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MBX Biosciences, Inc. Common Stock

mbx · NASDAQ Healthcare
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Ticker mbx
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Industry Biotechnology
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FY2016 Annual Report · MBX Biosciences, Inc. Common Stock
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M I C R O B I X
B I O S Y S T E M S   I NC .

ANNUAL REPORT 2016

Message to shareholders

As we reflect on 2016, we have made important 

progress  in  terms  of  our  financial  results  and 

the execution of our strategy. This has setup the 

will  start  in  the  near  future  and  shipments  are 

expected to commence in the fall of 2017.

Discussions  with  several  parties  interested 

in  re-launching  Kinlytic®  in  different  markets 

coming year as one of the most important in the 

have  reached  the  stage  where  the  Company  is 

Company’s history.  

I  am  pleased  to  report  that  the  Company 

achieved record sales performance for the fiscal 

year  ended  September  30th.  Although  sales  in 

the  first  quarter  were  weak,  we  subsequently 

experienced  successive  sales  records  in  the 

second and fourth quarters, which contributed to 

the Company’s highest-ever annual sales of $9.5 

million, an improvement of 13% over 2015.

All 

indicators  suggest  customer  demand 

will  remain  strong  through  2017  setting  the 

Company on a course for another year of strong 

sales  growth.  The  recent  start-up  of  the  new 

bioreactor  manufacturing  process  provides  the 

expanded production capacity needed to satisfy 

this  additional  demand,  while  also  contributing 

significant  savings  in  operating  costs.  We  are 

well  positioned  to  deliver  higher  sales  volume 

and improved margins going forward.

Finally,  with  careful  management  of  operating 

expenses in 2016 contributing a 12% improvement 

compared to last year, overall we delivered a 22% 

improvement  in  net  income  and  more  than  50% 

improvement in operating cash flow compared to 

last  year.  The  Company  has  now  achieved  four 

consecutive  years  of  continuously 

improving 

profitability,  and  established  a  track  record  of 

predictable operating results.

Our  new  molecular  controls  product  offering 

is advancing with the continued development of 

upgraded  manufacturing  processes  and  quality 

systems that will ensure our operation becomes 

ISO13485  compliant.  Product  development 

 1

now preparing for a meeting with the U.S. Food 

and  Drug  Administration  in  early  2017.  The 

objective  of  this  meeting  is  to  establish  a  more 

specific  clinical  and  regulatory  pathway  for  the 

reintroduction of the drug to the U.S. market. Our 

prospective partners include lead and secondary 

investors, 

license  partners  and  government 

agencies all of whom are looking forward to the 

outcome of this meeting with the FDA, as it will 

address  specific  questions  about  the  proposed 

Kinlytic® clinical program.  I am optimistic we can 

close a partnership to fund Kinlytic® in 2017.

We  continue  to  work  with  a  small  group  of 

companies  interested  in  a  partnership  with 

Microbix  to  complete  the  development  and 

commercialization  of  the  LumiSort  technology. 

There are different complexities being addressed 

in these negotiations that are contributing to the 

extended timeline, including the challenging legal 

landscape in the North American animal genetics 

industry.  This  groundbreaking  technology  can 

ultimately  provide  the  livestock  industry  with 

superior  yields  and  throughput  of  sexed  semen 

and,  in  so  doing,  we  believe  it  can  unlock 

significant value for the industry. We will continue 

to provide updates as developments materialize.

On  behalf  of  my  colleagues,  I  thank  you  for 

your continuing loyalty and I extend best wishes 

for 2017.

Vaughn C. Embro-Pantalony
PrEsidEnt and ChiEf ExECutiVE offiCEr

Canadian Funds  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2016 AND 2015

Canadian Funds 

The  Company’s  Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  (“MD&A”)  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  the 
unaudited Consolidated Interim Financial Statements and notes and should also be read in conjunction with the 
audited Consolidated Financial Statements, notes and MD&A for the year ended September 30, 2016, prepared in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) and filed on Sedar. Additional information 
relating to the Company, including its Annual Information Form (“AIF”), can be found on SEDAR at www.sedar.
com.  Reference to “we”, “us”, “our”, or the “Company” means Microbix Biosystems Inc. unless otherwise stated.  
All amounts are presented in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated.  Statements contained herein, which are 
not historical facts, are forward looking statements that are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could 
cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth or implied. These forward-looking statements involve 
risks and uncertainties, including the difficulty in predicting product approvals, acceptance of  and demand for new 
products, the impact of  the products and pricing strategies of  competitors, delays in developing and launching 
new products, regulatory enforcement, changes in operating results and other risks, some or any of  which could 
make the results differ materially from those discussed or implied in the forward-looking statements. The Company 
disclaims any intent or obligation to update these forward-looking statements.

The Management Discussion and Analysis is dated December 20, 2016.

COMPANY OVERVIEW
Microbix Biosystems Inc. (Microbix or the Company) (TSX: MBX) develops biological products and technologies.  
The Company has a Virology Products (Virology) business including the manufacturing and sale of  cell culture-
based biological products, including one of  the world’s most expansive sources of  Infectious Disease Antigens 
targeted at the diagnostics market. The Company owns Kinlytic®, an FDA approved human thrombolytic drug, 
and is developing LumiSort™, a semen sexing technology.

Revenue  from  the  Virology  business  which  is  expected  to  continue  growing  for  the  foreseeable  future, 

provides for operating and debt service costs, and funding for the Company’s development programs. 

The Company owns and operates a Virology manufacturing facility at 265 Watline Avenue in Mississauga, 
Ontario. The facility has an infectious diseases biological license from the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. 
The Company’s administrative offices are located at 211 Watline Avenue.

 2

Canadian Funds   
FINANCIAL OVERVIEW

Canadian Funds 

Year Ending September 30, 2016
Total revenue was $9,517,137, a 7% increase over 2015’s $8,873,912.  Included was Virology product revenue at 
$9,236,152, 13% higher than 2015, due to strong growth into Asian markets.

Revenue from licensing fees was $ nil (2015 - $413,895) due to a one time recognition of  non-refundable deferred 
revenue received from a prospective distributor of  the Company’s LumiSort™ technology in 2015. Revenue from 
royalties was $280,985 (2015 - $268,297).  

Gross margin decreased by 15%, one half  of  which was due to lower licensing revenues in 2016 described in the 
foregoing..  The balance of  the decrease was due to higher material costs.  Operating expenses decreased by 12%, 
compared to 2015, due to significantly lower legal costs with the termination of  the VIRUSMAX litigation in the 
previous year.  Net income was $748,407 (2015 - $613,984).

Cash generated from operations in fiscal 2016 was $913,308 compared to a $595,402 in fiscal 2015. Cash used in 
investing activities was $1,641,126 (2015 - $4,842,022), a decrease due to completion of  the LumiSort™ prototype in 
the previous year. Cash generated from financing activities in fiscal 2016 was $629,053 (2015 - $3,803,444) primarily 
due to a reduction in loan proceeds of  $840,000 in 2016 compared to 2015, and no common share warrants having 
been exercised in 2016 compared to $1,738,434 warrants exercised in 2015. Net cash flow was $98,765 negative in 
fiscal 2016 (2015 - $443,176 negative).            

Quarter Ending September 30, 2016
Virology  product  revenue  of   $3,349,785  was  significantly  higher  than  the  same  period  last  year  (2015  - 
$1,612,615), as antigen shipments to a large European customer returned to normal levels compared to the 
fourth quarter last year; also sales in East Asia grew significantly year over year. This growth is expected to 
continue in fiscal 2017.

Gross margins were slightly lower at $2,077,335 ($2,124,627 – 2015) as the comparative quarter in fiscal 2015 
realized a one-time recognition of  $413,895 profit in licensing revenues. Operating expenses were down by $454,184 
versus the last quarter of  fiscal 2015, due to the one-time legal costs incurred for the VIRUSMAX litigation during 
the same period last year. Net income for the quarter was $862,930 (2015 - $403,116).

Cash provided by operations was $367,235 compared to $84,394 provided by operations for the same period 
last year. Cash used in investing activities was $267,276 (2015 - $499,512), reflecting completion of  the Lumisort™ 
prototype early in fiscal 2016 and completion of  the development of  the new automation process for manufacturing 
Virology  products  in  the  last  quarter  of   fiscal  2016.  Cash  used  by  financing  activities  was  $99,633  reflecting  a 
reduction of  debt in the quarter versus financing provided of  $541,624 in the comparative quarter of  fiscal 2015 to 
finance the Company’s investment in equipment and process development. In summary, the fourth quarter’s net cash 
flow was $325 positive (2015 – $ 125,865).

 3

Canadian Funds   
CHANGES IN FINANCIAL POSITION

Canadian Funds 

Total Revenue 
Operating income  

Cash 
Accounts receivable 
Total current assets 
Total assets 
Total current liabilities 
Total liabilities 
Total shareholders’ equity 
Current ratio 
Debt to equity ratio 

2016 
$ 

     9,517,137  
 148,407  

 5,415  
 2,021,872  
 5,661,219  
 25,247,463  
 5,248,993  
 9,955,722  
 15,291,741  
 1.08  
 0.65  

2015
$
 8,873,912 
 348,984 

 104,180 
 1,692,074 
 5,788,161 
 23,546,958 
 4,135,457 
 9,870,048 
 13,676,910 
 1.40 
 0.72 

SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Dec-31-14
$

Mar-31-15
$

Jun-30-15
$

Sep-30-15
$

Dec-31-15
$

Mar-31-16
$

Jun-30-16
$

Sep-30-16
$

 1,995,833

 2,544,900

 2,219,019

 2,114,160

 1,063,405 

 2,729,779

 2,253,373 

 3,470,580

90,553

86,335

147,769

123,434

(428,420)

161,979

(141,082)

555,930

SALES

Operating 
Income (1)

(1)  Operating income represents net operating income and comprehensive operating income for the year as reported 

on the Company’s consolidated statement of  comprehensive income.

OUTLOOK

The business of  Microbix described in these documents is the result of  years of  research and development, 
which  has  delivered  products  and  technologies  that  have  received  wide  customer  acceptance  and  experienced 
continued growth in demand. Microbix has both the manufacturing capacity and the scientific capability to support 
this growth, including the continuous demand for competitive process improvements and new products.

Virology product revenues are expected to continue growing in the coming years. The Company continues to 
expand its conventional antigen product line and recently announced the launch of  its molecular diagnostic products. 
In addition, the Company is experiencing a net favourable currency effect. The Company continues to invest in new 
process technologies to improve its manufacturing cost base and expand its production capacity. In light of  all of  
these developments, management expects to realize improved profitability from the Virology business. 

Management is preparing to meet with the FDA in early 2017 to confirm its specific clinical and regulatory 
plans for the re-introduction of  Kinlytic® to the U.S. market. Management is optimistic about closing a partnership 
in fiscal 2017 with prospective partners awaiting the outcome of  the meeting with the FDA. 

The Lumisort™ prototype was successfully built and tested in 2015 and partnering discussions with global animal 
genetics  companies  continued  through  2016.  However,  ongoing  patent  litigation  among  the  three  largest  animal 
genetics companies in the U.S. has caused significant uncertainty within the A.I. industry, which has resulted in slower 
paced discussions with potential LumiSort partners. Management expects to close a partnership arrangement in fiscal 
2017 to complete the development of  LumiSort. 

 4

Canadian Funds   
 
  
LIQUIDITY, CASH FLOWS AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Canadian Funds 
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting 
Standards  (“IFRS”)  on  a  going  concern  basis,  which  presumes  the  Company  will  continue  operating  for  the 
foreseeable future and will be able to realize a return on its assets and discharge its liabilities and commitments in 
the normal course of  business.  

The Company has incurred historical losses resulting in an accumulated deficit of  $23,296,749 as at September 30, 
2016.  However, each of  the past four fiscal years have been profitable with an accumulated net income of  $1,532,748. 
Management continuously monitors the financial position of  the Company with respect to working capital needs, 
as well as long-term capital requirements compared to the annual operating budget.  Variances are highlighted and 
actions are taken to ensure the Company is appropriately capitalized.

Subsequent to September 30, 2016, the Company has arranged a new secured revolving credit facility jointly with 
The Toronto-Dominion Bank (“TD Bank”) and Export Development Canada (“EDC”). The new credit facility will 
be used for general corporate purposes, including the execution of  the Company’s overall growth strategy. Specific 
terms of  this new credit facility will be disclosed in the interim report for the first fiscal quarter of  2017.

Future Liquidity and Capital Needs
Microbix primarily funds new product development activities and capital expenditures from the profits earned by 
its Virology business and, periodically, from additional equity and/or debt. 

In fiscal 2017 cash flow is expected to improve considerably as the year progresses due to: 1) continued growth 
in Virology sales, 2) implementation in early fiscal 2017 of  a newly expanded operating credit line negotiated with 
the  Company’s  bank,  3)  improved  profit  contribution  from  the  Virology  business  due  to  lower  material  costs 
and higher efficiencies as the Company continues to work with customers to commercialize its new bioreactor 
production  process,  and  4)  completing  the  independent  funding  of   both  Lumisort™  and  Kinlytic®  through 
partnership  arrangements.  Management  expects  these  developments  will  significantly  improve  the  Company’s 
overall liquidity position in fiscal 2017.

Contractual Obligations

a) Commitments and Contingencies
Over the next five years the Company has long-term commitments as at September 30, 2016 as described in the 
following tables:

i) Lease commitments

2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 

ii) Minimum annual payments on convertible and non-convertible debentures 

2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 and thereafter 

$
41,152
7,602
3,096
-
   -
51,850

$

1,626,742
604,242
604,242
604,242
8,944,891
12,384,359

See Note 29 Subsequent Events for changes to convertible debenture subsequent to September 30, 2016.

 5

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIQUIDITY, CASH FLOWS AND CAPITAL RESOURCES (Continued)

Canadian Funds 

b) Outstanding Share Capital
Share capital issued and outstanding as at December 20, 2016 was $31,299,416 for 84,704,257 common shares versus 
83,204,257 common shares at September 30, 2015.

