Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Apparel - Manufacturers / Navigant Consulting Inc. / FY2021 Annual Report

Navigant Consulting Inc.
Annual Report 2021

NCI · TSX-V Consumer Cyclical
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Ticker NCI
Exchange TSX-V
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Apparel - Manufacturers
Employees 51-200
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FY2021 Annual Report · Navigant Consulting Inc.
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www.ntgclarity.com 

NTG Clarity Networks Inc. 
Simplifying Business Solutions 

www.ntgapps.com 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our Vision 

To be the leading provider of high-quality systems and solutions  
while creating an environment of success  
for our customers, employees and shareholders. 

OSS/BSS
NTS 

Telecom 
Services

Smart2Go 

NTG Core 
Competencies

E-solutions

Consulting & 
Outsourcing 

IoT

NTGapps

Mobile 
Applications

Our Value Proposition 

NTG Clarity partners with groups who design, build, manage, and support networks and network software 
applications. 

We are the experts in applying technology, methodology, process, and people to provide quality and on 
time network services; on your premises or ours. We help you, our customer, to increase revenue, improve 
customer satisfaction, and focus on your bottom line. 

“We are your software and network services partner!” 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents 
Letter to our Shareholders..........................................................................................................................5 
Management’s Discussion & Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations ............................6 
Forward-Looking Statements ................................................................................................................ 6 
Business Overview ................................................................................................................................ 6 
Summary of Major NTG Events in 2021 ..................................................................................................................7 
Outlook....................................................................................................................................................................9 
Summary of Quarterly Results ............................................................................................................... 9 
Quarterly and Annual Results of Operations ........................................................................................ 10 
Revenue.................................................................................................................................................................10 
Cost of Sales and Gross Margin .............................................................................................................................11 
Operating Expenses...............................................................................................................................................11 
Other Expenses .....................................................................................................................................................13 
Total Comprehensive Income after Taxes (Net Income) .......................................................................................14 
Assets and non-current liabilities......................................................................................................... 14 
Property and equipment .......................................................................................................................................14 
Intangible assets ....................................................................................................................................................14 
Non-current liabilities............................................................................................................................................15 
Liquidity and Capital Resources ........................................................................................................... 15 
Cash Flow Provided by Operations .......................................................................................................................15 
Cash Flow from Financing Activities ......................................................................................................................15 
Cash Flow from Investing Activities.......................................................................................................................16 
Commitments and Contractual Obligations ......................................................................................... 16 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements ........................................................................................................ 16 
Transactions with Related Parties ........................................................................................................ 16 
Basis of Preparation and Significant Accounting Policies ...................................................................... 17 
Proposed Transactions ........................................................................................................................ 17 
Business Risk and Management .......................................................................................................... 17 
Market risk ............................................................................................................................................................17 
Interest rate risk ....................................................................................................................................................18 
Credit risk ..............................................................................................................................................................18 
Foreign currency risk .............................................................................................................................................18 
Liquidity risk ..........................................................................................................................................................19 
Capital Management .............................................................................................................................................20 
Legal claim contingency ........................................................................................................................................20 
Guarantees ............................................................................................................................................................20 
Collateral ...............................................................................................................................................................20 
Disclosure Controls and Procedures and Internal Controls over Financial Reporting ............................ 20 
Standards issued but not yet effective ................................................................................................. 21 
Management’s Statement of Responsibility ..............................................................................................21 
Independent Auditor’s Report ..................................................................................................................22 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position..........................................................................................25 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity .........................................................................................26 
Consolidated Statements of Profit and Loss and Comprehensive Income ..................................................27 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows....................................................................................................28 
CORPORATE INFORMATION .................................................................................................... 29 
GOING CONCERN .................................................................................................................... 29 
BASIS OF PRESENTATION ........................................................................................................ 29 
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES ............................................................... 30 
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS, ESTIMATES, AND ASSUMPTIONS ............................ 45 
STANDARDS ISSUED BUT NOT YET EFFECTIVE ......................................................................... 48 

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31. 

OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION .................................................................................... 48 
INCOME TAXES ....................................................................................................................... 50 
EARNINGS PER SHARE ............................................................................................................. 51 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS ............................................................................................... 52 
TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES ............................................................................................ 52 
PREPAID EXPENSES AND DEPOSITS ......................................................................................... 53 
BID/PERFORMANCE BONDS .................................................................................................... 53 
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT ................................................................................................... 54 
INTANGIBLE ASSETS ................................................................................................................ 55 
RIGHT OF USE ASSET ............................................................................................................... 56 
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES ..................................................................... 57 
OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES............................................................ 57 
GOVERNMENT GRANT ............................................................................................................ 59 
EQUITY INSTRUMENTS ............................................................................................................ 60 
CONTRIBUTED SURPLUS ......................................................................................................... 62 
DIVIDENDS PAID AND PROPOSED............................................................................................ 62 
COST OF SALES........................................................................................................................ 62 
EXPENSES: DISCLOSURE OF FUNCTION EXPENSES ................................................................... 62 
LOANS PAYABLE ...................................................................................................................... 63 
RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES ................................................................................................ 63 
FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES .................................................... 64 
COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES, AND GUARANTEES ........................................................... 68 
SALE OF ENTERPRISE LICENSES................................................................................................ 69 
COMPARATIVE FIGURES .......................................................................................................... 69 
EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING YEAR ..................................................................................... 69 
Corporate Information .............................................................................................................................71 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Letter to our Shareholders 

2021  was  a  very  good  year  for  NTG  that  has  seen  an  increase  in  revenue  and  a  turnaround  towards 
profitability. Revenues for 2021 were up 50% to $11.895M compared to $7.9M in 2020. Profit was $1.36M 
compared  to  a  loss  of  $1M  in  2020.  We  have  capitalized  on  our  track  record and  experience,  and  the 
goodwill we have built with our customers and partners over the years. NTG is now recognized as a provider 
of  top-tier,  high  quality  services  with  very  competitive  pricing,  and  we  have  added  new  clients  to  our 
customer base, especially in the financial sector where we have been focusing expansion this year. This 
sector is outside our traditional telecom vertical and is an important growth opportunity for us as they are 
going through a digital transformation. We are working hard to capitalize on the booming demands for IT 
and telecom services and on establishing NTG as a major offshoring hub for technology and IT services.  

During the year, we continued developing our product NTGapps -- a digital transformation tool providing a 
low-code platform that enables users to develop applications quickly and easily.  In 2021, we have seen the 
demand for the system reflected in purchase orders and we look forward to increasing product sales and 
the professional services to implement and support the system. The NTGapps software platform is being 
sold as a service either on the cloud or implemented on premises for large corporate clients.   

Going forward, NTG will focus on promoting and expanding our product offerings that provide a high profit 
margin. We are focused on our NTGapps digital transformation platform that integrates with our Network 
Asset  Management  product.  Digital  Transformation  is  one  of  the  current  key  objectives  of  most 
organizations  and  NTGapps  provides a  tool  to  enable  these  organization  to  achieve  this  goal  in  using  a 
phased approach while integrating with their legacy systems. We believe that NTGapps is one of the best 
digital  transformation  platforms  available.  It  enables  our  customers  to  consolidate  their  end-to-end 
business software and integrate with specialty third-party platforms, enhancing operational efficiency and 
saving clients time that can instead be used to create new revenue streams. 

We would like to thank our valued shareholders for their continued support during these challenging times. 
As management’s interests are closely aligned with our shareholder base, we remain committed to working 
diligently to increase our profitability and working towards reducing our debts. We look forward to growing 
the company further in the years ahead. 

"Ashraf Zaghloul" 

Ashraf Zaghloul, Chair and Chief Executive Officer 
NTG Clarity Networks Inc. 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Management’s  Discussion  &  Analysis  of  Financial  Conditions  and 
Results of Operations 

This management discussion and analysis (MD&A) focuses on key statistics from the consolidated financial 
statements  and  pertains  to  known  risks  and  uncertainties  relating  to  the  telecommunications  and 
consulting industry. This discussion should not be considered all-inclusive, as it excludes changes that may 
occur  in  general  economic,  political  and  environmental  conditions.  This  discussion  and  analysis  of  the 
financial condition and results of operations has been prepared as of April 11, 2022, for the year ending 
December 31, 2021 and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements 
and related notes and material contained in other parts of this annual report. 

Additional information related to the Corporation is available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. 

Forward-Looking Statements 

Certain  statements  in  this  MD&A  and  associated  notes  and  financial  statements  may  be  considered 
“forward-looking”  within  the  meaning  of  applicable  securities  laws.  These  statements  reflect  the 
Corporation’s  plans  and  expectations  based  on  our  experience,  interpretation  of  past  trends,  key 
assumptions and other relevant information available at the date that such statements are made.  

The statements involve business, economic and competitive risks, uncertainties and contingencies. There 
is significant risk that predictions, projections or conclusions will not prove to be accurate and actual results 
may differ materially from estimates, expectations, or intentions expressed.  

The forward-looking statements in this MD&A and associated notes and financial statements are based on 
what we believe are reasonable assumptions, however we caution readers not to place undue reliance on 
our  forward-looking  statements.  We  assume  no  obligation  to  update  or  revise  these  forward-looking 
statements to reflect new events or circumstances, except as required by securities law. 

Business Overview 

NTG  Clarity  is  a  Canadian  publicly  traded  Corporation  (TSXV:NCI)  that  provides  telecommunications 
engineering, Information Technology, networking and related software solutions. We have been developing 
niche software products directed at telecom service providers and utilities markets since our inception in 
1993. We also  provide  professional  services and  managed  services  to  this  same  vertical.  We  have  also 
expanded into the financial and government sectors, providing products and technical resources to assist 
customers with projects that include digital transformation. 

We are headquartered in Toronto, Canada and have subsidiaries/branch offices in Cairo, Egypt; the USA; 
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and Oman. The Corporation is organized into two business segments: the Canadian 
segment, which is made up of activities in Canada and our offices in Saudi Arabia and Oman; and the Egypt 
segment,  which  is  our  software  development  group  and  also  provides  professional  services,  offshoring 
services and network services to customers in Egypt. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summary of Major NTG Events in 2021 

Announcements made over the course of the year highlight our increase in the number of customers and 
contracts/POs,  our  reduction  in  debt  through  a  Shares  for  Debt  transaction,  and  our  introduction  of 
NTGapps; our newest software product. 

The following outlines the events that occurred in 2021: 

In Q1 2021, we announced the following: 

  a Memo of Understanding (MOU) with a major bank in the Gulf region to provide offshore software 
development and IT resources and facilities through our Egypt subsidiary (estimated annual revenue of 
$2.5M). 

  multiple purchase orders totaling over $1.1M in contract value. Some of this was for renewal of existing 

work however the majority was for new work.  

 

soft-launch  of  NTGapps  (formerly  Smart2Go)  -  a  Digital  Transformation  software  product.  We  also 
announced receipt of a $550K PO from a major Health Care Provider to deliver their digital products on 
the NTGapps platform. 

In Q2 2021, we announced the following: 

 

receipt  of  a  Contract  Purchase  Agreement  with  a  major  financial  institution  in  the  Middle  East  to 
provide onshore and offshore professional resources ($3.6M). 

  multiple purchase orders for a total estimated amount of $900K in contract value to provide IT, telecom 

and professional resources. 

In Q3 2021, we announced the following: 

 

 

closing of a board-approved Shares for Debt transaction. We issued 40 million shares and reduced our 
outstanding payables/loans by $2M.  

two new POs for the NTGapps totaling $800K and other POs valued at $140K for support of other NTG 
products. 

  a Letter of Intent (LOI) for the purchase of NTG's Asset Management, Network Discovery, Discrepancy 

and Reconciliation software ($4.5M).  

In Q4 2021, we announced the following: 

  a PO to provide professional resources offshore for a major transportation company in the Middle East, 

valued at $170K.  

  multiple POs totaling $750K; an estimated $450K for the implementation of NTGapps for two customers 

and $300K is to provide resources to multiple customers. 

  With regards to the $4.5M CAD Letter of Intent (LOI) announced in Q3 2021,  the first PO  valued at 

$1.22M for the product license and a second PO for $1.35M implementation.  

  POs  to  provide  professional  technical  resources  and  consultants  in  both  the  financial  and  telecom 

sectors in the Middle East for $642K. 

  a PO to provide project work for utilizing our NTGapps technology and know-how for $168K 

  3 POs from a financial institution in the Gulf region to provide technical professional service resources 

both on the customer premises and offshore in our Egypt Offshore Centre.   

7 

 

signing of a 1-year renewable Framework Agreement for manpower services to provide future technical 
IT consultation services to a credit bureau in the Middle East.  

  a  letter  of  intent  (LOI)  from  a  major  financial  institution  in  the  Middle  East,  to  provide  technical 
professional resources both on the customer’s premises and offshore in our Egypt Offshore Centre.  

Canada 
Before 2021, our Canadian operations were relatively small compared to our international operations. This 
year,  Canadian  customers and  customers  billed  through  our  Canadian  office  account  for  14%  of  NTG’s 
revenue. In December 2021, we were awarded two projects through our Canadian office to: 

 

 

license and install NTG’s NTS Asset Management, Network Discovery, Discrepancy and Reconciliation 
software, including our new low-code NTGapps digital toolbox. The license revenue included in 2021 
was approximately $1.22M for this new customer. Future implementation revenue over the next 15 
months (PO announced December 9, 2021) is expected to be $1.3M.  

license, install and support our NTS Utility Billing software. The USD$360K contract includes a license 
amount of USD$126K that was invoiced and received in January 2022. Future milestone billing for the 
balance is expected over 8 months (contract announced January 5, 2022).  

Egypt 
Egypt continues to be a challenging  place to do business with restrictions on using foreign currency for 
business operations and on moving funds out of the country. We mitigate much of the risk of doing business 
in the country as our expenses and the majority of our contracts in Egypt are both in the local currency. 
Additionally, most of the technical and professional services for offshoring and outsourcing are based in 
Egypt, allowing NTG to provide experienced resources and expertise at extremely competitive prices. This 
has proven to be a successful strategy as the offshoring of resources to Egypt is increasingly popular.  

We are also working to diversify our customer base in the country. In addition to our 2 major customers 
who  represent  50%  of  Egypt’s  annual revenue  (2020:  75%),  we  are  increasing work  with  other  existing 
customers and have added 7 new customers (6% of revenue) in the financial and telecom sectors. 

In addition to offshoring and providing professional services to customers in Egypt, we have focused efforts 
more on our core software products and our NTGapps low-code development platform. We have sold our 
NTGapps software product to 4 of our existing customers in Egypt. 

In 2021, Egypt’s revenue contribution continues to be strong with the subsidiary contributing 23% of the 
Corporation’s revenue (2020: 26%).  

Subsequent to year  end, in March 2022,  Egypt devalued its currency by 14%, prompting an increase in 
interest rates and inflation in the country. The effects on NTG’s operations are not yet quantifiable. We 
anticipate, as in 2016, there will be more growth opportunities as other companies leave the marketplace 
because of reluctance to do business in the local currency. We also expect to increase some salaries to 
retain our highly skilled personnel. 

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) 
NTG has been doing business in KSA for over 15 years, and ongoing initiatives continue to show returns 
with 70% of our professional service work and 58% of our revenue being from KSA (2020: 79% and 63% 
respectively). NTG has developed good brand recognition and a solid track record over the years, which is 
an asset to our work in the region.  

8 

During  the year, COVID-19  travel restrictions slowed the movement of personnel to customer sites. We 
were required to quarantine our personnel for two weeks in another country (Bahrain or Maldives) prior to 
arriving in KSA. This resulted in significant increases in travel and accommodation costs during the year. 

We have sold our NTGapps software to new and existing customers in the country, and product demos 
show promising interest across multiple sectors. 

Our KSA revenue has increased by 41% over 2020 revenues. Additionally, customers in the banking and in 
public sectors are contributing significantly to our revenue (32%). 

Oman 
In 2021, we continued work for our customer in Oman, who is using our NTS Network Inventory and Project 
Management  modules.  Recurring  revenues  in  Oman  from  product  maintenance,  support,  and  change 
requests as well as professional services contributed 5% to NTG’s revenue in 2021 (2020: 11%).  

Outlook 
Customers have been recognizing our quality of work and track record and this has resulted in increased 
work  from  our  major  customers,  including  sales  of  our  NTGapps  software  product.  KSA’s  economic 
rebound, due in large part to increasing prices for oil, has shown increasing demand for our products and 
services. Our Q4 2021 revenue is the highest quarterly revenue since 2016 and we have been profitable for 
the sixth straight quarter.  

Subsequent to year  end, most of the marketplaces we operate in have relaxed or eliminated COVID-19 
requirements and we are seeing many of our customers and activities return to normal. However, some 
customers have retained some form  of the “work from  home” model and some are making use of the 
technical, IT and professional services we offer through our Egypt Offshore Centre. We are excited about 
the increasing demand for this offering model as we expand our business into new verticals that include 
government and financial sectors.  We expect the additional travel and accommodation costs that were 
necessary in KSA this year will be greatly reduced going forward, however this remains a concern. 

Finally, with the increased demand for our software product; NTGapps digital toolbox, we anticipate being 
able to further expand into new verticals. We are expanding the focus of NTGapps to include tools related 
to small and medium enterprise (SME) end-to-end business operations. We are already seeing demand in 
the financial and government sectors and we see this as an opportunity to present our product for use in 
the medical sector. Of particular note is the PO we received in March of this year for a new customer in the 
medical  sector  to  deliver  their  digital  products  on  the  NTGapps  platform.  For  more  information,  visit 
www.ntgapps.com. We are also seeing an increased demand for our Utility software and Network Asset 
Management and feel this will lead to new customers and increased recurring revenue. 

As of the publishing of this report, NTG has a backlog of $11.7M in unbilled amounts for POs on hand. This 
amount is roughly equal to the total revenue for 2021. This is in addition to already invoiced amounts in Q1 
2022. This put us in a healthy position to continue our profitability going forward and contributes to the 
growth of our organization. Additionally, we are expecting to renew several contracts with major customers 
that are coming up for renewal within the next six months. 

Summary of Quarterly Results 

Historically,  NTG’s  operating  results  have  fluctuated  due  to  the  timing  of  new  contracts  and  their 
corresponding billing, and we expect this trend to continue. Q4 2021 contains $1.22M in license fees for a 
new telecom customer who purchased our NTS Asset Management, Network Discovery, Discrepancy and 
Reconciliation software. Our Q4 2021 revenue is the highest quarterly revenue since 2016 and we have 
been profitable for six straight quarters. 

9 

The following table shows a summary of our eight most recent quarters (in Canadian dollars).  

2021 

Revenue 

Net Income 

Profit per 
Share 

Diluted Profit 
per Share 

Quarter One 

Quarter Two 

Quarter Three 

Quarter Four 

TOTAL 

2020 

Quarter One 

Quarter Two 

Quarter Three 

Quarter Four 

TOTAL 

$ 2,298,307 
$ 2,621,252 
$ 2,844,338 
$ 4,132,046 
$ 11,895,943 

$    249,727 

$    459,813 

$    237,671 

$    416,748 

$   1,363,958 

$    0.00 

$    0.00 

$    0.00 

$    0.01 

$    0.01 

$    0.00 

$    0.00 

$    0.00 

$    0.01 

$    0.01 

Revenue 

$ 2,474,766 
$ 1,651,209 
$ 2,233,248 
$ 1,547,766 
$ 7,906,989 

Net Income 
(Loss) 

Profit (Loss) 
per Share 

Diluted Profit 
per Share 

$    (598,736) 

$ (1,019,715) 

$       252,059 

$       267,776 

$ (1,098,617) 

$ (0.01) 

$ (0.01) 

$    0.00 

$    0.00 

$ (0.01) 

$ (0.01) 

$ (0.01) 

$    0.00 

$    0.00 

$ (0.01) 

Total Assets 

$ 3,390,312 

$ 4,409,643 

$ 5,115,346 

$ 6,490,706 

$ 6,490,706 

Total Assets 

$ 2,750,861 

$ 2,165,928 

$ 2,448,748 

$ 3,406,422 

$ 3,406,422 

Quarterly and Annual Results of Operations 

NTG’s business continues to operate and support customers’ operations despite COVID-19 restrictions. We 
have managed to keep quarter over quarter revenues strong with six straight quarters of profitability. Cash 
flow remains a concern as NTG depends on collections to finance operations. Generally, in 2021, collections 
have been within acceptable limits and there is a small provision for bad debts of $21,524. 

