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FY2019 Annual Report · VivoPower PLC
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UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C. 20549 

FORM 10-K 

X  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019. 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM ______________ TO__________________ 

Commission File No. 0-14902 

MERIDIAN BIOSCIENCE, INC. 
3471 River Hills Drive 
Cincinnati, Ohio 45244 

IRS Employer ID No. 31-0888197 

State of Incorporation:  Ohio 

 Phone:  (513) 271-3700 

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Title of each class 
Common Shares, No Par Value 

Trading Symbol 
VIVO 

Name of each exchange of which registered 
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC 
(NASDAQ Global Select Market) 

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: 
None 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. 

YES 

NO 

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant 
to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act. 

YES 

NO 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
        
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
 
   
 
  
        
 
 
        
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for 
the past 90 days. 

YES 

NO 

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  has  submitted  electronically  every  Interactive  Data  File  required  to  be 
submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such 
shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). 

YES 

NO 

Indicate by check  mark  whether the registrant is a  large  accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a 
smaller reporting company or emerging growth company.  See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” 
“smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Emerging Growth Company

Accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). 

YES 

NO 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check  mark if the registrant  has elected  not to use the extended transition 
period for complying  with any  new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the 
Exchange Act.  

The aggregate market value of Common Shares held by non-affiliates as of March 31, 2019 was $743,730,984 based on a 
closing sale price of $17.61 per share on March 31, 2019.  As of October 31, 2019, 42,741,721 no par value Common Shares 
were issued and outstanding. 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 

Portions of the Proxy Statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which will be filed within one hundred and 
twenty days of the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019 (2020 Proxy Statement), are incorporated by reference into Part 
III of this report to the extent described herein. 

 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
        
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
        
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MERIDIAN BIOSCIENCE, INC. 
INDEX TO ANNUAL REPORT 
ON FORM 10-K 

Part I 

Page 

Business ............................................................................................................................................................ 4 
Item 1 
Item 1A  Risk Factors..................................................................................................................................................... 11 
Item 1B  Unresolved Staff Comments ........................................................................................................................... 20 
Properties ........................................................................................................................................................ 21 
Item 2 
Item 3  
Legal Proceedings ........................................................................................................................................... 21 
Item 4   Mine Safety Disclosures ................................................................................................................................. 22 

Part II 

Item 5  Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity  

Securities ......................................................................................................................................................... 22 
Item 6 
Selected Financial Data ................................................................................................................................... 24 
Item 7   Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations .......................... 24 
Item 7A  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk ......................................................................... 33 
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data ............................................................................................... 34 
Item 8 
Item 9 
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure .......................... 68 
Item 9A  Controls and Procedures ................................................................................................................................. 68 
Item 9B  Other Information ........................................................................................................................................... 68 

Part III 

Item 10   Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance .............................................................................. 69 
Item 11  Executive Compensation ................................................................................................................................. 69 
Item 12 
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters ........ 69 
Item 13  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence ................................................ 69 
Principal Accountant Fees and Services ......................................................................................................... 69 
Item 14 

Item 15  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules ................................................................................................... 70 
Form 10-K Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 72 
Item 16 

NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 

This  report  includes  estimates,  projections,  statements  relating  to  our  business  plans,  objectives,  and  expected  operating  results  that  are 
“forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 
1933, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking statements may appear throughout this report, including the 
following sections: “Business” (Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-K), “Risk Factors” (Part I, Item 1A of this Form 10-K), and “Management’s 
Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations”  (Part  II,  Item 7  of  this  Form  10-K).  These  forward-looking 
statements  generally  are  identified  by  the  words  “believe,”  “project,”  “expect,”  “anticipate,”  “estimate,”  “intend,”  “strategy,”  “future,” 
“opportunity,” “plan,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “would,” “will be,” “will continue,” “will likely result,” and similar expressions. Forward-
looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to 
differ  materially.  We  describe  risks  and  uncertainties  that  could  cause  actual  results  and  events  to  differ  materially  in  “Risk  Factors,” 
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about 
Market Risk” (Part II, Item 7A of this Form 10-K) and elsewhere in this Form 10-K. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on 
forward-looking  statements,  which  speak  only  as  of  the  date  they  are  made.  We  undertake  no  obligation  to  update  or  revise  publicly  any 
forward-looking statements, whether because of new information, future events, or otherwise. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART I. 

This  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  includes  forward-looking  statements  about  our  business  and  results  of 
operations  that  are  subject  to  risks  and  uncertainties.    See  “Note  About  Forward-Looking  Statements”  above.  
Factors that could cause or contribute to such risks and uncertainties include those discussed in Item 1A. “Risk 
Factors.”  In addition to the risk factors discussed herein, we are also subject to additional risks and uncertainties 
not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial.  If any of these risks and uncertainties develops 
into actual events, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected. 

Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to “Meridian,” “we,” “us,” 
“our,” or “our company” refer to Meridian Bioscience, Inc. and its subsidiaries. 

In the discussion that follows, all dollar amounts and share amounts are in thousands (both tables and text), except 
per share data. 

This Annual Report on Form 10-K refers to trademarks such as Alethia™, Curian™, ImmunoCard®,  ImmunoCard 
STAT!®, LeadCare®, MyTaq™, PediaStat™, PREMIER®, revogene™ and SensiFAST™, which are protected under 
applicable intellectual property laws and are our property.  Solely for convenience, our trademarks and tradenames 
referred to in this Form 10-K may appear  without the  ® or  ™ symbols, but such references are  not intended to 
indicate in any way that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights to these trademarks 
and tradenames.  Our molecular diagnostic test platform formerly known under the tradenames  illumigene and 
illumipro, has been rebranded under the tradename Alethia. References to Alethia throughout this Annual Report 
on Form 10-K refer to our molecular diagnostic tests and instrumentation formerly marketed and sold under the 
illumigene and illumipro brands. 

ITEM 1. 

BUSINESS 

Overview 
Meridian is a fully-integrated life science company with principal businesses in: (i) the development, manufacture, 
sale and distribution of diagnostic test kits, primarily for certain gastrointestinal and respiratory infectious diseases, 
and elevated blood lead levels; and (ii) the manufacture and distribution of bulk antigens, antibodies, PCR/qPCR 
reagents, nucleotides, and bioresearch reagents used by IVD manufacturers and researchers in immunological and 
molecular tests for human, animal, plant and environmental applications.  The Company was incorporated in Ohio 
in 1976.  Our principal corporate offices are located near Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. 

Our website is www.meridianbioscience.com.  We make available our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly 
Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Proxy Statements and any amendments thereto, free of 
charge through this website, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material has been electronically filed with 
or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).  The SEC maintains an internet site containing 
these filings and other information regarding Meridian at www.sec.gov.  The information on our website is not 
and should not be considered part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

Reportable Segments 
Our reportable segments are Diagnostics and Life Science, both of which are headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio.  
Detailed information related to the reportable segments can be found in the following locations within this Annual 
Report on Form 10-K: 

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Type of Segment Information 
Physical locations and activities 

Location within Annual Report on Form 10-K 
Item 2. “Properties” 

Revenue by geographic region 

Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis  
of Financial Condition & Results of Operations”  
(hereafter “MD&A”) 

Financial information 

Note 9 of Consolidated Financial  
Statements 

Diagnostics Segment  

Overview of Products and Markets 
Our largest source of revenues is clinical diagnostic products, with our  Diagnostics segment providing 68% of 
consolidated net revenues for fiscal 2019.  As of September 30, 2019, our Diagnostics segment had approximately 
485 employees in ten countries. 

Our clinical diagnostic products provide accuracy, simplicity and speed; enable early diagnosis and treatment of 
common, acute medical conditions; and provide for better patient outcomes at reduced costs.  We target diagnostics 
for disease states that: (i) are conditions where rapid diagnosis impacts patient outcomes; (ii) have opportunistic 
demographic and disease profiles; (iii) are underserved by current diagnostic products; and/or (iv) have difficult 
sample handling requirements (e.g., stool).  This approach has allowed us to establish meaningful market share in 
our target disease states, gastrointestinal and respiratory illnesses, and tests for elevated lead levels in blood. 

Our  clinical  diagnostic  products  span  a  broad  menu  of  testing  platforms  and  technologies,  and  also  include 
transport media that store and preserve specimen samples from patient collection to laboratory testing.  Our testing 
platforms include: 

(cid:120)  Real-time  PCR  Amplification  (Revogene  brand)  –  high-sensitivity,  fluorescent  molecular  platform 
suitable for automated sample prep and targeted nucleic acid amplification and detection from patient 
specimens. Assay platform can process 1-8 tests per run in about one hour.  Current menu includes four 
FDA-cleared assays.  Simple sample prep, footprint and test turnaround time make the Revogene platform 
suitable for Integrated Delivery Networks (“IDNs”) and hospital systems using a decentralized testing 
approach.  

(cid:120) 

Isothermal DNA Amplification (Alethia brand) – high sensitivity, molecular platform using LAMP 
(loop-mediated isothermal amplification) technology  to process from 1 to 10 tests per run in generally 
under  one  hour;  and  requires  no  batching  of  samples.    Following  the  June  2019  acquisition  of  the 
Revogene brand, efforts are underway to convert existing Alethia customers using C. difficile, Group A 
Streptococcus and Group B Streptococcus assays to the Revogene platform. 

(cid:120)  Lateral Flow Immunoassay (Curian brand) – rapid fluorescence-based immunoassay platform highly 
compatible with detection of infectious agents in human clinical specimens; provides single step sample 
prep methodology with a rapid time-to-result analyzer readout in 20 minutes.  The 510(k) application for 
the  Curian  instrument  and  its  first  assay,  a  stool  antigen  test  for  H.  pylori,  was  submitted  to  FDA  in 
September 2019, and commercial launch of the testing platform is expected in the first half of fiscal 2020. 

(cid:120)  Rapid Immunoassay (ImmunoCard and ImmunoCard STAT! brands) – single-use immunoassays 
that have fast turnaround times (generally  under 20 minutes); and can reduce expensive send-outs for 
hospitals and outpatient clinics. 

(cid:120)  Enzyme-linked Immunoassay (PREMIER brand) – batch immunoassay platform that can process up 

to 96 tests per run; is highly accurate and economical; and is adaptable to automation. 

(cid:120)  Anodic  Stripping  Voltammetry  (LeadCare  and  PediaStat  brands)  –  electrical  chemical  sensor 

platform for quantitative determination of lead levels in blood. 

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Our clinical diagnostic products are comprised of products used principally in the detection of infectious diseases 
caused  by  various  bacteria,  viruses,  parasites  and  pathogens,  along  with  the  CLIA-waived  LeadCare  test  for 
quantitative determination of blood lead levels.  These products are grouped into the following product families:  

Gastrointestinal Assays  
Includes tests for the following, among others:  C. difficile, Enterohemorrhagic E. coli, Campylobacter jejuni 
(Campy), H. pylori, Cryptosporidium, giardia lamblia, and calprotectin. 

Respiratory Illness Assays  
Includes tests for the following, among others:  Group A Streptococcus (strep throat), Influenza, M. 
pneumoniae (Mycoplasma), Bordetella pertussis (whooping cough), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). 

Blood Chemistry Assays 
Tests for elevated lead levels in blood. 

Other Assays 
Includes tests for the following, among others:  Group B Streptococcus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria 
gonorrhea, Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 & Type 2, and Malaria. 

Our  product  portfolio  includes  over  140  diagnostic  tests  and  transport  media,  and  is  marketed  to  acute  care 
hospitals, reference laboratories, outpatient clinics and physician office laboratories in over 70 countries around 
the world.  

Our current research and development pipeline for immunoassay products includes a new instrument that utilizes 
fluorescent chemistry, which improves workflow and test result readability.  As noted above, this new platform is 
being branded under the “Curian” name.  At the end of fiscal 2019, we submitted a 510(k) application to the FDA 
for an HpSA rapid immunoassay test for use with the Curian instrument, which we are expecting to introduce to 
the market during the second quarter of fiscal 2020.  We expect to develop additional rapid immunoassay tests for 
use with the Curian instrument in 2020 and beyond.    

Our current research and development pipeline for molecular assays to be run on our Revogene platform includes, 
among  others,  a  gastrointestinal  (“GI”)  panel  and  a  respiratory  illness  (“RI”)  panel.    We  expect  the  510(k) 
applications for the GI and RI panels to be submitted to the FDA in the latter part of fiscal 2020 and first half of 
fiscal 2021, respectively. 

Market Trends 
The  global  market  for  infectious  disease  tests  continues  to  expand  as  new  disease  states  are  identified,  new 
therapies  become  available,  and  worldwide  standards  of  living  and  access  to  health  care  improve.    More 
importantly, within this market, there is a continuing shift from conventional testing, which requires highly trained 
personnel and lengthy turnaround times for test results, to more technologically advanced testing, which can be 
performed by less highly trained personnel and completed in minutes or hours.  

The growing global pressures to contain total health care costs have accelerated the increased use of diagnostic 
testing.  With rapid and accurate diagnoses of infectious diseases, physicians can pinpoint appropriate therapies 
quickly, leading to faster recovery, shorter hospital stays and lower overall treatment cost.  IDNs in our U.S. market 
have  the  goal  of  increasing  the  efficiency  of  health  care  delivery,  reducing  spending  and  improving  clinical 
outcomes.  We believe our product portfolio positions us competitively with IDNs and health care systems that 
are transitioning from fee-for-service compensation models to value-based reimbursement.  Our C. difficile, Group 
B  Streptococcus,  Group  A  Streptococcus  and  H.  pylori  products  are  all  examples  of  how  a  highly  accurate 
diagnostic test on the front end can mitigate or reduce down-stream costs of antibiotic use, symptom-relieving 
drugs and hospital stays.  

We  also  continue  to  see  aggregation  of  buying  power  in  our  U.S.  market  via  multi-hospital  group  purchasing 
organizations and IDNs, consolidation among reference laboratories, hospital laboratories being operated by large 
reference laboratories, and acquisition of physician practices by hospitals, health systems and for-profit specialty 
health care companies. 

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Cost containment pressures have also affected health care systems outside the U.S., particularly in Europe, where 
the health care systems are generally government-run.  The level of government budget deficits can have an 
adverse effect on the amount of government health care spend. 

Sales, Marketing and Distribution 
Our  Diagnostics  segment’s  sales  and  distribution  network  consists  of  the  following  for  each  of  the  broad 
geographic regions we serve:   

Americas 
In  the  Americas,  our  sales  and  distribution  network  consists  of  a  direct  sales  force  complemented  by 
independent distributors.  The use of independent distributors allows our products to reach any size health 
care facility and also provides our customers the option to purchase our products directly from Meridian 
or  through  an  authorized  distributor.    Two  independent  distributors  accounted  for  10%  or  more  of 
consolidated revenues in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017: Cardinal Health 200 LLC (“Cardinal”) and Fisher 
Scientific  LLC  (“Fisher”).    Our  Diagnostics  segment  revenues  from  Cardinal  were  approximately 
$18,000, $21,000 and $22,000 during fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  Our Diagnostics segment 
revenues from Fisher were approximately $17,000, $22,000 and $18,000 during fiscal 2019, 2018 and 
2017, respectively. 

EMEA 
In Europe, the Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”), our sales and distribution network consists of direct 
sales personnel in Belgium, France and Italy, and independent distributors in other European countries, 
Africa and the Middle East.  We maintain a distribution center near Milan, Italy.   

ROW 
We generally utilize independent distributors throughout the rest of the world (“ROW”).   

Competition 
Our major competitors in molecular diagnostics are Cepheid (a Danaher business) and Becton Dickinson, both of 
which have systems with multiple-assay menus.  We also face competition in molecular diagnostics, but to a lesser 
degree, from companies such as Abbott (former Alere business) and Quidel.   

Our major competitors in rapid immunoassay diagnostics are primarily Abbott (former Alere business) and Quidel.  
In recent years, companies such as bioMerieux have captured market share in our gastrointestinal category via its 
BioFire multi-plex panel tests.  However, since their introduction to the market, payors have raised concerns over 
reimbursement levels relative to clinical utility, particularly for panels with 12 or more targets.  For blood lead 
testing, we believe we have the only FDA-cleared, CLIA-waived point-of-care test available commercially.  Other 
blood  lead  testing  systems  in  use,  marketed  by  our  competitors,  include  Graphite  Furnace  Atomic  Absorption 
Spectroscopy, which requires a highly-skilled technician and larger laboratory space to operate, in addition to not 
being  portable  or  suitable  for  point-of-care  use.    We  believe  that  with  the  breadth  and  depth  of  our  product 
portfolio, we are well positioned for the clinical laboratory. 

Research and Development 
Our  Diagnostics  segment’s  research  and  development  personnel  are  organized  into  three  pre-clinical  teams:  
immunoassay, PCR-based molecular and blood-chemistry.  We have a separate team responsible for execution of 
clinical  trials.    Our  research  and  development  activities  are  focused  on  new  product  and  new  technology 
development, new applications for our existing technologies, and improvements to existing products, including 
assay-menu  expansion  across  our  Curian,  Revogene  and  PediaStat  instrument  platforms.    Research  and 
development efforts may occur in-house or with collaborative partners.  We believe that new product development 
is a key source for sustaining revenue growth.  The products within our Revogene and Alethia molecular platforms, 
H. pylori product family and blood lead testing family were developed solely in-house, or substantially so.  See 
“Operating Expenses” section within MD&A on page 28. 

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Manufacturing 
Our immunoassay and molecular assay products require the production of highly specialized reagents, primers and 
enzymes.  We produce the vast majority of our own immunoassay requirements.  Reagents, primers and enzymes 
for  our  Revogene  molecular  assay  products,  as  well  as  primers  for  our  Alethia  molecular  assay  products,  are 
purchased from outside vendors.  Our blood lead testing products require the production of electrical chemical 
sensors, which we manufacture using critical raw materials purchased from outside vendors.  We believe that we 
have sufficient manufacturing and sourcing capacity for anticipated growth over the next several years, taking into 
consideration that we have the ability to add labor shifts and/or production lines as needed. 

Intellectual Property, Patents and Licenses 
We own or license U.S. and foreign patents, most of which are for select products manufactured by our Diagnostics 
segment.  These patents are used in our manufacturing processes for select products (e.g., method patents) or may 
relate to the design of the test device technology format (e.g., design patents).  In the absence of patent protection, 
we may be vulnerable to competitors who successfully replicate our production and manufacturing technologies 
and  processes.    Our  employees  are  required  to  sign  confidentiality  and  non-disclosure  agreements  designed  to 
protect our proprietary products. 

The patents for our Alethia products, which represented 13%, 16% and 17% of consolidated revenues for fiscal 
2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, are licensed from a third party, Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd., under a non-exclusive 
license agreement and expire between 2020 and 2022.  These patents were issued in the U.S., European Union and 
other countries.  The term of our license agreement runs until the last patent expires in 2022, at which point we 
will be free to practice the patents without any restriction or royalty obligation. 

The patents for the Revogene platform and related products acquired as part of the GenePOC business are either 
wholly owned or licensed from a third party, Laval University and The Regents of California, under an exclusive 
license agreement.  These patents are issued in the U.S., European  Union and other countries. The term of our 
license agreement runs until 2036, after which we will be free to practice the patents without any restriction or 
royalty obligation.  For a description of our acquisition of the GenePOC business, see Note 2 of the accompanying 
Consolidated Financial Statements. 

The patents for our H. pylori products, owned by us and which represented  approximately 16%, 16% and 15% of 
consolidated revenues for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, expired in May 2016 in the U.S. and in May 
2017 in countries outside the U.S.  We expect competition with respect to our H. pylori products to continue to 
increase, and such competition may have an adverse impact on our selling prices for these products, or our ability 
to retain business at prices acceptable to us, and consequently, adversely affect our future results of operations and 
liquidity, including revenues and gross profit. We have executed on a number of measures to address competitive 
pressures in coming off patent.  In October 2018, we entered into a strategic collaboration with DiaSorin to sell H. 
pylori tests, one of only three other companies that market FDA-cleared tests to detect H. pylori antigen in stool 
samples  in  the  U.S.  market.    We  have  executed  multi-year  supply  agreements  with  our  two  largest  reference 
laboratory customers for H. pylori tests to secure volume, albeit at lower selling prices.  In the first half of fiscal 
2020,  we  expect  to  launch  Curian  HpSA,  our  first  assay  on  the  new  Curian  platform,  for  which  the  510(k) 
application was submitted to the FDA in September 2019.  We expect that this product will help us protect existing 
rapid assay accounts using the advantages of the Curian analyzer.  However, we are unable to provide assurances 
that we will be successful with any strategy or that any strategy will prevent an adverse effect on our future results 
of operations and liquidity, including revenues and gross profit.     

Government Regulation 
Our diagnostic products are regulated by the FDA as “devices” pursuant to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic 
Act (“FDCA”).  Under the FDCA, medical devices are classified into one of three classes (i.e., Class I, II or III).  
Class I and II devices are not expressly approved by the FDA, but, instead, are “cleared” for marketing.  Class III 
devices  generally  must  receive  “pre-market  approval”  from  the  FDA  as  to  safety  and  effectiveness.    Our 
diagnostics manufacturing facilities in Cincinnati and Billerica are subject to periodic inspection by the FDA.  See 
page 25 within MD&A for discussion regarding the FDA’s inspection of our Billerica facility. 

Each of the diagnostic products currently marketed by us in the United States has been cleared by the FDA pursuant 
to the 510(k) clearance process or is exempt from such requirements.  We believe that most, but not all, products 

- 8 - 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
under development will be classified as Class I or II medical devices and, in the case of most of our Class I and all 
Class II devices, will be eligible for 510(k) clearance; however, we can make no assurances in this regard.    

Sales of our diagnostic products in foreign countries are subject to foreign government regulation, which is similar 
to that of the FDA. 

Our Diagnostics facilities are certified to ISO 13485:2016. 

Seasonal Factors and Sporadic Outbreaks 
Our principal business is the sale of a broad range of clinical diagnostic test kits for common gastrointestinal and 
respiratory infectious diseases, and elevated blood lead levels.  Certain  infectious diseases  may be  seasonal in 
nature, while others may be associated with sporadic outbreaks, such as foodborne illnesses or pandemics such as 
an influenza outbreak.  While  we believe  that the  breadth  of our diagnostic product lines reduces the risk that 
infections subject to seasonality and sporadic outbreaks will cause significant variability in diagnostic revenues, 
we can make no assurance that revenues will not be impacted period over period by such factors. 

Life Science Segment 

Overview of Products and Markets 
Our  Life  Science  segment  focuses  on  the  development,  manufacture,  sale  and  distribution  of  bulk  antigens, 
antibodies, PCR/qPCR reagents, nucleotides, and bioresearch reagents used by researchers, agri-bio companies 
and IVD manufacturing companies.  As of September 30, 2019, our Life Science segment had approximately 175 
employees in six countries.  

Most of the revenues for our Life Science segment currently come from the manufacture, sale and distribution of 
bulk antigens, antibodies, PCR/qPCR reagents, nucleotides, and bioresearch reagents used by IVD manufacturing 
companies focused on the development of immunoassay and molecular assay tests.  Approximately 80% of Life 
Science revenues are generated from the industrial market, defined as IVD manufacturers.  This continues to be 
an  increasing  focus  for  our  molecular  reagent  products,  which  historically  have  been  marketed  to  the 
academic/research customers that comprise the remaining 20% of Life Science revenues.  We utilize direct sales 
teams in key countries such as the U.S., the  U.K., France, Germany, and Australia.  In order to further pursue 
revenue opportunities in Asia, and China in particular, during fiscal 2017 we established a wholly foreign owned 
enterprise (“WFOE”) location in Beijing, China, after having operated a representative office there since fiscal 
2015.  The WFOE employs a business development staff and imports product for sale to customers in China.  We 
utilize a network of distributors in other major countries.  During fiscal 2019, 24% of third-party revenues for this 
segment were from two IVD manufacturing customers.   

Our Life Science products are marketed to IVD manufacturing customers as a source of raw materials for their 
immunoassay  products,  or  as  an  outsourced  step  in  their  manufacturing  processes.    For  example,  we  supply  a 
number of major IVD manufacturers with proteins used to detect hepatitis A virus and rubella virus.  Sales efforts 
are focused on multi-year supply arrangements in order to provide stability in volumes and pricing.  We believe 
this benefits both us and our customers. 

We utilize independent distributors to market molecular biology products to academic/research customers. These 
products are used in measuring DNA and RNA in human, animal, plant and environmental applications.  These 
reagents  improve  the  purity,  yield  and  speed  of  PCR  reactions.    Products  such  as  MyTaq  and  SensiFAST  are 
examples of this type of PCR/qPCR reagent. 

Market Trends 
As certain global markets become increasingly accessible to us, most notably the Asia-Pacific region, geographic 
expansion continues to be a significant strategy for our Life Science segment, along with further penetration into 
industrial markets with our molecular biology products. 

Competition 
The  market for bulk biomedical reagents is highly competitive.  Important competitive factors include product 
quality,  price,  customer  service  and  reputation.    We  face  competitors,  many  of  which  have  greater  financial, 

- 9 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
research  and  development,  sales  and  marketing,  and  manufacturing  resources,  and  where  sole-source  supply 
arrangements do not exist.  Customers also may choose to manufacture their biomedical reagents in-house rather 
than purchase from outside vendors such as Meridian. 

The academic/research market is highly fragmented.   Individual purchases are typically of small quantities.  The 
breadth of product offerings, quality, price and service, including on-line capabilities and technical resources, are 
important factors to building customer loyalty and repeat purchases. 

Research and Development 
The  focus  of  research  and  development  activities  for  the  Life  Science  segment  is  targeted  around  improving 
reagents,  particularly  molecular  reagents.    For  example,  our  Life  Science  segment  introduced  a  family  of 
lyophilization-ready reagents that have a number of advantages over prior generation “wet” reagents (e.g., room-
temperature shipping and storage and longer shelf-life).  See “Operating Expenses” section within MD&A on page 
28. 

Manufacturing and Government Regulation 
Our  Life  Science  facilities  are  ISO  13485:2016  certified.    Additionally,  where  appropriate,  our  Life  Science 
facilities comply with Regulation EC 1069:2009. 

