmen to other Directors and the Group’s advisers as appropriate. 

Investment Committee 

The Investment Committee takes responsibility, between Board  Meetings, for the investment decisions 
relating to the Company’s General Portfolio which consists of a broad range of investments in major USA, 
UK and other European companies which provides a diversified exposure to international equity markets. 
All investment decisions are then implemented on the Company’s behalf by City Group which also carries 
out required valuation and accounting work. 

Audit Committee 

The Audit Committee has a number of specific responsibilities including reviewing the Group’s financial 
statements and supporting documentation and all audit related matters.  

A separate report from the Audit Committee is set out on pages 56 to 58. 

52 

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London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Corporate Governance Statement (continued) 

Nomination Committee 

The Nomination Committee, which meets from time to time, has been charged with nominating suitable 
candidates for the Board to consider recommending to the shareholders for appointment as Directors of 
the Company.   

Changes to the composition of the Board are not anticipated to occur on a frequent basis. Whenever a 
change is anticipated, a job description for the role will be agreed by the Nomination Committee, taking 
into account the expertise available to the Group from the other members of the Board and the need to 
acquire  any  specific  capabilities.  The  Nomination  Committee  will  then  undertake  whatever  process  is 
most appropriate for the identification of suitable candidates and their assessment, taking into account 
any other commitments candidates might have. Appointments will be made on merit against objective 
criteria. 

Remuneration Committee  

The  Remuneration  Committee  reviews,  determines  and  recommends  to  the  Board  the  future 
Remuneration Policy for the Chairman of the Board and the Directors. The Remuneration Committee will 
consider  base fees and, where appropriate, salaries,  annual  and long-term incentive  entitlements and 
awards and, where appropriate, pension arrangements. In determining the remuneration policy for the 
Board, the Remuneration Committee takes into account many factors having regard to the requirements 
of the Code. 

The  aggregate  remuneration  of  Directors  is  limited  by  the  Company’s  Articles  of  Association  and  this 
aggregate  amount  and  the Company’s Remuneration Policy can only be changed by the Company in 
General Meeting. The current rates of remuneration are set out in detail in the Directors’ Remuneration 
Report on pages 62 to 63. The remuneration of the Executive Directors and employees of the Company’s 
subsidiary,  City  Group,  is  determined  by  the  Board  of  City  Group,  which  includes  David  Marshall  and 
Edward Beale. No Director is involved in the determination of his own pay. 

New Directors’ Induction  

New  Directors  receive  an  induction  programme  which  includes  legal  and  regulatory  responsibilities, 
information on the Group’s operations and investment company industry matters.  

Performance Evaluation 

The  Board  evaluates  its  own  performance  and  that  of  its  committees  and  its  Chairman  and  individual 
Directors through the annual completion and review of questionnaires. All Directors are encouraged to 
maintain personal continuing professional education programmes and all Directors are entitled to receive 
relevant and appropriate training if required. 

The Board is satisfied, having concluded its most recent evaluations, that each Director’s performance 
continues to be effective and that each Director remains fully committed to the Company. Furthermore, 
the Board is satisfied that its Committees, as currently constituted, continue to be effective.  

Board Succession and Diversity 

In evaluating the performance of the Board and its members, the Board reviews its structure and whether 
it has the right mix of relevant skills, diversity and experience for the effective conduct of the Company’s 
business.    

53

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

The table below provides the gender split of the  Board as at 30 June 2023 as required by the Listing 
Rules: 

Number of Board 
members  

Percentage of 
the Board 

Men 
Women 
Not 
specified/prefer 
not to say 

5 
0 
0 

100 
0 
0 

Number of 
senior positions 
on the Board 
(Chair, CEO, 
CFO and SID) 
2 (Chair and SID) 
0 
0 

Number in 
executive 
management  

Percentage of 
executive 
management  

0 
0 
0 

0 
0 
0 

The table below provides the ethnicity split of the Board as at 30 June 2023 as required by the Listing 
Rules: 

Number of 
Board 
members 

Percentage of 
the Board 

White British or other white 
(including minority-white 
groups) 
Mixed/ Multiple Ethnic Groups 
Asian/Asian British 
Black/African/Caribbean/Black 
British 
Other Ethnic Groups 
including Arab 
Not specified/prefer not to say 

5 

0 
0 
0 

0 

0 

100 

0 
0 
0 

0 

0 

Number of 
senior 
positions on 
the Board 
(Chair, CEO, 
CFO and SID) 
2  (Chair  and 
SID) 

0 
0 
0 

0 

0 

Number in 
executive 
management 

Percentage of 
executive 
management 

0 

0 
0 
0 

0 

0 

0 

0 
0 
0 

0 

0 

All of the Company’s Directors are Male, White and non-executive.  The Company has no executive 
management.  The Company has not met the diversity targets set by the Listing Rules because there 
have been no recent changes to the Board which would have provided an opportunity to meet the diver-
sity targets. The Board does not consider it to be in shareholders’ interests to either replace a Director 
or expand the number of Directors on the Board solely to meet these targets.  Any future changes to the 
Board will be made on merit taking into account the diversity of applicants. 

Internal Control and Risk Management 

There is a well-established system of internal controls set within a framework of clearly defined structures 
and  accountabilities  with  well  understood  policies  and  procedures;  supported  by  training,  budgeting, 
reporting and review procedures.  

Board  decisions  are  implemented  on  a  day-to-day  basis  by  the  subsidiary  company,  City  Group.  The 
framework for internal financial control established in that company has been reviewed by the Board and 
is regarded as effective.  

The  Board,  through  the  Audit  Committee,  annually  reviews  all  material  internal  controls,  including 
financial, operational, and compliance controls, and risk management systems. As a result of this review, 
procedures are adopted which mitigate those risks which have not been specifically accepted under the 
Group’s Investment Policy. The responsibility on a  day-to-day basis for maintaining a sound system of 
internal  controls  rests  with  the  directors  of  City  Group  which  provides  day  to  day  administration  and 
accounting services to the Group.  

The  reporting  and  review  procedures  provide  assurance  to  the  Board  as  to  the  adequacy  and 
effectiveness of internal controls. The Board recognises that it is not possible to divide some functions as 
would be the case in larger organisations and accepts that close supervision is necessary.  

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London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

The  Directors  have  considered  the  need  for  an  internal  audit  function  and  do  not  believe  that  one  is 
appropriate because monitoring processes are applied to give reasonable assurance to the Board that 
the systems of internal control are functioning as intended. 

An  annual self-assessment of risk is  performed which identifies the  areas  in which the Group  is most 
exposed  to  risk,  considers  the  financial  implications  and  assesses  the  adequacy  and  effectiveness  of 
their control. The Board has discussed the results of this review and the Directors can therefore confirm 
that they have reviewed the effectiveness of the Company’s system of internal control.   

Auditors  

The  Board,  through  the  Audit  Committee,  has  developed  a  professional  working  relationship  with  its 
Independent  Auditor,  PKF  Littlejohn  LLP,  which  was  appointed  at  the  Company’s  AGM  in  November 
2016. 

