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FY2021 Annual Report · Mineral & Financial Investments
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M&FI 

Mineral & Financial Investments Limited  

Annual Report and Financial Statements 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Full Year Highlights 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

•  Audited year-end Net Asset Value £6,438,000 up 17.6%, from £5,474,000 for the same period last year 

•  Net Asset Value Per Share (“NAVPS”) fully diluted (FD) 18.22p, up 17.5%, from 15.5p in FY 2020 

•  NAVPS FD has increased at compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 26.8% since 30 June 2017 

•  Net Asset Value has increased at CAGR of 27.4% since 30 June 2017 

• 

Investment Portfolio now totals £5,822,000 up 9.5% during past 12 months, from £5,315,000.  

•  NAVPS performance exceeds that of the FTSE 350 Mining and Goldman Sachs Commodity Indices since 

2017 (Fig. 1).  

NET ASSET VALUE 

30 June 
2017 

30 June 
2018 

30 June 
2019 

30 June 
2020 

June 30 
2021 

Net Asset Value (‘000) 

£2,443 

£2,623 

£5,114 

£5,474 

£6,438 

Fully diluted NAV per share 

7.05p 

7.49p 

14.50p 

15.50p 

18.22p 

M&FI NAVPS vs. FTSE 350 Mining Index & GSCI1 
Indexed Performance (Fig. 1) 

 4.50

 4.00

 3.50

 3.00

 2.50

 2.00

 1.50

 1.00

 0.50

CAGR 
(%) 

27.4% 

26.8% 

 4.50

 4.00

 3.50

 3.00

 2.50

 2.00

 1.50

 1.00

 0.50

Dec 31, 2016

30-Jun-17

30-Jun-18

30-Jun-19

30-Jun-20

30-Jun-21

MAFL NAV INDEX  (Dec 31, 2016) RHS
MAFL NAVPS Index (Dec 31, 2016) LHS
Baker Steel Resource Trust  NAV  Index (Dec 31, 2016) LHS

 FTSE 350 Mining Index (Dec 31/2016) LHS
 Goldman Sachs Commodity Index (Dec 31 2016) LHS

Mineral & Financial Investments Limited (“M&FI”) is an investing company with the objectives of a mining 
finance house, which includes providing investment in and capital to finance mining companies and/or projects 
to provide our shareholders with superior returns. We will seek to provide financing and act as a good partner 
in exchange for meaningful ownership levels, and board representation if needed and appropriate. We will 
provide  advisory  services  when  possible  and  will  be  willing  to  make  follow-on  investments  in  the  investee 
companies if, and when, appropriate.   

The full details of our investing policy are set out in the Directors’ Report  

1 Source: Bloomberg LLC 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1 

Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CONTENTS 

REPORTS2 

Company Information 

Chairman’s Statement 

Chief Executive’s Report 

Strategic Report 

Directors' Report 

Corporate Governance Report 

Report on Remuneration 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Consolidated Income Statement and Consolidated Statement of 
Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

page 

2 

3 

4 

11 

13 

15 

20 

22 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

2 No comment or fact stated in these reports should be taken or interpreted as investment advice. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2 

Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

COMPANY INFORMATION 

DIRECTORS: 

REGISTERED OFFICE: 

COMPANY NUMBER: 

SECRETARY: 

NOMINATED ADVISER: 

JOINT BROKERS: 

REGISTRARS: 

SOLICITORS: 

AUDITORS: 

Mark T Brown, Chairman 
Jacques Vaillancourt, President & CEO 
James Lesser  
Sean Keenan 

One Nexus Way 
Camana Bay 
Grand Cayman 
KY1-9005 
Cayman Islands 

Incorporated in the Cayman Islands with registered 
number 141920 

Walkers SPV Limited 

W H Ireland 
24 Martin Lane 
London 
EC4R 0DR 
UK 

W H Ireland 
24 Martin Lane 
London 
EC4R 0DR 
UK  

Novum Securities Ltd. 
10 Grosvenor Gardens 
London 
SW1W 0DH 
UK 

Link Market Services (Jersey) Limited 
PO Box 532 
St Helier 
Jersey JE4 5UW 

Charles Russell Speechlys 
5 Fleet Place 
London 
EC4M 7RD 

Shipleys LLP 
Registered Auditor 
Chartered Accountants 
10 Orange Street 
London 
WC2H 7DQ 

COMPANY’S WEBSITE: 

www.mineralandfinancial.com 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 

Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT  
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

Dear shareholders, 

In this, my first Statement to you as Chairman of M&FI, I would like to thank the board and management for 
the work, cooperation and results achieved during a challenging year.  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 
(“M&FI”)  is  an  active  investing  company  working  to  provide  our  shareholders  with  significant  returns  by 
leveraging  our  in-house  expertise  to  provide  investment  capital  to  finance  modern,  responsible  mining 
companies and exploration projects globally. We focus on global metals market trends to take advantage of 
changes in metal markets and only invest in favourable jurisdictions with proven management teams. We will 
seek to provide financing and act as a good partner in exchange for meaningful ownership levels in public or 
private companies, and board representation or active oversight, if needed and appropriate. We will provide 
advisory services to add value when possible and will be willing to make follow-on investments in the investee 
companies if milestones are achieved. The full details of our Investing Policy are set out in the Directors’ Report.  

During  the  twelve-month  fiscal  period  ending  30  June  2021 the  Company  generated  net  trading  income  of 
£1,362,000 which translated into a net profit of £964,000 or 2.72p Fully Diluted (FD) per share for the period. 
At the period end of 30 June 2021, the Company’s Net Asset Value (NAV) was £6,438,000, an increase of 17.6% 
from the 30 June 2020, NAV of £5,474,000.  The Net Asset Value per Share – fully diluted (NAVPS-FD) as of 30 
June 2021 was 18.22p up from the 15.5p NAVPS FD achieved in the previous fiscal period.  Since 30 June 2016, 
the Company’s NAV has increased on average by 43% annually. We continue to be effectively debt free, with 
working capital of £6.5M. 

I  believe  M&FI’s  investment  performance  during  this  extraordinary  and  challenging  year  was  satisfying  in 
absolute terms, but also in relative terms. We continue to outperform the relevant internal Key Performance 
Indicators that we measure our performance against. Since 30 June 2017 the NAV per share of M&FI has grown 
at compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 26.8% per year. The FTSE 350 Mining Index has grown by a CAGR 
of 10.9% during the comparable period, while the Goldman Sachs Commodity Index appreciated by a CAGR of 
9.5% for the comparable period.  We believe that the next 12 months will be no less challenging; we believe 
that  we  are  well  positioned  for  the  upcoming  year  and  will  do  all  within  our  abilities  to  meet  our  internal 
expectations, and those of our shareholders. 

M&FI Portfolio Performance (Fig. 2) 

 £7,000,000

 £6,000,000

 £5,000,000

 £4,000,000

 £3,000,000

 £2,000,000

 £1,000,000

 £-

£3,685,698 

£3,909,713 

£1,063,734 

£224,384 

2019

£1,405,594 

£274,646 

2020

£4,230,332 

£1,711,929 

£854,729 

2021

£746,030 

£983,557 

£273,519 

2017

£776,856 

£1,319,177 

£422,307 

2018

Cash

Tactical

Strategic

M&FI  continues  to  seek  suitable  strategic  investment  opportunities  that  we  believe  will  generate  above 
average  returns  while  adhering  to  our  standards  of  diligence.  We  thank  you  for  your  support  and  we  will 
continue to work diligently, thoroughly and with prudence to advance your company’s assets. 

Mark T. Brown, CA CPA 
Chairman 
20 December 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4 

Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

FINANCIAL AND OPERATIONAL REPORT 

The Company generated gross profit of £1,362,000 during the fiscal year, an increase of 87.6% from the previous 
financial year’s gross profit of £726,000. The operating profit for the full year, ending 30 June 2021 was £1,021,000, 
an increase of 152% over the previous full year operating profit of £405,000. The full year net income was £964,000, 
an increase of 173% from the previous full year’s profit of £353,000. M&FI’s NAV per share increased 17.4% year over 
year to 18.22p. The overall cash and investment portfolios increased by 19.4% year over year to £6,680,000. 

We  believe  the  key  to  creating  shareholder  value  for  Mineral  &  Financial  Investments  is,  as  with  any  investment 
company is to generate positive investment returns and maintain low operating costs. More specifically operating 
costs which grow at a slower rate than the accretion in the Net Asset Value. Our full year total administrative costs 
totalled £341,000, a 7.9% increase over the previous year’s costs of £321,000 which further aided in improving our 
results.  

The world is recovering from the unexpected and difficult challenges resulting from the global pandemic caused by the 
spread  of  the  Covid  19  virus.  Global  economic  output  declined  by  3.1%  (Fig.  3),  as  measured  by  the  International 
Monetary Fund (IMF). In the IMF’s most recent global economic analysis1, Global Output for 2021 is estimated to have 
grown  by  5.9%,  which  is  forecasted  to  be  followed  in  2022  by  a  further  output  increase  of  +4.9%.  We  believe  the 
recovery has been propelled by both fiscal and monetary intervention by most governments globally, acting as both a 
mitigant to the economic damage of the pandemic, and secondarily as a propellant as we exit the lockdowns imposed 
around the world. Inflationary pressures were initially expected to be contained due to diminished economic activity. 
However,  due  to  the  afore-mentioned  stimulus  and  global  supply-chain  bottlenecks,  we  have  noted  inflationary 
pressures increasing significantly.  The IMF’s forecast estimates that global inflation should increase from 3.2% in 2020 
to 4.3% (+34%) in 2021. We anticipate the largest rise in inflation will be in Advanced Economies, which benefitted 
from more fiscal and monetary stimulus, seeing inflation quadrupling from 0.7% to 2.8% in 2021. 

IMF – WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK3 (Fig. 3) 

October 2021 

World Output 

Advanced Economies 
Emerging Markets and Developing Economies 

World Consumer Prices 

Advanced Economies 
Emerging Markets and Developing Economies 

2016 

3.3% 
1.8% 
4.5% 
2.7% 
0.7% 
4.3% 

2017 

3.8% 
2.5% 
4.7% 
3.2% 
1.7% 
4.4% 

2018 

2019 

2020       2021 (E)      2022 (F) 

3.6% 
2.3% 
4.5% 
3.6% 
2.0% 
4.9% 

2.8% 
1.7% 
3.7% 
3.5% 
1.4% 
5.1% 

-3.1% 
-4.5% 
-2.1% 
3.2% 
0.7% 
5.1% 

5.9% 
5.2% 
6.4% 
4.3% 
2.8% 
5.5% 

4.9% 
4.5% 
5.1% 
3.8% 
2.3% 
4.9% 

The growth in supply of US dollars, as measured by the US Federal Reserve Bank, is M1 up from US$4.0T, as of January 
2020, to the Fed’s latest revelation of M1 reaching US$20.0T – is a 400% increase in 20 month. At the same time, for 
a few years prior to the pandemic we believe the natural resource sectors had experienced years of constrained access 
to capital markets, resulting in diminished levels of exploration to satisfy future demand. The combination of these 
two macro-factors along with positive economic growth will, we believe, be positive for commodity pricing in 2021 
and 2022. Moreover, we believe that inflation will be longer lasting than is inferred and that precious metals should 
benefit disproportionately from this economic setting.  

Indices - July 1, 2020 to June 30, 2021 
Standard & Poor 500 
Nikkei 225 
Euro Stoxx 50 
Shanghai Shenzhen CSI 300 
Hang Seng 
FTSE 100 

GLOBAL STOCK INDEX PERFORMANCE1 (Fig. 4) 
2020 
3,106.7 
22,288.1 
3,234.1 
4,163.9 
24,301.6 
6,169.7 

2021 
4,291.8 
28,791.5 
4,064.3 
5,224.0 
28,994.1 
7,037.5 

% Ch. 
38.1% 
29.2% 
25.7% 
25.5% 
19.3% 
14.1% 

3 International Monetary Fund, “World Economic Outlook: Recovery During a Pandemic”, October 7, 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5 

Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

We believe the Fiscal and Monetary responses by most “advanced economy” governments have created fertile ground 
for  equity  markets  to  advance  this  year.  We  note  that  key  equity  markets  (Fig.  4)  benefited  from  strong  positive 
advances in the period that coincides with our fiscal year. The strongest market gains were experienced by the S&P 
500 rising by 38.1%, while the FTSE 100 was up 14.1% during the same 12-month period. 

Market valuations are, both absolutely and relatively, high by historical measures, as can be seen in (Fig. 5). The Shiller 
S&P 500 index, as composed by Prof. Robert Schiller of Yale University. The Schiller Index shows that the S&P 500’s 
Index current level for Price/Earnings (P/E) is 39.7x as at the day of writing this statement, a level reached only once 
more
before since 1870, in the run up to the 1999-2000 market peak. This valuation is implicitly assuming a flawless exit 
from the 2-year economic life-support offered by governments around the world.  

S&P 500 Historical Prices

S&P 500 Dividend Yield

10 Year Treasury Rate

S&P 500 Earnings

S&P 500 PE Ratio

multpl

Shiller PE Ratio

SCHILLER S&P 500 P/E INDEX4 (Fig 5) 

Chart Table FAQ

World commodity price performances during our fiscal year was positive (Fig. 6) for all but one of the commodities 
Share
that  we  follow:  Uranium  (-1.5%).  All  other  commodities  have  had  positive  price  performance  during  the  period. 
However,  the  notable  laggard  amongst  the  performances  has  been  gold.  We  have  committed  to  an  overweight 
position in precious metals, particularly gold. We remain committed to the belief that metals, and more specifically 
precious metals will outperform overall equity markets in the upcoming period. 

