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Monster Beverage

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FY2020 Annual Report · Monster Beverage
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TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS 

I am pleased to report that 2020 represented our 28th consecutive record year of increased net sales.  Despite 
the COVID-19 pandemic, net sales rose to $4.6 billion in 2020 from $4.2 billion in 2019.  

These  unprecedented  times  continue  to  present  unique  and  different  challenges  to  all  of  us.  Our  deepest 
sympathies go out to all those who have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Our top priority remains 
the  health,  safety  and  well–being  of  our  employees,  customers,  consumers  and  our  communities.  We  are 
continuing to monitor and reassess our business operations in accordance with guidance from public health 
authorities.  Our  production  and  distribution  activities  have  remained  in  operation  and  our  products  are 
available for sale at retail establishments. We have contingency plans in place to address certain supply chain 
challenges that have arisen and could arise in the future, and are continuing to work with our suppliers, co-
packers,  bottlers  and  distributors  to  ensure  our  products  are  produced  and  remain  available  for  sale  to  our 
consumers. Monster Energy Cares, our philanthropic arm, is actively engaged in a number of philanthropic 
efforts. 

We continue to innovate in the energy drink category.  In 2020, we launched a number of new beverages in 
the United States, as well as in our international markets.  Despite the COVID-19 pandemic during 2020, we 
have been able to accelerate our innovation pipeline and plan on launching new and exciting beverages during 
2021.   

Our Monster Energy® drinks are now sold in approximately 141 countries and territories globally and our 
Strategic Brands, comprised primarily of the various energy drink brands we acquired from The Coca-Cola 
Company in 2015, are now sold in approximately 72 countries and territories globally.  Our Reign Total Body 
Fuel®  high  performance  energy  drinks  are  sold  in  15  countries  and  territories  and  our  Affordable  Energy 
Brands, comprised primarily of Predator®, are sold in 28 countries and territories globally.  One or more of 
our energy drinks are now distributed in approximately 154 countries and territories worldwide. 

Our Monster Energy® brand participates in the premium segment of the energy drink category, as do most of 
our Strategic Brands.  Our affordable energy brands participate in the affordable segment of the energy drink 
category in certain international markets. 

I am saddened to advise that Sydney Selati, a director who had served on our Board since 2004, passed away 
in April 2021. We extend our deepest sympathies to his wife and family.   

I would like to express my gratitude for the support and leadership shown by Mr. Hilton Schlosberg, my Co-
Chief Executive Officer, and would also like to express my gratitude for the direction and guidance provided 
by our executive leadership and our senior management team. 

We extend our personal thanks to our consumers, customers, bottlers and distribution partners as well as to our 
suppliers  for  their  continued  support.  To  our  Board  of  Directors,  executive  leadership,  management  and 
employees,  my  sincere  thanks  and  appreciation  for  all  your  efforts,  which  are  evidenced  by  our  continued 
success.  To our stockholders, thank you for the trust you have placed in us and in our management team. We 
have experienced an extremely challenging year, and while we are facing many similar challenges, we look 
forward to the future with confidence.  

Sincerely, 

Rodney C. Sacks 
Chairman and Co-Chief Executive Officer 

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2 

UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 

Washington, D.C. 20549 

Form 10-K 
(Mark One) 

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 

OR 

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the transition period from _____ to _____ 

Commission file number 001-18761 

MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

Delaware 
(State or other jurisdiction of 
incorporation or organization) 

47-1809393
(I.R.S. Employer 
Identification No.) 

1 Monster Way 
Corona, California 92879 
(Address of principal executive offices)       (Zip Code) 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:  (951) 739 - 6200 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Title of each class 
Common Stock, $0.005 par value per share 

Trading Symbol(s) 
MNST 

Name of each exchange on which registered 
Nasdaq Global Select Market 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.   

Yes   No   

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the 

Exchange Act. Yes   No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of 
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required 
to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes   No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be 
submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such 
shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes  No  

3 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, 
a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” 
“smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act: 

Large accelerated filer  
Non-accelerated filer 

     Accelerated filer  

Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended 
transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of 
the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of 
the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 
7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.).  

Yes ☐ No 

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant was 
$33,039,197,262 computed by reference to the closing sale price for such stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on June 
30, 2020, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. 

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.005 par value per share (being the only class of common 

stock of the registrant), outstanding on February 19, 2021 was 528,137,036 shares. 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: 

Portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed subsequent to the date hereof with the Commission pursuant to 
Regulation 14A in connection with the registrant’s 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this 
Report.  Such  Definitive  Proxy  Statement  will  be  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  no  later  than  120  days  after  the 
conclusion of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2020. 

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MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION 

FORM 10-K 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

PART I 

Page Number 

Item Number 

1.  Business 
1A.  Risk Factors 
1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments 

2.  Properties 
3.  Legal Proceedings 
4.  Mine Safety Disclosures 

PART II 

5.  Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer 

Purchases of Equity Securities 

6.  Selected Financial Data 
7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 

Operations 

7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk 

8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 
9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial 

Disclosure 

9A.  Controls and Procedures 
9B.  Other Information 

PART III 

10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 
11.  Executive Compensation 
12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related 

Stockholder Matters 

13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 
14.  Principal Accounting Fees and Services 

PART IV 

15.  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 
16.  Form 10-K Summary 

  Signatures 

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20 
38 
38 
38 
39 

39 
41 

41 
67 
68 

68 
68 
70 

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70 

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71 
71 

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ITEM 1.           BUSINESS 

PART I 

When  this  report  uses  the  words  “the  Company”,  “we”,  “us”  and  “our”,  these  words  refer  to  Monster 
Beverage  Corporation  and  its  subsidiaries,  unless  the  context  otherwise  requires.  Based  in  Corona,  California, 
Monster  Beverage  Corporation  is  a  holding  company  and  conducts  no  operating  business,  except  through  its 
consolidated subsidiaries. The Company’s subsidiaries primarily develop and market energy drinks. 

Overview 

We  develop,  market,  sell  and  distribute  energy  drink  beverages  and  concentrates  for  energy  drink 

beverages, primarily under the following brand names: 

     Monster Energy® 
     Monster Energy Ultra® 
     Monster Rehab® 
     Monster MAXX® 
     Java Monster® 
     Muscle Monster® 
     Espresso Monster® 
     Punch Monster® 
     Juice Monster® 
     Monster Hydro® Energy Water 
     Monster Hydro® Super Sport 
     Monster HydroSport Super Fuel® 
     Monster Super Fuel® 
     Monster Dragon Tea® 
     Reign Total Body Fuel® 
     Reign Inferno® Thermogenic Fuel 

Industry Overview 

           NOS® 

     Full Throttle® 
     Burn® 
     Mother® 
     Nalu® 
     Ultra Energy® 
     Play® and Power Play® (stylized) 
     Relentless® 
     BPM® 
     BU® 
     Gladiator® 
     Samurai® 
     Live+® 
     Predator® 
     Fury® 

The “alternative” beverage category combines non-carbonated, ready-to-drink iced teas, lemonades, juice 
cocktails,  single-serve  juices  and  fruit  beverages,  ready-to-drink  dairy  and  coffee  drinks,  energy  drinks,  sports 
drinks and single-serve still waters (flavored, unflavored and enhanced) with “new age” beverages, including sodas 
that are considered natural, sparkling juices and flavored sparkling beverages. According to Beverage Marketing 
Corporation,  domestic  U.S.  wholesale  sales  in  2020  for  the  “alternative”  beverage  category  of  the  market  are 
estimated at approximately $60.5 billion, representing an increase of approximately 1.8% over estimated domestic 
U.S. wholesale sales in 2019 of approximately $59.5 billion. 

Reportable Segments 

We  have  three  operating  and  reportable  segments,  (i)  Monster  Energy®  Drinks  segment  (“Monster 
Energy® Drinks”), which is primarily comprised of our Monster Energy® drinks and Reign Total Body Fuel® high 
performance energy drinks, (ii) Strategic Brands segment (“Strategic Brands”), which is primarily comprised of the 
various energy drink brands acquired from The Coca-Cola Company (“TCCC”) in 2015 as well as our affordable 
energy brands, and (iii) Other segment (“Other”), which is comprised of certain products sold by American Fruits 
and  Flavors,  LLC,  a  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  to  independent  third-party  customers  (the  “AFF  Third-Party 
Products”). 

6 

 
Our Monster Energy® Drinks segment primarily generates net operating revenues by selling ready-to-drink 
packaged energy drinks primarily to bottlers and full service beverage distributors. In some cases, we sell directly 
to  retail  grocery  and  specialty  chains,  wholesalers,  club  stores,  mass  merchandisers,  convenience  chains,  drug 
stores, foodservice customers, value stores, e-commerce retailers and the military. 

Our Strategic Brands segment primarily generates net operating revenues by selling “concentrates” and/or 
“beverage bases” to authorized bottling and canning operations. Such bottlers generally combine the concentrates 
and/or  beverage  bases  with  sweeteners,  water  and  other  ingredients  to  produce  ready-to-drink  packaged  energy 
drinks.  The  ready-to-drink  packaged  energy  drinks  are  then  sold  to  other  bottlers,  full  service  distributors  or 
retailers, including, retail grocery and specialty chains, wholesalers, club stores, mass merchandisers, convenience 
chains, foodservice customers, drug stores, value stores, e-commerce retailers and the military. To a lesser extent, 
our Strategic Brands segment generates net operating revenues by selling certain ready-to-drink packaged energy 
drinks to bottlers and full service beverage distributors. 

Generally,  the  Monster  Energy®  Drinks  segment  generates  higher  per  case  net  operating  revenues,  but 

lower per case gross profit margin percentages than the Strategic Brands segment. 

For certain risks with respect to our energy drinks see “Part I, Item 1A – Risk Factors” below. 

Corporate History 

In the 1930s, Hubert Hansen and his sons started  a business selling fresh non-pasteurized juices in Los 
Angeles, California. In 1977, Tim Hansen, one of the grandsons of Hubert Hansen, perceived a demand for shelf 
stable pasteurized natural juices and juice blends and formed Hansen Foods, Inc. (“HFI”). HFI expanded its product 
line from juices to include Hansen’s Natural Soda® brand sodas. In 1990, California Co-Packers Corporation (d/b/a 
Hansen Beverage Company) (“CCC”) acquired certain assets of HFI, including the right to market the Hansen’s® 
brand  name.  In  1992,  Hansen  Natural  Corporation  acquired  the  Hansen’s®  brand  natural  soda  and  apple  juice 
business from CCC. Under our ownership, the Hansen’s® beverage business significantly expanded to include a 
wide range of beverages within the growing “alternative” beverage category including, in particular, energy drinks. 
In 2012, we changed our name from Hansen Natural Corporation to Monster Beverage Corporation. In 2015, we 
acquired various energy brands from TCCC and disposed of our non-energy drink business. In 2016, we completed 
our acquisition of flavor supplier and long-time business partner AFF. 

2020 Product Introductions 

During 2020, we continued to expand our existing energy drink portfolio by adding additional products to 
our portfolio in a number of countries and further developed our distribution markets. During 2020, we sold the 
following new products to our bottlers/distributors: 

 Monster Energy® Dragon Ice TeaTM Lemon (Brazil)
 Monster Energy® Dragon TeaTM (China)
 Monster Energy Ultra Fiesta®
 Monster Energy Ultra Rosa®
 Monster Energy Ultra® Watermelon
 Monster Hydro® Super Sport Blue Streak
 Monster Hydro® Super Sport Red Dawg
Juice Monster® Khaotic® Energy + Juice

Juice Monster® PapillonTM Energy + Juice

Java Monster® 300 French Vanilla

Java Monster® 300 Mocha

 Reign Total Body Fuel® Lilikoi Lychee
 Reign Inferno® Thermogenic Fuel Jalapeno Strawberry
 Reign Inferno® Thermogenic Fuel Red Dragon

7 

  Reign Inferno® Thermogenic Fuel True BLU 
  NOS® Turbo 
  Burn® Dark Energy 
  Burn® Peach 
  Burn® Zero Raspberry 
  Nalu® Black Tea & Passion Fruit 
  Nalu® Green Tea & Ginger 
  Fury® Gold Strike 
  Ultra Energy® Peach Mango 
  Ultra Energy® Zero Raspberry 
  Monster Energy® Dragon’s Gold (China) 

In the normal course of business, we discontinue certain products and/or product lines. Those products or 
product lines discontinued in 2020, either individually or in aggregate, did not have a material adverse impact on 
our financial position, results of operations or liquidity. 

Products – Monster Energy® Drinks Segment 

Monster  Energy®  Drinks  –  a  line  of  carbonated  energy  drinks.  Our  Monster  Energy®  drinks  contain 
vitamins,  minerals,  nutrients,  herbs  and  other  ingredients  (collectively,  “supplement  ingredients”).  We  offer  the 
following  energy  drinks  under  the  Monster  Energy®  drink  product  line:  Monster  Energy®,  Lo-Carb  Monster 
Energy®, Monster Assault®, Monster Energy® Fury®, Juice Monster® Khaos®, Juice Monster® Khaotic®, Juice 
Monster® Mango Loco®, Juice Monster® Pacific Punch®, Juice Monster® PapillonTM, Juice Monster® Pipeline 
Punch®, Juice Monster® Ripper®, Monster® Mango Loco, Monster Energy® Absolutely Zero, Monster Energy® 
Import, Monster Energy® Export, M3(stylized)®, Monster Energy® Super Concentrate, Monster Mule®, Monster 
Cuba Libre®, Monster Energy Zero Ultra®, Monster Energy Ultra Black®, Monster Energy Ultra Blue®, Monster 
Energy  Ultra  Citron®,  Monster  Energy  Ultra  Fiesta®,  Monster  Energy  Ultra  Gold®,  Monster  Energy  Ultra 
Paradise®, Monster Energy Ultra Red®, Monster Energy Ultra Rosa®, Monster Energy Ultra Sunrise®, Monster 
Energy Ultra Violet®, Monster Energy Ultra® Watermelon, Monster Energy® Mixxd Punch, Monster Energy® 
Gronk, Monster Energy® Valentino Rossi and Monster Energy® Lewis Hamilton 44.  

Espresso Monster® Espresso + Energy Drinks – a line of non-carbonated dairy based espresso + energy 
drinks. We offer the following espresso + energy drinks under the Espresso Monster® product line: Espresso and 
Milk, Salted Caramel and Vanilla Espresso.  

Java Monster® Coffee + Energy Drinks – a line of non-carbonated dairy based coffee + energy drinks. We 
offer  the  following  coffee  +  energy  drinks  under  the  Java  Monster®  product  line:  Java  Monster®  300  French 
Vanilla, Java Monster® 300 Mocha, Java Monster® Farmer’s Oats, Java Monster® Irish Blend®, Java Monster® 
Kona  Blend, Java  Monster®  Loca  Moca®,  Java  Monster®  Mean  Bean®,  Java  Monster®  Salted  Caramel,  Java 
Monster® Swiss Chocolate and Java Monster® Vanilla Light.  

Monster Energy® Dragon Iced TeaTM  Energy Teas – a line of non-carbonated energy teas. We offer the 
following energy teas under the Monster Energy® Dragon Iced TeaTM product line in different countries: Green 
Tea, White Tea and Lemon Ice Tea. 

Monster  Hydro®  includes  two  product  lines:  Energy  Water  and  Super  Sport.  Monster  Hydro®  Energy 
Water  is  a  line  of  non-carbonated,  lightly  sweetened  refreshment  +  energy  drinks.  We  offer  the  following 
refreshment  +  energy  drinks  under the  Monster  Hydro®  Energy  Water  product  line:  Blue  Ice®,  Watermelon®, 
Purple Passion®, Tropical Thunder® and Zero Sugar. Monster Hydro® Super Sport is a line of non-carbonated, 
lightly sweetened refreshment + energy drinks that features an enhanced electrolyte blend and BCAA’s. We offer 
the following refreshment + energy drinks under the Monster Hydro® Super Sport product line: Blue Streak and 
Red Dawg. 

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Monster  HydroSport  Super  Fuel®  Hydration  +  Energy  Drinks  –  a  zero  sugar  line  of  non-carbonated, 
advanced hydration + energy drinks with BCAA’s. We offer the following advanced hydration + energy drinks 
under the Monster HydroSport Super Fuel® product line: Charge, Hang Time and Striker. 

Monster MAXX® Energy Drinks – a line of carbonated energy drinks containing nitrous oxide. We offer 
the following energy drinks under the Monster MAXX® product line: Eclipse, Mango Matic, Rad Red, Solaris and 
Super Dry.  

Monster Rehab® Energy Drinks – a line of non-carbonated energy drinks with electrolytes. We offer the 
following  energy  drinks  under  the  Monster  Rehab®  drink  line:  Monster  Rehab®  Tea  +  Lemonade  +  Energy, 
Monster Rehab® Tea + Orangeade + Energy, Monster Rehab® Peach Tea + Energy, Monster Rehab® Raspberry 
Tea + Energy and Monster Rehab® Strawberry Lemonade + Energy.  

Muscle Monster® Energy Shakes – a line of non-carbonated energy shakes containing 27-grams of protein. 
We  offer  the  following  energy  shakes  under  the  Muscle  Monster®  Energy  Shakes  product  line:  Chocolate  and 
Vanilla. 

Reign Total Body Fuel® High Performance Energy Drinks – a line of high performance energy drinks with 
BCAA’s, B vitamins, electrolytes and CoQ10 with zero sugar. We offer the following high performance energy 
drinks  under  the  Reign  Total  Body  Fuel®  product  line:  Carnival  Candy,  Cherry  Limeade,  Lemon  Hdz,  Lilikoi 
Lychee,  Mang-O-Matic,  Melon  Mania,  Orange  Dreamsicle,  Peach  Fizz,  Razzle  Berry,  Sour  Apple,  Strawberry 
Sublime and White Gummy Bear.  

Reign Inferno® Thermogenic Fuel High Performance Energy Drinks – a line of high performance energy 

drinks with a thermogenic performance blend in addition to BCAA’s, B vitamins, electrolytes, and CoQ10 with 
zero sugar. We offer the following high performance energy drinks under the Reign Inferno® Thermogenic Fuel 
product line: Jalapeno Strawberry, Red Dragon, True BLU and Watermelon Warlord.  

Products – Strategic Brands Segment 

BPM® – a line of carbonated energy drinks. We offer the following energy drinks under the BPM® product 

line: Focus Berry Red, Hydrate Citrus Green, Sour Twist and Zero Orange. 

BU® – a line of carbonated energy drinks. We offer the following energy drinks under the BU® product 

line: Island Punch and Original. 

Burn® – a line of carbonated energy drinks. We offer the following energy drinks under the Burn® product 
line: Apple Kiwi, Blue, Cherry, Dark Energy, Lemon Ice, Mango, Original, Passion Punch, Peach, Zero Raspberry, 
Sour Twist and Zero.  

Full Throttle® – a line of carbonated energy drinks. We offer the following energy drinks under the Full 

Throttle® product line:  Blue Agave and Original (Citrus). 

Fury®  –  a  line  of  affordable  carbonated  energy  drinks.  We  offer  the  following  energy  drink  under  the 

Fury® product line: Gold Strike. 

Gladiator® – a line of carbonated energy drinks. We offer the following energy drink under the Gladiator® 

product line: Original. 

Live+®  –  a  line  of  carbonated  energy  drinks.    We  offer  the  following  energy  drinks  under  the  Live+® 

product line:  Ascend, Ignite and Persist. 

Mother® – a line of carbonated energy drinks. We offer the following energy drinks under the Mother® 

product line: Epic Swell, Frosty Berry, Kicked Apple®, Original, Passion, Sugar Free and Tropical BlastTM. 

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Nalu® – a line of carbonated energy drinks. We offer the following energy drinks under the Nalu® product 

line: Black Tea & Passion Fruit, Exotic, Frost, Green Tea & Ginger, Original, Passion and Refresh. 

NOS® – a line of carbonated energy drinks. We offer the following energy drinks under the NOS® product 

line: GT Grape, Nitro Mango, Original, Sonic Sour and Turbo.  

Play® and Power Play® (stylized) – a line of carbonated energy drinks. We offer the following energy 
drinks under the Play® and Power Play® (stylized) product line: Apple Kiwi, Mango, Passion Fruit, Original and 
Sugar Free. 

Predator® – a line of affordable carbonated energy drinks. We offer the following energy drinks under the 

Predator® product line: Gold Strike, Mean Green, Purple Rain and Red Dawn. 

Relentless® –  a  line  of  carbonated  energy  drinks.    We  offer  the  following  energy  drinks  under  the 

Relentless® product line: Apple Kiwi, Cherry, Lemon Ice, Mango, Origin, Passion Punch, Sour Twist and Zero. 

Samurai® – a line of carbonated energy drinks.  We offer the following energy drinks under the Samurai® 

product line: Fruity and Strawberry. 

Ultra Energy® – a line of carbonated energy drinks.  We offer the following energy drinks under the Ultra 

Energy® product line: Apple Kiwi, Fury, Mango, Original, Passion Punch, Peach Mango and Zero Raspberry.  

Products – Other Segment 

AFF sells a limited number of products to independent third-party customers. 

Other Products 

We continue to evaluate and, where considered appropriate, introduce additional products, flavors and types 
of beverages to complement our existing product lines. We may also evaluate, and where considered appropriate, 
introduce additional types of consumer products we consider to be complementary to our existing products and/or 
to which our brand names are able to add value. 

Products – Packaging 

Our products are packaged in a variety of different package types and sizes including, but not limited to, 
aluminum  cans,  aluminum  cap  cans,  sleek  aluminum  cans,  aluminum  cans  with  re-sealable  ends  as  well  as 
polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic bottles and to a limited extent glass bottles. 

Manufacture and Distribution 

We  do  not  operate  our  own  manufacturing  facilities  for  finished  goods,  but  instead  outsource  the 

manufacturing process to third-party bottlers and contract packers. 

AFF develops and manufactures the primary flavors for our Monster Energy® Drinks segment. We also 
purchase flavors, concentrates, sweeteners, juices, supplement ingredients, cans, bottles, caps, labels, trays, boxes 
and other ingredients for our beverage products from ingredient suppliers, which are delivered to our various third-
party bottlers and co-packers. In some cases, certain common supplies may be purchased by our various third-party 
bottlers and co-packers. Depending on the product, the third-party bottlers or co-packers add filtered water and/or 
other ingredients (including supplement ingredients) for the manufacture and packaging of the finished products 
into  our  approved  containers  in  accordance  with  our  recipes  and  formulas.  Depending  on  the  beverage,  the 
bottler/packer may also add carbonation to the products as part of the production process. 

10 

For  our  Strategic  Brands  segment,  we  primarily  purchase  concentrates  and/or  beverage  bases  from 
ingredient suppliers, which are then sold to certain of our various third-party bottlers/distributors. The third-party 
bottlers/distributors  are  responsible  for  the  manufacture  and  packaging  of  the  finished  products,  including  the 
procurement of all other required ingredients and packaging materials. For certain limited products in the Strategic 
Brands segment, we may purchase flavors, concentrates, sweeteners, juices, supplement ingredients, cans, bottles, 
caps,  labels,  trays,  boxes  and  other  ingredients  for  our  Strategic  Brand  products  from  our  suppliers,  which  are 
delivered  to  our  various  third-party  bottlers  and  co-packers.  In  some  cases,  certain  common  supplies  may  be 
purchased by our various third-party bottlers and co-packers. Depending on the product, the third-party bottlers or 
co-packers add filtered water and/or other ingredients (including supplement ingredients), for the manufacture and 
packaging  of  the  finished  products  into  our  approved  containers  in  accordance  with  our  recipes  and  formulas. 
Depending on the beverage, the bottler/co-packer may also add carbonation to the products as part of the production 
process. 

Co-Packing Arrangements 

All  of  our  finished  goods  are  manufactured  by  various  third-party  bottlers  and  co-packers  situated 
throughout  the  United  States  and  abroad,  under  separate  arrangements  with  each  party.  Our  co-packaging 
arrangements  vary  in  terms  and  do  not  generally  obligate  us  to procure  minimum  quantities  of  products  within 
specified periods.  

In  some  instances,  subject  to  agreement,  certain  equipment  may  be  purchased  exclusively  by  us  and/or 
jointly with our co-packers, and installed at their facilities to enable them to produce certain of our products. In 
certain cases, such equipment remains our property and is required to be returned to us upon termination of the 
packing arrangements with such co-packers, unless we are reimbursed by the co-packer at the then book value or 
via a per-case credit over a pre-determined number of cases that are produced at the facilities concerned. 

For our Monster Energy® Drinks segment, we are generally responsible for arranging for the purchase and 
delivery to our third-party bottlers and co-packers of the containers in which our beverage products are packaged. 

Our products are packaged in a number of locations, both domestically and internationally, which enables 
us to produce products closer to the markets where they are sold, with the objective of reducing freight costs as well 
as transportation-related product damages. As distribution volumes increase in both our domestic and international 
markets, we will continue to source additional packing arrangements closer to such markets to further reduce freight 
costs. 

Our ability to estimate demand for our products is imprecise, particularly with new products, and may be 
less precise during periods of rapid growth, particularly in new markets. If we materially underestimate demand for 
our  products  and/or  are  unable  to  secure  sufficient  ingredients  or  raw  materials  including,  but  not  limited  to, 
aluminum  cans,  aluminum  cap  cans,  sleek  aluminum  cans,  aluminum  cans  with  re-sealable  ends,  PET  plastic 
bottles, caps, labels, flavors, juice concentrates, coffee, tea, supplement ingredients, other ingredients and certain 
sweeteners,  and/or  procure  adequate  packing  arrangements  and/or  obtain  adequate  or  timely  shipment  of  our 
products, we might not be able to satisfy demand on a short-term basis. (See “Part I, Item 1A – Risk Factors”). 

For the majority of our products, including our Monster Energy® brand energy drinks, our Java Monster® 
product line, our Espresso Monster® product line, our Monster Hydro® product lines, our Monster HydroSport 
Super Fuel® product line, our Monster Super Fuel® product line, our Muscle Monster® product line, our Monster 
MAXX®  product  line,  our  Juice  Monster®  product  line,  our  Reign  Total  Body  Fuel®  product  line,  our  Reign 
Inferno® Thermogenic Fuel product line and certain of our other products, there are limited co-packing facilities in 
our domestic and international markets with adequate capacity and/or suitable equipment to package our products. 
We  believe  a  short  disruption  or  delay  in  production  would  not  significantly  affect  our  revenues;  however,  as 
alternative co-packing facilities in our domestic and international markets with adequate long-term capacity may 
not be available for such products, either at commercially reasonable rates and/or within a reasonably short time 
period, if at all, a lengthy disruption or delay in production of any of such products could significantly affect our 
revenues.  

11 

We continue to actively seek alternative and/or additional co-packing facilities around the world (including 
in Africa, Asia, Australia, Central and South America, China, Europe, India, Mexico, the Middle East and the United 
States) with adequate capacity and capability for the production of our various products to minimize transportation 
costs  and  transportation-related  damages  as  well  as  to  mitigate  the  risk  of  a  disruption  in  production  and/or 
importation. 

Distribution Agreements 

During 2020, we continued to expand distribution of our products in both our domestic and international 

markets. 

Distribution levels vary by product and geographic location. Net sales outside the United States were $1.51 

billion, $1.33 billion and $1.09 billion for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Monster Energy® Distribution Agreements 

We  have  entered  into  agreements  with  various  bottlers/distributors  providing  for  the  distribution  of  our 
products during initial terms of up to twenty years, which may be renewed thereafter for additional terms ranging 
from  one  to  five years,  subject  to  certain  terms  and  conditions  which  may  vary  depending  on  the  form  of  the 
agreement.  Such  agreements  remain  in  effect  for  their  then-current  term  as  long  as  our  products  are  being 
distributed, but are subject to specified termination rights held by each party, which may include by way of example, 
and depending on the form of agreement, termination upon: mutual agreement; material breach of the agreement 
by, or an insolvency of, either party; deadlock; change of control; changes in legal or regulatory conditions and 
termination of certain related agreements. Additionally, we are entitled to terminate certain distribution agreements 
at any time without cause upon payment of a termination fee, including a limited number of distribution agreements 
with TCCC network bottlers that were entered into prior to 2015. 

Certain  of  our  material  distribution  arrangements  for  our  Monster  Energy®  brand  energy  drinks,  as 

amended from time to time, are described below: 

(a)  Amended  and  Restated  Distribution  Coordination  Agreement  with  TCCC,  pursuant  to  which  we  have 
designated,  and  in  the  future  may  designate,  subject  to  TCCC’s  approval,  territories  in  Canada  and  the 
United  States  in  which  bottlers  from  TCCC’s  network  of  wholly  or  partially-owned  and  independent 
bottlers (the “TCCC North American Bottlers”) will distribute and sell, or continue to distribute and sell, 
our Monster Energy® brand energy drinks. 

(b) 

 Amended and Restated International Distribution Coordination Agreement with TCCC, pursuant to which 
we have designated, and in the future may designate, countries, or territories within countries, in which we 
wish to appoint TCCC network bottlers to distribute and sell our Monster Energy® brand energy drinks, 
subject  to  TCCC’s  approval.  In  February  2020,  the  Amended  and  Restated  International  Distribution 
Coordination Agreement with TCCC was renewed for an additional five year term.  

(c) 

 Additionally, we have entered into distribution agreements for certain of our Monster Energy® products 
with various TCCC network bottlers, both in the United States and internationally. 

All distribution territories in the United States, and substantially all distribution territories internationally 

have been transitioned to TCCC network bottlers/distributors.  

Strategic Brands Distribution Agreements 

We  have  entered  into  distribution  coordination  agreements  with  TCCC  pursuant  to  which  we  have 
designated, and in the future may designate, subject to TCCC’s approval, territories in which TCCC network bottlers 
will distribute our Strategic Brands energy drinks. 

We  have  entered  into  agreements  with  various  TCCC  network  bottlers,  both  in  the  United  States  and 

internationally, providing for the distribution and sale of our Strategic Brands energy drinks. 

12 

Raw Materials and Suppliers 

The principal raw materials used in the manufacturing of our products are aluminum cans, aluminum cap 
cans, sleek aluminum cans, aluminum cans with re-sealable ends, PET plastic bottles, caps, as well as flavors, juice 
concentrates,  glucose,  sugar,  sucralose,  milk,  cream,  protein,  coffee,  tea,  supplement  ingredients  and  other 
packaging materials, the costs of which are subject to fluctuations.  As a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, 
we have seen a shift in consumer channel preferences and package configurations, including an increase in at-home 
consumption and a decrease in food service on-premise consumption. This shift has resulted in increased industry 
demand for aluminum cans, leading to aluminum cans being in short supply.  

AFF is the primary flavor supplier for our Monster Energy® brand energy drinks. We also purchase flavors 
from other suppliers as well as juices, supplement ingredients, glucose, sugar, sucralose, other sweeteners and other 
ingredients from independent suppliers located in the United States and abroad. 

For  our  Strategic  Brands  energy  drinks,  we  purchase  flavors,  concentrates  and/or  beverage  bases  from 
flavor suppliers including TCCC in the United States and abroad, and may purchase certain other ingredients from 
independent suppliers located in the United States and abroad. 

With  regard  to  our  Java  Monster®,  Espresso  Monster®  and  Muscle  Monster®  product  lines,  the  dairy, 
protein and retort co-packing industries are subject to shortages and increased demand from time to time, which 
may result in production disruption and/or higher prices.  

For  certain  flavors  purchased  from  third-party  suppliers  and  used  in  a  limited  number  of  our  Monster 
Energy® brand energy drinks and/or our Strategic Brands energy drinks, these third-party flavor suppliers own the 
proprietary rights to certain of their flavor formulas. We do not have possession of the list of such flavor ingredients 
or formulas used in the production of certain of our products and certain of our blended concentrates, and we may 
be unable to obtain comparable flavors or concentrates from alternative suppliers on short notice. Our third-party 
flavor  suppliers  generally  do  not  make  such  flavors  and/or  blended  concentrates  available  to  other  third-party 
customers. 

We have identified alternative suppliers for many of the ingredients contained in many of our beverages. 
However,  industry-wide  shortages  of  certain  flavors,  fruits  and  fruit  juices,  coffee,  tea,  dairy-based  products, 
supplement ingredients and sweeteners have been, and could from time to time in the future be, encountered, which 
could interfere with and/or delay production of certain of our products. 

We continually endeavor to develop back-up sources of supply for certain of our flavors and concentrates 
purchased from third-party suppliers, as well as to negotiate arrangements with our existing suppliers, which would 
enable us to obtain access to certain of such concentrates or flavor formulas under certain circumstances. We have 
been  partially  successful  in  these endeavors.  Additionally,  in a  limited  number of  cases,  contractual  restrictions 
and/or the necessity to obtain regulatory approvals and licenses may limit our ability to enter into agreements with 
alternative suppliers, manufacturers and/or distributors. 

Competition 

The beverage industry is highly competitive. The principal areas  of competition are pricing, packaging, 
development of new products and flavors as well as promotional and marketing strategies. Our products compete 
with a wide range of drinks produced by a relatively large number of companies, many of which have substantially 
greater financial, marketing and distribution resources than we do. 

Important factors affecting our ability to compete successfully include brand and product image, taste and 
flavor of products, trade and consumer promotions, rapid and effective development of new and unique cutting edge 
products, ingredients, attractive and different packaging, brand exposure and marketing as well as pricing. We also 
rely on our bottlers and full service beverage distributors to allocate more attention to our products than those of 
our  competitors,  provide  stable  and  reliable  distribution  and  secure  adequate  shelf  space  in  retail  outlets. 
Competitive  pressures  in  the  “alternative”,  energy,  coffee  and “functional”  beverage  categories  could  cause  our 

13 

products to maintain or to lose market share or we could experience price erosion, which could have a material 
adverse effect on our business and results of operations. 

We have experienced and continue to experience competition from new entrants in the energy drink and 
energy  shot  categories.  A  number  of  companies  who  market  and  distribute  iced  teas,  coffees,  juice  cocktails, 
enhanced  waters  and  sports  drinks  in  various  larger  volume  packages  in  glass  and  plastic  bottles  (including 
BODYARMOR, Vitamin Water, CORE, Snapple, Arizona, Ocean Spray, Honest Tea, Gold Peak Tea, Powerade, 
Gatorade Bolt 24 and Starbucks) and 12- and 16-ounce cans (such as Mountain Dew Kickstart and Amp Game 
Fuel), have added supplement ingredients to their products with a view to marketing their products as “functional” 
or energy beverages or as having “functional” benefits. We believe that many of those products contain lower levels 
of  supplement  ingredients,  principally  deliver  refreshment  and  are  positioned  differently  from  our  energy  or 
“functional” drinks.  

We are also subject to increasing levels of regulatory issues including in relation to the registration and/or 
taxation of our products in certain new international markets, which may put us at a competitive disadvantage. (See 
“Government Regulation” below for additional information). 

We compete not only for consumer preference, but also for maximum marketing, sales efforts and attention 
from our multi-brand licensed bottlers, brokers and distributors, many of which have a principal affiliation with 
competing  companies  and  brands.  Our  products  compete  with  all  liquid  refreshments  and  in  many  cases  with 
products  of  much  larger  and  in  some  cases  better  financed  competitors,  including  the  products  of  numerous 
nationally and internationally known producers such as TCCC, PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”), Keurig Dr. Pepper Inc. 
(“KDP”) and Red Bull GmbH. We also compete with companies that are smaller or primarily local in operation. 
Our products also compete with private-label brands such as those carried by grocery store chains, convenience 
store chains and club stores.  

Domestically,  our  energy  drinks  compete  directly  with  Red  Bull,  Rockstar,  Amp  and  Amp  GameFuel, 
Venom, VPX Redline, 5-Hour Energy Shots, MiO Energy, Stacker 2, VPX Bang, V8 + Energy, Uptime, hi*ball, 
CELSIUS, C4, Alani Nu, 3D Energy, Coca-Cola Energy, ZOA Energy, Rowdy Energy and many other brands. In 
2020, PepsiCo acquired Rockstar and entered into an agreement with VPX to distribute VPX Bang products in the 
United States. PepsiCo also markets and/or distributes additional products in that market segment such as Pepsi 
Max, Mountain Dew, Mountain Dew Kickstart and Mountain Dew Amp Game Fuel. Internationally, our energy 
drinks  compete  with  Red  Bull  (including  non-carbonated  Red  Bull  in  China  and  Asia),  Rockstar,  V-Energy, 
Lucozade,  Coca-Cola  Energy  and  numerous  local  and  private-label  brands  that  usually  differ  from  country  to 
country, such as HELL, Amper, Shock, Tiger, Fearless, Boost, TNT, Shark, Dragon, Score, Sting, Hot 6, Suntory 
ZONE, Battery, Bullit, Flash Up, Black, Non-Stop, Bomba, Semtex, Vive 100, Dark Dog, Speed, Guarana, M-150, 
Lipovitan, Bacchus, Volt, Bolt, Mr. Big, Boom, Raptor, Amp, Fusion, Hi-Tiger, Eastroc Super Drink, Carabao, 
Power Horse, XL, Crazy Tiger, Effect, Missile, Nocco, Adrenaline Rush, Real Gold, War Horse, BLU, and a host 
of other international brands.  

Our  Reign  Total  Body  Fuel®  and  Reign  Inferno®  Thermogenic  Fuel  high  performance  energy  drinks 
compete  with  VPX  Bang,  Adrenaline  Shoc,  C4,  CELSIUS,  NOCCO,  Rockstar  XDURANCE  and  Quake  in  the 
performance energy category.  

Our Java Monster® and Espresso Monster® product lines compete directly with Starbucks Frappuccino, 
Starbucks Doubleshot, Starbucks Doubleshot Energy Plus Coffee, Starbucks Tripleshot and other Starbucks coffee 
drinks, Costa Coffee, Rockstar Roasted, Dunkin Donuts, Gold Peak, Stok, High Brew, McCafé, hi*ball, Douwe 
Egberts Coffee, Emmi CAFFÈ, Bang Keto Coffee, Nescafe and International Delight.  

Our  Muscle  Monster®  product  line  competes  directly  with  Muscle  Milk,  Core  Power,  Premier  Protein, 
Kellogg’s Special K Protein, Bolthouse Farms Protein, EAS AdvantEDGE, EAS Myoplex and Gatorade G Series 
03 Recover. 

14 

Our Monster Hydro® Energy Water, Monster HydroSport Super Fuel® and Monster Hydro® Super Sport 
product lines compete directly with Vitamin Water, Sparkling Ice, Bai, Propel, Vita Coco, Lucozade, Powerade, 
Gatorade Bolt 24 and BODYARMOR. 

Sales and Marketing 

Our sales and marketing strategy for all our beverages is to focus our efforts on developing brand awareness 
through  image-enhancing  programs  and  product  sampling.  We  use  our  branded  vehicles  and  other  promotional 
vehicles at events where we offer samples of our products to consumers. We utilize “push-pull” methods to enhance 
shelf and display space exposure in sales outlets (including racks, coolers and barrel coolers), advertising, in-store 
promotions  and  in-store  placement  of  point-of-sale  materials  to  encourage  demand  from  consumers  for  our 
products. We also support our brands with prize promotions, price promotions, competitions, endorsements from 
selected public and sports figures, sports personality endorsements, sampling and sponsorship of selected athletes, 
teams, series, bands, esports, causes and events. In-store posters, outdoor posters, social media, concerts, print, radio 
and television advertising (directly and through our sponsorships and endorsements) and coupons may also be used 
to promote our brands. 

We believe that one of the keys to success in the beverage industry is differentiation, making our brands 
and products visually appealing and distinctive from other beverages on the shelves of retailers. We review our 
products and packaging on an ongoing basis and, where practical, endeavor to make them different and unique. The 
labels and graphics for many of our products are redesigned and refreshed from time to time to maximize their 
visibility and identification, wherever they may be placed in stores, which we continue to reevaluate from time to 
time. 

Where appropriate, we partner with our bottlers/distributors and/or retailers to assist our marketing efforts. 

We decreased expenditures for our sales and marketing programs by approximately 9.7% in 2020 compared 
to  2019.  This  decrease  was  primarily  due  to  decreased  expenditures  for  sponsorship  and  endorsements  and 
decreased expenditures for travel and entertainment, each largely as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. 
The costs for certain postponed or rescheduled events have been, or may be, deferred to future periods. Due to the 
uncertainty surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, we are unable to estimate in which future periods, if any, such 
deferred sponsorship and endorsement costs will be recognized. 

Customers 

Our customers are primarily full service beverage bottlers/distributors, retail grocery, drug and specialty 
chains, wholesalers, club stores, mass merchandisers, convenience chains, foodservice customers, value stores, e-
commerce retailers and the military. Percentages of our gross billings to our various customer types for the years 
ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 are reflected below. Such information includes sales made by us directly 
to the customer types concerned, which include our full service beverage bottlers/distributors in the United States. 
Such full service beverage bottlers/distributors in turn sell certain of our products to some of the same customer 
types  listed  below.  We  limit  our  description  of  our  customer  types  to  include  only  our  sales  to  our  full  service 
bottlers/distributors without reference to such bottlers/distributors’ sales to their own customers. 

U.S. full service bottlers/distributors 
International full service bottlers/distributors 
Club stores and e-commerce retailers 
Retail grocery, direct convenience, specialty chains and wholesalers   
Direct value stores and other 

     2020   
56%   
34%   
8% 
1% 
1% 

2019   
58%   
33%   
7% 
1% 
1% 

2018 
61% 
31% 
6% 
1% 
1% 

Our  customers  include  Coca-Cola  Canada  Bottling  Limited,  Coca-Cola  Consolidated,  Inc.,  Coca-Cola 
Bottling Company United, Inc., Reyes Coca-Cola Bottling, LLC, Great Lakes Coca-Cola Distribution, LLC, Coca-

15 

 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Cola Southwest Beverages LLC, The Coca-Cola Bottling Company of Northern New England, Inc., Swire Pacific 
Holdings,  Inc.  (USA),  Liberty  Coca-Cola  Beverages,  LLC,  Coca-Cola  European  Partners,  Coca-Cola  Hellenic, 
Coca-Cola  FEMSA,  Coca-Cola  Amatil,  Swire  Coca-Cola  (China),  COFCO  Coca-Cola,  Coca-Cola  Beverages 
Africa, Coca-Cola İçecek and certain other TCCC network bottlers, Asahi Soft Drinks, Co., Ltd., Wal-Mart, Inc. 
(including Sam’s Club), Costco Wholesale Corporation and Amazon.com, Inc. A decision by any large customer 
to decrease amounts purchased from us or to cease carrying our products could have a material negative effect on 
our financial condition and consolidated results of operations. 

Coca-Cola Consolidated, Inc. accounted for approximately 12%, 13% and 13% of our net sales for the years 

ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Reyes Coca-Cola Bottling, LLC accounted for approximately 11%, 11% and 12% of our net sales for the 

years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Coca-Cola  European  Partners  accounted  for  approximately  10%  of  our  net  sales  for  the  years  ended 

December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. 

Seasonality 

Sales  of  ready-to-drink  beverages  are  somewhat  seasonal,  with  the  second  and  third  calendar  quarters 
accounting for the highest sales volumes. We believe that the volume of sales in the beverage industry is affected 
by weather conditions. However, the energy drink category appears to be less seasonal than traditional beverages. 
Quarterly fluctuations may also be affected by other factors including the introduction of new products, the opening 
of new markets, particularly internationally, where temperature fluctuations may be more pronounced, the addition 
of new bottlers and distributors, changes in the mix of the sales of our finished products and increased or decreased 
advertising  and  promotional  expenses.  However,  the  COVID-19  pandemic  may  have  an  impact  on  consumer 
behaviors that may result in temporary changes in the seasonal fluctuations of our business. 