LONG-TERM ASSETS

a) Tangible Assets
During fiscal 2016 the Company spent $702,579 on Lumisort™ development and Virology production equipment. 

b) Intangible Assets
During fiscal 2016 the Company spent $938,547 on the development of  its new bioreactor automation process.

Technology Investment - Lumisort™
In 2005 the Company acquired Sequent Biotechnologies Inc. a developer of  semen-sexing technology. For financial 
purposes the Company recognized the acquisition cost at the fair value of  this technology.

Additional  investment  has  been  recognized  under  the  ongoing  development  program,  including  intellectual 
property in the form of  new patents, as well as the work completed in the past two years to build and successfully 
test the new LumiSort prototype instrument.

Technology Investment – Urokinase/Kinlytic®
On  September  23,  2008,  Microbix  completed  a  $2,770,529  acquisition  of   all  Kinlytic®  assets  from  ImaRx 
Therapeutics, Inc.

Technology Investment – Bioreactor
The  Company  has  automated  its  manufacturing  process  with  the  implementation  of   the  bioreactor  process, 
which  increases  the  efficiency  and  output  of   its  virology  products.  The  bioreactor  process  was  completed 
September 30, 2016. 

 6

Canadian Funds   
LONG-TERM DEBT

Canadian Funds 

Business Development Corporation Debt
In fiscal 2009 the Company negotiated a series of  loans totalling $3,061,000 with the Business Development Bank of  
Canada (“BDC”) for the original purchase and build-out of  its manufacturing facility. 

Purchase of  the building   
Construction of  manufacturing facility 
Purchase of  equipment for facility 

$
1,500,000
1,500,000
   61,000
3,061,000

The loans are secured against the building and equipment. For loans totalling $3,000,000, consecutive monthly principal 
payments of  $9,260 are due until February 2037 on the outstanding balance of  $2,379,820 (September 30, 2015 - 
$2,490,940). For loans totalling $61,000, consecutive monthly principal payments of  $725 are due until February 2017 
on the outstanding balance of  $3,625 (September 30, 2015 – $12,325).

In fiscal 2015 and 2016 the Company negotiated a series of  loans totalling $1,115,000 with the BDC, for process 
equipment upgrades in its manufacturing facility. 

Equipment for Bioreactor Project  
Construction of  Manufacturing Facility  
Purchase of  Equipment for Facility  
Working capital loan 

$
615,000 
50,000 
200,000 
250,000 
1,115,000

For  loans  totalling  $615,000,  consecutive  monthly  principal  payments  of   $10,250  are  due  until  July  2020  on  the 
outstanding balance of  $471,500 (September 30, 2015 - $594,500). For loans totalling $50,000, consecutive monthly 
principal payments of  $1,040 are due to December 2019 on the outstanding balance of  $40,560 (September 30, 2015 – 
$50,000). For loans totalling $200,000, consecutive monthly principal payments of  $3,330 are due until December 2020 
on the outstanding balance of  $169,830 (Sept 30, 2015 – $200,000). On October 9, 2015, the Company entered into a 
loan agreement with BDC for $250,000, monthly principal payments of  $4,160 are due until December 22, 2020 on the 
outstanding balance of  $212,160 (Sept 30, 2015 – $Nil).

All of  these loans have a floating interest rate based on BDC’s floating base rate plus 0.5%. At September 30, 

2016, the floating base rate was 4.7%.

The commitment for the next five years for the BDC loans is as follows:

2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 

$
340,105
336,480
336,480
306,620
133,590
1,824,220

On April 16, 2015, the Company entered into a revolving line of  credit agreement with its Canadian chartered bank.  
The agreement allows the Company to draw to a limit of  $500,000 bearing interest at the bank’s prime lending rate 
plus 2.25%. Accounts receivable and property, plant and equipment are pledged as collateral for the bank credit facility.  

 7

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Business Development Corporation Debt (Continued)

Canadian Funds 

In the second quarter of  fiscal 2016, the Canadian chartered bank offered an additional $100,000 in temporary 
credit,  for  a  revised  temporary  credit  limit  of   $600,000,  while  the  bank  worked  with  management  to  evaluate 
an expanded credit facility, which was approved subsequent to September 30, 2016.  The Company had drawn 
$525,000 of  this temporary facility as at September 30, 2016.

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

1)  On December 12, 2016, the Company announced that it has arranged a new secured revolving credit facility 
jointly with The Toronto-Dominion Bank (“TD Bank”) and Export Development Canada (“EDC”). The new 
credit facility will be used for general corporate purposes, including the execution of  the Company’s overall 
growth strategy. 

  To accommodate the additional security required by TD Bank and EDC, the Company has negotiated amended 
terms with the two holders of  its issued and outstanding convertible debentures, in exchange for reducing their 
security position to one of  unlimited subordination to the credit facility lenders. 

  The largest debenture holder has two convertible debentures; a $2.5 million debenture maturing in 2028 that 
was originally convertible at $0.65 per common share, and a $1.5 million debenture maturing in 2029 that was 
originally convertible at $0.35 per common share. The conversion price for both of  these debentures has been 
amended to $0.23 per common share, and these debentures are now subject to restricted conversion privileges 
of  a combined total of  1 million shares per year for the next five years, with the remaining balances being eligible 
for conversion through the end of  their expiry dates in 2028 and 2029, respectively.

  The second debenture holder has two convertible debentures of  $0.5 million each, both originally convertible at 
$0.90 per common share and maturing on October 12, 2016 and February 15, 2017, respectively.  Terms of  these 
debentures have also been amended.  The October debenture now matures on April 30, 2017 and it becomes 
non-convertible, and the stated interest rate increases from 9% to 12% for the remaining term.  The February 
debenture maturity date has been extended to February 15, 2022, and the conversion price has been revised to 
$0.23 per common share.  In addition, the second debenture holder has received 1.5 million common share 
purchase warrants, with an exercise price of  $0.23 per common share and a term of  five years. 

  The  convertible  debenture amendments and  the issuance of   warrants  has  been approved by the Toronto 

Stock Exchange. 

2)  On October 5, 2016, Zeptometrix Corporation filed a statement of  claim against Microbix in Canadian Federal 
Court alleging infringement of  its Canadian patent. Microbix is defending the allegation maintaining it does not 
infringe this patent.

TREND INFORMATION
Historical  spending  patterns  are  no  indication  of   future  expenditures.  Investment  in  the  new  products  and 
technologies is at the discretion of  management. The Company is not aware of  any material trends related to its 
business that have not been discussed in this Management Discussion and Analysis dated December 20, 2016.

 8

Canadian Funds   
 
RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Canadian Funds 

The Company is exposed to business risks, both known and unknown, which may or may not affect its operations.  
Management works continuously to mitigate unacceptable risk, while still allowing the business to grow and prosper.  
These risk factors include the following:

A  significant  portion  of  Virology  Product  sales  are  dependent  on  key  clients,  open  borders,  international 
transportation systems, and access to raw materials.
A significant share of  the Company’s Virology products sales are sold to a few key customers globally.  These products 
contributed a significant share of  the revenue in 2016. The loss of  a key customer, or restrictions on export, import, or 
international transportation of  its products, raw materials or insufficient marketing resources, could materially impact 
revenue and profitability.

Environmental, safety and other regulatory
Microbix’  research  and  manufacturing  operations  involves  potentially  hazardous  materials.    The  Company  takes 
extensive precautions to appropriately manage these materials as regulated by the applicable environmental and safety 
authorities. Changes to environmental and safety legislation may limit the Company’s activities or increase costs. An 
environmental  accident  could  adversely  impact  its  operations.  Microbix’  diagnostic  products  are  not  regulated  by 
governments in Canada or other jurisdictions.  Commercialization of  certain products requires approval of  regulatory 
agencies such as the FDA, in which case Microbix will not receive revenue until regulatory approval is obtained. 

Manufacturing of Kinlytic®
The Company has entered into confidentiality agreements with several parties and advanced discussions are continuing 
with a select group of  potential partners interested in returning Kinlytic to the U.S. and Canadian markets, and ultimately 
to Europe, Asia and developing world markets. There is no assurance the Company will be successful in this endeavour.

LumiSort™ technology
The Company has developed a proprietary semen sexing technology that has a global patent estate.  In 2015 the Company 
successfully completed a prototype instrument that confirms the key patent claims.  The Company is currently working 
to secure a partner within the animal genetics industry to fund the next stage of  development, to build a commercial 
instrument and conduct field trials.   There is no assurance the Company will be successful in this endeavour.

Products in development
The Company has several products under development. It is impossible to ensure that these development activities will 
result in the completion of  new commercial products. If  the Company is unable to develop and commercialize products, 
it will be unable to recover the related research and development, and investment.

Product commercialization requires strategic relationships
To commercialize large market products in development, Microbix may need to establish strategic partnerships, joint 
ventures or licensing relationships with pharmaceutical, biotechnology or animal genetics companies.  It is possible the 
Company may be unable to negotiate mutually acceptable terms.

 9

Canadian Funds   
RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (Continued)

Canadian Funds 

Operating and capital requirements
Microbix earns a profit on the sale of  its Virology Products, which is a major source of  funding for its research and 
development activities. The Company believes that cash generated from operations is sufficient to meet normal operating 
and capital requirements. However, the Company may need to raise additional funds, from time to time for several reasons 
including, to advance its current research and development programs, to support various collaboration initiatives with 
third parties, to underwrite the cost of  filing, prosecuting and enforcing patents and other intellectual property rights, to 
invest in acquisitions, new technologies and new market developments. Additional financing may not be available, and 
even if  available, may not be offered on acceptable terms.

The Company’s success depends on the successful commercialization of our technology
The successful commercialization of  products under development is key to Microbix’ success. Product development in 
the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry is uncertain and there is no guarantee of  market acceptance. 

Failure to obtain and protect intellectual property could adversely affect business
Microbix’ future success depends, in part, on its ability to obtain patents, or licenses to patents, maintain trade secret 
protection and enforce its rights against others. The Company’s intellectual property includes trade secrets and know-how 
that may not be protected by patents. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to protect its trade secrets. 
To  help  protect  its  intellectual  property,  the  Company  requires  employees,  consultants,  advisors  and  collaborators  to 
enter into confidentiality agreements.  However, these agreements may not adequately protect trade secrets, know-how 
or other proprietary information in the event of  any unauthorized use or disclosure.  Protection of  intellectual property 
may also entail prosecuting claims against others who the Company believes are infringing its rights. Involvement in 
intellectual property litigation could result in significant costs, adversely affecting the development of  products or sales of  
the challenged product, or intellectual property, and divert the efforts of  its scientific and management personnel, whether 
or not such litigation is resolved in the Company’s favour.

Microbix will continue to face significant competition
Competition from life sciences companies, and academic and research institutions is significant. Many competitors have 
substantially greater product development capabilities and financial, scientific, manufacturing, sales and marketing resources 
than Microbix. While the Company continues to expand its technological capabilities in order to remain competitive, 
Microbix’ competitors are also making significant investments in research and development activities, and in intellectual 
property, which could make it more difficult for Microbix to commercialize its products and technologies.

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT 
The  primary  risks  affecting  the  Company  are  summarized  below  and  have  not  changed  during  the  fiscal  year. 
The list does not cover all risks, nor is there an assurance that the strategy of  management to mitigate the risks is 
sufficient to eliminate the risk.  

Credit risk:
The Company’s customers are primarily large multi-national companies with very high quality credit ratings. Given this 
track record, management perceives the credit risk to be low. Typically the outstanding accounts receivable balance is 
relatively concentrated with a few large customers representing the majority of  the value.  At September 30, 2016, five 
customers accounted for 59% (2015 – six for 63%) of  the outstanding balance.  The Company has had minimal bad 
debts over the past several years and accordingly management has recorded an allowance of  $10,000 (2015 - $18,295).

 10

Canadian Funds   
FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (Continued)

Canadian Funds 

Currency risk:
The Company is exposed to currency risk given its global customer base. Over 90% of  its revenue is denominated in 
either U.S. dollars or Euros.  The Company does not use financial instruments to hedge this currency risk. At September 
30, 2016, the significant balances, quoted in Canadian dollars, held in foreign currencies are:

Cash   
Accounts receivable 
Accounts payable and 
    accrued liabilities 

US dollars 

Sep 30, 
2016 

          5,259   
      1,065,198   

Sep 30, 
2015 
 41,015   
 944,667   

Euros

Sep 30, 
2016 
     29 
 674,433   

Sep 30,
2015
          - 
      934,864 

     474,498   

 554,642  

 22,451   

           76,552  

The impact of  a 5% increase in the Canadian dollar against the US dollar would result in a revenue loss of  about 4.7%. 
The impact of  a 5% increase in the Canadian dollar against the Euro would result in a revenue loss of  about 5%.    

Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk measures the Company’s ability to meet its financial obligations when they fall due. To manage this 
situation, the Company projects and monitors its cash requirements to accommodate changes in liquidity needs.     

Interest rate risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to interest rate risk include those assets and liabilities 
with a variable interest rate. Exposure to interest rate risk is primarily on the BDC debt that has a variable rate pegged 
to the bank rate. The rate can be fixed, if  the outlook indicates interest rates will move higher.  The only other 
variable debt the Company has is the $600,000 line of  credit that bears interest at the bank’s prime lending rate plus 
2.25%.  A 1% increase in the bank rate would cost the Company approximately $30,000 per year for BDC and about 
$6,000 on the line of  credit usage if  it were fully used throughout the fiscal year.

Market risk
Market risk reflects changes in pricing for both Virology products and raw materials based on supply and demand 
criteria; also market forces can affect foreign currency exchange rates as well as interest rates which could affect 
the  Company’s  financial  performance  or  the  value  of   its  financial  instruments.  Microbix  products  are  valuable 
components in our customers’ products and cannot be easily replaced. The Company works closely with customers 
to ensure its products meet their specific criteria.

Fair value
The fair value of  a financial instrument is approximated by the consideration that would be agreed to in an arm’s 
length transaction between willing parties and through appropriate valuation methods, but considerable judgement 
is required for the Company to determine the value.  The actual amount that could be realized in a current market 
exchange could be different than the estimated value. 

