Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Apparel - Manufacturers / Navigant Consulting Inc. / FY2020 Annual Report

Navigant Consulting Inc.
Annual Report 2020

NCI · TSX-V Consumer Cyclical
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Ticker NCI
Exchange TSX-V
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Apparel - Manufacturers
Employees 51-200
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FY2020 Annual Report · Navigant Consulting Inc.
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www.ntgclarity.com 

NTG Clarity Networks Inc. 
Simplifying Business Solutions 

www.smart2go.ca 

ANNUAL REPORT 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our Vision 

To be the leading provider of high quality systems and solutions  
while creating an environment of success  
for our customers, employees and shareholders. 

Our Value Proposition 

NTG Clarity partners with groups who design, build, manage, and support networks and network software 
applications. 

We are the experts in applying technology, methodology, process, and people to provide quality and on 
time  network  services;  on  your  premises  or  ours.  We  help  you,  our  customer,  to  increase  revenue, 
improve customer satisfaction, and focus on your bottom line. 

“We are your software and network services partner!” 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents 
Letter to our Shareholders ............................................................................................................................... 5 
Management’s Discussion & Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations ............................. 6 
Forward-Looking Statements ......................................................................................................................6 
Business Overview .......................................................................................................................................6 
Summary of Major NTG Events in 2020 ................................................................................................................. 7 
Outlook ................................................................................................................................................................... 8 
Summary of Quarterly Results ....................................................................................................................9 
Quarterly and Annual Results of Operations...............................................................................................9 
Revenue ................................................................................................................................................................. 9 
Cost of Sales and Gross Margin ............................................................................................................................ 10 
Operating Expenses .............................................................................................................................................. 11 
Other Expenses .................................................................................................................................................... 12 
Net Loss ................................................................................................................................................................ 13 
Assets and non-current liabilities ............................................................................................................. 13 
Intangible assets ................................................................................................................................................... 13 
Property and equipment ...................................................................................................................................... 14 
Non-current liabilities .......................................................................................................................................... 14 
Liquidity and Capital Resources ................................................................................................................ 14 
Cash Flow Provided by Operations ...................................................................................................................... 14 
Cash Flow from Financing Activities ..................................................................................................................... 15 
Cash Flow from Investing Activities ..................................................................................................................... 15 
Commitments and Contractual Obligations ............................................................................................. 15 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements ............................................................................................................. 15 
Transactions with Related Parties ............................................................................................................ 16 
Basis of Preparation and Significant Accounting Policies ......................................................................... 16 
Proposed Transactions ............................................................................................................................. 16 
Business Risk and Management ............................................................................................................... 16 
Market risk ........................................................................................................................................................... 17 
Interest rate risk ................................................................................................................................................... 17 
Credit risk ............................................................................................................................................................. 17 
Foreign currency risk ............................................................................................................................................ 18 
Liquidity risk ......................................................................................................................................................... 18 
Capital Management ............................................................................................................................................ 19 
Legal claim contingency ....................................................................................................................................... 19 
Guarantees ........................................................................................................................................................... 19 
Collateral .............................................................................................................................................................. 19 
Disclosure Controls and Procedures and Internal Controls over Financial Reporting ............................. 19 
Standards issued but not yet effective ..................................................................................................... 20 
Management’s Statement of Responsibility .................................................................................................. 20 
Independent Auditor’s Report ....................................................................................................................... 21 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position ............................................................................................. 24 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity ............................................................................................. 25 
Consolidated Statements of Profit and Loss and Comprehensive Income .................................................... 26 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows ........................................................................................................ 27 
CORPORATE INFORMATION ........................................................................................................ 28 
GOING CONCERN ......................................................................................................................... 28 
BASIS OF PRESENTATION ............................................................................................................. 28 
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES .................................................................. 29 
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS, ESTIMATES, AND ASSUMPTIONS.............................. 44 
STANDARDS ISSUED BUT NOT YET EFFECTIVE ............................................................................. 47 

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OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION ........................................................................................ 47 
INCOME TAXES ............................................................................................................................ 49 
EARNINGS PER SHARE ................................................................................................................. 50 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS ................................................................................................... 51 
TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES ................................................................................................ 51 
PREPAID EXPENSES AND DEPOSITS ............................................................................................. 52 
BID/PERFORMANCE BONDS ........................................................................................................ 52 
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT ....................................................................................................... 53 
INTANGIBLE ASSETS ..................................................................................................................... 54 
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES ........................................................................ 55 
OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES .............................................................. 56 
GOVERNMENT GRANT ................................................................................................................. 58 
EQUITY INSTRUMENTS ................................................................................................................ 58 
CONTRIBUTED SURPLUS .............................................................................................................. 61 
DIVIDENDS PAID AND PROPOSED ............................................................................................... 61 
COST OF SALES ............................................................................................................................. 61 
EXPENSES: DISCLOSURE OF FUNCTION EXPENSES ...................................................................... 61 
LOANS PAYABLE ........................................................................................................................... 62 
RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES .................................................................................................... 62 
FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES ...................................................... 64 
COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES, AND GUARANTEES .............................................................. 68 
COLLATERAL ................................................................................................................................. 69 
SALE OF ENTERPRISE LICENSES .................................................................................................... 69 
COMPARATIVE FIGURES .............................................................................................................. 70 
Corporate Information ................................................................................................................................... 71 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Letter to our Shareholders 

At this time, we are mindful of the effects of COVID-19 and the impact the pandemic has had on global 
economies throughout the world. Our thoughts are with those most impacted by the disease, as well as 
with the frontline workers who risk their own wellbeing to protect citizens across the globe.   

2020 was a good year for NTG that has seen a turnaround to profitability in third and fourth quarters. We 
have capitalized on our track record and experience, and the goodwill we have built throughout the years. 
NTG  is  now  recognized  as  a  provider  of  top  tier  quality  service  with  very  competitive  pricing.  We  have 
added  new  clients  to  our  customer  base,  especially  in  the  financial  sector.  These  are  outside  our 
traditional  telecom  vertical  and  are  an  important  growth  opportunity  for  us  as  they  are  going  through 
digital transformation.  

During the year, we developed our new product Smart2go -- a digital transformation tool providing a low 
code platform that enables users to develop applications quickly and easily. Subsequent to year end, in 
Q1 2021, we have seen the demand for the system reflected in purchase orders and we look forward to 
increasing  product  sales  and  the  professional  services  to  implement  and  support  the  system.  The 
Smart2go  software  is being sold  as a service  either  on the cloud  or implemented on premises for large 
corporate clients.   

Going  forward,  NTG  will  focus on  promoting  our  Smart2Go  digital  transformation  platform.  We  believe 
that Smart2Go is one of the best digital transformation platforms available. It enables digital journeys and 
helps clients to create new revenue streams and enhance operation efficiency. At the same time, we are 
working  hard  to  capitalize  on  the  booming  demands  for  IT  and  telecom  services  due  to  the  COVID-19 
pandemic and on establishing NTG as a major offshoring hub for technology and IT services.  

We  would  again  like  to  thank  our  valued  shareholders  for  their  continued  support  during  these 
challenging times. As management’s interests are closely aligned with our shareholder base, we remain 
committed  to  working  diligently  to  return  NTG  to  a  profitable  and  growing  the  company  in  the  years 
ahead. 

"Ashraf Zaghloul" 

Ashraf Zaghloul, Chair and Chief Executive Officer 
NTG Clarity Networks Inc. 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Management’s  Discussion  &  Analysis  of  Financial  Conditions  and 
Results of Operations 

This  management  discussion  and  analysis  focuses  on  key  statistics  from  the  consolidated  financial 
statements  and  pertains  to  known  risks  and  uncertainties  relating  to  the  telecommunications  and 
consulting industry. This discussion should not be considered all-inclusive, as it excludes changes that may 
occur  in  general  economic,  political  and  environmental  conditions.  This  discussion  and  analysis  of  the 
financial condition and results of operations has been prepared as of April 28, 2021, for the year ended 
December 31, 2020 and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements 
and related notes and material contained in other parts of this annual report. 

Additional information related to the Corporation is available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. 

Forward-Looking Statements 

Certain  statements  in  this  MD&A  and  associated  notes  and  financial  statements  may  be  considered 
“forward-looking”  within  the  meaning  of  applicable  securities  laws.  These  statements  reflect  the 
Corporation’s  plans  and  expectations  based  on  our  experience,  interpretation  of  past  trends,  key 
assumptions and other relevant information available at the date that such statements are made.  

The statements involve business, economic and competitive risks, uncertainties and contingencies. There 
is  significant  risk  that  predictions,  projections  or  conclusions  will  not  prove  to  be  accurate  and  actual 
results may differ materially from estimates, expectations, or intentions expressed.  

The forward-looking statements in this MD&A and associated notes and financial statements are based on 
what we believe are reasonable assumptions, however we caution readers not to place undue reliance on 
our  forward-looking  statements.  We  assume  no  obligation  to  update  or  revise  these  forward-looking 
statements to reflect new events or circumstances, except as required by securities law. 

Business Overview 

NTG  Clarity  is  a  Canadian  publicly  traded  Corporation  (TSXV:NCI)  that  provides  telecommunications 
engineering,  Information  Technology,  networking  and  related  software  solutions.  We  have  been 
developing niche software products directed at telecom service providers and utilities markets since our 
inception  in  1993.  We  also  provide  professional  services  network,  and  managed  services  to  this  same 
vertical.  

We are headquartered in Toronto, Canada and have subsidiaries/branch offices in Cairo, Egypt; the USA; 
Riyadh,  Saudi  Arabia;  Oman  and  Kuwait.  The  Corporation  is  organized  into  two  business  segments:  the 
Canadian segment, which is made up of activities in Canada and our offices in Saudi Arabia, Oman; and 
the Egypt segment, which is our software development group and also provides professional services and 
network services/hardware to customers in Egypt. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summary of Major NTG Events in 2020 

The following outlines the events that occurred in 2020: 

 

 

In January 2020, EDC approved payment of the insurance claim submitted in 2018. In February 2020, 
a payment of US$60,911.53 was made to RBC Royal Bank.  

In January 2020, the EDC-supported performance bond was called by the customer. On February 27, 
2020,  the  Corporation  was  notified  that  EDC  had  paid  the  Bank’s  claim  of  US$55,848  towards  the 
bond. As the bond was 100% insured by EDC, the cost was not born by the Corporation. 

  On February 3, 2020, after the required Stock Exchange (TSX) review, NTG’s shares resumed trading. 
The  Investment  Industry  Regulatory  Organization  of  Canada  (IIROC)  had  halted  trading  for  the 
Corporation’s shares on October 8, 2019. 

  On  March  11,  2020,  the  World  Health  Organization  (WHO)  declared  COVID-19  to  be  a  global 
pandemic.  Countries  restricted  travel,  closed  non-essential  businesses,  and  asked  that  people  stay 
home. NTG closed all offices and asked staff to work remotely.  

  On  March  20,  2020,  due  to  the  global  economic  situation  and  the  inability  of  NTG  to  renew  its 
Directors  and  Officers  insurance,  the  Corporation  announced  that  the  two  independent  Board 
members and one other Board member resigned from NTG’s Board.  

  On  May  1,  2020,  NTG  signed  an  agreement  with  an  Egyptian  company,  to  purchase  NTG  Egypt’s 
Enterprise  business  including  a  copy  of  the  non-exclusive  rights  for  the  IP  of  two  legacy  software 
products (Utility Billing and HMIS) for 1.2 million Egyptian pounds.  

  On May 6, 2020, the Corporation closed the Board-approved Shares for Debt transaction and issued 
44,000,000  shares  for  $660,000  owed  to  employees  and  consultants.  The  total  number  of  shares 
outstanding after the transaction was 100,102,355. 

  Towards the end of June 2020, NTG’s offices re-opened with the Egypt office starting a gradual return 
with enhanced health and safety protocols. Employees working at customer sites continue to follow 
customers’ protocols for working onsite or remotely. 

  On  December  3,  2020,  NTG  announced  the  election  of  two  independent  members  of  the  Board  of 

Directors at the Annual General Meeting (AGM). 

Egypt 
Historically, Egypt has been a challenging place to do business with continued restrictions on using foreign 
currency for business operations and on moving funds out of the country. We mitigate much of the risk of 
doing business in the country as our expenses and the majority of our contracts in Egypt are both in the 
local currency. Additionally, most of the technical and professional services are based in Egypt and allow 
NTG to provide experienced resources and expertise at extremely competitive prices. 

This  has  proven  to  be  a  successful  strategy  because  the  offshoring  of  resources  to  Egypt  is  becoming 
increasing  popular,  most  likely  due  to  COVID-19.  Subsequent  to  year  end  (February  16,  2021),  NTG 
announced  the  signing  of  a  Memo  of  Understanding  (MOU)  with  a  major  bank  in  the  Gulf  region  to 
provide offshore resources and facilities through our Egyptian subsidiary. Three other smaller offshoring 
projects have expanded our services into the transportation sector and to government agencies. 

In  addition  to  offshoring  and  our  existing  professional  services  outsourcing  in  Egypt,  we  have  focused 
efforts more on our core software products and our Smart2Go low-code development platform.  

On May 1, 2020, NTG signed a Board-approved agreement with an Egyptian company owned by a former 
Director  of  the  Corporation.  This  agreement  allowed  the  Egyptian  company  to  purchase  NTG  Egypt’s 

7 

Enterprise  business  including  a  copy  of  the  non-exclusive  rights  for  the  intellectual  property  (IP)  of  two 
software products (Utility Billing and HMIS) for 1.2 million Egyptian pounds. This was to allow us to focus 
on our core products and services. 

In 2020, Egypt’s revenue contribution continues to be strong with the subsidiary contributing 26% of the 
Corporation’s revenue (2019: 33%).  

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) 
NTG has been doing business in KSA for over 15 years, and ongoing initiatives continue to show returns 
with 79% of our professional service work and 63% of our revenue being from KSA (2019: 62% and 49% 
respectively). NTG has developed good brand recognition and a solid track record over the years, which is 
an asset to our work in the region.  

Our KSA revenue has increased by 14% over 2019 revenues. Additionally, new customers in the banking 
sector and in public sectors are contributing significantly to our revenue (28%). 

Oman 
In  2020,  we  continued  work  for  our  customer  in  Oman,  who  is  using  our  NTS  Network  Inventory  and 
Project  Management  modules.  Recurring  revenues  in  Oman  from  product  maintenance,  support,  and 
change requests as well as professional services contributed 11% to NTG’s revenue in 2020 (2019: 9%).  

Outlook 

We  at  NTG  started  2020  with  high  expectations  as  we  had  the  struggles  with  our  indebtedness  issues 
resolved and we hoped to see a return to some normalcy. However NTG, along with the world, faced the 
challenges  associated  with  COVID-19  and  the  global  shut-down.  The  ongoing  pandemic  measures 
presented  and  continue  to  present  a  significant  source  of  economic  uncertainty  and  there  have  been 
impacts on NTG’s sales and operations. 

COVID-19-related business changes such as the cancellation of marketing events and many customer in-
person meetings and travel, combined with management mandated salary reductions, have combined to 
reduce our cost of sales by 12% and selling and G&A expenses by more than 50%. 

Providing  the  offshoring  and  outsourcing  of  our  technical,  IT  and  professional  services  resources  has 
proven to be a successful strategy as working remotely has become increasing popular, most likely due to 
COVID-19. This has helped us grow and expand our business into new verticals that include government 
and financial sectors. We are looking forward to more contracts such as those announced subsequent to 
year end, in Q1 2021. 

Finally,  with  the  release  of  our  latest  software  product,  Smart2Go,  we  anticipate  being  able  to  further 
expand  into  new  verticals.  Smart2Go  allows  enterprises  to  automate  their  processes  and  create 
applications by offering rapid application development without the need for knowledge of development 
languages.  Smart2Go  is  built  on  NTG’s  proven  Workflow  technology  and  provides  both  a  Portal  and 
Mobile Apps for its users.  

At the time of publishing of this report, it is uncertain how long COVID-19 conditions will last and what 
economic impact they will have on our business, ongoing cash flows and our ability to continue as a going 
concern. 

8 

Summary of Quarterly Results 

Historically,  NTG’s  operating  results  have  fluctuated  due  to  the  timing  of  new  contracts  and  their 
corresponding billing, as well as billing for software licenses which can result in larger sales orders in any 
one quarter. We expect this trend to continue.  

Despite the COVID-19 lockdowns and the slowdown in Q2 2020, we have managed to keep quarter over 
quarter revenues strong. In Q3 and Q4 2020 we have returned NTG to profitability. 

The following table shows a summary of our eight most recent quarters (in Canadian dollars).  

2020 

Quarter One 

Quarter Two 

Quarter Three 

Quarter Four 

TOTAL 

2019 

Quarter One 

Quarter Two 

Quarter Three 

Quarter Four 

TOTAL 

Revenue 

$ 2,474,766 
$ 1,651,209 
$ 2,233,248 
$ 1,593,033 
$ 7,906,989 

Revenue 

$ 3,616,344 
 2,035,298 

$ 575,594 

2,399,193 

Net Income 
(Loss) 

$ (598,736) 

$ (1,019,715) 

$ 252,059 

$ 267,776 

$ (1,098,617) 

Profit (Loss) 
per Share 

Diluted Profit 
per Share 

$ (0.01) 

$ (0.01) 

$    0.00 

$    0.00 

$ (0.01) 

$ (0.01) 

$ (0.01) 

$    0.00 

$    0.00 

$ (0.01) 

Total Assets 

$ 2,750,861 

$ 2,165,928 

$ 2,448,748 

$ 3,173,303 

$ 3,173,303 

Net Income 
(Loss) 

Profit (Loss) 
per Share 

Diluted Profit 
per Share 

Total Assets 

$ 304,719 

$ (289,170) 

 (5,210,467) 

(3,989,191) 

$ 0.01 

$ (0.01) 

$ (0.09) 

( 0.07) 

$ (0.16) 

$ 0.01 

$ 8,843,130 

$ (0.01) 

$ (0.09) 

( 0.06) 

$ (0.15) 

$ 6,218,754 

$ 4,899,211 

$2,254,321 

$2,254,321 

$ 8,626,429 

$ (9,184,109) 

Quarterly and Annual Results of Operations 

Towards the end of Q1 2020, NTG’s offices were closed; staff were asked to work remotely. Q2 2020 was 
significantly affected by COVID-19 and sales and collections were negatively impacted. Though revenues 
have  started  to  strengthen  in  Q3  and  Q4  2020,  cash  flow  remains  a  concern  as  NTG  depends  on 
collections to finance operations. 

Financial highlights for the three months and year ended December 31, 2020: 

Revenue  
Consolidated  revenues  for  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2020  was  $1,593,033  compared  to 
$2,399,193 for the same period in 2019. Revenue for the year decreased 8% to $7,906,989 compared to 
$8,626,429 reported in the prior year, due to the loss in revenue from Kuwait, and the sale of NTG Egypt’s 
Enterprise group. 

Professional  service  revenue  continues  to  be  an  important  strategic  source  of  revenue  for  us,  given  its 
generally recurring nature (80% as compared to 76% in 2019). We continue to work to make product sales 
a more balanced part of NTG’s revenue stream. 

2020  revenue  is  lower  primarily  because  of  the  loss  of  Kuwait  revenue  starting  in  Q2  2020.  Our  main 
contract  expired and was not  renewed  and we  have been unable to replace  the  revenue stream.  Egypt 
revenue  is  lower  than  in  2019  because  of  the  sale  of  the  Enterprise  group.  However  Canada  and  KSA 
showed revenue increases which significantly offset the lost revenue streams. 

9 

 
 
Consolidated  revenues  for  Q4  2020  for  the  Egypt  operating  segment  were  $393,190  compared  to 
$881,789  in  2019.  For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  revenues  decreased  to  $2,094,422  (2019: 
$2,829,382). This was partially due to the sale of Egypt’s Enterprise group in May 2020. 

For the Canadian operating segment, revenues for the three months ended and year ended December 31, 
2020 were $1,154,577 and $5,812,568 (2019: $1,517,403 and $5,797,047). The Q4 decrease was due to 
the loss of Kuwait revenue which was offset by strong KSA and Canada revenues, making the YTD revenue 
slightly stronger than 2019. 

Though we currently have three Canadian customers, the Middle East continues to be where the majority 
of  NTG’s  revenue  comes  from  and  as  of  December  31,  2020,  represents  99%  of  total  revenue.  We  are 
hopeful 2021 will see improved results from our past efforts with both existing and new customers.  