Financial highlights for the three months and year ending December 31, 2021: 

Revenue  
Consolidated  revenues  for  the  three  months  ending  December  31,  2021  was  $4,132,046  compared  to 
$1,547,766 for the same period in 2020. Revenue for the year increased 50% to $11,895,943 compared to 
$7,906,989 reported in the prior year.  

Professional service revenue continues to be an important source of revenue for  us, given its generally 
recurring nature (81% as compared to 78% in 2020). We continue to work to make product sales a more 
balanced part of NTG’s revenue stream. 

Consolidated revenues for Q4 2021 for the Egypt operating segment increased significantly to $1,183,846 
compared  to  $393,190  in  2020.  For  the  year  ending  December  31,  2021  revenues  increased  31%  to 
$2,735,335 compared to $2,094,422 in 2020. 

For  the  Canadian  operating  segment, revenues  increased  to  $2,948,200  compared  to  $1,154,577  in Q4 
2020.  For  the  year  ending  December  31,  2021  revenues  increased  58%  to  $9,160,608  compared  to 
$5,812,568 in 2020.  

Revenues are 50% higher this year as we work to increase the number of customers and the work done for 
each customer. The significant increase in Q4 and YTD revenues was due to:  

  a 42% increase in work for our largest customer in the financial sector in KSA 
  a 600% increase in work for a large financial sector customer in Egypt 

10 

 
 
  a license fee for a new customer 
 
 

significant increases in work for 6 of our existing customers in KSA 
revenue from new customers in KSA and Egypt. 

Though we currently have three Canadian customers, the Middle East continues to be where the majority 
of  NTG’s  revenue  comes  from  and  as  of December  31,  2021,  represents  96%  of  total  revenue. We  are 
hopeful that 2022 will continue to see improved results from our past efforts with both existing and new 
customers.  

Unbilled Revenue 

Unbilled revenue is revenue which had been earned and therefore recognized in compliance with IFRS, but 
which has not been billed to the client(s) due to contract terms and/or billing cycle. NTG derives revenue 
from  fees  charged  to  customers  for  licenses  for  software  products  and  professional  services:  support, 
consulting, development, training, and other services.  

Revenue  can  be  recognized  for  projects  based  on  time  and materials  for  professional  services,  or  on a 
percentage  of  completion  basis  for  product  implementation  and  support.  Both  can  result  in  unbilled 
revenue  until  the  customer  is  invoiced.  Based  on  NTG’s  contracts,  the  customer  is  invoiced  upon  the 
completion of defined milestones and/or the required customer acceptance. For many contracts, revenue 
is recognized each month, but billed on a quarterly basis and we anticipate this to continue. 

At December 31, 2021, unbilled revenue was $342,574 compared to $315,171 at December 31, 2020.  

Cost of Sales and Gross Margin 
Cost of sales consists of the expense of personnel providing professional services, and services to implement 
and provide technical support for our solutions. In addition, it includes an allocation of certain direct and 
indirect costs attributable to these activities. 

Cost of sales for  the three months and year  ending December 31,  2021 were $881,903 and $5,307,491 
(2020: $1,675,034 and $5,673,356). 

Cost of sales 

Salaries and wages 
Travel 
Hardware 
Other expenses 

Total 

December 31, 2021 

December 31, 2020 

$ 

$ 

4,942,357 
384,477 
76,990 
(96,333) 

5,307,491 

$ 

$ 

5,223,849 
123,344 
240,393 
85,770 

5,673,356 

For  the Egypt operating  segment,  the cost of sales for  the three months and year  ending December 31, 
2021 were $652,876 and $1,616,186 respectively compared to $622,475 and $1,694,496 in 2020.  

For the Canadian operating segment, the cost of sales for the three months and year ending December 31, 
2021 were $229,027 and $3,691,305 respectively compared to $1,052,559 and $3,978,860 in 2020. The 
decreases were due to the capitalization of work done on our NTGapps product. 

The gross margin for  the year  ending  December  31,  2021 was 55% compared to 28% in 2020. Realistic 
margins are anticipated to be between 30-40%, based on the product mix. This year’s margin was higher 
due to a large license fee which has a high margin. 

Operating Expenses 
As COVID-19 restrictions were lifted, costs for travelling and marketing events impacted 2021 results. For 
the three months and year ending 2021, expenses were $2,315,416 and $3,992,545 respectively compared 

11 

 
 
 
to $376,626 and $3,394,410 in 2020. Both selling/marketing and G&A costs increased this year, primarily 
due to the significant loss in foreign exchange. 

Selling and Marketing 
Selling  and  marketing  expenses  consist  primarily  of  sales  staff  remuneration,  commissions,  travel, 
advertising, consulting, and trade show costs.  

Sales and marketing expenses for the three months and year ending December 31, 2021 were $641,731 
and $1,257,849 respectively compared to $301,073 and $955,428 in 2020. The increase in the selling and 
marketing  expenses  occurred  as  COVID-19  restrictions  were  lifted.  Travel  and  in-person  customer 
meetings/visits  resumed  and  sales  staff  and  salaries  were  returned  to  pre-COVID  levels.  Also,  larger 
commission costs were due as sales increased. 

Selling 

Salary and wages 

Marketing and advertising 

Mailing and courier 
Professional services 
Meals and entertainment 

Total 

For the twelve months ended 

December 31, 2021 

December 31, 2020 

$ 

1,053,291 

$ 

 670,146 

68,456 

7,223 
25,805 
103,074 

186,217 

5,534 
39,485 
 54,046 

$ 

1,257,849 

$ 

955,428 

General and Administrative 
General  and  administration  expenses  (G&A)  consist  primarily  of  salary  and  benefits,  rent  and  office 
expenses, insurance, professional fees, accounting and legal fees, director’s fees, etc.  

G&A expenses for the three months and year ending December 31, 2021 were $1,329,679 and $2,440,239 
respectively compared to $180,271 and $2,353,089 in 2020.  

General and Administrative 

December 31, 2021 

December 31, 2020 

Salary and wages 
Occupancy 

Consulting 
Professional fees 

Bid/performance bond fees 
Insurance 
Dues and subscriptions 
Penalties and fees 
Office and general 

Total 

$ 

1,674,735 
138,121 

$ 

1,364,997 
222,847 

25,430 
117,733 

– 
276,562 
22,006 
133,098 
52,554 

99,800 
120,645 

831 
242,299 
25,690 
37,245 
238,735 

$ 

2,440,239 

$ 

2,353,089 

Foreign Exchange Gain/Loss 

Each entity in the Corporation determines its own functional currency and items included in the financial 
statements of each entity are measured using that functional currency. The functional currency and the 
presentation currency of the parent entity is the Canadian dollar.  Transactions in foreign currencies are 
initially recorded in respective functional currency rates at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and 
liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the functional currency rate at the reporting 
date. Differences are taken to the statement of profit or loss and comprehensive income.  

Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using 
the exchange rates as at the dates of the initial transactions. The functional currency of the subsidiary NTG 
Egypt Advanced is the Egyptian pound, and the functional currency of the subsidiary NTG Clarity Networks 
US Inc. is the US Dollar. 

12 

 
An entity may present its financial statements in any currency (or currencies). If the presentation currency 
differs  from  the  entity's  functional  currency,  it  translates  its  results  and  financial  position  into  the 
presentation  currency.  For  example,  when a group contains  individual  entities with  different  functional 
currencies, the results and financial position of each entity are expressed in a common currency so that 
consolidated financial statements may be presented. 

For practical reasons, an average rate for the period is often used to translate income and expense items. 
When the exchange differences relate to a foreign operation that is consolidated but not wholly owned, 
accumulated exchange differences arising from translation and attributable to non-controlling interests are 
allocated to, and recognized as part of, non-controlling interests in the consolidated statement of financial 
position. 

IAS 21.–47, in addition to IAS 21.–43, apply when the results and financial position of a foreign operation 
are translated into a presentation currency so that the foreign operation can be included in the financial 
statements of the reporting entity by consolidation or the equity method. 

For  the  quarter  ended  December  31,  2021,  the  Corporation  recognized  a  significant  foreign  currency 
exchange loss of $344,006 compared to a gain of $104,718 for the same period in 2020. For the year ending 
December 31, 2021, the Corporation recognized a foreign currency exchange loss of $294,457 compared to 
a loss of $85,893 the year ending 2020. For more information on foreign exchange, see Note 4(b): Foreign 
currency translation. 

Other Expenses 

Research and Development 
With the exception of NTGapps, our flagship product, research and development is paid for by customer 
requests and is therefore, included in cost of sales.  

Provision for Bad Debt 
NTG has made a provision for bad debt in 2021 of $21,524 (2020: $339,602). 

Amortization of Intangible Assets 

Intangible assets are related to the NTGapps low-code digital transformation platform initially capitalized 
in  2020.  Expenditures  on  development  of  the  software  are  recognized  as  an  asset  from  the  time  the 
Corporation has determined an indefinite future economic benefit exists. 

The  amortization  costs  for  the  three  months  and  year  ending  December  31,  2021  were  $44,933  and 
$131,222 respectively compared to $Nil in 2020. 

Interest Expense 
As of December 31, 2021, the interest expense for the three months and year was $(6,935) and $200,310 
as compared to $70,086 and $268,957 for the same periods in 2020. There is no change in the principal 
indebtedness  carrier’s  requirements.  Interest  for  the  quarter  is  lower  primarily  due  to  the  reversal  of 
interest accruals for loans repaid this year.  

Share-based Compensation 
NTG has a formal stock option plan allowing the issuance of options to directors, officers, employees and 
consultants in order to attract and retain qualified and experienced individuals. All options granted are non-
assignable, generally expire five years after the grant date, and usually vest over  one year  but can have 
varying vesting periods. 

13 

No options were granted to non-employees during 2021. Stock options granted during the three months 
and year ending December 31, 2021 totalled 7,420,000 and 17,415,000 compared to 400,000 and 500,000 
in 2020. The weighted average expected contractual lives of outstanding and exercisable options are shown 
in Note 18(b). 12,105,000 options have vested and there are 12,475,000 issued. The difference of 370,000 
will vest in the foreseeable future (within the next 12 months) and the expense will be charged in the future 
quarters. 

Income Taxes 
There are no income taxes for the taxation year ending December 31, 2021 as NTG has income tax losses 
in the amount of $16,512,842 that are available for Canadian federal and provincial tax purposes which may 
be carried forward to reduce future years’ taxable income (December 31, 2020: $17,799,962). 

Total Comprehensive Income after Taxes (Net Income) 
For  Q4  2021,  the Corporation  recorded a  net  income  of $416,748  compared  to  $267,776  for  the same 
period  in  2020.  For  the  year  ending  December  31,  2021,  the  Corporation  recorded  a  net  income  of 
$1,363,958 compared to a net loss of $(1,098,617) in 2020.  

The Egypt operating segment, for the three months ending December 31, 2021 recorded a net income of 
$102,129 compared to $806,277 in 2020. For the year ending December 31, 2021 there was a net income 
of $158,673 compared to $551,783 in 2020. 

For  the  Canadian  operating  segment,  for  the  three  months  ending  December  31,  2021  recorded  a  net 
income of $314,620 compared to a net loss of $(538,500) in 2020. For the year ending December 31, 2021 
there was a net income of $1,205,285 compared to a net loss of $(1,650,402).  

Assets and non-current liabilities 

As of December 31, 2021, the Corporation closed the year with $158,870 cash on hand (2020: $145,224), 
bid/performance bonds of $55,764 (2020: $60,233) and prepaid amounts of $64,446 (2020: $67,501).  

Differences in prepaid amounts are due to the timing of insurance and rental renewals. The decrease in 
bond values compared to year-to-date 2020 occurred because of bonds that expired in Egypt and KSA. 

Property and equipment 
Property  and  equipment  of  $183,294  as  of  December  31,  2021  (2020:  $157,757)  consists  mainly  of 
computer equipment and office furniture with a useful life of 4-10 years. We are not dependent on tangible 
assets and we expect the purchase and disposal of property and equipment to be consistently modest in 
the foreseeable  future. NTG  had additions of  $97,032 during 2021  (2020: $19,677) and depreciation of 
$112,873  (2020:  $41,082).  The  majority  of  the  additions  were  in  Egypt  for  laptops  for  internal  and 
outsourced personnel and servers to support operations. Note the depreciation includes depreciation of 
our right-of-use asset of $41,378. See Note 16 for more information. 

Intangible assets 
In past years, intangible assets were related to the upgrade of our internally developed Operations Support 
System/Business  Support  System  (OSS/BSS)  software  product  called  NTS,  and  StageEM,  our  enterprise 
solution that allows companies to manage many current and/or proposed projects and maintain control of 
resources, budgets and other elements. As of December 2021, these products not on NTG’s balance sheet, 
though we consider both products to be valuable assets. 

In 2021, intangible assets relate to the upgrade of our internally developed NTGapps (formerly Smart2Go) 
platform. NTGapps is a powerful development tool that offers rapid application development and whose 

14 

users need no knowledge of development languages. Powerful templates allow users to create their own 
tools for HR, CRM, asset management, etc. In 2021, NTGapps development was capitalized for $1,451,381 
(2020: $860,636). The amortization cost for 2021 was $131,221 (2020: $Nil). 

An impairment test is performed on the non-current assets at year end, or when indicators warrant it. A 
test  was  performed  at  year  end  2021  and  there  was  no  impairment.  We  will  continue  to  assess  on  a 
quarterly basis for indicators of impairment. 

Non-current liabilities 
As of December 31, 2021, NTG had the following non-current liabilities: 

  The outstanding indebtedness of $6,512,880 held by a numbered Company is disclosed as a long-term 

debt on the Statements of Financial Position. See Note 18(a) and Note 26 for more information. 

  An amount due from and owed to related parties includes balances owing to key management and key 

management compensation. See Note 26 for more information. 

  Several loans payable of $422,093, provided by international investors. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

NTG’s principal requirement for capital is to provide working capital to fund its operations and support its 
organic  growth.  Historically,  we  have  funded  operations  by  using  profits  generated  by  operations  and 
through the issuance of equity. In 2021, we funded operations, changes in non-cash working capital and 
capital expenditures using internally generated cash flows, cash on hand, short-term loans, and a Shares 
for Debt private placement in August 2021. 

As of December 31, 2021, we had a declining working capital deficit of $3,757,061 compared to a deficit of 
$6,336,678 at December 31, 2020. The improvement in working capital was primarily due to: 

 

 

 

closing a Shares for Debt transaction on August 10, 2021 to reduce payables by $2,000,000. 

continuing our increased collection activities. 

loans from overseas investors. 

Cash Flow Provided by Operations 
The cash in-flow from operating activities for the year ending December 31, 2021 was $1,801,557 compared 
to $1,836,727 for the same period in 2020. Though cash inflow was similar to last year, of note is:  

  a net income of $1,363,958 compared to a net loss of $(1,098,617) in 2020. 
  a 36% reduction in loans payable. 
  a larger Shares for Debt transaction ($2,000,000 compared to $660,000 in 2020). 
  a $1.6M increase in accounts receivable compared to a $400K decrease in 2020. 
  a $819K decrease in accounts payable compared to a $619K increase in 2020. 

Cash Flow from Financing Activities 
The cash out-flow from financing activities for the year ending December 31, 2021 was $239,498 compared 
to an out-flow of $842,258 for the same period in 2020. This was primarily due to: 

 

 

the decrease in long-term debt ($670,708 compared to an increase of $117,072 in 2020). 

the issuance of common shares for $443,000 (2020: $Nil). 

15 

 
 
Cash Flow from Investing Activities 
Cash out-flow from investing activities for the year ending December 31, 2021, was $1,548,413 compared 
to an out-flow  of $880,313  for  the same period in 2020.  This was primarily due to the capitalization of 
development costs for our NTGapps software product. 

Commitments and Contractual Obligations 

NTG was committed under agreements for the rental of office space in Canada at a monthly rate of $9,232 
for  the period from  June 1, 2016  to May 31, 2021. As of June 1,  2021,  we renewed the agreement and 
committed to pay $6,639 monthly for the period from June 1, 2021 to May 31, 2022 and $8,195 monthly 
for the period from June 1, 2022 to May 31, 2023. As of December 31, 2021, NTG has a deferred rent balance 
due of $80,847 that is related to the Forbearance Agreement signed in April 2020. As of the publishing of 
this report, this amount has been repaid in full. 

Additionally, we are committed under agreements for the rental of office spaces in Egypt and Oman at a 
monthly rate ranging from $800 to $3000 for the periods from August 2021 to October 2023. 

Debt and Credit Facilities 

As  of  December  31,  2021,  NTG’s  indebtedness  continues  to  be  controlled  by  a  numbered  Company, 
controlled by Ashraf Zaghloul, NTG CEO and Kristine Lewis, NTG President. The numbered Company retains 
the Indebtedness and the Security, and all the rights, title and interest together with the full benefit of all 
powers and all covenants and provisions contained in the Security. The Company has agreed to extend the 
grace period for principal installment repayments until December 2022. This has helped NTG significantly 
by helping with cash flow and reducing pressure on management to allow them to focus on business. The 
Indebtedness held by the Company is secured by a General Security Agreement (GSA) over the assets of the 
Corporation. It is listed as Long-term debt on the Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. 

As of December 31, 2021, NTG Egypt Advanced Software, a subsidiary of NTG, had the following:  

  an  overdraft  facility  with  QNB  bank  in  Egypt  in  the  amount  of  7,777,243  Egyptian  pounds 

(approximately $626,068; 2020: $569,734) with an interest rate of 18%. 

  a loan with CIB bank in Egypt in the amount of 3,000,000 Egyptian pounds at interest rate of 7% per 
annum, repayable in monthly principal payments of 125,000 Egyptian pounds plus interest. The loan 
matures  on  April  1,  2023.  The  loan  outstanding  at  year  end  was  2,000,000  Egyptian  pounds 
(approximately $161,000). 

In 2020, NTG received $60,000 interest-free for the Canadian Emergency Business Account (CEBA) revolving 
line of credit. As of December 31, 2021, the balance owed on this line of credit is $60,000. Subsequent to 
year end, in March 2022, we repaid CAD$30,000. See Note 19 for more information.  

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 

The  Corporation  has  not  entered  into  off-balance  sheet  financing  arrangements.  All  commitments  are 
reflected on the Corporation’s balance sheet.  

Transactions with Related Parties 

Transactions between the Corporation and its subsidiaries, which are related parties to the Corporation, 
have been eliminated on consolidation. Related parties include key management, the Board of Directors, 
close  family members  and  entities  which  are  controlled  by  these  individuals  as  well  as  certain  persons 
performing similar functions.  

16 

The standard key management compensation is listed in Note 26.  

