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FY2021 Annual Report · OTP Bank
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OTP BANK PLC 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

(AS DEFINED IN ACT CXX OF 2001 ON THE CAPITAL MARKET) 

BUDAPEST, 13 APRIL 2022 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dear Shareholders! 

OTP Bank Plc. hereby provides you with the Annual Report of OTP Bank Plc. for the year 2021, 
which is based on the audited financial statements approved by the Annual General Meeting of the 
Company on 13 April 2022. 

On  behalf  of  OTP  Bank  Plc.  we  declare  that,  to  the  best  of  our  knowledge,  the  separate  and 
consolidated  financial  statements  which  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  the  applicable 
accounting  standards,  present  a  true  and  fair  view  of  the  assets,  liabilities,  financial  position  and 
profit and loss of OTP Bank Plc. and its consolidated subsidiaries and associates, and give a fair 
view  of  the  position,  development  and  performance  of  OTP  Bank  Plc.  and  its  consolidated 
subsidiaries and associates, describing the principal risks and uncertainties, and do not conceal facts 
or information which are relevant to the evaluation of the Issuer’s position. 

13 April 2022, Budapest 

dr. Sándor Csányi 
   Chairman & CEO 

László Bencsik 
Deputy CEO 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONTENTS 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

INDEPENDENT  AUDITORS’  REPORT  (SEPARATE  AND  CONSOLIDATED,  IN  ACCORDANCE 
WITH IFRS) 

SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH IFRS (2021) 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH IFRS (2021) 

OTHER INFORMATIONS 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

SEPARATE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2021 

(IN HUF MILLION)

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances with the National Bank of Hungary 
Placements with other banks, net of allowance for placement losses 
Repo receivables 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 
Securities at amortised cost 
Loans at amortised cost 
Loans mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss 
Investments in subsidiaries 
Property and equipment 
Intangible assets 
Right of use assets 
Investment properties 
Current tax assets 
Derivative financial assets designated as hedge accounting relationships 
Other assets 

2021 

2020 

474,945 
2,567,212 
33,638 
246,462 
641,939 
3,071,038 
4,032,465 
662,012 
1,573,008 
81,817 
62,161 
17,231 
4,328 
- 
17,727 
224,488 

579,120
1,535,884
183,364
160,483
911,950
2,007,692
3,417,760
480,937
1,548,972
77,974
57,639
13,479
1,936
593
6,817
169,794

TOTAL ASSETS 

13,710,471 

11,154,394

Amounts due to banks and deposits from the National Bank of Hungary and other 
banks  
Repo liabilities 
Deposits from customers 
Leasing liabilities 
Liabilities from issued securities 
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 
Derivative financial liabilities designated as held for trading 
Derivative financial liabilities designated as hedge accounting relationships 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Current tax liabilities 
Other liabilities 
Subordinated bonds and loans 

TOTAL LIABILITIES 

Share capital 
Retained earnings and reserves 
Treasury shares 

TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 

1,051,203 
86,580 
9,948,532 
17,932 
22,153 
20,133 
192,261 
18,690 
1,507 
4,776 
259,964 
271,776 

766,977
109,612
7,895,735
14,106
28,435
25,902
99,987
3,104
3,062
1,464
223,433
304,243

11,895,507 

9,476,060

28,000 
1,845,836 
(58,872) 

28,000
1,697,133
(46,799)

1,814,964 

1,678,334

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 

13,710,471 

11,154,394

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTP BANK

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

SEPARATE STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021 

(IN HUF MILLION)

Interest Income: 
Interest income calculated using the effective interest method 
Income similar to interest income 
Interest income and similar to interest income total 

Interest Expense: 
Interest expenses total 

NET INTEREST INCOME 

Loss allowance on loan, placement and repo receivables losses 

Loss allowance on securities at fair value through other comprehensive income and on 
securities at amortised cost 
Provision for loan commitments and financial guarantees given 

Change in the fair value attributable to changes in the credit risk of loans mandatorily 
measured at fair value through profit of loss  
Risk cost total 

NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER RISK COST 

LOSSES ARISING FROM DERECOGNITION OF FINANCIAL ASSETS 
MEASURED AT AMORTISED COST 

MODIFICATION LOSS 

Income from fees and commissions 
Expenses from fees and commissions 
NET PROFIT FROM FEES AND COMMISSIONS 

Foreign exchange losses 
Gains on securities, net 
Losses on financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss 
Gains on derivative instruments, net 
Dividend income 
Other operating income 
Other operating expenses 
NET OPERATING INCOME 

Personnel expenses 
Depreciation and amortization 
Other administrative expenses 
OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES 

PROFIT BEFORE INCOME TAX 
Income tax 
NET PROFIT FOR THE YEAR 

Earnings per share (in HUF) 
Basic 
Diluted 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

2021 

2020

302,373 
105,663 
408,036 

239,633
81,663
321,296

(155,491) 

(99,630)

252,545 

221,666

(38,841) 

(57,671)

(1,484) 
(130) 

(1,848)
(3,202)

(16,255) 
(56,710) 

(405)
(63,126)

195,835 

158,540

(2,700) 

(3,279)

(7,017) 

(17,358)

300,803 
(52,276) 
248,527 

(5,638) 
2,104 
(6,494) 
3,436 
99,037 
11,265 
(41,636) 
62,074 

(136,126) 
(40,692) 
(178,611) 
(355,429) 

141,290 
(15,951) 
125,339 

259,781
(40,750)
219,031

(4,518)
17,595
(671)
7,057
60,973
7,900
(28,064)
60,272

(118,498)
(38,948)
(154,165)
(311,611)

105,595
(13,121)
92,474

455 
455 

333
333

OTP BANK

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

SEPARATE STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR ENDED 
31 DECEMBER 2021 

(IN HUF MILLION)

NET PROFIT FOR THE YEAR 

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: 

Fair value adjustment of debt instruments at fair value through other comprehensive 
income 

Deferred tax (9%) related to fair value adjustment of debt instruments at fair value 
through other comprehensive income 

Gains / (Losses) on separated currency spread of financial instruments designated as 
hedging instrument 

Deferred tax (9%) related to (losses) / gains on separated currency spread of 
financial instruments designated as hedging instrument 

(Losses) / Gains on derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedge 

Deferred tax (9%) related to gains on derivative financial instruments designated as 
cash flow hedge 

Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss: 

Fair value adjustment of equity instruments at fair value through other 
comprehensive income 

Deferred tax (9%) related to equity instruments at fair value through other 
comprehensive income 

Total 

NET COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

2021 

2020 

125,339 

92,474

(37,163) 

(14,459)

3,410 

1,262

1,681 

(1,526)

(151) 

137

(6,307) 

(296)

- 

27

1,407 

(3,275)

(281) 

310

(37,404) 

(17,820)

87,935 

74,654

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTP BANK

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

POST-BALANCE SHEET EVENTS 

Post-balance sheet events cover the period until 17 February 2022. 

Hungary 



Against the initially planned 2 pps social security contribution cut effective from July 2022, the government
reduced employers’ taxes by 4 pps already from 1 January 2022 (the 1.5% vocational training contribution
was abolished and the social contribution taxes were cut by 2.5 pps).

 On 25 January 2022 the NBH hiked the base rate by 50 bps to 2.9%.

 On 27 January 2022 the NBH hiked the rate of the 1-week central bank deposit by 30 bps to 4.3%.

 On 15 February 2022 the CSO revealed the final GDP growth figures: accordingly, in 4Q 2021 the quarterly
expansion of 2.1% was stronger than expected, lifting the annual growth rate to 7.1% in 2021 as a whole
(seasonally  and  working  day  adjusted).  Mr.  Mihály  Varga  (Minister  of  Finance)  announced  that  the
government expects 5.9% growth for 2022.

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

MACROECONOMIC OVERVIEW 

The Hungarian economy grew by 7.2% in 2021, stronger than had been expected. The rapid expansion 
was supported by both an intensive vaccination campaign and strong fiscal and monetary support measures. 
Rapid growth could continue in 2022, and it can draw near 6%, thanks to the government's economic support 
measures and, hopefully, the recovery of tourism after the pandemic. 

As a result of the rapid growth of demand, coupled with the rise of the global inflation, Hungary's central 
bank started a monetary tightening cycle in June 2021, to prevent the increasing inflation risks. As part of 
this, the Monetary Council raised the central bank base rate to 0.9% on 22 June from 0.6%, and also raised 
the one-week deposit rate to 0.9%. By the end of 2021, the base rate had risen to 2.4% and the one-week 
deposit rate to 4%. As inflation rose steadily and reached 7.9% in January 2022, interest rate hikes continued 
in January and February 2022, with 50-basis-points increases each time. 

According to the MNB's data, both retail and non-financial corporate loan portfolios expanded dynamically, 
at double-digit rates in 2021. The former grew by 15% and the latter by almost 11%. Within retail loans, one 
of the main drivers was the subsidized baby loan, which amounted to HUF 1,569 billion at the end of 2021. 
Housing  loans  increased  by  15%  in  2021,  and  the  value  of  new  contracts  also  hit  record  in  2021, 
approaching HUF 1,300 billion, supported by the increase in home renovation loans. The stock of cash loans 
increased by 16.6% in 2021, while the stock of home equity loans shrank by about 4.0%, following the trend 
of the previous years. 

In connection with the favourable developments observed in the domestic banking sector and the improved 
assessment of the Hungarian macroeconomic situation, on 13 July 2021 Moody’s improved the Hungarian 
“macro  profile”  effective  for  banks  operating  in  Hungary,  which  resulted  in  rating  upgrades  for  several 
domestic  banks  (Budapest  Bank, MKB  Bank,  Raiffeisen  Bank)  and  also contributed  to  the placement  on 
review for upgrade of OTP Bank’s baseline credit assessment (BCA). In September 2021 Moody’s upgraded 
the Hungarian sovereign rating to ‘Baa2’ underpinned by the strong growth rebound throughout the first half 
of  2021  and  the  projected  strong  growth  outlook  over  the  coming  years,  which  will  support  fiscal 
consolidation and reduction in the government's debt burden. 

DIGITAL AND IT INNOVATIONS 

We announced the SmartBank mobile application’s phase-out for retail customers, which will be replaced 
with Digital Contract’s new channels, OTP internet- & mobile banking applications. By the end of 2021, more 
than 600,000 OTP customers registered for the new Digital Contract. During the pandemic digital activity of 
OTP clients has increased significantly, which was supported by online campaigns, customer education in 
branches and continuous development of our digital services. 

In 2021 new end-to-end processes were launched in new internet- & mobile banking applications such as 
online  personal  loan  request,  installment  payment  for  credit  card,  purchase  of  government  securities, 
prepaid mobile phone top-up, QR payment of postal cheques (including not completely filled cheques).  

Several  innovative  features  serve  customer  needs  such  as  open  banking  function  to  view  foreign  bank 
account  balances,  donation  opportunity  for  money  transfers,  Apple  Pay  card  digitization,  branch 
appointment feature, profile picture setting and maintenance of notification settings. 

We pay special attention for improvements of Personal Finance Manager to support financial awareness, 
and for launch of other innovative features (such as payment and other beyond banking services). 

As  an  important  milestone  of  banking  chat  platform  extension  we  launched  chat  opportunity  in  new 
internetbank in 2021, so we can serve several client needs also in identified chats. We automated the most 
often topics: 15 new automated chatbot processes went live in 2021, with which our customers can get help 
without human intervention in 7x24 hours. 

As the end of a multi-annual process we renewed our branch and Contact Center front-end system. 

Remote Expert from Home service launched in December 2021 which ensures to clients the consultation 
video call not only in branches but also from home at a pre-arranged time. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

BRANCH NETWORK OF OTP BANK 

The  Bank  provides  a  full  range  of  commercial  banking  services  through  a  nationwide  network  and  its 
branches are available to customers in Hungary. 

1013 Budapest, Alagút utca 3. 

1011 Budapest, Iskola utca 38-42. 

1015 Budapest, Széna tér 7. 

1012 Budapest, Vérmező út 4. 

1024 Budapest, Fény utca 11-13. 

1025 Budapest, Törökvész út 1/a 

1026  Budapest,  Szilágyi  Erzsébet 
fasor 121. 

1087 Budapest, Könyves Kálmán krt. 
76-1. sz. 

1148 Budapest, Nagy Lajos király útja 
19-21. 

1081 Budapest, Népszínház utca 3-5. 

1149 Budapest, Fogarasi út 15/b. 

1083 Budapest, Futó utca 35-45 

1149 Budapest, Bosnyák tér 17. 

1191 Budapest, Üllői út 201. 

1146 Budapest, Thököly út 102/b. 

1094 Budapest, Ferenc krt. 13. 

1152 Budapest, Szentmihályi út 131. 

1085 Budapest, Kálvin tér 12-13. 

1151 Budapest, Fő utca 64. 

1097 Budapest, Könyves Kálmán krt. 
12-14. 

1157 Budapest, Zsókavár utca 28. 

1021 Budapest, Hüvösvölgyi út 138. 

1163 Budapest, Jókai Mór utca 3/b. 

1033 Budapest, Flórián tér 15. 

1025 Budapest, Szépvölgyi út 4/b. 

1095 Budapest, Soroksári út 32-34. 

1102 Budapest, Kőrösi Csoma sétány 
6. 

1161 Budapest, Rákosi út 118. 

1173 Budapest, Ferihegyi út 93. 

1039 Budapest, Heltai Jenő tér 2. 

1103 Budapest, Sibrik Miklós utca 30. 

1173 Budapest, Pesti út 5-7. 

1032 Budapest, Bécsi út 154. 

1106 Budapest, Örs vezér tere 25 

1181 Budapest, Üllői út 377. 

1033  Budapest,  Szentendrei  utca 
115. 

1106  Budapest,  Örs  Vezér  tere  25/A 
1.em 

1041 Budapest, Erzsébet utca 50. 

1115 Budapest, Bartók Béla út 92-94. 

1048 Budapest, Kordován tér 4. 

1042 Budapest, Árpád út 63-65. 

1117  Budapest,  Móricz  Zsigmond 
körtér 18. 

1118 Budapest, Rétköz utca 5. 

1052 Budapest, Deák Ferenc utca 7-
9. 

1117 Budapest, Hunyadi János út 19. 

1117 
huszonharmadika  utca 8-10. 

Budapest, 

Október 

1188 Budapest, Vasút utca 48. 

1183 Budapest, Üllői út 440. 

1195 Budapest, Üllői út 285. 

1195 Budapest, Vak Bottyán út 75 a-
c 

1204  Budapest,  Kossuth  Lajos  utca 
44-46. 

1238  Budapest,  Grassalkovich  út 
160. 

1055 Budapest, Szent István krt. 1. 

1051 Budapest, Nádor utca 16. 

1054 Budapest, Széchenyi rkp. 19. 

1066 Budapest, Oktogon tér 3. 

1077 Budapest, Király utca 49. 

1073 Budapest, Erzsébet krt. 41. 

1075 Budapest, Károly krt. 1. 

1076 Budapest, Thököly út 4 

1075 Budapest, Károly krt. 25. 

1085 Budapest, József krt. 33. 

1085 Budapest, József krt. 53. 

1126 Budapest, Böszörményi út 9-11. 

1203 Budapest, Bíró Mihály utca 7. 

1123 Budapest, Alkotás utca 53 

1239 Budapest, Bevásárló utca 2. 

1124 Budapest, Apor Vilmos tér 11. 

1055 Budapest, Nyugati tér 9. 

1137 Budapest, Pozsonyi út 38. 

1062 Budapest, Váci út 1-3. 

1138 Budapest, Váci út 135-139 

1133 Budapest, Váci út 80. 

1134 Budapest, Váci út 17. 

1135 Budapest, Lehel út 70-76. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

1211  Budapest,  Kossuth  Lajos  utca 
86. 

1211  Budapest,  Kossuth  Lajos  utca 
99. 

1221  Budapest,  Kossuth  Lajos  utca 
31. 

1222 Budapest, Nagytétényi út 37-45. 

7621 Pécs, Rákóczi út 44. 

7621 Pécs, Rákóczi út 1. 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

7632 Pécs, Pécs-Kertváros,Diana tér 
14. 

6000 Kecskemét, Dunaföldvári út 2. 

3580  Tiszaújváros,  Szent  István  út 
30. 

7633  Pécs,  Pécs-Újmecsekalja,Ybl 
Miklós utca 7/3. 

7300 Komló, Kossuth Lajos utca 95/1. 

6320 Solt, Kossuth Lajos utca 48-50. 

6080  Szabadszállás,  Dózsa  György 
út 1. 

5600 Békéscsaba, Szt István tér 3. 

3600 Ózd, Városház tér 1/a. 

3980  Sátoraljaújhely,  Széchenyi  tér 
13. 

7700 Mohács, Jókai utca 1. 

3900 Szerencs, Kossuth tér 3/a. 

7800  Siklós,  Felszabadulás  utca  60-
62. 

7900 Szigetvár, Vár utca 4. 

7720 Pécsvárad, Bem utca 2/b 

5700 Gyula, Bodoky utca 9. 

5800  Mezőkovácsháza,  Árpád  utca 
177. 

5900  Orosháza,  Kossuth  Lajos  utca 
20. 

7370 Sásd, Dózsa György utca 2. 

5540 Szarvas, Kossuth Lajos tér 1. 

7960 Sellye, Köztársaság tér 4. 

5520 Szeghalom, Tildy Zoltán utca 4-
8. 

7940  Szentlőrinc,  Munkácsy  utca 
16/A 

5630 Békés, Széchenyi tér 2. 

7773 Villány, Baross Gábor utca 36. 

5830 Battonya, Fő utca 86. 

7754 Bóly, Hősök tere 8/b. 

5510 Dévaványa, Árpád utca 32. 

6000 Kecskemét, Korona utca 2. 

5742 Elek, Gyulai  út 5. 

6000 Kecskemét, Szabadság tér 5. 

5500 Gyomaendrőd, Szabadság tér 7 

6500 Baja, Deák Ferenc utca 1. 

5650 Mezőberény, Kossuth Lajos tér 
12. 

6300  Kalocsa,  Szent  István  király  út 
43-45. 

5820 Mezőhegyes, Zala Gy  ltp. 7. 

6200 Kiskőrös, Petőfi tér 13. 

5720 Sarkad, Árpád fejedelem tér 5. 

6400 Kiskunhalas, Sétáló utca 7 

5940 Tótkomlós, Széchenyi utca 4-6. 

3700 Kazincbarcika, Egressy Béni út 
50. 

3950 Sárospatak, Eötvös József utca 
2. 

3630 Putnok, Kossuth Lajos út 45. 

3800 Szikszó, Kassai utca 16. 

3770  Sajószentpéter,  Bethlen  Gábor 
utca 1/a. 

3450 Mezőcsát, Hősök tere 23. 

3910 Tokaj, Rákóczi utca 37. 

3527 Miskolc, József Attila utca 87. 

6720 Szeged, Takaréktár utca 7. 

6720 Szeged, Aradi vértanúk tere 3. 

6791  Szeged,  Negyvennyolcas  utca 
3. 

6600 Szentes, Kossuth Lajos utca 26. 

6640  Csongrád,  Szentháromság  tér 
2-6. 

6100 Kiskunfélegyháza, Petőfi tér 1 

6430 Bácsalmás, Szt János utca 32. 

6087 Dunavecse, Fő út 40. 

6070 Izsák, Szabadság tér 1. 

6440 Jánoshalma, Rákóczi utca 10. 

6237 Kecel, Császártöltési utca 1. 

6120 Kiskunmajsa, Csendes köz 1. 

6090 Kunszentmiklós, Kálvin tér 11. 

5661  Újkígyós,  Kossuth  Lajos  utca 
38. 

6800  Hódmezővásárhely,  Andrássy 
út 1. 

5530 Vésztő, Kossuth Lajos utca 72. 

6900 Makó, Széchenyi tér 14-16. 

5525  Füzesgyarmat,  Szabadság  tér 
1. 

5600  Békéscsaba,  Andrássy  út  37-
43. 

6760 Kistelek, Kossuth Lajos utca 6-8 

6782 Mórahalom, Szegedi út 3. 

6724 Szeged, Rókusi krt. 42-64. 

3530 Miskolc, Uitz B. utca 6. 

6724 Szeged, Londoni krt. 3. 

3530 Miskolc, Rákóczi út 1. 

8000 Székesfehérvár, Ősz utca 13. 

3531 Miskolc, Győri kapu 51. 

2060 Bicske, Bocskai köz 1. 

6050 Lajosmizse, Dózsa György utca 
102/a. 

3535 Miskolc, Árpád út 2. 

6449 Mélykút, Petőfi tér 18. 

3780 Edelény, Tóth Árpád út 1. 

3860 Encs, Bem József utca 1. 

6230  Soltvadkert,  Szentháromság 
utca 2. 

6060 Tiszakécske, Béke tér 6. 

2400  Dunaújváros,  Dózsa  György  út 
4/e. 

8060 Mór, Deák Ferenc utca 2. 

7000 Sárbogárd, Ady Endre út 172. 

3400 Mezőkövesd, Mátyás király utca 
149. 

2457 Adony, Petőfi Sándor utca 2. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

8130 Enying, Kossuth Lajos utca 43. 

4087 Hajdúdorog, Petőfi tér 9-11. 

2483 Gárdony, Szabadság út 18. 

4138 Komádi, Fő utca 1-3. 

8154 Polgárdi, Deák Ferenc utca 16. 

4181 Nádudvar, Fő utca 119. 

8000 Székesfehérvár, Fő utca 7. 

4090 Polgár, Barankovics tér 15. 

8000  Székesfehérvár,  Holland  fasor 
2. 

4242 Hajdúhadház, Kossuth utca 2. 

9022 Győr, Teleki László utca 51. 

9011  Győr,  Győr-Szentiván,  Déryné 
út 77. 

4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1. 

4254 Nyíradony, Árpád tér 6. 

4025 Debrecen, Hatvan utca 2-4. 

3070  Bátonyterenye,  Bányász  utca 
1/a. 

3170 Szécsény, Feszty Árpád utca 1. 

2700 Cegléd, Szabadság tér 6. 

2370 Dabas, Bartók Béla út 46. 

2100 Gödöllő, Szabadság tér 12-13. 

2200 Monor, Kossuth Lajos utca 88/b. 

2760  Nagykáta,  Bajcsy-Zsilinszky 
utca 1. 

9400 Sopron, Teleki Pál út 22./A 

3300 Eger, Törvényház utca 4. 

2300 Ráckeve, Szt István tér 3. 

9300 Csorna, Soproni út 58. 

3390 Füzesabony, Rákóczi utca 77. 

2000 Szentendre, Pannónia út 1-3. 

9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, Fő utca 24 

3200 Gyöngyös, Fő tér 1. 

2600 Vác, Széchenyi utca 3-7. 

9400 Sopron, Várkerület 96. fszt. 1. 

3360 Heves, Hősök tere 4. 

2120 Dunakeszi, Barátság utca 29. 

9330  Kapuvár,  Szt  István  király  utca 
4-6. 

3000 Hatvan, Kossuth tér 8. fszt. 1. 

2030 Érd, Budai út 24. 

9431 Fertőd, Fő utca 7. 

9317 Szany, Ady Endre utca 2. 

9024 Győr, Bartók Béla út 53/b. 

9024 Győr, Kormos István utca 6. 

9026 Győr, Egyetem tér 1. 

9027 Győr, Budai út 1. 

4025 Debrecen, Pásti utca 1-3. 

4025 Debrecen, Piac utca 45-47. 

4032 Debrecen, Füredi út 43. 

4100  Berettyóújfalu,  Oláh  Zsigmond 
utca 1. 

4150 Püspökladány, Kossuth utca 2. 

4220  Hajdúböszörmény,  Kossuth 
Lajos utca 3. 

4080  Hajdúnánás,  Köztársaság  tér 
17-18/a. 

3021 Lőrinci, Szabadság tér 25/A 

2750 Nagykőrös, Szabadság tér 2. 

3250 Pétervására, Szt Márton utca 9. 

2440  Százhalombatta,  Szent  István 
tér 8. 

3245 Recsk, Kossuth Lajos út 93. 

3300 Eger, Széchenyi  utca 2. 

2800 Tatabánya, Fő tér 32. 

2510 Dorog, Bécsi út 33. 

2900 Komárom, Mártirok útja 23. 

2890 Tata, Ady Endre utca 1-3. 

2500 Esztergom, Rákóczi tér 2-4. 

2840 Oroszlány, Rákóczi utca 84. 

2941 Ács, Gyár utca 14. 

2740 Abony, Kossuth Lajos tér 3. 

2730 Albertirsa, Vasút utca 4/a. 

2170  Aszód,  Kossuth  Lajos  utca  42-
46. 

2040  Budaörs,  Szabadság  utca 
131/a. 

2330  Dunaharaszti,  Dózsa  György 
utca 25. 

2230 Gyömrő, Szt István utca 17. 

2340  Kiskunlacháza,  Dózsa  György 
utca 219. 

2870 Kisbér, Batthyány tér 5. 

2364 Ócsa, Szabadság tér 1. 

2536  Nyergesújfalu,  Kossuth  Lajos 
utca 126. 

2721 Pilis, Rákóczi utca 9. 

2800 Tatabánya, Bárdos László utca 
2. 

4200 Hajdúszoboszló, Szilfákalja utca 
6-8. 

3100 Salgótarján, Rákóczi út 22. 

4060  Balmazújváros,  Veres  Péter 
utca 3. 

2660 
fejedelem utca 44. 

Balassagyarmat, 

Rákóczi 

2085 Pilisvörösvár, Fő utca 60 

2310  Szigetszentmiklós,  Ifjúság  útja 
17. 

2220 Vecsés, Fő utca 170. 

2360 Gyál, Kőrösi út 160. 

4110 Biharkeresztes, Kossuth utca 4. 

3060 Pásztó, Fő utca 73/a. 

2143 Kistarcsa, Hunyadi utca 7. 

4130  Derecske,  Köztársaság  utca 
111. 

2651  Rétság,  Rákóczi  Ferenc  utca 
28-30. 

2119 Pécel, Kossuth  tér 4. 

2092 Budakeszi, Fő utca 174. 

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OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

2141 Csömör, Határ út 6. 

4492 Dombrád, Szabadság tér 7. 

2040 Budaörs, Sport út 2-4. 

2120 Dunakeszi, Nádas utca 6. 

2310  Szigetszentmiklós,  Háros  utca 
120. 

2013 Pomáz, József Attila utca 17. 

2083 Solymár, Szent Flórián utca 2. 

2220 Vecsés, Fő utca 246-248 

2112 Veresegyház, Fő út 52 

2234 Maglód, Esterházy  utca 1. 

2030 Érd, Iparos út 5. 

2225 Üllő, Pesti út 92/b. 

7400 Kaposvár, Széchenyi tér 2. 

7400 Kaposvár, Honvéd utca 55. 

8700 Marcali, Rákóczi utca 6-10. 

7500 Nagyatád, Korányi Sándor utca 
6. 

8600 Siófok, Fő tér 10/a 

7570 Barcs, Séta tér 5. 

8630  Balatonboglár,  Dózsa  György 
utca 1. 

8840 Csurgó, Petőfi tér 20. 

8640 Fonyód, Ady Endre utca 25. 

8693 Lengyeltóti, Csalogány utca 2. 

8660 Tab, Kossuth Lajos utca 96. 

7561 Nagybajom, Fő út 107 

8638 Balatonlelle, Rákóczi út 202-204 

4400 Nyíregyháza, Rákóczi utca 1. 

4900 
Zsigmond utca 4. 

Fehérgyarmat, 

Móricz 

4600 Kisvárda, Szt László utca 30. 

4700  Mátészalka,  Szalkay  László 
utca 34. 

4300 Nyírbátor, Zrínyi utca 1. 

4800 Vásárosnamény, Szabadság tér 
33. 

4561  Baktalórántháza,  Köztársaság 
tér 4. 

7030 Paks, Dózsa György utca 33. 

4233 Balkány, Szakolyi utca 5. 

4765 Csenger, Ady Endre utca 1. 

4501  Kemecse,  Móricz  Zsigmond 
utca 18. 

7090 Tamási, Szabadság utca 33 

7150 Bonyhád, Szabadság tér 10. 

7200 Dombóvár, Dombó Pál utca 3. 

7020 Dunaföldvár, Béke tér 11. 

7081 Simontornya, Petőfi utca 68. 

4320 Nagykálló, Árpád utca 10. 

7130 Tolna, Kossuth Lajos utca 31. 

4450  Tiszalök,  Kossuth  Lajos  utca 
52/a. 

4440  Tiszavasvári,  Kossuth  Lajos 
utca 6. 

4244 Újfehértó, Fő tér 15. 

4625 Záhony, Ady Endre út 27-29. 

5000 Szolnok, Szapáry utca 31. 

5000 Szolnok, Nagy Imre krt. 2/a. 

5100 Jászberény, Lehel vezér tér 28. 

5440 Kunszentmárton, Kossuth Lajos 
utca 2. 

5350 Tiszafüred, Piac tér 3. 

5200  Törökszentmiklós,  Kossuth 
Lajos út 141. 

7030 Paks, Kishegyi út 44/a 

7140 Bátaszék, Budai út 13. 

9700 Szombathely, Fő tér 3-5. 

9700 Szombathely, Rohonci út 52. 

9900 Körmend, Vida József utca 12. 

9600 Sárvár, Batthyány utca 2. 

9500 Celldömölk, Kossuth Lajos utca 
18. 

9730 Kőszeg, Kossuth Lajos utca 8. 

9970 Szentgotthárd, Mártírok út 2. 

9800 Vasvár, Alkotmány utca 2. 

9737 Bük, Kossuth Lajos utca 1-3. 

5300 Karcag, Kossuth Lajos tér 15. 

9700 Szombathely, Király utca 10. 

5310 Kisújszállás, Szabadság tér 6. 

9970 Szentgotthárd, Füzesi út 15. 

5400 Mezőtúr, Szabadság tér 29. 

5420 Túrkeve, Széchenyi utca 32-34. 

5130 Jászapáti, Kossuth Lajos út 2-8. 

5123 
Ferenc utca 4-6. 

Jászárokszállás, 

Rákóczi 

8200  Veszprém,  Brusznyai  Árpád  
utca 1. 

8400 Ajka, Szabadság tér 18. 

8500 Pápa, Fő tér 22. 

8300 Tapolca, Fő tér 2. 

5055 Jászladány, Kossuth Lajos utca 
77. 

8230  Balatonfüred,  Petőfi  Sándor 
utca 8. 

5340 Kunhegyes, Szabadság tér 4. 

8100 Várpalota, Újlaky út 2. 

5321 Kunmadaras, Karcagi út 2-4. 

5435 Martfű, Szolnoki út 142 

5430  Tiszaföldvár,  Kossuth  Lajos  út 
191. 

8220  Balatonalmádi,  Baross  Gábor 
utca 5/a. 

8460  Devecser,  Kossuth  Lajos  utca 
13. 

8330 Sümeg, Kisfaludy Sándor  tér 1. 

5000 Szolnok, Széchenyi krt. 135. 

8420 Zirc, Rákóczi tér 15. 

7100 Szekszárd, Szent István tér 5-7. 

8900  Zalaegerszeg,  Kisfaludy  utca 
15-17. 

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8800 Nagykanizsa, Deák tér 15. 

8868 Letenye, Szabadság tér 8. 

8380  Hévíz,  Erzsébet  királyné  utca 
11. 

8960 Lenti, Dózsa György utca 1. 

8360  Keszthely,  Kossuth  Lajos  utca 
38. 

8790  Zalaszentgrót,  Batthyány  utca 
11. 

1054 Budapest, Szabadság tér 7-8. 

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BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

STATEMENT ON CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRACTICE 

Corporate governance practice 

OTP  Bank  Plc.,  being  registered  in  Hungary,  has  a  corporate  governance  policy  that  complies  with  the 
provisions on companies of the act applicable (Civil Code). As the company conducts banking operations, it 
also adheres to the statutory regulations pertaining to credit institutions. 

Beyond fulfilling the statutory requirements, as a listed company on the Budapest Stock Exchange (BSE), the 
company  also  makes  an  annual  declaration  on  its  compliance  with  the  BSE’s  Corporate  Governance 
Recommendations. After being approved by the General Meeting, this declaration is published on the websites 
of both the Stock Exchange (www.bet.hu) and the Bank (www.otpbank.hu). 

System of internal controls 

OTP Bank Plc., as a provider of financial and investment services, operates a closely regulated and state-
supervised system of internal controls. 

OTP  Bank  Plc.  has  detailed  risk  management  regulations  applicable  to  all  types  of  risks  (credit,  country, 
counterparty,  market,  liquidity,  operational,  compliance),  which  are  in  compliance  with  the  regulations  on 
prudent  banking  operations.  Its  risk  management  system  extends  to  cover  the  identification  of  risks,  the 
assessment and analysis of their impact, elaboration of the required action plans and the monitoring of their 
effectiveness  and  results.  The  business  continuity  framework  is  intended  to  provide  for  the  continuity  of 
services.  Developed  on  the  basis  of  international  methodologies,  the  lifecycle  model  includes  process 
evaluation, action plan development for critical processes, the regular review and testing of these, as well as 
related DRP activities. 

OTP Bank Plc.'s internal audit system is realised on several levels of control built on each other. The system 
of  internal  checks  and  balances  includes  process-integrated  control,  management  control,  independent 
internal audit organisation and executive information system. The independent internal audit organisation as 
an  element  of  internal  lines  of  defence  promotes  the  statutory  and  efficient  management  of  assets  and 
liabilities,  the  defence  of  property,  the  safe  course  of  business,  the  efficient  operation  of  internal  control 
systems, the minimisation of risks, moreover it reveals and reports deviations from statutory regulations and 
internal rules, makes proposal to abolish deficiencies and follows up the execution of actions. The independent 
internal  audit  organisation  annually  and  quarterly  prepares  group-level  reports  on  control  actions  for  the 
executive boards. Once a year, the internal audit organisation with the prior opinion of the Audit Committee 
draws up, for the Supervisory Board and the Board of Directors, objective and independent reports in respect 
of  the  operation  of  risk  management,  internal  control  mechanisms  and  corporate  governance  functions. 
Furthermore, in line with the provisions of the Credit Institutions Act, reports, once a year, to the Supervisory 
Board and the Board of Directors on the regularity of internal audit tasks, professional requirements and the 
conduct of audits, and on the review of compliance with IT and other technical conditions needed for the audits. 

In  line  with  the  regulations  of  the  European  Union,  the  applicable  Hungarian  laws  and  supervisory 
recommendations, OTP Bank Plc. operates an independent organisational unit with the task of identifying and 
managing compliance risks. 

IT Controls 

Applications  are  developed  by  both  in-house  group  resources  and  by  third  parties.  OTP  Bank  applies 
administrative, logical and physical control measures commensurate with the risk to protect the IT systems 
storing and processing data, as follows: 

•  access to data/systems is only possible on the basis of a predefined authorisation management process 
that applies the principle of least privilege, ensures segregation of responsibilities, that has regular access 
right reviews  and ensures that dismissed employees’ access is revoked; 

•  user authentication, authorisation and password management processes are controlled by policies and 

• 

audited; 
the  systems  have  well-separated  test  and  development  environments,  which  ensures  that  program 
developments or modifications are only deployed to the operational environment after proper, controlled 
testing and approval; 

•  systems are protected by appropriate network perimeter protection, various security devices and network 

• 

segmentation, furthermore all network communications are protected; 
the IT systems that store and process data are regularly backed up and stored in controlled premises with 
adequate protection for long-term retention, and the organisation carries out regular back-up tests; 

•  adequate redundancy is applied for IT systems that store and process data to ensure business continuity 

and disaster resiliency; 

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•  has developed a BCP for critical systems and processes, which is regularly tested and reviewed; 
• 

the  Bank collects and retains  the complete  log  of  all data  processing  activities and  the confidentiality, 
availability, integrity and non-repudiation of these audit logs are ensured; 
there is a continuous, up-to-date protection against malicious codes; 
it ensures the regular implementation of vendor patches and updates for the environments used; 
it uses a data leakage protection solution to reduce the risk of data loss; 
it  ensures  the  continuous  monitoring  of  the  operation  of  the  physical  and  virtual  environment  system 
elements, and the detection and management of events, where possible automatically; 
the  above  measures  are  documented  at  an  appropriate  level,  which  ensures  the  traceability  of  the 
implementation of data security requirements in a transparent manner; 
it ensures the irretrievable deletion of the data stored on the media, the destruction of the media and the 
documentation of the destruction of the media during secure operational media disposal processes; 
it  enforces  data  protection  requirements  already  at  the  design  stage  of  the  implementation  of  the  
IT systems storing and processing personal data and of the systems operational processes related to 
them; 
it ensures that its employees have adequate knowledge of data protection requirements and provides 
regular data protection and information security training for them. 

• 
• 
• 
• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

General meeting 

The  General  Meeting  is  the  supreme  governing  body  of  OTP  Bank  Plc.  The  regulations  pertaining  to  its 
operation are set forth in the Company’s Articles of Association, and comply fully with both general and special 
statutory requirements. Information on the General Meeting is available in the Corporate Governance Report. 

In view of the situation caused by the epidemic, on 22 February 2021 the Parliament voted Act I of 2021 on 
the prevention of the coronavirus pandemic, which extended the scope of the Government Decree 502/2020 
(XI.16.) (Government Decree) until 22 May 2021. Pursuant to such, in line with Section 9 of the Government 
Decree, the resolutions on the published agenda items were passed by OTP Bank Plc’s Board of Directors 
acting in the competence of the General Meeting on 16 April 2021. 

The  Extraordinary  General  Meeting  was  held  on  15  October  2021  in  accordance  with  the  general  rules, 
traditionally, with the personal participation of the shareholders, subject to Section 3 (1) of the Government 
Decree, also in line with the Act I of 2021 on the prevention of the coronavirus pandemic. 

Regulations and information to be presented in the Business Report concerning securities conferring 
voting  rights  issued  by  the  Company  and  senior  officials,  according  to  the  effective  Articles  of 
Association, and ownership structure  

The  Company’s  registered  capital  is  HUF  28,000,001,000,  that  is  twenty-eight  thousand  million  one 
thousand  Hungarian  forint,  divided  into  280,000,010  that  is  Two  hundred  and  eighty  million  and  ten 
dematerialised  ordinary  shares  with  a  nominal  value  of  HUF  100  each,  and  a  total  nominal  value  of  
HUF 28,000,001,000, that is twenty eight billion one thousand Hungarian forint. 

The ordinary shares of the Company specified all have the same nominal value and bestow the same rights 
in respect of the Company. 

There  are  no  restrictions  in  place  concerning  the  transfer  of  issued  securities  constituting  the  registered 
capital of the Company.  

No securities with special control rights have been issued by the Company. 

Special  Employee  Partial Ownership  Plan  Organization No.  I. of  OTP  Employees and  Special  Employee 
Partial Ownership Plan Organization No. II. of OTP Employees (hereinafter referred to as: OTP SEPOPs) 
were established based on the decision of the Company’s certain employees and executives considered as 
employees pursuant to the Act XLIV of 1992 on Employee Partial Ownership Plan. Management rights of 
OTP SEPOPs are exercised by a trust named Alapítvány az OTP Munkavállalók Különleges Résztulajdonosi 
Programjáért, founded by the same employees setting up OTP SEPOPs. The Company did not participate 
either in foundation or in management of OTP SEPOPs. 

The Company in line with the ESOP Act initiated an employee share ownership plan having a remuneration 
purpose  and  founded  OTP  Bank  ESOP  Organization  for  its  execution  (hereinafter  referred  to  as  ESOP 
Organization). Pursuant to the laws, the management rights over the ESOP Organization are exercised by 
a law firm, the so called trustee. In the case of the ESOP Organization Szűcs Law Firm is entitled to exercise 
the  authorities  of  the  trustee.  The  Company  participated  in  the  foundation  of  the  ESOP  Organization, 
however, after its foundation it cannot participate in its management, and according to the laws, it is not 
entitled to either give orders or to recall the trustee. 

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Rules on the restrictions of the voting rights: 

The Company’s ordinary shares confer one vote per share. 

An individual shareholder or group of shareholders may not exercise voting rights in respect of in an extent 
exceeding  25%,  or  –  if  the  voting  rights  of  another  shareholder  or  group  of  shareholders  exceed  10%  – 
exceeding 33% of the total voting rights represented by the shares conferring voting rights at the Company’s 
General Meeting. 

The  shareholder  is  obliged  to  notify  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  without  delay  if  the  shareholder 
directly or indirectly, or together with other shareholders in the same group of shareholders, holds more than 
2% of the voting rights represented by the shares conferring voting rights at the Company’s General Meeting. 
Concurrently with this, the shareholder is obliged to designate the shareholders through which the indirect 
voting right exists, or the members of the group of shareholders. In the event of a failure to provide such 
notification, or if there are substantive grounds for assuming that the shareholder has made a misleading 
declaration regarding the composition of the shareholder group, then the shareholder’s voting right shall be 
suspended and may not be exercised until the shareholder has met the above obligations. The notification 
obligation  stipulated  in  this  paragraph  and  the  related  legal  consequences  are  also  incumbent  upon 
individuals who are classified or may be classified as the Company’s shareholders under Article 61 of the 
Capital Markets Act. The Company must also be provided with proof of the conditions for exemption from 
the notification obligation in accordance with Section 61 (7)-(8) and Section 61 (10)-(11)-(12), of the Capital 
Markets Act. 

Shareholder  group:  the  shareholder  and  another  shareholder,  in  which  the  former  has  either  a  direct  or 
indirect  shareholding  or  has  an  influence  without  a  shareholding  (collectively:  a  direct  and/or  indirect 
influence); furthermore: the shareholder and another shareholder who is exercising or is willing to exercise 
its voting rights together with the former shareholder, regardless of what type of agreement between the 
participants underlies such concerted exercising of rights. 

For  determining  the  existence  and  extent  of  the  indirect  holding,  the  rules  of  the  Credit  Institutions  Act 
relating to the calculation of indirect ownership shall be applied.  

If the voting rights that may be exercised by a shareholder group exceed the threshold stipulated in the first 
paragraph of this section, the voting rights shall be reduced in such a way that the voting rights relating to 
the shares most recently acquired by the group of shareholders shall not be exercisable. 

If  there  are  substantive  grounds  to  presume  that  the  exercising  of  voting  rights  by  any  shareholder  or 
shareholders might result in a breach of the rules of the Capital Markets Act relating to the acquisition of a 
controlling  interest,  the  Board  of  Directors’  authorised  representative  responsible  for  the  registration  of 
shareholders at the venue of the General Meeting, or the Chairman of the General Meeting, may exclude 
the affected shareholders from attending the General Meeting or exercising voting rights. 

The  General  Meeting  has  exclusive  authority  with  respect  to  the  decision  regarding  the  delisting  of  the 
shares  (qualified  majority).  When  making  the  decisions,  shares  embodying  multiple  voting  rights  shall 
represent one share. 

The Company is not aware of any kind of agreements among the owners that could give rise to the restriction 
of the transfer of issued securities and/or the voting rights.  

Rules  on  the  appointment  and  removal  of  executive  officers,  and  rules  on  amendment  of  the  Articles  of 
Association: 

The Board of Directors has at least 5, and up to 11 members. 

When  making  the  decisions,  shares  embodying  multiple  voting  rights  shall  represent  one  share.  The 
members of the Board of Directors are elected by the General Meeting based on its decision uniformly either 
for  an  indefinite  period  or  for  five  years;  in  the  latter  case  the  mandate  ends  with  the  General  Meeting 
concluding the fifth financial year following the election. The mandate of a member elected during this period 
expires together with the mandate of the Board of Directors.  

The Board of Directors elects a Chairman and, may elect one or more Deputy Chairmen, from among its 
own members, whose period of office shall be equal to the mandate of the Board of Directors. The Chairman 
of the Board of Directors is also the Chief Executive Officer (Chairman & CEO) of the Company, unless the 
Board of Directors decides within its competence that the position of Chairman of the Board of Directors and 
the Chief Executive Officer of the Company are held by separate persons. 

The membership of the Board of Directors ceases to exist by 

a.  expiry of the mandate, 
b. 

resignation, 

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BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

c. 
recall, 
d.  death, 
e. 
f. 

the occurrence of grounds for disqualification as regulated by law. 
termination of the employment of internal (executive) Board members.  

The General Meeting has exclusive authority with respect to the following matters: 

 

the recall of members of the Board of Directors, the Supervisory Board and Audit Committee, and of the 
auditor; (qualified majority) 
More than one third of the members of the Board of Directors and the non-executive members of the 
Supervisory Board may be recalled within a 12-month period only if any shareholder holds more than 
33% of the shares issued by the Company, which have been obtained by the shareholder by way of 
a public purchase offer. 

  except in the cases referred by these Articles of Association to the authority of the Board of Directors, 
the  establishment  and  amendment  of  the  Articles  of  Association;  (qualified  majority);  the  General 
Meeting decides on proposals concerning the amendment of the Articles of Association – based on a 
resolution passed by shareholders with a simple majority – either individually or en masse. 

The Board of Directors is obliged to 

  prepare  the  Company’s  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  the  Accounting  Act,  and  make  a 

proposal for the use of the profit after taxation; 

  prepare a report once a year for the General Meeting, and once every three months for the Supervisory 

Board, concerning management, the status of the Company’s assets and business policy; 

  provide for the proper keeping of the Company's business books; 
  perform the tasks referred to its authority under the Credit Institutions Act, in particular: 

-  ensuring the integrity of the accounting and financial reporting system; 
-  elaborating  the  appropriate  strategy  and  determining  risk  tolerance  levels  for  each  business  unit 

concerned; 

-  setting risk assumption limits; 
-  providing the necessary resources for the management or risk, the valuation of assets, the use of 

external credit ratings and the application of internal models. 

The following, in particular, come under the exclusive authority of the Board of Directors: 

  election of the Chairman & Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and exercising employer’s right in 

respect thereof; 

  election of one or more Deputy Chairmen of the Board of Directors; 
  determination of the annual plan; 
 

the analysis and assessment of the implementation of business-policy guidelines, on the basis of the 
Company’s quarterly balance sheet; 

  decisions  on  transactions  referred  to  the  authority  of  the  Board  of  Directors  by  the  Company's 

organisational and operational regulations; 

  decision on launching, suspending, or terminating the performance of certain banking activities within 

the scope of the licensed activities of the Company; 

  designation of the employees entitled to sign on behalf of the Company;  
  decision  on  the  increasing  of  registered  capital  at  the  terms  set  out  in  the  relevant  resolution  of  the 

General Meeting; 

  decision to acquire treasury shares at the terms set out in the relevant resolution of the General Meeting; 
  decision on approving internal loans in accordance with the Credit Institutions Act; 
  decision on the approval of regulations that fundamentally determine banking operations, or are referred 

to its authority by the Credit Institutions Act. The following shall qualify as such regulations: 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

the collateral evaluation regulations, 
the risk-assumption regulations, 
the customer rating regulations, 
the counterparty rating regulations, 
the investment regulations, 
the regulations on asset classification, impairment and provisioning, 
the organisational and operational regulations, which contain the regulations on the procedure for 
assessing requests related to large loans, 
the regulations on the transfer of signatory rights; 

- 
the decision on approving the Rules of Procedure of the Board of Directors; 

 

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BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

  decision on steps to hinder a public takeover procedure; 
  decision on the acceptance of a public purchase offer received in respect of treasury shares; 
  decision on the commencement of trading in the shares in a regulated market (flotation); 
  decision on the cessation of trading in the shares in a given regulated market, provided that the shares 

are traded in another regulated market (hereinafter: transfer). 

The Board of Directors is exclusively authorised to: 

  decide, in the cases specified in the Civil Code, on acceptance of the Company’s interim balance sheet, 

subject to the prior approval of the Supervisory Board; 

  decide,  instead  of  the  General  Meeting,  to  pay  an  advance  on  dividends,  subject  to  the  preliminary 

approval of the Supervisory Board; 

  make  decisions  regarding  any  change  in  the  Company’s  name,  registered  office,  permanent 
establishments and branches, and in the Company’s activities – with the exception of its core activity – 
and, in relation to this, to modify the Articles of Association should it become necessary to do so on the 
basis of the Civil Code or the Articles of Association; 

  make decision on mergers (if, according to the provisions of the law on the transformation, merger and 
demerger of legal entities, the approval of the General Meeting is not required in order for the merger to 
take place). 

The Board of Directors directly exercises employer's rights in respect of the Chairman & CEO. The person 
affected by a decision may not participate in the decision making. Employer rights in respect of the executive 
directors of the Company are exercised by the Board of Directors through the Chairman & CEO, with the 
proviso  that  the  Board  of  Directors  must  be  notified  in  advance  of  the  appointment  and  dismissal  of  the 
Deputy CEOs. With regard to issues related to the exercising of employer's rights in respect of employees, 
the Company is represented by the Chief Executive Officer and by the senior company employees defined 
in the Organisational and Operational Regulations of the Company, in accordance with the delegation of 
authority approved by the Board of Directors. If the Chairman of the Board of Directors and the CEO are 
different  persons,  the  employer  rights  in  respect  of  the  other  executive  directors  of  the  Company  (CEO, 
deputy CEOs) are exercised by the Board of Directors through the Chairman of Board of Directors, with the 
proviso that the Board of Directors shall be notified in advance of the appointment and dismissal of the CEO 
and  Deputy  CEOs.  With  regard  to  issues  related  to  the  exercising  of  employer's  rights  in  respect  of 
employees,  the  Company  is  represented  by  the  persons  defined  in  the  Organisational  and  Operational 
Regulations  of  the  Company,  in  accordance  with  the  delegation  of  authority  approved  by  the  Board  of 
Directors. 

The Board of Directors may delegate, to individual members of the Board of Directors, to executive directors 
employed by the Company, and to the heads of the individual service departments, any task that does not 
come under the exclusive authority of the Board of Directors in accordance with these Articles of Association 
or a General Meeting resolution. 

The  Company  may  acquire  treasury  shares  in  accordance  with  the  rules  of  the  Civil  Code.  The  prior 
authorisation of the General Meeting is not required for the acquisition of treasury shares if the acquisition 
of  the  shares  is  necessary  in  order  to  prevent  a  direct  threat  of  severe  damage  to  the  Company  (this 
provision is not applicable in the event of a public purchase offer aimed at buying up the Company’s shares), 
as well as if the Company acquires the treasury shares in the context of a judicial procedure aimed at the 
settlement of a claim to which the Company is entitled, or in the course of a transformation. 

The  Company  has  not  made  agreements  in  the  meaning  of  points  (j)  and  (k)  in  paragraph  95/A  of  
Act No. C of 2000 on Accounting. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

Ownership structure of OTP Bank Plc. 

Description of owner 

Total equity 

1 January 2021 

Voting 
rights1 

Quantity 

Ownership 
share  

Voting 
rights 1 

Quantity 

31 December 2021 

Ownership 
share 
20.93%
71.60%
4.79%
0.11%
0.85%
1.55%
0.08%
0.04%
0.04%
100.00%

Domestic institution/company 
Foreign institution/company 
Domestic individual 
Foreign individual 
Employees, senior officers 
Treasury shares2 
Government held owner 
International Development Institutions 
Other3 
TOTAL 
1 Voting rights in the General Meeting of the Issuer for participation in decision-making.  
2 Treasury shares do not include the OTP shares held by ESOP (OTP Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan Organization). Pursuant to Act V of 2013 on 
the Civil Code, OTP shares held by the ESOP are not classified as treasury shares, but the ESOP must be consolidated in accordance with IFRS 10 
Consolidated Financial Statements standard. On 31 December 2021 ESOP owned 7.656.897 OTP shares. 

74,637,180
186,733,858
12,805,389
319,712
1,941,018
3,251,484
188,326
120,871
2,172
280,000,010

58,605,628
200,480,153
13,424,090
319,346
2,393,390
4,334,140
219,800
108,981
114,482
280,000,010

26.97% 
67.47% 
4.63% 
0.12% 
0.70% 
0.00% 
0.07% 
0.04% 
0.00% 
100.00% 

21.26%
72.73%
4.87%
0.12%
0.87%
0.00%
0.08%
0.04%
0.04%
100.00%

26.66%
66.69%
4.57%
0.11%
0.69%
1.16%
0.07%
0.04%
0.00%
100.00%

3 Non-identified shareholders according to the shareholders’ registry. 

Number of treasury shares held in the year under review (2021) 

OTP Bank  
Subsidiaries 
TOTAL 

1 January 
4,334,140 
0 
4,334,140 

31 March
4,330,609
0
4,330,609

30 June
1,120,786
0
1,120,786

30 September 
1,077,322 
0 
1,077,322 

31 December
3,251,484
0
3,251,484

SHAREHOLDERS WITH OVER/AROUND 5% STAKE AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2021 

Name 

Nationality1

Activity2 

MOL (Hungarian Oil and Gas Company Plc.)  
KAFIJAT Group  
KAFIJAT Ltd. 
MGTR Alliance Ltd. 

Groupama Group 

Groupama Gan Vie SA 
Groupama Biztosító Ltd. 

D 
D 
D 
D 
F/D 
F 
D 

C 
C 
C 
C 
C 
C 
C 

Number of 
shares 
24,000,000
19,661,409
9,839,918
9,836,491
14,311,769
14,140,000
171,769

Ownership3 

Voting 
rights3,4 

Notes5 

8.57% 
7.02% 
3.51% 
3.51% 
5.11% 
5.05% 
0.06% 

8.67% 
7.10% 
3.56% 
3.55% 
5.17% 
5.11% 
0.06% 

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

1 Domestic (D), Foreign (F). 
2 Custodian (CU), Public Institution (PU), International Development Institutions (ID), Institutional (I), Company (C), Private (PR),  
  Employee or senior officer (E). 
3 Rounded to two decimals. 
4 Voting rights in the General Meeting of the Issuer for participation in decision-making. 
5 Eg: professional investor, financial investor, etc. 

Senior officers, strategic employees and their shareholding of OTP shares as at 31 December 2021 

Type1 

Name 

Position 

IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
FB 
FB 
FB 
FB 
FB 
FB 
SP 
SP 

dr. Sándor Csányi 2 
Chairman and CEO 
Deputy Chairman 
Tamás Erdei  
member 
Gabriella Balogh 
member 
Mihály Baumstark 
member, Deputy CEO 
Péter Csányi 
member 
dr. István Gresa 
member, Deputy CEO 
Antal Kovács 
György Nagy 3 
member 
dr. Márton Gellért Vági  member 
member 
dr. József Vörös 
member, Deputy CEO 
László Wolf 
Chairman 
Tibor Tolnay 
Deputy Chairman 
dr. Gábor Horváth 
member 
Klára Bella 
member 
dr. Tamás Gudra 
member 
András Michnai 
member 
Olivier Péqueux 
Deputy CEO 
László Bencsik 
Deputy CEO 
György Kiss-Haypál 
TOTAL No. of shares held by management: 
 1 Employee in strategic position (SP), Board Member (IT), Supervisory Board Member (FB) 
2 Number of OTP shares owned by Dr. Sándor Csányi directly or indirectly: 4,080,034 
3 Number of OTP shares owned by György Nagy directly or indirectly: 600,000 

Commencement 
date of the term 
15/05/1992 
27/04/2012 
16/04/2021 
29/04/1999 
16/04/2021 
27/04/2012 
15/04/2016 
16/04/2021 
16/04/2021 
15/05/1992 
15/04/2016 
15/05/1992 
19/05/1995 
12/04/2019 
16/04/2021 
25/04/2008 
13/04/2018 

Expiration/termination 
of the term 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2023 
2023 
2023 
2023 
2023 
2023 

Number of 
shares 

293,907
32,285
1,393
44,000
1
173,258
79,244
0
0
171,114
532,143
54
0
344
0
100
0
10,038
3,137
1,341,018

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

Committees1 
Members of the Board of Directors 
Dr. Sándor Csányi – Chairman 
Mr. Tamás Erdei – Deputy Chairman 
Ms. Gabriella Balogh2 
Mr. Mihály Baumstark 
Dr. Tibor Bíró3 
Mr. Péter Csányi2 
Dr. István Gresa 
Mr. Antal Kovács 
Mr. György Nagy2 
Dr. Antal Pongrácz3 
Dr. László Utassy3 
Dr. Márton Gellért Vági2 
Dr. József Vörös 
Mr. László Wolf 

Members of the Supervisory Board 
Mr. Tibor Tolnay – Chairman 
Dr. József Gábor Horváth – Deputy Chairman 
Ms. Klára Bella 
Dr. Tamás Gudra4 

Mr. András Michnai 
Mr. Olivier Péqueux 
Dr. Márton Gellért Vági5 

Members of the Audit Committee 
Dr. József Gábor Horváth – Chairman 
Mr. Tibor Tolnay – Deputy Chairman 
Dr. Tamás Gudra6 
Mr. Olivier Péqueux 
Dr. Márton Gellért Vági7  

The résumés of the committee and board members are available in the Corporate Governance Report/Annual 
Report.  

Personal and organizational changes  

On 12 March 2021, the labour contract of Mr. Tibor Johancsik, Deputy CEO in charge of IT had been terminated 
by mutual agreement. The new head of the Digital Division (IT Division until 1 May 2021) is Mr. Péter Csányi, 
who had been in charge of digital developments and sales as managing director until his appointment. Key task 
of the area in transition is going to be the efficient support of the Bank’s digital transformation through further 
improving  customer  experience.  The  new  strategy  of  the  division  is  aimed  at  creating  such  an  IT  that  has 
business  competence,  but  also  serving  as  a  platform  for  other  business  areas  while  setting  the  pace  of 
digitalization in accordance with the National Bank of Hungary’s digital recommendations. 

On 16 April 2016 the Board of Directors acting in the competency of the Annual General Meeting elected Ernst 
& Young Ltd. as the Bank’s auditor concerning the audit of OTP Bank Plc.’s separate and consolidated annual 
financial statements in accordance with International Financial  Reporting Standards for the year 2021,  from  
1 May 2021 until 30 April 2022. 

On 16 April the Board of Directors acting in the competency of the Annual General Meeting, elects Dr. Tamás 
Gudra as member of the Supervisory Board (SB) and of Audit Committee (AC) of the Company until the Annual 
General Meeting of the Company closing the 2022 business year, but not later than 30 April 2023. 

1 Personal changes can be found in the „Personal and organizational changes” chapter. 
2 From 16 April 2021, she/he is a member of the Board of Directors of OTP Bank Plc. 
3 His term of office expired on 16 April 2021. 
4 From 16 April 2021, he is a member of the Supervisory Board of OTP Bank Plc. 
5 His position on the Supervisory Board was terminated on 16 April 2021. 
6 From 16 April 2021, he is a member of the Audit Committe of OTP Bank Plc. 
7 His position on the Audit Committee was terminated on 16 April 2021. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
                                           
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

On  16  April  2021  the  Board  of  Directors  acting  in  the  competency  of  the  Annual  General  Meeting,  elects 

Dr. Sándor Csányi 
Mr. Antal György Kovács 
Mr. László Wolf 
Mr. Tamás György Erdei 
Mr. Mihály Baumstark 
Dr. István Gresa 
Dr. József Zoltán Vörös 
Mr. Péter Csányi 
Mrs. Gabriella Balogh 
Mr. György Nagy 
Dr. Gellért Márton Vági 

as members of the Board of Directors (BoD) of the Company until the Annual General Meeting of the Company 
closing the 2025 business year, but not later than 30 April 2026. 

On  16  April  2021,  Dr.  Sándor  Csányi  was  elected  as  Chairman  of  the  Bank’s  Board  of  Directors  and  in 
accordance with subsection 4 of section 9 of the Articles of Association of the Company as Chief Executive 
Officer (Chairman & CEO). 

Dr. Sándor Csányi performs his duties until the closing AGM of the fiscal year 2025 but latest until 30 April 2026. 

On  16  April  2021  Mr.  Tamás  György  Erdei,  the  member  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  was  elected  a  Deputy 
Chairman of the Board of Directors. 

Mr.  Tamás  György  Erdei  performs  his  duties  until  the  closing  AGM  of  the  fiscal  year  2025  but  latest  until  
30 April 2026 

Operation of the executive boards 

OTP Bank Plc. has a dual governance structure, in which the Board of Directors is the Company’s executive 
management  body  in  its  managerial  function,  while  the  Supervisory  Board  is  the  management  body  in  its 
supervisory function of the Company. It controls the supervision of the lawfulness of the Company’s operation, 
its  business  practices  and  management,  performs  oversight  tasks  and  accepts  the  provisions  of  the  Bank 
Group's  Remuneration  Policy.  The  effective  operation  of  Supervisory  Board  is  supported  by  the  Audit 
Committee, as a committee, which also monitors the internal audit, the risk management, the reporting systems 
and the activities of the auditor. 

In order to assist the performance of the governance functions the Board of Directors founded and operates, 
as permanent or other committees, such as the Management Committee, the Remuneration Committee, the 
Nomination  Committee  and  the  Risk  Assumption  and  Risk  Management  Committee.  To  ensure  effective 
operation OTP Bank Plc. also has a number of further permanent committees.  

OTP Bank Plc. gives an account of the activities of the executive boards and the committees every year in its 
Corporate Governance Report. 

The  Board  of  Directors  held  9,  the  Supervisory  Board  held  6  meetings,  while  the  Audit  Committee  held  
2 meetings in 2021. In addition, resolutions were passed by the Board of Directors on 180, by the Supervisory 
Board on 90 and by the Audit Committee on 28 occasions by written vote. 

Policy of diversity 

OTP Bank Plc. determines and regulates the criteria for the selection of senior executives in line with European 
Union as well as domestic legal requirements and directives fundamentally determining the operation of credit 
institutions.  
When designating members of the management bodies (Board of Directors, Supervisory Board) as well as 
appointing members of the Board of Directors and administrative members (Management), OTP Bank Plc. 
considers  the  existence  of  professional  preparation,  the  high-level  human and  leadership competence,  the 
versatile educational background, the widespread business experience and business reputation of the utmost 
importance, at the same time, it is also highly committed to taking efficient measures in order to ensure diversity 
with regard to corporate operation, including the gradual improvement in women’s participation rate.  
OTP  Bank  Plc.’s  Nomination  Committee  continuously  keeps  tracking  the  European  Union  and  domestic 
legislation  relating  to  women’s  quota  on  its  agenda,  in  that  when  unambiguously  worded  expectations  are 
announced, it promptly takes the necessary measures. In accordance with OTP Bank Plc.’s currently approved 
strategy, the goal is to have at least one female member in both the Bord of Directors and the Supervisory 
Board. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

It  is  important  to  note,  however,  that,  as  a  public  limited  company,  the  selection  of  the  members  of  the 
management bodies falls within the exclusive competence of the General Meeting upon which – beyond its 
capacity to designate enforcing the above aspects to maximum effect – OTP Bank Plc. has no substantive 
influence.  
According to OTP Bank Plc.’s Articles of Association, a Board of Directors comprising 5-11 members and a 
Supervisory Board comprising 5-9 members are set up at OTP  Bank Plc. Currently the Board of Directors 
operates with 11 members and has one female member, the Supervisory Board comprises 6 members and 
has one female member. The management of OTP Bank Plc. currently comprises 6 members and has no 
female member. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, ENVIRONMENTAL PROJECTS 

Environmental protection principles  

OTP Group is committed to the protection of the environment, the combating of climate change and its impacts, 
and  the  preservation  and  low-impact  use  of  natural  resources.  OTP  Bank’s  environmental  activities  are 
regulated in its Environmental Regulation, which is revised annually. The Regulation ensures legal compliance 
and the consideration and integration of environmental criteria into the Bank’s business operations in order to 
minimise the environmental impacts of operating and maintaining the Bank’s organisation. It also sets out the 
rules  on  implementing  the  principles  of  sustainable  procurement.  OTP  Group  members  operate  in  full 
compliance with environmental legislation and received no fines in 2020. 

In CDP’s Climate Change Questionnaire, OTP Group was rated at B- in 2021, thus retaining its previous rating. 

The environmental impacts of the OTP Group are related to the provision of financial services and directly from 
its operations. In connection with the provision of financial services, the management of environmental risks 
and  the  exploitation  of  environmental  opportunities  take  place  within  the  framework  of  the  Environmental, 
Social and Governance (ESG) strategy; therefore, these activities are presented in the chapter Non-financial 
Report. 

Our efforts to reduce the direct environmental impact of OTP Group’s operations are centred around improving 
energy  efficiency  and  reducing  paper  usage.  The  environmental  risks  associated  with  our  operations  are 
analysed and managed within our operational risk management process. Potential risks are identified during 
the annual process-based self-assessment, and the assessment of climate change risks is also included in 
the scenario analysis of risks with low probability but high impact. 

Energy consumption and business travel  

OTP  Group  uses  state-of-the-art  technology  in  new  construction  and  renovation  projects;  we  are  also 
continually expanding our use of LED lighting technology. We are constantly seeking opportunities to increase 
energy efficiency, by analysing the energy efficiency and consumption characteristics of our buildings. As part 
of  our  renovation  process,  we  are  replacing  air  conditioning  units,  always  ensuring  that  the  new  units  use 
environmentally-friendly coolants. Thanks to its energy efficiency investments in 2021, OTP Bank consumed 
1,400 GJ less energy. 

Whenever a branch of the parent bank is renovated, we always examine the possibility of installing solar panels 
and  heat  pumps.  In  2021,  we  installed  solar  panels  at  two  branches  and  a  holiday  resort.  Our  systems 
generated a total of 842 GJ energy from solar power. Moreover, our central archives facility has been using 
geothermal energy for several years, amounting to 3,499 GJ in 2021. The solar panels of our subsidiaries 
generated a total of 893 GJ of solar power. We are committed to using green electricity. One of DSK Bank's 
data centres in Sofia procures electricity from 100% renewable sources, and from 2022, we will cover 100% 
of the electricity demand of the parent bank and our Serbian and Croatian subsidiaries in the same way.  

Energy use across the Banking Group has been greatly impacted by the pandemic. Regarding ventilation and 
fresh  air  in  our  buildings,  air  recirculation  was  suspended  and  ventilation  was  intensified  instead,  which 
increased our energy usage; however, the high percentage of staff working from home reduced our electricity 
consumption. 

The number of business trips and the size of the vehicle fleet are determined by the needs of the business. 
Our Group’s vehicle policy sets carbon limits; moreover, the choice of cars includes environmentally-friendly 
vehicles in all vehicle categories. In 2021, our Romanian subsidiary purchased two electric cars, our Bulgarian 
bank seven and our Croatian bank three hybrid cars. The number of kilometres travelled also decreased at 
group level and for OTP Bank, partly due to the measures related to the pandemic and partly due to business 
reasons. The amount of business travel has been reduced significantly by the use of online meetings, which 
has become common practice due to hybrid work. 

Our  existing bicycle  storage  facilities  continued  to  be  available  to  both  customers and  employees  in  2021.  
OTP Bank provided new storage facilities at three branches and the new Record Office, our Bulgarian and 
Ukrainian  subsidiaries  have  each  created  new  bicycle  storage  spaces  at  two  locations,  while  the  Albanian 
bank provided bicycle storage at five locations at the capital's branches. 

Energy consumption figures are presented for OTP Bank. The bank’s overall energy consumption decreased 
by 5% compared to the previous year. Energy consumption per capita is unchanged. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

Volume of energy consumption, OTP Bank 
Total energy consumption (GJ) 
Per capita energy consumption (GJ) 
Energy consumption data are derived from readings; the measured consumption volumes are converted to energy using local average 
calorific values 
The projection of the per capita value is the average number of full-time employees (TMD). 
1 Data  adjusted for the consumption of Monicomp merged into OTP  Bank,  which  was not available at the time of the previous  year's 
statement.  

2020 
251,7301 
26.75 

2021
263,228
26.75

Efforts to reduce paper use 

OTP Group has been consistently endeavouring to reduce paper use and printing. OTP Bank reduced its office 
paper  usage  by  17%  over  2020,  with  the  pandemic  and  increased  rates  of  working  from  home  playing  a 
significant role in this development. Thanks to a change in printing technology, paper consumption decreased 
by 6.5%; however, at the group level, there was no further decrease compared to the drop in 2020. At our 
Romanian, Ukrainian and Russian subsidiaries, the use of paper has decreased with the expansion of digital 
processes. 

OTP Bank and its Romanian subsidiary increased its share of recycled paper in paper use. OTP Bank uses 
FSC-certified paper for its invoices and marketing flyers, as well as recycled paper for DM letters. Our Serbian 
subsidiary also uses FSC-certified paper and our Slovenian subsidiary PEFC-certified paper.  

Paper usage quantities, OTP Bank 
Total amount of paper used (t) (office, packaging, indirect) 
Per capita paper use (kg)1 
1 The projection is based on the average number of full-time employees (TMD). 

2020 
1,137 
121 

2021
978
99

Sustainable use and waste management 

We  follow  the  principle  of  using  all  our  equipment,  devices  and  machines  for  the  longest  time  reasonably 
possible. We explicitly aim to use furniture until the end of its lifecycle, reusing it multiple times and ensuring 
the compatibility of replacements. OTP Bank, DSK Bank, OTP Bank Romania and OTP Banka Srbija all follow 
the practice of making charitable donations of any furniture no longer used but in good condition, as well as 
functioning IT equipment (mostly computers and laptops), to institutions and organisations in need.  

OTP Bank was the first bank in Hungary to issue a bank card made largely (85%) of recycled plastic. The card 
was available to junior customers, and we issued 50,000 recycled cards to our customers over the year. 

In 2021, our Serbian subsidiary reduced its purchases of plastic packaging products and began using paper 
cups for water dispensers. Our Romanian, Croatian, Serbian, Montenegrin and Moldovan subsidiaries also 
use refilled toners to reduce waste from the use of toners and ink cartridges.  

All  members  of  OTP  Group  collect  and  manage  hazardous  waste  and  paper  containing  business  secrets 
selectively, in compliance with the relevant laws and regulations. The selective collection of non-confidential 
paper waste, PET bottles and glass is available in the head office buildings of OTP Bank, while the collection 
of  packaging  metal  has  also  been  available  since  2021.  During  the  year,  we  also  set  up  selective  waste 
collection in ten bank branches. Our Ukrainian subsidiary operates selective paper collection at its head office 
building. Our Serbian subsidiary collects paper waste selectively in its branches and head office buildings. Our 
Albanian subsidiary collects paper waste selectively. Our Romanian subsidiary collects all paper, metal, glass 
and  plastic  selectively.  Our  Slovenian  subsidiary  also  collects  communal  waste  selectively  (including 
biodegradable food waste). Our Croatian subsidiary has collected paper and plastic waste selectively for years, 
and from 2021, metal and glass waste will also be collected separately. DSK Bank operates selective waste 
collection at its sites in Sofia and Varna and has expanded the selective collection of paper waste during the 
year. Our Montenegrin subsidiary has introduced selective paper waste collection at its head office and its 
archives facility. 

Most members of our Banking Group have a tradition of raising awareness and taking joint action to protect 
environmental and natural resources. In 2021, we supported several environmental initiatives and encouraged 
the environmentally conscious behaviour of our employees. 

OTP Bank and OTP Bank Serbia have joined the Mastercard Priceless Planet Coalition, launched in 2020, 
and  are  participating  in  a  campaign  that  encourages  consumers  to  protect  the  environment  and  actively 
contribute to this goal themselves. The Priceless Planet Coalition aims to preserve the environment through 
the restoration of 100 million trees over five years and to help mitigate the adverse effects of climate change. 
By 2022, three afforestation sites have been selected in Kenya, Brazil and Australia, but more will be added 
later.  OTP  Bank  has  supported  the  Priceless  Planet  Coalition  with  a  donation  of  100,000  euros,  while  our 
Serbian subsidiary has committed to planting a tree for each bank account opened. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

DSK Bank was the first bank in Bulgaria to join the Mastercard Wildlife Impact Card programme. The bank and 
Mastercard support the issuance of all Mastercard Wildlife Impact cards with one dollar spent on protecting 
and restoring natural habitats. The credit card is made of environmentally friendly material. 

DSK Bank also supported the One Tree Initiative, which aims to create an interactive map of Sofia’s tree stock. 
The tree survey was conducted by volunteers, registering a total of more than 12,000 trees. The bank also 
supported  the  initiative  of  the  Hungarian  Cultural  Institute,  within  the  framework  of  which  bicycle  storage 
spaces will be installed in front of cultural institutions. The aim of the project was to ensure the environmentally 
friendly accessibility of cultural institutions. 

Our  Croatian  subsidiary  also  supported  the  “Drop  into  the  Sea”  ecological  action  of  the  Telašćica  Nature 
Reserve, which drew attention to the threat to marine ecosystems and fish stocks due to increasing amounts 
of waste. The bank also supported Ekotlon, the biggest plogging competition. In addition to collecting litter, the 
event also supported a kindergarten with eco-equipment purchased from its registration fees. 

Generator (Gamechanger), our Serbian subsidiary’s local start-up programme, launched the Generator Zero 
competition  in  2021,  specifically  seeking  and  rewarding  innovative  solutions  to  reduce  its  carbon  footprint. 
Organisations had until the end of the year to apply for the competition, and the winner will receive mentoring 
for  further  development  and  promotion  in  addition  to  the  cash  prize.  Ten  finalists  were  selected  from  the  
72 projects nominated. 

We are also extending the scope of our employee involvement programmes: 

  To promote environmental awareness, we wrote about the reduction in paper use and disposable plastics 

in the OTP Bank’s online magazine.  

  Our Croatian subsidiary has reduced its use of plastics and implemented even more responsible waste 

management in three cities under the “Green Way to Green” programme. 

 

  Our  Serbian  bank  has  launched  an  awareness-raising  initiative  among  employees  to  increase 
environmentally and business-friendly behaviour and reduce CO2 emissions. The bank also supported the 
Green Serbia 2021 campaign, which planted trees in ten cities. 
In order to make employees more sensitive to the environment, our Slovenian subsidiary bank organised 
a workshop and presentation for managers and e-learning for employees. In 2021, the Bank joined the 
Slovenian  Green  Network,  which  brings  together  more  than  400  companies,  educational  institutions, 
institutes  and  other  organisations  with  a  variety  of  projects  for  sustainable  development  and  social 
responsibility. 

  Our Ukrainian subsidiary has joined the “Batteries, inward” campaign, in which used batteries are collected 
and delivered to a recycling plant in Romania. The bank sent more than 200 kg of batteries to be recycled. 
  Following its energy renovations, our Montenegrin subsidiary will also train its employees in the energy-

conscious use of the systems.  

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

NON-FINANCIAL STATEMENT – OTP BANK PLC. (SEPARATE) 

The social, environmental and wider economic performance and impacts of OTP Group are also reported in 
its dedicated Sustainability Report. The Sustainability Report for 2021 is a group-level report that meets the 
GRI (Global Reporting Initiative) Standard and is certified by an independent third party. It is available as a 
digital version on OTP Bank’s website. The information in this chapter is provided in order to comply with the 
Accounting Act, while also aiming to keep the duplication of information to a minimum. Information concerning 
environmental protection and climate change is provided mainly in the chapter on environmental Policy and 
Environmental Protection Measures. 

OTP Bank is committed to ethical business conduct in all respects; our principles are set out in our Code of 
Ethics, which is binding for all our employees and agents. Our financial services and operations have significant 
social and environmental impacts; thus, our objective is to manage risks responsibly while taking advantage 
of opportunities and delivering positive outcomes. 

In 2021, OTP Bank signed the UN Environment Programme Finance Initiative (UNEP FI), a framework for the 
sustainable banking sector. The Principles are the leading framework for ensuring that banks’ strategy and 
practice align with the vision society has set out for its future in the UN Sustainable Development Goals and 
the  Paris  Climate  Agreement.  Banks  who  have  signed  the  Principles  commit  to  be  ambitious  in  their 
sustainability strategies, working to mainstream and embed sustainability into the heart of their business. 

The integration of sustainability is supported by a strong organisational background, which was completed in 
2021.  The  ESG  transformation  covers  both  OTP  Bank  and  its  subsidiaries  and  is  managed  by  an  ESG 
Committee established by the Board of Directors. The Committee is the decision-making body responsible for 
ESG strategy, plans and policies and for supporting the Bank's governing bodies in the performance of ESG 
tasks.  The  Chairman  of  the  Committee  is  appointed  by  the  Board  of  Directors.  The  ESG  Committee  has 
established an ESG Operational Subcommittee, which provides operational support to the ESG Committee 
and help in the preparation of decisions. The head of the Subcommittee - also the head of ESG Business 
Transformation - is the Director of the Green Programme Directorate. The three key areas of ESG integration 
are ESG business transformation, ESG risk management and ESG control function. 

The ESG Strategy of the OTP Group was approved by the Management Committee in 2021. The OTP Group 
wishes to play a leading role regionally in financing a fair and gradual transition to a low-carbon economy as 
well as building a sustainable future by offering balanced financing opportunities. OTP Group approaches ESG 
from  three  main  perspectives:  as  a  responsible  service  provider,  as  a  responsible  employer  and  as  a 
responsible  social  player.  In  addition  to  business  opportunities,  the  strategy  includes  the  management  of 
relevant risks as well as social and corporate governance objectives. The strategy covers the period up to 
2024, and our goal is to achieve full ESG integration at group level.  

Green Finance 

We  have  taken  significant  steps  towards  exploiting  the  potential  of  green  finance.  Green  mortgage  loans 
(distributed by OTP Bank, and held in the balance sheet of OTP Mortgage Bank) and green covered bonds 
(issued by OTP Mortgage Bank) help achieve real estate goals for sustainability. OTP Mortgage Bank has set 
the  strategic goal  of  increasing  the  proportion  of  green  loans  within  new  loan disbursements  and  has  also 
created a framework for green mortgage bonds. The bank was the first in the domestic market to issue a green 
mortgage bond, building on the Hungarian National Bank's (MNB) green mortgage purchase programme. The 
company issued securities with a total nominal value of HUF 95 billion in 2021, so in addition to the previously 
disbursed green loans, the company also provided funds to finance the green loans to be disbursed after the 
issue. 

The Mortgage Bank publishes the most important financial and environmental impact data relating to mortgage 
bonds annually. The first report presenting information for the year 2021 will be published at the same time as 
the company’s annual report.  

The  MNB  Green  Home  Programme  was  launched  in  the  second  half  of  2021  as  part  of  the  Growth  Loan 
Programme. These loans with a maximum interest rate of 2.5% help customers buy and build energy-efficient 
new  homes.  Under  the  programme,  the  Hungarian  National  Bank  provides  refinancing  sources  to  credit 
institutions at 0% interest rates, provided that the energy requirements for the financed property are met. The 
central bank provides a total of HUF 200 billion in funds for the programme. We experienced interest in this 
loan structure that exceeded expectations, and by the end of 2021, our bank group had concluded contracts 
in the amount of HUF 20.1 billion and disbursed loans in the amount of HUF 4.9 billion. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

Loan products of the Hungarian Development Bank (MFB) financed by both EU and from MFB’s own sources 
were  still  available  at  OTP  Bank  in  2021.  The  population  had  access  to  preferential  loans  through  these 
structures  in  order  to  implement  energy  improvements.  During  the  year,  we  entered  into  loan  agreements 
amounting to HUF 5 billion, accounting for 7% of all loans contracted through MFB Points. 

We  have  developed  four  new  products  for  corporate  lending  to  help  meet  renewable  energy  production, 
electro-mobility, green agricultural goals and high-energy office investments. The total amount of loans cleared 
under the green housing, corporate and municipal capital relief programme provided by the MNB in OTP Bank 
is approximately HUF 74.5 billion.  

A significant proportion of green loans comprise projects for the utilisation of renewable energy sources within 
the  framework  of  project  financing.  Renewable  energy  projects  represent  a  considerable  share  of  green 
lending in our project financing. In 2021, we signed contracts for eight new projects at OTP Group level in the 
amount of HUF 81.5 billion, a significant increase compared to previous years. 

The projects are located in Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania and Croatia, and the financing was partly implemented 
with the involvement of the subsidiaries. The projects generated 1,175 MW of renewable capacity, but funding 
is not always provided by OTP Group alone. At group level, the project financing portfolio related to renewable 
energy  projects  had  reached  HUF  84.2  billion  by  the  end  of  the  year,  of  which  OTP  Bank's  share  was  
HUF 57.8 billion. 

In 2021, loans promoting energy efficiency, the use of renewable energy and e-mobility were available from 
our subsidiaries in Croatia, Romania, Montenegro, Albania and Moldova. 

Our goal for 2025 is to have green products available in all segments for OTP Core, while the development of 
green financing plans at subsidiaries will take place in 2022. OTP Bank plans to issue green bonds in 2022 to 
finance group-level projects. 

The  purpose  of  the  OTP  Fund  Management  OTP  Climate  Change  130/30  Fund  is  to  provide  investment 
opportunities  in  the  shares  of  developed  and  emerging  market  companies  that  may  be  the  winners  of 
directives, legal regulations and economic policy changes aimed at mitigating the effects of climate change. 

The  net  asset  value  of  the  Fund  at  the  end  of  2021  was  HUF  36.3  billion.  In  2021,  together  with  the  
OTP Omega Fund, we started to amend the management regulations  of the  OTP Climate Change 130/30 
Fund in order to meet the criteria of a fund promoting environmental or social characteristics or a combination 
thereof, i.e. Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (SFDR) Article 8.  

The  table  below  shows  the  disclosures  of  the  OTP  Group  and  banks  operating  in  EU  member  states  in 
accordance with Regulation (EU) 2020/852 (Taxonomy Regulation). 

Disclosure under Article 8 Delegated art 10 

OTP Group consolidated 

Art 10 (3) a,  Eligible proportion * 

Art 10 (2) a,  Non-eligible proportion* 

Art 10 (2) b,  Proportion of derivatives * 

Art 10 (2) b,  Proportion to central gov., central bank, 

supranational issuer* 

Art 10 (2) c,  Proportion of non-NFRD undertakings* 

Art 10 (2) 

Proportion of trading portfolio* 

Art 10 (2) 

Proportion  of  on-demand 
loans* 

inter-bank 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

0.15%

67.29%

0.93%

27.14%

8.48%

1.17%

4.77

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

Disclosure under Article 8 Delegated art 10 

DSK Bank 

OTP  Bank 
Croatia 

SKB Bank 

OTP  Bank 
Romania  

0.41%  

0.21%  

0%  

0.11%  

Art 10 (3) d,  XI. Annex disclosures 

information 

towards 
Contextual 
quantitative  indivators  incl.  scope  of 
assets  and  activities  covered,  data 
sources and limitation. 

year 

from 

second 

Starting 
of 
implementationonly: Explanations of the 
nature  and  objectives  of  Taxonomy-
the 
aligned  economic  activities  and 
Taxonomy-aligned 
evouolution 
of 
economic 
time, 
distingiushing between business related 
and  methodological  and  data-related 
elements. 

activities 

over 

Description  of 
the  compliance  with 
Regulation 
(EU)  2020/852 
the 
business 
undertaking’s 
financial 
startegy,  product  design  process  and 
engagement 
and 
with 
counterparties. 

clients 

in 

exposures: 

for credit institutions that are not required 
to  dsiclose  quantitative  information  fo 
trading 
Quakitative 
information  ont  he  alignment  of  trading 
(EU) 
portfolios 
2020/852, 
overall 
composition, 
trendsm  objectives  and 
policy; 

Regulation 

includong 

with 

among 

examined 

Exposures  to  taxonomy-eligible  activities 
were 
non-financial 
corporations.  Companies  covered  by  the 
NFRD were defined as listed companies with 
more  than  500  employees  based  on  Nace 
code 

*Excluding  exposures  to  be  excluded  from 
the denominator of KPIs by the Regulation.  

Taxonomy elgible activities were examined. 
Our goals for green funding and the activities 
we  have  implemented  can  be  found  in  the 
text pf NFRD. 

Our goals for green funding and the activities 
we  have  implemented  can  be  found  in  the 
text pf NFRD. 

Taxonomy eligible activities were examined. 

the  weight  of  other  or  additional 
information  in  support  of  the  financial 
undertaking’s strategy and the financing 
of taxonomic activities in relation to their 
total activity. 

Taxonomy eligible activities were examined. 
Our goals for green funding and the activities 
we  have  implemented  can  be  found  in  the 
text pf NFRD. 

Green asset ratio in corporate lending:  

In  relation  to  the  mitigation  and  adaptation  objectives  of  the  taxonomy  regulation,  we  have  examined  the 
corporate portfolio based on the NACE codes that can be attributed to activities in the delegated act. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

OTP Bank Group's corporate lending activities are linked to environmentally sustainable economic activities in 
the EU Member States8 in the followings scope: 

Share of the taxonomy-adjusted corporate portfolio of EU core and subsidiary banks in total non-segmented 
exposures at group level: 8.3% 

Share of the taxonomy-adjusted corporate portfolio of EU core and subsidiary banks in the total EU core and 
subsidiary corporate portfolio: 42.3%. 

ESG risk management 

In order to integrate ESG aspects, comply with legal obligations and the Hungarian National Bank's Green 
Programme, we continued to develop our ESG lending policy in 2021. At group level, we have introduced a 
lending and monitoring ESG risk management framework for non-retail and non-motorised leasing assets. The 
framework  also  includes  the  ESG  Exclusion  List,  which  comprises  activities  excluded  from  financing  by  
OTP Group, as well as the industry ESG risk heat map. In 2021, ESG credit risk exposure became part of 
internal reporting. In accordance with the Hungarian National Bank’s Green Programme, we will continue to 
include ESG factors in the rest of the portfolio and in respect of collateral. 

The purpose of ESG risk management in lending is to identify ESG risks and reduce transaction risks arising 
from the environmental and social risk factors associated with financing. By integrating these issues into our 
lending process, we are also emphasising the importance of our clients adopting excellent environmental and 
social practices. 

We invest and lend the money deposited with us in a way ensuring that it will not serve illegal purposes, or 
those contrary to the values of society.  

OTP Bank will not finance: 
 
 
 

customers whose financing is forbidden in international agreements, EU acts or national laws; 
those whose activity is likely to violate public morals or social value systems, or is connected to crime; 
those who are connected, directly or indirectly, to criminal activities or to the deliberate violation or evasion 
of legal; 
regulations; 
transactions classified as prohibited business sectors (e.g. the illegal arms trade, prohibited gambling, 
drug trade, or any other illegal activity); and 
transactions that fail to meet environmental standards. 

 
 

 

The  OTP  Bank  Group  does  not  finance  transactions  that  violate  the  laws  of  the  country  concerned  or 
international law.  

In  accordance  with  our  regulations,  our  banking  group  always  expects  and  examines  compliance  with 
environmental  regulations  during  lending.  Violation  of  commitments  and  expectations  is  sanctioned  in  the 
framework credit agreements. 

In accordance with the SFDR's expectations, we have developed an investment risk management policy for 
all relevant group members, so that investment risk management has been integrated into decision-making 
processes during investment advisory and portfolio management activities, and information on this has been 
provided  to  clients.  Our  statements  on  the  integration  of  sustainability  risks  and  the  adverse  effects  of 
investment  decisions  on sustainability  factors  (PAIs)  are  available  on  our  websites.  In  addition  to  the  legal 
requirements, the prospectuses containing the product characteristics of the investment funds also include the 
ESG score calculated by the bank, helping customers make decisions and orient themselves. 

We have strengthened the assessment of ESG risks in our operational risk management scenario analyses 
by analysing a separate scenario related to climate change, and we have also indicated the risks affected by 
ESG in both the risk self-assessment and the loss database.  

Responsible customer service 

In carrying out our financial intermediary duties we ensure that the savings of our customers remain safe at all 
times. Our rules guarantee that the standards of responsible lending are observed regarding the avoidance of 
over-indebtedness, fair, understandable, complete and attentive information provision and adequate product 
offers. 

8 EU core and subsidiary banks means: OTP Nyrt, DSK Banka EAD, OTP Bank Romania S.A., OTP banka Hrvatska d.d., SKB banka d.d. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
                                           
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

Our principles and guidelines on the fair treatment of customers and the compliance of consumer protection 
are set out in our Compliance Policy. In designing our products, we follow the principles of ethical product 
development. Our New Product Policy prescribes the assessment of potential risks to consumers. 

We offer personalised administrative options to our customers with the highest level of service quality and 
continuous innovations. The coronavirus pandemic increased the use of online channels, and our Banking 
Group also encouraged this trend. 

We use TRI*M methodology to measure the satisfaction of our retail customers. OTP Bank’s client retention 
power  increased  by  three  points  to  69  points  in  2021,  while  the  average  satisfaction  score  among 
competitors also increased slightly. The average TRI*M of banks in Central Europe was 77 points. 

OTP Bank’s stated objective is to serve its customers without fault. In order to improve customer satisfaction, 
we  are  also  continuously  improving  our  complaint  management  practices.  Our  Complaint  Management 
Policy, Complaint Management Regulation and a Glossary are available to view in our branches as well as 
on our website. 

In 2021, the most typical complaints at OTP Bank were related to the payment moratorium and unapproved 
payment transactions. 

The number of both complaints and legitimate complaints decreased significantly in 2021 compared to the 
outstanding values of 2020, which could be attributed to the significant changes made during the year. The 
declining trend also prevailed at group level. In 2021, we continued to improve our complaint management 
practices,  including  expanding  our  complaint  analysis  process  and  the  range  of  complaints  that  can  be 
resolved immediately. 

Customer complaint data, OTP Bank1 
Number of warranted complaints 
Ratio of warranted complaints 
Compensation paid (HUF million) 
1 Includes data from OTP Housing Savings and OTP Mortgage Bank. 
2 Corrected data. 

2020 
202,040 
67% 
842 

2021
155,298
62%
36

Our objective is to provide equal access for persons living with disability, through services adapted to their 
special needs, in line with the Accessibility Strategy of OTP Bank. Accessibility is integrated into our website, 
which supports one-handed use and provides accessibility options including text-to-speech software and video 
content transcripts. Physical accessibility was also provided in every branch but one in 2021. Tactile guide 
strips are available in 38% of our branches. Our customers can request special-needs services at the queue 
management machine, with physical push buttons and tactile strips also assisting them in using the device. 
Interpreter Services are available at 167 branches; this is a service allowing a sign language interpreter to 
assist with administration tasks through a live video chat. Induction loop amplifier systems are also available 
in 38% of branches. Moreover, we have made text-to-speech software available on 910 of our ATMs. 

Security and data protection 

Security is a top concern for us. The principles and main guidelines concerning security at the bank are set 
forth  in  the  Security  Policy,  which  is  approved  by  the  Board  of  Directors.  The  policy  covers  all  aspects  of 
security, including IT and cyber security, which have become increasingly important. OTP Bank's Group-level 
Information  Security  Policy  and  Cyber  Security  Strategy  of  OTP  Bank  were  completed  in  2021,  and  the 
development of a Group-level cyber security strategy was launched. The processing and protection of personal 
data is covered by the Compliance Policy, which is also approved by the Board of Directors. Both policies 
prescribe the regular evaluation of risks and the need to maintain and enhance awareness. 

The handling and protection of personal data is covered by the Compliance Policy also approved by the Board 
of  Directors.  We  also  developed  security  processes  and  applied  solutions  in  2021,  with  our  innovations 
focusing on the cyber security centre, the central log analysis system, authorisation management and virus 
protection. In addition we made customer communication more effective in detecting suspicious transactions. 

The number of distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) and phishing attacks increased significantly at group level 
compared  to  previous  years.  We  published  several  awareness  campaigns  for  our  customers,  providing 
information  on  our  intranet  and  through  security  awareness  training,  which  was  also  focused  on  phishing. 
Besides protecting against phishing activities, the European Cyber Security Month programmes focused on 
presenting the security challenges of modern application development and operations.  

White-collar crime, which causes significant losses to customers and the banking group, decreased at most 
subsidiaries due to our continuous development, more efficient employee action and stricter controls. We have 
reviewed our anti-money laundering training material to ensure our employees gain greater knowledge of this 
and have started to develop harmonised training at group level. The number of suspected money laundering 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

reports  by  bank  employees  increased  by  eight  percent.  During  the  year,  OTP  Bank  reported  68  cases  of 
suspected money laundering. 