Intellectual Property 

We presently have more than 14,200 registered trademarks and pending applications in various countries 
worldwide,  and  we  apply  for  new  trademarks  on  an  ongoing  basis.  We  regard  our  trademarks,  service  marks, 
copyrights, domain names, trade dress and other intellectual property as very important to our business. We consider 
Monster®,  Monster  Energy®,  ®,  Monster  Energy  Ultra®,  Monster  Dragon  Tea®,  Unleash  the  Beast!®, 
Mutant®,  Monster  Rehab®,  Java  Monster®,  Muscle  Monster®,  Punch  Monster®,  Juice  Monster®, 
 Hydro® 
(stylized), Monster HydroSport Super Fuel®, Monster Super Fuel®, Espresso Monster®, Monster MAXX®, Reign 
Total Body Fuel®, Reign Inferno®, BU®, Nalu®, NOS®, Full Throttle®, Burn®, Mother®, Ultra Energy®, Play® 
and Power Play® (stylized), Relentless®, Predator®, Fury®, Live+® and BPM® to be our core trademarks. We 
also own the intellectual property of our most important flavors for certain of our Monster Energy® Brand energy 
drinks in perpetuity. 

We  have  registered  Monster®,  Monster  Energy®,  ®,  Monster  Energy  Ultra®,  Unleash  the  Beast!®, 
Mutant®, Monster Rehab®, Java Monster®, Muscle Monster®, Punch Monster®, Juice Monster®, M Hydro®, 
Espresso  Monster®,  Monster  MAXX®,  BU®,  Nalu®,  Burn®,  Mother®,  Play®,  Power  Play®  (stylized), 
Relentless®,  Ultra Energy®, BPM®, Predator®, Fury®, Live+®, Reign®, Reign Total Body Fuel® and Reign 
Inferno® outside of the United States in certain jurisdictions. 

We protect our trademarks by applying for registrations and registering our trademarks with the United 
States Patent and Trademark Office and with government agencies in other countries around the world, particularly 
where our products are distributed and sold.  We assert copyright ownership of the statements, graphics and content 
appearing on the packaging of our products and in our marketing materials.  We aggressively pursue individuals 
and/or entities seeking to profit from the unauthorized use of our trademarks and copyrights, including, without 
limitation,  wholesalers,  street  vendors,  retailers,  online  auction  site  sellers  and  website  operators.  In  addition  to 

16 

initiating  civil  actions  against  these  individuals  and  entities,  we  work  with  law  enforcement  officials  where 
appropriate. 

Depending upon the jurisdiction, trademarks are valid as long as they are in use and/or their registrations 
are properly maintained and they have not been found to have become generic.  Registrations of trademarks can 
generally be renewed as long as the trademarks are in use. 

We  also  enforce  and  protect  our  trademark  rights  against  third  parties  infringing  or  disparaging  our 

trademarks by opposing registration of conflicting trademarks and initiating litigation as necessary. 

Government Regulation 

The production, distribution and sale in the United States of many of our products are subject to various 
U.S. federal, state and local regulations, including but not limited to: the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act 
(“FD&C Act”); the Occupational Safety and Health Act and various state laws and regulations governing workplace 
health and safety; various environmental statutes; the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 
(“California Proposition 65”) and a number of other federal, state and local statutes and regulations applicable to 
the  production,  transportation,  sale,  safety,  advertising,  marketing,  labeling  and  ingredients  of  such  products. 
Outside the United States, the production, distribution and sale of many of our products are also subject to numerous 
statutes and regulations. 

We  also  may  in  the  future  be  affected  by  other  existing,  proposed  and  potential  future  regulations  or 
regulatory actions, including those described below, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial 
condition and results of operations. See “Part I, Item 1A – Risk Factors – Changes in government regulation, or 
failure to comply with existing regulations, could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of 
operations” below for additional information. 

Furthermore, legislation may be introduced in the United States and other countries at the federal, state, 
municipal and supranational level in respect of each of the subject areas discussed below.  Public health officials 
and health advocates are increasingly focused on the public health consequences associated with obesity, especially 
as it affects children, and are seeking legislative change to reduce the consumption of sweetened beverages. There 
also has been an increased focus on caffeine content in beverages, as discussed below, and we are seeing some 
attention to other ingredients in energy drinks. 

Product  Formulation,  Labeling  and  Advertising.  Globally,  we  are  subject  to  a  number  of  regulations 
applicable to the formulation, labeling and advertising of our products. In California, we are subject to California 
Proposition 65, a law which requires that a specified warning be provided before exposing California consumers to 
any product that contains in excess of threshold amounts of a substance listed by California as having been found 
to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity. California Proposition 65 does not require a warning if the manufacturer 
of a product can demonstrate that the use of the product in question exposes consumers to an average daily quantity 
of a listed substance that is below that threshold amount, which is determined either by scientific criteria set forth 
in applicable regulations or via a “safe harbor” threshold that may be established by the state, or the substance is 
naturally occurring, or is subject to another applicable exception. If we are required to add warning labels to any of 
our products or place warnings in certain locations where our products are sold, it will be difficult to predict whether, 
or  to  what  extent,  such  a  warning  would  have  an  adverse  impact on  sales  of  our  products  in  those  locations  or 
elsewhere. 

In addition, in May 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) revised regulations with 
respect  to  serving  size  information  and  nutrition  labeling  on  food  and  beverage  products,  including  a  new 
requirement to disclose the amount of added sugars in such products. These changes went into effect on January 1, 
2020,  though  FDA  announced  that  it  is  not  focusing  on  enforcement  due  to  challenges  in  meeting  these 
requirements, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further, in December 2018, the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture promulgated regulations requiring that, by January 1, 2022, the labels of certain bioengineered foods 

17 

include a disclosure that the food is bioengineered. We may incur significant costs to alter our existing packaging 
materials to comply with these and other new regulations. Additionally, these new regulations may impact, reduce 
and/or otherwise affect the purchase and consumption of our products by consumers. 

Further,  the  City  of  San  Francisco  enacted  an  ordinance  that  would  require  health  warnings  on 
advertisements  for  certain  sugar-sweetened  beverages,  though  enforcement  has  been  delayed  due  to  a  lawsuit 
challenging the ordinance. In January 2019, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, sitting en banc, granted 
a preliminary injunction blocking enforcement of the ordinance, concluding that a First Amendment challenge to 
the ordinance was likely to succeed on the merits.  In February 2020, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors passed 
legislation  to  amend  the  ordinance.  The  plaintiff  amended  its  pleading  and  litigation  continues  in  the  Northern 
District of California over this revised legislation. 

In July 2012, we received a subpoena from the Attorney General for the State of New York in connection 
with an investigation relating to the advertising, marketing, promotion, ingredients, usage and sale of our Monster 
Energy® brand energy drinks. We cannot predict the outcome of this inquiry and what effect, if any, it may have 
on our business, financial condition or results of operations. 

Other  countries,  such  as  the  member  states  of  the  Gulf  Cooperation  Council,  Colombia,  Brazil,  the 
Dominican Republic and Mexico, and the People’s Republic of China are also considering, or have enacted, new 
labeling requirements, which may require us to amend our labels and warning statements. The United Kingdom 
Government has also suggested that it may review food labeling laws following the United Kingdom’s departure 
from the European Union (“Brexit”). 

Age  and  Other  Restrictions  on  Energy  Drink  Products.  Proposals  to  limit  or  restrict  the  sale  and/or 
advertising of energy drinks to minors and/or persons below a specified age, and/or restrict the venues in which 
energy drinks can be sold, and/or to restrict the use of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (formerly 
food  stamps)  to  purchase  energy  drinks  have  been  raised  and/or  enacted  in  certain  U.S.  states,  counties, 
municipalities and/or in certain foreign countries. For example, in the United States, bills seeking to impose an age 
restriction on the sale of energy drinks have been introduced in the South Carolina and Connecticut legislatures.  
Outside of the United States, for example, Latvia, Lithuania and Turkey prohibit the sale of energy drinks to persons 
under the age of 18; Canada prohibits the promotion of energy drinks to children 12 years and under; Latvia and 
Scotland  prohibit  the  sale  of  energy  drinks  in  educational  establishments;  and  Turkey  prohibits  the  sale  or 
advertising of energy drinks in “collective consumption areas,” such as sports complexes, schools or hospitals. Latin 
American countries such as Chile, Colombia and Brazil are considering age and other sales restrictions on energy 
drinks, as are other countries such as the United Kingdom, Romania and Bulgaria.  

Excise Taxes on Energy Drinks. Legislation that would impose an excise tax on sweetened beverages has 
been proposed in the U.S. Congress, in some state legislatures and by some local governments, with excise taxes 
generally ranging between $0.01 and $0.02 per ounce of sweetened beverage.  Berkeley, California became the first 
jurisdiction to pass such a measure, and a general tax of $0.01 per ounce on certain sweetened drinks, including 
energy drinks, became effective on January 1, 2015. Other U.S. jurisdictions (including Albany, Oakland and San 
Francisco, California; Boulder, Colorado; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Seattle, Washington) have passed similar 
measures, some of which have been challenged in litigation. The imposition of such taxes on our products would 
increase  the  cost  of  certain  of  our  products  or,  to  the  extent  levied  directly  on  consumers,  make  certain  of  our 
products  less  affordable.  Excise  taxes  on  sweetened  beverages  already  are  in  effect  in  certain  foreign  countries 
where we do business, such as France, the United Kingdom, Ireland, South Africa and Mexico. Poland recently 
established a tax on drinks with added sugars, specifically targeting beverages containing caffeine and taurine. Other 
countries, including the Dominican Republic, are considering similar measures. In addition, legislation has been 
proposed in certain jurisdictions that would specifically impose excise taxes on energy drinks. For example, Kuwait 
is  considering  a  proposal  that  would  impose  an  excise  tax  on  energy  drinks.  Such  targeted  legislation  has  been 
passed in other countries. For instance, on January 1, 2020, a reform to a Mexican excise tax went into effect that 
expanded the definition of an “energy drink” subject to this tax to include products with any amount of caffeine 
(the prior version of the tax required a threshold of 20 milligrams of caffeine per 100 millimeters for the tax to be 

18 

applicable)  and  “taurine  or  glucuronolactone  or  thiamine  and/or  any  other  substance  that  produces  similar 
stimulating effects.”  Hungary has instituted an excise tax to which our products are subject. Bahrain, Saudi Arabia 
and the United Arab Emirates began applying a selective tax of 100% on energy drinks in 2017, Qatar and Oman 
began applying the tax in 2019, and there are indications that a similar measure may be enacted in Kuwait. 

Limits  on  Caffeine  Content.  Legislation  has  been  proposed  to  limit  the  amount  of  caffeine  that  may  be 
contained in beverages, including energy drinks. Some jurisdictions where we do business have prescribed limited 
caffeine content for beverages. For example, in Canada, the maximum amount of caffeine cannot exceed 180 mg 
per  single-serving  container  or  per  serving  (500  ml)  in  the  case  of  a  multi-serving  container.  We  adjusted  the 
caffeine levels in certain of our Monster Energy® products that are sold in Canada to address these regulations, 
although the majority of our products were unaffected.  In Europe, examples of caffeine restrictions include the 
Netherlands  where  there  is  a  limit  of  35mg/100ml,  and  Norway  introduced,  as  of  January  1,  2020  (subject  to 
transition periods), a limit of 32mg/100ml.  Caffeine limit restrictions or restrictions on combining caffeine with 
other  ingredients  or  in  particular  product  sectors  (such  as  performance  beverages/sport  drinks)  have  also  been 
implemented or proposed in other jurisdictions, including Turkey, India, Pakistan’s Punjab region, Egypt and the 
member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council. Such restrictions could require reformulations of certain of our 
products.  However,  we  may  not  be  able  to  satisfactorily  reformulate  our  products  in  all jurisdictions  that  adopt 
similar legislation.  

Limitations on Container Size. We package our products in a variety of different package types and sizes 
including, for certain of our Monster Energy® brand energy drinks, aluminum cans larger than 16 fluid ounces. 
Certain jurisdictions, such as Colombia, Costa Rica, Egypt and the Dominican Republic, are considering container 
size limitations on energy drinks and other beverages which may require us to change the size of our products sold 
in  these  countries.    Other  countries,  like  England,  have  considered  and  rejected  proposed  can  size  limitations 
although it is open to such markets to revisit these and other similar proposals. 

Compliance with Environmental Laws 

Our facilities in the United States are subject to federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. 
Our operations in other countries are subject to similar federal, state, local and supranational laws and regulations 
that may be applicable in such countries. Compliance with these provisions has not had, nor do we expect such 
compliance to have, any material adverse effect upon our capital expenditures, net income or competitive position. 

Container Deposits. Various municipalities, states and foreign countries require that a deposit be charged 
for  certain  non-refillable  beverage  containers.  The  precise  requirements  imposed  by  these  measures  vary  by 
jurisdiction.  Other  deposit,  recycling  or  product  stewardship  proposals  have  been,  and  may  in  the  future  be, 
introduced in certain U.S. states, counties, municipalities and in certain foreign countries. 

In California, we are required to collect redemption values from our customers and to remit such redemption 
values to the State of California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery based upon the number of cans 
and bottles of certain carbonated and non-carbonated products sold. In certain other states and countries where our 
products are sold, we are also required to collect deposits from our customers and to remit such deposits to the 
respective  jurisdictions  based  upon  the  number  of  cans  and  bottles  of  certain  carbonated  and  non-carbonated 
products sold in such states. 

Human Capital Resources 

As of December 31, 2020, we have employees in 66 countries, with a total of 3,666 employees working 
worldwide.  This  employee  population  includes  2,535  employees  in  North  America,  228  employees  in  Latin 
America, 217 employees in Asia Pacific and 686 employees in Europe, Mideast and Africa (“EMEA”). Most of our 
employees are full-time (3,013 employees) and the remaining 653 employees hold part-time positions. Of our 3,666 
employees, we employ 1,185 in corporate and operational capacities (including administration, human resources, 
legal, information technology, operations, facilities, warehouse, product development, regulatory and accounting) 
and 2,481 persons in sales and marketing capacities. 

19 

In 2020, we established our Equality, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) Leadership Advisory Group, comprised 
of leaders from across the Company, designed to provide insight on our diversity and inclusion efforts and to assist 
in the integration of the EDI program with our overall strategy and business objectives. We provide training for our 
employees covering harassment, discrimination and unconscious bias.    

We support our employees through a variety of training and development programs. We have a mid-level 
manager  development  program,  in  which  participants  learn  leadership  skills,  network  with  peers  and  senior 
executives, and tackle critical initiatives. We also have a leadership development platform in partnership with a 
third  party,  for  senior  leaders  to  receive  university  grade  certificates  in  business  strategy  and  innovation  and 
complete Food and Beverage Executive courses as well as an electronic learning platform that focuses on business 
acumen, professional development and technical capabilities.  

We provide compensation packages designed to attract and retain talent while maintaining alignment with 
market  compensation  surveys.  We  have  multiple  short-term  incentive  programs  focused  on  incentivizing  and 
retaining talent throughout the organization and provide long-term incentive programs to employees through equity 
and/or performance cash awards. We currently cover the cost of insurance premiums including medical, dental, 
vision,  life,  accidental  death  and  dismemberment,  short  and  long  term  disability,  and  an  Employee  Assistance 
Program  (EAP)  covering  full-time  employees  and  share  in  the  cost  of  insurance  premiums  covering  eligible 
dependents  including  medical,  dental  and  vision  coverage.  We  also  offer  several  voluntary  benefits  to  full-time 
employees,  including  supplemental  life  insurance,  whole  life  insurance,  accident  insurance,  critical  illness 
insurance,  flexible  spending  accounts,  travel  insurance,  pre-paid  legal,  healthy  rewards  programs,  identity  theft 
assistance, and retirement savings account(s). 

Available Information 

As a public company, we are required to file our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 
10-Q,  current  reports  on  Form  8-K,  proxy  statements  on  Schedule  14A  and  other  information  (including  any 
amendments) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).  You can find the Company’s SEC filings 
at the SEC’s website, which contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding 
issuers that file electronically with the SEC, at http://www.sec.gov. 

Our Internet address is www.monsterbevcorp.com.  Information contained on our website is not part of or 
incorporated into this filing or any of our other filings with the SEC. Our SEC filings (including any amendments) 
will  be  made  available  free  of  charge  at  www.monsterbevcorp.com,  as  soon  as  reasonably  practicable  after  we 
electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. In addition, you may request a copy of these filings 
(excluding exhibits) at no cost by writing to, or telephoning us, at the following address or telephone number: 

Monster Beverage Corporation 
1 Monster Way 
Corona, CA 92879 
(951) 739-6200 
(800) 426-7367 

ITEM 1A.        RISK FACTORS 

In  addition  to  the  other  information  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K,  including  Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the consolidated financial statements 
and related notes, you should carefully consider the following risks. If any of the following risks actually occur or 
continue  to  occur,  our  business,  reputation,  financial  condition  and/or  operating  results  could  be  materially 
adversely  affected.  The  risk  factors  summarized  below  are  not  the  only  risks  we  face.  Additional  risks  and 
uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely 
affect our business, reputation, financial condition and/or operating results. 

20 

 
Risk Factors Summary 

The  following  is  a  summary  of  the  principal  risks  that  could  materially  adversely  affect  our  business, 
reputation,  financial  condition  and/or  operating  results.    You  should  read  this  summary  together  with  the  more 
detailed description of each risk contained below. 

Operational and Industry Risks 

  The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and we expect will continue to have, certain impacts on our business 
and operations. Such impacts may have a material adverse or other effect on our business and results of 
operations. 

  The Company and TCCC have extensive commercial arrangements and, as a result, the Company’s future 

performance is substantially dependent on the success of its relationship with TCCC. 

  Provisions in our organizational documents and control by insiders may prevent changes in control even if 

such changes would be beneficial to other stockholders. 

  We rely on bottlers and other contract packers to manufacture our products. If we are unable to maintain 
good relationships with our bottlers and contract packers and/or their ability to manufacture our products 
becomes constrained or unavailable to us, our business could suffer. 

  We  rely  on  bottlers  and  distributors  to  distribute  our  products.  If  we  are  unable  to  maintain  good 
relationships  with  our  existing  bottlers  and  distributors  and/or  secure  such  bottlers  and  distributors,  our 
business could suffer. 

  We derive virtually all of our revenues from energy drinks, and competitive pressure in the energy drink 

category could adversely affect our business and operating results. 

  Criticism of our energy drink products and/or criticism or a negative perception of energy drinks generally, 

could adversely affect us. 
 
Increased competition in the beverage industry and changing retail landscape could hurt our business. 
  Our inability to innovate successfully and to provide new cutting edge products could adversely affect our 

business and financial results. 

  Changes in consumer product and shopping preferences may reduce demand for some of our products. 
  Our continued expansion outside of the United States exposes us to uncertain conditions and other risks in 

 

international markets. 
If  we  are  not  able  to  pass  on  increases  in  the  costs  of  raw  materials,  including  aluminum  cans  and/or 
ingredients and/or fuel and/or costs of co-packing, such inability could harm our business and result in a 
higher cost base. Shortages of raw materials including aluminum cans and/or ingredients and/or fuel and/or 
costs of co-packing could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. 

  Our failure to accurately estimate demand for our products or maintain sufficient inventory levels could 

adversely affect our business and financial results. 

  The costs of packaging supplies are subject to price increases from time to time, and we may be unable to 

pass all or some of such increased costs on to our customers. 

  Global  or  regional  catastrophic  events  could  impact  our  operations  and  affect  our  ability  to  grow  our 

business. 

  Climate change and natural disasters may negatively affect our business. 
 

If we are not able to retain the full-time services of senior management, there may be an adverse effect on 
our operations and/or our operating performance until we find suitable replacements. 

  Negative publicity (whether or not warranted) could damage our brand image and corporate reputation, and 

may cause our business to suffer. 

21 

Government Regulation and Litigation Risks 

  Changes in government regulation, or failure to comply with existing regulations, could adversely affect 

our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

  We  cannot  predict  the  effect  of  possible  inquiries  from  and/or  actions  by  attorneys  general,  other 
government  agencies  and/or  quasi-government  agencies  into  the  production,  advertising,  marketing, 
promotion, labeling, ingredients, usage and/or sale of our energy drink products. 

  Litigation regarding our products, and related unfavorable media attention, could expose us to significant 

 

liabilities and reduce demand for our products, thus negatively affecting our financial results. 
If we encounter material product recalls, our business may suffer material losses and such recalls could 
damage our brand image and corporate reputation, also potentially resulting in material losses. 

Intellectual Property, Information Technology and Data Privacy Risks 

  Our  intellectual  property  rights  are  critical  to  our  success,  and  the  loss  of  such  rights  could  materially 

adversely affect our business. 

  We  must  continually  maintain,  protect  and/or  upgrade  our  information  technology  systems,  including 

 

protecting us from internal and external cybersecurity threats. 
If we fail to comply with data privacy and personal data protection laws, we could be subject to adverse 
publicity,  government  enforcement  actions  and/or  private  litigation,  which  may  negatively  impact  our 
business and operating results. 

Financial Risks 

  Fluctuations in our effective tax rate could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. 

  We may be required in the future to record a significant charge to earnings if our goodwill or intangible 

assets become impaired. 

  Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates may adversely affect our operating results. 

  Potential changes in accounting standards or practices and/or taxation may adversely affect our financial 

results. 

 

If  we  fail  to  maintain  effective  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  on  a  consolidated  basis,  our  stock  price  and  investor  confidence  in  the  Company  could  be 
materially and adversely affected. 

  Uncertainty in the financial markets and other adverse changes in general economic or political conditions 
in any of the major countries in which we do business could adversely affect our industry, business and 
results of operations. 

  Default  by  or  failure  of  one  or  more  of  our  counterparty  financial  institutions  could  cause  us  to  incur 

significant losses. 

  Volatility of stock price may restrict sale opportunities. 

  Our investments are subject to risks which may cause losses and affect the liquidity of these investments. 

Operational and Industry Risks 

The  COVID-19  pandemic  has  had,  and  we  expect  will  continue  to  have,  certain  impacts  on  our  business  and 
operations, and such impacts may have a material adverse or other effect on our business and results of operations. 

The current COVID-19 pandemic has presented and continues to present a substantial public health and 
economic challenge around the world and is affecting our employees, communities and business operations, as well 
as the global economy and financial markets. The human and economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic 
as well as the measures taken or that may be taken in the future by governments, businesses (including the Company 
and our suppliers, bottlers/distributors, co-packers and other service providers) and the public at large to limit the 

22 

COVID-19 pandemic, have and will directly and indirectly impact our business and results of operations, including, 
without limitation, the following: 

  We have experienced decreases in sales of our products in many of our markets around the world that 
have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, predominately during the early part of the 2020 second 
quarter. While some of the restrictions imposed as a result of the initial COVID-19 outbreak have been 
lifted or eased in many jurisdictions as the rates of COVID-19 infections have decreased or stabilized, 
resurgence of the COVID-19 pandemic in some markets has slowed or reversed the reopening process, 
and  markets  are  moving  through  varying  stages  of  restrictions  and  re-opening  at  different  times. 
However, we have recently seen a resurgence of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Northern Hemisphere 
while cases in the Southern Hemisphere continue to rise. As a result, a number of countries, particularly 
in  EMEA,  have  reinstituted  lockdowns  and  other  restrictions,  which  could  further  impact  customer 
demand. If the COVID-19 pandemic and related unfavorable economic conditions continue to intensify, 
the negative impact on our sales, including our new product innovation launches, could be prolonged 
and may become more severe.  

  Deteriorating economic conditions and continued financial uncertainties in many of our major markets 
due  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  such  as  increased  and  prolonged  unemployment,  decreases  in  per 
capita  income  and  the  level  of  disposable  income,  declines  in  consumer  confidence,  or  economic 
slowdowns or recessions, could affect consumer purchasing power and consumers’ ability to purchase 
our products, thereby reducing demand for our products. In addition, public concern among consumers 
regarding the risk of contracting COVID-19 may also reduce demand for our products.  

  The closures of, and continued restrictions on, on-premise retailers and other establishments that sell 
our  products  as  a  result  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic  have  adversely  impacted  and  may  continue  to 
adversely impact our sales and results of operations. 

  Our advertising, marketing, promotional, sponsorship and endorsement activities have been, and will 
continue to be, disrupted by reduced opportunities for such activities due to measures taken to limit the 
spread  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic  and  the  cancellations  of  or  reduced  capacity  at  sporting  events, 
concerts  and  other  events  may  result  in  decreased  demand  for  our  products.    Our  product  sampling 
programs, which are part of our strategy to develop brand awareness, have been, and will continue to 
be,  disrupted  by  the  COVID-19  pandemic.  If  we  are  unable  to  successfully  adapt  to  the  changing 
landscape of advertising, marketing, promotional, sponsorship and endorsement opportunities created 
by the COVID-19 pandemic, our sales, market share, volume growth and overall financial results could 
be negatively affected.  

  Our innovation activities, including our ability to introduce new products in certain markets, have been 
delayed  and/or  adversely  impacted  by  the  COVID-19  pandemic.  If  such  innovation  activities  are 
disrupted and we continue to delay the launch of new products and/or we are unable to secure sufficient 
distribution levels for such new products, our business  and results of operations could be adversely 
affected. 

  Some of our suppliers, bottlers/distributors and co-packers may experience plant closures, production 
slowdowns and disruptions in operations as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This 
could result in a disruption to our operations. 

  We  may  experience  delays  in  receiving  certain  raw  materials  as  a  result  of  shipping  delays  due  to, 
among  other  things,  additional  safety  requirements  imposed  by  port  authorities,  closures  of,  or 
congestion at ports, reduced availability of commercial transportation, border restrictions and capacity 
constraints. 

  Due to increased demand in at home beverage consumption, aluminum cans remain in tight supply, 

which could adversely impact or limit our sales and/or results of operations.    

23 

  We  rely  on  relationships  with  third  parties  for  cloud  data  storage  and  other  information  technology 
services for certain functions or for services in support of our operations. These third parties are subject 
to risks and uncertainties related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which may interfere with their ability to 
fulfill their respective commitments and responsibilities to us in a timely manner and in accordance 
with the agreed-upon terms. 

  As  a  result  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  including  related  governmental  measures,  restrictions, 
directives and guidance, we have required most of our office-based employees to work remotely. We 
may experience reductions in productivity and disruptions to our business routines while our remote 
work policy remains in place. If our employees working remotely do not maintain appropriate measures 
to  mitigate  potential  risks  to  our  technology  and  operations  from  information  technology-related 
disruptions, we may face cybersecurity threats. Employees of our third-party service providers who are 
working remotely, with whom we may share data, are subject to similar cybersecurity risks. 

  Governmental  authorities  at  the  U.S.  federal,  state  and/or  municipal  level  and  in  certain  foreign 
jurisdictions  may  increase  or  impose  new  income  taxes,  indirect  taxes  or  other  taxes  or  revise 
interpretations of existing tax rules and regulations as a means of financing the costs of stimulus or may 
take other measures to protect populations and economies from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. 
Increases in direct and indirect tax rates could affect our net income, and increases in consumer taxes 
could affect our products’ affordability and reduce our sales. 

  We may be required to record significant impairment charges with respect to goodwill or intangible 

assets whose fair values may be negatively affected by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. 

  The continued financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic may cause one or more of the financial 
institutions we do business with to fail or default in their obligations to us or to become insolvent or 
file for bankruptcy, which could cause us to incur significant losses and negatively impact our results 
of operations and financial condition. 

  Actions we have taken or may take, or decisions we have made or may make, as a consequence of the 
COVID-19 pandemic may result in negative publicity and the Company becoming a party to litigation 
claims and/or legal proceedings, which could consume significant financial and managerial resources, 
result in decreased demand for our products and injury to our reputation. 

  The resumption of normal business operations after the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic 
may  be  delayed  or  constrained  by  the  COVID-19  pandemic’s  lingering  effects  on  our  suppliers, 
bottlers/distributors, co-packers, contractors, business partners and/or other service providers. 

Any  of  the  negative  impacts  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  including  those  described  above,  alone  or  in 
combination with others, may have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, operating results and/or 
financial condition. Any of these negative impacts, alone or in combination with others, could exacerbate many of 
the risk factors discussed herein, any of which could materially affect our business, reputation, operating results 
and/or financial condition. 

The  Company  and  TCCC  have  extensive  commercial  arrangements  and,  as  a  result,  the  Company’s  future 
performance is substantially dependent on the success of its relationship with TCCC. 

We have transitioned all third parties’ rights to distribute the Company’s products in the U.S. to members 
of TCCC’s distribution network, which largely consists of independent bottlers/distributors. In addition, except for 
a  handful  of  countries,  TCCC  is  our  preferred  distribution  partner  globally,  with  members  of  TCCC’s  network 
distributing our products internationally, including in Africa, Asia, Canada, Central and South America, Europe, 
Mexico and the Middle East. As we progress our international expansion, we expect TCCC’s distribution network 
to continue as our preferred distribution partner globally. As a result, we have reduced our distributor diversification 
and are now dependent on TCCC’s domestic and international distribution platforms. 

24 

TCCC has a substantial equity investment in the Company. The Company, TCCC and certain affiliates are 
parties to various agreements in which TCCC and certain affiliates have agreed, subject to certain exceptions, not 
to compete in the energy drink category in certain territories prior to the termination of the applicable distribution 
coordination agreement with TCCC. The Company’s distribution agreements with TCCC distributors also provide, 
subject to certain exceptions, that the applicable distributor will not distribute competitive energy drink products. 

While we believe that these agreements incentivize TCCC to take steps to ensure that our products receive 
the appropriate attention in the TCCC distribution system, disagreements as to the interpretation of the provisions 
in such agreements have arisen and may arise in the future.   In addition, TCCC does not control all members of its 
distribution system, many of which are independent companies that make their own business decisions that may 
not always align with TCCC’s interests. 

Provisions in our organizational documents and control by insiders may prevent changes in control even if such 
changes would be beneficial to other stockholders. 

Our organizational documents may limit changes in control. Furthermore, as of February 19, 2021, Mr. 
Sacks  and  Mr.  Schlosberg  together  may  be  deemed  to  beneficially  own  and/or  exercise  voting  control  over 
approximately 10% of our outstanding common stock. As of February 19, 2021, TCCC owned approximately 19% 
of our common stock. TCCC has also nominated one director to the Company’s board of directors. Consequently, 
Mr. Sacks, Mr. Schlosberg and TCCC could exercise significant control over matters submitted to a vote of our 
stockholders,  including  electing  directors,  amending  organizational  documents  and  disapproving  extraordinary 
transactions  such  as  a  takeover  attempt,  even  though  such  actions  may  be  favorable  to  the  other  common 
stockholders. 

In particular, TCCC’s ownership could have an effect on the Company’s ability to engage in a change in 
control transaction. TCCC is obligated for a period of time to vote all of its common shares of the Company in 
excess of 20% of the outstanding common shares in the same proportion as all common shares not owned by TCCC 
with respect to a proposal for a change of control. However, if TCCC were to oppose such a change-in-control 
transaction, a bidder would be required to secure the support of holders of 62.5% of the Company’s common shares 
not owned by TCCC (assuming that TCCC increased its ownership to 20% of the Company’s common shares) to 
achieve a vote of a majority of the Company’s outstanding shares for a change-in-control transaction. In addition, 
TCCC would have a bidding advantage if the Company’s board of directors were to seek to sell the Company in 
the future because TCCC would not need to pay a control premium on the shares it owns at such time. TCCC and 
the Company would also be permitted to terminate TCCC’s distribution coordination agreements with the Company 
after a change in control of the Company. In such event, TCCC would receive a termination fee if TCCC terminated 
the distribution coordination agreements following a change in control of the Company involving certain TCCC 
competitors, or if the Company terminated following a change in control of the Company involving any third-party. 

The  interests  of  TCCC  may  be  different  from  or  conflict  with  the  interests  of  the  Company’s  other 
stockholders  and,  as  a  result,  TCCC’s  influence  may  result  in  the  delay  or  prevention  of  potential  actions  or 
transactions. Moreover, TCCC’s ownership of a significant amount of the Company’s outstanding common shares 
could result in downward pressure on the trading price of the Company’s common shares if TCCC were to sell a 
large portion of its shares or as a result of the perception that such a sale might occur. 

We rely on bottlers and other contract packers to manufacture our products. If we are unable to maintain good 
relationships  with  our  bottlers  and  contract  packers  and/or  their  ability  to  manufacture  our  products  becomes 
constrained or unavailable to us, our business could suffer. 

Our acquisition of AFF in 2016 brought our primary flavor supplier in-house for the majority of our Monster 
Energy® brand energy drinks. However, we also procure flavors from other independent flavor suppliers. We do 
not operate our own manufacturing facilities for finished goods, but instead outsource manufacturing of our finished 
goods to bottlers and other contract packers. As a result, in the event of a disruption and/or delay, we may be unable 
to  procure  alternative  packing  facilities  at  commercially  reasonable  rates  and/or  within  a  reasonably  short  time 
period. In addition, there are limited alternative packing facilities in our domestic and international markets with 

25 

adequate capacity and/or suitable equipment for many of our products. For example, in recent years, sales of our 
Java Monster® and Muscle Monster® product lines were adversely impacted by production capacity constraints 
resulting from production and maintenance issues with certain of our co-packers. While this disruption in production 
did not significantly affect our revenues, a lengthy disruption or delay in the production of any of our products could 
significantly  adversely  affect  our  revenues  from  such  products,  because  alternative  co-packing  facilities  in  the 
United  States  and  abroad  with  adequate  long-term  capacity  may  not  be  available  for  such  products  either  at 
commercially  reasonable  rates  and/or  costs  and/or  within  a  reasonably  short  time  period,  if  at  all.  In  addition, 
recently there has been a consolidation of co-packers.  If we are unable to maintain good relationships with our 
largest co-packers, or if our costs of co-packing increase, our business, financial condition and results of operations 
could be adversely affected. 

We rely on bottlers and distributors to distribute our products. If we are unable to maintain good relationships with 
our existing bottlers and distributors and/or secure such bottlers and distributors, our business could suffer. 

Many of our bottlers/distributors are affiliated with and manufacture and/or distribute other carbonated, 
non-carbonated  and  other  beverage  products  (both  alcoholic  and  non-alcoholic).  In  many  cases,  such  products 
compete directly with our products. 

Unilateral  decisions  by  bottlers/distributors,  buying  groups,  convenience  chains,  grocery  chains,  mass 
merchandisers, specialty chain stores, club stores, e-commerce retailers, e-commerce websites and other customers 
to discontinue carrying all or any of our products that they are carrying at any time, restrict the range of our products 
they carry, impose restrictions or limitations on the sale of our products and/or devote less resources to the sale of 
our  products  could  cause  our  business  to  suffer.    In  addition,  possible  trading  disputes  between  our 
bottler/distributors and their customers or buying groups may result in the delisting of certain of the Company’s 
products, temporarily or otherwise.  Bottler/distributor consolidation may also have an impact on our business. 

The  TCCC  North  American  Bottlers,  Coca-Cola  European  Partners,  Coca-Cola  Hellenic,  Coca-Cola 
FEMSA, Coca-Cola Amatil, Swire Coca-Cola (China), COFCO Coca-Cola, Coca-Cola Beverages Africa and Coca-
Cola İçecek are our primary domestic and international distributors of our products. As a result, if we are unable to 
maintain good relationships with these distributors, or they do not effectively focus on marketing, promoting, selling 
and  distributing  our  products,  sales  of  our  products  could  be  adversely  affected.  As  TCCC  markets  Coca-Cola 
Energy in additional territories, we may encounter difficulties in maintaining distributor attention, market share or 
position in the energy drink category in such territories, and bottlers/distributors may reduce the number of our 
SKUs they carry or impose limitations on distributing new product SKUs, which could adversely affect our business 
and operating results. 

A decision by our primary domestic and international distributors or any other large customer to decrease 
the amount purchased from us or to cease carrying our products could have a material adverse effect on our financial 
condition and consolidated results of operations. 

The  marketing  efforts  of  our  distributors  are  important  for  our  success.  If  our  brands  prove  to  be  less 
attractive to our existing bottlers and distributors, if we fail to attract additional bottlers and distributors, and/or our 
bottlers/distributors do not market, promote and distribute our products effectively, our business, financial condition 
and results of operations could be adversely affected. 

Disruption in distribution channels and/or a decline in sales due to the termination and/or insolvency of 

existing or new bottlers/distributors may adversely affect our business and operating results. 

We derive virtually all of our revenues from energy drinks, and competitive pressure in the energy drink category 
could adversely affect our business and operating results. 

Our focus is in the energy drink category, and our business is vulnerable to adverse changes impacting the 
energy drink category and business, which could adversely impact our business and the trading price of our common 
stock. 

26 

Virtually all of our sales are derived from our energy drinks, including our Monster Energy® brand energy 
drinks, our Reign Total Body Fuel® energy drinks and our Strategic Brands energy drinks (including our affordable 
brand energy drinks, principally Predator®). Any decrease in the sales of our Monster Energy® brand and other 
energy  drinks  could  significantly  adversely  affect  our  future  revenues  and  net  income.  Historically,  we  have 
experienced substantial competition from new entrants in the energy drink category as well as from the energy shot 
category.  For a discussion of such competition, see “Part I, Item 1 – Business – Competition.”  

The increasing number of competitive products and limited amount of shelf space, including in beverage 
coolers, in retail stores may adversely impact our ability to gain or maintain our share of sales in the marketplace. 
In addition, certain actions of our competitors, including unsubstantiated and/or misleading claims, false advertising 
claims and tortious interference in our business, as well as competitors selling misbranded products, could impact 
our sales. Competitive pressures in the energy drink category could impact our revenues, cause price erosion and/or 
lower market share, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. 

Criticism of our energy drink products and/or criticism or a negative perception of energy drinks generally, could 
adversely affect us. 

An unfavorable report on the health effects of caffeine, other ingredients in energy drinks or energy drinks 
generally,  or  criticism  or  negative  publicity  regarding  the  caffeine  content  and/or  any  other  ingredients  in  our 
products  or  energy  drinks  generally,  including  product  safety  concerns,  could  have  an  adverse  effect  on  our 
business,  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations.  Articles  critical  of  the  caffeine  content  and/or  other 
ingredients in energy drinks and/or articles indicating certain health risks of energy drinks have been published in 
recent  years.  We  believe  the  overall  growth  of  the  energy  drink  market  in  the  U.S.  may  have  been  negatively 
impacted by the ongoing negative publicity and comments that continue to appear in the media questioning the 
safety  of  energy  drinks,  and  suggesting  limitations  on  their  ingredients  (including  caffeine),  and/or  the  levels 
thereof,  and/or  imposing  minimum  age  restrictions  for  consumers.  In  early  2018,  certain  retailers  in  the  United 
Kingdom  announced  the  introduction  of  voluntary  retailer  measures  to  prevent  the  sale  of  energy  drinks  to 
individuals under the age of 16. If reports, studies or articles critical of caffeine and/or energy drinks continue to be 
published or are published in the future, or additional voluntary measures are taken, they could adversely affect the 
demand for our products. Our ability to satisfy all criteria set forth in any model energy drink guidelines, including, 
without limitation, those adopted by the American Beverage Association, of which we are a member, and/or any 
international beverage associations and the impact of our failure to satisfy such guidelines on our business, financial 
condition and results of operations. 

Increased competition in the beverage industry and changing retail landscape could hurt our business. 

The beverage industry is highly competitive. The principal areas  of competition are pricing, packaging, 
development  of  new  products,  flavors,  product  positioning  as  well  as  promotion  and  marketing  strategies.  Our 
products compete with a wide range of drinks produced by a relatively large number of manufacturers, some of 
which have substantially greater financial, marketing and distribution resources than we do. 

Important factors affecting our ability to compete successfully include the efficacy, taste and flavor of our 
products,  trade  and  consumer  promotions,  rapid  and  effective  development  of  new  and  unique  cutting  edge 
products, attractive and different packaging, branded product advertising and pricing. The success of our sports 
marketing, social media and other general marketing endeavors may impact our business, financial condition and 
results of operation.  Our products compete with all liquid refreshments and in some cases with products of much 
larger  and  substantially  better  financed  competitors,  including  the  products  of  numerous  nationally  and 
internationally  known  producers  such  as  TCCC,  PepsiCo,  Red  Bull  GmbH  and  KDP.  We  also  compete  with 
companies that are smaller or primarily national or local in operations. Our products also compete with private-
label brands such as those carried by grocery store chains, convenience store chains and club stores. 

The  rapid  growth  in  sales  through  e-commerce  retailers,  e-commerce  websites,  mobile  commerce 
applications and subscription services, and closures of physical retail operations, particularly during, and potentially 
following, the COVID-19 pandemic, may result in a shift away from physical retail operations to digital channels 

27 

and a reduction in impulse purchases. As we build our e-commerce capabilities, we may not be able to develop and 
maintain successful relationships with existing and new e-commerce retailers without experiencing a deterioration 
of our relationships with key customers operating physical retail channels. If we are unable to profitably expand 
our own e-commerce capabilities and/or if e-commerce retailers take significant market share away from traditional 
retailers our business may be adversely affected. Further, the ability of consumers to compare prices on a real-time 
basis using digital technology puts additional pressure on us to maintain competitive prices.  Sales in gas chains 
may  also  be  affected  by  improvements  in  fuel  efficiency  and  increased  consumer  preferences  for  electric  or 
alternative fuel-powered vehicles, which may result in fewer trips by consumers to gas stations and a corresponding 
reduction  in purchases  by  consumers  in  convenience  gas  retailers.  If  we  are  unable  to  successfully  adapt  to  the 
rapidly changing retail landscape, our share of sales, volume growth and overall financial results could be negatively 
affected. 

Due to competition in the beverage industry, there can be no assurance that we will not encounter difficulties 
in maintaining our current revenues, market share or position in the beverage industry. If our revenues decline, our 
business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. 

Our inability to innovate successfully and to provide new cutting edge products could adversely affect our business 
and financial results. 

Our  ability  to  compete  in  the  highly  competitive  beverage  industry  and  to  achieve  our  business  growth 
objectives  depends,  in  part,  on  our  ability  to  develop  new  flavors,  products  and  packaging.  The  success  of  our 
innovation, in turn, depends on our ability to identify consumer trends and cater to consumer preferences. If we are 
not  successful  in  our  innovation  activities,  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of  operation  could  be 
adversely affected. 

Changes in consumer product and shopping preferences may reduce demand for some of our products. 

The beverage industry is subject to changing consumer preferences and shifts in consumer preferences may 
adversely affect us. There is increasing awareness of and concern for health, wellness and nutrition considerations, 
including  concerns  regarding  caloric  intake  associated  with  sugar-sweetened  beverages  and  the  perceived 
undesirability  of  artificial  ingredients.  Some  consumer  advocacy  groups  and  others  have  expressed  concerns 
regarding  certain  ingredients  in  diet  sodas,  which  are  contained  in  certain  of our  energy  drinks.   There are  also 
changes in demand for different packages, sizes and configurations.  This may reduce demand for our beverages, 
which could reduce our revenues and adversely affect our results of operations. 