The fair values of  financial instruments included in current assets and current liabilities approximate their carrying 
values due to their short-term nature.

The fair value of  the long-term debt is based on rates currently available for items with similar terms and maturities.  
The convertible and non-convertible debenture fair values are not readily determinable as the convertible debentures 
have been issued to shareholders of  the Company.  The fair values of  financial instruments in other long-term 
liabilities approximate their carrying values as they are recorded at the net present values of  their future cash flows, 
using an appropriate discount rate.

 11

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES 
Canadian Funds 
The preparation of  these consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions 
that affect the reported amounts of  assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses.  The Company’s audited consolidated 
financial statements are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) and the 
reporting currency is Canadian dollars. On an on-going basis, management bases its estimates on historical and 
other experience and assumptions, which it believes are reasonable in the circumstances.  The significant accounting 
policies that the Company believes are the most critical in fully understanding and evaluating the reported financial 
results include:

Intangible Assets
Intangible assets include technology costs, patents, trademarks and licenses.  Each is recorded at cost and amortized 
on a straight-line basis over the term of  the agreements.   

Intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized but are assessed for impairment on an annual basis.

Impairment of  Long-lived Assets
The Company reviews the carrying value of  non-financial assets with definite lives for potential impairment when 
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The carrying value 
of  non-financial assets with indefinite lives, and of  non-financial assets with definite lives but are not ready for 
use, are assessed at least annually for impairment based on the impairment test on cash-generating units (CGUs).  
The impairment test on CGUs is carried out by comparing the carrying amount of  the CGU and its recoverable 
amount.  The recoverable amount of  a CGU is the higher of  fair value less costs to sell and its value in use.  This 
complex valuation process entails the use of  methods such as the discounted cash method which requires numerous 
assumptions to estimate future cash flows.  The recoverable amount is impacted significantly by the discount rate 
selected to be used in the discounted cash flow model, as well as the quantum and timing of  risk-adjusted future cash 
flows and the growth rate used for the extrapolation.

The impairment loss is calculated as the difference between the fair value of  the asset and its carrying value. 
Management has determined that no long-lived assets of  the Company as at September 30, 2016 have met the 
criteria for impairment.

Non-Convertible and Convertible Debentures
Management determines the fair value of  the debenture using valuation techniques.  Those techniques are significantly 
affected by the estimated assumptions used, including discount rates, expected life and estimates of  future cash flows.

Deferred income taxes
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated income tax consequences attributable 
to differences between financial statement carrying amounts of  assets and liabilities and their respective income 
tax  bases.  Deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  measured  using  tax  rates  expected  to  be  in  effect  when 
the temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effects of  changes in income tax rates are 
reflected in future income tax assets and liabilities in the year that the rate changes are substantively enacted.  

 12

Canadian Funds   
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES (Continued) 

Canadian Funds 

Share-based payments
The Company applies the fair value method of  accounting for stock-based compensation for awards granted to 
officers, directors, employees and consultants of  the Company.  The fair value of  the award at the time of  granting is 
determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, and recognized as a compensation expense on a straight-
line basis over the vesting period with an offsetting amount recorded to contributed surplus.  The amount of  the 
compensation cost recognized at any date at least equals the value of  the portion of  the options vested at that 
date.  When stock options are exercised, the consideration paid by employees or directors, together with the related 
amount in contributed surplus, is credited to capital stock.  When an employee leaves the Company, vested options 
must be exercised within 90 days, or the options expire.  Any options that are unvested are reversed in the period 
that the employee leaves.

 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The fair value of  a financial instrument is approximated by the consideration that would be agreed to in an arm’s 
length transaction between willing parties and through appropriate valuation methods, but considerable judgment 
is required for the Company to determine the value.  The actual amount that could be realized in a current market 
exchange could be different than the estimated value.  

The  carrying  amounts  of   cash  and  cash  equivalents,  accounts  receivable,  bank  indebtedness  and  accounts 
payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term maturities of  these instruments. Based 
on available market information, the fair value of  the obligation under capital lease approximates its carrying value.
The fair value of  the long-term debt is based on rates currently available for items with similar terms and 
maturities.  The fair value of  the liability for each convertible debenture has been calculated and the residual is 
accounted for in equity.

The Company does not have any off  balance sheet financial instruments.

MANAGEMENT’S RESPONSIBILITY FOR FINANCIAL REPORTING

Disclosure Controls
The Chief  Executive Officer and the Chief  Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness of  the Company’s 
disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in the National Instrument 52-109 Certification of  Disclosure in 
Issuer’s Annual Filings (NI 52-109F1).  As at September 30, 2016, management has concluded that the disclosure 
controls are effective in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s 
reports is recorded, processed summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Canadian Securities 
Administrator’s rules and forms.

Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
The design of  internal controls over financial reporting (“ICFR”) within the company is a management responsibility 
to  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  the  reliability  of   financial  reporting  and  that  the  preparation  of   financial 
statements for external purposes is in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles of  IFRS.  While 
the CEO and CFO believe that the internal controls are adequate to provide the above information, the process to 
evaluate and document all policies and procedures that could impact financial reporting is continuously reviewed 
with  consultation  with  the  Audit  Committee.    Shareholders  should  be  aware  that  Microbix  is  a  small  company 
without the department resources associated with larger firms. Management is using the Committee of  Sponsoring 
Organization of  the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Framework and has concluded that the Internal Control 
over Financial Reporting (“ICFR”) as defined in NI 52-109 is effective as at the period ended September 30, 2016.
Examination by the Chief  Executive Officer and the Chief  Financial Officer showed that there were no changes 
to the internal controls over financial reporting during the period ended September 30, 2016 that have materially 
affected, or are reasonably thought to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting.

 13

Canadian Funds   
ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS ISSUED BUT NOT YET APPLIED
Canadian Funds 
Certain new standards, interpretations, amendments and improvements to existing standards were issued by the 
International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) or IFRS Interpretation Committee (IFRIC) that are mandatory 
at certain dates or later.  Management is still assessing the effects of  the pronouncements on the Company.  The 
standards impacted that may be applicable to the Company are following:

IAS 1 - Presentation of  Financial Statements
IAS 1, Presentation of  Financial Statements was amended by the IASB in December 2014. The amendments are designed 
to further encourage companies to apply professional judgement in determining what information to disclose in their 
financial statements. 

For example, the amendments make clear that materiality applies to the whole of  financial statements and that 
the inclusion of  immaterial information can inhibit the usefulness of  the financial disclosures. Furthermore, the 
amendments clarify that companies should use professional judgement in determining where and in what order 
information presented in the financial disclosures. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on 
or after January 1, 2016.  Earlier application is permitted.

IAS 16 and IAS 38 – Property, Plant and Equipment and Intangible Assets
IAS 16 and IAS 38, Property, Plant and Equipment and Intangible Assets were amended by IASB in December 2013.  The 
amendments clarify that the use of  revenue-based methods to calculate the depreciation of  an asset are not appropriate 
because  revenue  generated  by  an  activity  that  includes  the  use  of   an  asset  generally  reflects  factors  other  than  the 
consumption of  the economic benefits embodied in the asset. The IASB also clarified that revenue is generally presumed 
to be an inappropriate basis for measuring the consumption of  the economic benefits embodied in an intangible asset. 
This presumption, however, can be rebutted in certain limited circumstances.

IFRS 9 - Financial Instruments
IFRS 9, Financial Instruments was issued in final form by the IASB in July 2014 and will replace IAS 39 Financial 
Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. IFRS 9 uses a single approach to determine whether a financial asset is 
measured at amortized cost or fair value, replacing the multiple rules in IAS 39. The approach in IFRS 9 is based on 
how  an  entity  manages  its  financial  instruments  in  the  context  of   its  business  model  and  the  contractual  cash  flow 
characteristics of  the financial assets.

Most requirements in IAS 39 for classification and measurement of  financial liabilities were carried forward 
unchanged to IFRS 9. The new standard also requires a single impairment method be used, replacing the multiple 
impairment methods in IAS 39. IFRS 9 also includes requirements relating to a new hedge accounting model, 
which represents a substantial overhaul of  hedge accounting which will allow entities to better reflect their risk 
management activities in the financial statements. 

The most significant improvements apply to those that hedge non-financial risk, and so these improvements are 
expected to be of  particular interest to non-financial institutions. In addition, a single, forward-looking expected 
loss impairment model is introduced, which will require more timely recognition of  expected credit losses. IFRS 9 
is effective for annual period beginning on or after January 1, 2018.  Earlier application is permitted.

The Company will continue to assess any impact on the classification and measurement of  the Company’s 

financial assets, as well as any impact on the classification and measurement of  its financial liabilities.

 14

Canadian Funds   
 
ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS ISSUED BUT NOT YET APPLIED (Continued)

Canadian Funds 

IFRS 15 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers
IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers was issued by IASB in May 2014. The core principle of  the new 
standard is for companies to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of  goods or services to customers in amounts that 
reflect the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new 
standard will also result in enhanced disclosures about revenue, provide guidance for transactions that were not previously 
addressed comprehensively (for example, service revenue and contract modifications) and improve guidance for multiple-
element arrangements. The new standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018. Earlier 
application is permitted. IAS 11 Construction Contracts, IAS 18 Revenue, IFRIC 13 Customer Loyalty Programmes, 
IFRIC 15 Agreements for the Construction of  Real Estate, IFRIC 18 Transfers of  Assets from Customers, and SIC-31 
Revenue – Barter Transactions Involving Advertising Services. 

The Company has commenced a review process to assess any impact on its current revenue recognition policies 

and reporting processes. 

IFRS 16, Leases
On January 13, 2016, the IASB issued IFRS 16, which outlines requirements for lessees to recognize assets and liabilities 
for most leases. Lessees are required to recognize the lease liability for the obligations to make lease payments and a right-
of-use asset for the right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. Lease liability is measured at the present value of  
lease payments to be made over the term of  the lease. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at the amount of  the 
lease liability and adjusted for prepayments, direct costs and incentives received. 

The new standard will be effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019. Early recognition 
is  permitted,  provided  the  new  revenue  standard,  IFRS  15  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers,  has  been 
applied, or is applied at the same date as IFRS 16. The Company has commenced a review process to assess any 
impact on its current revenue recognition policies and reporting processes. 

 15

Canadian Funds   
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT

To the Shareholders of Microbix Biosystems Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Microbix Biosystems Inc., which comprise 
the consolidated statement of financial position as at September 30, 2016, and the consolidated statements of 
income and comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended and a 
summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information.

Management’s Responsibility for the Consolidated Financial Statements

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated financial statements 
in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards,  and  for  such  internal  control  as  management 
determines is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

Auditors’ Responsibility

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We 
conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require 
that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether the consolidated financial statements are free from material misstatement.

An  audit  involves  performing  procedures  to  obtain  audit  evidence  about  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the 
consolidated  financial  statements. The  procedures selected  depend  on the  auditors’ judgment,  including  the 
assessment  of  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  whether  due  to 
fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditors consider internal control relevant to the entity’s 
preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures 
that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness 
of  the  entity’s  internal  control. An  audit  also  includes  evaluating  the  appropriateness  of  accounting  policies 
used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall 
presentation of the consolidated financial statements.

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained in our audit is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis 
for our audit opinion. 

Opinion

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position 
of Microbix Biosystems Inc. as at September 30, 2016, and its financial performance and its cash flows for the year 
then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards.

Other matter 

The consolidated financial statements of Microbix Biosystems Inc. for the year ended September 30, 2015, were 
audited by another auditor who expressed an unmodified opinion on those consolidated financial statements dated 
December 31, 2015.

Toronto, Canada 
December 20, 2016 

 16

Canadian Funds  CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

As at September 30, 2016 and 2015    

ASSETS  

 CURRENT ASSETS  
 Cash  
 Accounts receivable (note 24)  
 Inventory (note 5)  
 Prepaid expenses and other assets (note 6)  
 Investment tax credit receivable (note 18)                         

Canadian Funds

2016 
$ 

2015
$

     104,180   
        5,415   
   2,021,872   
        1,692,074   
  3,395,993              3,625,268   
  216,389   
 150,250   

  55,541   
 182,398   

 TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS  

           5,661,219   

         5,788,161   

 LONG-TERM ASSETS
 Deferred tax assets (note 18)  
 Property, plant and equipment, net (note 7)                       
 Intangible assets, net (note 8)  

 TOTAL LONG-TERM ASSETS  

 TOTAL ASSETS  

 LIABILITIES  

 CURRENT LIABILITIES  
 Accounts payable and accrued liabilities  
 Current portion of  finance lease obligations 
 Current portion of  long-term debt (note 10, 27)                
 Current portion of  debentures (note 9) 
 Deferred revenue  

       TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES  

 Finance lease obligations 
 Non-convertible debenture (note 9) 
 Convertible debentures (note 9) 
 Long-term debt (note 10)  

 TOTAL LONG-TERM LIABILITIES  

 TOTAL LIABILITIES  

 SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY  
 SHARE CAPITAL (note 12)  
 EQUITY COMPONENT OF  
         CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES (note 9)  
 CONTRIBUTED SURPLUS (note 13)  
 ACCUMULATED DEFICIT  

 TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY  

 TOTAL LIABILITIES & SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY  

 Commitments and Contingencies (Note 28)
 Subsequent Events (Note 29) 

         1,130,000   
        12,251,984   
  6,204,260   

 530,000   
 11,867,476   
 5,361,321   

  19,586,244   

   17,758,797    

 25,247,463   

      23,546,958   

  1,898,515   
 1,647   
 1,069,455   
 1,595,882   
 683,494   

 2,488,013   
 6,180   
 757,430   
 694,284   
 189,550   

 5,248,993   

        4,135,457   

 11,012   
 635,020   
 1,127,657   
 2,933,040   

 12,658 
 690,062   
  1,966,536   
  3,065,335   

 4,706,729              5,734,591   

 9,955,722   

       9,870,048   

 31,299,416   

  30,990,459   

 2,351,425   
 4,937,649   
 (23,296,749)  

 2,351,425   
 4,380,182   
  (24,045,156)  

 15,291,741   

      13,676,910   

 25,247,463   

      23,546,958   

William J. gastlE
dirECtor 

Vaughn Embro-Pantalony
dirECtor 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of  these consolidated financial statements. 

