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NICE

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FY2023 Annual Report · NICE
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The Power of Perspec�ve: A Vision Unbound 

Dear Shareholders, 

Leaders are o�en defined by their ability to 
elevate their perspective. Those that do 
navigate with strategic foresight, anticipate 
market shifts and spot hidden opportunities. 
There is nothing so limiting as viewing 
opportunities through the same lens as 
yesterday's challenges. A change of perspective 
is the spark that ignites accelerated growth. 

For nearly four decades, NICE has been 
triumphantly navigating the dynamic landscapes 
across multiple industries, embracing the winds 
of change altering our external business 
environment and stirring transformation within 
our very core. Fanning the flames of innovation, 
harnessing the waves of evolving market 
demands and hardwiring a culture of strong 
execution have stood as the cornerstones on 
which NICE thrives. Our on-going commitment 
to proactively shape the future requires a 
habitual change in perspective, not just as a 
necessity but as an invaluable asset on our 
journey forward. 

A New Perspective on Market Forces 

Enterprise initiatives, investments and projects 
in the foreseeable future will be founded on an 
amalgamation of three fundamental 
technological driving forces: Cloudification, 
Digitalization and AI-ization. Conventional 
wisdom confines the strength of each of these 
forces to its inherently apparent business 
potential, squandering opportunities and 
overlooking their true transformative potential. 
A more sophisticated approach, one that 
reevaluates these forces through the prism of an 
elevated new perspective, recognizes that they 
are fundamentally reshaping the enterprise 
software market as we know it, creating an 
overarching generational movement. 

Cloudification  Grand Refactoring  
Cloud is typically thought of as a way for 
organizations to consume technology in a new 
non-localized, standardized and virtualized way. 
However, a panoptic perspective on 
cloudification uncovers its real impact: Driving a 
grand refactoring throughout the entire 
enterprise software market, forcing the re-
writing from scratch of billions of lines of code 
natively in the cloud and forcing all software 
players to modernize their tech stack. This is the 
exact reason for the incredible shift we see in 
market forces, the rise of new software leaders 
and the collapse of once-iconic players who fell 
behind. 

Digitalization  Grand Convergence  
For several decades, the so�ware market has 
devolved into an endless array of dis�nct 
categories, with enterprises unwi�ngly forced 
to become the de facto integrators of disjointed 
point solu�ons. Digitaliza�on has quickly made 
its way to the top of every CIO’s agenda, not as 
the presump�ve moderniza�on effort - but 
rather as a defiant revolt against this over-
fragmenta�on, forcing a complete blurring of 
clear-cut lines between so�ware categories, and 
driving a grand convergence.  

AI-ization  Grand Fusion 
The biggest unsolved execution challenge 
preventing enterprises to thrive as they scale 
remains that of streamlining people, processes 
and technology. AI-ization is about to reshape 
many aspects of our lives, but when it comes to 
organizations, its ultimate role will be a force of 
grand fusion, finally bringing these three 
constituents together in the most natural and 
effortless way.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our Strategy Beyond the Obvious 

The Road Ahead: Fueled by Possibilities 

The act of aligning with these three grand 
forces: refactoring, convergence and fusion is 
rewriting the benchmark for leadership in our 
era. When these forces are brought together 
and unified in the right way by a company with a 
bold vision - the result is epic. Reframing the 
NICE journey of the past decade with these 
fresh new perspectives in mind, reveals that our 
strategy all along was riding directly on top of 
these transformations, winning the races across 
all our markets.  

We were the ones that triggered the 
cloudification cycle of our markets, refactoring 
all our solutions, building them from the ground 
up natively in the cloud. Today we own the 
undisputed market leading platforms CXone, 
Xceed, X-sight and EvidenCentral. 

We continuously led a smart convergence of 
adjacent software categories, expanding the 
definition of our addressable markets. To name 
but a few, we completely reshaped the CX 
market, combining buying decisions on ACD, 
WEM and Analytics - into one. We coined 
FRAML as the standard framework for fighting 
financial crime, and we made a market-changing 
case-study-worthy move, reimagining the way 
evidence is managed across the entire Criminal 
Justice system.  

We are the major force for AI fusion in our 
specific markets, and the only vendor with the 
complete set of AI must-have assets: largest 
collection of unique historical and current data, 
most relevant knowledge elements and 
unmatched domain expertise.  

This fresh take on our journey and underlying 
market forces is also unveiling a grand 
opportunity for NICE. We are fortunate to lead 
markets of remarkable opportunity. Not only 
are they vast and constantly expanding, but they 
also manifest unique attributes: we navigate 
secular markets, solving critical problems that 
transcend economic fluctuations; we tackle 
complex challenges, requiring feature-rich 
solutions that preclude any chance of 
commoditization, giving rise to high barriers of 
entry that keep potential competitors at bay; we 
enjoy an abundance of opportunities fueled by 
the distinctive lag of technology adoption 
emblematic to our markets; we are focused on 
markets burdened by soaring labor-driven costs 
exceeding 90% of total expenditures, ripe for 
the massive shift of spend from labor to 
automation. 

NICE is exceptionally well-positioned to become 
the eminent winner of this grand opportunity, 
given our sui generis assets: we are categorically 
recognized as the top leader in every market we 
operate in; we offer the most complete, robust 
and dominant platforms; we deliver a wide-
ranging portfolio that is as rich in its breadth as 
it is profound in its depth; we own the most 
critical data elements that form the 
foundational crux for AI; we established a 
powerful wide-reaching ecosystem that 
envelops the entire world. On top of it all, we 
are a highly profitable company, with an 
industry-leading balance sheet, a springboard 
for our incomparable track record of successful 
organic and inorganic growth.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2024 and Onwards:  
Growth Pillars Realized  

The past year was filled with tremendous 
growth and expansion across the board, leading 
to record achievements and crossing many 
success milestones: 22% cloud revenue growth, 
$2.4 billion of total revenue, 70.5% non-GAAP 
cloud gross margin, non-GAAP operating margin 
of 30%, non-GAAP EPS growth of 15% and 
record cash generation of $561 million. Above 
all, 2023 will be remembered for two era-
defining landmarks for NICE - taking command 
of the digital engagement market and charting 
the course of AI in our industries.  

As we enter 2024, it is now unmistakably clear 
that AI has established itself as an overarching 
catalyst, propelling our four vectors of growth. 

I. 

II. 

AI fuels our cloud win rate - with only 
20% of our markets shi�ed to the cloud, 
we are witnessing an enterprise cloud 
inflec�on point, where the lion’s share of 
exci�ng large-scale cloud transi�ons is 
about to take place. AI is turbo-charging 
our differen�a�on, substan�ally 
expanding our already high cloud win 
rates, as evidenced by the nearly 1,000 
new customers added in 2023, displacing 
compe�tors with each newly acquired 
logo.  

AI as the bedrock of rapid expansion into 
digital - NICE is a digital trailblazer, 
encompassing the en�rety of all digital 
engagements. Our disrup�ve AI is a 
formidable convergence power, igni�ng a 
wave of migra�ons from legacy 1.0 
digital vendors to NICE. This is now the 
fastest expanding part of our business, 
reflected by an astonishing 6X annual 
growth in the volume of digital 
engagements managed by NICE, 
cemen�ng us as the industry’s fastest 
growing digital pla�orm.  

III. 

AI fusion powers our platform adoption – 
Enterprise buyers are pivo�ng 180 
degrees from mul�ple point solu�ons to 

IV. 

building and simplifying their tech stack 
by standardizing on a single pla�orm. 
This trend is now gaining a significant 
boost because it is the only viable way to 
implement AI that works. Pla�orms don’t 
appear overnight. It takes strenuous 
planning with ongoing strategic 
decisioning, along with a decade-long 
engineering investment. The force of this 
AI tailwind can be fully observed in our 
soaring 200% pla�orm booking growth in 
Q4 2023.  

AI as endless source for lucrative new 
use-cases – We are experiencing a surge 
in the number of customers and 
prospects approaching us a�er trying to 
leverage general purpose genera�ve AI 
technologies, unsuccessfully. They come 
to us with a clear realiza�on that our 
specialized AI, with its thousands of 
constantly evolving and expanding 
models, based on billions of interac�ons, 
is the only viable op�on. NICE is quickly 
becoming the AI powerhouse of our 
markets as demonstrated by a staggering 
375% increase in Q4 2023 Enlighten AI 
bookings.  

The Wind in NICE’s Sails 

The cornerstone of our success lies in our 
remarkably diverse and global workforce – our 
8,500 NICErs. We are bringing together 
passionate individuals from all corners of the 
world, a collabora�ve mix of long-�me NICErs, 
recent joiners and talent coming from acquired 
companies, united by their deep-seeded passion 
for innova�on and winning.  Together, we are 
crea�ng an environment where fresh 
perspec�ves interlock, sparking groundbreaking 
ideas, allowing us to consistently push 
boundaries and be lead the evolu�on in our 
markets. 

The ripple effect of our unwavering culture 
extends far beyond the four walls of our 

 
company. We see ourselves as threads woven 
into the global tapestry, and we believe in 
strengthening the fabric of the communities in 
which we operate. Our passionate NICErs are 
generously sharing their time and expertise to 
leave a lasting positive footprint through 
impactful projects.  

I believe that the rules of engagement for public 
companies have changed and there’s an 
imperative for businesses to play a larger role in 
society. As CEO, I feel compelled to use my voice 
as a catalyst for positive change, publicly 
addressing wide-impacting topics, especially 
during moments of critical importance. 

We are at the forefront of an exciting new era 
with endless possibilities. Leading this 
remarkable company is an on-going honor. To 
our customers, partners, and shareholders – 
your longstanding trust is the fuel that propels 
us forward and we thank you for that. Together, 
we share a vision, not just for success, but for 
shaping the very future of our industry.  

Excellence blooms in the fer�le ground of 
transformed perspec�ves, nurturing a bright 
future for NICE. I am incredibly excited to 
con�nue on this journey with you. 

Sincerely, 

Barak Eilam 
Chief Executive Officer 

2023 Key milestones 

2023 

Total revenue of $2.4 billion, 
increased 9%  

Cloud revenue increased 
22%, and represented a 
record 67% of total revenue 

Exit cloud ARR exceeding 
$1.7 billion 

Number of AI deals  
increased 4x  

Record cloud gross margin of 
70.5% (Non-GAAP)  

Operating margin increased 
90 bps to 29.6% (Non-GAAP) 

Record operating cash flow of 
$561 million, increased 17% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Highlights for 2023 
$ in millions except EPS. 

 TOTAL REVENUE 
 (Non-GAAP) 

CAGR 11% 

$1,926

$2,378

$2,181

$1,577

$1,657

59%

67%

53%

47%

38%

CLOUD GROSS MARGIN 
(Non-GAAP) 

70.0%

70.5%

67.7%

65.6%

61.8%

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

Total Revenue

Cloud Revenue as a % of Total Revenue

OPERATING MARGIN 
(Non-GAAP) 

29.6%

28.4%

28.2%

28.7%

27.5%

NET INCOME (Non-GAAP) 

CAGR 14% 

$583

$507

$436

$378

$343

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

  CASH FROM OPERATIONS 

EPS (Non-GAAP) 

CAGR 11% 

$561

$480

$462

$480

$374

$8.79

CAGR 13% 

$7.62

$6.52

$5.73

$5.31

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 20-F 

☐ REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

☐ SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

Commission file number 0-27466

NICE LTD.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

N/A

(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)

Israel

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

13 Zarchin Street, P.O. Box 690, Ra’anana 4310602, Israel

(Address of principal executive offices)

Tali Mirsky
Corporate VP, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary
Tel: +972-9-7753151
E-mail: tali.mirsky@nice.com
13 Zarchin Street, P.O. Box 690, Ra’anana 4310602, Israel

(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class

American Depositary Shares, each 
representing
one Ordinary Share, par value one
New Israeli Shekel per share

Trading Symbol

NICE

Name of Each Exchange
On Which Registered 

NASDAQ Global Select Market

F-1

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

(Title of Class)

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:

None

(Title of Class)

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the 
annual report: 62,870,669 Ordinary Shares, par value NIS 1.00 per share (which excludes 11,904,158 treasury shares)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

☒ Yes    ☐ No

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 

or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject 
to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:

☐ Yes    ☒ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to 
Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to 
submit such files).

☒ Yes    ☐ No

☒ Yes    ☐ No

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  is  a  large  accelerated  filer,  an  accelerated  filer,  a  non-accelerated  filer,  or  an  emerging 
growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange 
Act. 

Large Accelerated Filer ☒
Non-Accelerated Filer ☐

Accelerated Filer ☐
Emerging Growth Company ☐

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has 
elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 
13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal 
control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that 
prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in 
the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive based compensation 
received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
☒ 
☐ 
☐ 
If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to 
follow:

U.S. GAAP
International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board
Other

 ☐ Item 17  ☐ Item 18

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

F-2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
☐ Yes     ☒ No

F-3

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F-1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers
Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable
Key Information
History and Development of the Company
Unresolved Staff Comments
Operating and Financial Review and Prospects
Directors, Senior Management and Employees
Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions
Financial Information
The Offer and Listing
Additional Information
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities

PART I
Item 1.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 4A.
Item 5.
Item 6.
Item 7.
Item 8.
Item 9.
Item 10.
Item 11.
Item 12.

PART II

Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies
Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds
Controls and Procedures
[Reserved]

Item 13.
Item 14.
Item 15.
Item 16.
Item 16A. Audit Committee Financial Expert
Code of Ethics
Item 16B.
Principal Accountant Fees and Services
Item 16C.
Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees
Item 16D.
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
Item 16E.
Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant
Item 16F.
Item 16G.
Corporate Governance
Item 16H. Mine Safety Disclosure
Item 16I.
Item 16K

Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections 
Cybersecurity

PART III

Item 17.
Item 18.
Item 19.
Index to Financial Statements

Financial Statements
Financial Statements
Exhibits

F-4

PRELIMINARY NOTE

This annual report contains historical information and forward-looking statements within the meaning of the 
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 with respect to NICE’s business, financial condition and results of 
operations.  The  words  “anticipate,”  “believe,”  “estimate,”  “expect,”  “intend,”  “may,”  “plan,”  “project,”  “should,” 
“strategy,” “continue,” “goal” and “target” and similar expressions, as they relate to NICE or its management, are 
intended  to  identify  forward-looking  statements.  Such  statements  reflect  the  current  beliefs,  expectations  and 
assumptions of NICE with respect to future events and are subject to various risks and uncertainties. The forward-
looking statements relate to, among other things: operating results; anticipated cash flows; gross margins; adequacy 
of  our  resources  to  fund  operations;  our  ability  to  maintain  our  average  selling  prices  despite  the  aggressive 
marketing and pricing strategies of our competitors; our ability to maintain and develop profitable relationships with 
our key distribution channels; the financial strength of our key distribution channels; and the market’s acceptance of 
our technologies, products and solutions.

In connection with the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, we 
are  identifying  important  factors  that,  individually  or  in  the  aggregate,  could  cause  actual  results  and  outcomes  to 
differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements made by us; any such statement is qualified 
by  reference  to  the  following  cautionary  statements.  Many  factors  could  cause  the  actual  results,  performance  or 
achievements of NICE to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements that may be 
expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements, including, among others, changes in general economic and 
business conditions, competition with existing or new competitors, the success and growth of our cloud Software-as-a-
Service  business,  successful  execution  of  our  growth  strategy,  difficulties  in  making  additional  acquisitions  or 
effectively integrating acquired operations, dependency on third-party cloud computing platform providers, hosting 
facilities and service partners, rapidly changing technology (including Artificial Intelligence), cyber security attacks or 
other security breaches, privacy concerns and legislation, our ability to recruit and retain qualified personnel, changes 
in  currency  exchange  rates  and  interest  rates,  the  effects  of  additional  tax  liabilities  resulting  from  our  global 
operations, the effect of unexpected events or geopolitical conditions, such as the conflicts in the Middle East, that may 
disrupt  our  business  and  the  global  economy  and  various  other  factors,  both  referenced  and  not  referenced  in  this 
annual report. These risks are more fully described under Item 3, “Key Information – Risk Factors” of this annual 
report.  Should  one  or  more  of  these  risks  or  uncertainties  materialize,  or  should  underlying  assumptions  prove 
incorrect,  our  actual  results  may  vary  materially  from  those  described  herein  as  anticipated,  believed,  estimated, 
expected, intended, planned or projected. All forward-looking statements are made only as of the date hereof. NICE 
does  not  intend  or  assume  any  obligation  to  update  these  forward-looking  statements.  Investors  should  bear  this  in 
mind as they consider forward-looking statements and whether to invest or remain invested in NICE’s securities.

In this annual report, all references to “NICE,” “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company” are to NICE Ltd., a company 
organized under the laws of the State of Israel, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. For a list of our significant subsidiaries, 
please refer to Item 4.C, “Organizational Structure” of this annual report. 

In  this  annual  report,  unless  otherwise  specified  or  unless  the  context  otherwise  requires,  all  references  to  “$”  or 
“dollars”  are  to  U.S.  Dollars,  all  references  to  “EUR”  are  to  Euros,  all  references  to  “GBP”  are  to  British  Pounds,  all 
references to “CHF” are to Swiss Francs, all references to “NIS” are to New Israeli Shekels, all references to “INR” are to 
Indian Rupees, all references to “PHP” are to Philippine peso, all references to “AUD” are to Australian Dollar, all references 
to “JPY” are to Japanese Yen, all references to “SGD” are to Singapore Dollar, and all references to “COP” are to Colombian 
Peso.  Except  as  otherwise  indicated,  the  financial  statements  of  and  information  regarding  NICE  are  presented  in  U.S. 
dollars.

F-5

Item 1. 

Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers.

PART I

Not Applicable.

Item 2. 

Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable.

Not Applicable.

1

Item 3. 

Key Information.

A.  [Reserved]

B. Capitalization and Indebtedness

Not applicable.

C. Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

D. Risk Factors 

Our  business  faces  significant  risks.  You  should  carefully  consider  all  of  the  information  set  forth  in  this  annual 
report and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“the SEC”), including the following risk factors 
which we face, and which are faced by our industry. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing 
us. Other events, circumstances or factors that we do not currently anticipate or that we currently do not deem to be material 
risks may also affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Our business, financial condition and results 
of operations could be materially and adversely affected by any of these risks.

Risks Relating to our Business, Competition and Markets

The markets in which we operate are highly competitive and we may be unable to compete successfully. 

The  markets  for  our  products,  solutions  and  related  services  (also  referred  to  elsewhere  in  this  document  as  our 
“offerings”) are, in general, highly competitive. Our competitors include a number of large, established software development 
vendors. Some of our principal competitors or potential competitors may have advantages over us, including greater resources, 
a  broader  portfolio  of  products,  applications  and  services,  greater  brand  recognition,  larger  patent  and  intellectual  property 
portfolios and access to a larger customer base. These potential advantages could enable our competitors to better adapt to new 
market  trends,  emerging  technologies  including  Artificial  Intelligence  ("AI"),  or  customer  requirements,  or  devote  more 
resources to the marketing and sale of their products and services.

Additional competition from existing and new potential entrants to our markets, including new technology vendors 
competing  in  specific  areas  of  our  business  or  specific  industry  verticals,  may  lead  to  the  widespread  availability  and 
standardization of some of the products and services we provide, which could result in the commoditization of our products 
and services, reduce the demand for our products and services, and drive us to lower our prices.

Additionally, prices of our offerings may decrease throughout the market due to competitive pressures, including by 
adoption  of  different  approaches  to  pricing  or  different  pricing  models,  which  may  be  necessary  in  light  of  the  potential  of 
conversational  AI-based  solutions  to  shift  the  market  from  agent-based  pricing  to  interaction-based  pricing,  or  alternatively 
during times of economic difficulty. This could have a negative effect on our gross profit and results of operations.

In  recent  years,  players  in  adjacent  markets  have  increased  their  presence  in  our  markets  through  internal 
development, partnerships and acquisitions. Infrastructure and/or enterprise software vendors, such as Customer Relationship 
Management (“CRM”) vendors, as well as Unified Communications as a Service (“UCaaS”), video collaboration providers,  
Platform as a Service (“PaaS”) vendors, pure digital as well as pure Conversational-AI vendors, have entered or may decide in 
the future to enter our market space, or build or acquire contact center as a Service (“CCaaS”) solutions and compete with us 
by offering comprehensive solutions and/or platforms. Moreover, as the investment in, and the shift to the use of Generative 
AI  technologies  continue  to  grow,  we  may  experience  increased  competition  by  vertical  solutions’  players  expanding  their 
portfolios in the digital CX market. We may also experience increased competition if large horizontal analytics providers and 
domain  specific  competitors  in  adjacent  markets  enter  or  increase  their  presence  in  the  Financial  Crime  and  Compliance 
markets. Some of these vendors may be well recognized by broadly known brand names, which can serve as an advantage as 
they enter or increase their presence in our market space. If we are not able to compete effectively with these market entrants 
or  other  competitors,  we  may  lose  market  share  and  our  business,  financial  condition  or  results  of  operations  could  be 
adversely affected.

In  light  of  the  intense  competition  in  our  markets,  successful  development,  positioning  and  sales  execution  of  our 
offerings is a critical factor in our ability to successfully compete and maintain growth. Therefore, we must continue making 
significant expenditures on research and development and marketing and sales activities to compete effectively. In addition, 

2

 
our software solutions may compete with software developed internally by potential customers, as well as software and other 
solutions offered by competitors. We cannot ensure that the market awareness or demand for our new products, applications or 
services will grow as rapidly as we expect, or that the introduction of new products or technological developments or services 
by others will not adversely impact the demand for our offerings.

Successful marketing of our offerings to our customers and partners will be critical to our ability to maintain growth 
and  our  competitive  positioning.  We  cannot  assure  that  our  offerings  or  existing  partnerships  will  allow  us  to  compete 
successfully.  The  market  for  some  of  our  solutions  is  highly  fragmented  and  includes  a  broad  range  of  product  offerings, 
features and capabilities. Consolidation through mergers and acquisitions, or alliances formed, among our competitors in this 
market,  could  substantially  influence  our  competitive  position,  especially  if  they  will  enable  our  competitors  to  offer  a 
competitive comprehensive platform solution.

As  we  expand  into  new  markets  and  geographies,  we  are  faced  with  new  challenges,  including  new  competition, 
which may possess specific assets, relationships, know-how, technologies, and/or different pricing strategies, that enable our 
competitors  to  better  respond  to  market  trends  or  customer  requirements  or  devote  greater  resources  to  the  development, 
promotion and sale of their products and services. 

Our inability to respond to the rapid technological changes and frequent new products, services and business models 
introductions in the markets in which we operate and address the related risks, may have a material adverse effect on 
our results from operations and/or competitive position. 

We operate in several markets, each characterized by rapidly changing technology, new product, services, business 
models introductions and evolving industry standards. These changes might exert price pressures on our offerings or render 
them obsolete. Our markets are also characterized by consistent demand for state-of-the-art technology and products. Existing 
and potential competitors might introduce new and enhanced products and services that could adversely affect the competitive 
position of our offerings.

We are making investments in AI based capabilities to enhance our offerings. AI technologies are rapidly evolving 
and  may  present  several  risks,  including  factual  errors  or  inaccuracies  in  the  work  product  developed  with  AI,  ethical  risks 
related to biases in the algorithm or programming, privacy and security concerns as well as risks related to confidentiality and 
intellectual property rights. The use of AI tools or any failure to address the responsible use of AI technology may result in 
potential financial or reputational harm.

We believe that our ability to anticipate changes in technology and industry standards and to successfully develop and 
introduce  new,  enhanced  and  differentiated  products  and  services,  on  a  timely  basis,  in  each  of  the  markets  in  which  we 
operate,  is  a  critical  factor  in  our  ability  to  grow  our  business.  As  a  result,  we  expect  to  continue  to  make  significant 
expenditures  on  research  and  development,  particularly  with  respect  to  new  software  applications  which  are  continuously 
required in all our business areas, as well as investments in AI and Generative AI related initiatives. In the event that we do not 
anticipate  changes  in  technology  or  industry  practices  or  fail  to  timely  address  market  needs  or  not  be  able  to  develop  new 
products and services that are in demand, or should customer adoption of new technologies be slower than we anticipate, or 
should our competitors introduce new and enhanced products incorporating AI more rapidly and/or successfully than us, the 
competitive position of our offerings may be adversely affected and we may lose market share and our results of operations 
may be materially adversely affected.

In  addition,  some  of  our  offerings  must  readily  integrate  with  customers'  systems  of  record  and  data  sources, 
consumer  facing  front-office  applications  and  back-office  business  operations  systems.  Any  changes  to  these  third-party 
systems could require us to redesign our products, and any such redesign might not be possible on a timely basis or achieve 
market acceptance. 

We cannot assure that the market or demand for our offerings will be sustained or grow as rapidly, that we will be 
successful  in  the  development,  adoption,  and  implementation  of  new  technologies,  products  and  applications,  including  in 
relation  to  products  incorporating  AI,  that  such  new  products  and  applications  will  achieve  market  acceptance  and  be 
competitive in technology and price and responsive to customer needs, or that the introduction of new products, services or 
technological developments by others, including AI based technologies, will not render our products and services obsolete or 
require adjustments in our products and services and/or business model in order to address the impact of such technological 
developments in relevant markets. Moreover, the market acceptance of AI-based products and services may expedite certain 
AI related trends in those markets. Such trends, if adopted on a large scale, may reduce the demand for certain solutions and 

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limit the revenues generated from our offerings. If any of the above occurs, our business, financial condition and results of 
operations could be materially adversely affected.

We may not be able to maintain and further expand the growth and/or profitability of our cloud business.

Our  Software-as-a-Service  (“SaaS”,  also  referred  to  as  “cloud”)  business,  in  both  our  Customer  Engagement  and 
Financial Crime and Compliance markets, has grown significantly, and therefore we are more dependent now on the success 
of  this  area  of  our  business.  If  we  are  not  able  to  compete  effectively,  generate  significant  revenues  or  maintain  the 
profitability  of  our  cloud  business  or  if  we  do  not  successfully  execute  our  cloud  strategy  or  anticipate  the  needs  of  our 
customers, including in relation to the pace of adoption of cloud solutions as well as AI-based offerings by large enterprises, 
our revenues could decline and our reputation may be adversely affected.

Our cloud offering is generally purchased by customers on a subscription basis. Failure by our customers to renew 
their  subscriptions  for  our  services  or  reduction  in  the  number  or  volume  of  subscriptions,  can  impact  our  revenues, 
profitability and results of operations. 

We rely on cloud computing platforms provided by third parties, including PaaS provided by strategic partners, such 
as  Amazon  and  Microsoft.  These  cloud  computing  platforms  may  not  continue  to  provide  competitive  features  and 
functionality,  or  may  not  be  available  on  commercially  reasonable  terms.  We  may  be  affected  by  the  pricing  of  certain 
infrastructure services, such as in the area of PaaS and network connectivity, which could in turn affect the rates we offer to 
our customers.

In addition, some of our customers may not accept the use of such services or particular platform. The inability to use 
any of these hardware, software or cloud computing platforms could have a material adverse impact on our business, increase 
our expenses and otherwise result in delays in providing our services until equivalent technology is either developed by us, or 
obtained  through  purchase  or  license  and  integrated  into  our  services.  In  addition,  to  the  extent  that  we  suffer  periods  of 
unavailability of our service for reasons related to PaaS providers, we may be contractually obligated to provide our customers 
with credits for future services, and in some cases refunds, or be liable for penalties. Any such extended service outages could 
harm our reputation, revenue and operating results.

Some  of  our  products  and  solutions  utilize  the  cloud  services  of  AI  accelerators  which,  due  to  growing  market 
demand  for  AI-based  offerings,  may  become  difficult  to  get  access  to  or  to  obtain  on  commercially  reasonable  terms.  The 
inability to obtain access to the required capacity for AI processing could limit our ability to deliver and expand growth in our 
AI-based offerings. This limitation could also result in deterioration of our cloud profitability. 

As we grow our cloud business, we will continue to depend on both existing and new strategic relationships with such 
vendors. Our inability to establish and foster these relationships could adversely affect the development of our cloud business, 
as well as our growth, reputation and results of operations.

Further,  cloud  computing  may  make  it  easier  for  new  competitors  to  enter  our  markets  due  to  the  lower  up-front 
technology costs and easier implementation and for existing market participants to compete with us on a greater scale. Such 
increased competition is likely to heighten the pressure on us to decrease our pricing, which could have a negative effect on 
our revenues, profitability and results of operations.

We may not be able to compensate for loss of on-premises business with the continued shift to cloud based offerings. 

The  increasing  prevalence  of  SaaS  delivery  models  offered  by  us  and  our  competitors  may  unfavorably  impact 
pricing and overall demand for our on-premises software products and related services, which could reduce our revenues and 
profitability. With the continued shift to cloud-based offerings, we cannot guarantee that revenues generated from our cloud 
business will compensate for a loss of business in our on-premises enterprise software business.

We may not be able to successfully execute our growth strategy.

Our  strategy  is  to  continue  investing  in,  enhancing  and  securing  our  business  and  operations  and  growing  our 
business, both organically and through acquisitions. Investments in, among other things, new markets, products, solutions, and 
technologies,  research  and  development,  infrastructure  and  systems,  geographic  expansion,  and  additional  qualified  and 
experienced personnel, are critical to achieving our growth strategy. Growth of our revenue depends on the success of all these 
factors,  including  our  ability  to  capture  market  share,  maintain  and  grow  revenues  from  existing  customers,  attract  new 

4

customers,  develop  our  strategic  partnerships,  introduce  our  offerings  to  new  global  markets,  strengthen  and  improve  our 
offerings  through  significant  investments  in  research  and  developments  and  successfully  consummate  and  integrate 
acquisitions. 

Our  success  depends  on  our  ability  to  execute  our  growth  strategy  effectively  and  efficiently  in  order  to  meet  our 
customers' and market needs. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to sustain our growth in future years. If we are unable 
to execute our growth strategy successfully and properly manage our investments and expenditures, our results of operations 
and stock price may be materially adversely affected. 

Customers’ move to communication channels other than voice could materially and adversely affect the success of our 
voice solutions.

Our voice solutions currently generate, and in recent years have generated, a significant portion of our revenues, and 
we  will  continue  to  rely  on  the  sales  of  our  voice  solutions  and  recurring  revenues,  such  as  subscription  and  maintenance 
services,  in  the  next  several  years.  The  trend  of  enterprise  customers  moving  from  voice  to  other  means  of  communication 
with the enterprise (such as self-service, e-mail, messaging applications, social media and chat) may result in a reduction in the 
demand for our voice platform and applications. Although our product portfolio caters to the changing demands in alternative 
communication  channels  and  we  have  experienced  growth  in  our  digital  channel  solutions,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that 
customers will adopt our solution for other communication channels to compensate for such possible decline in demand for 
our  voice  solutions.  Therefore,  a  significant  decline  in  the  voice  solutions  market  may  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on 
revenues generated from our voice solutions, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or 
results of operations.

Our  business  could  be  materially  adversely  affected  as  a  result  of  the  risks  associated  with  acquisitions  and 
investments.  In  particular,  we  may  not  succeed  in  making  additional  acquisitions  or  be  effective  in  integrating  such 
acquisitions.

As part of our growth strategy, we made a number of acquisitions over the last several years (see Item 5, “Operating 
and  Financial  Review  and  Prospects  -  Recent  Acquisitions”  in  this  annual  report  for  a  description  of  certain  recent 
acquisitions),  and  expect  to  continue  to  complete  acquisitions  and  investments  in  the  future.  As  we  continue  to  evaluate 
strategic opportunities, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in closing additional acquisitions. Even if we are 
successful  in  making  additional  acquisitions,  integrating  an  acquired  business  into  our  operations  or  investing  in  new 
technologies  may:  (1)  result  in  unforeseen  operating  difficulties  and  large  expenditures;  and  (2)  absorb  significant 
management  attention  that  would  otherwise  be  available  for  the  ongoing  development  of  our  business,  both  of  which  may 
result in the loss of key customers or personnel and expose us to unanticipated liabilities.

Other risks commonly encountered with acquisitions include the effect of acquisitions on our financial and strategic 
position,  the  inability  to  integrate  successfully  or  commercialize  acquired  technologies  and  achieve  expected  synergies  or 
economies of scale on a timely basis and the potential impairment of acquired assets. Further, we may not be able to retain the 
key  employees  that  may  be  necessary  to  operate  the  businesses  we  acquire  and  we  may  not  be  able  to  attract,  in  a  timely 
manner, new skilled employees and management to replace them.

In  recent  years,  several  of  our  competitors  have  also  completed  acquisitions  of  companies  in  our  markets  or  in 
complementary markets. As a result, it may be more difficult for us to identify suitable acquisitions or investment targets or to 
consummate  acquisitions  or  investments  once  identified  on  acceptable  terms  or  at  all.  If  we  are  not  able  to  execute  on  our 
acquisition strategy, we may not be able to achieve our growth strategy, may lose market share, or may lose our leadership 
position in one or more of our markets.

We often compete with others to acquire companies, and such competition may result in decreased availability of, or 
an increase in price for, suitable acquisition candidates. We also may not be able to consummate acquisitions or investments 
that we have identified as crucial to the implementation of our strategy for other commercial or economic reasons. Further, we 
may  not  be  able  to  obtain  the  necessary  regulatory  approvals,  including  those  of  competition  authorities  and  foreign 
investment  authorities,  in  countries  where  we  seek  to  consummate  acquisitions  or  make  investments.  For  those  and  other 
reasons, we may ultimately fail to consummate an acquisition, even if we announce the intended acquisition. Also, even if we 
do  consummate  acquisitions,  we  may  do  so  on  less  favorable  terms  and/or  may  be  subject  to  certain  conditions  or 
commitments imposed by such authorities and agencies that may impact post-acquisition integration or have an adverse effect 
on our business.

5

We may require significant financing to complete an acquisition or investment, whether through bank loans, raising 
of debt or otherwise. We cannot assure that such financing options will be available to us or on terms we find reasonable. In 
addition, if we consummate one or more significant acquisitions in which the consideration consists, in whole or in part, of our 
ordinary  shares  or  American  Depositary  Shares  (“ADSs”)  representing  our  ordinary  shares,  our  shareholders  may  suffer 
immediate  dilution  of  their  interests  in  us  or  the  value  of  their  interests  in  us,  or  may  suffer  future  dilution  if  we  issue 
exchangeable or convertible debt to finance a significant acquisition.

Future acquisitions or investments may also require us to incur contingent liabilities, amortization expenses related to 
intangible assets and impairment of goodwill, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and 
financial condition. In addition, we may knowingly enter into an acquisition that will have a dilutive impact on our earnings 
per share.

If we are unable to develop or maintain our relationships with existing and new distributors and strategic partners, our 
business and financial results could be materially adversely affected.

An  important  element  of  our  market  strategy  involves  developing  our  indirect  sales,  implementation  and  support 
channels,  which  includes  our  global  network  of  partners,  distributors,  resellers  and  other  strategic  partners.  We  have 
agreements in place with many distributors, dealers and resellers to market and sell our offerings across the business lines and 
geographies  in  which  we  operate.  Our  financial  results  could  be  materially  adversely  affected  if  our  agreements  with 
distribution channel partners or our other strategic partners were terminated, if our relationship with our distribution channel 
partners or our other strategic partners were to deteriorate, or if the financial condition of such partners were to weaken.

In addition, we depend on our channel partners globally to comply with applicable regulatory requirements. To the 
extent  that  they  fail  to  do  so,  that  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  operating  results,  and  financial 
condition.

The  execution  of  our  growth  strategy  also  depends  on  our  ability  to  create  new  alliances  and  enter  into  strategic 
partnerships with certain market players, including technology providers. Additionally, as our market opportunities change and 
we grow our business and expand in certain markets and territories, our dependency on particular distribution channels and 
strategic partners may increase or we may need to create new strategic partnerships and alliances to address changing market 
needs. We may not be successful in maintaining, creating or expanding these channels and partnerships, which may negatively 
impact the development of our business, our growth, gross margins and results of operations. 

We may also develop dependency on certain strategic partners, and to the extent that we have to find alternatives in 
the  market,  our  development  efforts  and  business  may  be  negatively  impacted.  Also,  these  partnerships  and  alliances  are 
typically  not  exclusive  and  our  partners  may  also  offer  products  and  services  of  our  competitors  or  may  compete  with  us 
directly. If we are not successful at creating and maintaining strategic partnerships under favorable terms, we may lose sales 
opportunities, customers and market share, which may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Risks Relating to Our Offerings and Operations

Some  of  our  enhanced  services  are  dependent  on  leased  network  connectivity  lines,  and  a  significant  disruption  or 
change in these services could adversely affect our business.

A significant portion of our cloud offering is provided to customers through a dedicated network of equipment we 
own that is connected through leased network connectivity lines based on Internet protocol with capacity dedicated to us. We 
also move a portion of our voice long distance service over this dedicated network.

We lease network connectivity lines and space at co-location facilities for our equipment from third-party suppliers. 
These co-location facilities represent the backbone of our dedicated network. If any of these suppliers is unable or unwilling to 
provide  or,  if  we  desire,  expand  their  current  levels  of  service  to  us,  the  services  we  offer  to  customers  may  be  adversely 
affected.  We  may  not  be  able  to  obtain  substitute  services  from  other  providers  at  reasonable  or  comparable  prices  or  in  a 
timely fashion. Any resulting disruptions in the services we offer that are provided over our dedicated network would likely 
result in customer dissatisfaction and adversely affect our operations. Furthermore, pricing increases by any of the suppliers 
we rely on for our dedicated network could adversely affect our results of operations if we are unable to pass-through such 
pricing increases.

6

We rely on multiple internet service providers to provide our customers and their clients with connectivity to our cloud 
contact  center  software.  While  we  have  multiple  redundancies  and  backups,  a  failure  by  these  service  providers  to 
provide reliable services could cause us to lose customers and subject us to claims for credits or damages. 

We  depend  on  internet  service  providers  to  provide  uninterrupted  and  error-free  service  through  their 
telecommunications networks. We exercise little control over these third-party providers, which increases our vulnerability to 
problems with the services they provide, including failures relating to internet accessibility in general. When problems occur, 
it may be difficult to identify the source of the problem. Service disruption or outages, even if not caused by our products or 
services, may result in loss of market acceptance of our offerings and any necessary remedial actions may force us to incur 
significant costs and expenses, such as payments of credits or damages to affected customers.

We rely on third-party network service providers to originate and terminate public switched telephone network calls, 
and significant failures in these networks could harm our operations.

For our business in the unified communications market, we leverage the infrastructure of third-party network service 
providers  to  provide  telephone  numbers,  public  switched  telephone  network  call  termination  and  origination  services,  and 
local number portability for our customers rather than deploying our own network. If any of these network service providers 
ceases  operations  or  otherwise  terminate  the  services  that  we  depend  on,  the  delay  in  switching  our  technology  to  another 
network service provider, if available, could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results.

We  rely  on  software  from  third  parties.  If  we  lose  the  right  to  use  that  software,  we  will  have  to  spend  additional 
capital to redesign our existing software to adhere to new third-party providers or develop new software.

We integrate and utilize various third-party software products, which may include Large Language Models (LLMs) 
or  other  AI  based-offerings  as  components  of  and/  or  integration  with  our  products  and  solutions  to  enhance  their 
functionality. Our business could be disrupted if functional versions of these software products were either no longer available 
to  us  or  no  longer  made  available  to  us  on  commercially  reasonable  terms.  Also,  in  the  event  that  any  of  these  third-party 
vendors is unable to meet our requirements in a timely manner or that our relationship with any such vendor is terminated, we 
may experience disruption in our business until an alternative source of supply can be obtained. Any disruption, or any other 
interruption in a vendor’s ability to provide components to us, could result in delays in making product deliveries or inability 
to deliver, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In  addition,  some  of  our  third-party  vendors  use  proprietary  technology  and  software  code  that  could  require 
significant redesign of our products in the case of a change in vendor. If we lost the right to use such third-party software, we 
would be required to spend additional capital to either redesign our software to function with alternate third-party software or 
develop these components ourselves. As a result, we might be forced to limit the features available in our current or future 
products and solutions and the commercial release of our products and solutions could be delayed.

Undetected errors or malfunctions in our products or services could impact demand for our products and services, and 
we could face potential product liability claims directly impairing our financial results.

Despite  extensive  testing  by  us  and  by  our  customers,  our  products  and  services  may  include  errors,  inaccuracies, 
defects, failures, bugs or other weaknesses that could result in unanticipated downtime for our customers, product returns, loss 
of or delay in market acceptance of our products and services, loss of competitive position, or claims by customers or others. 
In addition, ethical issues, inaccurate content, or unintentional bias may derive from the use of our AI incorporated products or 
unauthorized use of AI technologies and may also result in potential legal or reputational harm.  In addition, our customers 
may inadvertently use our services in ways that may cause a disruption in services for other customers attempting to use our 
services. Moreover, our customers could incorrectly implement or misuse our products or services, which could result in client 
dissatisfaction  and  harm  our  reputation  and  brand.  Correcting  and  repairing  such  errors,  inaccuracies,  failures,  misleading 
content or bugs could entail significant costs and could cause interruptions, delays or cessation of our products and services.

As our customers use our offerings for important aspects of their business, any errors, defects, disruptions in service 
or other performance problems could significantly damage our customers’ businesses and ultimately harm our reputation. As a 
result, customers could elect not to renew our services or delay or withhold payment to us. We could also lose future sales or 
customers  may  make  warranty  or  other  liability  claims  against  us,  which  may  harm  our  business  and  adversely  affect  our 
results. In particular, some of our customers, including financial institutions, may suffer significant damages as a result of a 
failure of our solutions to perform their functions. The occurrence of any of these events could result in our inability to attract 
or retain customers, and adversely affect our revenues, financial condition and results of operations.

7

Although  we  attempt  to  limit  any  potential  exposure  through  quality  assurance  programs,  validation  of  content, 
insurance and contractual terms, we cannot assure that we will be able to eliminate or successfully limit our liability for any 
failure of, or inaccuracies in, our solutions, including with respect to responsible use of products and services incorporating AI 
capabilities. Any product liability insurance we carry may not be sufficient to cover our losses resulting from any such product 
liability claims. The successful assertion of one or more large product liability claims against us could have a material adverse 
effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

We  provide  certain  service  level  commitments  to  our  customers,  which  could  cause  us  to  provide  credits  for  future 
services if the stated service levels are not met for a given period and could adversely impact our revenue.

Our customer agreements for cloud services provide service level commitments. If we are unable to meet the stated 
service level commitments or suffer extended periods of unavailability for our service, including for reasons related to PaaS 
providers or other third parties, we may be contractually obligated to provide these customers with credits for future services, 
and  in  some  cases  refunds,  or  be  liable  for  penalties.  Our  revenue  could  be  adversely  impacted  if  we  suffer  unscheduled 
downtime that exceeds the allowed downtimes under our agreements with our customers. Any such extended service outages 
could harm our reputation, revenue and operating results.

Risks Relating to Information and Product Security and Intellectual Property

If  our  security  and  cybersecurity  measures  or  those  of  our  third-party  hosting  facility  providers,  cloud  computing 
platform  providers,  or  third-party  service  partners  are  compromised,  and  unauthorized  access  is  obtained  to 
customers’ data, our data or our IT systems, our reputation may be harmed, and we may incur significant legal and 
financial exposure and liabilities.

Our  products  and  services  involve  the  storage  and  transmission  of  customers’  and  their  end  users’  proprietary  and 
other  sensitive  or  confidential  information,  including  financial  information  and  other  personally  identifiable  information.  In 
addition,  some  of  our  customers  use  our  products  and  services  to  compile  and  analyze  highly  sensitive  or  confidential 
information,  and  we  may  encounter  or  store  such  information  or  data,  including  when  we  perform  service  or  maintenance 
functions  for  our  customers.  Security  incidents  could  expose  us  to  a  risk  of  loss  or  unauthorized  use  of  this  information, 
investigations and enforcement actions, litigation and possible liability. Additionally, we may have contractual and other legal 
obligations to notify customers or other relevant parties of security incidents. While we have security measures in place, we 
are regularly subject to probes by hackers and from time to time we may be subject to security incidents, including as a result 
of  intentional  misconduct,  or  fraud  by  computer  hackers,  employee  error,  malfeasance  or  otherwise  which  may  result  in 
someone  obtaining  unauthorized  access  to,  or  use  of,  our  systems,  products  and  services,  our  customers’  data  or  our  data, 
including  our  intellectual  property  and  other  confidential  business  information,  in  order  to  derive  a  financial  benefit  or  for 
other  purposes.  In  addition,  while  we  have  internal  policies  and  procedures  in  connection  with  the  performance  of  services 
involving our customers’ confidential information, the perception or fact that any of our employees has improperly handled 
sensitive information of a customer or a customer’s end user could negatively affect our business.

Cyber  security  attacks  are  becoming  increasingly  sophisticated,  including  by  way  of  frequent  changes  in  the 
techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, and, in many cases, may not be identified until after a security incident occurs. 
If we fail to recognize and deal with such security attacks and threats, or if we fail to update our systems, products and services 
and  prevent  such  threatened  attacks  in  real  time  to  protect  our  customers’  or  other  parties’  sensitive  information,  whether 
retained in our systems or by our customers using our products and services, our business and reputation will be harmed. The 
costs  of  recognizing  and  addressing  security  attacks  and  threats  and  updating  our  systems,  products  and  services,  may  be 
significant.

Our offerings, including our cloud services, may be vulnerable to cyber-attacks, even if they do not contain defects. 
Such vulnerability may further increase as a result of the use of products and services incorporating AI capabilities. If there is 
a  successful  cyber-attack  on  one  of  our  products  or  services,  even  absent  a  defect  or  error,  it  may  also  result  in  questions 
regarding the integrity of our offerings generally, which could cause adverse publicity and impair their market acceptance and 
could have a material adverse effect on our results or financial condition.

Third  parties  may  attempt  to  attack  our  security  measures  or  inappropriately  take  advantage  of  our  solutions, 
including our cloud services, through computer viruses, electronic break-ins and other disruptions. Additionally, third parties 
may  attempt  to  fraudulently  induce  employees  or  customers  into  disclosing  sensitive  information  such  as  usernames, 
passwords  or  other  information  to  gain  access  to  our  customers’  data,  our  data  or  our  systems.  Furthermore,  our  customers 

8

 
may  authorize  third-party  technology  providers  to  access  their  customer  data,  and  some  of  our  customers  may  not  have 
adequate  security  measures  in  place  to  protect  their  data  that  is  stored  on  our  services.  Because  we  do  not  control  our 
customers or third-party technology providers, or the processing of such data by third-party technology providers, we cannot 
ensure the integrity or security of such transmissions or processing. Malicious third parties may also conduct attacks designed 
to temporarily deny customers access to our services. Any security incident could result in a loss of confidence in the security 
of our services, damage our reputation, negatively impact our future sales, disrupt our business and lead to legal liability.

While we maintain insurance coverage to protect us against a broad range of risks, including in relation to security 
incidents and cyber security attacks, we could still be subject to risks of losses that might be beyond the limits, or outside the 
scope, of coverage of our insurance and that may limit or prevent indemnification under our insurance policies. This potential 
insufficiency of insurance coverage could result in an adverse effect on our business, financial position, profit, and cash flows.

Interruptions or delays in our services through security incidents, failures, or disruptions could impede on our ability 
to deliver services, harm our reputation and our relationships with customers and partners, adversely affect our results 
of operation and subject us to liability.

Any interruptions or delays to our services, whether as a result of error or security incidents, and whether accidental 
or willful, could harm our reputation and our relationships with customers and partners, subject us to liability, and adversely 
affect our business and results of operations. In the event of damage or interruption, our insurance policies may not adequately 
compensate us for any losses that we may incur.

We  currently  serve  our  customers  using  third-party  data  center  hosting  facilities  and  cloud  computing  platform 
providers. While we have security measures in place that are aligned with applicable industry standards, they may be breached 
due  to  third-party  action,  including  intentional  misconduct  by  computer  hackers,  employee  error,  malfeasance  or  otherwise, 
and result in someone obtaining unauthorized access to our or our third-party vendors’ systems and infrastructure. Moreover, 
such facilities and platforms may be vulnerable to interruptions resulting from power or network connectivity issues, criminal 
acts  and  other  misconduct.  Occurrence  of  such  damage  or  interruptions  could  result  in  disruptions  in  our  services.  Despite 
precautions such vendors are required to take, the occurrence of such damage or interruption or other unanticipated problems 
at these facilities, could result in lengthy interruptions in our services, subject us to liability and require the issuance of credits 
or  payment  of  penalties  pursuant  to  our  customer  agreements,  and/or  cause  customers  to  terminate  their  subscriptions  and 
adversely affect our attrition rates and our ability to attract new customers, all of which would reduce our revenues. Also, we 
may not be entitled to indemnification or to recoup any such loss or damage from such service providers, which may result in 
us bearing the burden of any such liability or losses.

In addition, we are also dependent on our computer databases, billing systems and accounting computer programs, 
network and computer hardware that houses these systems to effectively operate our business and market our services. Our 
customers may become dissatisfied by any failures of such systems that interrupt our ability to deliver our services. Therefore, 
significant disruption or failure in the operation of these systems could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Furthermore, we provide some of our services through computer hardware that we own and that is currently located 
in third-party web hosting co-location facilities and data centers maintained and operated in various locations globally. Our 
hosting providers do not guarantee that our customers’ access to our solutions will be uninterrupted, error-free or secure. Our 
operations  depend  on  our  providers’  ability  to  protect  their  and  our  systems  in  their  facilities  against  such  damage  or 
interruption. Our back-up computer hardware and systems may not have sufficient capacity to recover all data and services in 
the event of an outage occurring simultaneously at all facilities. In the event that our hosting arrangements are terminated, or 
there is a lapse of service or accidental or willful damage to such facilities, we could experience lengthy interruptions in our 
service as well as delays and/or additional expense in arranging new facilities and services. Any or all of these events could 
cause interruptions in our services.

We may face risks relating to inadequate intellectual property protection and liability resulting from infringement by 
our products or solutions of third-party proprietary rights.

Our  success  is  dependent,  to  a  significant  extent,  upon  our  proprietary  technology.  We  currently  hold  529  U.S. 
patents and 40 patents issued in additional countries covering substantially the same technology as the U.S. patents. We have 
206  patent  applications  pending  in  the  United  States  and  other  countries.  We  rely  on  a  combination  of  patent,  trade  secret, 
copyright and trademark law, together with non-disclosure and non-competition agreements, as well as third-party licenses to 
establish and protect the technology used in our offerings. However, we cannot assure that such measures will be adequate to 
protect our proprietary technology, that competitors will not develop products with features based upon, or otherwise similar 
to  our  products,  that  intellectual  property  ownership  and  third-party  licenses,  including  copyrights  of  AI  output,  will  be 

9

available to us or that we will prevail in any proceeding instituted by us in order to enjoin competitors from selling similar 
products.  In  most  of  the  areas  in  which  we  operate,  third  parties  also  have  patents  which  could  be  found  applicable  to  our 
technology and products. Such third parties may include competitors, as well as large companies, which heavily invest in their 
patent  portfolios,  regardless  of  their  actual  field  of  business.  Although  we  believe  that  our  products  and  solutions  do  not 
infringe upon the proprietary rights of third parties, we cannot assure that one or more third parties will not make a claim or 
that we will be successful in defending such claim.

We generally distribute our software products and services under license terms that restrict the use of our products 
and services by terms and conditions prohibiting unauthorized reproduction or transfer of the software products or proprietary 
technology  or  data.  However,  effective  copyrights  and  other  intellectual  property  rights  protection  may  be  inadequate  or 
unavailable to us in every country in which our software products are available, and the laws of some foreign countries may 
not be as protective of intellectual property rights as those in the United States. Consequently, we may be unable to prevent 
our proprietary technology from being exploited abroad, which could affect our ability to expand to international markets or 
require  costly  efforts  to  protect  our  technology.  Policing  the  unauthorized  use  of  our  products,  trademarks  and  other 
proprietary rights is expensive, difficult and, in some cases, impossible. Litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce or 
defend  our  intellectual  property  rights,  to  protect  our  trade  secrets  or  to  determine  the  validity  and  scope  of  the  proprietary 
rights of others. Such litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of management resources, either of which could 
harm  our  business.  Accordingly,  despite  our  efforts,  we  may  not  be  able  to  prevent  third  parties  from  infringing  upon  or 
misappropriating our intellectual property.

From time to time third parties allege or claim patent infringements. In defending ourselves against any such claims 

or actions we may be subject to substantial costs and diversion of management resources.

In  addition,  to  the  extent  we  are  not  successful  in  defending  such  claims,  we  may  be  subject  to  injunctions  with 
respect to the use or sale of certain of our products or to liabilities for damages and may be required to obtain licenses which 
may  not  be  available  on  reasonable  terms.  Any  of  these  may  have  a  material  adverse  impact  on  our  business  or  financial 
condition.

We face risks relating to our use of certain “open source” software tools.

Certain of our software products contain open source code and we may use more open source code in the future. In 
addition, certain third-party software that we embed in our products contains open source code. Open source code is code that 
is covered by a license agreement that permits the user to liberally use, copy, modify and distribute the software without cost, 
provided  that  users  and  modifiers  abide  by  certain  licensing  requirements.  The  original  developers  of  the  open  source  code 
provide no warranties on such code.

As a result of our use of open source software, we could be subject to suits by parties claiming ownership of what we 
believe to be open source code and we may incur expenses in defending claims that we did not abide by the open source code 
license.  In  addition,  third-party  licensors  do  not  provide  intellectual  property  protection  with  respect  to  the  open  source 
components of their products, and therefore we may not be indemnified by such third-party licensors in the event that we or 
our  customers  are  held  liable  in  respect  of  the  open  source  software  contained  in  such  third-party  software.  If  we  are  not 
successful in defending against any such claims that may arise, we may be subject to injunctions and/or monetary damages or 
be required to remove the open source code from our products. Such events could disrupt our operations and the sales of our 
offerings, which would negatively impact our revenues and cash flow.

Moreover, under certain conditions, the use of open source code to create derivative code may obligate us to make the 
resulting  derivative  code  available  to  others  at  no  cost.  The  circumstances  under  which  our  use  of  open  source  code  would 
compel us to offer derivative code at no cost are subject to varying interpretations. If we are required to publicly disclose the 
source code for such derivative products or to license our derivative products that use an open source license, our previously 
proprietary software products may be available to others without charge. If this happens, our customers and our competitors 
may have access to our products without cost to them, which could harm our business.

We monitor our use of such open source code to avoid subjecting our products to conditions we do not intend. The 
use of such open source code, however, may ultimately subject some of our products to unintended conditions so that we are 
required to take remedial action that may divert resources away from our development efforts.

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Risks Relating to Regulatory Environment

Privacy and data protection concerns, legislation and other regulations may limit the use and adoption of our offerings, 
adversely affect our business, increase compliance costs and expose us to increased liability.

Governments and other international organizations in various jurisdictions around the world (such as the legislative 
and  regulatory  institutions  of  the  European  Union)  have  enacted  and  are  continuing  to  adopt  new  laws,  regulations  and 
guidelines  addressing  data  privacy  and  protection,  including  the  processing  (collection,  storage,  use,  etc.)  of  personal 
information, cyber security, breach notification, risk management and reporting. These laws, regulations and guidelines may 
be inconsistent across jurisdictions and are subject to evolving and differing (sometimes conflicting) interpretations. In some 
cases,  different  sets  of  data  privacy  laws  and  regulations,  such  as  the  European  Union’s  General  Data  Protection  Directive 
(“GDPR”), local laws and regulations and certain state laws in the U.S. on privacy and data protection, such as the California 
Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”), as amended by the California Privacy Rights Act ("CPRA"), the Colorado Privacy Act, the 
Connecticut Data Privacy Act, the Utah Consumer Privacy Act, and the Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act, as well as the 
Israeli  Privacy  Law  and  the  regulations  promulgated  thereunder  (the  “Israeli  Privacy  Law”),  also  govern  the  processing  of 
personal information. Additionally, new state privacy laws may also apply. While we invest in ensuring our compliance with 
applicable data privacy and protection laws, rules and regulations, these and other regulatory requirements may slow the pace 
at which we close sales or procurement transactions, restrict our ability to store, transfer and process data or, in some cases, 
impact our ability to offer some of our solutions and services for use in relation to data subjects that reside in certain locations 
or  our  customers’  ability  to  deploy  our  solutions  globally.  Compliance  with  these  regulatory  requirements  may  be  onerous, 
time consuming and expensive, especially where these requirements are inconsistent from jurisdiction to jurisdiction or where 
the jurisdictional reach of certain requirements is not clearly defined or seeks to reach across national borders. 

Should  we,  or  any  party  on  our  behalf,  fail  to  comply  with  privacy  legislation  or  procedures  or  other  required  or 
agreed  security  measures,  we  may  incur  substantive  civil  liability  to  government  agencies,  customers,  shareholders  and 
individuals whose privacy may have been compromised. As privacy legislation is increasing globally, and more government 
agencies  are  granted  with  authority  to  fine  organizations  for  non-compliance  with  applicable  data  privacy  laws  and 
regulations, and require companies to take certain steps to remediate such non-compliance, we may find ourselves forced to 
pay damages penalties, fines, remediation costs, reimbursement of customer costs and other significant expenses due to our (or 
our subcontractors' or vendors’) non-compliance with data privacy laws and regulations. Moreover, even the perception that 
the  privacy  of  personal  information  that  we  process  or  control  is  not  adequately  protected  or  does  not  meet  regulatory 
requirements could damage our reputation, inhibit sales of our products or services and could limit adoption of our offerings.

In addition to legal and regulatory requirements, we are contractually obligated to certain customers, and may in the 
future be expected by prospective customers, to meet certain information security certifications or other standards established 
by third parties, such as the ISO 27001:2013 on information security management certification. If we are unable to obtain or 
maintain these certifications or meet these standards, it could harm our business and subject us to liability.

Industry-specific  regulation  and  other  requirements  and  standards  are  evolving  and  unfavorable  industry-specific 
laws, regulations, interpretive positions or standards could harm our business.

Our  customers  and  potential  customers  conduct  business  in  a  variety  of  industries,  including  financial,  insurance, 
telecommunications  and  healthcare  services.  We  also  serve  customers  in  the  public  safety  and  other  government  entities. 
Regulators in certain industries have adopted and may in the future adopt regulations or interpretive positions regarding the 
use of cloud computing and other outsourced services. The costs of compliance with, and other burdens imposed by, industry-
specific  laws,  regulations  and  interpretive  positions  may  limit  our  customers’  use  and  adoption  of  our  services  and  reduce 
overall demand for our services. Compliance with these regulations may also require us to devote greater resources to support 
certain customers, which may increase costs and lengthen sales cycles. For example, some financial services regulators have 
imposed guidelines for use of cloud computing services that mandate specific controls or require financial services enterprises 
to obtain regulatory approval prior to outsourcing certain functions. Other example may include customers’ requirements with 
respect  to  sovereign  cloud  platform.  If  we  are  unable  to  comply  with  these  guidelines  or  controls,  or  if  our  customers  are 
unable to obtain regulatory approval to use our services where required, our business may be harmed. If in the future we are 
unable to achieve or maintain industry specific certifications or other requirements or standards relevant to our customers, it 
may harm our business and adversely affect our results.

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Our  revenues  would  be  adversely  affected  if  we  fail  to  adapt  our  offerings  to  changes  in  rules  and  regulations 
applicable  to  the  business  of  certain  customers,  such  as  rules  and  regulations  regarding  securities  trading,  broker  sales 
compliance and anti-money laundering, which could have an impact on their need for our products and services.

In certain industries in which we operate, there may be regulations or guidelines for use of SaaS, hosting and cloud-
based  services  that  mandate  specific  controls  or  require  enterprises  to  obtain  certain  approvals  prior  to  outsourcing  certain 
functions. In addition, we may be limited in our ability to transfer or outsource business to certain jurisdictions and may be 
limited  in  our  ability  to  undertake  development  activity  in  certain  jurisdictions,  which  may  impede  on  our  efficiency  and 
adversely affect our business results of operations.

Changes  in  the  legal  and  regulatory  environment  could  materially  and  adversely  affect  our  business,  results  of 
operations and financial condition.

Our  business,  results  of  operations  and  financial  condition  could  be  materially  and  adversely  affected  if  laws, 
regulations or standards relating to our business, products and services, our operation or our employees (including labor laws 
and regulations) are changed or new ones are implemented. Such implemented laws and regulations include requirements in 
the  United  States,  Europe,  U.K.  and  other  territories  in  relation  to  data  privacy  and  protection,  AI,  anti-bribery  and  anti-
corruption, foreign investment, import and export, sanctions, labor, tax and environmental and social issues. For information 
on the market risks relating to data privacy and protection, please see Item 3, “Risks Relating to Regulatory Environment" in 
this annual report. 

Certain  states  and  countries  have  already  taken  steps  towards,  proposed,  or  implemented,  laws  and  regulations 
relating  to  AI,  including  in  the  United  States  and  the  upcoming  regulations  of  the  European  Parliament.  As  the  regulatory 
landscape continues to evolve, our investment in products and services incorporating AI may result in enhanced governmental 
or regulatory scrutiny. Compliance with the regulatory requirements, as well as with related requirements by our customers, 
may  be  onerous,  time  consuming  and  expensive  and  may  require  adjustments  in  our  products  and  services.  Any  failure  to 
comply with such requirements may result in reputation or financial harm and may affect our business, financial condition or 
results of operations. 

While we attempt to prepare in advance for such new or changed requirements and standards, we cannot assure that 
we will be successful in our efforts, that such changes will not negatively affect the demand for our products and services, or 
that our competitors will not be more successful or prepared than us. 

