Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Auto - Manufacturers / NFI Group

NFI Group

nfi · TSX Consumer Cyclical
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Ticker nfi
Exchange TSX
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Auto - Manufacturers
Employees 5001-10,000
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FY2024 Annual Report · NFI Group
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Financial Results 
Fiscal 2024
March 13, 2025

2
NFI GROUP INC. FISCAL 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS
Notes to readers
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF 
OPERATIONS FOR THE 13-WEEKS AND 52-WEEKS ENDED December 29, 2024
Information in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) relating to the financial 
condition and results of operations of NFI Group Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively referred 
to as “NFI” or the "Company") is supplemental to, and should be read in conjunction with,
NFI’s audited consolidated financial statements (including notes) (the “Financial Statements”) 
for the 13-week and 52-week period ended December 29, 2024 and has been prepared as of 
March 13, 2025.
This MD&A contains forward-looking statements, which are subject to a variety of factors that 
could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by such forward-looking 
statements, including, but not limited to, the factors described in the Company's public filings 
available on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca. See  “Forward-Looking  Statements”  in  Appendix  
A. The Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (“IFRS® Accounting Standards”) and, except where otherwise indicated, 
are presented in U.S. dollars, which is the functional currency of NFI. Unless otherwise 
indicated, the financial information contained in this MD&A has been prepared in accordance 
with IFRS and references to “$” or “dollars” mean U.S. dollars, "C$“ means Canadian dollars, 
and "GBP" and "£" mean British Pounds Sterling.
QUARTERLY AND ANNUAL REPORTING PERIODS
The quarterly and annual reporting periods for Fiscal 2024 and Fiscal 2023 are as follows:
Period from January 1, 2024 to December 29, 2024
Period from January 2, 2023 to December 31, 2023
(“Fiscal 2024”)
(“Fiscal 2023”)
Period End Date
# of 
Calendar 
Weeks
Period End Date
# of 
Calendar 
Weeks
Quarter 1
March 31, 2024
("2024 Q1")
13
Quarter 1
April 2, 2023
("2023 Q1")
13
Quarter 2
June 30, 2024
("2024 Q2")
13
Quarter 2
July 2, 2023
("2023 Q2")
13
Quarter 3
September 29, 2024
("2024 Q3")
13
Quarter 3
October 1, 2023
("2023 Q3")
13
Quarter 4
December 29, 2024
("2024 Q4")
13
Quarter 4
December 31, 2023
("2023 Q4")
13
Fiscal year
December 29, 2024
52
Fiscal year
December 31, 2023
52
Specific references and definitions are used throughout this MD&A that are not defined terms 
under IFRS and do not have standard meanings, so may not be a reliable way to compare NFI to 
other companies. Non-IFRS measures in this MD&A have been denoted with an "NG". Please see 
the “Non-IFRS and Other Financial Measures” section. References to LTM mean last-twelve 
months ("LTM"). References to North America mean the United States and Canada.

3
NFI GROUP INC. FISCAL 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS
The Company has two reportable segments which are the Company’s strategic business units:  
Manufacturing Operations and Aftermarket Operations. The strategic business units offer 
different products and services, and are managed separately because they require different 
technology, marketing strategies, and operations.
The Manufacturing Operations segment derives its revenue from the design, manufacture, service 
and support of new transit buses, motor coaches, medium-duty, cutaway buses, the installation 
of infrastructure for electric vehicles and the third-party sales of fiberglass reinforced polymer 
components. Based on management’s judgment and applying the aggregation criteria in IFRS 
8.12, the Company’s bus/coach manufacturing operations and medium-duty/cutaway 
manufacturing operations fall under a single reportable segment. Aggregation of these operating 
segments is based on the segments having similar economic characteristics with similar long-term 
average returns, products and services, production methods, distribution and regulatory 
environment. 
The  Aftermarket  Operations  segment  derives  its  revenue  from  the  sale  of  aftermarket  
parts  for  transit  buses,  coaches  and  medium-duty/cutaway buses, both for the Company's 
and third-party products. 
Single and double deck buses manufactured by New Flyer and Alexander Dennis Limited 
("Alexander Dennis" or "AD") are classified as "transit buses". ARBOC Specialty Vehicles, LLC 
manufactures body on-chassis or low floor “cutaway” and monocoque "medium-duty" buses that 
service transit, paratransit, and shuttle applications. Collectively, heavy-duty transit buses, 
medium-duty buses and cutaways, are referred to as "buses". A “motor coach” or “coach” is a 35 
foot to 45-foot over-the-highway bus typically used for intercity transportation and travel over 
longer distances than heavy-duty transit buses and is typically characterized by (i) high deck 
floor, (ii) baggage compartment under the floor, (iii) high-backed seats with a coach-style 
interior (often including a lavatory), and (iv) no accommodation for standing passengers. 
“Product lines” include heavy-duty transit buses, motor coaches, pre-owned coaches, cutaway 
and medium-duty buses.
Zero-emission buses ("ZEBs") refers to vehicles that do not have internal combustion engines. In 
the case of NFI, ZEBs include trolley-electric, hydrogen fuel cell-electric, and battery-electric 
buses and motor coaches. All of the data presented in this MD&A with respect to the number of 
transit buses, medium-duty buses, cutaways and motor coaches is measured in, or based on, 
“equivalent units” (or "EUs"). One EU represents one production “slot”, being one 30-foot, 35 
foot, 40-foot, 45-foot heavy-duty transit bus, one double deck bus, one medium-duty bus, one 
cutaway bus or one motor coach, as the case may be, whereas one articulated transit bus 
represents two EUs as it takes up two production slots. An articulated transit bus is an extra-long 
transit bus (approximately 60-feet in length), composed of two passenger compartments 
connected by a joint mechanism. The joint mechanism allows the vehicle to bend when the bus 
turns a corner yet have a continuous interior.
A summary of the Company’s order, delivery, and backlogNG information can be found in 
Appendix B.
Notes to readers

NFI GROUP INC. FISCAL 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS
4
Financing
Infrastructure 
SolutionsTM
Workforce Development 
& Training
Connected Vehicles 
& Diagnostics
Parts, Publications 
& Service
Buses 
& Coaches
NFI’s mobility 
solutions

5
NFI GROUP INC. FISCAL 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS
60+
Models with various 
propulsion offerings (battery 
electric, hydrogen, hybrid, 
CNG, and diesel)
44
Facilities Across the 
Group
13
Countries with an NFI 
vehicle in service 
~9,000
Team Members 
Globally
15,135 EUs
of combined firm (5,860) 
and option (9,275) 
backlogNG
$12.8B
Value of total firm 
($4.7B) and option 
($8.1B) backlogNG 
240M+
Electric Service Miles 
Driven
40%
of total backlogNG                
is ZEB EUs 
570+
EV chargers delivered 
via Infrastructure 
SolutionsTM since 2018
92+
Megawatts charging 
capacity delivered via 
Infrastructure 
SolutionsTM since 2018
Leaders in Propulsion Agnostic 
Mobility Solutions

6
NFI GROUP INC. FISCAL 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS
Financial Highlights for Fiscal 2024
1.
Represents a non-IFRS measure, meaning it is not a defined term under IFRS and does not have a standard meaning, so it may not be a reliable way to 
compare NFI to other companies. See Non-IFRS and Other Financial Measures section.
2.
Represents a supplementary financial measure. See Non-IFRS and Other Financial Measures section.
3.
Without consideration given to the minimum liquidity requirement of $50 million.
4.
Represents a non-IFRS ratio, meaning it is derived from a non-IFRS measure, which does not have a standard meaning, so it may not be a reliable way to 
compare NFI to other companies. The ratio is calculated using adjusted net income, which is a non-IFRS measure. See Non-IFRS and Other Financial Measures 
section.
$3,122.3M
Total Revenue
$349.4M
Gross Profit
$214.4M
Adjusted EBITDA(1) 
($0.03)
Net Loss Per Share
($17.8M)
Free Cash Flow (1)
9,489 EUs
in LTM New Orders
5,860 EUs
In Firm Backlog(2)
($3.3M)
Net loss
$126.8M
Liquidity (2)(3)
7,094 EUs
Active Bids 
4,547
EUs Delivered
$15.3M
Cash Flow generated by operating activities
($0.03)
Adjusted Net Loss Per Share(4)
9,275 EUs
In Option Backlog(2)
Transit
63%
Motor Coach
14%
Low-Floor 
Cutaway and 
Medium-Duty
3%
Aftermarket
20%
North 
America
79%
United Kingdom 
and Europe
20%
Asia Pacific 
1%
Revenue by Geography
Revenue by Product

 
 
 
7 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
Key Performance Indicators 
 
Deliveries (EUs) 
Revenue ($ millions) 
 
 
 
 
 
Net (Loss) Earnings ($ millions) 
Adjusted Net (Loss) EarningsNG ($ millions) 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDANG ($ millions) 
Net cash generated by (used in) operating activities ($ millions) 
 
 
 
 
Working Capital DaysNG 
Total LiquidityNG ($ millions) 
 
 
 
BacklogNG (EUs) 
ROICNG 
 
 
 

 
 
 
8 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
Financial Results 
During the fourth quarter of 2024, NFI continued to see improvements with year-over-year increases in the average sale price of its buses 
and coaches, and their associated per unit margin, Adjusted EBITDANG and net income metrics. NFI's fourth quarter Heavy-Duty Transit 
(“Transit”) operations in North America were negatively impacted by seat supply disruption that increased raw materials and work-in-
process inventory and delayed planned deliveries into 2025. During the quarter, the Company executed on a detailed action plan with the 
affected supplier to improve delivery performance. The Aftermarket business segment ("Aftermarket") experienced another strong period of 
performance, with year-over-year growth in revenue and quarterly Adjusted EBITDANG. Fiscal 2024 saw Aftermarket deliver its highest 
revenue and Adjusted EBITDA performance in NFI's history. 
The Company's end markets remain healthy, with significant order and award activity, a robust public bid environment, and an improved 
competitive market in North America. 
Full details of the Company’s orders, deliveries, and backlogNG information can be found in Appendix B. 
Deliveries (EUs) 
2024 Q4 
2023 Q4 % Change 
Fiscal 2024 Fiscal 2023 
% Change 
Transit buses 
835 
923 
(9.5 %) 
3,258  
2,942  
10.7 % 
Motor coaches 
180 
202 
(10.9 %) 
667  
635  
5.0 % 
Medium-duty and cutaway 
165 
102 
61.8 % 
 
622  
424  
46.7 % 
New vehicle deliveries 
1,180 
1,227 
(3.8 %) 
4,547  
4,001  
13.6 % 
Pre-owned coach 
2 
37 
(94.6 %) 
127  
236  
(46.2 %) 
Zero-emission deliveries  
(included in the above totals) 
308 
236 
30.5 % 
1,036  
878  
18.0 % 
Zero-emission deliveries as a percentage of total 
new vehicle deliveries 
26.1 % 
19.2 % 
35.9 % 
 
22.8 % 
21.9 % 
3.8 % 
  
Revenue  
($ millions) 
2024 Q4 
2023 Q4 % Change 
Fiscal 2024 Fiscal 2023 
% Change 
Transit buses 
 513.9 
 511.2 
0.5 % 
 1,928.5 
 1,654.4 
16.6 % 
Motor coaches 
 122.9 
 121.7 
1.0 % 
 432.7 
 390.8 
10.7 % 
Medium-duty and cutaway 
 21.7 
 14.4 
50.6 % 
 77.3 
 50.7 
52.5 % 
Total New Vehicle Revenue 
 658.5 
 647.3 
1.7 % 
 2,438.5 
 2,095.9 
16.3 % 
Pre-owned coach  
 8.4 
 5.8 
44.0 % 
 15.9 
 21.6 
(26.3 %)
Infrastructure SolutionsTM 
 11.6 
 5.1 
126.8 % 
 26.2 
 11.0 
137.3 % 
Fiberglass reinforced polymer components 
 1.6 
 2.8 
(44.5 %) 
 10.3 
 8.9 
15.3 % 
Manufacturing Revenue 
 679.9 
 661.0 
2.9 % 
 2,490.9 
 2,137.5 
16.5 % 
Aftermarket  
 157.1 
 135.7 
15.8 % 
 631.4 
 555.0 
13.8 % 
Total Revenue 
 837.0 
 796.7 
5.1 % 
 3,122.3 
 2,692.5 
16.0 % 
 
 
North America 
 625.2 
 610.4 
2.4 % 
 2,452.7 
 2,119.4 
15.7 % 
United Kingdom and Europe 
 193.9 
 164.2 
18.1 % 
 626.9 
 523.4 
19.8 % 
Asia Pacific  
 17.9 
 22.1 
(19.0 %) 
 42.7 
 49.7 
(14.1 %) 
 
 
 

 
 
 
9 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
Manufacturing revenue for 2024 Q4 increased by $18.9 million, or 2.9 %, compared to 2023 Q4. The increase was mainly due to more 
favourable product mix for Transit along with higher medium-duty and low-floor cutaway vehicle deliveries. Notwithstanding the ongoing 
seating supply challenge beginning in 2024 Q3, the Company has seen improvement in the performance of its overall supplier base resulting 
in improved on-time production over the past year, supporting NFI’s continued efforts to ramp-up vehicle production rates. Overall, NFI saw 
significant improvement in deliveries and revenue from the prior year with an increase in annual deliveries and a 16.5 % increase in 
Manufacturing segment annual revenue.  
In 2024 Q4, Manufacturing deliveries decreased by 47 EUs, or 3.8 % from 2023 Q4. In 2024 Q4, Transit deliveries were the most negatively 
impacted by the seat supply issue and lower labour production efficiency. Overall, zero-emission bus and coach deliveries for 2024 Q4 
increased by 30.5 % from 2023 Q4. During Fiscal 2024, ZEB deliveries were 1,036 compared to 878 in Fiscal 2023. This represents the highest 
annual ZEB deliveries in Company history. ZEBs as a percentage of total new vehicle deliveries increased to 26.1 % in 2024 Q4 from 19.2 % in 
2023 Q4. The fourth-quarter performance contributed to NFI achieving 22.8 % of its Fiscal 2024 deliveries being ZEBs. Transit is the primary 
driver of ZEB deliveries with fewer electric propulsion deliveries in coach and low-floor cutaways. 
Quarterly revenue of the Company's Infrastructure SolutionsTM division was $11.6 million for 2024 Q4, an increase of $6.5 million from 2023 
Q4. The increase is primarily due to the timing of delivery and completion of open contracts. Since its inception, Infrastructure SolutionsTM 
has been responsible for the delivery of 496 plug-in and 78 overhead charger projects, for 70 different customers. Infrastructure SolutionsTM 
has 25 active projects under contract, with 3 new projects added in 2024 Q4. 
Aftermarket revenue for 2024 Q4 continued to show strong performance with an increase of $21.4 million, or 15.8 %, compared to 2023 Q4. 
The increase is mainly related to increased volume in the North America region, including the sale of parts used in other OEM vehicles, and 
improved pricing and procurement savings. The Company also benefited from higher retrofit programs in North America and an expanded 
webstore in both North America and the UK for private customers. 
Net Earnings (Loss)  
($ millions, except per share amounts) 
2024 Q4 
2023 Q4 
% Change 
Fiscal 2024 Fiscal 2023 
% Change 
Manufacturing 
 15.8  
 8.9  
77.5 %  
 4.0  
 (96.5) 
104.1 % 
Aftermarket 
 27.2  
 24.7  
10.1 %  
 119.6  
 101.7  
17.6 % 
Corporate 
 (24.4) 
 (35.9) 
32.0 %  
 (126.9) 
 (141.4) 
10.3 % 
Net Earnings (Loss) 
 18.6  
 (2.3) 
908.7 %  
 (3.3) 
 (136.2) 
97.6 % 
 
 
  
Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss)NG 
 13.9  
 (5.9) 
335.6 %  
 (3.4) 
 (116.8) 
97.1 % 
 
 
  
Net Earnings (Loss) per Share  
0.16  
(0.02) 
900.0 %  
(0.03) 
(1.48) 
98.0 % 
Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss) per ShareNG 
0.12  
(0.05) 
340.0 %  
(0.03) 
(1.27) 
97.6 % 
 
Adjusted EBITDANG 
($ millions) 
2024 Q4 
2023 Q4 % Change 
Fiscal 2024 Fiscal 2023 
% Change 
Manufacturing 
 35.2  
 11.1  
217.2 % 
 84.2  
 (42.1) 
300.0 % 
Aftermarket 
 32.8  
 29.5  
11.1 % 
 139.5  
 120.2  
16.1 % 
Corporate 
 (0.1) 
 (2.1) 
95.7 % 
 (9.3) 
 (8.9) 
(4.5 %) 
Total Adjusted EBITDANG 
 67.9  
 38.5  
76.4 % 
 214.4  
 69.2  
209.8 % 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDANG as a percentage of revenue 
 
 
 
 
Manufacturing 
5.2 % 
1.7 % 
205.9 % 
3.4 % 
(2.0 %) 
270.0 % 
Aftermarket  
20.9 % 
21.7 % 
(3.7 %) 
22.1 % 
21.7 % 
1.8 % 
Total  
8.1 % 
4.8 % 
68.8 % 
6.9 % 
2.6 % 
165.4 % 

 
 
 
10 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
In 2024 Q4, Manufacturing operations experienced net earnings of $15.8 million compared to net earnings of $8.9 million in 2023 Q4. The 
increase in net earnings was driven by a favourable product mix and a reduction in operating costs. Manufacturing operations achieved 
Adjusted EBITDANG of $35.2 million, an increase of $24.1 million, or 217.2 %, compared to 2023 Q4 Adjusted EBITDANG of  $11.1 million. The 
increase in Manufacturing Adjusted EBITDANG from 2023 Q4 to 2024 Q4 was primarily due to greater overall gross margins, favourable sales 
mix, and non-recurring labour and overhead costs. The increase in Fiscal 2024 Manufacturing net earnings and the increase in Fiscal 2024 
Manufacturing Adjusted EBITDANG is attributable to the same items that impacted quarterly results.  
The 2024 Q4 Aftermarket segment net earnings increased by $2.5 million, or 10.1 %, compared to 2023 Q4. The increase was primarily due 
to increased sales volume, including the sale of parts used in other OEM vehicles, improved pricing, and procurement savings. In 2024 Q4, 
the Aftermarket segment achieved Adjusted EBITDANG of $32.8 million, a $3.3 million, or 11.1 %, year-over-year increase, primarily due to 
the same items that impacted Aftermarket net earnings. Increases in Aftermarket net earnings and Adjusted EBITDANG for Fiscal 2024 are 
primarily due to the same items that impacted quarterly increases. Aftermarket delivered another record Adjusted EBITDANG performance in 
Fiscal 2024, outpacing Fiscal 2023's record by 16.1 %. 
The 2024 Q4 Corporate net loss decreased by $11.5 million compared to 2023 Q4 mainly due to decreased interest expenses and financing 
costs as well as lower realized foreign exchange losses. Corporate Adjusted EBITDANG increased by $2.0 million compared to 2023 Q4, 
primarily due to lower operating expenses in 2024 Q4 as discussed in the results from operations section on page 19. Fiscal 2024 Corporate 
net loss decreased due to the same items that impacted quarterly results. The Fiscal 2024 Corporate Adjusted EBITDANG increased due to the 
same items that impacted quarterly results.  
Net cash generated by (used in) operating activities 
and Free Cash FlowNG 
($ millions, except per share amounts) 
 2024 Q4  
2023 Q4 % Change 
Fiscal 2024 Fiscal 2023 
% Change 
Net cash generated by (used in) operating activities 
 17.5 
 55.1 
(68.2 %) 
 15.3  
 (63.8) 
124.0 % 
Free Cash FlowNG 
 0.6 
 2.7 
(77.8 %) 
 (17.8) 
 (101.4) 
82.4 % 
Free Cash FlowNG (CAD dollars) 
 0.8 
 3.6 
(77.8 %) 
 (24.1) 
 (134.8) 
82.1 % 
Free Cash Flow per ShareNG (CAD dollars) 
0.01 
0.03 
(66.7 %) 
(0.20) 
(1.47) 
86.4 % 
Cash generated by operating activities in 2024 Q4 was $17.5 million, a decrease of $37.6 million or 68.2 %, compared to cash generated by 
operating activities in 2023 Q4 of $55.1 million. This increase in cash used was primarily driven by increases in working capital balances, 
such as inventory and accounts receivable, offset by increases in accounts payable and deferred revenue balances. The Fiscal 2024 net cash 
generated by operating activities increased by 124.0 % compared to Fiscal 2023, primarily due to significant decreases in net losses, and an 
increase in cash provided by working capital, partially offset by cash capital expenditures. 
Free Cash FlowNG in 2024 Q4 decreased by $2.1 million, or 77.8 %, compared to 2023 Q4, mainly due to a decrease in cash generated by 
operating activities, the acquisition of intangible assets during the quarter, and an increase in current income taxes paid as the Company 
delivered positive net earnings.  
2024 Q4 
2024 Q3 
2024 Q2 
2024 Q1 
2023 Q4 
Working Capital DaysNG 
52 
53 
52 
57 
61 
Total LiquidityNG ($ million) 
 $126.8  
 $145.8  
 $178.7  
 $166.4  
 $188.2  
BacklogNG (EUs) 
15,135  
14,590  
14,605  
14,783  
 10,586  
ROICNG 
6.4 % 
5.3 % 
3.5 % 
1.8 % 
0.8 % 
 
 

 
 
 
11 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
As part of the Company's increased focus on cash generation and leverage reduction, the Company is actively pursuing activities to reduce 
Working Capital DaysNG. At the end of 2024 Q4, Working Capital DaysNG were 52, compared to 53 at the end of 2024 Q3, and 61 at the end of 
2023 Q4. The year-over-year decrease in Working Capital Days is mainly attributable to the Company's successful efforts in achieving 
milestone billings, progress payment contract structures with customers, and extended payment terms with certain suppliers. Offsetting this 
positive improvement was higher work-in-progress inventory reflecting the impact of seat supply disruption on North American transit 
deliveries. As the Company continues to ramp up production, NFI is continuing to focus efforts on lowering work-in-process inventory by 
resolving its supplier challenges and accelerating customer acceptance programs to lower working capital balances and improve Working 
Capital DaysNG. 
The Company's liquidityNG position, which combines cash on-hand, plus available capacity under its First Lien Secured Facilities, without 
consideration given to the minimum banking liquidityNG requirement of $50 million under the Secured Facilities (which has been waived for 
December 29, 2024), was $126.8 million at the end of 2024 Q4, a decrease of $19.0 million, or 13.0 % from 2024 Q3. Total liquidityNG position 
was negatively impacted by repayments of long-term and unsecured debt, offset by the positive impact of increased milestone billings and 
advance payments - reflected in the Company's deferred revenue balances. Overall, NFI increased its draw on its secured facilities lowering 
total overall liquidityNG. 
At the end of 2024 Q4, the Company's total backlogNG (firm orders and options) was 15,135 EUs, a 3.7 % increase compared to 14,590 EUs at 
the end of 2024 Q3. The year-over-year increase was driven primarily by NFI recording its highest annual new orders in Company history in 
Fiscal 2024. BacklogNG at the end of 2024 Q4 had a total dollar value of $12.8 billion.  
The 2024 Q4 ROICNG increased by 5.6 % to 6.4 % from 2023 Q4, due to the increase in Adjusted EBITDANG offset by an increase in the invested 
capital baseNG. The increase in invested capitalNG is primarily due to a gradual increase in long-term debt, higher working capital balances 
and a large increase in the fair market value of the embedded derivative relating to NFI’s convertible debentures. 
 

 
 
 
12 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
2024 Q4 Highlights 
During the fourth quarter of 2024, NFI continued to see year-over-year improvement in many of the Company’s key operational and financial 
metrics, including revenue, Adjusted EBITDANG, and Working Capital DaysNG. The Company recorded positive net earnings of $18.6 million, a 
significant improvement from a $2.3 million net loss in 2023 Q4. NFI’s backlog continued to grow, reaching a record of approximately $12.8 
billion at the end of 2024 Q4. NFI’s strong backlog of approximately 15,000 EUs of various propulsion types, matches the Company’s 
propulsion agnostic approach to provide the widest range of vehicle types for its customers. This backlog provides visibility on the 
Company’s expected growth in 2025 and beyond.  
NFI experienced supply chain disruptions during the quarter, primarily related to seats for North American transit buses. The Company has 
worked with the seat supplier to execute on a recovery plan, including onsite support from NFI’s fabrication team members, which saw 
improvement in the supplier’s overall performance towards the end of the quarter. The seat supplier encountered this situation due to 
several factors occurring within a similar timeframe: the recovery of production capacity and material availability following the pandemic, a 
ramp-up of orders for seats, a move into a new manufacturing facility, and the loss of key management staff, which led to severe disruptions 
for their operations and remaining staff. While NFI saw some improvement from the recovery plan, the seat disruption did move certain 
planned 2024 deliveries into 2025. At the end of the quarter, NFI had 170 EUs of buses in inventory essentially complete, apart from seats. 
This was an increase from the end of 2024 Q3. This number reduced to approximately 103 EUs as of March 9, 2025. The delays have caused 
several bus deliveries to be pushed into 2025 while they await parts to be completed. NFI has continued to take numerous actions to support 
supply performance improvements, including earlier order placement to suppliers, use of alternative suppliers, an enhanced and dedicated 
supplier development team, and carrying higher levels of inventory for certain components. These initiatives have helped improve 
consistency of supply of production parts and components, but due to the highly customized nature of North American transit products and 
ongoing issues with a few select suppliers, the Company continues to experience supply chain challenges and there continues to be a risk of 
supply disruptions going forward.  
NFI's Aftermarket segment built upon the momentum it has experienced throughout the year with strong financial results in 2024 Q4. 
Revenue and Adjusted EBITDANG increased 15.8% and 11.1% year-over-year, respectively. The factors contributing to the strong results 
include an increasing number of vehicles being put into service by transit agencies and private operators, increasing fleet age, customers 
rebuilding inventory levels to avoid supply shortages and retrofit programs being carried out by numerous customers in North America and 
Asia-Pacific (APAC).  
ARBOC, NFI’s medium-duty and cutaway business segment, continued its success in 2024 with 165 EUs delivered in 2024 Q4, a 61.8% year-
over-year increase, representing its highest quarterly deliveries ever, and contributing to ARBOC’s highest ever annual deliveries.  
As of the end of 2024 Q4, NFI employed almost 9,000 team members across all of its global locations, down slightly from the 9,100 team 
members as of the end of 2024 Q3, reflecting headcount reductions within NFI’s UK operations. 
Strong Market Demand and Increasing Procurements 
NFI experienced a strong fourth quarter with new orders reaching 1,904 EUs. While orders were down 19.4% year-over-year due to the high 
bid universe in 2023, orders were up 81.3% from 2024 Q3, reflecting the strong bid environment in North American markets. Firm orders 
made up 60.2% of the quarterly orders. 
Forward demand metrics remained strong in 2024 Q4 with 3,657 EUs in Bids Submitted to customers, 3,437 EUs in Bids in Process and 28,891 
EUs in the Company’s total North American Bid Universe. NFI's backlogng at the end of 2024 Q4 was 15,135 EUs and remained at record levels 
with an approximate value of $12.8 billion, up 6.5% from the previous quarter, and up 61.2% year-over-year, giving the Company its highest 
backlog ever. See Appendix B for details. 
The Company also had 277 EUs in bid awards pending (where NFI had received notification of award from the customer, but formal purchase 
order documentation had not yet been finalized) as at the end of 2024 Q4. The combination of pending awards and active bids is expected 
to position NFI for new additions to its backlogNG in 2025. 
Quarterly New Wins 
During the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company announced a few major milestones and contract awards, including:  
• 
New Flyer of America Inc. received a new contract award from Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority for up to 500 buses. 
The award is a mix of ZEBs and hybrid buses, adding to NFI’s robust 2024 Q4 backlog.  
• 
New Flyer of America Inc. received an order from New York’s Metropolitan Transit Authority for 265 ZEBs to add to its fleet. This 
additional options order was part of a 2024 Q1 contract.  