Acquisitions 
Acquisitions have played an important role in the growth of our businesses.  Our acquisition objectives include, 
among other things: (i) enhancing product offerings; (ii) improving product distribution capabilities; (iii) providing 
access  to  new  markets;  and/or  (iv)  providing  access  to  key  biologicals  or  new  technologies  that  lead  to  new 
products.  Although we cannot provide assurance that we will consummate additional acquisitions in the future, 
nor can we provide assurance that any acquisitions will accomplish these objectives, we expect that the potential 
for acquisitions will continue to provide opportunities for revenue and earnings growth in the future. 

During  June  2019,  we  acquired  the  business  of  GenePOC  Inc.  (“GenePOC”).    A  description  of  the  GenePOC 
acquisition appears in Note 2 of the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements.   

International Markets 
International markets are an important source of revenues and future growth opportunities for both of our segments.  
For both segments combined, revenues from customers located outside of the United States approximated $76,000 
or 38% of consolidated fiscal 2019 revenues, $73,000 or 34% of consolidated fiscal 2018 revenues, and $67,000 
or 33% of consolidated fiscal 2017 revenues.  We expect to continue to look to key European markets as a source 
of  revenue  growth  in  the  future  for  both  business  units.    For  the  Life  Science  segment,  we  have  also  focused 
resources on IVD manufacturing customers in China.  To date, we have not experienced any adverse effects from 
the trade tensions between the United States and China, but we cannot be sure that we will not experience any 
adverse effects in the future.   

Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates since fiscal 2018 had an approximate $2,200 unfavorable impact 
on fiscal 2019 revenues; $1,150 within the Diagnostics segment and $1,050 within the Life Science segment.  This 
compares to year-to-year currency exchange rates having an approximate $2,200 favorable impact on revenues in 
fiscal 2018; $1,400 within the Diagnostics segment and $800 within the Life Science segment.  Due to natural 
hedge relationships with expenses, both cost of sales and operating expenses, the overall impact of exchange rate 
fluctuations on operating income was not significant during fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017. 

Environmental 
We are in compliance with applicable portions of the federal and state hazardous waste regulations and have never 
been a party to any environmental proceeding. 

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ITEM 1A. 

RISK FACTORS 

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the following factors, 
which could materially affect our business, financial condition, cash  flows or future results.  Any one of these 
factors could cause our actual results to vary materially from recent results or from anticipated future results.  The 
risks described below are not the only risks facing our company.  Additional risks and uncertainties not currently 
known  to  us,  or  that  we  currently  deem  to  be  immaterial,  also  may  materially  adversely  affect  our  business, 
financial condition and/or operating results. 

Risks Affecting Growth and Profitability of our Business  

We may be unable to develop new products and services or acquire products and services on favorable terms.  
The medical diagnostic and life science industries are characterized by ongoing technological developments and 
changing customer requirements. As such, our results of operations and continued growth depend, in part, on our 
ability  in  a  timely  manner  to  develop  or  acquire  rights  to,  and  successfully  introduce  into  the  marketplace, 
enhancements  of  existing  products  and  services,  or  new  products  and  services  that  incorporate  technological 
advances,  meet  customer  requirements  and/or  respond  to  products  developed  by  our  competition.  We  cannot 
provide any assurance that we will be successful in developing or acquiring such rights to products and services 
on a timely basis, or that such products and services will adequately address the changing needs of the marketplace, 
either of which could adversely affect our results of operations.  

In addition, we must regularly allocate considerable resources to research and development of  new or acquired 
products, services and technologies, and protecting intellectual property.  The research and development process 
generally takes a significant amount of time from research to product launch.  This process is conducted in various 
stages.  During each stage, there is a risk that we will not achieve our goals on a timely basis, or at all, and we may 
have to abandon a product in which we have invested substantial resources, any of which could adversely affect 
our results of operations. 

We may be unable to successfully integrate operations or to achieve expected cost savings from acquisitions we 
make.  
One of our growth strategies is the acquisition of companies and/or products. Although additional acquisitions of 
companies and products may enhance the opportunity to increase net earnings over time, such acquisitions could 
result  in  greater  administrative  burdens,  increased  exposure  to  the  uncertainties  inherent  in  marketing  new 
products, financial risks of additional operating costs, disrupted operations, challenges in employee retention, and 
increased risk of asset impairments if future revenues and cash flows are deficient. The principal benefits expected 
to result from any acquisitions we make will not be achieved fully unless we are able to successfully integrate the 
operations  of  the  acquired  entities  with  our  operations  and  realize  the  anticipated  synergies,  cost  savings  and 
growth opportunities from integrating these businesses into our existing businesses. We cannot provide assurance 
that we will be able to identify and complete additional acquisitions on terms we consider favorable or that, if 
completed, will be successfully integrated into our operations.  Furthermore, we cannot predict the outcome of 
goodwill impairment testing and the impact of goodwill impairments on the Company’s earnings and financial 
results.  

Revenues for our Diagnostics segment may be impacted by our reliance upon two key distributors in North 
America, seasonal factors and sporadic outbreaks, and changing diagnostic market conditions.  

Key Distributors 
Our Diagnostics segment’s revenues from sales through two U.S. distributors were approximately 26% and 29% 
of the Diagnostics segment’s total revenues for fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively, or approximately 18% 
and 20%, respectively, of each fiscal year’s consolidated revenues.  These parties distribute our products and other 
laboratory products to end-user customers. The loss of either of these distributors could negatively impact our 
revenues and results of operations unless suitable alternatives were timely found or lost sales to one distributor 
were absorbed by another distributor.  Finding a suitable alternative on satisfactory terms may pose challenges in 
our industry’s competitive environment.  As an alternative, we could expand our efforts to distribute and market 

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our  products  directly.    This  alternative,  however,  would  require  substantial  investment  in  additional  sales, 
marketing and logistics resources, including hiring additional sales and customer service personnel, which would 
significantly increase our future selling, general and administrative expenses. 

In addition, buying patterns of these two distributors may fluctuate from quarter to quarter, potentially leading to 
uneven concentration levels on a quarterly basis.   

Seasonal Factors and Sporadic Outbreaks 
Our  principal  business  is  the  sale  of  a  broad  range  of  diagnostic  test  kits  for  common  gastrointestinal  and 
respiratory infectious diseases, and elevated blood lead levels.  Certain  infectious diseases  may be  seasonal in 
nature, while others may be associated with sporadic outbreaks, such as foodborne illnesses or pandemics such as 
an influenza outbreak.  While  we believe  that the  breadth  of our diagnostic product lines reduces the risk that 
infections subject to seasonality and sporadic outbreaks will cause significant variability in diagnostic revenues, 
we can make no assurance that revenues will not be negatively impacted period over period by such factors. 

Changing Diagnostic Market Conditions  
Changes  in  the  U.S.  health  care  delivery  system  have  resulted  in  consolidation  among  reference  laboratories, 
hospital laboratories being operated by large reference laboratories, and the formation of multi-hospital alliances, 
reducing the number of institutional customers for diagnostic test products.  Consolidation in the U.S. health care 
industry has also led to the creation of group purchasing organizations (“GPOs”) and IDNs that aggregate buying 
power for hospital groups and put pressure on our selling prices.  Due to such consolidation, we may not be able 
to  enter  into  and/or  sustain  contractual  or  other  marketing  or  distribution  arrangements  on  a  satisfactory 
commercial basis  with institutional customers, GPOs and/or IDNs,  which could adversely affect our results of 
operations. 

We could be adversely affected by health care reform legislation. 
Third-party  payers  for  medical  products  and  services,  including  state,  federal  and  foreign  governments,  are 
increasingly  concerned  about  escalating  health  care  costs  and  can  indirectly  affect  the  pricing  or  the  relative 
attractiveness  of  our  products  by  regulating  the  maximum  amount  of  reimbursement  they  will  provide  for 
diagnostic testing  services.   Following  years of increasing  pressure, during 2010 the U.S. government enacted 
comprehensive  health  care  reform  with  the  enactment  of  the  Patient  Protection  and  Affordable  Care  Act,  as 
amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, which made changes that significantly impact the 
pharmaceutical and medical device industries.  The Protecting Access to Medicare Act of 2014 requires applicable 
laboratories to report all private payor reimbursement rates and the volumes for each test they perform. The statute 
requires  that  Medicare  establish  reimbursement  rates  based  on  the  weighted  median  of  private  insurance 
reimbursement rates effective January 1, 2017. The new Medicare rates would be subject to a maximum reduction 
of 10% a year for the initial three year period and a maximum of 15% a year for the subsequent three year period. 
There is no limit on the amount of potential rate increases. As a result, some of our customers in the United States 
may experience lower Medicare reimbursement rates for our products, which may adversely affect our business, 
financial  condition  and  results  of  operations.    We  are  seeing  some  effect  on  the  reimbursement  rates  for  our 
products.  If reimbursement amounts for diagnostic testing services decrease further in the future, such decreases 
may reduce the amount that will be reimbursed to hospitals or physicians for such services and consequently, could 
place constraints on the levels of overall pricing, which could have a material effect on our revenues and/or results 
of operations. 

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act includes a medical device excise tax for which a moratorium has 
been in place.  However, this moratorium is scheduled to expire December 31, 2019.  Our Diagnostics segment’s 
products are generally subject to this tax.  We are unable to predict if Congress will extend the current moratorium 
or altogether repeal the tax.  Without Congressional legislative action, the medical device excise tax will return 
effective January 1, 2020. 

Additional state and federal health care reform measures may be adopted in the future, any of which could have a 
material adverse effect on our ability to successfully commercialize our products and on our industry in general. 
For example, the United States government has in the past considered, is currently considering, and may in the 
future consider, health care policies and proposals intended to curb rising health care costs, including those that 
could significantly affect both private and public reimbursement for health care services. Further, state and local 
governments, as well as a number of foreign governments, are also considering or have adopted similar types of 

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policies.  Future  significant  changes  in  the  health  care  system  in  the  United  States  or  elsewhere,  and  current 
uncertainty about whether and how changes may be implemented, could have a negative impact on the demand 
for  our  products.  We  are  unable  to  predict  whether  health  care  policies,  including  policies  stemming  from 
legislation or regulations affecting our business, may be proposed or enacted in the future, what effect such policies 
would have on our business, or the effect that ongoing uncertainty about these matters will have on the purchasing 
decisions of our customers. 

Efforts to reduce the U.S. federal deficit could adversely affect our results of operations.  
As part of the Budget Control Act passed in August 2011 to extend the federal debt limit and reduce government 
spending,  $1.2  trillion  in  automatic  spending  cuts  (known  as  sequestration)  were  implemented  in  2013.    The 
sequestration requires a 2% cut in Medicare payments for all services, including our diagnostic tests, which, due 
to subsequent legislative amendments to the statute, will remain in effect through 2024 unless Congressional action 
is  otherwise  taken.    Government  research  funding  has  also  been  reduced  as  a  result  of  the  sequestration.    On 
January 2, 2013, the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 also was signed into law, which, among other things, 
further reduces Medicare payments to providers such as hospitals, imaging centers and cancer treatment centers, 
and increases the statute of limitations period for the government to recover overpayments to providers from three 
to five years. 

Such reductions in government health care spending or research funding could result in reduced demand for our 
products  or  additional  pricing  pressure.  Further,  there  is  ongoing  uncertainty  regarding  the  federal  budget  and 
federal  spending  levels,  including  the  possible  impacts  of  a  failure  to  increase  the  “debt  ceiling.”  Any  U.S. 
government default on its debt could have broad macroeconomic effects that could, among other things, raise our 
borrowing costs. Any future shutdown of the federal government or failure to enact annual appropriations could 
also have a material adverse impact on our business. 

Revenues for our Life Science segment may be impacted by customer concentrations and buying patterns. 
Our Life Science segment’s revenues from two diagnostic manufacturing  customers were 24% and 18% of the 
Life  Science  segment’s  total  revenues  for  fiscal  2019  and  fiscal  2018,  respectively;  and  8%  and  5%  of  our 
consolidated  revenues  for  fiscal  2019  and  fiscal  2018,  respectively.    Our  Life  Science  segment  has  five  other 
significant customers, which together comprised 11% of the segment’s total revenues for each of fiscal 2019 and 
fiscal 2018.  Any significant alteration of buying patterns from these customers could adversely affect our period 
over period revenues and results of operations. 

Intense competition could adversely affect our profitability.  
The markets for our products and services are characterized by substantial competition and rapid change. Hundreds 
of  companies  around  the  world  supply  diagnostic  tests  and  immunoassay  and  molecular  reagents.    These 
companies range from multinational health care entities, for which diagnostics is one line of business, to small 
start-up companies.  Many of our competitors have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing and 
marketing  resources  than  we  do.    We  cannot  provide  assurance  that  our  products  and  services  will  be  able  to 
compete successfully with the products and services of our competitors.  

We expect to face increased competition resulting from expiration of our H. pylori patents.  
The patents for our H. pylori products, owned by us, expired in May 2016 in the U.S. and in May 2017 in countries 
outside  the  U.S.    We  expect  competition  with  respect  to  our  H.  pylori  products,  high  margin  products  which 
represent approximately 16% of our total revenues, to continue to increase, as we currently are one of only four 
companies that market FDA-cleared tests to detect H. pylori antigen in stool samples in the U.S. market, one of 
which is DiaSorin Inc., with whom we have entered a strategic collaboration agreement to sell H. pylori tests.  At 
present, we are also aware of at least one other company that has commenced clinical trials of H. pylori products 
in the U.S.  Such competition may have an adverse impact on our selling prices for these products, or our ability 
to retain business at prices acceptable to us, and consequently, adversely affect our future results of operations and 
liquidity, including revenues and gross profit. We have executed on a number of measures to address competitive 
pressures in coming off patent.  We have executed multi-year supply agreements with our two largest reference 
laboratory customers for H. pylori tests to secure volume, albeit at lower selling prices.  In the first half of fiscal 
2020, we expect to launch Curian HpSA, our first assay on the new Curian platform for which the 510(k) was 
submitted to the FDA in September 2019.  We expect that this product will help us protect existing rapid assay 
accounts using the advantages of the Curian analyzer.  However, we are unable to provide assurances that we will 

- 13 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
be successful with any strategy or that any strategy will prevent an adverse effect on our future results of operations 
and liquidity, including revenues and gross profit. 

We depend on international revenues, and our financial results may be adversely impacted by foreign 
currency, regulatory or other developments affecting international markets.  
We  sell  products  and  services  into  approximately  70  countries.    For  fiscal  2019,  approximately  20%  of  our 
consolidated  revenues  were  transacted  in  currencies  other  than  the  U.S.  dollar.    We  are  subject  to  the  risks 
associated with fluctuations in the exchange rates for the Australian dollar, British pound, Canadian dollar, Chinese 
yuan  and  Euro.    We  are  also  subject  to  other  risks  associated  with  international  operations,  including  longer 
customer  payment  cycles,  trade  wars,  increased  tariffs,  requirements  for  export  licenses,  instability  of  foreign 
governments, and governmental requirements with respect to the importation and distribution of medical devices 
and immunodiagnostic and molecular biology reagents, all of which may vary by country.  

New tariffs and other trade measures could adversely affect our financial results. 
The current U.S. administration has expressed strong concerns about imports from countries that it perceives as 
engaging  in  unfair  trade  practices,  and  it  is  possible  the  administration  could  impose  import  duties  or  other 
restrictions on products, components or raw materials sourced from those countries, which may include countries 
from which we import components or raw materials. We are currently not aware of any new import duties imposed 
on our products.  Any such new import duties or restrictions could have a material adverse effect on our business, 
results of operations or financial condition. Moreover, these new tariffs, or other changes in U.S. trade policy, 
could  trigger  retaliatory  actions  by  affected  countries.  Certain  foreign  governments  have  instituted  or  are 
considering imposing trade sanctions on certain U.S. goods. 

Other foreign governments are considering the imposition of sanctions that will deny U.S. companies access to 
critical raw materials. A “trade war” of this nature or other governmental actions related to tariffs or international 
trade agreements or policies has the potential to adversely impact demand for our products, our costs, customers, 
manufacturers, suppliers and/or the economic environments in which we operate and, thus may adversely impact 
our businesses. In addition, there may be changes to existing trade agreements, like the North American Free Trade 
Agreement  (“NAFTA”)  and  its  anticipated  successor  agreement,  the  U.S.-Mexico-Canada  Agreement 
(“USMCA”), which is still subject to approval by the United States, Mexico and Canada, greater restrictions on 
free trade generally, and significant increases in tariffs on goods imported into the United States, particularly tariffs 
on  products  manufactured  in  Mexico,  among  other  possible  changes.  It  remains  unclear  what  the  U.S. 
administration  or  foreign  governments  will  or  will  not  do  with  respect  to  tariffs,  NAFTA,  USMCA  or  other 
international  trade  agreements  and  policies.  Any  changes  to  NAFTA  (or  subsequent  trade  agreements)  could 
impact our operations in countries  where  we  manufacture or sell products or source components, or materials, 
which could adversely affect our operating results and our business. 

Risks Affecting our Manufacturing Operations 

We  are  subject  to  comprehensive  regulation,  and  our  ability  to  earn  profits  may  be  restricted  by  these 
regulations.  
Medical device diagnostics is a highly regulated industry. We cannot provide assurance that we will be able to 
obtain  necessary  governmental  clearances  or  approvals,  or  timely  clearances  or  approvals,  to  market  future 
products in the United States and other countries. Costs and difficulties in complying with laws and regulations 
administered by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the U.S. Department 
of Commerce, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency, the Centers for Disease Control, or other regulators can result 
in unanticipated expenses and delays, and interruptions to the sale of new and existing products.  

Regulatory approval can be a lengthy, expensive and uncertain process, making the timing and costs of approvals 
difficult to predict.  Failure to comply with these regulations can result in delays in obtaining authorization to sell 
products, seizure or recall of products, suspension or revocation of authority to manufacture or sell products, and 
other civil or criminal sanctions. 

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If  we  or  our  third-party  vendors  fail  to  comply  with  FDA  regulations  relating  to  the  manufacturing  of  our 
products  or  any  component  part,  we  may  be  subject  to  fines,  injunctions  and  penalties,  and  our  ability  to 
commercially distribute and sell our products may be negatively impacted.  
Our  diagnostics  manufacturing  facilities,  and  the  manufacturing  facilities  of  any  of  our  third-party  diagnostic 
component manufacturers or critical suppliers, are required to comply with the FDA’s Quality System Regulation 
(“QSR”),  which sets forth  minimum standards for the procedures, execution and documentation of the design, 
testing,  production,  control,  quality  assurance,  labeling,  packaging,  sterilization,  storage,  and  shipping  of  the 
products  we  sell,  and  related  regulations,  including  Medical  Device  Reporting  (“MDR”)  regulations  regarding 
reporting  of  certain  malfunctions  and  adverse  events  potentially  associated  with  our  products.  The  FDA  may 
evaluate  our  compliance  with  the  QSR,  MDR  and  other  regulations,  among  other  ways,  through  periodic 
announced or unannounced inspections which could disrupt our operations and interrupt our manufacturing. If in 
conducting an inspection of our manufacturing facilities, or the manufacturing facilities of any of our third-party 
component manufacturers or critical suppliers, an FDA investigator observes conditions or practices believed to 
violate  the  QSR,  the  investigator  may  document  their  observations  on  a  Form  FDA  483  that  is  issued  at  the 
conclusion of the inspection. A manufacturer that receives an FDA 483 may respond in writing and explain any 
corrective actions taken in response to the inspectional observations. The FDA will typically review the facility’s 
written response and  may re-inspect to determine the facility’s compliance  with the QSR and other applicable 
regulatory requirements. Failure to take adequate and timely corrective actions to remedy objectionable conditions 
listed on an FDA 483 could result in the FDA taking administrative or enforcement actions. Among these may be 
the FDA’s issuance of a Warning Letter to a manufacturer, which informs it that the FDA considers the observed 
violations to be of “regulatory significance” that, if not corrected, could result in further enforcement action.  

FDA enforcement actions, which include seizure, injunction, criminal prosecution, and civil penalties, could result 
in total or partial suspension of a facility’s production and/or distribution, product recalls, fines, suspension of the 
FDA’s review of product applications, and/or the FDA’s issuance of adverse publicity. Thus, an adverse inspection 
could force a shutdown of our manufacturing operations or a recall of our products. Adverse inspections could 
also  delay  FDA  approval  of  our  products  and  could  have  an  adverse  effect  on  our  production,  sales  and 
profitability.  

We and any of our third-party vendors may also encounter other problems during manufacturing including failure 
to  follow  specific  protocols  and  procedures,  equipment  malfunction,  and  environmental  factors,  any  of  which 
could delay or impede our ability to meet demand. The manufacture of our product also subjects us to risks that 
could harm our business, including problems relating to our facilities and errors in manufacturing components that 
could negatively affect the efficacy or safety of our products or cause delays in shipment of our products. Any 
interruption or delay in the manufacture of the product, or any of its components could impair our ability to meet 
the demand of our customers and cause them to cancel orders or switch to competitive products, which could, 
therefore, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

On June 29, 2017, the FDA, in connection with its Safety Notification related to Magellan (whom we acquired in 
March 2016) and its lead testing systems for venous blood samples, issued its Form 483, Inspectional Observations, 
to Magellan.  This was followed by the FDA issuing a Warning Letter related to the matter on October 23, 2017.  
During  October  2019,  the  FDA  conducted  a  follow-up  inspection  of  Magellan’s  manufacturing  facility.    In 
connection with this follow-up inspection, the FDA issued five Form 483 observations.  In November 2019, we 
submitted to the FDA our written responses to the five Form 483 observations and have implemented a remediation 
plan that we are actively working.  While we remain committed to strengthening Magellan’s quality system and 
ensuring that all aspects of the system are in full compliance, we can provide no assurance that our  remediation 
efforts will be successful to a degree acceptable by the FDA.   

Additionally, as set forth in Item 3. “Legal Proceedings”, on April 17, 2018, Magellan received a subpoena from 
the  United  States  Department  of  Justice  (“DOJ”)  regarding  its  LeadCare  product  line.    The  subpoena  outlines 
documents to be produced, and we are cooperating with the DOJ in this matter.  We maintain rigorous policies 
and procedures to promote compliance  with applicable regulatory agencies and requirements, and are  working 
with the DOJ to promptly respond to the subpoena, including responding to additional information requests.  We 
have executed tolling agreements to extend the statute of limitations.  We cannot predict when the investigation 
will be resolved, the outcome of the investigation, or its potential impact on Meridian.  

See a more detailed discussion of these matters within MD&A on page 25. 

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Significant  interruptions  in  production  at  our  principal  manufacturing  facilities  and/or  third-party 
manufacturing facilities would adversely affect our business and operating results. 
Products and services manufactured at facilities we own or lease comprised a majority of our revenues.  Our global 
supply of these products and services is dependent on the uninterrupted and efficient operation of these facilities.  
In addition, we currently rely on a small number of third-party manufacturers to produce certain of our diagnostic 
products and product components.  The operations of our facilities or these third-party manufacturing facilities 
could be adversely affected by power failures, or natural or other disasters such as earthquakes, floods, tornadoes 
or terrorist threats.  Although we carry insurance to protect against certain business interruptions at our facilities, 
there  can  be  no  assurance  that  such  coverage  will  be  adequate  or  that  such  coverage  will  continue  to  remain 
available on acceptable terms, if at all.  Any significant interruption in the Company’s or a third-party supplier’s 
manufacturing capabilities could materially and adversely affect our operating results. 

We depend on sole-source suppliers for certain critical raw materials, components and finished products.  A 
supply interruption could adversely affect our business. 

Raw Materials and Components 
Our diagnostic products are made from a wide variety of raw materials that are biological or chemical in nature, 
and  that  generally  are  available  from  multiple  sources  of  supply.  We  sole-source  certain  raw  materials  and 
components, which makes it time consuming and costly to switch raw materials and components in FDA-cleared 
products.  If certain suppliers fail to supply required raw materials or components, we will need to secure other 
sources which may require us to conduct additional development and testing and obtain regulatory approval. These 
activities require significant  time and resources, and there is no assurance that  new  sources  will be secured or 
regulatory approvals, if necessary, will be obtained. 

We  utilize  third-party  manufacturers  for  certain  of  our  instrumentation.    One  third  party  manufactures  our 
proprietary Alethia Incubator/Reader (instrument), a component of our Alethia  molecular system, and  upon its 
commercialization  during  the  first  half  of  fiscal  2020,  an  additional  third  party  will  manufacture  our  Curian 
instrument.  These instruments are manufactured exclusively for Meridian according to our specifications.  While 
other  manufacturers  for  these  types  of  instruments  are  available,  we  source  each  instrument  solely  from  one 
manufacturer to limit the costs involved in clearing the system for marketing in the United States.  If these third-
party manufacturers fail to supply us with instruments, we will need to secure another manufacturer, and it may 
take as long as 12 months to transfer instrument manufacturing.  An  interruption in the manufacturing of these 
instruments could have a material adverse effect on our operating results.  

Additionally, one third party manufactures a certain reagent for use with our Alethia assays.  While alternative 
suppliers exist, we elect to utilize this third party exclusively in order to maintain consistency in our materials, 
which is critical in complying with FDA regulatory requirements.  An interruption in the manufacturing of these 
reagents could have a material adverse effect on our operating results.  

Finished Products 
We outsource the manufacturing for certain finished diagnostic products to third parties.  A disruption in the supply 
of these finished products could have a material adverse effect on our business until we find another supplier or 
bring manufacturing in-house. 

Four products manufactured exclusively for us by two separate and independent companies accounted for 11% of 
consolidated revenues in each of fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017.  Meridian owns all rights and title to the FDA 510(k) 
clearances for these products. 

Activities  undertaken  by  Meridian  to  reduce  the  risk  of  these  sole-supplier  arrangements  include  maintaining 
adequate  inventory  levels,  supplier  qualification  procedures,  supplier  audits,  site  visits,  and  frequent 
communication. Additionally, we have identified potential alternate suppliers.  