Alternatively,  any  substantial  changes  resulting  in  a  reduction  in  the  implementation  or  elimination  of  rules  and 
regulations  that  apply  to  a  certain  sector  of  our  business,  such  as  deregulation  in  the  area  of  compliance,  could  result  in  a 
decrease in demand by customers, which could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Risks Relating to Our Financial Condition

Our quarterly results may be volatile at times, which could cause us to miss our forecasts.

We generally provide forecasts as to expected future revenues and profitability in the coming fiscal quarters and fiscal 
year.  Our  revenue  and  operating  results  can  vary  and  have  varied  in  the  past,  sometimes  substantially,  from  one  quarter  to 
another. These forecasts are based on management estimation and expectations, our then-existing pipeline and backlog, and an 
analysis  of  assumptions  and  assessments  that  may  not  materialize  or  end  up  being  inaccurate.  We  may  not  meet  our 
expectations  or  those  of  industry  analysts  in  a  particular  future  quarter.  Our  quarterly  operating  results  may  be  subject  to 
significant fluctuations due to the following factors: the timing and size of customer orders, delays in issuance or shifting of 
customer  orders  (as  often  happens  when  customers  postpone  their  buying  decisions  to  the  end  of  the  budgetary  year), 
variations in distribution channels, mix of products and services, new product introductions and competitive pressures. 

Our cloud offering is generally purchased by customers on a subscription basis and revenues from these offerings are 
generally recognized ratably over the term of the subscriptions. In cases where our cloud offering is purchased on a usage-
based  model,  there  may  be  seasonality  in  the  usage  of  our  offering,  including  macroeconomic  factors  that  may  impact 
customer usage of our solutions, which would impact our ability to predict and forecast revenues and result in fluctuations in 
our quarterly results. Therefore, the continued growth of our cloud business could adversely affect our results of operations 
and our ability to forecast our quarterly results.

Our revenue and operating profit growth depends on the continued growth of demand for our products and services, 
and  our  business  is  affected  by  general  economic,  business,  and  geopolitical  conditions  worldwide,  including  inflation  and 

12

rising interest rates. A softening of demand, whether caused by changes in customer preferences or a weakening of the U.S. or 
global economies, may result in decreased revenue or growth. 

In addition, we derive a substantial portion of our sales through indirect channels, making it more difficult for us to 
predict  revenues  because  we  depend  partially  on  estimates  of  future  sales  provided  by  third  parties.  Changes  in  our 
arrangements  with  our  network  of  channel  partners  or  in  the  products  they  offer,  such  as  the  introduction  of  new  support 
programs for our customers, which combines support from our channel partners with back-end support from us, could affect 
the timing and volume of orders. Furthermore, our expense levels are based, in part, on our expectations as to future revenues. 
If our revenue levels are below expectations, our operating results could be adversely affected.

Fluctuations in our results of operations may result from, among other things, our ability to retain and increase sales 
to existing customers, attract new customers and satisfy our customers’ requirements, the timing and success of new product 
and solution introductions and enhancements or product initiation by our competitors, the purchasing and budgeting cycles of 
our customers and general economic, industry and market conditions. 

While  seasonality  and  other  factors  mentioned  above  are  common  in  the  software  and  technology  industry,  this 
pattern  should  not  be  considered  a  reliable  indicator  of  our  future  revenue  or  financial  performance.  Many  other  factors, 
including general economic conditions, may also have an impact on our business and financial results.

In addition, changes in non-core business factors including taxes and foreign exchange may also cause variation in 

quarterly results. 

We face foreign exchange currency risks.

Exchange rate fluctuations affect our operations. We experience risks from fluctuations in the value of the NIS, EUR, 
GBP,  INR,  PHP  and  other  currencies  compared  to  the  U.S.  dollar,  the  functional  currency  in  our  financial  statements.  A 
significant  portion  of  the  expenses  associated  with  our  Israeli  ,Indian  and  Philippines  operations,  including  personnel  and 
facilities  related  expenses,  are  incurred  in  NIS,  INR  and  PHP,  respectively,  whereas  most  of  our  business  and  revenues  are 
generated in dollars, and to a certain extent, in GBP, EUR and other currencies. If the value of the dollar decreases against 
these foreign currencies, our earnings may be negatively affected. As a result, we may experience an increase in the costs of 
our operations, as expressed in dollars, which could adversely affect our earnings. In addition, certain balance sheet items are 
denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollar. Fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar exchange rate compared to these 
currencies, can result in unfavorable balance sheet revaluation at the reporting period.

We monitor foreign currency exposure and may use various instruments to preserve the value of sales transactions, 
expenses  and  commitments,  however  this  cannot  assure  our  full  protection  against  risks  of  currency  fluctuations  that  could 
affect our financial results. As part of our efforts to mitigate these risks, we use foreign currency hedging mechanisms, which 
may  be  ineffective  in  protecting  us  against  adverse  currency  fluctuations  and  can  also  limit  opportunities  to  profit  from 
exchange rate fluctuations that would otherwise be favorable. For information on the market risks relating to foreign exchange, 
please see Item 11, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” in this annual report.

We  currently  benefit  from  local  government  programs  as  well  as  international  programs  and  local  tax  benefits  that 
may be discontinued or reduced, or may result in liabilities if underlying conditions are not met.

We derive and expect to continue to derive benefits from various programs, including Israeli tax benefits relating to 
our  “Preferred  Technology  Enterprise”  programs,  and  certain  other  grants  and  tax  benefits,  including  grants  from  the  Israel 
Innovation Authority (formerly known as the Office of the Chief Scientist of the Ministry of Economy) of the State of Israel 
(the “IIA”), for research and development. 

To  be  eligible  for  tax  benefits  as  a  Preferred  Technology  Enterprise,  we  must  continue  to  meet  certain  conditions. 
While  we  believe  that  we  have  met  and  continue  to  meet  the  conditions  that  entitle  us  to  previously  obtained  Israeli  tax 
benefits, there can be no assurance that we will in the future or that the Israeli Tax Authorities will agree.

To be eligible for IIA-related grants and benefits, we must continue to meet certain conditions, including conducting 
the research, development, manufacturing of products developed with such IIA grants in Israel, and providing the IIA with an 
undertaking  that  the  know-how  to  be  funded,  and  any  derivatives  thereof,  is  wholly-owned  by  us,  upon  its  creation.  In 
addition,  we  are  prohibited  from  transferring  to  third  parties  the  know-how  developed  with  these  grants  without  the  prior 

13

approval of a governmental committee and, possibly, paying a fee. See Item 4, “Information on the Company—Research and 
Development” in this annual report, for additional information about IIA programs.

If  the  local  and  international  grants,  programs  and  benefits  available  to  us  or  the  laws,  rules  and  regulations  under 
which they were granted are eliminated or their scope is further reduced, or if we fail to meet the conditions of existing grants, 
programs  or  benefits  and  are  required  to  refund  grants  or  tax  benefits  already  received  (together  with  interest  and  certain 
inflation  adjustments)  or  fail  to  meet  the  criteria  for  future  Israeli  Preferred  Technology  Enterprises,  our  business,  financial 
condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Additional tax liabilities resulting from our global operations could materially adversely affect our results of operations 
and financial condition. 

As  a  global  corporation,  we  are  subject  to  income,  non-income  and  transactional  tax  regimes  in  the  United  States, 
Israel, India and various other jurisdictions, which are unsettled and may be subject to significant change. Our effective tax 
rate  could  be  materially  affected  by  changes  in  tax  rulings,  tax  laws,  regulations,  administrative  practices,  principles, 
applicability  of  special  tax  regimes,  or  changes  in  interpretations  of  existing  tax  laws,  including  changes  to  the  global  tax 
framework, in the jurisdictions in which we do business. Such changes could come about as a result of economic, political, and 
other  conditions.  Additionally,  our  effective  tax  rate  could  be  affected  by  changes  in  the  mix  of  earnings  in  countries  with 
differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuations of our deferred tax assets and liabilities, tax implications of acquisitions, 
expansion into new territories, intercompany transactions, changes in foreign currency exchange rates, changes in our stock 
price and uncertain tax positions.Although we believe that our provision for income taxes and our tax estimates are reasonable, 
tax authorities may disagree with certain positions we have taken. From time to time, we are subject to income and other tax 
audits in various jurisdictions, the timing of which is unpredictable. We regularly assess the likelihood of an adverse outcome 
resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our tax accruals. While we believe we comply with applicable 
tax  laws  and  have  adequate  balance  sheet  reserves  related  to  tax  positions,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  a  governing  tax 
authority  will  not  have  a  different  interpretation  of  the  law  and  assess  us  with  additional  taxes,  which  we  may  dispute  and 
litigate. If we are assessed additional taxes or if additional taxes are imposed on us, such additional taxes could have a material 
adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

The  Organization  for  Economic  Co-operation  and  Development,  an  international  association  of  38  countries 
including  the  United  States,  has  proposed  changes  to  numerous  long-standing  tax  principles,  namely,  its  Pillar  Two 
framework, which imposes a global minimum corporate tax rate of 15%. In December 2022, the EU member states adopted a 
directive that complements the Pillar Two framework. Certain countries in which we operate have enacted legislation to adopt 
the Pillar Two framework (e.g., United Kingdom), and several other countries are also considering changes to their tax laws to 
implement this framework. The first component of the Pillar Two framework is expected to be effective for us in calendar year 
2024  with  a  second  component  expected  to  be  effective  in  fiscal  year  2025.  When  and  how  this  framework  is  adopted  or 
enacted by the various countries in which we do business could increase tax complexity and uncertainty and may adversely 
affect our provision for income taxes in the United States and other non-U.S. jurisdictions.

Further,  there  are  proposals  to  introduce  further  amendments  to  the  U.S.  federal  tax  regime,  applicable  to 
corporations.  As  of  the  date  of  filing,  it  remains  unclear  what  legislation,  if  any,  would  be  enacted.  If  the  draft  legislation 
currently  being  discussed  is  enacted,  it  could  create  the  potential  for  added  volatility  in  our  provision  for  income  taxes  and 
might have an adverse impact on our future income tax provision and tax rate.

We might recognize a loss with respect to our financial investments.

We  invest  most  of  our  cash  through  a  variety  of  financial  investments.  If  the  obligor  of  any  of  our  financial 
investments defaults or undergoes reorganization in bankruptcy, we may lose a portion of such investment and our assets and 
income may decrease. In addition, a downturn in the credit markets or the downgrading of the credit rating of our investments 
could result in a reduction in the market value of our holdings and reduce the liquidity of our investments, which could require 
us to recognize a loss at the time of credit impairment and would adversely affect our assets and income.

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Our debt could adversely affect our financial condition and impact our business needs and plans.

We incurred indebtedness pursuant to the issuance of the 2020 Notes (as defined in Item 10, "Additional Information 
- Material Contracts - Notes and Indenture”). The debt incurred could have adverse consequences to our financial condition 
and business.

Our ability to fund planned capital expenditures and to maintain sufficient working capital will depend on our ability 
to continue to generate cash in the future. This is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, business, regulatory and 
other factors that may be beyond our control. We cannot assure that our business will continue to generate sufficient cash flow 
from operations or that future financing will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to service our debt, or to 
fund our other liquidity needs or execute on our strategic plans.

Any required prepayment or exchange of our 2020 Notes, including as a result of an optional redemption, event of 
default or fundamental change triggering such right, would lower our current cash on hand such that we would not have those 
funds available for use in our business, which could adversely affect our operating results.

The  accounting  method  for  convertible  debt  securities  that  may  be  settled  in  cash,  such  as  the  Notes,  may  have  a 
material effect on our reported financial results.

For our 2020 Notes (as defined in Item 10, "Additional Information - Material Contracts - Notes and Indenture”), on 
December  31,  2021,  we  irrevocably  elected  that  all  conversions  occurring  on  or  after  December  31,  2021  will  be  settled 
pursuant to Combination Settlement (as defined in the 2020 Indenture) with a Specified Dollar Amount (as defined in the 2020 
Indenture)  no  less  than  $1,000  per  $1,000  principal  amount  of  2020  Notes.  Generally,  under  this  settlement  method,  the 
conversion value corresponding to the principal amount will be converted in cash, and the conversion value over the principal 
amount will be settled, at the Company’s election, in cash or shares or a combination thereof. Given the adoption of ASU No. 
2020-06 on January 1, 2022, there will be an impact to earnings per share as a result of the adoption based on the if-converted 
method if the Company's average share price will exceed the conversion price of the 2020 Notes. In addition, if such cash is 
not available, we may be required to sell other assets or enter into alternate financing arrangements at terms that may or may 
not be desirable.

If  we  fail  to  maintain  effective  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  and  operations,  it  could  have  a  material 
adverse effect on our business, operating results, and the price of our ordinary shares and ADSs.

Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and prepare consolidated financial 
statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP and U.S. securities laws, as well as to effectively 
prevent material fraud. Because of inherent limitations, even effective internal control over financial reporting may not prevent 
or detect every misstatement. In addition, if we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, we may not be able to 
ensure  that  we  can  conclude  on  an  ongoing  basis  that  we  have  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  and 
operations. Furthermore, as we grow our business or acquire businesses, our internal controls may become more complex and 
we may require significantly more resources to ensure they remain effective. In addition, we may identify material weaknesses 
or significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting. Failure to maintain effective internal control over 
financial reporting and operations could result in investigation or sanctions by regulatory authorities and could have a material 
adverse effect on our business and operating results, investor confidence in our reported financial information, and the market 
price of our ordinary shares and ADSs.

Current and future accounting pronouncements and other financial reporting standards and principles might have a 
significant impact on our financial position and negatively impact our financial results.

We  prepare  our  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  U.S.  GAAP.  These  principles  are  subject  to 
interpretation  by  the  SEC  and  various  bodies  formed  to  interpret  and  create  appropriate  accounting  principles.  A  change  in 
these  principles  can  have  a  significant  effect  on  our  reported  results  and  may  even  retroactively  affect  previously  reported 
transactions. Additionally, the adoption of new or revised accounting principles may require that we make significant changes 
to our systems, processes and controls. Changes resulting from these new standards may result in materially different financial 
results and may require that we change how we process, analyze and report financial information and that we change financial 
reporting controls.

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We regularly monitor our compliance with applicable financial reporting standards and review new pronouncements 
and  drafts  thereof  that  are  relevant  to  us.  As  a  result  of  new  standards,  changes  to  existing  standards  and  changes  in  their 
interpretation, we might be required to change our accounting policies.

This could lead to risks associated with our ability to react in a timely manner to new accounting pronouncements and 
financial reporting standards and unpredictable changes in interpretation of standards. Any one or more of these events could 
have an adverse effect on our business, financial position, and profit.

Risks Relating to our Securities

The market price of each of our ADSs, ordinary shares and the Notes is volatile and may decline.

Numerous factors, some of which are beyond our control, may cause the market price of our ADSs, ordinary shares 

and the Notes to fluctuate significantly. These factors include, among other things:

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Quarterly variations in our operating results;

Changes in expectations as to our future financial performance, including financial estimates by securities;

Perceptions of our company held by analysts and investors;

Additions or departures of key personnel;

Announcements related to dividends and share repurchase plans;

Development of or disputes concerning our intellectual property rights;

Announcements of technological innovations;

Material orders of our products or services by customers and business partners;

New products and services by us or our competitors;

Acquisitions or investments by us or by our competitors and partners;

Security breaches or other incidents impacting our customers’ or their end users’ data and security breaches 
of companies that provide solutions or services similar to ours;

The exchangeability of the 2020 Notes for ADSs;

Hedging or arbitrage trading activity involving ADSs by holders of the 2020 Notes;

Currency exchange rate fluctuations;

Earnings releases by us, our partners or our competitors;

General financial, economic and market conditions;

Political changes, unrest in regions (including the ongoing war in Israel), natural catastrophes;

Market conditions in the industry and the general state of the securities markets, with particular emphasis on 
the technology and Israeli sectors of the securities markets; and

General stock market volatility.

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Our ADSs and ordinary shares are traded on different markets and this may result in price variations.

Our ADSs have been listed on The NASDAQ Stock Market since 1996 and our ordinary shares have been traded on 
the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange, or the “TASE,” since 1991. Trading in our securities on these markets takes place in different 
currencies (our ADSs are traded in U.S. dollars and our ordinary shares are traded in New Israeli Shekels), and at different 
times (resulting from different time zones, different trading days and different public holidays in the United States and Israel). 
As a result, the trading prices of our securities on these two markets may differ due to these factors. In addition, any decrease 
in the price of our securities on one of these markets could cause a decrease in the trading price of our securities on the other 
market.

Substantial future sales or the perception of sales of our ADSs or ordinary shares, or the exchange, or conversion of a 
substantial  amount  of  2020  Notes,  or  perception  thereof,  could  cause  the  price  of  our  ADSs  or  ordinary  shares  to 
decline.

Sales of substantial amounts of our ADSs or ordinary shares in the public market, or the perception that these sales 
could  occur,  could  adversely  affect  the  price  of  our  ADSs  and  ordinary  shares  and  could  impair  our  ability  to  raise  capital 
through the sale of additional shares. Such sales may also make it more difficult for us to sell equity or equity-related securities 
in the future at a time and at a desirable price.

Additionally,  the  issuance  of  ADSs  upon  future  exchanges  or  conversions  of  the  2020  Notes  for  ADSs,  or  the 
perception  that  these  exchanges  or  conversions  may  occur,  could  dilute  shareholders  and  reduce  the  market  price  of  the 
ordinary shares or ADSs. This could also impair NICE’s abilities to raise additional capital through the sale of its securities.

The  market  price  of  the  ordinary  shares  and  the  ADSs,  which  may  fluctuate  significantly,  will  directly  affect  the 
market price for the 2020 Notes.

We expect that the market price of the ordinary shares and the ADSs will affect the market price of the 2020 Notes. 
This may result in greater volatility in the market price of the 2020 Notes than would be expected for non-exchangeable notes. 
The market price of the ordinary shares and the ADSs will likely fluctuate in response to a number of factors, many of which 
are beyond our control. Holders who receive ADSs upon exchange of the 2020 Notes will therefore be subject to the risk of 
volatility and depressed prices of ADSs. In addition, we expect that the market price of the 2020 Notes will be influenced by 
yield and interest rates in the capital markets, our creditworthiness and the occurrence of certain events affecting us that do not 
require  an  adjustment  to  the  exchange  rate.  Fluctuations  in  yield  rates  in  particular  may  give  rise  to  arbitrage  opportunities 
based upon changes in the relative values of the Notes and ADSs. Any such arbitrage could, in turn, affect the market prices of 
ADSs and the Notes.

The fundamental change and make-whole fundamental change provisions of the 2020 Notes may delay or prevent an 
otherwise beneficial attempt to acquire our company.

The fundamental change prepayment rights of the noteholders under the 2020 Notes, which would allow noteholders 
to require that we prepay all or a portion of their 2020 Notes upon the occurrence of a fundamental change, and the provisions 
under the 2020 Notes requiring an increase to the exchange rate for exchanges in connection with a make-whole fundamental 
change,  in  certain  circumstances  may  delay  or  prevent  an  acquisition  of  NICE  that  would  otherwise  be  beneficial  to  our 
shareholders.

It may be difficult to enforce a U.S. judgment against us and our officers and directors in Israel or the United States, or 
to serve process on our officers and directors.

Service of process upon us, our Israeli subsidiaries, directors and officers, and Israeli advisors, if any, named in this 
annual report, may be difficult to obtain within the United States. Additionally, it may be difficult to enforce civil liabilities 
under U.S. federal securities law in original actions instituted in Israel. Israeli courts may refuse to hear a claim based on a 
violation of U.S. securities laws because Israel is not the most appropriate forum to bring such a claim. In addition, even if an 
Israeli court agrees to hear a claim, it may determine that Israeli law and not U.S. law is applicable to the claim. If U.S. law is 
found to be applicable, the content of applicable U.S. law must be proved as a fact, which can be a time-consuming and costly 
process. Certain matters of procedure will also be governed by Israeli law. There is little binding case law in Israel addressing 
these matters.

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Provisions  of  Israeli  law  may  delay,  prevent  or  otherwise  impede  a  merger  with,  or  an  acquisition  of,  our  company, 
which  could  prevent  a  change  of  control,  even  when  the  terms  of  such  a  transaction  are  favorable  to  us  and  our 
shareholders.

Israeli corporate law regulates mergers, requires tender offers for acquisitions of shares above specified thresholds, 
establishes a high ownership threshold to squeeze out minority shareholders in a full tender offer, requires special approvals 
for  transactions  involving  directors,  officers  or  significant  shareholders  and  regulates  other  matters  that  may  be  relevant  to 
these types of transactions.

Furthermore,  Israeli  tax  considerations  may  make  potential  transactions  unappealing  to  us  or  to  our  shareholders 
whose  country  of  residence  does  not  have  a  tax  treaty  with  Israel  exempting  such  shareholders  from  Israeli  tax.  These  and 
other similar provisions could delay, prevent or impede an acquisition of us or our merger with another company, even if such 
an acquisition or merger would be beneficial to us or to our shareholders.

See  Item  10,  “Additional  Information—Mergers  and  Acquisitions”  in  this  annual  report,  for  additional  discussion 

regarding anti-takeover effects of Israeli law.

General Risk Factors

Conditions and changes in the local and global economic environments may adversely affect our business and financial 
results.

Adverse  economic  conditions  in  markets  or  regions  in  which  we  operate  can  harm  our  business.  Our  results  of 
operations can be affected by adverse changes in local and global economic conditions, slowdowns, inflation, recessions and 
economic instability. To the extent that our business suffers as a result of such unfavorable economic and market conditions, 
our operating results may be materially adversely affected. 

In  particular,  enterprises  may  reduce  spending  in  connection  with  their  contact  centers,  financial  institutions  may 
reduce spending in relation to trading floors, compliance and operational risk management (as IT-related capital expenditures 
are typically lower priority in times of economic slowdowns), and generally our customers may prioritize other expenditures 
over  our  solution,  including  a  possible  slowdown  resulting  from  a  shift  or  reduction  in  expenditures  driven  by  AI  and 
Generative AI solutions. If any of the above occurs, and our customers or partners do not adopt our solutions, significantly 
reduce their spending, or significantly delay or fail to make payments to us, our business, results of operations, and financial 
condition could be materially adversely affected.

In addition, our operations may be subject to the effects of the rising rate of inflation. If our costs were to become 
subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs through price increases. Our 
inability or failure to do so could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Some  of  our  customers,  and  in  particular  customers  in  the  banking  sector,  may  suffer  from  liquidity  concerns  and 
possibly go out of business due to disruption to the global economy, which may adversely impact our business and results of 
operations.

Disruption to the global economy could also result in a number of follow-on effects in addition to a slow-down in our 
business  and  increased  costs,  including  a  possible  (i)  negative  impact  on  our  liquidity,  financial  condition  and  share  price, 
which may impact our ability to raise capital in the market, obtain financing and secure other sources of funding in the future 
on terms favorable to us, and (ii) decrease in the value of our assets that are deemed to be other than temporary, which may 
result in impairment losses.

We face risks relating to our global operations.

We sell our offerings throughout the world and intend to continue to increase our penetration of international markets. 
Our future results could be materially adversely affected by a variety of factors relating to international transactions, including:

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governmental  controls  and  regulations,  including  import  or  export  license  requirements,  trade  protection 
measures, sanctions, telecommunication authorization and licenses and changes in tariffs;

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compliance with applicable international and local laws, regulations and practices, including those related to 
trade  compliance,  anticorruption,  data  privacy  and  protection,  tax,  labor,  employee  benefits,  customs, 
currency restrictions and other requirements;

fluctuations in currency exchange rates;

longer payment cycles in certain countries in our geographic areas of operations;

potential adverse tax consequences, variations in effective income tax rates and tax policies among countries 
where we conduct business, including the complexities of foreign value added tax systems;

political  instability,  armed  conflicts,  terrorism  and  security  concerns,  including  instability    and  disruption 
resulting from the war in Israel and related conflicts in the Middle East and restrictions related to the conflict 
between Russia and Ukraine;

reduced or limited protection for intellectual property rights in some countries; and

general difficulties in managing our global operations.

Geopolitical  risks,  including  those  arising  from  political  tension,  terrorist  activity  or  acts  of  civil  or  international 
hostility, are increasing. Conflicts, including the war in Israel and related conflicts in the Middle East and the conflict between 
Russia  and Ukraine, could result in geopolitical instability and adversely affect the global economy or specific markets.  The 
intensity and duration of these conflicts are difficult to predict. 

Changes  in  the  political  or  economic  environments,  credit  rating  and  the  availability  and  cost  of  capital  in  the 
countries in which we operate, especially in Israel and the U.S., including the impact of such changes on foreign currency rates 
and interest rates, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow.

As a result of our global presence, especially in emerging markets, we face increasing challenges that could adversely 
impact our results of operations, reputation and business.

In  light  of  our  global  presence,  especially  in  emerging  markets  such  as  those  in  Asia,  Eastern  Europe  and  Latin 
America,  we  face  a  number  of  challenges  in  certain  jurisdictions  that  provide  reduced  legal  protection,  including  poor 
protection of intellectual property, inadequate protection against crime (including bribery, corruption and fraud) and breaches 
of local laws or regulations, unstable governments and economies, governmental actions that may inhibit the flow of goods 
and  currency,  challenges  relating  to  competition  from  companies  that  already  have  a  local  presence  in  such  markets  and 
difficulties in recruiting sufficient personnel with appropriate skills and experience.

Local  business  practices  in  jurisdictions  in  which  we  operate,  and  particularly  in  emerging  markets,  may  be 
inconsistent  with  international  regulatory  requirements,  such  as  anti-corruption  and  anti-bribery  laws  and  regulations 
(including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the U.K. Bribery Act) to which we are subject. Although we implement 
policies  and  procedures  designed  to  ensure  compliance  with  these  laws,  we  cannot  guarantee  that  none  of  our  employees, 
contractors, partners and agents, as well as those companies to which we outsource certain of our business operations, will not 
violate our policies or applicable law. Any such violation could have an adverse effect on our business and reputation and may 
expose us to criminal or civil enforcement actions, including penalties and fines.

Furthermore, the increased presence of our global operations in emerging markets, including outsourcing of certain 
operations  to  service  providers  in  such  markets  (such  as  India  and  the  Philippines),  could  impact  the  control  over  our 
operations,  as  well  as  create  dependency  on  such  external  service  providers.  This  method  of  operation  may  impact  our 
business and adversely affect our results of operation.

Our  business,  facilities  or  operations  could  be  adversely  affected  by  events  outside  of  our  control,  such  as  natural 
disasters or health epidemics.

Natural disasters or other unexpected events that adversely affect the business climate in any of our markets could 
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our business operations may be 
subject  to  a  disruption  or  failure  of  our  systems  or  operations  because  of  a  natural  disaster,  such  as  a  major  earthquake, 
weather  event,  fire,  power  shortages,  telecommunications  failures,  pandemics  and  epidemics,  cyberattack,  terrorist  attack  or 

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other  catastrophic  event  or  event  beyond  our  control,  which  could  cause  delays  in  completing  sales,  providing  services,  or 
performing other critical functions. Although we maintain disaster recovery and business continuity plans, such events could 
make it difficult or impossible for us to deliver our products and services to our customers, and could decrease the demand for 
our offerings.

The occurrence of regional epidemics or a global pandemic, such as COVID-19, may adversely affect our operations, 
financial condition, and results of operations. The extent to which global pandemics impact our business going forward will 
depend on factors such as the duration and scope of the pandemic; governmental, business, and individuals' actions in response 
to the pandemic; and the impact on economic activity, including the possibility of recession or financial market instability.

We depend on our ability to recruit and retain qualified personnel.

In order to compete, we must recruit and retain executives and other key employees. Hiring and retaining qualified 

executives and other key employees is critical to our business, and competition for highly qualified and experienced managers 
in our industry is intense. There is no guarantee that key management members will not leave the Company, or if they do, that 
we will be able to identify and hire qualified replacements, or that the transition of new personnel will not cause disruption in 
our business.

In  addition,  due  to  our  growth,  or  as  a  result  of  regular  recruitment,  we  will  be  required  to  hire  and  integrate  new 
employees. Recruiting and retaining qualified engineers and computer programmers to perform research and development and 
to commercialize our offerings, as well as qualified personnel to market and sell the offerings, are critical to our success.

There  is  competition  to  recruit  and  retain  highly  skilled  employees  in  the  technology  industry  due  to  market 
conditions and the millennial workforce continuing to value multiple company experiences over long tenure. As a result,  we 
may be required to offer exclusive compensation packages in order to retain and recruit certain key employees with particular 
expertise.

In  certain  locations  in  which  we  have  development  centers,  including  low-cost  countries  such  as  India,  the  rate  of 
attrition is typically higher than other locations and could have a negative impact on our ability to retain our employees in such 
centers, timely develop our products and solutions, and/or service our customers.

An inability to attract and retain highly qualified employees may have an adverse effect on our ability to develop new 
products and solutions and enhancements for our offerings and to successfully market such offerings, all of which would likely 
have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial position. Our success also depends, to a significant 
extent, upon the continued service of key management, sales, marketing and development employees, the loss of any of whom 
could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Item 4.

Information on the Company.

Item 4.A 

History and Development of the Company.

NICE was founded on September 28, 1986, as Neptune Intelligent Computer Engineering Ltd., with the vision to 
digitize unstructured data previously captured using analog means. On October 14, 1991, the Company was renamed NICE-
Systems  Ltd.,  expanding  its  mission  to  the  Customer  Service  market,  becoming  a  leading  global  provider  of  Workforce 
Optimization software applications, as well as adding solutions for the Public Safety and Justice sector. With the increased 
quantity  of  available  data  and  the  growing  need  to  generate  meaningful  business  insight,  NICE  launched  Interaction 
Analytics solutions - allowing organizations to quickly understand and operationalize their interaction data. In 2007, NICE 
acquired  Actimize,  a  leader  in  Financial  Crime  and  Compliance  analytics  solutions,  aimed  to  help  prevent  market  abuse, 
financial  fraud  and  money  laundering,  transforming  the  company  into  an  enterprise  software  analytics  leader.  Since  2014, 
NICE  has  emerged  as  a  leader  in  cloud,  analytics,  digital  and  AI  through  innovations  and  strategic  acquisitions.  In  2016, 
NICE  acquired  inContact,  a  leading  provider  of  cloud  contact  center  software  and  agent  optimization  tools,  enabling  the 
industry’s first fully integrated and complete cloud contact center solution platform. Subsequently, NICE became an industry 
leader,  helping  organizations  innovate  with  AI-powered  cloud  platforms,  designed  to  unify  all  data  and  capabilities  for 
ultimate business results. Since 2019, as consumer expectations dramatically shifted to digital CX, NICE vastly extended the 
reach  of  its  offering  with  a  series  of  acquisitions  of  leading  Digital  &  AI  Customer  Experience  solutions,  expanding  its 
business  reach  beyond  the  contact  center,  providing  organizations  with  AI-powered  digital  and  self-service  solutions  to 
address customers’ evolving needs.

On June 6, 2016, the Company was renamed NICE Ltd., which is its legal and commercial name. Today, NICE is an 
enterprise  software  leader  in  cloud,  analytics,  digital  and  AI  in  both  the  Customer  Engagement  and  Financial  Crime  and 
Compliance  markets.  We  possess  the  complete  set  of  must-have  AI  assets  necessary  to  command  our  markets:  largest 
collection  of  unique  historical  and  current  data,  most  relevant  knowledge  elements  and  unmatched  domain  expertise.  Our 
solutions help organizations of all sizes create extraordinary and trusted customer experiences, prevent financial crime, and 
improve criminal justice evidence management. 

NICE is a company limited by shares organized under the laws of the State of Israel. Our Israeli offices are located 
at 13 Zarchin Street, P.O. Box 690, Ra’anana 4310602, Israel (Tel. +972-9-775-3151). Our subsidiary, NICE Systems, Inc. 
has been appointed as our Agent for Service in the United States, and is located at 221 River Street, Hoboken, New Jersey 
07030. 

The  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  ("SEC")  maintains  an  Internet  site  that  contains  reports,  proxy  and 
information  statements,  and  other  information  that  is  filed  electronically  with  the  SEC  at  http://www.sec.gov.  Our  website 
address is at https://www.nice.com/company/investors/. Information contained, or that can be accessed through, our website 
does not constitute a part of this annual report and is not incorporated by reference herein, and we have included our website 
address in this annual report solely for informational purposes. 

Principal Capital Expenditures

In  the  last  three  fiscal  years,  our  principal  capital  expenditures  were  the  acquisition  of  other  businesses  and 
repurchases  of  our  American  Depositary  Receipts  (“ADR”).  For  information  regarding  our  acquisitions  and  ADR  share 
repurchases, please see Item 5, “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects – Recent Acquisitions,” and “Operating and 
Financial  Review  and  Prospects  –  Liquidity  and  Capital  Resources,”  in  this  annual  report.  For  additional  information 
regarding our ADR share repurchases, please also see Item 16E, “Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated 
Purchasers,” in this annual report.

Item 4.B 

Business Overview

Breakdown of Revenues

For a breakdown of total revenues by business model (cloud, products and services) and by geographic markets for 
each of the last three years, please see Item 5, “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects – Results of Operations,” in 
this annual report.

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About NICE

NICE  is  a  global  enterprise  software  leader,  providing  AI-powered  cloud  platforms  that  serve  two  main  markets: 
Customer  Engagement  and  Financial  Crime  and  Compliance.  Our  core  mission  is  to  transform  experiences  to  be 
extraordinary and trusted and create a frictionless and safe digital-first consumer reality where every interaction is intelligent, 
meaningful and effortless. Our solutions are used by organizations of all sizes and are offered in multiple delivery models, 
including cloud and on-premises. 

Our  strategy  is  based  on  serving  rapidly  expanding,  specialized  markets  that  require  feature-rich  solutions,  with 
robust,  comprehensive  cloud  platforms  that  are  spearheaded  by  AI  as  an  overarching  catalyst,  propelling  our  unique  AI-
driven vectors of growth: using AI differentiation to expand our cloud win rates, positioning AI as the bedrock for driving 
rapid expansion into digital, utilizing AI to fuel massive platform-adoption and leveraging AI as a lucrative source for new 
domain-specific use-cases.

In the Customer Engagement market, we enable organizations to transform experiences with specialized AI-powered 
solutions  aimed  at  augmenting  employee  activities  with  smart  copiloting  capabilities,  delivering  seamless  automated 
customer  self-service  using  conversational  AI,  orchestrating  journeys  across  multiple  channels  and  intents,  meeting 
consumers wherever they choose to begin their journey, providing them with the knowledge element they need, and creating 
smarter  personalized  customer  interactions.  We  help  organizations  transform  their  workforce  experience  with  AI-powered 
solutions  aimed  at  guiding  and  engaging  employees,  optimizing  operations  and  automating  processes  to  deliver  seamless 
transition  between  automated  service  and  human-assisted  interactions.  We  are  also  digitally  transforming  the  evidence 
process from police investigators and district attorneys to court and correction facilities, providing a single, streamlined view 
of the truth as the core of our Public Safety and Justice business, which is part of our Customer Engagement segment.

In  the  Financial  Crime  and  Compliance  market,  we  protect  financial  services  organizations,  with  solutions  that 
identify risks and help prevent money laundering and fraud, as well as help ensure financial markets compliance in real-time. 
With  our  holistic,  data  and  entity-centric  approach,  we  help  financial  services  organizations    address  the  new  dynamic  of 
financial crime threats, which are significantly growing in the digital era.

NICE is at the forefront of several industry technological disruptions that have greatly accelerated in the last several  
years:  the  growing  acceptance  and  adoption  of  specialized  AI-powered  solutions  combining  domain-specific  use-cases, 
Generative AI and LLMs, the adoption of cloud platforms by organizations of all sizes and verticals, the shift of consumer 
and organizational preferences towards digital-centric services and experiences, an increase in consumer cross channel, self-
service usage and the need to manage, optimize and engage a diverse workforce while retaining and attracting top talent. Our 
suite of integrated solutions, based on our unique domain expertise, enables customer service, financial crime prevention and 
criminal justice organizations to innovate and thrive with industry-leading cloud platforms that use domain-specific data and 
AI powered solutions.

We rely on multiple key assets to drive our growth:

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Our  market-leading  open  cloud  platforms  which  natively  embed  AI,  analytics  and  automation,  and  are 
purpose-built  for  our  specific  domains,  scale  up  to  any  sized  organization,  offer  a  comprehensive 
application suite for complete functionality, and are protected by a broad array of patents. 

Our  extensive  portfolio  of  applications  that  address  organizational  needs  across  all  our  areas  of  domain 
expertise.

Our  broad  array  of  proprietary  technologies  and  algorithms  in  the  domains  of  Generative  AI,  LLMs, 
automation,  analytics,  machine  learning,  speech-to-text,  natural  language  processing,  personality-based 
routing and others. Our native AI models are based on years of industry-specific data and domain expertise, 
consistently using machine learning for generating actionable insights.

Our access to vast amount of CX data, derived from billions of domain-specific interactions of all types, 
enriching our applications and enabling us to build hundreds of CX purpose-built AI models.

Our  unique  digital  capabilities  that  are  critical  for  organizations  of  all  sizes  and  across  all  industries  in 
dealing with the exponential adoption of digital in consumer preferences, banking transactions and justice 
agencies operations.

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Our  advanced  data  security  and  compliance  capabilities  that  deliver  trusted  enterprise  software  across  all 
our  markets,  including  FedRAMP  authorization  to  the  relevant  business  lines,  with  30  authorized 
applications, native PCI, supported by the most advanced SOC in the industry.

Our flexible delivery model that allows our customers to benefit from a wide range of both cloud and on-
premises solutions.

Our solutions' market coverage of all segments, from small and mid-sized businesses to large scale Fortune 
100 enterprises.

The mission critical nature of our solutions to the operations of our customers and our cloud platforms that 
are essential for enabling a scalable and sustainable work-from-anywhere environment.

Our market leadership, which makes us a well-recognized brand and creates top-of-mind awareness for our 
solutions in our areas of operation.

Our broad partner ecosystem that enables us to reach and serve a large number of customers across many 
countries.

Our loyal customer base of more than 25,000 organizations in over 150 countries, across many industries, 
including 85 of the Fortune 100 companies.

Our  strong  profitability  and  free  cash  flow  that  allows  us  to  invest  in  innovative  solutions  and  product 
development and fuels strategic acquisitions.

Our ability to quickly drive mainstream adoption for innovative solutions and new technologies and trends, 
which we introduce to the market through our direct sales force and distribution network.

Our skilled employees and domain expertise in our core markets allow us to bring our customers the right 
solutions to address key business challenges and build strong customer partnerships.

Our  customer  support  and  operations,  which  enable  our  customers  to  quickly  enjoy  the  benefits  of  our 
solutions, with multiple deployment models in the cloud or on-premises throughout the world and support 
for full value realization and customer success.

Our  outcome-oriented  white-glove  services  that  enable  our  customers  achieve  greater  efficiency,  higher 
revenue, and lower operating costs with our solutions.

Industry and Technology Trends

Following are the key cross-industry trends that we have identified as driving demand for our solutions:

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AI is disrupting businesses across all industries. AI is reshaping the way organizations are conducting 
their businesses across all functions, allowing them to increase the velocity of strategic decision-making to 
overcome  complexity.  Recent  advancements  in  AI  technology,  have  made  AI  a  strategic  imperative  for 
organizations  of  all  sizes.  Those  advancements  include  conversational  AI  that  enables  intelligent  human-
friendly communication, fully aligned with brand values and knowledge, and Generative AI that is forging 
new  frontiers  in  content  and  code  creation  while  democratizing  once  highly  specialized  skills  across  the 
organization.  AI  is  also  turbo-charging  employee  capabilities  to  amplify  skilled  labor,  and  creating 
personalized, humanized connections, infusing real-time decisioning and predictive tools.

Large Language Models are transforming interfaces and interactions, changing the way knowledge is 
accessed and used by consumers and impacting how employees conduct day to day tasks. Generative AI 
enables new use-cases helping create smart, personalized, and timely consumer and employee experiences.  

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Consumers and organizations are embracing digital transformation at an accelerated pace. To remain 
competitive, organizations need to provide digital solutions to address consumers' digital interactions and 
self-service  needs,  digital  banking  compliance  challenges,  and  digitalization  of  evidence  management. 
Digital  transformation  is  driving  a  convergence  of  siloed  systems  and  disjointed  technology  stacks, 
replacing them with a single infrastructure based on an open foundational platform that provides complete 
functionality and seamlessly integrated workflows.

Organizations of all sizes are adopting open cloud platforms as the foundation for their applications 
to allow faster innovation cycles and better business agility. In recent years, we are seeing acceleration 
in cloud transformation while organizations are moving to an agile mode of operation to enable flexibility 
and lower operational costs. 

Organizations are replacing complex, siloed legacy point solutions with cloud platforms that offer a 
complete  suite  of  applications.    An  underlying  cloud  native  platform  at  scale  as  the  foundation  for  a 
comprehensive  suite  of  integrated  applications  opens  up  opportunities  for  creating  innovative  process 
workflows  and  gain  centralized,  valuable  business  insights  from  the  efficient  sharing  of  their  own  data 
among different suite functions.

Customer Engagement trends that are driving demand for our solutions:

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Growing  demand  for  domain-specific  AI-infused  solutions  that  create  better  customer  experiences, 
while  maintaining  enterprise-grade  security  and  scalability  standards.  AI  solutions  purpose-built  for 
CX  use-cases,  while  also  incorporating  Generative  AI  technology  and  LLMs,  play  a  pivotal  role  in 
revolutionizing  the  CX  domain,  particularly  in  elevating  the  efficiency  of  customer  service  agents,  and 
delivering  smarter,  more  engaging  self-service  experiences.  By  incorporating  AI-powered  products, 
organizations empower their agents with tools that automate routine tasks, allowing them to allocate more 
time  and  attention  to  complex  customer  issues.  Generative  AI  enables  agents  and  customers  to  access 
dynamic  and  context-aware  information,  enabling  quicker  and  more  accurate  responses.  AI-driven 
intelligent conversational bots provide self-service capabilities, which improve customer experience as well 
as reduce the cost to service consumers.

Customer service organizations are looking for AI-powered solutions that automate work processes 
in  order  to  increase  efficiency  and  productivity  while  reducing  costs.  These  solutions  significantly 
reduce  the  number  of  manual  and  time-consuming  tasks  agents  and  employees  need  to  perform,  freeing 
them  to  spend  time  in  added-value  activities.  Organizations  are  looking  for  smart  ways  to  identify 
opportunities to fully automate both human-assisted and autonomous processes at scale. 

Knowledge  Management  (KM)  is  becoming  increasingly  critical  in  AI  management,  serving  as  a 
foundational  element  that  ensures  AI  systems  are  effectively  guided  and  aligned  with  an  organization's 
brand  identity  and  values.  By  integrating  KM  practices,  organizations  can  establish  robust  guardrails  for 
AI, ensuring that these technologies operate within predefined parameters that reflect the brand's ethos and 
customer  engagement  strategies.  KM  enables  organizations  to  continuously  refine  and  update  AI  models 
with  relevant,  accurate  information,  ensuring  AI  solutions  remain  responsive  to  evolving  customer  needs 
and market trends.

Increased  use  of  advanced  digital  channels,  especially  self-service,  as  first  choice  by  consumers  for 
interaction with organizations. The nature of these advanced digital channels such as chats, web, mobile 
engagement and social media applications, is different from voice and traditional digital channels due to the 
asynchronous  response  times  and  ability  to  carry  the  conversation  for  extended  periods  of  time.  
Organizations  need  to  make  sure  they  offer  seamless,  effective  and  human-like  self-service  capabilities 
leveraging  conversational  intelligent  virtual  agents  (IVAs)  that  deliver  an  integrated  and  high-quality 
experience,  while  maintaining  the  appropriate  levels  of  staffing,  quality  management  and  internal 
efficiencies. 

Organizations need to enable their employees the flexibility to work from anywhere and keep them 
highly  engaged,  while  enabling  supervisors  to  monitor  the  performance  of  their  agents.  To  do  that 
successfully, organizations are continually looking for ways to simplify daily employee activities, engage 

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and  motivate  them  to  ensure  their  productivity  and  satisfaction  is  maintained,  while  supervisors  gain 
visibility and are able to plan, evaluate, coach and drive performance, in ways that allow transparency and 
increase productivity.

Proactive (outbound) customer engagement interactions are growing relative to reactive (inbound) 
customer engagement interactions. Amid rising consumer expectations and growing economic changes, 
there exists a point of inflection when customer experience becomes proactive. This need for proactivity is 
a key element in an overarching customer engagement strategy for many organizations. AI-driven customer 
service enables organizations to proactively engage with consumers, solving issues before they occur or to 
solve basic service problems for contact centers.

CX  markets  remain  focused  on  reducing  labor  costs.  Service  organizations  are  burdened  by  soaring 
labor-driven costs, often exceeding 90% of total expenditures, and are therefore ripe for a massive shift of 
spend from labor to technology, replacing manual labor with specialized AI automation solutions.

Growing  volume  of  digital  evidence,  contained  in  multiple  disjointed  systems,  labor  intensive 
processes and staffing challenges are all impacting the ability of government agencies to deliver on 
the  promise  of  timely  justice.  Government  agencies  of  all  types  -  from  police  and  first  responders  to 
prosecutors, defense attorneys and courts - are looking to digital transformation as a way to overcome the 
challenges  of  digital  evidence  silos  and  disjointed  work  processes.  Through  digital  transformation, 
stakeholders can work smarter and more efficiently within their own agency, and effectively share digital 
evidence throughout the criminal justice system.  

With  Emergency  Communications  becoming  more  complex,  and  staff  turnover  at  an  all-time  high, 
digital transformation is becoming critical. Emergency communications managers spend much of their 
time  handling  manual,  time-consuming  tasks  related  to  daily  operations,  quality  assurance,  reporting, 
training,  development,  hiring,  staff  supervision  and  fulfilling  emergency  incident  evidence  reproduction 
requests.  Training  new  staff  to  handle  the  wide  range  of  emergency  calls  is  a  significant  cost  burden. 
Digitally transforming and automating quality assurance, incident reconstruction and performance metrics 
tracking frees up managers to spend more time engaging with and coaching staff. This  helps improve and 
retain employees, resulting in more effective emergency incident handling, higher staff retention, and lower 
turnover-related costs.

Financial Crime and Compliance trends that are driving demand for our solutions:

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Growing demand for embedded AI across all fraud, financial crime and risk management controls.  
Financial services organizations are transforming to ensure safer and more unhindered customer access to 
accounts across all channels and enable safe and secure transactions. At the forefront of these initiatives is 
the  need  to  leverage  purpose-built  advanced  AI  to  ensure  regulatory  compliance  and  provide  exceptional 
customer experiences while stopping financial fraud and preventing the laundering of illicit funds.

Generative  AI  and  LLMs  are  being  sought  out  and  tested  to  streamline  and  further  automate 
financial  crime  investigation  processes  and  tasks  where  it  may  not  be  necessary  to  have  as  much 
human involvement. This frees up investigators from low value, high volume manual tasks so that they 
may better focus on more important and strategic work. This leads to better resource utilization, increased 
accuracy and productivity, and improved return on investment. 

Preventing 
financial  crime  and  ensuring  stringent  compliance  with  evolving  regulatory 
environments. Regulatory scrutiny of financial institutions continues to apply pressure on organizations to 
adopt  more  advanced  regulatory  compliance  and  risk  management  technology.  Furthermore,  regulators 
have  been  expanding  their  focus  from  the  largest  financial  institutions  to  a  broader  market,  including 
smaller  banks  and  alternative  financial  service  providers,  and  are  creating  increased  demand  for  risk  and 
compliance related solutions.

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An  unpredictable  threat  landscape  environment.  The  growing  number  of  data  breaches  and  cyber 
security incidents put increasing amounts of personally identifiable information and sensitive data at risk of 
exposure. This information can be used to open accounts that can be used for laundering money, terrorist 
financing,  account  fraud,  market  manipulation,  social  engineering,  and  more.  In  addition,  the  surge  in 
consumer  scams  that  lead  to  account  takeover  and  authorized  fraud  threaten  an  organization’s  reputation 
and  their  customer  satisfaction,  as  well  as  create  large  financial  exposures  due  to  both  losses  as  well  as 
fines. In addition, the large volumes of data, related to both internal and external threats, place an enormous 
operational  burden  on  organizations.  Financial  institutions  are  seeking  advanced  AI  solutions  to  help 
address these threats, and ultimately protect their firm and their customers. 

An  increasing  need  to  control  cost  of  compliance.  The  regulatory  pressures  and  increasing  threat 
landscape  have  driven  an  increase  in  the  number  of  risk  and  compliance  personnel,  which  in  turn  has 
dramatically  increased  the  cost  of  compliance.  Organizations  are  turning  to  technology  to  allow  them  to 
help control these costs without compromising their compliance adherence while continuing to lower their 
exposure to financial crime.

Financial institutions seek a single AI platform that aggregates and analyzes financial crime-related 
risk in one place. The ever-expanding risk landscape and sophistication of financial criminals, as well as 
the  need  to  keep  costs  in  check,  creates  a  growing  need  for  a  single  view  of  different  detection  signals 
throughout the financial services organization. A single platform allows financial services organizations to 
analyze the data, act on it and present it in one dashboard to both operations and executives.

Financial institutions are adopting cloud platforms for financial crime and compliance solutions. Top 
tier financial institutions have been slow to adopt cloud delivery driven by the sensitive nature of their data, 
but are now realizing the value of the cloud, and are increasingly choosing to deploy solutions on their own 
private cloud or on public cloud infrastructure.

AI and Machine learning is being adopted in the fight against financial crime. Traditional methods of 
financial  crime  detection,  such  as  rule-based  systems,  are  limited  in  their  ability  to  adapt  and  detect  new 
types of financial crime or changes in criminal behavior and patterns. AI and Machine learning algorithms 
can  be  trained  on  historical  data  and  continue  to  improve  their  performance  as  they  encounter  new 
behaviors. This enables them to detect patterns and anomalies that may be indicative of financial crime.

Financial  institutions  are  being  disrupted  by  digital  players  providing  improved  experiences  and 
more  personalized  products  and  services.  Banking  services  and  many  other  financial  service 
organizations are being challenged by neo-banks, fintech companies and other digital players. To improve 
customer  experiences,  and  compete  against  these  digital  players,  financial  institutions  continue  to  invest 
heavily in digital capabilities. Consumers have increased expectations for faster and frictionless processes. 
In  terms  of  risk,  digital  banking  moves  the  consumer  away  from  the  branch  creating  new  risks  around 
identity verification, customer due diligence and general monitoring of consumer financial behavior. The 
expectations for fast response times drive financial institutions to re-design their compliance processes to 
be  able  to  respond  in  minutes  rather  than  days  or  weeks,  which  in  turn  requires  broader  adoption  of  AI 
across the customer lifecycle.

Strategy

Our long-term strategy is to further broaden our industry leadership in both the Customer Engagement and Financial 
Crime and Compliance market segments using NICE’s unique domain-specific AI capabilities and our foundational platform, 
applications and data assets. 

We continue to lead fast-growing vast markets that also manifest unique favorable attributes: they require constant 
problem  solving  that  typically  transcends  economic  fluctuations;  they  present  complex  challenges  that  require  feature-rich 
solutions, preventing commoditization and giving rise to high barriers of entry that keep potential competitors at bay; they 
provide an abundance of opportunities fueled by the distinctive lag of technology adoption; and they are burdened by soaring 
labor-driven costs, often exceeding 90% of total expenditures, ripe for the massive shift of spend from labor to automation.  

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NICE is well-positioned across all markets, given our unique set of assets: we are categorically recognized as one of 
the top leaders in every market we operate in; we offer complete, robust and dominant platforms; we deliver a wide-ranging 
portfolio; we own the most critical data elements that form the foundation for AI; and we established wide-reaching global 
ecosystem. On top of it all, we are a highly profitable company, with strong balance sheet, acting as a springboard for our 
organic and inorganic growth.

In the Customer Engagement business, we intend to continue to leverage CXone to further grow our leadership in 
the CX market. We plan to achieve this through strategic AI-powered product launches fueled by organic developments and 
acquisitions.  Furthermore,  we  intend  to  continue  to  evolve  as  the  global  leader  in  all  major  markets  and  segments  for 
managing customer service interactions – hold the largest market share for CCaaS and WEM solutions; provide a significant 
share  of  next  gen  digital  engagements;  be  the  most  adopted  self-service  conversational  AI  provider  in  the  CX  market, 
providing  purpose-built  AI  for  CX  solutions;  become  the  leading  provider  of  AI  copilot  capabilities  for  augmenting  CX 
employees at all levels, offer the most extensive customer-experience marketplace platform and data; and continue to expand 
into international markets in both the high-end and the mid to low end of the markets we serve. In Public Safety and Justice, 
we intend to cement and increase our leadership in the digital transformation of the US Justice System, becoming the de facto 
platform  for  workflow  management  across  the  Criminal  Justice  system.  We  will  do  so  by  leveraging  our  Evidencentral 
platform for handling massive amount of digital evidence and cases with streamlined workflows; using AI to further uncover 
insights  and  automate  Justice  processes;  and  delivering  effective  justice  from  the  overwhelming  amounts  of  evidence  for 
every stakeholder in the Criminal Justice eco-system.  

In our Financial Crime and Compliance business, we intend to expand to be the largest and leading cloud provider of 
financial  crime  and  compliance  solutions  in  all  segments  and  across  all  major  markets  –  further  embedding  AI  across  our 
portfolio  while  leveraging  the  X-Sight  platform  to  cloudify  the  high  end  of  the  market;  enhancing  Xceed  to  be  the  cloud 
platform of choice in the mid-market; leveraging our unparalleled collective intelligence to provide a more holistic view of 
digital identity risk; and better monetizing data, based on advanced AI capabilities.

Leading our markets with domain-specific AI solutions

We intend to continue augmenting our AI leadership across all our markets, as AI establishes itself an overarching 

catalyst, propelling NICE’s four vectors of AI growth strategy:

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AI  fuels  our  cloud  win  rate  -  We  are  witnessing  an  enterprise  cloud  inflection  point,  where  the  lion’s 
share  of  large-scale  cloud  transitions  is  about  to  take  place.  AI  is  enhancing  our  differentiation, 
substantially expanding our cloud win rates and displacements.  

AI  as  the  bedrock  of  rapid  expansion  into  digital  -  NICE's  digital  solutions  encompass  the  range  of 
digital  channels.  AI  is  a  strong  contributing  factor  for  migration  from  legacy  digital  vendors  to  NICE, 
contributing to the growth in volume of digital engagements managed by our platforms.

AI  fusion  powers  our  platform  adoption  –  Enterprises  are  pivoting  from  multiple  point  solutions  to 
building and simplifying their tech stack by standardizing on a single platform. This trend is now gaining a 
significant boost because it is the only viable way to implement AI that works and requires well designed 
AI-embedded platforms that were built with specific domains and use-cases in mind.

AI as endless source for lucrative new use-cases – Organizations are coming to a clear realization that 
generic Generative AI and LLM solutions are not providing the expected results. NICE’s specialized AI, 
with its thousands of constantly evolving and expanding models, based on billions of interactions, is fast 
becoming a true viable option for addressing the complex use-cases of our markets.

Empowering organizations to lead by adapting to change

We intend to continue leading the market by leveraging several major industry trends and evolving our offering to 

meet our customers’ current and future needs while focusing on key strategic pillars:  

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Cloud Foundation – we provide cloud-native open platforms for our Customer Engagement and Financial 
Crime and Compliance offerings. This allows our customers to facilitate adoption of cloud infrastructure to 
accelerate innovation and reduce integration, implementation and operational efforts.

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Complete Platform Suite – across all markets, we provide one of the industry’s most comprehensive set of 
integrated,  scalable,  world  class  applications.  Our  ability  to  provide  our  customers  with  a  full  range  of 
capabilities, for organizations of various sizes that can provide for their various needs using a single vendor 
unified  suite,  gives  us  a  strong  market  differentiation  in  today’s  drive  for  simplicity,  cost  savings  and 
elimination of legacy silos.

Digital Engagement - we enable organizations to deliver experiences in every possible digital way across 
the  full  customer  journey,  keeping  them  engaged  and  informed,  leveraging  smart  self-service, 
conversational AI and knowledge across multiple channels to solve for service needs, as well as providing 
secure  digital  banking,  and  helping  public  safety  organizations  shift  to  digital  interaction  and  digital 
evidence environments.

AI – we accelerate business transformation with purpose-built AI-embedded natively across our platforms, 
making our applications and business processes smarter. Our domain expertise, proprietary data, advanced 
technology, and pre-built AI models create industry-leading solutions for all our market segments. 

Large Language Models and Generative AI – we leverage LLMs and Generative AI to help consumers 
and  employees  access  knowledge  and  interact  with  each  other  effortlessly  and  safely,  while  improving 
employee productivity and customer experience. 

Data - recognizing the power of data, we consider data as a key component and a strategic asset across our 
portfolio and leverage it as a basis for our purpose-built AI solutions. We manage our customer data with 
security and compliance measures while leveraging it to equip our customers with a data-driven approach 
to manage their business, reduce cost, improve performance and identify customer insights.

Strengthening our market leadership

Our  brand,  global  reach,  financial  resources,  extensive  domain  expertise  and  ability  to  deliver  a  wide  array  of 

solutions for large, as well as small and mid-sized organizations, will further anchor our market-leading position.

We  plan  to  continue  to  develop  our  open  cloud  platforms  and  advanced  purpose-built  AI  capabilities  for  the 
Customer  Engagement  and  Financial  Crime  and  Compliance  markets  to  enable  unified  integrated  solutions  that  offer  fast 
innovation and quick time to value. These platforms allow us to deepen our direct relationships with our customers, nurture 
our  partner  ecosystem  and  create  new  growth  opportunities.  AI  serves  as  a  strong  differentiator  and  catalyst  for  cloud 
migration and our platform adoption.

In our Customer Engagement business, we intend to continue being a leader in the CCaaS market with CXone, one 
of the industry's most comprehensive suite of integrated, scalable, world-class CX applications with embedded purpose-built 
AI delivered on a single open cloud platform. CXone enables rapid innovation, agility and scalability, and continue to extend 
our offering around the goal of providing high-quality, proactive, personalized experiences for consumers, organizations and 
service  agents  based  on  our  leading  cloud  native  CX  platform,  CXone,  digital  capabilities  and  NICE  Enlighten  AI,  our 
purpose-built AI for the customer engagement market. With CXone, organizations can meet their customers wherever they 
choose to begin their journeys, and provide the right attended or unattended service, based on their profile, preferences and 
needs.  This  includes  a  broad  suite  of  digital,  analytics  and  purpose-built  AI-powered  integrated  applications,  used  for 
understanding  consumers,  employees  and  business  needs  and  preferences,  and  leveraging  that  information  to  create 
orchestrated journeys that cover every interaction. We intend to continue enhancing our NICE Enlighten AI solutions with 
the  latest  advancements  in  LLM,  incorporating  Generative  AI  capabilities  to  deliver  purpose-built  copilot,  self-service  and 
management capabilities. Alongside our existing offering, we plan to lead in new product categories, as we introduce novel 
solutions and enter additional market segments.

We  will  continue  to  extend  our  leading  market  position  for  AI-powered  cloud  solutions,  aimed  for  providing 
frictionless  experiences  in  and  outside  the  contact  center,  catering  to  organizations  of  all  sizes  and  replacing  legacy  on-
premises  infrastructure  players.  We  will  also  continue  to  enable  our  customers  to  extend  our  solutions  through  innovative 
third-party  applications  via  our  DEVone  dedicated  partner  ecosystem  that  our  customers  can  self-select  through  our 
platform’s CXexchange application marketplace. 

Our Evidencentral cloud digital evidence management platform enables public safety, law enforcement and criminal 
justice  agencies  to  transform  to  unified  digital  evidence  workflows  by  managing  incident  response,  investigation  and 
prosecution  digitally  and  embedding  analytics  and  AI  throughout  the  entire  criminal  justice  process,  enabling  agencies  to 

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leverage  data  to  the  fullest  and  work  together  collaboratively  to  enhance  public  safety  and  deliver  faster,  fairer  justice 
processes.

In our Financial Crime and Compliance business, we will continue to expand our offerings across market segments 
by  providing  new  and  enhanced  solutions  that  protect  financial  services  organizations  and  their  customers  earlier  in  the 
customer  lifecycle  and  by  further  embedding  AI  across  our  portfolio  of  solutions.  With  our  X-Sight  cloud  platform,  we 
provide  open,  scalable  and  flexible  solutions  with  broad  financial  crime  and  compliance  coverage  to  the  top  tier  of  the 
market.  Continued  innovations  on  X-Sight  will  further  cement  our  leading  market  position.  With  our  Xceed  platform,  we 
provide  packaged  anti-money  laundering  (AML)  and  fraud  coverage  solutions  to  the  mid-market,  enabling  smaller 
organizations  to  realize  greater  protection  with  quick  time  to  value.  In  the  Financial  Crime  and  Compliance  business,  our 
solutions are infused with Always on AI, our multi-layered approach that injects AI, machine learning, automation, natural 
language  processing,  LLMs,  and  other  advanced  technologies  throughout  the  financial  crime  and  compliance  value  chain. 
This allows financial services organizations to merge innovative and patented technologies to effortlessly connect data and 
apply AI to turn raw data into financial crime intelligence that fuels analytic precision to detect and prevent financial crimes. 
These offerings enable us to add value to our existing customers, as well as expand our reach and open-up new opportunities, 
considerably increasing our total addressable market.