Despite  the challenges  in Egypt, business development efforts have resulted in a  strong contribution to 
NTG's consolidated revenue (26%).  

Unbilled Revenue 

Unbilled revenue  is revenue  which had been earned and therefore  recognized in compliance  with IFRS, 
but  which  has  not  been  billed  to  the  client(s)  due  to  contract  terms  and/or  billing  cycle.  NTG  derives 
revenue  from  fees  charged  to  customers  for  licenses  for  software  products  and  professional  services: 
support, consulting, development, training, and other services.  

Revenue  can  be  recognized  for  projects  based  on  time  and  materials  for  professional  services,  or  on  a 
percentage  of  completion  basis  for  product  implementation  and  support.  Both  can  result  in  unbilled 
revenue  until  the  customer  is  invoiced.  Based  on  NTG’s  contracts,  the  customer  is  invoiced  upon  the 
completion of defined milestones and/or the required customer acceptance. For many contracts, revenue 
is recognized each month, but billed on a quarterly basis and we anticipate this to continue. 

At December 31, 2020, unbilled revenue was $315,171 compared to $447,682 at December 31, 2019.  

Cost of Sales and Gross Margin 
Cost  of  sales  consists  of  the  expense  of  personnel  providing  professional  services,  and  services  to 
implement and provide technical support for our solutions. In addition, it includes an allocation of certain 
direct and indirect costs attributable to these activities. 

Cost of sales for the three months and year ended December 31, 2020 were $1,675,034 and $5,673,356 
respectively. 

Cost of sales 

Salaries and wages 
Travel 
Hardware 
Other expenses 

Total 

December 31, 2020 

December 31, 2019 

$ 

$ 

5,223,849 
123,344 
240,393 
85,770 

5,673,356 

$ 

$ 

5,492,507 
323,345 
168,752 
388,859 

6,373,463 

For the Egypt operating segment, cost of sales for the three months and year ended December 31, 2020 
were  $622,475  and  $1,694,496  compared  to  $949,747  and  $2,417,245  in  2019.  Decreases  were  due  to 
reduced travel and project slow downs as a result of COVID-19 lockdowns, and also due to the Enterprise 
group’s removal as of May 2020. 

For  the  Canadian operating  segment, cost  of  sales  for  the  three months  and year ended December 31, 
2020 were $1,052,559 and $3,978,860 (2019: $937,587 and $3,956,218).  

10 

 
 
 
The  gross margin  for  the  year  ending  December  31,  2020  was  28%  compared to  26%  in  2019.  Realistic 
margins are anticipated to be between 30-40%, based on the product mix. 

Operating Expenses 
COVID-19-related business changes, such as the cancellation of marketing events and related travel, had a 
significant impact on 2020 results. NTG’s operating expenses were significantly reduced to $3,394,410 in 
2020  compared  to  $6,896,496  in  the  prior  fiscal  year.  This  is  because  of  significantly  reduced 
selling/marketing and G&A costs as a result of office lockdowns and restricted travel due to COVID-19. 

Selling and Marketing 
Selling  and  marketing  expenses  consist  primarily  of  sales  staff  remuneration,  commissions,  travel, 
advertising, consulting, and trade show costs.  

Sales and marketing expenses for the three months and year ended December 31, 2020 were $301,073 
and  $955,428  respectively  (2019:  $833,328  and  $2,316,833).  The  significant  decrease  in  the  selling  and 
marketing  expenses  was  the  direct  result  of  COVID-19.  Travel,  trade  shows  and  most  customer 
meetings/visits continue to be suspended, and sales staff and salaries have been reduced. 

Selling 

Salary and wages 
Marketing and advertising 
Mailing and courier 
Professional services 
Meals and entertainment 
Miscellaneous 

Total 

For the twelve months ended 

December 31, 2020 

December 31, 2019 

$ 670,145 
186,217 
5,534 
39,485 
 54,046 
– 
955,428 

$ 

$ 1,621,273 
316,816 
5,787 
45,104 
318,947 
8,906 

$ 

2,316,833 

General and Administrative 
General  and  administration  expenses  (G&A)  consist  primarily  of  salary  and  benefits,  rent  and  office 
expenses, insurance, professional fees, accounting and legal fees, director’s fees, etc.  

G&A expenses for the three months and year ended December 31, 2020 were $180,271 and $2,353,089 
respectively compared to $2,042,682 and $4,063,432 in 2019. G&A costs have decreased significantly in 
this period due to: 

  After Q1 2020, no salaries were accrued or paid for employees in the Canadian office and salaries 

in Egypt and KSA were also reduced due to COVID-19. 

  The one-time End of Service provision for Executives in 2019 was absent in 2020. 
 

Lower insurance costs - EDC and Euler Hermes Canada insurance policies were active in 2019 but 
not in 2020 (see Note 25). 

General and Administrative 

December 31, 2020 

December 31, 2019 

Salary and wages 
Occupancy 
Consulting 
Professional fees 
Bid/performance bond fees 
Insurance 
Dues and subscriptions 
Penalties and fees 
Office and general 

Total 

$ 

1,364,997 
222,847 
99,800 
120,645 
831 
242,299 
25,690 
37,245 
238,735 

$ 

3,046,491 
282,678 
104,708 
119,689 
3,161 
426,653 
23,228 
31,264 
25,560 

$ 

2,353,089 

$ 

4,063,432 

11 

 
Foreign Exchange Gain/Loss 

Each entity in the Corporation determines its own functional currency and items included in the financial 
statements of each entity are measured using that functional currency. The functional currency and the 
presentation currency of the parent entity is the Canadian dollar. Transactions in foreign currencies are 
initially recorded in respective functional currency rates at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets 
and  liabilities  denominated  in  foreign  currencies  are  retranslated  at the  functional  currency  rate  at  the 
reporting date. Differences are taken to the statement of profit or loss and comprehensive income.  

Non-monetary  items  that  are  measured  in  terms  of  historical  cost  in  a  foreign  currency  are  translated 
using  the  exchange  rates  as  at  the  dates  of  the  initial  transactions.  The  functional  currency  of  the 
subsidiary NTG Egypt Advanced is the Egyptian pound, and the functional currency of the subsidiary NTG 
Clarity Networks US Inc. is the US Dollar. 

An entity may present its financial statements in any currency (or currencies). If the presentation currency 
differs  from  the  entity's  functional  currency,  it  translates  its  results  and  financial  position  into  the 
presentation  currency.  For  example,  when  a  group  contains  individual  entities  with  different  functional 
currencies, the results and financial position of each entity are expressed in a common currency so that 
consolidated financial statements may be presented. 

For practical reasons, an average rate for the period is often used to translate income and expense items. 
When the exchange differences relate to a foreign operation that is consolidated but not wholly owned, 
accumulated  exchange  differences  arising  from  translation  and  attributable  to  non-controlling  interests 
are  allocated  to,  and  recognized  as  part  of,  non-controlling  interests  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 
financial position. 

IAS 21.–47, in addition to IAS 21.–43, apply when the results and financial position of a foreign operation 
are translated into a presentation currency so that the foreign operation can be included in the financial 
statements of the reporting entity by consolidation or the equity method. 

For the quarter ended December 31, 2020, the Corporation recognized a foreign currency exchange gain 
of $104,718, compared to a loss of $303,344 for the same period in 2019. For the year ended December 
31, 2020, the Corporation recognized a smaller foreign currency exchange loss of $85,893 compared to a 
loss of $516,231 the year ended 2019. For more information on foreign exchange, see Note 4(b): Foreign 
currency translation. 

Other Expenses 

Research and Development 
With the exception of Smart2Go, our flagship product, research and development is paid for by customer 
requests and is therefore, included in cost of sales.  

Provision for Bad Debt 
NTG has made a provision for bad debt of $339,602 (2019: $1,322,485 and $807,196) which was primarily 
for uncollected invoices in Kuwait. 

Amortization of Intangible Assets 
There are no amortization costs for 2020 (2019: $273,313). 

12 

Interest Expense 
As at December 31, 2020, the interest expense for the three months and year was $70,086 and $268,957 
as compared to $279,806 and $946,881 for the same periods in 2019. The significant decrease was due to 
the replacement of RBC Royal Bank as principle indebtedness carrier.  

Share-based Compensation 
NTG has a formal stock option plan allowing the issuance of options to directors, officers, employees and 
consultants  in  order  to  attract  and  retain  qualified  and  experienced  individuals.  All  options  granted  are 
non-assignable, generally expire three years after the grant date, and usually vest over two years but can 
have varying vesting periods. 

No  options  were  granted  to  non-employees  during  2020.  Stock  options  granted  during  the  three  and 
twelve months ended December 31, 2020 totalled 400,000 and 500,000 (2019: 800,000 and 1,670,000). 
The  weighted  average  expected  contractual  lives  of  outstanding  and  exercisable  options  are  shown  in 
Note 18(b). 3,262,000 options have vested and there are 3,412,000 issued. The difference of 150,000 will 
vest in the foreseeable future (within the next 12 months) and the expense will be charged in the future 
quarters. 

Income Taxes 
There are no income taxes for the taxation year ending December 31, 2020 as NTG has income tax losses 
in the amount of $17,799,962 that are available for Canadian federal and provincial tax purposes which 
may be carried forward to reduce future years' taxable income (December 31, 2019: $16,117,458). 

Net Loss 
For Q4 2020, the Corporation recorded a net income of $267,776 compared to a net loss of $(3,989,191) 
for the same period in 2019. For the year ending December 31, 2020, the Corporation recorded a net loss 
of $(1,098,617) compared to $(9,184,109) in 2019.  

The Egypt operating segment, for the three months ended December 31, 2020 recorded a net income of 
$806,277 (Q4 2019: loss of $(1,030,892)). For the year ended December 31, 2020 there was a net income 
of $551,784 (2019: $(1,119,463)). 

For  the  Canadian  operating  segment,  the  net  loss  for  the  three  months was  $538,501  and  for  the year 
ended  December  31,  2020  a  net  loss  of  $(1,650,403)  compared  to  a  net  loss  of  $(2,958,299)  and 
$(8,064,646) for the same periods last year.  

Much of the loss was in Q1 and Q2 and was attributable to the impact of COVID-19 and included: 

  office and customer closures that resulted in project slowdown and delays. 
  a 27% reduction in revenue (Q1 + Q2) over 2019. 

Assets and non-current liabilities 

As of December 31, 2020, the Corporation closed the year with $145,224 cash on hand (2019: $31,068), 
bid/performance bonds of $60,233 (2019: $85,675) and prepaid amounts of $67,501 (2019: $125,409).  

Differences in prepaid amounts are due to the timing of insurance and rental renewals. The decrease in 
bond values compared to year to date 2019 occurred because of bonds that expired in Egypt and KSA. 

Intangible assets 
In  past  years,  intangible  assets  were  related  to  the  upgrade  of  our  internally  developed  Operations 
Support  System/Business  Support  System  (OSS/BSS)  software  product  called  NTS,  and  StageEM,  our 

13 

enterprise  solution  that  allows  companies  to  manage  many  current  and/or  proposed  projects  and 
maintain control of resources, budgets and other elements. As of December 2019, these products were 
impaired  and  removed  from  NTG’s  balance  sheet,  though  we  consider  both  products  to  be  valuable 
assets. 

Smart2Go  is  our  newest  software  development  product.  It  is  a  powerful  development  tool  that  offers 
rapid  application  development  whose  users  need  no  knowledge  of  development  languages.  Powerful 
templates allow users to create their own tools for HR, CRM, asset management, etc. In 2020, Smart2Go 
development was capitalized for $860,636 (2019: $Nil). 

Property and equipment 
Property  and  equipment  of  $157,757  as  of  December  31,  2020  (2019:  $179,162)  consists  mainly  of 
computer  equipment  and  office  furniture  with  a  useful  life  of  4-10  years.  We  are  not  dependant  on 
tangible assets and  we expect the  purchase  and disposal of property and equipment to be  consistently 
modest  in  the  foreseeable  future.  NTG  had  additions  of  $19,677  during  2020  (2019:  $11,438)  and 
depreciation of $41,082 (2019: $54,255). 

Non-current liabilities 
As of December 31, 2020, NTG had the following non-current liabilities: 

  The outstanding indebtedness of $7,189,285 held by a numbered Company is disclosed as a long-term 

debt on the Statements of Financial Position. See Note 17(a) and Note 23 for more information. 

  Several loans payable of $659,547, provided by international investors. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

NTG’s principal requirement for capital is to provide working capital to fund its operations and support its 
organic  growth.  Historically,  we  have  funded  operations  by  using  profits  generated  by  operations  and 
through the issuance of equity. In 2020, we funded operations, changes in non-cash working capital and 
capital expenditures using internally generated cash flows, cash on hand, short-term loans, and a Shares 
for Debt private placement in May 2020. 

At December 31, 2020, we had a working capital deficit of $6,336,678 compared to a deficit of $4,490,883 
at December 31, 2019. The increase in negative working capital was primarily due to the loss for the year. 
Efforts to address our working capital needs in 2020 included: 

 

closing a Shares for Debt transaction in May 2020 to reduce payables by $660,000. 

  working to expand existing customer work and retaining new customers. 
 

continuing our increased collection activities. 

 

loans from overseas investors. 

Cash Flow Provided by Operations 
The  cash  in-flow  from  operating  activities  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  was  $1,833,037 
compared to $366,131 for the same period in 2019. The substantial change compared to 2019 was due to:  

  a much lower net loss of $(1,098,617) compared to $(9,184,109) in 2019.  
 

lower interest expenses of $268,957 (2019: $946,881). 

  a smaller decrease in accounts receivable and increase in accounts payable. 

14 

 
 
Cash Flow from Financing Activities 
The  cash  out-flow  from  financing  activities  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  was  $838,568 
compared to an out-flow of $422,320 for the same period in 2019. This was primarily due to: 

 

the significant decrease in interest paid ($268,957 compared to $946,881 in 2019). 

  a larger Shares for Debt transaction ($660,000 compared to $360,000 in 2019). 

Cash Flow from Investing Activities 
Cash out-flow from investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2020, was $880,313 compared to 
an out-flow  of  $11,437  for the  same  period in  2019.  This was  due  to the  capitalization of development 
costs for our Smart2Go software product. 

Commitments and Contractual Obligations 

The Corporation is committed under agreements for the rental of office space in Canada at a monthly rate 
of $9,232 for the period from June 1, 2016 to May 31, 2021. Additionally, we have short term agreements 
for  the  rental  of  office  space  in  Saudi  Arabia,  Oman,  and  Egypt,  as  well  as  lease  obligations  for  office 
equipment. At December 31, 2020, NTG’s operating lease obligations were $298,704. 

On April 6, 2020, the Corporation signed a Forbearance Agreement with its Canadian landlord where the 
Corporation agreed to pay $5,200 per month and defer the balance of the rent. The Corporation will use 
its best efforts to pay additional amounts against the accruing balance. 

Debt and Credit Facilities 

As of December 31, 2020, NTG’s indebtedness is controlled by a numbered Company, controlled by Ashraf 
Zaghloul, NTG CEO and Kristine Lewis, NTG President. The numbered Company retains the Indebtedness 
and the Security, and all the rights, title and interest together with the full benefit of all powers and all 
covenants and provisions contained in the Security. The Company has agreed to extend the grace period 
for principal installment repayments from January 2021 until May 2022. This has helped the Corporation 
significantly by helping with cash flow and reducing pressure on management to allow them to focus on 
business. The Indebtedness held by the Company is secured by a General Security Agreement (GSA) over 
the  assets  of  the  Corporation.  It  is  listed  as  Long-term  debt on  the  Interim  Consolidated  Statements of 
Financial Position. 

As  of  December  31,  2020,  NTG  Egypt  Advanced  Software,  a  subsidiary  of  the  Corporation,  has  an 
overdraft  facility  with  QNB  bank  in  Egypt  in  the  amount  of  7  million  pounds  (approximately  $569,734) 
with an interest rate of 18%. 

In  April  2020,  NTG  applied  for  and  received  the  Canada  Emergency  Business  Account  (“CEBA”)  loan  of 
C$40,000. In December 2020, NTG applied for and received the expansion of the CEBA loan (an additional 
C$20,000). 

As of  December  31, 2020, we have no EDC-supported bonds.  In early 2019,  the  performance bond was 
called and EDC paid the claim of US$55,848 to RBC Royal Bank. As the bond was 100% insured by EDC, the 
cost was not born by the Corporation.  

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 

The  Corporation  has  not  entered  into  off-balance  sheet  financing  arrangements.  All  commitments  are 
reflected on the Corporation’s balance sheet.  

15 

Transactions with Related Parties 

Transactions between the Corporation and its subsidiaries, which are related parties to the Corporation, 
have been eliminated on consolidation. Related parties include key management, the Board of Directors, 
close  family  members  and  entities  which  are  controlled  by  these  individuals  as  well  as  certain  persons 
performing similar functions.  

The standard key management compensation is listed in Note 23.  

The Corporation’s long-term debt is controlled by a numbered Company, controlled by Ashraf Zaghloul, 
NTG CEO and Kristine Lewis, NTG President. 

Basis of Preparation and Significant Accounting Policies 

The  audited  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International 
Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). 

Significant  accounting  policies  are  presented  in  detail  in  Note  3  of  our  audited  consolidated  financial 
statements for the year ended December 31, 2020. These are available on SEDAR (www.sedar.com). The 
policies  applied in these  statements  are  based on IFRS  issued and  outstanding as of  April 28, 2021, the 
date the Board of Directors approved the consolidated financial statements. 

Proposed Transactions 

There are no Proposed Transactions. 

Business Risk and Management 

NTG’s primary risk management objective is to protect our balance sheet and cash flow. Principal financial 
liabilities  are  made  up  of  a  Company  Indebtedness  (assumed  from  RBC  Royal Bank  in December 2019), 
and trade and other payables. NTG has also taken on short term debt from overseas to assist with cash 
flow. 

We  are  exposed  to  market  risk,  interest  rate  risk,  foreign  exchange  risk,  credit  risk,  and  liquidity  risk. 
Senior  management  oversees  the  management  of  these  risks  and  is  supported  by  a  Committee  that 
advises on financial risks and the appropriate financial risk governance framework. The Board of Directors 
reviews and agrees policies for managing risks. 

In addition to risks described elsewhere, NTG is subject to a number of risk factors. We have significant 
reliance on certain key personnel, some of whom are also key shareholders; Ashraf Zaghloul, CEO; Kristine 
Lewis, President; and Yaser Yousef, CTO. 

Though  we  have  worked  hard  to  diversify  our  customer  base,  we  are  dependent  on  a  few  large 
customers.  In  2020,  29%  (2019:  14%)  of  the  Corporation’s  revenue  was  from  one  customer.  As  at 
December  31,  2020,  approximately  25%  (2019:  13%)  of  the  Corporation’s  trade  accounts  receivable 
balance  was  from  one  customer.  Management  continues  to  work  to  diversify  the  customer  base  and 
country concentration. 

Additional  risks  and  uncertainties  not  described  below  or  not  presently  known  to  the  Corporation  may 
also  impact  our  business.  If  any  of  these  risks  occur,  the  Corporation’s  business,  financial  condition  or 
results of operations could be harmed and the trading price of the Corporation’s common shares could be 
materially  affected.  The  purpose  of  discussing  these  risks  and  uncertainties  is  to  highlight  factors  that 
could cause actual results to differ materially from past results or from those described in forward-looking 
statements. It is not to describe facts, trends and circumstances that could have a positive impact on the 
results or financial position. 

16 

Market risk 

Market  risk  is  the  risk  that  the  fair  value  of  future  cash  flows  of  a  financial  instrument  will  fluctuate 
because  of  changes  in  market  prices.  Market  prices  comprise  several  types  of  risk:  interest  rate  risk, 
currency risk, commodity price risk, and other price risk, such as equity risk. The Corporation is not subject 
to price risk from fluctuations in market prices of commodities and has no exposure to equity price risk.  

There  is  a  high  concentration  of  competition  in  the  telecom  industry  and  no  barrier  of  entry  for  new 
competitors into the market. Many of our competitors are larger companies that have greater resources. 
To help mitigate this risk, we have partnered with, or signed agreements to work through; a few of the 
large competitors, as we can offer seasoned resources at extremely competitive rates. 

Changes in the regulatory environment would always affect our plans and investments. As we continue to 
grow, we will continually monitor and evaluate the various  policies  and procedures to ensure  that  they 
take into account changes in the Corporation and its marketplace. 