 
 
 
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• 
Motor Coach Industries (MCI) received a new contract with Houston METRO for the purchase of 100 MCI D45 CRT high-floor 
coaches. The initial purchase for the contract included 50 firm orders and 50 options, but during Q4 METRO exercised their option 
to convert the remaining 50 EUs to firm.  
Offering the Industry’s Broadest Solutions 
NFI remained focused on executing its strategy of offering vehicles with the broadest propulsion type and turn-key solutions for the transit 
and coach industry. During the quarter, NFI added 473 EUs in ZEBs to its backlog and 1,431 EUs of non-ZEBs. NFI also installed 30 chargers 
and has an Infrastructure Solutions™ backlog of 91 chargers.  
NFI’s backlog of clean propulsion systems, including compressed natural gas, diesel-electric hybrid and ZEBs represents approximately 60% of 
total backlog. The Company’s vehicle offering includes over 60 models with six different propulsion types, matching the needs of the widest 
range of customers.  
Other Events in and following the Quarter 
In early January 2025, NFI announced strategic enhancements to its Board of Directors with the appointment of Chan Galbato to succeed 
Wendy Kei as Board Chair, as well as the appointments of Aziz Aghili and Maryse Saint-Laurent. The appointments of independent directors 
Mr. Galbato, Mr. Aghili, and Ms. Saint-Laurent further strengthens the Board’s expertise in manufacturing, supply chain management, human 
resources, and capital markets. 
In November 2024, MCI announced the shipment of the first electric coach out of its Pembina, North Dakota facility. The coach is part of an 
order of nine battery-electric coaches and gives the Company great flexibility when it comes to being a leading propulsion-agnostic motor 
coach manufacturer.  
Subsequent Events 
As part of NFI’s overall action plan to improve liquidity and financial flexibility it executed on several transactions subsequent to quarter-
end including:  
• 
Obtaining a waiver for the $50 million minimum liquidity requirement under its senior secured facilities, effective until March 31, 
2025, providing access to those funds, if required 
• 
Resuming a $75 million receivable financing program with CIBC Capital Markets that enhances NFI’s financial flexibility, 
accelerates cash flow from its accounts receivables and lowers interest expense, while maintaining NFI’s strong relationships with 
its customers 
 
 

 
 
 
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Outlook 
Management anticipates improvements to revenue, gross profit, net earnings, Adjusted EBITDANG, Free Cash FlowNG, and ROICNG, in the near-
and longer-term as the Company executes on its backlogNG, increases bus and coach production, delivers a higher number of ZEBs, grows its 
aftermarket business and benefits from the growing demand for its buses, coaches and parts, and the services provided by Infrastructure 
SolutionsTM. 
Management believes market demand for NFI’s products is evident through the Company’s continued new orders and a strong public transit 
funding environment in North America. This funding environment drives the Company’s North American Public Bid Universe which currently 
has active bids of 7,094 EUs, and a five-year forecasted customer demand of 21,797 EUs. In addition, the Company has seen improved 
competitive dynamics within the North American market, leading to the Company recording its highest new awards ever in 2024, with 
expectations for further large awards in 2025. NFI has also seen overall increases in market demand within public and private coach and 
low-floor cutaway markets driven by increasing ridership, travel and return to work initiatives. NFI’s UK and international business has seen 
softer demand when compared to North America, primarily due to increased foreign and domestic competition.  
NFI’s strategy to provide the broadest offering of propulsion agnostic buses and coaches has positioned the Company well to realize upon 
growing demand as it can support customers diverse fleet plans. This offering includes low and no-emission buses and coaches, alongside its 
broader solutions offering of aftermarket parts, training, Infrastructure Solutions™ and financing.  
As previously disclosed, the highly customized nature of NFI's products can result in specific suppliers having a significant impact on the 
Company’s operations and new vehicle production, as currently evidenced by the seat supply disruption. The Company anticipates that there 
will continue to be challenges in receiving certain components as suppliers recover their operations and as NFI increases production of ZEBs 
(where the supply chain is not as experienced as in traditional propulsion systems). NFI has implemented strategies to mitigate overall 
supply chain risk and those specifically related to ZEBs, including the utilization of multiple battery suppliers for specific regions, partnering 
with larger, more established suppliers, providing increased lead time for component purchases and carrying higher levels of inventory for 
certain components. The Company may continue to experience quarterly fluctuations in the delivery of buses and coaches based on supply 
availability and customer acceptance.  
Overall, NFI has continued to see a significant decline in its moderate and high-risk suppliers, now down to a few suppliers out of the 
Company’s top 750 suppliers, driven by a combination of improvements in global supply chain health and actions taken by NFI's supply and 
sourcing teams. Based on year-to-date performance in 2025 and actions planned for the first and second quarter, NFI anticipates that it will 
see significant improvements in seat supply performance and a reduction in its inventory of buses that are complete, but missing seats, 
within its North American transit operations in the second quarter of 2025. As the Company takes steps to bring online a new Buy America 
compliant seat supplier in the second half of 2025, it anticipates that NFI and the broader industry will see sustained improvements in seat 
supply performance.  
Government Investments in Public Transportation 
The Company’s bus and coach product lines (New Flyer, ARBOC, MCI and AD) are primarily used for public transit, which remains a critical 
method of transportation and an economic enabler for cities around the world. Public transit has also been a significant and focused area of 
investment for governments as they seek to improve ridership access, reduce urban congestion, and achieve emissions targets. These public 
investments increased NFI's new orders throughout 2022, 2023, and 2024. 
The importance of long-term government funding in key markets cannot be understated, as it allows public transit agencies to proceed with 
confidence regarding their multi-year fleet replacement plans and capital asset procurements. Ridership level trends in the U.S. remain 
strong, with the latest available APTA Ridership Trends Dashboard report (as of 2024 Q4) showing bus ridership growth of 9.2% in 2024 and 
7.1% year-over-year. The growing trend in APTA’s Ridership report, with the largest growth in 2024 coming from cities of two million or more, 
is attributed to various factors such as, but not limited to, increased services and bus routes, return-to-office mandates, and the continued 
growth of non-office jobs. Continued recovery in ridership levels is important to support the operating costs of transit agencies, including 
the purchase of aftermarket parts and services. 
There are federal funding programs within the U.S., Canada and the U.K. that support the purchase of public transit buses and commuter 
coaches. This includes the U.S. Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act ("IIJA") of 2021, the Canadian Public Transit Fund launched in 2024 
and the U.K.’s Zero Admission Bus Regional Areas (ZEBRA) funding programs. Generally, these funding programs provide visibility into order 
demand as they are multi-year programs that support firm orders and backlog options. Recent U.S. executive actions may have a significant 
adverse effect on IIJA funding as detailed below.  
NFI continues to advance discussions and initiatives to improve bus manufacturing contract structures in the United States and Canada, and 
has been incorporating milestone billing payment structures into new contracts, which provide payments throughout the build period of a 
new vehicle, rather than receiving 100% of the purchase price following final delivery and customer acceptance. These new structures have 

 
 
 
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been introduced into bids and contracts following the FTA’s issuance of the February 2024 “Dear Colleague” letter to transit agencies that 
receive federal funding for bus purchases. The Company has also negotiated amendments to implement milestone billing structures into pre-
2024 contracts wherever possible. While it will take time for the benefits of these structures to be fully reflected in NFI’s financial results, 
the Company has seen success in increasing advance and progress payments with growth in the Company’s deferred revenue balances. 
In response to growing demand from Canadian customers, NFI announced Project “True North”, its subsidiary New Flyer’s all-Canadian build 
project, which is expected to increase its Canadian manufacturing capacity by up to 240 EUs by 2027. Not only will this project allow for full 
Canadian bus builds, but it is expected that it will also free up U.S. capacity to service more U.S. customers across NFI’s network. 
As the market leader in North American transit bus and coach production, management believes NFI is well-positioned for both the near- 
and long-term growth based on the Company’s firm and option backlog and the multi-year commitments being made by governments in 
these markets. 
In the U.K., government support has helped improve demand for buses, especially low- and zero-emission, yet the competitive environment 
remains challenging, with foreign manufacturers, that are not required to employ domestic labour, having secured a higher proportion of 
government funded contracts from recent contract awards. NFI has seen a desire by government leadership to ensure that funds allocated 
to the bus industry provide wider community and social benefit in the U.K, but no local labour requirements have yet been mandated. 
Alexander Dennis will continue its efforts to secure additional orders and awards, but has lowered its production rates and associated labour 
as it navigates through a more competitive market.  
Other Markets 
NFI’s North American private customer markets served by MCI and ARBOC continue to see recovery with volumes increasing and pricing more 
appropriately reflecting current input costs and inflation. The North American motor coach space has been especially positive with strong 
demand in the tour and charter segment. 
NFI’s Aftermarket business primarily sells bus and coach parts to public and private customers, and also provides service to private 
operators. The Aftermarket business delivered another year of record performance in 2024, with strong contributions from North American 
and international markets. NFI anticipates that its Aftermarket segment will continue to generate revenue growth and strong margin 
contribution in 2025, although growth rates are not expected to be as high as those seen in 2023 and 2024. 
The Company also continues to focus on growing its NFI Infrastructure SolutionsTM business to assist customers in assessing their charging 
infrastructure requirements and to manage infrastructure procurement and project installation. Since its inception, Infrastructure 
SolutionsTM has been responsible for the delivery of 496 plug-in and 78 overhead charger projects, for a total of 92 megawatts ("MW") 
charging capacity, for 70 different customers. Through 2025, Infrastructure SolutionsTM is scheduled to deliver 35 plug-in and 56 overhead 
depot chargers, for a total of 18 MW. Infrastructure SolutionsTM has 25 active projects under contract, with three new projects for 2024 Q4. 
Financial Guidance  
NFI provides the following financial guidance for Fiscal 2025.  
 
Previous 2025 Targets 
2025 Guidance 
Revenue 
~$4 billion 
$3.8 to $4.2 billion 
ZEBs (electric) as a percentage of 
manufacturing sales 
~40% 
35% - 40%  
Adjusted EBITDANG 
>$350 million  
(with a $400 million annualized run rate by the fourth 
quarter) 
$320 to $360 million 
Cash Capital Expenditures 
~$55 million 
$50 to $60 million 
ROICNG  
>12% 
9% to 12% 
Please refer to NFI’s news release dated November 6, 2024 for information regarding the previously disclosed 2025 targets.  
The 2025 guidance ranges for the selected financial metrics provided in the table above take into consideration management’s current 
outlook combined with year-to-date performance and are based on the assumptions set out below. NFI’s guidance does not include the 

 
 
 
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impacts of U.S. and Canadian tariffs (see description below). In addition, the guidance does not reflect potential escalated impacts on 
supply chains or other factors arising directly or indirectly as a result of ongoing conflicts in Ukraine, Russia or other jurisdictions. The 
purpose of the financial guidance is to assist investors and others in understanding management’s current expectations for the Company's 
financial performance going forward. The information may not be appropriate for other purposes. Information about guidance, including the 
various assumptions underlying it, is forward-looking and should be read in conjunction with the section “Forward-Looking Statements” and 
the related disclosure and information about various assumptions, factors, and risks that may cause actual future financial and operating 
results to differ from management’s current expectations.  
The guidance in the table above is driven by numerous expectations and assumptions, including but not limited to the following: 
• Revenue: Anticipated revenue growth in 2025 is based on expected deliveries of at least 5,000 EUs in 2025 resulting from NFI's firm 
order backlogNG, current 2025 production schedules, expected backlogNG option order conversion, and anticipated 2025 new vehicle 
orders combined with anticipated Aftermarket parts sales. Revenue guidance reflects a higher volume of ZEB sales, higher average 
vehicle prices in NFI's backlogNG and anticipated product mix benefits. The guidance range also reflects only limited potential variances 
in delivery volumes from supply disruption at current levels, product mix, and slower UK market demand.  
• ZEB deliveries as a percentage of total deliveries: These expectations are based on NFI’s firm order and option backlogNG, anticipated 
option conversions from backlogNG, active bids, and anticipated future orders in 2025. 
• Adjusted EBITDANG: Adjusted EBITDANG performance is driven by anticipated new vehicle deliveries, product mix, including a higher 
percentage of ZEB deliveries, Aftermarket segment contributions and anticipated improvements in operating margins due to higher 
average vehicle sales prices (as currently reflected in NFI’s backlogNG), improved labour efficiency, and improved overhead absorption 
with higher delivery volumes. The range provided also reflects assumptions on improving supply chain performance and the impacts of 
slower UK market demand.  
• Cash Capital Expenditures: Cash capital expenditures are based on planned investments in maintenance and growth projects. The 
guidance reflects the expected acquisition and disposal of property, plant and equipment and the acquisition of intangible assets 
relating to such projects, but does not include expected lease payments and are net of any government contributions to support the 
Company’s All Canadian Build project (Project “True North”). 
• ROICNG: Guidance provided for 2025 is driven by the factors noted above combined with the expectation that there will not be 
significant changes in tax rates from current levels.  
• Seasonality: The Company anticipates quarterly year-over-year growth in revenue and Adjusted EBITDANG. Sequentially, the Company 
anticipates a decrease in Adjusted EBITDANG in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the fourth quarter of 2024, as the first quarter of 
the year is typically the slowest period in private markets, and as it manages through the current seat supply related disruption. 
NFI anticipates that its current cash position and capacity under its existing senior first lien credit facilities, cash generated from operating 
activities, and anticipated success in obtaining progress payments or milestone payments from customers, alongside access to capital 
markets, will be sufficient to fund operations, meet financial obligations as they come due, and provide the funds necessary for capital 
expenditures. NFI continues to explore opportunities to improve financial flexibility and liquidity while lowering its total interest expense, 
including a specific focus on potential refinancing or extension of its senior first lien credit facility in Fiscal 2025. 
Impact of U.S. and Canadian Tariffs and U.S. Policy Developments 
NFI is taking numerous actions to alleviate the potential impacts of U.S. and Canadian tariffs, including leveraging the Company’s localized 
production facilities, regionalized service and aftermarket parts distribution networks, and contractual terms of its firm orders. However, 
there remains a significant amount of imports and exports of parts, components, partially and fully assembled buses that travel across the 
U.S. and Canada border. NFI anticipates that a significant portion of increased costs resulting from U.S. and Canadian tariffs impacting its 
public transit buses and public motorcoaches can be passed on to end customers through contractual obligations and through general price 
increases. This is likely to require negotiation with customers and such contractual protections may not cover all costs or be effective for 
extended periods. It may be more difficult to pass on the impacts of increased input costs in private coach markets, as they do not have the 
same contractual terms. NFI anticipates that tariffs may lead to a reduction in private coach demand (and associated production) within 
North America. In addition, there may also be near-term cash flow implications due to the payment timing of tariffs and there may also be a 
decrease in order sizes due to higher prices.  
Recent Executive Orders from the U.S. administration have signalled a review and potential pause of federal funding under the 
Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, including for transit vehicles. Based on discussions with U.S. transit agency customers, the Company 
does not expect that these potential funding reductions will impact the Company’s firm order backlogNG, which is comprised of legally 
binding purchase contracts. However, this may impact potential new bus and coach orders, and the conversion of bus and coach options into 
firm orders, particularly in the case of electric vehicles. As the Company offers a wide range of propulsion agnostic bus and coach models, it 

 
 
 
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expects that any decrease in electric vehicle orders would likely be replaced by orders for other propulsion types, including clean diesel, 
compressed natural gas or diesel electric hybrids. 
Among other things, NFI's guidance is subject to the risk that U.S. and Canadian Tariffs, and other trade measures and U.S. policy 
developments may evolve in unpredictable ways. The impact of tariffs and other trade measures on general economic conditions, supply 
chain health, customer demand and the Company’s business is uncertain and could be materially adverse. In addition, the current seat 
supply disruptions may be extended and/or exacerbated beyond management’s current expectations, the risk of additional supply or 
operational disruptions. See Appendix A Forward Looking Statements for risks and other factors and the Company's filings on SEDAR at 
www.sedarplus.ca. 
 
 

 
 
 
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Selected Quarterly and Annual Financial and Operating 
Information 
 
The following selected consolidated financial and operating information of the Company has been derived from and should be read in 
conjunction with the historical and current Financial Statements of the Company. 
($ thousands, except per Share figures) 
Fiscal Period 
Quarter 
Revenue1 
Earnings (loss) 
from operations 
Net earnings 
(loss) 
Adjusted 
EBITDANG 
Earnings (loss) 
per Share 
2024 
Q4 
 836,989  
 36,034  
 18,564 
 67,886  
 0.16  
Q3 
711,344 
25,516 
(14,993) 
53,205 
(0.13) 
Q2 
851,233 
36,362 
2,547 
59,411 
                     0.02  
Q1 
722,749 
10,651 
(9,414) 
33,936 
(0.08) 
Total 
 3,122,315  
 108,563  
 (3,296) 
 214,438  
 (0.03) 
2023 
Q4 
796,712 
25,555 
 
(2,329) 
38,455 
 
(0.02) 
Q3 
710,343 
(13,760)  
(39,926) 
11,167 
 
(0.42) 
Q2 
660,292 
(11,297)  
(48,101) 
12,178 
 
(0.62) 
Q1 
525,134 
(21,749)  
(45,964) 
7,409 
 
(0.60) 
Total 
2,692,481 
 
(21,251)  
(136,164) 
69,209 
 
(1.48) 
2022 
Q4  
689,353  
 
(142,144) 
 
(152,405) 
 
(7,094) 
 
(1.98) 
Q3  
514,047  
 
(41,051) 
 
(40,167) 
 
(13,281) 
 
(0.53) 
Q2  
397,952  
 
(63,497) 
 
(56,009) 
 
(20,624) 
 
(0.73) 
Q1 
 
459,330  
 
(41,481) 
 
(27,795) 
 
(16,660) 
 
(0.36) 
Total 
 
2,060,682
 
(288,173) 
 
(276,376) 
 
(57,659) 
 
(3.58) 
 
Comparison of Fourth Quarter 2024 Results 
($ thousands) 
 
2024 Q4 
 2023 Q41 
 Fiscal 2024 
 
Fiscal 20231 
Statement of Earnings Data 
 
 
 
 
Revenue 
 
 
 
 
North America 
  499,810  
  501,191  
  1,948,005  
 
 1,673,734  
United Kingdom and Europe 
  168,836  
  142,831  
 
 527,399  
 
 435,919  
Asia Pacific 
 
 11,234  
 
 16,952  
 
 15,510  
 
 27,875  
Manufacturing operations 
  679,880  
  660,974  
  2,490,914  
 
 2,137,528  
North America 
  125,345  
  109,180  
 
 504,658  
 
 445,657  
United Kingdom and Europe 
 
 25,079  
 
 21,409  
 
 99,528  
 
 87,512  
Asia Pacific 
 
 6,685  
 
 5,151 
 
 27,215  
 
 21,784  
Aftermarket operations 
  157,109  
  135,740  
 
 631,401  
 
 554,953  
Total revenue 
$  836,989  
$  796,714  
$  3,122,315  
$ 
 2,692,481  
Earnings (loss) from operations 
$  36,034  
$ 
 25,555 
$ 
 108,563  
$ 
 (21,251) 
Earnings (loss) before interest and income taxes 
$  46,646  
$ 
 22,757 
$ 
 124,476  
$ 
 (16,828) 
Net Earnings (loss) 
$  18,564  
$ 
 (2,329)
$ 
 (3,296) 
$ 
 (136,164) 
Adjusted EBITDANG 
$  67,886  
$ 
 38,455 
$ 
 214,438  
$ 
 69,209  
Cash capital expenditures 
$ 
 8,522  
$ 
 10,122  
$ 
 30,314  
$ 
 26,714  

 
 
 
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Results of Operations 
The discussion below with respect to revenue, operating costs, expenses, and earnings from operations has been divided between the 
Manufacturing and Aftermarket operations segments. 
Revenue 
($ thousands) 
2024 Q4 
2023 Q41 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 20231 
Manufacturing Revenue 
 679,880  
 660,974 
 2,490,914  
 2,137,528  
Aftermarket Revenue 
 157,109  
 135,740 
 631,401  
 554,953  
Total Revenue 
 836,989  
 796,714 
 3,122,315  
 2,692,481  
Earnings (loss) from Operations 
 36,034  
 25,555 
 108,563  
 (21,251) 
Earnings (loss) before interest and income taxes 
 46,646  
 22,757 
 124,476  
 (16,828) 
Earnings (loss) before income tax expense 
 18,848  
 (14,521) 
 (6,464) 
 (169,070) 
Net Earnings (loss) 
 18,564  
 (2,329) 
 (3,296) 
 (136,164) 
Manufacturing revenue for 2024 Q4 increased by $18.9 million, or 2.9%, compared to 2023 Q4. In 2024 Q4, revenue increased because of an 
improved average selling price per unit delivered, which was up approximately 12.8% year-over-year. This reflects the Company's efforts to 
improve pricing for inflation and a higher number of ZEBs. Manufacturing revenue for Fiscal 2024 increased by $353.4 million, or 16.5%, 
compared to Fiscal 2023. Fiscal 2024 revenue increased as a result of higher deliveries and improved contract pricing within North America. 
Aftermarket revenue for 2024 Q4 increased by $21.4 million, or 15.7% compared to 2023 Q4. Aftermarket revenue for Fiscal 2024 increased 
by $76.4 million, or 13.8%, compared to Fiscal 2023. Quarterly and full year figures increased due to higher sales volume as the Aftermarket 
segment has experienced an increase in demand during the respective periods. Aftermarket sales were higher across each region. 
Cost of sales  
($ thousands) 
2024 Q4 
2023 Q41 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 20231 
Manufacturing 
Direct cost of sales 
 541,578  
 555,166  
 1,985,459  
 1,818,740  
Depreciation and amortization 
 16,496  
 17,255  
 67,922  
 71,027  
Other overhead 
 74,151  
 45,195  
 272,126  
 200,663  
Manufacturing cost of sales 
 632,224  
 617,616  
 2,325,507  
2,090,430 
As percent of Manufacturing sales 
93.0 % 
93.4 % 
93.4 % 
97.8 % 
Aftermarket 
Direct cost of sales 
 109,426  
 89,730  
 435,156  
 371,532  
Depreciation and amortization 
 3,078  
 2,425  
 12,209  
 9,754  
Aftermarket cost of sales 
 112,504  
 92,155  
 447,365  
 381,286  
As percent of Aftermarket sales 
71.6 % 
67.9 % 
70.9 % 
68.7 % 
Total Cost of sales 
 744,728  
 709,771  
 2,772,872  
 2,471,716  
As percent of sales 
89.0 % 
89.1 % 
88.8 % 
91.8 % 
The consolidated cost of sales for 2024 Q4 increased by $35.0 million, or 4.9 %, compared to 2023 Q4. The consolidated cost of sales for 
Fiscal 2024 increased by $301.2 million, or 12.2 %, compared to Fiscal 2023.  
Cost of sales from Manufacturing operations in 2024 Q4 was $632.2 million (93.0 % of Manufacturing operations revenue) compared to $617.6 
million (93.4 % of Manufacturing operations revenue) in 2023 Q4, an increase of  $14.6 million, or 2.4 %. Cost of sales from Manufacturing 
operations in Fiscal 2024 was $2,325.5 million (93.4 % of Manufacturing operations revenue) compared to $2,090.4 million (97.8 % of 
Manufacturing operations revenue) in Fiscal 2023, an increase of $235.1 million, or 11.2 %. The quarterly and full year increase in cost of 
sales was driven by higher percentage of ZEB deliveries and higher overall deliveries, respectively. Cost of sales decreased as a percentage 
of revenue in Fiscal 2024, mainly due to an improvement in operational efficiencies that has resulted from improved supply availability. Cost 
of sales from Aftermarket operations in 2024 Q4 was $112.5 million (71.6 % of Aftermarket revenue) compared to $92.2 million (67.9 % of 

 
 
 
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Aftermarket revenue) in 2023 Q4, an increase of 17.5%. Cost of sales from Aftermarket operations in Fiscal 2024 was $447.4 million (70.9 % 
of Aftermarket revenue) compared to $381.3 million (68.7 % of Aftermarket revenue) in Fiscal 2023, an increase of 16.2%. Cost of sales 
increase is primarily due to increased sales and the variability in product mix, including higher aftermarket program revenues. 
Gross Margins 
($ thousands) 
 
2024 Q4 
2023 Q4 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Manufacturing 
 47,656  
 43,356  
 165,407  
 47,098  
Aftermarket 
 44,605  
 43,585  
 184,036  
 173,667  
Total Gross Margins 
 92,261  
 86,941  
 349,443  
 220,765  
As a percentage of sales 
Manufacturing 
7.0 % 
6.6 % 
6.6 % 
2.2 % 
Aftermarket 
28.4 % 
32.1 % 
29.1 % 
31.3 % 
11.0 % 
10.9 % 
11.2 % 
8.2 % 
 
Manufacturing gross margin for 2024 Q4 of $47.7 million (7.0 % of Manufacturing revenue), increased by $4.3 million compared to a gross 
margin of $43.4 million (6.6 % of Manufacturing revenue) for 2023 Q4. Manufacturing gross margin for Fiscal 2024 of $165.4 million (6.6 % of 
Manufacturing revenue), increased by $118.3 million compared to a gross margin of $47.1 million (2.2 % of Manufacturing revenue) for Fiscal 
2023. Manufacturing gross margin as a percentage of revenue increased in Fiscal 2024, mainly due to an improvement in favorable product 
mix and the recovery from operational inefficiencies faced in Fiscal 2023 and the completion of all legacy-inflation impacted contracts in 
the first half of 2024. 
Aftermarket gross margins for 2024 Q4 of $44.6 million (28.4 % of Aftermarket revenue) increased by $1.0 million, or 2.3 %, compared to 
2023 Q4 gross margins of $43.6 million (32.1 % of Aftermarket revenue). Aftermarket gross margins for Fiscal 2024 of $184.0 million (29.1 % 
of Aftermarket revenue) increased by $10.4 million, or 6.0 %, compared to Fiscal 2023 gross margins of $173.7 million (31.3 % of Aftermarket 
revenue). Aftermarket gross margin as a percentage of revenue remained stable in Fiscal 2024 when compared to Fiscal 2023. 
Selling, general and administrative costs and other operating expenses (“SG&A”) 
($ thousands) 
2024 Q4 
2023 Q4 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Selling expenses 
 9,007  
 8,836  
 33,315  
 29,539  
General and administrative expenses 
 48,010  
 54,112  
 205,802  
 215,726  
Total SG&A 
 57,017  
 62,948  
 239,117  
 245,265  
The consolidated SG&A for 2024 Q4 of $57.0 million (6.8 % of consolidated revenue) decreased by $5.9 million, or 9.4 %, compared to $62.9 
million (7.9 % of consolidated revenue) in 2023 Q4. The consolidated SG&A for Fiscal 2024 of $239.1 million (7.7 % of consolidated revenue) 
decreased by $6.1 million, or 2.5 %, compared to $245.3 million (9.1 % of consolidated revenue) in Fiscal 2023. Consolidated SG&A remained 
relatively consistent between quarters and year-over-year. 
Footnotes: 
1. Refer to Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgements on page 25. 
 
 
 

 
 
 
21 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
Realized foreign exchange gain (loss)  
In 2024 Q4, the Company recorded a realized foreign exchange gain of $0.8 million compared to a gain of $1.6 million in 2023 Q4. In Fiscal 
2024, the Company recorded a realized foreign exchange loss of $1.8 million compared to a gain of $3.2 million in Fiscal 2023. 
The Company uses foreign exchange forward contracts to buy various currencies in which it operates with U.S. dollars, Canadian dollars and 
GBP. The purchases of these currencies using foreign exchange forward contracts at unfavorable forward rates compared to the spot rates at 
settlement were the primary reason for the losses in the fiscal period. 
Earnings (Loss) from operations 
Consolidated earnings from operations in 2024 Q4 were $36.0 million (4.3 % of consolidated revenue) compared to earnings of $25.6 million 
(3.2 % of consolidated revenue) in 2023 Q4, an improvement of $10.5 million, or 41.0 %. Consolidated earnings from operations in Fiscal 
2024 were $108.6 million (3.5 % of consolidated revenue) compared to losses of $21.3 million ((0.8 %) of consolidated revenue) in Fiscal 
2023, an improvement of $129.8 million, or 610.9 %. Further explanations for these improvements are provided in the subsequent 
paragraphs below. 
In 2024 Q4, earnings from operations attributable to the Manufacturing segment were $17.3 million (2.5 % of Manufacturing revenue) 
compared to losses of $3.3 million ((0.5 %) of Manufacturing revenue) in 2023 Q4. Earnings from Manufacturing operations in Fiscal 2024 
were $2.1 million (0.1 % of Manufacturing revenue) compared to losses of $119.1 million ((5.6 %) of Manufacturing revenue) in Fiscal 2023, a 
increase of $121.2 million, or 101.7 %. The improved earnings as a percentage of revenue in both periods is mainly attributable to a 
favourable product mix. 
Earnings from operations related to Aftermarket operations in 2024 Q4 were $27.2 million (17.3 % of Aftermarket revenue) compared to 
$24.7 million (18.2 % of Aftermarket revenue) in 2023 Q4. Earnings from Aftermarket operations in Fiscal 2024 were $119.5 million (18.9 % of 
Aftermarket revenue) compared to $101.7 million (18.3 % of Aftermarket revenue) in Fiscal 2023. Earnings from Aftermarket operations 
increased in both periods due to favourable sales mix and a reduction of inflationary impacts on the cost of labour, freight, and surcharges. 
Unrealized foreign exchange (loss) gain 
The Company has recognized a net unrealized foreign exchange (loss) gain consisting of the following: 
($ thousands) 
2024 Q4 
2023 Q4 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Unrealized (loss) gain on forward foreign exchanges contracts 
 (4,232) 
 1,694  
 (443) 
 76 
Unrealized gain (loss) on other long-term monetary assets/liabilities 
 16,318  
 (2,954) 
 19,060 
 (3,772) 
 12,086  
 (1,260) 
 18,617 
 (3,696) 
At December 29, 2024, the Company had $65.9 million of foreign exchange forward contracts to buy currencies in which the Company 
operates (U.S. dollars, Canadian dollars, or GBP). These foreign exchange contracts range in expiry dates from January 2025 to June 2025.  
The related liability of  $1.3 million (December  31,  2023:  $1.5  million)  is  recorded  on  the  statements  of  financial  position  as  a 
current  derivative  financial  instruments  liability  and  the  corresponding  change  in  the  fair  value  of  the  foreign  exchange  forward 
contracts  is  recorded  in  the consolidated  statements  of  net  loss  and  total  comprehensive earnings (loss). 
Earnings (loss) before interest and income taxes (“EBIT”) 
In 2024 Q4, the Company recorded EBIT of $46.6 million compared to an EBIT of $22.8 million in 2023 Q4. In Fiscal 2024, the Company 
recorded EBIT of $124.5 million compared to a loss before interest and income taxes of $16.8 million in Fiscal 2023. The improvement in 
EBIT was driven by higher aftermarket performance and improved gross margins within Manufacturing. 
Interest and finance costs 
The interest and finance charges for 2024 Q4 of $27.8 million decreased by $9.5 million compared to $37.3 million in 2023 Q4. The decrease 
is primarily due to fair market value gain on adjustment to the Company’s prepayment option on second-lien debt. These reductions in 
interest and finance costs were offset by an increase in costs due to fair market value loss on adjustment to the Company’s interest rate 
swap and cash conversion option. The fair market value gain of the prepayment option related to the Company’s second-lien debt was $1.1 
million. The Company’s prepayment option had a fair market value gain of $9.6 million in Fiscal 2024. 
The Company had a fair market value loss on its interest rate swap of $0.6 million in 2024 Q4 compared to no fair market value adjustment 
in 2023 Q4. The interest rate swap had a fair market value loss of $0.5 million in Fiscal 2024, compared to a loss of $9.4 million in Fiscal 
2023. The Company’s cash conversion option had a fair market value gain of $7.7 million in 2024 Q4 compared to a loss of $0.5 million in 
2023 Q4. The cash conversion option had a fair market value gain of $6.6 million in Fiscal 2024, compared to a loss of $4.0 million in Fiscal 
2023.  

 
 
 
22 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
On July 20, 2023, the Company extinguished its interest rate swap contracts (valued at $20.2 million asset at the end of 2023 Q2) for total 
proceeds of $18.4 million. NFI's equity hedge (valued at $2.6 million liability at the end of 2023 Q2) was settled and removed from liabilities 
on the balance sheet. 
 
On January 26, 2024, NFI entered into an agreement for a new interest rate swap to hedge its exposure to changing interest rates. The 
contract has a notional value of $500 million until October 25, 2024, and thereafter a notional value of $450 million until its expiry on April 
25, 2025. The swap carries an interest rate of 4.6%. Please see note 25 of the audited consolidated financial statements for disclosure of 
financial instruments and risk management. 
Earnings (loss) before income taxes (“EBT”) 
EBT in 2024 Q4 of $18.8 million improved by  $33.4 million compared to a loss before income taxes (“LBT”) of $14.5 million in 2023 Q4. LBT 
for Fiscal 2024 of $6.5 million decreased by $162.6 million compared to LBT of $169.1 million in Fiscal 2023. The primary drivers of the 
changes of LBT are addressed in the Earnings (loss) from operations and Interest and finance costs sections above. 
Income tax expense (recovery) 
The income tax expense for 2024 Q4 was $0.3 million compared to a recovery of $12.2 million in 2023 Q4. The increased income tax expense 
is primarily due to positive net earnings.  
The income tax recovery for Fiscal 2024 is $3.2 million, compared to a recovery of $32.9 million in Fiscal 2023.  The decrease in the overall 
income tax recovery is primarily due to increased profitability, an increased state tax expense and a reduced foreign tax credit recovery 
offset by reduced deferred tax expense related to unrecognized deferred tax assets associated with Canadian loss carry-forwards, and 
restricted interest in the UK.  
The Effective Tax Rate ("ETR") for 2024 Q4 was 1.5% and the ETR for 2023 Q4 was 84.0%. The ETR for Fiscal 2024 was 49.0% and the ETR for 
Fiscal 2023 was 19.5%. The 2023 Q4 ETR was detrimentally impacted by the non-recognition of deferred tax assets associated with Canadian 
loss carry-forwards, restricted interest in the UK, and the impact of BEPS Pillar Two. 
Income tax expense recognized in the consolidated statement of net loss in Fiscal 2024 includes $1.1 million (Fiscal 2023: not applicable) 
related to Pillar Two income taxes. 
Net earnings (loss) 
The Company reported net earnings of $18.6 million in 2024 Q4, an improvement of $20.9 million, or 896.6 %, compared to net losses of 
$2.3 million in 2023 Q4. The Company reported net losses of $3.3 million in Fiscal 2024, a decrease of $132.9 million, or 97.6 %, compared 
to net losses of $136.2 million in Fiscal 2023. The decrease in net loss for Fiscal 2024 is primarily due to increases in the Company's earnings 
from operations and decreases to interest and finance costs.  
Net earnings (loss) 
($ millions, except per Share figures) 
2024 Q4 
2023 Q4 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Earnings (loss) from operations 
 36.0  
 25.6 
 108.6  
 (21.3) 
(Gain) loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment 
 (0.2) 
 0.1  
 (0.2) 
 (0.8) 
Impairment loss on intangible assets 
 (1.3) 
 -  
 (2.3) 
 -  
(Loss) gain on debt modification 
 -  
 (1.6)
 -  
 8.9  
Loss on debt extinguishment 
 -  
 -  
 (0.2) 
 -  
Unrealized foreign exchange gain (loss) on monetary items 
 12.1  
 (1.3)
 18.6  
 (3.7) 
Interest and finance costs 
 (27.8) 
 (37.3)
 (130.9) 
 (152.2) 
Income tax (expense) recovery 
 (0.3) 
 12.2 
 3.2  
 32.9  
Net earnings (loss) 
 18.6  
 (2.3)
 (3.3) 
 (136.2) 
Net earnings (loss) per Share (basic) 
 0.16 
 (0.02) 
 (0.03) 
 (1.48) 
Net earnings (loss) per Share (fully diluted) 
 0.13 
 (0.02) 
 (0.03) 
 (1.48) 
The Company recorded net earnings per Share for 2024 Q4 of $0.16 compared to net loss per Share of $0.02 in 2023 Q4. The Company’s net 
loss per Share for Fiscal 2024 was $0.03 compared to a net loss per Share of $1.48 in Fiscal 2023. The per Share net loss improved in Fiscal 
2024 because of improved operational performance in both Manufacturing and Aftermarket, lower interest expenses, and an increase in the 
outstanding number of Shares. 