Helping our on-premises customers and new customers migrate to the cloud

Our leading cloud platforms and domain expertise, along with our flexible migration models, enable our customers 

to adopt cloud solutions and migrate to the cloud at the pace that matches their needs and preferences.

To support all of our customers and the different pace of their cloud migrations, we intend to continue offering our 

solutions in a variety of delivery models, which enable us to be flexible in effectively addressing our customers’ needs. 

We are the trusted advisor for our on-premises customers as we support their migration from legacy infrastructure to  
the cloud.  We provide deep cloud expertise and migration tools to simplify configuration, reporting and data collection from 
legacy systems. Further, we offer holistic transformation consulting services, provided exclusively by our skilled employees, 
delivering a smooth transition for our customers. 

Continuing to cross-sell and upsell our full solutions portfolio to our existing customer base 

One of our main assets is our growing customer base. We believe there are many opportunities to expand, up-sell 
and cross-sell within our existing cloud customer base. This includes increasing our customers’ exposure to the full breadth 
of our portfolio. We continue to provide our customers with new benefits by expanding the offering they already use, and 
adding new products and solutions.

Continuing organic innovation and development, while also pursuing acquisitions

We intend to continue investing in innovation across our portfolio and platforms and augment our organic growth 
with additional acquisitions that will broaden our product and technology portfolio, expand our presence in selected verticals, 
adjacent markets and geographic areas, broaden our customer base, and increase our distribution channels.

Maximizing the synergies across our businesses

At  NICE,  we  value  and  promote  a  synergetic  approach  to  our  platforms  and  solutions  (e.g.,  sharing  information, 
knowhow, and design practices in transitioning to native cloud platforms across Customer Engagement and Financial Crime 
and  Compliance).  We  will  continue  leveraging  our  solutions'  common  cloud  architectures  as  well  as  methodologies  of 
capturing and analyzing massive amounts of structured and unstructured data, providing real-time insight and driving process 
automation. Maximizing these synergies and cooperation between our business areas is a key pillar of our corporate strategy.

We have several joint offerings across our business segments and combined go-to-market efforts. We will continue 
leveraging our extensive complementary domain expertise, technological know-how, capabilities and development, in order 
to grow our business through additional cross-sell and up-sell opportunities.

Increasing our footprint in select geographical regions

As part of our growth strategy, we are expanding our business in select regions globally, where we can further grow 
and  establish  our  presence  in  less  penetrated,  growing  markets.  We  are  doing  this  by  leveraging  our  existing  offering  and 

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growing  partner  ecosystem,  in  both  the  Customer  Engagement  business  as  well  as  the  Financial  Crime  and  Compliance 
business. We continue to expand our international partner network. 

Expanding our global partnerships 

As part of our growth strategy, we are investing in expanding relationships with global go to market partners that we 
believe can accelerate our growth while ensuring the success of our customers.  In addition, as part of our open platforms, we 
are  enabling  the  success  of  our  technology  partners  who  complement  our  product  offerings  to  bring  unique  value  to  our 
customers.

Customer Engagement Business Strategy

Our strategy is to continue serving as a leader in the Customer Engagement market and expand our reach beyond the 

boundaries of the contact center by fundamentally reinventing the way consumers interact with organizations in today's 
digital era. We are driving a new customer experience standard by intelligently meeting customers wherever they choose to 
begin their journey, enabling resolution through generative purpose-built AI and data-driven self-service and providing 
agents with knowledge and tools to successfully resolve any need in real-time. We intend to achieve this by:

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Infusing AI, analytics and automation into every element of our Customer Engagement offerings to enable 
predictive  and  proactive  service,  workforce  augmentation  and  automation.  We  leverage  insights  from  an   
extensive  number  of  interactions,  with  hundreds  of  purpose-built  CX  AI  models  to  create  frictionless 
customer experiences that are smarter and faster.

Enabling  our  customers  to  deploy  AI-driven  intelligent  conversational  bots,  to  provide  self-service  and 
assisted  service  capabilities,  which  improve  customer  experience  as  well  as  reduce  the  cost  to  service 
consumers.

Providing  agents  with  unique  unified  and  native  capabilities  including  digital  collaboration,  agent 
assistants,  AI-powered  copiloting  capabilities,  real-time  guidance,  to  assist  agents,  using  conversational 
context and knowledge-based information.

Empowering  our  customers  to  anticipate  business  demands  with  smarter,  AI-based  forecasting  and 
scheduling tools, and providing their workforce with AI- enhanced training and analytics tools to help them 
gain  the  accountability,  transparency  and  flexibility  they  need  around  their  performance,  as  part  of  our 
holistic WEM suite that enhances both agent engagement and customer experiences.

Offering  CXone,  the  global  leading  unified  cloud  customer  engagement  platform  that  combines  guided 
journey  orchestration  for  voice  and  digital  channels,  and  comprises  of  tightly  integrated  IVR,  advance 
digital  capabilities,  self-service,  bots,  proactive  conversational  AI  purpose-built  for  CX  use-cases, 
knowledge  management,  agent  assist  tools,  customer  journey  analytics,  leading  Workforce  Engagement 
Management and automation solutions.

Expanding  our  capabilities  to  provide  holistic  digital  and  self-service  experiences  throughout  the  entire 
customer journey, starting at the very beginning on search, apps and other digital doorsteps, and continuing 
through  self-service  and  engagement  with  the  contact  center  through  voice  or  digital  enabling  customer 
service organizations to provide a true omnichannel service experience across all touchpoints.

Leading cloud transformation across the entire Customer Engagement portfolio for all market segments and 
regions to enable rapid innovation, enhance flexibility and agility, and lower operational costs.

Offering  our  customers  the  ability  to  extend  our  solutions  through  innovative  third-party  applications 
provided  by  our  DEVone  dedicated  partner  ecosystem.  Our  customers  can  self-select  these  third-party 
applications from our platform’s CXexchange marketplace.

Increasing our presence across all verticals, regions and market segments with CXone, AI innovation and 
enhanced  data  to  help  organizations  adapt  to  today’s  complex  consumer  expectations  as  well  as  ever 
changing CX realities.

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Leveraging  our  large  customer  base  in  all  verticals  and  regions  to  generate  incremental  revenue  growth 
through up-selling and cross-selling our Customer Engagement portfolio.

Extending  our  public  safety  offering  to  the  Public  Safety  Answering  Points  (PSAP)  to  support  next 
generation digital emergency communication, ensuring compliance and enabling enhanced digital evidence 
collection and investigation.

Offering  one  of  the  industry’s  most  leading  unified  cloud-based  Digital  Evidence  Management  and 
Investigation platform, Evidencentral, that integrates and consolidates all forms of evidence information - 
data and media from police records and dispatch management systems.

Financial Crime and Compliance Business Strategy

We plan to continue extending our market leading position and our addressable market, while further supporting the 
move to the cloud by financial institutions. We also plan to leverage our capabilities to facilitate both better financial crime 
protection and to help our customers realize cost reductions. We intend to achieve this by focusing on:

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Delivering integrated Financial Crime and Compliance solutions that help financial services organizations 
identify risks faster and earlier throughout all phases of the customer lifecycle.

Expanding  our  market  reach  within  the  mid-tier  banks  and  financial  institutions  with  our  Xceed  native 
cloud and AI platform, which provides AML and Fraud solutions in a packaged SaaS offering to smaller 
organizations,  enabling  them    to  benefit  from  the  capabilities  previously  only  afforded  to  large 
organizations.

Expanding  X-Sight,  our  cloud-native  AI  platform  and  solutions  for  the  top  tiers  of  the  market  to  further 
strengthen  and  grow  our  market  leadership  position.  X-Sight  combines  data  and  analytics  agility  and 
provides  us  the  ability  to  cross-sell  solutions.  Our  cloud  platform  leverages  data,  AI,  machine  learning, 
advanced  automation,  and  other  technologies  to  help  customers  reduce  the  cost  of  operations,  while 
increasing their adherence to compliance and preventing financial crime.

Expanding  X-Sight  AI,  machine-learning  data-driven,  analytics-managed  service  or  do-it-yourself 
environment  to  help  further  optimize  analytic  models  and  develop  new  analytics  by  leveraging  insights 
across  our  broad  customer  base  and  our  market-wide  and  domain  expertise  in  fraud  prevention  and  anti-
money laundering.

Empowering  our  customers  to  increase  their  operations  teams’  productivity  by  providing  more  purpose-
built  Generative  AI  offerings  within  X-Sight  AI  and  Xceed  to  enable  faster  and  more  accurate 
investigations.

Offering  X-Sight  DataIQ,  our  orchestration  and  aggregation  engine  that  effortlessly  connects  to  multiple 
premium and public data sources, turning raw data into the data intelligence to fight financial crimes.

Expanding the X-Sight Marketplace, an ecosystem of innovative third-party partners where our customers 
can select complementary offerings to extend our platforms and products. 

Offering our solutions to verticals outside of the traditional financial services, such as technology, gaming, 
energy, insurance, industry regulators, government agencies, as well as to fintech and alternative payments 
providers.

Further expanding our footprint across international geographies and segments while continuing to cross-
sell and up-sell into our existing customer base around the world.

Expanding our sales channels with world-class systems integrators, consultancies, core banking providers, 
and other regional reseller firms to identify additional significant opportunities.

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I. Offering Overview - Customer Engagement

With the growing complexity, demand and urgency of customer service needs, the exponential usage of digital and 
the growing maturity of Generative AI capabilities, organizations are required to adapt new operating models to maintain a 
holistic relationship with their customers. These dynamics are challenging organizations to differentiate themselves through 
efficient, effective and high-quality customer experiences that are digital, including agent-assisted and self-help channels that 
are smart, secure, consistent and personalized across all touch points. In addition, organizations must find ways to generate 
business insights, better understand and predict customer intent and create smarter customer connections, as well as provide 
their  employees  with  the  flexibility  and  balance  they  seek.  Organizations  need  to  accomplish  these  objectives  while 
containing operational costs and adhering to regulations.

To fully accomplish this new era of a holistic relationship between consumers and organizations, and to be able to 
manage all interactions, channels, data and knowledge in one place, we have extended the reach of our offering with CXone 
and our advanced data and AI platform, NICE Enlighten AI, to allow organizations understand, engage and interact with their 
customers  throughout  their  entire  journey,  creating  smart,  connected,  self-service  and  human-assisted  digital  interactions, 
leveraging the power of AI. 

Our Platform and Solutions’ Core Capabilities:

Our  Cloud  Native  Open  Platform,  NICE  CXone,  is  one  of  the  industry’s  most  comprehensive  customer 
engagement  platforms,  with  best-in-class  customer  analytics,  AI  routing,  digital  engagement,  journey  orchestration, 
knowledge  management,  voice  of  the  customer,  complete  workforce  engagement  and  automation,  all  on  an  open  cloud 
foundation.  CXone  consolidates  all  communication  channels,  applications,  data  and  knowledge,  bringing  together  both 
platform  and  external  data,  to  deliver  a  full  view  of  the  customer  experience.  CXone  is  designed  to  support  any  sized 
organization,  and  encompasses  our  customer-centric  expert  services,  unique  domain  expertise  and  extensive  ecosystem  of 
partnerships,  while  meeting  the  strictest  security  and  uptime  standards.  In  today's  reality,  customer  journeys  extend  well 
beyond traditional contact center interactions, and CXone is our leading AI-powered CX platform that provides the benefits 
of  a  modern  native  cloud  architecture  and  delivers  a  complete  suite  of  customer  engagement  applications.  This  multipath 
approach  enables  organizations  to  leverage  CXone  in  many  ways,  such  as  a  complete  open  suite,  an  open  suite  integrated 
with third-party Automatic Contact Distributor (ACD) or a hybrid approach that combines native applications with existing 
premise recording and ACD systems. 

Our CX purpose-built AI, NICE Enlighten, is embedded across our entire platform and suite of applications. It uses 
our proprietary data to understand CX intents, behaviors and different types of characteristics, analyzes every interaction and 
allows proactive identification of the needs of consumers, agents and CX leaders, as well as the ability to act on them in real 
time. In addition, it incorporates LLMs as a conversational interface to humanize the experience.

On  the  consumer  side,  NICE  Enlighten  is  trained  on  extensive  conversational  data  to  understand  multi-level 
consumer intents and learn from an organization’s top-performing employee-assisted interactions to discover and deliver on 
automation opportunities for self-service and bots. 

On  the  agent  side,  NICE  Enlighten  augments  agents  in  real-time  to  reduce  friction,  keeping  them  informed  and 
prepared by surfacing knowledge at the right time and auto-composing responses, and connecting agents with consumers on a 
personal level to optimize outcomes. It redefines the quality and coaching process to be based on agents’ soft skill behaviors 
measured on all interactions.

On the Business side, NICE Enlighten identifies optimization opportunities across the platform, with access to all 

native and connected CXone applications, enabling CX leaders to act on business insights with a click of a button.

Our  Entry  Points  solutions  enable  organizations  to  build  scalable  and  effective  digital  experience  and  empower 
consumers with smart AI-based self-service that is purpose-built for CX, enabling them to address their needs in a human-
like  conversational  way.  We  allow  organizations  to  meet  their  consumers  wherever  their  journey  start,  provide  the  right 
knowledge  management  tools  to  drive  knowledge  at  any  point  of  their  journey,  starting  with  search,  and  then  proactively 
reach-out to consumers and present the most relevant offers to them based on analyzing their needs, while guiding them in 
real-time on their channel of choice through an interactive conversation.

Our  Journey  Orchestration  and  Proactive  Engagement  solutions  empower  organizations  to  connect  and  route 
their customers across their entire journey over 30 supported channels, including voice and digital, in a joint, consistent, and 
smart  way  by  combining  every  touchpoint  including  online  search,  mobile  apps  and  other  digital  doorsteps,  continuing 
through  to  self-service  and  interacting  with  the  contact  center.  Our  proactive  engagement  capabilities  enhance  the  overall 
experience  by  anticipating  needs  and  initiating  contact  before  issues  arise,  ensuring  a  seamless  and  preemptive  service 
approach. Consumers can easily and effortlessly move between channels, while maintaining the full context and a sense of a 

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single consistent journey. We create highly personalized interaction experiences by matching the most appropriate agent or 
bot to deal with the customer's request, connecting them using real time AI-based routing.  

Our Digital and Smart Self-Service solutions empower organizations to build intelligent automated conversations 
based  on  data  that  indicates  what  customers  need  and  how  they  express  these  needs  and  deliver  the  right  resolution.  Our 
smart self service allows organizations to design data-driven, personalized self-service interactions, using NICE’s purpose-
built NICE Enlighten AI experience optimization engine, to identify customer needs and automate the right conversations, 
resulting  in  fast  and  satisfying  resolutions  and  offers.  This  profound  understanding  of  consumers'  needs  also  enables 
organizations to proactively engage with their consumers to resolve their issues before they occur. We provide intelligent bots 
that are able to comprehend human conversations through a powerful conversational AI platform that learns and improves 
over time, leveraging Generative AI and LLMs.  

Our  solutions  and  tools  designed  for  Employee  Augmentation  and  automation  enable  contact  center  agents  and 
supervisors to be engaged in real-time and to be knowledgeable and prepared so they can create the most hyper-personalized, 
unique  interactions  that  increase  customer  satisfaction  and  resolve  issues  quickly.  We  ensure  employees  have  the  right 
content and context delivered to them through smart knowledge management that is available in real-time. We guide and alert 
employees  to  specific  behavioral  insights  so  they  can  take  immediate  action  to  improve  resolution,  and  increase  employee 
potential  with  a  personalized  virtual  companion  to  guide  them  through  any  type  of  service  request  and  a  set  of  tools  to 
complete mundane and manual processes for them. 

Our Workforce Engagement and Analytics solutions help capture, understand, analyze and continuously optimize 
all  elements  that  impact  customer  experiences.  We  enable  organizations  to  record  structured  and  unstructured  customer 
interaction and transaction data on any channel, in a secure and compliant way, forecast the complex staffing needs across all 
channels  including  asynchronous  digital  touch  points,  and  automate  intraday  schedules  with  an  AI-based  Workforce 
Management suite, while empowering agents with mobility and notifications to engage and maintain their desired work-life 
balance, taking into consideration their personal attributes and preferences. We drive better agent behaviors with a leading 
AI-powered Quality Management solution, to consistently measure agent soft skills and customer satisfaction indicators in 
real  time.  We  analyze  all  interactions,  across  all  channels,  to  identify  areas  for  performance  improvement,  then  turn  the 
insights  into  daily  business  processes.  We  provide  employees  with  a  comprehensive  Performance  Management  solution, 
creating a consolidated view for agent measurements, drive engagements with gamification capabilities and deliver persona-
based coaching for constant improvement. 

NICE  Evidencentral  -  Our  Digital  Evidence  Management  and  Investigation  Platform  for  public  safety 
emergency  communications,  law  enforcement  and  criminal  justice  transforms  how  digital  evidence  and  data  are  managed. 
Public  safety  and  justice  agencies  spend  precious  time  managing  digital  evidence  and  data-  collecting,  storing,  copying, 
analyzing, sharing and even physically transporting it. Evidencentral helps overcome these obstacles by breaking down data 
silos, applying analytics and workflow automation to processes, and by connecting public safety and criminal justice agencies 
together, so justice can flow smoothly, from incident to court. Evidencentral help agencies get control of digital evidence and 
data, so they can get emergency response right, be a greater force for good, ensure safer communities, and provide timelier 
justice for victims. 

II. Offering Overview - Financial Crime and Compliance 

Enabling  trusted  financial  transactions  is  critical  in  the  digital  banking  era  and  is  increasingly  challenging  for 
financial services organizations. To stay competitive, organizations are providing more digital channels and more products 
and services to acquire and retain customers, all of which need to be monitored for fraud and regulatory compliance. With 
criminals,  organized  crime  rings,  and  armies  of  cyber  bots  leveraging  AI  to  attack  digital  payments  and  banking  channels 
while also scamming individuals and corporations, preventing fraud without customer friction and detecting and predicting 
money laundering is more complex than ever.  In addition, adhering to capital markets compliance regulations by surveilling 
trades across all asset classes for market manipulation has also become more complex.

These  demands,  the  evolving  regulatory  landscape  and  market  dynamics  coupled  with  consumers’  desire  for 

frictionless digital transactions require organizations to transform and modernize their financial crime programs.

NICE Actimize provides the market-leading purpose-built AI-based cloud platforms and solutions for detecting and 
preventing  financial  crimes  and  ensuring  compliance,  with  proven  AI  capabilities  for  real-time  and  cross-channel  fraud 
prevention,  anti-money  laundering  and  capital  markets  compliance.  We  enable  financial  institutions  to  effectively  adapt  to 

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changing  threats,  provide  excellent  customer  experiences  and  grow  their  business,  all  while  protecting  their  organization, 
safeguarding their customers, and ensuring the integrity of the financial services industry.  

Our Platforms’ and Solutions’ Core Capabilities

• Our AI cloud platform for the high-end of the market, X-Sight, is an open and flexible AI-cloud platform for 
Financial  Crime  and  Compliance,  enabling  top-tier  financial  services  organizations  to  leverage  market-leading 
solutions and services that meet their sophisticated and unique needs with security, scalability and speed. X-Sight 
provides  global  customers  with  immediate  access  to  new  innovations,  removing  expensive  and  lengthy  system 
integrations and product lifecycles by leveraging the unified modern cloud architecture. We offer configuration and 
customization through APIs and available services and leverage elastic cloud computing for massive scalability, so 
the largest global financial institutions have the flexibility to configure their controls and financial crime programs to 
meet their unique needs.

• Our  AI  cloud  platform  for  the  mid-market,  Xceed,  brings  together  powerful  AI,  data  intelligence,  machine 
learning,  and  insights  for  comprehensive  AML  and  fraud  prevention  for  small  and  mid-sized  organizations.  The 
solutions  on  Xceed  provide  the  protection  that  larger  organizations  receive  but  are  packaged  and  connect  directly 
with core banking providers for smaller organizations to realize immediate value. 

•

Our  X-Sight  and  Xceed  AI  offerings  apply  advanced  AI  techniques  fueled  by  insights  we  receive  in  working 
collaboratively  with  our  large  world-class  client  base  to  provide  rich  intelligence  to  optimize  machine  learning 
prevention  and  detection  analytics  in  our  portfolio  of  solutions  as  well  use  Generative  AI  and  automation  to  cut 
down analysts time when investigating financial crimes. This allows us to provide market-leading solutions to our 
customers, addressing numerous business use cases across risk domains and coverage areas. All Financial Crime and 
Compliance solutions are infused with Always on AI, our multi-layered approach that injects AI, machine learning, 
automation,  natural  language  processing,  and  other  advanced  technologies  throughout  the  financial  crime  and 
compliance  value  chain.  This  provides  financial  services  organizations  with  innovative  and  patented  technologies 
which fuel automation and analytic precision to detect and prevent financial crimes in real-time and provides secure 
and frictionless customer experiences.

• Our cloud platforms provide financial services organizations with the agility required to quickly adapt to changing 
regulatory and threat landscapes. With machine learning, predictive analytics, and embedded AI, organizations are 
able to proactively prevent crime faster, leading to higher customer satisfaction, lower losses, and reduced risk of 
regulatory enforcement action or reputational damage. Our platforms and solutions enable organizations to have a 
more  comprehensive  understanding  of  their  customers’  activities  and  risk,  as  well  as  the  organization’s  risk 
exposure.  

• Our data intelligence solutions enable organizations to turn raw data into comprehensive actionable intelligence to 
prevent and detect financial crimes and enable better and faster decisions.  With effortless access to data and our X-
Sight  Marketplace  ecosystem  of  complementary  partner  offerings,  our  solutions  deliver  comprehensive  real-time 
intelligence to fuel analytics and enrich investigations. 

•

Our AI and Analytics innovative technologies, our deep domain expertise, and the insights we receive by working 
collaboratively and collectively with our large world-class client base provide rich intelligence to our solutions. This 
allows us to provide market leading solutions to our customers, addressing numerous business use-cases across risk 
domains  and  coverage  areas.  All  Financial  Crime  and  Compliance  solutions  are  infused  with  Always  on  AI,  our 
multi-layered  approach  that  injects  AI,  machine  learning,  automation,  natural  language  processing,  and  other 
advanced technologies throughout the financial crime and compliance value chain. This provides financial services 
organizations with innovative and patented technologies which fuel automation and analytic precision to detect and 
prevent financial crimes in real-time and provides secure and frictionless customer experiences.

• Our vast coverage of solutions enable organizations to detect market manipulations and prevent money laundering 
and  fraud  while  helping  them  adhere  to  compliance  regulations.  With  broad  coverage  for  compliance  around  
regulations and financial crime risks including account takeover, social engineering scams and many other financial 
crimes, the solutions include hundreds of out-of-the-box engineered models for current risk topologies across global 
regulatory regimes as well as emerging risk types including cryptocurrencies and cannabis-related risks to name a 
couple.  Organizations  gain  holistic  coverage  to  reduce  risk,  mitigate  losses  and  protect  their  organizations  and 
customers.

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•

•

Our intelligent investigations solutions serve hundreds of thousands of analysts and investigators across the globe 
enabling them to make better, faster decisions. The rich and robust, purpose-built solutions include out-of-the-box 
workflows and audits for the regulated industry to intelligently route alerts and cases and track all activity for quick, 
accurate and transparent investigations. With built-in automation and interactive visual displays, organizations can 
empower their teams with comprehensive intelligence to optimize efficiency.  

Our Self-Service solutions provide organizations with customization and self-development capabilities powered by 
APIs and intuitive tools for 24/7 access to smart self-service.

Strategic Alliances

We  sell  our  Customer  Engagement  and  Financial  Crime  and  Compliance  platforms  and  solutions  worldwide, 
primarily directly to customers and indirectly through selected partners to better serve our global customers. We partner with 
companies in a variety of sales channels, including service providers, system integrators, consulting firms, distributors, value-
added resellers and complimentary technology vendors. These partners form a vital network for selling and supporting our 
solutions and platforms. We have established a cross-organization business partner program to support our ever-growing eco-
system, providing a full range of tools and benefits to help promote the NICE offerings and drive mutual revenue growth and 
success.

Our  strategic  technology  partnerships  ensure  full  integration  with  the  NICE  offerings,  delivering  value  added 

capabilities that enable them to provide our customers with an improved set of solutions and services. 

  Our  DEVone  program,  comprising  more  than  200  partners,  allows  third-party  software  providers  that  bring 
complementary capabilities, to integrate with our CXone platform and extend its functionality. DEVone partner offerings are 
listed  in  our  CXexchange  Marketplace.  Our  Actimize  X-Sight  Marketplace  hosts  market  leading  vendors  in  the  AML  and 
Fraud domains that complement the Financial Crime and Compliance solution suite. 

Our  Evidencentral  Marketplace  hosts  an  expanding  ecosystem  of  technology  vendors  that  integrate  with  our 
Evidencentral  platform  to  extend  its  functionality  and  make  it  simpler  and  faster  for  Emergency  Communications,  Law 
Enforcement and Criminal Justice agencies to bring a high volume of multimedia evidence together, accelerate case building, 
unearth hidden evidence and address evidence disclosure challenges.

Professional Service and Support

The  NICE  Professional  Services  and  Support  organization  enables  our  customers  to  derive  sustainable  business 

value from our solutions.

The Professional Service and Support offerings include a variety of services - both standalone and bundled with our 
products.  We  address  all  stages  of  the  technology  lifecycle,  including  defining  requirements,  planning,  design, 
implementation, customization, optimization, proactive maintenance and ongoing support.

Enabling Value

Solution Delivery optimizes solution delivery to our customers and enables them to achieve their specific business 
and  organizational  goals,  on  time  and  on  budget.  NICE  solutions  are  delivered  by  certified  project  managers,  technical 
experts, and application specialists. We follow a proven methodology that includes business discovery to map solutions to 
business processes.

Value Realization Services (VRS) ensure quick, deep and sustained adoption of the NICE solutions. These services 
enable our customers to leverage the features and functionalities of our solutions to drive immediate and long-term results, 
aligned  to  their  specific  business  case,  accelerating  their  return  on  investment.  The  services  are  specifically  designed  to 
address  the  top  short  and  long-term  business  concerns  we  heard  through  working  with  hundreds  of  customers  across  the 
globe. VRS teams work with customers during all phases of solution implementation – before, during and after go-live. We 
begin working with customer teams as soon as the project is kicked off, when the solution goes live, and for months after the 
solution is implemented. Our experience has shown that our customers benefit greatly from access to NICE VRS resources 
once  they  begin  using  the  solution.  This  post-implementation  engagement  allows  us  to  build  skill  and  ownership  within 
customer teams, embed changes within the customer organization and determine return on investment from the solution.

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Managed  Services  empowers  organizations  to  meet  short  term  objectives,  such  as  reducing  handle  time  or 
improving sales rates, along with achieving long term goals such as customer retention. Our team of experienced practitioners 
work  with  customers,  guiding  the  process  of  collecting  interactions,  prioritizing  subjects  to  study,  conducting  analysis  and 
most importantly, developing plans that put the results of the analysis into action.

Customer  Education  Services  provide  users  with  the  necessary  knowledge  and  skills  to  operate  NICE  solutions 
and to leverage their capabilities to meet customer needs. These services are offered both before and after the deployment of 
NICE solutions.

Sustaining Value

Customer  Success  means  working  hand-in-hand  with  our  customers  to  identify  areas  where  they  can  maximize 

business value and minimize complications, ensuring continued delivery of business benefits.

Cloud  Operations  ensure  that  solutions  deployed  on  the  NICE  cloud  run  optimally  and  allow  more  simplified 
software  upgrades,  maximizing  availability,  performance  and  quality,  while  ensuring  the  security  of  customer  information. 
This is delivered by using sophisticated proprietary utilities and automations that operate in a proactive manner, providing the 
means  to  avoid  impacting  customer  and  business  operations.  This  includes:  Cloud  Architecture  teams  that  design  cloud 
service delivery and operation architectures; Cloud Security teams that help ensure that we set and meet the required Security 
certifications; Cloud Infrastructure teams that manage both virtual and physical infrastructure requirements; Cloud DevOps 
teams  that  implement  the  utilities  and  automations  while  working  with  our  product  development  teams  to  optimize  our 
solutions for the cloud environment; and the 7X24 Cloud Application Support teams that monitor and manage the solutions 
for  our  customers,  ensuring  world  class  up-time,  performance,  scalability  and  security.  The  NICE  Cloud  utilizes  multiple 
underlying  technologies  to  give  our  customers  many  paths  to  the  cloud  –  these  include  Physical  Data  Centers  and  Public 
Cloud  providers  such  as  AWS  and  Azure.  NICE  maintains  multiple  Cloud  Certifications  including  SOC  2  Type  II  – 
Applications; HITRUST; ISO:27001 and PCI.

Customer Support and Maintenance responds to customer requests for support on a 24/7 basis, using advanced 
tools  and  methodologies.  NICE  offers  flexible  service  level  agreements  to  meet  our  customers’  needs.  Our  solutions  are 
generally  sold  with  a  warranty  for  repairs  of  software  defects  or  malfunctions.  Software  maintenance  includes  an 
enhancement program with (in the majority of cases) an ongoing delivery of “like-for-like” upgrade releases, service packs 
and  hot  fixes.  NICE  also  offers  a  Technical  Account  Management  service  or  TAM.  The  TAM  is  a  designated  manager 
responsible for escalation management and overall customer care services.

Proactive  Maintenance  addresses  issues  before  they  can  significantly  impact  our  customers’  businesses.  These 

offerings include:

•

•

Advanced  Services  –  Technical  experts  perform  system-level  audits  to  ensure  ongoing  compliance  with 
operational  specifications  as  well  as  specific  product  customizations  tailored  to  the  requirements  of  the 
customer.

Application  Performance  Services  –  A  24/7  function  that  proactively  monitors  NICE-hosted  and 
customer-premises environments with triage, resolution and escalation of system alarms.

Managed  Technical  Services  (Technical  and  Operation)  –  NICE  offers  a  suite  of  managed  technical  and 
operation services that enable the customer to fully outsource all necessary responsibilities and functions required in order to 
manage  the  NICE  solutions.  This  service  includes  dedicated  onsite  and  remote  support  engineers,  system  management, 
system operation, updates and upgrades.

Information Security - we have established information security management policies and procedures to protect the 
confidentiality,  integrity,  and  availability  of  our  data  while  providing  value  to  the  way  we  conduct  our  business.  We  have 
security  measures,  internal  policies,  and  procedures  in  place  to  protect  our  customers’  information  and  ensure  that  proper 
measures  are  taken  in  connection  with  our  customers’  and  their  end  users’  information.  Additionally,  we  ensure  that 
information security controls are designed and implemented throughout our products and services development lifecycle. Our 
privacy information management policies and procedures comply with industry accepted standards, such as ISO 27001. For 
additional information on information security, please see Item 16K, “Cybersecurity“ in this annual report.

36

Manufacturing and Source of Supplies

Many  of  our  solutions  are  software-based  and  are  deployed  by  open  cloud  platform  and  standard  commercial 

servers.

There is a small portion of our products that have certain hardware elements that are based primarily on standard 
commercial  off-the-shelf  components  and  utilize  proprietary  in-house  developed  circuit  cards  and  algorithms,  digital 
processing techniques and software. These products are IT-grade compatible.

We manufacture those products that contain hardware elements through subcontractors. Our manufacturers provide 
turnkey  manufacturing  solutions  including  order  receipt,  purchasing,  manufacturing,  testing,  configuration,  inventory 
management  and  delivery  to  customers  for  all  of  our  product  lines.  NICE  exercises  various  control  mechanisms  and 
supervision  over  the  entire  production  process.  In  addition,  the  manufacturer  of  a  significant  portion  of  such  products,  is 
obligated to ensure the readiness of a back-up site in the event that the main production site is unable to operate as required. 
We believe these outsourcing agreements provide us with a number of cost advantages.

Some of the components we use have a single approved manufacturer while others have two or more alternatives for 
supply. In addition, we maintain an inventory for some of the components and subassemblies in order to limit the potential 
for interruption. We also maintain relationships directly with some of the more significant manufacturers of our components, 
and  we  believe  that  we  can  obtain  alternative  sources  of  supply  in  the  event  that  the  suppliers  are  unable  to  meet  our 
requirements in a timely manner.

We  have  qualified  for  and  received  the  ISO-9001:2015  quality  management,  as  well  as  the  ISO  27001:2013 
information  security  management,  ISO  27701:2019  privacy  management  and  ISO  14001:2015  environmental  management 
certifications.

Research and Development

We  believe  that  the  development  of  new  products  and  solutions  and  the  enhancement  of  existing  products  and 
solutions are essential to our future success. Therefore, we intend to continue to devote substantial resources to research and 
new product and service development, and to continuously improve our systems and design processes in order to reduce the 
cost of our products and services. We conduct our research and development activities primarily in Israel, India and the U.S. 
Our research and development efforts have been financed through our internal funds and through some programs sponsored 
through the government of Israel.

We  participate  in  programs  funded  by  the  IIA  to  develop  generic  technology  relevant  to  the  development  of  our 
products.  Such  programs  are  approved  pursuant  to  the  Law  for  the  Encouragement  of  Research,  Development  and 
Technological Innovation in Industry 5744-1984 (the “Research and Development Law”), and the regulations promulgated 
thereunder.  We  were  eligible  to  receive  grants  constituting  between  30%  and  55%  of  certain  research  and  development 
expenses relating to these programs. Some of these programs were approved as programs for companies with large research 
and  development  activities  and  some  of  these  programs  are  in  the  form  of  membership  in  certain  Magnet  consortiums. 
Accordingly, the grants under these programs are not required to be repaid by way of royalties. However, the restrictions of 
the Research and Development Law described below apply to these programs.

The Research and Development Law generally requires that the product incorporating know-how developed under 
an  IIA-funded  program  be  manufactured  in  Israel.  However,  upon  the  approval  of  the  IIA  (or  notification  in  the  event  set 
forth below, as the case may be), some of the manufacturing volume may be performed outside of Israel, provided that the 
grant  recipient  pays  royalties  at  an  increased  rate,  which  may  be  substantial,  and  the  aggregate  repayment  amount  is 
increased).  Following  notification  to  the  IIA  (and  provided  the  IIA  did  not  object),  up  to  10%  of  the  grant  recipient’s 
approved Israeli manufacturing volume, measured on an aggregate basis, may be transferred out of Israel, subject to payment 
of the increased royalties referenced above.

The Research and Development Law also provides that know-how (or rights thereto) developed under an approved 
research and development program may not be transferred or pledged to third parties without the approval of the IIA. Such 
approval is not required for the sale or export of any products resulting from such research or development. The IIA, under 
special circumstances, may approve the transfer of IIA-funded know-how outside Israel, including, in the event of a sale of 
the know-how, provided that the grant recipient pays to the IIA a portion of the sale price, which portion will not exceed six 

37

times  the  amount  of  the  grants  received  plus  interest  (or  three  times  the  amount  of  the  grant  received  plus  interest,  in  the 
event that the recipient of the know-how has committed to retain the R&D activities of the grant recipient in Israel after the 
transfer). 

Intellectual Property

We  currently  rely  on  a  combination  of  trade  secret,  patent,  copyright  and  trademark  law,  together  with  non-

disclosure and non-compete agreements, to establish and/or protect the technology used in our systems.

We  currently  hold  529  U.S.  patents  and  40  patents  issued  in  additional  countries  covering  substantially  the  same 
technology as the U.S. patents. We have 206 patent applications pending in the United States and other countries. We believe 
that the improvement of existing products and the development of new products are important in establishing and maintaining 
a competitive advantage. We believe that the value of our products is dependent upon our proprietary software and hardware 
continuing to be “trade secrets” or subject to copyright or patent protection. We generally enter into non-disclosure and non-
compete  agreements  with  our  employees  and  subcontractors.  However,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  such  measures  will 
protect our technology, or that others will not develop a similar technology or use technology in products competitive with 
those offered by us. In most of the areas in which we operate, third parties also have patents which could be found applicable 
to our technology and products. Such third parties may include competitors, as well as large companies, which invest millions 
of dollars in their patent portfolios, regardless of their actual field of business. Although we believe that our products do not 
infringe upon the proprietary rights of third parties, there can be no assurance that one or more third parties will not make a 
claim or that we will be successful in defending such claim.

In  addition,  to  the  extent  we  are  not  successful  in  defending  such  claims,  we  may  be  subject  to  injunctions  with 
respect to the use or sale of certain of our products or to liabilities for damages and may be required to obtain licenses which 
may not be available on reasonable terms.

We  own  the  following  trademarks  and/or  registered  trademarks  in  different  countries:  Actimize,  Actimize  logo, 
NICE  Adaptive  WFO,  NICE  WFM,  NICE  Voice  of  the  Customer,  NICE  Work  Force  Management,  NICE  Incentive 
Compensation,  NICE  Real  Time  Solutions,  NICE  Trading  Recording,  NICE  Uptivity,  NICE  Air,  NICE  Communication 
Surveillance,  Customer  Engagement  Analytics,  Decisive  Moment,  Fizzback,  IEX,  inContact,  inContact  Logo,  NICE 
inContact,  Last  Message  Replay,  NICE,  NICE  Analyzer,  NICE  Engage,  NICE  Engage  Platform,  NICE  Interaction 
Management, NICE Sentinel, NICE Inform, NICE Inform Lite, NICE Performance Compliance, NICE Inform Media Player, 
NICE Inform Verify, NICE Logo, NICE Incentive Compensation Management, NICE Real Time Solutions, NICE Trading 
Recording, NICE Proactive Compliance, NICE Security Recording, NICE SmartCenter, NICE,  Nexidia, Nexidia ((!)) Logo, 
Nexidia  Interaction  Analytics,  Nexidia  Advanced  Interaction  Analytics,  Nexidia  Search  Grid,  Neural  Phonetic  Speech 
Analytics,  Own  the  Decisive  Moment,  Scenario  Replay,  Syfact,  Syfact  Investigator,  inContact  Cloud  Center  Solutions, 
Supervisor  on-the-go,  VAAS,  Voice  as  a  Service,  Personal  Connection,  InTouch,  Echo,  inCloud,  CXone,  CXone  Logo, 
NICE  inContact  CXone,  NICE  Performance  Management,  inContact  Automatic  Contact  Distributor,  inContact  Personal 
Connection,  inContact  Interactive  Voice  Response,  inContact  Work  Force  Management,  Mattersight,  Mattersight  Logo, 
Mattersight  See  What  Matters,  Chemistry  of  Conversation,  Net  Promoter,  Satmetrix,  NPX,  NPS,  Fraudmap,  Guardian 
Analytics, Evidence Lake, Alacra, Free your business, Resolve, Brand Embassy and Hiperos, ContactEngine, ContactEngine 
Logo, GoMoxie, FluenCX, TRUTH DEPENDS ON IT, MindTouch, NICE ElevateAI, ElevateAI and the NICE Smile design 
logo, StatsViewer, ScheduleViewer, VoApps, Directdrop voicemail and Directdrop voicemail logo, LiveVox, LiveVox Logo, 
Human Call Initiator, HCI and HTI.

Seasonality

In previous years the majority of our business operated under an on-premises enterprise software model, which was 
characterized, in part, by uneven business cycles throughout the year, with a significant portion of customer orders received 
in the fourth quarter of each calendar year. This was due primarily to year-end capital purchases by customers and holiday 
season spending. In recent years, our business has been shifting more and more to the cloud, which is characterized by more 
evenly  distributed  business,  which  balances  the  impact  of  being  heavily  weighted  towards  the  fourth  quarter.  While  the 
seasonality associated with our cloud business is less impactful, we continue to have a second half fiscal year which typically 
results  in  higher  usage  of  our  solutions  stemming  primarily  from  the  retail  and  insurance  verticals.  While  seasonal  factors 
such as these are common in the software and technology industry, this pattern should not be considered a reliable indicator 
of  our  future  revenue  or  financial  performance.  Many  other  factors,  including  general  economic  conditions,  also  have  an 
impact on our business and financial results. See “Risk Factors” under Item 3, “Key Information” of this annual report for a 
more detailed discussion of factors which may affect our business and financial results.

38

Regulation

Data Privacy, Cyber-Related Security and AI

We are subject to applicable data privacy and cyber-related security restrictions in countries in which our customers 
and their end-users are located, including the United States, Israel and the E.U., mostly in relation to our SaaS, hosting and 
cloud  offering,  as  well  as  other  outsourced  services.  With  heightened  privacy  concerns  and  regulations,  failure  to  comply 
with the applicable legislation, procedures and security measures may result in significant financial penalties. In addition, as 
the regulatory landscape continues to evolve, new laws, rules and regulations governing the use of AI technologies may also 
apply.  For  more  information  on  data  privacy  and  cyber  security  related  concerns  and  legislation,  including  the  GDPR  and 
upcoming regulations governing AI, see also Item 3, "Key Information - Risk Factors" in this annual report.

We are also subject to domestic data privacy laws, such as the Israeli Privacy Law, the CCPA, CPRA and the United 
Kingdom Data Protection Act 2018. We are evaluating the business impact of compliance with the constantly changing data 
privacy  laws  and  regulations,  which  may  include  domestic  laws,  regulations  and  guidelines  that  may  come  into  effect  in 
additional regions as well, and apply to our products and services.

As part of our effort to comply with such regulations and mitigate any future risks related to data privacy and cyber-
security, we have adopted certain internal policies and procedures related to information security and incident response, as 
well  as  Business  Continuity  Plans,  Risk  Assessment  Procedures  and  Vendor  Management  Policies.  These  internal  policies 
and procedures are intended to address our business and operational practices as well as our customers' information security 
concerns, and to avoid or mitigate the risks associated with our information assets and those of our customers. In addition, we 
received  the  ISO  27001:2013  information  security  management  certification,  ISO  27701:2019  privacy  management  and 
SOC2  Type  II,  PCI,  Hitrust  and  FedRamp  certifications  were  provided  to  the  relevant  business  lines  (as  required). 
Furthermore, we continually evaluate our policies and procedures in light of the regulations related to data privacy, cyber-
security and AI and to our customers' needs. 

Trade Compliance

As a company with global operations, we may be subject to laws as well as international treaties and conventions 
controlling  imports,  exports,  re-export  and  transfer  of  goods,  services  and  technology.  These  include  import  and  customs 
laws, export controls, trade embargoes and economic sanctions, restrictions on sales to parties that are listed on (or are owned 
or controlled by one or more parties listed on) denied party watch lists and anti-boycott measures. 

We  are  subject  to  applicable  export  control  regulations  in  countries  from  which  we  export  goods  and  services, 
including  the  United  States,  Israel,  European  Union  and  the  United  Kingdom.  Such  regulations  may  apply  with  respect  to 
product components that are developed or manufactured in, or shipped from, the United States, Israel, European Union and 
the United Kingdom, or with respect to certain content contained in our products. There are restrictions that apply to software 
products  that  contain  encryption  functionality.  In  the  event  that  our  products  and  services  are  subject  to  such  controls  and 
restrictions, we may be required to obtain an export license or authorization and comply with other applicable requirements 
pursuant  to  such  regulations  or  may  be  restricted  from  exporting  certain  products  and  services  to  certain  countries  or  to 
sanctioned parties.

European Environmental Regulations

Our European activities require us to comply with the Directive 2011/65/EU of the European Parliament and of the 
Council  on  the  Restriction  of  the  Use  of  Certain  Hazardous  Substances  in  Electrical  and  Electronic  Equipment  and  the 
Commission Delegated Directive (EU) 2015/863 (together “RoHS”). RoHS provides, among other things, that producers of 
electrical and electronic equipment may not place new equipment containing certain materials, in amounts exceeding certain 
maximum concentration values, on the market in the EU. We are also required to comply with Regulation (EC) 1907/2006 of 
the  European  Parliament  and  of  the  Council  Registration,  Evaluation,  Authorisation  and  Restriction  of  Chemicals 
(“REACH”, SVHC-205), which requires producers to manage the risks from chemicals used in their products and to provide 
safety information on the substances found in their products.

Our products meet the requirements of the RoHS and REACH directives, and we are making every effort in order to 
maintain  compliance,  without  adversely  affecting  the  quality  and  functionalities  of  our  products.  If  we  fail  to  maintain 

39

compliance, including by reason of failure of our suppliers to comply, we may be restricted from conducting certain business 
in the EU, which could adversely affect our results of operations.

Our European activities also require us to comply with Directive 2012/19/EU of the European Parliament on Waste 
Electrical  and  Electronic  Equipment  (“WEEE”).  The  WEEE  directive  covers  the  labeling,  recovery  and  recycling  of  IT/
Telecommunications  equipment,  electrical  and  electronic  tools,  monitoring  and  control  instruments  and  other  types  of 
equipment,  devices  and  items,  and  we  have  set  up  the  operational  and  financial  infrastructure  required  for  collection  and 
recycling  of  WEEE,  as  stipulated  in  the  WEEE  directive,  including  product  labeling,  registration  and  the  joining  of 
compliance schemes. We are taking and will continue to take all requisite steps to ensure compliance with this directive. If 
we  fail  to  maintain  compliance,  we  may  be  restricted  from  conducting  certain  business  in  the  EU,  which  could  adversely 
affect our results of operations.

Similar regulations have been, or are being, formulated in other parts of the world. We may be required to comply 

with other similar programs that are enacted outside Europe in the future.

Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Report

NICE is guided by a deep commitment to social contribution, environmental sustainability and corporate citizenship 
that is ingrained in our core values. For further information on our ESG strategy and performance, you may access our full 
ESG  Report,  which  is  located  on  our  Corporate  Responsibility  webpage  at  https://www.nice.com/company/corporate-
responsibility. The contents of our ESG Report and related supplemental information (including information on our website) 
are not incorporated by reference into this annual report or in any other report or document we file with the SEC.

Competition

We believe that our solutions have several competitive advantages (as set forth above in “Our Solutions” section in 
this  Item  4,  “Information  on  the  Company  –  Business  Overview”)  in  their  scale,  performance  and  accuracy, 
comprehensiveness and broad functionality.

We are leaders in the Customer Engagement space. We compete against WFO players such as Alvaria, Calabrio, 

Genesys and Verint. In the CCaaS market, which is a part of the Contact Center Infrastructure market that is still mainly held 
by traditional on-premises players, we compete against Amazon-connect, Avaya, Cisco, Five9, Genesys and TalkDesk, as 
well as other niche vendors. We also compete against certain  UCaaS and Collaboration Software vendors, such as 8x8, 
Vonage and Zoom, which offer basic CCaaS capabilities, and certain digital engagement vendors, such as LivePerson, which 
offer digital engagement and self-service capabilities for contact centers. In addition, we are seeing some CRM companies, 
such as Salesforce and Zendesk, that provide a subset functionality of our broader offerings. In the emergency 
communications market, we compete against traditional recording vendors like Eventide, Equature and Exacom. In the Law 
Enforcement and Justice space, we compete against evidence content generation providers like Axon and Genetec who are 
looking to expand into broader digital evidence management.

We are leaders in the Financial Crime and Compliance space. We compete against niche vendors that provide one 
subset of functionality to protect against a specific risk and against vendors that provide a more comprehensive offering. In 
the  Anti-Fraud  market,  we  compete  against  vendors  such  as  SAS,  FICO,  Featurespace  and  Feedzai.  In  the  Anti-Money 
Laundering  market  we  compete  against  vendors  such  as  SAS,  Oracle  and  Quantexa.  In  the  Financial  Markets  Compliance 
market,  we  compete  against  vendors  such  as  SMARTS,  Oracle  and  SAS.  In  the  Mid-market  segment,  we  compete  mainly 
against Verafin.

40

Item 4.C  

Organizational Structure

The following is a list of our significant subsidiaries and other subsidiaries, including the country of incorporation or 

residence. Each of our subsidiaries listed below is wholly owned by us.

Name of Subsidiary
NICE Systems Australia PTY Ltd.

NICE Systems Technologies Brasil LTDA

NICE Systems Canada Ltd.

NICE Interactive Solutions India Private Ltd.

Actimize Ltd.

NICE Japan Ltd.

NICE Technologies Mexico S.R.L.

NICE Netherlands B.V.

NICE Systems (Singapore) Pte. Ltd.

Country of Incorporation or Residence
Australia

Brazil

Canada

India

Israel

Japan

Mexico

Netherlands

Singapore

NICE Technologies Sole Proprietorship LLC

United Arab Emirates

Actimize UK Limited

NICE Systems Technologies UK Limited

NICE Systems UK Ltd.

Actimize Inc.

inContact Inc.

NICE Systems Inc.

NICE Systems Technologies Inc.

LiveVox Inc.

Item 4.D 

Property, Plants and Equipment

United Kingdom

United Kingdom

United Kingdom

United States

United States

United States

United States

United States

We have leased offices and facilities in several countries, which include the following headquarter offices: 

•

•

•

•

Our Israeli headquarters in Ra'anana occupies approximately 165,000 square feet.

Our North American headquarters in Hoboken, New Jersey, occupies approximately 60,000 square feet;

Our EMEA headquarters in London, occupies approximately 10,000 square feet; and

Our APAC headquarters in Singapore occupies approximately 5,600 square feet.

Additional material leased facilities consist of the following:

•

•

Americas facilities located in –

◦

◦

◦

Atlanta, Georgia - and office that occupies approximately 17,000 square feet;

Salt Lake City, Utah – an office that occupies approximately 128,000 square feet; and 

Additional offices are located in Colorado, Texas, Ohio and California.

APAC  facilities  include  an  office  space  located  in  Pune,  India,  which  occupies  approximately  135,000 
square feet . There are also additional APAC offices located in Bengaluru, Manila and Tokyo.

41

We believe that our existing facilities are adequate to meet our current needs and substantially adequate to meet our 

foreseeable future needs.

42

Item 4A. 

Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.

43

Item 5. 

Operating and Financial Review and Prospects. 

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in 
conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and other financial information included 
elsewhere  in  this  annual  report.  This  discussion  contains  certain  forward-looking  statements  that  involve  risks, 
uncertainties and assumptions. As a result of many factors, including those set forth under Item 3, “Key Information - 
Risk  Factors”  and  elsewhere  in  this  annual  report,  our  actual  results  may  differ  materially  from  those  anticipated  in 
these forward-looking statements. For more information about forward-looking statements, see the “Preliminary Note” 
that immediately follows the Table of Contents of this annual report.

Overview

NICE  is  a  global  enterprise  software  leader,  providing  AI-powered  cloud  platforms  that  serve  two  main 
markets: Customer Engagement and Financial Crime and Compliance. Our core mission is to transform experiences to 
be extraordinary and trusted and create a frictionless and safe digital-first consumer reality where every interaction is 
intelligent, meaningful and effortless. Our solutions are used by organizations of all sizes and are offered in multiple 
delivery models, including cloud and on-premises. 

Our  strategy  is  based  on  serving  rapidly  expanding,  specialized  markets  that  require  feature-rich  solutions, 
with  robust,  comprehensive  cloud  platforms  that  are  spearheaded  by  AI  as  an  overarching  catalyst,  propelling  our 
unique  AI-driven  vectors  of  growth:  using  AI  differentiation  to  expand  our  cloud  win  rates,  positioning  AI  as  the 
bedrock for driving rapid expansion into digital, utilizing AI to fuel massive platform-adoption and leveraging AI as a 
lucrative source for new domain-specific use-cases.

In the Customer Engagement market, we enable organizations to transform experiences with specialized AI-
powered  solutions  aimed  at  augmenting  employee  activities  with  smart  copiloting  capabilities,  delivering  seamless 
automated customer self-service using conversational AI, orchestrating journeys across multiple channels and intents, 
meeting  consumers  wherever  they  choose  to  begin  their  journey,  providing  them  with  the  knowledge  element  they 
need,  and  creating  smarter  personalized  customer  interactions.  We  help  organizations  transform  their  workforce 
experience  with  AI-powered  solutions  aimed  at  guiding  and  engaging  employees,  optimizing  operations  and 
automating  processes  to  deliver  seamless  transition  between  automated  service  and  human-assisted  interactions.  We 
are  also  digitally  transforming  the  evidence  process  from  police  investigators  and  district  attorneys  to  court  and 
correction  facilities,  providing  a  single,  streamlined  view  of  the  truth  as  the  core  of  our  Public  Safety  and  Justice 
business, which is part of our Customer Engagement segment.

In  the  Financial  Crime  and  Compliance  market,  we  protect  financial  services  organizations,  with  solutions 
that identify risks and help prevent money laundering and fraud, as well as help ensure financial markets compliance in 
real-time. With our holistic, data and entity-centric approach, we help financial services organizations  address the new 
dynamic of financial crime threats, which are significantly growing in the digital era.

NICE is at the forefront of several industry technological disruptions that have greatly accelerated in the last 
several  years: the growing acceptance and adoption of specialized AI-powered solutions combining domain-specific 
use-cases, Generative AI and LLMs, the adoption of cloud platforms by organizations of all sizes and verticals, the 
shift of consumer and organizational preferences towards digital-centric services and experiences, an increase in 
consumer cross channel, self-service usage and the need to manage, optimize and engage a diverse workforce while 
retaining and attracting top talent. Our suite of integrated solutions, based on our unique domain expertise, enables 
customer service, financial crime prevention and criminal justice organizations to innovate and thrive with industry-
leading cloud platforms that use domain-specific data and AI powered solutions.

We rely on multiple key assets to drive our growth:

•

Our market-leading open cloud platforms which natively embed AI, analytics and automation, and 
are purpose-built for our specific domains, scale up to any sized organization, offer a comprehensive 
application suite for complete functionality, and are protected by a broad array of patents. 

44

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Our  extensive  portfolio  of  applications  that  address  organizational  needs  across  all  our  areas  of 
domain expertise.

Our broad array of proprietary technologies and algorithms in the domains of Generative AI, LLMs, 
automation,  analytics,  machine  learning,  speech-to-text,  natural  language  processing,  personality-
based  routing  and  others.  Our  native  AI  models  are  based  on  years  of  industry-specific  data  and 
domain expertise, consistently using machine learning for generating actionable insights.

Our access to vast amount of CX data, derived from billions of domain-specific interactions of all 
types, enriching our applications and enabling us to build hundreds of CX purpose-built AI models.

Our unique digital capabilities that are critical for organizations of all sizes and across all industries 
in dealing with the exponential adoption of digital in consumer preferences, banking transactions and 
justice agencies operations.

Our  advanced  data  security  and  compliance  capabilities  that  deliver  trusted  enterprise  software 
across  all  our  markets,  including  FedRAMP  authorization  to  the  relevant  business  lines,  with  30 
authorized applications, native PCI, supported by the most advanced SOC in the industry.

Our flexible delivery model that allows our customers to benefit from a wide range of both cloud and 
on-premises solutions.

Our solutions' market coverage of all segments, from small and mid-sized businesses to large scale 
Fortune 100 enterprises.

The  mission  critical  nature  of  our  solutions  to  the  operations  of  our  customers  and  our  cloud 
platforms  that  are  essential  for  enabling  a  scalable  and  sustainable  work-from-anywhere 
environment.

Our market leadership, which makes us a well-recognized brand and creates top-of-mind awareness 
for our solutions in our areas of operation.

Our broad partner ecosystem that enables us to reach and serve a large number of customers across 
many countries.

Our  loyal  customer  base  of  more  than  25,000  organizations  in  over  150  countries,  across  many 
industries, including 85 of the Fortune 100 companies.

Our  strong  profitability  and  free  cash  flow  that  allows  us  to  invest  in  innovative  solutions  and 
product development and fuels strategic acquisitions.

Our ability to quickly drive mainstream adoption for innovative solutions and new technologies and 
trends, which we introduce to the market through our direct sales force and distribution network.

Our skilled employees and domain expertise in our core markets allow us to bring our customers the 
right solutions to address key business challenges and build strong customer partnerships.

Our customer support and operations, which enable our customers to quickly enjoy the benefits of 
our  solutions,  with  multiple  deployment  models  in  the  cloud  or  on-premises  throughout  the  world 
and support for full value realization and customer success.

Our  outcome-oriented  white-glove  services  that  enable  our  customers  achieve  greater  efficiency, 
higher revenue, and lower operating costs with our solutions.

45

Recent Acquisitions 

From time to time we complete acquisitions and investments. Some of them are not considered material to 
our business and operations. During 2023, we completed several acquisitions for total consideration of approximately 
$446.9 million. During 2022, we completed an acquisition for total cash consideration of approximately $30 million 
and contingent consideration with a fair value of approximately $20.4 million. For additional information see Note 1b 
to our Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this annual report. 

The acquisitions were accounted for by the acquisition method of accounting, and, accordingly, the purchase 
price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values. The results of 
operations  related  to  each  acquisition  are  included  in  our  consolidated  statements  of  income  from  the  date  of 
acquisition.

Critical Accounting Estimates

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

Certain  accounting  policies  require  that  we  apply  significant  judgment  in  determining  the  appropriate 
assumptions for calculating financial estimates. By their nature, these judgments will be subject to an inherent degree 
of  uncertainty.  Our  judgments  are  based  upon  our  management’s  historical  experience,  terms  of  existing  contracts, 
observance  of  trends  in  the  industry,  information  provided  by  our  customers  and  information  available  from  other 
outside sources, as appropriate.

We believe that the accounting policies and estimates discussed below are critical to our financial results and 
to the understanding of our past and future performance, as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving 
management’s  estimates  and  assumptions.  We  consider  an  accounting  estimate  to  be  critical  if:  (1)  it  requires  us  to 
make assumptions because information was not available at the time or it included matters that were highly uncertain 
at the time we were making our estimate and (2) changes in the estimate could have a material impact on our financial 
condition or results of operations.

Revenue  Recognition.  We  generate  revenues  from  sales  of  cloud,  service  and  software  products,  which 
include  software 
implementation, 
license,  SaaS,  network  connectivity,  hosting,  support  and  maintenance, 
configuration,  project  management,  consulting  and  training,  and  software  licenses.  We  sell  our  cloud,  products  and 
services directly through our sales force and indirectly through a global network of distributors, system integrators and 
strategic partners, all of whom are considered end-users.

We recognize revenues in accordance with ASC No. 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 
606”). Under this standard, we recognize revenues when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services in 
an  amount  that  reflects  the  consideration  that  we  expect  to  receive  in  exchange  for  those  goods  or  services.  To 
determine revenue recognition for contracts that are within the scope of this standard, we perform the following five 
steps:

1) Identify the contract(s) with a customer

A contract with a customer exists when (i) there is an enforceable contract with the customer that defines each 
party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be transferred and identifies the payment terms related to these goods 
or  services;  (ii)  the  contract  has  commercial  substance;  and  (iii)  we  determine  that  collection  of  substantially  all 
consideration for goods or services that are transferred is likely based on the customer’s intent and ability to pay the 
promised consideration. We apply judgment in determining the customer’s ability and intent to pay, which is based on 
a variety of factors, including the customer's historical payment experience.

2) Identify the performance obligations of the contract 

We  enter  into  contracts  that  may  include  multiple  performance  obligations.  We  account  for  individual 
products and services separately if they are distinct – i.e., if a product or service is separately identifiable from other 
items in the contract and if a customer can benefit from it on its own or with other resources that are readily available 
to the customer.

3) Determine the transaction price 

46

The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which we will be entitled in exchange for 

transferring goods or services to the customer.

Payment  terms  and  conditions  vary  by  contract  type.  In  instances  where  the  timing  of  revenue  recognition 
differs from the timing of invoicing, we generally do not include a significant financing component in our contracts 
since our sale prices are not subject to billing terms and the purpose of our contracts is not to receive financing from, 
or provide financing to, customers. In addition, we elected to apply the practical expedient to not adjust the promised 
amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if we expect, at contract inception, that 
the period between when we transfer a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that 
good or service will be one year or less.

Revenue  is  measured  based  on  the  consideration  specified  in  a  contract  with  a  customer,  excluding  taxes 
assessed  by  a  governmental  authority  that  are  both  imposed  on  and  concurrent  with  a  specific  revenue-producing 
transaction, that we collect from a customer. We enter into contracts that can include various combinations of products 
and services, which are generally capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations.

 4) Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations of the contract

We  allocate  the  transaction  price  to  each  performance  obligation  identified  based  on  its  relative  standalone 

selling price (“SSP”) out of the total consideration of the contract.

We use judgment in determining the SSP. If the SSP is not observable through standalone transactions, we 
estimate the SSP by taking into account available information such as geographic or regional specific factors, internal 
costs, profit objectives, and internally approved pricing guidelines related to the performance obligations. 

We  typically  establish  SSP  range  for  our  products  and  services,  which  is  reassessed  on  a  periodic  basis  or 
when  facts  and  circumstances  change.  SSP  for  products  and  services  can  evolve  over  time  due  to  changes  in  NICE 
pricing  practices  that  are  influenced  by  intense  competition,  changes  in  demand  for  products  and  services,  and 
economic factors, among others.

For products for which the SSP cannot be determined based on observable prices given that the same products 
are sold for a broad range of amounts (i.e., the selling price is highly variable), the SSP included in a contract with 
multiple  performance  obligations  is  determined  by  applying  a  residual  approach  whereby  all  other  performance 
obligations within a contract are first allocated a portion of the transaction price based upon their respective SSPs, with 
any residual amount of transaction price allocated to these product revenues.

5) Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation

We  derive  our  cloud  revenues  from  subscription  services,  which  are  comprised  of  subscription  fees  from 
granting customers access to our cloud platforms, network connectivity and/or services fees for deployment of certain 
cloud platforms. 

Revenue from subscription services is recognized either ratably over the contract period or based on usage, 
and  revenue  from  network  connectivity  is  based  on  customer  call  usage  and  is  recognized  in  the  period  the  call  is 
initiated and services fees for deployment are amortized over average customer life.