Consumers are seeking greater variety in their beverages. Our future success will depend, in part, upon our 
continued ability to develop and introduce different and innovative beverages that appeal to consumers. In order to 
retain and expand our market share, we must continue to develop and introduce different and innovative beverages 
and be competitive in the areas of efficacy, taste, quality and price, although there can be no assurance of our ability 
to  do  so.  There  is  no  assurance  that  consumers  will  continue  to  purchase  our  products  in  the  future.  Product 
lifecycles for some beverage brands, products and/or packages may be limited to a few years before consumers’ 
preferences change. The beverages we currently market are in varying stages of their product lifecycles, and there 
can be no assurance that such beverages will become or remain profitable for us. We may be unable to achieve 
volume  growth  through  product  and  packaging  initiatives.  We  may  also  be  unable  to  penetrate  new  markets. 
Additionally, as shopping patterns are being affected by the digital evolution, with customers embracing shopping 
by way of mobile device applications, e-commerce retailers and e-commerce websites or platforms, we  may be 
unable to address or anticipate changes in consumer shopping preferences or engage with our customers on their 
preferred platforms. If our revenues decline, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be 
adversely affected. 

Our  continued  expansion  outside  of  the  United  States  exposes  us  to  uncertain  conditions  and  other  risks  in 
international markets. 

We have continued expanding our operations internationally into a variety of new markets. Our net sales to 
customers outside of the United States were approximately 33%, 32% and 29% of consolidated net sales for the 

28 

years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. As our growth strategy includes further expanding 
our international business, if we are unable to continue to expand distribution of our products outside the United 
States,  our  growth  rate  could  be  adversely  affected.  In  many  international  markets,  we  have  limited  operating 
experience and in some international markets we have no operating experience. It is costly to establish, develop and 
maintain  international  operations  and  develop  and  promote  our  brands  in  international  markets.  Our  percentage 
gross profit margins in many international markets are expected to be less than the comparable percentage gross 
profit margins obtained in the United States. We face and will continue to face substantial risks associated with 
having foreign operations, including: economic and/or political instability in our international markets; fluctuations 
in foreign currency exchange rates; restrictions on or costs relating to the repatriation of foreign profits to the United 
States,  including  possible  taxes  and/or  withholding  obligations  on  any  repatriations;  and  tariffs  and/or  trade 
restrictions. These risks could have a significant impact on our ability to sell our products on a competitive basis in 
international markets and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of 
operations. Also, our operations outside of the United States are subject to risks relating to appropriate compliance 
with legal and regulatory requirements in local jurisdictions, potential difficulties in staffing and managing local 
operations,  higher  product  damages,  particularly  when  products  are  shipped  long  distances,  potentially  higher 
incidence  of  fraud  and/or  corruption,  credit  risk  of  local  customers  and  distributors  and  potentially  adverse  tax 
consequences. 

If we are not able to pass on increases in the costs of raw materials, including aluminum cans and/or ingredients 
and/or fuel and/or costs of co-packing, such inability could harm our business and result in a higher cost base. 
Shortages  of raw  materials  including aluminum  cans  and/or  ingredients  and/or  fuel  and/or  costs  of  co-packing 
could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. 

The  principal  raw  materials  used  by  us  are  aluminum  cans,  sleek  aluminum  cans,  aluminum  cap  cans, 
aluminum  cans  with  re-sealable  ends,  PET  plastic  bottles,  caps,  flavors,  juice  concentrates,  glucose,  sugar, 
sucralose, milk, cream, protein, coffee, tea, cocoa, supplement ingredients and other packaging materials, the costs 
and availability of which are subject to fluctuations. For certain flavors purchased from third-party suppliers and 
used in a limited number of our Monster Energy® brand energy drinks and/or our Strategic Brands energy drinks, 
these  third-party  flavor  suppliers  own  the  proprietary  rights  to  certain  of  their flavor  formulas.  We  do  not  have 
possession of the list of such flavor ingredients or formulas used in the production of certain of our products and 
certain  of  our  blended  concentrates,  and  we  may  be  unable  to  obtain  comparable  flavors  or  concentrates  from 
alternative suppliers on short notice. Our third-party flavor suppliers generally do not make such flavors and/or 
blended concentrates available to other third-party customers. We have identified alternative suppliers for certain 
of the ingredients contained in many of our beverages. However, industry-wide shortages of certain flavors, fruits 
and  fruit  juices,  coffee,  tea,  cocoa,  dairy-based  products,  packaging  materials  (including  aluminum  cans) 
supplement ingredients and sweeteners have been, and could from time to time in the future be, encountered, which 
could  interfere  with  and/or  delay  production  of  certain  of  our  products.  In  addition,  certain  of  our  co-packing 
arrangements  allow  such  co-packers  to  increase  their  fees  based  on  certain  of  their  own  cost  increases.  We  are 
uncertain whether the prices of any of the above or any other raw materials or ingredients, certain of which have 
recently risen, will continue to rise or may rise in the future. We are unsure whether we will be able to pass any of 
such increases on to our customers. Although we generally do not use hedging agreements or alternative instruments 
to manage the risks associated with securing sufficient ingredients or raw materials, from time to time, we, through 
our aluminum can suppliers, enter into purchase agreements for the purchase of aluminum, as well as enter into 
purchase agreements for portions of our annual anticipated requirements for certain of our other raw materials such 
as glucose, sugar and sucralose. In 2018, the United States imposed tariffs on steel and aluminum as well as on 
goods imported from China and certain other countries.  Additional tariffs imposed by the United States on a broader 
range of imports, or further trade measures taken by China or other countries, could result in an increase in supply 
chain costs. 

Our failure to accurately estimate demand for our products or maintain sufficient inventory levels could adversely 
affect our business and financial results. 

We  may  not  correctly  estimate  demand  for  our  existing  products  and/or  new  products.  Our  ability  to 
estimate demand for our products is imprecise, particularly with regard to new products, and may be less precise 

29 

during periods of rapid growth, including in new markets. If we materially underestimate demand for our products 
or  are  unable  to  secure  sufficient  ingredients  or  raw  materials  including,  but  not  limited  to,  aluminum  cans, 
aluminum cap cans, sleek aluminum cans, aluminum cans with re-sealable ends, PET plastic bottles, caps, labels, 
sucralose, flavors, supplement ingredients, juice concentrates, certain sweeteners, coffee, tea, cocoa, protein and 
packaging materials or experience difficulties with our co-packing arrangements, including production shortages or 
quality issues, we might not be able to satisfy demand on a short-term basis. Moreover, industry-wide shortages of 
certain juice concentrates, supplement ingredients and sweeteners have been and could, from time to time in the 
future,  be  experienced,  resulting  in  production  fluctuations  and/or  product  shortages.  We  generally  do  not  use 
hedging agreements or alternative instruments to manage this risk. Such shortages could interfere with and/or delay 
production of certain of our products and could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results. 

If we do not accurately anticipate the future demand for a particular product or the time it will take to obtain 
new inventory, our inventory levels may be inadequate and our results of operations may be negatively impacted. 
If  we  fail  to  meet  our  shipping  schedules,  we  could  damage  our  relationships  with  distributors  and/or  retailers, 
increase our distribution costs and/or cause sales opportunities to be delayed or lost. In order to be able to deliver 
our  products  on  a  timely  basis,  we  need  to  maintain  adequate  inventory  levels  of  the  desired  products.  If  the 
inventory of our products held by our distributors and/or retailers is too high, they will not place orders for additional 
products, which could unfavorably impact our future sales and adversely affect our operating results. 

The costs of packaging supplies are subject to price increases from time to time, and we may be unable to pass all 
or some of such increased costs on to our customers. 

Many of our packaging supply contracts allow our suppliers to alter the costs they charge us for packaging 
supplies based on changes in the costs of the underlying commodities that are used to produce those packaging 
supplies, such as aluminum for cans, PET plastic for bottles and pulp and paper for cartons and/or trays. These 
changes in the prices we pay for our packaging supplies occur at certain predetermined times that vary by product 
and supplier. In some cases, we are able to fix the prices of certain packaging supplies and/or commodities for a 
reasonable period. In other cases, we bear the risk of increases in the costs of these packaging supplies, including 
the  underlying  costs  of  the  commodities  that  comprise  these  packaging  supplies.  We  do  not  use  derivative 
instruments to manage this risk. If the costs of these packaging supplies increase, we may be unable to pass these 
costs  along  to  our  customers  through  corresponding  adjustments  to  the  prices  we  charge,  which  could  have  a 
material adverse effect on our results of operations. 

Global or regional catastrophic events could impact our operations and affect our ability to grow our business. 

Because of our increasingly global presence, our business could be affected by unstable political conditions, 
civil unrest, protests and demonstrations, large-scale terrorist acts, especially those directed against the United States 
or  other  major  industrialized  countries  where  our  products  are  distributed,  the  outbreak  or  escalation  of  armed 
hostilities,  major  natural  disasters  and  extreme  weather  conditions,  such  as  hurricanes,  wildfires,  tornados, 
earthquakes or floods, or widespread outbreaks of infectious diseases (such as the COVID-19 pandemic).  Such 
catastrophic events could impact our operations and our supply chain, including the production and/or distribution 
of our products.  Materials and/or personnel may need to mobilize to other locations. Our headquarters and a large 
part of our operations are located in California, a state at greater risk of earthquakes and wildfires.  Some of the raw 
materials we use, including certain sizes of cans, are available from limited suppliers, and a regional catastrophic 
event impacting such suppliers could adversely impact our operations.  In addition, such events could disrupt global 
or regional economic activity, which could affect consumer purchasing power and consumers’ ability to purchase 
our products, thereby reducing demand for our products. If our operations are disrupted or we are unable to grow 
our business as a result of these factors, our growth rate could decline and our business, financial condition and 
results of operations could be adversely affected. 

Climate change and natural disasters may affect our business. 

There is concern that a gradual increase in global average temperatures due to increased carbon dioxide and 
other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere could cause significant changes in weather patterns around the globe and 

30 

an increase in the frequency and severity of natural disasters. Changing weather patterns could result in decreased 
agricultural productivity in certain regions, and/or outbreaks of diseases or other health issues, which may limit 
availability and/or increase the cost of certain key ingredients, juice concentrates, supplements and other ingredients 
used in our products and could impact the food security of communities around the world. Increased frequency or 
duration of extreme weather conditions could also impair production capabilities, disrupt our supply chain and/or 
impact demand for our products. 

Natural disasters and extreme weather conditions, such as hurricanes, wildfires, earthquakes or floods, and 
outbreaks of diseases (such as the COVID-19 pandemic) or other health issues may affect our operations and the 
operation  of  our  supply  chain,  impact  the  operations  of  our  bottlers/distributors  and  unfavorably  impact  our 
consumers’ ability to purchase our products. The predicted effects of climate change may also result in challenges 
regarding availability and quality of water, or less favorable pricing for water, which could adversely impact our 
business and results of operations. In addition, public expectations for reductions in greenhouse gas emissions could 
result in increased energy, transportation and raw material costs, and may require us to make additional investments 
in facilities and equipment. Changes in applicable laws, regulations, standards or practices related to greenhouse 
gas emissions, packaging and water scarcity, as well as initiatives by advocacy groups in favor of certain climate 
change-related  laws,  regulations,  standards  or  practices,  may  result  in  increased  compliance  costs,  capital 
expenditures  and  other  financial  obligations,  which  could  affect  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations.  Sales of our products may also be influenced to some extent by weather conditions in the markets in 
which we operate. We, our bottlers and our contract packers, use a number of key ingredients in the manufacture 
of  our  beverage  products  that  are  derived  from  agricultural  commodities  such  as  sugar,  coffee,  tea  and  cocoa. 
Increased demand for food products and decreased agricultural productivity in certain regions of the world as a 
result  of  changing  weather  patterns  and  other  factors  may  limit  the  availability  or  increase  the  cost  of  such 
agricultural commodities and could impact the food security of communities around the world.  Weather conditions 
may influence consumer demand for certain of our beverages, which could have an effect on our operations, either 
positively or negatively. 

If we are not able to retain the full-time services of senior management, there may be an adverse effect on our 
operations and/or our operating performance until we find suitable replacements. 

Our  business  is  dependent,  to  a  large  extent,  upon  the  services  of  our  senior  management.  We  do  not 
maintain key person life insurance on any members of our senior management. The loss of services of either Rodney 
Sacks,  Chairman  and  Co-Chief  Executive  Officer,  Hilton  Schlosberg,  Vice  Chairman,  and  Co-Chief  Executive 
Officer, or  any other key members  of our  senior management  could adversely  affect our business until  suitable 
replacements can be found. There may be a limited number of personnel with the requisite skills to serve in these 
positions, and we may be unable to locate or employ such qualified personnel on acceptable terms. 

Negative publicity (whether or not warranted) could damage our brand image and corporate reputation, and may 
cause our business to suffer. 

Our success depends on our ability to build and maintain the brand image for our existing products, new 
products and brand extensions and maintain our corporate reputation. There can be no assurance that our advertising, 
marketing  and  promotional  programs  and  our  commitment  to  product  safety  and  quality,  human  rights  and 
environmental  sustainability  will  have  the  desired  impact  on  our  products’  brand  image  and  on  consumer 
preferences and demand. Claims regarding product safety, quality and/or ingredient content issues, efficacy or lack 
thereof (real or imagined), our culture and our workforce, our environmental impact and the sustainability of our 
operations,  or  allegations  of  product  contamination,  even  if  false  or  unfounded,  could  tarnish  the  image  of  our 
brands  and  may  cause  consumers to  choose  other  products.  Consumer  demand  for  our products  could diminish 
significantly if we, our employees, bottlers/distributors, suppliers or business partners fail to preserve the quality of 
our products, act or are perceived to act in an unethical, illegal, discriminatory, unequal or socially irresponsible 
manner,  including  with  respect  to  the  sourcing,  content  or  sale  of  our  products,  service  and  treatment  of  our 
customers,  or  the  use  of  customer  data.    Furthermore,  our  brand  image  or  perceived  product  quality  could  be 
adversely affected by litigation, unfavorable reports  in the media  (internet or elsewhere), studies in general and 
regulatory or other governmental inquiries (in each case whether involving our products or those of our competitors) 

31 

and  proposed  or  new  legislation  affecting  our  industry.    Negative  postings  or  comments  on  social  media  or 
networking websites about the Company or any one of our brands, even if inaccurate or malicious, could generate 
adverse publicity that could damage the reputation of our brands or the Company.  Business incidents, whether 
isolated or recurring and whether originating from us, our bottlers/distributors, suppliers or business partners, that 
erode consumer trust can significantly reduce brand value or potentially trigger boycotts of our products and can 
have a negative impact on consumer demand for our products as well as our reputation and financial results.  The 
impact of such incidents may be exacerbated if they receive considerable publicity, including rapidly through social 
or digital media (including for malicious reasons) or result in litigation. 

In  addition,  from  time  to  time,  there  are  public  policy  endeavors  that  are  either  directly  related  to  our 
products and packaging or to our business. These public policy debates can occasionally be the subject of backlash 
from advocacy groups that have a differing point of view and could result in adverse media and consumer reaction, 
including product boycotts. Similarly, our sponsorship relationships could subject us to negative publicity as a result 
of  actual  or  alleged  misconduct  by  individuals  or  entities  associated  with  organizations  we  sponsor  or  support.  
Likewise,  campaigns  by  activists  connecting  us,  or  our  supply  chain,  with  human  and  workplace  rights, 
environmental or animal rights issues could adversely impact our corporate image and reputation. We have made a 
number of commitments to respect human rights, including the policies and initiatives described in our California 
Transparency in Supply Chains Act & United Kingdom Modern Slavery Act statement. Allegations, even if untrue, 
that we are not respecting the human rights found in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights; 
actual or perceived failure by our suppliers or other business partners to comply with applicable labor and workplace 
rights laws, including child labor laws, or their actual or perceived abuse or misuse of migrant workers; adverse 
publicity surrounding obesity and health concerns related to our products, water usage, our environmental impact 
and the sustainability of our operations, labor relations, our culture and our workforce or the like could negatively 
affect  our  Company’s  overall  reputation  and  brand  image,  which  in  turn  could  have  a  negative  impact  on  our 
products’ acceptance by consumers. 

Government Regulation and Litigation Risks 

Changes  in  government  regulation,  or  failure  to  comply  with  existing  regulations,  could  adversely  affect  our 
business, financial condition and results of operations. 

Legislation has been proposed and/or adopted at the U.S. federal, state and/or municipal level and proposed 
and/or adopted in certain foreign jurisdictions to restrict the sale of energy drinks (including, prohibiting the sale of 
energy drinks at certain establishments or pursuant to certain governmental programs), limit the content of caffeine 
and  other  ingredients  in  beverages,  require  certain  product  labeling  disclosures  and/or  warnings,  impose  excise 
taxes, limit product size or impose age restrictions for the sale of energy drinks. For a discussion of certain of such 
legislation, see “Part I, Item 1 – Business – Government Regulation.” Furthermore, additional legislation may be 
introduced in the United States and other countries at the federal, state, local, municipal and supranational level in 
respect of each of the foregoing subject areas.  For instance, on January 1, 2020, a reform to a Mexican excise tax 
went into effect that expanded the definition of an “energy drink” subject to this tax to include products with any 
amount of caffeine (the prior version of the tax required a threshold of 20 milligrams of caffeine per 100 millimeters 
for the tax to be applicable) and “taurine or glucuronolactone or thiamine and/or any other substance that produces 
similar  stimulating  effects.”  Public  health  officials  and  health  advocates  are  increasingly  focused  on  the  public 
health consequences associated with obesity, especially as it affects children, and are seeking legislative change to 
reduce  the  consumption  of  sweetened  beverages.    There  also  has  been  increased  focus  on  caffeine  content  in 
beverages, and we are seeing some attention to other ingredients in energy drinks. To the extent any such legislation 
is enacted in one or more jurisdictions where a significant amount of our products are sold, individually or in the 
aggregate, it could result in a reduction in demand for, or availability of, our energy drinks, and adversely affect our 
business, financial condition and results of operations. 

The production, distribution and sale in the United States of many of our products are also currently subject 
to various federal and state regulations, including, but not limited to: the FD&C Act; the Occupational Safety and 
Health Act; various environmental statutes; data privacy laws; California Proposition 65; and various other federal, 

32 

state  and  local  statutes  and  regulations  applicable  to  the  production,  transportation,  sale,  safety,  advertising, 
labeling, packaging and ingredients of such products.  

Outside the United States, the production, distribution and sale of many of our products are also subject to 

numerous statutes and regulations.   

If  a  regulatory  authority  finds  that  a  current  or  future  product,  its  label,  or  a  production  run  is  not  in 
compliance with any of these regulations, we may be fined, or the products in question may have to be recalled, 
removed  from  the  market,  reformulated  and/or  have  the  packaging  changed,  which  could  adversely  affect  our 
business, financial condition and results of operations. 

We  cannot  predict  the  effect  of  possible  inquiries  from  and/or  actions  by  attorneys  general,  other  government 
agencies  and/or  quasi-government  agencies  into  the  production,  advertising,  marketing,  promotion,  labeling, 
ingredients, usage and/or sale of our energy drink products. 

We are subject to the risks of investigations and/or enforcement actions by state attorneys general and/or 
other  government  and/or  quasi-governmental  agencies  relating  to  the  advertising,  marketing,  promotion, 
ingredients, usage and/or sale of our energy drinks, and we are a party, from time to time, to various government 
and  regulatory  inquiries  and/or  proceedings.    Defending  these  proceedings  can  result  in  significant  ongoing 
expenditures and the diversion of our management’s time and attention from the operation of our business, which 
could have a negative effect on our business operations.   

In addition, from time to time, government and/or quasi-governmental agencies may investigate the safety 
of caffeine and other ingredients in energy drinks. If an inquiry by a state attorney general or other government or 
quasi-government agency finds that our products and/or the advertising, marketing, promotion, ingredients, usage 
and/or sale of such products are not in compliance with applicable laws or regulations, we may become subject to 
fines, product reformulations, container changes, changes in the usage or sale of our energy drink products and/or 
changes in our advertising, marketing and promotion practices, each of which could have an adverse effect on our 
business, financial condition or results of operations.   

Litigation regarding our products, and related unfavorable media attention, could expose us to significant liabilities 
and reduce demand for our products, thus negatively affecting our financial results. 

We  have  been  and  are  a  party,  from  time  to  time,  to  various  litigation  claims  and  legal  proceedings, 
including,  but  not  limited  to,  intellectual  property,  fraud,  unfair  business  practices,  false  advertising,  product 
liability, breach of contract claims, claims from prior distributors, labor and employment matters, personal injury 
matters, consumer class actions, securities actions and shareholder derivative actions. 

Other lawsuits have been filed against us claiming that certain statements made in our advertisements and/or 
on the labels of our products were false and/or misleading or otherwise not in compliance with food standards under 
local law, and/or that our products are not safe. Putative class action lawsuits have also been filed against certain of 
our competitors asserting that certain claims in their advertisements amount to false advertising.  We do not believe 
any statements made by us in our promotional materials or set forth on our product labels are false or misleading or 
noncompliant with local law, or that our products are in any way unsafe and we vigorously defend such lawsuits. 

Any of the foregoing matters or other litigation, the threat thereof, or unfavorable media attention arising 
from pending or threatened product-related litigation could consume significant financial and managerial resources 
and result in decreased demand for our products, significant monetary awards against us, an injunction barring the 
sale of any of our products and injury to our reputation.  Our failure to successfully defend or settle any litigation 
or legal proceedings could result in liabilities that, to the extent not covered by our insurance, could have a material 
adverse effect on our financial condition, revenue and profitability, and could cause the market value of our common 
stock to decline. 

If we encounter material product recalls, our business may suffer material losses and such recalls could damage 
our brand image and corporate reputation, also potentially resulting in material losses. 

33 

We may be required from time to time to recall products entirely or from specific co-packers, markets, 
retailers or batches if such products become contaminated, damaged, mislabeled, defective or otherwise materially 
non-compliant  with  applicable  regulatory  requirements.    A  material  product  recall  could  adversely  affect  our 
profitability and our brand image and corporate reputation. We do not maintain recall insurance. 

Intellectual Property, Information Technology and Data Privacy Risks 

Our intellectual property rights are critical to our success, and the loss of such rights could materially adversely 
affect our business. 

We own numerous trademarks that are very important to our business. We also own the copyright in, and 
to, a portion of the content on the packaging of our products. We regard our trademarks, copyrights and similar 
intellectual property as critical to our success and attempt to protect such intellectual property through registration 
and enforcement actions. However, there can be no assurance that other parties will not infringe or misappropriate 
our trademarks, copyrights and similar proprietary rights. The Company currently has several proceedings ongoing 
with VPX to adjudicate claims, including claims for false advertising and trademark infringement and trade dress 
infringement, brought by the Company against VPX and by VPX against the Company.  Certain proceedings could 
result in an injunction barring us from selling certain of our products and/or require changes to be made to our 
current trade dress.  If we lose some or all of our intellectual property rights, or an injunction prevents us from 
selling any of our products, our business may be materially adversely affected.  We also have been, and may in the 
future be, unable to use our trademarks, trade names or designs and/or trade dress in certain countries, which may 
impact sales of the affected brands and require increased expenditures, which could have an adverse effect on our 
business, financial condition or results of operations. 

We must continually maintain, protect and/or upgrade our information technology systems, including protecting us 
from internal and external cybersecurity threats. 

Information  technology  enables  us  to  operate  efficiently,  interface  with  customers,  maintain  financial 
accuracy and efficiency and accurately produce our financial statements. If we do not appropriately allocate and 
effectively manage the resources necessary to build and sustain the proper technology infrastructure, we could be 
subject to transaction errors, processing inefficiencies, the loss of customers, business disruptions, and/or the loss 
of and/or damage to intellectual property through security breaches, including internal and external cybersecurity 
threats.  Cybersecurity  attacks  are  evolving  and  include,  but  are  not  limited  to,  malicious  software  (malware, 
ransomware  and  viruses),  phishing  and  social  engineering,  attempts  to  gain  unauthorized  access  to  networks, 
computer systems and data, malicious or negligent actions of employees (including misuse of information they are 
entitled to access) and other forms of electronic security breaches that could lead to disruptions in business systems, 
an inability to process customer orders and/or lost customer orders, unauthorized release of confidential or otherwise 
protected information and corruption of data. 

We  rely  on  relationships  with  third  parties,  including  suppliers,  distributors,  bottlers,  contract  packers, 
contractors,  cloud  data  storage  and  other  information  technology  service  providers  and  other  external  business 
partners, for certain functions or for services in support of our operations. These third-party service providers and 
partners, with whom we may share data, are subject to similar risks as we are relating to cybersecurity, privacy 
violations, business interruption, and systems, as well as employee failures.  While we have procedures in place for 
selecting and managing our relationships with third-party service providers and other business partners, we do not 
have control over their business operations or governance and compliance systems, practices and procedures, which 
increases our financial, legal, reputational and operational risk.  These third parties may experience cybersecurity 
incidents that may involve data we share with them or rely on them to provide to us, and the need to coordinate 
with  such  third-parties,  including  with  respect  to  timely  notification  and  access  to  personnel  and  information 
concerning an incident, may complicate our efforts to resolve any issues that arise. 

We believe that we have adopted appropriate measures including ongoing cybersecurity risk assessments 
to  mitigate  potential  risks  to  our  technology  and  our  operations  from  these  information  technology-related 

34 

disruptions.  However,  given  the  unpredictability  of  the  timing,  nature  and  scope  of  such  disruptions,  we  could 
potentially be subject to operational interruption, damage to our brand image and private data exposure. 

Moreover, if our data management systems, including our SAP enterprise resource planning system, do not 
effectively  collect,  store,  process  and  report  relevant  data  for  the  operation  of  our  business  (whether  due  to 
equipment malfunction or constraints, software deficiencies, cybersecurity attack and/or human error), our ability 
to effectively plan, forecast and execute our business plan and comply with applicable laws and regulations will be 
impaired, perhaps materially. Any such impairment could materially and adversely affect our financial condition, 
results of operations, cash flows and the timeliness with which we report our internal and external operating results. 

If we fail to comply with data privacy and personal data protection laws, we could be subject to adverse publicity, 
government enforcement actions and/or private litigation, which may negatively impact our business and operating 
results. 

We receive, process, transmit and store information relating to certain identified or identifiable individuals 
(“personal data”), including current and former employees, in the ordinary course of business. As a result, we are 
subject to various U.S. federal and state and foreign laws and regulations relating to personal data. These laws are 
subject  to  change,  and  new  personal  data  legislation  may  be  enacted  in  other  jurisdictions  at  any  time.  In  the 
European Union, the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) became effective in May 2018 for all member 
states.  The  GDPR  includes  operational  requirements  for  companies  receiving  or  processing  personal  data  of 
residents of the European Union different from those that were previously in place and also includes significant 
penalties for noncompliance.  Additionally, the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 (“CCPA”), which was 
enacted in June 2018 and came into effect on January 1, 2020, provides a new private right of action and statutory 
damages for certain data breaches and imposes operational requirements on companies that process personal data 
of  California  residents,  including  making  new  disclosures  to  consumers  about  data  collection,  processing  and 
sharing practices and allowing consumers to opt out of certain data sharing with third parties.  

Changes  introduced  by  the  GDPR  and  the  CCPA,  as  well  as  other  changes  to  existing  personal  data 
protection laws and the introduction of such laws in other jurisdictions, subject the Company to, among other things, 
additional  costs  and  expenses  and  may  require  costly  changes  to  our  business  practices  and  security  systems, 
policies, procedures and practices. There can be no assurances that our security controls over personal data, training 
of personnel on data privacy and data security, vendor management processes, and the policies, procedures and 
practices  we  implement  will  prevent  the  improper  processing  or  breaches  of  personal  data.    Data  breaches  or 
improper processing, or breaches of personal data in violation of the GDPR, the CCPA and/or of other personal 
data  protection  or  privacy  laws  and  regulations,  could  harm  our  reputation,  cause  loss  of  consumer  confidence, 
subject us to government enforcement actions (including fines), or result in private litigation against us, which may 
result  in  potential  loss  of  revenue,  increased  costs,  liability  for  monetary  damages  or  fines  and/or  criminal 
prosecution, thereby negatively impacting our business and operating results. 

Financial Risks 

Fluctuations in our effective tax rate could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. 

We are subject to income and other taxes in both the U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions. Therefore, we 

are subject to audits for multiple tax years in various jurisdictions at once.  

We are in various stages of examination with certain states and certain foreign jurisdictions including the 
United Kingdom and Ireland. Our 2017 through 2019 U.S. federal income tax returns are subject to examination by 
the IRS. Our state income tax returns are subject to examination for the 2016 through 2019 tax years.  

At any given time, events may occur which change our expectation about how any such tax audits will be 
resolved and thus, there could be significant variability in our quarterly and/or annual tax rates, because these events 
may change our plans for uncertain tax positions.   

35 

Changes in U.S. tax laws as a result of any legislation proposed by the new U.S. Presidential Administration 
or U.S. Congress, which may include efforts to change or repeal the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act and the federal 
corporate income tax rate reduction, could adversely affect our provision for income taxes, resulting in an adverse 
impact  on  our  financial  condition  or  results  of  operations.  In  addition,  changes  in  the  manner  in  which  U.S. 
multinational corporations are taxed on foreign earnings, including changes in how existing tax laws are interpreted 
or enforced, could adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations. For example, the Organization 
for  Economic  Cooperation  and  Development  (“OECD”)  has  recommended  changes  to  numerous  long-standing 
international  tax  principles  through  its  base  erosion  and  profit  shifting  (“BEPS”)  project.  These  changes,  to  the 
extent adopted, may increase tax uncertainty, result in higher compliance costs and adversely affect our provision 
for income taxes, results of operations and/or cash flow.  In connection with the OECD’s BEPS project, companies 
are  required  to  disclose  more  information  to  tax  authorities  on operations  around  the  world,  which  may  lead  to 
greater  audit  scrutiny  of  profits  earned  in  various  countries.  Economic  and  political  pressures  to  increase  tax 
revenues in jurisdictions in which we operate, or the adoption of new or reformed tax legislation or regulation, may 
make resolving tax disputes more difficult and the final resolution of tax audits and any related litigation could 
differ from our historical provisions and accruals, resulting in an adverse impact on our financial condition or results 
of operations. 

We may be required in the future to record a significant charge to earnings if our goodwill or intangible assets 
become impaired. 

Under United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”), we are required to review our 
intangible assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be 
recoverable. Factors that may be considered a change in circumstances indicating that the carrying value of our 
intangible assets may not be recoverable include, declining or slower than anticipated growth rates for certain of 
our existing products, a decline in stock price and market capitalization, and slower growth rates in our industry. 

We may be required in the future to record a significant charge to earnings during the period in which we 
determine that our intangible assets have been impaired. Any such charge would adversely impact our results of 
operations. As of December 31, 2020, our goodwill totaled approximately $1.33 billion and other intangible assets 
totaled approximately $1.06 billion. 

Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates may adversely affect our operating results. 

We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk with respect to our sales, expenses, profits, assets 
and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. We may enter into forward currency exchange 
contracts with financial institutions to create an economic hedge to specifically manage a portion of the foreign 
exchange  risk  exposure  associated  with  certain  consolidated  subsidiaries’  non-functional  currency  denominated 
assets and liabilities. We have not used instruments to hedge against all foreign currency risks and are therefore not 
protected against all foreign currency fluctuations. As a result, our reported earnings may be affected by changes in 
foreign  currency  exchange  rates.  Moreover,  any  favorable  impacts  to  profit  margins  or  financial  results  from 
fluctuations  in  foreign  currency  exchange  rates  are  likely  to  be  unsustainable  over  time.  Foreign  currency 
transaction losses were $11.2 million, $4.1 million and $4.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 
and 2018, respectively. 

Potential changes in accounting standards or practices and/or taxation may adversely affect our financial results. 

We cannot predict the impact that future changes in accounting standards or practices may have on our 
financial results. New accounting standards could be issued that change the way we record revenues, expenses, 
assets and liabilities. These changes in accounting standards could adversely affect our reported earnings. Increases 
in direct and indirect income tax rates could affect after-tax income. Equally, increases in indirect taxes (including 
environmental taxes pertaining to the disposal of beverage containers and/or indirect taxes on beverages generally 
or energy drinks in particular) could affect our products’ affordability and reduce our sales. 

36 

If we fail to maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting on 
a consolidated basis, our stock price and investor confidence in the Company could be materially and adversely 
affected. 

We  are  required  to  maintain  both  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  as  well  as  internal  control  over 
financial reporting that are effective for the purposes described in “Part II, Item 9A – Controls and Procedures.” If 
we fail to maintain such controls and procedures, our business, results of operations, financial condition and/or the 
value of our stock could be materially harmed. 

Uncertainty in the financial markets and other adverse changes in general economic or political conditions in any 
of  the  major  countries  in  which  we  do  business  could  adversely  affect  our  industry,  business  and  results  of 
operations. 

Global economic uncertainties, including foreign currency exchange rates, affect businesses such as ours 
in a number of ways, making it difficult to accurately forecast and plan our future business activities. There can be 
no assurance that economic improvements will occur, or that they would be sustainable, or that they would enhance 
conditions in markets relevant to us. In addition, we cannot predict the duration and severity of disruptions in any 
of our markets or the impact they may have on our customers or business, as our expansion outside of the United 
States has increased our exposure to any developments or crises in African, Asian, European and other international 
markets.  Unfavorable  economic  conditions  and  financial  uncertainties  in  our  major  international  markets  and 
unstable political conditions, including civil unrest and governmental changes, in certain of our other international 
markets could undermine global consumer confidence and reduce consumers’ purchasing power, thereby reducing 
demand for our products.  Included in the foregoing are long-term uncertainties surrounding the United Kingdom’s 
withdrawal from the European Union on January 31, 2020 (commonly referred to as “Brexit”) and any resulting 
increases  in  tariffs,  importation  restrictions,  out  of  stocks,  volatility  in  currency  exchange  rates,  including  the 
valuation of the euro and the British pound in particular, changes in the laws and regulations applied in the United 
Kingdom  or  impacts  on  economic  and  market  conditions  in  the  United  Kingdom,  the  European  Union  and  its 
member states and elsewhere. 

Default by or failure of one or more of our counterparty financial institutions could cause us to incur significant 
losses. 

As part of any hedging activities that we may conduct, we may enter into transactions involving derivative 
financial  instruments,  including  forward  contracts,  commodity  futures  contracts,  option  contracts,  collars  and 
swaps, with various financial institutions. We also have significant amounts of cash, cash equivalents and other 
investments on deposit or in accounts with banks or other financial institutions both in the United States and abroad, 
exposing us  to  risk  of default by or  failure  of  such counterparty financial  institutions.  This risk  of  counterparty 
default or failure is greater during periods of economic downturn or uncertainty in financial markets. If one of our 
counterparties became insolvent or filed for bankruptcy, our ability to recover losses incurred due to the default or 
to retrieve assets deposited or held in accounts with such counterparty may be limited by the counterparty’s liquidity 
or applicable laws governing insolvency and bankruptcy proceedings. Default by or failure of one or more of our 
counterparties could cause us to incur significant losses and negatively impact our results of operations and financial 
condition. 

Volatility of stock price may restrict sale opportunities. 

Our stock price is affected by a number of factors, including stockholder expectations, financial results, the 
introduction of new products by us and our competitors, general economic and market conditions, estimates and 
projections  by  the  investment  community  and  public  comments  by  other  parties  as  well  as  many  other  factors 
including litigation, many of which are beyond our control. We do not provide guidance on our future performance, 
including, but not limited to, our revenues, margins, product mix, operating expenses or net income. We may be 
unable to achieve analysts’ net revenue and/or earnings forecasts, which are based on their own projected revenues, 
sales volumes and sales mix of many product types and/or new products, certain of which are more profitable than 
others, as well as their own estimates of gross margin and operating expenses. There can be no assurance that we 

37 

will achieve any such projected levels or mix of product sales, revenues, gross margins, operating profits and/or net 
income. As a result, our stock price is subject to significant volatility, and stockholders may not be able to sell our 
stock at attractive prices. In addition, periods of volatility in the market price of our stock could result in the initiation 
of securities class action litigation against us. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, the high of our stock 
price was $91.68 and the low was $50.06. 

Our investments are subject to risks which may cause losses and affect the liquidity of these investments. 

At December 31, 2020, we had $1.18 billion in cash and cash equivalents and $925.6 million in short-term 
and long-term investments, including certificates of deposit, commercial paper, U.S. government agency securities, 
U.S. treasuries, and to a lesser extent, municipal securities. Certain of these investments are subject to general credit, 
liquidity, market and interest rate risks. These risks associated with our investment portfolio may have an adverse 
effect on our future results of operations, liquidity and financial condition. 

ITEM 1B.        UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS 

Not applicable. 

ITEM 2.           PROPERTIES 

Our principal properties include our corporate headquarters as well as our Southern California warehouse 

and distribution center. 

Our  owned  corporate  facilities  located  in  Corona,  California,  consist  of  (i)  an  approximately  141,000 
square-foot, free-standing, six-story building (ENERGY STAR certified), (ii) an approximately 147,625 square-
foot three-story parking structure and storage facility, which houses our approximately 14,000 square-foot quality 
control  laboratory,  (iii)  an  approximately  75,426  square  foot,  free-standing,  three-story  building  (pursuing 
ENERGY STAR certification), (iv) an approximately 20,661 square-foot, free-standing, single-story building and 
(v) an approximately 49,617 square-foot, free-standing, two-story building. 

Our owned Southern California warehouse and distribution center is located in Rialto, California, consisting 

of an approximately 1,000,000 square-foot building which is LEED certified. 

During 2020, we purchased a three-story office building located in Uxbridge, United Kingdom. 

During 2019, we acquired a manufacturing plant and adjoining land in Athy, County Kildare, Ireland. We 

intend to utilize the facility to produce and supply ingredients for certain of our international markets.  

During 2019, we purchased approximately 7.66 acres of land in San Fernando, California.  We are in the 
process of constructing a new production facility in order to consolidate AFF’s operations into a single location.   

In  addition,  we  lease  many  smaller  office  and/or  warehouse  spaces,  both  domestically  and  in  certain 

international locations. 

ITEM 3.          LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 

From time to time in the normal course of business, the Company is named in litigation, including labor 
and employment matters, personal injury matters, consumer class actions, intellectual property matters and claims 
from prior distributors.  Although it is not possible to predict the ultimate outcome of such litigation, based on the 
facts known to the Company, management believes that such litigation in aggregate will likely not have a material 
adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. 

On September 18, 2020, a derivative complaint was filed on purported behalf of the Company in the United 
States District Court for the Central District of California.  The action is styled Falat v. Sacks, et al., 8:20-cv-01782, 

38 

 
 
 
and asserts claims against certain officers, current and former directors, and employees of the Company, including 
Rodney C. Sacks, Hilton H. Schlosberg, Guy P. Carling, Thomas J. Kelly, Emelie C. Tirre, Mark J. Hall, Kathleen 
E. Ciaramello, Gary P. Fayard, Jeanne P. Jackson, Steven G. Pizula, Benjamin M. Polk, Sydney Selati and Mark S. 
Vidergauz (collectively, the “Individual Defendants”).  The Company is named as a nominal defendant. 

The  derivative  complaint  alleges,  among  other  things,  that  the  Individual  Defendants  breached  their 
fiduciary  duties  to  the  Company  by  allowing  others  to  cause,  or  themselves  causing,  the  Company  to  hide 
discrimination  and  failing  to  ensure  sufficient  diversity,  including  by  permitting  conduct  to  occur  that  was 
inconsistent with statements made in the Company’s policies and disclosures, and failing to ensure the Company’s 
compliance with laws regarding diversity and anti-discrimination.  The complaint also asserts claims for abuse of 
control, unjust enrichment and violation of Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the 
“Exchange  Act”).  The  complaint  seeks  from  the  Individual  Defendants  an  unspecified  amount  of  damages, 
restitution,  punitive  damages  and  costs  to  be  paid  to  the  Company,  and  seeks  to  require  the  Company  to  adopt 
corporate governance reforms, and other equitable relief. 

On January 15, 2021, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the action because the plaintiff failed to make 
a demand on the Company as required by Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 23.1 or to show that demand would have 
been futile. The Individual Defendants also filed a motion to dismiss the complaint for failure to state a claim against 
the  Individual  Defendants,  among  other  reasons.  Those  motions  are  scheduled  for  hearing  in  the  2021  second 
quarter. While the Company continues to evaluate these claims, management believes that such litigation will likely 
not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. 

The Company evaluates, on a quarterly basis, developments in legal proceedings and other matters that 
could cause an increase or decrease in the amount of the liability that is accrued, if any, and any related insurance 
reimbursements.  As  of  December  31,  2020,  the  Company’s  consolidated  balance  sheet  included  accrued  loss 
contingencies of approximately $18.4 million. 

ITEM 4.          MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES 

Not applicable. 

PART II 

ITEM 5.          MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER 
MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES 

Principal Market 

The Company’s common stock trades on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol, “MNST”.  
As  of  February  19,  2021,  there  were  528,137,036  shares  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  outstanding  held  by 
approximately 188 holders of record. The holders of record do not include those stockholders whose shares are held 
of record by banks, brokers and other financial institutions. 

Stock Price and Dividend Information 

We have not paid cash dividends to our stockholders since our inception and do not anticipate paying cash 

dividends in the foreseeable future. 

On February 26, 2019, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program for the 
purchase of up to $500.0 million of the Company’s outstanding common stock (the “February 2019 Repurchase 
Plan”). During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company purchased 0.6 million shares of common stock at 
an average purchase price of $58.16 per share, for a total amount of $36.6 million (excluding broker commissions), 
which exhausted the availability under the February 2019 Repurchase Plan. Such shares are included in common 
stock in treasury in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2020. 

39 

 
On November 6, 2019, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program for 
the  purchase  of  up  to  $500.0  million  of  the  Company’s  outstanding  common  stock  (the  “November  2019 
Repurchase  Plan”).  During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  purchased  9.1  million  shares  of 
common stock at an average purchase price of $54.86 per share, for a total amount of $499.9 million (excluding 
broker commissions), which exhausted the availability under the November 2019 Repurchase Plan. Such shares are 
included in common stock in treasury in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2020. 

On March 13, 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program for the 
purchase  of  up  to  $500.0  million  of  the  Company’s  outstanding  common  stock  (the  “March  2020  Repurchase 
Plan”). During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company purchased 1.0 million shares of common stock at 
an average purchase price of $55.85 per share, for a total amount of $58.5 million (excluding broker commissions), 
under the March 2020 Repurchase Plan. Such shares are included in common stock in treasury in the accompanying 
consolidated  balance  sheet  at  December  31,  2020.  As  of  March  1,  2021,  $441.5  million  remained  available  for 
repurchase under the March 2020 Repurchase Plan. 

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  0.02  million  shares  of  common  stock  were  purchased  from 
employees in lieu of cash payments for options exercised or withholding taxes due for a total amount of $1.0 million. 
While  such  purchases  are  considered  common  stock  repurchases,  they  are  not  counted  as  purchases  against  the 
Company’s authorized share repurchase programs. Such shares are included in common stock in treasury in the 
accompanying consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2020. 

No shares were repurchased during the quarter ended December 31, 2020. 

Performance Graph 

The following graph shows a five-year comparison of cumulative total returns:1 

1Annual return assumes reinvestment of dividends. Cumulative total return assumes an initial investment of $100 on December 31, 2015. 
The Company’s self-selected peer group is comprised of TCCC, Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. (through July 9, 2018), Keurig Dr. Pepper 
Inc. (after July 10, 2018), National Beverage Corporation, Jones Soda Company and PepsiCo, Inc. 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 6.           SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA 

The consolidated statements of operations data set forth below with respect to each of the fiscal years ended 
December 31, 2018 through 2020 and the balance sheet data as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, are derived from 
our audited consolidated financial statements included herein, and should be read in conjunction with those financial 
statements and notes thereto, and with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results 
of  Operations  included  as  Part  II,  Item  7  of  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K.  The  consolidated  statements  of 
operations data for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 and the balance sheet data as of December 
31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 are derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements not included 
herein. 

