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Marshall Motor Holdings plc

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FY2020 Annual Report · Marshall Motor Holdings plc
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22 BRAND PARTNERS 
128 OPERATING UNITS  
28 COUNTIES NATIONWIDE

www.mmhplc.com
Marshall Motor Holdings plc 
Airport House, The Airport, Cambridge, CB5 8RY 

© 2021 Marshall Motor Holdings plc

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Annual Repor t  
& Accounts 2020 

P U T T I N G   O U R   C U S T O M E R S   A B O V E   A L L   E L S E   S I N C E   1 9 0 9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

22 BRAND PARTNERS 
128 OPERATING UNITS  
28 COUNTIES NATIONWIDE

Volkswagen ID.4

2

Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Contents

STRATEGIC REPORT 
Chairman’s Statement                                                             8 
Operating Review                                                                  10 
Financial Review                                                                   34 
Principal Risks and Uncertainties                                          40 
Board Decision Making (s.172 Statement)                            46 

GOVERNANCE 
Board of Directors                                                                  50 
Directors’ Report                                                                    52 
Corporate and Social Responsibility                                     56 
Corporate Governance Report                                              66 
Audit Committee Report                                                        72 
Remuneration Committee Report                                          78 
Directors’ Remuneration Policy                                             82 
Directors’ Remuneration Report                                            86 
Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities                                90 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Independent Auditor’s Report                                                91 

Consolidated Financial Statements 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income             99 
Consolidated Balance Sheet                                               100 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity                    101 
Consolidated Cash Flow Statement                                    102 
Net Debt Reconciliation                                                       103 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements                104 

Parent Company Financial Statements 
Parent Company Balance Sheet                                         160 
Parent Company Statement of Changes in Equity              161 
Notes to the Parent Company Financial Statements          162 

COMPANY INFORMATION                                                171 

3

 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT

Historical Financial Trends

Revenue  £m  
excluding discontinued leasing segment

Gross Profit  £m  
excluding discontinued leasing segment

£2,232.0m

£2,186.9m

£2,276.1m

£2,154.4m

£258.3m

£253.2m

£260.8m

£238.2m

£1,860.1m

£212.1m

£1,195.7m

£136.4m

2015 2016 2017

2018 2019

2020

2015 2016 2017

2018

2019

2020

CAGR 12.5%

CAGR 11.8%

Underlying Profit Before Tax*/** £m

Net Assets £m

£215.9m

£202.3m

£191.2m

£194.0m

£25.4m

£24.7m

£20.5m

£22.1m

£145.7m

£20.9m

£129.9m

£11.0m

2015 2016 2017

2018

2019

2020

2015 2016 2017

2018

2019

2020

*   underlying profit before tax is presented  

excluding non-underlying items (see Note 7) 

**  2018 has been restated following the adoption of  

IFRS 16 “Leases” (see Note 3)

4

Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

2020 Quick Overview

Revenue 

£2.2bn
£20.9m
87,439

Underlying Profit Before Tax 

New and Used Units Sold

£215.9m

Net Assets 

£31.1m

Underlying Operating Profit

Operating Units 

128
3,691 

Colleagues 
at 31 December 2020

No.1

Automotive  
Retail Employer
Ranked 6 years running by our  
colleagues in the best UK workplaces

Employer of the Year 
& Social Media Awards

5

Jaguar F-TYPE

 
South Lakes

Scarborough

Blackpool

Harrogate

York

Preston

Blackburn

Leeds

7th

Largest Automotive Retailer

Bolton

Approved 
Used

Hull

Scunthorpe

Motorrad

Grimsby

22

Brand Partners 

128

Operating Units 

28

Counties Nationwide 

Lincoln

Derby

Nottingham

Grantham

Melton Mowbray

Leicester

Northampton

Vans

King’s Lynn

Peterborough

Vans

Trade Parts 
Specialist

St. Neots

Cambridge

Bedford

Milton Keynes

Trade Parts 
Specialist

Oxford

Aylesbury

Letchworth

Bishop’s  
Stortford

Welwyn

Harlow

Braintree

Ipswich

Barnstaple

DAS WELT

Bridgwater

Trade Parts 
Specialist

Swindon

Newbury

Commercial 
Vehicles

Andover

Salisbury

St. Albans

Reading

Approved 
Centre

Old Kent Rd

Hook

Wimbledon

Sydenham

Bexley

Trade Parts 
Specialist

Loughton

Trade Parts 
Specialist

Mitcham

Coulsdon

Croydon

Beckenham  
& Bromley

Taunton

Winchester

Southampton

Bournemouth

Commercial 
Vehicles

Fareham Commercial 

Vehicles

Portsmouth

Chichester

Trade Parts 
Specialist

Exeter

Plymouth

Volvo XC40 T5

6

Retail Franchised Dealerships

Motorrad

Commercial Vehicle Dealerships

Vans

Vans

Commercial 
Vehicles

Commercial 
Vehicles

Commercial 
Vehicles

Other Stand-Alone Operating Units

Trade Parts 
Specialist

Trade Parts 
Specialist

Trade Parts 
Specialist

Trade Parts 
Specialist

Trade Parts 
Specialist

Trade Parts 
Specialist

Paint & 
 Body Repair 
Centre

Paint & 
 Body Repair 
Centre

Paint & 
 Body Repair 
Centre

Paint & 
 Body Repair 
Centre

Paint & 
 Body Repair 
Centre

Paint & 
 Body Repair 
Centre

Approved 
Centre

Approved 
Used

Used Car  
Centre

Commercial 
Vehicles

Parts 
Plus

7

Beckenham & Bromley, Bexley, 
Coulsdon, Exeter, Newbury, Oxford, 
Plymouth, Taunton and Wimbledon

Bournemouth, Grimsby (with Motorrad), 
Hook and Salisbury 

Cambridge  
and King’s Lynn

Harrogate, Hull, South Leicester, 
Newbury, Peterborough, Reading, 
Scarborough and York  

Cambridge, Ipswich, Lincoln,  
Newbury, Oxford and Peterborough  

Ipswich, Scunthorpe

Bedford, Cambridge, Ipswich, 
Lincoln, Melton Mowbray, Newbury  
Oxford and Peterborough

Blackburn, Blackpool, Bolton, Chichester, 
Portsmouth, Preston, Southampton, 
South Lakes and Winchester

Bournemouth, Grimsby,  
Hook and Salisbury   

Grantham and Lincoln

Cambridge, Peterborough  
and St. Neots

Braintree, Cambridge,  
Leicester and Oxford 

Barnstaple, Bedford, Croydon, Harlow,  
Leicester, Letchworth, Milton Keynes, Newbury, 
Northampton, Nottingham, Oxford and Reading

Bolton and Portsmouth  

Ipswich and Peterborough 

Aylesbury, Barnstaple, Bridgwater, Grimsby, Harlow,  
Letchworth, Loughton, Milton Keynes, Newbury, North Oxford, 
South Oxford, St. Albans, Reading, Scunthorpe and Taunton  
Bishops Stortford, Cambridge, Derby, 
Grantham, Leeds, Milton Keynes, Nottingham, 
Peterborough and Welwyn Garden City 

Cambridge and King’s Lynn

Andover, Fareham  
and Southampton

Bridgwater, Lincoln, Loughton, Oxford, 
Reading and Scunthorpe  

Cambridge, Exeter, Mitcham, Old Kent 
Road / Dartford, Oxford and Swindon

Cambridge, Greenham Prep Centre, Grimsby,  
Loughton, New Forest and Peterborough

Audi Sydenham, BMW Scunthorpe  
and Cambridge Used Cars 

Croydon Service Centre

Nottingham

Cambridge

   
   
   
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT

Chairman’s Statement
“Our priority in responding to the COVID-19 
pandemic has been the safety and wellbeing 
of our colleagues and customers and doing 
our duty to the broader society to which 
we belong.”

Introduction 
I am pleased to present our annual results for the year 
ended 31 December 2020 (the “Year”). 

The  Year  was,  inevitably,  dominated  by  the  impact  of 
COVID-19 and the measures put in place to control the 
spread  of  the  virus. As  a  result,  there  were  prolonged 
periods of the Year during which all, or some elements, of 
our physical retail business were required to close. Whilst 
this  clearly  affected  trading  during  those  periods,  we 
recognise and are grateful for, the fact that our sector was 
not as negatively impacted as others. 

As  a  sector,  we  benefited  from  a  number  of  tailwinds 
following the reopening of our businesses after the initial 
national lockdown: we were permitted to open our retail 
businesses earlier than other retailers on 1 June 2020 and 
we benefited from the release of pent-up demand in both 
sales and aftersales, an increased preference for private 
mobility  and  robust  used  car  valuations  as  a  result  of 
supply constraints for new cars.  

We also benefitted significantly from Government support 
measures; including business rates relief, retail grants and 
the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS). We are 
grateful that these measures enabled us to protect the vast 
majority of jobs within the Group as well as our liquidity.  

Professor  
Richard Parry-Jones CBE 
Chairman 

Our brand partners and suppliers have been extremely 
supportive  during  this  challenging  period  and  we  are 
thankful  for  this  support.  In  challenging  times  such  as 
those experienced during the Year, the importance of the 
symbiotic  relationship  with  each  of  our  strong,  global 
franchise partners was clearly demonstrated. 

I am incredibly proud of how our management team and 
colleagues across the Group responded to the challenges 
with which we were presented during the Year. Our priority 
in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic has been the 
safety and wellbeing of our colleagues and customers and 
doing our duty to the broader society to which we belong. 
As  well  as  ensuring  our  businesses  were  safe 
environments in line with COVID-19 secure guidelines, 
we worked hard to support colleagues, both financially 
and through wider wellbeing initiatives.  

a 

our 

trading 

perspective, 

From 
continued 
outperformance of the wider market was significant and 
(in combination with the support measures and sector 
tailwinds  referred  to  above)  enabled  us  to  achieve  a 
strong financial result for the Year despite the challenges 
we faced.

Strategy  
The Group’s strategy of close partnership with major global 
automotive brands has served us well over many years, 
none more so than in 2020 when the strength and depth of 
our  partnerships  was  clearly  demonstrated.  Whilst 
completed  corporate  activity  during  the  Year  was  more 
limited as a result of COVID-19, our clear strategy, strong 
financial position and support of our key brand partners will 
enable us to take further growth opportunities as they arise. 
We also believe that those automotive retailers with both 
scale and a diverse portfolio will be best placed to succeed 
in  a  changing  market  and  continue  to  explore  ways  to 
increase our scale with high quality, financially attractive 
acquisitions. 

The automotive sector was already undergoing a period of 
evolution,  driven  by  a  combination  of  environmental, 
technological and social change factors. COVID-19 has 
accelerated a number of these developments, in particular, 
the progression towards a more flexible, consumer-centric 
retail model incorporating remote sales utilising technology 

such as video consultations, online purchases with vehicle 
delivery and ‘click and collect’ services. We have embraced 
these developments and the operational efficiencies and 
improved customer choice of experience they offer.  

Nevertheless,  COVID-19  has  also  demonstrated  the 
importance of our physical presence. Despite widespread 
use of remote sales channels throughout the pandemic, 
vehicle sales during the Year were significantly impacted by 
the  closure  of  showrooms  for  prolonged  periods  with 
research  consistently  showing  that  the  majority  of 
consumers continue to opt for a showroom experience as 
part of the car buying process.  

Along  with  our  manufacturer  partners,  we  continue  to 
believe that a strong retail franchise network will be a crucial 
component of the future automotive sector. This perfectly 
complements our increasingly strong online presence and 
is positioning us to provide the ‘best of both worlds’ to our 
customers, offering a bespoke customer experience with 
warm human relationships at its heart.

8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
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Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Results  
The Group delivered a strong financial performance in what 
was a very challenging year.  

have collectively agreed that no executive management 
bonuses  should  be  paid  until  to  the  Group  can  restore 
dividends. 

The  Group  achieved  reported  revenue  (including  2019 
acquisitions) of £2.2 billion (2019: £2.3 billion). Underlying 
profit  before  tax*  (‘PBT’)  for  Year  was  £20.9m  (2019: 
£22.1m). The Board considers this to be a strong result 
given  the  circumstances  and,  as  stated  above,  was 
achieved as a result of a combination of continued market 
outperformance,  sector 
tailwinds  and  significant 
Government support.  

The Group’s balance sheet is also strong, with adjusted net 
cash** of £28.8m at 31 December 2020 (2019: adjusted 
net  debt  of  £30.6m).  Net  assets  rose  to  £215.9m, 
underpinned by £125.8m of freehold land and buildings. 

Dividend  
The  Board  has  considered  the  position  in  relation  to 
dividends extremely carefully. The Board is cognisant of the 
fact that, in light of the uncertainty caused by COVID-19, it 
suspended  and  subsequently  cancelled  the  previously 
announced final dividend for 2019 and did not declare an 
interim dividend for 2020. The Board continues to believe 
this was the right action to take to maximise the Group's 
financial resilience in the face of an extremely unpredictable 
trading environment. 

In relation to 2020, whilst the Group has performed well and 
its financial position is strong, the Board is mindful of the 
significant  support  the  Group  has  received  both  from 
Government measures such as business rates relief and 
CJRS and from other stakeholders. 

As a result, the Board feels it would be inappropriate to 
recommend the payment of a final dividend for 2020. The 
Board  understands  the  importance  of  dividends  to 
shareholders  and  intends  to  resume  the  payment  of 
dividends as soon as conditions allow and will consider the 
position next at the time of release of its interim results in 
August  2021.  Our  approach  to  management  bonuses 
supports this position: while we value management’s efforts 
and commitment enormously, the Board and management 

*   Underlying profit before tax is presented excluding non-underlying items 

(see Note 7 to the financial statements). 

** Adjusted net cash/(debt) is presented excluding the impact of IFRS16 

Leases.

AGM  
Our annual general meeting will be held on 20 May 2021. 
The Board would prefer to hold a physical meeting at which 
shareholders are able to attend in person, but that may not 
be possible. 

Summary 
The impact of COVID-19 continues to dominate the social 
and  economic  environment  in  2021.  Our  experience  of 
meeting these challenges during the Year, coupled with the 
demonstrable  resilience  and  flexibility  of  our  business 
model, leads to our belief in being able to navigate through 
the headwinds that may arise in the short term.  

Our strategic focus and tried and tested business model, 
together with our exceptionally strong relationships with our 
brand partners, gives us confidence in the Group’s future 
prospects  and  success.  The  Group’s  balance  sheet 
remains strong and we continue to be well positioned to 
take  advantage  of  further  growth  and  consolidation 
opportunities as they arise. 

I  would  like  to  thank  the  leadership  team,  our  brand 
partners, business suppliers, shareholders and colleagues 
throughout the Group for their wholehearted support during 
a very challenging year. 

Finally,  I  would  also  like  to  thank  all  of  our  customers 
throughout the UK who continue to choose Marshall for 
their mobility products and services. We believe in putting 
our customers at the heart of everything we do and we 
never lose sight of the fact that our sustained success as a 
business  is  dependent  on  meeting  and  exceeding  their 
expectations. 

Professor Richard Parry-Jones CBE 
Chairman 
8 March 2021 

9

LEVC VN5 van

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OPERATING REVIEW

Operating Review

“The response of colleagues across our 
businesses during the Year was outstanding.  
Despite significant uncertainty, our colleagues 
went above and beyond, rising to the 
challenges we collectively faced.”

Daksh Gupta 
Chief Executive 
Officer

Overview 
2020 was dominated by COVID-19 and the impact of 
measures put in place to control the spread of the virus, 
both in the UK and globally. In common with many other 
businesses, there were prolonged periods during the 
Year when our physical retail businesses were required 
to close, in full or in part, which clearly had a significant 
impact on trading.  

Nevertheless, 
through  a  combination  of  support 
received from both the Government and our business 
partners, a number of one-off sector tailwinds and our 
continued and significant outperformance of the wider 
market, we are pleased to report an underlying profit 
before tax for the Year of £20.9m (2019: £22.1m). Our 
financial position also remains strong, with adjusted net 
cash at 31 December 2020 of £28.8m (2019: adjusted 
net debt of £30.6m). 

Our priority in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic was 
and remains the safety and wellbeing of our colleagues 
and customers. As well as ensuring our businesses were 
COVID-19 secure in line with Government guidelines, we 
worked hard to support colleagues, both financially and 
through wider wellbeing initiatives, further details of which 
are set out later in this report. 

In recognition of the vital role our aftersales operations 
play  in  supporting  essential  vehicle  mobility,  we 
continued  to  provide  essential  vehicle  aftersales 
services during periods of national and local lockdown 
to support the emergency services, commercial vehicle 
operators, vulnerable customers and key workers. The 
Board believed it was appropriate for the Company to 
continue to offer these services, notwithstanding they 
operated  at  a  small  loss,  to  support  the  country, 
particularly in light of the various Government support 
schemes provided to businesses through this period. 

The  response  of  colleagues  across  our  businesses 
during  the  Year  was  outstanding.  Despite  significant 
uncertainty,  our  colleagues  went  above  and  beyond, 
rising  to  the  challenges  we  collectively  faced.  Their 
contribution 
result  cannot  be 
financial 
underestimated  and  we  thank  them  all  for  their 
dedication and commitment. 

to  our 

Whilst the impact of COVID-19 will continue to dominate 
the  social  and  economic  environment  in  2021,  our 
success in meeting these challenges to date, coupled 
with the demonstrable resilience and flexibility of our 
business  model,  gives  us  confidence  in  our  ability  to 
successfully navigate the coming months. 

Like-for-like revenue

£1.9bn 
(2019: £2.2bn)

Underlying PBT

£20.9m 
(2019: £22.1m)

10

 
 
 
 
 
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Financial Highlights: 

Strategic and Operational Highlights: 

Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

•  Reported  revenue  of  £2.2  billion,  down  5.3%  (2019: 
£2.3bn), with like-for-like revenue of £1.9 billion, down 
13.5% (2019: £2.2bn), despite significant market decline 
as a result of national lockdowns; 

•  Underlying profit before tax of £20.9m (2019: £22.1m), 
reported profit before tax of £20.4m (2019: £19.6m); 

•  Total new vehicle unit sales down 9.2%, with like-for-like 
total  new  vehicle  unit  sales  down  19.4%,  heavily 
impacted  by  COVID-19  but  a  strong  double-digit 
outperformance against a UK market registration decline 
of 29.4%; 

  ?  Total new vehicle unit sales to retail customers down 
4.6% with like-for-like down 16.9%, an outperformance 
against a UK retail market registration decline of 26.6%; 
  ?  Total new vehicle unit sales to fleet customers down 
16.8%  with 
an 
outperformance against a UK fleet market registration 
decline of 31.7%; 

like-for-like 

23.2%, 

down 

•  The  Group  added  three  further  locations  with  the 
acquisition  of Aylesbury  Volkswagen  and  start-ups  of 
Oxford Seat and King’s Lynn Ford Commercial Vehicles; 

•  Eleventh consecutive year of Great Place to Work status 
and sixth consecutive year of being ranked as one of the 
UK’s best workplaces; 

•  Further  development  of  the  Group’s  digital  strategy, 
including the introduction of ‘click and collect’ and online 
reservation services; 

•  Continued  promotion  of  the  ‘Marshall’  brand  with  a 
number  of  national  TV  marketing  campaigns  and 
continuation of our award-winning social media activities;  

•  Ongoing portfolio management with the closure of four 

sub-scale, loss making businesses. 

•  Total used vehicle unit sales down 5.3% with like-for-like unit 
sales down 14.6%, compared with used vehicle transactions 
down 14.9%, a pleasing result given showroom closures; 

•  Reduced impact in aftersales with total revenue down 

6.7% and like-for-like revenue down 13.5%; 

•  Total  overheads  of  £207.1m,  down  by  9.5%  (2019: 
£228.8m), reflecting Government and partner support 
combined with strong management actions; 

•  Adjusted net cash at 31 December 2020 of £28.8m, an 
increase of £59.4m from 31 December 2019 as a result 
of  a  combination  of  Government  COVID-19  support 
measures,  working  capital  control  and  management 
cash preservation actions taken during 2020; 

•  Positive  cash  position  enabled  voluntary  repayment, 
18 months early, of £10.9m being all amounts due under 
the VAT Payment Deferral Scheme; 

•  £120m  revolving  credit  facility  extended  in  July  until 
2023; COVID-19-related covenant amendments agreed; 

•  No final dividend for Full Year 2020 proposed 

11

Land Rover Defender

 
OPERATING REVIEW

COVID-19: impact and timeline  
As stated above, 2020 was dominated by the impact of COVID-19 and the Year was 
characterised by four distinct trading periods: 

1) Pre-COVID-19: strong trading 
(Jan to late March 2020) 
In our 2019 results announcement on 
10 March 2020, we reported that our order-
book for the important March 2020 plate-
change month had been encouraging. As 
the month progressed, the Group continued 
to perform strongly and was confident of 
achieving an excellent operational and 
financial performance in the first quarter of 
the Year.  

Notwithstanding the temporary closure of 
our physical sites in what is traditionally 
the busiest week of the year, we were able 
to significantly outperform the wider UK 
new car market in the first quarter:  

• Like-for-like new unit sales for the three 
months to 31 March 2020 were down 
10.6% compared to the 31.0% decline in 
new vehicle registrations reported by the 
Society of Motor Manufacturers and 
Traders (SMMT) over that period. This 
outperformance reflected both strong 
order-take throughout the first quarter of 
the Year and a focus on completing 
customer handovers in anticipation of the 
potential closure of our operations given 
the emerging situation with COVID-19; 

• Like-for-like used unit sales were down 
9.7%, a pleasing result given the fact 

that our showrooms were closed in the 
busiest week of the year; 

• Like-for-like aftersales revenues were 
down just 3.1% despite the loss of 
seven trading days at the end of March; 

they operated at a small loss, to support 
the country, particularly in light of the 
various COVID-19 Government support 
schemes provided to businesses through 
this period. 

• Total like-for-like revenue was down 
6.9% in the first quarter of the Year. 

2) Safeguarding our business 
through the closure period 
(Late March to June 2020) 
Our priority in responding to the COVID-19 
pandemic was the safety and wellbeing of 
our colleagues and customers and we 
announced the temporary closure of our 
dealerships on 23 March 2020, prior to 
Government restrictions requiring car 
showrooms and all non-essential 
businesses to close, impacting the busiest 
week of the year. 

In recognition of the vital role our services 
play in supporting essential vehicle 
mobility, the Group kept 62 of its 
aftersales operations open across the 
country to support the emergency 
services, commercial vehicle operators, 
vulnerable customers and key workers 
throughout the COVID-19 national 
emergency. The Board believed it was 
appropriate for the Company to continue 
to offer these services, notwithstanding 

We continued to operate online and on the 
telephone to manage customer enquiries 
for sales. During the closure period from 
late March to June 2020, the Group took 
orders for over 3,700 new and used 
vehicles. This was, inevitably, significantly 
down on the comparable prior year period 
during which c.19,000 new and used 
vehicle orders were taken. 

During this period, the Group furloughed 
around 90% of its 4,300 colleagues. The 
Group acknowledges the support provided 
by Government through the Coronavirus 
Jobs Retention Scheme (CJRS) which 
enabled the Group to support colleagues 
and protect their employment.  

Further details of how the Group 
supported colleagues during their period of 
furlough are set out in the ‘People Centric’ 
section below. These included the 
additional financial support we provided to 
supplement CJRS, through regular video 
communications and a focus on supporting 
colleagues’ mental wellbeing.  

COVID-19 timeline – H1

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March

April

May

June

20th

23rd

11th

26th

Furlough scheme 
announced

Government 
imposed lockdown

Click and collect

Government announcement 
ref re-opening of showrooms

10th

22nd

FY19 results 
- March 
orderbook 
encouraging

MMH decision 
to temporarily 
close 
showrooms

62 aftersales operations kept open during lockdown to support emergency 
services, CV operators, vulnerable customers and key workers

3,700 new and used vehicle orders taken during lockdown. Maintained our retail 
presence and supported our customers (online & telephone services)

1st

MMH showrooms 
reopen under revised, 
COVID-secure, 
operating procedures

26th

90% of 4,300 
colleagues 
furloughed

Mar

Significant YTD LFL 
outperformance
New: -10.6%

Mar

YTD: -31.0%

May

18th

1st

MMH recognised with 
GPTW award
10th year running

Dealership 
management 
team returns

50% of 
colleagues 
returned to work

Ongoing bi-weekly management video briefings to all colleagues

Jun

Jun

Trading strong due to pent-up 
demand & delivery of outstanding 
vehicles ordered prior to lockdown

Significant YTD LFL 
outperformance
New: -37.7%

Apr

May

Jun

Month: -97.3%

Month: -89.0%

YTD: -48.5%

12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

3) Re-opening under COVID-19 
secure operating procedures 
(June to October 2020) 
The Group reopened all its showrooms 
and other operating units from the 1 June 
2020. Detailed preparations were made to 
ensure our business reopened under 
revised, COVID-19 secure, operating 
procedures to safeguard our colleagues, 
customers and all other visitors to our 
businesses.  

Through its close connections with the 
National Franchised Dealers Association 
(NFDA) and working alongside the SMMT, 
the Group was pleased to contribute to 
the COVID-19 safety guidelines issued by 
the Government for motor retailers. The 
Group carried out detailed risk 
assessments, mandatory colleague 
training ahead of return to the business 
(with a required pass mark of 100%) and 
implemented robust auditing by our 
Health & Safety team to provide 
assurance that our COVID-19 secure 
procedures were being implemented and 
followed.  

Trading from June to October was strong, 
benefitting from a number of sector 
tailwinds including a release of pent-up 
demand (including the delivery of 
outstanding vehicle orders not completed 
prior to the closure period and those 
taken during that period), extended 
vehicle financing agreements coming to 

an end and a shift from use of public 
transport towards vehicle ownership with 
an increase in first-time car purchasers. 
Resilient consumer demand was 
augmented by strong margin retention 
and robust used car valuations as a result 
of supply constraints in new cars following 
the prolonged closure of many 
manufacturers’ factories during the first 
lockdown period.  

4) Second National Lockdown and 
Geographical Tiers  
(November to December 2020) 
The second national lockdown in 
November 2020 and the subsequent 
introduction of Tier 4 restrictions during 
December 2020 and the closure of all 
non-essential retail (including vehicle 
showrooms), again impacted trading 
during the last two months of the Year.  

In addition to these sector tailwinds, the 
Group’s outperformance of the wider 
market during this period was 
significant. As announced in October 
2020, the Group’s outperformance of 
the market in the important plate-
change month of September was 
particularly strong. Against the SMMT-
reported decline in total new vehicle 
registrations in September 2020 of 
4.4%, the Group’s like-for-like total new 
vehicle sales were up 18.4%. Across the 
third quarter of the Year as a whole, the 
Group’s total new unit sales were up 
11.8% on a like-for-like basis compared 
with SMMT-reported new vehicle 
registrations down 0.5%.  

This strong period of trading enabled the 
Group to eliminate losses from the first 
lockdown period and gave the Board the 
confidence to target a significant upgrade 
to our adjusted profit before tax for the 
Year.

With the Group’s strong presence in the 
south and east of the country which were 
first to be impacted by the tier system 
during December 2020, around 90% of 
our dealerships were required to close 
during the last month of the Year. The 
Group was, however, able to continue to 
operate ‘click and collect’ retailing of new 
and used vehicles during this period.  

The work and investment made in 
ensuring we could operate effectively on a 
‘click and collect’ basis mitigated the 
impact of the closure of our physical 
showrooms to customers. We were 
encouraged by the level of order-take and 
deliveries utilising telephone, online and 
‘click and collect’ services.  

This trading environment has continued 
into 2021 and whilst it has resulted in 
reduced order-take, the impact has been 
markedly less than that experienced 
during the first lockdown period. 

COVID-19 timeline – H2

July

August

September

October

November

December

12th

31st

2nd

3-tier system 
introduced

4-week lockdown 
imposed

4th tier introduced, c.90% of MMH 
operations impacted given footprint

18th

H1’20 results –
Key September 
order bank 
building well

Continued to trade strongly 
throughout remainder of 
August and during key plate-
change month of September

Showrooms in 
tier 3 close

All showrooms closed. Aftersales 
open and ‘click and collect’ 
services continue.  Continued 
investment in online proposition

16th

Launch date of 
£99 online 
reservations

Sep

Recognised as Great 
Place To Work for 
11th year running

Nov

MMH awarded 
‘Employer of the 
Year’ **

Ongoing management video briefings to all colleagues – 44 in 2020

18th

Targeting 
break-even

Sep

13th

MMH LFL vs market

Significant LFL 
outperformance 
vs market

New retail +19.1%

+20.2%

Fleet

Used

+17.1%

+24.5%

+15.7%

-

Targeting £15m 
underlying PBT
£10.9m VAT repaid early

Trading negatively 
impacted by 
November closure; 
however continued 
outperformance

9th

Targeting not 
less than £19m 
underlying PBT

Sector tailwinds: pent-up demand, “revenge 
buying”, loss of confidence towards public 
transport, increase in first-time vehicle users 
and new vehicle supply shortages

Sep

New retail (month): -1.1%
Fleet (month): -7.4%

Dec

New retail (YTD): -26.6%
Fleet (YTD): -31.7%

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*Source: SMMT; **Motor Trader Magazine

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People are at the 
heart of our success

Despite the uncertain and difficult times 
we have experienced since March, all 
the things that make our business so 
special have carried on regardless.  
We couldn’t be prouder of our colleagues 
for continuing to keep spirits high, look 
out for each other, support our business 
and the community. Never have our 
values been more evident.

14

Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Our vision

To be the UK’s premier automotive retail group

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Class leading 
returns

Customer 
first

Retailing  
excellence

People  
centric

Strategic  
growth

The Group 
aims to deliver 
benchmarked 
class leading 
returns for its 
shareholders.

Customer 
service is at the 
core of the 
Group as it 
drives repeat 
car sales and 
the purchase of 
higher margin 
aftersales 
products.

The Group 
maintains its 
competitive 
edge by 
investing in the 
best people 
supported by 
cutting-edge 
technology in 
the sector.

The Group is 
committed to 
recruiting, 
training, and 
retaining the 
best talent in 
the industry.

The Group 
aims to grow 
both organically  
and through 
acquisitions, 
building scale 
with its existing 
brand partners 
and extending 
its geographic 
footprint.

 Underpinned by five strategic pillars

Strategy

The Group’s strategic vision to be the UK’s premier automotive group remains central 
to everything we do. The five strategic pillars, which underpin our vision are: class 
leading returns; putting our customers first; delivering retailing excellence for the 
benefit  of   our  customers;  being  people-centric  by  focusing  on  employee 
engagement; and pursuing strategic growth both organically and through targeted 
acquisitions in line with the Group’s strategy.

15

 
OPERATING REVIEW

The Group aims to 
deliver benchmarked 
class leading returns 
for its shareholders.

16

Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

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Class leading returns

Although  the  past  Year  has  been  challenging,  the  Group  has 
delivered  a  resilient  performance  by  continuing  to  focus  on  the 
basics  of  customer  service  combined  with  margin,  stock  and  cost 
control. The Group continues to focus on market outperformance. In 
addition,  the  Group  continues  to  drive  sales  of  used  vehicles  and 
aftersales,  thereby  mitigating  the  effects  of  a  decline  in  the  new 
vehicle market.  

The Group’s strategy of building a balanced brand portfolio with the 
right brand partners in the right geographic locations, helps allow for 
the cyclical nature of individual brands as well as regional variations 
in performance resulting from local economic issues. 

In  the  medium  to  longer-term,  continued  growth  with  our  brand 
partners will enable the Group to access additional benefits of scale 
across a number of areas of the business, supported by the use of 
the  Marshall  brand  across  the  entire  portfolio.  The  Group  has  a 
robust platform which is scalable for further future growth and is well 
placed to take advantage of a consolidating market. The has been 
most  recently  demonstrated  by  the  successful  integration  of  the 
twenty new business units acquired in 2019. The Board anticipates 
further  rationalisation  of  manufacturer  dealer  networks  over  the 
coming  years  and  given  the  Group’s  strong  balance  sheet  and 
manufacturer  relationships,  is  confident  of  continued  future 
acquisitive growth. 

Putting our 
customers above 
all else since 
1909

17

 
 
 
 
OPERATING REVIEW

Customer first

Customer satisfaction is an important element of the Group’s strategy, driving repeat business and 
loyalty to the Marshall brand.  

Our  in-house  developed  management  information  system,  Phoenix  2,  provides  daily  customer 
satisfaction  information  by  dealership,  which  allows  management  to  proactively  respond  to 
customer needs. The Group centrally monitors customer satisfaction for both sales and aftersales 
across all locations and brand partners on a weekly basis. This ensures we remain focused on 
delivering  on  our  brand  partners’  key  measures  whilst  ensuring  consistency  of  internal 
performance monitoring. 

The Group’s continued expansion and scale provides customers with a wider choice of location, 
stock and products, increasing both customer satisfaction and sales. 

The  Group’s  ability  to  adapt  effectively  to  changing  consumer  preferences  was  demonstrated 
during the Year as we responded to the various restrictions imposed as a result of COVID-19. By 
utilising  existing  customer  interaction  capabilities  (including  through  our  website,  our  award-
winning social media channels, online chat and use of video) we were able to respond effectively 
to the challenges presented by the closure of our physical showrooms.  

We also accelerated plans already in place to further improve our website enabling online vehicle 
reservations  and  aftersales  bookings.  Further  development  of  our  online  capabilities  are 
underway, including the functionality to enable customers to complete the entire vehicle purchase 
and  part  exchange  process  online.  Whilst  fully  online  sales  remain  low  across  the  sector  as  a 
whole,  we  recognise  it  is  a  growing  area  of  interest  for  certain  consumer  groups  and  we  are 
investing significantly in further improving our digital capabilities to enhance customer experience, 
improve our operational efficiencies and ensure consistent compliance. 

Compliance 
The Group operates in a regulated environment and takes its commitment to compliance seriously 
as  well  as  recognising  the  benefit  it  can  bring  our  customers.  The  Group  recognises  that 
compliance  is  an  ongoing  process  and  adopts  a  culture  of  continual  improvement  focused  on 
training and awareness, system and process development, compliance monitoring and internal 
audit.  Key  compliance  areas  for  the  Group  include  environmental,  health  and  safety,  data 
protection and financial services. The Group has established compliance committees attended by 
cross  functional  colleagues  from  both  compliance  and  internal  audit  and  from  operations  and 
members of the senior management team. 

Supported  by  the  Group’s  experienced  team  of  compliance  professionals,  the  Group  made 
detailed preparations for the introduction of the Financial Conduct Authority’s ‘Senior Managers 
and Certification Regime’ (SMCR). These include clear statements of responsibility for the Group’s 
Approved Persons, the identification and certification of the Group’s ‘Certification Employees’ and 
group-wide training on SMCR and related conduct rules. 

18

 
 
 
 
 
 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Customer service is at 
the core of the Group 
as it drives repeat car 
sales and the purchase 
of higher margin 
aftersales products.

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Retailing excellence

The Marshall brand is synonymous with good customer service and the Group continues to leverage the 
use  of  the  ‘Marshall’  brand  consistently  across  all  of  its  franchises. This  brand  consistency  is  unique 
amongst the large multi-brand motor retail groups in the UK.  

A single brand approach allows the Group to have a single online point of entry for users with an instantly 
recognisable brand name. The Group’s recently relaunched website, marshall.co.uk accommodates all 
of the Group’s brand partners and stock, allowing for much wider customer choice in one place. 

The Group has continued to leverage the Marshall brand during 2020 in a number nationwide marketing 
campaigns, including advertising at televised premier league and EFL football matches, England’s Six 
Nations rugby matches and England cricket matches. These campaigns have reached a combined live 
audience  of  over  100  million  and  enjoyed  over  330  million  page  impressions  online.  In  addition,  the 
Group has recently announced the sponsorship of a trio of leading professional darts players for the 2021 
season. The sponsorship includes shirt branding and the Group will be running competitions, personal 
appearances and online game challenges over the next 12 months. 

Another key differentiator for the Group in achieving retailing excellence, is a focus on technology and 
data to drive performance. Phoenix 2, the Group’s bespoke MI system, supports local decision-making 
combined with central oversight to ensure consistency of performance and a focus on what makes a 
difference. One of the key benefits of Phoenix 2 is the integration of third party external used car pricing 
and transaction data. This enables visibility of pricing comparison to the market, including regional and 
market desirability variations, all of which leads to greater customer transparency and optimal pricing. 
The Group continues to see Phoenix 2 as one of the key drivers behind its market outperformance. 

20

 
 
 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

The Group maintains its 
competitive edge by 
investing in the best 
people supported by 
cutting-edge technology 
in the sector.

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Industry digital marketing 
accolades since 2015

Social media winner 
at the Motor Trader 
awards

100m+

Marshall adverts at UEFA 
Nations League, Premiership, 
Championship and FA cup 
football, cricket, darts and 
rugby viewed live by over 
100m+ people 

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OPERATING REVIEW

People centric

The Group is proud of its people-centric culture and this has been reflected in the level of 
support provided to our colleagues during these challenging times. One of our main priorities 
during the COVID-19 pandemic has been the safety and wellbeing of our colleagues. During 
the  first  lockdown  period  the  Group  furloughed  around  90%  of  our  4,300  colleagues. 
Throughout  this  furlough  period,  the  Group  supplemented  the  support  provided  by  the 
CJRS, enhancing colleague pay during the closure period to 100% for March, 90% for April 
and  85%  for  May  and  not  imposing  the  CJRS  cap  of  £2,500  per  month.  Whilst  they 
continued  to  work  throughout,  the  Board  and  other  senior  members  of  the  management 
team voluntarily reduced their pay in line with the reductions for furloughed colleagues in 
April and May, and also forfeited holiday accrued. The Group has also provided additional 
financial support, including salary advances through our ‘Pay it Forward’ initiative. 

In addition to providing financial support to colleagues and recognising the importance of 
ongoing communication, regular management briefings have been issued to all colleagues 
via video message from members of the Executive Committee and other members of the 
senior management team. This enabled the Company to stay in touch with everyone and 
provide  updates  on  the  actions  the  Company  has  been  taking  during  the  closure  period. 
Furloughed colleagues were encouraged to complete modules of the Company's bespoke 
training programme via its online learning platform. As well as 'business as usual' training 
programmes  relating  to  financial  services  and  data  protection  compliance,  all  colleagues 
completed  a  mandatory  formal  training  and  assessment  programme  on  our  revised 
operating procedures and social distancing guidelines before returning to the workplace. 

Feedback from colleagues throughout the Year has been extremely positive, demonstrating 
why, for the eleventh consecutive year, the Group has been recognised by Great Place to 
Work UK as a ‘great place to work’ based on colleagues surveyed during 2020. At 79%, this 
continues to be significantly ahead of the 65% threshold score required to be considered a 
Great  Place  to  Work®.  We  also  enjoyed  an  exceptionally  high  participation  rate  of  84%, 
which  compares  to  70%  nationally,  and  demonstrates  the  high  degree  of  trust  and 
engagement in the organisation. This result is also particularly pleasing given the number of 
new businesses the Group has integrated over recent years. 

Based  on  the  results  of  the  2019  survey  and  an  extensive  audit  of  people  policies, 
procedures and programmes, the Group was ranked 12th in the super large category of the 
2020 Best UK Workplaces programme, which included employers such as Admiral, CISCO, 
MARS UK, Deloitte and EY. 2020 was the sixth year running that the Group was ranked 
amongst the best employers in the UK. 

22

 
 
 
 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

The Group is committed 
to recruiting, training, 
and retaining the best 
talent in the industry.

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6

Years in a row ranked in the 
Best UK Work Places

Award

‘Employer of the Year’  
at the Motor Trader 
awards

12

Consecutive years as a 
‘Great Place to Work’

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OPERATING REVIEW

The Group aims to grow 
both organically and 
through acquisitions, 
building scale with its 
existing brand partners 
and extending its 
geographic footprint.

167

Business 
acquisitions 
and disposals 
since 2008

Strategic growth

As set out at the time of the Group’s IPO and demonstrated 
since then, the Group’s strategy is to grow scale with existing 
brand partners in new geographical territories. As evidenced 
recently,  there  continues  to  be  considerable  consolidation  in 
the  UK  motor  retail  market  with  both  Ford  and  Vauxhall 
rationalising their network and Mitsubishi announcing its exit 
from  the  European  market.  The  Group,  with  its  scalable 
platform,  is  very  well  positioned  to  take  advantage  of  the 
opportunities  arising  given  its  strong  balance  sheet  and 
excellent  manufacturer  relationships.  The  Group  continually 
seeks  to  maximise  return  on  capital  employed  and  closely 
monitors and reviews its portfolio to ensure optimal returns.

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

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OPERATING REVIEW

Acquisitions and Disposals 
During  2019,  20  new  business  units  were  added  to  our 
portfolio  through  eight  acquisitions  or  start-ups.  These 
additions significantly expanded our representation with a 
number  of  our  key  brand  partners  including  ŠKODA, 
Honda, Volkswagen and Volvo and were in line with our 
strategy to grow with key brand partners. Although trading 
in  these  businesses  during  the  year  was  impacted  by 
COVID-19  related  lockdowns,  we  have  been  very 
encouraged  with  the  progress  made  and  anticipate  that 
these businesses will make positive contributions to the 
Group’s future profitability. 

On 10 July 2020, the Group completed the acquisition of 
Aylesbury Volkswagen. The Aylesbury business formed part 
of the strategic acquisition announced in December 2019 
with  its  completion  being  deferred  pending  resolution  of 
certain property issues. All deferred consideration has now 
been paid to the seller, Jardine Motor Group UK Limited. 

The Group announced in October 2020 that it had secured 
the opportunity to represent Ford Commercial Vehicles in 
King’s  Lynn,  which  will  operate  from  our  existing  Ford 
freehold site. We also agreed to represent SEAT at an open 
point in Oxford, which will operate from a leasehold site 
adjacent to the Group’s existing Jaguar Land Rover and 
Volkswagen  businesses.  These  new  businesses 
commenced trading in early 2021 following completion of 
associated corporate identity upgrades.  

The Group has continued to focus on driving operational 
efficiencies  and  responding  to  a  number  of  its  brand 
partners’ network rationalisation strategies and the ongoing 
impact of COVID-19. As a result of a review of its portfolio, 
and with the full support and approval of its brand partners, 
during the Year the Group announced the closure of four 
sub-scale  franchised  dealerships:  Cambridge  Hyundai, 
Bury  St  Edmunds  Ford,  Knebworth  Vauxhall  and  Poole 
Mercedes-Benz Commercial Vehicles. In the year ended 
31 December 2019, these dealerships made a combined 
revenue contribution of £47.3m and a loss of £0.1m.  

The  Group  now  consists  of  113  franchises  representing 
22  brand  partners  trading  in  28  counties  nationwide.  In 
addition, the Group operates six trade parts specialists, two 
used car centres, six standalone body shops and a pre-
delivery  inspection  (PDI)  centre.  The  Group  operates  a 
balanced  portfolio  of  volume,  premium  and  alternate 
premium  brands  including  all  of  the  top  five  premium 
brands. 

The Group’s scale and diversified spread of representation 
helps mitigate the effect of the cyclical nature of individual 
brand  performance.  The  Group’s  strategy  is  to  develop 
strong relationships with its brand partners, targeting a 5% 
share or more of UK sales for each brand partner. We now 
exceed that threshold with nine of our key brand partners 
and our strategy is to increase that scale further.

Audi Newbury - Corporate Identity redevelopment

BMW & MINI Grimsby - Refurbishment project to commence

Ford Commercial Vehicles King’s Lynn

Audi Wimbledon - Audi City Concept

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

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TPS Deptford - Relocated

Volvo Derby - Refurbishment

Volvo Derby - Refurbishment

• King’s Lynn Ford CV – preparation for opening of new 

franchise opportunity on current freehold site; 

• South London TPS – Relocation from Old Kent Road to 
new premises in Deptford in-line with Volkswagen TPS hub 
and spoke strategy; and 

• Newbury ŠKODA – Relocation of aftersales business to 

new premises. 

In  addition  to  large  scale  redevelopments,  the  Group 
continues  to  invest  in  upgrading  existing  businesses  to 
enhance 
the  customer  experience,  satisfy  brand 
requirements, electrification and increase sales and aftersales 
capacities. 

Since IPO in 2015, the Group has invested over £110m in its 
property  estate,  including  corporate  identity  upgrades, 
freehold  and  long-leasehold  acquisitions  and  ongoing 
maintenance capital expenditure.

Investment in New Retail Locations and 
Major Developments 
As part of our cash preservation actions, the Group’s capital 
expenditure programme was reviewed and, in collaboration 
with  our  brand  partners  where  necessary,  a  number  of 
planned projects have been deferred.  

As a result, capital expenditure in the Period was £11.7m, 
a reduction of £7.7m versus 2019.  

The Group will continue to review investment requirements 
closely and will reinstate the investment programme at the 
appropriate time. 

Projects undertaken or commenced in the Year include: 

• Newbury Audi – showroom corporate identity and building 

refurbishment; 

• Wimbledon Audi – completion of Audi’s “city concept”, the 

first of its type in the UK; 

• Derby Volvo – site refurbishment to Volvo VRE standards 

following purchase in 2019; 

• Welwyn Volvo – purchase of freehold; 

• Oxford Seat  – preparation for opening of new franchise 

opportunity; 

27

 
OPERATING REVIEW

Honda Civic

BMW M 1000 RR

smart EQ forfour

Nissan Micra

Market and business update

New vehicles

                                                             Growth 
                       2020       2019         Total         LFL 
                    27,913    29,249       (4.6%)  (16.9%) 
                    15,021    18,054     (16.8%)  (23.2%) 

Retail units 
Fleet units 

Total units

                    42,934    47,303       (9.2%)  (19.4%) 

As reported by the SMMT, sales of new vehicles during 
2020 were significantly impacted by COVID-19. During 
the Year, new car registrations to retail and fleet customers 
declined  by  26.6%  and  31.7%  respectively,  with  total 
registrations  of  new  vehicles  in  the  UK  (including  the 
impact  of  dealer  self-registration  activity)  declining  by 
29.4%. These declines were predominantly experienced 
during  April  and  May  2020  when  total  UK  new 
registrations were down 97.3% and 89.0% respectively. 
The  key  registration  month  of  March  2020  was  also 
heavily  impacted  by  the  timing  of  the  first  national 
lockdown with the market registering c200k fewer units 
year on year. Some pent-up demand was evident as we 
exited the first lockdown but further restrictions including 
a second national lockdown in November 2020 and tiered 
restrictions in December 2020 meant that new vehicle 
registrations in most months of the Year were below the 
comparative months in 2019.  

Against this challenging market backdrop, the Group sold 
a total of 42,934 new vehicles during the Year, a decrease 
of 9.2% versus 2019. The Group’s like-for-like new unit 
sales decreased by 19.4%, a significant outperformance 
compared to the wider market. 

The Group’s total sales of new vehicles to retail customers 
decreased  by  4.6%  in  the Year,  with  like-for-like  sales 
down by 16.9% an outperformance of 9.7% versus the 
market. 

The Group’s total sales of new vehicles to fleet customers 
decreased by 16.8% in the Year, with like-for-like sales 
down by 23.2% an outperformance of 8.5% versus the 
market. 

The  Group  is  increasing  its  focus  on  the  growing 
commercial vehicle segment and appointed a Head of 
Commercial Vehicle Sales during the Year. We now have 
18 sites which sell commercial vehicles. 

Overall, new vehicle margins declined by 84bps in the 
Year versus 2019. This margin reduction was driven by 
the lower volumes which in turn impacted the Group’s 
ability to achieve manufacturer overperformance bonus 
targets,  in  particular  in  the  peak  trading  month  of 
March 2020. The Group experienced improving margins 
in the second half of the Year towards more normalised 
levels.

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Mercedes-Benz eSprinter

Ford E-Transit 

Kia Picanto

SEAT Ateca

Used vehicles

                                                                   Growth 
                             2020        2019        Total        LFL 
                          44,505     46,974      (5.3%) (14.6%) 

Total units

The sale of used vehicles is a much larger market than 
new  vehicles  and  there  are  a  larger  number  of  market 
participants,  including  franchised  dealers,  independent 
traders and private sellers. The SMMT reported at total 
market of 6,752,959 units in 2020, representing a decline 
of 14.9% versus 2019. 

Aftersales

                                                                Growth 
                             2020        2019     Total        LFL 
                            240.6       258.1   (6.7%) (13.5%) 

Revenue (£m)

Aftersales is a key strategic focus for the Group, providing 
future  revenue  and  profit  assurance  during  periods  of  a 
the 
more  challenging  economic  environment  and 
associated impact on vehicle sales. In addition to our retail 
centre-based  aftersales  facilities,  the  Group  operates  six 
standalone  bodyshops,  six  trade  parts  centres  and  one 
PDI centre. 65 of our aftersales businesses remained open 
during  the  first  national  lockdown  to  support  critical 
services and key workers. These businesses operated at 
a small loss during that period. 

Aftersales contributed 45.8% of total gross profit during the 
Year  and, 
financial 
contribution  to  the  Group  which  was  important  in  the 
context of the sharp decline in vehicle sales in the Year. 

therefore,  made  a  significant 

29

Peugeot e-208

The  Group  is  pleased  that,  against  this  challenging 
backdrop, its used sales decline was contained at 5.3% 
on a total basis and 14.6% on a like-for-like basis. This 
was  a  pleasing  result  given  the  franchised  sector  was 
more adversely affected by showroom closures. 