Revenue  from  software  license,  support  and  maintenance  services  are  recognized  at  the  time  the  related 
performance obligation is satisfied by transferring the promised product or service to the customer. Software license 
revenues are recognized at the point in time when the software license is delivered, and the customer obtains control of 
the  asset.  Support  and  maintenance  service  revenues  are  recognized  ratably  over  the  term  of  the  underlying 
maintenance contract term. Renewals of maintenance contracts create new performance obligations that are satisfied 
over the term with the revenues recognized ratably over the period of the renewal.

Professional services revenues, except fees for deployment of certain cloud platforms, are recognized as 

services are performed.

Impairment  of  Long-Lived  Assets.  Our  long-lived  assets  include  goodwill,  property  and  equipment  and 

identifiable other intangible assets that are subject to amortization.

47

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price in a business combination over the fair value of the net 
tangible and intangible assets acquired. Under ASC 350, "Intangible - Goodwill and Other" ("ASC 350"), goodwill is 
not amortized, but rather is subject to an annual impairment test. If we determine that it is more likely than not that the 
fair  value  of  a  reporting  unit  is  less  than  its  carrying  value,  then  we  prepare  a  quantitative  analysis  to  determine 
whether the carrying value of reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit 
exceeds its estimated fair value, we recognize an impairment of goodwill for the amount of this excess, in accordance 
with  the  guidance  in  FASB  Accounting  Standards  Update  ("ASU")  No.  2017-04,  Intangibles  -  Goodwill  and  Other 
(Topic 350).

During the fourth quarter of each of the fiscal years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we performed 
a qualitative assessment for our reporting units and concluded that the qualitative assessment did not result in a more 
likely  than  not  indication  of  impairment,  and  therefore  no  further  impairment  testing  was  required.  Accordingly,  no 
impairment charge was recognized during any of such fiscal years.

Income Taxes. To prepare our consolidated financial statements, we estimate our income taxes in each of the 
jurisdictions in which we operate, and in certain of these jurisdictions, our income taxes are calculated based on our 
assumptions as to our entitlement to various benefits under the applicable tax laws in the jurisdiction. The entitlement 
to such benefits depends upon our compliance with the terms and conditions set out in these laws.

We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” This topic prescribes the use of 
the  liability  method  whereby  deferred  tax  asset  and  liability  account  balances  are  determined  based  on  differences 
between  financial  reporting  and  tax  bases  of  assets  and  liabilities,  and  are  measured  using  the  enacted  tax  rates  and 
laws  that  will  be  in  effect  when  the  differences  are  expected  to  reverse.  We  provide  a  valuation  allowance,  if 
necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Deferred tax assets 
and deferred tax liabilities are presented under long-term assets and long-term liabilities, respectively.

We  implement  a  two-step  approach  to  recognize  and  measure  uncertain  tax  positions.  The  first  step  is  to 
evaluate  the  tax  position  taken  or  expected  to  be  taken  in  a  tax  return  by  determining  if  the  weight  of  available 
evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that, on an evaluation of the technical merits, the tax position will be 
sustained on audit, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes. The second step is to measure the 
tax  benefit  as  the  largest  amount  that  is  more  than  50%  (cumulative  basis)  likely  to  be  realized  upon  ultimate 
settlement.

We  classify  interest  and  penalties  on  income  taxes  (which  includes  uncertain  tax  positions)  as  taxes  on 

income.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting 
for Income Taxes. This standard simplifies the accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions to the 
guidance in Topic 740 related to the approach for intra-period tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income 
taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. The new guidance 
also simplifies aspects of the accounting for franchise taxes and enacted changes in tax laws or rates and clarifies the 
accounting  for  transactions  that  result  in  a  step-up  in  the  tax  basis  of  goodwill  and  allocating  consolidated  income 
taxes to separate financial statements of entities not subject to income tax. The adoption of ASU 2019-12 did not  have 
a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Business Combination. We apply the provisions of ASC 805, “Business Combination,” and we allocate the 
fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed and intangible assets acquired 
based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these 
identifiable  assets  and  liabilities  is  recorded  as  goodwill.  When  determining  the  fair  values  of  assets  acquired  and 
liabilities  assumed,  management  makes  significant  estimates  and  assumptions,  especially  with  respect  to  intangible 
assets.  Significant  estimates  in  valuing  certain  intangible  assets  include,  but  are  not  limited  to,  future  expected  cash 
flows  from  customer  relationships,  acquired  technology  and  acquired  trademarks  from  a  market  participant 
perspective, useful lives and discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed 
to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from 
estimates. Acquisition-related expenses are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as 
incurred.

Contingent consideration incurred in a business combination is included as part of the acquisition price and 
recorded  at  a  probability  weighted  assessment  of  the  fair  value  as  of  the  acquisition  date.  The  fair  value  of  the 

48

contingent  consideration  is  re-measured  at  each  reporting  period,  with  any  adjustments  in  fair  value  recognized  in 
earnings under general and administrative expenses.

In  October  2021,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2021-08,  Business  Combination  (Topic  805):  Accounting  for 
Contract Assets and Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires an acquirer to recognize and measure 
contract  assets  and  liabilities  acquired  in  a  business  combination  in  accordance  with  Revenue  from  ASC  606  rather 
than adjust them to fair value at the acquisition date. We early adopted ASU 2021-08 in the fourth quarter of 2021, 
retroactively  applying  it  to  all  business  combinations  since  January  1,  2021.  The  adoption  did  not  have  a  material 
effect on our consolidated financial statements.

Stock-based  Compensation.  We  account  for  stock-based  compensation  in  accordance  with  ASC  718, 
“Compensation - Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”), which requires the measurement and recognition of stock base 
compensation  expense  based  on  estimated  fair  values  for  all  share-based  payment  awards  made  to  employees  and 
directors. ASC 718 requires companies to estimate the fair value of equity-based payment awards on the date of grant 
using an option-pricing model and account for forfeitures as they occur.

We recognize compensation expenses for the value of our awards, which have graded vesting, based on the 
accelerated attribution method over the requisite service period of each of the awards. We account for forfeitures as 
they occur.

We  estimate  the  fair  value  of  stock  options  granted  using  the  Black-Scholes-Merton  option-pricing  model, 
which requires a number of assumptions: the expected volatility is based upon actual historical stock price movements; 
the expected term of options granted is based upon historical experience and represents the period of time that options 
granted are expected to be outstanding; the risk-free interest rate is based on the yield from U.S. Federal Reserve zero-
coupon bonds with an equivalent term; and the expected dividend rate (an annualized dividend yield) is based on the 
per share dividend declared by our Board of Directors.

We measure the fair value of restricted stock based on the market value of the underlying shares at the date of 

grant. 

Marketable  Securities.  We  account  for  investments  in  debt  securities  in  accordance  with  ASC  320, 
“Investments - Debt Securities” and ASC No. 326, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses”. Management determines 
the  appropriate  classification  of  our  investments  in  debt  securities  at  the  time  of  purchase  and  re-evaluates  such 
determinations at each balance sheet date.

Marketable securities classified as “available-for-sale” (“AFS”) are carried at fair value. Unrealized gains and 
losses are reported in a separate component of shareholders’ equity in accumulated other comprehensive income, net 
of  taxes.  Gains  and  losses  are  recognized  when  realized,  on  a  specific  identification  basis,  in  our  consolidated 
statements of income.

For  each  reporting  period,  we  evaluate  whether  declines  in  fair  value  below  the  amortized  cost  are  due  to 
expected credit losses, as well as our ability and intent to hold the investment until a forecasted recovery occurs, in 
accordance with ASC 326. Allowance for credit losses on AFS debt securities are recognized as a charge in financial 
expenses (income) and other, net, on the consolidated statements of income, and any remaining unrealized losses, net 
of taxes, are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). As of December 31, 2023, no credit losses 
have been recorded.

We  classified  all  our  securities  with  maturities  beyond  12  months  as  current  assets  under  the  caption  short 
term investments on the consolidated balance sheet. These securities are available to support current operations and we 
may sell these debt securities prior to their stated maturities.

49

Exchangeable  Senior  Notes.  Through  December  31,  2021,  prior  to  the  adoption  of  ASU  2020-06,  we 
separately  accounted  for  the  liability  and  equity  components  of  convertible  debt  instruments  that  may  be  settled  in 
combination  of  cash  and  shares.  The  liability  component  at  issuance  was  recognized  at  fair  value,  based  on  the  fair 
value of a similar instrument that did not have a conversion feature. The equity component was based on the excess of 
the proceeds over the fair value of the liability component, after adjusting for an allocation of debt issuance costs, and 
was recorded as additional paid in capital. 

Debt discounts were amortized as additional non-cash interest expense over the expected life of the debt. We 
allocated  the  total  issuance  costs  incurred  to  the  liability  and  equity  components  of  the  exchangeable  senior  notes 
based on the same proportions as the proceeds from the notes.

On December 31, 2021, we entered into the First Supplemental Indenture to the 2017 Indenture (as defined in 
Item 10, "Additional Information - Material Contracts - Notes and Indenture") (the “First Supplemental Indenture”). In 
accordance with the First Supplemental Indenture, we irrevocably elected Cash Settlement for the principal and any 
premium  due  upon  conversion  to  apply  to  all  conversions  of  the  2017  Notes  (as  defined  in  Item  10,  "Additional 
Information - Material Contracts - Notes and Indenture") with an Exchange Date (as defined in the 2017 Indenture) 
that occurs on or after December 31, 2021. As a result, the conversion feature of the 2017 Notes was required to be 
bifurcated from the debt host and accounted for separately as a derivative liability. As such, we recognized a derivative 
liability at an amount equal to the fair value of the conversion feature at that date. Subsequent changes in fair value of 
the bifurcated conversion derivative are reflected in financial income (expenses) on a net basis.

Additionally, in December 2021, we made an irrevocable election to settle the principal amount of the 2020 
Notes  (as  defined  in  Item  10,  "Additional  Information  -  Material  Contracts  -  Notes  and  Indenture")  in  cash. 
Accordingly,  upon  conversion,  the  principal  amount  shall  be  paid  in  cash.  Any  amount  in  excess  of  the  principal 
amount may be paid, or delivered, as the case may be,  in cash, shares of common stock or a combination of cash and 
shares  of  the  Company  stock,  at  the  Company's  discretion.  Prior  to  this  irrevocable  election,  upon  conversion,  we, 
could have elected to deliver to holders cash, shares of the Company's common stock or a combination of cash and 
shares of the Company's common stock to settle the principal amount.

Starting January 1, 2022, we adopted ASU 2020-06, which simplifies the guidance on the issuer’s accounting 
for  convertible  debt  instruments  by  removing  the  separation  models  for  (1)  convertible  debt  with  a  cash  conversion 
feature and (2) convertible instruments with a beneficial conversion feature. As a result, we do not separately present 
in equity an embedded conversion feature in such debt. Instead, we account for a convertible debt instrument wholly as 
debt,  unless  the  debt  contains  embedded  derivatives  required  to  be  bifurcated  or  the  debt  is  issued  at  a  substantial 
premium.  We  recognized  a  cumulative  effect  of  initially  applying  ASU  2020-06  as  an  adjustment  to  the  January  1, 
2022  opening  balance  of  accumulated  deficit.  We  combined  the  previously  separated  equity  component  with  the 
liability component, which together is classified as debt, thereby eliminating the subsequent amortization of the debt 
discount as interest expense. Similarly, the portion of issuance costs previously allocated to equity was reclassified to 
debt  and  amortized  as  interest  expense.  Accordingly,  we  recorded  as  of  January  1,  2022  an  increase  to  retained 
earnings of approximately $7,331, a decrease to additional paid-in capital of $28,816, an increase to long-term debt of 
$24,758, a decrease to deferred tax liabilities of $2,937, and an increase in debt issuance costs of $336. There will be 
an impact to earnings per share as a result of the adoption based on the if-converted method if the we average share 
price will exceed the conversion price of $299.19 of the 2020 Notes, then there will be an impact to earnings per share 
for the dilution impact above the conversion price as a result of the adoption based on the if-converted method. The 
prior period consolidated financial statements have not been retrospectively adjusted and continue to be reported under 
the accounting standards in effect for those periods (see Note 15 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included 
elsewhere in this annual report).

Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In  November  2023,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2023-07,  Segment  Reporting  (Topic  280):  Improvements  to 
Reportable Segment Disclosures. This standard updates reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through 
enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and information used to assess segment performance on an 
interim  and  annual  basis.  This  update  is  effective  for  fiscal  years  beginning  after  December  15,  2023,  and  interim 
periods  within  fiscal  years  beginning  after  December  15,  2024.  Early  adoption  is  permitted.  The  adoption  of  ASU 
2023-07 is not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 "Income Taxes (Topics 740): Improvements to Income 
Tax  Disclosures",  which  expands  the  disclosure  requirements  for  income  taxes,  primarily  related  to  the  rate 

50

reconciliation  and  income  taxes  paid.  This  guidance  is  effective  for  the  fiscal  years  beginning  after  December  15, 
2024.  Early  adoption  is  permitted.  The  adoption  of  ASU  2023-09  is  not  expected  to  have  a  significant  impact  our 
consolidated financial statements. 

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth our selected consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 

31, 2022 and 2023, expressed as a percentage of total revenues (totals may not add up due to rounding).

Revenue:

Cloud

Services

Product

Cost of revenue:

Cloud

Services

Product

Gross profit

Operating expenses:

Research and development, net

Selling and marketing

General and administrative

Total operating expenses

Operating income

Financial income and other, net

Income before taxes
Taxes on income

Net income

2023

2022

 66.5 %

 59.4 %

 27.0 

 6.5 

 100.0 

 23.3 

 7.9 

 1.1 

 32.3 

 67.7 

 13.6 

 25.2 

 10.6 

 49.4 

 18.3 

 (0.9) 

 19.2 
 5.0 

 14.2 

 29.8 

 10.8 

 100.0 

 21.7 

 8.4 

 1.2 

 31.3 

 68.7 

 14.0 

 28.0 

 11.3 

 53.2 

 15.5 

 (0.5) 

 15.8 
 3.6 

 12.2 

Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022

For a comparison of our results for the years ended 2022 and 2021, please refer to Item 5 in our annual 

report on Form 20-F for the year ended 2022, filed with the SEC on March 30, 2023. 

Our  revenues  increased  by  approximately  $196.2  million,  or  9%,  from  $2,181.3  million  in  the  year 
ended  December  31,  2022  to  $2,377.5  million  in  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023.  The  increase  consisted  of 
a $205.3 million increase in Customer Engagement revenue, which was partially offset by a $9.1 million decrease in 
Financial Crime and Compliance revenue. 

The revenue growth of our Customer Engagement business segment in 2023 is attributed to the increased 

demand for our cloud platform CXone from new customers and ongoing expansion within our installed customer base, 
driven by further penetration into both large enterprises and the mid-market. 

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The revenue decrease in our Financial Crime and Compliance business segment in 2023 is primarily 
attributed to a decrease in product revenue, which was partially offset by an increase in cloud revenue due to increased 
adoption of our cloud platforms X-Sight and Xceed.

Cloud revenue

Service revenue

Product revenue

Total revenue

Years Ended December 31, Percentage 

(In millions)

2023

2022

Change
2022-2023

$ 

1,581.8  $ 

1,295.3 

 22.1 %

641.4 

154.3 

650.1 

235.9 

 (1.3) 

 (34.6) 

$ 

2,377.5  $ 

2,181.3 

 9.0 %

Our cloud revenue in 2023 increased by 22.1%, or $286.5 million, to $1,581.8 million compared to $1,295.3 
million in 2022, mainly due to an increase in the Customer Engagement segment from growing demand for our CXone 
cloud platform, including ongoing penetration in the mid-market with further adoption at the high end of the market 
and  increasing  international  cloud  adoption,  resulting  from  both  new  customers  and  expansion  from  existing 
customers. In addition, the increase in overall cloud revenue is partially attributed to the growing adoption of our cloud 
solutions in the Financial Crime and Compliance segment. Revenue derived from our cloud platforms accounted for 
66.5% of our total revenue in 2023, as part of our cloud-first strategy of increasing cloud revenue as a percentage of 
our total revenue.

Our  service  revenue  in  2023  decreased  by  1.3%,  or  $8.7  million,  to  $641.4  million  compared  to  $650.1 
million in 2022, mainly due to a decrease in maintenance revenue as a growing number of our existing on-premises 
customers transitioned to our cloud-based solutions.

Our  product  revenue  in  2023  decreased  by  34.6%,  or  $81.6  million,  to  $154.3  million  compared  to  $235.9 
million in 2022, as demand decreased for on-premises products in 2023 compared to 2022, primarily in the Financial 
Crime and Compliance business segment, as a growing number of our existing on-premises customers transitioned to 
our cloud-based solutions.

Revenue by Region

Years Ended December 31, Percentage 

(In millions)

2023

2022

Change
2022-2023

United States, Canada and Central and South America (“Americas”)

$ 

1,986.6  $ 

1,802.2 

Europe, the Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”)
Asia-Pacific (“APAC”)

Total revenues

248.0 
142.9 

249.7 
129.4 

$ 

2,377.5  $ 

2,181.3 

 10.2 %

 (0.7) 
 10.5 

 9.0 %

Revenue in Americas increased in 2023 by 10.2%, or $184.4 million, to $1,986.6 million compared to 

$1,802.2 million in 2022, mainly due to an increase in cloud revenue for our cloud platforms, primarily from CXone.

Revenue in EMEA decreased in 2023 by 0.7%, or $1.7 million, to $248.0 million compared to $249.7 million 

in 2022, primarily attributed to the decrease in product revenue from the Financial Crime and Compliance segment, 
largely offset by an increase in cloud revenue in both business segments.

Revenue  in  APAC  increased  in  2023  by  10.5%,  or  $13.5  million,  to  $142.9  million  compared  to  $129.4 
million  in  2022.  The  increase  in  revenue  in  2023  is  primarily  attributed  to  the  increase  in  cloud  revenue  in  the 
Customer Engagement segment and an increase in service revenue in the Financial Crime and Compliance segment.

52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of Revenue

Cost of cloud revenue

Cost of service revenue

Cost of product revenue

Total cost of revenue

Years Ended December 31, Percentage

(In millions)

2023

2022

Change
2022-2023

$ 

553.7  $ 

188.9 

25.6 

$ 

768.2  $ 

472.8 

183.9 

26.9 

683.7 

 17.1 %

 2.7 

 (4.8) 

 12.4 %

Our cost of cloud revenue in 2023 increased by $80.9 million, or 17.1% compared to 2022, and decreased  as 
a percentage of cloud revenue. The increase in the cost of cloud revenue is primarily due to an increase in our cloud 
sales. The decrease as percentage of cloud revenue is primarily due to increased scale in our cloud business in 2023. 

Our  cost  of  service  revenue  in  2023  increased  by  $5.0  million,  or  2.7%,  compared  to  2022  and  slightly 

increased as a percentage of service revenue compared to 2022.

Our cost of product revenue in 2023 decreased by $1.3 million, or 4.8%, compared to 2022 and increased as a 

percentage of product revenue compared to 2022, mainly due to decreased scale in our product business in 2023.

Gross Profit

Gross profit on cloud revenue

as a percentage of cloud revenue

Gross profit on service revenue

as a percentage of service revenue

Gross profit on product revenue

as a percentage of product revenue

Total gross profit

as a percentage of total revenue

Years Ended December 31, Percentage

(In millions)

2023

2022

Change
2022-2023

$  1,028.2 

$ 

822.5 

 25.0 %

 65.0 %

452.5 

 70.5 %

128.6 

 83.3 %

 63.5 %

466.2 

 71.7 %

208.9 

 88.6 %

 (2.9) 

 (38.5) 

$  1,609.3 

$  1,497.6 

 7.5 %

 67.7 %

 68.7 %

Our cloud gross profit was $1,028.2 in 2023 compared to $822.5 in 2022, representing an increase of $205.7 

million, or 25.0%. Our cloud gross profit as percentage of cloud revenue increased to 65.0% in 2023 compared to 
63.5% in 2022. The increase in cloud gross profit and margin is mainly attributed to scaling in our cloud business, 
further adoption of higher margin software offerings within our cloud platforms and efficiencies in our internal 
operations.

Our services gross profit was $452.5 in 2023 compared to $466.2 in 2022, representing a decrease of $13.7 
million, or 2.9%, which is mainly attributed to a decrease in maintenance revenue as a growing number of our existing 
on-premises customers transition to our cloud-based solutions. As a percentage of service revenue, our services gross 
profit was 70.5% in 2023 compared to 71.7% in 2022.

Our product gross profit was $128.6 in 2023 compared to $208.9 in 2022, representing a decrease of 

$80.3 million, or 38.5%, which is mainly attributed to the execution of our strategy as a cloud first company. Our 
product gross margin decreased to 83.3% in 2023 compared to 88.6% in 2022, mainly due to the change in product 
revenue mix sold as compared to the prior year.

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Expenses

Research and development, net

Selling and marketing

General and administrative

Total operating expenses

Years Ended December 31,

Percentage

(In millions)

2023

2022

Change
2022-2023

$ 

322.7  $ 

599.1 

252.3 

306.1 

609.8 

246.5 

$ 

1,174.1  $ 

1,162.4 

 5.4 %

 (1.8) %

 2.4 %

 1.0 %

Research and Development, Net. Net research and development expenses increased by $16.6 million to 

$322.7 million in 2023 compared to $306.1 million in 2022, and represented 13.6% and 14.0% of revenues in 2023 
and 2022, respectively. The increase in research and development expenses is attributed mainly to an increase in 
headcount to further drive innovation in our AI based solutions and expand our cloud platforms and capabilities.

Selling and Marketing Expenses. Selling and marketing expenses decreased by $10.7 million to $599.1 

million in 2023 compared to $609.8 million in 2022, which represented 25.2% and 28.0% of total revenues in 2023 
and 2022, respectively. The decrease in selling and marketing expenses is attributed primarily to a decrease in 
marketing costs, stock-based compensation costs and fully amortized intangible assets. The decrease was partially 
offset by an increase in selling costs to obtain contracts and an increase in our go-to-market headcount.

General  and  Administrative  Expenses.  General  and  administrative  expenses  in  2023  were  $252.3  million 
compared to $246.5 million in 2022, which represented 10.6% of total revenues in 2023, as compared to 11.3% of total 
revenues  in  2022.  The  increase  in  general  and  administrative  expenses  is  attributed  primarily  to  an  increase  in 
headcount and an increase in stock-based compensation costs.

Financial Expenses and Other, net

Financial income and other, net

Years Ended December 31,
(In millions)

2023

2022

Percentage
Change
2022-2023

(22.5)   

(10.2) 

 120.6 %

Financial  Expense  income  and  Other,  net.  Financial  income  and  other,  net,  increased  by  $12.3  million  to 
income of $22.5 million in 2023 compared to $10.2 million in 2022. The increase in financial income and other, net is 
attributable primarily to an increase in interest income earned from our cash and investment portfolio.

Taxes on Income. Total tax expenses were $119.4 million in 2023 and $79.4 million in 2022. Our effective 

tax rate was 26.1% in 2023 and 23.0% in 2022.

The increase in 2023 of $40.0 million in tax expenses is mainly due to our increased profitability. The 

increase in our effective tax rate is mainly attributed to an increase in our U.S. market-based income with a higher 
income tax rate and to a change in certain tax positions. 

The majority of our income in Israel continues to benefit from reduced tax rates, which was 12% in 2023 and 
2022,  pursuant  to  our  Preferred  Technology  Enterprise  programs,  as  discussed  in  Note  13  of  our  Consolidated 
Financial Statements included elsewhere in this annual report under the caption “Taxes on Income”.

Net Income. Net income increased by $72.4 million to $338.3 million in 2023 compared to $265.9 million in 
2022.  The  increase  in  2023  resulted  primarily  from  an  increase  in  our  revenue,  gross  profit,  operating  income  and 
financial income, partially offset by higher operating expenses.

54

 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources

To  date,  we  have  financed  our  operations,  acquisitions  and  the  repurchase  of  our  equity,  primarily  through 

cash generated from our operating activities as well as through debt financing in the form of Exchangeable Notes. 

As of December 31, 2023, we had $1,407.8 million of cash equivalents and in short-term investments, which 
included $511.8 million in cash and cash equivalents, and $896.0 million in short-term investments. We believe our 
existing cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure needs for at 
least the next 12 months. 

We  plan  to  continue  to  finance  our  operations  in  the  future  primarily  through  sales  of  our  solutions,  most 
notably our cloud platforms. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our growth rate, 
continuing market acceptance of our solutions, client retention, our ability to gain new clients, the timing and extent of 
spending to support research and development efforts, the expansion of sales and marketing activities and personnel, 
the  introduction  of  new  and  enhanced  offerings,  and  the  impact  of  changes  to  the  global  economy,  among  other 
factors.  We  may  also  acquire  or  invest  in  complementary  businesses,  technologies  and  intellectual  property  rights, 
which may increase our use of cash and future capital requirements, both to pay acquisition costs and to support our 
combined operations. 

We continually evaluate our capital needs and may decide to raise additional capital to fund the growth of our 
business and future acquisitions and investments, through public or private equity offerings or through additional debt 
financing. Access to additional capital may not be available or on favorable terms.

Cash Flows

 Generally, we invest our excess cash in highly liquid investment grade securities. As of December 31, 2023, 
we had $1,407.8 million of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments, as compared to $1,571.5 million at 
December 31, 2022.

Cash  provided  by  operating  activities  was  $561.4  million  and  $479.7  million  in  2023  and  2022, 
respectively. Net cash from operations in 2023 consisted primarily of net income of $338.3 million, adjusted for non-
cash activities such as depreciation and amortization of $167.4 million, stock-based compensation of $176.7 million, 
an increase in deferred taxes of $66.6 million as well as working capital changes derived from a decrease in deferred 
revenues of $45.9 million and a decrease in accrued expenses and other liabilities of $55.7 million, partially offset by 
an increase in trade receivables of $34.3 million . Net cash from operations in 2022 consisted primarily of net income 
of $265.9 million, adjusted for non-cash activities such as depreciation and amortization of $176.5 million, stock-based 
compensation  of  $182.7  million,  an  increase  in  deferred  taxes  of  $52.6  million  as  well  as  working  capital  changes 
derived from an increase in deferred revenues of $6.4 million, an increase in accrued expenses and other liabilities of 
$33.7 million and an increase in trade receivables of $129.7 million.

Net cash used in investing activities was $293.6 million and $152.4 million in 2023 and 2022, respectively. In 
2023, net cash used in investing activities consisted primarily of payment for  acquisitions in the aggregate amount of 
$415.2 million, purchase of property and equipment of $29.2 million and capitalization of internal use software costs 
of  $55.0  million,  partially  offset  by  net  proceeds  from  investment  in  marketable  securities  and  short-term  bank 
deposits  of  $205.8  million.  In  2022,  net  cash  used  in  investing  activities  consisted  primarily  of  payment  for  an 
acquisition in the  amount of $29.7 million, net investment in marketable securities and short-term bank deposits of 
$40.7 million and purchase of property and equipment of $31.9 million and capitalization of internal use software costs 
of $50.0 million.

Net cash used in financing activities was $290.3 million and $164.5 million in 2023 and 2022, respectively.

In 2023, net cash used in financing activities was attributed primarily to repurchase of our ordinary shares of 
$288.4 million and repayment of long-term debt in the amount of $2.6 million, which were partially offset by proceeds 
from the issuance of shares upon the exercise of options of $2.6 million. In 2022, net cash used in financing activities 
was attributed primarily to repayment of long-term debt in the amount of $20.1 million and repurchase of our ordinary 
shares  of  $144.9  million,  which  were  partially  offset  by  proceeds  from  the  issuance  of  shares  upon  the  exercise  of 
options of $1.0 million.

55

Contractual and Other Obligations

Set  forth  below  are  our  material  contractual  obligations  and  other  commercial  commitments  as  of 

December 31, 2023 (in thousands).

Contractual Obligations

Total

Payments Due by Period

Less than 1 
year

1- 3 years

3-5 years

More than 5 
years

Debt Obligations, including estimated 
interest *
Operating Leases

Unconditional Purchase Obligations

Severance Pay**

Total Contractual Cash Obligations

Uncertain Income Tax Positions ***

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

669,900  $ 

209,900  $ 

460,000  $ 

—  $ 

146,782

17,962

32,907

29,155

425,702  $ 

105,843  $ 

170,181  $ 

149,678  $ 

— 

66,758

— 

17,078 

1,259,462  $ 

333,705  $ 

663,088  $ 

178,833  $ 

66,758 

90,124 

* 

** 

*** 

Debt obligations includes senior exchangeable notes. The principal balances of the exchangeable senior notes 
are  reflected  in  the  payment  periods  in  the  table  above  based  on  their  respective  contractual  maturities 
assuming  no  conversion.  See  Note  15  to  our  consolidated  financial  statements  included  elsewhere  in  this 
annual  report  for  further  details.  In  January  2024,  the  2017  Notes  fully  matured,  and  the  entire  aggregate 
principal amount of $87,432 was settled in cash (see Note 19 to our consolidated financial statements).

Severance  pay  relates  to  accrued  obligations  to  employees  as  required  under  applicable  labor  laws.  These 
obligations are payable only upon termination, retirement or death of the respective employees.

Uncertain  income  tax  positions  under  ASC  740  are  due  upon  settlement  and  we  are  unable  to  reasonably 
estimate the ultimate amount or timing of settlement. See Note 13(i) of our consolidated financial statements 
included elsewhere in this annual report for further information regarding our liability under ASC 740.

Other Commercial Commitments

Amount of Commitment Expiration Per Period

Total 
Amounts 
Committed

Less than 1 
year

1- 3 years

3- 5 years

More than 5 
years

Guarantees*

$ 

2,986  $ 

794  $ 

2,192  $ 

—  $ 

— 

*              Primarily in connection with office lease agreements.

Research and Development and Intellectual Property

For information on our research and development policies and intellectual property, please see “Research and 

Development” and “Intellectual Property” under Item 4, “Information on the Company” in this annual report.

Trend Information

For  additional  information  on  trends  in  our  industry,  please  see  Item  4,  “Information  on  the  Company—

Business Overview—Industry and Technology Trends” in this annual report.

For additional information on trends, uncertainties, demands, commitments or events that may have a material 

effect on revenue, please see Item 3, “Key Information—Risk Factors” in this annual report.

56

Item 6. 

Directors, Senior Management and Employees.

Item 6A. 

Directors and Senior Management.

The  following  tables  set  forth,  as  of  March  19,  2024,  the  name,  age  and  position  of  each  of  our  directors  and 
executive officers and, in regard to our directors, any of the committees of our board of directors on which they serve and 
whether any such director is an outside director:

Members of the Board of Directors

Name

Age

Position

David Kostman

59

Chairman of 
the Board of 
Directors

Rimon Ben-
Shaoul

79

Director

Dan Falk

79

Director

Yocheved Dvir

71

Director

Yehoshua 
Ehrlich

74

Director

Leo Apotheker

70

Director

Joe Cowan

75

Director

Zehava Simon

65

Director

Audit 
Committee 
Member

Compensation 
Committee 
Member

Internal 
Audit 
Committee 
Member

Mergers and 
Acquisitions 
Committee 
Member

Nominations 
Committee 
Member

Outside 
Director*

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

*

See Item 6C., “Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Board Practices— Outside Directors.”

57

Members of Management

Name

Barak Eilam

Beth Gaspich

Barry Cooper

Craig Costigan

Yaron Hertz 

Darren Rushworth

Awan Roy

Shiri Neder

Tali Mirsky

Gil Vassoly

Age
48

58

53

63

53

56

53

48

51

50

Position

Chief Executive Officer

Chief Financial Officer

President, CX

Chief Executive Officer, NICE Actimize

President, NICE Americas 

President, CE International

Vice President, Head of NICE India

Executive Vice President, Human Resources

Corporate  Vice  President,  General  Counsel  and  Corporate 
Secretary

Vice President, Corporate Finance 

David Kostman has served as one of our directors since 2001 (with the exception of the period between June 2007 
and July 2008), and as our Chairman of the Board since February 2013. Mr. Kostman is currently co-CEO and board member 
of publicly traded Outbrain, Inc. and serves on the board of directors of publicly traded Unity Inc. and privately held Tivit 
S.A. Mr. Kostman is also a former board member of publicly traded Retalix Ltd. (acquired by NCR). From 2006 until 2008, 
Mr. Kostman was a Managing Director in the investment banking division of Lehman Brothers, heading the Global Internet 
Group.  From  April  2003  until  July  2006,  Mr.  Kostman  was  Chief  Operating  Officer  and  then  Chief  Executive  Officer  of 
Delta  Galil  USA,  a  subsidiary  of  publicly  traded  Delta  Galil  Industries  Ltd.  From  2000  until  2002,  Mr.  Kostman  was 
President  of  the  International  Division  and  Chief  Operating  Officer  of  publicly  traded  VerticalNet  Inc.  Prior  to  that  Mr. 
Kostman worked in the investment banking divisions of Lehman Brothers from 1994 to 2000, focusing on the technology and 
Internet sectors, and NM Rothschild & Sons from 1992 to 1993, focusing on mergers and acquisitions and privatizations. Mr. 
Kostman holds a Bachelor’s degree in Law from Tel Aviv University and a Master’s degree in Business Administration from 
INSEAD.

58

Rimon Ben-Shaoul has served as one of our directors since September 2001. Between 2001 and 2005, Mr. Ben-
Shaoul  has  served  as  Co-Chairman,  President,  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  Koonras  Technologies  Ltd.,  a  technology 
investment  company  controlled  by  LEADER  Ltd.,  an  Israeli  holding  company.  Since  2002  Mr.  Ben-Shaoul  serves  as 
Chairman  of  Grand  AutoMotive  LLP,  a  private  company.  Mr.  Ben-Shaoul  also  served  as  a  director  of  MIND  C.T.I.  Ltd., 
BVR  Systems  Ltd.  and  several  private  companies.  In  addition,  he  served  as  the  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  of 
Polar  Communications  Ltd.,  which  manages  media  and  communications  investments.  Mr.  Ben-Shaoul  also  served  as  the 
Chairman of T.A.T Technologies Ltd., a public company listed on NASDAQ and TASE. Between 1997 and 2001, Mr. Ben-
Shaoul  was  the  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  Clal  Industries  and  Investments  Ltd.,  one  of  the  largest  holding 
companies  in  Israel  with  substantial  holdings  in  the  high-tech  industry.  During  that  time,  Mr.  Ben-Shaoul  also  served  as 
Chairman of the Board of Directors of Clal Electronics Industries Ltd., Scitex Corporation Ltd., and various other companies 
within the Clal Group. Mr. Ben-Shaoul also served as a director of ECI Telecom Ltd., Fundtech Ltd., Creo Products, Inc. and 
Nova Measuring Instruments Ltd. From 1985 to 1997, Mr. Ben-Shaoul was President and Chief Executive Officer of Clal 
Insurance  Company  Ltd.  and  a  director  of  the  company  and  its  various  subsidiaries.  Mr.  Ben-Shaoul  holds  a  Bachelor’s 
degree in Economics and Statistics and a Master’s degree in Business Administration, both from Tel-Aviv University.

Dan Falk has served as one of our outside directors since 2001. Mr. Falk is currently a board member and the Chair 
of the audit committee of each of Innoviz Technologies Ltd. and Evogene Ltd. Mr. Falk also served on the board of directors 
of each of Attunity Ltd. and Orbotech Ltd. and until recently also served on the board of directors of Ormat Technologies Inc. 
From  1999  to  2000,  Mr.  Falk  was  President  and  Chief  Operating  Officer  of  Sapiens  International  Corporation  N.V.  From 
1985  to  1999,  Mr.  Falk  served  in  various  positions  in  Orbotech  Ltd.,  the  last  of  which  was  Chief  Financial  Officer  and 
Executive Vice President. From 1973 to 1985, he served in several executive positions in the Israel Discount Bank.  Mr. Falk 
holds a Bachelor’s degree in Economics and Political Science and a Master’s degree in Business Administration, both from 
the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

Yocheved Dvir has served as one of our outside directors since January 2008. Since 2000, Ms. Dvir has served as a 
strategic advisor in business development affairs to multiple companies and initiatives. Ms. Dvir also serves on the board of 
directors of Menorah Insurance Company. She previously served on the board of directors of Xenia Venture Capital, Endey 
Med,  Alrov  Real  Estate,  Visa  Cal,  Trendline  Business  Information  &  Communications  Ltd.,  Israel  Corporation  Ltd.,  ECI 
Telecom Ltd., Strauss Industries Ltd., Phoenix Holding and Phoenix Insurance Co. Between 1990 and 2000, Ms. Dvir served 
as  a  Senior  Vice  President  of  the  Migdal  Group.  Ms.  Dvir  joined  the  Migdal  Group  in  1981  and,  until  late  2000,  held  a 
number  of  senior  financial  and  managerial  positions,  including  Head  of  the  Group’s  Economics  Department  (1986-1988), 
Head of the Group’s Corporate Office from 1989 to 1992, Head of the Group’s General Insurance Division and Corporate 
Office  from  1993  to  1997,  Group  CFO  from  1997  to  1999,  and  Head  of  the  Group’s  Strategic  Development  Division  and 
Marketing  Array  and  Risk  Manager  in  2000.  Ms.  Dvir  holds  a  Bachelor’s  degree  in  Economics  and  Statistics  from  the 
University of Haifa and completed studies towards a second degree in Statistics from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

Yehoshua (Shuki) Ehrlich has served as one of our directors since September 2012. Mr. Ehrlich is an active social 
investor, serving as Chairman of “Committed to Give”, a group formed by Israeli social investors for promoting philanthropy 
in Israel and several other social organizations. Mr. Ehrlich also serves as a board member of the American Joint Distribution 
Committee and a board member of AfterDox, an angels’ investment group. Between the years 2000 and 2010, Mr. Ehrlich 
served  as  Managing  Director  at  Giza  Venture  Capital,  where  he  focused  on  the  communications,  enterprise  software  and 
information technology sectors. Additionally, Mr. Ehrlich had a fifteen-year career with Amdocs, a public software company 
specializing in billing, CRM, order management systems for telecommunications and Internet service providers. In his last 
role  at  Amdocs,  Mr.  Ehrlich  served  as  Senior  Vice  President  of  Business  Development.  Mr.  Ehrlich  holds  a  Bachelor  of 
Science in Mathematics and Computer Science from Tel Aviv University.

Leo Apotheker has served as one of our directors since August 2013. Mr. Apotheker is currently chairman of the 
board of Syncron AB, Harvest and Eudonet, and a member of the board of Schneider SE and MercuryGate. Mr. Apotheker 
was the Co-Chief Executive Officer of Burgundy Technology Acquisition Corp until recently and from 2012 to 2014, he was 
the  Managing  Partner  and  co-founder  of  Efficiency  Capital  SAS,  a  growth  capital  advisory  firm.  From  2010  to  2011,  Mr. 
Apotheker served as Chief Executive Officer of Hewlett Packard. From 2008 to 2010, he served as Chief Executive Officer 
of SAP AG. Mr. Apotheker also previously served as the chairman of the board of Unit4, a leading Dutch software company 
and a member of the board of Taulia Inc. Mr. Apotheker holds a Bachelor’s degree in Economics and International Relations 
from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

59

Joe  Cowan  has  served  as  one  of  our  directors  since  August  2013.  Mr.  Cowan  is  currently  a  director  of  Auburn 
University  Foundation,  StartProto  and  MachineMetrics,  private  entities.  Until  recently,  Mr.  Cowan  served  as  a  director  of 
Drishti Technologies Inc, ChannelAdvisor Inc and SAI Global. From 2013 until 2017, Mr. Cowan was the CEO and director 
of  Epicor.  During  2013,  Mr.  Cowan  also  served  as  President  of  DataDirect  Networks,  Inc.  He  also  served  as  a  director  of 
DataDirect Networks, Inc. between 2011 and 2013. From 2010 until 2013, Mr. Cowan served as the Chief Executive Officer 
and President of Online Resources Corp. During 2009, he served as an Operating Executive and Consultant at Vector Capital. 
From 2007 to 2009, Mr. Cowan served as the Chief Executive Officer of Interwoven Inc. From 2004 to 2006, Mr. Cowan 
served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of Manugistics Inc. and Manugistics Group Inc. Prior to that, Mr. Cowan 
served in various senior executive positions, including as the Chief Operating Officer of Baan Co. NV and Avantis GOB NV. 
Mr. Cowan has also served on the board of directors of Blackboard Inc., as well as several private companies. Mr. Cowan 
holds  an  M.S.  degree  in  Electrical  Engineering  from  Arizona  State  University  and  holds  a  B.S.  degree  in  Electrical 
Engineering from Auburn University.

Zehava Simon has served as one of our outside directors since July 2015. Ms. Simon served as a Vice President of 
BMC Software Inc. from 2000 until 2013, most recently as Vice President of Corporate Development. From 2002 to 2011, 
Ms.  Simon  also  served  as  Vice  President  and  General  Manager  of  BMC  Software  in  Israel.  Prior  to  that,  Ms.  Simon  held 
various positions at Intel Israel, which she joined in 1982, including acting as leader of Finance and Operations and Business 
Development for Intel in Israel. Ms. Simon is currently a board member of Audiocodes Ltd. and Nova Measurements, both 
public companies traded on NASDAQ and TASE. Ms. Simon is a former member of the board of directors of Insightec Ltd., 
M-Systems  Ltd.  (acquired  by  SanDisk  Corp.),  Tower  Semiconductor  Ltd.  and  Amiad  Water  Systems,  a  public  company 
traded on the London Stock Exchange. Ms. Simon holds a B.A. in Social Sciences from the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, a 
law  degree  (LL.B.)  from  the  Interdisciplinary  Center  in  Herzliya  and  an  M.A.  in  Business  and  Management  from  Boston 
University.

Barak  Eilam  has  served  as  Chief  Executive  Officer  since  April  2014.  In  his  previous  position  with  NICE,  Mr. 
Eilam was President of our American division from July 2012 to March 2014. Prior to that, Mr. Eilam was the head of sales 
and the general manager of the Enterprise Group in the Americas. From 2007 to 2009, Mr. Eilam founded and served as the 
general manager of the NICE Interaction Analytics Global Business Unit. Mr. Eilam has also served in a variety of executive 
positions  within  NICE,  managing  different  aspects  of  the  business  in  product  development,  sales  and  product 
management.  Before  joining  NICE  in  1999,  Mr.  Eilam  was  an  officer  for  an  elite  intelligence  unit  in  the  Israeli  defense 
forces. Mr. Eilam holds a Bachelor’s degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from Tel Aviv University.

Beth Gaspich has served as our Chief Financial Officer since October 2016. Ms. Gaspich joined NICE as CFO of 
the  Financial  Crime  and  Compliance  division  NICE  Actimize  in  September  2011,  where  she  was  responsible  for  finance, 
legal and business operations. Prior to joining NICE, she was Chief Financial Officer for Archive Systems, Inc., a privately 
held document management software provider. She also served as Vice President of Finance at RiskMetrics Group, Inc., a 
cloud-based risk management software company. Ms. Gaspich was one of the founding members of RiskMetrics Group and 
assisted in taking the company through a successful public offering on the NYSE in January 2008. Prior to that, Ms. Gaspich 
held several other senior positions throughout her career at large global financial institutions, including JP Morgan and Price 
Waterhouse. Ms. Gaspich holds a B.A. in Accounting from the University of Missouri.

Barry  Cooper  has  been  with  NICE  since  March  2011  and  serves  as  our  President,  CX  since  October  2022. 
Previously he served as our President, WCX - Workforce Engagement & Customer Experience from January 2019, and from 
May 2016 until December 2018, he served as Chief Operating Officer (COO). Prior to serving as COO, Mr. Cooper served as 
Vice  President,  Business  Operations  for  NICE  APAC  from  March  2011  until  June  2013,  and  as  of  July  2013  and  until 
assuming the role of COO, he served as Executive Vice President, Professional Services and Cloud. Prior to joining NICE, 
Mr. Cooper was a Management Consultant at Accenture; the Head of Customer Service, IT and Billing at Time Telekom, 
Malaysia; and Vice President of Professional Services, APAC for CSG Systems, later Comverse. Mr. Cooper holds a First 
Class Bachelor of Computer Science and Mathematics with Honors from Salford University in the United Kingdom.

Craig  Costigan  has  served  as  NICE  Actimize  CEO  since  November  2018.  From  2016  to  2018,  he  served  as 
President  of  Capital  Markets  &  Credit  at  Fidelity  National  Information  Services  Inc.  (FIS),  where  he  managed  a  team  of 
approximately 4,000 staff worldwide, overseeing risk, compliance, credit, security finance, securities processing and market 
data  solutions  and  services  for  over  2,000  banks,  broker  dealers,  investment  firms,  hedge  funds,  insurance  companies  and 
clients in the financial market. Prior to that, Mr. Costigan served as President of the Risk, Compliance and Global Securities 
Business at SunGard. Mr. Costigan holds a BS in Economics from Northeastern University.

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Yaron Hertz has served as our President, NICE Americas since 2017. Mr. Hertz joined NICE in 2007 as part of the 
Actimize acquisition by NICE. Prior to his current position, Mr. Hertz served as the head of sales for NICE Actimize in the 
Americas. Prior to joining Actimize, Mr Hertz severed as Head of Partner and Channel development for RSA Security. In 
addition, Mr. Hertz has extensive experience in senior leadership position, and he served as VP of Business Development in 
Cyota. Mr. Hertz is a former attorney and holds an LLB from the University of Northumbria in Newcastle, England.

Darren Rushworth has been with NICE since 2017 and serves as our President, CE International since April 2022. 
Previously he served as President of NICE APAC. Mr. Rushworth’s career spans over 30 years in the IT industry of which 
the  past  21  years  have  been  in  the  Asia  Pacific  Region.  Prior  to  joining  NICE,  Mr.  Rushworth  held  the  role  of  Managing 
Director of Singapore for SAP Asia Pacific and he also led SAP’s Philippine and Emerging Market operations. Prior to that, 
Mr. Rushworth held multiple leadership roles at Oracle including VP Applications Sales APAC, VP Channels and VP Oracle 
Direct APAC.

Awan Roy has served as our Vice President, Head of NICE India GTC since March 2021. From 2007 to 2020 Mr. 
Roy  served  as  Sr  Director,  R&D  and  India  Site  Head  at  Varian  Medical  Systems  where  he  established  the  India  center, 
growing it into a global Center of Excellence for Infrastructure and Informatics software. Prior to that, Mr. Roy served as Sr 
Manager at Siemens Healthineers where he led the development of several medical software products and platforms. Mr. Roy 
holds a Bachelor's degree in Computer Science from the University of Delhi and a Masters' degree in Computer Science from 
Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya.

Shiri  Neder  has  served  as  our  Executive  Vice  President,  Human  Resource  since  February  2018.  Prior  to  joining 
NICE, Ms. Neder was the Corporate Vice President, Head of Human Resources at Nova Measuring Instruments. Prior to that, 
Ms. Neder worked at Amdocs as Vice President, Human Resources for the Product and Delivery organizations and served as 
head  of  Amdocs’  Talent  Development  organization.  In  addition,  Ms.  Neder  has  held  positions  at  Microsoft  where  she 
established the Human Resources function for the Telecom division as well as served as Regional Senior Human Resources 
Manager for the EMEA region. Ms. Neder holds a B.A. in Social Science and an M.A. in Law from Bar Ilan University.

Tali  Mirsky  has  served  as  our  Corporate  Vice  President,  General  Counsel  and  Corporate  Secretary  since  March 
2018. From 2010 to early 2018, she served as Global Vice President of Legal Affairs and Corporate Secretary at Frutarom 
Industries Ltd., where she led the company’s M&A transactions in addition to managing the company’s legal department and 
handling  all  legal  matters  and  corporate  and  securities  related  items.  Prior  to  that,  Ms.  Mirsky  served  as  Vice  President, 
General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of Alvarion, led Business and Legal Affairs at Nicast and Midbar Tech and was an 
associate  with  Naschitz  Brandes  &  Co  law  office.  She  holds  an  LL.B.  in  Law  and  Business  Administration  from  IDC, 
Herzliya and is admitted to practice law in Israel.

Gil  Vassoly  has  served  as  our  Vice  President,  Corporate  Finance  since  August  2022.  Between  2019  and  August 
2022, Mr. Vassoly served as Vice President Finance and Operations for KLA Ltd., where he led the Electronics, Packaging 
and Components Finance Organization and the Orbotech integration, and in early 2019 he served as Chief Financial Officer 
for  StoreONE.  Prior  to  that,  between  2015  and  2019,  Mr.  Vassoly  served  as  Executive  Vice  President,  Chief  Operating 
Officer and Chief Financial Officer for Gibbs International Inc., where he led the finance and operations activity. In addition, 
Mr. Vassoly held positions at The Gores Group and PwC in Israel, as an Audit Manager. Mr. Vassoly is a Certified Public 
Accountant (CPA) and holds a BA in Accounting from the College of Management. 

There are no family relationships between any of the directors or executive officers named above.

Item 6B. 

Compensation.

(a) Aggregate Executive Compensation

The  aggregate  compensation  paid  to  our  directors  and  executive  officers  as  a  group  of  19  persons  for  2023 
(including compensation accrued for such year) consisted of approximately $8.7 million in salary, fees, bonus, commissions 
and directors’ fees and approximately $1 million in amounts set aside or accrued to provide pension, severance, retirement or 
similar  benefits  or  expenses,  but  excluding  amounts  expended  for  business  travel,  relocation,  professional  and  business 
association dues and expenses reimbursed to our directors and executive officers. 

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        Our compensation policy for our executive management team, as approved by our shareholders, following the 
recommendation of our compensation committee and approval by our Board of Directors (as amended, the “Compensation 
Policy”), is annually reviewed and approved by our Board of Directors, as is any bonus payment made under the policy. 

We  have  a  performance-based  bonus  plan  for  our  executive  management  team.  The  plan  is  based  on  our  overall 
performance, the particular unit performance and individual performance. The measurements can change from year to year, 
based  on  a  combination  of  financial  parameters,  including  revenues,  booking  and  operating  income  as  well  as  other  non-
financial  parameters,  such  as  customer  satisfaction  and  others.  The  plan  is  reviewed  and  approved  by  our  compensation 
committee and Board of Directors annually, as is any bonus payment under the plan.

During 2023, our officers and directors received, in the aggregate, (i) options to purchase 72,615 ordinary shares, 
which include 50,676 options with an exercise price equal to the par value of the ordinary shares (the “par value options”), 
and  (ii)  185,343  restricted  share  units,  under  our  equity-based  compensation  plans.  The  options  (other  than  the  par  value 
options) have a weighted average price of $206.5 and all options will expire six years after the date of grant. The restricted 
shares units are granted at par value of the ordinary shares.

Pursuant  to  the  requirements  of  the  Israeli  Companies  Law,  5759–1999  (the  “Israeli  Companies  Law”), 
remuneration  of  our  directors  requires  shareholder  approval.  Compensation  and  reimbursement  for  outside  directors  (as 
described  below)  is  statutorily  determined  pursuant  to  the  Israeli  Companies  Law.  Effective  as  of  July  1,  2015,  our 
shareholders approved the payment to each of our non-executive directors, including outside directors, of an annual fee of 
$40,000 and a meeting attendance fee of $1,500 for each Board meeting attended (whether in person or through media), and 
$1,000 for each Board committee meeting attended (whether in person or through media) (in each case paid in U.S. dollars or 
in NIS based on the exchange rate on July 1, 2015), subject to additional value added tax, as applicable.

In addition, our shareholders approved a special annual cash fee for the Chairman of the Board in the amount of NIS 
450,000  (equivalent  to  approximately  $124,000).  The  special  annual  fee  is  subject  to  adjustment  for  changes  in  the  Israeli 
consumer price index after September 2012. At the Company’s 2023 annual general meeting, following the recommendation 
of  our  compensation  committee  and  approval  by  our  Board  of  Directors,  our  shareholders  reapproved  our  Compensation 
Policy, as further discussed below in Item 10, “Additional Information. – Approval of Office Holder Compensation” in this 
annual report.

(b) Individual Compensation of Covered Executives

The following describes the compensation of our five most highly compensated executive officers in 2023, based on 
the  total  of  salary  costs,  bonus  cost  and  equity  costs  for  equity  granted  and  expensed  by  the  Company  in  2023  (“Covered 
Executives”).

The compensation specified below is broken down into the following components (all amounts specified below are 
in terms of cost to the Company, as recorded in our financial statements, and U.S. dollar amounts indicated for Salary, Bonus 
Costs and Equity Costs are in thousands of dollars):

(1)

(2)

(3)

Salary Costs. Salary Costs include gross salary, benefits and perquisites, including those mandated by 
applicable law which may include, to the extent applicable to each Covered Executive, payments, 
contributions and/or allocations for pension, severance, vacation, travel and accommodation, car or car 
allowance, medical insurances and risk insurances (e.g., life, disability, accidents), phone, convalescence 
pay, relocation, payments for social security, and other benefits consistent with the Company’s guidelines.

Bonus Costs. Bonus Costs represent bonuses granted to the Covered Executive with respect to the year 
ended December 31, 2023, paid in accordance with the Company’s performance-based bonus plan or as 
detailed below.

Equity Costs. Represents the expense recorded in our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 
2023, with respect to equity granted in 2023 and in previous years (if applicable). For assumptions and key 
variables used in the calculation of such amounts, see Note 14b of our audited consolidated financial 

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statements.

i.

ii.

iii.

iv.

v.

Barak Eilam – CEO. Salary Costs - $1,042; Bonus Costs - $1,125; Equity Costs - $6,697 expense 
recorded  in  2023  for  equity  granted  in  2023;  and  $15,627  expense  recorded  in  2023  for  equity 
granted in previous years.

Barry Cooper – President, CX. Salary Costs - $532; Bonus Costs - $533; Equity Costs - $3,729 
expense  recorded  in  2023  for  equity  granted  in  2023  and  $4,194  expense  recorded  in  2023  for 
equity granted in previous years.

Yaron Hertz – President, NICE Americas. Salary Costs - $510; Bonus Costs - $401; Equity Costs - 
$3,263 expense recorded in 2023 for equity granted in 2023 and $3,595 expense recorded in 2023 
for equity granted in previous years.

Darren  Rushworth–  President,  CE  International.  Salary  Costs  -  $801;  Bonus  Costs  $418;  Equity 
Costs - $1,808 expense recorded in 2023 for equity granted in 2023 and $2,272 expense recorded 
in 2023 for equity granted in previous years.

Craig Costigan – CEO, NICE Actimize. Salary Costs - $495; Bonus Costs - $526; Equity Costs - 
$1,866 expense recorded in 2023 for equity granted in 2023 and $2,273 expense recorded in 2023 
for equity granted in previous years.

Item 6C. 

Board Practices

Corporate Governance Practices

We are incorporated in Israel and therefore are subject to various corporate governance practices under the Israeli 
Companies Law, relating to such matters as outside directors, the internal audit committee, the internal auditor and approvals 
of  interested  party  transactions.  These  matters  are  in  addition  to  the  ongoing  listing  conditions  of  the  NASDAQ  and  other 
relevant provisions of U.S. securities laws. Under applicable NASDAQ rules, a foreign private issuer may generally follow 
its home country rules of corporate governance in lieu of comparable NASDAQ requirements, except for certain matters such 
as composition and responsibilities of the audit committee and the independence of its members. For further information, see 
Item 16G, “Corporate Governance” of this annual report.

General Board Practices

Our articles of association provide that the number of directors serving on the Board shall be not less than three but 
shall not exceed thirteen. Our directors, other than outside directors, are elected at the annual shareholders meeting to serve 
until the next annual meeting or until their earlier resignation, death, bankruptcy, incapacity or removal by an extraordinary 
resolution of the general shareholders meeting. Directors may be re-elected at each annual shareholders’ meeting. The Board 
may  appoint  additional  directors  (whether  to  fill  a  vacancy  or  create  new  directorships)  to  serve  until  the  next  annual 
shareholders meeting, provided, however, that the Board shall have no obligation to fill any vacancy unless the number of 
directors is less than three.

The  Board  may,  subject  to  the  provisions  of  the  Israeli  Companies  Law,  appoint  a  committee  of  the  Board  and 
delegate to such committee all or any of the powers of the Board, as it deems appropriate. Notwithstanding the foregoing and 
subject to the provisions of the Israeli Companies law, the Board may, at any time, amend, restate or cancel the delegation of 
any of its powers to any of its committees. The Board has appointed an internal audit committee under the Israeli Companies 
Law that has three members, an audit committee that has five members, a compensation committee that has five members, a 
nominations committee that has two members and a mergers and acquisitions committee that has six members. In addition, 
from  time  to  time  the  Board  may  appoint  an  ad  hoc  committee  for  certain  purposes,  such  as  the  review,  negotiation  and 
recommendation  of  approval  of  M&A  transactions.  We  do  not  have,  nor  do  our  subsidiaries  have,  any  service  contracts 
granting to the directors any benefits upon termination of their service as Board members.

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Outside Directors

Except as discussed below, under the Israeli Companies Law companies incorporated under the laws of Israel whose 
shares have been offered to the public in or outside of Israel are required to appoint at least two “outside” directors. Pursuant 
to regulations under the Israeli Companies Law that took effect in April 2016, a NASDAQ-listed company that does not have 
a controlling shareholder is entitled to opt out of the provisions of the Israeli Companies Law requiring at least two outside 
directors and certain related requirements, so long as the company complies with the SEC regulations and NASDAQ listing 
rules regarding independent directors and the composition of the audit and compensation committees. In December 2016, our 
shareholders approved amendments to our articles of association, pursuant to which our Board of Directors may elect to opt 
out  of  such  requirements  for  appointment  of  outside  directors  (together  the  “2016  Relief  Amendments”).  At  this  time,  our 
Board of Directors has not made an election to opt out of such requirements.

Outside directors are required to possess professional qualifications as set out in regulations promulgated under the 
Israeli Companies Law. The Israeli Companies Law provides that a person may not be appointed as an outside director if (i) 
such person or person’s relative or affiliate has, at the date of appointment, or had at any time during the two years preceding 
such  date,  any  affiliation  with  the  company,  a  controlling  shareholder  thereof  or  their  respective  affiliates;  or  (ii)  in  a 
company  that  does  not  have  a  25%  shareholder,  such  person  has  an  affiliation  with  any  person  who,  at  the  time  of 
appointment, is the chairman, the chief executive officer, the chief financial officer or a 5% shareholder of the company. In 
general, the term “affiliation” includes: an employment relationship; a business or professional relationship maintained on a 
regular basis; control; and service as an office holder.

No person may serve as an outside director if the person’s position or other activities create or may create a conflict 
of interest with the person’s responsibilities as an outside director or may otherwise interfere with the person’s ability to serve 
as an outside director. Until the lapse of two years from termination of office, a company or its controlling shareholder may 
not give any direct or indirect benefit to the former outside director.

Outside directors are to be elected by a majority vote at a shareholders’ meeting, provided that either:

•

•

the majority of shares voted at the meeting shall include at least a majority of the shares of non-controlling 
shareholders present at the meeting and voting on the matter (without taking into account the votes of the 
abstaining shareholders); or

the total number of shares of non-controlling shareholders voted against the election of the outside directors 
does not exceed two percent of the aggregate voting rights in the company.

The initial term of an outside director is three years and may be extended for up to two additional three-year terms. 
Thereafter, he or she may be reelected by our shareholders for additional periods of up to three years each only if the internal 
audit committee and the Board of Directors confirm that, in light of the outside director’s expertise and special contribution to 
the work of the Board of Directors and its committees, the reelection for such additional period is beneficial to the company. 
Reelection  of  an  outside  director  may  be  effected  through  one  of  the  following  mechanisms:  (1)  the  Board  of  Directors 
proposed the reelection of the nominee and the election was approved by the shareholders in the same manner required to 
appoint outside directors for their initial term; or (2) one or more shareholders holding one percent or more of a company’s 
voting rights or the outside director proposed the reelection of the nominee, and the reelection is approved by a majority of 
the  votes  cast  by  the  shareholders  of  the  company,  excluding  the  votes  of  controlling  shareholders  and  those  who  have  a 
personal interest in the matter as a result of their relations with the controlling shareholders, provided that the aggregate votes 
cast in favor of the reelection by such non-excluded shareholders constitute more than two percent of the voting rights in the 
company.  An  outside  director  may  be  removed  only  in  a  general  meeting,  by  the  same  percentage  of  shareholders  as  is 
required  for  electing  an  outside  director,  or  by  a  court,  and  in  both  cases  only  if  the  outside  director  ceases  to  meet  the 
statutory qualifications for appointment or if he or she has violated the duty of loyalty to us. Unless we actually adopt the 
applicable relief provided under the 2016 Relief Amendments, each committee of the Company’s Board of Directors which is 
empowered to exercise any of the Board’s powers is required to include at least one outside director, provided that each of the 
internal audit committee and compensation committee must include all of the outside directors. At this time, our Board of 
Directors has not made an election to opt out of such requirements.

An outside director is entitled to compensation as provided in regulations adopted under the Israeli Companies Law 
and is otherwise prohibited from receiving any other compensation, directly or indirectly, from the company. In accordance 
with such regulations, our shareholders approved that our outside directors are to receive compensation equal to that paid to 

64

the other members of the Board of Directors. For further information, please see Item 6, “Directors, Senior Management and 
Employees—Compensation” in this annual report.