 
 
 
23 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
Cash Flow 
The cash flows of the Company are summarized as follows: 
($ thousands) 
2024 Q4 
2023 Q4 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Cash generated by operating activities before non-cash working capital 
items and interest and income taxes paid 
 56,365  
 46,658  
 193,384  
 61,234  
Interest paid 
 (30,183) 
 (19,110) 
 (121,107) 
 (109,389) 
Income taxes (paid) recovered 
 (1,796) 
 8,407  
 (2,060) 
 29,304  
Cash flow (invested in) provided by working capital 
 (6,894) 
 19,171  
 (54,877) 
 (44,962) 
Net cash generated by (used in) operating activities 
 17,492  
 55,126  
 15,340  
 (63,813) 
Net cash (used in) generated by financing activities 
 (24,093) 
 (65,072) 
 20,751  
 117,836  
Net cash used in investing activities 
 (3,435) 
 (12,431) 
 (34,632) 
 (53,342) 
Cash flow from operating activities 
The 2024 Q4 net cash generated by operating activities of $17.5 million was mainly comprised of $24.4 million of net cash earnings offset by 
$6.9 million of cash invested in working capital. The 2023 Q4 net cash generated by operating activities of $55.1 million was comprised of 
$36.0 million of net cash earnings and $19.2 million of cash provided by working capital. 
The Fiscal 2024 net cash generated by operating activities of $15.3 million was mainly comprised of $70.2 million of net cash earnings and 
$54.9 million of cash invested in working capital. The Fiscal 2023 net cash used in operating activities of $63.8 million was comprised of 
$18.9 million of net cash loss and $45.0 million of cash invested in working capital.  
Cash flow from financing activities  
The cash used in financing activities of $24.1 million during 2024 Q4 was comprised mainly of repayments to the Company’s Secured 
Facilities1, totaling $11.2 million and by repayments of obligations under leases of $8 million, and repayment of senior unsecured debt of $5 
million. Net cash used by financing activities decreased by $41.0 million from 2023 Q4.  
Cash generated by financing activities of $20.8 million during Fiscal 2024 is due to proceeds received from the Company's Secured Facilities1, 
totaling $50.1 million, offset by repayments made to obligations under leases of $24.4 million. The improvement in Fiscal 2024 compared to 
Fiscal 2023 is primarily due to the large repayment of long-term debt that occurred in 2023 Q3. 
Cash flow from investing activities 
($ thousands) 
2024 Q4 
2023 Q4 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Acquisition of intangible assets 
 (7,269) 
 (2,828) 
 (17,597) 
 (10,274) 
Proceeds from disposition of property, plant and equipment 
 40  
 519  
 963  
 1,769  
Investments in Long-term restricted deposits 
 5,379  
 -  
 5,379  
 (18,123) 
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment 
 (8,522) 
 (10,122) 
 (30,314) 
 (26,714) 
Proceeds from government grants 
 6,937  
 -  
 6,937  
 -  
Cash used in investing activities 
 (3,435) 
 (12,431) 
 (34,632) 
 (53,342) 
Cash used in investing activities increased in 2024 Q4, primarily due to increased investments in intangible assets alongside a decrease in 
proceeds received on property, plant and equipment. Cash used in investing activities was lower in Fiscal 2024, primarily due to decreased 
investment in long-term restricted deposits, partially offset by the increased investments in property, plant and equipment, and intangible 
assets. Long-term restricted deposits are collateral for a certain amount of the Company's letters of credit. 

 
 
 
24 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
Credit risk 
Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to credit risk and concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, 
accounts receivable and derivatives. Management believes that the credit risk associated with accounts receivable is mitigated by the 
significant proportion of counterparties that are well established public transit authorities. Additionally, the U.S. federal government funds a 
substantial portion of U.S. public sector customer payments - up to 80% of the capital cost of new transit buses, coaches or cutaways - while 
the remaining 20% comes from state and municipal sources. There are a few U.S. public sector customers that obtain 100% of their funding 
from state and municipal sources. Canadian customers have similar funding sources in Canada. The maximum exposure to the risk of credit 
for accounts receivables corresponds to their book value. Historically, the Company has experienced nominal bad debts as a result of the 
customer base being principally comprised of municipal and other local transit authorities. 
The purchase of new coaches, transit buses or cutaways by private fleet operators is paid from the operators' own capital budgets and 
funded by their own cash flow or third party financing. A significant portion of private fleet operators choose to finance new coach 
purchases with lending organizations. In some cases, MCI assists in arranging this financing. The Company has experienced a nominal amount 
of bad debts with its private sales customers as most transactions require payment on delivery. Management has not observed, and does not 
anticipate significant changes to credit risk. 
The carrying amount of accounts receivable is reduced through the use of an allowance account and the amount of the loss is recognized in 
the earnings statement within SG&A. When a receivable balance is considered uncollectible, it is written off against the allowance for 
doubtful accounts. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written off are credited against SG&A in the audited consolidated 
statements of net loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss). 
The following table details the aging of the Company’s receivables and related allowance for doubtful accounts: 
$ thousands 
 
December 29, 2024 
 December 31, 2023 
Current, including holdbacks 
$ 
444,869  
$ 
438,165  
Past due amounts but not impaired 
 
 
 
 
1 – 60 days 
 
28,531  
 
20,123  
Greater than 60 days 
 
17,366  
 
8,669  
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts 
 
(1,035) 
 
(604) 
Total accounts receivables, net 
$ 
489,731  
$ 
466,353 
The counterparties to the Company's derivatives are chartered Canadian banks and international financial institutions. The Company could 
be exposed to loss in the event of non-performance by the counterparty. However, credit ratings and concentration of risk of the financial 
institutions are monitored on a regular basis. 
Commitments and Contractual Obligations 
The following table describes the Company’s maturity analysis of the undiscounted cash flows of leases and accrued benefit liabilities as at 
December 29, 2024: 
$ thousands 
 
Total 
2025 
2026 
2027 
2028 
2029 
Post 2029 
Leases 
 
$       212,435 
25,585 
21,786 
19,726 
13,138 
10,702 
121,496 
Accrued benefit liability 
 
 2,800 
2,800 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$      215,235 
28,385 
21,786 
19,726 
13,138 
10,702 
121,496 
As at December 29, 2024, outstanding surety bonds guaranteed by the Company totaled $307.4 million (December 31, 2023: $312.7 million). 
The estimated maturity dates of the surety bonds outstanding at December 29, 2024 range from February 2025 to December 2039. 
Management believes that adequate facilities exist to meet projected surety requirements. 
The Company has not recorded a liability under these guarantees as management believes that no material events of default exist under any 
applicable contracts with customers. 
Under the North American Secured Facility1, the Company has established a letter of credit sub-facility of $150.0 million (December 31, 
2023: $150.0 million). As at December 29, 2024, letters of credit totaling $80.5 million (December 31, 2023: $96.6 million) remain 
outstanding as security for contractual obligations of the Company under the North American Secured Facility1. This decrease is primarily 
driven by collateral requirements provided to support bonds associated with new contracts and the Company utilizing its additional capacity 
under the EDC facility to support bonding requirements. 

 
 
 
25 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
The EDC facility includes two credit facilities of up to $165 million, to support supply chain financing ("supply chain financing facility") for 
$20 million and surety and performance bonding requirements for new contracts ("Guarantee Facility") for up to $145 million. The 
Guarantee Facility is made up of an Account Performance Security Guarantee (“PSG”) up to $90 million and Surety Reinsurance Support up 
to $55 million.  
The PSG program is in place to cover a standby letter of credit or letter of guarantee (in each case an “LOC”), required as part of a 
collateral package provided to support a surety facility where the new bonding capacity is a minimum of at least twice the face value of the 
LC. The underlying surety facility must only be supporting surety bonds required under contracts entered into by NFI, and where such Surety 
Bonds are bid bonds, performance bonds, regulatory bonds, license and permit bonds. 
 
As at December 29, 2024, there was $134.7 million (December 31, 2023: $74.2 million) outstanding under the Guarantee Facility. 
 
As at December 29, 2024, letters of credit in the UK totaling $7.5 million remained outstanding as security for contractual obligations of the 
Company outside of the UK facility (December 31, 2023: $18.7 million). Additionally, there were $38.0 million (December 31, 2023: $45.8 
million) of letters of credit outstanding outside of the Secured Facilities1. 
 
Management believes that the Company was in compliance in all material respects with all applicable contractual obligations as at 
December 29, 2024. The Company has not provided for any costs associated with these letters of credit. 
The Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements or any material capital asset commitments at December 29, 2024. 
Through the normal course of operations, the Company has guaranteed payments and residual values to third party lenders on behalf of 
customers.  As at December 29, 2024, the Company had guaranteed $2.1 million (December 31, 2023: $2.4 million) of these arrangements. 
The Company has not provided for any of these costs, as it does not believe it will have to pay out on any of these arrangements. 
Share Option Plan 
The Board adopted a Share Option Plan (the “2013 Option Plan”) for NFI on March 21, 2013, under which certain employees of NFI and 
certain of its affiliates may receive grants of options to acquire Shares. The 2013 Option Plan was amended and restated on December 8, 
2015, December 31, 2018 and August 5, 2020. Directors who are not employed with NFI are not eligible to participate in the 2013 Option 
Plan. A maximum of 3,600,000 Shares are reserved for issuance under the 2013 Option Plan. The options vest one-quarter on the first grant 
date anniversary and an additional one-quarter on the second, third and fourth anniversary of the grant date. The 2013 Option Plan expired 
on March 21, 2023, after which no new options were granted under the 2013 Option Plan. 
The Board adopted a new share option plan on March 12, 2020 (the "2020 Option Plan"), which was approved by shareholders on May 7, 
2020, and amended on August 5, 2020, under which certain employees of NFI and certain of its affiliates may receive grants of options to 
acquire Shares. Directors who are not employed with NFI are not eligible to participate in the 2020 Option Plan. A maximum of 3,200,000 
Shares are reserved for issuance under the 2020 Option Plan. The options vest one-quarter on the first grant date anniversary and an 
additional one-quarter on the second, third and fourth anniversary of the grant date. 
The following reconciles the Share options outstanding: 
 
Fiscal 2024 
 
Fiscal 2023 
Number 
Weighted average 
exercise price 
Number 
Weighted average 
exercise price 
Balance at beginning of period 
2,018,117 
C$26.00 
1,910,057 
C$27.41 
Granted during the period 
 
325,925  
C$13.57  
374,448 
C$10.46 
Expired during the period 
 
(369,115) 
C$24.64 
(266,388) 
C$14.32 
Exercised during the period 
(1,369) 
C$10.46 
— 
C$0.00 
Balance at end of period 
1,973,558 
C$24.25 
2,018,117 
C$26.00 
Footnotes: 
1. As described in the Capital Allocation section on page 26. 
 
 

 
 
 
26 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
Restricted Share Unit Plan for Non-Employee Directors  
Pursuant to the Company’s Restricted Share Unit Plan for Non-Employee Directors, a maximum of 500,000 Shares are reserved for issuance 
to non-employee directors. The Company issued 13,292 director restricted share units (“Director RSUs”), with a total value of $0.2 million, 
in 2024 Q4. Approximately $0.1 million of the issued Director RSUs were exercised and exchanged for 5,479 Shares. 
Critical accounting estimates and judgments 
The Company's critical accounting estimates and judgments can be found within note 2 of the audited consolidated financial statements. 
Provisions  
In the current year, management identified that certain warranties were incorrectly classified and accounted for as service-type rather than 
assurance-type. The correction of this error resulted in an immaterial prior period adjustment between Deferred Revenue and Warranty 
Provision amounting to $17.4 million and increase to revenue and cost of sales of $7.3 million.  
This change had no effect on net loss, total equities, cash flows, or EPS. 
New and amended standards adopted by the Company 
IAS 1 – Presentation of Financial Statements 
 
Classification  of  Liabilities  as  Current  or  Non-current,  which  amends  IAS  1,  was  issued  January  2020  and  October  2022,  effective  
for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2024. This clarified a criterion in IAS 1 for classifying a liability as noncurrent: 
the requirement for an entity to have the right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period. 
Management assessed that this standard does not have a material impact on the audited consolidated financial statements and that the 
Company is in compliance with the required disclosure. 
 
IAS 7 & IFRS 7 – Supplier financing arrangements - disclosures 
 
The  Company  has  adopted  the  disclosure  requirements  under  IAS  7  and  IFRS  7,  effective  for  the  fiscal  period  ending  December  
29, 2024.  The  required  disclosures,  including  details  on  supplier  finance  arrangements,  terms,  payment  due  dates,  liquidity  risk,  
and liability breakdowns, are included in note 9 of the audited consolidated financial statements. 
Standards Issued but not adopted 
IFRS 18 – Presentation and Disclosure in Financial Statements 
 
IFRS 18 sets out requirements for the presentation and disclosure of information in the consolidated financial statements to help ensure 
they  provide  relevant  information  that  faithfully  represents  the  Company’s  assets,  liabilities,  equity,  income  and  expenses.  IFRS  
18 replaces  IAS  1  -  Presentation  of  Financial  Statements  once  effective.  Initial  adoption  of  the  requirements  under  IFRS  18  will  
be obligatory for annual reporting periods on or after January 1, 2027. 
 
IFRS 7 and 9 - Amendments to the Classification and Measurement of Financial Instruments 
 
The  changes  set  criteria  for  derecognition  of  a  financial  liability  settled  through  electronic  transfer  and  include  amendments  for  
the classification  of  financial  assets  involving  contractual  terms  that  are  consistent  with  a  basic  lending  arrangement,  assets  with  
non-recourse  features,  and  contractually  linked  instruments.  Disclosure  requirements  change  for  investments  in  equity  instruments 
designated at fair value through other comprehensive income and include a new requirement for disclosure of contractual terms that could 
change the timing or amount of contractual cash flows based on a contingent event that does not relate directly to changes in basic lending 
risks and costs. 
 
IFRS 7 and 9 – Amendments for contracts referencing nature-dependent electricity related to hedge accounting 
 
The  changes  relate  to  designation  of  contracts  relating  to  nature-dependent  electricity  as  hedging  instruments  and  their  
disclosure requirements.  Under  the  amendments  an  entity  is  permitted  to  designate  as  the  hedged  item  a  variable  nominal  
amount  of  forecast electricity  transactions  that  is  aligned  with  the  variable  amount  of  nature-dependent  electricity  expected  to  
be  delivered  by  the generation facility as referenced in the hedging instrument. 
 
Initial  adoption  of  the  amendments  under  IFRS  7  and  9  will  be  obligatory  for  annual  reporting  periods  on  or  after  January  1,  
2026. Management is currently assessing the impact of these standards on its consolidated financial statements. 
 
 

 
 
 
27 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
Capital Allocation Policy 
 
The Company has a capital allocation policy based on an operating model intended to provide consistent and predictable cash flow and 
maintain a strong balance sheet. This policy has established guidelines that are reviewed by the Board on a quarterly basis and provides 
targets for maintaining financial flexibility, business investment, and return of capital to shareholders. 
Maintaining Financial Flexibility 
The Company plans to prudently use leverage to manage liquidityNG risk. LiquidityNG risk arises from the Company’s financial obligations and 
from the management of its assets, liabilities, and capital structure. This risk is managed by regularly evaluating the liquid financial 
resources to fund current and long-term obligations, and to meet the Company’s capital commitments in a cost-effective manner. 
The main factors that affect liquidityNG include sales volume and mix, production levels, cash production costs, working capital 
requirements, capital expenditure requirements, scheduled repayments of debt obligations, interest costs, funding requirements of the 
Company’s pension plans, income taxes, credit capacity, letters of credit for surety bonds, expected future debt and equity capital market 
conditions. 
The Company’s liquidityNG requirements are met through a variety of sources, including cash on hand, cash generated from operations, First 
Lien Secured Facilities (see below), leases, and debt and equity capital markets. The Company believes that its cash position and capacity 
under its First Lien Secured Facilities, combined with anticipated future cash flows and access to capital markets, will be sufficient to fund 
operations, meet financial obligations as they come due, and provide the funds necessary for capital expenditures, and other operational 
needs. It is possible that unexpected events could significantly impair the Company’s liquidityNG and there can be no assurance that the 
Company would be able to obtain additional liquidityNG when required in such circumstances. Please refer to Appendix A of this MD&A for 
identified liquidity risks.  
At December 29, 2024, the Company has convertible debentures outstanding of C$338 million ("Debentures"). The Debentures may be 
converted in whole or in part from time to time at the holder’s option into 30.1659 Shares for each C$1,000 principal amount of Debentures, 
representing a conversion price of approximately C$33.15 per Share and total potential conversion of 10,196,074 shares. 
The details of the covenants under the Secured Facilities are as follows: 
 
Total Leverage RatioNG 
Interest Coverage 
RatioNG 
Minimum Banking 
LiquidityNG 
Senior Secured 
Net Leverage 
RatioNG 
2024 Q4 
<4.75x 
>1.25x 
Waived1 
<3.50x 
2025 Q1 
<4.75x 
>1.75x 
$50,000 
<3.50x 
2025 Q2 
<4.25x 
>2.00x 
$50,000 
<3.25x 
2025 Q3 
<4.25x 
>2.25x 
$50,000 
<3.25x 
2025 Q4 and after 
<3.75x 
>2.50x 
$50,000 
<3.00x 
 
$ thousands 
December 29, 2024 
December 31, 2023 
Banking LiquidityNG Position 
$ 
 126,800 
$ 
 170,131  
Total Leverage RatioNG (must be less than 4.75 [2023: waived]) 
4.37 
Waived 
Senior Secured Net Leverage RatioNG (must be less than 3.50 [2023: waived]) 
3.09 
Waived 
Interest Coverage RatioNG (must be greater than 1.25 [2023: waived]) 
1.51 
Waived 
As of December 29, 2024, NFI's banking covenant liquidityNG was $126.8 million, without consideration given to the minimum banking 
liquidityNG requirement of $50 million under the Secured Facilities, which was waived for 2024 Q4. As part of the Company's efforts to 
improve working capital and liquidityNG, the Company has secured milestone payments and deposits from certain customers. The Company 
remains focused on cash and liquidity management, including efforts to accelerate deliveries and customer acceptances, accelerating 
customer payments through the pursuit of advance payments and deposits wherever possible, and improving supplier payment terms. As of 
December 29, 2024, the Company has $199.7 million in deferred revenue related to customer advanced payments and is continuing to work 
with other customers to obtain milestone payments to offset the working capital required to support the transition to ZEB and increased 
production levels.  
Footnotes: 
1. 
Refer to Outlook Financial Guidance and Liquidity on page 14. 

 
 
 
28 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
The Company remains focused on deleveraging its balance sheet and returning to its targeted leverage levels of 1.5x to 2.5x total debt to 
Adjusted EBITDANG. Management believes it will achieve its longer-term leverage targets as the Company delivers on its backlogNG, and 
benefits from record government investments in public transportation, and growing demand for its buses, coaches, parts and services 
provided by Infrastructure SolutionsTM services and Aftermarket sales. The reduction in leverage will also be driven by increased production 
rates, the anticipated stabilization of parts and components supply, and the active focus on reducing working capital. 
The Company has entered into an agreement to amend the Interest Coverage Ratio requirement for 2024 Q3 and 2024 Q4. Although, NFI met 
the original covenant requirement, the Company proactively engaged with its banking partners to ensure continued compliance throughout 
2024. 
Compliance with financial covenants is reviewed monthly by management and reported to the Board. Other than the requirements imposed 
by borrowing agreements, the Company is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements. Capital management objectives are 
reviewed on a quarterly basis or when strategic capital transactions arise. 
The Company continuously evaluates its capital structure to match liquidity and capital needs with a desire to lower overall interest 
expenses. As the First Lien Secured Facilities mature in April 2026, and would become a current liability in April 2025, the Company has 
continued to advance its plans to extend or refinance them with a goal of obtaining a longer-term flexible capital structure that increases 
liquidity and lowers total interest expenses. The Company will continue to work on these initiatives in 2025. 
Business Investment 
The Company plans to invest in the current business for future growth and will continue to invest in common systems and LEAN  
manufacturing operations to improve quality and cost effectiveness, while also investing to expand the Company's expertise in ZEBs, 
Infrastructure SolutionsTM, and workforce development. The Company has made significant investments in its production facilities to achieve 
its strategy of offering the broadest range of vehicle offerings in Heavy-Duty transit, coach and low-floor cutaways. These investments have 
ensured that New Flyer has the ability to manufacture clean diesel, CNG, diesel electric hybrid and ZEBs across its network. Alexander 
Dennis has the ability to produce ZEBs and diesel buses at all of its facilities and MCI has invested in its production facilities to improve 
common line production for public and private markets, and combustion engine and ZEBs. 
In November 2022, Alexander Dennis announced that several of its vehicles will now offer its next-generation electric chassis, driveline and 
battery system. Alexander Dennis has secured orders in the UK using this new technology, and, in 2023 Q2, Alexander Dennis delivered its 
first battery-electric buses to key customers in Hong Kong.  
Alexander Dennis continues to advance its integrated aftermarket solution, AD24, which provides fleet telematics data, access to 
personalized online parts and technical publications plus connections to field support, service, training and invoice management. AD24 is 
one element of NFI’s numerous investments into telematics solutions to assist customers to track detailed performance and maintenance 
metrics associated with their vehicles. 
In October 2024, NFI announced that in response to growing demand for its products in Canada, the Company is expanding its Canadian 
manufacturing capabilities through its All Canadian Build project. NFI is co-investing in the project alongside government partners to support 
facility upgrades, zero-emission bus testing for Canadian customers, working capital, project administration, and other capital and 
operational costs. Construction activities began in October and the first bus builds are planned for the fourth quarter of 2025, with a 
continued ramp-up through 2026.  
The Company's capital allocation priorities are currently focused on product development, deleveraging, strengthening its balance sheet and 
supporting the recovery of operations. While the Company will consider business acquisitions and partnerships that will further grow and 
diversify the business and contribute to long-term competitiveness, its current focus remains on deleveraging efforts. In addition, there are 
covenants under the Secured Facilities that limit the Company's ability to make acquisitions, pay dividends and make capital expenditures. 
Investment decisions are based on several criteria, including but not limited to: investment required to maintain or enhance operations; 
enhancement of cost effectiveness through vertical integration of critical supply and sub-assembly in-sourcing; and acquisitions in current or 
adjacent markets that are considered accretive to the business.  
Return of Capital to Shareholders 
The Company maintains a Share dividend policy that is consistent with the Company's financial performance and the desire to retain certain 
cash flows to support the ongoing requirements of the business and to provide the financial flexibility to pursue revenue diversification and 
growth opportunities. Under the terms of the Secured Facilities, the Company is not permitted to declare or pay dividends, until certain 
financial conditions exist. Currently dividends have been suspended and future decisions on the resumption of dividend payments will be 
dependent on financial performance and compliance with Secured Facilities covenants. 
The Company's 2024 Q4 Free Cash FlowNG was C$0.8 million, with no dividends declared during this period. For 2023 Q4, Free Cash FlowNG 
was C$3.6 million and no dividends were declared during the period.  

 
 
 
29 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
Non-IFRS and Other Financial Measures 
This MD&A is based on reported earnings in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards and on the following non-IFRS and other financial 
measures: 
Adjusted EBITDANG and Net Operating Profit after TaxesNG 
Management believes that Adjusted EBITDANG, and Net Operating Profit After Taxes ("NOPAT")NG are important measures in evaluating the 
historical operating performance of the Company. However, Adjusted EBITDANG and NOPATNG are not recognized earnings measures under IFRS 
Accounting Standards and do not have standardized meanings prescribed by IFRS. Accordingly, Adjusted EBITDANG and NOPATNG may not be 
comparable to similar measures presented by other issuers. Readers of this MD&A are cautioned that Adjusted EBITDANG should not be 
construed as an alternative to net earnings or loss determined in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards and NOPATNG should not be 
construed as an alternative to earnings (loss) from operations determined in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards as an indicator of 
the Company's performance. 
The Company defines Adjusted EBITDANG as earnings before interest, income tax, depreciation and amortization after adjusting for the 
effects of certain non-recurring, non-operating, and items occurring outside of normal operations that do not reflect the current ongoing 
cash operations of the Company. These adjustments are provided in the following table reconciling net earnings or losses to Adjusted 
EBITDANG based on the historical financial statements of the Company for the periods indicated.  
The Company defines NOPATNG as Adjusted EBITDANG less depreciation of plant and equipment, depreciation of right-of-use assets and 
income taxes at a rate of 31%. 
($ thousands) 
2024 Q4 
2023 Q4 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Net earnings (loss) 
 18,564  
 (2,329) 
 (3,296) 
 (136,164) 
Addback 
Income taxes 
 284  
 (12,192) 
 (3,167) 
 (32,906) 
Interest expense10 
 27,798  
 37,278  
 130,940   
 152,242  
Amortization 
 19,574  
 19,678 
 80,130  
 80,780  
Loss (gain) on disposition of property, plant and equipment and 
right of use assets 
 224  
 (62) 
 192  
 789  
Loss (Gain) on debt modification13 
 -  
 1,600  
 -    
 (8,908) 
 
Loss on debt extinguishment14 
 -  
 -  
 234  
 -  
 
Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss on non-current monetary 
items and forward foreign exchange contracts 
 (12,086) 
 1,260  
 (18,617) 
 3,696  
Past service costs and other pension costs7 
 -  
 (7,000) 
 -   
 (2,236) 
Equity settled stock-based compensation 
 42  
 700  
2,233  
2,618  
Unrecoverable insurance costs and other8 
 - 
 893  
 116  
 893  
Expenses incurred outside of normal operations11 
 11,057  
 132  
 11,057  
 2,166  
Prior year sales tax provision9 
 -  
 41  
 -   
 101  
Impairment loss on intangible assets12 
 1,250  
 -  
 2,278  
 -  
Restructuring costs6 
 1,179  
 (1,544) 
 12,339  
 6,139  
Adjusted EBITDANG 
 67,886  
 38,455 
 214,438  
 69,209  
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment and right of use 
assets 
 (11,505) 
 (11,848)
 (47,781) 
 (49,370) 
Tax at 31% 
 (17,478) 
 (8,248)
 (51,664) 
 (6,150) 
NOPATNG 
 38,903  
 18,359 
 114,993  
 13,689  
Adjusted EBITDANG is comprised of: 
Manufacturing 
 35,206  
 11,094 
 84,189  
 (42,073) 
Aftermarket 
 32,770  
 29,480  
 139,541  
 120,187  
Corporate 
 (90) 
 (2,119)
 (9,292) 
 (8,905) 
 
(Footnotes on page 30) 

 
 
 
30 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
Free Cash FlowNG and Free Cash Flow per ShareNG 
Management uses Free Cash FlowNG and Free Cash Flow per ShareNG as non-IFRS measures to evaluate the Company’s operating performance 
and liquidityNG, to assess the Company’s ability to pay dividends on the Shares, service debt, pay interest on the Debentures and meet other 
payment obligations. However, Free Cash FlowNG and Free Cash Flow per ShareNG are not recognized earnings measures under IFRS 
Accounting Standards and do not have standardized meanings prescribed by IFRS. Accordingly, Free Cash FlowNG and the associated per Share 
figure may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other issuers. Readers of this MD&A are cautioned that Free Cash FlowNG 
should not be construed as an alternative to cash flows from operating activities determined in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards 
as a measure of liquidityNG and cash flow. The Company defines Free Cash FlowNG as net cash generated by or used in operating activities 
adjusted for changes in non-cash working capital items and adjusted for items as shown in the reconciliation of net cash generated by 
operating activities (an IFRS Accounting Standards measure) to Free Cash FlowNG based on the Company’s historical financial statements. 
The Company generates its Free Cash FlowNG from operations and management expects this will continue to be the case for the foreseeable 
future. Net cash flows generated from operating activities are significantly impacted by changes in non-cash working capital. The Company 
uses its Secured Facilities to finance working capital and therefore has excluded the impact of working capital in calculating Free Cash 
FlowNG.  
The Company defines Free Cash Flow per ShareNG as Free Cash FlowNG divided by the average number of Shares outstanding. 
($ thousands, except per Share figures) 
2024 Q4 
2023 Q4 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Net cash generated by (used in) operating activities 
 17,492  
 55,126  
15,340  
(63,813) 
Changes in non-cash working capital items2 
 6,894  
 (19,171) 
 54,877  
 44,962  
Interest paid2 
 30,183  
 19,110  
 121,107  
 109,389  
Interest expense2 
 (30,633) 
 (31,906) 
 (124,631) 
 (125,642) 
Income taxes paid (recovered)2 
 1,796  
 (8,407) 
 2,060  
 (29,304) 
Current income tax (expense) recovery2 
 (12,950) 
 15,873  
 (36,311) 
 11,941  
Repayment of obligations under lease 
 (7,982) 
 (7,305) 
 (24,360) 
 (21,712) 
Cash capital expenditures 
 (8,522) 
 (10,122) 
 (30,314) 
 (26,714) 
Acquisition of intangible assets 
 (7,269) 
 (2,828) 
(17,597) 
(10,274) 
Proceeds from disposition of property, plant and 
equipment 
 40  
 519  
963  
1,769  
Defined benefit funding3 
 355  
 918  
 2,830  
 3,185  
Defined benefit expense3 
 (942) 
 (694) 
 (3,771) 
 (2,779) 
Past service costs and other pension costs7 
 -   
 (7,000) 
 -  
 (7,000) 
Expenses incurred outside of normal operations11 
 11,057  
 132  
 11,057  
 2,166  
Equity hedge 
 -   
 -  
 -  
 3,765  
Unrecoverable insurance costs and other8 
 -  
 893  
 116  
 893  
Prior year sales tax provision9 
 -   
 41  
 -  
 101  
Restructuring costs6 
 1,179  
 1,011  
 12,339  
 8,691  
Foreign exchange gain (loss) on cash held in foreign 
currency4 
 (128) 
 (3,506) 
(1,517) 
(1,053) 
Free Cash FlowNG 
 570  
 2,684  
 (17,812) 
 (101,429) 
U.S. exchange rate1 
 1.4416  
 1.3246  
 1.3507  
 1.3293  
Free Cash Flow (C$)NG 
 822  
 3,555  
 (24,058) 
 (134,827) 
Free Cash Flow per Share (C$)NG, 5 
 0.0069  
 0.0299  
 (0.2022) 
 (1.4676) 
 
 
 

 
 
 
31 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
1. 
U.S. exchange rate (C$ per US$) is the average exchange rate for the period. 
2. 
Changes in non-cash working capital are excluded from the calculation of Free Cash FlowNG as these temporary fluctuations are 
managed through the Secured Facilities which are available to fund general corporate requirements, including working capital 
requirements, subject to borrowing capacity restrictions. Changes in non-cash working capital are presented on the audited 
consolidated statements of cash flows net of interest and income taxes paid. 
3. 
The cash effect of the difference between the defined benefit expense and funding is included in the determination of cash from 
operating activities. This cash effect is excluded in the determination of Free Cash FlowNG as management believes that the defined 
benefit expense amount provides a more appropriate measure, as the defined benefit funding can be impacted by special payments to 
reduce the unfunded pension liability.  
4. 
Foreign exchange gain (loss) on cash held in foreign currency is excluded in the determination of cash from operating activities under 
IFRS Accounting Standards; however, because it is a cash item, management believes it should be included in the calculation of Free 
Cash FlowNG. 
5. 
Per Share calculations for Free Cash FlowNG (C$) are determined by dividing Free Cash FlowNG by the total number of all issued and 
outstanding Shares using the weighted average over the period. The weighted average number of Shares outstanding for 2024 Q4 was 
119,034,893 and 118,961,396 for 2023 Q4. The weighted average number of Shares outstanding for Fiscal 2024 and Fiscal 2023 was 
119,008,308 and 91,866,613, respectively.  
6. 
Normalized to exclude non-operating restructuring costs. Costs primarily relate to severance costs, inefficient labour costs, increased 
medical costs and right-of-use asset impairments and inventory impairments associated with restructuring initiatives. Free Cash FlowNG 
reconciling amounts are net of right-of-use asset and property, plant and equipment impairments.  
7. 
Costs and recoveries associated with amendments to, and closures of, the Company's pension plans. 2022 Q2 includes $7.0 million for 
the liability related to the closure of MCI’s Pembina facility and withdrawal from the multi-employer pension plan. In 2023 Q4, the 
Company made the decision to continue operations of the Pembina facility indefinitely, thereby reversing the above adjustments made 
in 2022 Q2. Also included in Adjusted EBITDANG is $4.8 million of pension past service costs incurred during 2023 Q1. 
8. 
Normalized to exclude non-operating costs related to an insurance event that are not recoverable, or are related to the deductible.  
9. 
Provision for sales taxes as a result of a previous state sales tax review. 
10. Includes fair market value adjustments to interest rate swaps, cash conversion option on the Debentures, and to the prepayment 
option on the Company’s second lien debt. 2024 Q4 includes a loss of $0.6 million compared to no loss in 2023 Q4 for the interest rate 
swaps. 2024 Q4 includes a loss of $7.7 million and 2023 Q4 includes a loss of $0.5 million on the cash conversion option. The 
prepayment option had a gain of $1.1 million in 2024 Q4 and a gain of $1.1 million in 2023 Q4. 
11. Includes adjustments made related to items that occurred outside of normal operations. This includes specified items purchased in 
broker markets at a premium and associated broker fees, which the Company provided to suppliers, and does not normally directly 
purchase. Also, included is the additional $11.1 million in labour and overhead costs incurred as a result of the seat supply disruption.  
12. In 2024 Q1, the Company recognized an impairment loss on a New Product Development (“NPD”) project for $1.0 million, as well as an 
impairment loss on an internally developed intangible asset that was discontinued for $1.3 million in 2024 Q4. 
13. As a result of the Company's Refinancing, the Company had recognized an accounting gain in 2023 Q3 stemming from the modification 
made to its Secured Facilities. In 2023 Q4, an accounting loss was recorded to adjust the gain on debt modification.   
14. In 2024 Q2, the Company recognized an accounting loss for the debt extinguishment related to the amendments made to the MDC 
senior unsecured facility. 