Residual values remained strong throughout the Year due 
to  increased  demand.  Following  a  strong  second  half, 
margin  performance 
flat 
versus 2019.

full  year  margins  were 

Our aftersales performance was impacted by the lockdown 
periods  due  to  the  closure  of  a  number  of  our  sites,  the 
deferral  of  MOT  and  servicing  work  in  some  cases  and 
also fewer miles being travelled by customers  during the 
lockdown periods.  

We  were,  however,  encouraged  by  the  rate  at  which 
aftersales activity levels picked up post-lockdown. 

The reduction in aftersales revenue was partially offset by 
productivity  and  efficiency  improvements  and  a  greater 
focus  on  higher  margin  maintenance  work  with  overall 
aftersales margins improving by 74bps versus 2019. 

Service  plans  continue  to  play  an  important  part  of  our 
aftersales retention strategy and also have the benefit of 
allowing customers to plan and budget for service costs. 
These plans are often included in the monthly payment of 
a  vehicle  and  are,  therefore,  very  convenient  for 
customers. 

 
 
 
 
 
                                       
 
 
                                       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OPERATING REVIEW

Industry strategic landscape

As  previously  reported,  the  automotive  sector  is 
undergoing  an  exciting  period  of  evolution,  driven  by  a 
combination  of  technology,  environmental  and  social 
change  factors.  The  Group’s  strategy  anticipates  the 
impact that these macro factors will have for automotive 
retailers in the future.  

The  COVID-19  pandemic  has  materially  disrupted 
businesses  globally,  including  those  in  the  automotive 
sector.  Automotive  retailers  have  responded  to  these 
challenges by adapting their business models, changing 
the way they interact with customers (which, by necessity, 
has  moved  increasingly  online)  and  introducing  more 
efficient ways of operating. The COVID-19 pandemic has 
therefore accelerated many of the industry changes which 
the  Group’s  strategy  had  anticipated  occurring  over  a 
number of years.  

Macro change factors 
Climate change and BEVs 
Climate  change  and  the  response  of  international 
governments  to  these  issues,  in  combination  with 
technological  developments  by  vehicle  manufacturers, 
will  have  a  significant  impact  on  the  automotive  sector 
over the coming years. 

The  global  response  to  the  issue  of  climate  change, 
including the Paris Agreement target for carbon neutrality 
by  2050,  has  instigated  a  shift  from  traditional  internal 
combustion  engines  (‘ICE’)  to  battery  electric  vehicles 
(‘BEVs’).  That  process  is  now  well  underway,  driven  by 
regulatory interventions such as the Clean Air for Europe 
programme  (‘CAFE’).  2020  saw  the  introduction  of 
punitive 
vehicle 
manufacturers which did not achieve significantly reduced 
fleet average Co2 emissions. 

financial  penalties 

those 

for 

Vehicle manufacturers have responded to these changes 
with the launch, active promotion and attractive consumer 
offers on a wide range of new BEV and hybrid vehicles in 
2020.  In  particular,  the  Jaguar  iPace,  Mercedes’  EQ 
range,  BMW’s  ‘i’  range  and  the  much-anticipated 
Volkswagen  ID.3  were  extremely  popular  choices  in 
2020.  2021  will  see  the  launch  of  a  host  of  further  new 
electric  and  hybrid  vehicles,  including  the  Volkswagen 
ID.4, the Audi e-tron GT and Q4 e-tron, the BMW iX3 and 
the ŠKODA Enyaq.  

BEV registrations accounted for 6.6% of registrations in 
the UK in 2020, up from 1.6% in 2019 and this proportion 
of sales will continue to grow, driven by a combination of 
both  consumer  demand  and  manufacturer  ‘push’  given 
the  severe  financial  implications  of  not  meeting  CAFE 
targets.  In  addition,  national  governments,  including  the 
UK, are setting their own targets for the cessation of sales 
of  new  ICE  vehicles  (including  hybrids)  over  the  next 
15-20 years. 

All  major  vehicle  manufacturers  have,  and  continue  to 
invest heavily in the development, and launch of hybrids 
and  BEVs.  The  substantial  investment  requirements  of 
these  developments  has  already  led  to  significant 
collaboration  and  consolidation  between  vehicle 
manufacturers, including the acquisition of Vauxhall Opel 
by Groupe PSA, the merger of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles 
and Groupe PSA and the alliance between Volkswagen 
Group and Ford in relation to the development of future 
commercial vehicles. 

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

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Connected Cars 
Other  technological  developments  will  also  have  an 
increasing  influence  on  the  automotive  sector  in  the 
future.  Connected  car  capabilities  have  existed  for  a 
number  of  years  and  have  facilitated  a  variety  of  new 
sharing  and  subscription  models  of  vehicle  use.  In 
addition,  autonomous  technologies,  whilst  still  many 
years away in terms of the potential for fully autonomous 
vehicles, have introduced a range of comfort and safety 
features to modern motor vehicles.  

Digital Consumers 
The  COVID-19  pandemic  has  accelerated  progress 
towards a more integrated digital and physical approach 
to  retailing  in  the  automotive  sector.  Many  of  these 
developments were already well underway at the start of 
the  pandemic  but  during  lockdown  periods,  automotive 
retailers were reliant on their ability to interact effectively 
with their customers, utilising and developing their online 
presence, using video to showcase products and moving 
the buying process, including vehicle financing, online.  

Consumers  are  increasingly  comfortable  undertaking 
elements  of  the  vehicle  purchasing  process  remotely, 
particularly in terms of research, advice, price comparison 
and  negotiation  and  the  completion  of  associated 
paperwork. Nevertheless, experience from the COVID-19 
pandemic  has  also  demonstrated  a  strong  preference 
amongst  many  consumers  for  making  final  purchasing 
decisions after the opportunity to physically view and test 
drive vehicles, particularly used vehicles.  

in 

This consumer preference for an omni-channel approach 
to  retailing 
the  automotive  sector  has  been 
demonstrated  by  recent  moves  of  supposedly  ‘online-
only’  used  vehicle  retailers  investing  significantly  in 
physical  retail  and  aftersales  support  infrastructure  to 

31

augment  their  online  sales  channels.  A  recent  YouGov 
survey  commissioned  by  The  Motor  Ombudsman 
showed that nearly two thirds of UK drivers would prefer 
to visit a retailer in person to buy a new or used car, rather 
than completing the entire vehicle ordering and purchase 
process on online.  

As such, the distinction between these new entrants and 
traditional  retailers  has  become  far  less  marked: 
traditional  retailers  have  embraced  the  efficiencies  and 
consumer preferences for a digital sales experience and 
new  entrants  have  recognised  the  requirement  and 
consumer demand for a physical presence. 

Regulatory Change 
As previously reported, in the past two years the FCA has 
introduced  a  number  of  changes  which  have  impacted 
motor  retailers.  First,  changes  introduced  following  the 
FCA’s  thematic  review  of  general  insurance  distribution 
impacted  commission  arrangements 
chains  have 
insurance 
between 
intermediaries such as the Group in relation to the sale of 
vehicle-related  insurance  products  (including  GAP). 
Secondly, changes have been recently introduced which 
affect,  inter  alia,  commission  arrangements  between 
credit  brokers  such  as  the  Group  and  the  providers  of 
motor vehicle finance.  

insurance 

providers 

and 

The  combined  impact  of  these  changes  has  been  to 
reduce  the  proportion  of  profitability  for  new  and  used 
vehicle sales which are attributable to the sale of finance 
and  insurance  products.  In  each  of  these  reviews,  the 
FCA  has  acknowledged  that  retailers  are  not  making 
excessive  profits  overall  but  expected  the  balance 
between the profitability of the vehicle sale itself and the 
sale  of  ancillary  financial  and  insurance  products,  to  be 
realigned. 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
OPERATING REVIEW

Peugeot 5008

ŠKODA Octavia

Mini electric

Vauxhall Mokka

Impact and opportunities for automotive retailers 
The  macro  change  factors  outlined  above  present  a 
number  of  potential  challenges  and  opportunities  for 
motor retailers in the future:  

• The increasing proportion of BEVs in the vehicle parc is 
likely to impact traditional aftersales activities, including 
the sale of parts and oil products. However, these new 
technologies, and the associated expertise and facilities 
required to service them, can also offer opportunities for 
certain  franchised  dealers.  Close  partnerships  with 
vehicle  manufacturers  and  the  ability  to  invest  in 
infrastructure, training and expertise required to service 
BEVs, differentiates their franchised dealers from much 
of the independent aftersales sector.  

• Connected  car 

technology  will  provide 

further 
opportunities for manufacturers, through their franchised 
dealer  networks,  to  improve  retention  rates  for  older 
vehicles within their aftersales networks.  

• Ancillary revenue streams including digital services, the 
sale  of  charging  points  and  tyres  (given  increased 
replacement  cycles  for  BEVs)  are  also  areas  of 
opportunity for retailers able and willing to invest. 

• The  impact  of  regulatory  changes  following  the  FCA’s 
review  of  motor  finance  is  yet  to  been  seen  but,  as 
stated above, the FCA expects the balance between the 
profitability of vehicle sales itself and the sale of ancillary 
financial  and  insurance  products,  to  be  realigned  and 
the  sector  as  whole  will  be  working  through  these 
changes in 2021. 

• A  number  of  vehicle  manufacturers  have  announced 
plans to move towards an agency model for new vehicle 
sales,  either  across  their  entire  ranges  or  for  certain 
models.  Whilst  this  would  impact  dealers’  reported 
revenues,  there  are  potentially  significant  benefits  for 
dealers  of  an  agency  model  for  new  vehicle  sales, 
including a material reduction in vehicle stocking costs.  

• The 

franchised  sector’s  close  partnerships  and 
symbiotic relationships with vehicle manufacturers, the 

ability  to  sell  new  vehicles  supported  by  manufacturer 
sales  and  financing  incentives  and  the  opportunity  to 
fulfil  vehicle  manufacturers’  sales  and  aftersales 
the  opportunities 
retention  strategies 
presented by connected car capabilities) are important 
differentiators from the independent sector. 

(including 

• Further consolidation of vehicle manufacturers and the 
anticipated  reduction  of  retail  networks  by  up  to  c25% 
over the coming years should assist in higher throughput 
and profitability per retail location. 

Marshall Strategy 
The  Board  believes  that  the  Group’s  long-standing 
strategy  of  partnering  with  the  right  brands  in  the  right 
locations  has  positioned  it  well  to  benefit  from  the 
changes ahead.  

The  Group’s  key  manufacturer  partners  are  strong  and 
are taking leading positions in the development of future 
mobility technologies. With its strong investment in both 
technology and colleague training the Group will benefit 
from the continued success of their brands. 

The  Board  also  believes  that  the  Group’s  portfolio  of 
dealerships  are  in  the  right  locations  and  markets  to 
benefit 
rationalisation  and 
consolidation of dealer networks in the UK. 

the  expected 

from 

The Group is supportive of the changes introduced by the 
FCA,  both  in  terms  of  the  extension  of  SMCR  to  solo-
regulated firms such as the Group and the changes made 
in  connection  with  the  sale  of  finance  and  insurance 
products.  The  Group  believes  these  changes  will  be 
embraced by well-established retailers such as the Group 
which  have  the  scale  to  invest  in  effective,  professional 
internal compliance expertise and recognises the benefits 
and confidence it will bring to our customers.  

Finally,  and  importantly,  the  Group’s  growing  scale  and 
depth of relationships with its manufacturer partners will 
help to ensure it remains a relevant and important part of 
their future retail and aftersales strategies.

32

BMW R 1250

Peugeot e-208

 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

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Vauxhall Vivaro-e Life

Cupra E-Racer

Ford S-MAX

Volkswagen I.D. BUZZ

Summary and Outlook  
The unprecedented political, economic and social impact of 
the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 challenged governments, 
businesses  and  individuals  across  the  world.  Whilst  this 
resulted in a record fourth consecutive year of decline in the 
new vehicle market in the UK, the automotive retail sector 
also benefited from a number of unforeseen tailwinds and 
demonstrated great resilience in comparison to many other 
sectors, including some other areas of retail.  

to 

the  Group’s  strong 

The Board recognises the impact of these sector tailwinds, 
one-off  market  distortions  and  significant  Government 
financial 
support  measures 
performance  in  2020.  It  also  recognises  the  contribution 
made by the Group’s response to the challenges of 2020: 
its  strengthening  market  outperformance;  its  operational 
and financial discipline; and its flexibility to adapt to a new 
trading environment, including the highly effective adoption 
of ‘click and collect’ retailing for new and used cars.  

The SMMT’s latest forecast for the new car market in 2021 
is an increase of 15.7% on 2020 to 1.887m registrations but  
it is important to note  this remains down 18.3% on 2019. 
The  national  lockdown  from  the  beginning  of  2021  has 
impacted the market in the build up to the important March 
plate-change month.  

As a result, the Board anticipates the first half of 2021 to 
once  again  be  dominated  by  the  immediate  impact  of 
COVID-19  and  is  also  mindful  of  the  likely  longer-term 
economic  impact  of  the  pandemic.  The  Board  also notes 
the potential impact of the changes introduced by the FCA 
in relation to motor finance commissions and the possibility 
of  some  continued  new  vehicle  supply  constraints.  The 
Board  welcomes  the  positive  resolution  of  negotiations 
regarding  the  UK’s  future  trading  relationship  with  the 
European  Union  which  had  created  uncertainty  for  the 
sector over the past five years. 

In relation to current trading, whilst both vehicle sales and 
aftersales  have  inevitably  been  impacted  by  the  current 

national  lockdown,  the  Board  has  been  encouraged  by 
demand for remote and ‘click and collect’ vehicle sales and 
the  Group  continued  to  outperform  the  wider  new  car 
in  both  January  and  February  2021. 
market 
Understandably,  the  current  national  lockdown  has 
impacted  our  order  bank  for  the  important  plate-change 
month of March 2021.  Based on experience from 2020, the 
Board  anticipates  an  element  of  pent-up  demand  release 
once physical car showrooms are able to reopen (currently 
expected  to  be  12  April  2021)  with  the  outlook  for  the 
remainder of the year correlating to the nationwide easing 
of COVID-19 restrictions. 

The  Group’s  balance  sheet  remains  strong  and  we 
continue to be well positioned to take advantage of further 
growth  and  consolidation  opportunities  as  they  arise.  Our 
resilient  business  model,  ability  to  adapt  to  changing 
consumer  behaviours,  such  as  those  enforced  by 
showroom closures, together with our exceptionally strong 
relationships with our brand partners, gives us confidence 
in the Group’s future prospects and success.  

On behalf of the Board, I would like to thank our brand and 
business partners for their exceptional support throughout 
2020. I would also like to give special thanks to our team of 
outstanding colleagues across the Group who, throughout 
this  extremely  challenging  period,  once  again 
demonstrated their dedication and commitment both to our 
business and our customers. 

Daksh Gupta 
Chief Executive Officer 
8 March 2021

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Volkswagen T-Cross

 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL REVIEW

Financial Review

“In the face of a difficult and turbulent year 
due to the impact of COVID-19, we have 
delivered a creditable result and further 
strengthened our asset base.”

Richard Blumberger 
Chief Financial 
Officer 

Overview 
I am pleased to present the Group’s 2020 annual results. 

Due to the impact of COVID, 2020 has been a difficult and 
turbulent year, but a year where once again our colleagues 
have risen to the challenges, helping deliver a very creditable 
financial performance. Key for us during the Year was to 
ensure we contributed towards containing the pandemic but 
also to keep the country moving. This has seen us invest 
significantly in making our businesses COVID-19 secure for 
our  colleagues  and  our  customers,  but  also  to  keep  our 
essential aftersales businesses open to support the massive 
effort of the nation in response to COVID-19.  

Despite the tumultuous environment, I am pleased to confirm 
that we successfully renegotiated our revolving credit facility 
(“RCF”) in July 2020, securing our facility for a further 2.5 
years  through  to  January  2023.  This  is  testament  to  the 
strength of the Group and gives us significant firepower to 
continue capitalising on opportunities as they arise. 

During  the  Year,  given  the  uncertainties,  we  focused  on 
conserving capital and therefore our investment in acquisitive 
growth and capital expenditure in 2020 was lower than in 
previous years. Nevertheless, where we could and deemed 
it appropriate, we continued to invest in our business, with 
the acquisition of Aylesbury Volkswagen in July 2020 which 
completed the Volkswagen acquisitions from 2019. 

Despite the difficult trading environment, the contribution from 
the acquisitions made in 2019 was very encouraging. These 
investments will deliver long term shareholder value. 

We  have  also  invested  in  two  business  start-ups  for  key 
brand partners at open points. We now represent SEAT in 
Oxford which will operate from a leasehold site adjacent to 
the Group’s existing Jaguar Land Rover and Volkswagen 
businesses and Ford Commercial Vehicles in King’s Lynn, 
which will operate from our existing King’s Lynn Ford freehold 
site. We also finalised our capital expenditure programmes 
at  our  Audi  businesses  in  Newbury  and  Wimbledon, 
commenced  our  investment  at  Derby  Volvo,  which  we 
acquired in 2019, and took the opportunity to acquire the 
freehold of our Volvo Welwyn site. 

We continuously review our portfolio, and due to a lack of 
overall scale with the brand, we decided to exit our Hyundai 
business  in  Cambridge  in  September,  as  well  as  closing 
some sub scale, loss-making dealerships during the Year. It 
is imperative for us in ensuring we best utilise our capital, 
that we continue to review our portfolio on an ongoing basis. 

Reported revenue for the Year was down 5.3% versus 2019, 
with like-for-like revenue down 13.5% as a consequence of 
COVID-19. Overall like-for-like unit sales were down 17.1% 
which was a very strong market outperformance. New retail 
unit sales were down 16.9% on a like-for-like basis, which 
was up 9.7% versus the market and used unit sales were 
down 14.6%, marginally ahead of the market.  

We experienced a strong bounce-back after the first national 
lockdown  fuelled  by  pent-up  demand,  in-part  driven  by 
previously extended vehicle finance agreements coming to 
an end and first-time buyers who have lost confidence in 
public transport. New car margins were impacted in the first 
six months of 2020 due to site closures in the critical March 
plate  change  month  affecting  our  ability  to  overachieve 
targets which in turn affected manufacturer bonuses. Overall 
margins experienced a recovery in the second half, in part 
due to overachieving of targets but also as a result of factory 
closures  in  the  early  part  of  2020  which  led  to  supply 
shortages, positively impacting demand for used cars. 

Overall, the Group delivered an underlying profit before tax 
of £20.9m which was only marginally down on 2019, but was 
significantly  supported  by  COVID-19  support  measures 
provided  both  from  Central  and  Local  Governments  of 
£27.6m. Without this support, the Group may have had to 
consider taking more significant structural mitigating actions. 
The  Group  remains  grateful 
the  Government’s 
intervention with the furlough scheme and the many jobs this 
has protected, as well as the support from our brand and 
other  business  partners.  Reported  PBT  of  £20.4m  was 
£0.8m up on 2019. 

for 

Cash was also impacted by the unique and unprecedented 
trading  environment  we  faced  in  2020. A  working  capital 
inflow of £43.2m, combined with reduced capital expenditure, 
disposal  of  non-operating  properties,  proactive  cash 
management and no dividends declared, resulted in a strong 
Adjusted Net Cash position of £28.8m at 31 December 2020. 
During  the  Year,  the  Group  utilised  the  VAT  deferment 
scheme available for Q1 2020 but given our strong trading 
following the first national lockdown, we voluntarily paid these 
deferred  amounts  back  early  in  September  2020,  up  to 
18 months before we were required to. 

Despite the further national lockdown at the start of 2021, the 
Group  remains  in  an  excellent  position  to  capitalise  on 
growth opportunities.

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

COVID-19 Impact on Results 
There have been a significant number of external and 
internal  COVID  related  factors  impacting  our  financial 
performance in the Year, both from a profit and loss and 
cash perspective as summarised below. 

•  The national lockdowns and tier system, which required 
our showrooms to close for prolonged periods, reduced 
our revenue significantly.  Like-for-like units were down 
by 17.1% in the Year having previously delivered like-
for-like growth every year since being listed; 

•  the Group claimed £20.4m under the Government Job 
Retention Scheme against salary costs of furloughed 
leaving  a  net  £2.0m 
employees  of  £22.4m, 
enhancement funded by the Company; 

•  the Group benefited from the Government’s business 
rates holiday scheme with net savings of £7.2m during 
the Period; 

•  £1.2m  of  expenditure  relating  to  personal  protective 
equipment ensuring that are businesses were COVID 
secure; 

•  working  capital  benefits  of  revised  vehicle  stocking 
payment periods implemented by our brand partners 
and other funding providers to support dealer networks; 

•  replanning of capital expenditure programme; 

•  cancellation  of  the  2019  final  dividend  and  non-

declaration of the 2020 interim dividend.

As a result of the COVID pandemic, reported revenue 
(including  2019  acquisitions)  decreased  by  5.3%  to 
£2,154.4m.  This  was  a  pleasing  performance  given  a 
29.4% decline in the new vehicle market. 

The Group’s operating profit, on an underlying basis, was 
£31.1m compared to £32.0m in 2019. Underlying PBT in 
the Year was £20.9m compared to £22.1m in 2019. This 
decline was driven by a combination of reduced trading 
as a result of sustained periods of lockdown and margin 
pressures.  These  declines  were  partially  offset  by 
Government and business partner support, together with 
other decisive cost control actions. 

Our reported PBT of £20.4m (2019: £19.6m) included 
one-off non-underlying items of £0.6m (2019: £2.4m) as 
set out in Note 7 to the financial statements.

Analysis of Reported Revenue and Gross Profit 
The segmental mix, on a reported basis, is shown in the 
table below, with like-for-like analysis covered later in 
this report. 

Twelve months ended 31 December 2020

                                        Revenue             Gross Profit 
                                      £m          mix*          £m         mix 
New Vehicles           988.1       44.9%         65.1    27.9% 
Used Vehicles          971.1       44.1%         63.7    24.8% 
Aftersales                 240.6        11.0%       108.6    47.3% 
Internal/Other          (45.4)                 -           0.8              - 

Total                       2,154.4     100.0%       238.2  100.0% 

Reported Financial Performance 

Twelve months ended 31 December 2019

                                              2020       2019     Var % 
Revenue                            2,154.4   2,276.1    (5.3%) 
Gross profit                           238.2      260.8    (8.7%)  
Operating expenses*          (207.1)   (228.8)      9.5% 

Operating profit*                   31.1        32.0    (2.8%) 

Net finance costs                  (10.2)       (9.9)    (2.3%) 

                                        Revenue             Gross Profit 
                                      £m          mix*          £m         mix 
New Vehicles        1,079.5       46.4%         80.1    30.8% 
Used Vehicles          986.7       42.5%         65.5    25.2% 
Aftersales                 258.1        11.1%       114.6    44.0% 
Internal/Other          (48.2)                 -           0.6              - 

PBT underlying*                    20.9        22.1    (5.2%) 

Total                       2,276.1     100.0%       260.8  100.0% 

Non-underlying items             (0.6)       (2.4)    75.8% 

* mix calculation excludes Internal/Other Sales 

PBT reported                         20.4        19.6      3.6% 

Tax                                          (6.4)       (4.1)  (58.3%) 

PAT reported                         13.9        15.6  (10.6%) 

* Excludes Non-Underlying Items.

35

Audi e-tron GT

 
 
 
 
                                                         
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL REVIEW

Finance Costs 
Net finance costs increased by £0.3m in the Year to £10.2m 
(2019:  £9.9m).  Increases  in  bank  financing  costs  have 
been partially offset by savings in stock financing charges 
due to reduced inventory levels. 

Shareholder Returns 
Profit before tax and non-underlying items was £20.9m 
(2019: £22.1m), £20.4m after non underlying items (2019: 
£19.6m). The total reported effective tax rate was 31.6% 
(21.1% on an underlying basis), further details are included 
in tax section below.  Profit from continuing operations after 
tax was £13.9m (2019: £15.6m), resulting in reported basic 
continuing  earnings  per  share  of  17.8p,  a  decrease  of 
10.6% on the prior year.  Basic underlying earnings per 
share was 21.1p (2019: 22.9p). 

The Group’s strategy of organic growth incorporating cost 
control and sound working capital management, combined 
with strategic acquisitions, provides a platform for further 
improving shareholder returns. 

Non-Underlying Items 
The Income Statement includes a separate presentation of 
non-underlying items to provide a consistent understanding 
of the performance of the Group year on year. 

Non-underlying items in the Year comprise the following: 

£m                                                                2020   2019 
Acquisition costs                                                       -       0.8 
Restructuring costs                                               2.1       2.1 
Gain on revaluation of investment properties          -    (0.6) 
(Profit)/loss on disposal of investment  
property/assets held for resale                           (1.7)       0.1 
Goodwill impairment                                             0.2           - 

Total                                                                       0.6       2.4 

During the Year, following a review of current profitability 
and prospects, we decided to close four of the Group’s 
sites.  The  costs  associated  with  these  closures  are 
included in restructuring costs in non-underlying items 
and represent redundancy costs, asset impairment, and 
unavoidable  costs  associated  with  contracts  which 
related  to  these  sites.  In  addition  to  these  costs,  the 
goodwill held in respect of our Vauxhall businesses has 
been impaired in full. 

Consistent with our property strategy, the Group sold two 
freehold properties (including one investment property) 
during the Year, realising a gain on disposal net of costs 
of  £1.7m  which  has  been  included  in  non-underlying 
items. 

Classification of COVID-19 Related Costs 
At  the  time  of  reporting  our  interim  results,  it  was 
anticipated  that  the  impact  of  COVID-19  and  the 
associated  costs  of  providing  a  COVID  secure 
environment for our colleagues and customers would be 
relatively short-term. Since then the country experienced 
a tiering system and further lockdowns both of which 
have  materially  impacted  our  business.  It  is  now 
considered  likely  that  COVID-19  and  the  impact  on 
businesses and ways of working are not one off in nature 
but more medium term. As a consequence of this we 
have 
into  our 
underlying trading result.

reclassified  COVID-related  costs 

BMW M3 Competition

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Like-for-Like Performance

Like-for-like Revenue

Basis of Comparatives 
Due to the unprecedented impact of COVID-19 on the 
Group’s  results  described  above,  comparatives  are 
significantly  distorted.  To  enable  some  degree  of 
meaningful comparison of the Group’s year-on-year 
performance, units and revenue are shown on a like-
for-like basis, excluding the impact of acquisitions and 
closures during 2019 and 2020. However, given the 
distortions in the gross and operating profit measures 
for the 2020 annual report there will be no Alternative 
Performance Measures other than units and revenue 
as it would not give the users of the accounts any more 
insight  or  interpretation.  The  full  definition  of  an 
Alternative  Performance  Measure  can  be  found  in 
Note 2 to the financial statements.

Like-for-Like Unit Analysis 
                                   2020        2019    Growth 
New Retail Units                  22,428     27,003    (16.9%) 

New Fleet Units                   13,545     17,642    (23.2%) 

Total New Units                 35,973     44,645    (19.4%) 

Used Units                           36,709     43,003    (14.6%) 

The market for new car registrations to retail and fleet 
customers declined by 26.6% and 31.7% respectively, 
with  total  registrations  of  new  vehicles  in  the  UK 
(including the impact of dealer self-registration activity) 
declining by 29.4% in the Year. The Group’s like-for-like 
new unit sales volumes outperformed the overall market, 
by 9.7% in new retail units and 8.5% in fleet unit sales. 

Like-for-like used unit sales declined by 14.6% versus an 
overall market decline of 14.9%. It should be noted that 
the  overall  market  includes  all  used  vehicle  sales 
including private sales which continued during the first 
national  lockdown  period  at  a  time  when  commercial 
operators were required to close. 

                                       2020                            2019 
                                £m           Mix*             £m        Mix*   Var % 
New Vehicles     869.0        45.4%      1,035.7     47.0%   (16.1%) 
Used Vehicles   834.9        43.7%         928.8     42.1%   (10.1%) 
Aftersales           208.3        10.9%         240.9     10.9%   (13.5%) 
Internal/Other    (45.8)                 -         (48.3)               -              - 

Total                 1,866.4         100%      2,157.1      100%   (13.5%) 

* mix calculation excludes Internal/Other sales 

Like-for-like revenue in the Year was £1,866.4m (2019: 
£2,157.2m), a decline of 13.5% and heavily impacted by 
the COVID-19 pandemic. Faced with significant market 
declines in both the new and used markets, this was a 
pleasing result.  

As expected, new vehicle revenues suffered the sharpest 
declines, falling by 16.1% to £869.0m (2019: £1,035.7m). 
This decline was significantly lower than the overall new 
car market decline of 26.6%. 

Revenue relating to the sale of used vehicles, whilst faring  
better  than  new  revenues,  was  still  down  10.1%  at 
£834.9m (2019: £928.8m), a strong performance against 
a used vehicle market which experienced a unit declined 
of 14.9%. We believe that the franchise dealership model, 
with its strong links to the vehicle manufacturers, provides 
customers with a degree of assurance when purchasing a 
used vehicle. This has been particularly evident during a 
year in which first-time vehicle owners moved away from 
public transport and purchased their first cars. 

Like-for-like  aftersales  revenue  decreased  by  13.5%  to 
£208.3m (2019: £240.9m). Our aftersales businesses were 
heavily impacted during the first lockdown where a high 
proportion were closed. Those remaining open focused on 
supporting emergency services, transport companies and 
key  workers.  Deferrals  of  MOTs,  servicing  and  routine 
maintenance work as a result of reduced vehicle usage 
during lockdown periods also had an impact, however we 
have been encouraged by the rate at which activity levels 
improved once out of lockdown. 

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FINANCIAL REVIEW

Shareholder Returns 
For the reasons described in the Chairman’s statement, 
the Board is not recommending the payment of a final 
dividend 
the 
importance of dividends to shareholders and intends to 
resume the payment of dividends as soon as conditions 
allow and will consider the position next at the time of 
release of its interim results in August 2021. 

for  2020.  The  Board  understands 

ROCE 
Return  on  capital  employed,  defined  as  Underlying 
Operating Profit Before Tax divided by average capital 
employed, was 14.9% (2019: 16.2%). 

Reported Balance Sheet 
£m                                                   2020             2019 
Goodwill and intangibles                 119.5            119.3    
Freehold land and buildings           125.8            124.9 
Right-of-use assets                           98.8            108.0 
Other                                                 35.4              39.5 

Fixed assets                                  379.5            391.6 

Inventory                                         362.9            470.7 
Trade/other receivables                    65.8              87.5 
Cash & equivalents                           33.8                0.1 
Assets held for sale                            0.7                0.8 
Current tax assets                              0.3                    - 

Current assets                              463.5            559.1 

Vehicle funding                              (364.9)          (443.7)
Trade/other payables                     (132.4)          (140.6) 
Lease liabilities                                (99.3)          (108.1) 
Bank/other debt                                 (5.0)            (30.7) 
Other liabilities                                 (25.5)            (25.2) 

Total liabilities                              (627.1)          (748.4) 

Net assets                                      215.9            202.3 

Adjusted net cash/(debt) (£m)          28.8             (30.6) 

Goodwill and other intangible assets 
Consistent  with 
requirements  of  accounting 
the 
standards,  the  Group  has  carried  out  an  impairment 
assessment of the carrying value of goodwill and other 
intangible assets. This assessment, which is based upon 
the  Group’s  annual  budget  and  medium-term  plan, 
indicated an impairment of the goodwill of £0.2m held in 
respect of the Group’s Vauxhall businesses as a result of 
the decision made during the Year to close one of the 
Group’s three remaining Vauxhall dealerships. 

Following the completion of the acquisition of Aylesbury 
Volkswagen in July 2020, goodwill and other intangible 
assets increased by £1.1m, being £0.4m associated with 
the Aylesbury business and £0.7m which was related to 
the  seven  other  Volkswagen  and  ŠKODA  businesses   
acquired as part of the same acquisition in 2019, payment 
of  which  was  contingent  on  the  completion  of  the 
acquisition of the Aylesbury business. 

the  year.  A  number  of 

During 2020 the BMW business has shown substantial 
improvement despite the trading uncertainty experienced 
during 
the  performance 
improvement initiatives have been successfully delivered 
and  the  cash  flow  projections  for  the  CGU  indicate  a 
continued  improvement  over  the  plan  period  as  other 
management and manufacturer initiatives are delivered. 

Acquisitions 
The  Group  acquired Aylesbury  Volkswagen  during  the 
Year  after  resolution  of  certain  property  matters.  This 
transaction was part of the larger Volkswagen acquisition 
completed during December 2019. 

Trading in the businesses acquired during 2019 has been 
impacted by COVID-19 related lockdowns. However, we 
have been very encouraged with the progress made and 
anticipate that these businesses will make significant future 
contributions to the Group’s profitability. 

Freehold Land & Buildings 
The Group incurred a total of £10.3m capital expenditure 
during the Year, including £2.6m in respect of the pur-
chase of the freehold of our Volvo Welwyn business (pre-
viously leasehold site). 

The net book value of the Group’s property, plant and 
equipment at 31 December 2020 was £158.3m (2019: 
£159.3m), of which £123.7m related to freehold land and 
buildings (2019: £123.2m). 

Our property strategy continues to be a key component 
of the Group’s success, with targeted freehold purchases 
reducing ongoing operating costs, together with the dis-
posal of surplus properties delivering significant profits, 
including £1.6m during the Year. 
Strong Working Capital Management 
Given  the  significant  challenges  we  faced  in  the  Year, 
disciplined capital allocation and cash management was 
an even greater focus area for management. During the 
Year, the Group benefited from a working capital inflow of 
£43.2m, supported by extended stock facilities and strong 
working capital management.  

Inventory, net of provisions, at £362.9m reduced by 22.9% 
(£107.8m)  versus  2019.  This  significant  reduction  was 
largely due to automotive factory closures during 2020. At 
31 December 2020, inventory was funded by £364.9m of 
vehicle finance, a level of 100.6%, in part caused by a 

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changing sales profile due to lockdown, versus 94.3% at 
the end of 2019. This high level of funding is expected to 
reduce  during  2021  as  stock  levels  returns  to  more 
normalised levels. 

A decline in trade and other receivables of £21.7m in the 
Year was driven by a combination of a lower level of fleet 
debtors at the end of Year, combined with a greater focus 
on debt collection. 

Trade and other payables remained stable across the Year. 
The  Group  voluntarily  repaid  all  amounts  from  which  it 
benefitted under the Government’s VAT Payment Deferral 
Scheme which were not due to be fully paid until March 
2022. All other suppliers have been paid in the normal 
course of business. 
Cash Conversion 
Despite the turbulent year, the Group was able to deliver a 
strong cash generation performance with cash flow from 
operations during the Year of £96.0m (2019: £53.3m). This 
performance was driven by a strong second half EBITDA, 
the deferral of non-critical capital expenditure, reductions 
in stock holding, and tightened controls over the collection 
of  receivables  and  the  provision  of  credit  to  trade 
customers. 

The  Group  continues  to  use  operating  cash  flow 
conversion (being total cash flow generated by operations 
divided  by  operating  profit  from  continuing  operations 
before  interest,  tax,  depreciation,  amortisation  and 
depreciation on right-of-use assets) as a key metric for 
managing operational performance. 

During  the  Year,  total  cash  inflows  from  operations 
represented an operating cash conversion ratio of 183% 
(2019: 108%). 

Net Debt and Facilities 
At 31 December 2020, the Group’s adjusted net cash was 
£28.8m (2019: adjusted net debt of £30.6m).  

The  Group’s  current  finance  facilities  include  a  £120m 
revolving credit facility, which was extended in July 2020 

and is committed until January 2023 with a mutual option 
to step down by up to £20m at the first anniversary.  

Net  debt  (including 
31 December 2020 was £70.5m (2019: £138.6m). 

IFRS  16 

lease 

liabilities)  at 

Tax 
Consistent  with  its  published  Tax  Strategy,  the  Group 
focuses  on  ensuring  that  tax  compliance  risks  are 
managed and therefore the Group pays the appropriate 
amount of tax. The Group’s Tax Strategy is reviewed at 
least annually and is approved by the Board. 

The Group’s tax charge before non-underlying items for 
the Year was £4.4m (2019: £4.2m), an effective tax rate of 
21.1% (2019: 18.9%). The effective tax rate for the year 
end  31  December  2019  was  lower  due  to  the  one-off 
benefit of certain tax losses to offset in year profits. 

The Group’s effective tax rate including non-underlying 
items was 31.6% (2019: 20.7%). The effective tax rate for 
2020  increased  due  to  the  revaluation  of  the  Group’s 
deferred  tax  liabilities  following  a  change  in  the  rate  of 
corporation tax from 17% to 19% which was enacted in the 
Finance Bill 2020 in July 2020. 

Pensions 
The Group has no current commitments to defined benefit 
pension schemes, with all Group pension plans being on 
a defined contribution basis. 

During the previous financial year, the Group settled the 
residual liability of £5.6m to the Marshall Group Executive 
Plan,  a  defined  benefit  pension  scheme  in  which  the 
Group ceased to be a participating employer during the 
year ended 31 December 2018. 

Richard Blumberger  
Chief Financial Officer  
8 March 2021

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PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Principal Risks and Uncertainties

The  Group  faces  a  range  of  risks  and  uncertainties  which 
variously arise from the Group’s operations, are specific to the 
sector, or are due to wider macro-economic circumstances. The 
processes  that  the  Board  has  established  to  monitor  business 
risks  and  put  in  place  mitigating  actions  in  order  to  safeguard 
both  shareholder  value  and  the  assets  of  the  Group  are 
described in the Corporate Governance report.  

The principal risks and uncertainties the Directors believe could 
have  the  most  significant  adverse  impact  on  the  Group’s 
business, together with the principal controls in place to mitigate 
those risks are set out below. The risk trend column indicates the 
Board’s view on whether, from a Group perspective, taking into 
account mitigating actions, the potential for each risk to have a 
material  impact  upon  the  Group  has  increased,  remained 
relatively stable or decreased over the past 12 months. The risks 
and  uncertainties  described  below  are  not  intended  to  be  an 
exhaustive  list  and  is  likely  to  evolve  over  time  due  to  the 
dynamic  nature  of  the  Group’s  business,  the  sector,  and  the 
political and economic circumstances of the UK. 

COVID-19 
The Directors draw specific attention to the pervasive impacts of 
the  ongoing  COVID-19  pandemic.  This  represents  a  risk 
influenced  by  circumstances  and  events  that  have  evolved 
during  the  past  12  months.  The  ongoing  COVID-19  pandemic 
has  caused  major  disruption  to  businesses  across  the  world, 
including the Group. As health and other government authorities’ 

responses  to  the  pandemic  continue  to  evolve  and  the  full 
macro-economic impacts of the pandemic continue to unfold, the 
duration and extent of the disruption are in part unknown at this 
time. The Group continues to follow all government guidance to 
ensure  a  COVID-19  secure  operating  environment  for  all 
customers and colleagues. A regular assessment of the personal 
and  commercial  impacts  and  mitigating  actions  required 
continues  to  be  carried  out  at  both  a  Group  and  local 
geographical level by the Directors and Board. Communications 
and guidance on revised policies and procedures implemented 
in  response  to  the  impacts  of  COVID-19  are  being  regularly 
issued  internally  to  support  colleagues  and  customers. 
Furthermore,  the  Directors  have  taken  appropriate  cost 
mitigation actions and the Group is benefiting from the support 
provided by the UK Government, by vehicle manufacturers, by 
supply  chain  partners  and  by  the  Group’s  funding  facility 
providers.  

Further details of the impact of  COVID-19 to the  relevant Risk 
Areas  and  the  mitigating  actions  taken  are  included  below. 
Although  the  outlook  appears  positive  with  the  rollout  of  the 
vaccination  programme,  these  risks  and  uncertainties  are 
expected to remain in existence for the foreseeable future and 
could  continue  to  have  as  material  an  impact  on  the  Group’s 
performance as they have in the past 12 months. 

*Note the trend direction relates to the underlying inherent risk 
and does not take into consideration any increased level of risk 
due to the current pandemic

Business 
 Interruption

People

Strategy          

and Business 
Relationships

IT and  
Cyber Security

Principal  
Risks and  
Uncertainties

Economic  
and Political

Environmental 
and 
 Health & Safety

Finance  
and Treasury

Legal and 
Regulatory 
Compliance

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Risk                        Impact                                          Mitigations                                                          Risk Trend*

Business Interruption

Failure to recover, 
in an acceptable 
time frame and/or 
to an acceptable 
level, from an 
unplanned event 
or series of 
events and 
circumstances 
that have 
impacted the 
company’s ability 
to continue 
operating at 
planned levels

• The Group misses its financial 

• Crisis Management Team in place at the executive level supported 

targets 

by senior management in all areas of the business 

NEW

• Reduction in confidence of key 

stakeholders  

• Reputational damage impacting 

employees and customers 

• Tried and tested communication channels in place for all 

stakeholders 

• Internal communications from the CEO to all employees as and 
when required enabling changes to be implemented promptly 

Impacts of Pandemic 

• Uncertainty regarding the duration 

and extent of disruption are 
unknown impacting the ability to 
effectively plan for reopening of 
sites  

• Business is open and requires 
personnel, but sales are not 
sufficient to cover costs 

Additional Pandemic Mitigations 

• A regular assessment of the personal and commercial impacts and 

mitigating actions required continues to be carried out at both a 
Group and local geographical level by the Directors and Board 

• The Directors take appropriate cost mitigation actions, accessing 
support, as required provided by the UK Government, by vehicle 
manufacturers, by supply chain partners and by the Group’s funding 
facility providers 

• Increased focus on omni-channel with a seamless customer 

experience from selecting a new vehicle, reserving online, arranging 
part exchanges and financing.  Supported by video calls, live 
messaging on website, telephone appointments, click and collect or 
home deliveries 

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Strategy and Business Relationships

Failure to adopt 
the right business 
strategy and/or 
failure to 
implement 
strategy 
successfully

• The Group misses its financial 

targets or is unable to invest in its 
businesses  

• Reduction in confidence of key 

stakeholders (shareholders, brand 
partners, lenders, and employees)  

• Poor investment decisions/ failure 
to achieve targeted investment 
returns 

Impacts of Pandemic 

• Annual strategy review by the Board to guide business planning and 

investment decisions  

• Monthly reporting and monitoring of key financial information and 
performance with prompt investigation of significant variances  

• Detailed business planning and due diligence prior to potential 

acquisitions  

• Review of capital expenditure plans to ensure that the Group’s return 

on capital objectives are achievable  

• Capital investment appraisal process with Board review of major 

investments  

• Diversity of franchises mitigates the cyclical nature of, and an over 

• Uncertainty regarding the duration 

reliance on individual vehicle brands  

and extent of disruption are 
unknown impacting the ability to 
accurately determine financial 
targets 

• Missing or overachieving financial 

targets impacting confidence of key 
stakeholders 

• Not being in a position to pay 

dividends impacting confidence of 
shareholders and potential investors 

Manufacturer 
Relationships

• Failure, or downturn in performance, 
of manufacturer partners impacting 
vehicle sales and profitability of 
those franchises  

• Failure to maintain good relations 

with manufacturers impacting 
revenue and profitability  

• Loss of a franchise leading to a 

reduction in revenue and profitability 
and the risk of vacant properties 
and/or onerous leases  

• Poor manufacturer relationships 

impacting acquisition and/or growth 
opportunities

• Focus on efficient use of working capital supported by bank credit 

lines and stock financing facilities 

Additional Pandemic Mitigations 

• A regular assessment of the personal and commercial impacts and 
mitigating actions required continues to be carried out at both a 
Group and local geographical level by the Directors and Board 

• The Directors take appropriate cost mitigation actions access 

support, as required, provided by the UK Government, by vehicle 
manufacturers, by supply chain partners and by the Group’s funding 
facility providers 

• Increased focus on omni-channel with a seamless customer 

experience from selecting a new vehicle, reserving online, arranging 
part exchanges and financing.  Supported by video calls, live 
messaging on website, telephone appointments, click and collect or 
home deliveries

• Ongoing portfolio management focused on strengthening key 
franchise relationships/divestment of non-core businesses  

• Diverse franchise representation avoids over reliance on any single 

manufacturer  

• Close contact and regular review with manufacturers (through CEO, 

Operations, Commercial and Franchise Directors) to ensure our 
respective goals are communicated, understood and aligned  

• Continued track record of achieving brand targets, investing in brand 
CSI requirements and facilities, being a partner whom the brands 
can trust 

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Risk                        Impact                                          Mitigations                                                          Risk Trend*

Strategy and Business Relationships (Continued)

Failure to 
integrate 
acquisitions 
successfully

• Loss of key 

personnel/customers  

• Detailed business planning and due diligence on potential 

acquisitions  

• Brand partner relationship 

• Integration plan developed prior to acquisition and 

damage 

implemented in a timely manner thereafter  

• Reduced financial performance 

• Group-wide single dealer management platform and 

of acquired businesses  

• Failure to achieve targeted 

synergies  

Phoenix management system implemented immediately 
after acquisition  

• Prompt implementation of Group policies and procedures.  

• Damage to manufacturer and/or 

• Group target for Internal Audit to verify successful 

customer relationships

implementation of Group processes within 12 months of 
acquisition

Disruption to 
franchise 
business model

• Alternative business models 
impacting franchised dealer 
model  

• Direct sales channels 

circumventing franchised 
dealers  

• Adoption of agency model for 

new vehicle sales  

• Revenues and profits may fall 

due to competitor action 
‘Mobility as a service’ leading to 
reduced private vehicle 
ownership  

• Electric and alternative fuel 

vehicles leading to a decline in 
sales for traditional vehicle 
manufacturers and/or reduced 
demand for aftersales services 

• Ongoing development of customer experience to ensure the 

Group maintains a competitive advantage  

• Increased focus on omni-channel with a seamless customer 
experience from selecting a new vehicle, reserving online, 
arranging part exchanges and financing.  Supported by 
video calls, live messaging on website, telephone 
appointments, click and collect or home deliveries. 