In  2020,  approximately  63%  of our  revenue  came  from  work  done  in  KSA  (2019:  49%).  The majority  of 
NTG’s KSA customers are consistently within our 180 days payment terms.  

Historically  7-11%  of  our  revenue  comes  from  work  done  through  our  subsidiary  NTG  Egypt,  based  in 
Cairo,  Egypt.  Since  2014,  the  contribution  percentage  has  grown  from  13.7%  to  26%  in  2020.  The 
economic challenges in the region continue have a positive impact on our Egypt operations.  

Oman’s one customer contributed 11% of the revenue in 2020 (2019: 9%). 

Interest rate risk 

The Corporation's exposure to interest rate fluctuations is primarily interest paid on its indebtedness and 
long-term  loans.  The  Corporation  has  performed  sensitivity  analysis  on  interest  rates  at  December  31, 
2020 to determine how a change in interest rates would impact equity and net loss.  

During the year, the Corporation paid $268,957 (2019: $946,881) on its loans and liabilities. An increase or 
decrease of 100 basis points in the average interest rate paid during the period would have adjusted net 
earnings by approximately $26,896 (2019: $94,688). This analysis assumes that all other variables remain 
constant.  

Credit risk 

Credit risk is the risk of an unexpected loss if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to 
meet its contractual obligation. NTG’s financial instruments that are exposed to credit risk consist primarily 
of  trade  receivable.  Our  exposure  to  credit  risk  is  impacted  by  the  economic  conditions  for  the  industry 
which  could  affect  the  customers'  ability to  satisfy  their  obligations.  To  reduce  risks, we  perform  periodic 
credit evaluations of the financial conditions of its customers and typically does not require collateral from 
them. Management assesses the need for allowance for potential credit losses by considering the credit risk 
of specific customers, historical trends and other information.  

The credit quality of all the accounts receivable of the Corporation that are neither past due nor impaired 
and the age of accounts receivable that are past due but not impaired have been assessed on an individual 
basis and determined to have  a mitigated risk  profile  due  to their payment history.  NTG  previously  had 
receivables and pre-shipping insurance; however we did not renew this insurance due to cash flow (see 
Note 26). This introduces a new level of risk of non-payment by customers which was not previously there. 

17 

 
 
Foreign currency risk 

Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate 
because of changes in foreign exchange rates. Our exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates 
relates primarily to operating activities, when revenue or expense are denominated in a different currency 
from our functional currency, the Canadian dollar. 

We do not hedge the risk related to fluctuations of the exchange rate between USA and Canadian dollars 
from the date of the sales transactions to the collection date due to the short-term nature of this exposure. 
The  Corporation  does  not  hedge  the  risk  related  to  fluctuations  of  the  exchange  rate  between  USA  and 
Canadian dollars from the date of the sales transactions to the collection date due to the short-term nature 
of this exposure.  

A 10% change in exchange rates on December 31, 2020 would have the following approximate impacts: 

10% impact to: 

P&L in CAD 

Equity in CAD 

U.S. 
Dollar 
USD 

79,287 

58,276 

Omani 
Riyal 
OMR 

7,938 

5,834 

Kuwait 
Dinar 
KWD 

43,299 

Saudi 
Riyal 
SAR 

60,018 

31,825 

44,113 

Qatari 
Riyal 
QAR 

11 

8 

Egyptian 
Pound 
LE 

25,459 

18,712 

Liquidity risk 

Liquidity  risk  is  the  risk  that  NTG  will  not  be  able  to  meet  its  financial  obligations  as  they  fall  due.  Our 
approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that we will always have sufficient liquidity 
to  meet  our  liabilities  when  due,  under  normal  and  stressed  conditions.  We  manage  liquidity  risk  by 
reviewing capital requirements on an ongoing basis. We continuously review both actual and forecasted 
cash flows to ensure that we have appropriate capital capacity. 

The following table  summarizes  the  amount  of contractual undiscounted future  cash flow  requirements 
for financial instruments as at December 31, 2020: 

Contractual obligations 

2021 

Accounts payable and 
accrued liabilities 

$  7,126,959 

2022 

– 

2023 

2024 and after 

Total 

– 

– 

$ 

7,126,959 

Operating lease 

Long-term debt 

Loans payable 

184,455 

 7,217,784 

 659,547 

105,878 

5,371 

3,000 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

298,704 

 7,217,784 

659,547 

The aging of trade accounts payable are as follows: 

December 31, 

Current 
31 – 60 days 
61 – 90 days 
91 – 180 days 
More than 180 days 

2020 

800,211 
109,175 
30,732 
98,235 
2,685,866 

3,724,219 

$ 

$ 

2019 

419,918 
103,642 
131,302 
583,163 
2,220,676 

3,458,701 

$ 

$ 

Expenses are  accrued when incurred. Accounts  are  deemed payable once  an event occurs that requires 
payment  by  a  specific  date.  The  contractual  maturity  of  the  majority  of  accounts  payable  is  within  one 
month.  

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital Management 
NTG manages its capital, which consists of cash provided from operations and long term debt, with the 
primary  objective  being  safeguarding  sufficient  working  capital  to  sustain  operations.  The  Board  of 
Directors  has  not  established  capital  benchmarks  or  other  targets.  As  at  December  31,  2020,  the 
Corporation was pursuing additional capital through the issuance of additional equity or debt financing. 
There can be no guarantee that they will be successful in raising additional capital. 

There  have  been  no  changes  in  the  NTG’s  approach  to  capital  management  during  the  year  ending 
December 31, 2020. Also, no changes were made in the objectives, policies, or processes during the year 
ending December 31, 2020. We will continually assess the adequacy of our capital structure and capacity 
and  make  adjustments  within  the  context  of  NTG’s  strategy,  economic  conditions,  and  the  risk 
characteristics of the business. 

NTG’s objectives when managing capital are to: 

 (i) 

(ii) 

safeguard the Corporation's ability to continue as a going concern, so that it can provide adequate 
returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders; 
fund  capital  projects  for  facilitation  of  business  expansion  provided  there  is  sufficient  liquidly  of 
capital to enable the internal financing; and 

(iii)  maintain a capital base to maintain investor, creditor, and market confidence. 

NTG  considers  the  items  included  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  changes  in  shareholders'  equity  as 
capital. We manage the capital structure and make adjustments to it in the light of changes in economic 
conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital 
structure, we may issue new shares. We are not subject to externally imposed capital requirements. 

Legal claim contingency 

NTG  is  subject  to  a  variety  of  claims  and  suits  that  arise  from  time  to  time  in  the  ordinary  course  of 
business.  Although  management  currently  believes  that  resolving  claims  against  NTG,  individually  or  in 
aggregate,  will  not  have  a  material  adverse  impact  on  our  financial  position,  results  of  operations,  and 
cash flows, these matters are subject to inherent uncertainties and management's view of these matters 
may change in the future. To date, there are no claims or suits outstanding.  

Guarantees 

NTG  indemnifies  its  directors  and  officers  against  claims  reasonably  incurred  and  resulting  from  the 
performance of their services to the Corporation. In March 2020, the Corporation was unable to renew its 
Directors  and  Officers  liability  insurance.  The  insurance  remains  a  concern  and  we  are  looking  for 
alternatives. 

Collateral 

NTG  has  pledged  its  assets  under  a  General  Security  Agreement  ("GSA")  as  disclosed  in  Note  17.  The 
Corporation did not hold collateral at December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019. 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures and Internal Controls over Financial Reporting 

The  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  have  evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the 
Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2020 and have concluded that such 
disclosure  controls  and  procedures  were  effective  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  material 
information relating to the Corporation or its subsidiaries is made known to them. 

19 

In  contrast  to  the  certificate  required  for  non-venture  issuers  under  National  Instrument  52-109 
Certification  of  Disclosure  in  Issuers’  Annual  and  Interim  Filings  (NI  52-109),  this  Venture  Issuer  Basic 
Certificate does not include representations relating to the establishment and maintenance of disclosure 
controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as defined in NI 52-
109. In particular, the certifying officers (CFO and CEO) filing the NI 52-109 certificate is not making any 
representations relating to the establishment and maintenance of: 

i)   controls and other procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to 
be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted under 
securities  legislation  is  recorded,  processed,  summarized  and  reported  within  the  time  periods 
specified in securities legislation; and 

ii)   a  process  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the issuer’s GAAP (IFRS). 
The  issuer’s  certifying  officers  are  responsible  for  ensuring  that  processes  are  in  place  to  provide  them 
with  sufficient  knowledge  to  support  the  representations  they  are  making  in  the  NI  52-109  certificate. 
Investors should be aware that inherent limitations on the ability of certifying officers of a venture issuer 
to design and implement on a cost effective basis DC&P and ICFR as defined in NI 52- 109 may result in 
additional  risks  to  the  quality,  reliability,  transparency  and  timeliness  of  interim  and  annual  filings  and 
other reports provided under securities legislation. 

Standards issued but not yet effective 

As  at  April  28,  2021,  the  date  of  authorization  of  these  financial  statements,  certain  new  standards, 
amendments, and interpretations to existing IFRS standards have been published but are not yet effective 
and have not been adopted by the Corporation. All other standards were early adopted as explained in 
the prior year's financial statements. 

Management’s Statement of Responsibility  

The  management  of  NTG Clarity Networks  Inc.  is  responsible  for the  preparation  of  the  accompanying 
consolidated  financial  statements  and  the  preparation  and  presentation  of  information  in  the  Annual 
Report.  The  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International 
Financial Reporting Standards, and are considered by management to present fairly the financial position 
and operating results of the Corporation. 

The  Corporation  maintains  various  systems  of  internal  control  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  that 
transactions are properly authorized and recorded, that assets are safeguarded, and that financial reports 
are properly maintained to provide reliable financial statements. 

The  Corporation's  audit  committee 
independent  directors  and  a  management 
representative  and  is  appointed  by  the  Board  of  Directors  annually.  The  committee  meets  periodically 
with  the  Corporation's  management  and  independent  auditors  to  review  the  consolidated  financial 
statements  and  the  independent  auditors  report.  The  audit  committee  has  approved  the  consolidated 
financial statements and reported its findings to the Board of Directors. 

is  comprised  of 

The Corporation's independent auditors, NVS Professional Corporation, have examined the consolidated 
financial statements and their report follows. 

"Ashraf Zaghloul" 

Ashraf Zaghloul 
Chief Executive Officer   
April 28, 2021 

20 

"Kristine Lewis" 

Kristine Lewis 
President  
April 28, 2021 

  
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report 

To the Shareholders of 
NTG Clarity Networks Inc.: 

Report on the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements  

Opinion 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of  NTG Clarity Networks Inc. and its subsidiaries (the 
"Corporation"), which comprise the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 
2019, and the consolidated statements of profit and loss and comprehensive income, consolidated statements of changes in 
equity  and  consolidated  statements  of  cash  flows  for  the  years  then  ended,  and  notes  to  the  consolidated  financial 
statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. 

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated 
financial  position  of  the  Corporation  as  at  December  31,  2020  and  December  31,  2019,  and  its  consolidated  financial 
performance and its consolidated cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards (IFRS). 

Basis for Opinion 
We conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Our responsibilities under those 
standards are further described in the Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements section 
of our report. We are independent of the Corporation in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our 
audit of the consolidated financial statements in Canada, and we have fulfilled our ethical responsibilities in accordance with 
these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our opinion. 

Material Uncertainty Related to Going Concern 
We draw attention to Note 2 in the consolidated financial statements, which indicates that the Corporation has attained an 
loss from operations of $1,098,617 during the year ended December 31, 2020 and, as of that date, the Corporation has an 
accumulated deficit of $24,796,574. As stated in Note 2, these events or conditions, along with other matters as set forth in 
Note 2, indicate that a material uncertainty exists that may cast significant doubt on the Corporation’s ability to continue as a 
going concern. Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter. 

Other Information 
Management is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises: 

•  Management's Discussion and Analysis 
• 

The information, other than the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon, in the Annual Report. 

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not and will not express any form of 
assurance conclusion thereon. In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other 
information  identified  above  and,  in  doing  so,  consider  whether  the  other  information  is  materially  inconsistent  with  the 
financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 

We obtained Management's Discussion and Analysis prior to the date of this auditor's report. If, based on the work we have 
performed  on  this  other  information,  we  conclude  that  there  is  a  material  misstatement  of  this  other  information,  we  are 
required to report that fact in this auditor's report. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

21 

 
 
 
 
The Annual Report is expected to be made available to us after the date of the auditor's report. If, based on the work we will 
perform  on  this  other  information,  we  conclude  that  there  is  a  material  misstatement  of  this  other  information,  we  are 
required to report that fact to those charged with governance. 

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance 
with IFRS, and for  such internal control as management  determines  is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated 
financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In  preparing  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  management  is  responsible  for  assessing  the  Corporation’s  ability  to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the  going concern basis of 
accounting  unless  management  either  intends  to  liquidate  the  Corporation  or  to  cease  operations,  or  has  no  realistic 
alternative but to do so. 

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Corporation’s financial reporting process. 

Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole are free 
from  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error,  and  to  issue  an  auditor’s  report  that  includes  our  opinion. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with Canadian 
generally  accepted  auditing  standards  will  always  detect  a  material  misstatement  when  it  exists.  Misstatements  can  arise 
from  fraud  or  error  and  are  considered  material  if,  individually  or  in  the  aggregate,  they  could  reasonably  be  expected  to 
influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated financial statements. 

As  part  of  an  audit  in  accordance  with  Canadian  generally  accepted  auditing  standards,  we  exercise  professional  judgment 
and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also: 

• 

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or 
error,  design  and  perform  audit  procedures  responsive  to  those  risks,  and  obtain  audit  evidence  that  is  sufficient  and 
appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is 
higher  than  for  one  resulting  from  error,  as  fraud  may 
intentional  omissions, 
misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. 

involve  collusion,  forgery, 

•  Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate 
in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Corporation’s internal 
control. 

• 

• 

Evaluate  the  appropriateness  of  accounting  policies  used  and  the  reasonableness  of  accounting  estimates  and  related 
disclosures made by management. 

Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit 
evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt 
on  the  Corporations’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern.  If  we  conclude  that  a  material  uncertainty  exists,  we  are 
required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements or, if 
such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to 
the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Corporation to cease to continue as 
a going concern. 

22 
22 

 
 
 
 
 
 

Evaluate  the  overall  presentation,  structure,  and  content  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  including  the 
disclosures,  and  whether  the  consolidated  financial  statements  represent  the  underlying  transactions  and  events  in  a 
manner that achieves fair presentation. 

•  Obtain  sufficient  appropriate  audit  evidence  regarding  the  financial  information  of  the  entities  or  business  activities 
within  the  Corporation  to  express  an  opinion  on  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  We  are  responsible  for  the 
direction, supervision and performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.  

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the 
audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit. 

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements 
regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought 
to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards. 

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Sadik Najarali. 

NVS Professional Corporation 

NVS Professional Corporation 
Authorized to practice public accounting by 
the Chartered Professional Accountants of Ontario 

Markham, Ontario 
April 28, 2021 

23 

 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position 
(In Canadian Dollars) 
As at December 31, 
ASSETS 
Current assets 
 Cash and cash equivalents (Note 10) 
 Trade and other receivables (Note 11) 
 Bid/performance bonds (Note 13) 
 Prepaid expenses and deposits (Note 12) 

 Total current assets 

Non-current assets 
 Property, plant and equipment (Note 14) 
 Intangible assets (Note 15) 

 Total non-current assets 

Total Assets 
LIABILITIES 
Current liabilities 
 Bank indebtedness (Note 17) 
 Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (Note 16) 
 Current portion of leasehold liability 
 Due to related parties (Note 24) 
 Deferred revenue 
 Loans payable (Note 24) 
 Total current liabilities 

Non-current liabilities 
 Long-term debt (Note 17) (Note 24) 
 Due to related parties (Note 24) 

 Total non-current liabilities 

Total liabilities 
SHAREHOLDER’S EQUITY 
 Capital stock (Note 19) 
 Contributed surplus (Note 20) 
 Foreign exchange account 
 Deficit 

 Total shareholders’ equity 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 2020 

2019 

$ 

$ 

$ 

145,224 
1,881,952 
60,233 
67,501 

2,154,910 

157,757 
860,636 

1,018,393 

31,068 
2,346,824 
85,675 
125,409 

2,588,976 

179,162 
– 

179,162 

3,173,303 

$ 

2,768,138 

569,734 
7,126,959 
1,551 
– 
133,797 
659,547 
8,491,588 

 7,217,784 
– 

7,217,784 

15,709,372 

10,808,186 
1,809,523 
(357,204) 
(24,796,574) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

– 
6,507,919 
5,241 
566,699 
– 
– 
7,079,859 

7,100,712 
689,718 

7,790,430 

14,870,289 

10,148,186 
1,808,958 
(891,040) 
(23,164,121) 

(12,536,069) 

(12,102,151) 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity 

$ 

3,173,303 

$ 

2,768,138 

Approved on behalf of the Board: 
"Ashraf Zaghloul" 
Director 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

24 

"Kristine Lewis" 
Director 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 

Balance, January 1, 2019 

Share 
Capital 

Contributed 
Surplus 
$  9,752,186  $  1,788,593  $ (14,352,386)  $ 

Deficit 

Foreign 
Exchange 
Reserve 

(In Canadian Dollars) 
Total 
Shareholders’ 
Equity 
(518,666)  $  (3,330,273) 

Income from continuing operations 

– 

–   

(8,811,735)  

–  

(8,811,735) 

Other comprehensive income 

Share-based compensation (Note 19)  

Issuance of share capital (Note 19) 

Debt for share exchange (Note 19) 

Reallocation of contributed surplus 
(Note 19) 

–   
             –   

24,000   

360,000   
12,000   

– 

28,231 

– 

– 

(12,000) 

– 

– 

– 

– 

(372,374) 

(372,374) 

– 

– 

– 

– 

28,231 

24,000 

360,000 

– 

Balance, December 31, 2019 

$  10,148,186  $  1,804,824  $ (23,164,121)  $ 

(891,040)  $ (12,102,151) 

Income from continuing operations 

Other comprehensive income  

– 

– 

Share-based compensation (Note 19)  

           – 

Debt for share exchange (Note 19) 

660,000   

–   

(1,632,453)  

–  

(1,632,453) 

– 

4,699 

– 

– 

– 

533,836 

– 

– 

533,836 

4,699 

660,000 

Balance, December 31, 2020 

$  10,808,186  $  1,809,523  $ (24,796,574)  $ 

(357,204)  $ (12,536,069) 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Consolidated Statements of Profit and Loss and Comprehensive Income 
 (In Canadian Dollars) 
For the years ended December 31, 

2020 

2019 

REVENUE (Note 7) 

COST OF SALES (Note 22) 

GROSS MARGIN 

OPERATING EXPENSES 
  Selling (Note 23) 
  General and administration (Note 23) 
  (Gain) loss on foreign exchange 

 Total operating expenses  
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS 

OTHER EXPENSES  
  Amortization (Note 15) 
  Depreciation (Note 14) 
  Government subsidy (Note 18) 
  Accretion (Note 18) 
  Loss on impairment of intangible asset (Note 15) 
  Provision for bad debts (Note 11) 
  Interest 
  Foreign fees 
  (Gain) on sale of licenses (Note 29) 
  Share-based payments (Note 20) 
  Impairment (recovery) of unbilled revenue (Note 11) 
  Other income 

 Total other expenses 

$ 

7,906,989 

$ 

8,626,429 

5,673,356 

2,233,633 

955,428 
2,353,089 
85,893 

6,373,463 

2,252,966 

2,316,833 
4,063,432 
516,231 

3,394,410 
(1,160,777) 

6,896,496 
(4,643,530) 

$ 

$ 

– 
41,082 
(34,970) 
3,470 
– 
339,602 
268,957 
– 
(99,428) 
4,699 
– 
(51,736) 

471,676 

364,417 
54,255 
– 
– 
644,985 
1,322,485 
946,881 
(245) 
– 
28,231 
807,196 
– 

4,168,205 

(LOSS) FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 

$ 

(1,632,453) 

$ 

(8,811,735) 

Other comprehensive income: 

  Exchange gain (loss) arising on translation of foreign operations 

533,836 

(372,374) 

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) FOR THE YEAR 

$ 

(1,098,617) 

$ 

(9,184,109) 

Earnings (loss) per share (Note 9) 

  Basic 
  Diluted 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding 

  Basic 
  Diluted 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

26 

$ 
$ 

(0.01) 
(0.01) 

$ 
$ 

(0.16) 
(0.15) 

100,102,355 
103,514,355 

56,102,355 
59,588,956 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the years ended December 31, 

Cash provided by (used in)  
OPERATING ACTIVITIES 
  Net loss for the year 
   Add-Items not affecting cash: 
    Amortization (Note 15) 
    Depreciation (Note 14) 
    Interest expense 
    Share-based payment (Note 19) 
    Loss on impairment of intangible asset (Note 15) 
  Shares for debt issued (Note 19) 

Net change in non-cash working capital items, 
   Decrease in trades and accounts receivable 
   (Decrease) in deferred revenue 
   Increase in bid/performance bond 
   Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses and deposits 
   Increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
   Increase (decrease) increase in leasehold liability 
Increase (decrease) in loans payable 

TOTAL CASH IN-FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES 
  Advances (to) related parties 
  Advances from related parties 
  Increase in long-term debt (Note 17) 
  Interest paid 
  Issuance of common shares (Note 19) 
  Repayment of bank indebtedness (Note 17) 

TOTAL CASH (OUT-FLOW) FROM FINANCING 
ACTIVITIES 

NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
(In Canadian Dollars) 
2019 

2020 

$ 

(1,098,617) 

$ 

(9,184,109) 

– 
41,082 
268,957 
4,699 
– 
660,000 
(123,879) 

464,872 
133,797 
25,442 
57,908 
619,040 
(3,690) 
659,547 

1,833,037 

– 
(1,256,417) 
117,072 
(268,957) 
– 
569,734 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

364,417 
54,255 
946,881 
4,133 
644,985 
360,000 
(6,785,340) 

3,604,321 
(16,525) 
25,861 
82,301 
3,459,203 
(3,690) 
– 

366,131 

300,000 
328,416 
7,100,712 
(946,881) 
24,000 
(7,228,567) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

(838,568) 

$ 

(422,320) 

INVESTING ACTIVITIES 
  Purchase of property, plant and equipment (Note 14) 
  (Additions) intangible assets (Note 15) 

TOTAL CASH (OUT-FLOW) FROM INVESTING 
ACTIVITIES 

NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH 

Cash balance, beginning of period 

Cash balance, end of period 

(19,676) 
(860,636) 

(880,313) 

$ 

114,156 

31,068 

145,224 

$ 

$ 

$ 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

(11,437) 
– 

(11,437) 

(67,626) 

98,694 

31,068 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

1. 