 17

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                        
 
                      
 
            
 
 
 
 
                 
 
 
 
 
                     
 
  
           
 
 
 
            
  
 
 
 
 
          
 
 
 
 
    
 
   
 
 
 
 
               
 
               
 
 
               
 
              
                        
 
 
 
 
                    
 
                    
 
                    
 
                       
 
                          
 
 
 
 
 
             
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
 
  
  
 
            
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
                          
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

For the years ended September 30, 2016 and 2015   

Canadian Funds

SALES 

Virology products and technologies  
Licensing fees (note 11) 
Royalties  

TOTAL SALES           

COST OF GOODS SOLD

Virology products and technologies (note 5, 17) 
Royalties  

Total Cost of  Goods Sold        

GROSS MARGIN   

EXPENSES

Selling and business development (note 17) 

  General and administrative (note 17) 
Research and development (note 17) 
Financial expenses (note 21) 

 TOTAL EXPENSES 

NET OPERATING INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE 
       OPERATING INCOME FOR THE YEAR 

INCOME TAXES 
  Deferred income taxes (note 18) 
Current income taxes (note 18) 

NET INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME  
       FOR THE YEAR 

NET COMPREHENSIVE INCOME  
PER SHARE 

Basic (note 16) 
  Diluted (note 16) 

2016 
$ 

2015
$

       9,236,152  
       -       
 280,985  

        8,191,720 
      413,895 
        268,297 

 9,517,137  

        8,873,912 

 4,474,038  
 63,055  

  2,980,615  
        53,724 

   4,537,093  

       3,034,339 

 4,980,044  

       5,839,573 

 517,023  
 3,130,367  
 493,610  
 690,637  

     602,231 
 2,868,592 
    1,277,327 
 742,439 

 4,831,637  

      5,490,589 

 148,407  

  348,984 

 (600,000) 
 -       

     (265,000)
  -      

 748,407  

 613,984 

  0.009  
  0.009  

 0.008 
 0.007 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of  these consolidated financial statements. 

 18

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
        
  
 
        
  
 
        
  
          
         
    
 
 
 
 
 
        
  
 
 
 
           
 
 
 
                
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
                 
  
      
      
 
                
 
                
 
 
                
      
      
 
  
     
 
      
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the years ended September 30, 2016 and 2015   

OPERATING ACTIVITIES 

Net comprehensive income for the year 
Items not affecting cash  
    Amortization and depreciation (note 17) 
    Accretion of  debentures  
    Stock options expense (note 15) 
    Deferred revenue (note 11) 
    Deferred tax assets (note 18) 
    Change in non-cash working 

Canadian Funds

2016 
$ 

2015
$

 748,407  

 613,984 

           413,679  
          83,849  
        334,750  
 493,944  
 (600,000) 

        418,423 
        110,676 
     580,627 
 (223,100)
 (265,000)

capital balances related to operations (note 19)                        

                (561,321) 

   (640,208)

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES                                 

 913,308  

  595,402 

INVESTING ACTIVITIES  

Purchase of  property, plant and equipment (note 7)                                               
Additions from internal development of  intangible assets  (note 8)                    

 (702,580) 
 (938,546) 

 (3,438,607)
       (1,403,415)

CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES     

         (1,641,126) 

 (4,842,022)

FINANCING ACTIVITIES  

Repayments of  long-term debt (note 10) 
Repayments of  debentures (note 9)           
Proceeds from finance lease 
Proceeds from equipment loans (note 10) 
Proceeds from issuance of  credit facility (note 10) 
Proceeds from shareholder loan  
Proceeds from exercise of  warrants, net of  issue costs (note 14) 
Issue of  common shares, net of  issue costs 

    (320,270) 
 (76,171) 
               (6,180) 
                       250,000  
                     50,000  
 200,000  
                     -       
     531,674  

        (140,320)
       (55,338)
 18,838 
 865,000 
 475,000 
  -      
 1,738,434 
  901,830 

CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES                                     

   629,053  

 3,803,444 

NET CHANGE IN CASH  
DURING THE YEAR 

CASH - BEGINNING OF YEAR 

CASH - END OF YEAR 

Supplementary Cash Flow Information (Note 20) 

         (98,765) 

      (443,176)

        104,180  

         547,356 

 5,415  

          104,180 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of  these consolidated financial statements. 

 19

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                           
                         
                                
                                
                              
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
                              
 
 
 
                                  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                      
 
 
 
  
 
        
     
 
           
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

As at and for the years ended September 30, 2016 and 2015  

Canadian Funds

  SHARE CAPITAL (note 12) 
STATED 
NUMBER OF 
CAPITAL 
SHARES 
$ 

CONTRIBUTED 
SURPLUS 
$ 

EQUITY  

TOTAL

COMPONENT OF   SHAREHOLDERS’

DEFICIT 
$ 

DEBENTURE   
$ 

EQUITY
$

BALANCE, SEPTEMBER 30, 2014  

   75,954,458  

 27,662,112  

 4,487,638    (24,659,140) 

 2,351,425  

 9,842,035 

Share issuances pursuant to
      stock options exercised 

Share issuances pursuant to
      conversion of  warrants 

Stock option expense 

  2,442,000  

 1,589,913  

 (688,083) 

  4,807,799  

 1,738,434   

 580,627  

Net comprehensive income for the year 

 613,984  

  901,830 

  1,738,434 

  580,627 

 613,984 

BALANCE, SEPTEMBER 30, 2015         83,204,257  

 30,990,459  

 4,380,182    (24,045,156) 

 2,351,425  

 13,676,910 

Share issuances pursuant to 
      private placement 

 1,500,000  

  362,069  

Issuance of  warrants pursuant to 
      private placement 

Share issue costs pursuant to 
      private placement 

Stock option expense 

 237,931  

  (53,112) 

(15,214) 

  334,750  

Net comprehensive income for the year 

 748,407  

  362,069 

  237,931 

 (68,326)

 334,750 

  748,407 

BALANCE, SEPTEMBER 30, 2016        84,704,257  

 31,299,416  

 4,937,649    (23,296,749) 

 2,351,425  

 15,291,741 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of  these consolidated financial statements. 

 20

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As at and for the years ended September 30, 2016 and 2015  

Canadian Funds

1. NATURE OF THE BUSINESS

Microbix Biosystems Inc. (“Microbix” or the “Company”) (TSX: MBX) is incorporated under the laws of  Province of  Ontario. 
The Company develops biological products and technologies. The Virology Business (“Virology”) manufactures and develops cell 
culture-based biological products and technologies.  The Company has developed and acquired two technologies for large markets 
including the thrombolytic drug, Kinlytic® (Urokinase), and an animal reproductive technology in development, LumiSort™.  The 
Company continually invests in Virology to adopt current technologies and standards. The manufacturing facility operates under an 
infectious diseases biological license from the Canadian Food Inspection Agency.

The Company operates their Virology Business in its owned manufacturing facility at 265 Watline Avenue, Mississauga, Ontario, 
which is also the Company’s registered office.  

2. BASIS OF PREPARATION

The  Company’s  management  prepared  these  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  International  Financial 
Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) applicable to the preparation 
of  consolidated financial statements for the years ended September 30, 2016 and 2015. The Board of  Directors approved these 
consolidated financial statements on December 20, 2016.

3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of  Measurement
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, except for the revaluation of  
certain financial assets and financial liabilities to fair value.  For each entity, the Company determines the functional currency 
and  items  included  in  the  financial  statements  of   each  entity  are  measured  using  the  functional  currency,  which  represents 
the currency of  the primary economic environment in which each entity operates.  The consolidated financial statements are 
presented in Canadian dollars.

Basis of  consolidation
These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of  the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary, Crucible 
Biotechnologies  Limited,  which  the  Company  has  control.  Control  exists  when  the  entity  is  exposed,  or  has  rights,  to 
variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the 
entity. The non-controlling interest component, if  any, of  the Company’s subsidiaries is included in equity.

The financial statements of  the Company’s subsidiary is prepared for the same reporting period as the Company, using consistent 
accounting  policies.  All  intra-company  balances,  transactions,  unrealized  gains  and  losses  resulting  from  intra-company 
transactions and dividends are eliminated in full.

There  has  been  no  business  activity  in  the  subsidiary  during  the  fiscal  years  ended  September  30,  2016,  and  2015.  All 
significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Use of  estimates and judgments 
The preparation of  consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the 
reported amounts of  assets and liabilities, the disclosure of  contingent assets and liabilities at the date of  the consolidated 
financial statements and the reported amounts of  revenue and expenses during the reporting periods.  Actual results could 
differ from estimates and such differences could be material.  

Key areas of  managerial judgements and estimates are as follows: 

i)   Property, plant and equipment:   
  Measurement of  property, plant and equipment involves the use of  estimates for determining the expected useful lives of  
depreciable assets.  Management’s judgment is also required to determine depreciation methods and an asset’s residual value 
and whether an asset is a qualifying asset for the purposes of  capitalizing borrowing costs.

 21

Canadian Funds  3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)   

Use of  estimates and judgements (Continued)

ii)  Internally generated intangible assets:
  Management monitors the progress of  each internal research and development project. Significant judgment is required 
to  distinguish  between  the  research  and  development  phases.  Development  costs  are  recognized  as  an  asset  when  the 
following criteria are met: (i) technical feasibility; (ii) management’s intention to complete the project; (iii) the ability to 
use or sell; (iv) the ability to generate future economic benefits; (v) availability of  technical and financial resources; and 
(vi) the ability to measure the expenditures reliably. Research costs are expensed as incurred. Management also monitors 
whether the recognition requirements for development assets continue to be met and whether there are any indicators that 
capitalized costs may be impaired.  Upon satisfying the recognition requirements for development activities, management 
assesses the useful life of  the long lived assets in addition to assessing for impairment.

iii)  Financial assets and liabilities:
  Estimates  and  judgments  are  also  made  in  the  determination  of   fair  value  of   financial  assets  and  liabilities  and 
include assumptions and estimates regarding future interest rates, the relative creditworthiness of  the Company to its 
counterparties, the credit risk of  the Company’s counterparties relative to the Company, and the estimated future cash 
flows and discount rates.

iv) Income taxes:
  The Company recognizes deferred tax assets, related tax loss carry-forwards and other deductible temporary differences 
where it is probable that sufficient future taxable income can be generated in order to fully utilize such losses and deductions. 
This  requires  significant  estimates  and  assumptions  regarding  future  earnings,  and  the  ability  to  implement  certain  tax 
planning opportunities in order to assess the likelihood of  utilizing such losses and deductions.

v)  Impairment of  non-financial assets:
  The Company reviews the carrying value of  non-financial assets with definite lives for potential impairment when events 
or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The carrying value of  non-financial 
assets with indefinite lives, and of  non-financial assets with definite lives but not ready for use, are assessed at least annually 
for impairment based on the impairment test on cash-generating units (CGUs).  The impairment test on CGUs is carried 
out by comparing the carrying amount of  the CGU and its recoverable amount.  The recoverable amount of  a CGU is the 
higher of  fair value, less costs to sell and its value in use.  This complex valuation process entails the use of  methods such as 
the discounted cash method which requires various judgmental assumptions to estimate future cash flows.  The recoverable 
amount is impacted significantly by the discount rate selected to be used in the discounted cash flow model, as well as the 
quantum and timing of  risk-adjusted future cash flows and the growth rate used for the extrapolation.  Management has 
determined that its CGUs are Virology products and related technologies, LumiSort and Kinlytic® (note 25).

vi) Fair value of  share-based compensation:
  The Company measures the cost of  equity-settled transactions with employees by reference to the fair value of  the equity 
instruments at the date on which they are granted. Estimating fair value for share-based compensation transactions requires 
determining the most appropriate valuation model, which is dependent on the terms and conditions of  the grant. This 
estimate also requires determining the most appropriate inputs to the valuation model including the expected life of  the 
share option, volatility, dividend yield and forfeiture rates and making assumptions about them.

Revenue Recognition
Revenues from product sales are recognized when persuasive evidence of  an arrangement exists, the product is shipped, received 
or  accepted  by  the  customer,  there  are  no  future  performance  obligations,  the  purchase  price  is  fixed  and  determinable,  and 
collectability is reasonably assured.

Revenues from licensing are recognized when the service is rendered or the deliverables are substantially complete and other 
revenue recognition criteria are met.

For  upfront,  non-refundable  payments  received  in  accordance  with  the  execution  of   licensing  and  collaboration  agreements, 
revenue  is  deferred  and  recognized  over  the  performance  period,  the  period  over  which  the  Company  maintains  substantive 
contractual obligations.  

Amounts the Company expects to earn in the current year are included in the current portion of  deferred revenue and amounts 
expected to be earned in subsequent periods are included in deferred revenue.  The term over which upfront fees are recognized 
is revised if  the period over which the Company maintains substantive contractual obligations changes.

 22

Canadian Funds  3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Revenue Recognition (Continued)

Milestone payments are immediately recognized as licensing revenue when the condition is met, if  the milestone is not a condition 
to future deliverables and collectability is reasonably assured.  Otherwise, they are recognized over the remaining term of  the 
agreement or the performance period.  

Cash 
Cash consists of  cash on hand and deposits with banks and investments in highly liquid instruments with original maturities of  
three months or less. There are no cash equivalents held as at September 30, 2016 or 2015.

Financial assets and liabilities
All  financial  instruments,  including  derivatives,  are  included  on  the  consolidated  statements  of   financial  position  and  are 
measured either at fair market value or, in limited circumstances, at cost or amortized cost. Subsequent measurement and 
recognition of  the changes in fair value of  financial instruments depends upon their initial classifications as follows: 

•  Held-for-trading financial assets, measured at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recognized in current period 

net income;

•  Held-to-maturity assets, loans and receivables and other financial liabilities, initially measured at fair value and subsequently 

measured at amortized cost with changes recognized in current period net income; and

•  Available-for-sale financial assets, measured at fair value with subsequent gains, losses or impairment included in other 

comprehensive income until the asset is removed from the consolidated statements of  financial position.