The Corporation’s long-term debt is controlled by a numbered Company, controlled by Ashraf Zaghloul, 
NTG CEO and Kristine Lewis, NTG President. 

Basis of Preparation and Significant Accounting Policies 

The  audited  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International 
Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). 

Significant  accounting  policies  are  presented  in  detail  in  Note  3  of  our  audited  consolidated  financial 
statements for the year ending December 31, 2021. These are available on SEDAR (www.sedar.com). The 
policies applied in these statements are based on IFRS issued and outstanding as of April 11, 2022, the date 
the Board of Directors approved the consolidated financial statements. 

Proposed Transactions 

There are no Proposed Transactions. 

Business Risk and Management 

NTG’s primary risk management objective is to protect our balance sheet and cash flow. Principal financial 
liabilities are made up of a Company Indebtedness (assumed from RBC Royal Bank in December 2019), and 
trade and other payables. NTG has also taken on short-term debt from overseas to assist with cash flow. 

We are exposed to market risk, interest rate risk, foreign exchange risk, credit risk, and liquidity risk. Senior 
management oversees the management of these risks and is supported by a Committee that advises on 
financial risks and the appropriate financial risk governance framework. The Board of Directors reviews and 
agrees policies for managing risks. 

In addition to risks described elsewhere, NTG  is subject to a number of risk factors. We have significant 
reliance on certain key personnel, some of whom are also key shareholders; Ashraf Zaghloul, CEO; Kristine 
Lewis, President; and Yaser Yousef, CTO. 

Though we have worked hard to diversify our customer base, we are dependent on a few large customers. 
As of December 31, 2021, 35% of NTG’s revenue was from two customers (2020: 29% from one customer). 
34% (2020: 25%) of our trade accounts receivable balance was from one customer. Management continues 
to work to diversify the customer base and country concentration. 

The  uncertainties  around  COVID-19  has  required  the  use  of  significant  judgement  and  estimates  as  of 
December 31, 2021, we have not noted any resulting significant impairment. 

Additional risks and uncertainties not described below or not presently known to the Corporation may also 
impact our business. If any of these risks occur, our company’s business, financial condition or results of 
operations could be harmed and the trading price of NTG’s common shares could be materially affected. 
The purpose of discussing these risks and uncertainties is to highlight factors that could cause actual results 
to differ  materially from  past results or  from  those described in forward-looking statements. It is not to 
describe  facts,  trends  and  circumstances  that  could  have  a  positive  impact  on  the  results  or  financial 
position. 

Market risk 

Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because 
of changes in market prices. Market prices comprise several types of risk: interest rate risk, currency risk, 

17 

commodity price risk, and other price risk, such as equity risk. The Corporation is not subject to price risk 
from fluctuations in market prices of commodities and has no exposure to equity price risk.  

There  is  a  high  concentration  of  competition  in  the  telecom  industry  and  no  barrier  of  entry  for  new 
competitors into the market. Many of our competitors are larger companies that have greater resources. 
To help mitigate this risk, we have partnered with, or signed agreements to work through; a few of the large 
competitors, as we can offer seasoned resources at extremely competitive rates. 

Changes in the regulatory environment would always affect our plans and investments. As we continue to 
grow, we will continually monitor and evaluate the various policies and procedures to ensure that they 
consider any changes in the Corporation and its marketplace. 

In 2021, approximately 71% of our revenue came from work done in KSA (2020: 63%). The majority of NTG’s 
KSA customers are consistently within our payment terms.  

Historically 7-11% of our revenue comes from work done through our subsidiary, NTG Egypt, based in Cairo, 
Egypt.  Since  2014,  the  contribution  percentage  has  grown  from  13.7%  to  23%  in  2021.  The  economic 
challenges in the region continue have a positive impact on our Egypt operations.  

Oman’s major customer contributed 5% of the revenue in 2021 (2020: 11%). 

Interest rate risk 

NTG's exposure to interest rate fluctuations is primarily interest paid on its indebtedness and long-term 
loans.  The  Corporation  has  performed  sensitivity  analysis  on  interest  rates  on  December  31,  2021  to 
determine how a change in interest rates would impact equity and net loss.  

During the year, NTG paid $200,310 (2020: $277,126) on its loans and liabilities. An increase or decrease of 
100 basis points in the average interest rate paid during the period would have adjusted net earnings by 
approximately $26,896 (2020: $29,896). This analysis assumes that all other variables remain constant.  

Credit risk 

Credit risk is the risk of an unexpected loss if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet 
its contractual obligation. NTG’s financial instruments that are exposed to credit risk consist primarily of trade 
receivable. Our exposure to credit risk is impacted by the economic conditions for the industry which could 
affect the customers' ability to satisfy their obligations. To reduce risks, we perform periodic credit evaluations 
of the financial conditions of its customers and typically does not require collateral from them. Management 
assesses the need for allowance for potential credit losses by considering the credit risk of specific customers, 
historical trends and other information.  

The credit quality of all the accounts receivable of the Corporation that are neither past due nor impaired 
and the age of accounts receivable that are past due but not impaired have been assessed on an individual 
basis and determined to have a mitigated risk profile due to their  payment history. NTG previously had 
receivables and pre-shipping insurance; however, we did not renew this insurance due to cash flow (see 
Note 26). This introduces a new level of risk of non-payment by customers which was not previously there. 

Foreign currency risk 

Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate 
because of changes in foreign exchange rates. Our exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates 
relates primarily to operating activities, when revenue or expense are denominated in a different currency 
from our functional currency, the Canadian dollar. 

18 

We do not hedge the risk related to fluctuations of the exchange rate between USA and Canadian dollars from 
the date of the sales transactions to the collection date due to the short-term nature of this exposure. The 
Corporation does not hedge the risk related to fluctuations of the exchange rate between USA and Canadian 
dollars from  the date of the sales transactions to the collection date due to the short-term  nature of this 
exposure.  

A 10% change in exchange rates on December 31, 2021 would have the following approximate impacts: 

10% impact to: 

P&L in CAD 

Equity in CAD 

U.S. 
Dollar 
USD 

22,367 

16,440 

Omani 
Riyal 
OMR 

2,025 

1,489 

Kuwait 
Dinar 
KWD 

38,704 

28,448 

Saudi 
Riyal 
SAR 

7,897 

5,804 

Turkish 
Lira 
TRY 

238 

175 

Egyptian 
Pound 
LE 

23,569 

17,323 

Liquidity risk 

Liquidity  risk  is  the risk  that NTG  will  not  be able  to  meet  its  financial  obligations  as  they  fall  due. Our 
approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that we will always have sufficient liquidity 
to  meet  our  liabilities  when  due,  under  normal  and  stressed  conditions.  We  manage  liquidity  risk  by 
reviewing capital requirements on an ongoing basis. We continuously review both actual and forecasted 
cash flows to ensure that we have appropriate capital capacity. 

The following table summarizes the amount of contractual undiscounted future cash flow requirements for 
financial instruments as of December 31, 2021: 

Contractual obligations 

2022 

2023 

2024 

2025 and after 

Total 

Operating line of credit 

$ 

626,068 

$ 

Accounts payable and 
accrued liabilities 

6,540,227 

–  $ 

– 

Operating lease 

Long-term debt 

Loans payable 

233,366 

108,209 

 6,703,375 

422,093 

– 

– 

$ 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

$ 

626,068 

6,540,227 

341,575 

 6,703,375 

422,093 

The aging of trade accounts payable are as follows: 

December 31, 

Current 
31 – 60 days 
61 – 90 days 
91 – 180 days 
More than 180 days 

2021 

1,531,550 
1,959 
6,898 
13,106 
622,523 

2,176,036 

2020 

800,211 
109,175 
30,732 
98,235 
2,685,866 

3,724,219 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Expenses are accrued when incurred.  Accounts are deemed payable once an event occurs that requires 
payment  by  a  specific  date.  The  contractual maturity  of  the majority  of accounts  payable  is  within  one 
month.  

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital Management 
NTG manages its capital,  which consists of cash provided from operations and long  term debt,  with the 
primary  objective  being  safeguarding  sufficient  working  capital  to  sustain  operations.  The  Board  of 
Directors has not established capital benchmarks or other targets.  

There have been no changes in NTG’s approach to capital management during the year ending December 
31, 2021.  Also,  no  changes  were made  in  the  objectives,  policies,  or  processes  during  the  year  ending 
December 31, 2021. We will continually assess the adequacy of our capital structure and capacity and make 
adjustments within the context of NTG’s strategy, economic conditions, and the risk characteristics of the 
business. 

NTG’s objectives when managing capital are to: 

 (i) 

(ii) 

safeguard the Corporation's ability to continue as a going concern, so that it can provide adequate 
returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders; 
fund  capital  projects  for  facilitation  of  business  expansion  provided  there  is  sufficient  liquidly  of 
capital to enable the internal financing; and 

(iii)  maintain a capital base to maintain investor, creditor, and market confidence. 

NTG  considers  the  items  included  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  changes  in  shareholders'  equity as 
capital. We manage and adjust the capital structure in light of changes in economic conditions and the risk 
characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, we may issue 
new shares. We are not subject to externally imposed capital requirements. 

Legal claim contingency 

NTG is subject to a variety of claims and suits that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of business. 
Although management currently believes that resolving claims against NTG, individually or in aggregate, will 
not have a material adverse impact on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows, these 
matters are subject to inherent uncertainties and management's view of these matters may change in the 
future. To date, there are no claims or suits outstanding.  

Guarantees 

NTG  indemnifies  its  directors  and  officers  against  claims  reasonably  incurred  and  resulting  from  the 
performance of their services to the Corporation. NTG has been unable to renew its Directors and Officers 
liability insurance since March 2020. The insurance remains a concern and we are looking for alternatives. 

Collateral 

NTG has pledged its assets under a General Security Agreement ("GSA") as disclosed in Note 18(a). NTG did 
not hold collateral on December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures and Internal Controls over Financial Reporting 

The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness of the Corporation’s 
disclosure  controls  and  procedures  as  of  December  31,  2021  and  have  concluded  that  such  disclosure 
controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that material information relating 
to the Corporation or its subsidiaries is made known to them. 

In  contrast  to  the  certificate  required  for  non-venture  issuers  under  National  Instrument  52-109 
Certification  of  Disclosure  in  Issuers’  Annual  and  Interim  Filings  (NI  52-109),  this  Venture  Issuer  Basic 

20 

Certificate does not include representations relating to the establishment and maintenance of disclosure 
controls and procedures (DC&P) and internal control over financial reporting (ICFR), as defined in NI 52-
109. In particular, the certifying officers (CFO and CEO) filing the NI 52-109 certificate is not making any 
representations relating to the establishment and maintenance of: 

i)   controls and other procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to 
be disclosed by the issuer in its annual filings, interim filings or other reports filed or submitted under 
securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified 
in securities legislation; and 

ii)   a  process  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with the issuer’s GAAP (IFRS). 
The issuer’s certifying officers are responsible for ensuring that processes are in place to provide them with 
sufficient knowledge to support the representations they are making in the NI 52-109 certificate. Investors 
should be aware that inherent limitations on the ability of certifying officers of a venture issuer to design 
and implement on a cost-effective basis DC&P and ICFR as defined in NI 52- 109 may result in additional 
risks to the quality, reliability, transparency and timeliness of interim and annual filings and other reports 
provided under securities legislation. 

Standards issued but not yet effective 

As  of  April  11,  2022,  the  date  of  authorization  of  these  financial  statements,  certain  new  standards, 
amendments, and interpretations to existing IFRS standards have been published but are not yet effective 
and have not been adopted by the Corporation. All other standards were early adopted as explained in the 
prior year's financial statements. 

Management’s Statement of Responsibility  

The management of NTG  Clarity  Networks Inc. is responsible for  the preparation of the accompanying 
consolidated  financial  statements  and  the  preparation  and  presentation  of  information  in  the  Annual 
Report.  The  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International 
Financial Reporting Standards, and are considered by management to present fairly the financial position 
and operating results of the Corporation. 

The  Corporation  maintains  various  systems  of  internal  control  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  that 
transactions are properly authorized and recorded, that assets are safeguarded, and that financial reports 
are properly maintained to provide reliable financial statements. 

The  Corporation's  audit  committee  is  comprised  of  independent  directors  and  a  management 
representative and is appointed by the Board of Directors annually. The committee meets periodically with 
the Corporation's management and independent auditors to review the consolidated financial statements 
and  the  independent  auditors  report.  The  audit  committee  has  approved  the  consolidated  financial 
statements and reported its findings to the Board of Directors. 

The Corporation's independent auditors, NVS Professional Corporation, have examined the consolidated 
financial statements and their report follows. 

"Ashraf Zaghloul" 

Ashraf Zaghloul 
Chief Executive Officer   
April 11, 2022 

"Kristine Lewis" 

Kristine Lewis 
President  
April 11, 2022 

21 

  
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report 

To the Shareholders of 
NTG Clarity Networks Inc.: 

Report on the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements  

Opinion 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of NTG Clarity Networks Inc. and its subsidiaries (the 
"Corporation"), which comprise the consolidated statements of financial position as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 
2020, and the consolidated statements of profit and loss and comprehensive income, consolidated statements of changes in 
equity and consolidated statements of cash flows for the years then ended, and notes to the consolidated financial statements, 
including a summary of significant accounting policies. 

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated 
financial  position  of  the  Corporation  as  at  December  31,  2021  and  December  31,  2020,  and  its  consolidated  financial 
performance and its consolidated cash flows for the years then  ended in  accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards (IFRS). 

Basis for Opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Our responsibilities under those 
standards are further described in the Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements section 
of our report. We are independent of the Corporation in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our 
audit of the consolidated financial statements in Canada, and we have fulfilled our ethical responsibilities in accordance with 
these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our opinion. 

Material Uncertainty Related to Going Concern 

We draw attention to Note 2 in the consolidated financial statements, which indicates that the Corporation has attained a gain 
/ (loss) from operations of $1,363,958 (2020: $(1,098,618)) during the year ended December 31, 2021 and, as of that date, the 
Corporation has an accumulated deficit of $23,426,487 and current assets are less than current liabilities by a ratio of 1:1.93. 
As  stated  in  Note  2,  these  events  or  conditions,  along  with  other  matters  as  set  forth  in  Note  2,  indicate  that  a  material 
uncertainty exists that may cast significant doubt on the Corporation’s ability to continue as a going concern. Our opinion is not 
modified in respect of this matter. 

Other Information 
Management is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises: 

•  Management's Discussion and Analysis 
• 

The information, other than the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon, in the Annual Report. 

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not and will not express any form of 
assurance conclusion thereon. In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other 
information  identified  above  and,  in  doing  so,  consider  whether  the  other  information  is  materially  inconsistent  with  the 
financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 

We obtained Management's Discussion and Analysis prior to the date of this auditor's report. If, based on the work we have 
performed  on  this other  information, we conclude  that there is a material misstatement of this other  information,  we are 
required to report that fact in this auditor's report. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

22 

 
 
 
The Annual Report is expected to be made available to us after the date of the auditor's report. If, based on the work we will 
perform on this other information, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required 
to report that fact to those charged with governance. 

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance 
with IFRS, and for  such internal control as management determines  is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated 
financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In  preparing  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  management  is  responsible  for  assessing  the  Corporation’s  ability  to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of 
accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Corporation or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative 
but to do so. 

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Corporation’s financial reporting process. 

Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole are free 
from  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error,  and  to  issue  an  auditor’s  report  that  includes  our  opinion. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with Canadian 
generally accepted auditing standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from 
fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence 
the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated financial statements. 

As part of an audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards, we exercise professional judgment and 
maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also: 

• 

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or 
error, design and perform audit procedures responsive  to those risks, and obtain  audit  evidence that is sufficient and 
appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is 
higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, 
or the override of internal control. 

•  Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate 
in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Corporation’s internal 
control. 

• 

Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related 
disclosures made by management. 

•  Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit 
evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on 
the Corporation’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required 
to draw attention in our auditor’s  report to the related disclosures  in the consolidated financial statements or,  if such 
disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the 
date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Corporation to cease to continue as a 
going concern. 

23 

23 

 
 
 
 
 

Evaluate  the  overall  presentation,  structure,  and  content  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  including  the 
disclosures,  and  whether  the  consolidated  financial  statements  represent  the  underlying  transactions  and  events  in  a 
manner that achieves fair presentation. 

•  Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities within 
the Corporation to express  an opinion  on  the consolidated  financial statements. We are responsible for  the direction, 
supervision and performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.  

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the 
audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit. 

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements 
regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought 
to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards. 

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Sadik Najarali. 

NVS Professional Corporation 

NVS Professional Corporation 
Authorized to practice public accounting by 
the Chartered Professional Accountants of Ontario 

Markham, Ontario 
April 11, 2022 

24 

 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position 
(In Canadian Dollars) 
As at December 31, 
ASSETS 
Current assets 
 Cash and cash equivalents (Note 10) 
 Trade and other receivables (Note 11) 
 Bid/performance bonds (Note 13) 
 Prepaid expenses and deposits (Note 12) 

 Total current assets 

Non-current assets 
 Property, plant and equipment (Note 14) 
 Intangible assets (Note 15) 
 Right-of-use of assets (Note 16) 

 Total non-current assets 

Total Assets 

LIABILITIES 
Current liabilities 
 Bank indebtedness (Note 18) 
 Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (Note 17) 
 Current portion of leasehold liability (Note 16) 
 Deferred revenue 
 Loans payable (Note 25) 
 Current portion of long-term debt (Note 18) 
 Total current liabilities 

Non-current liabilities 
 Long-term debt (Note 18) (Note 26) 
 Leasehold liability (Note 16) 
 Total non-current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

SHAREHOLDER’S EQUITY 
 Capital stock (Note 20) 
 Contributed surplus (Note 21) 
 Foreign exchange account 
 Deficit 
 Total shareholders’ equity 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity 
Approved on behalf of the Board: 
"Ashraf Zaghloul" 
Director 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 2021 

2020

$

$

$

158,870 
3,747,046 
55,764 
64,446 

4,026,126 

183,294 
2,180,796 
100,490 

2,464,580 

145,224 
2,115,072 
60,233 
67,501 

2,388,029 

157,757 
860,636 
– 

1,018,393 

6,490,706 

$

3,406,422 

626,068 
6,540,227 
74,049 
– 
422,093 
120,750 
7,783,187 

6,587,326 
39,005 

6,626,331 

14,409,518 

13,561,986 
2,309,023 
(363,334) 
(23,426,487) 
(7,918,812) 

$

$

$

$

569,734 
7,360,079 
1,551 
133,797 
659,547 
– 
8,724,708 

 7,217,784 
– 

7,217,784 

15,942,492 

10,808,186 
1,809,523 
(357,204) 
(24,796,574) 
(12,536,069) 

$ 

6,490,706 

$

3,406,422 

"Kristine Lewis" 
Director 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 
For the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 
(In Canadian Dollars) 

Share 
Capital 

Contributed 

Surplus  

Deficit

Foreign 
Exchange 
Reserve 

Total
Shareholders’ 
Equity

Balance, January 1, 2020 

$ 10,148,186 $ 1,804,824 $ (23,164,121) $

(891,040)  $ (12,102,151)

Income from continuing operations 
Other comprehensive income  

–

–  

Share-based compensation (Note 20)  

           – 

Debt for share exchange (Note 20) 

660,000  

–  

(1,632,453) 

–

4,699

–

–

–

–  
533,836 
– 

– 

(1,632,453)

533,836

4,699

660,000

Balance, December 31, 2020 

$ 10,808,186 $ 1,809,523 $ (24,796,574) $

(357,204)  $ (12,536,069)