CORPORATE INFORMATION 

NTG Clarity Networks Inc. (the “Corporation”) is domiciled in Canada and its shares are traded publicly 
on the TSX Venture Exchange under ticker symbol NCI.V. The Corporation is domiciled in Canada and 
was  incorporated  on  May  15,  2001  under  the  laws  of  Alberta.  The  Corporation’s  principal  and 
registered office is Suite 202, 2820 14th Avenue, Markham, Ontario, L3R 0S9. 

The  Corporation  provides  network,  telecom,  IT  and  infrastructure  solutions  to  medium  and  large 
network service providers. The Corporation specializes in providing telecommunications engineering, 
networking and related software solutions and has developed niche software products directed at the 
telecom service providers. NTG continues to offer professional telecom and IT services in the North 
American and Middle Eastern markets. 

The  telecom  industry  is  subject  to  rapid  and  substantial  technological  change  which  could  reduce 
marketability of the Corporation's technology and services. 

Impact of COVID-19 
The  uncertainties  around  the  outbreak  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic  required  the  use  of  significant 
judgment  and  estimates.  As  at  December  31,  2020,  the  Corporation  has  not  noted  any  significant 
impairment  as  a  result  of  COVID-19.  The  uncertain  future  impact  of  COVID-19  could  generate,  in 
future reporting periods, a significant risk of material adjustments to the carrying amount of: accounts 
receivable,  property,  plant  &  equipment,  finite-life  intangible  assets,  and  government  authorities 
loans  and  other  loans.  As  an  emerging  risk,  the  duration  and  full  financial  effect  of  the  COVID-19 
pandemic  is  unknown  at  this  time,  and  accordingly  estimates  of  the  extent  to  which  the  COVID-19 
may  materially  and  adversely  affect  the  Corporation's  consolidated  financial  condition,  operations 
and consolidated financial results are subject to significant uncertainty. 

2.  GOING CONCERN 

The Corporation prepared consolidated financial statements on a going concern basis which presume 
the realization of assets and discharge of liabilities in a normal course of business for the foreseeable 
future. The Corporation’s ability to continue operations and to realize assets at their carrying values is 
dependent  upon  generating  revenues  sufficient  to  cover  its  operating  costs,  obtaining  additional 
financing aid and the continued support of its shareholders. 

As at December 31, 2020, the Corporation had a working capital deficit of $6,336,678 (2019: deficit of 
$4,490,883), loss from operations of $1,160,777  (2019:  loss of $4,643,530), and  accumulated losses 
since inception of $24,796,574 (2019: $23,164,121). 

The financial statements have  been prepared under the assumption that the Corporation is a going 
concern and will continue to be in operation for the foreseeable future. 

3.  BASIS OF PRESENTATION 

The audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except 
for certain financial instruments that have been measured at fair value. 

28 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

3.   BASIS OF PRESENTATION (cont’d) 

Statement of Compliance 
The audited consolidated financial statements of the Corporation have been prepared in accordance 
with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (IFRS)  as  issued  by  the  International  Accounting 
Standards  Board  (IASB),  London,  and  the  Interpretations  of  the  International  Financial  Reporting 
Interpretations Committee (IFRIC) and in effect at the closing date of April 28, 2021. 

Management of the  Corporation prepared the consolidated financial statements of the Corporation 
during January and February 2020, and the Board of Directors approved them. The Audit Committee 
of the Corporation discussed the audited consolidated financial statements at its meeting on April 28, 
2021, and the Board of Directors approved them at its meeting on April 28, 2021.  

The audited consolidated financial statements of the Corporation are drawn up in Canadian dollars. 
Amounts  are  stated  in  and  recorded  to  the  nearest  Canadian  dollars  except  where  otherwise 
indicated. The financial statements of the individual companies is prepared as of the closing date of 
the Corporation’s financial statements using the same accounting policies. 

In  the  audited  consolidated  statement  of  profit  and  loss  and  comprehensive  income,  consolidated 
statement of financial position, consolidated statement of cash flows, and consolidated statement of 
changes in equity, certain items are combined for the sake of clarity. These are explained within the 
notes. The consolidated statement of profit and loss and comprehensive income is prepared using the 
cost-of-sales method. Assets and liabilities are classified by maturity. They are regarded as current if 
they  mature  within  one  year  or  within  the  normal  business  cycle  of  the  Corporation.  The  normal 
business  cycle  is  defined  for  this  purpose  as  beginning  with  the  procurement  of  the  resources 
necessary  for  the  production  process  and  ending  with  the  receipt  of  cash  or  cash  equivalents  as 
consideration  for  the  sale  of  the  goods  or  services  produced  in  that  process.  Trade  accounts 
receivable  and  payable,  claims  for  tax  refunds,  and  tax  liabilities  are  always  presented  as  current 
items; deferred tax assets and liabilities, if any, are presented as noncurrent items. Provisions (if any), 
debt and other liabilities are shown between current and noncurrent. 

4. 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

(a)  Basis of consolidation 

The audited consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of the Corporation 
and its subsidiaries as at December 31, 2020. 

The  subsidiaries  are  fully  consolidated  from  the  date  of  acquisition,  being  the  date  on  which  the 
Corporation  obtains  control,  and  continues  to  be  consolidated  until  the  date  that  such  control 
ceases. The financial statements of the subsidiary is prepared for the same reporting period as the 
parent  corporation  using  consistent  accounting  policies.  All  intra  group  balances,  income  and 
expenses, unrealized gains and losses, and dividends resulting from intra group transactions, if any, 
are eliminated in full.  

A change in the ownership interest of a subsidiary, without a change of control, is accounted for as 
an equity transaction.  

29 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(a)  Basis of consolidation (cont’d) 

The subsidiary of the Corporation as of December 31, 2020 is its 95% owned subsidiary, NTG Egypt 
Advanced Software, and its wholly owned U.S. subsidiary, NTG Clarity Networks US Inc. 

(b)  Foreign currency transaction 

Translation to the presentation currency 

Each  entity  in  the  Corporation  determines  its  own  functional  currency  and  items  included  in  the 
financial  statements  of  each  entity  are  measured  using  that  functional  currency.  The  functional 
currency and the presentation currency of the parent entity is the Canadian dollar. Transactions in 
foreign  currencies  are  initially  recorded  in  respective  functional  currency  rates  at  the  date  of  the 
transaction.  Monetary  assets  and  liabilities  denominated  in  foreign  currencies  are  retranslated  at 
the functional currency rate at the reporting date. Differences are taken to the statement of profit 
or loss  and comprehensive  income. Non monetary items that are measured in terms of historical 
cost  in  a  foreign  currency  are  translated  using  the  exchange  rates  as  at  the  dates  of  the  initial 
transactions.  

The  functional  currency  of  the  subsidiary  NTG  Egypt  Advanced  is  the  Egyptian  pound,  and  the 
functional currency of the subsidiary NTG Clarity Networks US Inc. is the US Dollar. 

An entity may present  its financial statements in  any currency  (or currencies). If the presentation 
currency differs from the entity's functional currency, it translates its results and financial position 
into  the  presentation  currency.  For  example,  when  a  group  contains  individual  entities  with 
different functional currencies, the results and financial position of each entity are expressed in a 
common currency so that consolidated financial statements may be presented.  

The  results  and  financial  position  of  an  entity  whose  functional  currency  is  not  the  currency  of  a 
hyperinflationary  economy  shall  be  translated  into  a  different  presentation  currency  using  the 
following procedures: 

1.  Assets  and  liabilities  for  each  statement  of  financial  position  presented  (i.e.  including 
comparatives) shall be translated at the closing rate at the date of that statement of financial 
position; 

2. 

Income  and  expenses  for  each  statement  presenting  profit  or  loss  and  other  comprehensive 
income  (i.e.  including  comparatives)  shall  be  translated  at  exchange  rates  at  the  dates of  the 
transactions; and 

3.  All resulting exchange differences shall be recognized in other comprehensive income. 

For practical reasons, a rate that approximates the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions, 
for example an average rate for the period, is often used to translate income and expense items.  

30 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(b) Foreign currency transaction (cont'd) 

Translation to the presentation currency (cont’d) 

However,  if  exchange  rates  fluctuate  significantly,  the  use  of  the  average  rate  for  a  period  is 
inappropriate. The exchange differences referred to in IAS 21.39(c) result from: 

1.  Translating  income  and  expenses  at  the  exchange  rates  at  the  dates  of  the  transactions  and 

assets and liabilities at the closing rate. 

2.  Translating the opening net assets at a closing rate that differs from the previous closing rate. 

These  exchange  differences  are  not  recognized  in  profit or  loss  because the  changes  in  exchange 
rates  have  little  or  no  direct  effect  on  the  present  and  future  cash  flows  from  operations.  The 
cumulative  amount  of  the  exchange  differences  is  presented  in  a  separate  component  of  equity 
until disposal of the foreign operation. When the exchange differences relate to a foreign operation 
that  is  consolidated  but  not  wholly  owned,  accumulated  exchange  differences  arising  from 
translation and attributable to non-controlling interests are allocated to, and recognized as part of, 
non-controlling interests in the consolidated statement of financial position. 

The  results  and  financial  position  of  an  entity  whose  functional  currency  is  the  currency  of  a 
hyperinflationary  economy  shall  be  translated  into  a  different  presentation  currency  using  the 
following procedures: 

1.  All amounts (i.e. assets, liabilities, equity items, income and expenses, including comparatives) 
shall  be  translated  at  the  closing  rate  at  the  date  of  the  most  recent  statement  of  financial 
position, except that 

2. 

 When  amounts  are  translated  into  the  currency  of  a  non  hyperinflationary  economy, 
comparative  amounts  shall  be  those  that  were  presented  as  current  year  amounts  in  the 
relevant prior year financial statements (i.e. not adjusted for subsequent changes in the price 
level or subsequent changes in exchange rates). 

When an entity's functional currency is the currency of a hyperinflationary economy, the entity shall 
restate its financial statements in accordance with before applying the translation method set out in 
IAS  21.,  except  for  comparative  amounts  that  are  translated  into  a  currency  of  a  non 
hyperinflationary  economy  (see  IAS  21.42(b)).  When  the  economy  ceases  to  be  hyperinflationary 
and the entity no longer restates its financial statements in accordance with IAS 29, it shall use as 
the historical costs for translation into the presentation currency the amounts restated to the price 
level at the date the entity ceased restating its financial statements. 

Translation of a foreign operation 

IAS  21.–47,  in  addition  to  IAS  21.–43,  apply  when  the  results  and  financial  position  of  a  foreign 
operation are translated into a presentation currency so that the foreign operation can be included 
in the financial statements of the reporting entity by consolidation or the equity method. 

31 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(b)  Foreign currency transaction (cont'd) 

Translation of a foreign operation (cont’d) 

The  incorporation  of  the  results  and  financial  position  of  a  foreign  operation  with  those  of  the 
reporting  entity  follows  normal  consolidation  procedures,  such  as  the  elimination  of  intra-group 
balances  and  intra-group  transactions  of  a  subsidiary  (see  Consolidated  Financial  Statements). 
However, an intra-group monetary asset (or liability), whether short-term or long-term, cannot be 
eliminated against the corresponding intra-group liability (or asset) without showing the results of 
currency  fluctuations  in the  consolidated  financial  statements. This  is  because  the monetary  item 
represents a commitment to convert one currency into another and exposes the reporting entity to 
a gain or loss through currency fluctuations. Accordingly, in the consolidated financial statements of 
the reporting entity, such an exchange difference is recognised in profit or loss or, if it arises from 
the  circumstances  described  in  IAS  21,  it  is  recognised  in  other  comprehensive  income  and 
accumulated in a separate component of equity until the disposal of the foreign operation. 

When  the  financial  statements  of  a  foreign  operation  are  as  of  a  date  different  from  that  of  the 
reporting entity, the foreign operation often prepares additional statements as of the same date as 
the reporting entity's financial statements. When this is not done, allows the use of a different date 
provided  that  the  difference  is  no  greater  than  three  months  and  adjustments  are  made  for  the 
effects  of  any  significant  transactions  or  other  events  that  occur  between  the  different  dates.  In 
such a case, the assets and liabilities of the foreign operation are translated at the exchange rate at 
the end of the reporting period of the foreign operation.  

Adjustments  are  made  for  significant  changes  in  exchange  rates  up  to  the  end  of  the  reporting 
period of the reporting entity in accordance with IFRS 10. The same approach is used in applying the 
equity method to associates and joint ventures in accordance with. 

Any goodwill arising on the acquisition of a foreign operation and any fair value adjustments to the 
carrying amounts of assets and liabilities arising on the acquisition of that foreign operation shall be 
treated  as  assets  and  liabilities  of  the  foreign  operation.  Thus  they  shall  be  expressed  in  the 
functional currency of the foreign operation and shall be translated at the closing rate in accordance 
with IAS 21. and IAS 21.42. 

Disposal or partial disposal of a foreign operation 

On the disposal of a foreign operation, the cumulative amount of the exchange differences relating 
to  that  foreign  operation,  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income  and  accumulated  in  the 
separate component of equity, shall be reclassified from equity to profit or loss (as a reclassification 
adjustment)  when  the  gain  or  loss  on  disposal  is  recognized  (see  Presentation  of  Financial 
Statements). 

32 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(b)  Foreign currency translation (cont'd) 

Disposal or partial disposal of a foreign operation (cont’d) 

In addition to the disposal of an entity's entire interest in a foreign operation, the following partial 
disposals are accounted for as disposals: 

1.  When  the  partial  disposal  involves  the  loss  of  control  of  a  subsidiary  that  includes  a  foreign 
operation,  regardless  of  whether  the  entity  retains  a  non-controlling  interest  in  its  former 
subsidiary after the partial disposal; and 

2.  When the retained interest after the partial disposal of an interest in a joint arrangement or a 
partial disposal of an interest in an associate that includes a foreign operation is a financial asset 
that includes a foreign operation. 

On  disposal  of  a  subsidiary  that  includes  a  foreign  operation,  the  cumulative  amount  of  the 
exchange  differences  relating  to  that  foreign  operation  that  have  been  attributed  to  the  non-
controlling interests shall be derecognized, but shall not be reclassified to profit or loss. 

On the partial disposal of a subsidiary that includes a foreign operation, the entity shall re attribute 
the proportionate share of the cumulative amount of the exchange differences recognized in other 
comprehensive  income  to  the  non-controlling  interests  in  that  foreign  operation.  In  any  other 
partial  disposal  of  a  foreign  operation  the  entity  shall  reclassify  to  profit  or  loss  only  the 
proportionate  share  of  the  cumulative  amount  of  the  exchange  differences  recognized  in  other 
comprehensive income. 

A  partial  disposal  of  an  entity's  interest  in  a  foreign  operation  is  any  reduction  in  an  entity's 
ownership interest in a foreign operation, except those reductions in paragraph that are accounted 
for as disposals. 

An  entity  may  dispose  or  partially  dispose  of  its  interest  in  a  foreign  operation  through  sale, 
liquidation, repayment of share capital or abandonment of all, or part of, that entity. A write down 
of  the  carrying  amount  of  a  foreign  operation,  either  because  of  its  own  losses  or  because  of  an 
impairment recognized by the investor, does not constitute a partial disposal. Accordingly, no part 
of  the  foreign  exchange  gain  or  loss  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income  is  reclassified  to 
profit or loss at the time of a write-down.  

(c)  Revenue Recognition 

The Corporation derives revenue from fees charged to customers for licenses for software products 
and professional services: support, consulting, development, training, and other services. Some of 
the Corporation's software arrangements include product sales and professional services.  

If,  for  any  of  the  Corporation's  product  or  service  offerings,  the  Corporation  determines  at  the 
outset of an arrangement that the amount of revenue cannot be measured reliably, the Corporation 
concludes that the inflow of economic benefits associated with the transaction is not probable and 
defers revenue until the arrangement fee becomes due and payable by the customer.  

33 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(c)  Revenue Recognition (cont'd) 

If,  at  the  outset  of  an  arrangement,  it  is  determined  that  collectability  is  not  probable,  the 
Corporation concludes that the inflow of economic benefits associated with the transaction is not 
probable,  and  recognition  of  revenue  is  deferred  until  the  earlier  of  when  collectability  becomes 
probable  or  payment  is  received.  If  collectability  becomes  unlikely  before  all  revenue  from  an 
arrangement is recognized, revenue is recognized only to the extent of the fees that are successfully 
collected  unless  collectability  becomes  reasonably  assured  again.  If  a  customer  is  specifically 
identified as a bad debtor, the Corporation stops recognizing revenue from this customer except to 
the extent of the fees that have already been collected.  

Software revenue represents fees earned from the sale or license of software to customers for use 
on the customer’s premises, in other words, where the customer has the right to take possession of 
the  software  for  installation  on  the  customer’s  premises  (on-premise  software).  Revenue  is 
recognized in line with the requirements for selling goods stated in IAS 18 (Revenue) when evidence 
of  an  arrangement  exists,  delivery  has  occurred,  the  risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  have  been 
transferred to the customer, the amount of revenue and associated costs can be measured reliably, 
and collection of the related receivable is reasonably assured. The fee of the sale is recognized net 
of  returns  and  allowances,  trade  discounts,  and  volume  rebates.  In  general,  the  Corporation's 
software license agreements do not include acceptance testing provisions. If an arrangement allows 
for customer acceptance testing of the software, revenue is deferred until the earlier of customer 
acceptance or when the acceptance right lapses. The Corporation may enter into customer-specific 
on-premise  software  development  agreements.  Software  revenue  in  connection  with  these 
arrangements  is  recognized  using  the  percentage  of  completion  method  based  on  contract  costs 
incurred  to  date  as  a  percentage  of  total  estimated  contract  costs  required  to  complete  the 
development work. If there is no sufficient basis to reasonably measure the progress of completion 
or to estimate the total contract revenue and costs, revenue is recognized only to the extent of the 
contract costs incurred for which recoverability is believed to be probable. When it becomes that 
total  contract  costs  exceed  total  contract  revenue  in  an  arrangement,  the  expected  losses  are 
recognized immediately as an expense based on the costs attributable to the contract.  