(in thousands, except per share 
information) 
Net sales1 

2020 

2019 

2018 

2017 

2016 

  $  4,598,638   $ 4,200,819   $ 3,807,183   $  3,369,045   $ 3,049,393 

Gross profit1 
Gross profit as a percentage to net sales  

  $  2,723,880   $ 

59.2%  

2,518,585   $ 
60.0%  

2,295,375   $  2,137,690   $ 

60.3%  

63.5%    

1,942,000 
63.7% 

Operating income1,2 

  $  1,633,153   $ 

1,402,939   $ 

1,283,619   $  1,198,787   $ 

1,085,338 

Net income1,2 
Net income per common share: 

Basic 
Diluted 

  $  1,409,594   $ 

1,107,835   $   993,004   $ 

 820,678   $   712,685 

  $ 
  $ 

 2.66   $ 
 2.64   $ 

 2.04   $ 
 2.03   $ 

 1.78   $ 
 1.76   $ 

 1.45   $ 
 1.42   $ 

 1.21 
 1.19 

Cash, cash equivalents and investments   $  2,106,058   $ 

1,343,925   $   958,163   $  1,203,921   $   600,530 

Total assets 

  $  6,202,716   $ 

Stockholders’ equity 

  $  5,160,860   $ 

5,150,352   $ 

4,526,891   $  4,791,012   $ 

4,153,471 

4,171,281   $ 

3,610,901   $  3,895,212   $ 

3,329,709 

¹ Includes $42.1 million, $46.3 million, $44.3 million, $43.4 million and $40.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, 
2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, related to the recognition of deferred revenue. 

2 Includes $0.2 million, $11.3 million, $26.6 million, $35.4 million and $79.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, 
2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, related to expenditures attributable to the costs associated with terminating existing distributors. 

ITEM 7.          MANAGEMENT’S  DISCUSSION  AND  ANALYSIS  OF  FINANCIAL  CONDITION  AND 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 
(“MD&A”) is provided as a supplement to – and should be read in conjunction with – our financial statements and 
the accompanying notes (“Notes”) included in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-
looking  statements  that  are  based  on  management’s  current  expectations,  estimates  and  projections  about  our 
business and operations. Our actual results may differ materially from those currently anticipated and expressed in 
such forward-looking statements. See “Forward-Looking Statements” and “Part I, Item 1A – Risk Factors.” 

This  overview  provides  our  perspective  on  the  individual  sections  of  MD&A.  MD&A  includes  the 

following sections: 

  The COVID-19 Pandemic – a discussion of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business 

employees and operations; 

  Our  Business –  a  general  description  of  our  business,  the  value  drivers  of  our  business,  and 

opportunities and risks facing our Company, stock repurchases, acquisitions and divestitures; 

41 

   
  
 
   
    
   
    
   
    
  
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
   
  
   
  
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Results  of  Operations –  an  analysis  of  our  consolidated  results  of  operations  for  the  three years 

presented in our financial statements; 

  Sales – details of our sales measured on a quarterly basis in both dollars and cases; 
 
  Liquidity  and  Capital  Resources –  an  analysis  of  our  cash  flows,  sources  and  uses  of  cash  and 

Inflation – information about the impact that inflation may or may not have on our results; 

contractual obligations; 

  Accounting  Policies  and  Pronouncements –  a  discussion  of  accounting  policies  that  require  critical 

judgments and estimates including newly issued accounting pronouncements; 

  Forward-Looking  Statements –  cautionary  information  about  forward-looking  statements  and  a 
description of certain risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from 
the Company’s historical results or our current expectations or projections; and 

  Market  Risks –  information  about  market  risks  and  risk  management.  (See  “Forward-Looking 
Statements” and “Part II, Item 7A – Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures About Market Risks”). 

The COVID – 19 Pandemic 

The current COVID-19 pandemic has presented a substantial public health and economic challenge around 
the world and is affecting our employees, communities and business operations, as well as the global economy and 
financial markets. The human and economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the measures 
taken or that may be taken in the future by governments, and consequently businesses (including the Company and 
its  suppliers,  full  service  beverage  bottlers/distributors  (“bottlers/distributors”),  co-packers  and  other  service 
providers)  and  the  public  at  large  to  limit the  COVID-19  pandemic,  has  directly  and  indirectly  impacted  our 
business. The duration and severity of this impact will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain and 
cannot be accurately predicted, including new information that may emerge concerning the COVID-19 pandemic, 
the actions taken to limit its spread and the economic impact on local, regional, national and international markets. 
See “Part I, Item 1A – Risk Factors.” 

We  have  been  actively  addressing  the  COVID-19  pandemic  with  a  global  task  force  team  working  to 

mitigate the potential impacts to our people and business.  

Health and Safety of our Employees and Business Partners  

From the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, our top priority has been the health, safety and well-being 
of our employees. Early in March 2020, we implemented global travel restrictions and work-from-home policies 
for  employees  who  are  able  to  work  remotely.  For  those  employees  who  are  unable  to  work  remotely,  safety 
precautions  have  been  instituted,  which  were  developed  and  adopted  in  line  with  guidance  from  public  health 
authorities and professional consultants. Currently, certain of our offices have partially reopened in the U.S. and in 
certain countries, and generally, our field sales teams are working with our bottler/distributors and retailers subject 
to  certain  safety  protocols.  During  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  we  have  taken  a  number  of  steps  to  support  our 
employees,  including  increasing  employee  communications,  including  topics  such  as  mental  health  and  family 
welfare; creating wellness hotlines and enhancing employee assistance programs; and conducting employee surveys 
to evaluate employee morale. We are incredibly proud of the teamwork exhibited by our employees, co-packers 
and bottlers/distributors around the world who are ensuring the integrity of our supply chain.  

Customer Demand 

Despite the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, we achieved record fourth quarter net sales. While 
the performance in Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”) was solid in the fourth quarter, EMEA remained 
adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.  

Since mid-March 2020, we have seen a shift in consumer channel preferences and package configurations, 
including an increase in at-home consumption and a decrease in food service on-premise consumption.  Our sales 
in the 2020 second quarter were initially adversely affected as a result of a decrease in foot traffic in the convenience 

42 

and gas channel (which is our largest channel) but improved sequentially from the latter half of the 2020 second 
quarter  and  throughout  the  2020  third and  fourth quarters.  Our e-commerce,  club  store,  mass  merchandiser  and 
grocery and related business continued to increase in 2020, while our food service on-premise business, which is a 
small  channel  for  the  Company,  remained  challenged.  The  duration  of  these  trends  and  the  magnitude  of  such 
impacts on future periods cannot be precisely estimated at this time, as they are affected by a number of factors 
(many of which are outside our control).  

We have recently seen a resurgence of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Northern Hemisphere while cases 
in the Southern Hemisphere continue to increase. As a result, a number of countries, particularly in EMEA, have 
reinstituted lockdowns and other restrictions, which could further impact customer demand. 

A reduction in demand for our products or changes in consumer purchasing and consumption patterns, as 
well as continued economic uncertainty as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, could adversely affect the financial 
conditions of retailers and consumers, resulting in reduced or canceled orders for our products, purchase returns 
and closings of retail or wholesale establishments or other locations in which our products are sold. 

Our Distribution and Supply Chain 

As  of  the  date  of  this  filing,  we  do  not  foresee  a  material  impact  on  the  ability  of  our  co-packers  to 
manufacture and our bottlers/distributors to distribute our products as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. We are 
continually addressing the increase in our aluminum can requirements given our volume growth and the current 
supply  constraints  in  the  aluminum  can  industry.  Overall,  we  are  not  experiencing  significant  raw  material  or 
finished  product  shortages  and  our  supply  chain  remains  intact.  Depending  on  the  duration  of  any  COVID-19 
pandemic related issues, we may experience material disruptions in our supply chain as the pandemic continues. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources  

As of the date of this filing, we expect to maintain substantial liquidity as we manage through the current 

environment as described in the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section below. 

Our Business 

Overview 

We  develop,  market,  sell  and  distribute  energy  drink  beverages  and  concentrates  for  energy  drink 

beverages, primarily under the following brand names: 

     Monster Energy® 
     Monster Energy Ultra® 
     Monster Rehab® 
     Monster MAXX® 
     Java Monster® 
     Muscle Monster® 
     Espresso Monster® 
     Punch Monster® 
     Juice Monster® 
     Monster Hydro® Energy Water 
     Monster Hydro® Super Sport 
     Monster HydroSport Super Fuel® 
     Monster Super Fuel® 
     Monster Dragon Tea® 
     Reign Total Body Fuel® 
     Reign Inferno® Thermogenic Fuel 

           NOS® 

     Full Throttle® 
     Burn® 
     Mother® 
     Nalu® 
     Ultra Energy® 
     Play® and Power Play® (stylized) 
     Relentless® 
     BPM® 
     BU® 
     Gladiator® 
     Samurai® 
     Live+® 
     Predator® 
     Fury® 

43 

 
Our net sales of $4.60 billion for the year ended December 31, 2020 represented record annual net sales. 
Net  sales  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  were  negatively  impacted  by  $15.2  million  related  to  product 
returns from our customers as a result of a European formulation issue with a limited number of products in Europe 
and  a  labeling  issue  concerning  one  product  in  Japan  (the  “Product  Returns”).  Net  changes  in  foreign  currency 
exchange rates had an unfavorable impact on net sales of approximately $48.2 million for the year ended December 
31, 2020. 

The vast majority of our net sales are derived from our Monster Energy® Drinks segment. Net sales of our 
Monster  Energy®  Drinks  segment  were  $4.31  billion  for  the  year ended  December  31,  2020.    Net  sales  of  our 
Strategic Brands segment were $266.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Our Monster Energy® Drinks 
segment  represented  93.6%  and  92.9%  of  our  net  sales  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2020  and  2019, 
respectively.  Our  Strategic  Brands  segment  represented  5.8%  and  6.5%  of  our  net  sales  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Our Other segment represented 0.6% and 0.5% of our net sales for the 
years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Net sales for the Monster Energy® Drinks segment for the 
year ended December 31, 2020 were negatively impacted by $15.2 million related to the Product Returns. 

Net  changes  in  foreign  currency  exchange  rates  had  an  unfavorable  impact  on  net  sales  in  the  Monster 
Energy® Drinks segment of approximately $44.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Net changes in 
foreign  currency  exchange  rates  had  an  unfavorable  impact  on  net  sales  in  the  Strategic  Brands  segment  of 
approximately $4.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. 

Our  growth  strategy  includes  expanding  our  international  business.  Net  sales  to  customers  outside  the 
United States amounted to $1.51 billion, $1.33 billion and $1.09 billion for the years ended December 31, 2020, 
2019 and 2018, respectively. Such sales were approximately 33%, 32% and 29% of net sales for the years ended 
December  31,  2020,  2019 and  2018,  respectively.  Net  sales  to  customers  outside  the  United States  for  the  year 
ended December 31, 2020 were negatively impacted by $15.2 million related to the Product Returns. 

Our customers are primarily full service beverage bottlers/distributors, retail grocery and specialty chains, 
wholesalers,  club  stores,  mass  merchandisers,  convenience  chains,  foodservice  customers,  value  stores,  e-
commerce retailers and the military. Percentages of our gross billings to our various customer types for the years 
ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 are reflected below. Such information includes sales made by us directly 
to the customer types concerned, which include our full service beverage bottlers/distributors in the United States. 
Such full service beverage bottlers/distributors in turn sell certain of our products to some of the same customer 
types  listed  below.  We  limit  our  description  of  our  customer  types  to  include  only  our  sales  to  our  full  service 
bottlers/distributors without reference to such bottlers/distributors’ sales to their own customers.  

U.S. full service bottlers/distributors 
International full service bottlers/distributors 
Club stores and e-commerce retailers 
Retail grocery, direct convenience, specialty chains and wholesalers   
Direct value stores and other 

     2020       2019       2018 
61% 
31% 
6% 
1% 
1% 

56%   
34%   
8% 
1% 
1% 

58%   
33%   
7% 
1% 
1% 

Our  customers  include  Coca-Cola  Canada  Bottling  Limited,  Coca-Cola  Consolidated,  Inc.,  Coca-Cola 
Bottling Company United, Inc., Reyes Coca-Cola Bottling, LLC, Great Lakes Coca-Cola Distribution, LLC, Coca-
Cola Southwest Beverages LLC, The Coca-Cola Bottling Company of Northern New England, Inc., Swire Pacific 
Holdings,  Inc.  (USA),  Liberty  Coca-Cola  Beverages,  LLC,  Coca-Cola  European  Partners,  Coca-Cola  Hellenic, 
Coca-Cola  FEMSA,  Coca-Cola  Amatil,  Swire  Coca-Cola  (China),  COFCO  Coca-Cola,  Coca-Cola  Beverages 
Africa, Coca-Cola İçecek and certain other TCCC network bottlers, Asahi Soft Drinks, Co., Ltd., Wal-Mart, Inc. 
(including Sam’s Club), Costco Wholesale Corporation and Amazon.com, Inc. A decision by any large customer 
to decrease amounts purchased from us or to cease carrying our products could have a material adverse effect on 
our financial condition and consolidated results of operations. 

44 

 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Coca-Cola Consolidated, Inc. accounted for approximately 12%, 13% and 13% of our net sales for the years 

ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Reyes Coca-Cola Bottling, LLC accounted for approximately 11%, 11% and 12% of our net sales for the 

years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Coca-Cola  European  Partners  accounted  for  approximately  10%  of  our  net  sales  for  the  years  ended 

December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.  

We continue to incur expenditures in connection with the development and introduction of new products 

and flavors. 

Value Drivers of our Business 

We believe that the key value drivers of our business include the following: 

 

International  Growth –  The  introduction,  development  and  sustained  profitability  of  our  Monster 
Energy® brand internationally remains a key value driver for our corporate growth. One or more of our 
products are distributed in approximately 154 countries and territories worldwide. 

  Profitable Growth – We believe “functional” value-added beverage brands supported by marketing and 
innovation and targeted to a diverse consumer base, drive profitable growth.  We continue to broaden 
our family of products to provide more alternatives to consumers and launched Reign Total Body Fuel® 
high performance energy drinks in the first quarter of 2019.  We are focused on increasing the profit 
margins for both our Monster Energy® Drinks segment and our Strategic Brands segment, and believe 
that tailored branding, packaging, pricing and distribution channel strategies  help achieve profitable 
growth. We are implementing these strategies with a view to continuing profitable growth. 

  Cost  Management –  The  principal  focus  of  cost  management  will  continue  to  be  on  reducing  input 
procurement  and  production  costs  on  a  per-case  basis,  including  raw  material  costs  and  co-packing 
fees, as well as reducing freight costs by securing additional co-packing facilities strategically localized. 
Another key area of focus is to decrease promotional allowances, selling and general and administrative 
costs, including sponsorships, sampling, promotional and marketing expenses, as a percentage of net 
sales. 

  Efficient Capital Structure – Our capital structure is designed to optimize our working capital in order 
to finance expansion, both domestically and internationally. We believe that with our strong capital 
position, our ability to raise funds, if necessary, at a relatively low effective cost of borrowings, provides 
a competitive advantage. The reduction of days outstanding for accounts receivable and inventory days 
on hand will remain an area of focus. 

We  believe  that,  subject  to  increases  in  the  costs  of  certain  raw  materials  being  contained,  these  value 
drivers, when implemented and/or achieved in the United States and internationally, will result in: (1) improving or 
maintaining our product gross profit margins; (2) providing additional leverage over time through reduced expenses 
as a percentage of net operating revenues; and (3) enhancing our cost of capital. The ultimate measure of success is 
and will be reflected in our current and future results of operations. 

Net sales, gross profit, operating income, net income and net income per share represent key measurements 
of the above value drivers. These measurements will continue to be a key management focus in 2021 and beyond 
(See  “Part II, Item 7 –  Results  of  Operations –  Results  of  Operations  for  the Year  Ended  December 31,  2020, 
Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2019”). 

As of December 31, 2020, the Company had working capital of $2.39 billion compared to $1.66 billion as 
of December 31, 2019. The increase in working capital was primarily the result of the $1.41 billion of net income 

45 

earned during the year ended December 31, 2020. For the year ended December 31, 2020, our net cash provided by 
operating activities was approximately $1.36 billion as compared to $1.11 billion for the year ended December 31, 
2019.  Principal  uses  of  cash  flows  in  2020,  were  purchases  of  investments,  repurchase  of  our  common  stock, 
development  of  our  Monster  Energy®  brand  internationally  and  acquisitions  of  real  property,  property  and 
equipment. These principal uses of cash flows are expected to be and remain our principal recurring use of cash and 
working capital funds in the future (See “Part II, Item 7 – Liquidity and Capital Resources”). 

Opportunities, Challenges and Risks 

Looking forward, our management has identified certain challenges and risks for the beverage industry and 
the Company, including our significant commercial relationship with TCCC and TCCC’s status as a significant 
stockholder of the Company, in each case as described above under “Part I, Item 1A – Risk Factors.” 

In addition, legislation has been proposed and/or adopted at the U.S., state, county and/or municipal level 
and  proposed  and/or  adopted  in  certain  foreign  jurisdictions  to  restrict  the  sale  of  energy  drinks  (including 
prohibiting the sale of energy drinks at certain establishments or pursuant to certain governmental programs), limit 
caffeine content, require certain product labeling disclosures and/or warnings, impose taxes, limit product sizes or 
impose age restrictions for the sale of energy drinks. In addition, articles critical of the caffeine content in energy 
drinks and their perceived benefits and articles indicating certain health risks of energy drinks have been published. 
The proposal and/or adoption of such legislation and the publication of such articles, or the future proposal and/or 
adoption of similar legislation or publication of similar articles, may adversely affect our Company. In addition, 
uncertainty and/or volatility in our domestic and/or our international economic markets could negatively affect both 
the  stability  of  our  industry  and  our  Company.  Furthermore,  our  growth  strategy  includes  expanding  our 
international business, which exposes us to risks inherent in conducting international operations, including the risks 
associated  with  foreign  currency  exchange  rate  fluctuations.  Consumer  discretionary  spending  also  represents  a 
challenge to the successful marketing and sale of our products. Increases in consumer and regulatory awareness of 
the health problems arising from obesity and inactive lifestyles continue to represent a challenge. We recognize that 
obesity  is  a  complex  and  serious  public  health  problem.  Our  commitment  to  consumers  begins  with  our  broad 
product line and a wide selection of diet, light and low calorie beverages within our energy drink product lines. We 
continuously  strive  to  meet  changing  consumer  needs  through  beverage  innovation,  choice  and  variety.  (See 
“Part I, Item 1A – Risk Factors”). 

Our historical success is attributable, in part, to our introduction of different and innovative beverages which 
have been positively accepted by consumers. Our future success will depend, in part, upon our continued ability to 
develop and introduce different and innovative beverages that meet consumer preferences, although there can be 
no assurance of our ability to do so. In order to retain and expand our market share, we must continue to develop 
and  introduce  different  and  innovative  beverages  and  be  competitive  in  the  areas  of  price,  quality,  method  of 
distribution,  brand  image  and  intellectual  property  protection.  The  beverage  industry  is  subject  to  changing 
consumer preferences that may adversely affect us if we misjudge such preferences. 

In addition, other key challenges and risks that could impact our Company’s future financial results include, 

but are not limited to: 

 
the continuation or worsening of the COVID-19 pandemic; 
 
the risks associated with the realization of benefits from our relationship with TCCC; 
 
the impact of TCCC’s bottlers/distributors distributing Coca-Cola brand energy drinks; 
 
changes in consumer preferences and demand for our products; 
 
economic uncertainty in the United States, Europe and other countries in which we operate; 
 
the risks associated with foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations; 
  maintenance of our brand image, product quality and corporate reputation; 
 

increasing  concern  over  various  environmental,  human  rights  and  health  matters,  including  obesity, 
caffeine consumption and energy drinks generally, and changes in regulation and consumer preferences 
in response to those concerns; 

46 

 
 
 

  profitable  expansion  and  growth  of  our  family  of  brands  in  the  competitive  market  place  (See 
“Part I, Item 1 – Business – Competition” and “Part I, Item 1 – Business – Sales and Marketing”); 
costs of establishing and promoting our brands internationally; 
increases in costs of raw materials used by us; 
restrictions  on  imports  and  sources  of  supply,  duties  or  tariffs,  changes  in  related  government 
regulations and disruptions in the timely import or export of our products and/or ingredients due to port 
strikes  and/or  port  congestion, delays  due  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  related  labor  issues  or  other 
importation impediments; 

 

  protection  of  our  existing  intellectual  property  portfolio  of  trademarks  and  copyrights  and  the 
continuous  pursuit  to  develop  and  protect  new  and  innovative  trademarks  and  copyrights  for  our 
expanding product lines; 
limitations on available quantities of aluminum cans in general, and in particular, in certain package 
configurations  such  as  the  aluminum  24-ounce  cap  can  and  550ml  aluminum  can  utilizing  BRE 
resealable lids; 
limitations  on  co-packing  availability,  particularly  for  retort  production  as  well  for  550ml  products 
utilizing BRE resealable lids; 
the long-term impact of Brexit on our business in Europe and the United Kingdom; and 
the  imposition  of  additional  regulation,  including  regulation  restricting  the  sale  of  energy  drinks, 
limiting  caffeine  content  in  beverages,  requiring  product  labeling  and/or  warnings,  imposing  excise 
taxes and/or sales taxes, and/or limiting product size and/or age restrictions. 

 
 

 

See “Part I, Item 1A – Risk Factors” for additional information about risks and uncertainties facing our 
Company. 

We believe that the following opportunities exist for us: 

  domestic and international growth potential of our products; 
  growth potential of the energy drink category, both domestically and internationally; 
  planned and future new product and product line introductions with the objective of increasing sales 

and/or contributing to higher profitability; 
the introduction of new package formats designed to generate strong revenue growth; 

 
  package, pricing and channel opportunities to increase profitable growth; 
 
  broadening distribution/expansion opportunities in both domestic and international markets; 
 

effective strategic positioning to capitalize on industry growth; 

launching  and/or  relaunching  our  products  and  new  products  into  new  domestic  and  international 
markets and channels; and 
continued focus on reducing our cost base. 

 

47 

Results of Operations 

The  following  table  sets  forth  key  statistics  for  the years  ended  December 31,  2020,  2019  and  2018, 

respectively. 

(In thousands, except per share amounts) 

Net sales1 
Cost of sales 
Gross profit*1 
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales 

2020 

2019 

2018 

  $ 4,598,638   $ 4,200,819   $ 3,807,183  
   1,682,234      1,511,808  
   2,518,585      2,295,375  
60.3%  

   1,874,758  
   2,723,880  
59.2%  

60.0%     

      Percentage   Percentage 
  Change    Change 
  20 vs. 19    19 vs. 18 
10.3% 
11.3% 
9.7% 

9.5%  
11.4%  
8.2%  

Operating expenses2 
Operating expenses as a percentage of net sales 

   1,090,727  
23.7%  

   1,115,646      1,011,756  
26.6%  

26.6%     

(2.2)%  

10.3% 

Operating income1,2 
Operating income as a percentage of net sales 

   1,633,153  
35.5%  

   1,402,939      1,283,619  
33.7%  

33.4%     

16.4%  

9.3% 

Other (expense) income, net 

 (6,996) 

 13,023     

 9,653  

(153.7)%  

34.9% 

Income before provision for income taxes1,2 

   1,626,157  

   1,415,962      1,293,272  

14.8%  

9.5% 

Provision for income taxes 

 216,563  

 308,127     

 300,268  

(29.7)%  

2.6% 

Income taxes as a percentage of income before taxes 

13.3%  

21.8%     

23.2%  

Net income1,2 
Net income as a percentage of net sales 

Net income per common share: 

Basic 
Diluted 

  $ 1,409,594   $ 1,107,835   $  993,004  
26.1%  

26.4%     

30.7%  

27.2%  

11.6% 

  $
  $

 2.66   $
 2.64   $

 2.04   $
 2.03   $

 1.78  
 1.76  

30.3%  
30.0%  

14.6% 
15.2% 

Case sales (in thousands) (in 192‑ounce case equivalents)   

 504,821  

 448,770     

 410,886  

12.5%  

9.2% 

¹ Includes $42.1 million, $46.3 million and $44.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, related to the 
recognition of deferred revenue. 

2 Includes $0.2 million, $11.3 million and $26.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, related to 
distributor termination costs. 

*Gross profit may not be comparable to that of other entities since some entities include all costs associated with their distribution process 
in cost of sales, whereas others exclude certain costs and instead include such costs within another line item such as operating expenses. We 
include out-bound freight and warehouse costs in operating expenses rather than in cost of sales. 

Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2020 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2019. 

Net Sales. Net sales were $4.60 billion for the year ended December 31, 2020, an increase of approximately 
$397.8 million, or 9.5% higher than net sales of $4.20 billion for the year ended December 31, 2019. The COVID-
19 pandemic had an adverse impact on net sales for the year ended December 31, 2020. Net sales for the year ended 
December  31,  2020  were  negatively  impacted  by  $15.2  million  related  to  the  Product  Returns.  Net  changes  in 
foreign currency exchange rates had an unfavorable impact on net sales of approximately $48.2 million for the year 
ended December 31, 2020. 

Net sales for the Monster Energy® Drinks segment were $4.31 billion for the year ended December 31, 
2020, an increase of  approximately $401.2 million, or 10.3% higher than net sales of $3.90 billion for the year 
ended December 31, 2019. Net sales for the Monster Energy® Drinks segment increased primarily due to increased 

48 

     
     
 
        
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
  
  
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
  
  
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
  
 
  
       
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
  
  
 
worldwide sales by volume of our Monster Energy® brand energy drinks and increased sales by volume for our 
Reign  Total Body  Fuel® high performance  energy  drinks,  both as a  result  of  increased  consumer  demand.  The 
COVID-19  pandemic  had  an  adverse  impact  on  net  sales  of  the  Monster  Energy®  Drinks  segment  for  the  year 
ended December 31, 2020.  Net sales for the Monster Energy® Drinks segment for the year ended December 31, 
2020 were negatively impacted by $15.2 million related to the Product Returns. Net changes in foreign currency 
exchange rates had an unfavorable impact on net sales for the Monster Energy® Drinks segment of approximately 
$44.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020.  

Net sales for the Strategic Brands segment were $266.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, a 
decrease of approximately $8.6 million, or 3.1% lower than net sales of $274.9 million for the year ended December 
31, 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic had a material adverse impact on net sales of the Strategic Brands segment for 
the year ended December 31, 2020. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic was more pronounced in the Strategic 
Brand segment, particularly in EMEA, as our largest revenue generating countries for this segment experienced 
extended lockdowns. Net changes in foreign currency exchange rates had an unfavorable impact on net sales for 
the Strategic Brands segment of approximately $4.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. 

Net sales for the Other segment were $27.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, an increase of 
approximately $5.2 million, or 23.7% higher than net sales of $21.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.  

Case sales, in 192-ounce case equivalents, were 504.8 million cases for the year ended December 31, 2020, 
an increase of approximately 56.1 million cases or 12.5% higher than case sales of 448.8 million cases for the year 
ended December 31, 2019. The overall average net sales per case (excluding net sales of AFF Third-Party Products 
of $27.0 million and $21.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, as these sales do 
not have unit case equivalents) decreased to $9.06 for the year ended December 31, 2020, which was 2.8% lower 
than the average net sales per case of $9.31 for the year ended December 31, 2019.   

Gross  Profit.    Gross  profit  was  $2.72  billion  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  an  increase  of 
approximately $205.3 million, or 8.2% higher than the gross profit of $2.52 billion for the year ended December 
31, 2019. The increase in gross profit dollars was primarily the result of the $401.2 million increase in net sales of 
our Monster Energy® Drinks segment for the year ended December 31, 2020. 

Gross profit as a percentage of net sales decreased to 59.2% for the year ended December 31, 2020 from 
60.0% for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the year 
ended  December  31,  2020  was  primarily  the  result  of  the  impact  of  the  Product  Returns,  associated  inventory 
provisions  and  other  related  costs  as  well  as  geographical  sales  mix.  Gross  profit  as  a  percentage  of  net  sales 
(excluding the Product Returns, associated inventory provisions and other related costs) was 59.6% for the year 
ended December 31, 2020. 

Operating Expenses.  Total operating expenses were $1.09 billion for the year ended December 31, 2020, 
a decrease of approximately $24.9 million, or 2.2% lower than total operating expenses of $1.12 billion for the year 
ended  December  31,  2019.  The  decrease  in  operating  expenses  was  primarily  due  to  decreased  expenditures  of 
$46.7  million  for  sponsorship  and  endorsements,  decreased  expenditures  of  $27.7  million  for  travel  and 
entertainment, each largely as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, decreased expenditures of $14.7 million 
for legal settlements and decreased expenditures of $11.1 million related to the costs associated with distributor 
terminations. The costs for certain postponed or rescheduled events have been, or may be, deferred to future periods. 
Due to the uncertainty surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, we are unable to estimate in what future periods, if 
any, such deferred sponsorship and endorsement costs will be recognized. Provision for legal settlements for the 
year ended December 31, 2020 was lower by $14.7 million than in the comparable 2019 period. The decrease in 
operating expenses was partially offset by increased payroll expenses of $43.1 million (of which $6.9 million was 
related to an increase in stock-based compensation), increased expenditures of $25.3 million for social media and 
digital marketing, and increased out-bound freight and warehouse costs of $21.7 million. 

Operating Income.  Operating income was $1.63 billion for the year ended December 31, 2020, an increase 
of  approximately  $230.2  million,  or  16.4%  higher  than  operating  income  of  $1.40  billion  for  the  year  ended 
December  31,  2019.  Operating  income  as  a  percentage  of  net  sales  was  35.5%  and  33.4%  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Operating income was $270.8 million and $229.2 million 

49 

for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, in connection with our operations in Europe, Middle 
East and Africa (“EMEA”), Asia Pacific and South America.   

Operating  income  for  the  Monster  Energy®  Drinks  segment,  exclusive  of  corporate  and  unallocated 
expenses, was $1.82 billion for the year ended December 31, 2020, an increase of approximately $254.4 million, or 
16.2%  higher  than  operating  income  of  $1.57  billion  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019.  The  increase  in 
operating income for the Monster Energy® Drinks segment was primarily the result of the $401.2 million increase 
in net sales of our Monster Energy® Drinks segment for the year ended December 31, 2020.   

Operating income for the Strategic Brands segment, exclusive of corporate and unallocated expenses, was 
$155.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, a decrease of approximately $9.0 million, or 5.5% lower 
than operating income of $164.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.  

Operating income for the Other segment, exclusive of corporate and unallocated expenses, was $5.9 million 
for the year ended December 31, 2020, an increase of approximately $2.3 million, or 62.3% higher than operating 
income of $3.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

Other (Expense) Income, net.  Other non-operating (expense) income, net, was $(7.0) million for the year 
ended December 31, 2020, as compared to other non-operating (expense) income, net, of $13.0 million for the year 
ended December 31, 2019. Foreign currency transaction losses were $11.2 million and $4.1 million for the years 
ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Interest income was $8.1 million and $17.8 million for the years 
ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. 

Provision for Income Taxes.  Provision for income taxes was $216.6 million for the year ended December 
31, 2020, a decrease of $91.6 million, or 29.7% lower than the provision for income taxes of $308.1 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2019. The effective combined federal, state and foreign tax rate decreased to 13.3% from 
21.8% for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate was 
primarily attributable to a non-recurring tax benefit of approximately $165.1 million due to an intra-entity transfer 
of intangible assets between certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries which resulted in a step-up of the tax-
deductible basis in the transferred assets in a foreign jurisdiction, and created a temporary difference between the 
tax basis and the book basis for such intangible assets.  The decrease in the effective tax rate was partially offset by 
the decrease in the equity compensation deduction.  

Net Income.  Net income was $1.41 billion for the year ended December 31, 2020, an increase of $301.8 
million, or 27.2% higher than net income of $1.11 billion for the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase in 
net income was primarily due to the $205.3 million increase in gross profit, the decrease in the provision for income 
taxes of $91.6 million and the decrease in operating expenses of $24.9 million.  

Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2019 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2018. 

Net Sales. Net sales were $4.20 billion for the year ended December 31, 2019, an increase of approximately 
$393.6 million, or 10.3% higher than net sales of $3.81 billion for the year ended December 31, 2018. Net sales for 
the year ended December 31, 2019 were positively impacted by approximately $101.9 million as a result of a price 
increase  effective  from  November  1,  2018  in  the  United  States  (“the  U.S.  Price  Increase”)  and  effective  from 
February 1, 2019 in Canada (the “Canada Price Increase”), on certain of our Monster Energy® brand energy drinks. 
Net changes in foreign currency exchange rates had an unfavorable impact on net sales of approximately $69.2 
million for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

Net sales for the Monster Energy® Drinks segment were $3.90 billion for the year ended December 31, 
2019, an increase of  approximately $405.6 million, or 11.6% higher than net sales of $3.50 billion for the year 
ended December 31, 2018. Net sales for the Monster Energy® Drinks segment increased primarily due to (i) sales 
of our Reign Total Body Fuel® high performance energy drinks, introduced in the first quarter of 2019, (ii) the 
price  increases  described  above,  and  (iii)  increased  worldwide  sales  by  volume  of  our  Monster  Energy®  brand 
energy drinks as a result of increased consumer demand. Net changes in foreign currency exchange rates had an 
unfavorable impact on net sales for the Monster Energy® Drinks segment of approximately $59.6 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2019.  

50 

Net sales for the Strategic Brands segment were $274.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, a 
decrease  of  approximately  $10.9  million,  or  3.8%  lower  than  net  sales  of  $285.8  million  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2018. Net changes in foreign currency exchange rates had an unfavorable impact on net sales for the 
Strategic Brands segment of approximately $9.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

Net sales for the Other segment were $21.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, a decrease of 
approximately $1.1 million, or 4.6% lower than net sales of $22.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.  

Case sales, in 192-ounce case equivalents, were 448.8 million cases for the year ended December 31, 2019, 
an increase of approximately 37.9 million cases or 9.2% higher than case sales of 410.9 million cases for the year 
ended December 31, 2018. The overall average net sales per case (excluding net sales of AFF Third-Party Products 
of $21.9 million and $22.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, as these sales do 
not have unit case equivalents) increased to $9.31 for the year ended December 31, 2019, which was 1.1% higher 
than the average net sales per case of $9.21 for the year ended December 31, 2018.  The increase in the average net 
sales per case was primarily attributable to a price increase effective from November 1, 2018 in the United States 
and effective from February 1, 2019 in Canada, on certain of our Monster Energy® brand energy drinks. 

Gross  Profit.    Gross  profit  was  $2.52  billion  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019,  an  increase  of 
approximately $223.2 million, or 9.7% higher than the gross profit of $2.30 billion for the year ended December 
31, 2018. The increase in gross profit dollars was primarily the result of the $405.6 million increase in net sales of 
our Monster Energy® Drinks segment for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

Gross profit as a percentage of net sales decreased to 60.0% for the year ended December 31, 2019 from 
60.3% for the year ended December 31, 2018. The decrease for the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily 
the result of geographical and product sales mix. Such decrease was partially offset by the sales price increases 
discussed above. 

Operating Expenses.  Total operating expenses were $1.12 billion for the year ended December 31, 2019, 
an increase of approximately $103.9 million, or 10.3% higher than total operating expenses of $1.01 billion for the 
year ended December 31, 2018. The increase in operating expenses was primarily due to increased payroll expenses 
of  $36.0  million  (of  which  $6.2  million  was  related  to  an  increase  in  stock-based  compensation),  increased 
expenditures  of  $25.1  million  for  professional  service  fees,  including  legal  and  accounting  costs,  increased 
expenditures of $13.4 million for sponsorships and endorsements, and increased expenditures of $19.1 million in 
other marketing expenses. The increase  in operating expenses was partially offset by decreased expenditures of 
$15.4 million related to the costs associated with distributor terminations. Operating expenses for the year ended 
December 31, 2019 included a $15.5 million provision in connection with an intellectual property claim brought by 
the  descendants  of  Hubert  Hansen  in  relation  to  the  Company’s  use  of  the  Hubert  Hansen  name  prior  to  the 
transaction with TCCC, that closed in 2015. 

Operating Income.  Operating income was $1.40 billion for the year ended December 31, 2019, an increase 
of  approximately  $119.3  million,  or  9.3%  higher  than  operating  income  of  $1.28  billion  for  the  year  ended 
December  31,  2018.  Operating  income  as  a  percentage  of  net  sales  was  33.4%  and  33.7%  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Operating income was $229.2 million and $180.8 million 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, in connection with our operations in Europe, Middle 
East and Africa (“EMEA”), Asia Pacific and South America.   

Operating  income  for  the  Monster  Energy®  Drinks  segment,  exclusive  of  corporate  and  unallocated 
expenses, was $1.57 billion for the year ended December 31, 2019, an increase of approximately $195.0 million, or 
14.2%  higher  than  operating  income  of  $1.37  billion  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018.  The  increase  in 
operating income for the Monster Energy® Drinks segment was primarily the result of the $405.6 million increase 
in net sales of our Monster Energy® Drinks segment for the year ended December 31, 2019.   

Operating income for the Strategic Brands segment, exclusive of corporate and unallocated expenses, was 
$164.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, a decrease of approximately $12.5 million, or 7.1% lower 
than operating income of $176.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.  

51 

Operating income for the Other segment, exclusive of corporate and unallocated expenses, was $3.7 million 
for the year ended December 31, 2019, a decrease of approximately $1.7 million, or 31.9% lower than operating 
income of $5.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. 

Other Income, net.  Other non-operating income, net, was $13.0 million for the year ended December 31, 
2019,  as  compared  to  other  non-operating  income,  net,  of  $9.7  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018. 
Foreign currency transaction losses were $4.1 million and $4.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 
2018, respectively. Interest income was $17.8 million and $13.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 
and 2018, respectively. 

Provision for Income Taxes.  Provision for income taxes was $308.1 million for the year ended December 
31, 2019, an increase of $7.9 million, or 2.6% higher than the provision for income taxes of $300.3 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2018. The effective combined federal, state and foreign tax rate decreased to 21.8% from 
23.2%  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  respectively.  The  decrease  in  effective  tax  rate  was 
primarily attributable to an increase in equity compensation deductions.  The decrease in the effective tax rate was 
partially offset by increased income taxes in certain foreign jurisdictions.  

Net Income.  Net income was $1.11 billion for the year ended December 31, 2019, an increase of $114.8 
million, or 11.6% higher than net income of $993.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. The increase in 
net income was primarily due to the $223.2 million increase in gross profit. The increase in net income was partially 
offset by the increase in operating expenses of $103.9 million and an increase in the provision for income taxes of 
$7.9 million. 

Key Business Metrics 

We use certain key metrics and financial measures not prepared in accordance with United States Generally 
Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) to evaluate and manage our business.  For a further discussion of how 
we use key metrics and certain non-GAAP financial measures, see “Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Key 
Metrics”. 

Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Key Metrics 

Year Ended December 31, 2020 compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2019. 

Gross Billings**. Gross Billings were $5.33 billion for the year ended December 31, 2020, an increase of 
approximately $507.3 million, or 10.5% higher than gross billings of $4.82 billion for the year ended December 31, 
2019. The COVID-19 pandemic had an adverse impact on gross billings for the year ended December 31, 2020. 
Gross  billings  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  were  negatively  impacted  by  $15.2  million  related  to  the 
Product Returns. Net changes in foreign currency exchange rates had an unfavorable impact on gross billings of 
approximately $50.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. 

Gross billings for the Monster Energy® Drinks segment were $4.99 billion for the year ended December 
31, 2020, an increase of approximately $509.4 million, or 11.4% higher than gross billings of $4.49 billion for the 
year ended December 31, 2019. Gross billings for the Monster Energy® Drinks segment increased primarily due 
to increased worldwide sales by volume of our Monster Energy® brand energy drinks and increased sales by volume 
for our Reign Total Body Fuel® high performance energy drinks, both as a result of increased consumer demand. 
The COVID-19 pandemic had an adverse impact on gross billings of the Monster Energy® Drinks segment for the 
year  ended  December  31,  2020.    Gross  billings  for  the  Monster  Energy®  Drinks  segment  for  the  year  ended 
December  31,  2020  were  negatively  impacted  by  $15.2  million  related  to  the  Product  Returns.  Net  changes  in 
foreign  currency  exchange  rates  had  an  unfavorable  impact  on  gross  billings  for  the  Monster  Energy®  Drinks 
segment of approximately $45.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2020.  

Gross billings for the Strategic Brands segment were $305.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, 
a decrease of approximately $7.3 million, or 2.3% lower than gross billings of $312.7 million for the year ended 
December  31,  2019.  The COVID-19  pandemic  had  a  material  adverse  impact  on  gross  billings  of  the  Strategic 
Brands  segment  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020.  The  impact  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic  was  more 

52 

 
pronounced in the Strategic Brands segment, particularly in EMEA, as our largest revenue generating countries for 
this segment experienced extended lockdowns. Net changes in foreign currency exchange rates had an unfavorable 
impact  on  gross  billings  for  the  Strategic  Brands  segment  of  approximately  $4.2  million  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2020. 

Gross billings for the Other segment were $27.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, an increase 
of approximately $5.2 million, or 23.7% higher than gross billings of $21.9 million for the year ended December 
31, 2019.  

Promotional allowances, commissions and other expenses***. Promotional allowances, commissions and 
other expenses, as described in the footnote below, were $772.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, an 
increase  of  $105.3  million,  or  15.8%  higher  than  promotional  allowances,  commissions  and  other  expenses  of 
$666.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Promotional allowances, commissions and other expenses 
as a percentage of gross billings increased to 14.5% from 13.8% for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, 
respectively. 

Amounts  received  from  certain  bottlers/distributors  at  inception  of  their  distribution  contracts  or  at  the 
inception of certain sales/marketing programs are accounted for as deferred revenue and are recognized as revenue 
ratably over the anticipated life of the respective distribution contract, generally 20 years, or through completion of 
the  sales/marketing  program.  Revenue  recognized  was  $42.1  million  and  $46.3  million  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. 

Year Ended December 31, 2019 compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2018. 

Gross Billings.  Gross billings were $4.82 billion for the year ended December 31, 2019, an increase of 
approximately $436.1 million, or 9.9% higher than gross billings of $4.39 billion for the year ended December 31, 
2018.  Gross  billings  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019  were  positively  impacted  by  approximately  $101.9 
million as a result of the U.S. Price Increase and the Canada Price Increase, on certain of our Monster Energy® 
brand energy drinks. Net changes in foreign currency exchange rates had an unfavorable impact on gross billings 
of approximately $82.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.  

Gross billings for the Monster Energy® Drinks segment were $4.49 billion for the year ended December 
31, 2019, an increase of approximately $451.6 million, or 11.2% higher than gross billings of $4.04 billion for the 
year ended December 31, 2018. Gross billings for the Monster Energy® Drinks segment increased primarily due 
to (i) sales of our Reign Total Body Fuel® high performance energy drinks, introduced in the first quarter of 2019, 
(ii) the price increases described above, and (iii) increased sales by volume of our Monster Energy® brand energy 
drinks  as  a  result  of  increased  domestic  and  international  consumer  demand.  Net  changes  in  foreign  currency 
exchange  rates  had  an  unfavorable  impact  on  gross  billings  for  the  Monster  Energy®  Drinks  segment  of 
approximately $72.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

Gross billings for the Strategic Brands segment were $312.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, 
a decrease of $14.4 million, or 4.4% lower than gross billings of $327.1 million for the year ended December 31, 
2018. Net changes in foreign currency exchange rates had an unfavorable impact on gross billings in the Strategic 
Brands segment of approximately $9.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

Gross billings for the Other segment were $21.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, a decrease 

of $1.1 million, or 4.6% lower than gross billings of $22.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.  