• IT developments to maintain competitive advantage (e.g. 
development of website/Phoenix management system)  
• Maintaining close relationships with manufacturer partners 

to ensure each party’s mutual aims are achieved  

• Agency model for new vehicle sales has a number of 

financial and operational advantages for dealers 

• Close working relationship and partnership with brands who 

are responding effectively to the cleaner technology, 
automation and ‘mobility as a service’ potential disruptive 
factors  

• Connected car technology reinforces link between 

customers and manufacturers through franchised dealers  
• Annual strategy review by the Board considers market and 

technology trends and applies this information to guide 
business planning and investment decisions  

• The Group scale and financial position leaves it in a good 

position to benefit from market changes as technology and 
customer requirements evolve  

• The Group strategy of partnering with key brands ensures 

we have a strategic relationship with those brands

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Risk                        Impact                                          Mitigations                                                          Risk Trend*

Economic and Political

Deterioration in 
economic 
conditions/ 
consumer 
confidence

UK’s withdrawal 
from the 
European Union 
(‘Brexit’)

• Increased inflation and falling 

• Board monitoring of economic conditions and forecasts with 

consumer confidence leading to 
lower vehicle sales/margins and a 
reduction in revenue and profitability  

• Reduction in used vehicle values 

impacting stock values  

• Weakening Sterling impacting new 

vehicle prices and sales  

• Manufacturers’ focus on the UK 

automotive retail market may decline 
leading to reduced output and sales  

• Interest rate rises impacting 

availability and affordability of vehicle 
finance Increased costs of servicing 
the Group’s borrowings 

appropriate actions being developed and implemented to reduce 
adverse impact upon the Group as whole  

• Detailed stock management & reporting provided through the 

Group’s bespoke Phoenix information system 

• Stock level information is used to enforce the Group’s prudent stock 

polices (including a standard stock holding period of 56 days for 
used vehicles)  

• Maintaining close relationships with manufacturers enables the 

Group to assess the level of commitment to the UK market and seek 
to support and reinforce this commitment  

• Managing the day-to-day working capital of the Group and the 

acquisition strategy to maintain, on average, a low level of net debt 
with substantial facility headroom  

Impacts of Pandemics 

Additional Pandemic Mitigations 

• Economic disruption impacting 

consumer confidence and demand 
for new vehicles 

• Government guidance to ‘Stay at 

Home’ and some customer 
reluctance to purchase new car 
without visiting showroom 

• Disruption to supply chains resulting 

in limited supply of new vehicles 
which has also had a consequential 
impact on the used car market 
(including a positive impact on used 
vehicle prices)

• Continual monitoring of UK government rules and responding 

accordingly 

• Increasing focus to obtain and sell used vehicles 

• Increased focus on omni-channel with a seamless customer 

experience from selecting a new vehicle, reserving online, arranging 
part exchanges and financing.  Supported by video calls, live 
messaging on website, telephone appointments, click and collect or 
home deliveries 

• Close communication with manufacturers to understand and respond 

to any identified supply chain impacts 

• Negative impact on UK economy: 

• Board monitoring of economic conditions and forecasts with 

appropriate actions being developed and implemented to reduce 
adverse impact upon the Group as whole  

• Impact of any deterioration in consumer confidence mitigated by 

PCP renewal cycle (primarily in the new car market)  

• Stock management and monitoring with appropriately prudent 

policies, including a standard stock holding period of 56 days for 
used vehicles, to mitigate impact of any falling vehicle values 

• Maintaining close relationship with manufacturers The Group is not a 

direct importer of vehicles and parts from the EU Diversity of the 
Group’s portfolio of brand partners which includes UK, EU and non-
European manufacturers 

• The Group is not directly reliant upon labour from EU countries and 
overall mitigations, detailed below, address the risk of attracting and 
retaining staff 

• Sales to Northern Ireland are flagged and reviewed to ensure 
vehicles are not sold onto the Republic of Ireland or other EU 
countries without relevant taxes being paid

increased inflation and falling 
consumer confidence leading to lower 
vehicle sales/margins and a reduction 
in revenue and profitability  

• Reduction in used vehicle values 

impacting stock values  

• Weakening Sterling impacting new 

vehicle prices and sales  

• Manufacturers’ focus on the UK 

automotive retail market may decline 
leading to reduced output and sales  

• Potential regulatory changes may 

impact franchising model in the UK 
(including potential changes to EU 
Block Exemptions)  

• The change to Freedom of Movement 
impacts the UK labour market and 
potentially impacts the ability of the 
Group to attract and retain staff 

• VAT on used cars sold from England to 
the Republic of Ireland resulting in VAT 
fraud on purchases in Northern Ireland 
being sold onto the Republic of Ireland

Increased 
Operating Costs

• Increased operating and non-

controllable costs (e.g. employment 
costs, Apprentice Levy, business rate 
changes, IT and marketing costs) 
impacting profitability 

• Operating and non-controllable costs are monitored through monthly 
management reporting and the weekly operational forecasts against 
expectations set in the annual budget  

• Cost reduction and efficiency initiatives to offset structural cost 

increases 

Impacts of Pandemics 

• Increased operating costs including: 

purchase of Personal Protective 
Equipment, communication to 
employees and customers, increased 
IT costs for remote working 

Additional Pandemic Mitigations 

• Cost mitigations depending on level of Lock Down, including deferral 

of capital expenditure, reduction in marketing and use of the 
Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS) 

• Additional financial support provided by the UK Government, by 
vehicle manufacturers, supply chain partners and the Group’s 
funding facility providers

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PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Risk                        Impact                                          Mitigations                                                          Risk Trend*

Finance and Treasury

Liquidity & credit

• Credit availability/withdrawal of 

• In July 2020, the Group renewed its £120m revolving credit facility 

financing facilities impacting trading 
ability  

• Breach of covenants or inability to 

meet debt obligations  

until 2023 

• Managing the day to day working capital of the Group and the 

acquisition strategy to maintain, on average, a low level of net debt 
with substantial facility headroom  

• Increased stock funding costs

• The Group’s track record and current financial position leave it well 

placed to secure funding; however, market factors and the  
macro-economic situation are leading to increased funding costs

Vehicle residual 
values volatility

• Fluctuations in used vehicle values 

• Stock management & monitoring (including a standard stock holding 

adversely impacting the value of the 
Group’s vehicle inventory

period of 56 days for used vehicles

Legal and Regulatory 

Legal & 
Regulatory 
Changes and 
Compliance

• Non-compliance with key legal and 
regulatory codes (Financial Conduct 
Authority (“FCA”), Driver & Vehicle 
Standards Agency, Information 
Commissioner's Office, etc.) leading 
to fines, litigation, authorisation 
suspension and/or reputational 
damage  

• Regulatory intervention into the 

market (for example the FCA motor 
finance review and the FCA 
Thematic Review of General 
Insurance Distribution Chains) may 
impact operations

• Monitoring of regulatory announcements/market studies to identify 

potential changes in regulatory requirements and implementation of 
any changes necessary to meet new requirements  

• Group compliance team tasked with developing policies/procedures, 

training, and monitoring compliance  

• Compliance team deliver an annual programme of reviews to a 

scope approved by the Compliance Oversight Committee 

• On-going programme of systems and software development to 
support the sale process providing consistency and enhanced 
monitoring capability 

• A programme of training has been delivered across the Group to 

meet the requirements of the FCA’s Senior Managers & Certification 
Regime 

• This training has also been incorporated into the induction 

procedures for new employees

Environmental and Health & Safety

Environmental 
and Health & 
Safety

• Failure to ensure colleagues and 
customers safe environments 
leading to accidents, litigation, fines 
and regulatory intervention  

• Non-compliance with environmental 
laws & regulations leading to fines, 
penalties and compensation and 
clean-up costs and disruption to 
operations 

Impacts of Pandemics 

• Failure to implement COVID-19 

specific rules leading to closure of 
sites, fines and reputational damage 

• The Group Environment, Health & Safety team develop and support 

sites in implementing policies and procedures to promote safe 
places of work. These procedures include:  

� A programme of audits across Group  

� Regular inspection of plant and equipment   

� Waste management procedures and employee training   

• The Group Environment, Health & Safety team monitors compliance 

and promotes a health and safety helps culture  

• Compliance with policies and incident response is a standing agenda 

item for the Board and the operational management meetings  

• Environmental due diligence is carried out for new site acquisitions 

with appropriate environmental and remediation works being carried 
and insurance being put in place for higher risk sites 

Additional Pandemic Mitigations 

• Risk Assessment conducted on all sites versus government 

guidelines, standards set and implemented 

• Requirement for all colleagues to complete mandatory formal training 

and assessment on revised operating procedures and social 
distancing guidelines  

• Ongoing programme of audits to ensure standards are being 

adhered to 

• Monitoring and adherence to evolving Government guidelines and 

risks we see in our business  

Climate Change

• The Group have identified Climate 

• The direct risk of extreme weather events is mitigated as sites are 

Change as an emerging risk and will 
closely monitor its impact on the 
business both directly and indirectly 
through the changes in regulations 
and consumer demand towards 
greener technologies 

spread geographically across the country 

• Our brand partners are driving the change towards greener 

technologies  

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Risk                        Impact                                          Mitigations                                                          Risk Trend*

IT and Cyber Security

Failure of key IT 
systems

• Loss of key information systems, 

• The Group IT strategy is set by the Board with delivery being 

downtime and business interruption

monitored by an IT steering committee  

Cyber Security

• Potential to corrupt, affect or destroy 
key systems and data (email, DMS 
& customer records), denial of 
service attacks and business 
interruption leading to lost revenue 

Impacts of Pandemics 

• The increase in remote working has 

led to an increase in the risk of 
malware and phishing attacks across 
all organisations

People

Failure to attract, 
develop, motivate 
and retain key 
employees

• Loss of key personnel and skilled 

workers (e.g. technicians) impacting 
operational performance, and 
relationships with key brand partners 
and suppliers 

• The Group IT team monitors systems and implements upgrade 
programmes as required following approval by the IT steering 
committee  

• IT system contingency and disaster recovery plans are in place

• The Group has clear protocols/policies in place regarding use and 

access to the Group’s IT systems  

• Cyber security defences are in place and include:  
 Network unified threat management/Firewall  
 Anti-virus software  
 Inbound and outbound email scanning and filtering

• Appropriate remuneration packages which reward performance and 
include long-term incentive plans for senior employees which are 
aligned with the interests of shareholders  

• Guaranteed earnings scheme for new sales staff to assist 

recruitment and retention Promotion of “Great Place to Work” culture  

• Training and career development programmes in place to provide 

Impacts of Pandemics 

opportunities for promotion within the Group 

• Loss of key personnel due to 

sickness, requirement to self-isolate 
and/or childcare issues. 

• Colleague engagement deteriorates 

due to difficulties experienced 
directly or indirectly by the pandemic 

Additional Pandemic Mitigations 

• During the furlough period, the Group supplemented the support 

provided by the CJRS enhancing colleague pay and not imposing 
the CJRS cap of £2,500 per month 

• The Group has provided additional financial support to colleagues 

including salary advances  

• The Board and other senior members of the management team 

voluntarily reduced their pay in line with reductions for furloughed 
employees 

• Video messages from the CEO and other members of the executive 
committee and senior management team, to all colleagues enabled 
the Group to stay in touch and provide updates to reassure 
colleagues on actions being taken to address the risks facing the 
business and also to direct colleagues to support available to them 

• ‘Stay Marshall Colleague Hub’ designed for two-way communication, 

regularly updated with internal initiatives and details of where 
colleagues can obtain support such as our Colleague Assistance 
Programmes with Ben and Aviva 

45

 
 
 
 
BOARD DECISION MAKING (S.172 STATEMENT)

Board Decision Making (s.172 Statement)

The Board is accountable to shareholders for the management, performance and long-term success of the Company. The 
Directors have regard to their duty under Section 172 of the Companies Act 2006 to act in the way which they consider, in good 
faith, would be most likely to promote the success of the Company for the benefit of its members as a whole and, in doing so, 
have regard (amongst other matters) to: 

(i)

the likely consequences of any decision in the long term; 

(ii)

the interests of the Company’s employees; 

(iii) the need to foster the Company’s business relationships with suppliers, customers and others; 

(iv) the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and the environment; 

(v)

the desirability of the Company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct; and 

(vi) the need to act fairly as between members of the Company. 

Section 172 therefore requires the Board to consider wider stakeholder interests when discharging their duty to promote the 
success of the Company 

For the purposes of decision making, the Directors have identified key stakeholder groups, have evaluated their interests, and 
describe below how they have engaged with and responded to the interests of those stakeholders during the Year. 

                                                                                                                                How does the  
Stakeholder                                                                                                                 Group Engage  
Group                                           Interests                                                                and Respond

Customers

• Dealing  with  a 
organisation. 

trusted  and 

transparent 

• Maintaining a relationship over the long term. 
• Receiving balanced advice when purchasing a 
vehicle or having a vehicle serviced or repaired. 
• Having clarity as to the pricing of vehicles as 
well as the additional products and services. 

• Achieving good value for money. 
• Responding promptly and appropriately to any 

customer complaints or concerns. 

• A “Sales Orientation Programme”, which all new 
Sales Executives attend, to ensure that they 
deliver a consistent and high-quality customer 
experience. 

• A  customer  focused  culture,  supported  by 

clearly defined sales processes. 

• Effective  governance  supported  by  an 
independent  compliance  team,  a  detailed 
understanding of the regulatory environment, 
coupled with monitoring and training to drive 
continuous improvement. 

• The  Group’s  scale  of  operations,  strong 
manufacturer and other supplier relationships 
support the delivery of value-for-money for the 
customer. 

• Frequent customer satisfaction surveys. 
•

Independent complaint handling by the Group’s 
internal Compliance Team in relation to regulated 
activities. Monitoring of customer complaints to 
identify  any  themes,  with  appropriate  actions 
taken to address identified issues 

• During the Year, many of the Group’s decisions 
relating to the operation of its retail businesses 
during  the  COVID-19  pandemic  were  centred 
around  our  customers’  health  and  safety  and 
providing them services in a manner which met 
their needs.  As described in more detail in the 
Operating  Review,  the  Group  implemented  a 
range  of  measures,  including  the  adoption  of 
robust COVID-19 secure operating procedures at 
our dealerships, introducing ‘click and collect’ and 
‘reserve online’ facilities and frequent customer 
communications via telephone, email and video.  
In  addition,  given  the  importance  of  our 
aftersales services to the emergency services, 
vehicle transport companies and key workers, 
the  Group  ensured  that  strategically  located 
aftersales facilities remained open throughout 
periods  of  national  lockdown  to  provide 
continuity of service to these critically important 
customers. 

•

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                                                                                                                                How does the  
Stakeholder                                                                                                                 Group Engage  
Group                                           Interests                                                                and Respond

Employees

• Seeing  an  alignment  between  personal  and 

corporate values 

• Knowing  that  the  organisation  has  a  strong 
to  ethical  practices  and 

commitment 
compliance 

• Being  part  of  a  successful  and  secure 

organisation 

• A safe working environment 
• Knowing that their views are heard and acted 

upon 

• Regular  CEO  communications,  weekly 
bulletins, the Colleague magazine, intranet, 
regular team meetings and engaging social 
media channels. 

• Annual employee survey, through Great Place 
to Work, followed by line manager briefings 
and the development of action plans to drive 
improvement. 

• Group “whistle blowing” hotline provided by a 
third  party  to  allow  employees  to  raise 
concerns in confidence. 

• Recognising  colleagues  who  demonstrate 
outstanding  achievements 
the 
MAVTA programme (Marshall Achievement, 
Values and Teamwork Awards). 

through 

• Promoting  diversity  in  the  workplace;  for 
the 

through  membership  of 

example 
Automotive 30% Club. 

• Group  values  and  policies  on  work  place 
conduct develop a supportive, respectful and 
friendly working environment. 
Investment in learning and development to 
ensure that staff are equipped with the skills 
they need to do their roles. 

•

• Group Health, Safety and Environment Team 
who  work  with  all  sites  to  promote  safe 
working practices as well as monitoring trends 
and  making  changes  to  procedures  in 
response to those trends. 

• As  set  out  in  more  detail  in  the  Operating 
Review  and  the  Corporate  and  Social 
Responsibility section of this Annual Report, 
the  Group  took  numerous  decisions  and 
actions  during  the  Year  to  support  its 
employees,  including  enhancing  financial 
support for furloughed colleagues, a variety of 
wellbeing  initiatives  and  regular  employee 
communication throughout the Year. 
In  addition,  whilst  a  number  of  roles  in  the 
Group  were  affected  by  business  closures 
and  there  were  a  limited  number  of  other 
redundancies  as  a  result  of  the  impact  of 
COVID-19, through a range of measures, the 
vast majority of jobs within the Group have 
been protected. 

•

47

 
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                                                                                                                                How does the  
Stakeholder                                                                                                                 Group Engage  
Group                                           Interests                                                                and Respond

Suppliers

• A  collaborative,  open  and  supportive 

relationship 

• Prompt, clear and responsive communications 

• Strong 

relationships 

vehicle 
manufacturers,  developed  through  regular 
meetings  with 
senior 
management. 

the  Group’s 

with 

• Long term partnership agreements with key 
strategic  suppliers  which  deliver  value  for 
money for the Group and certainty of business 
for the supplier. 

• During  the  Year,  the  Group  extended  its 
commercial relationships with a number of its 
key  suppliers, 
including  both  vehicle 
manufacturer and other commercial partners. 

Communities

• Responsible  investment,  development,  and 

•

operations 

• Delivery of employment opportunities 
• Support  for  local  communities  and  national 

causes 

Investing in the dealership portfolio to ensure 
that all the sites are well maintained, optimise 
energy use and environmental impact, as well 
as being an asset to the local area. 

• Providing  direct  employment  to  over  4,000 

people. 

• Supporting  and  raising  awareness  for  the 
Motor and Allied Trades Benevolent Fund. 
• Supporting local and national charities, as well 
as  encouraging  employees 
to  become 
involved  in  the  communities  in  which  they 
work. 

• As  referred  to  above,  during  the  Year  the 
Group made the decision to keep strategically 
located aftersales facilities open throughout 
national lockdown periods to support local and 
regional  emergency  services, 
transport 
companies and key workers.  

Shareholders

• A business with a clear strategy which is well 

• Clear  and  transparent  annual  and  interim 

executed 

reporting. 

• Financial discipline backed by strong internal 

controls 

• Strong  return  on  investment  throughout  the 

economic cycle 

• Access to senior management through results 
the  Annual  General 

presentations  and 
Meeting. 

• The  Chairman  meets  regularly  with  key 
shareholders  and  the  Senior  Independent 
Director is available to meet with shareholders 
if requested. 

• Track  record  of  successful  growth  through 
acquisitions which have been appropriately 
integrated into the Group. 

• During  the  Year,  the  Group  communicated 
with shareholders frequently providing clear 
details of the Group’s trading, operational and 
financial  position,  both 
formal 
announcements  and  meetings  with  key 
shareholders and institutional investors.

through 

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                                                                                                                                How does the  
Stakeholder                                                                                                                 Group Engage  
Group                                           Interests                                                                and Respond

Funders

• Open and honest relationship with clarity as to 

• Clear  and  transparent  annual  and  interim 

business performance 

reporting. 

• Financial discipline backed by strong internal 
controls which enables delivery of commitments 

• Relationships with all funders at a senior level 

within the Group. 

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• Strong  day  to  day  working  relationships 
between Group and funder operational staff. 
• During  the  Year,  the  Group  maintained  its 
funders, 
relationships  with  key 
strong 
financial 
the  Group’s 
communicating 
performance and position on a regular basis 
and  working  with  them  to  amend  financial 
covenants where necessary. During the Year, 
the Group also extended its revolving credit 
facility with Barclays and HSBC and agreed 
extended facilities with its key vehicle funding 
providers.  

Directors’ Approval of  the Strategic Report 
The Group’s Strategic Report, from pages 8 through to 49, has been reviewed and approved by the Board of Directors. 

By order of the Board 

Daksh Gupta  
Chief Executive Officer 
8 March 2021 

49

 
 
 
 
 
BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Board of Directors

1

2

3

4

1. Professor Richard Parry-Jones CBE 
Non-Executive Chairman  
and Chair of the Nominations Committee 
Richard has had a long and distinguished career in the 
automotive  industry.  He  spent  over  30  years  in  senior 
executive  positions  at  Ford  Motor  Company,  including 
Group  Vice  President  of  Global  Product  Development 
and served as its Chief Technical Officer for 10 years. 

Richard’s  non-executive  career  has  included  positions 
working  with  the  Government  as  Co-Chair  of  the 
UK Automotive  Council  and  in  infrastructure  sectors  as 
Chairman of Network Rail and Chairman of Kelda Group 
Holdings  and  Yorkshire  Water.  He  also  served  for 
10  years  as  a  Non-Executive  Director  of  GKN  plc,  a 
global  leader  in  automotive  and  aerospace  systems, 
including  the  role  of  Senior  Independent  Director. 
Richard’s other current roles include Visiting Professor at 
Loughborough  University  and  Chairman  of  the  Faraday 
Challenge Advisory Board. Richard was appointed as a 
Non-Executive  Director  of Aston  Martin  Lagonda  plc  in 
February 2021. 

Richard joined the Board as Non-Executive Chairman in 
January 2019. 

2. Daksh Gupta 
Chief Executive Officer 
Daksh has over 28 years’ experience in the automotive 
retail sector and joined the Company in 2008 as its Chief 
Executive  Officer.  Daksh  was  a  Franchise  Director  for 
Inchcape plc for seven years where he was responsible 
for  the  Volkswagen,  Audi  and  Mercedes-Benz  brands. 
Daksh also served as Chief Operating Officer of Accident 
Exchange  Group  plc  and  prior  to  joining  the  Company, 
was  Group  Managing  Director  for  Ridgeway  Group. 
Daksh  was  a  Director  of  Marshall  of  Cambridge 
(Holdings) Limited until 2 April 2015.

Daksh is currently Vice Chairman of the UK automotive 
industry charity, BEN and a Patron of The UK Automotive 
30% Club, whose purpose is to achieve a better gender 
balance within the automotive industry. 

3. Richard Blumberger FCMA 
Chief Financial Officer 
Richard  has  a  wealth  of  experience  gained  from  senior 
finance  roles  with  major  UK  public  companies.  Before 
joining  the  Company,  Richard  was  Director  of  Group 
Finance  at  Mitie  Group  plc  and  previously  held  senior 
finance roles at Engie (formerly GDF Suez) and Balfour 
Beatty  plc.  He  has  a  strong  understanding  of  multi-site 
businesses and a track record of strategic planning, profit 
enhancement and extensive M&A experience. 

Richard  was  appointed  to  the  Board  as  Chief  Financial 
Officer in January 2019. 

4. Alan Ferguson 
Senior Independent Director  
and Chair of the Audit Committee 
Alan  is  a  Non-Executive  Director  of  AngloGold  Ashanti 
Limited  where  he  chairs  the Audit  Committee.  Until  July 
2020  and  April  2020  respectively,  he  was  Senior 
Independent Director of Johnson Matthey plc and Croda 
International  plc  and  chaired  the  Audit  Committees  of 
each of these companies. Alan was Chief Financial Officer 
and a director of Lonmin plc until December 2010. 

Prior  to  this,  Alan  was  Group  Finance  Director  of  BOC 
Group  plc  until  it  was  acquired  by  the  Linde  Group  in 
2006.  Before  then,  Alan  spent  22  years  in  a  variety  of 
roles  at  Inchcape  plc,  including  six  years  as  its  Group 
Finance  Director  from  1999.  Alan  is  a  Chartered 
Accountant,  sits  on  the  Business  Policy  Panel  of  the 
Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland and works 
with the Audit Committee Chairs’ Independent Forum. 

Alan was appointed to the Board in March 2015.

50

 
 
 
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6

7

8

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5. Nicky Dulieu 
Non-Executive Director  
and Chair of the Remuneration Committee 
Nicky  is  an  experienced  Non-Executive  Director  with  a 
wealth  of  retail  industry  experience.  She  trained  as  an 
accountant  with  Marks  &  Spencer  plc  and  undertook 
numerous  strategic  and  financial  roles  in  the  company 
over a 23 year period, including as Finance Director of the 
Food Division. Nicky joined Hobbs Limited as its Finance 
Director  in  2006  before  becoming  its  Chief  Operating 
Officer  and  subsequently  Chief  Executive  between  2008 
and 2014. 

Nicky  is  currently  a  Non-Executive  Director  and  Chair  of 
the Remuneration Committees at Adnams plc and Redrow 
plc and is a Non-Executive Director and Chair of the Audit 
Committee at WH Smith plc. 

Nicky was appointed to the Board on 1 January 2020. 

6. Kathy Jenkins 
Non-Executive Director 
Kathy joined Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) Limited in 
April 2017 as Group HR Director. Kathy was appointed as 
Chief  Operating  Officer  in  October  2019.  Before  joining 
Marshall,  Kathy  spent  14  years  at Thales  plc  where  she 
held a number of senior executive positions. She has also 
worked with Marconi plc. 

Kathy  was  appointed  to  the  Board  in  May  2018  as  a 
nominated  director  of  Marshall  of  Cambridge  (Holdings) 
Limited. 

Trustee of Addenbrooke’s Charitable Trust and a Member of 
Anglian  Learning  (multi-academy  trust).    He  is  also  a 
Member  of  the  Joint Assembly  of  the  Greater  Cambridge 
Partnership  and  a  Vice-President  of  the Air  League  Trust 
and a Vice-President of Automotive Fellowship International. 
He is Chairman of No. 104 (City of Cambridge) Squadron of 
the RAF Air Cadets.  Christopher is a Fellow of the Royal 
Aeronautical Society, a Fellow of the Institute of the Motor 
Industry and a Freeman of the City of London. 

Christopher  was  appointed  to  the  Board  in  July  2016  as 
a nominated director of Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) 
Limited. 

8. Francesca Ecsery 
Non-Executive Director 
Francesca  has  over  20  years’  directorship  experience  in 
both  blue  chip  companies  and  start-ups  in  the  digital, 
retail,  fast-moving  consumer  goods  (FMCG)  and  leisure 
industries. She is a Harvard MBA, fluent in five languages 
and  has  special  expertise  in  multi-platform  consumer 
marketing, branding and commercial strategies.  

Francesca is also a Non-Executive Director of FTSE listed 
companies F&C Investment Trust plc, Air France and the 
AIC (Association of Investment Companies). Her previous 
executive experience includes McKinsey, PepsiCo, Thorn 
EMI, Thomas Cook, STA Travel and many other consumer 
brands. 

Francesca was appointed to the Board in March 2015. 

7. Christopher Walkinshaw 
Non-Executive Director 
Christopher  has  worked  for  Marshall  of  Cambridge 
(Holdings)  Limited  since  1983  and  is  currently  Group 
Director  of  External  Relations  &  Communications.  He  is  a 
Board  Member  of  Cambridge  Ahead  and  of  the  Reserve 
Forces  and  Cadets  Association  in  East  Anglia.  He  is  a 

9. Stephen Jones 
Company Secretary 
Stephen is a practising Solicitor and spent eight years as 
a corporate lawyer at Eversheds LLP. He also spent eight 
years  as  Group  Counsel  and  Company  Secretary  at 
Automotive and Insurance Solutions Group plc. 

Stephen joined the Company in March 2015.

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DIRECTORS’ REPORT

Directors’ Report

The  Directors  present  their Annual  Report  on  the  affairs  of  the  Group,  together  with  the  financial  statements  and 
Independent Auditor’s Report, for the year ended 31 December 2020 (the “Year”). 

Principal Activities 
The principal activity of the Company is that of a holding company. The principal activity of its subsidiary undertakings is 
the sale and servicing of passenger cars and commercial vehicle and associated activities. 

Results and Dividend 
The results for the Year are set out in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. The Directors are not 
recommending the payment of a final dividend for the Year for the reasons set out in the Strategic Report. 

Business Review and Future Developments 
The review of the business and likely future developments is included within the Strategic Report. This also includes details 
of acquisitions, disposals and growth plans for the future. 

Going Concern 
After making appropriate enquiries, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources 
to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future and for at least one year from the date of these financial 
statements. For these reasons, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in the preparation of these financial 
statements. Further details are set out in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements.  

Directors 
Details of the current directors are set out on pages 50 to 51. The directors who served during the Year and subsequently 
are detailed below. 

Non-Executive Directors 
Richard Parry-Jones  
Alan Ferguson 
Francesca Ecsery 
Nicky Dulieu (Appointed 1 January 2020) 
Kathy Jenkins 
Christopher Walkinshaw 

Executive Directors 
Daksh Gupta 
Richard Blumberger 

No other Directors held office during the Year or have been appointed subsequently. 

In accordance with the Articles of Association of the Company adopted on 12 March 2015 (the “Articles”), having been 
last elected at the 2018 annual general meeting, Daksh Gupta will retire by rotation and will offer himself for reappointment 
at the annual general meeting to be held on 20 May 2021 (the “AGM”). 

The interests of the Directors and their immediate families in the share capital of the Company, along with details of 
Directors share options and awards, are contained in the Directors’ Remuneration Report on pages 86 to 89. 

Directors’ insurance and indemnities  
The Directors have the benefit of the indemnity provisions contained in the Company’s Articles and the Company has 
maintained, throughout the Year, Directors’ and Officers’ liability insurance for the benefit of the Company, the Directors 
and its officers. The Company has entered into qualifying third party indemnity arrangements for the benefit of all its 
Directors in a form and scope which comply with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and which were in force 
throughout the Year and remain in force. 

Share Capital 
The authorised and issued share capital of the Company, together with the details of shares issued during the Year, are 
shown in Note 28 to the consolidated financial statements. The issued share capital of the Company as at 31 December 
2020 was 78,232,237 ordinary shares of 64p each.

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Substantial Shareholdings 
As at 8 March 2021, the Company had been notified of interests in excess of 3 per cent in the Company’s share capital 
by the following shareholders: 

                                                                                                                                                                          Percentage of  Existing 
Name                                                                                                   Number of  Ordinary Shares                       Ordinary Shares Held 

Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) Limited                                                                        50,390,625                                                64.41% 

Union Investments and Development Limited                                                                    7,105,839                                                  9.08% 

Janus Henderson Investors                                                                                                 4,185,400                                                  5.35% 

Schroder Investment Management                                                                                     3,037,402                                                  3.88% 

Tellworth Investments                                                                                                          2,732,913                                                  3.49% 

Share Option Schemes 
Details of employee share option schemes are set out in the Remuneration Committee Report and in Note 29 to the 
consolidated financial statements. 

Charitable and Political Donations 
During the Year, the Group made the following charitable donations during the Year: £30,000 (2019: £44,803). 

No political contributions were made during the Year (2019: £nil). 

Disabled Employees 
The Group gives full consideration to applications for employment from disabled persons where the candidate’s particular 
aptitude and abilities are consistent with adequately meeting the requirements of the job. Opportunities are available to 
disabled employees for training, career development and promotion. Where existing employees become disabled, it is 
the Group’s policy to provide continuing employment wherever practicable in the same or an alternative position and to 
provide appropriate training to achieve this aim. 

Employee Involvement 
During the Year of the Group has continued to provide employees with information about the Group through the newsletters 
‘Marshall Matters’ and ‘Compliance Matters’, team briefings and through the Group wide email distribution. Regular 
meetings are held between local management and employees to allow a free flow of information and ideas. We also 
participate in the Great Place to Work Institute’s employee engagement programme. For the 2020 survey, the participation 
rate remained high at 84% and the Group was once again included in the “Best UK Super Large Workplace” rankings for 
the sixth year in succession. Further details are set out in the Corporate Social Responsibility Section of this Annual Report. 

Financial Risk Management 
Details of the Company’s principal financial instruments, its exposure to price, credit, liquidity and cash flow risks, together 
with details of the its financial risk management policies, processes and systems, are set out in Note 26 to the consolidated 
financial statements.  

Anti-Bribery and Corruption 
The Group has in place an anti-bribery and corruption policy, the aim of which is to ensure that colleagues understand 
their obligations under anti-bribery legislation and includes authorisation and disclosure procedures around the provision 
and receipt of corporate hospitality and gifts. 

Disclosure of  Information to Auditor 
In so far as each of the persons who were Directors at the date of approving these financial statements is aware: 

•
•

There is no relevant audit information of which the Company’s Auditor is unaware; and 
Each Director has taken all steps that they ought to have taken to make themselves aware of any relevant audit 
information and to establish that the auditor is aware of that. 

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Annual General Meeting 
Notice of the AGM to be held on 20 May 2021 will be sent to shareholders in due course and will be made available on 
the Company’s website at www.mmhplc.com.  

Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting (SECR) 
Under the Companies (Directors’ Report) and Limited Liability Partnerships (Energy and Carbon Report) Regulations 2018 
(“the Regulations”), the Group is mandated to disclose its UK energy use and the associated greenhouse gas emissions 
relating to natural gas, electricity and transport fuel. In addition, publication of an intensity ratio as well the calculation 
methodology applied is required. 

Calculation Methodology  
Scope 1 and Scope 2 energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions data has been calculated in line with the 2019 
UK Government environmental reporting guidance. There were a number of instances, equating to 15.6% of the total 
reported consumption figures, where it was necessary to calculate some estimated consumption to achieve 100% data 
coverage. Emission Factor Databases consistent with the 2019 UK Government environmental reporting guidance have 
been used, utilising the current published kWh gross calorific value (CV) and tCO2e emissions factors relevant for reporting 
year. 

Results 
The table below shows the energy consumption and associated greenhouse gas emissions of the Group’s operations 
during the reporting year from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020. The calculations are for the following scope: 

•

•

Scope 1 consumption and emissions relate to the direct combustion of natural gas and fuels utilised for transportation 
operations, such as company vehicle fleets and grey fleet (i.e. vehicles owned and driven by employees for business 
purposes); and 
Scope 2 consumption and emissions relate to indirect emissions resulting from the consumption of purchased 
electricity in day-to-day business operations. 

Being the first year that the Group has been required to assess and report this information, the following figures constitute 
the baseline reporting for future assessments, though it is recognised that given the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, 
2020 was not wholly representative of a typical year. 

                                                                                                                                                                   2020 
                                                                                                                              Consumption                               Greenhouse  Gas 
                                                                                                                                           (kWh)                            Emissions (tCO2e) 

Grid supplied electricity  
(Scope 2)                                                                                                                            16,389,269                                                    3,821 

Gas and other fuels 
(Scope 1)                                                                                                                            18,303,801                                                    3,366 

Transport fuel 
(Scope 1)                                                                                                                            19,644,059                                                    4,726 

Total                                                                                                                                   54,337,129                                                  11,913 

Intensity Metric:  

tCO2e per £’m Revenue                                                                                                                                                                             5.53 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Energy Efficiency Improvements 
The Group is committed to year-on-year improvements in operational energy efficiency. 

All property construction and refurbishment programmes are developed to ensure improvements in energy efficiency and 
a reduction in consumption by using sustainable energy solutions where appropriate. 

Along with our brand partners the Group is investing in the installation of electrical vehicle (EV) charging points across the 
property estate. While this will not reduce the overall emissions of the Group, it demonstrates the Group’s support of the 
required decarbonisation of the transport sector. Through the planned installation of EV charging points, the Group will 
contribute to the growing infrastructure for electric vehicles through the UK. 

Measures Prioritised for Implementation in 2021 
1. Ongoing Compliance with Energy Reporting Legislation 
The Group is mandated to comply with the Energy Savings Opportunity Scheme (ESOS) and, as such, produces a 
summary of all available energy efficiency improvements on a four-year cycle. This will be completed again in line with the 
2023 Phase 3 compliance deadline. Recommendations found within the Phase 2 reporting are being reviewed and will be 
acted on where practical. 

Upon normalisation of operations following the COVID-19 pandemic, the implementation of ongoing training in energy 
conservation and sustainability awareness is being considered for all employees across the Group. 

2. Energy and Environment Strategy 
The Group are working towards implementing an Energy and Environment strategy that ensures ongoing energy and 
carbon reductions over the coming years in line with the UK’s 2050 net zero targets. 

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By order of the Board 

Stephen Jones 
Company Secretary 
8 March 2021 

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Striving to have a 
positive impact on the 
communities in which 
we serve.

Our people  
are our heroes

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Corporate and Social Responsibility

Community

Marshall Making a Difference 
Our values underpin what we stand for as a business and 
give  clear  definition  on  how  we  behave.  We  encourage 
colleagues  to  make  a  difference  to  each  other  and  our 
customers which we believe is what makes Marshall special. 
Whilst  our  focus  is  creating  an  environment  where 
colleagues enjoy coming to work and achieving our business 
objectives, we also believe it is important to give back to our 
communities and the environment in which we live. 

Group Giving 
There  are  certain  good  causes  which  we  consistently 
support  across  our  business  each  year.  Despite  the 
pandemic we continued our fundraising activities, mindful 
that more than ever these causes needed our support. 

We have been actively involved in supporting and raising 
awareness  for  the  Motor  and Allied  Trades  Benevolent 
Fund (‘Ben’) since 1984. Ben is the UK’s dedicated charity 
for those who work, or have worked, in the automotive and 
related industries, as well as their dependents. During this 
time, we have raised over £1 million, which includes the 
generous donations our colleagues make via payroll giving 
and  various  fundraising  activities.  CEO,  Daksh  Gupta, 
became a Trustee and Vice Chairman in October 2012 and 
remains committed to these roles and the purpose of the 
charity. 

One of the key Ben campaigns during 2020 was Hats on 
4 Ben which, in addition to fundraising, raises awareness 
for mental health – an important subject which became 
even more so in 2020. The other was the Xmas Do-nation 
where  automotive  companies  had  the  opportunity  to 
donate some or all of the funds they would have ordinarily 
spent on Christmas parties. We got behind both of these 
campaigns and contributed to their success. 

We  have  supported  the  Macmillan  Coffee  Mornings  for 
24 years enabling our businesses to get involved at a local 
level,  bringing  colleagues  and  customers  together.  We 
have  raised  over  £100,000  for  Macmillan  during  this 
period, which is a wonderful effort. Despite the pandemic 
we  hosted  a  virtual  2020  coffee  morning  raising  over 
£4,000. 

During 2020 we also supported Sport Relief, Wear it Pink 
for Breast Cancer, Christmas Jumper Day for Save the 
Children as well as supporting World Mental Health Day. 
These events are always a lot of fun and, as well as the 
fundraising,  gives  rich  and  inspirational  content  for  our 
social media channels to showcase our people and the 
personality of the business. 

Local Giving 
Colleagues  are  encouraged  to  get  involved  with  good 
causes which support the communities in which they work. 
In  2020  our  colleagues,  many  whilst  furloughed,  did 
amazing things to help people affected by the pandemic 
as well as other good causes. We call them our Marshall 
Heroes  and  have  so  many  examples  of  their  incredible 
efforts, here are just a small sample: 
• Volunteering  for  the  NHS,  Age  Concern  and  local 

hospices. 

• Doing shopping and exercise classes for neighbours. 
• Collecting  Easter  Eggs  from  local  supermarkets  and 

donating to children’s hospital. 

• Teams donating food for local food banks. 
• Designing and selling T-shirts for the NHS. 
• Keeping key workers mobile and on the road. 
• Sending food parcels into dealerships for colleagues still 

working. 

• Call  of  Duty  gaming  marathon  for  Macmillan  Cancer 

Support. 

• Numerous  virtual  charity  sporting  challenges  from 

running to swimming to triathlons. 

Note:  ‘Services  in  the  Community’  is  one  of  the  categories 
recognised  as  part  of  our  Marshall  Achievement,  Values  and 
Teamwork Awards (MAVTAs) and also supports our Great Place to 
Work ® ethos. 

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Committed to 
attracting, developing 
and retaining the best 
talent to help drive our 
business forward in 
line with our values.

Living our values since 1909

Recognising that 
people are at the 
heart of our success

Maintaining competitive 
edge through innovation 
and creativity

Putting our  
customers 
above all else

Upholding the 
highest standards of 
integrity and fairness

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Marshall People

Our Values 
We  seek  to  ensure  our  values  are  at  the  forefront  of 
everything we do. We encourage colleagues to uphold these 
values and behave in a way that keeps them present and 
supports our culture of being a great place to work whilst 
delivering first class customer service. Our people are what 
make our business special. 

Recruiting, Retaining and Developing our People 
We have a clear Colleague Value Proposition to attract the 
best talent and support our strategy to be an employment 
destination.  We  use  a  range  of  tools  and  assessment 
methods  to  ensure  we  recruit  people  who  can  not  only 
deliver their objectives in line with our values and business 
strategy but contribute to our values-based culture and great 
place to work ethos. 

Our  dedicated  team  of  HR  professionals  support  the 
business,  aided  by  policies  and  practices  to  ensure  we 
provide the best support, benefits and career opportunities 
to our colleagues. 

Our bespoke Marshall Learning & Development Academy 
provides  opportunities  for  our  colleagues  to  realise  their 
potential and support their development to ensure they have 
a fulfilling career with us. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we 
have continued to invest in the development of our colleagues 
by  adapting  our  content  to  enable  us  to  deliver  training 
virtually. This has also meant we have been able to train our 
colleagues  even  when  furloughed  so  that  their  skills  are 
maintained and their engagement levels have remained high.  

Recognising our People 
Our recognition programmes are designed to support our 
colleague engagement agenda. These programmes include 
long  service  recognition,  awards  for  demonstrating  our 
values and creative local recognition to thank and celebrate 
achievement. 

Our MAVTA programme (Marshall Achievement, Values and 
Teamwork Awards) recognises colleagues who demonstrate 
outstanding achievements in Customer Service, Teamwork, 
Innovation,  Leadership,  Services  in  the  Community, 
Business Excellence and Environmental. 

Communicating with our People 
Communication  is  our  key  to  maintaining  colleague 
engagement and our employment brand. We have an ethos 
of  transparency  and  sharing  news  on  a  regular  basis 
including  CEO  communications,  weekly  bulletins,  our 
Colleague magazine, intranet, regular team meetings and 
engaging social media channels. With the challenges 2020 
brought,  our  CEO  and  senior  team  did  twice  weekly 
colleague  update  videos,  during  lockdown  1,  to  ensure 
everyone received regular communications to keep them 
informed, entertained and connected. As well as sharing 
how  we  were  navigating  the  business  through  the 
unprecedented  circumstances  we  ran  competitions,  did 
shout outs and even colleagues made music videos 

In addition to the videos, we created an online Colleague 
Hub, again to keep colleagues informed, entertained and 
connected. As well as lots of information about COVID-19, 
furlough and the job retention scheme, there was a section 
dedicated  to  Health  &  Wellbeing  along  with  lots  of  fun 
sections from quizzes and competitions to stuff to keep the 
children busy and showcasing our Marshall Heroes.

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the 

Wellbeing and our People 
The  pandemic  magnified 
importance  of 
wellbeing both mental, physical and financial. Our 
first  priority  was  the  safety  of  our  colleagues  and 
customers.  We  developed  a  COVID-19  training 
programme  which  every  colleague  completed, 
requiring a 100% pass mark, ahead of returning to 
work after the first lockdown and remains in place to 
all new colleagues who join us. We have invested 
large  sums  of  money  ensuring  our  sites  are 
COVID-19 secure, making a safe environment for 
our  colleagues.  Examples  of  which  are  every 
business has the appropriate signage and PPE and 
we  have 
reconfigured  our  dealerships  and 
workshops to ensure colleague and customer safety. 
Our  Health,  Safety  &  Environment  (“HSE”)  Team 
conduct regular virtual audits to ensure our COVID-19 
Secure Protocols are maintained at all times. 

Mental health has been a particular focus area. We 
have run various awareness campaigns, along with 
our senior team doing several videos reinforcing our 
‘it’s  okay  not  to  be  okay’  message  and  reminding 
everyone  that  we  have  two  colleague  assistance 
programmes in place to support them should they 
need it. 

To  support  physical  health  we  shared  tips  and 
information on keeping active on our Colleague Hub 
along  with  launching  a  Cycle  to  Work  scheme  to 
encourage  getting  active  whilst  helping 
the 
environment. 

Finally, to help with financial wellbeing, we launched 
our  Pay  it  Forward  Scheme  giving  colleagues  the 
opportunity  to  take  an  interest  free  loan.  Plus  our 
CFO shared money saving tips. 

Diversity and our People 
We  are  committed  to  encouraging  diversity  and 
ensuring  that  discrimination  has  no  place  in  our 
business. We want every colleague to feel respected 
and able to perform to the best of their ability. We do 
not  make  assumptions  about  a  person’s  ability  to 
carry out their duties based on ethnic origin, gender, 
sexual  orientation,  marital  status,  religion  or  other 
philosophical beliefs, age or disability. 

We expect all our colleagues to act with integrity and 
behave ethically in everything they do. To reinforce 

this, we have the Marshall Code of Conduct which is 
supported by an online programme which forms part 
of every new colleague’s induction. 

Our CEO is a patron of the Automotive 30% Club and 
we  continue  to  support  their  campaigns  and 
initiatives  to  drive  a  gender-balanced  business. 
Marshall volunteers got involved with the Inspiring 
Automotive Women Day which raises awareness of 
our industry and the career paths available and is 
aimed at female students. We also did a webinar for 
female students with tips on getting ready for new life 
experiences and thinking ahead for their future.  

Engaging our People 
Our  employment  policies  and  practices  are 
consistent with our values and culture, helping us to 
achieve our business objectives through engaged 
people. 

Since 2008 we have worked with the Great Place to 
Work® UK’s Best Workplaces programme. This has 
given us the opportunity to seek feedback from our 
colleagues  each  year 
levels  of 
engagement and drive continuous improvement. 

to  measure 

In 2020, despite the pandemic, we completed the 
survey achieving an amazing 84% response rate and 
a score above the UK benchmark for the eleventh 
year  running.  We  received  particularly  strong 
feedback on our leadership through the coronavirus 
crisis. We were also ranked as the twelfth Best UK 
Super Large Workplace and have now been ranked 
for six consecutive years. We believe the success of 
this programme is down to high engagement levels 
driven by our ability to listen, take action and care. 

In  recognition  of  our  colleague  engagement 
programmes  and  the  way  in  which  we  led  the 
business through the pandemic we were the proud 
recipients of the Motor Trader Employer of the Year 
Award. The crisis has brought about a strong sense 
of us ‘all being in it together’ and our colleagues have 
never been so involved and willing to help. Our CEO 
has  received  hundreds  of  emails  from  colleagues 
offering support, sharing ideas and commending the 
business  on  how 
it  has  dealt  with  such 
unprecedented circumstances. 

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Marshall Embracing Safety

Health and safety has always been led from the top and 2020 has been no exception. Following the 
outbreak of the COVID-19 virus in early February 2020, the HSE Team has worked alongside the Senior 
Leadership Team in order to ensure an industry leading, consistent and conscientious approach was 
taken in response to the rapidly changing global pandemic. 

In response to the pandemic, the health and safety of our colleagues has been our number one priority. 
Our approach has been rigorous, consistent and without compromise as we rapidly established HSE 
alerts  across  the  business  with  direction  and  information  on  all  aspects  of  safety  including  hygiene 
standards, social distancing and symptom checking. A confidential email address was set up to enable 
colleagues to contact the senior team directly with any concerns or suggestions.  COVID-19 Standards 
and Protocols, which documents the control measures to be followed by all colleagues, formed the basis 
of our virtual training that went to every colleague with a 100-question assessment requiring a 100% 
pass mark to illustrate their understanding of the standards required to keep our colleagues safe. 

Since reopening the businesses in June 2020 after the initial national lockdown, the HSE Team have 
conducted regular virtual audits, accompanied by the Senior Leadership Team, to ensure the on-going 
implementation and maintenance of our COVID-19 standards and protocols. As always our business 
have risen to the challenge. 

In  2020,  we  continued  to  grow  and  develop  our  HSE  Team  with  additional  resource  in  line  with  the 
growth of the business. We have embraced technology to enable the team to continue remote audits to 
compliment physical site audits. Our support team in Cambridge are also on hand to provide support 
and direction to all sites by continually reviewing and improving our policies and procedures in line with 
our  activities,  as  well  as  supporting  and  advising  managers  to  assist  them  in  fulfilling  their  HSE 
responsibilities. As a result of this continued support, engagement across the business remains high.  

Throughout  the  Year,  we  have  continued  to  support  those  colleagues  in  our  business  who  have 
volunteered to fulfill the role of First Aiders and Fire Wardens. As our fire warden training is conducted 
on-line,  we  have  been  able  to  continue  to  support  those  colleagues  whose  training  has  expired.  For 
those first aider colleagues we have worked closely with the third-party supplier to ensure that training 
courses are safe and COVID-19-secure for our colleagues to attend. Our HR Team have also completed 
mental  health  first  aid  training  and  is  supporting  colleagues  throughout  the  business  signposting 
professional support where required.  

As  a  team  we  have  continued  to  monitor,  investigate  and  report  all  incidents  and,  where  trends  are 
identified, an HSE Alert is created and shared with all colleagues. We track our Accident Frequency Rate 
(“AFR”) on a monthly and annual basis. The AFR is the measure of the number of accidents per million 
hours  worked.  The  Motor  Industry AFR  average  is  currently  set  at  14.2  (taken  from  HSE  document 
‘Injury frequency rates’). Our AFR for 2020 was 6.8. 

We continue to look for ways to improve our incident reporting and have projects set for 2021 to focus 
on further improving hazard spot and near miss reporting, which we know to be key to in the overall 
reduction of incidents. 

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Making Health & Safety 
an integral part of 
Marshall’s day to day 
operation.

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Health and Safety Statistics 2020 

                                                                                         2019           2020 
Total number of incidents                                              221             168 
Of which RIDDOR* reportable incidents                        13               10 
•    Fatalities                                                                             -                  - 
•    Specified Injuries                                                              6                 4 
•    Over 7 day absence                                                         3                 3 
•    Non workers (contractors, visitors, third parties)             1                  - 
•    Occupational disease                                                        -                  - 
•    Dangerous occurrences reported under RIDDOR*        3                 4 
Number of enforcement notices issued by HSE                   -                  - 
Number of prohibition notices issued by HSE                      -                  - 

*Reporting of Injuries, Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013

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Embracing our 
environmental 
responsibilities.

1,300 tonnes

Of waste diverted 
from landfill

SUBSTANCES 
Control of Substances 
Hazardous to  
Health (COSHH)

ENERGY 
Reducing  
energy  
consumption

RECYCLING 
Waste  
and  
recycling

Continually minimising the 
impact of our operational 
activities on the environment

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Marshall Going Green

We have continued throughout 2020 to build on our improvements from 2019, 
to develop and increase environmental awareness across the business. 

All of our new-build dealerships have been built to BREEAM "Very Good” 
rating. BREEAM is the world’s leading environmental assessment method for 
buildings  and  sets  the  standard  for  best  practice  in  sustainable  building 
design,  construction  and  operation  and  has  become  one  of  the  most 
comprehensive and widely recognised measures of a building’s environmental 
performance. 

At Marshall we take our duty of care responsibilities very seriously and as 
such  work  closely  with  our  approved  waste  contractor  to  provide  a 
comprehensive collection and processing service of our hazardous and non-
hazardous recyclable materials. 

In 2020, 98.08% of our hazardous waste materials, such as engine oil, lead 
acid batteries, rags and absorbents, were recycled and recovered which is a 
0.08% increase in hazardous waste materials recycled. This equates to over 
1,300 tons of waste that did not go to landfill. 

During 2020, 64.3% of our dry mixed recycling waste materials, such as paper, 
plastics, metals and cardboard, were recycled and recovered. This equates to 
over 1,500 tons of waste that did not go to landfill. 

We work with our Brand Partners on an annual basis to ensure compliance with 
The Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging Waste) Regulations the 
aim of which is to reduce the amount of packaging waste that ends up in landfill, 
and we work closely with water retailers and local water authorities to ensure 
that where our operations involve the discharge of waste water (for example, 
valeting), we have obtained the correct level of consent and that our actions do 
not cause pollution via surface water drainage and other water courses. 

Finally, in conjunction with the Environmental Protection Teams at various 
Local Councils across England, we ensure that we have the relevant permits 
in place under the Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 
2007 at those of our dealerships which have a Bodyshop, or where we have 
independent  Bodyshop  operations.  This  includes  undertaking  regular 
monitoring to ensure we remain compliant with the limits set within the permits. 

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Corporate Governance

PRINCIPLES OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
The Board recognises that applying sound governance principles in the running of the Group is essential in meeting the needs 
and protecting the interests of all stakeholder groups. The Group has, since its admission to AIM in April 2015, adopted the QCA 
Corporate Governance Code for Small and Mid-Size Quoted Companies. 

An explanation of how these principles are applied by the Group are set out in the table below and the remainder of this Corporate 
Governance Report. 

APPLICATION OF THE QCA CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 

QCA Principle                                    Application by the Group 

1. Establish a strategy and 
business model which 
promote long-term value for 
shareholders

The  Group’s  vision  is  to  be  the  UK’s  premier  automotive  retail  group.  This  vision  is 
underpinned by five strategic pillars set by the Board: class leading returns; customer first; 
retailing excellence; people-centric; and strategic growth. 

The Group’s business model and strategy are set out both in its AIM Admission document 
(which can be found on the Group’s website at www.mmhplc.com) and the Strategic Report 
section of this Annual Report. 