The following summarizes the Company’s classification and measurement of  financial assets and liabilities:

Financial assets: 
  Cash  
  Accounts receivable 

Financial liabilities: 
  Accounts payable and 
  accrued liabilities 
  Deferred revenue 
  Finance lease obligation 
  Non-convertible debentures 
  Convertible debentures 
  Long-term-debt 
  Total Financial liabilities 

Classification 

Measurement 

2016 
$ 

2015
$

Held-for-trading 
Loans and receivables 

Fair value  
Amortized cost  

 5,415  
 2,021,872  

 104,180 
 1,692,074 

Other liabilities 
Other liabilities 
Other liabilities 
Other liabilities 
Other liabilities 
Other liabilities 

Amortized cost  
Amortized cost 
Amortized cost 
Amortized cost 
Amortized cost 
Amortized cost  

 1,898,515  
 683,494  
 12,659  
 879,304  
 2,479,255  
 4,002,495  
 9,955,722  

 2,488,013 
 189,550 
 18,838 
 934,346 
 2,416,536 
 3,822,765 
  9,870,048 

Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issuance of  financial assets or financial liabilities, other than 
financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit and loss (“FVTPL”), are accounted for as part of  the 
carrying amount of  the respective asset or liability at inception.  Transaction costs related to financial instruments measured at 
amortized cost are amortized using the effective interest rate over the anticipated life of  the related instrument.

Transaction costs on financial assets and financial liabilities measured at FVTPL are expensed in the period incurred.  Financial 
assets are derecognized when the contractual rights to the cash flows from financial assets expire or have been transferred.  All 
derivative instruments, including embedded derivatives, are recorded in the consolidated financial statements at fair value.

Inventories
Inventories are carried at the lower of  cost and market. Cost consists of  direct materials, direct labour and an overhead allocation 
and is determined on a first-in, first-out basis.  Market is defined as net realizable value, which is defined as the summation of  
the estimated selling price less the cost to complete less the cost to sell.  Management reviews its reserve for obsolete inventory 
annually for finished goods and work in process.

Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment (if  any). Cost includes the 
cost of  material, labour and other costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to a working condition for its intended use. 

Depreciation is calculated at rates which will reduce the original cost to estimated residual value over the estimated useful life of  
each asset. Depreciation commences once the asset is available for use.

 23

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Property, plant and equipment (Continued)

Depreciation is provided for at the following basis and rates:

Research and development equipment  
Other equipment and fixtures  
Buildings  

 Declining balance, 10-100%
 Declining balance, 10-30%
 Straight line, 50 years

Land is not depreciated.  Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted 
prospectively, if  appropriate.

Finance lease obligation
Leases that transfer substantially all of  the benefits and risks of  ownership of  the asset to the Company are accounted for as 
finance leases.  At the time a finance lease is entered into, an asset is recorded together with its related long-term obligation, 
reflecting the fair value of  future lease payments, discounted at the appropriate interest rates.  Finance lease obligations are 
amortized over their estimated useful lives at the same rates used for other equipment and fixtures. All other leases are classified 
as operating leases and expensed on a straight-line basis.

Intangible assets
Intangible assets represent technology costs, patents and trademarks, and rights and licenses.  Each is recorded at cost and is amortized 
on a straight-line basis over the term of  the agreements or over the useful life of  the asset.  Amortization commences when the 
intangible asset is available for use. Intangible assets with definite lives, but not yet available for use, are assessed annually for impairment.

Impairment of  long-lived assets
An impairment charge is recognized for long-lived assets, including intangible assets with definite lives, when an event or 
change in circumstances indicates that the assets’ carrying value may not be recoverable. The impairment loss is calculated as 
the difference between the carrying value of  the asset and the recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of  
the fair value less costs to sell and value in use. Management has determined that no long-lived assets of  the Company in the 
years ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 have met the criteria for impairment.

Share-based compensation
The Company applies the fair value method of  accounting for share-based compensation for awards granted to officers, directors 
and employees of  the Company.  The fair value of  the award at the time of  granting is determined using the Black-Scholes option 
pricing model, and recognized as a compensation expense over the vesting period with an offsetting amount recorded to contributed 
surplus.  Each tranche in an award is considered a separate award with its own vesting period and grant date fair value. 

Share options issued to consultants of  the Company are based on the fair value of  the services provided. The amount of  the 
compensation cost recognized at any date at least equals the value of  the portion of  the options vested at that date.  When 
stock options are exercised, the consideration paid by employees or directors, together with the related amount in contributed 
surplus, is credited to share capital.  When an employee leaves the Company, vested options must be exercised within 90 days, 
or the options expire.  Any options that are unvested are reversed in the period that the employee leaves. A forfeiture rate 
is incorporated into the Company’s assumptions.  Forfeitures are estimated at the time of  grant and are based on historical 
experience.  To the extent that the actual forfeiture rate is different from the Company’s estimate, share-based compensation 
related to these awards will be different from the Company’s estimate and forfeiture rates for subsequent periods are revised.

Provisions
Provisions  are  recognized  when  the  Company  has  a  present  obligation  (legal  or  constructive)  as  a  result  of   a  past  event,  it  is 
probable that an outflow of  resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate 
can be made of  the amount of  the obligation. Where the Company expects some or all of  a provision to be reimbursed, the 
reimbursement is recognized as a separate asset, but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to any 
provision is presented in the consolidated statements of  income and comprehensive income, net of  any reimbursement.

Foreign currency translation
Each asset, liability, revenue and expense is translated into Canadian dollars by the use of  the exchange rate in effect on the date 
the transaction occurs.  Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into Canadian dollars at the 
exchange rate determined by the Bank of  Canada as at the year-end date.  Exchange gains and losses arising from these transactions 
are included in the consolidated statement of  comprehensive income for the year.

 24

Canadian Funds  3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Income per common share
The Company calculates basic income per share amounts for profit or loss attributable to ordinary equity holders. Basic income 
per share is calculated using the weighted average number of  common shares outstanding during the periods. Diluted income per 
share is calculated in the same manner as basic income per share except for adjusting the profit or loss attributable to ordinary equity 
holders and the weighted average number of  shares outstanding for the effects of  all dilutive potential ordinary shares.

Deferred taxes
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated income tax consequences attributable to differences 
between financial statement carrying amounts of  assets and liabilities and their respective income tax bases. Deferred income tax 
assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable income will be available against which temporary differences 
can be utilized. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary 
differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effects of  changes in income tax rates are reflected in deferred income tax 
assets and liabilities in the year that the rate changes are substantively enacted, with a corresponding charge to income.  The amount 
of  deferred tax assets recognized is limited to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.  

Research and development expenses
Costs associated with research and development activities are expensed during the year in which they are incurred net of  tax credits 
earned, except where product development costs meet the criteria under IFRS for deferral and amortization. 

Investment tax credits
The Company is entitled to Canadian federal and provincial investment tax credits, which are earned as a percentage of  eligible 
research and development expenditures incurred in each taxation year. These credits are only recognized to the extent that it is 
probable that there will be sufficient taxable income against which to utilize the benefits of  the credits in the foreseeable future.

4. ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS ISSUED BUT NOT YET APPLIED

Certain  new  standards,  interpretations,  amendments  and  improvements  to  existing  standards  were  issued  by  the  International 
Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) or IFRS Interpretation Committee (“IFRIC”) that are mandatory at certain dates or later.  
Management is still assessing the effects of  the pronouncements on the Company.  The standards impacted that may be applicable 
to the Company are following:

IAS 1 - Presentation of  Financial Statements
IAS 1, Presentation of  Financial Statements was amended by the IASB in December 2014. The amendments are designed to further 
encourage companies to apply professional judgment in determining what information to disclose in their financial statements. 

For example, the amendments make clear that materiality applies to the whole of  financial statements and that the inclusion of  
immaterial information can inhibit the usefulness of  the financial disclosures. Furthermore, the amendments clarify that companies 
should use professional judgment in determining where and in what order information presented in the financial disclosures. The 
amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016.  Earlier application is permitted.

IFRS 9 - Financial Instruments 
IFRS  9,  Financial  Instruments  (“IFRS“)  was  issued  in  final  form  by  the  IASB  in  July  2014  and  will  replace  IAS  39  Financial 
Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. IFRS 9 uses a single approach to determine whether a financial asset is measured at 
amortized cost or fair value, replacing the multiple rules in IAS 39. The approach in IFRS 9 is based on how an entity manages its 
financial instruments in the context of  its business model and the contractual cash flow characteristics of  the financial assets.

Most requirements in IAS 39 for classification and measurement of  financial liabilities were carried forward unchanged to IFRS 9. 
The new standard also requires a single impairment method be used, replacing the multiple impairment methods in IAS 39. IFRS 9 
also includes requirements relating to a new hedge accounting model, which represents a substantial overhaul of  hedge accounting 
that will allow entities to better reflect their risk management activities in the financial statements.

The most significant improvements apply to those that hedge non-financial risk, and so these improvements are expected to be of  
particular interest to non-financial institutions. In addition, a single, forward-looking expected loss impairment model is introduced, 
which will require more timely recognition of  expected credit losses. IFRS 9 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 
January 1, 2018.  Earlier application is permitted.

The Company will continue to assess any impact on the classification and measurement of  the Company’s financial assets, as well as 
any impact on the classification and measurement of  its financial liabilities.

 25

Canadian Funds  4. ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS ISSUED BUT NOT YET APPLIED (Continued)

IFRS 15 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers
IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“IFRS 15”) was issued by the IASB in May 2014.  The core principle of  
the new standard is for companies to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of  goods or services to customers in amounts 
that reflect the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new 
standard  will  also  result  in  enhanced  disclosures  about  revenue,  provide  guidance  for  transactions  that  were  not  previously 
addressed comprehensively (for example, service revenue and contract modifications) and improve guidance for multiple-element 
arrangements.  The  new  standard  is  effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  January  1,  2018.  Earlier  application  is 
permitted. IFRS 15 supersedes the following standards: IAS 11 Construction Contracts, IAS 18 Revenue, IFRIC 13 Customer 
Loyalty Programmes, IFRIC 15 Agreements for the Construction of  Real Estate, IFRIC 18 Transfers of  Assets from Customers, 
and SIC-31 Revenue - Barter Transactions Involving Advertising Services. 

The Company has commenced a review process to assess any impact on its current revenue recognition policies and reporting processes. 

IFRS 16, Leases
On January 13, 2016, the IASB issued IFRS 16, which outlines requirements for lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for most 
leases. Lessees are required to recognize the lease liability for the obligations to make lease payments and a right-of-use asset for 
the right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. Lease liability is measured at the present value of  lease payments to be 
made over the term of  the lease. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at the amount of  the lease liability and adjusted for 
prepayments, direct costs and incentives received.

The new standard will be effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019. Early recognition is permitted, 
provided the new revenue standard, IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers, has been applied, or is applied at the same 
date as IFRS 16. The Company has commenced a review process to assess any impact on its current revenue recognition policies 
and reporting processes.

IAS 16 – Property, Plant and Equipment and IAS 38 – Intangibles
In May 2014, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 16 and IAS 38, prohibiting the use of  revenue-based depreciation for property, 
plant and equipment and significantly limiting the use of  revenue-based amortization for intangible assets. These amendments are 
effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2016 and is to be applied prospectively. The Company has reviewed 
these standards and determined there is no material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

5. INVENTORIES

Inventories as at September 30, 2016 and 2015 consist of  the following:

Raw material 
Work in process 
Finished goods 

2016 
$ 

         253,556  
        840,249  
         2,302,188  
 3,395,993  

2015
$
 685,332 
 739,826 
 2,200,110 
 3,625,268 

During the year ended September 30, 2016, inventories in the amount of  $4,474,038 (2015 - $2,980,615) were recognized as 
an expense through cost of  sales. The allowance for inventory impairment as at September 30, 2016 amounted to $30,561 
(2015 - $53,597).

6. PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER ASSETS

Prepaid  expenses  and  other  assets  as  at  September  30,  2016  amounted  to  $55,541  (2015  -  $216,389)  and  primarily  consist  of  
insurance policy premiums, and in the prior year a contractually-required refundable deposit with a research and development 
partner, and retainers with the Company’s legal counsel.

 26

Canadian Funds   
  
 
7. PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT

The freehold land and building have been pledged as security for bank loans under a mortgage (see Notes 9 and 10). Property, plant 
and equipment consists of:

Cost 

Building 

$ 

Research &  
development  
equipment 
$ 

Other 
equipment  
 & fixtures 
$ 

Land 

$ 

Total

$ 

Balance, Oct 1, 2014                  4,536,288 
 14,814 
Additions  
                -       
Disposals 

  3,581,508  
  2,645,503 
-        

  3,570,596  
  778,290  
-       

 800,000  
            -       
            -       

 12,488,392
 3,438,607 
 -       

Balance, Sept 30, 2015                4,551,102 
Additions 
        11,281 
                              -       
Disposals 

  6,227,011  
 567,301  
-        

  4,348,886  
  123,997  
             -       

        800,000  
            -       
           -       

 15,926,999 
         702,579 
    -         

Balance, Sept 30, 2016  

    4,562,383  

  6,794,312  

  4,472,883  

        800,000           16,629,578 

Accumulated depreciation 

             790,320  
Balance, Oct 1, 2014 
Disposals 
                                    -      
Depreciation                                  152,288  

  501,115  
-       
  30,162  

  2,445,197  
      -       
 140,441  

        -       
            -       
      -       

       3,736,632 
-       
    322,891 

Balance, Sept 30, 2015                 942,608  
Disposals 
                 -      
Depreciation                                  152,504  

 531,277  
-       
 27,822  

  2,585,638  
     -       
 137,745  

         -       
            -       
            -       

     4,059,523 
     -      
 318,071 

Balance, Sept 30, 2016  

 1,095,112  

  559,099  

 2,723,383  

            -       

 4,377,594 

Net book value 

Balance, October 1, 2014             3,745,968  
Balance, September 30, 2015       3,608,494  
Balance, September 30, 2016       3,467,271  

 3,080,393  
 5,695,734  
 6,235,213  

 1,125,399  
 1,763,248  
 1,749,500  

 800,000  
 800,000  
 800,000  

   8,751,760 
 11,867,476 
 12,251,984 

Included in research and development equipment is $6,004,352 related to assets not yet available for use. Included in this 
amount is directly attributable interest from borrowings to finance these asset additions of  $154,492 (2015 - $135,000). These 
assets are not yet subject to depreciation. 