Current Shiller PE Ratio: 39.67 +0.09 (0.23%)

4:00 PM EST, Wed Nov 24

16.89
Mean:
Median: 15.86
Min:

4.78 (Dec 1920)

PRICE PERFORMANCE FOR VARIOUS COMMODITIES1 (US$, Fig 6) 

44.19 (Dec 1999)

earnings from the previous 10 years, known as the Cyclically

Max:
METALS 
Gold 
Silver 
Platinum 
Palladium 
Adjusted PE Ratio (CAPE Ratio), Shiller PE Ratio, or PE 10 —
Rhodium 
FAQ.
Copper 
Nickel 
Aluminum 
Zinc 
Lead 
Uranium 

30/06/18 
30/06/20 
Shiller PE ratio for the S&P 500.
$1,255 
$1,782 
$17.85 
$16.20 
Price earnings ratio is based on average inflation-adjusted
$804 
$853 
$1,835 
$945 
$5,800 
$2,080 
$6,013 
$6,525 
$12,748 
$14,740 
Data courtesy of Robert Shiller from his book, Irrational
$1,594 
$2,238 
Exuberance.
$2,057 
$3,089 
$1,786 
$2,436 
$72,312 
$59,730 

30/06/19 
$1,389 
$15.30 
$837 
$1,535 
$3,150 
$5,969 
$12,670 
$1,779 
$2,575 
$1,913 
$54,454 

See also
S&P 500 PE Ratio
S&P 500 Price to Sales Ratio

S&P 500 Earnings Yield

30/06/21 
$1,835 
$26.19 
$1,065 
$2,709 
$18,200 
$9,319 
$18,254 
$2,504 
$2,951 
$2,289 

30/11/21 
$1,788 
$22.92 
$51 
$1,707 
$12,850 
$9,652 
$20,284 
$2,641 
$3,351 
$2,343 
$71,209  $101,964 

% Ch. 
30/6/20 to 30/6/21 
3.0% 
46.7% 
32.5% 
47.6% 
213.8% 
55.0% 
43.2% 
57.1% 
43.5% 
28.2% 
-1.5% 

S&P 500 Price to Book Value

4 Shiller P/E ratio for the S&P 500.Price earnings ratio is based on average inflation-adjusted earnings from the previous 10 years, known as the 
Cyclically Adjusted PE Ratio (CAPE Ratio), Shiller PE Ratio, or PE 10  

Inflation Adjusted S&P 500

S&P 500 Earnings

Information is provided ‘as is’ and solely for informational purposes, not for trading purposes or advice, and may be delayed. 

You should sign up for our mailing list here. 

Copyright © 2021

contact@multpl.com

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6 

Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS 

The performance of various indices, commodities and share prices appear to have been strong during our fiscal year 
ending June 30, 2021. We note that the mining indices appear to have generated strong gains during this period. We 
believe that this performance is somewhat misleading, as it is our belief that markets were still mostly depressed in 
June 2020, and most appreciated sharply from the Q1-Q2 lows. However, some of these indices, as at our 30 June 
2021 year-end were still below the pre-COVID levels. For example, the FTSE 350 Mining Index is up 25.4% June 2020 
to June 2021, however, if we measure its performance as of 1 January 2020 (i.e., prior to the COVID related market 
correction) to 30 June 2021, the FTSE 350 Mining Index was up 2.34%, while the Company’s NAV rose from 15.19p 
to 18.22p (+20.0%) during the comparable period.  

The commodity markets performed very similarly to most equity markets – declining sharply from Mid-February 
2020 to Mid-March 20201. During this 5-week period the S&P 500 declined from 3,382 to 2300 (-32%)1.  Since that 
March low the S&P 500 has risen 105%1. The FTSE 100 Index, in contrast, remains 6.9% below where it was in mid-
February 20201. M&FI’s performance during this period compares very favourably to the FTSE 100, outperforming 
the FTSE 100 by 26.9% during the 1 January 2020 to 30 June 2021, period.  

It is our belief that commodity price performances (Fig. 6) were consistent with the overall performance of equity 
markets, inasmuch that the best performing metal commodities during the 12 and 18-month periods were the base 
metals our belief is that any economic recovery will lead us promptly to levels of economic prosperity that exceeded 
our levels prior to the “COVID-Crash”. The best performing metal from 30 June 2020, is Rhodium (+214%), which we 
note also remains below its pre-covid highs, while the worst performance was Uranium (-1.5%), and closely followed 
by gold (+3.0%). We believe that the inflationary pressures caused by the greatest increase in US money supply in 
history, along with the fiscal stimuli in most advanced economies, coupled with the supply-chain bottlenecks caused 
by the COVID related shutdowns and slow-downs will, in our opinion, not be “transitory”. We also believe that equity 
markets appear to have broadly concluded that the economic impact of COVID will be over soon and that the impact 
of the pandemic will also be “transitory”. We hope that COVID 19 is near its end, but we believe its effects will be 
with us for a long time to come as we believe it has caused not only short-term changes to our behaviour, but longer-
term structural changes in economic activity. Equity markets, as mentioned earlier, are trading at a higher valuation 
to their net earnings (fig. 5). If our belief is correct and inflation is more durable than expected, we believe valuations 
will come under pressure. We note that the valuation of many of the senior gold producers we own have, by our 
own internal calculations, valuations and/or yields that are below their historical averages and that of the overall 
markets.  We  do  not  believe  that  an  increased  inflationary  environment  will  be as  easily  subdued  as  pundits  are 
proposing and that we will be well served by being overweighted in precious metal investments in addition to our 
other investments. 

CASH 

Our liquidity as measured by our cash holdings as of 30 June 2021, was £855,000, up 211.2% from last year (Fig.2).  
The increase was due to the receipt of US$1.0M from Ascendant on June 22, 2021.  Our intention is to keep our cash 
and tactical portfolio’s combined value to be between 25% and 60%. They currently represent 38% of our total NAV, 
which is within our internal targets. As this mining cycle evolves our objective is to maintain a higher cash & Tactical 
Portfolio holding, so we are well placed to avail ourselves of investment opportunities further along in the economic 
and market cycles. 

TACTICAL PORTFOLIO 

The Tactical Portfolio gained 21.8% year over year (Fig. 2). Amongst the equity portfolio the following investments 
are noteworthy. 

UBS Gold ETF (CHF):  Our investments in precious metal bullion peaked at 5.2% of our portfolio values. We reduced 
our bullion, and gold equity holdings as gold exceeded $2000/oz in August 2020. Gold prices performed well in 2020-
21, reaching an all- time high spot price of $2,075/oz during the global economic uncertainties. We believe this was 
due  to  concerns  primarily  resulting  from  the  impact  of  the  spread  of  Covid-19,  reductions  in  short-  and  long-term 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7 

Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

interest  rates  and  large-scale  fiscal  stimulus  measures  in  major  economies,  a  weakening  of  the  trade-weighted  US 
dollar, and a search for safe-haven assets. We understand that investor demand from gold was exceptionally strong in 
2020, with the World Gold Council (WGC) reporting that collective ETF gold holdings grew by a record 877 tonnes 
during the year and reached an all-time high of approximately 3,752 tonnes in the fourth quarter of 2020. COMEX net 
long positions also reached all-time highs during 2020, a significant reversal of sentiment from the net short position 
that existed in late 20185.  

While we understand there was strong appetite for gold from the investment community, overall demand for gold in 
ounce terms fell in 20205, as the global pandemic and rising prices that reached all-time highs in US dollars, as well as 
in many non-US currencies, including in Euro, Pound sterling, Japanese yen, Indian rupee, and Chinese yuan, reduced 
both consumer demand for jewellery and net purchases by central banks5. Global jewellery demand was down 34% 
versus 2019, with China and India – responsible for over half of jewellery demand – down 35% and 42%, respectively5. 
Gold  demand  for  electronics  and  other  industrial  uses  fell  by  7%  in  2020  as  the  spread  of  Covid-19  reduced 
manufacturing activity and demand for electronics5. Central bank purchases of gold slowed in 2020 after 2018 and 
2019 represented the two highest years of net purchases in the last 50 years5. The WGC reports that central banks still 
added 273 tonnes to their reserves during 2020, even after experiencing a quarter of negative net accumulation in Q3 
20204. Some Central Banks looked to their holdings of gold as a source of liquidity in difficult economic times because 
of the global pandemic – with their ability to do so providing a strong statement as to why gold is a valuable reserve 
asset4. Russia suspended its purchases of gold in March 2020, taking a significant buyer out of the market during the 
remainder of the year5. Overall, though, central banks have now been net purchasers of gold for 11 straight years as 
they look to gold as a source of reserve diversification5.  

Overall  supply  of  gold  in  2020  decreased  by  4%,  the  first  annual  decline  since  2017,  mainly  attributable  to  a  4% 
reduction5 in global mine production tempered by a modest rise in recycled gold and net de-hedging by producers5. 
Global mine production fell for the second straight year in 2020, further confirming that the mining industry may have 
reached  peak  gold  production  for  the  foreseeable  future5.  Gold  production  recovered  in  the  first  half  of  2021  but 
remains 1.6%5 below production levels achieved in the 12 months leading up to Q1-2020, the start of the pandemic. 
The supply of recycled gold, which is historically positively correlated with the gold price, only increased by 1% in 2020 
despite record high gold prices and remains down 2% in Q2-20215 as the pandemic likely limited the ability of potential 
sellers to access the market.  

Barrick Gold Corp.:  Barrick Gold is the second largest gold producer in the world, the result of the merger of Barrick 
Gold and Randgold Exploration. Barrick represents 2.7% of our investment portfolios. The merged company is led by 
Barrick’s  CEO,  Mark  Bristow,  formerly  Randgold’s  CEO.  The  Company  acquired  our  initial  investment  in  Barrick  in 
response to the merger with Randgold, causing a technical sell-off as it relinquished its primary listing on the FTSE. 
This  meant  that  it  was  no  longer  eligible  to  be  held  by  European/UK  funds,  which  we  believed  resulted  in  some 
temporary  selling  pressure.  Since  31  December  2018,  Barrick  has  increased  its  cash  holding  to  >US$5.2B,  a  330% 
increase  in  cash  holdings.  Simultaneously,  Barrick  has  reduced  its  debt-to-equity  ratio  from  0.61:1.0  to  0.16:1.0. 
Barrick has solidly re-focused on profits rather than scale. We believe that Barrick will be a “go-to” gold stock when 
the broader markets become more attentive to the gold sector. Barrick has historically traded at valuations that were 
higher than the overall markets, and now trades at a Price/Earnings ratio which is 41% below that of the S&P 500 and 
offers a yield that is 47% higher than the yield of the S&P 500 Index.  

Cerrado  Gold:    We  initiated  our  investment  in  common  shares  of  Cerrado  Gold  in  2019  when  it  was  a  private 
exploration company, and it currently represents 6.3% of our investment portfolio. It is now a gold producer with an 
Argentinian mine (Mineiras Don Nicolas (MDN)) and expects to produce 50,000 oz of gold in the current year. During 
the year Cerrado published a Preliminary Economic Assessment (PEA) on its Brazilian exploration project, Monte do 
Carmo (MDC).  Monte do Carmo’s PEA indicates an after tax NPV@5% of US$617M along with an IRR of 94.8% based 
on an All in Sustaining Cost (AISC) over the Life of Mine (LOM) of US$612/Oz of Gold. Further details of this are set 
out in the Cerrado’s announcement dated August 23, 2021. The overall resource base of MDC has expanded to an 
Indicated  Resource  of  541,000/oz,  and  an  Inferred  resource  of  780,000/oz.  (i.e.,  Total  resource  to  date  of 
1,321,000/oz); MDN, which is in production, and La Calandria (nearby Don Nicolas) has expansion potential, and has 
a  Measured  and  Indicated  Resource  of  566,609/oz  and  inferred  of  399,709  oz.  The  total  resource  (Measured, 

5 World Gold Council – Gold Demand Trends Annual Reviews, 2019, 2020 and Q2-2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8 

Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

Indicated & Inferred) for Cerrado has grown from 813,000 oz in 2019 to 2,232,701 oz of gold, a 175% increase in 2 
yrs. We believe that Cerrado will continue to expand the resource base and succeed in getting MDC into production 
by 2025, by which time Cerrado could be producing as much as 215,000/oz to 285,0006/oz of gold p/year. 

Northern Star Resources Limited: Northern Star is an A$11.0B Australian Gold producer. Our investment in Northern 
Star represents 1.82% of our investment portfolios. Northern Star has buys established mines within what it terms 
“Production Centres”. Northern Star has three Production Centres: Kalgoorlie, Yandal, both in Australia and Pogo in 
Alaska. Their Production Centres are meant to use capital more efficiently and to operate with greater efficiencies of 
scale. The company’s guidance is towards increasing its production from the current 1.48M oz to achieving production 
of 2.0M oz of gold per year by 2026 

Equinox Gold: Equinox Gold is a Canadian mining company with a market cap of US$2.2B, 30.3M oz of M&I gold 
resources  and  has  been  executing  a  strategy  of  consolidating  single  mine  producing  companies.  Guidance  from 
Equinox suggests gold production of 600,000 oz. will be achieved in 2021. Equinox now produces from seven operating 
gold mines and plans to increase production by advancing a pipeline of growth projects. This investment represents 
1.75% of our investment portfolio. This company is delivering on its growth and diversification strategy, growing from 
a single-asset developer to a multi-mine producer and is advancing toward its vision of producing one million ounces 
of gold annually.  