In addition, the principal risks and uncertainties identified by the Board to the successful 
delivery of the Group’s strategy, together with the principal controls in place to mitigate 
those risks, are set out on pages 40 to 45 of this Annual Report. The Board reviews the 
Group’s risk register at least twice a year as part of the annual and interim accounts 
processes. 

2. Seek to understand and 

meet shareholder needs and 
expectations

The Group is committed to maintaining good relations with all its shareholders through the 
provision of interim and annual reports, other trading statements and its Annual General 
Meeting (“AGM”). 

The  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  also  meet  with  the  Group’s 
institutional shareholders regularly to discuss the Group’s performance and business model 
and strategy and feedback from these meetings is reported to the Board. The Chairman 
also meets with key shareholders and the Senior Independent Director is also available to 
meet with shareholders if requested.  

Each Board member attends the AGM where investors are invited to formally and informally 
field questions and discuss their views with the Board. 

In light of Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) Limited’s (“MCHL”) aggregate shareholding in 
the Group, on Admission the Group entered into a Relationship Agreement (“Relationship 
Agreement”) with MCHL in order to regulate the relationship between MCHL and the Group 
and enable the Group to act independently of MCHL and its affiliates. Under the terms of 
this agreement, MCHL has the right, for so long as it owns 30% or more of the Ordinary 
Shares in the capital of the Company, to appoint two directors to the Board and one director 
to each of the committees of the Board, including the Audit, Remuneration and Nomination 
Committee. The Relationship Agreement will terminate in the event that MCHL ceases to 
own 30% or more of the ordinary shares in the capital of the Company. 

Further details of the Relationship Agreement can be found on page 13 of the Group’s AIM 
Admission Document. 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

QCA Principle                                    Application by the Group 

3. Take into account wider 
stakeholder and social 
responsibilities and their 
implications for long-term 
success

The Group recognises that its long-term success relies on maintaining and building strong 
relationships  with  its  various  stakeholders,  including  in  particular,  its  customers, 
shareholders, brand partners, suppliers and employees. 

In making decisions which are for the benefit of the members as a whole over the long term 
the Board also considers the interests of other key stakeholder groups as set out in the 
Section 172 Statement on pages 46 to 49. 

As a franchise partner to global automotive manufacturers, the Group is focused on building 
and maintaining excellent brand partner relationships. The Group’s recent success and 
growth has been based on strong and growing relationships with its brand partners. The 
Group has also invested in long-term strategic partnerships with other key suppliers, many 
of whom have worked with the Group over many years. 

The Group is committed to maintaining good employee relationships and employs a range 
of recruitment, communication and employee engagement initiatives designed to attract, 
recruit  and  retain  employees.  Further  details  of  the  Group’s  employee  engagement 
programme are set out in the Corporate and Social Responsibility section and in the ‘People 
Centric’ section of the Operating Review of this Annual Report. 

The Group’s participation in the Great Place to Work Institute’s Best Workplaces programme 
provides an effective means to seek feedback from colleagues each year and to measure 
levels of engagement and drive continuous improvement. 

The  Group  also  recognises  the  potential  impact  of  its  operations  on  the  environment. 
Examples of how the Group seeks to minimise that impact are set out in the Corporate and 
Social Responsibility section of this Annual Report on pages 56 to 65.

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4. Embed effective risk 

The principal elements of the Group’s system of internal control are set out on page 71. 

management considering 
both opportunities and 
threats, throughout the 
organisation

5. Maintain a well-functioning, 
balanced team led by the 
Chair

In addition, the principal risks and uncertainties the Board believes could have the most 
significant adverse impact on the Group’s business, together with the principal controls in 
place to mitigate those risks, are set out on pages 40 to 45. 

The Chair is responsible for leading the Board and its governance arrangements. 

The Group currently has eight directors, of which four are independent non-executives (being 
Richard Parry-Jones, Alan Ferguson, Nicky Dulieu and Francesca Ecsery). Details of the 
directors, including their roles, committee memberships, skills and experience are set out on 
pages 50 to 51 and their attendance record in the last financial year is set out on page 69. 

Details  of  the  Group’s  Board  Committees,  being  the Audit  Committee,  Remuneration 
Committee and Nomination Committee, are set out below. 

As stated above, under the terms of the Relationship Agreement, MCHL is entitled to appoint 
two nominated directors to the Board, so long as it holds 30% or more of the Company’s 
ordinary shares. Christopher Walkinshaw and Kathy Jenkins are the two nominated directors 
of MCHL. 

The Board is satisfied that it has a suitable balance between independence and knowledge 
of  the  Group  to  enable  it  to  discharge  its  duties  and  responsibilities  effectively.  The 
Nomination Committee is responsible for reviewing the Board’s balance and membership. 

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GOVERNANCE 

QCA Principle                                    Application by the Group 

6. Ensure that between them 
the Directors have the 
necessary up-to-date 
experience, skills and 
capabilities

Details of each Board member’s experience, skills and qualifications are set out on pages 50 
and 51 of this Annual Report. 

All  Directors  are  able  to  take  independent  professional  advice,  if  necessary,  at  the 
Company’s expense. In addition, the Directors have direct access to the advice and services 
of the Company Secretary, a qualified solicitor.

7. Evaluation of  Board 

performance

The Non-Executive Directors meet more than once each financial year without the presence 
of the Executive Directors, during which the performance of Executive Directors is assessed, 
and once without the presence of the Chairman (to assess the performance of the Chairman). 

8. Promote a culture based on 

ethical values and 
behaviours

9. Maintain governance 

structures and processes 
that are fit for purpose and 
support good decision-
making by the Board

10. Communicate how the 

Group is governed and is 
performing by maintaining 
a dialogue with 
shareholders and other 
relevant stakeholders

The  Board  concluded  a  formal  Board  evaluation  process  in  2020  during  which  the 
effectiveness of the Board was reviewed and discussed and the development and mentoring 
needs of the Group’s management team was considered. The Board identified areas to 
improve the effectiveness of the Board including the identification of Non-Executive Directors 
to act as ‘stakeholder champions’ to ensure the Board was considering all stakeholder groups 
(including customers, colleagues, business suppliers and partners, investors and society). 

The  Group  has  clear  and  defined  values  based  on  people,  innovation,  integrity  and 
customers. 

These values are embedded in the Group’s internal systems and controls (including its 
whistleblowing, anti-corruption and modern slavery policies) and in its HR policies. 

Further details of our approach to embedding these values are set out in the Corporate and 
Social Responsibility section of this Annual Report. 

Details  of  the  Group’s  principal  governance  structures,  including  the  Board  and  its 
committees are set out below. In addition, pages 72 to 81 contain reports from the Audit and 
Remuneration Committees which set out their key areas of responsibility and activities. 

The Board considers that the Group’s governance structures and processes are fit for 
purpose and support good decision making by the Board. 

The Group communicates with shareholders through its Annual Report and Accounts, 
annual and interim announcements, the AGM and individual meetings with shareholders. 
Key  corporate  information  (including  all  Group  announcements  and  presentations)  is 
available on the Group’s website at www.mmhplc.com. 

The Board receives regular updates on shareholders’ views through briefings from the Chief 
Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and the Group’s brokers. In addition, both the 
Chairman and the Senior Independent Director are available to meet on an ad hoc basis 
with the Group’s principal shareholders. 

The Group communicates with its institutional investors through briefings with management 
at least twice a year, coinciding with the Group’s annual and interim results and at other 
times during the Year. In addition, analysts’ notes and brokers’ briefings are reviewed to 
provide insight into investors’ views of the Group, its strategy and performance. 

Whilst social distancing measures impacted the Group’s ability to attend physical meetings 
with shareholders, institutional investors and other relevant stakeholders during the Year, 
the successful and efficient use of technology, such as video conferencing, has enabled the 
Group  to  maintain,  and  even  increase,  the  frequency  of  its  engagement  with  such 
stakeholders. The Group is hoping to be in a position to hold its 2021 Annual General 
Meeting with shareholders attending in person.

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

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THE BOARD 
The table below sets out details of all Directors who have served during the Year and their membership of Board Committees. 
This includes details of each member’s attendance at the ten board meetings held during the Year. There are separate attendance 
statements in respect of the Audit and Remuneration Committees on pages 73 and 86.  

Director

Date appointed

Role

Committees
(C = current chair)

2020 Board  
attendance 

Richard Parry-Jones 1 January 2019

Non-Executive Chairman

Nomination Committee (C)

Alan Ferguson

11 March 2015

Senior Independent Director

Francesca Ecsery

25 March 2015

Independent Non-Executive

Nicky Dulieu

1 January 2020

Independent Non-Executive

Christopher 
Walkinshaw*

12 July 2016

Non-Executive

Kathy Jenkins *

23 May 2018

Non-Executive

Audit Committee (C) 
Remuneration Committee  
Nomination Committee

Audit Committee
Remuneration Committee  
Nomination Committee 

Remuneration Committee (C) 
Audit Committee 
Nomination Committee 

Audit Committee
Nomination Committee

Remuneration Committee 
Nomination Committee  

Daksh Gupta

1 October 2008

Chief Executive Officer

Richard Blumberger 2 January 2019

Chief Financial Officer

n/a

n/a

10/10 

10/10 

10/10 

10/10 

10/10 

10/10 

10/10 

10/10 

* Christopher Walkinshaw and Kathy Jenkins are nominated directors of  Marshall of  Cambridge (Holdings) Limited. 

In light of national social distancing requirements during the Year, Board and Committee meetings from April 2020 were held via 
video conference. This did not impact the effectiveness of Board or Committee meetings or the ability of Directors to contribute 
to such meetings and, given the time efficiency of such meetings, it is envisaged that the use of video conference for some 
meetings will be continued. 

Board decisions are generally on matters of strategy (including acquisitions and disposals), policy, people, performance, budgets 
and significant capital expenditure. Each Director receives information on matters to be discussed (including Board reports from 
the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Company Secretary) in advance of each Board meeting to ensure that 
there is a full debate at Board level and, in particular, so that the Non-Executive Directors can contribute fully. 

The Board has approved terms of reference for all Board Committees. 

All Directors have access to independent professional advice, if they have the need to seek it. There is an induction process for 
new Directors and training is available when required. 

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Chairman, Chief  Executive Officer and Senior Independent Director 
Richard Parry-Jones is Non-Executive Chairman and the Chief Executive Officer is Daksh Gupta. There is a formal division of 
responsibilities between the Chairman and the Chief Executive Officer. The Senior Independent Director is Alan Ferguson. 

Re-appointment of  Directors 
Daksh Gupta, having last been elected at the 2018 Annual General Meeting, will retire by rotation in accordance with the Articles 
of Association of the Company and will offer himself for reappointment at the 2021 Annual General Meeting. 

BOARD COMMITTEES 
Nomination Committee 
The Company has established a Nomination Committee which comprises Richard Parry-Jones (Chair of the Committee), Alan 
Ferguson, Nicky Dulieu, Francesca Ecsery, Christopher Walkinshaw and Kathy Jenkins. 

The Nomination Committee is responsible for reviewing the structure, size and composition of the Board, preparing a description 
of the role and capabilities required for a particular appointment and identifying and nominating candidates to fill Board positions 
as and when they arise.  

Audit Committee 
The Company has established an Audit Committee, which comprises Alan Ferguson (Chair of the Committee), Nicky Dulieu, 
Francesca Ecsery and Christopher Walkinshaw. Further information on the Audit Committee is set out on pages 72 to 77. 

Remuneration Committee 
The Company has established a Remuneration Committee which comprises Nicky Dulieu (Chair of the Committee from 1 January 
2020), Alan Ferguson, Francesca Ecsery and Kathy Jenkins. Further information on the Remuneration Committee is set out on 
pages 78 to 81. 

RELATIONS WITH SHAREHOLDERS 
The Group is committed to maintaining good relations with all its shareholders through the provision of Interim and Annual Reports, 
other trading statements and the Annual General Meeting. The Group also meets with its institutional shareholders regularly. 

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING 
The Annual General Meeting provides an opportunity for all shareholders to be updated on the Group’s progress and ask questions 
of the Board. 

FINANCIAL REPORTING 
The Board has ultimate responsibility for both the preparation of accounts and the monitoring of systems of internal financial 
control. The Board seeks to present a fair, balanced and understandable assessment of the Group’s position and its prospects 
and present price-sensitive information in an appropriate way.

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

INTERNAL CONTROL 
The Board has ultimate responsibility for the Group’s system of internal control and for reviewing its effectiveness. However, any 
such system of internal control can provide only reasonable, but not absolute, assurance against material misstatement or loss. 
The Board considers that the internal controls in place are appropriate for the size, complexity and risk profile of the Group. 

The principal elements of the Group’s internal control system include: 

• management of the day-to-day activities of the Group by the Executive Directors; aided by the Group’s bespoke management 

information system, Phoenix 2; 

an organisational structure with defined levels of responsibility; 

a forecasting process at each quarter end; 

an annual budgeting process which is approved by the Board; 

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detailed weekly and monthly reporting of performance against budget and the prior year; 

central control over key areas such as capital expenditure authorisation, contracts and financing facilities; 

formal accounting policies and procedures which are regularly reviewed and publicised in the business; 

an Internal Audit Department which monitors compliance of Group processes and procedures and whose programme of 
work is overseen by the Audit Committee; and 

a Compliance Department to assess and monitor the Group’s compliance with its regulatory responsibilities with a particular 
focus on compliance with FCA and data protection requirements. 

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

The Group continues to review its system of internal control to ensure compliance with best practice, whilst also having regard 
to its size and the resources available. 

The principal risks and uncertainties identified by the Board are set out on pages 40 to 45. 

By order of the Board 

Stephen Jones 
Company Secretary 
8 March 2021

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GOVERNANCE 

Audit Committee Report 

Alan Ferguson 
Senior Independent Director and 
Chair of the Audit Committee 

I am pleased to present my annual report to shareholders as 
Chair of the Audit Committee. 

When I was preparing my report at this time last year few 
would  have  predicted  the  circumstances  that  we  all  faced 
during  2020.  This  financial  year  has  provided  unique 
operational issues for the Group against a backdrop of an 
unstable  and  deteriorating  economic  environment.  This 
situation,  coupled  with  the  uncertainty  arising  from  the 
elongated trade negotiations with the European Union, has 
presented  management  with  challenges  in  respect  of  risk 
management,  the  internal  control  environment  and  the 
accounting judgements upon which the Annual Report and 
Accounts are based. 

The Committee has provided support in managing those risks, 
and an oversight of the accounting judgements, through its 
review of the work of the Internal Audit and Risk Function and 
the  External  Auditor,  and  the  consideration  of  the  papers 
presented by management covering key accounting matters. 
Further details of this work and the conclusions reached are 
set out in the remainder of this report. 

Key Purpose of  the Audit Committee 
The Audit Committee provides effective governance over the 
appropriateness of the Group’s financial reporting and the 
performance  of  both  the  Internal  Audit  Function  and  the 
External Auditor. The Audit Committee also supports the Board 
in  meeting  its  responsibilities  in  respect  of  overseeing  the 
Group’s internal control systems, business risk management 
and related compliance activities. 

Audit Committee Responsibilities 
The main responsibilities of the Audit Committee are: 

• Monitoring the integrity of the financial statements of the 
Group, including the Interim Report and Accounts and the 
formal 
Annual  Report  and  Accounts,  and  other 
announcements  relating 
financial 
performance; 

the  Group’s 

to 

•

•

Considering whether the Annual Report and Accounts, 
taken as a whole, is fair, balanced and understandable 
and provides the information necessary for shareholders 
to assess the Group’s financial position and performance, 
business model and strategy; 

Reviewing  and  reporting  to  the  Board  on  significant 
financial  reporting  issues,  estimates  and  judgements 

72

having  regard  to  matters  communicated  to  it  by 
management  and  the  External Auditor.  Details  of  the 
significant  accounting 
judgements,  estimates  and 
assumptions  are  set  out  below  and  in  Note  4  to  the 
consolidated financial statements; 

•

Reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of the Group’s 
internal financial controls and risk management systems; 

• Monitoring and reviewing the effectiveness of the Internal 
Audit Function and approving the annual plan of work to 
be conducted by the Internal Audit Function; 

•

•

Reviewing the External Auditor’s audit plan, nature and 
scope of work, and the overall summary of key issues and 
judgements; 

Assessing  the  effectiveness  of  the  External  Auditor, 
including the appropriateness and skills of the audit team 
and the quality of the services provided; 

• Making recommendations to the Board in relation to the 
appointment of the External Auditor, including verifying 
the independence of the External Auditor, putting the audit 
out to tender and approving any non-audit services to be 
provided by the External Auditor; and 

•

Reviewing  arrangements 
to  raise 
concerns, in confidence, about possible wrongdoing in 
financial reporting or other matters. 

for  employees 

Audit Committee Members and Meetings 
The Audit Committee comprises myself, Francesca Ecsery, 
Christopher Walkinshaw and Nicky Dulieu. With the exception 
of Christopher Walkinshaw, due to his position as a nominated 
director  of  Marshall  of  Cambridge  (Holdings)  Limited,  all 
members  of  the  Audit  Committee  are  considered  to 
be independent. 

The  members  of  the Audit  Committee,  through  their  other 
business activities have a wide range of commercial, financial 
and  internal  control  expertise.  The  biographies  of  each 
member of the Audit Committee are set out on pages 50 to 
51. In particular I am a Chartered Accountant with many years’ 
experience  working  in  finance,  I  was  the  Group  Finance 
Director at Inchcape plc for 6 years and have served on the 
boards of a number of other large companies throughout my 
career both as a Finance Director and as an Audit Committee 
Chair.  I  am  currently  the  Chair  of  the Audit  Committee  of 
AngloGoldAshanti, listed in Johannesburg and New York. 

Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

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It is, therefore, considered that the Audit Committee has the 
necessary  skills  and  experience  to  effectively  fulfil  its 
responsibilities. 

The Audit Committee has an annual agenda of matters to be 
considered and is scheduled to meet three times each year 
and at any other time when the circumstances require. The 
scheduled  meetings  coincide  with  the  key  events  in  the 
Group’s financial reporting calendar.  

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2020  the  Audit 
Committee met three times. Each member’s attendance at 
those meetings is set out below: 

Committee 
Member

Role

Attendance 
Record 

Alan Ferguson

Chair of the Audit Committee

Nicky Dulieu

Non-Executive Director

Francesca Ecsery Non-Executive Director

Christopher  
Walkinshaw

Non-Executive Director

3/3 

3/3 

3/3 

3/3 

Following the year end and up to the date of this report there 
have been two meetings of the Audit Committee which were 
attended by all members of the Audit Committee. 

Audit Committee meetings are also attended, at the discretion 
and  invitation  of  the  Chair  of  the Audit  Committee,  by  the 
Chairman, a Non-Executive Director (not on the Committee), 
Executive Directors, the Head of Audit and Risk, the Head of 
Group Finance and representatives of the Group’s External 
Auditor. 

Activities during the Period 
During the period since the last Annual Report and Accounts 
and the date of this report, the Audit Committee has: 

•

•

•

•

reviewed the key accounting judgements and estimates 
and the going concern assessment in connection with the 
Annual  Report  and  Accounts  and  the  Interim  Report 
and Accounts;  

completed a tender process for the Group’s external audit 
services, further details of which are set out below; 

reviewed and approved the External Auditor’s audit plan 
including 
fee  and  statement  of 
independence; 

the  proposed 

reviewed the Audit Quality Review (AQR) report prepared 
by the Financial Reporting Council (“FRC”) on the 2019 
audit and discussed this both with EY, the Auditor at the 
time, and BDO, our current Auditor; 

•

•

•

•

•

•

reviewed non-audit fees paid to the External Auditor in the 
year ended 31 December 2020; 

reviewed and approved the proposal that certain of the 
Group’s subsidiary companies be exempt from audit under 
the provisions of S479A of the Companies Act 2006; 

and 

approved the programme of work for the Internal Audit 
Function 
and 
recommendations  arising  from  the  internal  audits 
conducted during the year ended 31 December 2020 and 
up to the date of this report; 

considered 

findings 

the 

reviewed the Group’s arrangement to enable employees to 
confidentially raise concerns about possible improprieties. 
These include the use of an independent organisation to 
provide a confidential ‘whistle-blowers’ hotline; 

reviewed 
the  published  Payment  Practices  and 
Performance  Report  and  discussed  the  action  plans 
identified to improve some areas of performance; and 

reviewed and agreed the Group Tax Strategy which can 
be found at https://www.mmhplc.com/investors/corporate-
governance. 

In addition to receiving written reports from the External Auditor 
and from management, the Audit Committee has also had 
private meetings with the External Auditor and the Head of 
Audit and Risk. These meetings provide the opportunity for 
open  discussion  and  feedback  on  the  audit  process,  the 
responsiveness of management and the effectiveness of both 
internal and external audit teams. 

In addition, as Chair of the Audit Committee, I also meet with 
the  external  and  internal  auditors  separately  to  the 
formal meetings. 

Significant issues Considered by the Audit Committee 
during the Year End 
The Audit Committee considered the significant matters set 
out below during the course of the financial year and as part 
of the finalisation of the Annual Report and Accounts. In all 
cases,  papers  were  presented  to  the Audit  Committee  by 
management,  setting  out  the  relevant  facts,  material 
accounting estimates and the judgements associated with 
each item. The External Auditor also provided a paper setting 
out  analysis  and  conclusions  on  each  area  of  judgement, 
amongst other matters. 

The Audit Committee discussed the papers with management 
and the External Auditor. For each area of judgement, the 
Audit Committee concurred with the treatment adopted and 
any  relevant  disclosure  presented  in  the  Annual  Report 
and Accounts.

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Issue Considered                                                          Audit Committee’s Review and Conclusions 

Assessment of  the carrying value of  goodwill 
and intangible assets and the carrying value of  
investments in subsidiaries 
As  disclosed  in  Note  14  ‘Goodwill  and  Other 
Intangible  Assets’  to  the  consolidated  financial 
statements, the Group has goodwill and indefinite-
life  intangible  assets  arising  from  acquisitions  of 
businesses totalling £118.9m. 

Within the company accounts for Marshall Motor 
Holdings plc there are investments in subsidiaries 
totalling £154.7m. 

These  assets  and  investments  are  assessed  for 
impairment  at  least  annually  or  more  frequently 
where there are indicators of impairment. 

The valuation and impairment review of goodwill and 
acquisition intangible assets is assessed for each 
individual cash-generating unit (CGU) and involves 
comparing the carrying value of the asset with its 
recoverable amount (the higher of value-in-use and 
fair value less costs of disposal). 

The valuation and impairment review of investments 
in subsidiaries is assessed for each legal entity or 
group of legal entities to which an investment relates 
and involves comparing the carrying value of the 
investment with its recoverable amount (the higher 
of value-in-use and fair value less costs to sell). 

Value-in-use  is  determined  with  reference  to 
projected  future  cash  flows  discounted  at  an 
appropriate rate. 

Both the cash flows and the discount rate involve a 
significant degree of estimation uncertainty as well 
as  judgemental  assessments  of  the  future  brand 
performance of individual vehicle manufacturers. 

Valuation of  inventory 
As disclosed in Note 18 ‘Inventories’ the Group holds 
inventory totalling £362.9m. 

At each reporting period the Group assess the value 
of  the  inventory.  This  assessment  requires  the 
application of judgement and experience to assess 
and make reasonable assumptions to determine the 
net  realisable  value  of  the  inventory  held  by 
the Group. 

The Audit Committee notes that as a consequence of the COVID-19 
pandemic assessing the medium-term performance of the Group’s CGUs 
presents a more substantial judgement than in prior reporting periods. 

The Audit Committee has considered papers prepared by management 
detailing the assumptions and methodology applied to assess the carrying 
value of goodwill. 

The assumptions underpinning the review of the carrying value of goodwill 
were considered by the Audit Committee. 

The cash flow forecasts used in the review were derived from the most 
recent budgets which have been reviewed and approved by the Board 
and the longer-term business plans of the Group. In developing the cash 
flow  forecasts  management  prepared  and  presented  a  number  of 
alternative  scenarios  related  to  the  depth  of  the  current  economic 
downturn as a result of the pandemic and the speed and sustainability of 
any subsequent recovery. 

The Audit Committee concurs with the assessment made by management 
in respect of this matter, the £0.2m impairment charge recorded in respect 
of the goodwill for the Vauxhall CGU, and the disclosures provided in 
Note 14. 

In addition, the Audit Committee concurs with the assessment made by 
management and the £2.3m impairment charge in respect of the carrying 
value  of  investments  in  subsidiaries  within  the  company  accounts  of 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc.

The Audit Committee notes that, due to the various lockdown measures 
taken  to  address  the  COVID-19  pandemic  and  the  wider  economic 
situation, assessing the realisable value of the inventory held by the Group 
is, due to the increased risk and uncertainty regarding the eventual sales 
prices of the inventory, a more substantial judgement than in prior reporting 
periods. This is particularly influenced by the fact that lockdown measures 
are continuing through a registration plate change month which can affect 
prices more than usual. 

The Audit Committee has considered papers prepared by management 
detailing the basis of valuation of the Group inventory in the context of 
external  industry  data,  the  age  and  composition  of  the  inventory,  the 
Group’s experience of the realisable value of such inventory, and the 
consistency of the assumptions applied. The Audit Committee concurs 
with the assessment made by management in respect of this matter.

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Issue Considered                                                          Audit Committee’s Review and Conclusions 

Presentation  of   Alternative  Performance 
Measures (“APMs”) 
The Group’s performance measures include some 
measures which are not defined or specified under 
IFRS  but  which  management  consider  are 
necessary for a user of the financial statements to 
obtain a full understanding of the performance of the 
Group. 

A reconciliation of the APMs to the IFRS measures 
is  provided 
the  Appendix  –  Alternative 
Performance Measures on page 170. 

in 

As described in the Financial Review on page 37 a 
reduced set of APMs has been presented in 2020.

Revenue recognition and manufacturer bonus 
recognition 
The Group’s core revenue streams are new and used 
vehicle sales, parts sales and servicing. The Group 
incentive 
also  derives 
arrangements  with  suppliers.  An  analysis  of  the 
Group’s revenue is presented in Note 5 ‘Segmental 
Information’. 

from  volume 

income 

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The Audit Committee has considered presentation of these additional 
measures in the context of the guidance issued by the FRC in relation to 
the use of APMs generally and, in particular, in respect of disclosing the 
impact  of  measures  taken  to  address  COVID-19,  challenge  from  the 
External  Auditor  and  the  requirement  that  such  measures  provide 
meaningful insight for shareholders into the results and financial position 
of the Group. 

The Committee spent some considerable time discussing the decision to 
leave all costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in underlying profit 
before tax. This was different to the treatment at the half year where some 
directly attributable costs were taken into non-underlying. The factors 
influencing this decision included a better understanding of the likely length 
of the pandemic, updated guidance from the FRC and a review of market 
practice. 

The Audit Committee concurs with the judgements made by management 
in respect of the presentation of the APMs.  

Furthermore, the Audit Committee is comfortable that clear and meaningful 
descriptions have been provided for the APMs used, that the relationship 
between these measures and the IFRS measures is clearly explained, that 
the IFRS measures are afforded equal prominence to the APMs, and that 
the APMs support a user’s understanding of the financial statements.

The Audit Committee has considered the work of the external and internal 
auditors in this area, with particular regard to sales cut-off and the value 
of volume rebates. 

The Audit Committee concurs with the assessment made by management 
that the Group’s revenue as presented is materially correct. 

Given  the  business  focus  on  sales  targets  and 
incentives and the complexity and varied nature of 
the supplier incentive schemes, together with the 
materiality of these revenues for the Group, revenue 
recognition  represents  an  area  of  focus  for  the 
Audit Committee.

Recognition  of   amounts  received  under  the 
Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (“CJRS”) 
As set out in in the Financial Review on pages 34 to 
39, the Group has received payments from the UK 
Government  to  cover  part  of  the  salary  costs  of 
colleagues who have been furloughed as a result of 
the various national and local restrictions put in place 
to reduce the spread of COVID-19.

The Audit Committee has considered papers prepared by management 
setting out the process used to prepare and validate the amounts claimed 
and recognised in the Annual Report and Accounts in respect of the CJRS. 

The Audit Committee concurs with the assessment made by management 
that  the  amounts  are  appropriately  recognised  and  disclosed  in  the 
financial statements.

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GOVERNANCE 

External Audit – Audit Quality Review 
The  audit  work  conducted  by  EY  for  the  year  ended 
31 December 2019 has been the subject of a review by the 
Audit Quality Review team of the FRC with a final report being 
issued in January 2021. I had a call with the FRC before the 
work commenced when we discussed, in particular, the scope 
of their work. In due course I plan to discuss with the FRC their 
findings and conclusions. 

The key finding from the review was that there was insufficient 
challenge  of  management  and  scepticism,  or  evidence 
thereof, around the performance improvement assumptions 
in the BMW/MINI CGU impairment models. The report was 
discussed  with  our  EY  Audit  Partner  for  the  2019  audit, 
covering the points raised and the actions EY would have 
taken in response if they had remained our Auditor. The main 
action identified was around better evidencing and explaining 
in  the  audit  file  the  basis  of  some  conclusions  and  the 
justification for elements of the work done. It was pleasing that 
none of the points raised implied that there were issues with 
the opening balances for the 2020 year. These matters were 
then discussed with our current Audit Partner from BDO. 

These reviews do give helpful insight to the Committee about 
the  inner  workings  of  the  audit.  Whilst  any  key  finding  is 
disappointing it is important to note that the Committee did 
spend quite some time discussing with management, and the 
Auditor, the possible impairment of the BMW/MINI CGU. In 
this discussion there was good challenge and debate, with the 
result that enhanced disclosures were made in the Annual 
Report and Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2019. 

External Audit Tender 
It was reported in the Annual Report and Accounts for the year 
ended 31 December 2019 that the Committee had decided to 
commence a formal tender for a new External Auditor to be in 
place for the year ended 31 December 2020. 

EY had been the Group’s Auditor for over 30 years and, whilst 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc is not subject to the mandatory 
rotation rules, the Committee felt that there were benefits to 
putting the audit out to tender. 

The  tender  process  was  led  by  myself  supported  by  the 
Committee and management. Three firms were invited to put 
forward their proposals and initially we went through a process 
to select the signing partners. Then each firm was provided 
with  access  to  information  on  the  Group  and  given  the 
opportunity  to  meet  with  the  Chairman,  myself  and 
management  to  gain  a  detailed  understanding  of  the 
commercial, operating and financial reporting environment. 
While most meetings were carried out in person, towards the 
end of the process these had to be done virtually. Each firm 
provided  a  detailed  tender  response  and  presented  their 
proposal to all members of the Audit Committee, supported 

76

by  senior  management.  The  Board  unanimously 
recommended  the  appointment  of  BDO  following  the 
recommendation of the Audit Committee.  

BDO LLP were appointed as the Group’s Auditor following 
ratification  by  shareholders  at  the  July  Annual  General 
Meeting. 

External Audit 
Following the conclusion of the audit tender, the Committee 
has supported the onboarding of the new audit firm. 

The fees paid to the External Auditor for non-audit services 
during the year ended 31 December 2020 totalled £39,000 
and related solely to the review of the Group’s Interim Report 
and Accounts. 

Each year the Audit Committee reviews the performance of 
the External Auditor in respect of audit related services and 
non-audit  services  and  is  committed  to  ensuring  the 
independence, effectiveness and objectivity of the External 
Auditor. 

In  order  to  judge  audit  quality,  the  Audit  Committee  has 
monitored  the  conduct  and  effectiveness  of  the  External 
Auditor through its assessment of: 

•

•

•

The  experience,  expertise  and  perceptiveness  of  the 
Auditor and their ability to be sceptical and to challenge 
appropriately; 

The planning and execution of the agreed audit plan and 
the quality of reports presented to the Committee; and 

The  conduct  of  the  Auditor,  including  the  Audit 
Committee’s experience of interaction with the Auditor. 

Stephen Le Bas is the Lead Partner on the audit for the year 
ended 31 December 2020. 

Following this review the Committee concluded that the audit 
was effective.  

Assessing audit quality, a critically important function of the 
Committee, has been for Marshall Motor Holdings plc and 
many other businesses predominantly a qualitative process. 
In order to enhance our processes around this area, with the 
introduction of some quantitative measures, we will join a pilot 
study being run by the FRC on Audit Quality Indicators for the 
2021 year end. We will report back on the learnings from this 
work next year. 

Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

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Internal Audit 
At each meeting the Committee receives a report from the 
Head of Audit and Risk for the period detailing the internal 
audit  findings  and  the  actions  required  to  rectify  any 
weaknesses identified. The reports also include a summary 
of  any 
investment  post 
implementation reviews carried out, as well as any specific 
process or subject area reviews. 

investigations,  projects  or 

During 2019 it was recognised that, given the increased size 
and complexity of the business, the structure of the function 
should be changed. As a result, a Head of Internal Audit and 
Risk started in March 2020. 

As  a  result  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic  there  has  been 
substantial disruption to the business and, therefore, to the 
internal  audit  programme  during  2020  with  the  various 
closures and restrictions making the conduct of on-site audit 
work  more  difficult  and  time  consuming.  The  need  for 
increased remote working, as well as changes to business 
processes, has changed the risk profile requiring a different 
focus  for  the  function.  Notwithstanding  these  challenges 
progress has been made. The Group’s internal audit approach 
has been reviewed and redeveloped to more closely address 
current and emerging business risks and the Committee looks 
forward to this approach being fully implemented during 2021. 

I will be available at the Annual General Meeting to respond 
to any questions shareholders may raise on the Committee’s 
activities in the year. 

Alan Ferguson 
Chair of the Audit Committee 
8 March 2021 

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GOVERNANCE 

Statement from the Chair  
of the Remuneration Committee

Nicky Dulieu 
Non-Executive Director and  
Chair of the Remuneration Committee 

On behalf of the Board, I am pleased to present our Directors’ 
Remuneration Report for 2020. Although not subject to the 
reporting regulations of fully listed companies in the UK, the 
Remuneration  Committee  has  taken  account  of  these 
regulations in the preparation of our Remuneration Report as 
a matter of best practice.  

•

•

The Remuneration Report is divided into three sections: this 
Chair’s introduction; a revised Directors’ Remuneration Policy; 
and the Annual Remuneration Report, which outlines how we 
implemented our current policy in 2020 and how we intend to 
apply the new Directors’ Remuneration Policy in 2021. 

Remuneration Policy review  
Our current Directors’ Remuneration Policy and the Group’s 
Performance Share Plan (“PSP”) have been in place since the 
Group’s Admission in 2015. Over this period, the Group has 
delivered  results  that  have  been  well  in  excess  of  the 
equivalent performance of other companies in our sector. We 
have significantly expanded our operations by increasing our 
operating units, nearly doubling our employee base and more 
than doubling both revenue and PBT. We have also disposed 
of  a  number  of  sub-scale,  non-core  and  loss-making 
businesses,  further  enhancing  shareholder  value  and 
ensuring our growth is sustainable. We have increased our 
market  share  through  both  organic  growth  and  strategic 
acquisitions. Throughout this period of exceptional growth, our 
management team has also been able to deliver year-on-year 
increases in our trust scores with customers and employee 
engagement. In 2020, we achieved a ranking of 12th in the 
‘Great Place to Work’ index for best UK workplaces. This was 
the eleventh consecutive year of Great Place to Work status 
and the sixth consecutive year of being ranked as one of the 
UK’s  best  work  places.  Under  the  leadership  of  our  Chief 
Executive Officer, Daksh Gupta, the team has delivered this 
exceptional  performance  in  what  has  been  a  particularly 
challenging time for the sector.  

During the course of 2020, the Remuneration Committee has 
the  Group’s 
undertaken  a  comprehensive  review  of 
remuneration 
to  ensure  our 
Remuneration  Policy 
arrangements: 

•

are competitive and as such helps us to recruit, motivate 
and retain senior leaders of the high calibre required to 
run the business successfully; 

align  the  interests  of  the  Executive  Directors,  senior 
management and employees with those of shareholders 
and  wider  stakeholders  and  to  ensure  appropriate 
alignment with the Group’s values and strategic goals; and 

adhere to the principles of good corporate governance, 
support  good  risk  management  practice  and  promote 
long term sustainable Group performance. Whilst the UK 
Corporate Governance Code (the “UK Code”) does not 
apply to the Company, the Remuneration Committee has 
decided to apply a number of the principles set out in the 
UK Code which are over and above the requirements of 
the QCA Corporate Governance Code. 

Current remuneration positioning at the lower end of  
the market compared to our listed peers 
Our Chief Executive Officer, Daksh Gupta, has over 28 years’ 
experience  in  the  automotive  retail  sector  and  joined  the 
Group in 2008. On Admission in 2015, his base salary was 
set at £400,000. Notwithstanding the significant growth in the 
Group  since  that  date  as  noted  above  and  Daksh’s 
contribution to our consistent outperformance of the market, 
increases to his base salary over this period have not reflected 
this and have been inflationary only. The current annual bonus 
and  long-term  incentive  opportunities  have  also  not  been 
reviewed since IPO. 

As a result, Daksh’s current base salary of £433,800 and his 
total compensation package are at the lower end of the market 
compared to the Group’s listed peers. In a competitive market 
for talent, we believe this presents a real risk to the business 
and does not appropriately reflect the growth and performance 
of  the  business  and  increase  in  the  scope  of  his  role  and 
responsibilities. 

Summary of  proposed Remuneration Policy changes 
and rationale 
Overall, we consider proposed changes to our Remuneration 
Policy will support the strategic ambition of the Group and are 
aligned  to  shareholders’  interests.  I  have  set  out  below 
information on the key proposed changes to the Policy.  

For the avoidance of doubt, increases in base salary for the 
Executive  Directors  which  are  above  the  general  rises  for 
employees  and  increases  in  the  maximum  variable  pay 
opportunity under the revised Remuneration Policy, will not be 
implemented until such time as the Remuneration Committee 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

considers appropriate, which will not be whilst the Company 
is claiming any Government support linked to COVID-19, nor 
before it has announced a resumption of dividend payments. 

Furthermore,  increases  in  the  maximum  variable  pay 
opportunity will require additional stretch in the performance 
delivered  so  that  more  pay  is  delivered  only  for  the 
achievement of more stretching performance targets. 

•

•

in 

the  continued  success  of 

Base salary increases: We intend to increase the Chief 
Executive  Officer’s  base  salary  to  £525,000.  This 
increase will bring his base salary more in line with our 
listed peers and reflects Daksh’s outstanding contribution 
to the growth and success of the Group and his critical 
role 
the  business. 
Recognising the Chief Financial Officer’s performance 
since  appointment  in  January  2019  (including  the 
successful  execution  and  subsequent  integration  of  a 
number of acquisitions, the successful extension of the 
Group’s banking facilities and the effective management 
of 
the 
COVID-crisis), together with the fact that his base salary 
on appointment was set at the lower end of the market 
competitive range, we are also proposing an increase for 
our Chief Financial Officer from £265,800 to £290,000.  

financial  position 

the  Group’s 

through 

Pension: In line with best practice under the UK Code, 
the  pension  contribution  (or  cash  in  lieu)  for  any  new 
Executive Directors will be aligned to the wider workforce. 
For 
incumbent  Executive  Directors,  pension 
contributions will be frozen at existing contribution levels 
(pre the proposed base salary increases) until they align 
to the wider workforce rate. 

the 

• Maximum  annual  bonus:  Reflecting  the  growth  and 
performance of the Group since IPO, we are proposing to 
increase the overall maximum annual bonus opportunity 
to 150% of salary for the Chief Executive Officer and to 
125% of salary for the Chief Financial Officer. This increase 
will bring the maximum bonus opportunity in line with our 
listed peers. The increase in the annual bonus would be 
combined  with  a  reduction  in  the  maximum  on-target 
bonus to 50% of the maximum bonus potential (currently 
70% of maximum). As noted above, the increase in the 
maximum  annual  bonus  potential  will  be  considered 
alongside the level of stretch inherent in the targets set to 
ensure we only pay for more incremental performance.  

•

Proportion  of   annual  bonus  to  be  deferred  into 
shares: To provide further alignment with shareholders, 
50% of any bonus earned above target will be deferred 
into  shares  and  will  be  subject  to  a  two-year  deferral 
period. This will apply once the annual bonus opportunity 
is  increased  until  such  time  as  the  shareholding 
guidelines have been met.

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•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Annual bonus measures: We will include flexibility under 
the revised Remuneration Policy to set measures and 
targets reflecting the Group’s strategy and aligned with key 
financial, operational, strategic and/or individual objectives.  

Performance share plan (PSP) quantum: Reflecting 
the growth and performance of the Group since IPO and 
the  ambitious  strategic  goals  of  the  Group,  we  are 
proposing  to  increase  the  overall  maximum  PSP 
opportunity  to  200%  of  salary  for  the  Chief  Executive 
Officer and 150% of salary for the Chief Financial Officer. 
This will require a change to the current PSP rules which 
will be subject to shareholder approval at the 2021 AGM. 
The increased opportunity would only be available for 
transformational  performance  and  the  satisfaction  of 
extremely stretching performance targets.  

PSP performance and holding period: PSP awards will 
usually be subject to a three-year performance period and 
in line with best practice under the UK Code the holding 
period will be extended from one year following the end 
of the vesting period to two years following the end of the 
vesting period. 

PSP  measures:  We  will  include  flexibility  under  the 
revised Remuneration Policy to set measures and targets 
reflecting the Group’s strategy. We will retain discretion to 
award restricted stock awards at 50% of normal award 
levels instead of PSP awards. However, restricted stock 
would only be awarded as a fallback position in the event 
that the Remuneration Committee considers that it would 
not be feasible to set robust and meaningful PSP targets. 

In-employment shareholding guidelines: In line with 
best  practice,  the  shareholding  requirement  will  be 
increased from 100% of salary to 200% of salary. Until 
the shareholding requirement is met, Executive Directors 
will  be  required  to  retain  any  vested  deferred  bonus 
shares and 50% of any vested PSP shares (net of tax). 

Post-employment shareholding guidelines: We will 
introduce a post-employment requirement requiring the 
lower of actual shares held or 100% of the shareholding 
guideline  to  be  held  for  the  first  year  post  cessation, 
reducing to 50% of the shareholding requirement to be 
held for the second year post cessation.  

Best practice governance changes over and above 
the requirements of  the QCA Corporate Governance 
Code: The increase to the in-employment shareholding 
guidelines,  the  introduction  of  a  post-employment 
shareholding guideline, together with the two year holding 
period  for  PSP  awards  and  the  introduction  of  bonus 
deferral, is a balanced way of ensuring alignment with 
longer term shareholder interests.

GOVERNANCE 

Key  Remuneration  Committee  decisions  and 
remuneration outcomes for the period to 31 December 
2020 
As outlined in the Operating Review and the Financial Review, 
in response to COVID-19, the Group took a range of actions 
to manage and mitigate costs and protect its cash position. 
Whilst  the  Board  recognises  the  absolute  importance  of 
dividend  income  for  shareholders,  given  the  focus  on 
preserving  cash,  and  recognising  the  financial  support 
received  from  Government  in  relation  to  COVID-19,  we 
suspended the final 2019 dividend and interim and final 2020 
dividends. However, we intend to re-instate our dividend policy 
as soon as it is appropriate. 

The Group has also worked hard to support its colleagues 
during this period of uncertainty. During the first lockdown 
period from March to June 2020, the Group supplemented the 
Government furlough support received, enhancing colleague 
pay to 100% for March, 90% for April and 85% for May. In 
addition, whilst they continued to work throughout, the Board 
and  other  senior  members  of  the  management  team 
voluntarily reduced their pay in line with the reductions for 
furloughed  colleagues  in April  and  May,  and  also  forfeited 
holiday accrued. 

Despite the material impact that COVID-19 has had on our 
operations  during  2020,  including  an  extended  period  of 
closure of all our dealerships both from March to June and 
again in November, our operational performance during the 
second half of the year was exceptionally strong across all key 
like-for-like metrics and we traded significantly ahead of the 
market. Our strong trading performance in the second half of 
the year resulted in underlying profit before tax for the year of 
£20.9m, ahead of the Group’s upgraded expectations. 

The Group’s cash position remained strong. As such, we were 
able to voluntarily repay early all amounts we benefited from 
under  the  Government’s  VAT  deferral  scheme.  As  at 
31 December 2020, after repayment of the VAT benefit, our 
adjusted net cash position was £28.8m (31 December 2019: 
adjusted  net  debt  £30.6m).  In  recognition  of  the  ongoing 
impact of COVID-19 on our operations, the Group identified 
several operational changes and efficiencies which resulted 
in a very limited number of redundancies; however, we have 
preserved the vast majority of colleagues’ jobs across our 
business.  

Annual bonus opportunity for the Executive Directors during 
2020  was  based  on  the  achievement  of  underlying  PBT 
targets. Whilst the Group significantly outperformed the wider 
market and met those targets, it also benefited from a number 
of sector tailwinds and significant financial support from the 
Government  in  relation  to  COVID-19.  As  a  result,  and  in 

recognition of the experience of our shareholders and other 
stakeholders the Remuneration Committee has agreed, in 
consultation with the Executive Directors, that no bonuses will 
be paid in respect of FY2020. 

As  outlined  in  our  2019  Remuneration  Report,  taking  into 
account best remuneration practice with regard to the award 
of restricted stock and recognising the challenge of setting 
robust long term targets against the backdrop of a cyclical new 
car  market,  the  Remuneration  Committee  reviewed  and 
simplified the operation of the PSP for awards granted in 2019 
and 2020.  

to 

In August  2020,  the  Executive  Directors  received  awards 
(“2020 Awards”) under the PSP. In line with the approach 
adopted in 2019, the 2020 PSP awards will vest dependent 
upon  continued  employment  and  subject 
the 
Remuneration Committee being satisfied that there has been 
no  material  deterioration  in  the  Company’s  performance 
which significantly departs from any market deterioration. For 
2020, the maximum PSP awards were 75% of salary for the 
Chief Executive Officer and 56.25% of salary for the Chief 
Financial Officer. This equates to 50% of 150% of salary for 
the Chief Executive Officer and 50% of 112.5% of salary for 
the Chief Financial Officer and reflects the fact that these 
awards  are  not  subject  to  specific  financial  performance 
conditions.  The  vesting  date  of  the  2020  Awards  will  be 
11 March 2023, being the announcement of results following 
the  end  of  the  third  year  of  the  performance  period  to 
31 December 2022. Shares acquired will then be subject to 
a holding period until 11 March 2024. 

As previously reported, a consistent approach was adopted 
for the 2017 and 2018 PSP awards, taking into account the 
impact  of  corporate  activity,  the  Company’s  financial 
performance  compared  to  that  of  its  competitors  over  the 
relevant performance periods, and the effectiveness of the 
Company’s overall remuneration policy to attract, retain and 
motivate  high  calibre  senior  management  focused  on  the 
delivery of the Company’s strategic and business objectives. 
As a result, subject to there being no material deterioration in 
the Company’s performance which significantly departs from 
any  market  deterioration,  the  Remuneration  Committee’s 
intention  was  and  remains,  to  recommend  discretionary 
awards for the 2017 and 2018 PSP awards, such that the 
overall vesting levels are at 50% of the maximum award. In 
light of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic during the Year, 
the  Remuneration  Committee  determined  that  it  was 
appropriate to defer final determination on such discretionary 
awards which would otherwise have been determined on the 
normal vesting dates for such awards, being 29 September 
2020 and 17 April 2021 respectively. 

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Shareholder engagement  
We undertook a consultation exercise on the updates to the 
revised Remuneration Policy with shareholders representing 
more than 90% of the shares in the Company. I am grateful 
for the support that we received for our proposals. Full details 
of the revised Remuneration Policy can be found on pages 82 
to 85. 

I would also like to thank shareholders and investor bodies for 
their  constructive  input  and  engagement  in  relation  to  the 
revised  Remuneration  Policy.  We  remain  committed  to  a 
responsible approach to executive pay, as I trust this Directors’ 
Remuneration Report demonstrates. As always, I am happy 
to meet or speak with shareholders if there are any questions 
or feedback on our approach to executive remuneration. 

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Nicky Dulieu 
Chair of Remuneration Committee 
8 March 2021

to 

for 

the  year 

remuneration  decisions 

Key 
31 December 2021 
The outlook for 2021 remains uncertain given the ongoing 
impact  of  COVID-19  and  the  current  national  lockdown. 
Nevertheless,  we  believe  that  our  strong  culture,  brand 
partnerships  with  scale,  in-house  technology  platform  and 
online presence, coupled with our exceptional colleagues, 
provides  a  robust  platform  for  the  Group  to  continue  to 
outperform the wider automotive retail market in 2021 and 
capitalise on strategic growth opportunities when they arise.  

As outlined above, increases in base salary for the Executive 
Directors, which are above the general rises for employees 
and increases in the maximum variable pay opportunity under 
the revised Remuneration Policy, will not be implemented until 
such  time  as  the  Remuneration  Committee  considers 
appropriate, which will not be whilst the Company is claiming 
any Government support linked to COVID-19, nor before it 
has announced a resumption of dividend payments. 

Until such time as the revised annual bonus arrangements 
under the revised Remuneration Policy are implemented, the 
maximum  potential  annual  bonus  for  the  year  ending 
31  December  2021  will  be  125%  of  salary  for  the  Chief 
Executive Officer and 100% of salary for the Chief Financial 
Officer. For FY2021, it is intended that the bonus will be based 
on  PBT  achievement  and  will  be  subject  to  performance 
underpins on Health & Safety and FCA compliance. Given the 
on-going level of uncertainty for FY2021, we retain discretion 
to set a PBT target for the first half of the year and a PBT target 
for the second half of the year. No bonus would be paid until 
after the end of the full financial year and the bonus for each 
half year would be subject to the Remuneration Committee’s 
assessment  of  the  Group’s  holistic  financial  performance 
across the full year. 