Income from continuing operations 
Other comprehensive income  

Share-based compensation (Note 21)  

Reallocation  of  contributed  surplus 
(Note 20) (Note 21)           

– 

– 

–  

–

           – 
310,800  

810,300
(310,800)  

Issuance of share capital (Note 20) 

443,000  

Debt for share exchange (Note 20) 

2,000,000  

–  

–

1,370,088 

–

–
– 

– 

–

–  
(6,130) 

– 
–  

–  
– 

1,370,088

(6,130)

810,300

–

443,000

2,000,000

Balance, December 31, 2021 

$ 13,561,986 $ 2,309,023 $ (23,426,487) $

(363,334)  $ (7,918,812)

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Consolidated Statements of Profit and Loss and Comprehensive Income 
 (In Canadian Dollars) 
For the years ended December 31, 

2021 

REVENUE (Note 7) 
COST OF SALES (Note 23) 

GROSS MARGIN 

OPERATING EXPENSES 
  Selling (Note 24) 
  General and administration (Note 24) 
  Loss on foreign exchange 

 Total operating expenses  
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS 

OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSES  
  Amortization (Note 15) 
  Depreciation (Note 14) (Note 16) 
  Government subsidy (Note 19) 
  Accretion (Note 19) 
  Provision for bad debts (Note 11) 
  Interest 
  (Gain) on sale of licenses (Note 29) 
  Share-based payments (Note 21) 
  Other income 

 Total other expenses 

INCOME (LOSS) FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 

Other comprehensive income: 
  Exchange gain (loss) arising on translation of foreign operations 

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) FOR THE YEAR 

Earnings (loss) per share (Note 9) 

  Basic 
  Diluted 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding 

  Basic 
  Diluted 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

$

$

$

$

$
$

2020 

7,906,989 
5,673,356 

2,233,633 

955,428 
2,353,089 
85,893 

3,394,410 
(1,160,777) 

$ 

– 
41,082 
(34,970) 
3,470 
339,602 
268,957 
(99,428) 
4,699 
(51,736) 

471,676 

$ 

11,895,943 
5,307,491 

6,588,452 

1,257,849 
2,440,239 
294,457 

3,992,545 
2,595,907 

131,222 
112,873 
– 
5,697 
21,524 
200,310 
– 
810,300 
(56,107) 

1,225,819 

1,370,088 

$ 

(1,632,453) 

(6,130) 

533,836 

1,363,958 

$ 

(1,098,617) 

0.01 
0.01 

$ 
$ 

(0.01) 
(0.01) 

147,472,355 
159,947,355 

  100,102,355 
  103,514,355 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the years ended December 31, 

Cash provided by (used in)  
OPERATING ACTIVITIES 
  Net income (loss) for the year 
   Add-Items not affecting cash: 
    Amortization (Note 15) 
    Depreciation (Note 14) 
    Interest expense 
    Share-based payment (Note 20) 
    Shares for debt issued (Note 20) 

Net change in non-cash working capital items, 
   Decrease (increase) in trades and other receivable 
   (Decrease) increase in deferred revenue 
   Increase in bid/performance bond 
   Decrease in prepaid expenses and deposits 
   (Decrease) increase in accounts payable and accrued 

liabilities 

   Increase (decrease) increase in leasehold liability 
   Increase (decrease) in loans payable 

TOTAL CASH IN-FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES 
  Advances from related parties 
  Proceeds from Loans (Note 18) 
  Increase (decrease) in long-term debt (Note 18) 
  Interest paid 
  Issuance of common shares (Note 20) 
  Increase in bank indebtedness (Note 18) 
  Lease payment (Note 16) 

TOTAL CASH (OUT-FLOW) FROM FINANCING 
ACTIVITIES 

INVESTING ACTIVITIES 
  Disposal of property, plant and equipment (Note 14) 
  (Additions) intangible assets (Note 15) 

TOTAL CASH (OUT-FLOW) FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES 

NET INCREASE IN CASH 

Cash balance, beginning of period 

Cash balance, end of period 

NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
(In Canadian Dollars) 

2021 

2020 

$ 

1,363,958 

$

(1,098,617) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

131,222 
112,873 
200,310 
810,300 
2,000,000 
4,618,663 

(1,631,974) 
(133,797) 
4,468 
3,055 
(819,852) 

(1,552) 
(237,454) 

1,801,557 

– 
161,000 
(670,708) 
(182,652) 
443,000 
56,334 
(46,472) 

$

$

$

$

– 
41,082 
268,957 
4,699 
660,000 
(123,879) 

464,872 
133,797 
25,442 
57,908 
619,040 

– 
659,547 

1,836,727 

(1,256,417) 
– 
117,072 
(268,957) 
– 
569,734 
(3,690) 

$ 

(239,498) 

$

(842,258) 

(97,032) 
(1,451,381) 

(1,548,413) 

$

13,646 

145,224 

158,870 

$

(19,676) 
(860,636) 

(880,313) 

114,156 

31,068 

145,224 

$ 

$ 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

1. 

CORPORATE INFORMATION 

NTG Clarity Networks Inc. (the “Corporation”) is domiciled in Canada and its shares are traded publicly 
on the TSX Venture Exchange under ticker symbol NCI.V. The Corporation is domiciled in Canada and 
was incorporated on May 15, 2001 under the laws of Alberta. The Corporation’s principal and registered 
office is Suite 202, 2820 14th Avenue, Markham, Ontario, L3R 0S9. 

The  Corporation  provides  network,  telecom,  IT  and  infrastructure  solutions  to  medium  and  large 
network service providers. The Corporation specializes in providing telecommunications engineering, 
networking and related software solutions and has developed niche software products directed at the 
telecom  service providers.  NTG  continues to offer  professional telecom  and IT services in the North 
American and Middle Eastern markets. 

The  telecom  industry  is  subject  to  rapid  and  substantial  technological  change  which  could  reduce 
marketability of the Corporation’s technology and services. 

Impact of COVID-19 
The  uncertainties  around  the  outbreak  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic  required  the  use  of  significant 
judgement  and  estimates. As  at  December  31,  2021,  the  Corporation  has  not  noted  any  significant 
impairment as a result of COVID-19. The uncertain future impact of COVID-19 could generate, in future 
reporting  periods,  a  significant  risk  of  material  adjustments  to  the  carrying  amount  of:  accounts 
receivable, property, plant & equipment, finite-life intangible assets, and government authorities’ loans 
and other loans. As an emerging risk, the duration and full financial effect of the COVID-19 pandemic is 
unknown at this time, and accordingly estimates of the extent to which the COVID-19 may materially 
and adversely affect the Corporation's consolidated financial condition, operations and consolidated 
financial results are subject to significant uncertainty. 

2.  GOING CONCERN 

The Corporation prepared consolidated financial statements on a going concern basis which presume 
the realization of assets and discharge of liabilities in a normal course of business for the foreseeable 
future. The Corporation’s ability to continue operations and to realize assets at their carrying values is 
dependent  upon  generating  revenues  sufficient  to  cover  its  operating  costs,  obtaining  additional 
financing aid and the continued support of its shareholders. 

As at December 31, 2021, the Corporation had a working capital deficit of $3,757,061 (2020: deficit of 
$6,336,679), Profit/(loss) from operations of $2,595,907 (2020: loss of $1,160,778), and accumulated 
losses since inception of $23,426,487 (2020: $24,796,575). 

The financial statements have been prepared under the assumption that the Corporation is a going 
concern and will continue to be in operation for the foreseeable future. 

3.  BASIS OF PRESENTATION 

The audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for 
certain financial instruments that have been measured at fair value. 

29 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

3.   BASIS OF PRESENTATION (cont’d) 

Statement of Compliance 
The audited consolidated financial statements of the Corporation have been prepared in accordance 
with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (IFRS)  as  issued  by  the  International  Accounting 
Standards  Board  (IASB),  London,  and  the  Interpretations  of  the  International  Financial  Reporting 
Interpretations Committee (IFRIC) and in effect at the closing date of April 11, 2022. 

Management of the Corporation prepared the consolidated financial statements of the Corporation 
during January and February 2022, and the Board of Directors approved them. The Audit Committee of 
the Corporation discussed the audited consolidated financial statements at its  meeting on April 11, 
2022, and the Board of Directors approved them at its meeting on April 11, 2022.  

The audited consolidated financial statements of the Corporation are presented in Canadian dollars. 
Amounts are stated in Canadian dollars except where otherwise indicated. The financial statements of 
the individual companies is prepared as of the closing date of the Corporation’s financial statements 
using the same accounting policies. 

In  the  audited  consolidated  statement  of  profit  and  loss  and  comprehensive  income,  consolidated 
statement of financial position, consolidated statement of cash flows, and consolidated statement of 
changes in equity, certain items are combined for the sake of clarity. These are explained within the 
notes. The consolidated statement of profit and loss and comprehensive income is prepared using the 
cost-of-sales method. Assets and liabilities are classified by maturity. They are regarded as current if 
they  mature  within  one  year  or  within  the  normal  business  cycle  of  the  Corporation.  The  normal 
business cycle is defined for this purpose as beginning with the procurement of the resources necessary 
for the production process and ending with the receipt of cash or cash equivalents as consideration for 
the sale of  the goods or services produced in  that process. Trade accounts receivable and payable, 
claims for tax refunds, and tax liabilities are always presented as current items; deferred tax assets and 
liabilities, if any, are presented as non- current items. Provisions (if any), debt and other liabilities are 
shown between current and non- current. 

4. 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

(a)  Basis of consolidation 

The audited consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of the Corporation 
and its subsidiaries as at December 31, 2021. 

The  subsidiaries  are  fully  consolidated  from  the  date  of  acquisition,  being  the date  on  which  the 
Corporation obtains control, and continues to be consolidated until the date that such control ceases. 
The financial statements of the subsidiary is prepared for the same reporting period as the parent 
corporation  using  consistent  accounting  policies.  All  intra-group  balances,  income  and  expenses, 
unrealized  gains  and  losses,  and  dividends  resulting  from  intra-group  transactions,  if  any,  are 
eliminated in full.  

A change in the ownership interest of a subsidiary, without a change of control, is accounted for as 
an equity transaction.  

30 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(a)  Basis of consolidation (cont’d) 

The subsidiary of the Corporation as of December 31, 2021 is its 95% owned subsidiary, NTG Egypt 
Advanced Software, and its wholly owned U.S. subsidiary, NTG Clarity Networks US Inc. 

(b)  Foreign currency transaction 

Translation to the presentation currency 

Each  entity  in  the  Corporation  determines  its  own  functional  currency  and  items  included  in  the 
financial  statements  of  each  entity  are  measured  using  that  functional  currency.  The  functional 
currency and the presentation currency of the parent entity is the Canadian dollar. Transactions in 
foreign  currencies  are  initially recorded  in respective  functional  currency  rates at  the  date  of  the 
transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the 
functional currency rate at the reporting date. Differences are taken to the statement of profit or loss 
and comprehensive income. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a 
foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates as at the dates of the initial transactions.  

The  functional  currency  of  the  subsidiary  NTG  Egypt  Advanced  is  the  Egyptian  pound,  and  the 
functional currency of the subsidiary NTG Clarity Networks US Inc. is the US Dollar. 

An entity may  present its financial statements in any currency (or  currencies).  If the presentation 
currency differs from the entity's functional currency, it translates its results and financial position 
into the presentation currency. For example, when a group contains individual entities with different 
functional currencies,  the results and financial position of each entity are expressed in a common 
currency so that consolidated financial statements may be presented.  

The  results  and  financial  position  of  an  entity  whose  functional  currency  is  not the  currency  of  a 
hyperinflationary  economy  shall  be  translated  into  a  different  presentation  currency  using  the 
following procedures: 

1.  Assets  and  liabilities  for  each  statement  of  financial  position  presented  (i.e.  including 
comparatives) shall be translated at the closing rate at the date of that statement of financial 
position; 
Income  and  expenses  for  each  statement  presenting  profit  or  loss  and  other  comprehensive 
income  (i.e.  including  comparatives)  shall  be  translated  at  exchange rates at  the  dates  of  the 
transactions; and 

2. 

3. 

 All resulting exchange differences shall be recognized in other comprehensive income. 

For practical reasons, a rate that approximates the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions, 
for  example an average rate for  the period, is often used to translate income and expense items. 
However,  if  exchange  rates  fluctuate  significantly,  the  use  of  the  average  rate  for  a  period  is 
inappropriate.  

31 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(b) Foreign currency transaction (cont'd) 

Translation to the presentation currency (cont’d) 

The exchange differences referred to in IAS 21.39(c) result from: 

1. 

2. 

 Translating income and expenses at the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions and assets 
and liabilities at the closing rate. 

 Translating the opening net assets at a closing rate that differs from the previous closing rate. 

These exchange differences are not recognized in profit or loss because the changes in exchange rates 
have little or no direct effect on the present and future cash flows from operations. The cumulative 
amount of the exchange differences is presented in a separate component of equity until disposal of 
the  foreign  operation.  When  the  exchange  differences  relate  to  a  foreign  operation  that  is 
consolidated but not wholly-owned, accumulated exchange differences arising from translation and 
attributable to non-controlling interests are allocated to, and recognized as part of, non-controlling 
interests in the consolidated statement of financial position. 

The  results  and  financial  position  of  an  entity  whose  functional  currency  is  the  currency  of  a 
hyperinflationary  economy  shall  be  translated  into  a  different  presentation  currency  using  the 
following procedures: 

1.  All amounts (i.e. assets, liabilities, equity items, income and expenses, including comparatives) 
shall  be  translated  at  the  closing  rate  at  the  date  of  the  most  recent  statement  of  financial 
position, except that 

2. 

 When  amounts  are  translated  into  the  currency  of  a  non-hyperinflationary  economy, 
comparative amounts shall be those that were presented as current year amounts in the relevant 
prior  year  financial statements (i.e. not adjusted  for  subsequent changes in the price level or 
subsequent changes in exchange rates). 

When an entity's functional currency is the currency of a hyperinflationary economy, the entity shall 
restate its financial statements in accordance with before applying the translation method set out in 
IAS  21.,  except  for  comparative  amounts  that  are  translated  into  a  currency  of  a  non- 
hyperinflationary economy (see IAS 21.42(b)). When the economy ceases to be hyperinflationary and 
the entity no longer restates its financial statements in accordance with IAS 29, it shall use as the 
historical costs for translation into the presentation currency the amounts restated to the price level 
at the date the entity ceased restating its financial statements. 

Translation of a foreign operation 

IAS  21.–47,  in  addition  to  IAS  21.–43,  apply  when  the  results  and  financial  position  of  a  foreign 
operation are translated into a presentation currency so that the foreign operation can be included 
in the financial statements of the reporting entity by consolidation or the equity method. 

32 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(b)  Foreign currency transaction (cont'd) 

Translation of a foreign operation (cont’d) 

The  incorporation  of  the  results  and  financial  position  of  a  foreign  operation  with  those  of  the 
reporting  entity  follows  normal  consolidation  procedures,  such  as  the  elimination  of  intra-group 
balances  and  intra-group  transactions  of  a  subsidiary  (see  Consolidated  Financial  Statements). 
However, an intra-group monetary asset (or liability), whether short-term or long-term, cannot be 
eliminated against the corresponding intra-group liability (or asset) without showing the results of 
currency fluctuations in the consolidated financial statements. This is because the monetary  item 
represents a commitment to convert one currency into another and exposes the reporting entity to 
a gain or loss through currency fluctuations. Accordingly, in the consolidated financial statements of 
the reporting entity, such an exchange difference is recognized in profit or loss or, if it arises from the 
circumstances described in IAS 21, it is recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated 
in a separate component of equity until the disposal of the foreign operation. 

When  the  financial  statements  of  a  foreign  operation  are as  of  a  date  different  from  that  of  the 
reporting entity, the foreign operation often prepares additional statements as of the same date as 
the reporting entity's financial statements. When this is not done, allows the use of a different date 
provided  that  the  difference  is  no  greater  than  three  months  and  adjustments  are  made  for  the 
effects of any significant transactions or other events that occur between the different dates.   

In such a case, the assets and liabilities of the foreign operation are translated at the exchange rate 
at the end of  the reporting period of the  foreign operation. Adjustments are made for  significant 
changes in exchange rates up to the end of the reporting period of the reporting entity in accordance 
with  IFRS  10.  The  same  approach  is  used  in  applying  the  equity  method  to  associates  and  joint 
ventures in accordance with.  

Any goodwill arising on the acquisition of a foreign operation and any fair value adjustments to the 
carrying amounts of assets and liabilities arising on the acquisition of that foreign operation shall be 
treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign operation. Thus they shall be expressed in the functional 
currency of the foreign operation and shall be translated at the closing rate in accordance with IAS 
21. and IAS 21.42. 

Disposal or partial disposal of a foreign operation 

On the disposal of a foreign operation, the cumulative amount of the exchange differences relating 
to  that  foreign  operation,  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income  and  accumulated  in  the 
separate component of equity, shall be reclassified from equity to profit or loss (as a reclassification 
adjustment)  when  the  gain  or  loss  on  disposal  is  recognized  (see  Presentation  of  Financial 
Statements). 

33 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(b)  Foreign currency translation (cont'd) 

Disposal or partial disposal of a foreign operation (cont’d) 

In addition to the disposal of an entity’s entire interest in a foreign operation, the following  partial 
disposals are accounted for as disposals: 

1.  When  the  partial  disposal  involves  the  loss  of  control  of  a  subsidiary  that  includes  a  foreign 
operation,  regardless  of  whether  the  entity  retains  a  non-controlling  interest  in  its  former 
subsidiary after the partial disposal; and 

2.  When the retained interest after the partial disposal of an interest in a joint arrangement or a 
partial disposal of an interest in an associate that includes a foreign operation is a financial asset 
that includes a foreign operation. 

On disposal of a subsidiary that includes a foreign operation, the cumulative amount of the exchange 
differences  relating  to  that  foreign  operation  that  have  been  attributed  to  the  non-  controlling 
interests shall be unrecognized, but shall not be reclassified to profit or loss. 

On the partial disposal of a subsidiary that includes a foreign operation, the entity shall re- attribute 
the proportionate share of the cumulative amount of the exchange differences recognized in other 
comprehensive income to the non-controlling interests in that foreign operation. In any other partial 
disposal of a foreign operation the entity shall reclassify to profit or loss only the proportionate share 
of the cumulative amount of the exchange differences recognized in other comprehensive income. 

A partial disposal of an entity's interest in a foreign operation is any reduction in an entity's ownership 
interest  in  a  foreign  operation,  except  those  reductions  in  paragraph  that  are  accounted  for  as 
disposals. 

An  entity  may  dispose  or  partially  dispose  of  its  interest  in  a  foreign  operation  through  sale, 
liquidation, repayment of share capital or abandonment of all, or part of, that entity. A write- down 
of  the  carrying  amount  of  a  foreign  operation,  either  because  of  its  own  losses  or  because  of  an 
impairment recognized by the investor, does not constitute a partial disposal. Accordingly, no part of 
the foreign exchange gain or loss recognized in other comprehensive income is reclassified to profit 
or loss at the time of a write-down.  

 (c)  Revenue Recognition 

The Corporation derives revenue from fees charged to customers for licenses for software products 
and professional services: support, consulting,  development, training, and other services. Some of 
the Corporation's software arrangements include product sales and professional services.  

If, for any of the Corporation's product or service offerings, the Corporation determines at the outset 
of  an  arrangement  that  the  amount  of  revenue  cannot  be  measured  reliably,  the  Corporation 
concludes that the inflow of economic benefits associated with the transaction is not probable and 
defers revenue until the arrangement fee becomes due and payable by the customer.  