 27

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8. INTANGIBLE ASSETS   

Intangible assets, which comprise of  capitalized development costs, patents and trademarks and licenses are on average 
depreciated on a straight line basis at the following rates:

License agreement, LumiSort™ (Note 8a) 
Technology investments, patents and trademarks: 
   LumiSort™ (Note 8a) 

Intangible assets consist of:

5%

5%

Cost 

Capitalized 
development costs 

Patents and trademarks 

Licenses

LumiSort™  
(a) 
$ 

Bioreactor 
(c) 
$ 

Kinlytic® 
(b) 
$ 

LumiSort™  
(a) 
$ 

LumiSort™  
(a)
$

Total

Balance at October 1, 2014 
Additions from internal developments 

 24,795  
 5,737  

-        
 1,062,426  

2,770,529  
-       

 1,706,525  
 335,252  

278,528  
-        

4,780,377 
 1,403,415 

Balance at September 30, 2015 
Additions from internal developments 

  30,532  
  -       

 1,062,426  
 938,547  

2,770,529  
-       

 2,041,777  
 -        

278,528  
-        

 6,183,792 
 938,547  

Balance at September 30, 2016 

  30,532  

 2,000,973  

2,770,529  

 2,041,777  

 278,528  

7,122,339 

Accumulated amortization 

Balance at October 1, 2014 
Amortization expense  

Balance at September 30, 2015 
Amortization expense  

Balance at September 30, 2016 

Net book value

  3,769  
 956  

  4,725  
 1,032  

 5,757  

-        
-        

-        
-        

-        

-       
-       

-       
-       

 530,344  
  73,151  

 603,495  
  73,151  

 192,826  
21,425  

214,251  
 21,425  

 726,939 
 95,532 

 822,471 
95,608 

-       

  676,646  

235,676  

 918,079 

Balance, October 1, 2014 
Balance, September 30, 2015 
Balance, September 30, 2016 

 21,026  
  25,807  
  24,775  

-        
 1,062,426  
 2,000,973  

  2,770,529  
2,770,529  
2,770,529  

 1,176,181  
 1,438,282  
 1,365,131  

85,702  
64,277  
 42,852  

4,053,438 
5,361,321 
6,204,260 

a) Lumisort™
The  Company  acquired  a  license  agreement  from  Sequent  Biotechnologies  Inc.  (“Sequent”),  a  biotechnology  company  solely 
involved in the development and commercialization of  the LumiSort™ technology under license. New intellectual property with 
the issue of  patents has resulted from this research program.  These assets are in the process of  being developed and new patents 
are pending and under development.

The recoverable amount of  the Lumisort intangible has been determined based on its fair value less cost to sell.  Key assumptions 
include growth rates in line with industry expectations and a discount rate determined based on the Company’s best estimate of  
a risk adjusted discount rate.

b) Kinlytic®
The  Company  acquired  the  assets  and  rights  pertaining  to  development,  production,  and  licensing  of   Kinlytic®  from 
Abbott Laboratories in 2008. These assets are in the process of  being developed and new patents are pending and under 
development.

The recoverable amount of  the Kinlytic® intangible has been determined based on its fair value less cost to sell. This 
estimate uses risk-adjusted cash flow projections based on probability-weighted financial budgets. 

 28

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
 
 
 
 
8. INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Continued)

b) Kinlytic® (Continued)

Management made these assumptions based on probabilities of  technical, regulatory and clinical acceptances and 
financial support. Management believes that any reasonably possible change in the key assumptions on which the 
recoverable amount is based would not cause the carrying amount to exceed its recoverable amount.

The discount rate has been determined based on the Company’s best estimate of  a risk adjusted discount rate.

c) Bioreactor

The Company has internally developed an improved bioreactor production process to increase the efficiency and 
output of  manufacturing certain virology products.  As at September 30, 2016, the process development is complete.

9. DEBENTURES   

The Company has convertible and non-convertible debentures issued and outstanding as at year-end. The carrying values 
of  the debt component of  these debentures are as follows:
Note 

(b) 

(d) 

(c) 

(a) 

(e)

Date of  issue 
Face value 
Issue costs 

Liability component at: 

the date of  issue 
the report date 

Jan, 2014 
 $  2,000,000 
-       
$ 

Jan, 2014 
$  1,500,000  
65,559  
$ 

Feb, 2007 
$  500,000  
-        
$ 

Oct, 2006 
$  500,000  
-        
$ 

Sep, 2008
$  2,500,000
-      
$ 

$  928,373 
$    879,304 

$ 
$ 

517,470  
 537,686  

$  388,958  
$   492,812  

$  413,320  
$  498,786  

$ 
$ 

 885,089
 949,971

Equity component at:

the date of  issue and report date 

Conversion price per common share 

$ 

$  

 -       

$ 

916,971  

 $  111,042  

 $  86,680  

 $   1,236,732

-  

 $ 

0.35 

 $ 

0.90  

 $ 

0.90  

 $ 

0.65

Effective interest rate charged 
Payment frequency 
Maturity of  financial instrument 
Stated interest rate 
Terms of  repayment 

Blended quarterly repayment 

25.69% 
Quarterly 
Jan, 2029 
9% 
Principal 
and interest 
61,071 

$  

27.03% 
Quarterly 
Jan, 2029 
9% 
Interest 
only 
N/A 

13.00% 
Quarterly 
Feb, 2017 
9% 
Interest 
only 
N/A 

12.00% 
Quarterly 
Oct, 2016 
9% 
Interest 
only 
N/A 

25.69%
Quarterly
Jan, 2028
9%
Interest
only
N/A

The debentures denoted as (a), (b), and (e) are secured against the real property and the personal property of  the Company 
including, without limiting the foregoing, a registered second mortgage on the property at 265 Watline Avenue, Mississauga, 
Ontario, in favour of  the holder, its successors and assigns subordinate only to indebtedness to a Canadian chartered bank 
or similar financial institution on normal commercial terms up to their maximum principal. 

The debentures denoted as (c) and (d) are secured by a subordinated security agreement covering all of  the Company’s 
property and assets.

Convertible debentures contain two components: liability and equity elements. The equity element is presented in equity 
under the heading of  “equity component of  debentures”. Convertible debentures are initially accounted for in accordance 
with their substance and are presented in the consolidated financial statements in their component parts measured at the 
time of  issue.  The debt components were valued first with the residual to shareholders’ equity.  The Convertible debentures 
are convertible at the option of  the holder, at any time, into fully paid and non-assessable Common Shares of  the Company 
at the Conversion Price then in effect. 

All of  the debentures were issued to shareholders of  the Company. A holder of  a debenture has an economic interest in 
future earnings of  the Lumisort asset and will receive a distribution equal to 10% of  any future earnings that are derived 
from the Lumisort asset.

 29

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9. DEBENTURES (Continued)

Over the term of  the convertible debentures, the debt components will be accreted to the face value of  the debentures by the 
recording of  additional interest expense using the effective interest rate method, as detailed below. 

 Non-convertible  
 Debentures 

 Convertible  
 Debentures 

Convertible
Debentures Total

Date of  issue 
Proceeds of  issue 

Jan, 2014 
$2,000,000  

Jan, 2014 
 $1,500,000  

Feb, 2007 
 $500,000  

Oct, 2006 
 $500,000  

Sep, 2008 
$2,500,000  

$  

$  

 $  

 $  

$  

 $ 

Balance, October 1, 2014 
   Accretion expense 
   Repayments 
Balance, October 1, 2015 
   Accretion expense 
   Repayments 
Balance, September 30, 2016 
   Less: current portion 
   Non-current portion 

 924,700  
 236,790  
 (227,144) 
 934,346  
 189,574  
  (244,616) 
 879,304  
 244,284  
  $635,020  

521,886  
141,717  
(135,000) 
528,603  
 144,083  
(135,000) 
537,686  
135,000  
402,686  

 459,703  
 59,591  
 (45,000) 
 474,294  
 63,518  
 (45,000) 
 492,812  
 492,812  
 -       

 472,238  
 56,485  
 (45,000) 
 483,723  
 60,063  
 (45,000) 
 498,786  
 498,786  
 -       

917,017  
 237,899  
 (225,000) 
 929,916  
 245,055  
 (225,000) 
 949,971  
 225,000  
 724,971  

 2,370,844 
 495,692 
 (450,000)
 2,416,536 
 512,719 
 (450,000)
 2,479,255 
 1,351,598 
 1,127,657 

Note 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

(e) 

10. LONG-TERM DEBT

a)  In fiscal 2009 the Company negotiated a series of  loans totalling $3,061,000 with the Business Development Bank (“BDC”) 

for the original purchase and build-out of  its manufacturing facility. 

  Purchase of  the building 
  Construction of  manufacturing facility 
  Purchase of  equipment for facility 

$ 
1,500,000
1,500,000
61,000
3,061,000

  The long-term debt requires the Company to maintain certain qualitative and quantitative covenants.  As at September 30, 

2016, the Company was in compliance with these covenants.

  The loans are secured with the building and equipment. For loans totalling $3,000,000, consecutive monthly principal payments 
of  $9,260 are due until February 2037 on the outstanding balance of  $2,379,820 (September 30, 2015 - $2,490,940). For loans 
totalling $61,000, consecutive monthly principal payments of  $725 are due until February 2017 on the outstanding balance of  $3,625 
(September 30, 2015 – $12,325).

In fiscal 2015 and 2016 the Company negotiated a series of  loans totalling $1,115,000 with the BDC, for process equipment 
upgrades in its manufacturing facility.  

  Equipment for Bioreactor Project 
  Construction of  manufacturing facility 
  Purchase of  equipment for facility 
  Working capital loan 

 30

$ 
615,000
50,000
200,000
250,000
1,115,000

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10. LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued)

  For loans totalling $615,000, consecutive monthly principal payments of  $10,250 are due until July 2020 on the outstanding 
balance of  $471,500 (September 30, 2015 - $594,500). or loans totalling $50,000, consecutive monthly principal payments 
of  $1,040 are due to December 2019 on the outstanding balance of  $40,560 (September 30, 2015 – $50,000). For loans 
totalling $200,000, consecutive monthly principal payments of  $3,330 are due until December 2020 on the outstanding 
balance of  $169,830 (Sept 30, 2015 – $200,000). On October 9, 2015, the Company entered into a loan agreement with 
BDC for $250,000, monthly principal payments of  $4,160 are due until December 22, 2020 on the outstanding balance of  
$212,160 (Sept 30, 2015 – $Nil). 

  All BDC loans have a floating interest rate based on BDC’s floating base rate plus 0.5%. At September 30, 2016, the 

floating base rate was 4.7%.

  The commitment for the next five years for the BDC loans is as follows:

2017   
2018  
2019  
2020  
2021  
2022   

$ 
340,105 
336,480 
336,480 
306,620 
133,590 
1,824,220 

b)  On April 16, 2015, the Company entered into a revolving line of  credit agreement with its Canadian chartered bank.  The 
agreement allows the Company to draw on to a limit of  $500,000 bearing interest at the bank’s prime lending rate plus 
2.25%. Accounts receivable and property, plant and equipment are pledged as collateral for the bank credit facility.  

  As at September 30, 2016, the Canadian chartered bank had provided a $100,000 temporary addition to the line of  credit 

and the Company had drawn on $525,000 of  the facility (2015 - $475,000).

c)  During the year, the Company issued two outstanding shareholder loans for total proceeds of  $200,000.  These loans are 

due for repayment December 31, 2016 and bear interest of  10% per annum.

11. DEFERRED REVENUE

In 2007, the Company entered into an agreement with the Animal Fine Breeding Station (partner) of  Hebei Province in China, 
as the exclusive distributor of  Microbix’ proprietary Semen Sexing Technology (“SST”). Under the terms of  the agreement, 
the Company had received a non-refundable payment of  US$400,000 and will receive an additional payment upon a milestone 
achievement.  Royalty  fees  and  payment  for  materials  will  be  made  with  product  sales.    In  2014,  this  payment  was  being 
accounted for in accordance with its substance and was presented in the consolidated financial statements as deferred revenue 
on the consolidated statement of  financial position.

In 2015 the Company advised the partner that the SST program has been abandoned as the Company has gone in a different 
direction with the recent completion of  its LumiSortTM prototype technology. With SST development permanently cancelled, 
the  non-refundable  deposit  was  recorded  in  the  consolidated  statement  of   comprehensive  income  during  the  year  ended 
September 30, 2015.

 31

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12. SHARE CAPITAL

The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of  common shares with no par value and an unlimited number of  
preference shares with no par value. 

On October 13, 2015 and October 19, 2015 (the “Closing Date”), the Company completed a private placement offering of  
an aggregate of  1,500,000 units for total gross proceeds of  $600,000, net proceeds of  $531,674 after share issuance costs of  
$68,326. Each unit consists of  one common share of  Microbix and one common share purchase warrant. Each whole warrant 
entitles the holder to purchase one additional common share at an exercise price of  $0.55 for five years. (note 14) The financing 
was non-brokered. An aggregate of  81,550 Finder’s Warrants were issued in the private placement offering. Each Finder’s 
Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one unit at a price of  $0.46 for a period of  five years.