Our Banking Group has experienced numerous card-related attacks; in these cases the sharing of important 
information was extremely helpful in the prevention of fraudulent transactions. The number of successful card 
fraud  cases  has  been  kept  low  continuously,  which  demonstrates  that  our  systems  operate  effectively.  
The  ratio  of  bank  card  fraud  to  turnover  is  significantly  lower  than  the  European  average  published  by 
MasterCard (for OTP Bank it is 0.0071% and the consolidated ratio of subsidiaries is 0.00986%, while the 
European average stands at 0.0414%). In the case of OTP Bank we were able to prevent bank card fraud of 
HUF 5.5 billion. 

Losses expected from the detected criminal activities amounted to HUF 447 million in the case of OTP Bank 
and HUF  2.2  billion  at Group  level.  The  amount  of  loss  prevented  was HUF  457  million  at OTP  Bank  and  
HUF 2.0 billion at OTP Group. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

Fight against corruption and against the practice of bribery 

discrimination 

The  Code  of  Ethics  and  the  Anti-Corruption  Policy  of  OTP  Bank  contains  provisions  on  the  fight  against 
corruption and against the practice of bribery, also on the acceptance of individual differences and the denial 
of 
(https://www.otpbank.hu/portal/en/EthicalDeclaration 
 https://www.otpbank.hu/static/portal/sw/file/OTP_EtikaiKodex_EN.pdf, 
https://www.otpbank.hu/static/portal/sw/file/OTP_Anti_Corruption_Policy_202102.pdf). As it can be read in 
the foreword of the Code and the Anti-Corruption Policy as well, the Bank and its management have adopted 
the  principle  of  zero  tolerance  towards  corruption  and  bribery,  taking  a  definite  stance  against  all  forms  of 
corruption and giving full support to the fight against corruption. In addition, the Code states that "As an ethical 
and  compliant  institution,  the  Bank  and  its  management  are  fully  committed  to  ensuring  observance  of  all 
relevant legislation, including anti-corruption statutes." 

The Bank has set up an ethics reporting system (whistleblowing), which is for the reporting and the handling 
of the reports on suspected or actual violation of the values set forth in the Code of Ethics, where anonymous 
reporting of ethics issues is also possible. The Bank conducts inquiries for the purpose of detecting, preventing 
anomalies in connection with reports made or anomalies it became aware of otherwise. 

Through  the  Bank's  ethics  reporting  system  a  total  of  26  reports  were  received  in  2021,  8  of  them  was 
reclassified as complaints and 2 case’s investigation resulted in declaring ethics offense – though not due to 
corruption, bribery or discrimination. 

The Bank has created and maintains its Code of Ethics to keep reputational risk and financial losses, which 
may  incur  in  relation  to  corruption,  bribery  and  discrimination,  on  a  minimum  level.  Both  employees  and 
newcomers receive education on the Code of Ethics, and in addition, the acceptance to be bound by it is a 
prerequisite for their employment. 

Any requests from third parties affecting human rights are treated by the Bank as a priority. 

We manage the risks regarding the fight against corruption and bribery within the framework of our operational 
risk management process. Our quarterly compliance reports cover the changes in risks as well as the steps 
necessary steps to manage them. The reports are presented to the Management Committee and the Board of 
Directors; the annual report is also submitted to the Supervisory Board. 

Citizenship 

OTP is one of the most generous charitable donors in Hungary, giving a total of HUF 2.3 billion in charitable 
donations, almost half of which was for educational purposes, primarily the development of financial culture. 

We aim to provide genuine and effective help by supporting programmes and causes that serve the interests 
of society. We cooperate with a number of local non-governmental organisations, concentrating our donated 
funds and monitoring their usage and the results achieved.  

Our efforts were focused on the following areas: 

 
 
 
 

developing financial literacy: attitude shaping; 
sponsoring culture and the arts: creating and preserving values; 
equal opportunities: helping the disadvantaged and those in need; and 
sport. 

We consider donation habits a part of financial literacy; therefore, in 2021 we took a significant step forward in 
encouraging our customers to support the social initiatives that they consider important financially. Under the 
digital donation programme we enabled them to make donations simply and easily while taking care of their 
day-to-day  finances.  Donation  has  become  possible  on  our  digital  platforms,  including  our  website,  the 
internetbank, the mobile application, the Simple application, as well as through 750 ATMs and the digital points 
of  80  branches.  Our  Bank  assumes  all  extra  costs  of  the  donation,  including  both  the  transaction  tax  of 
customers  and  the  costs  of  NGOs.  Our  Bank  also  cooperates  with  the  supported  organisations  and  we 
supplement the donations of our customers. In addition, in our experience, our customers view the Bank’s 
participation as a guarantee that their donations will truly go to the right beneficiary. In 2021 we supported the 
initiatives of 6 foundations through customer donations in the amount of HUF 250 million. 

The Humanitas Social Foundation supports vulnerable communities and individuals with a focus on healthcare 
and education; donation recipients are selected through an application process. Its most important activity in 
2020 involved priority support to hospitals. We supported 30 hospitals, 18 educational institutions and one 
foundation  through  the  Foundation  in  2021.  In  order  to  provide  more  effective  assistance,  we  provided 
targeted, tailored asset support to institutions. 

The OTP Fáy András Foundation provides financial and economic education services, a key element of which 
is operating the OK Educational and Innovation Centre. The Foundation provides youth, adult and vocational 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

training. The activities of the Foundation in 2021 were determined mostly by the coronavirus pandemic and 
several planned activities could not be organised as a result. However, the Foundation developed 30 curricula 
in 2021. 

Digital education continued to be the focus of the year, with more than 17,000 students attending online and 
nearly 2,500 classroom training. Roma youth also participated in financial and economic training through the 
Roma Education Fund. Significant progress has been made in the development and testing of the Financial 
Basic Education Programme in adult education. During the training, in which participation is free of charge and 
without  prior  knowledge,  users  acquire  essential  personal  money  management  and  general  economic 
knowledge and improve their financial literacy. The Foundation also continued its previous programmes, so 
the  teacher  training  programme  of  Eötvös  Loránd  University  (ELTE),  the  regular  Teachers'  Club  and  the 
summer  camps  took  place.  The  Foundation's  national  awareness-raising  programme  also  continued,  with 
screenings of short films on national commercial television channels around 400 times, covering topics such 
as housing renovation, business start-ups and data security. 

Responsible employment 

Our goal is to create value for our employees by focusing on them in a constantly changing environment. The 
central objective of our human resource strategy is to intensify employee experience and commitment. 

In 2021 we conducted an employee satisfaction survey at Group level with a high response ratio of 92%. Based 
on the results, the rate of employee satisfaction was 70%, slightly lower than the average of the international 
financial sector. The action plans prepared in response to the feedback for all areas that needed improvement 
were approved by the Management Committee. 

We  developed  our  activities  during  the year  along  the  lines  of  the  six  priorities  stated  in  our  strategy,  also 
relying on the results of the employee satisfaction survey. We launched numerous projects that will result in 
significant  changes;  for  example,  we  developed  the  framework  of  Group-level  dialogue,  and  placed 
management development on new foundations. Although the pandemic slightly delayed the implementation of 
the international talent programme, we created a uniform talent framework at Group level and operated local 
talent  programmes.  All  of  our  employees  participate  in  trainings;  in  addition  to  network  and  head  office 
management development, we rejuvenated the frameworks of our employees’ skills development. 

Due to the pandemic situation, hybrid work performance became typical in 2021. We maintained access to the 
tools  promoting  our  employees’  emotional,  mental  and  physical  health  and  their  ability  to  stand  firm  under 
harsh circumstances, and once again in 2021, numerous employees took recourse to them. 

OTP Bank’s employees (31 December) 

       2020 

        2021 

9,826
Employees, total (individuals) 
100%
Distribution by gender 
Turnover rate1 
10.5%
1 Compared to the end-of-year headcount; includes termination of employment both by employee and by employer, as well as 
retirement. 

10,078 
100% 
14.3% 

Total Men Women
6,424
65.4%
11.2%

3,402
34.6%
9.3%

Total  Men Women
6,531
64,8%
14.1%

3,547 
35.2% 
14.5% 

Ethical  conduct  and  legal  compliance  also  remain  core  principles  in  our  human  resource  management.  
OTP Bank analyses and manages the risks relating to employment within its operational risk management 
process. Our employees’ interests are represented by their trade union, with a Collective Agreement setting 
out the rights and obligations of every employee. 

The Bank’s Code of Ethics declares its commitment to providing a safe and healthy working environment and 
states its expectation of mutual respect between executive officers and employees, including the prohibition of 
discrimination and harassment. We consistently apply the principle of “equal pay for equal work”, including 
providing equal pay to men and women for the same position and performance. Within the objective limitations 
of  specific  job  descriptions,  we  allow  for  flexible  working  hours  and  part-time  employment  options.  We 
encourage healthy lifestyle choices, offering a complex health insurance package, and subsidising recreation 
and sporting activities. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

Short description of the business model of the company 

OTP Bank is the market-leading credit institution in Hungary. As for its business model, the Bank offers high-
quality financial services to retail, private banking, micro and small business, medium and large corporate, as 
well as municipality clients through both its branch network and its steadily developing digital channels. The 
Bank provides comprehensive retail and corporate banking services: its activities include deposit collection 
from customers and raising money from the money and capital markets. On the asset side, OTP Bank offers 
mortgage loans, consumer credits, working capital and investment loans to companies, as well as loans to 
municipalities, whereas its liquidity reserves are invested in money and capital market instruments. Moreover, 
the  Bank  provides  a  wide  range  of  state-of-the-art  services,  including  the  areas  of  wealth  management, 
investment services, payment services, treasury and other services.  

In addition, OTP Bank's Hungarian subsidiaries deliver a wide range of further financial services. The Bank 
owns foreign subsidiaries in many countries of Central and Eastern Europe through capital investments. 

Non-financial performance indicators 

Internal audit: 203 closed audits, 1,478 recommendations, 1,478 accepted recommendations 

 
  Compliance with Budapest Stock Exchange (BSE) Recommendations (yes/no ratio): 72 yes, 0 no; 
  Compliance: 18 closed consumer protection related investigations 
  Bank  security:  the  expected  value  of  damages  resulting  from  detected  criminal  offenses  is  
HUF 447,124,093, HUF 460,655,117. In 2021, we filed an official complaint in 620 cases on suspicion of 
money  laundering.  There  is  a  slight  decrease  in  2021,  when  this  number  changed  from  4438  in  the 
previous year to 4,432, a decrease of 8.4%. In the case of OTP, the ratio of bank card misuse to turnover 
is still lower than the European average published by MasterCard (last year's figures: OTP Bank 0.0071%, 
European average 0.0414%). 
Ethics issues: 26 ethics reports, establishing ethics offense in 2 cases. 

 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (SEPARATE) 

LIST OF NON-AUDIT SERVICES BY SERVICE CATEGORIES USED BY THE BANK  

The statutory audit of OTP Bank is carried out by Ernst and Young Ltd., in addition to which the following 
services were contracted: 

Issue of Comfort letters 

 
  Engagements to review historical financial statements and interim financial statements (ISRE 2400, 

2410) 

  Consultation relating to interpretation and implementation of accounting standards and relating to 

accounting of potential future transaction 

  Pre- or post-transaction due diligence services relating to acquisition of assets or entites or sales 
transactions  or  other  transactions:  financial,  accounting,  taxation,  legal  and  IT  specific  services  - 
except for buy-side lead advisory, transactional and negotiation support 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS9 AND SHARE DATA 
2020 
HUF million
259,636 
(50,631) 

Main components of the adjusted Statement of recognised income  

Consolidated after tax profit  

2021 
HUF million 
456,428 
(40,474) 

Change 
%
76 
(20) 

Adjustments (total) 
Consolidated adjusted after tax profit  
without the effect of adjustments  

Pre-tax profit 

Operating profit 
Total income 

Net interest income 
Net fees and commissions 
Other net non-interest income 

Operating expenses 

Total risk costs 
One off items 
Corporate taxes 

Main components of the adjusted balance sheet 
closing balances 

Total assets 
Total customer loans (net, FX adjusted) 

Total customer loans (gross, FX  
adjusted) 

Performing (Stage 1+2) customer loans  
(gross, FX-adjusted) 

Allowances for possible loan losses (FX  
adjusted) 

Total customer deposits (FX adjusted) 
Issued securities 
Subordinated loans 
Total shareholders' equity 

Indicators based on adjusted earnings

ROE (from accounting net earnings) 
ROE (from adjusted net earnings) 
ROA (from adjusted net earnings) 

Operating profit margin 
Total income margin 

Net interest margin  

Cost-to-asset ratio 
Cost/income ratio 

Provision for impairment on loan and  
placement losses-to-average gross loans  
ratio 
Total risk cost-to-asset ratio 
Effective tax rate 

Net loan/(deposit+retail bond) ratio (FX adjusted) 
Capital adequacy ratio (consolidated,  
IFRS) - Basel3 
Tier1 ratio - Basel3 
Common Equity Tier 1 ('CET1') ratio - Basel3 

Share Data 

EPS base (HUF) (from unadjusted net earnings) 
EPS diluted (HUF) (from unadjusted net earnings) 
EPS diluted (HUF) (from adjusted net earnings) 
Closing price (HUF) 
Highest closing price (HUF) 
Lowest closing price (HUF) 
Market Capitalization (EUR billion) 
Book Value Per Share (HUF) 
Tangible Book Value Per Share (HUF) 
Price/Book Value 
Price/Tangible Book Value 
P/E (trailing, from accounting net earnings) 
P/E (trailing, from adjusted net earnings) 
Average daily turnover (EUR million) 
Average daily turnover (million share) 

310,268 

496,902 

351,802 
537,437 
1,169,920 
788,079 
293,112 
88,729 
(632,483) 
(187,995) 
2,360 
(41,534) 

587,853 
660,391 
1,313,124 
884,012 
325,548 
103,563 
(652,733) 
(72,538) 
- 
(90,951) 

2020 

2021 

23,335,841 
13,715,487 

27,553,384 
15,743,922 

14,575,916 

16,634,454 

13,736,409 

15,756,503 

(860,429) 

(890,532) 

18,152,563 
464,214 
274,704 
2,537,112 
2020
10.9% 
13.0% 
1.4% 
2.47% 
5.37% 
3.61% 
2.90% 
54.1% 

21,068,644 
436,325 
278,334 
3,036,766 
2021 
17.0% 
18.5% 
2.0% 
2.62% 
5.21% 
3.51% 
2.59% 
49.7% 

1.15% 

0.30% 

0.86% 
11.8% 
76% 

17.7% 

15.4% 
15.4% 
2020
1,004 
1,003 
1,200 
13,360 
15,630 
8,010 
10.2 
9,061 
8,436 
1.5 
1.6 
14.4 
12.1 
22 
0.7 

0.29% 
15.5% 
75% 

19.1% 

17.5% 
17.5% 
2021 
1,739 
1,738 
1,896 
16,600 
19,400 
12,920 
12.6 
10,846 
10,190 
1.5 
1.6 
10.2 
9.4 
19 
0.4 

60 

67 
23 
12 
12 
11 
17 
3 
(61) 

119 

% 

18 
15 

14 

15 

3 

16 
(6) 
1 
20 
pps
6.1 
5.5 
0.5 
0.16 
(0.15) 
(0.11) 
(0.31) 
(4.4) 

(0.84) 

(0.57) 
3.7 
(1) 

1.4 

2.1 
2.1 
%
73 
73 
58 
24 
24 
61 
23 
20 
21 
4 
3 
(29) 
(22) 
(12) 
(38) 

9 Structural adjustments made on consolidated IFRS profit and loss statement as  well as balance sheet, together with  the calculation 
methodology of adjusted indicators are detailed in the Supplementary data section of this Report. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
  
 
                                           
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

ACTUAL CREDIT RATINGS 

S&P GLOBAL 
OTP Bank and OTP Mortgage Bank – FX long-term issuer credit rating 
MOODY'S 
OTP Bank – FX long term deposits 
OTP Bank – Dated subordinated FX debt 
OTP Mortgage Bank – Covered bonds 
SCOPE 
OTP Bank – Issuer rating 
OTP Bank – Covered bonds 
FITCH 
OTP Bank Russia – Long term credit rating 

BBB 

Baa1 
Ba1 
A1 

BBB+ 
BB+ 

B 

ACTUAL ESG RATINGS 

AWARDS 

In the Euromoney Awards for Excellence 2021 OTP Bank received the “Best Bank in Central and Eastern 
Europe” award. In addition, the Bank won the title of “Best Bank in Hungary” and its subsidiaries also proved to 
be the best in Bulgaria, Montenegro and Albania. Global Finance named again in 2021 OTP Bank the safest 
bank in Hungary, thus it joined the group the World’s Safest Banks, furthermore OTP Bank received the “Best 
Bank Award” again in Hungary in 2021. In the annual ranking of The Banker magazine, member of Financial 
Times Group, the OTP Group has become the “Best Bank in Central and Eastern Europe”. In addition, the 
Hungarian, Montenegrin, Croatian and Slovenian subsidiaries of the OTP Group received the “Bank of the 
Year” award. 

SHARE PRICE PERFORMANCE 

OTP

Bloomberg EMEA Banks Index (relative to OTP)

CECE Banking Sector Index (relative to OTP)

HUF
21,000

19,000

17,000

15,000

13,000

11,000

9,000

7,000

31/12/2019

30/06/2020

31/12/2020

30/06/2021

31/12/2021

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

MANAGEMENT’S ANALYSIS OF THE FULL-YEAR 2021 RESULTS OF OTP GROUP 

According to the preliminary Hungarian GDP data published on 15 February 2022, the annual growth rate 
was 7.1% y-o-y. 

The faster than originally expected GDP-growth was mainly due to the targeted and successful measures 
initiated by the Government and the Hungarian Central Bank aimed at safeguarding the economy. These 
steps  to  a  large  extent  helped  the  economy  to  reach  its  pre-Covid  performance  by  3Q  2021  with  the 
employment level reaching new heights. Acknowledging the results in restoring the economy, in January 
2022 Fitch affirmed the sovereign rating (‘BBB’) and its stable outlook. 

As for 2022, the Government expects 5.9% annual GDP growth, 4.9% budget deficit with the public debt to 
GDP  ratio  declining  further;  the  average  inflation  may  be  4.8%.  The  recent  inflation  figures,  however 
manifest upward risk. 

During the course of the year there have been significant changes in the monetary policy: as a respond to 
elevating  inflation  NBH  started  a  tightening  trend  and  the  base  rate  was  increased  from  0.6%  to  2.4%, 
whereas  the  1-week  deposit  rate  reached  4%  by  the  end  of  2021.  Following  a  50  bps  rate  hike  on  
22 February, the base rate stood at 3.4%, whereas on 24 February the 1-week deposit rate was hiked to 
4.6%.  The  3M  Bubor,  i.e.  the  reference  rate  for  floating  rate  loans  started  2021  at  0.75%  and  closed  at 
4.21% (+346 bps y-o-y) and by mid-February stood at 4.58%.  

The 10-year Government bond yielded 4.51% at the end of 2021, since then it increased further. The local 
currency was volatile during 2021 and finally closed at 369.0 against the EUR. As a meaningful change, two 
essential  tools  playing  important  role  during  the  last  couple  of  years  in  boosting  economic  performance 
through supporting the local corporate sector, namely the Funding for Growth Go! Scheme and the Bond 
Funding for Growth Scheme, have been gradually phased out in the second half of 2021. At the same time 
NBH launched its FGS Green Home programme focused on sustainable household funding. 

According to the report published by the NBH on 2 February 2022, in 2021 both the household loan volumes 
and corporate exposures expanded steadily: the former grew by 11% y-o-y, and the corporate portfolio by 
15%, respectively, supported also by the payment moratorium putting on hold principal amortization. Within 
the  retail  segment  the  main  engine  was  the  subsidized  baby  loans;  total  sector  level  volumes  reached  
HUF 1,569 billion by the end of December underpinning an almost 50% y-o-y growth. Cash loan volumes 
leaped by 17.0% y-o-y, whereas housing loan volumes grew by 15% y-o-y; home equity exposures kept 
eroding by 4% y-o-y following the trend of recent years. 

On a Group level all economies enjoyed favourable trends in 2021 coupled with numerous rating upgrades 
or  improving  outlooks.  Alongside  the  improving  GDP  and  employment  statistics,  in  a  few  countries  local 
central banks had to react to surging inflation with definite monetary tightening: the Ukrainian and Russian 
base rate was increased by 300 bps and 425 bps y-o-y, and in Romania by 50 bps, respectively. 

With regard to the recent pandemic developments, despite the significant differences in vaccination levels 
across the Group, the general trend is rather the gradual easing/relaxing of restriction measures. 

Consolidated earnings: HUF 497 billion adjusted profit after tax, stabilizing NIM, stable credit quality, 
improving  efficiency,  with  performing 
increasing  by  15%  y-o-y  
(FX-adjusted) 

loan  volumes  organically 

The annual performance was clean of new acquisitions, however the y-o-y dynamics were affected by the 
sale  of  the  Slovakian  subsidiary  at  the  end  of  2020.  The  integration  process  of  the  second  Serbian 
acquisition was completed in 2Q 2021, the anticipated cost synergies have been utilized.  

In  2021  the  total  amount  of  adjustments  comprised  -HUF  40.5  billion  within  the  accounting  earnings  of  
HUF 456.4 billion (after tax), by HUF 10 billion less than in 2020. The major items were as follows: 

  -HUF 18.9 billion special banking tax on financial institutions (after tax) paid by the Hungarian operation; 

  -HUF 15.5 billion effect of acquisitions (after tax) related mainly to the Bulgarian, Serbian and Slovenian 

integration expenses;  

  -HUF 15  billion related  to  the expected  negative one-off effect of  the debt repayment  moratorium  in 

Hungary and Serbia (after tax); 

  +HUF 6 billion related to the treasury share swap agreement between MOL and OTP, reflecting the 

share price changes and the updated model calculation for dividend pay-outs. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

  +HUF  1.9  billion  tax  shield  related  to  the  recognition  or  reversal  of  impairment  charges  booked  in 

relation to the revaluation of investments in certain subsidiaries (after tax); 

In 2021 OTP Group posted HUF 588 billion the pre-tax profit (+67% y-o-y). The corporate tax burden was 
more than twice as big as in the base period mainly due to the higher pre-tax earnings. Besides, starting 
from 2021, in the adjusted P&L structure the Hungarian local business tax and innovation contribution (IPA) 
payable  by  Hungarian  Group  members  was  presented  on  the  corporate  taxes  line  against  the  previous 
practice of showing it as part of operational expenses10. That particular amount in 2020 comprised HUF16.5 
billion (in the stock exchange report it was presented amongst operational expenses), while in 2021 it was  
HUF 19.2 billion (shown on the corporate tax line).  

The Group posted HUF 496.9 billion consolidated adjusted profit in 2021 (+60% y-o-y), the adjusted ROE 
for the period reached 18.5% (+5.5 pps y-o-y).  

The  size  of  the  bottom-line  profit  to  a  large  extent  was  shaped  by  total  risk  costs,  their  volume  of  
HUF 72.5 billion was around a third of that in the base period. The operating profit showed a decent picture: 
in 2021 the Group posted HUF 660.4 billion, 23% more than in 2020. Adjusted for FX, the sale of OBS and 
IPA reclassification the increase would be 19.5% y-o-y. 

Total  income  advanced  dynamically,  by  13%  y-o-y  (without  the  effect  of  the  sale  of  the  Slovakian  unit,  
FX-adjusted) with net interest income growing by the same magnitude, whereas the net fee & commission 
income grew somewhat slower (+12% y-o-y). Other net non-interest income surged by 17% y-o-y. 

Despite the annual net interest margin eroded further (2021: 3.51%, y-o-y -11 bps). The declining interest 
rate environment prevailing for years turned around in several markets, and in 2021 first the Ukrainian and 
Russian  central  banks,  later  the  Hungarian,  and  most  recently  the  Romanian  hiked  rates.  However,  the 
favourable impact of the higher interest rates for the interest income will be gradual and stretched out for 
several quarters given the time lag in repricing of variable rate assets. At the same time, there were several 
developments affecting the net interest margin negatively. On one hand FX changes had negative impact 
on annual NIM: during 2021 the HUF was 2.7% stronger y-o-y against the Ukrainian hryvna and by 3.8% 
against RUB, respectively. Also, NIM was negatively affected by the steady increase of deposit volumes 
through the dilution impact of higher total assets and the higher weight of low margin liquid assets. As for 
the whole Group, the annual NIM improved y-o-y at OTP Core, Ukraine and Russia, whereas other Group 
members suffered margin erosion at different scale. 

In  2021  operating expenses  nominally  grew  by  3%  y-o-y. However,  adjusted  for  IPA and the sale  of  the 
Slovakian subsidiary the FX-adjusted y-o-y increase would be 7.7%. The annual cost-to-income ratio was 
49.7% (-4.4 pps), whereas the cost to total assets ratio stood at 2.59% (-31 bps y-o-y). 

As for the overall performance of the Group, all operations but the Hungarian Fund Management and CKB 
(Montenegro)  posted  y-o-y  improving  adjusted  profit  after-tax.  The  profit  contribution  of  non-Hungarian 
Group members leaped from 41% to 51% y-o-y. 

2021 performing loan volumes grew 15% y-o-y (FX-adjusted). The Hungarian payment moratorium had a  
1 pp positive impact on the consolidated portfolio growth (the principal is not amortizing, and the accrued 
interest  adds  to  the  outstanding  principal).  As  a  result,  in  2021  the  performing  loan  portfolio  expansion 
exceeded HUF 2,000 billion. Last year all Group members posted y-o-y volume increase. Out of the major 
Group  members  the  fastest  loan  growth  was  posted  at  the  Ukrainian  (+41%),  Hungarian  (+19%),  the 
Russian  (+18%)  and  Bulgarian  (+11%)  operations,  but  the  Romanian,  Serbian,  Croatian  and  Slovenian 
dynamics were also outstanding. It was positive that strong volumes were coupled with improving market 
shares in several countries and segments.  

As  for  the  major  loan  segments,  during  the  last  twelve  months  the  consolidated  FX-adjusted  performing 
corporate  exposures  increased  the  fastest  (+19%),  followed  by  the  expansion  of  the  mortgage  portfolio 
(+15%) and the consumer book (+14%) and leasing exposures (+11%). The MSE portfolio, however, shrank 
by 6% partly as a result of the phase-out of the Hungarian subsidized structures and also the reclassification 
between MLE and MSE segments during the course of the year. 

One  of  the  side-effects  of  pandemic  is  the  more  cautious  attitude  in  household  spending  and  corporate 
investment  activity,  as  a  result  the  volume  of  overall  savings  increased.  The  FX-adjusted  consolidated 
deposits grew by 16% y-o-y or HUF 2,916 billion, i.e. increased faster than loan volumes. The Hungarian, 
Ukrainian,  Romanian  and  Croatian  operations  demonstrated  double-digit  deposit  expansion.  The 
consolidated net loan-to-deposit ratio decreased to 75% (-1 pp y-o-y). 

10  The  Hungarian  local  tax  and  innovation  contribution  was  uniformly  booked  within  the Corporate tax line  in  the  accounting  income 
statement and the consolidated IFRS report for 2020 and 2021, as well.  

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
                                           
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

At the end of December 2021, the gross operative liquidity reserves of the Group comprised EUR 9.1 billion 
equivalent (+EUR 0.2 billion y-o-y). 

The quality of the consolidated loan book remained stable in 2021, the major trends shaping the risk profile 
were overall favourable. 

By the end of 2021 the Stage 3 ratio under IFRS 9 was 5.3% underpinning a 0.4 pp y-o-y improvement. The 
own coverage of Stage 1, 2 and 3 exposures were 1.0%, 10.1% and 60.5%, respectively. 

In Hungary the payment moratorium was extended again until 30 June 2022, true, the scope of available 
clients was narrowed and clients had to opt-in until 31 October 2021. By the end of 2021 the total household 
and  corporate  exposure  remaining  under  the  moratorium  comprised  HUF  245  billion  at  OTP  Core  and 
Merkantil  Group,  which  was  4.1%  of  total  gross  loan  portfolio  of  those  two  entities.  As  a  result  of  the 
moratorium extension retail and corporate exposures were shifted into Stage 3, elevating the Stage 3 ratio 
at OTP Core.  

The volume of credit risk costs for the whole year comprised -HUF 46 billion versus -HUF 158.4 billion in 
the base period. The annual credit cost ratio was 0.30%. 

Russian-Ukrainian situation 

In the second half of February 2022 the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine escalated. 

It is difficult to quantify the effect of the Ukrainian-Russian conflict regarding the Ukrainian and the Russian 
operations, the possible scenarios are covering a wide range of spectrum. According to the worst possible 
scenario, the Bank may lose its control over its investments, which under extreme conditions could result in 
the full write-off of the invested amount.  

The  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  do  not  contain  any  write-offs  as  possible  consequences  of  the 
Ukrainian-Russian conflict, the Group recognizes it as not adjusting, post balance sheet event. 

OTP  Group’s  Ukrainian  operation  incorporates  the  Ukrainian  bank,  as  well  as  the  leasing  and  factoring 
companies. The country-consolidated Ukrainian total assets represented HUF 984 billion at the end of 2021 
(3.6% of total consolidated assets), while net loans comprised HUF 614 billion (3.9% of consolidated net 
loans) and shareholders’ equity HUF 160 billion (5.3% of the consolidated total equity). At the end of 2021 
the book value of the capital investment in the Ukrainian subsidiaries comprised HUF 105 billion; there was 
no goodwill at all, it was already written down entirely in 2014. 

The gross intragroup funding towards the Ukrainian operation represented HUF 72 billion, and taking into 
account the Ukrainian deposits placed with the HQ, i.e. the net group funding represented HUF 29 billion 
equivalent.  According  to  the  28  February  2022  figures,  the  gross  funding  amounted  to  HUF  75  billion 
equivalent and the net intragroup funding stood at HUF 9 billion equivalent. 

The  Ukrainian  sub-consolidated  RWA  (“risk-weighted  asset”)  was  HUF  1,115  billion  by  the  end  of  2021 
(6.7% of the total consolidated RWA). 

The consolidated maximum capital effect on the potential write-off of the Ukrainian operation, taking into 
account the equity, the intragroup funding and the Ukrainian risk weighted assets, is estimated at 27 bps on 
the consolidated CET1 ratio, according to year-end figures. 

The  Ukrainian  operation  posted  HUF  39.0  billion  adjusted  profit  in  2021  which  represented  7.9%  of  
OTP Group’s adjusted annual profit. 

The total assets of the Group’s Russian operation represented HUF 800 billion at the end of 2021 (2.9% of 
consolidated total assets), while net loans comprised HUF 621 billion (3.9% of consolidated net loans) and 
shareholders’ equity HUF 241 billion (7.9% of consolidated total equity). At the end of 2021 the book value 
of  the  capital  investment  in  the  Russian  subsidiaries  comprised  directly  HUF  74  billion  and  indirectly  
HUF 50 billion.  

The  gross  intragroup  funding  towards  the Russian operation represented HUF  73  billion, and  taking  into 
account  the  Russian  deposits  placed  with  the  Headquarter,  i.e.  the  net  group  funding  represented  
HUF  14  billion  equivalent.  On  28  February  2022  the  gross  intragroup  funding  reached  HUF  52  billion 
equivalent, which equalled the net figure because there was no deposit placement by the Russian operation 
at other Group members. 

The Russian sub-consolidated RWA was HUF 822 billion by the end of 2021 (4.9% of the total consolidated 
RWA). 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

The  consolidated  maximum  capital  effect  on  the  potential  write-off  of  the  Russian  operation,  taking  into 
account the equity, the intragroup funding and the Russian risk weighted assets, is estimated at 116 bps on 
the consolidated CET1 ratio, according to year-end figures. 

The  Russian  operation  posted  HUF  37.6  billion  adjusted  profit  in  2021  which  represented  7.9%  of  OTP 
Group’s adjusted annual profit. 

According  to  the  estimation  of  the  Bank’s  Management  the  Ukrainian-Russian  conflict  does  not  have 
considerably  negative  impact  on  the  business  activity,  financial  position,  efficiency,  liquidity  and  capital 
position of OTP Bank. Even after the recognition of the potential losses and write-offs outlined above, the 
Group's  capital  adequacy  remains  above  the  expected  regulatory  level.  There  is  no  sign  of  significant 
uncertainties having been arisen regarding carrying out its business as a going concern.  

The Bank’s Management is monitoring the situation of the Ukrainian-Russian conflict continuously and will 
take the necessary steps in order to moderate the business risk. 

Consolidated capital adequacy ratio (in accordance with BASEL III) 

At the end of 2021, the consolidated CET1 under the accounting scope of consolidation according to IFRS 
was 17.5% (+2.1 pps y-o-y). This ratio equals to the Tier1 ratio and includes the eligible annual profit.  

Effective from 1 July 2020 the original level of O-SII capital buffer (2%) was modified to 0% by the NBH until 
31  December  2021.  Afterwards,  this  buffer  shall  be  rebuilt  gradually,  between  1  January  2022  and  
31 December 2023. At the end of 2021 the countercyclical capital buffer requirement was 0% in Hungary, 
and the central bank stated that it does not plan to raise it in the short term. However, in Bulgaria the local 
central bank prescribed a 0.5% buffer for the local subsidiary, thus, the institution-specific countercyclical 
buffer requirement for OTP Group was 0.1%. As a result, the effective regulatory minimum requirement for 
the  Tier  1  capital  adequacy  ratio  for  OTP  Group  was  9.6%  for  end-2021  (which  also  incorporated  the 
effective  SREP  rate  of  117.25%),  whereas  the  minimum  CET1  requirement  was  7.9%.  According  to  the 
decision of NBH, effective from March 2022 the SREP rate increased to 125%. 

Credit rating, shareholder structure 

In 2021 there was no change in S&P Global Ratings, accordingly, OTP Bank Plc.’s long-term issuer rating 
is ꞌBBBꞌ with stable outlook.  

On 13 July the ꞌBa1ꞌ dated subordinated debt rating of OTP Bank was placed on review for downgrade by 
Moody’s, while its ꞌBa3(hyb)ꞌ junior subordinated debt rating, the BCA (baseline credit assessment) and the 
adjusted BCA were placed on review for upgrade. The outlook on OTP Bank’s long-term deposit ratings was 
changed to positive from stable. At the same time, Moody’s placed on review for downgrade the ꞌBaa2ꞌ long-
term issuer rating of OTP Mortgage Bank Ltd., while all other ratings and assessments of OTP Mortgage 
Bank were affirmed. On 28 September OTP Bank’s Counterparty Risk Assessment (CRA) was upgraded 
from ꞌBaa2ꞌ to ꞌBaa1ꞌ, at the same time the long-term deposit rating of ꞌBaa1ꞌ and the long-term Counterparty 
Risk Ratings (CRR) were put on credit watch with potential upgrade. Furthermore, Moody’s upgraded OTP 
Mortgage Bank’s CRA rating from ꞌBaa2ꞌ to ꞌBaa1ꞌ and put on credit watch with potential upgrade its long-
term CRR rating. Finally, OTP MB’s mortgage bond rating was also upgraded from ꞌA2ꞌ to ꞌA1ꞌ. 

On 15 November Scope Ratings assigned an issuer rating of ꞌBBB+ꞌ, preferred senior unsecured debt rating 
of ꞌBBB+ꞌ, non-preferred senior unsecured debt rating of ꞌBBBꞌ and Tier 2 debt rating of ꞌBB+ꞌ to OTP Bank. 
The outlook for all ratings is stable. 

On 4 March 2022 Fitch  downgraded  OTP Bank Russia’s rating  to ꞌBꞌ and put the ratings on Rating Watch 
Negative.  

Regarding the ownership structure of the Bank, on 31 December 2021 the following investors had more than 
5% influence (voting rights) in the Company: MOL (the Hungarian Oil and Gas Company, 8.67%), the Kafijat 
Group (7.10%) and Groupama Group (5.17%). On 29 October 2021 OPUS Securities S.A.’s previous holding 
and influence (voting rights) in the Company dropped to nil. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

SUMMARY  OF  ECONOMIC  POLICY  MEASURES  MADE  IN  THE  LAST  PERIOD  AND  OTHER 
IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS, AS WELL AS POST-BALANCE SHEET EVENTS 

Post-balance sheet events cover the period until 17 February 2022. 

Hungary 

  Against the initially planned 2 pps social security contribution cut effective from July 2022, the government 
reduced employers’ taxes by 4 pps already from 1 January 2022 (the 1.5% vocational training contribution 
was abolished and the social contribution taxes were cut by 2.5 pps). 

  On 25 January 2022 the NBH hiked the base rate by 50 bps to 2.9%. 

  On 27 January 2022 the NBH hiked the rate of the 1-week central bank deposit by 30 bps to 4.3%. 

  On 15 February 2022 the CSO revealed the final GDP growth figures: accordingly, in 4Q 2021 the quarterly 
expansion of 2.1% was stronger than expected, lifting the annual growth rate to 7.1% in 2021 as a whole 
(seasonally  and  working  day  adjusted).  Mr.  Mihály  Varga  (Minister  of  Finance)  announced  that  the 
government expects 5.9% growth for 2022. 

Slovenia 

  On 2 February 2022, the Slovenian Parliament passed a law requiring banks to compensate customers 
for losses arising from FX rate depreciation of more than 10% in the case of CHF mortgages disbursed 
between 2004 and 2010. The law came into force 15 days after its Parliamentary approval, and under the 
law  banks  have  60  days  to  notify  their  customers  about  the  reimbursement  and  the  recalculated  new 
instalments. SKB Banka intends to file a constitutional objection against the law, and plans to submit the 
appeal to the local Constitutional Court after the law’s entry into force. A provision is expected to be made 
in March 2022 for the potential negative impact. 

Russia 

  On 11 February 2022 CBR hiked the base rate by 100 bps to 9.5%. 

 

In the second half of February 2022 an armed conflict erupted between Russia and Ukraine. 

Ukraine 

  On 20 January 2022 the National Bank of Ukraine raised its key interest rate by 1 pp to 10%. 

 

In the second half of February 2022 an armed conflict erupted between Russia and Ukraine. 

Romania 

  The National Bank of Romania raised the key interest rate by 25 bps on 10 January 2022, and by further 

50 bps on 10 February 2022 to 2.5%.  

Moldova 

  On 13 January 2022, the National Bank of Moldova raised the key interest rate by 2 pps to 8.5%. 

  On 15 February 2022, the National Bank of Moldova raised the key interest rate by 2 pps to 10.5%. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

CONSOLIDATED AFTER TAX PROFIT BREAKDOWN BY SUBSIDIARIES (IFRS)11 

Consolidated after tax profit 

Adjustments (total) 
Consolidated adjusted after tax profit  
without the effect of adjustments  

Banks total1 

OTP Core (Hungary)2 
DSK Group (Bulgaria)3 
OBH (Croatia)4 
OTP Bank Serbia5 
SKB Banka (Slovenia) 
OTP Bank Romania6 
OTP Bank Ukraine7 
OTP Bank Russia8 
CKB Group (Montenegro)9 
OTP Bank Albania 
OTP Bank Moldova 
OBS (Slovakia)10 

Leasing 

Merkantil Group (Hungary)11 

Asset Management 

OTP Asset Management (Hungary) 
Foreign Asset Management  
Companies (Ukraine, Romania,  
Bulgaria)12 

Other Hungarian Subsidiaries 
Other Foreign Subsidiaries13 
Corporate Centre14 
Eliminations 

Total adjusted after tax profit of HUNGARIAN subsidiaries15 
Total adjusted after tax profit of FOREIGN subsidiaries16 
Share of foreign profit contribution 

2020 
HUF million 
259,636 
(50,631) 

2021 
HUF million 
456,428 
(40,474) 

Change 
% 
76 
(20) 

310,268 

285,103 
159,303 
40,957 
14,830 
7,298 
9,665 
1,558 
26,104 
16,317 
4,307 
1,959 
3,973 
(1,169) 
7,661 
7,661 
9,824 
9,747 

77 

8,241 
108 
(569) 
(101) 

184,282 
125,986 
41% 

496,901 

468,962 
213,377 
76,790 
33,448 
32,104 
16,822 
4,253 
39,024 
37,624 
4,140 
5,522 
5,858 
- 
7,998 
7,998 
6,321 
6,116 

205 

10,205 
50 
2,887 
479 

241,062 
255,839 
51% 

60 

64 
34 
87 
126 
340 
74 
173 
49 
131 
(4) 
182 
47 

4 
4 
(36) 
(37) 

166 

24 
(54) 
(608) 
(574) 

31 
103 
11 

11 Belonging footnotes are in the Supplementary data section of the Report. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
                                           
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS  

Main components of the adjusted Statement of recognized income 

Consolidated after tax profit  

Adjustments (total) 

Dividends and net cash transfers (after tax) 
Goodwill/investment impairment charges (after tax) 
Special tax on financial institutions (after corporate income tax) 
Expected one-off negative effect of the debt repayment moratorium in  
Hungary and Serbia (after corporate income tax) 
Effect of acquisitions (after tax) 
Result of the treasury share swap agreement (after tax) 

Consolidated adjusted after tax profit  
without the effect of adjustments 

Before tax profit 

Operating profit 
Total income 

Net interest income 
Net fees and commissions 
Other net non-interest income 
Foreign exchange result, net 
Gain/loss on securities, net 
Net other non-interest result 

Operating expenses 

Personnel expenses 
Depreciation 
Other expenses 

Total risk costs 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses 
Other provision 
Total one-off items 

Result of the treasury share swap agreement at OTP Core 

Corporate taxes 

Indicators 

ROE (from accounting net earnings) 
ROE (from adjusted net earnings) 
ROA (from adjusted net earnings) 

Operating profit margin 
Total income margin 
Net interest margin 
Net fee and commission margin 
Net other non-interest income margin 

Cost-to-asset ratio 
Cost/income ratio 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses-to-average gross loans 
Total risk cost-to-asset ratio 
Effective tax rate 

Non-interest income/total income 
EPS base (HUF) (from unadjusted net earnings) 
EPS diluted (HUF) (from unadjusted net earnings) 
EPS base (HUF) (from adjusted net earnings) 
EPS diluted (HUF) (from adjusted net earnings) 

Comprehensive Income Statement 

Consolidated after tax profit  
Fair value changes of financial instruments measured at fair value  
through other comprehensive income 
Fair value adjustment of derivative financial instruments designated as  
cash-flow hedge 
Net investment hedge in foreign operations 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Change of actuarial costs (IAS 19) 

Net comprehensive income 

o/w Net comprehensive income attributable to equity holders 
Net comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest 

Average exchange rate1 of the HUF 

HUF/EUR 
HUF/CHF 
HUF/USD 

2020 

259,636 
(50,631) 
213 
886 
(17,365) 

(28,262) 

(6,852) 

310,268 

351,802 
537,437 
1,169,920 
788,079 
293,112 
88,729 
44,927 
14,193 
29,610 
(632,483)
(312,495) 
(70,286) 
(249,702) 
(187,995) 
(158,421) 
(29,574) 
2,360 
2,360 
(41,534) 
2020 
10.9% 
13.0% 
1.4% 
2.47% 
5.37% 
3.61% 
1.34% 
0.41% 
2.90% 
54.1% 
1.15% 
0.86% 
11.8% 
33% 
1,004 
1,003 
1,200 
1,200 
2020 
259,636 

2021 

456,428 
(40,474) 
729 
1,909 
(18,893) 

(15,040) 

(15,506) 
6,326 

496,902 

587,853 
660,391 
1,313,124 
884,012 
325,548 
103,563 
44,251 
9,726 
49,586 
(652,733) 
(340,201) 
(72,816) 
(239,716) 
(72,538) 
(46,006) 
(26,532) 
- 
- 
(90,951) 
2021 
17.0% 
18.5% 
2.0% 
2.62% 
5.21% 
3.51% 
1.29% 
0.41% 
2.59% 
49.7% 
0.30% 
0.29% 
15.5% 
33% 
1,739 
1,738 
1,896 
1,896 
2021 
456,428 

(4,764) 

(44,877) 

(2) 

(8,591) 
68,593 
144 
315,016
315,239 
(223) 
2020 
HUF 
351 
328 
308 

0 

0 
61,729 
42 
473,322 
472,281 
1,041 
2021 
HUF 
359 
332 
303 

Change 
% 
76 
(20) 
243 
116 
9 

(47) 

126 

60 

67 
23 
12 
12 
11 
17 
(2) 
(31) 
67 
3
9 
4 
(4) 
(61) 
(71) 
(10) 

119 
%/pps 
6.1 
5.5 
0.5 
0.16 
(0.15) 
(0.11) 
(0.05) 
0.00 
(0.31) 
(4.4) 
(0.84) 
(0.57) 
3.7 
0 
73 
73 
58 
58 
% 
76 

842 

(100) 

(100) 
(10) 
(71) 
50
50 
(567) 
Change 
% 
2 
1 
(2) 

1 Exchange rates presented in the tables of this report should be interpreted as follows: the value of a unit of the other currency expressed in Hungarian forint 
terms, i.e. HUF/EUR represents the HUF equivalent of one EUR. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
  
  
  
  
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

ASSET-LIABILITY MANAGEMENT 

Similar to previous periods OTP Group maintained a strong and safe liquidity position… 

The primary objective of OTP Bank in terms of asset-liability management has not changed, that is to ensure 
that the Group’s liquidity is maintained at a safe level.  

Refinancing sources of the European Central Bank are available for OTP (ECB repo eligible security portfolio 
on Group level exceeded EUR 2 billion).  

Total liquidity reserves of OTP Bank remained steadily and substantially above the safety level. As of 31 
December 2021 the gross liquidity buffer was around EUR 9.1 billion equivalent. The level of these buffers 
is significantly higher than the maturing debt within one year and the reserves required to manage possible 
liquidity shocks.  

As of 30 December 2021 OTP Group consolidated liquidity coverage (LCR) ratio was 180% (4Q 2020: 214%, 
2Q 2021: 212%) while NSFR compliance has remained comfortable (2Q 2021: 135%, 4Q 2021: 137%). 

The volume of issued securities decreased on a consolidated basis by HUF 28 billion y-o-y, mainly because 
of the change of net volume of mortgage bonds issued by OTP Mortgage Bank and the redemption of corporate 
and retail bonds issued by OTP Bank in the total amount of approximately HUF 9 billion. The redemption of 
ICES bonds issued by OPUS Securities S.A. was accounted for in the equity. The temporary negative effect 
of ICES redemption on the Group’s liquidity position was counterbalanced as OTP Bank treasury shares were 
transferred from OPUS Securities, the issuer of ICES, to OTP Bank, which thus have become saleable and 
majority of those were sold to the Special Employee Partial Ownership Plan Organizations in December 2021. 

…and kept its interest-rate risk exposures low 

Interest-rate risk exposure of OTP Group is determined primarily by the positions of OTP Bank Plc. and OTP 
Mortgage Bank Ltd. Due to the forint liabilities on OTP Bank’s balance sheet, which respond to yield changes 
only to a moderate extent, the Bank has an interest-rate risk exposure resulting from its business operations. 
The Bank considers the reduction and closing of this exposure as a strategic matter. Consequently, it has been 
reducing its interest-rate risk exposure through the purchase of fixed-rate government securities in order to 
offset the negative impact of declining yields on net interest income. 

The increase of BUBOR is almost completely reflected in the interest rate of the variable rate forint assets of 
the  Bank  within  6  months:  the  loans  get  repriced  typically  in  3  months,  the  interest  rate  swaps  (IRS)  in  6 
months, and other liquid assets within 1-3 months. On the deposit side the repricing is not automatic, its extent 
and speed depends on the level of interest rates and the liquidity postition of the Bank. 

The already manifested rate and yield increases in 2021 in Hungary exert a positive effect on the net interest 
income. 

Market Risk Exposure of OTP Group 

The  consolidated  capital  requirement  of  the  trading  book  positions,  the  counterparty  risk  and  the  FX  risk 
exposure represented HUF 31.3 billion in total.  

OTP Group is an active participant of the international FX and derivative market. Open FX positions of group 
members  are  restricted  to  individual  and  global  net  open  position  limits  (overnight  and  intraday),  and  to  
stop-loss limits. The open positions of the group members outside Hungary except for the Bulgarian DSK Bank 
– the EUR/BGN exposure of DSK under the current exchange rate regime does not represent real risk – were 
negligible measured against either the balance sheet total or the regulatory capital. Therefore, the group level 
FX exposure was concentrated at OTP Bank.  

In the last couple of years the main part of the FX exposure at OTP Bank was the strategic open FX position 
(EUR 310 million), kept in order to hedge the currency risk of the expected FX-denominated net earnings of 
the  main  foreign  subsidiaries.  In  the  course  of  2021  the  strategic  open  FX  position  was  fully  closed  in 
accounting meaning. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION OF OTP GROUP 

Main components of the adjusted balance sheet 

TOTAL ASSETS 
Cash, amounts due from Banks and balances with the National Banks 
Placements with other banks, net of allowance for placement losses 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 
Net customer loans 
Net customer loans (FX adjusted1) 

Gross customer loans 
Gross customer loans (FX adjusted1) 

Gross performing (Stage 1+2) customer loans (FX-adjusted1) 

o/w Retail loans 

Retail mortgage loans (incl. home equity) 
Retail consumer loans 
SME loans 
Corporate loans 
Leasing 

Allowances for loan losses 
Allowances for loan losses (FX adjusted1) 

Associates and other investments 
Securities at amortized costs 
Tangible and intangible assets, net 

o/w Goodwill, net 
Tangible and other intangible assets, net 

Other assets 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 
Amounts due to banks, the National Governments, deposits from the National Banks and 
other banks, and Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss 
Deposits from customers 
Deposits from customers (FX adjusted1) 

o/w Retail deposits 

Household deposits 
SME deposits 
Corporate deposits 
Accrued interest payable related to customer deposits 

Liabilities from issued securities 

o/w Retail bonds 
Liabilities from issued securities without retail bonds 

Other liabilities 
Subordinated bonds and loans2 
Total shareholders' equity 

Indicators 

Loan/deposit ratio (FX adjusted1) 
Net loan/(deposit + retail bond) ratio (FX adjusted1) 
Stage 1 loan volume under IFRS 9 
Stage 1 loans under IFRS9/gross customer loans 
Own coverage of Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9 
Stage 2 loan volume under IFRS 9 
Stage 2 loans under IFRS9/gross customer loans 
Own coverage of Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9 
Stage 3 loan volume under IFRS 9 
Stage 3 loans under IFRS9/gross customer loans 
Own coverage of Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9 
90+ days past due loan volume  
90+ days past due loans/gross customer loans 

Consolidated capital adequacy - Basel3 

Capital adequacy ratio (consolidated, IFRS) 
Tier1 ratio 
Common Equity Tier 1 ('CET1') capital ratio  
Regulatory capital (consolidated) 

o/w Tier1 Capital 

o/w Common Equity Tier 1 capital 

Tier2 Capital 

o/w Hybrid Tier2 

Consolidated risk weighted assets (RWA) (Credit&Market&Operational risk) 

o/w RWA (Credit risk) 
RWA (Market & Operational risk) 

Closing exchange rate of the HUF 

HUF/EUR 
HUF/CHF 
HUF/USD 

2020 
HUF million 
23,335,841 
2,432,314 
1,148,987 
235,194 
2,140,118 
13,528,586 
13,730,752 
14,363,281 
14,575,916 
13,736,409 
7,619,159 
3,585,272 
3,290,818 
743,068 
5,065,053 
1,052,197 
(834,695) 
(845,164) 
52,444 
2,625,952 
589,878 
101,393 
488,485 
582,368 
23,335,841 

2021 
HUF million 
27,553,384 
2,556,035 
1,584,860 
341,397 
2,224,510 
15,743,922 
15,743,922 
16,634,454 
16,634,454 
15,756,503 
8,560,531 
4,123,484 
3,739,128 
697,919 
6,025,106 
1,170,866 
(890,532) 
(890,532) 
67,223 
3,891,335 
689,290 
105,640 
583,650 
454,811 
27,553,384 

1,219,446 

1,608,533 

17,890,863 
18,152,563 
12,992,703 
10,774,361 
2,218,342 
5,151,386 
8,474 
464,214 
1,326 
462,888 
949,502 
274,704 
2,537,112 
2020 
80% 
76% 
11,544,791 
80.4% 
1.0% 
1,998,867 
13.9% 
10.4% 
819,622 
5.7% 
62.3% 
543,733 
3.8% 
2020 
17.7% 
15.4% 
15.4% 
2,669,806 
2,316,118 
2,316,118 
353,688 
89,935 
15,046,888 
13,389,536 
1,657,352 

2020 

365 
337 
297 

21,068,644 
21,068,644 
14,297,453 
11,897,580 
2,399,873 
6,762,795 
8,396 
436,325 
0 
436,325 
1,124,782 
278,334 
3,036,766 
2021 
79% 
75% 
13,561,883 
81.5% 
1.0% 
2,194,620 
13.2% 
10.0% 
877,951 
5.3% 
60.5% 
535,445 
3.2% 
2021 
19.1% 
17.5% 
17.5% 
3,191,765 
2,926,882 
2,926,882 
264,883 
0 
16,691,315 
14,992,797 
1,698,518 

2021 

369 
357 
326 

Change 
% 
18 
5 
38 
45 
4 
16 
15 
16 
14 
15 
12 
15 
14 
(6) 
19 
11 
7 
5 
28 
48 
17 
4 
19 
(22) 
18 

32 

18 
16 
10 
10 
8 
31 
(1) 
(6) 
(100) 
(6) 
18 
1 
20 
pps 
(1) 
(1) 
17 
1.2 
0.0 
10 
(0.7) 
(0.4) 
7 
(0.4) 
(1.8) 
(2) 
(0.6) 
%/pps 
1.4 
2.1 
2.1 
20 
26 
26 
(25) 
(100) 
11 
12 
2 
Change 
% 
1 
6 
10 

1 Exchange rates presented in the tables of this report should be interpreted as follows: the value of a unit of the other currency expressed in Hungarian forint 
terms, i.e. HUF/EUR represents the HUF equivalent of one EUR. 
2 The ICES bonds were considered as Tier2 debt, but accounting-wise they were treated as part of the shareholders’ equity until 2Q 2021, but in 3Q 2021 
the ICES bonds are no longer part of the shareholders’ equity. In the wake of the redemption of the ICES bonds announced on 14 September 2021, at the 
end of 3Q the HUF equivalent of ICES bonds (using the FX rate of 14 September) was recognized within the Other liabilities (HUF 179.8 billion) both on OTP 
Bank standalone and consolidated level, and within the consolidated shareholders’ equity the other reserves declined by HUF 89.9 billion and the retained 
earnings by HUF 89.9 billion. The ICES bonds were redeemed on 29 October 2021.  

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

OTP BANK’S HUNGARIAN CORE BUSINESS 

OTP Core Statement of recognized income: 

Main components of the Statement of recognised income 

After tax profit without the effect of adjustments  

Corporate income tax 

Pre-tax profit 

Operating profit 
Total income 

Net interest income 
Net fees and commissions 
Other net non-interest income   

Operating expenses 

Total risk costs 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses 
Other provisions 
Total one-off items 

Revaluation result of the treasury share swap agreement 

Indicators 

ROE 
ROA 

Operating profit margin 
Total income margin 
Net interest margin 
Net fee and commission margin 
Net other non-interest income margin 

Operating costs to total assets ratio 
Cost/income ratio 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses/average gross loans1 
Effective tax rate 

2020 
HUF million 
159,303 
(16,558) 
175,860 
181,178 
453,634 
286,448 
130,470 
36,717 
(272,457) 
(7,677) 
2,374 
(10,052) 
2,360 
2,360 
2020 
9.3% 
1.5% 
1.7% 
4.34% 
2.74% 
1.25% 
0.35% 
2.6% 
60.1% 
(0.06%) 
9.4% 

2021 
HUF million 
213,377 
(40,594) 
253,972 
257,182 
546,215 
369,309 
150,578 
26,328 
(289,034) 
(3,210) 
(1,116) 
(2,094) 
- 
- 
2021 
11.6% 
1.6% 
2.0% 
4.22% 
2.85% 
1.16% 
0.20% 
2.2% 
52.9% 
0.02% 
16.0% 

Change 
% 
34 
145 
44 
42 
20 
29 
15 
(28) 
6 
(58) 
(147) 
(79) 

pps 
2.3 
0.1 
0.3 
(0.12) 
0.11 
(0.08) 
(0.15) 
(0.4) 
(7.1) 
0.08 
6.6 

1 Negative Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses/average gross loans ratio implies positive amount on the Provision for impairment on loan 
and placement losses line. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
  
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

Main components of OTP Core’s Statement of financial position: 

Main components of balance sheet  
closing balances 

Total Assets 
Net customer loans 
Net customer loans (FX adjusted) 

Gross customer loans 
Gross customer loans (FX adjusted) 

Stage 1+2 customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Retail loans 

Retail mortgage loans (incl. home equity) 
Retail consumer loans 
SME loans 
Corporate loans 

Provisions 
Provisions (FX adjusted) 

Deposits from customers + retail bonds 
Deposits from customers + retail bonds (FX adjusted) 

Retail deposits + retail bonds 

Household deposits + retail bonds 

o/w: Retail bonds 

SME deposits 
Corporate deposits 

Liabilities to credit institutions 
Issued securities without retail bonds 
Total shareholders' equity 

Loan Quality 

Stage 1 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans 
Own coverage of Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9 (%) 
Stage 2 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans 
Own coverage of Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9 (%) 
Stage 3 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans 
Own coverage of Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9 (%) 
90+ days past due loan volume (in HUF million) 
90+ days past due loans/gross customer loans 

Market Share 

Loans 
Deposits 
Total Assets 

Performance Indicators 

Net loans to (deposits + retail bonds) (FX adjusted) 
Leverage (closing Shareholder's Equity/Total Assets) 
Leverage (closing Total Assets/Shareholder's Equity) 
Capital adequacy ratio (OTP Bank, non-consolidated, Basel3, IFRS) 
Common Equity Tier1 ratio (OTP Bank, non-consolidated, Basel3, IFRS) 

2020 
HUF million 
11,492,949 
4,415,778 
4,425,421 
4,631,974 
4,642,248 
4,449,398 
2,797,121 
1,437,243 
995,361 
364,517 
1,652,277 
(216,196) 
(216,828) 
8,083,488 
8,122,814 
5,394,876 
4,254,102 
1,326 
1,140,774 
2,727,938 
858,230 
513,860 
1,766,639 
2020 
3,606,490 
77.9% 
0.8% 
833,163 
18.0% 
10.1% 
192,321 
4.2% 
54.5% 
144,816 
3.1% 
2020 
22.9% 
25.3% 
25.8% 
2020 
54% 
15.4% 
6.5x 
26.7% 
22.5% 

2021 
HUF million 
14,207,399 
5,310,327 
5,310,327 
5,549,248 
5,549,248 
5,293,960 
3,320,579 
1,613,416 
1,246,723 
460,440 
1,973,381 
(238,921) 
(238,921) 
10,124,795 
10,124,795 
6,261,808 
4,870,560 
0 
1,391,247 
3,862,988 
1,117,086 
531,471 
2,011,932 
2021 
4,327,232 
78.0% 
1.0% 
966,727 
17.4% 
8.9% 
255,288 
4.6% 
42.7% 
136,003 
2.5% 
2021 
24.4% 
28.2% 
26.9% 
2021 
52% 
14.1% 
7.1x 
25.1% 
21.8% 

Change 
% 
24 
20 
20 
20 
20 
19 
19 
12 
25 
26 
19 
11 
10 
25 
25 
16 
14 
(100) 
22 
42 
30 
3 
14 
%/pps 
20 
0.1 
0.3 
16 
(0.6) 
(1.2) 
33 
0.4 
(11.8) 
(6) 
(0.7) 
pps 
1.5 
2.9 
1.1 
pps 
(2) 
(1.2) 
0.6x 
(1.6) 
(0.7) 

In  June  2021,  OTP  Home  Solutions  was  added  to  the  range  of  companies  that  make  up  OTP  Core;  its 
balance sheet total was HUF 1.6 billion at the end of 2021. 

P&L developments 

In 2021 OTP Core's adjusted after-tax profit amounted to HUF 213.4 billion, 34% more than a year earlier.  

Starting from 2021, the local business tax and the innovation contribution paid by Hungarian Group members 
are presented on the corporate income tax line, rather than under operating expenses, in the adjusted P&L 
structure. At OTP Core, the local business tax and the innovation contribution amounted to HUF 15.2 billion 
in 2020 (presented under operating expenses), and to HUF 17.4 billion in 2021 (shown on the corporate 
income tax line). This item caused much of the increase in the annual effective corporate income tax rate. 
The  above  item  explained  3.2  pps  from  the  7.1  pps  improvement  in  the  annual  cost/income  ratio,  which 
would have decreased nearly 4 pps even without this technical effect, as income growth outpaced that of 
operating expenses.  

The full-year operating profit jumped by 42%. Even without the above reclassification affecting operating 
expenses, operating profit would have improved by 34%.  

Net interest income grew at an accelerating pace, by 29% y-o-y in 2021. This could be largely ascribed to 
the continued dynamic growth in business volumes, as well as to last year’s reversal of net interest margin’s 
erosion: it has risen by 11 bps y-o-y in full year 2021.  

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

The main reason for the favourable turn in the net interest margin development was that rising reference 
rates’ benign effect on interest revenues was more and more visible in the second half of the year. Overall, 
the effect of rising reference rates is reflected in the asset-side interest rates with a certain delay; what is 
more, the time lag in the repricing of variable-rate assets (mortgage and corporate loans with variable rates, 
central bank deposits, and government securities swapped to variable-rate) is also different. Of the short-
term interbank interest rates, which are typically the reference rates for variable rate loans, the 3M BUBOR 
increased to 77 bps by end-March, to 105 bps by end-June, to 176 bps by end-September, and to 421 bps 
by end-December (from 75 bps at the end of 2020), while its quarterly average was 76 bps in 1Q, 87 bps in 
2Q, 139 bps in 3Q, and 277 bps in 4Q 2021. The 3M BUBOR hit 459 bps on 17 February 2022. Likewise, 
the 6M BUBOR printed a similar pattern, hitting 479 bps on 17 February. Most of the deposits kept with the 
central bank was held in its one-week instrument; it amounted to HUF 750 billion at the end of 2021. 

Also,  two  one-off  effects  emerging  in  1Q  2021  (a  technical  effect  relating  to  the  accounting  of  the  loan 
repayment moratorium, and the repricing of cash loans for regulatory reasons) exerted a positive impact on 
the  margin  development,  as  they  elevated  the  margin  level  in  the  first  quarter,  but  have  not  helped  the 
margin dynamics since then.  

On the other hand, partly as a result of the strong competition, the erosion of product-level spreads typically 
continued in the case of newly disbursed loans, adversely affecting the margin development.  

In 2021 as a whole, the changes in the balance sheet structure had an overall neutral effect on the y-o-y 
margin dynamics: although due to the sustained dynamic growth in deposits the weight of financial assets 
carrying lower margins than loans increased in the balance sheet (partly at the expense of loans), but the 
share of non-interest-bearing assets was in downtrend in recent quarters, and the weight of consumer loans 
within total loans grew, too. 

As a negative development, for the period between 1 January – 30 June 2022 the government introduced 
an interest rate cap for variable-rate retail mortgage loans, and with its decision announced on 18 February, 
for housing purposes financial leasing contracts, too. Accordingly, the affected exposures’ reference rate 
cannot  be  higher  than  the  relevant  reference  rate  as  at  27  October  2021.  Furthermore,  according  to 
Government Decree 537/2021. (IX. 15.) published on 15 September, credit institutions shall re-calculate the 
interest deferred during the period spent in the moratorium in the case of overdraft loans and credit card 
exposures. The base for the re-calculation shall be the NBH’s statistical data for the average annualized 
cash loan interest rate published for February 2020. The difference between the deferred interest booked 
according to the original contract and the re-calculated amount shall be refunded to the borrowers by way 
of crediting the borrowers’ account with the due amount. In the adjusted P&L structure, the negative effect 
of this regulatory change wa presented amongst the adjustment items, on the Expected one-off negative 
effect of the debt repayment moratorium in Hungary and Serbia line. 

Net fees and commissions rose by 15% y-o-y in 2021. The improvement can be attributed to the double-
digit growth rate of commissions on deposits, transactions, cards, lending, as well as securities sales, fuelled 
by the strengthening economic activity compared to the base period. One-off items reduced the y-o-y growth 
of net fees and commissions by a total of HUF 3 billion. 

The annual other net non-interest income dropped by 28%, or nearly HUF 10 billion. This can be explained 
mainly by two items: the weaker foreign exchange result in 2Q 2021, and the weaker securities result in 4Q 
2021,  latter  owing  to  the  sale  of  government  securities.  The  development  of  other  income  was  also 
influenced by the fact that, starting from 2021, the recoveries from claims written off at OTP Factoring for 
legal reasons (e.g. irretraceable borrower, time-barred debt) are presented amongst other income, rather 
than under risk costs.  

Operating expenses grew by 6% y-o-y in 2021. In the reporting period, there were three major one-off or 
technical  items  that  affected  costs:  first,  starting  from  2021,  the  local  business  tax  and  the  innovation 
contribution  (HUF  17.4  billion  in  2021)  are  presented  as  part  of  corporate  income  tax,  rather  than  under 
operating  expenses.  Second,  in  the  second  quarter,  the  provisions  for  untaken  holidays  on  a  pro  rata 
temporis basis were moved to personnel expenses from the other risk costs line, and simultaneously, the 
HUF 3.1 billion amount for all such untaken holidays was recorded in 2Q. Third, in 4Q 2021, in the case of 
certain expected future bonus payments, the expected amount on a longer time horizon and according to 
model calculations was booked in a lump sum, against the previous practice of recognising the expected 
payments over the next12 months. This item explained HUF 5.4 billion increase in personnel expenses in 
2021  y-o-y.  Without 
items,  expenses  would  have  grown  by  9%  
y-o-y, partly owing to higher personnel expenses (due to a 2% increase in annual average headcount and 
the implemented wage hikes), the steady rise in depreciation on the back of IT and digital development, as 
well as higher other expenses (due to stronger business activity, higher cost of hardware, office equipment, 
and other services, and supervisory fees increased by HUF 3.8 billion y-o-y). 

the  effect  of 

these 

three 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

On the whole, underlying credit quality trends were favourable in 2021. In 2021 total risk costs amounted to 
-HUF 3.2 billion (down from -HUF 7.7 billion in 2020), including -HUF 2.1 billion other risk costs partly relating 
to provisions for securities, while credit risk costs amounted to -HUF 1.1 billion. The main reason for the 
positive  amount  of  total  risk  costs  in  the  first  two  quarters  was  the  continued  recoveries  on  retail  claims 
managed  by  OTP  Faktoring,  but  these  recoveries  followed  a  declining  path  during  the  year.  In  the  third 
quarter, nearly HUF 3 billion additional credit risk cost emerged as a result of the reclassification of certain 
corporate loans participating in the moratorium into the riskier Stage 2 bucket, in accordance with the more 
conservative approach applied by the Bank. In the fourth quarter, HUF 7.8 billion credit risk cost (the highest 
since  1Q  2020)  weighed  on  profit.  In  the  last  quarter,  credit  risk  costs  were  adversely  affected  by  the 
additional  provisions  allocated  to  exposures  participating  in  the  extended  moratorium:  borrowers  who 
applied for the extended loan repayment moratorium starting from November were reclassified into riskier 
categories (Stage 2 or Stage 3), based on the Bank’s assessment; moreover, the impairment parameters 
were also revised. 

In 2021, the loan repayment moratorium was first extended by three months (until the end of September 
2021),  then  by  one  more  month  (until  end-October),  with  unchanged  terms  and  conditions.  Between 
November 2021 and June 2022, only eligible borrowers who had applied for it at their bank in October 2021 
are entitled to participate in the moratorium. At OTP Core, the volume of loans subject to the debt repayment 
moratorium  was  in  downtrend  in  2021:  At  the  end  of  2020  HUF  1,760  billion,  at  the  end  of  3Q  2021  
HUF 1,286 billion, and at the end of 2021 HUF 237 billion worth of loans participated in the loan repayment 
moratorium; the latter makde up 4.3% of OTP Core’s total gross loan portfolio. 

Partly as a result of the above mentioned one-timer effects, at the end of 2021 the ratio of Stage 3 loans 
stood at 4.6%, while the Stage 2 ratioat 17.4%. At the end of the year the aggregated own provision coverage 
of the Stage 1+2 portfolio stood at 2.5%, while the own provision coverage of Stage 3 loans at 42.7%.  

The volume of more than 90 days past due (DPD90+) loans declined by HUF 5 billion both in full year 2020 
and  by  HUF  1  billion  in  2021  as  a  whole  (FX-adjusted,  without  sales/write-offs  and  the  revaluation  of 
Faktoring’s claims). In 2021, HUF 10 billion non-performing loans were sold/written off (FX-adjusted).  

Balance sheet trends 

OTP Core’s balance sheet total grew by 24% y-o-y or more than HUF 2,700 billion in 2021. Most of this 
year-over-year increase stemmed from the inflow of deposits (+25%, or +HUF 2,040 billion), and a smaller 
part came from interbank liabilities’ increase (+30% y-o-y, +HUF 260 billion); the latter was partly explained 
by the expansion of loan volumes under the Funding for Growth scheme refinanced by the central bank.  

In  full  year  2021,  the  nominal  growth  in  customer  deposits  significantly  exceeded  the  increase  in  loans, 
which crystallized in the further rise in the volume of financial and other liquid assets. In 2021, the share of 
financial assets on OTP Core’s assets side rose by 4.3 pps y-o-y on average, while that of non-interest-
bearing assets dropped by 2.6 pps, and the weight of net loans shrank by 1.7 pps.  

Performing (Stage 1+2) loans increased dynamically, this brought the full-year growth to 19% (FX-adjusted), 
of which 3 pps  increase could  be ascribed  to  the volume-boosting effect  of the  moratorium.  Much of  the 
yearly growth came from the government's and the national bank’s subsidized loan programmes (baby loan, 
CSOK  subsidized  housing  loan,  green  mortgage  loan,  home  renovation  loan,  Funding  for  Growth  Go!, 
Széchenyi Card Go!).  

Regarding individual product categories, performing consumer loans jumped by 25% y-o-y.  

Within  consumer  loans,  baby  loans  remained  highly  popular:  in  whole  year  2021,  the  newly  contracted 
amount at OTP Bank hit HUF 232 billion; this was consistent with a market share of 42.1% in 2021.  

In the case of cash loans, market pricing has been in effect since the beginning of 2021, as the regulatory 
interest rate cap expired. New cash loan placements grew by 50% last year. OTP Bank's market share in 
cash loan disbursements reached 38.4% in 2021, against 34.8% in full year 2020. All in all, performing cash 
loan volumes expanded by 17% y-o-y. 

To help borrowers take advantage of the government's home renovation subsidy, OTP made available both 
the  mortgage-backed  subsidized  home  renovation  loan  (from  the  beginning  of  February  2021)  and  the 
Bank's own unsecured home renovation cash loan product (from March 2021). By the end of December, 
loan applications for the unsecured product amounted to HUF 16 billion, and those for the secured product 
was close to HUF 37 billion. Because of its collateralized nature, the subsidized home renovation loan is 
presented among mortgage loans in the product structure, whereas the unsecured home renovation loan is 
shown under consumer loans. 

As for mortgage loans, the strong demand persisted: applications grew by 55% in full year 2021 HUF 43 
billion of the applications () were for green housing loans with subsidized interest rates, under the central 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

bank’s FGS Green Home programme launched in October 2021. OTP Bank's market share in new mortgage 
loan contractual amounts was 31.5% in 2021 (against 32% in 2020).  

The  Bank's  corporate  lending  activity  remained  strong,  largely  because  of  the  Funding  for  Growth  Go! 
scheme launched by the Magyar Nemzeti Bank in April 2020. By the end of September 2021, the FGS Go! 
contracted amount reached the HUF 3,000 billion available amount at sector level, thus the programme was 
phased out by the central bank. Since the launch of this scheme, OTP Bank’s contracted amounts exceeded 
HUF 752 billion, which resulted in a market share of 26%.  

Because of the phasing out of the FGS Go! programme, in July 2021 the government introduced subsidized 
lending programmes for micro and small enterprises through the KAVOSZ Széchenyi Card scheme. Under 
the  programme,  by  the  end  of  December  OTP  Bank  signed  loan  agreements  worth  more  than  
HUF 130 billion.  

Overall, in 2021 at OTP core the outstanding expansion of loans to micro and small enterprises continued: 
their  performing  volumes  surged  26%  y-o-y  (FX-adjusted),  partly  bolstered  by  the  FGS  Go!  programme, 
which has already been ended.  

Performing corporate loans grew by 19% y-o-y (FX-adjusted).  

OTP Core’s 12-month customer deposit growth rate was 25% (FX-adjusted). Within this, the 42% jump in 
corporate deposits was outstanding, but retail deposits also increased by 14%.  

The net loan/deposit ratio stood at 52% at the end of 2021, marking a 2 pps y-o-y contraction. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

OTP FUND MANAGEMENT (HUNGARY) 

Changes in assets under management and financial performance of OTP Fund Management: 

After tax profit w/o dividends and net cash transfer 

Main components of P&L account 

Income tax 

Profit before income tax 

Operating profit 
Total income 

Net fees and commissions 
Other net non-interest income 

Operating expenses 

Other provisions 

Main components of balance sheet  
closing balances 

Total assets 
Total shareholders' equity 

Asset under management 

Assets under management, total (w/o duplicates)1 

Volume of investment funds (closing, w/o duplicates) 
Volume of managed assets (closing) 

Volume of investment funds (closing, with duplicates)2 

bond 
absolute return fund 
equity 
mixed 
commodity market 
guaranteed 
money market 

2020 
HUF million 
9,747 
(915 
10,662 
10,662 
14,453 
14,154 
299 
(3,791) 
(1) 

2021 
HUF million 
6,116 
(788) 
6,904 
6,918 
10,044 
9,799 
245 
(3,125) 
(14) 

2020 

2021 

33,210 
16,425 
2020 
HUF billion 
1,201 
828 
373 
1,183 
376 
374 
248 
133 
28 
20 
5 

24,988 
12,792 
2021 
HUF billion 
1,331 
942 
389 
1,479 
444 
300 
342 
345 
37 
5 
4 

Change
%
(37)
(14)
(35)
(35)
(31)
(31)
(18)
(18)

%

(25)
(22)

%

11
14
4
25
18
(20)
38
160
33
(73)
(21)

1 The cumulative net asset value of investment funds and managed assets of OTP Fund Management, eliminating the volume of own investment funds 
(duplications) being managed in other investment funds and managed assets of OTP Fund Management. 
2 The cumulative net asset value of investment funds with duplications managed by OTP Fund Management. 

In 2021, OTP Fund Management generated more than HUF 6 billion profit, 37% less than in 2020.  

The annual profit was shaped by the 31% y-o-y drop in fees and commissions, as the success fee revenues 
from funds with above-benchmark performance fell short of the 4Q 2020 level: while HUF 7.3 billion success 
fee was recorded in the 2020 base period, less than a third of that, HUF 1.9 billion was realized on the fund 
management activity in 2021.  

Last  year  the  other  income  dropped  by  18%  y-o-y  owing  to  two  factors:  the  revaluation  result  of  the 
investment units in the Company’s own books improved, which was offset by the decline in foreign exchange 
result.  

Last year 18% cost saving was achieved within that personnel expenses came down 21% y-o-y, in sync 
with the decline in bonus payments for funds’ performance.  

In 2021, the market of Hungarian investment funds was rather hectic: the accelerating inflation and interest 
rate hikes by the central banks transformed the structure of investment funds. Equity funds were the most 
successful  ones  last  year:  two  of  Hungary’s  top  three  equity  funds  by  assets  under  management,  OTP 
Quality Fund and OTP Climate Change Fund, are both managed by the Company. Although bond funds’ 
performance was adversely affected by the rising yield environment, the capital influx helped their volumes 
further  expand  y-o-y.  Overall,  regarding  the  whole  portfolio,  the  total  wealth  managed  by  OTP  Fund 
Management expanded further, by 25% y-o-y. 

The Company's markets share rose by 1.3 pps y-o-y, to 26.0% by end-December 2021, thus preserving its 
leadership in the securities funds market. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

MERKANTIL GROUP (HUNGARY) 

Performance of Merkantil Group: 

Main components of P&L account 

After tax profit without the effect of adjustments 

Income tax 
Profit before income tax 

Operating profit 
Total income 

Net interest income 
Net fees and commissions 
Other net non-interest income 

Operating expenses 

Total provisions 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses 
Other provision 

Main components of balance sheet  
closing balances 

Total assets 
Gross customer loans 
Gross customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Stage 1+2 customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Retail loans 
Corporate loans 
Leasing 

Allowances for possible loan losses 
Allowances for possible loan losses (FX-adjusted) 
Deposits from customers 
Deposits from customer (FX-adjusted) 

Retail deposits 
Corporate deposits 

Liabilities to credit institutions 
Total shareholders' equity 

Loan Quality 

Stage 1 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 2 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 3 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9  
Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses/average gross loans  
90+ days past due loan volume (in HUF million) 
90+ days past due loans/gross customer loans  

Performance Indicators 

ROA 
ROE 
Total income margin 
Net interest margin 
Operating costs / Average assets 
Cost/income ratio 

2020
HUF million 
7,661
(956)
8,617
10,280
21,283
17,688
40
3,555
(11,004)
(1,663)
(1,491)
(171)

2020

667,120
416,987
417,282
402,526
6,993
51,520
344,013
(12,874)
(12,888)
9,344
9,344
6,071
3,273
584,944
52,553
2020
343,668
82.4%
0.2%
58,592
14.1%
3.8%
14,727
3.5%
66.5%
0.38%
8,971
2.2%
2020
1.3%
15.7%
3.58%
2.97%
1.8%
51.7%

2021 

HUF million 

Change
% 

7,998 
(918) 
8,916 
11,961 
23,291 
20,680 
116 
2,495 
(11,330) 
(3,045) 
(3,093) 
48 

2021 

782,222 
444,549 
444,549 
431,714 
4,866 
46,870 
379,977 
(14,230) 
(14,230) 
8,198 
8,198 
5,166 
3,032 
688,675 
59,246 
2021 
334,732 
75.3% 
0.4% 
96,982 
21.8% 
5.3% 
12,836 
2.9% 
60.0% 
0.71% 
5,852 
1.3% 
2021 
1.0% 
14.3% 
3.05% 
2.71% 
1.5% 
48.6% 

4
(4)
3
16
9
17
187
(30)
3
83
107
(128)

%

17
7
7
7
(30)
(9)
10
11
10
(12)
(12)
(15)
(7)
18
13
%/pps
(3)
(7.1)
0.2
66
7.8
1.5
(13)
(0.6)
(6.5)
0.33
(35)
(0.8)
pps
(0.2)
(1.4)
(0.52)
(0.26)
(0.4)
(3.1)

The table presents the sub-consolidated performance of Merkantil Group, whose members are: Merkantil 
Bank Ltd., Merkantil Bérlet Ltd., NIMO 2002 Ltd., SPLC-P Ingatlanfejlesztő, Ingatlanhasznosító Ltd., SPLC 
Vagyonkezelő Ltd., and OTP Ingatlanlízing Ltd. 

In 2021, Merkantil Group posted HUF 8 billion adjusted after-tax profit, which brought its ROE to 14.3%. 
The 4% y-o-y profit growth stemmed from the 16% y-o-y improvement in operating profit, which was offset 
by the jump in risk costs.  

In 2021, net interest income grew by 17% y-o-y driven by the 7% y-o-y increase in performing loans and a 
32% surge in financial assets, while annual net interest margin declined by 26 bps y-o-y.  

Annual operating expenses rose by 3% y-o-y. Without the effect of the local business tax and innovation 
contribution being presented on the corporate income tax line instead of costs starting from 2021, this rate 
would  be  8%.  Most  of  the  underlying  cost  growth  could  be  attributed  to  personnel  and  vehicle-related 
expenses, as well as higher supervisory fees.  

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

In 2021 total risk costs amounted to -HUF 3 billion. This was predominantly the result of the revision of the 
IFRS  9  model  parameters,  and  of  the  additional  loan  loss  provisions  for  the  loans  that  remained  in  the 
extended moratorium from November 2021. Customers who had indicated their decision to remain in the 
moratorium were reclassified to riskier categories (Stage 2 or Stage 3), which resulted in additional loan loss 
provisions.  At  the  end  of  the  year,  Merkantil  Group’s  loan  volumes  that  participated  in  the  moratorium 
amounted to HUF 8.3 billion, which represented 2% of total gross loans.  

As a result, the ratio of Stage 3 loans was 2.9% as at the end of 2021, yet it fell by 0.6 pp y-o-y. The own 
provision coverage of Stage 3 loans dropped to 60.6%. The own provision coverage of Stage 2 loans stood 
at 5.4% (+1.6 pps y-o-y).  

The volume of 90 days past due loans fell by HUF 0.7 billion (FX-adjusted, without sales/write-offs) in 2021. 

FX-adjusted performing (Stage 1+2) loans increased by 7% y-o-y Its dynamics benefited from the central 
bank’s Funding for Growth Scheme Go! programme launched in April 2020, under which Merkantil Bank’s 
contracted amount hit HUF 74 billion. Due to the termination of FGS Go!, since the beginning of July 2021 
the government has been providing preferential, interest-subsidized funds to micro- and small enterprises 
through the KAVOSZ Széchenyi Card scheme. Under the programme, Merkantil Bank contracted more than 
HUF 32 billion in loans by the end of December. 

Merkantil Bank remained the market leader in both new loan placements and volumes. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

IFRS REPORTS OF THE MAIN FOREIGN SUBSIDIARIES OF OTP BANK 

DSK GROUP (BULGARIA) 

Performance of DSK Group: 

Main components of P&L account 

After tax profit without the effect of adjustments 

Income tax 
Profit before income tax 

Operating profit 
Total income 

Net interest income 
Net fees and commissions 
Other net non-interest income 

Operating expenses 

Total provisions 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses 
Other provision 

Main components of balance sheet  
closing balances 

Total assets 
Gross customer loans 
Gross customer loans (FX-adjusted) 
  Stage 1 + 2 customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Retail loans 
Corporate loans 
Car financing loans 

Allowances for possible loan losses 
Allowances for possible loan losses (FX-adjusted) 
Deposits from customers 
Deposits from customers (FX-adjusted) 

Retail deposits 
Corporate deposits 

Liabilities to credit institutions 
Total shareholders' equity 

Loan Quality 

Stage 1 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 2 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 3 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9  
Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses/average gross loans  
90+ days past due loan volume (in HUF million) 
90+ days past due loans/gross customer loans  

Performance Indicators  

ROA 
ROE 
Total income margin 
Net interest margin 
Operating costs / Average assets 
Cost/income ratio 
Net loans to deposits (FX-adjusted) 

HUF/BGN (closing) 
HUF/BGN (average) 

FX rates 

2020
HUF million
40,957
(3,707)
44,665
89,775
166,668
111,239
45,453
9,975
(76,893)
(45,110)
(44,875)
(235)

2021 
HUF million 
76,790 
(8,454) 
85,244 
106,241 
178,470 
112,869 
54,508 
11,093 
(72,230) 
(20,997) 
(18,938) 
(2,059) 

2020

2021 

4,283,625
2,634,870
2,663,462
2,466,457
1,375,184
913,099
178,174
(185,829)
(187,812)
3,587,364
3,642,801
3,056,883
585,918
17,010
620,379
2020
2,142,644
81.3%
1.0%
297,292
11.3%
12.6%
194,934
7.4%
65.6%
1.79%
126,242
4.8%
2020
1.0%
7.0%
4.13%
2.75%
1.9%
46.1%
68%
2020
HUF
186.7
177.9

4,627,132 
2,922,886 
2,922,886 
2,741,964 
1,609,216 
927,478 
205,270 
(193,180) 
(193,180) 
3,785,300 
3,785,300 
3,342,569 
442,730 
86,606 
699,375 
2021 
2,454,806 
84.0% 
1.0% 
287,157 
9.8% 
15.5% 
180,922 
6.2% 
68.2% 
0.70% 
114,362 
3.9% 
2021 
1.8% 
11.8% 
4.07% 
2.58% 
1.6% 
40.5% 
72% 
2021 
HUF 
188.7 
182.3 

Change
%
87
128
91
18
7
1
20
11
(6)
(53)
(58)
777

%

8
11
10
11
17
2
15
4
3
6
4
9
(24)
409
13
%/pps
15
2.7
0.1
(3)
(1.5)
2.9
(7)
(1.2)
2.5
(1.09)
(9)
(0.9)
pps
0.7
4.8
(0.05)
(0.18)
(0.3)
(5.7)
4
Change
%
1
2

In 2021, DSK Group reached HUF 76.8 billion cumulated  after-tax profit, 87% more than in 2020, due to 
improving operating results and lower risk costs.  

Annual operating profit grew by 18% y-o-y, mainly driven by a 20% surge in net fees and commissions. The 
improvement partly stemmed from a 6% y-o-y decline in operating expenses (in local currency terms): the 
cost synergies resulting from the integration of Expressbank were observable also in 2021, and the continuing 
decrease in average headcount brought down personnel costs. In 2021 the bank launched a comprehensive 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

project in order to transform its business and operational model, and develop its digital capabilities, which 
also supported the operational efficiency. 

With regard to the annual income, cumulated net interest income stagnated in BGN terms, as a joint result of 
the  18  bps  erosion  in  net  interest  margin  and  increasing  volumes.  Net  fee  income  grew  by  18%  in  local 
currency  last  year,  mainly  as  a  result  of  stronger  business  activity  and  the  introduction  of  new  fees  on 
deposits. Furthermore, fees related to loans and investment services also increased. 

The annual cost efficiency indicators showed an improving trend, with the cost-to-income ratio declining by 
5.7 pps to 40.5% and operating expenses/average assets ratio declining by 0.3 pp to 1.6%. 

Performing (Stage 1+2) loan volumes grew by 11% y-o-y (FX-adjusted). The retail loan book expanded by 
17% last year, supported by 29% y-o-y growth in new cash loan disbursement, as well as a 47% jump in 
mortgage loan disbursements. Performing corporate loan volumes rose by 2% last year.  

At the end of 2021, the bank’s market share by total asset value was 18.03%, which ranked it second on the 
market.  

In 2021, HUF 21 billion total risk cost weighed on profit, 53% less than in 2020. The 12-month credit risk cost 
ratio stood at 0.70% (-1.09 pps y-o-y).  

The ratio of Stage 2 loans declined by 1.5 pps (to 9.8%) from the previous year; the large corporate and the 
mortgage loan portfolios improved.   

Deposit volumes expanded by a total of 4% over the past 12 months. The FX-adjusted net loan/deposit ratio 
stood at 72% at the end of December. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
  
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

OTP BANK CROATIA 

Performance of OTP Bank Croatia: 

Main components of P&L account 

After tax profit without the effect of adjustments 

Income tax 
Profit before income tax 

Operating profit 
Total income 

Net interest income 
Net fees and commissions 
Other net non-interest income 

Operating expenses 

Total provisions 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses 
Other provision 

Main components of balance sheet  
closing balances 

Total assets 
Gross customer loans 
Gross customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Stage 1+2 customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Retail loans 
Corporate loans 
Leasing 

Allowances for possible loan losses 
Allowances for possible loan losses (FX-adjusted) 
Deposits from customers 
Deposits from customers (FX-adjusted) 

Retail deposits 
Corporate deposits 

Liabilities to credit institutions 
Total shareholders' equity 

Loan Quality 

Stage 1 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 2 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 3 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9  
Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses/average gross loans  
90+ days past due loan volume (in HUF million) 
90+ days past due loans/gross customer loans  

Performance Indicators  

ROA 
ROE 
Total income margin 
Net interest margin 
Operating costs / Average assets 
Cost/income ratio 
Net loans to deposits (FX-adjusted) 

HUF/HRK (closing) 
HUF/HRK (average) 

FX rates 

2020
HUF million
14,830
(2,771)
17,600
40,329
84,907
58,199
16,093
10,615
(44,578)
(22,728)
(19,491)
(3,238)

2020

2,325,669
1,642,170
1,664,491
1,519,909
770,976
640,362
108,572
(100,920)
(102,293)
1,634,652
1,664,844
1,255,438
409,406
287,647
328,165
2020
1,257,492
76.6%
0.8%
241,962
14.7%
5.7%
142,716
8.7%
53.9%
1.27%
68,712
4.2%
2020
0.7%
4.7%
3.93%
2.69%
2.06%
52.5%
94%
2020
HUF
48.4
46.6

2021 
HUF million 
33,448 
(7,618) 
41,065 
43,422 
88,736 
60,933 
18,183 
9,619 
(45,313) 
(2,357) 
1,767 
(4,124) 

2021 

2,576,445 
1,811,376 
1,811,376 
1,667,213 
875,737 
676,124 
115,351 
(109,575) 
(109,575) 
1,899,671 
1,899,671 
1,416,254 
483,417 
228,733 
351,023 
2021 
1,448,458 
80.0% 
0.6% 
218,754 
12.1% 
5.9% 
144,163 
8.0% 
61.4% 
(0.11%) 
73,826 
4.1% 
2021 
1.4% 
10.0% 
3.73% 
2.56% 
1.90% 
51.1% 
90% 
2021 
HUF 
49.1 
47.6 

Change
%
126
175
133
8
5
5
13
(9)
2
(90)
(109)
27

%

11
10
9
10
14
6
6
9
7
16
14
13
18
(20)
7
%/pps
15
3.4
(0.2)
(10)
(2.7)
0.1
1
(0.7)
7.5
(1.38)
7
(0.1)
pps
0.7
5.3
(0.20)
(0.13)
(0.16)
(1.4)
(4)
Change
%
2
2

The Croatian bank realized HUF 33.5 billion after-tax profit in 2021, more than doubling its profit y-o-y., This 
was  primarily  caused  by  a  favourable  development  in  credit  risk  costs,  but  operating  profit  also  improved 
(+8% y-o-y).  

Within annual income, net interest income expanded by 5%. The dynamic organic growth of loans was partly 
offset by a further erosion in net interest margin (-13 bps y-o-y).  

Net fees and commissions surged 13% y-o-y in 2021, mainly as a result of stronger economic activity and 
tourism, starting from the second quarter.  

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

Other income contracted by 9% y-o-y last year, largely because of the 31% q-o-q decline in the fourth quarter. 
The latter stemmed from the seasonally lower income from foreign currency exchange, as well as from the 
negative  revaluation  result  owing  to  an  IT-system-related  write-off  and  unfavourable  exchange  rate 
fluctuations. 

Operating expenses rose by 2% (but dropped by 1% in local currency) in 2021, thus cost efficiency indicators 
improved.  

In 2021, HUF 2.4 billion total risk cost weighed on profit, which was a tenth of what was recorded in the base 
year.  

In the past quarter, the share of Stage 3 loans in the portfolio sank to 8.0%, while their own provision coverage 
grew to 61.4% (+7.5 pps y-o-y). 

The volume of 90 days past due loans grew by HUF 8.7 billion (FX-adjusted, without sales/write-offs) in 2021. 
It was in 4Q when considerable non-performing loans were sold/written off last year (nearly HUF 4 billion, 
FX-adjusted). 

As to lending activity, performing (Stage 1+2) loans surged 10% y-o-y (FX-adjusted).  

In the retail segment, mortgage (+67% y-o-y) and cash (+40%) loan disbursement volumes grew dynamically. 
Despite  the  strong  fourth  quarter,  the  volume  of  corporate  loan  disbursement  contracted  by  6%  from  the 
previous year. 

The FX-adjusted deposit volumes increased by 14% compared to end-2020, largely driven by the corporate 
segment, but the growth in the on-demand retail deposits also continued. 