Shareholder Communications 

The Board strives to present a fair, balanced and understandable assessment of the Group’s position and 
prospects in all interim and other price-sensitive public reports and in reports to regulators as well as in 
the information required to be presented by statutory requirements. The Chairman welcomes comments 
on the quality of reports and any areas for improvement. 

Shareholder  communication  centres  primarily  on  the  publication  of  annual  and  interim  accounts  and 
occasional  press  releases  and  trading  updates.  The  Chairman  is  available  for  discussions  with 
shareholders throughout the year and particularly at the time of results announcements. Mr John Maxwell, 
the Senior Independent Non-Executive Director, is also always available should a  shareholder wish to 
draw any matters to his attention. 

The AGM provides a forum for discussion by shareholders with the Board. Shareholders are encouraged 
to attend the AGM and to participate in proceedings by asking questions ahead of the AGM and during 
the formal part of the meeting, voting on the resolutions put to the meeting and providing Board members 
with their views in informal discussions after the meeting. Shareholders are also encouraged, if they have 
any questions or enquiries to make contact with the Company at any time during the year by contacting 
the Company Secretary, City Group PLC (Central Court, Suite 1.01, 25 Southampton Buildings, London 
WC2A 1AL).  

  David Marshall  

Chairman 

28 September 2023 

55

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Audit Committee Report 

Audit Committee 

The  members  of  the  Audit  Committee  (the  “Committee”)  are  Dr  Frank  Lucas  (Chairman)  and  John 
Maxwell.  Both  members  are  considered  to  be  independent  and  neither  member  has  any  conflicts  of 
interest. Both Dr Frank Lucas and John Maxwell have recent and relevant financial experience.  

The Committee meets at least twice a year to consider the Group’s financial reporting and reports from 
the Company’s Independent Auditor.  

The  terms  of  reference  for  the  Committee,  which  are  available  on  request  and  on  the  Company 
Secretary’s website, are reviewed and re-assessed on an annual basis.  

Responsibilities 

The main responsibilities of the Committee are: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

to review the half yearly and annual financial statements of the  Group, the accounting policies 
applied therein and compliance with financial and regulatory reporting requirements. 

to assess whether the annual report and financial statements, taken as a whole, is fair, balanced 
and  understandable  and  provide  the  information  necessary  for  shareholders  to  assess  the 
Group’s position and performance, its business model and strategy.  

to meet with the Independent Auditor to review  its proposed audit programme of work and the 
findings of the Independent Auditor on completion of its work.  The Committee also uses these 
meetings as an opportunity to assess the effectiveness of the audit process.  

if appropriate, to develop and implement policy on the engagement of the Independent Auditor 
to supply non-audit services.   

to make recommendations to the Board in relation to the appointment or re-appointment of the 
Independent Auditor and to approve its remuneration and the terms of its engagement.  

to  monitor  and  review  annually 
effectiveness, resources and qualification.  

the 

Independent  Auditor’s 

independence,  objectivity, 

to review and monitor the internal control systems and risk management systems (including non- 
financial risks) on which the Group is reliant.  

to consider annually whether there is a need for the Group to have its own internal audit function.   

to review the arrangements in place whereby management, office and Group secretarial services 
are provided to the Group and whereby management and staff may, in confidence, raise concerns 
about possible improprieties in matters of financial reporting or other matters (‘whistleblowing’) 
and 

to report to the Board from time to time on any significant financial reporting issues and the views 
and  judgements  the  Committee  might  have  or  make  in  connection  with  such  issues  and  in 
connection with the preparation of the Group’s financial statements.  

Audit Committee Activities 

The Audit Committee met on two occasions in the year ended 30 June 2023, in September 2022 and in 
February 2023. In the course of such meetings the Committee has also met with the rest of the Board.   

The Audit Committee has undertaken the following activities in the year ended 30 June 2023 in discharge 
of its responsibilities: 

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London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Financial Statements 
In  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  Code,  financial  statements  issued  by  the  Company  need  to 
comply with the requirement for such statements to be ‘fair, balanced and understandable’. With this in 
mind, the Committee reviewed and considered the draft 2023 Annual Report & Financial Statements as 
a whole and subsequently made recommendations to the Board and City Group, the Company Secretary. 
The Committee considers the revised 2023 Annual Report & Financial Statements to be ‘fair, balanced 
and understandable’. 

The Group’s 2023 interim results and report were also reviewed and considered by the Committee prior 
to publication in February 2023.  

Valuations  
Listed  investments  are  a  significant  component  of  the  Group’s  investment  business  and  are  also  a 
significant feature in the Group’s financial statements. The Committee has reviewed the Group’s valuation 
policy  for  its  investments.  All  such  investments  are  listed  in  active  stock  markets  and  the  Committee 
considers  that  the  Group’s  General  Portfolio  Investments  are  substantially  liquid.  The  Group’s 
investments  are  valued  using  independent  pricing  sources,  in  accordance  with  the  stated  accounting 
policies and these have been reviewed by the Committee. The Committee also considered the valuation 
basis  for  Strategic  Investments,  which  are  quoted  on  junior  UK  stock  markets,  to  be  appropriate, 
notwithstanding their illiquidity. 

Going concern and viability statements 
The  Committee  assessed  whether  it  was  appropriate  to  prepare  the  Group’s  2023  Annual  Report  & 
Financial Statements, and the 2023 Interim results and report, on a going concern basis and, following 
such assessments, made recommendations to the Board whose conclusions were included in the Interim 
results and report published in February 2023 and are set out in the Directors’ Report on page 44. 

The  Group’s  assets  consist  substantially  of  equity  shares  in  companies  listed  on  recognised  stock 
exchanges and in most circumstances are realisable within a short  timescale. The Committee and the 
Board  believe  it  is  appropriate  to  continue  to  adopt  the  going  concern  basis  in  the  preparation  of  the 
financial statements and they consider that the  Group has a very low level of costs and has adequate 
resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. 

The  Committee  also  assessed  the  viability  of  the  Group.  After  reviewing  the  Group’s  Strategic 
Investments and General Portfolio investments, its gearing and considering the impact of volatility in stock 
markets,  currencies  and  commodities,  the  Committee  was  satisfied  that  the  viability  statement,  which 
relates  to  a  period  of  five  years  ending  30  June  2027,  could  be  made  in  the  2023  Annual  Report  & 
Financial Statements for the reasons set out in the Directors’ Report on page 44. 

Significant Risks and Issues 
The significant accounting issue considered by the Committee during the year in relation to the Group's 
financial statements was the valuation of investments particularly with reference to the on-going effects 
of Covid-19.  

A further significant risk is to ensure the General Portfolio accounted for in the financial statements reflects 
ownership of the relevant securities.  

The  incomplete  or inaccurate recognition  of  income  in the financial statements  are also risks. Internal 
control systems, including reconciliations are in place to ensure income is fully accounted for.  

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Audit Committee Report (continued) 

Internal control 
The  Board  as  whole  is  responsible  for  the  Group’s  system  of  internal  control  and  for  reviewing  its 
effectiveness. The system is designed to manage rather than eliminate the risk of failure to achieve the 
Group’s  business  objectives  and  can  only  provide  reasonable  and  not  absolute  assurance  against 
material misstatement or loss. 