Fresnillo Plc:  Fresnillo is a £6.7B Mexican mining company listed in London (as well as on Mexican and US stock 
exchanges) and is the largest silver producer in the world. Fresnillo trades at 14.5x p/e and offers a 2.65% yield. We 
acquired our shares after an earnings disappointment and have added to our investment since 30 June 2021.  The 
Juanicipio Mine, of which Fresnillo owns 56%, is entering into production in Q4 2021. We believe that Fresnillo is 
undervalued and will benefit from the completion of Juanicipio which should lead to a revaluation of its shares. 

Pretium Resources Inc: Pretium Resources is a Canadian Gold Producer with a single very high grade mine called 
Brucejack, located in British Columbia. Our investment in Pretium, as at our 2021-year end, represented 1.1% of our 
investment portfolios. Newcrest has since announced its intention to acquire Pretium at a 23% purchase premium 
after our year-end. The features which Newcrest explain motivated it to acquire Pretium are similar to those which 
attracted M&FI to invest in Pretium: The Brucejack Mine is a high-grade gold mine, in production, in a safe jurisdiction 
(British Columbia (BC), Canada) with state-of-the-art operations and environmental features (i.e., no-tailings dam) 
with, what we believe are, relatively simple logistics (i.e., near roads and a port as well as being connected to the 
power  grid).  Pretium’s  production  guidance  for  2021  is  production  of  325,000  to  365,000oz  of  gold  at  an  All-In 
Sustaining Cost (AISC) of $1,060/oz to $1,190/oz 

STRATEGIC PORTFOLIO 

The Strategic portfolio was up to £4.11M, or a 5.1% year on year increase (Fig. 2) as of 30 June 2021. The Portfolio 
performance was however impacted by the additional provision of £120,000 taken on CAP Energy Plc. This provision 
reduced the portfolio’s performance by 3.1%.  

Redcorp Empreedimentos Mineiros Lda.:  The Company owns 100% of TH Crestgate GmbH, which in turn owns 75% 
of Redcorp Empreedimentos Mineiros Lda. (Redcorp). Redcorp is a Portuguese company whose main asset is the 
Lagoa Salgada Project. In 2018 we entered into a sale and earn-in option agreement with Canadian listed company, 
Ascendant Resources. Ascendant can earn into 80% ownership of the Lagoa Salgada Project by completing US$9.0M 
of exploration work on the project, completing a Feasibility Study and completing its payments commitments to 
M&FI. Based on the Earn-in Agreement we have with Ascendant, by June 22, 2022, Ascendant is expected to have 
earned  into  50%  ownership  of  Redcorp.  During  this  upcoming  calendar  year  of  2022,  we  expect  to  receive  two 
further cash payments from Ascendant totalling US$3.5M as part of their earn-in to a net interest of 80% into the 
Lagoa Salgada Project. The value of our investment in Redcorp is based on the conservatively discounted value of 
the expected payments to be received from Ascendant in accordance with the 2018 agreement and the residual 
interest in Redcorp. The value of the residual interest in Redcorp is based on the discounted value of Ascendant’s 
historical  and  estimated  future  investment  for  it  to  reach  80%  ownership  of  the  project.  On  this  basis,  Redcorp 

6 Cerrado’s publicly stated production guidance as of November 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9 

Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

represents 48% of our NAV. The project has advanced from an initial resource of approximately 4.4Mt with Zinc 
Equivalent grade of 6.0% when, our now wholly owned subsidiary, TH Crestgate GmbH acquired Redcorp, to today 
– where it is a project led by Redcorp and Ascendant with a resource totalling 27.5Mt with a ~7% Zinc Equivalent 
grade.  After  the  end  of  the  period  under  review,  Redcorp  and  Ascendant  secured  a  mine  development  permit 
agreement  from  the  Portuguese  government.  In  addition,  on  November  8,  2021,  Redcorp  and  Ascendant  also 
completed a second PEA indicating that the Lagoa Salgada Project has, based on 100% ownership, a pre-tax NPV@8% 
of US$341.6M resulting in a pre-tax IRR of 68.2%, with a 1.3-year pre-tax payback based on its planned 14-year life 
of mine (see announcement dated November 8, 2021).  

Golden Sun Resources: The Company made its initial investment in Golden Sun Resources (GSR) in 2019 by acquiring 
convertible notes of GSR.  The Company have made two small follow-on investments in Notes with identical terms.  
As of the date of writing, these GSR notes represent a 4.7% net ownership in Golden Sun, which by the time the 
notes mature should represent approximatively 7.5% net ownership of Golden Sun. Golden Sun currently represents 
7.5% of our investment portfolios. The GSR notes will mature on 30 April 2024. Interest is chargeable and accrues at 
the rate of 20% per annum, calculated monthly in arrears on the outstanding Loan Amount and will become payable 
upon maturity, or the notes and interest can be converted into GSR shares at US$1.25 p/s.  Golden Sun has brought 
the  Bellavista  project  back  into  production.  Its  business  plan  is  to  expand  the  project  in  small,  financially  self-
sustaining phases. The next phase is to progress from pilot plant leach pad production to a 400 Tonnes per day 
Carbon in Leach (CIL) plant. The next phase, if successful, could result in production exceeding 30,000/oz of gold per 
year. Additionally, Golden Sun has applied for and secured several other Costa Rican exploration project licenses 
from the government. Most of these licenses are former production or exploration projects with historical resources 
that were re-possessed by the government when the owners failed to meet their commitments. We understand that 
Golden  Sun  has  evolved  to  become  a  respected  mining  company  by  the  Costa  Rican  Government.  We  also 
understand  that  this  has  been  achieved  by  the  company  exhibiting  market  leading  Environmental  and  Social 
practices. Golden Sun has progressed a little more slowly than we had hoped but has not deviated from the plan 
upon which we invested. We continue to believe this is a distinctive investment opportunity that should, over the 
next 24 months, be an attractive IPO listing and/or partner or acquisition target for a larger mining company seeking 
a significant foothold in a stable and advanced economy in Central America.  

Ascendant Resources: The Company owns 2.2M shares in Ascendant Resources, a Toronto Stock Exchange listed 
company. Ascendant’s focus is the Lagoa Salgada Project. Ascendant owns 25% of Redcorp, which owns 85% of the 
Lagoa Salgada Project.  Ascendant is subject to an earn-in option on M&FI’s 75% owned Redcorp Empreedimentos 
Mineiros Lda. LDA and its Lagoa Salgada Polymetallic project located on Iberian Pyrite Belt in South Central Portugal. 
The shares of Ascendant have performed well during the Company’s fiscal year, rising 28.7% and now represent 
5.8%  of  our  portfolio  investments.  Ascendant  has  achieved  important  operational  milestones  during  the  fiscal 
period.  During  the  twelve  months  ended  30  June  2021  Ascendant  has  completed  two  financings  allowing  it  to 
progress the Lagoa Salgada Project to where it currently stands. In 2021 it plans to drill 15,000m to support the 
completion of a definitive Feasibility Plan in late 2022. We continue to maintain our positive outlook for zinc prices 
and believe that Ascendant’s higher leverage to an improvement in the price of zinc should have a positive impact 
on its share price. 

Ideon Technologies: M&FI made its initial investment in 2019 and has since made a follow-on investment in 2021. 
Our initial investment was made at CA$0.37, and in its second, oversubscribed financing Ideon’s capital raise was 
completed  at  CA$1.00  per  share.  Ideon  now  represents  3.7%  of  our  portfolio  values.  We  are  advised  that  this 
company is within a quarter or two from reaching break-even financial results (although there can be no guarantee).  
Ideon Technologies Inc. is Canadian based company which we believe is a pioneer in the application of cosmic-ray 
muon tomography. Ideon’s discovery platform provides x-ray-like visibility up to 1 km beneath the Earth’s surface, 
much like medical tomography images the interior of the body using x-rays. Using proprietary detectors, imaging 
systems, inversion technologies, and artificial intelligence, it maps the intensity of cosmic-ray muons underground 
and constructs detailed 3D density profiles of subsurface anomalies. Ideon’s discovery platform can identify and 
image anomalies such as mineral and metal deposits, air voids, caves, and other structures with density properties 
that contrast with the surrounding earth. The potential result is a new exploration paradigm that could result in a 
90% reduction in core drilling, while increasing exploration certainty by 95% in the geological settings suited by 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

tomography. Whilst still at an early stage, the environmental impact from such a technological change would be 
meaningful.  

Cap Energy PLC:  CAP is an offshore oil and gas exploration company focused on West Africa. We are advised that 
the  management  and  largest  shareholders  of  CAP  are  ultra-high  net  worth  businesspeople  with  deep  and  wide-
ranging contacts in the various countries in West Africa and the energy industry. CAP is making slower progress than 
we would have expected after buying out its partners on its three offshore oil exploration projects. Additionally, 
Covid 19 issues have significantly slowed CAP’s progress at finding financial partners. During the fiscal year M&FI 
proposed two separate financing terms to CAP’s management, both were declined. CAP has chosen to approach its 
shareholders to complete a financing at 50p. We reduced our carrying value by 37.5% or £120,000. Our investment 
in  CAP  currently  represents  2.9%  of  our  NAV.    CAP  is  the  controlling  shareholder  and  the  operator  of  three 
exploration blocks: 1. Djiféré Block, offshore Senegal, which CAP now holds a 90% interest in the project; 2. Block 5B 
licence, located offshore Guinea-Bissau, of which CAP owns 85.5%, and; 3. Block 1, also offshore Guinea Bissau, 
which CAP now owns 76% of the licence. The most prospective licence is “Block 5B”- It is in deep water, but the 3D 
seismic analysis suggests that it is structurally analogous to the neighbouring SNE oil field which was the largest oil 
discovery in 2014 and is currently producing.  We continue to closely monitor CAP’s progress. 

Jacques Vaillancourt, CFA 
President, CEO & Director 
20 December 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

STRATEGIC REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

The Directors present their Strategic Report for the Company (Mineral & Financial Investments Ltd) and its subsidiary 
companies, together the “Group”, for the year ended 30 June 2021. 

RESULTS 
The Group made a profit after taxation for the year ended 30 June 2021 of £964,000 (2020: £353,000).  The Directors 
do not propose a dividend (2020: £nil).  

BUSINESS REVIEW AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS 
A review of the business in the period and of future developments is set out in the Chief Executive’s Report, which 
should be read as part of the Strategic Report.   

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS 
The key performance indicators are set out below:   

COMPANY STATISTICS 

Net asset value 
Net asset value – fully diluted per share 

Closing share price 
Share price (discount)/premium to net asset value – 
fully diluted 

Market capitalisation 

30 June 
2021 

£6,438,000 
18.2p 

11.5p 

(37%) 

£4,041,000 

30 June 
2020 

£5,474,000 
15.5p 

6.8p 

(56%) 

£2,389,000 

Change % 

+18% 
+17% 

+69% 

- 
+69% 

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES 
The key risk facing shareholders is that the value of the investments falls and that future returns to shareholders are 
therefore lower than they could have been.  

The  current  Covid-19  situation  will  continue  to  be  monitored  and  is  expected  to  evolve  over  time.  The  rapid 
development and fluidity of the situation makes it difficult to predict its ultimate impact at this stage. However, due to 
the nature of the Group's activities, the impact on the Group has been minimal and most of its investee companies are 
looking to expand their activities. Management will, however, continue to assess the impact of Covid-19 on the Group.  

Details of the financial risk management objectives and policies are provided in Note 18 to the financial statements. 

PROMOTION OF THE COMPANY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE MEMBERS AS A WHOLE 
While M&FI is incorporated in the Cayman Islands and therefore does not have to comply with the UK Companies Act, 
the  Company  considers  the  disclosures  within  the  Annual  Report  to  be  consistent  with  the  requirement  for  UK 
incorporated companies to include a Section 172 Statement which requires the directors to: 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

Consider the likely consequences of any decision in the long term  
Act fairly between the members of the Company  
Maintain a reputation for high standards of business conduct  
Consider the interests of the Company’s employees  
Foster the Company’s relationships with suppliers, customers and others and  
Consider the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and the environment.  

The Directors believe that during the year they have acted in the way most likely to promote the success of the Company 
for the benefit of its members as a whole and have adhered to the requirements set out above that are applicable to 
the Company given its scope of operations.  For example, the Company does not have any employees other than the 
directors, so considering employee interests is not relevant.  However, the Company has been focused on implementing 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

STRATEGIC REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

the  investment  strategy  previously  approved  by  shareholders  which  has  resulted  in  a  significant  improvement  in 
financial performance over the last 5 years. 

GOING CONCERN 
The  Group  has  prepared  cash  forecasts  to  December  2022  which  assume  no  significant  investment  activity  is 
undertaken unless sufficient funding is in place to undertake the investment activity and the forecasts demonstrate 
that the Group is able to meet its obligations as they fall due. The Directors have also considered the impact of Covid-
19 and have concluded that, given the cash reserves in place and the level of the Group’s ongoing costs, there are no 
material  factors  which  are  likely  to  affect  the  ability  of  the  Group  to  continue  as  a  going  concern.  Accordingly,  the 
Directors believe that as at the date of this report it is appropriate to continue to adopt the going concern basis in 
preparing the financial statements.  

For and on behalf of the Board  

Sean Keenan 
Director 
20 December 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

The Directors present their annual report together with the audited financial statements for the year ended 30 June 
2021.  