The Croatian bank's liquidity position remained stable; the net loan/deposit ratio stood at 90% at the end of 
December (-4 pps y-o-y).

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

OTP BANK SERBIA 

Performance of OTP Bank Serbia: 

Main components of P&L account 

After tax profit without the effect of adjustments 

Income tax 
Profit before income tax 

Operating profit 
Total income 

Net interest income 
Net fees and commissions 
Other net non-interest income 

Operating expenses 

Total provisions 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses 
Other provision 

Main components of balance sheet  
closing balances 

Total assets 
Gross customer loans 
Gross customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Stage 1+2 customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Retail loans 
Corporate loans 
Leasing 

Allowances for possible loan losses 
Allowances for possible loan losses (FX-adjusted) 
Deposits from customers 
Deposits from customers (FX-adjusted) 

Retail deposits 
Corporate deposits 

Liabilities to credit institutions 
Total shareholders' equity 

Loan Quality 

Stage 1 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 2 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 3 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9  
Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses/average gross loans  
90+ days past due loan volume (in HUF million) 
90+ days past due loans/gross customer loans  

Performance Indicators  

ROA 
ROE 
Total income margin 
Net interest margin 
Operating costs / Average assets 
Cost/income ratio 
Net loans to deposits (FX-adjusted) 

HUF/RSD (closing) 
HUF/RSD (average) 

FX rates 

2020
HUF million
7,298
(1,157)
8,455
35,898
79,001
59,514
14,766
4,721
(43,102)
(27,443)
(22,170)
(5,273)

2020

2,052,332
1,539,738
1,555,706
1,515,269
716,486
711,244
87,538
(43,597)
(44,054)
1,147,712
1,162,891
686,059
476,832
548,354
273,046
2020
1,367,313
88.8%
0.8%
132,427
8.6%
8.5%
39,998
2.6%
53.6%
1.62%
22,697
1.5%
2020
0.4%
2.7%
4.25%
3.20%
2.32%
54.6%
130%
2020
HUF
3.1
3.0

2021 
HUF million 
32,104 
(3,610) 
35,714 
40,754 
83,494 
62,497 
14,410 
6,586 
(42,740) 
(5,040) 
(387) 
(4,653) 

2021 

2,224,715 
1,715,347 
1,715,347 
1,665,924 
786,945 
794,091 
84,889 
(44,587) 
(44,587) 
1,238,864 
1,238,864 
750,275 
488,589 
584,453 
306,630 
2021 
1,542,170 
89.9% 
0.7% 
123,754 
7.2% 
6.1% 
49,423 
2.9% 
53.6% 
0.02% 
33,405 
1.9% 
2021 
1.6% 
11.4% 
4.07% 
3.05% 
2.09% 
51.2% 
135% 
2021 
HUF 
3.1 
3.0 

Change
%
340
212
322
14
6
5
(2)
40
(1)
(82)
(98)
(12)

%

8
11
10
10
10
12
(3)
2
1
8
7
9
2
7
12
%/pps
13
1.1
(0.1)
(7)
(1.4)
(2.4)
24
0.3
0.0
(1.59)
47
0.5
pps
1.2
8.6
(0.17)
(0.15)
(0.23)
(3.4)
5
Change
%
1
2

The Serbian banking group’s adjusted after-tax profit exceeded HUF 32 billion in 2021, almost 4.5 times more 
than in the previous year. This dynamic profit growth was largely the result of a sharp fall in risk costs, and 
14% improvement in operating profit.  

Following the financial closure of the second Serbian acquisition at the end of September 2019, the integration 
continued as  planned,  and  was successfully  accomplished  on  30  April  2021.  The  Serbian  operation's  total 
market share by balance sheet total jumped to 13.0% on pro forma basis (ranking No. 2), and it remained 
market leader in net loans (with 16.6% market share), according to the most recent data of end-September 
2021. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

The total network in Serbia consists of 187 branches. Since the end of September 2019, it has contracted by 
a total of 53 units. At the end of 2021 the network had 2,707 employees, 16% (525 workers) less than at the 
end of September 2019. 

Operating expenses in 2021 stagnated y-o-y in HUF but dropped by 3% in local currency. The Bank’s annual 
cost/income ratio improved by 3.4 pps y-o-y, to 51.2%.  

Both the full-year and the fourth-quarter changes in after-tax profit were largely shaped by the size of risk costs. 
In 2021, total risk cost volume fell by 82% y-o-y, from more than HUF 27 billion in the previous year. The 2021 
amount on the other risk cost line were mostly induced by legal disputes. 

In full year 2021, the income side grew by 6% y-o-y, supported by a 5% increase in net interest income, and a 
40% jump in other income. Annual net fees and commissions contracted by 2% from the previous year’s level. 

As regards loan quality, the share of Stage 3 loans in the whole portfolio was at 2.9% at the end of December 
(+0.3 pp y-o-y). The DPD90+ volume (FX-adjusted, without sales/write-offs) grew by a total of HUF 13 billion 
in 2021. This brought the DPD90+ ratio 0.5 pp higher, to 1.9% y-o-y by the end of December.  

Performing  (Stage  1+2)  loan  volumes  increased  by  10%  y-o-y  (FX-adjusted),  while  the  deposit  base 
increased by 7%. The bank’s net loan/deposit ratio rose in y-o-y terms, hitting 135%. 
In Serbia, borrowers could apply for the third phase of the loan moratorium until the end of April 2021; the 
moratorium (maximum six months from the date of entrance) ended at the end of October. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

SKB BANKA (SLOVENIA) 

Performance of SKB Banka (Slovenia): 

Main components of P&L account 

After tax profit without the effect of adjustments 

Income tax 
Profit before income tax 

Operating profit 
Total income 

Net interest income 
Net fees and commissions 
Other net non-interest income 

Operating expenses 

Total provisions 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses 
Other provision 

Main components of balance sheet  
closing balances 

Total assets 
Gross customer loans 
Gross customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Stage 1+2 customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Retail loans 
Corporate loans 
Leasing 

Allowances for possible loan losses 
Allowances for possible loan losses (FX-adjusted) 
Deposits from customers 
Deposits from customers (FX-adjusted) 

Retail deposits 
Corporate deposits 

Liabilities to credit institutions 
Total shareholders' equity 

Loan Quality 

Stage 1 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 2 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 3 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9  
Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses/average gross loans  
90+ days past due loan volume (in HUF million) 
90+ days past due loans/gross customer loans  

Performance Indicators  

ROA 
ROE 
Total income margin 
Net interest margin 
Operating costs / Average assets 
Cost/income ratio 
Net loans to deposits (FX-adjusted) 

HUF/EUR (closing) 
HUF/EUR (average) 

FX rates 

2020
HUF million
9,665
(2,439)
12,104
19,787
40,388
28,103
11,127
1,158
(20,601)
(7,683)
(6,244)
(1,440)

2020

1,353,772
909,439
919,331
905,333
507,762
230,038
167,533
(14,876)
(15,040)
1,136,666
1,150,365
985,148
165,217
29,524
166,124
2020
753,584
82.9%
0.5%
142,015
15.6%
4.3%
13,840
1.5%
36.3%
0.70%
3,620
0.4%
2020
0.8%
6.3%
3.18%
2.21%
1.62%
51.0%
79%
2020
HUF
365.1
351.2

2021 
HUF million 
16,822 
(3,838) 
20,660 
19,595 
42,354 
27,673 
13,258 
1,423 
(22,759) 
1,065 
1,819 
(754) 

2021 

1,433,206 
984,605 
984,605 
971,578 
475,971 
328,691 
166,915 
(16,271) 
(16,271) 
1,213,698 
1,213,698 
895,652 
318,046 
15,565 
179,515 
2021 
846,646 
86.0% 
0.3% 
124,932 
12.7% 
5.0% 
13,027 
1.3% 
56.1% 
(0.20%) 
4,353 
0.4% 
2021 
1.2% 
10.0% 
3.13% 
2.04% 
1.68% 
53.7% 
80% 
2021 
HUF 
369.0 
358.5 

Change
%
74
57
71
(1)
5
(2)
19
23
10

(48)

%

6
8
7
7
(6)
43
0
9
8
7
6
(9)
93
(47)
8
%/pps
12
3.1
(0.2)
(12)
(2.9)
0.7
(6)
(0.2)
19.8
(0.90)
20
0.0
pps
0.5
3.7
(0.05)
(0.17)
0.06
2.7
1
Change
%
1
2

In 2021, OTP’s Slovenian subsidiary generated HUF 16.8 billion adjusted profit, 74% more than in the base 
period. This substantial improvement was driven by the decline in risk costs. 

Operating profit was marginally smaller in 2021 than in the base period. The 5% growth in income largely 
stemmed from strong fees and commissions, mostly because of higher fee income from payment services 
and  from  deposits:  the  Bank  introduced  commissions  for  corporate  and  retail  deposits  above  a  certain 
amount. Full-year net interest income dropped by 4% in local currency as the growth in business volumes 
was offset by the 17 bps y-o-y erosion of net interest margin, to 2.04%, owing to the strong competition and 
the low interest rate environment. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

Operating  expenses  increased  by  10%  last  year,  mostly  because  of  higher  personnel  expenses  and 
administrative costs: annual supervisory costs rose, as did IT spending; amortization stagnated. 

The favourable development of the quality of the loan portfolio throughout the year enabled the release of 
provisions for loan losses and resulted in moderate risk cost. 

At the end of 2021, the ratio of Stage 3 loans (1.3%) improved by 0.2 pp y-o-y. The own provision coverage 
of Stage 3 loans grew by almost 20 pps y-o-y, to 56.1%, thus it is already nearing the Group average.  

The performing loan volumes grew by 7% y-o-y. One reason for the y-o-y increase in corporate deposits 
and loans was the change in the definition of the MSE and corporate segments in 3Q 2021 (just like in 1Q), 
thus  part  of  the  MSE  loan  stock  (customers  above  a  certain  annual  income)  was  reclassified  into  the 
corporate segment. 

Mortgage loan volumes grew by 8% y-o-y, disbursements jumped by more than 70%. Corporate loans and 
credit card loan volumes surged by double-digit rates y-o-y. 

The bank’s market share in cash loans improved y-o-y, but it slightly declined in mortgage and corporate 
loans, owing to the strong price competition. 

The FX-adjusted deposit book expanded by 6% y-o-y. The net-loan-to-deposit ratio stood at 80% at the end 
of the quarter (+1 pp y-o-y). 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

OTP BANK ROMANIA  

Performance of OTP Bank Romania: 

Main components of P&L account 

After tax profit without the effect of adjustments 

Income tax 
Profit before income tax 

Operating profit 
Total income 

Net interest income 
Net fees and commissions 
Other net non-interest income 

Operating expenses 

Total provisions 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses 
Other provision 

Main components of balance sheet  
closing balances 

Total assets 
Gross customer loans 
Gross customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Stage 1+2 customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Retail loans 
Corporate loans 
Leasing 

Allowances for possible loan losses 
Allowances for possible loan losses (FX-adjusted) 
Deposits from customers 
Deposits from customers (FX-adjusted) 

Retail deposits 
Corporate deposits 

Liabilities to credit institutions 
Total shareholders' equity 

Loan Quality 

Stage 1 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 2 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 3 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9  
Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses/average gross loans  
90+ days past due loan volume (in HUF million) 
90+ days past due loans/gross customer loans  

Performance Indicators 

ROA 
ROE 
Total income margin 
Net interest margin 
Operating costs / Average assets 
Cost/income ratio 
Net loans to deposits (FX-adjusted) 

HUF/RON (closing) 
HUF/RON (average) 

FX rates 

2020
HUF million
1,558
91
1,467
11,811
43,748
32,739
3,813
7,195
(31,937)
(10,344)
(7,840)
(2,504)

2020

1,162,183
861,393
863,037
806,492
552,550
216,060
37,881
(48,174)
(48,519)
710,047
712,274
508,556
203,718
284,173
127,238
2020
690,664
80.2%
1.0%
114,615
13.3%
9.0%
56,113
6.5%
54.6%
0.99%
38,713
4.5%
2020
0.1%
1.3%
4.18%
3.13%
3.05%
73.0%
114%
2020
HUF
75.0
72.6

2021 
HUF million 
4,253 
(1,444) 
5,697 
8,937 
46,699 
36,270 
4,143 
6,285 
(37,762) 
(3,240) 
(6,821) 
3,581 

2021 

1,438,484 
1,035,400 
1,035,400 
976,556 
500,791 
429,245 
46,520 
(54,780) 
(54,780) 
830,717 
830,717 
436,727 
393,990 
402,553 
164,914 
2021 
826,518 
79.8% 
1.0% 
150,038 
14.5% 
8.4% 
58,844 
5.7% 
57.5% 
0.74% 
35,921 
3.5% 
2021 
0.3% 
3.0% 
3.75% 
2.92% 
3.04% 
80.9% 
118% 
2021 
HUF 
74.6 
72.8 

Change
%
173

288
(24)
7
11
9
(13)
18
(69)
(13)
(243)

%

24
20
20
21
(9)
99
23
14
13
17
17
(14)
93
42
30
%/pps
20
(0.4)
0.0
31
1.2
(0.6)
5
(0.8)
2.9
(0.25)
(7)
(1.0)
pps
0.2
1.8
(0.43)
(0.21)
(0.02)
7.9
4
Change
%
(1)
0

In 2021 OTP Bank Romania generated HUF 4.3 billion after-tax profit, which is consistent with 3% ROE. 
The tripling annual profit benefited from the 69% fall in risk costs.  

The annual operating profit dropped by 24%, as a result of y-o-y 7% higher total income, and 18% growth 
in operating expenses.  

The  twelve-month  net  interest  income  surged  10%  y-o-y  in  local  currency.  The  annual  dynamics  was 
supported by the vigorous, 21% growth in performing (Stage 1+2) loan volumes, while net interest margin 
shrank by 21 bps y-o-y.  

Operating  expenses  surged  by  18%  y-o-y.  Most  of  the  higher  costs  stemmed  from  the  growth  strategy 
launched in 2019. The increase in personnel expenses was partly the result of the 8% y-o-y growth in the 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

average number of employees and wage hikes. The higher depreciation was due to the CAPEX requirement 
of  developments,  in  line  with  the  growth  strategy.  Within  other  expenses,  supervisory  fees  grew  at  the 
strongest rate (+HUF 0.7 billion y-o-y). 

In 2021, total risk cost amounted to -HUF 3.2 billion. The 69% y-o-y decline stemmed from the lower credit 
risk cost than in the base period, and from the release of other provisions.  

As  to  loan  quality,  the  volume  of  90  days  past  due  loans  fell  by  HUF  1  billion  (FX-adjusted,  without 
sales/write-offs) last year. The ratio of Stage 3 loans declined by 1.4 pps y-o-y, to 5.7%, their own provision 
coverage stood at 57.5% at the end of 2021 (+2.9 pps y-o-y). The ratio of Stage 2 loans fell by 1.2 pps y-o-
y, to 14.5%. The growth was driven by the revision of IFRS model parameters, during which a substantial 
retail volume was reclassified as Stage 2. The own provision coverage of Stage 2 loans edged higher (+0.6 
pp y-o-y), and stood at 8.4% at the end of 2021. 

As to business activity, both new placements and volumes grew dynamically, in accordance with the Bank’s 
strategy. In 2021, mortgage loan placements increased by 25% y-o-y. Performing (Stage 1+2) loan volumes 
rose by 21% y-o-y (FX-adjusted). In the third quarter of 2021, group-level definitions were adopted for MSE 
and large corporate loans. As a result, certain exposures were reclassified between the two categories. 

Despite the successful deposit-taking (+17% y-o-y; FX-adjusted), the net loan/deposit ratio grew by 4 pps 
y-o-y, to 118%. 

The 30% y-o-y increase in total shareholders’ equity was largely the result of the capital increases by the 
parent bank (RON 250 million in March and RON 200 million in December). 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

OTP BANK UKRAINE 

Performance of OTP Bank Ukraine: 

Main components of P&L account 

After tax profit without the effect of adjustments 

Income tax 
Profit before income tax 

Operating profit 
Total income 

Net interest income 
Net fees and commissions 
Other net non-interest income 

Operating expenses 

Total provisions 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses 
Other provision 

Main components of balance sheet  
closing balances 

Total assets 
Gross customer loans 
Gross customer loans (FX-adjusted) 
  Stage 1 + 2 customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Retail loans 
Corporate loans 
Car financing loans 

Allowances for possible loan losses 
Allowances for possible loan losses (FX-adjusted) 
Deposits from customers 
Deposits from customers (FX-adjusted) 

Retail deposits 
Corporate deposits 

Liabilities to credit institutions 
Total shareholders' equity 

Loan Quality 

Stage 1 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 2 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 3 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9  
Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses/average gross loans  
90+ days past due loan volume (in HUF million) 
90+ days past due loans/gross customer loans  

Performance Indicators  

ROA 
ROE 
Total income margin 
Net interest margin 
Operating costs / Average assets 
Cost/income ratio 
Net loans to deposits (FX-adjusted) 

HUF/UAH (closing) 
HUF/UAH (average) 

FX rates 

2020
HUF million
26,104
(5,485)
31,589
42,030
67,385
48,581
13,540
5,264
(25,355)
(10,441)
(6,286)
(4,155)

2021 
HUF million 
39,024 
(8,242) 
47,266 
54,760 
83,567 
62,051 
14,494 
7,022 
(28,806) 
(7,494) 
(5,827) 
(1,667) 

2020

729,012
443,031
491,631
440,021
90,510
227,872
121,640
(46,200)
(51,699)
493,884
546,495
244,679
301,815
91,059
117,071
2020
365,266
82.4%
1.9%
31,726
7.2%
15.9%
46,039
10.4%
74.3%
1.39%
28,401
6.4%
2020
3.8%
23.0%
9.78%
7.05%
3.68%
37.6%
81%
2020
HUF
10.5
11.4

2021 

983,557 
662,173 
662,173 
620,582 
115,140 
341,118 
164,324 
(47,830) 
(47,830) 
671,002 
671,002 
275,196 
395,805 
115,714 
159,756 
2021 
576,876 
87.1% 
1.9% 
43,707 
6.6% 
18.5% 
41,590 
6.3% 
69.6% 
1.09% 
21,914 
3.3% 
2021 
4.7% 
28.8% 
10.06% 
7.47% 
3.47% 
34.5% 
92% 
2021 
HUF 
11.9 
11.1 

Change
%
49
50
50
30
24
28
7
33
14
(28)
(7)
(60)

%

35
49
35
41
27
50
35
4
(7)
36
23
12
31
27
36
%/pps
58
4,7
0,0
38
(0,6)
2,6
(10)
(4,1)
(4,8)
(0,30)
(23)
(3,1)
pps
0.9
5.8
0.28
0.42
(0.21)
(3.2)
11
Change
%
14
(3)

OTP Bank Ukraine's financial figures in HUF terms were affected by the UAH/HUF exchange rate moves: by 
the  end  of  4Q  2021,  the hryvnia  appreciated  by  14%  y-o-y  and  by  2%  q-o-q  against  the  HUF.  The  UAH’s 
annual average exchange rate weakened 3%. Therefore, the balance sheet and P&L dynamics in HUF terms 
differ from the ones expressed in local currency. 

OTP Bank Ukraine generated HUF 39 billion after-tax profit in 2021. Most of the 49% y-o-y growth stemmed 
from a 30% y-o-y improvement in operating profit. This was a result of a dynamic growth in income (+24%  
y-o-y  in  HUF  terms),  including  the  outstanding  28%  growth  of  net  interest  income.  All  this  offset  the  14% 
increase in operating expenses, which was fuelled by a hike in personnel expenses. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

The  Ukrainian  base  rate  grew  by  a  total  of  300  bps,  to  9%  in  2021.  The  rising  interest  rate  environment 
supported the steady improvement of net interest margin, which grew by 42 bps y-o-y, to 7.47%.  

The Ukrainian operation could further improve its cost efficiency: the cost/income ratio sank by 3.2 pps y-o-y, 
to 34.5%, as did the ratio of operating expenses to average balance sheet total, compared to the previous year 
(to  3.4%).  Based  on  average  shareholders’  equity  and  twelve-month  profit  in  2021,  ROE  was  28.8%,  the 
highest ratio in the Group again. 

Total risk costs fell 28% y-o-y, to -HUF 7.5 billion in full year 2021. The annual risk cost rate stood at 1.09%. 
Owing to the improved loan quality, the volume of 90 days past due loans fell by HUF 6.5 billion (FX-adjusted, 
without sales/write-offs). 

Loan sales grew robustly in 2021. The FX-adjusted volume of performing (Stage 1+2) loans expanded by 41% 
last year, owing to a 50% jump in corporate loans, and a 27% surge in retail loans. Leasing activity was likewise 
strong in 2021, growing by 35% y-o-y. Thanks to the steady improvement in consumer loan sales, the Ukrainian 
bank could increase its market share in this segment, as well as in the performing corporate loan market.  

While loan volumes increased, the Ukrainian operation's liquidity position remained stable; the net loan/deposit 
ratio remained stable at 92%.

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

OTP BANK RUSSIA 

Performance of OTP Bank Russia 

Main components of P&L account 

After tax profit without the effect of adjustments 

Income tax 
Profit before income tax 
Operating profit 
Total income 

Net interest income 
Net fees and commissions 
Other net non-interest income 

Operating expenses 

Total provisions 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses 
Other provision 

Main components of balance sheet  
closing balances 

Total assets 
Gross customer loans 
Gross customer loans (FX-adjusted) 
Stage 1 + 2 customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Retail loans 
Corporate loans 

Allowances for possible loan losses 
Allowances for possible loan losses (FX-adjusted) 
Deposits from customers 
Deposits from customers (FX-adjusted) 
 Retail deposits 

Corporate deposits 

Liabilities to credit institutions 
Subordinated debt 
Total shareholders' equity 

Loan Quality 

Stage 1 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 2 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 3 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9  
Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses/average gross loans  
90+ days past due loan volume (in HUF million) 
90+ days past due loans/gross customer loans  

Performance Indicators  

ROA 
ROE 
Total income margin 
Net interest margin 
Operating costs / Average assets 
Cost/income ratio 
Net loans to deposits (FX-adjusted) 

HUF/RUB (closing) 
HUF/RUB (average) 

FX rates 

2020
HUF million
16.317
(5.092)
21.409
65.068
123.198
99.872
22.503
823
(58.130)
(43.659)
(41.160)
(2.499)

2020

688,980
597,849
656,236
564,686
486,612
78,074
(127,598)
(140,026)
350,608
383,877
315,780
68,097
90,852
22,580
183,402
2020
447,094
74.8%
4.6%
67,394
11.3%
43.1%
83,361
13.9%
93.4%
6.36%
77,929
13.0%
2020
2.1%
8.9%
16.03%
13.00%
7.56%
47.2%
134%
2020
HUF
4.0
4.3

2021 
HUF million 
37.624 
(9.690) 
47.313 
62.368 
118.158 
91.364 
25.728 
1.066 
(55.790) 
(15.055) 
(13.075) 
(1.979) 

2021 

799,965 
753,373 
753,373 
667,347 
542,886 
124,461 
(131,878) 
(131,878) 
411,633 
411,633 
307,663 
103,970 
85,485 
8,842 
240,724 
2021 
576,404 
76.5% 
3.8% 
90,944 
12.1% 
31.1% 
86,025 
11.4% 
95.1% 
2.05% 
87,550 
11.6% 
2021 
5.4% 
18.2% 
17.02% 
13.16% 
8.04% 
47.2% 
151% 
2021 
HUF 
4.4 
4.1 

Change
%
131
90
121
(4)
(4)
(9)
14
30
(4)
(66)
(68)
(21)

%

16
26
15
18
12
59
3
(6)
17
7
(3)
53
(6)
(61)
31
%/pps
29
1.7
(0.9)
35
0.8
(12.0)
3
(2.5)
1.7
(4.31)
12
(1.4)
pps
3.3
9.3
0.99
0.16
0.47
0.0
17
Change
%
10
(4)

OTP Bank Russia's financial figures in HUF terms were affected by the HUF/RUB exchange rate's moves: 
in 4Q 2021, the rouble's closing exchange rate against the forint appreciated by 2% q-o-q, and 10% y-o-y. 
The annual average exchange rate weakened 4% y-o-y. Therefore, the balance sheet and the P&L dynamics 
in HUF terms differ from the ones expressed in local currency. 

OTP Bank Russia posted HUF 37.6 billion profit in 2021, 131% more than in the base period.  

The bank’s operating profit in local currency stagnated from the previous year, just like operating expenses. 
In RUB terms, 2021 total income did not change from 2020, because the 19% y-o-y growth in net fees and 
commissions offset the 5% contraction in net interest income. Net interest income was adversely affected 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

by the lower average interest rate on loans (in part because of the strong competition, partly because of 
regulatory reasons, partly because of composition effect), and this led to lower interest income on loans, 
despite growing volumes. Net interest margin crawled up y-o-y last year, partially supported by the overall 
decline in deposit interest expenses. The yield environment grew over the past year: the base rate increased 
by a total of 425 bps, to 8.5%.  

Operating  expenses  stagnated  y-o-y  in  RUB.  The  annual  cost/income  ratio  was  47.2%,  similar  to  the 
previous year.  

Risk costs fell by 66% y-o-y 2021, owing to the pandemic-induced loan loss provisions set aside in the base 
period, the favourable portfolio quality trend in 2021, and the release of provisions owing to the revision of 
the IFRS 9 depreciation model parameters in 4Q 2021.  

The ratio of Stage 3 loans declined by 2.5 pps, to 11.4%, while that of Stage 1 loans upped by 1.7 pps, to 
76.5%. The credit risk cost ratio dropped by 4.31 pps, to 2.05% y-o-y.  

The performing (Stage 1+2) loan volume expanded by 18% y-o-y (FX-adjusted), bolstered by the 12% retail 
and 59% corporate volume growth rates. During 2021, the composition of the portfolio shifted towards lower-
margin corporate loans and car financing, while the ratio of retail consumer loans with higher risk profile 
dropped.  New  retail  loan  disbursements  in  2021  were  28%  higher  y-o-y  than  in  the  previous  year, while 
interest rates headed down.  

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

CKB GROUP (MONTENEGRO) 

Performance of CKB Group: 

Main components of P&L account 

After tax profit without the effect of adjustments 

Income tax 
Profit before income tax 

Operating profit 
Total income 

Net interest income 
Net fees and commissions 
Other net non-interest income 

Operating expenses 

Total provisions 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses 
Other provision 

Main components of balance sheet  
closing balances  

Total assets 
Gross customer loans 
Gross customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Stage 1+2 customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Retail loans 
Corporate loans 

Allowances for possible loan losses 
Allowances for possible loan losses (FX-adjusted) 
Deposits from customers 
Deposits from customers (FX-adjusted) 

Retail deposits 
Corporate deposits 

Liabilities to credit institutions 
Total shareholders' equity 

Loan Quality 

Stage 1 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 2 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 3 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9  
Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses/average gross loans  
90+ days past due loan volume (in HUF million) 
90+ days past due loans/gross customer loans  

Performance Indicators  

ROA 
ROE 
Total income margin 
Net interest margin 
Operating costs / Average assets 
Cost/income ratio 
Net loans to deposits (FX-adjusted) 

HUF/EUR (closing) 
HUF/EUR (average) 

FX rates 

2020
HUF million
4,307
(302)
4,609
8,353
22,095
17,188
4,446
461
(13,743)
(3,743)
(3,434)
(309)

2021 
HUF million 
4,140 
(817) 
4,957 
10,240 
22,046 
16,553 
4,880 
613 
(11,805) 
(5,283) 
647 
(5,930) 

2020

477,676
362,067
365,907
339,502
164,896
174,606
(24,510)
(24,772)
324,671
329,051
216,100
112,951
58,967
76,556
2020
294,548
81.4%
1.3%
41,390
11.4%
9.3%
26,129
7.2%
63.9%
0.99%
17,538
4.8%
2020
0.9%
6.0%
4.70%
3.65%
2.92%
62.2%
104%
2020
HUF
365.1
351.2

2021 

513,522 
366,369 
366,369 
340,776 
162,018 
178,758 
(23,504) 
(23,504) 
386,572 
386,572 
235,340 
151,232 
19,698 
82,029 
2021 
280,910 
76.7% 
1.0% 
59,866 
16.3% 
6.5% 
25,593 
7.0% 
66.0% 
(0.18%) 
16,472 
4.5% 
2021 
0.9% 
5.2% 
4.62% 
3.47% 
2.48% 
53.5% 
89% 
2021 
HUF 
369.0 
358.5 

Change
%
(4)
170
8
23
0
(4)
10
33
(14)
41
(119)

%

8
1
0
0
(2)
2
(4)
(5)
19
17
9
34
(67)
7
%/pps
(5)
(4.7)
(0.4)
45
4.9
(2.8)
(2)
(0.2)
2.1
(1.17)
(6)
(0.3)
pps
0.0
(0.7)
(0.08)
(0.18)
(0.45)
(8.6)
(15)
Change
%
1
2

In full year 2021, the Montenegrin CKB Group generated HUF 4.1 billion adjusted profit, which marked a 
4% y-o-y decrease compared to the base period.  

The twelve-month operating profit grew by 23% y-o-y as operating expenses fell by 14%, while income was 
stable. One reason for the lower operating expenses was the synergies from the merger of the acquired 
Podgoricka banka: average headcount fell by 155 y-o-y, and the number of branches dropped to 34, from 
48  at  the  end  of  3Q  2020.  Marketing,  real  estate-related,  and  hardware  costs  also  subsided.  Thus,  the 
twelve-month cost/income ratio (53.5%) improved by 8.6 pps y-o-y.  

Full-year  total  income  declined  by  1%  in  local  currency:  owing  to  the  narrowing  margins  the  net  interest 
income  fell  5%,  while  net fees and commissions  grew  by 8%  as  tourism re-started  and  business activity 
intensified. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

Total risk cost  in 2021  increased  41%  y-o-y,  primarily  due  to other risk costs generated  in relation  to an 
operational risk event. 

Performing (Stage 1+2) loans stayed flat y-o-y (FX-adjusted). In y-o-y comparison: cash loan disbursement 
grew by 11%, while mortgage loans increased by 27%.  

In full year 2021, the volume of DPD90+ loans dropped by HUF 0.3 billion (FX-adjusted, without sales and 
write-offs). The DPD90+ ratio (4.5%) declined 0.3 pp y-o-y, simultaneously with the sale/write-off of the HUF 
1 billion ) worth of non-performing loans in 2021. At the end of 2021, the ratio of Stage 3 loans was 7.0% (-
0.2 pp y-o-y); their own coverage stood at 66%.  

The FX-adjusted deposit book expanded by 17% y-o-y. The net loan/deposit ratio stood at 89% at the end 
of the year (-15 pps y-o-y). 

At the end of December 2021, the total market share of OTP Group's Montenegrin operation by balance 
sheet total was 26.8%. The Bank retained its market leading position in Montenegro. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

OTP BANK ALBANIA  

Performance of OTP Bank Albania: 

Main components of P&L account 

After tax profit without the effect of adjustments 

Income tax 
Profit before income tax 

Operating profit 
Total income 

Net interest income 
Net fees and commissions 
Other net non-interest income 

Operating expenses 

Total provisions 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses 
Other provision 

Main components of balance sheet  
closing balances  

Total assets 
Gross customer loans 
Gross customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Stage 1+2 customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Retail loans 
Corporate loans 
Leasing 

Allowances for possible loan losses 
Allowances for possible loan losses (FX-adjusted) 
Deposits from customers 
Deposits from customers (FX-adjusted) 

Retail deposits 
Corporate deposits 

Liabilities to credit institutions 
Total shareholders' equity 

Loan Quality 

Stage 1 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 2 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 3 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9  
Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses/average gross loans  
90+ days past due loan volume (in HUF million) 
90+ days past due loans/gross customer loans  

Performance Indicators  

ROA 
ROE 
Total income margin 
Net interest margin 
Operating costs / Average assets 
Cost/income ratio 
Net loans to deposits (FX-adjusted) 

HUF/ALL (closing) 
HUF/ALL (average) 

FX rates 

2020
HUF million
1,959
(489)
2,448
5,904
11,597
9,824
1,278
495
(5,693)
(3,455)
(2,515)
(940)

2021 
HUF million 
5,522 
(986) 
6,508 
7,213 
13,398 
10,619 
1,843 
936 
(6,186) 
(705) 
(880) 
175 

2020

286,606
180,815
185,390
179,767
83,135
93,097
3,536
(8,089)
(8,285)
214,808
220,322
184,605
35,717
37,151
28,781
2020
143,701
79.5%
1.3%
31,620
17.5%
10.4%
5,494
3.0%
54.2%
1.55%
3,984
2.2%
2020
0.7%
7.3%
4.32%
3.66%
2.12%
49.1%
80%
2020
HUF
3.0
2.8

2021 

350,848 
219,890 
219,890 
212,699 
84,207 
124,691 
3,801 
(10,096) 
(10,096) 
251,270 
251,270 
210,200 
41,070 
53,257 
35,134 
2021 
191,308 
87.0% 
1.2% 
21,391 
9.7% 
11.4% 
7,190 
3.3% 
73.3% 
0.46% 
3,624 
1.6% 
2021 
1.8% 
17.6% 
4.43% 
3.51% 
2.05% 
46.2% 
83% 
2021 
HUF 
3.1 
2.9 

Change
%
182
102
166
22
16
8
44
89
9
(80)
(65)
(119)

%

22
22
19
18
1
34
7
25
22
17
14
14
15
43
22
%/pps
33
7.5
0.0
(32)
(7.8)
1.0
31
0.2
19.1
(1.08)
(9)
(0.6)
pps
1.1
10.3
0.11
(0.15)
(0.08)
(2.9)
3
Change
%
4
3

On  6  December  2021,  OTP  Bank  announced  to  purchase  a  100%  stake  in  Alpha  Bank  Albania,  for  
EUR 55 million, which corresponds to a price / end of 2020 book value of 0.7. The closure of the transaction 
is expected in 2Q 2022, depending on regulatory approvals, therefore Alpha Bank Albania’s figures were 
not consolidated until the end of 2021. 

OTP Bank Albania generated HUF 5.5 billion after-tax profit in full year 2021; it has nearly tripled y-o-y. 

In 2021, operating profit grew by 22% y-o-y, supported by 16% expansion in total income, while operating 
expenses increased by 9%.  

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

The  8%  expansion  in  annual  net  interest  income  was  driven  by  volume  growth,  while  interest  margin 
narrowed. The 44% y-o-y jump in annual net fees and commissions can be put down to higher fee income 
from bank card  transactions  and  from loan-related  fees. The reason  for  the  y-o-y jump  in other  net non-
interest  income  was  a  technical  one:  the  full-year  revaluation  gain  on  foreign  currency-denominated 
provisions due to exchange rate fluctuations was reclassified from risk costs to other income in 3Q. This 
move  is neutral  to  the  net  result, and  the presentation of  this  item  is  thus  in  line  with  the practice of  the 
Group’s other subsidiaries. 

The 9% y-o-y jump in annual operating expenses was influenced by higher personnel cost and depreciation, 
as well as rising supervisory fees among other expenses.  

Annual total credit risk cost amounted to -HUF 0.7 billion, in 80% y-o-y slump.  

In  full  year  2021,  the  volume  of  DPD90+  loans  (FX-adjusted,  without  sales  and  write-offs)  dropped  by  
HUF 0.4 billion. 

The ratio of Stage 3 loans upped by 0.2 pp y-o-y to 3.3% by the end of 2021. The own provision coverage 
of  Stage  3  loans  increased  by  19.1  pps  y-o-y  to  73.3%.  The  ratio  of  Stage  2  loans  dropped  by  7.8  pps  
y-o-y; their own provision coverage was 11.4% at the end of 2021.  

The FX-adjusted performing (Stage 1+2) loan volume expanded by 18% y-o-. In the third quarter of 2021, 
group-level definitions were introduced for MSE and large corporate loans. As a result, some volumes were 
reclassified between the two categories in the third quarter.  

The net loan/deposit ratio stood at 83% at the end of December 2021.  

Based on  its  balance sheet  total,  the market share  of OTP’s  Albanian  operation was  6.4%  at  the  end  of 
December 2021; this ranks it the fifth biggest bank in the country 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

OTB BANK MOLDOVA  

Performance of OTB Bank Moldova: 

Main components of P&L account 

After tax profit without the effect of adjustments 

Income tax 
Profit before income tax 

Operating profit 
Total income 

Net interest income 
Net fees and commissions 
Other net non-interest income 

Operating expenses 

Total provisions 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses 
Other provision 

Main components of balance sheet  
closing balances  

Total assets 
Gross customer loans 
Gross customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Stage 1+2 customer loans (FX-adjusted) 

Retail loans 
Corporate loans 
Leasing 

Allowances for possible loan losses 
Allowances for possible loan losses (FX-adjusted) 
Deposits from customers 
Deposits from customers (FX-adjusted) 

Retail deposits 
Corporate deposits 

Liabilities to credit institutions 
Total shareholders' equity 

Loan Quality 

Stage 1 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 1 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 2 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 2 loans under IFRS 9  
Stage 3 loan volume under IFRS 9 (in HUF million) 
Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9/gross customer loans  
Own coverage of Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9  
Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses/average gross loans  
90+ days past due loan volume (in HUF million) 
90+ days past due loans/gross customer loans  

Performance Indicators  

ROA 
ROE 
Total income margin 
Net interest margin 
Operating costs / Average assets 
Cost/income ratio 
Net loans to deposits (FX-adjusted) 

HUF/MDL (closing) 
HUF/MDL (average) 

FX rates 

2020
HUF million
3,973
(540)
4,513
7,707
14,596
8,889
2,137
3,570
(6,889)
(3,193)
(2,695)
(499)

2021 
HUF million 
5,858 
(802) 
6,660 
7,835 
15,271 
9,698 
2,344 
3,230 
(7,437) 
(1,175) 
(663) 
(512) 

2020

249,921
132,081
138,650
134,504
72,740
58,146
3,618
(4,578)
(4,804)
203,176
213,302
139,838
73,465
5,906
37,287
2020
121,459
92.0%
1.1%
6,670
5.1%
19.5%
3,952
3.0%
48.0%
2.23%
2,109
1.6%
2020
1.7%
10.7%
6.24%
3.80%
2.95%
47.2%
63%
2020
HUF
17.3
17.8

2021 

310,511 
166,573 
166,573 
163,525 
90,473 
69,231 
3,820 
(5,020) 
(5,020) 
247,610 
247,610 
160,603 
87,008 
15,886 
42,701 
2021 
153,157 
91.9% 
1.3% 
10,368 
6.2% 
13.6% 
3,048 
1.8% 
54.3% 
0.46% 
2,164 
1.3% 
2021 
2.2% 
15.2% 
5.86% 
3.72% 
2.85% 
48.7% 
65% 
2021 
HUF 
18.4 
17.2 

Change
%
47
48
48
2
5
9
10
(10)
8
(63)
(75)
3

%

24
26
20
22
24
19
6
10
5
22
16
15
18
169
15
%/pps
26
0.0
0.1
55
1.2
(5.9)
(23)
(1.2)
6.3
(1.76)
3
(0.3)
pps
0.5
4.5
(0.39)
(0.08)
(0.09)
1.5
2
Change
%
6
(4)

In full year 2021, OTP Bank Moldova contributed to OTP Group's performance by HUF 5.9 billion profit. 
This is consistent with 47% y-o-y improvement, mostly caused by lower risk costs. ROE rose by 4.5 pps, to 
15.2% in 2021.  

In  2021  operating  profit  rose  by  2%  y-o-y,  driven  by  a  5%  increase  in  total  income;  operating  expenses 
surged 8%. Of core banking incomes, net interest income grew by 9% and net fees jumped by 10% y-o-y, 
which was related to revenues from cash and card transactions. 

Other  net  non-interest  income  dropped  by  6%  y-o-y  in  local  currency,  owing  to  lower  gains  on  foreign 
currency exchange in 2021.  

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

The 8% y-o-y rise in twelve-month operating expenses was caused by fees paid to supervisory authorities12, 
as well as by the 8% increase in average headcount, and the resulting higher personnel expenses. 

In 2021, total risk cost fell by 63% y-o-y, as a result of the base effect of the loan loss provisions necessitated 
by the pandemic in 2020.  

In full-year 2021, the DPD90+ loan portfolio stagnated (FX-adjusted, without the impact of sales and write-
offs). The ratio of Stage 3 loans was 1.8% (-1.2 pps y-o-y) at the end of 2021. The own provision coverage 
of Stage 3 loans was 54.3%.   

In 2021 the FX-adjusted stock of performing (Stage 1+2) loans expanded by 22% y-o-y. Within that, retail 
loans  jumped  by  24%,  and  corporate  loans  surged  by  19%.  In  the  third  quarter  of  2021,  group-level 
definitions were introduced for MSE and large corporate loans. As a result, some volumes were reclassified 
between the two categories.  

The  FX-adjusted  deposit  volume  grew  by  16%  y-o-y.  The  net  loan/deposit  stood  at  65%  at  the  end  of 
December, which is consistent 2 pps y-o-y growth. 

Based on total assets, the market share of OTP’s Moldavian operation was 14.2% at the end of December 
2021; this ranks it the third biggest bank in Moldova.  

12In 2021, payments were made not only the Deposit Protection Fund, but also to the Resolution Fund established in 2020, which had stipulated lower 
contribution in the base period. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
                                           
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

STAFF LEVEL AND OTHER INFORMATION 

31/12/2020 

31/12/2021 

OTP Core 

DSK Group (Bulgaria) 
OBH (Croatia) 
OTP Bank Serbia 
SKB Banka (Slovenia) 
OTP Bank Romania 
OTP Bank Ukraine  
(w/o employed agents) 
OTP Bank Russia  
(w/o employed agents) 
CKB Group (Montenegro) 
OTP Bank Albania 
OTP Bank Moldova 

Foreign subsidiaries, total 
Other Hungarian and foreign 
subsidiaries 

OTP Group (w/o employed agents) 

OTP Bank Russia -  

       employed agents 

OTP Bank Ukraine -  

       employed agents 
OTP Group (aggregated) 

Branches ATM 

 POS 

362 1,920
334 1,094
488
124
323
217
83
51
149
95

86

161

135

224

34
38
54

115
80
148
1,168 2,865

125,800
14,329
11,037
16,657
4,167
6,256

402

704

6,421
0
0
59,973

Branches ATM 

POS 

Headcount 
(closing) 
10,189
5,619
2,228
3,022
889
1,693

356 1,906 
311 1,046 
467 
114
298 
187
82 
49
148 
95

2,313

85

176 

134

220 

34
39
51

117 
86 
151 
1,099 2,791 

5,127

514
447
830
22,681

557

33,427

4,402

618

135,901 
15,580 
11,384 
15,038 
4,940 
7,843 

293 

607 

7,251 
0 
0 
62,936 

Headcount 
(closing) 
10,506
5,539
2,279
2,707
864
1,740

2,341

4,992

517
454
899
22,332

568

33,406

3,783

657

1,530 4,785

185,773

38,447

1,455 4,697 

198,837 

37,846

Definition of headcount number: closing, active FTE (full-time employee). The employee is considered as full-time employee in case his/her employment 
conditions regarding working hours are in line with a full-time employment defined in the Labour Code in the reporting entity's country. Part-time employees 
are taken into account proportional to the full-time working hours being effective in the reporting entity’s country. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

STATEMENT ON CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRACTICE  

Corporate governance practice 

OTP  Bank  Plc.,  being  registered  in  Hungary,  has  a  corporate  governance  policy  that  complies  with  the 
provisions on companies of the act applicable (Civil Code). As the company conducts banking operations, it 
also adheres to the statutory regulations pertaining to credit institutions. 

Beyond fulfilling the statutory requirements, as a listed company on the Budapest Stock Exchange (BSE), the 
company  also  makes  an  annual  declaration  on  its  compliance  with  the  BSE’s  Corporate  Governance 
Recommendations. After being approved by the General Meeting, this declaration is published on the websites 
of both the Stock Exchange (www.bet.hu) and the Bank (www.otpbank.hu). 

System of internal controls 

OTP Bank Plc., as a provider of financial and investment services, operates a closely regulated and state-
supervised system of internal controls. 

OTP  Bank  Plc.  has  detailed  risk  management  regulations  applicable  to  all  types  of  risks  (credit,  country, 
counterparty,  market,  liquidity,  operational,  compliance),  which  are  in  compliance  with  the  regulations  on 
prudent  banking  operations.  Its  risk  management  system  extends  to  cover  the  identification  of  risks,  the 
assessment and analysis of their impact, elaboration of the required action plans and the monitoring of their 
effectiveness  and  results.  The  business  continuity  framework  is  intended  to  provide  for  the  continuity  of 
services.  Developed  on  the  basis  of  international  methodologies,  the  lifecycle  model  includes  process 
evaluation, action plan development for critical processes, the regular review and testing of these, as well as 
related DRP activities.   

OTP Bank Plc.'s internal audit system is realised on several levels of control built on each other. The system 
of  internal  checks  and  balances  includes  process-integrated  control,  management  control,  independent 
internal audit organisation and executive information system. The independent internal audit organisation as 
an  element  of  internal  lines  of  defence  promotes  the  statutory  and  efficient  management  of  assets  and 
liabilities,  the  defence  of  property,  the  safe  course  of  business,  the  efficient  operation  of  internal  control 
systems, the minimisation of risks, moreover it reveals and reports deviations from statutory regulations and 
internal rules, makes proposal to abolish deficiencies and follows up the execution of actions. The independent 
internal  audit  organisation  annually  and  quarterly  prepares  group-level  reports  on  control  actions  for  the 
executive boards. Once a year, the internal audit organisation with the prior opinion of the Audit Committee 
draws up, for the Supervisory Board and the Board of Directors, objective and independent reports in respect 
of  the  operation  of  risk  management,  internal  control  mechanisms  and  corporate  governance  functions. 
Furthermore, in line with the provisions of the Credit Institutions Act, reports, once a year, to the Supervisory 
Board and the Board of Directors on the regularity of internal audit tasks, professional requirements and the 
conduct of audits, and on the review of compliance with IT and other technical conditions needed for the audits. 

In  line  with  the  regulations  of  the  European  Union,  the  applicable  Hungarian  laws  and  supervisory 
recommendations, OTP Bank Plc. operates an independent organisational unit with the task of identifying and 
managing compliance risks. 

IT Controls  

Applications  are  developed  by  both  in-house  group  resources  and  by  third  parties.  OTP  Bank  applies 
administrative, logical and physical control measures commensurate with the risk to protect the IT systems 
storing and processing data, as follows: 

•  access to data/systems is only possible on the basis of a predefined authorisation management process 
that applies the principle of least privilege, ensures segregation of responsibilities, that has regular access 
right reviews  and ensures that dismissed employees’ access is revoked; 

•  user authentication, authorisation and password management processes are controlled by policies and 

• 

audited; 
the  systems  have  well-separated  test  and  development  environments,  which  ensures  that  program 
developments or modifications are only deployed to the operational environment after proper, controlled 
testing and approval; 

•  systems are protected by appropriate network perimeter protection, various security devices and network 

• 

segmentation, furthermore all network communications are protected; 
the IT systems that store and process data are regularly backed up and stored in controlled premises with 
adequate protection for long-term retention, and the organisation carries out regular back-up tests 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

•  adequate redundancy is applied for IT systems that store and process data to ensure business continuity 

and disaster resiliency; 

•  has developed a BCP for critical systems and processes, which is regularly tested and reviewed; 
• 

the  Bank collects and retains  the complete  log  of  all data  processing  activities and  the confidentiality, 
availability, integrity and non-repudiation of these audit logs are ensured; 
there is a continuous, up-to-date protection against malicious codes; 
it ensures the regular implementation of vendor patches and updates for the environments used; 
it uses a data leakage protection solution to reduce the risk of data loss; 
it  ensures  the  continuous  monitoring  of  the  operation  of  the  physical  and  virtual  environment  system 
elements, and the detection and management of events, where possible automatically; 
the  above  measures  are  documented  at  an  appropriate  level,  which  ensures  the  traceability  of  the 
implementation of data security requirements in a transparent manner; 
it ensures the irretrievable deletion of the data stored on the media, the destruction of the media and the 
documentation of the destruction of the media during secure operational media disposal processes; 
it  enforces  data  protection  requirements  already  at  the  design  stage  of  the  implementation  of  the  IT 
systems storing and processing personal data and of the systems operational processes related to them; 
it ensures that its employees have adequate knowledge of data protection requirements and provides 
regular data protection and information security training for them. 

• 
• 
• 
• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

General meeting 

The  General  Meeting  is  the  supreme  governing  body  of  OTP  Bank  Plc.  The  regulations  pertaining  to  its 
operation are set forth in the Company’s Articles of Association, and comply fully with both general and special 
statutory requirements. Information on the General Meeting is available in the Corporate Governance Report. 

In view of the situation caused by the epidemic, on 22 February 2021 the Parliament voted Act I of 2021 on 
the prevention of the coronavirus pandemic, which extended the scope of the Government Decree 502/2020 
(XI.16.) (Government Decree) until 22 May 2021. Pursuant to such, in line with Section 9 of the Government 
Decree, the resolutions on the published agenda items were passed by OTP Bank Plc’s Board of Directors 
acting in the competence of the General Meeting on 16 April 2021. 

The  Extraordinary  General  Meeting  was  held  on  15  October  2021  in  accordance  with  the  general  rules, 
traditionally, with the personal participation of the shareholders, subject to Section 3 (1) of the Government 
Decree, also in line with the Act I of 2021 on the prevention of the coronavirus pandemic. 

Regulations  and  information  to  be  presented  in  the  Business  Report  concerning  securities 
conferring  voting  rights  issued  by  the  Company  and  senior  officials,  according  to  the  effective 
Articles of Association, and ownership structure  

The  Company’s  registered  capital  is  HUF  28,000,001,000,  that  is  twenty-eight  thousand  million  one 
thousand  Hungarian  forint,  divided  into  280,000,010  that  is  Two  hundred  and  eighty  million  and  ten 
dematerialised  ordinary  shares  with  a  nominal  value  of  HUF  100  each,  and  a  total  nominal  value  of  
HUF 28,000,001,000, that is twenty eight billion one thousand Hungarian forint. 

The ordinary shares of the Company specified all have the same nominal value and bestow the same rights 
in respect of the Company. 

There  are  no  restrictions  in  place  concerning  the  transfer  of  issued  securities  constituting  the  registered 
capital of the Company.  

No securities with special control rights have been issued by the Company. 

Special  Employee  Partial Ownership  Plan  Organization No.  I. of  OTP  Employees and  Special  Employee 
Partial Ownership Plan Organization No. II. of OTP Employees (hereinafter referred to as: OTP SEPOPs) 
were established based on the decision of the Company’s certain employees and executives considered as 
employees pursuant to the Act XLIV of 1992 on Employee Partial Ownership Plan. Management rights of 
OTP SEPOPs are exercised by a trust named Alapítvány az OTP Munkavállalók Különleges Résztulajdonosi 
Programjáért, founded by the same employees setting up OTP SEPOPs. The Company did not participate 
either in foundation or in management of OTP SEPOPs. 

The Company in line with the ESOP Act initiated an employee share ownership plan having a remuneration 
purpose  and  founded  OTP  Bank  ESOP  Organization  for  its  execution  (hereinafter  referred  to  as  ESOP 
Organization). Pursuant to the laws, the management rights over the ESOP Organization are exercised by 
a law firm, the so called trustee. In the case of the ESOP Organization Szűcs Law Firm is entitled to exercise 
the  authorities  of  the  trustee.  The  Company  participated  in  the  foundation  of  the  ESOP  Organization, 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

however, after its foundation it cannot participate in its management, and according to the laws, it is not 
entitled to either give orders or to recall the trusteeRules on the restrictions of the voting rights: 

The Company’s ordinary shares confer one vote per share. 

An individual shareholder or group of shareholders may not exercise voting rights in respect of in an extent 
exceeding  25%,  or  –  if  the  voting  rights  of  another  shareholder  or  group  of  shareholders  exceed  10%  – 
exceeding 33% of the total voting rights represented by the shares conferring voting rights at the Company’s 
General Meeting. 

The  shareholder  is  obliged  to  notify  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  without  delay  if  the  shareholder 
directly or indirectly, or together with other shareholders in the same group of shareholders, holds more than 
2% of the voting rights represented by the shares conferring voting rights at the Company’s General Meeting. 
Concurrently with this, the shareholder is obliged to designate the shareholders through which the indirect 
voting right exists, or the members of the group of shareholders. In the event of a failure to provide such 
notification, or if there are substantive grounds for assuming that the shareholder has made a misleading 
declaration regarding the composition of the shareholder group, then the shareholder’s voting right shall be 
suspended and may not be exercised until the shareholder has met the above obligations. The notification 
obligation  stipulated  in  this  paragraph  and  the  related  legal  consequences  are  also  incumbent  upon 
individuals who are classified or may be classified as the Company’s shareholders under Article 61 of the 
Capital Markets Act. The Company must also be provided with proof of the conditions for exemption from 
the notification obligation in accordance with Section 61 (7)-(8) and Section 61 (10)-(11)-(12), of the Capital 
Markets Act. 

Shareholder  group:  the  shareholder  and  another  shareholder,  in  which  the  former  has  either  a  direct  or 
indirect  shareholding  or  has  an  influence  without  a  shareholding  (collectively:  a  direct  and/or  indirect 
influence); furthermore: the shareholder and another shareholder who is exercising or is willing to exercise 
its voting rights together with the former shareholder, regardless of what type of agreement between the 
participants underlies such concerted exercising of rights. 

For  determining  the  existence  and  extent  of  the  indirect  holding,  the  rules  of  the  Credit  Institutions  Act 
relating to the calculation of indirect ownership shall be applied.  

If the voting rights that may be exercised by a shareholder group exceed the threshold stipulated in the first 
paragraph of this section, the voting rights shall be reduced in such a way that the voting rights relating to 
the shares most recently acquired by the group of shareholders shall not be exercisable. 

If  there  are  substantive  grounds  to  presume  that  the  exercising  of  voting  rights  by  any  shareholder  or 
shareholders might result in a breach of the rules of the Capital Markets Act relating to the acquisition of a 
controlling  interest,  the  Board  of  Directors’  authorised  representative  responsible  for  the  registration  of 
shareholders at the venue of the General Meeting, or the Chairman of the General Meeting, may exclude 
the affected shareholders from attending the General Meeting or exercising voting rights. 

The  General  Meeting  has  exclusive  authority  with  respect  to  the  decision  regarding  the  delisting  of  the 
shares  (qualified  majority).  When  making  the  decisions,  shares  embodying  multiple  voting  rights  shall 
represent one share. 

The Company is not aware of any kind of agreements among the owners that could give rise to the restriction 
of the transfer of issued securities and/or the voting rights.  

Rules  on  the  appointment  and  removal  of  executive  officers,  and  rules  on  amendment  of  the  Articles  of 
Association: 

The Board of Directors has at least 5, and up to 11 members. 

When  making  the  decisions,  shares  embodying  multiple  voting  rights  shall  represent  one  share.  The 
members of the Board of Directors are elected by the General Meeting based on its decision uniformly either 
for  an  indefinite  period  or  for  five  years;  in  the  latter  case  the  mandate  ends  with  the  General  Meeting 
concluding the fifth financial year following the election. The mandate of a member elected during this period 
expires together with the mandate of the Board of Directors.  

The Board of Directors elects a Chairman and, may elect one or more Deputy Chairmen, from among its 
own members, whose period of office shall be equal to the mandate of the Board of Directors. The Chairman 
of the Board of Directors is also the Chief Executive Officer (Chairman & CEO) of the Company, unless the 
Board of Directors decides within its competence that the position of Chairman of the Board of Directors and 
the Chief Executive Officer of the Company are held by separate persons. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

The membership of the Board of Directors ceases to exist by 

g.  expiry of the mandate, 
resignation, 
h. 
i. 
recall, 
j.  death, 
k. 
l. 

the occurrence of grounds for disqualification as regulated by law. 
termination of the employment of internal (executive) Board members.  

The General Meeting has exclusive authority with respect to the following matters: 

 

the recall of members of the Board of Directors, the Supervisory Board and Audit Committee, and of the 
auditor; (qualified majority) 
More than one third of the members of the Board of Directors and the non-executive members of the 
Supervisory Board may be recalled within a 12-month period only if any shareholder holds more than 
33% of the shares issued by the Company, which have been obtained by the shareholder by way of 
a public purchase offer. 

  except in the cases referred by these Articles of Association to the authority of the Board of Directors, 
the  establishment  and  amendment  of  the  Articles  of  Association;  (qualified  majority);  the  General 
Meeting decides on proposals concerning the amendment of the Articles of Association – based on a 
resolution passed by shareholders with a simple majority – either individually or en masse. 

The Board of Directors is obliged to 

  prepare  the  Company’s  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  the  Accounting  Act,  and  make  a 

proposal for the use of the profit after taxation; 

  prepare a report once a year for the General Meeting, and once every three months for the Supervisory 

Board, concerning management, the status of the Company’s assets and business policy; 

  provide for the proper keeping of the Company's business books; 
  perform the tasks referred to its authority under the Credit Institutions Act, in particular: 

-  ensuring the integrity of the accounting and financial reporting system; 
-  elaborating  the  appropriate  strategy  and  determining  risk  tolerance  levels  for  each  business  unit 

concerned; 

-  setting risk assumption limits; 
-  providing the necessary resources for the management or risk, the valuation of assets, the use of 

external credit ratings and the application of internal models. 

The following, in particular, come under the exclusive authority of the Board of Directors: 

  election of the Chairman & Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and exercising employer’s right in 

respect thereof; 

  election of one or more Deputy Chairmen of the Board of Directors; 
  determination of the annual plan; 
 

the analysis and assessment of the implementation of business-policy guidelines, on the basis of the 
Company’s quarterly balance sheet; 

  decisions  on  transactions  referred  to  the  authority  of  the  Board  of  Directors  by  the  Company's 

organisational and operational regulations; 

  decision on launching, suspending, or terminating the performance of certain banking activities within 

the scope of the licensed activities of the Company; 

  designation of the employees entitled to sign on behalf of the Company;  
  decision  on  the  increasing  of  registered  capital  at  the  terms  set  out  in  the  relevant  resolution  of  the 

General Meeting; 

  decision to acquire treasury shares at the terms set out in the relevant resolution of the General Meeting; 
  decision on approving internal loans in accordance with the Credit Institutions Act; 
  decision on the approval of regulations that fundamentally determine banking operations, or are referred 

to its authority by the Credit Institutions Act. The following shall qualify as such regulations: 
- 
- 
- 
- 

the collateral evaluation regulations, 
the risk-assumption regulations, 
the customer rating regulations, 
the counterparty rating regulations, 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

- 
- 
- 

the investment regulations, 
the regulations on asset classification, impairment and provisioning, 
the organisational and operational regulations, which contain the regulations on the procedure for 
assessing requests related to large loans, 
the regulations on the transfer of signatory rights; 

- 
the decision on approving the Rules of Procedure of the Board of Directors; 

 
  decision on steps to hinder a public takeover procedure; 
  decision on the acceptance of a public purchase offer received in respect of treasury shares; 
  decision on the commencement of trading in the shares in a regulated market (flotation); 
  decision on the cessation of trading in the shares in a given regulated market, provided that the shares 

are traded in another regulated market (hereinafter: transfer). 

The Board of Directors is exclusively authorised to: 

  decide, in the cases specified in the Civil Code, on acceptance of the Company’s interim balance sheet, 

subject to the prior approval of the Supervisory Board; 

  decide,  instead  of  the  General  Meeting,  to  pay  an  advance  on  dividends,  subject  to  the  preliminary 

approval of the Supervisory Board; 

  make  decisions  regarding  any  change  in  the  Company’s  name,  registered  office,  permanent 
establishments and branches, and in the Company’s activities – with the exception of its core activity – 
and, in relation to this, to modify the Articles of Association should it become necessary to do so on the 
basis of the Civil Code or the Articles of Association; 

  make decision on mergers (if, according to the provisions of the law on the transformation, merger and 
demerger of legal entities, the approval of the General Meeting is not required in order for the merger to 
take place). 

The Board of Directors directly exercises employer's rights in respect of the Chairman & CEO. The person 
affected by a decision may not participate in the decision making. Employer rights in respect of the executive 
directors of the Company are exercised by the Board of Directors through the Chairman & CEO, with the 
proviso  that  the  Board  of  Directors  must  be  notified  in  advance  of  the  appointment  and  dismissal  of  the 
Deputy CEOs. With regard to issues related to the exercising of employer's rights in respect of employees, 
the Company is represented by the Chief Executive Officer and by the senior company employees defined 
in the Organisational and Operational Regulations of the Company, in accordance with the delegation of 
authority approved by the Board of Directors. If the Chairman of the Board of Directors and the CEO are 
different  persons,  the  employer  rights  in  respect  of  the  other  executive  directors  of  the  Company  (CEO, 
deputy CEOs) are exercised by the Board of Directors through the Chairman of Board of Directors, with the 
proviso that the Board of Directors shall be notified in advance of the appointment and dismissal of the CEO 
and  Deputy  CEOs.  With  regard  to  issues  related  to  the  exercising  of  employer's  rights  in  respect  of 
employees,  the  Company  is  represented  by  the  persons  defined  in  the  Organisational  and  Operational 
Regulations  of  the  Company,  in  accordance  with  the  delegation  of  authority  approved  by  the  Board  of 
Directors. 

The Board of Directors may delegate, to individual members of the Board of Directors, to executive directors 
employed by the Company, and to the heads of the individual service departments, any task that does not 
come under the exclusive authority of the Board of Directors in accordance with these Articles of Association 
or a General Meeting resolution. 

The  Company  may  acquire  treasury  shares  in  accordance  with  the  rules  of  the  Civil  Code.  The  prior 
authorisation of the General Meeting is not required for the acquisition of treasury shares if the acquisition 
of  the  shares  is  necessary  in  order  to  prevent  a  direct  threat  of  severe  damage  to  the  Company  (this 
provision is not applicable in the event of a public purchase offer aimed at buying up the Company’s shares), 
as well as if the Company acquires the treasury shares in the context of a judicial procedure aimed at the 
settlement of a claim to which the Company is entitled, or in the course of a transformation. 

The  Company  has  not  made  agreements  in  the  meaning  of  points  (j)  and  (k)  in  paragraph  95/A  of  
Act No. C of 2000 on Accounting. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE OF OTP BANK PLC. 

Description of owner 

Domestic institution/company 
Foreign institution/company 
Domestic individual 
Foreign individual 
Employees, senior officers 
Treasury shares2 
Government held owner 
International Development Institutions 
Other3 
TOTAL 

1 January 2021 

31 December 2021 

Total equity 

Ownership 
share 
20.93%
71.60%
4.79%
0.11%
0.85%
1.55%
0.08%
0.04%
0.04%
100.00%

Voting 
rights1 

21.26%
72.73%
4.87%
0.12%
0.87%
0.00%
0.08%
0.04%
0.04%
100.00%

Quantity 

58,605,628
200,480,153
13,424,090
319,346
2,393,390
4,334,140
219,800
108,981
114,482
280,000,010

Ownership 
share  

Voting 
rights 1 

26.66%
66.69%
4.57%
0.11%
0.69%
1.16%
0.07%
0.04%
0.00%
100.00%

26.97% 
67.47% 
4.63% 
0.12% 
0.70% 
0.00% 
0.07% 
0.04% 
0.00% 
100.00% 

Quantity 

74,637,180
186,733,858
12,805,389
319,712
1,941,018
3,251,484
188,326
120,871
2,172
280,000,010

1 Voting rights in the General Meeting of the Issuer for participation in decision-making.  
2 Treasury shares do not include the OTP shares held by ESOP (OTP Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan Organization). Pursuant to Act V of 2013 on 
the Civil Code, OTP shares held by the ESOP are not classified as treasury shares, but the ESOP must be consolidated in accordance with IFRS 10 
Consolidated Financial Statements standard. On 31 December 2021 ESOP owned 7,656,897 OTP shares. 

3 Non-identified shareholders according to the shareholders’ registry. 

NUMBER OF TREASURY SHARES HELD IN THE YEAR UNDER REVIEW (2021) 

OTP Bank  
Subsidiaries 
TOTAL 

1 January 
4,334,140 
0 
4,334,140 

31 March
4,330,609
0
4,330,609

30 June
1,120,786
0
1,120,786

30 September 
1,077,322 
0 
1,077,322 

31 December
3,251,484
0
3,251,484

SHAREHOLDERS WITH OVER/AROUND 5% STAKE AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2021 

Name 

Nationality1

Activity2 

MOL (Hungarian Oil and Gas Company Plc.)  
KAFIJAT Group  
KAFIJAT Ltd. 
MGTR Alliance Ltd. 

Groupama Group 

Groupama Gan Vie SA 
Groupama Biztosító Ltd. 

D 
D 
D 
D 
F/D 
F 
D 

C 
C 
C 
C 
C 
C 
C 

Number of 
shares 
24,000,000
19,661,409
9,839,918
9,836,491
14,311,769
14,140,000
171,769

Ownership3 

Voting 
rights3,4 

Notes5 

8.57% 
7.02% 
3.51% 
3.51% 
5.11% 
5.05% 
0.06% 

8.67% 
7.10% 
3.56% 
3.55% 
5.17% 
5.11% 
0.06% 

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

1 Domestic (D), Foreign (F). 
2 Custodian (CU), Public Institution (PU), International Development Institutions (ID), Institutional (I), Company (C), Private (PR),  
  Employee or senior officer (E). 
3 Rounded to two decimals. 
4 Voting rights in the General Meeting of the Issuer for participation in decision-making. 
5 Eg: professional investor, financial investor, etc. 

Senior officers, strategic employees and their shareholding of OTP shares as at 31 December 2021 

Type1 

Name 

Position 

IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
FB 
FB 
FB 
FB 
FB 
FB 
SP 
SP 

dr. Sándor Csányi 2 
Chairman and CEO 
Deputy Chairman 
Tamás Erdei  
member 
Gabriella Balogh 
member 
Mihály Baumstark 
member, Deputy CEO 
Péter Csányi 
member 
dr. István Gresa 
member, Deputy CEO 
Antal Kovács 
György Nagy 3 
member 
dr. Márton Gellért Vági  member 
member 
dr. József Vörös 
member, Deputy CEO 
László Wolf 
Chairman 
Tibor Tolnay 
Deputy Chairman 
dr. Gábor Horváth 
member 
Klára Bella 
member 
dr. Tamás Gudra 
member 
András Michnai 
member 
Olivier Péqueux 
Deputy CEO 
László Bencsik 
Deputy CEO 
György Kiss-Haypál 
TOTAL No. of shares held by management: 
 1 Employee in strategic position (SP), Board Member (IT), Supervisory Board Member (FB) 
2 Number of OTP shares owned by Dr. Sándor Csányi directly or indirectly: 4,080,034 
3 Number of OTP shares owned by György Nagy directly or indirectly: 600,000 

Commencement 
date of the term 
15/05/1992 
27/04/2012 
16/04/2021 
29/04/1999 
16/04/2021 
27/04/2012 
15/04/2016 
16/04/2021 
16/04/2021 
15/05/1992 
15/04/2016 
15/05/1992 
19/05/1995 
12/04/2019 
16/04/2021 
25/04/2008 
13/04/2018 

Expiration/termination 
of the term 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2023 
2023 
2023 
2023 
2023 
2023 

Number of 
shares 

293,907
32,285
1,393
44,000
1
173,258
79,244
0
0
171,114
532,143
54
0
344
0
100
0
10,038
3,137
1,341,018

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

Committees13 
Members of the Board of Directors 
Dr. Sándor Csányi – Chairman 
Mr. Tamás Erdei – Deputy Chairman 
Mrs. Gabriella Balogh14 
Mr. Mihály Baumstark 
Dr. Tibor Bíró15 
Mr. Péter Csányi6 
Dr. István Gresa 
Mr. Antal Kovács 
Mr. György Nagy6 
Dr. Antal Pongrácz7 15 
Dr. László Utassy7 
Dr. Márton Gellért Vági6 
Dr. József Vörös 
Mr. László Wolf 

Members of the Supervisory Board 
Mr. Tibor Tolnay – Chairman 
Dr. József Gábor Horváth – Deputy Chairman 
Ms. Klára Bella 
Dr. Tamás Gudra16 
Mr. András Michnai 
Mr. Olivier Péqueux 
Dr. Márton Gellért Vági17 

Members of the Audit Committee 
Dr. József Gábor Horváth – Chairman 
Mr. Tibor Tolnay – Deputy Chairman 
Dr. Tamás Gudra18 
Mr. Olivier Péqueux 
Dr. Márton Gellért Vági19  

The résumés of the committee and board members are available in the Corporate Governance Report/Annual 
Report. 

Personal and organizational changes  

On 12 March 2021, the labour contract of Mr. Tibor Johancsik, Deputy CEO in charge of IT had been terminated 
by mutual agreement. The new head of the Digital Division (IT Division until 1 May 2021) is Mr. Péter Csányi, 
who had been in charge of digital developments and sales as managing director until his appointment. Key task 
of the area in transition is going to be the efficient support of the Bank’s digital transformation through further 
improving  customer  experience.  The  new  strategy  of  the  division  is  aimed  at  creating  such  an  IT  that  has 
business  competence,  but  also  serving  as  a  platform  for  other  business  areas  while  setting  the  pace  of 
digitalization in accordance with the National Bank of Hungary’s digital recommendations. 

On 16 April 2016 the Board of Directors acting in the competency of the Annual General Meeting elected Ernst 
& Young Ltd. as the Bank’s auditor concerning the audit of OTP Bank Plc.’s separate and consolidated annual 
financial statements in accordance with International Financial  Reporting Standards for the year 2021,  from  
1 May 2021 until 30 April 2022. 

On 16 April the Board of Directors acting in the competency of the Annual General Meeting, elects Dr. Tamás 
Gudra as member of the Supervisory Board (SB) and of Audit Committee (AC) of the Company until the Annual 
General Meeting of the Company closing the 2022 business year, but not later than 30 April 2023. 

13 Personal changes can be found in the „Personal and organizational changes” chapter. 
14 From 16 April 2021, she is a member of the Board of Directors of OTP Bank Plc. 
15 His term of office expired on 16 April 2021. 
16 From 16 April 2021, he is a member of the Supervisory Board of OTP Bank Plc. 
17 His position on the Supervisory Board was terminated on 16 April 2021. 
18 From 16 April 2021, he is a member of the Audit Committe of OTP Bank Plc. 
19 His position on the Audit Committee was terminated on 16 April 2021. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
                                           
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BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

On 16 April 2021 the Board of Directors acting in the competency of the Annual General Meeting, elects 

Dr. Sándor Csányi 
Mr. Antal György Kovács 
Mr. László Wolf 
Mr. Tamás György Erdei 
Mr. Mihály Baumstark 
Dr. István Gresa 
Dr. József Zoltán Vörös 
Mr. Péter Csányi 
Mrs. Gabriella Balogh 
Mr. György Nagy 
Dr. Gellért Márton Vági 

as members of the Board of Directors (BoD) of the Company until the Annual General Meeting of the Company 
closing the 2025 business year, but not later than 30 April 2026. 

On  16  April  2021,  Dr.  Sándor  Csányi  was  elected  as  Chairman  of  the  Bank’s  Board  of  Directors  and  in 
accordance with subsection 4 of section 9 of the Articles of Association of the Company as Chief Executive 
Officer (Chairman & CEO). 

Dr. Sándor Csányi performs his duties until the closing AGM of the fiscal year 2025 but latest until 30 April 2026. 

On  16  April  2021  Mr.  Tamás  György  Erdei,  the  member  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  was  elected  a  Deputy 
Chairman of the Board of Directors. 

Mr.  Tamás  György  Erdei  performs  his  duties  until  the  closing  AGM  of  the  fiscal  year  2025  but  latest  until  
30 April 2026 

Operation of the executive boards 

OTP Bank Plc. has a dual governance structure, in which the Board of Directors is the Company’s executive 
management  body  in  its  managerial  function,  while  the  Supervisory  Board  is  the  management  body  in  its 
supervisory function of the Company. It controls the supervision of the lawfulness of the Company’s operation, 
its  business  practices  and  management,  performs  oversight  tasks  and  accepts  the  provisions  of  the  Bank 
Group's  Remuneration  Policy.  The  effective  operation  of  Supervisory  Board  is  supported  by  the  Audit 
Committee, as a committee, which also monitors the internal audit, the risk management, the reporting systems 
and the activities of the auditor. 

In order to assist the performance of the governance functions the Board of Directors founded and operates, 
as permanent or other committees, such as the Management Committee, the Remuneration Committee, the 
Nomination Committee and the Risk Assumption and Risk Management Committee.  

To ensure effective operation OTP Bank Plc. also has a number of further permanent committees.  

OTP Bank Plc. gives an account of the activities of the executive boards and the committees every year in its 
Corporate Governance Report. 

The  Board  of  Directors  held  9,  the  Supervisory  Board  held  6  meetings,  while  the  Audit  Committee  held 
2 meetings in 2021. In addition, resolutions were passed by the Board of Directors on 180, by the Supervisory 
Board on 90 and by the Audit Committee on 28 occasions by written vote. 

Policy of diversity 

OTP Bank Plc. determines and regulates the criteria for the selection of senior executives in line with European 
Union as well as domestic legal requirements and directives fundamentally determining the operation of credit 
institutions.  

When designating members of the management bodies (Board of Directors, Supervisory Board) as well as 
appointing members of the Board of Directors and administrative members (Management), OTP Bank Plc. 
considers  the  existence  of  professional  preparation,  the  high-level  human and  leadership competence,  the 
versatile educational background, the widespread business experience and business reputation of the utmost 
importance, at the same time, it is also highly committed to taking efficient measures in order to ensure diversity 
with regard to corporate operation, including the gradual improvement in women’s participation rate.  

OTP  Bank  Plc.’s  Nomination  Committee  continuously  keeps  tracking  the  European  Union  and  domestic 
legislation  relating  to  women’s  quota  on  its  agenda,  in  that  when  unambiguously  worded  expectations  are 
announced, it promptly takes the necessary measures. In accordance with OTP Bank Plc.’s currently approved 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

strategy, the goal is to have at least one female member in both the Bord of Directors and the Supervisory 
Board. 

It  is  important  to  note,  however,  that,  as  a  public  limited  company,  the  selection  of  the  members  of  the 
management bodies falls within the exclusive competence of the General Meeting upon which – beyond its 
capacity to designate enforcing the above aspects to maximum effect – OTP Bank Plc. has no substantive 
influence.  

According to OTP Bank Plc.’s Articles of Association, a Board of Directors comprising 5-11 members and a 
Supervisory Board comprising 5-9 members are set up at OTP  Bank Plc. Currently the Board of Directors 
operates with 11 members and has one female member, the Supervisory Board comprises 6 members and 
has one female member. The management of OTP Bank Plc. currently comprises 6 members and has no 
female member. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, ENVIRONMENTAL PROJECTS 

OTP Group is committed to the protection of the environment, the combating of climate change and its impacts, 
and  the  preservation  and  low-impact  use  of  natural  resources.  OTP  Bank’s  environmental  activities  are 
regulated in its Environmental Regulation, which is revised annually. The Regulation ensures legal compliance 
and the consideration and integration of environmental criteria into the Bank’s business operations in order to 
minimise the environmental impacts of operating and maintaining the Bank’s organisation. It also sets out the 
rules  on  implementing  the  principles  of  sustainable  procurement.  OTP  Group  members  operate  in  full 
compliance with environmental legislation and received no fines in 2020. 

In CDP’s Climate Change Questionnaire, OTP Group was rated at B- in 2021, thus retaining its previous rating. 

The environmental impacts of the OTP Group are related to the provision of financial services and directly from 
its operations. In connection with the provision of financial services, the management of environmental risks 
and  the  exploitation  of  environmental  opportunities  take  place  within  the  framework  of  the  Environmental, 
Social and Governance (ESG) strategy; therefore, these activities are presented in the chapter Non-financial 
Report. 

Our efforts to reduce the direct environmental impact of OTP Group’s operations are centred around improving 
energy  efficiency  and  reducing  paper  usage.  The  environmental  risks  associated  with  our  operations  are 
analysed and managed within our operational risk management process. Potential risks are identified during 
the annual process-based self-assessment, and the assessment of climate change risks is also included in 
the scenario analysis of risks with low probability but high impact. 

Energy consumption and business travel  

OTP  Group  uses  state-of-the-art  technology  in  new  construction  and  renovation  projects;  we  are  also 
continually expanding our use of LED lighting technology. We are constantly seeking opportunities to increase 
energy efficiency, by analysing the energy efficiency and consumption characteristics of our buildings. As part 
of  our  renovation  process,  we  are  replacing  air  conditioning  units,  always  ensuring  that  the  new  units  use 
environmentally-friendly coolants. Thanks to its energy efficiency investments in 2021, OTP Bank consumed 
1,400 GJ less energy. 

Whenever a branch of the parent bank is renovated, we always examine the possibility of installing solar panels 
and  heat  pumps.  In  2021,  we  installed  solar  panels  at  two  branches  and  a  holiday  resort.  Our  systems 
generated a total of 842 GJ energy from solar power. Moreover, our central archives facility has been using 
geothermal energy for several years, amounting to 3,499 GJ in 2021. The solar panels of our subsidiaries 
generated a total of 893 GJ of solar power. We are committed to using green electricity. One of DSK Bank's 
data centres in Sofia procures electricity from 100% renewable sources, and from 2022, we will cover 100% 
of the electricity demand of the parent bank and our Serbian and Croatian subsidiaries in the same way.  

Energy use across the Banking Group has been greatly impacted by the pandemic. Regarding ventilation and 
fresh  air  in  our  buildings,  air  recirculation  was  suspended  and  ventilation  was  intensified  instead,  which 
increased our energy usage; however, the high percentage of staff working from home reduced our electricity 
consumption. 

The number of business trips and the size of the vehicle fleet are determined by the needs of the business. 
Our Group’s vehicle policy sets carbon limits; moreover, the choice of cars includes environmentally-friendly 
vehicles in all vehicle categories. In 2021, our Romanian subsidiary purchased two electric cars, our Bulgarian 
bank seven and our Croatian bank three hybrid cars. The number of kilometres travelled also decreased at 
group level and for OTP Bank, partly due to the measures related to the pandemic and partly due to business 
reasons. The amount of business travel has been reduced significantly by the use of online meetings, which 
has become common practice due to hybrid work. 

Our  existing bicycle  storage  facilities  continued  to  be  available  to  both  customers and  employees  in  2021.  
OTP Bank provided new storage facilities at three branches and the new Record Office, our Bulgarian and 
Ukrainian  subsidiaries  have  each  created  new  bicycle  storage  spaces  at  two  locations,  while  the  Albanian 
bank provided bicycle storage at five locations at the capital's branches. 

Energy consumption figures are presented for OTP Bank. The bank’s overall energy consumption decreased 
by 5% compared to the previous year. Energy consumption per capita is unchanged. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

Volume of energy consumption, OTP Bank 
Total energy consumption (GJ) 
Per capita energy consumption (GJ) 
Energy consumption data are derived from readings; the measured consumption volumes are converted to energy using local average 
calorific values 
The projection of the per capita value is the average number of full-time employees (TMD). 
1 Data  adjusted for the consumption of Monicomp merged into OTP  Bank,  which  was not available at the time of the previous  year's 
statement.  

2020 
251,7301 
26.75 

2021
263,228
26.75

Efforts to reduce paper use 

OTP Group has been consistently endeavouring to reduce paper use and printing. OTP Bank reduced its office 
paper  usage  by  17%  over  2020,  with  the  pandemic  and  increased  rates  of  working  from  home  playing  a 
significant role in this development. Thanks to a change in printing technology, paper consumption decreased 
by 6.5%; however, at the group level, there was no further decrease compared to the drop in 2020. At our 
Romanian, Ukrainian and Russian subsidiaries, the use of paper has decreased with the expansion of digital 
processes. 

OTP Bank and its Romanian subsidiary increased its share of recycled paper in paper use. OTP Bank uses 
FSC-certified paper for its invoices and marketing flyers, as well as recycled paper for DM letters. Our Serbian 
subsidiary also uses FSC-certified paper and our Slovenian subsidiary PEFC-certified paper.  

Paper usage quantities, OTP Bank 
Total amount of paper used (t) (office, packaging, indirect) 
Per capita paper use (kg)1 
1 The projection is based on the average number of full-time employees (TMD). 

Sustainable use and waste management 

2020 
1.137 
121 

2021
978
99

We  follow  the  principle  of  using  all  our  equipment,  devices  and  machines  for  the  longest  time  reasonably 
possible. We explicitly aim to use furniture until the end of its lifecycle, reusing it multiple times and ensuring 
the compatibility of replacements. OTP Bank, DSK Bank, OTP Bank Romania and OTP Banka Srbija all follow 
the practice of making charitable donations of any furniture no longer used but in good condition, as well as 
functioning IT equipment (mostly computers and laptops), to institutions and organisations in need.  

OTP Bank was the first bank in Hungary to issue a bank card made largely (85%) of recycled plastic. The card 
was available to junior customers, and we issued 50,000 recycled cards to our customers over the year. 

In 2021, our Serbian subsidiary reduced its purchases of plastic packaging products and began using paper 
cups for water dispensers. Our Romanian, Croatian, Serbian, Montenegrin and Moldovan subsidiaries also 
use refilled toners to reduce waste from the use of toners and ink cartridges.  

All  members  of  OTP  Group  collect  and  manage  hazardous  waste  and  paper  containing  business  secrets 
selectively, in compliance with the relevant laws and regulations. The selective collection of non-confidential 
paper waste, PET bottles and glass is available in the head office buildings of OTP Bank, while the collection 
of  packaging  metal  has  also  been  available  since  2021.  During  the  year,  we  also  set  up  selective  waste 
collection in ten bank branches. Our Ukrainian subsidiary operates selective paper collection at its head office 
building. Our Serbian subsidiary collects paper waste selectively in its branches and head office buildings. Our 
Albanian subsidiary collects paper waste selectively. Our Romanian subsidiary collects all paper, metal, glass 
and  plastic  selectively.  Our  Slovenian  subsidiary  also  collects  communal  waste  selectively  (including 
biodegradable food waste). Our Croatian subsidiary has collected paper and plastic waste selectively for years, 
and from 2021, metal and glass waste will also be collected separately. DSK Bank operates selective waste 
collection at its sites in Sofia and Varna and has expanded the selective collection of paper waste during the 
year. Our Montenegrin subsidiary has introduced selective paper waste collection at its head office and its 
archives facility. 

Awareness-raising 

Most members of our Banking Group have a tradition of raising awareness and taking joint action to protect 
environmental and natural resources. In 2021, we supported several environmental initiatives and encouraged 
the environmentally conscious behaviour of our employees. 

OTP Bank and OTP Bank Serbia have joined the Mastercard Priceless Planet Coalition, launched in 2020, 
and  are  participating  in  a  campaign  that  encourages  consumers  to  protect  the  environment  and  actively 
contribute to this goal themselves. The Priceless Planet Coalition aims to preserve the environment through 
the restoration of 100 million trees over five years and to help mitigate the adverse effects of climate change. 
By 2022, three afforestation sites have been selected in Kenya, Brazil and Australia, but more will be added 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
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later.  OTP  Bank  has  supported  the  Priceless  Planet  Coalition  with  a  donation  of  100,000  euros,  while  our 
Serbian subsidiary has committed to planting a tree for each bank account opened. 

DSK Bank was the first bank in Bulgaria to join the Mastercard Wildlife Impact Card programme. The bank and 
Mastercard support the issuance of all Mastercard Wildlife Impact cards with one dollar spent on protecting 
and restoring natural habitats. The credit card is made of environmentally friendly material. 

DSK Bank also supported the One Tree Initiative, which aims to create an interactive map of Sofia’s tree stock. 
The tree survey was conducted by volunteers, registering a total of more than 12,000 trees. The bank also 
supported  the  initiative  of  the  Hungarian  Cultural  Institute,  within  the  framework  of  which  bicycle  storage 
spaces will be installed in front of cultural institutions. The aim of the project was to ensure the environmentally 
friendly accessibility of cultural institutions. 

Our  Croatian  subsidiary  also  supported  the  “Drop  into  the  Sea”  ecological  action  of  the  Telašćica  Nature 
Reserve, which drew attention to the threat to marine ecosystems and fish stocks due to increasing amounts 
of waste. The bank also supported Ekotlon, the biggest plogging competition. In addition to collecting litter, the 
event also supported a kindergarten with eco-equipment purchased from its registration fees. 

Generator (Gamechanger), our Serbian subsidiary’s local start-up programme, launched the Generator Zero 
competition  in  2021,  specifically  seeking  and  rewarding  innovative  solutions  to  reduce  its  carbon  footprint. 
Organisations had until the end of the year to apply for the competition, and the winner will receive mentoring 
for  further  development  and  promotion  in  addition  to  the  cash  prize.  Ten  finalists  were  selected  from  the  
72 projects nominated. 

We are also extending the scope of our employee involvement programmes: 

  To promote environmental awareness, we wrote about the reduction in paper use and disposable plastics 

in the OTP Bank’s online magazine.  

  Our Croatian subsidiary has reduced its use of plastics and implemented even more responsible waste 

management in three cities under the “Green Way to Green” programme. 

 

  Our  Serbian  bank  has  launched  an  awareness-raising  initiative  among  employees  to  increase 
environmentally and business-friendly behaviour and reduce CO2 emissions. The bank also supported the 
Green Serbia 2021 campaign, which planted trees in ten cities. 
In order to make employees more sensitive to the environment, our Slovenian subsidiary bank organised 
a workshop and presentation for managers and e-learning for employees. In 2021, the Bank joined the 
Slovenian  Green  Network,  which  brings  together  more  than  400  companies,  educational  institutions, 
institutes  and  other  organisations  with  a  variety  of  projects  for  sustainable  development  and  social 
responsibility. 

  Our Ukrainian subsidiary has joined the “Batteries, inward” campaign, in which used batteries are collected 
and delivered to a recycling plant in Romania. The bank sent more than 200 kg of batteries to be recycled. 
  Following its energy renovations, our Montenegrin subsidiary will also train its employees in the energy-

conscious use of the systems.  

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
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NON-FINANCIAL STATEMENT – OTP BANK PLC.  

The social, environmental and wider economic performance and impacts of OTP Group are also reported in 
its dedicated Sustainability Report. The Sustainability Report for 2021 is a group-level report that meets the 
GRI (Global Reporting Initiative) Standard and is certified by an independent third party. It is available as a 
digital version on OTP Bank’s website. The information in this chapter is provided in order to comply with the 
Accounting Act, while also aiming to keep the duplication of information to a minimum. Information concerning 
environmental protection and climate change is provided mainly in the chapter on environmental Policy and 
Environmental Protection Measures. 

OTP Bank is committed to ethical business conduct in all respects; our principles are set out in our Code of 
Ethics, which is binding for all our employees and agents. Our financial services and operations have significant 
social and environmental impacts; thus, our objective is to manage risks responsibly while taking advantage 
of opportunities and delivering positive outcomes. 

In 2021, OTP Bank signed the UN Environment Programme Finance Initiative (UNEP FI), a framework for the 
sustainable banking sector. The Principles are the leading framework for ensuring that banks’ strategy and 
practice align with the vision society has set out for its future in the UN Sustainable Development Goals and 
the  Paris  Climate  Agreement.  Banks  who  have  signed  the  Principles  commit  to  be  ambitious  in  their 
sustainability strategies, working to mainstream and embed sustainability into the heart of their business. 

The integration of sustainability is supported by a strong organisational background, which was completed in 
2021.  The  ESG  transformation  covers  both  OTP  Bank  and  its  subsidiaries  and  is  managed  by  an  ESG 
Committee established by the Board of Directors. The Committee is the decision-making body responsible for 
ESG strategy, plans and policies and for supporting the Bank's governing bodies in the performance of ESG 
tasks.  The  Chairman  of  the  Committee  is  appointed  by  the  Board  of  Directors.  The  ESG  Committee  has 
established an ESG Operational Subcommittee, which provides operational support to the ESG Committee 
and help in the preparation of decisions. The head of the Subcommittee - also the head of ESG Business 
Transformation - is the Director of the Green Programme Directorate. The three key areas of ESG integration 
are ESG business transformation, ESG risk management and ESG control function. 

The ESG Strategy of the OTP Group was approved by the Management Committee in 2021. The OTP Group 
wishes to play a leading role regionally in financing a fair and gradual transition to a low-carbon economy as 
well as building a sustainable future by offering balanced financing opportunities. OTP Group approaches ESG 
from  three  main  perspectives:  as  a  responsible  service  provider,  as  a  responsible  employer  and  as  a 
responsible  social  player.  In  addition  to  business  opportunities,  the  strategy  includes  the  management  of 
relevant risks as well as social and corporate governance objectives. The strategy covers the period up to 
2024, and our goal is to achieve full ESG integration at group level.  

Green Finance 

We  have  taken  significant  steps  towards  exploiting  the  potential  of  green  finance.  Green  mortgage  loans 
(distributed by OTP Bank, and held in the balance sheet of OTP Mortgage Bank) and green covered bonds 
(issued by OTP Mortgage Bank) help achieve real estate goals for sustainability. OTP Mortgage Bank has set 
the  strategic goal  of  increasing  the  proportion  of  green  loans  within  new  loan disbursements  and  has  also 
created a framework for green mortgage bonds. The bank was the first in the domestic market to issue a green 
mortgage bond, building on the Hungarian National Bank's (NBH) green mortgage purchase programme. The 
company issued securities with a total nominal value of HUF 95 billion in 2021, so in addition to the previously 
disbursed green loans, the company also provided funds to finance the green loans to be disbursed after the 
issue. 

The Mortgage Bank publishes the most important financial and environmental impact data relating to mortgage 
bonds annually. The first report presenting information for the year 2021 will be published at the same time as 
the company’s annual report.  

The  NBH  Green  Home  Programme  was  launched  in  the  second  half  of  2021  as  part  of  the  Growth  Loan 
Programme. These loans with a maximum interest rate of 2.5% help customers buy and build energy-efficient 
new  homes.  Under  the  programme,  the  Hungarian  National  Bank  provides  refinancing  sources  to  credit 
institutions at 0% interest rates, provided that the energy requirements for the financed property are met. The 
central bank provides a total of HUF 200 billion in funds for the programme. We experienced interest in this 
loan structure that exceeded expectations, and by the end of 2021, our bank group had concluded contracts 
in the amount of HUF 20.1 billion and disbursed loans in the amount of HUF 4.9 billion. 

Loan products of the Hungarian Development Bank (MFB) financed by both EU and from MFB’s own sources 
were  still  available  at  OTP  Bank  in  2021.  The  population  had  access  to  preferential  loans  through  these 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
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structures  in  order  to  implement  energy  improvements.  During  the  year,  we  entered  into  loan  agreements 
amounting to HUF 5 billion, accounting for 7% of all loans contracted through MFB Points. 

We  have  developed  four  new  products  for  corporate  lending  to  help  meet  renewable  energy  production, 
electro-mobility, green agricultural goals and high-energy office investments. The total amount of loans cleared 
under the green housing, corporate and municipal capital relief programme provided by the NBH in OTP Bank 
is approximately HUF 74.5 billion.  

A significant proportion of green loans comprise projects for the utilisation of renewable energy sources within 
the  framework  of  project  financing.  Renewable  energy  projects  represent  a  considerable  share  of  green 
lending in our project financing. In 2021, we signed contracts for eight new projects at OTP Group level in the 
amount of HUF 81.5 billion, a significant increase compared to previous years. The projects are located in 
Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania and Croatia, and the financing was partly implemented with the involvement of 
the subsidiaries. The projects generated 1,175 MW of renewable capacity, but funding is not always provided 
by OTP Group alone. At group level, the project financing portfolio related to renewable energy projects had 
reached HUF 84.2 billion by the end of the year, of which OTP Bank's share was HUF 57.8 billion. 