Our ability to meet future customer demand for selected products is dependent upon our ability to successfully 
manage our manufacturing capacity. 
To manage our anticipated future growth effectively, it may become necessary for us to enhance our manufacturing 
and supply chain capabilities, infrastructure and operations, information technology infrastructure, and financial 
and accounting systems and controls. Organizational growth and scale-up of operations could strain our existing 

- 16 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
managerial, operational, financial, and other resources. If our management is unable to effectively prepare for our 
expected future growth, our expenses may increase more than anticipated, our revenue could grow more slowly 
than expected, and we may not be able to achieve our commercialization, profitability, or product development 
goals. Our failure to effectively implement the necessary processes and procedures and otherwise prepare for our 
anticipated growth could have a material adverse effect on our future financial results and condition. 

Risks Related to Intellectual Property and Product Liability 

We may be unable to protect or obtain proprietary rights that we utilize or intend to utilize.  
In developing and manufacturing our products, we employ a variety of proprietary and patented technologies. In 
addition, we have licensed, and expect to continue to license, various complementary technologies and methods 
from academic institutions and public and private companies. We cannot provide assurance that the technologies 
that we own or license provide protection from competitive threats or from challenges to our intellectual property. 
In  addition,  we  cannot  provide  assurances  that  we  will  be  successful  in  obtaining  and  retaining  licenses  or 
proprietary or patented technologies in the future.  

See  Item  3.  “Legal  Proceedings”  for  a  discussion  of  the  status  of  certain  litigation  related  to  our  intellectual 
property. 

Product infringement claims by other companies could result in costly disputes and could limit our ability to 
sell our products. 
Litigation over intellectual property rights is prevalent in the diagnostic industry.  As the market for diagnostics 
continues to grow and the number of participants in the market increases, we may increasingly be subject to patent 
infringement claims.  It is possible that a third party may claim infringement against us.  If found to infringe, we 
may attempt to obtain a license to such intellectual property; however, we may be unable to do so on favorable 
terms, or at all.  Additionally, if our products are found to infringe on third-party intellectual property, we may be 
required to pay damages for past infringement and lose the ability to sell certain products, causing our revenues to 
decrease.  Any substantial loss resulting from such a claim could have a material adverse effect on our profitability, 
and the damage to our reputation in the industry could have a material adverse effect on our business. 

If product liability lawsuits are successfully brought against us, we may incur substantial liabilities and may 
have to limit or cease sales of our products. 
The  testing,  manufacturing  and  marketing  of  medical  diagnostic products  involves  an  inherent  risk  of  product 
liability  claims.    If  we  cannot  successfully  defend  ourselves  against  product  liability  claims,  we  may  incur 
substantial liabilities or be required to limit or cease sales of our products.  We currently carry product liability 
insurance at a level we believe is commercially reasonable, although there is no assurance that it will be adequate 
to cover claims that may arise.  In certain customer contracts, we indemnify third parties for certain product liability 
claims related to our products.  These indemnification obligations may cause us to pay significant sums of money 
for claims that are covered by these indemnifications.  In addition, a defect in the design or manufacture of our 
products could have a material adverse effect on our reputation in the industry and subject us to claims of liability 
for injury and otherwise.  Any substantial underinsured loss resulting from such a claim could have a material 
adverse effect on our profitability, and the damage to our reputation in the industry could have a material adverse 
effect on our business. 

Other Risks Affecting Our Business 

We incur costs and demands upon management as a result of complying with the laws and regulations affecting 
public companies in the United States, and failure to comply with these laws could harm our business and the 
price of our common stock.  
As a  public company listed in the  United States,  we incur significant legal,  accounting  and other expenses.  In 
addition,  changing  laws,  regulations  and  standards  relating  to  corporate  governance  and  public  disclosure, 
including regulations implemented by the SEC, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) and 
the NASDAQ Global Select  Market, may increase our legal and financial compliance costs and/or make some 
activities more time consuming. These laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations and, 
as  a  result,  their  application  in  practice  may  evolve  over  time  as  new  guidance  is  provided  by  regulatory  and 

- 17 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
             
 
 
 
governing bodies. We intend to invest resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards, and this 
investment may result in increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management’s time and 
attention  from  revenue-generating  activities  to  compliance  activities.  If  we  fail  to  comply  with  new  laws, 
regulations and standards, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us and our business may 
be harmed. 

Our business could be negatively affected if we are unable to attract, hire and retain key personnel. 
Our future success depends on our continued ability to attract, hire and retain highly qualified personnel, including 
our executive officers and scientific, technical, sales and marketing employees, and their ability to manage growth 
successfully.    If  such  key  employees  were  to  leave  and  we  were  unable  to  obtain  adequate  replacements,  our 
operating results could be adversely affected. 

Our bank credit agreement imposes restrictions with respect to our operations.  
Our bank credit agreement contains a number of financial covenants that require us to meet certain financial ratios 
and tests.  If we fail to comply with the obligations in the credit agreement, we would be in default under the credit 
agreement.  If an event of default is not cured or waived, it could result in acceleration of any indebtedness under 
our credit agreement, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.  At September 30, 2019, we had 
$75,824 outstanding on a $125,000 bank revolving credit facility. 

We face risks related to global economic conditions. 
We currently generate significant operating cash flows, which combined with access to the credit markets, provides 
us with discretionary funding capacity for research and development and other strategic activities.  However, as 
an enterprise with global operations and markets, our operations and financial performance are in part dependent 
upon global economic conditions, and we could be negatively impacted by a global, regional or national economic 
crisis,  including  sovereign  risk  in  the  event  of  deterioration  in  the  credit  worthiness  of  or  a  default  by  local 
governments.    We  are  particularly  susceptible  to  the  economic  conditions  in  countries  where  government-
sponsored health care systems are the primary payers for health care, including those countries within the European 
Union that are reducing their public expenditures in an effort to achieve cost savings.  The uncertainty in global 
economic conditions poses a risk to the overall economy that could impact demand for our products, as well as 
our  ability  to  manage  normal  commercial  relationships  with  our  customers,  suppliers  and  creditors,  including 
financial  institutions.    As  such,  if  global  economic  conditions  deteriorate  significantly,  our  business  could  be 
negatively impacted, including such areas as reduced demand for our products from a slow-down in the general 
economy, supplier or customer disruptions resulting from tighter credit markets, and/or temporary interruptions in 
our ability to conduct day-to-day transactions through our financial intermediaries involving the payment to or 
collection  of  funds  from  our  customers,  vendors  and  suppliers.    While  to-date  such  factors  have  not  had  a 
significant negative impact on our results or operations, we continue to monitor and plan for the potential impact 
of these global economic factors.   

In  June  2016,  a  majority  of  voters  in  the  United  Kingdom  elected  to  withdraw  from  the  European  Union  in  a 
national referendum. The U.K. is currently negotiating the terms of its exit from the European Union (“Brexit”). 
In November 2018, the U.K. and the European Union agreed upon a draft Withdrawal Agreement that sets out the 
terms of the U.K.’s departure, including commitments on citizen rights after Brexit, a financial settlement from 
the U.K., and a transition period to allow time for a future trade deal to be agreed. The U.K. Parliament has not 
approved the Withdrawal Agreement. As such, the date and the terms of the U.K.’s withdrawal from the European 
Union remain highly uncertain. 

Any impact of Brexit depends on the terms of the U.K.’s withdrawal from the European Union, if it ultimately 
occurs.  The  ongoing  uncertainty  on  the  status  of  the  final  Withdrawal  Agreement  could  lead  to  economic 
stagnation until an ultimate resolution with respect to Brexit occurs. If the U.K. leaves the European Union with 
no agreement, it will likely have an adverse impact on labor and trade in addition to creating further short-term 
uncertainty and currency volatility. In the absence of a future trade deal, the U.K.’s trade with the European Union 
and the rest of the world would be subject to tariffs and duties set by the World Trade Organization. Additionally, 
the movement of goods and personnel between the U.K. and the remaining member states of the European Union 
will be subject to additional inspections and documentation checks, leading to possible delays at ports of entry and 
departure.  Even  if  an  agreement  setting  forth  the  terms  of  the  U.K.’s  withdrawal  from  the  European  Union  is 
approved, the withdrawal could result in significant changes to the trading relationship between the U.K. and the 
European Union. These changes to the trading relationship between the U.K and the European Union would likely 

- 18 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
result in increased cost of goods imported into and exported from the U.K., and may decrease the profitability of 
our operations. Additional currency volatility could drive a weaker British pound, which could increase the cost 
of goods imported into the U.K. and may decrease  the profitability of  our operations. A  weaker British pound 
versus the U.S. dollar  may also cause local currency results of  our operations to be translated into fewer  U.S. 
dollars during a reporting period. With a range of outcomes still possible, the impact from Brexit remains uncertain 
and will depend, in part, on the final outcome of tariff, trade, regulatory and other negotiations.  

One or more cybersecurity incidents may adversely impact our financial condition, results of operations and 
reputation. 
Our operations involve the use of multiple systems that process, store and transmit sensitive information about our 
customers, suppliers, employees, financial position, operating results and strategies. We face global cybersecurity 
risks and threats on a continual and ongoing basis, which include, but are not limited to, attempts to access systems 
and information, computer viruses, or denial-of-service attacks. These risks and threats range from uncoordinated 
individual attempts to sophisticated and targeted measures. While we are not aware of any material cyber-attacks 
or breaches of our systems to date, we have and continue to implement measures to safeguard our systems and 
information and mitigate potential risks, including employee training around phishing, malware and other cyber 
risks, but there is no assurance that such actions will be sufficient to prevent cyber-attacks or security breaches 
that  manipulate  or  improperly  use  our  systems,  compromise  sensitive  information,  destroy  or  corrupt  data,  or 
otherwise disrupt our operations. The occurrence of such events, including breaches of our security measures or 
those of our third-party service providers, could negatively impact our reputation and our competitive position and 
could result in litigation with third parties, regulatory action, loss of business due to disruption of operations and/or 
reputational damage, potential liability and increased remediation and protection costs, any of which could have a 
material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, as cybersecurity risks 
become more sophisticated, we may need to increase our investments in security measures which could have a 
material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. 

Natural disasters, war and other events could adversely affect our future revenues and operating income.  
Natural disasters (including pandemics), war, terrorism, labor disruptions and international conflicts, and actions 
taken by the United States and other governments or by our customers or suppliers in response to such events, 
could cause significant economic disruption and political and social instability in the United States and in areas 
outside of the United States in which we operate. These events could result in decreased demand for our products, 
adversely affect our manufacturing and distribution capabilities, or increase the costs for, or cause interruptions 
in, the supply of materials from our suppliers. 

Risks Related to Our Common Stock  

Material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting could be identified, which if not properly 
corrected, could materially adversely affect our operations and result in material misstatements in our financial 
statements.  
During fiscal 2017, the Company identified a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting, which 
has  been  remediated.    However,  the  Company  can  make  no  assurances  that  a  material  weakness  will  not  be 
identified in the future or that, if identified, it will be properly corrected.  In the event we are unable to remediate 
a material weakness identified in the future, we may be unable to provide holders of our securities with required 
financial information in a timely and reliable manner, and we may incorrectly report financial information. Either 
of these events could have a material adverse effect on our operations, investor, supplier and customer confidence 
in our reported financial information, and/or the trading price of our common stock. 

The authority of our board to issue preferred stock may discourage takeover bids. 
Our board of directors has the authority to issue up to 1,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock and to determine 
the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, of such shares without any future vote 
or action by the shareholders.  The issuance of preferred stock under certain circumstances could have the effect 
of delaying or preventing a change in control of our company.  Ohio corporation law contains provisions that may 
discourage  takeover  bids  for  our  company  that  have  not  been  negotiated  with  the  board  of  directors.    Such 
provisions could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock.  
In addition, sales of substantial amounts of shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of 
our common stock and our ability to raise additional capital at a price favorable to us. 

- 19 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  market  price  of  our  common  stock  may  be  volatile  and  fluctuate  significantly,  which  could  result  in 
substantial losses for stockholders and subject us to litigation. 
The  market  price  of  our  common  stock  may  be  subject  to  significant  fluctuations  due  to  numerous  factors, 
including but not limited to the risks described in this “Risk Factors” section.  In addition, the stock market in 
general, the NASDAQ Global Market and the market for diagnostics companies in particular may experience a 
loss of investor confidence. A loss of investor confidence may result in extreme price and volume fluctuations in 
our common stock that are unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of our business, financial 
condition or results of operations. These broad market and industry factors may materially harm the market price 
of  our  common  stock  and  expose  us  to  securities  class-action  litigation.  Class-action  litigation,  even  if 
unsuccessful,  could  be  costly  to  defend  and  divert  management’s  attention  and  resources,  which  could  further 
materially harm our financial condition and results of operations. 

Our business could be negatively impacted as a result of shareholder activism, an unsolicited takeover proposal 
or a proxy contest. 
In recent years, proxy contests and other forms of stockholder activism have been directed against numerous public 
companies.  If  a  proxy  contest  or  an  unsolicited  takeover  proposal  is  made  with  respect  to  us,  we  could  incur 
significant  costs  in  defending  our  company,  which  would  have  an  adverse  effect  on  our  financial  results. 
Shareholder activists may also seek to involve themselves in the governance, strategic direction and operations of 
our company. Such proposals may disrupt our business and divert the attention of our management and employees, 
and any perceived uncertainties as to our future direction resulting from such a situation could result in the loss of 
potential  business  opportunities,  be  exploited  by  our  competitors,  cause  concern  to  our  current  or  potential 
customers, and make it more difficult to attract and retain qualified personnel and business partners, all of which 
could adversely affect our business. In addition, actions of activist stockholders may cause significant fluctuations 
in our stock price based on temporary or speculative market perceptions or other factors that do not necessarily 
reflect the underlying fundamentals and prospects of our business. 

There can be no assurance that we will resume the payment of dividends. 
The  declaration,  amount  and  timing  of  the  Company’s  dividends  are  subject  to  capital  availability  and 
determinations by our board of directors that cash dividends are in the best interest of our stockholders and are in 
compliance  with  all  respective  laws,  including  the  applicable  provisions  of  Ohio  law,  and  our  agreements 
applicable  to  the  declaration  and  payment  of  cash  dividends.  We  suspended  the  payment  of  quarterly  cash 
dividends effective during the fiscal 2019 second quarter.  Any action to resume the payment of dividends will 
depend  upon,  among  other  factors,  our  cash  balances  and  potential  future  capital  requirements  for  strategic 
transactions, including acquisitions, debt service requirements, results of operations, financial condition and other 
factors beyond our control that our board of directors may deem relevant. Ongoing suspension of our dividend 
payments could have a negative effect on our stock price. 

Changes  in  the  method  of  determining  London  Interbank  Offered  Rate  (“LIBOR”),  or  the  replacement  of 
LIBOR with an alternative reference rate, may adversely affect interest expense related to outstanding debt. 
 Amounts drawn under our credit facility may bear interest rates in relation to LIBOR, depending on our selection 
of repayment options. On July 27, 2017, the Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”) in the U.K. announced that it 
would phase out LIBOR as a benchmark by the end of 2021. It is unclear whether new methods of calculating 
LIBOR  will  be  established  such  that  it  continues  to  exist  after  2021. The  U.S.  Federal Reserve  is  considering 
replacing U.S. dollar LIBOR with a newly created index called the Broad Treasury Financing Rate, calculated 
with a broad set of short-term repurchase agreements backed by treasury securities. If LIBOR ceases to exist, we 
may need to renegotiate the credit facility and may not be able to do so with terms that are favorable to us. The 
overall financial market may be disrupted as a result of the phase-out or replacement of LIBOR. Disruption in the 
financial market or the inability to renegotiate the credit facility with favorable terms could have a material adverse 
effect on our business, financial position, and operating results. 

None. 

ITEM 1B. 

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS 

- 20 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 2. 

PROPERTIES 

Our corporate offices, infectious disease Diagnostics manufacturing facility, and infectious disease Diagnostics 
research  and  development  facility  are  located  in  four  buildings  totaling  approximately  117,000  square  feet  on 
approximately seven acres of land in the Village of Newtown, a suburb of Cincinnati, Ohio.  These properties are 
owned by us.  Our blood-chemistry  manufacturing and research and development operations are located in an 
approximately  30,000  square  foot  leased  facility  in  Billerica,  Massachusetts,  and  our  PCR-based  molecular 
manufacturing and research and development operations are located in an approximately 24,000 square foot leased 
facility in Quebec City, Canada.  We also operate a Diagnostics sales and distribution center near Milan, Italy in 
an approximately 18,000 square foot building.  This  facility is owned by our  wholly-owned Italian subsidiary, 
Meridian Bioscience Europe s.r.l.  We also rent office space in Paris, France and Braine-l’Alleud, Belgium for 
sales and administrative functions. 

Our  Life  Science  operations  are  conducted  in  several  facilities  in  Memphis,  Tennessee;  Boca  Raton,  Florida; 
London,  England;  Luckenwalde,  Germany;  Sydney,  Australia;  and  Beijing,  China.    Our  facility  in  Memphis, 
Tennessee consists of two buildings totaling approximately 44,000 square feet and is owned by us.  Our leased 
facility in Boca Raton, Florida contains approximately 7,500 square feet of manufacturing space.  Following are 
details of our other Life Science facilities, all of which are leased:  London – approximately 19,500 square feet of 
sales,  warehouse,  distribution,  research  and  development,  manufacturing  and  administrative  office  space; 
Luckenwalde  –  approximately  10,500  square  feet  of  sales,  warehouse  and  manufacturing  space;  Sydney  – 
approximately 5,000 square feet of sales and warehouse space; Beijing – less than 1,000 square feet of sales and 
business development space. 

ITEM 3. 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 

We are a party to various litigation matters that we believe are in the normal course of business.  Aside from the 
matters discussed below, the ultimate resolution of these matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect 
on  our  financial  position,  results  of  operations  or  cash  flows,  and  no  material  provision  has  been  made  in  the 
accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for these matters.  

On November 15, 2017, Barbara Forman filed a class action complaint in the United States District Court for the 
Southern  District  of  Ohio  (the  Court)  naming  Meridian,  its  former  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  former  Chief 
Financial Officer (in their capacities as such) as defendants.  An amended complaint was filed on April 16, 2018 
and the Company believes the essential elements of the amended complaint are the same.  On July 9, 2019, a 
settlement was reached with the plaintiff that provides for a $2.1 million payment by the Company.  On October 
9, 2019, the Court granted a motion for preliminary approval of  the settlement, and on November 7, 2019, the 
settlement amount was paid from the Company’s Directors and Officers insurance policy into a plaintiff escrow 
account.  The Court has scheduled a final approval hearing for March 2020.  Because the settlement was a covered 
claim under our Directors and Officers insurance policy, no provision for litigation losses has been included within 
the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations for fiscal 2019, 2018 or 2017. 

On December 6, 2017, Michael Edelson filed a derivative complaint in the United States District Court for the 
Southern District of Ohio naming Meridian, its former Chief Executive Officer, former Chief Financial Officer 
and  certain  members  of  Meridian’s  Board  of  Directors  and  Audit  Committee  (in  their  capacities  as  such)  as 
defendants.  The complaint alleges that Meridian made false and misleading representations concerning certain of 
Magellan’s lead test systems at or around the time of Meridian’s acquisition of Magellan and subsequent thereto, 
and the complaint alleges that certain members of the Board of Directors and Audit Committee breached their 
fiduciary duties in their oversight of the Company’s public disclosures and corporate governance  matters. The 
complaint sought compensatory damages, equitable relief relating to corporate governance matters and attorneys’ 
fees.  On October 9, 2019, Court granted plaintiff’s motion for voluntary dismissal. Accordingly, no provision for 
litigation  losses  has  been  included  within  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations  for  fiscal 
2019, 2018 or 2017. 

- 21 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Approximately $30 and $600 of expense for attorneys’ fees related to the above two class action matters is included 
within the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations for fiscal 2019 and 2018, respectively.  Amounts 
expensed in fiscal 2018 included a $500 deductible under our Directors and Officers insurance policy. 

On April 17, 2018, Magellan received a subpoena from the United States Department of Justice (“DOJ”) regarding 
its LeadCare product line.  The subpoena outlines documents to be produced, and the Company is cooperating 
with the DOJ in this matter.  The Company maintains rigorous policies and procedures to promote compliance 
with applicable regulatory agencies and requirements, and is working with the DOJ to promptly respond to the 
subpoena, including responding to additional information requests.  The Company has executed tolling agreements 
to extend the statute of limitations.   The  Company cannot  predict  when the investigation  will be resolved, the 
outcome of the investigation, or its potential impact on the Company.  Approximately $1,585 and $775 of expense 
for  attorneys’  fees  related  to  this  matter  is  included  within  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Statements  of 
Operations for fiscal 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

On  October  9,  2018,  the  Company  and  DiaSorin  Inc.  entered  into  a  strategic  collaboration  to  sell  DiaSorin’s 
Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test to detect H. pylori for use on its automated LIAISON platform under the 
Meridian brand name worldwide.  The new collaboration resulted in the termination of all pending legal disputes 
between the two parties and will expand the previous agreement between DiaSorin and Meridian, which focused 
on the sale, by DiaSorin, of co-developed products in major countries in continental Europe.  Approximately $50, 
$2,965  and  $630  of  expense  for  attorneys’  fees  related  to  this  matter  is  included  within  the  accompanying 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. 

Not applicable. 

ITEM 4. 

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES 

PART II. 

ITEM 5. 

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON 
EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES 

Refer to “Note About Forward-Looking Statements” following the Index in front of this Form 10-K and Item 1A 
“Risk Factors” on pages 11 through 20 of this Annual Report. 

Market Information 
Our common stock trades on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol VIVO.  

Holders of our Common Stock 
As of September 30, 2019, there were approximately 600 holders of record and approximately 10,550 beneficial 
owners of our common shares. 

Dividends 
 “Quarterly  Financial  Data  (Unaudited)”  relating  to  our  dividends  in  Note  11  of  the  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements are incorporated herein by reference.   

Effective  during  the  second  quarter  of  fiscal  2019,  the  Company  suspended  the  payment  of  its  quarterly  cash 
dividend, which had previously been established at an indicated annual cash dividend rate of $0.50 per share for 
each of fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017.  The dividend was suspended as part of the Company’s regular evaluation of 
its capital allocation, with the action taken in order to deploy cash into new product development activities for the 
Revogene molecular diagnostic platform, as well as the Curian and PediaStat platforms, among other investments, 
and to preserve capital resources and liquidity  for general corporate  purposes.  The declaration and amount of 

- 22 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
dividends will be determined by the board of directors in its discretion based upon its evaluation of earnings, cash 
flow requirements and future business developments and opportunities, including acquisitions.  We paid dividends 
of $0.25, $0.50 and $0.575 per share in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  

Stock Total Return Performance 
The graph below matches the cumulative 5-Year total return of holders of Meridian Bioscience, Inc.’s common 
stock with the cumulative total returns of the NASDAQ Composite index and a customized peer group of eight 
companies  that  includes:  Bio-Rad  Laboratories,  Inc.,  bioMerieux  S.A.,  GenMark  Diagnostics,  Inc.,  Luminex 
Corporation, Myriad Genetics, Inc., OraSure Technologies, Inc., Quidel Corporation and Trinity Biotech Plc.  We 
selected  the  companies  in  the  customized  peer  group  based  on  various  considerations,  including,  without 
limitation, industry classifications, the extent to which certain companies may engage in businesses in which we 
engage,  and  the  extent  to  which  we  and/or  our  investors  consider  certain  companies  to  be  direct  or  indirect 
competitors.  The graph assumes that the value of the investment in our common stock, in each index, and in the 
peer group (including reinvestment of dividends) was $100 on September 30, 2014 and tracks it through September 
30, 2019. 

COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN*
Among Meridian Bioscience, Inc., the NASDAQ Composite Index,
and a Peer Group

$250

$200

$150

$100

$50

$0

9/14

9/15

9/16

9/17

9/18

9/19

Meridian Bioscience, Inc.

NASDAQ Composite

Peer Group

*$100 invested on 9/30/14 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends.
Fiscal year ending September 30.

- 23 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 6. 

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA 

Income Statement Information (Amounts in thousands, except per share data) 
For the Year Ended September 30, 
Net revenues 

2019 
 201,014     $ 

2018 
 213,571  

$ 

 $ 

Gross profit 

Operating income 

Net earnings 

Basic earnings per share 

Diluted earnings per share 

Cash dividends declared per share 

Book value per share 

Balance Sheet Information 
As of September 30, 
Current assets 

Current liabilities 

Total assets 

Long-term debt obligations 

Shareholders' equity 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 118,325  

 32,699  

 24,382  

 0.57  

 $ 

 0.57     $ 

 0.250  

 4.47  

 $ 

 $ 

 130,697  

 31,584  

 23,849  

 0.56  

 0.56  

 0.500  

 4.14  

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

2017 
 200,771  

 $ 

2016 
 196,082   $ 

 124,292  

 37,382  

 21,557  

 0.51  

 0.51  

 0.575  

 4.02  

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 127,212  

 51,378  

 32,229  

 0.77   $ 

 0.76   $ 

 0.800   $ 

 3.95   $ 

2019 
 144,761     $ 

2018 
 139,053  

 $ 

2017 
 133,875  

 $ 

2016 
 126,791   $ 

 20,914  

 325,478  

 75,824  

 190,967  

 24,173  

 251,377  

 50,180  

 175,418  

 22,887  

 249,777  

 54,647  

 169,585  

 22,571  

 252,028  

 58,360  

 166,472  

2015 
 194,830 

 121,882 

 56,060 

 35,540 

 0.85 

 0.85 

 0.800 

 3.96 

2015 
 119,422 

 15,251 

 183,282 

 - 

 165,873 

ITEM 7. 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL 
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

Refer to “Note About Forward-Looking Statements” following the Index in front of this Form 10-K and Item 1A 
“Risk Factors” on pages 11 through 20 of this Annual Report. 

In the discussion that follows, all dollar amounts are in thousands (both tables and text), except per share data. 