Promotional  allowances,  commissions  and  other  expenses.  Promotional  allowances,  commissions  and 
other expenses, as described in the footnote below, were $666.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, an 
increase of $44.5 million, or 7.2% higher than promotional allowances, commissions and other expenses of $622.3 
million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018.  Promotional  allowances,  commissions  and  other  expenses  as  a 
percentage of gross billings decreased to 13.8% from 14.2% for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, 
respectively. 

53 

Amounts  received  from  certain  bottlers/distributors  at  inception  of  their  distribution  contracts  or  at  the 
inception of certain sales/marketing programs are accounted for as deferred revenue and are recognized as revenue 
ratably over the anticipated life of the respective distribution contract, generally 20 years, or through completion of 
the  sales/marketing  program.  Revenue  recognized  was  $46.3  million  and  $44.3  million  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

**Gross Billings (titled Gross Sales in prior filings) represent amounts invoiced to customers net of cash discounts and returns.  Gross 
billings  are  used  internally  by  management  as  an  indicator  of  and  to  monitor  operating  performance,  including  sales  performance  of 
particular  products,  salesperson  performance,  product  growth  or  declines  and  is  useful  to  investors  in  evaluating  overall  Company 
performance. The use of gross billings allows evaluation of sales performance before the effect of any promotional items, which can mask 
certain  performance  issues.  We  therefore  believe  that  the  presentation  of  gross  billings  provides  a  useful  measure  of  our  operating 
performance. The use of gross billings is not a measure that is recognized under GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net 
sales, which is determined in accordance with GAAP, and should not be used alone as an indicator of operating performance in place of net 
sales. Additionally, gross billings may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies, as gross billings has been 
defined  by  our  internal  reporting  practices.  In  addition,  gross  billings  may  not  be  realized  in  the  form  of  cash  receipts  as  promotional 
payments and allowances may be deducted from payments received from certain customers. 

The following table reconciles the non-GAAP financial measure of gross billings with the most directly 

comparable GAAP financial measure of net sales:   

         Percentage   Percentage 

In thousands 

Gross Billings 
Deferred Revenue 
Less: Promotional allowances, 

2020 

2019 
  $ 5,328,683   $ 4,821,411   $4,385,262   
 44,260  

 46,287  

 42,110  

2018 

    Change 
   20 vs. 19   
10.5% 
(9.0%) 

Change 
19 vs. 18 
9.9% 
4.6% 

commissions and other expenses*** 

    (772,155) 

    (666,879) 

    (622,339)   

15.8% 

7.2% 

Net Sales 

  $ 4,598,638   $

4,200,819   $

3,807,183   

9.5% 

10.3% 

***Although  the  expenditures  described  in  this  line  item  are  determined  in  accordance  with  GAAP  and  meet  GAAP  requirements,  the 
presentation thereof does not conform to GAAP presentation requirements. Additionally, our definition of promotional and other allowances 
may not be comparable to similar items presented by other companies. Promotional and other allowances primarily include consideration 
given to our bottlers/distributors or retail customers including, but not limited to the following: (i) discounts granted off list prices to support 
price  promotions  to  end-consumers  by  retailers;  (ii) reimbursements  given  to  our  bottlers/distributors  for  agreed  portions  of  their 
promotional  spend  with  retailers,  including  slotting,  shelf  space  allowances  and  other  fees  for  both  new  and  existing  products;  (iii) our 
agreed share of fees given to bottlers/distributors and/or directly to retailers for advertising, in-store marketing and promotional activities; 
(iv) our  agreed  share  of  slotting,  shelf  space  allowances  and  other  fees  given  directly  to  retailers,  club  stores  and/or  wholesalers; 
(v) incentives given to our bottlers/distributors and/or retailers for achieving or exceeding certain predetermined sales goals; (vi) discounted 
or free products; (vii) contractual fees given to our bottlers/distributors related to sales made by us direct to certain customers that fall within 
the bottlers’/distributors’ sales territories; and (viii) certain commissions paid based on sales to our bottlers/distributors. The presentation 
of  promotional  and  other  allowances  facilitates  an  evaluation  of  their  impact  on  the  determination  of  net  sales  and  the  spending  levels 
incurred or correlated with such sales. Promotional and other allowances constitute a material portion of our marketing activities. Our 
promotional allowance programs with our numerous bottlers/distributors and/or retailers are executed through separate agreements in the 
ordinary course of business. These agreements generally provide for one or more of the arrangements described above and are of varying 
durations, ranging from one week to one year. The primary drivers of our promotional and other allowance activities for the years ended 
December 31,  2020  and  2019  were  (i) to  increase  sales volume and  trial,  (ii) to address  market conditions,  and (iii) to  secure  shelf  and 
display space at retail. 

Sales 

The table set forth below discloses selected quarterly data regarding sales for the past five years. Data from 

any one or more quarters is not necessarily indicative of annual results or continuing trends. 

Sales of beverages are expressed in unit case volume. A “unit case” means a unit of measurement equal to 
192 U.S. fluid ounces of finished beverage (24 eight-ounce servings). Unit case volume means the number of unit 
cases (or unit case equivalents) of finished products or concentrates, as if converted into finished products, sold by 
us. 

54 

 
    
        
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our quarterly results of operations reflect seasonal trends that are primarily the result of increased demand 
in the warmer months of the year. It has been our experience that beverage sales tend to be lower during the first 
and fourth quarters of each calendar year. In addition, our experience with our energy drink products suggests they 
are  less  seasonal  than  the  seasonality  expected  from  traditional  beverages.  Quarterly  fluctuations  may  also  be 
affected by other factors including the introduction of new products, the opening of new markets where temperature 
fluctuations are more pronounced, the addition of new bottlers/distributors and customers, changes in the sales mix 
of  our  products  and  changes  in  and/or  increased  advertising  and  promotional  expenses.  (See  “Part I, Item 1 – 
Business – Seasonality”). 

2020 

2019 

2018 

2017 

2016 

Net Sales (in Thousands) 
Quarter 1 
Quarter 2 
Quarter 3 
Quarter 4 
Total 

  $ 1,062,097   $  945,991   $  850,921   $  742,146   $  680,186 
 827,488 
 787,954 
 753,765 
  $ 4,598,638   $ 4,200,819   $ 3,807,183   $ 3,369,045   $ 3,049,393 

   1,015,873  
   1,016,160  
 924,229  

   1,093,896  
   1,246,362  
   1,196,283  

   1,104,045  
   1,133,577  
   1,017,206  

 907,068  
 909,476  
 810,355  

Less: AFF third party net sales (in Thousands) 
Quarter 1 
Quarter 2 
Quarter 3 
Quarter 4 
Total 

  $

 (5,105)  $
 (6,644) 
 (8,618) 
 (6,671) 

 — 
 (6,635)
 (5,686)
 (4,690)
  $  (27,038)  $  (21,865)  $  (22,920)   $  (21,605)  $  (17,011)

 (4,657)   $
 (6,623)  
 (6,573)  
 (5,067)  

 (5,321)  $
 (5,791) 
 (5,860) 
 (4,893) 

 (5,539)  $
 (6,174) 
 (5,200) 
 (4,692) 

Adjusted Net Sales (in Thousands)¹ 
Quarter 1 
Quarter 2 
Quarter 3 
Quarter 4 
Total 

  $ 1,056,992   $  940,670   $  846,264   $  736,607   $  680,186 
 820,853 
 782,268 
 749,075 
  $ 4,571,600   $ 4,178,954   $ 3,784,263   $ 3,347,440   $ 3,032,382 

   1,009,250  
   1,009,587  
 919,162  

   1,087,252  
   1,237,744  
   1,189,612  

   1,098,254  
   1,127,717  
   1,012,313  

 900,894  
 904,276  
 805,663  

Unit Case Volume / Sales (in Thousands) 
Quarter 1 
Quarter 2 
Quarter 3 
Quarter 4 
Total 

 115,598  
 116,960  
 139,922  
 132,341  
 504,821  

 101,284  
 119,595  
 121,854  
 106,037  
 448,770  

 92,315  
 110,057  
 111,038  
 97,476  
 410,886  

 79,992  
 97,233  
 96,184  
 86,548  
 359,957  

 72,653 
 87,574 
 82,767 
 77,966 
 320,960 

Adjusted Average Net Sales Per Case   
Quarter 1 
Quarter 2 
Quarter 3 
Quarter 4 
Total 

  $

  $

 9.14   $
 9.30  
 8.85  
 8.99  
 9.06   $

 9.29   $
 9.18  
 9.25  
 9.55  
 9.31   $

 9.17   $
 9.17  
 9.09  
 9.43  
 9.21   $

 9.21   $
 9.27  
 9.40  
 9.31  
 9.30   $

 9.36 
 9.37 
 9.45 
 9.61 
 9.45 

1Excludes  Other  segment  net  sales  of  $27.0  million,  $21.9  million,  $22.9  million,  $21.6  million  and  $17.0  million  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, comprised of sales of our AFF Third-Party Products to independent third 
parties as these sales do not have unit case equivalents. 

55 

 
 
    
     
     
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
The following represents case sales by segment for the years ended December 31: 

(In thousands, except average  
net sales per case) 
Net sales 
Less: AFF third-party sales 

2020 

2019 

2018 

2017 

2016 

  $  4,598,638   $  4,200,819   $  3,807,183   $ 3,369,045   $  3,049,393 
 (17,011)

 (27,038) 

 (21,865) 

 (21,605) 

 (22,920) 

Adjusted net sales1 

  $  4,571,600   $ 

4,178,954   $  3,784,263   $ 

3,347,440   $  3,032,382 

Case sales by segment: 

Monster Energy® Drinks 
Strategic Brands 
Other 

Total case sales 
Average net sales per case 

 428,596  
 76,225  
 —  
 504,821  

 377,551  
 71,219  
 —  
 448,770  

 338,880  
 72,006  
 —  
 410,886  

 289,105  
 70,852  
 —  
 359,957  

  $ 

 9.06   $ 

 9.31   $ 

 9.21   $ 

 9.30   $ 

 256,323 
 64,637 
 — 
 320,960 
 9.45 

1Excludes  Other  segment  net  sales  of  $27.0  million,  $21.9  million,  $22.9  million,  $21.6  million  and  $17.0  million  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively, comprised of sales of our AFF Third-Party Products to independent third 
parties as these sales do not have unit case equivalents. 

Inflation 

We do not believe that inflation had a significant impact on our results of operations for the years ended 

December 31, 2020, 2019 or 2018. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

Cash flows provided by operating activities. Cash provided by operating activities was $1.36 billion for 
the year  ended  December 31,  2020,  as  compared  with  cash  provided  by  operating  activities  of  $1.11  billion  for 
the year ended December 31, 2019. 

For the year ended December 31, 2020, cash provided by operating activities was primarily attributable to 
net income earned of $1.41 billion and adjustments for certain non-cash expenses, consisting of $61.0 million of 
depreciation  and  amortization,  $70.3  million  of  stock-based  compensation  and  $8.7  million  of  intangible 
impairments. For the year ended December 31, 2020, cash provided by operating activities also increased due to a 
$30.3 million decrease in inventories, a $26.4 million increase in accrued liabilities, an $18.7 million increase in 
accounts payable, a $13.8 million increase in accrued promotional allowances, a $10.4 million increase in income 
taxes payable, a $7.5 million increase in accrued compensation, a $5.5 million decrease in prepaid income taxes 
and a $1.0 million decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets. For the year ended December 31, 2020, cash used 
in operating activities was primarily attributable to a $156.9 million increase in deferred income taxes, a $120.1 
million increase in accounts receivable and a $21.5 million decrease in deferred revenue. 

For the year ended December 31, 2019, cash provided by operating activities was primarily attributable to 
net income earned of $1.11 billion and adjustments for certain non-cash expenses, consisting of $64.8 million of 
depreciation and amortization and $63.4 million of stock-based compensation. For the year ended December 31, 
2019, cash provided by operating activities also increased due to a $28.8 million increase in accounts payable, a 
$21.9 million increase in accrued promotional allowances, a $9.5 million decrease in prepaid income taxes, an $8.1 
million increase in income taxes payable, a $7.2 million increase in accrued compensation, a $6.5 million decrease 
in distributor receivables and a $1.3 million decrease in deferred income taxes. For the year ended December 31, 
2019, cash used in operating activities was primarily attributable to an $85.2 million increase in inventories, a $66.4 
million increase in accounts receivable, a $24.9 million decrease in deferred revenue, a $14.3 million decrease in 
accrued liabilities and a $13.8 million increase in prepaid expenses and other assets. 

56 

  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
Cash flows used in investing activities. Net cash used in investing activities was $472.5 million for the year 
ended December 31, 2020 as compared to cash used in investing activities of $326.7 million for the year ended 
December 31, 2019.  

For both the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, cash provided by investing activities was primarily 
attributable to sales of available-for-sale investments. For both the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, cash 
used in investing activities was primarily attributable to purchases of available-for-sale investments. For both the 
years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, cash used in investing activities also included the acquisition of fixed 
assets  consisting  of  vans  and  promotional  vehicles,  coolers  and  other  equipment  to  support  our  marketing  and 
promotional activities, production equipment, furniture and fixtures, office and computer equipment, real property, 
computer  software,  equipment  used  for  sales  and  administrative  activities,  certain  leasehold  improvements, 
improvements to real property as well as the acquisition, defense and maintenance of trademarks. We expect to 
continue to use a portion of our cash in excess of our requirements for operations for purchasing short-term and 
long-term investments, leasehold improvements, the acquisition of capital equipment (specifically, vans, trucks and 
promotional vehicles, coolers, other promotional equipment, merchandise displays, warehousing racks as well as 
items of production equipment required to produce certain of our existing and/or new products and to develop our 
brand  in  international  markets)  and  for  other  corporate  purposes.  From  time  to  time,  we  may  also  use  cash  to 
purchase additional real property related to our beverage business and/or acquire compatible businesses. 

Cash flows used in financing activities.  Cash used in financing activities was $526.1 million for the year 
ended December 31, 2020 as compared to cash used in financing activities of $628.5 million for the year ended 
December 31, 2019. The cash flows used in financing activities for both the years ended December 31, 2020 and 
2019  was  primarily  the  result  of  the  repurchases  of  our  common  stock.  The  cash  flows  provided  by  financing 
activities for both the years ended December 31, 2020, and 2019 was primarily attributable to the issuance of our 
common stock.  

Purchases  of  inventories,  increases  in  accounts  receivable  and  other  assets,  acquisition  of  property  and 
equipment (including real property, personal property and coolers), leasehold improvements, advances for or the 
purchase of equipment for our bottlers, acquisition and maintenance of trademarks, payments of accounts payable, 
income taxes payable and purchases of our common stock are expected to remain our principal recurring use of 
cash. 

Cash  and  cash  equivalents,  short-term  and  long-term  investments  –  As  of  December  31,  2020,  we  had 
$1.18 billion in cash and cash equivalents, $881.4 million in short-term investments and $44.3 million in long-term 
investments,  including  certificates  of  deposit,  commercial  paper,  U.S.  government  agency  securities,  U.S. 
treasuries, and to a lesser extent, municipal securities. We maintain our investments for cash management purposes 
and not for purposes of speculation. Our risk management policies emphasize credit quality (primarily based on 
short-term  ratings  by  nationally  recognized  statistical  rating  organizations)  in  selecting  and  maintaining  our 
investments. We regularly assess market risk of our investments and believe our current policies and investment 
practices adequately limit those risks. However, certain of these investments are subject to general credit, liquidity, 
market and interest rate risks. These risks associated with our investment portfolio may have an adverse effect on 
our future results of operations, liquidity and financial condition. 

Of our $1.18 billion of cash and cash equivalents held at December 31, 2020, $677.1 million was held by 
our foreign subsidiaries. No short-term or long-term investments were held by our foreign subsidiaries at December 
31, 2020.  

We  believe  that  cash  available  from  operations,  including  our  cash  resources  and  our  revolving  line  of 
credit,  will  be  sufficient  for  our  working  capital  needs,  including  purchase  commitments  for  raw  materials  and 
inventory, increases in accounts receivable, payments of tax liabilities, expansion and development needs, purchases 
of shares of our common stock, as well as purchases of capital assets, equipment and properties, through at least the 
next  12  months.  Based  on  our  current  plans,  capital  expenditures  (exclusive  of  common  stock  repurchases)  are 
currently estimated to be  approximately $150.0 million through December 31, 2021.  However, future business 
opportunities may cause a change in this estimate.   

57 

The  following  represents  a  summary  of  the  Company’s  contractual  commitments  and  related  scheduled 

maturities as of December 31, 2020: 

Obligations 

Total 

Payments due by period (in thousands) 
1‑3  
years 

     Less than     
1 year 

3‑5  
years 

     More than 

5 years 

Contractual Obligations¹ 
Finance Leases 
Operating Leases 
Purchase Commitments² 

  $  129,255   $   97,979   $   31,223   $ 

 828  
 24,393  
    101,815  

 803  
 3,785  
    101,815  
  $  256,291   $  204,382   $   36,763   $ 

 22  
 5,518  
 —  

 53   $ 
 3  
 3,502  
 —  

 — 
 — 
 11,588 
 — 
 3,558   $   11,588 

1 Contractual obligations include our obligations related to sponsorships and other commitments. 

2 Purchase commitments include obligations made by us and our subsidiaries to various suppliers for raw materials used in the production of 
our products. These obligations vary in terms, but are generally satisfied within one year. 

In addition, approximately $0.7 million of unrecognized tax benefits have been recorded as liabilities as of 
December 31, 2020. It is expected that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will not significantly change within 
the next 12 months. As of December  31, 2020, we had $0.1 million of accrued interest and penalties related to 
unrecognized tax benefits. 

Accounting Policies and Pronouncements 

Critical Accounting Policies 

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP.  GAAP requires us to make 
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in our consolidated financial statements. The following 
summarizes our most significant accounting and reporting policies and practices: 

Business Combinations – Business acquisitions are accounted for in accordance with Financial Accounting 
Standards  Board  (“FASB”)  Accounting  Standards  Codification  (“ASC”)  805  “Business  Combinations”.    FASB 
ASC 805 requires the reporting entity to identify the acquirer, determine the acquisition date, recognize and measure 
the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any non-controlling interest in 
the acquired entity, and recognize and measure goodwill or a gain from the purchase. The acquiree’s results are 
included  in  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  from  the  date  of  acquisition.  Assets  acquired  and 
liabilities assumed are recorded at their fair values and the excess of the purchase price over the amounts assigned 
is  recorded  as  goodwill.  Adjustments  to  fair  value  assessments  are  recorded  to  goodwill  over  the  measurement 
period (not longer than twelve months). The acquisition method also requires that acquisition-related transaction 
and post-acquisition restructuring costs be charged to expense and requires the Company to recognize and measure 
certain assets and liabilities including those arising from contingencies and contingent consideration in a business 
combination. 

Cash  and  Cash  Equivalents –  The  Company  considers  all  highly  liquid  investments  with  an  original 
maturity of three months or less from date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Throughout the year, the Company 
has had amounts on deposit at financial institutions that exceed the federally insured limits. The Company has not 
experienced any loss as a result of these deposits and does not expect to incur any losses in the future. 

Investments –  The  Company’s  investments  in  debt  securities  are  classified  as  either  held-to-maturity, 
available-for-sale or trading, in accordance with FASB ASC 320. Held-to-maturity securities are those securities 
that the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold until maturity. Trading securities are those securities 
that the Company intends to sell in the near term. All other securities not included in the held-to-maturity or trading 
category  are  classified  as  available-for-sale.  Held-to-maturity  securities  are  recorded  at  amortized  cost  which 

58 

 
 
 
     
 
     
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
approximates fair market value. Trading securities are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses charged 
to earnings. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded within 
accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. FASB ASC 820 
defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly 
transaction  between  market  participants  at  the  measurement  date.  FASB  ASC  820  also  establishes  a  fair  value 
hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs, where available. Under FASB ASC 
326-30-35, a security is considered to be impaired if the fair value of the security is less than its amortized cost 
basis. Where the decline in fair value below the amortized cost basis has resulted from a credit loss, the Company 
will record an impairment relating to credit losses through an allowance for credit losses. The allowance is limited 
by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Impairment that has not been recorded through 
an allowance for credit losses is recorded through other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable taxes. The 
Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value of its investments has resulted from credit loss or other factors 
at each quarter-end. This evaluation consists of a review by management, and includes market pricing information 
and maturity dates for the securities held, market and economic trends in the industry and information on the issuer’s 
financial  condition  and,  if  applicable,  information  on  the  guarantors’  financial  condition.  Factors  considered  in 
determining whether an impairment has resulted from credit loss or other factors include the length of time and 
extent to which the investment’s fair value has been less than its cost basis, the financial condition and near-term 
prospects of the issuer  and guarantors, including any specific events which may influence the operations of the 
issuer and our intent and ability to retain the investment for a reasonable period of time sufficient to allow for any 
anticipated recovery of fair value. 

Accounts Receivable – The Company evaluates the collectability of its trade accounts receivable based on 
a number of factors. In circumstances where the Company becomes aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet 
its financial obligations to the Company, a specific reserve for bad debts is estimated and recorded, which reduces 
the recognized receivable to the estimated amount the Company believes will ultimately be collected. In addition 
to specific customer identification of potential bad debts, bad debt charges are recorded based on the Company’s 
recent loss history and an overall assessment of past due trade accounts receivable outstanding. In accordance with 
FASB ASC 210-20-45, in its consolidated balance sheets, the Company has presented accounts receivable, net of 
promotional allowances, only for those customers that it allows net settlement. All other accounts receivable and 
related promotional allowances are shown on a gross basis. 

Inventories – Inventories are valued at the lower of first-in, first-out, cost or market value (net realizable 

value). 

Property and Equipment – Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation of furniture and fixtures, 
office and computer equipment, computer software, equipment, and vehicles is based on their estimated useful lives 
(three to ten years) and is calculated using the straight-line method. Amortization of leasehold improvements  is 
based  on  the  lesser  of  their  estimated  useful  lives  or  the  terms  of  the  related  leases  and  is  calculated  using  the 
straight-line method. Normal repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Expenditures that materially 
increase values or extend useful lives are capitalized. The related costs and accumulated depreciation of disposed 
assets are eliminated and any resulting gain or loss on disposition is included in net income. 

Goodwill – The Company records goodwill when the consideration paid for an acquisition exceeds the fair 
value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired, including related tax effects. Goodwill is not amortized; instead 
goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if the Company believes indicators of 
impairment exist. The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not 
that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If the Company reasonably determines that it is 
more-likely-than-not that the fair value is less than the carrying value, the Company performs its annual, or interim, 
goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. The Company 
will recognize an impairment for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds a reporting unit’s fair value. 
For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2020,  2019  and  2018  there  were  no  impairments  recorded  and  there  are  no 
accumulated impairment balances. 

59 

Other Intangibles – Other Intangibles are comprised of trademarks that represent the Company’s exclusive 
ownership of the Monster Energy®,  ®, Monster Energy Ultra®, Unleash the Beast!®, Monster Rehab®, Java 
Monster®,  Monster  Hydro®,  Monster  HydroSport  Super  Fuel®,  Monster  Super  Fuel®,  Espresso  Monster®, 
Monster Energy Extra Strength Nitrous Technology®, Muscle Monster®, Punch Monster®, Juice Monster®, Reign 
Total Body Fuel®, Reign Inferno®, M3(stylized)®, BU®, Nalu®, NOS®, Full Throttle®, Burn®, Mother®, Ultra 
Energy®,  Play®  and  Power  Play®  (stylized),  Gladiator®,  Relentless®,  Samurai®,  Predator®  and  BPM® 
trademarks, all used in connection with the manufacture, sale and distribution of beverages. The Company also 
owns in its own right a number of other trademarks, flavors and formulas in the United States, as well as in a number 
of  countries  around  the  world.  In  addition,  in  2016  through  our  acquisition  of  AFF,  we  secured  the  intellectual 
property of our most important flavors for certain of our Monster Energy® Brand energy drinks in perpetuity. In 
accordance with FASB ASC 350, intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized but instead are measured 
for  impairment  at  least  annually,  or  when  events  indicate  that  an  impairment  exists.  The  Company  calculates 
impairment as the excess of the carrying value of its indefinite-lived assets over their estimated fair value. If the 
carrying value exceeds the estimate of fair value a write-down is recorded. The Company amortizes its intangibles 
with finite useful lives over their respective useful lives. For the year ended December 31, 2020, an impairment 
charge  of  $8.7  million  was  recorded  to  intangibles.  For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2019  and  2018  no 
impairments were recorded. 

Long-Lived Assets – Management regularly reviews property and equipment and other long-lived assets, 
including certain definite-lived intangible assets, for possible impairment. This review occurs annually, or more 
frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. 
If there is indication of impairment, management then prepares an estimate of future cash flows (undiscounted and 
without interest charges) expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. If these cash flows 
are  less  than  the  carrying  amount  of  the  asset,  an  impairment  loss  is  recognized  to  write  down  the  asset  to  its 
estimated fair value. The fair value is estimated using the present value of the future cash flows discounted at a rate 
commensurate with management’s estimates of the business risks. Preparation of estimated expected future cash 
flows  is  inherently  subjective  and  is  based  on  management’s  best  estimate  of  assumptions  concerning  expected 
future conditions. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, there were no impairment indicators 
identified. Long-lived assets held for sale are recorded at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less cost 
to sell. 

Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions – The accounts of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are 
translated in accordance with FASB ASC 830. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recognized in other 
income, net, at the time they occur. Net foreign currency exchange gains or losses resulting from the translation of 
assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar are recorded as a part 
of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity. Unrealized foreign currency exchange 
gains and losses on certain intercompany transactions that are of a long-term investment nature (i.e., settlement is 
not planned or anticipated in the foreseeable future) are also recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income 
(loss) in stockholders’ equity. During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, we entered into forward 
currency exchange contracts with financial institutions to create an economic hedge to specifically manage a portion 
of  the  foreign  exchange  risk  exposure  associated  with  certain  consolidated  subsidiaries  non-functional  currency 
denominated assets and liabilities. All foreign currency exchange contracts outstanding as of December 31, 2020 
have terms of three months or less. We do not enter into forward currency exchange contracts for speculation or 
trading purposes. 

Revenue  Recognition –  The  Company’s  Monster  Energy®  Drinks  segment  generates  net  operating 
revenues  by  selling  ready-to-drink  packaged  energy  drinks  primarily  to  bottlers  and  full  service  beverage 
distributors.  In  some  cases,  the  Company  sells  directly  to  retail  grocery  and  specialty  chains,  wholesalers,  club 
stores, mass merchandisers, convenience chains, drug stores, foodservice customers, value retailers, e-commerce 
retailers and the military. 

The  Company’s  Strategic  Brands  segment  primarily  generates  net  operating  revenues  by  selling 
“concentrates”  and/or  “beverage  bases”  to  authorized  bottling  and  canning  operations.  Such  bottlers  generally 
combine the concentrates and/or beverage bases with sweeteners, water and other ingredients to produce ready-to-

60 

drink packaged energy drinks. The ready-to-drink packaged energy drinks are then sold to other bottlers and full 
service  distributors  and  to  retail  grocery  and  specialty  chains,  wholesalers,  club  stores,  mass  merchandisers, 
convenience chains, foodservice customers, drug stores and the military. To a lesser extent, our Strategic Brands 
segment generates net operating revenues by selling certain ready-to-drink packaged energy drinks to bottlers and 
full service beverage distributors. 

The majority of the Company’s revenue is recognized when it satisfies a single performance obligation by 
transferring control of its products to a customer. Control is generally transferred when the Company’s products are 
either shipped or delivered based on the terms contained within the underlying contracts or agreements. Certain of 
the Company’s bottlers/distributors may also perform a separate function as a co-packer on the Company’s behalf. 
In such cases, control of the Company’s products passes to such bottlers/distributors when they notify the Company 
that they have taken possession or transferred the relevant portion of the Company’s finished goods. The Company’s 
general payment terms are short-term in duration. The Company does not have significant financing components 
or payment terms. The Company did not have any material unsatisfied performance obligations as of December 31, 
2020 and December 31, 2019. 

The Company excludes from revenues all taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are imposed on 

the sale of its products and collected from customers. 

Distribution expenses to transport the Company’s products, where applicable, and warehousing expense 

after manufacture are accounted for within operating expenses. 

Promotional and other allowances (variable consideration) recorded as a reduction to net sales, primarily 
include consideration given to the Company’s bottlers/distributors or retail customers including, but not limited to 
the following: 

  discounts granted off list prices to support price promotions to end-consumers by retailers; 
 

reimbursements given to the Company’s bottlers/distributors for agreed portions of their promotional 
spend with retailers, including slotting, shelf space allowances and other fees for both new and existing 
products; 
the  Company’s  agreed  share  of  fees  given  to  bottlers/distributors  and/or  directly  to  retailers  for 
advertising, in-store marketing and promotional activities; 
the Company’s agreed share of slotting, shelf space allowances and other fees given directly to retailers; 
incentives  given  to  the  Company’s  bottlers/distributors  and/or  retailers  for  achieving  or  exceeding 
certain predetermined sales goals; 

 

 
 

  discounted or free products; 
 

contractual  fees  given  to  the  Company’s  bottlers/distributors  related  to  sales  made  directly  by  the 
Company to certain customers that fall within the bottlers’/distributors’ sales territories; and 
commissions paid to TCCC based on our sales to certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of TCCC and/or 
to certain companies accounted for under the equity method by TCCC. 

 

The Company’s promotional allowance programs with its bottlers/distributors and/or retailers are executed 
through  separate  agreements  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business.  These  agreements  generally  provide  for  one  or 
more of the arrangements described above and are of varying durations, ranging from one week to one year. The 
Company’s promotional and other allowances are calculated based on various programs with bottlers/distributors 
and retail customers, and accruals are established during the year for its anticipated liabilities. These accruals are 
based  on  agreed  upon  terms  as  well  as  the  Company’s  historical  experience  with  similar  programs  and  require 
management’s judgment with respect to estimating consumer participation and/or distributor and retail customer 
performance levels. Differences between such estimated expenses and actual expenses for promotional and other 
allowance costs have historically been insignificant and are recognized in earnings in the period such differences 
are determined. 

Amounts  received  pursuant  to  new  and/or  amended  distribution  agreements  entered  into  with  certain 
distributors, relating to the costs associated with terminating the Company’s prior distributors, are accounted for as 
revenue ratably over the anticipated life of the respective distribution agreements, generally 20 years. 

61 

The Company also enters into license agreements that generate revenues associated with third-party sales 
of  non-beverage  products  bearing  our  trademarks  including,  but  not  limited  to,  clothing,  hats,  t-shirts,  jackets, 
helmets and automotive wheels. 

Management believes that adequate provision has been made for cash discounts, returns and spoilage based 

on the Company’s historical experience. 

Cost of Sales – Cost of sales consists of the costs of flavors, concentrates, supplement ingredients and/or 
beverage bases, the costs of raw materials utilized in the manufacture of beverages, co-packing fees, repacking fees, 
in-bound freight charges, as well as internal transfer costs, warehouse expenses incurred prior to the manufacture 
of the Company’s finished products and certain quality control costs. In addition, the Company includes in costs of 
sales certain costs such as depreciation, amortization and payroll costs that relate to the direct manufacture by the 
Company of certain flavors and concentrates. Raw materials account for the largest portion of cost of sales. Raw 
materials include cans, bottles, other containers, flavors, ingredients and packaging materials. 

Operating  Expenses –  Operating  expenses  include  selling  expenses  such  as  distribution  expenses  to 
transport products to customers and warehousing expenses after manufacture, as well as expenses for advertising, 
sampling and in-store demonstration costs, costs for merchandise  displays, point-of-sale materials and premium 
items, sponsorship expenses, other marketing expenses and design expenses. Operating expenses also include such 
costs as payroll costs, travel costs, professional service fees (including legal fees), termination payments made to 
certain of the Company’s prior distributors, depreciation and other general and administrative costs. 

Income Taxes – The Company utilizes the liability method of accounting for income taxes as set forth in 
FASB  ASC  740.  Under  the  liability  method,  deferred  taxes  are  determined  based  on  the  temporary  differences 
between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using tax rates expected to be in effect during 
the years in which the basis differences reverse. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not 
that  some  of  the  deferred  tax  assets  will  not  be  realized.  In  determining  the  need  for  valuation  allowances  the 
Company considers projected future taxable income and the availability of tax planning strategies. If in the future 
the  Company  determines  that  it  would not  be  able  to  realize  its  recorded  deferred  tax  assets,  an  increase  in  the 
valuation allowance would be recorded, decreasing earnings in the period in which such determination is made. 

The Company assesses its income tax positions and records tax benefits for all years subject to examination 
based upon the Company’s evaluation of the facts, circumstances and information available at the reporting date. 
For those tax positions where there is a greater than 50% likelihood that a tax benefit will be sustained, the Company 
has recorded the largest amount of tax benefit that may potentially be realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing 
authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. For those income tax positions where there is less than 
50% likelihood that a tax benefit will be sustained, no tax benefit has been recognized in the financial statements. 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements 

See “Part II, Item 8 – Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note 1 – Organization and Summary 
of  Significant  Accounting  Policies –  Recent  Accounting  Pronouncements”  for  a  full  description  of  recent 
accounting  pronouncements  including  the  respective  expected  dates  of  adoption  and  expected  effects  on  the 
Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity. 

Forward-Looking Statements 

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”) provides a safe harbor for forward-looking 
statements made by or on behalf of the Company. Certain statements made in this report may constitute forward-
looking statements (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E 
of the Exchange Act, as amended) regarding our expectations with respect to revenues, profitability, adequacy of 
funds from operations and our existing credit facility, among other things. All statements containing a projection of 
revenues, income (loss), earnings (loss) per share, capital expenditures, dividends, capital structure or other financial 

62 

items, a statement of management’s plans and objectives for future operations, or a statement of future economic 
performance contained in management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, 
including statements related to new products, volume growth and statements encompassing general optimism about 
future operating results and non-historical information, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the 
Act. Without limiting the foregoing, the words “believes,” “thinks,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “expects,” “estimates,” 
and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. 

Management cautions that these statements are qualified by their terms and/or important factors, many of 
which are outside our control and involve a number of risks, uncertainties and other factors, that could cause actual 
results and events to differ materially from the statements made including, but not limited to, the following: 

  The human and economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the measures taken or that may 
be taken in the future by governments, and consequently, businesses (including the Company and its suppliers, 
bottlers/ distributors, co-packers and other service providers) and the public at large to limit the COVID-19 
pandemic; 

  The  impact  on  consumer  demand  of  the  resurgence  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  resulting  in  a  number  of 
countries, particularly in EMEA, reinstituting lockdowns and other restrictions as well as the impact of possible 
resurgences in other countries; 

  Fluctuations in growth and/or growth rates and/or decline in sales of the domestic and international energy drink 
categories generally, including in the convenience and gas channel (which is our largest channel) and the impact 
on demand for our products resulting from deteriorating economic conditions and/or financial uncertainties due 
to the COVID-19 pandemic; 

  The impact of temporary plant closures, production slowdowns and disruptions in operations experienced by 
our  suppliers,  bottlers/distributors  and/or  co-packers  as  a  result  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  including  any 
material disruptions on the production and distribution of our products; 

  The impact of the reduction in our sponsorship and endorsement activities as well as our sampling activities as 

a result of COVID-19 on our future sales and market share; 

  We  have  extensive  commercial  arrangements  with  TCCC  and,  as  a  result,  our  future  performance  is 

substantially dependent on the success of our relationship with TCCC; 

  The impact of TCCC’s bottlers/distributors distributing Coca-Cola brand energy drinks and possible reductions 
in  the  number  of  our  SKUs  carried  by  such  bottlers/distributors  and/or  such  bottlers/distributors  imposing 
limitations on distributing new product SKUs; 

  Closures of, and continued restrictions on, on-premise retailers and other establishments which sell our products 

as the result of the COVID-19 pandemic; 

  The limitation or reduction by our suppliers, bottlers/distributors and/or co-packers of their activities and/or 

operations during the COVID-19 pandemic; 

  The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our product sampling programs; 
  The effect of TCCC being one of our significant stockholders and the potential divergence of TCCC’s interests 

from those of our other stockholders; 

  Our  ability  to  maintain  relationships  with  TCCC  system  bottlers/distributors  and  manage  their  ongoing 

commitment to focus on our products; 

  Disruption in distribution channels and/or decline in sales due to the termination and/or insolvency of existing 

and/or new domestic and/or international bottlers/distributors; 

  Lack of anticipated demand for our products in domestic and/or international markets; 
  Fluctuations in the inventory levels of our bottlers/distributors, planned or otherwise, and the resultant impact 

on our revenues; 

  Unfavorable regulations, including taxation requirements, age restrictions imposed on the sale, purchase,  or 
consumption  of  our  products,  marketing  restrictions,  product  registration  requirements,  tariffs,  trade 
restrictions, container size limitations and/or ingredient restrictions; 

  The  effect  of  inquiries  from,  and/or  actions  by,  state  attorneys  general,  the  Federal  Trade  Commission  (the 
“FTC”),  the  Food  and  Drug  Administration  (the  “FDA”),  municipalities,  city  attorneys,  other  government 
agencies,  quasi-government  agencies,  government  officials  (including  members  of  U.S.  Congress)  and/or 

63 

analogous central and local agencies and other authorities in the foreign countries in which our products are 
manufactured  and/or  distributed,  into  the  advertising,  marketing,  promotion,  ingredients,  sale  and/or 
consumption  of  our  energy  drink  products,  including  voluntary  and/or  required  changes  to  our  business 
practices; 

  Our ability to comply with laws, regulations and evolving industry standards regarding consumer privacy and 
data  use  and  security,  including  with  respect  to  the  General  Data  Protection  Regulation  and  the  California 
Consumer Privacy Act of 2018; 

  Our  ability  to  achieve  profitability  and/or  repatriate  cash  from  certain  of  our  operations  outside  the  United 

States; 

  Our ability to manage legal and regulatory requirements in foreign jurisdictions, potential difficulties in staffing 
and  managing  foreign  operations  and  potentially  higher  incidence  of  fraud  or  corruption  and credit  risk  of 
foreign customers and/or bottlers/distributors; 

  Changes in U.S. tax laws as a result of any legislation proposed by the new U.S. Presidential Administration or 
U.S. Congress, which may include efforts to change or repeal the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act and the federal 
corporate income tax rate reduction; 

  Our ability to produce our products in international markets in which they are sold, thereby reducing freight 

costs and/or product damages; 

  Our ability to absorb, reduce or pass on to our bottlers/distributors increases in freight costs; 
  Our ability to effectively manage our inventories and/or our accounts receivables; 
  Our  foreign  currency  exchange  rate  risk  with  respect  to  our  sales,  expenses,  profits,  assets  and  liabilities 
denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, which will continue to increase as foreign sales increase; 
  Uncertainties surrounding the long-term impact of the United Kingdom’s departure from the European Union 

(or “Brexit”); 

  Changes in accounting standards may affect our reported profitability; 
 

Implications of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development’s base erosion and profit shifting 
project; 

  Any proceedings which may be brought against us by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), 

the FDA, the FTC or other governmental agencies or bodies; 

  The outcome and/or possibility of future shareholder derivative actions or shareholder securities litigation that 
may be filed against us and/or against certain of our officers and directors, and the possibility of other private 
shareholder litigation; 

  The  outcome  of  product  liability  or  consumer  fraud  litigation  and/or  class  action  litigation  (or  its  analog  in 
foreign  jurisdictions)  regarding  the  safety  of  our  products  and/or  the  ingredients  in  and/or  claims  made  in 
connection with our products and/or alleging false advertising, marketing and/or promotion, and the possibility 
of future product liability and/or class action lawsuits; 

  Exposure to significant liabilities due to litigation, legal or regulatory proceedings; 
 
Intellectual property injunctions; 
  Unfavorable resolution of tax matters; 
  Uncertainty  and  volatility  in  the  domestic  and  global  economies,  including  risk  of  counterparty  default  or 

failure; 

  Our ability to address any significant deficiencies or material weakness in our internal controls over financial 

reporting; 

  Our ability to continue to generate sufficient cash flows to support our expansion plans and general operating 

activities; 

  Decreased  demand  for  our  products  resulting  from  changes  in  consumer  preferences,  including  changes  in 
demand for different packages, sizes and configurations, obesity and other perceived health concerns, including 
concerns  relating  to  certain  ingredients  in  our  products  or  packaging,  product  safety  concerns  and/or  from 
decreased consumer discretionary spending power; 

  Adverse publicity surrounding obesity and health concerns related to our products, product safety and quality, 
water  usage,  environmental  impact  and  sustainability,  human  rights,  our  culture,  workforce  and  labor  and 
workplace laws; 

64 

  Changes in demand that are weather related and/or for other reasons, including changes in product category 
and/or package consumption and changes in cost and availability of certain key ingredients including aluminum 
cans, as well as disruptions to the supply chain, as a result of climate change and extreme weather conditions; 
  The impact of unstable political conditions, civil unrest, large scale terrorist acts, the outbreak or escalation of 
armed hostilities, major natural disasters and extreme weather conditions, or widespread outbreaks of infectious 
diseases (such as the COVID-19 pandemic); 

  The impact on our business of competitive products and pricing pressures and our ability to gain or maintain 
our share of sales in the marketplace as a result of actions by competitors, including unsubstantiated and/or 
misleading claims, false advertising claims and tortious interference, as well as competitors selling misbranded 
products; 

  The impact on our business of trademark and trade dress infringement proceedings brought against us relating 
to our brands, including our Reign Total Body Fuel® high performance energy drinks, which could result in an 
injunction barring us from selling certain of our products and/or require changes to be made to our current trade 
dress; 

  Our ability to introduce new products and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our innovation activities; 
  Our ability to implement and/or maintain price increases; 
  An inability to achieve volume growth through product and packaging initiatives; 
  Our ability to sustain the current level of sales and/or achieve growth for our Monster Energy® brand energy 

drinks and/or our other products, including our Strategic Brands; 

  The impact of criticism of our energy drink products and/or the energy drink market generally and/or legislation 
enacted (whether as a result of such criticism or otherwise) that restricts the marketing or sale of energy drinks 
(including prohibiting the sale of energy drinks at certain establishments or pursuant to certain governmental 
programs), limits caffeine content in beverages, requires certain product labeling disclosures and/or warnings, 
imposes excise and/or sales taxes, limits product sizes and/or imposes age restrictions for the sale of energy 
drinks; 

  Our ability to comply with and/or resulting lower consumer demand and/or lower profit margins for energy 
drinks  due  to  proposed  and/or  future  U.S.  federal,  state  and  local  laws  and  regulations  and/or  proposed  or 
existing laws and regulations in certain foreign jurisdictions and/or any changes therein, including changes in 
taxation requirements (including tax rate changes, new tax laws, new and/or increased excise, sales and/or other 
taxes on our products and revised tax law interpretations) and environmental laws, as well as the Federal Food, 
Drug, and Cosmetic Act and regulations or rules made thereunder or in connection therewith by the FDA, as 
well as changes in any other food, drug or similar laws in the United States and internationally, especially those 
changes that may restrict the sale of energy drinks (including prohibiting the sale of energy drinks at certain 
establishments  or  pursuant  to  certain  governmental  programs),  limit  caffeine  content  in  beverages,  require 
certain product labeling disclosures and/or warnings, impose excise taxes, impose sugar taxes, limit product 
sizes, or impose age restrictions for the sale of energy drinks, as well as laws and regulations or rules made or 
enforced  by  the  Bureau  of  Alcohol,  Tobacco,  Firearms  and  Explosives  and/or  the  FTC  or  their  foreign 
counterparts; 

  Disruptions in the timely import or export of our products and/or ingredients due to port strikes and related 

labor issues; 

  Our ability to satisfy all criteria set forth in any model energy drink guidelines, including, without limitation, 
those  adopted  by  the  American  Beverage  Association,  of  which  we  are  a  member,  and/or  any  international 
beverage associations and the impact of our failure to satisfy such guidelines may have on our business; 
  The effect of unfavorable or adverse public relations, press, articles, comments and/or media attention; 
  Changes in the cost, quality and availability of containers, packaging materials, aluminum cans, the Midwest 
and other premiums, raw materials and other ingredients and juice concentrates, and our ability to obtain and/or 
maintain favorable supply arrangements and relationships and procure timely and/or sufficient production of 
all or any of our products to meet customer demand; 

  Any shortages that may be experienced in the procurement of containers and/or other raw materials including, 
without limitation, aluminum cans generally, PET containers used for our Monster Hydro® energy drinks, 24-
ounce aluminum cap cans and 550ml BRE aluminum cans with resealable ends; 

65 

  The impact on our cost of sales of corporate activity among the limited number of suppliers from whom we 

purchase certain raw materials; 

  Our ability to pass on to our customers all or a portion of any increases in the costs of raw materials, ingredients, 

commodities and/or other cost inputs affecting our business; 

  Our  ability  to  achieve  both  internal  domestic  and  international  forecasts,  which  may  be  based  on  projected 
volumes and sales of many product types and/or new products, certain of which are more profitable than others; 
there can be no assurance that we will achieve projected levels of sales as well as forecasted product and/or 
geographic mixes; 

  Our ability to penetrate new domestic and/or international markets and/or gain approval or mitigate the delay 

in securing approval for the sale of our products in various countries; 

  The effectiveness of sales and/or marketing efforts by us and/or by the bottlers/distributors of our products, 

most of whom distribute products that may be regarded as competitive with our products; 

  Unilateral  decisions  by  bottlers/distributors,  buying  groups,  convenience  chains,  grocery  chains,  mass 
merchandisers,  specialty  chain  stores,  e-commerce  retailers,  e-commerce  websites,  club  stores  and  other 
customers to discontinue carrying all or any of our products that they are carrying at any time, restrict the range 
of  our  products  they  carry,  impose  restrictions  or  limitations  on  the  sale  of  our  products  and/or  devote  less 
resources to the sale of our products; 

  The impact of possible trading disputes between our bottler/distributors and their customers and/or one or more 
buying groups which may result in the delisting of certain of the Company products, temporarily or otherwise; 
  The effects of retailer consolidation on our business and our ability to successfully adapt to the rapidly changing 

retail landscape; 

  Our ability to adapt to the changing retail landscape with the rapid growth in e-commerce retailers; 
  The effects of bottler/distributor consolidation on our business; 
  The costs and/or effectiveness, now or in the future, of our advertising, marketing and promotional strategies; 
  The success of our sports marketing, social media and other general marketing endeavors both domestically 

and internationally; 

  Our ability to successfully adapt to the changing landscape of advertising, marketing, promotional, sponsorship 

and endorsement opportunities created by the COVID-19 pandemic; 

  Unforeseen economic and political changes and local or international catastrophic events; 
  Possible recalls of our products and/or the consequence and costs of defective production; 
  Our ability to make suitable arrangements and/or procure sufficient capacity for the co-packing of any of our 
products  both  domestically  and  internationally,  the  timely  replacement  of  discontinued  co-packing 
arrangements and/or limitations on co-packing availability, including for retort production; 

  Our ability to make suitable arrangements for the timely procurement of non-defective raw materials; 
  Our  inability  to  protect  and/or  the  loss  of  our  intellectual  property  rights  and/or  our  inability  to  use  our 

trademarks, trade names or designs and/or trade dress in certain countries; 

  Volatility  of  stock  prices  which  may  restrict  stock  sales,  stock  purchases  or  other  opportunities  as  well  as 

negatively impact the motivation of equity award grantees; 

  Provisions in our organizational documents and/or control by insiders which may prevent changes in control 

even if such changes would be beneficial to other stockholders; 

  The failure of our bottlers and/or co-packers to manufacture our products on a timely basis or at all; 
  The impact of any reductions in productivity and disruptions to our business routines while most office-based 

employees of the Company are working remotely; 

  Other effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our employees, such as mental health challenges that employees 

may face; 

  Any disruption in and/or lack of effectiveness of our information technology systems, including a breach of 
cyber security, that disrupts our business or negatively impacts customer relationships, as well as cybersecurity 
incidents involving data shared with third parties; and 

  Recruitment and retention of senior management, other key employees and our employee base in general. 