In 2021, loans promoting energy efficiency, the use of renewable energy and e-mobility were available from 
our subsidiaries in Croatia, Romania, Montenegro, Albania and Moldova. 

Our goal for 2025 is to have green products available in all segments for OTP Core, while the development of 
green financing plans at subsidiaries will take place in 2022. OTP Bank plans to issue green bonds in 2022 to 
finance group-level projects. 

The  purpose  of  the  OTP  Fund  Management  OTP  Climate  Change  130/30  Fund  is  to  provide  investment 
opportunities  in  the  shares  of  developed  and  emerging  market  companies  that  may  be  the  winners  of 
directives, legal regulations and economic policy changes aimed at mitigating the effects of climate change. 
The  net  asset  value  of  the  Fund  at  the  end  of  2021  was  HUF  36.3  billion.  In  2021,  together  with  the  
OTP Omega Fund, we started to amend the management regulations  of the  OTP Climate Change 130/30 
Fund in order to meet the criteria of a fund promoting environmental or social characteristics or a combination 
thereof, i.e. Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (SFDR) Article 8.  

The  table  below  shows  the  disclosures  of  the  OTP  Group  and  banks  operating  in  EU  member  states  in 
accordance with Regulation (EU) 2020/852 (Taxonomy Regulation). 

Disclosure under Article 8 Delegated art 10 

OTP Group consolidated 

Art 10 (3) a,  Eligible proportion * 

Art 10 (2) a,  Non-eligible proportion* 

Art 10 (2) b,  Proportion of derivatives * 

Art 10 (2) b,  Proportion  to  central  gov.,  central  bank, 

supranational issuer* 

Art 10 (2) c,  Proportion of non-NFRD undertakings* 

Art 10 (2) 

Proportion of trading portfolio* 

Art 10 (2) 

Proportion of on-demand inter-bank loans*

DSK Bank 

OTP  Bank 
Croatia 

SKB Bank 

0.41%  

0.21%  

0%  

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

0.15%

67.29%

0.93%

27.14%

8.48%

1.17%

4.77

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

Disclosure under Article 8 Delegated art 10 

OTP  Bank 
Romania  

0.11%  

Art 10 (3) d,  XI. Annex disclosures 

information 

Contextual 
towards 
quantitative indivators incl. scope of assets 
and  activities  covered,  data  sources  and 
limitation. 

year 

from 

second 

of 
Starting 
implementationonly:  Explanations  of  the 
nature  and  objectives  of  Taxonomy-
aligned  economic  activities  and 
the 
evouolution 
Taxonomy-aligned 
of 
time, 
economic 
distingiushing  between  business  related 
and  methodological  and  data-related 
elements. 

activities 

over 

among 

examined 

Exposures  to  taxonomy-eligible  activities 
non-financial 
were 
corporations.  Companies  covered  by  the 
NFRD were defined as listed companies with 
more  than  500  employees  based  on  Nace 
code 

*Excluding  exposures  to  be  excluded  from 
the denominator of KPIs by the Regulation.  

Taxonomy elgible activities were examined. 
Our goals for green funding and the activities 
we  have  implemented  can  be  found  in  the 
text pf NFRD. 

Description  of 
the  compliance  with 
Regulation  (EU)  2020/852  in  the  financial 
undertaking’s  business  startegy,  product 
design  process  and  engagement  with 
clients and counterparties. 

information 

for credit institutions that are not required
to  dsiclose  quantitative 
fo
trading exposures: Quakitative information
ont he alignment of trading portfolios with
Regulation 
includong
(EU)  2020/852, 
overall  composition,  trendsm  objectives
and policy; 

the  weight  of  other  or  additional 
information  in  support  of  the  financial 
undertaking’s strategy and the financing of 
taxonomic activities in relation to their total 
activity. 

Our goals for green funding and the activities 
we  have  implemented  can  be  found  in  the 
text pf NFRD. 

Taxonomy eligible activities were examined.

Taxonomy eligible activities were examined. 
Our goals for green funding and the activities 
we  have  implemented  can  be  found  in  the 
text pf NFRD. 

Green asset ratio in corporate lending:  

In  relation  to  the  mitigation  and  adaptation  objectives  of  the  taxonomy  regulation,  we  have  examined  the 
corporate portfolio based on the NACE codes that can be attributed to activities in the delegated act. 

OTP Bank Group's corporate lending activities are linked to environmentally sustainable economic activities in 
the EU Member States20 in the followings scope: 

Share of the taxonomy-adjusted corporate portfolio of EU core and subsidiary banks in total non-segmented 
exposures at group level: 8.3% 

Share of the taxonomy-adjusted corporate portfolio of EU core and subsidiary banks in the total EU core and 
subsidiary corporate portfolio: 42.3%. 

20 EU core and subsidiary banks means: OTP Nyrt, DSK Banka EAD, OTP Bank Romania S.A., OTP banka Hrvatska d.d., SKB banka d.d. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                           
OTP BANK 

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ESG risk management 

In order to integrate ESG aspects, comply with legal obligations and the Hungarian National Bank's Green 
Programme, we continued to develop our ESG lending policy in 2021. At group level, we have introduced a 
lending and monitoring ESG risk management framework for non-retail and non-motorised leasing assets. The 
framework also includes the ESG Exclusion List, which comprises activities excluded from financing by OTP 
Group, as well as the industry ESG risk heat map. In 2021, ESG credit risk exposure became part of internal 
reporting. In accordance with the Hungarian National Bank’s Green Programme, we will continue to include 
ESG factors in the rest of the portfolio and in respect of collateral. 

The purpose of ESG risk management in lending is to identify ESG risks and reduce transaction risks arising 
from the environmental and social risk factors associated with financing. By integrating these issues into our 
lending process, we are also emphasising the importance of our clients adopting excellent environmental and 
social practices. 

We invest and lend the money deposited with us in a way ensuring that it will not serve illegal purposes, or 
those contrary to the values of society.  

OTP Bank will not finance: 

 
 
 

 
 

customers whose financing is forbidden in international agreements, EU acts or national laws; 
those whose activity is likely to violate public morals or social value systems, or is connected to crime; 
those who are connected, directly or indirectly, to criminal activities or to the deliberate violation or evasion 
of legal; 
regulations; 
transactions classified as prohibited business sectors (e.g. the illegal arms trade, prohibited gambling, 
drug trade, or any other illegal activity); and 
transactions that fail to meet environmental standards. 

 
The  OTP  Bank  Group  does  not  finance  transactions  that  violate  the  laws  of  the  country  concerned  or 
international law.  

In  accordance  with  our  regulations,  our  banking  group  always  expects  and  examines  compliance  with 
environmental  regulations  during  lending.  Violation  of  commitments  and  expectations  is  sanctioned  in  the 
framework credit agreements. 

In accordance with the SFDR's expectations, we have developed an investment risk management policy for 
all relevant group members, so that investment risk management has been integrated into decision-making 
processes during investment advisory and portfolio management activities, and information on this has been 
provided  to  clients.  Our  statements  on  the  integration  of  sustainability  risks  and  the  adverse  effects  of 
investment  decisions  on sustainability  factors  (PAIs)  are  available  on  our  websites.  In  addition  to  the  legal 
requirements, the prospectuses containing the product characteristics of the investment funds also include the 
ESG score calculated by the bank, helping customers make decisions and orient themselves. 

We have strengthened the assessment of ESG risks in our operational risk management scenario analyses 
by analysing a separate scenario related to climate change, and we have also indicated the risks affected by 
ESG in both the risk self-assessment and the loss database.  

Responsible customer service 

In carrying out our financial intermediary duties we ensure that the savings of our customers remain safe at all 
times. Our rules guarantee that the standards of responsible lending are observed regarding the avoidance of 
over-indebtedness, fair, understandable, complete and attentive information provision and adequate product 
offers. 

Our principles and guidelines on the fair treatment of customers and the compliance of consumer protection 
are set out in our Compliance Policy. In designing our products, we follow the principles of ethical product 
development. Our New Product Policy prescribes the assessment of potential risks to consumers. 

We offer personalised administrative options to our customers with the highest level of service quality and 
continuous innovations. The coronavirus pandemic increased the use of online channels, and our Banking 
Group also encouraged this trend. 

We use TRI*M methodology to measure the satisfaction of our retail customers. OTP Bank’s client retention 
power  increased  by  three  points  to  69  points  in  2021,  while  the  average  satisfaction  score  among 
competitors also increased slightly. The average TRI*M of banks in Central Europe was 77 points. 

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OTP Bank’s stated objective is to serve its customers without fault. In order to improve customer satisfaction, 
we  are  also  continuously  improving  our  complaint  management  practices.  Our  Complaint  Management 
Policy, Complaint Management Regulation and a Glossary are available to view in our branches as well as 
on our website. 

In 2021, the most typical complaints at OTP Bank were related to the payment moratorium and unapproved 
payment  transactions.  The  number  of  both  complaints  and  legitimate  complaints  decreased  significantly  in 
2021 compared to the outstanding values of 2020, which could be attributed to the significant changes made 
during  the  year.  The  declining  trend  also  prevailed  at  group  level.  In  2021,  we  continued  to  improve  our 
complaint  management  practices,  including  expanding  our  complaint  analysis  process  and  the  range  of 
complaints that can be resolved immediately. 

Customer complaint data, OTP Bank1 
Number of warranted complaints 
Ratio of warranted complaints 
Compensation paid (HUF million) 
1 Includes data from OTP Housing Savings and OTP Mortgage Bank. 
2 Corrected data. 

2020 
202,040 
67% 
842 

2021
155,298
62%
36

Our objective is to provide equal access for persons living with disability, through services adapted to their 
special needs, in line with the Accessibility Strategy of OTP Bank. Accessibility is integrated into our website, 
which supports one-handed use and provides accessibility options including text-to-speech software and video 
content transcripts. Physical accessibility was also provided in every branch but one in 2021. Our customers 
can request special-needs services at the queue management machine, with physical push buttons and tactile 
strips  also  assisting  them  in  using  the  device.  Tactile  guide  strips  are  available  in  38%  of  our  branches. 
Interpreter Services are available at 167 branches (47%); this is a service allowing a sign language interpreter 
to assist with administration tasks through a live video chat. Moreover, we have made text-to-speech software 
available on 910 of our ATMs (48%). 

Security and data protection 

Security is a top concern for us. The principles and main guidelines concerning security at the bank are set 
forth  in  the  Security  Policy,  which  is  approved  by  the  Board  of  Directors.  The  policy  covers  all  aspects  of 
security, including IT and cyber security, which have become increasingly important. OTP Bank's Group-level 
Information  Security  Policy  and  Cyber  Security  Strategy  of  OTP  Bank  were  completed  in  2021,  and  the 
development of a Group-level cyber security strategy was launched. The processing and protection of personal 
data is covered by the Compliance Policy, which is also approved by the Board of Directors. Both policies 
prescribe the regular evaluation of risks and the need to maintain and enhance awareness. 

The handling and protection of personal data is covered by the Compliance Policy also approved by the Board 
of  Directors.  We  also  developed  security  processes  and  applied  solutions  in  2021,  with  our  innovations 
focusing on the cyber security centre, the central log analysis system, authorisation management and virus 
protection. In addition we made customer communication more effective in detecting suspicious transactions. 

The number of distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) and phishing attacks increased significantly at group level 
compared  to  previous  years.  We  published  several  awareness  campaigns  for  our  customers,  providing 
information  on  our  intranet  and  through  security  awareness  training,  which  was  also  focused  on  phishing. 
Besides protecting against phishing activities, the European Cyber Security Month programmes focused on 
presenting the security challenges of modern application development and operations.  

White-collar crime, which causes significant losses to customers and the banking group, decreased at most 
subsidiaries due to our continuous development, more efficient employee action and stricter controls. We have 
reviewed our anti-money laundering training material to ensure our employees gain greater knowledge of this 
and have started to develop harmonised training at group level. The number of suspected money laundering 
reports  by  bank  employees  increased  by  eight  percent.  During  the  year,  OTP  Bank  reported  68  cases  of 
suspected money laundering. 

Our Banking Group has experienced numerous card-related attacks; in these cases the sharing of important 
information was extremely helpful in the prevention of fraudulent transactions. The number of successful card 
fraud cases has been kept low continuously, which demonstrates that our systems operate effectively. The 
ratio of bank card fraud to turnover is significantly lower than the European average published by MasterCard 
(for  OTP  Bank  it  is  0.0071%  and  the  consolidated  ratio  of  subsidiaries  is  0.00986%,  while  the  European 
average  stands  at  0.0414%).  In  the  case  of  OTP  Bank  we  were  able  to  prevent  bank  card  fraud  of  
HUF 5.5 billion. 

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Losses expected from the detected criminal activities amounted to HUF 447 million in the case of OTP Bank 
and HUF  2.2  billion  at Group  level.  The  amount  of  loss  prevented  was HUF  457  million  at OTP  Bank  and  
HUF 2.0 billion at OTP Group. 

Fight against corruption and against the practice of bribery 

discrimination 

The  Code  of  Ethics  and  the  Anti-Corruption  Policy  of  OTP  Bank  contains  provisions  on  the  fight  against 
corruption and against the practice of bribery, also on the acceptance of individual differences and the denial 
of 
(https://www.otpbank.hu/portal/en/EthicalDeclaration 
 https://www.otpbank.hu/static/portal/sw/file/OTP_EtikaiKodex_EN.pdf, 
https://www.otpbank.hu/static/portal/sw/file/OTP_Anti_Corruption_Policy_202102.pdf). As it can be read in 
the foreword of the Code and the Anti-Corruption Policy as well, the Bank and its management have adopted 
the  principle  of  zero  tolerance  towards  corruption  and  bribery,  taking  a  definite  stance  against  all  forms  of 
corruption and giving full support to the fight against corruption. In addition, the Code states that "As an ethical 
and  compliant  institution,  the  Bank  and  its  management  are  fully  committed  to  ensuring  observance  of  all 
relevant legislation, including anti-corruption statutes." 

The Bank has set up an ethics reporting system (whistleblowing), which is for the reporting and the handling 
of the reports on suspected or actual violation of the values set forth in the Code of Ethics, where anonymous 
reporting of ethics issues is also possible. The Bank conducts inquiries for the purpose of detecting, preventing 
anomalies in connection with reports made or anomalies it became aware of otherwise. 

Through  the  Bank's  ethics  reporting  system  a  total  of  26  reports  were  received  in  2021,  8  of  them  was 
reclassified as complaints and 2 case’s investigation resulted in declaring ethics offense – though not due to 
corruption, bribery or discrimination. 

The Bank has created and maintains its Code of Ethics to keep reputational risk and financial losses, which 
may  incur  in  relation  to  corruption,  bribery  and  discrimination,  on  a  minimum  level.  Both  employees  and 
newcomers receive education on the Code of Ethics, and in addition, the acceptance to be bound by it is a 
prerequisite for their employment. 

Any requests from third parties affecting human rights are treated by the Bank as a priority. 

We manage the risks regarding the fight against corruption and bribery within the framework of our operational 
risk management process. Our quarterly compliance reports cover the changes in risks as well as the steps 
necessary steps to manage them. The reports are presented to the Management Committee and the Board of 
Directors; the annual report is also submitted to the Supervisory Board. 

Citizenship 

OTP is one of the most generous charitable donors in Hungary, giving a total of HUF 2.3 billion in charitable 
donations, almost half of which was for educational purposes, primarily the development of financial culture. 

We aim to provide genuine and effective help by supporting programmes and causes that serve the interests 
of society. We cooperate with a number of local non-governmental organisations, concentrating our donated 
funds and monitoring their usage and the results achieved.  

Our efforts were focused on the following areas: 

 
 
 
 

developing financial literacy: attitude shaping; 
sponsoring culture and the arts: creating and preserving values; 
equal opportunities: helping the disadvantaged and those in need; and 
sport. 

We consider donation habits a part of financial literacy; therefore, in 2021 we took a significant step forward in 
encouraging our customers to support the social initiatives that they consider important financially. Under the 
digital donation programme we enabled them to make donations simply and easily while taking care of their 
day-to-day  finances.  Donation  has  become  possible  on  our  digital  platforms,  including  our  website,  the 
internetbank, the mobile application, the Simple application, as well as through 750 ATMs and the digital points 
of  80  branches.  Our  Bank  assumes  all  extra  costs  of  the  donation,  including  both  the  transaction  tax  of 
customers  and  the  costs  of  NGOs.  Our  Bank  also  cooperates  with  the  supported  organisations  and  we 
supplement the donations of our customers. In addition, in our experience, our customers view the Bank’s 
participation as a guarantee that their donations will truly go to the right beneficiary. In 2021 we supported the 
initiatives of 6 foundations through customer donations in the amount of HUF 250 million. 

The Humanitas Social Foundation supports vulnerable communities and individuals with a focus on healthcare 
and education; donation recipients are selected through an application process. Its most important activity in 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

2020 involved priority support to hospitals. We supported 30 hospitals, 18 educational institutions and one 
foundation  through  the  Foundation  in  2021.  In  order  to  provide  more  effective  assistance,  we  provided 
targeted, tailored asset support to institutions. 

The OTP Fáy András Foundation provides financial and economic education services, a key element of which 
is operating the OK Educational and Innovation Centre. The Foundation provides youth, adult and vocational 
training. The activities of the Foundation in 2021 were determined mostly by the coronavirus pandemic and 
several planned activities could not be organised as a result. However, the Foundation developed 30 curricula 
in 2021. 

Digital education continued to be the focus of the year, with more than 17,000 students attending online and 
nearly 2,500 classroom training. Roma youth also participated in financial and economic training through the 
Roma Education Fund. Significant progress has been made in the development and testing of the Financial 
Basic Education Programme in adult education. During the training, in which participation is free of charge and 
without  prior  knowledge,  users  acquire  essential  personal  money  management  and  general  economic 
knowledge and improve their financial literacy. The Foundation also continued its previous programmes, so 
the  teacher  training  programme  of  Eötvös  Loránd  University  (ELTE),  the  regular  Teachers'  Club  and  the 
summer  camps  took  place.  The  Foundation's  national  awareness-raising  programme  also  continued,  with 
screenings of short films on national commercial television channels around 400 times, covering topics such 
as housing renovation, business start-ups and data security. 

Responsible employment 

Our goal is to create value for our employees by focusing on them in a constantly changing environment. The 
central objective of our human resource strategy is to intensify employee experience and commitment. 

In 2021 we conducted an employee satisfaction survey at Group level with a high response ratio of 92%. Based 
on the results, the rate of employee satisfaction was 70%, slightly lower than the average of the international 
financial sector. The action plans prepared in response to the feedback for all areas that needed improvement 
were approved by the Management Committee. 

We  developed  our  activities  during  the year  along  the  lines  of  the  six  priorities  stated  in  our  strategy,  also 
relying on the results of the employee satisfaction survey. We launched numerous projects that will result in 
significant  changes;  for  example,  we  developed  the  framework  of  Group-level  dialogue,  and  placed 
management development on new foundations. Although the pandemic slightly delayed the implementation of 
the international talent programme, we created a uniform talent framework at Group level and operated local 
talent  programmes.  All  of  our  employees  participate  in  trainings;  in  addition  to  network  and  head  office 
management development, we rejuvenated the frameworks of our employees’ skills development. 

Due to the pandemic situation, hybrid work performance became typical in 2021. We maintained access to the 
tools  promoting  our  employees’  emotional,  mental  and  physical  health  and  their  ability  to  stand  firm  under 
harsh circumstances, and once again in 2021, numerous employees took recourse to them. 

OTP Bank’s employees (31 December) 

       2020 

        2021 

9,826
Employees, total (individuals) 
100%
Distribution by gender 
Turnover rate1 
10.5%
1 Compared to the end-of-year headcount; includes termination of employment both by employee and by employer, as well as 
retirement. 

10,078 
100% 
14.3% 

Total Men Women
6,424
65.4%
11.2%

3,402
34.6%
9.3%

Total  Men Women
6,531
64,8%
14.1%

3,547 
35.2% 
14.5% 

Ethical conduct and legal compliance also remain core principles in our human resource management. OTP 
Bank analyses and manages the risks relating to employment within its operational risk management process. 
Our employees’ interests are represented by their trade union, with a Collective Agreement setting out the 
rights and obligations of every employee. 

The Bank’s Code of Ethics declares its commitment to providing a safe and healthy working environment and 
states its expectation of mutual respect between executive officers and employees, including the prohibition of 
discrimination and harassment. We consistently apply the principle of “equal pay for equal work”, including 
providing equal pay to men and women for the same position and performance. Within the objective limitations 
of  specific  job  descriptions,  we  allow  for  flexible  working  hours  and  part-time  employment  options.  We 
encourage healthy lifestyle choices, offering a complex health insurance package, and subsidising recreation 
and sporting activities. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

Short description of the business model of the company 

OTP Bank is the market-leading credit institution in Hungary. As for its business model, the Bank offers high-
quality financial services to retail, private banking, micro and small business, medium and large corporate, as 
well as municipality clients through both its branch network and its steadily developing digital channels. The 
Bank provides comprehensive retail and corporate banking services: its activities include deposit collection 
from customers and raising money from the money and capital markets. On the asset side, OTP Bank offers 
mortgage loans, consumer credits, working capital and investment loans to companies, as well as loans to 
municipalities, whereas its liquidity reserves are invested in money and capital market instruments. Moreover, 
the  Bank  provides  a  wide  range  of  state-of-the-art  services,  including  the  areas  of  wealth  management, 
investment services, payment services, treasury and other services.  

In addition, OTP Bank's Hungarian subsidiaries deliver a wide range of further financial services. The Bank 
owns foreign subsidiaries in many countries of Central and Eastern Europe through capital investments. 

Non-financial performance indicators – OTP Bank Plc. (standalone) 

Internal audit: 203 closed audits, 1,478 recommendations, 1,478 accepted recommendations 

 
  Compliance with Budapest Stock Exchange (BSE) Recommendations (yes/no ratio): 72 yes, 0 no; 
  Compliance: 18 closed consumer protection related investigations 
  Bank  security:  the  expected  value  of  damages  resulting  from  detected  criminal  offenses  is  HUF 
447,124,093, HUF 460,655,117. In 2021, we filed an official complaint in 620 cases on suspicion of money 
laundering. There is a slight decrease in 2021, when this number changed from 4438 in the previous year 
to 4432, a decrease of 8.4%. In the case of OTP, the ratio of bank card misuse to turnover is still lower 
than the European average published by MasterCard (last year's figures: OTP Bank 0.0071%, European 
average 0.0414%). 
Ethics issues: 26 ethics reports, establishing ethics offense in 2 cases. 

 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

LIST OF NON-AUDIT SERVICES BY SERVICE CATEGORIES USED BY THE BANK  

The statutory audit of OTP Bank is carried out by Ernst and Young Ltd., in addition to which the following 
services were contracted: 

Issue of Comfort letters 

 
  Engagements to review historical financial statements and interim financial statements (ISRE 2400, 

2410) 

  Consultation relating to interpretation and implementation of accounting standards and relating to 

accounting of potential future transaction 

  Pre- or post-transaction due diligence services relating to acquisition of assets or entites or sales 
transactions  or  other  transactions:  financial,  accounting,  taxation,  legal  and  IT  specific  services  - 
except for buy-side lead advisory, transactional and negotiation support 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

FOOTNOTES OF THE TABLE ‘CONSOLIDATED AFTER TAX PROFIT BREAKDOWN BY SUBSIDIARIES 
(IFRS)’ 

General note: regarding OTP Core and other subsidiaries, profit after tax is calculated without received dividends and net 
cash  transfers  (and  other  adjustment  items).  Dividends  and  net  cash  transfers  received  from  non-group  member 
companies  are  shown  on  a  separate  line  in  one  sum  in  the  table,  regardless  to  the  particular  receiver  or  payer  group 
member company. 

(1) Aggregated adjusted after tax profit of OTP Core and foreign banks. 
(2) OTP Core is an economic unit for measuring the result of core business activity of OTP Group in Hungary. Financials 
of OTP Core are calculated from the partially consolidated IFRS financial statements of certain companies engaged in 
OTP Group’s operation in Hungary. These companies include OTP Bank Hungary Plc., OTP Mortgage Bank Ltd, OTP 
Building Society Ltd, OTP Factoring Ltd, OTP Financial Point Ltd., and companies providing intragroup financing; OTP 
Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan Organization  was included from 4Q 2016; OTP Card Factory Ltd., OTP Facility 
Management Llc., MONICOMP Ltd. and OTP Real Estate Leasing Ltd. were included from 1Q 2017 (from 1Q 2019 OTP 
Real Estate Lease Ltd. was eliminated from OTP Core); OTP Mobile Service Llc. and OTP Ingatlanpont Llc. were included 
from 1Q 2019; OTP eBIZ Ltd. was included from 1Q 2020; OTP OTP Home Solutions was included from 2Q 2021. The 
consolidated accounting results of these companies are segmented into OTP Core and Corporate Centre. Latter is a virtual 
entity. 
(3)  The  result  and  balance  sheet  of  OTP  Factoring  Bulgaria  EAD  and  DSK  Leasing  AD  is  included.  From  1Q  2019 
Expressbank AD and its subsidiarieswere included into the Bulgarian operation.  
(4) The statement of recognised income and balance sheet of OTP Leasing d.d. and SB Leasing d.o.o. was included. In 
February 2020 the company name of OTP banka Hrvatska dioničko društvo was changed to OTP banka dioničko društvo. 
(5) The financial performance of OTP Factoring Serbia d.o.o, OTP Lizing d.o.o, OTP Services d.o.o. and the newly acquired 
OTP banka Srbija is included.  
(6) The statement of recognised income and balance sheet of OTP Faktoring SRL and OTP Leasing Romania IFN S.A.was 
included. 
(7) Figures are based on the aggregated financial statements of OTP Bank JSC, LLC OTP Leasing, and OTP Factoring 
Ukraine LLC.  
(8)  The  statement  of  recognised  income  and  balance  sheet  of  LLC  MFO  “OTP  Finance”  is  included  in  the  Russian 
performance.  
(9) The statement of recognised income and balance sheet of the acquired Podgoricka banka was included, which merged 
into the Montenegrin bank in 4Q 2020. 
(10)  P&L  data  are  adjusted  for  the  special  banking  tax  and  the  Slovakian  Deposit  Protection  Fund  contributions  being 
introduced again in 2014, as well as the contribution into the Resolution Fund. Including the financial performance of OTP 
Faktoring Slovensko s.r.o. The sale of the Slovakian subsidiary was concluded at the end of November 2020. 
(11) The subconsolidated adjusted after tax profit of Merkantil Group (Merkantil Bank Ltd., Merkantil Bérlet Ltd., OTP Real 
Estate Leasing Ltd., NIMO 2002 Ltd., SPLC-P Ltd., SPLC Ltd.) was presented (w/o dividends, net cash transfers and other 
adjustment items). 
(12) LLC AMC OTP Capital, OTP Asset Management SAI S.A. (Romania), DSK Asset Management EAD (Bulgaria). 
(13) OTP Buildings s.r.o. (Slovakia), Velvin Ventures Ltd. (Belize), R.E. Four d.o.o., Novi Sad (Serbia), SC Aloha Buzz 
SRL, SC Favo Consultanta SRL, SC Tezaur Cont SRL (Romania), Cresco d.o.o. (Croatia), OTP Osiguranje d.d. (Croatia), 
OTP Solution Fund (Ukraine). 
(14) Within OTP Group, the Corporate Centre acts as a virtual entity established by the equity investment of OTP Core for 
managing the wholesale financing activity for all the subsidiaries within OTP Group but outside OTP Core. Therefore the 
balance  sheet  of  the  Corporate  Centre  is  funded  by  the  equity  and  intragroup  lending  received  from  OTP  Core,  the 
intragroup  lending  received  from  other  subsidiaries,  and  the  subordinated  debt  and  senior  notes  issued  by  OTP  Bank. 
From this funding pool, the Corporate Centre is to provide intragroup lending to, and hold equity stakes in OTP subsidiaries 
outside  OTP  Core.  Main  subsidiaries  financed  by  Corporate  Centre  are  as  follows:  Hungarians:  Merkantil  Bank  Ltd, 
Merkantil  Leasing  Ltd,  OTP  Fund  Management  Ltd,  OTP  Real  Estate  Fund  Management  Ltd,  OTP  Life  Annuity  Ltd; 
foreigners: banks, leasing companies, factoring companies. 
(15) Total Hungarian subsidiaries: sum of the adjusted after tax results of Hungarian group members, Corporate Centre 
and related eliminations. 
(16) Total Foreign subsidiaries: sum of the adjusted after tax profits of foreign subsidiaries.

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

CALCULATION OF THE ADJUSTED LINES OF IFRS PROFIT AND LOSS STATEMENTS, AS WELL AS 
THE ADJUSTED BALANCE SHEET LINES PRESENTED IN THE REPORT, AND THE METHODOLOGY 
FOR CALCULATING THE FX-ADJUSTED VOLUME CHANGES 

In order to present Group level trends in a comprehensive way in the Report, the presented consolidated and separate 
profit and loss statements of this report were adjusted in the following way, and the adjusted P&Ls are shown and analysed 
in the report. Consolidated accounting figures together with Separate accounting figures of OTP Bank are still disclosed in 
the Supplementary Data section. 

Adjustments affecting the income statement: 

 The after tax effect of adjustment items (certain, typically non-recurring items from banking operations’ point of view) are 
shown separately in the Statement of Recognised Income. The following adjustment items emerged in the period under 
review and the previous year: received dividends, received and paid cash transfers, the effect of goodwill/investment 
impairment  charges,  special  tax  on  financial  institutions,  the  expected  one-off  negative  effect  of  the  debt  repayment 
moratorium in Hungary and Serbia, the impact of fines imposed by the Hungarian Competition Authority, the effect of 
acquisitions, and from 2021 the result of the treasury share swap agreement (earlier the latter was presented amongst 
the one-off revenue items in the adjusted income statement structure).  

Beside the Slovakian banking levy payable until 2Q 2020, the total amount of the special banking tax includes and the 
Slovakian Deposit Protection Fund contributions being introduced again in 2014, and the contribution into the Resolution 
Fund in Slovakia, too.  

 In 4Q 2019 the following items have been moved from the Other operating expenses line among the Net interest income 
after loss allowance, impairment and provisions line: Release of loss allowance on securities at fair value through other 
comprehensive income and on securities at amortized cost, Provision for commitments and guarantees given, Release 
of  impairment  of  assets  subject  to  operating  lease  and  of  investment  properties.  In  the  adjusted  P&L  structure  these 
items are presented amongst the Other provisions (adj.) line (through the Structural correction between Provision for 
loan losses and Other provisions adjustment line). From 1Q 2021 the Provision for commitments and guarantees given 
line  contains  lending  activity-related  amounts,  therefore  this  line  is  no  longer  shifted  from  1Q  2021.  In  3Q  2021 
(retrospectively from 3Q 2020) the components of the new Gain from derecognition of financial assets at amortized cost 
line in the accounting P&L were shifted back in the adjusted P&L structure to the lines on which they were presented 
previously. 

 Other  non-interest  income  is  shown  together  with  Gains  and  losses  on  real  estate  transactions,  Net  insurance  result 
(appearing in the accounting P&L structure from 3Q 2017), Gains and losses on derivative instruments, and Gains and 
losses on non-trading securities mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss lines between 1Q 2019 – 4Q 2019, but 
without the above mentioned income from the release of pre-acquisition provisions and without received cash transfers. 
However other non-interest expenses stemming from non-financial activities are added to the adjusted net other non-
interest  income  line,  therefore  the  latter  incorporates  the  net  amount  of  other  non-interest  income  from  non-financial 
activities. 

 OTP Bank’s share in the change in the shareholders’ equity of companies consolidated with equity method is reclassified 
from the After tax dividends and net cash transfers line to the Net other non-interest result (adj.) without one-offs line. In 
the addition to this, OTP Bank has changed the way how private equity funds managed by PortfoLion are recorded. As 
a  result  of  this,  as  opposed  to  the  previous  method  of  recording  the  funds  at  book  value  (initial  book  value  less 
impairments),  the  funds  are  now  evaluated  based  on  their  net  asset  value.  The  change  in  the  carrying  value  was 
reclassified to the Net other non-interest result (adj.) without one-offs line in the adjusted P&L structure. Furthermore, 
received  cash  transfers  within  the  framework  of  the  subsidy  programme  targeting  the  expansion  of  POS  network  in 
Hungary were reclassified from the After tax dividends and net cash transfers line to the Net other non-interest result 
(adj.) without one-offs line.  

 Other provisions are separated from other expenses and shown on a separate line in the adjusted profit or loss statement.  

 Other  administrative  expenses  have  been  adjusted  in  the  following  way  in  order  to  create  a  category  comprising 
administrative cost items exclusively. Other costs and expenses and other non-interest expenses were included into the 
adjusted Other non-interest expenses. At the same time, the following cost items were excluded from adjusted other non-
interest expenses: paid cash transfers (except for movie subsidies and cash transfers to public benefit organisations, 
whereas from 2019 certain part of cash transfers to public benefit organizations was presented amongst net fees and 
commissions),  Other  other  non-interest  expenses  stemming  from  non-financial  activities,  and  special  tax  on  financial 
institutions. 

 Tax deductible transfers (offset against corporate taxes) paid by Hungarian group members were reclassified from Other 
non-interest expenses to Corporate income tax. As a result, the net P&L effect of these transfers (i.e. the paid transfer 
less the related corporate tax allowances) is recognised in the corporate income tax line of the adjusted P&L. The amount 
of tax deductible transfers offset against the special tax on financial institutions is shown on a net base on the special tax 
on financial institutions line. 

 The  financial  transaction  tax  paid  in  Hungary  is  reclassified  from  other  (administrative)  expenses  to  net  fee  and 

commission income, both on consolidated and OTP Core level. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

 OTP Group is hedging the revaluation result of the FX provisions on its FX loans and interest claims by keeping hedging 
open FX positions. In the accounting statement of recognized income, the revaluation of FX provisions is part of the risk 
costs (within  line “Provision for loan losses”), other provisions and net interest income lines,  whereas  the revaluation 
result of the hedging open FX positions is made through other non-interest income (within line “Foreign exchange result, 
net”). The two items have the same absolute amount but an opposite sign. As an adjustment to the accounting statement 
of income, these items are eliminated from the adjusted P&L. By modifying only the structure of the income statement, 
this correction does not have any impact on the bottom line net profits.  

 The  Compensation  Fund    contributions  are  recognized  on  the  Other  administrative  expenses  line  of  the  accounting 
income statement, and are presented on the financial transaction tax and/or Special tax on financial institutions line the 
in the adjusted P&L structure (due to the tax deductibility). 

 In case of OTP Banka Slovensko and OTP Bank Romania the total revaluation result of intra-group swap deals – earlier 
booked partly within the net interest income, but also on the Foreign exchange gains and Net other non-interest result 
lines within total Other non-interest income – is presented on a net base on the net interest income line.  

 Due to the introduction of IFRS16, certain items previously presented on the Other non-interest expenses line (rental 
fees) were moved to the interest expenses and depreciation lines in the accounting income statement. These items were 
shifted back to the Other non-interest expenses line in the adjusted P&L structure. 

 Staring from 2020 the currency exchange result was shifted in the accounting P&L structure from the FX result to the net 
fees and commissions line, retroactively for the 2019 base period as well. In the adjusted P&L structure this item is moved 
to the FX result line. 

 In 4Q 2021 the Modification gains or losses line (one of the components of the Provision for impairment on loan and 
placement losses) was presented on a separate line in the accounting P&L structure, retroactively from 1Q 2020. In the 
adjusted P&L this line was shifted back to the Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses line. Secondly, in 
4Q 2021 the Gains and losses on non-trading securities mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss line was moved 
from the Gains / losses on securities to the Fair value adjustment on financial instruments measured at fair value through 
profit or loss line in the accounting P&L structure, retroactively from 1Q 2020. In the adjusted P&L this item remained 
part of the Gains / losses on securities. Thirdly, from 1Q 2021 the local business taxes and the innovation contribution 
payable  by  Hungarian  Group  members  were  booked  on  the  Income  tax  expenses  line,  whereas  these  items  were 
recognised amongst the Other general expenses. In 4Q 2021 this change was retrospectively reflected in the full-year 
2020 accounting P&L, too, but in the adjusted P&L structure for the 2020 base period we continue to present these items 
amongst the Other non-interest expenses.  

 Performance indicators (such as cost/income ratio, net interest margin, risk cost to average gross loans as well as ROA 
and  ROE  ratios,  etc.)  presented  in  this  report  are  calculated  on  the  basis  of  the  adjusted  profit  and  loss  statement 
excluding adjustment items (unless otherwise indicated).  

 Within the report, FX-adjusted statistics for business volume developments and their product breakdown, as well as the 
FX-adjusted stock of allowances for loan losses are disclosed, too. For FX adjustment, the closing cross currency rates 
for the current period were used to calculate the HUF equivalent of loan and deposit volumes in the base periods. Thus 
the 
the  
FX-adjusted volume change of DPD90+ loans (adjusted for sales and write-offs), instead of the previously applied 3Q 
2009 FX rates, from 4Q 2020 onwards the actual end of period FX rates are used for calculating the FX-adjusted figures. 

earlier.  Regarding 

volumes  will 

FX-adjusted 

published 

different 

those 

from 

be 

Adjustments affecting the balance sheet: 

 On 17 February 2020 OTP Bank announced the signing of the sale agreement of its Slovakian subsidiary. According to 
IFRS 5 the Slovakian bank was presented as a discontinued operation in the consolidated income statement and balance 
sheet  until  it  was  sold.  With  regards  to  the  consolidated  accounting  balance  sheet,  all  assets  and  liabilities  of  the 
Slovakian bank were shown on one line until 9M 2020 in the balance sheet (by the end of 4Q 2020 the Slovakian entity 
was deconsolidated). As for the consolidated accounting income statement, the Slovakian contribution for 2020 (in 2020 
the January-October contribution was consolidated) was shown separately from the result of continued operation, on the 
Loss from discontinued operation line, i.e. the particular P&L lines in the ‘continuing operations’ section of the accounting 
P&L  don’t  incorporate  the  contribution  from  the  Slovakian  subsidiary.  As  opposed  to  this,  the  adjusted  financial 
statements  presented  in  the  Stock  Exchange  Report  incorporated  the  Slovakian  banks’  balance  sheet  and  P&L 
contribution  in  the  relevant  respective  lines,  in  line  with  the  structure  of  the  financial  statements  monitored  by  the 
management.  

 From the end of 2020, OTP Osiguranje d.d. was presented as asset classified as held for sale in the accounting financial 
statements. Accordingly, from end-2020 until its deconsolidation, i.e. until 2Q 2021 its assets and liabilities were shown 
on a separate line in the consolidated balance sheet. Regarding the 2020 and 2021 accounting statement of recognized 
income, the entity’s result was presented on the Gains from held for trading operations line, therefore the particular P&L 
lines in the ‘continuing operations’ section of the accounting P&L don’t incorporate the contribution from this entity. As 
opposed to this, the adjusted financial statements presented in the Stock Exchange Report incorporated the company’s 
balance sheet and P&L contribution in the relevant respective lines, in line with the structure of the financial statements 
monitored by the management. 

 Finance lease receivables – earlier presented within customer loans – are shown on a separate line in the accounting 
balance sheet from the end of 2019. As for the adjusted balance sheet, net customer loans continue to include the stock 
of finance lease receivables.  

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

 In the adjusted balance sheets presented in the analytical section of the report, the Stage 3 loans under IFRS 9 were 
netted with the provisions created in relation to the total exposure toward those particular clients, in case of the affected 
Group members. Therefore, this adjustment made on the accounting balance sheet has an impact on the consolidated 
gross customer loans and allowances for loan losses. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

ADJUSTMENTS ON THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS (IFRS) 

Net interest income 
(-) Revaluation result of FX provisions 
(+) Presentation of the revaluation result of intra-group swaps on the net interest income line realized at the Romanian 
and Slovakian operations 
(-) Netting of interest revenues on DPD90+ loans with the related provision (booked on the Provision for loan losses 
line) at OTP Core and CKB 
(-) Effect of acquisitions 
(-) Initial NPV gain on the monetary policy interest rate swap (MIRS) deals 
(-) Reclassification due to the introduction of IFRS16 
(+) Presentation of the contribution from discontinued operation on the adjusted P&L lines 
(-) Expected one-off negative effect of the debt repayment moratorium in Hungary and Serbia 
Net interest income (adj.)  

Net fees and commissions 
(+) Financial Transaction Tax 
(-) Effect of acquisitions 
(+) Presentation of the contribution from discontinued operation on the adjusted P&L lines 
(-) Structural shift of income from currency exchange from net fees to the FX result 
Net fees and commissions (adj.) 

Foreign exchange result 
(-) Revaluation result of FX positions hedging the revaluation of FX provisions 
(-) Presentation of the revaluation result of intra-group swaps on the net interest income line realized at the Romanian 
and Slovakian operations 
(-) Effect of acquisitions 
(+) Presentation of the contribution from discontinued operation on the adjusted P&L lines 
(+) Structural shift of income from currency exchange from net fees to the FX result 
Foreign exchange result (adj.) 

Gain/loss on securities, net 
(-) Effect of acquisitions 
(+) Presentation of the contribution from discontinued operation on the adjusted P&L lines 
(-) Revaluation result of the treasury share swap agreement 
(+) Structural adjustment due to the Gain from derecognition of financial assets at amortized cost line (against Gain/loss 
on securities, net) 
(+) Shifting of the Gains and losses on non-trading securities mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss line from the 
Net other non-interest income to the Gains or losses from securities line  
Gain/loss on securities, net (adj.) with one-offs 
(-) Revaluation result of the treasury share swap agreement (booked as Gain on securities, net (adj) at OTP Core) 
Gain/loss on securities, net (adj.) without one-offs 

Result of discontinued operation and gains from disposal of subsidiaries classified as held for sale 
(-) Effect of acquisitions 
Result of discontinued operation and gains from disposal of subsidiaries classified as held for sale (adj.) 

Gains and losses on real estate transactions 
Result of discontinued operation and gains from disposal of subsidiaries classified as held for sale (adj.) 
(+) Other non-interest income 
(+) Gains and losses on derivative instruments 
(+) Net insurance result 
(+) Losses on loans measured mandatorily at fair value through other comprehensive income and on securities 
at amortized cost 
(-) Shifting of the Gains and losses on non-trading securities mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss line from the 
Net other non-interest income to the Gains or losses from securities line  
(-) Received cash transfers 
(+) Other other non-interest expenses 
(+) Change in shareholders' equity of companies consolidated with equity method, and the change in the net asset 
value of the private equity funds managed by PortfoLion 
(-) Effect of acquisitions 
(-) Presentation of the revaluation result of intra-group swaps on the net interest income line realized at the Romanian 
and Slovakian operations 
(-) One-off impact of the CHF mortgage loan conversion programme and regulatory changes related to mortgage loans 
in Romania 
(-) Impact of fines imposed by the Hungarian Competition Authority 
(-) Netting of refunds related to legal cases (accounted for on the Net other non-interest result line) with the release of 
provisions created earlier for these cases (accounted for on the Other provisions line) from 1Q 2017 at OTP Bank 
Romania 
(+) Presentation of the contribution from discontinued operation on the adjusted P&L lines 
(-) Expected one-off negative effect of the debt repayment moratorium in Hungary and Serbia 
Net other non-interest result (adj.) without one-offs 

Gain from derecognition of financial assets at amortized cost 
(-) Structural adjustment due to the Gain from derecognition of financial assets at amortized cost line (against Gain/loss 
on securities, net) 
(-) Structural adjustment due to the Gain from derecognition of financial assets at amortized cost line (against Provision 
for impairment on loan and placement losses) 
Gain from derecognition of financial assets at amortized cost (adj.) 

2021 
HUF million 
874,310 
0 

2020 
HUF million 
782,673 
(57) 

625 

337 

1,131 

(2,680) 
0 
(1,556) 
46 
(5,925) 
884,012 

442,177 
(68,818) 
(33) 
0 
47,843 
325,548 

(4,075) 
0 

(492) 

0 
(10) 
47,843 
44,251 

5,559 
(1,077) 
14 
2,766 

1,031 

4,812 

9,726 
- 
9,726 

116 
(165) 
282 

6,424 
282 
74,246 
6,797 
657 

(532) 

4,812 

165 
(44,882) 

11,155 

(4) 

1,117 

(948) 

0 

(194) 

387 
0 
49,586 

1,884 

1,031 

854 

0 

5,951 

(600) 
0 
(1,623) 
8,755 
15 
788,079 

397,635 
(61,588) 
(145) 
3,210 
46,290 
293,112 

7,864 
11,195 

(1,964) 

0 
3 
46,290 
44,927 

7,464 
(98) 
349 

1,402 

7,239 

16,553 
2,360 
14,193 

5,590 
7,496 
(1,907) 

3,631 
(1,907) 
29,109 
11,339 
721 

4,843 

7,239 

65 
(5,800) 

128 

7,264 

2,301 

(226) 

823 

(216) 

3,149 
(1,646) 
29,610 

3,380 

1,402 

1,978 

0 

Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses 
(+) Modification gains or losses 
(+) Change in the fair value attributable to changes in the credit risk of loans mandatorily measured at fair 
value through profit of loss  

(27,723) 
(13,672) 

(16,289) 

(172,520) 
(29,773) 

(3,262) 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

(+) Loss allowance on securities at fair value through other comprehensive income and on securities at 
amortized cost 
(+) Provision for commitments and guarantees given 
(+) Impairment of assets subject to operating lease and of investment properties 
(-) Revaluation result of FX provisions 
(-) One-off impact of the CHF mortgage loan conversion programme and regulatory changes related to mortgage loans 
in Romania 
(+) Netting of interest revenues on DPD90+ loans with the related provision (booked on the Provision for loan losses 
line) at OTP Core and CKB 
(-) Effect of acquisitions 
(-) Structural correction between Provision for loan losses and Other provisions 
(+) Presentation of the contribution from discontinued operation on the adjusted P&L lines 
(-) Expected one-off negative effect of the debt repayment moratorium in Hungary and Serbia 
(+) Structural adjustment due to the Gain from derecognition of financial assets at amortized cost line (against Provision 
for impairment on loan and placement losses) 
Provision for impairment on loan and placement losses (adj.) 
Dividend income 
(+) Received cash transfers 
(+) Paid cash transfers 
(-) Sponsorships, subsidies and cash transfers to public benefit organisations 
(-) Dividend income of swap counterparty shares kept under the treasury share swap agreement  
(-) Change in shareholders' equity of companies consolidated with equity method, and the change in the net asset 
value of the private equity funds managed by PortfoLion 
(+) Presentation of the contribution from discontinued operation on the adjusted P&L lines 
After tax dividends and net cash transfers 

Depreciation 
(-) Effect of acquisitions 
(-) Reclassification due to the introduction of IFRS16 
(+) Presentation of the contribution from discontinued operation on the adjusted P&L lines 
Depreciation (adj.) 

Personnel expenses 
(-) Effect of acquisitions 
(+) Presentation of the contribution from discontinued operation on the adjusted P&L lines 
Personnel expenses (adj.) 

Income taxes 
(-) Corporate tax impact of goodwill/investment impairment charges 
(-) Corporate tax impact of the special tax on financial institutions 
(+) Tax deductible transfers (offset against corporate taxes) 
(-) Corporate tax impact of the effect of fines imposed by the Hungarian Competition Authority  
(-) Corporate tax impact of the effect of acquisitions 
(+) Presentation of the contribution from discontinued operation on the adjusted P&L lines 
(-) Corporate tax impact of the expected one-off negative effect of the debt repayment moratorium in Hungary and 
Serbia 
(-) Corporate tax impact of the result of the treasury share swap agreement 
(-) Shifting of the Hungarian local business tax and innovation contribution for 2020 between corporate income tax and 
other non-interest expenses 
Corporate income tax (adj.) 

Other operating expense 
(-) Other costs and expenses 
(-) Other non-interest expenses 
(-) Effect of acquisitions 
(-) Revaluation result of FX provisions 
(-) One-off impact of the CHF mortgage loan conversion programme and regulatory changes related to mortgage loans 
in Romania 
(-) Netting of refunds related to legal cases (accounted for on the Net other non-interest result line) with the release of 
provisions created earlier for these cases (accounted for on the Other provisions line) from 1Q 2017 at OTP Bank 
Romania 
(+) Structural correction between Provision for loan losses and Other provisions 
(+) Presentation of the contribution from discontinued operation on the adjusted P&L lines 
(-) Expected one-off negative effect of the debt repayment moratorium in Hungary and Serbia 
Other provisions (adj.) 

Other administrative expenses 
(+) Other costs and expenses 
(+) Other non-interest expenses 
(-) Paid cash transfers 
(+) Film subsidies and cash transfers to public benefit organisations 
(-) Other other non-interest expenses 
(-) Special tax on financial institutions (recognised as other administrative expenses) 
(-) Tax deductible transfers (offset against corporate taxes) 
(-) Financial Transaction Tax 
(-) Effect of acquisitions 
(+) Reclassification due to the introduction of IFRS16 
(+) Presentation of the contribution from discontinued operation on the adjusted P&L lines 
(+) Shifting of the Hungarian local business tax and innovation contribution for 2020 between corporate income tax and 
other non-interest expenses 
(-) Expected one-off negative effect of the debt repayment moratorium in Hungary and Serbia 
Other non-interest expenses (adj.) 

2021 
HUF million 

2020 
HUF million 

(3,974) 

(99) 
438 
0 

339 

1,131 

0 
(3,536) 
0 
(10,131) 

854 

(46,006) 
15,648 
165 
(11,992) 
(11,873) 
3,809 

11,155 

0 
729 

(94,995) 
(6,134) 
(16,064) 
(20) 
(72,816) 

(340,684) 
(781) 
(298) 
(340,201) 

(72,123) 
1,909 
1,787 
(8,137) 
0 
5,738 
(18) 

1,487 

(249) 

(90,951) 

(85,733) 
(6,508) 
(56,874) 
0 
0 

609 

194 

(3,536) 
4 
(153) 
(26,532) 

(311,931) 
(6,508) 
(56,874) 
(11,992) 
(11,873) 
(44,882) 
(20,680) 
(8,137) 
(68,818) 
(10,370) 
(17,620) 
(106) 

(318) 
(239,716) 

(7,309) 

(8,662) 
877 
(10,997) 

459 

5,951 

(2,149) 
(15,094) 
(3,024) 
(29,543) 

1,978 

(158,421) 
527 
65 
(12,768) 
(12,508) 
0 

128 

8 
213 

(92,762) 
(7,415) 
(16,447) 
(1,385) 
(70,286) 

(308,643) 
(2,785) 
(6,638) 
(312,495) 

(43,918) 
886 
1,773 
(8,083) 
(74) 
497 
(80) 

2,913 

(16,542) 

(41,534) 

(39,447) 
(7,506) 
(18,568) 
1,022 
(141) 

(233) 

216 

(15,094) 
(243) 
0 
(29,574) 

(289,721) 
(7,506) 
(18,568) 
(12,768) 
(12,508) 
(5,800) 
(19,138) 
(8,083) 
(61,588) 
(9,940) 
(18,069) 
(4,105) 

(16,542) 

(249,702) 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

ADJUSTMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED IFRS BALANCE SHEET LINES 

Cash, amounts due from Banks and balances with the National Banks 
(+) Allocation of Assets classified as held for sale among balance sheet lines 
Cash, amounts due from Banks and balances with the National Banks (adjusted) 

Placements with other banks, net of allowance for placement losses 
(+) Allocation of Assets classified as held for sale among balance sheet lines 
Placements with other banks, net of allowance for placement losses (adjusted) 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
(+) Allocation of Assets classified as held for sale among balance sheet lines 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (adjusted) 

Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 
(+) Allocation of Assets classified as held for sale among balance sheet lines 
Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income (adjusted) 

Gross customer loans (incl. finance lease receivables and accrued interest receivables related to 
loans) 
(-) Accrued interest receivables related to DPD90+ / Stage 3 loans 
(+) Allocation of Assets classified as held for sale among balance sheet lines 
Gross customer loans (adjusted) 

Allowances for loan losses (incl. impairment of finance lease receivables) 
(-) Allocated provision on accrued interest receivables related to DPD90+ / Stage 3 loans 
(+) Allocation of Assets classified as held for sale among balance sheet lines 
Allowances for loan losses (adjusted) 

Securities at amortized costs 
(+) Allocation of Assets classified as held for sale among balance sheet lines 
Securities at amortized costs (adjusted) 

Tangible and intangible assets, net 
(+) Allocation of Assets classified as held for sale among balance sheet lines 
Tangible and intangible assets, net (adjusted) 

Other assets 
(+) Allocation of Assets classified as held for sale among balance sheet lines 
Other assets (adjusted) 

2021 
HUF million 
2,556,035 
0 
2,556,035 

1,584,860 
0 
1,584,860 

341,397 
0 
341,397 

2,224,510 
0 
2,224,510 

16,670,469 

36,015 
0 
16,634,454 

(926,547) 
(36,015) 
0 
(890,532) 

3,891,335 
0 
3,891,335 

689,290 
0 
689,290 

454,811 
0 
454,811 

2020 
HUF million 
2,432,312 
3 
2,432,314 

1,148,744 
244 
1,148,987 

234,006 
1,188 
235,194 

2,136,709 
3,410 
2,140,118 

14,401,930 

38,650 
0 
14,363,281 

(873,344) 
(38,650) 
0 
(834,695) 

2,624,921 
1,031 
2,625,952 

589,743 
135 
589,878 

588,378 
(6,010) 
582,368 

Amounts due to banks, the National Governments, deposits from the National Banks and other 
banks, and Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss 
(+) Allocation of Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held-for-sale among balance sheet 
lines 
Amounts due to banks, the National Governments, deposits from the National Banks and other 
banks, and Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss (adjusted) 

1,608,533 

1,219,446 

0 

0 

1,608,533 

1,219,446 

Deposits from customers 
(+) Allocation of Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held-for-sale among balance sheet 
lines 
Deposits from customers (adjusted) 

21,068,644 

17,890,863 

0 

0 

21,068,644 

17,890,863 

Other liabilities 
(+) Allocation of Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held-for-sale among balance sheet 
lines 
Other liabilities (adjusted) 

1,124,782 

0 

1,124,782 

949,502 

0 

949,502 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

STATEMENT  OF  PROFIT  OR  LOSS  OF  OTP  BANK  PLC.,  ACCORDING  TO  IFRS  STANDARDS  AS 
ADOPTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION (CONSOLIDATED)1 

2021 
HUF million 

2020 
HUF million 

Change
%

CONTINUING OPERATIONS 

Interest income calculated using the effective interest method 
Income similar to interest income  

Interest incomes 
Interest expenses 

NET INTEREST INCOME 
Risk cost total 

Loss allowance / Release of loss allowance on loans, placements and repo  
receivables 
Change in the fair value attributable to changes in the credit risk of loans  
mandatorily measured at fair value through profit of loss  
Loss allowance / Release of loss allowance on securities at fair value through  
other comprehensive income and on securities at amortized cost 
Provision for commitments and guarantees given 
Impairment / (Release of impairment) of assets subject to operating lease and of  
investment properties 

NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER LOSS ALLOWANCE, IMPAIRMENT AND  
PROVISIONS 

Income from fees and commissions 
Expense from fees and commissions 
Net profit from fees and commissions  
Modification gain or loss 

Foreign exchange gains / losses, net 

Foreign exchange result 
Gains and losses on derivative instruments 

Gains / Losses on securities, net 
Gain from derecognition of financial assets at amortized cost 
Gains / Losses on financial assets /liabilities measured at fair value through profit  
or loss 
Dividend income and gain / loss from associated companies 
Other operating income 

Gains and losses on real estate transactions 
Other non-interest income 
Net insurance result 
Other operating expense 

Net operating income 
Personnel expenses 
Depreciation and amortization 
Other administrative expenses 
Other administrative expenses 

PROFIT BEFORE INCOME TAX  
Income tax expense 

NET PROFIT FOR THE PERIOD FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 

922,539 
194,920 
1,117,459 
(243,149) 
874,310 
(47,645) 

841,901 
135,986 
977,887 
(195,216) 
782,671 
(190,875) 

(27,721) 

(172,520) 

(16,289) 

(3,262) 

(3,974) 
(99) 

(7,309) 
(8,662) 

438 

878 

826,665 
554,113 
(111,939) 
442,174 
(13,672) 
2,723 
(4,075) 
6,798 
5,560 
1,885 

(532) 
15,648 
81,328 
6,424 
74,246 
657 
(85,732) 
20,880 
(340,684) 
(94,996) 
(311,932) 
(747,612) 
528,435 
(72,123) 
456,312 

591,796 
486,529 
(88,896) 
397,633 
(29,773) 
19,204 
7,864 
11,340 
7,465 
3,380 

4,843 
527 
33,461 
3,631 
29,109 
721 
(39,447) 
29,433 
(308,642) 
(92,761) 
(289,722) 
(691,125) 
297,964 
(43,918) 
254,046 

10
43
14
25
12
(75)

(84)

399

(46)
(99)

(50)

40
14
26
11
(54)
(86)
(152)
(40)
(26)
(44)

(111)

143
77
155
(9)
117
(29)
10
2
8
8
77
64
80

From this, attributable to: 
Non-controlling interest 
Owners of the company 
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS 
Gains from disposal of subsidiaries classified as held for sale 
Loss from discontinued operation 
PROFIT FROM CONTINUING AND DISCOUNTINUED OPERATION 
1 The rows of the table are based on audited numbers, but the structure of the table can differ from the IFRS financial statements presented in the Annual 
Report (certain rows might be merged or represent different level of aggregation). 

0 
116 
456,428 

199 
5,391 
259,636 

836 
455,476 

220 
253,826 

(98)
76

280
79

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

BUSINESS REPORT 2021 (CONSOLIDATED) 

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION OF OTP BANK PLC., ACCORDING TO IFRS STANDARDS AS 
ADOPTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION (CONSOLIDATED)1 

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances with the National Banks 
Placements with other banks, net of loss allowance for placements 
Repo receivables 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 
Loans at amortized cost 
Loans mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss 
Finance lease receivables 
Associates and other investments 
Securities at amortized cost 
Property and equipment 
Intangible assets and goodwill 
Right-of-use assets 
Investment properties 
Derivative financial assets designated as hedge accounting 
Deferred tax assets 
Current income tax receivable 
Other assets 
Assets classified as held for sale / discontinued operations 

TOTAL ASSETS 

Amounts due to banks, the National Governments, deposits from the National Banks  
and other banks  
Repo liabilities 
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 
Deposits from customers 
Liabilities from issued securities 
Derivative financial liabilities held for trading 
Derivative financial liabilities designated as hedge accounting 
Leasing liabilities 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Current income tax payable 
Other liabilities 
Subordinated bonds and loans 
Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held-for-sale / discontinued  
operation 
TOTAL LIABILITIES 
Share capital 
Retained earnings and reserves 
Treasury shares 
Non-controlling interest 
TOTAL SHARHOLDERS' EQUITY 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 

2021 
HUF million 
2,556,035 
1,584,861 
61,052 
341,397 
2,224,510 
13,493,183 
1,068,111 
1,182,628 
67,222 
3,891,335 
411,136 
248,631 
50,726 
29,882 
18,757 
15,109 
29,978 
276,785 
2,046 
27,553,384 

2020 
HUF million 
2,432,312 
1,148,743 
190,849 
234,007 
2,136,709 
11,674,842 
802,605 
1,051,140 
52,443 
2,624,920 
322,766 
239,004 
46,283 
38,601 
6,820 
22,317 
38,936 
266,474 
6,070 
23,335,841 

1,567,348 

1,185,315 

79,047 
41,184 
21,068,644 
436,325 
202,716 
11,228 
53,286 
24,045 
36,581 
717,880 
278,334 

117,991 
34,131 
17,890,863 
464,213 
104,823 
11,341 
48,451 
25,990 
27,684 
607,737 
274,704 

Change
%
5
38
(68)
46
4
16
33
13
28
48
27
4
10
(23)
175
(32)
(23)
4
(66)
18

32

(33)
21
18
(6)
93
(1)
10
(7)
32
18
1

0 

5,486 

(100)

24,516,618 
28,000 
3,109,509 
(106,941) 
6,198 
3,036,766 
27,553,384 

20,798,729 
28,000 
2,629,076 
(124,080) 
4,116 
2,537,112 
23,335,841 

18
0
18
(14)
51
20
18

1 The rows of the table are based on audited numbers, but the structure of the table can differ from the IFRS financial statements presented in the Annual 
Report (certain rows might be merged or represent different level of aggregation). 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT 
(CONSOLIDATED AND SEPARATE, IN ACCORDANCE WITH IFRS) 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ernst & Young Kft. 
Ernst & Young Ltd. 
H-1132 Budapest Váci út 20. 
1399 Budapest 62. Pf.632, Hungary 

  Tel: +36 1 451 8100 
Fax: +36 1 451 8199 
www.ey.com/hu 
Cg. 01-09-267553 

This is a translation of the Hungarian Report 

Independent Auditors' Report 

To the Shareholders of OTP Bank Nyrt. 

Report on the audit of the separate financial statements 

Opinion 

in 

(“the 

Company”) 

We have audited the accompanying 2021 separate financial statements of OTP Bank 
Nyrt. 
accompanying 
included 
Nem_konsz_IFRS_beszamolo_20211231_hun03.11.xhtml1  digital 
file,  which 
comprise  the  separate  statement  of  financial  position  as  at  31  December  2021  - 
showing a balance sheet total of HUF 13,710,471 million and a total comprehensive 
income  for  the  year  of  HUF  87,935  million  -,  the  related  separate  profit  or  loss, 
separate  statement  of  comprehensive  income,  separate  statement  of  changes  in 
equity, separate statement of cash flows for the year then ended and notes to the 
separate  financial  statements,  including  a  summary  of  significant  accounting 
policies. 

the 

In  our  opinion  the  separate  financial  statements  give  a  true  and  fair  view  of  the 
financial  position  of  the  Company  as  at  31  December  2021  and  of  its  financial 
performance and its cash flows for the financial year then ended in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the EU (“EU IFRSs”) and 
have been prepared, in all materials respects, in accordance with the supplementary 
requirements  of  Act  C  of  2000  on  Accounting  (“Hungarian  Accounting  Law”) 
relevant for separate financial statements prepared in accordance with EU IFRSs.  

Basis for opinion  

We conducted our audit in accordance with Hungarian National Auditing Standards 
and with applicable laws and regulations in Hungary, including also Regulation (EU) 
No. 537/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on 
specific  requirements  regarding  statutory  audit  of  public-interest  entities 
(“Regulation (EU) No. 537/2014“). Our responsibilities under those standards are 
further  described  in  the  “Auditor’s  responsibilities  for  the  audit  of  the  separate 
financial statements” section of our report.  

1 Digital identification of the above referred 
Nem_konsz_IFRS_beszamolo_20211231_hun03.11.xhtml separate financial statements, 
using SHA 256 HASH algorithm is 
7B70D0042C4F288106C404CF838A2307C84AF2D88D6DE5A53C3599286E52C4ED 

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 1 / 9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We  are  independent  of  the  Company  in  accordance  with  the  applicable  ethical 
requirements according to relevant laws in effect in Hungary and the policy of the 
Chamber  of  Hungarian  Auditors  on  the  ethical  rules  and  disciplinary  proceedings 
and, concerning matters not regulated by any of these, with the International Ethics 
Standards  Board  of  Accountants’  (IESBA)  International  Code  of  Ethics  for 
Professional Accountants (including International Independence Standards) (IESBA 
Code),  and  we  have  fulfilled  our  other  ethical  responsibilities  in  accordance  with 
these requirements.  

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to 
provide a basis for our opinion.  

Emphasis of matter 

We draw attention to Note 47 of notes to the separate financial statements, which 
describes  the  risk  and  potential  impact  of  the  Ukrainian-Russian  conflicts  on  the 
Company and the entire OTP Group’s operation in Ukraine and Russia. Our opinion 
is not modified in respect of this matter. 

Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most 
significance in our audit of the separate financial statements of the current period. 
These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the separate financial 
statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a 
separate opinion on these matters. For each matter below, our description of how 
our audit addressed the matter is provided in that context. 

We have fulfilled the responsibilities described in the “Auditor’s responsibilities for 
the  audit  of  the  separate  financial  statements  section”  of  our  report,  including  in 
relation  to  these  matters.  Accordingly,  our  audit  included  the  performance  of 
procedures  designed  to  respond  to  our  assessment  of  the  risks  of  material 
misstatement  of  the  separate  financial  statements.  The  results  of  our  audit 
procedures,  including  the  procedures  performed  to  address  the  matters  below, 
provide  the  basis  for  our  audit  opinion  on  the  accompanying  separate  financial 
statements. 

Determination of expected credit losses relating to loans at amortised cost 

due 

to 
Material  misstatements 
fraudulent  financial  reporting  often 
result from understatement of expected 
credit losses. 
Credit impairment is a highly subjective 
area  due  to  the  level  of  judgement 

We  involved  valuation  specialists  to 
assist  us 
in  performing  our  audit 
procedures  on  ECL  and  related  credit 
impairments.  Our  audit  procedures 
included  among  others  the  following 
procedures. 

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 2 / 9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the 

applied  by  management  in  determining 
expected  credit 
losses  (“ECL”).  The 
identification  of  impairment  and  the 
determination  of 
recoverable 
amount  are  an  inherently  uncertain 
process  involving  various  assumptions 
including  the  financial 
and  factors, 
condition of the counterparty, expected 
future  cash  flows,  and  expected  net 
selling  prices  of  collaterals.  The 
portfolios which give rise to the greatest 
uncertainty  are  typically  those  where 
impairments are derived from estimates 
of future cash flows and realizable value 
of collateral, calculated using collective 
impairment  models,  are  unsecured  or 
are  subject 
to  potential  collateral 
shortfalls.  These  models  require  the 
of 
significant 
management 
correct 
segmentation, 
identification  of 
significant  changes  in  credit  risk,  the 
inclusion of forward-looking elements as 
well  as  the  application  of  management 
overlay  to  reflect  on  circumstances 
beyond the modelling capabilities.  
Due  to  the  significance  of  loans  at 
amortised  cost  (representing  29%  of 
Total Assets as of 31 December 2021) 
and the related estimation uncertainty, 
this is considered a key audit matter. 

regarding 

judgment 

periodic 

the 

the 

over 

identification 

We assessed the design and tested the 
operating  effectiveness  of 
internal 
controls  over  the  approval,  recording 
and  monitoring  of  loans  at  amortized 
cost and controls over ECL calculations 
including the quality of underlying data 
and  applications.  We  assessed  the 
general 
controls 
IT 
environment  of 
the  applications 
from  audit  perspective 
relevant 
related to the determination of ECL. 
For  ECL  calculated  on  an  individual 
basis, we tested the assumptions used 
by  the  management  underlying  the 
impairment 
and 
quantification  focusing  on  loan  cases 
with  the  most  significant  potential 
impact  on  the  separate 
financial 
statements.  We  also  assessed  the 
management’s  assumptions  on  the 
expected  future  cash  flows,  including 
the  value  of  realisable  collateral  and 
estimates of recovery on default based 
on  our  own  understanding  and 
available market information. 
For  ECL  calculated  on collective  basis 
we  evaluated  the  model  governance, 
and 
methodologies, 
management 
used 
(probability  of  default, 
loss  given 
default,  significant  changes  in  credit 
risk and forward-looking elements).  
We 
regulatory 
measures  on  the  assumptions  applied 
by  the  Company  for  ECL  estimation 
purposes.  
We  also  assessed  whether 
the 
disclosures  in  the  separate  financial 
statements  appropriately  reflect  the 
Company’s exposure to credit risk and 
are compliant with the EU IFRSs. 
The  Company’s  disclosures  about  its 
risk management policies are included 
in Note 2.12 and 36.1 Credit risk which 

assumptions 

considered 

inputs 

the 

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 3 / 9 

 
 
 
the 

specifically 
key 
explains 
assumptions  used  when  determining 
credit  risk  and  their  evaluation  are 
detailed in Note 11 Loans and Note 30 
Risk cost. 

General Information Technology controls 
over the financial reporting process  

recognition 

A  significant  part  of  the  Company's 
financial  reporting  process, 
including 
revenue 
is  significantly 
reliant  on  IT  systems  with  embedded 
automated  processes  and  controls  over 
the  capture,  storage  and  extraction  of 
information.  A  fundamental  component 
of  these  processes  and  controls 
is 
ensuring  appropriate  user  access  and 
change management protocols exist and 
are being adhered to. 
These  protocols  are  important  because 
they  ensure that access and changes to 
IT  systems  and  related  data  are  made 
and  authorized 
in  an  appropriate 
manner. 
As our audit of the financial statements 
sought to place a high level of reliance 
on  IT  systems  and  application  controls 
related  to  financial  reporting,  a  high 
proportion of the overall audit effort has 
been 
to 
out 
understand  and  test  IT  infrastructure 
relevant 
and  applications 
application  controls.  Furthermore,  the 
complexity of IT systems and nature of 
application  controls  requires  special 
technology  expertise  and  specialized 
skills  to  be  involved  in  the  audit  we 
therefore  consider  this  as  a  key  audit 
matter. 

regarding 

including 

carried 

We  focused  our  audit  on  those  IT 
systems  and  controls 
that  are 
significant for the Company’s financial 
reporting.  As  audit  procedures  over 
the IT systems and application controls 
require specific expertise, we involved 
IT  audit  specialists  to  assist  us  in 
performing  our audit procedures.  Our 
included  among 
audit  procedures 
others the following procedures. 
We  understood  and  assessed  the 
overall IT control environment and the 
included 
in  place  which 
controls 
controls  over  access  to  systems  and 
data,  as  well  as  system  changes.  We 
adjusted our audit approach based on 
the financial significance of the system 
and  whether  there  were  automated 
procedures supported by that system.  
As  part  of  our  audit  procedures  we 
tested  the  operating  effectiveness  of 
controls over appropriate access rights 
to  assess  whether  only  appropriate 
users had the ability to create, modify 
or  delete  user  accounts  for  the 
relevant in-scope applications. We also 
tested  the  operating  effectiveness  of 
controls  around  system  development 
and program changes to establish that 
changes 
system  were 
the 
appropriately  authorized,  developed 
and 
implemented.  Additionally,  we 
assessed  and  tested  the  design  and 
the 
effectiveness 
operating 
application  controls  embedded  in  the 
processes relevant to our audit. 

to 

of 

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

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The Company’s disclosures about its IT 
systems  and  related  IT  general  and 
application  controls  are  included  in 
section System of internal controls and 
IT Controls of the Business report. 

Other matters 

The separate financial statements as at 31 December 2020 were audited by another 
auditor  who  expressed  an  unmodified  opinion  on  those  financial  statements  on          
17 March 2021. 

Management is responsible for the presentation of the separate financial statements 
in  the  format  that  complies  with  the  Article  3  of  Commission  (EU)  Regulation 
2019/815 of 17 December 2018 (“ESEF Regulation”). The scope of our audit was 
the  human-readable  content  of  the  electronically  identified  digital  file,  which 
contains the separate financial statements. The scope of our audit did not include to 
review and consequently we do not report on, whether the digitalized information 
complies in all material respect with the requirements of ESEF Regulation. 

Other information 

Other  information  consists  of  the  2021  business  report  of  the  Company  and  the 
“Management’s  Analysis”  section  of  the  annual  report  which  have  been  made 
available  to  us  before  the  date  of  our  independent  auditor’s  report  and  of  the 
“Message to the Shareholders”, “Corporate Governance” and “Macroeconomic and 
financial environment in 2021” sections of the annual report which are expected to 
be  made  available  after  the  date  of  our  independent  auditor’s  report  but  do  not 
include  the  separate  financial  statements  and  our  independent  auditor’s  report. 
Management is responsible for the other information, including preparation of the 
business  report  in  accordance  with  the  Hungarian  Accounting  Law  and  other 
relevant legal requirements, if any. Our opinion on the separate financial statements 
does not cover the other information. 

In connection with our audit of the separate financial statements, our responsibility 
is  to  read  the  business  report  and,  in  doing  so,  consider  whether  1)  the  other 
information is materially inconsistent with the separate financial statements or our 
knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated and 
2)  the  business  report  has  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  the  Hungarian 
Accounting Law and other relevant legal requirements, if any. 

Our opinion on the business report should include the information required according 
to Subsection (2) e) and f) of Section 95/B of the Hungarian Accounting Law and we 
are required to confirm also whether the information prescribed in Subsection (2) a)-
d)  and  g)-h)  of  Section  95/B  of  the  Hungarian  Accounting  Law  have  been  made 
available and whether the business report includes the non-financial statement as 
required by Section 95/C of the Hungarian Accounting Law. 

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 5 / 9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In  our  opinion,  the  business  report  of  the  Company,  including  the  information 
required  according  to  Subsection  (2)  e)  and  f)  of  Section  95/B  of  the  Hungarian 
Accounting  Law  for  2021  is  consistent,  in  all  material  respects,  with  the  2021 
separate financial statements of the Company and the relevant requirements of the 
Hungarian Accounting Law. 

Since  no  other  legal  regulations  prescribe  for  the  Company  further  requirements 
with regard to its business report, we do not express opinion in this regard. 

We  also  confirm  that  the  Company  have  made  available  the  information  required 
according  to  Subsection  (2)  a)-d)  and  g)-h)  of  Section  95/B  of  the  Hungarian 
Accounting Law and that the business report includes the non-financial statement as 
required by Section 95/C of the Hungarian Accounting Law. 

Further to the above, based on the knowledge we have obtained about the Company 
and its environment in the course of the audit we are required to report whether we 
have  identified  any  material  misstatement  in  the  business  report,  and  if  so,  the 
nature of the misstatement in question. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

When  we  read  the  sections  of  the  annual  report,  which  had  not  yet  been  made 
available  to  us  at  the  date  of  this  report,  if  we  conclude  that  there  is  a  material 
misstatement therein, we are required to communicate the matter to those charged 
with governance. 

Responsibilities  of  management  and  those  charged  with  governance  for  the 
separate financial statements 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the separate 
financial  statements  in  accordance  with  EU  IFRSs  and  for  the  preparation  in 
accordance with the supplementary requirements of the Hungarian Accounting Law 
relevant for  separate financial  statements  prepared  in  accordance  with  EU  IFRSs, 
and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the 
preparation  of  separate  financial  statements  that  are  free  from  material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In  preparing  the  separate  financial  statements,  management  is  responsible  for 
assessing  the  Company’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern,  disclosing,  as 
applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of 
accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Company or to cease 
operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Those  charged  with  governance  are  responsible  for  overseeing  the  Company’s 
financial reporting process. 

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 6 / 9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the separate financial statements  

Our  objectives  are  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  separate 
financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due 
to  fraud  or  error,  and  to  issue  an  auditor’s  report  that  includes  our  opinion. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an 
audit conducted in accordance with Hungarian National Auditing Standards and with 
applicable  laws  and  regulations  in  Hungary,  including  also  Regulation  (EU)  No. 
537/2014 will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements 
can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the 
aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions 
of users taken on the basis of these separate financial statements.  

As part of an audit in accordance with Hungarian National Auditing Standards and 
with applicable laws and regulations in Hungary, including also Regulation (EU) No. 
537/2014, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional scepticism 
throughout the audit. We also:  

►  Identify  and  assess  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  of  the  separate 
financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit 
procedures  responsive  to  those  risks,  and  obtain  audit  evidence  that  is 
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not 
detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one 
resulting  from  error,  as  fraud  may  involve  collusion,  forgery,  intentional 
omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.  

► Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to 
design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not 
for  the  purpose  of  expressing  an  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the 
Company’s internal control.  

►  Evaluate  the  appropriateness  of  accounting  policies  used  and  the 
reasonableness  of  accounting  estimates  and  related  disclosures  made  by 
management.  

► Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern 
basis  of  accounting  and,  based  on  the  audit  evidence  obtained,  whether  a 
material  uncertainty  exists  related  to  events  or  conditions  that  may  cast 
significant doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If 
we  conclude  that  a  material  uncertainty  exists,  we  are  required  to  draw 
attention  in  our  auditor’s  report  to  the  related  disclosures  in  the  separate 
financial  statements  or,  if  such  disclosures  are  inadequate,  to  modify  our 
opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the 
date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause 
the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.  

►  Evaluate  the  overall  presentation,  structure  and  content  of  the  separate 
financial  statements,  including  the  disclosures,  and  whether  the  separate 
financial  statements  represent  the  underlying  transactions and  events  in  a 
manner that achieves fair presentation.  

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 7 / 9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We  communicate  with  those  charged  with  governance  regarding,  among  other 
matters,  the  planned  scope  and  timing  of  the  audit  and  significant  audit  findings, 
including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our 
audit.  

We  also  provide  those  charged  with  governance  with  a  statement  that  we  have 
complied  with  relevant  ethical  requirements  regarding  independence,  and  to 
communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be 
thought  to  bear  on  our  independence,  and  where  applicable,  actions  taken  to 
eliminate threats or safeguards applied.  

From the matters communicated with those charged with governance we determine 
those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the  separate financial 
statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters.  

Report on other legal and regulatory requirements  

Reporting requirements on content of auditor’s report in compliance with Regulation 
(EU) No. 537/2014: 

Appointment and Approval of Auditor  

We were appointed as the statutory auditor of the Company by the General Assembly 
of Shareholders of the Company on 16 April 2021. Total uninterrupted engagement 
period,  including  previous  renewals  (extension  of  the  period  for  which  we  were 
originally appointed)  and  reappointments  for  the  statutory  auditor,  has  lasted  for 
one year. 

Consistency with Additional Report to Audit Committee 

Our audit opinion on the separate financial statements expressed herein is consistent 
with the additional report to the audit committee of the Company, which we issued 
in accordance with Article 11 of the Regulation (EU) No. 537/2014 on the same date 
as the date of this report. 

Non-audit Services 

We  declare  that  no  prohibited  non-audit  services  referred  to  in  Article  5(1)  of 
Regulation  (EU)  No.  537/2014  were  provided  by  us  to  the  Company  and  its 
controlled  undertakings  and  we  remained  independent  from  the  Company  in 
conducting the audit.  

In addition to statutory audit services and services disclosed in the business report 
and in the separate financial statements, no other services were provided by us to 
the Company and its controlled undertakings. 

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 8 / 9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report 
is Kónya Zsolt. 

Budapest, 17 March 2022 

The original Hungarian version has been signed. 

Kónya Zsolt 
Engagement partner   
Ernst & Young Kft. 
1132 Budapest, Váci út 20.   
Registration No. 001165 

Nagyváradiné Szépfalvi Zsuzsanna 
Registered auditor 
Chamber membership No.: 005313 

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 9 / 9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ernst & Young Kft. 
Ernst & Young Ltd. 
H-1132 Budapest Váci út 20. 
1399 Budapest 62. Pf.632, Hungary 

  Tel: +36 1 451 8100 
Fax: +36 1 451 8199 
www.ey.com/hu 
Cg. 01-09-267553 

This is a translation of the Hungarian Report 

Independent Auditors' Report 

To the Shareholders of OTP Bank Nyrt. 

Report on the audit of the consolidated financial statements 

Opinion 

We have audited the accompanying 2021 consolidated financial statements of OTP Bank 
Nyrt.  (“the  Company”)  and  its  subsidiaries  (altogether  “the  Group”)  included  in  the 
accompanying  CON  2021-12-31_HU_final_v5_119_1_preview.xhtml1  digital  file,  which 
comprise  the  consolidated  statement  of  financial  position  as  at  31  December  2021  - 
showing a balance sheet total of                           HUF 27,553,384 million and a total 
comprehensive  income  for  the  year  of  HUF  473,322  million  -,  the  related  consolidated 
statement  of  profit  or  loss,  the  consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive  income, 
consolidated statement of changes in equity, consolidated statement of cash flows for the 
year then ended and notes to the consolidated financial statements, including a summary 
of significant accounting policies. 

In  our  opinion  the  consolidated  financial  statements  give  a  true  and  fair  view  of  the 
consolidated  financial  position  of  the  Group  as  at  31  December  2021  and  of  its 
consolidated financial performance and its consolidated cash flows for the financial year 
then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by 
the EU (“EU IFRSs”) and have been prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with 
the supplementary requirements of Act C of 2000 on Accounting (“Hungarian Accounting 
Law”)  relevant  for  consolidated  financial  statements  prepared  in  accordance  with  EU 
IFRSs.  

Basis for opinion  

We  conducted  our  audit  in  accordance  with  Hungarian  National  Auditing  Standards  and 
with  applicable  laws  and  regulations  in  Hungary,  including  also  Regulation  (EU)  No. 
537/2014  of  the  European  Parliament  and  of  the  Council  of  16  April  2014  on  specific 
requirements  regarding  statutory  audit  of  public-interest  entities  (“Regulation  (EU)  No. 
537/2014“).  Our  responsibilities  under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the 
“Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated financial statements” section of 
our report.  

1 Digital identification of the above referred CON 2021-12-31_HU_final_v5_119_1_preview.xhtml 
consolidated financial statements, using SHA 256 HASH algorithm is 
072C2A820D46B8755FFE07F5A12CBC2A0899FFDA58EF9B5C9B355C22A95903DB 

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 1 / 8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We are independent of the Group in accordance with the applicable ethical requirements 
according to relevant laws in effect in Hungary and the policy of the Chamber of Hungarian 
Auditors  on  the  ethical  rules  and  disciplinary  proceedings  and,  concerning  matters  not 
regulated by any of these, with the International Ethics Standards Board of Accountants’ 
(IESBA) International Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (including International 
Independence  Standards)  (IESBA  Code),  and  we  have  fulfilled  our  other  ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. 

We  believe  that  the  audit  evidence  we  have  obtained  is  sufficient  and  appropriate  to 
provide a basis for our opinion.  

Emphasis of matter 

We  draw  attention  to  Note  51  of  notes  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  which 
describes the risk and potential impact of the Ukrainian-Russian conflicts on the Group’s 
operation in Ukraine and Russia. Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter. 

Key audit matters 

Key  audit  matters  are  those  matters  that,  in  our  professional  judgment,  were  of  most 
significance  in  our  audit  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  current  period. 
These  matters  were  addressed  in  the  context  of  our  audit  of  the  consolidated  financial 
statements  as  a  whole,  and  in  forming  our  opinion  thereon,  and  we  do  not  provide  a 
separate opinion on these matters. For each matter below, our description of how our audit 
addressed the matter is provided in that context. 

We  have  fulfilled  the  responsibilities  described  in  the  “Auditor’s  responsibilities  for  the 
audit of the consolidated financial statements section” of our report, including in relation 
to these matters. Accordingly, our audit included the performance of procedures designed 
to  respond  to our  assessment  of  the risks  of  material  misstatement  of the  consolidated 
financial  statements.  The  results  of  our  audit  procedures,  including  the  procedures 
performed to address the matters below, provide the basis for our audit opinion on the 
accompanying consolidated financial statements. 

Determination of expected credit losses relating to loans at amortised cost 

Material  misstatements  due  to  fraudulent 
financial  reporting  often  result 
from 
understatement of expected credit losses. 
Credit  impairment  is  a  highly  subjective 
area due to the level of judgement applied 
by  management  in  determining  expected 
credit losses  (“ECL”). The identification of 
impairment  and  the  determination  of  the 
inherently 
recoverable  amount  are  an 
uncertain 
various 
process 
assumptions  and  factors,  including  the 

involving 

We involved valuation specialists to assist 
us in performing our audit procedures on 
ECL  and  related  credit  impairments.  Our 
audit  procedures  included  among  others 
the following procedures. 
We  assessed  the  design  and  tested  the 
operating  effectiveness  of 
internal 
controls over the approval, recording and 
monitoring of loans at amortized cost and 
controls  over  ECL  calculations  including 
the  quality  of  underlying  data  and 

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 2 / 8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
financial  condition  of  the  counterparty, 
expected  future  cash  flows,  and  expected 
net  selling  prices  of  collaterals.  The 
portfolios  which  give  rise  to  the  greatest 
uncertainty  are  typically  those  where 
impairments are derived from estimates of 
future  cash  flows  and  realizable  value  of 
collateral,  calculated  using  collective 
impairment  models,  are  unsecured  or  are 
subject  to  potential  collateral  shortfalls. 
the  significant 
These  models  require 
of  management 
periodic 
the 
regarding 
identification  of  significant  changes 
in 
credit risk, the inclusion of forward-looking 
elements  as  well  as  the  application  of 
to 
management  overlay 
reflect  on 
the  modelling 
circumstances  beyond 
capabilities.  
Due  to  the  significance  of 
loans  at 
amortised cost (representing  49% of Total 
Assets  as  of  31  December  2021)  and  the 
related  estimation  uncertainty,  this 
is 
considered a key audit matter. 

judgment 
correct 

segmentation, 

realisable 

the  model 

applications.  
We assessed the controls over the general 
the  applications 
IT  environment  of 
relevant from audit perspective related to 
the determination of ECL. 
For ECL calculated on an individual basis, 
we  tested  the  assumptions  used  by  the 
management  underlying  the  impairment 
identification  and  quantification  focusing 
on  loan  cases  with  the  most  significant 
potential 
impact  on  the  consolidated 
financial  statements.  We  also  assessed 
the  management’s  assumptions  on  the 
expected future cash flows, including the 
value  of 
collateral  and 
estimates of recovery on default based on 
our  own  understanding  and  available 
market information.  
For ECL calculated on collective basis we 
evaluated 
governance, 
methodologies,  inputs  and  management 
assumptions used (probability of default, 
loss  given  default,  significant  changes  in 
credit risk and forward-looking elements).  
We  considered  the  regulatory  measures 
on  the  assumptions  applied  by  the 
Company for ECL estimation purposes.  
We also assessed whether the disclosures 
in  the  consolidated  financial  statements 
appropriately 
Group’s 
reflect 
exposure to credit risk and are compliant 
with the EU IFRSs. 
The  Group’s  disclosures  about  its  risk 
management policies are included in Note 
2.14 Loss allowance and Note 37.1 Credit 
risk  which  specifically  explains  the  key 
assumptions  used  when  determining 
credit  risk  and  their  evaluation  are 
detailed  in  Note  11  Loans  at  amortised 
cost  and  at  fair  value  and  Note  31  Loss 
allowance / Impairment / Provisions. 

the 

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 3 / 8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
General  Information  Technology  controls 
over the financial reporting process  

including 

embedded 

A  significant  part  of  the  Group's  financial 
reporting  process, 
revenue 
recognition  is  significantly  reliant  on  IT 
automated 
systems  with 
processes  and  controls  over  the  capture, 
storage  and  extraction  of  information.  A 
fundamental component of these processes 
and  controls  is  ensuring  appropriate  user 
access  and  change  management  protocols 
exist and are being adhered to. 
These protocols are important because they 
ensure that access and changes to IT systems 
and related data are made and authorized in 
an appropriate manner. 
As  our  audit  of  the  financial  statements 
sought to place a high level of reliance on IT 
systems and application controls related to 
financial reporting, a high proportion of the 
overall  audit  effort  has  been  carried  out 
regarding  to  understand  and  test 
IT 
infrastructure  and  applications  including 
relevant application controls. Furthermore, 
the complexity of IT systems and nature of 
application 
special 
technology  expertise  and  specialized  skills 
to  be  involved  in  the  audit  we  therefore 
consider this as a key audit matter. 

requires 

controls 

audit 

and  whether 

We focused our audit on those IT systems 
and  controls  that  are  significant  for  the 
Group’s  financial  reporting.  As  audit 
procedures  over  the  IT  systems  and 
application  controls 
require  specific 
expertise, we involved IT audit specialists 
to  assist  us  in  performing  our  audit 
procedures 
procedures.  Our 
included  among  others  the  following 
procedures. 
We  understood  and  assessed  the  overall 
IT control environment and the controls in 
place which included controls over access 
to  systems  and  data,  as  well  as  system 
changes. We adjusted our audit approach 
based on the financial significance of the 
system 
there  were 
automated procedures supported by that 
system.  
As part of our audit procedures, we tested 
the  operating  effectiveness  of  controls 
over  appropriate  access  rights  to  assess 
whether  only  appropriate  users  had  the 
ability  to  create,  modify  or  delete  user 
accounts 
in-scope 
applications. We also tested the operating 
effectiveness  of  controls  around  system 
development  and  program  changes  to 
establish that changes to the system were 
appropriately  authorized,  developed  and 
implemented.  Additionally,  we  assessed 
and  tested  the  design  and  operating 
effectiveness  of  the  application  controls 
embedded  in  the  processes  relevant  to 
our audit. 
IT 
The  Group’s  disclosures  about 
IT  general  and 
systems  and  related 
application  controls  are 
in 
included 
section System of internal controls and IT 
Controls  in  the  consolidated  business 
report. 

relevant 

the 

for 

its 

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 4 / 8 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other matters 

The consolidated financial statements as at 31 December 2020 were audited by another 
auditor who expressed an unmodified opinion on those financial statements on 17 March 
2021. 

Management is responsible for the presentation of the consolidated financial statements 
in  the  format  that  complies  with  the  Articles  3  and  4  of  Commission  (EU)  Regulation 
2019/815  of  17  December  2018  (“ESEF  Regulation”).  The  scope  of  our  audit  was  the 
human-readable  content  of  the  electronically  identified  digital  file,  which  contains  the 
consolidated  financial  statements.  The  scope  of  our  audit  did  not  include  to  review  and 
consequently  we  do  not  report  on,  whether  the  digitalized  information  complies  in  all 
material respect with the requirements of ESEF Regulation. 

Other information 

Other information consists of the 2021 consolidated business report of the Group and the 
“Management’s Analysis” section of the annual report which have been made available to 
us  before  the  date  of  our  independent  auditor’s  report  and  of  the  “Message  to  the 
Shareholders”, “Corporate Governance” and “Macroeconomic and financial environment 
in 2021” sections of the annual report which are expected to be made available after the 
date  of  our  independent  auditor’s  report  but  do  not  include  the  consolidated  financial 
statements and our independent auditor’s report. Management is responsible for the other 
information, including preparation of the consolidated business report in accordance with 
the Hungarian Accounting Law and other relevant legal requirements, if any. Our opinion 
on the consolidated financial statements does not cover the other information.  

In connection with our audit of the consolidated financial statements, our responsibility is 
to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether 1) the other information 
is  materially  inconsistent  with  the  consolidated  financial  statements  or  our  knowledge 
obtained  in  the  audit  or  otherwise  appears  to  be  materially  misstated  and  2)  the 
consolidated  business  report  has  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  the  Hungarian 
Accounting Law and other relevant legal requirements, if any.  

Our opinion on the consolidated business report should include the information required 
according to Subsection (2) e) and f) of Section 95/B of the Hungarian Accounting Law and 
we are required to confirm also whether the information prescribed in Subsection (2) a)-d) 
and g)-h) of Section 95/B of the Hungarian Accounting Law have been made available and 
whether the consolidated business report includes the non-financial statement as required 
by Subsection (5) of Section 134 of the Hungarian Accounting Law. 

In our opinion,  the consolidated business report of the Group, including the  information 
required according to Subsection (2) e) and f) of Section 95/B of the Hungarian Accounting 
Law for 2021 is consistent, in all material respects, with the 2021 consolidated financial 
statements of the Group and the relevant requirements of the Hungarian Accounting Law.  

Since no other legal regulations prescribe for the Group further requirements with regard 
to its consolidated business report, we do not express opinion in this regard. 

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 5 / 8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We also confirm that the Group have made available the information required according to 
Subsection (2) a)-d) and g)-h) of Section 95/B of the Hungarian Accounting Law and that 
the  consolidated  business  report  includes  the  non-financial  statement  as  required  by 
Subsection (5) of Section 134 of the Hungarian Accounting Law. 

Further to the above, based on the knowledge we have obtained about the Group and its 
environment in the course of the audit we are required to report whether we have identified 
any  material  misstatement  in  the  other  information,  and  if  so,  the  nature  of  the 
misstatement in question. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

When we read the sections of the annual report, which had not yet been made available to 
us at the date of this report, if we conclude that there is a material misstatement therein, 
we are required to communicate the matter to those charged with governance. 