Results of Operations: 

Fourth Quarter 
Net earnings for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 decreased 24% to $4,103, or $0.10 per diluted share, from net 
earnings for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018 of $5,434, or $0.13 per diluted share.  The fiscal 2019 fourth quarter 
results  include  $1,714  of  costs  associated  with  acquisition  activities,  restructuring  activities  and  selected  legal 
proceedings  (combined  impact  on  net  earnings  of  $1,296, or  $0.03 per  diluted  share).   The  fiscal  2018  fourth 
quarter results include $4,576 of costs associated with restructuring activities and selected legal proceedings, along 
with certain one-time tax effects of the U.S. tax reform act enacted in December 2017 (combined impact on net 
earnings of $3,145, or $0.07 per diluted share).  Consolidated revenues for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 totaled 
$50,846, a decrease of 4% compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, also decreasing 3% on a constant-currency 
basis. 

Revenues for the Diagnostics segment for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 decreased 9% compared to the fourth 
quarter of fiscal 2018 (also 9% on a constant-currency basis), comprised of a 22% decrease in molecular assay 
products and a 6% decrease in immunoassay and blood chemistry assay products.  With a 13% decrease in its 
molecular reagents products and a 21% increase in its immunological reagents products, revenues for our Life 
Science segment increased 7% in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018.  
On a constant-currency basis, revenues for our Life Science Segment increased 9%. 

- 24 - 

 
 
 
 
  
   
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  fourth  quarter  Diagnostics  revenues  reflect  continued  competitive  pressures  in  a  number  of  our  products, 
particularly C. difficile and foodborne, volume and pricing declines in  certain gastrointestinal products, and the 
effects  of  initially  lighter  shipments  of  respiratory  products  in  advance  of  the  upcoming  season.    Life  Science 
revenues  for  the  fourth  quarter  reflect  double-digit  growth  from  IVD  customers  purchasing  immunological 
reagents  in  the  EMEA  region,  as  well  as  China,  offset  by  declines  in  transitioning  our  academic  business  to 
independent distributors in the Americas region. 

Fiscal Year 
Net earnings for fiscal 2019 increased 2% to $24,382, or $0.57 per diluted share, from net earnings for fiscal 2018 
of $23,849, or $0.56 per diluted share.  Fiscal 2019 results include $6,230 of costs associated with acquisition 
activities, restructuring activities and selected legal proceedings (combined impact on net earnings of $4,760, or 
$0.11 per diluted share).  Fiscal 2018 results include $13,051 of costs associated with restructuring activities and 
selected legal proceedings, along with certain one-time tax effects of the U.S. tax reform act enacted in December 
2017 (combined impact on net earnings of $7,856, or $0.18 per diluted share).  Consolidated revenues decreased 
6% to $201,014 for fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018, decreasing 5% on a constant-currency basis. 

In fiscal 2019, revenues for the Diagnostics segment decreased 9% compared to fiscal 2018 (8% on a constant-
currency basis).  This decrease is comprised of a 22% decrease in our molecular assay products and a 5% decrease 
in immunoassay and blood chemistry assay products.  With a 5% decrease in its molecular reagents business and 
a 6% increase in its immunological reagents business, revenues of our Life Science segment increased 2% during 
fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018, increasing 3% on a constant-currency basis. 

Update on Lead Testing 

On June 29, 2017, the FDA, in connection with its Safety Notification related  to Magellan’s LeadCare(cid:3) testing 
systems for venous blood samples, issued to Magellan its Form 483, Inspectional Observations. The FDA issued 
a related Warning Letter on October 23, 2017.  As a result of these activities, during our 2017 third fiscal quarter, 
it was determined that a potential impairment of goodwill recorded in connection with the acquisition of Magellan 
had occurred (i.e., a “triggering event”).  An impairment charge of $6,628, on both a pre-tax and after-tax basis, 
was recorded during the fiscal 2017 third quarter as set forth in Note 1(h), “Summary of Significant Accounting 
Policies  –  Intangible  Assets”  of  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Financial  Statements.    As  also  previously 
disclosed and set forth in Item 3. “Legal Proceedings”, on April 17, 2018, Magellan received a subpoena from the 
United  States  Department  of  Justice  (“DOJ”)  regarding  its  LeadCare  product  line.  The  subpoena  outlines 
documents to be produced, and we continue to cooperate with the DOJ in this matter, including responding to 
additional information requests.  We have executed tolling agreements to extend the statute of limitations.  

Magellan submitted 510(k) applications in December 2018, seeking to reinstate venous blood sample-types for its 
LeadCare(cid:147) II, LeadCare(cid:147) Plus™ and LeadCare Ultra(cid:147) testing systems. In the second fiscal quarter of 2019 the 
FDA informed Magellan that each of these 510(k) applications had been put on Additional Information hold.  On 
July 15, 2019, we provided responses to the FDA’s requests for Additional Information.  These 510(k) applications 
have since expired and are no longer under FDA review.  Further, while Magellan’s LeadCare testing systems 
remain cleared for marketing by the FDA and permitted for use with capillary blood samples, the FDA advised 
that  it  has  commissioned  a  third-party  study  of  Magellan’s  LeadCare  testing  systems  using  both  venous  and 
capillary blood samples. According to the FDA, the results of the field study will be used in conjunction with other 
information to determine whether further action by the FDA or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is 
necessary to protect the public health. Meridian intends to fully cooperate with the FDA as the third-party study is 
completed. 

During October 2019, the FDA performed a follow-up inspection of Magellan’s manufacturing facility.  The FDA 
issued five Form 483 observations.  In November 2019, we submitted to the FDA our written responses to the five 
Form 483 observations and have implemented a remediation plan that we are actively working.  While we remain 
committed  to  strengthening  Magellan’s  quality  system  and  ensuring  that  all  aspects  of  the  system  are  in  full 
compliance, we can provide no assurance that our remediation efforts will be successful to a degree acceptable by 
the FDA. 

During fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, we incurred approximately $1,800 in aggregate remediation costs, primarily 
related to regulatory consultants and studies required to reinstate our venous blood sample claim.   In the course 

- 25 - 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
of  remediation,  we  may  encounter  additional  matters  that  warrant  notifications  to  the  FDA  and/or  customers 
regarding the use of our products.  At this time, we do not believe that any such notifications would impact the 
ability to use the LeadCare systems with capillary blood samples.   

While we remain confident in the performance of the Magellan LeadCare testing systems using capillary samples,  
we  do not expect that the  FDA  will reinstate our venous blood claims.  We can provide no assurance that the 
ongoing  investigation  and  study  of  the  DOJ  and  FDA,  respectively,  or  future  exercise  of  their  respective 
enforcement, regulatory, discretionary or other powers will not result in findings or alleged violations of federal 
laws  that  could  lead  to  enforcement  actions,  proceedings  or  litigation  and  the  imposition  of  damages,  fines, 
penalties,  restitution,  other  monetary  liabilities,  sanctions,  injunctions,  settlements  or  changes  to  our  business 
practices,  product  offerings  or  operations  that  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial 
condition or results of operations; or eliminate altogether our ability to operate our lead testing business, or on 
terms substantially similar to those on which we currently operate. 

REVENUE OVERVIEW 
Below are analyses of the Company’s revenue, by reportable segment, provided for each of the following: 

- By Geographic Region 
- By Product Platform/Type 

Revenue Overview- By Reportable Segment & Geographic Region 
Our  reportable  segments  are  Diagnostics  and  Life  Science.    The  Diagnostics  segment  consists  of  manufacturing 
operations for infectious disease diagnostic products in Cincinnati, Ohio and Quebec City, Canada, and manufacturing 
operations  for  products  detecting  elevated  lead  levels  in  blood  in  Billerica,  Massachusetts  (near  Boston).    These 
diagnostic test products are sold and distributed in the countries comprising North and Latin America (the “Americas”); 
Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”); and other countries outside of the Americas and EMEA (rest of the world, 
or “ROW”).  The Life Science segment consists of manufacturing operations in Memphis, Tennessee; Boca Raton, 
Florida; London, England; and Luckenwalde, Germany, and the sale and distribution of bulk antigens, antibodies, 
PCR/qPCR reagents, nucleotides, and bioresearch reagents domestically and abroad, including a sales and business 
development facility, with outsourced distribution capabilities, in Beijing, China to further pursue growing revenue 
opportunities in Asia. 

Revenues for the Diagnostics segment, in the normal course of business, may be affected from quarter to quarter 
by  buying  patterns  of  major  distributors,  seasonality  and  the  severity  of  seasonal  diseases  and  outbreaks,  and 
foreign currency exchange rates.  Revenues for the Life Science segment, in the normal course of business, may 
be affected from quarter to quarter by buying patterns of major customers and foreign currency exchange rates.   

See  the  “Revenue  Disaggregation”  section  of  Note  1,  “Significant  Accounting  Policies”  of  the  accompanying 
Consolidated Financial Statements for detailed revenue disaggregation information. 

Following is a discussion of the revenues generated by these product platforms/types and/or disease states: 

Diagnostics Products 
The acquisition of the  Revogene  molecular diagnostics platform, the  development of the Curian immunoassay 
platform, and the expansion of the related assay-menu for each of these platforms are important steps in addressing 
competitive pressures in our gastrointestinal and respiratory illness assay families.  We are actively converting our 
existing  Alethia  install  base  to  the  Revogene  platform  for  C.  difficile,  Group  A  Streptococcus  and  Group  B 
Streptococcus assays.  During our first 120 days since acquiring the Revogene platform, we have approximately 
60  instrument  installations.    For  the  Curian  immunoassay  diagnostics  platform,  we  submitted  a  510(k)  for  the 
instrument and first assay, a test for H. pylori antigen in stool, in September 2019.  We believe the advantages of 
the Curian analyzer will help protect our existing rapid test accounts. 

- 26 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gastrointestinal Assays 
During fiscal 2019, revenues from our gastrointestinal products, which include tests for C. difficile, H. pylori and 
certain foodborne pathogens, among others, totaled $68,977.  This represents a 13% decrease from fiscal 2018 and 
follows a less than 1% increase during fiscal 2018.  We continue to face pricing and volume pressures within this 
product category that will carry into fiscal 2020 and beyond for our current products. We have executed multi-
year supply agreements with our two largest reference laboratory customers for H. pylori tests to secure volume, 
albeit at lower selling prices.  We continue to believe there are ongoing benefits to be realized from our partnerships 
with managed care companies in promoting: (i) the health and economic benefits of a test and treat strategy; (ii) 
changes in policies that discourage the use of traditional serology methods and promote the utilization of active 
infection testing methods; and (iii) physician behavior movement away from serology-based testing and toward 
direct antigen testing. 

Contributing  to  the  competitive  pressures  being  faced  in  this  product  category,  the  patents  for  our  H.  pylori 
products, owned by us, expired in May 2016 in the U.S. and in May 2017 in countries outside the U.S.  We expect 
competition  with respect to our  H. pylori products to  continue  to  increase, and such competition  may  have an 
adverse impact on our selling prices for these products, or our ability to retain business at prices acceptable to us, 
and  consequently,  adversely  affect  our  future  results  of  operations  and  liquidity,  including  revenues  and  gross 
profit. In October 2018, we entered into a strategic collaboration with DiaSorin to sell H. pylori tests, one of only 
three other companies that market FDA-cleared tests to detect H. pylori antigen in stool samples in the U.S. market.  
We are unable to provide assurances that we will be successful with any strategy or that any strategy will prevent 
an adverse effect on our future results of operations and liquidity, including revenues and gross profit.   

Respiratory Illness Assays 
Including tests  for influenza,  RSV,  Group  A Strep, Pertussis, and Mycoplasma  pneumonia, among others, our 
respiratory illness product revenues decreased 8% in fiscal 2019, following a 21% increase in fiscal 2018.  These 
revenue levels reflect a lighter 2018 – 2019 respiratory season, as compared to the particularly strong 2017 – 2018 
respiratory season, as measured by the rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalizations (published by the 
CDC). 

Blood Chemistry Assays 
Revenues from our sale of products to test for elevated levels of lead in blood remained relatively flat during fiscal 
2019 at $19,082.  This follows fiscal 2018 revenues from such products increasing 5% over fiscal 2017.  Nominal 
favorable pricing offset nominal volume declines in fiscal 2019. 

Life Science Products 
During fiscal 2019, revenues from our Life Science segment increased 2%, with revenues from molecular reagent 
sales decreasing 5% compared to fiscal 2018 and revenues from immunological reagent sales increasing 6%.  Life 
Science segment revenues increased 10% in fiscal 2018, with revenues from molecular reagent sales increasing 
12% compared to fiscal 2017 and revenues from immunological reagent sales increasing 9%.  Our Life Science 
segment’s growth  was impacted by the movement in currency exchange rates since fiscal 2018, with revenues 
increasing  3%  on  a  constant-currency  basis  over  fiscal  2018.    During  fiscal  2019,  our  Life  Science  segment 
continued to benefit from sales into China, with such sales totaling approximately $8,400 during fiscal 2019  – 
representing an approximate 1% increase over fiscal 2018. 

Foreign Currency 
Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates since fiscal 2018 had an approximate $2,200 unfavorable impact 
on fiscal 2019 revenues; $1,150 within the Diagnostics segment and $1,050 within the Life Science segment.  This 
compares to year-to-year currency exchange rates having an approximate $2,200 favorable impact on revenues in 
fiscal 2018; $1,400 within the Diagnostics segment and $800 within the Life Science segment.  Due to natural 
hedge relationships with expenses, both cost of sales and operating expenses, the overall impact of exchange rate 
fluctuations on net earnings was not significant during fiscal 2019, 2018 or 2017. 

Significant Customers 
Revenue concentrations related to  certain customers  within our Diagnostics and  Life Science segments are set 
forth in Note 9 of the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements. 

- 27 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
  
     
        
  
  
  
     
  
Gross Profit: 

Gross Profit 

  $ 

 118,325  

 $ 

 130,697  

 $ 

 124,292  

2019  

2018  

2017  

2019 vs. 

2018      
Inc (Dec) 
 (9  %) 

2018 vs. 
2017     
Inc (Dec) 
 5 % 

Gross Profit Margin 

59% 

61% 

62% 

  -2 points 

-1 point 

The  overall gross profit margin decrease  during  fiscal 2019 primarily results from the combined effects of: (i) 
previously-noted pricing changes within our H. pylori product line; (ii) mix of products sold, particularly decreased 
contribution from certain of our higher margin gastrointestinal assays; (iii) production capacity ramp-up costs for 
our newly acquired Quebec facility where Revogene instruments and test devices are made; and (iv) operating 
segment mix.  The overall decrease in the gross profit margin from fiscal 2017 to fiscal 2018 reflects the combined 
effects  of:  (i)  pricing  pressure  in  our  Diagnostics  segment;  (ii)  mix  of  products  sold,  particularly  decreased 
contribution from certain of our higher margin gastrointestinal assays; and (iii) operating segment mix.     

Operating Expenses - 
Segment Detail 

Fiscal 2017: 

   Diagnostics 

   Life Science 

   Corporate 

      Total 2017 Expenses 

Fiscal 2018: 

   Diagnostics 

   Life Science 

   Corporate 

      Total 2018 Expenses 

Fiscal 2019: 

   Diagnostics 

  Life Science 

   Corporate 

     Total 2019 Expenses 

Research & 
Development 

Selling &   
Marketing 

General & 
Administrative 

Other 

Total Operating 
Expenses 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 13,433  

 $ 

 22,942  

 $ 

 13,268  

 $ 

 6,628   $ 

 2,603  

 -  

 9,446  

 -  

 7,493  

 10,335  

 -  

 762  

 16,036  

 $ 

 32,388  

 $ 

 31,096  

 $ 

 7,390     $ 

 13,742  

 $ 

 25,002  

 $ 

 19,397  

 $ 

 4,032   $ 

 3,047  

 -  

 9,466  

 -  

 8,111  

 7,297  

 1,240  

 7,779  

 16,789  

 $ 

 34,468  

 $ 

 34,805  

 $ 

 13,051     $ 

 14,711  

 $ 

 23,058  

 $ 

 19,191  

 $ 

 3,446   $ 

 3,237  

 -  

 5,388  

 -  

 6,034  

 7,777  

 188  

 2,596  

 17,948  

 $ 

 28,446  

 $ 

 33,002  

 $ 

 6,230     $ 

 56,271 

 19,542 

 11,097 

 86,910 

 62,173 

 21,864 

 15,076 

 99,113 

 60,406 

 14,847 

 10,373 

 85,626 

- 28 - 

 
 
       
  
     
        
  
  
  
     
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
    
   
   
 
 
 
     
        
        
        
       
  
  
 
  
     
  
   
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
  
   
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
  
   
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
     
        
        
        
       
  
 
 
Operating Expenses - 
Comparisons to Prior Year 
Periods 

2017 Expenses 

% of Revenues 

Fiscal 2018 Increases (Decreases): 

  Diagnostics 

  Life Science 

  Corporate 

2018 Expenses 

% of Revenues 

% Increase 

Fiscal 2019 Increases (Decreases): 

   Diagnostics 

   Life Science 

   Corporate 

2019 Expenses 

% of Revenues 

Research & 
Development 

Selling &   
Marketing 

General & 
Administrative 

Other 

Total Operating 
Expenses 

$ 

 16,036  

 $ 

 32,388  

 $ 

 31,096  

 $ 

 7,390     $ 

 86,910 

                     8% 

                     16% 

                    15% 

                      4% 

                   43% 

 309  

 444  

 -  

 2,060  

 20  

 -  

 6,129  

 618  

 (3,038) 

 (2,596) 

 1,240  

 7,017  

 5,902 

 2,322 

 3,979 

$ 

 16,789  

 $ 

 34,468  

 $ 

 34,805  

 $ 

 13,051     $ 

 99,113 

                     8% 

                     16% 

                    16% 

                      6% 

                   46% 

                     5% 

                       6% 

                     12% 

                    77% 

                   14% 

 969  

 190  

 -  

 (1,944) 

 (4,078) 

 -  

 (206) 

 (2,077) 

 480  

 (586) 

 (1,052) 

 (5,183) 

$ 

 17,948  

 $ 

 28,446  

 $ 

 33,002  

 $ 

 6,230     $ 

 (1,767)

 (7,017)

 (4,703)

 85,626 

                    9% 

                    14% 

                    16% 

                      3% 

                   43% 

% Increase (Decrease) 

                    7% 

                   (17%) 

                     (5%) 

                   (52%) 

                  (14%) 

Total operating expenses fluctuated during fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018 primarily as a result of the combined effects 
of the following: 

Fiscal 2019 decrease 

(cid:120) 

Increased  Research  &  Development  costs,  reflecting  the  addition  of  the  GenePOC  business 
expenses  for  the  development  of  the  GI  and  RI  panel  assays  since  the  June  3,  2019  date  of 
acquisition being more than offset by the decreased expenditures resulting from the timing of 
product development projects and the clinical trials for our cCMV test in fiscal 2018; 

(cid:120)  Decreased  Selling  &  Marketing  costs  due  to:    (i)  the  effects  of  the  fiscal  2018  organization 
streamlining initiatives; and (ii) lower sales commissions resulting from the decrease in sales 
levels;  

(cid:120)  Decreased General & Administrative costs, reflecting the effects of the fiscal 2018 organization 
streamlining initiatives and lower Quality System remediation costs related to our blood-lead 
manufacturing  facility,  partially  offset  by  the  addition  of  the  GenePOC  business  expenses, 
including purchase accounting amortization; and 

(cid:120)  Decreased  restructuring  &  selected  legal  costs,  along  with  the  effects  of  the  fiscal  2019 

acquisition-related costs (reflected within “Other” in the above tables). 

Fiscal 2018 increase 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

Increased  Selling  &  Marketing  costs,  reflecting  increased  commission  and  bonus  payments 
made in connection with the increased revenue levels, along with costs associated with the new 
branding strategy;  

Increased General & Administrative costs due in large part to the cash incentive compensation 
resulting  from  the  revenue  and  net  earnings  results  achieved,  along  with  increased  Quality 
System remediation costs related to Magellan;  

- 29 - 

 
 
     
        
        
        
       
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
     
  
   
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
     
  
   
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(cid:120) 

Increased  restructuring  costs,  reflecting:  (i)  compensation  and  benefits  for  our  previous 
Executive Chairman and CEO throughout fiscal 2018, the period during which we also have the 
compensation and benefits of a new CEO; and (ii) the costs of terminations and related expenses 
incurred in connection with realigning our business structure; and   

(cid:120) 

Increased legal costs related to the matters discussed in Item 3. “Legal Proceedings”. 

Operating Income 
Operating income increased 4% in fiscal 2019, following a 15% decrease in fiscal 2018, as a result of the factors 
discussed above, including the acquisition-related, restructuring and selected legal costs in each of the fiscal years and 
the Magellan goodwill impairment charge in fiscal 2017. 

Other Income and Expense 
Other  income  and  expense  in  fiscal  2019,  2018  and  2017  includes  interest  costs  on  the  Company’s  long-term 
borrowings, which are comprised of the following during these fiscal years: 

(cid:120)  Draws on the revolving credit facility used to fund acquisition of the business of GenePOC and 
pay  off  the  term  loan  used  to  fund  the  March  2016  acquisition  of  Magellan  (May  2019  – 
September 2019), bearing interest at a fluctuating rate tied to, at the Company’s option, either 
the federal funds rate or LIBOR. 

(cid:120) 

 Term loan used to fund the acquisition of Magellan (March 2016 – May 2017), bearing interest 
at an effective rate of 2.76%.   

Income Taxes 
The effective rate for income taxes was 23%, 21% and 41% for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  These 
rates reflect the combined effect of various components of the tax reform act (see Note 6, “Income Taxes” of the 
accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements) including:  (i) the lowering of the applicable tax rate; (ii) the 
accompanying  re-measurement  of  deferred  tax  balances  at  the  lower  rate;  and  (iii)  the  various  foreign-income 
related  items,  such  as  the  repatriation  transition  tax,  the  tax  deduction  related  to  Foreign  Derived  Intangible 
Income, and the tax related to Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income and foreign tax credits. 

Impact of Inflation 
To the extent feasible, we have consistently followed the practice of adjusting our prices to reflect the impact of 
inflation on salaries and fringe benefits for employees and the cost of purchased materials and services.  Inflation 
and changing prices did not have a material adverse impact on our gross margin, revenues or operating income in 
fiscal 2019, 2018 or 2017. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources: 

Liquidity 
Our cash flow and financing requirements are determined by analyses of operating and capital spending budgets, 
debt service, and consideration of common share dividends.  We have historically maintained a credit facility to 
augment working capital requirements and to respond quickly to acquisition opportunities.   

We have an investment policy that guides the holdings of our investment portfolio, which presently consists of 
bank savings accounts and institutional money market mutual funds.  Our objectives in managing the investment 
portfolio are to: (i) preserve capital; (ii) provide sufficient liquidity to meet working capital requirements and fund 
strategic  objectives  such  as  acquisitions;  and  (iii)  capture  a  market  rate  of  return  commensurate  with  market 
conditions and our policy’s investment eligibility criteria.  As we look forward, we will continue to manage the 
holdings of our investment portfolio with preservation of capital being the primary objective. 

Considering the various worldwide geo-political and geo-economic conditions (including Brexit, as more fully 
discussed within the “Risk Factors” section of Part 1A), we do not expect macroeconomic conditions to have a 
significant impact on our liquidity needs, financial condition or results of operations, although no assurances can 
be made in this regard.  We intend to continue to fund our working capital requirements from current cash flows 

- 30 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
from operating activities and cash on hand.  If needed, we also have an additional source of liquidity through the 
amount remaining available on our $125,000 bank revolving credit facility, which totaled approximately $49,200 
as of September 30, 2019.  Our liquidity needs may change if overall economic conditions worsen and/or liquidity 
and credit within the financial markets tightens for an extended period of time, and such conditions impact the 
collectability of our customer accounts receivable, impact credit terms with our vendors, or disrupt the supply of 
raw materials and services. 

As of September 30, 2019, our cash and equivalents balance is $62,397 or $2,634 higher than at the end of fiscal 
2018.  This increase results in large part from the cash flows from operating activities being more than sufficient 
to  cover  capital  expenditures,  shareholder  dividends  for  two  quarters  and  debt  service.    Net  cash  flows  from 
operating activities and cash on hand are anticipated to be adequate to fund working capital requirements, capital 
expenditures and debt service during the next 12 months. 

Following the declaration of a $0.125 first quarter cash dividend consistent with the previously established $0.50 
per share annual indicated dividend rate, effective for the second quarter of fiscal 2019, we suspended the payment 
of our quarterly cash dividend.  The dividend was suspended as part of our regular evaluation of capital allocation, 
with the action taken in order to deploy cash into new product development activities for the Revogene molecular 
diagnostic  platform,  as  well  as  the  Curian  and  PediaStat  platforms,  among  other  investments,  and  to  preserve 
capital resources and liquidity for general corporate purposes.     

Capital Resources 
As described in Note 5, “Bank Credit Arrangements” of the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements, 
on May 24, 2019, in connection with the acquisition of the GenePOC business, the Company executed a new five-
year $125,000 revolving credit facility to replace our previously-existing $30,000 credit facility.  The new credit facility 
is secured by substantially all of our assets and includes certain restrictive financial covenants.  To date, we have drawn 
down $75,824 on this new facility, using the proceeds to repay our previously-existing term loan and, along with cash 
on-hand, fund the acquisition of the GenePOC business. 

Our capital expenditures totaled $3,797 for fiscal 2019 and were largely related to laboratory and manufacturing 
equipment.  During fiscal 2020 our capital expenditures are estimated to range between approximately $4,000 to 
$5,000, with the actual amount dependent upon actual operating results and the phasing of certain projects.  Such 
expenditures may be funded with cash and equivalents on hand, operating cash flows and/or availability under the 
$125,000 revolving credit facility discussed above. 