The Committee has also, in the course of the financial year ended 30 June 2023, reviewed the Group’s 
internal control processes and is satisfied that no significant areas of weakness have been identified and 
that  the  existing  processes  and  controls  are  appropriate  having  regard  to  the  Group’s  investment 
business. 

In  particular,  the  Committee  reviews  reports  from  its  subsidiary,  City  Group,  to  ensure  that  internal 
controls  over  the  Group’s  investments  are  adequate.  The  Group’s  audit  includes  independent 
confirmation of the existence of all investments and the valuation of investments to external price sources. 

Audit process and the Independent Auditor 
PKF Littlejohn LLP was appointed as the Company’s new Independent Auditor at the Company’s AGM 
in November 2016 and was re-appointed as the Company’s Independent Auditor at the Company’s AGMs 
in 2017 to 2021 and at the AGM in December 2022.   

The  Committee  meets  each  year  with  the  Independent  Auditor.  The  Company’s  Independent  Auditor, 
PKF  Littlejohn  LLP,  provided  a  detailed  planning  report  in  advance  of  the  annual  audit  work.  The 
Committee was able to review PKF Littlejohn LLP’s detailed planning report prior to commencement of 
the audit work and, following completion of their audit work, the Committee discussed with PKF Littlejohn 
LLP their audit report and findings. In the course of these discussions, the Committee was able to review 
the level and scope of materiality adopted by PKF Littlejohn LLP in the audit process. 

Audit effectiveness 
The Committee reviews annually the audit process conducted by PKF Littlejohn LLP and considers its 
effectiveness. In the course of its review, the Committee will consider the quality of the PKF Littlejohn 
LLP staff, the appropriateness of the audit methodology as applied to the Company’s business activities 
and  the  level  of  challenge  from  PKF  Littlejohn  LLP  and  the  quality  of  reporting  to  the  Board  and  the 
Committee.  As part of its evaluation, the Committee also obtains assurance from PKF Littlejohn LLP on 
the quality of its audit work. 

Non-audit work 
In order to safeguard the Independent Auditor’s independence and objectivity, City Group, the Company 
Secretary, maintains a schedule of specific non-audit work activities which are carried out independently 
of the Independent Auditor. City Group has confirmed to the Committee that PKF Littlejohn LLP has not 
carried out any non-audit work activities on behalf of the Company in the year ended 30 June  2023 or 
since the year-end. 

Re-appointment of PKF Littlejohn LLP as Independent Auditor 
PKF  Littlejohn  LLP  was  re-appointed  as  the  Company’s  Independent  Auditor  at  last  year’s  AGM.  The 
Committee has concluded that PKF Littlejohn LLP have provided an effective audit and the Committee 
has recommended to the Board the re-appointment of PKF Littlejohn LLP as the Group’s Independent 
Auditor at the Company’s forthcoming AGM. 

Relations with Shareholders 
The Board places great importance on communication with shareholders and up to date information can 
be obtained on the Group through City Group, the Company Secretary. The  Group’s Annual Report & 
Financial  Statements  is  sent  to  shareholders  and  the  Annual  Report  &  Financial  Statements  and  the 
Company’s  Interim  results  and  report  can  be  downloaded  from  City  Group’s  website  www.city-
group.com/london-finance-investment-group-plc 

  Dr Frank Lucas 

Chairman of the Audit Committee 

28 September 2023 

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London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Directors’ Remuneration Report 

Remuneration Committee  

The members of the Committee are John Maxwell (Chairman) and Dr Frank Lucas. Both members are 
considered to be independent and neither member has any conflicts of interest. Both John Maxwell and 
Dr Frank Lucas have recent and relevant financial experience. 

The Committee meets at least once a year to consider the remuneration arrangements for the Directors 
and senior managers. The Committee will ensure that the arrangements are aligned to the Company’s 
strategy,  the  aim  of  which  is  to  promote  long  term  sustainable  success  and  generate  growth  in 
shareholder value in real terms over the medium to long term whilst maintaining a progressive dividend 
policy.  The  Committee  reviews,  considers  and  makes  recommendations  on  changes  to  the  Directors’ 
remuneration policy in the future.  

The  terms  of  reference  for  the  Committee,  which  are  available  on  request  and  on  the  Company 
Secretary’s website, are reviewed and re-assessed on an annual basis.  

Key Objectives of the Committee  

The  key  objectives  of  the  Committee  in  reviewing  the  Company’s  Remuneration  Policy  and  making 
recommendations to the Board as to changes in the policy are as follows: 

• 

• 

• 

remuneration  for  the  current  Directors,  all  of  whom  are  Non-Executive  Directors,  should  be 
competitive, but not excessive, in order to motivate and retain its Directors and grow the Group 
successfully 

remuneration  packages  for  new  Non-Executive  Directors  or  Executive  Directors,  should  the 
appointment  of  Executive  Directors  be  considered  appropriate,  should  be  competitive  but  not 
excessive, in order to attract, motivate and retain such Directors and grow the Group successfully 

remuneration  of  Executive  Directors,  if  the  appointment  of  Executive  Directors  is  considered 
appropriate, should be linked to the long-term performance of the Group’s business 

•  any performance related remuneration for Executive Directors should be set so as to align the 

interests of the Executive Directors with those of the shareholders 

• 

In determining remuneration arrangements for the  Directors, the Committee will  also take  into 
consideration the pay and employment conditions in other parts of the Group 

The Form of the Directors’ Remuneration Report 

The Directors’ Remuneration Report has been prepared in accordance with the Directors' Remuneration 
Report Regulations and also meets the relevant requirements of the UK Listing Authority Listing Rules.  

The Directors’ Remuneration Report comprises three sections: 

•  a  remuneration  policy,  which  sets  out  the  framework  for  remuneration  arrangements  for  the 

Directors; 

•  an annual report on Directors’ remuneration, which sets out all payments made to the Directors 

during the year; and 

•  an annual statement by the Chairman of the Remuneration Committee, John Maxwell. 

Resolutions for the approval of the Directors’ Remuneration Policy and Directors’ Remuneration Report 
for the year ended 30 June 2022 were put to shareholders at the AGM last year and each resolution was 
approved with 15,108,494 votes in favour and 100 votes against. 

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Directors’ Remuneration Policy  

The current Remuneration Policy for the Directors was approved by shareholders at the Company’s AGM 
last year. The Company’s Remuneration Policy needs to be put to a binding shareholders’ vote at least 
once  every  three  years.  Accordingly,  the  Company’s  Remuneration  Policy  will  be  put  to  a  binding 
shareholders’ vote at the Company’s AGM in 2026. 

The Committee has reviewed the Company’s Remuneration Policy and has considered whether changes 
to the policy should be made at this time. The Committee does not consider it appropriate to propose any 
revisions to the current policy. 

The Directors’ Remuneration Policy is as follows: 

Salaries and fees 

The Company’s Board has no Executive directors and is entirely comprised of Non-Executive Directors. 
The Company’s Remuneration Policy at present is to pay fixed fees to these Directors. No salaries are 
payable and there is no variable element of pay for the Directors.   