 
 
 
32 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss)NG and Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss) per ShareNG 
Management believes that Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss)NG and the associated per Share figure are important measures in evaluating the 
historical operating performance of the Company. Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss)NG and Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss) per ShareNG are not 
recognized measures under IFRS Accounting Standards and do not have standardized meanings prescribed by IFRS. Accordingly, Adjusted Net 
Earnings (Loss)NG and Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss) per ShareNG may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other issuers. 
Readers of this MD&A are cautioned that Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss)NG and Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss) per ShareNG should not be construed 
as an alternative to net loss, or net loss per share, determined in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards as indicators of the Company's 
performance.  
The Company defines Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss)NG as net earnings (loss) after adjusting for the after tax effects of certain non-recurring, 
non-operating and items occurring outside of normal operation, that do not reflect the current ongoing cash operations of the Company. 
These adjustments are provided in the following reconciliation of net earnings (loss) to Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss)NG based on the historical 
financial statements of the Company for the periods indicated. 
The Company defines Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss)NG per share as Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss)NG divided by the average number of Shares 
outstanding.  
($ thousands, except per Share figures) 
2024 Q4 
2023 Q4 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
 
Net earnings (loss) 
 18,564  
 (2,329)  
 (3,296) 
 (136,164) 
 
Adjustments, net of tax1, 2 
 
 
 
Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss 
 (8,339) 
 869  
 (12,845) 
 2,550  
Unrealized (gain) loss on interest rate swap 
 (443) 
 -  
 351  
 6,505  
Unrealized (gain) loss on cash conversion option 
 (5,344) 
 355  
 (4,565) 
 2,730  
Unrealized gain on prepayment option of second lien 
debt3 
 (740) 
 (769) 
 (6,611) 
 (442) 
 
Accretion in carrying value of long-term debt 
associated with debt modification4 
 -  
 -  
 -    
 1,014   
Gain on debt modification5 
 -  
 1,104  
 -    
 (6,147) 
Accretion associated to gain on debt modification 
 (690) 
 (451) 
 (1,698) 
 (451) 
Loss on debt extinguishment6 
 -  
 -  
 161  
 -    
 
Equity swap settlement fee7 
 -  
 -  
 -    
 2,428  
Equity settled stock-based compensation 
 29  
 483  
 1,540  
 1,806  
Loss (gain) on disposition of property, plant and 
equipment 
 155  
 (43) 
 133  
 545   
Past service costs and other pension costs8 
 -  
 (4,830) 
 -    
 (1,543) 
Unrecoverable insurance costs and other9 
 - 
 616  
 80  
 616  
Expenses incurred outside of normal operations10 
 7,629  
 (1,191) 
 7,629  
 213  
Accretion in carrying value of convertible debt and 
cash conversion option 
 1,440  
 1,337  
 5,614  
 5,213   
Prior year sales tax provision11 
 -  
 28  
 -    
 71  
Impairment loss on intangible assets12 
 863  
 -  
 1,572  
 -    
Restructuring costs13 
 814  
 (1,065) 
 8,514  
 4,236  
Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss)NG 
 13,938  
 (5,886) 
 (3,421) 
 (116,820) 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings (Loss) per Share (basic) 
0.16  
(0.02) 
 (0.03) 
 (1.48) 
Earnings (Loss) per Share (fully diluted) 
 0.13  
 (0.02) 
 (0.03) 
 (1.48) 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss) per Share (basic)NG 
0.12  
(0.05) 
 (0.03) 
 (1.27) 
Adjusted Net Earnings (Loss) per Share (fully diluted)NG 
 0.11  
 (0.05) 
 (0.03) 
 (1.27) 
 
 
 

 
 
 
33 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
1. 
Addback items are derived from the historical financial statements of the Company. 
2. 
The Company has utilized a rate of 31.0% to tax effect the adjustments for the periods above. 
3. 
The unrealized gain on the prepayment option is related to the Company's second lien debt instrument. The gain is the result of an 
increase in the options fair value between September 29, 2024 and December 29, 2024. 
4. 
Normalized to exclude the over accretion of transaction costs relating to the Company's Secured Facilities. 
5. 
As a result of the Company's Refinancing, the Company has recognized an accounting gain stemming from the modification made to its 
Secured Facilities. 
6. 
In 2024 Q2, the Company recognized an accounting loss for the debt extinguishment related to the amendments made to the MDC 
senior unsecured facility. 
7. 
In Fiscal 2023, the Company settled its equity swaps which were used to hedge the exposure associated with changes in value of its 
Shares with respect to outstanding management restricted units ("Management RSUs") and a portion of the outstanding performance 
share units ("PSUs"), and deferred share units ("DSUs"). 
8. 
Costs and recoveries associated with amendments to, and closures of, the Company's pension plans. In 2022 Q2, $7.0 million liability 
was recorded related to the anticipated closure of MCI’s Pembina facility and withdrawal from the multi-employer pension plan. In 
2023 Q4, the Company made the decision to continue operations of the Pembina facility indefinitely, thereby reversing the above 
adjustments made in 2022 Q2. Also included is $4.8 million of pension past service costs incurred during 2023 Q1. 
9. 
Normalized to exclude non-operating costs related to an insurance event that are not recoverable, or are related to the deductible.  
10. Includes adjustments made related to items that occurred outside of normal operations. This includes specified items purchased in 
broker markets at a premium and associated broker fees, which the Company provided to suppliers, and does not normally directly 
purchase. Also included is the additional labour costs associated with the shortage of the specified item. 
11. Provision for sales taxes as a result of a previous state sales tax review. 
12. In 2024 Q1, the Company recognized an impairment loss on an NPD project for $1.0 million, as well as an impairment loss on an 
internally developed intangible asset that was discontinued for $1.3 million in 2024 Q4. 
13. Normalized to exclude non-operating restructuring costs. Costs primarily relate to severance costs, inefficient labour costs, increased 
medical costs and right-of-use asset impairments and inventory impairments associated with other restructuring initiatives. Free Cash 
FlowNG reconciling amounts are net of right-of-use asset and property, plant and equipment impairments.   
 
 
 

 
 
 
34 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
Reconciliation of Shareholders' Equity to Invested CapitalNG 
 
($ thousands) 
2024 Q4 
2024 Q3 
2024 Q2 
2024 Q1 
Shareholders' Equity 
 707,754  
 699,717  
 704,031  
 697,580  
Addback 
Long term debt 
 610,237  
 610,624  
 576,145  
 562,324  
Second lien debt 
 173,741  
 173,309  
 172,910  
 172,568  
Obligation under lease 
 129,511  
 130,020  
 131,382  
 135,959  
Convertible debentures 
 218,020  
 230,453  
 225,628  
 225,972  
Senior unsecured debt 
 50,040  
 56,210  
 54,997  
 61,081  
Derivatives 
 (10,497) 
 2,327 
 (2,740) 
 (1,783) 
Cash 
 (49,557) 
 (59,720) 
 (77,445) 
 (68,491) 
Invested CapitalNG 
 1,829,249 
 1,842,940  
 1,784,908   1,785,210  
Average of invested capitalNG over the quarter 
 1,807,077 
 1,813,922  
 1,785,059   1,791,868  
2023 Q4 
2023 Q3 
2023 Q2 
2023 Q1 
Shareholders' Equity 
 702,913  
 706,177  
 495,140  
 533,756  
Addback 
Long term debt 
 536,037  
 583,948  
 935,605  
 911,203  
Second lien debt 
 172,396  
 172,975  
 -  
 -  
Obligation under lease 
 138,003  
 130,102  
 124,405  
 127,247  
Convertible debentures 
 228,985  
 221,427  
 225,081  
 218,719  
Senior unsecured debt 
 61,796  
 60,838  
 87,363  
 86,431  
Derivatives 
 8,010  
 6,814 
 (9,422) 
 (17,164) 
Cash 
 (49,615) 
 (75,498) 
 (57,488) 
 (59,375) 
Invested CapitalNG 
 1,798,525 
 1,806,783  
 1,800,684   1,800,817  
Average of invested capitalNG over the quarter 
 1,802,654 
 1,803,734  
 1,800,751   1,776,276  
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
35 
NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
NFIGROUP.COM 
Invested CapitalNG 
Invested CapitalNG is not a recognized measure under IFRS Accounting Standards and does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by 
IFRS. Management believes that Invested CapitalNG is an important measure in evaluating the Company’s financial position. The Company 
defines Invested CapitalNG as total interest-bearing debt plus derivative liabilities plus equity less cash on hand. 
ROICNG 
ROICNG is not a recognized measure under IFRS Accounting Standards and its components do not have standardized meanings prescribed by 
IFRS. Management believes that ROICNG is an important measure in evaluating the historical performance of the Company. The Company 
defines ROICNG as NOPATNG divided by average invested capital for the last 12-month period. 
Total LiquidityNG 
Total LiquidityNG is not a recognized measure under IFRS Accounting Standards and does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS. 
The Company defines total liquidityNG as cash on-hand plus available capacity under its North American and UK Secured Facilities, without 
consideration given to the minimum banking liquidity requirement under the Secured Facilities. 
Banking LiquidityNG 
Banking LiquidityNG is not a recognized measure under IFRS Accounting Standards and does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by 
IFRS. The Company defines banking liquidityNG as cash on-hand plus available capacity under its North American Secured Facilities, without 
consideration given to the minimum banking liquidity requirement under the Secured Facilities. 
Working Capital DaysNG 
Working Capital DaysNG is not a recognized measure under IFRS Accounting Standards and does not have a standardized meaning prescribed 
by IFRS. The Company defines Working Capital DaysNG as the calculated number of days to convert working capital to cash. It is calculated by 
the number of days in the last twelve months (Fiscal 2024 - 364 days) divided by the working capital turnover ratio (total sales for the last 
twelve months divided by average working capital for the last thirteen months). 
Working Capital DaysNG is calculated based on the following line items on the audited consolidated statement of financial position: Accounts 
Receivable and Inventories less Accounts Payables and Accrued Liabilities, Deferred Revenue and Provisions. 
Book-to-Bill RatioNG 
Book-to-bill ratioNG is not a recognized measure under IFRS Accounting Standards and does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by 
IFRS.  The Company defines book-to-bill ratioNG as new firm orders and exercised options divided by new deliveries. 
BacklogNG 
BacklogNG value is not a recognized measure under IFRS Accounting Standards and does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS. 
The Company defines backlogNG as the number of EUs in the backlog multiplied by their expected selling price. 
Total Leverage RatioNG 
Total Leverage RatioNG is not a recognized measure under IFRS Accounting Standards and does not have a standardized meaning prescribed 
by IFRS. TLRNG is calculated as aggregate indebtedness of the Company, not including the Company’s Debentures and certain non-financial 
products, but including any senior unsecured or second lien indebtedness, less unrestricted cash and cash equivalents up to a maximum of 
$50 million, divided by Adjusted EBITDANG (calculated on a trailing twelve-month basis). The TLRNG was reintroduced in 2024 Q3. 
Interest Coverage RatioNG 
 
Interest Coverage RatioNG is not a recognized measure under IFRS Accounting Standards and does not have a standardized meaning 
prescribed by IFRS. ICRNG is calculated as the same trailing twelve month Adjusted EBITDANG as the Total Leverage RatioNG divided by trailing 
twelve-month interest expense on the Secured Facilities, the Debentures, any senior unsecured or second lien indebtedness and other 
interest and bank charges. 
Total Net Debt to CapitalizationNG 
Total Net Debt to CapitalizationNG is not a recognized measure under IFRS Accounting Standards and does not have a standardized meaning 
prescribed by IFRS. TNDCNG is calculated as borrowings on the Secured Facilities and any senior unsecured or second lien indebtedness, less 
unrestricted cash and cash equivalents up to a maximum of $50 million, divided by shareholders’ equity, as shown on the Company’s balance 

 
 
 
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sheet, plus borrowings on the Secured Facilities. The TNDCNG covenant excludes the impact of any actual goodwill write-downs up to a 
maximum of $100 million. 
Minimum Adjusted EBITDANG 
The Minimum Adjusted EBITDANG is not a recognized measure under IFRS Accounting Standards and does not have a standardized meaning 
prescribed by IFRS. The Minimum Adjusted EBITDANG covenant was first tested with the month ending September 30, 2023, but included 
results from the period May 1, 2023 to September 30, 2023. The covenant continued on a cumulative basis until April 30, 2024, at which 
point it became a trailing-twelve month test for the second quarter of 2024. The Minimum Adjusted EBITDANG tests were based on calendar 
month-end dates from September 2023 to June 2024. 
Senior Secured Net LeverageNG 
Senior Secured Net LeverageNG includes the Secured Facilities and is calculated as indebtedness on those facilities, less unrestricted cash 
and cash equivalents up to a maximum of $50 million, divided by Adjusted EBITDANG (calculated on a trailing twelve-month basis). The 
Senior Secured Net LeverageNG was reintroduced in 2024 Q3. 
 
 

 
 
 
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Controls and Procedures 
Internal Controls over Financial Reporting 
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining internal controls over financial reporting (“ICFR”), as defined under rules 
adopted by the Canadian Securities Administrators. ICFR were designed under the supervision of, and with the participation of, the 
President and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and the Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”). The Company’s ICFR are designed to provide 
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of Financial Statements for external purposes in 
accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards.  
Management adheres to the “Internal Control – Integrated Framework 2013” (“COSO 2013”) from the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations 
of the Treadway Commission. 
Management, under the supervision of the CEO and CFO, evaluated the design and operational effectiveness of the Company’s ICFR as of 
December 29, 2024 in accordance with the criteria established in COSO 2013, and concluded that the Company’s ICFR are effective.  
There have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during 2024 that have materially affected or are 
reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.  
ICFR, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, ICFR can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to 
financial statement preparation and may not prevent or detect all misstatements.  
Disclosure Controls 
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures in order to provide reasonable assurance that 
material information relating to the Company is made known to them in a timely manner and that information required to be disclosed is 
reported within time periods prescribed by applicable securities legislation. There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any 
system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls 
and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their 
control objectives. The Company’s CEO and CFO have concluded that disclosure controls and procedures as at December 29, 2024 were 
effective.  
 
 

 
 
 
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Appendix A  
Meaning of Certain References  
References in this MD&A to the “Company” are to NFI and all of its direct or indirect subsidiaries, including New Flyer Industries Canada ULC 
(“NFI ULC”), New Flyer of America Inc. (“NFAI”), The Aftermarket Parts Company, LLC (“TAPC”), KMG Fabrication, Inc. ("KMG"), Carfair 
Composites Inc. (“CCI”) and Carfair Composites USA, Inc. (“CCUI”, and together with "CCI", "Carfair"), The Reliable Insurance Company 
Limited, ARBOC Specialty Vehicles, LLC ("ARBOC"), New MCI Holdings, Inc. and its affiliated entities (collectively, "MCI”), NFI Holdings 
Luxembourg s.a.r.l., and Alexander Dennis Limited and its affiliated entities (collectively, "AD"). References to “New Flyer” generally refer 
to NFI ULC, NFAI, TAPC, KMG, CCI, and CCUI. References in this MD&A to “management” are to senior management of NFI and the Company. 
The Shares trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”) under the symbol NFI, and the Convertible Debentures trade on the TSX under the 
symbol NFI.DB. As at December 29, 2024, 119,021,723 Shares were issued and outstanding. Additional information about NFI and the 
Company, including NFI’s Annual Information Form and information circular, is available on SEDAR+ at http://www.sedarplus.ca. 
References to NFI's geographic regions for the purpose of reporting global revenues are as follows: "North America" refers to Canada, United 
States, and Mexico; United Kingdom and Europe refer to the United Kingdom and Europe; and "Asia Pacific" or "APAC" refers to Hong Kong, 
Malaysia, Singapore, Australia, and New Zealand. 
Forward-Looking Statements 
This MD&A contains “forward-looking information” and “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities 
laws, which reflect the expectations of management regarding the Company’s future growth, financial performance and liquidity and the 
Company’s strategic initiatives, plans, business prospects and opportunities, including the impact of and recovery from supply chain 
disruptions and plans to address them, the steps the Company plans to take to improve liquidity and the impact of tariffs, other trade 
measures and U.S. policy developments regarding federal vehicle funding. The words “believes”, “views”, “anticipates”, “plans”, 
“expects”, “intends”, “projects”, “forecasts”, “estimates”, “guidance”, “goals”, “objectives”, “targets” and similar words or expressions 
of future events or conditional verbs such as “may”, “will”, “should”, “could”, “would” are intended to identify forward-looking 
statements. These forward-looking statements reflect management’s current expectations regarding future events and the Company’s 
financial and operating performance and speak only as of the date of this MD&A. By their very nature, forward-looking statements require 
management to make assumptions and involve significant risks and uncertainties, should not be read as guarantees of future events, 
performance or results, and give rise to the possibility that management’s predictions, forecasts, projections, expectations or conclusions 
will not prove to be accurate, that the assumptions may not be correct and that the Company’s future growth, financial condition, ability to 
generate sufficient cash flow, maintain adequate liquidity and manage supply chain disruptions and the Company’s strategic initiatives, 
objectives, plans, business prospects and opportunities, will not occur or be achieved. 
The Company continues to experience various global and regional supply chain and logistics challenges, inflationary price increases for 
parts, components and other inputs used in the manufacturing processes, as well as labour shortages. The Company has taken various steps 
to mitigate these issues (including the current North American seat supply issue), but they continue to have a significant negative impact on 
the Company’s business, operating results, financial condition and liquidity. These issues may continue and/or worsen, including as the 
Company continues to ramp up production levels.  While NFI has experienced significant improvement in overall supplier performance, the 
supply of certain parts and components continues to be challenged and may deteriorate, including with respect to other parts and 
components. There can be no assurance as to if or when production operations will return to pre-pandemic production rates or deliveries. 
Supply chain issues could also potentially expose the Company to liquidated damages penalties under certain transit bus and motor coach 
purchase contracts if it is unable to meet the applicable delivery deadlines under such contacts.  While the Company is closely managing its 
liquidity, it is possible that various events (such as delayed deliveries and customer acceptances, delayed customer payments, supply chain 
issues, product recalls and warranty claims) could significantly impair the Company’s liquidity and there can be no assurance that the 
Company would be able to obtain additional liquidity when required in such circumstances. In addition, as the Company is in the process of 
ramping up production levels and an increasing percentage of the Company’s orders are ZEBs that have a higher manufacturing cost, the 
Company’s working capital requirements have increased compared to prior years. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able 
to maintain sufficient liquidity for an extended period or have access to additional capital when required in such circumstances and the 
Company’s financial performance and condition, obligations, cash flow and liquidity and its ability to maintain compliance with the 
covenants under its credit facilities may be impaired.  
The level, type, coverage and duration of tariffs and other trade measures imposed by the US and Canada is fluidly evolving and may 
continue to change and evolve in unpredictable ways. The impact of tariffs and other trade measures on general economic conditions, 
customer demand and on the Company’s business is uncertain and may be significant. Such impacts may include general inflationary 
pressures as well as new and exacerbated supply chain disruptions leading to production inefficiencies, delivery delays and additional 
liquidity deterioration. It is impossible to predict the full impact on the Company of tariffs or other trade actions, and if they are in place 
for an extended period they may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, operating results, financial condition and 

 
 
 
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NFI GROUP INC. 2024 FINANCIAL RESULTS 
 
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liquidity and may result in the Company not achieving the guidance provided above. In addition, U.S. federal funding for transit buses and 
coaches, including electric vehicles, could potentially be significantly reduced as a result of the U.S. administration’s recent executive 
orders and potential policy changes. This could significantly impact the ability of U.S. transit agencies to purchase vehicles from the 
Company, which would likely have the most significant impact on purchases of electric vehicles. There can be no assurance as to the 
continuation or future amount of U.S. federal funding for transit bus and coach purchases.  
Specific reference is made to the factors described above in this MD&A and in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual 
Information Form for a discussion of the factors that may affect forward-looking statements and information. Should one or more of these 
risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those described 
in forward-looking statements and information. Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual 
actions, events or results to differ materially from those described in forward-looking statements and information, there may be other 
factors that could cause actions, events or results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended or to occur or be achieved at all.  The 
forward-looking statements and information contained herein are made as of the date of this MD&A (or as otherwise indicated) and, except 
as required by law, the Company does not undertake to update any forward-looking statement or information, whether written or oral, that 
may be made from time to time by the Company or on its behalf. The Company provides no assurance that forward-looking statements and 
information will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. 
Accordingly, readers and investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements and information. 
 
 
 

 
 
 
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Appendix B - 2024 Fourth Quarter Bid Universe and 
Order Activity  
Demand for Transit Buses and Motor Coaches 
The Company’s "Total Bid Universe" metric tracks known active public competitions in Canada and the United States and attempts to provide 
an overall indication of anticipated heavy-duty transit bus and motor coach public sector market demand. It is a point-in-time snapshot of: 
(i) EUs in active competitions, defined as all requests for proposals received by the Company and in process of review plus bids submitted by 
the Company and awaiting customer action (what NFI considers to be active bids), and (ii) management’s forecast, based on data provided 
by operators for their fleet replacement plans, of expected EUs to be placed out for competition over the next five years.  
In 2024 Q4, active bids of 7,094 EUs were down 18.8% year-over-year, and down 19.0% from 2024 Q3. The year-over-year decline was 
primarily driven by the Total Bid Universe reaching an all-time high in 2023 resulting in NFI recording its highest quarterly new awards ever 
at 5,421 EUs in 2024 Q1. The Company ended 2024 Q4 with 3,437 bids in process, and another 3,657 bids submitted, which is expected to 
drive further new orders in 2025.  
 
The forecasted five-year North American industry procurement remains strong at 21,797 EUs. As of 2024 Q4, the Total Bid Universe was 
28,891 EUs, down from its all-time high of 31,682 EUs in 2023 Q3, with the decrease driven by new orders received in 2024. The Company 
expects that the forecasted five-year North American industry procurement will remain high in 2025 as transit agencies continue to 
formalize their short- and long-term procurement plans linked to the multi-billion funding programs announced and/or launched by 
governments in Canada and the U.S.  
 
As at 2024 Q4, 15,218 EUs, or 52.7%, of the Total Bid Universe are ZEBs.  
 
The Total Bid Universe EUs fluctuate significantly from quarter-to-quarter based on public tender activity procurement and award processes.  
 
Bids in Process (EUs) 
Bids Submitted (EUs) 
Active EUs 
Forecasted Industry  
Procurement over 5 
Years (EUs)1 
Total Bid Universe 
(EUs) 
2023 Q4 
 1,101  
 7,631  
 8,732  
 22,098  
 30,830  
2024 Q1 
 1,470  
 3,940  
 5,410  
 21,350  
 26,760  
2024 Q2 
 3,609  
 3,153  
 6,762  
 21,415  
 28,177  
2024 Q3 
 5,533  
 3,226  
 8,759  
 20,690  
 29,449  
2024 Q4 
 3,437  
 3,657  
 7,094  
 21,797  
 28,891  
1. Management’s estimate of anticipated future industry procurement over the next five years is based on direct discussions with select U.S. and Canadian 
transit authorities. This estimate includes potential public customers activity for New Flyer and MCI vehicles, but it excludes potential ARBOC and Alexander 
Dennis sales in Canada and the U.S.  
Procurement of heavy-duty transit buses and motor coaches by the U.S. and Canadian public sector is typically accomplished through formal 
multi-year contracts and purchasing schedules (state and national contracts, agency purchasing contracts), while procurement by the 
private sector in North America, the UK and Europe and Asia Pacific is typically made on a transactional basis. As a result, the Company does 
not maintain a Total Bid Universe for private sector buses and coaches.  
The sale of cutaway and medium-duty buses manufactured by ARBOC is accomplished on a transactional purchase order basis through non-
exclusive third-party dealers who hold contracts directly with the customers. Bids are submitted by and agreements are held with a network 
of dealers. Cutaway and medium-duty bus activity is therefore not included in the Total Bid Universe metric. 
Due to the transactional nature of the procurement process in the UK, European and Asia Pacific markets, Alexander Dennis does not have a 
Total Bid Universe metric like the one seen in North American public markets. Alexander Dennis does, however, maintain a current sales 
pipeline, which continued to see improvement throughout 2024. The increase in industry market demand was on display as UK and Ireland 
total market delivery volumes grew by 48% year-to-date in 2024 Q4 and continue to be driven by customers’ fleet recovery and replacement 
plans. Alexander Dennis has continued to voice concerns to UK and Scottish governments regarding the uneven playing field that exists for 
UK bus manufacturers, who support higher wages and better domestic employment rights, while combating lower-cost foreign importers 
who have no investment requirement in the UK. The Company will continue to advance those discussions with a focus on increasing domestic 
content requirements or increased tariffs to improve the playing field for domestic players. 
In Asia Pacific, the Hong Kong market is highly cyclical, and, following busier periods in 2015 through 2018, the market declined as 
anticipated. Alexander Dennis remains the market leader for double-deck buses in the Hong Kong market and expects to see stable annual 

 
 
 
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deliveries and slow recovery, reflecting typical market cyclicality, in 2025. In 2023 Q2, Alexander Dennis delivered its first battery-electric 
buses to key customers in Hong Kong and secured additional ZEB orders in this market in 2023 Q4. New Zealand and Singapore remain highly 
cyclical markets with more predictable purchasing expectations based on vehicle age; Alexander Dennis continues to see significant 
opportunities in both markets and is also pursuing additional expansion programs in South Africa and the Middle-East region.  
Order activity 
New orders (firm and options) during 2024 Q4 totaled 1,904 EUs, a 19.4% decrease from 2023 Q4. New firm and option orders for Fiscal 2024 
were 9,489 EUs, an increase of 55.0% from Fiscal 2023. This increase reflects several major awards that NFI received during the year from 
the New York City Transit Authority (for up to 2,090 EUs), New Jersey Transit (for up to 1,300 EUs) and Stagecoach UK (244 EUs). The timing 
of new orders can vary based on transit agency procurement processes, with the fourth quarter typically being a busier period tied to 
agency and operator approval meetings. 
 
2024 Q4 was an average period for option conversion, which can vary from quarter-to-quarter, with 437 EUs converted. These 437 EUs 
contributed to 865 EUs converted in Fiscal 2024, representing a conversion ratio of 76%. Further details on options are provided below 
under the "Options" section.  
In 2024 Q4, the Company received orders for 473 EUs of battery-electric, zero-emission vehicles, a decrease from the 988 EUs of ZEB orders 
in 2023 Q4 and an increase from 227 EUs of ZEB orders in 2024 Q3. These 473 EUs of ZEBs equate to 24.8% of all new firm and option orders 
for the quarter. 
 277 EUs of new firm and option orders were pending from customers at the end of 2024 Q4, where approval of the award to the Company 
had been made by the customer’s board, council, or commission, as applicable, but purchase documentation had not yet been received by 
the Company and therefore not yet included in the backlogNG.  
New Orders  
in Quarter  
(Firm and  
Option EUs) 
LTM New Orders  
(Firm and  
Option EUs) 
Option  
Conversions in  
Quarter (EUs) 
LTM Option  
Conversions (EUs) 
2023 Q4 
 2,361 
 6,121 
 54 
 404 
2024 Q1 
 5,421 
 9,669 
 131 
 491 
2024 Q2 
 1,114 
 9,866 
 129 
 331 
2024 Q3 
 1,050 
 9,946 
 168 
 482 
2024 Q4 
 1,904 
 9,489 
 437 
 865 
 
Options 
In 2024 Q4, 119 options expired, as compared to 45 options that expired in 2024 Q3, and 55 options that expired in 2023 Q4. Option expiries 
can vary significantly quarter-to-quarter. From 2021 to 2023, certain agencies allowed a portion of older options to expire as they re-
evaluated their longer-term fleet planning decisions with an increased focus on the procurement of ZEBs rather than traditional internal 
combustion engine propulsion. NFI has replenished a significant number of expired options through new orders, with its option backlogng 
growing by approximately 93% from the end of 2021 to 2024 Q4. In Fiscal 2024 the option conversion rate improved to 76.3%. The Company's 
conversion rate can vary significantly from quarter-to-quarter and should be looked at on an annual or LTM basis. 
A significant number of public transit and public coach contracts in the U.S. and Canada have a term of three to five years. In addition, 
some contracts in the UK and APAC also have multi-year terms. The table below shows the number of option EUs that have either expired or 
have been exercised annually over the past five years, as well as the current backlogNG of options that will expire each year if not exercised. 
  