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITY AND INVESTING POLICY 
During the year the Company continued to act as an investment company. The following Investing Policy was adopted 
at a General Meeting held 28 November 2013: 

“The Company’s Investing Policy is to invest in the natural resources sector through investments in companies or 
other assets, which it considers to represent good value and offer scope for significant returns to Shareholders over 
the  long  term.  In  particular,  the  Company  will  focus  on  providing  new  capital  for  mining  companies  that  require 
finance for their projects. 

Investments will be made in the securities of quoted and unquoted companies and their assets, units in open-ended 
investment companies, exchange traded funds, physical commodities, derivatives, and other hybrid securities.  

As the Company’s assets grow the intention is to diversify company, geographic, and commodity risks. The Company 
will have a blend of passive and active investments and, if and when appropriate, it may seek to gain control of an 
investee company. 

Returns to shareholders are expected to be by way of growth in the value of the Company’s Ordinary Shares. The 
Company  may  also  from  time  to  time  make  market  purchases  to  buy  in  the  Company’s  Ordinary  Shares  if  the 
Directors consider this to be in the interests of shareholders as a whole. The Company will publish a quarterly update 
on its Net Asset Value (“NAV”). 

Mineral & Financial Investments Ltd.’s investment policy is focused on the metals and mining industry. 

The  Company’s  strategy  is  to  invest,  finance,  and  advise  metals  and  mining  companies  through  “Strategic” 
investments. The Company’s capital, when not deployed in strategic investments, will be captured and deployed in 
its “Tactical” portfolio. 

CHARITABLE AND POLITICAL DONATIONS 
No charitable or political donations were made during the year (2020: £Nil) 

STREAMLINED ENERGY AND CARBON REPORTING  

The  Directors  confirm  that  Mineral  &  Financial  Investments  Limited  and  its  subsidiaries  are  exempt  from  the 
Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting requirements by virtue of being a low energy user, and have consumed 
less than 40MwH during the year 

POST YEAR END EVENTS 
There have been no material post year-end events. 

DIRECTORS 
The Directors of the Company during the year and subsequently are set out below. 

Mark T Brown (appointed 10 February 2021) 
Jacques Vaillancourt     
James Lesser 
Sean Keenan 

There  is  a  qualifying  third-party  indemnity  provision  in  force  for  the  benefit  of  the  Directors  and  Officers  of  the 
Company. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

SUBSTANTIAL SHAREHOLDINGS 
The  only  interests  in  excess  of  3%  of  the  issued  share  capital  of  the  Company  which  have  been  notified  to  the 
Company as at 10 December 2021 were as follows: 

Mount Everest Finance SA* 
Lynchwood Nominees Limited 
Barry Reynolds 
P Howells 
T Darvall 
Alasdair Coulson 
Charles Cozens 

Ordinary shares of 
1p each 
number 
6,664,000 
3,472,000 
2,987,500 
1,661,548 
1,410,920 
1,159,841 
1,092,252 

Percentage 
 of capital 
% 
19.0% 
9.9% 
8.5% 
4.7% 
4.0% 
3.3% 
3.1% 

*Jacques Vaillancourt is the sole shareholder of Mount Everest Finance SA 

DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
The Company was incorporated as a corporation in the Cayman Islands, which does not prescribe the adoption of 
any particular accounting framework, however the Directors are required under the AIM rules of the London Stock 
Exchange to prepare the Group financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards 
("IFRS") as adopted by the European Union ("EU") 

The Directors are responsible for the preparation of the Group’s financial statements, which 
give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and of the profit, or loss of the Group 
for the period.  In preparing the financial statements, the directors are required to: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

make judgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

state  whether  IFRSs  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union  have  been  followed,  subject  to  any  material 
departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and 

prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the 
Company will continue in business. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records, for safeguarding the assets of the Company 
and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.  

In so far as the Directors are aware at the time this report was approved: 

• 

• 

there is no relevant audit information of which the Group's auditor is unaware; and 

the Directors have taken all steps that they ought to have taken to make themselves aware of any relevant 
audit information and to establish that the auditors are aware of that information. 

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information held on 
the Company's website. 

AUDITORS 
The  auditors  Shipleys  LLP  have  indicated  their  willingness  to  continue  in  office  and  a  resolution  that  they  be 
reappointed will be proposed at the Annual General Meeting. 

For and on behalf of the Board  

Sean Keenan 
Director 
20 December 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

The requirements of the combined code of corporate governance are not mandatory for companies traded on AIM.  
However,  the  Directors  recognise  the  importance  of  sound  corporate  governance  and  have  adopted  corporate 
governance principles that the Directors consider are appropriate for a company of its size. 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS 
The Board of Directors is responsible for the Group’s system of corporate governance.  It comprises an executive 
chairman, an executive chief operating officer and one other non-executive director.  The Chairman of the Board is 
Mark T Brown. 

The Board met regularly throughout the year.  It has a schedule of matters referred to it for decision, which includes 
strategy and future developments, allocation of financial resources, investments, annual and interim results, and risk 
management.   

INTERNAL CONTROL 
The Board is responsible for maintaining a strong system of internal control to safeguard shareholders’ investment and 
the Company’s assets and for reviewing its effectiveness.  The system of internal financial control is designed to provide 
reasonable, but not absolute, assurance against material misstatement or loss. 

ANTI-CORRUPTION AND BRIBERY POLICY 
The Company has adopted an anti-corruption and bribery policy which applies to the Directors. It generally sets out 
their  responsibilities  in  observing  and  upholding  a  zero-tolerance  position  on  bribery  and  corruption  in  all  the 
jurisdictions in which the Company operates as well as providing guidance on how to recognise and deal with bribery 
and corruption issues and the potential consequences. The Company expects all employees, suppliers, contractors and 
consultants to conduct their day-to-day business activities in a fair, honest and ethical manner, be aware of and refer 
to  this  policy  in  all  of  their  business  activities  worldwide  and  to  conduct  business  on  the  Company’s  behalf  in 
compliance with it. 

AUDIT COMMITTEE 
The  Audit  Committee  meets  twice  per  year  and  has  primary  responsibility  for  monitoring  the  quality  of  internal 
controls  and  ensuring  that  the  financial  performance  of  the  Company  is  properly  measured  and  reported  on.  The 
committee monitors the integrity of the financial statements of the Company, quarterly NAV updates and any other 
formal  announcement  relating  to  its  financial  performance.  It  receives  and  reviews  reports  from  the  Company’s 
management and auditors relating to the interim and annual accounts and the accounting and internal control systems 
in use throughout the Company. The Committee is also responsible for keeping under review the scope and results of 
the  audit,  its  cost  effectiveness  and  the  independence  and  objectivity  of  the  auditors.   The  members  of  the  Audit 
Committee are Mark T Brown and Sean Keenan. 

REMUNERATION COMMITTEE 
The  Remuneration  Committee  meets  at  least  once  per  year  to  exercise  independent  judgement  on  remuneration 
policies, practices and incentives.  The committee is created to manage risk, capital and liquidity, whilst overseeing 
objectives,  performance  and  compensation  of  the  Board  Chairman,  Executive  Directors  and  Senior  Management, 
ensuring that they are fairly rewarded (which extends to all aspects of remuneration) for their individual contribution 
to the overall performance of the Company.  The members of the Remuneration Committee are Sean Keenan and 
Mark T Brown.  

COMPLIANCE WITH THE CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE 
Changes to the AIM Rules on 30 March 2018 required AIM companies to apply a recognised corporate governance 
code.  The  corporate  governance  framework  which  the  Company  operates,  including  board  leadership  and 
effectiveness,  board  remuneration,  and  internal  control  is  based  upon  practices  which  the  Board  believes  are 
proportional to the size, risks, complexity and operations of the business and is reflective of the group’s values. Of the 
two widely recognised formal codes, we have therefore decided to adopt the Quoted Companies Alliance’s (“QCA”) 
Corporate Governance Code for small and mid-size quoted companies (revised in April 2018).  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

The QCA Code is constructed around ten broad principles and a set of disclosures. The QCA has stated what it considers 
to be appropriate arrangements for growing companies and asks companies to provide an explanation about how they 
are meeting the principles through the prescribed disclosures. We have considered how we apply each principle to 
the extent that the Board judges these to be appropriate in the circumstances, and below we provide an explanation 
of the approach taken in relation to each. 

The following paragraphs set out the Company’s compliance with the ten principles of the QCA Code and reasons for 
any non-compliance. 

1. Establish a strategy and business model which promote long-term value for shareholders 
M&FI is an investment company whose purpose is to create value for its shareholders by investing in, financing, and 
advising resource companies with a particular emphasis on mining companies. 
The Company runs two portfolios; the Tactical Portfolio for more liquid investments in which short and medium-term 
value  can  be  achieved  and  the  Strategic  Portfolio  for  longer-term  investments. Details  of  the  strategy  of  each 
investment portfolio are in the Tactical and Strategic portfolio pages of the Our Business section of the Company’s 
website. The Principal Activity and Investing Policy is set out in the Directors’ Report and also on the website. 
The key challenges in their execution are outlined in the Risk Management Objectives and Policies section (Note 18) 
of this Annual Report. 

2. Seek to understand and meet shareholder needs and expectations 
M&FI  seeks  to  share  this  vision  and  details  of  the  implementation  of  its  strategy  through  internal  dialogue  with 
employees as well as external communications to keep shareholders informed.  The Company publishes all relevant 
material,  according  to  QCA  definitions,  in  the Investment  Centre on  its  website.   This  includes  annual  and  interim 
reports, quarterly net asset value updates, shareholder circulars and details of Shareholder Meetings.  The Board is 
sensitive to all of its shareholders and commits to maintain a regular dialogue to communicate strategy, progress and 
to  understand  the  needs  of  shareholders.  Contact  details  are  listed  in  the Corporate  Directory and Officers  & 
Directors pages on its website and on all announcements released via RNS, should shareholders wish to communicate 
with the Board. 
The Board believes these publications in the investor section of the website play an important part in presenting all 
shareholders with an assessment of the Company’s position and prospects.  The Board encourages shareholders to 
attend its Annual General Meeting where they can meet and question the Directors and express ideas or concerns.  In 
addition, the Directors will undertake presentations and roadshows to institutional investors as appropriate. 
Since  the  Company  has  a  predominantly  retail  shareholder  base,  the  website  allows  both  prospective  and  actual 
shareholders  to  contact  the  Directors  directly,  register  for  automated  news  alerts  for  both  regulatory  and  non-
regulatory  news,  and  shareholder  communication  is  answered,  where  possible  or  appropriate,  by  Directors  or  the 
Company’s Nominated Advisor and co-broker, WH Ireland or the Company’s co-broker, Novum Securities. 
At present the Directors believe they have a good understanding of the needs and expectations of all elements of the 
company’s shareholder base.  Feedback from shareholders to date has been positive. 

3. Take into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications for long-term success 
The Board recognises the need to take account of the needs of society and the environment and maintain high ethical 
standards.  As an investment company and not an operating company the Directors identify its shareholders as its 
primary stakeholders. The Board recognises that the long-term success of the Company is reliant upon the efforts of 
its employees, advisers and regulators and additionally expects the highest standards of governance from its portfolio 
companies. The Company therefore maintains a regular dialogue with both its internal and external stakeholders as 
well as its investments. 
Policies to protect regular two-way dialogue with shareholders are outlined in Principle 2 of this Code. The Board takes 
a collective responsibility to report on regulatory matters and works closely with its advisers to ensure it operates in 
conformity with its listing regulations.  Directors meet weekly to monitor all key stakeholder relationships. 
The Board understands the Company has a responsibility to consider, where practicable, the social, environmental and 
economic  impact  of  its  investments.  The  Directors  are  aware  of  the  responsibilities  of  investee  companies  to  the 
communities and environments within which they operate, and as a shareholder, expects the highest standards of 
governance. Good community relations and environmental sensitivity are essential to success in the resources sector 
and an integral part of investment decisions and advice provided by M&FI. 
Feedback from shareholders, advisers and employees remains positive. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

4. Embed effective risk management, considering both opportunities and threats, throughout the organisation 
The  Company’s  Audit  Committee  and  Remuneration  Committee  meet  regularly  since  2018.   The  Company  also 
receives regular feedback from its external auditors on the state of its internal controls. 
As  an  investment  company  M&FI  constantly  seeks  to  balance  the  various  risks  it  undertakes  with  an  acceptable 
return.  In executing the company’s strategy, management will typically confront a range of day-to-day challenges 
associated with key markets, portfolio and projects risks and other uncertainties. 
The identification and management of these risks can be found in the Risk Management Objectives and Policies section 
in Note 18 of the Notes to these Financial Statements.  They include market price risk, foreign exchange risk, credit 
risk, liquidity risk and capital risk management. 
Company management hold a daily meeting to assess and monitor all risks on a continuous basis drawing on press 
releases  and  news  flow  from  companies  and  jurisdictions  in  which  M&FI  have  an  interest  and  will  seek  to  deploy 
mitigation  steps  to  manage  these  risks  as  they  manifest  themselves.   Further,  the  Directors  meet  weekly,  via 
conference call to review activities and opportunities with which the company is engaged. 