The  number  of   issued  and  outstanding  common  shares  and  the  share  capital  of   Microbix  as  at  September  30,  2016  are 
presented below:  

Balance, October 1, 2014 
Exercise of warrants 
Exercise of stock options 
Balance, September 30, 2015 
Issued on private placement 
Exercise of warrants 
Exercise of stock options 
Balance, September 30, 2016 

13. CONTRIBUTED SURPLUS

Changes in contributed surplus as at September 30, 2016 are described as follows:

Balance, October 1, 2014 
Stock options exercised 
Stock option expense 
Balance, September 30, 2015 
Stock options exercised 
Issuance of warrants pursuant to private placement 
Share issue costs pursuant to private placement 
Stock option expense 
Balance, September 30, 2016 

Number of  
Shares  
75,954,458 
4,807,799 
2,442,000 
83,204,257 
1,500,000 
- 
- 
84,704,257 

Stated 
Capital ($) 
 27,662,112  
1,738,433 
1,589,914 
30,990,459  
308,957 
- 
- 
 31,299,416  

$ 

 4,487,638 
 (688,083)
 580,627  
  4,380,182  
-
   237,931  
 (15,214)
  334,750  
 4,937,649   

 32

Canadian Funds   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
14. COMMON SHARE PURCHASE WARRANTS

A continuity of  the Company’s warrants outstanding as at September 30, 2016 and 2015 is presented in the following table:

Weighted
average 
exercise
price
$ 

Units 

Outstanding, October 1, 2014 
     Exercised 
     Expired 
Outstanding, September 30, 2015 
      Issued 
      Expired 
Outstanding, September 30, 2016 

 $  0.46            
  10,280,641  
  (4,807,799)    $  0.36
  (30,000)    $  0.40
 $  0.54
 $  0.55
-
 $ 
 7,024,392    $  0.54

 5,442,842  
 1,581,550 

- 

Warrants are recorded at the time of  the grant for an amount based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which is 
affected by the Company’s share price as well as assumptions regarding a number of  subjective variables.

A summary of  the Company’s warrants outstanding as at September 30, 2016 and 2015 is presented in the following table:

2016 

Weighted  
average  
exercise  
price  
$ 

Weighted 
average 
remaining 
contractual 
life 
years 

2015

Weighted  
average  
exercise  
price  
$ 

Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
life
years

Number  
outstanding  

Number  
outstanding  

  6,831,313  
 193,079  
  7,024,392  

 $ 
 $ 
 $ 

 0.55  
 0.25  
 0.54  

 3.13   
 0.02 
 3.13   

 5,249,763  
  193,079   
 5,442,842  

 $  0.55 
 $  0.25  
 $  0.54  

3.92 
 0.17 
 3.82

Range of  exercise prices: 

$0.55 
$0.24 to $0.40 

15. STOCK OPTION PLAN
On March 5, 2013, the shareholders of  the Company approved a resolution to amend the Company’s stock option plan.  
This amendment changed the total number of  common shares available to be issued under the plan from a maximum of  
10,000,000 to a maximum of  12,000,000 common shares.  Under the plan, the Company has a total of  4,007,000 options 
issued and pending (2015 – 4,872,000).  

The exercise price of  each option equals no less that the market price at the date immediately preceding the date of  the grant. 
In general, options issued under the plan vest and are exercisable in equal amounts in two steps, at the issue date and at the 
anniversary date in the subsequent years of  each issuance.  Management only expects a nominal amount of  stock options to 
be issued in the year.

 33

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15. STOCK OPTION PLAN (Continued)

The activity under the Company’s stock option plan for the periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 is:

Outstanding, October 1, 2014 
     Issued 
     Exercised 
     Expired or forfeitted 
Outstanding, September 30, 2015 
     Issued 
     Exercised 
     Expired or forfeitted 
Outstanding, September 30, 2016 

Exercisable, September 30, 2016 

Weighted
average 
exercise
price
$ 

Units 

 $ 
 4,354,000  
 $ 
3,010,000 
 $ 
 (2,442,000) 
  (50,000) 
 $ 
 4,872,000     $ 
 $ 
 - 
 $ 
 -  
 $ 
 (865,000) 
  4,007,000     $ 

0.36
 0.54 
 0.37 
 0.35 
0.45
-
-
0.37
0.47

 1,668,600      $ 

0.37

The exercise price of  each option equals the closing market price of  the Company’s capital stock on the day preceding the 
grant date.

The following table reflects the number of  options, their weighted average price and the weighted average remaining contract 
life for the options grouped by price range as at September 30, 2016 and 2015:

2016 

Weighted  
average  
exercise  
price  
$ 

Weighted 
average 
remaining 
contractual 
life 
years 

2015

Weighted  
average  
exercise  
price  
$ 

Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
life
years

Number   
outstanding  

Number  
outstanding  

 2,923,000   
  1,084,000   
 4,007,000   

 $ 
 $ 
 $ 

0.54  
 0.28  
 0.47  

2.79  
 2.10  
 2.60  

  2,985,000  
 1,887,000  
 4,872,000   

 $   0.33  
 $  0.32 
 $  0.45  

 3.09 
0.10 
 3.62 

Range of  exercise prices: 
$0.39 to $0.55 
$0.26 to $0.39 

The volatility of  the stock for the Black-Scholes option pricing model was based on the five year historic volatility of  the 
Company’s stock price on the Toronto Stock Exchange.  Management believes that the historic stock volatility provides 
a fair and appropriate basis of  estimate for the expected future volatility of  the stock. Stock options are assumed to be 
exercised at the end of  the option’s life, as management believes the probability of  an early exercise is remote. During 
2016, the fair value of  the options vested in the year were expensed and credited to contributed surplus in the amount of  
$334,750 (2015 – $580,627).

 34

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16. INCOME PER SHARE

Basic income per share is calculated using the weighted average number of  shares outstanding. Diluted income per share 
reflects the dilutive effect of  the exercise of  stock options, warrants and convertible debt. The following table reconciles 
the net income and the number of  shares for the basic and diluted income per share computations:

Numerator for basic income per share: 
     Net income available to common shareholders ($) 

Denominator for basic income per share: 
     Weighted average common shares outstanding 
     Effect of  dilutive securities:
        Warrants   
        Stock Options 
        Convertible debentures 

Denominator for diluted income per share 
     Income per share
        Basic    
        Diluted 

2016 

2015

 $748,407  

 $613,984  

 84,656,531  

 80,868,855  

  20,687  
 28,571   
-  

 293,822  
 984,729 
- 

 84,705,789  

  82,147,406  

$0.009 
$0.009 

$0.008
$0.007

The following represents the warrants, stock options and convertible debentures not included in the calculation of  diluted 
EPS due to their anti-dilutive impact:

Pursuant to warrants 
Under stock options 
Pursuant to convertible debentures 

2016 

6,831,313 
3,607,000 
9,242,979  
19,681,292 

2015

- 
- 

7,000,000
7,000,000 

 35

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
17. EXPENSES BY NATURE

The Company has chosen to present its statements of  comprehensive income based on the functions of  the entity. The 
consolidated statements of  comprehensive income include the following expenses by nature:

Depreciation and amortization

Included in: 
   Cost of  goods sold 
   General and administrative expenses 
   Reasearch and development expenses 
Total depreciation and amortization  

Employee costs

Short-term wages, bonuses and benefits 
Share based payments   
Total employee costs 

Included in: 
   Cost of  goods sold 
   Research and development expenses 
   General and administrative expenses 
   Selling and business development expenses 
Total employee costs 

18. INCOME TAXES 

Income Taxes consist of  the following, as at September 30:

Provision based on combined federal 
     and provincial statutory rates 
     of  25.00% (2015 – 26.50%)  

Increase (decrease) resulting from 
    Non deductible expenses 
    Stock-based compensation 
    Effect of  change in tax rate 
     Valuation allowance    
    Other   

Income tax recovery 

2016 
$ 

  290,249  
         1,032  
              122,398  
  413,679  

2016 
$ 

3,352,076  
334,750  
3,686,826 

2,088,639 
347,081 
     878,534  
          372,572  
3,686,826 

2015 
$

 292,729  
 956    
 124,738   
418,423  

2015 
$

3,707,140 
580,627
4,287,767

2,500,247 
536,086  
928,248 
323,186  
4,287,767 

2016 
$ 

2015 
$  

37,102   

 92,481  

 88  
  83,688   
 205,745  
 (789,889) 
 (136,734)  

(600,000) 

 402     
 153,866     
-    

 (894,745)
 382,996   

 (265,000)  

 36

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
18. INCOME TAXES (Continued)

The Company has unclaimed research and development expenses, research and development investment tax credits and 
accumulated losses for income tax purposes. Certain of  these credits have been recognized to the extent that it is probable 
that there will be sufficient taxable income against which to utilize the benefits of  the credits in the foreseeable future.

The accumulated non-capital losses may be used to reduce taxable income in future years and must be claimed no later than:

2030 
2031 
2032 

The significant components of  deferred income tax assets are summarized as follows:

Deferred income tax assets: 
    Non-capital loss carry-forwards 
    Difference in net book value compared 
         to undepreciated capital cost 
    Deferred revenue  
Unclaimed research and 
        development expenditures 

Deferred income tax liability related to debentures 
Tax assets not recognized 
Deferred tax asset 

$ 
 352,000 
 1,145,000 
 1,223,000 
 2,720,000 

2015 
$

 930,702     

 330,406    
 105,441 

2016 
$ 

 680,097   

 535,598   
 183,325   

 3,664,086   

 3,926,246 

 (862,484) 
 (4,200,622) 

-  

 (955,460)
 (4,337,335)

- 

The unclaimed research and development investment tax credits may be carried forward and used to reduce federal income 
taxes.  These must be claimed no later than:

2023 
2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 
2028 
2029 
2030 
2031 
2032 
2033 
2034 
2035 
2036 

$ 
100,000 
149,000 
303,000 
293,000 
304,000 
395,000 
175,000 
220,000 
170,000 
123,100 
107,300 
132,000  
96,000  
60,000
2,627,400

 37

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18. INCOME TAXES (Continued) 

The associated tax benefits relating to the unclaimed credits are as follows:

Unclaimed research and development tax credits 
Tax assets not recognized 
Deferred tax assets related to investment tax credits 

19. CHANGES IN NON-CASH WORKING CAPITAL

Accounts receivable 
Inventory 
Prepaid expenses and other assets 
Investment tax credits receivable 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 

20. SUPPLEMENTARY CASH FLOW INFORMATION

Cash paid for interest 
Non-cash investing and financing activities: 
    Fees for equity placements 
    Purchase of  assets under capital leases 

21. FINANCIAL EXPENSES 

Cash interest: 
    Interest on long-term debt 
    Interest on debentures 
    Interest other 
    Interest income 
Non-cash interest: 
    Accretion on debentures 
Financial expenses 

22.  CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

2016 
$ 

2015 
$

 2,120,578  
    (990,578) 
          1,130,000  

 2,133,674   
 (1,603,674)
 530,000 

2016 
$ 

 (329,798)  
 229,275  
 160,848   
 (32,148) 
 (589,498) 
 (561,321) 

2015 
$

  449,434 
 (2,026,839)
 281,422 
 (6,624)
 662,399 
 (640,208)

2016 
$ 

2015 
$

  838,597  

 771,424  

                  - 

 7,476   

-   
 15,876  

2016 
$ 

          132,799   
           463,955   
          10,650   
           (616) 

    83,849   
          690,637   

2015
$

 142,717 
 488,682  
 3,149   
 (2,785)

 110,676 
 742,439  

The Company’s capital management objective is to safeguard its ability to function as a going concern to maintain its virology 
operations and to fund its development activities.  Microbix defines its capital to include the revolving line of  credit, shareholders’ 
equity, the BDC capital loans, and the debentures.  The capital at September 30, 2016 amounted to $22,328,085 (2015 - $20,423,853).

To date, the Company has used common equity issues, debentures, a mortgage and other financing to fund its activities. The equity 
is through private placements, the debentures are all controlled by private individuals known to the Company and the mortgage and 
other financing are with the BDC. If  possible, the Company tries to optimize its liquidity needs by non-dilutive sources, including 
investment tax credits, grants and interest income. The Company has a revolving line of  credit of  $600,000 with its Canadian 
chartered bank (see Note 10). 

 38

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22.  CAPITAL MANAGEMENT (Continued) 

The Company’s general policy is to not pay dividends and retain cash to keep funds available to finance the Company’s growth. 
However, the Board of  Directors may, from time to time, choose to declare a dividend in assets if  warranted by circumstances.  
There was no change during the year in how the Company defines its capital or how it manages its capital.

23. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Fair value

The Company categorizes its financial assets and liabilities measured at the fair value into one of  three different levels depending 
on the observation of  the inputs used in the measurement. 

For the 2016 and 2015 fiscal periods, the Company has carried at fair value financial instruments in Level 1. At September 30, 2016, 
the Company’s only financial instrument measured at fair value is cash, which is considered to be a Level 1 instrument. There were 
no transfers between levels during the year.

The three levels are defined as follows:

a)  Level 1: Fair value is based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

b)  Level 2: Fair value is based on inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are not observable for the asset or 

liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices); and

c)  Level 3: Fair value is based on valuation techniques that require one or more significant unobservable inputs.

The following table provides the fair value measurement hierarchy of  the Company’s assets and liabilities. 

Date of  
valuation 

Quoted prices 
in active 
markets 
(Level 1) 
$ 

Significant 
observable 
inputs 
(Level 2) 
$ 

Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
$

Assets measured at fair value: 
    Cash  

30-Sep-16  

 5,415    

      -   

          - 

Liabilities for which fair values are disclosed: 
    Non-convertible debentures 
    Convertible debentures 
    Long-term-debt 

30-Sep-16   
30-Sep-16   
30-Sep-16   

-   
 -   
-   

 -   
 -   

 4,002,495  

   879,304
  2,479,255 

 -  

Date of  
valuation 

Quoted prices 
in active 
markets 
(Level 1) 
$ 

Significant 
observable 
inputs 
(Level 2) 
$ 

Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
$

Assets measured at fair value: 
    Cash  

30-Sep-15  

 104,180    

      -   

          - 

Liabilities for which fair values are disclosed: 
    Non-convertible debentures 
    Convertible debentures 
    Long-term-debt 

30-Sep-15   
30-Sep-15   
30-Sep-15   

-   
 -   
-   

 -   
 -   

3822765  

  934,346 
   2,416,536  

 -  

 39

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Continued)

The fair value of  a financial instrument is approximated by the consideration that would be agreed to in an arm’s length transaction 
between  willing  parties  and  through  appropriate  valuation  methods,  but  considerable  judgement  is  required  for  the  Company  to 
determine the value.  The actual amount that could be realized in a current market exchange could be different than the estimated value. 