Known Contractual Obligations: 
In addition to the obligations related to the revolving credit facility noted above and detailed in Note 5,  “Bank 
Credit Arrangements” of the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company’s known contractual 
obligations and their related due dates were as follows as of September 30, 2019: 

Operating leases (1) 

$ 

 6,567     $ 

 1,528     $ 

 3,711     $ 

 1,145     $ 

 183 

Total 

Less than 1 
Year 

      1-3 Years       4-5 Years       

More than 
5 Years 

Purchase obligations (2) 

 14,995       

 14,203       

 737       

 55       

Acquisition price holdback and  
   contingent consideration (3) 

Uncertain income tax positions  
   liability and interest (4) 
Total 

$ 

 - 

 - 

 75,000       

 -       

 75,000       

 -       

 511       
 97,073     $ 

 511       
 16,242     $ 

 -       
 79,448     $ 

 -       
 1,200     $ 

 - 
 183 

- 31 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
        
        
        
        
  
  
     
  
  
  
 
 
    
    
    
    
(1)  Meridian and its subsidiaries are parties to a number of operating lease agreements around the world, the 

majority of which relate to office and warehouse building leases expiring at various dates. 

(2)  Purchase obligations relate primarily to outstanding purchase orders for inventory, including instruments, 
service items, and research and development activities.  These contractual commitments are not in excess 
of expected production requirements over the next twelve months. 

(3)  Pursuant to the purchase agreement related to the June 3, 2019 acquisition of the business of GenePOC, 
Meridian’s maximum remaining consideration to be paid totals $75,000.  As noted below and detailed in 
Note 2, “Acquisition of Business of GenePOC” of the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements, 
this amount is comprised of: (i) a $5,000 purchase price holdback; and (ii) up to $70,000 of payments 
contingent upon the achievement of certain product development milestones and financial performance 
targets, the preliminary valuation of which totals approximately $27,200 as of September 30, 2019.  

(4)  Due to inherent uncertainties in the timing of settlement of tax positions, we are unable to estimate the 

timing of the effective settlement of these obligations. 

Other Commitments and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements: 

License Agreements 
Meridian  has  entered  into  various  license  agreements  that  require  payment  of  royalties  based  on  a  specified 
percentage of sales of related products.  Approximately 84% of our royalty expenses relate to our Diagnostics 
operating segment, where the royalty rates range from 3% to 8%.  Meridian expects that payments under these 
agreements will amount to approximately $2,100 in fiscal 2020. 

Contingent Consideration for Acquisition of Business of GenePOC 
Details  of  the  purchase  price  holdback  and  contingent  consideration  due  to  be  paid  pursuant  to  the  purchase 
agreement related to the June 3, 2019 acquisition of the business of GenePOC are set forth in Note 2, “Acquisition 
of Business of GenePOC” of the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 
We do not utilize special-purpose financing vehicles or have undisclosed off-balance sheet arrangements. 

Market Risk Exposure: 

Foreign Currency Risk 
We have  market risk exposure related to foreign currency  transactions  from our operations outside the United 
States,  as  well  as  certain  suppliers  to  our  domestic  businesses  located  outside  the  United  States.    The  foreign 
currencies where we have market risk exposure are the Australian dollar, British pound, Canadian dollar, Chinese 
yuan and Euro.  Assessing foreign currency exposures is a component of our overall ongoing risk management 
process, with such currency risks managed as we deem appropriate.    

Concentration of Customers/Products Risk 
Our Diagnostics segment’s revenues from sales through two U.S.  distributors were 26% of the segment’s total 
revenues  or  18%  of  consolidated  revenues  for  fiscal  2019.  Additionally,  our  three  major  product  families  – 
gastrointestinal, respiratory illnesses and blood chemistry – accounted for 84% of our Diagnostics segment’s third-
party revenues during fiscal 2019, and 57% of our fiscal 2019 consolidated revenues.  

Our Life Science segment’s revenues from sales of purified antigens and reagents to two diagnostics manufacturing 
customers  were  24%  of  the  segment’s  total  revenues  for  fiscal  2019,  and  8%  of  our  fiscal  2019  consolidated 
revenues.   

Critical Accounting Policies: 
The  consolidated  financial  statements  included  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  have  been  prepared  in 
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.  Such accounting principles require 
management  to  make  judgments  about  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets, 

- 32 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
liabilities,  revenues,  expenses  and  related  disclosures.    Listed  below  are  the  accounting  policies  management 
believes to be critical to understanding the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements, along with reference 
to  location  of  the  policy  discussion  within  the  accompanying  financial  statements.  The  listed  policies  are 
considered critical due to the  fact that application of such polices requires the use of significant estimates and 
assumptions, and the carrying values of related assets and liabilities are material. 

                Location 
     Within Consolidated   

Accounting Policy                 Financial Statements         Examples of Key Estimate Assumptions 
Inventories                              Note 1(f) 

                     Slow-moving, excess & obsolete inventories 

Intangible Assets                    Note 1(h) 

                     Triggering events and impairment conditions 

Revenue Recognition             Note 1(i) 

                     Distributor price adjustments and fee  
                     accruals 

Fair Value Measurements      Note 1(j)                               Valuation of contingent consideration 

Income Taxes                         Note 1(l) and Note 6            Uncertain tax positions and state  

                     apportionment factors 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements: 
A  description  of  accounting  pronouncements  recently  adopted  by  the  Company,  as  well  as  accounting 
pronouncements  issued  but  not  yet  adopted  by  the  Company,  are  set  forth  in  Note  1(q)  of  the  accompanying 
Consolidated Financial Statements. 

ITEM 7A. 

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 

See Market Risk Exposure and Capital Resources under Item 7 above beginning on page 24. 

- 33 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 8. 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 

35 

36 

41 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 

42 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2019 and 2018 

43 

44 

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 

46 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  

Schedule No. II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 

   2017 

47 

74 

All other supplemental schedules are omitted due to the absence of conditions under which they are required or 
because the information is shown in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto. 

- 34 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as 
defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f).   

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to 
the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions 
of  the  assets  of  the  Company;  (ii)  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to 
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that 
receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management 
and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of 
unauthorized  acquisition,  use  or  disposition  of  the  Company’s  assets  that  could  have  a  material  effect  on  the 
financial statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting can only provide reasonable assurance 
and may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods 
are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of 
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and 
the Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial 
reporting as of September 30, 2019, based on the framework and criteria in the 2013 Internal Control – Integrated 
Framework,  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (“COSO”).  
Based on management’s evaluation and those criteria, the Company concluded that its system of internal control 
over financial reporting was effective as of September 30, 2019.  The Company’s assessment of and conclusion 
on the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting did not include the internal controls of Meridian 
Bioscience Canada, Inc. (“GenePOC”), which was acquired during fiscal 2019 and the results of which since the 
date of acquisition were included in the 2019 consolidated financial statements.  GenePOC constituted $9,250 or 
2.84% of the Company’s total assets as of September 30, 2019, and $75 or 0.04% of total net revenues, for the 
year ended September 30, 2019.   

The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm has issued an attestation report on the registrant’s 
internal control over financial reporting. 

/s/ Jack Kenny 
Jack Kenny 
Chief Executive Officer 
November 26, 2019 

/s/ Bryan T. Baldasare 
Bryan T. Baldasare 
Executive Vice President and 
Chief Financial Officer  
November 26, 2019 

- 35 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

Board of Directors and Shareholders 
Meridian Bioscience, Inc.  

Opinion on the financial statements  
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Meridian Bioscience Inc. (an Ohio corporation) 
and  subsidiaries  (the  “Company”)  as  of  September  30,  2019  and  2018,  the  related  consolidated  statements  of 
operations, comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period 
ended September 30, 2019, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing 
under  Schedule  No.  II  (collectively  referred  to  as  the  “financial  statements”).  In  our  opinion,  the  financial 
statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2019 
and  2018,  and  the  results  of  its  operations  and  its  cash  flows  for  each  of  the  three  years  in  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2019, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board 
(United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2019, 
based on criteria established in the 2013  Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of 
Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (“COSO”),  and  our  report  dated  November  26,  2019 
expressed an unqualified opinion. 

Basis for opinion  
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express 
an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered 
with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. 
federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and 
the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan 
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material 
misstatement,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud.  Our  audits  included  performing  procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of 
material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that 
respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and 
disclosures  in  the  financial  statements.  Our  audits  also  included  evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and 
significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall  presentation  of  the  financial 
statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Critical audit matters  
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial 
statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to 
accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, 
subjective,  or  complex  judgments.  The  communication  of  critical  audit  matters  does  not  alter  in  any  way  our 
opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters 
below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they 
relate. 

Distributor price adjustment accrual (rebate reserve) 
As described further in Note 1(i) to the consolidated financial statements, revenue is reduced at the date of sale for 
product  price  adjustments  for  certain  distributors  under  local  contracts.  Management  estimates  accruals  for 
distributor price adjustments based on local contract terms, sales data provided by distributors, historical statistics, 
current trends and other factors.  The balance of the accrual was $3.4 million at September 30, 2019. We identified 
the distributor price adjustment accrual (referred to as the rebate reserve) as a critical audit matter. 

- 36 - 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
The principal consideration for our determination that the rebate reserve is a critical audit matter is the high degree 
of auditor subjectivity necessary in evaluating certain inputs and assumptions made by management in estimating 
the amount of the rebate reserve. The nature of audit evidence includes unobservable inputs and assumptions used 
by management in the estimate, and reliance on a customized sales report by product line. The reserve has a high 
degree of estimation uncertainty given management’s judgments used to determine the reserve, specifically the 
use of key assumptions such as average selling price, purchasing trends of distributors and historical product sales 
and product volume data used to predict future sales and volume levels. 

Our audit procedures related to the rebate reserve included the following, among others.  

(cid:120)  We tested the design and operating effectiveness of controls relating to management’s calculation and 
review of the reserve which included verifying the completeness of the input data, mathematical accuracy 
of the calculation and evaluating the reasonableness of key assumptions used in the calculation. 

(cid:120)  We tested the reserve calculation prepared by management by performing specific procedures on the key 
inputs and assumptions such as the monthly sales volume, validity of distributor agreements and applied 
reserve percentage. The procedures performed are as follows: 

o  We tested the completeness and accuracy of the historical sales (including average selling price) 
and volume report used in the calculation of the reserve by agreeing total sales to accounting 
records and tracing a sample of individual sales to supporting audit evidence, such as purchase 
orders, shipping documents and invoices. 

o  We  evaluated  the  existence  and  validity  of  distributor  agreements  by  obtaining  a  sample  of 
issued credit memos and executed distributor agreements to test compliance with the stated terms 
in the corresponding agreements. 

o  We analyzed year over year trends in the reserve in comparison with revenue trends to further 

evaluate reasonableness of the estimate and consistency with expectations.   

Valuation of intangible assets and contingent consideration   
As described  in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company completed an acquisition  which 
resulted in goodwill of $35.1 million, intangible assets of $40.4 million, and contingent consideration of $27.2 
million. The determination of the fair value of the intangible assets acquired and contingent consideration required 
management,  with the help of a third-party valuation specialist, to make significant estimates and assumptions 
including the assumed sales growth rate, margin percentages, economic life and discount rate. We identified the 
valuation of intangible assets and contingent consideration as a critical audit matter. 

The  principal  consideration  for  our  determination  that  the  valuation  of  intangible  assets  and  contingent 
consideration associated with the acquisition is a critical audit matter is the subjective auditor judgment required 
in  evaluating  the  inputs  and  assumptions  used  by  management  in determining  fair  value. The  valuation  of  the 
intangible  assets  and  contingent  consideration  are  subject  to  higher  estimation  uncertainty  due  to  management 
judgments  in  determining  key  assumptions  that  include  the  assumed  sales  growth  rate,  margin  percentages, 
economic life and discount rate. Changes in these significant assumptions could have a significant impact on the 
fair value of the intangible assets and contingent consideration. 

Our  audit  procedures  related  to  the  valuation  of  intangible  assets  and  contingent  consideration  included  the 
following, among others.  

(cid:120)  We tested the design and operating effectiveness of controls relating to the valuation report and allocation 
of purchase price which included management’s review of the valuation report for the completeness and 
mathematical  accuracy  of  the  data,  and  evaluating  the  reasonableness  of  assumptions  used  in  the 
calculation such as economic life and discount rate. 

(cid:120)  We utilized a valuation specialist to assist in evaluating the appropriateness of the Company’s valuation 
models developed for acquired assets and evaluating the reasonableness of significant assumptions used 
including the assumed sales growth rate, margin percentages, economic life and discount rate as compared 
to industry/market data. 

- 37 - 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(cid:120)  We evaluated whether the assumptions used were reasonable by considering past performance of similar 
technological  assets,  industry  data,  current  market  forecasts,  and  whether  such  assumptions  were 
consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. 

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2005. 

Cincinnati, Ohio 
November 26, 2019 

- 38 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

Board of Directors and Shareholders 
Meridian Bioscience, Inc.  

Opinion on internal control over financial reporting 
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Meridian Bioscience, Inc. (an Ohio corporation) 
and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of September 30, 2019, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal 
Control—Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway 
Commission (“COSO”). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control 
over financial reporting as of September 30, 2019, based on criteria established in the 2013  Internal Control—
Integrated Framework issued by COSO.  

We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board 
(United States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended 
September 30, 2019, and our report dated November 26, 2019 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial 
statements. 

Basis for opinion 
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and 
for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying 
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting (“Management’s Report”). Our responsibility 
is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a 
public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company 
in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and 
Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.  

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting 
was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over 
financial  reporting,  assessing  the  risk  that  a  material  weakness  exists,  testing  and  evaluating  the  design  and 
operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we 
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Our audit of, and opinion on, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting does not include the internal 
control over financial reporting of Meridian Bioscience Canada, Inc. (“GenePOC”), a wholly-owned subsidiary, 
whose financial statements reflect total assets and revenues constituting 2.84 and 0.04 percent, respectively, of the 
related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended September 30, 2019. As indicated 
in Management’s Report, GenePOC was acquired during fiscal 2019. Management’s assertion on the effectiveness 
of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting excluded internal control over financial reporting of 
GenePOC. 

Definition and limitations of internal control over financial reporting 
A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance 
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting 
includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, 
accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable 
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made 
only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable 
assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely  detection  of  unauthorized  acquisition,  use,  or  disposition  of  the 
company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. 

- 39 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect 
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that 
controls  may  become  inadequate  because  of  changes  in  conditions,  or  that  the  degree  of  compliance  with  the 
policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP  

Cincinnati, Ohio 
November 26, 2019 

- 40 - 

 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (in thousands, except per share data) 
Meridian Bioscience, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
For the Year Ended September 30, 

2018 

2019 

Net Revenues 
Cost of Sales 

Gross Profit  

Operating Expenses: 
  Research and development 
  Selling and marketing 
  General and administrative 
  Acquisition-related costs 
  Restructuring costs 
  Selected legal costs 
   Goodwill impairment charge 
      Total operating expenses 

Operating Income 

Other Income (Expense): 
   Interest income 
   Interest expense 
   Other, net 

      Total other expense 

$ 

 201,014     $ 
 82,689    

 213,571   $
 82,874  

 118,325    

 130,697  

 17,948    
 28,446    
 33,002    
 1,808    
 2,839    
 1,583    
 -    
 85,626    

 16,789  
 34,468  
 34,805  
 -  
 8,706  
 4,345  
 -  
 99,113  

2017 

 200,771 
 76,479 

 124,292 

 16,036 
 32,388 
 31,096 
- 
 134 
 628 
 6,628 
 86,910 

 32,699    

 31,584  

 37,382 

 681    
 (1,945)   
 122    

 (1,142)   

 418  
 (1,520) 
 (102) 

 (1,204) 

 171 
 (1,642)
 518 

 (953)

Earnings Before Income Taxes 

 31,557    

 30,380  

 36,429 

Income Tax Provision 

 7,175    

 6,531  

 14,872 

Net Earnings 

$ 

 24,382     $ 

 23,849   $

 21,557 

Earnings Per Share Data: 
   Basic earnings per common share 
   Diluted earnings per common share 

$ 
$ 

 0.57     $ 
 0.57     $ 

 0.56   $
 0.56   $

 0.51 
 0.51 

  Common shares used for basic earnings per common share 
  Effect of dilutive stock options and restricted share units 

  Common shares used for diluted earnings per common share 

 42,571    
 328    

 42,899    

 42,325  
 429  

 42,754  

 42,188 
 383 

 42,571 

Dividends declared per common share 

$ 

 0.250     $ 

 0.500   $

 0.575 

Anti-dilutive Securities: 
  Common share options and restricted share units 

 1,129    

 1,007  

 873 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.   

- 41 - 

 
 
     
     
  
        
  
     
     
 
  
  
     
  
     
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
  
   
 
 
  
 
 
  
   
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (dollar amounts in thousands) 
Meridian Bioscience, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
For the Year Ended September 30, 

2018 

2017 

2019 

Net Earnings 
Other comprehensive income (loss): 
  Foreign currency translation adjustment 
  Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedge 
  Amortization of gain on cash flow hedge 
  Income taxes related to items of other comprehensive income 
    Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 
Comprehensive Income 

$ 

 24,382     $ 

 23,849   $

 21,557 

 (802)   
 (1,159)   
 (102)   
 465    
 (1,598)   
 22,784     $ 

 (1,075) 
 907  
        -  
 (263) 
 (431) 
 23,418   $

 1,616 
 1,544 
 - 
 (590)
 2,570 
 24,127 

$ 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.   

- 42 - 

 
 
     
     
  
        
  
     
     
 
  
  
     
  
     
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (dollar amounts in thousands) 
Meridian Bioscience, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
For the Year Ended September 30, 

2018 

2019 

2017 

Cash Flows From Operating Activities 
  Net earnings 
  Non-cash items included in net earnings: 
     Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
     Amortization of intangible assets 
     Amortization of deferred instrument costs 
     Stock-based compensation 
     Goodwill impairment charge 
     Deferred income taxes 
     Losses on dispositions of long-lived assets 
  Change in the following, net of acquisition: 
     Accounts receivable 
     Inventories 
      Prepaid expenses and other current assets 
      Accounts payable and accrued expenses 
      Income taxes payable 
   Other, net 
         Net cash provided by operating activities 

Cash Flows From Investing Activities 
   Purchase of property, plant and equipment 
   Disposals of property, plant and equipment 
   Acquisition of GenePOC business 

         Net cash used for investing activities 

Cash Flows From Financing Activities 
   Dividends paid 
   Proceeds from revolving credit facility 
   Payment of debt issuance costs 
  Payments on term loan 
  Proceeds and tax benefits from exercises of stock options 
  Payment of acquisition consideration 

$ 

 24,382    $ 

 23,849   $ 

 21,557 

 5,433      
 4,531      
 -      
 3,251      
 -      
 (817)     
 632      

 (2,314)     
 3,841      
 (2,044)     
 (2,315)     
 1,793      
 (542)     
 35,831      

 (3,797)     
 669      
 (45,324)     

 (48,452)     

 (10,612)     
 75,824      
 (489)     
 (50,250)     
 787      
 -      

 4,491     
 3,433     
 764     
 3,402     
 -     
 (300)    
 -     

 (4,447)    
 (1,142)    
 323     
 4,124     
 (524)    
 810     
 34,783     

 (4,201)    
 -     
 -     
 (4,201)    

 4,342 
 3,776 
 972 
 3,381 
 6,628 
 1,474 
 - 

 (1,211)
 3,467 
 1,225 
 (3,151)
 (384)
 (721)
 41,355 

 (4,467)
 - 
 - 

 (4,467)

 (21,170)    
 -     
 -     
 (4,500)    
 187     
 (2,110)    

 (24,266)
 - 
 - 
 (3,750)
 303 
 - 

        Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities 

 15,260      

 (27,593)    

 (27,713)

Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and Equivalents 
   and Restricted Cash 
Net Increase in Cash and Equivalents and Restricted  
   Cash 
Cash and Equivalents and Restricted Cash at Beginning 
  of Period 
Cash and Equivalents and Restricted Cash at End of  
  of Period 
Cash and Equivalents 
Restricted Cash 
Cash and Equivalents and Restricted Cash at End of Period 

(1,005) 

 (298) 

671 

1,634  

2,691  

9,846 

60,763  

58,072  

48,226 

$ 
$ 

$ 

$ 
62,397  
 62,397    $ 
 -     
 62,397    $ 

60,763  
$ 
 59,763   $ 
 1,000    
 60,763   $ 

58,072 
 57,072 
 1,000 
 58,072 

Supplemental Cash Flow Information:  See Notes 1(g), 2, 5 and 6. 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

- 43 - 

 
 
  
    
    
  
     
    
  
     
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
    
  
  
  
  
  
     
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
   
 
  
  
 
   
 
  
  
 
   
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
     
    
 
  
 
    
   
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (dollar amounts in thousands) 
Meridian Bioscience, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
As of September 30, 

2019  

2018  

Assets 
Current Assets: 
  Cash and equivalents 
  Accounts receivable, less allowances of $537 and $310, respectively 
  Inventories 
  Prepaid expenses and other current assets 
     Total current assets 

$ 

 62,397     $ 
 35,608       
 39,617       
 7,139       
 144,761       

 59,763 
 32,336 
 41,993 
 4,961 
 139,053 

Property, Plant and Equipment, at Cost: 
  Land 
  Buildings and improvements 
  Machinery, equipment and furniture 
  Construction in progress 
   Subtotal 
   Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization 
      Net property, plant and equipment 

Other Assets: 
   Goodwill 
   Other intangible assets, net 
   Restricted cash 
   Deferred instrument costs, net 
   Fair value of interest rate swap 
   Deferred income taxes 
   Other assets 
      Total other assets 

 982       
 31,904       
 64,155       
 522       
 97,563       
 66,996       
 30,567       

 89,241       
 60,243       
 -       
 -       
 -       
 156       
 510       
 150,150       

 1,160 
 32,444 
 50,606 
 1,631 
 85,841 
 55,846 
 29,995 

 54,637 
 23,113 
 1,000 
 1,239 
 1,722 
 130 
 488 
 82,329 

      Total assets  

$ 

 325,478     $ 

 251,377 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

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CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (dollar amounts in thousands) 
Meridian Bioscience, Inc. and Subsidiaries 
As of September 30, 

2019  

2018  

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity 
Current Liabilities: 
  Accounts payable 
  Accrued employee compensation costs 
  Other accrued expenses 
  Current portion of long-term debt 
  Income taxes payable 
     Total current liabilities 

Non-Current Liabilities: 
  Acquisition consideration 
  Post-employment benefits 
   Long-term debt 
   Long-term income taxes payable 
   Deferred income taxes 
      Total non-current liabilities 

Commitments and Contingencies 

$ 

 7,238   $ 
 7,938  
 3,758  
 -  
 1,980  
 20,914  

 32,202  
 2,500  
 75,824  
 549  
 2,522  
 113,597  

 6,260 
 9,195 
 3,133 
 5,250 
 335 
 24,173 

 - 
 2,646 
 44,930 
 441 
 3,769 
 51,786 

Shareholders’ Equity: 
   Preferred stock, no par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued  
   Common shares, no par value; 71,000,000 shares authorized, 42,712,296  
      and 42,399,962 issued, respectively 
   Additional paid-in capital 
   Retained earnings 
   Accumulated other comprehensive loss 
      Total shareholders’ equity 

- 

-

- 
 132,834  
 63,108  
 (4,975) 
 190,967  

-
 129,193 
 49,602 
 (3,377)
 175,418 

      Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity  

$ 

 325,478   $ 

 251,377 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data) 
Meridian Bioscience, Inc. and Subsidiaries 

Balance at September 30, 2016 

 42,107     $ 

 122,356     $ 

 49,632    $ 

 (5,516)  

   $ 

Common 
Shares 
Issued 

Additional 
Paid-in 
Capital 

Retained 
Earnings 

Accum Other 
Comp 
Income 
(Loss) 

 -  

 (24,266)

Cash dividends paid - $0.575 per share 

Conversion of restricted share units and 

    exercise of stock options 

Stock compensation expense 

Net earnings 

Foreign currency translation adjustment 

Hedging activity, net of tax 

 -  

 100  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 (129) 

 3,381  

 -  

 -  

 -  

Balance at September 30, 2017 

 42,207    

 125,608    

Cash dividends paid - $0.500 per share 

Conversion of restricted share units and 

    exercise of stock options 

Stock compensation expense 

Net earnings 

Foreign currency translation adjustment 

Hedging activity, net of tax 

 -  

 193  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 183  

 3,402  

 -  

 -  

 -  

Balance at September 30, 2018 

 42,400    

 129,193    

Cash dividends paid - $0.250 per share 

Conversion of restricted share units and 

    exercise of stock options 

Stock compensation expense 

Net earnings 

Foreign currency translation adjustment 

Hedging activity, net of tax 

Adoption of ASU 2014-09 

Adoption of ASU 2018-02 

 -  

 312  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 390  

 3,251  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 - 

 - 

 21,557 

 - 

 - 

 46,923   

 (21,170)

 - 

 - 

 23,849 

 - 

 - 

 49,602   

 (10,612)

 - 

 - 

 24,382 

 - 

 - 

 (116)

 (148)

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 1,616 

 954 

 (2,946)  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 (1,075)

 644 

 (3,377)  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 (802)

 (944)

 - 

 148 

Total 
 166,472 

 (24,266)

 (129)

 3,381 

 21,557 

 1,616 

 954 

 169,585 

 (21,170)

 183 

 3,402 

 23,849 

 (1,075)

 644 

 175,418 

 (10,612)

 390 

 3,251 

 24,382 

 (802)

 (944)

 (116)

 - 

Balance at September 30, 2019 

 42,712     $ 

 132,834     $ 

 63,108    $ 

 (4,975)  

   $ 

 190,967 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Meridian Bioscience, Inc. and Subsidiaries 

(dollar and share amounts in thousands, except per share data) 

(1)  

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

(a)  Nature of Business - Meridian is a fully-integrated life science company whose principal businesses are: (i) 
the  development,  manufacture  and  distribution  of  clinical  diagnostic  test  kits  primarily  for  certain 
gastrointestinal and respiratory infectious diseases, and elevated blood lead levels; and (ii) the manufacture 
and distribution of bulk antigens, antibodies, PCR/qPCR reagents, nucleotides, and bioresearch reagents used 
by other diagnostic manufacturers and researchers. 

(b)  Principles  of  Consolidation  -  The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  Meridian 
Bioscience, Inc. and its subsidiaries.  All intercompany accounts and transactions have  been eliminated in 
consolidation.   Unless the context requires otherwise, references to “Meridian,” “we,” “us,”  “our” or “our 
company” refer to Meridian Bioscience, Inc. and its subsidiaries. 