2020 
2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 
2028 
2029 
Total  
A) Options Expired (EUs) 
1,202 
819 1,920 
575 
268
 
4,784 
B) Options Exercised (EUs) 
953 1,110 
638 
404 
865
 
3,970 
C) Current Options by year of expiry (EUs) 
 
 
975 
1,388 
1,388 
1,531 
3,993 
9,275 
D) Conversion rate % = B / (A+B) 
44 % 
58 % 
25 % 
41 % 
76 %
 
In addition to contracts for identified public customers, the Company has increased its focus on purchasing schedules (state and national 
contracts, and cooperative agency purchasing agreements) with the objective of having multiple available schedules, from which customers 
within a prescribed region or from defined list, can purchase. The Company is currently named on over 41 of these purchasing schedules, 
either directly or through its dealers. These schedules are not recorded in backlogNG as they do not have defined quantities allocated to the 
Company or any other original equipment manufacturer. Once a customer makes an order under one of these agreements, the purchase is 

 
 
 
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recorded as a firm order. The Company has received more than 2,500 vehicle awards from these schedules since the start of 2018, reflecting 
their growing use by North American transit agencies as a procurement alternative. 
The Company's 2024 Q4 Book-to-BillNG ratio (defined as new firm orders and exercised options divided by new deliveries) was 134.2%, an 
increase from 111.2% in 2023 Q4. This increase was driven by a decrease in deliveries and the timing of customer awards. Fiscal 2024 Book-
to-BillNG was 121.4%, an increase from 113.0% for Fiscal 2023, primarily driven by increased deliveries and the timing of customer awards.  
BacklogNG 
The Company's total backlogNG consists of buses sold primarily to U.S. and Canadian public transit and coach customers and private operators 
in the UK, US and internationally. The majority of the backlogNG relates to New Flyer transit buses for public customers with some of the 
backlogNG consisting of units from MCI, AD, and ARBOC. Options for ARBOC vehicles are held by dealers, rather than the manufacturer, and 
are not included as options in the NFI backlogNG, but are reflected to firm backlogNG when the vehicles are ordered by the dealer.  
Transit buses and motor coaches incorporating clean propulsion systems, including compressed natural gas, diesel-electric hybrid, and ZEBs, 
which consist of trolley-electric, fuel cell-electric, and battery-electric buses, represent approximately 60.0% of the total backlogNG as of 
the end of 2024 Q4, relatively flat from 59.6% as of the end of 2024 Q3. As at the end of 2024 Q4, there were 6,101 EUs of ZEBs in the 
backlogNG, representing  40.3% of the total backlogNG, relatively flat from 41.0% as at the end of 2024 Q3, and up from 35.7% as at the end of 
2023 Q4. 
 
2024 Q4 
2024 Q3 
2023 Q4 
Firm 
Orders Options 
Total 
Firm 
Orders 
Options 
Total 
Firm 
Orders 
Options 
Total 
Beginning of period 
 5,516  
 9,074  
 14,590  
 5,370  
 9,235   14,605  
 4,863  
 4,693  
 9,556  
New orders 
 1,147  
 757  
 1,904  
 998  
 52  
 1,050  
 1,371  
 990  
 2,361  
Options exercised 
 437  
 (437) 
— 
 168  
 (168) 
— 
 54  
 (54) 
— 
Shipments1 
 (1,180) 
— 
 (1,180) 
 (994) 
— 
 (994) 
 (1,227) 
— 
 (1,227) 
Cancelled/expired 
 (60) 
 (119) 
 (179) 
 (26) 
 (45) 
 (71) 
 (49) 
 (55) 
 (104) 
End of period 
 5,860  
 9,275   15,135  
 5,516  
 9,074   14,590  
 5,012  
 5,574  
 10,586  
Consisting of: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Heavy-duty transit buses 
 4,816  
 8,744  
 13,560  
 4,573  
 8,758   13,331  
 4,146  
 5,265  
 9,411  
Motor coaches 
 349  
 531  
 880  
 282  
 316  
 598  
 246  
 309  
 555  
Cutaway and medium-duty buses 
 695  
 
 695  
 661  
 
 661  
 620  
— 
 620  
Total BacklogNG 
 5,860  
 9,275   15,135  
 5,516  
 9,074   14,590  
 5,012  
 5,574  
 10,586  
 
1. Shipments do not include delivery of pre-owned coaches as these coaches are not included in the backlogNG. 
At the end of 2024 Q4, the Company's total backlogNG of 15,135 EUs (firm and options) increased by 3.7% from the end of 2024 Q3, and 
increased by 43.0% from the end of 2023 Q4. The increase was driven by record awards in 2024 Q1, offset by higher deliveries and fewer 
cancellations/expiries on a LTM basis. BacklogNG for 2024 Q4 has a total dollar value of $12.8 billion, a 6.5% increase from 2024 Q3 and a 
61.2% increase from 2023 Q4. 
The average price of an EU in total backlogNG is now $0.84 million, a 12.8% increase from 2023 Q4. This increase was driven by the impacts 
of improved pricing, increased ZEB orders and general improvements in contract margins. 
The summary of the values is provided below. 
2024 Q4 
2024 Q3 
2023 Q4 
EUs 
EUs 
EUs 
Total firm orders 
 $4,713.8 
 5,860  
 $4,168.8 
 5,516  
 $3,249.8 
 5,012  
Total options 
 $8,066.4 
 9,275  
 $7,830.5 
 9,074  
 $4,677.6 
 5,574  
Total backlogNG 
 $12,780.2 
 15,135  
$11,999.3 
 14,590  
 $7,927.4 
 10,586  
 
 
 
 

NFI is a leading provider of propulsion agnostic bus 
and coach mobility solutions. Offering a wide range of 
bus models and propulsion types, alongside 
aftermarket parts, service, training, Infrastructure 
Solutions and financing. NFI meets today’s urban 
demands for scalable smart mobility solutions. 
Together, NFI is enabling more livable cities through 
connected, clean, and sustainable transportation.
NFI has almost 9,000 team members in ten countries 
and offers the widest range of sustainable drive 
systems available, including zero-emission electric 
(trolley, battery, and fuel cell), natural gas, electric 
hybrid, and clean diesel. 
In total, NFI supports its installed base of over 
100,000 buses and coaches around the world. 
NFI’s common shares trade on the TSX under the 
symbol NFI and its convertible debentures trade on 
the TSX under the symbol NFI.DB. 
NFI Group Inc.
711 Kernaghan Avenue
Winnipeg, Manitoba
R2C 3T4
www.nfigroup.com 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Financial Statements of 
NFI GROUP INC.  
December 29, 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
Page 
Consolidated Statements of Net Loss and Total Comprehensive Earnings (Loss) 
7 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position 
8 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 
9 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
10 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
11-46 
 
 
 

 
 
 
Deloitte LLP 
360 Main Street 
Suite 2300 
Winnipeg, MB.  R3C C3Z 
Canada 
Tel: 1-204-942-0051 
Fax: 204-947-9390 
www.deloitte.ca 
Independent Auditor's Report 
 
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of NFI Group Inc. 
 
Opinion 
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of NFI Group Inc. (the “Company”), which 
comprise the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 29, 2024 and December 31, 
2023, and the consolidated statements of net loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss), changes in 
equity and cash flows for the years then ended, and notes to the consolidated financial statements, 
including material accounting policy information (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). 
In our opinion, the accompanying financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial 
position of the Company as at December 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, and its financial performance 
and its cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards (“IFRS Accounting Standards”). 
Basis for Opinion 
We conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards ("Canadian 
GAAS"). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities 
for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in 
accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in 
Canada, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. 
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our opinion. 
Key Audit Matter 
A key audit matter is a matter that, in our professional judgment, was of most significance in our audit of 
the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 29, 2024. This matter was addressed 
in the context of our audit of the consolidated financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion 
thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on this matter. 
Goodwill – ADL Manufacturing – Refer to Notes 2 and 7 of the financial statements 
Key Audit Matter Description 
Annually, the Company’s evaluation of goodwill for impairment involves the comparison of the 
recoverable amount of each of its cash generating units (“CGUs”), which is the higher of its fair value less 

 
 
costs of disposal and its value in use, to their carrying amount. The Company determined the recoverable 
amount of the ADL Manufacturing CGUs (“identified CGU”) to be the value in use, which was estimated 
using a discounted cash flow model. This required management to make significant estimates and 
assumptions including those related to future cash inflows and outflows, growth rate and discount rate.  
At the annual evaluation date, the recoverable amount of the CGU exceeded its carrying amount and no 
impairment was recognized. 
While there are several key assumptions that are required to estimate the recoverable amount of the 
identified CGU, the assumptions with the highest degree of subjectivity and impact on the recoverable 
amounts are related to the determination of forecast of future revenues, operating margins and discount 
rate. This required significant auditor attention as these estimates are subject to estimation uncertainty. 
Auditing these estimates and assumptions required a high degree of subjectivity in applying audit 
procedures and in evaluating the results of those procedures. This resulted in an increased extent of audit 
effort including the involvement of fair value specialists. 
How the Key Audit Matter was Addressed in the Audit 
Our audit procedures related to the determination of the forecasts of future revenues, operating margins 
and discount rate used to estimate the recoverable amount of the identified CGU included the following, 
among others: 
• 
Evaluated management’s ability to accurately forecast future revenues and operating margins by 
comparing actual results to management’s historical forecasts. 
• 
Evaluated the reasonableness of the forecast of future revenues and operating margins by 
comparing the forecasts to: 
o Historical revenues and operating margins 
o Known changes in the Company’s operations and its industry 
o Internal reports including production and backlog supported by contracts 
o Internal communications to management and the Board of Directors 
o Macroeconomic and market specific information 
• 
With the assistance of fair value specialists, evaluated the reasonableness of the discount rate by 
testing the source information underlying the determination of the discount rate, developing a 
range of independent estimates and comparing those to the discount rate selected by 
management. 
Other Information 
Management is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises: 
• Management's Discussion and Analysis  
• The information, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon, in the Annual 
Report.  
Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not and will not 
express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. In connection with our audit of the financial 
statements, our responsibility is to read the other information identified above and, in doing so, consider 

 
 
whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge 
obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.  
We obtained Management’s Discussion and Analysis prior to the date of this auditor’s report. If, based on 
the work we have performed on this other information, we conclude that there is a material 
misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact in this auditor’s report. We 
have nothing to report in this regard. 
The Annual Report is expected to be made available to us after the date of the auditor's report. If, based 
on the work we will perform on this other information, we conclude that there is a material misstatement 
of this other information, we are required to report that fact to those charged with governance. 
Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the 
Financial Statements 
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in 
accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards, and for such internal control as management determines is 
necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, 
whether due to fraud or error. 
In preparing the financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Company’s ability to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the 
going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Company  or to 
cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 
Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company’s financial reporting process. 
Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are 
free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that 
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an 
audit conducted in accordance with Canadian GAAS will always detect a material misstatement when it 
exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the 
aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the 
basis of these financial statements. 
As part of an audit in accordance with Canadian GAAS, we exercise professional judgment and maintain 
professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also: 
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to 
fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit 
evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting 
a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may 
involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal 
control. 
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures 
that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the 
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control.  

 
 
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting 
estimates and related disclosures made by management. 
• Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, 
based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or 
conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If 
we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s 
report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to 
modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our 
auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue 
as a going concern. 
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the 
disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in 
a manner that achieves fair presentation. 
• Plan and perform the group audit to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the 
financial information of the entities or business units within the Company as a basis for forming an 
opinion on the financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and review of 
the audit work performed for purposes of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit 
opinion. 
We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned 
scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in 
internal control that we identify during our audit. 
We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant 
ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other 
matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related 
safeguards. 
From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that 
were of most significance in the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the current period and 
are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor's report unless law or 
regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we 
determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences 
of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such 
communication. 
The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Paul Stauch. 
/s/ Deloitte LLP 
Chartered Professional Accountants 
Winnipeg, Manitoba 
March 13, 2025 
 

 
 
7 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
NFI GROUP INC.  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF NET LOSS AND TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE EARNINGS (LOSS) 
52-weeks ended December 29, 2024 ("Fiscal 2024”) and 52-weeks ended December 31, 2023 ("Fiscal 2023”) 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
 
 
Restated (note 2.16) 
Revenue (note 26) 
$     3,122,315) 
$     2,692,481) 
Cost of sales (note 4) 
2,772,872) 
2,471,716) 
Gross Profit 
      349,443) 
      220,765) 
Sales, general and administration costs and other operating expenses 
239,117) 
245,265) 
Foreign exchange loss (gain) 
1,763) 
(3,249) 
Earnings (loss) from operations 
108,563) 
(21,251) 
Loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment and right-of-use asset 
(192) 
(789) 
Gain on debt modification 
—  
8,908) 
Impairment loss on intangible assets 
(2,278) 
—  
Loss on debt extinguishment 
(234) 
—  
Unrealized foreign exchange gain (loss) on monetary items 
18,617) 
(3,696) 
Earnings (loss) before interest and income taxes 
124,476) 
(16,828) 
Interest and finance costs 
 
 
Interest on long-term debt 
88,168) 
86,456) 
Interest on convertible debt 
12,382) 
12,519) 
Interest on senior unsecured debt (note 17) 
5,581) 
10,514) 
Accretion in carrying value of long-term debt (note 18) 
9,841) 
4,415) 
Accretion in carrying value of convertible debt (note 20) 
8,136) 
7,554) 
Accretion in carrying value of senior unsecured debt (note 17) 
321) 
474) 
Interest expense on lease liability 
9,816) 
8,084) 
Other interest and bank charges 
12,382) 
5,964) 
Fair market value gain on prepayment option of second lien debt  
(note 19) 
(9,580) 
(640) 
Equity swap settlement fee 
—  
3,519) 
Fair market value loss on interest rate swap (note 25b) 
510) 
9,427) 
Fair market value (gain) loss on cash conversion option (note 20) 
(6,617) 
3,956) 
 
130,940) 
152,242) 
Loss before income tax expense 
(6,464) 
(169,070) 
Income tax expense (recovery) (note 16) 
 
 
Current income tax expense (recovery) 
36,311) 
(11,941) 
Deferred income tax recovery 
(39,479) 
(20,965) 
 
(3,168) 
(32,906) 
Net loss for the period 
$     (3,296) 
$     (136,164) 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive earnings (loss) 
 
 
Actuarial gain (loss) on defined benefit pension plan - this item will not be 
reclassified subsequently to profit or loss 
6,261) 
(4,754) 
Unrealized foreign exchange gain on translation of foreign 
operations - this item will not be reclassified subsequently to profit  
66) 
12,137) 
Total comprehensive earnings (loss) for the period 
3,031) 
(128,781) 
Net loss per share (basic) (note 22) 
$     (0.03) 
$     (1.48) 
Net loss per share (diluted) (note 22) 
$     (0.03) 
$     (1.48) 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

 
 
8 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
 
NFI GROUP INC. 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS  OF FINANCIAL POSITION   
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars) 
 
 
 
 
December 29, 2024 
December 31, 2023 
 
 
Restated (note 2.16) 
Assets 
 
 
Current 
 
 
Cash 
$                        49,557) 
$                       49,615) 
Accounts receivable (note 3, 25e) 
489,731) 
466,353) 
Inventories (note 4) 
959,633) 
762,581) 
Income tax receivable 
1,980) 
26,314) 
Other current asset (note 8, 25a) 
6,937) 
- 
Prepaid expenses and deposits 
25,342) 
18,988) 
 
1,533,180) 
1,323,851) 
Property, plant and equipment (note 5) 
192,670) 
194,474) 
Right-of-use asset (note 6) 
108,092) 
114,437) 
Derivative financial instruments (note 19, 25a, b) 
12,347) 
2,767) 
Goodwill and intangible assets (note 7) 
956,954) 
976,377) 
Accrued benefit asset (note 11) 
9,299) 
4,337) 
Other long-term assets (note 8, 25a) 
43,670) 
50,676) 
Deferred tax assets (note 16) 
57,920) 
33,041) 
 
$                   2,914,132) $                   2,699,960) 
Liabilities 
 
 
Current 
 
 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (note 9) 
627,536) 
547,626) 
Income tax payable 
4,640) 
—  
Derivative financial instruments (note 25a, b) 
1,340) 
1,481) 
Current portion of long-term liabilities (note 10) 
290,413) 
186,893) 
Senior unsecured debt (note 17) 
19,609) 
—  
 
943,538) 
736,000) 
Accrued benefit liability (note 11) 
2,511) 
3,035) 
Obligations under leases 
112,699) 
120,044) 
Deferred compensation obligation (note 12) 
1,671) 
3,198) 
Deferred revenue (note 14) 
29,323) 
14,246) 
Provisions (note 15) 
48,037) 
65,258) 
Deferred tax liabilities (note 16) 
33,315) 
46,756) 
Derivative financial instruments (note 20, 25a, b) 
2,855) 
9,296) 
Senior unsecured debt (note 17) 
30,431) 
61,796) 
Long-term debt (note 18) 
610,237) 
536,037) 
Second lien debt (note 19) 
173,741) 
172,396) 
Convertible debentures (note 20) 
218,020) 
228,985) 
 
$                   2,206,378) $                   1,997,047) 
Commitments and contingencies (note 18) 
 
 
Shareholders' equity 
 
 
Share capital (note 21) 
1,241,397) 
1,240,163) 
Stock option and restricted share unit reserve (note 13) 
14,249) 
13,673) 
Accumulated other comprehensive income 
10,736) 
4,409) 
Deficit 
(558,628) 
(555,332) 
 
$                      707,754) $                      702,913) 
 
$                   2,914,132) $                   2,699,960) 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

 
9 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
 
NFI GROUP INC. 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
For the period ended December 29, 2024  
(in thousands of U.S. dollars) 
 
Share Capital 
Stock Option 
and Restricted 
Share Unit 
Reserve 
Accumulated 
Other 
Comprehensive 
(Loss) Income 
Deficit 
Total  
Shareholders’  
Equity 
Balance, January 1, 2023 (restated) 
$ 
988,218  $ 
11,285  $       (2,979) $ 
(419,168) $ 
577,356  
Net loss 
 
—   
—   
—   
(136,164)  
(136,164) 
Other comprehensive gain 
 
—   
—  
7,388 
—  
7,388  
Equity transaction cost 
(10,476) 
—  
—  
—  
(10,476) 
Share-based compensation, net of deferred income taxes 
 
—  
2,756   
—   
—  
2,756  
Shares issued – private placement 
170,458  
—  
—  
—  
170,458  
Shares issued 
91,963   
(368)  
—  
—  
91,595  
Balance, December 31, 2023 
$  1,240,163  $ 
13,673  $ 
4,409  $ 
(555,332) $      702,913  
Net loss 
 
—   
—   
—  
(3,296) 
(3,296) 
Other comprehensive gain 
 
—   
—  
6,327   
—   
6,327  
Equity transaction cost 
7  
—  
—  
—  
7  
Share-based compensation, net of deferred income taxes 
 
—  
1,753   
—   
—  
1,753  
Shares issued (note 21) 
1,227  
 
(1,177)  
—   
—  
50  
Balance, December 29, 2024 
$ 1,241,397  $ 
14,249  $ 
10,736  $ 
(558,628) $ 
707,754  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.  
 
 

 
10 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
 
NFI GROUP INC. 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
52-Weeks ended December 29, 2024 ("Fiscal 2024”) and 52-weeks ended December 31, 2023 ("Fiscal 2023)  
(in thousands of U.S. dollars) 
 
2
0
2
4
2
0
2
3
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Operating activities 
 
 
 
 
Net loss for the period 
$ 
(
$ 
(
$     (3,296) 
 $      (136,164) 
Income tax recovery 
 
3
 
(
 (3,168) 
 (32,906) 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
1
0
1
3
47,782  
49,370   
Amortization of intangible assets 
 
7
32,348   
31,410  
Impairment loss on intangible assets 
—
—
2,278  
—  
Share-based compensation 
 
2
6
7
2,233  
2,618  
Interest and finance costs recognized in profit or loss 
3
8
4
0
147,137   
148,926  
Gain on fair value adjustment for total return swap 
—
(
2
—  
(3,765) 
Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss on monetary items 
1
(
1
(18,617) 
3,696  
Foreign exchange loss on cash held in foreign currency 
4
0
1
3
1,517  
1,053  
(Gain) loss on fair value adjustment for cash conversion option 
5
1
(6,617) 
3,315  
Gain on fair value adjustment for prepayment option 
(
5
4
7
(9,580) 
— 
Loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment 
1
1
(
1
192  
789  
Impairment recovery on property, plant and equipment 
— — 
— 
(2,558) 
Gain on debt modification 
— 
(
1
— 
(8,908) 
Loss on debt extinguishment 
—
—
234  
—  
Past service costs 
—
—
—   
4,764  
Defined benefit expense  
1
6
9
3,771   
2,779   
Defined benefit funding  
(
9
(
9
(2,830) 
(3,185) 
Cash generated by operating activities before non-cash working capital items and 
interest and income taxes paid 
4
5
 
193,384   
 
61,234  
Changes in non-cash working capital items (note 23) 
(
3
(
1
(54,877) 
(44,962) 
Cash generated by operating activities before interest and income taxes paid 
1
0
(
5
138,507  
16,272  
Interest paid 
(
4
(
3
(121,107) 
(109,389) 
Income taxes (paid) recovered 
(
9
2
1
(2,060) 
29,304  
Net cash generated by (used in) operating activities 
(
4
(
3
15,340  
(63,813) 
Financing activities 
 
 
 
 
Repayment of obligations under lease 
(
3
(
4
(24,360) 
(21,712) 
Proceeds (repayment) from revolving credit facilities 
4
2
(
1
50,054  
(192,401) 
Share issuance 
1
3
2
6
50  
262,055  
Share issuance recovery (cost) 
—
(
1
7  
(10,476) 
Proceeds on other long-term liabilities 
—
1
8
—  
18,374  
(Repayment) proceeds from senior unsecured debt 
—
(
2
(5,000) 
61,996  
Net cash generated by financing activities 
3
8
6
7
20,751  
117,836   
Investing activities 
 
 
 
 
Acquisition of intangible assets 
(
3
(
3
(17,597) 
(10,274) 
Proceeds from disposition of property, plant and equipment 
6
6
1
963   
1,769  
Disposition of (investment in) long-term restricted deposits 
—
(
9
5,379  
(18,123) 
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment (note 26) 
(
7
(
8
(30,314) 
(26,714) 
Proceeds from government grants used to acquire assets 
 
 
6,937 
— 
Net cash used in investing activities 
(
1
(
1
(34,632) 
(53,342) 
Effect of foreign exchange rate on cash 
(
4
(
1
(1,517) 
(1,053) 
Decrease in cash 
(
1
1
8
(58) 
(372) 
Cash —  beginning of period 
7
7
5
7
49,615 
49,987  
Cash —  end of period 
$ 
59 $ 
$ 
49,557 
$ 
49,615  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.  
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
 
11 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
1. 
CORPORATE INFORMATION 
1.1 
Corporate information 
NFI Group Inc. (“NFI”) was incorporated on June 16, 2005 under the laws of the Province of Ontario (NFI and its subsidiaries collectively 
referred to as the “Company”). The Company is a leading independent global bus manufacturer providing a comprehensive suite of 
mass transportation solutions under brands: New Flyer® (heavy-duty transit buses), Alexander Dennis ("AD") (single and double-deck 
buses), Plaxton (motor coaches), MCI® (motor coaches), ARBOC® (low-floor cutaway and medium-duty buses) and NFI Parts™ 
(aftermarket parts sales). NFI’s common shares (the “Shares”) are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”) under the symbol 
“NFI”. NFI's convertible debentures are listed on the TSX under the symbol "NFI.DB". 
These audited consolidated financial statements (the "Statements") were approved by NFI's board of directors (the "Board") on March 
13, 2025. 
2. 
SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
The material accounting policies applied in the preparation of these Statements are set out below. These policies have been 
consistently applied to all periods presented, unless otherwise stated. 
2.1 
Basis of preparation 
The Statements were prepared on a going concern basis in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS®) (“IFRS 
Accounting Standards”) which require management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of 
accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenue and expenses.  
2.2 
Principles of consolidation 
The Statements include the accounts of the Company's subsidiaries.  
Subsidiaries are entities over which NFI has control, where control is achieved when NFI: has power over the investee; is exposed, or 
has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee; and has the ability to use its power to affect its returns. NFI 
holds 100% of the voting rights in, and therefore controls, all of its subsidiaries. 
The effects of potential voting rights that are currently exercisable are considered when assessing whether control exists. Subsidiaries 
are fully consolidated from the date control is transferred to NFI, and are de-consolidated from the date control ceases. 
The acquisition method of accounting is used to account for the acquisition of subsidiaries as follows: 
• 
cost is measured as the fair value of the assets given, equity instruments issued and liabilities incurred or assumed at the date of 
exchange, and business acquisition related expenses are expensed as incurred; 
• 
identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed are measured at their fair values at the acquisition date; 
• 
the excess of acquisition cost over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill; and 
• 
if the acquisition cost is less than the fair value of the net assets acquired, the fair value of the net assets is reassessed and any 
remaining difference is recognized directly in the consolidated statements of net loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss). 
Inter-company transactions between subsidiaries are eliminated on consolidation. 
2.3 
Reportable Segments 
The Company’s reportable segments are organized around the markets it serves and are reported in a manner consistent with the 
internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”). The President and Chief Executive Officer of NFI has 
authority for resource allocation and assessment of the Company’s performance and therefore acts as the CODM. 
2.4 
Foreign currency 
The Company operates with multiple functional currencies. The Statements are presented in U.S. dollars as this presentation is most 
meaningful to financial statement users. References to “$” are to U.S. dollars, references to “C$” are to Canadian dollars, references 
to "£" are to British pounds sterling. For those subsidiaries with different functional currencies, exchange rate differences arising from 
the translation of items that form part of the net investment in the foreign operation are recorded in unrealized foreign exchange gain 
(loss) on translation of foreign operations in other comprehensive earnings (loss). 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
12 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
2. 
SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) 
Monetary balances denominated in a currency other than U.S. dollars are translated at the rates of exchange existing at the end of the 
period, and the results of the operations are translated at average rates of exchange over the period. Non-monetary balances are 
translated at the exchange rate prevailing at the date of the transaction. 
Foreign exchange gains and losses that relate to borrowings, non-current monetary items and non-current forward foreign exchange 
contracts are presented in the consolidated statements of net loss and comprehensive earnings (loss) within “unrealized foreign 
exchange gain (loss) on non-current monetary items”. 
All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the consolidated statements of net loss and total comprehensive earnings 
(loss) within “foreign exchange loss (gain) ”. 
2.5 
Revenue recognition 
Manufacturing Operations  
Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists in the form of a written contract.  A process is in place that initiates a pre-shipment 
acceptance by the customer at the Company’s plant.  This acceptance prior to shipment mitigates the likelihood of customer’s 
dissatisfaction with the final product upon delivery to the customer. Revenue is recorded when the vehicle is delivered, shipped, or 
picked up by the customer.  The customer does not have a legal right to return the delivered products after the acceptance period, or 
deviate from the agreed upon price. The Company’s contract clearly identifies a fixed and determinable price. 
In connection with its sales of new coaches, the Company at times agrees to accept a pre-owned coach in exchange and gives the buyer 
a credit equal to the pre-owned coach's then-current fair value. Any credit provided to the customer in excess of the fair value of the 
pre-owned coach is deducted from the selling price of the new coach.  
When a single sale transaction requires the delivery of more than one product or service (multiple performance obligations), the 
revenue recognition criteria are applied to the separately identifiable performance obligations. A performance obligation is considered 
to be separately identifiable if the product or service delivered has stand-alone value to that customer and the fair value associated 
with the product or service can be measured reliably. The amount recognized as revenue for each performance obligation is its fair 
value in relation to the fair value of the contract as a whole.  Management has determined that the standard base warranty included in 
the bus or coach purchase is not a separate performance obligation and therefore recognized upon delivery of the vehicle.  
The Company sells extended warranty contracts that provide coverage in addition to the basic coverage. Proceeds from the sale of 
these contracts are deferred and amortized into revenue over the extended warranty period commencing at the end of the basic 
warranty period. 
The Company also receives proceeds from the sale of extended warranties relating to major subsystems such as engines, transmissions, 
axles, batteries, fuel cells, and air conditioning that are purchased for the customer from the original equipment manufacturer 
(“OEM”). Revenue is not recognized on these proceeds, as the Company is an agent to the transaction. 
The Company, from time-to-time, may enter into arrangements with customers where the customer has requested that the Company 
defer shipping a vehicle and instead hold it for a specified period until the customer is able to take possession. The Company 
recognizes revenue for bill and hold arrangements when the arrangement is substantive, the product is identified separately as 
belonging to the customer and ready for physical transfer to the customer, and the Company cannot use the product or allocate it to 
another customer. The Company does not recognize revenue on any bus or coach firm or option orders that have not yet been delivered 
except on bill and hold arrangements. The Infrastructure SolutionsTM business sources, installs and commissions electric vehicle 
chargers, and constructs the related charging infrastructure. Revenues related to the supply, installation and commissioning of electric 
vehicle chargers are recognized upon delivery. Revenues related to construction of charging infrastructure are recognized over time 
using the cost-to-cost input method. The cost-to-cost method measures the Company's progress toward completion based on the total 
costs incurred relative to the total estimated contract costs. 
Operating lease revenue is recorded on a straight-line basis in the period earned over the life of the contract and is recognized in 
revenue in the consolidated statements of net loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss) due to its operating nature.  
Aftermarket Operations 
Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists in the form of an authorized sales order.  The customer is invoiced, and revenue is 
recorded at the time the part is delivered using a commercial shipper. For parts not kept in stock, the parts required by the customer 
and shipment details are provided to the supplier and the parts are shipped from the supplier directly to the customer's location, these 
transactions are recorded on a gross basis as the Company is the principal in the arrangement. 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
13 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
2. 
SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) 
The price list for parts clearly identifies a fixed and determinable price, while also describing that the Company has no legal obligation 
to accept the return of goods other than on defective and/or warrantable parts product. Aftermarket parts revenue does not contain 
any revenue related to the bus or coach warranty. 
2.6 
Employee benefits 
For defined benefit pension plans and other post-employment benefits, the net periodic pension expense is actuarially determined by 
independent actuaries using the projected unit credit method. Actuarial remeasurement is comprised of actuarial gains and losses, the 
effect of the changes to the asset ceiling (if applicable) and the return on plan assets (excluding interest), and is reflected immediately 
in the consolidated statements of financial position with a charge or credit recognized in other comprehensive income in the period in 
which they occur. Remeasurement recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) is reflected immediately in accumulated other 
comprehensive income and will not be reclassified to profit or loss. Past service cost is recognized in profit or loss in the period of a 
plan amendment. Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate at the beginning of the period to the net defined benefit 
liability or asset. Defined benefit costs are comprised of service costs (including current service cost, past service cost gains on 
curtailments and settlements), net interest expense or income and remeasurement. 
The asset or liability recognized in the consolidated statements of financial position is the present value of the defined benefit 
obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets, together with adjustments for past service costs. The 
present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows using interest rates of 
high-quality corporate bonds that are denominated in the currency in which the benefits will be paid and that have terms to maturity 
approximating the terms of the related pension liability. For funded plans, surpluses are recognized only to the extent that the surplus 
is considered recoverable. Recoverability is primarily based on the extent to which the Company can unilaterally reduce future 
contributions to the plan. 
Payments to defined contribution plans are expensed as incurred, which is as the related employee service is rendered. 
 