5. Maintain the board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the chair 
The Board is responsible for creating value for shareholders by formulating, reviewing and approving and monitoring 
the implementation of the Group’s strategy, budgets, investment and acquisition policies and corporate actions.  The 
Board ensures that management meets plans and performance targets and is also responsible for the oversight of the 
governance of the company, being the systems and procedures in place by which it is directed and controlled. 
The  Board  comprises  a  Non-Executive  Director  and  Chairman  (Mark  T  Brown),  Chief  Executive  Officer  (Jacques 
Vaillancourt), a Non-Executive Director (Jamie Lesser) and Non-Executive Director (Sean Keenan).  Mark T Brown and 
Sean  Keenan  are  the  independent  directors  of  the  Company.   Appointments  continue  subject  to  re-election  by 
shareholders  at  the  AGM.   A  description  of  the  roles  of  the  Directors  and  their  biographies  are  included  within 
the Officers & Directors page of the website.  All key investment decisions are subject to Board approval. 
The Company has appointed Audit and Remuneration committees, whose membership and responsibilities are set out 
on  the  first  page  of  the  Corporate  Governance  Report.    The  Company  does  not  have  a  formally  established 
Nominations Committee and matters that would be dealt with it are considered by the Board as a whole. 
Whilst the Company is guided by the provisions of the Code in respect of the independence of directors, it gives regard 
to the overall effectiveness and independence of the contribution made by directors to the Board in considering their 
independence.  The Non-Executive Directors are both considered to be part-time, and are required to provide their 
services  on  a  timely  basis.   Board  meetings  are  held  at  least  four  times  a  year  and  a  full  record  of  attendance  is 
shown.   The  Board  also  considers  that  the  Directors  have  specific  expertise  and  experience,  materially  enhancing 
knowledge and judgement to the overall performance of the Board. 

6. Ensure that, between them, the directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and capabilities 
Directors who have been appointed to the Company have been chosen because of the experience and skills they offer 
and maintain, by virtue of their continued involvement in the sector and other part time roles.  The structure of the 
Board and full biographical details of all Directors are included within the Officers & Directors page of the Group’s 
website. 
Based on the M&A experience of Jacques Vaillancourt, the investment experience of Jamie Lesser and the geological 
expertise of Sean Keenan, the Directors are confident the Board has the right mix of skills to develop strategies for the 
benefit of shareholders. 
The Chairman, in conjunction with the Board, ensures that the Directors’ knowledge is kept up to date on key issues 
and  developments  pertaining  to  the  Group,  its  operational  environment  and  to  the  Directors’  responsibilities  as 
members of the Board.  During the course of the year, Directors receive updates from the Board and various external 
advisers on a number of regulatory and corporate governance matters. As secretary to the Board, Miles Nicholson, 
Chartered Accountant, provides financial control and book keeping services, advises the board, manages day to day 
administration and liaises with Auditors for the publication of company accounts. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

7. Evaluate board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement 
With a small team the Board and Directors enjoy a natural on-going evaluation of performance which includes daily 
communication.  The  Company  therefore  undertakes  continuous  natural  monitoring  of  personal  and  corporate 
performance using agreed key performance indicators and detailed financial reports. 
Responsibility for assessing and monitoring the performance of the executive directors lies with the Chairman and the 
independent non-executive directors. 
The Board also considers the need for the periodic refreshing of its membership. One of the Non-Executive directors 
was appointed in 2018 and the Non-Executive Chairman was appointed in 2021. 

8. Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours 
The Board recognises that a corporate culture based on sound ethical values and behaviours is an asset and provides 
competitive advantages. The Group has a strong ethical culture, which is promoted by the actions of the Board and 
Directors.  An  open  culture  is  encouraged  within  the  Group,  with  regular  communications  regarding  progress  and 
feedback  is  regularly  sought.  Through  the  daily  and  weekly  meetings,  the  Board  and  Directors  hold  each  other  to 
account to ensure standards are maintained and ethical values and behaviours are recognised and respected. 
The Board will be fostering the framework needed for the delivery of excellence in all business decisions and actions 
so as to exceed the principles and industrywide standards of practice. 
Board  performance  reviews  and  individual  director  reviews  ensure  ethical  values  and  behaviours  are  recognised, 
respected and maintained. 

9. Maintain governance structures and processes that are fit for purpose and support good decision-making by the 
board 
As an investment company M&FI seeks to keep costs low and preserve shareholder value.  As such the Company, given 
its size, maintains the minimum number of directors and officers required to manage a portfolio of investments, within 
the requirements of company law and regulation.  
The Chairman’s primary role is through his leadership to ensure that the Board and individual Directors are able to 
operate efficiently by setting the agenda, style and tone of Board discussions to promote constructive debate and 
effective decision making. 
As Chief Executive, Jacques Vaillancourt has led the management team which meets daily and is primarily responsible 
for the implementation of the Board’s policies and strategies, effective communication with shareholders, ensuring 
that  all  Board  members  develop  an  understanding  of  investors  and  for  managing  the  activities  of  the  Audit  and 
Remuneration Committees. 
The Board has a formal agenda of items for consideration but is responsible for creating value for shareholders by 
formulating,  reviewing  and  approving  and  monitoring  the  implementation  of  the  Company’s  strategy,  budgets, 
investment  and  acquisition  policies  and  corporate  actions.   The  Board  ensures  management  meet  plans  and 
performance targets and is also responsible for the oversight of the governance of the company, being the systems 
and procedures in place by which it is directed and controlled. 
At this stage in the Company’s growth, the Board believes the governance framework is sufficient. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

10. Communicate how the company is governed and is performing by maintaining a dialogue with shareholders and 
other relevant stakeholders 
The  Board  is  committed  to  maintaining  good  communication  and  having  constructive  dialogue  with  all  of  its 
stakeholders, providing them with access to clear and transparent information to enable them to come to informed 
decisions about the Company. 
The  Company’s Investment  Centre section  on  the  website provides  all  required  regulatory  information  as  well  as 
shareholder  communications  and  additional  information  shareholders  may  find  helpful  including:  Share  Services, 
information  on  Board  Members,  Advisors  and  Significant  Shareholdings,  a  historical  list  of  the  Company’s 
Announcements,  its  Financial  Calendar,  Corporate  Governance  information,  the  Company’s  publications  including 
historic Annual Reports and Notices of Annual General Meetings, together with Share Price information and interactive 
Charting facilities to assist shareholders analyse performance.   The website is regularly updated and users can register 
to be alerted when announcements or details of presentations and events are posted onto the website. 
The Board holds regular meetings and regards the annual general meeting as a good opportunity to communicate 
directly  with  shareholders  via  an  open  question  and  answer  session.   The  Company  encourages  two-way 
communication  with  both  its  institutional  and  private  investors  and  endeavours  to  respond  quickly  to  all  queries 
received.   The  Company  lists  contact  details  on  its  website  and  on  all  announcements  released  via  RNS,  should 
shareholders wish to communicate with the Board. 
Results of shareholder meetings and details of votes cast will be publicly announced through the regulatory system 
and displayed on the Group’s website with suitable explanations of any actions undertaken as a result of any significant 
votes against resolutions. 
Information on the work of the various Board Committees and other relevant information are included in the Group’s 
Annual Report.  Reference to the appropriate section in the annual report will be made here upon publication. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

REPORT ON REMUNERATION 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

DIRECTORS' REMUNERATION 
The Board recognises that Directors' remuneration is of legitimate concern to the shareholders and it is committed to 
following  current  best  practice.    The  Company  operates  within  a  competitive  environment  and  its  performance 
depends on the effective contributions of the Directors and employees who are compensated accordingly. 

DIRECTORS' REMUNERATION 
The remuneration of the Directors was as follows: 

Mark T Brown 
Jacques Vaillancourt 
James Lesser 
Sean Keenan 

Year ended 30 June 2021 

Salary 
and fees 
£'000 

10 
34 
13 
10 

67 

Pension 
£’000 

Total 
£'000 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

10 
34 
13 
10 

67 

Year ended 30 June 2020 
Salary 
and fees 
£'000 

Pension 
£'000 

Total 
£’000 

- 
25 
24 
10 

59 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
25 
24 
10 

59 

PENSIONS  
No pension contributions were paid in respect of the directors for the year ended 30 June 2021, or for the year ended 
30 June 2020. 

BENEFITS IN KIND 
The Directors did not receive any benefits in kind, either in the year ended 30 June 2021, or for the year ended 30 June 
2020. 

BONUSES 
There were no bonuses payable either for the year ended 30 June 2021, or for the year ended 30 June 2020. 

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS IN THE COMPANY’S SHARES 
The interests of the Directors, their immediate families, and persons connected with them in the issued share capital 
of the Company (all of which are beneficial) are set out below. 

Jacques Vaillancourt* 
James Lesser 

Ordinary shares of 1p each 
number 

6,664,000 
223,880 

Percentage 
 of capital 

19.0% 
0.6% 

*Jacques Vaillancourt’s shareholding is held by Mount Everest Finance SA, a company in which he has a 100% beneficial 
holding. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

REPORT ON REMUNERATION 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

SHARE OPTION INCENTIVES 
Directors held options as follows.   Further details of options are disclosed in note 14. 

At beginning 
 of period 

Granted 
 in period 

Exercised 
 in period 

Lapsed 
  in period 

Jacques Vaillancourt 
Sean Keenan 

230,000 
100,000 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

At end 
 of period 

230,000 
100,000 

Average 
Exercise  
price 

7.50p 
7.50p 

For and on behalf of the Board  

Sean Keenan 
Director 

20 December 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  
TO THE MEMBERS OF MINERAL & FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS LIMITED 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

OPINION 

We have audited the financial statements of Mineral & Financial Investments Ltd (the 'Group') for the year ended 30 
June  2021  which  comprise  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income,  Consolidated  Balance  Sheet, 
Consolidated  Statement  of  Changes  in  Equity,  Consolidated  Cash  Flow  Statement  and  related  notes  including  a 
summary  of  significant  accounting  policies.  The  financial  reporting  framework  that  has  been  applied  in  their 
preparation  is  applicable  law  and  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (IFRSs)  as  adopted  by  the  European 
Union.  

In our opinion: 

• 

• 

• 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group's affairs as at 30 June 2021 and of 
the Group's profit for the year then ended; 
the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the 
European Union; 
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of relevant legislation. 

BASIS FOR OPINION 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. 
Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the 
financial  statements  section  of  our  report.    We  are  independent  of  the  Group  in  accordance  with  the  ethical 
requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC's Ethical Standard 
as  applied  to  listed  entities,  and  we  have  fulfilled  our  other  ethical  responsibilities  in  accordance  with  these 
requirements.  We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis 
for our opinion.  

AN OVERVIEW OF THE SCOPE OF OUR AUDIT  

Our Group audit was scoped by obtaining an understanding of the Group and its environment, including the Group’s 
system  of  internal  control,  and  assessing  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  in  the  financial  statements.  We  also 
addressed the risk of management override of internal controls, including assessing whether there was evidence of 
bias by the Directors that may have represented a risk of material misstatement. The components of the Group were 
evaluated by the Group audit team based on a measure of materiality, considering each component as a percentage 
of the Group’s gross assets, which allowed the Group audit team to assess the significance of each component and 
determine the planned audit response. 

For those components that were evaluated as significant components, either a full scope or specified audit approach 
was determined based on their relative materiality to the Group and our assessment of the audit risk. For significant 
components requiring a full scope approach, we evaluated controls by performing walkthroughs over the financial 
reporting systems identified as part of our risk assessment, reviewed the accounts production process and addressed 
critical accounting matters. We then undertook substantive testing on significant transactions and material account 
balances. 

In order to address the audit risks identified during our planning procedures, we performed a full scope audit of the 
Parent Company and subsidiary companies. All work was carried out by the Group audit team. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  
TO THE MEMBERS OF MINERAL & FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS LIMITED 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

CONCLUSIONS RELATING TO GOING CONCERN 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the ISAs (UK) require us to report 
to you where:  

• 

• 

the Directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is 
not appropriate; or 
the Directors have not disclosed in the financial statements any identified material uncertainties that may 
cast significant doubt about the Group's ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting 
for a period of at least twelve months from the date when the financial statements are authorised for issue. 

OUR ASSESSMENT OF RISKS OF MATERIAL MISSTATEMENT 

The  assessed  risks  of  material  misstatement  described  below  are  those  that  had  the  greatest  effect  on  our  audit 
strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit and directing the efforts of the engagement team. 

Risk 

How the scope of our audit responded to the risk 

Management override of controls 
Journals can be posted that significantly alter 
the Financial Statements 

Going Concern 
There  is  a  risk  that  the  company  may  hold 
insufficient working capital to allow it to meet 
its  financial  obligations  as  they  fall  due  thus 
giving rise to a going concern risk. 

Fraud in Revenue Recognition 
There  is  a  risk  that  revenue  is  materially 
understated due to fraud. 

We  examined  journals  posted  around  the  year  end,  specifically 
focusing  on  areas  which  are  more  easily  manipulated  such  as 
accruals, prepayments, bank reconciliations and tax. 

Existing  cash  reserves  have  been  evidenced  and  future  cashflow 
forecasts have been reviewed to ensure sufficient cash headroom 
exists for a period of at least one year from the date of approving 
these financial statements. 

Income  was  tested  on  a  sample  basis  for  completeness,  and  we 
concluded that no evidence of fraud or other understatement was 
identified. 

Accounting Estimates 
Potential  risk  of  inappropriate  accounting 
estimates  giving  rise  to  misstatement  in  the 
accounts.  

We have considered the basis of the accounting estimates applied 
when  preparing  the  financial  statements  and  considered  the 
responses to audit questions with professional scepticism.   

Risk of material misstatement within related 
party transactions 
There 
related  party 
is 
transactions  are  potentially  incomplete  or 
materially misstated. 

that 

risk 

the 

Correspondence  and  accounting  records  were  reviewed  for 
evidence of material related party transactions and it is considered 
that all relevant items have been disclosed. 

Disclosures 
There  is  a  risk  of  incorrect  or  incomplete 
disclosures in the financial statements. 