Responsibilities of management and those charged with governance for the consolidated 
financial statements 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the  consolidated 
financial statements in accordance with the EU IFRSs and for the preparation in accordance 
with  the  supplementary  requirements  of  the  Hungarian  Accounting  Law  relevant  for 
consolidated  financial  statements  prepared  in  accordance  with  EU  IFRSs,  and  for  such 
internal  control  as  management  determines  is  necessary  to  enable  the  preparation  of 
consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due 
to fraud or error. 

In  preparing  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  management  is  responsible  for 
assessing  the  Group’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern,  disclosing,  as  applicable, 
matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless 
management  either  intends  to  liquidate  the  Group  or  to  cease  operations,  or  has  no 
realistic alternative but to do so. 

Those  charged  with  governance  are  responsible  for  overseeing  the  Group’s  financial 
reporting process. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated financial statements  

Our  objectives  are  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  consolidated 
financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud 
or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance 
is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance 
with  Hungarian  National  Auditing  Standards  and  with  applicable  laws and  regulations  in 
Hungary,  including  also  Regulation  (EU)  No.  537/2014  will  always  detect  a  material 
misstatement  when  it  exists.  Misstatements  can  arise  from  fraud  or  error  and  are 
considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected 
to  influence  the  economic  decisions  of  users  taken  on  the  basis  of  these  consolidated 
financial statements.  

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 6 / 8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As  part  of  an audit  in  accordance  with  Hungarian  National  Auditing  Standards and  with 
applicable laws and regulations in Hungary, including also Regulation (EU) No. 537/2014, 
we  exercise  professional  judgment  and maintain  professional  scepticism  throughout  the 
audit. We also:  

► Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial 
statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures 
responsive  to  those  risks,  and  obtain  audit  evidence  that  is  sufficient  and 
appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material 
misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as 
fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or 
the override of internal control.  

► Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design 
audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose 
of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group’s internal control.  

► Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness 

of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by management.  

► Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis 
of  accounting  and,  based  on  the  audit  evidence  obtained,  whether  a  material 
uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on 
the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material 
uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the 
related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements or, if such disclosures 
are  inadequate,  to  modify  our  opinion.  Our  conclusions  are  based  on  the  audit 
evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or 
conditions may cause the Group to cease to continue as a going concern.  

►  Evaluate  the  overall  presentation,  structure  and  content  of  the  consolidated 
financial  statements,  including  the  disclosures,  and  whether  the  consolidated 
financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner 
that achieves fair presentation.  

► Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of 
the  entities  or  business  activities  within  the  Group  to  express  an  opinion  on  the 
consolidated financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision 
and  performance  of  the  group  audit.  We  remain  solely  responsible  for  our  audit 
opinion. 

We communicate  with  those charged  with  governance regarding, among  other matters, 
the  planned  scope  and  timing  of  the  audit  and  significant  audit  findings,  including  any 
significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.  

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied 
with  relevant  ethical  requirements  regarding  independence,  and  to  communicate  with 
them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our 
independence,  and  where  applicable,  actions  taken  to  eliminate  threats  or  safeguards 
applied.  

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 7 / 8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
From the matters communicated with those charged with governance we determine those 
matters that were of most significance in the audit of the consolidated financial statements 
of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters.  

Report on other legal and regulatory requirements  

Reporting requirements on content of auditor’s report in compliance with Regulation (EU) 
No. 537/2014: 

Appointment and Approval of Auditor  

We were appointed as the statutory auditor of OTP Bank Nyrt. by the General Assembly of 
Shareholders of the Company on 16 April 2021. Total uninterrupted engagement period, 
including  previous  renewals  (extension  of  the  period  for  which  we  were  originally 
appointed) and reappointments for the statutory auditor, has lasted for one year. 

Consistency with Additional Report to Audit Committee 

Our audit opinion on the consolidated financial statements expressed herein is consistent 
with  the  additional  report  to  the  audit  committee  of  the  Company,  which  we  issued  in 
accordance with Article 11 of the Regulation (EU) No. 537/2014 on the same date as the 
date of this report. 

Non-audit Services 

We declare that no prohibited non-audit services referred to in Article 5(1) of Regulation 
(EU) No. 537/2014 were provided by us to the Company and its controlled undertakings 
and we remained independent from the Group in conducting the audit.  

In addition to statutory audit services and services disclosed in the consolidated business 
report and in the consolidated financial statements, no other services were provided by us 
to the Company and its controlled undertakings. 

The  engagement  partner  on  the  audit  resulting  in  this  independent  auditor’s  report  is 
Kónya Zsolt. 

Budapest, 17 March 2022 

The original Hungarian version has been signed. 

Kónya Zsolt 
Engagement partner   
Ernst & Young Kft. 
1132 Budapest, Váci út 20.   
Registration No. 001165 

Nagyváradiné Szépfalvi Zsuzsanna 
Registered auditor 
Chamber membership No.: 005313 

A member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited 

Page 8 / 8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH IFRS (2021) 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 

SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
IN ACCORDANCE WITH 
INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS  
AS ADOPTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 

CONTENTS 
SEPARATE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2021 .................................... 5 

SEPARATE STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  31 DECEMBER 2021 ............. 6 

SEPARATE STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR ENDED  31 DECEMBER 

2021 (in HUF mn) ............................................................................................................................. 7 

SEPARATE STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY FOR THE YEAR ENDED  31 

DECEMBER 2021 (in HUF mn) ...................................................................................................... 8 

SEPARATE STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 .................... 9 
NOTE 1:  ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ................................................ 11 

1.1. 
1.2. 

General information ........................................................................................................................... 11 
Basis of accounting ............................................................................................................................ 11 

NOTE 2:  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES ......................................................... 13 
Basis of presentation .......................................................................................................................... 13 
2.1. 

2.2. 
2.3. 

2.4. 
2.5. 

2.6. 
2.7. 

2.8. 
2.9. 

2.10. 
2.11. 

2.12. 
2.13. 

2.14. 

2.15. 
2.16. 

2.17. 
2.18. 

2.19. 
2.20. 

2.21. 
2.22. 
2.23. 
2.24. 
2.25. 
2.26. 

Foreign currency translation .............................................................................................................. 13 
Consolidated financial statements ..................................................................................................... 13 

Investments in subsidiaries, associated companies and other investments ........................................ 13 
Securities at amortised cost................................................................................................................ 14 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss ........................................................................... 14 
Derivative financial instruments designated as a fair value or cash flow hedge ................................ 16 

Offsetting ........................................................................................................................................... 16 
Embedded derivatives ........................................................................................................................ 16 

Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVOCI securities”) ........................ 17 

Loans, placements with other banks, repo receivables and loss allowance for loan, placements and 
repo receivables losses ....................................................................................................................... 17 

Loss allowance .................................................................................................................................. 20 

Option to designate a financial asset/liability measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL 
option) ................................................................................................................................................ 22 
Sale and repurchase agreements, security lending ............................................................................. 22 

Property, equipment and intangible assets ......................................................................................... 22 
Inventories ......................................................................................................................................... 22 

Investment properties ......................................................................................................................... 23 
Financial liabilities............................................................................................................................. 23 

Leases ................................................................................................................................................ 23 
Share capital ...................................................................................................................................... 24 

Treasury shares .................................................................................................................................. 24 
Interest income, income similar to interest income and interest expense .......................................... 24 
Fees and Commissions ...................................................................................................................... 24 
Dividend income ................................................................................................................................ 25 
Income tax ......................................................................................................................................... 25 
Banking tax ........................................................................................................................................ 25 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
2.27. 
2.28. 

2.29. 
2.30. 

Off-balance sheet commitments and contingent liabilities, provisions .............................................. 26 
Share-based payment and employee benefits .................................................................................... 26 

Separate statement of cash flows ....................................................................................................... 27 
Segment reporting .............................................................................................................................. 27 

2.31. 
NOTE 3:  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND DECISIONS IN THE APPLICATION OF 

Comparative figures........................................................................................................................... 28 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES .............................................................................................................. 29 

3.1. 
3.2. 

3.3. 
3.4. 

Loss allowance on financial instruments ........................................................................................... 29 
Valuation of instruments without direct quotations ........................................................................... 29 

Provisions .......................................................................................................................................... 29 
Business models ................................................................................................................................ 30 

3.4. 
Contractual cash-flow characteristics of financial assets ................................................................... 30 
NOTE 4:  COVID-19 (in HUF mn) ................................................................................................................... 31 
NOTE 5:  CASH, AMOUNTS DUE FROM BANKS AND BALANCES WITH THE NATIONAL BANK OF 
HUNGARY (in HUF mn) ................................................................................................................. 37 

NOTE 6:  PLACEMENTS WITH OTHER BANKS, NET OF ALLOWANCE FOR PLACEMENT LOSSES 

(in HUF mn) ...................................................................................................................................... 38 
NOTE 7:  REPO RECEIVABLES (in HUF mn) ............................................................................................... 39 

NOTE 8:  FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS (in HUF mn) .............. 40 
NOTE 9:  SECURITIES AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (in HUF 

mn) ..................................................................................................................................................... 41 
NOTE 10:  SECURITIES AT AMORTISED COST (in HUF mn) ..................................................................... 43 

NOTE 11:  LOANS (in HUF mn) ........................................................................................................................ 44 
NOTE 12:  INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES, ASSOCIATES, JOINT VENTURES AND OTHER 

INVESTMENTS (in HUF mn) .......................................................................................................... 46 

NOTE 13:  PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (in HUF mn) ...................................... 51 
NOTE 14:  INVESTMENT PROPERTIES (in HUF mn) .................................................................................... 53 

NOTE 15:  FAIR VALUE OF DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL ASSETS DESIGNATED AS HEDGE 

ACCOUNTING (in HUF mn) ........................................................................................................... 53 
NOTE 16:  OTHER ASSETS (in HUF mn) ......................................................................................................... 54 
NOTE 17:  AMOUNTS DUE TO BANKS AND DEPOSITS FROM THE NATIONAL BANK OF HUNGARY 
AND OTHER BANKS (in HUF mn) ................................................................................................ 55 

NOTE 18:  REPO LIABILITIES (in HUF mn) ................................................................................................... 55 
NOTE 19:  DEPOSITS FROM CUSTOMERS (in HUF mn) .............................................................................. 56 

NOTE 20:  LIABILITIES FROM ISSUED SECURITIES (in HUF mn) ............................................................ 56 
NOTE 21:  FINANCIAL LIABILITIES DESIGNATED AS FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS (in 
HUF mn) ............................................................................................................................................ 60 

NOTE 22:  HELD FOR TRADING DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL LIABILITIES (in HUF mn) ........................ 60 
NOTE 23:  FAIR VALUE OF DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL LIABLITIES DESIGNATED AS HEDGE 

ACCOUNTING (in HUF mn) ........................................................................................................... 60 

NOTE 24:  OTHER LIABILITIES AND PROVISIONS (in HUF mn) .............................................................. 61 
NOTE 25:  SUBORDINATED BONDS AND LOANS (in HUF mn) ................................................................ 62 
NOTE 26:  SHARE CAPITAL (in HUF mn) ....................................................................................................... 62 
NOTE 27:  RETAINED EARNINGS AND RESERVES (in HUF mn) .............................................................. 63 
NOTE 28:  TREASURY SHARES (in HUF mn) ................................................................................................ 68 
NOTE 29:  INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSES (in HUF mn) .................................................................... 69 
NOTE 30:  RISK COST (in HUF mn) ................................................................................................................. 70 
3 

 
 
NOTE 31:  NET PROFIT FROM FEES AND COMMISSIONS (in HUF mn) .................................................. 70 
NOTE 32:  GAINS AND LOSSES (in HUF mn) ................................................................................................ 73 

NOTE 33:  OTHER OPERATING INCOME AND EXPENSES AND OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE 

EXPENSES (in HUF mn) .................................................................................................................. 74 
NOTE 34:  INCOME TAX (in HUF mn)............................................................................................................. 75 

NOTE 35:  LEASE (in HUF mn) ......................................................................................................................... 77 
NOTE 36:  FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) ........................................................................ 78 

36.1. 
36.2. 

36.3. 
36.4. 

36.5. 
36.5.1. 

36.5.2. 
36.5.3. 

36.5.4. 
36.6. 

Credit risk .......................................................................................................................................... 78 
Maturity analysis of assets and liabilities and liquidity risk .............................................................. 92 

Net foreign currency position and foreign currency risk ................................................................... 95 
Interest rate risk management ........................................................................................................... 95 

Market risk ....................................................................................................................................... 102 
Market risk sensitivity analysis ........................................................................................................ 102 

Foreign currency sensitivity analysis ............................................................................................... 103 
Interest rate sensitivity analysis ....................................................................................................... 104 

Equity price sensitivity analysis ...................................................................................................... 105 
Capital management ........................................................................................................................ 105 

NOTE 37:  TRANSFER AND RECLASSIFICATION OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) ...... 107 
NOTE 38:  OFF-BALANCE SHEET ITEMS (in HUF mn) .............................................................................. 108 

NOTE 39:  SHARE-BASED PAYMENT AND EMPLOYEE BENEFIT (in HUF mn) ................................... 109 
NOTE 40:  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (in HUF mn) .................................................................... 114 
NOTE 41:  TRUST ACTIVITIES (in HUF mn) ................................................................................................ 115 

NOTE 42:  CONCENTRATION OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES ................................................................. 116 
NOTE 43:  EARNINGS PER SHARE ............................................................................................................... 117 

NOTE 44:  NET GAIN OR LOSS REALISED ON FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) ................. 118 
NOTE 45:  FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) ................................................... 120 

NOTE 46:  SIGNIFICANT EVENTS DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 ........................ 134 
NOTE 47:  SIGNIFICANT EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD ................................................... 136 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
SEPARATE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2021 
(in HUF mn) 

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances with the National Bank of 

Hungary 

Placements with other banks, net of allowance for placement losses 
Repo receivables 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 
Securities at amortised cost 
Loans at amortised cost 
Loans mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss 
Investments in subsidiaries 
Property and equipment 
Intangible assets 
Right of use assets 
Investment properties 
Current tax assets 
Derivative financial assets designated as hedge accounting relationships 
Other assets 

TOTAL ASSETS 

Amounts due to banks and deposits from the National Bank of Hungary and 

other banks  
Repo liabilities 
Deposits from customers 
Leasing liabilities 
Liabilities from issued securities 
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 
Derivative financial liabilities designated as held for trading 
Derivative financial liabilities designated as hedge accounting relationships 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Current tax liabilities 
Provisions 
Other liabilities 
Subordinated bonds and loans 

TOTAL LIABILITIES 

Share capital 
Retained earnings and reserves 
Treasury shares 

Note 

2021  

2020 
Reclassified  

5. 
6. 
7. 
8. 
9. 
10. 
11. 
11. 
12. 
13. 
13. 
35. 
14. 
34. 
15. 
16. 

17. 
18. 
19. 
35.  
20. 
21. 
22. 
23. 
34. 
34. 
24. 
24. 
25. 

26. 
27. 
28. 

474,945 
2,567,212 
33,638 
246,462 
641,939 
3,071,038 
4,032,465 
662,012 
1,573,008 
81,817 
62,161 
17,231 
4,328 
- 
17,727 
224,488 

579,120 
1,535,884 
183,364 
160,483 
911,950 
2,007,692 
3,417,760 
480,937 
1,548,972 
77,974 
57,639 
13,479 
1,936 
593 
6,817 
169,794 

13,710,471 

11,154,394 

1,051,203 
86,580 
9,948,532 
17,932 
22,153 
20,133 
192,261 
18,690 
1,507 
4,776 
21,527 
238,437 
271,776 

766,977 
109,612 
7,895,735 
14,106 
28,435 
25,902 
99,987 
3,104 
3,062 
1,464 
19,906 
203,527 
304,243 

11,895,507 

9,476,060 

28,000 
1,845,836 
(58,872) 

28,000 
1,697,133 
(46,799) 

TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 

1,814,964 

1,678,334 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 

13,710,471 

11,154,394 

Budapest, 17 March 2022 

Dr. Sándor Csányi 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 

5 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
SEPARATE STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021 
(in HUF mn) 

Interest Income: 
Interest income calculated using the effective interest method 
Income similar to interest income 
Interest income and similar to interest income total 

Interest Expense: 
Interest expenses total 

NET INTEREST INCOME 

Loss allowance on loan, placements and repo receivables losses 
Loss allowance on securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 

and on securities at amortised cost 

Provision for loan commitments and financial guarantees given 
Change in the fair value attributable to changes in the credit risk of loans 

mandatorily measured at fair value through profit of loss  

Risk cost total 

Note 

29. 
29. 

Year ended 
31 December 
2021  

Year ended 31 
December  
2020 
Reclassified 

302,373 
105,663 
408,036 

239,633 
81,663 
321,296 

29. 

(155,491) 

(99,630) 

252,545 

221,666 

6., 7., 11., 
30. 

9., 10., 30. 
24., 30. 

45.4. 

(38,841) 

(57,671) 

(1,484) 
(130) 

(16,255) 
(56,710) 

(1,848) 
(3,202) 

(405) 
(63,126) 

NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER RISK COST 

195,835 

158,540 

LOSSES ARISING FROM DERECOGNITION OF FINANCIAL 

ASSETS MEASURED AT AMORTISED COST 

MODIFICATION LOSS 

Income from fees and commissions 
Expenses from fees and commissions 
NET PROFIT FROM FEES AND COMMISSIONS 

Foreign exchange losses 
Gains on securities, net 
Losses on financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss 
Gains on derivative instruments, net 
Dividend income 
Other operating income 
Other operating expenses 
NET OPERATING INCOME 

Personnel expenses 
Depreciation and amortization 
Other administrative expenses 
OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES 

PROFIT BEFORE INCOME TAX 
Income tax 
NET PROFIT FOR THE YEAR 

Earnings per share (in HUF) 
Basic 
Diluted 

32.  

4.  

31. 
31. 

32. 
32. 
32. 
32. 
32. 
33. 
33. 

33. 
33. 
33. 

34. 

43. 
43. 

(2,700) 

(3,279) 

(7,017) 

(17,358) 

300,803 
(52,276) 
248,527 

(5,638) 
2,104 
(6,494) 
3,436 
99,037 
11,265 
(41,636) 
62,074 

(136,126) 
(40,692) 
(178,611) 
(355,429) 

141,290 
(15,951) 
125,339 

259,781 
(40,750) 
219,031 

(4,518) 
17,595 
(671) 
7,057 
60,973 
7,900 
(28,064) 
60,272 

(118,498) 
(38,948) 
(154,165) 
(311,611) 

105,595 
(13,121) 
92,474 

455 
455 

333 
333 

6 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
OTP BANK PLC. 
SEPARATE STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021 
(in HUF mn) 

NET PROFIT FOR THE YEAR 

125,339 

92,474 

Note 

Year ended 31 
December  
2021 

Year ended 31 
December  
2020 

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: 

Fair value adjustment of debt instruments at fair value through other 

comprehensive income 

Deferred tax related to fair value adjustment of debt instruments at fair 

value through other comprehensive income 

Gains / (Losses) on separated currency spread of financial instruments 

designated as hedging instrument 

Deferred tax related to (losses) / gains on separated currency spread of 

financial instruments designated as hedging instrument 

(Losses) / Gains on derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow 

hedge 

Deferred tax related to gains on derivative financial instruments designated 

as cash flow hedge 

Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss: 

Fair value adjustment of equity instruments at fair value through other 

comprehensive income 

Deferred tax related to equity instruments at fair value through other 

comprehensive income 

34. 

34. 

34. 

34. 

Total 

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

(37,163) 

(14,459) 

3,410 

1,262 

1,681 

(1,526) 

(151) 

137 

(6,307) 

(296) 

- 

27 

1,407 

(3,275) 

(281) 

310 

(37,404) 

(17,820) 

87,935 

74,654 

7 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
SEPARATE STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021 
(in HUF mn) 

Balance as at 1 January 2020 

Net profit for the period 

Other comprehensive income 

Total comprehensive income 

Share-based payment 

Payments to ICES holders 

Sale of treasury shares 

Acquisition of treasury shares 

Loss on treasury shares 

Other transaction with owners 

Note  Share Capital 

Capital 
reserve 

Retained 
earnings and 
other reserves 

Treasury 
Shares 

Total 

28,000 

52 

1,628,302 

(2,636) 

1,653,718 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

92,474 

(17,820) 

74,654 

3,394 

(4,853) 

- 

- 

(4,416) 

(5,875) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

41,759 

(85,922) 

- 

(44,163) 

92,474 

(17,820) 

74,654 

3,394 

(4,853) 

41,759 

(85,922) 

(4,416) 

(50,038) 

39. 

28. 

28. 

28. 

Balance as at 31 December 2020 

28,000 

52 

1,697,081 

(46,799) 

1,678,334 

Balance as at 1 January 2021 

Other modification 

Balance as at 1 January 2021 

Net profit for the period 

Other comprehensive income 

Total comprehensive income 

Share-based payment 

Payments to ICES holders 

Increase due to termination of ICES bonds 

Sale of treasury shares 

Acquisition of treasury shares 

Loss on sale of treasury shares 

Other transaction with owners 

39. 

28. 

28. 

28. 

28,000 

- 

28,000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

52 

- 

52 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,697,081 

(46,799) 

1,678,334 

1,034 

- 

1,034 

1,698,115 

(46,799) 

1,679,368 

125,339 

(37,404) 

87,935 

3,589 

(3,734) 

75,422 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

125,339 

(37,404) 

87,935 

3,589 

(3,734) 

75,422 

- 

- 

264,360 

264,360 

(276,433) 

(276,433) 

(15,543) 

- 

59,734 

(12,073) 

(15,543) 

47,661 

Balance as at 31 December 2021 

28,000 

52 

1,845,784 

(58,872) 

1,814,964 

8 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
SEPARATE STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 
31 DECEMBER 2021  
(in HUF mn) 

OPERATING ACTIVITIES 

Profit before income tax 

141,290 

93,246 

Note 

Year ended 31 
December 
2021 

Year ended 31 
December 
2020 

Net accrued interest 

Depreciation and amortization 

Loss allowance on loans and placements 
(Release of loss allowance) / Loss allowance on securities at fair value 

through other comprehensive income 

Impairment loss on investments in subsidiaries 

Loss allowance on securities at amortised cost 

(Release of loss allowance) / Loss allowance on other assets 

Provision on off-balance sheet commitments and contingent liabilities 

Share-based payment 
Unrealised losses / (gains) on fair value adjustment of financial instruments 

at fair value through profit or loss 

Unrealised losses on fair value adjustment of derivative financial 

instruments 

Gains on securities 

Interest expense from leasing liabilities 

Foreign exchange loss 

Gains on sale of tangible and intangible assets 

Net changing in assets and liabilities in operating activities 
Net (increase) / decrease in placements with other banks and repo 

receivables before allowance for placement losses 

Changes in held for trading securities 
Change in securities mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or 

loss 

Changes in derivative financial instruments at fair value through profit or 

loss 

Net increase in loans 
Increase in other assets, excluding advances for investments and before 

provisions for losses 

Net increase / (decrease) in amounts due to banks and deposits from the 

National Bank of Hungary and other banks and repo liabilities 

Net decrease of financial liabilities designated as fair value through profit 

or loss 

Net increase in deposits from customers 

Increase/(decrease) in other liabilities 
Net increase in the compulsory reserve established by the National Bank of 

Hungary 

Dividend income 

Income tax paid 

13. 

30. 

9. 

12. 

10. 

16. 

24. 

39. 

6. 

8. 

8. 

8. 

11. 

16. 

17. 

21. 

19. 

24. 

5. 

12. 

(2,205) 

40,784 

38,841 

(551) 

27,420 

2,035 

(961) 

1,473 

3,589 

23,051 

30,962 

6,212 

(214) 

35,136 

82 

(34,365) 

38,997 

61,310 

3 

10,042 

1,845 

3,521 

3,110 

3,394 

3,549 

4,011 

(6,433) 

(257) 

(4,476) 

72 

(879,438) 

(24,178) 

(78,996) 

34,976 

6,687 

(7,278) 

(1,303) 

2,895 

(835,520) 

(499,065) 

(49,201) 

(43,471) 

224,661 

(363,140) 

(1,853) 

(4,219) 

1,989,941 

1,218,775 

114,259 

(17,368) 

(23,270) 

(99,037) 

(15,259) 

(10,978) 

(60,913) 

(12,950) 

Net cash provided by operating activities 

753,433 

335,837 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
  
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
SEPARATE STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021  
(in HUF mn) [continued] 

INVESTING ACTIVITIES 

Purchase securities at fair value through other comprehensive income  
Proceeds from sale of securities at fair value through other comprehensive 

income  

Change in derivative financial instruments designated as hedge accounting 
Increase in investments in subsidiaries  
Decrease in investments in subsidiaries  
Dividend income 
Increase in securities at amortised cost 
Redemption of securities at amortised cost 
Additions to property, equipment and intangible assets 
Disposal of property, equipment and intangible assets  
Net (increase) / decrease in investment properties 

Net (used in) / provided by cash investing activities 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

Leasing payments 
Cash received from issuance of securities 
Cash used for redemption of issued securities 
Increase in subordinated bonds and loans 
Decrease in subordinated bonds and loans 
Payments to ICES holders 
Increase of Treasury shares 
Decrease of Treasury shares 
Dividends paid 

Note 

Year ended 31 
December 
2021 

Year ended 31 
December 
2020 

9. 

9. 

12. 
12. 

10. 
10. 
13. 
13. 
14. 

20. 
20. 
25. 
25. 
27. 
28. 
28. 
27. 

(850,030) 

(1,079,151) 

1,081,372 
1,341 
(51,456) 
- 
98,091 
(1,253,830) 
214,963 
(46,081) 
529 
(2,484) 

1,652,131 
(190) 
(32,961) 
16,485 
60,913 
(680,089) 
122,146 
(68,885) 
29,433 
396 

(807,585) 

20,228 

(5,136) 
5,897 
(9,051) 
1,874 
(35,518) 
(3,735) 
(276,433) 
248,819 
(10) 

(4,590) 
7,119 
(22,096) 
773 
(5,373) 
(4,853) 
(85,923) 
37,344 
(10) 

Net cash used in financing activities 

(73,293) 

(77,609) 

Net (decrease) / increase in cash and cash equivalents 

(127,445) 

278,456 

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 

503,087 

224,631 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 

375,642 

503,087 

Interest received 
Interest paid 

345,504 
98,395 

306,646 
88,237 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
   
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
   
  
 
 
   
  
 
 
   
  
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 1: 

ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

1.1. 

General information 

OTP  Bank  Plc.  ("Bank"  or  "OTP  Bank")  was  established  on  31  December  1990,  when  the  previously  State-
owned company was transformed into a limited liability company.  

The  Bank’s 
http://www.otpbank.hu/ 

registered  office  address 

is  16,  Nádor  Street,  Budapest  1051. 

Internet  homepage: 

Signatory of the separate financial statements is the Chief Executive Officer, dr. Sándor Csányi (Budapest). 

The Bank’s owners have the power to amend the separate financial statements after issue if applicable. 

These financial statements are authorised for issue on 17 March 2022 by the Board of Directors. 

Responsible  person  for  the  control  and  management  of  accounting  services:  Zoltán  Tuboly  (Budapest), 
Managing  Director  of  Accounting  and  Financial  Directorate,  Registration  Number:  177289,  IFRS  qualified 
chartered accountant. 

Due  to  Hungarian  legislation  audit  services  are  statutory  for  OTP  Bank.  Disclosure  information  about  the 
auditor: Ernst & Young Audit Ltd. (001165), 1132 Budapest Váci Street 20. Registered under 01-09-267553 by 
Budapest-Capital  Regional  Court,  as  registry  court.  Statutory  registered  auditor:  Zsuzsanna  Nagyváradiné 
Szépfalvi, registration number: 005313. 

Audit service fee agreed by the Annual General Meeting of the Bank for the year ended 2021 is an amount of 
HUF 162 million + VAT.  

All  other  fees  charged  by  the  Auditor  for  non-audit  services  during  the  financial  year  are  disclosed  in  the 
consolidated financial statements of the Bank. 

In  1995,  the  shares  of  the  Bank  were  introduced  on  the  Budapest  and  the  Luxembourg  Stock  Exchanges  and 
were also traded on the SEAQ board on the London Stock Exchange and PORTAL in the USA. 

The structure of the Share capital by shareholders (%): 

Domestic and foreign private and institutional investors 
Employees 
Treasury shares 
Total 

2021 

98% 
1% 
1% 
100% 

2020  

97% 
1% 
2% 
100% 

The Bank’s Registered Capital consists of 280.000.010 pieces of ordinary shares with the nominal value of HUF 
100 each, representing the same rights to the shareholders. 

The Bank provides a full range of commercial banking services through a nationwide network of 356 branches in 
Hungary. 

Number of employees 
Average number of employees 

1.2. 

Basis of accounting 

2021 

2020  

10,078 
9,934 

9,829 
9,654 

These Separate Financial Statements were prepared based on the assumption of the Management that the Bank 
will remain in business for the foreseeable future. The Bank will not be forced to halt operations and liquidate its 
assets in the near term at what may be very low fire-sale prices.  

The  Bank  maintains  its  accounting  records  and  prepares  their  statutory  accounts  in  accordance  with  the 
commercial, banking and fiscal regulations prevailing in Hungary.  

The presentation and functional currency of the Bank is the Hungarian Forint ("HUF").  

The  separate  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards (“IFRS”) as adopted by the European Union (“EU”).  

11 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 1: 

ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS [continued] 

1.2.1.  The effect of adopting new and revised IFRS standards effective from 1 January 2021 

The  following  amendments  to  the  existing  standards  and  new  interpretation  issued  by  the  International 
Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and adopted by the EU are effective for the current reporting period: 

•  Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16 “Interest Rate Benchmark Reform  – 
Phase 2 adopted by EU on 13 January 2021 (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 
2021) 

•  Amendments  to  IFRS  4  “Insurance  Contracts”  –  “Deferral  of  IFRS  9”  -  adopted  by  EU  on  15 

December 2020 (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2021) 
• 
IFRS 17 “Insurance Contracts” (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2021), 
•  Amendments  to  IFRS  16  “Leases”  –  “Covid  19-Related  Rent  Concessions  beyond  30  June  2021” 

(effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 April 2021), 

The adoption of these amendments to the existing standards has not led to any material changes in these Separate 
Financial Statements. 

1.2.2.  New and revised Standards and Interpretations issued by IASB and adopted by the EU but not 

yet effective 

•  Amendments to IFRS 1 “First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards”, IFRS 
9 “Financial Instruments”, IAS 41 “Agriculture”– “Annual Improvements to IFRSs 2018-2020 Cycle” - 
adopted by EU on 28 June 2021 (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022), 

•  Amendments to IFRS 3 “Business Combinations”; IAS 16 “Property, Plant and Equipment”; IAS 37 
“Provisions,  Contingent  Liabilities  and  Contingent  Assets”  –  adopted  by  the  EU  on  28  June  2021 
Annual Improvements (effective fog annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022) 

•  Amendments  to  IFRS  17  “Insurance  Contracts”  (effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  1 

January 2023), 

1.2.3.  Standards and Interpretations issued by IASB but not yet adopted by the EU 

At present, IFRS as adopted by the EU do not significantly differ from regulations  adopted by the IASB except 
for the following new standards, amendments to the existing standards and new interpretation, which were not 
endorsed for use in EU as at date of publication of these financial statements: 

•  Amendments to IAS 1 “Presentation of Financial Statements” - Classification of Liabilities as Current 

or Non-Current (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023), 

•  Amendments  to  IAS  1  “Presentation  of  Financial  Statements”  and  IFRS  Practice  Statement  2- 
Disclosure of Accounting policies (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023),  
•  Amendments  to  IAS  8  “Accounting  policies,  Changes  in  Accounting  Estimates  and  Errors”  – 
Definition of Accounting Estimates (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023), 
•  Amendments  to  IFRS  10  “Consolidated  Financial  Statements”  and  IAS  28  “Investments  in 
Associates and Joint Ventures” - Sale or Contribution of Assets between an Investor and its Associate or 
Joint Venture and further amendments (effective date deferred indefinitely until the research project on the 
equity method has been concluded). 

•  Amendments to IAS 12 “Income Taxes”  – Deferred Tax related to  Assets  and  Liabilities  arising  from  a 

Single  Transaction (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023), 

•  Amendments  to  IFRS  17  “Insurance  Contracts”  –  Initial  application  of  IFRS  17  and  IFRS  9  – 

Comparative Information (effective date for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023)  

The  Bank anticipates that the adoption of these new  standards, amendments to the existing standards and new 
interpretations  will  have  no  material  impact  on  the  financial  statements  of  the  Bank  in  the  period  of  initial 
application.  

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Significant accounting policies applied in the preparation of the accompanying separate financial statements are 
summarized below: 

2.1.  Basis of presentation 

These separate financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention with the exception 
of  certain  financial  instruments,  which  are  recorded  at  fair  value.  Revenues  and  expenses  are  recorded  in  the 
period  in  which  they  are  earned  or  incurred.  The  Bank  does  not  offset  assets  and  liabilities  or  income  and 
expenses unless it is required or permitted by an IFRS standard. 

During the preparation of separate financial statements assets and liabilities, income and expenses are presented 
separately, except in certain cases, when one of the IFRS standards prescribes net presenting related to certain 
items. (See below 2.8.) 

The presentation of separate financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the Management of the Bank 
to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  disclosure  of 
contingent assets and liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and their reported amounts of revenues 
and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. 

Future changes in economic conditions, business strategies, regulatory requirements, accounting rules and other 
factors  could  result  in  a  change  in  estimates  that  could  have  a  material  impact  on  future  separate  financial 
statements. 

2.2.  Foreign currency translation 

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into HUF that is the presentation 
currency,  at  exchange  rates  quoted  by  the  National  Bank  of  Hungary  ("NBH")  as  at  the  date  of  the  separate 
financial statements. Income and expenses arising in foreign currencies are converted at the rate of exchange on 
the transaction date. Resulting foreign exchange gains or losses are recorded to the separate statement of profit or 
loss. 

2.3.  Consolidated financial statements 

These  financial  statements  present  the  separate  financial  position  and  results  of  operations  of  the  Bank. 
Consolidated  financial  statements  are  prepared  by  the  Bank  and  consolidated  net  profit  for  the  year  and 
shareholders’ equity differs significantly from that presented in these separate financial statements. See Note 2.4 
for the description of the method of accounting for investments in subsidiaries and associated companies in these 
separate financial statements. The consolidated financial statements and the separate financial statements will be 
published on the same date. 

2.4.  Investments in subsidiaries, associated companies and other investments 

Investments in subsidiaries comprise those investments where OTP Bank, through direct and indirect ownership 
interest, controls the investee. Control is achieved when the Bank has power over the investee, is exposed or has 
rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to use its power to affect its 
returns. 

Investments in subsidiaries are recorded at the cost of acquisition, less  impairment for permanent diminution in 
value, when appropriate. After initial measurement investments in subsidiaries are measured at cost, in the case 
of foreign currency denominated investments for the measurement the Bank uses the exchange rate at the date of 
transaction. 

Impairment is determined based on the future economic benefits of the subsidiary and macroeconomic factors.  

OTP Bank calculates the fair value based on discounted cash flow model. The 3 year period explicit cash flow 
model serves as a basis for the impairment test by which the Bank defines the impairment need on investment in 
subsidiaries based on the strategic factors and financial data of its cash-generating units. 

OTP Bank in its strategic plan has taken into consideration the cautious recovery of global economic situation 
and  outlook,  the  associated  risks  and  their  possible  effect  on  the  financial  sector  as  well  as  the  current  and 
expected availability of wholesale funding. 

13 

 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.5.  Securities at amortised cost 

The  Bank measures at amortized cost those  securities which are held for contractual cash collecting purposes, 
and contractual terms of these securities give rise to cash flows that are solely payment of principal and interest 
on  the  principal  amount  outstanding.  The  Bank  initially  recognises  these  securities  at  fair  value.  Securities  at 
amortised  cost  are  subsequently  measured  using  the  effective  interest  (EIR)  method  and  are  subject  to 
impairment. The amortisation of any discount or premium on the acquisition of a security at amortized cost is 
part  of  the  amortized  cost  and  is  recognised  as  interest  income  so  that  the  revenue  recognized  in  each  period 
represents a constant yield on the investment. Securities at amortized cost are accounted for on a trade date basis. 
Such securities comprise mainly securities issued by the Hungarian Government bonds and corporate bonds.  

2.6.    Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 

2.6.1.  Securities held for trading 

Investments  in  securities  are  accounted  for  on  a  trade  date  basis  and  are  initially  measured  at  fair  value. 
Securities held for trading are measured at subsequent reporting dates at fair value. Unrealised gains and losses 
on held for trading securities are recognized in profit or loss and are included in the separate statement of profit 
or loss for the period. The Bank holds held for trading securities within the business model to obtain short-term 
gains, consequently realised and unrealised gains and losses are recognized in the net operating income, while 
interest income is recognised in income similar to interest income. The Bank applies FIFO1 inventory valuation 
method for securities held for trading.  Such securities consist of discounted and interest bearing Treasury bills, 
Hungarian  Government  bonds,  mortgage  bonds,  shares  in  non-financial  commercial  companies,  shares  in 
investment funds, shares in venture capital funds and shares in financial institutions. 

2.6.2.  Derivative financial instruments 

In  the  normal  course  of  business,  the  Bank  is  a  party  to  contracts  for  derivative  financial  instruments,  which 
represent  a  low  initial  investment  compared  to  the  notional  value  of  the  contract  and  their  value  depends  on 
value of underlying asset and are settled in the future. The derivative financial instruments used include interest 
rate  forward  or  swap  agreements  and  currency  forward  or  swap  agreements  and  options.  These  financial 
instruments  are  used  by  the  Bank  both  for  trading  purposes  and  to  hedge  interest  rate  risk  and  currency 
exposures associated with its transactions in the financial markets. 

Derivative financial instruments are accounted for on a trade date basis and are initially measured at fair value 
and  at  subsequent  reporting  dates  also  at  fair  value.  Fair  values  are  obtained  from  quoted  market  prices, 
discounted cash flow models and option pricing models as appropriate. OTP Bank adopts multi curve valuation 
approach  for  calculating  the  net  present  value  of  future  cash  flows  –  based  on  different  curves  used  for 
determining  forward  rates  and  used  for  discounting  purposes.  It  shows  the  best  estimation  of  such  derivative 
deals  that  are  collateralised  as  OTP  Bank  has  almost  its  entire  open  derivative  transactions  collateralised. 
Changes  in  the  fair  value  of  derivative  financial  instruments  that  do  not  qualify  for  hedge  accounting  are 
recognized  in  profit  or  loss  and  are  included  in  the  separate  statement  of  profit  or  loss  for  the  period.  Each 
derivative deal is determined as asset when fair value is positive and as liability when fair value is negative. 

Certain derivative transactions, while providing effective economic hedges under risk management positions of 
the  Bank,  do  not  qualify  for hedge  accounting  under  the  specific  rules  of  IFRS  9  and  are  therefore  treated  as 
derivatives held for trading with fair value gains and losses charged directly to the separate statement of profit or 
loss. 

Foreign currency contracts 

Foreign  currency  contracts  are  agreements  to  exchange  specific  amounts  of  currencies  at  a  specified  rate  of 
exchange, at a spot date (settlement occurs two days after the trade date) or at a forward date (settlement occurs 
more than two days after the trade date). The notional amount of forward contracts does not represent the actual 
market or credit risk associated with these contracts.  

Foreign  currency  contracts  are  used  by  the  Bank  for  risk  management  and  trading  purposes.  The  Bank’s  risk 
management foreign currency contracts were used to hedge the exchange rate fluctuations of loans and deposits 
denominated in foreign currency. 

1 First In First Out 

14 

 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.6.2  Derivative financial instruments [continued] 

Foreign exchange swaps and interest rate swaps 

The Bank enters into foreign-exchange swap and interest rate swap (“IRS”) transactions. The swap transaction is 
a complex agreement concerning the swap of certain financial instruments, which usually consists of a spot and 
one or more forward contracts. 
Interest rate swaps obligate two parties to exchange one or more payments calculated with reference to fixed or 
periodically  reset  rates  of  interest  applied  to  a  specific  notional  principal  amount  (the  base  of  the  interest 
calculation).  Notional  principal  is  the  amount  upon  which  interest  rates  are  applied  to  determine  the  payment 
streams under interest rate swaps. 
Such notional principal amounts are often used to express the volume of these transactions but are not actually 
exchanged  between  the  counterparties.  The  Bank’s  interest  rate  swap  contracts  can  be  hedging  or  held  for 
trading contracts. 

Cross-currency interest rate swaps 

The Bank enters into cross-currency interest rate swap (“CCIRS”) transactions which have special attributes, i.e. 
the parties exchange the notional amount at the beginning and also at the maturity of the transaction. A special 
type of these deals is the mark-to-market CCIRS agreements. At this kind of deals the parties  – in accordance 
with the foreign exchange prices – revalue the notional amount during lifetime of the transaction. 

Equity and commodity swaps 

Equity swaps obligate two parties to exchange more payments calculated with reference periodically reset rates 
of  interest  and  performance  of  indices.  A  specific  notional  principal  amount  is  the  base  of  the  interest 
calculation.  The  payment  of  index  return  is  calculated  on  the  basis  of  current  market  price  compared  to  the 
previous market price. In case of commodity swaps payments are calculated on the basis of the strike price of a 
predefined commodity compared to its average market price in a period. 

Forward rate agreements (“FRA”) 

A  forward  rate  agreement  is an  agreement  to  settle  amounts  at  a  specified future  date  based  on  the difference 
between an interest rate index and an agreed upon fixed rate. Market risk arises from changes in the market value 
of contractual positions caused by movements in interest rates.  

The Bank limits its exposure to market risk by entering into generally matching or offsetting positions and by 
establishing and monitoring limits on unmatched positions. Credit risk is managed through approval procedures 
that establish specific limits for individual counter-parties. The Bank’s forward rate agreements were transacted 
for management of interest rate exposures. 

Foreign exchange options 

A foreign exchange option is a derivative financial instrument that gives the owner the right to exchange money 
denominated in one currency into another currency at a pre-agreed exchange rate at a specified future date. The 
transaction, for a fee, guarantees a worst-case exchange rate for the futures purchase of one currency for another. 
These  options  protect  against  unfavourable  currency  movements  while  preserving  the  ability  to  participate  in 
favourable movements. 

15 

 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.7.  Derivative financial instruments designated as a fair value or cash flow hedge 

Changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments fair value hedges 
and that prove to be highly effective in relation to the hedged risk, are recorded in the separate statement of profit 
or loss along with the corresponding change in fair value of the hedged asset or liability that is attributable to the 
specific hedged risk. Changes in the fair value of the hedging instrument in fair value hedges are charged directly 
to  the  separate  statement  of  profit  or  loss.  The  conditions  of  hedge  accounting  applied  by  the  Bank  are  the 
following: formally designated as hedging relationship, proper hedge documentation is prepared, effectiveness 
test is performed and based on it the hedge is qualified as effective.  
Changes in fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as hedging instrument in cash flow hedges 
and that prove to be highly effective in relation to hedged risk are recognized as reserve in other comprehensive 
income. Amounts deferred in other comprehensive income are transferred to the separate statement of profit or 
loss and classified as revenue or expense in the periods during which the hedged assets and liabilities effect the 
separate statement of recognized and comprehensive income for the period. The ineffective element of the hedge 
is charged directly to the separate statement of profit or loss. The Bank terminates the hedge accounting if the 
hedging  instrument  expires  or  is  sold,  terminated,  or  exercised,  or  the  hedge  no  longer  meets  the  criteria  for 
hedge accounting. In case of cash flow hedges - in line with the standard – hedge accounting is still applied as 
long as the underlying asset is derecognised. 

2.8.  Offsetting 

Financial assets and liabilities may be offset and the net amount is reported in the statement of financial position 
when the Bank has a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and the transactions are intended 
to  be  reported  in  the  statement  of  financial  position  on  a  net  basis.  In  the  case  of  the  derivative  financial 
instruments  the  Bank  applies  offsetting  and  net  presentation  in  the  Statement  of  Financial  Position  when  the 
Bank has the right and the ability to settle the assets and liabilities on a net basis. 

2.9.  Embedded derivatives 

Sometimes, a derivative may be a component of a combined or hybrid contract that includes a host contract and 
a derivative (the embedded derivative) affecting cash flows or otherwise modifying the characteristics of the host 
instrument. An embedded derivative must be separated from the host instrument and accounted for as a separate 
derivative if, and only if: 

-  The  economic  characteristics  and  risks  of  the  embedded  derivative  are  not  closely  related  to  the 

economic characteristics and risks of the host contract; 

-  A  separate  financial  instrument  with  the  same  terms  as  the  embedded  derivative  would  meet  the 

definition of a derivative as a stand-alone instrument; and 

-  The host instrument is not measured at fair or is measured at fair value but changes in fair value are 

recognised in other comprehensive income.  

As  long  as  a  hybrid  contract  contains  a  host  that  is  a  financial  asset  the  general  accounting  rules  for 
classification,  recognition  and  measurement  of  financial  assets  are  applicable  for  the  whole  contract  and  no 
embedded derivative is separated. 

Derivatives that are required to be separated are measured at fair value at initial recognition and subsequently. If 
the  Bank  is  unable  to  measure  the  embedded  derivative  separately  either  at  acquisition  or  at  the  end  of  a 
subsequent  financial  reporting  period,  the  Group  shall  designate  the  entire  hybrid  contract  as  at  fair  value 
through profit or loss. The Bank shall assess whether an embedded derivative is required to be separated from 
the host contract and accounted for as a derivative when the Bank first becomes a party to the contract. 

16 

 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.10.  Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVOCI securities”) 

FVOCI securities are held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting of contractual 
cash flows and selling securities. Furthermore contractual terms of FVOCI securities give rise on specified dates 
to cash flows that are solely payment of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. 

Debt instruments 

Investments  in  debt  securities  are  accounted  for  on  a  trade  date  basis  and  are  initially  measured  at  fair  value.  
Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income are measured at subsequent reporting dates at fair 
value.  Unrealised  gains  and  losses  on  FVOCI  financial  instruments  are  recognized  in  other  comprehensive 
income, except for interest and foreign exchange gains/losses on monetary items, unless such FVOCI security is 
part  of  an  effective  hedge.  Such  gains  and  losses  will  be  reported  when  realised  in  profit  or  loss  for  the 
applicable period. The Bank applies FIFO1 inventory valuation method for FVOCI securities. 

For debt securities at fair value through other comprehensive income the loss allowance is calculated based on 
expected credit loss model. The expected credit loss is accounted for against Other Comprehensive Income.  

FVOCI securities are remeasured at fair value based on quoted prices or values derived from cash flow models. 
In  circumstances  where  the  quoted  market  prices  are  not  readily  available,  the  fair  value  of  debt  securities  is 
estimated using the present value of the future cash flows and the fair value of any unquoted equity instruments 
are calculated using the EPS ratio.  

Fair value through other comprehensive income option for equity instruments 

In some cases the Bank made an irrevocable election at initial recognition for certain non-trading investments in 
an  equity  instrument  to  present  subsequent  changes  in  fair  value  of  these  securities  in  other  comprehensive 
income instead of in profit or loss. 

The use of the fair value option is based only on direct decision of management of the Bank. 

2.11.  Loans, placements with other banks, repo receivables and loss allowance for loan, placements and 

repo receivables losses 

The Bank measures Loans, placements with other banks and repo receivables at amortised cost, which are held 
to collect contractual cash flows, and contractual terms of these assets give rise on specified dates to cash flows 
that  are  solely  payments  of  principal  and  interest  on  the  principal  amount  outstanding.  The  Bank  recognises 
loans,  which  are  not  held  for  trading  and  do  not  give  rise  contractual  cash  flows  that  are  solely  payments  of 
principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding as loans measured at fair value through profit or loss 
(“FVTPL loans”). 

Loans, placements with other banks and repo receivables are accounted at amortised cost, stated at the principal 
amounts outstanding including accrued interest, net of allowance for loan or placement losses, respectively.  

In case of the above mentioned financial assets measured at amortised cost transaction fees and charges adjust 
the  carrying  amount  at  initial  recognition  and  are  included  in  effective  interest  calculation.  In  case  of  FVTPL 
loans fees and charges are recognised when incurred in the separate statement of profit or loss.  

Loans, placements with other banks and repo receivables loans are derecognised when the contractual rights to 
the  cash  flows  expire  or  they  are  transferred.  When  a  financial  asset  is  derecognised  the  difference  of  the 
carrying amount and the consideration received is recognised in the profit or loss. In case of the above mentioned 
financial assets at amortised cost gains or losses from derecognition are presented in “Gains/losses arising from 
derecognition  of  financial  assets  at  amortised  cost”  line.  In  case  of  FVTPL  loans  gains  or  losses  from 
derecognition are presented in “Net operating income”. 

Change  in  the  fair  value  of  FVTPL  loans  is  broken  down  into  two  components  and  presented  in  the  separate 
statement of profit or loss as follows: 

•  Portion of the change in fair value arising from changes in credit risk are presented within “Risk cost” 
as “Change in the fair value attributable to changes in the credit risk of loans mandatorily measured at 
fair value through profit of loss”. 

•  The  remaining  component  of  the  change  is  presented  in  fair  value  within  “Net  operating  income”  as 

“Gains/(Losses) on financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss”. 

1 First In First Out 

17 

 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.11.  Loans, placements with other banks, repo receivables and loss allowance for loan, placements and 

repo receivables losses [continued] 

Initially, financial assets shall be recognised at fair value which is usually equal to the transaction value in case 
of  loans and placements. However, when the amounts are not equal, the initial fair value difference should be 
recognized. 

If  the  fair  value  of  financial  assets  is  based  on  a  valuation  technique  using  only  inputs  observable  in  market 
transactions, the Bank recognises the initial fair value difference in the Separate Statement of Profit or Loss. 

When the  fair value of financial assets is based on models for which inputs are not observable, the difference 
between  the  transaction  price  and  the  fair  value  is  deferred  and  only  recognised  in  profit  or  loss  when  the 
instrument is derecognised or the inputs became observable. 

Initial fair value of loans lent at interest below market conditions is lower than their transaction price.  

Allowance  for  losses  on  loans,  placements  with  other  banks  and  repo  receivables  represent  management 
assessment for potential losses in relation to these activities. 

The Bank recognises a loss allowance for expected credit losses on a financial asset at each reporting date. The 
loss  allowance  for  a  financial  asset  equals  to  12-month  expected  credit  loss  or  equals  to  the  lifetime  expected 
credit  losses.  The  maximum  period  over  which  expected  credit  losses  shall  be  measured  is  the  maximum 
contractual period over which the Bank is exposed to credit risk. 

If  the  credit  risk  on  a  financial  asset  has  not  increased  significantly  since  initial  recognition  then  12-month 
expected  credit  losses,  otherwise  (in  case  of  significant  credit  risk  increase)  lifetime  expected  credit  losses 
should be calculated. The expected credit loss is the present value of the difference between the contractual cash 
flows that are due to the Bank under the contract and the cash flows that the Bank expects to receive. 

When  the  contractual  cash  flows  of  a  financial  asset  are  modified  and  the  modification  does  not  result  in  the 
derecognition  of  the  financial  asset  the  Bank  recalculate  the  gross  carrying  amount  of  the  financial  asset  by 
discounting the expected future  cash flows with the original effective interest rate  of the asset. The difference 
between the carrying amount and the present value of the expected cash flows is recognised as a “Modification 
gain or loss” in the statement of profit or loss. Interest income and amortised cost are accounted for using the 
effective interest rate method. 

Write-offs are generally recorded after all reasonable restructuring or collection activities have taken place and 
the possibility of further recovery is considered to be remote. The loan is written off against the related account 
“Loss allowance on loan, placement and repo receivables losses” in the Statement of Profit or loss. 

OTP  Bank  applies  partial  or  full  write-off  for  loans  based  on  the  definitions  and  prescriptions  of  financial 
instruments in accordance with IFRS 9. If OTP Bank has no reasonable expectations regarding a financial asset 
(loan) to be recovered, it will be written off partially or fully at the time of emergence.  
The  gross  amount  and  loss  allowance  of  the  loans  shall  be  written  off  in  the  same  amount  to  the  estimated 
maximum recovery amount while the net carrying value remains unchanged.  

If  there  are  reasonable  expectations  of  recovery  for  a  financial  asset  that  is  written-off  fully  or  partially,  OTP 
Bank shall re-estimate cash flows of a financial asset and write-off reversal is applied in the financial statements. 

18 

 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.11.  Loans, placements with other banks, repo receivables and loss allowance for loan, placements and 

repo receivables losses [continued] 

Modification of contractual cash flows 

If the net present value of the contracted cash flows changes due to the modification of the contractual terms and 
it  is  not  qualified  as  derecognition,  modification  gain  or  loss  should  be  calculated  and  accounted  for  in  the 
separate statement of profit or loss. Modification gain or loss is accounted in cases like restructuring – as defined 
in internal policies of the Bank  – prolongation, renewal with unchanged terms, renewal  with shorter terms and 
prescribing capital repayment rate, if it doesn’t exist or has not been earlier. 

The changes of net present value should be calculated on  portfolio level in case of retail exposures. Each retail 
contract is restructured based on restructuring frameworks. The Bank has to evaluate these frameworks (and not 
individual contracts). The changes of net present value should be calculated individually on contract level in case 
of corporate portfolio. 

Among the possible contract amendments, the Bank considers as a derecognition and a new  recognition when 
the discounted present value – discounted at the original effective interest rate – of the cash flows under the new 
terms is at least 10 per cent different from the discounted present value of the remaining cash flows. In case of 
derecognition and new recognition the unamortised fees of the derecognised asset should be presented as Income 
similar to interest income. The newly recognised financial asset is initially measured at fair value and is placed in 
stage  1  if  the  derecognised  financial  asset  was  in  stage  1 or  stage  2  portfolio.  The  newly  recognised  financial 
asset will be purchased or originated credit impaired financial asset (“POCI”) if the derecognised financial asset 
was in stage 3 portfolio or it was POCI. 

The  modification  gain  or  loss  shall  be  calculated  at  each  contract  amendments  unless  they  are  handled  as  a 
derecognition and new recognition. In case of modification the Bank recalculates the gross carrying amount of 
the financial asset. To do this, the new  contractual cash flows should be discounted using the financial asset’s 
original effective interest rate (or credit-adjusted effective interest rate  for POCI financial  asset). Any costs or 
fees incurred adjust the carrying amount of the modified financial asset are amortized over the remaining term of 
the modified financial asset. 

Purchased or originated credit impaired financial assets 

Purchased  or  originated  financial  assets  are  credit-impaired  on  initial  recognition.  A  financial  asset  is  credit-
impaired  when  one  or  more  events  that  have  a  detrimental  impact  on  the  estimated  future  cash  flows  of  that 
financial asset have occurred.  

A purchased credit-impaired asset is likely to be acquired at a deep discount. In unusual circumstances, it may be 
possible that an entity originates a credit-impaired asset, for example, following a substantial modification of a 
distressed financial asset that resulted in the derecognition of the original financial asset. 

In  the  case  of  POCI  financial  assets,  interest  income  is  always  recognized  by  applying  the  credit-adjusted 
effective interest rate. 

For POCI financial assets, in subsequent reporting periods an entity is required to recognize: 

- 
- 

the cumulative changes in lifetime expected credit losses since initial recognition as a loss allowance, 
the impairment gain or loss which is the amount of any change in lifetime expected credit losses. 
An impairment gain is recognized (with the parallel increase of the net amortized cost of receivable) if due 
to the favourable changes after initial recognition the lifetime expected credit loss estimation is becoming 
lower than the original estimated credit losses at initial recognition. 

The POCI qualification remains from initial recognition to derecognition in the Bank’s books. 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.12.  Loss allowance 

Loss  Allowance  for  loans  and  placements  with  other  banks  and  repo  receivables  are  recognised  by  the  Bank 
based  on  the  expected  credit  loss  model  in  accordance  with  IFRS  9.  Based  on  the  three  stage  model  loss 
allowance is recognised in amount of 12 month expected credit loss from the initial recognition. Financial assets 
with  significantly  increased  credit  risk  or  credit  impaired  financial  assets  (based  on  objective  evidences)  loss 
allowance is recognised in amount of lifetime expected credit loss. 

In  case  of  purchased  or  originated  credit  impaired  financial  assets  loss  allowance  is  recognised  in  amount  of 
lifetime expected credit loss since initial recognition. Impairment gain is recognised if lifetime expected credit 
loss for purchased or originated credit impaired financial assets at measurement date are less than the estimated 
credit loss at initial recognition. 

Loss  allowance  for  loan  and  placements  are  determined  at  a  level  that  provides  coverage  for  individually 
identified credit losses. Collective impairment loss is recognised for loans with similar credit risk characteristics 
when  it  is  not  possible  to  determine  the  amount  of  the  individually  identified  credit  loss  in  the  absence  of 
objective evidence. The expected cash flows for loan portfolios are estimated based on historical loss experience.  

At  subsequent  measurement  the  Bank  recognises  through  “Loss  allowance  on  loan,  placement  and  repo 
receivables losses” in the Statement of Profit or Loss impairment gain or loss as an amount of expected credit 
losses or reversal that is required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required 
to be recognised in accordance with IFRS 9.  

If a financial asset, which previously classified in the first stage, classified subsequently in the second or third 
stage  than  loss  allowance  is  adjusted  to  lifetime  expected  credit  loss.  If  a  financial  asset,  which  previously 
classified in the second or third stages, classified subsequently in the first stage than loss allowance is adjusted to 
level of 12 month expected credit loss. 

Classification into risk classes 

According to the requirements of the IFRS9 standard, the Bank classifies financial assets measured at amortised 
cost  and fair value  through  other  comprehensive  income,  and  loan  commitments  and  financial  guarantees  into 
the following categories in accordance with IFRS9: 

Stage 1 
Stage 2 
Stage 3 

POCI 

Performing 
Performing, but compared to the initial recognition it shows significant increase in credit risk 
Non-performing 
Purchased or originated credit impaired 

In the case of trade receivables, contract assets and lease receivables the Group applies the simplified approach 
and calculates only lifetime expected credit loss. Simplified approach is the following: 

• 

• 
• 

• 

• 

• 

for  the  past  3  years  the  average  annual  balance  of  receivables  under  simplified  approach  is 
calculated,  
the written-off receivables under simplified approach are determined in the past 3 years, 
the  loss  allowance  ratio  will  be  the  sum  of  the  written-off  amounts  divided  by  the  sum  of  the 
average balances, 
historical  losses  are  adjusted  to  reflect  information  about  current  conditions  and  reasonable 
forecasts of future economic conditions, 
the loss allowance is multiplied by the end-of-year balance and it will be the actual loss allowance 
on these receivables, 
loss allowance should be recalculated annually. 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.12.  Loss allowance [continued] 

Classification into risk classes [continued] 

The  Bank  assumes  that  the  credit  risk  on  a  financial  instrument  has  not  increased  significantly  since  initial 
recognition if the financial asset is determined to have low credit risk at the reporting date. This might occur if 
the financial asset has a low risk of default, the borrower has a strong capacity to meet its contractual cash flow 
obligations in the near term and adverse changes in economic and business conditions in the longer term may, 
but  will  not  necessarily,  reduce  the  ability  of  the  borrower  to  fulfil  its  contractual  cash  flow  obligations.  The 
Bank considers souvereign exposures having low credit risk. 

Credit risk of financial assets increases significantly at the following conditions: 

• 
• 
• 

• 

• 
• 
• 

the payment delay exceeds 30 days, 
it is classified as performing forborne, 
based on individual decision, its currency suffered a significant "shock" since the disbursement of the 
loan, 
the transaction/client rating exceeds a predefined value or falls into a determined range, or compared to 
the historic value it deteriorates to a predefined degree, 
in the case household mortgage loans, the loan-to-value ratio (“LTV”) exceeds a predefined rate, 
default on another loan of the retail client, if no cross-default exists, 
in case of corporate and municipal clients: 

financial difficulty (capital requirements, liquidity, impairment of asset quality), 
significant decrease of activity and liquidity in the market of the asset, 
client’s rating reflects higher risk, but better than default, 
collateral value drops significantly, from which the client pays the loan, 

o 
o 
o 
o 
o  more than 50% decrease in owner’s equity due to net losses, 
o 
o  negative information from Central Credit Information System: the payment delay exceeds 30 

client under dissolution, 

days 

Financial assets classifies as non-performing, if the following conditions are met: 

• 
• 
• 

default, 
non-performing forborne exposures, 
in case of corporate and municipal clients: 

o  breach of contract terms and conditions 
o 

critical  financial  difficulty  of  the  client  (capital  requirements,  liquidity,  impairment  of  asset 
quality), 
liquidation, dissolution or debt clearing procedures against client, 
forced deregistration procedures from company registry, 
terminated loans by the Bank, 
in case of fraud, 

o 
o 
o 
o 
o  negative information from  Central Credit Information System: the payment delay exceeds 90 

days, 
cessation of active markets of the financial asset, 

o 
o  default of ISDA based contracts. 

For  lifetime  expected  credit  losses,  the  Bank  shall  estimate  the  risk  of  a  default  occurring  on  the  financial 
instrument during its expected life. 12-month expected credit losses are a portion of the lifetime expected credit 
losses and represent cash flow shortfalls that will result if a default occurs in the 12 months after the reporting 
date (or a shorter period fi the expected life of the financial instrument is less than 12 months), weighted by the 
probability of that default occurring. 

Expected credit losses are measured in a way that reflects: 

• 

• 

an  unbiased  and  probability-weighted  amount  that  is  determined  by  evaluating  a  range  of  possible 
outcomes, 
the time value of money, and 

reasonable and supportable information that is available without undue cost of effort at the reporting date about 
past events, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions. 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.13.  Option to designate a financial asset/liability measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL 

option) 

The Bank may, at initial recognition, irrevocably designate a financial asset or liability as measured at fair value 
through profit or loss. The Bank may use FVTPL option in the following cases:  

- 

- 

if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency (accounting 
mismatch) that would otherwise arise from measuring assets or liabilities or recognising the gains and 
losses on them on different bases 
if the group of financial liabilities or assets is managed and its performance is evaluated on a fair value 
basis, in accordance with a documented risk management or investment strategy, and information about 
the group is provided internally on that basis to the Bank’s key management personnel. 

The use of the fair value option is limited only to special situations, and it can be based only on direct decision of 
management of the Bank. 

2.14.  Sale and repurchase agreements, security lending 

Where debt or equity securities are sold under a commitment to repurchase them at a pre-determined price, they 
remain  on  the  statement  of  financial  position  and  the  consideration  received  is  recorded  in  Other  liabilities  or 
Amounts  due  to  banks  and  deposits  from  the  National  Bank  of  Hungary  and  other  banks,  or  Deposits  from 
customers. Conversely, debt or equity securities purchased under a commitment to resell are not recognized in 
the statement of financial position and the consideration paid is recorded either in Placements with other banks 
or Deposits from customers. Interest is accrued evenly over the life of the repurchase agreement. In the case of 
security lending transactions the Bank does not recognize or derecognize the securities because it is believed that 
the transferor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the securities. Only a financial 
liability or financial receivable is recognized for the consideration amount. 

2.15.  Property, equipment and intangible assets 

Property, equipment and intangible assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization and 
impairment, if any. The depreciable amount (book value less residual value) of the non-current assets must be 
allocated over their useful lives. Depreciation and amortization are calculated using the straight-line method over 
the estimated useful lives of the assets based on the following annual percentages: 

Intangible assets 

Software 
Property rights 

Property 
Office equipment and vehicles 

20-33.3% 
16.7-33.3% 
1-2% 
9-33.3% 

Depreciation and amortization on properties, equipment and intangible assets starts on the day when such assets 
are  placed  into  service.  At  each  balance  sheet  date,  the  Bank  reviews  the  carrying  value  of  its  tangible  and 
intangible assets to determine if there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss.  

If such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated to determine the extent (if any) of the 
impairment  loss.  Where  it  is  not  possible  to  estimate  the  recoverable  amount  of  an  individual  asset,  the  Bank 
estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.  

Where the carrying value of property, equipment, other tangible fixed assets and intangible assets is greater than 
the estimated recoverable amount, it is impaired immediately to the estimated recoverable amount. 

2.16.  Inventories 

The  inventories  shall  be  measured  at  the  lower  of  cost  and  net  realisable  value.  The  cost  of  inventories  shall 
comprise all costs of purchase, costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their 
present  location  and  condition.  The  Bank  uses  generally  FIFO  formulas  to  the  measurement  of  inventories. 
Inventories shall be removed from books when they are sold, unusable or destroyed. When inventories are sold, 
the  carrying  amount  of  those  inventories  shall  be  recognized  as  an  expense  in  the  period  in  which  the  related 
revenue is recognized. Repossessed assets are classified as inventories. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.17.  Investment properties 

Investment properties of the Bank are land, buildings, part of buildings which are held (as the owner or as the 
lessee  under  a  finance  lease)  to  earn  rentals  or  for  capital  appreciation  or  both,  rather  than  for  use  in  the 
production or supply of services or for administrative  purposes or sale  in the ordinary course of business. The 
Bank  measures  the  investment  properties  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  impairment,  if  any.  The 
depreciable  amount  (book  value  less  residual  value)  of  the  investment  properties  must  be  allocated  over  their 
useful  lives.  Depreciation  and  amortization  are  calculated  using  the  straight-line  method  over  the  estimated 
useful lives of the assets based on the 1-2% annual percentages. 

The fair value of the investment properties is established mainly by external experts. According to the opinion of 
the  Management  there  is  no  significant  difference  between  the  fair  value  and  the  carrying  value  of  these 
properties. 

2.18.  Financial liabilities 

The financial liabilities are presented within financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss or financial 
liabilities measured at amortised cost. In connection to the financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, 
the Bank presents the amount of change in their fair value originated from the changes of market conditions and 
business environment. Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are either financial liabilities held 
for trading or they are designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. In the case of 
financial liabilities measured at amortised cost, fees and commissions related to the origination of the financial 
liability  are  recognised  through  profit  or  loss  during  the  maturity  of  the  instrument.  In  certain  cases  the  Bank 
repurchases  a  part  of  financial  liabilities  (mainly  issued  securities  or  subordinated  bonds)  and  the  difference 
between the carrying amount of the financial liability and the amount paid for it is recognised in the statement of 
profit or loss and included in other operating income. 

2.19.  Leases 

An agreement is a lease or contains a lease if it transfers the rights to control the use of an identified asset for a 
given period in exchange for compensation. 

Expenses related to the use of lease assets, the majority of which were previously recognised in external services 
costs, will be currently classified as depreciation/amortisation and interest costs. Usufruct rights are depreciated 
using a straight line method, while lease liabilities are settled using an effective discount rate. 

Recognition of lease liabilities 

The Bank will recognise lease liabilities related to leases which were previously classified as "operating leases" 
in  accordance  with  IAS  17  Leases.  These  liabilities  will  be  measured  at  the  present  value  of  lease  payments 
receivable as at the date of commencement of the application of IFRS 16. Lease payments shall be discounted 
using  the  interest  rate  implicit  in  the  lease  or,  if  that  rate  cannot  be  readily  determined,  the  incremental 
borrowing rate. Interest rate applied by the Bank: weighted average lessee’s incremental borrowing rate: ~1,62%  

At their date of initial recognition, lease payments contained in the measurement of lease liabilities comprise the 
following types of payments for the right to use the underlying asset for the life of the lease: 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

fixed lease payments less any lease incentives, 
variable lease payments which are dependent on market indices, 
amounts expected to be payable by the lessee under residual value guarantees, 
the strike price of a purchase option, if it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised, and 
payment  of  contractual  penalties  for  terminating  the  lease,  if  the  lease  period  reflects  that  the  lessee 
used the option of terminating the lease. 

The Bank makes use of expedients with respect to short-term leases (less than 12 months) as well as in the case 
of  leases  in  respect  of  which  the  underlying  asset  has  a  low  value  (less  than  HUF  1.4  million)  and  for  which 
agreements it will not recognise financial liabilities nor any respective right-of-use assets. These types of lease 
payments will be recognised as costs using the straight-line method during the life of the lease. 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.20.    Leases [continued] 

Recognition of right-of-use assets 

Right-of-use assets are initially measured at cost. 

The cost of a right-of-use asset comprises: 

- 
- 
- 
- 

the amount of the initial measurement of lease liabilities, 
any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, less any lease incentives received, 
any initial direct costs incurred by the lessee, 
estimates of costs to be incurred by the lessee as a result of an obligation to disassemble and remove an 
underlying asset or to carry out renovation/restoration. 

Right-of-use assets are presented separately in the financial statements. 

2.20. Share capital 

Share  capital  is  the  capital  determined  in  the  Articles  of  Association  and  registered  by  the  Budapest-Capital 
Regional Court. Share capital is the capital the Bank raised by issuing common stocks at the date the shares were 
issued. The amount of share capital has not changed over the current period. 

2.21.  Treasury shares 

Treasury shares are shares which are purchased on the stock exchange and the over-the-counter market by the 
Bank  and  are  presented  in  the  separate  statement  of  financial  position  at  acquisition  cost  as  a  deduction  from 
shareholders’  equity.  Gains  and  losses  on  the  sale  of  treasury  shares  are  recognised  directly  to  shareholder’s 
equity. Derecognition of treasury shares is based on the FIFO method. 

2.22.  Interest income, income similar to interest income and interest expense 

Interest  income  and  expenses  are  recognised  in  profit  or  loss  in  the  period  to  which  they  relate,  using  the 
effective interest rate method.  
For  exposures  categorized  into  stage  1  and  stage  2  the  interest  income  is  recognized  on  a  gross  basis.  For 
exposures  categorized  into  stage  3  (using  effective  interest  rate)  and  for  POCI  (using  credit-adjusted  effective 
interest rate) the interest income is recognized on a net basis. 
The  time-proportional  income  similar  to  interest  income  of  derivative  financial  instruments  calculated  without 
using the effective interest method and the positive fair value adjustment of interest rate swaps are also included 
in income similar to interest income. Interest income of FVTPL loans is calculated based on interest fixed in the 
contract and presented in “Income similar to interest income” line. 
Interest  from  loans  and  deposits  are  accrued  on  a  daily  basis.  Interest  income  and  expense  include  certain 
transaction  cost  and  the  amortisation  of  any  discount  and  premium  between  the  initial  carrying  amount  of  an 
interest-bearing instrument and its amount at maturity calculated on an effective interest rate basis. 
All  interest  income  and  expense  recognised  are  arising  from  loans,  placements  with  other  banks,  repo 
receivables,  securities  at  fair  value  through  other  comprehensive  income,  securities  at  amortised  cost,  and 
amounts due to banks, repo liabilities, deposits from customers, liabilities from issued securities, subordinated 
bonds and loans are presented under these lines of financial statements 
2.23.  Fees and Commissions 

Fees and commissions that are not involved in the amortised cost model are recognised in the Separate Statement 
of Profit or Loss on an accrual basis according to IFRS 15. These fees are related to deposits, cash withdrawal, 
security trading, bank card, etc.  

The  Bank  recognise  income  if  performance  obligations  related  to  the  certain  goods  or  service  are  satisfied, 
performed, and control over the asset is transferred to the customer, and it is probable that consideration payable 
will  probably  flow  to  the  entity.  In  case  of  those  service,  where  the  Bank  transfer  control  over  the  asset 
continuously, income is recognised on accrual basis. (For more details see note 31) 

The  Bank  provides  foreign  exchange  trading  services  to  its  customers,  the  profit  margin  achieved  on  these 
transactions is presented as Net profit from fees and commissions in the Separate Statement of Profit or Loss. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.24.  Dividend income 

Dividend income refers to any distribution of entity’s earnings to shareholders from stocks or mutual funds that 
is owned by the Bank. The Bank recognizes dividend income in the separate financial statements when its right 
to receive the payment is established. 

2.25.  Income tax 

The Bank considers corporate income tax and local business tax and the innovation contribution as income tax in 
Hungary.  The  annual  taxation  charge  is  based  on  the  tax  payable  under  Hungarian  fiscal  law,  adjusted  for 
deferred  taxation.  Deferred  taxation  is  accounted  for  using  the  balance  sheet  liability  method  in  respect  of 
temporary  differences  between  the  tax  bases  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  their  carrying  value  for  financial 
reporting purposes, measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply when the asset is realised or the liability 
is settled.  

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are presented in a net way in the statement of financial position. Current tax 
asset  or  current  tax  liability  is  presented  related  to  income  tax  and  innovation  contribution  separately  in  the 
statement of financial position. 

Deferred  tax  assets  are  recognized  by  the  Bank  for  the  amounts  of  income  tax  that  are  recoverable  in  future 
periods in respect of deductible temporary differences as well as the carry forward of unused tax losses and the 
carryforward of unused tax credits. 

The  Bank  recognizes  a  deferred  tax  asset  for  all  deductible  temporary  differences  arising  from  investments  in 
subsidiaries, branches and associates, and interests in joint arrangements, to the extent that, and only to the extent 
that, it is probable that: 

- the temporary difference will reverse in the foreseeable future; and  
- taxable profit will be available against which the temporary difference can be utilised. 

The  Bank  considers  the  availability  of  qualifying  taxable  temporary  differences  and  the  probability  of  other 
future taxable profits to determine whether future taxable profits will be available. 
The Bank recognizes a deferred tax liability for all taxable temporary differences associated with investments in 
subsidiaries,  branches  and  associates,  and  interests  in  joint arrangements,  except  to  the  extent  that  both  of  the 
following conditions are satisfied: 

-  
the Bank is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference, and 
-    it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 

The Bank only offsets its deferred tax liabilities against deferred tax assets when: 

- 
- 

there is a legally enforceable right to set-off current tax liabilities against current tax assets, and 
the taxes are levied by the same taxation authorities on either 

the same taxable entity or 

• 
•  different taxable entities which intend to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis. 

2.26.  Banking tax 

The Bank is obliged to pay banking tax based on Act LIX of 2006. As the calculation is not based on the taxable 
profit (but the adjusted Assets total calculated based on the Separate Financial Statements for the second period 
preceding  the  current  tax  year),  banking  tax  is  not  considered  as  income  tax.  Therefore,  the  banking  tax  is 
considered as an other administrative expense, not as income tax. 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.27.  Off-balance sheet commitments and contingent liabilities, provisions 

In  the  ordinary  course  of  its  business,  the  Bank  has  entered  into  off-balance  sheet  commitments  such  as 
guarantees,  commitments  to  extend  credit,  letters  of  credit  and  transactions  with  financial  instruments.  The 
provision on off-balance sheet commitments and contingent liabilities is maintained at a level adequate to absorb 
probable future losses which are probable and relate to present obligations.  
Those commitments and contingent liabilities Management determines the adequacy of the provision based upon 
reviews of individual items, recent loss experience, current economic conditions, the risk characteristics of the 
various categories of transactions and other pertinent factors. 
The Bank recognizes a provision for off-balance sheet commitment and contingent liabilities in accordance with 
IAS 37 when it has a  present obligation as a result of a past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources 
embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation; and a reliable estimate can be made of the 
obligation. 

Expected  credit  loss  model  is  applied  for  given  financial  guarantees  and  loan  commitments  which  are  under 
IFRS 9 the, when the provision is calculated (see more details in Note 2.12.). After initial recognition the Group 
subsequently measures those contracts at a higher of the amount of the loss allowance or of the amount initially 
recognised less the cumulative amount of income recognized in accordance with IFRS 15. 

2.28.  Share-based payment and employee benefits 

The Bank has applied the requirements of IFRS 2 Share-based Payment.  

The Bank issues equity-settled share-based payments to certain employees. Equity-settled share-based payments 
are  measured  at  fair  value  at  the  grant  date.  The  fair  value  determined  at  the  grant  date  of  the  equity-settled 
share-based payments is expensed on a straight-line basis over the year, based on the Bank’s estimate of shares 
that will eventually vest.  

Fair value is measured by use of a binomial model. The expected life used in the model has been adjusted, based 
on  Management’s  best  estimate,  for  the  effects  of  non-transferability,  exercise  restrictions,  and  behavioural 
considerations.  

The Bank has applied the requirement of IAS 19 Employee Benefits. The Bank’s short-term employee benefits 
are wages, salaries and bonuses, premium, paid annual leave and paid sick leave and other free services (health 
care, reward holiday). Short-term employee benefits are  expected to pay by the Bank within 12 month. These 
benefits are recognised as an expense and liability undiscounted in the separate financial statements. 

Long-term employee benefits are mostly the jubilee reward. Long-term employee benefits are recognised as an 
expense  and  liability  in  the  separate  financial  statements.  Liabilities  are  regularly  remeasured.  Gains  or  losses 
due to the remeasurement are recognised in the separate statement of profit or loss. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.29.  Separate statement of cash flows 

Cash flows arising from the operating, investing or financing activities are reported in the Statement of Cash-
Flows of the Bank primarily on a gross basis. Net basis reporting are applied by the Bank in the following cases: 

▪  when the cash flows reflect the activities of the customer rather than those of the Bank, and 
▪ 
for items in which the turnover is quick, the amounts are large, and the maturities are short. 

For the purposes of reporting cash flows “Cash, due from banks and balances with the NBH” line item excluding 
compulsory reserve are considered as cash and cash equivalents by the Bank. This line item shows balances of 
HUF and foreign currency cash amounts, and sight depos from NBH and from other banks, furthermore balances 
of current accounts. 

Cash flows from hedging activities are classified in the same category as the item being hedged. The unrealised 
gains and losses from the translation of monetary items to the closing foreign exchange rates and the unrealised 
gains and losses from derivative financial instruments are presented separately net in the statement of cash flows 
for the monetary items which have been revaluated. 

2.30.  Segment reporting 

IFRS 8 Operating Segments requires operating segments to be identified on the basis of internal reports about 
components of the Bank that are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker in order to allocate 
resources to the segments and to assess their performance.  
At  separate  level,  the  Management  does  not  separate  and  makes  decisions  based  on  different  segments;  the 
segments are identified by the Bank only at consolidated level in line with IFRS 8 paragraph 4. At Group level 
the segments identified by the Bank are the business and geographical segments.  
The Group’s operating segments under IFRS 8 are therefore  as follows: OTP  Core Hungary, Russia, Ukraine, 
Bulgaria,  Romania,  Serbia,  Croatia,  Montenegro,  Albania,  Moldova,  Slovenia,  Merkantil  Group,  Asset 
Management subsidiaries, other subsidiaries, Corporate Centre. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.31.  Comparative figures 

Reclassification of certain local taxes 

The Bank has reviewed prescriptions related to  local taxes, the determination of their tax base and their effects 
on payment  obligation. As a result of the review the  local business tax and innovation contribution  have been 
reclassified to income tax in line with banking industry practice. In the financial statements prepared for the year 
ended 31 December 2021 the Bank presents these taxes as income tax and reclassified the financial information 
for comparative periods. 
Derecognition of financial assets at amortized cost is presented separately in the  separate statement of profit or 
loss.  Those  items  are  to  be  separated  from  those  results  which  previously  contained  them.  In  the  separate 
financial  position  there  is  provision  for  conditional  liability  to  be  separated  from  other  liabilities  which 
previously contained them. All these reclassifications were necessary to improve presentation. 

The impact of the reclassification of comparative information is summarized in the following tables: 

Statement of Financial Position 

Line item 

31 December 
2021 

31 December 
2020 after 
reclassification 

Reclassification of 
amounts related to 
local taxes 

31 December 2020 
Previously 
presented 

Current tax liabilities 
Other liabilities 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND 
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 

Statement of Profit or Loss 

4,776 
238,437 

1,464 
223,433 

1,464 
(1,464) 

- 
224,897 

13,710,471 

11,154,394 

- 

11,154,394 

Line item 

Year ended 31 
December 
2021 

Taxes, other than income tax 
Other administrative expenses 

(81,171) 
(178,611) 

Year ended 31 
December 2020 
After 
reclassification 
(73,384) 
(154,165) 

Reclassification of 
amounts related to 
local taxes 

(12,349) 
(12,349) 

Year ended 31 
December 2020 
Previously 
presented 

(85,733) 
(166,514) 

OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE 
EXPENSES 

PROFIT BEFORE INCOME 
TAX 
Income tax 
NET PROFIT FOR THE YEAR 

(355,429) 

(311,611) 

(12,349) 

(323,960) 

141,290 
(15,951) 
125,339 

105,595 
(13,121) 
92,474 

(12,349) 
12,349 
- 

93,246 
(772) 
92,474 

Amendments  to  the  information  published  in  the  supplementary  annexes  concerned  the  following 
supplementary notes 

Note 
24 
33 
34 

Other liabilities and provisions 
Other operating income and expenses and other administrative expenses 
Income tax 

Name of the Note 

The Bank has reclassified the presentation of the detailed notes to the amended  statement of financial position 
and statement of profit or loss line items for comparative information in accordance with the new values. These 
amendments have been marked “Reclassified” by the Bank. 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 3: 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND DECISIONS IN THE 
APPLICATION OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

The presentation of separate financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the Management of the Bank 
to  make  judgements  about  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities 
and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and their reported 
amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  during  the  reporting  period.  The  estimates  and  associated  assumptions  are 
based  on  expected  loss  and  other  factors  that  are  considered  to  be  relevant.  The  estimates  and  underlying 
assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period. 
Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant areas of subjective judgements include: 

3.1. 

Loss allowance on financial instruments 

The Bank regularly assesses its financial instruments for impairment. Management determines the adequacy of 
the allowances based upon reviews of individual loans and placements, recent loss experience, current economic 
conditions,  the  risk  characteristics  of  the  various  categories  of  loans  and  other  pertinent  factors.  The  use  of  a 
new,  three  stage  model  was  implemented  for  IFRS  9  purposes.  The  new  impairment  methodology  is  used  to 
classify financial instruments in order to determine whether credit risk has significantly increased since initial 
recognition  and  able  to  identify  credit-impaired  assets.  For  instruments  with  credit-impairment  or  significant 
increase of credit risk lifetime expected losses will be recognized. (For details see note 36.1.1.) 

3.2. 

Valuation of instruments without direct quotations  

Financial  instruments  without  direct  quotations  in  an  active  market  are  valued  using  the  valuation  model 
technique. The models are regularly reviewed and each model is calibrated for the most recent available market 
data. While the models are built only on available data, their use is subject to certain assumptions and estimates 
(e.g. for correlations, volatilities, etc). Changes in the model assumptions may affect the reported fair value of 
the relevant financial instruments.  

IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement seeks to increase consistency and comparability in  fair value measurements 
and  related  disclosures  through  a  'fair  value  hierarchy'.  The  hierarchy  categorises  the  inputs  used  in  valuation 
techniques  into  three  levels.  The  hierarchy  gives  the  highest  priority  to  (unadjusted)  quoted  prices  in  active 
markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs.  The Bank evaluates the 
levelling  at  each  reporting  period  on  an  instrument-by-instrument  basis  and  reclassifies  instruments  when 
necessary, based on the facts at the beginning of the reporting period. The objective of a fair value measurement 
is to estimate the price at which an orderly transaction to sell the asset or to transfer the liability would take place 
between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. 

3.3. 

Provisions 

Provision is recognised and measured for commitments to extend credit and for warranties arising from banking 
activities  based  on  IFRS  9  Financial  Instruments.  Provision  for  these  instruments  is  recognised  based  on  the 
credit conversion factor, which shows the proportion of the undrawn credit line that will be probably drawn. 

Other provision is recognised and measured based on IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent 
Assets. The Bank is involved in a number of ongoing legal disputes. Based upon historical experience and expert 
reports,  the  Bank  assesses  the  developments  in  these  cases,  and  the  likelihood  and  the  amount  of  potential 
financial losses which are appropriately provided for. (See Note 24.) 

Other  provision  for  off-balance  sheet  items  includes  provision  for  litigation,  provision  for  retirement  and 
expected liabilities and provision for Confirmed letter of credit. 

A provision is recognised by the Bank when it has a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable 
that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable 
estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. 

29 

 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 3: 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND DECISIONS IN THE 
APPLICATION OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

3.4. 

Business models 

A business model refers how the  Bank manages its financial instruments in order to generate  cash flows. It is 
determined at a level that reflects how groups of financial instruments are managed rather than at an instrument 
level. 

The financial assets held by the Bank are classified into three categories depending on the business model within 
the financial assets are managed.  

•  Business  model  whose  objective  is  to  hold  financial  assets  in  order  to  collect  contractual  cash  flows. 
Some  sales  can  be  consistent  with  hold  to  collect  business  model  and  the  Bank  assesses  the  nature, 
frequency and significance of any sales occurring. The Bank does not consider the sale frequent when at 
least six months have elapsed between sales. The significant sales are those when the sales exceed 2% 
of  the  total  hold  to  collect  portfolio.  Within  this business  model  the  Bank  manages  mainly  loans  and 
advances and long term securities and other financial assets.  

•  Business  model  whose  objective  is  achieved  by  both  collecting  contractual  cash  flows  and  selling 

financial assets. Within this business model the Bank only manages securities. 

•  Business model whose objective is to achieve gains in a short term period. Within this business model 

the Bank manages securities and derivative financial instrument. 

If cash flows are realised in a way that is different from the expectations at the date that the Bank assessed the 
business model, that does not give rise to a prior error in the Bank’s financial statements nor does it change the 
classification of the remaining financial assets held in that business model. 

When,  and  only  when  the  Bank  changes  its  business  model  for  managing  financial  assets  it  reclassifies  all 
affected assets. Such changes are determined by the Bank’s senior management as a result of external or internal 
changes and must be significant to the  Bank’s operations and demonstrable to external parties. The  Bank shall 
not reclassify any financial liability. 

3.4. 

Contractual cash-flow characteristics of financial assets 

Classification of a financial asset is based on the characteristics of its contractual cash flows if the financial asset 
is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows or within a 
business  model  whose  objective  is  achieved  by  both  collecting  contractual  cash  flows  and  selling  financial 
assets. 

The  Bank  should  determine  whether  the  asset’s  contractual  cash  flows  are  solely  payments  of  principal  and 
interest  on  the  principal  amount  outstanding  (SPPI  test).  Contractual  cash  flows  that  are  solely  payments  of 
principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding are consistent with a basic lending arrangement.  

Contractual terms that introduce exposure to risks or volatility in the contractual cash flows that is unrelated to a 
basic lending arrangement, such as exposure to changes in equity prices or commodity prices, do not give rise to 
contractual  cash  flows  that  are  solely  payments  of  principal  and  interest  on  the  principal  amount  outstanding. 
The Bank assesses whether contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal 
amount outstanding for the currency in which the financial asset is denominated. 

Time  value  of  money  is  the  element  of  interest  that  provides  consideration  for  only  the  passage  of  time. 
However, in some cases, the time value of money element may be modified. In such cases, the Bank assesses the 
modification to determine whether the contractual cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest 
on the principal amount outstanding. 

When  assessing  a  modified  time  value  of  money  element,  the  objective  is  to  determine  how  different  the 
undiscounted contractual cash flows could be from undiscounted cash flows that would arise if the time value of 
money element was not modified (the benchmark cash flows). The benchmark instrument can be an actual or a 
hypothetical financial asset. If the undiscounted contractual cash flows significantly  – above 2%  – differ from 
the  undiscounted  benchmark  cash  flows,  the  financial  asset  should  be  subsequently  measured  at  fair  value 
through profit or loss. 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 4: 

COVID-19 (in HUF mn) 

Covid-19  has had  substantial implications  for  the  operations  of  the  Bank  during  2021.  Below  are  some  of  the 
more important Covid-19 related events that occurred in Hungary: 

•  Effective from 13 January 2021 the National Bank of Hungary extended the available amount for the Bond 
Funding  for  Growth  scheme  by  HUF  750  billion  to  HUF  1,150  billion.  At  the  same  time  it  decided  to 
increase the maximum maturity of corporate bonds that can be purchased by the central bank from 20 to 30 
years. Also, the central bank’s exposure limit to a company group was revised from HUF 50 billion to HUF 
70 billion. 

•  On 4 February 2021 the Prime Minister announced an interest-free loan programme for companies in trouble 
in the wake of the pandemic. According to Government Resolution 1038/2021. (II. 5.) the programme will be 
administered by the Hungarian Development Bank, and the available amount under the programme will be 
HUF 100 billion. Companies can take out maximum HUF 10 million each for the purpose of covering wages 
and social contributions, overhead costs, general operating expenses and inventory financing. Client interest 
rate is 0%, the loan tenor can be up to 10 years, and the servicing of the loan will start after a 3 year grace 
period.  The  scope  of  eligible  entities  was  determined  in  agreement  with  the  Hungarian  Chamber  of 
Commerce and Industry. 

•  On  1  April  2021  Moody’s  rating  agency  upgraded  the  outlook  on  the  Hungarian  banking  sector  from 

negative to stable 

•  On 6 April 2021 the NBH raised the available amount for the Funding for Growth Go! Scheme by HUF 500 

billion to HUF 3,000 billion. 

•  On 18 May 2021 the Hungarian Development Bank revealed that the interest-free, maximum HUF 10 million 
loan  for  micro-  and  small  enterprises  (the  so-called  interest-free  restart  quick  loan)  can  be  applied  for  by 
companies  whose  revenues  in  2020  plummeted  by  more  than  30%,  irrespective  of  the  scope  of  activities 
(certain other criteria must be met). 

•  On 25 May 2021 the National Bank of Hungary did not touch the benchmark interest rates, but stressed that 
the central bank is ready to tighten monetary conditions in a proactive manner to the extent necessary in order 
to ensure price stability and to mitigate inflation risks.  

•  On 9 June 2021 Viktor Orbán Prime Minister announced that their actual personal income tax payments (up 
to the tax burden of the average wage) will be refunded to families raising kids in early-2022 provided that 
the 2021 GDP growth surpasses 5.5%. 

•  According to Government Decree No. 317/2021. (VI. 9.) released on 9 June 2021 the payment moratorium 

was extended with unchanged conditions until 30 September 2021.  

•  On 9 June 2021 Viktor Orbán Prime Minister announced that once the central bank phases out its Funding 
for Growth scheme, the government will have to shoulder the financial burden of providing cheap (not higher 
than  0.5%  interest  rate)  subsidized  loans  to  domestic  micro  and  small  enterprises,  through  the  Széchenyi 
Card  programme  by  KAVOSZ.  On  9  June  László  Krisán,  CEO  of  KAVOSZ  revealed  the  details  of  the 
Széchenyi Card GO! programme launched on 1 July 2021. 

•  On  its  22  June  2021  meeting  the  Monetary  Council  embarked  on  a  rate  hike  cycle:  the  base  rate  was 
increased by 30 bps to 0.9%. Also, effective from 24 June 2021 the National Bank of Hungary raised the one-
week deposit rate to the level of the base rate. 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 4: 

COVID-19 (in HUF mn) [continued] 

•  The Monetary Council has started to transform the use of instruments having an effect at longer maturities. 
Accordingly, with the exhaustion of the HUF 3,000 billion available amount,  the Funding for Growth Go! 
programme  will be phased out.  However,  the  central  bank  continues  to  consider  the government  securities 
purchase programme to be crucial in its set of monetary policy instruments. The central bank will continue to 
use the programme by maintaining a lasting presence in the market, taking a flexible approach to changing 
the quantity and structure of weekly securities purchases, to the extent and for the time necessary. 

•  On 2 July 2021 the National Bank of Hungary recommended in its circular that financial institutions should 
abstain from charging prepayment fees in the case of full or partial prepayment of deferred interest and fee 
accumulated  during  the  term  of  the  moratorium.  The  central  bank  also  recommended  free  of  charge  loan 
contract  modification  if  borrowers  voluntarily  undertake  higher monthy  instalments  in  order  to  shorten  the 
remaining maturity. 