34 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(c)  Revenue Recognition (cont'd) 

If, at the outset of an arrangement, it is determined that collectability is not probable, the Corporation 
concludes that the inflow of economic benefits associated with the transaction is not probable, and 
recognition  of  revenue  is  deferred  until  the  earlier  of  when  collectability  becomes  probable  or 
payment is received. If collectability becomes unlikely before all revenue from  an arrangement is 
recognized, revenue is recognized only to the extent of the fees that are successfully collected unless 
collectability  becomes  reasonably  assured  again.  If  a  customer  is  specifically  identified  as  a  bad 
debtor, the Corporation stops recognizing revenue from this customer except to the extent of the 
fees that have already been collected.  

Software revenue represents fees earned from the sale or license of software to customers for use 
on the customer’s premises, in other words, where the customer has the right to take possession of 
the software for installation on the customer’s premises (on-premise software). The fee of the sale is 
recognized  net  of  returns  and  allowances,  trade  discounts,  and  volume  rebates.  In  general,  the 
Corporation's  software  license  agreements  do  not  include  acceptance-testing  provisions.  If  an 
arrangement allows for customer acceptance-testing of the software, revenue is deferred until the 
earlier of customer acceptance or when the acceptance right lapses. The Corporation may enter into 
customer-specific on-premise software development agreements.  Software revenue in connection 
with  these  arrangements  is  recognized  using  the  percentage-of  completion  method  based  on 
contract costs incurred to date as a percentage of total estimated contract costs required to complete 
the  development  work.  If  there  is  no  sufficient  basis  to  reasonably  measure  the  progress  of 
completion or to estimate the total contract revenue and costs, revenue is recognized only to the 
extent of the contract costs incurred for  which recoverability is believed  to be  probable.  When it 
becomes that total contract costs exceed total contract revenue in an arrangement, the expected 
losses are recognized immediately as an expense based on the costs attributable to the contract.  

On-premise software may combine software and support service elements, as under these contracts 
the  customer  is  provided  with  current  software  products,  rights  to  receive  unspecified  future 
software  products,  and  rights  to  services  during  the  on-premise  software  subscription  term. 
Customers pay a periodic fee for a defined subscription term, and such fees are recognized ratably 
over the term of the arrangement beginning with the delivery of the first product. 

Support revenue represents fees earned from providing customers with unspecified future software 
updates,  upgrades,  and  enhancements,  and  technical  product  support  for  on-premise  software 
products. Support revenue is recognized based on the Corporation's performance under the support 
arrangements. Under the major support services the Corporation's performance obligation is to stand 
ready to provide technical product support and to provide unspecified updates and enhancements 
on a when and- if-available basis. For these support services revenue is recognized ratably over the 
term  of  the  support  arrangement.  Consulting  and  other  service  revenue  is  recognized  when  the 
services are performed. Consulting revenue primarily results from implementation contracts to install 
and  configure  our  software  products  and  offerings.    Other  service  revenue  consists  of  fees  from 
training services. Training services provide educational services to customers and partners regarding 
the use of our software products. Training revenue is recognized when the services are rendered.  

35 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(c)  Revenue Recognition (cont'd) 

Some arrangements contain multiple elements. Software, consulting and other service deliverables 
are accounted for as separate units of accounting and allocate revenue based on fair value. Fair value 
is determined by establishing either corporation-specific objective evidence, or an estimated stand-
alone  selling  price.  Revenue  from  multiple-element  arrangements  is  allocated  to  the  different 
elements  based  on  their  individual  fair  values.  The  revenue  amounts  allocated  to  the  individual 
elements are recognized when the revenue recognition criteria described above have been met for 
the respective element.  

The  Corporation  determines  the  fair  value  of  and  allocate  revenue  to  each  element  based  on  its 
corporation-specific objective evidence of fair value, which is the price charged when that element is 
sold separately or, for elements not yet sold separately, the price established by management if it is 
probable that the price will not change before the element is sold separately. 

Revenues from customers of Zaha Tech (Note 29) are recognized on a net basis, as the Corporation 
does not control the services provided by Zaha Tech to the end user. NTG invoices the customers of 
Zaha Tech, and retains a 10% administrative fee upon receipt of the funds from the customer. All 
liabilities of the contract lie with Zaha Tech and NTG holds no obligation for the performance of the 
contract. 

 (d) Taxes 

Current income tax 

Current  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  for  the  respective  and  prior  years  are  measured  at  the 
amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the Canadian taxation authorities. The tax rates 
and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, by 
the reporting date, in the country where the Corporation operates and generates taxable income. 

Current income tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is recognized in equity and not in 
the  statement  of  profit  and  loss  and  comprehensive  income.  Management  periodically  evaluates 
positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are 
subject  to  interpretation  and  establishes  provisions  where  appropriate  in accordance  with  IAS 37 
Provisions, Contingent Liabilities, and Contingent Assets. 

Deferred tax 

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences at the reporting date 
between  the  tax  bases  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  their  carrying  amounts  for  financial  reporting 
purposes. 

Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences, except: 

•  Where  the  deferred  tax  liability  arises  from  an  asset  or  liability  in  a  transaction  that  is  not  a 
business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit 
nor taxable profit or loss. 

36 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(d)  Taxes (cont'd) 

Deferred tax (cont’d) 

• 

In respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in the subsidiary where 
the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that 
the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 

Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences, carry forward of unused 
tax credits and unused tax losses, to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available 
against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and 
unused tax losses can be utilized, except: 

•  Where the deferred tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from  the 
initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, 
at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss. 

• 

In  respect  of  deductible  temporary  differences  associated  with  investments  in  the  subsidiary, 
deferred  tax  assets  are recognized  only  to  the  extent  that  it  is  probable  that    the  temporary 
differences will reverse in the foreseeable future and taxable profit will be available against which 
the temporary differences can be utilized. 

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the 
extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part 
of the deferred tax asset to be utilized.  

Unrecognized deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and are recognized to the 
extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be 
recovered. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the 
period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates and tax laws that have 
been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. 

Deferred tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized outside profit or  loss. 
Deferred  tax  items  are  recognized  in  correlation  to  the  underlying  transaction  either  in  other 
comprehensive income or directly in equity. 

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to  set off 
current  tax  assets  against  current  income  tax  liabilities  and  the  deferred  tax  relates  to  the  same 
taxable entity and the same taxation authority.  

37 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(d)  Taxes (cont'd) 

Sales tax 

Revenues, expenses, liabilities and assets are recognized net of the amount of sales tax except: 

•  Where  the  sales  tax  incurred  on  a  purchase  of  assets  or  services  is  not  recoverable  from  the 
taxation authority, in which case the sales tax is recognized as part of the cost of acquisition of 
the asset or as part of the expense item as applicable. 

•  Receivables and payables that are stated with the amount of sales tax included. 

The net amount of sales tax recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority is included as part 
of receivables or payables in the statement of financial position. 

 (e) Government grants and assistance and investment tax credit 

Government  grants  and assistance  are  recognized  where  there  is  reasonable  assurance  that  the 
grant or assistance will be received and all attached conditions will be complied with. When the 
grant or assistance relates to an expense item, it is recognized as income over the period necessary 
to match the grant or assistance on a systematic basis to the costs that it is intended to compensate. 
Where the grant relates to an asset, it reduces the carrying amount of the asset. The grant is then 
recognized as income over the useful life of a depreciable asset by way of a reduced depreciation 
charge. When government assistance is received which relates to expenses of future periods, the 
amount is deferred and amortized to income as the related expenditures are incurred.  

 (f)  Financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized when the Corporation becomes party to the 
contractual provisions of the financial instrument. 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transactions costs that 
are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial instruments classified as amortized 
costs or FVTOCI are included with the carrying amount of such instruments. 

Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of the financial instruments 
classified as fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL) are recognized immediately in the profit or 
loss within the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. 

 (i)  Financial assets 

The Corporation classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories: those to 
be  measured  at  amortized  cost  and  those  to  be  measured  subsequently  at  fair  value  (either 
through  other  comprehensive  income  (FVTOCI),  or  through  profit  or  loss  (FVTPL)).  The 
classification depends on the entity’s business model for managing the financial assets and the 
contractual terms of cash flows. 

38 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

 (f)  Financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement (cont'd) 

(i)  Financial assets (cont’d) 

Financial assets at amortized cost 

Financial  assets  that  meet  the  following  conditions  are  measured  at  amortized  cost  less 
impairment losses: the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold 
financial assets in order to collect contractual cash-flows; the contractual terms of the financial 
asset give rise on specific dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest 
on the principal amount outstanding; and the financial asset was not acquired principally for the 
purpose of selling in the near term or for short-term profit making (held-for-trading). 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) 

All other financial assets, except equity and debt instruments as described below, are remeasured 
at fair value and classified as fair value through profit or loss. The gains or losses, if any, arising 
on remeasurement of FVTPL are recognized in profit or loss within the consolidated statements 
of comprehensive income. 

The method of measurement of instruments in debt instruments will depend on the business 
model in which the instrument is held. For instruments in equity instruments, it will depend on 
whether the Corporation has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to 
account for the equity instrument at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI). 
Financial assets with embedded derivatives are considered in their entirety when determining 
whether their cash flows are solely payment of principal and interest. 

 (ii)  Financial liabilities 

Financial liabilities are classified as FVTPL when the financial liability is either held-for-trading or 
is  designated  at  FVTPL.  Financial  liabilities  at  FVTPL  are  remeasured  in  subsequent  reporting 
periods at fair value. Any gains or losses arising on remeasurement of held for trading financial 
liabilities are recognized in profit or loss within the consolidated statements of comprehensive 
income. Such gains or losses recognized in profit or loss includes any interest paid on the financial 
liabilities.  

Financial liabilities that are not held for trading and are not designated as FVTPL are measured at 
amortized cost. The carrying amounts of financial liabilities that are measured at amortized cost 
are determined based on the effective interest rate method. The effective interest method is a 
method of calculating the amortized cost of a financial liability (or financial asset) and of allocating 
interest expense (or income) over the expected life of the financial liability (or financial asset). All 
financial assets and financial liabilities held by the Corporation are measured at amortized cost.  

39 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(f)  Financial instruments - initial recognition and subsequent measurement (cont'd) 

(ii)  Financial liabilities (cont’d) 

Impairment 

The Corporation assesses on a forward-looking basis, the expected credit losses associated with 
its assets carried at amortized cost and FVTOCI. The impairment methodology applied depends 
on whether  there has been a significant increase in credit risk.  For trade receivables only, the 
Corporation  applies  the  simplified  approach  permitted  by  IFRS  9,  which  requires  expected 
lifetime losses to be recognized from initial recognition of the receivables. 

The Corporation has applied IFRS 9 retrospectively, but has elected not to restate comparative 
information as there is no impact on the financial statements of the Corporation from adopting 
IFRS  9.  As  a  result,  the  comparative  information  provided  continues  to  be  accounted  for  in 
accordance  with  the  Corporation’s  previous  accounting  policy  which  reflects  the  same 
measurement of IFRS 9. 

The accounting policies were changed to comply with the full requirements of IFRS 9 as issued by 
the IASB. IFRS 9 replaces the provisions of IAS 39 that relate to the recognition, classification and 
measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities; derecognition of financial instruments; 
impairment  of  financial  assets  and  hedge  accounting.  IFRS  9  also  significantly  amends  other 
standards dealing  with financial instruments such as IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures. 
The  total  impact  on  retained  earnings  due  to  classification  and  measurement  of  financial 
instruments as at January 1, 2016 and the date of these financial statements was Nil.  

 (iii)  Offsetting of financial instruments 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the statement 
of  financial  position  if,  and  only  if,  there  is  a  currently  enforceable  legal  right  to  offset  the 
recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, or to realize the assets and 
settle the liabilities simultaneously. 

 (g) Compound instruments 

The  component  parts  of  compound  instruments  (e.g.,  debt  issued  with  warrants)  issued  by  the 
Corporation  are  classified  separately  as  financial  liabilities  and  equity  in  accordance  with  the 
substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity 
instrument.  At  the  date  of  issue,  the  fair  value  of  the  liability  component  is  estimated  using  the 
prevailing market interest rate for similar debt without warrants. This amount is recorded as a liability 
on  the  amortized  cost  basis  using  the  effective  interest  method  until  extinguished  or  at    the 
instrument’s maturity date.  

The warrants classified as equity are determined by deducting the amount of the liability component 
from the fair value of the instrument as a whole. This is recognized and included in equity and is not 
subsequently remeasured.  

40 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(g)  Compound instruments (cont’d) 

Warrants classified as equity will remain in equity until the conversion option is exercised, in which 
case the balance recognized in equity will be transferred to common shares within equity. When the 
warrants  remain  unexercised  at  their  maturity  date,  the  balance  recognized  in  equity  will  be 
transferred  to  retained  earnings  or  deficit.  No  gain  or  loss  is  recognized  in  profit  or  loss  upon 
conversion or expiration of the warrants.  

Transaction costs that relate to the issue of the instruments are allocated to the liability and equity 
components in proportion to the allocation of the gross proceeds. Transaction costs relating to the 
equity  component  are  recognized  directly  in  equity.  Transaction  costs  relating  to  the  liability 
component are included in the carrying amount of the liability component and are amortized over 
the life of the debt using the effective interest method.  

 (h)  Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting 

The Corporation has not entered into any derivative financial instruments and has not applied hedge 
accounting for the years ending December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. 

 (i)  Treasury shares 

Own equity instruments which are reacquired (treasury shares) are recognized at cost and deducted 
from  equity. No gain or loss is recognized in the statement of  profit and loss and comprehensive 
income on the purchase, sale, issue, or cancellation of the Corporation’s own equity instruments. Any 
difference between the carrying amount and the consideration is recognized in capital reserves. 

(j)  Property and equipment 

Property  and  equipment  is  stated  at  cost,  net  of  accumulated  depreciation  and  accumulated 
impairment losses (if any). Such cost includes the cost of replacing part of the property and equipment 
and borrowing costs for long-term construction projects if the recognition criterion are met. When 
significant parts of property and equipment are required to be replaced in intervals, the Corporation 
recognizes such parts as individual assets with specific useful lives and depreciation, respectively. 

Likewise, when a major inspection is performed, its cost is recognized in the carrying amount of the 
property and equipment as a replacement if the recognition criteria are satisfied. All other repair and 
maintenance costs are recognized in the statement of profit and loss and comprehensive income as 
incurred. The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of the asset, if any, after 
its use is included in the cost of the respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision are met. 

41 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(j)  Property and equipment (cont’d) 

Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the asset as follows: 

Computer software  
Computer equipment  
Office equipment  
Leasehold improvements  

Straight-line 1-2 years 
Straight-line 2-4 years 
Straight-line 4-10 years 
Straight-line over the lesser of the expected term of the 
lease or the useful life of the asset  

An item of property and equipment and any significant part initially recognized is derecognized upon 
disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use. Any gain or loss arising on 
derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the 
carrying  amount  of  the  asset)  is  included  in  the  statement  of  profit  and  loss  and  comprehensive 
income when the asset is derecognized. 

The assets’ residual values, useful lives, and methods of depreciation are reviewed at each financial 
year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate. 

(k)  Leases 

Finance leases, which transfer to the Corporation substantially all the risks and benefits incidental to 
ownership of the leased item, are capitalized at the commencement of the lease at the fair value of 
the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments 
are  apportioned  between  finance  charges  and  reduction  of  the  lease  liability  so  as  to  achieve  a 
constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are recognized in 
the statement of profit and loss and comprehensive income.  

Leased assets are depreciated over  the useful life of the asset. However,  if there is no reasonable 
certainty  that  the  Corporation  will  obtain  ownership  by  the  end  of  the  lease  term,  the  asset  is 
depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease term. For the years 
December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Corporation did not hold any finance leases. 

Operating  lease  payments  are  recognized  as  an  expense  in  the  statement  of  profit  and  loss  and 
comprehensive income on a straight-line basis over the lease term.  

 (l)  Borrowing costs 

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction, or production of an asset that 
necessarily takes a substantial year of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as 
part of the cost of  the respective assets.  All other  borrowing  costs are expensed in the year  they 
occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that the Corporation incurs in connection 
with the borrowing of funds. For the years ending December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the 
Corporation did not capitalize any borrowing cost. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

 (m) Intangible assets 

Intangible  assets  acquired separately  are measured  on  initial  recognition at  cost.  Following  initial 
recognition,  intangible  assets  are  carried  at  cost  less  any  accumulated  amortization  and  any 
accumulated impairment losses. Certain internally generated intangible assets are capitalized, as they 
meet the criterion under IAS 38. 

(n)  Inventories 

Inventories are measured at the lower  of cost and net realizable value.  Net realizable value is the 
estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and 
the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. 

(o)  Product development costs 

Research and product development costs include out-of-pocket cost and direct overhead. Research 
costs are expensed as incurred.  Product development costs are expensed as incurred unless they 
meet the IAS 38 criterion for deferral and amortization. 

Development  activities  involve  a  plan  or  design  for  the  production  of  a  new  core  of  substantially 
improved products and processes. Development expenditure is capitalized only if development costs 
can  be  measured  reliably,  the  product  or  process  is  technically  and  commercially  feasible,  future 
economic  benefits  are  probable,  and  the  Corporation  intends  to  and  has  sufficient  resources  to 
complete development and to use or sell the asset. The expenditure capitalized includes the cost of 
materials, direct labour and overhead costs that are directly attributable to preparing the asset for 
its intended use. All other development expenditure is recognized in statement of profit and loss and 
comprehensive income as incurred.  

Capitalized  development  costs  (intangible  asset)  with  finite  useful  lives  are  amortized  over  their 
estimated useful lives. The amortization methods and estimated useful lives of intangible assets are 
reviewed annually. Intangible assets are tested for impairment as required by IAS 38 and IAS 36 if 
there are indicators of impairment. If any such indication exists, the asset’s recoverable amount is 
estimated. An impairment loss is recognized whenever the carrying amount of the intangible assets 
or the cash-generating unit exceeds their recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognized in 
the statements of comprehensive income. Amortization is provided on a straight-line basis over 10 
years. 

 (p) Impairment of non-financial assets 

The Corporation assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset or cash 
generating unit (CGU) may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing 
for an asset is required, the Corporation estimates the asset’s (CGU) recoverable amount. An asset’s 
(CGU) recoverable amount is the higher of its fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. 
Where  the  carrying amount  of  an  asset  exceeds  its  recoverable  amount,  the  asset  is  considered 
impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.  

43 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(p)  Impairment of non-financial assets (cont'd)  

In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using 
a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the 
risks  specific  to  the  asset  or  cash-generating  unit  (CGU).  In  determining  fair  value  less  costs  of 
disposal, an appropriate valuation model is used. The Corporation has cash- generating units which 
impairment  could  be  tested  against.  The  Corporation  had  no  goodwill  or  indefinite  life  intangible 
assets for the years ending December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.  

Impairment losses of continuing operations are recognized in the statement of profit and loss and 
comprehensive income in those expense categories consistent with the function and nature of the 
impaired asset. 

For non-financial assets, an assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any 
indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. 
If such indication exists, the Corporation estimates the non-financial asset’s or cash- generating unit’s 
recoverable amount.  

A  previously  recognized  impairment  loss  is  reversed  only  if  there  has  been  a  change  in  the 
assumptions  used  to  determine  the  non-financial  asset’s  recoverable  amount  since  the  last 
impairment loss was recognized. 