The  level  of  Directors’  fees  is  set  with  a  view  to  attract,  motivate  and  retain  talented  individuals.  The 
maximum amount of a Director’s fee will be set by the Board from time to time, following recommendations 
from the  Committee,  and  increases will not be higher than  inflation  unless this can be justified having 
regard to the performance of the Group or additional responsibilities taken on by Directors. 

The Group’s policy for future increases in Directors’ fees is similar to the policy for increases in salaries 
to City Group employees but in the case of Directors’ fees the reviews will be performed every 3-5 years. 
A  review  of  Directors’  fees  was  conducted  in  June  this  year  and,  as  a  result,  Directors’  fees  were 
increased by £5,000 in aggregate with effect from 1 July 2023.  

Long term Incentive Schemes 

Save for the Group’s Company Share Option Plan, the Group has no other long-term incentive schemes.  
The  Group  has  no  plans  to  adopt  any  further  long-term  incentive  schemes  in  the  future,  although  the 
Board will keep such schemes under review in the light of changing legislation. 

The Group’s Company Share Option Plan was established, in September 2006, to incentivise full-time 
employees and directors of City Group and to recognise outstanding efforts or achievements, or otherwise 
to attract, motivate or retain staff.  

Edward Beale has been the only Director to receive option awards. Edward Beale was awarded options 
on 29 February 2016 over 80,000 shares, prior to his appointment to the Board, and these options may 
be exercised at any time prior to 1 March 2026.  

Bonuses or other Discretionary Payments 

The Company does not make bonus payments or other discretionary payments to any of the Directors.   

Part of the profits of City Group (currently 50%) are allocated to a staff bonus pool. 

Pensions and other Benefits  

The  Directors  are  covered  by  the  Company’s  directors’  and  officers’  liability  insurance  cover  which  is 
renewed  annually.  Other  than  this  insurance  cover,  no  other  benefits,  such  as  pension  contributions, 
private medical health cover, death in service insurance, life insurance or company cars are provided for 
the Directors. 

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London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Directors’ Remuneration Report (continued)

Remuneration on Appointment to the Board
It  is  anticipated  that  new  Non-Executive  Directors  will  be  remunerated  on  a  similar  basis  to  existing 
Directors. No additional payments will be made to such Directors.  

The Company has no Executive Directors at present and there is no intention in the immediate future to 
appoint any Executive Directors. However, should it be appropriate in the future to recruit an Executive 
Director, the remuneration package offered will be designed to attract high quality individuals and will be 
commensurate  with  those  available  in  the  market  at  the  time  of  recruitment  for  persons  with  similar 
experience and any equity incentive arrangements proposed to be granted on appointment will be subject 
to shareholder approval.  

The remuneration package offered in respect of an Executive Director could include fixed and variable 
bonuses, pension contributions, private medical health cover, death in service insurance, travel and other 
allowances as well as a basic salary.

Loss of Office

The Chairman and the Directors have no entitlement to compensation for loss of office as Directors of the 
Company.

City Group

The remuneration paid to the directors and employees of the Company's subsidiary, City Group, in the 
year ended 30 June 2023 was reviewed and considered by the Board of City Group, which includes David 
Marshall and Edward Beale.

Performance Graph

Lonfin Total Shareholder Return v FTSE Eurofirst 100 Index

EuroFirst 100

London Finance &I nvestment Group

The above graph shows Lonfin's Total Shareholder Return (TSR) performance compared to the TSR of 
the FTSE Eurofirst 100 index over the past five years. The Group’s main activity is that of an investment 
Group and the Board believes that because the Group’s General Portfolio concentrates on FTSE 100 
companies, or European equivalent, this index is best suited as the comparator index. The Group is not 
a part of the FTSE Eurofirst 100 Index, being a member of the FTSE Fledgling Index, which is not deemed 
an appropriate comparator as it contains many small companies of varying nature.

TSR is defined as the percentage change over the period in market price assuming the reinvestment of 
income and funding of liabilities of the theoretical holding. TSR has been calculated on a  three-month 
basis in order to reduce the volatility associated with spot prices. 

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Annual Report on Directors’ Remuneration  

The following report sets out details of remuneration paid to the Chairman and the Directors in the financial 
year ended 30 June 2023 and describes how the Company’s Remuneration Policy will be implemented 
for the year ending 30 June 2024. 

A list of all the Directors who served the Company in the financial year ended 30 June 2023 and their 
beneficial interests (and those of their connected persons) in the Company’s ordinary shares as at 30 
June 2022 and 2023 is set out in the Directors’ Report on page 45 of this document. 

Chairman’s Remuneration 

As  the  Company  has  no  Chief  Executive  Officer  the  table  below  shows  the  total  remuneration  of  the 
Chairman, David Marshall, for the 5 years to 30 June 2023 (all of which have been audited) by way of 
comparison with the total return to shareholders illustrated in the Performance Graph set out above.   

The table and related information below, which  have  been audited, also shows the total remuneration 
expected to be paid to the Chairman in the year ending 30 June 2024.   

The Chairman’s remuneration is by way of fixed fees only. He receives no variable pay element or equity 
incentives or taxable benefits. 

David Marshall, Non-Executive Chairman, 

Total fees paid  

Year ended 30 June 
2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 
2023 

Year ending 30 June 
2024 

£ 
20,000 
20,000 
20,000 
20,000 
20,000 

Total fees expected to be paid 
21,000 

The Chairman, David Marshall, cedes his Director’s fees to Marshall Monteagle PLC. The Chairman 
receives no other payment or benefits from the Company. 

Directors’ Remuneration 

The  Company’s  Board  is  entirely  comprised  of  Non-Executive  Directors  and  the  Company’s 
Remuneration Policy at present is to pay fixed fees to these Directors. No salaries are payable and there 
is no variable element of pay for the Directors. 

The table and related information set out below, which have been audited, shows the fees paid to David 
Marshall, the Chairman, and the Directors, in the year ended 30 June 2023, compared with the fees paid 
to the Chairman and the Directors in the previous year. The table also shows the fees expected to be 
paid to the Chairman and the Directors in the year ending 30 June 2024.  

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London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Directors’ Remuneration Report (continued)

Non-Executive Directors

Mr. D. C. Marshall 
Mr. J.H. Maxwell
Dr. F.W.A. Lucas 
Mr E.J. Beale ⧫
Mr W.H. Marshall 

Total fees payable
Year ending
30 June 2024

Total fees paid 

Year ended
30 June 2023

Year ended
30 June 2022

£
21,000
15,000
15,000
15,000
15,000
81,000

£
20,000
14,000
14,000
14,000
14,000
76,000

£
20,000
14,000
14,000
14,000
14,000
76,000

In the two years ended 30 June 2023:

            Mr Marshall has ceded his Director’s fees to Marshall Monteagle PLC.

Dr F.W.A. Lucas has ceded his Director’s fees to Loeb Aron & Co Limited.

♦

Mr E.J. Beale has ceded his Director’s fees to Marshall Monteagle PLC

The remuneration of the Chairman and the Directors for the year ending 30 June 2023 will be  £5,000 
more in aggregate for the year ended 30 June 2024.