Financial and Accounting Expertise

Pursuant to the Israeli Companies Law, our Board of Directors has determined that at least one member of our Board 
of Directors must be an “accounting and financial expert.” The Israeli Companies Law requires that all outside directors must 
be  “professionally  qualified.”  Under  applicable  NASDAQ  rules,  each  member  of  our  audit  committee  must  be  financially 
literate  and  at  least  one  of  the  members  must  have  experience  or  background  that  results  in  such  member’s  financial 
sophistication.  Our  Board  of  Directors  has  determined  that  each  of  Dan  Falk  and  Yocheved  Dvir  is  an  “accounting  and 
financial  expert”  for  purposes  of  the  Israeli  Companies  Law  and  is  financially  sophisticated  for  purposes  of  applicable 
NASDAQ rules. See also Item 16A, “Audit Committee Financial Expert” in this annual report.

Independent Directors

Under  the  rules  of  the  NASDAQ,  a  majority  of  our  directors  are  required  to  be  “independent”  as  defined  in 

applicable NASDAQ rules. All of our directors satisfy the respective independence requirements of NASDAQ.

In addition, our Articles of Association provide that, if we do not have a shareholder that holds 25% or more of our 
issued and outstanding share capital, a majority of the directors must be “independent” as defined in the Israeli Companies 
Law  and  the  regulations  promulgated  thereunder.  If  we  have  a  shareholder  that  holds  25%  or  more  of  our  issued  and 
outstanding  share  capital,  then  at  least  one  third  of  the  directors  must  be  “independent.”  All  of  our  directors  satisfy  the 
respective independence requirements of the Israeli Companies Law. The qualifications for independent directors under the 
Israeli Companies Law are similar to those for outside directors, as described above under “Outside Directors”, including the 
nine-year term limit and the ability to extend such term beyond nine years upon the approval of our internal audit committee 
and Board of Directors.

Internal Audit Committee

The  Israeli  Companies  Law  requires  public  companies  to  appoint  an  internal  audit  committee.  The  role  of  the 
internal audit committee under the Israeli Companies Law is to examine flaws in the management of the company’s business 
in consultation with the internal auditors and the independent accountants, and to propose remedial measures to the Board. 
The internal audit committee also reviews interested party transactions for approval as required by law, including approval of 
the remuneration of a director in any capacity, which also requires Board, compensation committee and shareholder approval. 
The internal audit committee also assesses our internal audit system and the performance of our internal auditor and oversees 
the  implementation  and  enforcement  of  our  compliance  program.  Under  the  Israeli  Companies  Law,  an  internal  audit 
committee must consist of at least three directors, including all of the outside directors. The members of the internal audit 
committee  must  satisfy  certain  independence  standards  under  the  Israeli  Companies  Law,  and  the  chairman  of  the  internal 
audit committee must be an outside director. The following may not serve as members of the internal audit committee: the 
chairman of the Board of Directors, any director employed by the company or by its controlling shareholder or by an entity 
controlled  by  the  controlling  shareholder,  a  director  who  regularly  provides  services  to  the  company  or  to  its  controlling 
shareholder, any director who derives most of its income from the controlling shareholder and a controlling shareholder or 
any relative of a controlling shareholder. Pursuant to the 2016 Relief Amendments, the Company may elect to opt out of the 
composition and attendance rules set with respect to the internal audit committee under the Israeli Companies Law, so long as 
the Company complies with the SEC regulations and NASDAQ listing rules regarding the composition and attendance rules 
in that respect. At this time, our Board of Directors has not made an election to opt out of such requirements.

All  of  the  current  members  of  our  internal  audit  committee  (presently  comprised  of  Yocheved  Dvir  (Chair),  Dan 

Falk and Zehava Simon) meet these qualifications.

Internal Auditor

Under the Israeli Companies Law, the Board of Directors must appoint an internal auditor, proposed by the internal 
audit  committee.  The  role  of  the  internal  auditor  is  to  examine,  among  other  matters,  whether  the  company’s  activities 
comply  with  the  law  and  orderly  business  procedures.  Under  the  Israeli  Companies  Law,  the  internal  auditor  may  be  an 
employee of the company but may not be an interested party or office holder, or a relative of any interested party or office 

65

holder and may not be a member of the company’s independent accounting firm or its representative. We have appointed an 
internal auditor in accordance with the requirements of the Israeli Companies Law.

Audit Committee

The NASDAQ rules require that the audit committee of a listed company be composed of at least three directors, 
each of whom is (i) independent; (ii) does not receive any compensation (except for board fees) from the company; (iii) is not 
an affiliated person of the company or any subsidiary; and (iv) has not participated in the preparation of the company’s (or a 
current  subsidiary’s)  financial  statements  during  the  past  three  years.  All  of  the  current  members  of  our  audit  committee 
(presently  comprised  of  Zehava  Simon  (Chair),  Rimon  Ben-Shaoul,  Dan  Falk,  Yocheved  Dvir  and  Joe  Cowan)  meet  the 
NASDAQ standards described above.

Our  audit  committee  has  adopted  a  charter  specifying  the  committee’s  purpose  and  outlining  its  duties  and 
responsibilities  which  include,  among  other  things,  (i)  appointing,  retaining  and  compensating  the  company’s  independent 
auditor, subject to Board of Directors and shareholder approval, (ii) pre-approving all services of the independent auditor, (iii) 
reviewing  the  annual  audited  financial  statements  and  quarterly  financial  statements  and  the  content  of  our  earnings  press 
releases, and (iv) overseeing our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of our financial statements. Our 
audit committee is also authorized to act as our “qualified legal compliance committee.” As such, our audit committee will be 
responsible  for  investigating  reports  made  by  attorneys  appearing  and  practicing  before  the  SEC  in  representing  us,  of 
perceived material violations of U.S. federal or state securities laws, breaches of fiduciary duty or similar material violations 
of U.S. law by us or any of our agents.

We believe we currently meet the applicable NASDAQ requirements with respect to our Audit Committee and we 
intend  to  continue  to  take  all  actions  as  may  be  necessary  for  us  to  maintain  our  compliance  with  applicable  NASDAQ 
requirements with respect to our Audit Committee.

Compensation Committee

As required by NASDAQ rules, our compensation committee approves the compensation of our executive officers. 
The compensation committee is also authorized to approve the grant of stock options and other securities to eligible grantees 
under our benefit plans pursuant to guidelines adopted by our Board of Directors. However, grants of stock options and other 
securities  to  our  executive  officers  also  require  approval  of  our  Board  of  Directors.  Under  the  Israeli  Companies  Law,  the 
Board of Directors of a public company must establish a compensation committee. Pursuant to the 2016 Relief Amendments, 
the Company may elect to opt out of the relevant composition and attendance rules set under the Israeli Companies Law, and 
to  comply  with  the  SEC  regulations  and  NASDAQ  listing  rules  that  apply  to  the  composition  and  attendance  rules  of  a 
compensation committee. At this time, our Board of Directors has not made an election to opt out of such requirements and 
we  have  continued  to  comply  with  the  Israeli  Companies  Law  with  respect  to  the  composition  and  attendance  rules  of  a 
compensation  committee,  as  our  compensation  committee  consists  of  at  least  three  directors  who  satisfy  the  independence 
qualifications detailed above in “Internal Audit Committee”, and the chairman of the compensation committee is an outside 
director.

Under  the  Israeli  Companies  Law,  the  role  of  the  compensation  committee  is  to  recommend  to  the  Board  of 
Directors,  for  ultimate  shareholder  approval  by  a  special  majority,  a  policy  governing  the  compensation  of  office  holders 
based  on  specified  criteria,  to  review  modifications  to  the  Compensation  Policy  from  time  to  time,  to  review  its 
implementation and to approve the actual compensation terms of office holders prior to the approval thereof by the Board of 
Directors.

Pursuant to the NASDAQ rules, our compensation committee is required to consist of at least two members, with all 
members  of  the  compensation  committee  required  to  be  independent,  unless  we  elect  to  take  advantage  of  the  exemption 
provided  to  foreign  private  issuers  to  comply  with  home  country  practice  instead  of  the  listing  rules  of  exchanges  such  as 
NASDAQ. At this time, our Board of Directors has not made an election to opt out of such requirements. The determination 
of whether a director is independent takes into account all factors relevant to whether a director has a relationship with the 
Company which would be material to such director’s ability to be independent from management in connection with carrying 
out  the  duties  of  a  compensation  committee  member.  Factors  required  for  consideration  in  making  this  determination 
specifically include (i) the source of compensation of such director (including any consulting, advisory or other compensatory 
fee paid to such director) and (ii) whether such director is affiliated with the Company or one of its affiliates or subsidiaries. 
Pursuant to the NASDAQ rules, we are also required to have a compensation committee charter, which, among other things, 

66

must set forth the scope of the compensation committee’s responsibilities and how they will be carried out, as well as grant 
the compensation committee the power to retain compensation advisers following consideration of certain factors that may be 
indicative of a conflict of interest by the compensation adviser in rendering compensation advice.

Our Board of Directors adopted a compensation committee charter that includes the requirements of the NASDAQ 
rules. However, the charter provides that if there is any conflict between the responsibilities and requirements set forth therein 
and  either  the  Israeli  Companies  Law  or  the  Compensation  Policy,  the  latter  will  govern.  For  information  regarding  the 
Compensation Policy, see Item 10, “Additional Information – Memorandum and Articles of Association – Approval of Office 
Holder Compensation” in this annual report.

We do not believe that there are any existing conflicts between the compensation committee charter and either of the 
Israeli Companies Law or the Compensation Policy. However, if any such conflict should develop such that we are no longer 
in  compliance  with  the  requirements  of  the  NASDAQ  rules,  we  intend  to  utilize  the  foreign  private  issuer  exemption 
described above with respect to such requirement, and in accordance with the NASDAQ rules we will disclose the practice 
that we follow in lieu of the applicable NASDAQ requirement in our future annual reports.

All of the current members of the compensation committee (presently comprised of Dan Falk (Chairman), Yocheved 
Dvir,  Leo  Apotheker,  Zehava  Simon  and  Yehoshua  Ehrlich)  satisfy  the  respective  independence  requirements  of  both  the 
NASDAQ rules and the Israeli Companies Law.

Nominations Committee

As  required  by  NASDAQ  rules,  our  nominations  committee  recommends  candidates  for  election  to  our  Board  of 
Directors pursuant to a written charter. Both of the current members of this committee (David Kostman and Dan Falk) are 
independent directors.

Mergers and Acquisitions Committee

Our  Board  of  Directors  has  delegated  powers  with  respect  to  the  review  and  recommendation  of  mergers  and 
acquisitions  and  related  investments  and  transactions,  which  are  then  subject  to  approval  by  the  Board  of  Directors.  The 
committee also has limited authority to approve mergers and acquisitions for consideration up to a certain amount. All of the 
current  members  of  this  committee  (presently  comprised  of  David  Kostman  (Chairman),  Dan  Falk,  Rimon  Ben  Shaoul, 
Yehoshua Ehrlich, Leo Apotheker and Joe Cowan) are independent directors.

Item 6D. 

Employees.

As  of  December  31,  2023,  we  had  8,384  employees  worldwide,  which  represented  an  increase  of  approximately 

5.8% from December 31, 2022, resulting from both organic and non-organic growth.

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The following table sets forth the number of our full-time employees at the end of each of the last three fiscal years 

as well as the main category of activity and geographic location of such employees:

Category of Activity

Customer Support*

Sales and Marketing

Research and Development

General and Administrative

Total

Geographic Location

Americas

EMEA

APAC

Total

2023

3,012

1,746

2,780

846

8,384

3,674

1,526

3,184

8,384

At December 31,
2022

2,794

1,678

2,643

811

7,926

3,439

1,509

2,978

7,926

2021

2,603

1,471

2,303

725

7,102

3,112

1,480

2,510

7,102

* 

Including the number of employees designated under “Operations” in our previous annual reports.

We also utilize temporary employees in various activities. On average, we employed 35 temporary employees and 

obtained services from 1,501 consultants (not included in the numbers set forth above) during 2023. 

Our future success will depend in part upon our ability to attract and retain highly skilled and qualified personnel. 
Although  competition  for  such  personnel  is  generally  intense,  we  believe  that  adequate  personnel  resources  are  currently 
available to meet our requirements.

We  are  not  a  party  to  any  collective  bargaining  agreement  with  our  employees  or  with  any  labor  organization  in 
substantially  all  jurisdictions  where  we  operate.  However,  we  are  subject  to  certain  labor  related  statutes  and  certain 
provisions  of  collective  bargaining  agreements  between  the  Histadrut  (General  Federation  of  Labor  in  Israel)  and  the 
Coordinating Bureau of Economic Organizations (including the Industrialists’ Association of Israel) that apply to our Israeli 
employees  by  order  of  the  Israeli  Ministry  of  Labor  and  Welfare.  These  statutes  and  provisions  principally  deal  with  the 
length of the work day and the work week, minimum wages, insurance coverage of work-related accidents, determination of 
severance pay and the provisions of other employment matters. Israeli law generally requires the payment of severance pay 
by employers upon an employee’s death, retirement or termination of employment by the employer without due cause. We 
currently  fund  our  ongoing  severance  payment  obligations  in  Israel  by  making  monthly  payments  to  approved  severance 
funds or insurance policies. For more information please see Note 2p of our consolidated financial statements. In addition, 
according  to  the  National  Insurance  Law,  Israeli  employers  and  employees  are  required  to  pay  predetermined  sums  to  the 
National Insurance Institute, an organization similar to the U.S. Social Security Administration. These contributions entitle 
the employees to benefits in periods of unemployment, work injury, maternity leave, disability, reserve military service and 
bankruptcy  or  winding-up  of  the  employer  and  also  include  payments  for  national  health  insurance.  The  payments  to  the 
National Insurance Institute varies between 7.05%-19.6% of an employee’s salary (up to a certain cap as determined from 
time  to  time  by  the  law),  of  which  the  employee  contributes  approximately  3.5%-12.0%  and  the  employer  contributes 
approximately 3.55%-7.6%.

In  addition,  we  pay  severance  benefits  to  our  employees  located  elsewhere  in  accordance  with  local  laws  and 
practices  of  the  countries  in  which  they  are  employed,  including  our  U.S.  based  employees  pursuant  to  the  U.S.  Federal 
Department labor legislation and requirements and local state regulations.

Employment Agreements

We  have  employment  agreements  with  our  officers.  Pursuant  to  these  employment  agreements,  each  party  may 
terminate the employment without cause by giving a 30, 60 or 90 day prior written notice (six to twelve months in case of 

68

certain  senior  officers).  In  addition,  we  may  terminate  such  agreement  for  cause  with  no  prior  notice.  The  agreements 
generally include non-competition and non-disclosure provisions, although the enforceability of non-competition provisions 
in employment agreements may be limited under applicable law.

Item 6E. 

Share Ownership.

As of March 19, 2024, our directors and executive officers then-serving beneficially owned an aggregate of 340,737 
ordinary shares, including options and restricted share units to purchase ordinary shares that were vested on such date or that 
are scheduled to vest within 60 days thereafter, or approximately 0.5% of our outstanding ordinary shares. The options and 
restricted share units have an average exercise price of $82.09 per share and the options will expire between 2024 and 2030. 
No individual director or executive officer beneficially owns 1% or more of our outstanding ordinary shares.

The  following  is  a  description  of  each  of  our  equity  plans  under  which  awards  were  outstanding  as  of  March  19, 

2024.

2016 Share Incentive Plan

In February 2016 the Company adopted the 2016 Share Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”). The Company adopted the 
2016  Plan  to  provide  incentives  to  employees,  directors,  consultants  and/or  contractors  by  rewarding  performance  and 
encouraging behavior that will improve the Company’s profitability.

Under  the  2016  Plan,  the  Company’s  employees,  directors,  consultants  and/or  contractors  may  be  granted  any 
equity-related award, including: any type of an option to acquire the Company ordinary shares; share appreciation right; share 
and/or restricted share award (“RSA”); restricted stock unit (“RSU”) and/or other share unit; and/or other share-based award 
and/or other right or benefit under the 2016 Plan, including any such equity-related award that is a performance-based award 
(each an “Award”).

Generally,  under  the  terms  of  the  2016  Plan,  unless  determined  otherwise  by  the  administrator  of  the  2016  Plan, 
25% of an Award granted becomes exercisable on the first anniversary of the date of grant and 6.25% becomes exercisable 
once every quarter during the subsequent three years. Specifically with respect to RSUs and options granted with an exercise 
price  equal  to  the  nominal  value  of  an  ordinary  share  (“par  value  options”),  unless  determined  otherwise  by  the  Board  of 
Directors,  25%  of  the  RSUs  and  the  par  value  options  granted  become  vested  on  each  of  the  four  consecutive  annual 
anniversaries following the date of grant. Certain executive officers are entitled to acceleration of vesting of Awards in the 
event  of  a  change  of  control,  subject  to  certain  conditions.  Different  terms  related  to  vesting  of  Awards  may  apply  with 
respect to Awards granted in relation to equity grants assumed pursuant to acquisition transactions. Awards with a vesting 
period expire six years after the date of grant. The maximum number of shares that may be subject to Awards granted under 
the 2016 Plan is calculated each calendar year as 3% of the Company’s issued and outstanding share capital as of December 
31 of the preceding calendar year. Such amount is reset for each calendar year. Awards are non-transferable except by will or 
the laws of descent and distribution.

Options granted under the 2016 Plan are granted at an exercise price equal to the average of the closing prices of one 
ADR  as  quoted  on  the  NASDAQ  market  during  the  30  consecutive  calendar  days  preceding  the  date  of  grant,  unless 
determined otherwise by the administrator of the 2016 Plan (including par value options in some cases).

The Company’s Board of Directors also adopted an addendum to the 2016 Plan for Awards granted to residents of 
Israel  (the  “Addendum”)  and  resolved  to  elect  the  “Capital  Gains  Route”  (as  defined  in  Section  102(b)(2))  of  the  Israeli 
Income  Tax  Ordinance-5721-1961  (“Tax  Ordinance”)  for  the  grant  of  Awards  to  Israeli  grantees.  There  is  also  a  U.S. 
addendum under the 2016 Plan that applies to non-qualified stock options for purposes of U.S. tax laws.

The 2016 Plan is generally administered by our Board of Directors and compensation committee, which determine 
the grantees under the 2016 Plan and the number of Awards to be granted. As of March 19, 2024, options and restricted share 
units  to  purchase  2,876,265  ordinary  shares  were  outstanding  under  the  2016  Plan  at  a  weighted  average  exercise  price  of 
$9.84.

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Guardian Analytics, Inc. 2006 Stock Plan

In 2006, Guardian Analytics, Inc. (“Guardian Analytics”) adopted the Guardian Analytics, Inc. 2006 Stock Plan (the 
“Guardian  Plan”),  to  attract  and  retain  Guardian  Analytics'  employees  and  consultants  (which  includes  its  directors  and 
advisors), and to align the interests of such recipients with the interests of Guardian Analytics’ shareholders.

Pursuant  to  the  terms  of  the  Guardian  Analytics'  acquisition  agreement,  we  assumed  and  converted  Guardian 

Analytics' stock options originally granted under the Guardian Plan into stock options of NICE.

As  of  March  19,  2024,  assumed  Guardian  Analytics'  stock  options  to  purchase  2,888  shares  of  NICE  were 
outstanding under the Guardian Plan, at a weighted average exercise price of $32.26. We have registered, through the filing 
of a registration statement on Form S-8 with the SEC under the Securities Act, 5,823 ordinary shares for issuance under the 
Guardian Plan.

Nexidia Inc. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan

In  2005,  Nexidia  adopted  the  Nexidia  Inc.  2005  Stock  Incentive  Plan  (the  “Nexidia  Plan”),  to  attract  and  retain 
Nexidia’s  employees,  directors,  consultants  and  advisors  and  to  align  the  interests  of  such  recipients  with  the  interests  of 
Nexidia’s shareholders.

Pursuant to the terms of the Nexidia acquisition agreement, we assumed and converted Nexidia’s stock options and 
restricted  stock  units  originally  granted  under  the  Nexidia  Plan  into  stock  options  and  restricted  stock  units  of  NICE, 
respectively.

As  of  March  19,  2024,  assumed  Nexidia  options  to  purchase  381  shares  of  NICE  were  outstanding  under  the 
Nexidia Plan, at a weighted average exercise price of $6.84. We have registered, through the filing of a registration statement 
on Form S-8 with the SEC under the Securities Act, 173,860 ordinary shares for issuance under the Nexidia Plan.

inContact, Inc. 2008 Equity Incentive Plan

In  2008,  inContact  adopted  the  inContact,  Inc.  2008  Equity  Incentive  Plan,  as  subsequently  amended  in  June  14, 
2012  (as  amended,  the  “inContact  Plan”)  to  enhance  inContact’s  ability  to  attract  and  retain  those  employees,  officers, 
directors and consultants who are expected to make important contributions to inContact and any of its subsidiaries and to 
align the interests of such recipients with the interests of inContact’s shareholders.

Pursuant to the terms of the inContact acquisition agreement, we assumed and converted inContact’s stock options, 
restricted  stock  awards  and  restricted  stock  units  originally  granted  under  the  inContact  Plan  into  stock  options,  restricted 
stock awards and restricted stock units of NICE, respectively.

As of March 19, 2024, assumed inContact options and restricted share units to purchase 1,037 shares of NICE were 
outstanding under the inContact Plan, at a weighted average exercise price of $42.04. We have registered, through the filing 
of a registration statement on Form S-8 with the SEC under the Securities Act, 476,114 ordinary shares for issuance under the 
inContact Plan.

Item 6F.  

Disclosure of a registrant’s action to recover erroneously awarded compensation.

Not applicable. 

70

Item 7. 

Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions

Major Shareholders

The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our ordinary shares, 
with  respect  to  each  person  known  to  us  to  be  the  beneficial  owner  of  5%  or  more  of  our  outstanding  ordinary  shares, 
reported as of March 19, 2024. None of our shareholders has any different voting rights than any other shareholder.

Name and Address

Capital Research Global Investors

BlackRock, Inc.

Number of 
Shares

  4,980,331  (2)

  3,226,820  (3)

Percent of 
Shares
Beneficially 
Owned (1)

 7.9 %

 5.1 %

(1)

(2)

(3)

Based upon 63,058,665 ordinary shares issued and outstanding as of March 19, 2024.

The information is based upon Amendment No. 4 to Schedule 13G filed with the SEC by Capital Research Global 
Investors (“CRGI”) on February 9, 2024.

The  information  is  based  upon  Amendment  No.  2  to  Schedule  13G  filed  with  the  SEC  by  BlackRock,  Inc.  on 
February 1, 2023.

On February 9, 2024, FMR LLC filed Amendment No. 1 to Schedule 13G with the SEC reporting that they are no 

longer a beneficial owner of 5% or more of our outstanding ordinary shares. 

As  of  March  19,  2024,  we  had  42  registered  ADS  holders  of  record  in  the  United  States,  with  our  ADS  holders 
holding  in  total  approximately  61%  of  our  outstanding  ordinary  shares,  as  reported  by  JPMorgan  Chase  Bank,  N.A.,  the 
depositary for our ADSs.

To our knowledge, we are not directly or indirectly owned or controlled by another corporation or by any foreign 

government and there are no arrangements that might result in a change in control of our company.

Related Party Transactions

None.

Item 8. 

Financial Information.

A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information

See Item 18, “Financial Statements” in this annual report.

Legal Proceedings

From  time  to  time,  we  or  our  subsidiaries  may  be  involved  in  legal  proceedings  and/or  litigation  arising  in  the 
ordinary course of our business. While the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe 
they, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material effect on our business, consolidated financial position, results of 
operations, or cash flows.

Dividends

We do not have any plans at this time to make any future dividend payments. Payment of future dividends, if any, 
will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on various factors, such as our statutory profits, financial 
condition, operating results and current and anticipated cash needs. In the event cash dividends are declared by us, we may 

71

decide to pay such dividends in Israeli currency. Under current Israeli regulations, any cash dividend in Israeli currency paid 
in respect of ordinary shares purchased by non-residents of Israel with non-Israeli currency may be freely repatriated in such 
non-Israeli currency, at the rate of exchange prevailing at the time of conversion. For more information regarding the taxation 
implications of the dividend plan, see Item 10, "Additional Information - Taxation” of this annual report.

B. Significant Changes

There are no significant changes that occurred since December 31, 2023, except as otherwise disclosed in this 

annual report and in the annual consolidated financial statements included in this annual report. In January 2024, the 2017 
Notes matured and were settled in the amount of $87.4 million.

Item 9. 

The Offer and Listing.

Trading in the ADSs

Our  ADSs  have  been  quoted  on  the  NASDAQ  Stock  Market  under  the  symbol  “NICEV”  from  our  initial  public 
offering in January 1996 until April 7, 1999, and thereafter under the symbol “NICE.” Prior to that time, there was no public 
market for our ordinary shares in the United States. Each ADS represents one ordinary share.

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. is the depositary for our ADSs. Its address is 4 New York Plaza, Floor 12, New York, 

New York 10004.

Trading in the Ordinary Shares

Our  ordinary  shares  have  been  listed  on  the  Tel-Aviv  Stock  Exchange,  or  TASE,  since  1991  under  the  symbol 
“NICE.TA.” Our ordinary shares are not listed on any other stock exchange and have not been publicly traded outside Israel 
(other than through ADSs, as noted above).

Item 10. 

Additional Information.

Memorandum and Articles of Association

Organization and Register

We  are  a  company  limited  by  shares  organized  in  the  State  of  Israel  under  the  Israeli  Companies  Law.  We  are 

registered with the Registrar of Companies of the State of Israel and have the company number 52-0036872.

Objectives and Purposes

Our  objectives  and  purposes  include  a  wide  variety  of  business  purposes,  including  all  kinds  of  research, 
development, distribution, service and maintenance of products in all fields of technology and engineering and to engage in 
any  other  kind  of  business  or  commercial  activity.  Our  objectives  and  purposes  are  set  forth  in  detail  in  Section  2  of  our 
memorandum of association.

Directors

Our articles of association provide that the number of directors serving on the Board shall be not less than three but 
shall not exceed thirteen. As discussed above in Item 6, “Directors, Senior Management and Employees – Board Practices – 
Outside  Directors,”  in  December  2016,  our  shareholders  approved  amendments  to  our  articles  of  association,  pursuant  to 
which  our  Board  of  Directors  may  elect  to  opt  out  of  such  requirements  and  we  would  not  be  required  to  have  outside 
directors serve on our Board of Directors. At this time, our Board of Directors has not made an election to opt out of such 
requirements. Our directors, other than outside directors, are elected at the annual shareholders meeting to serve until the next 
annual  meeting  or  until  their  earlier  death,  resignation,  bankruptcy,  incapacity  or  removal  by  resolution  of  the  general 
shareholders meeting. Directors may be re-elected at each annual shareholders’ meeting. The Board may appoint additional 
directors (whether to fill a vacancy or create new directorship) to serve until the next annual shareholders meeting, provided, 

72

however, that the Board shall have no obligation to fill any vacancy unless the number of directors is less than three. Our 
officers serve at the discretion of the Board.

The Board of Directors may meet and adjourn its meetings according to the Company’s needs but must meet at least 
once every three months. A meeting of the Board may be called at the request of any two directors. The quorum required for 
a  meeting  of  the  Board  consists  of  a  majority  of  directors  who  are  lawfully  entitled  to  participate  in  the  meeting  and  vote 
thereon.  The  adoption  of  a  resolution  by  the  Board  requires  approval  by  a  simple  majority  of  the  directors  present  at  a 
meeting in which such resolution is proposed. In lieu of a Board meeting, a resolution may be adopted if all of the directors 
lawfully entitled to vote thereon consent not to convene a meeting.

Subject  to  the  Israeli  Companies  law,  the  Board  may  appoint  a  committee  of  the  Board  and  delegate  to  such 
committee all or any of the powers of the Board, as it deems appropriate. Under the Israeli Companies Law, the Board of 
Directors must appoint an internal audit committee comprised of at least three directors. The function of the internal audit 
committee is to review irregularities in the management of the Company’s business and recommend remedial measures. The 
committee is also required, under the Israeli Companies Law, to approve certain related party transactions and to assess our 
internal audit system and the performance of our internal auditor. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board may, at any time, 
amend, restate or cancel the delegation of any of its powers to any of its committees. The Board has appointed an internal 
audit committee which has three members, an audit committee which has five members, a compensation committee which 
has five members, a nominations committee which has two members and a mergers and acquisitions committee which has six 
members.  For  more  information  on  the  Company’s  committees,  please  see  Item  6C.,  “Directors,  Senior  Management  and 
Employees—Board Practices” in this annual report.

Fiduciary Duties of Officers

The  Israeli  Companies  Law  codifies  the  fiduciary  duties  that  “office  holders,”  including  directors  and  executive 
officers, owe to a company. An office holder’s fiduciary duties consist of a duty of care and a duty of loyalty. The duty of 
loyalty includes avoiding any conflict of interest between the office holder’s position in the company and his personal affairs, 
avoiding any competition with the company, avoiding exploiting any business opportunity of the company in order to receive 
personal  advantage  for  himself  or  others,  and  revealing  to  the  company  any  information  or  documents  relating  to  the 
company’s affairs which the office holder has received due to his position as an office holder.

Approval of Certain Transactions

The Israeli Companies Law requires that an office holder of a company promptly disclose any personal interest that 
he or she may have and all related material information known to him or her, in connection with any existing or proposed 
transaction  by  the  company.  In  addition,  if  the  transaction  is  an  extraordinary  transaction  as  defined  under  Israeli  law,  the 
office  holder  must  also  disclose  any  personal  interest  held  by  the  office  holder’s  spouse,  siblings,  parents,  grandparents, 
descendants, spouse’s descendants and the spouses of any of the foregoing. In addition, the office holder must also disclose 
any interest held by any corporation in which the office holder is a 5% or greater shareholder, director or general manager or 
in  which  he  or  she  has  the  right  to  appoint  at  least  one  director  or  the  general  manager.  An  extraordinary  transaction  is 
defined as a transaction not in the ordinary course of business, not on market terms, or that is likely to have a material impact 
on the company’s profitability, assets or liabilities.

In the case of a transaction which is not an extraordinary transaction, after the office holder complies with the above 
disclosure requirement, only Board approval is required unless the articles of association of the company provide otherwise. 
The transaction must not be adverse to the company’s interest. Furthermore, if the transaction is an extraordinary transaction, 
then, in addition to any approval stipulated by the articles of association, it also must be approved by the company’s internal 
audit committee and then by the Board of Directors, and, under certain circumstances, by a meeting of the shareholders of the 
company.  An  office  holder  who  has  a  personal  interest  in  a  transaction  that  is  considered  at  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of 
Directors or the internal audit committee generally may not be present at the deliberations or vote on this matter, unless the 
chairman of the Board or chairman of the internal audit committee, as the case may be, determined that the presence of such 
person  is  necessary  to  present  the  transaction  to  the  meeting.  If  a  majority  of  the  directors  have  a  personal  interest  in  an 
extraordinary transaction with the company, shareholder approval of the transaction is required.

It  is  the  responsibility  of  the  audit  committee  to  determine  whether  or  not  a  transaction  should  be  deemed  an 
extraordinary  transaction.  In  addition,  the  audit  committee  must  also  establish  (i)  procedures  for  the  consideration  of  any 
transaction with a controlling shareholder, even if it is not extraordinary, such as a competitive process with third parties or 

73

negotiation  by  independent  directors,  and  (ii)  approval  requirements  for  controlling  shareholder  transactions  that  are  not 
negligible. 

The  Israeli  Companies  Law  applies  the  same  disclosure  requirements  to  a  controlling  shareholder  of  a  public 
company, which includes a shareholder that holds 25% or more of the voting rights if no other shareholder owns more than 
50% of the voting rights in the company. Extraordinary transactions with a controlling shareholder or in which a controlling 
shareholder  has  a  personal  interest,  and  the  terms  of  management  fees  of  a  controlling  shareholder  or  compensation  of  a 
controlling shareholder who is an office holder, require the approval of the audit committee, the Board of Directors and the 
shareholders  of  the  company  by  simple  majority;  provided  that  either  such  majority  vote  must  include  at  least  a  simple 
majority of the shareholders who have no personal interest in the transaction and are present at the meeting (without taking 
into account the votes of the abstaining shareholders), or that the total shareholdings of those who have no personal interest in 
the transaction who vote against the transaction represent no more than two percent of the voting rights in the company. Any 
such extraordinary transaction whose term is longer than three years requires further shareholder approval every three years, 
unless  (with  respect  to  transactions  not  involving  management  fees  or  employment  terms)  the  internal  audit  committee 
approves that a longer term is reasonable under the circumstances.

In addition, under the Israeli Companies Law, a private placement of securities requires approval by the Board of 

Directors and the shareholders of the company if it will cause a person to become a controlling shareholder or if:

•

•

•

the  securities  issued  amount  to  20%  or  more  of  the  company’s  outstanding  voting  rights  before  the 
issuance;

some  or  all  of  the  consideration  is  other  than  cash  or  listed  securities  or  the  transaction  is  not  on  market 
terms; and

the transaction will increase the relative holdings of a shareholder that holds 5% or more of the company’s 
outstanding  share  capital  or  voting  rights  or  that  will  cause  any  person  to  become,  as  a  result  of  the 
issuance, a holder of more than 5% of the company’s outstanding share capital or voting rights.

According to the Company’s articles of association, certain resolutions, such as resolutions regarding mergers and 

windings up, require approval of the holders of 75% of the shares represented at the meeting and voting thereon.

Approval of Office Holder Compensation

Under  the  Israeli  Companies  Law,  we  are  required  to  adopt  a  compensation  policy,  recommended  by  the 
compensation committee, and approved by the Board of Directors and the shareholders, in that order, at least once every three 
years. The shareholder approval requires a majority of the votes cast by shareholders, excluding any controlling shareholder 
and those who have a personal interest in the matter (similar to the threshold described above). Our current Compensation 
Policy  was  approved  by  our  shareholders  at  our  2023  annual  general  meeting.  In  general,  all  office  holders’  terms  of 
compensation  –  including  fixed  remuneration,  bonuses,  equity  compensation,  retirement  or  termination  payments, 
indemnification,  liability  insurance  and  the  grant  of  an  exemption  from  liability  -  must  comply  with  the  Company’s 
Compensation Policy. Although NASDAQ rules generally require shareholder approval when an equity-based compensation 
plan  is  established  or  materially  amended,  as  a  foreign  company  we  follow  the  aforementioned  requirements  of  the  Israeli 
Companies Law.

In addition, the compensation terms of directors, the chief executive officer, and any employee or service provider 
who  is  considered  a  controlling  shareholder  generally  must  be  approved  separately  by  the  compensation  committee,  the 
Board  of  Directors  and  the  shareholders  of  the  company,  in  that  order.  Notwithstanding,  a  company’s  compensation 
committee  and  board  of  directors  are  permitted  to  approve  the  compensation  terms  of  a  chief  executive  officer  or  of  a 
director, without convening a general meeting of shareholders, provided however, that such terms: (1) are not more beneficial 
than such officer’s former terms or than the terms of his predecessor, or are essentially the same in their effect; (2) are in line 
with the Compensation Policy; and (3) are brought for shareholder approval at the next general meeting of shareholders.

The  compensation  terms  of  other  officers  require  the  approval  of  the  compensation  committee  and  the  Board  of 
Directors.  An  amendment  of  existing  compensation  terms  of  an  office  holder  who  is  not  a  director,  if  the  compensation 
committee  determines  that  the  amendment  is  not  material,  requires  the  approval  of  the  compensation  committee  only. 
Pursuant to regulations promulgated under the Israeli Companies Law, an amendment of the existing compensation terms of 

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office holders who are subordinate to the chief executive officer, if the amendment is not material and the changes are in line 
with the existing Compensation Policy, requires only the chief executive officer’s approval. Under our Compensation Policy, 
our  Chief  Executive  Officer  is  authorized  to  approve  non-material  changes  to  the  compensation  terms  of  office  holders 
subordinated to him, without seeking the approval of the compensation committee.

The Compensation Policy sets forth the guidelines for the compensation of our office holders. It is tailored to ensure 
a  compensation  which  balances  performance  targets  and  time  horizons  through  rewarding  business  results  and  long-term 
performance.  The  Compensation  Policy  requires  that  compensation  of  our  office  holders  include  a  mix  of  fixed  amounts 
(such  as  annual  based  salaries),  variable  performance-based  components  (such  as  performance-based  cash  incentive 
compensation), and long term incentive components (such as long-term equity-based compensation, including performance- 
based equity). Pursuant to the Compensation Policy, performance-based compensation granted may be based on our overall 
performance,  the  particular  unit  performance,  individual  performance  and  the  results  of  the  customer  satisfaction  survey 
conducted  annually.  Our  Compensation  Policy  includes  applicable  clawback  provisions  and  references  the  Company's 
compensation  recovery  policy  adopted  pursuant  to  the  recent  NASDAQ  listing  rules  in  response  to  Exchange  Act  Rule 
10D-1. 

Duties of Shareholders

Under  the  Israeli  Companies  Law,  a  shareholder  has  a  duty  to  act  in  good  faith  towards  the  company  and  other 
shareholders and to refrain from abusing his or her power in the company including, among other things, voting in a general 
meeting of shareholders on the following matters:

•

•

•

•

any amendment to the articles of association;

an increase of the company’s authorized share capital;

a merger; or

approval of interested party transactions which require shareholder approval.

In  addition,  any  controlling  shareholder,  any  shareholder  who  knows  that  it  possesses  power  to  determine  the 
outcome of a shareholder vote and any shareholder who, pursuant to the provisions of a company’s articles of association, has 
the  power  to  appoint  or  prevent  the  appointment  of  an  office  holder  in  the  company,  is  under  a  duty  to  act  with  fairness 
towards the company. The Israeli Companies Law does not describe the substance of this duty but provides that a breach of 
his duty is tantamount to a breach of fiduciary duty of an officer of the company.

Exemption, Insurance and Indemnification of Directors and Officers

Exemption of Office Holders

Under the Israeli Companies Law, an Israeli company may not exempt an office holder from liability for breach of 
his duty of loyalty but may exempt in advance an office holder from liability to the company, in whole or in part, for a breach 
of his duty of care (except in connection with distributions), provided the articles of association of the company allow it to do 
so. Our articles of association do not allow us to do so.

Office Holder Insurance

Our articles of association provide that, subject to the provisions of the Israeli Companies Law, including the receipt 
of all approvals as required therein or under any applicable law, we may enter into an agreement to insure an office holder for 
any responsibility or liability that may be imposed on such office holder in connection with an act performed by such office 
holder in such office holder’s capacity as an office holder of us with respect to each of the following:

•

•

a violation of his duty of care to us or to another person;

a breach of his duty of loyalty to us, provided that the office holder acted in good faith and had reasonable 
grounds to assume that his act would not prejudice our interests;

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•

•

•

a financial obligation imposed upon him for the benefit of another person;

a  payment  which  the  office  holder  is  obligated  to  make  to  an  injured  party  as  set  forth  in  Section 
52(54)(a)(1)(a) of the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968, as amended (the “Securities Law”) and Litigation 
Expenses (as defined below) that the office holder incurred in connection with a proceeding under Chapters 
H’3, H’4 or I’1 of the Securities Law; and

any other event, occurrence or circumstance in respect of which we may lawfully insure an office holder.

Indemnification of Office Holders

Our articles of association provide that, subject to the provisions of the Israeli Companies Law, including the receipt 
of  all  approvals  as  required  therein  or  under  any  applicable  law  we  may  indemnify  an  office  holder  with  respect  to  any 
liability  or  expense  for  which  indemnification  may  be  provided  under  the  Israeli  Companies  Law,  including  the  following 
liabilities  and  expenses,  provided  that  such  liabilities  or  expenses  were  imposed  upon  or  incurred  by  such  office  holder  in 
such office holder’s capacity as an office holder of us:

•

•

•

•

•

•

a monetary liability imposed on or incurred by an office holder pursuant to a judgment in favor of another 
person, including a judgment imposed on such office holder in a settlement or in an arbitration decision that 
was approved by a court of law;

reasonable Litigation Expenses, expended by the office holder as a result of an investigation or proceeding 
instituted against him by a competent authority, provided that such investigation or proceeding concluded 
without  the  filing  of  an  indictment  against  him  and  either  (A)  concluded  without  the  imposition  of  any 
financial  liability  in  lieu  of  criminal  proceedings  or  (B)  concluded  with  the  imposition  of  a  financial 
liability  in  lieu  of  criminal  proceedings  but  relates  to  a  criminal  offense  that  does  not  require  proof  of 
criminal intent (mens rea) or in connection with a financial sanction;

“conclusion of a proceeding without filing an indictment” in a matter in which a criminal investigation has 
been instigated and “financial liability in lieu of a criminal proceeding,” have the meaning ascribed to them 
under  the  Israeli  Companies  Law.  The  term  “Litigation  Expenses”  shall  include,  without  limitation, 
attorneys’  fees  and  all  other  costs,  expenses  and  obligations  paid  or  incurred  by  an  office  holder  in 
connection  with  investigating,  defending,  being  a  witness  or  participating  in  (including  on  appeal),  or 
preparing to defend, be a witness or participate in any claim or proceeding relating to any matter for which 
indemnification may be provided;

reasonable  Litigation  Expenses,  which  the  office  holder  incurred  or  with  which  the  office  holder  was 
charged by a court of law, in a proceeding brought against the office holder, by the Company, on its behalf 
or by another person, or in a criminal prosecution in which the office holder was acquitted, or in a criminal 
prosecution in which the office holder was convicted of an offense that does not require proof of criminal 
intent (mens rea);

a  payment  which  the  office  holder  is  obligated  to  make  to  an  injured  party  as  set  forth  in  Section 
52(54)(a)(1)(a) of the Securities Law, and Litigation Expenses that the office holder incurred in connection 
with a proceeding under Chapters H’3, H’4 or I’1 of the Securities Law; and

any  other  event,  occurrence  or  circumstance  in  respect  of  which  we  may  lawfully  indemnify  an  office 
holder.

The  foregoing  indemnification  may  be  procured  by  us  (a)  retroactively  and  (b)  as  a  commitment  in  advance  to 
indemnify an office holder, provided that, in respect of the first bullet above, such commitment shall be limited to (A) such 
events  that  in  the  opinion  of  the  Board  of  Directors  are  foreseeable  in  light  of  our  actual  operations  at  the  time  the 
undertaking to indemnify is provided, and (B) to the amounts or criterion that the Board of Directors deems reasonable under 
the  circumstances;  and  further  provided  that  such  events  and  amounts  or  criterion  are  set  forth  in  the  undertaking  to 
indemnify, and which shall in no event exceed, in the aggregate, the greater of: (i) 25% of our shareholder’s equity at the time 
of the indemnification or (ii) 25% of our shareholder’s equity at the end of fiscal year of 2010.

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We  have  undertaken  to  indemnify  our  directors  and  officers  pursuant  to  applicable  law  and  we  have  obtained 

directors' and officers' liability insurance for the benefit of our directors and officers. 

Limitations on Exemption, Insurance and Indemnification

The Israeli Companies Law provides that a company may not exempt or indemnify an office holder, or enter into an 

insurance contract, which would provide coverage for any monetary liability incurred as a result of any of the following:

•

•

•

•

a  breach  by  the  office  holder  of  his  duty  of  loyalty  unless,  with  respect  to  insurance  coverage  or 
indemnification,  the  office  holder  acted  in  good  faith  and  had  a  reasonable  basis  to  believe  that  the  act 
would not prejudice the company;

a breach by the office holder of his duty of care if the breach was done intentionally or recklessly (other 
than if solely done in negligence);

any act or omission done with the intent to derive an illegal personal benefit; or

a fine, civil fine or ransom levied on an office holder, or a financial sanction imposed upon an office holder 
under Israeli Law.

Required Approvals

In addition, under the Israeli Companies Law, any exemption of, indemnification of, or procurement of insurance 
coverage for, our office holders must be approved by our Audit Committee and our Board of Directors and, if the beneficiary 
is  the  chief  executive  officer  or  a  director,  by  our  shareholders.  We  have  obtained  such  approvals  for  the  procurement  of 
liability insurance covering our officers and directors and for the grant of indemnification letters to our officers and directors.

Rights of Ordinary Shares

Our ordinary shares confer upon our shareholders the right to receive notices of, and to attend, shareholder meetings, 
the right to one vote per ordinary share at all shareholders’ meetings for all purposes, and to share equally, on a per share 
basis,  in  such  dividends  as  may  be  declared  by  our  Board  of  Directors;  and  upon  liquidation  or  dissolution,  the  right  to 
participate  in  the  distribution  of  any  surplus  assets  of  the  Company  legally  available  for  distribution  to  shareholders  after 
payment of all debts and other liabilities of the Company. All ordinary shares rank pari passu in all respects with each other. 
Our Board of Directors may, from time to time, make such calls as it may think fit upon a shareholder in respect of any sum 
unpaid in respect of shares held by such shareholder which is not payable at a fixed time, and each shareholder shall pay the 
amount of every call so made upon him (and of each installment thereof if the same is payable in installments).

Meetings of Shareholders

An annual general meeting of our shareholders shall be held once in every calendar year at such time and at such 

place either within or without the State of Israel as may be determined by our Board of Directors.

Our Board of Directors may, whenever it thinks fit, convene a special general meeting at such time and place, within 
or  without  the  State  of  Israel,  as  may  be  determined  by  the  Board  of  Directors.  Special  general  meetings  may  also  be 
convened upon shareholder request in accordance with the Israeli Companies Law and our articles of association.

The  quorum  required  for  a  meeting  of  shareholders  consists  of  at  least  two  shareholders  present  in  person  or  by 
proxy  who  hold  or  represent  between  them  at  least  25%  of  the  outstanding  voting  shares,  unless  otherwise  required  by 
applicable rules. Although NASDAQ generally requires a quorum of 33-1/3%, subject to an exemption under the NASDAQ 
rules we follow the generally accepted business practice for companies in Israel, which have a quorum requirement of 25%. 
A meeting adjourned for lack of a quorum generally is adjourned to the same day in the following week at the same time and 
place or any time and place as the chairman may designate with the consent of a majority of the voting power represented at 
the  meeting  and  voting  on  the  matter  adjourned.  At  such  reconvened  meeting,  the  required  quorum  consists  of  any  two 
members present in person or by proxy.

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Mergers and Acquisitions

A merger of the Company shall require the approval of the holders of 75% of the voting power represented at the 
annual  or  special  general  meeting  in  person  or  by  proxy  or  by  written  ballot,  as  shall  be  permitted,  and  voting  thereon  in 
accordance with the provisions of the Israeli Companies Law. Upon the request of a creditor of either party of the proposed 
merger, the court may delay or prevent the merger if it concludes that there exists a reasonable concern that as a result of the 
merger,  the  surviving  company  will  be  unable  to  satisfy  the  obligations  of  any  of  the  parties  to  the  merger.  In  addition,  a 
merger may not be completed unless at least (i) 50 days have passed from the time that the requisite proposal for the merger 
has  been  filed  by  each  party  with  the  Israeli  Registrar  of  Companies  and  (ii)  30  days  have  passed  since  the  merger  was 
approved by the shareholders of each party.

The Israeli Companies Law also provides that an acquisition of shares of a public company must be made by means 
of a tender offer if, as a result of the acquisition, the purchaser would become a 25% or greater shareholder of the company 
and there is no existing 25% or greater shareholder in the company. An acquisition of shares of a public company must be 
made by means of a tender offer if, as a result of the acquisition, the purchaser would hold more than 45% of the company 
and there is no existing shareholder of more than 45% in the company. These requirements do not apply if the acquisition (i) 
occurs in the context of a private placement by the company that received shareholder approval for the purpose of reaching 
such threshold, (ii) was from a 25% shareholder of the company and resulted in the acquirer becoming a 25% shareholder of 
the company or (iii) was from a greater than 45% shareholder of the company and resulted in the acquirer becoming a greater 
than 45% shareholder of the company. The tender offer must be extended to all shareholders, but the offeror is not required to 
purchase more than 5% of the company’s outstanding shares, regardless of how many shares are tendered by shareholders. 
The tender offer may be consummated only if (i) at least 5% of the company’s outstanding shares will be acquired by the 
offeror and (ii) the number of shares tendered in the offer exceeds the number of shares whose holders objected to the offer.

If as a result of an acquisition of shares the acquirer will hold more than 90% of a company’s outstanding shares, the 
acquisition must be made by means of a tender offer for all of the outstanding shares. If as a result of a full tender offer the 
acquirer would own more than 95% of the outstanding shares, then all the shares that the acquirer offered to purchase will be 
transferred to it. The law provides for appraisal rights if any shareholder files a request in court within six months following 
the  consummation  of  a  full  tender  offer,  but  the  acquirer  is  entitled  to  stipulate  that  tendering  shareholders  forfeit  their 
appraisal rights. If as a result of a full tender offer the acquirer would own 95% or less of the outstanding shares, then the 
acquirer may not acquire shares that will cause his shareholding to exceed 90% of the outstanding shares. 

Material Contracts

Notes and Indenture

2017 Notes and Indenture 

On  January  18,  2017,  NICE  Systems  Inc.,  a  wholly  owned  subsidiary  of  the  Company  ("NICE  Systems"),  issued 
$287.5 million aggregate principal amount of the 1.25% exchangeable senior notes due 2024	(the "2017 Notes"). The 2017 
Notes  were  the  general  unsecured  obligations  of  NICE  Systems,  guaranteed  by  us.  The  sale  of  the  Notes  generated  net 
proceeds  of  approximately  $260.1  million.  The  2017  Notes  were  issued  pursuant  to  an  indenture  (the  “2017  Indenture”) 
among us, NICE Systems and the Trustee. 

On December 31, 2021, the Company entered into the First Supplemental Indenture. In accordance with the First 
Supplemental  Indenture,  the  Company  settled  certain  exchangeable  notes  by  way  of  a  Cash  Settlement  (as  defined  in  the 
2017 Indenture).

The 2017 Notes fully matured on January 15, 2024 and were settled in cash in the amount of $87.4 million.

2020 Notes and Indenture

On August 27, 2020, we issued $400 million aggregate principal amount of 0% exchangeable senior notes due 2025 
(the “2020 Notes” and together with the 2017 Notes, the “Notes”) and on September 4, 2020, we issued an additional $60 
million of the 2020 Notes pursuant to the exercise of the initial purchasers’ option. The 2020 Notes are general unsecured 

78

obligations  of  the  Company.  The  sale  of  the  2020  Notes  generated  net  proceeds  of  approximately  $451  million.  The  2020 
Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture (the “2020 Indenture” and collectively with the 2017 Indenture, the "Indentures") 
between us and U. S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”).

The 2020 Notes do not bear regular interest, and the principal amount of the 2020 Notes does not accrete. The 2020 
Notes  will  mature  on  September  15,  2025,  unless  earlier  prepaid,  redeemed  or  converted,  and  are  not  redeemable  at  our 
option prior to September 21, 2023, except in the event of certain tax law changes. We may redeem for cash all or any portion 
of the 2020 Notes, at our option, on or after September 21, 2023 if the last reported sale price of the ADSs has been at least 
130%  of  the  conversion  price  then  in  effect  for  at  least  20  trading  days  (whether  or  not  consecutive)  during  any  30 
consecutive  trading  day  period  (including  the  last  trading  day  of  such  period)  ending  on,  and  including,  the  trading  day 
immediately preceding the date on which we provide notice of redemption. In the case of any redemption, the redemption 
price  will  be  equal  to  100%  of  the  principal  amount  of  the  2020  Notes  to  be  redeemed,  plus  accrued  and  unpaid  special 
interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date.  A holder may convert its 2020 Notes at its option at any time prior to 
the close of business on the business day immediately preceding June 15, 2025 in the event certain conditions are met during 
set periods. On or after June 15, 2025, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding 
the maturity date, a holder may convert its 2020 Notes at any time.

Upon  conversion,  we,  at  our  election,  can  pay  or  deliver  (i)  cash,  (ii)  ADSs  or  (iii)  a  combination  thereof.  The 
conversion rate will initially be 3.3424 ADSs per $1,000 principal amount of 2020 Notes (equivalent to an initial conversion 
price  of  approximately  $299.19  per  ADS).  The  conversion  rate  will  be  subject  to  adjustment  in  some  events.  In  addition, 
following  certain  corporate  events  that  occur  prior  to  the  maturity  date  or  our  delivery  of  a  notice  of  redemption,  the 
Company will under certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate for a holder who elects to convert its 2020 Notes in 
connection with such a corporate event or to convert its 2020 Notes called for redemption in connection with such notice of 
redemption, as the case may be.

If we undergo a fundamental change, holders of the 2020 Notes will have the right to require us to repurchase all or 
a  portion  of  their  2020  Notes  upon  the  occurrence  of  a  fundamental  change  (as  defined  in  the  2020  Indenture)  at  a  cash 
repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2020 Notes to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid 
interest, if any, to, but excluding the fundamental change repurchase date.

The Indentures contain customary events of default, including a default in the payment of principal or interest when 
due,  default  in  compliance  with  the  covenants  set  forth  therein,  and  certain  events  of  bankruptcy,  insolvency  or 
reorganization.

On December 31, 2021, the Company irrevocably elected that all conversions occurring on or after December 31, 
2021 will be settled pursuant to Combination Settlement (as defined in the 2020 Indenture) with a Specified Dollar Amount 
(as  defined  in  the  2020  Indenture)  no  less  than  $1,000  per  $1,000  principal  amount  of  2020  Notes.  Generally,  under  this 
settlement method, the conversion value corresponding to the principal amount will be converted in cash, and the conversion 
value over the principal amount will be settled, at the Company’s election, in cash or shares or a combination thereof.

Exchange Controls

Holders  of  ADSs  are  able  to  convert  dividends  and  liquidation  distributions  into  freely  repatriable  non-Israeli 
currencies  at  the  rate  of  exchange  prevailing  at  the  time  of  repatriation,  pursuant  to  regulations  issued  under  the  Currency 
Control Law, 5738–1978, provided that Israeli income tax has been withheld by us with respect to amounts that are being 
repatriated to the extent applicable or an exemption has been obtained.

Our  ADSs  may  be  freely  held  and  traded  pursuant  to  the  General  Permit  and  the  Currency  Control  Law.  The 
ownership or voting of ADSs by non-residents of Israel are not restricted in any way by our memorandum of association or 
articles of association or by the laws of the State of Israel, except subjects of a country deemed an “enemy country” under 
Israeli legislation or persons or individuals on weapon of mass destruction or terror sanctions lists.

Taxation

The  following  is  a  discussion  of  Israeli  and  United  States  tax  consequences  material  to  our  shareholders.  The 
discussion is not intended, and should not be construed, as legal or professional tax advice and does not exhaust all possible 
tax considerations.

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Holders of our ADSs should consult their own tax advisors as to the United States, Israeli or other tax consequences 
of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our ADSs, including, in particular, the effect of any foreign, state or local taxes.

Israeli Tax Considerations

The following is a summary of both the general corporate tax laws applicable to companies in Israel, with special 
reference to their effect on us, and a discussion of the material tax consequences to holders of our ordinary shares or ADSs 
related to our domicile in Israel. This summary does not discuss all the aspects of Israeli tax law that may be relevant to a 
particular holder in light of his or her personal circumstances or to some types of holders subject to special treatment under 
Israeli  law.  To  the  extent  that  the  discussion  is  based  on  new  tax  legislation  which  has  not  been  subject  to  judicial  or 
administrative interpretation, we cannot assure that the views expressed in the discussion will be accepted by the appropriate 
tax authorities or the courts. The discussion is not intended, and should not be construed, as a legal or professional tax advice 
and is not exhaustive of all possible tax considerations.

General Corporate Taxation in Israel

Generally, Israeli companies are subject to corporate tax on taxable income, including capital gains, at the rate of 
23%  for  2023  and  2024.  However,  the  effective  tax  rate  payable  by  a  company  that  is  eligible  for  tax  benefits  under  the 
Israeli  Law  for  the  Encouragement  of  Capital  Investments-1959  (the  "Investments  Law"),  and  in  particular  the  12%  rate 
under the Preferred Technology Enterprise regime (as discussed below), may be considerably less.

We  are  permitted  to  measure  our  Israeli  taxable  income  in  U.S.  dollars  pursuant  to  regulations  published  by  the 
Israeli Minister of Finance, which provide the conditions for doing so. We believe that we meet, and will continue to meet, 
the necessary conditions and as such, we measure our results for tax purposes based on the U.S. dollar/NIS exchange rate on 
December 31 of the relevant tax year.

Tax Benefits under the Israeli Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959, as amended.

Pursuant to Investments Law and its various amendments, under which both the Company and its Israeli subsidiary 
have been granted “Approved Enterprise” status, we have derived and expect to continue to derive significant tax benefits 
relating to our “Approved, Privileged, and Preferred Enterprise” programs for which we were eligible up to and including the 
2016  tax  year,  and  relating  to  Preferred  Technological  Enterprise  program  for  the  2017  and  subsequent  tax  years.  To  be 
eligible for these tax benefits, a beneficiary must continue to meet certain conditions. In the event we are considered to have 
failed to comply with these conditions, in whole or in part, the eligibility for the benefits may be canceled and we may be 
required to refund the relevant amount, including interest and inflation adjustments. As of December 31, 2023, we believe 
that we are in compliance with all the conditions required by the Investments Law.

In December 2016, the Israeli Knesset passed a number of changes to the Investments Law. These changes became 
effective  beginning  January  1,  2017,  following  promulgation  of  Regulations  by  the  Finance  Ministry  in  May  2017  to 
implement  the  “Nexus  Principles”  based  on  OECD  guidelines  published  as  part  of  the  Base  Erosion  and  Profit  Shifting 
(BEPS) project. The Regulations provide rules for implementation of the tax regime, which applies to both the Company and 
its Israeli subsidiary, effective from the 2017 tax year and onwards.

Benefits under the “Preferred Technology Enterprise” regime include:

•

•

•

A  reduced  12%  corporate  tax  rate  (or  7.5%  for  entities  located  in  Development  Area  A)  on  qualifying 
income deriving from eligible intellectual property (“Preferred Technology Income”), subject to a number 
of  base  conditions  being  fulfilled,  including  a  minimal  amount  or  ratio  of  annual  R&D  expenditures  and 
R&D employees, as well as having at least 25% of annual income derived from export;

A  12%  capital  gains  tax  rate  on  the  sale  of  a  preferred  intangible  asset  to  a  foreign  affiliated  enterprise, 
provided that the asset was initially purchased from a foreign resident at an amount of NIS 200 million or 
more; and

A withholding tax rate of 20% for dividends paid from Preferred Technology Income (with an exemption 
from such withholding tax applying to dividends paid to an Israeli company). Such rate may be reduced to 
4% on dividends paid to a foreign resident company, subject to certain conditions regarding percentage of 
foreign ownership of the distributing entity.

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The  above  rates  may  be  reduced  by  an  applicable  double  tax  treaty,  subject  to  the  receipt  in  advance  of  a  valid  certificate 
from the Israel Tax Authority allowing for a reduced tax rate.

The effective tax rate applying to our Preferred Technology Enterprise is calculated based on the Nexus Principles, 

taking into account eligible and ineligible R&D expenses incurred by us, as prescribed in the Regulations.

Income from sources other than the Preferred Technology Income are taxable at regular corporate tax rates of 23% 

for 2023 and 2024.

Full  details  regarding  our  Preferred  and  Preferred  Technology  Enterprises  may  be  found  in  Note  13(a)(1)  of  our 

consolidated financial statements.

Tax Benefits and Grants for Research and Development

Israeli tax law allows, under specified conditions, a tax deduction for expenditures, including capital expenditures, 
for the year in which they are incurred. These expenses must relate to scientific research and development projects and must 
be  approved  by  the  relevant  Israeli  government  ministry,  determined  by  the  field  of  research,  and  the  research  and 
development must be conducted for the promotion of the company and carried out by or on behalf of the company seeking 
such  deduction.  However,  the  amount  of  such  deductible  expenses  is  reduced  by  the  sum  of  any  funds  received  through 
government  grants  for  the  financing  of  such  scientific  research  and  development  projects.  No  deduction  is  allowed  if  it  is 
related to an expense invested in an asset depreciable under the general depreciation rules of the Tax Ordinance. Expenditures 
not so approved, but otherwise qualifying for deduction, are deductible over a three-year period.

Tax Benefits under the Law for the Encouragement of Industry (Taxes), 1969

Under  the  Law  for  the  Encouragement  of  Industry  (Taxes),  1969  (the  “Industry  Encouragement  Law”),  Industrial 

Companies (as defined below) are entitled to the following tax benefits, among others:

•

•

•

deductions over an eight-year period for purchases of know-how and patents;

deductions over a three-year period of expenses involved with the issuance and listing of shares on a stock 
market; and

the  right  to  elect,  under  specified  conditions,  to  file  a  consolidated  tax  return  with  other  related  Israeli 
Industrial Companies.

Eligibility for benefits under the Industry Encouragement Law is not subject to receipt of prior approval from any 
governmental authority. Under the Industry Encouragement Law, an “Industrial Company” is defined as a company that is an 
Israeli resident for tax purposes and at least 90% of the income of which (other than income from certain government loans), 
in any tax year, is derived from an “Industrial Enterprise” that is located in Israel and owned by such company.

An  “Industrial  Enterprise”  is  defined  as  an  enterprise  whose  major  activity  in  a  given  tax  year  is  industrial 
production activity. Eligibility for benefits under the Industry Encouragement Law is not contingent upon the approval of any 
governmental authority. We believe that we currently qualify as an Industrial Company within the definition of the Industry 
Encouragement  Law.  No  assurance  can  be  given  that  we  will  continue  to  qualify  as  an  Industrial  Company  or  that  the 
benefits described above will be available in the future.