(c)  Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting 
principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets 
and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the 
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those 
estimates.   

(d)  Foreign Currency Translation - Assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated using year-end 
exchange  rates  with  gains  or  losses  resulting  from  translation  included  as  a  separate  component  of 
accumulated other comprehensive income or loss.  Revenues and expenses are translated using exchange rates 
prevailing during the year.  We also recognize foreign currency transaction gains and losses on certain assets 
and liabilities that are denominated in the Australian dollar, British pound, Canadian dollar, Chinese yuan and 
Euro  currencies.    These  gains  and  losses  are  included  in  other  income  and  expense  in  the  accompanying 
Consolidated Statements of Operations.  

(e)  Cash,  Cash  Equivalents  and  Investments  -  The  primary  objectives  of  our  investment  activities  are  to 
preserve capital and provide sufficient liquidity to meet operating requirements and fund strategic initiatives 
such  as  acquisitions.    We  maintain  a  written  investment  policy  that  governs  the  management  of  our 
investments in fixed income securities.  This policy, among other things, provides that we may purchase only 
high credit-quality securities that have short-term ratings of at least A-2, P-2 and F-2, and long-term ratings 
of at least A, Baa1 and A, by Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s and Fitch, respectively, at the time of purchase.  
We  consider  short-term  investments  with  original  maturities  of  90  days  or  less  to  be  cash  equivalents, 
including institutional money market funds.  At times our investments of cash and equivalents with various 
high credit quality financial institutions may be in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) 
insurance limit.   

Our investment portfolio includes the following components: 

Institutional money market funds 
Cash on hand – 
  Restricted 
  Unrestricted 
Total 

September 30, 2019 

September 30, 2018 

  Cash and 
Equivalents    

$ 

 20,913  

  $ 

Other 

 -  
 41,484  

$ 

62,397  

  $ 

  Cash and 
Equivalents 
 20,421  

  $ 

Other 

$

 - 

 -  
 39,342  

  $ 

 59,763  

$

 1,000 
 - 

 1,000 

 -  

 -  
 -  

 -  

- 47 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
(f)  Inventories - Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market.  Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out 
(FIFO)  basis.    Testing  instruments  are  carried  in  inventory  until  they  are  sold  outright  or  placed  with  a 
customer under the customer reagent rental program, at which time they are transferred to property, plant and 
equipment. 

We  establish  reserves  against  cost  for  excess  and  obsolete  materials,  finished  goods  whose  shelf  life  may 
expire before sale to customers, and other identified exposures.  Such reserves were $2,285 and $1,971 at 
September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  We estimate these reserves based on assumptions about future 
demand and market conditions.  If actual demand and market conditions were to be less favorable than such 
estimates,  additional  inventory  write-downs  would  be  required  and  recorded  in  the  period  known.    Such 
adjustments would negatively affect gross profit margin and overall results of operations. 

(g)  Property, Plant and Equipment - Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost.  Upon retirement or other 
disposition, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the resulting 
gain  or  loss  is  reflected  in  earnings.    Maintenance  and  repairs  are  expensed  as  incurred.    Depreciation  is 
computed on the  straight-line  method in amounts sufficient to  write-off the cost over the  estimated  useful 
lives, generally as follows: 

Buildings and improvements - 18 to 40 years 
Leasehold improvements - life of the lease 
Machinery, equipment and furniture - 3 to 10 years 
Computer equipment and software - 3 to 5 years 
Instruments under customer reagent rental arrangements - 5 years 

Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Non-Cash Capital Expenditures) 
Additions to property, plant and equipment for which cash remained unpaid at fiscal year-end totaled $108, 
$294 and $394 in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. 

(h)  Intangible Assets - Goodwill is subject to an annual impairment review (or more frequently if impairment 
indicators arise) at the reporting unit level, which we perform annually as of June 30, the end of our third 
fiscal quarter.  A reporting unit is generally an operating segment or one level below an operating segment 
that  constitutes  a  business  for  which  discrete  financial  information  is  available  and  regularly  reviewed  by 
segment management.  Following the fiscal 2018 restructuring and consolidation of separately-run businesses 
into two integrated global business units (see Note 3), at September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, we had 
two  reporting  units  (Diagnostics  and  Life  Science),  both  of  which  contained  goodwill.    We  review  our 
reporting  unit  structure  annually,  or  more  frequently  if  facts  and  circumstances  warrant.  Goodwill  is 
considered impaired if the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value.  We have no intangible 
assets with indefinite lives other than goodwill. 

During  fiscal  2019  and  fiscal  2018,  we  performed  quantitative  assessments  as  of  June  30  for  each  of  our 
Diagnostics and Life Science reporting units.  As part of this assessment, fair value, as determined through a 
valuation  performed  by  a  third  party,  was  calculated  via  both  market  (comparable  company)  and  income 
(discounted  cash  flows)  approaches.    Based  upon  these  approaches,  the  fair  value  of  each  reporting  unit 
exceeded its carrying value; therefore, each of the Diagnostics and Life Science reporting units satisfied the 
quantitative assessment for each of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018.     

Similarly,  during  fiscal  2017,  we  performed  quantitative  assessments  as  of  June  30,  2017  for  each  of  our 
Americas  Diagnostics,  Bioline  and  Life  Science-U.S.  reporting  units  that  existed  at  that  time,  noting  the 
separate Magellan discussion below.  As part of this assessment, fair value, as determined through a valuation 
performed by a third party, was calculated via both market (comparable company) and income (discounted 
cash  flows)  approaches.    Based  upon  these  approaches,  the  fair  value  of  each  reporting  unit  exceeded  its 
carrying value; therefore, each of the Americas Diagnostics, Bioline and Life Science-U.S. reporting units 
satisfied the quantitative assessment for fiscal 2017. 

During the quarter ended June 30, 2017, the events described below occurred, indicating that impairment of 
the goodwill recorded as part of the Magellan acquisition had occurred.   

- 48 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
On May 17, 2017, the FDA issued a field safety notice advising customers to discontinue use of Magellan’s 
lead  testing  systems  with  venous  blood  samples.    This  field  safety  notice  was  followed  by  product  recall 
notices on May 25th and June 5th.  Subsequent to the issuances of these field safety and product recall notices, 
the  FDA  completed  an  inspection  of  Magellan’s  quality  system,  and  issued  its  Form  483,  Inspectional 
Observations, on June 29, 2017, which was expectedly followed by a Warning Letter issued on October 23, 
2017.  The Warning Letter requires periodic reporting on our remediation progress. 

In light of these factors and their impacts, during  the third quarter of  fiscal 2017, it was determined that a 
potential impairment of goodwill recorded in connection with the acquisition of Magellan had occurred (i.e., 
a  “triggering  event”).    With  the  assistance  of  an  independent  valuation  firm,  Magellan’s  fair  value  was 
calculated via both market (comparable company) and income (discounted cash flows) approaches.  Based 
upon these approaches, it was determined that the carrying value of the Magellan reporting unit did, in fact, 
exceed its fair value.  As a result, an impairment charge of $6,628, on both a pre-tax and after-tax basis, was 
recorded  during  the  third  quarter  and  is  reflected  as  a  separate  operating  expense  line  item  within  the 
accompanying  Consolidated  Statement  of  Operations  for  the  year  ended  September  30,  2017.    This 
quantitative  assessment  as  of  May  31,  2017  was  supplemented  by  a  qualitative  assessment  of  Magellan’s 
goodwill as of June 30, 2017, with such assessment indicating that no additional impairment existed. 

During  fiscal  2019,  goodwill  increased  $34,604,  reflecting  the  addition  of  $34,582  in  connection  with  the 
acquisition of the GenePOC business, a $599 increase from the currency translation adjustments thereon and 
a $577 decrease from currency translation adjustments on the goodwill of the Life Science reporting unit.  The 
decrease of $289 in fiscal 2018 resulted solely from currency translation adjustments on the goodwill of the 
Life Science reporting unit.       

A summary of Meridian’s acquired intangible assets subject to amortization,  as of September 30, 2019 and 
2018 is as follows. 

As of September 30, 

   Manufacturing technologies, core 

  products and cell lines 
Tradenames, licenses and patents 
Customer lists, customer relationships 
  and supply agreements 
Government grants 

2019  

2018  

   Gross 

Carrying 
Value 

   Gross 
Carrying 
Value 

Accum. 
Amort. 

Accum. 
Amort. 

  $ 

 56,193    $ 
 14,494   

 15,096    $ 
 6,094   

 22,297    $   13,974 
 5,267 

 8,647   

 24,274   
 814   
 95,775    $ 

 14,110   
 232   
 35,532    $ 

 24,461   
 -   

    13,051 
 - 
 55,405    $   32,292 

  $ 

The  actual  aggregate  amortization  expense  for  these  intangible  assets  for  fiscal  2019,  2018  and 2017  was 
$4,531, $3,433 and $3,776, respectively.  The estimated aggregate amortization expense for these intangible 
assets for each of the five succeeding fiscal years is as follows:  fiscal 2020 - $6,684, fiscal 2021 - $5,490, 
fiscal 2022 - $5,113, fiscal 2023 - $5,100 and fiscal 2024 - $5,096. 

Long-lived assets, excluding goodwill, are reviewed for impairment when events or circumstances indicate 
that such assets may not be recoverable at their carrying value.  Whether an event or circumstance triggers an 
impairment  is  determined  by  comparing  an  estimate  of  the  asset’s  future  undiscounted  cash  flows  to  its 
carrying value.  If impairment has occurred, it is measured by a fair-value based calculation.   

Our ability to recover the carrying value of our intangible assets, both identifiable intangibles and goodwill, 
is dependent upon the future cash flows of the related acquired businesses and assets.  We make judgments 
and assumptions regarding future cash flows, including sales levels, gross profit margins, operating expense 
levels,  working  capital levels, and capital expenditures.   With respect to identifiable intangibles and  fixed 
assets, we also make judgments and assumptions regarding useful lives. 

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We  consider  the  following  factors  in  evaluating  events  and  circumstances  for  possible  impairment:  (i) 
significant under-performance relative to historical or projected operating results; (ii) negative industry trends; 
(iii) sales levels of specific groups of products (related to specific identifiable intangibles); (iv) changes in 
overall business strategies; and (v) other factors. 

If actual cash flows are less favorable than projections, this could trigger impairment of intangible assets and 
other long-lived assets.  If impairment were to occur, this would negatively affect overall results of operations. 
Aside from the Magellan matter noted above, no triggering events have been identified by the Company for 
fiscal 2019, 2018 or 2017. 

(i)  Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable -   

Adoption of New Standard 
On  October  1,  2018,  we  adopted  ASU  No.  2014-09,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers,  using  the 
modified retrospective transition method applied to those contracts that were not completed as of that date.  
Results for reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 2018 are presented under the new guidance, 
while  prior  period  amounts  are  not  adjusted  and  continue  to  be  reported  in  accordance  with  previously 
applicable guidance.  

Upon adoption, we recorded a reduction of $116 to the opening balance of retained earnings as of October 1, 
2018.  This adjustment is related to writing off the book value of clinical diagnostic testing instruments located 
at customers for which there is no contractual arrangement for the instrument to be returned to the Company.  
Instruments  placed  with  customers  under  an  agreement  to  return  the  instrument  to  the  Company  were 
reclassified to machinery and equipment.  Prior to adoption of the new guidance, all instruments placed with 
customers were capitalized and amortized over an estimated three-year utilization period, with the net balance 
reflected as deferred instrument costs. 

The following table summarizes the impact of the new revenue standard on our opening balance sheet: 

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 
   Machinery, equipment and furniture 
   Accumulated depreciation and amortization 
OTHER ASSETS 
   Deferred instrument costs, net 
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES 
   Deferred income taxes 
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 
   Retained earnings 

Balance at 
September 30, 
2018  

New 
Revenue 
Standard 
Adjustment  

Balance at 
October 1, 
2018  

 $         50,606   
 (55,846)  

 $       8,696   
 (7,611)  

 $       59,302  
 (63,457) 

 1,239   

(1,239)  

- 

 (3,769)  

 (49,602)  

 38   

 116   

 (3,731) 

 (49,486) 

The adoption of this  new standard had an immaterial impact on our reported total revenues and operating 
income, as compared to what would have been reported under the  prior standard.  Our accounting policies 
under the new standard were applied prospectively and are noted below following the discussion of Revenue 
Disaggregation. 

- 50 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue Disaggregation 
The following tables present our revenues disaggregated by major geographic region, major product platform 
and disease state (Diagnostics only): 

Revenue by Reportable Segment & Geographic Region  

2019 vs. 
2018 

2018 vs. 
2017 

2019  

2018  

2017  

Inc (Dec)    Inc (Dec) 

Diagnostics- 
    Americas 
    EMEA 
    ROW 
      Total Diagnostics 

  $ 

 $ 

 110,135  
 23,865  
 2,682  
 136,682  

 $ 

 123,916  
 23,922  
 2,616  
 150,454  

 117,161  
 22,594  
 3,766  
 143,521  

Life Science- 
    Americas 
     EMEA 
     ROW 
       Total Life Science 
         Consolidated 

  $ 

 19,443  
 29,157  
 15,732  
 64,332  
 201,014  

 $ 

 21,080  
 24,715  
 17,322  
 63,117  
 213,571  

 $ 

 20,265  
 22,365  
 14,620  
 57,250  
 200,771  

(11)% 
- % 
 3 % 
(9)% 

(8)% 
 18 % 
(9)% 
 2 % 
(6)% 

 6 % 
 6 % 
(31)% 
 5 % 

 4 % 
 11 % 
 18 % 
 10 % 
 6 % 

Revenue by Product Platform/Type 

2019  

2018  

2017  

Inc (Dec)    Inc (Dec) 

2019 vs. 
2018 

2018 vs. 
2017 

   $ 

 26,231  

 $ 

 33,709  

$ 

 33,712 

(22) % 

- % 

 116,745  
 150,454  

 24,533  
 38,584  
 63,117  

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 109,809 
 143,521 

 21,966 
 35,284 
 57,250 

$ 

$ 

$ 

% 
(5) 
(9) % 

(5) % 
 6  % 
 2  % 

 6 % 
 5 % 

 12 % 
 9 % 
 10 % 

Diagnostics- 
     Molecular assays 
     Immunoassays & blood  
       chemistry assays 
      Total Diagnostics 

 110,451  
 136,682  

   $ 

Life Science- 
     Molecular reagents 
     Immunological reagents 
       Total Life Science 

   $ 

   $ 

 23,261  
 41,071  
 64,332  

Revenue by Disease State (Diagnostics only) 

2019 vs. 
2018 

2018 vs. 
2017 

2019  

2018  

2017  

Inc (Dec)    Inc (Dec) 

Diagnostics- 
    Gastrointestinal assays 
    Respiratory illness assays 
     Blood chemistry assays 
    Other 
      Total Diagnostics 

   $ 

   $ 

 68,977  
 26,622  
 19,082  
 22,001  
 136,682  

 $ 

 $ 

 78,803  
 28,911  
 19,109  
 23,631  
 150,454  

$ 

$ 

 79,022 
 23,881 
 18,212 
 22,406 
 143,521 

(12) % 
(8) % 
-  % 
(7) % 
(9) % 

- % 
 21 % 
 5 % 
 5 % 
 5 % 

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Revenue Policies 

Product Sales  
Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect 
to receive in exchange for products when obligations under such contracts are satisfied.  Revenue is generally 
recognized at a point-in-time when products are shipped and title has passed to the customer.  Such contracts 
can  include  various  combinations  of  products  that  are  generally  accounted  for  as  distinct  performance 
obligations. 

Revenue  is  reduced  in  the  period  of  sale  for  fees  paid  to  distributors,  which  are  inseparable  from  the 
distributor’s purchase of our product and for which we receive no goods or services in return.  Revenue for 
the  Diagnostics  segment  is  reduced  at  the  date  of  sale  for  product  price  adjustments  payable  to  certain 
distributors under local contracts.  Management estimates accruals for distributor price adjustments based on 
local contract terms, sales data provided by distributors, historical statistics, current trends, and other factors.  
Changes to the accruals are recorded in the period that they become known.  Such accruals are netted against 
accounts receivable. 

Shipping and handling costs incurred after control of the product is transferred to our customers are treated as 
fulfillment costs and not a separate performance obligation.   

Our payment terms differ by jurisdiction and customer but payment is generally required in a term ranging 
from 30 to 90 days from the date of shipment or satisfaction of the performance obligation.  Trade accounts 
receivable are recorded in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets at invoiced amounts less provisions 
for distributor price  adjustments  under local contracts and doubtful accounts.  The allowance  for doubtful 
accounts represents our estimate of probable credit losses and is based on historical write-off experience and 
known  conditions  that  would  likely  lead  to  non-payment.    Customer  invoices  are  charged  off  against  the 
allowance when we believe it is probable that the invoices will not be paid. 

Practical Expedients and Exemptions 
Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers (sales tax, value added tax, etc.), which are 
subsequently remitted to government authorities. 

Our products are generally not subject to a customer right of return except for product recall events under the 
rules and regulations of the Food and Drug Administration or equivalent agencies outside the United States. 
In this circumstance, the costs to replace affected products would be accrued at the time a loss was probable 
and estimable. 

We expense as incurred the costs to obtain contracts, as the amortization period would have been one year or 
less.  These  costs,  recorded  within  selling  and  marketing  expense,  include  our  internal  sales  force 
compensation  programs  and  certain  partner  sales  incentive  programs,  as  we  have  determined  that  annual 
compensation is commensurate with annual selling activities.  

Reagent Rental Arrangements 
Our  Revogene,  Alethia  and  LeadCare  product  platforms  require  the  use  of  instruments  for  the  tests  to  be 
processed.  In many cases, a customer is given use of the instrument provided they continue purchasing the 
associated  tests,  also  referred  to  as  “consumables”  or  “reagents”.    If  a  customer  stops  purchasing  the 
consumables, the instrument must be returned to Meridian.  Such arrangements are common practice in the 
diagnostics industry and are referred to as “Reagent Rentals”.  Reagent Rentals may also include instrument 
related services such as a limited replacement warranty, training and installation. We concluded that the use 
of the instrument and related services (collectively known as “lease elements”) are not within the scope of 
ASU  No.  2014-09  but  rather  ASU  2016-02,  Leases.  Accordingly,  we  first  allocate  the  transaction  price 
between the lease elements and the non-lease elements based on estimates of relative standalone selling prices. 
Lease revenue is derived solely from the sale of consumables and is therefore recognized monthly as earned, 
which coincides with the transfer of control of the non-lease elements.   

For the portion of the transaction price allocated to the non-lease elements, which are principally the test kits, 
the related revenue will be recognized at a point-in-time when control transfers. 

- 52 - 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue allocated to the lease elements of these Reagent Rental arrangements represent approximately 2% of 
total revenue and are included as part of net revenues in our Consolidated Statements of Income. 

(j)  Fair Value Measurements - Assets and liabilities are recorded at fair value in accordance with Accounting 
Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820-10, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.  ASC 820-10 defines 
fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or would be paid to transfer a liability in an 
orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  ASC 820-10 requires a three level 
hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value.  The hierarchy level 
assigned to each asset and liability is based on the assessment of the transparency and reliability of the inputs 
used in the valuation of such items at the measurement date based on the lowest level of input that is significant 
to the fair value measurement.  The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active 
markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs 
(level 3 measurements). 

Assets and liabilities measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following 
categories based on inputs: 

Level 1 
Unadjusted  quoted  prices  in  active  markets  that  are  accessible  at  the  measurement  date  for  identical, 
unrestricted assets or liabilities 

Level 2 
Quoted prices in markets that are not active and financial instruments for which all significant inputs are 
observable, either directly or indirectly 

Level 3 
Prices  or  valuations  that  require  inputs  that  are  both  significant  to  the  fair  value  measurement  and 
unobservable 

As indicated in Note 2, we acquired the business of GenePOC in fiscal 2019.  The fair value of the acquired 
accounts receivable and other current assets and the fair value of the assumed accounts payable and accrued 
expenses  approximated  their  carrying  value  at  the  acquisition  date.    Inventories,  property,  plant  and 
equipment, intangible assets and contingent consideration were valued using Level 3 inputs.   

The following table provides information by level for financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value 
on a recurring basis, noting that there were no such items as of September 30, 2018: 

As of September 31, 2019 
Contingent consideration  

   Fair Value Measurements Using 

Inputs Considered as              

  Carrying 

Value 
 27,200    $ 

  $ 

Level 1 

 -    $ 

Level 2 

Level 3
 -    $   27,200 

In connection with the acquisition of the business of GenePOC and as set forth in Note 2, the Company is 
required to make contingent consideration payments of up to $70,000, comprised of $20,000 for achievement 
of  product  development  milestones  and  up  to  $50,000  for  achievement  of  certain  financial  targets.    The 
preliminary fair value for the contingent payments recognized upon the acquisition as part of the purchase 
accounting opening balance sheet totaled $27,200.  The preliminary fair value of the development milestone 
payments  was  estimated  by  discounting  the  probability-weighted  contingent  payments  to  present  value.  
Assumptions used in the calculations were probability of success, duration of the earn-out and discount rate.  
The preliminary fair value of the financial performance target payments was determined using a Monte Carlo 
simulation-based model.  Assumptions used in these calculations were expected revenue, probability of certain 
developments,  expected  expenses  and  discount  rate.    The  ultimate  settlement  of  contingent  consideration 
could deviate from current estimates based on the actual results of these financial measures.  The liability is 
considered to be a Level 3 financial liability that is re-measured each reporting period.    

- 53 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
(k)  Research and Development Costs  - Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred.  
Research  and  development  costs  include,  among  other  things,  salaries  and  wages  for  research  scientists, 
materials and supplies used in the development of new products, costs for development of instrumentation 
equipment, costs for clinical trials, and costs for facilities and equipment.  

(l)  Income  Taxes  -  The  provision  for  income  taxes  includes  federal,  foreign,  state  and  local  income  taxes 
currently payable and those deferred because of temporary differences between income for financial reporting 
and income for tax purposes.  We prepare estimates of permanent and temporary differences between income 
for financial reporting purposes and income for tax purposes.  These differences are adjusted to actual upon 
filing of our tax returns, typically occurring in the third and fourth quarters of the current fiscal year for the 
preceding fiscal year’s estimates.   

We account for uncertain tax positions using a benefit recognition model with a two-step approach: (i) a more-
likely-than-not recognition criterion; and (ii) a measurement attribute that measures the position as the largest 
amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being ultimately realized upon ultimate settlement.  If 
it is not more likely than not that the benefit will be sustained on its technical merits, no benefit is recorded.  
We recognize accrued interest related to unrecognized tax benefits as a portion of our income tax provision in 
the Consolidated Statements of Operations.  See Note 6. 

(m) Stock-Based  Compensation  -  We  recognize  compensation  expense  for  all  share-based  awards  made  to 
employees, based upon the fair value of the share-based award on the date of the grant.  See Note 7(b). 

(n)  Comprehensive Income (Loss) - Comprehensive income (loss) represents the net change in shareholders’ 
equity  during  a  period  from  sources  other  than  transactions  with  shareholders.    As  reflected  in  the 
accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, our comprehensive income is comprised 
of  net  earnings,  foreign  currency  translation,  unrecognized  gain  on  termination  of  our  previous  cash  flow 
hedge, and the income taxes thereon.   

(o)  Shipping  and  Handling  Costs  -  Shipping  and  handling  costs  invoiced  to  customers  are  included  in  net 
revenues.   Costs to distribute products to customers, including  freight costs,  warehousing costs, and other 
shipping and handling activities are included in cost of sales.   

(p)  Non-Income Government-Assessed Taxes - We classify all non-income, government-assessed taxes (sales, 
use and value-added) collected from customers and remitted by us to appropriate revenue authorities, on a net 
basis (excluded from net revenues) in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. 

(q)  Recent Accounting Pronouncements -  

Pronouncements Adopted 
As  described  in  Note  1(i)  above,  the  Company  adopted  ASU  No.  2014-09,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with 
Customers, on October 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method. 

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments.  
The update addresses certain specific cash flows and their treatment, with the objective being to reduce the 
existing  diversity  in  how  the  items  are  presented  and  classified  within  the  statement  of  cash  flows.    The 
Company  adopted  this  guidance  in  the  first  quarter  of  fiscal  2019,  with  the  Condensed  Consolidated 
Statements of Cash Flows reflecting such adoption, including the information related to restricted cash. 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Clarifying the Definition of a Business.  Included within the 
standard  is  guidance  designed  to  improve  consistency  in  accounting  for  acquisition  and  disposition 
transactions.  Specifically, the guidance sets  forth a two-step process of determining if  a “business” or an 
“asset” has, in fact, been acquired or disposed of.  Adoption and implementation of this guidance was effective 
for the Company at the beginning of fiscal 2019, with the guidance being adhered to in accounting for the 
acquisition of the GenePOC business in June 2019.  See Note 2 below. 

- 54 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated 
Other Comprehensive Income, to address certain of the recent U.S. federal income tax legislation’s impact on 
Accumulated  Other  Comprehensive  Income  (“AOCI”).    The  guidance  specifically  provides  the  option  of 
reclassifying  “stranded  tax  effects”  related  to  the  tax  legislation  from  AOCI  to  retained  earnings.    The 
Company elected to adopt this guidance in the third quarter of fiscal 2019.  An election was made to reclassify 
the income tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act from AOCI to retained earnings, and an entry was made 
to increase AOCI and decrease retained earnings by $148.  The Company’s accounting policy is to release the 
income tax effects in other comprehensive income as financial amounts are removed. 

Pronouncements Issued but Not Yet Adopted as of September 30, 2019 
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases, which amends the accounting guidance related to 
leases.  These changes, which are designed to increase transparency and comparability among organizations 
for both lessees and lessors, include, among other things, requiring recognition of lease assets and liabilities 
on  the  balance  sheet  and  disclosing  key  information  about  leasing  arrangements.    Adoption  and 
implementation of the guidance is not required by the Company until the beginning of fiscal 2020, although 
early  adoption  is  permitted.    The  Company  adopted  ASU  2016-02  effective  October  1,  2019  using  the 
modified retrospective method, which  was applied to leases that existed or will be entered into on or after 
such  date.    The  Company  anticipates  that  as  a  result  of  such  adoption,  it  will  record  to  its  balance  sheet 
approximately $6,000 of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as of October 1, 2019. 