The Group’s policy for future increases in fees to the Directors is similar to the  policy for increases in 
salary to City Group employees save that in the case of  Directors’ fees the reviews will be performed 
every 3-5 years. A review of Directors’ fees was conducted in June 2023.

Directors’ and Group Employees’ Remuneration compared to Shareholders’ dividends

The table below compares the total remuneration paid to the Board and the Group’s employees to the 
distributions paid to shareholders by way of dividends in the last three years. 

The Board’s and the Group’s employees’ total remuneration for the three years ended 30 June  2023, 
which has been audited, is set out below.

Year ended 30 June
2021
2022
2023

The Board and employees of 
the Group’s total remuneration 
(audited)
£
530,000
536,000
549,000

Dividends paid to Shareholders 
(audited)

£
359,000
359,000
359,000

Directors’ interests in the Company

The interests of the Directors (and their connected persons) at 30 June 2023 are as set out in the table 
in the Directors’ Report on page 45.

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Long term Incentive Schemes 

No option awards under the Group’s Company Share Option Plan have been made to any of the Directors 
or employees of the Group in the year ended 30 June 2023 and no option awards are envisaged for the 
year ending 30 June 2024.   

None  of  the  Directors  or  current  employees  of  the  Group  have  received  option  awards  under  the 
Company’s Group Share Option Plan in the past save for Edward Beale who, being at the time an eligible 
employee under the rules of the Group’s Company Share Option Plan, on 29 February 2016 was granted 
options over 80,000 ordinary shares in the Company with an exercise price of 37.5p per share. These 
options may be exercised at any time prior to 1 March 2026. This information has been audited.  Further 
information  on the valuation of these options is set out in  Note  18 to the Financial  Statements, Share 
Capital and Reserves. 

Bonuses or other Discretionary Payments 

No bonuses or other discretionary payments have been made by the Group to any of the Directors in the 
year ended 30 June 2023 and no bonuses or other discretionary payments will be paid in the year ending 
30 June 2024. This information has been audited. 

Pensions and other Benefits  

No pension contributions have been paid in respect of any of the Directors in the year ended 30 June 
2023 and no pension contributions will be paid by the Company in the year ending 30 June 2024. This 
information has been audited.  

Loss of Office 

No payments or commitments in respect of payments in respect of loss of office have been paid to any 
Director in the year ended 30 June 2023 and no such payments will be paid in the year ending 30 June 
2024. This information has been audited.  

Remuneration on Appointment to the Board 

No payments or commitments in respect of payments in respect of any Board appointments have been 
paid in the year ended 30 June 2023. This information has been audited.  

It is anticipated that, if new Non-Executive Directors are appointed in the year ending 30 June 2024 or in 
subsequent  years,  they  will  be  remunerated  on  a  similar  basis  to  the  fees  which  are  then  paid  to  the 
existing Directors and no additional payments will be made. 

Should it be considered appropriate to appoint an Executive Director to the Board in the year ending 30 
June 2024 or in subsequent years, the remuneration package to be offered will be in line with the policy 
for Executive Directors as set out in the Directors Remuneration Policy above.  

City Group 

The remuneration payable to the executive directors and employees of the Company's subsidiary, City 
Group, for the year ended  30 June 2024 will be reviewed and considered by the Board of City Group, 
which includes David Marshall and Edward Beale. 

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London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Annual Statement by John Maxwell, Chairman of the Remuneration Committee 

On behalf of the Board, I am pleased to present the Directors’ Remuneration Report for the year ended 
30 June 2023.  

I  confirm  that  the  Directors’  Remuneration  Policy,  set  out  above,  summarises  the  Company’s  current 
Remuneration  Policy  which  will  need  to  be  reviewed  and  put  to  a  binding  shareholders’  vote  at  the 
Company’s AGM to be held in 2026. 

At this time, the Board is comprised wholly of Non-Executive Directors, including the Chairman, who only 
receive  director’s  fees,  the  scale  of  which  is  limited  by  the  provisions  of  the  Company’s  Articles  of 
Association.  Notwithstanding the scale of fees received by each of the Directors, the Board as a whole 
is committed to promoting the success of the Company and the growth in the Company’s net assets and 
the dividends paid to shareholders.  

I also confirm that the Annual Report on Directors’ Remuneration set out above summarises the entire 
remuneration  paid  to  members  of  the  Board  for  the  year  ended  30  June  2023  and  the  remuneration 
arrangements  for  the  Board  for  the  year  ending  30  June  2024.  A  resolution  to  approve  the  Directors’ 
Remuneration  Report  (other  than  the  part  containing  the  Directors’  Remuneration  Policy),  will  be 
proposed at the Company’s AGM to be held on 28 November 2023 at which the Company’s Financial 
Statements will be approved.   

This Directors’ Remuneration Report was approved by the Board and signed on its behalf by:  

  John Maxwell 

Chairman of the Remuneration Committee 

28 September 2023 

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_____________________________________________ 

Task Force on Climate-related financial disclosures (“TCFD”) 
Report  

This is our second year reporting against the TCFD disclosures and recommendations. Our disclosures 
are  not  yet  fully  aligned  with  the  TCFD  recommendations.  Whilst  the  Company  is  a  small  investment 
business we will look to refine and develop our approach to and our understanding of our climate-related 
financial risks and opportunities with a view to meeting the TCFD recommendations in full by 2024.  
Governance  

The management of our investments is the responsibility of the Board.  

The assessment and management of the Company’s principal risks and new and emerging risks, includ-
ing climate-related risks, is a matter for the Audit Committee which, in conjunction with the Investment 
Committee, reviews these in relation to the Company’s investments and its business operation and re-
views  the  Company’s  approach,  policies  and  actions  in  relation  to  its  risks  which  are  then  raised  and 
discussed with the Board.  

The Board has overall responsibility for the Company’s investment management and risk management 
including the extent of climate-related risks and opportunities.   

Strategy 

The Company’s Investment Committee, in conjunction with the Board, will consider Strategic Investment 
opportunities, that is, investments in smaller UK quoted companies which have capable management and 
good opportunities  for growth. In  considering investment in such companies, the Company  will  aim to 
acquire significant minority holdings and to be represented on their boards where the Company’s  man-
agement can use its experience and skills to assist in the development of these companies. We will use 
our influence with all such companies whether they be existing or new investments, to ensure that climate 
impacts are assessed, and strategies and processes are considered to address them. 

Our Strategic Investments have been balanced by the Company’s General Portfolio, which consists of a 
broad range of investments in major USA, UK and other European companies which provides a diversified 
exposure to international equity markets. Given the size and value of our General Portfolio investments, 
we expect that the management of these global companies will ensure that climate-change impacts are 
fully assessed, and appropriate strategies and processes are put in place to achieve net zero emissions 
by 2050 or sooner. 

In the short to medium term, the Board has assessed that the most significant impact to our Strategic 
Investments and our General Portfolio investments as a result of climate-change related risks will be the 
costs  to  the  investee  companies  of  meeting  regulatory  changes  and  adjusting  to  market  change  and 
changing consumer behaviour. The Board also anticipates that some of the investee companies will iden-
tify and benefit from sustainable climate-change related opportunities. 