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Taxation of Holders of Ordinary Shares

The following discussion refers to the tax consequences to holders of our ordinary shares. However, the same tax 

treatment would apply to holders of our ADSs.

Capital Gains Tax on Sales of Our Ordinary Shares

Israeli law generally imposes a capital gains tax on the sale of any capital assets by residents of Israel, as defined for 
Israeli tax purposes, and on the sale of assets located in Israel, including shares in Israeli companies, by both residents and 
non-residents  of  Israel,  unless  a  specific  exemption  is  available  or  unless  a  tax  treaty  between  Israel  and  the  shareholder’s 
country  of  residence  provides  otherwise.  The  Tax  Ordinance  distinguishes  between  real  gain  and  inflationary  surplus.  The 
inflationary  surplus  is  a  portion  of  the  total  capital  gain  equivalent  to  the  increase  of  the  relevant  asset’s  purchase  price 
attributable to an increase in the Israeli consumer price index, or, under certain circumstances, a foreign currency exchange 
rate,  between  the  date  of  purchase  and  the  date  of  sale.  The  real  gain  is  the  excess  of  the  total  capital  gain  over  the 
inflationary surplus.

Taxation of Israeli Residents

Israeli individuals are generally subject to a tax rate of 25% on capital gains derived from the sale of shares, whether 
listed on a stock market or not unless such shareholder claims a deduction for financing expenses in connection with such 
shares, in which case the gain is generally taxed at a rate of 30%. In addition, if such shareholder is considered a “significant 
shareholder” at any time during the 12-month period preceding such sale (i.e., such shareholder holds directly or indirectly, 
including jointly with others, at least 10% of any means of control in the company), in the tax rate will be 30%. Individuals 
who are subject to tax in Israel are also subject to an additional income surtax at a rate of 3% (as described below). For this 
purpose,  taxable  income  will  include  taxable  capital  gains  from  the  sale  of  our  shares  and  taxable  income  from  dividend 
distributions.  Certain  Israeli  institutions  that  are  exempt  from  tax  under  Section  9(2)  or  Section  129C(a)(1)  of  the  Tax 
Ordinance (such as exempt trust funds and pension funds) may be exempt from capital gains tax on the sale of the shares.

Israeli companies are subject to the corporate tax rate on capital gains derived from the sale of listed shares. 

Different tax rates may apply to dealers in securities and shareholders who acquired their shares prior to an initial 

public offering.

Taxation of Non-Israeli Residents

Both individual and corporate non-Israeli residents are generally exempt from Israeli capital gains tax on any gains 
derived from the sale of shares publicly traded on the TASE provided that (among other things) such gains did not derive 
from a permanent establishment of such shareholders in Israel. Non-Israeli residents are also exempt from Israeli capital gains 
tax on any gains derived from the sale of shares of Israeli companies publicly traded on a recognized stock market outside of 
Israel,  provided  that  (among  other  things)  such  shareholders  did  not  acquire  their  shares  prior  to  the  issuer’s  initial  public 
offering and that the gains did not derive from a permanent establishment of such shareholders in Israel. However, non-Israeli 
corporations will not be entitled to such exemption if Israeli residents (i) have a controlling interest of more than 25% in such 
non-Israeli corporation; or (ii) are the beneficiaries of or are entitled to 25% or more of the revenues or profits of such non-
Israeli corporation, whether directly or indirectly.

In  addition,  the  sale,  exchange  or  disposition  of  our  ordinary  shares  by  a  U.S.  resident  individual  or  corporate 
shareholder (for purposes of the U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty), and who holds ordinary shares as a capital asset, is also exempt from 
Israeli  capital  gains  tax  under  the  U.S.-Israel  Tax  Treaty  unless  either  (i)  the  U.S.  resident  shareholder  holds,  directly  or 
indirectly, shares representing 10% or more of our voting power during any part of the 12-month period preceding such sale; 
(ii) the capital gains arising from such sale, exchange or disposition are attributable to either real estate located in Israel, a 
permanent  establishment  of  the  shareholder  located  in  Israel,  or  royalties;  or  (iii)  such  U.S.  resident  shareholder  is  an 
individual and was present in Israel for 183 days or more during the relevant taxable year. If the above conditions are not met, 
the U.S. resident would be subject to Israeli tax, to the extent applicable. However, under the U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty, the gain 
would  be  treated  as  foreign  source  income  for  United  States  foreign  tax  credit  purposes  and  such  U.S.  resident  would  be 
permitted  to  claim  a  credit  for  such  taxes  against  the  United  States  federal  income  tax  imposed  on  such  sale,  exchange  or 
disposition, subject to the limitations under the United States federal income tax laws applicable to foreign tax credits.

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Taxation of Dividends Paid on our Ordinary Shares

Taxation of Israeli Residents

Israeli  resident  individuals  are  generally  subject  to  Israeli  income  tax  on  the  receipt  of  dividends  paid  on  our 
ordinary  shares,  other  than  bonus  shares  (share  dividends)  or  stock  dividends.  The  tax  rate  applicable  to  such  dividends  is 
25% or 30% for a shareholder that is considered a significant shareholder at any time during the 12-month period preceding 
such  distribution.  Individuals  may  also  be  required  to  pay  surtax  with  respect  to  dividends  received,  as  further  explained 
below. Dividends paid out of profits sourced from ordinary income are subject to withholding tax at the rate of 25% if the 
shares are registered with a nominee company (whether the recipient is a significant shareholder or not). Dividends paid from 
income  derived  from  our  Approved  and  Privileged  Enterprises  are  subject  to  withholding  tax  at  the  rate  of  15%,  and 
dividends  paid  from  income  derived  from  our  Preferred  Enterprise  and  Preferred  Technology  Enterprise  are  subject  to 
withholding tax at the rate of 20%. We cannot assure that we will designate the profits that are being distributed in a way that 
will reduce shareholders’ tax liability. 

Dividend distributions to Israeli resident corporations are generally not subject to a withholding tax.

Taxation of Non-Israeli Residents

Non-residents of Israel, both companies and individuals, are generally subject to Israeli income tax on the receipt of 
dividends paid on our ordinary shares, at the aforementioned rates applicable to Israeli residents, which tax will be withheld 
at source, unless a different rate is provided in a treaty between Israel and the shareholder’s country of residence.

Under the U.S.-Israel Treaty, the maximum Israeli withholding tax on dividends paid by us is 25%. The U.S.-Israel 
Tax Treaty further provides for a 12.5% Israeli dividend withholding tax rate on dividends paid by an Israeli company to a 
U.S. corporation owning at least 10% or more of such Israeli company’s issued voting power for, in general, the part of the 
tax year which precedes the date of payment of the dividend and the entire preceding tax year. The 12.5% rate applies only to 
dividends  paid  from  regular  income  (and  not  derived  from  an  Approved,  Privileged  Preferred  Enterprise  or  Preferred 
Technological Enterprise) in the applicable period and does not apply if the company has more than 25% of its gross income 
derived  from  certain  types  of  passive  income.  If  the  conditions  mentioned  above  are  met,  dividends  from  income  of  an 
Approved, Privileged Preferred Enterprise or Preferred Technological Enterprise are subject to a 15% withholding tax rate 
under  the  U.S.-Israel  Tax  Treaty.  Residents  of  the  United  States  generally  will  have  withholding  tax  in  Israel  deducted  at 
source. They may be entitled to a credit or deduction for United States federal income tax purposes in the amount of the taxes 
withheld, subject to detailed rules contained in United States tax statutes, rules and regulations.

An individual or corporate non-resident of Israel who has dividend income derived from or accrued in Israel, from 
which tax was withheld at source, is generally exempt from the duty to file tax returns in Israel with respect to such income, 
provided that (i) such income was not derived from a business conducted in Israel by the taxpayer, (ii) the taxpayer has no 
other  taxable  sources  of  income  in  Israel  with  respect  to  which  a  tax  return  is  required  to  be  filed  in  Israel;  and  (iii)  the 
taxpayer is not obligated to pay income surtax in Israel (as discussed below).

Surtax 

Subject to the provisions of any applicable tax treaty, individuals who are subject to tax in Israel (whether or not any such 
individual is an Israeli resident) are also subject to a surtax at the rate of 3% on annual income (including, but not limited to, 
dividends, interest and capital gains) exceeding NIS 721,560 for 2024, which amount is linked to the annual change in the 
Israeli consumer price index.

U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations

The  following  is  a  summary  of  the  material  U.S.  federal  income  tax  consequences  that  apply  to  U.S.  holders 
(defined below) who hold ADSs as capital assets for tax purposes. This summary is based on the U.S. Internal Revenue Code 
of  1986,  as  amended  (the  “Code”),  existing  final,  temporary  and  proposed  regulations  thereunder,  judicial  decisions  and 
published positions of the Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") and the U.S.-Israel income tax treaty in effect as of the date 
of  this  annual  report,  all  of  which  are  subject  to  change  at  any  time  (including  changes  in  interpretation),  possibly  with 
retroactive effect, in a manner that could adversely affect a U.S. holder.

This summary does not address all U.S. federal income tax matters that may be relevant to a particular prospective 
holder or all tax considerations that may be relevant with respect to an investment in ADSs, including the U.S. federal estate, 

83

gift, or alternative minimum tax consequences, or any state, local or non-U.S. tax consequences, of the acquisition, ownership 
and disposition of ADSs.

This summary does not address tax considerations applicable to a holder of an ADS that may be subject to special 

tax rules including, without limitation, the following:

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

dealers or traders in securities, currencies or notional principal contracts;

financial institutions, banks and financial services entities;;

insurance companies;

real estate investment trusts;

persons subject to special tax accounting rules under Section 451(b) of the Code;

investors subject to the alternative minimum tax;

tax-exempt organizations;

regulated investment companies;

investors that actually or constructively own 10 percent or more of our  shares and/or other equity by vote 
or value;

investors  that  will  hold  the  ADSs  as  part  of  a  hedging  or  conversion  transaction  or  as  a  position  in  a 
straddle  or  a  part  of  a  synthetic  security  or  other  integrated  transaction  for  U.S.  federal  income  tax 
purposes;

investors that are treated as partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes 
and persons who hold the ADSs through partnerships or other pass-through entities;

investors whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar; and

expatriates or former long-term residents of the United States.

You  are  urged  to  consult  your  own  tax  advisor  regarding  the  foreign  and  U.S.  federal,  state  and  local  and 

other tax consequences of an investment in ADSs.

For purposes of this summary, a “U.S. holder” is a beneficial owner of ADSs that is, for U.S. federal income tax 

purposes:

•

•

•

•

an individual who is a citizen or a resident of the United States;

a  corporation  (or  other  entity  taxable  as  a  corporation  for  U.S.  federal  income  tax  purposes)  created  or 
organized in or under the laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof;

an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or

a trust if:

(a)

(b)

the trust has validly elected to be treated as a U.S. person for U.S. federal income tax purposes; or

(i) a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration 
of the trust; and (ii)one or more United States persons have the authority to control all substantial 
decisions of the trust

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If an entity that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal tax purposes holds ADSs, the U.S. federal income tax 
treatment of its partners will generally depend upon the status of the partners and the activities of the partnership. Entities that 
are classified as partnerships for U.S. federal tax purposes and persons holding ADSs through such entities should consult 
their own tax advisors.

In general, if you hold ADSs, you will be treated as the holder of the underlying shares represented by those ADSs 
for  U.S.  federal  income  tax  purposes.  Accordingly,  no  gain  or  loss  will  be  recognized  if  you  exchange  ADSs  for  the 
underlying shares represented by those ADSs.

U.S.  holders  should  consult  their  own  tax  advisors  regarding  the  U.S.  federal  income  tax  consequences  to 

them with respect to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of ADSs in light of their particular circumstances.

U.S. Taxation of ADSs

Distributions

Subject  to  the  discussion  under  “Passive  Foreign  Investment  Companies”  below,  the  gross  amount  of  any 
distribution, including the amount of any Israeli taxes withheld from these distributions (see “Israeli Tax Considerations”), 
actually or constructively received by a U.S. holder with respect to ADSs will be taxable to the U.S. holder as a dividend to 
the  extent  of  our  current  and  accumulated  earnings  and  profits  as  determined  under  U.S.  federal  income  tax  principles. 
Distributions  in  excess  of  earnings  and  profits  will  be  non-taxable  to  the  U.S.  holder  to  the  extent  of,  and  will  be  applied 
against and reduce, the U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in the ADSs. Distributions in excess of earnings and profits and such 
adjusted tax basis will generally be taxable to the U.S. holder as a capital gain from the sale or exchange of property. We do 
not maintain calculations of our earnings and profits under U.S. federal income tax principles. If we do not report to a U.S. 
holder the portion of a distribution that exceeds earnings and profits, the distribution will generally be taxable as a dividend 
even  if  that  distribution  would  otherwise  be  treated  as  a  non-taxable  return  of  capital  or  as  a  capital  gain  under  the  rules 
described  above.  A  U.S.  holder  that  is  a  corporation  will  not  be  eligible  for  any  dividends  received  deduction,  except  as 
provided by Sections 245 and 245A of the Code.

Under  the  Code,  certain  dividends  received  by  non-corporate  U.S.  holders  may  be  “qualified  dividend  income,” 
which is taxed at the lower capital gains rate, currently  20%. This reduced income tax rate is only applicable to dividends 
paid by a “qualified foreign corporation” that is not a “passive foreign investment company” and only with respect to shares 
held  by  a  qualified  U.S.  holder  (i.e.,  a  non-corporate  holder)  for  a  minimum  holding  period  (generally  61  days  during  the 
121-day  period  beginning  60  days  before  the  ex-dividend  date).  We  should  be  considered  a  qualified  foreign  corporation 
because  (i)  we  are  eligible  for  the  benefits  of  a  comprehensive  tax  treaty  between  Israel  and  the  U.S.,  which  includes  an 
exchange of information program; and (ii) the ADSs are readily tradable on an established securities market in the U.S. In 
addition,  based  on  our  current  business  plans,  we  do  not  expect  to  be  classified  as  a  “passive  foreign  investment 
company”  (see  “Passive  Foreign  Investment  Companies”  below).  Accordingly,  dividends  paid  by  us  to  individual  U.S. 
holders on shares held for the minimum holding period should be eligible for the reduced income tax rate. In addition to the 
income tax on dividends discussed above, certain non-corporate U.S. holders will also be subject to the 3.8% Medicare tax on 
dividends as discussed below under “Medicare Tax on Unearned Income”.

The  amount  of  any  distribution  paid  in  a  currency  other  than  U.S.  dollars  (a  “foreign  currency”)  including  the 
amount of any withholding tax thereon, will be included in the gross income of a U.S. holder in an amount equal to the U.S. 
dollar value of the foreign currencies calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date of receipt, regardless 
of whether the foreign currencies are converted into U.S. dollars. If the foreign currencies are converted into U.S. dollars on 
the date of receipt, a U.S. holder generally should not be required to recognize foreign currency gain or loss in respect of the 
dividend. If the foreign currencies received in the distribution are not converted into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, a U.S. 
holder will have a basis in the foreign currencies equal to its U.S. dollar value on the date of receipt. Any gain or loss on a 
subsequent conversion or other disposition of the foreign currencies will be treated as ordinary income or loss.

Generally, dividends received by a U.S. holder with respect to ADSs will be treated as foreign source income for the 
purposes  of  calculating  that  holder’s  foreign  tax  credit  limitation.  Subject  to  certain  conditions  and  limitations,  any  Israeli 
taxes  withheld  on  dividends  at  the  rate  provided  by  the  U.S.-Israel  tax  treaty  may  be  deducted  from  taxable  income  or 
credited against a U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability. The limitation on foreign taxes eligible for the U.S. foreign 
tax  credit  is  calculated  separately  with  respect  to  various  categories  of  income,  including  “passive”  income  and  “general” 

85

income. The rules relating to foreign tax credits and the timing thereof are complex. U.S. holders should consult their own tax 
advisors regarding the availability of a foreign tax credit under their particular situation.

Sale or Other Disposition of ADSs

If a U.S. holder sells or otherwise disposes of its ADSs, gain or loss will be recognized for U.S. federal income tax 
purposes in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized on the sale or other disposition and such holder’s 
adjusted tax basis in the ADSs. Subject to the discussion below under the heading “Passive Foreign Investment Companies,” 
such gain or loss generally will be a capital gain or loss and will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the holder had held the 
ADSs for more than one year at the time of the sale or other disposition. Long-term capital gains realized by individual U.S. 
holders generally are subject to a lower marginal U.S. federal income tax rate (currently up to 20%) than the marginal tax rate 
on ordinary income. In addition to the income tax on gains discussed above, certain non-corporate U.S. holders will also be 
subject to the 3.8% Medicare tax on net gains as discussed below under “Medicare Tax on Unearned Income”. Under most 
circumstances, any gain that a holder recognizes on the sale or other disposition of ADSs will be U.S. sourced for purposes of 
the foreign tax credit limitation and any recognized losses will be allocated against U.S. source income.

If a U.S. holder receives foreign currency upon a sale or exchange of ADSs, gain or loss, if any, recognized on the 
subsequent  sale,  conversion  or  disposition  of  such  foreign  currency  will  be  ordinary  income  or  loss,  and  will  generally  be 
income  or  loss  from  sources  within  the  United  States  for  foreign  tax  credit  limitation  purposes.  However,  if  such  foreign 
currency  is  converted  into  U.S.  dollars  on  the  date  received  by  the  U.S.  holder,  the  U.S.  holder  generally  should  not  be 
required to recognize any gain or loss on such conversion.

A U.S. holder who holds shares through an Israeli stockbroker or other Israeli intermediary may be subject to Israeli 
withholding tax on any capital gain recognized if the U.S. holder does not obtain approval of an exemption from the Israeli 
Tax  Authorities  or  claim  any  allowable  refunds  or  reductions.  U.S.  holders  are  advised  that  any  Israeli  tax  paid  under 
circumstances in which an exemption from (or a refund of or a reduction in) such tax was available will not give rise to a 
deduction  or  credit  for  foreign  taxes  paid  for  U.S.  federal  income  tax  purposes.  If  applicable,  U.S.  holders  are  advised  to 
consult their Israeli stockbroker or intermediary regarding the procedures for obtaining an exemption or reduction.

Medicare Tax on Unearned Income

Certain  U.S.  holders  that  are  individuals,  estates  or  trusts  are  required  to  pay  an  additional  3.8%  tax  on  all  or  a 
portion of their “net investment income,” which includes dividends and net gains from the sale or other dispositions of ADSs 
(other than ADSs held in a trade or business).

Passive Foreign Investment Companies

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, we will be considered a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) for any 
taxable year in which either (i) 75% or more of our gross income is "passive income", as defined in the relevant provisions of 
the Code; or (ii) on average, at least  50% of our assets (generally determined on a quarterly basis)  produce or are held for 
the  production  of  passive  income.  For  this  purpose,  passive  income  includes  dividend,  interest,  royalty,  rent,  and  annuity 
income  and  the  excess  of  gains  over  losses  from  the  disposition  of  assets  which  produce  passive  income.  If  we  were 
determined  to  be  a  PFIC  for  U.S.  federal  income  tax  purposes,  highly  complex  rules  would  apply  to  U.S.  holders  owning 
ADSs.

Based on our estimated gross income, the average value of our gross assets and the nature of our business, we do not 
believe  that  we  will  be  classified  as  a  PFIC  in  the  current  taxable  year.  Our  status  in  any  taxable  year  will  depend  on  our 
assets and activities in each year and because this is a factual determination made annually at the end of each taxable year, 
there can be no assurance that we will not be considered a PFIC for any future taxable year. If we were treated as a PFIC in 
any year during which a U.S. holder owns ADSs, such U.S. holder may be subject to materially adverse tax consequences, 
including additional U.S. federal income tax liability and tax filing obligations. Given our current business plans, however, 
we do not expect that we will be classified as a PFIC in future years.

You are urged to consult your own tax advisor regarding the possibility of us being classified as a PFIC and 
the potential tax consequences arising from the ownership and disposition (directly or indirectly) of an interest in a 
PFIC.

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Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "U.S. Tax Reform" or "TCJA")

As a global corporation, we are subject to income, non-income and transactional tax regimes in the United States 
and various other jurisdictions, which are unsettled and may be subject to significant change.  On December 22, 2017, the 
United  States  enacted  the  Tax  Cuts  and  Jobs  Act  (the  "TCJA"),  a  comprehensive  tax  law  that  included  several  key  tax 
changes to the taxation of business entities, among which is the change to Section 174 of the Code, that went into effect for 
taxable  years  beginning  after  December  31,  2021,  requiring  research  and  development  expenses  to  be  capitalized  and 
amortized over a period of either five or fifteen years. Prior to this change, the research and development expenses could be 
fully expensed, as incurred, for U.S. federal income tax purposes.  

The  final  impact  of  the  TCJA  may  differ  due  to,  among  other  things,  possible  changes  in  the  interpretations  and 
assumptions made by us as a result of additional information, additional guidance or finalization of law and regulations that 
will be issued by the U.S. Department of Treasury, the IRS or other standard-setting bodies, and which may impact our future 
financial statements, and will be accounted for when such guidance is issued.

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

Payments  of  dividends  with  respect  to  ADSs  and  the  proceeds  from  the  sale,  retirement,  or  other  disposition  of 
ADSs made by a U.S. paying agent or other U.S. intermediary will be reported to the IRS and to the U.S. holder as may be 
required under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations. We, or an agent, a broker, or any paying agent, as the case may be, may 
be  required  to  withhold  tax  (backup  withholding),  currently  at  the  rate  of  24%,  if  a  non-corporate  U.S.  holder  that  is  not 
otherwise  exempt  fails  to  provide  an  accurate  taxpayer  identification  number  and  comply  with  other  IRS  requirements 
concerning information reporting. Certain U.S. holders (including, among others, corporations and tax-exempt organizations) 
are not subject to backup withholding. Any amount of backup withholding withheld may be used as a credit against your U.S. 
federal income tax liability provided that the required information is timely furnished to the IRS. U.S. holders should consult 
their  tax  advisors  as  to  their  qualification  for  exemption  from  backup  withholding  and  the  procedure  for  obtaining  an 
exemption.

Foreign Asset Reporting

Certain U.S. holders who are specified individuals or specified domestic entities are required to report information 
relating to an interest in our ADSs on IRS Form 8938 (Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets), subject to certain 
exceptions  (including  an  exception  for  shares  held  in  accounts  maintained  by  financial  institutions).  U.S.  holders  are 
encouraged  to  consult  their  tax  advisors  regarding  their  information  reporting  obligations,  if  any,  with  respect  to  their 
ownership and disposition of our ADSs.

Documents on Display

We are subject to certain of the information reporting requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as 
amended.  As  a  foreign  private  issuer,  we  are  exempt  from  the  rules  and  regulations  under  the  Securities  Exchange  Act 
prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt 
from the reporting and “short-swing” profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act, with 
respect to their purchase and sale of our shares. In addition, we are not required to file reports and financial statements with 
the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. companies whose securities are registered under the Securities Exchange Act. 
NASDAQ rules generally require that companies send an annual report to shareholders prior to the annual general meeting, 
however  we  rely  upon  an  exception  under  the  NASDAQ  rules  and  follow  the  generally  accepted  business  practice  for 
companies  in  Israel.  Specifically,  we  file  annual  reports  on  Form  20-F,  which  contain  financial  statements  audited  by  an 
independent  accounting  firm,  electronically  with  the  SEC  and  post  a  copy  on  our  website.  We  also  furnish  to  the  SEC 
quarterly reports on Form 6-K containing unaudited financial information after the end of each of the first three quarters.

The  SEC  maintains  a  website  that  contains  reports,  proxy  and  information  statements  and  other  information 
regarding  registrants  that  file  electronically  with  the  SEC,  and  our  SEC  reports  can  be  viewed  or  downloaded  there.  The 
address of this web site is http://www.sec.gov. In addition, information that we furnish or file with the SEC, including annual 
reports on Form 20-F, reports on Form 6-K, proxy and information statements and any amendments to, or exhibits included 
in,  those  reports  are  available  to  be  viewed  or  download,  free  of  charge,  on  our  website  at  http://www.nice.com/company/
investors as soon as reasonably practicable after such materials are filed or furnished with the SEC. Information contained, or 

87

that can be accessed through, our website does not constitute a part of this annual report and is not incorporated by reference 
herein, and we have included our website address in this annual report solely for informational purposes.

Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

General

Market risks relating to our operations result primarily from weak economic conditions in the markets in which we 
sell our products and changes in interest and exchange rates. To manage the volatility related to the latter exposure, we may 
enter into various derivative transactions. Our objective is to reduce, where it is deemed appropriate to do so, fluctuations in 
earnings and cash flows associated with changes in currency exchange rates. It is our policy and practice to use derivative 
financial instruments only to manage such exposures. We do not use financial instruments for trading purposes and we are 
not a party to any leveraged derivative.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk

We conduct our business primarily in U.S. dollars but also in the currencies of Israel, the U.K., the E.U., India and 
Philippines, as well as other currencies. Thus, we are exposed to foreign exchange fluctuations, primarily in NIS, GBP, EUR, 
INR and PHP. We monitor foreign currency exposure and from time to time we may use various instruments to preserve the 
value of sale transactions and commitments, however, this cannot assure us protection against risks of currency fluctuations. 
For  more  information  regarding  foreign  currency  related  risks,  please  refer  to  Item  3,  “Key  Information—General  Risks 
Relating to Our Business” of this annual report. We use currency forward contracts and option contracts in order to protect 
against the increase in value of forecasted non-dollar currency cash flows and to hedge future anticipated payments.

As of December 31, 2023, we had outstanding currency forward contracts to hedge payroll, facilities expenses and 
lease obligations, denominated in NIS, INR and PHP, in the total amount of approximately $209.21 million. The fair value 
adjustment of those contracts was approximately $719 thousand. These transactions were for a period of up to one year.

The following table details the balance sheet exposure (i.e., the difference between assets and liabilities) in our main 

foreign currencies, as of December 31, 2023, against the relevant functional currency.

Foreign currencies

USD
GBP
EUR

CAD

AUD

MXN

CHF

JPY

INR

SGD

HKD

NIS

PHP

BRL

Other currencies

Functional currencies

(In U.S. dollars in millions)

USD

GBP

CAD

MXN

AUD

SGD

1  $ 
—  $ 
20  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

19  $ 
—  $ 
—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

(2) $ 
—  $ 
—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

1  $ 
—  $ 
—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

8 
— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

$ 
$ 
$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

—  $ 
3  $ 
21  $ 

20  $ 

2  $ 

5  $ 

—  $ 

(6) $ 

(7) $ 

(15) $ 

(6) $ 

(16) $ 

(3) $ 

6  $ 

2  $ 

88

The  table  below  presents  the  fair  value  of  firmly  committed  transactions  for  lease  obligations  denominated  in 

currencies other than the U.S. dollar, which is our reporting currency:

Less than 1 year

1-3 years

3-5 years

Over 5 years

Total

(In U.S. dollars in millions)

New Israeli Shekel

Other currencies *

Total

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

(5) $ 

(8) $ 

(7) $ 

(13) $ 

(33) $ 

(2) $ 

(4) $ 

(4) $ 

(4) $ 

(14) $ 

(7) 

(12) 

(11) 

(17) 

(47) 

* 

Other currencies include the following currencies: AUD, EUR, GBP, INR, JPY, PHP, COP and SGD.

Interest Rate Risk

We are subject to interest rate risk on our investments and on our borrowings.

On  August  24,  2020,  we  issued  $460.0  million  aggregate  principal  amount  of  0%  exchangeable  senior  notes  due 

2025. 

On January 18, 2017, we issued $287.5 million aggregate principal amount of 1.25% exchangeable senior notes due 

2024. The principal amount as of December 31, 2023, is $87.4 million.

Our  outstanding  debt  obligations,  the  corresponding  interest  rates,  currency  and  repayment  schedules  as  of 

December 31, 2023, are set forth in the table below in U.S. dollar equivalent terms (in millions). 

Currency

Amount

Interest 
rate

2024

2025

(In millions)

Fixed Rate:

USD

Total:
Debt issuance costs, net 
of amortization

Unamortized discount

$  669.9 

0%-1.25% $  209.9  $  460.0 

$  669.9 

$  209.9  $  460.0 

(2.9) 

(0.1) 

Total:

$  666.9 

Our  investments  are  exposed  to  market  risk  due  to  fluctuations  in  interest  rates,  which  may  affect  our  interest 

income and the fair market value of our marketable securities portfolio.

Our short term investment portfolio consists of investment-grade corporate debentures, U.S. Government agencies 
and U.S. treasuries. As of December 31, 2023, 82.6% of our portfolio was in such securities and the remainder was in dollar 
deposits.

We  invest  in  dollar  deposits  with  U.S.  banks,  European  banks,  Israeli  banks  and  money  market  funds.  As  of 
December  31,  2023,  17.4%  of  our  portfolio  was  in  such  deposits.  Since  these  investments  are  for  short  periods,  interest 
income is sensitive to changes in interest rates.

89

 
 
The weighted average duration of the securities portfolio, as of December 31, 2023, is 1.68 years. The securities in 
our  marketable  securities  portfolio  are  rated  generally  as  A+  according  to  Standard  and  Poor’s  rating  or  A1,  according  to 
Moody’s rating. Securities representing 9.1% of the marketable securities portfolio are rated as AAA; securities representing 
18.7%  of  the  marketable  securities  portfolio  are  rated  as  AA;  securities  representing  67.4%  of  the  marketable  securities 
portfolio  are  rated  as  A;  securities  representing  3.7%  of  the  marketable  securities  portfolio  are  rated  as  BBB+  securities 
representing 0.5% of the marketable securities portfolio are rated as BBB and securities representing 0.5 % of the marketable 
securities portfolio are rated as BBB- after being downgraded during 2022. 

The table below presents the fair value of marketable securities which are subject to risk of changes in interest rate, 

segregated by maturity dates (in U.S. dollars, in millions):

Amortized Cost

Up to 1 
year

1-3 years 4-7 years

Corporate debentures

236.8

422.9

176.0

U.S. treasuries

U.S. government agencies

10.4

—

31.9

2.8

8.8

—

Estimated fair value

Up to 1 
year

1-3 years 4-7 years

233.8

413.6

173.1

10.3

—

31.4

2.8

8.9

—

Total

820.5

50.6

2.8

Total

835.8

51.2

2.8

Total

247.2

457.6

184.8

889.8

244.1

447.8

182.0

873.9

Other risks and uncertainties that could affect actual results and outcomes are described in Item 3, “Key Information 

– Risk Factors” in this annual report.

Item 12. 

Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities.

American Depositary Shares and Receipts

Set  forth  below  is  a  summary  of  certain  provisions  in  relation  to  charges  and  other  payments  under  the  Deposit 
Agreement, as amended, among NICE, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as depositary (the “Depositary”), and the owners and 
holders  from  time  to  time  of  ADRs  issued  thereunder  (the  “Deposit  Agreement”).  A  summary  of  rights  of  holders  and 
additional terms contained in the Deposit Agreement has been filed as Exhibit 2.4 to this Annual Report. These summaries 
are not complete and are qualified in their entirety by the Deposit Agreement, a form of which has been filed as Exhibit 99(a) 
to the Registration Statement on Form F-6 (Registration No. 333-203623) filed with the SEC on April 24, 2015, as amended 
by that certain Amendment No. 1 to the Deposit Agreement, a form of which has been filed as Exhibit 99(a)(2) to the Post-
Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Form F-6 (Registration No. 333-303623) filed with the SEC on April 29, 2020.

Charges of the Depositary

The Depositary may charge each person to whom ADSs are issued, including, without limitation, issuances against 
deposits  of  shares,  issuances  in  respect  of  share  distributions,  rights  and  other  distributions,  issuances  pursuant  to  a  stock 
dividend or stock split declared by us or issuances pursuant to a merger, exchange of securities or any other transaction or 
event affecting the ADSs or deposited securities, and each person surrendering ADSs for withdrawal of deposited securities 
or whose ADSs are cancelled or reduced for any other reason, $0.05 for each ADS issued, delivered, reduced, cancelled or 
surrendered,  as  the  case  may  be.  The  Depositary  may  sell  (by  public  or  private  sale)  sufficient  securities  and  property 
received in respect of a share distribution, rights or other distribution prior to such deposit to pay such charge.

The  following  additional  charges  shall  be  incurred  by  the  ADR  holders,  by  any  party  depositing  or  withdrawing 
shares or by any party surrendering ADSs or to whom ADSs are issued (including, without limitation, issuance pursuant to a 
stock  dividend  or  stock  split  declared  by  us  or  an  exchange  of  stock  regarding  the  ADSs  or  the  deposited  securities  or  a 
distribution of ADSs), whichever is applicable:

•

•

a fee of $1.50 per ADR for transfers of certificated or direct registration ADRs;

a fee of up to $0.05 per ADS for any cash distribution made pursuant to the Deposit Agreement;

90

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

a  fee  of  up  to  $0.05  per  ADS  per  calendar  year  (or  portion  thereof)  for  services  performed  by  the 
Depositary in administering the ADRs (which fee may be charged on a periodic basis during each calendar 
year  and  shall  be  assessed  against  holders  of  ADRs  as  of  the  record  date  or  record  dates  set  by  the 
Depositary during each calendar year and shall be payable in the manner described in the next succeeding 
provision);

a fee for the reimbursement of such fees, charges and expenses as are incurred by the Depositary or any of 
its  agents  (including,  without  limitation,  the  custodian  and  expenses  incurred  on  behalf  of  holders  in 
connection with compliance with foreign exchange control regulations or any law or regulation relating to 
foreign investment) in connection with the servicing of the shares or other deposited securities, the sale of 
securities  (including,  without  limitation,  deposited  securities),  the  delivery  of  deposited  securities  or 
otherwise  in  connection  with  the  Depositary’s  or  its  custodian’s  compliance  with  applicable  law,  rule  or 
regulation  (which  fees  and  charges  shall  be  assessed  on  a  proportionate  basis  against  holders  as  of  the 
record date or dates set by the Depositary and shall be payable at the sole discretion of the Depositary by 
billing  such  holders  or  by  deducting  such  charge  from  one  or  more  cash  dividends  or  other  cash 
distributions);

stock transfer or other taxes and other governmental charges;

cable, telex and facsimile transmission and delivery charges incurred at the request of an ADR holder in 
connection with the deposit or delivery of shares;

transfer or registration fees for the registration of transfer of deposited securities on any applicable register 
in connection with the deposit or withdrawal of deposited securities;

in connection with the conversion of foreign currency into U.S. dollars, the fees, charges and expenses of 
the Depositary (which are paid out of such foreign currency); and
fees of any division, branch or affiliate of the Depositary utilized by the Depositary to direct, manage or 
execute any public or private sale of securities under the deposit agreement.

The Depositary may generally refuse to provide services until it is reimbursed applicable amounts, including stock 

transfer or other taxes and other governmental charges, and is paid its fees for applicable services.

The fees and charges an ADR holder may be required to pay may vary over time and may be changed by us and by 

the Depositary. Our ADR holders will receive prior notice of the increase in any such fees and charges.

We will pay all other charges and expenses of the Depositary and any agent of the Depositary (except the custodian) 
pursuant to agreements from time to time between us and the Depositary. The charges described above may be amended from 
time to time by agreement between us and the Depositary.

Fees paid by the Depositary

Our  Depositary  has  agreed  to  reimburse  us  for  certain  expenses  we  incur  that  are  related  to  establishment  and 
maintenance of the ADR program upon such terms and conditions as we and the Depositary may agree from time to time. 
The Depositary may make available to us a set amount or a portion of the Depositary fees charged in respect of the ADR 
program or otherwise upon such terms and conditions as we and the Depositary may agree from time to time.

In  respect  of  2023,  we  received  a  payment  in  the  amount  of  approximately  $1  million  from  the  Depositary  as 

reimbursement for expenses we incurred in 2023 in relation to the maintenance and administration of the ADR program. 

91

Item 13. 

Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies.

PART II

None.

Item 14. 

Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 15. 

Controls and Procedures.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

An  evaluation  was  performed  under  the  supervision  and  with  the  participation  of  our  management,  including  our 
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of NICE’s disclosure controls and procedures (as 
defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of the end of the period covered by this 
report.  Based  on  that  evaluation,  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  (principal  executive  officer)  and  Chief  Financial  Officer 
(principal financial officer) concluded that NICE’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our  management  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control  over  our  financial 
reporting,  as  such  term  is  defined  in  Rule  15d-15(f)  under  the  Securities  Exchange  Act.  Our  internal  control  over  our 
financial reporting system was designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and 
the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements 
and even when determined to be effective can only provide reasonable assurance with respect to financial statements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023. 
Our management based its assessment on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on this assessment, our management 
has concluded that, as of December 31, 2023, our internal control over financial reporting is effective.

Attestation Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Our independent registered public accounting firm, Kost, Forer, Gabbay & Kasierer, a member of Ernst & Young 
Global independently assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and has issued an attestation 
report, which is included under Item 18 on page F-4 of this annual report.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by 
this  annual  report  that  have  materially  affected,  or  that  are  reasonably  likely  to  materially  affect,  our  internal  control  over 
financial reporting.

Item 16A. 

Audit Committee Financial Expert.

Our Board of Directors has determined that each of Dan Falk and Yocheved Dvir meets the definition of an audit 

committee financial expert, as defined in Item 407 of Regulation S-K and is independent under the applicable regulations.

92

Item 16B. 

Code of Ethics.

We  have  adopted  a  Code  of  Ethics  and  Business  Conduct  (the  “Code  of  Ethics”)  that  applies  to  our  principal 
executive and financial officers, and that also applies to all of our employees. If we make any substantive amendments to the 
Code of Ethics or grant any waiver from a provision of this code to our chief executive officer, principal financial officer or 
corporate controller, we will either disclose the nature of such amendment or waiver on our website or in our annual report on 
Form 20-F.

The Code of Ethics, among other things, summarizes the principles of our Anti-Bribery and Corruption Policy. We 
have zero tolerance for bribery and corruption and are committed to complying with applicable laws and regulations relating 
to the fight against bribery and corruption.

The  Code  of  Ethics  and  our  separate  Anti-Bribery  and  Corruption  Policy  are  each  available  on  our  website: 

www.nice.com. Written copies are available upon request without charge.

Item 16C. 

Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

Fees Paid to Independent Auditors

Fees billed or expected to be billed by Kost, Forer, Gabbay & Kasierer, a member of EY Global, and other members 

of EY Global for professional services for each of the last two fiscal years were as follows:

2023 Fees

2022 Fees

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

$ 

1,150  $ 
95  $ 
438  $ 
—  $ 

1,683  $ 

1,012 
73 
484 
— 

1,569 

Services Rendered
Audit (1)
Audit-related (2)
Tax (3)
All Other Fees

Total

(1)

(2)

(3)

Audit  fees  refer  to  audit  services  for  each  of  the  years  shown  in  this  table  which  include  fees  associated  with  the 
annual audit for each of 2022 and 2023 (including an audit in each such year in accordance with section 404 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley  Act),  certain  procedures  regarding  our  quarterly  financial  results  submitted  on  Form  6-K, 
consultations  concerning  financial  accounting  and  various  accounting  issues  and  performance  of  local  statutory 
audits.

Audit-related  fees  relate  to  assurance  and  associated  services  that  traditionally  are  performed  by  the  independent 
auditor, which include due diligence investigations and audit services related to other statutory or regulatory filings, 
mainly those related to mergers and acquisitions.

Tax fees refer to professional services rendered by our auditors, which include tax compliance, tax advice on actual 
or contemplated transactions, tax consulting associated with transfer pricing.

Policies and Procedures

Our  audit  committee  has  adopted  a  policy  and  procedures  for  the  pre-approval  of  audit  and  non-audit  services 
rendered by our external auditors, Kost, Forer, Gabbay & Kasierer, a member of EY Global. The policy, which is designed to 
ensure that such services do not impair the independence of our auditors, requires pre-approval from the audit committee on 
an annual basis for the various audit and non-audit services that may be performed by our auditors. If a type of service, that is 
to be provided by our auditors, has not received such general pre-approval, it will require specific pre-approval by our audit 
committee.  Any  proposed  services  exceeding  pre-approved  cost  levels  or  budgeted  amounts  will  also  require  specific  pre-
approval by our audit committee. The policy prohibits retention of the independent auditors to perform the prohibited non-
audit functions defined in Section 201 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 or the rules of the SEC, and also considers whether 
proposed services are compatible with the independence of the public auditors.

93

Item 16D. 

Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees.

Not applicable.

Item 16E. 

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers.

During 2023, we repurchased our ordinary shares as described in the table below.

Period

(a) Total 
number of 
shares 
purchased

(b) Average 
price paid per 
share

(c) Total 
number of 
shares 
purchased as 
part of publicly 
announced 
plans or 
programs

(d) Maximum 
number (or 
approximate 
dollar value) of 
shares that may 
yet be 
purchased 
under the plans 
or programs

January 1 - January 31

February 1 - February 28

March 1 - March 31

April 1 - April 30

May 1 - May 31

June 1 - June 30

July 1 - July 31

August 1 - August 31

September 1 - September 30

October 1 - October 31

November 1 - November 30

December 1 - December 31

Total

(In dollars, except share amounts)

67,876 

241,416 

335,732 

14,324 

3,500 

333,251 

132,613 

42,307 

128,632 

197,628 

1,497,279 

220.25 

206.12 

183.47 

200.79 

204.71 

198.26 

176.65 

169.63 

177.66 

197.30 

192.63 

67,876 

241,416 

— 

335,732 

14,324 

3,500 

333,251 

132,613 

42,307 

128,632 

197,628 

246,682,595 

231,732,928 

181,971,396 

120,374,875 

117,498,774 

116,782,272 

50,710,707 

27,285,198 

20,108,461 

297,255,790 

258,264,136 

1,497,279 

  1,668,667,132 

On November 9, 2022, our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $250 million of our issued 
and outstanding ordinary shares and ADRs. The Company fully executed the $250 million share repurchase program before 
the end of 2023. On November 15, 2023, our Board of Directors authorized an additional program to repurchase up to $300 
million of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares and ADRs which commenced following completion of the repurchase 
program that was authorized by our Board of Directors in 2022. Repurchases may be made from time to time in the open 
market or in privately negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable securities laws and regulations. The timing and 
amount of the repurchase transactions will be determined by management and may depend on a variety of factors including 
market conditions, alternative investment opportunities and other considerations.

These programs do not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of ordinary shares and ADRs and each program 

may be modified or discontinued at any time without prior notice. 

Item 16F. 

Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant.

None.

94

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 16G. 

Corporate Governance.

We follow the Israeli Companies Law, the relevant provisions of which are summarized in this annual report, rather 
than comply with the NASDAQ requirements relating to: (i) the quorum for shareholder meetings (see Item 10, “Additional 
Information – Memorandum and Articles of Association – Meetings of Shareholders” in this annual report); (ii) shareholder 
approval with respect to issuance of securities under equity-based compensation plans (see Item 10, “Additional Information 
–  Memorandum  and  Articles  of  Association  –  Approval  of  Certain  Transactions”  and  “Approval  of  Office  Holder 
Compensation” in this annual report); and (iii) sending annual reports to shareholders (see Item 10, “Additional Information – 
Documents on Display” in this annual report).

Item 16H. 

Mine Safety Disclosure.

Not Applicable.

Item 16I.

Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

Not Applicable.

Item. 16K.     Cybersecurity 

Cybersecurity  forms  an  integral  part  of  our  risk  management  practices.  We  have  established  and  maintain  a 
Cybersecurity  Risk  Program  which  has  been  developed  to  assess,  identify  and  manage  material  risks  from  cybersecurity 
threats.  Our  program  is  inclusive  of  related  information  security  policies  and  procedures  to  protect  the  confidentiality, 
integrity,  and  availability  of  the  information  contained  within  our  systems,  products,  and  services,  and  to  assess,  identify, 
manage,  and  address  cybersecurity  risks.  Our  internal  cybersecurity  policies  and  procedures  incorporate  industry  best 
practices and are assessed annually as part of our Cybersecurity Risk Program review. These policies and procedures include 
information security policies, incident response procedure, risk assessment procedures and a vendor management policy. 

We  have  verified  our  information  security  management  policies  and  procedures  and  received  certifications  in 
accordance with the ISO 27001:2013 information security management standard and ISO 27701:2019 privacy management 
standard as well as other certifications such as FedRAMP, SOC 2 Type II Applications, PCI DSS, and HITRUST for specific 
business lines. 

We  utilize  multiple  third-party  experts  to  support  our  program,  to  advise  us  on  best  practices  and  assist  us  in 
evaluating  and  enhancing  our  cybersecurity  practices.  These  experts  include  threat  monitoring  service  providers,  cyber 
software and managed service providers, penetration testing firms, forensic investigators, cybersecurity consultants, and legal 
counsel specializing in the cyber domain.

We regularly conduct cybersecurity risk assessments and audits, both internally and through the engagement of third 
parties.  These  processes  include  regular  scanning  of  our  information  systems  for  vulnerabilities,  including  by  conducting 
penetration testing, and we maintain tools to detect unusual or unauthorized activities that may affect our systems, products, 
and services. We also retain the services of a reputable third-party firm for threat monitoring and detection. 

We require that employees, contractors, partners, and vendors understand their cybersecurity responsibilities. All of 

our employees conduct an annual cybersecurity training and other on-going cybersecurity awareness exercises.

We maintain third party risk management process in order to identify, assess and mitigate the risks associated with 
our third-party service providers. As part of this process, we impose contractual obligations related to information security 
and require that our third-party partners maintain adequate security measures and controls to ensure the security of our data.  

Our  incident  response  policy  provides  guidelines  for  the  handling  and  reporting  of  cybersecurity  incidents.  In  the 
event  of  a  potential  cybersecurity  incident,  our  Security  Operations  Center  (SOC)  conducts  an  initial  assessment  and, 
depending on the severity of the incident, provides a report regarding the incident to our Corporate VP Information Security. 
The Corporate VP Information Security then consults with other internal and external parties, depending upon the nature and/
or  severity  of  the  incident,  including  members  of  our  Cyber  Incident  Response  Team  (CIRT)  and  our  General  Counsel. 
Depending  on  the  assessed  potential  materiality  of  an  incident,  notification  may  be  given  to  our  Chief  Financial  Officer, 
Chief  Executive  Officer,  the  Chair  of  the  Board’s  Internal  Audit  Committee,  and  the  Chairman  of  our  Board  of  Directors. 

95

Additional  guidelines  covered  under  our  incident  response  policy  include  steps  for  incident  identification,  containment, 
eradication, recovery, and lessons learned activities. 

Our  Cybersecurity  Risk  Program  is  run  by  our  Corporate  VP  Information  Security  who  reports  to  our  Chief 
Financial Officer. Our Corporate VP Information Security has significant experience assessing and managing cybersecurity 
programs and risks and has extensive cybersecurity knowledge. Members of the corporate cybersecurity team are responsible 
for implementing and maintaining the cybersecurity program and practices for the Company. Other cybersecurity teams and 
professionals  within  our  Company  have  the  responsibility  to  implement  and  maintain  cybersecurity  processes  within  their 
business  lines.  Such  teams  and  individuals  work  in  coordination  with  our  corporate  cybersecurity  team  and  under  the 
guidance  of  our  Corporate  VP  Information  Security.  The  corporate  cybersecurity  team  works  closely  with  the  SOC  team, 
which serves as the central hub for monitoring and responding to security incidents and is trained to support our management 
in incident related matters. 

Our  management  is  committed  to  maintaining  a  robust  cybersecurity  program,  which  includes  supplying  the 
necessary resources to sustain the program, including people, tools, processes, procedures, and education. Cybersecurity risks 
and controls are evaluated and reviewed regularly by our senior management, including as part of our internal audits that are 
presented  to  the  Internal  Audit  Committee  of  the  Board  of  Directors.  Our  Board  of  Directors  has  ultimate  oversight  of 
cybersecurity risk management as part of its general oversight function. Our Board of Directors receives and reviews updates, 
reports and presentations related to cybersecurity threats and trends as well as to our cybersecurity program.   

Through  the  date  of  filing  this  annual  report,  cybersecurity  threats,  including  as  a  result  of  any  previous 
cybersecurity incidents, have not materially affected our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. If a 
material cybersecurity incident will occur in the future, it may have an adverse effect on our business or financial condition.  
For information on the market risks relating to cybersecurity, please see Item 3 “Risks Relating to Information and Product 
Security and Intellectual Property” in this annual report.

96

PART III

Item 17. 

Financial Statements.

Not Applicable.

Item 18. 

Financial Statements.

See pages F-1 through F-55 of this annual report attached hereto.

Item 19. 

Exhibits.

Exhibit No.

Description

1.1

1.2

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

8.1

12.1

12.2

Amended  and  Restated  Memorandum  of  Association,  as  approved  on  December  21,  2006  (English 
translation) (filed as Exhibit 1.1 to NICE Ltd.’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on June 13, 
2007, and incorporated herein by reference).

Amended and Restated Articles of Association, as amended on December 21, 2016 (filed as Exhibit 1.2 to 
NICE Ltd.’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on April 21, 2017, and incorporated herein by 
reference).

Form of Share Certificate (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Amendment No. 1 to NICE Ltd.’s Registration Statement 
on  Form  F-1  (Registration  No.  333-99640)  filed  with  the  SEC  on  December  29,  1995,  and  incorporated 
herein by reference).

Form  of  Deposit  Agreement  including  Form  of  ADR  Certificate  (filed  as  Exhibit  1  to  NICE  Ltd.’s 
Registration  Statement  on  Form  F-6  (Registration  No.  333-203623)  filed  with  the  SEC  on  April  24,  2015, 
and incorporated herein by reference).

Form  of  Amendment  No.  1  to  the  Deposit  Agreement,  including  Form  ADR  Certificate  (filed  as  Exhibit 
99(a)(2) to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Form F-6 (Registration No. 333-303623) filed with 
the SEC on April 29, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference. 

Description of Securities (filed as Exhibit 2.4 to NICE Ltd.'s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC 
on March 30, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference).
NICE  Ltd.'s  Executives  &  Directors  Compensation  Policy  (filed  as  Exhibit  A  in  Exhibit  99.1  of  NICE's  
Report on Form 6-K filed with the SEC on June 8, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference).

inContact,  Inc.  2008  Equity  Incentive  Plan  (filed  as  Exhibit  4.4  to  NICE  Ltd.’s  Registration  Statement  on 
Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-191176) filed with the SEC on November 15, 2016, and incorporated herein 
by reference).

Nexidia Inc. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 4.4 to NICE-Systems Ltd.’s Registration Statement 
on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-191176) filed with the SEC on March 23, 2016, and incorporated herein 
by reference).

Guardian  Analytics,  Inc.  2006  Stock  Plan  (filed  as  Exhibit  4.4  to  NICE  Ltd.’s  Registration  Statement  on 
Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-249186), filed with the SEC on October 1, 2020, and incorporated herein by 
reference).

2017 Indenture, dated January 18, 2017 (filed as Exhibit 4.16 to NICE Ltd.’s Annual Report on Form 20-F 
filed with the SEC on April 21, 2017, and incorporated herein by reference). 
2020 Indenture, dated August 27, 2020 (filed as Exhibit 4.14 to NICE Ltd.'s Annual Report on Form 20-F 
filed with the SEC on March 23, 2021, and incorporated herein by reference).
NICE Ltd. 2016 Share Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 4.7 to NICE Ltd's Annual Report on Form 20-F filed 
with the SEC on March 30, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference).

List of significant subsidiaries.
Certification  by  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  NICE  Ltd.,  pursuant  to  Section  302  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley 
Act 2002.
Certification by the Chief Financial Officer of NICE Ltd., pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 
of 2002.

97

13.1

13.2

15.1

97.1

101

Certification by the Chief Executive Officer of NICE Ltd., pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted 
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification  by  the  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  NICE  Ltd.,  pursuant  to  18  U.S.C.  Section  1350,  as  adopted 
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Consent of Kost, Forer, Gabbay & Kasierer, a member of EY Global.

NICE Ltd. Policy for Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation. 

The  following  financial  information  from  NICE  Ltd.’s  Annual  Report  on  Form  20-F  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2023, formatted in Inline XBRL ("iXBRL"): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 
2023 and 2022; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 
2021;  (iii)  Statements  of  Changes  in  Shareholders’  Equity  and  Comprehensive  Income  for  the  years  ended 
December  31,  2023,  2022  and  2021;  (iv)  Consolidated  Statements  of  Cash  Flows  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021; and (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

98

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2023

IN U.S. DOLLARS

INDEX

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 1281)

F - 2

Page

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Statements of Income

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

F - 7

F - 9

F - 10

F - 11

F - 14

F - 16

Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer
144 Menachem Begin Road, Building A,
Tel-Aviv 6492102, Israel

Tel: +972-3-6232525
Fax: +972-3-5622555
ey.com

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of

NICE Ltd.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of NICE Ltd. and its subsidiaries (the "Company") 
as of December 31, 2023, and 2022, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes 
in shareholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, and the 
related notes (collectively referred to as the "Consolidated Financial Statements"). In our opinion, the Consolidated 
Financial Statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 
2023, and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended 
December 31, 2023, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria 
established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the 
Treadway  Commission  (2013  framework)  and  our  report  dated  March  27,  2024,  expressed  an  unqualified  opinion 
thereon.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an 
opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with 
the  PCAOB  and  are  required  to  be  independent  with  respect  to  the  Company  in  accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal 
securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform  the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  financial  statements  are  free  of  material 
misstatement,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud.  Our  audits  included  performing  procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of 
material  misstatement  of  the  financial  statements,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  performing  procedures  that 
respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and 
disclosures  in  the  financial  statements.  Our  audits  also  included  evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and 
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. 
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The  critical  audit  matters  communicated  below  are  matters  arising  from  the  current  period  audit  of  the  financial 
statements  that  were  communicated  or  required  to  be  communicated  to  the  audit  committee  and  that:  (1)  relate  to 
accounts  or  disclosures  that  are  material  to  the  financial  statements  and  (2)  involved  our  especially  challenging, 
subjective  or  complex  judgments.  The  communication  of  the  critical  audit  matters  does  not  alter  in  any  way  our 
opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical 
audit  matters  below,  providing  separate  opinions  on  the  critical  audit  matters  or  on  the  accounts  or  disclosures  to 
which they relate.

F-2

Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer
144 Menachem Begin Road, Building A,
Tel-Aviv 6492102, Israel

Tel: +972-3-6232525
Fax: +972-3-5622555
ey.com

Description 
of the 
Matter

Revenue Recognition
As  described  in  Note  2  to  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements,  the  Company  generates 
revenues  mainly  from  licensing  its  software  products  and  services,  including  cloud-based 
services.  The  Company  enters  into  contracts  with  customers  that  often  include  promises  to 
transfer multiple products and services, which are accounted for separately if they are distinct 
performance obligations. In such contracts, the transaction price is then allocated to the distinct 
performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis and revenue is recognized 
when control of the distinct performance obligation is transferred. Revenues from cloud-based 
services are recognized either ratably over the contract period or based on usage, as applicable.

The accounting for contracts with multiple elements which include a software license requires 
the  company  to  exercise  significant  judgment  in  determining  revenue  recognition  for  these 
contracts and includes: (a)1identification and determination of whether products and services 
are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately based 
on  the  terms  and  conditions  of  the  relevant  agreements,  (b)  determination  of  stand-alone 
selling prices for each distinct performance obligation that is not sold separately. For products 
that are not sold separately, directly observable data is generally not available, which requires 
the Company to  make significant assumptions regarding the stand-alone selling prices of the 
related  performance  obligations  based  on,  among  others,  geographic  or  regional-specific 
factors  and  internally  approved  pricing  guidelines,  and  (c)  the  pattern  of  transferring  control 
(i.e.,  timing  of  when  revenue  is  recognized)  for  each  distinct  performance  obligation.  For 
cloud-based  revenues  recognized  based  on  usage,  the  processing  and  recognition  of  revenue 
are highly automated and involve capturing and pricing significant volumes of data.

Given  these  factors,  the  related  audit  effort  in  evaluating  management’s  judgments  in 
determining  revenue  recognition  for  these  customer  contracts  was  extensive  and  required  a 
high degree of auditor judgment.

How We 
Addressed 
the Matter 
in Our 
Audit

We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design, and tested the operating effectiveness of 
the  Company's  process  and  controls  to  identify  and  determine  the  distinct  performance 
obligations,  the  relative  standalone  selling  price  for  each  performance  obligation,  and  the 
determination of the timing of revenue recognition.

Our audit procedures included, among others, evaluating the methodology and reasonableness 
of management’s assumptions used for the estimate of stand-alone selling prices on a sample 
basis for products and services that are not sold separately.

For  a  sample  of  customers,  we:  (1)  obtained  and  read  contract  source  documents,  including 
master  agreements,  and  other  documents  that  were  part  of  the  agreement,  (2)  tested 
management’s identification of significant terms for completeness, including the identification 
and determination of distinct performance obligations, (3) tested management’s calculations of 
revenue and the associated timing of revenue recognition, and (4) we involved IT professionals 
with  specialized  skill  and  knowledge  to  assist  in  testing  certain  internal  controls  over  the 
Company’s  revenue  process,  including  controls  over  the  capture  related  usage  transactional 
information  through  the  Company’s  IT  systems.  On  a  sample  basis,  we  tested  usage  and 
accordingly observed that usage attributes such as duration and type of service were captured 
in the relevant IT systems.

F-3

Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer
144 Menachem Begin Road, Building A,
Tel-Aviv 6492102, Israel

Tel: +972-3-6232525
Fax: +972-3-5622555
ey.com

Description 
of the 
Matter

Business Combination
As  described  in  Note  1  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  during  2023,  the  Company 
completed  its  acquisition  of  LiveVox  Holding  Inc.  for  total  consideration  of  $424.1  million. 
The transaction was accounted for as a business combination.

Auditing the Company's accounting for its acquisition of LiveVox Holding Inc. was complex 
due to the significant estimation required by management in determining the fair value of the 
identified  intangible  assets,  which  principally  consisted  of  technology  intangible  asset  in  the 
amount of $137.5 million (hereinafter, “the Intangible Asset”). The significant estimation was 
primarily due to the judgmental nature of the inputs to the valuation models used to measure 
the fair value of this Intangible Asset, as well as the sensitivity of the respective fair value to 
the underlying significant assumptions. The Company used the discounted cash flow method 
of  the  income  approach  to  measure  the  fair  value  of  this  Intangible  Asset.  The  significant 
assumptions  used  to  estimate  the  fair  value  of  the  Intangible  Asset  included,  among  others, 
discount  rate,  projected  revenue  growth  rates  and  royalty  rate.  These  significant  assumptions 
are forward-looking and could be affected by future economic and market conditions.

How We 
Addressed 
the Matter 
in Our 
Audit

We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design, and tested the operating effectiveness of 
controls  over  the  Company's  process  for  accounting  of  acquisition  of  intangible  assets.  For 
example,  we  tested  controls  over  management’s  review  of  the  valuation  of  intangible  assets, 
including the review of the valuation model and significant assumptions used in the valuation.

To test the fair value of this acquired intangible asset, our audit procedures included, among 
others,  evaluating  the  Company's  use  of  valuation  methodologies,  evaluating  the  prospective 
financial information, and testing the completeness and accuracy of underlying data supporting 
the  significant  assumptions  and  estimates.  For  example,  we  compared  the  significant 
assumptions to current industry, market and economic trends, historical results of the acquired 
business and to other relevant factors.

We involved our valuation professionals to assist in evaluation of the methodology used by the 
Company  and  certain  assumptions  included  in  the  fair  value  estimates.  For  example,  our 
valuation  professionals  performed  independent  comparative  calculations  to  estimate  the 
acquired entity discount rate.

/s/ KOST FORER GABBAY & KASIERER                                                                        
A Member of Ernst & Young Global
We have served as the Company's auditor since 1995.
Tel-Aviv, Israel
March 27, 2024

F-4

Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer
144 Menachem Begin Road, Building A,
Tel-Aviv 6492102, Israel

Tel: +972-3-6232525
Fax: +972-3-5622555
ey.com

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of NICE Ltd.

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited NICE Ltd. and its subsidiaries' internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, 
based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control-Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, NICE Ltd. and 
its subsidiaries (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting 
as of December 31, 2023, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related 
consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders' equity and cash flows for each 
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes and our report dated March 27, 2024, 
expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for 
its  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  included  in  the  accompanying 
Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
the  Company's  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  our  audit.  We  are  a  public  accounting  firm 
registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the 
U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and 
the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was 
maintained in all material respects.

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a 
material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on 
the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe 
that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

F-5

Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer
144 Menachem Begin Road, Building A,
Tel-Aviv 6492102, Israel

Tel: +972-3-6232525
Fax: +972-3-5622555
ey.com

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding 
the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those 
policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly 
reflect  the  transactions  and  dispositions  of  the  assets  of  the  company;  (2)  provide  reasonable  assurance  that 
transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally 
accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance 
with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (3)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding 
prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have 
a material effect on the financial statements.  

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. 
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become 
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may 
deteriorate.