(r)  Reclassifications - Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior fiscal year financial statements to 
conform to the current year presentation.  Such reclassifications had no impact on net earnings or shareholders’ 
equity. 

(2)  

Acquisition of Business of GenePOC 

On June 3, 2019, we acquired the business of GenePOC Inc. (“GenePOC”), a Quebec City, Quebec Province, 
Canada based provider of molecular diagnostic instruments and assays.  The purchase agreement contemplates a 
maximum total consideration of up to $120,000, which based upon the current preliminary valuation is estimated 
at a total fair value of approximately $77,526.  Pursuant to the purchase agreement, the maximum consideration is 
comprised  of  the  following  (noting  that  the  current  preliminary  valuation  values  the  contingent  consideration 
identified in (ii) and (iii) below at an aggregate amount of approximately $27,200): 

(i) 

(ii) 

a $50,000 cash payment on June 3, 2019, subject to a working capital adjustment and 
a holdback of $5,000 to secure selling party’s performance of certain post-closing 
obligations;  

two  $10,000  installments  contingent  upon  the  achievement  of  certain  product 
development  milestones  if  achieved  by  September  30,  2020  and  March  31,  2021, 
respectively; and  

(iii)  up to $50,000 of contingent consideration payable if certain financial performance 

targets are achieved during the twelve-month period ending September 30, 2022. 

The total of the holdback identified in (i) above and the currently estimated value of the contingent consideration 
identified in (ii) and (iii) above are reflected as acquisition consideration within the non-current liabilities section 
of the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.  The holdback amounts are due to be settled in 
December 2020, following the 18-month anniversary of the transaction. 

We utilized cash and equivalents on hand and proceeds drawn from our new $125,000 revolving credit facility, 
which replaced our previous credit facility, to finance the acquisition.  Proceeds from the new credit facility were 
also utilized to repay and settle the outstanding principal and interest due on our  term loan (see Note 5).  As a 
result of currently estimated total consideration exceeding the preliminary fair value of the net assets acquired, 
goodwill in the amount of $34,582 was recorded in connection with this acquisition, which will be deductible for 
U.S. tax purposes ratably over 15 years.  The goodwill results largely from Meridian’s ability to market and sell 
GenePOC’s technology and instrument platform through its established customer base and distribution channels.  

- 55 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended September 30, 2019 includes $1,808 of acquisition-
related costs related to the acquisition of the GenePOC business, which are reflected as operating expenses.  Most 
of these costs relate to professional fees for attorneys, tax advisors and regulatory advisors during due diligence, 
and the preparation and negotiation of acquisition agreements. 

The  Company’s  fiscal 2019 consolidated results  include $341 of net revenues and $3,848 of net loss from the 
GenePOC  business  since  the  date  of  acquisition.  These  results,  which  are  reported  as  part  of  the  Diagnostics 
segment,  include  $1,204  of  amortization  of  specific  identifiable  assets  recorded  in  the  opening  balance  sheet, 
including a license agreement, technology and a government grant. 

Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation 
The recognized preliminary amounts of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the acquisition of 
the GenePOC business are as follows: 

Fair value of assets acquired - 
   Accounts receivable 
   Inventories 
   Other current assets 
   Property, plant and equipment 
   Goodwill 
   Other intangible assets (estimated useful life): 

   License agreement (10 years) 
   Technology (15 years) 
   Government grant (1.33 years) 

Fair value of liabilities assumed - 
  Accounts payable and accrued expenses 
Total consideration paid (including contingent  
  consideration currently estimated at $27,200) 

  PRELIMINARY  

June 3, 
2019  
(as initially 
reported) 

   Measurement 

Period 

   Adjustments 

June 3, 
2019  
(as adjusted) 

   $ 

 58     $ 
 1,617       
 77       
 1,520       
 34,482       

 5,990       
 34,040       
 800       
 78,584       

 (1)   $ 
 (106)     
 7      
 (96)     
 100      

 -      
 96      
 -      
 -      

 57 
 1,511 
 84 
 1,424 
 34,582 

 5,990 
 34,136 
 800 
 78,584 

 1,082       

 (24)     

 1,058 

   $ 

 77,502     $ 

 24    $ 

 77,526 

The allocation of the purchase price and estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment, and intangible 
assets shown above remain preliminary and subject to adjustment, pending refinement and final completion of 
valuations, including but not limited to valuations of accounts receivable, inventory, other current assets, property, 
plant and equipment, and intangibles.  Any modifications to the valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed 
will result in an adjustment to goodwill. 

Pro Forma Information (Unaudited) 
The  following  table  provides  the  unaudited  consolidated  pro  forma  results  for  the  periods  presented  as  if  the 
business of GenePOC had been acquired as of the beginning of fiscal 2018.  Pro forma results do not include the 
effect  of  any  synergies  anticipated  to  be  achieved  from  the  acquisition,  and  accordingly,  are  not  necessarily 
indicative of the results that would have occurred if the acquisition had occurred on the date indicated or that may 
result in the future. 

Year Ended September 30,  
Net Revenues 
Net Earnings 

2019  

2018  

   $  201,222     $ 213,753  
9,407  
   $  16,093     $ 

- 56 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
     
     
     
     
  
     
  
     
  
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
  
     
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
     
  
     
  
     
  
 
 
   
 
  
  
These pro forma amounts have been calculated by including the results of GenePOC, and adjusting the combined 
results to give effect to the following, as if the acquisition had been consummated on October 1, 2017, together 
with the consequential tax effects thereon:  

Year Ended September 30,  
Adjustments to Net Revenues  
    GenePOC pre-acquisition revenues 
Adjustments to Net Earnings  
    GenePOC pre-acquisition net loss 
    Pro forma adjustments: 
       Meridian acquisition-related costs 
       GenePOC transaction-related costs 
       Expenses related to non-continuing personnel,  
         locations or activities 
       Incremental depreciation and amortization 
       Incremental interest costs 
       Tax effects of pro forma adjustments 
Total Adjustments to Net Earnings 

2019  

2018  

   $ 

208      $ 

182   

   $  (9,578)     $  (12,775) 

1,808     
1,245     

1,576     
(2,344)    
(743)    
(253)    

-  
-  

2,552  
(3,499) 
(977) 
257  

   $  (8,289)     $  (14,442)    

Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Non-Cash Acquisition Consideration) 
As noted above, non-cash acquisition consideration totaled $32,200 as of September 30, 2019, which is comprised 
of: (i) $5,000 of purchase price holdback; and (ii) $27,200 contingent upon achievement of established milestones.  
No such items existed in fiscal 2018 or 2017.  

(3)  

Restructuring 

During the second quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company began implementation of a  plan to realign its business 
structure into two business units, Diagnostics and Life Science, supported by a global corporate team.  As part of 
this  plan,  certain  functions  and  locations  within  both  business  units  have  been  streamlined,  including:  (i)  the 
elimination  of  certain  executive  management  and  commercial  sales  positions;  (ii)  the  closing  of  Life  Science 
locations  in  Taunton,  Massachusetts  and  Singapore,  the  operations  of  which  were  transferred  to  our  existing 
locations in Memphis, Tennessee and London, England, respectively; and (iii)  the  transfer of certain functions 
performed in the Billerica, Massachusetts Diagnostics facility to the corporate headquarters in Cincinnati, Ohio.  
Further  restructuring  costs  were  incurred  in  fiscal  2019,  as  refinements  to  each  business  unit’s  cost  structure 
continued to be made and the Company’s previous CFO terminated employment.   

As a result of these activities, restructuring costs totaling $2,839 and $6,332 were recorded during fiscal 2019 and 
fiscal 2018, respectively, the details of which are as follows: 

Severance, other termination benefits and related costs 
Lease and other contract termination fees 
Loss on fixed asset disposals and inventory scrap 
Other 
Total 

2019  

2018  

2,046     $ 
54       
528       
211       
2,839     $ 

5,012  
353  
225  
742  
6,332  

$ 

$ 

The above table does not include $2,374 of CEO transition costs incurred in fiscal 2018, which primarily represents 
the compensation and benefits for our previous Executive Chairman and CEO, Mr. John A. Kraeutler, throughout 
fiscal 2018, the period during which we also have the compensation and benefits our current CEO, Mr. Jack Kenny, 
who began employment at the beginning of fiscal 2018.  These CEO transition costs and the restructuring costs 
set forth in the table above comprise the $8,706 of restructuring costs set forth in the accompanying Consolidated 
Statement of Operations for fiscal 2018. 

- 57 - 

 
 
 
  
  
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
Accrued liabilities associated with the restructuring costs noted above are comprised of the following: 

As of September 30,  

Severance, other termination benefits and related costs 
Lease and other contract termination fees 
Other 
Total 

2019  

2018  

$ 

$ 

1,010     $ 
12       
114       
1,136     $ 

987  
33  
6  
1,026  

(4)  

Inventories  

Inventories are comprised of the following: 

As of September 30,  
Raw materials 
Work-in-process 
Finished goods - instruments 
Finished goods - kits and reagents 
Total 

2019  

2018  

7,455     $ 
11,504       
935       
19,723       
39,617     $ 

6,689  
12,098  
1,191  
22,015  
41,993  

$ 

$ 

(5)  

Bank Credit Arrangements 

In anticipation of the acquisition of the business of GenePOC (see Note 2), on May 24, 2019 the Company entered 
into a credit facility agreement with a commercial bank.  The credit facility, which expires in May 2024, makes 
available to the Company a revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $125,000, with 
outstanding principal amounts bearing interest at a fluctuating rate tied to, at the Company’s option, either the 
federal funds rate or LIBOR, resulting in an effective interest rate of 3.78% on the credit facility in fiscal 2019.  
As of September 30,  2019,  two draws have been made on the credit facility, resulting in an outstanding principal 
balance of $75,824.  The proceeds from these draws were used to: (i) repay and settle the outstanding principal and 
interest due on our previously-existing $60,000 five-year term loan, which had an outstanding balance of $50,180 as 
of September 30, 2018; and (ii) along with cash on-hand, fund the GenePOC acquisition closing payment.  In light of 
the recent execution date of the credit facility and interest being determined on a variable rate basis, the fair value of 
the borrowings under the credit facility at September 30, 2019 approximates the current carrying value reflected in the 
accompanying  Consolidated  Balance  Sheet,  as  was  also  the  case  with  the  outstanding  term  loan  balance  as  of 
September 30, 2018. 

The revolving credit facility is collateralized by the business assets of the Company’s U.S. subsidiaries and requires 
compliance  with financial covenants that limit the amount of debt obligations and require  a  minimum level of 
coverage of fixed charges, as defined in the credit facility agreement.  As of September 30, 2019, the Company is 
in compliance with all covenants. 

In connection with the term loan repayment, the Company also settled the interest rate swap that had been entered into 
to limit exposure to volatility in the term loan’s LIBOR interest rate and which effectively converted the variable 
interest rate on the term loan to a fixed rate of 2.76%.  At the time of settlement, the Company received a cash 
payment in an amount equal to the $563 then-current fair value of the interest rate swap.  Accordingly, there is no 
balance for the interest rate swap reflected within the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 
30,  2019.    At  September  30,  2018,  there  was  an  asset  balance  of  $1,722  related  to  the  interest  rate  swap.    The 
corresponding  fair  value  amount  reflected  within  a  separate  component  of  other  comprehensive  income  in  the 
accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, as a result of the interest rate swap having been 
designated as an effective cash flow hedge,  is being released ratably into income through March 31, 2021, the 
interest  rate  swap’s  original  term.    The  interest  rate  swap  balance  reflected  within  accumulated  other 
comprehensive income at September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018 totaled $461 and $1,722, respectively. 

- 58 - 

 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Interest Paid) 
Cash paid for interest totaled $1,405, $1,487 and $1,605 in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. 

(6)  

Income Taxes 

(a)  Earnings before income taxes, and the related provision for income taxes for the years ended September 30, 

2019, 2018 and 2017 were as follows: 

Year Ended September 30,  
Domestic 
Foreign 
  Total earnings before income taxes 

Provision (credit) for income taxes -  
Federal -  
  Current 
   Temporary differences 

   Fixed asset basis differences and depreciation 
   Intangible asset basis differences and amortization 
   Currently non-deductible expenses and reserves 
   Stock-based compensation 
   Net operating loss carryforwards utilized 
   Tax credit carryforwards utilized 
   Other, net 

   Subtotal 
State and local 
Foreign 
Total income tax provision 

2019  

2018  

2017  

   $  23,954     $  27,787     $  31,885 
4,544 
   $  31,557     $  30,380     $  36,429 

2,593    

7,603    

   $     5,001     $ 

 6,030     $   11,262 

      288    
(797)   
      241    
         (109)   
        69    
           -    
(169)   
4,524    
834    
1,817    
7,175     $ 

   $ 

 410    
 (4,052)   
 1,206    
 1,379    
 61    
 181    
 (148)   
5,067    
1,066    
398    

 (181)
 (1,158)
 884 
 (635)
1,831 
 67 
 99 
   12,169 
1,900 
803 
6,531     $  14,872 

(b)  The following is a reconciliation between the statutory U.S. income tax rate and the effective rate derived by 

dividing the provision for income taxes by earnings before income taxes: 

Year Ended September 30, 
Computed income taxes at statutory rate 
$ 
Increase (decrease) in taxes resulting from -       
   State and local income taxes 
   U.S. tax law change 
  One-time repatriation tax 
  Foreign-Derived Intangible Income tax 
  Global Intangible Low Taxed Income tax   
  Foreign tax credit 
   Foreign tax rate differences 
   Qualified domestic production incentives   
   Uncertain tax position activity 
   Goodwill impairment charge 
  Valuation allowance 
  Stock-based compensation 
   Other, net 

$ 

2019  

2018  

2017  

 6,627    

 21.0  % $ 

 7,443   

 24.5  %  $   12,750   

 35.0  % 

 577    
 -    
 -    
 (294)   
 1,119    
 (990)   
 46    
 -    
 126    
 -    
 106    
 (33)   
 (109)   
 7,175    

 1.8    
 -    
 -    
 (0.9)   
 3.6    
 (3.1)   
 0.1    
 -    
 0.4    
 -    
 0.3    
 (0.1)   
 (0.4)   
 22.7  % $ 

 982   
 (2,655)  
 876   
 -   
 -   
 (15)  
 (104)  
 (550)  
 (62)  
 -   
 (40)  
 447   
 209   
 6,531   

 3.2    
 (8.7)   
 2.9    
 -    
 -    
 -    
 (0.3)   
 (1.8)   
 (0.2)   
 -    
 (0.1)   
 1.4    
 0.6    

 1,093   
 -   
 -   
 -   
 -   
 (57)  
 (281)  
    (1,012)  
 134   
 2,320   
 -   
 -   
 (75)  
 21.5  %  $   14,872   

 3.0    
 -    
 -   
 -   
 -   
 (0.2)   
 (0.8)   
 (2.8)   
 0.4    
 6.4    
 -   
 -   
 (0.2)   
 40.8  % 

- 59 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
On December 22, 2017, the United States enacted tax reform legislation commonly known as the Tax Cuts and 
Jobs Act (the “tax reform act”) and the following effects of the tax reform act are reflected within the consolidated 
financial statements for the year ended September 30, 2018:  (i)  a tax benefit of $2,655, primarily from the re-
measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities; and (ii) $876 of tax expense for the mandatory U.S. repatriation 
transition  tax.    The  re-measurement  of  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  reflected  the  realization  of  temporary 
differences  during  fiscal  2018  at  a  transitional  blended  federal  rate  of  24.5%,  with  the  remaining  temporary 
differences being re-measured at the 21% federal rate.  The tax reform act includes the  Global Intangible Low 
Taxed Income tax (“GILTI”), which requires the Company to include in U.S. income certain foreign earnings that 
do not exceed a 10% return on foreign investment.  For the year ended September 30, 2019, the Company’s U.S. 
GILTI inclusion was $5,328, resulting in a permanent tax expense and a foreign tax credit benefit of $1,119 and 
$990, respectively. The Company has elected to take the GILTI into account in the year it occurs. 

(c)  The components of net deferred tax liabilities were as follows: 

As of September 30, 
Deferred tax assets -  
  Valuation reserves and non-deductible expenses 
   Stock compensation expense not deductible 
   Net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards 
   Basis difference in equity-method investee 

Inventory basis differences 

   Other 

   Subtotal 

   Less valuation allowance 
   Deferred tax assets 
Deferred tax liabilities -  
   Fixed asset basis differences and depreciation 

Intangible asset basis differences and amortization 

   Deferred tax liabilities 
Net deferred tax liabilities 

2019  

2018  

$ 

 1,253     $ 
 2,158       
 494       
 302       
 289       
 125       

 4,621    
 (408)      
 4,213       

 (2,205)      
 (4,374)      
 (6,579)      
 (2,366)    $ 

$ 

 1,473  
 2,033  
 433  
 302  
 383  
 (530) 
 4,094  
 (302) 
 3,792  

 (1,913) 
 (5,518) 
 (7,431) 
 (3,639) 

For  income  tax  purposes,  we  have  recorded  deferred  tax  assets  related  to  operating  loss  and  tax  credit 
carryforwards in both U.S. and foreign jurisdictions  totaling $231 and $263, respectively, as of September 30, 
2019.  At September 30, 2018, such deferred tax assets totaled $303 and $130, respectively.  The operating loss 
carryforwards  in  Canada  expire  in  2039,  with  such  carryforwards  in  the  other  foreign  jurisdictions  having  no 
expiration date.  The operating loss carryforwards in the U.S. expire in 2023 at the federal level, and in 2036 at the 
state level.  The aggregate amount of federal, state and foreign operating loss carryforwards totaled $366, $2,443 
and $914, respectively, at September 30, 2019.  The use of the federal and state losses is limited by the change of 
ownership provisions of the Internal Revenue Code.  

The realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income in the applicable 
jurisdictions.    We  have  considered  the  levels  of  currently  anticipated  pre-tax  income  in  U.S.  and  foreign 
jurisdictions  in  assessing  the  required  level  of  the  deferred  tax  asset  valuation  allowance  including  the 
characterization of the income as ordinary or capital.  Taking into consideration historical and current operating 
results, and other factors, we believe that it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax asset of $4,213 will be 
realized.  The amount of the net deferred tax asset considered realizable, however, could be reduced in future years 
if estimates of future taxable income are reduced. 

We utilize a comprehensive model for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of uncertain tax 
positions, assuming full  knowledge of all relevant facts by the applicable tax authorities.  The total amount of 
unrecognized tax benefits at September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018 related to such positions was $383 and 
$262,  respectively,  of  which  $309  would  favorably  impact  the  effective  tax  rate  if  recognized.    We  generally 
recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of our income tax provision.  
During fiscal 2019 and 2018, such penalties and interest totaled approximately $34 and $84, respectively.  We had 

- 60 - 

 
 
 
 
 
  
     
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
     
     
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
approximately $128 accrued for the payment of interest and penalties at September 30, 2019 compared to $162 
accrued at September 30, 2018.  The amount of our liability for uncertain tax positions expected to be paid or 
settled in the next 12 months is uncertain.   

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows: 

Unrecognized income tax benefits at beginning of year 
Additions for tax positions of prior years 
Reductions for tax positions of prior years 
Additions for tax positions of current year 
Tax examination and other settlements 
Expiration of statute of limitations 
Unrecognized income tax benefits at end of year 

2019  

2018  

 262     $ 
83    
 (100)   
138    
 -    
 -    
383     $ 

 517  
 -  
 -  
 -  
 (161) 
 (94) 
262  

$ 

$ 

We  are  subject  to  examination  by  the  tax  authorities  in  the  U.S.  (both  federal  and  state)  and  the  countries  of 
Australia, Belgium, Canada, China, England, France, Germany, Holland and Italy.  In the U.S., open tax years are 
fiscal 2016, fiscal 2017 and fiscal 2018.  In countries outside the U.S., open tax years generally range from fiscal 
2014 and forward.  However, in Australia and Belgium, the utilization of local net operating loss carryforwards 
extends the statute of limitations for examination well into the foreseeable future.  To the extent that adjustments 
result  from  the  completion  of  these  examinations  or  the  lapsing  of  statutes  of  limitation,  they  will  affect  tax 
liabilities in the period known.  We believe that the results of any tax authority examinations would not have a 
significant adverse impact on our financial condition or results of operations.   

Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Income Taxes Paid) 
Cash paid for income taxes totaled $7,840, $6,555 and $12,613 in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. 

(7)  

Employee Benefits 

(a)  Savings and Investment Plan - We have a profit sharing and retirement savings plan covering substantially 
all full-time U.S. employees.  Profit sharing contributions to the plan, which are discretionary, are approved 
by the board of directors.  The plan permits participants to contribute to the plan through salary reduction.  
Under terms of the plan, we match 100% of an employee’s contributions, up to a maximum match of 4% of 
eligible compensation (3% through December 31, 2016).  Our discretionary and matching contributions to the 
plan amounted to approximately $1,979, $2,118 and $1,912, during fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. 

(b)  Stock-Based Compensation Plans - During fiscal 2019, we had two active stock-based compensation plans, 
the  2004  Equity  Compensation  Plan,  which  became  effective  December  7,  2004,  as  amended  (the  “2004 
Plan”) and the 2012 Stock Incentive Plan, which became effective January 25, 2012 (the “2012 Plan”).   

Each of the 2004 Plan and 2012 Plan authorized the granting of new shares for options, restricted shares or 
restricted share units for up to 3,000 shares, with the non-granted portion of the 2004 Plan permitted to be 
carried forward and added to the 2012 Plan authorized limit.  As of September 30, 2019, we have granted 
1,292 and  2,051 shares under the 2004 Plan and 2012 Plan, respectively, thereby resulting in a remaining 
authorized limit of 2,657 shares.  Options may be granted at exercise prices not less than 100% of the closing 
market value of the underlying common shares on the date of grant and have maximum terms up to ten years.  
Vesting schedules for options, restricted shares and restricted share units are established at the time of grant 
and may be set based on future service periods, achievement of performance targets or a combination thereof.  
All  options  contain  provisions  restricting  their  transferability  and  limiting  their  exercise  in  the  event  of 
termination of employment or the disability or death of the optionee.  We recognize compensation expense 
for all share-based payments made to employees, based upon the fair value of the share-based payment on the 
date of the grant. 

- 61 - 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
During fiscal years 2017 through 2019, we granted, in the aggregate for the three-year period, approximately 
1,100 restricted share units (with weighted-average grant date fair values of $16.93 per share in fiscal 2017, 
$14.65 per share in fiscal 2018 and $18.66 per share in fiscal 2019) to certain employees.  The units granted 
in fiscal 2019 were generally time-vested restricted share units vesting in total on the third anniversary of the 
grant date.  During fiscal 2018 and 2017, generally half of each employee’s grant was time-vested restricted 
share units vesting in total on the fourth anniversary of the grant date, with the remaining half being subject 
to attainment of a specified earnings target for each fiscal period.  While dividend equivalents were paid on 
these units throughout each fiscal period, the targets for each fiscal period were not met and the performance-
based portion of these restricted share units granted have been cancelled.   

During fiscal 2017 in connection with his Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, we also granted 
to our former Chairman and CEO at that time, Mr. John A. Kraeutler, 25 restricted share units (with a grant 
date fair value of $19.09 per share), with each respective grant  to be earned only if specified revenue and 
earnings per share targets were achieved for  fiscal 2017.  As a result of the performance targets not being 
achieved, these restricted share units have been cancelled. 

Additionally, during fiscal 2018 in connection with the October 9, 2017 employment of the Company’s current 
CEO, Mr. Jack Kenny, we granted to Mr. Kenny: (i) options to purchase 100 shares of common stock of the 
Company (with a grant date fair value of $3.19 per share) vesting on a pro rata basis over four years; and (ii) 
13  restricted  share  units  (with  a  grant  date  fair  value  of  $14.50  per  share)  vesting  100%  on  the  second 
anniversary of the grant.  Also during fiscal 2018 in connection with his Amended and Restated Employment 
Agreement, we granted to our former Chairman and CEO at that time, Mr. John A. Kraeutler, 25 restricted 
share units (with a grant date fair value of $15.30 per share) to be earned only if specified revenue and earnings 
per share targets were achieved for fiscal 2018.  As a result of the fiscal 2018 performance targets related to 
this grant being achieved, these restricted share units were fully vested and the related shares were paid to Mr. 
Kraeutler in November 2018. 

Giving effect to these grants, cancellations and certain other activities for restricted shares and restricted share 
units throughout the years, including conversions to common shares, forfeitures, and new hire and employee 
promotion grants, approximately 432 restricted share units remain outstanding as of September 30, 2019, with 
a weighted-average grant date fair value of $17.17 per share, a weighted-average remaining vesting period of 
1.53  years  and  an  aggregate  intrinsic  value  of  $4,096.    The  weighted-average  grant  date  fair  value  of  the 
approximate 285 restricted share units that vested during fiscal 2019 was $17.34 per share.       

The amount of  stock-based compensation expense reported  was $3,251, $3,402 and $3,381 in fiscal 2019, 
2018  and  2017,  respectively.    The  fiscal  2019  expense  is  comprised  of  $542  related  to  stock  options  and 
$2,709 related to restricted share units; the fiscal 2018 expense is comprised of $793 related to stock options 
and $2,609 related to restricted share units; and the fiscal 2017 expense is comprised of $662 related to stock 
options and $2,719 related to restricted share units.  The total income tax benefit recognized in the income 
statement for these stock-based compensation arrangements was $572, $303 and $861, for fiscal 2019, 2018 
and 2017, respectively.  As of September 30, 2019, we expect future stock compensation expense for unvested 
options and unvested restricted share units to total $240 and $2,756, respectively, which will be recognized 
during fiscal years 2020 through 2023.  