As our Strategic Investments and General Portfolio investments come from a broad range of sectors, the 
Board has assessed that a climate change related stress scenario of 2°C or lower is unlikely to impact 
the viability of the Group over the short to medium term.  

The Company’s business operation is simple and straight-forward: the Company now operates from ser-
viced office premises just outside the City of London with no employees or staff save for the staff of our 
company secretary, City Group. On review of the risks to our operation, the Board has concluded that it 
would not be impacted by any material climate change related risks in the short to medium term. 

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London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Risk Management 

The Board and the Audit Committee will review the Company’s actual and emerging risks and risk man-
agement processes each year. Depending on the level of risks assessed, the Audit Committee and the 
Board will consider and agree actions to mitigate these risks. 

We  will  work  with  the  management  of  our  Strategic  Investments  to  encourage  them  to  measure  and 
reduce climate change related risks.  We will monitor and maintain sufficient diversification in our General 
Portfolio of investments to mitigate climate change related risks associated with those investments.  
The Board has not carried out a detailed assessment of the climate-change risks that might affect our 
business operation. Although the options for energy efficiency improvements for our offices are limited, 
we will be assessing whether it is possible to switch to renewable tariffs from 100% renewable sources. 

The Company will seek to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 or earlier and with this target in mind we 
will  examine  opportunities  to  increase  efficiencies  and  reduce  energy  consumption  in  our  business 
operation.  

Metrics and Targets  

The key measure  used to  assess the progress of our investments and our own  business operation  in 
reducing environmental impacts is carbon emissions.  

The  Company  and  its  subsidiaries  have  no  Scope  1  emissions  and  given  the  size  and  nature  of  the 
Company’s investment business and there being little or no business travel, the Company has not previ-
ously needed to report on Scope 3 emissions.   

In  recent  years,  the  Company  has  managed  and  reported  on  its  Scope  2  emissions.  During  the  year 
ended 30 June 2023, the Group’s electricity consumption for our London office Scope 2 emissions. During 
the  year  ended  30  June  2023,  the  Group’s  electricity  consumption  for  our  London  office  was  1,167  
KgCO2e equating to a carbon dioxide equivalent of 1 tonne (1 tCO2e/employee) (2022 – 1 tonne). ). The 
risks associated with  increasing energy costs at our  London office can  be  managed as  these are low 
relative to the net assets of the Group.  

Excluded from Scope 3 emissions are a proportionate share of the Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions of 
companies that we are invested in where our shareholding is less than 0.01% of the issued share capital, 
since we are unable to have any influence over the emissions of those companies. Those companies are 
all major multinationals which will have their own plans for achieving net zero emissions by 2050 or earlier, 
and the diversified nature of the General Portfolio means that the Company’s exposure to climate related 
risks from these investments is minimal. 

We will continue to manage and report on the Group’s Scope 1 (if any) and Scope 2 emissions with a 
target of reducing emissions to net-zero as soon as possible and no later than 2050. We will engage with 
the management of our Strategic Investments to encourage them to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 
or  earlier.  We  will  continue  to  factor  climate  change  related  risk  into  our  investment  decision  making 
process. 

67

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Summary of Results 
For the five years ended 30 June 2023 

Consolidated  Statement  of  Financial 
Position 
Issued share capital 
Share premium and other reserves 
Company’s retained realised profits 
Shareholders’ funds (all equity) 
Non-controlling interest 

Disposition of Capital 
Non-current assets  

Current assets 
Listed investments (General Portfolio) 
Other current assets 
Cash and deposits 

Liabilities and deferred tax 

2023 
£000 

2022 
£000 

2021 
£000 

2020 
£000 

2019 
£000 

1,560 
7,451 
9,472 
18,483 
157 
18,640 

1,560 
7,662 
7,872 
17,094 
141 
17,235 

1,560 
11,584 
5,749 
18,893 
129 
19,022 

1,560 
8,740 
5,498 
15,798 
103 
15,901 

1,560 
12,960 
3,749 
18,269 
92 
18,361 

3,164 

4,050 

8,369 

6,834 

8,203 

15,496 
100 
1,264 
16,860 
(1,384) 
18,640 

14,055 
109 
1,156 
15,320 
(2,135) 
17,235 

12,081 
125 
309 
12,515 
(1,862) 
19,022 

9,948 
166 
269 
10,383 
(1,316) 
15,901 

11,383 
194 
240 
11,817 
(1,659) 
18,361 

Net assets per share 
Dividend per share 

59.2p 
1.15p 

54.8p 
1.15p 

60.5p 
1.15p 

50.6p 
1.15p 

58.6p 
1.15p 

68 

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

NOTICE OF ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING 

NOTICE is hereby given that the Annual General Meeting of London Finance & Investment Group 
PLC (the “Company”) will be held at the offices of City Group PLC, Central Court, 25 Southampton 
Buildings,  London  WC2A  1AL  on  Tuesday, 28  November  2023  at  12.30  p.m.  (14.30  p.m.  South 
Africa time).    

In order to ensure the safety of those planning to attend the Annual General Meeting and that the appro-
priate safety arrangements are in place, it is requested that shareholders inform City Group, the Company 
Secretary of their intention to attend the Annual General Meeting by email to mail@citygroup.com. 

If shareholders do not wish to attend, we strongly encourage you to appoint the Chairman as your proxy 
and  submit  the  proxy  form  as  soon  as  possible.  Questions  may  also  be  submitted by  email  and  re-
sponses. will be provide subsequent to the meeting. 

Resolutions 

The Resolutions to be voted upon at the Annual General Meeting are as follows: 

To consider and, if thought fit, pass the following resolutions, of which Resolutions 1 to 10 will be proposed 
as Ordinary Resolutions and Resolution 11 will be proposed as a Special Resolution. 

1.  

2.  

3.  

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

To receive the financial statements for the year ended 30 June 2023, together with the reports of 
the Directors and the Independent Auditor thereon. 

To declare a final dividend for the year ended 30 June 2023 of 0.60 pence for each ordinary share 
in the capital of the Company. 

 To approve the Directors’ Remuneration Report, other than the part containing the Directors’ 
Remuneration Policy, in the form set out in the Company’s Annual Report and Financial 
Statements for the year ended 30 June 2023.  

To re-elect Mr D.C. Marshall as a Director, who, is subject to annual re-election and who retires 
and offers himself for re-election. 

To re-elect Dr F.W.A. Lucas as a Director, who is subject to annual re-election and who retires 
and offers himself for re-election 

To re-elect Mr J. H. Maxwell as a Director, who is subject to annual re-election and who retires 
and offers himself for re-election. 

To re-elect Mr E. J. Beale as a Director, who is subject to annual re-election and who retires and 
offers himself for re-election. 

To re-elect Mr W. H. Marshall as a Director, who. is subject to annual re-election and who retires 
and offers himself for re-election. 

To re-appoint PKF Littlejohn LLP as the Company’s Independent Auditor and to  authorise the 
Directors to agree its remuneration. 