/s/ KOST FORER GABBAY & KASIERER
A Member of Ernst& Young Global
Tel-Aviv, Israel
March 27, 2024

F-6

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS:

Cash and cash equivalents

Short-term investments

Trade receivables (net of allowance for credit losses of $16,712 and $9,253 at 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively)

Debt hedge option

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Total current assets

LONG-TERM ASSETS:

Prepaid expenses and other long-term assets

Property and equipment, net

Deferred tax assets

Operating lease right-of-use assets

Other intangible assets, net

Goodwill

Total long-term assets

Total assets

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

December 31,

2023

2022

$ 

511,795  $ 

529,596 

896,044 

1,041,943 

585,154 

121,922 

197,967 

518,517 

122,323 

204,754 

2,312,882 

2,417,133 

219,332 

174,414 

178,971 

104,565 

305,501 

231,496 

159,285 

116,889 

102,893 

209,605 

1,821,969 

1,617,118 

2,804,752 

2,437,286 

$ 

5,117,634  $ 

4,854,419 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

Trade payables

Deferred revenues and advances from customers

Current maturities of operating leases liabilities

Debt

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

Total current liabilities

LONG-TERM LIABILITIES:

Deferred revenues and advances from customers

Accrued severance pay

Deferred tax liabilities

Debt

Operating leases

Other long-term liabilities

Total long-term liabilities

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:

Share capital-

Ordinary shares of NIS 1 par value:

Authorized: 125,000,000 shares at December 31, 2023 and 2022; Issued: 74,774,827 
and 74,774,827 shares at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively; Outstanding: 
62,870,669 and 63,634,991 shares at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively

Additional paid-in capital

Treasury shares at cost – 11,904,158 and 11,139,836 Ordinary shares at December 31, 
2023 and 2022, respectively

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Retained earnings

Total attributable to NICE Ltd.'s shareholders

Non-controlling interests

Total shareholders' equity

December 31,

2023

2022

$ 

66,036  $ 

302,649 

13,747 

209,229 

528,660 

56,019 

338,930 

13,525 

209,292 

523,451 

1,120,321 

1,141,217 

52,458 

17,078 

8,596 

457,081 

102,909 

4,691 

57,211 

16,446 

7,336 

455,382 

99,262 

22,142 

642,813 

657,779 

18,961 

18,961 

2,123,487 

1,951,035 

(1,005,104)   

(743,054) 

(59,110)   

(111,255) 

2,262,898 

3,341,132 

1,926,398 

3,042,085 

13,368 

13,338 

3,354,500 

3,055,423 

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity

$ 

5,117,634  $ 

4,854,419 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

Revenue:
Cloud
Services
Product

Total revenue

Cost of revenue:

Cloud
Services
Product

Total cost of revenue

Gross profit

Operating expenses:

Research and development, net
Selling and marketing
General and administrative

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Year ended December 31,
2022

2023

2021

$ 

1,581,825  $ 
641,387 
154,296 

1,295,323  $ 
650,116 
235,855 

1,018,624 
660,083 
242,443 

2,377,508 

2,181,294 

1,921,150 

553,654 
188,890 
25,629 

472,805 
183,938 
26,945 

410,671 
191,137 
22,648 

768,173 

683,688 

624,456 

1,609,335 

1,497,606 

1,296,694 

322,708 
599,114 
252,286 

306,073 
609,833 
246,527 

271,187 
536,192 
225,406 

Total operating expenses

1,174,108 

1,162,433 

1,032,785 

Operating income
Financial expenses (income) and other, net

Income before taxes on income
Taxes on income

Net income

Basic earnings per share

Diluted earnings per share

435,227 

335,173 

(22,473)   

(10,159)   

457,700 
119,399 

345,332 
79,387 

263,909 

23,290 

240,619 
41,396 

338,301

265,945

199,223

$ 

$ 

5.32  $ 

4.17  $ 

5.11  $ 

4.00  $ 

3.15 

2.98 

Weighted average number of shares (in thousands) used in computing:
Basic earnings per share

63,590

63,790

63,189

Diluted earnings per share

66,265

66,465

66,896

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

U.S. dollars in thousands

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Net income

Year ended
December 31,
2022

2023

2021

$ 

338,301  $ 

265,945  $ 

199,223 

Change in foreign currency translation adjustment

13,810 

(27,582)   

(7,402) 

Available-for-sale investments:

Change in net unrealized gains (losses)
Less - reclassification adjustment for net losses (gains) realized and 
included in net income

18,029 

(33,319)   

(13,368) 

12,271 

419 

(1,403) 

Net change (net of tax effect of ($4,130), $4,483 and $2,012)

30,300 

(32,900)   

(14,771) 

Cash flow hedges:

Change in unrealized gains (losses)
Less - reclassification adjustment for net gains (losses) realized and 
included in net income

(5,300)   

(18,223)   

5,024 

13,335 

7,189 

(5,928) 

Net change (net of tax effect of ($1,096), $1,505 and $123)

8,035 

(11,034)   

(904) 

Total other comprehensive income (loss)

52,145 

(71,516)   

(23,077) 

Comprehensive income

$ 

390,446  $ 

194,429  $ 

176,146 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

U.S. dollars in thousands

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Balance as of January 1, 2023

Stock-based compensation

Issuance of treasury shares under share-based 
compensation plan (733,472 ordinary shares)

Treasury shares purchase

Other comprehensive income

Equity awards assumed for acquisitions

Dividends Paid to non-controlling interest

Net income attributable to Nice Shareholders

Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests

Share
capital

Additional
paid-in
capital

Treasury 
shares

Accumulated 
other 
comprehensive 
loss

Retained 
earnings

Non-
controlling 
Interest

Total
shareholders'
equity

$ 

18,961  $ 

1,951,035  $  (743,054)  $ 

(111,255)  $ 

1,926,398  $ 

13,338  $ 

3,055,423 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

183,302 

— 

(23,923)   

26,496 

— 

— 

13,073 

— 

— 

— 

(288,546)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

52,145 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

336,500 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(1,771)   

— 

1,801 

183,302 

2,573 

(288,546) 

52,145 

13,073 

(1,771) 

336,500 

1,801 

Balance as of December 31, 2023

$ 

18,961  $ 

2,123,487  $ (1,005,104)  $ 

(59,110)  $ 

2,262,898  $ 

13,368  $ 

3,354,500 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

U.S. dollars in thousands

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Share
capital

Additional
paid-in
capital

Treasury 
shares

Accumulated 
other 
comprehensive 
loss

Retained 
earnings

Non-
controlling 
Interest

Total
shareholders'
equity

Balance as of January 1, 2022

$ 

18,961  $ 

1,817,710  $ 

(625,810)  $ 

(39,739)  $ 

1,653,963  $ 

12,874  $ 

2,837,959 

Adoption of ASU 2020-06 (Note 2k)

Stock-based compensation

Issuance of treasury shares under share-based 
compensation plan (840,766 ordinary shares)

Treasury shares purchase

Other comprehensive income

Dividends Paid to non-controlling interest

Net income attributable to NICE Shareholders  
Net loss attributable to non-controlling 
interests
Balance as of December 31, 2022

$ 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(28,816)   

188,888 

— 

— 

(26,747)   

27,700 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(144,944)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(71,516)   

— 

— 

— 

7,331 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

265,104 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(21,485) 

188,888 

953 

(144,944) 

(71,516) 

(376)   

(376) 

— 

840 

265,104 

840 

18,961  $ 

1,951,035  $ 

(743,054)  $ 

(111,255)  $ 

1,926,398  $ 

13,338  $ 

3,055,423 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

U.S. dollars in thousands

Share
capital

Additional
paid-in
capital

Treasury 
shares

Accumulated 
other 
comprehensive 
loss

Retained 
earnings

Non-
controlling 
Interest

Total
shareholders'
equity

Balance as of January 1, 2021

$ 

18,961  $ 

1,681,587  $ 

(574,364)  $ 

(16,662)  $ 

1,454,388  $ 

24,574  $ 

2,588,484 

Stock-based compensation

Issuance of treasury shares under 
share-based compensation plan 
(717,500 ordinary shares)

Treasury shares purchase
Other comprehensive income

Equity component of 
exchangeable notes, net of 
issuance costs and deferred tax
Equity awards assumed for 
acquisitions

Purchase of subsidiaries' shares 
from non-controlling, net

Dividends Paid to non-
controlling interest

Net income attributable to NICE 
Shareholders

Net loss attributable to non-
controlling interests

— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

156,373 

— 

(17,194)   

21,618 

— 
— 

75 

183 

(3,314)   

— 

— 

— 

(73,064)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(23,077)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

156,373 

4,424 

(73,064) 
(23,077) 

75 

183 

(9,594)   

(12,908) 

(1,754)   

(1,754) 

199,575 

— 

199,575 

— 

(352)   

(352) 

Balance as of December 31, 2021 $ 

18,961  $ 

1,817,710  $ 

(625,810)  $ 

(39,739)  $ 

1,653,963  $ 

12,874  $ 

2,837,959 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements

F-13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

U.S. dollars in thousands

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Year ended
December 31,
2022

2023

2021

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net income

$ 

338,301  $ 

265,945  $ 

199,223 

Adjustments required to reconcile net income to net cash provided by 
operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization

Share-based compensation

Accrued severance pay, net

Amortization of premium, discount and accrued interest on marketable 
securities

Deferred taxes, net

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Trade receivables, net

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Trade payables

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

Operating lease right-of-use assets

Deferred revenue

Realized loss on marketable securities, net

Operating lease liabilities

Amortization of discount on long-term debt

Loss from extinguishment of debt

Change in fair value of contingent consideration

Other

167,360 

176,658 

789 

176,546 

182,704 

1,171 

2,480 

8,322 

(66,620)   

(52,618)   

(34,292)   

(129,712)   

73,052 

3,426 

(55,703)   

12,518 

(45,947)   

12,271  

(31,673)   

19,923 

33,684 

20,393 

6,417 

— 

184,092 

153,030 

597 

11,867 

(39,316) 

(85,778) 

(79,624) 

(389) 

64,179 

15,075 

30,770 

— 

(11,100)   

(26,191)   

(18,011) 

4,615 

53 

(18,258)   

1,827 

4,582 

1,206 

— 

14,469 

13,969 

— 

(984)   

(2,337) 

Net cash provided by operating activities

561,430 

479,715 

461,816 

Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchase of property and equipment

Purchase of investments

Proceeds from sales of marketable investments

Payments for business acquisitions, net of cash acquired

Capitalization of internal use software costs

(29,205)   

(31,893)   

(24,771) 

(230,263)   

(396,297)   

(322,129) 

436,044 

355,560 

270,645 

(415,185)   

(29,724)   

(142,804) 

(54,974)   

(49,997)   

(42,440) 

Net cash used in investing activities

(293,583)   

(152,351)   

(261,499) 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

U.S. dollars in thousands

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Year ended
December 31,

2023

2022

2021

Cash flows from financing activities:

Proceeds from issuance of shares upon exercise of options

Purchase of treasury shares

Dividends paid to non-controlling interest 

Purchase of subsidiaries shares from non-controlling interest

Repayment of debt

2,570 

953 

(288,443)   

(144,944)   

(1,771)   

— 

(376)   

— 

4,426 

(73,180) 

(1,754) 

(14,000) 

(2,628)   

(20,132)   

(177,308) 

Net cash used in financing activities

(290,272)   

(164,499)   

(261,816) 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash

2,643 

(8,425)   

(2,112) 

Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the year

(19,782)   

533,096 

154,440 

378,656 

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the year

$ 

513,314  $ 

533,096  $ 

(63,611) 

442,267 

378,656 

Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported in 
the consolidated balance sheet:

Cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash included in other current assets

$ 

511,795  $ 

529,596  $ 

378,656 

1,519 

3,500 

— 

Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of 
cash flows

$ 

513,314  $ 

533,096  $ 

378,656 

Supplemental disclosure of cash flows activities:

Cash paid during the year for:

Income taxes

Interest

Non-cash activities:

Change in fair value of contingent consideration

Increase in accrued expenses and other liabilities with respect to purchase 
of treasury shares

$ 

210,445  $ 

123,586  $ 

97,258 

1,221 

2,974 

688 

(18,258)   

103 

— 

— 

— 

4 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 1:- GENERAL

a. General:

NICE  Ltd.  (together  with  its  subsidiaries,  “NICE”,  or  the  “Company”)  is  a  global  enterprise  software 
leader,  providing  AI-powered  cloud  platforms  that  serve  two  main  markets:  Customer  Engagement  and 
Financial  Crime  and  Compliance.  The  Company's  core  mission  is  to  transform  experiences  to  be 
extraordinary  and  trusted  and  create  a  frictionless  and  safe  digital-first  consumer  reality  where  every 
interaction is intelligent, meaningful and effortless. The Company's solutions are used by organizations of 
all sizes and are offered in multiple delivery models, including cloud and on-premises.

The Company's strategy is based on serving rapidly expanding, specialized markets that require feature-rich 
solutions,  with  robust,  comprehensive  cloud  platforms  that  are  spearheaded  by  AI  as  an  overarching 
catalyst,  propelling  our  unique  AI-driven  vectors  of  growth:  using  AI  differentiation  to  expand  the 
Company cloud win rates, positioning AI as the bedrock for driving rapid expansion into digital, utilizing 
AI to fuel massive platform-adoption and leveraging AI as a lucrative source for new domain-specific use-
cases.

In  the  Customer  Engagement  market,  The  Company  enables  organizations  to  transform  experiences  with 
specialized  AI-powered  solutions  aimed  at  augmenting  employee  activities  with  smart  copiloting 
capabilities,  delivering  seamless  automated  customer  self-service  using  conversational  AI,  orchestrating 
journeys  across  multiple  channels  and  intents,  meeting  consumers  wherever  they  choose  to  begin  their 
journey, providing them with the knowledge element they need, and creating smarter personalized customer 
interactions.  The  Company  helps  organizations  transform  their  workforce  experience  with  AI-powered 
solutions  aimed  at  guiding  and  engaging  employees,  optimizing  operations  and  automating  processes  to 
deliver  seamless  transition  between  automated  service  and  human-assisted  interactions.  The  Company  is 
also digitally transforming the evidence process from police investigators and district attorneys to court and 
correction facilities, providing a single, streamlined view of the truth as the core of our Public Safety and 
Justice business, which is part of the Company Customer Engagement segment.

In the Financial Crime and Compliance market, the Company protects financial services organizations, with 
solutions that identify risks and help prevent money laundering and fraud, as well as help ensure financial 
markets  compliance  in  real-time.  With  the  Company's  holistic,  data  and  entity-centric  approach,  the 
Company helps financial services organizations address the new dynamic of financial crime threats, which 
are significantly growing in the digital era.

The Company is at the forefront of several industry technological disruptions that have greatly accelerated 
in  the  last  several  years:  the  growing  acceptance  and  adoption  of  specialized  AI-powered  solutions 
combining domain-specific use-cases, Generative AI and large language models (LLMs), the adoption of 
cloud  platforms  by  organizations  of  all  sizes  and  verticals,  the  shift  of  consumer  and  organizational 
preferences towards digital-centric services and experiences, an increase in consumer cross channel, self-
service  usage  and  the  need  to  manage,  optimize  and  engage  a  diverse  workforce  while  retaining  and 
attracting top talent. The Company's suite of integrated solutions, based on The Company's unique domain 
expertise,  enables  customer  service,  financial  crime  prevention  and  criminal  justice  organizations  to 

F-16

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 1:-     GENERAL (Cont.)

innovate  and  thrive  with  industry-leading  cloud  platforms  that  use  domain-specific  data  and  AI  powered 
solutions.

b. Acquisitions:

1. Acquisitions in 2023:

a. On December 2023, the Company completed an acquisition of LiveVox Inc. (“LiveVox”), a leading 
AI-driven proactive outreach provider. The Company acquired LiveVox for a total consideration of  
$424,117. 

Upon consummation of the acquisition, LiveVox became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. 
The  acquisition  was  accounted  for  as  a  business  combination.  This  method  requires,  among  other 
things, that assets acquired, and liabilities assumed in the business combination be recognized at their 
fair values as of the acquisition date.

The following table presents details of the identified intangible assets acquired as of the date of the 
acquisition:

Net tangible assets and liabilities assumed

Trademarks

Technology

Customer relationships

Goodwill

Total

Estimated 
useful life (in 
years)

5

5

5

Fair Value

$ 

63,575 

4,930 

137,462 

31,957 

186,193 

424,117 

$ 

Goodwill generated from this business combination is primarily attributable to synergies between the 
Company's  and  LiveVox's  respective  products  and  services.  The  goodwill  is  not  deductible  for 
income tax purposes.

Pro forma results of operations related to this acquisition have not been prepared because they are not 
material to the Company's consolidated financial statements.

The preliminary fair value of assets acquired, and liabilities assumed from the acquisition, completed 
during 2023, were based upon preliminary calculations and valuations, and the estimates and 
assumptions for this acquisition are subject to change as the Company obtains additional information 
during the respective measurement periods (up to one year from the respective acquisition dates).

During 2023, the Company acquired certain additional companies, which were accounted for as 
business combinations for a total consideration of $22,815. The financial results of those acquired 
companies are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from their respective 
acquisition dates. The results from these acquisitions individually and in aggregate, were not material 
to the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company preliminary recorded $13,247 of 
identifiable intangible assets based on their estimated fair values, and $10,682 of residual goodwill, 
from these acquisitions.

F-17

 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 1:-     GENERAL (Cont.)

2. Acquisitions in 2022:

a. On November 14, 2022, the Company completed an acquisition for a total consideration of $50,381 
as  follow:  $30,000  cash  consideration;  Milestone-based  contingent  payment  in  a  total  sum  of  up  to 
$24,000  payable  in  March  2026.  The  contingent  consideration  was  measured  at  fair  value  at  the 
closing date and recorded as a liability on the balance sheet in the amount of $20,381.

Upon consummation of the acquisition, the acquired company became a wholly-owned subsidiary of 
the Company. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination. As of the acquisition date 
the Company preliminarily recorded core technology, customer relationships, trademark and goodwill 
in amounts of $12,470; $9,058; $459 and $28,039, respectively. The estimated useful life of the core 
technology,  customer  relationships,  and  trademark  is  four  years,  four  years  and  three  years, 
respectively.

Goodwill generated from this business combination is attributed to synergies between the Company's 
and  acquired  company  respective  products  and  services.  The  goodwill  is  not  deductible  for  income 
tax purposes.

The  results  of  the  acquired  company's  operations  have  been  included  in  the  consolidated  financial 
statements since November 14, 2022. Pro forma results of operations related to this acquisition have 
not been prepared because they are not material to the Company's consolidated financial statements.

The estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed from the acquisition completed 
during 2022 was based upon preliminary calculations and valuations. These estimates were finalized 
during 2023 as part of the measurement period and the resulting change in fair value for the twelve 
months ended December 31, 2023 was non-cash income of  $18,258 included as a change in the fair 
value of contingent consideration under general and administrative operating expenses in the 
consolidated statements of income. This was primarily driven by lower expected performance 
measurements of the acquired entity as determined in the purchase agreement.

The fair value of the contingent consideration arrangement was classified within Level 3 and was 
determined  using a probability-based scenario analysis approach. The resulting probability-weighted 
contingent consideration amounts were discounted based on the Company's estimated cost of debt.  

3. Acquisitions in 2021:

a. On  June  17,  2021, 

the  acquisition  of  ContactEngine  Limited 
("ContactEngine"),  a  leading  AI  automation  provider  for  customer  self-service.  The  Company 
acquired ContactEngine for a total consideration of $94,897.

the  Company  completed 

Upon  consummation  of  the  acquisition,  ContactEngine  became  a  wholly-owned  subsidiary  of  the 
Company. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination. As of the acquisition date the 
Company  preliminarily  recorded  core  technology,  customer  relationships,  customer  backlog  and 
goodwill in amounts of $20,558; $3,279; $5,493 and $69,593, respectively. The estimated useful life 
of the core technology, customer relationships, and customer backlog is five years, six years and two 
years, respectively.

Goodwill generated from this business combination is attributed to synergies between the Company's 
and ContactEngine's respective products and services. The goodwill is not deductible for income tax 
purposes.

F-18

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 1:-     GENERAL (Cont.)

The results of ContactEngine's operations have been included in the consolidated financial statements 
since June 17, 2021. Pro forma results of operations related to this acquisition have not been prepared 
because they are not material to the Company's consolidated financial statements.

b. During  2021,  the  Company  acquired  certain  additional  companies,  which  were  accounted  for  as 
business  combinations  for  a  total  consideration  of  $59,317.  The  financial  results  of  those  acquired 
companies  are  included  in  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  from  their  respective 
acquisition dates. The results from these acquisitions individually and in aggregate, were not material 
to the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company preliminary recorded $20,036 of 
identifiable intangible assets based on their estimated fair values, and $38,590 of residual goodwill, 
from these acquisitions.

The estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed from acquisitions completed during 
2021 were based upon preliminary calculations and valuations. These estimates were finalized during 
2022 as part of the measurement period. See Note 8 regarding changes made during 2022.

4. Acquisitions related costs:

During 2023, 2022 and 2021, acquisition related costs amounted to $13,987, $48 and $1,761, 
respectively, and were included in general and administrative expenses.

NOTE 2:-

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with United States Generally Accepted 
Accounting Principles ("U.S. GAAP").

a. Use of estimates:

The  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  U.S.  GAAP  requires 
management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions. The Company's management believes that the 
estimates, judgments and assumptions used are reasonable based upon information available at the time they 
are  made.  These  estimates,  judgments  and  assumptions  can  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and 
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, and the 
reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  during  the  reporting  period.  Actual  results  could  differ  from 
those estimates.

b. Financial statements in United States dollars:

The  currency  of  the  primary  economic  environment  in  which  the  operations  of  NICE  Ltd.  and  certain 
subsidiaries are conducted is the U.S. dollar ("dollar"); thus, the dollar is the functional currency of NICE 
Ltd. and certain subsidiaries.

NICE Ltd. and certain subsidiaries' transactions and balances denominated in dollars are presented at their 
original amounts. Non-dollar transactions and balances have been remeasured to dollars in accordance with 
ASC  830,  “Foreign  Currency  Matters”.  All  transaction  gains  and  losses  from  remeasurement  of  monetary 
balance  sheet  items  denominated  in  non-dollar  currencies  are  reflected  in  the  statements  of  income  as 
financial income or expenses, as appropriate.

For those subsidiaries whose functional currency has been determined to be a non-dollar currency, assets and 
liabilities are translated at year-end exchange rates and statement of income items are translated at average 

F-19

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 2:-     SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

exchange  rates  prevailing  during  the  year.  Such  translation  adjustments  are  recorded  as  a  separate 
component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in shareholders' equity.

c. Principles of consolidation:

The  consolidated  financial  statements  incorporate  the  financial  statements  of  the  Company  and  all  of  its 
subsidiaries. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.

d. Cash equivalents:

Cash equivalents are short-term unrestricted highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into cash, 
with original maturities of three months or less at acquisition.

e. Marketable securities:

The Company accounts for investments in debt securities in accordance with ASC 320, "Investments - Debt 
Securities"  and  ASC  No.  326,  "Financial  Instruments  -  Credit  Losses".  Management  determines  the 
appropriate classification of its investments in debt securities at the time of purchase and re-evaluates such 
determinations at each balance sheet date.

Marketable  securities  classified  as  "available-for-sale"  ("AFS")  are  carried  at  fair  value.  Unrealized  gains 
and losses are reported in a separate component of shareholders' equity in accumulated other comprehensive 
income, net of taxes. Gains and losses are recognized when realized, on a specific identification basis, in the 
Company's consolidated statements of income.

For each reporting period, the Company evaluates whether declines in fair value below the amortized cost 
are due to expected credit losses, as well as the Company's ability and intention to hold the investment until 
a  forecasted  recovery  occurs,  in  accordance  with  ASC  326.  Allowance  for  credit  losses  on  AFS  debt 
securities  are  recognized  as  a  charge  in  financial  expenses  (income)  and  other,  net,  on  the  consolidated 
statements of income, and any remaining unrealized losses, net of taxes, are included in accumulated other 
comprehensive income (loss). As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, no credit losses have been recorded.

The Company classifies all securities with maturities beyond 12 months as current assets under the caption 
short term investments on the consolidated balance sheet. These securities are available to support current 
operations and the company may sell these debt securities prior to their stated maturities.

f. Property and equipment, net:

Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using 
the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, at the following annual periods ranges:

Computers and peripheral equipment

Internal use software

Office furniture and equipment

Leasehold improvements

g. Internal use software costs:

Years

3 - 5

3

4 - 14
Over  the  lease  term  or  the  estimated  useful  life 
of the improvements, whichever is shorter

The  Company  capitalizes  development  costs  incurred  during  the  application  development  stage  that  are 
related to internal use technology that supports its cloud services. Under ASC 350-40, internal-use software 

F-20

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 2:-     SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

is included in property and equipment, net in the consolidated balance sheets. Capitalization of such costs 
begins  when  the  preliminary  project  stage  is  complete  and  ceases  at  the  point  in  which  the  project  is 
substantially  complete  and  is  ready  for  its  intended  purpose.  Costs  incurred  in  the  process  of  software 
production are charged to expenses as incurred.

h. Other intangible assets, net:

Other intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method, at the 
following annual periods ranges:

Core technology
Customer relationships
Trademarks
Customer backlog

i.

Impairment of long-lived assets:

Years
4 – 8
3 – 9
3 – 12
3

The  Company's  long-lived  assets  and  identifiable  intangibles  that  are  subject  to  amortization  are  reviewed 
for impairment in accordance with ASC 360, "Property, Plant, and Equipment" whenever events or changes 
in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Impairment indicators 
include any significant changes in the manner of the Company's use of the assets and significant negative 
industry or economic trends.

Upon  determination  that  the  carrying  value  of  a  long-lived  asset  may  not  be  recoverable  based  upon  a 
comparison  of  aggregate  undiscounted  projected  future  cash  flows  to  the  carrying  amount  of  the  asset,  an 
impairment  charge  is  recorded  for  the  excess  of  the  carrying  amount  over  fair  value.  In  2023,  2022  and 
2021, no impairment charges were recognized.

j. Goodwill:

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price in a business combination over the fair value of the net 
tangible  and  intangible  assets  acquired.  Under  ASC  350,  "Intangible  -  Goodwill  and  Other"  ("ASC  350"), 
goodwill is not amortized, but rather is subject to an annual impairment test. If the Company determines that 
it  is  more  likely  than  not  that  the  fair  value  of  a  reporting  unit  is  less  than  its  carrying  value,  then  the 
Company prepares a quantitative analysis to determine whether the carrying value of reporting unit exceeds 
its  estimated  fair  value.  If  the  carrying  value  of  a  reporting  unit  exceeds  its  estimated  fair  value,  the 
Company  recognizes  an  impairment  of  goodwill  for  the  amount  of  this  excess,  in  accordance  with  the 
guidance in FASB Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other 
(Topic 350).
For  each  of  the  three  years  in  the  period  ended  December  31,  2023,  2022  and  2021,  no  impairment  was 
identified.

F-21

 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 2:-     SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

k. Exchangeable senior notes:

Through December 31, 2021, prior to the adoption of ASU 2020-06, the Company separately accounted for 
the liability and equity components of convertible debt instruments that may be settled in a combination of 
cash and shares. The liability component at issuance is recognized at fair value, based on the fair value of a 
similar instrument that did not have a conversion feature. The equity component was based on the excess of 
the proceeds over the fair value of the liability component, after adjusting for an allocation of debt issuance 
costs, and was recorded as paid-in capital. 

Debt  discounts  were  amortized  as  additional  non-cash  interest  expense  over  the  expected  life  of  the  debt. 
The  Company  allocated  the  total  issuance  costs  incurred  to  the  liability  and  equity  components  of  the 
exchangeable senior notes based on the same proportions as the proceeds from the notes.

On December 31, 2021, the Company entered into the First Supplemental Indenture to the 2017 Indenture 
(the  "First  Supplemental  Indenture").  In  accordance  with  the  First  Supplemental  Indenture,  the  Company 
irrevocably elected cash settlement for the principal and any premium due upon conversion to apply to all 
conversions of notes issued under the 2017 Indenture (the "2017 Notes") with an Exchange date (as defined 
in the 2017 Indenture) that occurs on or after December 31, 2021. As a result, the conversion feature of the 
2017  Notes  was  required  to  be  bifurcated  from  the  debt  host  and  accounted  for  separately  as  a  derivative 
liability. As such the Company recognized a derivative liability at an amount equal to the fair value of the 
conversion feature at that date. Subsequent changes in fair value of the bifurcated conversion derivative are 
reflected in financial income (expenses) on a net basis.

Additionally, on December 2021, the Company made an irrevocable election to settle the principal amount 
of the 2020 Notes only in cash. Accordingly, upon conversion, the Company will pay the principal amount 
in cash and will pay, or deliver, as the case may be, any amount in excess of the principal amount in cash, 
shares  of  common  stock  or  a  combination  of  cash  and  shares  of  the  Company  stock,  at  the  Company's 
election. Prior to this election, upon conversion, the Company, could have elected to deliver to holders cash, 
shares  of  the  Company's  common  stock  or  a  combination  of  cash  and  shares  of  the  Company's  common 
stock for the principal amount.

Starting January 1, 2022, the Company adopted ASU 2020-06, which simplifies the guidance on the issuer’s 
accounting for convertible debt instruments by removing the separation models for (1) convertible debt with 
a cash conversion feature and (2) convertible instruments with a beneficial conversion feature. As a result, 
the Company does not separately present in equity an embedded conversion feature in such debt. Instead, the 
Company  accounts  for  a  convertible  debt  instrument  wholly  as  debt,  unless  the  debt  contains  embedded 
derivatives required to be bifurcated or the debt is issued at a substantial premium.

The  Company  recognized  a  cumulative  effect  of  initially  applying  ASU  2020-06  as  an  adjustment  to  the 
January 1, 2022 opening balance of accumulated deficit. The Company combined the previously separated 
equity component with the liability component, which together is classified as debt, thereby eliminating the 
subsequent  amortization  of  the  debt  discount  as  interest  expense.  Similarly,  the  portion  of  issuance  costs 
previously allocated to equity was reclassified to debt and amortized as interest expense. Accordingly, the 
Company  recorded  as  of  January  1,  2022  an  increase  to  retained  earnings  of  approximately  $7,331,  a 
decrease  to  additional  paid-in  capital  of  $28,816,  an  increase  to  long-term  debt  of  $24,758,  a  decrease  to 
deferred tax liabilities of $2,937, and an increase in debt issuance costs of $336. There will be an impact to 
earnings per share as a result of the adoption based on the if-converted method if the Company average share 
price will exceed the conversion price of $299.19 of the 2020 Notes, then there will be an impact to earnings 
per  share  for  the  dilution  impact  above  the  conversion  price  as  a  result  of  the  adoption  based  on  the  if-
converted method. The prior period consolidated financial statements have not been retrospectively adjusted 
and continue to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods (See Note 15 "Debt" 
for further details).

F-22

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 2:-     SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

l. Revenue recognition:

The  Company  generates  revenues  from  sales  of  cloud,  services,  and  software  products,  which  include 
software  license,  SaaS,  network  connectivity,  hosting,  support  and  maintenance,  implementation, 
configuration,  project  management,  consulting  and  training.  The  Company  sells  its  cloud,  products  and 
services  directly  through  its  sales  force  and  indirectly  through  a  global  network  of  distributors,  system 
integrators and strategic partners.

The  Company  recognizes  revenues  in  accordance  with  ASC  No.  606,  "Revenue  from  Contracts  with 
Customers" ("ASC 606"). Under the standard, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains 
control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects 
to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for contracts that are 
within the scope of the standard, the Company performs the following five steps:

1) Identify the contract(s) with a customer

A contract with a customer exists when (i) there is an enforceable contract with the customer that defines 
each  party’s  rights  regarding  the  goods  or  services  to  be  transferred  and  identifies  the  payment  terms 
related  to  these  goods  or  services;  (ii)  the  contract  has  commercial  substance;  and  (iii)  the  Company 
determines that collection of substantially all consideration for goods or services that are transferred is 
probable  based  on  the  customer’s  intent  and  ability  to  pay  the  promised  consideration.  The  Company 
applies judgment in determining the customer's ability and intent to pay, which is based on a variety of 
factors, including the customer's historical payment experience.

2) Identify the performance obligations of the contract 

The  Company  enters  into  contracts  that  can  include  multiple  performance  obligations.  The  Company 
accounts for individual products and services separately if they are distinct – i.e., if a product or service is 
separately  identifiable  from  other  promises  in  the  contract  and  if  a  customer  can  benefit  from  it  on  its 
own or with other resources that are readily available to the customer.

3) Determine the transaction price 

The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which the Company will be entitled in 
exchange for transferring goods or services to the customer. 

Payment  terms  and  conditions  vary  by  contract  type.  In  instances  where  the  timing  of  revenue 
recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, the Company determines its contracts generally to not 
include a significant financing component since the Company's selling prices are not subjected to billing 
terms nor is its purpose to receive financing from its customers or to provide customers with financing. In 
addition,  the  Company  elected  to  apply  the  practical  expedient  to  not  adjust  the  promised  amount  of 
consideration  for  the  effects  of  a  significant  financing  component  if  the  Company  expects,  at  contract 
inception,  that  the  period  between  when  the  Company  will  transfer  a  promised  good  or  service  to  a 
customer and when the customer will pay for that good or service will be one year or less.

Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in a contract with a customer, excluding taxes 
assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-
producing transaction, that are collected by the Company from a customer. 

4) Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

The  Company  allocates  the  transaction  price  to  each  performance  obligation  identified  based  on  its 
relative standalone selling price ("SSP") out of the total consideration of the contract.

F-23

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 2:-     SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

The  Company  uses  judgment  in  determining  the  SSP.  If  the  SSP  is  not  observable  through  standalone 
transactions,  the  Company  estimates  the  SSP  taking  into  account  available  information  such  as 
geographic or regional specific factors, internal costs, profit objectives, and internally approved pricing 
guidelines related to the performance obligations.

The Company typically establishes a SSP range for its products and services, which is reassessed on a 
periodic basis or when facts and circumstances change. SSP for products and services can evolve over 
time  due  to  changes  in  the  Company's  pricing  practices  that  are  influenced  by  intense  competition, 
changes in demand for products and services, and economic factors, among others.

For a product where the SSP cannot be determined based on observable prices, given the same products 
are sold for a broad range of amounts (that is, the selling price is highly variable), the SSP included in a 
contract with multiple performance obligations is determined by applying a residual approach whereby 
all  other  performance  obligations  within  a  contract  are  first  allocated  a  portion  of  the  transaction  price 
based upon their respective SSPs, with any residual amount of transaction price allocated to these product 
revenues.

5) Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation

The Company derives its cloud revenues from subscription services, which are comprised of subscription 
fees  from  granting  customers  access  to  the  Company’s  cloud  platforms,  network  connectivity  and 
services fees for deployment of certain cloud platforms. 

Revenue  from  subscription  services  is  recognized  either  ratably  over  the  contract  period  or  based  on 
usage, revenue from network connectivity is based on customer call usage and is recognized in the period 
the call is initiated, and services fees for deployment are amortized over average customer life.

Revenue from software licenses, support and maintenance services are recognized at the time the related 
performance  obligation  is  satisfied  by  transferring  the  promised  product  or  service  to  the  customer. 
Software license revenues are recognized at the point in time when the software license is delivered and 
the  customer  obtains  control  of  the  asset.  Support  and  maintenance  service  revenues  are  recognized 
ratably  over  the  term  of  the  underlying  maintenance  contract  term.  Renewals  of  maintenance  contracts 
create new performance obligations that are satisfied over the term with the revenues recognized ratably 
over the period of the renewal.

Professional services revenues, except fees for deployment of certain cloud platforms, are recognized as 
services are performed.

Deferred revenues, which represent a contract liability, represent unrecognized fees collected mostly for 
maintenance,  cloud  and  professional  services.  Deferred  revenues  are  recognized  as  (or  when)  the 
Company  performs  under  the  contract.  The  amount  of  revenues  recognized  in  the  period  that  was 
included  in  the  opening  deferred  revenues  balance  was  approximately  $299,598  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2023.

As of December 31, 2023, the aggregate amount of the total transaction price allocated in contracts with 
original  duration  greater  than  one  year  of  the  remaining  performance  obligations  was  approximately 
$2,544,325. For performance obligations which are recognized over time, based on usage, the Company 
elected to disclose only the contractual minimum attributed to these performance obligations, as part of 
the remaining performance obligation disclosure.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company expects to recognize the majority of the revenue of remaining 
performance  obligations  over  the  next  24  months.  Such  remaining  performance  obligations  represent 
unsatisfied  or  partially  unsatisfied  performance  obligations  pursuant  to  ASC  606.  The  Company  has 

F-24

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 2:-     SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

elected the optional exemption, which allows for the exclusion of the amounts for remaining performance 
obligations that are part of contracts with an original expected duration of one year or less. 

m. Costs to Obtain Contracts:

The  Company  capitalizes  certain  sales  commission  as  costs  of  obtaining  a  contract  when  they  are 
incremental  and  if  they  are  expected  to  be  recovered.  The  Company  applies  judgment  in  estimating  the 
amortization  period  by  taking  into  consideration  customer  contract  terms,  history  of  renewals,  expected 
length  of  customer  relationship,  as  well  as  the  useful  life  of  the  underlying  technology  and  products. 
Amortization  of  sales  commission  expenses  are  included  in  Selling  and  Marketing  expenses  in  the 
accompanying consolidated statements of income. For costs that the Company would have capitalized and 
amortized over one year or less, the Company has elected to apply the practical expedient and expense these 
contract costs as incurred. Costs to obtain contracts amortization expense for the years 2023, 2022 and 2021 
were $142,699, $135,437 and $130,466, respectively.

n. Research and development costs:

Research and development costs (net of grants and capitalized expenses) incurred in the process of software 
production are charged to expenses as incurred.

o. Income taxes:

To  prepare  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  Company  estimates  its  income  taxes  in  each  of  the 
jurisdictions  in  which  it  operates,  and  in  certain  of  these  jurisdictions,  it  is  calculated  based  on  the 
Company's  assumptions  as  to  its  entitlement  to  various  benefits  under  the  applicable  tax  laws  in  the 
jurisdiction. The entitlement to such benefits depends upon the Company's compliance with the terms and 
conditions set out in these laws.

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, "Income Taxes". ASC 740 prescribes 
the  use  of  the  liability  method  whereby  deferred  tax  asset  and  liability  account  balances  are  determined 
based  on  differences  between  financial  reporting  and  tax  bases  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  are  measured 
using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The 
Company  provides  a  valuation  allowance,  if  necessary,  to  reduce  deferred  tax  assets  to  the  amount  that  is 
more likely than not to be realized. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are presented under long-
term assets and long-term liabilities, respectively.

The Company implements a two-step approach to recognize and measure uncertain tax positions. The first 
step is to evaluate the tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return by determining if the weight 
of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that, on an evaluation of the technical merits, 
the tax position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes. 
The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% (on a cumulative 
basis) likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement.

The Company classifies interest and penalties on income taxes (which includes uncertain tax positions) as 
taxes  on  income.  The  Company  applies  ASU  2019-12,  Income  Taxes  (Topic  740):  Simplifying  the 
Accounting  for  Income  Taxes.  This  standard  simplifies  the  accounting  for  income  taxes  by  eliminating 
certain exceptions to the guidance in Topic 740 related to the approach for intra-period tax allocation, the 
methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities 
for outside basis differences. ASU 2019-12 also simplifies aspects of the accounting for franchise taxes and 
enacted changes in tax laws or rates and clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a step-up in the 
tax basis of goodwill and allocating consolidated income taxes to separate financial statements of entities not 
subject to income tax.

F-25

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 2:-     SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

p. Non-royalty grants:

Non-royalty bearing grants from the Government of Israel for funding research and development projects are 
recognized at the time the Company is entitled to such grants on the basis of the related costs incurred and 
recorded as a deduction from research and development expenses.

q. Concentrations of credit risk:

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally 
of  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  trade  receivables,  marketable  securities  and  foreign  currency  derivative 
contracts.

The  Company's  cash  and  cash  equivalents  are  invested  in  deposits  and  money  market  funds,  mainly  in 
dollars with major international banks. Deposits in the U.S. may be in excess of insured limits and are not 
insured in other jurisdictions. Generally, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand and therefore bear 
minimal risk.

The Company's trade receivables are derived from sales to customers generated from a multitude of markets 
in countries around the world with the largest proportion denominated in the US dollar. The Company 
performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and insures some of its receivables with a credit 
insurance company. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers for the purpose of 
determining the appropriate allowance for credit losses.

The Company's marketable securities include investment in corporate debentures, U.S. Treasuries and U.S. 
government agencies. The Company's investment policy limits the amount that the Company may invest in 
any  one  type  of  investment  per  minimum  credit  rating  or  specific  issuer,  thereby  reducing  credit  risk 
concentrations.

The  Company  enter  into  foreign  currency  forward  and  option  contracts  intended  to  protect  cash  flows 
resulting from payroll and facilities related expenses against the volatility in value of forecasted non-dollar 
currency. The derivative instruments hedge a portion of the Company's non-dollar currency exposure. See 
Note 10 for additional information.

r. Severance pay:

The  Israeli  Severance  Pay  Law-1963  (the  "Severance  Pay  Law")  generally  requires  payment  of  severance 
pay  upon  dismissal  of  an  employee  or  upon  termination  of  employment  in  certain  circumstances.  The 
Company  makes  ongoing  deposits  into  Israeli  employees'  pension  plans  to  fund  their  severance  liabilities. 
According to Section 14 of the Severance Pay Law, the Company deposits for employees employed by the 
Company since May 1, 2009 are made in lieu of the Company's severance liability, therefore no obligation is 
provided for in the financial statements. Severance Pay liabilities for employees employed by the Company 
prior to May 1, 2009, as well as employees with special contractual arrangements, are provided for in the 
financial statements based upon the latest monthly salary multiplied by the number of years of employment.

Severance pay expenses for 2023, 2022 and 2021 amounted to $10,917, $8,328 and $8,810, respectively.

The Company also has other liabilities for severance pay in other jurisdictions.

The  Company  has  multiple  401(k)  defined  contribution  plans  covering  certain  employees  in  the  U.S.  All 
eligible  employees  may  elect  to  contribute  a  portion  of  their  eligible  compensation,  generally  not  greater 
than an annual contribution of $22.5 in 2023 and $19.5 in both 2022 and 2021 (for certain employees over 
50 years of age the maximum annual contribution was $30 per year in 2023 and $26 in 2021 and in 2020) of 
their total annual compensation to the plan through salary deferrals, subject to IRS limits. The Company, at 
its  discretion,  matches  50%  of  employee  contributions  to  the  plan  up  to  a  limit  of  6-8%  of  their  eligible 

F-26

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 2:-     SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

compensation.  In  the  years  2023,  2022  and  2021,  the  Company  recorded  an  expense  for  all  matching 
contributions in the amount of $11,599; $9,887 and $9,366, respectively.

s. Leases

Under Topic 842, the Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. ROU assets and lease 
liabilities  are  recognized  at  commencement  date  based  on  the  present  value  of  remaining  lease  payments 
over the lease term. For this purpose, the Company considers only payments that are fixed and determinable 
at the time of commencement. As most of the Company leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company 
uses  its  incremental  borrowing  rate  based  on  the  information  available  at  commencement  date  in 
determining  the  present  value  of  lease  payments.  The  incremental  borrowing  rate  is  estimated  to 
approximate  the  interest  rate  on  a  collateralized  basis  with  similar  terms  and  payments.  The  ROU  asset  is 
recorded net of any lease incentives received. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the 
lease  when  it  is  reasonably  certain  that  the  Company  will  exercise  such  options.  The  Company's  lease 
agreements  may  contain  variable  costs  such  as  common  area  maintenance,  insurance,  real  estate  taxes  or 
other costs. Variable lease costs are expensed as incurred on the consolidated statements of income.

The Company elected to combine its lease and non-lease components for car leases and to not recognize a 
lease liability and a right-of-use ("ROU") asset on the balance sheet for leases with a term of twelve months 
or less. The Company recognizes the associated lease payments in the consolidated statements of income on 
a straight-line basis over the lease term.

t. Basic and diluted net earnings per share:

Basic  net  earnings  per  share  are  computed  based  on  the  weighted  average  number  of  ordinary  shares 
outstanding during each year. Diluted net earnings per share are computed based on the weighted average 
number  of  ordinary  shares  outstanding  during  each  year  plus  dilutive  potential  equivalent  ordinary  shares 
considered outstanding during the year, in accordance with ASC 260, "Earnings per Share".

As  further  described  in  Note  15,  the  Company  entered  into  an  exchangeable  note  hedge  transaction  and 
warrants transaction in 2017. While the exchangeable note hedge transaction is anti-dilutive and as such is 
not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share, the warrants transaction had a dilutive effect, 
and as such, was included in the computation of the diluted earnings per share. The number of shares related 
to the outstanding exchangeable note hedge transaction is 3,457,475.

On December 31, 2021, the Company entered into the First Supplemental Indenture according to which the 
Company irrevocably elected cash settlement for the principal and any premium due upon conversion to 
apply to all conversions of the 2017 Notes issued under the 2017 Notes with an Exchange Date (as defined 
in the 2017 Indenture) that occurs on or after December 31, 2021. As a result, the 2017 Notes do not have a 
dilutive effect for the year ended  December 31, 2023 and 2022 . Prior to December 31, 2021, the Company 
had the intention and ability to settle the exchangeable senior notes issued in 2017 in cash, therefore the 
2017 Notes did not have a dilutive effect for the years ended December 31, 2021. 

On December 31, 2021, the Company irrevocably elected to settle the principal of the exchangeable senior 
notes issued in 2020 in cash. As a result, the Company will use the if converted method for calculating any 
potential dilutive effect on diluted net income per share, if applicable. The conversion premium will have a 
dilutive impact on diluted net income per share only when the average market price of an ordinary share for 
a given period exceeds the conversion price of $299.19 per share. As a result, 1,537,504 shares underlying 
the conversion option of the exchangeable senior notes issued in 2020 are not considered in the calculation 
of diluted net income per share in either 2021, 2022 or 2023, as the effect would be anti-dilutive.

The  weighted  average  number  of  shares  related  to  outstanding  anti-dilutive  options  excluded  from  the 
calculations  of  diluted  net  earnings  per  share  was  4,096,  18,161  and  4,754  for  the  years  2023,  2022  and 
2021, respectively.

F-27

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 2:-     SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

u. Accounting for stock-based compensation:

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, "Compensation - Stock 
Compensation" ("ASC 718"), which requires the measurement and recognition of stock base compensation 
expenses  based  on  estimated  fair  values  for  all  share-based  payment  awards  made  to  employees  and 
directors. ASC 718 requires companies to estimate the fair value of equity-based payment awards on the date 
of grant using an option-pricing model and account for forfeitures as they occur.

The  Company  recognizes  compensation  expenses  for  the  value  of  its  awards,  which  have  graded  vesting, 
based  on  the  accelerated  attribution  method  over  the  requisite  service  period  of  each  of  the  awards.  The 
Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur.

The  Company  estimates  the  fair  value  of  stock  options  granted  using  the  Black-Scholes-Merton  option-
pricing  model,  which  requires  a  number  of  assumptions:  the  expected  volatility  is  based  upon  actual 
historical stock price movements; the expected term of options granted is based upon historical experience 
and represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding; the risk-free interest 
rate  is  based  on  the  yield  from  U.S.  Federal  Reserve  zero-coupon  bonds  with  an  equivalent  term;  and  the 
expected  dividend  rate  (an  annualized  dividend  yield)  is  based  on  the  per  share  dividend  declared  by  the 
Company's Board of Directors.

The Company measures the fair value of restricted stock based on the market value of the underlying shares 
at the date of grant.

v. Fair value of financial instruments:

The  Company  applies  ASC  820,  "Fair  Value  Measurements  and  Disclosures"  ("ASC  820")  for  valuing 
financial instruments. Under this standard, fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an 
asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., the "exit price") in an orderly transaction between market participants 
at the measurement date. The Company measures its investments in money market funds classified as cash 
equivalents, marketable securities, foreign currency derivative contracts, exchangeable notes hedge and its  
contingent consideration arrangement at fair value.

In determining fair value, the Company uses various valuation approaches. ASC 820 establishes a hierarchy 
for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of 
unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs 
are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data 
obtained  from  sources  independent  of  the  Company.  Unobservable  inputs  are  inputs  that  reflect  the 
Company's assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability 
developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.

The hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the inputs as follows:

• Level 1 - Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets that the Company has the 
ability to access. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an 
active market, valuation of these products does not entail a significant degree of judgment.

• Level 2 - Valuations based on one or more quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all 

significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.

• Level  3  -  Valuations  based  on  inputs  that  are  unobservable  and  significant  to  the  overall  fair  value 

measurement.

The  availability  of  observable  inputs  can  vary  from  investment  to  investment  and  is  affected  by  a  wide 
variety  of  factors,  including,  for  example,  the  type  of  investment,  the  liquidity  of  markets  and  other 

F-28

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 2:-     SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

characteristics particular to the transaction. To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are 
less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment and 
the investments are categorized as Level 3.

The Company's marketable securities, exchangeable senior notes and foreign currency derivative contracts 
are classified within Level 2 (see Notes 3, 10 and 15).

The fair value of the contingent consideration arrangement was classified within Level 3 and was determined  
using a probability-based scenario analysis approach. The resulting probability-weighted contingent 
consideration amounts were discounted based on the Company's estimated cost of debt.

The  carrying  amounts  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  short-term  bank  deposits,  trade  receivables  and  trade 
payables  approximate  their  fair  value  due  to  the  immediate  or  short-term  maturities  of  these  financial 
instruments.

w. Legal contingencies:

The Company is currently involved in various claims and legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of 
business. The Company reviews the status of each matter and assesses its potential financial exposure. If the 
potential loss from any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably 
estimated, the Company accrues a liability for the estimated loss.

x. Advertising expenses:

Advertising expenses are charged to expense as incurred. Advertising expenses for the years 2023, 2022 and 
2021 were $50,740; $43,981 and $31,575, respectively.

y. Treasury shares:

The Company repurchases its ordinary shares from time to time on the open market or in other transactions 
and holds such shares as treasury shares. The Company accounts for the cost to repurchase treasury shares as 
a  reduction  of  shareholders'  equity.  The  Company  reissues  treasury  shares  under  the  stock  purchase  plan, 
upon exercise of options and upon vesting of restricted stock units ("RSU"). Re-issuance of treasury shares 
is accounted for in accordance with ASC 505-30 in which gains are credited to additional paid-in capital and 
losses are charged to additional paid-in capital to the extent that previous net gains are included therein and 
otherwise to retained earnings.

z. Business combination:

The Company applies the provisions of ASC 805, "Business Combination", and allocates the fair value of 
purchase  consideration  to  the  tangible  assets  acquired,  liabilities  assumed,  and  intangible  assets  acquired 
based  on  their  estimated  fair  values.  The  excess  of  the  fair  value  of  purchase  consideration  over  the  fair 
values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. When determining the fair values of 
assets acquired and liabilities assumed, management makes significant estimates and assumptions, especially 
with respect to intangible assets.

Significant estimates in valuing certain intangible assets include, but are not limited to, future expected cash 
flows from customer relationships, acquired technology and acquired trademarks from a market participant 
perspective,  useful  lives  and  discount  rates.  Management's  estimates  of  fair  value  are  based  upon 
assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, 
actual  results  may  differ  from  estimates.  Acquisition-related  expenses  are  recognized  separately  from  the 
business combination and are expensed as incurred.

F-29

  
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 2:-     SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

Contingent consideration incurred in a business combination is included as part of the acquisition price and 
recorded at a probability weighted assessment of the fair value as of the acquisition date. The fair value of 
the  contingent  consideration  is  re-measured  at  each  reporting  period,  with  any  adjustments  in  fair  value 
recognized in earnings under general and administrative expenses.

The  Company  applies  ASU  No.  2021-08,  Business  Combination  (Topic  805):  Accounting  for  Contract 
Assets and Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires an acquirer to recognize and measure 
contract assets and liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with revenue from ASC 606 
rather than adjust them to fair value at the acquisition date.

aa. Non-controlling interests:

The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  Company's  accounts  and  the  accounts  of  the  Company's  
wholly- and majority-owned subsidiaries. Non-controlling interest positions of the Company's consolidated 
entities  are  reported  as  a  separate  component  of  consolidated  equity  from  the  equity  attributable  to  the 
Company’s shareholders.

In  case  of  an  increase  in  ownership  of  a  subsidiary,  the  carrying  amount  of  the  non-controlling  interest  is 
adjusted to reflect the controlling interest’s increased ownership interest in the subsidiary’s net assets. Any 
difference  between  the  consideration  paid  by  the  Company  to  a  non-controlling  interest  holder  (or 
contributed by the Company to the net assets of the subsidiary) and the adjustment to the carrying amount of 
the  non-controlling  interest  in  the  subsidiary  is  recognized  directly  in  equity  and  attributable  to  the 
controlling  interest.  In  2021,  the  Company  acquired  an  additional  20%  in  the  2020  Subsidiary  (the  "2020 
Subsidiary") for a total consideration of approximately $14,000.

ab. Comprehensive income:

The Company accounts for comprehensive income in accordance with ASC 220, "Comprehensive Income". 
Comprehensive  income  generally  represents  all  changes  in  shareholders'  equity  during  the  period  except 
those resulting from investments by, or distributions to, shareholders. Other comprehensive income for the 
Company  relates  to  gains  and  losses  on  hedging  derivative  instruments,  unrealized  gains  and  losses  on 
available for sale marketable securities and changes in foreign currency translation adjustments.

The following tables show the components of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes, as of 
December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:

Year ended December 31, 2023

Unrealized 
gains (losses) 
on 
marketable 
securities

Unrealized 
gains (losses) 
on cash flow 
hedges

Foreign 
currency 
translation 
adjustment

Total

Beginning balance

$ 

(34,386)  $ 

(7,102)  $ 

(69,767)  $ 

(111,255) 

Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications

18,029 

(5,300)   

13,810 

26,539 

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other 
comprehensive loss

Net current-period other comprehensive loss

12,271 

30,300 

13,335 

8,035 

— 

13,810 

25,606 

52,145 

Ending balance

$ 

(4,086)  $ 

933  $ 

(55,957)  $ 

(59,110) 

F-30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 2:-     SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

Beginning balance
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other 
comprehensive loss

Year ended December 31, 2022

Unrealized 
gains (losses) 
on 
marketable 
securities

Unrealized 
gains (losses) 
on cash flow 
hedges

Foreign 
currency 
translation 
adjustment

Total

$ 

(1,486)  $ 
(33,319)   

3,932  $ 
(18,223)   

(42,185)  $ 
(27,582)   

(39,739) 
(79,124) 

419 

7,189 

— 

7,608 

Net current-period other comprehensive income

(32,900)   

(11,034)   

(27,582)   

(71,516) 

Ending balance

$ 

(34,386)  $ 

(7,102)  $ 

(69,767)  $ 

(111,255) 

Beginning balance
Other comprehensive (income) loss before 
reclassifications
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other 
comprehensive income

Net current-period other comprehensive income

Year ended December 31, 2021

Unrealized 
gains (losses) 
on 
marketable 
securities

Unrealized 
gains (losses) 
on cash flow 
hedges

Foreign 
currency 
translation 
adjustment

Total

$ 

13,285  $ 

4,836  $ 

(34,783)  $ 

(16,662) 

(13,368)   

5,024 

(7,402)   

(15,746) 

(1,403)   

(14,771)   

(5,928)   

(904)   

— 

(7,331) 

(7,402)   

(23,077) 

Ending balance

$ 

(1,486)  $ 

3,932  $ 

(42,185)  $ 

(39,739) 

ac. Recently issued accounting standards, not yet adopted: 

In  November  2023,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2023-07,  Segment  Reporting  (Topic  280):  Improvements  to 
Reportable  Segment  Disclosures.  This  standard  updates  reportable  segment  disclosure  requirements, 
primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and information used to assess 
segment performance on an interim and annual basis. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after 
December  15,  2023,  and  interim  periods  within  fiscal  years  beginning  after  December  15,  2024.  Early 
adoption  is  permitted.  The  adoption  of  ASU  2023-07  is  not  expected  to  have  a  significant  impact  on  the 
Company's consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 "Income Taxes (Topics 740): Improvements to Income 
Tax Disclosures", which expands the disclosure requirements for income taxes, primarily related to the rate 
reconciliation and income taxes paid. This guidance is effective for the fiscal years beginning after 
December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2023-09 is not expected to have a 
significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 3:-

SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS

Short-term investments include marketable securities in the amount of $873,976 and $1,012,286 as of 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively and short-term bank deposits in the amounts of $22,068 and $29,657 
as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 

F-31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 3:-     SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS (Cont.)

The following table summarizes amortized costs, gross unrealized gains and losses and estimated fair values of 
available-for-sale marketable securities as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

Amortized cost

Gross unrealized gains

Gross unrealized 
losses

Estimated fair value 
(Level 2 within the 
fair value hierarchy)

December 31,

December 31,

December 31,

December 31,

2023

2022

2023

2022

2023

2022

2023

2022

Corporate 
debentures

U.S. Treasuries
U.S. Government 
Agencies

$  835,856  $  986,803  $ 

1,299  $ 

180  $  (16,582)  $  (37,408)  $  820,573  $  949,574 

51,207 

42,317 

2,841 

22,238 

93 

3 

96 

12 

(741)   

(984)   

50,559 

41,428 

— 

(968)   

2,844 

21,284 

$  889,904  $ 1,051,358  $ 

1,395  $ 

288  $  (17,323)  $  (39,360)  $  873,976  $ 1,012,286 

The scheduled maturities of available-for-sale marketable securities as of December 31, 2023 are as follows:

Due within one year

Due after one year through five years

Amortized
cost

Estimated
fair value

$ 

$ 

531,021  $ 

358,883 

889,904  $ 

518,153 

355,823 

873,976 

Investments with continuous unrealized losses for less than 12 months and 12 months or greater and their 
related fair values as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 are as indicated in the following tables:

Investments with 
continuous unrealized 
losses for less than 12 
months

December 31, 2023
Investments with 
continuous unrealized 
losses for 12 months or 
greater

Total Investments with 
continuous unrealized 
losses

Fair
value

Unrealized 
losses

Fair
value

Unrealized 
losses

Fair
value

Unrealized 
losses

$  103,904  $ 

(993)  $  541,497  $ 

(15,589)  $  645,401  $ 

(16,582) 

12,369 

(127)   

29,249 

(614)   

41,618 

(741) 

$  116,273  $ 

(1,120)  $  570,746  $ 

(16,203)  $  687,019  $ 

(17,323) 

Corporate debentures

U.S. Treasuries

F-32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 3:-     SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS (Cont.)

Investments with 
continuous unrealized 
losses for less than 12 
months

December 31, 2022
Investments with 
continuous unrealized 
losses for 12 months or 
greater

Total Investments with 
continuous unrealized 
losses

Fair
value

Unrealized 
losses

Fair
value

Unrealized 
losses

Fair
value

Unrealized 
losses

$  404,393  $ 

(14,198)  $  508,180  $ 

(23,210)  $  912,573  $ 

(37,408) 

32,501 

3,344 

(984)   

(157)   

— 

15,195 

— 

(811)   

32,501 

18,539 

(984) 

(968) 

$  440,238  $ 

(15,339)  $  523,375  $ 

(24,021)  $  963,613  $ 

(39,360) 

Corporate debentures

U.S. Treasuries

U.S. Government Agencies

NOTE 4:- PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

Government authorities

Interest receivable

Prepaid expenses

Other

NOTE 5:- PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER LONG-TERM ASSETS

Deferred commission costs

Severance pay fund

Prepaid expenses

Other

December 31,

2023

2022

$ 

90,455  $ 

88,790 

1,124 

90,017 

16,371 

869 

95,088 

20,007 

$ 

197,967  $ 

204,754 

December 31,

2023

2022

$ 

129,687  $ 

138,861 

11,808 

74,421 

3,416 

11,967 

74,819 

5,849 

$ 

219,332  $ 

231,496 

F-33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 6:- PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

December 31,

2023

2022

Cost:

Computers and peripheral equipment

$ 

249,677  $ 

Internal use software

Office furniture and equipment

Leasehold improvements

Accumulated depreciation:

Computers and peripheral equipment

Internal use software

Office furniture and equipment

Leasehold improvements

309,383 

3,148 

41,897 

604,105 

204,631 

194,262 

78 

30,720 

429,691 

Depreciated cost

$ 

174,414  $ 

231,714 

247,763 

6,460 

59,796 

545,733 

186,146 

147,657 

5,103 

47,542 

386,448 

159,285 

Depreciation expense totaled $74,907; $71,460 and $65,411 for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 
2021, respectively.

The Company recorded a reduction of $34,692 and $8,279 to the cost and accumulated depreciation of fully 
depreciated equipment and leasehold improvements no longer in use for the years ended December 31, 2023 
and 2022, respectively.

NOTE 7:-  OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

a. Finite-lived other intangible assets:

Original amounts:

Core technology

Customer relationships and backlog

Trademarks

Accumulated amortization:

Core technology

Customer relationships and backlog

Trademarks

Other intangible assets, net

$ 

305,501  $ 

F-34

December 31,

2023

2022

$ 

821,835  $ 

334,881 

50,072 

674,729 

296,712 

44,899 

1,206,788 

1,016,340 

581,930 

281,032 

38,325 

901,287 

503,421 

270,280 

33,034 

806,735 

209,605 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 7:-     OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET (Cont.)

b. Amortization expense amounted to $92,445; $105,086 and $118,681 for the years ended December 31, 

2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

c. Estimated intangible asset amortization expense:

For the year ended December 31,

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

Thereafter

NOTE 8:- GOODWILL

$ 

110,478 

63,243 

57,831 

38,658 

34,829 

462 

$ 

305,501 

Following the Company's acquisitions in 2023 and 2022, as described in Note 1b, the changes in the carrying 
amount of goodwill allocated to reportable segments for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 are as 
follows:

As of January 1, 2023
Acquisitions

Functional currency translation adjustments
As of December 31, 2023

As of January 1, 2022
Acquisitions  (*)

Year ended December 31, 2023

Customer 
Engagement

Financial 
Crime and 
Compliance

Total

$ 

1,269,610  $ 

347,508  $ 

1,617,118 

194,990 

7,006 

1,885 

970 

196,875 

7,976 

$ 

1,471,606  $ 

350,363  $ 

1,821,969 

Year ended December 31, 2022

Customer 
Engagement

Financial 
Crime and 
Compliance

Total

$ 

1,257,149  $ 

349,607  $ 

1,606,756 

27,763 

27,763 

(17,401) 

Functional currency translation adjustments

(15,302)   

(2,099)   

As of December 31, 2022

$ 

1,269,610  $ 

347,508  $ 

1,617,118 

(*) Including  adjustment  of  ($276)  resulting  from  finalization  of  purchase  price  allocations  with  respect  to 
2021.