We recognize compensation expense only for the portion of shares that we expect to vest.  As such, we apply 
estimated  forfeiture  rates  to our  compensation  expense  calculations.   These  rates  have  been  derived  using 
historical  forfeiture  data,  stratified  by  several  employee  groups.    During  fiscal  2019,  2018  and  2017,  we 
recorded  $127,  $106  and  $106,  respectively,  in  stock  compensation  expense  to  adjust  estimated  forfeiture 
rates to actual, noting that  total  fiscal 2019 stock compensation expense  reflects the  effect of terminations 
made in connection with the restructuring activities discussed in Note 3. 

We have elected to use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine grant-date fair value for stock 
options, with the following assumptions: (i) expected share price volatility based on the average of Meridian’s 
historical volatility over the options’ expected lives and implied volatility based on the value of tradable call 
options; (ii) expected life of options based on contractual lives, employees’ historical exercise behavior and 
employees’  historical  post-vesting  employment  termination  behavior;  (iii)  risk-free  interest  rates  based  on 

- 62 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
treasury  rates  that  correspond  to  the  expected  lives  of  the  options;  and  (iv)  dividend  yield  based  on  the 
expected yield on underlying Meridian common stock. 

Year ended September 30, 
Risk-free interest rates 
Dividend yield 
Life of option 
Share price volatility 
Forfeitures (by employee group) 

2019  
2.99  % 
3.3  % 

2018  
2.10  % 
3.3  % 

6.51   yrs.    

6.47   yrs.    

29  % 
0%-16 % 

30  % 
0%-16 % 

2017  
1.34  % 
4.1  % 
6.44   yrs. 
27  % 
0%-19 % 

A summary of the status of our stock option plans as of  September 30, 2019, and changes during the year 
ended September 30, 2019, is presented in the table and narrative below: 

      Wtd Avg 
Exercise 
Price 

Wtd Avg 
Remaining 
Life (Yrs) 

      Aggregate 
Intrinsic 
Value 

Options 

Outstanding beginning of period 
Grants 
Exercises 
Forfeitures 
Cancellations 
Outstanding end of period 

 1,095     $
 77    
 (30)   
 (52)   
 (100)   

 990     $

 17.56  
 16.07  
 15.13  
 15.03  
 20.48  

 17.36  

6.37    $ 

Exercisable end of period 

 782     $

 17.99  

5.86    $ 

 1 

 - 

A summary of the status of our nonvested options as of September 30, 2019, and changes during the year 
ended September 30, 2019, is presented below: 

Nonvested beginning of period 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeitures 
Nonvested end of period 

Weighted-
Average 
Grant Date 
Fair Value 
 3.24  
 3.61  
 3.39  
 3.25  
 3.24  

Options 

 389     $ 
 77    
 (205)   
 (52)   
 209     $ 

The weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted  was $3.61, $3.27 and $2.65 for fiscal 2019, 
2018 and 2017, respectively.  The total intrinsic value of options exercised was $62, $2 and $9 for fiscal 2019, 
2018 and 2017, respectively.  The total grant-date fair value of options that vested during fiscal 2019, 2018 
and 2017 was $735, $580 and $494, respectively. 

Cash received from options exercised was $443, $183 and $302 for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  
Tax expense recorded to additional paid-in capital from option exercises totaled $0, $0 and $431 for fiscal 
2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. 

In  connection  with  Mr.  Kenny’s  October  1,  2019  Amended  and  Restated  Employment  Agreement,  in 
November 2019 we granted Mr. Kenny: (i) options to purchase 198 shares of common stock of the Company 
vesting on a pro rata basis over the three years ending October 1, 2022; and (ii) 99 restricted share units vesting 
100% on October 1, 2022. 

- 63 - 

 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
     
     
 
     
     
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
  
 
     
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
    
 
(8)  

Non-Current Liabilities 

The Company has provided certain post-employment benefits to its former CEO, and these obligations total $1,917 
and $1,864 at September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  In addition, we are required by the governments of 
certain  foreign  countries  in  which  we  operate  to  maintain  a  level  of  reserves  for  potential  future  severance 
indemnity.  These reserves total $702 and $713 at September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  

(9)  

Reportable Segments and Major Concentration Data  

Our reportable segments are Diagnostics and Life Science.  The Diagnostics segment consists of manufacturing 
operations for infectious disease products in Cincinnati, Ohio and Quebec City, Canada, manufacturing operations 
for products detecting elevated lead levels in blood in Billerica, Massachusetts (near Boston), and the sale and 
distribution of diagnostics products domestically and abroad.  The Life Science segment consists of manufacturing 
operations in Memphis, Tennessee; Boca Raton, Florida; London, England; and Luckenwalde, Germany, and the 
sale  and  distribution  of  bulk  antigens,  antibodies,  PCR/qPCR  reagents,  nucleotides,  and  bioresearch  reagents 
domestically and abroad, including a sales and business development facility in Beijing, China to further pursue 
growing revenue opportunities in Asia. 

Revenues from individual customers constituting 10% or more of consolidated net revenues are as follows: 

 Year Ended September 30, 
Customer A 
Customer B 

2019  

2018  

2017  

$ 
$ 

 18,096  
 17,350  

 (9)% 
 (9)% 

 $   21,162   (10) % 
 $   22,490   (11) % 

 $  22,397   (11)% 
 (9)% 
 $  17,825 

Accounts receivable from these two Diagnostics customers accounted for 13% and 12% of consolidated accounts 
receivable at September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, respectively.  The Company’s international revenues 
totaled approximately $76,430, $72,548 and $66,682 in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and our three 
major product families – gastrointestinal, respiratory illnesses and blood chemistry – accounted for 57%, 59% and 
60% of consolidated net revenues in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  We currently purchase on a sole-
source basis from a U.S. manufacturer the instruments on which our Alethia molecular testing platform operates.  
Additionally, two of our foodborne products sourced from another vendor accounted for 9%, 9% and 10% of third-
party revenues for our Diagnostics segment in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.    

Significant revenue information by country for the Diagnostics and Life Science segments is as follows.  Revenues 
are attributed to the geographic area based on the location to which the product is delivered.   

Year Ended September 30, 
United States 
Italy 
France 
United Kingdom 
Puerto Rico 
Japan 
Belgium 
Holland 
Other countries 
Total Diagnostics 

2019  
 105,648    $ 
 10,898      
 2,442      
 2,397      
 2,276      
 1,571      
 1,465      
 1,411      
 8,574      
 136,682    $ 

$ 

$ 

2018  
 120,555    $ 
 10,398      
 2,353      
 2,340      
 1,054      
 1,307      
 1,711      
 1,454      
 9,282      
 150,454    $ 

2017  
 114,494  
 9,004  
 1,845  
 1,778  
 730  
 2,421  
 1,507  
 1,290  
 10,452  
 143,521  

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Year Ended September 30, 
United States 
Germany 
China 
United Kingdom 
Spain 
Australia 
France 
Japan 
Italy 
South Korea 
Other countries 
Total Life Science 

2019  

2018  

2017  

$ 

$ 

 18,936     $ 
 12,664       
 8,460       
 4,714       
 4,415       
 3,461       
 2,200       
 1,624       
 1,357       
 1,134       
 5,367       
 64,332    $ 

 20,468     $ 
 8,108       
 8,347       
 5,201       
 4,187       
 3,631       
 2,040       
 1,932       
 971       
 2,044       
 6,188       
 63,117    $ 

 19,595  
 7,406  
 5,898  
 5,579  
 3,209  
 4,002  
 1,792  
 1,375  
 700  
 2,308  
 5,386  
 57,250  

In locations outside the U.S., the Company’s identifiable assets were concentrated as follows at the end of most 
recent fiscal years: 

As of September 30, 2019:  U.K – $22,963; Germany – $7,141; Italy – $7,557; and Australia – $1,392 
As of September 30, 2018:  U.K – $14,816; Germany – $7,706; Italy – $7,334; and Australia – $3,543 

Segment information for the interim periods is as follows: 

Fiscal 2019 

Net revenues - 

     Third-party 

     Inter-segment 

Operating income 

Depreciation and amortization 

Capital expenditures 

Goodwill 

Other intangible assets, net 

Total assets 

Fiscal 2018 

Net revenues - 

     Third-party 

     Inter-segment 

Operating income 

Depreciation and amortization 

Capital expenditures 

Goodwill 

Other intangible assets, net 

Total assets 

Diagnostics 

Life Science 

Corporate(1) 

Eliminations(2) 

Total 

$ 

 136,682    $ 

 64,332     $                     -     $                     -     $ 

 201,014   

 462   

 22,399   

 7,676   

 2,049   

 70,395   

 59,807   

 361    

                   -    

                 (823)    

 20,572    

 (10,373)   

                  101     

 2,288    

                   -    

                   -    

 1,748    

                   -    

                   -    

 18,846    

                   -    

                   -    

 436    

                   -    

                   -    

 -  

32,699  

9,964  

3,797  

89,241  

60,243  

 255,169   

 70,392    

                   -    

                   (83)    

325,478   

$ 

 150,454    $ 

 63,117     $                     -     $                     -     $ 

 213,571   

 392   

 32,569   

 6,557   

 2,477   

 35,213   

 22,068   

 397    

                   -    

                 (789)    

 13,799    

 2,131    

 1,724    

 (15,076)   

                  292     

                   -    

                   -    

                   -    

                   -    

 19,424    

                   -    

                   -    

 1,045    

                   -    

                   -    

 -  

31,584  

8,688  

4,201  

54,637  

23,113  

 180,978   

 70,341    

                   -    

                    58     

251,377   

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Fiscal 2017 

Net revenues - 

     Third-party 

    Inter-segment 

Operating income 

Depreciation and amortization 

Capital expenditures 

Goodwill 

Other intangible assets, net 

Total assets 

$ 

 143,521    $ 

 57,250     $                     -     $                     -     $ 

 200,771   

 389   

 34,124   

 7,037   

 2,554   

 35,213   

 24,973   

 537    

                   -    

                 (926)    

 14,086    

 (11,097)   

                   269     

 2,053    

                   -    

                   -    

 1,913    

                   -    

                   -    

 19,713    

                   -    

                   -    

 1,731    

                   -    

                   -    

 -  

37,382  

9,090  

4,467  

54,926  

26,704  

 180,226   

 69,938    

                   -    

                 (387)    

249,777  

(1) Includes Restructuring and Selected Legal Costs of $2,596, $7,779 and $762 in fiscal years 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. 

(2) Eliminations consist of inter-segment transactions. 

A reconciliation of segment operating income to consolidated earnings before income taxes for the years 
ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows: 

Year Ended September 30, 
Segment operating income 
Corporate expenses 
Interest income 
Interest expense 
Other, net  
Consolidated earnings before  
   income taxes 

2019  

2018  

 43,072    
$ 
   (10,373)   
 681    
 (1,945)   
 122    

$ 

 46,660    
   (15,076)   
 418    
 (1,520)   
 (102)   

2017  
$  48,479    
 (11,097)   
 171    
 (1,642)   
 518    

$ 

 31,557    

$ 

 30,380    

$  36,429  

Transactions between segments are accounted for at established intercompany prices for internal and management 
purposes with all intercompany amounts eliminated in consolidation.   

(10)  

Commitments and Contingencies  

(a)  Royalty Commitments - We have entered into various license agreements that require payment of royalties 
based on a specified percentage of the sales of licensed products.  Approximately 84% of our royalty expenses 
relate to our Diagnostics operating segment,  where the royalty rates range from  3% to 8%.  These royalty 
expenses are recognized on an as-earned basis and recorded in the year earned as a component of cost of sales.  
Annual royalty expenses associated with these agreements were approximately $2,107, $2,579 and $2,600 for 
the fiscal years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. 

(b)  Purchase Commitments - Excluding the operating lease  commitments reflected in Note 10(c) below,  we 
have purchase commitments primarily for inventory and service items as part of the normal course of business.  
Commitments  made  under these obligations are  $14,203 for fiscal 2020 and $792 for fiscal 2021 through 
fiscal 2023.  No purchase commitments have been made beyond fiscal 2023. 

(c)  Operating Lease Commitments - Meridian and its subsidiaries are parties to a number of operating lease 
agreements around the world, the majority of which relate to office and warehouse building leases expiring at 
various dates.  Amounts charged to expense under operating leases were $2,372, $2,457 and $2,140 for fiscal 
2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  Operating lease commitments for each of the five succeeding fiscal years 
are as follows: fiscal 2020 - $1,528; fiscal 2021 - $1,451; fiscal 2022 - $1,293; fiscal 2023 - $967; and fiscal 
2024 - $712. 

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(d)  Acquisition Price Holdback and Contingent Consideration - Pursuant to the purchase agreement related 
to the June 3, 2019 acquisition of the business of GenePOC, Meridian’s maximum remaining consideration 
to be paid totals $75,000.  As detailed in Note 2, this amount is comprised of: (i) a $5,000 purchase price 
holdback; and (ii) up to $70,000 of payments contingent upon the achievement of certain product development 
milestones and financial performance targets, the preliminary valuation of which totals approximately $27,200 
as of September 30, 2019. 

(e)  Litigation - We are a party to various litigation matters from time to time that we believe are in the normal 
course of business.  The ultimate resolution of these routine matters is not expected to have a material adverse 
effect  on  our  financial  position,  results  of  operations  or  cash  flows.    Additionally,  the  Company  has  also 
become a party to certain legal matters that are somewhat outside the normal course of business.  See Item 3. 
“Legal Proceedings” for a discussion of the status of these selected legal matters. 

 (f)  Indemnifications - In conjunction with certain contracts and agreements, we provide routine indemnifications 
related to our performance obligations.  The terms of these indemnifications range in duration and in some 
circumstances are not explicitly defined.  The maximum obligation under some such indemnifications is not 
explicitly stated and, as a result of our having no history of paying such indemnifications, cannot be reasonably 
estimated.    We  have  not  made  any  payments  for  these  indemnifications  and  no  liability  is  recorded  at 
September 30, 2019 or September 30, 2018. 

(11)   Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) 

The sum of the earnings per common share may not equal the corresponding annual amounts due to interim quarter 
rounding. 

   For the Quarter Ended in Fiscal 2019 
   Net revenues 
   Gross profit 
   Net earnings 
   Basic earnings per common share 
   Diluted earnings per common share 
  Cash dividends per common share 

      December 31        March 31 

June 30 

      September 30 

   $ 

 51,480     $ 
 31,572       
 8,106       
 0.19       
 0.19       
 0.125       

 50,248     $ 
 29,338       
 7,094       
0.17       
0.17       
 0.125       

 48,440     $ 
 28,259       
 5,079       
0.12       
0.12       
 -       

 50,846 
 29,156 
 4,103 
0.10 
0.10 
 - 

   For the Quarter Ended in Fiscal 2018 
  Net revenues 
   Gross profit 
   Net earnings 
  Basic earnings per common share 
   Diluted earnings per common share 
   Cash dividends per common share 

      December 31        March 31 

June 30 

      September 30 

   $ 

 52,283     $ 
 32,010       
 6,302       
 0.15       
 0.15       
 0.125       

 56,451     $ 
 34,569       
 5,288       
0.12       
0.12       
 0.125       

 51,737     $ 
 31,962       
 6,825       
0.16       
0.16       
 0.125       

 53,100 
 32,156 
 5,434 
0.13 
0.13 
 0.125 

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ITEM 9. 

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS 
ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE 

Not applicable. 

ITEM 9A. 

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 

As of September 30, 2019, an evaluation, excluding the internal controls of certain net assets of the business of 
GenePOC  acquired  in  June  2009,  was  completed  under  the  supervision  and  with  the  participation  of  our 
management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design 
and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) promulgated 
under the  Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended  (the  “Exchange  Act”).  Based on that evaluation, our 
management, including the CEO and CFO, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective 
as of September 30, 2019.   There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified 
in  connection  with  the  evaluation  of  internal  control  that  occurred  during  the  fourth  fiscal  quarter  that  has 
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to affect, our internal control over financial reporting, or in other factors 
that could significantly affect internal control subsequent to September 30, 2019.   

Our  internal  control  report  is  included  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  after  Item  8,  under  the  caption 
“Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.” 

ITEM 9B. 

OTHER INFORMATION 

The following information is provided pursuant to Item 5.03 of Form 8-K. 

Effective  November  26,  2019  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  adopted  an  amendment  to  its  Amended  and 
Restated Code of Regulations for the purpose of facilitating virtual meetings of shareholders. 

The following sentence was added to Article II, Section 3 (Place of Meetings): “The Board of Directors may, in 
its sole discretion, determine that any meeting shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by 
means of remote communication as authorized by Ohio law.” 

The  Amended  and  Restated  Code  of  Regulations  including  this  amendment  is  included  as  Exhibit  3.1  to  this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K, and is incorporated herein by reference. The foregoing summary of the amendment 
is qualified in its entirety by reference to the specific provisions of the Amended and Restated Code of Regulations. 

- 68 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
PART III. 

ITEM 10.  

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE  

Information  about  our  directors  and  officers  may  be  found  under  the  captions  “Election  of  Directors”  and 
“Directors and Executive Officers” in our Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held 
January 29, 2020 (the “Proxy Statement”). Information about our Audit Committee may be found under the caption 
“Committees  of  the  Board  of  Directors”  in  the  Proxy  Statement.  That  information  is  incorporated  herein  by 
reference.  

We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to all of our employees, including our Chief Executive Officer, Chief 
Financial  Officer,  Chief  Accounting  Officer,  and  other  finance  organization  employees.  The  code  of  ethics  is 
publicly available on our website at meridiabioscience.com. If we make any substantive amendments to the code 
of ethics or grant any waiver, including any implicit waiver, from a provision of the code to our Chief Executive 
Officer, Chief Financial Officer, or Chief Accounting Officer, we will disclose the nature of the amendment or 
waiver on that website or in a report on Form 8-K.  

ITEM 11.  

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION  

The information in the Proxy Statement set forth under the captions “Director Compensation,” “Compensation 
Discussion and Analysis” “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation,” and “Compensation 
Committee Report” is incorporated herein by reference.  

ITEM 12.  

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED 
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS  

The information in the Proxy Statement set forth under the captions “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial 
Owners,” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information” is incorporated herein by reference.  

ITEM 13.  

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE  

The information set forth in the Proxy Statement under the captions “Corporate Governance” and “Transactions 
with Related Persons” is incorporated herein by reference.  

ITEM 14.  

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES  

Information concerning principal accountant fees and services appears in the Proxy Statement under the headings 
“Principal  Accounting  Firm  Fees”  and  “Committees  of  the  Board  of  Directors”  and  is  incorporated  herein  by 
reference. 

- 69 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 15. 

EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 

(a) 

(1) and (2) FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SCHEDULES. 

All financial statements and schedules required to be filed by Item 8 of this Form and included in this report have 
been  so  identified  under  Item  8.    No  additional  financial  statements  or  schedules  are  being  filed  since  the 
requirements of paragraph (c) under Item 15 are not applicable to Meridian. 

(b) 

(3)  EXHIBITS.   

Exhibit Number 
3.1 

Amended Articles of Incorporation (Filed herewith) 

Description of Exhibit 

3.2 

4.1 

10.1* 

10.2* 

10.3* 

10.4* 

10.5* 

10.6* 

10.7* 

10.8* 

10.9** 

Amended and Restated Code of Regulations (Filed herewith) 

Description of Securities (Filed herewith) 

Amendment No. 1 to Supplemental Benefit Agreement Dated September 23, 2014 
between Meridian and John A. Kraeutler (Incorporated by reference to Meridian’s Form 
8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 25, 2014) 

Third Amended and Restated Employment Agreement Dated October 3, 2016 between 
Meridian and John A. Kraeutler (Incorporated by reference to Meridian’s Form 8-K filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 5, 2016) 

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement dated effective October 1, 2019 between 
Meridian and John P. Kenny (Incorporated by reference to Meridian’s Form 8-K filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 7, 2019) 

Dividend Reinvestment Plan (Incorporated by reference to Meridian’s Annual Report on 
Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 1999) 

2004 Equity Compensation Plan, amended and restated effective January 25, 2012 
(Incorporated by reference to Meridian’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the 
Quarterly Period Ended December 31, 2011) 

2012 Stock Incentive Plan, effective January 25, 2012 (Incorporated by reference to 
Meridian’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarterly Period Ended December 31, 
2011) 

Form of Time-Based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement (Incorporated by reference 
to Meridian’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 
2018) 

Form of Meridian Bioscience, Inc. Change in Control Agreement dated August 4, 2016 
(Incorporated by reference to Meridian’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the 
Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2016) 

Share Purchase Agreement dated as of April 29, 2019 by and among GenePOC Inc., 
Meridian Bioscience Canada Inc., the shareholders of GenePOC Inc., Apres-Demain 
Holding SA, as Shareholders’ Representative, and Meridian Bioscience, Inc. 
(Incorporated by reference to Meridian’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the 
Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2019) 

- 70 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.10** 

10.11** 

10.12* 

10.13* 

10.14* 

10.15* 

14 

21 

23 

31.1 

31.2 

32*** 

101.INS 

101.SCH 

101.CAL 

101.DEF 

101.LAB 

101.PRE 

104 

Credit Agreement, dated May 24, 2019 between Meridian Bioscience, Inc., as borrower, 
the Guarantors from time to time party thereto, the Lenders from time to time party 
thereto, and PNC Bank, National Association, as administrative agent (Incorporated by 
reference to Meridian’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 
May 31, 2019) 

Promissory Note dated June 3, 2019 between Meridian Bioscience Canada Inc. and 
GenePOC Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Meridian’s Form 8-K filed with the 
Securities and Exchange Commission on June 3, 2019) 

Consulting Agreement between Meridian Bioscience, Inc. and Melissa Lueke dated 
December 10, 2018 (Incorporated by reference to Meridian’s Form 8-K filed with the 
Securities and Exchange Commission on December 12, 2018) 

Cash-Based Incentive Compensation Plan for Fiscal Year 2019 (Incorporated by reference 
to Meridian’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 
12, 2018) 

Separation Agreement and General Release Agreement between Meridian Bioscience, 
Inc. and Lawrence Baldini dated April 26, 2019 (Incorporated by reference to Meridian’s 
Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 30, 2019) 

Separation Agreement and General Release between Meridian Bioscience, Inc. and Eric 
Rasmussen dated June 21, 2019 (Incorporated by reference to Meridian’s Form 8-K filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 25, 2019) 

Code of Ethics (Incorporated by reference to Meridian’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 
the Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2003) 

List of Subsidiaries of the Registrant (Filed herewith) 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (Filed herewith) 

Certification of Principal Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) (Filed herewith) 

Certification of Principal Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) (Filed herewith) 

Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer 
(Furnished herewith) 

Inline XBRL Instance Document 

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema 

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase 

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase 

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase 

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase 

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 
101) 

*  Management Compensatory Contracts 

- 71 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
**  Schedules to and certain portions of these exhibits have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation 
S-K. The omitted information is not material and would likely cause competitive harm to the Registrant if 
publicly disclosed. The Registrant hereby agrees to furnish a copy of any omitted schedule or other portion to 
the SEC upon request. 

*** Furnished, not filed. 

Meridian will provide shareholders with any exhibit upon the payment of a specified reasonable fee, which fee 
shall be limited to Meridian’s reasonable expenses in furnishing such exhibit. 

ITEM 16. 

FORM 10-K SUMMARY 

None. 

- 72 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has 
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

SIGNATURES 

MERIDIAN BIOSCIENCE, INC. 

By: /s/ Jack Kenny          
Date: November 26, 2019 
Jack Kenny 
Chief Executive Officer 

We, the undersigned directors and officers of the Registrant, hereby severally constitute Jack Kenny and Bryan T. 
Baldasare, and each of them singly, our true and lawful attorneys with full power to them and each of them to sign 
for us, in our names in the capacities indicated below, any and all amendments to the Annual Report on Form 10-
K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following 
persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 

Signature 

Capacity 

Date 

/s/ Jack Kenny 
Jack Kenny 

/s/ Bryan T. Baldasare 
Bryan T. Baldasare 

/s/ David C. Phillips 
David C. Phillips 

/s/ James M. Anderson 
James M. Anderson 

/s/ Dwight E. Ellingwood 
Dwight E. Ellingwood 

/s/ John C. McIlwraith 
John C. McIlwraith 

/s/ John M. Rice, Jr. 
John M. Rice, Jr. 

/s/ Catherine A. Sazdanoff 
Catherine A. Sazdanoff  

/s/ Felicia Williams 
Felicia Williams 

Chief Executive Officer and Director 

November 26, 2019 

Executive Vice President, Chief 
Financial Officer and Secretary 
(Principal Financial and Accounting  
Officer) 

November 26, 2019 

Chairman of the Board 

November 26, 2019 

November 26, 2019 

November 26, 2019 

November 26, 2019 

November 26, 2019 

November 26, 2019 

November 26, 2019 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

- 73 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SCHEDULE II 
Meridian Bioscience, Inc. 
and Subsidiaries 

Valuation and Qualifying Accounts 
(Dollars in thousands) 
Years Ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 

Description 
Year Ended September 30, 2019: 
Allowance for doubtful accounts 
Inventory realizability reserves 
Valuation allowances – deferred taxes 

Year Ended September 30, 2018: 
Allowance for doubtful accounts 
Inventory realizability reserves 
Valuation allowances – deferred taxes 

Year Ended September 30, 2017: 
Allowance for doubtful accounts 
Inventory realizability reserves 
Valuation allowances – deferred taxes 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Balance at 
Beginning 
of Period       

Charged to 
Costs and 
Expenses        Deductions       Other (a)       

Balance at 
End of 
Period 

 310     $ 
 1,971       
 302       

 347     $ 
 774       
 106       

 (100)    $ 
 (448)      
 -       

 (20)    $ 
 (12)      
 -       

 537 
 2,285 
 408 

 307     $ 
 2,059       
 342       

 39     $ 
 321       
 -       

 (32)    $ 
 (405)      
 (40)      

 (4)    $ 
 (4)      
 -       

 310 
 1,971 
 302 

 334     $ 
 2,680       
 342       

 90     $ 
 35       
 -       

 (134)    $ 
 (661)      
 -       

 17     $ 
 5       
 -       

 307 
 2,059 
 342 

(a) Balances reflect the effects of currency translation. 

- 74 -