On-premise  software  may  combine  software  and  support  service  elements,  as  under  these 
contracts  the  customer  is  provided  with  current  software  products,  rights  to  receive  unspecified 
future software products, and rights to services during the on-premise software subscription term. 
Customers pay a periodic fee for a defined subscription term, and such fees are recognized ratably 
over the term of the arrangement beginning with the delivery of the first product. 

Support revenue represents fees earned from providing customers with unspecified future software 
updates,  upgrades,  and  enhancements,  and  technical  product  support  for  on-premise  software 
products.  Support  revenue  is  recognized  based  on  the  Corporation's  performance  under  the 
support arrangements. Under the major support services the Corporation's performance obligation 
is  to  stand  ready  to  provide  technical  product  support  and  to  provide  unspecified  updates  and 
enhancements on a when and if available basis. For these support  services  revenue  is recognized 
ratably  over  the  term  of  the  support  arrangement.  Consulting  and  other  service  revenue  is 
recognized when the services are performed.  

34 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(c)  Revenue Recognition (cont'd) 

Consulting  revenue  primarily  results  from  implementation  contracts  to  install  and  configure  our 
software  products  and  offerings.  Other  service  revenue  consists  of  fees  from  training  services. 
Training services provide educational services to customers and partners regarding the use of our 
software products. Training revenue is recognized when the services are rendered.  

Some arrangements contain multiple elements. Software, consulting and other service deliverables 
are  accounted  for  as  separate  units  of  accounting  and  allocate  revenue  based  on  fair  value.  Fair 
value is determined by establishing either corporation-specific objective evidence, or an estimated 
stand alone selling price. Revenue from multiple-element arrangements is allocated to the different 
elements  based  on  their  individual  fair  values.  The  revenue  amounts  allocated  to  the  individual 
elements are recognized when the revenue recognition criteria described above have been met for 
the respective element.  

The  Corporation  determines  the  fair  value  of  and  allocate  revenue  to  each  element  based  on  its 
corporation-specific objective evidence of fair value, which is the price charged when that element 
is sold separately or, for elements not yet sold separately, the price established by management if it 
is probable that the price will not change before the element is sold separately. 

Revenues from customers of Zaha Tech (Note 29) are recognized on a net basis, as the Corporation 
does not control the services provided by Zaha Tech to the end user. NTG invoices the customers of 
Zaha Tech, and retains a 10% administrative fee upon receipt of the funds from the customer. All 
liabilities of the contract lie with Zaha Tech and NTG holds no obligation for the performance of the 
contract. 

(d)  Taxes 

Current income tax 

Current  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  for  the  respective  and  prior  years  are  measured  at  the 
amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the Canadian taxation authorities. The tax rates 
and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, by 
the reporting date, in the country where the Corporation operates and generates taxable income. 

Current income tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is recognized in equity and not in 
the  statement  of  profit  and  loss  and  comprehensive  income.  Management  periodically  evaluates 
positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are 
subject  to  interpretation  and  establishes  provisions  where  appropriate  in  accordance  with  IAS  37 
Provisions, Contingent Liabilities, and Contingent Assets. 

Deferred tax 

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences at the reporting date 
between  the  tax  bases  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  their  carrying  amounts  for  financial  reporting 
purposes. 

35 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(d)  Taxes (cont'd) 

Deferred tax (cont’d) 

Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences, except: 

•  Where  the  deferred  tax  liability  arises  from  an  asset  or  liability  in  a  transaction  that  is  not  a 
business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit 
nor taxable profit or loss. 

• 

In respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in the subsidiary where 
the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that 
the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 

Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences, carry forward of unused 
tax  credits  and  unused  tax  losses,  to  the  extent  that  it  is  probable  that  taxable  profit  will  be 
available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax 
credits and unused tax losses can be utilized, except: 

•  Where  the  deferred tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises  from the 
initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, 
at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss. 

• 

In  respect  of  deductible  temporary  differences  associated  with  investments  in  the  subsidiary, 
deferred  tax  assets  are  recognized  only  to  the  extent  that  it  is  probable  that  the  temporary 
differences  will  reverse  in  the  foreseeable  future  and  taxable  profit  will  be  available  against 
which the temporary differences can be utilized. 

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the 
extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part 
of the deferred tax asset to be utilized.  

Unrecognized deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and are recognized to the 
extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be 
recovered. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the 
period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates and tax laws that have 
been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. 

Deferred tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss. 
Deferred  tax  items  are  recognized  in  correlation  to  the  underlying  transaction  either  in  other 
comprehensive income or directly in equity. 

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set 
off current tax assets against current income tax liabilities and the deferred tax relates to the same 
taxable entity and the same taxation authority.  

36 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(d)  Taxes (cont'd) 

Sales tax 

Revenues, expenses, liabilities and assets are recognized net of the amount of sales tax except: 

•  Where  the  sales  tax  incurred  on  a  purchase  of  assets  or  services  is  not  recoverable  from  the 
taxation authority, in which case the sales tax is recognized as part of the cost of acquisition of 
the asset or as part of the expense item as applicable. 

•  Receivables and payables that are stated with the amount of sales tax included. 

The net amount of sales tax recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority is included as 
part of receivables or payables in the statement of financial position. 

(e)  Government grants and assistance and investment tax credit 

Government  grants  and  assistance  are  recognized  where  there  is  reasonable  assurance  that  the 
grant  or assistance  will be received and all attached  conditions will be  complied with. When the 
grant or assistance relates to an expense item, it is recognized as income over the period necessary 
to  match  the  grant  or  assistance  on  a  systematic  basis  to  the  costs  that  it  is  intended  to 
compensate. Where the grant relates to an asset, it reduces the carrying amount of the asset. The 
grant is then recognized as income over the useful life of a depreciable asset by way of a reduced 
depreciation charge. When government assistance is received which relates to expenses of future 
periods, the amount is deferred and amortized to income as the related expenditures are incurred.  

(f)  Financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized when the Corporation becomes party to the 
contractual provisions of the financial instrument. 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transactions costs that 
are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial instruments classified as amortized 
costs or FVTOCI are included with the carrying amount of such instruments. Transaction costs that 
are  directly  attributable  to  the  acquisition  or  issue  of  the  financial  instruments  classified  as  fair 
value  through profit  and loss  (FVTPL) are  recognized immediately in the profit or loss within the 
consolidated statements of comprehensive income. 

(i) 

Financial assets 

The Corporation classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories: those to 
be  measured  at  amortized  cost  and  those  to  be  measured  subsequently  at  fair  value  (either 
through  other  comprehensive  income  (FVTOCI),  or  through  profit  or  loss  (FVTPL)).  The 
classification depends on the entity's business model for managing the financial assets and the 
contractual terms of cash flows. 

37 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

 (f)  Financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement (cont'd) 

(i) 

Financial assets (cont’d) 

Financial assets at amortized cost 

Financial  assets  that  meet  the  following  conditions  are  measured  at  amortized  cost  less 
impairment losses: the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold 
financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows; the contractual terms of the financial 
asset give rise on specific dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest 
on the principal amount outstanding; and the financial asset was not acquired principally for the 
purpose of selling in the near term or for short term profit making (held for trading). 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) 

All  other  financial  assets,  except  equity  and  debt  instruments  as  described  below,  are 
remeasured at fair value and classified as fair value through profit or loss. The gains or losses, if 
any, arising on remeasurement of FVTPL are recognized in profit or loss within the consolidated 
statements of comprehensive income. 

The method of measurement of instruments in debt instruments will depend on the business 
model in which the instrument is held. For instruments in equity instruments, it will depend on 
whether the Corporation has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to 
account for the equity instrument at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI). 
Financial assets with embedded derivatives are considered in their entirety when determining 
whether their cash flows are solely payment of principal and interest. 

(ii)  Financial liabilities 

Financial liabilities are classified as FVTPL when the financial liability is either held for trading or 
is  designated  at  FVTPL.  Financial  liabilities  at  FVTPL  are  remeasured  in  subsequent  reporting 
periods at fair value. Any gains or losses arising on remeasurement of held for trading financial 
liabilities are recognized in profit or loss within the consolidated statements of comprehensive 
income.  Such  gains  or  losses  recognized  in  profit  or  loss  includes  any  interest  paid  on  the 
financial  liabilities.  Financial  liabilities  that  are  not  held  for  trading  and  are  not  designated  as 
FVTPL are measured at amortized cost.  

The carrying amounts of financial liabilities that are measured at amortized cost are determined 
based  on  the  effective  interest  rate  method.  The  effective  interest  method  is  a  method  of 
calculating the amortized cost of a financial liability (or financial asset) and of allocating interest 
expense  (or  income)  over  the  expected  life  of  the  financial  liability  (or  financial  asset).  All 
financial assets and financial liabilities held by the Corporation are measured at amortized cost.  

38 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(f)  Financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement (cont'd) 

(ii)  Financial liabilities (cont’d) 

Impairment 

The Corporation assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with 
its assets carried at amortized cost and FVTOCI. The impairment methodology applied depends 
on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. For trade receivables only, the 
Corporation  applies  the  simplified  approach  permitted  by  IFRS  9,  which  requires  expected 
lifetime losses to be recognized from initial recognition of the receivables. 

The Corporation has applied IFRS 9 retrospectively, but has elected not to restate comparative 
information as there is no impact on the financial statements of the Corporation from adopting 
IFRS  9.  As  a  result,  the  comparative  information  provided  continues  to  be  accounted  for  in 
accordance  with  the  Corporation’s  previous  accounting  policy  which  reflects  the  same 
measurement of IFRS 9. 

The accounting policies were changed to comply with the full requirements of IFRS 9 as issued 
by the IASB. IFRS 9 replaces the provisions of IAS 39 that relate to the recognition, classification 
and  measurement  of  financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities;  derecognition  of  financial 
instruments;  impairment  of  financial  assets  and  hedge  accounting.  IFRS  9  also  significantly 
amends other standards dealing with financial instruments such as IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: 
Disclosures.  The  total  impact  on  retained  earnings  due  to  classification  and  measurement  of 
financial instruments as at January 1, 2016 and the date of these financial statements was Nil.  

(iii)  Offsetting of financial instruments 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the statement 
of  financial  position  if,  and  only  if,  there  is  a  currently  enforceable  legal  right  to  offset  the 
recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, or to realize the assets 
and settle the liabilities simultaneously. 

(g)  Compound instruments 

The  component  parts  of  compound  instruments  (e.g.,  debt  issued  with  warrants)  issued  by  the 
Corporation  are  classified  separately  as  financial  liabilities  and  equity  in  accordance  with  the 
substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity 
instrument.  At  the  date  of  issue,  the  fair  value  of  the  liability  component  is  estimated  using  the 
prevailing  market  interest  rate  for  similar  debt  without  warrants.  This  amount  is  recorded  as  a 
liability on the amortized cost basis using the effective interest method until extinguished or at the 
instrument’s maturity date.  

The  warrants  classified  as  equity  are  determined  by  deducting  the  amount  of  the  liability 
component  from  the  fair  value  of  the  instrument  as  a  whole.  This  is  recognized  and  included  in 
equity and is not subsequently remeasured.  

39 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(g)  Compound instruments (cont’d) 

Warrants classified as equity will remain in equity until the conversion option is exercised, in which 
case  the  balance  recognized  in  equity  will  be  transferred  to  common  shares within  equity.  When 
the  warrants  remain  unexercised  at  their  maturity  date,  the  balance  recognized  in  equity  will  be 
transferred  to  retained  earnings  or  deficit.  No  gain  or  loss  is  recognized  in  profit  or  loss  upon 
conversion or expiration of the warrants.  

Transaction costs that relate to the issue of the instruments are allocated to the liability and equity 
components in proportion to the allocation of the gross proceeds. Transaction costs relating to the 
equity  component  are  recognized  directly  in  equity.  Transaction  costs  relating  to  the  liability 
component are included in the carrying amount of the liability component and are amortized over 
the life of the debt using the effective interest method. 

(h)  Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting 

The  Corporation  has  not  entered  into  any  derivative  financial  instruments  and  has  not  applied 
hedge accounting for the years ending December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. 

(i)   Treasury shares 

Own equity instruments which are reacquired (treasury shares) are recognized at cost and deducted 
from  equity.  No  gain  or  loss  is  recognized  in  the  statement of  profit  and  loss and  comprehensive 
income on the  purchase,  sale, issue, or cancellation of the Corporation’s own equity instruments. 
Any difference between the carrying amount and the consideration is recognized in capital reserves. 

 (j)  Property and equipment 

Property  and  equipment  is  stated  at  cost,  net  of  accumulated  depreciation  and  accumulated 
impairment  losses  (if  any).  Such  cost  includes  the  cost  of  replacing  part  of  the  property  and 
equipment and borrowing costs for long term construction projects if the recognition criterion are 
met. When significant parts of property and equipment are required to be replaced in intervals, the 
Corporation  recognizes  such  parts  as  individual  assets  with  specific  useful  lives  and  depreciation, 
respectively.  

Likewise, when a major inspection is performed, its cost is recognized in the carrying amount of the 
property and equipment  as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repair 
and  maintenance  costs  are  recognized  in  the  statement  of  profit  and  loss  and  comprehensive 
income as incurred. The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of the asset, if 
any,  after  its  use  is  included  in  the  cost  of  the  respective  asset  if  the  recognition  criteria  for  a 
provision are met.  

40 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(j)  Property and equipment (cont’d) 

Depreciation  is  calculated  on  a  straight  line  basis  over  the  estimated  useful  life  of  the  asset  as 
follows: 

Computer software  
Computer equipment  
Office equipment  
Leasehold improvements  

Straight-line 1-2 years 
Straight-line 2-4 years 
Straight-line 4-10 years 
Straight-line over the lesser of the expected term of the 
lease or the useful life of the asset  

An  item  of  property  and  equipment  and  any  significant  part  initially  recognized  is  derecognized 
upon  disposal  or  when  no  future  economic  benefits  are  expected  from  its  use.  Any  gain  or  loss 
arising  on  derecognition  of  the  asset  (calculated  as  the  difference  between  the  net  disposal 
proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the statement of profit and loss and 
comprehensive income when the asset is derecognized. 

The assets’ residual values, useful lives, and methods of depreciation are reviewed at each financial 
year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate. 

 (k) Leases 

Finance leases, which transfer to the Corporation substantially all the risks and benefits incidental 
to ownership of the leased item, are capitalized at the commencement of the lease at the fair value 
of  the  leased  property  or,  if  lower,  at  the  present  value  of  the  minimum  lease  payments.  Lease 
payments  are  apportioned  between  finance  charges  and  reduction  of  the  lease  liability  so  as  to 
achieve  a  constant  rate  of  interest  on  the  remaining  balance  of  the  liability.  Finance  charges  are 
recognized in the statement of profit and loss and comprehensive income.  

Leased assets are depreciated over the useful life of the asset. However, if there is no reasonable 
certainty  that  the  Corporation  will  obtain  ownership  by  the  end  of  the  lease  term,  the  asset  is 
depreciated over the shorter  of the estimated useful life of the  asset and the lease term. For the 
years December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Corporation did not hold any finance leases. 

Operating  lease  payments  are  recognized  as  an  expense  in  the  statement  of  profit  and  loss  and 
comprehensive income on a straight line basis over the lease term.  

(l)  Borrowing costs 

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction, or production of an asset that 
necessarily takes a substantial year of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized 
as part of the cost of the respective assets. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the year they 
occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that the Corporation incurs in connection 
with the borrowing of funds. For the years ending December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the 
Corporation did not capitalize any borrowing cost. 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

 (m) Intangible assets 

Intangible  assets  acquired  separately  are  measured  on  initial  recognition  at  cost.  Following  initial 
recognition,  intangible  assets  are  carried  at  cost  less  any  accumulated  amortization  and  any 
accumulated  impairment  losses.  Certain  internally  generated  intangible  assets  are  capitalized,  as 
they meet the criterion under IAS 38. 

 (n) Inventories 

Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and  net realizable value. Net realizable value is the 
estimated  selling  price  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  less  the estimated  costs  of  completion 
and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. 

(o)  Product development costs 

Research and product development costs include out of pocket cost and direct overhead. Research 
costs  are  expensed  as  incurred.  Product  development  costs  are  expensed as  incurred  unless  they 
meet the IAS 38 criterion for deferral and amortization. 

Development  activities  involve  a  plan  or  design  for  the  production  of  a  new  core  of  substantially 
improved  products  and  processes.  Development  expenditure  is  capitalized  only  if  development 
costs  can  be  measured  reliably,  the  product  or  process  is  technically  and  commercially  feasible, 
future economic benefits are probable, and the Corporation intends to and has sufficient resources 
to complete development and to use or sell the asset. The expenditure capitalized includes the cost 
of materials, direct labour and overhead costs that are directly attributable to preparing the asset 
for its intended use. All other development expenditure is recognized in statement of profit and loss 
and comprehensive income as incurred.  

Capitalized  development  costs  (intangible  asset)  with  finite  useful  lives  are  amortized  over  their 
estimated useful lives. The amortization methods and estimated useful lives of intangible assets are 
reviewed annually. Intangible assets are tested for impairment as required by IAS 38 and IAS 36 if 
there are indicators of impairment. If any such indication exists, the asset’s recoverable amount is 
estimated. An impairment loss is recognized whenever the carrying amount of the intangible assets 
or the cash-generating unit exceeds their recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognized in 
the statements of comprehensive income. Amortization is provided on a straight line basis over 10 
years. 

(p)  Impairment of non-financial assets 

The Corporation assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset or cash 
generating unit (CGU) may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing 
for an asset is required, the Corporation estimates the asset’s (CGU) recoverable amount. An asset’s 
(CGU) recoverable amount is the higher of its fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use.  

Where  the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  exceeds  its  recoverable  amount,  the  asset  is  considered 
impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.  

42 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(p)  Impairment of non-financial assets (cont'd)  

In  assessing  value  in  use,  the  estimated  future  cash  flows  are  discounted  to  their  present  value 
using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money 
and the risks specific to the asset or cash-generating unit (CGU). In determining fair value less costs 
of  disposal,  an  appropriate  valuation  model  is  used.  The  Corporation  has  cashgenerating  units 
which  impairment  could  be  tested  against.  The  Corporation  had  no  goodwill  or  indefinite  life 
intangible assets for the years ending December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. 

Impairment losses of continuing operations are recognized in the statement of profit and loss and 
comprehensive income in those expense categories consistent with the function and nature of the 
impaired asset. 

For non-financial assets, an assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any 
indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. 
If  such  indication  exists,  the  Corporation  estimates  the  non-financial  asset’s  or  cash-generating 
unit’s recoverable amount.  

A  previously  recognized  impairment  loss  is  reversed  only  if  there  has  been  a  change  in  the 
assumptions  used  to  determine  the  non-financial  asset’s  recoverable  amount  since  the  last 
impairment loss was recognized. 

The  reversal  is  limited  so  that  the  carrying  amount  of  the  non-financial  asset  does  not  exceed  its 
recoverable  amount,  nor  exceed  the  carrying  amount  that  would  have  been  determined,  net  of 
depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognized for the non-financial asset in prior periods. 
Such reversal is recognized in the statement of profit and loss and comprehensive income.  

(q)  Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash  and  cash  equivalents  in  the  statement  of  financial  position  comprise  cash  at  banks  and  on 
hand  and  short  term  deposits  with  an  original  maturity  of three  months  or  less.  The  Corporation 
uses the indirect method of reporting cash flow from operating activities. 

(r)  Provisions 

Provisions are recognized when the Corporation has a present obligation, legal or constructive, as a 
result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will 
be  required  to  settle  the  obligation,  and  a  reliable  estimate  can  be  made  of  the  amount  of  the 
obligation. Where the Corporation expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed, for example 
under  an insurance  contract,  the  reimbursement is recognized as a separate asset but  only when 
the reimbursement is virtually certain.  

The  expense  relating  to  any  provision  is  presented  in  the  statement  of  profit  and  loss  and 
comprehensive  income  net  of  any  reimbursement.  If  the  effect  of  the  time  value  of  money  is 
material, provisions are discounted using a current pre tax rate that reflects, where appropriate, the 
risks  specific  to  the  liability.  Where  discounting  is  used,  the  increase  in  the  provision  due  to  the 
passage of time is recognized as a finance cost. 

43 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(r)  Provisions (cont’d) 

A  provision  for  warranties  is  recognized  when  the  underlying  products  or  services  are  sold.  The 
provision  is  based  on  the  expected  warranty  data  and  an  expected  weighting  of  all  possible 
outcome against their associated probabilities.  