•  On  6  July  2021  the  National  Bank  of  Hungary  announced  that  with  the  aim  of  boosting  green  mortgage 
lending,  it  decided  to  launch  the  Green  Mortgage  Bond  Purchase  Programme  and  the  FGS  Green  Home 
Programme as the first steps of the implementation of the new Green Monetary Policy Toolkit Strategy: 

The strategic goal of the Green Mortgage Bond Purchase Programme is to contribute to the development of 
the  domestic  green  mortgage  bond  market  through  targeted  purchases  and,  through  this,  encourage  green 
mortgage  loan activities. The central bank will review the programme when the HUF 200 billion purchase 
volume  has  been  reached.  Additionally,  the  central  bank  also  decided  to  re-launch  the  Mortgage  Bond 
Rollover Facility for mortgage bonds without green rating. 

The  central  bank  will  launch  the  Green  Home  Programme  in  October  2021  with  a  total  limit  of  HUF  200 
billion as part of the Funding for Growth Scheme (FGS). As in the previous phases of the FGS, the MNB 
will  provide  refinancing  operation  to  credit  institutions  at  0%  interest,  which  will  be  lent  to  residential 
customers at a maximum of 2.5%, fixed interest rate until the end of the maturity period. Under the scheme, 
loans of up to HUF 70 million and a maximum term of 25 years can be granted for constructions or purchases 
of new, highly energy-efficient residential real estates. 

•  On 23 July 2021 the European Central Bank announced that restrictions concerning dividend payments won’t 

be prolonged beyond the previously effective deadline of 30 September 2021. 

•  A Government Decree was published on 23 July 2021 facilitating the VAT refund in the case of newly built 

houses in brownfield sites. 

•  On 27 July 2021 the National Bank of Hungary raised the base rate by 30 bps to 1.2%, then on 29 July the 

one-week deposit rate was hiked to the same level, by the same magnitude. 

•  On 30 July 2021 the results of the 2021 EU-wide stress test conducted by the European Banking Authority 
were revealed. The fully loaded consolidated Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) ratio of OTP Bank Plc. would 
change to 16.3% under the baseline scenario and to 11.2% under the adverse scenario in 2023, compared to 
14.2% as at the end of 2020. 

•  On  12  August  2021  the  National  Bank  of  Hungary  announced  that  its  management  circular  has  been 
reviewed.  According  to  one  of  the  amendments,  the  central  bank  extended  the  deadline  concerning 
restrictions on dividend payment and treasury share purchases until the end of 2021. Credit instititions might 
be exempted from the dividend payment ban only if they meet certain strict conditions. 

•  On 24 August 2021 the National Bank of Hungary raised the base rate by 30 bps to 1.5%. Additionally, the 
central bank decided to begin gradually withdrawing the government securities purchase programme while 
considering  aspects  of  maintaining  market  stability.  Also,  the  central  bank  increased  the  available  amount 
under the Bond Funding for Growth scheme by HUF 400 billion to HUF 1,550 billion. 

•  Pursuant to Government Decree 536/2021. (IX. 15.) published on 15 September, the Government decided to 

extend the debt repayment moratorium with the following conditions: 

•  The  blanket  moratorium  was  extended  by  an  additional  month,  until  the  end  of  October,  in  an  unchanged 

form. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 4: 

COVID-19 (in HUF mn) [continued] 

•  From the beginning of November 2021 until 30 June 2022 only the eligible borrowers can participate in the 
moratorium  provided  that  they  submitted  a  request  to  their  banks  about  their  intention  to  stay.  So,  the 
extension  beyond  October  is  not  automatic:  borrowers  had  to  submit  a  notification  to  their  bank  (opt-in). 
Eligible  retail  borrowers  include  private  individuals  whose  income  fell  compared  to  the  previous  period, 
unemployed people, fostered workers, families raising children below the age of 25 or expecting a baby, and 
pensioners  (for  details  see  the  relevant  decree).  Eligible  companies  shall  fulfil  the  following  criteria:  more 
than 25% decline in revenues in the 18 months period preceding the submission of the request to participate, 
and if the company has not concluded a new subsidized loan contract since 18 March 2020. 

•  During  the  term  of  the  one-month  extension  until  the  end  of  October,  eligible  clients  could  submit  the 
necessary  documents  to  their  banks  in  order  to  stay  in  the  scheme  until  June  2022,  so  this  one-month 
lengthening could be regarded as technical. 

•  According to Government Decree 537/2021. (IX. 15.) published on 15 September, credit institutions shall re-
calculate  the interest deferred during the period spent in the  moratorium in the case of overdraft loans and 
credit  card  exposures.  The  base  for  the  re-calculation  shall  be  the  NBH’s  statistical  data  for  the  average 
annualized cash loan interest rate published for February 2020. The difference between the deferred interest 
booked according to the original contract and the re-calculated amount shall be refunded to the borrowers by 
way of crediting the borrowers’ account with the due amount.  

•  On 21 September 2021 the National Bank of Hungary hiked the base rate by 15 bps to 1.65%. Furthermore, 

the NBH continued to gradually withdraw the government securities purchase programme.  

•  On 4 October 2021 the National Bank of Hungary launched the FGS Green Home Programme as  part of its 

green monetary policy toolkit strategy. 

•  On 19 October 2021 the National Bank of Hungary increased the base rate by 15 bps to 1.8%.  

•  On 16 November 2021 the Monetary Council of the NBH hiked the base rate by 30 bps to 2.1%. The Deputy 
Governor of NBH stressed after the Monetary Council meeting that the NBH is ready to set the rate of the 1-
week central bank deposit above the level of the base rate already from 18 November. Accordingly, on 18 
November the NBH raised the rate of the 1-week deposit facility to 2.5%, and the central bank accepted all 
offers at the tender. Consequently, the 1-week deposit has become the effective rate for the banking sector 
determining the marginal asset yields. 

•  On its weekly one-week deposit tender on 25 November 2021 the NBH offered an interest rate of 2.9%. 

•  On 30 November 2021 the NBH’s Monetary Council widened the interest rate corridor and also decided to 
make it asymmetric. Accordingly, the lower bound of the corridor was raised by 45 bps and the upper one by 
105 bps.  

•  On 2 December 2021 the NBH hiked the rate of the 1-week central bank deposit by 20 bps to 3.1%. 

33 

 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 4: 

COVID-19 (in HUF mn) [continued] 

•  On 9 December 2021 the NBH hiked the rate of the 1-week central bank deposit by 20 bps to 3.3%. 

•  On  14  December  2021  the  NBH’s  Monetary  Council  raised  the  base  rate  by  30  bps  to  2.4%  and  made  a 
decision  to  phase  out  both  the  Bond  Funding  for  Growth  programme  and  the  government  bond  purchase 
programme. 

•  On 16 December 2021 the NBH hiked the rate of the 1-week central bank deposit by 30 bps to 3.6%. 

•  Mr.  Viktor  Orbán  Prime  Minister  announced  on  22  December  2021  that  the  government  will  introduce  an 
interest rate cap for certain retail mortgage loans (for example whose pricing is linked to a reference rate, but 
the legislation does not apply to those with longer fixation periods) for the period between 1 January and 30 
June 2022. Accordingly, the affected mortgages’ reference rate cannot be higher than the relevant reference 
rate as at 27 October 2021. Furthermore, banks had to inform their borrowers about the interest rate risk and 
offer  amendments  to  the  contract  until  31  January  2022.  Details  were  laid  down  by  Government  Decree 
782/2021 (XII. 24.) and Decree 1/2022 (I. 3.) by the Prime Minister’s Office. 

•  On 23 December 2021 the NBH hiked the rate of the 1-week central bank deposit by 20 bps to 3.8%. 

• 

In  its  release  published  on  27  December  2021  the  NBH  said  that  from  1  January  2022  Hungarian  credit 
institutions can pay dividends and buy back shares with shareholder remuneration purposes again. Thus, the 
NBH did not extend these restrictions in line with the similar step taken by the ECB at the end of September.  

•  On 30 December 2021 the NBH hiked the rate of the 1-week central bank deposit by 20 bps to 4.0%. 

•  Against the initially planned 2 pps social security contribution cut effective from July 2022, the government 
reduced employers’ taxes by 4 pps already from 1 January 2022 (the 1.5% vocational training contribution 
was abolished and the social contribution taxes were cut by 2.5 pps). 

•  On 25 January 2022 the NBH hiked the base rate by 50 bps to 2.9%. 

•  On 27 January 2022 the NBH hiked the rate of the 1-week central bank deposit by 30 bps to 4.3%. 

•  On 15 February 2022 the CSO revealed the final GDP growth figures: accordingly, in 4Q 2021 the quarterly 
expansion  of  2.1%  was  stronger  than  expected,  lifting  the  annual  growth  rate  to  7.1%  in  2021  as  a  whole 
(seasonally  and  working  day  adjusted).  Mr.  Mihály  Varga  (Minister  of  Finance)  announced  that  the 
government expects 5.9% growth for 2022. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 4: 

COVID-19 (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Interest rate cap 

For the period between 1 January and 30 June 2022 the government introduced an interest rate cap for variable-
rate  retail  mortgage  loans,  and  with  its  decision  announced  on  18  February,  for  housing  purposes  financial 
leasing  contracts,  too.  Accordingly,  the  affected  exposures’  reference  rate  cannot  be  higher  than  the  relevant 
reference rate as at 27 October 2021. 
The modification loss related to the interest rate cap for variable rate mortgage loans announced on 22 December 
2021  was  recognized  in  the Bank’s  2021  financial  accounts.  The  extension  of  the  interest  rate  cap  to  housing 
purposes financial leasing contracts does not have a significant negative effect. 

Moratorium one-off effect 

In  Hungary  the  first  phase  of  the  moratorium  on  loan  payments  was  effective  from  19  March  2020  to  31 
December 2020. At the end of 2020 the moratorium was extended in unchanged form for the period between 1 
January 2021 and 30 June 2021. Furthermore, according to Government Decree No. 317/2021. (VI. 9.) released 
on  9  June  2021  the  payment  moratorium  was  extended  with  unchanged  conditions  until  30  September  2021. 
Pursuant  to  Government  Decree  536/2021.  (IX.  15.)  published  on  15  September,  the  Government  decided  to 
extend the debt repayment moratorium: the blanket moratorium was extended by an additional month, until the 
end of October, in an unchanged form. Furthermore, from the beginning of November 2021 until 30 June 2022 
only  the  eligible  borrowers  can  participate  in  the  moratorium  provided  that  they  submitted  a  request  to  their 
banks about their intention to stay. 
During the term of the moratorium OTP Bank accrues the unpaid interest in its statement of recognized income, 
amongst the revenues. At the same time, due to the fact that interest cannot be charged on the unpaid interest, 
and the unpaid interest will be repaid later, in the course of 2020 and 2021 altogether HUF 43.3 billion after tax 
loss  emerged  in  Hungary  and  Serbia  altogether.  Within  that  amount  there  was  a  -HUF  1.7  billion  (after  tax) 
negative  impact  booked  in  December  2020  in  relation  to  the  Serbian  deferral  scheme,  as  the  original  interest 
calculation method was changed by the local regulator (originally the compound interest method was allowed by 
the law in Serbia, but charging interest on deferred interest was later retroactively disallowed by the regulator).  
Loan  volumes  under  the  Hungarian  payment  holiday  followed  a  declining  trend  till  the  end  of  October  2021, 
then from November the participation dropped materially due to the changes to the structure. At the end of 2021 
the total household and corporate exposures remaining under the moratorium comprised HUF 245 billion at OTP 
Core and Merkantil Group, which made up 4.1% of the total gross loan portfolio of those two entities. 

Participation in COVID moratorium as at 31 December 2021 

OTP Bank 

113,639 

2.3% 

Current volume in moratorium 

Current participation ratio 

Participation in COVID moratorium as at 31 December 2021 

OTP Bank 

1,059,428 

26.2% 

Current volume in moratorium 

Current participation ratio 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 4: 

COVID-19 (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Financial assets modified during the year ended 31 December 2021 related to covid moratorium 

Modification due to prolongation of deadline of covid moratoria till 30 September 

Gross carrying amount before modification 
Modification loss due to covid moratoria 
Gross carrying amount after modification 
Loss allowance before modification 
Net amortised cost after modification 

Modification due to prolongation of deadline of covid moratoria till 31 October 

Gross carrying amount before modification 
Modification loss due to covid moratoria 
Gross carrying amount after modification 
Loss allowance before modification 
Net amortised cost after modification 

668,312 
(5,284) 
663,028 
(55,180) 
607,848 

665,620 
(1,292) 
664,328 
(58,412) 
605,916 

In case of credit card and overdraft loans interest charged during the  moratoria period should be refunded to 
the debtors in amount determined as a difference between the charged interest and a premoratoria personal loan 
interest  at  11,99%.  The  Bank  has  managed  this  government  measure  as  loan  agreement  modification  in  the 
financial statements. 

Gross carrying amount before modification 
Modification loss due to covid moratoria 
Gross carrying amount after modification 
Loss allowance before modification 
Net amortised cost after modification 

Modification due to prolongation of deadline of covid moratoria till 30 June 2022 

Gross carrying amount before modification 
Modification loss due to covid moratoria 
Gross carrying amount after modification 
Loss allowance before modification 
Net amortised cost after modification 

57,892 
(1,983) 
55,909 
(9,234) 
46,675 

82,438 
(1,614) 
80,824 
(23,516) 
57,308 

On 24 December 2021 new regulation was issued on fixing of retail loan product’s interest, under that interest 
rates of mortgage loans with variable interest shall be fixed at reference rates of 27 October 2021, predictably 
till 30 June 2022. 

Gross carrying amount before modification 
Modification loss due to covid moratoria 
Gross carrying amount after modification 
Loss allowance before modification 
Net amortised cost after modification 

67,108 
(703) 
66,405 
(1,625) 
64,780 

36 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 5: 

CASH,  AMOUNTS  DUE  FROM  BANKS  AND  BALANCES  WITH  THE  NATIONAL 
BANK OF HUNGARY (in HUF mn) 

Cash on hand: 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Amounts due from banks and balances with National Bank of Hungary: 

Within one year: 

In HUF 

In foreign currency 

Loss allowance 

Subtotal 

Average amount of compulsory reserve 

Total 

Rate of the compulsory reserve 

2021 

2020  

82,839 
21,182 
104,021 

81,512 

289,596 
371,108 

107,523 
18,899 
126,422 

204,942 

247,756 
452,698 

(185) 

- 

474,944 

579,120 

99,303 

76,033 

375,641 

503,087 

1% 

1% 

The  Bank  shall  deposit  compulsory  reserve  in  a  determined  percent  of  its  liabilities  at  NBH.  Liabilities 
considered in compulsory reserve calculation are as follows: 

a)  deposits and loans, 
b)  debt instruments, 
c) 
repo transactions. 

The amount of the compulsory reserve is the multiplication of the daily average of the  liabilities considered in 
the compulsory reserve calculation and compulsory reserve rate, which are determined by the NBH in a specific 
decree. The Bank is required to complete compulsory reserve requirements in average in the second month after 
the reserve calculation period, requirements shall be completed once a month on the last calendar day. The Bank 
complies  with  the  compulsory  reserve  requirements  by  the  deposit  of  the  adequate  amount  of  cash  as  the 
calculated compulsory reserve on the bank account at NBH in monthly average. 

An analysis of the change in the loss allowance on placement losses is as follows: 

2021 

2020  

Balance as at 1 January 
Loss allowance 
Closing balance 

- 
185 
185 

- 
- 
- 

37 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 6: 

PLACEMENTS WITH OTHER BANKS, NET OF ALLOWANCE FOR PLACEMENT 
LOSSES (in HUF mn) 

Within one year: 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Total placements 

Loss allowance on placement losses 

Total 

An analysis of the change in the loss allowance on placement losses is as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Loss allowance 
Release of loss allowance 
Use of loss allowance 
FX movement 
Closing balance 

2021 

2020  

1,388,709 
372,361 
1,761,070 

747,871 
65,761 
813,632 

905,241 
329,633 
1,234,874 

267,291 
39,538 
306,829 

2,574,702 

1,541,703 

(7,490) 

(5,819) 

2,567,212 

1,535,884 

2021 

2020  

5,819 
20,524 
(18,911) 
(2) 
60 
7,490 

3,592 
12,548 
(10,497) 
- 
176 
5,819 

Interest conditions of placements with other banks (%): 

Placements with other banks in HUF 
Placements with other banks in foreign currency 
Average interest of placements with other banks 

2021 

2020  

0% - 5.9% 
(0.59%) - 29% 
1.63% 

0% - 3.84% 
(0.76%) - 29% 
0.78% 

38 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 7: 

REPO RECEIVABLES (in HUF mn) 

Within one year: 
In HUF 

Total gross amount 

Loss allowance on repo receivables 

Total repo receivables 

An analysis of the change in the loss allowance on repo receivables is as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Loss allowance 
Release of loss allowance 
Closing balance 

Interest conditions of repo receivables (%): 

Repo receivables in HUF 
Average interest of repo receivables 

2021 

2020  

33,710 

33,710 

183,656 

183,656 

33,710 

183,656 

(72) 

(292) 

33,638 

183,364 

2021 

2020  

292 
449 
(669) 
72 

6 
362 
(76) 
292 

2021 

2020  

2%-3.2% 
0.29% 

(0.1%) - 0.9% 
0.09% 

39 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 8: 

FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS (in HUF mn) 

2021 

2020  

Held for trading securities: 
Government bonds 
Other non-interest bearing securities 
Hungarian government discounted Treasury Bills 
Corporate shares and investments 
Mortgage bonds 
Other securities 

Subtotal 

Securities mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss 

Shares in investment funds 
Bonds 
Shares 

Subtotal 

Held for trading derivative financial instruments: 

Foreign currency swaps 
Interest rate swaps 
CCIRS and mark-to-market CCIRS  swaps 
Other derivative transactions 

Subtotal 

Total 

30,827 
1,134 
869 
599 
116 
2,088 
35,633 

25,126 
- 
2,935 
28,061 

38,811 
59,097 
11,649 
73,211 
182,768 

6,031 
1,964 
1,233 
426 
- 
2,075 
11,729 

23,818 
5,342 
2,776 
31,936 

41,852 
34,256 
7,359 
33,351 
116,818 

246,462 

160,483 

Interest conditions and the remaining maturities of securities held for trading are as follows: 

Within one year: 

variable interest 
fixed interest 

Over one year: 

variable interest 
fixed interest 

Non-interest bearing securities 

Total 

Securities held for trading denominated in HUF  
Securities held for trading denominated in foreign currency  

Securities held for trading total 

Government bonds denominated in HUF  
Government bonds denominated in foreign currency  

Government securities total 

2021 

111 
4,163 
4,274 

1,544 
28,083 
29,627 

1,732 

2020  

78 
2,319 
2,397 

1,355 
5,587 
6,942 

2,390 

35,633 

11,729 

81% 
19% 
100% 

83% 
17% 
100% 

71% 
29% 
100% 

68% 
32% 
100% 

Interest rates on securities held for trading in HUF 
Interest rates on securities held for trading in foreign currency 
Average interest on securities held for trading  

0%-6.75% 
0%-5.75% 
1.17% 

0.5%-6.75% 
0.5%-6.375% 
0.63% 

40 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 8: 

FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS (in HUF mn) 
[continued] 

Interest conditions and the remaining maturities of securities mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or 
loss are as follows: 

Within one year: 
variable interest 

Over one year: 
variable interest 

Non-interest bearing securities 

Total 

Securities mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss 

denominated in HUF  

Securities mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss 

denominated in foreign currency  

Securities mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss 
total 

Interest rates on securities mandatorily measured at fair value through profit 
or loss 
Average interest on securities mandatorily measured at fair value through 
profit or loss 

2021 

2020  

- 

- 

28 

5,314 

28,061 

26,594 

28,061 

31,936 

67% 

33% 

58% 

42% 

100% 

100% 

- 

- 

2.49% 

2.49% 

NOTE 9: 

SECURITIES  AT  FAIR  VALUE  THROUGH  OTHER  COMPREHENSIVE  INCOME 
(in HUF mn) 

2021 

2020  

Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 
Government bonds 
Mortgage bonds 
Interest bearing treasury bills 
Other securities 
listed securities 
      in HUF 
      in foreign currency 
   -non-listed securities 
      in HUF 
      in foreign currency 
Subtotal 

Non-trading equity instruments 
   -non-listed securities 
      in HUF 
      in foreign currency 

278,876 
217,941 
63,115 
64,870 
43,759 
2,896 
40,863 
21,111 
15,487 
5,624 
624,802 

17,137 
528 
16,609 
17,137 

488,459 
332,667 
9,957 
65,136 
42,776 
2,968 
39,808 
22,360 
16,782 
5,578 
896,219 

15,731 
528 
15,203 
15,731 

Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income total 

641,939 

911,950 

41 

 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 9: 

SECURITIES  AT  FAIR  VALUE  THROUGH  OTHER  COMPREHENSIVE  INCOME 
(in HUF mn) [continued] 

Detailed  information  of  the  non-trading  equity  instruments  to  be  measured  at  fair  value  through  other 
comprehensive income: 

Name 

Garantiqa 
Hage / Közvil / Pénzügykut 
OBS 
VISA A Preferred 

Currency 
HUF 
HUF 
EUR 
USD 

2021 
392 
136 
13,221 
3,388 

2020  
392 
136 
12,081 
3,122 

Interest conditions and the remaining maturities of FVOCI securities can be analysed as follows: 

Within one year: 

variable interest 
fixed interest 

Over one year: 

variable interest 
fixed interest 

Non-interest bearing securities 

Total 

FVOCI securities denominated in HUF  
FVOCI securities denominated in foreign currency  

FVOCI securities total 

2021 

2020  

1,089 
66,970 
68,059 

71,344 
485,398 
556,742 

3,779 
123,481 
127,260 

101,555 
667,404 
768,959 

17,138 

15,731 

641,939 

911,950 

73% 
27% 
100% 

83% 
17% 
100% 

Interest rates on FVOCI securities denominated in HUF  
Interest rates on FVOCI securities denominated in foreign currency  

1.25%-11% 

0.5%-11% 
0%-16%  0.625%-7.25% 

Average interest on FVOCI securities 

2.85% 

2.17% 

Certain fixed-rate mortgage bonds and other securities are hedged against interest rate risk. (See Note 45.4.) 

Net gain / (loss) reclassified from other comprehensive income to statement 
of profit or loss 
Fair value of the hedged securities: 

Government bonds 

2021 

2020  

(26,440) 

(2,008) 

201,530 
201,530 

399,441 
399,441 

During the year ended 31 December 2021 and 2020 the Bank didn’t sell any of equity instruments designated to 
measure at fair value through other comprehensive income. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 10: 

SECURITIES AT AMORTISED COST (in HUF mn) 

Government bonds 
Other bonds 
Mortgage bonds 
Subtotal 

Loss allowance 

Total 

2021 

2020  

2,863,259 
190,155 
24,309 
3,077,723 

1,947,821 
63,159 
- 
2,010,980 

(6,685) 

(3,288) 

3,071,038 

2,007,692 

Interest conditions and the remaining maturities of securities at amortised cost can be analysed as follows: 
2020  

2021 

Within one year: 

variable interest 
fixed interest 

Over one year: 

variable interest 
fixed interest 

Total 

8,101 
305,694 
313,795 

5,122 
2,758,806 
2,763,928 

- 
57,746 
57,746 

- 
1,953,234 
1,953,234 

3,077,723 

2,010,980 

The distribution of the securities at amortised cost by currency (%): 

Securities at amortised cost denominated in HUF  

Securities at amortised cost denominated in foreign currency  
Securities at amortised cost total 
Interest rates on securities at amortised cost 
Average interest on securities at amortised cost denominated in HUF 

2021 
83% 

17% 
100% 
0.1%-12.75% 
2.84% 

2020  
99% 

1% 
100% 
0.5%-7% 
2.42% 

An analysis of change in the loss allowance on securities at amortised cost: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Reclassification 
Balance as at 1 January 
Loss allowance 
Release of loss allowance 
FX movement 
Closing balance 

2021 

2020  

3,288 
1,281 
4,569 
4,404 
(2,370) 
82 
6,685 

1,443 
- 
1,443 
4,820 
(2,977) 
2 
3,288 

43 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 11: 

LOANS (in HUF mn) 

Loans measured at fair value through profit or loss 

Within one year 
Over one year 

2021 

2020  

32,091 
629,921 

25,732 
455,205 

Loans measured at fair value through profit or loss total 

662,012 

480,937 

Loans measured at fair value through profit or loss are mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss. 

Loans measured at amortised cost, net of allowance for loan losses 

Within one year 

Over one year 

Loans at amortised cost gross total 

2021 

2020  

2,125,908 

2,062,114 

4,188,022 

1,793,352 

1,748,078 

3,541,430 

Loss allowance on loan losses 

(155,557) 

(123,670) 

Loans at amortised cost total 

4,032,465 

3,417,760 

An analysis of the loan portfolio by currency (%): 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 
Total 

2021 

62% 
38% 
100% 

2020  

61% 
39% 
100% 

Interest rates of the loan portfolio mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss are as follows (%): 

Loans denominated in HUF 
Average interest on loans denominated in HUF 

2021 

2020  

1.5% - 9.85% 
4.56% 

1.5% - 9.85% 
4.20% 

Interest rates of the loan portfolio measured at amortised cost are as follows (%): 

Loans denominated in HUF 
Loans denominated in foreign currency 

2021 

2020  

0%-37.5% 
(0.59%)-13% 

0%-37.5% 
(0.50%)-13% 

Average interest on loans denominated in HUF 
Average interest on loans denominated in foreign currency 

6.64% 
1.48% 

6.41% 
2.24% 

44 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 11: 

LOANS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

For an analysis of the loan portfolio by type please see Note 36.1. 

An analysis of the change in the loss allowance on loans at amortised cost is as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Reclassification 
Balance as at 1 January 
Loss allowance 
Release of loss allowance 
Use of loss allowance 
Partial write-off 
FX movement 
Closing balance 

2021 

2020  

123,670 
(1,281) 
122,389 
221,084 
(180,291) 
(6,951) 
(1,733) 
1,059 
155,557 

72,066 
- 
72,066 
213,618 
(156,383) 
(6,228) 
(2,797) 
3,394 
123,670 

The Bank sells non-performing loans without recourse at estimated fair value to a wholly owned subsidiary, OTP 
Factoring Ltd. 

45 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 12: 

INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES, ASSOCIATES, JOINT VENTURES AND 
OTHER INVESTMENTS (in HUF mn) 

Investments in subsidiaries: 
Controlling interest 
Other 

Subtotal 

Impairment loss 

Total 

2021 

2020  

2,006,178 
16,086 
2,022,264 

1,965,197 
8,938 
1,974,135 

(449,256) 

(425,163) 

1,573,008 

1,548,972 

Other investments contain certain securities accounted at cost. These instruments do not have a quoted market 
price in an active market and whose fair value cannot be reliably measured. 

Significant subsidiaries 

Investments in companies in which the Bank has a controlling interest (direct) are detailed below. All companies 
are incorporated in Hungary unless indicated otherwise: 

2021 

2020  

% Held 
(direct/indirect) 

Gross book 
value 

% Held 
(direct/indirect) 

Gross book 
value 

OTP Bank JSC (Ukraine) 
DSK Bank EAD (Bulgaria) 
OTP banka Srbija akcionarsko drustvo Novi 

Sad (Serbia) 

OTP banka Hrvatska d.d. (Croatia) 
OTP Bank Romania S.A. (Romania) 
OTP Mortgage Bank Ltd. 
SKB Banka d.d. Ljubljana (Slovenia) 
JSC "OTP Bank" (Russia) 
Crnogorska komercijalna banka a.d. 

(Montenegro) 

LLC Alliance Reserve (Russia) 
Air-Invest Llc. 
OTP Holding Malta Ltd. 

Balansz Private Open-end Investment Fund 

Bank Center No. 1. Ltd. 
OTP Factoring Ltd. 
OTP banka Srbija a.d. (Serbia) 
Other 

Total 

100% 
100% 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100.00% 
98% 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

100% 
100% 
100% 
- 

311,390 
280,692 

262,759 
205,349 
167,764 
154,294 
107,689 
74,337 

72,784 
50,074 
39,248 
32,359 

29,150 
26,063 
25,411 
- 
  166,815 
2,006,178 

100% 
100% 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
98% 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

311,390 
280,692 

131,164 
205,349 
133,987 
154,294 
107,689 
74,335 

72,784 
50,074 
36,748 
32,359 

29,150 
26,063 
25,411 
127,140 

166,568 

1,965,197 

46 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 12: 

INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES, ASSOCIATES, JOINT VENTURES AND  
OTHER INVESTMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

An analysis of the change in the impairment loss is as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Impairment loss for the period 
Reversal of impairment loss 
Use of impairment loss 
Closing balance 

2021 

2020  

425,163 
59,132 
(31,712) 
(3,327) 
449,256 

427,770 
10,052 
(10) 
(12,649) 
425,163 

The Bank decided that the recoverable amount is determined based on fair value less cost of disposal. The Bank 
prepared impairment tests of the subsidiaries based on two different net present value calculation methods that 
show the same result; however they represent different economical logics. On one hand is the discount cash flow 
method  (“DCF”)  that  calculates  the  value  of  the  subsidiaries  by  discounting  their  expected  cash  flow;  on  the 
other  hand  the  economic value  added  (“EVA”)  method  estimates  the  value of  the  subsidiaries  from  the  initial 
invested capital and the present value of the economic profit that the companies are expected to generate in the 
future.  Applying  the  EVA  method  was  more  practically  than  DCF  method  because  it  gives  a  more  realistic 
picture about how the explicit period and the residual value can contribute to the value of the company. 

The Bank, in its strategic plan, has taken into consideration the effects of the present global economic situation, 
the  cautious  recovery  of  economic  situation  and  outlook,  the  associated  risks  and  their  possible  effect  on  the 
financial sector as well as the current and expected availability of wholesale funding. 

An analysis of the impairment loss by significant subsidiaries is as follows: 

OTP Bank JSC (Ukraine) 
OTP Bank Romania S.A. (Romania) 
OTP Mortgage Bank Ltd. 
OTP banka Srbija a.d. (Serbia) 
OTP Life Annuity Ltd. 
Air-Invest Ltd. 
Monicomp Ltd. 
Crnogorska komercijalna banka a.d. (Montenegro) 
Balansz Private Open-end Investment Fund 
OTP Real Estate Ltd. 
R.E. Four d.o.o. (Serbia) 
OTP Buildings s.r.o (Romania) 
Total 

2021 
207,397 
77,962 
65,096 
43,477 
10,969 
10,491 
8,632 
6,697 
5,566 
5,557 
3,763 
- 
445,607 

2020  
207,397 
38,416 
65,096 
53,383 
10,969 
10,491 
- 
23,324 
- 
5,557 
3,763 
3,327 
421,723 

Dividend  income  from  significant  subsidiaries  and  shares  held-for-trading  and  shares  measured  at  fair 
value through other comprehensive income is as follows: 

OTP Factoring Ltd. 
OTP Bank JSC (Ukraine) 
OTP banka dioničko društvo (Croatia) 
Inga Kettő Llc. 
OTP Holding Malta Ltd. 
OTP Real Estate Investment Fund Management Ltd. 
Monicomp Ltd. 
Other 
Subtotal 
Dividend from shares held-for-trading 
Dividend from shares fair value through other comprehensive income 
Total 

2021 
44,000 
12,853 
12,244 
11,000 
5,531 
3,500 
1,173 
4,741 
95,042 
3,844 
151 
99,037 

2020  
45,463 
- 
- 
- 
4,823 
4,000 
3,800 
2,827 
60,913 
8 
52 
60,973 

47 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 12: 

INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES, ASSOCIATES, JOINT VENTURES AND  
OTHER INVESTMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Significant associates and joint ventures 

The main figures of the Bank’s indirectly owned associates and joint ventures at cost1: 

Carrying 
amount 

Ownership 
of OTP 
Bank 

Profit after 
tax 

Country / 
Headquarter 

Activity 

As at 31 December 2021 

List of associated entities  

OTP Kockázati Fund I. 
OTP-DayOne Magvető Fund 
D-ÉG Thermoset Ltd. 'u.l.' 
Company for Cash Services AD  
Edrone spółka z ograniczoną 

 odpowiedzialnością 
Graboplast Closed Co. Plc. 
NovaKid Inc. 
Banzai Cloud Closed Co. Plc. 
ClodeCool Ltd. 
Pepita.hu Closed Co. Plc. 
Seon Holdings Ltd. 
Starschema Ltd. 
VCC Live Group Closed Co. Plc. 
Virtual Solutaion Ltd. 
Yieldigo s.r.o. 
Szallas.hu Closed Co. Plc.2 
Cursor Insight LTD 
Fabetker Ltd. 
OneSoil Ag. 
Packhelp Spółka Akcyjna 

526 
288 
- 
392 

779 
700 
2,006 
374 
1,770 
516 
4,756 
3,944 
1,672 
- 
76 
8,809 
146 
1 
318 
2,160 

44.12% 
22.00% 
46.99% 
25.00% 

17.34% 
7.00% 
4.17% 
17.42% 
20.15% 
34.00% 
23.86% 
36.19% 
49.56% 
8.33% 
1.97% 
51.19% 
6.75% 
20.48% 
3.72% 
1.00% 

21.69% 
21.69% 
14.54% 

(52)  Hungary /Budapest 
13  Hungary /Budapest 

Trusts, funds and similar financial entities 
Trusts, funds and similar financial entities 
-  Hungary / Dunaújváros  Wholesale of hardware, plumbing and heating equipment and supplies 

(183)  Bulgaria / Sofia 

Other financial service activities, exc. insurance and pension funding 

(293)  Poland / Krakow 
n.a.  Hungary / Győr 
(4,621)  USA / San Francisco 
n.a.  Hungary /Budapest 
1  Hungary /Budapest 
(132)  Hungary / Szeghalom 

Computer programming activities 
Manufacture of builders’ ware of plastic 
Online kids English learning platform operator  
Computer programming activities 
Other education n.e.c. 
Retail sale via mail order houses or via Internet 
Computer programming activities 
Computer consultancy activities 
Computer programming activities 
Computer programming activities 
(168)  Czech Republic/Prague  Computer programming activities 
1,278  Hungary / Miskolc 
(247)  UK / London 

(4)  UK / London 
n.a.  Hungary /Budapest 
(203)  Hungary /Budapest 
n.a.  Hungary /Budapest 

132  Hungary / Nádudvar 
(1,058)  Switzerland / Zurich 
(3,038)  Poland / Warsaw 

Web portals 
Computer programming activities 
Manufacture of concrete products for construction purposes 
Computer programming activities 
Manufacture of corrugated paper and paperboard 
 and of containers of paper and paperboard 

PHOENIX PLAY Invest closed Co. Plc. 
ALGORITHMIQ Invest Closed Co. Plc. 
NGY Propertiers Investment SRL 

3,081 
8,996 
12,331 

(1)  Hungary /Budapest 
792  Hungary /Budapest 

(22,567)  Romania / Bucharest 

Activities of holding companies 
Activities of holding companies 
Renting and operating of own or leased real estate 

1 Based on unaudited financial statements. 
2 The Group does not control the entity even though it holds more than half of the voting rights. 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 12: 

INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES, ASSOCIATES, JOINT VENTURES AND  
OTHER INVESTMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Significant associates and joint ventures [continued] 

As at 31 December 2020 

List of associated entities  

OTP Kockázati Fund I. 
OTP-DayOne Magvető Fund 
D-ÉG Thermoset Ltd. 'u.l.' 
Company for Cash Services AD  

Edrone spółka z ograniczoną 

 odpowiedzialnością 
Graboplasr Closed Co. Plc. 
NovaKid Inc. 
Banzai Cloud Closed Co. Plc. 
ClodeCool Ltd. 
Pepita.hu Closed Co. Plc. 
Seon Holdings Ltd. 

Starschema Ltd. 

Tresorit S.A. 

VCC Live Group Closed Co. Plc. 
Virtual Solutaion Ltd. 
Yieldigo s.r.o. 
Szallas.hu Closed Co. Plc.1 

Carrying 
amount 

Ownership 
of OTP 
Bank 

Profit after 
tax 

Country / Headquarter 

Activity 

531 
674 
- 
392 

497 
711 
497 
1,008 
1,797 
575 
378 

1,310 

1,501 
1,599 

72 

79 
7,456 

44.12% 
22.00% 
46.99% 
25.00% 

17.34% 
7.00% 
4.17% 
17.42% 
20.15% 
34.00% 
23.86% 

36.19% 

7.77% 

49.56% 
8.33% 
1.97% 
51.19% 

(2)  Hungary /Budapest 
(37)  Hungary /Budapest 

-  Hungary / Dunaújváros 

(254)  Bulgaria / Sofia 

Trusts, funds and similar financial entities 
Trusts, funds and similar financial entities 
Wholesale of hardware, plumbing and heating equipment and supplies 
Other financial service activities,  

except insurance and pension funding n.e.c. 

(79)  Poland / Krakow 
(1,349)  Hungary / Győr 

(398)  USA / San Francisco 

13,430  Hungary /Budapest 
132  Hungary /Budapest 

3  Hungary / Szeghalom 
37  UK / London 

Computer programming activities 
Manufacture of builders’ ware of plastic 
Online kids English learning platform operator  
Computer programming activities 
 Other education n.e.c. 
Retail sale via mail order houses or via Internet 
Computer programming activities 

454  Hungary /Budapest 

Computer consultancy activities 

232  Luxembourg/Luxembourg  Activities of holding companies 

(58)  Hungary /Budapest 
(86)  Hungary /Budapest 
103  Czech Republic / Prague 
595  Hungary / Miskolc 

Computer programming activities 
Computer programming activities 
Computer programming activities 
Web portals 

1 The Group does not control the entity even though it holds more than half of the voting rights. 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 12: 

INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES, ASSOCIATES, JOINT VENTURES AND  
OTHER INVESTMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Significant event related to investments 

The  Romanian  Court  of  Registration  registered  a  capital  increase  at  OTP  Bank  Romania  SA,  the  Romanian 
subsidiary  of  OTP  Bank.  Accordingly,  the  registered  capital  of  the  Romanian  subsidiary  of  OTP  Bank  was 
increased to RON 2,079,253,200 from RON 1,829,253,120. 

TP Bank signed a share sale and purchase agreement on purchasing 100% shareholding of Nova KBM d.d. and 
its subsidiaries, which are 80% owned by funds managed by affiliates of Apollo Global Management, Inc. and 
20% by EBRD. With a market share of 20.5% by total assets as of December 2020, Nova KBM d.d. is the 2nd 
largest  bank  in  the  Slovenian  banking  market  and  as  a  universal  bank  it  has  been  active  in  the  retail  and 
corporate segments as well. 

Serbian  Court  of  Registration  registered  a  capital  increase  at  OTP  banka  Srbija  a.d.  Novi  Sad,  the  Serbian 
subsidiary  of  OTP  Bank.  Accordingly,  the  registered  capital  of  the  Serbian  subsidiary  of  OTP  Bank  was 
increased to RSD 56,830,752,260 from RSD 55,330,780,140. 

OTP Bank signed a non-binding Memorandum of Agreement regarding the potential acquisition of the majority 
stake of Ipoteka Bank and its subsidiaries with the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Ipoteka 
Bank is the fifth largest bank in Uzbekistan, with a market share of 8.5% based on total assets at the end of July 
2021, with more than 1.2 million retail customers and a large corporate clientele. 

OTP  Bank  signed  an  acquisition  agreement  with  Alpha  International  Holdings  Single  Member  S.A.  on 
purchasing  100%  shareholding  of  Alpha  Bank  SH.A.,  the  Albanian  subsidiary  of  the  Greek  Alpha  Bank  S.A. 
The purchase price has been agreed at Euro 55 million. 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 13: 

PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (in HUF mn) 

For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Intangible assets 

Property 

Office equipment 
and vehicles 

Vehicles 

Construction in 
progress 

Right of use 
assets 

Total 

Cost 

Balance as at 1 January 
Additions 
Disposals 
Balance as at 31 December 

Depreciation and Amortization 

Balance as at 1 January 
Charge for the year 
Disposals 
Balance as at 31 December 

Net book value 

Balance as at 1 January 
Balance as at 31 December 

164,875 
52,130 
(28,152) 
188,853 

107,236 
23,032 
(3,576) 
126,692 

72,277 
4,074 
(1,845) 
74,506 

25,789 
3,284 
(757) 
28,316 

93,878 
13,434 
(3,843) 
103,469 

71,899 
9,190 
(3,685) 
77,404 

57,639 
62,161 

46,488 
46,190 

21,979 
26,065 

160 
87 
(48) 
199 

74 
25 
(37) 
62 

86 
137 

9,421 
20,394 
(20,390) 
9,425 

- 
- 
- 
- 

22,443 
8,675 
- 
31,118 

8,964 
5,161 
(238) 
13,887 

363,054 
98,794 
(54,278) 
407,570 

213,962 
40,692 
(8,293) 
246,361 

9,421 
9,425 

13,479 
17,231 

149,092 
161,209 

51 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 13: 

PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Intangible assets 

Property 

Office equipment 
and vehicles 

Vehicles 

Construction in 
progress 

Right of use 
assets 

Total 

Cost 

Balance as at 1 January 
Additions 
Disposals 
Balance as at 31 December 

Depreciation and Amortization 

Balance as at 1 January 
Charge for the year 
Disposals 
Balance as at 31 December 

Net book value 

Balance as at 1 January 
Balance as at 31 December 

139,026 
54,651 
(28,802) 
164,875 

85,744 
21,492 
- 
107,236 

69,380 
3,858 
(961) 
72,277 

22,948 
3,192 
(351) 
25,789 

87,235 
10,766 
(4,123) 
93,878 

66,506 
9,495 
(4,102) 
71,899 

53,282 
57,639 

46,432 
46,488 

20,729 
21,979 

126 
35 
(1) 
160 

56 
19 
(1) 
74 

70 
86 

10,523 
13,556 
(14,658) 
9,421 

17,827 
4,764 
(148) 
22,443 

324,117 
87,630 
(48,693) 
363,054 

- 
- 
- 
- 

4,220 
4,750 
(6) 
8,964 

179,474 
38,948 
(4,460) 
213,962 

10,523 
9,421 

13,607 
13,479 

144,643 
149,092 

The Bank has no intangible assets with indefinite useful life. 

52 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 14: 

INVESTMENT PROPERTIES (in HUF mn) 

For the year ended 31 December 2021 and 2020, respectively 

Cost 

Balance as at 1 January 

Additions result from subsequent expenditure 
Disposals 
Balance as at 31 December 

Depreciation and Amortization 

Balance as at 1 January 
Charge for the period 
Disposals 
Balance as at 31 December 

Net book value 

Balance as at 1 January 
Balance as at 31 December 

2021 

2020  

2,577 

3,061 

2,640 
(204) 
5,013 

38 
(522) 
2,577 

641 
92 
(48) 
685 

680 
51 
(90) 
641 

1,936 
4,328 

2,381 
1,936 

According  to  the  opinion of  the  Management  there  is  no  significant  difference between  the  fair  value  and  the 
carrying value of these properties. 

Income and Expenses 
Rental income 
Depreciation 

2021 
6 
92 

2020  
6 
49 

NOTE 15: 

FAIR  VALUE  OF  DERIVATIVE  FINANCIAL  ASSETS  DESIGNATED  AS  HEDGE 
ACCOUNTING (in HUF mn) 

Positive fair value of derivative financial assets designated as hedge accounting: 

Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedge 
CCIRS designated as fair value hedge 
Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedge 
Total 

2021 

2020  

13,276 
5,471 
(1,020) 
17,727 

637 
6,180 
- 
6,817 

53 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 16: 

OTHER ASSETS1 (in HUF mn) 

Other financial assets 
Receivables from OTP Employee Stock Ownership Program (OTP ESOP) 
Prepayments and accrued income 
Receivables from investment services 
Stock exchange deposit 
Trade receivables 
Receivables from card operations 
Accrued day one gain of loans provided at below-market interest 
Receivables from suppliers 
Other 

Loss allowance 
Other financial assets total 
Other non-financial assets 
Prepayments and accrued income 
Receivable related to Hungarian Government subsidies 
Other 

Provision for impairment on other assets 
Other non-financial assets total 

2021 

2020  

84,304 
16,391 
16,074 
11,643 
10,519 
10,423 
- 
5,812 
3,729 
158,895 
(5,148) 
153,747 

44,411 
14,281 
12,563 
71,255 
(514) 
70,741 

53,338 
14,721 
9,472 
9,667 
9,731 
8,453 
14,465 
5,885 
9,375 
135,107 
(7,928) 
127,179 

17,732 
10,622 
14,743 
43,097 
(482) 
42,615 

Total 

224,488 

169,794 

An analysis of the movement in the loss allowance on other financial assets is as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Charge for the period  
Release of loss allowance 
Use of loss allowance 
FX movement 
Balance as at 31 December  

2021 

2020  

7,928 
3,888 
(5,972) 
(707) 
11 
5,148 

5,646 
6,663 
(3,971) 
(537) 
127 
7,928 

An analysis of the movement in the loss allowance on other non-financial assets is as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Charge for the period  
Release of provision 
FX movement 
Balance as at 31 December  

2021 

2020  

482 
86 
(74) 
20 
514 

464 
81 
(67) 
4 
482 

1 Other assets are expected to be recovered or settled no more than twelve months after the reporting period. 

54 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 17: 

AMOUNTS  DUE  TO  BANKS  AND  DEPOSITS  FROM  THE  NATIONAL  BANK  OF 
HUNGARY AND OTHER BANKS (in HUF mn) 

Within one year: 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year: 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Subtotal 

Total 

2021 

2020  

354,647 
81,550 
436,197 

588,161 
26,845 
615,006 
1,051,203 

172,799 
41,643 
214,442 

457,882 
94,653 
552,535 
766,977 

1,051,203 

766,977 

Interest rates on amounts due to banks and deposits from the NBH and other banks are as follows (%): 

Within one year: 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year: 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

2021 

2020  

(2.4%) - 4.5% 
(2.4%) - 8.5% 

0%-20% 
(0.56%)-0.26% 

(2.4%) - 1.3% 
(2.4%) - 1.5% 

(2.4%)-1.43% 
2.4%)-4.84% 

Average interest on amounts due to banks in HUF 
Average interest on amounts due to banks in foreign currency 

1.26% 
1.14% 

0.72% 
1.42% 

NOTE 18: 

REPO LIABILITIES (in HUF mn) 

Within one year: 
In HUF 

Over one year: 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Subtotal 

Total 

Interest rates on repo liabilities are as follows (%): 

Within one year: 
In HUF 

Over one year: 

In foreign currency 

Average interest on repo liabilities in HUF 
Average interest on repo liabilities in foreign currency 

2021 

2020  

49,726 
49,726 

- 
36,854 
36,854 
86,580 

- 
- 

73 
109,539 
109,612 
109,612 

86,580 

109,612 

2021 

2020  

1.5% - 2.8% 

- 

(0.35%) 

0.63%-3.85% 

11.67% 
0.67% 

1.21% 
1.05% 

55 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 19: 

DEPOSITS FROM CUSTOMERS (in HUF mn) 

Within one year: 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year: 
In HUF 

Subtotal 

Interest rates on deposits from customers are as follows (%): 

Within one year in HUF 
Over one year in HUF 
In foreign currency 

2021 

2020  

7,823,118 
2,079,643 
9,902,761 

45,771 
45,771 

6,412,897 
1,438,255 
7,851,152 

44,583 
44,583 

9,948,532 

7,895,735 

2021 
(2.48%)-7.96% 
0.01%-2.4% 
(0.6%)-17.2% 

2020  
(4.58%)-7.96% 
0.01%-0.4% 
(0.58%)-15.5% 

Average interest on deposits from customers in HUF 
Average interest on deposits from customers in foreign currency 

0.16% 
0.01% 

(0.07%) 
(0.04%) 

An analysis of deposits from customers by type, not including accrued interest, is as follows: 

Retail deposits 

Household deposits 

Corporate deposits 

Deposits to medium and large corporates 
Municipality deposits 

Total 

2021 

2020  

4,475,933 
4,475,933 
5,472,599 
4,639,198 
833,401 

45% 
45% 
55% 
47% 
8% 
9,948,532  100% 

3,840,950 
3,840,950 
4,054,785 
3,301,434 
753,351 

49% 
49% 
51% 
42% 
10% 
7,895,735  100% 

NOTE 20: 

LIABILITIES FROM ISSUED SECURITIES (in HUF mn) 

Within one year: 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year: 
In HUF 

Total 

Interest rates on liabilities from issued securities are as follows (%): 

Issued securities denominated in HUF 
Issued securities denominated in foreign currency 

2021 

2020  

12,048 
- 
12,048 

10,105 
10,105 

11,115 
1,356 
12,471 

15,964 
15,964 

22,153 

28,435 

2021 
0%-1.7% 
- 

2020  
0%-1.7% 
0.01%-1.11% 

Average interest on issued securities denominated in HUF 
Average interest on issued securities denominated in foreign currency 

4.9% 
- 

1.03% 
1.12% 

56 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 20: 

LIABILITIES FROM ISSUED SECURITIES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Term Note Program in the value of HUF 200 billion for the year of 2021/2022 

On  28  May  2021  the  Bank  initiated  term note  program  in  the  value  of  HUF 200  billion  with  the  intention  of 
issuing registered dematerialized bonds in public. The NBH approved on 8 July 2021 the prospectus of Term 
Note Program. The prospectus is valid for 12 months following the disclosure.  

The  Issuer  can  initiate  to  introduce  the  bonds  issued  under  the  program  to  the  Hungarian  and  to  other  stock 
exchanges without any obligations. 

Term Note Program in the value of HUF 200 billion for the year of 2020/2021 

On 21 April 2020 the Bank initiated term note program in the value of HUF 200 billion  with the intention of 
issuing registered dematerialized bonds in public. The NBH approved on 9 July 2020 the prospectus of Term 
Note  Program  and  the  disclosure  as  at  10  July  2020.  The  prospectus  is  valid  for  12  months  following  the 
disclosure.  

The  Issuer  can  initiate  to  introduce  the  bonds  issued  under  the  program  to  the  Hungarian  and  to  other  stock 
exchanges without any obligations. 

Hedge accounting 

Certain issued structured securities are hedged by the Bank with interest rate swaps (“IRS”) which exchange the 
fixed and floating interest rate with the interest rate of the securities between the parties at a notional amount that 
equals  the  nominal  amount  of  the hedged  securities.  These  are  considered  as  fair value hedge relationships  as 
they cover the interest rate risk arising from the coupons of the hedged securities. OTP Bank does not intend to 
be exposed to the risk embedded in the structured bonds, consequently as part of interest rate swap transaction 
the structured interest payments are swapped to floating interest rate. This hedging relationship meets all of the 
following hedge effectiveness requirements: 

• 

• 

• 

there is an economic relationship between the hedged item and the hedging instrument 

the effect of credit risk does not dominate the value changes that result from that economic relationship 

the hedge ratio of the hedging relationship is the same as that resulting from the quantity of the hedged 
item  that  the  Bank  actually  hedges  and  the  quantity  of  the  hedging  instrument  that  the Bank  actually 
uses to hedge that quantity of hedged item 

The  cash-flows  of  the  fixed  rate  securities  issued  by  the  Bank  are  exposed  to  the  changes  in  the  HUF/EUR 
foreign exchange rate and the volatility of the quoted interest rates of EUR and HUF. The interest rate risk and 
foreign  exchange  risk  related  to  these  securities  are  hedged  with  EUR  and  HUF  IRS  transactions,  where  the 
fixed  interests  were  swapped  to  payments  linked  to  3  month  HUF  BUBOR  and  EURIBOR,  resulting  in  a 
decrease in the interest rate and foreign exchange exposure of issued securities. 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 20: 

LIABILITIES FROM ISSUED SECURITIES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Issued securities denominated in HUF as at 31 December 2021 

Name 

Date of 
issuance 

Maturity 

Nominal value 
in HUF million 

Amortised cost in HUF 
million 

Interest 
conditions 

Hedged 

1  OTP_DK_22/II 
2  OTPRF2022A 
3  OTP_DK_25/3 
4  OTPRF2022B 
5  OTP_DK_22/I 
6  OTP_DK_23/II 
7  OTPRF2023A 
8  OTPRF2022E 
9  OTP_DK_24/3 
10  OTPRF2022F 
11  OTP_DK_27/II 
12  OTP_DK_23/I 
13  OTP_DK_26/II 
14  OTP_DK_24/II 
15  OTP_DK_28/I 
16  OTP_DK_25/II 
17  OTPX2022B 
18  OTP_DK_24/I 
19  OTP_DK_26/I 
20  OTPX2023A 
21  OTPX2024B 
22  OTP_DK_29/I 
23  OTPRF2022D 
24  OTPX2022C 
25  OTPX2022D 
26  OTPX2024A 
27  OTPX2024C 
28  OTPX2023B 
29  OTPRF2022C 
30  OTPX2022A 
31  OTP_DK_25/I 
32  OTP_DK_27/I 
33  OTP_DK_30/I 

Other 

29/05/2020 
22/03/2012 
31/05/2021 
22/03/2012 
15/12/2018 
29/05/2020 
22/03/2013 
29/10/2012 
31/05/2021 
28/12/2012 
31/05/2021 
15/12/2018 
31/05/2021 
29/05/2020 
31/05/2021 
29/05/2020 
18/07/2012 
30/05/2019 
29/05/2020 
22/03/2013 
10/10/2014 
31/05/2021 
28/06/2012 
29/10/2012 
28/12/2012 
18/06/2014 
15/12/2014 
28/06/2013 
28/06/2012 
22/03/2012 
30/05/2019 
29/05/2020 
31/05/2021 

31/05/2022 
23/03/2022 
31/05/2025 
23/03/2022 
31/05/2022 
31/05/2023 
24/03/2023 
31/10/2022 
31/05/2024 
28/12/2022 
31/05/2027 
31/05/2023 
31/05/2026 
31/05/2024 
31/05/2028 
31/05/2025 
18/07/2022 
31/05/2024 
31/05/2026 
24/03/2023 
16/10/2024 
31/05/2029 
28/06/2022 
28/10/2022 
27/12/2022 
21/06/2024 
20/12/2024 
26/06/2023 
28/06/2022 
23/03/2022 
31/05/2025 
31/05/2027 
31/05/2030 

3,173 
2,321 
1,216 
934 
993 
997 
899 
862 
883 
708 
795 
717 
707 
592 
669 
592 
164 
426 
392 
312 
295 
403 
286 
177 
238 
241 
242 
198 
209 
175 
104 
95 
104 
211 

3,164 
2,513 
1,138 
1,011 
985 
981 
977 
933 
848 
773 
703 
694 
644 
573 
572 
564 
549 
400 
366 
366 
336 
332 
324 
317 
290 
277 
275 
272 
266 
236 
94 
87 
82 
211 

discount 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
discount 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
discount 
discount 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
discount 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
discount 
discount 
discount 
discount 
discount 
discount 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
discount 
discount 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
indexed  0.70  hedged 
discount 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
indexed  1.30  hedged 
indexed  0.60  hedged 
indexed  0.60  hedged 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
indexed 
-  hedged 
discount 
discount 
discount 
indexed 

   Subtotal issued securities in HUF 

   Total 

21,330 

21,330 

22,153 

22,153 

58 

 
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 20: 

LIABILITIES FROM ISSUED SECURITIES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Issued securities denominated in foreign currency as at 31 December 2020 

Name 

Date of 
issuance  Maturity  Currency 

Nominal 
value in FX 
million 

Nominal 
value in 
HUF 
million 

Amortised 
cost in FX 
million 

Amortised 
cost in HUF 
million 

Interest 
conditions 

(in % actual)  hedged 

1 OTP_VK1_21/1 
2 OTP_VK1_21/2 

20/02/2020 
02/04/2020 

20/02/2021 
02/04/2021 

3 OTP_VK1_21/3 
4 OTP_VK1_21/4 

14/05/2020 
18/06/2020 

14/05/2021 
18/06/2021 

USD 
USD 

USD 
USD 

1.39 
1.24 

1.18 
0.74 

414 
370 

351 
221 

1.39 
1.24 

1.18 
0.74 

414  variable  0.01 
370  variable  0.01 

351  variable  0.01 
221  variable  0.01 

  Subtotal issued securities in foreign currency 

4.55 

1,356 

4.55 

1,356   

Issued securities denominated in HUF as at 31 December 2020 

Name 

Date of 
issuance 

Maturity 

Nominal value 
in HUF million 

Amortised cost in HUF 
million 

Interest 
conditions 

Hedged 

1  OTP_DK_21/I 
2  OTP_DK_22/II 
3  OTPRF2021B 
4  OTPRF2021A 
5  OTPRF2022A 
6  OTP_DK_23/II 
7  OTP_DK_22/I 
8  OTPRF2022B 
9  OTPRF2023A 
10  OTPRF2022E 
11  OTP_DK_23/I 
12  OTPRF2022F 
13  OTP_DK_24/II 
14  OTP_DK_25/II 
15  OTPRF2021C 
16  OTPX2022B 
17  OTP_DK_24/I 
18  OTPRF2021D 
19  OTPX2021B 
20  OTP_DK_26/I 
21  OTPX2023A 
22  OTPX2021D 
23  OTPX2022D 
24  OTPX2024B 
25  OTPRF2022D 
26  OTPX2021A 
27  OTPX2024A 
28  OTPX2022C 
29  OTPX2024C 
30  OTPX2023B 
31  OTPX2022A 
32  OTPRF2022C 
33  OTPX2021C 
34  OTP_DK_25/I 
35  OTP_DK_27/I 
36  OTPRF2021E 
37  Other 

15/12/2018 
29/05/2020 
20/10/2011 
05/07/2011 
22/03/2012 
29/05/2020 
15/12/2018 
22/03/2012 
22/03/2013 
29/10/2012 
15/12/2018 
28/12/2012 
29/05/2020 
29/05/2020 
21/12/2011 
18/07/2012 
30/05/2019 
21/12/2011 
17/06/2011 
29/05/2020 
22/03/2013 
21/12/2011 
28/12/2012 
10/10/2014 
28/06/2012 
01/04/2011 
18/06/2014 
29/10/2012 
15/12/2014 
28/06/2013 
22/03/2012 
28/06/2012 
19/09/2011 
30/05/2019 
29/05/2020 
21/12/2011 

31/05/2021 
31/05/2022 
25/10/2021 
13/07/2021 
23/03/2022 
31/05/2023 
31/05/2022 
23/03/2022 
24/03/2023 
31/10/2022 
31/05/2023 
28/12/2022 
31/05/2024 
31/05/2025 
30/12/2021 
18/07/2022 
31/05/2024 
30/12/2021 
21/06/2021 
31/05/2026 
24/03/2023 
27/12/2021 
27/12/2022 
16/10/2024 
28/06/2022 
01/04/2021 
21/06/2024 
28/10/2022 
20/12/2024 
26/06/2023 
23/03/2022 
28/06/2022 
24/09/2021 
31/05/2025 
31/05/2027 
30/12/2021 

3,520 
3,175 
2,894 
2,607 
2,065 
997 
993 
831 
787 
761 
717 
623 
592 
592 
527 
172 
426 
372 
245 
392 
324 
259 
248 
295 
260 
183 
241 
201 
242 
198 
201 
190 
231 
104 
95 
76 
213 

3,501 
3,133 
2,954 
2,807 
1,920 
970 
965 
772 
740 
715 
679 
592 
566 
555 
544 
440 
390 
381 
370 
361 
327 
325 
299 
284 
251 
246 
237 
233 
232 
225 
214 
196 
192 
91 
85 
74 
213 

discount 
discount 
-  hedged 
indexed 
indexed 
-  hedged 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
discount 
discount 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
discount 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
discount 
discount 
-  hedged 
indexed 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
discount 
indexed 
indexed 
discount 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
indexed 
-  hedged 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
indexed  0.70  hedged 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
indexed 
-  hedged 
indexed  1.30  hedged 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
indexed  0.60  hedged 
indexed  0.60  hedged 
indexed 
-  hedged 
indexed  1.70  hedged 
-  hedged 
indexed 
discount 
discount 
indexed 

-  hedged 
-  hedged 

-  hedged 

   Subtotal issued securities in HUF 

   Total 

26,849 

28,205 

27,079 

28,435 

59 

 
 
 
 
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 21: 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES DESIGNATED AS FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR 
LOSS (in HUF mn) 

Within one year: 
In HUF 

Over one year: 

In HUF 

Total 

Contractual amount outstanding 

2021 

1,784 
1,784 

18,349 
18,349 

2020  

2,010 
2,010 

23,892 
23,892 

20,133 

25,902 

21,479 

23,332 

Interest rates on financial liabilities designated as fair value through profit or loss are as follows (%): 

Within one year: 
In HUF 

Over one year: 

In HUF 

2021 

2020  

0.46%-2.46% 

0.51% - 2.5% 

0.01%-2.9% 

0% - 2.5% 

Average interest on amounts due to banks in HUF 

2.15% 

2.46% 

Certain MFB refinanced loan receivables are categorised as fair value through profit or loss based on SPPI test. 
Related  refinancing  loans  at  the  liability  side  are  categorised  as  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  based  on  fair 
value option due to accounting mismatch as provided by the IFRS 9 standard. 

NOTE 22: 

HELD FOR TRADING DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL LIABILITIES (in HUF mn) 

Negative fair value of held for trading derivative financial liabilities by deal types: 

Interest rate swaps  
Foreign currency swaps  
CCIRS and mark-to-market CCIRS 
Other derivative contracts 
Total 

2021 

2020  

78,066 
45,884 
7,786 
60,525 
192,261 

28,812 
34,327 
7,285 
29,563 
99,987 

NOTE 23: 

FAIR  VALUE  OF  DERIVATIVE  FINANCIAL  LIABLITIES  DESIGNATED  AS 
HEDGE ACCOUNTING (in HUF mn) 

Fair value of derivative financial liabilities designated as hedge accounting is detailed as follows: 

IRS designated as fair value hedge 
CCIRS designated as fair value hedge 
IRS designated as cash flow hedge 
Total 

2021 

2020  

5,747 
5,325 
7,618 
18,690 

5,266 
5,865 
(8,027) 
3,104 

60 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 24: 

OTHER LIABILITIES1 AND PROVISIONS (in HUF mn) 

Other financial liabilities 
Liabilities from investment services 
Accrued expenses 
Accounts payable 
Liabilities due to short positions 
Liabilities from customer's credit card payments 
Accrued day one gain of loan liabilities at below-market interest 
Other 
Other financial liabilities total 

Other non-financial liabilities 
Technical accounts 
Current income tax payable 
Social contribution 
Accrued expenses 
Other 
Other non-financial liabilities total 

2021 

87,582 
27,546 
18,754 
16,904 
14,574 
- 
11,383 
176,743 

41,186 
10,080 
4,516 
3,062 
2,850 
61,694 

2020  
Reclassified 

62,490 
15,473 
24,121 
9,131 
11,195 
14,391 
13,249 
150,050 

37,304 
8,216 
3,746 
2,902 
1,309 
53,477 

Other liabilities total 

238,437 

203,527 

The  provision  on  other  liabilities,  off-balance  sheet  commitments  and  contingent  liabilities  are  detailed  as 
follows: 

Provision for losses on other off-balance sheet commitments and contingent 
liabilities 
Provisions in accordance with IFRS 9 
Provision for litigation 
Provision for retirement pension and severance pay 
Provision on other long-term employee benefits 
Provision on other liabilities 
Provisions in accordance with IAS 37 
Total  

2021 

2020  

17,768 
17,768 
259 
975 
- 
2,525 
3,759 
21,527 

17,490 
17,490 
199 
1,300 
723 
194 
2,416 
19,906 

Movements in the provision for losses on commitments and contingent liabilities in accordance with IFRS 9 can 
be summarized as follows: 

Opening balance 
Provision for the period 
Release of provision for the period 
FX revaluation 
Closing balance 

2021 

2020  

17,490 
47,626 
(47,496) 
148 
17,768 

14,288 
56,863 
(54,044) 
383 
17,490 

Movements in the provision for losses on commitments and contingent liabilities in accordance with IAS 37 can 
be summarized as follows: 

Opening balance 
Provision for the period 
Release of provision 
Use of provision 
Closing balance 

2021 
2,416 
14,286 
(11,608) 
(1,335) 
3,759 

2020  
2,508 
20,970 
(21,062) 
- 
2,416 

1 Other liabilities are expected to be recovered or settled no more than twelve months after the reporting period.  

61 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 25: 

SUBORDINATED BONDS AND LOANS (in HUF mn) 

Within one year 
   In foreign currency 

Over one year: 
   In foreign currency 

Total 

Interest rates on subordinated bonds and loans are as follows (%): 

2021 

2020  

2,841 

2,972 

268,935 

301,271 

271,776 

304,243 

2021 

2020  

Subordinated bonds and loans denominated in foreign currency 

2.5%-2.9%  2.5%-2.9% 

Average interest on subordinated bonds and loans denominated in foreign currency 

2.74% 

2.85% 

Subordinated loans and bonds are detailed as follows as at 31 December 2021: 

Type 

Nominal 
value 

Date of 
issuance 

Date of 
maturity 

Issue price 

Interest conditions 

Subordinated 
bond 

EUR 231 
million 

7 November 
2006 

Perpetual 

99.375% 

Subordinated 
bond 

EUR 500 
million 

15 July  
2019 

15 July  
2029 

99.738% 

Three-month  EURIBOR  + 
3%, 
(payable 
quarterly) 

variable 

Fixed  2.875%  annual  in  the 
first  5  years  and  callable 
after  5  years,  variable  after 
year  5  (payable  annually) 
calculated  as  a  sum  of  the 
initial  margin  (320  basis 
point)  and  the  5  year  mid-
swap  rate  prevailing  at  the 
and of the 5 year.  

Current 
interest rate 

2.428% 

2.875% 

NOTE 26: 

SHARE CAPITAL (in HUF mn) 

Authorized, issued and fully paid: 
Ordinary shares  

2021 

2020  

28,000 

28,000 

The  nominal value of the shares is HUF 100 per shares. All of the shares are ordinary shares representing the 
same  rights  to  the  shareholders.  Furthermore  there  are  no  restrictions  on  the  distribution  of  dividends  and  the 
repayment of capital. 

62 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 27: 

RETAINED EARNINGS AND RESERVES (in HUF mn) 

Based  on  the  instructions  of  Act  C  of  2000  on  accounting  (“Act  on  Accounting”)  financial  statements  of  the 
Bank are prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB as adopted by the EU. 

In 2021,  the  Bank  did  not  pay  dividend  based  on  the  earlier  NBH  warnings  issued  due to  covid  moratoria.  In 
2022 dividend of HUF 119 billion from the profit of the years 2019 and 2020 and HUF 1 billion from the profit 
of the year 2021 (totally HUF 120 billion) are expected to be proposed by the Management, which means HUF 
425,89  (for  the  year  2019  and  2020)  and  HUF  3,57  (for  the  year  2021)  dividend  per  share  payable  to 
shareholders. In the opinion of the Management dividend is still considered to be payable, which will be decided 
on the Bank’s Board meeting in March taken in consideration the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. 

Based on paragraph 114/B of Act on Accounting Equity Correlation Table is prepared and disclosed as a part of 
the explanatory notes for the reporting date by the Bank.  

On  19  October  2006  the  Bank  sold  14.5  million  Treasury  shares  owned  by  OTP  Group  through  an  issue  of 
Income Certificates Exchangeable for Shares ("ICES"). Within the transaction 10 million shares owned by OTP 
Bank  and  4.5  million  OTP  shares  owned  by  OTP  Fund  Management  Ltd.  were  sold  during  the  underwriting 
period of ICES on the weighted average market price (HUF 7,080) of the Budapest Stock Exchange. The shares 
have been purchased by Opus Securities S.A. ("OPUS"), which issued an exchangeable bond with a total face 
value of EUR 514,274,000 backed by those shares. The exchangeable bonds have been sold at a 32% premium 
over the selling price of the shares. The EUR denominated exchangeable bonds were perpetual and the investors 
could exercise the conversion right between year 6 and 10. The bonds carry a fixed coupon of 3.95% during the 
first 10 years thereafter the Issuer had the right to redeem the bonds at face value. Following the year 10, the 
bonds carry a coupon of 3 month EURIBOR +3%. OTP Bank had discretional right to cancel the payments. The 
interest payable was non-cumulative. 

Due to the conditions described above, ICES was accounted as an equity instrument and therefore any payment 
was accounted as equity distribution paid to ICES holders. 

On  14  September  2021  the  Bank  claimed  to  terminate  the  subordinated  swap  agreement  related  to  ICES 
transaction as at 29 October 2021, and  to exercise its option for  repurchasing approximately 14.5 million OTP 
ordinary  shares  held  by  Opus  at  market  price  based  on  the  agreement.  On  the  same  day  the  Bank  recognised 
liability due to Opus as a reduction of EUR 514 million in the shareholder’s equity. 

Treasury shares were repurchased on 29 October 2021 on a  price  HUF 18.118 and on the same day the swap 
transaction  was  financially  settled.  As  a  result  of  the  closure  of  the  subordinated  swap  agreement  the  Bank’s 
shareholder’s equity increased by HUF 75.422 million as follows: 

Recognition of liability against shareholder’s equity 
Payment of price for treasury shares by Opus 
Tax effect accounted in retained earnings 

in HUF mn 

179,767  equity decrease 
262,648  equity increase 
7,459  equity decrease 

Approximately  12  million  treasury  shares  were  sold  to  OTP  SECOP  I.  (‘OTP  Special  Employee  Stock 
Ownership Program’) and OTP SECOP II. 

Equity correlation table shall contain the opening and closing balances of the shareholder’s equity in accordance 
with IFRS, furthermore deducted from this  the opening and closing balances of the  specified equity elements. 
Equity  correlation  table  shall  contain  also  untied  retained  earnings  available  for  the  payment  of  dividends, 
covering  retained  earnings  from  the  last  financial  year  for  which  accounts  have  been  adopted  comprising  net 
profit  for  the  period  of  that  financial  year  minus  cumulative  unrealized  gains  claimed  in  connection  with  any 
increase in the fair value of investment properties, as provided in IAS 40 - Investment Property, reduced by the 
cumulative income tax accounted for under IAS 12 - Income Taxes. 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 27: 

RETAINED EARNINGS AND RESERVES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Share capital 

Share capital is the portion of the Bank’s equity that has been obtained by the issue of  shares in the corporation 
to a shareholder, usually for cash. 

Share-based payment reserve 

Share-based payment reserve represents the increase in the equity due to the goods or services were received by 
the Bank in an equity-settled share-based payment transaction, valued at the fair value of the goods or services 
received. 

Retained earnings 

Profit of previous years generated by the Bank that are not distributed to shareholders as dividends. 

Put option reserve 

OTP Bank Plc. and MOL Plc. entered into a share swap agreement in 16 April 2009, whereby OTP has changed 
24,000,000  OTP  ordinary  shares  for  5,010,501  „A  series”  MOL  shares.  The  final  maturity  of  the  share  swap 
agreement is 11 July 2022, until which any party can initiate cash or physical settlement of the transaction. 
Put  option  reserve  represents  the  written  put  option  over  OTP  ordinary  shares  were  accounted  as  a  deduction 
from equity at the date of OTP-MOL share swap transaction. 

Other comprehensive income 

Other  comprehensive  income  comprises  items  of  income  and  expense  (including  reclassification  adjustments) 
that are not recognised in profit or loss as required or permitted by other IFRSs. 

General reserve 

The Bank shall place ten per cent of the after-tax profit of the year into general reserve prescribed by the  Act 
CCXXXVII  of  2013  on  Credit  Institutions  and  Financial  Enterprises.  The  Bank  is  allowed  to  use  general 
reserves only to cover operating losses arising from their activities. 

Tied-up reserve 

The tied-up reserve shall consist of sums tied up from the capital reserve and from the retained earnings. 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 27: 

RETAINED EARNINGS AND RESERVES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

The equity correlation table of the Bank based on paragraph 114/B of Act on Accounting as at 31 December 2021: 

31 December 2021 
Closing balance 

Share 
Capital 

Capital 
reserve 

Share-based 
payment 
reserve 

Retained 
earnings and 
reserves 

Option 
reserve 

Treasury 
Shares 

Revaluation 
reserve 

Tied-up 
reserve 

Net profit 
for the year 

Total 

Components of Shareholder’s 
equity in accordance with 
IFRS 

Unused portion of reserve for 

developments 

Other comprehensive income 
Option reserve 
Treasury shares 
Share based payments 
Net profit for the year 
General reserve 
Components of Shareholder’s 
equity in accordance with 
paragraph 114/B of Act on 
Accounting 

28,000 

52 

46,162 

1,855,090 

(55,468) 

(58,872) 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

(497) 

- 

- 
(55,468) 
(58,872) 
46,162 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
(46,162) 
- 
- 

(5,078) 
- 
- 
- 
(125,339) 

(117,905) 

- 
55,468 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
58,872 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

497 

- 
5,078 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
-  117,905 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
125,339 
- 

1,814,964 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

28,000 

(68,126) 

- 

1,606,271 

- 

- 

5,078  118,402 

125,339 

1,814,964 

65 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 27: 

RETAINED EARNINGS AND RESERVES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

The equity correlation table of the Bank based on paragraph 114/B of Act on Accounting as at 1 January 2021: 

1 January 2021 
Opening balance 

Share 
Capital 

Capital 
reserve 

Share-based 
payment 
reserve 

Retained 
earnings and 
reserves 

Option 
reserve 

Treasury 
Shares 

Revaluation 
reserve 

Tied-up 
reserve 

Net profit for 
the year 

Total 

Components of Shareholder’s 

equity in accordance with IFRS 

Unused portion of reserve for 

developments 

Other comprehensive income 
Portion of supplementary payment 

recognised as an asset 

Option reserve 
Treasury shares 
Share based payments 
Net profit for the year 
General reserve 
Components of Shareholder’s 
equity in accordance with 
paragraph 114/B of Act on 
Accounting 

28,000 

52 

42,573 

1,709,976 

(55,468) 

(46,799) 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(55,468) 
(46,799) 
42,573 
- 
- 

- 
- 
(42,573) 
- 
- 

(998) 

(44,356) 

- 

- 
- 
- 
(92,474) 

(105,371) 

- 

- 

- 

55,468 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
46,799 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

44,356 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

998 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
105,371 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
92,474 
- 

1,678,334 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

28,000 

(59,642) 

- 

1,466,777 

- 

- 

44,356 

106,369 

92,474 

1,678,334 

66 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 27: 

RETAINED EARNINGS AND RESERVES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Calculated untied retained earnings in accordance with paragraph 114/B of Act on Accounting 

Retained earnings 
Net profit for the year 

Untied retained earnings 

Items of retained earnings and other reserves 

Retained earnings 
Capital reserve 
Option reserve 
Other reserves 
Fair value reserve of financial instruments measured at fair value through 

other comprehensive income 

Share-based payment reserve 
Fair value reserve of derivative financial instruments designated as cash-flow 
hedge 
Net profit for the period 
Retained earnings and other reserves 

2021 

2020  

1,606,271 
125,339 

1,466,777 
92,474 

1,731,610 

1,559,251 

2021 
1,606,770 
52 
(55,468) 
117,903 

8,646 
46,162 

(3,568) 
125,339 
1,845,836 

2020  
1,465,037 
52 
(55,468) 
105,370 

44,356 
42,573 

2,739 
92,474 
1,697,133 

Fair value adjustment of securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Balance as at 1 January 
Change of fair value adjustment 
Deferred tax related to change of fair value adjustment 
Other transfer to retained earnings 
Deferred tax related to other transfer to retained earnings 
Transfer to p/l due to derecognition 
Deferred tax related to accumulated transfer to p/l 
Closing balance 

2021 
36,441 
(34,484) 
2,801 
(5,070) 
457 
- 
- 
145 

Expected credit loss on securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Balance as at 1 January 
Increase of loss allowance 
Release of loss allowance 
FX movement 
Closing balance 

2021 
1,714 
1,103 
(1,654) 
11 
1,174 

Fair value changes of equity instruments as at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Balance as at 1 January 
Change of fair value correction 
Deferred tax related to change of fair value correction 
Transfer to retained earnings 
Closing balance 

2021 
6,201 
1,407 
(281) 
- 
7,327 

2020  
51,011 
(22,069) 
1,973 
- 
- 
6,073 
(547) 
36,441 

2020  
1,702 
795 
(783) 
- 
1,714 

2020  
10,262 
(3,276) 
310 
(1,095) 
6,201 

67 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 28: 

TREASURY SHARES (in HUF mn) 

Nominal value (ordinary shares) 
Carrying value at acquisition cost 

2021 

2020  

325 
58,872 

433 
46,799 

The  changes  in  the  carrying  value  of  treasury  shares  are  due  to  repurchase  and  sale  transactions  on  market 
authorised by the General Assembly. 

Change in number of shares: 

Number of shares as at 1 January 
Additions 
Disposals 
Number of shares at the end of the period 

Change in carrying value: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Additions 
Disposals 
Closing Balance 

Face value of treasury shares held by OTP Group members 

2021 

2020  

4,331,169 
16,251,451 
(17,332,636) 
3,249,984 

320,165 
8,296,388 
(4,285,384) 
4,331,169 

2021 

2020  

46,799 
276,433 
(264,360) 
58,872 

2021 
766 

2,636 
85,922 
(41,759) 
46,799 

2020  
1,959 

68 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 29: 

INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSES (in HUF mn) 

Interest income accounted for using the effective interest rate method from / 
on 

Loans at amortised cost 
FVOCI securities 
Securities at amortised cost 
Placements with other banks 
Financial liabilities 
Amounts due from banks and balances with National Bank of Hungary 
Repo receivables 

Subtotal 

Income similar to interest income 

Loans mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss 
Swap and forward deals related to Placements with other banks 
Swap and forward deals related to Loans at amortised cost 
Swap and forward deals related to FVOCI securities 
Other 

Subtotal 

Interest income total 

Interest expense due to / from / on 

Amounts due to banks and deposits from the National Bank of Hungary and 

other banks  

Deposits from customers 
Leasing liabilities 
Liabilities from issued securities 
Subordinated bonds and loans 
Other 
Financial assets 
Repo liabilities 

Subtotal 

2021 

2020  

168,388 
21,456 
61,085 
33,544 
3,337 
14,245 
318 
302,373 

26,045 
68,975 
11,487 
(850) 
6 
105,663 

143,652 
29,095 
48,654 
12,248 
1,544 
4,391 
49 
239,633 

15,094 
56,341 
14,011 
(3,789) 
6 
81,663 

408,036 

321,296 

107,928 
33,403 
214 
377 
7,890 
92 
2,193 
3,394 
155,491 

67,747 
19,598 
257 
414 
8,327 
49 
1,622 
1,616 
99,630 

69 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 30: 

RISK COST (in HUF mn) 

Loss allowance of loans at amortised cost 
Loss allowance 
Release of loss allowance 

Loss allowance of sight deposits and placements with other banks 
Loss allowance 
Release of loss allowance 

Loss allowance of placements with other banks 
Loss allowance 
Release of loss allowance 

Loss allowance of FVOCI securities 
Loss allowance 
Release of loss allowance 

Loss allowance of securities at amortised cost 
Loss allowance 
Release of loss allowance 

Provision on loan commitments and financial guarantees 
Provision for the period 
Release of provision 

2021 

2020  

218,534 
(181,270) 
37,264 

211,543 
(156,385) 
55,158 

20,709 
(18,912) 
1,797 

12,724 
(10,497) 
2,227 

449 
(669) 
(220) 

1,103 
(1,654) 
(551) 

4,404 
(2,369) 
2,035 

362 
(76) 
286 

2,119 
(2,116) 
3 

4,822 
(2,977) 
1,845 

47,626 
(47,496) 
130 

57,246 
(54,044) 
3,202 

Change in the fair value attributable to changes in the credit risk of loans 

mandatorily measured at fair value through profit of loss  

16,255 

405 

Risk cost total 

56,710 

63,126 

NOTE 31: 

NET PROFIT FROM FEES AND COMMISSIONS (in HUF mn) 

Income from fees and commissions: 

Fees and commissions related to lending 

Deposit and account maintenance fees and commissions 
Fees and commission related to the issued bank cards 
Fees and commissions related to security trading 
Fx margin 
Fees and commissions paid by OTP Mortgage Bank Ltd. 
Net insurance fee income 
Other 
Fees and commissions from contracts with customers 

2021 

2020  

12,164 

11,141 

123,800 
89,243 
28,227 
16,155 
11,187 
8,481 
11,546 
288,639 

106,341 
77,115 
25,414 
6,159 
8,725 
7,155 
17,731 
248,640 

Total Income from fees and commissions: 

300,803 

259,781 

Contract balances 

Receivables, which are included in ‘other assets’ 
Loss allowance 

2021 

2020  

16,391 
196 

7,625 
(103) 

70 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 31: 

NET PROFIT FROM FEES AND COMMISSIONS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Performance obligations and revenue recognition policies:  

Fee type 

Deposit and 
account 
maintenance fees 
and commissions 

Nature  and  timing  of  satisfaction  of  performance 
obligations, and the significant payment terms  
The  Bank  provides  a  number  of  account  management 
services for both retail and corporate customers in which they 
charge  a  fee.  Fees  related  to  these  services  can  be  typically 
account  transaction  fees  (money  transfer  fees,  direct  debit 
fees,  money  standing  order  fees,  etc.),  internet  banking  fees 
(e.g. OTP Direct fee), account control fees (e.g. sms fee), or 
other  fees  for  occasional  services  (account  statement  fees, 
other administration fees, etc.). 

Fees  for  ongoing  account  management  services  are  charged 
to  the  customer’s  account  on  a  monthly  basis.  The  fees  are 
commonly fix amounts that can be vary per account package 
and customer category. 

recognition 

Revenue 
under IFRS 15 
Fees  for  ongoing  account 
management  services  are 
charged  on  a  monthly 
basis  during  the  period 
when they are provided. 

when 

Transaction-based fees are 
the 
charged 
transaction takes places or 
charged  monthly  at  the 
end of the month. 

transfer 

In  the  case  of  the  transaction  based  fees  where  the  services 
include  money 
the 
the  fee 
transaction  takes  place.  The  rate  of  the  fee  is  typically 
determined in a certain % of the transaction amount. In case 
of  other  transaction-based  fees  (e.g.  SMS  fee),  the  fee  is 
settled monthly. 

is  charged  when 

In case of occasional services the Bank basically charges the 
fees when the services are used by the customer. The fees can 
be fixed fees or they can be set in %. 

The rates are reviewed by the Bank regularly. 

Fees and 
commission 
related to the 
issued bank cards 

The  Bank  provides  a  variety of  bank  cards  to  its  customers, 
for  which  different  fees  are  charged.  The  fees  are  basically 
charged  in  connection  with  the  issuance  of  cards  and  the 
related card transactions. 

Fees  for  ongoing  services 
are  charged  on  a  monthly 
basis  during  the  period 
when they are provided. 

The annual fees of the cards are charged in advance in a fixed 
amount.  The  amount  of  the  annual  card  fee  depends  on  the 
type of card. 

of 

fees 

case 

transaction-based 

In 
cash 
withdrawal/payment fee, merchant fee, interchange fee, etc.), 
the  settlement  of  the  fees  will  take  place  immediately  after 
the  transaction  or  on  a  monthly  basis.  The  fee  is  typically 
determined  in  %  of  the  transaction  with  a  fixed  minimum 
amount. 

(e.g. 

For  all  other  cases  where  the  Bank  provides  a  continuous 
service  to  the  customers  (e.g.  card  closing  fee),  the  fees  are 
charged monthly. The fee is calculated in a fix amount. 

The rates are reviewed by the Bank regularly. 

when 

Transaction-based fees are 
charged 
the 
transaction takes places or 
charged  monthly  at  the 
end of the month. 

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 31: 

NET PROFIT FROM FEES AND COMMISSIONS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Performance obligations and revenue recognition policies: [continued] 

Fee type 

Fees and 
commissions 
related to security 
account 
management 
services 

Nature  and  timing  of  satisfaction  of  performance 
obligations, and the significant payment terms  
The  Bank  provides 
its  clients  with  security  account 
management  services.  Fees  will  be  charged  for  account 
management and transactions on accounts. 

Account management fees are typically charged quarterly or 
annually. The amount is determined in%, based on the stocks 
of securities managed by the clients on the account in a given 
period. 

Fees  for  transactions  on  the  securities  account  are  charged 
immediately  after  the  transaction.  They  are  determined  in%, 
based on the transaction amount. 

Fees  for  complex  services  provided  to  clients  (e.g.  portfolio 
management  or  custody)  are  typically  charged  monthly  or 
annually.  The  fees  are  fixed  monthly  amounts  and  in  some 
cases a bonus fee are charged. 

Fees and 
commissions paid 
by OTP Mortgage 
Bank Ltd. 

The Bank provides a number of services to its subsidiaries, in 
connection with fees are charged. These fees typically include 
services  related  to  various  warranties  and  guarantees,  credit 
account  management,  agency  activities,  and  marketing 
activities. 

The credit account management fee granted to OTP Mortgage 
Bank is settled on a monthly basis. It has a fixed part that is 
based  on  the  number  of  the  managed  credit  accounts,  and  a 
variable one determined by the profit split method. 

The fees for the guarantee services provided by the Bank are 
charged  monthly.  The  fee  is  determined  by%  and  based  on 
the stock being guaranteed. 

Fees  for  agent  services  are  charged  monthly.  The  rate  is  %, 
based on the products sold during the period. 

recognition 

Revenue 
under IFRS 15 
Fees  for  ongoing  services 
are  charged  quarterly  or 
annually during the period 
when  they  are  provided. 
The 
fees  are  accrued 
monthly. 

Transaction-based fees are 
the 
charged 
transaction takes places. 

when 

Fees  for  ongoing  services 
are  charged  on  a  monthly 
basis  during  the  period 
when they are provided. 

Transaction-based fees are 
charged 
the 
transaction takes places. 

when 

Net insurance fee 
income 

Due  to  the  fact  that  the  Bank  does  not  provide  insurance 
services  to  its  clients,  only  acts  as  an  agent,  the  fee  income 
charged  to  the  customers  and  fees  payable  to  the  insurance 
company are presented net in the fee income. 

Fees  for  ongoing  services 
are  charged  on  a  monthly 
basis  during  the  period 
when they are provided. 

Other 

In  addition,  agency  fee  charged  for  the  sale  of  insurance 
contracts is also recorded in this line. The fee is charged on a 
monthly basis and determined in %. 

Fees  that  are  not  significant  in  the  Banks  total  income  are 
included  in  Other  fees  category.  Such  fees  are  safe  lease, 
special procedure fee, account rent fee, adlak service fee, fee 
of a copy of document, etc. 

Other fees may include charges for continuous services or for 
ad  hoc  administration  services.  Continuous  fees  are  charged 
monthly (e.g., safe lease fees) at the beginning of the period, 
typically at a fixed rate. Fees for ad hoc services are charged 
immediately  after  the  service  obligation  had  been  met, 
typically also in a fixed amount. 

Fees  for  ongoing  services 
are  charged  on  a  monthly 
basis  during  the  period 
when they are provided. 
Fees  for  ad  hoc  services 
are  charged  when 
the 
transaction takes places. 

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 31: 

NET PROFIT FROM FEES AND COMMISSIONS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Other fees and commissions related to issued bank cards 
Insurance fees 
Fees and commissions related to lending 
Fees and commissions related to security trading 
Fees and commissions relating to deposits 
Trust activities related to securities 
Postal fees 
Money market transaction fees and commissions 
Other 
Total 

NOTE 32: 

GAINS AND LOSSES (in HUF mn) 

2021 

39,835 
771 
5,011 
618 
2,610 
1,652 
224 
265 
1,290 
52,276 

2020  

31,701 
758 
3,432 
1,584 
1,355 
566 
202 
91 
1,061 
40,750 

248,527 

219,031 

2021 

2020  

Losses arising from derecognition of financial assets measured at amortised 

cost 

Gain from loans 
Loss from loans 
Gain from securities 
Loss from securities 
Other 
 Losses arising from derecognition of financial assets measured at amortised 

93 
(818) 
968 
(2,520) 
(423) 

894 
(4,533) 
360 
- 
- 

cost 

(2,700) 

(3,279) 

Additional information to Gains or losses from operating income: 

Foreign exchange losses 
Loss from foreign exchange 
Margin gains 
Margin losses 
Total 

Gains on derivative instruments, net 
Gains on FX spot, swap and option deals 
Losses from FX spot, swap and option deals 
Fees received related to option deals 
Fees paid related to option deals 
Gains on commodity deals 
Losses from commodity deals 
Gains on futures transactions 
Losses from futures transactions 
Losses from credit valuation adjustment related to FX spot, swap and option deals 

held for trading 

Losses from credit valuation adjustment related to commodity deals held for 

trading 

Total 

Losses on financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss 
Gains on securities mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss 
Gains on loans mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss 
Losses on loans mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss 
Gains on financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss 
Losses on financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss 
Total 

2021 

(5,875) 
3,597 
(3,360) 
(5,638) 

2021 

41,224 
(34,716) 
2,203 
(2,830) 
91,487 
(91,474) 
580 
(208) 

(2,643) 

(187) 
3,436 

2021 

2,285 
12,069 
(24,760) 
4,353 
(438) 
(6,491) 

2020  

(5,302) 
2,592 
(1,808) 
(4,518) 

2020  

53,171 
(46,329) 
17,983 
(17,912) 
22,122 
(22,123) 
1,555 
(1,410) 

- 

- 
7,057 

2020  

2,725 
2,328 
(4,453) 
2,443 
(3,713) 
(670) 

73 

 
 
  
  
     
  
     
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 32: 

GAINS AND LOSSES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Additional information to Gains or losses from operating income: [continued] 

Gains on securities, net 
Interest income from held for trading securities 
Gains on held for trading securities 
Losses on held for trading securities 
Gains on FVOCI securities 
Losses on FVOCI securities 
Gains on derecognition of investments in subsidiaries 
Losses on derecognition of investments in subsidiaries 
Gains/losses from other securities 
Total 

Dividend income 
Distribution from investments in subsidiaries 
Distribution from held for trading securities 
Distribution from FVOCI equity instruments 
Total 
Total gains and losses from operating income (without other operating 

2021 

277 
8,018 
(3,646) 
2,138 
(6,797) 
1,311 
(1,963) 
2,766 
2,104 

2021 

95,042 
3,844 
151 
99,037 

92,445 

2020  

368 
5,948 
(3,697) 
6,639 
(566) 
23,028 
(16,485) 
2,360 
17,595 

2020  

60,913 
8 
52 
60,973 

80,436 

income) 

NOTE 33: 

OTHER OPERATING INCOME AND EXPENSES AND OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE 
EXPENSES (in HUF mn) 

 Other operating income: 

Intermediary and other services 
Derecognition of financial liabilities at amortised cost 
Non-repayable assets received 
Income from lease of tangible assets 
Gains on derecognition of deposits 
Gains on discount from advertising agency fees 
Income from written off receivables 
Gains on sale of receivables 
Gains on transactions related to property activities 
Gains on IT services provided to subsidiaries 
Other operating income from OTP Employee Stock Ownership Program 

(OTP ESOP) 

Gains on sale of tangible assets 
Other  
Total 

 Net other operating expenses: 

2021 

2,272 
2,290 
1,174 
1,009 
281 
182 
281 
- 
239 
940 

2,234 
(81) 
444 
11,265 

2020  

2,677 
710 
26 
749 
710 
171 
206 
377 
266 
- 

236 
150 
1,772 
7,900 

2021 

2020  

Release of loss allowance on other assets 
Non-repayable assets contributed 
Release of provision for off-balance sheet commitments and contingent 

liabilities 

Financial support for sport association and organization of public utility 
Losses on other assets 
Loss allowance on investments in subsidiaries 
Other 
Total other operating expenses 

961 
(862) 

(1,343) 
(10,960) 
- 
(27,420) 
(2,012) 
(41,636) 

(3,521) 
(4,055) 

92 
(7,999) 
(697) 
(10,042) 
(1,842) 
(28,064) 

74 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 33: 

OTHER OPERATING INCOME AND EXPENSES AND OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE 
EXPENSES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

 Other administrative expenses: 

Personnel expenses: 
Wages 
Taxes related to personnel expenses 
Other personnel expenses 
Subtotal 

Depreciation and amortization 

Other administrative expenses: 
Taxes, other than income tax1 
Services 
Fees payable to authorities and other fees 
Administration expenses, including rental fees 
Professional fees 
Advertising 
Subtotal 

Total 

NOTE 34: 

INCOME TAX (in HUF mn) 

2021 

2020  
Reclassified 

105,176 
16,709 
14,241 
136,126 

89,705 
16,308 
12,485 
118,498 

40,692 

38,948 

81,171 
57,290 
17,362 
7,439 
6,714 
8,635 
178,611 

73,384 
41,590 
13,769 
15,517 
2,500 
7,405 
154,165 

355,429 

311,611 

The Bank is presently liable for income tax at a rate of  9% of taxable income, local taxes at a rate of 2.3% of 
taxable revenue. 