69

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

10. 

11. 

(a) 

THAT the directors be generally and unconditionally authorised, pursuant to and in accordance 
with section 551 of the Companies Act 2006, to exercise all the powers of the Company to allot 
shares  in  the  Company  and  to  grant  rights  to  subscribe  for,  or  to  convert  any  security  into 
shares  in  the  Company  (‘Rights’)  up  to  an  aggregate  nominal  amount  of  £189,626  (being 
3,792,521  ordinary  shares),  provided  that  this  authority  shall  expire  at  the  conclusion  of  the 
Annual General Meeting of the Company to be held in  2024, save that the Company shall be 
entitled to make offers or agreements before the expiry of this authority which  would or might 
require shares to be allotted or Rights to be granted after such expiry and the Directors shall be 
entitled  to  allot  shares  and  grant  Rights  pursuant  to  any  such  offers  or  agreements  as  if  this 
authority had not expired; and all unexercised authorities previously granted to the Directors to 
allot shares and grant Rights be and are hereby revoked. 

THAT,  

subject to the passing of Resolution 10 set out above, the Directors be empowered, pursuant to 
section  570  and  section  573  of  the  Companies  Act  2006,  to  allot  equity  securities,  within  the 
meaning of section 560 of that Act, for cash pursuant to the authority conferred by Resolution 10, 
as if section 561(1) of that Act did not apply to any such allotment, provided that this power shall 
be limited to: 

(i) 

the allotment of shares in the Company in connection with or pursuant to an offer by way 
of rights, bonus issues or similar issues to the holders of ordinary shares in the capital of 
the Company and other persons entitled to participate therein in proportion (as nearly as 
may be) to such holders' holdings of such shares (or, as appropriate, to the numbers of 
such shares which such other persons are for those purposes deemed to hold) subject 
only to such exclusions or other arrangements as the  Directors may feel necessary or 
expedient to deal with (i) fractional entitlements or legal or practical problems under the 
laws  or  the  requirements  of  any  recognised  regulatory  body  in  any  territory  (ii) 
underwriting all or part of such an issue and (iii) applications by shareholders for equity 
instruments offered to other shareholders as part of such an issue, but not taken up by 
other shareholders; and 

(ii)  

the allotment to any person or persons (otherwise than in connection with a rights issue) 
of  equity  securities  up  to  an  aggregate  nominal  amount  of  £78,000  (being  1,560,000 
ordinary shares), representing approximately 5% of the issued ordinary share capital of 
the Company; 

(b) 

the  power  given  by  this  resolution  shall  expire  upon  the  expiry  of  the  authority  conferred  by 
Resolution  10  set  out  above,  save  that  the  Directors  shall  be  entitled  to  make  offers  or 
agreements before the expiry of such power which would or might require equity securities to be 
allotted after such expiry and the Directors shall be entitled to allot equity securities pursuant to 
any such offers or agreements as if the power conferred hereby had not expired; and  

(c) 

words and expressions defined in or for the purposes of Part 17 of the Companies Act 2006 shall 
bear the same meaning herein. 

  By Order of the Board  

City Group PLC 
Company Secretary 

Central Court, 
Suite 1.01, 
25 Southampton Buildings. 
London  WC2A 1AL 

28 September 2023 

70 

70

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

Notes 

1. 

2. 

3 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

A Form of Proxy is enclosed.   

Shareholders are encouraged to nominate the Chairman as their proxy. A shareholder is entitled 
to appoint a proxy other than the Chairman to exercise all or any of their rights to attend and to 
speak and vote on their behalf at the Meeting. A shareholder may appoint more than one proxy 
in relation to the Meeting provided each proxy is appointed to exercise the rights attached to a 
different share or shares held by that shareholder. A proxy need not also be a shareholder but 
must attend the meeting for the shareholder’s vote to be counted.  

To be valid the form of proxy should be completed and returned so as to reach the Company’s 
Registrars, Neville Registrars Limited, Neville House, Steelpark Road, Halesowen, West Mid-
lands, B62 8HD, U.K., for those shareholders on the UK branch of the register, or Computer-
share Proprietary Limited, at 15 Biermann Avenue, Rosebank,  Johannesburg 2196, South Af-
rica or Private Bag X9000, Saxonwold 2132, South Africa, for those shareholders on the South 
African branch of the register, not later than 12.30 p.m. (14.30 p.m. South Africa time) on 24 
November 2023. Any shareholders who miss the deadline for returning their proxies will, if they 
wish to vote at the Meeting, need to attend and vote their shares in person at the Meeting. 

Any member or his/her proxy, with the right to attend  the Meeting has the right to submit any 
question, relating to the business of the Meeting, to the City Group, the Company Secretary, at 
mail@city-group.com. All questions should be received by 12.30 p.m. (14.30 p.m. South Africa 
time) on 24 November 2023 

Only shareholders registered in the register of members of the Company as at 18.00 p.m. (20.00 
p.m. South Africa time) on 24 November 2023 shall be entitled to vote by proxy at the Meeting in 
respect of the number of shares registered in their name at such time as long as their proxy form 
is submitted within the deadline.  

In the case of joint holders, the vote of the senior holder who tenders a vote by proxy shall be 
accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the other joint holders and, for this purpose, seniority 
shall  be  determined  by  the  order  in  which  the  names  stand  in  the  register  of  members  of  the 
Company in respect of the relevant joint holding. 

Copies of Directors’ letters of appointment are available on request to the Company Secretary, 
City Group, by making the request to mail@city-group.com.  

As at the date of the Annual Report,  the Company’s issued share capital consists of 31,207,479 
ordinary shares, carrying one vote each. Accordingly, the total voting rights in the Company  are 
31,207,479. 

The  information  required  to  be  published  by  section  311(A)  of  the  Companies  Act  2006 
(information about the contents of this Notice and numbers of shares in the Company and voting 
rights  exercisable  at  the  Meeting  and  details  of  any  shareholders’  statements,  members’ 
resolutions and members’ items of business received after the date of this Notice) may be found 
at www.city-group.com/london-finance-investment-group-plc 

10. 

Shareholders satisfying the thresholds in section 527 of the 2006 Act can require the Company 
to  publish  a  statement  on  its  website  setting  out  any  matter  relating  to  (a)  the  audit  of  the 
Company’s accounts (including the Auditor’s report and the conduct of the audit) that are to be 
laid  before  the  Meeting;  or  (b)  any  circumstances  connected  with  an  Auditor  of  the  Company 
ceasing to hold office since the last AGM, which the members propose to raise at the meeting.  

The Company cannot require the shareholders requesting the publication to pay its expenses. 
Any statement placed on the website must also be sent to the Company’s Auditors no later than 
the time it makes its statement available on the website. The business which may be dealt with 
at  the  Meeting  includes  any  statement  that  the  Company  has  been  required  to  publish  on  its 
website pursuant to this right. 

71 

71

 
 
 
 
_____________________________________________ 

Note: For shareholders registered on the South African branch of the register: 

11. 