A  provision  for  restructuring  is  recognized  when  the  Corporation  has  approved  a  detailed  and 
formal  restructuring  plan,  and  the  restructuring  either  has  commenced  or  has  been  announced 
publicly. No provision is made for future operating losses. 

A  provision  for onerous  contracts  is  recognized  when  the  expected  benefits  to  be  derived  by the 
Corporation from a contract are lower than the unavoidable cost of meeting its obligation under the 
contract.  The  provision  is  measured  at  the  present  value  of  the  lower  of  the  expected  cost  of 
terminating the contract and the expected cost net cost of continuing with the contract. 

Before  a  provision  is  established,  the  Corporation  recognizes  any  impairment  loss  on  the  asset 
associated with the contract. 

 (s)  Basic and diluted earnings per share 

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the income for the year by the weighted average 
number  of  common  shares  outstanding  during  the  year.  The  Corporation  uses  the  treasury  stock 
method  for  calculating  the  dilutive  effect  of  the  outstanding  stock  options  and  other  dilutive 
securities.  Under  the  treasury  stock  method,  the  weighted  average  number  of  common  shares 
outstanding used for the calculation of diluted income per share assumes that the proceeds to be 
received  on  the  exercise  of  dilutive  share  options  are  used  to  repurchase  common  shares  at  the 
average market price during the year.  

(t)  Share-based compensation 

The Corporation has a share-based compensation plan. The Corporation accounts for  share-based 
compensation  options  granted  to  employees  and  consultants  using  the  fair  value  method.  Under 
this method, compensation expense for share-based compensation granted is measured at the fair 
value at the grant date, using the Black Scholes option valuation model. In accordance with the fair 
value method, the Corporation recognizes estimated compensation expense related to share-based 
compensation over the vesting period of the options granted, with the related credit being charged 
to capital reserves. Consideration paid by employees on the exercise of share-based compensation 
is recorded as capital stock  and the related  share-based  compensation is transferred from capital 
reserves to capital stock.  

5. 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS, ESTIMATES, AND ASSUMPTIONS 

The  preparation  of  the  Corporation’s  consolidated  financial  statements  requires  management  to 
make  judgments,  estimates,  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues, 
expenses, assets, and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting 
years.  However,  uncertainty  about  these  assumptions  and  estimates  could  result  in  outcomes  that 
require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of the asset or liability affected in future years. 

44 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

5.   SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS, ESTIMATES, AND ASSUMPTIONS (cont’d) 

In the process of applying the Corporation’s accounting policies, management has made the following 
judgments,  which  has  the  most  significant  effect  on  the  amounts  recognized  in  the  consolidated 
financial statements. 

Revenues 

The Corporation derives revenue from fees charged to customers for licenses for software products 
and for professional services (support, consulting, development, training, etc.). Some of the software 
arrangements  may  contain  multiple  elements  (product  sales  and  professional  services).  The 
Corporation  accounts  for  software,  consulting  and  other  service  deliverables  as  separate  units  of 
accounting and allocate revenue based on their individual fair values. The revenue amounts allocated 
to the  individual elements are recognized when the revenue recognition criteria have  been met  for 
the respective element. When services are essential to the functionality of the software, the software 
does not have standalone value and is combined with the essential services as a single element. 

Unbilled revenues 

Unbilled  revenue  is  revenue  which  had  been  earned  and  therefore  recognized  in  compliance  with 
IFRS, but which has not been billed to the client(s) due to contract terms and/or billing cycle. Revenue 
can  be  recognized  for  projects  based  on  time  and  materials,  for  professional  services  or  on  a 
percentage of completion basis for product implementation and support. Both can result in unbilled 
revenue until the customer is invoiced.  

Impairment of non-financial assets 

Impairment exists when the carrying value of a non-financial asset or cash-generating unit exceeds its 
recoverable  amount,  which  is  the  higher  of  its  fair  value  less  costs  to  sell  and  its  value  in  use.  The 
value in use calculation is based on a discounted cash flow model.  

The cash flows are derived from the Corporation’s budget and do not include restructuring activities, 
if any, that the Corporation is not yet committed to or significant future investments that will enhance 
the  non-financial  asset’s  performance  of  the  cash-generating  unit  being  tested.  The  recoverable 
amount is most sensitive to the discount rate used for the discounted cash flow model as well as the 
expected  future  cash  inflows  and  the  growth  rate  used  for  extrapolation  purposes.  The  key 
assumptions used to determine the recoverable amount for the different cash-generating units may 
include a sensitivity analysis. 

Taxes 

Uncertainties exist with respect to the interpretation of complex tax regulations and the amount and 
timing of future taxable income. Given the range of business relationships and the long term nature of 
existing contractual agreements, differences arising between the actual results and the assumptions 
made,  or  future  changes  to  such  assumptions,  could  necessitate  future  adjustments  to  tax  income 
and  expense  already  recorded.  The  Corporation  may  establish  provisions,  based  on  reasonable 
estimates, for possible consequences of audits by the tax authorities.  

45 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

5.   SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS, ESTIMATES, AND ASSUMPTIONS (cont’d) 

Taxes (cont’d) 

The amount of such provisions is based on various factors, such as experience of previous tax audits 
and differing interpretations of tax regulations by the taxable entity and the responsible tax authority. 
Deferred tax  assets, if any, are recognized for all unused tax  losses to the extent  that it is probable 
that taxable profit will be available against which the losses can be utilized. Significant management 
judgment is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets  to be recognized, based upon 
the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits together with future tax planning strategies. 

Share-based compensation 

The  Corporation  has  a  share-based  compensation  plan.  The  Corporation  accounts  for  share-based 
compensation options granted to employees and consultants using the fair value method determined 
using  the  Black  Scholes  option  valuation  model.  The  estimated  compensation  expense  related  to 
share-based  compensation  is  recognized  over  the  vesting  period  of  the  options  granted,  with  the 
related credit being charged to contributed surplus. Consideration paid by employees on the exercise 
of share-based compensation is recorded as capital stock and the related share-based compensation 
is transferred from capital reserves to capital stock.  

Fair value of financial instruments 

Where the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the statement of financial 
position  cannot  be  derived  from  active  markets,  they  are  determined  using  valuation  techniques 
including  the  discounted  cash  flows  model.  The  inputs  to  these  models  are  taken  from  observable 
markets  where  possible,  but  where  this  is  not  feasible,  a  degree  of  judgment  is  required  in 
establishing  fair  values.  The  judgments  include  considerations of  inputs  such  as  liquidity  risk,  credit 
risk, and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of 
financial instruments.  

Useful life of an intangible asset 

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their expected useful life 
once the asset is available for use. Many factors are considered in determining the useful life of an 
intangible  asset,  including  technical,  technological,  commercial  or  other  types  of  obsolescence  and 
typical product life cycles for the asset. Changes to the expected useful life of an asset is accounted 
for prospectively.  

Treatment of development costs 

Costs  to  develop  products  are  capitalized  to  the  extent  that  the  criteria  are  met  for  recognition  as 
intangible assets in accordance with IAS 38. Such criteria require that the product is technically and 
economically feasible, the Company has the intention and ability to use the asset, and that the asset 
will  generate  future  benefits  to  the  Company.  Management  assessed  the  capitalization  of 
development  costs  based  on  the  attributes  of  each  development  project,  perceived  user  needs, 
industry  trends  and  expected  future  economic  conditions.  Management  considers  these  factors  in 
aggregate  and  applies  significant  judgment  to  determine  whether  the  product  is  technically  and 
economically feasible.  

46 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

6. 

STANDARDS ISSUED BUT NOT YET EFFECTIVE 

As at April 28, 2021, the date of authorization of these financial statements, certain new standards, 
amendments,  and  interpretations  to  existing  IFRS  standards  have  been  published  but  are  not  yet 
effective and have not been adopted by the Corporation.  

All other standards were early adopted as explained in the prior year's financial statements. 

7.  OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION 

For management purposes, the Corporation is organized into two operating segments.  

The  Corporation's  chief  decision  makers;  the  Chief  Executive  Officer,  the  President  and  the  Chief 
Financial Officer, tracks the Corporation's operations by country. 

These country segments represent the Corporation’s reportable operating segments, which are used 
to manage the business. The Corporation analyses the performance of its operating segments based 
on expenditures and revenue growth. 

Statement of profit and loss for the year ending December 31, 2020 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 

Gross margin 

Expenses 
Depreciation / Amortization 
Gain on sale of licenses to Zaha Tech 
Other income 
Accretion 
Exchange gain (loss) arising on translation  
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year 

NTG Canada 

5,812,568  $  
3,978,860 

NTG Egypt 
2,094,422 
1,694,496 

$ 

Consolidated 
Total 
7,906,989 
5,673,356 

1,833,708  $ 

399,926  $ 

2,233,633 

$ 

$ 

(3,492,640) 
(22,968) 
– 
34,970 
(3,470) 
– 

$ 

(1,650,400)  $ 

(515,029) 
(18,114) 
99,428 
51,736 
– 
533,836 
551,783  $ 

(4,007,669) 
(41,082) 
99,428 
86,706 
(3,470) 
533,836 
(1,098,617) 

Statement of profit and loss for the year ending December 31, 2019 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 

Gross margin 

NTG Canada 

5,797,047  $  
3,956,218 

NTG Egypt 
2,829,382 
2,417,245 

$ 

Consolidated 
Total 
8,626,429 
6,373,463 

1,840,829  $ 

412,137  $ 

2,252,966 

$ 

$ 

Expenses 
Depreciation / Amortization 
Foreign taxes  
Exchange gain (loss) arising on translation  
Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year 

(8,863,183) 
(1,042,292) 
– 
– 

$ 

(8,064,646)  $ 

(1,138,106) 
(21,365) 
245 
(372,374) 
(1,119,463)  $ 

(10,001,289) 
(1,063,657) 
245 
(372,374) 
(9,184,109) 

All of the Corporation’s assets are located in Canada and the Middle East. 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

7.   OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION (cont’d) 

Long term asset additions for the year ended December 31, 2020 

Asset additions for the year ending December 31, 
2020 

Property and equipment (Note 14) 
Intangible assets (Note 15) 

NTG Canada 

NTG Egypt 

Consolidated 
Total 

$ 

$ 

2,423  $ 

860,636 

863,059  $ 

17,254  $ 
– 

17,254  $ 

19,677 
860,636 

880,313 

Long term asset additions for the year ended December 31, 2019 

Asset additions for the year ending December 31, 
2020 

Property and equipment 
Intangible assets 

NTG Canada 

NTG Egypt 

Consolidated 
Total 

$ 

$ 

961  $ 
– 
961  $ 

10,477  $ 
– 
10,477  $ 

11,438 
– 
11,438 

Long term assets for the year ended December 31, 2020 

Assets as at December 31, 2020 

Property and equipment 
Intangible assets 

NTG Canada 

NTG Egypt 

Consolidated 
Total 

$ 

$ 

52,311  $ 
860,636 

105,446  $ 

– 

157,757 
860,636 

912,947  $ 

105,446  $ 

1,018,393 

Long term assets for the year ended December 31, 2019 

Assets as at December 31, 2020 

Property and equipment 

Intangible assets 

NTG Canada 

NTG Egypt 

Consolidated 
Total 

$ 

$ 

75,278  $ 

103,884  $ 

179,162 

– 

– 

– 

75,278  $ 

103,884  $ 

179,162 

The  Corporation  determines  the  geographic  location  of  revenues  based  on  the  location  of  its 
customers. 

Sales by geographic location for the year ending December 31, 

North America 

Saudi Arabia 

Egypt 

Oman 

Kuwait 

48 

2020 

94,260  $ 

2019 

99,833 

4,833,090 

 4,162,964 

2,094,422  $ 

2,829,382 

854,765  $ 

30,452  $ 

812,618 

721,632 

7,906,989  $ 

8,626,429 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

7.   OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION (cont’d) 

In  the  past,  the  majority  of  the  Corporation's  revenue  was  derived  from  the  telecommunication 
industry.  In  2020,  the  Corporation  has  been  working  within  the  IT  field  in  the  banking  industry.  In 
2020, approximately 29% (2019: 14%) of the Corporation's revenue was derived from one customer. 

Receivables by segment for the year ending December 31, 

Canada 

Egypt 

2020 

1,109,826 

772,127 

1,881,952 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2019 

1,417,464 

929,360 

2,346,824 

$ 

$ 

$ 

As  at  December  31,  2020,  approximately  25%  (2019:  13%)  of  the  Corporation’s  trade  accounts 
receivable balance was from one customer. 

Payables by segment for the year ending December 31, 

2020 

2019 

Canada 

Egypt 

Bank indebtedness by segment for the year ending December 31, 

Canada 

Egypt 

8. 

INCOME TAXES 

$ 

$ 

6,768,529 

$ 

6,252,065 

358,430 

255,854 

7,126,959 

$ 

6,507,919 

2020 

– 

569,734 

$ 

569,734  $ 

2019 

– 

– 

– 

The following is a reconciliation of the taxable losses for the years ended as indicated. 

NTG Clarity Networks Inc. 

As at December 31, 

 2020 

 2019 

 Loss before income taxes 

$ 

(1,650,403) 

$ 

(8,064,646) 

 Income tax (recovery) at the combined Canadian federal 
and provincial tax rate of 26.5% 

(437,356) 

(2,137,131) 

Non-deductible share-based payments 

Depreciation/amortization of PPE and intangibles 

Non-deductible meals & entertainment expenses 

Income tax (recovery) not probable to be utilized 

Income tax (recovery) recognized on the statement of 
comprehensive income 

1,245 

10,887 

14,322 

410,902 

28,231 

1,042,292 

159,473 

907,135 

$ 

 – 

$ 

 – 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

8.  

INCOME TAXES (cont’d) 

NTG Egypt Advanced Software 

As at December 31, 

 2020 

 2019 

Income (loss) before income taxes 

$   

17,947 

$   

(1,119,463) 

Income tax (recovery) at the combined Egyptian federal 
and provincial tax rate of 22.5% 

Income tax (recovery) not probable to be utilized 

Income tax (recovery) recognized on the statement of 
comprehensive income 

4,038 

(4,038) 

(251,879) 

168,095 

$  

             – 

$  

 (83,784) 

The Corporation also has the following unrecognized deferred income tax assets for the years ended 
as indicated. However, they were  not  recognized on the statements of financial position  because  it 
was not probably that they would be utilized: 

As at December 31, 

Deferred tax asset in relation to: 

 Property and equipment 

 Non-capital loss carry-forwards 

Deferred tax assets not recognized 

Less: Valuation allowance 

Deferred tax asset recognized 

 2020 

 2019 

$ 

161,708 

$ 

 19,949 

4,716,990 

4,878,698 

4,878,698 

4,271,126 

4,291,075 

4,291,075 

$ 

36,34 – 

$ 

36,34 – 

The  Corporation  has  available  income  tax  losses  in  the  amounts  of  $17,799,962  for  the  Canadian 
federal  and  provincial  tax  purposes  which  may  be  carried  forward  to  reduce  future  years'  taxable 
income which expire as follows: 

2037 
2039 
2040 

9. 

EARNINGS PER SHARE 

$ 

$ 

9,282,808 
6,834,650 
1,682,504 
17,799,962 

Basic earnings per share amounts are calculated by dividing net income for the year attributable to 
ordinary  equity  holders  of  the  parent  by  the  weighted  average  number  of  common  shares 
outstanding during the year. 

Diluted earnings per share amounts are calculated by dividing the net income attributable to ordinary 
equity holders of the parent by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during 
the  year  plus  the  weighted  average  number  of  common  shares,  if  any,  that  would  be  issued  on 
conversion of all the dilutive potential effects.  

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

9.   EARNINGS PER SHARE (cont’d) 

The  outstanding  number  and  type  of  securities  that  could  potentially  dilute  basic  net  income  per 
share in the future but that were not included in the computation of diluted net income per shares 
because to do so would have reduced the earnings per share (anti dilutive) for the year presented are 
as noted below. The following outstanding instruments could have a dilutive effect in the future:  

As at December 31, 2020 

Options – Share-based payments (Note 19(b)) 

3,412,000 

Note a: Of which 3,262,000 had vested as of December 31, 2020. 

The  following  reflects  the  earnings  and  unit  data  used  in  the  basic  and  diluted  earnings  per  share 
computations: 

December 31, 

Net earnings (loss) attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent for 
basic earnings 

Net earnings (loss) attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent 
adjusted for the effect of dilution 

2020 

2019 

$(1,098,617) 

$(9,184,109) 

$(1,098,617) 

$(9,184,109) 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

Weighted  average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  for  basic  earnings 
per share (Note 19) 

100,102,355 

56,102,355 

Weighted average number with the effect of dilution on common shares 

103,534,355 

59,588,956 

Income per share (basic)  

Income per share (diluted)  

$(0.01) 

$(0.01) 

$(0.16) 

$(0.15) 

10.  CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise of cash at banks and on hand in the amount of $145,224 as at 
December 31, 2020 (2019: $31,068). 

11.  TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

December 31,  

Trade receivables 

 Less: Impaired 

Trade receivables after impairment 

Unbilled revenue  

 Less: Impaired 

Unbilled revenue after impairment 

$ 

2020 

1,460,810 

(15,162) 

1,445,648 

315,171 

– 

315,171 

$ 

2019 

1,816,814 

(15,141) 

1,801,673 

447,682 

– 

447,682 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

December 31,  

2020 

2019 

Total trade receivables and unbilled revenue 
after impairment 

Receivables from tax authorities  

HST and foreign sales tax receivable (payable) 

Other receivables 

Total trade and other receivables 

$ 

1,760,819 

228,253 

(233,120) 

126,000 

1,881,952 

2,249,355 

171,354 

(82,335) 

8,450 

$ 

2,346,824 

Trade  receivables  are non-interest bearing and are generally on 30-180 day terms. The Corporation 
had a provision for bad debt in the amount of $339,602 (2019: $2,129,681). The amount relating to 
impairment  of  trade  receivables  is  $339,602  (2019:  $1,322,485)  and  the  amount  relating  to  the 
impairment of unbilled revenues is $Nil (2019: $807,196).  

Neither past due nor impaired  

2020 

Current 

31 – 60 days 

61 – 90 days 

91 – 180 days 

Past due but not impaired 
Greater than 180 days 

$ 

1,057,153 

$ 

135,759 

88,593 

60,655 

118,650 

2019 

437,741 

803,890 

103,966 

379,379 

91,838 

Unbilled revenue consists of service revenue that has already been rendered as at December 31, 2020 
and recognized in accordance with the Corporation's revenue recognition policy from Note 3. 

$ 

1,460,810 

$ 

1,816,814 

12.  PREPAID EXPENSES AND DEPOSITS 

December 31,  

Prepaid rent 

Prepaid insurance 

Other prepaids  

13.  BID/PERFORMANCE BONDS 

2020 

63,593 

3,861 

47 

67,501 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2019 

58,398 

58,704 

8,307 

$ 

125,409 

At  December  31,  2020,  of  the  $60,233  in  bid/performance  bonds  (2019:  $85,675),  $36,270  (2019: 
$36,134)  was  for  one  bid  bond  and  two  performance  bonds  in  Saudi  Arabia  (KSA),  to  guarantee 
delivery  against  work  on  various  projects;  and  $23,962  (2019:  $49,541)  was  for  various  bonds  in 
Egypt.  Performance  bonds  typically  remain  in  place  for  a  period  of  one  year  from  the  start  of  the 
project  and  are  released  back  to  the  Corporation  when  the  project  is  completed  subsequent  to 
customer acceptance. Bid bonds are typically in place for a 90-120 day period but can be extended.  

On December 31, 2019, NTG’s advance payment guarantee and performance bond supported by EDC 
expired, however the customer had until January 31, 2020 to renew or call the bonds. The customer’s 
request to renew the performance bond was refused by the Bank. As no renewal was forthcoming, 
the bond was called. It was 100% insured by EDC, so the cost was not born by the Corporation.  

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

13.   BID/PERFORMANCE BONDS (cont’d) 

The bonds are non-interest bearing. Premiums for these bonds for the year ended December 31, 2020 
were $831 (2019: $3,161). Going forward, the Corporation does not currently have an EDC bonding 
facility. 