66 

The foregoing list of important factors and other risks detailed from time to time in our reports filed with 
the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  is  not  exhaustive.  See  “Part  I,  Item  1A  –  Risk  Factors,”  for  a  more 
complete discussion of these risks and uncertainties and for other risks and uncertainties. Those factors and the 
other risk factors described therein are not necessarily all of the important factors that could cause actual results or 
developments to differ materially from those expressed in any of our forward-looking statements. Other unknown 
or unpredictable factors also could harm our results. Consequently, our actual results could be materially different 
from  the  results  described  or  anticipated  by  our  forward-looking  statements  due  to  the  inherent  uncertainty  of 
estimates, forecasts and projections, and may be better or worse than anticipated. Given these uncertainties, you 
should  not  rely  on  forward-looking  statements.  Forward-looking  statements  represent  our  estimates  and 
assumptions only as of the date that they were made. We expressly disclaim any duty to provide updates to forward-
looking statements, and the estimates and assumptions associated with them, after the date of this report, in order 
to reflect changes in circumstances or expectations or the occurrence of unanticipated events except to the extent 
required by applicable securities laws. 

ITEM 7A.        QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 

In the normal course of business our financial position is routinely subject to a variety of risks.  The principal 
market risks (i.e., the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices) to which we are exposed 
are fluctuations in commodity and other input prices affecting the costs of our raw materials (including, but not 
limited to, increases in the costs of juice concentrates, increases in the price of aluminum cans, as well as sugar, 
sucralose and other sweeteners, glucose, sucrose, milk, cream, protein, coffee and tea, all of which are used in some 
or many of our products), fluctuations in energy and fuel prices, and limited availability of aluminum cans and 
certain other raw materials. We generally do not use hedging agreements or alternative instruments to manage the 
risks  associated  with  securing  sufficient  ingredients  or  raw  materials.  We  are  also  subject  to  market  risks  with 
respect to the cost of commodities and other inputs because our ability to recover increased costs through higher 
pricing is limited by the competitive environment in which we operate. 

We do not use derivative financial instruments to protect ourselves from fluctuations in interest rates and 

generally do not hedge against fluctuations in commodity prices. 

Our net sales to customers outside of the United States were approximately 33% and 32% of consolidated 
net sales for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Our growth strategy includes expanding 
our international business. As a result, we are subject to risks from changes in foreign currency exchange rates. 
During the year ended December 31, 2020, we entered into forward currency exchange contracts with financial 
institutions to create an economic hedge to specifically manage a portion of the foreign exchange risk exposure 
associated with certain consolidated subsidiaries’ non-functional currency denominated assets and liabilities. All 
foreign currency exchange contracts entered into by us as of December 31, 2020 have terms of three months or less. 
We do not enter into forward currency exchange contracts for speculation or trading purposes. 

We have not designated our foreign currency exchange contracts as hedge transactions under FASB ASC 
815. Therefore, gains and losses on our foreign currency exchange contracts are recognized in other income, net, in 
the consolidated statements of income,  and are largely offset by the changes in the fair value of the underlying 
economically hedged item. We do not consider the potential loss resulting from a hypothetical 10% adverse change 
in quoted foreign currency exchange rates as of December 31, 2020 to be significant. 

As of December 31, 2020, we had $1.18 billion in cash and cash equivalents and $925.6 million in short-
term  and  long-term  investments  including  certificates  of  deposit,  commercial  paper,  U.S.  government  agency 
securities, U.S. treasuries, and to a lesser extent, municipal securities. Certain of these investments are subject to 
general credit, liquidity, market and interest rate risks. 

67 

 
ITEM 8.          FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 

The information required to be furnished in response to this Item 8 follows the signature page and Index to 

Exhibits hereto at pages 75 through 119. 

ITEM 9.          CHANGES  IN  AND  DISAGREEMENTS  WITH  ACCOUNTANTS  ON  ACCOUNTING 
AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE 

None. 

ITEM 9A.        CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures – Under the supervision and with the participation of 
the  Company’s  management,  including  our  Co-Chief  Executive  Officers  and  Chief  Financial  Officer,  we  have 
evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in 
Rules 13(a)-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based 
upon  this  evaluation,  the  Co-Chief  Executive  Officers  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  have  concluded  that  our 
disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information we are required to disclose in reports 
that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (1) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time 
periods  specified  in  rules  and  forms  of  the  SEC  and  (2)  accumulated  and  communicated  to  our  management, 
including our principal executive and principal financial officers as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding 
required disclosures. 

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting – Our management is responsible for 
establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rules 
13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Co-
Chief Executive Officers and Chief Financial Officer, our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness 
of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on the framework in Internal Control 
–  Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway 
Commission.  Based  on  our  management’s  evaluation  under  the  framework  in  Internal  Control  -  Integrated 
Framework (2013), our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as 
of December 31, 2020. 

Our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December 31,  2020,  has  been  audited  by  Deloitte & 
Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their attestation report, which is included 
herein. 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting – There were no changes in the Company’s internal 
controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2020, that have materially affected, or are 
reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. 

68 

 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of 
Monster Beverage Corporation 
Corona, California 

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

We  have  audited  the  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  of  Monster  Beverage  Corporation  and 
subsidiaries  (the “Company”)  as  of  December 31,  2020,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control —
Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 
(“COSO”). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial 
reporting  as  of  December 31,  2020,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control —  Integrated  Framework 
(2013) issued by COSO. 

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule as of and for 
the year ended December 31, 2020, of the Company and our report dated March 1, 2021, expressed an unqualified 
opinion on those financial statements. 

Basis for Opinion 

The  Company’s  management  is  responsible  for  maintaining  effective  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting and  for its  assessment of  the  effectiveness  of internal  control over  financial reporting,  included in  the 
accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express 
an  opinion  on  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  our  audit.  We  are  a  public 
accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in 
accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules and  regulations  of  the  Securities  and 
Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we 
plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial 
reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control 
over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and 
operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we 
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance 
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting 
includes  those  policies  and  procedures  that  (1) pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail, 
accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable 
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made 
only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s 
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. 

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect 
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that the 
controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies 
or procedures may deteriorate. 

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP 
Costa Mesa, California 
March 1, 2021 

69 

 
 
ITEM 9B.        OTHER INFORMATION 

None. 

PART III 

ITEM 10.        DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 

The information required by this item regarding our directors is included under the caption “Proposal One – 
Election of Directors” in our Proxy Statement for our 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the 
SEC within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 (the “2021 Proxy Statement”) and 
is incorporated herein by reference. 

Information concerning compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act is included under the caption 

“Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports” in our 2021 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. 

Information concerning the Audit Committee and the Audit Committee Financial Expert is reported under 
the caption “Audit Committee; Report of the Audit Committee; Duties and Responsibilities” in our 2021 Proxy 
Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. 

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics 

We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all our directors, officers (including 
our  principal  executive  officers,  principal  financial  officer,  principal  accounting  officer  and  controllers)  and 
employees. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and any amendment thereto, as well as any waivers that are 
required  to  be  disclosed  by  the  rules of  the  SEC  or  NASDAQ,  may  be  obtained  at  http://investors. 
monsterbevcorp.com/corporate-governance  or  at  no  cost  to  you  by  writing  or  telephoning  us  at  the  following 
address or telephone number: 

Monster Beverage Corporation 
1 Monster Way 
Corona, CA 92879 
(951) 739-6200 
(800) 426-7367 

ITEM 11.        EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

Information  concerning  the  compensation  of  our  directors  and  executive  officers  and  Compensation 
Committee  Interlocks  and  Insider  Participation  is  reported  under  the  captions  “Compensation  Discussion  and 
Analysis,” and “Compensation Committee,” respectively, in our 2021 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein 
by reference. 

ITEM 12.         SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT 
AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 

The  disclosure  set  forth  in  Item 5,  “Market  for  the  Registrant’s  Common  Equity,  Related  Stockholder 

Matters and Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities”, of this report is incorporated herein. 

Information concerning the beneficial ownership of the Company’s Common Stock of (a) those persons 
known to the Company to be the beneficial owners of more than 5% of the Company’s common stock; (b) each of 
the  Company’s  directors  and  nominees  for  director;  and  (c) the  Company’s  executive  officers  and  all  of  the 
Company’s current directors and executive officers as a group is reported under the caption “Principal Stockholders 
and Security Ownership of Management” in our 2021 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. 

70 

 
 
 
 
Information  concerning  shares  of  the  Company’s  Common  Stock  authorized  for  issuance  under  the 
Company’s  equity  compensation  plans  is  reported  under  the  caption  “Employee  Equity  Compensation  Plan 
Information” in our 2021 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. 

ITEM 13.         CERTAIN  RELATIONSHIPS  AND  RELATED  TRANSACTIONS  AND  DIRECTOR 
INDEPENDENCE 

Information concerning certain relationships and related transactions is reported under the caption “Certain 
Relationships  and  Related  Transactions  and  Director  Independence”  in  our  2021  Proxy  Statement  and  is 
incorporated herein by reference. 

ITEM 14.         PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES 

Information  concerning  our  accountant  fees  and  our  Audit  Committee’s  pre-approval  of  audit  and 
permissible non-audit services of independent auditors is reported under the captions “Principal Accounting Firm 
Fees”  and  “Pre-Approval  of  Audit  and  Non-Audit  Services,”  respectively,  in  our  2021  Proxy  Statement  and  is 
incorporated herein by reference. 

ITEM 15.        EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 

(a)  The following documents are filed as a part of this Form 10-K: 

PART IV 

  Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

  Financial Statements: 

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 
Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 

2019 and 2018 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2020, 

2019 and 2018 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 

2018 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

  Financial Statement Schedule: 

76

79
80

81

82

83
85

Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 

119

  Exhibits: 

The Exhibits listed in the Index of Exhibits, which appears immediately preceding the 

signature page and is incorporated herein by reference, as filed as part of this Form 10-K. 

ITEM 16.        FORM 10-K SUMMARY 

None 

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEX TO EXHIBITS 

The following designated exhibits, as indicated below, are either filed or furnished, as applicable herewith 
or have heretofore been filed or furnished with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act 
of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as indicated by footnote. 

2.1 

2.1.1 

2.2 

3.1 

3.2 

4.1 

10.1 

10.2 

10.3 

10.4+* 

10.5+ 

10.6+ 

10.7+ 

10.8+ 

10.9+ 

10.10+ 

10.11+ 

Transaction Agreement, dated as of August 14, 2014, by and among Monster Beverage Corporation, 
New Laser Corporation, New Laser Merger Corp, The Coca-Cola Company and European 
Refreshments (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to our Form 8-K dated August 18, 2014). 
Amendment to Transaction Agreement, dated as of March 16, 2018, by and among Monster 
Beverage Corporation, New Laser Corporation, New Laser Merger Corp., The Coca-Cola Company 
and European Refreshments (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to our Form 8-K dated 
March 20, 2018). 
Asset Transfer Agreement, dated as of August 14, 2014, by and among Monster Beverage 
Corporation, New Laser Corporation and The Coca-Cola Company (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 2.2 to our Form 8-K dated August 18, 2014). 
Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 
to our Form 10-Q dated November 7, 2016). 
Second Amended and Restated By-laws of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to 
our Form 8-K dated April 16, 2018). 
Description of Common Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Form 10-K dated 
February 28, 2020). 
Amended and Restated Distribution Coordination Agreement, dated as of June 12, 2015, between 
Monster Energy Company and The Coca-Cola Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 
to our Form 10-Q dated August 10, 2015). 
Amended and Restated International Distribution Coordination Agreement, dated as of June 12, 
2015, between Monster Energy Ltd. and Monster Energy Company and The Coca-Cola Company 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Form 10-Q dated August 10, 2015). 
Form of Indemnification Agreement (to be provided by Monster Beverage Corporation to its 
directors and officers) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Form 8-K dated June 11, 
2019). 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for grants under the Monster Beverage Corporation 2017 
Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors.  
Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Form 10-Q 
dated August 9, 2011). 
Monster Beverage Corporation 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.1 to our Form 8-K dated May 24, 2011). 
Employment Agreement between Monster Beverage Corporation and Rodney C. Sacks 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Form 8-K dated March 19, 2014). 
Employment Agreement between Monster Beverage Corporation and Hilton H. Schlosberg 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Form 8-K dated March 19, 2014). 
Form of Stock Option Agreement for grants under the Monster Beverage Corporation 2011 
Omnibus Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to our Form 10-K dated March 
1, 2018).  
Form of Stock Option Agreement of Co-Chief Executive Officers for grants under the Monster 
Beverage Corporation 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to 
our Form 10-K dated March 1, 2018). 
Form of 2020 Annual Incentive Award Agreement for grants under the Monster Beverage 
Corporation 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Form 
10-Q dated May 11, 2020). 

72 

 
 
10.12+ 

10.13+* 

10.14+* 

10.15+ 

10.16+ 

10.17+ 

10.18+ 

21* 
23* 
31.1* 

31.2* 

31.3* 

32.1* 

32.2* 

32.3* 

101* 

104* 

Form of Performance Share Unit Award Agreement for grants under the Monster Beverage 
Corporation 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Form 
10-Q dated May 11, 2020). 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for grants under the Monster Beverage Corporation 2011 
Omnibus Incentive Plan. 
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement of Co-Chief Executive Officers for grants under the 
Monster Beverage Corporation 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan. 
Monster Beverage Corporation 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to 
Appendix A to our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed April 21, 2020). 
Monster Beverage Corporation 2017 Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Form S-8 dated June 21, 2017). 
Monster Beverage Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to our Form S-8 dated June 21, 2017). 
Amended and Restated Monster Beverage Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to our Form 10-K dated March 1, 2018). 
Subsidiaries 
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 
Certification by Co-Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13A-14(a) or 15D-14(a) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 
2002  
Certification by Co-Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13A-14(a) or 15D-14(a) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 
2002  
Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13A-14(a) or 15D-14(a) of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
Certification by Co-Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted 
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
Certification by Co-Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted 
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to 
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
The following materials from Monster Beverage Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the 
fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 are furnished herewith, formatted in iXBRL (Inline eXtensible
Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, 
(ii) Consolidated  Statements  of  Income  for  the years  ended  December 31,  2020,  2019  and  2018, 
(iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 
and  2018,  (iv) Consolidated  Statements  of  Stockholders’  Equity  for  the years  ended  December 31, 
2020, 2019 and 2018, (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 
2020, 2019 and 2018, and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 
The cover page from Monster Beverage Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal 
year ended December 31, 2020, formatted in iXBRL (Inline eXtensible Business Reporting Language)
and contained in Exhibit 101. 

Filed herewith. 

* 
+  Management contract or compensatory plans or arrangements. 

73 

 
 
 
SIGNATURES 

Pursuant to the requirements of Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, 
the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION 

/s/ RODNEY C. SACKS 

/s/ HILTON H. SCHLOSBERG 

    Rodney C. Sacks 
  Chairman of the Board of 
  Directors and Co-Chief 
  Executive Officer 

  Hilton H. Schlosberg 
  Vice Chairman of the Board of 
  Directors and Co-Chief 
  Executive Officer 

    Date: March 1, 2021 

  Date: March 1, 2021 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by 

the following persons on behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 

Signature 

     Title 

/s/ RODNEY C. SACKS 
Rodney C. Sacks 

  Chairman of the Board of 
  Directors and Co-Chief Executive 
  Officer (principal executive officer) 

     Date 

  March 1, 2021 

/s/ HILTON H. SCHLOSBERG 
Hilton H. Schlosberg 

  Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors 
  and Co-Chief Executive Officer (principal 
  executive officer) 

  March 1, 2021 

/s/ THOMAS J. KELLY 
Thomas J. Kelly 

  Chief Financial Officer (principal financial 
  officer, principal accounting officer) 

  March 1, 2021 

/s/ JAMES L. DINKINS 
James L. Dinkins 

/s/ GARY P. FAYARD 
Gary P. Fayard 

/s/ MARK J. HALL 
Mark J. Hall 

/s/ JEANNE P. JACKSON 
Jeanne P. Jackson 

/s/ STEVEN G. PIZULA 
Steven G. Pizula 

/s/ BENJAMIN M. POLK 
Benjamin M. Polk 

/s/ SYDNEY SELATI 
Sydney Selati 

/s/ MARK S. VIDERGAUZ 
Mark S. Vidergauz 

  Director 

  Director 

  Director 

  Director 

  Director 

  Director 

  Director 

  Director 

74 

  March 1, 2021 

  March 1, 2021 

  March 1, 2021 

  March 1, 2021 

  March 1, 2021 

  March 1, 2021 

  March 1, 2021 

  March 1, 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT 
SCHEDULE 

MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 

Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 

Page 

76 

79 

80 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018  81 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Financial Statement Schedule – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the years ended December 31, 

2020, 2019 and 2018 

82 

83 

85 

119 

75 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of 
Monster Beverage Corporation 
Corona, California 

Opinion on the Financial Statements 

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Monster  Beverage  Corporation  and 
subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of income, 
comprehensive  income,  stockholders’  equity  and  cash  flows,  for  each  of  the  three  years  in  the  period  ended 
December 31, 2020, and the related notes and the schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a) (collectively referred to 
as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the 
financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash 
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, in conformity with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America. 

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United  States)  (“PCAOB”),  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December 31,  2020, 
based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control–Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of 
Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  and  our  report  dated  March 1,  2021,  expressed  an 
unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. 

Basis for Opinion 

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to 
express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm 
registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the 
U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission 
and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we 
plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material 
misstatement,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud.  Our  audits  included  performing  procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of 
material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that 
respond to those risks.  Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and 
disclosures  in  the  financial  statements.  Our  audits  also  included  evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and 
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. 
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Critical Audit Matter 

The  critical  audit  matter  communicated  below  is  a  matter  arising  from  the  current-period  audit  of  the 
financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the Audit Committee and that (1) 
relates  to  accounts  or  disclosures  that  are  material  to  the  financial  statements  and  (2)  involved  our  especially 
challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any 
way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit 
matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it 
relates. 

Accrued Promotional Allowances — Refer to Note 2 to the financial statements 

Critical Audit Matter Description 

76 

 
 
The  Company’s  promotional  and  other  allowances  are  calculated  based  on  various  programs  with  its 
bottlers/distributors and retail customers, and accruals are established during the year for its anticipated liabilities. 
These  accruals  are  based  on  agreed-upon  terms  as  well  as  the  Company’s  historical  experience  with  similar 
programs and require management’s judgment with respect to estimating consumer participation and/or distributor 
and retail customer performance levels. Promotional and other allowances primarily include consideration given to 
bottlers/distributors or retail customers, including, but not limited to, the following: (i) discounts granted off list 
prices to support price promotions to end consumers by retailers; (ii) reimbursements given to bottlers/distributors 
for agreed portions of their promotional spend with retailers, including slotting, shelf space allowances, and other 
fees for both new and existing products; (iii) agreed share of fees given to bottlers/distributors and/or directly to 
retailers for advertising, in-store marketing, and promotional activities; (iv) agreed share of slotting, shelf space 
allowances,  and  other  fees  given  directly  to  retailers,  club  stores  and/or  wholesalers;  (v)  incentives  given  to 
bottlers/distributors and/or retailers for achieving or exceeding certain predetermined sales goals; (vi) discounted 
or free products; (vii) contractual fees given to bottlers/distributors related to sales made by the Company directly 
to certain customers that fall within the bottlers’/distributors’ sales territories; and (viii) certain commissions paid 
based on sales to bottlers/distributors. The length of promotional programs can vary from as little as one day, for 
one-time events, to as long as one year based on the agreed-upon terms. The nature of such programs is determined 
on a per retail customer basis, and in certain instances, the same program is set for multiple retail customers. The 
promotional expenditures are recorded as a reduction to net sales in the period the underlying sale occurs. Total 
promotional expenditures included as a reduction to net sales were $772.2 million for the year ended December 31, 
2020, and accrued promotional allowances were $186.7 million as of December 31, 2020.  

We identified accrued promotional allowances as a critical audit matter because of the extent and subjective 
nature of management judgment required with respect to estimating consumer participation and/or distributor and 
retail customer performance levels and future promotional claims. 

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit 

Our  audit  procedures  over  accrued  promotional  allowances,  with  respect  to  management’s  judgment 
regarding  levels  of  consumer  participation  and/or  distributor  and  retail  customer  performance  levels  and  future 
promotional claims, included the following, among others:  

  We tested the effectiveness of controls over accrued promotional allowances, including those controls 

pertaining to management’s estimation of future promotional claims. 

  We selected a sample of accrued promotional allowances recorded for specific distributors and retail 
customers  and  sent  confirmation  requests  of  the  accrual  recorded  and  key  terms  of  the  agreement 
directly to the distributor or retail customer. We compared the confirmation response to the accrued 
amount  recorded  by  the  Company.  In  instances  of  nonreplies  to  our  confirmation  request  from  the 
distributor  or  retail  customer,  we  performed  alternative  procedures  as  follows:  (1)  developing  an 
expectation of the accrual using current-year claim and payment data, and/or (2) vouching known claim 
submissions, unpaid as of period-end, to underlying supporting documentation. 

  We tested the promotional expenditure amount recorded as a reduction to net sales and assessed the 
reasonableness  of  management’s  estimate  by  developing  an  expectation  of  the  amount,  based  on 
historical  promotional  expenditure  amounts  recorded  as  a  percentage  of  sales,  and  compared  our 
expectation to the recorded promotional expenditure amount. 

  We  performed  inquiries  with  the  Company’s  sales  and  marketing  personnel  to  corroborate  our 
understanding of new and existing promotional programs that may alter the relationship between gross 
billings and promotional allowances, as such programs are considered by management when estimating 
future promotional claims. 

77 

  We  evaluated  management’s  ability  to  estimate  promotional  allowances  by  comparing  the  actual 

promotional allowances subsequently paid to the original estimates of management. 

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP 

Costa Mesa, California 
March 1, 2021 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1991. 

78 

 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2020 AND 2019 (In Thousands, Except Par Value) 

ASSETS 

CURRENT ASSETS: 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Short-term investments 
Accounts receivable, net 
Inventories 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 
Prepaid income taxes 
Total current assets 

INVESTMENTS 
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, net 
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES 
GOODWILL 
OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, net 
OTHER ASSETS 

Total Assets 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

CURRENT LIABILITIES: 
Accounts payable 
Accrued liabilities 
Accrued promotional allowances 
Deferred revenue 
Accrued compensation 
Income taxes payable 

Total current liabilities 

DEFERRED REVENUE 

OTHER LIABILITIES 

  December 31,    December 31,  

2020 

2019 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 1,180,413   $ 
 881,354   
 666,012   
 333,085   
 55,358   
 24,733   
 3,140,955   

 44,291   
 314,656   
 241,650   
 1,331,643   
 1,059,046   
 70,475   
 6,202,716    $ 

 797,957 
 533,063 
 540,330 
 360,731 
 54,868 
 29,360 
 2,316,309 

 12,905 
 298,640 
 84,777 
 1,331,643 
 1,052,105 
 53,973 
 5,150,352 

 296,800    $ 
 142,653   
 186,658   
 45,429   
 55,015   
 23,433   
 749,988   

 274,045 
 114,075 
 166,761 
 44,237 
 47,262 
 14,717 
 661,097 

 264,436   

 287,469 

 27,432  

 30,505 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 12) 

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY: 
Common stock - $0.005 par value; 1,250,000 shares authorized;  
   638,662 shares issued and 528,097 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2020; 
636,460 shares issued and 536,698 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2019 

Additional paid-in capital 
Retained earnings 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 
Common stock in treasury, at cost; 110,565 and 99,762 shares as of December 31, 2020 

and December 31, 2019, respectively 
Total stockholders’ equity 

Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity 

 3,193  
 4,537,982   
 6,432,074   
 3,034   

 3,182 
 4,397,511 
 5,022,480 
 (32,387)

 (5,815,423)  
 5,160,860   
 6,202,716    $ 

 (5,219,505)
 4,171,281 
 5,150,352 

  $ 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

79 

 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018 
(In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

NET SALES 

COST OF SALES 

GROSS PROFIT 

2020 

2019 

2018 

  $  4,598,638   $  4,200,819   $  3,807,183 

   1,874,758  

   1,682,234  

   1,511,808 

   2,723,880  

   2,518,585  

   2,295,375 

OPERATING EXPENSES 

   1,090,727  

   1,115,646  

   1,011,756 

OPERATING INCOME 

   1,633,153  

   1,402,939  

   1,283,619 

OTHER (EXPENSE) INCOME, NET 

 (6,996)  

 13,023  

 9,653 

INCOME BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES 

   1,626,157  

   1,415,962  

   1,293,272 

PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES 

 216,563  

 308,127  

 300,268 

NET INCOME 

  $  1,409,594   $  1,107,835   $ 

 993,004 

NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE: 

Basic 
Diluted 

  $ 
  $ 

 2.66   $ 
 2.64   $ 

 2.04   $ 
 2.03   $ 

 1.78 
 1.76 

WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF SHARES OF COMMON 

STOCK AND COMMON STOCK EQUIVALENTS: 
 Basic 
 Diluted 

 529,639  
 534,807  

 542,191  
 546,608  

 557,166 
 564,254 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

80 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018 (In Thousands) 

Net income, as reported 

Other comprehensive income (loss): 

2020 

2019 

2018 

$  1,409,594   $ 1,107,835   $  993,004 

Change in foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax 

 35,531  

 194  

    (16,957)

Available-for-sale investments: 

Change in net unrealized gains (losses) 

Reclassification adjustment for net gains included in net income 

Net change in available-for-sale investments 

Other comprehensive income (loss) 

Comprehensive income 

 (110) 

 —  

 (110) 

 283  

 —  

 283  

 752 

 — 

 752 

 35,421  

 477  

    (16,205)

$  1,445,015   $ 1,108,312   $  976,799 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

81 

 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
  
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
    
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
    
  
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018 (In Thousands) 

Balance, January 1, 2018 

Common stock 

Additional 

  Retained    Comprehensive 

Treasury stock 

  Stockholders’ 

    Shares      Amount     Paid-in Capital     Earnings     
     629,255     $  3,146     $ 

 4,150,628      $ 2,928,226      $ 

Loss 

    Shares      Amount 

 (16,659)    

 (62,957)    $ (3,170,129)    $ 

Equity 
 3,895,212 

  Accumulated   

Other 

Total 

Stock-based compensation  

 —  

 —  

 57,111  

Exercise of stock options  

1,715  

 9  

 27,843  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 57,111 

 27,852 

 752 

 2,588 

 (6,585)

 —  

 —  

 —  

 63,356 

 92,363 

 283 

Unrealized gain on available-for-

sale securities 

Adjustment to excess tax benefits 

from prior periods 

ASU No. 2016-16 adoption 

Repurchase of common stock  

Foreign currency translation  

Net income  

Unrealized gain on available-for-

sale securities 

Adjustment to excess tax benefits 

from prior periods 

Repurchase of common stock  

Foreign currency translation  

Net income  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 752   

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 2,588  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 (6,585) 

 —  

 —  

 —  

 (24,337) 

   (1,342,076) 

 (1,342,076)

 —  

 993,004  

 —  

 (16,957) 

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 (16,957)

 993,004 

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

Balance, December 31, 2018 

 630,970    $  3,155    $ 

 4,238,170    $ 3,914,645    $ 

 (32,864) 

 (87,294)   $ (4,512,205)   $ 

 3,610,901 

Stock-based compensation  

Exercise of stock options  

 —  

 5,490  

 —  

 27  

63,356  

92,336  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 283   

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 3,649  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

   1,107,835  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 3,649 

 —  

 (12,468) 

 (707,300) 

 (707,300)

 194  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 194 

 —  

 1,107,835 

Balance, December 31, 2019 

 636,460    $  3,182    $ 

 4,397,511    $ 5,022,480    $ 

 (32,387) 

 (99,762)   $ (5,219,505)   $ 

 4,171,281 

Stock-based compensation  

Exercise of stock options  

 —  

 2,202  

Unrealized loss on available-for-

sale securities 

Repurchase of common stock  

Foreign currency translation  

Net income  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 11  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 67,546  

 72,925  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 67,546 

 72,936 

 (110)  

 —  

 —  

 (110)

 —  

 (10,803) 

 (595,918) 

 (595,918)

 —  

   1,409,594  

 —  

 35,531  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 35,531 

 —  

 1,409,594 

Balance, December 31, 2020 

 638,662   $  3,193   $ 

 4,537,982   $ 6,432,074   $ 

 3,034  

 (110,565)  $ (5,815,423)  $ 

 5,160,860 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

82 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018 (In Thousands) 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: 
Net income 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: 

Depreciation and amortization 
Gain on disposal of property and equipment 
Loss on impairment of intangibles 
Stock-based compensation 
Deferred income taxes 
Effect on cash of changes in operating assets and liabilities: 

Accounts receivable 
Distributor receivables 
Inventories 
Prepaid expenses and other assets 
Prepaid income taxes 
Accounts payable 
Accrued liabilities 
Accrued promotional allowances 
Accrued distributor terminations 
Accrued compensation 
Income taxes payable 
Other liabilities 
Deferred revenue 

Net cash provided by operating activities 

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: 
Sales of available-for-sale investments 
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment 
Purchases of available-for-sale investments 
Purchases of property and equipment 
Additions to intangibles 
Increase in other assets 

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities 

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: 
Principal payments on debt 
Issuance of common stock 
Purchases of common stock held in treasury 
Net cash used in financing activities 

2020 

2019 

2018 

  $ 

 1,409,594   $ 

 1,107,835   $ 

 993,004 

 60,973  
 (350) 
 8,700  
 70,289  
 (156,873) 

 (120,058) 
 386  
 30,304  
 1,024  
 5,516  
 18,696  
 26,392  
 13,762  
 (279) 
 7,501  
 10,422  
 (356) 
 (21,480) 
 1,364,163  

 64,814  
 (252) 

 63,356  
 1,263  

 (66,411) 
 6,470  
 (85,222) 
 (13,774) 
 9,481  
 28,832  
 (14,297) 
 21,943  
 279  
 7,228  
 8,105  
 (1,030) 
 (24,858) 
 1,113,762  

 920,196  
 993  
 (1,299,981) 
 (48,722) 
 (18,550) 
 (26,423) 
 (472,487) 

 851,436  
 1,239  
 (1,067,736) 
 (101,661) 
 (8,737) 
 (1,265) 
 (326,724) 

 56,979 
 (783)

 57,111 
 (510)

 (48,370)
 9,958 
 (26,146)
 (6,682)
 98,716 
 9,852 
 18,145 
 11,719 
 (91)
 5,477 
 1,943 
 1,526 
 (19,967)
 1,161,881 

 1,181,484 
 4,295 
 (826,084)
 (61,941)
 (12,984)
 (11,814)
 272,956 

 (3,086) 
 72,936  
 (595,918) 
 (526,068) 

 (13,569) 
 92,363  
 (707,300) 
 (628,506) 

 (1,886)
 27,851 
 (1,342,076)
 (1,316,111)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 

 16,848  

 1,912  

 (9,835)

NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of year 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of year 

 382,456  
 797,957  
 1,180,413   $ 

 160,444  
 637,513  
 797,957   $ 

 108,891 
 528,622 
 637,513 

  $ 

SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 

Cash paid during the year for: 

Interest 
Income taxes 

  $ 
  $ 

 44   $ 
 355,509   $ 

 320   $ 
 293,810   $ 

 60 
 200,767 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

83 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018 

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NON-CASH ITEMS: 

Accrued liabilities included additions to intangibles of $9.8 million, $12.8 million and $10.8 million as of 

December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Accounts  payable  included  purchases  of  available-for-sale  short-term  investments  of  $8.7  million  as  of 

December 31, 2019. No amounts were included as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2018. 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

84 

 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

1.          ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Organization – Monster Beverage Corporation (the “Company”) was incorporated in the state of Delaware. 

The Company is a holding company and has no operating business except through its consolidated subsidiaries. 

Nature of Operations – The Company develops, markets, sells and distributes energy drink beverages and 
concentrates for energy drink beverages, primarily under the following brand names: Monster Energy®, Monster 
Energy  Ultra®,  Monster  Rehab®,  Monster  MAXX®,  Java  Monster®,  Muscle  Monster®,  Espresso  Monster®, 
Punch Monster®, Juice Monster®, Monster Hydro®, Monster HydroSport Super Fuel®, Monster Super Fuel®, 
Predator®, Fury®, Reign Total Body Fuel®, Reign Inferno® Thermogenic Fuel, Monster Dragon Tea®, NOS®, 
Full Throttle®, Burn®, Mother®, Nalu®, Ultra Energy®, Play® and Power Play® (stylized), Relentless®, BPM®, 
BU®, Gladiator®, Samurai® and Live+®. 

Basis  of  Presentation  –  The  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in 
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and include 
the accounts of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries. 

Principles  of  Consolidation  –  The  Company  consolidates  all  entities  that  it  controls  by  ownership  of  a 

majority voting interest. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 

Business Combinations – Business acquisitions are accounted for in accordance with Financial Accounting 
Standards  Board  (“FASB”)  Accounting  Standards  Codification  (“ASC”)  805  “Business  Combinations”.    FASB 
ASC 805 requires the reporting entity to identify the acquirer, determine the acquisition date, recognize and measure 
the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any non-controlling interest in 
the acquired entity, and recognize and measure goodwill or a gain from the purchase. The acquiree’s results are 
included  in  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  from  the  date  of  acquisition.  Assets  acquired  and 
liabilities assumed are recorded at their fair values and the excess of the purchase price over the amounts assigned 
is  recorded  as  goodwill.  Adjustments  to  fair  value  assessments  are  recorded  to  goodwill  over  the  measurement 
period (not longer than twelve months). The acquisition method also requires that acquisition-related transaction 
and post-acquisition restructuring costs be charged to expense and requires the Company to recognize and measure 
certain assets and liabilities including those arising from contingencies and contingent consideration in a business 
combination. 

Cash  and  Cash  Equivalents  –  The  Company  considers  all  highly  liquid  investments  with  an  original 
maturity of three months or less from date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Throughout the year, the Company 
has had amounts on deposit at financial institutions that exceed the federally insured limits. The Company has not 
experienced any loss as a result of these deposits and does not expect to incur any losses in the future. 

Investments  –  The  Company’s  investments  in  debt  securities  are  classified  as  either  held-to-maturity, 
available-for-sale or trading, in accordance with FASB ASC 320. Held-to-maturity securities are those securities 
that the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold until maturity. Trading securities are those securities 
that the Company intends to sell in the near term. All other securities not included in the held-to-maturity or trading 
category  are  classified  as  available-for-sale.  Held-to-maturity  securities  are  recorded  at  amortized  cost  which 
approximates fair market value. Trading securities are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses charged 
to earnings. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded within 
accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. FASB ASC 820 
defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly 
transaction  between  market  participants  at  the  measurement  date.  FASB  ASC  820  also  establishes  a  fair  value 
hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs, where available. Under FASB ASC 
326-30-35, a security is considered to be impaired if the fair value of the security is less than its amortized cost 
basis. Where the decline in fair value below the amortized cost basis has resulted from a credit loss, the Company 
will record an impairment relating to credit losses through an allowance for credit losses. The allowance is limited 

85 

 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Impairment that has not been recorded through 
an allowance for credit losses is recorded through other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable taxes. The 
Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value of its investments has resulted from credit loss or other factors 
at each quarter-end. This evaluation consists of a review by management, and includes market pricing information 
and maturity dates for the securities held, market and economic trends in the industry and information on the issuer’s 
financial  condition  and,  if  applicable,  information  on  the  guarantors’  financial  condition.  Factors  considered  in 
determining whether an impairment has resulted from credit loss or other factors include the length of time and 
extent to which the investment’s fair value has been less than its cost basis, the financial condition and near-term 
prospects of the issuer  and guarantors, including any specific events which may influence the operations of the 
issuer and our intent and ability to retain the investment for a reasonable period of time sufficient to allow for any 
anticipated recovery of fair value. 

Accounts Receivable – The Company evaluates the collectability of its trade accounts receivable based on 
a number of factors. In circumstances where the Company becomes aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet 
its financial obligations to the Company, a specific reserve for bad debts is estimated and recorded, which reduces 
the recognized receivable to the estimated amount the Company believes will ultimately be collected. In addition 
to specific customer identification of potential bad debts, bad debt charges are recorded based on the Company’s 
recent loss history and an overall assessment of past due trade accounts receivable outstanding.  In accordance with 
FASB ASC 210-20-45, in its consolidated balance sheets, the Company has presented accounts receivable, net of 
promotional allowances, only for those customers that it allows net settlement. All other accounts receivable and 
related promotional allowances are shown on a gross basis. 

Inventories – Inventories are valued at the lower of first-in, first-out, cost or market value (net realizable 

value). 

Property and Equipment – Property and equipment are stated at cost.  Depreciation of furniture and fixtures, 
office and computer equipment, computer software, equipment, and vehicles is based on their estimated useful lives 
(three to ten years) and is calculated using the straight-line method. Amortization of leasehold improvements is 
based  on  the  lesser  of  their  estimated  useful  lives  or  the  terms  of  the  related  leases  and  is  calculated  using  the 
straight-line method. Normal repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Expenditures that materially 
increase values or extend useful lives are capitalized. The related costs and accumulated depreciation of disposed 
assets are eliminated and any resulting gain or loss on disposition is included in net income. 

Goodwill – The Company records goodwill when the consideration paid for an acquisition exceeds the fair 
value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired, including related tax effects. Goodwill is not amortized; instead 
goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if the Company believes indicators of 
impairment exist. The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not 
that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If the Company reasonably determines that it is 
more-likely-than-not that the fair value is less than the carrying value, the Company performs its annual, or interim, 
goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. The Company 
will recognize an impairment for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds a reporting unit’s fair value. 
For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2020,  2019  and  2018  there  were  no  impairments  recorded  and  there  are  no 
accumulated impairment balances. 