A  Form  of  Proxy  is  attached  for  the  convenience  of  any  certificated  or  dematerialised  Lonfin 
shareholders with own-name registrations who cannot attend the Meeting, but who wish to be 
represented  thereat.  To  be  valid  completed  Forms  of  Proxy  must  be  received  by  the  transfer 
secretaries  of  the  Company,  Computershare  Proprietary  Limited,  at  15  Biermann  Avenue 
Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196 or at Private Bag X9000, Saxonwold, 2132, South Africa by no 
later than 12.30 p.m. (14.30 p.m. South Africa time) on 24 November 2023. 

All beneficial owners of Lonfin shares who have dematerialised their shares through a CSDP or 
broker, other than those with own-name registration, and all beneficial owners of shares who hold 
certificated shares through a nominee, must provide their CSDP,  broker or nominee with their 
voting  instructions,  in  accordance  with  the  agreement  between  the  beneficial  owner  and  the 
CSDP, broker or nominee as the case may be. Should such beneficial owners wish to attend the 
meeting  in  person  they  must  request  their  CSDP,  broker  or  nominee  to  issue  them  with  the 
appropriate letter of authority. If shareholders who have not dematerialised their shares or who 
have dematerialised their shares with own-name registration and who are entitled to attend and 
vote  at  the  Meeting  do  not  deliver  proxy  forms  to  the  transfer  secretaries  timeously,  such 
shareholders  will  nevertheless  at  any  time  prior  to  the  commencement  of  the  voting  on  the 
resolutions  at  the  Meeting  be  entitled  to  lodge  the  form  of  proxy  in  respect  of  the  Meeting,  in 
accordance with the instructions therein with the Chairman of the Meeting. 

Record Dates: 
Please take note of the following important dates 
Record date for the purpose of determining which shareholders of the 
Company are entitled to receive Notice of the Annual General Meeting 
(‘the notice record date’) 
Annual Report published on SENS and posting date  
The last date to trade in order to be eligible to participate in and vote at 
the Annual General Meeting 
Record date for the purpose of determining which shareholders of the 
Company are entitled to participate in and vote at the Annual General 
Meeting (‘the voting record date’) 
Last day for lodging forms of proxy by 14.30 p.m. (SA time) 
Date of the Annual General Meeting at 14.30 p.m. (SA time) 
Result of Annual General Meeting published on SENS 

2023 

Friday, 13 October 

Thursday, 19 October
Tuesday, 21 November 

Friday, 24 November 

Friday, 24 November  
Tuesday, 28 November   
Tuesday, 28 November 

Change of Address: 

Members are requested to advise the United Kingdom Registrars, Neville Registrars Limited, or the South 
African Registrars, Computershare Investor Services (Pty.) Limited, of any change of address. 

72 

72

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

73

London Finance & Investment Group PLC___________ 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC

FORM OF PROXY 

I/We,………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 

(for South African Shareholders only: 

Telephone number:………………………………….Mobile phone number:……..…………………. 

Email address…………………………………………………………………………………………....). 

being (a) member(s) of the above-named company (the “Company”) hereby appoint the chairman of the 
Annual General Meeting, failing whom 
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 

as my / our proxy to vote for me / us on my / our behalf at the Annual General Meeting of the Company 
to be held on 28 November 2023 at 12:30 p.m. (14.30 p.m. South Africa time) and at any adjournment 
thereof. 

I / We hereby authorise and instruct my/our proxy to vote (or abstain from voting) as indicated below on 
the resolutions to be proposed at such meeting. Unless otherwise directed the proxy will vote or abstain 
from voting as he thinks fit. 

RESOLUTIONS 

Ordinary Resolutions 

For 

Against  Withheld 

✃

1.   To receive the financial statements for the year ended 30 
       June 2023, together with the reports of the directors and 
      auditors thereon. 
2.   To declare a final dividend for the year ended 30 June 2023. 

3.   To approve the Directors’ Remuneration Report (excluding 
      the Director’s Remuneration Policy). 
4.   To re-elect Mr D.C. Marshall as a director. 

5.   To re-elect Dr F.W.A. Lucas as a director. 

6.   To re-elect Mr J. H. Maxwell as a director. 

7.   To re-elect Mr. E. J. Beale as a director.  

8.   To re-elect Mr W. H. Marshall as a director. 

9. To re-appoint PKF Littlejohn LLP as Auditor of the  
      Company and to authorise the Directors to agree its  
      remuneration.  
10.  To authorise the directors to allot shares under Section 551  
       of the Companies Act 2006. 
Special Resolution 

11.  To disapply pre-emption rights.  

Dated………………………………………2023 

Signature…………………………………… 

73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
London Finance & Investment Group PLC
_____________________________________________ 

Notes 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

The  shareholders  are  encouraged  to  nominate  the  Chairman  as  their  proxy.  However,  a 
shareholder is entitled to appoint a proxy other than the Chairman to exercise all or any of their 
rights to attend and to speak and vote on their behalf at the Meeting. A shareholder may appoint 
more than one proxy in relation to the Meeting provided each proxy is appointed to exercise the 
rights attached to a different share or shares held by that shareholder. A proxy need not also be 
a shareholder but must attend the Meeting for the shareholder’s vote to be counted.  

Please indicate with a cross in the appropriate box on your Form of Proxy how you wish your 
votes to be cast at the Meeting. If you do not make a specific direction, the proxy will vote (or 
abstain from voting) at his or her discretion. On any other business which properly comes before 
the Meeting (including any motion to amend any resolution or to adjourn the Meeting) the proxy 
will vote or abstain at his or her discretion. 

The ‘withheld’ vote box on the Form of Proxy is provided to enable you to abstain on any particular 
resolution. However, it should be noted that a ‘withheld’ vote is not a vote in law and will not be 
counted  in  the  calculation  of  the  proportion  of  votes  ‘for’  and  ‘against’  a  resolution  but  will  be 
counted to establish if a quorum is present. 

To be valid your signed and dated  Form of  Proxy, and power of  attorney or other authority (if 
any), must be received at the offices of the Company’s Registrars: 

•  Neville Registrars Limited, Neville House, Steelpark Road, Halesowen, West Midlands, 

B62 8HD UK; or  

• 

the South African Registrars, Computershare Proprietary Limited: 

o  by  hand  or  by  mail  to  15  Biermann  Avenue,  Rosebank,  Johannesburg  2196, 

South Africa; or 

o  by mail to Private Bag X9000, Saxonwold 2132, South Africa  

not later than 12:30 p.m. (14.30 p.m. South Africa time) on Friday, 24 November 2023. (See 
Note 11 to the Notice above). Any shareholders who miss the deadline for returning their prox-
ies will need to attend and vote their shares in person at the Meeting . 

Completion and return of this Form of Proxy will be taken as your final votes where the Chairman 
has been appointed as the proxy. 

In  the  case  of  a  corporate  shareholder,  this  Form  of  Proxy  should  either  be  executed  by  the 
company under seal or under the hand of two authorised signatories or a director in the presence 
of a witness (whose name, address and occupation should be stated). 

In the case of joint holders, the vote of the first-named in the register of members of the Company 
will be accepted to the exclusion of that of other joint holders. 

74