The Remuneration Committee intends to grant options under 
the PSP in 2021 at an appropriate time and no earlier than 
August 2021. At the point that the Remuneration Committee 
consider it appropriate to implement the revised Remuneration 
Policy, it is intended that 50% of the PSP will be based on a 
matrix of revenue and net margin performance, 30% on the 
achievement of stretching Return on Capital targets, 10% on 
the  achievement  of  strategic  goals  (most  likely  ESG 
measures) and 10% on employee engagement. In the event 
it  is  deemed  unfeasible  to  set  meaningful  PSP  financial 
targets, the fallback position will be to award Restricted Shares 
in line with those granted in 2019 and 2020.

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GOVERNANCE 

Directors’ Remuneration Policy

REMUNERATION POLICY 
As set out in the annual statement from the Remuneration Committee Chair, following consultation with shareholders representing 
more than 90% of the shares in the Company, the Company has adopted a revised remuneration policy for 2021 (‘Revised 
Remuneration Policy’). The Revised Remuneration Policy replaces the previous policy which had been in place since the 
Company’s admission to trading on AIM in 2015. 

As also stated in the annual statement from the Remuneration Committee Chair, certain elements of the Revised Remuneration 
Policy will not be implemented until such time as the Remuneration Committee considers appropriate, which will not be whilst 
the Company is claiming any Government support linked to COVID-19, nor before it has announced a resumption of dividend 
payments.  

The table below sets out the elements of Executive Directors’ compensation and how each element operates, as well as the 
maximum opportunity for each element and any applicable performance measures 

Purpose and  
link to strategy

BASIC SALARY 

To provide a competitive base 
salary for the market in which 
the Group operates to attract 
and retain Executive Directors 
of a suitable calibre.

BENEFITS 

To provide market competitive 
benefits  as  part  of  the  total 
remuneration package.

Operation

Maximum opportunity

Performance metrics 

None.

Normally reviewed annually to 
reflect role, responsibility and 
performance of the individual 
and  the  Group,  and  to  take 
into account rates of pay for 
comparable  roles  in  similar 
companies.  

When selecting comparators, 
the Remuneration Committee 
has  regard  to,  inter  alia,  the 
Group’s revenue, profitability, 
market  worth  and  business 
sector.

is  no  prescribed 
There 
maximum  increase.  Annual 
rates are set out in the annual 
report on remuneration for the 
current year and the following 
year. 

For FY2021:  
Implementation  of  salary 
increases deferred until such 
time  as  the  Remuneration 
Committee 
considers 
appropriate.

insurance, 

Executive Directors currently 
receive holiday entitlement, 
life 
health 
assurance  premiums  and 
income protection insurance. 
The 
Remuneration 
Committee reviews the level 
of benefit provision from time 
to time and has the flexibility 
to add or remove benefits to 
reflect  changes  in  market 
practices or the operational 
needs of the Group.

None.

Whilst 
the  Remuneration 
Committee  has  not  set  a 
maximum level of benefits that 
Executive  Directors  may 
receive, the value of benefits 
is  set  at  a  level  which  the 
Remuneration  Committee 
considers 
appropriate, 
considering  market  practice 
and individual circumstances.

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Operation

Maximum opportunity

Performance metrics 

Purpose and  
link to strategy

PENSION 

To  provide  an  appropriate 
level of retirement benefit (or 
cash allowance equivalent).

All  Executive  Directors  are 
entitled  to  participate  in  the 
Company’s 
defined 
contribution pension scheme 
or to receive a cash allowance 
pension 
of 
in 
contributions.  

lieu 

Only 
base 
pensionable. 

salary 

is 

ANNUAL BONUS 

Rewards performance against 
targets  which  support  the 
the 
strategic  direction  of 
Group. 

Awards  are  based  on 
performance  against  targets 
the 
determined 
Remuneration Committee. 

by 

Deferral provides a retention 
element 
share 
direct 
ownership 
alignment  to  shareholders’ 
interests. 

through 
and 

the 

Pay-out levels are determined 
by 
Remuneration 
Committee after the year end. 
The Remuneration Committee 
has discretion to amend pay-
outs  should  any  formulaic 
their 
output  not 
assessment of performance. 

reflect 

When the maximum bonus is 
increased  above  125%  of 
base salary in respect of the 
Chief  Executive  Officer  and 
100% in respect of the Chief 
Financial Officer, 50% of any 
bonus  earned  above  target 
performance  to  be  paid  in 
shares, subject to a two year 
deferral period until such time 
shareholding 
as 
guidelines have been met.  

the 

Deferred  share  awards  may 
include  dividend  equivalents 
earned between the grant and 
vesting date. 

Recovery  and  withholding 
provisions apply. 

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For  any  new  Executive 
Director, pension provision will 
be  aligned  at 
level 
available for the majority of the 
group’s workforce. 

the 

The pension provision for the 
incumbent  Chief  Executive 
Officer  and  Chief  Financial 
Officer  will  be  based  on  the 
higher of: 

•

the existing GBP amount 
based  on  the  current 
salaries (Chief Executive 
Officer £69,408 and Chief 
Financial 
Officer 
£21,264); and 

•

the wider workforce rate. 

Maximum  opportunity  of 
150% of salary for the Chief 
Executive Officer and 125% of 
salary for the Chief Financial 
Officer 
to  more 
stretching  performance  for 
maximum pay-out) 

(subject 

When the maximum bonus is 
increased  above  125%  of 
base salary in respect of the 
Chief  Executive  Officer  and 
100% in respect of the Chief 
Financial  Officer,  maximum 
paid 
on-target 
performance  reduced  from 
70% of maximum to 50% of 
the maximum. 

for 

None.

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Targets are set annually and 
aligned  with  key  financial, 
individual 
strategic  and/or 
targets  with  the  weightings 
these  measures 
between 
determined 
the 
Remuneration  Committee 
each  year  considering  the 
Group’s priorities at the time. 

by 

Given  the  on-going  level  of 
uncertainty  for  FY2021,  we 
retain discretion to set a PBT 
target for the first half of the 
year and a PBT target for the 
second  half  of  the  year.  No 
bonus would be paid until after 
the  end  of  the  full  financial 
year and the bonus for each 
half year would be subject to 
the 
Remuneration 
Committee’s  assessment  of 
the  Group’s  holistic  financial 
performance  across  the  full 
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GOVERNANCE 

Purpose and  
link to strategy

Operation

Maximum opportunity

Performance metrics 

LONG-TERM INCENTIVES – MMH PERFORMANCE SHARE PLAN 

To create alignment between 
the  interests  of  Executive 
Directors  and  shareholders 
through 
the  delivery  of 
performance-based awards in 
Group shares.

Grant of nil cost options under 
the PSP.  

Vesting  is  subject  to  the 
achievement  of  specified 
performance 
conditions 
and/or continued employment 
normally over three years. 

Awards may include dividend 
equivalents. 

A  24  month  post-vesting 
holding  period  applies  for 
awards made from 2021. 

Recovery  and  withholding 
the 
provisions  apply  at 
discretion 
the 
Remuneration  Committee 
within three years of vesting

of 

be 

Maximum award increased to 
up  to  200%  of  salary.  The 
increased  opportunity  would 
only 
for 
transformational performance 
the  satisfaction  of 
and 
extremely 
stretching 
performance targets.  

available 

This will require a change to 
the  PSP  rules  which  will  be 
subject 
shareholder 
to 
approval at the 2021 AGM

Set  to  reflect  longer  term 
business 
and 
strategy 
performance. 

Performance  measures  and 
their  weighting  are  reviewed 
maintain 
to 
annually 
appropriateness 
and 
relevance. 

For 
threshold 
levels  of 
the 
performance,  25%  of 
award will vest rising to 100% 
for  maximum  performance. 
Below 
the 
award will not vest

threshold, 

the 

IN-EMPLOYMENT: SHARE OWNERSHIP GUIDELINES 

Increase  alignment  between 
the  Executive  Directors  and 
shareholders.

the 

Until 
shareholding 
requirement is met, Executive 
Directors  will  be  required  to 
retain  any  vested  deferred 
bonus shares and 50% of any 
vested  PSP  shares  (net  of 
tax).

In  line  with  best  practice, 
requirement 
shareholding 
increased 
from  100%  of 
salary to 200% of salary. 

None.

POST EMPLOYMENT: SHARE OWNERSHIP GUIDELINES 

Increase  alignment  between 
the  Executive  Directors  and 
shareholders.

post-employment 
The 
shareholding requirement will 
only apply to shares acquired 
under the deferred bonus or 
PSP  post  implementation  of 
the  revised  Remuneration 
Policy

Lower of actual shares held or 
100%  of  the  shareholding 
guideline to be held for the first 
year post cessation reducing 
to  50%  of  the  shareholding 
requirement to be held for the 
second year post cessation. 

None.

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR FEES (“NED”) 

To attract NEDs who have a 
broad  range  of  experience 
and  skills  to  oversee  the 
implementation of our strategy 
strong 
provide 
and 
performance stewardship 

NED fees are determined by 
the  Board  (excluding  NEDs) 
within the limits set out in the 
Articles of Association and are 
paid  in  12  equal  monthly 
instalments during the year.

None.

Annual  rate  set  out  in  the 
annual report on remuneration 
for  the  current  year  and  the 
following year.  

No  prescribed  maximum 
annual increase. 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

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REMUNERATION POLICY (continued) 

Directors’ Service Contracts, Notice Periods and Termination Payments 

Provision

Details 

Notice periods in Executive Directors’ 
service contracts 

Maximum of 12 months by Company or Executive Director. Executive Directors 
may be required to work during the notice period. 

Compensation for loss of office 

In the event of termination, service contracts provide for payments of base salary, 
pension and benefits only over the notice period. 

Treatment of annual bonus on 
termination 

Treatment of unvested PSP awards 

There is no contractual right to any bonus payment in the event of termination 
although in certain “good leaver” circumstances the Remuneration Committee 
may exercise its discretion to pay a bonus for the period of employment and based 
on performance assessed after the end of the financial year. 

The default treatment for any entitlements under the PSP is that any outstanding 
awards  lapse  on  cessation  of  employment.  However,  in  certain  prescribed 
circumstances, or at the discretion of the Remuneration Committee “good leaver” 
status can be applied. In these circumstances a participant’s awards vest subject 
to the satisfaction of the relevant performance criteria and, ordinarily, on a time 
pro-rata basis, with the balance of the awards lapsing. 

Outside appointments 

Other directorships have been permitted with prior agreement: 

–  Daksh Gupta is a director of BEN – Motor and Allied Trades Benevolent Fund 

Non-executive directors 

All Non-Executives are subject to re-election every three years. No compensation 
is payable if required to stand down.

In the event of the negotiation of a compromise or settlement agreement between the Company and a departing Director, the 
Remuneration Committee may make payments it considers reasonable in settlement of potential legal claims. Such payments 
may also include reasonable reimbursement of professional fees in connection with such agreements. 

The Remuneration Committee may also include the reimbursement of fees for professional or outplacement advice in the 
termination package, if it considers it reasonable to do so. It may also allow the continuation of benefits for a limited period. 

Dates of  appointment 

Director                                           Date of  appointment                           Date of  resignation as a director 

D Gupta                                                 1 January 2009                                           – 

A Ferguson                                            11 March 2015                                            – 

F Ecsery                                                 25 March 2015                                           – 

C Walkinshaw                                        12 July 2016                                               – 

K Jenkins                                               23 May 2018                                               – 

R Parry-Jones                                       1 January 2019                                           – 

R Blumberger                                        2 January 2019                                           – 

N Dulieu                                                 1 January 2020                                           – 

Copies of Directors’ service contracts and letters of appointment are available for inspection at the Company’s registered office. 

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GOVERNANCE 

Directors’ Remuneration Report

The  Board  remains  responsible  for  the  approval  and 
implementation  of  any  recommendations  made  by  the 
Remuneration  Committee.  The  remuneration  of  Non-
Executive Directors other than the Chairman is determined by 
the Chairman of the Board and the Executive Directors. 

independent 

remuneration  advice 

The Remuneration Committee’s Advisers 
The Remuneration Committee engages external advisers to 
assist it in meeting its responsibilities. Deloitte LLP (“Deloitte”) 
the 
provides 
Remuneration Committee. Deloitte is a founder member of 
the  Remuneration  Consultants’  Code  of  Conduct,  and,  as 
such,  voluntarily  operates  under  its  Code  of  Conduct  in 
relation  to  executive  remuneration  matters  in  the  UK. The 
Remuneration Committee is satisfied that the advice that it 
receives is objective and independent. 

to 

REMUNERATION GOVERNANCE 
Throughout the Year, the Remuneration Committee comprised 
three  independent  Non-Executive  Directors,  Nicky  Dulieu 
(Chair  of  the  Committee),  Alan  Ferguson  and  Francesca 
Ecsery,  alongside  Kathy  Jenkins  who  is  an  appointed 
representative of MCHL. Nicky Dulieu was appointed Chair of 
the Committee on 1 January 2020. 

The table below sets out each member’s attendance record 
at Remuneration Committee meetings during the year: 

Committee 
Member

Role

Attendance 
record 

Nicky Dulieu

Chair of the Committee

Alan Ferguson

Non-Executive Director

Francesca Ecsery

Non-Executive Director

Kathy Jenkins

Non-Executive Director

4/4 

4/4 

4/4 

4/4 

The Chair of the Board, members of the management team, 
as well as the Remuneration Committee’s advisers, are invited 
to  attend  meetings  as  appropriate,  unless  there  is  any 
potential conflict of interest. 

The Remuneration Committee: Responsibilities 
The terms of reference of the Remuneration Committee cover 
such  issues  as:  committee  membership;  frequency  of 
meetings;  quorum  requirements;  and  the  right  to  attend 
meetings.  In  addition,  the  Remuneration  Committee  has 
responsibility for, amongst other things: 

• making recommendations to the Board on the Company’s 

policy on remuneration for the Group; 

•

•

•

•

•

determining  and  monitoring  specific  remuneration 
packages for the Chairman and each of the Executive 
Directors including pension rights and any compensation 
payments; 

oversight of the remuneration packages for certain senior 
management in the Group; 

reviewing  wider  workforce  remuneration  and  related 
policies; 

recommending  and  overseeing  the  implementation  of 
share related schemes, including scheme grants; and 

ensuring  the  Remuneration  Committee  has  access  to 
independent remuneration advice including responsibility 
for appointing a suitably qualified adviser. 

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Annual Report on Remuneration 
Single total figure of  remuneration 
The table below sets out the single total figure of remuneration and breakdown for each Director in respect of the 12 month period 
ending 31 December 2020. 

                                                      Basic                                                                     Annual        Long term                  
                                                     salary         Fees       Benefits        Pension        bonuses        incentives        Total 
                                                       £’000        £’000             £’000            £’000             £’000                £’000        £’000 

Executive Directors 

D Gupta                                                424.8                 -                 16.8                68.0                       -                          -         509.6 

R Blumberger                                       260.3                 -                   4.4                22.0                       -                          -         286.7 

Total                                                      685.1                 -                21.2                90.0                       -                          -         796.3 

Non-Executive Directors 

R Parry-Jones                                               -         135.3                       -                      -                       -                          -         135.3 

A Ferguson                                                   -           62.3                       -                      -                       -                          -           62.3 

F Ecsery                                                        -           42.8                       -                      -                       -                          -           42.8 

N Dulieu                                                        -           52.5                       -                      -                       -                          -           52.5 

C Walkinshaw1                                              -           39.2                       -                      -                       -                          -           39.2 

K Jenkins1                                                     -           39.2                       -                      -                       -                          -           39.2 

Total                                                                        371.3                      -                      -                       -                          -         371.3 

Aggregate directors’  
emoluments                                        685.1         371.3                21.2                90.0                       -                          -       1167.6 

1. Christopher Walkinshaw and Kathy Jenkins are nominated directors of  Marshall of  Cambridge (Holdings) Ltd with the fee 
payable in respect of  their undertakings as a Non-Executive Director payable to Marshall of  Cambridge (Holdings) Ltd. 

As set out in the statement from the Remuneration Committee Chair, the Board and other senior members of the management 
team voluntarily reduced their pay to 90% for April and 85% for May (in line with the reductions for furloughed colleagues during 
this period) and forfeited holiday accrued. The amounts detailed in the table above are shown after these reductions. 

The benefits above include items such as medical cover, life assurance premiums and income protection insurance. 

LTIP awards 
Details of LTIP awards granted during the year are as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                 Market 
                                                                                                                                                   value  
                                                                                             Earliest                                      on date            Number of   
                                                                      Date of           exercise          Exercise            of  grant                options  
                                              Scheme             grant                  date                price             (pence)                  grants 

D Gupta                         2020 LTIP Award       20-Aug-20           11-Mar-23                     £Nil                 125.0p                   260,292 

R Blumberger                2020 LTIP Award       20-Aug-20           11-Mar-23                     £Nil                 125.0p                   119,340 

Awards vest dependent upon continued employment and subject to the Remuneration Committee being satisfied that there 
has been no material deterioration in the Company’s performance which significantly departs from any market deterioration.

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GOVERNANCE 

The movement in directors’ LTIP Awards during the year are as follows: 

                                                                                             Number            Number            Number                              
                                                                Number at            granted         exercised              lapsed            Number at 
                                                                 1 January              during              during               during       31 December  
                                                                          2019           the year           the year            the year                     2019 

D Gupta                                                                858,076              260,292                          -                           -                1,118,368 

R Blumberger                                                       102,632              119,340                          -                           -                   221,972 

Statement of  Directors’ Shareholding 
Under the Company’s revised remuneration policy, in line with best practice, the shareholding requirement for our Executive 
Directors will be increased from 100% of salary to 200% of salary. Until the shareholding requirement is met, Executive Directors 
will be required to retain any vested deferred bonus shares and 50% of any vested PSP shares (net of tax). 

We have also introduced a post-employment requirement requiring 100% of the shareholding requirement (or actual shareholding 
at the date of cessation if lower) to be held for 12 months and 50% of the shareholding requirement (or actual shareholding at 
the date of cessation if lower) to be held for two years post cessation. The post-employment shareholding requirement will only 
apply to shares acquired under the deferred bonus or PSP post implementation of the revised Remuneration Policy 

The Directors who held office at 31 December 2020 and their connected persons had interests in the issued share capital of the 
Company as at 31 December 2020 as follows 

                                                                                                                                                                                   LTIP Interests1 
                                                                     Number of                                                                Number of  
                                         Number of             ordinary                                                                    ordinary                                                                                                               
                                             ordinary               shares               Market                                           shares                                                                                      Shareholding 
                                       shares held      acquired on         Purchases          Disposals       beneficially                                                                          Total                    as a 
                                        beneficially             exercise                during                during                    held                                    Vested but              Interest   percentage of          Guideline 
                                    as at 31/12/19          of options             the year             the year         at 31/12/20           Unvested      unexercised           in shares      base salary2                   met? 

R Parry-Jones                                   -                          -                          -                          -                          -                          -                          -                          -                      n/a                      n/a 

D. Gupta                              1,451,111                          -                          -                          -            1,451,111           1,118,368                          -           2,569,479                  470%                     Yes 

R Blumberger                                    -                          -                          -                          -                          -              221,972                                          221,972                      0%         in progress 

A Ferguson                              58,557                          -                          -                          -                58,557                          -                          -                58,557                      n/a                      n/a 

F Ecsery                                    2,013                          -                          -                          -                  2,013                          -                          -                  2,013                      n/a                      n/a 

N Dulieu                                             -                          -                          -                          -                          -                          -                          -                          -                      n/a                      n/a 

K Jenkins                                           -                          -                          -                          -                          -                          -                          -                          -                      n/a                      n/a 

C Walkinshaw                                    -                          -                          -                          -                          -                          -                          -                          -                      n/a                      n/a 

1

These include the 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020 LTIP Awards. 

The 2017 and 2018 LTIP Awards vest subject to growth in the Company’s underlying basic Earnings Per Share (EPS). 25% 
of  the award vests for achieving growth in underlying basic EPS of, in the case of  the 2017 LTIP Awards, CPI plus 1.0% per 
annum and in the case of  the 2018 LTIP Awards, 1.3% per annum, increasing to 100% vesting for achieving growth of  CPI 
plus 5.0% and 6.0% per annum respectively over a three year performance period.  

As set out in the annual statement from the Remuneration Committee Chair, subject to there being no material deterioration 
in the Company’s performance which significantly departs from any market deterioration, the Remuneration Committee’s 
intention is to recommend discretionary awards for the 2017 and 2018 PSP awards, such that the overall vesting levels are 
at 50% of  maximum award. In light of  the impact of  the COVID-19 pandemic during the year, the Remuneration Committee 
determined that it was appropriate to defer final determination on such discretionary awards which would have otherwise 
have been determined on the normal vesting dates for such awards, being 29 September 2020 and 17 April 2021 respectively. 
The Remuneration Committee will reconsider the determination of  these discretionary awards no earlier than August 2021. 

The 2019 and 2020 LTIP Awards vest dependent upon continued employment and subject to the Remuneration Committee 
being satisfied that there has been no material deterioration in the Company’s performance over the respective three year 
vesting periods which significantly departs from any market deterioration. 

A holding period of  12 months applies to each of  the 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020 LTIP Awards. 

2

Shareholding as a percentage of  salary is calculated using the number of  shares beneficially held, base salary and the 
Company’s share price, all as at 31 December 2020. 

The middle market price of the shares as at 31 December 2020 was 140.5p and the range in respect of the 12 month period 
ending 31 December 2020 was 85.0p to 158.0p.

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Implementation of  remuneration policy for the year ending 31 December 2021 
As  set  out  above,  certain  elements  of  the  Revised  Remuneration  Policy  (including  changes  to  salary  and  variable  pay 
opportunities) will not be implemented until such time as the Remuneration Committee considers it appropriate to do so. Until 
such time, the annual salaries and fees to be paid to directors in the year ending 31 December 2021 will be as set out below. 

                                                                           31 December 2021              31 December 20202                    Increase 

  Executive Directors                                                                         £’000                                         £’000                                   % 

  D Gupta                                                                                             433.8                                          433.8                                     - 

  R Blumberger                                                                                    265.8                                          265.8                                     - 

  Non-executive Directors                                                                 £’000                                         £’000                                   % 

R Parry-Jones                                                                                     138.2                                          138.2                                     - 

A Ferguson                                                                                            63.7                                            63.7                                     - 

N Dulieu                                                                                                 53.7                                            53.7                                     - 

F Ecsery                                                                                                 43.7                                            43.7                                     - 

C Walkinshaw1                                                                                      40.0                                            40.0                                     - 

K Jenkins1                                                                                              40.0                                            40.0                                     - 

1 Christopher Walkinshaw and Kathy Jenkins are nominated directors of  Marshall of  Cambridge (Holdings) Ltd with the fee 
payable in respect of  their undertakings as a Non-Executive Director payable to Marshall of  Cambridge (Holdings) Ltd. 

2

2020 salaries and fees are stated before the voluntary salary and fee reductions. The amounts actually paid in 2020 are set 
out in the single total figure of  remuneration table above.  

Until such time as the revised annual bonus arrangements under the Revised Remuneration Policy are implemented, the 
maximum potential annual bonus for the year ending 31 December 2021 will be 125% of salary for the Chief Executive Officer 
and 100% of salary for the Chief Financial Officer. For FY2021, it is intended that the bonus will be based on PBT achievement 
and will be subject to performance underpins on Health & Safety and FCA compliance. Given the on-going level of uncertainty 
for FY2021, we retain discretion to set a PBT target for the first half of the year and a PBT target for the second half of the year. 
No bonus would be paid until after the end of the full financial year and the bonus for each half year would be subject to the 
Remuneration Committee’s assessment of the Group’s holistic financial performance across the full year. 

The Remuneration Committee intends to grant options under the PSP in 2021 at an appropriate time which will be no earlier 
than August 2021. At the point that the Remuneration Committee consider it appropriate to implement the revised Policy, it is 
intended that 50% of the PSP will be based on a matrix of revenue and net margin performance, 30% on the achievement of 
stretching Return on Capital targets, 10% on the achievement of strategic goals – most likely ESG measures and 10% on 
employee engagement. In the event it is deemed unfeasible to set meaningful financial targets, the fallback position will be to 
award Restricted Shares in line with those granted in 2019 and 2020. 

By order of the Board 

Nicky Dulieu 
Chair of Remuneration Committee 
8 March 2021

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GOVERNANCE 

Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law 
and regulations.  

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the Directors have 
elected to prepare the group financial statements in accordance with international accounting standards in conformity with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and the company financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally 
Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company law the Directors 
must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the 
Group and Company and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period. The Directors are also required to prepare financial 
statements in accordance with the rules of the London Stock Exchange for companies trading securities on AIM.  

In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are required to: 

•

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

• make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

•

•

state whether they have been prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union, subject to any material 
departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; 

prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Group and 
Company will continue in business. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company’s 
transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and enable them to ensure 
that the financial statements comply with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding 
the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

Website publication 
The Directors are responsible for ensuring the Annual Report and the financial statements are made available on a website.  
Financial statements are published on the Group’s and Company’s website in accordance with legislation in the United Kingdom 
governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements, which may vary from legislation in other jurisdictions. The 
maintenance and integrity of the Group’s and Company’s website is the responsibility of the Directors. The Directors’ responsibility 
also extends to the ongoing integrity of the financial statements contained therein.

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Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc

Opinion on the financial statements 
In our opinion: 

•

•

•

•

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the Parent Company’s affairs as at 
31 December 2020 and of the Group’s profit for the year then ended; 

the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with international accounting standards in 
conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006;  

the Parent Company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally 
Accepted Accounting Practice; and 

the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

We have audited the financial statements of Marshall Motor Holdings plc (the ‘Parent Company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘Group’) 
for the year ended 31 December 2020 which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, the Consolidated 
and Company Balance Sheet, the Consolidated and Company Statement of Changes in Equity, the Consolidated Cash Flow 
Statement, and notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies.  

The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the Group financial statements is applicable law 
and international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. The financial reporting 
framework that has been applied in the preparation of the Parent Company financial statements is applicable law and United 
Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 The Financial Reporting Standard in the United 
Kingdom and Republic of Ireland (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice). 

Basis for opinion 
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our 
responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 
section of our report. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our 
opinion.  

Independence 
We remain independent of the Group and the Parent Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to 
our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have 
fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements.  

Conclusions relating to going concern 
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the Directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the 
preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. Our evaluation of the Directors’ assessment of the Group and the Parent 
Company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting included building on our understanding of the 
business model, objectives, strategies and related business risk, the measurement and review of the entity’s financial performance 
including forecasting and budgeting processes and the entity’s risk assessment process.  

In light of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resultant economic uncertainty, as described in the going concern accounting policy 
in note 1, we considered the ability of the Group to operate within its facilities and continue as a going concern in this environment 
to be a Key Audit Matter. 

Management has forecast a number of scenarios. This is described further in the going concern accounting policy in Note 1 to 
these accounts. 

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Our procedures included the following: 

•

•

Reviewing management’s assessment of going concern through analysis of the Group’s cash flow forecast through to 
31 December 2022, including assessing and challenging the assumptions underlying the forecasts by reference to our own 
knowledge of the industry and also commentary made by industry experts (e.g. SMMT, CAP). We looked at the relevance 
and  reliability  of  underlying  data  used  to  make  the  assessment  via  consideration  of  the  underlying  assumptions  and 
agreement to underlying forecasts, appropriately sensitised where required by various scenarios. 

As part of this process we have considered the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact on the forecasts, within 
which management have built four potential scenarios dependent on the severity of the impact.  We have considered these 
scenarios in the context of what would be considered a reasonable worst-case scenario and also considered the underlying 
assumptions of the forecasts to industry commentary.  

• We also obtained an understanding of the financing facilities, including the nature of these facilities, repayment terms and 
covenants. We then assessed the facility headroom calculations on both a base case scenario, and management’s downside 
scenarios as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. 

• We considered the likelihood of each scenario happening and considered what actions the group has available should there 

be a potential covenant breach. 

•

The adequacy and appropriateness of disclosures in the financial statements regarding the going concern assessment. 

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, 
individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least 
twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.  

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the Directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections 
of this report. 

Overview 
Coverage                               100% of Group profit before tax 

                                               100% of Group revenue 

                                               100% of Group total assets 

                                                                                                                                                                         2020 
Key Audit Matters                Valuation of inventory provisions                                                                     3 
                                               Assessment of the carrying value of goodwill and other intangible assets    3 
                                               Going concern                                                                                                  3 

Materiality                             Group financial statements as a whole 

                                               £967,000 based on 5% of profit before tax over the last 3 years. 

An overview of  the scope of  our audit 
Our Group audit was scoped by obtaining an understanding of the Group and its environment, including the Group’s system of 
internal control, and assessing the risks of material misstatement in the financial statements.  We also addressed the risk of 
management override of internal controls, including assessing whether there was evidence of bias by the Directors that may 
have represented a risk of material misstatement. 

At 31 December 2020 the Group had 34 components whose transactions and balances are included in the consolidated 
accounting records. Three components, including the parent company, were considered to be significant components and were 
subject to a full scope audit.  

Each component’s financial information could be selected for the purpose of representative sampling and key item testing. Of 
these 34 components, 20 have been audited to group materiality. For these components, the group audit team, carried out 
targeted procedures in respect of revenue, profit, assets and liabilities, and in doing so the group audit team tested 100% of 
group revenue applicable to other components. Eleven components are dormant.  

All work was carried out by the group audit team. 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Key Audit Matters 
Key Audit Matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the financial 
statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to 
fraud) that we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in 
the audit, and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the 
financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 
In addition to the matter set out in the ‘Conclusions Relating to Going Concern’ section above, we determined the following to be 
Key Audit Matters: 

                                                                                                                               How the scope of  our audit  
Key Audit Matter                                                                                                        addressed the Key Audit Matter 

Vehicle inventory provisions 
Please refer to Note 18, accounting 
policies in Note 2, and key sources 
of  estimation uncertainty in Note 4.

The Group has a significant holding of 
new and used vehicle inventory. 

Vehicles  held  as  inventory  have  the 
potential  to  depreciate  and  decline  in 
value over the period of ownership by 
the Group and as a result management 
have included a provision against these 
inventories of £7.8m. Value volatility is 
in response to market conditions and is 
deemed a higher risk in relation to used, 
demonstrator and pre-registered vehicle 
inventory. 

The  valuation  of  vehicle  inventory 
provisions  is  subject  to  significant 
judgement. Therefore there is a risk that 
inventory could be misstated. 

We gained an understanding of the method 
applied  by  management  in  performing  its 
inventory provisioning calculation and tested 
the  methodology  was  being  applied  in  line 
with the Group’s policy. 

We recalculated management’s provision and 
agreed  the  valuation  of  inventory  to  post 
year-end sales (if the vehicle was sold) or to  
independent third party market values (CAP 
Clean) to check that inventory is valued at the 
lower of cost and net realisable value. 

We  have  further  considered  management 
judgements around the expected movement 
in used vehicle values in the context of the 
anticipated realisation of the inventories.  This 
involved  consideration  of  the  sales  rate  for 
vehicles and the expected future changes in 
vehicle value by reference to industry expert 
forecasts.  These considerations included an 
analysis  of 
latest 
Government lockdown on the Group’s trading 
performance since the year end.  In addition 
we  have  valued  all  unsold  vehicles  to 
independent  valuation  data 
to 
corroborate  management  judgements  over 
the fall in vehicle values. 

impact  of 

(CAP) 

the 

the 

We evaluated the accuracy of the provision in 
the prior period to assess management’s long 
term forecasting ability and compared the post 
year  end  utilisation  of  the  provision  in  the 
current year to the comparable period in the 
prior year. 

Key observations: 
Based  on 
the  procedures  performed, 
inventory  provisions  are  supported  by 
reasonable assumptions. 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

                                                                                                                               How the scope of  our audit  
Key audit matter                                                                                                         addressed the key audit matter 

Assessment of  the carrying 
value of  goodwill and other 
intangible assets 
Please refer to Note 14, accounting 
policies in Note 2, and key sources 
of  estimation uncertainty in Note 4.

We  performed  a  review  of  the  Group’s 
goodwill and intangible assets and examined 
for indicators of impairment. 

We  also  reviewed 
impairment  reviews 
prepared  by  management,  specifically 
reviewing  the  integrity  of  management’s 
value-in-use model and, with the assistance 
of our valuation experts, we challenged the 
key  inputs,  being  forecast  growth  rates, 
operating cash flows and the discount rate. 

Our  audit  procedures  for  the  review  of 
operating  cash  flows  and  forecast  growth 
rates  included,  amongst  others,  comparing 
the forecast to recent financial performance 
and budgets approved by the Board; using 
market  data  to  independently  calculate  a 
discount  rate  for  comparison.  We  also 
performed our own sensitivity analysis on the 
key valuation inputs. 

We have also considered the basis for the use 
of the franchise basis for determining CGUs 
when compared with our understanding of the 
Group’s reporting and management structure. 

We  have  considered  the  adequacy  of  the 
disclosures made in the financial statements 
against the requirements of the accounting 
standards. 

Key observations: 
Based  on  the  procedures  performed,  we 
concur  with 
the 
in 
disclosures  made  by  management 
assessing the carrying value of goodwill and 
other intangible assets.

judgements  and 

the 

that  has  arisen 

The  Group  has  a  significant  value  of 
goodwill 
from 
acquisitions as well as other intangible 
assets 
franchise 
agreements. 

form  of 

the 

in 

Goodwill is allocated to cash generating 
by 
units 
manufacturer brand. 

(“CGU’S) 

grouped 

There is a risk that these CGU’s may 
not  achieve  the  anticipated  financial 
performance  to  support  their  carrying 
value, leading to an impairment charge 
that  should  be 
recognised  by 
management. 

Significant  judgement  is  required  in 
forecasting the future cash flows of each 
CGU due to the current conditions in the 
automotive  market  and 
the  wider 
economy, together with the rate at which 
they are discounted. 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Our application of  materiality 
We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, and in evaluating the effect of misstatements.  We 
consider materiality to be the magnitude by which misstatements, including omissions, could influence the economic decisions 
of reasonable users that are taken on the basis of the financial statements.  

In order to reduce to an appropriately low level the probability that any misstatements exceed materiality, we use a lower materiality 
level, performance materiality, to determine the extent of testing needed. Importantly, misstatements below these levels will not 
necessarily be evaluated as immaterial as we also take account of the nature of identified misstatements, and the particular 
circumstances of their occurrence, when evaluating their effect on the financial statements as a whole.  

Based on our professional judgement, we determined materiality for the financial statements as a whole and performance 
materiality as follows: 

                                                                                                                         Parent Company  
                                              Group Financial Statements                          Financial Statements 

2020

Materiality

£967,000

2020

£600,000

Basis for determining 
materiality

Rationale for the 
benchmark applied

5% of profit before tax over the last 3 years

62% of group materiality

We considered 5% of profit before tax to be a 
key  performance  benchmark  for  the  Group 
and the users of the financial statements in 
assessing financial performance.

We  considered  net  assets  to  be  the  most 
appropriate  measure  as  the  Parent  Company  is 
primarily an investment holding company. However 
materiality was calculated as a percentage of group 
materiality  due  to  aggregated  consideration  of 
significant component materiality levels.

Performance materiality

£580,000

£360,000

Basis for determining 
performance materiality

On the basis of our risk assessment, together 
with our assessment of the Group’s control 
that 
environment,  our 
performance  materiality  for  the  financial 
statements should be 60%.

judgement 

is 

On the basis of our risk assessment, together with 
our  assessment  of 
the  Company’s  control 
environment,  our  judgement  is  that  performance 
materiality  for  the  financial  statements  should 
be 60%.

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Component materiality 
We set materiality for each significant component of the Group based on a percentage of between 34% and 92% of group 
materiality dependent on the size and our assessment of the risk of material misstatement of that component.  Component 
materiality in respect of these significant components ranged from £300,000 to £800,000. In the audit of each component, we 
further applied performance materiality levels of 60% of the component materiality to our testing to ensure that the risk of errors 
exceeding component materiality was appropriately mitigated. 

Reporting threshold   
We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to them all individual audit differences in excess of £19,340. We also 
agreed to report differences below this threshold that, in our view, warranted reporting on qualitative grounds. 

Other information 
The Directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the Report 
and Financial Statements other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial 
statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not 
express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider 
whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of 
the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material 
misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements 
themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, 
we are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Other Companies Act 2006 reporting 
Based on the responsibilities described below and our work performed during the course of the audit, we are required by the 
Companies Act 2006 and ISAs (UK) to report on certain opinions and matters as described below.   

Strategic Report 
and Directors’ 
Report 

Matters on which 
we are required to 
report by 
exception

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

•

•

the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report for the financial year for which 
the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and 

the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal 
requirements. 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and Parent Company and its environment 
obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report 
or the Directors’ Report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 
requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

•

•

•

•

adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Parent Company, or returns adequate for our 
audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 

the Parent Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and 
returns; or 

certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 

we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

9696

 
 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Responsibilities of  Directors 
As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities, the Directors are responsible for the preparation of the 
financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the Directors 
determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due 
to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s and the Parent Company’s ability 
to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of 
accounting unless the Directors either intend to liquidate the Group or the Parent Company or to cease operations, or have no 
realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of  the financial statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is 
a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a 
material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or 
in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these 
financial statements. 

Extent to which the audit was capable of  detecting irregularities, including fraud 
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our 
responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. 

Procedures performed by the group audit team included: 

•

Discussions with management regarding known or suspected instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations, 
including discussions with the Group’s Internal Audit and Compliance teams; 

• Obtaining an understanding of controls designed to prevent and detect irregularities, including specific consideration of 
controls and group accounting policies relating to significant accounting estimates such as vehicle inventory provisions (as 
noted in key audit matters above); 

• Obtaining an understanding of the significant laws and regulations impacting the group and the motor retail industry, including 

data protection laws and regulations around FCA compliance; 

•

•

Assessing journals entries as part of our planned audit approach, with a particular focus on journal entries to key financial 
statement areas such as revenue and inventories; and 

Consideration of significant management judgements, particularly in respect of the underlying assumptions in impairment 
assessments (as detailed within key audit matters above). 

Our audit procedures were designed to respond to risks of material misstatement in the financial statements, recognising that 
the risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error, as 
fraud may involve deliberate concealment by, for example, forgery, misrepresentations or through collusion. There are inherent 
limitations in the audit procedures performed and the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations is from the 
events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely we are to become aware of it. 

further  description  of  our 

A 
www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.  This description forms part of our Auditor’s Report. 

is  available  on 

responsibilities 

the  Financial  Reporting  Council’s  website  at: 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Use of  our report 
This Report is made solely to the Parent Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the 
Companies Act 2006.  Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Parent Company’s members those 
matters we are required to state to them in an Auditor’s Report and for no other purpose.  To the fullest extent permitted by law, 
we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Parent Company and the Parent Company’s members as a 
body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Stephen Le Bas (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
For and on behalf of BDO LLP, Statutory Auditor 
Southampton, UK 
8 March 2021 

BDO LLP is a limited liability partnership registered in England and Wales (with registered number OC305127). 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Consolidated Statement of  Comprehensive Income 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

                                                                                                Non-                                                        
                                                         Underlying          underlying                                     Underlying
                                                                   items                   items                    Total                   items
                                                                    2020                    2020                    2020                    2019
                                               Note             £’000                   £’000                   £’000                   £’000

Non- 
underlying 
items
2019
£’000

Total 
2019 
£’000 

Revenue                                5    2,154,415                        -         2,154,415         2,276,129

Cost of sales                              (1,916,225)                       -        (1,916,225)       (2,015,328)

Gross profit                                   238,190                        -            238,190            260,801

Net operating expenses                (207,068)                 (590)          (207,658)          (228,772)

Operating profit                              31,122                  (590)             30,532              32,029

-

-

-

2,276,129 

(2,015,328) 

260,801 

(2,443)

(2,443)

(231,215) 

29,586 

Net finance costs                 10       (10,176)                       -             (10,176)              (9,943)

-

Profit before taxation           6         20,946                  (590)             20,356              22,086

(2,443)

(9,943) 

19,643 

Taxation                               11         (4,425)              (2,011)              (6,436)              (4,177)

112

(4,065) 

Profit from continuing  
operations after tax                        16,521               (2,601)             13,920              17,909

(2,331)

15,578 

Total comprehensive  

income for the year  
net of  tax                                         16,521               (2,601)             13,920              17,909

(2,331)

15,578 

Earnings per share (EPS)  
attributable to equity  
shareholders of  the parent  
(pence per share) 
Basic                                    12             21.1                                           17.8                  22.9

Diluted                                 12             20.6                                           17.4                  22.6

All activities of the Group in both the current and prior period are continuing.

19.9 

19.7 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Consolidated Balance Sheet 
At 31 December 2020 

Non-current assets 
Goodwill and other intangible assets
Property, plant and equipment
Right-of-use assets
Investment property
Non-current financial assets
Total non-current assets

Current assets 
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Assets classified as held for sale
Current tax assets
Total current assets
Total assets

Non-current liabilities 
Loans and borrowings
Lease liabilities
Trade and other payables
Provisions
Deferred tax liabilities
Total non-current liabilities

Current liabilities 
Loans and borrowings
Lease liabilities
Trade and other payables
Provisions
Current tax liabilities
Total current liabilities
Total liabilities
Net assets
Shareholders’ equity 
Share capital
Share premium
Share-based payments reserve
Own shares reserve
Retained earnings
Total equity 

                                                               2020
                   Note                                   £'000

                       14                                119,533
                       15                               158,303
                       16                                 98,832
                       17                                   1,498
                       16                                   1,334
                                                          379,500

                       18                               362,879
                       19                                 65,780
                       20                                 33,844
                       21                                      703
                                                                 295
                                                          463,501
                                                          843,001

                       23                                   4,383
                       16                                 88,383
                       22                                   6,008
                       24                                      540
                       25                                 22,715
                                                          122,029

                       23                                      641
                       16                                 10,961
                       22                               491,248
                       24                                   2,190
                                                                      - 
505,040
627,069
215,932

                       28                                 50,068
                       28                                 19,672
                       29                                   1,586
                       29                                       (12)
                                                          144,618
                                                          215,932

2019 
£'000 

119,260 
159,293 
107,967 
3,638 
1,442 
391,600 

470,700 
87,462 
110 
797 
-  
559,069 
950,669 

5,024 
97,396 
6,371 
299 
20,134 
129,224 

25,641 
10,689 
578,010 
3,085 
1,704 
619,129 
748,353 
202,316 

50,068 
19,672 
1,025 
(12) 
131,563 
202,316 

The consolidated financial statements of Marshall Motor Holdings plc were approved for issue by the Board of Directors on 
8 March 2021. 

Daksh Gupta
Chief Executive Officer

Richard Blumberger 
Chief Financial Officer 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Consolidated Statement of  Changes in Equity 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

                                                                                                                                            Share-                       
                                                                                                                                            based               Own
                                                                                                  Share          Share      payments           shares
                                                                                                 capital     premium          reserve          reserve
                                                                              Note             £’000           £’000             £’000              £’000
Balance at 1 January 2019                                         49,834       19,672           1,570                   -

Profit for the year                                                                    -                 -                   -                   -

Total comprehensive income                                              -                 -                   -                   -

Retained
earnings
£’000
122,962

Total 
equity 
£’000 
194,038 

15,578

15,578

15,578 

15,578 

Transactions with owners                                                                                                               

Dividends paid                                                  13                  -                 -                   -                   -

(7,223)

(7,223) 

Issue of share capital                                       28              234                 -                   -             (234)

Exercise of share options                                 29                  -                 -          (1,675)             385

Acquisition of own shares                                 29                  -                 -                   -             (163)
Share-based payments charge                        29                  -                 -           1,130                   -

-

246

-
-

- 

(1,044) 

(163) 
1,130 

Balance at 31 December 2019                                    50,068       19,672           1,025               (12)

131,563

202,316 

Change in accounting policy                              3                  -                 -                   -                   -

(865)

(865) 

Balance at 1 January 2020                                         50,068       19,672           1,025               (12)

130,698

201,451 

Profit for the year                                                                    -                 -                   -                   -

13,920

13,920 

Total comprehensive income                                              -                 -                   -                   -

13,920

13,920 

Transactions with owners                                                                                                               

Share-based payments charge                        29                  -                 -              561                   -

-

561 

Balance at 31 December 2020                                    50,068       19,672           1,586               (12)

144,618

215,932 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Operating profit
Adjustments for:
Depreciation and amortisation
Share-based payments charge
Profit on disposal of assets classified as held for sale
Loss on disposal of property plant and equipment
Profit on disposal and remeasurement of  
right-of-use assets and lease liabilities
Loss on impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets
Loss on impairment of right-of use assets
Loss on impairment of property, plant and equipment
(Profit) / loss on disposal of investment property
Gain on revaluation of investment properties
Cash flows from operating activities before working capital

Decrease / (increase) in inventories
Decrease / (increase) in trade and other receivables
(Decrease) / increase in trade and other payables
(Decrease) / increase in provisions
Settlement of defined benefit pension scheme
Total cash flows generated by operations

Tax paid
Interest paid on lease liabilities
Other net finance costs
Net cash inflow from operating activities
Investing activities 
Purchase of property, plant, equipment and software
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired
Lease payments received under finance lease 
Interest received under finance leases
Net proceeds from disposal / (purchase) of investment property
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Proceeds from disposal of assets classified as held for sale
Net cash outflow from investing activities

Financing activities 
Proceeds from borrowings
Repayment of borrowings
Repayment of lease liabilities
Dividends paid
Purchase of own shares 
Settlement of exercised share awards
Net cash (outflow) / inflow from financing activities

Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January
Cash and cash equivalents at year end

Note

6

6
6

6
6
6
6
6
17

14/15
14

13
29
29

30
30

102
102

2020
£’000
30,532

22,515
668
(1,563)
402

(318)
193
527
25
(148)
- 
52,833

109,154
20,640
(85,978)
(654)
- 
95,995

(5,700)
(3,103)
(7,073)
80,119

(11,722)
(2,944)
185
83
2,288
329
2,360
(9,421)

40,000
(65,641)
(11,323)
- 
- 
- 
(36,964)

33,734
110
33,844

2019 
£’000 
29,586 

19,995 
1,282 
-  
411 

(403) 
-  
1,081 
708 
72 
(610) 
52,122 

(69,893) 
(7,677) 
83,946 
379 
(5,567) 
53,310 

(4,698) 
(3,068) 
(6,875) 
38,669 

(19,433) 
(27,397) 
201 
63 
(72) 
420 
-  
(46,218) 

70,000 
(45,641) 
(9,780) 
(7,223) 
(163) 
(708) 
6,485 

(1,064) 
1,174 
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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Net Debt Reconciliation 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Reconciliation of  net cash flow to movement in net debt

Net increase / (decrease) in net cash and cash equivalents

Proceeds from drawdown of RCF

Repayment of drawdown of RCF

Repayment of other borrowings

Change in lease liability commitments

Repayment of lease liabilities

Decrease / (increase) in net debt

Opening net debt

Net debt at year end

Lease liabilities

Adjusted net cash / (debt) at year end (non GAAP measure)

Net debt at year end consists of: 

Cash and cash equivalents

Loans and borrowings

Lease liabilities

Closing net debt

Note

2020
£’000

2019 
£’000 

23

23

23

30

30

30

30

16

20

23

16

30

33,734

(40,000)

65,000

641

(2,582)

11,323

68,116

(138,640)

(1,064) 

(70,000) 

45,000 

641 

(30,223) 

9,780 

(45,866) 

(92,774) 

(70,524)

(138,640) 

(99,344)

28,820

(108,085) 

(30,555) 

33,844

(5,024)

(99,344)

(70,524)

110 

(30,665) 

(108,085) 

(138,640)

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Presentation of  the financial statements 

General information 

Marshall Motor Holdings plc (the Company) is incorporated and domiciled in the United Kingdom. The Company is a public 
limited company, limited by shares, whose shares are listed on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) of the London Stock 
Exchange. The Company is registered in England under the Companies Act 2006 (registration number 02051461) with the 
address of the registered office being; Airport House, The Airport, Cambridge, CB5 8RY, United Kingdom.  

The financial statements of Marshall Motor Holdings plc were authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 8 March 2021.  

Basis of  preparation 

The consolidated financial statements of the Company are prepared in accordance with international accounting standards in 
conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

The consolidated financial statements include the results of the Company and its subsidiaries (together “the Group”); a schedule 
of all subsidiaries is contained in Note 6 ‘Investments in Subsidiaries’ of the Company financial statements (page 166). The 
consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention as modified by the revaluation of 
investment properties and assets held for sale.  

During the year the Group has adopted the amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial statements, IAS 8 Accounting 
Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors, IFRS 3 Business Combinations which has had no impact on the 
financial statements. The Group has also adopted the amendment to IFRS 16 Leases which has not had a material impact on 
the financial statements. Full details of the impact of adoption are set out in Note 3 ‘Changes in Accounting Policies and 
Disclosures’. 

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in Sterling, which is both the functional currency of the Group’s subsidiaries 
and presentational currency of the Group. All values are rounded to the nearest thousand pounds (£’000) except where otherwise 
indicated. 

Going concern 

The consolidated financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis. After making appropriate enquiries, the Directors 
have a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable 
future and for at least one year from the date that these consolidated financial statements are signed. For these reasons they 
continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the consolidated financial statements. Accordingly, these financial 
statements do not include any adjustments to the carrying amount or classification of assets and liabilities that would result if the 
Group were unable to continue as a going concern. 