Other Intangibles – Other Intangibles are comprised primarily of trademarks that represent the Company’s 
exclusive ownership of the Monster Energy®,  ®, Monster Energy Ultra®, Monster Dragon Tea®, Unleash the 
Beast!®,  Monster  Rehab®,  Monster  MAXX®,  Java  Monster®,  Muscle  Monster®,  Espresso  Monster®,  Punch 
Monster®,  Juice  Monster®,  Monster Hydro®,  Monster  HydroSport  Super  Fuel®,  Monster  Super  Fuel®,  Reign 
Total Body Fuel®, Reign Inferno®, Predator®, Fury®, NOS®, Full Throttle®, Burn®, Mother®, Nalu®, Ultra 
Energy®, Play® and Power Play® (stylized), Relentless®, BPM®, BU®, Gladiator® and Samurai® trademarks, 
all used in connection with the manufacture, sale and distribution of beverages. The Company also owns a number 

86 

 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

of other trademarks, flavors and formulas in the United States, as well as in a number of countries around the world. 
In  accordance  with  FASB  ASC  350,  intangible  assets  with  indefinite  lives  are  not  amortized  but  instead  are 
measured  for  impairment  at  least  annually,  or  when  events  indicate  that  an  impairment  exists.  The  Company 
calculates impairment as the excess of the carrying value of its indefinite-lived assets over their estimated fair value. 
If  the  carrying  value  exceeds  the  estimate  of  fair  value  a  write-down  is  recorded.  The  Company  amortizes  its 
trademarks with finite useful lives over their respective useful lives. For the year ended December 31, 2020, an 
impairment charge of $8.7 million was recorded to intangibles. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
no impairments were recorded. 

Leases – See Note 3. 

Long-Lived Assets – Management regularly reviews property and equipment and other long-lived assets, 
including certain definite-lived intangible assets, for possible impairment. This review occurs annually, or more 
frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable.  
If there is indication of impairment, management then prepares an estimate of future cash flows (undiscounted and 
without interest charges) expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. If these cash flows 
are  less  than  the  carrying  amount  of  the  asset,  an  impairment  loss  is  recognized  to  write  down  the  asset  to  its 
estimated fair value. The fair value is estimated using the present value of the future cash flows discounted at a rate 
commensurate with management’s estimates of the business risks. Preparation of estimated expected future cash 
flows is inherently subjective and is based on management’s best estimate of assumptions concerning expected 
future conditions. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, there were no impairment indicators 
identified. Long-lived assets held for sale are recorded at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less cost 
to sell. 

Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions – The accounts of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are 
translated in accordance with FASB ASC 830. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recognized in other 
expense, net, at the time they occur. Net foreign currency exchange gains or losses resulting from the translation of 
assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar are recorded as a part 
of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity. Unrealized foreign currency exchange 
gains and losses on certain intercompany transactions that are of a long-term investment nature (i.e., settlement is 
not planned or anticipated in the foreseeable future) are also recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income 
(loss) in stockholders’ equity. During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company entered 
into forward currency exchange contracts with financial institutions to create an economic hedge to specifically 
manage  a  portion  of  the  foreign  exchange  risk  exposure  associated  with  certain  consolidated  subsidiaries  non-
functional currency denominated assets and liabilities. All foreign currency exchange contracts outstanding as of 
December 31, 2020 have terms of three months or less. The Company does not enter into forward currency exchange 
contracts for speculation or trading purposes. 

The Company has not designated its foreign currency exchange contracts as hedge transactions under FASB 
ASC 815. Therefore, gains and losses on the Company’s foreign currency exchange contracts are recognized in 
other income, net, in the consolidated statements of income, and are largely offset by the changes in the fair value 
of the underlying economically hedged item. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, aggregate 
foreign currency transaction losses, including the gains or losses on forward currency exchange contracts, amounted 
to $11.2 million, $4.1 million and $4.0 million, respectively, and have been recorded in other income, net, in the 
accompanying consolidated statements of income. 

Revenue Recognition – See Note 2. 

Cost of Sales – Cost of sales consists of the costs of flavors, concentrates, supplement ingredients and/or 
beverage bases, the costs of raw materials utilized in the manufacture of beverages, co-packing fees, repacking fees, 
in-bound freight charges, as well as internal transfer costs, warehouse expenses incurred prior to the manufacture 

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MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

of the Company’s finished products and certain quality control costs. In addition, the Company includes in costs of 
sales certain costs such as depreciation, amortization and payroll costs that relate to the direct manufacture by the 
Company of certain flavors and concentrates. Raw materials account for the largest portion of cost of sales. Raw 
materials include cans, bottles, other containers, flavors, ingredients and packaging materials. 

Operating  Expenses  –  Operating  expenses  include  selling  expenses  such  as  distribution  expenses  to 
transport products to customers and warehousing expenses after manufacture, as well as expenses for advertising, 
sampling and in-store demonstration costs, costs for merchandise displays, point-of-sale materials and premium 
items, sponsorship expenses, other marketing expenses and design expenses.  Operating expenses also include such 
costs as payroll costs, travel costs, professional service fees including legal fees, termination payments made to 
certain of the Company’s prior distributors, depreciation and other general and administrative costs. 

Freight-Out Costs – For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, freight-out costs amounted 
to $134.1 million, $122.5 million and $128.5 million, respectively, and have been recorded in operating expenses 
in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. 

Advertising  and  Promotional  Expenses  –  The  Company  accounts  for  advertising  production  costs  by 
expensing  such  production  costs  the  first  time  the  related  advertising  takes  place.  A  significant  amount  of  the 
Company’s promotional expenses result from payments under endorsement and sponsorship contracts. Accounting 
for endorsement and sponsorship payments is based upon specific contract provisions. Generally, endorsement and 
sponsorship payments are expensed on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract after giving recognition to 
the periodic performance compliance provisions of the contracts. Advertising and promotional expenses, including, 
but not limited to, production costs amounted to $345.7 million, $391.6 million and $353.9 million for the years 
ended  December  31, 2020,  2019  and  2018,  respectively.  Advertising  and  promotional  expenses  are  included  in 
operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. 

Income Taxes – The Company utilizes the liability method of accounting for income taxes as set forth in 
FASB  ASC 740.  Under  the  liability  method,  deferred  taxes  are  determined  based  on  the  temporary  differences 
between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using tax rates expected to be in effect during 
the years in which the basis differences reverse. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not 
that  some  of  the  deferred  tax  assets  will  not  be  realized.  In  determining  the  need  for  valuation  allowances  the 
Company considers projected future taxable income and the availability of tax planning strategies. If in the future 
the Company determines that it would not be able to realize its  recorded deferred tax assets, an increase  in the 
valuation allowance would be recorded, decreasing earnings in the period in which such determination is made. 

The Company assesses its income tax positions and records tax benefits for all years subject to examination 
based upon the Company’s evaluation of the facts, circumstances and information available at the reporting date. 
For those tax positions where there is a greater than 50% likelihood that a tax benefit will be sustained, the Company 
has recorded the largest amount of tax benefit that may potentially be realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing 
authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. For those income tax positions where there is less than 
50% likelihood that a tax benefit will be sustained, no tax benefit has been recognized in the financial statements. 

Stock-Based Compensation – The Company accounts for stock-based compensation under the provisions 
of FASB ASC 718.  The Company records compensation expense for employee stock options based on the estimated 
fair value of the options on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing formula. The Company 
records compensation expense for non-employee stock options based on the estimated fair value of the options as 
of the earlier of (1) the date at which a commitment for performance by the non-employee to earn the stock option 
is reached or (2) the date at which the non-employee’s performance is complete, using the Black-Scholes-Merton 
option pricing formula. Stock-based compensation cost for restricted stock units and performance share units is 
measured based on the closing fair market value of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant. In the event 

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MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

that the Company has the option and intent to settle a restricted stock unit or performance share unit in cash, the 
award is classified as a liability and revalued at each balance sheet date. See Note 15. 

Net Income Per Common Share – In accordance with FASB ASC 260, net income per common share, on a 
basic and diluted basis, is presented for all periods.  Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income 
by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted net income per share 
is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common and dilutive common equivalent 
shares outstanding. The calculation of common equivalent shares assumes the exercise of dilutive stock options, 
net of assumed treasury share repurchases at average market prices, as applicable. 

Concentration of Risk – Certain of the Company’s products utilize components (raw materials and/or co-
packing  services)  from  a  limited  number  of  sources.  A  disruption  in  the  supply  of  such  components  could 
significantly affect the Company’s revenues from those products, as alternative sources of such components may 
not be available at commercially reasonable rates or within a reasonably short time period. The Company continues 
to  endeavor  to  secure  the  availability  of  alternative  sources  for  such  components  and  minimize  the  risk  of  any 
disruption in production. 

The  Coca-Cola  Company  (“TCCC”), 

through  certain  wholly-owned  subsidiaries  (the  “TCCC 
Subsidiaries”),  accounted  for  approximately  2%,  2%  and  3%  of  the  Company’s  net  sales  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Coca-Cola Consolidated, Inc. accounted for approximately 12%, 13% and 13% of the Company’s net sales 

for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Reyes Coca-Cola Bottling, LLC accounted for approximately 11%, 11% and 12% of the Company’s net 

sales for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Coca-Cola European Partners accounted for approximately 10% of the Company’s net sales for the years 

ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. 

Credit Risk – The Company sells its products nationally and internationally, primarily to bottlers and full 
service  beverage  distributors,  retail  grocery  and  specialty  chains,  wholesalers,  club  stores,  mass  merchandisers, 
convenience chains, drug stores, foodservice customers, value stores, e-commerce retailers and the military. The 
Company  performs  ongoing  credit  evaluations  of  its  customers  and  generally  does  not  require  collateral.  The 
Company  maintains  reserves  for  estimated  credit  losses,  and  historically,  such  losses  have  been  within 
management’s expectations. 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments – The carrying value of the Company’s financial instruments, including 
cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, approximate fair value due 
to the relatively short maturity of the respective instruments. 

Use  of  Estimates  –  The  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  GAAP 
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities 
and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of 
revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates. 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements 

In  December  2019,  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  (“FASB”)  issued  Accounting  Standards 
Update  (“ASU”)  No.  2019-12,  “Simplifying  the  Accounting  for  Income  Taxes”,  as  part  of  its  simplification 
initiative to reduce the cost and complexity in accounting for income taxes. ASU No. 2019-12 removes certain 

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MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

exceptions related to the approach for intra-period tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in 
an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. ASU No. 2019-12 also 
amends other aspects of the guidance to help simplify and promote consistent application of GAAP. The guidance 
was effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. 
The adoption of ASU No. 2019-12 did not  have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of 
operations and liquidity. 

In  August  2018,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2018-15,  “Intangibles–Goodwill  and  Other–Internal–Use 
Software  (Topic  350):  Customer’s  Accounting  for  Implementation  Costs  Incurred  in  a  Cloud  Computing 
Arrangement That is a Service Contract.” ASU No. 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation 
costs  incurred  in  a  hosting  arrangement  that  is  a  service  contract,  with  the  requirements  for  capitalizing 
implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. ASU No. 2018-15 was effective for the 
Company on a prospective or retrospective basis beginning on January 1, 2020. The adoption of ASU No. 2018-15 
did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and liquidity. 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14, “Compensation–Retirement Benefits–Defined Benefit 
Plans–General (Topic 715): Disclosure Framework–Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit 
Plans.”  ASU  No.  2018-14  removes  certain  disclosures  that  are  not  considered  cost  beneficial,  clarifies  certain 
required disclosures and requires certain additional disclosures. ASU No. 2018-14 was effective for the Company 
on a retrospective basis beginning in the year ending December 31, 2020. The adoption of ASU No. 2018-14 did 
not have a material impact on the Company’s disclosures, financial position, results of operations and liquidity. 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure 
Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.” ASU No. 2018-13 removes 
certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value hierarchy, modifies existing disclosure requirements related 
to  measurement  uncertainty  and  adds  new  disclosure  requirements.  ASU  No.  2018-13  disclosure  requirements 
include disclosing the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income 
for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period and the range and weighted 
average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. ASU No. 2018-13 was 
effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2020. The adoption of ASU No. 2018-13 did not have a material 
impact on the Company’s disclosures, financial position, results of operations and liquidity. 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, “Intangibles and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the 
Test for Goodwill Impairment”, which eliminates the requirement to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill, 
but rather requires an entity to record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying value 
over its fair value. This amendment was effective for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years 
beginning  after  December  15,  2019.  The  adoption  of  ASU  No.  2017-04  did  not  have  a  material  impact  on  the 
Company’s financial position, results of operations and liquidity. 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): 
Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” The accounting standard changes the methodology for 
measuring credit losses on financial instruments and the timing when such losses are recorded. ASU No. 2016-13 
was  effective  for  fiscal  years,  and  interim  periods  within  those  years,  beginning  after  December  15,  2019.  The 
adoption of ASU No. 2016-13 did not have a material impact on the Company’s disclosures, financial position, 
results of operations and liquidity. 

2.          REVENUE RECOGNITION 

Revenues are accounted for in accordance with ASC 606 “Revenue from Contracts with Consumers”. The 
Company has three operating and reportable segments: (i) Monster Energy® Drinks segment (“Monster Energy® 
Drinks”), which is primarily comprised of the Company’s Monster Energy® drinks and Reign Total Body Fuel® 

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MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

high performance energy drinks, (ii) Strategic Brands segment (“Strategic Brands”), which is primarily comprised 
of the various energy drink brands acquired from TCCC in 2015 as well as the Company’s affordable energy brands, 
and (iii) Other segment (“Other”), which is comprised of certain products sold by American Fruits and Flavors, 
LLC,  a  wholly-owned  subsidiary  of  the  Company,  to  independent  third-party  customers  (the  “AFF  Third-Party 
Products”). 

The Company’s Monster Energy® Drinks segment generates net operating revenues by selling ready-to-
full  service  beverage  bottlers/distributors 
to  bottlers  and 
drink  packaged  energy  drinks  primarily 
(“bottlers/distributors”).  In  some  cases,  the  Company  sells  directly  to  retail  grocery  and  specialty  chains, 
wholesalers, club stores, mass merchandisers, convenience chains, drug stores, foodservice customers, value stores, 
e-commerce retailers and the military.  

The  Company’s  Strategic  Brands  segment  primarily  generates  net  operating  revenues  by  selling 
“concentrates”  and/or  “beverage  bases”  to  authorized  bottling  and  canning  operations.  Such  bottlers  generally 
combine the concentrates and/or beverage bases with sweeteners, water and other ingredients to produce ready-to-
drink packaged energy drinks. The ready-to-drink packaged energy drinks are then sold by such bottlers to other 
bottlers/distributors  and  to  retail  grocery  and  specialty  chains,  wholesalers,  club  stores,  mass  merchandisers, 
convenience chains, foodservice customers, drug stores, value stores, e-commerce retailers and the military. To a 
lesser  extent,  the  Strategic  Brands  segment  generates  net  operating  revenues  by  selling  certain  ready-to-drink 
packaged energy drinks to bottlers/distributors. 

The majority of the Company’s revenue is recognized when it satisfies a single performance obligation by 
transferring control of its products to a customer. Control is generally transferred when the Company’s products are 
either shipped or delivered based on the terms contained within the underlying contracts or agreements. Certain of 
the Company’s bottlers/distributors may also perform a separate function as a co-packer on the Company’s behalf. 
In such cases, control of the Company’s products passes to such bottlers/distributors when they notify the Company 
that they have taken possession or transferred the relevant portion of the Company’s finished goods. The Company’s 
general payment terms are short-term in duration. The Company does not have significant financing components 
or payment terms. The Company did not have any material unsatisfied performance obligations as of December 31, 
2020 and December 31, 2019. 

The Company excludes from revenues all taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are imposed on 

the sale of its products and collected from customers.  

Distribution expenses to transport the Company’s products, where applicable, and warehousing expense 

after manufacture are accounted for within operating expenses.  

Promotional and other allowances (variable consideration) recorded as a reduction to net sales, primarily 
include consideration given to the Company’s bottlers/distributors or retail customers including, but not limited to 
the following:  

  discounts granted off list prices to support price promotions to end-consumers by retailers;  
 

reimbursements  given  to  the  Company’s  bottlers/distributors  for  agreed  portions  of  their 
promotional spend with retailers, including slotting, shelf space allowances and other fees for both 
new and existing products;  
the  Company’s  agreed  share  of  fees  given  to  bottlers/distributors and/or  directly  to  retailers  for 
advertising, in-store marketing and promotional activities;  
the Company’s agreed share of slotting, shelf space allowances and other fees given directly to 
retailers, club stores and/or wholesalers;  
incentives given to the Company’s bottlers/distributors and/or retailers for achieving or exceeding 
certain predetermined sales goals;  

 

 

 

  discounted or free products;  

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MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

 

 

contractual fees given to the Company’s bottlers/distributors related to sales made directly by the 
Company to certain customers that fall within the bottlers’/distributors’ sales territories; and  
commissions  to  TCCC  based  on  the  Company’s  sales  to  certain  wholly-owned  subsidiaries  of 
TCCC  (the  “TCCC  Subsidiaries”)  and/or  to  certain  companies  accounted  for  under  the  equity 
method by TCCC (the “TCCC Related Parties”). 

The Company’s promotional allowance programs with its bottlers/distributors and/or retailers are executed 
through separate agreements in the ordinary course  of business. These agreements generally provide for one or 
more of the arrangements described above and are of varying durations, typically ranging from one week to one 
year.  The  Company’s  promotional  and  other  allowances  are  calculated  based  on  various  programs  with 
bottlers/distributors  and  retail  customers,  and  accruals  are  established  at  the  time  of  initial  product  sale  for  the 
Company’s  anticipated  liabilities.  These  accruals  are  based  on  agreed  upon  terms  as  well  as  the  Company’s 
historical  experience  with  similar  programs  and  require  management’s  judgment  with  respect  to  estimating 
consumer participation and/or bottler/distributor and retail customer performance levels. Differences between such 
estimated  expenses  and  actual  expenses  for  promotional  and  other  allowance  costs  have  historically  been 
insignificant and are recognized in earnings in the period such differences are determined. 

Amounts  received  pursuant  to  new  and/or  amended  distribution  agreements  entered  into  with  certain 
bottlers/distributors relating to the costs associated with terminating the Company’s prior distributors, are accounted 
for as revenue ratably over the anticipated life of the respective distribution agreements, generally over 20 years. 

The Company also enters into license agreements that generate revenues associated with third-party sales 
of non-beverage products bearing the Company’s trademarks including, but not limited to, clothing, hats, t-shirts, 
jackets, helmets and automotive wheels. 

Management believes that adequate provision has been made for cash discounts, returns and spoilage based 

on the Company’s historical experience. 

Disaggregation of Revenue 

The  following  table  disaggregates  the  Company’s  revenue  by  geographical  markets  and  reportable 

segments: 

Year Ended December 31, 2020 
Latin 

  America   

Net Sales 
Monster Energy® Drinks 
Strategic Brands 
Other 
Total Net Sales 

Net Sales 
Monster Energy® Drinks 
Strategic Brands 
Other 
Total Net Sales 

U.S. and 
     EMEA2       Asia Pacific     Caribbean     
     Canada 
  $ 3,020,667   $  675,045   $   400,317   $ 209,217   $  4,305,246 
 266,354 
 27,038 
  $ 3,214,566   $  745,827   $   423,792   $ 214,453   $  4,598,638 

 166,861  
 27,038  

 70,782  
 —  

 23,475  
 —  

 5,236  
 —  

Total 

and 

Year Ended December 31, 2019 
Latin 

  America 

and 

  U.S. and 
 Canada 

     EMEA2      Asia Pacific         Caribbean     
  $ 2,799,701   $ 599,706   $   326,684   $   177,938   $  3,904,029 
 274,925 
 21,865 
  $ 2,995,534   $ 674,509   $   351,744   $   179,032   $  4,200,819 

 173,968  
 21,865  

 74,803  
 —  

 25,060  
 —  

 1,094  
 —  

Total 

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MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

Year Ended December 31, 2018 
      Latin 
  America   

and 

EMEA2    Asia Pacific   Caribbean  

Total 

U.S. and 
Canada 

  $ 2,627,000   $ 500,826   $   225,172   $  145,429   $  3,498,427 
 285,836 
 22,920 
  $ 2,829,597   $ 578,667   $   251,426   $  147,493   $  3,807,183 

 179,677  
 22,920  

 26,254  
 — 

 77,841  
 — 

 2,064  
 —  

Net Sales 
Monster Energy® Drinks 
Strategic Brands 
Other 
Total Net Sales 

2Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”) 

Contract Liabilities 

Amounts  received  from  certain  bottlers/distributors  at  inception  of  their  distribution  contracts  or  at  the 
inception of certain sales/marketing programs are accounted for as deferred revenue. As of December 31, 2020 and 
2019, the Company had $309.9 million and $331.7 million of deferred revenue, respectively, which is included in 
current  and  long-term  deferred  revenue  in  the  Company’s  consolidated  balance  sheet.  During  the  years  ended 
December  31,  2020,  2019  and  2018,  $42.1  million,  $46.3  million  and  $44.3  million,  respectively,  of  deferred 
revenue, was recognized in net sales. See Note 10. 

3.          LEASES 

The  Company  leases  identified  assets  comprising  real  estate  and  equipment.    Real  estate  leases  consist 
primarily of office and warehouse space and equipment leases consist of vehicles and warehouse equipment. At the 
inception  of  a  contract,  the  Company  assesses  whether  the  contract  is,  or  contains,  a  lease.  The  Company’s 
assessment  is  based  on:  (1)  whether  the  contract  involves  the  use  of  a  distinct  identified  asset,  (2)  whether  the 
Company obtains the right to substantially all the economic benefit from the use of the asset throughout the term, 
and (3) whether the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset. At inception of a lease, the Company 
allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease and non-lease component based on the component’s relative 
stand-alone price to determine the lease payments. Lease and non-lease components are accounted for separately. 

Leases are classified as either finance leases or operating leases based on criteria in ASC 842, “Leases”. 
The Company’s operating leases are comprised of real estate and warehouse equipment, and the Company’s finance 
leases are comprised of vehicles.  

Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on 
the  present  value  of  lease  payments  over  the  lease  term.  As  the  Company’s  leases  generally  do  not  provide  an 
implicit  rate,  the  Company  uses  its  incremental  borrowing  rate  based  on  the  estimated  rate  of  interest  for 
collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease payments at commencement date. ROU assets also include 
any lease payments made and exclude lease incentives. Lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease 
when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. 

Certain of the Company’s real estate leases contain variable lease payments, including payments based on 
an index or rate. Variable lease payments based on an index or rate are initially measured using the index or rate in 
effect at the lease commencement date. Additional payments based on the change in an index or rate, or payments 
based on a change in the Company’s portion of real estate taxes and insurance, are recorded as a period expense 
when incurred.  

Lease expense for operating leases, consisting of lease payments, is recognized on a straight-line basis over 
the lease term and is included in operating expenses in the consolidated statement of income. Lease expense for 

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MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

finance leases consists of the amortization of the ROU asset on a straight-line basis over the asset’s estimated useful 
life  and  is  included  in  operating  expenses  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  income.  Interest  expense  on  finance 
leases is calculated using the amortized cost basis and is included in other (expense) income, net in the consolidated 
statement of income.  

The Company’s leases have remaining lease terms of less than one year to 13 years, some of which include 
options to extend the leases for up to five years, and some of which include options to terminate the leases within 
one year.  The Company has elected not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for short-term operating leases 
that have a term of 12 months or less.  

The components of lease cost for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows: 

Operating lease cost 

Short-term lease cost 

Variable lease cost 

Finance leases: 

Amortization of ROU assets 
Interest on lease liabilities 

Finance lease cost 

2020 

2019 

    $ 

 4,637     $ 

 3,408  

 719  

 626  
 39  
 665  

 4,899 

 3,406 

 640 

 436 
 56 
 492 

Total lease cost 

  $ 

 9,429   $ 

 9,437 

Rent expense under operating lease agreements was $6.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. 

Supplemental cash flow information for leases for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 were as 

follows: 

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:       
  $ 

Operating cash flows from operating leases 
Operating cash flows from finance leases 
Financing cash flows from finance leases 

ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: 

Finance leases 
Operating leases 

2020 

2019 

 3,982   $ 
 39  
 3,086  

 4,077 
 56 
 2,223 

 2,417  
 3,003  

 2,866 
 34,931 

ROU assets for operating and finance leases recognized in the consolidated balance sheets were 

comprised of the following at: 

December 31, 2020  

Operating leases 
Finance leases 

 22,565    $ 
 —  

     Real Estate     Equipment      Total 
   $ 

 189    $ 22,754    Other Assets 

     Balance Sheet Location 

 2,120  

 2,120    Property and Equipment, net 

94 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

December 31, 2019 

Operating leases 
Finance leases 

  Real Estate     Equipment       Total 
  $ 

 416   $ 31,342    Other Assets 

     Balance Sheet Location 

 2,632  

 2,632    Property and Equipment, net 

 30,926   $ 
 —  

Operating and finance lease liabilities recognized in the consolidated balance sheets were as follows at: 

December 31, 2020 

Accrued liabilities 
Other liabilities 

Total 

Accrued liabilities 
Other liabilities 

Total 

  Operating Leases     Finance Leases 
 799 
 3,171   $ 
     $ 
 24 
 823 

 17,342  
 20,513   $ 

  $ 

December 31, 2019 

    Operating Leases     Finance Leases
 1,485 
 2,812     $ 
    $ 
 — 
 1,485 

 25,651  
 28,463   $ 

  $ 

The weighted-average remaining lease terms and weighted-average discount rates for operating and finance 

leases were as follows at: 

Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) 
Weighted-average discount rate 

December 31, 2020 
    Operating Leases      Finance Leases   

 9.4   
 3.6 %   

 0.6  
 1.9 %

Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) 
Weighted-average discount rate 

December 31, 2019 
    Operating Leases      Finance Leases 
 0.6  
 2.9 %

 3.1 %   

 10.1  

The following table reconciles the undiscounted future lease payments for operating and finance leases to 

the operating and finance leases recorded in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2020: 

2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 
2026 and thereafter 

Total lease payments 
Less imputed interest 

Total 

    Undiscounted Future Lease Payments
  Operating Leases       Finance Leases 
 803 
 3,785   $ 
  $  
 11 
 3,131  
 11 
 2,387  
 3 
 1,899  
 — 
 1,603  
 11,588  
 — 
 828 
 24,393  
 (5)
 (3,880) 
 823 
 20,513   $ 

  $ 

95 

 
 
  
 
    
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

As of December 31, 2020, the Company did not have any significant additional operating or finance 

leases that had not yet commenced. 

4.          INVESTMENTS 

The following table summarizes the Company’s investments at: 

  Gross 

  Gross 
  Unrealized   Unrealized   
  Amortized   Holding    Holding   
  Gains 

  Losses 

Cost 

Fair 
   Value 

  Continuous    Continuous 
  Unrealized    Unrealized 
  Loss Position   Loss Position 
less than 12    greater than 12 

  Months 

   Months 

December 31, 2020 
Available-for-sale 
Short-term: 

Commercial paper 
Certificates of deposit 
Municipal securities 
U.S. government agency securities  
U.S. treasuries 

  $ 119,886   $ 
 20,387    
 9,083     
 81,521     
  650,386    

Long-term: 

U.S. government agency securities  
U.S. treasuries 

 10,350    
 33,946    

Total 

  $ 925,559   $ 

 —  $ 
 —   
 —    
 13    
 150   

 1   
 1   
 165  $ 

 —  $ 119,886   $ 
 20,387    
 —   
 9,083     
 —    
 81,531     
 3    
 69    650,467    

 —   
 7   

 10,351    
 33,940    
 79  $ 925,645   $ 

 —   $ 
 —    
 —     
 3     
 69    

 —    
 7    
 79   $ 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 — 

  Gross 
  Unrealized   Unrealized    

Gross 

  Amortized   Holding    Holding   
   Gains 
      Cost 

   Losses 

Fair 
   Value 

  Continuous    Continuous 
  Unrealized    Unrealized 
  Loss Position   Loss Position 
  less than 12    greater than 12 
  Months 

    Months 

December 31, 2019 
Available-for-sale 
Short-term: 

Commercial paper 
Certificates of deposit 
Municipal securities 
U.S. government agency securities  
U.S. treasuries 
Variable rate demand notes 

  $   83,478   $ 
 28,049    
   147,983     
 40,620     
   211,055    
 21,680  

Long-term: 

Municipal securities 
U.S. government agency securities  
U.S. treasuries 

 1,562    
 5,267    
 6,077    

Total 

  $  545,771   $ 

 —   $ 
 —  
 145  
 5  
 134  
 — 

 —  
 —  
 1  
 285   $ 

 —   $   83,478   $ 
 —    
 28,049    
 20      148,108     
 35     
 40,590     
 31      211,158    
 21,680    
 —  

 1    
 1,561    
 1    
 5,266    
 6,078    
 —    
 88   $  545,968   $ 

 —   $ 
 —    
 20     
 35     
 31    
 —  

 1    
 1    
 —    
 88   $ 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, realized gains or losses recognized on the sale 

of investments were not significant.  

The  Company’s  investments  at  December  31,  2020  and  2019  carried  investment  grade  credit  ratings. 
Variable rate demand notes (“VRDNs”) are floating rate municipal bonds with embedded put options that allow the 
bondholder to sell the security at par plus accrued interest. All of the put options are secured by a pledged liquidity 
source.  While  they  are  classified  as  marketable  investment  securities,  the  put  option  allows  the  VRDNs  to  be 
liquidated at par on a same day, or more generally, on a seven-day settlement basis.  

96 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
   
  
  
   
   
 
 
   
  
  
   
   
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
   
  
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
    
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
    
   
   
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
    
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

The following table summarizes the underlying contractual maturities of the Company’s investments at: 

December 31, 2020 

December 31, 2019 

    Amortized Cost     Fair Value      Amortized Cost     Fair Value 

Less than 1 year: 

  $ 

Commercial paper 
Municipal securities 
U.S. government agency securities  
Certificates of deposit  
U.S. treasuries 
Due 1 -10 years: 

Municipal securities 
U.S. treasuries 
U.S. government agency securities  
Variable rate demand notes 

Due 11 - 20 years: 

Variable rate demand notes 

Due 21 - 30 years: 

Variable rate demand notes 

Due 31 - 40 years: 

Variable rate demand notes 

 119,886   $ 119,886    $ 

 9,083  
 81,521  
 20,387  
 650,386  

 9,083   
 81,531   
 20,387   
   650,467  

 83,478   $  83,478 
   148,108 
    40,590 
    28,049 
   211,158 

 147,983  
 40,620  
 28,049  
 211,055  

 —  
 33,946  
 10,350  
 —  

 —   
 33,940  
 10,351   
 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  

 —   

 —   

 —  

 1,562  
 6,077  
 5,267  
 3,905  

 1,561 
 6,078 
 5,266 
 3,905 

 8,886  

 8,886 

 6,885  

 6,885 

 2,004  

 2,004 
 545,771   $ 545,968 

Total 

  $ 

 925,559   $ 925,645    $ 

5.          FAIR VALUE OF CERTAIN FINANCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES 

FASB ASC 820 provides a framework for measuring fair value and requires expanded disclosures regarding 
fair value measurements. FASB ASC 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or 
paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. FASB 
ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs, 
where available. The three levels of inputs required by the standard that the Company uses to measure fair value 
are summarized below. 

  Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. 

  Level 2: Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; 
quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by 
observable market data for substantially the full term of the related assets or liabilities. 

  Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to 

the fair value of the assets or liabilities. 

FASB ASC 820 requires the use of observable market inputs (quoted market prices) when measuring fair 

value and requires a Level 1 quoted price to be used to measure fair value whenever possible. 

97 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

The following tables present the fair value of Company's financial assets and liabilities that are recorded at 

fair value on a recurring basis, segregated among the appropriate levels within the fair value hierarchy at: 

December 31, 2020 
Cash 
Money market funds 
Certificates of deposit  
Commercial paper 
Municipal securities 
U.S. government agency securities 
U.S. treasuries  
Foreign currency derivatives 

      Level 1 
  $  796,421   $
 352,730  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  

     Level 2        Level 3 
 —   $
 —  
 23,137  
   130,883  
 9,083  
 91,882  
   701,922  
 (2,578) 

Total 
 —   $ 
 796,421 
 —  
 352,730 
 —  
 23,137 
 —  
 130,883 
 —  
 9,083 
 —  
 91,882 
 —  
 701,922 
 (2,578)
 —  
 —   $  2,103,480 

Total 

  $ 1,149,151   $ 954,329   $

Amounts included in: 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Short-term investments 
Accounts receivable, net 
Investments 
Accrued liabilities 

Total 

December 31, 2019 
Cash 
Money market funds 
Certificates of deposit 
Commercial paper 
Variable rate demand notes 
Municipal securities 
U.S. government agency securities 
U.S. treasuries 
Foreign currency derivatives 

  $ 1,149,151   $  31,262   $

 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  

   881,354  
 69  
 44,291  
 (2,647) 

  $ 1,149,151   $ 954,329   $

 —   $  1,180,413 
 881,354 
 —  
 69 
 —  
 44,291 
 —  
 —  
 (2,647)
 —   $  2,103,480 

     Level 1        Level 2       Level 3 
  $ 518,178   $
   191,131  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  

 —   $ 
 —  
 28,049  
 96,867  
 21,680  
   167,224  
 73,634  
   247,162  
 (687) 

Total 
 518,178 
 —   $ 
 191,131 
 —  
 28,049 
 —  
 96,867 
 —  
 21,680 
 —  
 167,224 
 —  
 73,634 
 —  
 247,162 
 —  
 —  
 (687)
 —   $  1,343,238 

Total 

  $ 709,309   $ 633,929   $ 

Amounts included in: 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Short-term investments 
Accounts receivable, net 
Investments 
Accrued liabilities 

Total 

  $ 709,309   $  88,648   $ 

 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  

   533,063  
 329  
 12,905  
 (1,016) 

  $ 709,309   $ 633,929   $ 

 797,957 
 —   $ 
 533,063 
 —  
 329 
 —  
 12,905 
 —  
 —  
 (1,016)
 —   $  1,343,238 

98 

 
 
    
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
    
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

All of the Company’s short-term and long-term investments are classified within Level 1 or Level 2 within 
the fair value hierarchy.  The Company’s valuation of its Level 1 investments, which include money market funds, 
is based on quoted market prices in active markets for identical securities. The Company’s valuation of its Level 2 
investments, which include municipal securities, commercial paper, U.S. treasuries, certificates of deposit, VRDNs 
and U.S. government agency securities, is based on other observable inputs, specifically a market approach which 
utilizes valuation models, pricing systems, mathematical tools and other relevant information for the same or similar 
securities. The Company’s valuation of its Level 2 foreign currency exchange contracts is based on quoted market 
prices of the same or similar instruments, adjusted for counterparty risk. There were no transfers between Level 1 
and Level 2 measurements during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, and there were no changes in the 
Company’s valuation techniques. 

6.          DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES 

The Company is exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risks related primarily to its foreign business 
operations. During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company entered into forward currency 
exchange contracts with financial institutions to create an economic hedge to specifically manage a portion of the 
foreign  exchange  risk  exposure  associated  with  certain  consolidated  subsidiaries’  non-functional  currency 
denominated assets and liabilities. All foreign currency exchange contracts entered into by the Company that were 
outstanding as of December 31, 2020 have terms of three months or less. The Company does not enter into forward 
currency exchange contracts for speculation or trading purposes.  

The Company has not designated its foreign currency exchange contracts as hedge transactions under FASB 
ASC 815. Therefore, gains and losses on the Company’s foreign currency exchange contracts are recognized in 
other income, net, in the consolidated statements of income, and are largely offset by the changes in the fair value 
of the underlying economically hedged item.  

The  notional  amount  and  fair  value  of  all  outstanding  foreign  currency  derivative  instruments  in  the 

consolidated balance sheets consist of the following at: 

Derivatives not designated as 
hedging instruments under 
FASB ASC 815-20 

Assets: 

Foreign currency exchange contracts: 

Receive SGD/pay USD 
Receive RSD/pay USD 

Liabilities: 

Foreign currency exchange contracts: 

Receive EUR/pay USD 
Receive USD/pay GBP 
Receive USD/pay AUD 
Receive USD/pay ZAR 
Receive USD/pay COP 
Receive USD/pay CNY 
Receive USD/pay RUB 
Receive NOK/pay USD 
Receive USD/pay NZD 
Receive SEK/pay USD 
Receive USD/pay DKK 

December 31, 2020 

Notional  
      Amount 

Fair 
 Value 

      Balance Sheet Location 

  $ 

 18,713   $ 
 10,127  

 41   Accounts receivable, net
 28   Accounts receivable, net

 1,298,899   $ 
 35,256  
 8,508  
 2,403  
 5,436  
 12,344  
 7,780  
 4,411  
 2,290  
 2,275 
 3,151 

 (1,768)  Accrued liabilities 
 (416)   Accrued liabilities 
 (130)  Accrued liabilities 
 (106)   Accrued liabilities 
 (93)  Accrued liabilities 
 (50)  Accrued liabilities 
 (40)  Accrued liabilities 
 (18)   Accrued liabilities 
 (13)   Accrued liabilities 
 Accrued liabilities 
 (10)
 Accrued liabilities 
 (3)

  $ 

99 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

December 31, 2019 

Derivatives not designated as 
hedging instruments under 
FASB ASC 815-20 

  Notional   
       Amount      

Fair 
 Value 

     Balance Sheet Location 

Assets: 

Foreign currency exchange contracts: 

Receive EUR/pay USD 
Receive RSD/pay USD 
Receive NOK/pay USD 
Receive USD/pay SGD 

Liabilities: 

Foreign currency exchange contracts: 

Receive USD/pay GBP 
Receive USD/pay AUD 
Receive USD/pay RUB 
Receive USD/pay NZD 
Receive USD/pay ZAR 
Receive USD/pay COP 
Receive USD/pay DKK 

  $  26,731   $

 9,018  
 2,122  
 1,555  

 246    Accounts receivable, net
 59    Accounts receivable, net
 17    Accounts receivable, net
 7    Accounts receivable, net

  $  38,406   $
 12,819  
 12,777  
 3,071  
 3,349  
 3,793  
 1,283  

 (695)   Accrued liabilities 
 (172)   Accrued liabilities 
 (55)  Accrued liabilities 
 (33)  Accrued liabilities 
 (32)   Accrued liabilities 
 (18)   Accrued liabilities 
 (11)   Accrued liabilities 

The net gain (loss) on derivative instruments in the consolidated statements of income was as follows: 

Location of gain (loss) 
recognized in income on 
derivatives 
   Other (expense) income, net   $ 

Amount of gain (loss) 
recognized in income on 
derivatives 
Year ended 
  December 31,   December 31,   December 31,  
2019 

2020 

2018 

 (3,317)  $ 

 (2,555)  $ 

 9,737 

Derivatives not designated as 
hedging instruments under 
FASB ASC 815-20 

Foreign currency exchange contracts 

7.          INVENTORIES 

Inventories consist of the following at December 31: 

Raw materials 
Finished goods 

2020 

      2019 

  $ 155,166   $ 134,885 
   225,846 
  $ 333,085   $ 360,731 

   177,919  

100 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

8.          PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, Net 

Property and equipment consist of the following at December 31: 

Land 
Leasehold improvements 
Furniture and fixtures 
Office and computer equipment 
Computer software 
Equipment 
Buildings 
Vehicles 

Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization 

2020 

2019 

 $  85,876   $  78,275 
 10,417 
 11,524  
 8,426 
 8,271  
 22,766 
 21,657  
 4,450 
 6,945  
    214,293 
     185,348  
    126,338 
     156,616  
 41,109 
 43,173  
    506,074 
     519,410  
   (207,434)
    (204,754) 
 $  314,656   $  298,640 

Total depreciation and amortization expense recorded was $49.3 million, $49.1 million and $45.0 million 

for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

9.          GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

The following is a roll-forward of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 by reportable 

segment:  

Balance at December 31, 2019 
Acquisitions 
Balance at December 31, 2020 

Balance at December 31, 2018 
Acquisitions 
Balance at December 31, 2019 

  Monster   
  Energy®   Strategic   
      Drinks 
  $ 693,644   $ 637,999   $ 

 —  

 —  

  $ 693,644   $ 637,999   $ 

     Brands       Other      

Total 

 —   $ 1,331,643 
 —  
 — 
 —   $ 1,331,643 

  Monster   
  Energy®   Strategic   
      Drinks 
  $ 693,644   $ 637,999   $ 

 —  

 —  

  $ 693,644   $ 637,999   $ 

 Brands       Other      

Total 

 —   $ 1,331,643 
 —  
 — 
 —   $ 1,331,643 

Intangible assets consist of the following at: 

Amortizing intangibles 
Accumulated amortization 

Non-amortizing intangibles 

    December 31,      December 31, 

2020 

 66,875   $ 
 (56,801) 
 10,074  
 1,048,972  
 1,059,046   $ 

2019 

 66,949 
 (49,128)
 17,821 
 1,034,284 
 1,052,105 

  $ 

  $ 

101 

 
 
 
 
    
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

Amortizing intangibles primarily consist of customer relationships. All amortizing intangibles have been 
assigned an estimated finite useful life and such intangibles are amortized on a straight-line basis over the number 
of years that approximate their respective useful lives, generally five to seven years. Total amortization expense 
recorded was $7.7 million, $11.6 million and $11.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, 
respectively. Total impairment recorded was $8.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. No impairment 
was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.  

The following is the future estimated amortization expense related to amortizing intangibles as of December 

31, 2020: 

Year Ending December 31: 

2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 
2026 and thereafter 

  $ 

 4,426 
 4,405 
 1,111 
 13 
 13 
 106 
  $   10,074 

At December 31, 2020, non-amortizing intangibles primarily consist of indefinite-lived tradenames, flavors 

and formulas. 

10.          DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENTS 

In accordance with FASB ASC 420 “Exit or Disposal Cost Obligations”, the Company expenses distributor 
termination costs in the period in which the written notification of termination occurs.  As a result, the Company 
incurred termination costs of $0.2 million, $11.3 million and $26.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 
2019  and  2018,  respectively.  Such  termination  costs  have  been  expensed  in  full  and  are  included  in  operating 
expenses for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. 

In  the  normal  course  of  business,  amounts  received  pursuant  to  new  and/or  amended  distribution 
agreements  entered  into  with  certain  bottlers/distributors,    relating  to  the  costs  associated  with  terminating 
agreements  with the Company’s prior distributors, are  accounted for as deferred revenue  and are recognized as 
revenue  ratably  over  the  anticipated  life  of  the  respective  distribution  agreement,  generally  20  years.  Revenue 
recognized was $21.4 million, $25.0 million and $21.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 
2018, respectively. 

11.        DEBT 

The Company entered into a credit facility with Comerica Bank (“Comerica”) consisting of a revolving line 
of credit, which was amended in April 2020, under which the Company may borrow up to $10.0 million of non-
collateralized debt.  The revolving line of credit is effective through June 1, 2025. Interest on borrowings under the 
line of credit is based on Comerica’s base (prime) rate minus 1.00% to 1.50%, or London Interbank Offered Rates 
plus  an  additional  percentage  of  1.25%  to  1.75%,  depending  upon  certain  financial  ratios  maintained  by  the 
Company. The Company had no outstanding borrowings on this line of credit at December 31, 2020. Under this 
revolving line of credit, the Company may also issue standby Letters of Credit with an aggregate amount of up to 
$4.0 million.  The fee on the standby Letters of Credit ranges from 1.00% to 1.50% depending upon certain financial 
ratios maintained by the Company.  The Company had no outstanding standby Letters of Credit at December 31, 
2020. 

102 

 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

In December 2016, the Company entered into a credit facility with HSBC Bank (China) Company Limited, 
Shanghai Branch consisting of a non-collateralized working capital line of credit. In February 2018, the working 
capital line limit was increased to $15.0 million. At December 31, 2020, the interest rate on borrowings under the 
line of credit was 5.5%. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had no amounts outstanding on this line of credit. 

12.        COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

The  Company  is  obligated  under  various  non-cancellable  lease  agreements  providing  for  office  space, 
warehouse space, vehicles and warehouse equipment that expire at various dates through the year 2033. See Note 
3. 