A breakdown of the income tax expense is: 

Current tax expense 
Deferred tax expense/(benefit) 
Total 

A reconciliation of the deferred tax liability is as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Deferred tax (expense)/ benefit 

Tax effect of fair value adjustment of FVOCI securities and ICES recognised 

in comprehensive income 

Closing balance 

2021 

2020  
Reclassified 

14,528 
1,423 
15,951 

14,198 
(1,077) 
13,121 

2021 

2020  

(3,062) 
(1,423) 

2,978 
(1,507) 

(5,875) 
1,077 

1,736 
(3,062) 

1  Special  tax  of  financial  institutions  was  paid  by  OTP  Bank  in  the  amount  of  HUF  13.1  and  11.6  billion  for  the  for  the  year  ended  31 
December 2021 and 2020, recognized as an expense thus decreased the corporate tax base. For the year ended 31 December 2021 financial 
transaction duty was paid by the Bank in the amount of HUF 68 billion. 

75 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 34: 

INCOME TAX (in HUF mn) [continued] 

A breakdown of the deferred tax liability is as follows: 

Unused tax allowance 
Provision for untaken leave 
Provision for termination benefits and jubilee 
Amounts unenforceable by tax law 
Deferred tax asset 

Fair value adjustment of held for trading and securities at fair value through 
other comprehensive income 
Difference in depreciation and amortization 
Provision for developments 
Amounts unenforceable by tax law 
Deferred tax liabilities 

2021 

2020  

- 
282 
644 
- 
926 

(1,312) 
(1,076) 
(45) 
- 
(2,433) 

1,321 
- 
- 
247 
1,568 

(4,199) 
(329) 
- 
(102) 
(4,630) 

Net deferred tax assets/(liabilities) 

(1,507) 

(3,062) 

A reconciliation of the income tax (income) / expense is as follows: 

Profit before income tax 
Income tax at statutory tax rate (9%) 

A reconciliation of effective tax rate as follows: 

Share-based payment 
Deferred use of tax allowance 
Dividend income 
Use of tax 
Amounts unenforceable by tax law 
Change due to accounting policy (Visa) 
Use of tax losses 
Deferred tax asset due to unused tax allowance 
Other 
Income tax 

Effective tax rate 

(as presented in the separate statement of financial position) 
Current tax assets 
Current tax liabilities 
Net tax liabilities  

2021 

2020  

141,290 
12,717 

93,246 
8,392 

323 
90 
(8,787) 
(3,461) 
(847) 
- 
- 
- 
1,618 
1,653 

1.2% 

2021 

- 
4,776 
(4,776) 

305 
- 
(5,488) 
(2,023) 
(38) 
69 
(167) 
(1,039) 
761 
772 

0.8% 

2020 

593 
1,464 
(871) 

76 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 35: 

LEASE (in HUF mn) 

The Bank as a lessee: 

Amounts recognised in profit and loss 

Interest expense on lease liabilities 
Expense relating to short-term leases 
Expense relating to variable lease payments not included in the measurement 

of lease liabilities 

Leasing liabilities by maturities: 

Within one year 
Over one year 
Total 

2021 

214 
2,143 

1,271 

2021 
4,868 
13,064 
17,932 

An analysis of movement in the carrying amount of right-of-use assets by category is as follows: 

Gross carrying amount 
Balance as at 1 January 2020 
Additions due to new contracts 
Derecognition due to matured contracts 
Change due to revaluation and modification 
Balance as at 31 December 2020 
Additions due to new contracts 
Derecognition due to matured contracts 
Change due to revaluation and modification 
Balance as at 31 December 2021 

Depreciation 
Balance as at 1 January 
Depreciation charge 
Derecognition due to matured contracts 
Balance as at 31 December 2021 
Depreciation charge 
Derecognition due to matured contracts 
Balance as at 31 December 2021 

Net carrying amount 
Balance as at 31 December 2020 
Balance as at 31 December 2021 

Right-of-use of 
real estate 

17,790 
3,707 
(18) 
927 
22,406 
5,788 
(263) 
3,150 
31,081 

4,214 
4,744 
(6) 
8,952 
5,155 
(238) 
13,869 

13,454 
17,212 

Right-of-use of 
machinery and 
equipment 
37 
- 
- 
- 
37 
- 
- 
- 
37 

6 
- 
12 
6 
- 
18 

25 
19 

2020  

257 
2,128 

1,084 

2020  
4,423 
9,683 
14,106 

Total 

17,827 
3,707 
(18) 
927 
22,443 
5,788 
(263) 
3,150 
31,118 

4,220 
4,750 
(6) 
8,964 
5,161 
(238) 
13,887 

13,479 
17,231 

77 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) 

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or 
equity instrument of another entity. 

Financial instruments may result in certain risks to the Bank. The most significant risks the Bank faces include: 

36.1.  Credit risk 

The Bank takes on exposure to credit risk which is the risk that a counter-party will be unable to pay amounts in 
full when due. The Bank structures the levels of credit risk it undertakes by placing limits on the amount of risk 
accepted in relation to one borrower, or banks of borrowers, and to geographical areas and loan types. Such risks 
are  monitored  on  a  periodical  basis  and  subject  to  an  annual  or  more  frequent  review.  The  exposure  to  any 
borrower  including  banks  and  brokers  is  further  restricted  by  sublimit  covering  on-  and  off-balance  sheet 
exposures and daily delivery risk limits in relation to trading items such as forward foreign exchange contracts. 
Actual exposures against limits are monitored daily.  

Exposure to credit risk is managed through regular analysis of the ability of borrowers and potential borrowers to 
meet interest and capital repayment obligations and by changing these lending limits when appropriate. Exposure 
to credit risk is partly managed obtaining collateral, corporate and personal guarantees. 

36.1.1.  Financial instruments by stages 

Defining the expected credit loss on individual and collective basis 

On individual basis: 

Individually assessed are the non-retail or micro- and small enterprise exposure of significant amount on a stand-
alone basis: 

•  exposure in stage 3, 
•  exposure in workout management 
•  purchased  or  originated  credit-impaired  instruments  which  are  in  accordance  with  the  conditions 

mentioned above 

The  calculation  of  impairment  must  be  prepared  and  approved  by  the  risk  management  functional  areas.  The 
calculation,  all  relevant  factors  (amortised  cost,  original  and  current  EIR,  contracted  and  expected  cash  flows 
(from  business  and/or  collateral)  for  the  individual  periods  of  the  entire  lifecycle,  other  essential  information 
enforced during the valuation) and the criteria thereof (including the factors underlying the classification as stage 
3) must be documented individually. 

The expected credit loss of the exposure equals the difference of the receivable's AC (gross book value) on the 
valuation date and the present value of the receivable's expected cash flows discounted to the valuation date by 
the exposure's original effective interest rate (EIR) (calculated at the initial recognition, or in the case of variable 
rate, recalculated due to the last interest rate change). The estimation of the expected future cash flows should be 
forward looking, it must also contain the effects of the possible change of macroeconomic outlook. 
At least two scenarios must be used for the estimation of the expected cash flow.  At least one scenarios should 
anticipate  that  realised  cash  flows  will  be  significantly  different  from  the  contractual  cash  flows.  Probability 
weights  must  be  allocated  to  the  individual  scenarios.  The  estimation  must  reflect  the  probability  of  the 
occurrence and non-occurrence of the credit loss, even if the most probable result is the non-occurrence of the 
loss. 

On collective basis:  

The following exposures are subject to collective assessment: 
retail exposure irrespective of the amount, 

• 
•  micro and small enterprise exposures irrespective of the amount, 
•  all  other  exposure  which  are  insignificant  on  a  stand-alone  basis  and  not  part  of  the  workout 

management, 

•  exposure which are not in stage 3, significant on a stand-alone basis, 
•  purchased  or  originated  credit-impaired  instruments  which  are  in  accordance  with  the  conditions 

mentioned above. 

78 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

36.1.1.  Financial instruments by stages [continued] 

In the collective impairment methodology credit risk and the change of credit risk can be correctly captured by 
understanding  the  risk  characteristics  of  the  portfolio.  In  order  to  achieve  this  the  main  risk  drivers  shall  be 
identified  and  used  to  form  homogeneous  segments  having  similar  risk  characteristics.  The  segmentation  is 
expected  to  stay  stable  from  month  to  month  however  a  regular  (at  least  yearly)  revision  of  the  segmentation 
process  should  be  set  up  to  capture  the  change  of  risk  characteristics.  The  segmentation  must  be  performed 
separately for each parameter, since in each case different factors may have relevance. 

The  Bank's  Headquarters  Group  Reserve  Committee  stipulates  the  guidelines  related  to  the  collective 
impairment methodology at group level. In addition, it has right of agreement in respect of the risk parameters 
(PD  -probability  of  default,  LGD  -  loss  given  default,  EAD  –  exposure  at  default)  and  segmentation  criteria 
proposed by the group members.  

The  review  of  the  parameters  must  be  performed  at  least  annually  and  the  results  should  be  approved  by  the 
Group  Reserve  Committee.  Local  Risk  Managements  is  responsible  for  parameter  estimations  and  updates, 
macroeconomic  scenarios  are  calculated  by  OTP  Bank  Headquarters  for  each  subsidiary  and  each  parameter. 
Based on the consensus proposal of Local Risk Management and OTP Bank Headquarters, the Group Reserve 
Committee decides on the modification of parameters (all parameters for impairment calculation). 

The impairment parameters should be backtested at least annually.  

The expected loss calculation should be forward looking, including forecasts of future economic conditions. This 
may be achieved by applying 3-5 different macroeconomic scenarios, which may be integrated in the PD, LGD 
and EAD parameters. 

79 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

36.1.1.  Financial instruments by stages [continued] 

Gross carrying amount and accumulated loss allowance of financial assets at amortized cost and fair value through other comprehensive income by IFRS 9 stages as at 31 December 2021: 
Gross carrying amount / Notional amount 

Loss allowance 

Carrying 
amount/ 
Exposure 

Stage 1 

Stage 2  Stage 3 

Purchased or 
originated credit 
impaired 

Total 

Stage 1  Stage 2  Stage 3 

Purchased or 
originated credit 
impaired 

Write-off 

Total 

474,945 

475,130 

- 

- 

- 

475,130 

185 

- 

- 

- 

185 

- 

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances 
with the National Bank of Hungary 

Placements with other banks, net of allowance 

for placement losses 

Repo receivables 

Retail consumer loans 
Mortgage loans 
Municipal loans 
Corporate loans 

Loans at amortised cost 
FVOCI securities 
Securities at amortised cost 
Other financial assets 
Total as at 31 December 2021 

Loan commitments 
Financial guarantees 
Factoring loan commitments 
Bill of credit 

- 
- 

2,573,226 
33,710 

33,254  39,220 
1,346 
70,311 

2,567,212 
33,638 
598,699 
81,471 
71,328 
3,280,967 
4,032,465 
641,939 
3,071,038 
153,748 

1,476 
- 
488,639  139,193  33,687 
8,377 
- 
2,909,439  384,223  66,915 
3,501,643  563,982  108,979 
- 
- 
735 
10,974,985  10,409,322  616,169  111,190 

- 
3,064,500  13,223 
119,174  38,964 

641,939 

1,665,288 
1,500,977 
423,267 
30,380 

1,615,196  56,838 
1,491,470  14,883 
5,847 
- 

412,692 
30,381 

4,996 
244 
5,133 
- 

Loan commitments and financial guarantees 

total 

3,619,912 

3,549,739  77,568  10,373 

- 
- 
3 
2,724 
- 
10,691 
13,418 
- 
- 
23 
13,441 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

25 
223 

309 
106 

6,014 
72 

83,575 
71,657 

2,574,702 
33,710 

1,476 
- 
661,522  11,168  27,597  24,056 
1,503 
- 
3,371,268  17,945  39,260  31,528 
4,188,022  29,361  67,272  57,087 
- 
- 
598 
11,150,122  44,384  70,915  59,161 

641,939 
3,077,723 
158,896 

- 
803 
2,840 

1,174 
5,882 
1,696 

1,677,030 
1,506,597 
423,672 
30,381 

5,620 
4,820 
228 
1 

3,968 
749 
32 
- 

2,154 
51 
145 
- 

3,637,680  10,669 

4,749 

2,350 

- 
- 
2 
267 
- 
1,568 
1,837 
- 
- 
14 
1,851 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

7,490 
72 
62,823 
2,104 
329 
90,301 
155,557 
1,174 
6,685 
5,148 
176,311 

11,742 
5,620 
405 
1 

17,768 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
21,838 
21,838 
- 
- 
- 
21,838 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

80 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

36.1.1.  Financial instruments by stages [continued] 

Gross carrying amount and accumulated loss allowance of financial assets at amortized cost and fair value through other comprehensive income by IFRS 9 stages as at 31 December 2020: 

Gross carrying amount / Notional amount 

Loss allowance 

Assets measured at amortised cost and 
FVOCI as at 31 December 2020 

Carrying 
amount/ 
Exposure 

Stage 1 

Stage 2  Stage 3  Purchased or 

originated credit 
impaired 

Total 

Stage 1  Stage 2  Stage 3  Purchased or 

originated credit 
impaired 

Write-off 

Total 

579,120 

579,120 

- 

- 

- 

579,120 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances 
with the National Bank of Hungary 

Placements with other banks, net of allowance 

for placement losses 

Repo receivables 

Retail consumer loans 
Mortgage loans 
Municipal loans 
Corporate loans 

Loans at amortised cost 
FVOCI securities 
Securities at amortised cost 
Other financial assets 
Total as at 31 December 2020 

Loan commitments 
Financial guarantees 
Factoring loan commitments 
Bill of credit 

1,535,884 
183,364 
531,115 
95,762 
86,061 
2,704,822 
3,417,760 
911,950 
2,007,692 
127,179 
8,762,949 

1,540,240 
183,656 
456,034 
29,857 
72,406 

2 
- 
98,027 
58,609 
15,564 
2,361,979  380,458 
2,920,276  552,658 
- 
- 
40,452 
8,239,713  593,112 

911,950 
2,010,980 
93,491 

1,429,732 
1,412,663 
304,993 
5,026 

1,369,379 
1,409,766 
299,908 
5,039 

69,998 
8,609 
3,551 
- 

1,461 
- 
10,632 
6,602 
43 
37,177 
54,454 
- 
- 
1,133 
57,048 

1,683 
161 
1,810 
- 

Loan commitments and financial guarantees 

total 

3,152,414 

3,084,092 

82,158 

3,654 

- 
- 
5 
2,909 
- 
11,128 
14,042 
- 
- 
31 
14,073 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

1,541,703 
183,656 
564,698 
97,977 
88,013 
2,790,742 
3,541,430 
911,950 
2,010,980 
135,107 
8,903,946 

1,441,060 
1,418,536 
305,269 
5,039 

4,356 
292 
5,945 
20 
227 
16,314 
22,506 
1,714 
3,288 
2,407 
34,563 

5,442 
5,087 
175 
13 

2 
- 
20,866 
688 
1,709 
43,034 
66,297 
- 
- 
4,504 
70,803 

5,047 
738 
35 
- 

1,461 
- 
6,770 
1,313 
16 
25,127 
33,226 
- 
- 
996 
35,683 

839 
48 
66 
- 

3,169,904 

10,717 

5,820 

953 

- 
- 
2 
194 
- 
1,445 
1,641 
- 
- 
21 
1,662 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

5,819 
292 
33,583 
2,215 
1,952 
85,920 
123,670 
1,714 
3,288 
7,928 
142,711 

11,328 
5,873 
276 
13 

17,490 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
25,720 
25,720 
- 
- 
- 
25,720 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

81 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

36.1.1.  Financial instruments by stages [continued] 

Changes  in  the  Loss  allowance  of  financial  assets  at  amortised  cost  and  fair  value  through  other 
comprehensive income by IFRS 9 stages 

Loans at amortised cost 

Loss allowance as at 1 January 2020 
Transfer to Stage 1 
Transfer to Stage 2 
Transfer to Stage 3 
Net remeasurement of loss allowance 
New financial assets originated or purchased 
Financial assets derecognised (other than write-offs) 
Unwind of discount 
Write-offs 
Loss allowance as at 31 December 2020 
Modification 
Loss allowance as at 31 December 2020 
Transfer to Stage 1 
Transfer to Stage 2 
Transfer to Stage 3 
Net remeasurement of loss allowance 
New financial assets originated or purchased 
Financial assets derecognised (other than write-offs) 
Unwind of discount 
Write-offs 
Loss allowance as at 31 December 2021 

Stage 1 
26,777 
633 
(4,374) 
(188) 
(2,736) 
11,393 
(8,975) 
- 
(24) 
22,506 
- 
22,506 
12,289 
(1,867) 
(369) 
(10,705) 
15,197 
(7,638) 
- 
(52) 
29,361 

Stage 2 
18,678 
(612) 
5,682 
(1,683) 
40,164 
7,498 
(3,354) 
- 
(76) 
66,297 
(1,281) 
65,016 
(11,919) 
3,241 
(5,636) 
18,125 
6,326 
(7,540) 
- 
(341) 
67,272 

Stage 3 
25,841 
(21) 
(1,308) 
1,871 
9,196 
2,918 
(3,717) 
1,613 
(3,167) 
33,226 
- 
33,226 
(370) 
(1,374) 
6,005 
20,779 
4,292 
(5,323) 
947 
(1,095) 
57,087 

Total 
POCI 
72,066 
770 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
47,463 
839 
45 
21,854 
(11)  (16,057) 
1,830 
217 
(219) 
(3,486) 
1,641  123,670 
(1,281) 
1,641  122,389 
- 
- 
- 
28,420 
25,816 
(16)  (20,517) 
956 
(1,507) 
1,837  155,557 

- 
- 
- 
221 
1 

9 
(19) 

- 

82 

 
 
 
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

36.1.1.  Financial instruments by stages [continued] 

Changes  in  the  Loss  allowance  of  financial  assets  at  amortised  cost  and  fair  value  through  other 
comprehensive income by IFRS 9 stages [continued]  

Loan commitments and financial guarantees 

Provision as at 1 January 2020 
Transfer to Stage 1 
Transfer to Stage 2 
Transfer to Stage 3 
Net remeasurement of loss allowance 
New financial assets originated or purchased 
Decrease 
Provision as at 31 December 2020 
Transfer to Stage 1 
Transfer to Stage 2 
Transfer to Stage 3 
Net remeasurement of loss allowance 
New financial assets originated or purchased 
Decrease 
Loss allowance as at 31 December 2021 

Stage 1 
11,564 
142 
(501) 
(9) 
(939) 
2,843 
(2,383) 
10,717 
2,910 
(200) 
(21) 
(4,628) 
3,215 
(1,324) 
10,669 

Stage 2 
1,077 
(125) 
522 
(28) 
3,651 
796 
(73) 
5,820 
(2,840) 
322 
(109) 
1,371 
904 
(719) 
4,749 

Placements with other banks, net of allowance for placement losses 

Loss allowance as at 1 January 2020 
Net remeasurement of loss allowance 
New financial assets originated or purchased 
Financial assets derecognised (other than write-offs) 
Loss allowance as at 31 December 2020 
Net remeasurement of loss allowance 
New financial assets originated or purchased 
Financial assets derecognised (other than write-offs) 
Loss allowance as at 31 December 2021 

Stage 1 
3,590 
515 
2,321 
(2,070) 
4,356 
(303) 
4,566 
(2,605) 
6,014 

Stage 2 
2 
- 
- 
- 
2 
- 
- 
(2) 
- 

Stage 3 
1,647 
(17) 
(21) 
37 
(642) 
67 
(118) 
953 
(70) 
(122) 
130 
1,500 
98 
(139) 
2,350 

Stage 3 
- 
- 
1,461 
- 
1,461 
15 
- 
- 
1,476 

Total 
14,288 
- 
- 
- 
2,070 
3,706 
(2,574) 
17,490 
- 
- 
- 
(1,757) 
4,217 
(2,182) 
17,768 

Total 
3,592 
515 
3,782 
(2,070) 
5,819 
(288) 
4,566 
(2,607) 
7,490 

83 

 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

36.1.1.  Financial instruments by stages [continued] 

Changes  in  the  Loss  allowance  of  financial  assets  at  amortised  cost  and  fair  value  through  other 
comprehensive income by IFRS 9 stages [continued]  

Repo Receivables 

Loss allowance as at 1 January 2020 
New financial assets originated or purchased 
Financial assets derecognised (other than write-offs) 
Loss allowance as at 31 December 2020 
New financial assets originated or purchased 
Financial assets derecognised (other than write-offs) 
Loss allowance as at 31 December 2021 

Securities at amortised cost 

Loss allowance as at 1 January 2020 
Net remeasurement of loss allowance 
New financial assets originated or purchased 
Financial assets derecognised (other than write-offs) 
Loss allowance as at 31 December 2020 
Modification 
Loss allowance as at 31 December 2020 
Net remeasurement of loss allowance 
New financial assets originated or purchased 
Financial assets derecognised (other than write-offs) 
Loss allowance as at 31 December 2021 

FVOCI Securities 

Stage 1 

Total 

6 
362 
(76) 
292 
449 
(669) 
72 

6 
362 
(76) 
292 
449 
(669) 
72 

Stage 1 

Stage 2  Total 

1,443 
1,334 
595 
(84) 
3,288 
- 
3,288 
898 
1,761 
(65) 
5,882 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
1,281 
1,281 
(478) 
- 
- 
803 

1,443 
1,334 
595 
(84) 
3,288 
1,281 
4,569 
420 
1,761 
(65) 
6,685 

Loss allowance as at 1 January 2020 
Net remeasurement of loss allowance 
New financial assets originated or purchased 
Financial assets derecognised (other than write-offs) 
Loss allowance as at 31 December 2020 
Net remeasurement of loss allowance 
New financial assets originated or purchased 
Financial assets derecognised (other than write-offs) 
Loss allowance as at 31 December 2021 

Stage 1  Total 
1,702 
286 
509 
(783) 
1,714 
(483) 
348 
(405) 
1,174 

1,702 
286 
509 
(783) 
1,714 
(483) 
348 
(405) 
1,174 

84 

 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

36.1.1.  Financial instruments by stages [continued] 

Loan portfolio by internal ratings 

Internal rating grade 
High grade (1-4) 
Medium grade (5-7) 
Low grade (8-9) 
Non performing  
Total 

Internal rating grade 
High grade (1-4) 
Medium grade (5-7) 
Low grade (8-9) 
Non performing  
Total 

Stage1 
1,930,488 
1,459,861 
111,294 
- 
3,501,643 

Gross carrying amount 
POCI 
Stage3 
- 
224 
-  10,522 
253 
- 
108,979 
2,419 
108,979  13,418 

Stage2 
215,519 
238,767 
109,696 
- 
563,982 

Total 
2,146,231 
1,709,150 
221,243 
111,398 
4,188,022 

Stage1 

11,870 
15,929 
1,562 
- 
29,361 

Accumulated loss allowance 
POCI 
Stage3 
Stage2 

21,906 
24,853 
20,513 
- 
67,272 

- 
- 
- 
57,087 
57,087 

4 
1,234 
12 
587 
1,837 

Total 

33,780 
42,016 
22,087 
57,674 
155,557 

Loan portfolio by countries 

An analysis of carrying amount of the non-qualified and qualified gross loan portfolio by country is as follows: 

Country 

Hungary 
Malta 
Serbia 
Romania 
France 
Bulgaria 
Russia 
Slovakia 
Other 
Loans, placements with other 
banks and repo receivables 
at amortised cost total 

Hungary 
Other 
Loans at fair value total 
Loans, placements with other 
banks and repo receivables 
total 

31 December 2021 

31 December 2020 

Gross loan and 
placements with 
other banks 
portfolio 

Loss allowance 

Gross loan and 
placements with 
other banks 
portfolio 

Loss allowance 

5,039,601 
792,943 
148,599 
113,517 
112,810 
105,899 
85,420 
76,373 
321,272 

(130,588) 
(2,556) 
(2,048) 
(3,695) 
(321) 
(11,786) 
(961) 
(263) 
(10,901) 

3,797,729 
759,425 
- 
40,143 
38,876 
102,067 
124 
73,808 
454,617 

(99,295) 
(3,985) 
- 
(4,220) 
(8) 
(9,158) 
(5) 
(207) 
(12,903) 

6,796,434 

(163,119) 

5,266,789 

(129,781) 

662,008 
4 
662,012 

- 
- 
- 

480,933 
4 
480,937 

- 
- 
- 

7,458,446 

(163,119) 

5,747,726 

(129,781) 

85 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

Loan portfolio classification by economic activities 

Loans at amortised cost by economic activities 

Retail 
Agriculture, forestry and fishing 
Manufacturing, mining and quarrying  

and other industry 

Construction 
Wholesale and retail trade, transportation and 

storage accommodation and food service activities 

Information and communication 
Financial and insurance activities 
Real estate activities 
Professional, scientific, technical, administration 
Total 

36.1.2.  Collaterals 

31 December 2021 
Loss 
Gross 
allowance 
amount 
63,843 
4,976 
7,249 
4,919 
18,490 
1,136 
9,444 
13,143 
3,109 
472 
28,776 
155,557 

708,355 
177,202 
320,990 
172,441 
657,273 
23,072 
211,292 
305,100 
136,876 
72,027 
1,403,394 
4,188,022 

31 December 2020 
Loss 
Gross 
allowance 
amount 
34,289 
2,074 
6,765 
3,626 
16,813 
681 
11,338 
13,595 
1,979 
672 
31,838 
123,670 

647,323 
152,152 
241,763 
136,353 
506,561 
19,846 
147,849 
291,475 
105,159 
70,640 
1,222,309 
3,541,430 

The collateral value held by the Bank by collateral types is as follows (total collateral value). The collaterals 
cover loans as well as off-balance sheet exposures. 

Types of collateral  
Mortgages 
Guarantees and warranties 
Deposit 

from this:      Cash 
                     Securities 

Other 
Total 

2021 
1,602,913 
1,554,921 
229,041 
80,598 
148,443 
387 
3,387,262 

2020  
1,450,951 
1,074,420 
191,268  
62,469 
128,799 
563 
2,717,202 

The  collateral  value  held  by  the  Bank  by  collateral  types  is  as  follows  (to  the  extent  of  the  exposures).  The 
collaterals cover loans as well as off-balance sheet exposures. 

Types of collateral  
Mortgage 
Guarantees and warranties 
Deposit 

from this:      Cash 
                     Securities 

Other 
Total 

2021 
753,222 
1,196,385 
106,620 
12,756 
93,864 
305 
2,056,532 

2020  
687,688 
836,874 
94,397 
8,204 
86,193 
423 
1,619,382 

The coverage level of loan portfolio to the extent of the exposures increased from 31.86% to 30.41% as at 2021, 
while the coverage to the total collateral value decreased from 53.46% to 50.09%. 

86 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

The  collateral  value  (total  collateral  value)  held  by  the  Bank  related  to  impaired  loan  portfolio  (Stage  3  and 
POCI loans) is as follows: 

For the year ended 31 
December 2021 
Retail consumer loans 
Mortgage loans 
Corporate loans 
Total 

For the year ended 31 
December 2020 
Retail consumer loans 
Mortgage loans 
Municipal loans 
Corporate loans 
Total 

36.1.3.  Restructured loans 

Consumer loans 
Mortgage loans 
Corporate loans 
SME loans 
Municipal loans 
Total 

Restructured portfolio definition 

Gross carrying 
amount 

Loss allowance  Carrying amount  Collateral value 

33,690 
11,101 
77,606 
122,397 

(24,058) 
(1,770) 
(33,096) 
(58,924) 

9,632 
9,331 
44,510 
63,473 

387 
39,263 
56,960 
96,610 

Gross carrying 
amount 

Loss allowance  Carrying amount  Collateral value 

10,637 
9,511 
43 
48,305 
68,496 

(6,772) 
(1,507) 
(16) 
(26,572) 
(34,867) 

3,865 
8,004 
27 
21,733 
33,629 

128 
32,302 
104 
46,210 
78,744 

31 December 2021 

31 December 2020 

Gross portfolio  Loss allowance  Gross portfolio 

Loss allowance 

118,094 
36,413 
193,571 
33,388 
- 
381,466 

(21,816) 
(266) 
(25,865) 
(4,487) 
- 
(52,434) 

5,399 
2,156 
27,963 
6,295 
41 
41,854 

(2,575) 
(68) 
(8,283) 
(1,278) 
(16) 
(12,220) 

The forborne definition used by the Group is based on EU regulation 2015/227. Restructuring (forbearance) is a 
modification of the contract – initiated by either the client or the bank – that provides a concession or allowance 
towards the client in respect to the client’s current or future financial difficulties. The table of restructured loans 
contains  exposures  classified  as  performing  forborne.  An  exposure  is  considered  performing  forborne  if  the 
conditions of the non-performing status are not met at the time of the restructuring, or the exposure fulfilled the 
requirements of the minimum one year cure period as non-performing forborne. 

The significant increase of the performing forborne loan volume is due to the forborne classification rules set by 
the MNB executive circulars of 21 January 2021 and 25 November 2021 for loans participating in phase 2 and 
phase  3  of  the  moratoria.  The  loan  volume  classified  as  performing  forborne  exclusively  due  to  moratoria 
participation is HUF 290 billion. For the affected portfolios the earliest possible exit from the forborne status is 6 
months  after  the  exit  from  moratorium  for  retail  and  2  years  after  the  exit  from  moratorium  for  corporate 
exposures. 

87 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

Financial instruments by rating categories1 

Held-for-trading securities as at 31 December 2021 

Government bonds 
Other bonds 
Other non-interest bearing securities 
Hungarian government discounted Treasury Bills 
Shares 
Mortgage bonds 
Total 

Held-for-trading securities 31 December 2020 

A1  A2  A3  B1  Aa3 

Ba2 

Baa1 

Baa2 

Baa3 

N/A 

Total 

-  16 
- 
- 
- 

- 
-  485 
- 
- 
- 
- 
35 
49  59 
- 
- 
49  75  520 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
6 
- 
6 

- 
- 
- 
- 
19 
- 
19 

3,634 
- 
- 
- 
2 
- 
3,636 

- 
- 
- 
- 
12 
- 
12 

26,024 
1,348 
- 
869 
24 
16 
28,281 

1,153 
97 
- 
- 
83 
- 
1,333 

- 
158 
1,134 
- 
310 
100 
1,702 

30,827 
2,088 
1,134 
869 
599 
116 
35,633 

Other non-interest bearing securities 
Government bonds 
Mortgage bonds 
Hungarian government discounted 

Treasury Bills 

Hungarian government interest bearing 

Treasury Bills 

Shares 
Other bonds 
Total 

A2 

A3 

B1 

Ba2 

Ba3 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
36 
- 
36 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
33 
495 
528 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
5 
- 
5 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
7 
- 
7 

- 
465 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
465 

Baa1 
- 
- 
- 

Baa2 

Baa3  N/A  Total 
-  1,964  1,964 
-  6,031 
- 
- 

- 
-  5,566 
- 
- 

- 

- 
45 
- 
45 

-  1,233 

-  1,233 

- 
36 
998 

- 
- 
- 
257 
426 
7 
582  2,075 
- 
7  7,833  2,803  11,729 

Securities mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss as at 31 December 2021 

Government bonds 
Mortgage bonds 
Total 

1 Moody’s ratings 

N/A 
25,126 
2,935 
28,061 

Total   
25,126   
2,935   
28,061   

88 

 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

Financial instruments by rating categories1 

Securities mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss as at 31 December 2020 

Government bonds 
Mortgage bonds 
Shares 
Total 

FVOCI securities as at 31 December 2021 

Government bonds 
Mortgage bonds 
Other bonds 
Hungarian Treasury Bills 
Non-treading equity instruments 
Total 

FVOCI securities as at 31 December 2020 

Mortgage bonds 
Government bonds 
Hungarian interest bearing Treasury Bills 
Shares 
Other bonds 
Total 

1 Moody’s ratings 

N/A 

Total 

23,818 
5,342 
2,776 
31,936 

23,818             
5,342             
2,776             
31,936             

A1 

740 
47,568 
- 
- 
- 
48,308 

A2 
2,471 
- 
- 
- 
- 
2,471 

A3 

- 
- 
2,896 
- 
- 
2,896 

Ba1 
15,209 
- 
4,001 
- 
- 
19,210 

Ba2 

Baa1 

Baa2 

Baa3 

N/A 

Total 

6,784 
- 
- 
- 
- 
6,784 

5,032 
- 
- 
- 
- 
5,032 

182,439 
156,027 
1,622 
63,115 
- 
403,203 

66,201 
- 
37,606 
- 
- 
103,807 

- 
14,346 
18,745 
- 
17,137 
50,228 

278,876       
217,941       
64,870       
63,115       
17,137       
641,939       

A2 
63,577 

- 
226  7,391 
- 
- 
- 
- 
-  4,815 
63,803  12,206 

A3 

Ba1 

Ba3 

Baa2 

Baa3 

N/A 

- 

-  250,673 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
3,958 
1,620 
8,582  15,055  252,293 

4,624  15,055 
- 
- 
- 

461,163 
9,957 

-  18,417 
- 
- 
-  15,731 
37,961  16,782 
509,081  50,930 

Total 
332,667 
488,459 
9,957 
15,731 
65,136 
911,950 

89 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
           
  
  
           
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
      
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

Financial instruments by rating categories1 

Securities at amortised cost as at 31 December 2021 
Aaa 
185,261 
- 
- 
185,261 

Government bonds 
Corporate bonds 
Mortgage bonds 
Total 

A1 
9,002 
- 
12,992 
21,994 

- 
8,210 
- 
8,210 

A2 

Ba1 
18,871 
- 
- 
18,871 

Ba2 
12,663 
- 
- 
12,663 

Baa1 
25,986 
7,343 
- 
33,329 

Baa2 
2,550,824 
3,682 
- 
- 

Baa3 
55,256 
14,780 
- 
70,036 

N/A 

- 
154,886 
11,282 
166,168 

Total 
2,857,863             
188,901             
24,274             
3,071,038             

Securities at amortised cost as at 31 December 2020 
Baa3 
1,941,855 

Ba2 
2,816 
- 
2,816 

N/A 

Total 
-  1,944,671    
63,021    
1,956,434  48,442  2,007,692    

14,579  48,442 

Government bonds 
Mortgage bonds 
Total 

1 Moody’s ratings 

90 

 
 
 
  
           
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

An  analysis  of  securities  (held  for  trading,  mandatorily  FVTPL,  FVOCI  and  amortised  cost)  in  a  country 
breakdown is as follows: 

2021 

2020  

Country 

Gross carrying 
amount 

Loss 
allowance 

Hungary 
United States of America 
Portugal 
Spain 
Russia 
Romania 
Croatia 
Luxembourg 
Other 
Securities at amortised cost total 
Hungary 
Russia 
Croatia 
Serbia 
Spain 
Luxembourg 
Other 
FVOCI securities total 
Austria 
United States of America 
Other 
Non-trading equity instruments designated to 

measure at fair value through other 
comprehensive income 

Hungary 
Serbia 
Russia 
Germany 
Luxembourg 
Other 
Held for trading securities total 
Hungary 
Luxembourg 
United States of America 
Portugal 
Securities mandatorily measured at fair value 

through profit or loss 

Securities total 

Gross 
carrying 
amount 
1,986,362 
1,069 
- 
- 
2,757 
- 
- 
20,792 
- 
2,010,980 
761,472 
29,697 
- 
- 
- 
85,006 
20,044 
896,219 
3,122 
12,079 
530 

15,731 
8,613 
465 
808 
410 
771 
662 
11,729 
18,470 
10,428 
2,776 
262 

Loss 
allowance 

(3,194) 
(4) 
- 
- 
(3) 
- 
- 
(87) 
- 
(3,288) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

2,709,786 
194,518 
36,268 
33,659 
32,901 
22,527 
18,917 
- 
29,147 
3,077,723 
517,462 
65,275 
15,209 
6,784 
5,032 
- 
15,040 
624,802 
13,223 
3,388 
526 

17,137 
29,814 
3,634 
1,278 
420 
- 
487 
35,633 
18,807 
5,542 
2,935 
777 

(5,823) 
(149) 
(177) 
(178) 
(46) 
(126) 
(46) 
- 
(140) 
(6,685) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

28,061 
3,783,356 

- 
(6,685) 

31,936 
2,966,595 

- 
(3,288) 

91 

 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.2.  Maturity analysis of assets and liabilities and liquidity risk 

Liquidity  risk  is  a  measure  of  the  extent  to  which  the  Bank  may  be  required  to  raise  funds  to  meet  its 
commitments associated with financial instruments. The Bank maintains its liquidity profiles in accordance with 
regulations laid down by the NBH.  

The  essential  aspect  of  the  liquidity  risk  management  strategy  is  to  identify  all  relevant  systemic  and 
idiosyncratic sources of liquidity risk and to measure the probability and severity of such events. During liquidity 
risk  management  the  Bank  considers  the  effect  of  liquidity  risk  events  caused  by  reasons  arising  in  the  bank 
business line (deposit withdrawal), the national economy (exchange rate shock, yield curve shock) and the global 
financial system (capital market shock). 

In line with the Bank’s risk management policy liquidity risks are measured and managed on multiply hierarchy 
levels  and  applying  integrated  unified  VaR  based  methodology.  The  basic  requirement  is  that  the  Bank  must 
keep  high  quality  liquidity  reserves  by  means  it  can  fulfil  all  liabilities  when  they  fall  due  without  material 
additional costs. 

The  liquidity reserves can be divided into two parts. There are separate decentralized liquid asset portfolios at 
subsidiary level and a centralized flexible liquidity pool at Group level. The reserves at subsidiary levels are held 
to cover the relevant shocks of the subsidiaries which may arise in local currencies (deposit withdrawal,  local 
capital market shock, unexpected business expansion), while the centralized liquidity pool is held to cover the 
OTP Bank’s separate shocks (deposit-, yield curve- and exchange rate shocks) and all group member’s potential 
shocks that may arise in foreign currencies (deposit withdrawal, capital market shock). 

The recalculation of shocks is made at least quarterly while the recalibration of shock measurement models and 
review of the risk management methodology is an annual process. The monitoring of liquidity reserves for both 
centralized and decentralized liquid asset portfolio has been built into the daily reporting process.  

Due  to  the  balance  sheet  adjustment  process  (deleveraging)  experienced  in  the  last  few  years,  the  liquidity 
reserves  of  the  Bank  increased  significantly  while  the  liquidity  risk  exposure  has  decreased  considerably. 
Currently  the  (over)coverage  of  risk  liquidity  risk  exposure  by  high  quality  liquid  assets  is  at  all-time  record 
highs. There were no material changes in the liquidity risk management process for the year ended 31 December 
2021.  

The following tables provide an analysis of assets and liabilities about the non-discounted cash flow into relevant 
maturity groupings based on the remaining period from the balance sheet date to the contractual maturity date. It 
is presented under the most prudent consideration of maturity dates where options or repayment schedules allow 
for early repayment possibilities. 

The  contractual  amounts  disclosed  in  the  maturity  analyses  are  the  contractual  undiscounted  cash  flows  like 
gross  finance  lease  obligations  (before  deducting  finance  charges);  prices  specified  in  forward  agreements  to 
purchase financial assets for cash; net amounts for pay-floating/receive-fixed interest rate swaps for which net 
cash flows are exchanged; contractual amounts to be exchanged in a derivative financial instrument for which 
gross cash flows are exchanged; gross loan commitments. 

Such undiscounted cash flows differ from the amount included in the statement of financial position because the 
amount in that statement is based on discounted cash flows. When the amount payable is not fixed, the amount 
disclosed is determined by reference to the conditions existing at the end of the reporting period. For example, 
when the amount payable varies with changes in an index, the amount disclosed may be based on the level of the 
index at the end of the period. 

92 

 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.2.   Maturity analysis of assets and liabilities and liquidity risk [continued] 

As at 31 December 2021 

Within one 
year and 
over 3 
months 

Within 5 
years and 
over one 
year 

Within 3 
months 

Over 5 
years 

 Without 
maturity 

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances with 

the National Bank of Hungary 

475,130 

- 

- 

- 

Placements with other banks, net of allowance for 

placement losses 

Repo receivables 

1,176,184 

585,499 

609,182 

204,493 

33,710 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
Securities at fair value through other 

908 

3,709 

19,804 

10,259 

29,794 

Total 

475,130 

2,575,358 

33,710 

64,474 

comprehensive income 

16,329 

58,446 

358,805 

199,854 

17,138 

650,572 

Loans at amortised cost 
Loans mandatorily measured at fair value through 

profit or loss 

Securities at amortised cost 
Investments in subsidiaries, associates and other 

investments 

Other financial assets 

TOTAL ASSETS 
Amounts due to banks and deposits from the 

1,327,629 

873,169 

1,377,885 

726,016 

16,516 

15,575 

121,104 

553,569 

28,514 

308,921 

1,792,058 

938,902 

- 

- 

- 

4,304,699 

706,764 

3,068,395 

- 

- 

157,669 

1,227 

- 

- 

-  1,573,008 

1,573,008 

- 

- 

158,896 

3,232,589 

1,846,546 

4,278,838  2,633,093  1,619,940 

13,611,006 

National Bank of Hungary and other banks  

297,779 

138,418 

506,233 

108,773 

Deposits from customers 

Repo liabilities  

Liabilities from issued securities 

Subordinated bonds and loans 
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or 

loss 

Leasing liabilities 

Other financial liabilities 

TOTAL LIABILITIES 

9,844,911 

57,851 

33,112 

12,658 

49,726 

- 

36,854 

- 

5,258 

2,841 

531 

1,078 

193,315 

6,812 

8,812 

2,065 

- 

- 

269,698 

1,253 

3,791 

5,337 

4,422 

13,927 

9,356 

3,707 

876 

- 

10,395,439 

213,462 

599,665 

410,828 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,051,203 

9,948,532 

86,580 

22,947 

272,539 

20,133 

17,932 

199,528 

11,619,394 

NET POSITION1 
Receivables from derivative financial instruments 

-7,162,850 

1,633,084 

3,679,173  2,222,265  1,619,940 

1,991,612 

classified as held for trading 

4,573,312 

1,957,498 

339,869 

135,728 

Liabilities from derivative financial instruments 

classified as held for trading 

(4,581,312) 

(1,951,622) 

(328,607)  (132,345) 

Net position of derivative financial instruments 

classified as held for trading 

(8,000) 

5,876 

11,262 

3,383 

Receivables from derivative financial instruments 

designated as hedge accounting 

5,693 

37,436 

580,280 

16,195 

Liabilities from derivative financial instruments 

designated as hedge accounting 

(7,658) 

(46,925) 

(595,692) 

(16,417) 

Net position of derivative financial instruments 

designated as hedging accounting 

(1,965) 

(9,489) 

(15,412) 

(222) 

Net position of derivative financial instruments 

total 

(9,965) 

(3,613) 

(4,150) 

3,161 

Commitments to extend credit 

Confirmed letters of credit 

Factoring loan commitment 

Bank guarantees 

Off-balance sheet commitments 

1,677,030 

30,381 

423,673 

133,460 
2,264,544 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

189,747 
189,747 

247,886 
247,886 

936,824 
936,824 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

7,006,407 

(6,993,886) 

12,521 

639,604 

(666,692) 

(27,088) 

(14,567) 

1,677,030 

30,381 

423,673 

1,507,917 

3,639,001 

1  Analysis  for  net  position  of  assets  and  liabilities  are  calculated  in  accordance  with  IFRS  7,  therefore  certain  financial  instruments  are 
presented in the earliest  period  in  which  the Bank could  be  required to pay.  On-demand deposits are  presented in the earliest  (within  3 
month)  period  category,  however  based  on  Management’s  discretion  the  Bank  has  appropriate  liquidity  reserves  as  maintenance  and 
management of liquidity risk. 

93 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.2.   Maturity analysis of assets and liabilities and liquidity risk [continued] 

comprehensive income 

14,453 

111,117 

402,797 

305,507 

15,731 

849,605 

National Bank of Hungary and other banks  

152,633 

62,871 

492,291 

Deposits from customers 

7,716,000 

131,890 

30,628 

As at 31 December 2020 

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances with 

the National Bank of Hungary 

Placements with other banks, net of allowance for 

placement losses 

Repo receivables 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
Securities at fair value through other 

Loans at amortised cost 
Loans mandatorily measured at fair value through 

profit or loss 

Securities at amortised cost 

Investment properties 
Investments in subsidiaries, associates and other 

investments 

Other financial assets 

TOTAL ASSETS 
Amounts due to banks and deposits from the 

Repo liabilities  

Liabilities from issued securities 

Subordinated bonds and loans 
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or 

loss 

Leasing liabilities 

Other financial liabilities 

TOTAL LIABILITIES 

NET POSITION1 
Receivables from derivative financial instruments 

classified as held for trading 

Liabilities from derivative financial instruments 

classified as held for trading 

Net position of derivative financial instruments 

classified as held for trading 

Receivables from derivative financial instruments 

designated as hedge accounting 

Liabilities from derivative financial instruments 

designated as hedge accounting 

Net position of derivative financial instruments 

designated as hedging accounting 

Net position of derivative financial instruments 

total 

Within 3 
months 

Within one 
year and over 
3 months 

Within 5 years 
and over one 
year 

Over 5 
years 

 Without 
maturity 

579,120 

578,907 

183,656 

1,401 

- 

- 

- 

656,143 

273,834 

33,027 

- 

- 

- 

1,151 

3,576 

9,042 

22,121 

37,291 

1,134,542 

728,410 

1,132,083 

645,980 

11,674 

85,000 

383,775 

37,950 

1,354,479 

559,171 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,936 

1,936 

-  1,548,972 

1,548,972 

- 

- 

135,109 

133,832 

1,277 

2,660,496 

1,547,722 

3,251,769 

1,936,502  1,588,760 

10,985,249 

14,850 

19,735 

- 

- 

- 

636 

2,972 

3,159 

1,073 

161,652 

73,574 

14,115 

- 

487 

- 

109,612 

11,835 

15,256 

- 

1,421 

3,350 

4,877 

- 

302,182 

6,115 

7,213 

1,417 

15,207 

2,470 

- 

160,910 

3,156,604 

552,687 

270,557 

(88,685) 

(3,774,109) 

(490,468) 

(226,529) 

72,225 

(617,505) 

62,219 

44,028 

183 

7,286 

168,912 

173,109 

(40,485) 

(114,512) 

(472,245) 

(88,720) 

(40,302) 

(107,226) 

(303,333) 

84,389 

31,923 

(724,731) 

(241,114) 

128,417 

Total 

579,120 

1,541,911 

183,656 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3,641,015 

495,299 

1,971,335 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

781,369 

7,892,633 

109,612 

28,214 

305,154 

25,902 

14,106 

167,946 

9,324,936 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

4,140,758 

(4,579,791) 

(439,033) 

349,490 

(715,962) 

(366,472) 

(805,505) 

1,441,060 

5,039 

305,269 

1,419,543 

3,170,911 

8,038,125 

216,244 

662,532 

408,035 

(5,377,629) 

1,331,478 

2,589,237 

1,528,467  1,588,760 

1,660,313 

Commitments to extend credit 

Confirmed letters of credit 

Factoring loan commitment 

Bank guarantees 

Off-balance sheet commitments 

1,441,060 

5,039 

305,269 

115,485 
1,866,853 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

136,569 
136,569 

305,714 
305,714 

861,775 
861,775 

1  Analysis  for  net  position  of  assets  and  liabilities  are  calculated  in  accordance  with  IFRS  7,  therefore  certain  financial  instruments  are 
presented in the earliest  period  in  which  the Bank could  be  required to pay.  On-demand deposits are  presented in the earliest  (within  3 
month)  period  category,  however  based  on  Management’s  discretion  the  Bank  has  appropriate  liquidity  reserves  as  maintenance  and 
management of liquidity risk. 

94 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.3.  Net foreign currency position and foreign currency risk 

As at 31 December 2021 

Assets 
Liabilities 
Derivative financial instruments 
Net position 

As at 31 December 2020 

Assets 
Liabilities 
Derivative financial instruments 
Net position 

EUR 
USD 
486,225 
2,448,729 
(296,903)  (2,121,543) 
(321,377) 
(197,080) 
5,809 
(7,758) 

CHF 
14,989 
(42,590) 
27,953 
352 

Total 
Others 
290,504 
3,240,447 
(59,350)  (2,520,386) 
(719,593) 
(229,089) 
468 
2,065 

USD 
EUR 
1,929,758 
174,993 
(291,985)  (1,623,605) 
(350,237) 
116,987 
(44,084) 
(5) 

CHF 
17,509 
(35,701) 
18,614 
422 

Others 
Total 
2,374,137 
251,877 
(105,346)  (2,056,637) 
(360,844) 
(146,208) 
(43,344) 
323 

The  table  above  provides  an  analysis  of  the  Bank’s  main  foreign  currency  exposures.  The  remaining  foreign 
currencies are shown within ‘Others’. The Bank monitors its foreign exchange position for compliance with the 
regulatory requirements of the NBH and its own limit system established in respect of limits on open positions. 
The  measurement  of  the  Bank’s  open  its  currency  position  involves  monitoring  the  VaR  limit  on  the  foreign 
exchange exposure of the Bank.  

In the table Derivative financial instruments are stated at fair value. 

36.4. 

Interest rate risk management 

Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market interest 
rates. The length of time for which the rate of interest is fixed on a financial instrument, therefore, indicates to 
what extent it is exposed to interest rate risk.  

The majority of the Bank's interest bearing assets and liabilities are structured to match either short-term assets 
and short-term liabilities, or long-term assets and liabilities with repricing opportunities within one year, or long-
term assets and corresponding liabilities where repricing is performed simultaneously.  

In  addition,  the  significant  spread  existing  between  the  different  types  of  interest  bearing  assets  and  liabilities 
enables the Bank to benefit from a high level of flexibility in adjusting for its interest rate matching and interest 
rate risk exposure. 

The following table presents the  interest repricing dates of the Bank. Variable yield assets and liabilities have 
been reported in accordance with their next repricing date. Fixed income assets and liabilities have been reported 
in accordance with their maturity. 

95 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.4. 

Interest rate risk management [continued] 

As at 31 December 2021 

ASSETS 

Cash, amounts due from 
banks and balances 
with the National Bank 
of Hungary 

fixed interest 
non-interest-bearing 
Placements with other 

banks 
fixed interest 
variable interest 
non-interest-bearing 
Repo receivables 
fixed interest 
Securities held for 

trading 
fixed interest 
variable interest 
non-interest-bearing 
Securities mandatorily 

measured at fair value 
through profit or loss 

non-interest-bearing 
Securities at fair value 

through other 
comprehensive income 

fixed interest 
variable interest 
non-interest-bearing 

within 1 month 

within 3 months over 1 
month 

within 1 year over 3 
months  

within 2 years over 1 
year 

over 2 years 

Non-interest -bearing 

Total 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

Total 

31,228 
31,228 
- 

1,353,059 
774,315 
578,744 
- 
33,638 
33,638 

1,237 
32 
1,205 
- 

- 
- 

50,774 
2,437 
48,337 
- 

289,008 
289,008 
- 

- 
- 
- 

127,852  148,091 
34,420 
449 
93,432  147,642 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

165,940  31,821 
156,755  2,446 
9,185  29,375 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

664 
487 
177 
- 

- 
- 

22,420 
6,897 
15,523 
- 

-  2,481 
-  2,208 
273 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

-  65,666 
-  57,092 
-  8,574 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

79,243  76,105 
79,243  76,105 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

1,242 
1,242 
- 
- 

360 
360 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

29,677  499,636 
29,677  499,636 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

3,508 
3,508 
- 
- 

22,931 
22,931 
- 
- 

-  133,053 
- 
- 
-  133,053 

21,655 
- 
21,655 

164,281 
31,228 
133,053 

27,178  24,416 
- 
27,178 
- 
- 
-  24,416 
- 
- 
- 
- 

1,478 
1,478 
- 
- 

1,200 
- 
- 
1,200 

4,194  2,133,128 
-  1,352,951 
755,761 
- 
24,416 
4,194 
33,638 
- 
33,638 
- 

532 
- 
- 
532 

28,873 
26,018 
1,655 
1,200 

310,663 
289,008 
21,655 

434,084 
327,273 
102,617 
4,194 
- 
- 

6,760 
6,228 
- 
532 

474,944 
320,236 
154,708 

2,567,212 
1,680,224 
858,378 
28,610 
33,638 
33,638 

35,633 
32,246 
1,655 
1,732 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

-  18,807 
-  18,807 

9,254 
9,254 

18,807 
18,807 

9,254 
9,254 

28,061 
28,061 

432  40,185 
432  40,185 
- 
- 

- 
- 

39,228  289,634 
39,228  289,634 
- 
- 

- 
- 

116,463 
116,463 
- 
- 

528 
- 
- 
528 

16,609 
- 
- 
16,609 

469,207 
396,245 
72,434 
528 

172,732 
156,123 
- 
16,609 

641,939 
552,368 
72,434 
17,137 

96 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.4. 

Interest rate risk management [continued] 

As at 31 December 2021 

ASSETS [continued] 

Loans measured at 
amortised cost 

fixed interest 

variable interest 

non-interest-bearing 

- 

Loans mandatorily 

measured at fair value 
through profit or loss 

variable interest 

Securities at amortised 

cost 

fixed interest 

variable interest 

Other financial assets  

non-interest-bearing 

Derivative financial 

instruments 

fixed interest 

variable interest 

non-interest-bearing 

19,371 

19,371 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,507,306 

1,400,852 

106,454 

- 

within 1 month 

within 3 months over 1 
month 

within 1 year over 3 
months  

within 2 years over 1 
year 

over 2 years 

Non-interest -bearing 

Total 

Total 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

639,477 

339,611  424,299 

1,161,425  53,018 

126,963  185,264 

10,912 

829,049 

89,993  121,277 

51,177  2,252,384 

1,780,081 

4,032,465 

295 

286 

894 

9,746  13,723 

57,602  183,818 

10,912 

819,629 

89,993 

639,182 

339,325  423,405 

1,151,679  39,295 

69,361 

1,446 

- 

- 

- 

7,609 

- 

7,609 

- 

- 

- 

136 

136 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

829 

829 

- 

- 

- 

- 

755 

755 

- 

- 

- 

- 

9,420 

- 

640,921 

640,921 

4,811  304,051 

1,069  215,615 

-  304,051 

1,069  215,615 

343  2,044,502 

343  2,044,502 

4,811 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-  1,018,359 

168,539 

1,186,898 

-  1,112,748 

1,560,365 

2,673,113 

- 

-  121,277 

51,177 

121,277 

51,177 

172,454 

- 

- 

493,038 

493,038 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

662,012 

662,012 

- 

- 

662,012 

662,012 

-  2,564,168 

506,870 

3,071,038 

-  2,564,168 

494,450 

3,058,618 

- 

- 

12,420 

12,420 

-  133,896 

-  133,896 

19,852 

133,896 

19,852 

133,896 

19,852 

19,852 

153,748 

153,748 

1,256,601  395,623 

936,093  675,976 

863,692  10,760 

57,437 

183,617 

54,913  181,095 

675,035  2,954,377 

3,843,771 

6,798,148 

1,133,429  188,144 

551,308  570,718 

861,983  10,760 

57,378 

183,617 

54,913 

123,172  207,479 

384,785  105,258 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,709 

- 

- 

- 

59 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-  2,354,091 

2,659,011 

5,013,102 

- 

419,191 

509,725 

928,916 

- 

-  181,095 

675,035 

181,095 

675,035 

856,130 

97 

 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.4. 

Interest rate risk management [continued] 

As at 31 December 2021 

LIABILITIES 

Amounts due to banks 

and deposits  with the 
National Bank of 
Hungary and other 
banks 
fixed interest 
variable interest 
non-interest-bearing 
Financial liabilities 

designated to measure 
at fair value through 
profit or loss 
variable interest 
Repo liabilities 
fixed interest 
Deposits from customers 
fixed interest 
variable interest 
non-interest-bearing 
Liabilities from issued 

securities 
fixed interest 
variable interest 
Subordinated bonds and 

loans 

variable interest 
Leasing liabilities  
fixed interest 
variable interest 
Other financial liabilities  
non-interest-bearing 
Derivative financial 

instruments 

fixed interest 
variable interest 
non-interest-bearing 

within 1 month 

within 3 months over 1 
month 

within 1 year over 3 
months  

within 2 years over 1 
year 

over 2 years 

Non-interest -bearing 

Total 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

Total 

151,809 
106,028 
45,781 
- 

95,432 
22,624 
72,808 
- 

12,344 
12,344 
- 
- 

10,405  52,872 
10,405  52,872 
- 
- 

- 
- 

577  224,479 
577  224,479 
- 
- 

- 
- 

1,140 
1,140 
- 
- 

471,620 
471,620 
- 
- 

20,133 
20,133 
49,726 
49,726 
7,628,098 
496,069 
7,132,029 
- 

865 
212 
653 

- 
- 
192 
108 
84 
- 
- 

- 
- 
36,854 
36,854 

- 
- 
- 
- 
2,039,650  197,780 
131,836  197,780 
- 
- 

1,907,814 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
18,468  30,063 
18,468  30,063 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

8,514 
- 
8,514 

- 
- 
380 
25 
355 
- 
- 

- 
- 
236 
72 
164 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

85,551 
85,551 
522 
34 
488 
- 
- 

4,696 
4,147 
549 

- 
- 
1,004 
538 
466 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
11,066 
11,066 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

186,225 
186,225 
2,535 
123 
2,412 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

1,676 
1,676 
- 

- 
- 
1,362 
717 
645 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
1,321 
144 
1,177 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

6,402 
6,402 
- 

- 
- 
4,838 
2,118 
2,720 
- 
- 

-  29,684 
- 
- 
- 
- 
-  29,684 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
-  12,948 
- 
- 
- 
- 
-  12,948 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
5,542 
485 
5,057 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
-  156,012 
-  156,012 

841 
- 
- 
841 

942,808 
867,343 
45,781 
29,684 

108,395 
34,746 
72,808 
841 

1,051,203 
902,089 
118,589 
30,525 

- 
- 
- 
- 

20,133 
20,133 
49,726 
49,726 
10,459  7,868,889 
- 
723,912 
-  7,132,029 
12,948 

10,459 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
38,499 
38,499 

22,153 
12,437 
9,716 

- 
- 
7,632 
3,553 
4,079 
156,012 
156,012 

- 
- 
36,854 
36,854 
2,079,643 
161,370 
1,907,814 
10,459 

20,133 
20,133 
86,580 
86,580 
9,948,532 
885,282 
9,039,843 
23,407 

- 
- 
- 

271,776 
271,776 
10,300 
811 
9,489 
38,499 
38,499 

22,153 
12,437 
9,716 

271,776 
271,776 
17,932 
4,364 
13,568 
194,511 
194,511 

840,797 
728,548 
112,249 
- 

2,004,808  220,053 
1,814,645  151,791 
68,262 
- 

190,163 
- 

1,083,211  709,776 
579,843  525,835 
503,368  183,941 
- 
- 

870,457  12,937 
868,689  12,360 
577 
- 

1,768 
- 

54,862 
54,789 
73 
- 

96,350 
96,350 
- 
- 

73,700  411,167 
- 
73,700 
- 
- 
-  411,167 

430,486  2,291,080 
-  1,514,884 
365,029 
- 
411,167 
430,486 

4,517,524 
3,391,666 
695,372 
430,486 

6,808,604 
4,906,550 
1,060,401 
841,653 

NET POSITION 

(5,055,530) 

(2,156,443)  552,306 

1,070,112  335,431 

1,781  288,590 

83,782  3,931,080 

703,821 

4,461 

318,023 

56,338 

21,076 

77,414 

98 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.4.  Interest rate risk management [continued] 

As at 31 December 2020 

within 1 month 

within 3 months over 1 
month 

within 1 year over 3 
months  

within 2 years over 1 
year 

over 2 years 

Non-interest -bearing 

Total 

Total 

ASSETS 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

Cash, amounts due from banks 
and balances with the 
National Bank of Hungary 

fixed interest 

non-interest-bearing 

Placements with other banks 

fixed interest 

variable interest 

non-interest-bearing 

Repo receivables 

fixed interest 

Securities held for trading 

fixed interest 

variable interest 

non-interest-bearing 

Securities mandatorily measured 
at fair value through profit or 
loss 

variable interest 

non-interest-bearing 
Securities at fair value through 

144,030 

144,030 

- 

783,024 

220,175 

562,849 

- 

183,364 

183,364 

1,260 

354 

906 

- 

- 

- 

- 

239,960 

239,960 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-  168,435 

26,695  312,465 

266,655 

579,120 

- 

- 

-  144,030 

239,960 

383,990 

-  168,435 

26,695  168,435 

26,695 

195,130 

80,732  177,155 

189,231  43,239 

64,447  23,378 

3,629  122,035 

27,080  19,194 

2,740  1,168,025 

367,859  1,535,884 

17,719  15,106 

179,174  13,934 

64,447  23,378 

3,629  122,035 

27,080 

63,013  162,049 

10,057  29,305 

- 

- 

- 

526 

- 

526 

- 

5,342 

5,342 

- 

- 

- 

- 

287 

287 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

567 

567 

608 

608 

465  1,250 

465  1,250 

298 

298 

2,983 

2,983 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-  394,628 

292,049 

686,677 

-  754,203 

73,070 

827,273 

- 

-  19,194 

2,740 

19,194 

2,740 

21,934 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-  183,364 

-  183,364 

1,095 

1,926 

464 

- 

- 

- 

- 

8,314 

5,482 

906 

1,926 

464 

1,926 

1,095 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3,415 

2,425 

526 

464 

183,364 

183,364 

11,729 

7,907 

1,432 

2,390 

-  18,470 

8,124 

18,470 

13,466 

31,936 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-  18,470 

8,124 

18,470 

5,342 

8,124 

5,342 

26,594 

other comprehensive income 

79,240 

fixed interest 

variable interest 

non-interest-bearing 

600 

78,640 

- 

5,717  16,218 

5,717 

673 

-  15,545 

- 

- 

-  111,153 

-  100,003 

-  11,150 

- 

- 

10,223  3,533 

19,578  551,328 

10,223  3,533 

19,578  551,328 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

99,229 

99,229 

- 

- 

528 

15,203  762,000 

149,950 

911,950 

- 

- 

-  656,137 

134,747 

790,884 

-  105,335 

- 

105,335 

528 

15,203 

528 

15,203 

15,731 

99 

 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.4. 

Interest rate risk management [continued] 

As at 31 December 2020 

ASSETS [continued] 

within 1 month 

within 3 months over 1 
month 

within 1 year over 3 
months  

within 2 years over 1 
year 

over 2 years 

Non-interest -
bearing 

Total 

Total 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency  HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

Loans measured at amortised cost 

555,311 

252,682  391,295 

1,112,003  54,263 

66,998  45,539 

15,984 

709,929 

56,172  125,861 

31,723  1,882,198 

1,535,562  3,417,760 

2,769 

8,967 

1,285 

74,088  11,731 

8,970  33,604 

15,984 

700,585 

56,172 

fixed interest 

variable interest 

non-interest-bearing 

Loans mandatorily measured at 
fair value through profit or loss 

variable interest 

Securities at amortised cost 

fixed interest 

Other financial assets  

non-interest-bearing 

552,542 

243,715  390,010 

1,037,915  42,532 

58,028  11,935 

- 

24,870 

24,870 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

59 

59 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

334 

334 

1,065  38,112 

1,065  38,112 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

368 

368 

-  393,442 

-  393,442 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Derivative financial instruments 

936,413 

706,442  880,140 

378,405  557,115 

419,548  26,738 

fixed interest 

variable interest 

non-interest-bearing 

920,404 

16,010 

- 

567,652  658,754 

183,228  559,258 

387,941  26,799 

138,790  221,387 

195,178 

(2,143) 

31,607 

(61) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

9,344 

- 

455,306 

455,306 

- 

- 

- 

1,092  1,551,614 

1,092  1,551,614 

22,367 

22,367 

- 

- 

- 

749,974 

164,181 

914,155 

-  1,006,363 

1,339,658  2,346,021 

-  125,861 

31,723 

125,861 

31,723 

157,584 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

480,937 

480,937 

- 

- 

480,937 

480,937 

-  1,983,168 

24,524  2,007,692 

-  1,983,168 

24,524  2,007,692 

- 

- 

7,333 

7,333 

- 

- 

- 

- 

39,765 

40,012 

(247) 

- 

-  112,055 

15,124 

112,055 

15,124 

127,179 

-  112,055 

15,124 

112,055 

15,124 

127,179 

101,640  733,551 

248,095  3,173,724 

1,861,463  5,035,187 

101,640 

- 

- 

- 

-  2,205,227 

1,247,793  3,453,020 

- 

234,945 

365,575 

600,520 

-  733,551 

248,095 

733,551 

248,095 

981,646 

100 

 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.4. 

Interest rate risk management [continued] 

As at 31 December 2020 

LIABILITIES 

Amounts due to banks and 
deposits  with the National Bank 
of Hungary and other banks 
fixed interest 
variable interest 
non-interest-bearing 
Financial liabilities designated to 
measure at fair value through 
profit or loss 
fixed interest 
variable interest 
Repo liabilities 
variable interest 
Deposits from customers 
fixed interest 
variable interest 
non-interest-bearing 
Liabilities from issued securities 
fixed interest 
variable interest 
Subordinated bonds and loans 
variable interest 
Leasing liabilities  
fixed interest 
variable interest 
Other financial liabilities  
non-interest-bearing 
Derivative financial instruments 
fixed interest 
variable interest 
non-interest-bearing 

within 1 month 

within 3 months over 1 
month 

within 1 year over 3 
months  

within 2 years over 1 
year 

over 2 years 

Non-interest -bearing 

Total 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency  HUF 

foreign 
currency 

HUF 

foreign 
currency 

Total 

106,883 
36,937 
69,946 
- 

25,902 
79 
25,823 
- 
- 
6,211,090 
325,464 
5,885,626 
- 
3,090 
213 
2,877 
- 
- 
149 
103 
46 
- 
- 
1,264,723 
1,111,371 
153,351 
- 

86,885 
15,136 
71,749 
- 

12,008 
12,008 
- 
- 

40,429 
8,569 
31,860 
- 

3,363 
3,363 
- 
- 

7,491  39,270 
1,490  39,270 
- 
6,001 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

467,479 
467,479 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

1,678 
- 
- 
1,678 

1,491  630,681 
-  559,057 
69,946 
- 
1,678 
1,491 

136,296 
25,195 
109,610 
1,491 

766,977 
584,252 
179,556 
3,169 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
1,404,362  133,886 
116,385  133,886 
- 
- 
11,691 
- 
11,691 
- 
- 
260 
69 
191 
- 
- 
383,260  1,035,481 
376,748  648,762 
6,512  386,719 
- 

1,287,977 
- 
221 
- 
221 
- 
- 
187 
11 
176 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
15,540  101,496 
15,540  101,496 
- 
- 
- 
- 
4,502 
414 
3,500 
- 
1,002 
414 
- 
120,153 
- 
120,153 
1,267 
477 
528 
40 
739 
437 
- 
- 
- 
- 
206,796  479,506 
188,722  481,293 
(1,787) 
- 

18,074 
- 

- 
- 
- 
109,612 
109,612 
13,367 
13,367 
- 
- 
721 
- 
721 
184,090 
184,090 
2,082 
170 
1,912 
- 
- 
492,403 
469,699 
22,704 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
227 
227 
- 
- 
4,098 
4,098 
- 
- 
- 
1,333 
707 
626 
- 
- 
9,453 
9,514 
(61) 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
1,233 
65 
1,168 
- 
- 
24,907 
24,907 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
3,698 
3,698 
- 
- 
- 
5,747 
2,796 
2,951 
- 
- 
49,757 
50,004 
(247) 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
-  10,782 
- 
- 
- 
- 
-  10,782 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
1,371 
- 
37 
- 
1,334 
-  138,508 
-  138,508 
89,983  724,945 
- 
89,802 
- 
181 
-  724,945 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

25,902 
79 
25,823 
- 
- 
4,985  6,457,481 
-  561,073 
-  5,885,626 
10,782 
27,079 
11,509 
15,570 
- 
- 
8,756 
4,203 
4,553 
29,032  138,508 
29,032  138,508 
253,430  3,563,865 
-  2,300,945 
-  537,975 
253,430  724,945 

4,985 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

145,292 

- 
- 
- 
109,612 
109,612 

25,902 
79 
25,823 
109,612 
109,612 
1,438,254  7,895,735 
706,365 
1,287,977  7,173,603 
15,767 
28,435 
11,509 
16,926 
304,243 
304,243 
14,106 
4,526 
9,580 
167,540 
167,540 
1,450,778  5,014,643 
1,149,878  3,450,822 
585,446 
978,374 

4,985 
1,356 
- 
1,356 
304,243 
304,243 
5,350 
323 
5,027 
29,032 
29,032 

47,471 
253,430 

NET POSITION 

(4,904,324) 

(583,514)  271,828 

1,297,462  214,690 

(248,085)  439,867 

21,774  2,906,279 

216,230  304,108 

59,231  (767,552) 

763,097 

(4,455) 

101 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.5.  Market risk 

The Bank takes on exposure to market risks. Market risks arise from open positions in interest rate, currency and 
equity products, all of which are exposed to general and specific market movements. The Bank applies a Value-
at-Risk ("VaR") methodology to estimate  the  market risk of positions held and the maximum losses expected, 
based  upon  a  number  of  assumptions  for  various  changes  in  market  conditions.  The  Management  Board  sets 
limits on the value of risk that may be accepted, which is monitored on a daily basis. (Analysis of liquidity risk, 
foreign currency risk and interest rate risk is detailed in Notes 36.2, 36.3 and 36.4 respectively.) 

36.5.1.  Market risk sensitivity analysis 

The VaR risk measure estimates the potential loss in pre-tax profit over a given holding period for a  specified 
confidence  level.  The  VaR  methodology  is  a  statistically  defined,  probability-based  approach  that  takes  into 
account  market  volatilities  as  well  as  risk  diversification  by  recognizing  offsetting  positions  and  correlations 
between  products  and  markets.  Risks  can  be  measured  consistently  across  all  markets  and  products,  and  risk 
measures can be aggregated to arrive at a single risk number. The one-day 99% VaR number used by the Group 
reflects the 99% probability that the daily loss will not exceed the reported VaR. 

VaR methodologies are employed to calculate daily risk numbers include the historical and variance-covariance 
approach.  The  diversification  effect  has  not  been  validated  among  the  various  market  risk  types  when  capital 
calculation happens.  

The VaR of the trading portfolio can be summarized as follows (in HUF mn):    

Historical VaR (99%, one-day) by risk type 

Average 

2021 

2020 

Foreign exchange 
Interest rate 
Equity instruments 
Diversification 
Total VaR exposure 

1,560 
135 
20 
- 
1,715 

1,507 
77 
141 
- 
1,725 

While VaR captures the OTP’s daily exposure to currency and interest rate risk, sensitivity analysis evaluates the 
impact of a reasonably possible change in interest or foreign currency rates over a year. The longer time frame of 
sensitivity  analysis  complements  VaR  and  helps  the  OTP  to  assess  its  market  risk  exposures.  Details  of 
sensitivity analysis for foreign currency risk are set out in Note 36.5.2., for interest rate risk in Note 36.5.3., and 
for equity price sensitivity analysis in Note 36.5.4. 

102 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 35: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.5.  Market risk [continued] 

36.5.2.  Foreign currency sensitivity analysis 

The  Bank  changed  its  methodology  of  foreign  currency  sensitivity  analysis  and  has  been  using  a 
historical  VaR  calculation  since  31  March  2021.  The  former  Monte  Carlo  simulation  represented  the 
Group’s sensitivity to the rise and fall in the HUF exchange rate against EUR, over a 3 months period. 
The  sensitivity  analysis  included  only  outstanding  foreign  currency  denominated  monetary  items  as 
strategic open positions related to foreign activities. In line with the Management's intention, the former 
EUR -310 million strategic open position was fully closed as of 31 March 2021. 

Since  the  closing  of  the  strategic  open position,  the  Group  has  been  using  a  historical  VaR  calculation 
with  1  day  holding  period.  The  analysis  includes  the  same  net  open  foreign  exchange  position  as  used 
under the internal capital adequacy assessment process (ICAAP). The VaR methodology is a statistically 
defined,  probability-based  approach  that  takes  into  account  market  volatilities  as  well  as  risk 
diversification by recognizing offsetting positions and correlations between products and markets. 

Additionally,  the  Bank  determines  the  foreign  currency  risk  of  assets  evaluated  through  the  Other 
Comprehensive  Income  (OCI),  which  includes  securities  valuated  on  FVOCI  and  the  foreign  currency 
translation reserves. 

The following table shows the result of the foreign currency sensitivity analysis. Numbers below indicate 
the expected daily profit or loss of the portfolio beside the given confidence level. 

Probability 

1% 
5% 
25% 
50% 
25% 
5% 
1% 

Effects to the P&L in 3 months period 
2020 
2021 
In HUF billion 
In HUF billion 
(178) 
(119) 
(39) 
2 
49 
126 
187 

(274) 
(151) 
(44) 
4 
57 
157 
197 

Notes: 

(1)  Historical  VaR  simulation  is  based  on  the  empirical  distribution  of  the  historical  exchange  rate 
movements between 31 December 2020 and 31 December 2021. 

103 

 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 35: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.5.  Market risk [continued] 

36.5.3.  Interest rate sensitivity analysis 

The sensitivity analyses below have been determined based on the exposure to interest rates for both derivatives 
and non-derivative instruments at the balance sheet date. The analysis is prepared assuming the amount of assets 
and  liabilities  outstanding  at  the  balance  sheet  date  was  outstanding  for  the  whole  year.  The  analysis  was 
prepared by assuming only adverse interest rate changes. The main assumptions were as follows: 

● Floating rate assets and liabilities were repriced to the modelled benchmark yields at the repricing 

dates assuming the unchanged margin compared to the last repricing. 

● Fixed rate assets and liabilities were repriced at the contractual maturity date.  

● As for liabilities with discretionary repricing feature by the Bank were assumed to be repriced with 

two-weeks delay, assuming no change in the margin compared to the last repricing date. 

● Deposits with an interest rate lower than 0.3% even at high market rates were assumed to be 

unchanged for the whole period. 

The  sensitivity  of  interest  income  to  changes  in  BUBOR  was  analysed  by  assuming  two  interest  rate  path 
scenarios: 

 (1) HUF base rate and BUBOR increases gradually by 100 bps over the next year (probable scenario) 

 (2) HUF base rate and BUBOR decreases gradually by 50 bps over the next year (alternative scenario) 

The  net  interest  income  in  a  one  year  period  after  1  January  2022  would  be  increased  by  HUF  1,238  million 
(probable scenario) and decreased by HUF 919 million (alternative scenario) as a result of these simulation. The 
same simulation indicated HUF 1,476 million (probable scenario) and HUF 6,420 million (alternative scenario) 
decrease in the Net interest income in a one year period after 1 January 2021. This effect is counterbalanced by 
capital  gains  HUF  -619  million  (or  probable  scenario),  HUF  322  million  (for  alternative  scenario)  as  at  31 
December 2021 and (HUF 584 million for probable scenario, HUF 2,329 million for alternative scenario as at 31 
December 2020) on the government bond portfolio held for hedging (economic). 

Furthermore, the effects of an instant 10bps parallel shift of the HUF, EUR and USD yield-curves on net interest 
income over a one-year period and on the market value of the hedge government bond portfolio booked against 
capital was analysed. The results can be summarized as follows (in HUF million): 

2021 

2020 

Description 

Effects to the net 
interest income 
(one-year period) 

HUF (0.1%) parallel shift  
HUF 0.1% parallel shift  
EUR (0.1%) parallel shift  
USD (0.1%) parallel shift  
Total 

(25) 
(40) 
(483) 
(23) 
(546) 

Effects to the net 
interest income (one-
year period) 
64 
(64) 
- 
- 
(64) 

Effects to the net 
interest income 
(one-year period) 
(1,991) 
1,715 
(676) 
(165) 
(2,832) 

Effects to the net 
interest income 
(one-year period) 

389 
389 
- 
- 
389 

104 

 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.5.  Market risk [continued] 

36.5.4.  Equity price sensitivity analysis 

The following table shows the effect of the equity price sensitivity. The Bank uses VaR calculation with 1 day 
holding period and a 99% confidence level. The VaR methodology is a  statistically defined, probability-based 
approach  that  takes  into  account  market  volatilities  as  well  as  risk  diversification  by  recognizing  offsetting 
positions  and  correlations  between  products  and  markets.  The  daily  loss  will  not  exceed  the  reported  VaR 
number with 99% of probability. 

The stress test assumes the largest price movement of the last year and calculates with it as the adverse direction. 
These scenarios show the loss of the portfolio when all prices change with the maximum amount of the last year. 

Description 
VaR (99%, one day, million HUF) 
Stress test (million HUF) 

2021 
12 
(21) 

2020 
141 
(233) 

36.6.  Capital management 

Capital management 

The  primary  objective  of  the  capital  management  of  the  Bank  is  to  ensure  the  prudent  operation,  the  entire 
compliance  with  the  prescriptions  of  the  regulator  for  a  persistent  business  operation  and  maximising  the 
shareholder value, accompanied by an optimal financing structure. 

The  capital  management  of  the  Bank  includes  the  management  and  evaluation  of  the  shareholders`  equity 
available for hedging risks, other types of funds to be recorded in the equity and all material risks to be covered 
by the capital.  

The  basis  of  the  capital  management  of  the  Bank  in  the  short  run  is  the  continuous  monitoring  of  its  capital 
position, in the long run the strategic and the business planning, which includes the monitoring and forecast of 
the capital position of the Bank.  

The Bank maintains the capital adequacy required by the regulatory bodies and the planned risk taking mainly by 
means of ensuring and developing its profitability. In case the planned risk level of the Bank exceeded its Core 
and Supplementary capital, the Bank ensures the prudent operation by occasional measures. A further tool in the 
capital management of the Bank is the dividend policy, and the transactions performed with the treasury shares. 

Capital adequacy 

The  Capital  Requirements  Directive  package  (CRDIV/CRR)  transposes  the  global  standards  on  banking 
regulation  (commonly  known  as  the  Basel  III  agreement)  into  the  EU  legal  framework.  The  rules  are  applied 
from 1 January 2014. They set stronger prudential requirements for institutions, requiring them to keep sufficient 
capital  reserves  and  liquidity.  This  framework  makes  institutions  in  the  EU  more  solid  and  strengthens  their 
capacity to adequately manage the risks linked to their activities, and absorb any losses they may incur in doing 
business.  

The Bank has entirely complied with the regulatory capital requirements in 2021 as well as in 2020. 

The Bank’s capital adequacy calculation is in line with IFRS and based on Basel III as at 31 December 2021 and 
2020. The Bank uses the standard method for determining the regulatory capital requirements of the credit risk 
and market risk while in case of the operational risk the Advanced Measurement Approach (AMA).  

105 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

36.6.  Capital management [continued] 

Capital adequacy [continued]1 

The calculation of the Capital Adequacy ratio as at 31 December 2021 and 2020 is as follows: 

Core capital (Tier 1) 
Primary core capital (CET1) 
Supplementary capital (Tier 2) 

Regulatory capital 

Credit risk capital requirement 
Market risk capital requirement 
Operational risk capital requirement 

Total eligible regulatory capital 
Surplus capital 
CET 1 ratio 
Capital adequacy ratio 

Basel III:  

Common equity Tier 1 capital (CET1):  

2021 
Basel III 

2020  
Basel III 

1,747,480 
1,747,480 
264,396 

1,598,295 
1,598,295 
295,795 

2,011,876 

1,894,090 

603,253 
7,519 
31,629 

642,401 
1,369,475 
21.76% 
25.05% 

526,283 
11,550 
27,597 

565,430 
1,328,660 
22.61% 
26.80% 

Issued  capital,  Capital  reserve,  useable  part  of  Tied-up  reserve,  General  reserve,  Profit  reserve,  Profit  for  the 
year, Treasury shares, Intangible assets, deductions due to investments, adjustments due to temporary disposals 

Tier 2 capital:  

Subsidiary loan capital, Subordinated loan capital, deductions due to repurchased loan capital and Subordinated 
loan capital issued by the OTP Bank, adjustments due to temporary disposals. 

1 The dividend amount planned to pay out after the profit of financial year 2019, 2020 and 2021 is also deducted from CET 1 capital. 

106 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

TRANSFER AND RECLASSIFICATION OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF 
mn) 

Reclassification  from  securities  held-for-trading  to  securities  measured  at  fair  value  through  other 
comprehensive income 

As at 31 December 2021 

Date of 
reclassification 

Reason 

Type of 
securities 

Nominal value 
at 
reclassification 

Fair value at the 
date of 
reclassification 

EIR at the date 
of 
reclassification 

Interest 
income 

1 September 
2018 

Change in 
business 
model 

retail 
hungarian 
government 
bonds 

1,069 

1,087 

2%-3% 

38 

During the  year 2018, securities issued by the  Hungarian Government with the nominal value of HUF 66.506 
million  were  transferred  from  the  trading  portfolio  to  the  securities  measured  at  fair  value  through  other 
comprehensive income, of which HUF 1,087 million remaining amount was presented as at 31 December 2021. 
The  Bank  has  previously  held  retail  government  bonds  in  the  portfolio  measured  at  fair  value  through  other 
comprehensive  income.  During  2018  the  Bank  changed  the  business  model  of  the  retail  government  bonds  to 
manage all on the basis of a single business model aimed at collecting the future contractual cash flows and/or 
selling them. 

In 2018, the terms and conditions of sale of retail government bonds and the pricing environment have changed 
significantly,  as  a  result  of  which  the  Bank  is  no  longer  able  to  maintain  its  sole  trading  intent  with  these 
securities  that  the  Bank  applied  earlier.  Furthermore  there  is  an  option-agreement  between  the  Bank  and  the 
Government  Debt  Management  Agency  (“GDMA”)  that  GDMA  will  buy  back  this  portfolio  therefore  it  has 
been reclassified. 

Financial assets transferred but not derecognised 

2021 

2020 

Transferred 
assets 

Associated 
liabilities 

Transferred 
assets 

Associated 
liabilities 

Carrying amount 

Financial assets at amortised cost 
Debt securities 

Total: 

Total: 

88,181 
88,181 

86,580 
86,580 

125,244 
125,244 

109,612 
109,612 

88,181 

86,580 

125,244 

109,612 

As at 31 December 2021 and 2020, the Bank had obligation from repurchase agreements about  HUF 87 billion 
and HUF 110 billion respectively. Securities sold temporarily under repurchase agreements will continue to be 
recognized in the Statement of Financial Position of the Bank in the appropriate securities category. The related 
liability  is  measured  at  amortized  cost  in  the  Statement  of  Financial  Position  as  ’Amounts  due  to  banks  and 
deposits  from  the  National  Bank  of  Hungary  and  other  banks’.  Under  these  repurchase  agreements  only 
Hungarian and foreign government bonds were transferred. 

107 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 38: 

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ITEMS (in HUF mn) 

In the normal course of business, the Bank becomes a party to various financial transactions that are not reflected 
on  the  statement  of  financial  position  and  are  referred  to  as  off-balance  sheet  financial  instruments.  The 
following represents notional amounts of these off-balance sheet financial instruments, unless stated otherwise. 

Contingent liabilities and commitments 

Loan commitments 
Guarantees arising from banking activities 
from this: Payment undertaking liabilities (related to issue of mortgage 

bonds) of OTP Mortgage Bank 

Factoring loan commitments 
Confirmed letters of credit 
Contingent liabilities and commitments total in accordance with IFRS 9 
Legal disputes (disputed value) 
Contingent liabilities related to payments from shares in venture capital fund 
Other 
Contingent liabilities and commitments total in accordance with IAS 37 
Total 

Legal disputes 

2021 

2020  

1,677,030 
1,507,917 

746,476 
423,673 
30,381 
3,639,001 
3,204 
47,550 
408 
51,162 
3,690,163 

1,441,060 
1,419,543 

683,736 
305,269 
5,039 
3,170,911 
4,720 
32,712 
602 
38,034 
3,208,945 

At the balance sheet date the Bank was involved in various claims and legal proceedings of a nature considered 
normal to its business.  The level of these claims and legal proceedings corresponds to the level of claims and 
legal proceedings in previous years.  

The  Bank  believes  that  the  various  asserted  claims  and  litigations  in  which  it  is  involved  will  not  materially 
affect  its  financial  position,  future  operating  results  or  cash  flows,  although  no  assurance  can  be  given  with 
respect to the ultimate outcome of any such claim or litigation.  

Provision due to legal disputes was HUF 259 million and HUF 199 million as at 2021 and 2020, respectively. 
(See Note 24.) 

Commitments to extend credit, guarantees and letter of credit 

The  primary  purpose  of  these  instruments  is  to  ensure  that  funds  are  available  to  a  customer  as  required. 
Guarantees  and  standby  letters  of  credit,  which  represent  irrevocable  assurances  that  the  Bank  will  make 
payments in the event that a customer cannot meet its obligations to third parties, carry the same credit risk as 
loans.  

Documentary  and  commercial  letters  of  credit,  which  are  written  undertakings  by  the  Bank  on  behalf  of  a 
customer authorising a third party to draw drafts on the Bank up to a stipulated amount under specific terms and 
conditions, are collateralised by the underlying shipments of goods to which they relate and therefore carry less 
risk than a direct borrowing.  

Commitments to extend credit represent unused portions of authorisations to extend credit in the form of loans, 
guarantees  or  letters  of  credit.  With  respect  to  credit  risk  on  commitments  to  extend  credit,  the  Bank  is 
potentially exposed to loss in an amount equal to the total unused commitments. However, the likely amount of 
loss  is  less  than  the  total  unused  commitments  since  most  commitments  to  extend  credit  are  contingent  upon 
customers maintaining specific credit standards. 

Guarantees,  irrevocable  letters  of  credit  and  undrawn  loan  commitments  are  subject  to  similar  credit  risk 
monitoring and credit policies as utilised in the extension of loans. The  Management of the  Bank believes the 
market risk associated with guarantees, irrevocable letters of credit and undrawn loan commitments are minimal. 

108 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 38: 

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ITEMS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Guarantees, payment undertakings arising from banking activities 

Payment undertaking is a promise by the Bank to assume responsibility for the  debt obligation of a borrower if 
that  borrower defaults  until  a  determined  amount  and until  a  determined  date,  in  case  of  fulfilling  conditions, 
without checking the underlying transactions. The guarantee’s liability is joint and primary with the principal, in 
case of payment undertaking, while the  Bank assumes the obligation derived from guarantee independently by 
the conditions established by the Bank. A guarantee is most typically required when the ability of the primary 
obligor or  principal to perform its obligations under a  contract is in question, or when there is some public or 
private  interest  which  requires  protection  from  the  consequences  of  the  principal's  default  or  delinquency.  A 
contract of guarantee is subject to the  statute of frauds (or its equivalent local laws) and is only enforceable if 
recorded in writing and signed by the surety and the principal. 

If the  surety is required to pay or perform due to the principal's failure to do so, the law will usually give the 
surety  a  right  of  subrogation,  allowing  the  surety  to  use  the  surety's  contractual  rights  to  recover  the  cost  of 
making  payment  or  performing  on  the  principal's  behalf,  even  in  the  absence  of  an  express  agreement  to  that 
effect between the surety and the principal. 

Contingent liabilities related to OTP Mortgage Bank Ltd. 

Under  a  syndication  agreement  with  its  wholly  owned  subsidiary,  OTP  Mortgage  Bank  Ltd.,  the  Bank  had 
guaranteed, in return for an annual fee, to purchase all mortgage  loans held by OTP Mortgage Bank Ltd. that 
become  non-performing.  The  repurchase  guarantee  contract  of  non-performing  loans  between  OTP  Mortgage 
Bank  Ltd.  and  OTP  Bank  Plc.  was  modified  in  2010.  According  to  the  arrangement  the  repurchase  guarantee 
was cancelled and OTP Bank Plc. gives bail to the loans originated or purchased by the Bank. 

NOTE 39: 

SHARE-BASED PAYMENT AND EMPLOYEE BENEFIT (in HUF mn) 

Previously approved option program required a modification thanks to the introduction of the Bank Group Policy 
on  Payments  accepted  in  resolution  of  Annual  General  Meeting  regarding  to  the  amendment  of  CRD  III. 
Directives and Act on Credit Institutions and Financial Enterprises. 

Key  management  personnel  affected  by  the  Bank  Group  Policy  receive  compensation  based  on  performance 
assessment generally in the form of cash bonus and equity shares in a ratio of 50-50%. Assignment is based on 
OTP  shares,  furthermore  performance  based  payments  are  deferred  in  accordance  with  the  rules  of  Credit 
Institutions Act.  

OTP Bank ensures the share-based payment part for the management personnel of OTP Group members. 

During  implementation  of  the  Remuneration  Policy  of  the  Group  it  became  apparent  that  in  case  of  certain 
foreign subsidiaries it is not possible to ensure the originally determined share-based payment because of legal 
reasons – incompatible with relevant EU-directives –, therefore a decision was made to cancel the share-based 
payment in affected countries, and virtual share based payment – cash payment fixed to share price - was made 
from 2017. In case of foreign subsidiaries virtual share based payment was made uniformly from 2021 (in case 
of payments related to 2021). 

The  quantity  of  usable  shares  for  individuals  calculated  for  settlement  of  share-based  payment  shall  be 
determined as the ratio of the amount of share-based payment and share price determined by Supervisory Board. 

The  value  of  the  share-based  payment  at  the  performance  assessment  is  determined  within  10  days  by 
Supervisory  Board  based  on  the  average  of  the  three  previous  trade  day’s  middle  rate  of  OTP  Bank’s  equity 
shares fixed on the Budapest Stock Exchange. 

At  the  same  time  the  conditions  of discounted  share-based  payment  are determined,  and  share-based  payment 
shall contain maximum HUF 6,000 discount at the assessment date, and earnings for the shares at the payment 
date is maximum HUF 12,000. 

Employee  benefits  are  all  forms  of  consideration  given  by  an  entity  in  exchange  for  service  rendered  by 
employees or for the termination of employment. IAS 19 Employee Benefits shall be applied in  accounting for 
all employee benefits, except those to which IFRS 2 Share-based Payment applies. 

Short-term  employee  benefits  are  employee  benefits  (other  than  termination  benefits)  that  are  expected  to  be 
settled wholly before twelve months after the end of the annual reporting period in which the employees render 
the  related  service.  Post-employment  benefits  are  employee  benefits  (other  than  termination  and  short-term 
employee  benefits)  that  are  payable  after  the  completion  of  employment.  Post-employment  benefit  plans  are 
formal  or  informal  arrangements  under  which  an  entity  provides  post-employment  benefits  for  one  or  more 
employees. Post-employment benefit plans are classified as either defined contribution plans or defined benefit 
plans, depending on the economic substance of the plan as derived from its principal terms and conditions. 