The Directors have considered the future prospects and performance of the Group including the potential for further disruption 
arising from the restrictions put in place by the UK Government to control the spread of COVID-19 and the potential for longer 
lasting economic impacts both from COVID-19 and from any consequences of the EU trade deal. In preparing this assessment 
the Directors have considered the overall economic context, the principle risks as described on page 40, the Group’s business 
plans, the impact of any acquisitions, future cash flows and availability of core and auxiliary financing facilities. Details of the 
assessment conducted by the Directors is set out below. 

At the date of approval of the consolidated financial statements, the UK is coming to the end of a national lock down under which 
the Group’s on-site trading activities are restricted, but have to a large extent been able to continue through the use of “click & 
collect” for sales of new and used vehicles. During the period of restrictions the Group has been able to successfully match the 
sales activity levels with staffing levels by continuing to utilise the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme. 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Presentation of  the financial statements (continued) 

Going concern (continued) 

As set out in the Operating Review on page 10 and the Financial Review on page 34, the response to the COVID-19 pandemic 
has had an impact on the Group’s trading and cash flows, both positive and negative, for the year ended 31 December 2020. 
The Group has taken (and is continuing to take) actions to conserve cash and mitigate losses where these arise as well as 
drawing on the applicable support measures introduced by the UK Government, including the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, 
the Expanded Retail Discount 2020/21 for business rates, and the deferral of VAT payments. While this support has been 
beneficial, the better-than-expected performance in the second half of 2020 permitted the Group to repay all deferred VAT amounts 
in full during September 2020, ahead of the due date. 

Banking facilities and funding position  

At 31 December 2020 the Group had £120m of committed but undrawn banking facilities made available under a facility 
agreement due to expire in January 2023. The Group’s banking facilities were renegotiated during the Year, with a new agreement 
being successfully concluded on 29 July 2020. In recognition of the potential for trading volatility at the time the new agreement 
was entered into, an amended covenant package was agreed for the period up to and including 30 June 2021. This amended 
covenant package included a suspension of testing of the core leverage and interest cover ratios. 

The profitability and cash generation of the Group since the new funding agreement was signed has permitted a mutually agreed 
return to normal covenant testing from 31 March 2021, three months earlier than originally envisaged. 

The Group has not made use of any borrowing under the COVID-19 Corporate Financing Facility or the Coronavirus Large 
Business Interruption Loan Scheme.  

In addition to its core banking facilities, the Group has access to vehicle inventory funding arrangements of which £364.9m was 
utilised at 31 December 2020. 

Assessment of  the Group’s financial position  

During the 12 months covered by these consolidated financial statements, the Group has, in common with most businesses, 
experienced substantial disruption arising as a result of the measures taken in respect of the COVID-19 pandemic. Further details 
of the impacts are set out in the Operating Review on page 10 and the Financial Review on page 34. 

The Directors have assessed the potential on-going impact of the measures intended to counter the COVID-19 pandemic. In 
addition, consideration has been given to longer-term risks arising from the economic impact of the pandemic restrictions, as 
well as the now concluded trade deal with the EU. 

The Directors acknowledge that there remains uncertainty regarding the timing of a full resumption of normal economic activity 
globally, the lifting of restrictions in the UK and the potential for some further disruption to the UK economy as individuals and 
businesses adapt to the trade deal with the EU. 

The Group has demonstrated significant resilience to issues faced during 2020. The ability to adapt and accelerate the business 
model to carry out more distance selling, the strength of the balance sheet, and the renegotiation of the core funding facilities 
have all contributed to enhancing the business during 2020 and into 2021. In addition, the support received from OEM partners, 
the UK Government and other key partners has all helped to strengthen the financial position, leaving the Group in a strong 
position to cope with any further disruption. 

The Group does not expect ongoing material disruption to its supply chains, either as a result of further factory shutdowns or 
issues with the importation of vehicles and parts. The Group’s access to labour and skills is not expected to be materially adversely 
impacted by the end of the free movement of labour between the UK and the EU. 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Presentation of  the financial statements (continued) 

Going concern (continued) 

Assessment of  the Group’s financial position (continued) 

To support the assessment of the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, the following scenarios have been modelled: 

•

•

•

•

An upside scenario where there is a rapid economic recovery. Under this scenario, performance in 2021 returns to the level 
anticipated in the original Board approved budget which was prepared prior to the announcement of additional lockdown 
measures during the final quarter of 2020. 

A short-term downside scenario, where the lockdown continues for the whole of the first quarter of 2021. This results in 25% 
loss of sales in January and February and 45% loss of sales in March, this is partially offset by a 10% saving in overhead 
costs during the lockdown period, supported by the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme. There is then a return to normal 
trading performance for the remainder of 2021 and into 2022. 

A medium-term downside scenario, in which there is a lockdown for the first quarter of 2021 with the impact described above, 
followed by further lockdown for the whole of the last quarter of 2021. The lockdown in the last quarter results in a 25% loss 
of sales. These losses are offset by a 10% saving in overhead costs during both lockdown periods. There is then a return to 
normal trading performance in 2022. 

A longer-term downside scenario, in which there are further lockdowns. The associated trading impacts are as set out under 
the “medium-term downside” scenario described above and in addition, earnings for the whole of 2022 are 50% lower due 
to the macro-economic conditions arising from the disruption experienced during 2020 and forecast for 2021. Normal trading 
performance then returns in 2023. 

Under the upside scenario and short-term downside scenario, the Group is forecast to be able to continue to operate within the 
bank facility limits and to comply with the banking covenants set out in the funding agreements. 

Under the medium-term downside scenario and longer-term downside scenario, which the Directors consider to be remote 
possibilities, the Group would have sufficient finance facilities available to continue to trade but would breach the banking 
covenants  set  out  in  the  funding  agreements.  Based  upon  the  significant  resilience  the  business  has  demonstrated  both 
operationally and financially, as well as the level of support shown by funders to date, including a previous amendment to covenant 
requirements and reduction in the covenant package under the new funding agreement for the period up to 30 June 2021, the 
Directors believe that in either of these scenarios, appropriate amendments to covenant requirements would be provided by the 
Group’s funders. 

The Directors have therefore concluded that Company is able to continue as a going concern through to March 2022. 

2. Accounting policies 

Basis of  consolidation 

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Company. Control is achieved when the Group is exposed, or has rights, to variable 
returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. 
Specifically, the Group controls an investee if, and only if, the Group has: a) power over the investee (i.e., existing rights that give 
it the current ability to direct the relevant activities of the investee); b) exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement 
with the investee; and c) the ability to use its power over the investee to affect its returns. 

In assessing control potential voting rights that presently are exercisable or convertible are taken into account. Generally, there 
is a presumption that a majority of voting rights results in control. The Group re-assesses whether or not it controls an investee 
if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of the elements of control detailed above. 

The financial information of subsidiaries is included in the consolidated financial information from the date that control commences 
until the date that control ceases. Assets, liabilities, income and expenses of a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the year 
are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date the Group gains control until the date the Group ceases to 
control the subsidiary. 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2. Accounting policies (continued) 

Basis of  consolidation (continued) 

When the Group loses control over a subsidiary, it derecognises the related assets (including goodwill), liabilities, non-controlling 
interest and other components of equity, while any resultant gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss. Any investment retained 
is recognised at fair value. 

Transactions eliminated on consolidation 

Intragroup balances and any gains and losses or income and expenses arising from intragroup transactions, are eliminated in 
preparing the consolidated financial information. Losses are eliminated in the same way as gains but only to the extent that there 
is no evidence of impairment. 

Subsidiary audit exemption 

The consolidated financial statements include the results of all subsidiary undertakings owned by the Company as listed in Note 6 
‘Investments in Subsidiaries’ on page 166 of the Annual Report. 

Certain of the Group’s subsidiaries, listed below, have taken the exemption from an audit for the year ended 31 December 2020 
by virtue of s479A of the Companies Act 2006. In order to allow these subsidiaries to take the audit exemption, the parent company, 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc, has given a statutory guarantee of all the outstanding liabilities as at 31 December 2020 of the 
subsidiaries listed below.  

The subsidiaries which have taken an exemption from audit for the year ended 31 December 2020 by virtue of s479A of the 
Companies Act 2006 are: 

Astle Limited (reg no. 01114983)                                             Prep-Point Limited (reg no. 00660067) 
Crystal Motor Group Limited (reg no. 04813767)                   Ridgeway Bavarian Limited (reg no. 07930214) 
Exeter Trade Parts Specialists LLP (reg no. OC329331)      Ridgeway TPS Limited (reg no. 06112651) 
Marshall North West Limited (reg no. 00322817)                   S.G. Smith Automotive Limited (reg no. 00622112) 
Marshall of Cambridge (Garage Properties)                           S.G. Smith (Motors) Beckenham Limited (reg no. 00648395) 
Limited (reg no. 02051459)                                                     S.G. Smith (Motors) Crown Point Limited (reg no. 00581711) 
Marshall of Ipswich Limited (reg no. 04447940)                     S.G. Smith (Motors) Forest Hill Limited (reg no. 00581710) 
Marshall of Peterborough Limited (reg no. 04861074)           S.G. Smith Trade Parts Limited (reg no. 01794317) 
Marshall of Scunthorpe Limited (reg no. 01174004)              Silver Street Automotive Limited (reg no. 00716748) 
Marshall of Stevenage Limited (reg no. 06450140)               Tim Brinton Cars Limited (reg no. 01041301) 
Pentagon Limited (reg no. 01862751)                                     

Business combinations 

The Group applies the acquisition method to account for business combinations. The consideration transferred for the acquisition 
of a subsidiary is the fair value of the assets transferred, the liabilities incurred to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity 
interests issued by the Group. The consideration transferred includes the fair value of any asset or liability resulting from a 
contingent consideration arrangement.  

Any contingent consideration to be transferred by the Group is recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequent 
changes to the fair value of the contingent consideration that is deemed to be an asset or liability is recognised in accordance 
with IFRS 9 Financial Instruments in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. Contingent consideration that is 
classified as equity is not re-measured and its subsequent settlement is accounted for within equity. 

Acquisition related costs are expensed as incurred and are excluded from underlying profit before tax. 

On the acquisition of a business, fair values are attributed to the identifiable assets and liabilities and contingent liabilities unless 
the fair value cannot be reliably measured, in which case the value is subsumed into goodwill. With the exception of lease liabilities 
and right-of-use assets, in a business combination all identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including any contingent 
liabilities, that meet the recognition criteria under IFRS 3 Business Combinations are measured initially at their fair values at the 
acquisition date. 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Accounting policies (continued) 

Business combinations (continued) 

Lease liabilities are measured at the present value of lease payments under the lease term remaining as at the date of acquisition. 
When calculating the present value, the lease liability is discounted using the Group’s incremental borrowing rate as at the date 
of acquisition. The Group’s incremental borrowing rate is used as a proxy for the lessee’s rate on the basis that the interest rate 
implicit in the lease cannot be readily determined. The associated right-of-use assets acquired are recognised at the same value 
as the lease liability plus any dilapidation provisions. Where there are either favourable or unfavourable lease terms acquired, 
adjustment is made to increase or decrease the right-of-use asset balances respectively. 

Non-controlling interests 

The Group recognises any non-controlling interest in the acquiree on an acquisition by acquisition basis, either at fair value or at 
the non-controlling interest’s proportionate share of the recognised amounts of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets. 

Measurement period adjustments 

The Group assesses the fair value of assets acquired and finalises purchase price allocation within the measurement period 
following acquisition and in accordance with IFRS 3 Business Combinations. This includes an exercise to evaluate other material 
separately identifiable intangible assets such as franchise agreements, favourable leases and order backlog. 

The finalisation of purchase price allocations may result in a change in the fair value of assets acquired. In accordance with 
IFRS 3 Business Combinations measurement period adjustments are reflected in the financial statements as if the final purchase 
price allocation had been completed at the acquisition date. 

Goodwill 

Goodwill arises on the acquisition of subsidiaries and represents the excess of; the consideration transferred, the amount of any 
non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the acquisition date fair value of any previous equity interest in the acquiree over the 
fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. 

Where the fair value of the consideration received is less than the fair value of the acquired net assets, the deficit is recognised 
immediately in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income as a bargain purchase. Goodwill is capitalised and subject 
to an impairment review at least annually and is carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Impairment losses on 
goodwill are not reversed in subsequent periods. 

Intangible assets 

Intangible  assets,  when  acquired  separately  from  a  business  combination,  include  computer  software  and  licences.  Cost 
comprises purchase price from third parties and amortisation is calculated on a straight line basis over the assets’ expected 
economic lives, which varies depending on the nature of the asset. Licenses are amortised over the length of the licence and 
software is amortised between 3-5 years. 

Intangible assets acquired as part of a business combination include franchise agreements. These items are capitalised separately 
from goodwill if the asset is separable or if the benefit of the intangible asset is obtained through contractual or other legal rights 
and if its fair value can be measured reliably on initial recognition. Such assets are stated at fair value. Franchise agreements 
have an indefinite useful life, therefore are not amortised. 

Intangible assets with an indefinite useful economic life are tested annually for impairment. Amortisation is included within net 
operating expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

Property, plant and equipment 

Items of property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and less any recognised impairment 
loss. Cost includes the original purchase price of the asset and the costs attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition 
for its intended use. When parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives those components are 
accounted for as separate items of property, plant and equipment. Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount 
or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the 
item will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Accounting policies (continued) 

Property, plant and equipment (continued) 

Depreciation is charged to write assets down to their residual values over their estimated useful economic lives. Depreciation is 
charged on a straight-line basis over the following periods: 

•
•
•
•
•
•

Leasehold improvements – shorter of the lease term or 10 years 
Fixtures and fittings – 5 years 
Computer equipment – 2-5 years 
Freehold buildings – 50 years 
Land – indefinite life, not depreciated  
Assets under construction – not depreciated. 

The residual values and useful economic lives of assets are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each balance sheet date. 
The gains and losses on disposal of assets are determined by comparing sales proceeds with the carrying amount of the asset 
and are recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

Investment property 
Initial recognition 

Investment properties are measured initially at cost, including transaction costs. Investment properties include properties that 
are held as right-of-use assets, as well as properties that are owned by the Group. 

Subsequent measurement 

Land and buildings are shown at fair value based on formal valuations by external, independent valuers performed at least every 
three years and updated each year for the Directors’ estimate of value. Valuations are performed with sufficient regularity to 
ensure that the fair value of a revalued asset does not differ materially from its carrying amount. Investment property is not 
depreciated. Any surplus or deficit on revaluation is taken to the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income and is not 
included within underlying profit before tax. 

Derecognition 

Investment properties are derecognised either when they have been disposed of (i.e. at the date the recipient obtains control) or 
when they are permanently withdrawn from use and no future economic benefit is expected from their disposal. The difference 
between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset is recognised in the Consolidated Statement of 
Comprehensive Income in the period of derecognition. The amount of consideration to be included in the gain or loss arising 
from the derecognition of investment property is determined in accordance with the requirements for determining the transaction 
price under IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers. 

Impairment of  non-financial assets 

Assets not subject to amortisation are tested annually for impairment, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances 
indicate a potential impairment. Assets that are subject to amortisation are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes 
in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by 
which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value 
less costs to sell and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which 
there are separately identifiable cash inflows (cash generating units). Non-financial assets other than goodwill that suffered 
impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at each reporting date. 

Goodwill and franchise agreements acquired in a business combination are allocated to each of the cash generating units. For 
the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated to each of the cash generating units 
(“CGUs”), or groups of CGUs, that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. The group of CGUs to which 
the goodwill and franchise agreements are allocated (being groups of dealerships connected by manufacturer brand) represents 
the lowest level within the entity at which the goodwill and franchise agreements are monitored for internal management purposes. 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Accounting policies (continued) 

Inventories  

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Costs incurred in bringing each product to its present location 
and condition are included and cost is based on price including delivery costs less specific trade discounts. Net realisable value 
is based on estimated selling price less further costs to be incurred to disposal. Provision is made for obsolete, slow-moving or 
defective items where appropriate. 

Inventories  held  on  consignment  are  recognised  in  the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheet  (net  of  value  added  taxes),  with  a 
corresponding liability (including value added taxes) when the terms of a consignment agreement and industry practice indicate 
that the principal benefit of owning the inventory (the ability to sell it) and principal risks of ownership (stock financing charges, 
responsibility for safekeeping and some risk of obsolescence) rest with the Group. Stock financing charges from manufacturers 
and other vehicle funding facilities are presented within finance costs. These charges are expensed over the period that vehicles 
are funded. 

The Group finances the purchase of new and used vehicle inventories using vehicle funding facilities provided by various lenders 
including the captive finance companies associated with brand partners. These finance arrangements generally have a maturity 
of 90 days or less, however during the year ended 31 December 2020 in response to the COVID-19 restrictions most funders 
have offered extensions to the funding period of up to 90 days in addition to the original funding period, and the Group is normally 
required to repay amounts outstanding on the earlier of the sale of the vehicles that have been funded under the facilities or the 
stated maturity date. Amounts due to finance companies in respect of vehicle funding are included within trade payables and 
disclosed under vehicle financing arrangements. Related cash flows are reported within cash flows from operating activities within 
the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Vehicle financing facilities are subject to finance house base rate (or similar) interest 
rates. The interest incurred under these arrangements is included within finance costs and classified as stock holding interest. 

Cash and cash equivalents  

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and cash in hand.  

Assets held for sale 

Non-current assets are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction 
rather than through continuing use. This classification is used where a sale is considered highly probable. Assets held for sale 
are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and their fair value less costs to sell. 

An impairment loss is recognised for any initial or subsequent write-down of the asset to fair value less costs to sell. Any 
subsequent increase in the fair value less costs to sell of an asset is recognised where it is not in excess of any cumulative 
impairment loss which has been previously recognised. Non-current assets are not depreciated while they are classified as held 
for sale. Assets classified as held for sale are presented separately from other asset classes in the current assets section of the 
Consolidated Balance Sheet. 

On completion of the sale transaction, the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset is 
recognised  within  Net  Operating  Expenses  in  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income  in  the  period  of 
de-recognition. 

Financial instruments 
Financial assets 
Recognition and initial measurement 

Trade receivables are initially recognised when they originated. Trade receivables are amounts due from customers for goods 
sold or for services performed by the Group in the ordinary course of business. Credit terms are less than one year, as such they 
are recognised as current assets.  

All other financial assets are initially recognised when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. 

On initial recognition, a financial asset (unless it is a trade receivable without a significant financing component) is initially measured 
at fair value plus, for a financial asset not at fair value reported in profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to 
its acquisition or issue. A trade receivable without a significant financing component is initially measured at the transaction price. 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Accounting policies (continued) 

Financial instruments (continued) 

Financial assets (continued) 

Classification and subsequent measurement 

A financial asset is classified either as being; measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income 
or through profit or loss), or measured at amortised cost. The classification depends on the Group’s business model for managing 
the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows. 

All financial assets of the Group are classified as measured at amortised cost. 

Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition unless the Group changes its business model for 
managing financial assets in which case all affected financial assets are reclassified on the first day of the first reporting period 
following the change in the business model. 

A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at fair value 
reported in profit or loss: 

•
•

it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and 
its contractual terms give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the 
principal amount outstanding. 

Financial assets at amortised cost are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The 
amortised cost is reduced by impairment losses. Interest income, foreign exchange gains and losses and impairments are 
recognised in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on de-recognition is recognised in profit or loss. 

Derecognition 

The Group derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it 
transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of 
ownership of the financial asset are transferred or in which the Group neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks 
and rewards of ownership and it does not retain control of the financial asset. 

Impairment of  financial assets 

At each reporting date, the Group assesses whether financial assets carried at amortised cost are credit-impaired. A financial 
asset is ‘credit-impaired’ when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of the 
financial asset have occurred.  

The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off (either partially or in full) to the extent that there is no realistic prospect 
of recovery. This is generally the case when the Group determines that the debtor does not have assets or sources of income 
that could generate sufficient cash flows to repay the amounts subject to the write-off. However, financial assets that are written 
off could still be subject to enforcement activities in order to comply with the Group’s procedures for recovery of amounts due. 

The Group recognises loss allowances for expected credit losses (ECLs) on financial assets measured at amortised cost. ECLs 
are a probability-weighted estimate of credit losses. Credit losses are measured at the present value of all cash shortfalls (i.e. the 
difference between the cash flows due to the Group in accordance with the contract and the cash flows that the Group expects 
to receive). ECLs are discounted at the effective interest rate of the financial asset. Loss allowances for financial assets measured 
at amortised cost are deducted from the gross carrying amount of the assets. 

Loss allowances for finance lease receivables are measured by reference to default events that are possible within 12 months 
of the reporting date on the basis that the credit risk since initial recognition has not been subject to significant increase. 

Loss allowances for trade receivables are measured using a simplified approach based on the lifetime ECLs at each reporting 
date. An assessment of the lifetime ECLs is calculated using a provision matrix model to estimate the loss rates to be applied to 
each trade receivable category.  

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Accounting policies (continued) 

Financial instruments (continued) 

Financial liabilities 

The Group classifies its financial liabilities as measured at amortised cost. The classification of financial instruments is determined 
at initial recognition in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangement into which the Group has entered. 

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost include non-derivative financial liabilities which are held at original cost, less 
amortisation. Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost comprise mainly trade and other payables and borrowings (see 
below for the separate accounting policies for each specific financial liability). 

Offsetting financial instruments 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet when, and 
only when, the Group currently has a legally enforceable right to set off the amounts and it intends either to settle them on a net 
basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. 

Fair value measurement 

The Group measures non-financial assets such as investment properties, at fair value at each balance sheet date. Fair value is 
the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants 
at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or 
transfer the liability takes place either in the principal market for the asset or liability, or in the absence of a principal market, in 
the most advantageous market for the asset or liability. The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by 
the Group. 

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the 
asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest. A fair value measurement of a non-financial 
asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best 
use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use. 

The Group uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to 
measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs. All assets 
and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, 
described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole: 

•
•

•

Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities 
Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or 
indirectly observable 
Level  3  —  Valuation  techniques  for  which  the  lowest  level  input  that  is  significant  to  the  fair  value  measurement  is 
unobservable. 

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements at fair value on a recurring basis, the Group determines 
whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input 
that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.  

External valuers are involved for valuation of investment properties and assets held for sale. At each reporting date, the Directors 
consider movements in the values of assets and liabilities which are required to be remeasured or re-assessed as per the Group’s 
accounting policies. For this analysis, the Directors consider the major inputs applied in the latest valuation by reviewing the 
information in the valuation computation to valuation reports and other relevant documents. 

The Directors, in conjunction with the Group’s external valuers, also compare the change in the fair value of each asset and 
liability with relevant external sources to determine whether the change is reasonable.  

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Group has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, 
characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy, as explained above.  

Fair-value related disclosures for financial instruments and non-financial assets that are measured at fair value or where fair 
values are disclosed, are summarised in Note 27 ‘Fair Value Measurement’. 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Accounting policies (continued) 

Share capital 

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares are shown in share 
premium as a deduction from the proceeds. 

Dividend distribution 

Final dividends to the Group’s shareholders are recognised as a liability in the Group’s financial statements in the period in which 
the dividends are approved by the Group’s shareholders. Interim dividends are recognised when they are paid. 

Trade and other payables 

Trade payables are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business. These 
are classified as current liabilities if payment is due in one year or less. If payment is due at a later date they are presented as 
non-current liabilities. 

Trade payables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest 
rate method. 

Trade payables include the liability for vehicles (inclusive of value added taxes) held on consignment with the corresponding 
asset included within inventories (exclusive of value added taxes). 

Borrowings 

Borrowings comprise asset backed finance, mortgages and bank borrowings; they are recognised initially at fair value, net of 
transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently carried at amortised cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of 
transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income over the 
period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. 

Bank overdrafts, which form an integral part of the Group’s cash management, are included as a component of cash and cash 
equivalents for the purpose of presentation in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Bank overdrafts are presented within 
cash and cash equivalents in current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. 

Provisions 

A provision is recognised in the Consolidated Balance Sheet when the Group has; a present legal or constructive obligation as 
a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable 
estimate can be made of the obligation. If the effect is material provisions are determined by discounting the expected future 
cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and, when appropriate, the risks 
specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised in finance costs. 

Dilapidation provision 

The Group operates from a number of leasehold premises and is typically required by the terms of the lease to restore leased 
premises to their original condition on vacation of the premises at the end of the lease term. Estimates of dilapidation costs are 
calculated in accordance with the specific remediation requirements stipulated in each lease contract. At the point at which these 
remediation costs can be reliably estimated, a provision is recognised. 

Restructuring (closed sites) provision 

Provisions for restructuring costs are recognised at the point when a detailed restructuring plan is in place and the Group has 
either started to implement the plan or has announced the main features of the plan to those affected. Restructuring provisions 
include only direct expenditures necessarily entailed by the restructuring. 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Accounting policies (continued) 

Revenue recognition  

Revenue is measured based on the consideration received or receivable as specified in a contract with a customer and represents 
amounts receivable for goods supplied, stated net of discounts, returns and value added taxes. Revenue excludes amounts 
collected on behalf of third parties. Revenue comprises sales and charges for vehicles sold and services rendered during the 
period, excluding intercompany sales within the Group.  

The Group recognises revenue when it transfers control over a product or service to a customer, as described below. 

Sale of  motor vehicles, parts and aftersales services 

The Group generates revenue through the sale of new and used motor vehicles and through the provision of aftersales services 
in the form of vehicle servicing, maintenance, parts and repairs. The Group recognises revenue from the sale of new and used 
motor vehicles when a customer takes possession of the vehicle, at which point they have an obligation to pay in full and as such 
control is considered to transfer at this point. The Group typically receives cash equal to the invoice amount for most direct retail 
sales to consumers at the time the consumer takes possession of the vehicle. When the consumer has taken out a finance 
agreement to purchase the vehicle, in most instances the Group receives payment from the finance company at the time the 
consumer takes possession of the vehicle. Payment terms on sales to corporate customers typically range from 7 to 60 days. 
The Group recognises revenue from the provision of aftersales services when the service has been completed, at which point 
customers have an obligation to pay in full. The Group typically receives cash equal to the invoice amount for most direct retail 
sales to consumers at the time the service has been completed. Payment terms on sales to corporate customers typically range 
from 30 to 60 days. 

Sale of  warranty products 

Income received in respect of warranty policies sold and administered by the Group is recognised over the period during which 
a customer can exercise their rights under the warranty; as such, revenue is recognised over the period of the policy on a straight 
line basis. This is not a material revenue stream for the Group. 

Commission income 

The Group receives commissions when it arranges vehicle financing and related insurance products for its customers to purchase 
its products and services, acting as agent on behalf of various finance and insurance companies. Commissions are based on 
agreed rates. 

Where the Group acts as an agent on behalf of a principal, the associated income is recognised within revenue on completion 
of the arranging of the various products (i.e. at the point at which control passes to the customer). 

Certain commissions are received in advance of the customer buying the associated finance or insurance products from the 
Group as agent. The advance commissions are paid upfront and typically relate to periods of two to three years, depending on 
the arrangement. The advance commissions are recognised in revenue when sales of finance or insurance products are made. 
This can be over a year after the receipt of the advance. 

There is not deemed to be a financing component because, being an agency arrangement, the timing of the recognition of the 
commission income varies on the basis of the occurrence of future events that are not substantially within the control of the 
customer or the Group. As a consequence, the Group does not adjust any of the transaction prices for the time value of money. 

Rental income 

Rental income arising from operating leases on investment properties is recognised in revenue on a straight line basis over the 
period of the lease. Rental income is not disclosed separately from revenue from contracts with customers in the Consolidated 
Statement of Comprehensive Income due to the immateriality of this income stream.  

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Accounting policies (continued) 

Revenue recognition (continued) 

Contract liabilities 

Where the Group receives an amount of consideration in advance of completion of performance obligations under a contract 
with a customer, the value of the advance consideration is initially recognised as a contact liability in liabilities. Revenue is 
subsequently recognised as the performance obligations are completed over the period of the contract (i.e. as control is passed 
to the customer). Contract liabilities are presented within trade and other payables in the Consolidated Balance Sheet and 
disclosed in Note 22 ‘Trade and Other Payables’. 

Contract costs 

The Group applies the practical expedient in paragraph 94 of IFRS 15 and recognises the incremental costs of obtaining contracts 
as an expense when incurred if the amortisation period of the assets that the Group otherwise would have recognised is one 
year or less. 

Transaction price allocation to remaining performance obligations 

The Group applies the practical expedient in paragraph 121 of IFRS 15 and does not disclose information about remaining 
performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less. 

Disaggregation of  revenue 

Revenue recognised from contracts with customers has been disaggregated into categories that depict how the nature, amount, 
timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. This disclosure, as well as the reconciliation 
between the disaggregated revenue disclosures and the revenue figures disclosed for each of the Group’s reportable segments, 
is made in Note 5 ‘Segmental Information’. 

Supplier income 

The Group receives income from brand partners and other suppliers. The Group receives income from its suppliers based on 
specific agreements in place. These are generally based on achieving certain objectives such as specific sales volumes and 
maintaining agreed operational standards. This supplier income received is recognised as a deduction from cost of sales at the 
point when it is reasonably certain that the targets have been achieved for the relevant period and when income can be measured 
reliably based on the terms of each relevant supplier agreement.  

Supplier income that has been earned but not invoiced at the balance sheet date is recognised in other receivables and primarily 
relates to volume-based incentives that run up to the period end. 

Government grants 

Government grants are recognised where there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and all attached conditions 
will be complied with. All such grants relate to expense items. The grant is recognised as income on a systematic basis over the 
periods that the related costs, for which it is intended to compensate, are expensed.  

The grant income is disclosed in Net Operating Expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

Leases 

Group as lessee 

The Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. 

Right-of-use asset 

The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease 
payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle 
and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives 
received. 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Accounting policies (continued) 

Leases (continued) 

Right-of-use asset (continued) 

The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of 
the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically 
reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability. 

Lease liability 

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments to be made over the lease term that have not 
been paid at the lease commencement date. When calculating the present value, the lease liability is discounted using the Group’s 
incremental borrowing rate because the interest rate implicit in the lease cannot be readily determined. The incremental borrowing 
rate for the Group is used as a proxy for the lessee’s incremental borrowing rate on the basis that treasury functions are managed 
centrally and subsidiary entities’ access to facilities is via pooled, group-wide arrangements.  

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise: 

–
–

–

fixed payments, including in-substance fixed payments, less any lease incentives receivable; 
variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or rate as at the lease 
commencement date; and 
lease payments in an optional renewal period if the Group is reasonably certain to exercise an extension option. 

The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in 
future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the Group's estimate of the amount 
expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee or if the Group changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a 
purchase, extension or termination option. 

When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use 
asset, or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero. 

Short-term leases and leases of  low-value assets 

The Group has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases and leases of low-value 
assets. Short-term leases are those that do not contain a purchase option and have a lease term of 12 months or less. Low value 
assets are those with a value below £5,000. The Group recognises on a straight-line basis over the lease term the lease payments 
associated with these leases in net operating expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

Group as lessor 

The Group only acts as a lessor in the context of sub-lease arrangements. When the Group is an intermediate lessor, it accounts 
for its interests in the head lease and the sub-lease separately. It assesses the lease classification of a sub-lease as being either 
a finance lease or an operating lease with reference to the right-of-use asset arising from the head lease, not with reference to 
the underlying asset. To classify each sub-lease, an overall assessment is made as to whether the lease transfers to the lessee 
substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership incidental to ownership of the right-of-use asset. If this is the case, then the 
lease is a finance lease; if not, then it is an operating lease. As part of this assessment, the Group considers certain indicators 
such as whether the lease is for the major part of the economic life of the asset. If a head lease is a short-term lease to which the 
Group applies the short-term lease exemption described above, then it classifies the sub-lease as an operating lease. 

If an arrangement contains lease and non-lease components, the Group applies IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers 
to allocate the consideration in the contract. 

The Group recognises lease payments received under operating leases as income on a straight-line basis over the lease term 
as part revenue in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Accounting policies (continued) 

Share-based payments 

The Group operates a number of equity-settled, share-based compensation plans through which the Group allows employees 
to receive shares in the Company. 

Equity-settled share-based payments are measured at fair value (calculated excluding the effect of service and non-market based 
performance vesting conditions) at the date of grant. The share-based payment charge to be expensed is determined by reference 
to  the  fair  value  of  share  options  granted  and  is  recognised  as  an  employee  expense  within  underlying  earnings,  with  a 
corresponding increase in equity.  

The share-based payment charge is recognised on a straight-line basis over the vesting period (being the period over which all 
vesting conditions are to be satisfied). An award subject to graded vesting is accounted for as though it were multiple, separate 
awards, the number of awards being determined in direct correlation to the number of instalments in which the options vest. 

The share-based payment charge is based on the Group’s estimate of the number of options that are expected to vest. At each 
balance sheet date, the Group revises its estimates of the number of options that are expected to vest based on the non-market 
performance vesting conditions and service conditions. The Group’s remuneration policy gives the Remuneration Committee 
discretion to revise performance conditions to adjust for the impact of Group restructurings and reorganisations on incentive 
outcomes. The impact of any revisions to original vesting estimates or performance conditions is recognised in the Consolidated 
Statement of Comprehensive Income with a corresponding adjustment to equity. 

Social security contributions payable in connection with share options granted are considered to be an integral part of the grant 
and are, therefore, treated as cash-settled transactions. For cash settled share-based payments, the Group recognises a liability 
for the services acquired, measured initially at the fair value of the liability. This liability is re-measured at each balance sheet 
date and at the date of settlement, with any changes in fair value recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive 
Income. 

When options are exercised, the Company issues new shares. These shares are gifted to the Employee Benefit Trust by the 
Company at nominal value. The cost of these shares is recognised as a reduction to equity in the own shares reserve. When the 
options are exercised and the shares transferred to the employees, the cost on the own shares reserve is transferred to equity. 

When options issued by the Employee Benefit Trust are exercised the own shares reserve is reduced and a gain or loss is 
recognised in reserves based on proceeds less weighted-average cost of shares initially purchased now exercised. 

Where shares options are forfeited, effective from the date of the forfeiture, any share-based payment charge previously 
recognised in both the current and prior periods in relation to these options is reversed though the Consolidated Statement of 
Comprehensive Income with a corresponding adjustment through the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity.  

Net finance costs 

The Group has no borrowing costs with respect to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets, therefore, no borrowing 
costs are capitalised. Qualifying items of property, plant and equipment are considered to be those which take a substantial 
period of time to get ready for their intended use. These would include assets which are under construction for periods in excess 
of a year; the Group’s dealership development programmes are not considered to qualify. 

Finance costs 

Finance costs comprise interest payable on borrowings, lease liabilities, stock financing charges and other interest.  

Finance income 

Finance income comprises interest receivable on funds invested and finance lease receivables. Interest income is recognised in 
the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income as it accrues using the effective interest method. 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Accounting policies (continued) 

Taxation 

The taxation charge comprises corporation tax payable, deferred tax and any adjustments to tax payable in respect of previous 
years. 

Current taxation 

The current tax payable is based on the Group’s taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income because it excludes items of income or expenditure that are taxable or 
deductible in other years and items of income or expenditure that are never taxable income or tax deductible expenditure. The 
Group’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet 
date. 

Deferred taxation 

Deferred taxation is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying amount of assets and 
liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and their tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred taxation 
is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method.  

Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to 
the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilised. 
Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or from the 
initial recognition of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit.  

Deferred tax is provided on temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries, except for deferred tax liabilities where 
the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference is controlled by the Group and it is probable that the temporary difference 
will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 

A deferred tax asset is recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the 
deductible temporary differences can be utilised. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet 
date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realised. 

The Group’s deferred tax balances are calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance 
sheet date and that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised. Deferred tax is charged 
or credited in the income statement, except where it relates to items charged or credited directly to other comprehensive income 
or equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in other comprehensive income or equity respectively. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against current 
tax liabilities and when the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority on either 
the taxable entity or different taxable entities where there is an intention to settle the balances on a net basis. 

Pensions 

Defined contribution pension plans 

The Group participates in a number of defined contribution schemes for its employees. A defined contribution pension scheme 
is a pension plan under which the employer and employee pay contributions into a separate fund managed and administered by 
a third party. The employer has no legal or constructive obligation to pay further contributions if the fund does not hold sufficient 
assets to pay employees the benefits relating to their service and contributions in current and prior periods. 

Where the Group makes employer pension contributions, such contributions are charged to the Consolidated Statement of 
Comprehensive Income as they become payable in accordance with the rules of each scheme. 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Accounting policies (continued) 

Alternative performance measures 

Non-underlying items 

Certain items recognised in reported profit or loss before tax can vary significantly from year to year, therefore, these create 
volatility in reported earnings which does not reflect the Group’s underlying performance. The Directors believe that the ‘underlying 
profit before tax’ and ‘underlying basic earnings per share’ measures presented provide a clear and consistent presentation of 
the underlying performance of the Group’s on-going business for shareholders. Underlying profit is not defined under IFRS, 
therefore, it may not be directly comparable with the ‘adjusted’ profit measures of other companies. 

Non-underlying items are defined as follows: 

Profits/losses arising on closure or disposal of businesses; 

– Acquisition costs; 
–
– Restructuring and reorganisation costs – these are one-off in nature and do not relate to the Group’s underlying performance; 
Investment property fair value movements – these reflect the difference between the fair value of an investment property at 
–
the reporting date and its carrying amount at the previous reporting date; 

– One-off tax items and pension charges; and 
– Asset impairments. 

Like-for-like 

Similarly, the Directors believe that the impact of acquisitions and disposals distorts the value of comparative information provided. 
Therefore, the measure of ‘like-for-like’ financial performance is used to present consistent, comparative information. Results on 
‘like-for-like; basis include only the Group’s businesses that have been active and trading for a period of 12 consecutive months. 

Businesses that are excluded from the definition of ‘like-for-like’ are those sites that have recently commenced operation, therefore 
do not have a 12-month trading history, as well as any businesses that were closed and market segments or activities that were 
ceased during the current or previous year. See the Appendix on page 170 for full details. 

Adjusted net debt 

The Directors believe that the impact of the adoption of IFRS 16 Leases distorts the value of reported net debt. Therefore, the 
measure of ‘adjusted net debt’ is used to present consistent, comparative information.  

3.  Changes in accounting policies and disclosures 

Except where disclosed otherwise in this note, the accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the consolidated financial 
statements  are  consistent  with  those  applied  when  preparing  the  consolidated  financial  statements  for  the  year  ended 
31 December 2019. 

New standards, amendments and interpretations adopted by the Group 

The following amendments to existing standards became effective on 1 January 2020 and have been adopted in the consolidated 
financial statements for the first time during the year ended 31 December 2020. These have been assessed as having no financial 
or disclosure impact on the numbers presented. 

•
•
•

IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements 
IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors 
IFRS 3 Business Combinations 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

3.  Changes in accounting policies and disclosures (continued) 

New standards, amendments and interpretations adopted by the Group (continued) 

The following amendment to an existing standard was issued on 28 May 2020. The amendment applies to annual reporting 
periods beginning on or after 1 June 2020. Earlier application is permitted; the Group has applied this amendment to its annual 
reporting period that commenced on 1 January 2020. The impact of the adoption of this amended standard is disclosed below.  

•

Amendments to IFRS 16 Leases – COVID-19-Related Rent Concessions  

Three other amendments to existing standards apply for the first time with effect from 1 January 2020; however, they are not 
applicable to the consolidated financial statements of the Group. 

Impact on current period of  the adoption of  new standards, amendments and interpretations 

IFRS 16 Leases transition adjustment 

The Group applied IFRS 16 for the first time during the year ended 31 December 2019 using the full retrospective approach. As 
a result, the comparative period was restated with a cumulative transition adjustment being recognised through the opening 
comparative retained earnings balance as at 1 January 2018. During the year ended 31 December 2020 it was identified that 
this transition adjustment to retained earnings was understated by £865,000 (being the impact of the derecognition of certain 
rent prepayments and accruals relating to leases previously classified as operating leases, net of the associated £203,000 
deferred tax credit). 

Due to the nature of this adjustment, prior year balances have not been restated. This adjustment has been recognised directly 
in retained earnings in the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the year ended 31 December 2020.  

Amendments to IFRS 16 Leases - COVID-19-Related Rent Concessions 

In response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, on 28 May 2020 the IASB issued an amendment to IFRS 16 Leases – COVID-
19-Related Rent Concessions. These were formally adopted by the European Union on 12 October 2020. These amendments 
add a practical expedient to provide lessees with relief from lease modification accounting requirements where the lessee has 
received rent concessions granted as a result of COVID-19. The practical expedient applies to all rent concessions that provide 
relief for payments that were originally due on or before 30 June 2021. These amendments are applicable for all accounting 
periods beginning on or after 1 June 2020. The Group has adopted these amendments for the first time in the consolidated 
financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2020 in accordance with the early application permitted for all financial 
statements not authorised for issue as at the date the amendments were issued. 

The Group has applied this practical expedient to all leases in its property portfolio under which either deferred rent payments or 
forgiven rent payments have been successfully negotiated during the period from March 2020 to December 2020. Accounting 
for the rent concessions as lease modifications would have resulted in the Group remeasuring the lease liability to reflect the 
revised consideration using a revised discount rate, with the effect of the change in the lease liability being recorded against the 
right-of-use asset. As a result of applying this practical expedient, the Group is not required to determine a revised discount rate 
and the effect of the change in the lease liability is recognised as a profit of £109,000 in net operating expenses in the Consolidated 
Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

New standards, amendments and interpretations not yet adopted by the Group 

The following standards, amendments and interpretations were in issue, but were not yet effective at the balance sheet date. 
These standards have not been applied when preparing the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 
2020. These have been assessed as having no financial or disclosure impact on the numbers presented. 

                                                                                                                                                    Effective for accounting periods 
                                                                                                                     Date issued                              beginning on or after 
IFRS 17 Insurance contracts                                                                           18 May 2017                                       1 January 2021 
Amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of financial statements,  
on classification of liabilities                                                                       23 January 2020                                       1 January 2022 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

4.  Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions 

The Directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the future when applying the Group’s 
accounting policies (as detailed in Note 2 ‘Accounting Policies’) to determine the amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and 
expenses reported in the consolidated financial statements. Actual amounts may differ from these estimates.  

The Directors regularly review these judgements, estimates and assumptions and any resulting revisions to accounting estimates 
are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised. If the change in estimation impacts future accounting periods, the 
revision is recognised in the current and future periods.  

Critical accounting judgements 

The accounting judgements and assumptions (excluding those which also involve estimates which are covered in the key sources 
of estimation uncertainty section below) included in the consolidated financial statements which have a material impact on amounts 
reported are as detailed below.  

Determination of  indefinite useful economic life 

Goodwill and franchise agreements are intangible assets acquired through business combinations. An asset is considered to 
have an indefinite useful economic life if there is no foreseeable limit to the period over which the asset is expected to generate 
net cash inflows for the Group. The useful economic life of goodwill and franchise agreements is determined at the point of initial 
recognition. Each franchise agreement is different; each contract being for varying durations, with varying renewal or termination 
options. Previous franchise agreements acquired have historically either been renewed without substantial cost or not had 
termination options exercised by the Group. This past experience, coupled with the strength of the Group’s relationships with 
brand partners, determines that these assets have indefinite useful economic lives. 

Key sources of  estimation uncertainty 

The accounting estimates included in the consolidated financial statements which have a material impact on amounts reported 
are as detailed below. 

Goodwill and other intangible asset impairment 

Goodwill is deemed to have an indefinite useful economic life and is, therefore, not amortised. As a result, the Group reviews 
goodwill for impairment on at least an annual basis and more frequently where there are indicators of potential impairment. The 
impairment review requires the value-in-use of each CGU to be estimated; these calculations are based on a number of 
assumptions. Areas of significant judgement include: 

–
–
–
–

the estimation of future cash flows 
the selection of risk and the estimation of risk adjustment factors to be applied to cash flows  
the selection of an appropriate discount rate to calculate present value 
the selection of an appropriate terminal growth rate. 

The assumptions used in the impairment test are detailed in Note 14(b) ‘Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets’. The assumptions 
relating to future cash flows, estimated useful economic lives and discount rates are based on forecasts and are, therefore, 
inherently judgemental. Future events could result in the assumptions used needing to be revised, changing the outcome of the 
impairment test and resulting in impairment charges being recognised. 

Inventory valuation 

Inventories are stated at the lower of their cost and their net realisable value (being the fair value of the motor vehicles less costs 
to sell). Fair values are assessed using reputable industry valuation data which is based upon recent industry activity and forecasts. 
Whilst this data is deemed representative of the current value of vehicles held in inventory it is possible that the price at which 
the vehicles are actually sold will differ from the vehicles’ industry valuations. Where this is the case, adjustments arise in the 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income on the sale of vehicles held in inventory. 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

4.  Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions (continued) 

Key sources of  estimation uncertainty (continued) 

Inventory valuation (continued) 

Industry valuations are sensitive to rapid changes in regulatory and market conditions which are difficult to anticipate. In light of 
the materiality of the inventory balance in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, this uncertainty is considered to represent a key 
source of estimation uncertainty. The inventory provision as at 31 December 2020 represents 3.1% of the gross inventory balance 
(2019: 1.9%), this increase is largely due to the unusual market conditions during the year ended 31 December 2020 under 
which used vehicle prices appreciated as well as an expectation of lower pricing during the first quarter of 2021 as economic 
conditions decline and demand reduces. A 100bps (2019: 100bps) additional change in this ratio in 2020 would change the 
provision in the Consolidated Balance Sheet by approximately £3.8 million (2019: £4.5 million). A 100bps movement represents 
a reasonably positive change to the provision ratio based on average movements observed over the previous three years. 

5.  Segmental information 

IFRS 8 Operating Segments requires operating segments to be consistent with the internal management reporting provided to 
the Chief Operating Decision Makers who are responsible for allocating resources and assessing the performance of the operating 
segments. The Group considers the Chief Executive Officer to be the Chief Operating Decision Maker. 

The Group has identified its key product and service lines as being its operating segments because both performance and 
strategic decisions are analysed at this level. The IFRS 8 aggregation criteria have been met as a result of the Group’s key 
product and service lines sharing common characteristics such as; similar types of customer for the products and services, similar 
nature of the product and service offerings, similar methods used to distribute the products and provide the services and similar 
regulatory and economic environment. As a result of these criteria being satisfied, the Group’s operating segments constitute 
one reportable segment (retail) and all segmental information has been disclosed as such. The retail segment includes sales of 
new and used vehicles, together with the associated ancillary aftersales services of; servicing, body shop repairs and parts sales.  

The Group has concluded that rental income arising from investment properties does not meet the quantitative thresholds required 
to constitute a reportable segment as defined in IFRS 8. Due to the non-material nature of these amounts, they are combined 
with the retail segment rather than being disclosed separately. As a result, all of the Group’s activities are disclosed within the 
one reportable segment – the retail segment. 

Geographical information 

Revenue earned from sales is disclosed by origin and is not materially different from revenue by destination. All of the Group’s 
revenue is generated in the United Kingdom. 

Information about reportable segment 

All segment revenue, profit before taxation, assets and liabilities are attributable to the principal activity of the Group being the 
provision of car and commercial vehicle sales, vehicle service and other related services. 

The following tables show the disaggregation of revenue by major product/service lines for continuing operations: 
                                                                                                               Revenue                                      Gross profit 
For the year ended 31 December 2020

£’000

£’000

mix*

mix* 

New Vehicles

Used Vehicles

Aftersales

Internal / Other

Total

* mix calculation excludes Internal/Other sales. 

988,093

971,135

240,589

(45,402)

44.9%

44.1%

11.0%

-

65,086

63,712

108,573

819

2,154,415

100%

238,190

27.4% 

26.8% 

45.8% 

- 

100% 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

5.  Segmental information (continued) 

Information about reportable segment (continued) 

                                                                                                               Revenue                                      Gross profit 
For the year ended 31 December 2019

£’000

£’000

mix*

mix* 

New Vehicles

Used Vehicles

Aftersales

Internal / Other

Total

1,079,474

986,718

258,087

(48,150)

46.4%

42.5%

11.1%

-

80,148

65,456

114,572

625

2,276,129

100%

260,801

30.8% 

25.2% 

44.0% 

- 

100% 

* mix calculation excludes Internal/Other sales. 

6. Profit before taxation 

Profit before taxation is arrived at after charging / (crediting):  

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment (note 15)

Amortisation of other intangibles (note 14)

Profit on disposal of assets classified as held for sale (note 7)

Loss on disposal of property plant and equipment

Impairment of property, plant and equipment (note 15)

(Profit) / loss on disposal of investment property (note 7) 

Intangible assets impairment (note 14)

Depreciation of right-of-use assets (note 16)

Profit on disposal and remeasurement of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities (note 16)

Impairment loss on right-of-use assets (note 16)

Income received from subleasing right-of-use assets (note 16)

7. Non-underlying items 

Continuing operations 

Post-retirement benefits charge

Acquisition costs

Net recognition of restructuring costs

Profit on disposal of assets classified as held for sale

Profit / (loss) on disposal of investment property 

Loss on impairment of goodwill and other tangible assets

Gain on revaluation of investment properties

2020
£’000

10,719

448

(1,563)

402

25

(148)

193

11,348

(318)

527

(185)

2020
£’000

- 

(13)

(2,070)

1,563

148

(218)

- 

(590)

2019 
£’000 

10,217 

421 

-  

411 

708 

72 

-  

9,357 

(403) 

1,081 

(201) 

2019 
£’000 

(23) 

(835) 

(2,123) 

-  

(72) 

-  

610 

(2,443) 

Details of current and deferred tax arising in relation to all income and expenditure classified as Non-Underlying Items are disclosed 
in Note 11(b) ‘Taxation’.  