2.7 
Share-based compensation plans   
The Company operates cash-settled and equity-settled share-based compensation plans under which it receives services from executive 
management and non-employee members of the Board. 
For the cash-settled plans (note 13), the expense is determined based on the fair value of the liability at the end of the reporting 
period until the awards are settled. Certain share-based compensation plans include non-market performance conditions. The 
Company`s accounting policy is to recognize the impact of non-market performance conditions by adjusting the number of awards that 
are expected to vest. At the end of each reporting period, the Company re-assesses its estimates of the number of awards that are 
expected to vest and recognizes the impact of the revisions on compensation expense (note 27) in the consolidated statements of net 
loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss).  
For the equity-settled plans (note 13), share-based payments to executive management are measured at the fair value of the equity 
instruments at the grant date. The fair value is measured at grant date and each tranche is recognized on a graded-vesting basis over 
the period in which the options vest. The offset to the recorded cost is the stock option reserve. Consideration received on the exercise 
of stock options is recorded as share capital and the related stock option reserve is transferred to share capital. Upon expiry, the 
recorded value is transferred to retained earnings. At the end of each reporting period, the Company revises its estimate of the number 
of equity instruments expected to vest. The impact of the revision of the original estimates, if any, is recognized in the consolidated 
statements of net loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss) such that the cumulative expense reflects the revised estimate, with a 
corresponding adjustment to the stock option reserve.  Where the terms and conditions of options are modified, the increase in the fair 
value of the options, measured immediately before and after the modification, is also charged to the consolidated statements of net 
loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss). 
2.8 
Cash  
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand, demand deposits and investments with an original maturity at the date of purchase 
of three months or less. 
2.9 
Accounts receivables 
Accounts receivables are amounts due from customers from the rendering of services or sale of goods in the ordinary course of 
business. Accounts receivables are classified as current assets if payment is due within one year or less. Accounts receivables are 
recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost, less impairment, if any. 
The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts and sales adjustments to provide for impairment of trade receivables. The 
expense relating to doubtful accounts is included within “Sales, general and administration costs and other operating expenses” in the  
consolidated statements of net loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss). 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
14 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
2. 
SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) 
2.10  
Inventories 
Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The cost of inventories is based on the first-in first-out 
principle, and includes expenditures incurred in acquiring the inventories, production or conversion costs and other costs incurred in 
bringing inventories to their existing location and condition. In the case of finished goods inventories and work in progress, cost 
includes an appropriate share of production overheads based on normal operating capacity. Net realizable value is the estimated selling 
price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and selling expenses. 
2.11 
Property, plant and equipment 
Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost reduced by applicable investment tax credits, less accumulated depreciation and 
impairment losses. Depreciation is calculated at the following annual rates: 
Building and building improvements 
4% declining-balance basis 
Machinery and equipment 
25% declining-balance basis 
Demo buses and coaches 
20% - 50% straight-line basis 
Computer hardware and software 
30% declining-balance basis 
Office equipment 
20% declining-balance basis 
Buses and coaches available for lease 
20% - 50% straight-line basis 
Property, plant and equipment are tested for impairment as described under “Impairment of non-financial assets” in note 2.15. 
2.12 
Right-of-use assets 
At inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease based on whether the contract conveys a 
right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.  
The Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially 
measured based on the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement 
date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the 
underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received. The assets are depreciated based on the lease 
term of the asset using the straight-line method. The lease term includes periods covered by an option to extend if the Company is 
reasonably certain to exercise that option. Lease terms are as follows:  
Land, building and building improvements 
4 - 35 years 
Machinery and equipment 
15 months - 5 years 
Automobiles 
13 months - 3 years 
Office equipment 
14 months - 5 years 
The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at commencement date, 
discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if the rate cannot be determined, the Company uses its incremental 
borrowing rate. The lease liability is measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a 
change in the future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate or if the Company changes its assessment of whether it 
will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option.  
When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, 
or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero. 
The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases 
that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. The lease payments associated with these leases are 
recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
15 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
2. 
SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)  
2.13 
Intangible assets 
Identifiable intangible assets are initially recorded at cost. Based on management’s forecasts and business plans and the going concern 
of the Company, the trade names intangible asset (note 7) has been deemed to have an indefinite life, except for the "NABI Parts" 
tradename which is amortized over its useful life of 12 years. For purposes of impairment testing, the fair value of trade names is 
determined using an income approach.  
Intangible assets that have a finite life are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as 
follows: 
Patents and Licenses 
5-12 years 
Backlog of sales orders 
1-2 years 
Customer relationships 
21 years 
Internally developed intellectual property 
5-7 years 
Identifiable intangible assets with finite and indefinite lives are tested for impairment as described under “Impairment of non-financial 
assets” in note 2.15. 
2.14 
Goodwill 
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the Company’s share of the net identifiable assets of 
the acquired business at the date of acquisition. Separately recognized goodwill is tested at the end of every reporting period for 
possible impairment when there are events or changes in circumstances that indicate that their carrying amounts may not be 
recoverable and also tested annually for impairment.  Goodwill is carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Gains and losses 
on the disposal of an entity include the carrying amount of goodwill relating to the entity sold. 
2.15 
Impairment of non-financial assets  
Non-financial assets with finite lives are tested at the end of every reporting period for possible impairment when there are events or 
changes in circumstances that indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. In addition, non-financial assets that are 
not amortized are subject to an annual impairment assessment. The carrying values of identifiable intangible assets with indefinite 
lives are tested annually for impairment because they are not amortized. Impairment is determined by comparing the recoverable 
amount of such assets with their carrying amounts. Any impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the asset’s carrying 
amount exceeds its recoverable amount within earnings of continuing or discontinued operations, as appropriate.  
The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less cost to sell or its value in use. For the purpose of assessing 
impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows or cash generating units 
(“CGUs”). The Company evaluates impairment losses for potential reversals, other than goodwill impairment, when events or changes 
in circumstances warrant such consideration. 
2.16        Provisions 
Provisions represent liabilities to the Company for which the amount or timing is uncertain. Provisions are recognized when the 
Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be 
required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated. Provisions are not recognized for future operating losses, 
unless the losses relate to an onerous contract. 
Provisions are measured at the present value of the expenditures expected to be required to settle the obligation using a discount rate 
that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. Provisions are re-measured 
as at each consolidated statements of financial position date using the then current discount rate. The increase in the provision due to 
passage of time is recognized as interest expense. 
At the time of sale, a provision for warranty claims relating to the base warranty on the entire bus or motor coach and a corrosion 
warranty on the related structure, is recorded and charged against operations. This warranty provision is based upon management's 
best estimate of expected future warranty costs utilizing past claims experience. Actual warranty expenditures are charged against the 
provision as incurred. 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
16 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
2. 
SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) 
A provision for onerous contracts is recognized when the expected benefits to be derived by the Company from a contract are lower 
than the unavoidable cost of meeting its obligations under the contract. The provision is measured at the present value of the lower of 
the expected cost of terminating the contract and the expected net cost of continuing with the contract. Before a provision is 
established, the Company recognizes any impairment loss on the assets associated with that contract. 
In the current year, management identified that certain warranties were incorrectly classified and accounted for as service-type rather 
than assurance-type. The correction of this error resulted in an immaterial prior period adjustment between Deferred Revenue and 
Warranty Provision amounting to $17.4 million and increase to revenue and cost of sales of $7.3 million. This change had no effect on 
net loss, total equities, cash flows, or EPS. 
2.17 
Long-term debt and second lien debt 
Long-term debt and second lien debt are recognized initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Debt is subsequently 
stated at amortized cost with any difference between the proceeds and the amortized cost recognized in the consolidated statements 
of net loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss) over the term of the debt using the effective interest method. 
Debt is classified as a current liability unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least 12 months after 
the date of the consolidated statements of financial position. 
2.18 
Convertible debentures 
Convertible debentures issued by NFI are convertible unsecured debentures that can be converted to share capital at the option of the 
holder. Upon conversion, NFI has the option to pay the holder in share capital or cash, this creates a derivative liability. The host 
liability component of the financial instrument is recognized initially at fair value of a similar liability that does not have a conversion 
option, net of transaction costs incurred, and is subsequently stated at amortized cost with any difference between the proceeds and 
the amortized cost recognized in the consolidated statements of net loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss). 
The cash conversion option, net of transaction costs is treated as an embedded derivative which is recognized at fair value through 
profit and loss. 
 
2.19 
Financial instruments 
Financial assets 
Purchases and sales of financial assets are recognized on the settlement date, which is the date on which the asset is delivered to or by 
the Company. Financial assets are derecognized when the rights to receive cash flows from the investments have expired or were 
transferred and the Company has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership. Financial assets are classified in the 
following categories at the time of initial recognition based on the purpose for which the financial assets were acquired: 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
Classification 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are financial assets held for trading or designated as fair value through profit or loss. 
A financial asset is classified in this category if acquired principally for the purpose of selling in the short-term or if so designated by 
management. Assets in this category include derivative financial instruments and are classified as short or long term assets in the 
consolidated statements of financial position. 
Recognition and measurement 
Financial assets are initially recognized at fair value and subsequently carried at fair value through profit and loss, with changes 
recognized in the consolidated statements of net loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss). Transaction costs are expensed as 
incurred. 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
17 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
2. 
SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) 
Financial assets carried at amortized cost 
Classification 
Financial assets classified as amortized cost are non-derivative financial assets that the Company intends to hold in order to collect the 
contractual cash flows and have fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. They are included in current 
assets, except for those with maturities greater than 12 months after the date of the consolidated statements of financial position, 
which are classified as non-current assets. Assets in this category include accounts receivables, income tax receivables, deposits and 
cash and are classified as current assets in the consolidated statements of financial position. 
Recognition and measurement 
Financial assets carried at amortized cost are initially recognized at fair value plus transaction costs and subsequently carried at 
amortized cost using the effective interest method. 
Financial liabilities carried at amortized cost 
Financial liabilities primarily consist of accounts payable and accrued liabilities, derivative financial instruments, convertible debt, 
other long-term liabilities and long-term debt. Financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value and subsequently measured at 
amortized cost unless classified as fair value through profit or loss.  
Hedge accounting and derivative instruments 
The Company enters into foreign currency, interest rate, and share forward contract derivatives to manage the associated risks. 
Derivatives are initially recognized at fair value on the date a contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair 
value. Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments are recognized in the consolidated statements of net loss and total 
comprehensive earnings (loss), except for effective changes for designated derivatives under hedge accounting. 
Cash Conversion Option 
An embedded derivative is a derivative component attached to a non-derivative contract. The Company has an embedded derivative, 
the cash conversion option of NFI’s convertible debentures (note 20). The cash conversion option meets separation criteria outlined in 
IFRS 9.4.3.3, and is recognized and measured separately from convertible debentures. This embedded derivative is measured in 
accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards, measured initially at fair value, with changes in fair values recognized within the 
consolidated statements of net loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss). 
Prepayment option on second lien debt  
An embedded derivative is a derivative component attached to a non-derivative contract. The Company has an embedded derivative, 
the prepayment option of the Company’s second lien debt (note 19). The prepayment option meets separation criteria outlined in IFRS 
9.4.3.3, and is recognized and measured separately from second lien debt. This embedded derivative is measured in accordance with 
IFRS Accounting Standards, measured initially at fair value, with changes in fair values recognized within the consolidated statements 
of net loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss). 
2.20 
Taxation 
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognized in the consolidated statements of net loss and total comprehensive 
earnings (loss) except to the extent it relates to items recognized directly in equity, in which case the related tax is recognized in 
equity. 
Current tax expense is based on the results for the period as adjusted for items that are not taxable or not deductible. Current tax is 
calculated using the tax rates under the laws that were enacted or substantively enacted at the date of the consolidated statements of 
financial position. 
Deferred tax is accounted for using the liability approach and is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on temporary 
differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the consolidated statements of financial position and the 
corresponding tax base used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax is calculated based on the expected manner of 
realization or settlement of the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates that are expected to apply to the year of 
realization or settlement based on tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted at the date of the consolidated statements of 
financial position. 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
18 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
2. 
SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) 
Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which the deductible 
temporary differences can be utilized, unless the deferred tax asset arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a 
transaction that is not a business combination, and at the time of the transaction, affects neither accounting profit nor taxable profit 
or loss. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed as at the date of each consolidated statements of financial position and 
reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be 
recovered. 
Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences except to the extent that the deferred tax 
liability arises from: the initial recognition of goodwill; or the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction which is not a 
business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither accounting profit nor taxable profit (tax loss). As well, 
deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries except where the 
reversal of the temporary difference can be controlled and it is probable that the difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 
International Tax Reform - Pillar two model rules 
In May 2023, the IASB amended IAS 12, Income taxes, for International tax reform - Pillar two Model Rules. The amendments to IAS 12 
have been introduced in response to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development’s BEPS Pillar Two rules and include a 
mandatory temporary exception to the recognition and disclosure of deferred taxes arising from the jurisdictional implementation of 
the Pillar Two model rules and disclosure requirements for affected entities. The Company has adopted the mandatory temporary 
exception relating to deferred income taxes related to Pillar Two. In June 2024, Canada enacted its Pillar Two legislation which is 
effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2024. The Pillar Two legislation did not have a material impact 
on the Statements. 
2.21 
Investment tax credits 
The Company has earned investment tax credits (“ITCs”) relating to a percentage of eligible current and capital research and 
development expenditures incurred in each taxation year.  ITCs are recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the Company 
will comply with the associated conditions and the grants will be received. The ITCs are recognized either as a reduction in cost of 
sales on the consolidated statements of net loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss), or as a reduction in intangibles, or property, 
plant and equipment, depending on where the original costs which gave rise to the credits were recorded. 
2.22  
Vendor Rebates 
The Company records certain consideration received from a vendor, which is probable and can be reasonably estimated, as a reduction 
of the cost of purchases during the period. 
2.23 
Critical accounting estimates and judgments 
Estimates and judgments are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of 
future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. 
Critical accounting estimates and assumptions 
Management makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom 
equal the actual results. Estimates are reviewed on a regular basis and, as adjustments become necessary, they are reported in the 
consolidated statements of net loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss) in the periods in which they become known. The assets and 
liabilities which require management to make significant estimates and assumptions in determining carrying values include inventories, 
property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, goodwill, provisions, accrued benefit liability, deferred compensation obligation, and 
deferred income taxes. 
Information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment are 
addressed below. 
Inventories  
The value associated with inventory require management to make estimates associated with allocating labour and overhead costs to 
inventory in the period.  Determining the net realizable values of inventory also requires management to make significant estimates. 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
19 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
2. 
SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) 
Property, plant and equipment 
The value associated with property, plant and equipment is dependent on the estimated useful lives and the residual value of the 
assets.  Actual results will vary from these estimates. 
Intangible assets and goodwill 
The values associated with the initial recognition and impairment tests of the intangible assets and goodwill involve significant 
estimates and assumptions, including those with respect to future cash inflows and outflows, discount rates and asset lives. 
These significant estimates are subject to the Company’s future results. These determinations will affect the amount of amortization 
expense on intangible assets recognized in future periods. 
Management assesses impairment by comparing the recoverable amount of an intangible asset or goodwill with its carrying value. The 
determination of the recoverable amount involves significant estimation by management. 
Management has determined that for purposes of this evaluation the Company has five CGUs: North American bus/coach 
manufacturing, ARBOC, AD manufacturing, AD aftermarket parts operations, and NFI Parts – North American aftermarket parts 
operations. 
Goodwill is allocated to the Company’s five CGUs for the purpose of impairment testing.  The Company performs its annual test for 
impairment of goodwill in the fourth quarter of each year and also when indicators of impairment exist.  
Insurance provisions 
Estimated provision around the Company’s insurance risk retention involves significant estimates.  Management estimates the related 
provision based on historical information, as well as any available information on actual claims.  Management engages an actuary to 
assist with these calculations, but future experience could vary significantly from historical information. 
Accrued benefit liability 
The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows using interest 
rates of high-quality corporate bonds that are denominated in the currency in which the benefits will be paid and that have terms to 
maturity approximating the terms of the related pension liability. Determination of benefit expense requires assumptions such as the 
discount rate to measure obligations and return on assets, the projected age of employees upon retirement, life expectancy and the 
expected rate of future compensation changes.  
Actual results will differ from results which are estimated based on assumptions. See note 2.6 for certain assumptions made with 
respect to employee benefits. 
Deferred compensation obligation 
The deferred compensation obligation is based on estimated future results of the Company.  These results could vary significantly from 
actual future results.  This would result in a significant change to the future compensation expense. 
Income taxes 
Estimation of income taxes includes evaluating the recoverability of deferred tax assets based on an assessment of the Company’s 
ability to utilize the underlying future tax deductions against future taxable income before they expire. Management’s assessment is 
based upon existing tax laws and estimates of future taxable income. If the assessment of the Company’s ability to utilize the 
underlying future tax deductions changes, the Company would be required to recognize more or fewer of the tax deductions as assets, 
which would decrease or increase the income tax expense in the period in which this is determined. 
The Company is subject to taxation in multiple jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining the worldwide provision 
for taxation. There are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain during the ordinary 
course of business. The Company maintains provisions for uncertain tax positions that it believes appropriately reflect its risk with 
respect to tax matters under active discussion, audit, dispute or appeal with tax authorities, or which are otherwise considered to 
involve uncertainty. These provisions for uncertain tax positions are made using management’s best estimate of the amount expected 
to be paid based on a qualitative assessment of all relevant factors. Management reviews the adequacy of these provisions as at the 
date of each consolidated statements of financial position. However, it is possible that at some future date an additional liability could 
result from audits by taxing authorities. Where the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts that were initially 
recorded, such differences will affect the tax provisions in the period in which such determination is made. 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
20 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
2. 
SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) 
Provision for warranty and campaign costs 
The Company offers warranties on the buses and coaches it sells. Management estimates the related provision for future warranty 
claims and campaigns based on historical warranty claim information, as well as recent trends that might suggest that past cost 
information may differ from future claims. Factors that could impact the estimated claim information include quality initiatives, as 
well as parts and labour costs. 
Critical judgments in applying accounting policies 
The following critical judgments that were made by management have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the 
Statements. 
Revenue recognition 
As described in note 2.5, management assessed the criteria for the recognition of revenue related to arrangements that have multiple 
components as set out in IFRS 15. Also, judgment is necessary to determine when components can be recognized separately and the 
allocation of the related consideration allocated to each component. 
Also as described in note 2.5, management assessed the criteria for the recognition of revenue in an agency relationship related to the 
sale of extended warranties that are purchased for the customer from the OEM as set out in IFRS 15. 
Functional currency 
Management assessed the criteria for the determination of functional currency as set out in IAS 21. An entity is required to place the 
greatest weight on the currency that influences the pricing of the transactions or the primary economic environment in which the 
entity operates, rather than focusing on the currency in which the transactions are denominated in. Items included in the financial 
statements of each consolidated entity of the Company are measured using the functional currency. The Statements are presented in 
the U.S. dollar, which is the Company's functional and presentation currency. 
The financial statements of entities that have a functional currency different from that of the Company's (“foreign operations”) are  
translated into U.S. dollars. All resulting changes are recognized in other comprehensive income as cumulative translation adjustments. 
Goodwill 
Judgment is required in the selection of CGUs and the allocation of assets and liabilities to these CGUs, which is necessary to assess the 
impairment of long-term assets, goodwill and intangible assets. 
2.24 
New standards adopted 
IAS 1 – Presentation of Financial Statements 
 
Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current, which amends IAS 1, was issued January 2020 and October 2022, effective for 
annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2024. This clarified a criterion in IAS 1 for classifying a liability as noncurrent: 
the requirement for an entity to have the right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period. 
Management assessed that this standard does not have a material impact on the audited consolidated financial statements and that the 
Company is in compliance with the required disclosure. 
 
IAS 7 & IFRS 7 – Supplier financing arrangements - disclosures 
The Company has adopted the disclosure requirements under IAS 7 and IFRS 7, effective for the fiscal period ending December 29, 
2024. The Company has elected not to present select comparative information as permitted upon first time adoption of the standard. 
The required disclosures, including details on supplier finance arrangements, terms, payment due dates, liquidity risk, and liability 
breakdowns, are included in note 9. 
 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
21 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
2. 
SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) 
2.25 
Standards issued but not yet adopted 
IFRS 18 – Presentation and Disclosure in Financial Statements 
 
IFRS 18 sets out requirements for the presentation and disclosure of information in the consolidated financial statements to help ensure 
they provide relevant information that faithfully represents the Company’s assets, liabilities, equity, income and expenses. IFRS 18 
replaces IAS 1 - Presentation of Financial Statements once effective. Initial adoption of the requirements under IFRS 18 will be 
obligatory for annual reporting periods on or after January 1, 2027. Management is currently assessing the impact of these standards on 
the Statements. 
 
IFRS 7 and 9 - Amendments to the Classification and Measurement of Financial Instruments 
 
The changes set criteria for derecognition of a financial liability settled through electronic transfer and include amendments for the 
classification of financial assets involving contractual terms that are consistent with a basic lending arrangement, assets with non-
recourse features, and contractually linked instruments. Disclosure requirements change for investments in equity instruments 
designated at fair value through other comprehensive income and include a new requirement for disclosure of contractual terms that 
could change the timing or amount of contractual cash flows based on a contingent event that does not relate directly to changes in 
basic lending risks and costs. 
 
IFRS 7 and 9 – Amendments for contracts referencing nature-dependent electricity related to hedge accounting 
 
The changes relate to designation of contracts relating to nature-dependent electricity as hedging instruments and their disclosure 
requirements. Under the amendments an entity is permitted to designate as the hedged item a variable nominal amount of forecast 
electricity transactions that is aligned with the variable amount of nature-dependent electricity expected to be delivered by the 
generation facility as referenced in the hedging instrument. 
 
Initial adoption of the amendments under IFRS 7 and 9 will be obligatory for annual reporting periods on or after January 1, 2026. 
Management is currently assessing the impact of these standards on the Statements. 
 
 
3. 
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE 
December 29, 2024 
December 31, 2023 
Trade, net of allowance for doubtful accounts (note 25e) 
$ 
449,081  $ 
430,261  
Other 
 
40,650   
36,092  
$ 
489,731  $ 
466,353  
 
 
4. 
INVENTORIES 
 
 
December 29, 2024 
December 31, 2023 
Raw materials 
$ 
394,521  $ 
360,575  
Work in process 
477,398  
331,119  
Finished goods 
87,714  
70,887  
$ 
959,633  $ 
762,581  
 
 
 
2
0
2
0
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Cost of inventories recognized as expense and included in cost of sales 
$ 
$ 
$ 
2,647,729 
$ 
2,363,585 
Write-down of inventory to net realizable value in cost of sales 
1
,
2
3
7
3
4,413 
2,331 
Reversals of a previous write-down in inventory 
— 
9
1
— 
225 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
22 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
 
5. 
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 
 
Land, building 
and building 
improvements 
Machinery  
and  
equipment 
Computer 
hardware  
and 
software 
Office 
equipment 
Demo 
buses 
and 
coaches 
Buses and 
coaches 
available 
for lease 
Total 
Cost 
$ 
119,053  $ 
230,017  $ 
58,741  $ 
8,059  $ 53,283  $ 
24,915   494,068  
Accumulated depreciation 
26,522  
155,130  
43,750  
6,098  
43,973  
22,812   298,285  
January 1, 2023 net book value 
92,531  
74,887   
14,991   
1,961  
9,310   
2,103   195,783  
Additions 
 
9,140   
13,482   
1,856  
 
15  
2,171  
50   
26,714  
Transfer (to) from inventory 
 
—  
(57)  
—   
—  
897  
 
(1,752)
(912) 
Disposals 
 
(2,306)  
(143) 
— 
— 
— 
—  
(2,449) 
Depreciation charge 
 
(4,183)  
(16,622)  
(4,240)  
(363)  (4,268) 
 
(257)  (29,933) 
Reversal of impairment  
 
2,558  
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
2,558  
Cumulative translation adjustment 
 
534  
1,918  
103  
1  
157  
 
— 
2,713  
December 31, 2023 net book value 
 
98,274   
73,465   
12,710   
1,614  
8,267  
144   194,474  
Additions 
 
6,800   
17,923   
2,220  
(66) 
703  
2,734   
30,314  
Transfer (to) from inventory 
(3,168) 
514  
(163)  
—   
(58)  
(1,885)  
(4,760) 
Disposals 
 
(212)  
(293)  
(3)  
—   
(15)  
—  
 
(523) 
Depreciation charge 
 
(4,027)  
(16,524)  
(3,625)  
(164)  (4,193) 
 
(625)  (29,158) 
Cumulative translation adjustment 
 
(208)  
2,685  
(10) 
 
(5)  
(139)  
— 
 
2,323 
December 29, 2024 net book value 
$ 
97,459  $ 
77,770  $ 
11,129  $ 
1,379  $ 4,565  $ 
368  $ 192,670 
 
 
Land, building 
and building 
improvements 
Machinery  
and  
equipment 
Computer 
hardware  
and 
software 
Office 
equipment 
Demo 
buses 
and 
coaches 
Buses and 
coaches 
available 
for lease 
Total 
Recorded as: 
Cost 
$ 
128,979  $ 245,217  $ 
60,700  $ 
8,075  $ 56,508  $ 
23,213  $522,692  
Accumulated depreciation 
30,705  
171,752  
47,990  
6,461  
48,241  
23,069  328,218  
December 31, 2023 net book value 
$ 
98,274  $ 
73,465  $ 
12,710  $ 
1,614  $    8,267  $ 
   144  $ 194,474  
Cost 
$ 
132,191  $ 266,046  $ 
62,744  $ 
8,004  $ 56,999  $ 
24,062  $ 550,046  
Accumulated depreciation 
34,732  
188,276  
51,615  
6,625  
52,434  
23,694  357,376  
December 29, 2024 net book value 
$ 
97,459  $ 
77,770  $ 
11,129  $ 
1,379  $ 
4,565  $          368  $ 192,670  
 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
 
23 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
6. 
RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS 
Land, building 
and building 
improvements 
Machinery  
and  
equipment 
Computer 
hardware  
and software 
Total 
Cost 
$ 
151,036  $ 
50,402  $ 
15,191  $ 
216,629  
Accumulated Depreciation 
 
53,257   
42,063   
13,678  
108,998  
January 1, 2023 net book value 
 
97,779  
8,339  
1,513   
107,631  
Additions 
 
21,421  
4,867   
1,610   
27,898  
Disposals 
 
(1,976)  
(70)  
—   
(2,046) 
Depreciation charge 
 
(13,249)  
(5,403)  
(785)  
(19,437) 
Cumulative translation adjustment 
385  
6   
—  
 
391 
December 31, 2023 net book value 
104,360  
7,739   
2,338   
114,437  
Additions 
9,069  
4,372   
1,212  
14,653  
Modification 
(1,742) 
— 
— 
(1,742) 
Disposals 
 
(593)  
(39)  
—  
 
(632) 
Depreciation charge 
 
(13,328)  
(4,337)  
(960)  
(18,625) 
Cumulative translation adjustment 
117  
(116)  
—  
 
1  
December 29, 2024 net book value 
$ 
97,883  $ 
7,619  $ 
2,590  $ 
108,092  
 
Land, building 
and building 
improvements 
Machinery  
and  
equipment 
Computer 
hardware  
and software 
Total 
Recorded as: 
 
Cost 
 
170,866   
55,205   
16,801   
242,872  
Accumulated Depreciation 
 
66,506   
47,466   
14,463   
128,435  
December 31, 2023 net book value 
 
104,360  
7,739   
2,338   
114,437  
Cost 
 
177,717   
59,422   
18,013   
255,152  
Accumulated Depreciation 
 
79,834   
51,803   
15,423   
147,060  
December 29, 2024 net book value 
$ 
97,883  $ 
7,619  $ 
2,590  $ 
108,092  
  
Total cash outflows for payments on lease liabilities was $32.8 million for the period ended December 29, 2024 (2023: $29.8 million) of 
which $22.7 million (2023: $21.7 million) was for principal repayments.                                            
The Company assessed the extension periods embedded within each lease for inclusion in the lease liabilities on a lease-by-lease basis. 
When it determined it was reasonably certain to exercise the extension option within the lease, the Company has included those 
extension periods in the initial recognition of the right-of-use asset and lease liability. Significant leases where assumptions have been 
made are long-term building leases. 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
 
24 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
7. 
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS 
Goodwill 
Trade 
names 
Patents 
and 
Licenses 
Customer 
relationships 
Internally 
developed 
intellectual 
property 
Total 
Cost 
$ 409,703  $ 265,497  $ 154,448  $ 
516,642  
$ 
11,338  
$ 1,357,628  
Accumulated amortization 
—  
2,338   
147,567   
220,553  
749  
 
371,207  
January 1, 2023 net book value 
 
409,703  
263,159  
6,881   
296,089  
10,589  
986,421  
Additions 
—  
—  
33   
—  
10,241  
10,274  
Amortization charge 
—  
(275)  
(6,454)  
(23,878)  
(803)
 
(31,410) 
Cumulative translation adjustment 
3,468 
2,262  
231  
 
5,572  
(441) 
 
11,092  
December 31, 2023 net book value 
 
413,171  
265,146  
691   
277,783  
19,586  
 
976,377  
Additions 
—  
—  
37   
—  
 
17,560  
 
17,597  
Amortization charge 
—  
(275) 
 
(724)  
(28,888) 
(2,461) 
 
(32,348) 
Impairment loss 
—  
—   
—   
—  
(2,278) 
 
(2,278) 
Cumulative translation adjustment 
(656) 
(563) 
 
13  
 
(426) 
 
(762) 
 
(2,394) 
December 29, 2024 net book value 
$ 412,515  $ 264,308  $ 
17  $ 
248,469  
$ 
31,645  
$ 
956,954  
Recorded as: 
Cost 
$ 413,171  $ 267,759  $ 154,712  $ 
522,214  
$ 
21,138  
 1,400,732  
Accumulated amortization 
—  
2,613   
154,021   
244,431  
1,552  
 
424,355  
December 31, 2023 net book value 
413,171  
265,146  
691   
277,783  
 
19,586  
 
976,377  
Cost 
412,515  
267,196   
154,485   
520,712  
 
35,658  
 1,412,304  
Accumulated amortization 
—  
2,888   
154,468   
272,243  
4,013  
 
455,350  
December 29, 2024 net book value 
$ 412,515  $ 264,308  $ 
17  $ 
248,469  
$ 
31,645  
$ 
956,954  
In 2024 Q1, the Company recognized an impairment loss on a New Product Development (“NPD”) project for $1.0 million. As well as an 
impairment loss on an internally developed intangible asset that is discontinued for $1.3 million in 2024 Q4. 
The Company performed its annual impairment test on goodwill and indefinite-life intangible assets for all CGUs. The recoverable 
amount of the Company’s CGUs is determined based on the greater of value-in-use calculations and fair value less costs to sell. Value-
in-use calculations, which was determined to be the recoverable amount, use estimated cash flow projections based on adjusted 
financial plans approved by the Board covering five-year periods and discount rates based on weighted average cost of capital of similar 
businesses. 
The discount rates used in the estimation of the recoverable amount for all CGUs are set out below. 
CGUs 
2024 
2023 
North America Bus and Coach manufacturing 
14.0 to 15.0% 
14.5 to 15.5% 
ARBOC 
14.8 to 15.8% 
15.0 to 16.3% 
AD manufacturing 
13.8 to 14.8% 
13.5 to 14.8% 
AD parts 
14.0 to 15.0% 
13.5 to 14.8% 
NFI Parts 
13.3 to 14.3% 
14.3 to 15.5% 
Cash flows beyond this period are extrapolated using a steady estimated growth rate based on the long-term average annual growth 
rate of 3% for each industry in which the CGUs operate. Management has determined planned cash flows based on a projected 
production schedule, past performance and expectations of market development. The discount rates used reflect specific risks relating 
to the relevant CGUs. 
Sensitivity testing is conducted as part of the annual impairment tests. Management believes that any reasonable change in the key 
assumptions used to determine the recoverable amounts would not result in an impairment at the North American bus/coach 
manufacturing CGU, ARBOC CGU, AD parts CGU or NFI Parts CGU. 
Impairment of the AD manufacturing CGU may result if a combination of the following changes occurs: 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
 
25 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
7. 
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Continued) 
• 
The discount rate is higher by at least 1.0% 
• 
The long-term growth rate is lower by 1.0% 
 
 
8. 
OTHER LONG-TERM ASSETS 
December 29, 2024 
December 31, 2023 
Restricted deposit(s) (note 25b)  
$ 
46,999  $ 
45,441  
Long-term accounts receivable 
 
3,608   
5,235  
Less: Current portion of restricted deposits(s) 
(6,937) 
— 
$ 
43,670  $ 
50,676  
Long-term restricted deposit(s) is collateral for certain of the Company's letters of credit. 
On March 22, 2024, the Company entered into a contribution agreement with Manitoba Development Corporation (“MDC”), in which the 
Company received CAD$10 million on December 6, 2024 for the purpose of improving its production capabilities for zero-emission 
buses. In accordance with IAS 7.48, the Company is required to disclose restricted cash and cash equivalent balances relating to the 
agreement. At December 29, 2024, the funds received and restricted for use as outlined in the agreement totaled $7.0 million and are 
disclosed in the current portion of restricted deposit(s) line item above. 
 