Contractual  Obligations  –  The  Company  had  the  following  contractual  obligations  related  primarily  to 

sponsorships and other commitments as of December 31, 2020: 

Year Ending December 31: 

2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 
2026 and thereafter 

   $ 

   $ 

 97,979 
 25,409 
 5,814 
 41 
 12 
 — 
 129,255 

Purchase  Commitments  –  The  Company  had  purchase  commitments  aggregating  approximately  $101.8 
million at December 31, 2020, which represent commitments made by the Company and its subsidiaries to various 
suppliers of raw materials  for  the production of its products. These obligations vary in terms, but are generally 
satisfied within one year. 

The  Company  purchases  various  raw  material  items,  including,  but  not  limited  to,  flavors,  ingredients, 
supplement ingredients, containers, milk, glucose, sucralose, cream and protein, from a limited number of suppliers.  
An interruption in supply from any of such resources could result in the Company’s inability to produce certain 
products for limited or possibly extended periods of time. The aggregate value of purchases from suppliers of such 
limited resources described above for the years  ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $401.8 million, 
$335.3 million and $289.6 million, respectively.  

Guarantees – The Company from time to time enters into certain types of contracts that contingently require 
the  Company  to  indemnify  parties  against  third-party  claims.  These  contracts  primarily  relate  to:  (i) certain 
agreements with the Company’s officers, directors and employees under which the Company may be required to 
indemnify  such  persons  for  liabilities  arising  out  of  their  employment  relationship,  (ii) certain  distribution  or 
purchase agreements under which the Company may have to indemnify the Company’s customers from any claim, 
liability or loss arising out of any actual or alleged injury or damages suffered in connection with the consumption 
or purchase of the Company’s products or the use of Company trademarks, and (iii) certain real estate leases, under 
which the Company may be required to indemnify property owners for liabilities and other claims arising from the 
Company’s use of the applicable premises. The terms of such obligations vary and typically, a maximum obligation 
is  not  explicitly  stated.  Generally,  the  Company  believes  that  its  insurance  coverage  is  adequate  to  cover  any 
resulting liabilities or claims. 

Litigation  –  From  time  to  time  in  the  normal  course  of  business,  the  Company  is  named  in  litigation, 
including  labor  and  employment  matters,  personal  injury  matters,  consumer  class  actions,  intellectual  property 

103 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

matters  and  claims  from  prior  distributors.    Although  it  is  not  possible  to  predict  the  ultimate  outcome  of  such 
litigation, based on the facts known to the Company, management believes that such litigation in aggregate will 
likely not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. 

On September 18, 2020, a derivative complaint was filed on purported behalf of the Company in the United 
States District Court for the Central District of California.  The action is styled Falat v. Sacks, et al., 8:20-cv-01782, 
and asserts claims against certain officers, current and former directors, and employees of the Company, including 
Rodney C. Sacks, Hilton H. Schlosberg, Guy P. Carling, Thomas J. Kelly, Emelie C. Tirre, Mark J. Hall, Kathleen 
E. Ciaramello, Gary P. Fayard, Jeanne P. Jackson, Steven G. Pizula, Benjamin M. Polk, Sydney Selati and Mark S. 
Vidergauz (collectively, the “Individual Defendants”).  The Company is named as a nominal defendant. 

The  derivative  complaint  alleges,  among  other  things,  that  the  Individual  Defendants  breached  their 
fiduciary  duties  to  the  Company  by  allowing  others  to  cause,  or  themselves  causing,  the  Company  to  hide 
discrimination  and  failing  to  ensure  sufficient  diversity,  including  by  permitting  conduct  to  occur  that  was 
inconsistent with statements made in the Company’s policies and disclosures, and failing to ensure the Company’s 
compliance with laws regarding diversity and anti-discrimination.  The complaint also asserts claims for abuse of 
control, unjust enrichment and violation of Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the 
“Exchange  Act”).  The  complaint  seeks  from  the  Individual  Defendants  an  unspecified  amount  of  damages, 
restitution,  punitive  damages  and  costs  to  be  paid  to  the  Company,  and  seeks  to  require  the  Company  to  adopt 
corporate governance reforms, and other equitable relief. 

On January 15, 2021, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the action because the plaintiff failed to make 
a demand on the Company as required by Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 23.1 or to show that demand would have 
been futile. The Individual Defendants also filed a motion to dismiss the complaint for failure to state a claim against 
the  Individual  Defendants,  among  other  reasons.  Those  motions  are  scheduled  for  hearing  in  the  2021  second 
quarter. While the Company continues to evaluate these claims, management believes that such litigation will likely 
not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. 

The Company evaluates, on a quarterly basis, developments in legal proceedings and other matters that 
could cause an increase or decrease in the amount of the liability that is accrued, if any, and any related insurance 
reimbursements.  As  of  December  31,  2020,  the  Company’s  consolidated  balance  sheet  included  accrued  loss 
contingencies of approximately $18.4 million. 

13.        ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) 

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows at December 31: 

Accumulated net unrealized (gain) loss on available-for-sale securities 
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax 
Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 

14.        TREASURY STOCK PURCHASE 

      2019 

     2020 
   $

 84    $

 194 
   (32,581)
   $  3,034    $ (32,387)

 2,950  

On February 26, 2019, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program for the 
purchase of up to $500.0 million of the Company’s outstanding common stock (the “February 2019 Repurchase 
Plan”). During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company purchased 0.6 million shares of common stock at 
an average purchase price of $58.16 per share, for a total amount of $36.6 million (excluding broker commissions), 
which exhausted the availability under the February 2019 Repurchase Plan. Such shares are included in common 
stock in treasury in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2020. 

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MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

On November 6, 2019, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program for 
the  purchase  of  up  to  $500.0  million  of  the  Company’s  outstanding  common  stock  (the  “November  2019 
Repurchase  Plan”).  During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  purchased  9.1  million  shares  of 
common stock at an average purchase price of $54.86 per share, for a total amount of $499.9 million (excluding 
broker commissions), which exhausted the availability under the November 2019 Repurchase Plan. Such shares are 
included in common stock in treasury in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2020. 

On March 13, 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program for the 
purchase  of  up  to  $500.0  million  of  the  Company’s  outstanding  common  stock  (the  “March  2020  Repurchase 
Plan”). During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company purchased 1.0 million shares of common stock at 
an average purchase price of $55.85 per share, for a total amount of $58.5 million (excluding broker commissions), 
under the March 2020 Repurchase Plan. Such shares are included in common stock in treasury in the accompanying 
consolidated balance  sheet  at  December  31,  2020.  As  of  March  1,  2021, $441.5  million  remained  available  for 
repurchase under the March 2020 Repurchase Plan. 

During the year ended December 31, 2020, 0.02 million shares of common stock were purchased from 
employees in lieu of cash payments for options exercised or withholding taxes due for a total amount of $1.0 million. 
While such purchases  are  considered common stock repurchases, they are not counted as purchases  against the 
Company’s authorized share repurchase programs. Such shares are included in common stock in treasury in the 
accompanying consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2020.  

15.        STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION 

The  Company  has  two  stock-based  compensation  plans  under  which  shares  were  available  for  grant  at 
December  31,  2020:  (i)  the  Monster  Beverage  Corporation  2020  Omnibus  Incentive  Plan  (the  “2020  Omnibus 
Incentive Plan”), which includes the Monster Beverage Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan as a sub plan 
thereunder,  and  (ii)  the  Monster  Beverage  Corporation  2017  Compensation  Plan  for  Non-Employee  Directors, 
which includes the Monster Beverage Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors as a 
sub plan thereunder. The 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan was approved by the Board of Directors on April 14, 2020 
and approved by the stockholders of the Company at the annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders held on 
June 3, 2020 (the “Effective Date”).  The 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan replaced the Monster Beverage Corporation 
2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan”). 

The  2020  Omnibus  Incentive  Plan  provides  for  the granting of  stock  options, stock  appreciation  rights, 
restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance awards, and other share-based awards up to an aggregate of 
46,169,367  shares  of  the  Company’s  common  stock,  comprised  of  32,000,000  new  shares  of  common  stock 
reserved under the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan and 14,169,367 shares of common stock that were available for 
grant under the 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan as of December 31, 2019 and prior to the Effective Date. Shares 
authorized under the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan are reduced by one (1) share for options or stock appreciation 
rights granted under the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan and for any grants after December 31, 2019 under the 2011 
Omnibus Incentive Plan, and by 2.6 shares for each share granted or issued with respect to a Full Value Award 
under either the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan or for any shares granted after December 31, 2019 under the 2011 
Omnibus Incentive Plan. A “Full Value Award” is an award other than an incentive stock option, a non-qualified 
stock option, or a stock appreciation right, which is settled by the issuance of shares. Options granted under the 
2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan may be incentive stock options under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code, as 
amended (the “Code”), or non-qualified stock options. 

Shares previously granted under the 2011 Omnibus Incentive Plan after December 31, 2019 and prior to 
the Effective Date of the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan reduced the number of shares available for grant under the 
2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan.  As of December 31, 2020, 1,431,030 shares of the Company’s common stock have 

105 

 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

been granted, net of cancellations, and 44,201,385 shares (as adjusted for Full Value Awards) of the Company’s 
common stock remain available for grant under the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan. 

The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Compensation Committee”) has sole and 
exclusive authority to grant stock awards to all employees who are not new hires and to all new hires  who are 
subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act. Each of the Compensation Committee and the Executive Committee of 
the Board of Directors (the “Executive Committee”) independently has the authority to grant stock awards to new 
hires and employees receiving a promotion who are not Section 16 employees. Awards granted by the Executive 
Committee are not subject to approval or ratification by the Board of Directors or the Compensation Committee. 
Options granted under the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan generally vest over a three- to five-year period from the 
grant date and are generally exercisable up to 10 years after the grant date. Restricted stock units granted under the 
2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan generally vest over a three- or five-year period from the grant date. Performance 
share units will generally vest based on the achievement of performance goals specified for the applicable award. 

In  2016,  the  Company  adopted  the  Deferred  Compensation  Plan  (as  a  sub  plan  to  the  2011  Omnibus 
Incentive Plan), pursuant to which eligible employees may elect to defer cash and/or equity based compensation 
and  to  receive  the  deferred  amounts,  together  with  an  investment  return  (positive  or  negative),  either  at  a  pre-
determined time in the future or upon termination of their employment with the Company or its subsidiaries or 
affiliates that are participating employers under the Deferred Compensation Plan, as provided under the Deferred 
Compensation  Plan  and  in  relevant  deferral  elections.    Deferrals  under  the  Deferred  Compensation  Plan  are 
unfunded  and  unsecured. As  of  December  31,  2020 deferrals  under  the  Deferred  Compensation  Plan  are  solely 
comprised of cash compensation and equity compensation and are not material in the aggregate. 

In 2017, the Company adopted the 2017 Directors Plan, a successor plan to the 2009 Monster Beverage 
Corporation Stock Incentive Plan for Non-Employee Directors. The 2017 Directors Plan permits the granting of 
stock  options,  stock  appreciation  rights,  restricted  shares  or  restricted  stock  units,  deferred  awards,  dividend 
equivalents, and other share based-awards up to an aggregate of 1,250,000 shares of common stock of the Company 
to non-employee directors of the Company.  

Each calendar year, a non-employee director will receive an annual retainer and annual equity award, as 
provided for in the 2017 Directors Plan, which may be modified from time to time.  Currently, with respect to equity 
awards,  each  non-employee  director  receives  an  award  of  restricted  stock  units  at  each  annual  meeting  of  the 
Company’s stockholders or promptly thereafter. A non-employee director’s annual award of restricted stock units 
will generally vest on the earliest to occur of: (a) the last business day immediately preceding the annual meeting 
of the Company’s stockholders in the calendar year following the calendar year in which the grant date occurs, (b) 
a Change of Control (as defined in the 2017 Directors Plan), (c) the non-employee director’s death, or (d) the date 
of  the  non-employee  director’s  separation  from  service  due  to  disability,  so  long  as  the  non-employee  director 
remains  a  non-employee  director  through  such  date.  The  Board  of  Directors  may  in  its  discretion  award  non-
employee directors stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and other share-based awards in lieu of 
or in addition to restricted stock units.  The Board of Directors may amend or terminate the 2017 Directors Plan at 
any time, subject to certain limitations set forth in the 2017 Directors Plan. As of December 31, 2020, 85,699 shares 
of  the  Company’s  common  stock  had been  granted  under  the  2017  Directors Plan,  and  1,164,301  shares  of  the 
Company’s common stock remain available for grant. 

In 2017, the Company adopted the Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors (as a sub plan 
to the 2017 Directors Plan), pursuant to which the Board of Directors may permit non-employee directors to elect, 
at such times and in accordance with rules and procedures (or sub-plan) adopted by the Board of Directors (which 
are intended to comply with Section 409A of the Code, as applicable), to receive all or any portion of such non-
employee director’s compensation, whether payable in cash or in equity, on a deferred basis. Deferrals under the 
Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors are unfunded and unsecured. As of December 31, 2020, 
deferrals  under  the  Deferred  Compensation  Plan  for  Non-Employee  Directors  are  solely  comprised  of  cash 

106 

 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

compensation and equity compensation and are not material in the aggregate. The 2017 Directors Plan was adopted 
to effectuate any such deferrals.  The 2017 Directors Plan is administered by the Board of Directors.  Each award 
granted under the 2017 Directors Plan will be evidenced by a written agreement and will contain the terms and 
conditions that the Board of Directors deems appropriate. 

Under the 2017 Directors Plan, the Board of Directors requires each non-employee director to satisfy the 
share ownership guidelines set forth below, as may be amended by the Board of Directors from time to time. The 
current share ownership guidelines provide that non-employee directors of the Company must: 

  Hold at least 9,000 shares of Company common stock. For this purpose, deferred shares or deferred 

restricted stock units will be deemed held, to the extent vested. 

  The  minimum  stock  ownership  level  must  be  achieved  by  each  non-employee  director  by  the  third 

anniversary of such non-employee director’s initial appointment to the Board of Directors. 

  Once  achieved,  ownership  of  the  guideline  amount  should  be  maintained  for  so  long  as  the  non-

employee director retains his or her seat on the Board of Directors. 

  There may be rare instances where these guidelines would place a hardship on a non-employee director. 
In these cases or in similar circumstances, the Board of Directors will make the final decision as to 
developing  an  alternative  stock  ownership  guideline  for  a  non-employee  director  that  reflects  the 
intention of these guidelines and his or her personal circumstances. 

The Company recorded $70.3 million, $63.4 million and $57.1 million of compensation expense relating 
to outstanding options, restricted stock units, performance share units and other share-based awards during the years 
ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

The tax benefit for tax deductions from non-qualified stock option exercises, disqualifying dispositions of 
incentive  stock  options  and  vesting  of  restricted  stock  units  and  performance  share  units  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $10.5 million, $25.9 million and $8.5 million, respectively.  

Stock Options 

Under the Company’s stock-based compensation plans, all stock options granted through December 31, 
2020 were granted at prices based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The 
Company records compensation expense for employee stock options based on the estimated fair value of the options 
on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing formula with the assumptions included in the 
table below. The Company records compensation expense for non-employee stock options based on the estimated 
fair value of the options as of the earlier of (1) the date at which a commitment for performance by the non-employee 
to earn the stock option is reached or (2) the date at which the non-employee’s performance is complete, using the 
Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing formula with the assumptions included in the table below. The Company uses 
historical data to determine the exercise behavior, volatility and forfeiture rate of the options.  

The following weighted-average assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of options granted during: 

Dividend yield 
Expected volatility 
Risk-free interest rate 
Expected term 

       2020 

2019 

2018 

 0.0 %   
 30.4 %   
 0.70 %   

 0.0 %   
 30.2 %   
 2.37 %   

 0.0 %   
 34.7 %   
 2.81 %   

   5.8 Years  

6.0 Years  

6.0 Years  

Expected  Volatility:  The  Company  uses  historical  volatility  as  it  provides  a  reasonable  estimate  of  the 
expected volatility. Historical volatility is based on the most recent volatility of the stock price over a period of time 
equivalent to the expected term of the option. 

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MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

Risk-Free Interest Rate: The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. treasury zero coupon yield curve in 

effect at the time of grant for the expected term of the option. 

Expected Term: The Company’s expected term represents the weighted-average period that the Company’s 
stock options are expected to be outstanding. The expected term is based on expected time to post-vesting exercise 
of options by employees. The Company uses historical exercise patterns of previously granted options to derive 
employee behavioral patterns used to forecast expected exercise patterns. 

The following table summarizes the Company’s activities with respect to its stock option plans as follows: 

Options 

Outstanding at January 1, 2020 
Granted 01/01/20 - 03/31/20 
Granted 04/01/20 - 06/30/20 
Granted 07/01/20 - 09/30/20 
Granted 10/01/20 - 12/31/20 
Exercised 
Cancelled or forfeited 

Outstanding at December 31, 2020 
Vested and expected to vest in the future at 

December 31, 2020 

Exercisable at December 31, 2020 

Term (In   
years) 

  Weighted-  
  Weighted-  Average   
  Average    Remaining  
  Number of   Exercise    Contractual   Aggregate 
  Shares (in   Price Per  
Intrinsic 
      Value 
     thousands)      Share 
 14,941   $ 
 1,027   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 12   $ 
 (1,916)  $ 
 (91)  $ 
 13,973   $ 

 42.88   
 62.45  
 —  
 —  
 77.92  
 38.06  
 54.41  
 44.93   

 5.7   $ 664,432 

 6.3   $ 308,884 

 13,463   $ 
 8,323   $ 

 44.43   
 37.36   

 5.7   $ 646,907 
 4.5   $ 458,734 

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 

31, 2020: 

Range of Exercise 
Prices ($) 

$  11.35  - 
$  18.64  - 
$  36.05  - 
$  37.10  - 
$  43.99  - 
$  44.73  - 
$  45.55  - 
$  53.24  - 
$  58.73  - 
$  58.77  - 

$ 17.99 
$ 23.35 
$ 36.05 
$ 43.64 
$ 43.99 
$ 45.16 
$ 51.50 
$ 57.95 
$ 58.73 
$ 77.92 

Options Outstanding 
  Weighted 
  Average 
  Remaining 
  Outstanding (In   Contractual 

  Weighted 
  Average 
Exercise 
 Thousands)       Term (Years)     Price ($) 

Number 

Options Exercisable 

  Number 
  Weighted 
  Exercisable    Average 
Exercise 
     Thousands)       Price ($) 

(In 

 1,483   
 1,613   
 9   
 1,033   
 1,641   
 1,581   
 1,478   
 335   
 2,230   
 2,570   
 13,973   

 2.3   
 3.1   
 4.0   
 5.6   
 5.2   
 4.5   
 6.4   
 7.7   
 7.2   
 8.6   
 5.7   

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

 17.58   
 23.05   
 36.05   
 42.75   
 43.99   
 45.10   
 47.61   
 55.79   
 58.73   
 60.93   
 44.93   

 1,483   
 1,613   
 9   
 681   
 1,185   
 1,494   
 826   
 65   
 680   
 287   
 8,323   

$  17.58 
$  23.05 
$  36.05 
$  42.33 
$  43.99 
$  45.11 
$  46.46 
$  54.82 
$  58.73 
$  59.86 
$  37.36 

108 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
  
  
 
 
   
  
 
 
   
  
 
 
   
  
 
 
   
  
 
 
   
  
 
 
   
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2020, 
2019 and 2018 was $18.82 per share, $20.17 per share and $22.37 per share, respectively. The total intrinsic value 
of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $68.8 million, $220.2 million 
and $56.8 million, respectively. 

Cash received from option exercises under all plans for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 

was $72.9 million, $92.4 million and $25.9 million, respectively. 

At December 31, 2020, there was $59.2 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-
vested options granted to employees under the Company’s share-based payment plans. That cost is expected to be 
recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.1 years. 

Restricted Stock Units and Performance Share Units 

The cost of stock-based compensation for restricted stock units and performance share units is measured 
based on the closing fair market value of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant. In the event that the 
Company has the option and intent to settle a restricted stock unit or performance share unit in cash, the award is 
classified as a liability and revalued at each balance sheet date. 

The following table summarizes the Company’s activities with respect to non-vested restricted stock units 

and performance share units as follows: 

Non-vested at January 1, 2020 
Granted 01/01/20 - 03/31/201 
Granted 04/01/20 - 06/30/20 
Granted 07/01/20 - 09/30/20 
Granted 10/01/20 - 12/31/20 
Vested 
Forfeited/cancelled 

Non-vested at December 31, 2020 

  Weighted 
  Number of   Average 
  Shares (in   Grant-Date
     thousands)      Fair Value 
 57.62 
 825   $ 
 62.39 
 392   $ 
 71.72 
 17   $ 
 71.76 
 1   $ 
 78.04 
 5   $ 
 55.65 
 (287)  $ 
 64.72 
 (6)  $ 
 60.52 
 947   $ 

1The  grant  activity  for  performance  share  units  is  recorded  based  on  the  target  performance  level  earning  100%  of  target 
performance share units. The actual number of performance share units earned could range from 0% to 200% of target dependent on the 
pre-established performance goals.  

The weighted-average grant-date fair value of restricted stock units and/or performance share units granted 
during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $62.97, $59.79 and $57.59 per share, respectively. 
As of December 31, 2020, 0.8 million of restricted stock units and performance share units are expected to vest. 

At December 31, 2020, total unrecognized compensation expense relating to non-vested restricted stock 
units and performance share units was $32.1 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average 
period of 2.3 years. 

Other Share-Based Awards 

The Company has granted other share-based awards to certain employees that are payable in cash. These 
awards are classified as liabilities and are valued based on the fair value of the award at the grant date and are 

109 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

remeasured at each reporting date until settlement with compensation expense being recognized in proportion to 
the completed requisite service period up until date of settlement. At December 31, 2020, other share-based awards 
outstanding included grants that vest over three years payable in the first quarters of 2022 and 2023.  

At  December  31,  2020,  there  was  $2.3  million  of  total  unrecognized  compensation  expense  related  to 
nonvested other share-based awards granted to employees under the Company’s stock-based compensation plans. 
That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.6 years. 

Employee and Non-Employee Share-Based Compensation Expense 

The table below shows the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements for the years ended 
December  31,  2020,  2019  and  2018  for  share-based  compensation  related  to  employees  and  non-employees. 
Employee and non-employee share-based compensation expense of $70.3 million for the year ended December 31, 
2020 is comprised of $9.4 million relating to incentive stock options, $2.7 million relating to other share-based 
awards and $58.2 million relating to non-qualified stock options, restricted units and performance units. Employee 
and non-employee share-based compensation expense of $63.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 is 
comprised of $10.0 million relating to incentive stock options and $53.4 million relating to non-qualified stock 
options and restricted units. Employee and non-employee share-based compensation expense of  $57.1 million for 
the  year  ended  December  31,  2018  is  comprised  of  $10.0  million  relating  to  incentive  stock  options  and  $47.1 
million relating to non-qualified stock options and restricted units. 

Operating expenses 
Total employee and non-employee share-based compensation expense 

included in income, before income tax 

Less: Amount of income tax benefit recognized in earnings 
Amount charged against net income 

16.        INCOME TAXES 

2020 

      2019 
   $   70,289    $   63,356    $   57,111 

2018 

 70,289  
   (15,499) 

 57,111 
   (14,892)
   $   54,790    $   27,030    $   42,219 

 63,356  
   (36,326) 

The Company evaluated the various provisions of the Tax Reform Act, including, the global intangible 
low-taxed income (“GILTI”) and the foreign derived intangible income provisions. The Company will treat any 
U.S. tax on foreign earnings under GILTI as a current period expense when incurred. 

The Company currently considers the earnings of its foreign entities (excluding Japan) to be permanently 
reinvested outside the United States based on estimates that future domestic cash generation will be sufficient to 
meet future domestic cash needs. Accordingly, deferred income taxes have not been recorded for the undistributed 
earnings of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries excluding Japan. Deferred income taxes have not been recorded for 
Japan, as any federal, state, or foreign withholding taxes associated with the repatriation of those earnings would 
be immaterial. 

The domestic and foreign components of the Company’s income before provision for income taxes are as 

follows: 

Year Ended December 31,  
2019 

2018 

2020 

Domestic* 
Foreign* 
Income before provision for income taxes 

   $  1,374,402    $  1,196,883    $  1,100,487 
 192,785 
   $  1,626,157    $  1,415,962    $  1,293,272 

 219,079  

 251,755  

*After intercompany royalties, management fees and interest charges from the Company’s domestic to foreign entities of $54.2 million, $51.2 
million and $40.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

110 

 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

Components of the provision for income taxes are as follows: 

Year Ended December 31,  
2019 

      2018 

2020 

Current: 
Federal 
State 
Foreign 

Deferred: 
Federal 
State 
Foreign 

Valuation allowance 

   $  259,073    $ 212,068    $ 209,147 
 41,934 
 42,541 
   293,622 

 39,982  
 55,167  
   307,217  

 43,704  
 70,658  
 373,435  

 11,401  
 4,709  
   (167,595) 
   (151,485) 

 8,320  
 (6,878) 
 (4,219) 
 (2,777) 

 9,804 
 1,644 
 (8,778)
 2,670 

 (5,387) 

 3,976 
   $  216,563    $ 308,127    $ 300,268 

 3,687  

A reconciliation of the total provision for income taxes after applying the U.S. federal  statutory rate of 
21% to income before provision for income taxes to the reported provision for income taxes are as follows for the 
years ended: 

Year Ended December 31,  
2019 

      2018 

2020 

   $  341,493    $ 297,352    $ 271,587 
 36,312 
 3,606 
 (370)
 — 
 (8,438)
 (6,405)
 3,976 
   $  216,563    $ 308,127    $ 300,268 

 37,478  
 (1,064) 
 1,097  
   (165,075) 
 (7,388) 
 15,409  
 (5,387) 

 30,098  
 (2,128) 
   (13,473) 
 —  
   (12,423) 
 5,014  
 3,687  

U.S. Federal tax expense at statutory rates 
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit 
Permanent differences 
Stock based compensation 
Intra-company transfer benefit 
Other 
Foreign rate differential 
Valuation allowance 

111 

 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

Major components of the Company’s deferred tax assets (liabilities) at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as 

follows: 

2020 

2019 

Deferred Tax Assets: 

Reserve for sales returns 
Reserve for inventory obsolescence 
Reserve for marketing development fund 
Capitalization of inventory costs 
State franchise tax - current 
Accrued compensation 
Accrued other liabilities 
Deferred revenue 
Stock-based compensation 
Foreign net operating loss carryforward 
Prepaid supplies 
Termination payments 
Operating lease liabilities 
Intangibles 
Impairment-trademarks and others 
Other deferred tax assets  

Total gross deferred tax assets 

Deferred Tax Liabilities: 

Amortization of trademarks 
Intangibles 
State franchise tax - deferred 
Operating lease ROU assets 
Other deferred tax liabilities 
Depreciation 

Total gross deferred tax liabilities 

Valuation Allowance 

   $ 

 275    $ 

 140 
 2,066 
 8,469 
 2,310 
 2,346 
 1,944 
 5,674 
 81,903 
 22,665 
 30,187 
 5,799 
 69,467 
 6,155 
 — 
 — 
 17,615 
   $   339,100    $   256,740 

 2,366  
 9,629  
 3,365  
 4,229  
 1,284  
 7,464  
 75,592  
 23,370  
 21,626  
 5,551  
 63,009  
 4,434  
 87,687  
 2,055  
 27,164  

   $   (42,161)   $   (35,227)
 (76,047)
 (7,173)
 (6,155)
 (93)
 (6,765)
   (131,460)

 —  
 (6,318) 
 (4,434) 
 (58) 
 (9,363) 
 (62,334) 

 (35,116) 

 (40,503)

Net deferred tax assets 

   $   241,650    $ 

 84,777 

During  the  years  ended  December  31,  2020,  2019  and  2018,  the  Company  established  full  valuation 
allowances against certain deferred tax assets, resulting from cumulative net operating losses incurred by certain 
foreign subsidiaries of the Company. The effect of the valuation allowances and the subsequent related impact on 
the Company’s overall tax rate was to decrease the Company’s provision for income taxes by $5.4 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2020, and increase $3.7 million and $4.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 
and 2018, respectively. At December 31, 2020, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards of approximately 
$84.5 million. Of this amount, $52.4 million may be carried forward indefinitely. The remaining $32.1 million of 
net operating loss carryforwards will begin to expire in 2021. 

In October 2020, the Company completed an intra-entity transfer of intangible assets between certain of the 
Company’s foreign subsidiaries to better align its international structure with its expanding operations. The transfer 
resulted  in  a  step-up  of  the  tax-deductible  basis  in  the  transferred  assets  in  a  foreign  jurisdiction,  and  created  a 
temporary difference between the tax basis and book basis for such intangible assets. The Company recognized 
deferred tax assets of approximately $165.1 million, with a corresponding reduction to the provision for income 

112 

 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
     
     
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

taxes  during  the  fourth  quarter  of  2020  in  its  consolidated  financial  statements.  The  tax  deductions  for  the 
amortization of the deferred tax assets will be recognized in the future and any amortization not deducted for tax 
purposes will be carried forward indefinitely. The tax impact on the foreign subsidiary transferor was not material. 

The  following  is  a  roll-forward  of  the  Company’s  total  gross  unrecognized  tax  benefits,  not  including 

interest and penalties, for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018: 

     Gross Unrecognized Tax

Benefits 

Balance at January 1, 2018 
Additions for tax positions related to the current year 
Additions for tax positions related to the prior year 
Decreases for tax positions related to prior years 
Balance at December 31, 2018 
Additions for tax positions related to the current year 
Additions for tax positions related to the prior year 
Decreases for tax positions related to prior years 
Balance at December 31, 2019 
Additions for tax positions related to the current year 
Additions for tax positions related to the prior year 
Decreases for tax positions related to prior years 
Balance at December 31, 2020 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 6,540 
 — 
 1,159 
 (2,664)
 5,035 
 — 
 1,833 
 (3,875)
 2,993 
 — 
 — 
 (2,251)
 742 

The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision 
for income taxes in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had 
accrued approximately $0.1 million in interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits. If the Company 
were to prevail on all uncertain tax positions it would not have a significant impact on the Company’s effective tax 
rate. 

It is expected that any change in the amount of unrecognized tax benefit change within the next 12 months 

will not be significant.  

The Company is subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as to income tax in multiple state and foreign 

jurisdictions.  

The  Company  is  in  various  stages  of  examination  with  certain  states  and  certain  foreign  jurisdictions, 
including the United Kingdom and Ireland. The Company’s 2017 through 2019 U.S. federal income tax returns are 
subject to examination by the IRS. The Company’s state income tax returns are subject to examination for the 2016 
through 2019 tax years. 

17.        EARNINGS PER SHARE 

A reconciliation of the weighted average shares used in the basic and diluted earnings per common share 

computations for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 is presented below (in thousands): 

Weighted-average shares outstanding: 

Basic 
Dilutive securities 
Diluted 

      2020 

     2019 

     2018 

 529,639  
 5,168  
 534,807  

 542,191  
 4,417  
 546,608  

 557,166 
 7,088 
 564,254 

113 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, options and awards outstanding totaling 1.8 million 
shares, 4.4 million shares and 3.2 million shares, respectively, were excluded from the calculations as their effect 
would have been antidilutive. 

18.        EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN 

Employees of the Company may participate in the Monster Beverage Corporation 401(k) Plan, a defined 
contribution plan, which qualifies under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code.  Participating employees 
may contribute into a traditional plan with pretax salary or into a Roth plan with after tax salary up to statutory 
limits. The Company contributes 50% of the employee contribution, up to 8% of each employee’s earnings, which 
vest over four years (2 years of service = 50%, 3 years of service = 75%, 4 years of service = 100%). Matching 
contributions were $4.7 million, $3.4 million and $2.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 
2018, respectively. 

19.        SEGMENT INFORMATION 

The Company has three operating and reportable segments: (i) Monster Energy® Drinks segment, which 
is primarily comprised of the Company’s Monster Energy® drinks and Reign Total Body Fuel® high performance 
energy  drinks,  (ii)  Strategic  Brands  segment,  which  is  primarily  comprised  of  the  various  energy  drink  brands 
acquired from TCCC in 2015 as well as the Company’s affordable energy brands, and (iii) Other segment, which 
is comprised of the AFF Third-Party Products.   

The Company’s Monster Energy® Drinks segment primarily generates net operating revenues by selling 
ready-to-drink packaged drinks primarily to bottlers/distributors. In some cases, the Company sells directly to retail 
grocery  and  specialty  chains,  wholesalers,  club  stores,  mass  merchandisers,  convenience  chains,  drug  stores, 
foodservice customers, value stores, e-commerce retailers and the military. 

The  Company’s  Strategic  Brands  segment  primarily  generates  net  operating  revenues  by  selling 
“concentrates”  and/or  “beverage  bases”  to  authorized  bottling  and  canning  operations.  Such  bottlers  generally 
combine the concentrates and/or beverage bases with sweeteners, water and other ingredients to produce ready-to-
drink packaged energy drinks. The ready-to-drink packaged energy drinks are then sold by such bottlers to other 
bottlers/distributors  and  to  retail  grocery  and  specialty  chains,  wholesalers,  club  stores,  mass  merchandisers, 
convenience chains, foodservice customers, drug stores, value stores, e-commerce retailers and the military. To a 
lesser  extent,  the  Strategic  Brands  segment  generates  net  operating  revenues  by  selling  certain  ready-to-drink 
packaged energy drinks to bottlers/distributors. 

Generally,  the  Monster  Energy®  Drinks  segment  generates  higher  per  case  net  operating  revenues,  but 

lower per case gross profit margin percentages than the Strategic Brands segment. 

Corporate  and  unallocated  amounts  that  do  not  relate  to  a  reportable  segment  have  been  allocated  to 
“Corporate  &  Unallocated.”  No  asset  information,  other  than  goodwill  and  other  intangible  assets,  has  been 
provided  in  the  Company’s  reportable  segments,  as  management  does  not  measure  or  allocate  such  assets  on  a 
segment basis. 

114 

 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

The net revenues derived from the Company’s reportable segments and other financial information related 

thereto for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 are as follows: 

2020 

2019 

2018 

Net sales: 

Monster Energy® Drinks⁽¹⁾  
Strategic Brands 
Other 
Corporate and unallocated 

Operating Income: 

Monster Energy® Drinks⁽¹⁾ ⁽²⁾ 
Strategic Brands 
Other 
Corporate and unallocated 

Income before tax: 

Monster Energy® Drinks⁽¹⁾ ⁽²⁾ 
Strategic Brands 
Other 
Corporate and unallocated 

  $ 4,305,246   $ 3,904,029   $ 3,498,427 
 285,836 
 22,920 
 — 
  $ 4,598,638   $ 4,200,819   $ 3,807,183 

 266,354  
 27,038  
 —  

 274,925  
 21,865  
 —  

2020 

2019 

2018 

  $ 1,820,346   $ 1,565,977   $ 1,371,062 
 176,520 
 5,362 
    (269,325)
  $ 1,633,153   $ 1,402,939   $ 1,283,619 

 164,053  
 3,650  
    (330,741) 

 155,047  
 5,930  
    (348,170)  

2020 

2019 

2018 

  $ 1,820,625   $ 1,567,022   $ 1,372,001 
 176,540 
 5,362 
    (260,631)
  $ 1,626,157   $ 1,415,962   $ 1,293,272 

 164,049  
 3,655  
    (318,764) 

 155,047  
 5,933  
    (355,448)  

(1)  Includes  $42.1 million,  $46.3  million  and  $44.3  million for  the years  ended  December  31,  2020,  2019  and  2018,  respectively, 

related to the recognition of deferred revenue. 

(2)  Includes $0.2 million, $11.3 million and $26.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, related 

to distributor termination costs.  

Depreciation and amortization: 

Monster Energy® Drinks 
Strategic Brands 
Other 
Corporate and unallocated 

2020 

2019 

2018 

  $ 

 38,277   $ 

 39,397   $ 

 4,178  
 4,631  
 9,944  

 7,935  
 4,637  
 8,758  

  $ 

 57,030   $ 

 60,727   $ 

 36,387 
 7,774 
 4,657 
 8,161 
 56,979 

Corporate  and  unallocated  expenses  were  $348.2  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  and 
included  $234.1  million  of  payroll  costs,  of  which  $69.9  million  was  attributable  to  stock-based  compensation 
expense (See Note 15, “Stock-Based Compensation”), $67.6 million of professional service expenses, including 
accounting and legal costs, $7.5 million of insurance costs and $39.0 million of other operating expenses. 

Corporate  and  unallocated  expenses  were  $330.7  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019  and 
included  $203.3  million  of  payroll  costs,  of  which  $63.4  million  was  attributable  to  stock-based  compensation 
expense (See Note 15, “Stock-Based Compensation”), $78.5 million of professional service expenses, including 
accounting and legal costs, $6.1 million of insurance costs and  $42.8 million of other operating expenses. 

115 

 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
    
    
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
     
    
    
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
    
    
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

Corporate  and  unallocated  expenses  were  $269.3  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018  and 
included $174.9 million of payroll costs, of which  $57.1 million was  attributable to stock-based compensation 
expense (See Note 15, “Stock-Based Compensation”), $53.6 million of professional service expenses, including 
accounting and legal costs, $6.0 million of insurance costs and $34.8 million of other operating expenses. 

Coca-Cola Consolidated, Inc. accounted for approximately 12%, 13% and 13% of the Company's net sales 

for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Reyes Coca-Cola Bottling, LLC accounted for approximately 11%, 11% and 12% of the Company’s net 

sales for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Coca-Cola European Partners accounted for approximately 10% of the Company’s net sales for the years 

ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. 

Net sales to customers outside the United States amounted to $1.51 billion, $1.33 billion and $1.09 billion 
for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  Such sales were approximately 33%, 32% 
and 29% of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Goodwill and other intangible assets for the Company’s reportable segments as of December 31, 2020 and 

2019 are as follows: 

Goodwill and other intangible assets: 

Monster Energy® Drinks 
Strategic Brands 
Other 
Corporate and unallocated 

2020 

2019 

  $ 1,406,646   $ 1,384,940 
 984,393 
 14,415 
 — 
  $ 2,390,689   $ 2,383,748 

 974,132  
 9,911  
 —  

20.        RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

TCCC controls approximately 19.3% of the voting interests of the Company.  The TCCC Subsidiaries, the 
TCCC Related Parties and certain TCCC independent bottlers, purchase and distribute the Company’s products in 
domestic and certain international markets. The Company also pays TCCC a commission based on certain sales 
within the TCCC distribution network. 

TCCC commissions, based on sales to the TCCC Subsidiaries and the TCCC Related Parties, for the year 
ended December 31, 2020 were $56.5 million, and are included as a reduction to net sales. TCCC commissions, 
based on sales to the TCCC Independent Bottlers for the year ended December 31, 2020 were $21.4 million, and 
are included in operating expenses.  

TCCC commissions, based on sales to the TCCC Subsidiaries and the TCCC Related Parties, for the year 
ended December 31, 2019 were $50.1 million, and are included as a reduction to net sales. TCCC commissions, 
based on sales to the TCCC Independent Bottlers for the year ended December 31, 2019 were $17.7 million, and 
are included in operating expenses. 

TCCC commissions, based on sales to the TCCC Subsidiaries and the TCCC Related Parties, for the year 
ended December 31, 2018 were $48.0 million, and are included as a reduction to net sales. TCCC commissions, 

116 

 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

based on sales to the TCCC Independent Bottlers for the year ended December 31, 2018 were $14.8 million, and 
are included in operating expenses. 

Net sales to the TCCC Subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 were $83.3 

million, $79.5 million and $132.5 million, respectively. 

The Company also purchases concentrates from TCCC which are then sold to certain of the Company's 
bottlers/distributors. Concentrate purchases from TCCC were $23.9 million, $25.4 million and $27.5 million for 
the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Certain TCCC Subsidiaries also contract manufacture certain of the Company’s Monster Energy® brand 
energy drinks. Such contract manufacturing expenses were $17.2 million, $17.1 million and $22.8 million for the 
years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Accounts  receivable,  accounts  payable  and  accrued  promotional  allowances  related  to  the  TCCC 

Subsidiaries are as follows at: 

Accounts receivable, net 
Accounts payable 
Accrued promotional allowances 
Accrued liabilities 

  December 31,   December 31, 

2020 

 44,925   $ 
 (30,792)  $ 
 (5,834)  $ 
 (15,446)  $ 

2019 

 21,670 
 (18,217)
 (5,321)
 — 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

One director of the Company through certain trusts, and a family member of one director, are principal 
owners of a company that provides promotional materials to the Company.  Expenses incurred with such company 
in connection with promotional materials purchased during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 
were $2.1 million, $1.5 million and $1.8 million, respectively. 

In  December  2018,  the  Company  and  a  director  of  the  Company  entered  into  a  50-50  partnership  that 
purchased  land,  and  real  property  thereon,  in  Kona,  Hawaii  for  the  purpose  of  producing  coffee  products.  The 
Company’s initial 50% contribution of $1.9 million was accounted for as an equity investment. During the year 
ended December 31, 2020, the Company recorded an equity loss of $0.3 million. As of December 31, 2020, the 
Company’s equity investment is $1.6 million and is included in other assets (non-current) in the accompanying 
consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2020. 

117 

 
 
 
 
    
     
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Tabular Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) 

21.        QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (Unaudited) 

Quarter ended: 

March 31, 2020 
June 30, 2020 
September 30, 2020 
December 31, 2020 

Quarter ended: 

March 31, 2019 
June 30, 2019 
September 30, 2019 
December 31, 2019 

  Net Income per Common 
Share 

     Net Sales 

     Gross Profit      Net Income       Basic 

      Diluted 

  $  1,062,097   $
 1,093,896  
 1,246,362  
 1,196,283  

 637,196   $
 659,469  
 736,531  
 690,684  

 278,835   $ 
 311,369   $ 
 347,654   $ 
 471,736   $ 

  $  4,598,638   $  2,723,880   $  1,409,594  

 0.52   $ 
 0.59   $ 
 0.66   $ 
 0.89   $ 

  $

 945,991   $

 1,104,045  
 1,133,577  
 1,017,206  

 573,532   $
 661,283  
 673,002  
 610,768  

 261,485   $ 
 292,473   $ 
 298,923   $ 
 254,954   $ 

 0.48   $ 
 0.54   $ 
 0.55   $ 
 0.47   $ 

  $  4,200,819   $  2,518,585   $  1,107,835  

 0.52 
 0.59 
 0.65 
 0.88 

 0.48 
 0.53 
 0.55 
 0.47 

Certain of the figures reported above may differ from previously reported figures for individual quarters 

due to rounding. 

118 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
MONSTER BEVERAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
SCHEDULE II – VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2020, 2019 AND 2018 (Dollars in Thousands) 

Description 

  Balance at   Charged to  
  beginning  
end of 
cost and   
     of period      expenses      Deductions       period 

  Balance at 

Allowance for doubtful accounts, sales returns and cash discounts: 

2020 
2019 
2018 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

 2,045   $ 
 1,589   $ 
 1,105   $ 

 9,664   $ 
 9,583   $ 
 7,890   $ 

 (9,831)  $ 
 (9,127)  $ 
 (7,406)  $ 

 1,878 
 2,045 
 1,589 

Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets and Unrecognized Tax Benefits: 

2020 
2019 
2018 

  $   43,853   $ 
  $   42,748   $ 
  $   40,680   $ 

 (7,860)   $ 
 1,105   $ 
 2,068   $ 

 —   $   35,993 
 —   $   43,853 
 —   $   42,748 

119 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Notes 

120