Post-retirement benefits charge 

See Note 32 ‘Pensions’ for further details of the transaction giving rise to the post-retirement benefits charge.  

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

7. Non-underlying items (continued) 

Acquisition costs 

See Note 14(a) ’Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets’ for further details of transactions giving rise to the acquisition costs.  

Net recognition of  restructuring costs  

Restructuring costs are a continuation of items disclosed in previous periods and relate to the closure of four of the Group’s 
franchised dealerships in 2020. Restructuring costs include closed site related costs of £1,127,000 (2019: £323,000), redundancy 
costs of £631,000 (2019: £303,000), tangible asset impairment reversals of £275,000 (2019: charge of £708,000), tangible asset 
loss on disposal of £134,000 (2019: £nil), right-of-use asset impairments and remeasurements of £406,000 (2019: £268,000) 
and other redundancy costs in the year totalled £47,000 (2019: £521,000). 

Profit on disposal of  assets classified as held for sale 

In June 2020 the Group sold the freehold property classified as held for sale for a profit of £1,563,000 (2019: £nil). 

Profit / (loss) on disposal of  investment property 

In November 2020 the Group sold a freehold investment property for a profit of £148,000 (2019: £nil). During 2019 additional 
legal fees of £72,000 were incurred in relation to the disposal of an investment property in 2018.   

Loss on impairment of  goodwill and other tangible assets  

See Note 14(b) ‘Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets’ for further details of the transaction giving rise to the loss on impairment 
of goodwill and other intangible assets. 

Gain on revaluation of  investment properties 

See Note 17 ‘Investment Property’ for further details of the transaction giving rise to the gain on revaluation of investment 
properties. 

8. Auditor’s remuneration 

During the year the Group obtained the following services from the Group’s auditor:  

Audit services: 

–  fees payable to the Company’s auditor for the audit of the parent  

Company and consolidated financial statements

–  audit of Group’s subsidiaries

Fees payable to the Company’s auditor for other services: 

–  review of interim condensed consolidated financial statements

Total auditor's remuneration

2020
£’000

2019 
£’000 

242

60

39

341

314 

48 

36 

398 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

9. Employees and directors 

a)

Employee costs for the Group during the year 

The aggregate remuneration of employees and directors was: 

Wages and salaries

Social security contributions and similar taxes

Other pension costs

Share based payments

2020
£’000

134,917

15,198

2,993

561 

2019 
£’000 

128,370 

14,114 

2,732 

1,124  

153,669

146,340 

Employee costs stated above exclude £20,366,000 of grant income received under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme. 

Employee costs are included in: 

Cost of sales

Net operating expenses

The average number of employees (including Executive Directors) was: 

Retail

2020
£’000

24,654

129,015

153,669

2020

4,191

4,191

2019 
£’000 

26,655 

119,685 

146,340 

2019 

3,887 

3,887 

The average number of Group employees excludes temporary and contract staff. As at 31 December 2020 the Group had 
3,691 employees (2019: 4,228).  

b) Directors’ emoluments 

Details  of  the  remuneration  of  the  Directors,  their  share  incentives  and  pension  entitlements  are  set  out  in  the  Directors’ 
Remuneration Report on pages 86 to 89. 

c) Key management compensation 

The following table details the aggregate compensation paid in respect of key management personnel – which comprises both 
senior management who sit on the enlarged operational board and statutory directors.  

Wages and salaries

Social security contributions and similar taxes

Post-employment benefits

Compensation for loss of office

Share-based payments

Details of the share option schemes are provided in Note 29 ‘Share-Based Payments’.  

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2020
£’000

3,577 

1,055 

128 

96 

561 

5,417 

2019 
£’000 

5,325  

786  

222  

87  

1,124  

7,544  

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

10. Net finance costs 

Finance lease interest receivable

Stock financing charges and other interest

Interest payable on lease liabilities

Interest payable on bank borrowings

Net finance costs

11. Taxation 

a)

Taxation charge 

Current tax 

Current tax on profits for the year

Adjustments in respect of prior years

Total current tax charge

Deferred tax 

Origination and reversal of temporary differences

Impact of change in tax rates

Adjustments in respect of prior years

Total deferred tax charge / (credit) (note 25)

Total taxation charge

2020
£’000

(83)

5,417

3,103

1,739

10,176

2020
£’000

3,855

(154)

3,701

256

2,380

99

2,735

6,436

2019 
£’000 

(63) 

5,944 

3,068 

994 

9,943 

2019 
£’000 

4,201 

31 

4,232 

23 

-  

(190) 

(167) 

4,065 

The income tax charge in both the current and prior year is attributable to profit from continuing operations.  

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

11. Taxation (continued) 

b) Reconciliation of  taxation charge 

The tax charge for the year differs from the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 19%. The differences are explained below: 

Profit before taxation

Notional taxation charge at corporation tax rate  
of  19.00% (2019: 19.00%)

Effects of: 
Tax effect of items not deductible for tax purposes

(Profit) / loss on disposal of non-qualifying assets

Recognition of deferred tax previously unrecognised

Adjustments in respect of prior years

Utilisation of brought forward losses previously unrecognised

Deferred tax charge relating to increase in tax rates

Effect of difference between closing deferred tax 
rate and current tax rate

Taxation charge and effective tax rate

2020
£'000

20,356

2020
%

2019
£'000

19,643

2019 
% 

3,868

19.00%

3,732

19.00% 

536

(284)

-

(55)

(9)

2,380

-

6,436

2.63%

(1.40%)

-

(0.27%)

(0.04%)

11.69%

-

31.62%

519

39

(3)

(159)

(38)

-

2.64% 

0.20% 

(0.02%) 

(0.81%) 

(0.19%) 

- 

(25)

4,065

(0.13%) 

20.69% 

1 Expenses not deductible predominantly consist of depreciation charges on non-qualifying assets and the creation of capital losses. 

The analysis of the Group’s effective tax rate between underlying and non-underlying activities is as follows: 

2020

2020
Non-
Underlying underlying
£’000

£’000

2020

2019

2019
Non- 
Total Underlying underlying
£’000
£’000
£’000

2019 

Total 
£’000 

Profit before taxation

Taxation

Effective tax rate

Non-recurring items 

20,946

4,425

(590)

20,356

2,011

6,436

22,086

4,177

(2,443)

19,643 

(112)

4,065 

21.13% (340.85%)

31.62%

18.91%

4.58%

20.69% 

The Group’s total effective tax rate for 2020 of 31.62% was influenced by the deferred taxation charge arising due to the 
remeasurement of the Group’s deferred taxation balances, required following the legislative change substantively enacted during 
the year. The total effective tax rate was also impacted by the non-deductible goodwill impairment charge and profits on disposal 
of freehold property. Excluding the impact of these items, the total effective tax rate for 2020 would have been 21.18%. This is 
consistent with the Group’s underlying effective tax rate of 21.13%. 

The Finance Act 2016 announced a reduction to the corporation tax rate to 17% with effect from 1 April 2020. In the Budget of 
11 March 2020, the Chancellor of the Exchequer announced that this planned rate reduction to 17% would no longer be taking 
effect. The changes announced during the Budget of 11 March 2020 were substantively enacted as at the balance sheet date, 
therefore, all opening deferred taxation balances have been remeasured at 19%. The deferred taxation charge of £2,380,000 
arising due to this remeasurement is presented in Non-Underlying Items on the basis that this charge is a consequence of a 
one-off, legislative change.  

The prior year total effective tax rate of 20.69% was influenced by non-deductible acquisition costs and the impact of a return to 
provision true-up in relation to assets held for sale in 2018. Excluding the impact of these, the total effective tax rate for 2019 
would have been 18.75%. This is consistent with the Group’s underlying effective tax rate of 18.91%. 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

11. Taxation (continued) 

c)

Factors affecting the taxation charge of  future years 

Future corporation tax charges, therefore, the Group’s effective tax rate, may be affected by factors such as acquisitions, disposals, 
restructuring and tax regime reforms. 

In the Budget of 3 March 2021, the Chancellor of the Exchequer announced a 6% increase in the standard rate of corporation 
tax, which will be applicable in the financial year beginning 1 April 2023. This change in the rate of corporation tax to 25% will 
affect the amount of future tax payments for which the Group will be responsible. Once substantively enacted, this rate change 
will also influence the measurement of the Group’s deferred tax assets and liabilities. 

12. Earnings per share 

Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing the earnings attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted 
average number of ordinary shares during the year and the diluted weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue in the 
year after taking account of the dilutive impact of shares under option of 2,926,659 at 31 December 2020 (2019: 2,002,304).  

Underlying earnings per share are based on basic earnings per share adjusted for the impact of non-underlying items. 

Underlying net profit attributable to equity holders of the parent
Non-underlying items after tax

Net profit attributable to equity holders of  the parent

Number of  shares 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares for the purpose of basic EPS
Effect of dilutive potential ordinary shares: share options
Weighted average number of ordinary shares for the purpose of diluted EPS

Basic underlying earnings per share
Basic earnings per share
Diluted underlying earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share

13. Dividends 

2020
£’000
16,521
(2,601)

13,920

2019 
£’000 
17,909 
(2,331) 

15,578 

2020
Thousands

2019 
Thousands 

78,232
1,882
80,114

2020
Pence
21.1
17.8
20.6
17.4

78,097 
1,178 
79,275 

2019 
Pence 
22.9 
19.9 
22.6 
19.7 

In light of the circumstances resulting from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the previously proposed final dividend of 5.69p per 
share for the year ended 31 December 2019 was cancelled.  

The Group similarly suspended the payment of an interim dividend in respect of the year ended 31 December 2020. (2019: 
An interim dividend of £2,228,000, representing a payment of 2.85p per ordinary share in issue at that time, was paid in 
September 2019.) 

The Board is mindful of the importance of dividends to its shareholders and intends to resume the payment of dividends as soon 
as conditions allow. 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

14. Goodwill and other intangible assets 

Goodwill
£’000

Franchise
agreements
£’000

Software
£’000

Cost 

Balance at 1 January 2019

Additions

Additions on acquisition

Disposals

At 31 December 2019

Additions

Additions on acquisition

Disposals

48,629

-

1,525

-

50,154

-

724

-

72,137

-

5,036

-

77,173

-

350

-

At 31 December 2020

50,878

77,523

Accumulated amortisation and impairment 

Balance at 1 January 2019

Charge for the year

Impairment

At 31 December 2019

Charge for the year

Disposals

Impairment

At 31 December 2020

Net book value 

At 1 January 2019

At 31 December 2019

At 31 December 2020

9,302

-

-

9,302

-

-

193

9,495

39,327

40,852

41,383

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

72,137

77,173

77,523

1,631

982

-

(82)

2,531

108

-

(632)

2,007

918

421

(43)

1,296

448

(364)

-

1,380

713

1,235

627

Total 
£’000 

122,397 

982 

6,561 

(82) 

129,858 

108 

1,074 

(632) 

130,408 

10,220 

421 

(43) 

10,598 

448 

(364) 

193 

10,875 

112,177 

119,260 

119,533 

a) Acquisitions – current period 

On 10 July 2020, the Group acquired the trade and assets of a Volkswagen dealership in Aylesbury. Acquisition of this dealership 
brought  to  a  successful  conclusion  the  strategic  acquisition  of  eight  Volkswagen  Group  UK  franchises  announced  in 
December 2019. This acquisition is part of the Group’s stated strategy to grow with existing brand partners in new geographic 
territories by adding further sites in excellent locations.  

The estimated identifiable assets and liabilities at the date of acquisition are stated at their provisional fair value as set out below. 
The goodwill arising on acquisition is attributed to the expected synergies and benefits associated with the increased brand 
representation which has resulted in the Group becoming Volkswagen Group UK's largest partner by number of locations. 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

14. Goodwill and other intangible assets (continued) 

a) Acquisitions – current period (continued) 

Intangible assets

Property, plant and equipment

Right-of-use assets

Inventories

Trade and other receivables

Cash and cash equivalents

Deferred tax liabilities

Trade and other payables

Lease liabilities

Net assets acquired

Goodwill

Total cash consideration

Fair value 
of  net assets 
acquired 

£’000 

350 

569 

670 

1,333 

26 

1 

(49) 

(9) 

(670) 

2,221 

81 

2,302 

The completion payment for the Aylesbury VW business included the consideration of £2,302,000 as set out above, and a further 
payment of £643,000 held back from the acquisitions completed in December 2019 as an incentive to the vendor to complete 
the Aylesbury sale. Had the Aylesbury sale not been completed this further payment would not have been due. 

The results of the acquired dealership were consolidated into the Group’s results from 10 July 2020. For the period from acquisition 
to 31 December 2020, the revenues and the loss before tax generated by these dealership were immaterial in the context of the 
Group’s revenues and profit before tax.  

If the acquisition had taken effect at the beginning of the reporting period in which the acquisition occurred (1 January 2020), on 
a pro forma basis, the change in revenue and profit before tax of the combined Group for the year ended 31 December 2020 
would have been immaterial in the context of the Group.  

Transaction costs arising on acquisitions in 2020 totalled £13,000. These costs have been recognised in net operating expenses 
in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income and are part of operating cash flows in the Consolidated Cash Flow 
Statement. 

a) Acquisitions – prior period  

The following acquisitions are part of the Group’s stated strategy to grow with existing brand partners in new geographic territories 
by adding further sites in excellent locations that are contiguous to the Group’s existing sites.  

The Group acquired the trade and assets of the following dealerships: 

•
•
•
•

ŠKODA Leicester and Nottingham on 31 January 2019;  
ŠKODA Northampton, Bedford, Letchworth and Harlow on 28 February 2019; 
Honda Reading and Newbury on 2 September 2019; and 
Volvo Derby on 20 December 2019.  

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

14. Goodwill and other intangible assets (continued) 

a) Acquisitions – prior period (continued) 

The fair value of the net assets at the date of the acquisition are as set out below. 

Intangible assets

Property, plant and equipment

Right-of-use assets

Inventories

Trade and other receivables

Trade and other payables

Lease liabilities

Provisions

Deferred tax liabilities

Net assets acquired

Goodwill

Total cash consideration

Fair value 
of  net assets 
acquired 

£’000 

1,985 

907 

6,020 

3,886 

12 

(460) 

(5,870) 

(552) 

(7) 

5,921 

1,244 

7,165 

The results of the acquired ŠKODA, Honda and Volvo dealerships were consolidated into the Group’s results from the relevant 
date of acquisition. For the period from acquisition to 31 December 2019, the revenues and the loss before tax generated by 
these dealerships were immaterial in the context of the Group’s revenues and profit before tax.  

If the acquisitions had taken effect at the beginning of the reporting period in which the acquisition occurred (1 January 2019), on 
a pro forma basis, revenue of the combined Group for the year ended 31 December 2019 would have been increased by 
£40,857,000 and profit before tax would have been reduced by £266,000. 

On 17 December 2019, the Group acquired the trade and assets of five Volkswagen dealerships, a Volkswagen commercial 
vehicle franchise and body shop and one ŠKODA dealership.  

Intangible assets

Property, plant and equipment

Right-of-use assets

Inventories

Cash and cash equivalents 

Trade and other payables

Lease liabilities

Provisions

Deferred tax liabilities

Net assets acquired

Goodwill

Total cash consideration

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Fair value 
of  net assets 
acquired 

£’000 

3,051 

3,681 

20,388 

12,916 

2 

(655) 

(18,487) 

(225) 

(720) 

19,951 

281 

20,232 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

14. Goodwill and other intangible assets (continued) 

a) Acquisitions – prior period (continued) 

The results of the acquired dealerships were consolidated into the Group’s results from 18 December 2019. For the period from 
acquisition to 31 December 2019, the revenues and the loss before tax generated by these dealerships were immaterial in the 
context of the Group’s revenues and profit before tax.  

If the acquisition had taken effect at the beginning of the reporting period in which the acquisition occurred (1 January 2019), on 
a pro forma basis, revenue for the combined Group for the year ended 31 December 2019 would have been increased by 
£167,749,000 and profit before tax would have been reduced by £1,657,000.  

Transaction costs arising on acquisitions in 2019 totalled £835,000. These costs have been recognised in net operating expenses 
in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income and are part of operating cash flows in the Consolidated Cash Flow 
Statement. 

b)

Impairment testing  

For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill and franchise agreements are allocated to a cash generating unit (“CGU”), or to 
the smallest group of CGUs where it is not possible to apportion the goodwill or intangible assets at the individual CGU level. 
Each CGU or group of CGUs to which the goodwill is allocated represents the lowest level within the entity at which the goodwill 
is monitored for management purposes. Goodwill and intangible assets arising on business combinations are allocated to CGUs 
by determining which CGU is expected to benefit from the synergies of the business combination. 

The Group’s CGUs are groups of dealerships connected by manufacturer brand. The allocation of goodwill and indefinite lived 
intangible assets to the CGU groups is as follows: 

Volkswagen Group*

BMW/MINI

Jaguar/Land Rover

Mercedes-Benz/Smart

Other

Total

Franchise 

Goodwill

Agreements 

£’000

17,766

1,461

8,003

11,182

2,971

41,383

£’000 

35,597 

8,345 

14,358 

19,201 

22 

77,523 

*Volkswagen Group includes Volkswagen, Audi, ŠKODA and SEAT brands 

Goodwill impairment reviews are undertaken annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the 
carrying amount may not be recoverable and a potential impairment may be required. Impairment reviews have been performed 
for all groups of CGUs for the years ended 31 December 2020 and 2019 and for the six months ended 30 June 2020. 

Valuation basis 

The recoverable amount of the Group’s CGUs is determined by reference to their value-in-use to perpetuity calculated using a 
discounted cash flow approach, with a pre-tax discount rate applied to the projected, risk-adjusted pre-tax cash flows and terminal 
value. Where higher, the fair value of groups of CGUs, less costs of disposal, is taken as the recoverable amount. 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

14. Goodwill and other intangible assets (continued) 

b)

Impairment testing (continued) 

Period of  specific projected cash flows 

The  value-in-use  of  each  CGU  is  calculated  using  cash  flow  projections  for  a  five-year  period;  from  1  January  2021  to 
31 December 2025. 

These projections (the “Base Case”) are developed from the Board approved budget for the year ending 31 December 2021 
which, as described under “Going Concern” in Note 1, has been updated to reflect the expected impact of the additional trading 
restrictions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic which were announced during December 2020. 

The key assumptions in the forecast on which the cash flow projections are based relate to expectations of sales volumes and 
margins and expectations around changes in the operating cost base. The assumptions made are based on the management’s 
current understanding the extent and duration of the COVID-19 related trading restrictions imposed by the UK Government, the 
current macro-economic context and outlook, past experience adjusted for expected changes, and external sources of information. 
The cash flows include ongoing capital expenditure required to maintain the Group’s dealership network but exclude any growth 
capital expenditure projects to which the Group was not committed at the reporting date. 

Discount rate 

The cash flow projections have been discounted using a rate derived from the Group’s pre-tax weighted average cost of capital 
adjusted for industry and market risk. The discount rate used is 7.8% (2019: 8.0%). 

Terminal growth rate 

The cash flows after the forecast period are extrapolated into the future over the useful economic life of the group of CGUs using 
a steady or declining growth rate that is consistent with that of the product and industry. These cash flows form the basis of what 
is referred to as the terminal value. The growth rate to perpetuity beyond the initial budgeted cash flows applied in the value-in-use 
calculations to arrive at a terminal value is 2% (2019: 2%). Terminal growth rates are based on management’s estimate of future 
long-term average growth rates. 

Conclusion 

Under the Base Case the Group's CGUs all have significant headroom in respect of the carrying value of goodwill and intangible 
assets with the exception of the Vauxhall CGU which is included with the “Other” CGU Group. Goodwill of £193,000 is assigned 
to the Vauxhall CGU. 

Vauxhall 

Following the closure of the Group’s Knebworth Vauxhall site and a further deterioration in the performance of the two remaining 
sites the projected cash flows are no longer sufficient to support the carrying value of the assigned goodwill and intangible assets. 

Therefore at 31 December 2020 the Group recorded a non-cash impairment charge of £218,000 (2019: £nil). This impairment 
charge is split as £193,000 of Goodwill and £25,000 of Plant & Equipment assigned to the Vauxhall CGU and is recorded within 
net operating expenses in non-underlying items in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

Update on BMW/MINI 

The Group's BMW/MINI franchises have faced several challenges in recent years brought about largely due to an oversupply of 
vehicles and the disruption caused by vehicle recalls. 

During 2020 the business has shown substantial improvement despite the trading uncertainty experienced during the year. A 
number of the performance improvement initiatives have been successfully delivered and the cash flow projections for the CGU 
indicate a continued improvement over the plan period as other management and manufacturer initiatives are delivered. 

Following the improvement delivered in 2020 the Board has approved the forecast which supports the carrying value of the 
BMW/MINI goodwill as at 31 December 2020. Inherent in this assessment are a number of assumptions related to the timing of 
the lifting of the COVID-19 related trading restrictions, the severity and duration of the resulting economic down-turn, the speed 
and sustainability of the subsequent recovery, and the continued successful delivery of the local management and manufacturer 
initiatives. 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

14. Goodwill and other intangible assets (continued) 

b)

Impairment testing (continued) 

Sensitivity to changes in key assumptions  

Impairment testing is dependent on estimates and judgements, particularly as they relate to the forecasting of future cash flows, 
the discount rates selected and expected long-term growth rates.  

The Group has performed a sensitivity analysis on the impairment tests under the Base Case using four scenarios: 

•
•
•
•

where the discount rate decreases by 100 basis points. 
where the discount rate increases by 100 basis points. 
where the terminal value growth rate decreases by 50 basis points. 
where the terminal value growth rate increases by 50 basis points. 

In order to assess the possibility of future impairments, the Group has performed additional scenarios analysis, using the forecasts 
prepared to support the Directors’ consideration of the going concern basis of preparation. The scenario cases are as follows: 

•
•

•

•

An upside case where performance in 2021 returns to the level anticipated in the original Board approved budget. 
A short-term downside case, where the lockdown continues for the whole of the first quarter of 2020, resulting in 25% loss 
of sales in January and February and 45% loss of sales in March offset by a 10% saving in overhead costs during the 
lockdown period. There is a return to normal trading performance in 2022. 
A medium-term downside case, in which there is a lockdown for the first quarter with the impact described above, followed 
by further lockdown for the whole of the last quarter of 2021. The lockdown in the last quarter results in a 25% loss of sales. 
These losses are offset by a 10% saving in overhead costs during both lockdown periods. There is a return to normal trading 
performance in 2022. 
A long-term downside case, in which there are lockdowns, and the associated trading impacts as set out under the “medium-
term downside” case described above, in earnings in 2022 are 50% lower due to the macro-economic conditions arising 
from the disruption seen during 2020 and forecast for 2021. There is then a return to normal trading performance in 2023. 

Of all of the above sensitivity and scenario cases, the only one which would result in the recognition of an impairment charge is 
an increase in the discount rate by 100 basis points. Under this sensitivity, a minimal impairment of £143,000 would be indicated 
against the BMW/MINI CGU. The Directors consider the increase in risk expressed by such a significant increase in the discount 
rate to be a remote possibility. 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

15. Property, plant and equipment 
                                                                             Freehold                                                               Assets 
                                                                              land and       Leasehold         Plant and               under 
                                                                            buildings improvements       equipment   construction                 Total 
                                                                                   £’000                £’000                £’000                £’000                £’000 
Cost 
Balance at 1 January 2019                                      118,781              22,040              39,909                9,501            190,231 
Additions at cost                                                          4,937                   418                4,519                8,827              18,701 
Additions on acquisition                                              1,991                   734                1,863                        -                4,588 
Disposals                                                                            -                  (595)              (3,042)                       -               (3,637) 
Transfers to investment property                                  (441)                       -                        -                        -                  (441) 
Transfers                                                                   10,353                4,372                1,918             (16,643)                       - 
At 31 December 2019                                            135,621              26,969              45,167                1,685            209,442 

Additions at cost                                                          3,247                   312                2,613                4,179              10,351 
Additions on acquisition                                                      -                   439                   130                        -                   569 
Disposals                                                                            -               (2,628)              (8,832)                       -             (11,460) 
Transfers to asset held for sale                                  (1,325)                       -                        -                        -               (1,325) 
Transfers                                                                          25                2,274                1,506               (3,805)                       - 
At 31 December 2020                                            137,568              27,366              40,584                2,059            207,577 

Accumulated depreciation and impairment 
Balance at 1 January 2019                                       10,596                6,166              25,310                        -              42,072 
Charge for the year                                                     1,850                2,137                6,230                        -              10,217 
Disposals                                                                            -                  (184)              (2,661)                       -               (2,845) 
Impairment                                                                          -                   502                   206                        -                   708 
Transfers to investment property                                      (3)                       -                        -                        -                      (3) 
At 31 December 2019                                              12,443                8,621              29,085                        -              50,149 
Charge for the year                                                     2,002                2,488                6,229                        -              10,719 
Disposals                                                                            -               (2,474)              (8,523)                       -             (10,997) 
Impairment                                                                          -                        -                     25                        -                     25 
Transfers to asset held for resale                                 (622)                       -                        -                        -                  (622) 
At 31 December 2020                                              13,823                8,635              26,816                        -              49,274 

Net book value 
At 1 January 2019                                                   108,185              15,874              14,599                9,501            148,159 
At 31 December 2019                                             123,178              18,348              16,082                1,685            159,293 
At 31 December 2020                                            123,745              18,731              13,768                2,059            158,303 

As at 31 December 2020, the Group had capital commitments totalling £4.5m (2019: £6.9m) relating to ongoing construction 
projects. 

2020 

Transfers to assets held for sale 

In October 2020, the Group ceased commercial activities at two of its freehold properties. As the properties were no longer being 
used for the commercial activity of the business and are actively being marketed for sale, the assets have been transferred to 
assets classified as held for sale (see Note 21 ‘Assets Classified as Held for Sale’).

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

15. Property, plant and equipment (continued) 

2019 

Impairments 

The impairment loss of £708,000 represents the impairment of leasehold improvements and plant and equipment in the franchised 
dealership which closed in October 2019 and the franchised dealership due to close in 2020. On closure of these dealerships 
these assets ceased to have any value. This loss was recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income in 
net operating expenses. 

16. Leases 

a) Group as lessee 

The Group has lease contracts for land and buildings and vehicles. Leases of land and buildings have an average term of between 
20 and 25 years. Leases of vehicles have an average term of 3 years. 

The following are amounts recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income: 

Depreciation of right-of-use assets

Profit on disposal and remeasurement of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities

Impairment loss on right-of-use assets

Expenses relating to short-term leases

Expenses relating to leases of low-value assets

Interest payable on lease liabilities

Total amount recognised in profit or loss

2020
£’000

11,348

(318)

527

295

744

3,103

15,699

2019 
£’000 

9,357 

(403) 

1,081 

209 

847 

3,068 

14,159 

The Group had total cash outflows in respect of leases in the year of £11,323,000 (2019: £9,780,000). The Group also had 
non-cash additions to right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of £3,627,000 (2019: £28,778,000).  

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

16. Leases (continued) 

a) Group as lessee (continued) 

Set out below are the carrying amounts of the right-of-use assets recognised and the movements during the year: 

Cost 

At 1 January 2019

Additions 

Additions on acquisition 

Disposals

Remeasurement 

At 31 December 2019

Additions 

Additions on acquisition 

Disposals 

Remeasurement 

At 31 December 2020

Accumulated depreciation and impairment 

At 1 January 2019

Charge for the year

Disposals

Impairment

At 31 December 2019

Charge for the year

Disposals

Impairment

At 31 December 2020

Net book value 

At 31 December 2019

At 31 December 2020

2020 

Impairments 

Land and
buildings
£’000

Vehicles
£’000

Total 
£’000 

126,072

2,248

26,408

(1,206)

5,324

158,846

2,662

670

(6,655)

(867)

154,656

41,101

8,991

(82)

1,081

51,091

11,059

(6,635)

527

56,042

107,755

98,614

856

122

-

(234)

-

744

295

-

(367)

-

672

400

366

(234)

-

532

289

(367)

-

454

212

218

126,928 

2,370 

26,408 

(1,440) 

5,324 

159,590 

2,957 

670 

(7,022) 

(867) 

155,328 

41,501 

9,357 

(316) 

1,081 

51,623 

11,348 

(7,002) 

527 

56,496 

107,967 

98,832 

The premises used by the franchised dealerships closed in October 2020 became vacant on cessation of trade. The right of-use 
assets have therefore been fully impaired. This impairment loss of £527,000 was recognised in the Consolidated Statement of 
Comprehensive Income in net operating expenses. 

2019 

Impairments 

The premises used by the franchised dealership closed in October 2019 became vacant on cessation of trade. The right-of-use 
asset has therefore been fully impaired. This impairment loss of £1,081,000 was recognised in the Consolidated Statement of 
Comprehensive Income in net operating expenses.

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

16. Leases (continued) 

a) Group as lessee (continued) 

The maturity analysis of the Group’s lease liabilities is as follows: 

Within 1 year 

Between 1 and 5 years 

After 5 years

Total lease liabilities 

2020
£’000

10,961

39,416

48,967

99,344

2019 
£’000 

10,689 

40,215 

57,181 

108,085 

The percentages in the table below reflect the current proportions of lease payments that are either fixed or variable.  

31 December 2020 

Property leases with payments linked to inflation

Property leases with fixed payments

Vehicle leases

31 December 2019 

Property leases with payments linked to inflation

Property leases with fixed payments

Vehicle leases

b) Group as lessor – finance leases 

Lease
 contracts 
number

Fixed
 payments 
%

Variable 
payments 
% 

9

112

81

202

-

85%

2%

87%

13% 

- 

- 

13% 

Lease
 contracts 
number

Fixed
 payments 
%

Variable 
payments 
% 

9

111

104

224

-

85%

3%

88%

12% 

- 

- 

12% 

The Group has non-cancellable leases, as intermediate lessor, of leases for properties. The terms of these leases vary. The 
following are amounts recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income: 

Income received from subleasing right-of-use assets

Finance income on net investment in leases

Total amount recognised in profit or loss

2020
£’000

(185)

(83)

(268)

2019 
£’000 

(201) 

(63) 

(264) 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

16. Leases (continued) 

b) Group as lessor – finance leases (continued) 

Future minimum lease payments receivable for property under non-cancellable finance leases are set out below: 

Within 1 year

Between 1 and 2 years

Between 2 and 3 years

Between 3 and 4 years

Between 4 and 5 years

After 5 years

Total undiscounted lease payments receivable

Unearned finance income

Net investment in the lease

Current (note 19)

Non-current

Total finance lease receivable

c) Group as lessor – operating leases 

2020
£’000

185

185

185

185

185

969

1,894

(452)

1,442

2020
£’000

108

1,334

1,442

2019 
£’000 

185 

185 

185 

185 

185 

1,154 

2,079 

(535) 

1,544 

2019 
£’000 

102 

1,442 

1,544 

The Group has entered into non-cancellable operating leases, as lessor on property included in investment property and as an 
intermediate lessor on head leases of property assets. The terms of these leases vary. Future minimum lease payments receivable 
for property under non-cancellable operating leases are as set out below. 

Within 1 year

Between 1 and 2 years

Between 2 and 3 years

Between 3 and 4 years

Between 4 and 5 years

After 5 years

2020
£’000

93

54

- 

- 

- 

- 

2019 
£’000 

326 

246 

208 

154 

154 

602 

147

1,690 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

17. Investment property 

Fair value at 1 January

Transfer from freehold land and buildings

Change in fair value

Fair value at 31 December 2019

Disposals

Fair value at 31 December 2020

Freehold 
land and
buildings
£’000

Right-of-use 
asset
£’000

2,000

438

140

2,578

(2,140)

438

590

- 

470

1,060

- 

1,060

Total 
£’000 

2,590 

438 

610 

3,638 

(2,140) 

1,498 

Investment properties are stated at fair value; a formal valuation is required at least every three years by a Chartered Surveyor 
on an open market value basis. The most recent full valuation of investment properties was carried out as at 31 December 2019 
by BNP Paribas Real Estate. A revaluation surplus of £610,000 was taken to the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive 
Income in 2019.  

The Directors assessed the valuation of property based on a desktop review carried out by BNP Paribas Real Estate as at 
18 December 2020; no indicators were identified which signalled a material change in the fair value of investment properties As 
such, investment properties continue to be held at their 31 December 2019 valuations.  

The properties are rented out to third parties. Rental income of £448,000 was recognised in 2020 (2019: £383,000). There are 
no restrictions on the Group’s ability to dispose of the investment properties or use any funds arising on disposal. There are no 
contractual commitments for further development of the investment properties. 

18. Inventories 

Inventories held for resale

Less: provisions

Inventories

2020
£’000

374,347

(11,468)

362,879

2019 
£’000 

480,087 

(9,387) 

470,700 

Inventories held for resale include new and used vehicles held for resale, vehicle parts and other inventory. As at 31 December 
2020 £364,883,000 (2019: £443,749,000) of finished goods are held under vehicle financing arrangements (see Note 22 ‘Trade 
and Other Payables’). 

Inventory recognised in cost of sales during the year as an expense was £1,870 million (2019: £1,979 million). 

19. Trade and other receivables 

Amounts falling due within one year: 

Trade receivables

Other receivables

Amounts due from related undertakings (note 31)

Prepayments

Finance lease receivable (note 16)

Trade and other receivables

2020
£’000

29,838

28,937

816

6,081

108

65,780

2019 
£’000 

50,269 

28,879 

3 

8,209 

102 

87,462 

Other receivables include accrued supplier income of £11,687,000 (2019: £17,385,000). More information in respect of principal 
risk management is provided in Note 26 ‘Financial Instruments – Risk Management’.  

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

19. Trade and other receivables (continued) 

All financial assets included within trade and other receivables are held at amortised cost. The carrying amount of trade and 
other receivables approximates fair value. 

20. Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash at bank and in hand

2020
£’000

33,844

2019 
£’000 

110 

Cash and cash equivalents are held at amortised cost. Fair value approximates carrying value. 

Cash at bank earns interest at floating interest rates determined by reference to short-term benchmark rates. 

21. Assets classified as held for sale 

Non-current assets held for sale 

Freehold land and buildings 

At 1 January

Transfer from property, plant and equipment

Disposals

At 31 December

2020
£’000

2019 
£’000 

797

703

(797)

703

797 

-  

-  

797 

Following the closure of two of the Group’s dealerships in October 2020, the decision was taken to sell the freehold properties 
owned by the Group and used by the dealership. The freehold properties were reclassified as held for sale and transferred from 
property, plant and equipment into current assets. On reclassification, the freehold properties were measured at their carrying 
values, which was the lower of their carrying value and fair value less costs to sell at the date of reclassification (fair value was 
determined by a desktop valuation from Chartered Surveyors). No impairments was required as fair value less costs to sell 
exceed the asset’s carrying value.  

Following the closure of one of the Group’s dealerships in October 2018, the decision was taken to sell the freehold property 
owned by the Group and used by the dealership. This property was subsequently sold in June 2020. Profits on disposal of assets 
classified as held for sale are included in Note 7 ‘Non-Underlying Items’. 

22. Trade and other payables 

Current - trade and other payables 

Trade payables:

- vehicle financing arrangements

- other trade payables

Contract liabilities

Amounts owed to related undertakings (note 31)

Other tax and social security payable

Other payables

Accruals

Total current trade and other payables

141
141

2020
£’000

2019 
£’000 

364,883

71,024

22,256

354

4,910

9,657

18,164

491,248

443,749 

102,170 

10,502 

42 

4,803 

1,893 

14,851 

578,010 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

22. Trade and other payables (continued) 

Non-current – other payables 

Contract liabilities

Total non-current other payables

2020
£’000

6,008

6,008

2019 
£’000 

6,371 

6,371 

All financial liabilities included within current trade and other payables are held at amortised cost; carrying value is a reasonable 
approximation of fair value. 

Vehicle financing arrangements 

The Group finances the purchases of new and used vehicle inventories using vehicle funding facilities’ provided by various lenders 
including the captive finance companies associated with brand partners. These finance arrangements generally have a maturity 
of 90 days or less and the Group is normally required to repay amounts outstanding on the earlier of the sale of the vehicles that 
have been funded under the facilities or the stated maturity date. 

Amounts due to finance companies in respect of vehicle funding are included within trade payables and disclosed under vehicle 
financing arrangements. Related cash flows are reporting within cash flows from operating activities within the consolidated 
statement of cash flows. 

Vehicle financing facilities are subject to LIBOR-based (or similar) interest rates. The interest incurred under these agreements 
is included within finance costs and classified as stock holding interest. 

Contract liabilities 

OEM contributions

Commission income

Service packages

2020
£’000

310

22,069

5,885

28,264

2019 
£’000 

949 

10,238 

5,686 

16,873 

Contract liabilities include OEM contributions received in advance from manufacturer’s which the Group acts as principal. 

At 1 January

Deferred during the year

Recognised as revenue during the year

At 31 December

2020
£'000

949

45

(684)

310

2019 
£'000 

590 

517 

(158) 

949 

Contract liabilities include commission income received in advance from the various finance and insurance companies for which 
the Group acts as agent. 

At 1 January

Deferred during the year

Recognised as revenue during the year

At 31 December

2020
£’000

10,238

24,179

(12,348)

22,069

2019 
£’000 

18,165 

4,408 

(12,335) 

10,238 

Contract liabilities include service packages received in advance from customers for which the Group acts as principal.

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

22. Trade and other payables (continued) 

Contract liabilities (continued) 

At 1 January

Deferred during the year

Recognised as revenue during the year

At 31 December

23. Loans and borrowings 

Current loans and borrowings 

Mortgages

Bank loan

Non-current loans and borrowings 

Mortgages

Total loans and borrowings

2020
£'000

5,686

17,311

(17,112)

5,885

2019 
£'000 

5,596 

21,001 

(20,911) 

5,686 

2020
Nominal and
book value
£’000

2019 
Nominal and 
book value 
£’000 

641

- 

641

4,383

4,383

5,024

641 

25,000 

25,641 

5,024 

5,024 

30,665 

Mortgages comprise amounts borrowed from commercial financial institutions and are secured by fixed charges over specified 
property assets of certain subsidiaries of the Group.  

Committed facilities 

The Group has a revolving credit facility of £120,000,000 of which £nil was drawn at 31 December 2020 (2019: £25,000,000). 
This facility includes access to an overdraft facility of £25,000,000. This facility is available for general corporate purposes including 
acquisitions or working capital requirements. The facility is held in a cash pooling arrangement and balances have been offset in 
the Consolidated Balance Sheet.  

The  facility  is  secured  by  cross  guarantees  granted  by  the  certain  members  of  the  Group.  The  facility  is  available  until 
January 2023.  

More information in respect of principal risk management is provided in Note 26 ‘Financial Instruments – Risk Management’.  

The carrying amount of current loans and borrowings approximate fair value. 

The carrying amounts and fair value of the non-current loans and borrowings are as below. The fair values are based on cash 
flows discounted using the prevailing rates. 

Mortgages

Carrying
amount
£’000

4,383

2020
Fair
value
£’000

3,607

Carrying
amount
£’000

5,024

2019 
Fair 
value 
£’000 

3,951 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

23. Loans and borrowings (continued) 

Interest rate profile of  borrowings 

Mortgages

Bank loan

2020

Debt
£’000

641

- 

Weighted average cost of  drawn borrowings

641

2020
Average
effective
interest rate

2.16

- 

2.16

2019

Debt
£’000

5,665

25,000

30,665

2019 
Average 
effective 
interest rate 

2.40 

1.92 

2.01 

All loans and borrowings are subject to floating rates of interest which are determined by reference to official market rates such 
as LIBOR or the Finance House Base Rate. 

Maturity profile of  borrowings 

The Group’s borrowings have the following maturity profile: 

Within 1 year 

Between 1 and 5 years 

After 5 years

Total loans and borrowings

2020
£’000

641

2,565

1,818

5,024

2019 
£’000 

25,641 

2,565 

2,459 

30,665 

All loans and borrowings are subject to floating rates of interest which are determined by reference to official market rates such 
as LIBOR.  

24. Provisions 
                                                                                               Dilapidations    Closed sites               Other                 Total 
                                                                                                            £’000                £’000                £’000                £’000 
At 1 January 2020                                                                                1,198                   415                1,771                3,384 
Amount provided in the year                                                                   647                   290                        -                   937 
Amount released in the year                                                                  (715)                 (126)                 (103)                 (944) 
Amount utilised in the year                                                                    (136)                 (354)                 (157)                 (647) 
As at 31 December 2020                                                                       994                   225                1,511                2,730 

Provisions have been allocated between current and non-current as follows: 

Current

Non-current

Total provisions

Dilapidations and closed sites 

2020
£’000

2,190

540

2,730

2019 
£’000 

3,085 

299  

3,384 

The Group manages its portfolio carefully and either closes or sells sites which no longer fit with the Group’s strategy. When sites 
are closed or sold, provisions are made for any residual costs or commitments. 

The Group operates from a number of leasehold premises under full repairing leases. The provision recognises that repairs are 
required to put the buildings back into the state of repair required under the leases.

144144

 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

24. Provisions (continued) 

Other 

Other provisions include a total amount of £1,167,000 (2019: £1,167,000) in respect of the Group’s estimated financial exposure 
under open insurance claims and for potential output VAT payable arising from uncertain VAT treatment of specific vehicle 
purchases. Conclusion of these open positions was expected to occur in 2020, however due to delays and the impact of 
COVID-19, these are now expected to conclude in 2021. 

25.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities 

The analysis of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities is as below. 

Deferred tax liabilities:

– Deferred tax liability to be recovered after more than 12 months (note 25a)

– Deferred tax assets to be offset against liabilities (note 25b)

Net deferred tax liabilities

The movement on deferred tax balances is as follows: 

At 1 January

Impact of change in accounting policy (note 3)

Deferred tax acquired

Income statement (charge) / credit (note 11)

At 31 December

a) Deferred tax liabilities 

2020
£’000

2019 
£’000 

(42,056)

19,341

(22,715)

(39,227) 

19,093 

(20,134) 

2020
£’000

2019 
£’000 

(20,134)

(19,574) 

203

(49)

(2,735)

(22,715)

-  

(727) 

167 

(20,134) 

The movement in deferred tax liabilities during the year, without taking into consideration the offsetting of balances within the 
same tax jurisdiction, is as follows: 

S
T
N
E
M
E
T
A
T
S
L
A
C
N
A
N
F

I

I

Fixed 
assets 
acquired
on a
business
depreciation combination
£’000

Accelerated
tax

£’000

As at 1 January 2019

Acquisitions

1,242

- 

5,131

328

Charged/(credited) to the income statement 

 - current year

(148)

(177)

Charged/(credited) to the income statement 

 - prior year

At 31 December 2019

(317)

777

3

Assets 
Roll previously
over
relief
£’000

Intangible
qualifying Investment assets and
goodwill
£’000

for IBAs properties
£’000

£’000

Right-of- 
use asset
£’000

13,828

- 

13,825

4,489

Total 
£’000 

35,504 

4,817 

172

(682)

(780) 

- 

- 

(314) 

28

- 

80

- 

1,254

- 

- 

- 

196

- 

(25)

- 

171

5,285

1,254

108

14,000

17,632

39,227 

Acquisitions

- 

49

- 

- 

- 

- 

127

176 

Charged/(credited) to the income statement 

 - current year

Charged to the income statement - prior year

Impact of corporation tax rate reduction reversal

At 31 December 2020

(44)

34

95

862

(203)

15

623

(79)

- 

148

5,769

1,323

(27)

- 

20

164

(121)

- 

13

- 

270

32

1,651

15,953

(1,849)

(2,053) 

- 

2,075

17,985

81 

4,625 

42,056 

145145

 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

25.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities (continued) 

b) Deferred tax assets 

The movement in deferred tax assets during the year, without taking into consideration the offsetting of balances within the same 
tax jurisdiction, is as follows: 

Disposals
Capital
on a
losses sale basis
£’000

£’000

Other 
Lease temporary
liabilities differences
£’000

£’000

Total 
£’000 

As at 1 January 2019

Acquisitions

(Charged)/credited to the income statement 

- current year

(Charged)/credited to the income statement 

- prior year

At 31 December 2019

Impact of change in accounting policy (note 3)

At 1 January 2020

Acquisitions

(Charged)/credited to the income statement 

- current year

(Charged)/credited to the income statement 

- prior year

Impact of corporation tax rate reduction reversal

At 31 December 2020

368

- 

12

30

410

- 

410

- 

(228)

- 

48

230

209

- 

- 

14,515

4,090

838

15,930 

- 

4,090 

(603)

(212)

(803) 

(209)

- 

18,002

203

18,205

127

55

681

- 

(124) 

19,093 

203 

681

19,296 

- 

127 

(1,775)

(306)

(2,309) 

(30)

2,115

18,642

12

82

(18) 

2,245 

469

19,341 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Deferred tax assets are recognised for tax loss carry forwards to the extent that the realisation of the related tax benefit through 
future taxable profits is probable.  

Trading losses 

Available indefinitely

At 31 December

2020

Tax
losses
£’000

211

211

2020
Unrecognised
deferred tax 
asset
£’000

40

40

2019

Tax
losses
£’000

211

211

2019 
Unrecognised 
deferred tax 
asset 
£’000 

36 

36 

26. Financial instruments - risk management 

a)

Financial instruments by category 

The Group’s principal financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, bank overdrafts and loans and borrowings. 
The main purpose of these financial instruments is to manage the Group’s funding and liquidity requirements. The Group has 
other financial assets and liabilities such as trade receivables and trade payables, which arise directly from its operations. 

The table below analyses financial instruments by assets type. All financial liabilities are carried at amortised cost in both 2020 
and 2019. For all financial assets and liabilities, fair value equals carrying value except for long-term borrowings as disclosed in 
Note 23.

146146

 
 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

26.  Financial instruments – risk management (continued) 

a)

Financial instruments by category (continued) 

Assets as per the Consolidated Balance Sheet 

Finance lease receivables

Trade and other receivables excluding prepayments (note 19)

Cash and cash equivalents (note 20)

Total financial assets

Liabilities as per the Consolidated Balance Sheet 

Loans and borrowings (note 23)

Lease liabilities (note 16)

Trade and other payables excluding non-financial liabilities (note 22)

Total financial liabilities

b) Risk management 

The Group’s activities expose it to the following financial risks: 

• Market risk; 
•
•

Credit risk; and 
Liquidity risk. 

2020
£’000

1,442

59,699

33,844

94,985

5,024

99,344

492,346

596,714

2019 
£’000 

1,544 

79,253 

110 

80,907 

30,665 

108,085 

579,578 

718,328 

Each of these risks are managed in accordance with Board-approved policies. Risk management policies and systems have 
been established and are reviewed regularly to reflect changes in market conditions and the Group’s activities. These policies 
are set out below. 

The Group’s financial risk management processes seek to enable the early identification, evaluation and effective management 
of the significant risks facing the business.  

The Group does not use financial derivatives and does not enter into trade financial instruments, including derivative financial 
instruments, for speculative purposes. 

Market risk 

Market risk is the risk of movements in the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument or forecast transaction as 
underlying market prices change. The only market risk to which the Group is exposed is changes in interest rates. The Group’s 
business activities neither expose it to commodity price risk nor foreign currency risk. 

Interest rate risk is the risk that a change in interest rates adversely effects the Group’s performance or ability to settle financial 
obligations and comprises two elements. 

Interest price risk  

This risk results from financial instruments bearing fixed interest rates; changes in floating interest rates therefore affect the fair 
value of these fixed rate financial instruments. 

The Group has no debt subject to fixed interest rates and is, therefore, not exposed to interest price risk.  

Interest cash flow risk 

This risk results from financial instruments bearing floating interest rates. Changes in floating interest rates affect cash flows on 
interest receivable or payable. 

The Group is exposed to interest rate risk on its floating rate debt, namely all loans and borrowings. The interest rate exposure 
of the Group is managed within the constraints of the Group’s business plan and the financial covenants under its facilities. Due 
to the low value of the Group’s loans and borrowings as at 31 December 2020, the Group does not have significant sensitivities 
to the impact of future changes in interest rates on floating rate debt.

147147

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E
M
E
T
A
T
S
L
A
C
N
A
N
F

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

26.  Financial instruments – risk management (continued) 
b) Risk management (continued) 

Credit risk 

Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Group. 

The Group is exposed to credit risk on its financial assets which consist of cash balances with banks and trade and other 
receivables to the extent that settlement is cash-related. The Group does not have a significant exposure to this type of financial 
risk due to the nature of its customer base and the types of transaction that are undertaken. 

The maximum exposure to credit risk on the Group’s financial assets is represented by the assets’ carrying amount. 

Finance lease receivables 

The Group has one finance lease receivable which is a sub-leased property. There have been no instances of rent default by the 
lessee in the past, and none are expected in the future, hence the credit risk is deemed to be low. No impairment loss allowance 
has been recognised in the current or prior year.  

Trade receivables 

The Group has a high volume of transactions spread across a large customer base, therefore, does not have a significant 
exposure to the credit worthiness of any single counterparty.  

The Group has an established credit policy applied by each business under which the credit status of each new customer is 
reviewed (by reference to external credit evaluations, where possible) before credit is advanced. Credit limits are established for 
all significant or high-risk customers, which represent the maximum amount permitted to be outstanding without requiring additional 
approval from the appropriate level of management. These limits are based on external credit reference agency ratings and the 
utilisation of approved credit limits is regularly monitored. Outstanding debts are continually monitored by each business unit.  