Performance Bond - Opening Balance January 1, 

 Saudi Arabia 
 Egypt 

Opening Balance - January 1, 

Additions during the year: 
 Saudi Arabia 
 Egypt 
Total additions during the year 
Refunded during the year: 
 Saudi Arabia 
 Egypt 
Total refunded during the year 

Performance Bond - Ending Balance December 31, 
 Saudi Arabia 
 Egypt 

Ending Balance – December 31, 

14.  PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT 

2020 

36,134 
49,541 

85,675 

36,270 
23,962 
60,233 

(36,134) 
(49,541) 
(85,675) 

36,270 
23,962 

60,233 

2019 

42,991 
68,545 

111,536 

36,134 
49,541 
85,675 

(42,991) 
(68,545) 
(111,536) 

36,134 
49,541 

85,675 

$ 

$ 

$ 

The amount of borrowing costs capitalized during the year ending Dec. 31, 2020 was $Nil (2019: $Nil). 

Cost: 
At January 1, 2019 
Additions 

At December 31, 2019 

Additions 
Disposals 

Furniture and 
Equipment 

Computer 
Equipment 

Computer 
Software  

$575,421 
961 

$576,382 

2,423 
– 

$806,554 
10,477 

$817,031 

17,254 
– 

$400,996 
– 

$400,996 

– 
– 

Total 

$1,782,971 
11,438 

$1,794,409 

19,677 
– 

At December 31, 2020 

$578,805 

$834,285 

$400,996 

$1,814,086 

Accumulated depreciation and impairment: 
At January 1, 2019 
Depreciation for the year 

At December 31, 2019 

Depreciation for the year 
Impairment 
Disposals 

At December 31, 2020 

Net book value: 
At December 31, 2020 
At December 31, 2019 

$434,631 
19,357 

$453,988 

16,561 
– 
– 

$770,051 
34,899 

$804,950 

24,500 
– 
– 

$356,309 
– 

$356,309 

$1,560,991 
54,256 

$1,615,247 

21 
– 
– 

41,082 
– 
– 

$470,587 

$829,150 

$356,330 

$1,656,067 

108,256 
122,394 

$4,835 
$12,081 

$44,666 
$44,687 

$157,757 
$179,162 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

15. 

INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

Intangible assets related to the upgrade of the internally developed NTS software product and to the 
new  software  product  (Stage  EM)  in  2016  and  the  Smart2Go  platform  capitalized  in  2020. 
Expenditures  on  development  of  the  software  are  recognized  as  an  asset  from  the  time  the 
Corporation has determined an indefinite future economic benefit exists. 

NTS is a retail management software for telecommunication companies. The development costs are 
determined  to  have  a  useful  life  of  10  years  are  amortized  on  a  straight  line  basis.  The  amount 
capitalized  as  at  December  31,  2020  is  $Nil  (2019:  $Nil)  in  development  costs.  During  the  year,  an 
amortization  expense  of  $Nil  (2019:  $364,418)  was  recognized.  During  2019,  the  Corporation 
determined that the asset was impaired and an impairment loss of $644,985 was recognized (2018: 
$Nil).  The  Corporation  had  indicators  of  impairment  of  the  NTS  development  costs  for  the  period 
ended December 31, 2019. An impairment test was performed on the non-current assets at year end 
and the net book value of the development costs was fully impaired. 

StageEM  is  a  goal  focused  integrated  software  solution  that  improves  organizational  efficiency  by 
integrating  strategic  planning,  business  planning,  demand  and  capacity  management,  operation 
optimizations, portfolio project management and analytics. The development costs are determined to 
have a useful life of 10 years are amortized on a straight line basis. During 2020, $Nil was capitalized 
(2019: $Nil), and $Nil was amortized (2019: $Nil).  

An impairment test was performed on the non-current assets at year end and the net book value of 
the development costs was fully impaired in 2018. 

Smart2Go will expedite and facilitate the digital transformation journey for enterprises in all business 
verticals. It enables enterprises to automate their processes and create applications without need for 
development.  Smart2Go  offers  the  future  of  rapid  application  development  with  different  output 
format. It is a powerful development tool without the need for knowledge of development languages. 
Smart2Go is built on NTG's proven workflow technology and provides both a portal and mobile apps 
for  its  users.  NTG  will  provide  its  Smart2Go  platform  and  its  associated  marketplace  of  the 
applications developed on it, on the cloud, software-as-a-service or on premise for its large enterprise 
customers.  

The  platform  allows  users  to  graphically  build  new  screens,  define  and  apply  business  rules,  and 
create required workflow. In addition, one of the most powerful features of Smart2Go is the ease of 
integration with other systems such as ERPs, CRMs, financial systems, engineering systems etc. With a 
mouse  click,  supporting  various  popular  integration  protocols  such  as  SOAP,  REST  and  others.  The 
development costs are determined to have a useful life of 10 years are amortized on a straight line 
basis. During 2020, $860,636 was capitalized (2019: $Nil), $Nil was amortized (2019: $Nil). 

54 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

Smart2Go 
Development Costs 

NTS Development 
Costs 

Total 

$                       – 

$ 

3,644,168 

$ 

3,644,168 

15.   INTANGIBLE ASSETS (cont’d) 

Cost: 
At January 1, 2019 

Additions 
Disposals 

At December 31, 2019 

$ 

Additions 
Disposals 

– 
– 

– 

860,636 
– 

– 
– 

– 
– 

$ 

3,644,168 

$ 

3,644,168 

– 
– 

860,636 
– 

At December 31, 2020 

$           860,636 

$ 

3,644,168 

$ 

4,504,804 

Accumulated amortization and impairment: 
At January 1, 2019 
Amortization charge for the year 

Impairment 
Disposals 

At December 31, 2019 

Amortization charge for the year 
Impairment 
Disposals 

At December 31, 2020 

Net book value: 
At December 31, 2020 
At December 31, 2019 

$                       – 

$ 

– 
– 

2,634,767 
364,417 
644,985 

– 

$ 

2,634,767 
364,417 
644,985 

– 

$                       – 

$ 

3,644,168 

$ 

3,644,168 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

$ 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

$ 

3,644,168 

$ 

3,644,168 

$,009,40 860,636 
$           1,009,40 – 

$ 
$ 

1,009,40 – 
1,009,40 – 

$,009,40 860,636 
$          1,009,40 – 

16.  ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES 

December 31,  

Trade payables 
Accrued liabilities  
Related parties payable  
Taxes payable  
Other accounts payable 

2020 

3,724,219 
276,361 
148,127 
60,617 
2,917,635 

7,126,959 

$ 

$ 

2019 

3,458,701 
85,949 
446,003 
50,457 
2,466,809 

6,507,919 

$ 

$ 

Terms and conditions of the above financial liabilities: 

•  Trade payables are non-interest bearing 
•  Accrued liabilities are non-interest bearing 
• 

 Related parties payables are non-interest bearing and have no specified terms of repayment. 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

17.  OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES 

(a) Other financial liabilities 

Indebtedness 

December 31, 

Long-term debt (i) 

CEBA loan (Note 18) 

2020 

2019 

$  7,189,285 

$ 7,100,712 

$       28,499 

$                – 

$  7,217,784 

$ 7,100,712 

(i)  On  September  16, 2019,  the  Corporation  received  a  formal  demand  for  payment  of  its  Bank 
facilities, requesting payment in full within ten (10) days. After significant negotiations, the Bank 
assigned the Bank Indebtedness and the Security to 2729252 Ontario Inc., a company, controlled 
by Ashraf Zaghloul, NTG CEO and Kristine Lewis, NTG President. 

Effective December 16, 2019, all the rights, title and interest of the Bank in the Indebtedness and 
the Security together the full benefit of all powers and all covenants and provisions contained in 
the  Security  were  assigned  to  the  above  company.  The  Indebtedness  remains  secured  by  a 
General Security Agreement over the assets of the Corporation and has an interest rate of bank 
prime  plus  2.05%.  There  are  no  specific  repayment  terms.  The  Corporation  recognized  interest 
expense of $49,822.56, which is included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities. 

Bank indebtedness 

December 31, 

Bank indebtedness 

2020 

2019 

$   569,734 

$                 – 

As of December 31, 2020, NTG Egypt Advanced Software had an overdraft facility with QNB bank 
in Egypt in the amount of 7,027,683 Egyptian pounds (approximately $569,734) with an interest 
rate of 18%. 

Performance bonds 

As  of  December  31,  2019,  the  Corporation  had  one  advance  payment  guarantee,  and  one 
performance bond issued in the amount of approximately $151,672. The bonds were financed by 
a Canadian financial institution and supported and insured by EDC, with a renew or expire date of 
January 31, 2020. In January 2020, the customer’s request to renew the one performance bond 
was refused by the Bank. As no renewal was forthcoming, the performance bond was called. The 
bond is insured by EDC, so no significant cost were born by the Corporation. Premiums for these 
bonds for the year ended December 31, 2019 were $3,161 (2018: $12,042). 

The Corporation does not currently have a bonding facility. 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

17.   OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES (cont’d) 

(b)  Fair values 

Set out below is a comparison by class of the carrying amount and fair value of the Corporation's 
financial instruments that are carried in the financial statements. 

Carrying Amount 

December 31, 
2020 

December 
31, 2019 

Fair Value 

December 31, 
2020 

December 
31, 2019 

Financial assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Trade and accounts receivable 

Bid/performance bonds 

$  145,224 

1,881,952 

60,233 

$  31,068 

2,346,824 

85,675 

$  145,224 

1,881,952 

60,233 

$  31,068 

2,346,824 

85,675 

Total Financial Assets  

$2,087,409 

$2,463,567 

$2,087,409 

$2,463,567 

Financial liabilities 

Accounts payable and accrued 
liabilities 

Bank indebtedness 

Due to related parties 

Long-term debt 

Carrying Amount 

Fair Value 

December 31, 
2020 

December 
31, 2019 

December 31, 
2020 

December 31, 
2019 

$7,126,959 

$6,507,919 

$7,126,959 

$6,507,919 

569,734 

– 

 7,217,784 

– 

566,699 

7,100,712 

569,734 

– 

 7,217,784 

– 

566,699 

7,100,712 

Total Financial Liabilities 

$14,914,477 

$14,175,330 

$14,914,477 

$14,175,330 

The fair value of the financial assets and financial liabilities are included at the amount at which 
the instrument could be exchanged in an orderly transaction between market participants in an 
arm's length transaction at the measurement date.  

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values:  

• 

• 

Trade  and  other  accounts  receivables,  accounts  payable  and  accrued  liabilities,  other  current 
liabilities approximate their carrying amounts largely due to the short term maturities of these 
instruments. 

Fair values of quoted instruments are based on price quotations at the reporting date. The fair 
value  of  unquoted  instruments  and  other  financial liabilities  (loans  payable)  are  estimated  by 
discounting  future  cash  flows  using  rates  currently  available  for  debt  on  similar  terms,  credit 
risk, and remaining maturities. 

Fair value hierarchy 

As at December 31, 2020, the Corporation held cash measured at fair value.  

The  Corporation  uses  the  following  hierarchy  for  determining  and  disclosing  the  fair  value  of 
financial instruments by valuation technique: 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

17.   OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES (cont’d) 

(b)  Fair value hierarchy (cont’d) 

• 

• 

• 

Level 1: quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. 

Level 2: other  techniques for which all inputs  which have  a significant  effect on the recorded 
fair value are observable, either directly or indirectly. 

Level 3: techniques which use inputs which have a significant effect on the recorded fair value 
that are not based on observable market data. 

Assets measured at fair value 

December 31, 2020 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Cash and cash equivalents 

No liabilities were measured at fair 
value 

$ 145,224 

$ 145,224 

$ – 

$ – 

$ – 

$ – 

$ – 

$ – 

During the reporting year ending December 31, 2020, there were no transfers between Level 1 and 
Level 2 fair value measurements, and no transfers into and out of Level 3 fair value measurements. 

18.  GOVERNMENT GRANT 

The  Corporation  has  received  CAD$60,000  for  the  Canadian  Emergency  Business  Account  (CEBA) 
loan. The  loan amount  is interest-free and CAD$20,000 is forgivable  if the CAD$40,000  amount  is 
paid by December 31, 2022, after which the full amount is subject to a 5% annual interest rate and 
due on December 31, 2025. Initial recognition of the CAD$60,000 was at its fair value at a discount 
rate of 19.99%, representing the Corporation’s estimated unsecured credit risk.  

The Corporation recognized CAD$28,500 as debt and CAD$31,500 was recognized as a government 
grant income for the year ended December 31, 2020.  

19.  EQUITY INSTRUMENTS 

(a) Common shares 

As  at  December  31,  2020,  the  authorized  share  capital  consists  of  an  unlimited  number  of  first 
preferred  shares,  second  preferred  shares  and  common  shares.  To  date,  no  first  or  second 
preferred shares have been issued.  

Before any shares of a particular preferred share series are issued the directors of the Corporation, 
by resolution shall fix the dividend rates, whether the dividends are cumulative and the redemption 
price of the redeemable shares.  

Changes in the issued common shares of the Corporation are as follows: 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

19. EQUITY INSTRUMENTS (cont’d) 

(a) Common shares (cont’d) 

Balance, January 1, 2019 

Shares issued on exercise of share options (i) 

Allocation of contributed surplus (i) 

Shares issued on debt for shares transaction (ii) 

Balance, December 31, 2019 

Shares issued on exercise of share options  

Allocation of contributed surplus  

Shares issued on debt for shares transaction (iii) 

Balance, December 31, 2020 

Common Shares 

Amount 

48,662,355 

$ 

9,752,186 

240,000 

– 

7,200,000 

56,102,355 

– 

– 

24,000 

12,000 

360,000 

$ 

10,148,186 

– 

– 

44,000,000 

100,102,355 

660,000 

$ 

10,808,186 

(i)  In 2019, a total of 240,000 options were exercised, with a total value of $24,000. This resulted 

in a re-allocation of contributed surplus to capital stock in the amount of $12,000. 

(ii)  In 2019, the Corporation offered employees and consultants the opportunity to participate in 
debt  for  shares  private  placement.  Subsequent  to  TSX  approval,  on  February  28,  2019,  the 
Corporation closed the offering and issued 7,200,000 common shares at $0.05 per share for a 
total value $360,000. 5,160,000 of these shares were issued to directors of the Corporation. 

(iii) In 2020, the Corporation offered employees and  consultants the opportunity to participate in 
debt  for  shares  private  placement.  Subsequent  to  TSX  approval,  on  May  6,  2020,  the 
Corporation closed the offering and issued 44,000,000 common shares at $0.015 per share for a 
total value $660,000. 18,600,000 of these shares were issued to directors of the Corporation. 

(b) Share-based payments 

The  Corporation  has  a  formal  stock  option  plan  allowing  the  Corporation  to  issue  options  to  its 
directors,  officers,  employees  and  consultants  in  order  to  attract  and  retain  qualified  and 
experienced  individuals.  The  Board of Directors  determines  the exercise  price  and  the  number of 
options to be granted as well as all the terms of conditions of the options. All options granted by the 
Corporation are nonassignable. The options generally expire three to five years subsequent to the 
date of grant and vest over two years. 

No options were granted to non-employees during 2020 and 2019.  

Details of stock options are as follows: 

Balance, 1 January 2019 

Granted 

Exercised 

Expired 

Options 
3,570,000 

1,670,000 

(240,000) 

(1,363,000) 

Weighted average 
exercise price 
$ 0.10 

$ 0.10 

0.10 

0.10 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

Balance, December 31, 2019 

Granted 

Exercised 

Expired 

Balance, December 31, 2020 

Options 
3,637,000 

500,000 

– 

(725,000) 

3,412,000 

Weighted average 
exercise price 
$ 0.10 

$ 0.05 

0.00 

0.10 

$ 0.10 

The stock options expire at various dates between January 2021 and December 2025. The weighted 
average expected contractual lives of outstanding and exercisable options are as follows:  

Options Outstanding 

Options Exercisable 

Exercise 
Price 
$ 0.05 

$ 0.10 

Total 

Number of 
outstanding  
Dec 31/19 
500,000 

2,912,000 

3,412,000 

Expected life of 
option (years)  
4.89 

1.02 

2.96 

Number of 
outstanding  
Dec 31/19 
350,000 

2,912,000 

3,262,000 

Expected life of 
option (years) 
4.88 

1.02 

2.95 

Activity related to share-based compensation is as follows: 

For  the  year  ending  December  31,  2020  the  Corporation  recorded  $4,699  (2019:  $28,231)  as 
contributed surplus and compensation expense, which is measured at fair value at the date of grant 
and is expensed over the option’s vesting year. The weighted average fair value of options granted 
during the year 2020 is $0.01 (2019: $0.01).  

In determining the amount  of  share-based  compensation, the  Corporation used the Black-Scholes 
option  pricing  model  to  establish  the  fair  value  of  options  granted  by  applying  the  following 
assumptions: 

Stock price 

Risk-free interest rate 

Expected life (years) 

Expected dividend yield 

Expected volatility 

 2020 

$0.03 

2019 

$0.01 

0.09 – 0.15% 

1.45 – 1.66% 

5 years 

0% 

3 years 

0% 

0.0 – 109.4% 

0.0 – 135.35% 

Fair value of options issued in fiscal year 

0.01 

0.01 

On  October  8,  2019,  the  Investment  Industry  Regulatory  Organization  of  Canada  (IIROC)  halted 
trading for the Corporation citing the reason as "Pending Company Contract." On February 3, 2020 
trading resumed after the required TSX review. 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

20.  CONTRIBUTED SURPLUS 

Contributed  surplus  for  the  year  ending  consisted  of  $4,699  (2019:  $28,231)  for  share-based 
payments and re-allocation of contributed surplus on exercise of share options $Nil (2019: $12,000). 

Opening balance January 1, 2020 

Share-based payments 

Reallocation on exercise of share options 

Balance as at December 31, 2020 

$  1,804,824 

4,699 

– 

$  1,809,523 

21.  DIVIDENDS PAID AND PROPOSED 

Cash dividends 

The Corporation’s practice is to not make dividend payments to shareholders. 

22.  COST OF SALES 

The details of the Corporation’s cost of sales are as follows: 

Cost of sales 

Salaries 

Travel 

Hardware 

Other 

Total 

2020 

2019 

$  5,223,849 

$  5,492,507 

123,344 

240,393 

85,770 

323,345 

168,752 

388,859 

$  5,673,356 

$  6,373,463 

23.  EXPENSES: DISCLOSURE OF FUNCTION EXPENSES 

The details of the Corporation’s function expenses are as follows: 

Selling 

Salary and wages 

Marketing  

Mailing and courier 

Professional services 

Meals and entertainment 

Miscellaneous 

Total 

2020 

2019 

$  670,145 

$  1,621,273 

186,217 

5,534 

39,485 

 54,046 

– 

316,816 

5,787 

45,104 

318,947 

8,906 

$ 

955,428 

$  2,316,833 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

23. EXPENSES: DISCLOSURE OF FUNCTION EXPENSES (cont’d) 
2020 

General and Administrative 

2019 

Salary and wages 

Occupancy 

Consulting 

Professional fees 

Bid/performance bond fees 

Insurance 

Dues and subscriptions 

Penalties and fees 

Office and General 

Total 

24.  LOANS PAYABLE 

$  1,364,997 

$  3,046,491 

222,847 

99,800 

120,645 

831 

242,299 

25,690 

37,245 

238,735 

282,678 

104,708 

119,689 

3,161 

426,653 

23,228 

31,264 

25,560 

$  2,353,089 

$  4,063,432 

During the year, the Corporation had a non-secured loan agreement in the amount of $58,400 at an 
interest rate of 2.74% that was payable by February 25, 2021. Subsequent to year end, in Q1 2021, the 
full amount plus interest was repaid. 

During the year, the Corporation entered into an agreement for funding of a project in the amount of 
$266,667. The agreement states that the lender will be paid 37% for one-sixth of the profit from the 
project. This transaction does not qualify as a joint arrangement or a principal-agent relationship. The 
amount  is non-secured, and is payable by August  31, 2021. The Corporation accrued interest in the 
amount of $40,000. 

The Corporation entered had a loan agreement in the amount of $100,000 at an interest rate of 11%. 
The amount is non-secured, and had no specific terms of repayment. The Corporation accrued interest 
of $11,000. Subsequent to year end, in Q1 2021, the full amount plus interest was repaid. 