The  financial  statements  have  been  reviewed  and  checks  have 
been  undertaken  to  ensure  all  material  disclosure  requirements 
have been met. 

Our audit procedures relating to these matters were designed in the context of our audit of the Financial Statements 
as  a  whole,  and  not  to  express  an  opinion  on  individual  accounts  or  disclosures.  Our  opinion  on  the  Financial 
Statements is not modified with respect to any of the risks described above, and we do not express an opinion on 
these individual matters. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
24  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  
TO THE MEMBERS OF MINERAL & FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS LIMITED 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

OUR APPLICATION OF MATERIALITY 

We define materiality as the magnitude of misstatement in the Financial Statements that makes it probable that the 
economic decisions of a reasonably knowledgeable person would be changed or influenced.  We use materiality both 
in planning and in the scope of our audit work and in evaluating the results of our work. 

We determine materiality for the Group to be £114,854 and this financial benchmark, which has been used throughout 
the audit, was determined by way of a standard formula being applied to key financial results and balances presented 
in the Financial Statements.  Where considered relevant the materiality is adjusted to suit the specific area risk profile 
of the Group.   

OTHER INFORMATION 
The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial statements and 
our auditor’s report thereon. The Directors are responsible for the other information contained within the annual report.  

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not express any form of 
assurance conclusion thereon.  

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in 
doing  so,  consider  whether  the  other  information  is  materially  inconsistent  with  the  financial  statements  or  our 
knowledge  obtained  in  the  audit  or  otherwise  appears  to  be  materially  misstated.  If  we  identify  such  material 
inconsistencies  or  apparent  material  misstatements,  we  are  required  to  determine  whether  there  is  a  material 
misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information.  If, based on the work 
we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to 
report that fact.  We have nothing to report in this regard.  

OPINION ON OTHER MATTERS  
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

• 

• 

the  information  given  in  the  Group  Strategic  Report  and  the  Directors’  Report  for  the  financial  year  for 
which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and 
the Group Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report have been prepared in accordance with applicable 
legal requirements. 

MATTERS ON WHICH WE ARE REQUIRED TO REPORT BY EXCEPTION 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and its environment obtained in the course of the 
audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Group Strategic Report or the Directors’ Report.  

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which relevant legislation requires us to 
report to you if, in our opinion:  

• 

adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received 
from branches not visited by us; or 
• 
the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 
• 
certain disclosures of Directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

RESPONSIBILITIES OF DIRECTORS 
As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors' Responsibilities set out in the Directors’ Report the Directors 
are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair 
view,  and  for  such  internal  control  as  the  Directors  determine  necessary  to  enable  the  preparation  of  financial 
statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.  

In preparing the financial statements, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Group's ability to continue as a 
going  concern,  disclosing,  as  applicable,  matters  related  to  going  concern  and  using  the  going  concern  basis  of 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  
TO THE MEMBERS OF MINERAL & FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS LIMITED 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

accounting  unless  the  Directors  either  intend  to  liquidate  the  Group  or  to  cease  operations,  or  have  no  realistic 
alternative but to do so.  

OUR RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE AUDIT OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from 
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue a Report of the Auditors that includes our opinion. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with 
ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and 
are  considered  material  if,  individually  or  in  the  aggregate,  they  could  reasonably  be  expected  to  influence  the 
economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.  

A  further  description  of  our  responsibilities  for  the  audit  of  the  financial  statements  is  located  on  the  Financial 
Reporting Council's website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Report of 
the Auditors.   

EXPLANATION AS TO WHAT EXTEND THE AUDIT WAS CONSIDERED CAPABLE OF DETECTING IRREGULARITIES, 
INCLUDING FRAUD  

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in 
line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including 
fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below. 

The objectives of our audit in respect of fraud, are; to identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the 
financial  statements  due  to  fraud;  to  obtain  sufficient  appropriate  audit  evidence  regarding  the  assessed  risks  of 
material misstatement due to fraud, through designing and implementing appropriate responses to those assessed 
risks; and to respond appropriately to instances of fraud or suspected fraud identified during the audit. However, the 
primary responsibility for the prevention and detection of fraud rests with both management and those charged with 
governance of the Company. 

Our approach was as follows: 
• We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory requirements applicable to the Group and considered 
that the most significant are the international accounting standards as adopted by the EU, the rules of the Alternative 
Investment Market, and relevant legislation; 

•We  obtained  an  understanding  of  how  the  Group  complies  with  these  requirements  by  discussions  with 
management and those charged with governance; 

•We  assessed  the  risk  of  material  misstatement  of  the  financial  statements,  including  the  risk  of  material 
misstatement due to fraud and how it might occur, by holding discussions with management and those charged with 
governance; 

•We inquired of management and those charged with governance as to any known instances of non-compliance or 
suspected non-compliance with laws and regulations; and 

•Based  on  this  understanding,  we  designed  specific  appropriate  audit  procedures  to  identify  instances  of  non-
compliance  with  laws  and  regulations.  This  included  making  enquiries  of  management  and  those  charged  with 
governance and obtaining additional corroborative evidence as required. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  
TO THE MEMBERS OF MINERAL & FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS LIMITED 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

There  are  inherent  limitations  in  the  audit  procedures  described  above.  We  are  less  likely  to  become  aware  of 
instances  of  non-compliance  with  laws  and  regulations  that  are  not  closely  related  to  events  and  transactions 
reflected in the financial statements. Also, the risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher 
than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error, as fraud may involve deliberate concealment by, for example, 
forgery or intentional misrepresentations, or through collusion. 

USE OF OUR REPORT 
This report is made solely to the Company's members, as a body, in accordance with relevant legislation. Our audit 
work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company's members those matters we are required to state 
to them in a Report of the Auditor and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept 
or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company's members as a body, for our audit 
work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.  

Joseph Kinton (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
For and on behalf of Shipleys LLP 
Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditors 
10 Orange Street 
Haymarket 
London 
WC2H 7DQ 

Date 20 December 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT AND CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF 
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME for the year ended 30 June 2021 

Investment income 
Fee revenue 
Net gains on disposal of investments 
Net change in fair value of investments 

Operating expenses 
Other gains and losses 

Profit before taxation 

Taxation expense 

Year ended  
30 June 2021 
£’000 

Year ended  
30 June 2020 
£’000 

Notes 

96 
3 
1,244 
19 

1,362 

(341) 
(24) 

997 

(33) 

3 
5 

6 

3 
- 
497 
226 

726 

(321) 
(24) 

381 

(28) 

Profit for the year from continuing operations and total 
comprehensive income, attributable to owners of the Company  

964 

353 

Profit per share attributable to owners of the Company during 
the year from continuing and total operations: 

7 

Pence 

Basic (pence per share) 
Fully diluted (pence per share) 

2.7 
2.7 

Pence 

1.0 
1.0 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 
as at 30 June 2021 

CURRENT ASSETS 

Financial assets held at fair value through profit or loss 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

CURRENT LIABILITIES 

Trade and other payables 

Convertible unsecured loan notes 

NET CURRENT ASSETS 

NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES 

Deferred tax provision 

NET ASSETS 

EQUITY 

Share capital  
Share premium 
Loan note equity reserve 
Share option reserve 
Capital reserve 
Retained earnings 

Equity attributable to owners of the Company and total 
equity 

Notes 

8 
10 

11 

12 

2021 
£’000 

5,822 
27 
855 

6,704 

163 

10 

173 

2020 
£’000 

5,315 
81 
275 

5,671 

127 

10 

137 

6,531 

5,534 

13 

(93) 

(60) 

15 
15 
16 
17 

6,438 

5,474 

3,096 
5,892 
6 
23 
15,736 
(18,315) 

3,096 
5,892 
6 
23 
15,736 
(19,279) 

6,438 

5,474 

The financial statements were approved by the Board and authorised for issue on 20 December 2021 

Mark T. Brown 
Chairman 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

Share 
capital 
£'000 

Share 
premium 
£'000 

Share option 
reserve 
£'000 

Loan note 
reserve 
£'000 

Capital 
 reserve 
£'000 

Accumulated 
losses 
£'000 

Total 
equity 
£'000 

At 1 July 2019 

3,095 

5,886 

23 

Total comprehensive 
income for the year 

Share issues 

- 

1 

- 

6 

At 30 June 2020 

3,096 

5,892 

Total comprehensive 
income for the year 

- 

- 

At 30 June 2021 

3,096 

5,892 

- 

- 

23 

- 

23 

6 

- 

- 

6 

- 

15,736 

(19,632) 

5,114 

- 

- 

353 

353 

- 

7 

15,736 

(19,279) 

5,474 

- 

964 

964 

6 

15,736 

(18,315) 

6,438 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

Year ended 
30 June 2021 
£’000 

Year ended 
30 June 2020 
£’000 

Notes 

OPERATING ACTIVITIES  
Profit before taxation  
Adjustments for: 
Profit on disposal of trading investments 
Fair value gain on trading investments 
Other gains and losses 
Investment income 
Tax paid 
Operating cash flow before working capital changes 
(Increase) in trade and other receivables 
Increase in trade and other payables 
Net cash outflow from operating activities 

INVESTING ACTIVITIES 
Purchase of financial assets 
Disposal of financial assets 
Acquisition of subsidiary 
Cash balance of subsidiary acquired 
Investment income 
Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES 
Proceeds of share issues 
Net cash inflow from financing activities  

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents as at 1 July 

Cash and cash equivalents as at 30 June 

997 

(1,244) 
(19) 
- 
(96) 
- 
(362) 
54 
36 
(272) 

(2,269) 
3,116 
- 
- 
5 
852 

- 
- 

580 
275 

855 

381 

(497) 
(226) 
- 
(3) 
(10) 
(355) 
(3) 
39 
(319) 

(1,279) 
1,639 
- 
- 
3 
363 

7 
7 

51 
224 

275 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

1 

GENERAL INFORMATION 

The Company was incorporated as a Corporation in the Cayman Islands which does not prescribe the adoption 
of  any  particular  accounting  framework.  The  Board  has  therefore  adopted  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards as adopted by the European Union (IFRSs). The Company's shares are listed on the AIM market of the 
London Stock Exchange.  The Company is exempt from the requirement to prepare and file audited financial 
statements  under  Cayman  Islands  law  so  the  Group  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared 
without the inclusion of parent company information. 

The Company is an investment company, mainly investing in natural resources, minerals, metals, and oil and gas 
projects.  The registered office of the Company is as detailed in the Company Information on page 2. 

These financial statements are prepared in pounds sterling which is the Company’s functional and presentational 
currency and rounded to the nearest £’000. 

2 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

BASIS OF PREPARATION 
The  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  under  the  historical  cost  convention,  and  in  accordance  with 
International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”),  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union,  and  International 
Financial  Reporting  Interpretations  Committee  (“IFRIC”)  interpretations.    All  accounting  standards  and 
interpretations  issued  by  the  International  Accounting  Standards  Board  and  IFRIC  effective  for  the  periods 
covered by these financial statements have been applied. 

The principal accounting policies of the Company are set out below, and have been consistently applied to all 
periods. 

BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION 
 The Group financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and entities controlled by 
the Company (its subsidiaries). Control is achieved where the Company has the power to govern the financial 
and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. The subsidiaries have a reporting 
date of 30 June.  

The results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the consolidated statement of 
comprehensive  income  from  the  effective  date  of  acquisition  or  up  to  the  effective  date  of  disposal,  as 
appropriate.  

Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting 
policies in line with those used by other members of the Group. All intra-group transactions, balances, income 
and expenses are eliminated in full on consolidation.  

Non-controlling interests in the net assets of consolidated subsidiaries are identified separately from the Group’s 
equity  therein.  Non-controlling  interests  consist  of  the  amount  of  those  interests  at  the  date  of  the  original 
business combination and the minority’s share of changes in equity since the date of the combination. Losses 
applicable  to  the  non-controlling  interests  in  excess  of  the  minority’s  interest  in  the  subsidiary’s  equity  are 
recorded as a debit to non-controlling interest regardless of whether there is an obligation in the part of the 
holders of non-controlling interests for losses.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

GOING CONCERN 
The Directors have prepared cash flow forecasts through to 31 December 2022 which assumes no significant 
investment activity is undertaken unless sufficient funding is in place to undertake the investment activity.  The 
expenses of the Group's continuing operations are minimal and the cash flow forecasts demonstrate that the 
Group is able to meet its obligations as they fall due.  The directors have also considered the impact of Covid-19 
and  have  concluded  that  there  are  no  material  factors  which  are  likely  to  affect  the  ability  of  the  Group  to 
continue as a going concern, as a result of the cash reserves in place and given the Group’s ongoing costs. On this 
basis, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue operating 
for  the  foreseeable  future.    For  this  reason  they  continue  to  adopt  the  going  concern  basis  in  preparing  the 
Group’s financial statements. 

 KEY ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS 
Estimates and assumptions used in preparing the financial statements are reviewed on an on-going basis and are 
based  on  historical  experience  and  various  other  factors  that  are  believed  to  be  reasonable  under  the 
circumstances.    The  results  of  these  estimates  and  assumptions  form  the  basis  of  making  judgments  about  
carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources: 

SHARE BASED PAYMENTS 
The calculation of the fair value of equity-settled share based awards and the resulting charge to the statement 
of comprehensive income requires assumptions to be made regarding future events and market conditions. These 
assumptions include the future volatility of the Company’s share price. These assumptions are then applied to a 
recognised valuation model in order to calculate the fair value of the awards. 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 
The Group holds investments that have been designated as held at fair value through profit or loss on initial 
recognition. The company determines the fair value of quoted financial instruments using quoted prices in active 
markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1). Where practicable the Company determines the fair value of 
the financial instruments that are not quoted (Level 3) using the most recent bid price at which a transaction has 
been carried out. These techniques are significantly affected by certain key assumptions, such as market liquidity.  
Other valuation methodologies such as discounted cash flow analysis assess estimates of future cash flows and 
it is important to recognise that in that regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot always be substantiated 
by comparison with independent markets and, in many cases, may not be capable of being realised immediately. 

CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND DISCLOSURES  
The Group adopted the following new and amended relevant IFRS in the year  

IAS 1  

Presentation of financial statements – amendments regarding the definition of materiality  

Accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates and errors – amendments regarding the 

IAS 8 
definition of materiality  

The adoption of these accounting standards did not have any effect on the Group’s statement of comprehensive 
income, statement of financial position or equity.  

A number of accounting standards issued but not yet effective have not been early adopted. None of these are 
expected to have a significant effect on the Group’s financial statements.  

INVESTMENT INCOME 
Dividend  income  from  financial  assets  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  is  recognised  in  the  statement  of 
comprehensive income on an ex-dividend basis. Interest on fixed interest debt securities, designated at fair value 
through profit or loss, is recognised using the effective interest rate method. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
33  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

2 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued) 

TAXATION 

Current  income  tax  assets  and/or  liabilities  comprise  those  obligations  to,  or  claims  from,  fiscal  authorities 
relating to the current or prior reporting period, that are unpaid at the balance sheet date. They are calculated 
according to the tax rates and tax laws applicable to the fiscal periods to which they relate, based on the taxable 
result for the year. All changes to current tax assets or liabilities are recognised as a component of tax expense 
in the income statement. 

Deferred  income  taxes  are  calculated  using  the  liability  method  on  temporary  differences.  This  involves  the 
comparison of the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements with their 
respective tax bases.  However, deferred tax is not provided on the initial recognition of goodwill, nor on the 
initial recognition of an asset or liability, unless the related transaction is a business combination or affects tax 
or accounting profit.  In addition, tax losses available to be carried forward as well as other income tax credits 
to the Group are assessed for recognition as deferred tax assets. 

Deferred tax liabilities are always provided for in full. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is 
probable that they will be able to be offset against future taxable income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are 
calculated, without discounting, at tax rates that are expected to apply to their respective period of realisation, 
provided they are enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. 

Most changes in deferred tax assets or liabilities are recognised as a component of tax expense in the income 
statement. Only changes in deferred tax assets or liabilities that relate to a change in value of assets or liabilities 
that is charged directly to equity are charged or credited directly to equity. 

FINANCIAL ASSETS 

The Group's financial assets comprise investments held for trading, cash and cash equivalents and loans and 
receivables, and are recognised in the Group’s statement of financial position when the Group becomes a party 
to the contractual provisions of the instrument. 

FINANCIAL ASSET INVESTMENTS 

CLASSIFICATION OF FINANCIAL ASSETS 

The Group holds financial assets including equities and debt securities.  

On  the  initial  recognition,  the  Group  classifies  financial  assets  as  measured  at  amortised  cost  or  fair  value 
through profit or loss(“FVTPL”).  A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it meets both of the following 
conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:  

• 
• 

It is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and 
its  contractual  terms  give  rise  on  specific  dates  to  cash  flows  that  are  Solely  Payments  of  Principal  and 
Interest (SPPI). 

All other financial assets of the Group are measured at FVTPL. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
34  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

2 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) 

BUSINESS MODEL ASSESSMENT 

In making an assessment of the objective of the business model in which a financial asset is held, the Company 
considers all of the relevant information on how the business is managed, including: 

• 

• 
• 

• 

the documented investment strategy and the execution of this strategy in practice. This includes whether 
the investment strategy focuses on earning contractual interest income, maintaining a particular interest 
rate  profile,  matching  the  duration  of  the  financial  assets  to  the  duration  of  any  related  liabilities  or 
expected cash outflows or realised cash flows through the sale of the assets; 
how the performance of the portfolio is evaluated and reported to the Company’s management; 
the  risks  that  affect  the  performance  of  the  business  model  (and  the  financial  assets  held  within  that 
business model) and how those risks are managed; 
how the investment advisor is compensated e.g. whether compensation is based on the fair value of the 
assets managed or the contractual cashflows collected 

IFRS  9  subsection  B4.1.1-B4.1.2  stipulates  that  the  objective  of  the  entity’s  business  model  is  not  based  on 
management’s intentions with respect to an individual instrument, but rather determined at a higher level of 
aggregation. The assessment needs to reflect the way that an entity manages its business.  

The company has determined that it has two business models. 

•  Held-to-collect business model: this includes cash and cash equivalents, balances due from brokers and 

other receivables. These financial assets are held to collect contractual cash flows. 

•  Other  Business  model:  this  includes  structured  finance  products,  equity  investments,  investments  in 
unlisted  private  equities  and  derivatives.  These  financial  assets  are  managed  and  their  performance  is 
evaluated, on a fair value basis with frequent sales taking place in respect to equity holdings. 

VALUATION OF FINANCIAL ASSET INVESTMENTS 

Investment transactions are accounted for on a trade date basis.  Assets are de-recognised at the trade date of 
the disposal. Assets are sold at their fair value, which comprises the proceeds of sale less any transaction cost. 
The valuations in respect of unquoted investments (Level 3 financial assets) are explained in note 8.  Changes in 
the  fair  value  of  investments  held  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  and  gains  and  losses  on  disposal  are 
recognised  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive  income  as  “Net  gains/(losses)  on  investments”. 
Investments  are  initially  measured  at  fair  value  plus  incidental  acquisition  costs.  Subsequently,  they  are 
measured at fair value. This is either the bid price or the last traded price, depending on the convention of the 
exchange on which the investment is quoted.  

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand and demand deposits, together with other short-term, highly 
liquid  investments  that  are  readily  convertible  into  known  amounts  of  cash  and  which  are  subject  to  an 
insignificant risk of changes in value. 

LOANS AND RECEIVABLES 
Loans  and  receivable  from  third  parties  are  initially  recognised  at  fair  value  and  subsequently  carried  at 
amortised cost using the effective interest rate method. 

A provision for impairment is made when there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more events that 
occurred after the initial recognition of the financial asset, the estimated future cash flows have been affected. 
Impaired debts are derecognised when they are assessed as uncollectible. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
35  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

2 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued) 

EQUITY 

An  equity  instrument  is  any  contract  that  evidences  a  residual  interest  in  the  assets  of  the  company  after 
deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received 
net of direct issue costs. 

The  share  premium  account  represents  premiums  received  on  the  initial  issuing  of  the  share  capital.  Any 
transaction costs associated with the issuing of shares are deducted from share premium. 

The share option reserve represents the cumulative cost of share-based payments.  

The loan note reserve represents the value of the equity component of the nominal value of the loan notes issued. 

The capital reserve represents amounts arising in connection with reverse acquisitions. 

Retained earnings include all current and prior period results as disclosed in the statement of comprehensive 
income.  

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES 

Financial  liabilities  are  recognised  in  the  Group’s  balance  sheet  when  the  Group  becomes  a  party  to  the 
contractual provisions of the instrument.  All interest related charges are recognised as an expense in finance 
cost in the income statement using the effective interest rate method.   

The Group's financial liabilities comprise convertible loan notes, and trade and other payables.   

The fair value of the liability portion of the convertible loan notes is determined using a market interest rate for 
an equivalent non-convertible loan note.  This amount is recorded as a liability on an amortised cost basis until 
extinguished on conversion or maturity of the loan notes.  The remainder of the proceeds is allocated to the 
conversion option, which is recognised and included in shareholders’ equity, net of tax effects.  

Trade  payables  are  recognised  initially  at  their  fair  value  and  subsequently  measured  at  amortised  cost  less 
settlement payments. 

SHARE BASED PAYMENTS 

The Group operates equity settled share-based remuneration plans for the remuneration of its employees. 

All services received in exchange for the grant of any share-based remuneration are measured at their fair values. 
These  are  indirectly  determined  by  reference  to  the  fair  value  of  the  share  options  awarded.  Their  value  is 
appraised  at  the  grant  date  and  excludes  the  impact  of  any  non-market  vesting  conditions  (for  example, 
profitability and sales growth targets). 

Share based payments are ultimately recognised as an expense in the income statement with a corresponding 
credit to retained earnings in equity, net of deferred tax where applicable. If vesting periods or other vesting 
conditions apply, the expense is allocated over the vesting period, based on the best available estimate of the 
number of share options expected to vest. Non-market vesting conditions are included in assumptions about the 
number of options that are expected to become exercisable. Estimates are subsequently revised, if there is any 
indication that the number of share options expected to vest differs from previous estimates. No adjustment is 
made to the expense or share issue cost recognized in prior periods if fewer share options ultimately are exercised 
than originally estimated. 

Upon exercise of share options, the proceeds received net of any directly attributable transaction costs up to the 
nominal value of the shares issued are allocated to share capital with any excess being recorded as share premium. 

Where share options are cancelled, this is treated as an acceleration of the vesting period of the options.  The 
amount that otherwise would have been recognised for services received over the remainder of the vesting period 
is recognised immediately within profit or loss. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
36  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

2 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued) 

FOREIGN CURRENCIES 

The Directors consider Sterling to be the currency that most faithfully represents the economic effects of the 
underlying transactions, events and conditions.  The financial statements are presented in Sterling, which is the 
Company’s functional and presentation currency. 

Foreign currency transactions are translated into Sterling using the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the 
transactions. Foreign currency exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and 
from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange 
rates are recognised in the income statement.  Non-monetary items that are measured at historical costs in a 
foreign currency are translated at the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.  Non-monetary items that are 
measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates 
at the date when the fair value was determined. 

SEGMENTAL REPORTING 

A segment is a distinguishable component of the Group's activities from which it may earn revenues and incur 
expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the Group's chief operating decision maker to make 
decisions about the allocation of resources and assessment of performance and about which discrete financial 
information is available. 

As the chief operating decision maker reviews financial information for and makes decisions about the Group's 
investment activities as a whole, the directors have identified a single operating segment, that of holding and 
trading in investments in natural resources, minerals, metals, and oil and gas projects.  The directors consider that 
it would not be appropriate to disclose any geographical analysis of the Group’s investments. 

3 

OPERATING PROFIT 

Profit from operations is arrived at after charging: 

  Directors fees 
  Other salary costs 
  Registrars fees 
  Corporate adviser and broking fees 
  Other professional fees 
  Foreign exchange differences 
  Other administrative expenses 
  Fees payable to the Group’s auditor: 

For the audit of the Group’s consolidated financial statements 

2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

67 
19 
31 
42 
124 
24 
39 

19 

365 

59 
18 
31 
45 
107 
24 
43 

18 

345 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
37  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

4 

EMPLOYEE REMUNERATION 

The expense recognised for employee benefits is analysed below; the Group has no employees other than the 
directors of the parent company and its subsidiary; average number of employees, including executive 
directors, 2 (2019, 2): 

Wages and salaries 

2021 
£’000 

86 

86 

2020 
£’000 

77 

77 

Details of Directors’ employee benefits expense are included in the Report on Remuneration. 
Remuneration for key management of the Company, including amounts paid to Directors of the Company, is as 
follows: 

Short-term employee benefits 

5 

OTHER GAINS AND LOSSES 

Foreign currency exchange differences 

6 

INCOME TAX EXPENSE 

  Deferred tax charge relating to unrealised gains on investments 

  Other tax payable 

2021 
£’000 

2020 
£’000 

67 

67 

59 

59 

2021 

£’000 

(24) 

(24) 

2021 
£’000 

33 
- 
33 

2020 

£’000 

(24) 

(24) 

2020 
£’000 

18 

10 

28 

The tax on the Group's profit before tax differs from the theoretical amount that would arise using the weighted 
average rate applicable to the results of the Consolidated entities as follows: 

Profit before tax from continuing operations 

Profit before tax multiplied by rate of federal and cantonal tax in Switzerland of 
14.6% (2020: 14.6%) 
Less abatement in respect of long term investment holdings 
Unrelieved tax losses 

Total tax 

2021 
£’000 

1,004 

146 
(131) 
18 

33 

2020 
£’000 

381 

56 
(50) 
22 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
38  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

7 

EARNINGS PER SHARE 

The  basic  and  diluted  earnings  per  share  are  calculated  by  dividing  the  profit  attributable  to  owners  of  the 
Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year. 