The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the non-financial asset does not exceed its 
recoverable  amount,  nor  exceed  the  carrying  amount  that  would  have  been  determined,  net  of 
depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognized for  the non-financial asset in prior periods. 
Such reversal is recognized in the statement of profit and loss and comprehensive income.  

 (q) Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents in the statement of financial position comprise cash at banks and on hand 
and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less. The Corporation uses the 
indirect method of reporting cash flow from operating activities. 

 (r)  Provisions 

Provisions are recognized when the Corporation has a present obligation, legal or constructive, as a 
result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will 
be  required  to  settle  the  obligation,  and  a  reliable  estimate  can  be  made  of  the  amount  of  the 
obligation. Where the Corporation expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed, for example 
under an insurance contract, the reimbursement is recognized as a separate asset but only when the 
reimbursement is virtually certain.  

The  expense  relating  to  any  provision  is  presented  in  the  statement  of  profit  and  loss  and 
comprehensive income net of any reimbursement. If the effect of the time value of money is material, 
provisions  are  discounted  using  a  current  pre-tax  rate  that  reflects,  where  appropriate,  the  risks 
specific to the liability. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of 
time is recognized as a finance cost. 

44 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

4.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (cont’d) 

(r)  Provisions (cont’d) 

A  provision  for  warranties  is  recognized  when  the  underlying  products  or  services  are  sold.  The 
provision is based on the expected warranty data and an expected weighting of all possible outcome 
against their associated probabilities.  

A provision for restructuring is recognized when the Corporation has approved a detailed and formal 
restructuring plan, and the restructuring either has commenced or has been announced publicly. No 
provision is made for future operating losses. 

A provision for  onerous contracts is recognized when the expected benefits  to  be derived by the 
Corporation from a contract are lower than the unavoidable cost of meeting its obligation under the 
contract.  The  provision  is  measured  at  the  present  value  of  the  lower  of  the  expected  cost  of 
terminating the contract and the expected cost net cost of continuing with the contract. 

Before  a  provision  is  established,  the  Corporation  recognizes  any  impairment  loss  on  the  asset 
associated with the contract. 

(s)  Basic and diluted earnings per share 

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the income for the year by the weighted average 
number  of  common  shares  outstanding  during  the year.  The Corporation  uses the  treasury  stock 
method  for  calculating  the  dilutive  effect  of  the  outstanding  stock  options  and    other  dilutive 
securities.  Under  the  treasury  stock  method,  the  weighted  average  number  of  common  shares 
outstanding used for the calculation of diluted income per share assumes that the proceeds to be 
received  on  the  exercise  of  dilutive  share  options  are  used  to  repurchase  common  shares at  the 
average market price during the year.  

 (t)  Share-based compensation 

The Corporation has a share-based compensation plan. The Corporation accounts for  share-based 
compensation options granted to employees and consultants using the fair value method. Under this 
method, compensation expense for share-based compensation granted is measured at the fair value 
at the grant date, using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. In accordance with the fair value 
method,  the  Corporation  recognizes  estimated  compensation  expense  related  to  share-  based 
compensation over the vesting period of the options granted, with the related credit being charged 
to capital reserves. Consideration paid by employees on the exercise of share-based compensation is 
recorded  as  capital  stock  and  the  related  share-based  compensation  is  transferred  from  capital 
reserves to capital stock.  

5. 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS, ESTIMATES, AND ASSUMPTIONS 

The preparation of the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements requires management to make 
judgments,  estimates,  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues,  expenses, 
assets,  and  liabilities,  and  the  disclosure  of  contingent  liabilities, at  the  end  of  the  reporting  years. 
However, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a 
material adjustment to the carrying amount of the asset or liability affected in future years. 

45 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

5.   SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS, ESTIMATES, AND ASSUMPTIONS (cont’d) 

In the process of applying the Corporation’s accounting policies, management has made the following 
judgments,  which  has  the  most  significant  effect  on  the  amounts  recognized  in  the  consolidated 
financial statements. 

Revenues 

The Corporation derives revenue from fees charged to customers for  licenses for  software products 
and for professional services (support, consulting, development, training, etc.). Some of the software 
arrangements  may  contain  multiple  elements  (product  sales  and  professional  services).  The 
Corporation  accounts  for  software,  consulting  and  other  service  deliverables  as  separate  units  of 
accounting and allocate revenue based on their individual fair values. The revenue amounts allocated 
to the individual elements are recognized when the revenue recognition criteria have been met for the 
respective element. When services are essential to the functionality of the software, the software does 
not have standalone value and is combined with the essential services as a single element. 

Unbilled revenues 

Unbilled revenue is revenue which had been earned and therefore recognized in compliance with IFRS, 
but which has not been billed to the client(s) due to contract terms and/or billing cycle. Revenue can 
be recognized for projects based on time and materials, for professional services or on a percentage of 
completion basis for product implementation and support. Both can result in unbilled revenue until the 
customer is invoiced.  

Impairment of non-financial assets 

Impairment exists when the carrying value of a non-financial asset or cash-generating unit exceeds its 
recoverable amount, which is the higher of its fair value less costs to sell and its value in use. The value 
in  use  calculation  is  based  on  a  discounted  cash  flow  model.  The  cash  flows  are  derived  from  the 
Corporation’s budget and do not include restructuring activities, if any, that the Corporation is not yet 
committed to or significant future investments that will enhance the non- financial asset’s performance 
of the cash-generating unit being tested. The recoverable amount is most sensitive to the discount rate 
used for the discounted cash flow model as well as the expected future cash-inflows and the growth 
rate used for extrapolation purposes. The key assumptions used to determine the recoverable amount 
for the different cash-generating units may include a sensitivity analysis. 

Taxes 

Uncertainties exist with respect to the interpretation of complex tax regulations and the amount and 
timing of future taxable income. Given the range of business relationships and the long-term nature of 
existing contractual agreements, differences arising between the actual results and the assumptions 
made, or future changes to such assumptions, could necessitate future adjustments to tax income and 
expense already recorded. The Corporation may establish provisions, based on reasonable estimates, 
for possible consequences of audits by the tax authorities. The amount of such provisions is based on 
various factors, such as experience of previous tax audits and differing interpretations of tax regulations 
by the taxable entity and the responsible tax authority. Deferred tax assets, if any, are recognized for 
all unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which 
the losses can be utilized.  

46 

 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

5.   SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS, ESTIMATES, AND ASSUMPTIONS (cont’d) 

Taxes (cont’d) 

Significant management judgment is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can 
be recognized, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits together with future 
tax planning strategies.  

Share-based compensation 

The  Corporation  has  a  share-based  compensation  plan.  The  Corporation  accounts  for  share-based 
compensation options granted to employees and consultants using the fair value method determined 
using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. The estimated compensation expense related to share-
based  compensation  is  recognized  over  the  vesting  period  of  the  options granted,  with  the  related 
credit being charged to contributed surplus. Consideration paid by employees on the exercise of share-
based  compensation  is  recorded  as  capital  stock  and  the  related  share-based  compensation  is 
transferred from capital reserves to capital stock.  

Fair value of financial instruments 

Where the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the statement of financial 
position  cannot  be  derived  from  active  markets,  they  are  determined  using  valuation  techniques 
including  the  discounted  cash  flows  model.  The  inputs  to  these  models  are  taken  from  observable 
markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgment is required in establishing 
fair  values.  The  judgments  include  considerations  of  inputs  such  as  liquidity  risk,  credit  risk,  and 
volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial 
instruments.  

Useful life of an intangible asset 

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their expected useful life 
once the asset is available for  use. Many factors are considered in determining the useful life of an 
intangible  asset,  including  technical,  technological,  commercial  or  other  types  of  obsolescence  and 
typical product life cycles for the asset. Changes to the expected useful life of an asset is accounted for 
prospectively.  

Treatment of development costs 

Costs  to  develop  products  are  capitalized  to  the  extent  that  the  criteria  are met  for  recognition  as 
intangible assets in accordance with IAS 38. Such criteria require that the product is technically and 
economically feasible, the Company has the intention and ability to use the asset, and that the asset 
will generate future benefits to the Company.  

Management  assessed  the  capitalization  of  development  costs  based  on  the  attributes  of  each 
development project, perceived user needs, industry trends and expected future economic conditions. 
Management  considers  these  factors  in  aggregate  and  applies  significant  judgment  to  determine 
whether the product is technically and economically feasible.  

47 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

6. 

STANDARDS ISSUED BUT NOT YET EFFECTIVE 

As at April 11, 2022,  the date of authorization of these financial statements, certain new standards, 
amendments,  and  interpretations  to  existing  IFRS  standards  have  been  published  but  are  not  yet 
effective and have not been adopted by the Corporation. All other standards were early adopted as 
explained in the prior year’s financial statements. 

7.  OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION 

For  management  purposes,  the  Corporation  is  organized  into  two  operating  segments.  The 
Corporation's chief decision makers; the Chief Executive Officer, the President and the Chief Financial 
Officer, tracks the Corporation's operations by country. 

These country segments represent the Corporation’s reportable operating segments, which are used 
to manage the business. The Corporation analyses the segments based on expenditures and revenue 
growth. Statement of profit and loss for the year ending December 31, performance of its operating 
segments based on expenditures and revenue growth. 

Statement of profit and loss for the year ending December 31, 2021 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 

Gross margin 

Expenses 
Depreciation / Amortization 
Other income 
Accretion 
Exchange gain (loss) arising on translation  

NTG Canada 

9,160,608  $  
3,691,305 

NTG Egypt 
2,735,335 
1,616,186 

$ 

Consolidated 
Total 
11,895,943 
5,307,491 

5,469,303  $ 

1,119,149  $ 

6,588,452 

$ 

$ 

(4,066,114) 
(192,207) 
– 
(5,697) 
– 

(958,565) 
(51,888) 
56,107 
– 
(6,130) 

(5,024,679) 
(244,095) 
56,107 
(5,697) 
(6,130) 

Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year 

$ 

1,205,285  $ 

158,673  $ 

1,363,958 

Statement of profit and loss for the year ending December 31, 2020 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 

Gross margin 

Expenses 
Depreciation / Amortization 
Gain on sale of licenses to Zaha Tech 
Other income 
Accretion 
Exchange gain (loss) arising on translation  

NTG Canada 

5,812,568  $  
3,978,860 

NTG Egypt 
2,094,422 
1,694,496 

Consolidated 
Total 
7,906,989 
5,673,356 

$ 

1,833,708  $ 

399,926  $ 

2,233,634 

$ 

$ 

(3,492,640) 
(22,968) 
– 
34,970 
(3,470) 
– 

(515,029) 
(18,114) 
99,428 
51,736 
– 
533,836 

(4,007,669) 
(41,082) 
99,428 
86,706 
(3,470) 
533,836 

Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year 

$ 

(1,650,400)  $ 

551,783  $ 

(1,098,617) 

All of the Corporation’s assets are located in Canada and the Middle East. 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

7.   OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION (cont’d) 

Long term asset additions for the year ended December 31, 2021 

Asset additions for the year ending December 31, 
2021 

Property and equipment (Note 14) 
Intangible assets (Note 15) 

NTG Canada 

NTG Egypt 

Consolidated 
Total 

$ 

$ 

6,047  $ 

1,451,381 

90,985  $ 
– 

97,032 
1,451,381 

1,457,428  $ 

90,985  $ 

1,548,413 

Long term asset additions for the year ended December 31, 2020 

Asset additions for the year ending December 31, 
2020 

Property and equipment (Note 14) 
Intangible assets (Note 15) 

NTG Canada 

NTG Egypt 

Consolidated 
Total 

$ 

$ 

2,423  $ 

860,636 

17,254  $ 
– 

19,677 
860,636 

863,059  $ 

17,254  $ 

880,313 

Long term assets for the year ended December 31, 2021 

Assets as at December 31, 2021 

Property and equipment 
Intangible assets 

NTG Canada 

NTG Egypt 

Consolidated 
Total 

$ 

$ 

38,750  $ 

144,544  $ 

2,180,796 

– 

183,294 
2,180,796 

2,219,546  $ 

144,544  $ 

2,364,090 

Long term assets for the year ended December 31, 2020 

Assets as at December 31, 2020 

Property and equipment 
Intangible assets 

NTG Canada 

NTG Egypt 

Consolidated 
Total 

$ 

$ 

52,311  $ 
860,636 

105,446  $ 

– 

157,757 
860,636 

912,947  $ 

105,446  $ 

1,018,393 

The Corporation determines the geographic location of revenues based on the location of its customers. 

Sales by geographic location for the year ending December 31, 

North America 
Iraq 
Saudi Arabia 
Egypt 
Oman 

Kuwait 

2021 

465,289  $ 

1,203,360 
6,855,465 
2,735,335  $ 
636,494  $ 

2020 

94,260 
– 
4,833,090 
2,094,422 
854,765 

–  $ 

30,452 

11,895,943  $ 

7,906,989 

$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 

$ 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

7.   OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION (cont’d) 

In the past, the majority of the Corporation’s revenue is derived from the telecommunication industry. 
In  2021,  the  Corporation  has  been  working  within  the  IT  field  in  the  banking  industry.  In  2021, 
approximately 35% (2020: 29%) of the Corporation’s revenue was derived from two customer (2020: 
one customer). 

Receivables by segment for the year ending December 31, 

Canada 

Egypt 

2021 

2,595,374 

1,151,672 

3,747,046 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2020 

1,109,826 

1,005,245 

2,115,071 

$ 

$ 

$ 

As  at  December  31,  2021,  approximately  34%  (2020:  25%)  of  the  Corporation’s  trade  accounts 
receivable balance was from one customer. 

Payables by segment for the year ending December 31, 

2021 

2020 

Canada 

Egypt 

Bank indebtedness by segment for the year ending December 31, 

Canada 

Egypt 

8. 

INCOME TAXES 

$ 

$ 

5,819,456 

$ 

6,768,529 

720,771 

591,549 

6,540,227 

$ 

7,360,079 

2021 

– 

626,068 

$ 

626,068  $ 

2020 

– 

569,734 

569,734 

The following is a reconciliation of the taxable losses for the years ended as indicated. 

NTG Clarity Networks Inc. 

As at December 31, 

 2021 

 2020 

 Gain / (loss) before income taxes 

$ 

1,205,285 

$ 

(1,650,400) 

 Income tax (recovery) at the combined Canadian federal 
and provincial tax rate of 26.5% 

319,401 

(437,356) 

Non-deductible share-based payments 

Intercompany expenses 

Depreciation/amortization of PPE and intangibles 

Non-deductible meals & entertainment expenses 

Income tax (recovery) not probable to be utilized 

214,730 

(244,053) 

33,774 

13,657 

(337,509) 

Income tax (recovery) recognized on the statement of 
comprehensive income 

$ 

 – 

$ 

1,245 

– 

10,887 

14,322 

410,902 

 – 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

8.  

INCOME TAXES (cont’d) 

NTG Egypt Advanced Software 

As at December 31, 

 2021 

 2020 

Income (loss) before income taxes 

$   

164,803 

$   

17,947 

Income tax (recovery) at the combined Egyptian federal 
and provincial tax rate of 22.5% 

Income tax (recovery) not probable to be utilized 

Income tax (recovery) recognized on the statement of 
comprehensive income 

37,081 

(37,081) 

4,038 

(4,038) 

$  

              – 

$  

             – 

The Corporation also has the following unrecognized deferred income tax assets for the years ended as 
indicated. However, they were not recognized on the statements of financial position because it was 
not probably that they would be utilized. 

As at December 31, 

Deferred tax asset in relation to: 

 Property and equipment 

 Non-capital loss carry-forwards 

Deferred tax assets not recognized 

Less: Valuation allowance 

Deferred tax asset recognized 

 2021 

 2020 

$ 

43,133 

$ 

161,708 

4,375,903 

4,419,036 

4,419,036 

4,716,990 

4,878,698 

4,878,698 

$ 

36,34 – 

$ 

36,34 – 

The Corporation has available income tax losses in the amounts of $16,512,842 for the Canadian federal 
and provincial tax purposes which may be carried forward to reduce future years’ taxable income which 
expire as follows: 
2037 
2039 
2040 

$ 

7,995,688 
6,834,650 
1,682,504 
16,512,842 

$ 

9. 

EARNINGS PER SHARE 

Basic earnings  per share amounts are calculated by dividing  net income for  the year  attributable to 
ordinary equity holders of the parent by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding 
during the year. 

Diluted earnings per share amounts are calculated by dividing the net income attributable to ordinary 
equity holders of the parent by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during 
the  year  plus  the  weighted  average  number  of  common  shares,  if  any,  that  would  be  issued  on 
conversion of all the dilutive potential effects.  

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

9.   EARNINGS PER SHARE (cont’d) 

The outstanding number and type of securities that could potentially dilute basic net income per share 
in the future but that were not included in the computation of diluted net income per shares because 
to do so would have reduced the earnings per share (anti-dilutive) for the year presented are as noted 
below.  

The following outstanding instruments could have a dilutive effect in the future:  

As at December 31, 2021 

Options – Share-based payments (Note 20(b)) 

12,475,000 

Note a: Of which 12,105,000 had vested as of December 31, 2021. 

The  following  reflects  the  earnings  and  unit  data  used  in  the  basic  and  diluted  earnings  per  share 
computations: 

December 31, 

Net earnings (loss) attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent for 
basic earnings 

Net earnings (loss) attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent 
adjusted for the effect of dilution 

2021 

2020 

$1,363,958 

$(1,098,617) 

$1,363,958 

$(1,098,617) 

December 31, 

2021 

2020 

Weighted  average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  for  basic  earnings 
per share (Note 19) 

147,472,355 

100,102,355 

Weighted average number with the effect of dilution on common shares 

159,947,355 

103,514,355 

Income per share (basic)  

Income per share (diluted)  

$0.01 

$0.01 

$(0.01) 

$(0.01) 

10.  CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise of cash at banks and on hand in the amount of $158,870  as at 
December 31, 2021 (2020: $145,224). 

11.  TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

December 31,  

Trade receivables 

 Less: allowance for doubtful debt 

Trade receivables after impairment 

$ 

2021 

3,035,110 

(36,741) 

2,998,369 

$ 

2020 

1,460,810 

(15,162) 

1,445,648 

Unbilled revenue  

342,574 

315,171 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

December 31,  

 Less: Impaired 

Unbilled revenue after impairment 

Total trade receivables and unbilled revenue 
after impairment 

Receivables from tax authorities  

Other receivables 

2021 

– 

342,574 

3,340,943 

303,639 

102,464 

2020 

– 

315,171 

1,760,819 

228,253 

126,000 

Total trade and other receivables 

$ 

3,747,046 

$ 

2,115,075 

Trade receivables are non-interest bearing and are generally on 30-180 day terms. The Corporation had 
a provision for bad debt in the amount of $36,741 (2020: $15,162). The amount relating to impairment 
of trades receivables is $21,524 (2020: $339,602).  

Included in accounts receivable is an amount of $267,489, for which the payment is being held by the 
customer as a performance bond. 

Neither past due nor impaired  

2021 

2020 

Current 

31 – 60 days 

61 – 90 days 

91 – 180 days 

Past due but not impaired 
Greater than 180 days 

$ 

2,092,958 

$ 

1,057,153 

351,627 

74,706 

378,893 

136,926 

135,759 

88,593 

60,655 

118,650 

$ 

3,035,110 

$ 

1,460,810 

Unbilled revenue consists of service revenue that has already been rendered as at December 31, 2021 
and recognized in accordance with the Corporation's revenue recognition policy from Note 3. 