25.  RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES 

The  financial  statements  include  the  financial  statements  of  the  Corporation  and  the  subsidiaries 
listed in the following table: 

Name 

Country of Incorporation  

Equity Interest 

NTG Egypt Advanced Software (Subsidiary) 

NTG Clarity Networks US Inc. (Subsidiary) 

Egypt 

USA 

95% 

100% 

a)  The  following  tables  provide  the  balances  owing  to  key  management  and  key  management 

compensation for the years: 

Interest Received 

Amounts Owed by 
Related Parties 

Amounts Owed to 
Related Parties 

Loans from/to shareholders 

December 31, 2020                                 

– 

December 31, 2019 (Refer to Note (e) below)                                    – 

$ 

$ 

– 

– 

$ 

$ 

– 

831,717 

62 

 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

25. RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES (cont’d) 

Interest Received 

Amounts Owed by 
Related Parties 

Amounts Owed to 
Related Parties 

Loans from/to shareholders 

December 31, 2020                                 

– 

December 31, 2019 (Refer to Note (e) below)                                    – 

Key management personnel of the Corporation: 

– 

– 

December 31, 2020 (i) 

December 31, 2019 

Key management compensation 

Short term employee benefits 
Share-based payments 
Total 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

– 

– 

– 

– 

2020 

117,560 
– 
117,560 

$ 

$ 

– 

831,717 

$  1,581,349 

$  1,256,417 

2019 

$ 

$ 

748,100 
2,000 
750,100 

(i)  No salaries were accrued or paid to management in Q2-Q4 2020. Management is owed a total of 
$1,581,349  for  unpaid  salaries,  expenses,  benefits  and  compensation,  outstanding  since  2016. 
These amounts are part of Other Accounts Payable in Note 16. 

b)  The Ultimate Parent 

The Corporation is the ultimate parent entity. 

Related Party Transactions 

Certain inter-company transactions between the Corporation and its subsidiaries, which are related 
parties to the Corporation, have been eliminated. 

Related parties include key management, the Board of Directors, close family members and entities 
which are controlled by these individuals as well as certain persons performing similar functions. 

c)  During the year ended December 31, 2020 the directors and key  management were awarded share 
options under the Corporation’s incentive stock option plan with a fair value of $1,000 (2019: $1,650). 

On November 29, 2019, the Corporation entered into an Assignment of Debt and Security agreement 
with Royal Bank of Canada and 2729252 Ontario Inc. The debt amount of $7,100,712 was assigned to 
2729252  Ontario  Inc.,  which  is  a  private  company  owned  by  two  directors  of  the  Corporation.  See 
Note 17 (a) for more information. All terms remain the same as with the Bank. The Indebtedness held 
by the Company is secured by a General Security Agreement over the assets of the Corporation. As of 
December 31, 2020, the loan amount is $7,189,285 (2019: $7,100,712). 

d)  Entity with significant influence over the Corporation 

No single entity or party has significant influence over the Corporation. As at December 31, 2020 the 
Corporation has 100,102,355 common shares outstanding.  

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

25. RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES (cont’d) 

Related parties (direct and indirect) holdings are as follows: 

Ashraf Zaghloul, CEO 
Kristine Lewis, CFO 
Mohamed Adel Zaghloul 
Mohammed Saleem Siddiqi 
Nick Hamilton-Piercy 

18,048,729 
15,526,749 
9,690,000 
150,000 
310,714 

Terms and conditions of transactions with related parties 

The  Corporation's  credit  facilities  were  with  RBC  Royal  Bank  until  December  23,  2019,  when  it  was 
transferred to a Company, controlled by two directors of the Corporation. The Bank assigned to the 
company, the Indebtedness and the Security, and all the rights, title and interest together with the full 
benefit of all powers and all covenants and provisions contained in the Security. The Indebtedness is 
secured by a General Security Agreement over the assets of the Corporation. See Note 17 (a) for more 
information. 

There  have  been  no  guarantees  provided  or  received  for  any  related  party  receivables  or  payables, 
other  than  the  Indebtedness  described  above.  All  other  transactions  with  the  related  parties  are 
carried out in the normal course of operations, and are recorded at fair value. 

e)  In  November  2019,  NTG  Egypt  Advanced  Software, a  subsidiary of the  Corporation,  received  a  non-
interest  bearing  and  unsecured  loan  from  a  Director  of  the  Corporation.  The  loan  amount  was 
7,000,000  Egyptian  Pounds,  translated  to  $566,699,  bears  interest  at  18%,  and  is  repayable  on 
demand. This loan has been converted into a line of credit with QNB Bank in Egypt under the same 
terms and conditions. See Note 17 “Bank Indebtedness” for details. 

26.  FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES 

The  Corporation’s  primary  risk  management  objective  is  to  protect  the  Corporation’s  balance  sheet 
and cash flow. 

The Corporation’s principal financial liabilities comprise of bank overdraft, long term debt and trade 
and  other  payables.  The  main  purpose  of  these  financial  liabilities  is  to  raise  finances  for  the 
Corporation’s operations.  

The  Corporation  is  exposed  to  market  risk,  interest  rate  risk,  foreign  exchange  risk,  credit  risk,  and 
liquidity risk. 

The  Corporation’s  senior  management  oversees  the  management  of  these  risks.  The  Corporation’s 
senior management is supported by a Committee that advises on financial risks and the appropriate 
financial risk governance framework for the Corporation.  

The  Committee  provides  assurance  to  the  Corporation’s  senior  management  that  the  Corporation’s 
financial risk taking activities are governed by appropriate policies and procedures and that financial 
risks are identified, measured, and managed in accordance with the Corporation’s policies and group 
risk appetite.  

64 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

26.   FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (cont’d) 

All derivative activities, if any, for risk management purposes are carried out by a team that has the 
appropriate  skills,  experience,  and  supervision.  It  is  the  Corporation’s  policy  that  no  trading  in 
derivatives for speculative purposes shall be undertaken. The Board of Directors reviews and agrees 
policies for managing each of these risks which are summarized below. 

Market risk 

Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate 
because of changes in market prices. Market prices comprise several types of risk: interest rate risk, 
currency risk, commodity price risk, and other price risk, such as equity risk. 

Interest rate risk 

The  Corporation’s  exposure  to  interest  rate  fluctuations  is  primarily  interest  paid  on  its  bank 
indebtedness  and  long-term  loans.  The  Corporation  has  performed  sensitivity  analysis  on  interest 
rates at December 31, 2020 to determine how a change in interest rates would impact equity and net 
loss. During the year, the Corporation paid $268,957 (2019: $946,881) on its loans and liabilities. An 
increase or decrease of 100 basis points in the average interest rate paid during the period would have 
adjusted net earnings by approximately $26,896 (2019: $94,688). This analysis assumes that all other 
variables remain constant.  

Foreign currency risk 

Foreign  currency  risk  is  the  risk  that  the  fair  value  or  future  cash  flows  of  a  financial  instrument  will 
fluctuate  because  of  changes  in  foreign  exchange  rates.  The  Corporation’s  exposure  to  the  risk  of 
changes  in  foreign  exchange  rates  relates  primarily  to  the  Corporation’s  operating  activities,  when 
revenue or expense are denominated in a different currency from the Corporation’s functional currency. 
The parent entity’s functional currency is the Canadian dollar. 

The Corporation does not hedge the risk related to fluctuations of the exchange rate between USA and 
Canadian  dollars  from  the  date  of  the  sales  transactions  to  the  collection  date  due  to  the  short  term 
nature of this exposure.  

Foreign  currency  risk  is  the  risk  that  the  fair  value  or  future  cash  flows  of  a  financial  instrument  will 
fluctuate  because  of  changes  in  foreign  exchange  rates.  The  Corporation's  exposure  to  the  risk  of 
changes  in  foreign  exchange  rates  relates  primarily  to  the  Corporation's  operating  activities,  when 
revenue  or  expenses  are  denominated  in  a  different  currency  from  the  Corporation's  functional 
currency. The parent entity's functional currency is the Canadian dollar. A 10% change in exchange rates 
on December 31, 2020 would have the following approximate impacts: 

10% impact to: 

P&L in CAD 

Equity in CAD 

U.S. 
Dollar 
USD 

79,287 

58,276 

Omani 
Riyal 
OMR 

7,938 

5,834 

Kuwait 
Dinar 
KWD 

43,299 

Saudi 
Riyal 
SAR 

60,018 

31,825 

44,113 

Qatari 
Riyal 
QAR 

11 

8 

Egyptian 
Pound 
LE 

25,459 

18,712 

65 

 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

26.   FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (cont’d) 

Foreign currency risk (cont’d) 

A 10% change in exchange rates on December 31, 2019 would have the following approximate impacts: 

U.S. 
Dollar 
USD 

50,385 

37,033 

Omani 
Riyal 
OMR 

701 

515 

Kuwait 
Dinar 
KWD 

25,734 

18,915 

Saudi 
Riyal 
SAR 

11,925 

8,765 

Qatari 
Riyal 
QAR 

316 

233 

Egyptian 
Pound 
LE 

54,175 

39,819 

10% impact to: 

P&L in CAD 

Equity in CAD 

Commodity price risk 

The Corporation is not subject to price risk from fluctuations in market prices of commodities.  

Equity price risk 

The Corporation has no exposure to equity price risk. 

Credit risk 

Credit risk is the risk of an unexpected loss if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails 
to meet its contractual obligation. The Corporation’s financial instruments that are exposed to credit risk 
consist  primarily  of  trade  receivable.  The  Corporation’s  exposure  to  credit  risk  is  impacted  by  the 
economic  conditions  for  the  industry  which  could  affect  the  customers'  ability  to  satisfy  their 
obligations.  In  order  to  reduce  risks,  the  Corporation  performs  periodic  credit  evaluations  of  the 
financial conditions of its customers and typically does not require collateral from them.  

Management assesses the need for allowance for potential credit losses by considering the credit risk of 
specific  customers,  historical  trends  and  other  information.  In  2019,  the  Corporation  also  mitigated 
credit  risk  through  credit  insurance  coverage  with  Export  Development  Canada  and  Euler  Hermes 
Canada as explained in Note 26. 

The aging of trade accounts receivable are as follows: 

Neither past due nor impaired  

2020 

Current 

31 – 60 days 

61 – 90 days 

91 – 180 days 

Past due but not impaired 

Greater than 180 days 

$ 

1,057,153 

$ 

135,759 

88,593 

60,655 

118,650 

2019 

437,741 

803,890 

103,966 

379,379 

91,838 

$ 

1,460,810 

$ 

1,816,814 

The  credit  quality  of  all  the  accounts  receivable  of  the  Corporation  that  are  neither  past  due  nor 
impaired and the age of accounts receivable that are past due but not impaired have been assessed 
on an individual basis and determined to have a mitigated risk profile. As at December 31, 2020, the 
Corporation had no insured receivables or insured unbilled revenue (2019: $Nil). 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

26.   FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (cont’d) 

Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Corporation will not be able to meet  its financial obligations as they 
fall due. The Corporation’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will 
always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under normal and stressed conditions. 
The Corporation manages liquidity risk by reviewing its capital requirements on an ongoing basis. The 
Corporation  continuously  reviews  both  actual  and  forecasted  cash  flows  to  ensure  that  the 
Corporation has appropriate capital capacity.  

The  following  table  summarizes  the  amount  of  contractual  undiscounted  future  cash  flow 
requirements for financial instruments as at December 31, 2020: 

Contractual obligations 

2021 

2022 

2023 

2024 and after 

Total 

Operating line of credit 

$ 

569,734 

$ 

Accounts payable and 
accrued liabilities 

Operating lease 

Long-term debt 

Loans payable 

7,126,959 

184,455 

 7,217,784 

659,547 

–  $ 

– 

$ 

– 

– 

– 

– 

$ 

569,734 

7,126,959 

105,878 

5,371 

3,000 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

298,704 

 7,217,784 

659,547 

The Corporation accrues expenses when incurred. Accounts are deemed payable once an event occurs 
that requires payment by a specific date. The contractual maturity of accounts payable is within one 
month.  

The aging of trade accounts payable are as follows: 

December 31, 

Current 
31 – 60 days 
61 – 90 days 
91 – 180 days 
More than 180 days 

Capital management 

2020 

   800,211 
109,175 
30,732 
98,235 
2,685,866 

3,724,219 

$   

$ 

2019 

   419,918 
103,642 
131,302 
583,163 
2,220,676 

3,458,701 

$  

$ 

The Corporation manages its capital, which consists of cash provided from operations and long term 
debt, with the primary objective being safeguarding sufficient working capital to sustain operations. 
The Board of Directors has not established capital benchmarks or other targets. As at December 31, 
2020,  the  Corporation  was  pursuing  additional  capital  through  the  issuance  of  additional  equity  or 
debt financing. There can be no guarantee that they will be successful in raising additional capital. 

There  have  been no changes  in the Corporation’s approach to capital management during the year 
ending  December  31,  2020.  Also,  no  changes  were  made  in  the  objectives,  policies,  or  processes 
during the year ending December 31, 2020. The Corporation will continually assess the adequacy of 
its  capital  structure  and  capacity  and  make  adjustments  within  the  context  of  the  Corporation’s 
strategy,  economic  conditions,  and  the  risk  characteristics  of  the  business.  The  Corporation’s 
objectives when managing capital are to: 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

26.   FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (cont’d) 

Capital management (cont’d) 
 (i) 

safeguard  the  Corporation's  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern,  so  that  it  can  provide 
adequate returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders; 
fund capital projects for facilitation of business expansion provided there is sufficient liquidly of 
capital to enable the internal financing; and 

(ii) 

(iii)  maintain a capital base to maintain investor, creditor, and market confidence. 

The  Corporation  considers  the  items  included  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  changes  in 
shareholders' equity as capital. The Corporation manages the capital structure and makes adjustments 
to it in the light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. 
In  order  to  maintain  or  adjust  the  capital  structure,  the  Corporation  may  issue  new  shares.  The 
Corporation is not subject to externally imposed capital requirements. 

27.  COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES, AND GUARANTEES 

Export Development Canada 

The  Corporation  had  an  agreement  with  EDC  whereby  EDC  agreed  to  provide  ninety  percent  (90%) 
insurance  coverage  (Accounts  Receivable  Insurance  “ARI”)  for  the  Corporation's  invoiced  sales  and 
75% of pre-shipment costs. The EDC ARI policy was cancelled as of November 1, 2018, however the 
pre-shipping  insurance  continued  at  the  Bank’s  request,  until  the  Indebtedness  and  Security  was 
assigned to a 2729252 Ontario Inc. (effective December 16, 2019). 

At  December  31,  2019,  the  insurance  claim  submitted  to  EDC  in  the  amount  of  US$184,556  for  an 
overdue  accounts  receivable  with  one  of  the  Corporation’s  customers  was  ongoing.  Subsequent  to 
year  end,  in  January  2020,  EDC  approved  payment  of  the  claim,  less  a  C$150,000  deductible.  In 
February 2020, a payment of $60,911.53 USD was made to RBC Royal Bank. 

Euler Hermes Canada 

The Corporation had a Credit Insurance agreement with Euler Hermes whereby they agreed to provide 
ninety  percent  (90%)  insurance  coverage  for  the  Corporation's  invoiced  sales  and  work  in  progress. 
Coverage was based on customers approved by Euler Hermes. The policy period was from November 
1, 2018 to October 31, 2019. The Corporation did not renew this insurance due to cash flow. 

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019,  the  Corporation  recorded  total  premiums  of  $704  and 
$141,646 in prepaid and general and administration expenses. 

Operating lease commitments – Corporation as lessee 

The Corporation is committed under agreements for the rental of office space in Canada at a monthly 
rate of $9,232 for the period from June 1, 2016 to May 31, 2021.  

On April 6, 2020, the Corporation signed a Forbearance Agreement with its Canadian landlord where 
the Corporation agreed to pay $5,200 per month and defer the balance of the rent. The Corporation 
will use its best efforts to pay additional amounts against the accruing balance. 

68 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

27.   COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES, AND GUARANTEES (cont’d) 

Operating lease commitments – Corporation as lessee (cont’d) 

The Corporation is committed under agreements for the rental of office spaces in Egypt and Oman at 
a monthly rate ranging from $1,960 to $3,117 for the periods from October 20, 2018 to January 14, 
2023. 

The lease commitments for the office premises are as follows: 

December 31, 2020 

2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 and thereafter 

Legal claim contingency 

  $ 

  $ 

184,455 
105,878 
5,371 
3,000 

298,704 

The Corporation is subject to a variety of claims and suits that arise from time to time in the ordinary 
course  of  business.  Although  management  currently  believes  that  resolving  claims  against  the 
Corporation, individually or in aggregate, will not have a material adverse impact on the Corporation’s 
financial  position,  results  of  operations,  and  cash  flows.  These  matters  are  subject  to  inherent 
uncertainties and management's view of these matters may change in the future. To date, there are 
no claims or suits outstanding.  

Guarantees 

The Corporation indemnifies its directors and officers against claims reasonably incurred and resulting 
from  the  performance  of  their  services  to  the  Corporation,  and  maintains  liability  insurance  for  its 
directors and officers. In March 2020, the Corporation was unable to renew its Directors and Officers 
insurance. 

28.  COLLATERAL 

The Corporation has pledged its assets under a General Security Agreement ("GSA") as disclosed in Note 
17. The Corporation did not hold collateral at December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019. 

29.  SALE OF ENTERPRISE LICENSES 

On May 1, 2020, NTG signed an Agreement for licensing a copy of Product IP Rights and Support with an 
Egyptian  company,  owned  by  a  former  Director  of  the  Corporation.  This  Board-approved  agreement 
allows this Egyptian company to purchase NTG Egypt’s Enterprise business including a copy of the non-
exclusive  rights  for  the  IP  of  two  software  products  (Utility  Billing  and  HMIS)  for  1.2  million  Egyptian 
pounds. The Enterprise revenue is approximately 3-4 million Egyptian pounds per year. The divesting of 
these  non-core  older  technology  legacy  products  allows  NTG  management  to  focus  on  core  products 
and services going forward.  

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2020 and 2019 

29.   SALE OF ENTERPRISE LICENSES (cont’d) 

Upon  execution  of  the  agreement,  both  the  Corporation  and  the  company  would  own  a  copy  of  the 
software listed (NTS UBS and HMIS), and both Parties would own the Copyright and Intellectual Property 
of their software  copy. Either  Party is free without  any limitations whatsoever, to license their source 
code and the right to reproduce work, create derivative works, distribute and sell copies of the software 
worldwide without the consent of the other Party. Each Party could sell their interest, in whole or in part 
of  their  owned  software  to  a  3rd  Party  without  the  consent  of  the  other  Party.  The  carrying  value  of 
these intangible assets was zero, thus, the full proceeds of EGP 1,200,000 (approximately $99,428) has 
been  fully  recognized  as  other  income  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  profit  and  loss  and 
comprehensive income 

. 

Upon signing of the Agreement, Zaha Tech will be the sole and exclusive provider of all support to all 
current customers for a period of 30 months. NTG invoices the customers and retains a 10% fee upon 
collection of the  dues  from these customers,  and recognizes revenue on a Net  basis. During the year, 
the corporation recognized net revenue of $72,485 under these contracts. 

30.  COMPARATIVE FIGURES 

Certain of the 2019 figures have been reclassified to conform with the current year's financial statement 
presentation. 

70 

 
 
Corporate Information 

Board of Directors 
Ashraf Zaghloul 
Kristine Lewis 
Mohamed Saleem Siddiqi 
Syed Zeeshan Hasnain 

Officers 
Ashraf Zaghloul 
Chair & Chief Executive Officer 

Kristine Lewis 
President & Chief Financial Officer 

Registrar and Transfer Agent 
Computershare Investor Services 
100 University Ave., 8th Floor, North Tower 
 Toronto, Ontario M5J 2Y1  
Telephone: 1-800-564-6253 
Fax: 1-888-453-0330 

Auditors 
NVS Chartered Accountants Professional Corporation 
100 Allstate Parkway, Suite 303 
Markham ON L3R 6H3 
Telephone: (905) 415-2511 
Fax: (905) 415-2011 

Legal Counsel 
Borden Ladner Gervais 
Centennial Place, East Tower 
1900, 520 - 3rd Avenue S.W. 
Calgary, Alberta T2P 0R3 
Telephone: (403) 232-9500 
Fax: (403) 266-1395 

International Work 

Stock Exchange Listing 
The TSX Venture Exchange 
Trading Symbol: NCI 

Investor Relations 
klewis@ntgclarity.com 

Corporate Office 
NTG Clarity Networks Inc. 
2820 Fourteenth Avenue, Suite 202 
Markham, Ontario 
Canada L3R 0S9 
Telephone: (905) 305 1325  

Toll-free (North America):  
 (800) 838-7894 
Fax: (800) 838-7895 
E-mail: info-ntg@ntgclarity.com 
www.ntgclarity.com 

71