 
 
9. 
SUPPLIER FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS 
On August 11, 2014, the Company entered into an agreement with Santander UK PLC (“SANUK”) pursuant to which SANUK may elect to 
purchase underlying receivables from suppliers of the Company in advance of their corresponding invoices’ maturity dates. The 
Company is required to submit these invoices to SANUK for payment and must reimburse SANUK the full value of these invoices by their 
maturity dates. This arrangement is considered a supplier finance arrangement under IFRS 7 and IAS 7. Financing provided by SANUK 
under this arrangement is subject to a total limit of £20 million. Invoices submitted to SANUK must have a maturity date greater than 3 
business days and must not exceed 121 calendar days to qualify for financing. Carrying amounts of liabilities arising from supplier 
finance arrangements are presented below: 
December 29, 2024 
December 31, 2023 
Amounts for which 
suppliers have 
received payment 
Total 
Total 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
$ 
 11,920 $ 
      18,814 $                      17,918 
$                  11,920 $ 
      18,814 $                      17,918
 
Range of payment due dates 
December 29, 2024 
Liabilities that are part of supplier finance arrangements 
90 days following the end of month invoice 
was raised 
Comparable trade payables that are not part of a supplier finance arrangement 
90 days following the end of month invoice 
was raised 
 
Non-cash changes 
There were no non-cash transfers arising from supplier finance arrangements during either fiscal 2023 or 2024. 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
26 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
10. CURRENT PORTION OF LONG-TERM LIABILITIES 
December 29, 2024 
December 31, 2023 
 
Restated (Note 2.16) 
Deferred revenue (note 14) 
$ 
220,601  $ 
136,965  
Provisions (note 15) 
 
49,062   
30,761  
Deferred compensation obligation (note 12) 
 
3,939 
1,208  
Obligations under leases 
 
16,811   
17,959  
$ 
290,413  $ 
186,893  
 
 
 
11.  ACCRUED BENEFIT ASSET 
Defined benefit plan  
Certain of the Company's subsidiaries have defined benefit plans which cover certain employees in Canada and the United States. 
Actuarial valuations for the Company's subsidiaries were last performed as at December 31, 2023.  
Information in respect of the Company's defined benefit plans is as follows: 
 
December 29, 2024 
December 31, 2023 
Change in plan assets 
Plan assets at fair value — beginning of period 
$        92,313  
$        85,062  
Interest income 
4,108  
 
4,183  
Remeasurement gains - return on plan assets (excluding amounts in net interest) 
 
7,815  
2,797  
Administrative (expenses) income 
 
(393) 
1,509  
Employer’s contributions 
2,982  
3,240  
Benefits paid 
 
(4,577) 
 
(6,454) 
Foreign exchange (loss) gain 
 
(8,122) 
 
1,976  
Plan assets at fair value — end of period 
94,126  
 
92,313  
Change in defined benefit obligation 
Defined benefit obligation — beginning of period 
91,011  
73,244  
Current service cost 
3,800  
 
3,199  
Interest cost 
4,036  
 
3,814  
Benefits paid 
 
(4,577) 
 
(6,454) 
Foreign exchange (gain) loss 
 
(7,654) 
1,917  
Past service costs 
— 
4,764 
Actuarial loss arising from changes in financial assumptions 
722  
10,527  
Defined benefit obligation — end of period 
 
87,338  
 
91,011  
Accrued benefit asset - present value of unfunded obligations 
$         6,788  
$ 
1,302  
The actual return on the plan assets for Fiscal 2024 was $11,923 (Fiscal 2023: $6,980). 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
 
27 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
11.  ACCRUED BENEFIT ASSET (Continued) 
The significant actuarial assumptions adopted in measuring the Company’s accrued benefit obligation and net pension plan expenses 
are as follows: 
 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Country 
Mortality Table 
Discount Rate 
Canada 
CPM2014 Private sector with Scale MI-2017 with size adjustment 
4.60 % 
4.60 % 
Canada 
CPM2014 Private combined with the MI-2017 improvement scale 
3.96% - 4.74% 4.57% - 4.95% 
US 
Private-2012 MP2021 
4.75 % 
4.95%
 
Discount rate - sensitivity 
Life expectancy - sensitivity 
1% increase 
1% decrease one year increase one year decrease 
Country 
Last valuation date Next valuation date 
Then obligation 
would decrease 
by: 
Then obligation 
would increase 
by: 
Then obligation 
would increase 
by: 
Then obligation 
would decrease 
by: 
Canada 
Dec. 31, 2023 
Dec. 31, 2025 
12.9 % 
16.1 % 
1.1 % 
1.1 % 
Canada 
Dec. 31, 2023 
Dec. 31, 2025 
12.1 % 
15.3 % 
11.8 % 
11.8 % 
The defined benefit plans typically exposes the Company to actuarial risks such as: investment risk, interest rate risk and longevity 
risk. 
Investment risk 
The present value of the defined benefit plan liability is calculated using a discount rate determined by reference to high quality 
corporate bond yields; if the return on plan assets is below this rate, it will create a plan deficit. Management believes the plans 
currently have a relatively balanced investment in equity securities and debt instruments. Due to the long-term nature of the plan 
liabilities, the Company's pension committee considers it appropriate that a reasonable portion of the plan assets should be invested in 
equity securities to leverage the return generated by the fund. 
Interest rate risk 
A decrease in the bond interest rate will increase the plan liability; however, this will be partially offset by an increase in the return on 
the plan’s debt investments. 
Longevity risk 
The present value of the defined benefit plan liability is calculated by reference to the best estimate of the mortality of plan 
participants both during and after their employment. An increase in the life expectancy of the plan participants will increase the plan’s 
liability. 
The Company’s defined benefit plans are a fixed benefit plan and, as a result, the rate of compensation increases does not have any 
impact on the actuarially determined accrued benefit liability. Future expected contributions to the defined benefit plan for the 52-
week period ending December 29, 2024 are $2,912. 
The Company's defined benefit pension plan expense, included in cost of sales and sales, general and administration costs and other 
operating expenses is as follows: 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Current service costs 
$ 
3,800  $ 
3,199  
Past service costs 
— 
4,764 
Net interest income 
(72) 
(369) 
Administrative expenses (income) 
393 
(1,509) 
Foreign exchange gain 
(350)  
(48) 
Components of defined benefit costs recognized in net loss 
$ 
3,771 $ 
6,037  
 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
 
28 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
11.  ACCRUED BENEFIT ASSET (Continued) 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Remeasurement gains - return on plan assets (excluding amounts in net interest) 
$             7,815  
$ 
2,797  
Actuarial loss arising from changes in financial assumptions 
(722) 
(10,527) 
Foreign exchange gain 
169  
29  
7,262   
(7,701)  
Deferred income taxes recorded through other comprehensive earnings (loss) 
(1,001) 
 
2,947  
Net actuarial gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive earnings (loss) 
$ 
6,261  $ 
(4,754)  
An analysis of the assets of the plans by investment category is provided as follows: 
December 29, 2024 
December 31, 2023 
Asset category 
Cash and cash equivalents 
0.6% 
0.8% 
Canadian equities 
6.6% 
9.1% 
Foreign equities 
37.0% 
44.1% 
Real estate 
14.3% 
0.0% 
Bonds 
41.5% 
46.0% 
100.0 % 
100.0 % 
 
 
 
12. DEFERRED COMPENSATION OBLIGATION 
December 29, 2024 
December 31, 2023 
Performance share units under the PRSU Plan (officers and senior management) 
 1,671  
708 
Restricted share units under PRSU Plan (officers and executive management) 
1,413  
1,208  
Deferred share units under DSU Plan (non-employee board of directors) 
2,526  
2,490  
5,610  
4,406  
Less: current portion (note 10) 
3,939  
1,208  
$ 
1,671  $ 
3,198  
Effective December 17, 2012, the Board approved the Performance and Restricted Share Unit Plan (the “PRSU Plan”) and it was 
amended on December 16, 2013, December 18, 2018 and August 5, 2020. The terms of the amended PRSU Plan govern awards made on 
or after the 2014 plan year, 2018 plan year and August 2020, respectively. 
The purposes of the PRSU Plan are to attract, retain and motivate key personnel, reward officers and executive management and to 
align their interests with those of shareholders by making a significant portion of their incentive compensation directly dependent on 
achieving key strategic, financial and operational objectives that are crucial to the ongoing growth and profitability of the Company.  
Under the terms of the PRSU Plan, the Human Resources, Compensation and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board may grant 
eligible participants performance share units (“PSUs”) or restricted share units (“RSUs”), which give the holders thereof the right to 
receive, upon vesting and redemption of a unit, a cash payment equal to the fair market value of a Share at the time of redemption.  
When dividends are paid on a Share, additional units equivalent to the amount of the dividends multiplied by the number of PSUs and 
RSUs held (and determined based on the then fair market value of the Shares) are credited to a participant’s account. The actual value 
of a PSU on the settlement date is contingent on the Share price and the Company’s actual performance over a three-year period 
relative to the established objectives. 
The actual value of an RSU on the settlement date is contingent on the Share price only and RSUs generally vest and settle as to one-
third on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. PSUs and RSUs also immediately vest upon a participant's 
termination without cause or resignation for good reason within a specified period of time following the closing of a transaction 
resulting in certain change of control events and upon certain terminations of employment. 
  
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
 
29 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
12. DEFERRED COMPENSATION OBLIGATION (Continued) 
RSUs and PSUs granted in Fiscal 2024 were determined based on the volume weighted average trading price of a Share for the last five 
trading days of 2023 and the desired compensation value. 
As well, the Board adopted NFI’s Deferred Share Unit Plan for Non-Employee Directors (the "DSU Plan") on November 7, 2011 and it was 
amended and restated on December 8, 2015, December 18, 2015, March 14, 2019 and September 14, 2020. Pursuant to the plan, non-
employee directors may elect once each calendar year to receive all or a portion of their annual retainer and meeting fees in the form 
of deferred share units (“DSUs”) and RSUs instead of cash. A DSU is the right to receive a cash payment based on the value of a Share 
credited by means of a bookkeeping entry to an account in the name of the non-employee director. DSUs are credited to the director’s 
account on the first day of each calendar quarter, the number of which is determined by dividing the amount of the applicable portion 
of the director’s elected amount by the volume weighted average trading price of a Share for the last five trading days.   
When dividends are paid on a Share, additional DSUs equivalent to the amount of the dividend multiplied by the number of DSUs held 
(and determined based on the then fair market value of the Shares) will be credited to the director’s account. At the end of the 
director’s tenure as a member of the Board, the director will be entitled to receive a cash redemption payment equal to the fair 
market value of a share multiplied by the number of DSUs held. 
PSUs 
RSUs 
DSUs 
Total 
Units outstanding at January 1, 2023 
—  
74,127 
220,858 
294,985 
Units granted 
313,302   
156,652   
76,368  
546,322 
Units expired 
 
(5,508)  
 (3,153)  
 
—   
(8,661) 
Units redeemed 
 
—   
 (27,450)  
(40,352) 
(67,802) 
Vested and reclassified as current liability 
—  
(70,991)  
 
—  
(70,991) 
Units outstanding at December 31, 2023 
307,794  
129,185  
256,874  
693,853  
Units granted 
286,748  
143,374  
58,443  
488,565  
Units expired 
 
(39,045) 
(20,964) 
 
—  
 
(60,009) 
Units redeemed 
— 
(98,250) 
(37,174) 
(135,424) 
Vested and reclassified as current liability 
— 
(20,601) 
 
—  
(20,601)
Units outstanding at December 29, 2024 
555,497  
132,744  
278,143  
966,384  
Vested units 
— 
 
—  
278,143  
278,143  
Unvested units 
555,497  
132,744  
 
—  
688,241  
 
 
 
 
13. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION - EQUITY SETTLED 
The Board adopted a Share Option Plan (the “2013 Option Plan”) for NFI on March 21, 2013, under which employees of NFI and certain 
of its affiliates may receive grants of options for shares. The 2013 Option Plan was amended and restated on December 8, 2015, 
December 31, 2018 and August 5, 2020. A maximum of 3,600,000 Shares are reserved for issuance under the 2013 Option Plan. The 
options vest one-quarter on the first grant date anniversary and an additional one-quarter on the second, third and fourth anniversary 
of the grant date. The 2013 Option Plan expired on March 21, 2023, after which point no new options can be granted under the 2013 
Option Plan. 
The Board adopted a new share option plan on March 12, 2020 (the "2020 Option Plan"), which was approved by shareholders on May 7, 
2020 and amended on August 5, 2020, under which employees of NFI and certain of its affiliates may receive grants of options for 
shares.  A maximum of 3,200,000 Shares are reserved for issuance under the 2020 Option Plan. The options become vested as to one-
quarter on the first grant date anniversary and an additional one-quarter on the second, third and fourth anniversary of the grant date. 
Directors who are not employed with NFI are not eligible to participate in the 2013 Option Plan and the 2020 Option Plan. 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
 
30 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
13. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION - EQUITY SETTLED (Continued) 
Option Grant 
dates 
Number 
Exercised 
Expired 
Vested 
Unvested 
Expiry date 
Exercise 
price 
Fair Value 
at grant 
date 
September 8, 2016 
2,171  
—  
(2,171) 
—  
—  September 8, 2024 
C$42.83 
 C$8.06  
January 3, 2017 
151,419 
(1,610) 
(11,888) 
(137,921)  
—  
January 3, 2025 
C$40.84 
 C$7.74  
January 2, 2018 
152,883  
—  
(30,942) 
(121,941)  
—  
January 2, 2026 
C$54.00 
 C$9.53  
January 2, 2019 
284,674  
—  
(62,446)  
(222,228) 
— 
January 2, 2027 
C$33.43 
 C$5.01  
July 15, 2019 
2,835  
—   
—   
(2,835) 
— 
July 15, 2027 
C$35.98 
 C$4.90  
December 31, 2019 
519,916  
—   
(141,495)  
(378,421) 
— December 31, 2027 
C$26.81 
 C$3.36  
December 28, 2020  
255,956   
—   
(57,026)  
(198,930)  
—
December 28, 2028 
C$24.70 
C$6.28 
February 10, 2021 
1,894  
—   
(1,894)
— 
— December 28, 2028 
C$28.74 
 C$6.28  
August 16, 2021 
601  
—   
—   
(451)  
150  
August 16, 2029 
C$30.79 
C$6.28 
January 3, 2022 
311,892  
—  
(48,974) 
(131,468) 
131,450 
January 3, 2030 
C$20.26 
C$6.10 
April 1, 2022 
1,728  
—   
—  
(864) 
864 
April 3, 2030 
C$16.25 
C$6.51 
January 9, 2023 
374,448 
(1,369) 
(19,683) 
(87,326) 
266,070 
January 9, 2031 
C$10.46 
C$5.28 
January 2, 2024 
314,835 
— 
(33,286) 
— 
281,549 
January 2, 2032 
C$13.54 
C$7.12 
March 5, 2024 
2,894 
— 
— 
— 
2,894 
March 5, 2032 
C$11.76 
C$6.24 
June 3, 2024 
8,196 
— 
— 
— 
8,196 
January 2, 2032 
C$15.38 
C$8.22 
2,386,342 
(2,979) 
(409,805) (1,282,385) 
691,173 
C$24.25 
 
 
 
The following reconciles the share options outstanding: 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Number 
Weighted average 
exercise price 
Number 
Weighted average 
exercise price 
Balance at beginning of period 
2,018,117 
 C$26.00  
1,910,057 
C$27.41 
Granted during the period 
 
325,925  
 C$13.57  
374,448  
C$10.46 
Expired during the period 
(369,115) 
 C$24.64   
(266,388) 
C$14.32 
Exercised during the period 
(1,369) 
C$10.46 
— 
— 
Balance at end of period 
1,973,558 
C$24.25 
2,018,117 
C$26.00 
 
Fair values were measured based on the Black-Scholes formula. Expected volatility is estimated by considering historic average share 
price volatility. The inputs used in the measurement of the fair values of the share-based payment plans granted in Fiscal 2024 and 
Fiscal 2023 are the following: 
Options grant date 
January 2, 2024 
January 9, 2023 
Fair value at grant date (C$) 
$7.12 
$5.28 
Share price (C$) 
$13.54 
$10.46 
Exercise price (C$) 
$13.54 
$10.46 
Expected volatility 
54.90% 
51.77% 
Option life (expected weighted average life) 
5.5 years 
5.5 years 
Expected dividends 
0.00% 
0.00% 
Risk-free interest rate (based on government bonds) 
3.18% 
3.28% 
 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
 
31 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
13. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION - EQUITY SETTLED (Continued) 
 
On May 8, 2014, shareholders’ approved the Company’s Restricted Share Unit Plan for Non-Employee Directors (the “Director RSU 
Plan”). The Director RSU Plan was amended and restated on December 8, 2015, December 31, 2017, March 14, 2019 and September 14, 
2020.  A maximum of 500,000 Shares are reserved for issuance under the Director RSU Plan. Pursuant to the Director RSU Plan, non-
employee directors are permitted to elect, once each calendar year, to receive all or a portion of their annual retainer in the form of 
restricted share units ("Director RSUs") and/or DSUs instead of cash.  A Director RSU is a right to acquire a fully-paid and non-assessable 
Share credited by means of a bookkeeping entry to an account in the name of the non-employee director. 
 
Pursuant to the plan, non-employee directors may elect once each calendar year to receive all or a portion of their annual retainer and 
meeting fees in the form of deferred share units (“DSUs”) and restricted share units instead of cash.  The Board, in its sole discretion, 
may award additional Director RSUs, subject to an annual aggregate value of $150 per director. The number of Director RSUs to be 
awarded to a director is determined by dividing the amount of the applicable portion of the director’s annual retainer by the applicable 
fair market value of a Share on that date. When dividends are paid on a Share, additional Director RSUs equivalent to the aggregate 
number of Director RSUs held by a director on the dividend record date multiplied by the amount of dividend paid by NFI on each 
Share, and then divided by the fair market value of the Shares on the dividend payment date, will automatically be credited to the 
director’s account. Under the Director RSU Plan, Director RSUs vest immediately as at each applicable award date. A director (other 
than a U.S. director) will be permitted to exercise the Director RSUs credited to his or her account at any time prior to December 15 of 
the year following the year in which the director ceases to be a non-employee director of NFI or one of its affiliates. A U.S. director will 
be required to specify the exercise date in the annual election form in accordance with Section 409A of the U.S. Internal Revenue 
Code.  
Number of Director RSUs 
Balance – January 1, 2023 
110,141 
Director RSUs issued  
103,231 
Director RSUs exercised 
 
(48,260) 
Balance – December 31, 2023 
165,112 
Director RSUs issued  
64,769 
Director RSUs exercised 
(112,158) 
Balance – December 29, 2024 
 
117,723  
 
 
 
14.  DEFERRED REVENUE 
December 29, 2024 
December 31, 2023 
 
Restated (Note 2.16) 
Extended warranties 
$ 
13,252  $ 
12,677  
Progress payments 
224,227  
138,534  
Deferred government grants 
12,445 
— 
249,924  
151,211  
Less: current portion of deferred revenue (note 10) 
(220,601)
(136,965)
$ 
29,323  $ 
14,246  
Deferred revenue is comprised of deferred government grants, progress payments that have not yet qualified for recognition as revenue 
under the Company’s revenue recognition policies, and deferred revenue from the sale of extended warranty contracts which are 
amortized over the extended warranty period commencing at the end of the basic warranty period. 
 
15. PROVISIONS  
The Company's insurance risk retention provision is based on insurance risk which the Company has not mitigated with third party 
insurance. 
The Company generally provides its customers with a base warranty on the entire vehicle, a corrosion warranty on the related structure 
and in some situations a defect warranty on batteries, beyond what is provided by the battery original equipment manufacturer. 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
32 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
15. PROVISIONS (Continued) 
The other category includes the restructuring provision consisting of costs associated with the closure and termination of the lease in 
respect of the Guildford, UK facility operated by AD, which is expected to be terminated in May 2025. It also includes a provision for 
the costs in relation to the announced redundancy of up to 160 jobs at the Scottish facilities and onerous contracts when the 
unavoidable costs of meeting the contract are greater than the economic benefits expected to be received under it. 
 
Insurance Risk 
Retention 
Warranty 
Other 
Total 
January 1, 2023 restated (Note 2.16) 
$ 
22,527  $ 
74,111  $ 
8,786 $     105,424 
Additions 
 
20,010  
53,800   
3,184   
76,994  
Amounts used/realized 
(11,556)  
(65,677)  
(1,412)  
(78,645) 
Unused provision 
 
(551) 
 
1,172 
(8,243) 
(7,622) 
Unwinding of discount and effect of changes in the discount rate 
 
—   
15   
—   
15  
Exchange rate differences 
(1) 
 
(263) 
117 
 
(147) 
December 31, 2023 restated (Note 2.16) 
$ 
30,429  $ 
63,158  $ 
2,432  $ 
96,019  
Additions 
 
15,014 
 
69,607 
7,757 
92,378 
Amounts used/realized 
(12,956)  
(68,949) 
(7,344) 
(89,249) 
Unused provision 
80 
— 
(1,167) 
(1,087) 
Unwinding of discount and effect of changes in the discount rate 
 
— 
 
(138)  
—   
(138) 
Exchange rate differences 
 
10   
(816) 
(18) 
(824) 
 
32,577   
62,862  
1,660   
97,099  
Less current portion (note 10) 
2,335 
45,067  
1,660 
49,062  
December 29, 2024 
$ 
30,242  $ 
17,795  $              —
$ 
48,037  
 
 
 
16. DEFERRED TAXES AND INCOME TAX EXPENSE 
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against 
current tax liabilities and when the deferred income tax assets and liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation 
authority on either the taxable entity or different taxable entities where there is an intention to settle the balances on a net basis. The 
offset amounts by tax jurisdiction presented on the consolidated statements of financial position are as follows: 
December 29, 2024 
December 31, 2023 
As presented on the consolidated statements of financial position: 
Deferred tax assets 
$ 
57,920  $ 
33,041  
Deferred tax liabilities 
 
(33,315)  
(46,756)
$ 
24,605 $ 
(13,715)
The gross movement on the deferred income tax account is as follows: 
 
 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Beginning of period 
$ 
(13,715) $ 
(39,249) 
Exchange rate differences 
 
(1,382) 
163  
Tax recorded through net loss 
 
39,479  
20,965  
Tax recorded through other comprehensive loss 
 
(910) 
2,947  
Investment tax credits 
1,133 
1,768 
Tax recorded through equity 
 
—  
(309) 
End of period 
$ 
24,605  $ 
(13,715) 
 
 
The movement in deferred income tax assets and liabilities during the period, without taking into consideration the offsetting of 
balances within the same tax jurisdiction, is as follows: 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
 
33 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
16. DEFERRED TAXES AND INCOME TAX EXPENSE (Continued) 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Property 
Plant and 
Equipment 
Goodwill and 
Intangibles 
Right of Use 
Assets 
Other 
Total 
January 1, 2023 
 
(9,101)  
(142,377)  
(24,109) 
(16,815) $ 
(192,402) 
Tax recorded through net loss 
 
(534)  
5,170  
(120)  
6,600   
11,116  
Cumulative translation adjustment  
 
—  
(309)  
—   
—   
(309) 
December 31, 2023 
 
(9,635)  
(137,516)  
(24,229) 
(10,215)  
(181,595) 
Tax recorded through net loss 
3,294   
9,102  
1,934  
(2,863) 
11,467  
Cumulative translation adjustment  
— 
(91) 
— 
— 
(91) 
December 29, 2024 
$    (6,341) $ 
(128,505) $ 
(22,295) $ 
(13,078) $ 
(170,219) 
 
Deferred tax assets 
Property, 
Plant, and 
Equipment 
Reserves 
and accruals  
not 
currently 
deductible 
Provisions 
Right of Use 
Assets 
Loss carry 
forward 
Pension 
Deferred  
Financing  
Costs and 
Interest 
Other 
Total 
January 1, 2023 
$         — $ 
12,045  $ 
21,629  $ 
27,237  $ 
54,793  $ 
—  $      27,625  $        9,824  $ 
153,153  
Tax recorded through net 
loss 
3,228 
 
2,358  
(3,673) 
 
634  
(7,932) 
(1,979)  
17,151  
62  
9,849  
Tax recorded through 
other comprehensive 
earnings (loss) 
—  
—   
—   
—   
—   
2,947   
—   
—  
 
2,947  
Investment tax credits 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
1,768 
1,768 
Exchange rate differences 
— 
9  
17  
21  
87  
— 
22  
7  
163  
December 31, 2023 
$    3,228  $ 
14,412  $ 
17,973  $ 
27,892  $ 
46,948  $          968  $ 
44,798  $ 
11,661  $ 
167,880  
Tax recorded through net 
loss 
1,827 
(4,666) 
14,130  
(1,003) 
3,011  
735   
15,757   
(1,779) 
28,012  
Tax recorded through 
other comprehensive 
earnings (loss) 
—  
—   
—   
—   
—  
 
(910)  
—   
—  
(910) 
Investment tax credits 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
1,133 
1,133 
Exchange rate differences 
(25) 
 
(111) 
 
(141) 
 
(218) 
 
(368) 
(8) 
 
(354) 
 
(66) 
(1,291) 
December 29, 2024 
  $    5,030 
$ 
9,635  $ 
31,962  $ 
26,671  $ 
49,591  $           785  $ 
60,201  $      10,949  $ 
194,824  
Deferred income tax assets are recognized to the extent it is probable that sufficient future taxable income will be available to allow a 
deferred tax asset to be utilized. At December 29, 2024, the Company has recognized all of its deferred income tax assets with the 
exception of: loss carry forwards in Canada and the UK in the amount of $26,231 and $2,174 respectively, equity issuance costs in 
Canada of $2,186 and restricted interest in the UK of $17,989. 
At December 29, 2024 the Company has the following tax credit and loss pools expiring as follows: 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
 
34 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
16. DEFERRED TAXES AND INCOME TAX EXPENSE (Continued) 
United States 
Canada 
Other 
Tax Credits 
Tax Losses 
Tax Credits 
Tax Losses 
Tax Credits 
Tax Losses 
2025-2029 
— 
481  
—  
 
—  
 
—  
 
—  
2030 
— 
68 
127 
 
—  
 
—  
 
—  
2031 
— 
— 
492 
 
—  
 
—  
 
—  
2032 
— 
—  
—  
 
—  
 
—  
 
—  
2033-2034 
— 
— 
107 
 
—  
 
—  
 
—  
2038 
— 
—  
—  
306 
 
—  
 
—  
2039 
— 
— 
— 
22,734 
 
—  
 
—  
2040 
— 
— 
552 
27,000 
 
—  
 
—  
2041 
— 
— 
81 
9,579 
 
—  
 
—  
2042 
— 
— 
269 
47,337 
 
—  
 
—  
2043 
— 
— 
221 
56,253 
 
—  
 
—  
2044 
— 
— 
202  
24,037
 
—  
 
—  
No expiry 
— 
—  
—  
— 
2,116 
149,871 
The reconciliation of income tax computed at the U.S. statutory rate, to income tax expense is as follows: 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Loss before income tax expense 
$ 
(6,464) $ 
(169,070) 
Tax calculated using a 21% U.S. tax rate  
(1,357) 
(35,504) 
Tax effect of: 
Withholding and other taxes 
1,372  
592  
Non-deductible expense (non-taxable income) 
782  
(1,144) 
Derecognition of previously recognized deferred tax assets 
(2,148) 
20,705  
Revision of tax estimates 
(597) 
851  
Foreign exchange impact 
(410) 
794  
State taxes 
1,398  
(2,930) 
Foreign tax credit pools and base erosion and anti-abuse tax 
851  
(14,313) 
Rate differential on income taxed at other than U.S. statutory rate 
(2,007) 
(2,056) 
Impact of change in tax legislation 
— 
(1,440) 
Other 
(1,052) 
1,539  
Income tax recovery 
$ 
(3,168) $ 
(32,906)
Current income tax expense (recovery)  
$ 
36,311  $ 
(11,941)
Deferred income tax recovery 
(39,479) 
(20,965) 
Income tax recovery for the period 
$ 
(3,168) $ 
(32,906)
 
Income tax recovery recognized in the consolidated statement of net earnings in Fiscal 2024 includes $1.1 million current tax expense 
(Fiscal 2023: not applicable) related to Pillar Two income taxes. 
 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
35 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
17. SENIOR UNSECURED DEBT 
On January 20, 2023, the Company finalized agreements with MDC for a C$50 million debt facility, for general corporate purposes, and 
with Export Development Canada (“EDC”) for two credit facilities of up to $150 million, to support supply chain financing ("supply chain 
financing facility") for $50 million and surety and performance bonding requirements for new contracts ("Guarantee Facility") for up to 
$100 million. 
In August 2023, as part of the Company’s refinancing plan (“Refinancing Plan”), both the MDC facility and EDC supply chain financing 
facility were extended to April 30, 2026. The EDC bonding support facility (note 28c) has a one-year term for each new contract, 
subject to annual renewals. Additionally, $25 million was repaid to EDC on the supply chain financing facility as a permanent reduction. 
On January 10, 2024, the Company amended its agreement with EDC to increase the size of the Guarantee Facility to $125 million. The 
amended Guarantee Facility was made up of an Account Performance Security Guarantee (“PSG”) up to $50 million and Surety 
Reinsurance Support up to $75 million.  
In April 2024, MDC and the Company entered into an amended agreement on its existing Senior Unsecured Debt Facility reducing the 
fixed interest rate to 0% per annum (December 31, 2023: Secured Overnight Financing Rate “SOFR” plus applicable margin). 
On July 17, 2024, NFI entered into an amended agreement with EDC to increase the size of its Guarantee Facility from $125 million to 
$145 million. The amended Guarantee Facility is made up of a PSG of up to $90 million and Surety Reinsurance Support up to $55 
million. 
The EDC agreement bears interest at a rate equal to adjusted term SOFR plus an applicable margin to that rate. 
On November 29, 2024, a $5 million mandatory repayment was made on the EDC facility in accordance with the terms of the 
agreement. 
 