12.  PREPAID EXPENSES AND DEPOSITS 

December 31,  

Prepaid rent 

Prepaid insurance 

Other prepaids  

13.  BID/PERFORMANCE BONDS 

2021 

46,380 

12,343 

5,723 

64,446 

$ 

$ 

2020 

63,593 

3,861 

47 

67,501 

$ 

$ 

At December 31, 2021, of the $55,764 in performance bonds (2020: $60,232), $28,915 (2020: $36,270) 
was for one bid bond and three performance bonds in Saudi Arabia (KSA) to guarantee delivery against 
work on various projects and $26,849  (2020: $23,962) was for various bonds in Egypt.  Performance 
bonds typically remain in place for a period of one year from the start of the project and are released 
back to the Corporation when the project is completed subsequent to customer acceptance. Bid bonds 
are typically in place for a 90-120 day period but can be extended. The bonds are non-interest bearing.  

Premiums  for  these  bonds  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2021  were  $Nil  (2020:  $831).  The 
Corporation currently has no EDC bonding facility. 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

13.   BID/PERFORMANCE BONDS (cont’d) 

Performance Bond - Opening Balance January 1, 

 Saudi Arabia 
 Egypt 
Opening Balance - January 1, 

Additions during the year: 
 Saudi Arabia 
 Egypt 

Total additions during the year 
Refunded during the year: 
 Saudi Arabia 
 Egypt 

Total refunded during the year 
Performance Bond - Ending Balance December 31, 
 Saudi Arabia 
 Egypt 

Ending Balance – December 31, 

14.  PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT 

2021 

36,270 
23,962 
60,232 

– 
5,260 

5,260 

(7,363) 
(2,365) 

(9,728) 

28,907 
26,857 

55,764 

$ 

2020 

36,134 
49,514 
85,648 

36,270 
23,962 

60,232 

(36,134) 
(49,514) 

(85,648) 

36,270 
23,962 

60,232 

$ 

The amount of borrowing costs capitalized during the year ending December 31, 2021 was $Nil (2020: 
$Nil). 

Cost: 
At January 1, 2020 
Additions 
Disposals 
At December 31, 2020 

Additions 
Disposals 

Furniture and 
Equipment 

Computer 
Equipment 

Computer 
Software  

$576,382 
2,423 
– 
$578,805 

2,044 
– 

$817,031 
17,254 
– 
$834,285 

94,988 
– 

$400,996 
– 
– 
$400,996 

– 
– 

Total 

$1,794,409 
19,677 
– 
$1,814,086 

97,032 
– 

At December 31, 2021 

$580,849 

$929,273 

$400,996 

$1,911,118 

Accumulated depreciation and impairment: 
At January 1, 2020 
Depreciation for the year 

At December 31, 2020 

Depreciation for the year 
Impairment 
Disposals 

At December 31, 2021 

Net book value: 
At December 31, 2021 
At December 31, 2020 

54 

$453,988 
16,561 

$470,549 

15,204 
– 
– 

$804,950 
24,500 

$829,450 

56,291 
– 
– 

$356,309 
21 

$356,330 

$1,615,247 
41,082 

$1,656,329 

– 
– 
– 

71,495 
– 
– 

$485,753 

$885,741 

$356,330 

$1,727,824 

95,096 
108,256 

$43,532 
$4,835 

$44,666 
$44,666 

$183,294 
$157,757 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

15. 

INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

Intangible assets related to the upgrade of the internally developed the NTGapps (formerly Smart2Go) 
platform capitalized in 2020 and 2021. Expenditures on development of the software are recognized as 
an asset from the time the Corporation has determined an indefinite future economic benefit exists. 

NTGapps  (formerly  Smart2Go)  will  expedite  and  facilitate  the  digital  transformation  journey  for 
enterprises  in  all  business  verticals.  It  enables  enterprises  to  automate  their  processes  and  create 
applications  without  need  for  development.  NTGapps  offers  the  future  of  rapid  application 
development  with  different  output  format.  It  is a  powerful  development  tool  without  the  need  for 
knowledge  of  development  languages. NTGapps  is  built  on  NTG's  proven  workflow  technology  and 
provides both a portal and mobile apps for  its users.  NTG  will provide its NTGapps platform  and its 
associated marketplace of the applications developed on it, on the cloud, software-as-a-service or on 
premise for its large enterprise customers. The platform allows users to graphically build new screens, 
define and apply business rules, and create required workflow. In addition, one of the most powerful 
features of NTGapps is the ease of integration with other systems such as ERPs, CRMs, financial systems, 
engineering systems etc. With a mouse click, supporting various popular integration protocols such as 
SOAP, REST and others. The development costs are determined to have a useful life of 10  years are 
amortized  on  a  straight-line  basis.  During  2021,  $1,451,381  was  capitalized  (2020:  $860,636)  and 
$131,221 was amortized (2020: $Nil).  

Cost: 
At January 1, 2020 

Additions 
Disposals 

At December 31, 2020 

Additions 
Disposals 

At December 31, 2021 

At January 1, 2020 
Amortization charge for the year 
Impairment 
Disposals 

At December 31, 2020 

Amortization charge for the year 
Impairment 
Disposals 

At December 31, 2021 

Net book value: 
At December 31, 2021 
At December 31, 2020 

NTGapps (formerly 
Smart2Go) 
Development Costs 

– 

860,636 
– 

860,636 

1,451,381 
– 

2,312,017 

   – 
– 
– 
– 

– 

131,221 
– 
– 

131,221 

2,180,796 
860,636 

55 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

16.  RIGHT OF USE ASSET  

Right-of-use of Asset as at January 1, 2020 

Effect of discounting at the incremental borrowing rate of 19% 

Depreciation 

Right-of-use of Asset as at January 1, 2021 

Present value of lease commitments at a borrowing rate of 19% 

Depreciation 

Right-of-use Asset as at December 31, 2021 

$               – 

– 

– 

– 

141,868 

(41,378) 

$  100,490 

On June 1, 2021, the Corporation leased office space for a period of 2 years, expiring May 31, 2023. The 
Corporation  recognized  right-of-use  assets  and  lease  liability  of  $141,868  (2020:  $Nil).  The  lease 
liabilities  were  measured  at  the  present  value  of  the  remaining  lease  payments,  discounted  at  the 
Corporation’s incremental borrowing rate of 19% (2020: Nil), which represents a significant accounting 
judgment. 

Lease liability 

The lease liability as at December 31, 2021 is as follows: 

Right-of-use of Asset as at January 1, 2020 

$                – 

Effect of discounting at the incremental borrowing rate of 19% 

Add: interest accretion during the reporting period 

Subtract: lease payments during the reporting period 

Lease Liability as at January 1, 2021 

Add: present value of new lease commitments at a borrowing rate of 19% 

Add: interest accretion during the reporting period 

Subtract: lease payments during the reporting period 

Lease Liability as at December 31, 2021 

Current portion 
Long-term portion 

The undiscounted future lease payments are as follows: 

2022 

2023 

56 

– 

– 

– 

– 

141,868 

17,658 

(46,472) 

$    113,054 

74,049 
39,005 

$     90,559 

40,974 

$   131,533 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

17.  ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES 

December 31,  

Trade payables 
Accrued liabilities  
Related parties payable  
Payroll liability  
Payroll taxes payable  
Sales taxes payable  
Other accounts payable 

2021 

2,176,036 
45,702 
1,376,360 
1,330,148 
111,622 
719,964 
780,395 

6,540,227 

$ 

$ 

2020 

3,724,219 
276,361 
148,127 
1,344,250 
69,991 
590,774 
1,206,357 

7,360,079 

$ 

$ 

Terms and conditions of the above financial liabilities: 

•  Trade payables and accrued liabilities are non-interest bearing. 
•  Related  parties  payables  are  interest  bearing  at  5-8%  interest  per  annum,  $111,277  (2020: 
$110,589) was recognized as an interest accrued for the year ended December 31, 2021 and have 
no specific terms of repayment. 

18.  OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES 

(a) Other financial liabilities 

Long-term debt 

      December 31, 

Long-term debt (i) 

CEBA loan (Note 19) 

Long-term portion of CIB loan (Note 18) 

2021 

2020 

$  6,512,880 

$ 7,189,285 

       34,196 

        28,499 

40,250 

 – 

$ 6,587,326 

$ 7,217,784 

(i)  On September 16, 2019, the Corporation received a formal demand for payment of its Bank 
facilities,  requesting  payment  in  full  within  ten  (10)  days.  The  Bank  assigned  the  Bank 
Indebtedness  and  the  Security  to  2729252  Ontario  Inc.,  a  company  controlled  by  Ashraf 
Zaghloul, NTG CEO and Kristine Lewis, NTG President. 

Effective December  16, 2019,  all the rights,  title and interest of  the Bank Indebtedness and the 
Security together the full benefit of all powers and all covenants and provisions contained in the 
Security were assigned to the above company.  

The loan remains secured by a General Security Agreement over the assets of the Corporation and 
has  an  interest  rate  of  bank  prime  plus  2.05%.  There  are  no  specific  repayment  terms.  The 
Corporation recognized interest expense of $49,822 which is included in the above loan balance. 

During the year, the Corporation issued pursuant to the private placement, 15,000,000 common 
shares at the deemed price of $0.05 cents to settle partial indebtedness of $750,000. 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

18.   OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES (cont’d) 

(a) Other financial liabilities (cont’d) 

    December 31, 

Bank indebtedness (i) 

Bank indebtedness 

Long-term debt (ii) 

Long-term debt Payable (CIB Loan) 

- Current portion of long-term debt 

- Long term debt payable 

2021 

2020 

$   626,068 

$   569,734 

       $   161,000 

$   120,750 

$     40,250 

       – 

 – 

 – 

As of December 31, 2021, NTG Egypt Advanced Software has the following credit facilities: 

(i)  Overdraft  facility  with  QNB  bank  in  Egypt  in  the  amount  of  7,777,243  Egyptian  pounds 

(approximately $626,068, 2020: $569,734) with an interest rate of 18%. 

(ii)  In May 2021, the company has availed loan with CIB bank in Egypt in the amount of 3,000,000 
Egyptian pounds at interest rate of 7% per annum, repayable in monthly principal payments of 
125,000  Egyptian  pounds  plus  interest.  The  loan  matures  on  April  01,  2023.  The  loan 
outstanding as on year end is 2,000,000 Egyptian pounds (approximately $161,000, (2020: Nil). 

(b)  Fair values 

Set out below is a comparison by class of the carrying amount and fair value of the Corporation's 
financial instruments that are carried in the financial statements. 

Carrying Amount 

December 31, 
2021 

December 
31, 2020 

Fair Value 

December 31, 
2021 

December 
31, 2020 

Financial assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Trade and accounts receivable 

Bid/performance bonds 

$  158,870 

3,747,046 

55,764 

$  145,224 

2,115,072 

60,232 

$  158,870 

$  145,224 

3,747,046 

55,764 

2,115,072 

60,232 

Total Financial Assets  

$3,961,680 

$2,320,528 

$3,961,680 

$2,320,528 

Carrying Amount 

Fair Value 

December 31, 
2021 

December 
31, 2020 

December 31, 
2021 

December 31, 
2020 

Financial liabilities 

Accounts payable and accrued 
liabilities 

Bank indebtedness 

Due to related parties 

Long-term debt 

$6,540,227 

$7,360,079 

$6,540,227 

$7,360,079 

626,068 

120,750 

569,734 

– 

626,068 

120,750 

569,734 

– 

 6,587,326 

7,217,784 

 6,587,326 

7,217,784 

Total Financial Liabilities 

$13,874,371 

$15,147,597 

$13,874,371 

$15,147,597 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

18.   OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES (cont’d) 

(b)  Fair values (cont’d) 

The fair value of the financial assets and financial liabilities are included at the amount at which the 
instrument could be exchanged in an orderly transaction between market participants in an arm's 
length transaction at the measurement date. The following methods and assumptions were used 
to estimate the fair values:  

• 

• 

Trade  and  other  accounts  receivables, accounts  payable  and  accrued  liabilities,  other  current 
liabilities approximate their carrying amounts largely due to the short-term maturities of these 
instruments. 

Fair values of quoted instruments are based on price quotations at the reporting date. The fair 
value of unquoted  instruments and other  financial liabilities (loans payable) are estimated by 
discounting future cash flows using rates currently available for debt on similar terms, credit risk, 
and remaining maturities. 

Fair value hierarchy 

As at December 31, 2021, the Corporation held cash measured at fair value. The Corporation uses the 
following hierarchy for determining and disclosing the fair value of financial instruments by valuation 
technique: 

• 

• 

• 

Level 1: quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. 

Level 2: other techniques for which all inputs which have a significant effect on the recorded fair 
value are observable, either directly or indirectly. 

Level 3: techniques which use inputs which have a significant effect on the recorded fair value 
that are not based on observable market data. 

Assets measured at fair value 

December 31, 2021 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Cash and cash equivalents 

No liabilities were measured at fair 
value 

$ 158,870 

$ 158,870 

$ – 

$ – 

$ – 

$ – 

$ – 

$ – 

During the reporting year ending December 31, 2021, there were no transfers between Level 1 and 
Level 2 fair value measurements, and no transfers into and out of Level 3 fair value measurements. 

19.  GOVERNMENT GRANT 

During the year 2020, the Corporation has received $60,000 for the Canadian Emergency Business 
Account (CEBA) loan. The loan amount is interest-free and $20,000 forgivable if the $40,000 amount 
is paid by December 31, 2023, after which the full amount is subject to a 5% annual interest rate and 
due on December 31, 2025. Initial recognition of the $60,000 was at its fair value at a discount rate 
of  19.99%,  representing  the  Corporation’s  estimated  unsecured  credit  risk.  The  Corporation 
recognized  $(34,196)  (2020:  $(28,499))  as  debt  and  $Nil  (2020:  $31,500)  was  recognized  as  a 
government grant income and $5,697 (2020: $3,470)) was recognized as an interest accrued for the 
year ended December 31, 2021.  

59 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

20.  EQUITY INSTRUMENTS 

(a) Common shares 

As  at  December  31,  2021,  the  authorized  share  capital  consists  of  an  unlimited  number  of  first 
preferred shares, second preferred shares and common shares. To date, no first or second preferred 
shares  have  been  issued.  Before  any  shares  of  a  particular  preferred  share  series  are  issued  the 
directors of the Corporation, by resolution shall fix the dividend rates, whether  the dividends are 
cumulative and the redemption price of the redeemable shares.  

Changes in the issued common shares of the Corporation are as follows: 

Balance, January 1, 2020 

Shares issued on debt for shares transaction (i) 

Balance, December 31, 2020 

Shares issued on exercise of share options (ii) 

Allocation of contributed surplus  (ii) 

Shares issued on debt for shares transaction (iii) 

Balance, December 31, 2020 

Common Shares 

Amount 

56,102,355 

$ 

10,148,186 

44,000,000 

100,102,355 

7,370,000 

– 

40,000,000 

147,472,355 

660,000 

$ 

10,808,186 

443,000 

310,800 

2,000,000 

$ 

13,561,986 

(i) 

In 2020, the Corporation offered employees and consultants the opportunity to participate in 
debt  for  shares  private  placement.  Subsequent  to  TSX  approval,  on  April  30,  2020,  the 
Corporation closed the offering, and issued 44,000,000 common shares at $0.015 per share, for 
a total value of $660,000. Of this amount, 18,600,000 of these shares were issued to directors 
of the Corporation. 

(ii) 

In 2021, a total of 7,370,000 options were exercised, with a total value of $443,000. This resulted 
in a re-allocation of contributed surplus to capital stock in the amount of $310,800. 

(iii)  In 2021, the Corporation offered employees and consultants the opportunity to participate in 
debt  for  shares  private  placement.  Subsequent  to  TSX  approval,  on  August  6,  2021,  the 
Corporation closed the offering and issued 40,000,000 common shares (at $0.05 per share) for 
a  total  value  of  $2,000,000.  5,090,000  of  these  shares  were  issued  to  directors  of  the 
Corporation  and  15,000,000  of  these  shares  were  issue  to  2729252  Ontario  Inc,  a  company 
controlled by directors. 

(b) Share-based payments 

The  Corporation  has  a  formal  stock  option  plan  allowing  the  Corporation  to  issue  options  to  its 
directors, officers, employees and consultants in order to attract and retain qualified and experienced 
individuals. The Board of Directors determines the exercise price and the number of options to be 
granted as well as all the terms of conditions of the options. All options granted by the Corporation 
are nonassignable. The options generally expire three to five years subsequent to the date of grant 
and vest over two years. 

No options were granted to non-employees during 2021 and 2020.  

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

20. EQUITY INSTRUMENTS (cont’d) 

(b) Share-based payments (cont’d) 

Details of stock options are as follows: 

Balance, 1 January 2020 

Granted 

Exercised 

Expired 

Balance, December 31, 2020 

Granted 

Exercised 

Expired 

Balance, December 31, 2021 

Options 
3,637,000 

500,000 

– 

(725,000) 

3,412,000 

17,415,000 

(7,370,000) 

(982,000) 

12,475,000 

Weighted average 
exercise price 
$ 0.10 

$ 0.05 

0.10 

0.10 

$ 0.10 

$ 0.05 

0.05 

0.09 

$ 0.05 

The stock options expire at various dates between January 2022 and December 2026.  The weighted 
average expected contractual lives of outstanding and exercisable options are as follows:  

Options Outstanding 
Number 
outstanding  
Dec 31/21 

Remaining life of 
option  

Options Exercisable 
Number 
outstanding  
Dec 31/21 

Remaining life 
of option 

11,650,000 

825,000 

12,475,000 

4.13 

0.04 

4.17 

11,380,000 

825,000 

12,205,000 

4.13 

0.04 

4.17 

Exercise 
Price 

$ 0.05 

$ 0.10 

Total 

Activity related to share-based compensation is as follows: 

For  the  year  ending  December  31,  2021  the  Corporation  recorded  $810,300  (2020:  $4,699)  as 
contributed surplus and compensation expense, which is measured at fair value at the date of grant 
and is expensed over the option’s vesting year. The weighted average fair value of options granted 
during the year 2021 is $0.05 (2020: $0.01).  

In determining the amount of share-based compensation, the Corporation used the Black- Scholes 
option  pricing  model  to  establish  the  fair  value  of  options  granted  by  applying  the  following 
assumptions: 

Stock price 

Risk-free interest rate 

Expected life (years) 

Expected dividend yield 

Expected volatility 

 2021 

$0.05 

2020 

$0.03 

0.17 – 1.15% 

0.09 – 1.15% 

5 years 

0% 

5 years 

0% 

0.0 – 224.91% 

0.0 – 135.35% 

Fair value of options issued in fiscal year 

0.05 

0.01 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

20. EQUITY INSTRUMENTS (cont’d) 

(b) Share-based payments (cont’d) 

On  October  8,  2019,  the  Investment  Industry  Regulatory  Organization  of  Canada  (IIROC)  halted 
trading for the Corporation citing the reason as “Pending Company Contract.” On February 3, 2020 
trading resumed after the required TSX review. 

21.  CONTRIBUTED SURPLUS 

Contributed  surplus  for  the  year  ending  consisted  of  $810,300  (2020:  $28,231)  for  share-based 
payments and re-allocation of contributed surplus on exercise of share options $310,800 (2020: $Nil). 

Opening balance January 1, 2021 

Share-based payments 

Reallocation on exercise of share options 

Balance as at December 31, 2021 

$  1,809,523 

810,300 

(310,800) 

$  2,309,023 

22.  DIVIDENDS PAID AND PROPOSED 

Cash dividends 

The Corporation’s practice is to not make dividend payments to shareholders. 