Profit attributable to owners of the Company 
- Continuing and total operations 

Weighted average number of shares for calculating basic earnings 
per share 

Weighted average number of shares for calculating fully diluted 
earnings per share 

Earnings per share from continuing and total operations 
- Basic (pence per share) 
- Fully diluted (pence per share) 

8 

INVESTMENTS HELD AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS 

1 July – Investments at fair value 
Cost of investment purchases  
Proceeds of investment disposals 
Profit on disposal of investments 
Fair value adjustment 
Accrued interest on loan notes 

30 June – Investments at fair value 

Categorised as: 
Level 1 - Quoted investments 
Level 3 - Unquoted investments 

2021 
£’000 

964 

2021 

2020 
£’000 

353 

2020 

35,135,395  35,080,784 

35,204,897  35,146,295 

2.7 
2.7 

1.0 
1.0 

2021 
£’000 

5,315 
2,269 
(3,116) 
1.244 
19 
91 

5,822 

1,712 
4,110 

5,822 

2020 
£’000 

4,952 
1,279 
(1,639) 
497 
226 
- 

5,315 

1,001 
4,314 

5,315 

The Group has adopted fair value measurements using the IFRS 7 fair value hierarchy 

Categorisation  within  the  hierarchy  has  been  determined  on  the  basis  of  the  lowest  level  of  input  that  is 
significant to the fair value measurement of the relevant asset as follows: 

Level 1 – valued using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets 
Level 2 – valued by reference to valuation techniques using observable inputs other than quoted prices included 
in Level 1. 
Level 3 – valued by reference to valuation techniques using inputs that are not based on observable market 
criteria. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
39  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

8 

INVESTMENTS HELD AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS (continued) 

LEVEL 3 investments 

Reconciliation of Level 3 fair value measurement of investments 

Brought forward 
Reclassified to Level 1 
Purchases 
Disposals 
Fair value adjustment 

Carried forward 

2021 
£’000 

4,314 
(404) 
207 
- 
(7) 

4,110 

2020 
£’000 

3,835 
- 
122 
(16) 
373 

4,314 

Level 3 valuation techniques used by the Group are explained on page 32 (Fair value of financial instruments) 

The Group’s largest Level 3 investment is Redcorp Empreendimentos Mineiros LDA (“Redcorp”).  

REDCORP EMPREENDIMENTOS MINEIROS LDA 
Redcorp is a Portuguese company whose main asset is the Lagoa Salgada Project, which has resources of zinc, 
lead and copper.  
In  June  2018,  TH  Crestgate  entered  into  an  agreement  with  Ascendant  Resources  Inc  (“Ascendant”)  under 
which  Ascendant  initially  acquired  25%  of  the  equity  in  Redcorp  for  a  consideration  of  US$2.45  million, 
composed of US$1.65 million in Ascendant shares and US$800,000 in cash.  

The second part of the Agreement is an Earn-in Option under which Ascendant has the right to earn a further 
effective 25% interest via staged payments and funding obligations as outlined below: 

Ascendant is required to spend a minimum of US$9.0 million directly on the Lagoa Salgada Project within 48 
months of the closing date, to fund exploration drilling, metallurgical test work, economic studies and other 
customary activities for exploration and development, and to make stage payments totalling US$3.5 million to 
TH Crestgate according to the following schedule or earlier: 

22 Dec 2018 
22 Jun 2019 
22 Dec 2019 
22 Jun 2020 

US$250,000 
US$250,000 
US$500,000 
US$500,000 (amended to 5 monthly payments of $100,000, June to October plus an 

additional payment of $100,000 in November 2020)  

22 Jun 2021 
22 Jun 2022 

US$1,000,000 
US$1,000,000 

Under the last part of the agreement Ascendant can acquire an additional 30% taking its total interest to 80% 
by the payment of US$2,500,000 on or before 22 Dec 2022.   

To  date  the  payments  due  by  Ascendant  under  the  agreement  have  been  paid  on  time  and  the  Group’s 
investment in Redcorp has been valued on a discounted cash flow basis of the remaining payments due under 
the agreement plus an additional amount for the discounted value of the Group’s residual investment in the 
project. 

Redcorp currently owns 85% of the Lagoa Salgada project and signed an agreement in June 2017 with Empresa 
Desenvolvimento Mineiro SA (EDM), a Portuguese State-owned company to re-purchase the remaining 15% of 
the project resulting in a 100% ownership of the project. The 2017 agreement was subject to the Portuguese 
Secretary of State’s approval which has not yet been received. Redcorp and Mineral & Financial continue to 
explore ways and means to complete the purchase. M&FI has granted Ascendant conditional options that would 
enable Ascendant to have a net 80% interest in the Project if the company is unsuccessful in re-acquiring EDM’s 
interest within a still to be determined period after the completion of the Feasibility Study. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
40  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

9 

SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES 

The Group’s subsidiary companies are as follows: 

Name 

TH Crestgate GmbH  

Principal 
activity 

Investment 
 company 

M&FI Services Ltd 

Service company 

Country of incorporation 
 and principal  
place of business 

Steinengraben 18 
4051 Basel, Switzerland 

5 Bath Road, London, 

United Kingdom, W4 1LL 

Proportion of ownership 
 interest and voting rights  
held by the Group 

100% 

100% 

On 5 February 2021 M&FI Services Ltd was incorporated and became a subsidiary of the Company 
All intergroup transactions and balances are eliminated on consolidation. 

10 

TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

Other receivables 
Prepayments 

Total 

2021 
£’000 
9 
18 

27 

2020 
£’000 
69 
12 

81 

The fair value of trade and other receivables is considered by the Directors not to be materially different to the 
carrying amounts. 
At the balance sheet date in 2021 and 2020 there were no trade and other receivables past due. 

11 

TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES 

Trade payables 
Other payables 
Accrued charges 

Total 

2021 
£’000 

36 
82 
45 

163 

2020 
£’000 

18 
70 
39 

127 

The  fair  value  of  trade  and  other  payables  is  considered  by  the  Directors  not  to  be  materially  different  to 
carrying amounts. 

12 

CONVERTIBLE UNSECURED LOAN NOTES 
The  outstanding  convertible  loan  notes  are  zero  coupon,  unsecured  and  unless  previously  purchased  or 
converted they are redeemable at their principal amount at any time on or after 31 December 2014. 
The net proceeds from the issue of the loan notes have been split between the liability element and an equity 
component,  representing  the  fair  value  of  the  embedded  option  to  convert  the  liability  into  equity  of  the 
Company as follows: 

Liability component at beginning and end of period 

2021 
£’000 
10 

2020 
£’000 
10 

The  Directors  estimate  the  fair  value  of  the  liability  component  of  the  loan  notes  at  30  June  2021  to  be 
approximately £10,000 (2020: £10,000) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
41  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

13 

DEFERRED TAX PROVISION 

As at 1 July 

Provision relating to unrealised gains on investments 

As at 30 June 

14 

SHARE OPTIONS 

2021 
£’000 

60 

33 

93 

2020 
£’000 

42 

18 

60 

  On 31 January 2017 the Company granted 600,000 options to directors and employees, exercisable at 7.50p per 
share.  At the year end all these options had vested and are exercisable at any time prior to the fifth anniversary 
of the date of grant.  

The fair value of the options granted during the year was determined using the Black-Scholes pricing model.  The 
significant inputs to the model in respect of the options were as follows: 

  Date of grant 
  Share price at date of grant 

31 January 2017 
5.50p 

  Exercise price per share 
  No. of options 

  Risk free rate 
  Expected volatility 

  Life of option 
  Calculated fair value per share 

7.50p 
600,000 

1.0% 
50% 

5 years 
1.9245p 

The share-based payment charge for the year was £Nil (2020: £Nil).   

The share options movements and their weighted average exercise price are as follows: 

Outstanding at 1 July 
Granted 
Exercised 
Lapsed 

Outstanding at 30 June 

  2021 

  Weighted average  
exercise price 
(pence) 

Number 

2020 
  Weighted average  
exercise price 
(pence) 

Number 

330,000 
- 
- 
- 

330,000 

7.50 
- 
- 
- 

7.50 

490,000 
- 
(160,000) 
- 

330,000 

7.50 
- 
- 
- 

7.50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
42  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

15 

SHARE CAPITAL 

AUTHORISED  

At 30 June 2020 and 30 June 2021 

Ordinary shares of 1p each 

Deferred shares of 24p each 

ISSUED AND FULLY PAID  

At 30 June 2020 and 30 June 2021: 

Ordinary shares of 1p each 

Deferred shares of 24p each 

Number of 
 shares 

Nominal 
Value 
£’000 

Share 
 premium 
£’000 

160,000,000 

35,000,000 

35,135,395 

11,435,062 

1,600 

8,400 

10,000 

351 

2,745 

3,096 

5,892 

The ordinary shares carry no rights to fixed income but entitle the holders to participate in dividends and vote 
at Annual and General meetings of the Company.  

The restricted rights of the deferred shares are such that they have no economic value.  

16 

LOAN NOTE EQUITY RESERVE 

Equity component of convertible loan notes at 1 July 

Equity component of convertible loan notes at 30 June 

17 

SHARE OPTION RESERVE 

Brought forward at 1 July 
Share based payment charge 
Carried forward at 30 June 

2021 
£’000 

6 

6 

2021 
£’000 
23 

- 
23 

2020 
£’000 

6 

6 

2020 
£’000 
23 

- 
23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
43  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

18 

RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES 

The Company is exposed to a variety of financial risks which result from both its operating and investing activities.  
The Company’s risk management is coordinated by the board of directors and focuses on actively securing the 
Company’s short to medium term cash flows by minimising the exposure to financial markets. 

MARKET PRICE RISK 
The Company’s exposure to market price risk mainly arises from potential movements in the fair value of its 
investments.    The  Company  manages  this  price  risk  within  its  long-term  investment  strategy  to  manage  a 
diversified exposure to the market.  If each of the Company’s equity investments were to experience a rise or fall 
of 10% in their fair value, this would result in the Company’s net asset value and statement of comprehensive 
income increasing or decreasing by £583,000 (2020:  £516,000). 

FOREIGN CURRENCY RISK 
The Group holds investments and cash balances denominated in foreign currencies and investments quoted on 
overseas exchanges; consequently, exposures to exchange rate fluctuations arise.  The Group does not hedge its 
foreign currency exposure and its liabilities in foreign currencies are limited to the trade payables of TH Crestgate 
which are not material. 

The carrying amounts of the Group’s foreign currency denominated monetary assets at the reporting date are as 
follows: 

US Dollar 
Canadian Dollar 
Swiss franc 
Australian Dollar 

2021 
£’000 

4,512 
1,537 
48 
122 

2020 
£’000 

4,423 
615 
94 
- 

FOREIGN CURRENCY SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS  
The Group is mainly exposed to the US Dollar and the Canadian Dollar in respect of investments which are either 
denominated in or valued in terms of those currencies. The following table details the Group’s sensitivity to a 5 
per cent increase and decrease in pounds sterling against the US Dollar, Canadian Dollar and Swiss franc. The 
Group’s exposure to the Australian Dollar and the Euro are not considered material. 

US Dollar 

Canadian Dollar 

5% increase in exchange rate against GBP 
5% decrease in exchange rate against GBP 

5% increase in exchange rate against GBP 
5% decrease in exchange rate against GBP 

Swiss franc 

5% increase in exchange rate against GBP 
5% decrease in exchange rate against GBP 
Australian Dollar  5% increase in exchange rate against GBP 
5% decrease in exchange rate against GBP 

2021 
£’000 

226 
(226) 

77 
(77) 

2 
(2) 
6 
(6) 

2020 
£’000 

221 
(221) 

31 
(31) 

5 
(5) 
- 
- 

CREDIT RISK 
The Company's financial instruments, which are exposed to credit risk, are considered to be mainly cash and 
cash equivalents and the Company’s receivables are not material.  The credit risk for cash and cash equivalents 
is not considered material since the counterparties are reputable banks. 

The Company's exposure to credit risk is limited to the carrying amount of the financial assets recognised at the 
balance sheet date, as summarised below: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
44  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

18 

RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (continued) 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Other receivables 

2021 
£’000 

855 

9 

864 

2020 
£’000 

275 

69 

344 

No impairment provision was required against other receivables which are secured and not past due. 

LIQUIDITY RISK 
Liquidity  risk  is  managed  by  means  of  ensuring  sufficient  cash  and  cash  equivalents  are  held  to  meet  the 
Company’s payment obligations arising from administrative expenses.   

CAPITAL RISK MANAGEMENT 
The Company's objectives when managing capital are: 

• 

• 
• 

to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, so that it continues to provide returns 
and benefits for shareholders; 
to support the Company’s growth; and 
to provide capital for the purpose of strengthening the Company’s risk management capability. 

The  Company  actively  and  regularly  reviews  and  manages  its  capital  structure  to  ensure  an  optimal  capital 
structure and equity holder returns, taking into consideration the future capital requirements of the Company 
and capital efficiency, prevailing and projected profitability, projected operating cash flows, projected capital 
expenditures and projected strategic investment opportunities.  Management regards total equity as capital 
and reserves, for capital management purposes. 

19 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

FINANCIAL ASSETS BY CATEGORY 
The  IFRS  9  categories  of  financial  assets  included  in  the  balance  sheet  and  the  headings  in  which  they  are 
included are as follows: 

Financial assets: 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Loans and receivables 
Investments held at fair value through profit and loss 

2021 
£’000 

855 
9 
5,822 
6,686 

2020 
£’000 

275 
69 
5,315 
5,659 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES BY CATEGORY 
The  IFRS  9  categories  of  financial  liability  included  in  the  balance  sheet  and  the  headings  in  which  they  are 
included are as follows: 

Financial liabilities at amortised cost: 
Convertible unsecured loan notes 
Trade and other payables 

2021 
£’000 

10 
118 
128 

2020 
£’000 

10 
88 
98 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
45  Mineral & Financial Investments Limited 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
for the year ended 30 June 2021 

20 

CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL COMMITMENTS 

There were no contingent liabilities or capital commitments at 30 June 2021 or 30 June 2020. 

21 

POST YEAR END EVENTS 

There have been no material post year end events. 

22 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

Key management personnel, as defined by IAS 24 ‘Related Party Disclosures’ have been identified as the Board 
of Directors, as the controls operated by the Group ensure that all key decisions are reserved for the Board of 
Directors.    Details  of  the  directors’  remuneration  and  the  options  granted  to  directors  are  disclosed  in  the 
remuneration report. 

23 

ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY 

The Directors do not consider there to be a single ultimate controlling party. 

1.1