F-35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 9:- ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER LIABILITIES

Payroll and related expenses

Accrued expenses

Government authorities

Other

NOTE 10:-  DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

December 31,

2023

2022

$ 

200,820  $ 

162,953 

162,306 

2,581 

197,480 

141,144 

171,217 

13,610 

$ 

528,660  $ 

523,451 

The  Company's  risk  management  strategy  includes  the  use  of  derivative  financial  instruments  to  reduce  the 
volatility of earnings and cash flows associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

ASC  815,  "Derivatives  and  Hedging"  ("ASC  815"),  requires  the  Company  to  recognize  all  of  its  derivative 
instruments as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair 
value (i.e., gains or losses) of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as 
part of a hedging relationship and further, on the type of hedging relationship. For those derivative instruments 
that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments, an entity must designate the hedging instrument, based 
upon  the  exposure  being  hedged,  as  a  fair  value  hedge,  cash  flow  hedge  or  a  hedge  of  a  net  investment  in  a 
foreign operation.

Gains and losses on derivatives instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge (i.e., hedging 
the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that are attributable to a particular risk), are recorded in 
accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  (loss)  and  reclassified  into  the  statement  of  income  in  the  same 
accounting period in which the designated forecasted transaction or hedged item affects earnings.
The Company entered into option and forward contracts to hedge a portion of anticipated New Israeli Shekel 
("NIS"),  Indian  Rupee  ("INR")  and  Philippine  peso  ("PHP")  payroll  and  benefit  payments.  These  derivative 
instruments are designated as cash flow hedges, as defined by ASC 815 and accordingly are measured at fair 
value. These transactions are effective and, as a result, gain or loss on the derivative instruments are reported as 
a  component  of  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  (loss)  and  reclassified  as  payroll  expenses,  facility 
expenses or finance expenses, respectively, at the time that the hedged income/expense is recorded.

Forward contracts

expenses NIS

expenses INR

expenses PHP

Notional amount

December 31,

Fair value
(Level 2 within the fair value 
hierarchy)

December 31,

2023

2022

2023

2022

107,940 

62,023 

11,577 

111,253 

46,406 

11,235 

253 

147 

302 

(7,862) 

(1,379) 

651 

$ 

181,540  $ 

168,894  $ 

702  $ 

(8,590) 

F-36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 10:-  DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS (Cont.)

The  Company  currently  hedges  its  exposure  to  the  variability  in  future  cash  flows,  generally  for  a  maximum 
period of one year. As of December 31, 2023, the Company expects to reclassify all of its unrealized gains and 
losses from accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings during the next fifteen months.

The  fair  value  of  the  Company's  outstanding  derivative  instruments  at  December  31,  2023  and  2022  is 
summarized below:

Derivative assets:

Balance sheet line item

Fair value of derivative 
instruments
December 31,

2023

2022

Foreign exchange forward contracts Prepaid expenses and other current assets

$ 

702  $ 

651 

Derivative liabilities:

Foreign exchange forward contracts Accrued expenses and other liabilities

$ 

—  $ 

(9,241) 

The  effect  of  derivative  instruments  in  cash  flow  hedging  relationship  on  income  and  other  comprehensive 
income for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 is summarized below:

Amount of gain (loss) recognized in
other comprehensive income
on derivative, net of tax (effective portion)
Year Ended December 31,
2022

2023

2021

Derivatives in foreign exchange cash flow hedging relationships:

Forward contracts

Option contracts

$ 

$ 

(5,300)  $ 

(18,223)  $ 

— 

— 

(5,300)  $ 

(18,223)  $ 

4,993 

31 

5,024 

Derivatives in foreign exchange cash flow hedging relationships for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 
and 2021 is summarized below:

Option  contracts 
payroll and facility expenses

to  hedge 

Forward contracts to hedge 
payroll and facility expenses

Statements of income line 
item
Cost of revenues and operating 
expenses

Cost of revenues, operating 
expenses and financial 
expenses

Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from other 
comprehensive income
into income (expenses),
net of tax (effective portion)
Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

(771) 

13,335 

7,189 

$ 

13,335  $ 

7,189  $ 

(5,157) 

(5,928) 

F-37

 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 11:- LEASES

The Company has entered into various non-cancelable operating lease agreements for certain office spaces and 
motor vehicles. The leases have original lease periods expiring between 2024 and 2037. The Company does not 
assume renewals in its determination of the lease term unless the renewals are considered as reasonably assured.

The operating lease cost for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $23,053. 

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:

Cash payments related to operating lease
New right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations

Maturities of lease liabilities were as follows:

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

Thereafter

Total lease payments

Less imputed interest

Total

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:

Current maturities of operating leases

Long-term operating leases

Total operating lease liabilities

Weighted-average remaining operating lease term
Weighted-average discount rate of operating leases

F-38

Year ended 
December 31, 
2023

$ 

$ 

18,469 

11,257 

Operating 
Leases

17,962 

16,430 

16,477 

15,521 

13,634 

66,758 

146,782

(30,126) 

$ 

116,656 

Year ended 
December 31, 
2023

13,747 

102,909 

$ 

116,656 

9.80

 5.2 %

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 12:- COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

a. Commitments:

The Company is also obligated under certain agreements with its suppliers to purchase licenses and hosting 
services. These non-cancelable obligations as of December 31, 2023 are $425,702.

b. Legal proceedings:

From time to time the Company or its subsidiaries may be involved in legal proceedings and/or litigation 
arising in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with 
certainty, the Company does not believe it will have a material effect on its consolidated financial position, 
results of operations, or cash flows.

c. Bank Guarantees:

The Company obtained bank guarantees as of December 31, 2023 of $2,986, primarily in connection with 
office lease agreements.

NOTE 13:- TAXES ON INCOME

a. Israeli taxation:

1. Corporate tax:

Commencing 2012, NICE Ltd. and its Israeli subsidiary elected the Preferred Enterprise regime to apply 
under  the  Law  for  the  Encouragement  of  Capital  Investments  (the  "Investment  Law").  The  election  is 
irrevocable. 

In  December  2016,  the  Israeli  Knesset  passed  a  number  of  changes  to  the  Investments  Law  regimes. 
These changes came into law in May 2017, effective beginning January 1, 2017, upon the passing into 
law of Regulations promulgated by the Finance Ministry to implement the "Nexus Principles" based on 
OECD  guidelines  published  as  part  of  the  Base  Erosion  and  Profit  Shifting  (BEPS)  project.  Such 
Regulations provide rules for implementation of the Preferred Technology Enterprise tax regime.

The Company believes it qualifies as a Preferred Technology Enterprise and accordingly is eligible for a 
tax rate of 12% on its qualifying preferred technology income, as defined in such regulations, beginning 
from  tax  year  2017  and  onwards.  The  Company  expects  that  it  will  continue  to  qualify  as  a  Preferred 
Technology Enterprise in subsequent tax years.

Income not eligible for Preferred Enterprise or Preferred Technology Enterprise benefits is taxed at the 
regular corporate tax rate, which remains 23% in 2023 (23% in 2022 and 2021).

2. Foreign Exchange Regulations:

Under the Foreign Exchange Regulations, NICE Ltd. and its Israeli subsidiary calculate their tax liability 
in U.S. Dollars according to certain orders. The tax liability, as calculated in U.S. Dollars, is translated 
into NIS according to the exchange rate as of December 31st of each year.

F-39

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 13:-  TAXES ON INCOME (Cont.)

3. Tax benefits under the Israeli Law for the Encouragement of Industry (Taxation), 1969:

NICE  Ltd.  and  its  Israeli  subsidiary  believe  they  each  currently  qualify  as  an  "Industrial  Company"  as 
defined  by  the  Investment  Law  and,  as  such,  are  entitled  to  certain  tax  benefits  including  deduction  of 
public offering expenses in three equal annual installments and amortization of cost of purchased know-
how and patents for tax purposes over 8 years.

b. Income taxes on non-Israeli subsidiaries:

Non-Israeli  subsidiaries  are  taxed  according  to  the  tax  laws  in  their  respective  country  of  residence.  The 
Company's consolidated tax rate depends on the geographical mix of where its profits are earned. In 2023, 
the  Company's  U.S.  subsidiaries  are  subject  to  combined  federal  and  state  income  taxes  of  approximately 
25.1%  and  its  subsidiaries  in  the  U.K.  and  India  are  subject  to  corporation  tax  at  a  rate  of  approximately 
23.5% and 34.9%, respectively. Neither Israeli income taxes, foreign withholding taxes nor deferred income 
taxes  were  provided  in  relation  to  undistributed  earnings  of  the  Company's  foreign  subsidiaries.  This  is 
because  the  Company  has  the  intent  and  ability  to  reinvest  these  earnings  indefinitely  in  the  foreign 
subsidiaries  and  therefore  those  earnings  are  continually  redeployed  in  those  jurisdictions.  As  of 
December  31,  2023,  the  amount  of  undistributed  earnings  of  non-Israeli  subsidiaries,  which  is  considered 
indefinitely  reinvested,  was  $1,767,539  with  a  corresponding  unrecognized  deferred  tax  liability  of 
$227,648. If these earnings were distributed to Israel in the form of dividends or otherwise, the Company 
would  be  subject  to  additional  Israeli  income  taxes,  subject  to  an  adjustment  for  foreign  tax  credits,  and 
foreign withholding taxes.

c. U.S. Tax:

On December 22, 2017, the United States enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "U.S. Tax Reform" or 
"TCJA"), a comprehensive tax legislation that includes several key tax changes to the taxation of business 
entities, among which is the change to IRS Section 174, that went into effect for taxable years beginning 
after  December  31,  2021,  requiring  research  and  development  expenses  to  be  capitalized  and  amortized 
over a period of either five or fifteen years. Prior to this change, the research and development expenses 
could be fully expensed, as incurred, for tax purposes.  

The final impact of the TCJA may differ due to, among other things, possible changes in the interpretations 
and  assumptions  made  by  the  Company  as  a  result  of  additional  information,  additional  guidance  or 
finalization of law and regulations that will be issued by the U.S. Department of Treasury, the IRS or other 
standard-setting  bodies,  and  which  may  impact  the  Company's  future  financial  statements,  and  will  be 
accounted for when such guidance is issued.

d. Net operating loss carryforward:

As of December 31, 2023, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries had tax loss carry-forwards totaling in 
aggregate  approximately  $316,962,  which  can  be  carried  forward  and  offset  against  taxable  income. 
Approximately $238,065 of these carry-forward tax losses have no expiration date, with the balance expiring 
between the years 2023 and 2041.

Utilization of U.S. net operating losses may be subject to substantial annual limitation due to the "change in 
ownership"  provisions  of  the  Internal  Revenue  Code  of  1986  and  similar  state  provisions.  The  annual 
limitation may result in the expiration of net operating losses before utilization.

F-40

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 13:-  TAXES ON INCOME (Cont.)

e. Deferred tax assets and liabilities:

Deferred taxes reflect the net tax effect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and 
liabilities  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  the  amounts  recorded  for  tax  purposes.  Significant 
components of the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows :

December 31,

2023

2022

Deferred tax assets:

Net operating losses carryforward and tax credits

$ 

96,079  $ 

Intra-entity transfer of certain intangible assets (*)

Operating leases liabilities 

Share based payments

Research and development costs

Reserves, allowances and other

Deferred tax assets before valuation allowance

Valuation allowance

Deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities:

Acquired intangibles

Operating lease right-of-use assets

Acquired deferred revenue

Internal use software and other fixed assets

Prepaid compensation expenses

Other

Deferred tax liabilities

Deferred tax assets, net

14,563 

18,820 

37,110 

112,311 

55,124 

334,007 

(19,818)   

314,189 

(75,396)   

(15,813)   

— 

(18,650)   

(33,936)   

(19)   

51,924 

17,252 

22,878 

38,206 

62,695 

54,774 

247,729 

(12,569) 

235,160 

(43,385) 

(20,160) 

(565) 

(24,766) 

(36,724) 

(7) 

(143,814)   

(125,607) 

$ 

170,375  $ 

109,553 

(*) During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company completed intra-entity transfers of 
certain intangible assets to a different tax jurisdiction. As a result of the transfers, the Company utilized net 
operating losses carried forward, incurred a tax expense on capital gain, released valuation allowances and 
recorded a deferred tax asset.

Deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities

Deferred tax assets, net

December 31,

2023

2022

$ 

$ 

178,971  $ 

116,889 

(8,596)   

(7,336) 

170,375  $ 

109,553 

The Company has provided valuation allowances in respect of certain deferred tax assets resulting from tax 
loss carry forwards and other reserves and allowances due to uncertainty concerning their realization.

F-41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
              
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 13:-  TAXES ON INCOME (Cont.)

f.

A reconciliation of the Company's effective tax rate to the statutory tax rate in Israel is as follows:

Income before taxes on income, as reported in the 
consolidated statements of income

Statutory tax rate in Israel
Preferred Enterprise / Preferred Technology Enterprise 
benefits (*)

Changes in valuation allowance

Earnings taxed under foreign law

Tax settlements and prior years adjustments

Intangible assets transfer

Other

Effective tax rate

Year Ended December 31,
2022

2021

2023

$ 

457,700  $ 

345,332  $ 

240,619 

 23.0 %

 23.0 %

 23.0 %

 (6.8) %

 1.6 %

 (0.9) %

 4.4 %

 — %

 4.7 %

 26.1 %

 (3.3) %

 0.5 %

 0.7 %

 0.4 %

 — %

 1.7 %

 23.0 %

 (2.2) %

 1.0 %

 0.2 %

 (1.8) %

 (1.7) %

 (1.3) %

 17.2 %

(*) The effect of the benefit resulting from the "Preferred Enterprise/Preferred Technology Enterprise 
benefits" status on net earnings per ordinary share is as follows 

Basic

Diluted

g. Income before taxes on income is comprised as follows:

Domestic

Foreign

Year Ended December 31,
2022

2021

2023

0.49  $ 

0.47  $ 

0.18  $ 

0.19  $ 

0.08 

0.08 

Year Ended December 31,
2022

2021

2023

195,203  $ 

102,500  $ 

262,497 
457,700  $ 

242,832 
345,332  $ 

53,703 

186,916 
240,619 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

F-42

 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 13:-  TAXES ON INCOME (Cont.)

h. Taxes on income (tax benefit) are comprised as follows:

  Current

 Deferred

Domestic

Foreign

Of which:

Domestic taxes:

Current

Deferred

Foreign taxes:

Current

Deferred

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$ 

182,789  $ 

132,129  $ 

80,903 

(63,390)   

(52,742)   

(39,507) 

119,399 

79,387 

41,396 

51,334 

68,065 

28,853 

50,534 

16,171 

25,225 

$ 

119,399  $ 

79,387  $ 

41,396 

Year Ended December 31,
2022

2021

2023

$ 

50,414  $ 

29,576  $ 

27,400 

920 

(723)   

(11,229) 

51,334 

28,853 

16,171 

132,375 

102,553 

53,503 

(64,310)   

(52,019)   

(28,278) 

68,065 

50,534 

25,225 

Taxes on income

$ 

119,399  $ 

79,387  $ 

41,396 

F-43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 13:-  TAXES ON INCOME (Cont.)

i. Uncertain tax positions:

A  reconciliation  of  the  beginning  and  ending  balances  of  the  total  amounts  of  uncertain  tax  position  is  as 
follows:

Uncertain tax positions, beginning of year

Increases in tax positions for prior years

Increases in tax positions for current year

Expiry of the statute of limitations

December 31,

2023

2022

$ 

80,005  $ 

77,047 

1,262 

11,712 

2,729 

6,031 

(2,855)   

(5,802) 

Uncertain tax positions, end of year

$ 

90,124  $ 

80,005 

The Company accrued $38,347 and $22,285 due to interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as 
of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

During the course of 2019, upon receipt of an information letter, the Company's United Kingdom Subsidiary 
Group elected to register for the United Kingdom Profits Diversion Compliance Facility, covering the years 
2015-2018. During December 2021 and 2022, this was extended to include the years 2019 and 2020 
respectively.

NICE  Ltd.  and  its  foreign  affiliates  in  Hungary  and  in  the  United  Kingdom  (“Foreign  Affiliates”)  are 
undergoing routine Israeli income tax audits for the tax years 2011 through 2021. On December 30, 2020, 
February 28, 2022 and on February 20, 2023 NICE Ltd. received a final assessments by way of Tax Decrees 
(“Tax Decrees”) from the Israel Tax Authority (“ITA”) with respect to its fiscal years 2014 through 2016 for 
an aggregate amount of tax of approximately NIS 154,869 (equivalent to approximately $43,127). On March 
22, 2023, August 20, 2023, and on December 7, 2023 NICE Ltd.’s Foreign Affiliates received Tax Decrees 
from  the  ITA  with  respect  to  its  fiscal  years  2011  through  2015,  for  an  aggregate  amount  of  tax  of 
approximately  NIS  399,891  (equivalent  to  approximately  $111,360).  On  December  28,  2022,  NICE  Ltd. 
received an assessment from the ITA with respect to its fiscal years 2017 (“Assessment”), for an aggregate 
amount of tax of approximately NIS 53,033 (equivalent to approximately $14,769) On December 6, 2023, 
NICE Ltd. received an assessment from the ITA with respect to its fiscal years 2018 through 2021, for an 
aggregate amount of tax of approximately NIS 47,320 (equivalent to approximately $13,177). Nice Ltd. and 
its affiliates had filed number of appeals and objections in relation to the different assessments and decrees 
mentioned  above  with  the  district  court  of  Tel  Aviv.  In  addition,  the  ITA,  NICE  Ltd  and  NICE  Ltd.’s 
Foreign Affiliates are in discussions in an effort to resolve these matters in a mutually agreeable manner. We 
believe  our  recorded  unrecognized  tax  benefits  are  sufficient  to  cover  the  resolution  of  the  ITA’s  Tax 
Decreases and the Assessments.

As of December 31, 2023, U.S. federal income tax returns filed by the Company's U.S. subsidiaries for the 
tax years prior to 2020 are no longer subject to general audit. To the extent the Company or its subsidiaries 
generated net operating losses or tax credits in closed tax years, future use of the net operating loss or tax 
credit carry forward balance would be subject to examination within the relevant statute of limitations for the 
year in which it was utilized. The Company and its subsidiaries are still subject to other income tax audits 
for the tax years of 2011 through 2022.

F-44

 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 14:- SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

a. The  ordinary  shares,  par  value  NIS  1.0  per  share,  of  the  Company  are  traded  on  the  Tel-Aviv  Stock 
Exchange  and  its  American  Depositary  Shares  ("ADSs"),  each  representing  one  fully  paid  ordinary  share, 
are traded on The NASDAQ Stock Market.

b. Share option plan:

2016 Share Incentive Plan

In  February  2016  the  Company  adopted  the  2016  Share  Incentive  Plan  (the  "2016  Plan"  ).  The  Company 
adopted  the  2016  Plan  to  provide  incentives  to  employees,  directors,  consultants  and/or  contractors  by 
rewarding performance and encouraging behavior that will improve the Company’s profitability.

Under  the  2016  Plan,  the  Company's  employees,  directors,  consultants  and/or  contractors  may  be  granted 
any equity-related award, including: any type of an option to acquire the Company's ordinary shares; share 
appreciation right; share and/or restricted share award ("RSA"); restricted stock unit ("RSU") and/or other 
share unit; and/or other share-based award and/or other right or benefit under the 2016 Plan, including any 
such equity-related award that is a performance-based award (each an "Award").

Generally, under the terms of the 2016 Plan, unless determined otherwise by the administrator of the 2016 
Plan, 25% of an Award granted becomes exercisable on the first anniversary of the date of grant and 6.25% 
becomes exercisable once every quarter during the subsequent three years. Specifically with respect to RSUs 
and  options  granted  with  an  exercise  price  equal  to  the  nominal  value  of  an  ordinary  share  ("par  value 
options"),  unless  determined  otherwise  by  the  Board  of  Directors,  25%  of  the  RSUs  and  the  par  value 
options granted become vested on each of the four consecutive annual anniversaries following the date of 
grant. Certain executive officers are entitled to acceleration of vesting of Awards in the event of a change of 
control, subject to certain conditions.

Awards  with  a  vesting  period  expire  six  years  after  the  date  of  grant.  Pursuant  to  a  resolution  of  the 
Company's  Board  of  Directors  dated  February  4,  2014,  options  that  are  performance-based  and  that  were 
granted during calendar year 2014 and thereafter shall expire seven years following the date of grant. The 
maximum  number  of  shares  that  may  be  subject  to  Awards  granted  under  each  of  the  Plans  is  calculated 
each calendar year as 3% of the Company’s issued and outstanding share capital as of December 31 of the 
preceding calendar year (pursuant to an amendment of the 2016 Plan approved by the Board of Directors on 
October 2, 2019). Such amount is reset for each calendar year. Awards are non-transferable except by will or 
the laws of descent and distribution.

Options  granted  under  the  2016  Plan  are  granted  at  an  exercise  price  equal  to  the  average  of  the  closing 
prices of one ADR as quoted on the NASDAQ market during the 30 consecutive calendar days preceding 
the  date  of  grant,  unless  determined  otherwise  by  the  administrator  of  the  2016  Plan  (including  par  value 
options).

The  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  also  adopted  an  addendum  to  the  2016  Plan  for  Awards  granted  to 
residents of Israel (the "Addendum") and resolved to elect the "Capital Gains Route" (as defined in Section 
102(b)(2))  of  the  Israeli  Income  Tax  Ordinance-5721-1961  ("Tax  Ordinance")  for  the  grant  of  Awards  to 
Israeli  grantees.  There  is  also  a  U.S.  addendum  under  the  2016  Plan  that  applies  to  non-qualified  stock 
options for purposes of U.S. tax laws.

During 2023, the Company granted 1,171,880 options and restricted share units under the 2016 Plan (which 
constituted 1.86% of the Company issued and outstanding share capital as of December 31, 2023).

F-45

NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 14:-  SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Cont.)

Pursuant to the terms of certain acquisitions, the Company assumed or replaced unvested options, RSAs and 
RSUs  and  converted  them  or  replaced  them  with  the  Company's  options,  RSAs  and  RSUs,  as  applicable, 
based on an agreed exchange ratio. Each assumed or replaced option, RSA and RSU is subject to the same 
terms  and  conditions,  including  vesting,  exercisability  and  expiration,  as  originally  applied  to  any  such 
option, RSA and RSU immediately prior to the acquisition.

The  fair  value  of  the  Company's  stock  options  granted  to  employees  and  directors  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was estimated using the following assumptions:

Expected volatility

Risk free interest rate

Expected dividend

Expected term (in years)

2023

2022

2021

33.35%-35.67% 29.45%-34.11% 26.21%-27.87%

3.6%-4.68%

1.78%-4.15%

0.3%-0.93%

 — 

3.5

 — 

3.5

 — 

3.5

A  summary  of  the  Company's  stock  options  activity  and  related  information  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2023, is as follows:

Outstanding at January 1, 2023

Granted

Exercised

Cancelled

Forfeited

Number of 
options

1,179,972 

344,450 

(217,760) 

(761) 

(52,107) 

Weighted-
average 
exercise price

23.76 

13.40

11.18

2.80

0.30

Weighted- 
average 
remaining 
contractual 
term
(in years)

Aggregate 
intrinsic
value

4.31

200,905

Outstanding at December 31, 2023

1,253,794 

24.08 

4.25  

221,610 

Exercisable at December 31, 2023

461,353 

57.61 

2.96  

67,013 

The  weighted-average  grant-date  fair  value  of  options  granted  during  the  years  2023,  2022  and  2021  was 
$171.43; $198.41 and $243.34, respectively.

The total intrinsic value of options exercised, and restricted shares vested during the years 2023, 2022 and 
2021 was $138,202; $178,693 and $189,408, respectively. 

F-46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 14:-  SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Cont.)

The  options  outstanding  under  the  Company's  stock  option  plans  as  of  December  31,  2023,  have  been 
separated into ranges of exercise price as follows:

Options 
outstanding as of  
December 31, 
2023

Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
term
(Years)

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
$

Options 
Exercisable as of 
December 31, 
2023

1,088,701

381

2,117

2,470

58,032

102,093

4.45

1.07

3.98

3.02

1.27

3.92

0.29

6.84

21.69

47.70

133.44

215.25

312,719

381

2,117

2,469

58,032

85,635

Ranges of
exercise price

$ 0.25 - 0.32

$ 6.72 -6.95

$ 20.44 - 24.99

$ 38.06 - 54.51

$ 96.74 - 151.63

$ 197.42 - 232.2

Weighted
average
exercise
price of
options
exercisable
$

0.29

6.84

21.69

47.70

133.44

216.93

1,253,794 

4.25  

24.08 

461,353 

57.61 

A summary of the Company's RSU and the Company's RSA activities and related information for the year 
ended December 31, 2023, is as follows:

Outstanding at January 1, 2023

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Outstanding at December 31, 2023

Number of 
RSU and
RSA (*)

1,524,223 

827,430 

(515,712) 

(132,792) 

1,703,149 

(*) NIS 1.0 par value, which represents approximately $0.27.

The weighted-average grant-date fair value of restricted shares granted during the year 2023 was $187.73.

As of December 31, 2023, the total compensation cost related to non-vested awards not yet recognized was 
approximately $254,834, which is expected to be recognized over a period of up to four years.

F-47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 14:-  SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Cont.)

The  total  equity-based  compensation  expense  related  to  all  of  the  Company's  equity-based  awards 
recognized for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was comprised as follows:

Cost of revenues

Research and development, net

Selling and marketing

General and administrative

Year ended
December 31,
2022

2023

$ 

18,904  $ 

18,535  $ 

38,047 

48,022 

78,329 

39,747 

57,114 

73,492 

2021

17,879 

28,558 

42,021 

67,914 

Total stock-based compensation expenses

$ 

183,302  $ 

188,888  $ 

156,372 

c. Treasury shares:

On  February  12,  2020,  our  Board  of  Directors  authorized  a  program  to  repurchase  up  to  $200,000  of  the 
Company issued and outstanding ordinary shares and ADRs, which commenced following completion of the 
repurchase program that was authorized by the Company Board of Directors in 2017. On November 9, 2022, 
the  Company  Board  of  Directors  authorized  an  additional  program  to  repurchase  up  to  $250,000  of  the 
Company issued and outstanding ordinary shares and ADRs, which commenced following completion of the 
program that was authorized in 2020. On November 15, 2023, the Company Board of Directors authorized 
an additional program to repurchase up to $300,000 of the Company issued and outstanding ordinary shares 
and ADRs, which commenced following completion of the repurchase program that was authorized by the 
Company Board of Directors in 2022.

Repurchases may be made from time to time in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions in 
accordance  with  applicable  securities  laws  and  regulations.  The  timing  and  amount  of  the  repurchase 
transactions  will  be  determined  by  management  and  may  depend  on  a  variety  of  factors  including  market 
conditions, alternative investment opportunities and other considerations.

These programs do not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of ordinary shares and ADRs and each 
program may be modified or discontinued at any time without prior notice. 

 NOTE 15:- DEBT

Exchangeable Senior Notes and Hedging Transactions

2017 Notes

In January 2017, the Company issued $287,500 aggregate principal amount of  2017 Notes due 2024.

In  the  event  that  the  last  reported  sale  price  of  the  company’s  ADS  for  at  least  20  trading  days  (whether 
consecutive  or  not)  during  the  period  of  30  consecutive  trading  days  ending  on  the  last  trading  day  of  the 
immediately  preceding  calendar  quarter  is  greater  than  or  equal  to  130%  of  the  exchange  price  ("Share  Price 
Condition") or in the event of the satisfaction of certain other conditions, during set periods, as defined in the 

F-48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 15:-  DEBT (Cont.)

indenture governing the Notes, the holders of the exchangeable senior notes will have the option to exchange 
the Notes for (at the Company's election) (i) cash, (ii) ADSs or (iii) a combination thereof.

As of December 31, 2022, the Share Price Condition for the 2017 Notes was triggered and, accordingly, the net 
carrying amount of these 2017 Notes was presented in current liabilities.

The Company may provide additional ADSs upon conversion if there is a "Make-Whole Fundamental Change" 
in the Company as defined in the indenture governing the 2017 Notes. The 2017 Notes are not redeemable by 
the Company prior to the maturity date apart from certain cases as set forth in the indenture governing the notes. 

On  December  31,  2021,  the  Company  entered  into  the  First  Supplemental  Indenture.  In  accordance  with  the 
First  Supplemental  Indenture,  the  Company  irrevocably  elected  cash  settlement  for  the  principal  and  any 
premium due upon conversion (as defined in the 2017 Indenture) to apply to all conversions of 2017 Notes with 
an Exchange Date (as defined in the 2017 Indenture) that occurs on or after December 31, 2021.

As a result of the requirement to deliver cash to settle the principal and any premium due upon conversion, on 
December 31, 2021, the Company reclassified from equity to liability the conversion option (a derivative) fair 
value of $292,940. The conversion option will be no longer eligible for ASC 815 scope exception. Therefore, a 
derivative accounting for the conversion option was required.

Debt  issuance  costs  of  $5,791  attributable  to  the  2017  Notes  are  amortized  as  interest  expense  over  the 
contractual term of the notes using the effective interest rate.

Interest  is  payable  on  the  debentures  semi-annually  at  the  cash  coupon  rate,  however,  the  remaining  debt 
discount is being amortized as additional non-cash interest expense using an effective annual interest rate equal 
to the Company's estimated nonconvertible debt borrowing rate at the time of issuance.

The Company received notices for conversion of $2,039 and $2,626 of principal amount of the 2017 Notes in 
2022 and 2023, respectively, for which $20,132 and $2,623 were settled in 2022 and 2023, respectively. The 
Company  paid  the  note  holders  the  conversion  value  of  the  notes  in  cash.  The  cash  conversion  premium 
payment upon conversion of the 2017 Notes was offset by cash under the convertible bond hedge transaction (a 
derivative) entered into in connection with the offering of the 2017 Notes. As a result of the conversions, the 
Company recorded in 2022 and 2023, respectively a $1,206 and $53 loss on extinguishment of debt.

The 2017 Notes fully matured on January 15, 2024 and were settled in cash (see Note 19 "Subsequent Events").

2020 Notes

On August 2020, the Company issued $460,000 aggregate principal amount of exchangeable senior notes (the 
"2020 Notes" and together with the 2017 Notes, the "Notes") due 2025.

In  the  event  that  the  Share  Price  Condition  is  satisfied  or  in  the  event  of  the  satisfaction  of  certain  other 
conditions,  during  set  periods,  set  forth  in  the  indenture  governing  the  2020  Notes,  the  holders  of  the 
exchangeable senior notes will have the option to exchange the Notes for (at the Company's election) (i) cash, 
(ii) ADSs or (iii) a combination thereof.

On December 31, 2021, the Company irrevocably elected that all conversions occurring on or after December 
31,  2021,  will  be  settled  pursuant  to  a  Combination  Settlement  (as  defined  in  the  2020  Indenture)  with  a 
Specified Dollar Amount (as defined in the 2020 Indenture) no less than $1,000 per $1,000 principal amount of 
2020  Notes.  Generally,  under  this  settlement  method,  the  conversion  value  corresponding  to  the  principal 
amount  will  be  converted  in  cash,  and  the  conversion  value  over  the  principal  amount  will  be  settled,  at  the 
Company’s election, in cash or shares or a combination thereof.

F-49

 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 15:-  DEBT (Cont.)

The  2020  Notes  are  redeemable  by  the  Company  on  or  after  September  21,  2023  upon  the  fulfillment  of  the 
Share Price Condition for cash in relation to the principal amount, and the conversion value over the principal 
amount  will  be  settled,  at  the  Company's  election,  in  (i)  cash,  (ii)  ADSs  or  (iii)  a  combination  thereof,  apart 
from certain cases as set forth in the indenture governing the Notes.

The 2020 Notes do not bear interest, however, the remaining debt discount is being amortized as additional non-
cash interest expense using an effective annual interest rate.

Debt  issuance  costs  of  $8,574  attributable  to  the  2020  Notes  are  amortized  as  interest  expense  over  the 
contractual term of the 2020 Notes using the effective interest rate.

The Company may provide additional ADSs upon conversion if there is a "Make-Whole Fundamental Change" 
in the Company as defined in the indenture governing the 2020 Notes. 

The following table summarizes some key facts and terms regarding the outstanding Notes as of December 31, 
2023: 

Issuance date

Maturity date

Effective conversion date
Principal amount

Cash coupon rate (per annum)

Conversion rate effective (per $1000 principal amount)

Effective conversion price (per ADS)

Due 2025
August 27, 2020

Due 2024
January 18, 2017

September 15, 2025

January 15, 2024

June 15, 2025
$460,000

September 15, 2023
$87,432

—%

3.34

$299.19

1.25%

12.05

$82.96

The  carrying  values  of  the  liability  of  the  Notes  are  reflected  in  the  Company's  accompanying  consolidated 
balance sheets as follows:

2020 Notes

December 31,

2017 Notes

December 31,

2023

2022

2023

2022

Principal

$ 

460,000  $ 

460,000 

$ 

87,432  $ 

90,055 

Conversion option (Level 2)

— 

121,922  $ 

122,323 

Less:

Debt issuance costs, net of amortization

(2,919)   

(4,618) 

Unamortized discount

— 

(14)   

(111)   

(335) 

(2,751) 

Net liability carrying amount

$ 

457,081  $ 

455,382 

$ 

209,229  $ 

209,292 

As of December 31, 2023, the estimated fair value of the 2017 Notes and the 2020 Notes which the Company 
has classified as Level 2 financial instruments are $208,833 ($207,169 as of December 31, 2022) and $437,368  
($433,113 as of December 31, 2022), respectively. 

F-50

 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 15:-  DEBT (Cont.)

The estimated fair value was determined based on the quoted bid price of the exchangeable senior notes in an 
over-the-counter market on the last trading day of the reporting period. As of December 31, 2023, the difference 
between  the  net  carrying  amount  of  the  2020  Notes  and  estimated  fair  value  is  mainly  due  to  the  interest 
increase in global markets.

Interest  expense  related  to  the  Notes  is  reflected  on  the  accompanying  consolidated  statements  of  income  as 
follows:

2020  Notes
Year Ended December 31,

2017  Notes
Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

2023

2022

2021

$ 

1,699 

$ 

1,693 

$ 

1,485 

$ 

316 

$ 

303 

$ 

608 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

6,471 

— 

— 

2,600 

1,101 

2,587 

1,127 

5,986 

1,891 

53 

1,206 

13,969 

Amortization of 
debt issuance costs

Non-cash 
amortization of 
debt discount

Interest expense

Loss in respect of 
convertible loan 
extinguishment

Total interest 
expense recognized

$ 

Effective interest 
rate

1,699 

$ 

1,693 

$ 

7,956 

$ 

4,070 

$ 

5,223 

$ 

22,454 

 0.37 %

 0.37 %

 1.87 %

 4.65 %

 4.65 %

 4.68 %

Exchangeable notes hedge transactions

In  connection  with  the  pricing  of  the  2017  Notes,  the  Company  has  entered  into  privately  negotiated 
exchangeable note hedge transactions with some of the initial purchasers and/or their respective affiliates (the 
"Option Counterparties").

Subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those applicable to the 2017 Notes, the 
exchangeable note hedge transactions cover the number of ADSs will initially underline the 2017 Notes.

The note hedge transactions are expected generally to reduce cash payments the Company is required to make 
in excess of the principal amount, in each case, upon any exchange of the 2017 Notes.

A  portion  of  the  call-options  can  be  settled  upon  a  surrender  of  the  same  amounts  of  Notes  by  a  holder.  As 
stated above, the Company irrevocably elected cash settlement to apply to all conversions of 2017 Notes with 
an Exchange Date (as defined in the 2017 Indenture) that occurs on or after December 31, 2021.

Conversion notices received on and after December 31, 2021 relating to the 2017 Notes will be fully settled in 
cash, and amounts paid in excess of the principal amount will be offset by an equal receipt of cash under the 
convertible bond hedge. 

Concurrently with the Company's entry into the exchangeable note hedge transactions, the Company has entered 
into warrant transactions with the Option Counterparties relating to the same number of ADSs (3,457,475), with 
a strike price of $101.82 per ADS, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments.

The warrants are exercisable for a period of three months as of the 2017 Notes' maturity date.

F-51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 15:-  DEBT (Cont.)

The warrants are classified to equity in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The warrants have a dilutive effect as the 
market  price  per  ordinary  share  exceeds  the  applicable  exercise  price  of  the  warrants,  as  measured  under  the 
terms of the warrant transactions. 

As  a  result  of  the  irrevocable  cash  election,  on  December  31,  2021,  the  Company  reclassified  from  equity  to 
derivative asset the remaining bond hedge fair value of $292,940 (Level 2).

NOTE 16:- REPORTABLE SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION

a. Reportable segments:

ASC 280, "Segment Reporting"' establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments. 
Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is 
available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate 
resources and in assessing performance. The Company's chief operating decision maker is its Chief Executive 
Officer. Selected reportable segment data includes the results of companies which were acquired in the years 
2023, 2022 and 2021 respectively in the applicable segment. 

Year ended December 31, 2023

Customer 
Engagement

Financial 
Crime and 
Compliance

Not
allocated

Total

Revenues

$ 

1,974,090  $ 

403,418  $ 

— 

2,377,508 

Operating income

$ 

456,793  $ 

129,023  $ 

(150,589)   

435,227 

Year ended December 31, 2022

Customer 
Engagement

Financial 
Crime and 
Compliance

Not
allocated

Total

Revenues

$ 

1,768,804  $ 

412,490  $ 

—  $ 

2,181,294 

Operating income

$ 

343,892  $ 

159,298  $ 

(168,017)  $ 

335,173 

Year ended December 31, 2021

Customer 
Engagement

Financial 
Crime and 
Compliance

Not
allocated

Total

Revenues

$ 

1,572,176  $ 

348,974  $ 

—  $ 

1,921,150 

Operating income

$ 

316,760  $ 

104,080  $ 

(156,931)  $ 

263,909 

F-52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 16:-  REPORTABLE SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION (Cont.)

The  following  table  presents  property  and  equipment  as  of  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  based  on 
operational segments:

Customer Engagement

Financial Crime and Compliance

Non-allocated

b. Geographical information:

December 31,

2023

2022

$ 

132,824  $ 

125,781 

39,943 

1,647 

32,070 

1,434 

174,414  $ 

159,285 

Total revenues from external customers on the basis of the Company's geographical areas are as follows:

Americas, principally the US

$ 

1,986,634  $ 

1,802,192  $ 

1,566,807 

Year Ended December 31,
2022

2021

2023

EMEA (*)

Israel

Asia Pacific

244,523 

3,508 

142,843 

245,198 

4,484 

129,420 

236,122 

3,839 

114,382 

$ 

2,377,508  $ 

2,181,294  $ 

1,921,150 

The  following  presents  property  and  equipment  and  operating  lease  right-of-use  assets  as  of  December  31, 
2023 and 2022, based on geographical areas:

Americas, principally the US
EMEA (*)

Israel

Asia Pacific

(*) Includes Europe, the Middle East (excluding Israel) and Africa.

December 31,

2023

2022

$ 

128,065  $ 
10,145 

122,940 

17,829 

127,289 
4,669 

112,702 

17,518 

$ 

278,979  $ 

262,178 

F-53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 17:- SELECTED STATEMENTS OF INCOME DATA

a. Research and development, net:

Total costs

Less - grants and participations

Less - capitalization of software development costs

b. Financial expenses and other, net:

Year Ended December 31,
2022

2021

2023

$ 

386,745  $ 

364,654  $ 

319,083 

(2,441)   

(2,414)   

(61,596)   

(56,167)   

(2,118) 

(45,778) 

$ 

322,708  $ 

306,073  $ 

271,187 

Financial income:

Interest and amortization/accretion of premium/discount 
on marketable securities, net

$ 

Interest income

Financial expenses:

Interest expense

Loss in respect of debt extinguishment

Debt issuance costs amortization

Exchangeable senior notes amortization of discount

Exchange rates differences
Other

Year Ended December 31,
2022

2021

2023

13,813  $ 

13,659  $ 

13,751 

20,260 

4,720 

200 

34,073 

18,379 

13,951 

(1,101)   

(53)   

(2,015)   

(2,600)   

(3,297)   
(2,412)   

(1,127)   

(1,206)   

(1,996)   

(2,587)   

(301)   
(2,774)   

(10,061) 

(13,969) 

(610) 

(5,708) 

(4,131) 
(2,958) 

(11,478)   

(9,991)   

(37,437) 

Other (expenses) Income, net

(122)   

1,771 

196 

$ 

22,473  $ 

10,159  $ 

(23,290) 

c. Net earnings per share:

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net earnings per share:

F-54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NICE LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data)

NOTE 17:- 

SELECTED STATEMENTS OF INCOME DATA (Cont.)

1. Numerator:

Net income to ordinary shareholders

$ 

338,301  $ 

265,945  $ 

199,223 

Year Ended December 31,
2022

2021

2023

2. Denominator (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

Denominator for basic net earnings per share:

Weighted average number of shares (thousand)

63,590 

63,790 

63,189 

Effect of dilutive securities:

Add - employee stock options and RSU
Warrants issued in the exchangeable notes 
transaction

995 

894 

1,680 

1,781 

1,605 

2,102 

Denominator for diluted net earnings per share - adjusted 
weighted average shares (thousand)

$ 

66,265 

66,465 

66,896 

NOTE 18:-  RELATED PARTY BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS 

In  2021,  the  Company  acquired  an  additional  20%  in  the  2020  Subsidiary  for  a  total  consideration  of 
approximately $14,000. The amount paid to the 2020 Subsidiary's CEO in connection with this purchase was 
$4,850. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the 2020 Subsidiary's CEO holds 12.04% of the 2020 Subsidiary, 
which reflects $5,385 and $5,373 of the non-controlling amount on the balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 
and 2022, respectively.

NOTE 19:-  SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

On  January  2024,  the  Company  settled  in  cash  the  entire  2017  Notes  in  an  aggregate  principal  amount  of 
$87,432 (See Note 15 "Debt" for further information regarding the 2017 Notes).

F-55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly 

caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.  

SIGNATURES

NICE LTD.

By:

/s/ Barak Eilam

Barak Eilam
Chief Executive Officer

Date:  March 27, 2024

109

Significant Subsidiaries

Exhibit 8.1

The following is a list of our significant subsidiaries and other subsidiaries, including the country of incorporation or residence. 
Each of our subsidiaries listed below is wholly-owned.

Name of Subsidiary
NICE Systems Australia PTY Ltd.

NICE Systems Technologies Brasil LTDA

NICE Systems Canada Ltd.

NICE Interactive Solutions India Private Ltd.

Actimize Ltd.

NICE Japan Ltd.

NICE Technologies Mexico S.R.L.

NICE Netherlands B.V.

NICE Systems (Singapore) Pte. Ltd.

Country of Incorporation or Residence
Australia

Brazil

Canada

India

Israel

Japan

Mexico

Netherlands

Singapore

NICE Technologies Sole Proprietorship LLC

United Arab Emirates

Actimize UK Limited

NICE Systems Technologies UK Limited

NICE Systems UK Ltd.

Actimize Inc.

inContact Inc.

NICE Systems Inc.

NICE Systems Technologies Inc.

LiveVox Inc.

United Kingdom

United Kingdom

United Kingdom

United States

United States

United States

United States

United States

Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a),
as adopted pursuant to §302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

I, Barak Eilam, certify that:

1.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of NICE Ltd.;

Exhibit 12.1

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;

4. The company's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d – 15(f)) for the company and have:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period 
in which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 
reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the company's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to 
materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The company's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the company's auditors and the audit committee of the company's board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

(b)

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the company's ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role 
in the company's internal control over financial reporting.

By:

/s/ Barak Eilam
Barak Eilam
Chief Executive Officer

Date: March 27, 2024

Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a),
as adopted pursuant to §302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

I, Beth Gaspich, certify that:

1.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of NICE Ltd.;

Exhibit 12.2

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the company as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;

4. The company's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d – 15(f)) for the company and have:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the company, including its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period 
in which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 
reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the company's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to 
materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The company's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the company's auditors and the audit committee of the company's board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

(b)

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the company's ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role 
in the company's internal control over financial reporting.

By:

/s/ Beth Gaspich
Beth Gaspich
Chief Financial Officer

Date: March 27, 2024

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 13.1

In connection with the Annual Report on Form 20-F of NICE Ltd. (the "Company") for the year ended December 31, 
2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), the undersigned, Barak Eilam, 
Chief  Executive  Officer  of  the  Company,  certifies,  pursuant  to  18  U.S.C.  sec.  1350,  as  adopted  pursuant  to  sec.  906  of  the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 

as amended; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results 

of operations of the Company.

By:

/s/ Barak Eilam
Barak Eilam
Chief Executive Officer

March 27, 2024

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 13.2

In connection with the Annual Report on Form 20-F of NICE Ltd. (the "Company") for the year ended December 31, 
2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), the undersigned, Beth Gaspich, 
Chief  Financial  Officer  of  the  Company,  certifies,  pursuant  to  18  U.S.C.  sec.  1350,  as  adopted  pursuant  to  sec.  906  of  the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, 

as amended; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results 

of operations of the Company.

By:

/s/ Beth Gaspich
Beth Gaspich
Chief Financial Officer

March 27, 2024

Exhibit 15.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-8 (Registration Nos. 
333-166364, 333-168100, 333-171165, 333-162795, 333-162110, 333-06784, 333-08146, 333-11842, 333-09350, 
333-11154, 333-111112, 333-111113, 333-134355, 333-144589, 333-145981, 333-153230, 333-177510, 
333-179408, 333-181375, 333-191176, 333-199904, 333-210341, 333-210343, 333-210344, 333-214584, 
333-210341, 333-210343, 333-210344, 333-214584, 333-226930, 333-228911, 333-249186 and 333-270969) of our 
reports dated March 27, 2024, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of NICE Ltd. and its 
subsidiaries and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of NICE Ltd. included in this 
Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Tel Aviv, Israel
March 27, 2024

/s/ KOST, FORER, GABBAY & KASIERER
KOST, FORER, GABBAY & KASIERER
A Member of EY Global

Exhibit 97.1

NICE LTD.
POLICY FOR RECOVERY OF ERRONEOUSLY AWARDED COMPENSATION

NICE  Ltd.  (the  “Company”)  has  adopted  this  Policy  for  Recovery  of  Erroneously 
Awarded Compensation (the “Clawback Policy”), effective as of October 2, 2023 (the “Effective 
Date”).    Capitalized  terms  used  in  this  Clawback  Policy  but  not  otherwise  defined  herein  are 
defined in Section 11.  

1.

Persons Subject to Clawback Policy

This  Clawback  Policy  shall  apply  to  and  be  binding  and  enforceable  on  current  and 
former Officers.  In addition, the Committee and the Board may apply this Clawback Policy to 
persons who are not Officers, that are designated in writing by the Committee and the Board in 
advance of any Restatement that may require recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation 
from such person, and such application shall apply in the manner determined by the Committee 
and the Board in their sole discretion.

2.

Compensation Subject to Clawback Policy

This Clawback Policy shall apply to Incentive-Based Compensation received on or after 
the  Effective  Date.  For  purposes  of  this  Clawback  Policy,  the  date  on  which  Incentive-Based 
Compensation  is  deemed  “received”  shall  be  determined  under  the  Applicable  Rules,  which 
generally  provide  that  Incentive-Based  Compensation  is  “received”  in  the  Company’s  fiscal 
period  during  which  the  relevant  Financial  Reporting  Measure  is  attained  or  satisfied,  without 
regard  to  whether  the  grant,  vesting  or  payment  of  the  Incentive-Based  Compensation  occurs 
after the end of that period.

3.

Recovery of Compensation

In the event that the Company is required to prepare a Restatement, the Company shall 
recover,  reasonably  promptly  and  in  accordance  with  Section  4  below,  the  portion  of  any 
Incentive-Based  Compensation  that  is  Erroneously  Awarded  Compensation,  unless  the 
Committee and the Board have reasonably determined that recovery from the relevant current or 
former  Officer  would  be  Impracticable.  Recovery  shall  be  required  in  accordance  with  the 
preceding  sentence  regardless  of  whether  the  applicable  Officer  engaged  in  misconduct  or 
otherwise caused or contributed to the requirement for the Restatement and regardless of whether 
or  when  restated  financial  statements  are  filed  by  the  Company.    For  clarity,  the  recovery  of 
Erroneously  Awarded  Compensation  under  this  Clawback  Policy  will  not  give  rise  to  any 
Officer’s right to voluntarily terminate employment for “good reason” or due to a “constructive 
termination”  (or  any  similar  term  of  like  effect)  under  any  plan,  program  or  policy  of  or 
agreement with the Company or any of its affiliates.

4.

Manner of Recovery; Limitation on Duplicative Recovery

The  Committee  and  the  Board  shall,  in  its  sole  discretion,  determine  the  manner  of 
recovery  of  any  Erroneously  Awarded  Compensation,  which  may  include,  without  limitation, 
reduction or cancellation by the Company or an affiliate of the Company of [vested?] Incentive-
Based  Compensation  or  Erroneously  Awarded  Compensation,  reimbursement  or  repayment  by 
any person subject to this Clawback Policy, and, to the extent permitted by law, an offset of the 
Erroneously Awarded Compensation against other compensation payable by the Company or an 
affiliate  of  the  Company  to  such  person.  Notwithstanding  the  foregoing,  unless  otherwise 
prohibited by the Applicable Rules, to the extent this Clawback Policy provides for recovery of 

Erroneously Awarded Compensation already recovered by the Company pursuant to Section 304 
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 or Other Recovery Arrangements, the amount of Erroneously 
Awarded  Compensation  already  recovered  by  the  Company  from  the  recipient  of  such 
Erroneously  Awarded  Compensation  may  be  credited  to  the  amount  of  Erroneously  Awarded 
Compensation required to be recovered pursuant to this Clawback Policy from such person.

5.

Administration

This Clawback Policy shall be administered, interpreted and construed by the Committee, 
which  is  authorized  to  make  all  determinations  necessary,  appropriate  or  advisable  for  such 
purpose. The Board may re-vest in itself the authority to administer, interpret and construe this 
Clawback Policy in accordance with applicable law and the Applicable Rules, and in such event 
references herein to the “Committee” shall be deemed to be references to the Board.  Subject to 
any  permitted  review  by  the  applicable  national  securities  exchange  or  association  pursuant  to 
the Applicable Rules, all determinations and decisions made by the Committee pursuant to the 
provisions  of  this  Clawback  Policy  shall  be  final,  conclusive  and  binding  on  all  persons, 
including  the  Company  and  its  affiliates  and  employees.  The  Committee  may  delegate 
administrative duties with respect to this Clawback Policy to one or more directors or employees 
of the Company, as permitted under applicable law, including any Applicable Rules. 

6.

Interpretation

This Clawback Policy shall be interpreted and applied in a manner that is consistent with 
the requirements of the Applicable Rules, and to the extent this Clawback Policy is inconsistent 
with  such  Applicable  Rules,  it  shall  be  deemed  amended  to  the  minimum  extent  necessary  to 
ensure compliance therewith.    

7.

No Indemnification; No Liability

Notwithstanding  the  terms  of  any  of  the  Company’s  organizational  documents,  any 
corporate policy or any contract, the Company shall not indemnify or insure any person against 
the loss of any Erroneously Awarded Compensation pursuant to this Clawback Policy, nor shall 
the Company directly or indirectly pay or reimburse any person for any premiums for third-party 
insurance  policies  that  such  person  may  elect  to  purchase  to  fund  such  person’s  potential 
obligations  under  this  Clawback  Policy.    None  of  the  Company,  an  affiliate  of  the  Company 
(excluding any person subject to the recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation hereunder) 
or any member of the Committee or the Board shall have any liability to any person as a result of 
actions taken under this Clawback Policy.

8.

Application; Enforceability

Except  as  otherwise  determined  by  the  Committee  or  the  Board,  the  adoption  of  this 
Clawback  Policy  does  not  limit,  and  is  intended  to  apply  in  addition  to,  any  Other  Recovery 
Arrangements. Without limiting the foregoing, in the event of a conflict between this Clawback 
Policy and Other Recovery Arrangements (including the Compensation Policy), the latter shall 
prevail, except with respect to the recovery of any portion of Incentive-Based Compensation that 
is  Erroneously  Awarded  Compensation  that  would  not  be  recoverable  under  such  Other 
Recovery Arrangements, in which case this Clawback Policy shall prevail. Subject to Section 4, 
the remedy specified in this Clawback Policy shall not be exclusive and shall be in addition to 
every  other  right  or  remedy  at  law  or  in  equity  that  may  be  available  to  the  Company  or  an 
affiliate of the Company or is otherwise required by applicable law and regulations.

9.

Severability

The provisions in this Clawback Policy are intended to be applied to the fullest extent of 
the law; provided, however, to the extent that any provision of this Clawback Policy is found to 
be  unenforceable  or  invalid  under  any  applicable  law,  such  provision  will  be  applied  to  the 
maximum extent permitted, and shall automatically be deemed amended in a manner consistent 
with its objectives to the extent necessary to conform to any limitations required under applicable 
law or the Applicable Rules. 

10.

Amendment and Termination

The  Board  or  the  Committee  may  amend,  modify  or  terminate  this  Clawback  Policy  in 
whole or in part at any time and from time to time in its sole discretion. This Clawback Policy 
will  terminate  automatically  when  the  Company  does  not  have  a  class  of  securities  listed  on  a 
national securities exchange or association in the U.S.

11.

Definitions

“Applicable  Rules”  means  Section  10D  of  the  Exchange  Act,  Rule  10D-1  promulgated 
thereunder,  the  listing  rules  of  the  national  securities  exchange  or  association  on  which  the 
Company’s securities are listed, and any applicable rules, standards or other guidance adopted by 
the Securities and Exchange Commission or any national securities exchange or association on 
which the Company’s securities are listed.

“Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

“Compensation  Policy”  means  the  Company’s  compensation  policy  for  officers  and 
directors, as adopted in accordance with the Israeli Companies Law 5759-1999 and as in effect 
from time to time.

“Committee” means the Compensation Committee of the Board or, in the absence of such 

a committee, a majority of the independent directors serving on the Board.

“Erroneously  Awarded  Compensation”  means 

the  amount  of  Incentive-Based 
Compensation  received  by  a  current  or  former  Officer  that  exceeds  the  amount  of  Incentive-
Based Compensation that would have been received by such current or former Officer based on a 
restated  Financial  Reporting  Measure,  as  determined  on  a  pre-tax  basis  in  accordance  with  the 
Applicable Rules. For Incentive-based Compensation based on (or derived from) stock price or 
total shareholder return where the amount of Erroneously Awarded Compensation is not subject 
to  mathematical  recalculation  directly  from  the  information  in  the  applicable  Restatement,  the 
amount shall be determined by the Committee based on a reasonable estimate of the effect of the 
Restatement  on  the  stock  price  or  total  shareholder  return  upon  which  the  Incentive-based 
Compensation  was  determined  (in  which  case  the  Company  shall  maintain  documentation  of 
such  determination  of  that  reasonable  estimate  and  provide  such  documentation  to  the 
NASDAQ).

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

“Financial  Reporting  Measure”  means  any  measure  determined  and  presented  in 
accordance with the accounting principles used in preparing the Company’s financial statements, 
and any measures that are derived wholly or in part from such measures, including GAAP and 
non-GAAP financial measures.  Stock price and total shareholder return (and any measures that 
are derived wholly or in part from stock price or total shareholder return) shall for purposes of 
this  Clawback  Policy  be  considered  Financial  Reporting  Measures.    A  financial  reporting 

measure  need  not  be  presented  within  the  financial  statements  or  included  in  a  filing  with  the 
Securities and Exchange Commission.

“GAAP” means United States generally accepted accounting principles.

“Impracticable” means (a) the direct expense paid to third parties to assist in enforcing 
recovery would exceed the Erroneously Awarded Compensation; provided that the Company has 
(i)  made  reasonable  attempt(s)  to  recover  the  Erroneously  Awarded  Compensation,  (ii) 
documented  such  reasonable  attempt(s)  and  (iii)  provided  such  documentation  to  the  relevant 
listing  exchange  or  association,  (b)  the  recovery  would  violate  the  Company’s  home  country 
laws  adopted  prior  to  November  28,  2022;  provided  that  the  Company  has  (i)  obtained  an 
opinion of home country counsel, acceptable to the relevant listing exchange or association, that 
recovery  would  result  in  such  a  violation  and  (ii)  provided  such  opinion  to  the  relevant  listing 
exchange or association, or (c) recovery would likely cause an otherwise tax-qualified retirement 
plan, under which benefits are broadly available to employees of the Company, to fail to meet 
the requirements of 26 U.S.C. 401(a)(13) or 26 U.S.C. 411(a) and the regulations thereunder. 

“Incentive-Based  Compensation”  means,  with  respect 

to  a  Restatement,  any 
compensation that is granted, earned, or vested based wholly or in part upon the attainment of 
one or more Financial Reporting Measures and received by a person: (a) after such person began 
service as an Officer; (b) who served as an Officer at any time during the performance period for 
that  incentive-based  compensation;  (c)  while  the  Company  has  a  class  of  securities  listed  on  a 
national securities exchange or association; and (d) during the applicable Three-Year Period. 

“Officer”  means  the  Company’s  president,  principal  financial  officer,  principal 
accounting officer (or if there is no such accounting officer, the controller), any vice-president of 
the  Company  in  charge  of  a  principal  business  unit,  division,  or  function  (such  as  sales, 
administration,  or  finance),  any  other  officer  who  performs  a  policy-making  function,  or  any 
other person (including any executive officer of the Company’s affiliates) who performs similar 
policy-making  functions  for  the  Company.    The  term  “Officer”  includes,  without  limitation, 
those officers identified by the Company in any disclosure made pursuant to the requirements of 
Regulation S-K Item 401(b) or Form 20-F, as applicable.   

“Other Recovery Arrangements” means any clawback, recoupment, forfeiture or similar 
policies or provisions of the Company or its affiliates, including any such policies or provisions 
of such effect contained in any employment agreement, bonus plan, incentive plan, equity-based 
plan or award agreement thereunder or similar plan, program or agreement of the Company or an 
affiliate  or  required  under  applicable  law  (including,  without  limitation,  the  Compensation 
Policy).

“Restatement”  means  an  accounting  restatement  to  correct  the  Company’s  material 
noncompliance  with  any  financial  reporting  requirement  under  securities  laws,  including 
restatements that correct an error in previously issued financial statements (a) that is material to 
the previously issued financial statements or (b) that would result in a material misstatement if 
the error were corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period.

“Three-Year  Period”  means,  with  respect  to  a  Restatement,  the  three  completed  fiscal 
years immediately preceding the date that the Board, a committee of the Board, or the officer or 
officers of the Company authorized to take such action if Board action is not required, concludes, 
or reasonably should have concluded, that the Company is required to prepare such Restatement, 
or,  if  earlier,  the  date  on  which  a  court,  regulator  or  other  legally  authorized  body  directs  the 
Company  to  prepare  such  Restatement.  The  “Three-Year  Period”  also  includes  any  transition 
period (that results from a change in the Company’s fiscal year) within or immediately following 
the  three  completed  fiscal  years  identified  in  the  preceding  sentence.  However,  a  transition 

period  between  the  last  day  of  the  Company’s  previous  fiscal  year  end  and  the  first  day  of  its 
new fiscal year that comprises a period of nine to 12 months shall be deemed a completed fiscal 
year.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND CONSENT TO 
POLICY FOR RECOVERY OF ERRONEOUSLY AWARDED COMPENSATION

The  undersigned  has  received  a  copy  of  the  Policy  for  Recovery  of  Erroneously  Awarded 
Compensation  (the  “Clawback  Policy”)  adopted  by  NICE  Ltd.  (the  “Company”)  and  has  read 
and understands the Clawback Policy. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have 
the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Clawback Policy.

As a condition of receiving Incentive-Based Compensation from the Company, the undersigned 
agrees that any Incentive-Based Compensation received on or after the Effective Date is subject 
to  recovery  pursuant  to  the  terms  of  the  Clawback  Policy,  as  may  be  amended,  restated, 
supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time. To the extent the Company’s recovery 
right conflicts with any other contractual rights the undersigned may have with the Company, the 
undersigned  understands  that  the  terms  of  the  Clawback  Policy  shall  supersede  any  such 
contractual  rights.  The  terms  of  the  Clawback  Policy  shall  apply  in  addition  to  any  right  of 
recoupment  against  the  undersigned  under  the  Compensation  Policy  or  applicable  law  and 
regulations. The undersigned also acknowledges that it would not be entitled to indemnification 
or  advancement of expenses, in connection with any enforcement of the Clawback Policy by the 
Company.

_______________________   
__________________________________________

Date 

Signature

__________________________________________

Name

__________________________________________

Title