23.  COST OF SALES 

The details of the Corporation’s cost of sales are as follows: 

Cost of sales 

Salaries 

Travel 

Hardware 

Other 

Total 

2021 

2020 

$  4,942,357 

$  5,223,849 

384,477 

76,990 

(96,333) 

123,344 

240,393 

85,770 

$  5,307,491 

$  5,673,356 

24.  EXPENSES: DISCLOSURE OF FUNCTION EXPENSES 

The details of the Corporation’s function expenses are as follows: 

Selling 

Salary and wages 

Marketing  

Mailing and courier 

Professional services 

Meals and entertainment 

Total 

62 

2021 

2020 

$  1,053,291 

$  670,146 

68,456 

7,223 

25,805 

  103,074 

186,217 

5,534 

39,485 

 54,046 

$  1,257,849 

$ 

955,428 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

24. EXPENSES: DISCLOSURE OF FUNCTION EXPENSES (cont’d) 
2021 

General and Administrative 

2020 

Salary and wages 

Occupancy 

Consulting 

Professional fees 

Bid/performance bond fees 

Insurance 

Dues and subscriptions 

Penalties and fees 

Office and General 

Total 

25.  LOANS PAYABLE 

$  1,674,735 

$  1,364,997 

138,121 

25,430 

117,733 

– 

276,562 

22,006 

133,098 

52,554 

222,847 

99,800 

120,645 

831 

242,299 

25,690 

37,245 

238,735 

$  2,440,239 

$  2,353,089 

In 2020, the Corporation entered into an agreement for  funding on a sales project in the amount of 
$338,080 (USD$266,667). The agreement states that the lender will be paid 67% for one-sixth of the 
profit from the project.  The Corporation renewed the agreement in July 2021 and as per the revised 
term  the  investor  will  be  paid 63%  for  one-eleventh  of  the  profit  from  the  project,  and  the  capital 
investment is payable by July 31, 2022. All other terms remain same.  This transaction does not qualify 
as a joint arrangement or a principal-agent relationship. The amount is non-secured. 

The Corporation entered into a non-secured loan agreement in the amount of $58,400 at an interest 
rate of 2.74%. The amount is non-secured, and was payable by February 25, 2021. In current year, the 
full amount plus interest was repaid. 

26.  RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES 

The financial statements include the financial statements of the Corporation and the subsidiaries listed 
in the following table: 

Name 

Country of Incorporation  

Equity Interest 

NTG Egypt Advanced Software (Subsidiary) 

NTG Clarity Networks US Inc. (Subsidiary) 

Egypt 

USA 

95% 

100% 

a)  All related party transactions are carried out in the normal course of operation and are recorded at fair 
value.  The  following  tables  provide  the  balances  owing  to  key  management  and  key  management 
compensation for the years: 

Interest Received 

Amounts Owed by 
Related Parties 

Amounts Owed to 
Related Parties 

Loans from/to shareholders 

December 31, 2020                                 

– 

December 31, 2019 (Refer to Note (e) below)                                    – 

$ 

$ 

– 

– 

$ 

$ 

– 

– 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

26. RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES (cont’d) 

Interest Received 

Amounts Owed by 
Related Parties 

Amounts Owed to 
Related Parties 

Key management personnel of the Corporation: 

December 31, 2021 (i) 

December 31, 2020  

Key management compensation 

Short term employee benefits 
Post-retirement employee benefits 
Share-based payments 

Total 

– 

– 

$ 

$ 

$ 

– 

– 

2021 

515,592 
44,500 
96,000 

$  1,588,722 

$  1,581,349 

$ 

2020 

117,560 
– 
– 

$ 

656,092 

$ 

117,560 

(i)  As  of  December  31,  2021,  management  (Ashraf  Zaghloul  and  Kristine  Lewis)  is  owed  a  total  of 
$1,588,722  for  unpaid  salaries,  expenses,  benefits  and  compensation,  outstanding  since  2016. 
These amounts are part of Other Accounts Payable in Note 17. 

b)  The Ultimate Parent 

The Corporation is the ultimate parent entity. 

Related Party Transactions 

Certain inter-company transactions between the Corporation and its subsidiaries,  which are related 
parties to the Corporation, have been eliminated. 

Related parties include key management, the Board of Directors,  close family members and entities 
which are controlled by these individuals as well as certain persons performing similar functions. 

c)  During the year 2021, directors and officer of the company were granted a total number of 2,550,000 
(2020: Nil) options, as described in Note 20 (b), that were valued at $127,500 (2020: $Nil). In the year 
2021, the directors and officer exercised 1,650,000 options. 

On November 29, 2019, the Corporation entered into an Assignment of Debt and Security agreement 
with Royal Bank of Canada and 2729252 Ontario Inc. The debt amount of $7,100,712 was assigned to 
2729252 Ontario Inc., which is a private company owned by two directors of the Corporation. See Note 
18  (a) for more information. All terms,  including annual interest rates, remain the same as with the 
Bank (bank prime plus 2.05%). The Indebtedness held by the Company is secured by a General Security 
Agreement over the assets of the Corporation. As of December 31, 2021, the loan amount is $6,512,880 
(2020: $7,189,285). 

27.  FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES 

The Corporation’s primary risk management objective is to protect the Corporation’s balance sheet and 
cash flow. 

The Corporation’s principal financial liabilities comprise of bank overdraft, long term debt and trade and 
other payables. The main purpose of these financial liabilities is to raise finances for  the Corporation’s 
operations. 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

27.   FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (cont’d) 

The  Corporation  is  exposed  to  market  risk,  interest  rate  risk,  foreign  exchange risk,  credit  risk,  and 
liquidity risk. 

The  Corporation’s  senior  management  oversees  the  management  of  these  risks.  The  Corporation’s 
senior management is supported by a Committee that advises on financial risks  and the appropriate 
financial risk governance framework for the Corporation.  

The  Committee  provides  assurance  to  the Corporation’s  senior  management  that  the  Corporation’s 
financial risk-taking activities are governed by appropriate policies and procedures and that financial 
risks are identified, measured, and managed in accordance with the Corporation’s policies and group 
risk appetite. All derivative activities, if any, for risk management purposes are carried out by a team 
that has the appropriate skills, experience, and supervision. It is the Corporation’s policy that no trading 
in derivatives for speculative purposes shall be undertaken.  

The  Board  of  Directors  reviews  and  agrees  policies  for  managing  each  of  these  risks  which  are 
summarized below 

Market risk 

Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate 
because of changes in market prices. Market prices comprise several  types of risk: interest rate risk, 
currency risk, commodity price risk, and other price risk, such as equity risk. 

Interest rate risk 

The  Corporation’s  exposure  to  interest  rate  fluctuations  is  primarily  interest  paid  on  its  bank 
indebtedness and long-term loans. The Corporation has performed sensitivity analysis on interest rates 
at December 31, 2021 to determine how a change in interest rates would impact equity and net loss. 
During the year the Corporation paid $200,310 (2020: $268,957) on its loans and liabilities. An increase 
or decrease of 100 basis points in the average interest rate paid during the period would have adjusted 
net earnings by approximately $20,031 (2020: $26,896). This analysis assumes that all other variables 
remain constant.  

Foreign currency risk 

Foreign  currency risk  is  the  risk  that  the  fair  value  or  future  cash  flows  of  a  financial  instrument  will 
fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates. The Corporation’s exposure to the risk of changes 
in  foreign  exchange  rates relates  primarily  to  the Corporation’s  operating  activities,  when  revenue  or 
expense are denominated in a different currency from the Corporation’s functional currency. The parent 
entity’s functional currency is the Canadian dollar. 

The Corporation does not hedge the risk related to fluctuations of the exchange rate between  USA and 
Canadian  dollars  from  the  date  of  the  sales  transactions  to  the collection  date due  to  the  short-term 
nature of this exposure.  

65 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

27.   FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (cont’d) 

Foreign currency risk (cont’d) 

Foreign  currency risk  is  the  risk  that  the  fair  value  or  future  cash  flows  of  a  financial  instrument  will 
fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates. The Corporation's exposure to the risk of changes 
in  foreign  exchange rates  relates  primarily  to  the  Corporation's  operating  activities,  when  revenue  or 
expenses are denominated in a different currency from the Corporation's functional currency. The parent 
entity's functional currency is the Canadian dollar.  

A 10% change in exchange rates on December 31, 2021 would have the following approximate impacts: 

10% impact to: 

U.S. 
Dollar 
USD 

Omani 
Riyal 
OMR 

Kuwait 
Dinar 
KWD 

Saudi  
Riyal 
SAR 

P&L in CAD 

$117,569 

$8,263 

$30,417 

$13,555 

Equity in CAD 

$86,413 

$6,095 

$22,356 

$9,963 

Qatari 
Riyal 
QAR 

$11 

$8 

Egyptian 
Pound 
LE 

$48,903 

$35,944 

A 10% change in exchange rates on December 31, 2020 would have the following approximate impacts:  

10% impact to: 

P&L in CAD 

Equity in CAD 

U.S. 
Dollar 
USD 

$79,287 

$58,276 

Omani 
Riyal 
OMR 

$7,938 

$5,834 

Kuwait 
Dinar 
KWD 

Saudi 
Riyal 
SAR 

$43,299 

$60,188 

$31,825 

$44,113 

Qatari 
Riyal 
QAR 

$11 

$8 

Egyptian 
Pound 
LE 

$25,459 

$18,712 

Commodity price risk 

The Corporation is not subject to price risk from fluctuations in market prices of commodities.  

Equity price risk 

The Corporation has no exposure to equity price risk. 

Credit risk 

Credit risk is the risk of an unexpected loss if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to 
meet its contractual obligation. The Corporation’s financial instruments that are exposed to credit risk 
consist  primarily  of  trade  receivable.  The  Corporation’s  exposure  to  credit  risk  is  impacted  by  the 
economic conditions for the industry which could affect the customers' ability to satisfy their obligations. 

In order to reduce risks, the Corporation performs periodic credit evaluations of the financial conditions 
of its customers and typically does not require collateral from them. Management assesses the need for 
allowance for potential credit losses by considering the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends 
and other information. 

66 

 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

27.   FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (cont’d) 

Credit risk (cont’d) 

The aging of trade accounts receivable are as follows: 

Neither past due nor impaired  

2021 

2020 

Current 

31 – 60 days 

61 – 90 days 

91 – 180 days 

Past due but not impaired 

Greater than 180 days 

$ 

2,092,958 

$ 

1,057,153 

351,627 

74,706  

378,893 

136,926 

135,759 

88,593 

60,655 

118,650 

$ 

3,035,110 

$ 

1,460,810 

The  credit  quality  of  all  the  accounts  receivable  of  the  Corporation  that  are  neither  past  due  nor 
impaired and the age of accounts receivable that are past due but not impaired have been assessed on 
an individual basis and determined to have a mitigated risk profile. 

Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Corporation will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall 
due. The Corporation’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always 
have  sufficient  liquidity  to  meet  its  liabilities  when  due,  under  normal  and  stressed  conditions.  The 
Corporation  manages  liquidity  risk  by  reviewing  its  capital  requirements  on  an  ongoing  basis.  The 
Corporation continuously reviews both actual and forecasted cash flows to ensure that the Corporation 
has  appropriate  capital  capacity.  The  following  table  summarizes  the  amount  of  contractual 
undiscounted future cash flow requirements for financial instruments as at December 31, 2021: 

Contractual obligations 

2022 

2023 

2024 

2025 and after 

Total 

Operating line of credit 

$ 

626,068 

$ 

Accounts payable and 
accrued liabilities 

6,540,227 

–  $ 

– 

Operating lease 

Long-term debt 

Loans payable 

80,506 

41,303 

 6,587,326 

422,093 

– 

– 

$ 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

$ 

626,068 

6,540,227 

121,819 

6,587,326 

422,093 

The Corporation accrues expenses when incurred. Accounts are deemed payable once an event occurs 
that requires payment by a specific date. The contractual maturity of accounts payable is within one 
month.  

The aging of trade accounts payable are as follows: 

December 31, 

Current 
31 – 60 days 
61 – 90 days 
91 – 180 days 
More than 180 days 

2021 

1,531,550 
1,959 
6,898 
13,106 
622,523 

2,176,036 

$   

$ 

2020 

   800,211 
109,175 
30,732 
98,235 
2,685,866 

3,724,219 

$   

$ 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

27.   FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (cont’d) 

Capital management 

The Corporation manages its capital, which consists of cash provided from operations and long-term 
debt,  with the primary objective being safeguarding  sufficient working  capital to sustain operations. 
The Board of Directors has not established capital benchmarks or other targets. As at December 31, 
2021, the Corporation was considering pursuing additional capital through the issuance of additional 
equity or debt financing. There can be no guarantee that they will be successful in raising additional 
capital. 

There have been no changes in the Corporation’s approach to capital management during the year 
ending December 31, 2021. Also, no changes were made in the objectives, policies, or processes during 
the year ending December 31, 2021. The Corporation will continually assess the adequacy of its capital 
structure  and  capacity  and will make adjustments  within  the  context  of  the Corporation’s  strategy, 
economic conditions, and the risk characteristics of the business: 

(i) 

(ii) 

safeguard the Corporation's ability to continue as a going concern, so that it can provide adequate 
returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders; 
fund capital projects for facilitation of business expansion provided there is sufficient liquidly of 
capital to enable the internal financing; and 

(iii)  maintain a capital base to maintain investor, creditor, and market confidence. 

The  Corporation  considers  the  items  included  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  changes  in 
shareholders' equity as capital. The Corporation manages the capital structure and makes adjustments 
to it in the light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. 
In  order  to  maintain  or  adjust  the  capital  structure,  the  Corporation  may  issue  new  shares.  The 
Corporation is not subject to externally imposed capital requirements. 

28.  COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES, AND GUARANTEES 

Operating lease commitments – Corporation as lessee 

The Corporation is committed under agreements for the rental of office spaces in Egypt and Oman at a 
monthly rate ranging from $800 to $3000 for the periods from August 2021 to October 2023. 

December 31, 2021 

2022 
2023 

Legal claim contingency 

$ 

80,506 
41,313 

  $ 

121,819 

The Corporation is subject to a variety of claims and suits that arise from time to time in the ordinary 
course  of  business.  Although  management  currently  believes  that  resolving  claims  against  the 
Corporation, individually or in aggregate, will not have a material adverse impact on the Corporation’s 
financial  position,  results  of  operations,  and  cash  flows.  These  matters  are  subject  to  inherent 
uncertainties and management's view of these matters may change in the future. To date, there are no 
claims or suits outstanding.  

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

28.   COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES, AND GUARANTEES (cont’d) 

Guarantees 

The Corporation indemnifies its directors and officers against claims reasonably incurred and resulting 
from  the  performance  of  their  services  to  the  Corporation,  and  maintains  liability  insurance  for  its 
directors and officers. In March 2020, the Corporation was unable to renew its Directors and Officers 
insurance. 

29.  SALE OF ENTERPRISE LICENSES 

On May 1, 2020, NTG signed an Agreement for licensing a copy of Product IP Rights and Support with an 
Egyptian  company,  owned  by  a  former  Director  of  the  Corporation.  This  Board-  approved  agreement 
allows this Egyptian company to purchase NTG Egypt’s Enterprise business including a copy of the non-
exclusive  rights  for  the  IP  of  two  software  products  (Utility  Billing  and  HMIS)  for  1.2  million  Egyptian 
pounds (approximately $99,428). The Enterprise revenue is approximately 3-4 million Egyptian pounds 
per year. The divesting of these non-core older technology legacy products allows NTG management to 
focus on core products and services going forward.  

Upon  execution  of  the  agreement,  both  the  Corporation  and  the  company  would  own  a  copy  of  the 
software listed (NTS UBS and HMIS), and both Parties would own the Copyright and Intellectual Property 
of their software copy. Either Party is free without any limitations whatsoever, to license their source code 
and  the  right  to  reproduce  work,  create  derivative  works,  distribute  and  sell  copies  of  the  software 
worldwide without the consent of the other Party. Each Party could sell their interest, in whole or in part 
of their owned software to a 3rd Party without the consent of the other Party. The carrying value of these 
intangible assets was zero, thus, the full proceeds of EGP 1,200,000 (approximately $99,428) has been 
fully recognized as other  income in the consolidated statements of profit and loss and comprehensive 
income. 

Upon signing  of the Agreement, Zaha Tech will be the sole and exclusive provider of all support to all 
current customers for a period of 30 months. NTG invoices the customers and retains a 10% fee upon 
collection of the dues from these customers, and recognizes revenue on a Net basis. During the year, the 
corporation recognized net revenue of $52,135 (2020: $72,485) under these contracts. 

30.  COMPARATIVE FIGURES 

Certain insignificant balances of the 2020 figures have been reclassified to conform with the current year's 
financial statement presentation. 

31.  EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING YEAR 

a)  On January 17, 2022, the Corporation signed a new agreement for funding of a project in the amount 
of US$240,000. The agreement states that the investor will be paid 56.7% for one- eleventh of the 
profit from the project. This transaction does not qualify as a joint arrangement or a principal-agent 
relationship. The amount is non-secured and the capital investment is payable by January 31, 2023. 

69 

 
 
 
NTG CLARITY NETWORKS INC. 
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 
December 31, 2021 and 2020 

31.   EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING YEAR (cont’d) 

b)  At December 31, 2021, NTG had a Demand loan in Egypt in the amount of 3 million Egyptian pounds 
with the balance outstanding of 2 million Egyptian pounds (approx. $161,996). On February 28, 2022, 
NTG  Egypt  signed  an  agreement  to  increase  the  loan  to  3.4  million  Egyptian  pounds  (approx. 
$242,995). See Note 18(a) for more information on the loan. 

c)  As of January 20, 2022, the Canadian Emergency Business Account (CEBA) revolving line of credit was 
converted to a non-revolving term loan and remains interest-free. CAD$20,000 is forgivable if CAD 
$40,000 amount is paid by December 31, 2023, after which the full amount is subject to a 5% annual 
interest rate and is due on December 31, 2025. See Note 19 for more information. 

70 

 
 
Corporate Information 

Board of Directors 
Ashraf Zaghloul 
Kristine Lewis 
Mohamed Saleem Siddiqi 
Syed Zeeshan Hasnain 

Officers 
Ashraf Zaghloul 
Chair & Chief Executive Officer 

Kristine Lewis 
President & Chief Financial Officer 

Registrar and Transfer Agent 
Computershare Investor Services 
100 University Ave., 8th Floor, North Tower 
 Toronto, Ontario M5J 2Y1  
Telephone: 1-800-564-6253 
Fax: 1-888-453-0330 

Auditors 
NVS Chartered Accountants Professional Corporation 
100 Allstate Parkway, Suite 303 
Markham ON L3R 6H3 
Telephone: (905) 415-2511 
Fax: (905) 415-2011 

Legal Counsel 
Borden Ladner Gervais 
Centennial Place, East Tower 
1900, 520 - 3rd Avenue S.W. 
Calgary, Alberta T2P 0R3 
Telephone: (403) 232-9500 
Fax: (403) 266-1395 

International Work 

Stock Exchange Listing 
The TSX Venture Exchange 
Trading Symbol: NCI 

Investor Relations 
klewis@ntgclarity.com 

Corporate Office 
NTG Clarity Networks Inc. 
2820 Fourteenth Avenue, Suite 202 
Markham, Ontario 
Canada L3R 0S9 
Telephone: (905) 305 1325  

Toll-free (North America):  
 (800) 838-7894 
Fax: (800) 838-7895 
E-mail: info-ntg@ntgclarity.com 
www.ntgclarity.com 

71