Face Value Unamortized 
Transaction 
Costs 
Net Book Value 
December 29, 
2024 
Net Book Value 
December 31, 
2023 
MDC 
$ 
34,683  
$ 
—         $ 
34,683  
$           37,480 
Unamortized interest benefit 
 (4,252) 
— 
 (4,252) 
— 
EDC 
20,000  
 391  
19,609  
24,316 
Less: current portion of senior unsecured debt 
(20,000) 
(391) 
(19,609) 
— 
$ 
30,431  
$ 
—         $ 
30,431  
$           61,796 
 
 
 
18. LONG-TERM DEBT 
Face Value 
Unamortized 
Transaction 
Costs 
Net Book Value 
December 29, 
2024 
Net Book Value 
December 31, 
2023 
First lien North America (“NA”) revolving credit facility, Secured 
(“NA Revolving Facility”) 
$   180,000  
$    7,608  
$    172,392  
$    113,297  
First lien NA term loan, Secured (“NA Non-Revolving Facility”) 
400,000  
 
—  
400,000  
400,000  
First lien UK revolving credit facility, Secured ("UK Revolving 
Facility") 
17,802  
466  
17,336  
— 
First lien UK term loan, Secured (“UK Non-Revolving Facility”) 
20,516  
— 
20,516  
19,913  
Gain on debt modification 
(5,795)
— 
(5,795)
— 
Government of Canada Loan 
 
6,937  
 
1,149 
5,788 
2,827  
$   619,460  
$   9,222  
  $    610,237  
$    536,037  
 
The NA Revolving Facility and the NA Non-Revolving Facility (together referred to as the "North American Facility") have a total 
borrowing limit of $761 million, which includes a $150 million letter-of-credit facility. 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
36 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
18. LONG-TERM DEBT (Continued) 
There was $80.5 million of outstanding letters-of-credit drawn against the North American Facility at December 29, 2024. The North 
American Facility bears interest at a rate equal to the SOFR or a U.S. base rate for loans denominated in U.S. dollars and a Canadian 
prime rate or bankers' acceptance rate for loans denominated in Canadian dollars, plus an applicable margin to those rates, and 
matures on April 30, 2026. 
The UK Revolving Facility and the UK Non-Revolving Facility (together referred to as the "UK Facility") have a total borrowing limit of 
£30.4 million to support AD's operations in the UK. Amounts drawn under the UK Facility bear interest at a rate equal to Sterling 
Overnight Index Average ("SONIA") plus an applicable margin. The UK Facility matures on April 30, 2026. 
On August 25, 2023, the Company completed a comprehensive refinancing plan which included amendments to both UK and NA 
revolving credit facilities. A net gain of $8.9 million on debt modification is being accreted over the terms of the respective facilities.   
The Company entered into an agreement for up to C$10 million in interest-free financing through the Government of Canada to support 
the MCI Winnipeg facility enhancements and zero-emission product development and growth. The financing matures on March 1, 2030.
 
19. SECOND LIEN DEBT 
Face Value Unamortized 
Transaction 
Costs 
Net Book Value 
December 29, 
2024 
Net Book Value 
December 31, 
2023 
Second Lien Debt 
  $ 182,539 
 $       8,798 
$ 
173,741  
$       172,396  
Prepayment Option (note 25b) 
(12,347)  
—  
(12,347) 
(2,767) 
$  170,192     $      8,798 
$    161,394  
$       169,629  
 
 
The second lien debt financing is secured against all of the Company's assets, and bears interest at an annual coupon of 14.5%, payable 
semi-annually on January 2 and July 2 of every year commencing on January 2, 2024. The second lien debt facility matures on August 1, 
2028. 
Prior to the second anniversary of the debt facility, the Company can exercise an option to prepay a portion of the remaining principal 
at 106% of the face value (note 25). Prior to the third anniversary, the Company can exercise its option to prepay a portion of the 
remaining principal at 103% of the face value. An option to prepay the remaining principal at par is available from the third anniversary 
onwards.  
At inception, the prepayment option was recognized as a derivative asset with a fair value of $2.1 million. At December 29, 2024, the 
asset was revalued at $12.3 million. A fair market value gain of $9.6 million was recorded on the Company's consolidated statement of 
net loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss). 
The second lien debt is financed by funds and accounts managed by Coliseum Capital Management LLC. 
 
 
20. CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES 
On December 2, 2021, NFI completed a public offering of C$300 million aggregate principal of convertible debentures (the 
"Debentures") and an additional C$38 million aggregate principal of Debentures were issued on December 14, 2021, pursuant to the 
partial exercise of the over-allotment option, bearing interest at a rate of 5% per annum, payable semi-annually on January 15 and July 
15 commencing on July 15, 2022. The Debentures will mature on January 15, 2027 (the "Maturity Date"). 
The Debentures may be converted in whole or in part from time to time at the holder’s option into 30.1659 Shares for each C$1,000 
principal amount of Debentures (“Conversion Price”), representing a Conversion Price of approximately C$33.15 per Share, prior to 
maturity and subject to adjustment in certain circumstances.  
NFI has the option to settle the conversion in either Shares or cash (the "Cash Conversion Option"), with the Cash Conversion Option 
determined to be a financial liability. The fair value of the Debentures and Cash Conversion Option are classified as separate liabilities. 
The Debenture component will accrete to its final redemption amount of C$338 million less all conversions, at the Maturity Date at an 
effective interest rate over the five–year term of the Debentures. 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
37 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
20. CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES (Continued) 
 
Face Value Unamortized 
Transaction 
Costs 
Net Book Value 
December 29, 
2024 
Net Book Value 
December 31, 
2023 
Convertible Debt 
$  222,038   $      4,018 
$         218,020  
$       228,985  
Cash Conversion Option (note 25b) 
2,345   
—  
2,345   
9,296  
$  224,383   $      4,018 
$       220,365  
$      238,281  
 
 
 
 
21. SHARE CAPITAL 
December 29, 2024 
December 31, 2023 
Authorized - Unlimited 
Issued – 119,035,071 Common Shares (December 31, 2023: 118,961,932) 
$ 
1,241,397  $ 
 1,240,163 
 
The following is a summary of changes to the issued and outstanding Shares during the period: 
Shares 
Number  
(000s) 
Net Book Value 
Balance – December 31, 2023 
118,962  $ 
1,240,163  
Stock options exercised 
1  
18  
Director Restricted Share Units (“Director RSU”) exercised 
 
72  
1,209  
Equity Transaction Cost 
—  
 
7  
Balance – December 29, 2024 
119,035  $ 
1,241,397  
 
 
 
22. LOSS PER SHARE 
2
0
2
0
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Net loss attributable to equity holders 
$ 
$ 
$ 
     (3,296) 
$ (136,164) 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average number of Shares in issue 
1
1
9
4
119,008,308  
91,866,613  
Weighted average number of Shares for diluted earnings per Share 
1
1
9
9
4
119,008,308  
91,866,613  
Net loss per Share (basic) 
$   
(
$   
(
$ 
 (0.0277) 
$ 
 (1.4822) 
Net loss per Share (diluted) 
$   
(
$   
(
$ 
 (0.0277) 
$ 
 (1.4822) 
 
Basic loss per Share is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to equity holders of the Company by the weighted average 
number of Shares outstanding during the period. 
Diluted loss per Share is calculated using the same method as basic loss per Share except that the average number of Shares 
outstanding includes the potential dilutive effect of convertible bonds, outstanding stock options, and Director RSUs granted by the 
Company, as determined by the treasury stock method. 
 
 
 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
38 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
23. SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION 
        Changes in non-cash working capital items 
        
Cash inflow (outflow) 
2024 Q3 
2023 Q3 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Accounts receivable 
$ 
29,806  
$ 
14,103  
$ 
(23,377) 
$ 
(111,527)
Income tax receivable 
112  
127  
 
(9,917) 
 
(4,170) 
Inventories 
 
(131,294)
3,437  
 
(192,301) 
 
(29,573) 
Prepaid expenses and deposits 
 
5,777   
5,003  
(6,354) 
 
4,464  
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
 
12,638  
(5,608) 
79,911  
93,832  
Income tax payable 
(2,333) 
— 
4,640  
— 
Deferred revenue 
 47,470  
(26,305) 
84,840  
8,757  
Provisions 
 
(4,781) 
(782) 
 
1,079  
765  
Other 
7,160  
(1,080) 
6,602  
 
(7,510) 
$ 
(35,445) 
$ 
(11,105) 
$ 
(54,877) 
$ 
(44,962) 
 
 
 
24. DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PENSION PLANS 
Certain of the Company's subsidiaries maintains a defined contribution plan for certain salaried employees. The net pension expense for 
the Company's defined contribution plans is as follows: 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Defined contribution pension expense 
$ 
13,820  $ 
12,321  
Cash payments contributed by the Company during Fiscal 2024 for its defined benefit plans and defined contribution pension plans 
amounted to $16.8 million (2023: $15.6 million). 
 
 
25. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND RISK MANAGEMENT 
(a)  Fair value measurement of financial instruments 
The Company has made the following classifications: 
 
Cash 
Fair value through profit or loss 
Restricted deposit 
Fair value through profit or loss 
Receivables 
Amortized cost 
Deposits 
Amortized cost 
Accounts payables and accrued liabilities 
Amortized cost 
Convertible Debt 
Amortized cost 
Other long-term liabilities 
Amortized cost 
Long-term debt 
Amortized cost 
Second lien debt 
Amortized cost 
Derivative financial instruments 
Fair value through profit or loss 
 
 
(b)  Fair value measurement of financial instruments 
The Company categorizes its fair value measurements of financial instruments recorded at fair value according to a three-level 
hierarchy. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used by the Company’s valuation techniques. A level is assigned to each fair value 
measurement based on the lowest level input significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The three levels of the fair value 
hierarchy are defined as follows: 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
39 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
25. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND RISK MANAGEMENT (Continued) 
Level 1 - fair value measurements that reflect unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that the 
Company has the ability to access at the measurement date. 
Level 2 - fair value measurements using inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or 
liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for 
identical or similar assets and liabilities in inactive markets, inputs that are observable that are not prices (such as interest rates and 
credit risks) and inputs that are derived from or corroborated by observable market data. 
Level 3 - fair value measurements using significant non-market observable inputs. These include valuations for assets and liabilities that 
are derived using data, some or all of which is not market observable data, including assumptions about risk. 
The following table presents the carrying amounts and fair values of financial liabilities and financial assets, including their levels in 
the fair value hierarchy.  The table excludes fair value information for financial assets and financial liabilities not measured at fair 
value if the carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of fair value. 
 
 
 
December 29, 2024 
Fair value 
level 
Carrying 
amount 
Fair value 
Financial assets recorded at fair value 
Cash 
Level 1 $ 
49,557  $ 
49,557  
Restricted deposit(s) (note 8) 
Level 1  
46,999   
46,999  
D
i
ti
fi
i l i
t
t
t
t
$
0
$
0
 Prepayment Option (note 19) 
Level 2 
12,347 
12,347 
Derivative financial instrument assets - long term 
$ 
12,347  $ 
12,347  
Financial liabilities recorded at fair value 
     Foreign exchange forward contracts 
            Level 2 
1,340 
1,340 
Derivative financial instrument liabilities - current 
$ 
1,340 $ 
1,340 
     Interest Rate Swap 
            Level 2                 510 
               510 
Cash Conversion Option (note 20) 
Level 2 
2,345 
2,345 
Derivative financial instrument liabilities - long term 
$ 
2,855 $ 
  2,855  
December 31, 2023 
Fair value 
level 
Carrying 
amount 
Fair value 
Financial assets recorded at fair value 
Cash 
Level 1 $ 
49,615  $ 
49,615  
Restricted deposit(s) (note 8) 
Level 1  
45,441   
45,441  
Prepayment Option (note 19) 
Level 2  
2,767   
2,767  
Derivative financial instrument assets – long term 
$ 
2,767  $ 
2,767  
Financial liabilities recorded at fair value 
Foreign exchange forward contracts 
Level 2  
1,481   
1,481  
Derivative financial instrument liabilities - current 
$ 
1,481  $ 
1,481  
Cash Conversion Option (note 20) 
Level 2 
9,296  
9,296  
Derivative financial instrument liabilities - long term 
$ 
9,296 $ 
9,296  
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
40 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
25. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND RISK MANAGEMENT (Continued) 
(c)  Risk Management   
The Company uses derivative financial instruments including interest rate swaps, total return swaps and forward foreign exchange 
contracts.  These instruments are financial contracts whose value depends on interest rates, share price and foreign currency prices. 
The use of derivatives allows the transfer, modification and reduction of current and expected risks, including interest rate, share 
price, foreign exchange and other market risks. The Company uses derivative financial instruments to manage interest rate, share price 
and foreign exchange risks in accordance with its risk management policies. Certain derivative instruments, while providing effective 
economic hedges, are not designated as hedges for accounting purposes. Changes in the fair value of any derivatives that are not 
designated as hedges for accounting purposes are recognized within “interest and finance costs” or “unrealized foreign exchange loss 
(gain) on non-current monetary items” in the consolidated statements of net loss and total comprehensive earnings (loss) consistent 
with the underlying nature and purpose of the derivative instruments. 
Market risk (interest rate risk and foreign currency risk) 
Market risk incorporates a range of risks. Movements in risk factors, such as interest rate risk, equity price risk and foreign currency 
risk, affect the fair values of financial assets and liabilities. The Company uses derivative financial instruments including interest rate 
swaps, foreign exchange options and forwards foreign exchange contracts to manage its risks associated with potentially adverse 
changes in interest rates and foreign exchange rates. These instruments are financial contracts whose values depends on interest rates 
and foreign currency prices.  
The use of derivatives allows the transfer, modification and reduction of current and expected risks, including interest rate, foreign 
exchange and other market risks. The Company uses derivative financial instruments to manage interest rate and foreign exchange risks 
in accordance with its risk management policies.  
The Company does not hold financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes. 
Interest rate risk 
The Company's borrowing under the credit facilities are at variable rates of interest and expose the Company to interest rate risk. The 
Company attempts to mitigate this risk through interest rate swaps that could become materially more expensive if interest rates 
increase or become more volatile. If the cost of mitigating interest rate increases, the Company's debt service obligations on its 
variable rate indebtedness would increase even though the amount borrowed remained the same, and the Company's net earnings and 
cash available for servicing its other indebtedness would decrease. 
The interest rate swap is subject to interest rate risk. As an illustration, if the interest rates as at the date of the consolidated 
statements of financial position had been 100 basis points lower, with all other variables held constant, net loss and comprehensive 
earnings (loss) for Fiscal 2024 would have been higher by $1.1 million (Fiscal 2023: $6.8 million), arising mainly as a result of the 
related fair value adjustment recorded due to lower interest rate. If interest rates had been 100 basis points higher, with all other 
variables held constant, net loss and comprehensive earnings (loss) for Fiscal 2024 would have been lower by $1.1 million (Fiscal 2023: 
$6.8 million), arising mainly as a result of the related fair value adjustment recorded due to higher interest rate. The fair value 
adjustments have a greater impact than the interest charged, as the Company is over hedged as it relates to the swap position. 
On January 26, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement for a new interest rate swap to hedge its exposure to changing interest 
rates. The contract has a notional value of $500 million until October 25, 2024, and thereafter a notional value of $450 million until its 
expiry on April 25, 2025. The swap carries an interest rate of 4.6%. 
Foreign currency risk 
The U.S. dollar is the Company's functional currency. Fluctuations in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar, Canadian dollar and 
GBP will affect the Company's reported results. However, the impact of changes in foreign exchange rates on the Company's reported 
results differ over time depending on whether the Company is generating a net cash inflow or outflow of Canadian dollars and GBP.  
This is largely dependent on the Company's revenue mix by currency as operating costs denominated in Canadian dollars and GBP have 
been historically relatively stable. 
During Fiscal 2024, the Company generated a net outflow of Canadian dollars. As a matter of policy, the Company enters into foreign 
exchange forward contracts to protect the expected net Canadian dollar exposure from exchange fluctuation. The Company recorded a 
net realized foreign exchange loss of $1.8 million during Fiscal 2024 (Fiscal 2023: $3.2 million gain). This was comprised of a $0.2 
million gain on settlement of foreign exchange contracts and a $2 million foreign currency loss on translation of Canadian dollar 
denominated working capital. 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
41 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
25. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND RISK MANAGEMENT (Continued) 
At December 29, 2024, the Company had $65.9 million of foreign exchange forward contracts to buy currencies in which the Company 
operates (U.S. dollars, Canadian dollars, or GBP). These foreign exchange contracts range in expiry dates from January 2025 to June 
2025. The related liability of $1.3 million (December 31, 2023: $1.5 million) is recorded on the consolidated statements of financial 
position as a current derivative financial instruments liability and the corresponding change in the fair value of the foreign exchange 
forward contracts is recorded in the consolidated statements of net loss and comprehensive earnings (loss).  
Currency risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in foreign 
exchange rates. The Company is exposed to currency risk, primarily Canadian dollar balances. As an illustration, at December 29, 2024 
if the Canadian dollar had weakened 10 percent against the U.S. dollar, with all variables held constant, net loss for Fiscal 2024 would 
have been lower by $10.5 million (Fiscal 2023: $9.1 million). Conversely, if the Canadian dollar had strengthened 10 percent against the 
U.S. dollar, with all other variables held constant, net loss would have been higher by $12.9 million for Fiscal 2024 (Fiscal 2023: $10.6 
million). 
(d)  Liquidity Management  
The Company's principal sources of funds are cash generated from its operating activities, share and other issuances and borrowing 
capacity remaining under the North American Facility and UK Facility (collectively the “Secured Facilities”).  
The Company’s approach to managing liquidity risk is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet 
liabilities when due. At December 29, 2024, the Company had a cash balance of $49.6 million (December 31, 2023: $49.6 million), $581 
million drawn under the North American Facility due in 2026 (December 31, 2023: $526 million), and $80.5 million of outstanding 
letters of credit (December 31, 2023: $96.6 million). As at December 29, 2024 the Company had $38.2 million drawn under the UK 
Facility (December 31, 2023: $21.0 million). The total liquidity position as at December 29, 2024 is $126.8 million. In addition, as at 
December 29, 2024 the Company had $45.5 million of the letters of credit outstanding outside of the North American Facility. The 
North American Facility has a total borrowing limit of $761 million, which includes a $150 million letter-of-credit facility. The UK 
Facility has a total borrowing limit of £30.4 million. 
The Company participates in a supplier finance arrangement (note 9) with the principal purpose of facilitating efficient payment 
processing of supplier invoices. The supplier finance arrangement allows the Company to centralize payments of trade payables to the 
bank rather than paying each supplier individually. While the supplier finance arrangement does not significantly extend payment terms 
beyond the normal terms agreed with other suppliers that are not participating, the program assists in making cash outflows more 
predictable. 
The details of the covenants under the Secured Facilities are as follows: 
Total Leverage Ratio1 
Interest Coverage 
Ratio2 
Minimum Banking 
Liquidity 
Senior Secured Net 
Leverage Ratio3 
2024 Q4 
<4.75x 
>1.25x 
Waived4 
<3.50x 
2025 Q1 
<4.75x 
>1.75x 
$50,000 
<3.50x 
2025 Q2 
<4.25x 
>2.00x 
$50,000 
<3.25x 
2025 Q3 
<4.25x 
>2.25x 
$50,000 
<3.25x 
2025 Q4 and after 
<3.75x 
>2.50x 
$50,000 
<3.00x 
1. 
Total Leverage Ratio ("TLR") is calculated as aggregate indebtedness of the Company not including the Company’s 5.0% convertible 
debentures and certain non-financial products, but including any senior unsecured or second lien indebtedness, less unrestricted 
cash and cash equivalents up to a maximum of $50 million, divided by Adjusted EBITDA (calculated on a trailing twelve-month 
basis). 
2. 
Interest Coverage Ratio ("ICR") is calculated as the same trailing twelve month Adjusted EBITDA as the TLR divided by trailing 
twelve-month interest expense on the Secured Facilities, the Debentures, any senior unsecured or second lien indebtedness and 
other interest and bank charges. 
3. 
Senior Secured Net Leverage will include the Secured Facilities and is calculated as indebtedness with respect to those facilities, 
less unrestricted cash and cash equivalents up to a maximum of $50 million, divided by Adjusted EBITDA (calculated on a trailing 
twelve-month basis). 
4. 
The Company obtained a waiver for the $50 million liquidity requirement under its senior secured facility providing access to those  
funds if required. 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
42 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
25. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND RISK MANAGEMENT (Continued) 
The calculation of the banking liquidity position, without consideration given to the minimum banking liquidity requirements under the 
Secured Facilities at December 29, 2024 is provided below. 
 
December 29, 2024 
December 31, 2023 
Banking Liquidity Position 
$ 
 126,800  
$ 
 170,131  
Total Leverage Ratio (must be less than 4.75 [2023: waived]) 
         4.37  
Waived 
Senior Secured Net Leverage Ratio (must be less than 3.50 [2023: waived]) 
 
3.09 
Waived 
Interest Coverage Ratio (must be greater than 1.25 [2023: waived]) 
1.51 
Waived 
Compliance with financial covenants under the Secured Facilities is reported quarterly to the Board. Other than the requirements 
imposed by letters of credit collateral (note 8) and borrowing agreements, the Company is not subject to any externally imposed 
capital requirements. Capital management objectives are reviewed on an annual basis or when strategic capital transactions arise. As 
at December 29, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all covenant requirements. 
Under the terms of the Secured Facilities, the Company is not permitted to declare or pay dividends, until certain financial conditions 
exist. Currently dividends have been suspended and future decisions on the resumption of dividend payments will be dependent on 
financial performance and compliance with Secured Facilities covenants. 
The following table outlines the maturity analysis of the undiscounted cash flows of certain non-financial liability and committed leases 
as at December 29, 2024: 
 
Total 
2025 
2026 
2027 
2028 
2029 Post 2029 
Leases 
$ 212,435 $     25,585 $ 21,786  $ 19,726  $ 13,138  $ 10,702  $ 121,496  
Accrued benefit liability 
 2,800 
2,800 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 215,235 $ 
28,385 $ 21,786  $ 19,726  $ 13,138  $ 10,702  $ 121,496  
 
(e) Credit risk 
Financial instruments in an asset position, which potentially subject the Company to credit risk and concentrations of credit risk, 
consist principally of cash, accounts receivable and derivative financial instruments. Management has assessed that the credit risk 
associated with accounts receivable is mitigated by the significant proportion for which the counterparties are well-established transit 
authorities, which are government entities in North America. 
December 29, 2024 December 31, 2023 
Current, including holdbacks 
$ 
444,869  $ 
438,165  
Past due amounts but not impaired 
1 – 60 days 
 
28,531   
20,123  
Greater than 60 days 
17,366   
8,669  
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts 
(1,035)  
(604) 
Total accounts receivables, net 
$ 
489,731  $ 
466,353  
As at December 29, 2024, there was no amount that would otherwise be past due or impaired whose terms have been renegotiated. 
(f) Capital management 
The Company's objectives in managing capital are to deploy capital to provide an appropriate return to shareholders and to maintain a 
capital structure that provides the flexibility to take advantage of growth and development opportunities, maintain existing assets, 
meet financial obligations and enhance the value for the shareholders. The capital structure of the Company consists of cash, long-
term debt, other long-term liabilities and shareholders' equity. The Company manages capital to ensure an appropriate balance 
between debt and equity. In order to maintain or adjust its capital structure, the Company may from time to time raise additional 
capital from various sources, including capital markets. 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
43 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
26. SEGMENT INFORMATION 
The Company has two reportable segments which are the Company’s strategic business units: Manufacturing Operations and 
Aftermarket Operations. The strategic business units offer different products and services, and are managed separately because they 
require different technology, marketing strategies, and operations. For each of the strategic business units, the Company’s President 
and CEO reviews internal management reports on a monthly basis.  
The Manufacturing Operations segment derives its revenue from the design, manufacture, service and support of new transit buses, 
motor coaches, medium-duty, cutaway buses, and installation of infrastructure for electric vehicles and the sales of fiberglass 
reinforced polymer components. Based on management’s judgment and applying the aggregation criteria in IFRS 8.12 – Operating 
segments, the Company’s bus/coach manufacturing operations and medium-duty/cutaway manufacturing operations fall under a single 
reportable segment. Aggregation of these operating segments is based on the segments having similar economic characteristics with 
similar long-term average returns, products and services, production methods, distribution and regulatory environment. 
The Aftermarket Operations segment derives its revenue from the sale of aftermarket parts for transit buses, coaches and medium-
duty/cutaway buses, both for the Company's and third party products.  
There is no inter‑segment revenue. Intercompany revenues do occur but are eliminated on consolidation and thus, are not presented in 
the Statements. Unallocated items in the consolidated earnings before income taxes primarily include unrealized foreign exchange 
gains or losses, interest and finance costs and corporate overhead costs.  
The unallocated total assets of the Company primarily include cash, certain intangible assets, and derivative financial instruments. 
Corporate assets that are shared by both operating segments are allocated fully to the Manufacturing Operations segment. 
Segment information about loss (earnings) and assets is as follows: 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal 2024 
Manufacturing 
Operations 
Aftermarket 
Operations 
Unallocated 
Total 
Revenue from external customers 
$ 
2,490,914  $ 
631,401  
— $ 
3,122,315  
Operating costs and expenses 
 
2,490,079   
511,837   
126,863  
3,128,779  
(Loss) earnings before income tax recovery 
 
835  
119,564   
(126,863) 
 
 (6,464) 
Total assets 
 
2,239,046   
407,165   
267,921   
2,914,132  
Addition of capital expenditures 
 
29,743  
571   
—   
30,314  
Addition of intangibles assets 
             17,597   
—   
—   
17,597 
Indefinite-life intangible assets 
 
245,379   
18,512   
—   
263,891 
Goodwill 
 
223,407   
189,107   
—   
412,514  
 
 
 
Fiscal 2023 
Manufacturing 
Operations 
Aftermarket 
Operations 
Unallocated 
Total 
Revenue from external customers 
$       2,137,529  $ 
554,952   
—  $ 
 2,692,481  
Operating costs and expenses 
2,266,915   
453,267   
141,369   
2,861,551  
(Loss) earnings before income tax recovery 
 
(129,386) 
101,685   
(141,369)  
 (169,070) 
Total assets 
 
1,914,171   
504,319   
281,470  
2,699,960  
Addition of capital expenditures 
26,082  
632   
—  
26,714  
Addition of intangibles assets 
10,274   
—   
—  
10,274  
Indefinite-life intangible assets 
 
244,265   
18,334   
—   
262,599  
Goodwill 
 
223,607   
189,564   
—   
413,171  

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
44 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
 
26. SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued) 
The Company's revenue by geography is summarized below: 
2
0
2
0
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
North America 
$
$
$ 
2,452,663  
$ 
2,119,391  
UK and Europe 
1
3
1
2
626,927  
523,431  
Asia Pacific 
6
1
1
42,725  
49,659  
Total 
$
$
$ 
3,122,315  
$ 
 2,692,481   
The Company's disaggregated manufacturing revenue by major product type is provided below.  The Aftermarket operations revenue 
does not have similarly disaggregated categories. 
 
2
0
2
0
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Transit buses 
$
$
$ 
1,928,525  
$ 
1,654,406  
Motor coaches 
1
0
9
6
432,682  
390,836  
Medium-duty and cutaway buses 
1
8
1
2
77,311  
50,727  
Pre-owned coach 
2
4
15,943  
21,586  
Infrastructure solutions™ 
7
1
26,201  
11,040  
Fiberglass reinforced polymer components 
3
1
10,251  
8,934  
Manufacturing revenue 
$
$
$ 
2,490,914  
$ 
2,137,529  
 
 
 
27.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 
Compensation of key management 
Key management includes members of the Board of Directors, President and CEO, the CFO, presidents of each business unit, executive 
vice presidents and vice presidents. The compensation expense for key management for employee services is shown below: 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Salaries and short-term employee benefits 
$ 
15,955 $ 
16,659 
Post-employment benefits 
683  
600  
Share-based payment benefits 
4,888  
5,478  
$ 
21,526 $ 
22,737 
Share-based payment benefits shown above represent the PSU, RSU, Director RSU, DSU and stock option expense that was recorded in 
the period. 
See note 19 for details on second lien debt financed by funds and accounts managed by Coliseum Capital Management LLC. 
 
28. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 
(a) In the normal course of business, the Company receives notice of potential legal proceedings or is named as a defendant in legal 
proceedings, including those that may be related to negligence, product liability, wrongful dismissal and other employment-
related matters, contractual disputes or personal injury. Many claims are covered by the Company's insurance policies. 
Management does not currently expect any of the current claims to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial 
position, results of operations or cash flows. 
(b) Through the normal course of operations, the Company has indemnified the surety companies providing surety bonds ("surety 
bond") required under various contracts with customers. In the event that the Company fails to perform under a contract and the 
surety companies incur a cost on a surety bond, the Company is obligated to repay the costs incurred in relation to the claim up to 
the value of the bond.  

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
45 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
 
The Company's guarantee under each bond issued by the surety companies expires on completion of obligations under the 
customer contract to which the bond relates. The estimated maturity dates of the surety bonds outstanding at December 29, 2024 
range from February 2025 to December 2039. 
28. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Continued) 
At December 29, 2024, outstanding surety bonds guaranteed by the Company totaled $307.4 million (December 31, 2023: $312.7 
million). The Company has not recorded any liability under these guarantees, as management believes that no material events of 
default exist under any contracts with customers. 
 (c) The Company has a letter of credit sub-facility of $150.0 million as part of the North American Facility (December 31, 2023: 
$150.0 million). As at December 29, 2024, letters of credit totaling $80.5 million (December 31, 2023: $96.6 million) remain 
outstanding as security for contractual obligations of the Company under the North American Facility. 
The EDC surety facility in the amount of $145 million consists of the PSG up to $90 million and the Surety Reinsurance Support up 
to $55 million. 
 
The PSG program under the EDC facility is in place to cover a standby letter of credit or letter of guarantee (in each case an 
“LC”), required as part of a collateral package provided to support a surety facility where the new bonding capacity is a minimum 
of at least twice the face value of the LC. The PSG and Surety Reinsurance Support programs must only be used to support surety 
bonds required under contracts entered into by the Company, and where such surety bonds are bid bonds, performance bonds, 
regulatory bonds, license and permit bonds. 
 
The Surety Reinsurance Support program is in place to cover surety bond(s) issued on behalf of the Company, provided that such 
surety bond is a bid bond, performance bond, regulatory bond, license and permit bond. Surety reinsurance support is not to 
exceed 75% of the surety bond amount. 
 
As at December 29, 2024, there was $134.7 million (December 31, 2023: $74.2 million) outstanding under the Guarantee Facility. 
 
As at December 29, 2024, letters of credit in the UK totaling $7.5 million were outstanding as security obligations of the Company 
outside of the UK Facility (December 31, 2023: $18.7 million). Additionally, there are $38.0 million (December 31, 2023: $45.8 
million) of letters of credit outstanding outside of the UK Facility. 
As at December 29, 2024, management believes that the Company was in compliance in all material respects with all applicable 
contractual obligations and the Company has not provided for any costs associated with these letters of credit. 
(d) Through the normal course of operations, the Company has guaranteed payments and residual values to third-party lenders on 
behalf of customers.  As at December 29, 2024, the Company had guaranteed $2.1 million (December 31, 2023: $2.4 million) of 
these arrangements. The Company has not provided for any of these costs, as it does not believe they will have to pay out on any 
of these arrangements. 
 
 
 
 
29. GUARANTEES 
The Company indemnifies its directors and officers against claims and damages that may be incurred in the performance of their 
services to the Company.  Liability insurance has been purchased with respect to the Company’s directors and officers. 
 
 
 
30. SUPPLEMENTARY EXPENSE INFORMATION 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2023 
Employee salary and benefit expenses 
$ 
548,132  $ 
395,836  
Depreciation of plant and equipment 
47,782  
49,370  
Amortization of intangible assets 
32,348  
31,410  
The expenses listed above are included in cost of sales and sales, general and administration costs and other operating expenses. 
 
 
 

NFI GROUP INC.  
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
As at December 29, 2024 
(in thousands of U.S. dollars except per share figures) 
 
 
46 
NFI GROUP INC 2024 ANNUAL REPORT 
31. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 
To support the Company's overall liquidity position, subsequent to quarter-end, NFI received approval under the Secured Facilities to 
temporarily waive the minimum liquidity requirement of $50 million, effective as of January 1, 2025 to March 31, 2025. Post this waiver 
period, the minimum liquidity requirement under the Secured Facilities will return to $50 million. 
On February 1, 2025, the United States imposed new across the board 25% tariffs on most imports from Canada. Most of these tariffs 
have been temporarily paused. The Government of Canada and certain provinces have implemented certain retaliatory measures, 
including counter tariffs. On March 12, 2025, the United States imposed additional 25% tariffs on imports of steel and aluminum 
products from all countries, including Canada. The United States has also imposed separate tariffs on Mexico and China and has also 
proposed to implement reciprocal tariffs applicable to all of its trading partners. The situation with respect to these matters is 
extremely fluid and subject to rapid and unexpected changes. The impact of tariffs and other trade measures on general economic 
conditions, customer demand and the Company’s business is uncertain, thus estimating financial impact is not possible at this time.