Trade receivables are considered to be past due once they have passed their contractual due date. At each reporting date, the 
Group uses a provision matrix to measure expected credit losses on trade receivables. When the debt is deemed irrecoverable, 
the allowance account is written off against the underlying receivable. 

Credit quality of  trade receivables  

The provision for credit losses recognised against trade receivables is based on an expected credit loss model that calculates 
the expected loss applicable to the receivable balance over its lifetime. Default rates are calculated considering historical loss 
experience and are applied to trade receivables within a provision matrix. The matrix approach allows for the application of 
different default rates to different groups of customers with similar characteristics. The characteristics used to determine the 
groupings of receivables are the factors that have the greatest impact on the likelihood of default; namely, number of days past 
due. The rate of default increases once the balance is 90 days past due and subsequently in 90-day increments. This matrix 
calculation approach is considered to be appropriate as the Group’s trade receivable balance consists of a high volume of 
individually low value balances. 

The  most  significant  assumptions  included  within  the  expected  credit  loss  provisioning  model  that  gives  rise  to  estimation 
uncertainty, albeit immaterial, are that future default rates will be consistent with actual past performance and that there will be no 
significant change in the payment profile or recovery rates. Historical default rates are calculated using a ‘roll rate’ method based 
on the probability of a receivable progressing through successive stages of delinquency to write-off. Default rates are based on 
average actual credit loss experience over the previous two-year period. The Group reviews and updates these default rates on 
a quarterly basis to ensure that the default rates used as the basis of the assumption are calculated based on the most up-to-date 
data. Actual historical default rates are then adjusted for current, forward-looking information; namely, regulatory changes and 
macroeconomic factors applicable to the Group’s customer base that may have an impact, now or in the future, on recoverability. 
While forward-looking information is usually considered to be immaterial, exceptions to this could arise in the event of a forecast 
significant, one-off event. The Group does not believe that Brexit will have a material impact on the outstanding receivables balance. 
The Group has factored an increased risk of default resulting from the macroeconomic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic into 
the expected credit loss calculations, resulting in an increase in the loss allowance recognised as at 31 December 2020. 

148148

Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

26.  Financial instruments – risk management (continued) 
b) Risk management (continued) 

Credit risk (continued) 

Credit quality of  trade receivables (continued) 

The movement in the allowance for impairment in respect of trade and other receivables during the year was as follows: 

Balance at 1 January per IFRS 9 
Net remeasurement of loss allowances
Balance at 31 December per IFRS 9

Cash and cash equivalents 

2020
£’000
460
211
671

2019 
£’000 
677 
(217) 
460 

Banking relationships are generally limited to those banks that are members of the core relationship group. These banks are 
selected for their credit status and their ability to meet the businesses’ day-to-day banking requirements. The credit ratings of 
these institutions are monitored on a continuing basis.  

The Group has not recorded impairments against cash or cash equivalents, nor have any recoverability issues been identified 
with such balances. Such items are typically recoverable on demand or in line with normal banking arrangements. 

Exposure to credit risk 

A summary of the Group’s exposure to credit risk for trade receivables and cash and cash equivalents is as follows: 

Counterparties without external credit rating:
Group 1
Group 2
Total gross carrying amount
Loss allowance
Net carrying amount of  trade receivables

Gross carrying amount
Loss allowance
Finance lease receivable

Counterparties with external credit rating: 
A \ A+ (stable)*
Loss allowance
Cash at bank

2020
£’000
Not credit-
impaired

2020
£’000
Credit-
impaired

2019
£’000
Not credit-
impaired

2019 
£’000 
Credit- 
impaired 

517
29,992
30,509
(671)
29,838

1,334
- 
1,334

33,844
- 
33,844

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

1,893
48,836
50,729
(460)
50,269

1,544
- 
1,544

110
- 
110

-  
-  
-  
-  
-  

-  
-  
-  

-  
-  
-  

Group 1 – new customers/related parties (less than 6 months). 
Group 2 – existing customers/related parties (more than 6 months) and no defaults in the past. 
* Standard & Poor’s rating (long term) 

149149

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M
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A
T
S
L
A
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N
A
N
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I

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

26.  Financial instruments – risk management (continued) 

b) Risk management (continued) 
Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the group will encounter difficulty in meeting its obligations associated with its financial liabilities as 
they fall due. 

Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the Board, which has built an appropriate liquidity risk management 
framework for the management of the Group’s short, medium and long-term funding and liquidity management requirements.  

Liquidity risk is managed by maintaining adequate levels of easily accessible cash reserves and committed banking facilities. To 
assess the adequacy of resources, available headroom is continuously monitored through review of forecast and actual cash 
flows and through matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities. The Group has access to undrawn banking 
facilities in order to further reduce liquidity risk. The Group does not anticipate any issues drawing on the committed, undrawn 
banking facilities should this be necessary. Full details of the Group’s borrowing facilities are given in Note 23 ‘Loans and 
Borrowings’.  

The table below analyses the contractual undiscounted cash flows relating to the Group’s financial liabilities at the balance sheet 
date. The cash flows are grouped based on the remaining period to the contractual maturity date. The Group holds sufficient 
funds to meet these commitments as they fall due. 

Due 
between
6 months
and
1 year
£’000

Due within 6
months
£’000

366

7,395

362

7,318

Due
between
1 and 2
years
£’000

Due 
between
2 and
5 years
£’000

717

2,078

Due 
after 5 
years
£’000

1,863

Total 
£’000 

5,386 

14,161

36,826

101,774

167,474 

486,338

494,099

- 

6,008

- 

- 

492,346 

7,680

20,886

38,904

103,637

665,206 

Due 
between
6 months
and
1 year
£’000

Due
between
1 and 2
years
£’000

382

- 

752

- 

Due 
between
2 and
5 years
£’000

2,164

- 

Due 
after 5 
years
£’000

3,367

Total 
£’000 

7,051 

- 

25,000 

7,313

14,536

40,381

113,005

182,316 

- 

6,371

- 

- 

579,578 

7,695

21,659

42,545

116,372

793,945 

Due within 6
months
£’000

386

25,000

7,081

573,207

605,674

Mortgages

Lease liabilities 

Trade and other payables  

(excluding other taxes and social security)

At 31 December 2020

Mortgages

Bank loan*

Lease liabilities 

Trade and other payables  

(excluding other taxes and social security)

At 31 December 2019

*Bank loans include short-term borrowings under the revolving credit facility, which in accordance with the terms and conditions of the committed facility are due for 
repayment within 30 days. 

The above tables do not include forecast data for liabilities which may be incurred in the future but which were not contracted as 
at the balance sheet date.

150150

Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

26.  Financial instruments – risk management (continued) 

c) Capital risk management 

The capital structure of the Group consists of cash and cash equivalents, loans and borrowings and shareholders’ equity. The 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity provides details on equity, Note 20 provides details of cash and cash equivalents 
and Note 23 provides details of loans and borrowings. 

The Group manages its capital structure with the following objectives: 

•

•

•
•

to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern and maintain sufficient available resources as protection for 
unforeseen events; 
to ensure that sufficient capital resources are available for working capital requirements and meeting principal and interest 
payment obligations as they fall due; 
to provide flexibility of resource for strategic growth and investment where opportunities arise; and 
to provide reasonable returns to shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders whilst maintaining a limited level of risk. 

There were no changes to the Group’s approach to capital management during the year.  

By virtue of the Group’s retail mediation activities, the Group is subject to the capital requirements imposed by the Financial 
Conduct Authority on all non-investment insurance intermediaries. The Group’s capital adequacy is monitored on a quarterly 
basis and its capital resources have been consistently in excess of the requirements. 

The Directors monitor the Group’s capital structure and determine the level of dividends payable to shareholders at least twice 
a year prior to the announcement of results, taking into account the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern and the capital 
requirements of its strategic business plans. Consistent with others in the industry, the Directors monitor levels of leverage by 
reference to the ratio of net debt to total shareholders’ equity. Net debt is calculated as total borrowings (including both current 
and non-current borrowings) less cash and cash equivalents. As disclosed in the Net Debt Reconciliation on page 103, the Group 
had net debt of £70,524,000 as at 31 December 2020 (2019: £138,640,000). 

27. Fair value measurement 

The carrying amounts and fair values of the Group’s financial assets and financial liabilities are as below. The Group considers 
that the carrying amount of the following financial assets and financial liabilities are a reasonable approximation of their fair value: 
trade receivables, trade payables, bank loans and cash and cash equivalents. Therefore, these assets are not disclosed below. 

All fair values shown in the table below are measured using observable inputs (Level 2). The fair value of non-current mortgages 
is determined by reference to future contractual cash flows discounted using the prevailing market interest rates for facilities with 
similar characteristics.  

Financial liabilities 

Mortgages

2020

Carrying 
amount Fair value
£’000

£’000

2019 

Carrying  
amount
£’000

Fair value 
£’000 

4,383

3,607

5,024

3,951 

There have been no transfers between levels in the fair value hierarchy during either 2020 or 2019.  

151151

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A
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

28. Share capital and reserves 

Share capital and share premium 

At 1 January 2019

Issued 2 April 2019

Issued 23 December 2019

At 31 December 2019

At 31 December 2020

Number
of  shares

77,865,653

306,795

59,789

78,232,237

78,232,237

Ordinary
shares
£'000

49,834

196

38

50,068

50,068

Share
premium
£'000

19,672

- 

- 

19,672

19,672

Total 
£'000 

69,506 

196 

38 

69,740 

69,740 

On 2 April 2019 306,795 ordinary shares of 64p each were issued as part of the exercise of share options awarded under the IPO 
Performance share option scheme. 

On 23 December 2019 59,789 ordinary shares of 64p each were issued as part of the exercise of share options awarded under 
the 2016 Performance share option scheme. 

All shares issued are fully paid. Details of Directors’ interests in shares are shown in the Directors’ Remuneration Report on pages 
86 to 89.  

Share repurchases  

In April 2019 the Employee Benefit Trust (controlled by the Company) subscribed to 306,795 ordinary shares of the Company as 
part of the exercise of the IPO Performance share option scheme. The Trust subscribed to the shares at nominal value.  

In December 2019 the Employee Benefit Trust (controlled by the Company) subscribed to 164,427 ordinary shares of the Company 
as part of the exercise of the 2016 Performance share option scheme. 104,638 of these ordinary shares were acquired from the 
market at market value, while the Trust subscribed to the remaining 59,789 ordinary shares at nominal value.  

Shares held by subsidiaries  

No shares in the Company were held by subsidiaries in 2020 (2019: nil). 

Share-based payments reserve 

The share-based payments reserve is used to recognise the value of equity-settled share-based payments granted to employees, 
including key management personnel, and Directors of the Group as part of their remuneration. Refer to Note 29 ‘Share-Based 
Payments’ for further details of these plans. 

Own shares reserve 

Represents shares in the Company held by the Marshall Motor Holdings Employee Benefit Trust. These shares are held in order 
to  satisfy  options  exercised  under  the  Group’s  Performance  Share  Plan.  Further  details  of  which  are  set  out  in  Note  29 
‘Share-Based Payments’.

152152

 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

29. Share-based payments 

The Group operates an equity-settled share option scheme for certain senior managers and executive directors of the Group 
(“the Performance Share Plan”). As at 31 December 2020, six share grants have been awarded under the scheme being (a) IPO 
Performance Awards  (vesting  in  two  tranches),  (b)  2016  Performance Awards,  (c)  2017  Performance Awards,  (d)  2018 
Performance Awards, (e) 2019 Awards and (f) 2020 Awards. Awards are made annually to eligible employees at the discretion 
of the Remuneration Committee; employees receive shares at the end of the performance period, subject to the achievement of 
the specified underlying basic earnings per share (“EPS”) performance conditions. Performance conditions are designed to 
incentivise senior managers and executive directors to maximise long-term shareholder returns. Each option grant under the 
scheme is disclosed separately below. 

The total share-based payment charge recognised during the year ended 31 December 2020 was £668,000 (2019: £1,282,000). 
This is split as £107,000 in accruals (2019: £152,000) and £561,000 (2019: £1,130,000) in the share-based payments reserve.  

If an option remains unexercised after a period of ten years from the date of grant, the option expires. The weighted average 
remaining contractual life of options outstanding as at 31 December 2020 is 8.2 years (2019: 8.7 years).  

The fair value of share options is determined by reference to the market value of the Group’s shares at the date of grant. No 
valuation model is required to calculate the fair value of awards on the basis that the employees receiving the awards are entitled 
to receive the full value of the shares and there are no market-based performance conditions attached to the awards. The weighted 
average fair value of options outstanding as at 31 December 2020 is £1.45 (2019: £1.56). The fair value of options granted during 
the year was £1.25 (2019: £1.43). The fair value of equity settled share options granted was based on market value on 20 August 
2020 when the share options were granted. 

Options are ordinarily forfeited if the employee leaves the Group before the options vest. All options issued are nil cost options 
and all awards have an exercise price of £nil.  

The share option scheme is in place to encourage option holders to take appropriate and timely action to maximise the long-term 
financial performance and success of the Group. As a result, in accordance with the discretion afforded to them under the Group’s 
remuneration policy, the Remuneration Committee regularly reviews any impact of Group restructurings and reorganisations on 
incentive outcomes to ensure that performance conditions are not distorted by action taken to optimise business performance 
for the long-term benefit of the Group.  

The Remuneration Committee exercised this discretion during 2020. See the Directors’ Remuneration Report on pages 86 to 89 
for further details.  

In September 2020, the 2017 Performance Awards became exercisable. These awards remain unexercised as at 31 December 
2020. 

In June 2019, the 2016 Performance Awards became exercisable. On 23 and 31 December 2019, all option holders exercised 
these  options. As  such  164,427  ordinary  shares  of  64p  were  issued  to  satisfy  the  exercise  of  options.  On  exercise,  the 
Remuneration Committee exercised its discretion to settle a proportion of the share options equal to the option holders’ tax liability 
arising on exercise in cash rather than being cash settled. The total value of cash-settled transactions was £517,000. 

In April 2019, the second tranche of the IPO Performance Awards became exercisable. On 2 April 2019, all option holders 
exercised these options. As such 306,795 ordinary shares of 64p were issued to satisfy the exercise of options. On exercise, the 
Remuneration Committee exercised its discretion to settle a proportion of the share options equal to the option holders’ tax liability 
arising on exercise in cash rather than being cash settled. The total value of cash-settled transactions was £708,000.  

As at 31 December 2020 outstanding share options were as follows:  

S
T
N
E
M
E
T
A
T
S
L
A
C
N
A
N
F

I

I

Award

Award date

2017 Performance Awards

29 September 2017

2018 Performance Awards

11 April 2018

2019 Awards

2020 Awards

No of  shares
over which
options are Exercise
price
outstanding

Date
from which
exercisable

Expiry 
date 

577,690

644,760

668,577

Nil

Nil

Nil

 Nil

29 September 2020

29 September 2027 

11 April 2021

11 April 2028 

28 November 2022

28 November 2029 

11 March 2023

11 March 2030 

28 November 2019

20 August 2020

1,035,632

153153

 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

29. Share-based payments (continued) 

a)

IPO Performance Awards 

The IPO Performance Awards are subject to non-market performance conditions as detailed below as well as the service condition 
of continuous employment.  

The options vest for achieving growth in EPS from 2014 to 2017; 25% vest for achieving growth of CPI plus 4% per annum 
increasing to 100% vesting for achieving growth of CPI plus 10% per annum. 

These options vest in two equal tranches and 50% become exercisable on the third anniversary of the date on which the 
Company's shares were admitted to trading on the Alternative Investment Market of the London Stock Exchange and the 
remaining 50% become exercisable on the fourth anniversary. 

IPO Performance Awards 

Outstanding as at 1 January

Granted during the year

Forfeited during the year

Exercised during the year

Expired during the year

Outstanding as at 31 December

Exercisable as at 31 December

b)

2016 Performance Awards 

2020
No.

2020
WAEP

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2019
No.

578,856 

- 

- 

(578,856)

- 

- 

- 

2019 
WAEP 

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

The 2016 Performance Awards are subject to non-market performance conditions as detailed below as well as the service 
condition of continuous employment.  

The options vest for achieving growth in EPS from 2015 to 2018; 25% vest for achieving growth of CPI plus 3% per annum 
increasing to 100% vesting for achieving growth of CPI plus 8% per annum.  

These options all become exercisable on the third anniversary of the grant date.  

The 2016 Performance Awards are subject to a holding period which starts on the grant date and ends on the fourth anniversary 
of the grant date. 

2016 Performance Awards 

Outstanding as at 1 January

Granted during the year

Forfeited during the year

Exercised during the year

Expired during the year

Outstanding as at 31 December

Exercisable as at 31 December

2019
No.

493,575 

- 

(340,126)

(153,449)

- 

- 

- 

2019 
WAEP 

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

2020
No.

2020
WAEP

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

154154

Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

29. Share-based payments (continued) 

c)

2017 Performance Awards 

The 2017 Performance Awards are subject to non-market performance conditions as detailed below as well as the service 
condition of continuous employment.  

The options vest for achieving growth in underlying, basic EPS from 2018 to 2019; 25% vest for achieving growth of CPI plus 
1% per annum and the percentage of options which vests increases on a straight line basis up to 100% vesting for achieving 
growth of CPI plus 5% per annum.  

These options all become exercisable on the third anniversary of the grant date.  

The 2017 Performance Awards are subject to a holding period which starts on the grant date and ends on the fourth anniversary 
of the grant date. 

2017 Performance Awards 

Outstanding as at 1 January

Granted during the year

Forfeited during the year

Exercised during the year

Expired during the year

Outstanding as at 31 December

Exercisable as at 31 December

d)

2018 Performance Awards 

2020
No.

611,373 

- 

(33,683)

- 

- 

577,690 

577,690 

2020
WAEP

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2019
No.

619,763 

-

(8,390)

- 

- 

611,373 

- 

2019 
WAEP 

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

The 2018 Performance Awards are subject to non-market performance conditions as detailed below as well as the service 
condition of continuous employment.  

The options vest for achieving growth in underlying, basic EPS from 2017 to 2020; 25% vest for achieving growth of 1.3% per 
annum and the percentage of options which vests increases on a straight line basis up to 100% vesting for achieving growth of 
6% or more per annum.  

These options all become exercisable on the third anniversary of the grant date.  

The 2018 Performance Awards are subject to a holding period which starts on the grant date and ends on the fourth anniversary 
of the grant date. 

2018 Performance Awards 

Outstanding as at 1 January

Granted during the year

Forfeited during the year

Exercised

Expired during the year

2020
No.

680,249 

-

(35,489) 

- 

- 

Outstanding as at 31 December

644,760 

Exercisable as at 31 December

- 

155155

2020
WAEP

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2019
No.

731,054 

- 

(50,805)

- 

- 

680,249 

- 

2019 
WAEP 

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

29. Share-based payments (continued) 

e)

2019 Awards 

The 2019 Awards are subject to the service condition of continuous employment.  

These options all become exercisable on the third anniversary of the grant date.  

The 2019 Awards are subject to a holding period which starts on the grant date and ends on the fourth anniversary of the grant 
date. 

2019 Awards 

Outstanding as at 1 January

Granted during the year

Forfeited during the year

Exercised during the year

Expired during the year

2020
No.

710,682 

- 

(42,105) 

- 

- 

Outstanding as at 31 December

668,577

Exercisable as at 31 December

- 

f)

2020 Awards 

2020
WAEP

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2019
No.

- 

710,682 

- 

- 

- 

710,682 

- 

2019 
WAEP 

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

The 2020 Awards are subject to the service condition of continuous employment.  

These options all become exercisable on the vesting date of 11 March 2023. 

The 2020 Awards are subject to a holding period which starts on the grant date and ends on the first anniversary of the vesting 
date. 

2020
No.

2020
WAEP

2019
No.

2019 
WAEP 

2020 Awards

Outstanding as at 1 January

Granted during the year

Forfeited during the year

Exercised during the year

Expired during the year

- 

1,107,632 

(72,000) 

- 

- 

Outstanding as at 31 December

1,035,632 

Exercisable as at 31 December

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

-  

156156

 
 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

30. Analysis of  net debt 
                                                                                                                                                                                       At 31 
                                                                       At 1 January                Cash                  New         Non-cash        December 
                                                                                    2020                flows              leases              items*                 2020 
                                                                                   £’000                £’000                £’000                £’000                £’000 
Cash and cash equivalents                                         110              33,734                        -                        -              33,844 

Liabilities arising from financing activities 
Loans and borrowings                                             (30,665)             25,641                        -                        -               (5,024) 
Lease liabilities                                                      (108,085)             11,323               (3,627)               1,045             (99,344) 
                                                                              (138,750)             36,964               (3,627)               1,045           (104,368) 

Net debt                                                                (138,640)             70,698               (3,627)               1,045             (70,524) 

Lease liabilities                                                        108,085             (11,323)               3,627               (1,045)             99,344 

Adjusted net (debt) / cash at year end  
(non GAAP measure)                                             (30,555)             59,375                        -                        -              28,820 

*Non-cash items include remeasurements to existing lease liabilities as well as the unwinding of the discount on lease liabilities.  

                                                                                                                                                                                       At 31 
                                                                       At 1 January                Cash                  New         Non-cash         December 
                                                                                    2019                flows              leases              items*                  2019 
                                                                                   £’000                £’000                £’000                £’000                £’000 
Cash and cash equivalents                                      1,174               (1,064)                       -                        -                   110 

Liabilities arising from financing activities 
Loans and borrowings                                               (6,306)            (24,359)                       -                        -             (30,665) 
Lease liabilities                                                        (87,642)               9,780             (28,778)              (1,445)          (108,085) 
                                                                                (93,948)            (14,579)            (28,778)              (1,445)          (138,750) 

Net debt                                                                  (92,774)            (15,643)            (28,778)              (1,445)          (138,640) 

Lease liabilities                                                          87,642               (9,780)             28,778                1,445            108,085 

Adjusted net debt at year end (non 
GAAP measure)                                                       (5,132)            (25,423)                       -                        -             (30,555) 

*Non-cash items include remeasurements to existing lease liabilities as well as the unwinding of the discount on lease liabilities.  

157157

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

31.  Related party transactions 

Key management compensation is given in Note 9 ‘Employees and Directors’. 

During 2020 and 2019 the Directors were members of an employee car ownership scheme under which the following transactions 
were made in the year. The Directors purchased 18 cars in 2020 (2019:24) at a price of £1,385,000 (2019: £1,725,000) and sold 
back 19 (2019:23) at a price of £1,773,000 (2019: £1,577,000). The Directors did not make a profit on these transactions.  

All companies within Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) Limited other than those which are subsidiaries of Marshall Motor Holdings 
plc are related parties for which the disclosure exemption does not apply.  

2020

Ultimate parent undertaking

    Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) Limited

Other group entities

    Marshall of Cambridge Aerospace Limited

    Marshall Group Properties Limited

    Marshall Land Systems Limited

Other related parties

    RPJ Consulting Services Limited*

Sales
£’000

Purchases
£’000

Year-end 
balance 
£’000 

50

4

- 

808

- 

862

- 

77

934

- 

10

1,021

10 

(28) 

(323) 

806 

(3) 

462 

*The Group purchases administrative support services from RPJ Consulting Services Limited, a company whose sole director is also Marshall Motor Holdings plc’s 
Non-Executive Chairman.  

2019

Ultimate parent undertaking 

    Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) Limited

Other group entities

    Marshall of Cambridge Aerospace Limited

    Marshall Thermo King Limited

Other related parties

    RPJ Consulting Services Limited*

Sales
£’000

Purchases
£’000

Year-end 
balance 
£’000 

2

- 

- 

- 

2

- 

91

1

10

102

3 

(39) 

-  

(3) 

(39) 

* The Group purchases administrative support services from RPJ Consulting Services Limited, a company whose sole director is also Marshall Motor Holdings plc’s 

Non-Executive Chairman.  

Outstanding balances with group entities are unsecured, interest free and are expected to be settled in cash.  

During the year ended 31 December 2020, the Group has not made any provision for doubtful debts relating to amounts owed 
by related parties (2019: £nil). 

158158

 
 
 
 
 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

32. Pensions 

a) Defined contribution pension schemes 

The Group makes contributions to defined contribution pension schemes; contributions paid are calculated by reference to a 
percentage of each employee’s salary. All defined contribution schemes into which the Group makes contributions are managed 
by third party providers. The only obligation of the Group with respect to these schemes is to make the specified contributions. 
The total income statement charge for contributions for the year ended 31 December 2020 was £2,993,000 (2019: £2,732,000). 

The total unpaid pension contributions outstanding at the year end were £539,000 (2019: £526,000).  

b) Defined benefit pension schemes 

Cessation of  Participation in the Plan and Provision for Section 75 Employer Debt 

Following the sale of Marshall Leasing Limited in 2017, the Group no longer had any current employees who were members of 
the defined benefit section of the Plan. As a result of the Group’s strategic review of its existing pension arrangements on 
31 December 2018, the Group ceased to be a participating employer in the Plan as a result of it no longer employing any active 
members of the defined contribution section of the Plan. Accordingly, on 31 December 2018, a debt was triggered under Section 
75 of the Pension Act 1995 on the Group (“Employer Debt”). 

On 7 February 2019 the Plan’s actuary issued a certificate for the purposes of Regulation 5(18) and Regulation 6(8) of the 
Occupational Pension Schemes (Employer Debt) Regulations 2005 confirming that the Employer Debt at 31 December 2018 
was £5,541,000. 

On 25 February 2019 the Group paid the Employer Debt (together with Trustee expenses of £25,000) to the Trustees of the Plan 
and entered in to a Deed of De-Adherence with the Trustees and Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) Limited confirming the 
discharge of the Group from the trusts of the Plan and from any further obligations in relation to the Plan with effect from that 
date. Accordingly, with effect from that date, the Group has no further commitments or participation in any defined benefit pension 
plans. 

Principal Employer’s IAS 19 Disclosures 

Details of the full scheme are included in the Annual Report and Accounts of Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) Limited which 
can be obtained from: Airport House, The Airport, Cambridge CB5 8RY. 

33. Ultimate parent company 

The parent undertaking of the largest group of undertakings for which consolidated financial statements are drawn up and of 
which the Company is a member is Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) Limited. This is both the immediate parent undertaking 
and the ultimate parent undertaking. In light of its aggregate shareholding in the capital of the Company, Marshall of Cambridge 
(Holdings) Limited has entered into a relationship agreement in order to regulate the relationship between it and the Company 
and enable the Company to act independently of Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) Limited and its affiliates. 

Copies of the consolidated financial statements for Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) Limited can be obtained from: Airport 
House, The Airport, Cambridge CB5 8RY. 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Company Financial Statements

Balance Sheet 
At 31 December 2020 

Fixed assets

Investments

Current assets

Debtors

Cash at bank and in hand

Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

Net current liabilities

Net assets

Capital and reserves

Called-up share capital

Share premium

Share-based payments reserve

Own shares reserve

Profit and loss account

Shareholders' funds

Note

2020
£’000

2019 
£’000 

6

7

9

10

154,689 

156,622  

5,442 

- 

5,442 

(51,830)

(46,388)

108,301 

50,068 

19,672 

1,586 

(12)

36,987 

108,301 

5,060  

5,465  

10,525  

(54,343) 

(43,818) 

112,804  

50,068  

19,672  

1,025  

(12) 

42,051  

112,804  

The total comprehensive loss of the Company for the year ended 31 December 2020 was £5,064,000 (2019: £9,219,000). 

The Company financial statements were approved for issue by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 8 March 2021. 

Richard Blumberger 
Chief Financial Officer 

160
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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Company Financial Statements

Statement of  Changes in Equity 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

                                                                                                                 Share- 
                                                              Called-up                                   based               Own      Profit and 
                                                                     share             Share      payments           shares                loss 
                                                                   capital        premium          reserve          reserve         account               Total 
                                                Note              £’000              £’000              £’000              £’000              £’000              £’000 

At 1 January 2019                                      49,834            19,672              1,570                      -            58,247          129,323  

Loss for the financial year                                     -                      -                      -                      -             (9,219)           (9,219) 

Total comprehensive loss  
for the year                                                           -                      -                      -                      -             (9,219)           (9,219) 

Equity dividends paid                   12                      -                      -                      -                      -             (7,223)           (7,223) 

New shares issued                      10                 234                      -                      -                (234)                    -                      -  

Exercise of share options            10                      -                      -             (1,675)                385                 246             (1,044) 

Acquisition of own shares                                     -                      -                      -                (163)                    -                (163) 

Share-based payments charge    11                      -                      -              1,130                      -                      -              1,130  

At 31 December 2019                                50,068            19,672              1,025                  (12)           42,051          112,804  

Loss for the financial year                                     -                      -                      -                      -             (5,064)           (5,064) 

Total comprehensive loss  
for the year                                                           -                      -                      -                      -             (5,064)           (5,064) 

Share-based payments charge    11                      -                      -                 561                      -                      -                 561  

At 31 December 2020                                50,068            19,672              1,586                  (12)           36,987          108,301  

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Company Financial Statements

1. Statement of  compliance 

Marshall Motor Holdings plc (the Company) is incorporated and domiciled in the United Kingdom. The Company is a public limited 
company, limited by shares, whose shares are listed on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) of the London Stock Exchange. 
The Company is registered in England under the Companies Act 2006 (registration number 02051461) with the address of the 
registered office being; Airport House, The Airport, Cambridge, CB5 8RY, United Kingdom.  

The parent company financial statements have been prepared in compliance with FRS 102, the Financial Reporting Standard 
applicable in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland and in accordance with the Companies Act 2006. 

2. Basis of  preparation 

The financial statements are prepared in Sterling which is both the functional and presentational currency of the Company and all 
values are rounded to the nearest thousand pounds (£’000) except where otherwise indicated. The financial information has been 
prepared on the going concern and historical cost basis. 

The Company is part of the consolidated financial statements of Marshall Motor Holdings plc. 

Exemptions adopted 

The following disclosure exemptions have been adopted as permitted by FRS 102: 

Financial instrument-related disclosures 

– Presentation of a cash-flow statement and related notes 
–
– Key management personnel compensation disclosures 
– Share-based payments disclosures 

Company profit 

As permitted under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the Company has elected to neither present a Company Income 
Statement nor Company Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

3. Accounting policies 

Except where disclosed otherwise in this note, the accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the Company financial 
statements  are  consistent  with  those  applied  when  preparing  the  Company  financial  statements  for  the  year  ended 
31 December 2019. 

Investments in subsidiaries 

Investments in subsidiaries are recognised at cost less any impairment. Impairments are recognised directly through the Income 
Statement. 

Taxation 

Current taxation 
Current tax is recognised for the amount of income tax payable in respect of the taxable profit for the current or past reporting 
periods using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. 

Deferred taxation 
Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences which are differences between taxable profits and total comprehensive 
income that arise from the inclusion of income and expenses in tax assessments in periods different from those in which they are 
recognised in the financial statements. There are the following exceptions.

162
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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Company Financial Statements

3. Accounting policies (continued) 

Taxation (continued) 

Deferred taxation (continued) 
Where, in a business combination, there are differences between amounts that can be deducted for tax for assets (other than 
goodwill) and liabilities compared with the amounts that are recognised in the financial statements for those assets and liabilities, 
a deferred tax liability or asset is recognised. The amount attributed to goodwill is adjusted by the amount of the deferred tax 
recognised. 

Unrelieved tax losses and other deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is considered probable that they will 
be  recovered  against  the  reversal  of  deferred  tax  liabilities  or  other  future  taxable  profits.  Deferred  tax  is  measured  on  an 
undiscounted basis at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the periods in which timing differences reverse, based on tax 
rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. 

With the exception of changes arising on the initial recognition of a business combination, the taxation charge or credit is presented 
either in the income statement or the statement of other comprehensive income depending on the transaction that resulted in the 
taxation charge or credit. 

Deferred tax liabilities are presented within provisions for liabilities and deferred tax assets within debtors. Deferred tax assets and 
deferred tax liabilities are offset only if: 

–
–

the company has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities, and 
the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority on either the 
same taxable entity or different taxable entities which intend either to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis, or 
to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously. 

Financial instruments 

The Company has non-derivative financial instruments comprising trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents, loans 
and borrowings and trade and other payables. 

The Company has no financial instruments measured at fair value. 

Cash and cash equivalents  

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at banks and in hand. 

Short-term debtors and creditors  

Debtors and creditors with no stated interest rate and which are receivable or payable within one year are recorded at transaction 
price. Any losses arising from impairment are recognised in the Income Statement. 

Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 

All interest-bearing loans and borrowings are initially recognised at the present value of cash payable to the bank (including interest). 
After initial recognition they are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method, less impairment. The effective 
interest rate amortisation is included in the Income Statement. 

Share-based payments 

The  Company  operates  a  number  of  equity-settled,  share-based  compensation  plans  through  which  the  Company  allows 
employees to receive shares in the Company. 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Company Financial Statements

3. Accounting policies (continued) 

Share-based payments (continued) 

Equity-settled share-based payments are measured at fair value (calculated excluding the effect of service and non-market based 
performance vesting conditions) at the date of grant. The share-based payment charge to be expensed is determined by reference 
to  the  fair  value  of  share  options  granted  and  is  recognised  as  an  employee  expense  within  underlying  earnings,  with  a 
corresponding increase in equity.  

The share-based payment charge is recognised on a straight-line basis over the vesting period (being the period over which all 
vesting conditions are to be satisfied). An award subject to graded vesting is accounted for as though it were multiple, separate 
awards, the number of awards being determined in direct correlation to the number of instalments in which the options vest. 

The share-based payment charge is based on the Company’s estimate of the number of options that are expected to vest. At 
each balance sheet date, the Company revises its estimates of the number of options that are expected to vest based on the 
non-market performance vesting conditions and service conditions. The Company’s remuneration policy gives the Remuneration 
Committee discretion to revise performance conditions to adjust for the impact of group restructurings and reorganisations on 
incentive outcomes. The impact of any revisions to original vesting estimates or performance conditions is recognised in the Income 
Statement with a corresponding adjustment to equity. 

Social security contributions payable in connection with share options granted are considered to be an integral part of the grant 
and are, therefore, treated as cash-settled transactions. Cash-settled share-based payments transactions are measured at fair 
value at the settlement date, with changes in fair value recognised directly in equity in retained earnings. 

When options are exercised, the Company issues new shares. These shares are gifted to the Employee Benefit Trust by the 
Company at nominal value. The cost of these shares is recognised as a reduction to equity in the own shares reserve. When the 
options are exercised and the shares transferred to the employees, the cost on the own shares reserve is transferred to equity. 

When options issued by the Employee Benefit Trust are exercised the own shares reserve is reduced and a gain or loss is 
recognised in the reserves based on proceeds less weighted-average cost of shares initially purchased now exercised. 

Where shares options are forfeited, effective from the date of the forfeiture, any share-based payment charge previously recognised 
in both the current and prior periods in relation to these options is reversed though the Income Statement with a corresponding 
adjustment to equity.  

The cost of awards granted to employees of the Company’s subsidiaries is recognised as an addition to the cost of its investment 
in the employing subsidiary, with a corresponding increase in the Share-Based Payments Reserve in the Statement of Changes 
in Equity.  

Employee benefit trust 

The Marshall Motor Holdings Employee Benefit Trust (the Trust) was established in the context of the share-based compensation 
plans operated by the Group. The Trust is registered in Jersey and was formed on 30 June 2015. 

The Trust is treated as an extension of the Company (the sponsoring entity of the employee share option plans); therefore, the 
assets and liabilities of the Trust are included in the Company Balance Sheet. The Company Balance Sheet includes all shares in 
the Company held by the Trust. These shares are disclosed in the Own Shares Reserve as a deduction from equity. 

Pensions 

The Company participates in a defined contribution scheme for its employees.  Contributions are charged to the Income Statement 
as they become payable in accordance with the rules of the scheme. 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Company Financial Statements

3. Accounting policies (continued) 

Dividend distribution 

Final dividends to the Company’s shareholders are recognised as a liability in the financial statements in the period in which the 
dividends are approved by the Company’s shareholders. Interim dividends are recognised when they are paid. 

Dividend income 

Income is recognised when the Company’s right to receive the payment is established, which is generally when shareholders 
approve the dividend. All of the Company’s income is generated in the UK. 

4. Auditor’s remuneration 

The auditor’s remuneration for audit and other services was £3,000 (2019: £3,000). 

5. Employees and directors 

Employee costs for the Company during the year:  

Wages and salaries

Social security costs

Other pension costs

Share based payments

Management

2020
£’000

1,431 

338 

81 

315 

2019 
£’000 

2,458  

377  

113  

672  

2,165 

3,620  

2020
No.

3 

3 

2019 
No. 

3  

3  

Employee costs stated above exclude grant income received under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, as none was received 
for these employees. 

Details  of  the  remuneration  of  the  Directors,  their  share  incentives  and  pension  entitlements  are  set  out  in  the  Directors’ 
Remuneration Report on pages 86 to 89. 

6.

Investments in subsidiaries 

Cost

At 1 January 2020

Share-based payment awards to employees of subsidiaries

Impairment

At 31 December 2020

2020 
£’000 

156,622  

374  

(2,307) 

154,689  

Impairment reviews are undertaken annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying 
amount may not be recoverable and a potential impairment may be required. Impairment reviews have been performed for all 
investments  in  subsidiaries  for  the  years  ended  31  December  2020  and  2019.  Impairment  charges  are  recorded  within 
administrative expenses in the Income Statement. 

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Company Financial Statements 

6.

Investments in subsidiaries (continued) 

As at 31 December 2020, the Company recorded impairment charges totalling £2,307,000 in relation to two of the investments in 
subsidiaries. One impairment resulted due to the cessation of the trade of Marshall of Stevenage Limited during the year following 
the closure of the franchise dealership operated by this subsidiary. The other impairment arose due to a deterioration in assumptions 
around future profitability and growth rates within the business activities of the subsidiary entity in which the investment is held. 

As at 31 December 2019, the Company had recorded impairment charges totalling £5,716,000. The impairments recorded arose 
following an improvement in processes to allocate central income and expenses to relevant statutory entities, consistent with the 
allocation to CGUs in the consolidated financial statements. 

The Company owns directly or indirectly the whole of the issued and fully paid ordinary share capital of the following subsidiary 
undertakings. All subsidiaries are incorporated in England and Wales and are 100% owned except where referenced. 

The registered office for all subsidiary companies listed above is Airport House, The Airport, Cambridge, CB5 8RY, United Kingdom. 
All subsidiaries listed below are included within the consolidated financial statements on pages 99 to 159. 

Name of  Undertaking
Marshall Motor Group Limited^
Marshall of Cambridge (Garage Properties) Limited*^ (reg no. 02051459) 
Tim Brinton Cars Limited*^ (reg no. 01041301)
Marshall of Ipswich Limited*^ (reg no. 04447940)
Marshall of Peterborough Limited*^ (reg no. 04861074)
S.G. Smith Holdings Limited^ 
S.G. Smith Automotive Limited* (reg no. 00622112)
S.G. Smith (Motors) Limited 
S.G. Smith (Motors) Beckenham Limited* (reg no. 00648395)
S.G. Smith (Motors) Forest Hill Limited* (reg no. 00581710)
S.G. Smith (Motors) Crown Point Limited* (reg no. 00581711)
S.G. Smith (Motors) Sydenham Limited
S.G. Smith (Motors) Croydon Limited
S.G. Smith Trade Parts Limited* (reg no. 01794317)
Prep-Point Limited* (reg no. 00660067)
Marshall of Stevenage Limited*^ (reg no. 06450140)
Marshall Commercial Vehicles Limited
Marshall North West Limited*^ (reg no. 00322817)
Marshall of Scunthorpe Limited*^ (reg no. 01174004)
Silver Street Automotive Limited*^ (reg no. 00716748) 
Exeter Trade Parts Specialists LLP* (reg no. OC329331)
Audi South West Limited
Hanjo Russell Limited
CMG 2007 Limited^
Astle Limited* (reg no. 01114983)
Crystal Motor Group Limited* (reg no. 04813767)
Ridgeway Garages (Newbury) Limited^
Pentagon Limited* (reg no. 01862751)
Pentagon South West Limited
Ridgeway TPS Limited* (reg no. 06112651)
Ridgeway Bavarian Limited* (reg no. 07930214)
Wood in Hampshire Limited
Wood of Salisbury Limited

Principal activity  
at year end 
Franchised motor dealership 
Property holding 
Property holding 
Franchised motor dealership 
Franchised motor dealership 
Dormant 
Holding company 
Dormant 
Franchised motor dealership 
Franchised motor dealership 
Franchised motor dealership 
Dormant  
Dormant 
Motor parts sales 
Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles 
Franchised motor dealership 
Dormant 
Franchised motor dealership 
Franchised motor dealership 
Franchised motor dealership 
Motor parts sales 
Dormant 
Dormant 
Dormant 
Franchised motor dealership 
Franchised motor dealership 
Franchised motor dealership 
Franchised motor dealership 
Dormant 
Motor parts sales 
Franchised motor dealership 
Dormant 
Dormant 

* subsidiaries  for  which  exemption  from  audit  by  virtue  of   s479A  of   the  Companies  Act  2006  has  been  taken  for  the  year  ended 

31 December 2020 

^ direct subsidiary of  Marshall Motor Holdings plc 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Company Financial Statements 

7. Debtors 

Trade debtors

Amounts owed by Group undertakings

Other debtors

VAT

Corporation tax

Prepayments

Deferred tax asset (note 8)

2020
£’000

2 

4,356 

24 

24 

281 

754 

1 

2019 
£’000 

-  

5,025  

28  

-  

-  

-  

7  

5,442 

5,060  

During the year ended 31 December 2020, the Group has not made any provision for doubtful debts relating to amounts owed to 
related parties (2019: £nil). 

Amounts owed by group undertakings are unsecured, bear no interest and have no fixed repayment date. 

8. Deferred tax assets  

The analysis and movements in deferred tax assets during the year are as follows: 

At 1 January 2019

Charged to the income statement - current year

At 31 December 2019

Charged to the income statement - current year

At 31 December 2020

Temporary 
differences 
£’000 

13 

(6) 

7 

(6) 

1  

The Directors believe that all dividends paid by the Company’s subsidiaries will meet the exemption conditions set out in tax 
legislation and are, therefore, non-taxable income. 

9. Creditors: amounts falling due within one year 

Bank loans

Bank overdraft

Trade creditors

Amounts owed to Group undertakings

Corporation tax

Other taxes and social security

Other creditors

Accruals and deferred income

2020
£’000

- 

5,033 

703 

45,022 

- 

71 

30 

971 

51,830 

2019 
£’000 

25,000  

-  

743  

24,792  

1,848  

63  

42  

1,855  

54,343  

Amounts owed to group undertakings are unsecured, bear no interest and have no fixed repayment date. 

Details of loans and borrowings can be found in Note 23 ‘Loans and Borrowings’ of the consolidated financial statements.  

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

10.  Called-up share capital  

78,232,237 (2019: 78,232,237) ordinary shares of 64p each

Ordinary shares

At 1 January

Issued on 2 April 2019 

Issued on 23 December 2019 

2020
£’000

50,068 

2020
£’000

50,068 

- 

- 

2019 
£’000 

50,068 

2019 
£’000 

49,834  

196  

38  

50,068 

50,068  

On 2 April 2019 306,795 ordinary shares of 64p each were issued as part of the exercise of share options awarded under the IPO 
Performance share option scheme. 

On 23 December 2019 59,789 ordinary shares of 64 each were issued as part of the exercise of share options awarded under the 
2016 Performance share option scheme. 

11.  Share-based payments 

The Company operates a share-based payment scheme; having adopted the disclosure exemptions permitted by FRS 102, full 
details of the scheme are included in Note 29 ‘Share-Based Payments’ of the consolidated financial statements and are not 
duplicated here. 

The share-based payment expense recognised by the Company is calculated by reference to the number of options awarded to 
the employees of the Company. 

12. Dividends 

Paid during the year

Final dividend for 2018

Interim dividend for 2019

Final dividend for 2019

Interim dividend for 2020

2020
£’000

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2019 
£’000 

4,995  

2,228  

- 

- 

7,223  

In light of the circumstances resulting from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the previously proposed final dividend of 5.69p per 
share for the year ended 31 December 2019 was cancelled.  

The  Group  similarly  suspended  the  payment  of  an  interim  dividend  in  respect  of  the  year  ended  31  December  2020. 
(2019: An interim dividend of £2,228,000, representing a payment of 2.85p per ordinary share in issue at that time, was paid in 
September 2019.) 

The Board is mindful of the importance of dividends to its shareholders and intends to resume the payment of dividends as soon 
as conditions allow. 

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

13. Pensions 

As described in Note 3 ‘Accounting Policies’, the Company participates in a pension scheme for the benefits of its employees 
which is a defined contribution scheme.  The scheme is funded by the payment of contributions to a trustee administered fund 
which is kept independently from the assets of the participating employers. 

The total pension cost for the year was £81,000 (2019: £113,000). 

The total unpaid pension contributions outstanding at the year end were £7,000 (2019: £7,000). 

14. Related party transactions 

Company transactions with subsidiaries 

The Company has taken advantage of exemption, under the terms of Section 33 of FRS 102, not to disclose related party 
transactions with subsidiaries within the Group. 

Transactions with Directors  

Details of transactions with Directors are included in Note 31 ‘Related Party Transactions’ of the consolidated financial statements. 

15. Ultimate parent company 

The parent undertaking of the largest group of undertakings for which group financial statements are drawn up and of which the 
Company is a member is Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) Limited. This is, therefore, considered to be the ultimate parent 
company. 

Copies of the group financial statements for Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) Limited can be obtained from Airport House, The 
Airport, Cambridge CB5 8RY.

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SHAREHOLDERS INFORMATION

Appendix – Alternative Performance Measures (APMs)

The Group presents various APMs as the Directors believe that these are useful for users of the financial statements in helping to 
provide a balanced view of, and relevant information on, the Group’s financial performance.  The APMs are measures which 
disclose the adjusted performance of the Group excluding specific items which are regarded as non-recurring.  See Note 7 
‘Non-Underlying Items’ for full details of the nature of items excluded from non-underlying performance measures. 

The following tables show the reconciliation between the Group’s performance as reported in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (IFRS) and the Group’s underlying performance and like-for-like results. 

Underlying operating profit

Total continuing operating profit as reported

Impact of  non-underlying items 

    Post-retirement benefits charge

    Acquisition costs

    Net recognition of restructuring costs

    Profit on disposal of assets classified as held for sale

    (Profit) / loss on disposal of investment property 

    Loss on impairment of goodwill and other tangible assets

    Gain on revaluation of investment properties

Continuing underlying operating profit

Like-for-like revenue

Total continuing revenue as reported

Impact of  non like-for-like activities  

    New dealerships acquired or opened in the year

    Dealerships closed in the year

Continuing like-for-like revenue

Adjusted net debt

Net debt consists of: 

Cash and cash equivalents

Loans and borrowings

Lease liabilities

Closing net debt

Lease liabilities

Adjusted net cash / (debt)

170170

2020
£’000

2019 
£’000 

         30,532 

         29,586  

- 

13

2,070

(1,563)

(148)

218

- 

590

31,122

2020
£’000

23 

835 

2,123 

-  

72 

-  

(610) 

2,443 

32,029 

2019 
£’000 

    2,154,415 

    2,276,129  

(253,859)

(34,186)

(59,281) 

(59,655) 

(288,045)

(118,936) 

1,866,370

2,157,193 

2020
£’000

2019 
£’000 

33,844

(5,024)

(99,344)

(70,524)

(99,344)

28,820

110 

(30,665) 

(108,085) 

(138,640) 

(108,085) 

(30,555) 

 
 
 
 
 
Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Company Information

Registered Office:

Company websites: 

Nominated Adviser and Broker:

Auditor:

Joint Bankers: 

Legal Advisers to the Company: 

Registrar: 

Airport House 
The Airport 
Cambridge  
CB5 8RY 

www.mmhplc.com 
www.marshall.co.uk 

Investec Bank plc 
30 Gresham Street 
London 
EC2V 7QP 

BDO LLP 
Arcadia House 
Maritime Walk – Ocean Village 
Southampton  
SO14 3TL 

Barclays Bank plc 
1 Churchill Place 
London 
E14 5HP 

HSBC Bank plc 
8 Canada Square 
London 
E14 5HQ 

Dentons UKMEA LLP 
One Fleet Place 
London 
EC4M 7WS 

Link Group 
10th Floor 
Central Square 
29 Wellington Street 
Leeds 
LS1 4DL

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Marshall Motor Holdings plc  |  Annual Report & Accounts 2020

Notes

172

Perivan    260577

Marshall Motor Holdings plc | Annual Report & Accounts 2020

22 BRAND PARTNERS 
128 OPERATING UNITS  
28 COUNTIES NATIONWIDE

Volkswagen ID.4

2

Audi 
BMW 
BMW Motorrad 
CUPRA 
Ford 
Ford Vans 
Honda 
Jaguar 
Kia 
Land Rover 
LEVC 
Mercedes-Benz 
Mercedes-Benz Commercials 
MINI 
Nissan 
Peugeot 
Seat 
ŠKODA 
Smart 
Vauxhall 
Vauxhall Vans 
Volkswagen 
Volkswagen Commercials 
Volvo 
Paint & Body Repair Centres 
Trade Parts Specialists 
Used Car Centres 

22 BRAND PARTNERS 
128 OPERATING UNITS  
28 COUNTIES NATIONWIDE

www.mmhplc.com
Marshall Motor Holdings plc 
Airport House, The Airport, Cambridge, CB5 8RY 

© 2021 Marshall Motor Holdings plc

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