The fair values of  financial instruments included in current assets and current liabilities approximate their carrying values due to 
their short-term nature.

The  fair  value  of   the  long-term  debt  is  based  on  rates  currently  available  for  items  with  similar  terms  and  maturities.    The 
convertible and non-convertible debenture fair values are not readily determinable as the convertible debentures have been issued 
to shareholders of  the Company.  The fair values of  financial instruments in other long-term liabilities approximate their carrying 
values as they are recorded at the net present values of  their future cash flows, using an appropriate discount rate.

24. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT

The primary risks that affect the Company are set out below and the risks have not changed during the reporting periods.  
The list does not cover all risks to the Company, nor is there an assurance that the strategy of  management to mitigate the 
risks is sufficient to eliminate the risk. 

Risks arising from financial instruments and risk management

The Company’s activities expose it to a variety of  financial risks: market risk (including foreign exchange risk), credit risk 
and liquidity risk. The Company’s overall risk management program focuses on the unpredictability of  financial markets 
and seeks to minimize potential adverse effects on the Company’s financial performance.
Risk management is the responsibility of  the corporate finance function. Material risks are monitored and are regularly 
discussed with the Audit Committee of  the Board of  Directors

Credit risk

The Company’s cash is held in accounts or short-term interest bearing accounts at one of  the major Canadian chartered 
banks.  Management perceives the credit risk to be low.  There is a concentration of  accounts receivable risk due to the few 
large customers comprising the Company’s international customer base.  In fiscal 2016, five customers account for 59% 
(2015 - six customers account for 63%) of  revenue.  The Company has had minimal bad debts over the past several years 
and accordingly management has recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts of  $10,000 (2015 - $18,295). 

Trade accounts receivable are aged as follows as at September 30:

Current 
0 - 30 days past due 
31 - 60 days past due 
61 days and over past due 

Market risk and foreign currency risk

2016 
$ 

 1,649,260   
 96,390   
 276,222   
- 
 2,021,872   

2015 
$

 1,424,128 
 7,715  
 505  
 259,726  
 1,692,074  

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as foreign exchange rates, will affect the Company’s income or 
the value of  its financial instruments. The Company’s activities that result in exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency 
exchange rates consist of  the sale of  products and services to customers invoiced in foreign currencies and the purchase 
of  services invoiced in foreign currencies. The Company does not use financial instruments to hedge these risks.  As at 
September 30 the significant balances, quoted in Canadian dollars, held in foreign currencies are:

Cash  
Accounts receivable 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 

US dollars 

2016 
$ 
 5,259   
 1,065,198   
 474,498   

2015 
$ 
 41,015   
 944,667   
 554,642    

Euros

2016 
$ 
      29   
 674,433   
 22,451   

2015
$
          - 
  934,864 
  76,552  

 40

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
           
 
 
 
 
24. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (Continued)

Market risk and foreign currency risk (Continued)

Market risk is the risk that changes in product prices based on supply and demand criteria, foreign exchange rates and 
interest  rates  will  affect  the  Company’s  income  or  the  value  of   the  financial  instruments  held.  Microbix  products  are 
valuable components in many of  our customers’ products and not easily replaced.  The Company works closely with key 
customers to ensure our products meet critical customer results.

The Company’s percentage of  revenue and expenses by foreign currency for the years ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 are as follows:

Revenue 
European Euro 
U.S. dollars 

Expenses
U.S. dollars 

2016 

39%  
56% 

13% 

2015 

 45%  
50%

34%  

The impact of  a 5% increase in the Canadian dollar against the US dollar would result in a revenue loss of  about 4.7%.  
The impact of  a 5% increase in the Canadian dollar against the Euro would result in a revenue loss of  about 5%.  

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulties in meeting its financial liability obligations as they 
become due.  The Company has a planning and budgeting process in place to help determine the funds required to support 
the  normal  operating  requirements  on  an  ongoing  basis.    The  Company  has  financed  its  cash  requirements  primarily 
through issuance of  securities, short-term borrowings, long-term debt and debentures.  The Company controls liquidity 
risk through management of  working capital, cash flows and the availability of  sourcing of  financing.  

Interest rate risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to cash flow interest rate risk are those assets and liabilities 
with a variable interest rate.  Interest rate risk exposure is primarily on the BDC debt that has a variable rate that is pegged 
to the bank rate.  The rate can be fixed at the Company’s option, if  the outlook for interest rates should move higher.  The 
only other variable debt the Company has is the $600,000 line of  credit that bears interest at the bank’s prime lending rate 
plus 2.25%.  A 1% increase in the bank rate would cost the Company approximately $30,000 per year for BDC and about 
$6,000 on the line of  credit usage if  it were fully used throughout the fiscal year.

25 . SEGMENTED INFORMATION

The Company operates in two industries: (i) the development, manufacturing and distribution of  cell-based products and 
technology and, (ii) the provision of  facility, technical and production personnel for contract research and development. 
External revenue by segment is attributed to geographic regions based on the location of  customers:  North America, 
Europe and other foreign countries. The following is an analysis of  the Company’s revenue and profits from continuing 
operations by reportable segment:

Virology products and technologies 
Lumisort ™ 
Kinlytic®  
Total for continuing operations 

Segment revenue 

Segment profit

2016 
$ 

2015 
$ 

 9,517,137   
-    
-    
 9,517,137   

 8,873,912   
 -    
 -    
 8,873,912  

2016 
$ 

 748,407   

-    
-    
748,407  

2015
$

 613,984   

 -   
 -   
  613,984

Segment  revenue  reported  above  represents  revenue  generated  from  external  customers.  There  were  no  inter-segment 
sales in the current year (2015 - $Nil).

 41

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
   
   
 
 
           
   
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25 . SEGMENTED INFORMATION (Continued)

The accounting policies of  the reportable segments are the same as the Company’s accounting policies described in Note 
3. Segment profit represents the profit, after income tax. This is the measure reported to the chief  operating decision 
maker for the purposes of  resource allocation and assessment of  segment performance.

Segment assets 

Segment liabilities 

2016 
$ 

2015 
$ 

2016 
$ 

2015
$

Virology Products and Technologies 
Lumisort ™ 
Kinlytic®  

  12,733,028   
  8,613,906   
 2,770,529  
 24,117,463   

 13,254,452   
 6,991,978   
 2,770,528     

  23,016,958   

 9,955,722   
-  
-    
 9,955,722   

 9,066,596    
  803,452    
 -   

 9,870,048   

All assets are allocated to reportable segments other than current and deferred tax assets. Assets used jointly by reportable 
segments are allocated on the basis of  the revenue earned by individual reportable segments. All liabilities are allocated 
to  reportable  segments  other  than  borrowings  and  current  and  deferred  tax  liabilities.  Liabilities  for  which  reportable 
segments are jointly liable are allocated in proportion to segment assets.

Depreciation and 
amortization 

2016 
$ 

   319,103   
  94,576   
-  
 413,679   

2015 
$ 

  322,864   
  95,559   
 -    
 418,423   

Additions to
non-current assets 

2016 
$ 

2015
$

 1,073,825   
 567,301   
-    
 1,641,126   

  1,752,284     
 3,089,738      

 -   

 4,842,022    

Virology Products and Technologies 
Lumisort ™ 
Kinlytic®  

26. GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

The Company operates in three principal geographical areas: North America (country of  domicile), Europe and in other 
foreign countries. The Company’s revenue from continuing operations from external customers by location of  operations 
and information about its non-current assets by location of  assets are detailed below.

North America 
Europe 
Other foreign countries 

Revenue from 
external customers 

2016 
$ 

2015 
$ 

Non-current
assets

2016 
$ 

2015
$

 3,496,147   
 5,283,841   
 737,149  
 9,517,137   

 3,138,875   
 5,100,407   

 634,630     

 8,873,912   

 19,586,244   

-    
-    

 19,586,244   

 17,758,797   
 -   
 -   
 17,758,797   

 42

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Key management compensation

Key management personnel are those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling 
the activities of  the Company.  Key management includes three executive officers.  Compensation for the Company’s key 
management personnel was as follows:

Short-term wages, bonuses and benefits 
Share based payments 
Total key management compensation 

2016 
$ 

 796,880   
 236,329    
    1,033,209   

2015 
$
(Restated) 
 796,880   
 409,910 
 1,206,790   

The Company has issued and outstanding debentures with two shareholders of  the Company (see note 9).  During the 
year the Company issued two outstanding shareholder loans for total proceeds of  $200,000.  These loans are due for 
repayment December 31, 2016 and bear interest of  10% per annum.

28. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Lease commitments

2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 

Minimum annual payments on convertible and non-convertible debentures (see Note 9)

2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 and thereafter 

Contingencies

$ 
 41,152 
 7,062 
 3,096  
-
-
 51,850  

$ 

 1,626,742  
 604,242  
 604,242 
 604,242 
 8,944,891 
 12,384,359 

The Company is party to legal proceedings arising out of  the normal course of  business.  The results of  these litigations cannot 
be predicted with certainty, and management is of  the opinion that the outcome of  these proceedings is not determinable.  Any 
loss resulting from these proceedings will be charged to operations in the period when the loss becomes probable to occur and 
reasonably measurable.

 43

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

1)  On December 12, 2016, the Company announced that it has arranged a new secured revolving credit facility of  $1,000,000 
jointly with The Toronto-Dominion Bank (“TD Bank”) and Export Development Canada (“EDC”). The new credit facility 
will be used for general corporate purposes, including the execution of  the Company’s overall growth strategy. 

  To accommodate the additional security required by TD Bank and EDC, effective December 12, 2016, the Company 
has negotiated amended terms with the two holders of  its issued and outstanding convertible debentures, in exchange 
for reducing their security position to one of  unlimited subordination to the credit facility lenders. 

  The largest debenture holder has two convertible debentures; a $2,500,000 debenture maturing in 2028 that was 

originally convertible at $0.65 per common share, and a $1,500,000 debenture maturing in 2029 that was originally 
convertible at $0.35 per common share. The conversion price for both of  these debentures has been amended to $0.23 
per common share, and these debentures are now subject to restricted conversion privileges of  a combined total of  
1 million shares per year for the next five years, with the remaining balances being eligible for conversion through the 
end of  their expiry dates in 2028 and 2029, respectively.

  The second debenture holder has two convertible debentures of  $500,000 each, both originally convertible at $0.90 

per common share and maturing on October 12, 2016 and February 15, 2017, respectively.  Terms of  these debentures 
have also been amended.  The October debenture now matures on April 30, 2017 and it becomes non-convertible, 
and the stated interest rate increases from 9% to 12% for the remaining term.  The February debenture maturity date 
has been extended to February 15, 2022, and the conversion price has been revised to $0.23 per common share.  In 
addition, the second debenture holder has received 1.5 million common share purchase warrants, with an exercise price 
of  $0.23 per common share and a term of  five years. 

  The convertible debenture amendments and the issuance of  warrants has been approved by the Toronto Stock Exchange. 

  The Company is currently assessing the impact of  the new revolving credit facility and amended terms to the 

Company’s convertible debentures on the measurement of  the Company’s financial liabilities.

2)  On October 5, 2016, Zeptometrix Corporation filed a statement of  claim against Microbix in Canadian Federal 
Court alleging infringement of  its Canadian patent. Microbix is defending the allegation maintaining it does not 
infringe this patent.

30. COMPARATIVE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The comparative consolidated financial statements have been reclassified from statements previously presented to 
conform to the presentation of  the 2016 consolidated financial statements.

 44

Canadian Funds   
DIRECTORS

Peter M. Blecher 
Ontario, Canada
Staff Emergency Physician
Lakeridge Health Hospital

Mark A. Cochran 
Virginia, USA
Managing Director
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Vaughn C. Embro-Pantalony (1) (2)
Ontario, Canada
Chief Executive Officer and President
Microbix Biosystems Inc.

William J. Gastle (1) (2) 
Ontario, Canada
Executive Chairman
Microbix Biosystems Inc.

Cameron Groome (1)
Ontario, Canada
Pharmaceutical Executive

Martin A. Marino (1) (2)
Ontario, Canada
Pharmaceutical Executive

Joseph D. Renner (1) (2)
New Jersey, USA
Pharmaceutical Executive

CORPORATE INFORMATION

Corporate Counsel

Boyle & Co. LLP

Auditors 

Transfer Agent 

Ernst Young LLP
Chartered Accountants

Canadian Stock Transfer Company Inc. 
as the Administrative Agent for 
CIBC Mellon Trust Company
416-682-3860     1-800-387-0825

Bankers

The Toronto Dominion Bank 

Head Office

Microbix Biosystems Inc.
265 Watline Avenue, Mississauga,
Ontario  Canada  L4Z 1P3
Tel: 905-361-8910
Fax: 905-361-8911
www.microbix.com

NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING
The Annual Meeting of the Shareholders will be held
at the University Club, 380 University Avenue, Toronto, 
Ontario on Wednesday, March 8, 2017 at 1:00 PM.

ANNUAL REPORT
Additional copies of the Company’s 2016 Annual Report 
are available by contacting Microbix’ head office.

(1)Member of Audit Committee.
(2)Member of the Human Resources, 
  Compensation and Governance Committee.

SENIOR MANAGEMENT

William J. Gastle
Executive Chairman

Vaughn C. Embro-Pantalony
President and Chief Executive Officer

Charles S. Wallace
Chief Finanical Officer

Dr. Mark Luscher
Senior Vice-President, Scientific Affairs

Phillip Casselli
Senior Vice-President, Sales & Business Development

Kevin J. Cassidy
Vice President, Biopharmaceuticals

Christopher B. Lobb
General Counsel & Secretary

 45

Canadian Funds   
 
 
 
265 Watline Avenue, 
Mississauga, ON
Canada  L4Z 1P3
Tel: 905-361-8910   
Fax: 905-361-8911
1-800-794-6694
Web Site: www.microbix.com