109 

 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 39: 

SHARE-BASED PAYMENT AND EMPLOYEE BENEFIT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Termination  benefits  are  employee  benefits  provided  in  exchange  for  the  termination  of  an  employee’s 
employment as a result of either: an entity’s decision to terminate an employee’s employment before the normal 
retirement  date  or  an  employee’s  decision  to  accept  an  offer  of  benefits  in  exchange  for  the  termination  of 
employment.  Other  long-term  employee  benefits  are  all  employee  benefits  other  than  short-term  employee 
benefits, postemployment benefits and termination benefits. 

The  parameters  for  the  share-based  payment  relating  to  ongoing  years  2016-2020  by  Supervisory  Board  for 
periods of each year as follows: 

Share purchasing at a 
discounted price 

Year 

Exercise 
price 

Maximum 
earnings per 
share 

Price of 
remuneration 
exchanged to 
share 

Share purchasing at a 
discounted price 

Exercise 
price 

Maximum 
earnings per 
share 

Price of 
remuneration 
exchanged to 
share 

Share purchasing at a 
discounted price 

Exercise 
price 

Maximum 
earnings per 
share 

Price of 
remuneration 
exchanged to 
share 

2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 

for the year 2016 
2,500 
3,000 
3,500 
4,000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

7,200 
7,200 
7,200 
7,200 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

9,200 
9,200 
9,200 
9,200 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
8,064 
8,064 
8,064 
8,064 
8,064 
- 
- 
- 

HUF per share 
for the year 2017 

for the year 2018 

- 
3,000 
3,500 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
- 
- 
- 

- 
10,064 
10,064 
10,064 
10,064 
10,064 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
10,413 
10,413 
10,413 
10,913 
10,913 
10,913 
10,913 

- 
- 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 

- 
- 
12,413 
12,413 
12,413 
12,413 
12,413 
12,413 
12,413 

Share purchasing at a discounted price  Price of remuneration 
exchanged to share 

Share purchasing at a discounted price  Price of remuneration 
exchanged to share 

Year 

Exercise price 

Maximum earnings 
per share 

Exercise price 

Maximum earnings 
per share 

for the year 2019 

for the year 2020 

HUF per share 

2020 
2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 

9,553 
9,553 
9,553 
9,553 
9,553 
9,553 
9,553 
- 

4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
- 

11,553 
11,553 
11,553 
11,553 
11,553 
11,553 
11,553 
- 

- 
12,644 
12,644 
13,644 
13,644 
13,644 
13,644 
13,644 

- 
9,000 
8,000 
8,000 
8,000 
8,000 
8,000 
8,000 

- 
16,644 
16,644 
16,644 
16,644 
16,644 
16,644 
16,644 

Relevant factors considered during measurement of fair value related to share-based payment as follows: 

Year 

2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 

Reference 
price 

Assumed 
volatility 

9,200 
10,064 
12,413 
11,553 
16,644 

21.3% 
26.0% 
19.2% 
33.6% 
28.6% 

1Y 
0.1% 
0.2% 
0.2% 
0.6% 
1.0% 

Risk-free interest rate (HUF) 
4Y 
1.0% 
1.3% 
1.1% 
0.6% 
1.9% 

5Y 
1.3% 
1.6% 
1.3% 
0.8% 
2.0% 

3Y 
0.7% 
1.0% 
0.9% 
0.5% 
1.8% 

2Y 
0.5% 
0.6% 
0.7% 
0.4% 
1.6% 

6Y 
1.3% 
1.9% 
1.4% 
0.9% 
2.1% 

7Y 
1.3% 
2.1% 
1.6% 
1.0% 
2.1% 

Év 

2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 

1Y 

219 
219 
252 
219 
371 

Expected dividends (HUF/Share) 
6Y 
4Y 
2Y 

5Y 

3Y 

219 
219 
290 
252 
321 

252 
219 
333 
290 
357 

290 
219 
383 
333 
393 

334 
219 
440 
383 
432 

384 
219 
507 
440 
475 

Pricing 
model 

7Y 

442  Binomial 
219  Binomial 
583  Binomial 
507  Binomial 
523  Binomial 

110 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 39: 

SHARE-BASED PAYMENT AND EMPLOYEE BENEFIT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Based  on  parameters  accepted  by  Supervisory  Board,  relating  to  the  year  2016  effective  pieces  are  follows  As  at  31 
December 2021: 

Approved 
pieces of shares 

Exercised until 
31 December 
2021 

Weighted 
average share 
price at the 
date of exercise 
(in HUF) 

Expired 
pieces  

Exercisable at 31 
December 2021 

Share-purchasing period started in 2017 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2017 

Share-purchasing period started in 2018 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2018 

Share-purchasing period started in 2019 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2019 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2020 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2020 

147,984 

147,984 

4,288 

4,288 

321,528 

321,528 

8,241 

8,241 

161,446 

161,446 

4,033 

4,033 

166,231 

166,231 

4,303 

4,303 

9,544 

9,194 

10,387 

10,098 

12,415 

11,813 

13,629 

11,897 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Based  on  parameters  accepted  by  Supervisory  Board,  relating  to  the  year  2017  effective  pieces  are  follows  As  at  31 
December 2021: 

Approved 
pieces of shares 

Exercised until 
31 December 
2021 

Weighted 
average share 
price at the 
date of exercise 
(in HUF) 

Expired 
pieces  

Exercisable at 31 
December 2021 

Share-purchasing period started in 2018 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2018 

Share-purchasing period started in 2019 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2019 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2020 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2020 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2021 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2021 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2022 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2022 

108,243 

11,926 

212,282 

26,538 

101,571 

11,584 

109,460 

11,531 

- 

- 

108,243 

11,926 

212,282 

26,538 

101,565 

11,584 

106,719 

11,531 

- 

- 

11,005 

10,098 

12,096 

11,813 

12,084 

11,897 

16,441 

16,477 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

6 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,741 

- 

42,820 

3,003 

111 

 
 
 
  
 
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 39: 

SHARE-BASED PAYMENT AND EMPLOYEE BENEFIT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Based  on  parameters  accepted  by  Supervisory  Board,  relating  to  the  year  2018  effective  pieces  are  follows  As  at  31 
December 2021: 

Approved 
pieces of shares 

Exercised until 
31 December 
2021 

Weighted 
average share 
price at the 
date of exercise 
(in HUF) 

Expired 
pieces  

Exercisable at 31 
December 2021 

Share-purchasing period started in 2019 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2019 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2020 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2020 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2021 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2021 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2022 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2022 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2023 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2023 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2024 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2025 

82,854 

17,017 

82,854 

17,017 

150,230 

150,230 

33,024 

73,799 

14,618 

33,024 

73,799 

14,618 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

13,843 

11,829 

14,294 

11,897 

16,314 

16,468 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

99,341 

17,042 

45,155 

4,114 

864 

432 

Based  on  parameters  accepted  by  Supervisory  Board,  relating  to  the  year  2019  effective  pieces  are  follows  As  at  31 
December 2021: 

Approved 
pieces of shares 

Exercised until 
31 December 
2021 

Weighted 
average share 
price at the 
date of exercise 
(in HUF) 

91,403 

22,806 

201,273 

30,834 

91,403 

22,806 

192,577 

30,834 

12,218 

11,897 

16,523 

17,618 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Share-purchasing period started in 2020 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2020 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2021 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2021 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2022 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2022 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2023 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2023 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2024 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2024 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2025 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2026 

Expired 
pieces  

Exercisable at 31 
December 2021 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

8,696 

- 

109,567 

15,554 

125,771 

18,025 

44,421 

6,279 

1,000 

500 

112 

 
 
  
 
  
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 39: 

SHARE-BASED PAYMENT AND EMPLOYEE BENEFIT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Based  on  parameters  accepted  by  Supervisory  Board,  relating  to  the  year  2020  effective  pieces  are  follows  As  at  31 
December 2021: 

Approved 
pieces of shares 

Exercised until 
31 December 
2021 

Weighted 
average share 
price at the 
date of exercise 
(in HUF) 

41,098 

17,881 

8,184 

17,881 

18,471 

17,498 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Expired 
pieces  

Exercisable at 31 
December 2021 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

32,914 

- 

82,826 

19,390 

47,826 

9,292 

51,002 

9,518 

13,080 

3,443 

680 

680 

Share-purchasing period started in 2021 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2021 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2022 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2022 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2023 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2023 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2024 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2024 

Share-purchasing period starting in 2025 
Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2025 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2026 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2027 

Effective  pieces  relating  to  the  periods  starting  in  2022-2027  settled  during  valuation  of  performance  of  year 
2017-2020, can be modified based on risk assessment and personal changes. 

In connection with  the share-based compensation for Board of Directors and connecting compensation,  shares 
given as a part of payments detailed above and for the year 2021 based on performance assessment accounted as 
equity-settled  share  based  transactions  HUF  3,589  million  was  recognized  as  expense  for  the  year  ended  31 
December 2021. 

113 

 
 
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 40: 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (in HUF mn) 

Outstanding balances and transactions with related parties are summarized below in aggregate: 

Statement of financial position 

2021 

2020 

Associated 
companies 
and other 
companies 

Other 
related 
parties 

Associated 
companies 
and other 
companies 

Other 
related 
parties 

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances with the National 

Bank of Hungary 

1,675 

- 

7,301 

Placements with other banks, net of allowance for placement 

losses 

Held for trading securities 
Securities mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or 

loss 

Held for trading derivative financial instruments: 
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive 

income 

Securities at amortised cost 
Loans at amortised cost 
Loans mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss 
Right of use assets 
Derivative financial assets designated as hedge accounting 

1,557,437 
16 

- 
19,397 

156,162 
- 
960,288 
- 
5,713 

-  1,177,504 
526 
- 

- 
- 

5,342 
21,587 

596 

-  250,673 
- 
105,503  834,555 
- 
6,567 

9 
- 

relationships 

Other assets 
Total Assets 

Amounts due to banks and deposits from the National Bank of 

Hungary and other banks  

Repo liabilities 
Deposits from customers 
Leasing liabilities 
Liabilities from issued securities 
Derivative financial liabilities designated as held for trading 
Derivative financial liabilities designated as hedge accounting 

relationships 
Other liabilities 
Total Liabilities 

Off balance sheet items 

Guarantees 
Loan commitments 
Factoring loan commitments 
Total 

Statement of Profit or Loss 

(9) 
101,569 
2,802,248 

- 
5 

- 
67,077 
106,113  2,371,132 

(115,042) 
(36,854) 
(263,139) 
(5,926) 
(12,232) 
(5,344) 

-  (151,254) 
- 
- 
(27,174)  (249,410) 
(6,736) 
(11,299) 
(9,957) 

- 
- 
- 

(61) 
(4,599) 
(443,197) 

- 
(551) 

- 
(7,014) 
(27,725)  (435,670) 

(921,818) 
(85,810) 
(1,475) 
(1,009,103) 

-  (870,892) 
(96,032) 
(37) 
(44,812)  (966,961) 

(44,812) 
- 

- 
(37,051) 
- 
(37,051) 

Interest Income 
Interest Expense 
Risk cost 
(Losses)/Gains arising from derecognition of financial assets 

measured at amortised cost 
Income from fees and commissions 
Expenses from fees and commissions 
Other administrative expenses 

2021 

2020 

42,706 
(11,449) 
904 

39,193 
(11,186) 
(1,925) 

(2,198) 
33,128 
(2,859) 
(7,570) 

914 
28,951 
(1,971) 
(8,465) 

114 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
590 
92,889 
10 
- 

- 
557 
94,046 

- 
- 
(4,027) 
- 
- 
- 

- 
(400) 
(4,427) 

 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 40: 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Related party transactions with key management 

The  compensation  of  key  management,  such  as  the  members  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  the  members  of  the 
Supervisory  Board  and  the  employees  involved  in  the  decision-making  process  in  accordance  with  the 
compensation categories defined in IAS 24 Related Party Disclosures, is summarised below: 

Short-term employee benefits 
Share-based payment 
Long-term employee benefits (on the basis of IAS 19) 
Total 

2021 
2,957 
2,740 
246 
5,943 

2020  
2,923 
2,619 
278 
5,820 

2021 

2021 

Loans provided to companies owned by the Management (in the 
normal course of business) 
Commitments to extend credit and bank guarantees 

105,503 
44,812 

92,889 
37,051 

An  analysis  of  payment  to  Executives  related  to  their  activity  in  Board  of  Directors  and  Supervisory 
Board is as follows (in HUF mn): 

Members of Board of Directors 
Members of Supervisory Board 
Total 

2021 
1,489 
173 
1,662 

2020  
969 
57 
1,026 

In the normal course of business, OTP Bank enters into other transactions with its subsidiaries, the amounts and 
volumes of which are not significant to these financial statements taken as a whole. 

NOTE 41: 

TRUST ACTIVITIES (in HUF mn) 

The Bank acts as a trustee for certain loans granted by companies or employers to their  employees, mainly for 
housing purposes. The ultimate risk for these loans rests with the party advancing the funds. As these loans and 
related  funds  are  not  considered  to  be  assets  or  liabilities  of  the  Bank,  they  have  been  excluded  from  the 
accompanying separate statement of financial position.  

2021 

2020  

Loans managed by the Bank as a trustee 

27,532 

28,055 

115 

 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 42: 

CONCENTRATION OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES 

In the percentage of the total assets 
Receivables from, or securities issued by the Hungarian Government or the 
NBH 
Securities issued by the OTP Mortgage Bank Ltd. 
Loans at amortised cost 

2021 

2020  

22.79% 
1.77% 
6.51% 

22.69% 
2.24% 
6.48% 

There were no other significant concentrations of the assets or liabilities of the Bank as at 31 December 2021 or 
31 December 2020. 

OTP Bank continuously provides the Authority with reports on the extent of dependency on large depositors as 
well as the exposure of the largest 50 depositors towards OTP Bank. Further to this obligatory reporting to the 
Authority. OTP Bank pays particular attention on the exposure of its largest partners and cares for maintaining a 
closer relationship with these partners in order to secure the stability of the level of deposits. 

The  organisational  unit  of  OTP  Bank  in  charge  of  partner-risk  management  analyses  the  largest  partners  on  a 
constant  basis  and  sets  limits  on  OTP  Bank’s  and  the  Group’s  exposure  separately  partner-by-partner.  If 
necessary, it modifies partner-limits in due course thereby reducing the room for manoeuvring of the Treasury 
and other business areas.  

The  Bank’s  internal  regulation  (Limit-management  regulation)  controls  risk  management  which  related  to 
exposures of clients. Bank makes a difference between clients or clients who are economically connected with 
each  other,  partners,  partners  operating  in  the  same  geographical  region  or  in  the  same  economic  sector, 
exposures  from  customers.  Limit-management  regulation  includes  a  specific  range  provisions  system  used  by 
Bank to control risk exposures. This regulation has to be used by the Bank for its business (lending) risk-taking 
activity in both the retail and corporate sector. 

To  specify  credit  risk  limits,  the  Bank  strives  their  clients  get  an  acceptable  margin  of  risk  based  on  their 
financial situation. In the Bank limit system a lower level decision-making delegation has to be provided.  

If  an  OTP  group  member  takes  risk  against  a  client  or  group  of  clients  (either  inside  the  local  economy  or 
outside), the client will be qualified as a group level risk and these limits will be specified at group level. 

The validity period of this policy is 12 months. The limit shall be reviewed prior to the expiry date but at least 
once a year based on the relevant information required to limit calculations. 

The maximum credit exposure to any client or counterparty among Loans at amortised cost was HUF 893 billion 
and HUF 722 billion as at 31 December 2021 and  31 December 2020 respectively, before taking into account 
collateral or other credit enhancements. 

116 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 43: 

EARNINGS PER SHARE 

Earnings per share attributable to the Bank’s ordinary shares are determined by dividing Net profit for the year 
attributable  to  ordinary  shareholders,  after  the  deduction  of  declared  preference  dividends,  by  the  weighted 
average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Dilutive potential ordinary shares are deemed to 
have been converted into ordinary shares. 

Net profit for the year attributable to ordinary shareholders (in HUF mn) 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year for 

calculating basic EPS (number of share) 

Basic Earnings per share (in HUF) 
Separate net profit for the year attributable to ordinary shareholders (in HUF 

mn) 

Modified weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the 

year for calculating diluted EPS (number of share) 

Diluted Earnings per share (in HUF) 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares  
Average number of Treasury shares 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the 

year for calculating basic EPS  

Dilutive effect of options issued in accordance with the Remuneration Policy 
/ Management Option Program and convertible into ordinary shares1  
The modified weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding 

2021 

2020  

125,339 

92,474 

275,523,535 
455 

277,301,936 
333 

125,339 

92,474 

275,538,262 
455 

277,310,069 
333 

2021 

2020  

280,000,010 
(4,476,475) 

280,000,010 
(2,698,074) 

275,523,535 

277,301,936 

14,727 

8,133 

during the year for calculating diluted EPS 

275,538,262 

277,310,069 

The  ICES  bonds  could  potentially  dilute  basic  EPS  in  the  future,  but  were  not  included  in  the  calculation  of 
diluted EPS because they are antidilutive for the period presented. 

1 In 2021 and 2020 dilutive effect is in connection with the Remuneration Policy. 

117 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 44: 

NET GAIN OR LOSS REALISED ON FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) 

Year ended 31 December 2021 

Net interest 
income and 
expense 

Net non-
interest gain 
and loss 

Loss 
allowance 

Other 
comprehensive 
income 

Financial assets measured at amortised cost 
Cash, amounts due from banks and balances with the 

National Bank of Hungary 

14,124 

- 

- 

Placements with other banks, net of allowance for 

placement losses 

Repo receivables 
Loans at amortised cost 
Securities at amortised cost 
Financial assets measured at amortised cost total 

Financial assets measured at fair value 
Securities held for trading 
Securities at fair value through other comprehensive 

income 

Loans mandatorily measured at fair value through 

profit or loss 

Financial assets measured at fair value total 

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost 
Amounts due to banks and deposits from the National 

Bank of Hungary and other banks  

Repo liabilities 
Deposits from customers 
Leasing liabilities 
Liabilities from issued securities 
Subordinated bonds and loans 
Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost 

total 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

31,981 
315 
167,882 
61,085 
275,387 

- 
- 
13,591 
(1,552) 
12,039 

1,797 
(220) 
37,264 
2,035 
40,876 

277 

6,657 

- 

21,456 

(4,659)1 

(551) 

(35,756) 

26,045 
47,778 

(8,671) 
(6,673) 

16,255 
15,704 

- 
(35,756) 

(11,177) 
(2,860) 
(10,162) 
(214) 
(1,166) 
(7,890) 

- 
- 
170,598 
- 
- 
- 

(33,469) 

170,598 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

Financial liabilities designated to measure at fair 

value through profit or loss 

(493) 

3,916 

Derivative financial instruments2 

(36,295) 

3,436 

Total 

252,908 

183,316 

56,580 

(35,756) 

1 For the year ended 31 December 2021 HUF (4,659) million net non-interest gain on securities at fair value through other comprehensive 

income was transferred from other comprehensive income to profit or loss. 

2 Gains/losses from derivative financial instruments recognised in net interest income as Income similar to interest income. 

118 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 44: 

NET GAIN OR LOSS REALISED ON FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS  
(in HUF mn) [continued] 

Year ended 31 December 2020 

Net interest 
income and 
expense 

Net non-
interest gain 
and loss 

Loss 
allowance 

Other 
comprehensive 
income 

Financial assets measured at amortised cost 

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances with the 

National Bank of Hungary 

4,369 

- 

- 

Placements with other banks, net of allowance for 

placement losses 

Repo receivables 
Loans at amortised cost 
Securities at amortised cost 

10,650 
49 
143,650 
48,654 

- 
- 
23,298 
360 

2,227 
286 
55,444 
1,845 

Financial assets measured at amortised cost total 

207,372 

23,658 

59,802 

Financial assets measured at fair value 
Securities held for trading 
Securities at fair value through other comprehensive 

income 

Loans mandatorily measured at fair value through 

profit or loss 

Financial assets measured at fair value total 

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost 
Amounts due to banks and deposits from the National 

Bank of Hungary and other banks  

Repo liabilities 
Deposits from customers 
Leasing liabilities 
Liabilities from issued securities 
Subordinated bonds and loans 
Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost 

total 

368 

2,251 

29,095 

6,0731 

15,094 
44,557 

2,125 
10,449 

(9,862) 
(1,476) 
(3,985) 
(244) 
(598) 
(8,327) 

- 
- 
216,512 
- 
- 
- 

(24,492) 

216,512 

Financial liabilities designated to measure at fair 

value through profit or loss 

(307) 

1,270 

Derivative financial instruments2 

(5,053) 

5,818 

- 

3 

- 
3 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

(17,734) 

- 
(17,734) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

Total 

222,077 

257,707 

59,805 

(17,734) 

1 For the year ended 31 December 2020 HUF 6,073 million net non-interest gain on securities at fair value through other comprehensive 

income was transferred from other comprehensive income to profit or loss. 

2 Gains/losses from derivative financial instruments recognised in net interest income as Income similar to interest income. 

119 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 45: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) 

In determining the fair value of a financial asset or liability the Bank in the case of instruments that are quoted on 
an active market uses the market price. In most cases market price is not publicly available so the Bank has to 
make assumptions or use valuation techniques to determine the fair value of a financial instrument. See Note 45. 
d) for more information about fair value classes applied for financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value 
in these financial statements. 

To  provide  a  reliable  estimate  of  the  fair  value  of  those  financial  instrument  that  are  originally  measured  at 
amortised cost, the Bank used the discounted  cash flow analysis (loans, placements with other banks,  amounts 
due to banks, deposits from customers). The fair value of issued securities and subordinated bonds is based on 
quoted prices (e,g, Reuters), Cash and amounts due from banks and balances with the National Bank of Hungary 
represent amounts available immediately thus the fair value equals to the cost. 

The  assumptions  used  when  calculating  the  fair  value  of  financial  assets  and  liabilities  when  using  valuation 
technique are the following: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the discount rates are the risk free rates related to the denomination currency adjusted by the appropriate 
risk premium as of the end of the reporting period, 

the contractual cash flows are considered for the performing loans and for the non-performing loans, the 
amortised cost less impairment is considered as fair value, 

the future cash flows for floating interest rate instruments are estimated from the yield curves as of the 
end of the reporting period, 

the fair value of the deposit which can be due in demand cannot be lower than the amount payable on 
demand. 

For classes of assets and liabilities not measured at fair value in the statement of financial position,  the income 
approach was used to convert future cash flows to a single current amount. Fair value of current assets is equal to 
carrying  amount,  fair  value  of  liabilities  from  issued  securities  and  other  bond-type  classes  of  assets  and 
liabilities not measured at fair value measured based on Reuters market rates and, fair value of other classes not 
measured  at  fair  value  of  the  statement  of  financial  position  are  measured  using  the  discounted  cash  flow 
method. Fair value of loans, net of allowance for loan losses measured using discount rate adjustment technique, 
the discount rate is derived from observed rates of return for comparable assets or liabilities that are traded in the 
market. 

Fair value measurements – in relation to instruments measured not at fair value – are categorized in level 3 of the 
fair value hierarchy. 

120 

 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 45: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

a)  Fair value of financial assets and liabilities 

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances with the 

National Bank of Hungary 

Placements with other banks, net of allowance for 

placement losses 

Repo receivables 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
Held for trading securities 
Derivative financial instruments classified as held for 

trading 

Securities mandatorily measured at fair value through 

profit or loss 

Securities at fair value through other comprehensive 

income 

Securities at amortised cost 
Loans at amortised cost 
Loans mandatorily measured at fair value through profit 

or loss 

Derivative financial assets designated as hedge 

accounting relationships 

Other financial assets 
FINANCIAL ASSETS TOTAL 

Amounts due to banks, deposits from the National Bank 

of Hungary and other banks 

Repo liabilities 
Deposits from customers 
Leasing liabilities 
Liabilities from issued securities 
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 
Derivative financial liabilities designated as held for 

trading 

Derivative financial liabilities designated as hedge 

accounting relationships 
Subordinated bonds and loans 
Other financial liabilities 
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES TOTAL 

b)  Derivative financial instruments 

31 December 2021 

31 December 2020 

Carrying 
amount 

Fair value  Carrying amount  Fair value 

474,945 

474,945 

579,120 

579,120 

2,567,212 
33,638 
246,462 
35,633 

2,548,809 
33,707 
246,462 
35,633 

1,535,884 
183,364 
160,483 
11,729 

1,550,747 
183,664 
160,483 
11,729 

182,768 

182,768 

116,818 

116,818 

28,061 

28,061 

31,936 

31,936 

641,939 
3,071,038 
4,032,465 

641,939 
2,877,380 
3,576,519 

911,950 
2,007,692 
3,417,760 

911,950 
2,085,881 
3,178,368 

662,012 

662,012 

480,937 

480,937 

17,727 
153,747 
11,901,185 

17,727 
153,747 
11,233,248 

6,817 
127,179 
9,411,186 

6,817 
127,179 
9,265,147 

1,051,203 
86,580 
9,948,532 
17,932 
22,153 
20,133 

958,463 
86,543 
9,946,444 
17,928 
21,006 
20,133 

766,977 
109,612 
7,895,735 
14,106 
28,435 
25,902 

754,573 
111,548 
7,895,211 
14,105 
31,588 
25,902 

192,261 

192,261 

99,987 

99,987 

18,690 
271,776 
194,511 
11,823,771 

18,690 
278,151 
194,511 
11,734,130 

3,104 
304,243 
167,540 
9,415,641 

3,104 
295,218 
167,540 
9,398,776 

OTP  Bank  regularly  enters  into  hedging  transactions  in  order  to  decrease  its  financial  risks.  However  some 
economically  hedging  transaction  do  not  meet  the  criteria  to  account  for  hedge  accounting,  therefore  these 
transactions  were  accounted as  derivatives  held  for  trading.  Net  investment  hedge  in  foreign  operations  is  not 
applicable in separate financial statements.  

The  assessment of the hedge effectiveness (both for fair value hedges and cash flow hedges)  to determine the 
economic  relationship  between  the  hedged  item  and  the  hedging  instrument  is  accomplished  with  prospective 
scenario analysis via different rate shift scenarios of the relevant risk factor(s) of the hedged risk component(s). 
The  fair  value  change  of  the  hedged  item  and  the  hedging  instrument  is  compared  in  the  different  scenarios. 
Economic relationship is justified if the change of the fair value of the hedged item and the hedging instrument 
are in the opposite direction and the absolute changes are similar amounts. The hedge ratio is determined as the 
ratio  of  the  notional  of  the  hedged  item  and  the  notional  of  the  hedging  instrument.  The  sources  of  hedge 
ineffectiveness  are  the  not  hedged  risk  components  (e,g,  change  of  cross  currency  basis  spreads  in  case  of 
interest  rate  risk  hedges),  slight  differences  in  maturity  dates  and  interest  payment  dates  in  case  of  fair  value 
hedges, and differences between the carrying amount of the hedged item and the carrying amount of the hedging 
instrument in case of FX hedges (e,g, caused by interest rate  risk components in the  fair value of the hedging 
instrument).  

121 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
NOTE 45: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

b)  Derivative financial instruments [continued] 

Fair value of derivative financial instruments1 

The Bank has the following held for trading derivatives and derivatives designated as hedge accounting: 

Held for trading derivative financial instruments 
Interest rate derivatives 
Interest rate swaps 
Cross currency interest rate swaps 
OTC options 
Total interest rate derivatives (OTC derivatives) 
From this: Interest rate derivatives cleared by NBH 

Foreign exchange derivatives 
Foreign exchange swaps 
Foreign exchange forward 
OTC options 
Foreign exchange spot conversion 
Total foreign exchange derivatives (OTC derivatives) 
From this: Foreign exchange derivatives cleared by NBH 

31 December 2021 

31 December 2020 

Before netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Netting 

After netting 

Before netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Netting 

After netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

54,251 
7,207 
479 
61,937 
1,276 

36,896 
8,854 
804 
175 
46,729 
3,447 

(53,720) 
(7,618) 
(479) 
(61,817) 
- 

40,783 
- 
- 
40,783 
- 

13,468 
7,207 
479 
21,154 
1,276 

(12,937) 
(7,618) 
(479) 
(21,034) 
- 

30,216 
7,315 
356 
37,887 
5 

(40,639) 
(6,819) 
(180) 
(246) 
(47,884) 
(1,480) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

36,896 
8,854 
804 
175 
46,729 
3,447 

(40,639) 
(6,819) 
(180) 
(246) 
(47,884) 
(1,480) 

39,644 
6,990 
3,909 
619 
51,162 
5,211 

(28,474) 
(7,285) 
(356) 
(36,115) 
(72) 

(30,374) 
(9,869) 
(3,836) 
(704) 
(44,783) 
(1,852) 

8,984 
- 
- 
8,984 
- 

21,232 
7,315 
356 
28,903 
5 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

39,644 
6,990 
3,909 
619 
51,162 
5,211 

(19,490) 
(7,285) 
(356) 
(27,131) 
(72) 

(30,374) 
(9,869) 
(3,836) 
(704) 
(44,783) 
(1,852) 

1 Certain derivative financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is presented in accordance with IAS 32 in the Statement of Financial Position. The Bank has the ability and the intention to settle those instruments 

on a net basis, which are settled through the same clearing house. 

122 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
NOTE 45: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

b) 

Derivative financial instruments [continued]1 

Fair value of derivative financial instruments [continued] 

Equity stock and index derivatives 
Commodity Swaps 
Equity swaps  
OTC derivatives 
Exchange traded futures and options 
Total equity stock and index derivatives 
Derivatives held for risk management not designated in 

hedges 
Interest rate swaps 
Foreign exchange swaps 
Forward 
Cross currency interest rate swaps 
Total derivatives held for risk management not designated in 

31 December 2021 

31 December 2020 

Before netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Netting 

After netting 

Before netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Netting 

After netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

52,197 
10,538 
62,735 
164 
62,899 

51,311 
1,915 
- 
4,442 

(52,166) 
(357) 
(52,523) 
(278) 
(52,801) 

(70,811) 
(5,245) 
- 
(168) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

5,682 
- 
- 
- 

52,197 
10,538 
62,735 
164 
62,899 

45,629 
1,915 
- 
4,442 

(52,166) 
(357) 
(52,523) 
(278) 
(52,801) 

(65,129) 
(5,245) 
- 
(168) 

13,999 
7,071 
21,070 
379 
21,449 

25,760 
2,208 
28 
44 

(12,901) 
(560) 
(13,461) 
(1,262) 
(14,723) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

(22,058) 
(3,953) 
(75) 
- 

12,736 
- 
- 
- 

13,999 
7,071 
21,070 
379 
21,449 

13,024 
2,208 
28 
44 

(12,901) 
(560) 
(13,461) 
(1,262) 
(14,723) 

(9,322) 
(3,953) 
(75) 
- 

hedges 

57,668 

(76,224) 

5,682 

51,986 

(70,542) 

28,040 

(26,086) 

12,736 

15,304 

(13,350) 

From this: Total derivatives cleared by NBH held for risk 

management 

Total Held for trading derivative financial instruments 

Derivative financial instruments designated as hedge 

accounting relationships 

Derivatives designated in cash flow hedges 
Interest rate swaps 
Total derivatives designated in cash flow hedges 
Derivatives designated in fair value hedges 
Interest rate swaps 
Cross currency interest rate swaps 
Total derivatives designated in fair value hedges 
From this: Total derivatives cleared by NBH held for hedging 
Total derivatives held for risk management (OTC derivatives) 

35,226 
229,233 

(497) 
(238,726) 

- 
46,465 

35,226 
182,768 

(497) 
(192,261) 

759 
138,538 

(6,269) 
(121,707) 

- 
21,720 

759 
116,818 

(6,269) 
(99,987) 

- 
- 

(8,638) 
(8,638) 

1,020 
1,020 

(1,020) 
(1,020) 

(7,618) 
(7,618) 

8,027 
8,027 

25,407 
5,471 
30,878 
- 
30,878 

(17,878) 
(5,325) 
(23,203) 
(2,249) 
(31,841) 

12,131 
- 
12,131 
- 
13,151 

13,276 
5,471 
18,747 
- 
17,727 

(5,747) 
(5,325) 
(11,072) 
(2,249) 
(18,690) 

2,432 
6,180 
8,612 
- 
16,639 

- 
- 

(7,061) 
(5,865) 
(12,926) 
(1,691) 
(12,926) 

8,027 
8,027 

1,795 
- 
1,795 
- 
9,822 

- 
- 

637 
6,180 
6,817 
- 
6,817 

8,027 
8,027 

(5,266) 
(5,865) 
(11,131) 
(1,691) 
(3,104) 

1 Certain derivative financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is presented in accordance with IAS 32 in the Statement of Financial Position. The Bank has the ability and the intention to settle those instruments 

on a net basis, which are settled through the same clearing house. 

123 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 45: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

c) 

Hedge accounting 

Interest rate risk management is centralized at OTP Group. Interest rate risk exposures in major currencies are managed at 
HQ  on  consolidated  level.  Although  risk  exposures  in  local  currencies  are  managed  at  subsidiary  level,  the  respective 
decisions are subject to HQ approval. Interest rate risk is measured by simulating NII and EVE under different stress and 
plan scenarios, the established risk limits are described in „OTP Bank’s Group-Level Regulations on the Management of 
Liquidity Risk and Interest Rate Risk of Banking Book”. The interest rate risk management activity aims to stabilize NII 
within the approved risk limits. 

The risk management objective of these hedge relationships is to mitigate the risk of clean fair value (i.e. excluding accrued 
interest) change of MIRS loans due to the change of interest rate reference indexes (BUBOR, EURIBOR, LIBOR, etc.) of 
the respective currency. 

124 

 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 45: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

c) 

Hedge accounting [continued] 

Amount, timing and uncertainty of future cash flows - hedging instruments as at 31 December 2021 (amounts in million currency) 

31 December 2021 

Type of hedge 

Type of risk 

Type of instrument 

Within one 
month 

Within three 
months and over 
one month 

Within one year 
and over three 
months 

Within five years 
and over one year 

More than five 
years 

Total 

Fair Value Hedge 

Interest rate risk 

Fair Value Hedge 

FX & IR risk 

Fair Value Hedge 

FX risk 

Fair Value Hedge 

Other 

Cash flow Hedge 

Interest rate risk 

   Interest rate swap 
           HUF 
               Notional 
              Average Interest Rate (%) 
           EUR 
               Notional 
              Average Interest Rate (%) 
           USD 
               Notional 
              Average Interest Rate (%) 
           JPY 
               Notional 
              Average Interest Rate (%) 
  Cross currency interest rate swap 
           EUR/HUF 
               Notional 
              Average Interest Rate (%) 
              Average FX Rate  
  Cross currency interest rate swap 
           EUR/HUF 
               Notional 
              Average FX Rate  
           RON/HUF 
               Notional 
              Average FX Rate  
           RUB/HUF 
               Notional 
              Average FX Rate  
           JPY/HUF 
               Notional 
              Average FX Rate  
           USD/HUF 
               Notional 
              Average FX Rate  
   Interest rate swap 
           HUF 
               Notional 
   Interest rate swap 
           HUF 
               Notional 
              Average FX Rate  

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

2,000 
1.09% 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

1 
(1.68%) 
310.29 

-6 
354.22 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

900 
0.49% 

1 
0.23% 

- 
- 

- 
- 

2 
(1.67%) 
310.26 

35 
356.94 

200 
66.21 

- 
- 

- 
- 

(3) 
323.77 

(52,474) 
1.65% 

111 
0.24% 

119 
2.54% 

4,500 
0.22% 

42,950 
1.31%   

50 
0.05%   

47 
4.18%   

(6,624) 

162 

166 

4,500 

- 
-   

12 
(1.69%) 
310.01 

12 
(1.82%)   
307.81   

27 

572 
355.93 

2,225 
73.08 

11,200 
4.15 

4,500 
2.79 

306 
323.77 

601 

2,425 

11,200 

4,500 

303 

- 
-   

- 
-   

- 
-   

- 
-   

- 
-   

3,345 

1,823 

3,093 

- 

8,261 

- 
- 

- 
- 

7,819 
1.80 

28,027 
2.46   

35,846 

125 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 45: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

c) 

Hedge accounting [continued] 

Amount, timing and uncertainty of future cash flows - hedging instruments as at 31 December 2020 (amounts in million currency) 

31 December 2020 

Type of hedge 

Type of risk 

Type of instrument 

Within one 
month 

Within three 
months and over 
one month 

Within one year 
and over three 
months 

Within five 
years and over 
one year 

More than 
five years 

Total 

Fair Value Hedge 

Interest rate risk 

Fair Value Hedge 

FX & IR risk 

Fair Value Hedge 

FX risk 

Fair Value Hedge 

Other 

Cash flow Hedge 

Interest rate risk 

   Interest rate swap 
           HUF 
               Notional 
              Average Interest Rate (%) 
           EUR 
               Notional 
              Average Interest Rate (%) 
           USD 
               Notional 
              Average Interest Rate (%) 
           RUB 
               Notional 
              Average Interest Rate (%) 
  Cross currency interest rate swap 
           EUR/HUF 
               Notional 
              Average Interest Rate (%) 
              Average FX Rate  
  Cross currency interest rate swap 
           EUR/HUF 
               Notional 
              Average FX Rate  
           RON/HUF 
               Notional 
              Average FX Rate  
           RUB/HUF 
               Notional 
              Average FX Rate  
   Interest rate swap 
           HUF 
               Notional 
   Interest rate swap 
           HUF 
               Notional 
              Average FX Rate  

- 
- 

15 
(0.11%) 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

60,000 
1.31% 

5 
0.09% 

21 
2.00% 

- 
- 

(89,622) 
1.06% 

102 
0.24% 

171 
2.38% 

2,100 
7.38% 

173,810  144,188 

1.35%   

10 
0.22%   

29 
2.35%   

132 

221 

2,100 

- 
-   

2 
(1.60%) 
310.82 

12 
(1.63%) 
310.14 

14 
(1.67%)   
308.15   

28 

1 
360.19 

92 
354.92 

123 
360.47 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

613 
356.03 

1,550 
72.60 

4,100 
4.46 

829 

1,550 

4,100 

- 
-   

- 
-   

- 
-   

(183) 

6,940 

8,342 

- 

15,099 

- 
- 

- 
- 

12,194 
1.77 

28,027 
2.46   

40,221 

126 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 45: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

c) Hedge accounting [continued] 

Derivative financial instruments designated as hedge accounting as follows: 

Type of instrument 

Type of risk 

Fair value hedge 

Nominal amount of 
the hedging 
instrument 

Carrying amount of the hedging instrument for the year 
ended 31 December 2021 

Before netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Netting 

After netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Line item in the statement of financial 
position where the hedging instrument is 
located 

Changes in fair value used for 
calculating hedge ineffectiveness for 
the year ended 31 December 2021 

Interest rate swap 

Interest rate risk 

409,595  23,976 

(17,878) 

12,131 

11,845 

(5,747) 

management 

Derivative assets (liabilities) held for risk 

Cross-currency swap 

FX & IR risk 

8,175 

- 

(2,249) 

Cross-currency swap 

FX risk 

566,936 

5,471 

(3,076) 

Interest rate swap 

Other 

Cash flow hedge 

8,261 

1,431 

- 

Derivative assets (liabilities) held for risk 

- 

(2,249) 

management 

Derivative assets (liabilities) held for risk 

5,471 

(3,076) 

management 

Derivative assets (liabilities) held for risk 

1,431 

- 

management 

- 

- 

- 

Derivative assets (liabilities) held for risk 

Interest rate swap 

Interest rate risk 

35,846 

- 

(8,638) 

1,020 

(1,020) 

(7,618) 

management 

6,494 

4 

(1,687) 

3 

(101) 

31 December 2021 

Type of risk 

Carrying amount of the hedged 
item  

Accumulated amount of fair value hedge 
adjustments on the hedged item included 
in the carrying amount of the hedged 
item  

Line item in the statement of financial position in 
which the hedged item is included 

Assets  

Liabilities 

Assets  

Liabilities 

Fair value hedges 
 - Loans  

 - Loans  
 - Government bonds 

 - Government bonds 
 - Government bonds 

 - Other securities 
 - Loans  
 - Loans  
 - Government bonds 

 - Government bonds 
 - Other securities 
Fair value hedges total 

Interest rate risk 

57,176 

- 

Interest rate risk 
Interest rate risk 

Interest rate risk 
Interest rate risk 

Interest rate risk 
FX & IR risk 
FX risk 
FX risk 

FX risk 
Other risk 

- 
13,921 

142,649 
- 

152,830 
- 

42,008 
10,595 
458,312 
12,811 

98,668 
- 
846,321 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
8,261 
150,910 

637 

- 
1,230 

22,457 
- 

318 
611 
- 
- 

- 
- 
25,253 

- 

Loans 
Amounts due to banks and deposits from the National 

(16,858) 
- 

Bank of Hungary and other banks  

Securities at amortised cost 
Securities at fair value through other comprehensive 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
(161) 
(17,019) 

income 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
Securities at fair value through other comprehensive 

income 

Loans 
Loans 
Securities at amortised cost 
Securities at fair value through other comprehensive 

income 

Liabilities from issued securities 

127 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 45: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

c) Hedge accounting [continued] 

Derivative financial instruments designated as hedge accounting as follows: 

For the year ended 31 December 2021 OCI related to cash flow hedges as follows: 

Type of risk 

Interest rate 
risk 

Carrying amount of the 
hedged item  

Assets  

Liabilities 

Cash flow hedge reserve 
Year ended 2021 

Line item in the statement of 
financial position in which 
the hedged item is included 

35,965 

- 

3,568  Loans at amortised cost 

For the year ended 31 December 2020 OCI related to cash flow hedges as follows: 

Type of risk 

Interest rate 
risk 

Carrying amount of the 
hedged item  

Assets  

Liabilities 

Cash flow hedge reserve 
Year ended 2021 

Line item in the statement of 
financial position in which 
the hedged item is included 

40,221 

- 

(2,739)  Loans at amortised cost 

For the year ended 31 December 2021 change in basis swap spread recognised in OCI related to fair value hedges as follows: 

Type of risk 

Carrying amount of the 
hedged item  

FX risk 
FX risk 

Assets  
458,312 
12,811 
471,123 

Liabilities 

- 
- 
- 

Items recognised in other 
comprehensive income  
Year ended 2021 

Change in the items 
recognized in other 
comprehensive income Year 
ended 2021 

Line item in the statement 
of financial position in 
which the hedged item is 
included 

(1,032) 
64 
(968) 

(1,681)  Loans at amortised cost 

 FVOCI securities 

- 
(1,681) 

For the year ended 31 December 2020 change in basis swap spread recognised in OCI related to fair value hedges as follows: 

Type of risk 

FX risk 

Carrying amount of the 
hedged item  

Assets  
303,572 
303,572 

Liabilities 

- 
- 

Items recognised in other 
comprehensive income  
Year ended 2021 

Change in the items 
recognized in other 
comprehensive income Year 
ended 2021 

Line item in the statement 
of financial position in 
which the hedged item is 
included 

713 
713 

-  Loans at amortised cost 
- 

128 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 45: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

c) Hedge accounting [continued] 

Derivative financial instruments designated as hedge accounting as follows: 

Type of instrument 

Type of risk 

Fair value hedge 

Nominal amount of 
the hedging 
instrument 

Carrying amount of the hedging instrument for the year 
ended 31 December 2020 

Before netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Netting 

After netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Line item in the statement of financial 
position where the hedging instrument is 
located 

Changes in fair value used for 
calculating hedge ineffectiveness for 
the year ended 31 December 2020 

Interest rate swap 

Interest rate risk 

468,574 

1,900 

(7,062) 

1,795 

105 

(5,267) 

management 

Derivative assets (liabilities) held for risk 

Cross-currency swap 

FX & IR risk 

8,874 

- 

(1,408) 

Cross-currency swap 

FX risk 

438,401 

6,182 

(4,456) 

Interest rate swap 

Other 

16,224 

530 

Cash flow hedge 

Interest rate swap 

Interest rate risk 

40,221 

8,027 

- 

- 

Derivative assets (liabilities) held for risk 

- 

(1,408) 

management 

Derivative assets (liabilities) held for risk 

6,182 

(4,456) 

management 

Derivative assets (liabilities) held for risk 

530 

- 

management 

- 

- 

- 

8,027 

- 

8,027 

management 

Derivative assets (liabilities) held for risk 

31 December 2020 

Type of risk 

Carrying amount of the 
hedged item  

Accumulated amount of fair value 
hedge adjustments on the hedged 
item included in the carrying 
amount of the hedged item  

Assets  

Liabilities 

Assets  

Liabilities 

Line item in the statement of financial position in which 
the hedged item is included 

Fair value hedges 

 - Loans  

 - Loans  

Interest rate risk 

35,256 

- 

1,679 

Interest rate risk 

- 

100,299 

 - Government bonds 

Interest rate risk 

8,678 

 - Government bonds 

Interest rate risk 

269,838 

 - Other securities 

Interest rate risk 

 - Loans  

 - Loans  

 - Other securities 

FX & IR risk 

FX risk 

Other risk 

47,560 

10,378 

303,572 

- 

15,032 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(106) 

2,518 

781 

284 

- 

- 

Fair value hedges total 

675,282 

115,331 

5,156 

- 

(235) 

Loans 

Loans 

Securities at amortised cost 

Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Loans 

Loans 

Liabilities from issued securities 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(528) 

(763) 

(370) 

(36) 

(809) 

2 
- 

(85) 

129 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 45: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

c) Hedge accounting [continued] 

31 December 2021 

Type of 
instrument 

Type of risk 

Change in the value 
of the hedging 
instrument 
recognised in cash 
flow hedge reserve 

Hedge ineffectiveness 
recognised in profit or 
loss 

Line item in profit or loss that 
includes hedge ineffectiveness 

Interest rate 
swap 

Interest rate 
risk 

6,307 

Interest Income from Placements 
with other banks, net of 
allowance for placement losses 

(101) 

For the year ended 31 December 2021 an amount HUF 171 million reclassified from cash flow hedge reserve to 
profit or loss due to termination of hedging relationship. 

31 December 2020 

Type of 
instrument 

Type of risk 

Change in the value 
of the hedging 
instrument 
recognised in cash 
flow hedge reserve 

Hedge ineffectiveness 
recognised in profit or 
loss 

Line item in profit or loss that 
includes hedge ineffectiveness 

Interest rate 
swap 

Interest rate 
risk 

d)  Fair value classes 

296 

Interest Income from Placements 
with other banks, net of 
allowance for placement losses 

(85) 

Methods  and  significant  assumptions  used  to  determine  fair  value  of  the  different  classes  of  financial 
instruments: 

-  Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; 
-  Level  2:  inputs  other  than  quoted  prices  included  within  Level  1  that  are  observable  for  the  asset  or 
liability  either  directly  or  indirectly,  Fair  value  measurements  –  in  relation  with  instruments 
measured not at fair value – are categorized in level 2; 

-  Level  3:  inputs  for  the  asset  or  liability  that  are  not  based  on  observable  market  data  (unobservable 

inputs). 

The following table shows an analysis of financial instruments recorded at fair value by level of the fair value 
hierarchy: 

31 December 2021 

Total 

Level 1 

Level 2  Level 3 

Loans at fair value through other comprehensive income 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
from this: securities held for trading 
from this: positive FVA of derivative financial instruments 

662,012 
246,462 
35,633 

- 
37,537 
18,566 

-  662,012 
19,424 
- 

189,501 
17,067 

designated as held for trading 

182,768 

164 

172,434 

10,170 

from this: securities mandatorily measured at fair value 

through profit or loss 

Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 
Positive fair value of derivative financial instruments 

designated as hedge accounting 

Financial assets measured at fair value total 

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 
Negative fair value of derivative financial instruments 

classified as held for trading 

Short position 
Negative fair value of derivative financial instruments 

designated as hedge accounting 

Financial liabilities measured at fair value total 

28,061 
641,939 

18,807 
315,147 

- 
326,792 

9,254 
- 

17,727 
1,568,140 

- 
352,684 

17,727 

- 
534,020  681,436 

20,133 

- 

- 

20,133 

192,261 
16,904 

278 
16,904 

191,983 
- 

- 
- 

18,690 
247,988 

- 
17,182 

18,690 
210,673 

- 
20,133 

130 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 45: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

d)  Fair value classes [continued] 

As at 31 December 2020 

Total 

Level 1 

Level 2  Level 3 

Loans at fair value through other comprehensive income 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
from this: securities held for trading 
from this: positive FVA of derivative financial instruments 

480,937 
160,483 
11,729 

- 
34,643 
10,453 

-  480,937 
14,710 
- 

111,130 
1,276 

designated as held for trading 

116,818 

378 

109,854 

6,586 

from this: securities mandatorily measured at fair value 

through profit or loss 

Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 
Positive fair value of derivative financial instruments 
designated as hedge accounting 

Financial assets measured at fair value total 

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss 
Negative fair value of derivative financial instruments 

classified as held for trading 

Short position 
Negative fair value of derivative financial instruments 
designated as hedge accounting 
Financial liabilities measured at fair value total 

31,936 
911,950 

23,812 
426,566 

- 
485,384 

8,124 
- 

6,817 
1,560,187 

- 
461,209 

6,817 

- 
603,331  495,647 

25,902 

- 

- 

25,902 

99,987 
9,131 

1,263 
9,131 

98,724 
- 

- 
- 

3,104 
138,124 

- 
10,394 

3,104 
101,828 

- 
25,902 

Valuation techniques and sensitivity analysis on Level 3 instruments 

Sensitivity analysis is performed on products with significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) to generate a range 
of reasonably possible alternative valuations. The sensitivity methodologies applied take account of the nature of 
the valuation techniques used, as well as the availability and reliability of observable proxy and historical date 
and the impact of using alternative models. 
The  calculation  is  based  on  range  or  spread  data  of  reliable  reference  source  or  a  scenario  based  on  relevant 
market analysis alongside the impact of using alternative models. Sensitivities are calculated without reflecting 
the impact of any diversification in the portfolio. 

Unobservable inputs used in measuring fair value 

Type of financial 
instrument 

Valuation technique 

Significant 
unobservable input 

Range of estimates for 
unobservable input 

Market approach 

Discount applied due to 

VISA C shares 

combined with expert 
judgement 

Discounted cash flow 

MFB refinancing loans 

model 

Subsidised personal loans 

model 

Discounted cash flow 

Discounted cash flow 

illiquidity and 
litigation 

Probability of default 

Probability of default 

Subsidised personal loans 

model 

Operational costs 

Subsidised personal loans 

model 

Demography 

Discounted cash flow 

+/-12% 

+/- 20% 

+/- 20% 

+/- 20% 

Change in the cash 
flow estimation +/- 5% 

131 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 45: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

d)  Fair value classes [continued] 

The effect of unobservable inputs on fair value measurement 

Although the Bank believes that its estimates of fair value are appropriate, the use of different methodologies or 
assumptions could lead to different measurements of fair value. For fair value measurements in Level 3 changing 
the assumptions used to reasonably possible alternative assumptions would have the following effects. 

31 December 2021 

VISA C shares 

MFB refinancing loans 

Subsidised personal loans 
Subsidised personal loans 
Subsidised personal loans 

31 December 2020 

VISA C shares 

MFB refinancing loans 

Subsidised personal loans 
Subsidised personal loans 
Subsidised personal loans 

Unobservable 
inputs 

Illiquidity 
Probability of 
default 
Probability of 
default 
Operational costs 
Demography 

Unobservable 
inputs 

Illiquidity 
Probability of 
default 
Probability of 
default 
Operational costs 
Demography 

Fair values 

Effect on profit and loss 
Favourable Unfavourable Favourable Unfavourable 
(405) 

3,339 

2,529 

405 

19,218 

18,972 

123 

(123) 

639,006 
647,291 
635,484 

631,855 
623,933 
635,387 

3,590 
11,875 
68 

(3,561) 
(11,483) 
(29) 

Fair values 

Effect on profit and loss 
Favourable Unfavourable Favourable Unfavourable 
(374) 

3,150 

2,402 

374 

24,876 

24,690 

93 

(93) 

452,781 
464,974 
451,419 

447,647 
436,194 
448,987 

2,579 
14,772 
1,217 

(2,555) 
(14,008) 
(1,215) 

The favourable and unfavourable effects of using reasonably possible alternative assumptions for the valuation 
of Visa C shares have been calculated by modifying the discount rate used for the valuation by +/-12% as being 
the best estimates of the management as at 31 December 2021 and 2020 respectively. 

In  the  case  of  MFB  refinancing  loans  and  subsidised  personal  loans  the  Bank  calculated  the  favourable  and 
unfavourable effects of using reasonably possible alternative assumptions by modifying the rates of probability 
of default by +/- 20% as one of the most significant unobservable input. 

In  case  of  subsidised  personal  loans  operational  cost  and  factors  related  to  demography  are  considered  as 
unobservable inputs to the applied fair value calculation model in addition to credit risk.  

The  Bank  calculated  the  favourable  and  unfavourable  effects  of  using  reasonably  possible  alternative 
assumptions by modifying the rates of operational costs by +/- 20% as one of the most significant unobservable 
input.  

In case of subsidised personal loans cash flow estimation are based on assumption related to the future number 
of childbirths performed by the debtors. According to the current assumptions 15% of the debtors will not fulfill 
the  conditions  of  the  subsidy  determined  by  the  government  after  5  years  (“breach  of  conditions”),  thereby 
debtors  will  be  obliged  to  pay  back  advanced  interest  subsidy  given  in  advance.  Furthermore,  in  this  case 
subsidised  loans  are  converted  to  loans  provided  based  on  market  conditions.  Loans  are  prepaid  by  the 
government  as part of the subsidy after the second and the third childbirth following the  signatory of the loan 
contract.  The Bank calculated the favourable and unfavourable effects of using reasonably possible alternative 
assumptions by modifying the demographical assumption of breach of conditions by +/- 5% as one of the most 
significant unobservable input in the cash flow estimation. 

132 

 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 45: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

d)  Fair value classes [continued] 

The effect of unobservable inputs on fair value measurement [continued] 

Reconciliation of the opening and closing balances of Level 3 instruments for the year ended 31 December 2021 

Opening 
balance 

Issuance/ 
Disbursement 

Change in 
FVA due to 
credit risk 

Change in FVA 
due to market 
factors 

Settlement 

Closing 
balance 

Loans mandatorily 
measured at fair 
value through profit 
or loss 

Securities mandatorily 
measured at fair 
value through profit 
or loss 

Derivative financial 
instruments 
designated as held 
for trading 

Financial liabilities at 
fair value through 
profit or loss 

Total 

480,937 

227,324 

(16,255) 

(12,692) 

(17,302) 

662,012 

8,124 

390 

6,586 

- 

- 

- 

740 

3,584 

- 

- 

9,254 

10,170 

(25,902) 
469,745 

- 
227,714 

- 
(16,255) 

(3,916) 
(12,284) 

9,685 
(7,617) 

(20,133) 
661,303 

Reconciliation of the opening and closing balances of Level 3 instruments for the year ended 31 December 2020 

Opening 
balance 

Issuance/ 
Disbursement 

Change in 
FVA due to 
credit risk 

Change in 
FVA due 
to market 
factors 

Reclassification  Settlement 

Closing 
balance 

Loans mandatorily 
measured at fair 
value through 
profit or loss 

Securities 

mandatorily 
measured at fair 
value through 
profit or loss 
Securities at fair 
value through 
other 
comprehensive 
income 

Derivative financial 
instruments 
designated as held 
for trading 

Financial liabilities at 
fair value through 
profit or loss 

Total 

238,538 

257,055 

(405) 

(2,125) 

- 

(12,126)  480,937 

23 

5,188 

(2,935) 

8,124 

4,644 

1,204 

4,735 

4,227 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(28,861) 
223,283 

- 
258,259 

- 
(405) 

1,270 
1,980 

453 

(5,188) 

2,359 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

6,586 

1,689 

(25,902) 
(13,372)  469,745 

133 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 46: 

SIGNIFICANT EVENTS DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

1)  Capital increase in OTP Bank Romania 

2)  Acquisition at Slovenia 

3)  Capital increase in OTP Bank Srbija 

4)  Potential acquisition of Uzbek Ipoteka Bank 

5)  Acquisition of Alpha Banka 

See details about the event above in Note 11. 

6)  Discontinuance of international arbitration proceedings  

On 30th June 2021 OTP Bank Plc. has jointly with the Republic of Croatia requested the discontinuance of the 
international  arbitration  proceedings  -  registered on  16th  October  2020  relating  to  mandatory  exchange  of  FX 
loans and FX based consumer loans - from the Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID), due to the 
fact  that  the  parties  have  resolved  their  disputes  by  way  of  mutual  consent.  The  ICSID Secretary  has  on 30th 
June 2021 acknowledged receipt of the joint claim of the contending parties relating the discontinuance of the 
proceedings. According to the request of the parties, ICSID shall also formerly confirmed the termination of the 
litigation during 2021. 

7)  Termination of ICES bond 

See details about the event above in Note 27. 

8)  Resolutions made at OTP Bank’s Extraordinary General Meeting 

The  Extraordinary  General  Meeting  hold  on  15  October,  2021  resolved  that,  the  Bank  shall  sell  its  treasury 
shares  on  the  stock  exchange  to  those  two  Special  Employee  Stock  Ownership  Program  organizations  being 
established by the Bank employees (“OTP SECOP I.” and “OTP SECOP II.”). 

The Extraordinary General Meeting decided that if additional SECOP organisations will be initiated, those will 
be given one-off support on a yearly basis, under defined conditions, defined extent and in specified manner. 

9)  Interest benchmark reform 

OTP  Bank  was  actively  involved  in  industry  efforts  supporting  transition  to  IBOR  alternatives.  The  bank  has 
taken  extensive  steps  to  prepare  for  the  discontinuation  of  IBORs  and  worked  closely  with  clients  to  ensure 
awareness and support transition activities. As the  transition is complex, time-consuming process and relevant 
for the whole Group, the management of Bank has evaluated the impacts of the interest rate benchmarks reform, 
preparing itself for the transition through a dedicated internal group-wide project. As LIBOR’s five  currencies 
(USD,  GBP,  EUR,  JPY  and  CHF)  and  EONIA  will  be  replaced  by  Risk  Free  Rates  –  which  are  different  in 
nature  compared  to  IBOR  rates  –  OTP  Group  has  implemented  the  relevant  rates  into  the  IT  systems,  and 
reached out the clients. The Bank’s priority was to ensure that the Bank can continue to offer clients the products 
and services they need, while also supporting them in the transition to the new alternative Risk Free Rates. 

134 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 46: 

SIGNIFICANT EVENTS DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 
[continued] 

9)  Interest benchmark reform 

During  the  IBOR  reform  the  Bank  identified  several  risks  at  the  beginning  of  2021,  which  the  project  had  to 
manage and monitor closely. These risks include but are not limited to the following: 

▪  The abolution of LIBOR affected several transactions that may require automated IT solutions, 
▪  The  new  reference  rates  are  different  in  nature  from  LIBOR  that  cause  difficulties  to  settle  the  value 

▪ 

differences with the customers, 
It  was  necessary  to  implement  new  processes  not  to  develop  LIBOR  based  products,  and  to  develop  a 
strategy for removing or modifying the affected products handled by the Bank, 

▪  After termination of LIBOR, the Bank has to act under the "Fallback clauses", the clauses that regulate the 
replacement  of  the  reference  interest  rates  in  the  contract  and  the  use  of  an  alternative  interest  as  a 
reference. The  content of these  clauses needs to be clearly defined and checked from a business point of 
view, ie which reference interest rate will be applied instead of LIBOR for the given contract and whether it 
is  commercially  appropriate.  In  defining  the  fallback  clauses,  efforts  had  to  be  made  to  provide  a  viable 
alternative to the termination of LIBOR that would not result in a business loss for the Bank.  

▪  Legal  risks  related  to  the  termination  of  LIBOR.  Such  risks  can  arise  when  Fallback  clauses  are  not 
included  in  the  contracts,  or  the  law  governing  the  contract  doesn’t  contain  a  statutory  reference  rate.  In 
these cases the contracts can be cancelled due to impossibility or the termination by either party. 
▪  Missing of contractual interest rates can result in settlement disputes, compensation cases or litigation. 
▪  Business risks of the termination of LIBOR. The most significant of these are 

o 

the law governing the contract can set the applicable interest rate that can be result in a business loss 
for the Bank, 

o  business loss due to negative customer experience, 
o  operational risk, when several unique contracts must be handled in a short time 

Terminating interest rates () 
LIBOR USD* (1 week and 2 months settings), FedFund Rate 
LIBOR GBP 
LIBOR JPY 
LIBOR EUR 
LIBOR CHF** 
EONIA 
*  The  following  USD  LIBOR  settings  will  be  terminated  after  June  30,  2023:  overnight  and  1,  3,  6  and  12 
Months.  The  affected  USD  LIBOR  contracts  will  be  handled  on  an  ongoing  basis  until  the  remaining  USD 
LIBOR settings’ cessation date. 
**In the case of CHF LIBOR, OTP Bank acts in accordance with the implementing regulation of the European 
Commission (https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=PI_COM:C(2021)7488&from=EN). 

Alternative Reference Rates 
SOFR 
SONIA 
TONA 
EURIBOR 
SARON 
€STR 

Amounts effected by IBOR reform as at 31 December 2021 

Reference rate 

Type of the contract 

Nominal value of the 
contract 

Pieces of contracts 

USD LIBOR 
USD LIBOR 
USD LIBOR 
Other LIBOR 
Other LIBOR 
Other LIBOR 
Other LIBOR 
Total 

Loan 
Deposit 
Derivatives 
Loan 
Deposit 
Derivatives 
Bonds (assets) 

49.116 
3.579 
802.854 
1.166 
25.864 
25.464 
13.162 
921.205 

12 
7 
190 
42 
98 
4 
3 
356 

The  above  LIBOR-based  amounts  outstanding  as  at  31  December  2021  will  be  managed  at  the  first  interest 
period in 2022 therefore they do not cause a risk to the Bank or to the customers. 

135 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC. 
NOTES TO SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47: 

SIGNIFICANT EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD 

In the second half of February 2022 the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine escalated. 
It  is  difficult  to  quantify  the effect  of  the  Ukrainian-Russian  conflict  regarding  the  Ukrainian  and  the  Russian 
operations,  the  possible  scenarios  are  covering  a  wide  range  of  spectrum.  According  to  the  worst  possible 
scenario, the Bank may lose its control over its investments, which under extreme conditions could result in the 
full write-off of the invested amount. These Consolidated Financial Statements do not contain any write-offs as 
possible consequences of the Ukrainian-Russian conflict, the Group recognizes it as not adjusting, post balance 
sheet event.  

Ukraine 

OTP  Group’s  Ukrainian  operation  incorporates  the  Ukrainian  bank,  as  well  as  the  leasing  and  factoring 
companies.  The  country-consolidated  Ukrainian  total  assets  represented  HUF  984  billion  at  the  end  of  2021 
(3.6% of total consolidated assets), while net loans comprised HUF 614 billion (3.9% of consolidated net loans) 
and shareholders’ equity HUF 160 billion (5.3% of the consolidated total equity). At the end of 2021 the book 
value of the capital investment in the Ukrainian subsidiaries comprised HUF 105 billion; there was no goodwill 
at all, it was already written down entirely in 2014. 

The  gross  intragroup  funding  towards  the  Ukrainian  operation  represented  HUF  72  billion,  and  taking  into 
account  the  Ukrainian  deposits  placed  with  the  HQ,  i.e.  the  net  group  funding  represented  HUF  29  billion 
equivalent. According to the 28 February 2022 figures, the gross funding amounted to HUF 75 billion equivalent 
and the net intragroup funding stood at HUF 9 billion equivalent. 

The Ukrainian RWA (“risk-weighted asset”) was HUF 230 billion by the end of 2021 (2.9% of the total RWA). 

The maximum capital effect on the potential write-off of the Ukrainian operation, taking into account the equity, 
the  intragroup  funding  and  the  Ukrainian  risk  weighted  assets,  is  estimated  at  148  bps  on  the  CET1  ratio, 
according to year-end figures.  

Russia 

The  total  assets  of  the  Group’s  Russian  operation  represented  HUF  800  billion  at  the  end  of  2021  (2.9%  of 
consolidated  total  assets),  while  net  loans  comprised  HUF  621  billion  (3.9%  of  consolidated  net  loans)  and 
shareholders’ equity HUF 241 billion (7.9% of consolidated total equity). At the end of 2021 the book value of 
the  capital  investment  in  the  Russian  subsidiaries  comprised  directly  HUF  74  billion  and  indirectly  HUF  50 
billion.  

The gross intragroup funding towards the Russian operation represented HUF 73 billion, and taking into account 
the  Russian  deposits  placed  with  the  Headquarter,  i.e.  the  net  group  funding  represented  HUF  14  billion 
equivalent.  On  28  February  2022  the  gross  intragroup  funding  reached  HUF  52  billion  equivalent,  which 
equalled  the  net  figure  because  there  was  no  deposit  placement  by  the  Russian  operation  at  other  Group 
members. 

The Russian RWA was HUF 276.6 billion by the end of 2021 (3.4% of the total RWA). 

The capital maximum effect on the potential write-off of the Russian operation, taking into account the equity, 
the intragroup funding and the Russian risk weighted assets, is estimated at 173 bps on the CET1 ratio, according 
to year-end figures. 

Although  the  impact  of  the  Russian-Ukrainian  conflict  on  the  Group’s  Russian  and  Ukrainian  operations  is 
currently difficult to quantify, and as such uncertain, based on the current estimation of the Bank’s Management 
the  Ukrainian-Russian  conflict  does  not  have  considerably  negative  impact  on  the  business  activity,  financial 
position, efficiency, liquidity and capital position of OTP Bank. Even after the recognition of the potential losses 
and write-offs outlined above, the Group's capital adequacy remains above the expected regulatory level. There 
is no sign of significant uncertainties having been arisen regarding carrying out its business as a going concern.  

The Bank’s Management is monitoring the situation of the Ukrainian-Russian conflict continuously and will take 
the necessary steps in order to moderate the business risk. 

136 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH IFRS (2021) 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
IN ACCORDANCE WITH 
INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING 
STANDARDS AS ADOPTED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION AND 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 
31 DECEMBER 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION AS AT 31 

DECEMBER 2021 ............................................................................................................................................. 4 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS FOR THE YEAR 

ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 .......................................................................................................................... 5 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR 

THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 ..................................................................................................... 6 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY FOR THE 

YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 .............................................................................................................. 7 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH-FLOWS FOR THE YEAR 

ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 .......................................................................................................................... 8 

1.1.  General information 
1.2.  Basis of Accounting 

NOTE 1:   ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ................ 10 
10 
10 
NOTE 2:  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES ......................................................... 12 
12 
13 
14 
14 
15 
15 
17 
17 
18 
18 

2.1.  Basis of Presentation 
2.2.  Foreign currency translation 
2.3.  Principles of consolidation 
2.4.  Accounting for acquisitions 
2.5.  Securities at amortized cost 
2.6.  Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
2.7.  Hedge accounting 
2.8.  Offsetting 
2.9.  Embedded derivatives 
2.10. Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 
2.11. Loans,  placements  with  other  banks,  repo  receivables  and  loss  allowance  for  loan  and  placements  and 

repo receivable losses 

2.12. Modified assets 
2.13. Purchased or originated credit impaired financial assets 
2.14. Loss allowance 
2.15. Sale and repurchase agreements, security lending 
2.16. Associates and other investments 
2.17. Property and equipment, Intangible assets 
2.18. Inventories 
2.19.  Government grants and government assistance 
2.20. Financial liabilities 
2.21. Leases 
2.22. Investment properties 
2.23. Share capital 
2.24. Treasury shares 
2.25. Non-current assets held-for-sale and discontinued operations 
2.26. Interest income and income similar to interest income and interest expense 
2.27. Fees and Commissions 
2.28. Profit from associates 

19 
20 
21 
21 
24 
24 
24 
25 
25 
25 
26 
27 
28 
28 
28 
28 
29 
29 

 
 
2.29. Income tax 
2.30. Banking tax 
2.31. Off-balance sheet commitments and contingent liabilities 
2.32. Share-based payment 
2.33. Employee benefits 
2.34. Biological assets and agricultural produce 
2.35. Consolidated Statement of Cash-flows 
2.36. Segment reporting 
2.37. Comparative balances 

29 
30 
30 
30 
31 
31 
31 
32 
32 

NOTE 3:  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND DECISIONS IN THE APPLICATION 

OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES ......................................................................................................... 34 
34 
34 
34 
35 
35 
35 
NOTE 4:  IMPACT OF CORONA VIRUS (  COVID-19) ................................................................................ 36 

3.1.  Loss allowances on financial instruments exposed to credit risk 
3.2.  Valuation of instruments without direct quotations 
3.3.  Provisions 
3.4.  Impairment on goodwill 
3.5.  Business model 
3.6.   Contractual cash-flow characteristics of financial assets 

NOTE 5:  CASH, AMOUNTS DUE FROM BANKS AND BALANCES WITH THE NATIONAL 

BANKS (in HUF mn) ........................................................................................................................ 44 

NOTE 6:  PLACEMENTS WITH OTHER BANKS, NET OF LOSS ALLOWANCE FOR 

PLACEMENTS (in HUF mn) ............................................................................................................ 44 
NOTE 7:  REPO RECEIVABLES (in HUF mn) ................................................................................................ 45 

NOTE 8:  FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS  (in HUF mn) ............. 46 
NOTE 9:  SECURITIES AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH OTHER COMPREHENSIVE  INCOME (in 

HUF mn) ............................................................................................................................................ 49 

NOTE 10: SECURITIES AT AMORTIZED COST (in HUF mn) ..................................................................... 51 
NOTE 11: LOANS AT AMORTIZED COST AND AT FAIR VALUE (in HUF mn) ...................................... 53 

NOTE 12: A SSOCIATES AND OTHER INVESTMENTS (in HUF mn) ........................................................ 55 
NOTE 13: PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (in HUF mn) ....................................... 56 

NOTE 14: INVESTMENT PROPERTIES (in HUF mn) .................................................................................... 63 
NOTE 15: DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL ASSETS DESIGNATED AS HEDGE ACCOUNTING (in HUF 

mn) ..................................................................................................................................................... 64 
NOTE 16: OTHER ASSETS (in HUF mn) ......................................................................................................... 64 

NOTE 17: AMOUNTS DUE TO BANKS, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, DEPOSITS FROM 

THE NATIONAL BANKS AND OTHER BANKS (in HUF mn) .................................................... 66 
NOTE 18: REPO LIABILITIES (in HUF mn) .................................................................................................... 66 

NOTE 19: FINANCIAL LIABILITIES DESIGNATED AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR 

LOSS (in HUF mn) ............................................................................................................................ 67 
NOTE 20: DEPOSITS FROM CUSTOMERS (in HUF mn) .............................................................................. 68 

NOTE 21: LIABILITIES FROM ISSUED SECURITIES (in HUF mn) ............................................................ 69 
NOTE 22: DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL LIABILITIES HELD FOR TRADING (in HUF mn) ......................... 73 

NOTE 23: DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL LIABILITIES DESIGNATED AS HEDGE ACCOUNTING (in 

HUF mn) ............................................................................................................................................ 73 
NOTE 24: PROVISIONS AND OTHER LIABILITIES (in HUF mn) ............................................................... 74 
NOTE 25: SUBORDINATED BONDS AND LOANS (in HUF mn) ................................................................. 76 
NOTE 26: SHARE CAPITAL (in HUF mn) ....................................................................................................... 77 

 
NOTE 27: RETAINED EARNINGS AND RESERVES (in HUF mn) .............................................................. 77 

NOTE 28: TREASURY SHARES (in HUF mn) ................................................................................................. 81 
NOTE 29:  NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST (in HUF mn) ........................................................................... 81 

NOTE 30: INTEREST INCOME,  INCOME SIMILAR TO INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSE (in 

HUF mn) ............................................................................................................................................ 82 
NOTE 31: LOSS ALLOWANCES / IMPAIRMENT / PROVISIONS (in HUF mn) ......................................... 83 

NOTE 32: NET PROFIT FROM FEES AND COMMISSIONS (in HUF mn) ................................................... 84 
NOTE 33: GAIN AND LOSSES BY TRANSACTIONS (in HUF mn) ............................................................. 86 

NOTE 34: OTHER OPERATING INCOME AND EXPENSES AND OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE 

EXPENSES (in HUF mn) .................................................................................................................. 87 
NOTE 35: INCOME TAXES (in HUF mn) ........................................................................................................ 89 

NOTE 36:  LEASES (in HUF mn) ...................................................................................................................... 92 
NOTE 37:  FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) ........................................................................ 95 
95 
112 
117 
117 
126 
129 
NOTE 38: RECLASSIFICATION AND TRANSFER OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) ...... 131 
NOTE 39: OFF-BALANCE SHEET ITEMS AND DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in 

37.1. Credit risk 
37.2. Maturity analysis of assets, liabilities and liquidity risk 
37.3. Net foreign currency position and foreign currency risk 
37.4. Interest rate risk management 
37.5. Market risk 
37.6. Capital management 

HUF mn) .......................................................................................................................................... 132 

NOTE 40: SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS AND EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (in HUF mn) ............................... 133 
NOTE 41: RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (in HUF mn) .................................................................... 139 

NOTE 42: SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIARIES AND ASSOCIATES (in HUF mn) ............................................ 141 
NOTE 43: TRUST ACTIVITIES (in HUF mn) ................................................................................................ 144 

NOTE 44: CONCENTRATION OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES ................................................................. 144 
NOTE 45: EARNINGS PER SHARE (in HUF mn) ......................................................................................... 145 

NOTE 46: NET GAIN OR LOSS REALIZED ON FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) .................. 146 
NOTE 47: FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) ................................................... 148 
NOTE 48: SEGMENT REPORTING BY BUSINESS AND GEOGRAPHICAL SEGMENTS (in   HUF 

mn) ................................................................................................................................................... 168 

NOTE 49: DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (in HUF mn)............................................................................. 174 
NOTE 50: SIGNIFICANT EVENTS DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 ........................ 175 

NOTE 51: POST BALANCE SHEET EVENTS .............................................................................................. 178 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2021 
(in HUF mn) 

Note 

2021 

2020  
Reclassified 

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances with the National Banks 
Placements with other banks, net of loss allowance for placements 
Repo receivables 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 
Securities at amortized cost 
Loans at amortized cost 
Loans mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss 
Finance lease receivables 
Associates and other investments 
Property and equipment 
Intangible assets and goodwill 
Right-of-use assets 
Investment properties 
Derivative financial assets designated as hedge accounting 
Deferred tax assets 
Current income tax receivables 
Other assets 
Assets classified as held for sale / discontinued operations 

TOTAL ASSETS 

Amounts due to banks, the  National Governments,  
deposits from the National Banks and other banks 

Repo liabilities 
Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss 
Deposits from customers 
Liabilities from issued securities 
Derivative financial liabilities held for trading 
Derivative financial liabilities designated as hedge accounting 
Leasing liabilities 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Current income tax payable 
Provisions 
Other liabilities 
Subordinated bonds and loans 
Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale / 

discontinued operations 

TOTAL LIABILITIES 

Share capital 
Retained earnings and reserves 
Treasury shares 
Total equity attributable to the parent 
Total equity attributable to non-controlling interest 

TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 

5. 
6. 
7. 

8. 
9. 
10. 
11. 
11. 
35. 
12. 
13. 
13. 
35. 
14. 
15. 
35. 
35. 
16. 
49. 

17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 
21. 
22. 
23. 
36. 
35. 
35. 
24. 
24. 
25. 

49. 

26. 
27. 
28. 

29. 

2,556,035 
1,584,861 
61,052 

341,397 
2,224,510 
3,891,335 
13,493,183 
1,068,111 
1,182,628 
67,222 
411,136 
248,631 
50,726 
29,882 
18,757 
15,109 
29,978 
276,785 
2,046 

2,432,312 
1,148,743 
190,849 

234,007 
2,136,709 
2,624,920 
11,674,842 
802,605 
1,051,140 
52,443 
322,766 
239,004 
46,283 
38,601 
6,820 
22,317 
39,171 
266,239 
6,070 

27,553,384 

23,335,841 

1,567,348 
79,047 
41,184 
21,068,644 
436,325 
202,716 
11,228 
53,286 
24,045 
36,581 
119,799 
598,081 
278,334 

1,185,315 
117,991 
34,131 
17,890,863 
464,213 
104,823 
11,341 
48,451 
25,990 
29,528 
116,467 
489,426 
274,704 

- 

5,486 

24,516,618 

20,798,729 

28,000 
3,109,509 
(106,941) 
3,030,568 
6,198 

3,036,766 

28,000 
2,629,076 
(124,080) 
2,532,996 
4,116 

2,537,112 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 

27,553,384 

23,335,841 

Budapest, 17 March, 2022 

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements on pages 10 to 179 form an integral part of these Consolidated 
Financial Statements prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by EU. 

4 

Dr. Sándor Csányi 

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS FOR THE YEAR 
ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 
 (in HUF mn) 

Note 

2021 

CONTINUING OPERATIONS 

Interest income calculated using the effective interest method 
Income similar to interest income  

Interest income and income similar to interest income 
Interest expense 
NET INTEREST INCOME 
Loss allowance on loans, placements and on repo receivables 
Change in the fair value attributable to changes in the credit risk of 
loans mandatorily measured at fair value through profit of loss  

Loss allowance on securities  

at fair value through other comprehensive income and  

on securities at amortized cost 

Provision for commitments and guarantees given 
Release of impairment of assets subject to  

operating lease and of investment properties 

Risk cost total 
NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER RISK COST 
Gain from derecognition of financial assets 

at amortized cost 

Modification loss 
Income from fees and commissions 
Expense from fees and commissions 

Net profit from fees and commissions  
Foreign exchange result, net 
Gains on securities, net 
Fair value adjustment on financial instruments  
measured at fair value through profit or loss 

Gain on derivative instruments, net 
Profit from associates 
Other operating income 
Other operating expenses 

Net operating income 
Personnel expenses 
Depreciation and amortization 
Goodwill impairment 
Other general expenses 

Other administrative expenses 
PROFIT BEFORE INCOME TAX  

Income tax expense 

NET PROFIT FOR THE YEAR  

FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 
From this, attributable to: 
Non-controlling interest 
Owners of the company 

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS 

Gain from disposal of subsidiary classified as held for sale 
Gain from discontinued operations 
PROFIT FROM CONTINUING AND  

DISCOUNTINUED OPERATION 

Earnings per share (in HUF) 

From continuing operations 

Basic 
Diluted 

From continuing and discontinued operations 

Basic 
Diluted 

30. 
30. 

31. 

31. 

31. 
31. 

31. 

33. 
4. 
32. 
32. 

33. 
33. 

33. 
33. 
8., 9. 
34. 
34. 

34. 
13. 
13. 
34. 

35. 

29. 

49. 
49. 

45. 
45. 

45. 
45. 

2020  
Reclassified 

841,901 
135,986 

977,887 
(195,216) 
782,671 
(172,520) 

922,539 
194,920 

1,117,459 
(243,149) 
874,310 
(27,721) 

(16,289) 

(3,262) 

(3,974) 
(99) 

438 

(47,645) 
826,665 

1,885 
(13,672) 
554,113 
(111,939) 

442,174 
(4,075) 
5,560 

(532) 
6,798 
15,648 
81,328 
(85,732) 

18,995 
(340,684) 
(94,996) 
- 
(311,932) 
(747,612) 
528,435 
(72,123) 

456,312 

836 
455,476 

- 
116 

(7,309) 
(8,662) 

878 

(190,875) 
591,796 

3,380 
(29,773) 
486,529 
(88,896) 

397,633 
7,864 
7,465 

4,843 
11,340 
527 
33,461 
(39,447) 

26,053 
(308,642) 
(92,761) 
- 
(289,722) 
(691,125) 
297,964 
(43,918) 

254,046 

220 
253,826 

199 
5,391 

456,428 

259,636 

1,738 
1,738 

1,738 
1,738 

982 
982 

1,004 
1,003 

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements on pages 10 to 179 form an integral part of these Consolidated 
Financial Statements prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by EU. 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR 
ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021  
(in HUF mn) 

Note 

2021 

2020 

NET PROFIT FOR THE YEAR 
Items that may be reclassified  

subsequently to profit or loss: 

Fair value adjustment of securities at fair value  

through other comprehensive income 

Deferred tax related to fair value adjustment of securities  

at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedge 
Net investment hedge in foreign operations 
Deferred tax related to net investment hedge  

in foreign operations 

Foreign currency translation difference 

Items that will not be reclassified  
subsequently to profit or loss: 

Fair value changes of equity instruments at fair value  

through other comprehensive income 

Deferred tax related to equity instruments at  

fair value through other comprehensive income 

Change of actuarial loss related to  

employee benefits 

Deferred tax related to change of actuarial loss related to  

employee benefits 

Subtotal 

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

From this, attributable to: 
Non-controlling interest 
Owners of the company 

27. 

27. 

27. 
27. 

27. 
27. 

27. 

27. 

27. 

27. 

456,428 

259,636 

(50,789) 

(3,175) 

3,526 

918 

- 
- 

- 
61,729 

(2) 
(9,440) 

849 
68,593 

2,747 

(2,890) 

(361) 

53 

(11) 

383 

143 

1 

16,894 

55,380 

473,322 

315,016 

1,041 
472,281 

(223) 
315,239 

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements on pages 10 to 179 form an integral part of these Consolidated 
Financial Statements prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by EU. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 
(in HUF mn) 

Note 

Share 
capital 

Capital 
reserve 

Retained earnings 
and other reserves1 

Treasury 
shares 

Total 
attributable to 
shareholders 

Non-controlling 
interest 

Total 

Balance as at 1 January 2020 
Net profit for the period 
Other Comprehensive Income 

Total comprehensive income 

Purchasing of non-controlling interest 
Decrease due to discontinued operation 
Share-based payment 
Sale of Treasury shares 
Treasury shares -  loss on sale 
Treasury shares -  acquisition 
Payments to ICES holders 

Balance as at 31 December 2020 

Balance as at 1 January 2021 
Net profit for the period 
Other Comprehensive Income 

Total comprehensive income 

Increase due to business combination 
Share-based payment 
Adjustment of previous years' reserves 
Sale of Treasury shares 
Treasury shares -  loss on sale 
Treasury shares -  acquisition 
Payments to ICES holders 
Increase due to termination of ICES  

Balance as at 31 December 2021 

28,000 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
28,000 

28,000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
28,000 

49. 
40. 
28. 
28. 
28. 
27. 

40. 

28. 
28. 
28. 
27. 
27. 

52 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
52 

52 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
52 

2,319,211 
259,416 
55,823 
315,239 
- 
- 
3,394 
- 
(3,967) 
- 
(4,853) 
2,629,024 

2,629,024 
455,592 
16,689 
472,281 
- 
3,589 
1,034 
- 
(27,800) 
- 
(3,734) 
35,063 
3,109,457 

(60,931) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
22,773 
- 
(85,922) 
- 
(124,080) 

(124,080) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
293,572 
- 
(276,433) 
- 
- 
(106,941) 

2,286,332 
259,416 
55,823 
315,239 
- 
- 
3,394 
22,773 
(3,967) 
(85,922) 
(4,853) 
2,532,996 

2,532,996 
455,592 
16,689 
472,281 
- 
3,589 
1,034 
293,572 
(27,800) 
(276,433) 
(3,734) 
35,063 
3,030,568 

4,956 
220 
(443) 
(223) 
(382) 
(235) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
4,116 

4,116 
836 
205 
1,041 
1,041 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
6,198 

2,291,288 
259,636 
55,380 
315,016 
(382) 
(235) 
3,394 
22,773 
(3,967) 
(85,922) 
(4,853) 
2,537,112 

2,537,112 
456,428 
16,894 
473,322 
1,041 
3,589 
1,034 
293,572 
(27,800) 
(276,433) 
(3,734) 
35,063 
3,036,766 

1 See details in Note 27, where the Retained earnings and other reserves category contains the capital reserve, share-based payment reserve and option reserve. 
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements on pages 10 to 179 form an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards as adopted by EU. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH-FLOWS FOR THE YEAR 
ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 
 (in HUF mn) 

OPERATING ACTIVITIES 

Note 

2021 

2020 

Net profit for the period  

(attributable to the owners of the company) 
Net accrued interest 
Dividend income 
Depreciation and amortization 
Loss allowance on securities 

Loss allowance on loans and placements,  

amounts due from banks and on repo receivables 

Loss allowance / (Release of loss allowance)on investments 
Release of loss allowance on investment properties 
Impairment on tangible and intangible assets 
Loss allowance on other assets  
Provision on off-balance sheet  

commitments and contingent liabilities 

Share-based payment 
Unrealized losses on fair value change of financial 
instrumentum at fair value through profit or loss  

Non-realized foreign exchange loss / (gain) 
Loss / (Gain) from sale of tangible and intangible assets 
Unrealized losses / (gains) on fair value change of  

derivative financial instruments 

Gain on discontinued operations 

Net changes in assets and liabilities in operating activities 

Net (increase) / decrease in securities 
at fair value through profit or loss 

Net (increase) / decrease in compulsory reserves  

at the National Banks 

Increase in placement with other banks, 
 before loss allowance for placements 

Net increase in loans at amortized cost before loss allowance  

for loans and in loans at fair value 

Net increase in other assets  
before loss allowance 

Net increase in amounts due to banks,  

the National Governments, deposits from  the National Banks  
and other banks and repo liabilities 

Net increase in financial liabilities designated  

at fair value through profit or loss 

Net increase in deposits from customers 
Cash payments for the interest portion of the lease liability 
Net increase in other liabilities 
Income tax paid 

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities 

27. 
13. 
9.,10. 

5., 6., 7., 11. 
12. 
14. 
13. 
16. 

24. 
40. 

33. 
33. 
13. 

33. 
49. 

8. 

5. 

6. 

11. 

16. 

455,592 
14,854 
(15,648) 
100,321 
3,974 

27,721 
6,640 
(243) 
2,772 
1,986 

10,856 
3,589 

11,404 
22,258 
129 

18,982 
(116) 

259,416 
(9,040) 
(527) 
98,385 
7,309 

251,440 
(381) 
(741) 
51 
7,416 

14,792 
3,394 

762 
(6,820) 
(637) 

(25,068) 
(5,391) 

(126,364) 

23,928 

(96,936) 

17,839 

(307,731) 

(903,119) 

(2,206,183) 

(1,473,258) 

(17,930) 

(86,868) 

17., 18. 

299,138 

470,671 

19. 
20. 
36. 
24. 
35. 

1,315 
3,125,494 
(935) 
186,319 
(47,876) 
1,473,382 

4,647 
2,306,621 
(1,592) 
61,684 
(37,729) 
977,184 

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements on pages 10 to 179 form an integral part of these Consolidated 
Financial Statements prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by EU. 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH-FLOWS FOR THE YEAR 
ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021  
(in HUF mn) 
[continued] 

Note 

2021 

2020 

INVESTING ACTIVITIES 

Purchase of securities at fair value  

through other comprehensive income 

Proceeds from sale of securities at fair value  

through other comprehensive income 

Purchase of investments  
Proceeds from sale of investments 
Dividends received 
Purchase of securities at amortized cost  
Redemption of securities at amortized cost 
Purchase of property, equipment and intangible assets 
Proceeds from disposals of property,  
equipment and intangible assets 
Purchase of investment properties 
Proceeds from sale of investment properties 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents  

from discontinued operation 

Net cash paid for acquisition 

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

Cash received from issuance of securities 
Cash used for redemption of issued securities 
Cash payments for the principal portion of the lease liability 
Cash received from issuance of subordinated bonds and loans 
Cash used for redemption of subordinated bonds and loans 
Payments to ICES holders 
Sale of Treasury shares 
Purchase of Treasury shares 
Dividends paid 

Net Cash Provided by / (Used in) Financing Activities 

TOTAL NET CASH (USED IN) / PROVIDED BY 

Cash and cash equivalents  

at the beginning of the period 
Foreign currency translation 

Net change in cash and cash equivalent 
Adjustment due to discontinued operation 

Cash and cash equivalents  
at the end of the period 

9. 

9. 
12. 
12. 
27. 
10. 
10. 
13. 

13. 
14. 
14. 

49. 

21. 
21. 
36. 
25. 
25. 
27. 
28. 
28. 
27. 

5. 

5. 

(2,342,772) 

(1,864,934) 

2,217,702 
(32,626) 
11,207 
15,648 
(6,249,137) 
4,997,215 
(300,715) 

119,661 
(134) 
7,983 

116 
- 
(1,555,852) 

76,728 
(106,350) 
(14,149) 
2,676 
- 
71,688 
293,572 
(276,433) 
(10) 
47,722 

2,162,682 
(33,494) 
2,382 
399 
(6,655,496) 
6,022,703 
(136,130) 

68,625 
(574) 
10,416 

5,544 
- 
(417,877) 

149,105 
(78,597) 
(16,856) 
773 
(2,600) 
(4,853) 
18,806 
(85,922) 
(10) 
(20,154) 

(34,748) 

539,153 

1,674,777 
61,533 
(34,748) 
2 

1,049,737 
69,036 
539,153 
16,851 

1,701,564 

1,674,777 

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements on pages 10 to 179 form an integral part of these Consolidated 
Financial Statements prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by EU. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 1: 

ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

1.1.  General information 

OTP Bank Plc. (the “Bank” or “OTP Bank”) was established on 31 December 1990, when the previously State-
owned  company  was  transformed  into  a  public  liability  company.  The  Bank’s  registered  office  address  is  16, 
Nador Street, Budapest 1051. 

Due  to Hungarian legislation  audit services are a  statutory  requirement  for OTP Bank.  Disclosure information 
about the auditor: Ernst & Young Audit Ltd. (001165), 1132 Budapest Váci Street 20. Registered under 01-09-
267553  by  Budapest-Capital  Regional  Court,  as  registry  court.  Statutory  registered  auditor:  Zsuzsanna 
Nagyváradiné Szépfalvi, registration number: 005313.  

These Consolidated Financial Statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 
17 March 2022. The Bank’s owners have the power to amend the Consolidated Financial Statements after issue 
if applicable. 

In  1995,  the  shares  of  the  Bank  were  introduced  on  the  Budapest  and  the  Luxembourg  Stock  Exchanges  and 
were also traded on the SEAQ board on the London Stock Exchange and on PORTAL in the USA. 

The structure of the Share capital by shareholders (%): 

Domestic and foreign private and  

institutional investors 

Employees 
Treasury shares 
Total 

2021 

2020 

97% 
1% 
2% 
100% 

97% 
1% 
2% 
100% 

The Bank’s Registered Capital consists of 280.000.010 pieces of ordinary shares with the nominal value of HUF 
100 each, representing the same rights to the shareholders. 

The  Bank  and  its  subsidiaries  (“Entities  of  the  Group“,  together  the  “Group”  or  “OTP Group”)  provide  a  full 
range  of  commercial  banking  services  through  a  wide  network  of  1,455  branches  in  the  following  countries 
Hungary, Bulgaria, Serbia, Croatia, Russia, Romania, Ukraine, Albania, Montenegro, Moldova and Slovenia, as 
well as provides other services in the Netherlands, Cyprus and Malta. 

The number of the active employees without long-term breaks, and with part-time employees taken into account 
proportionately, and the average number of active employees on monthly basis at the Group: 

The number of employees at the Group  
The average number of employees at the Group  

1.2.  Basis of Accounting 

2021 

37,866 
37,890 

2020 

38,626 
39,943 

These Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared based on the assumptions of the Management that the 
Bank will remain in business for the foreseeable future and that the Bank will not be forced to halt operations 
and liquidate its assets in the near term at what may be very low fire-sale prices.  

The Entities of the Group maintain their accounting records and prepare their statutory accounts in accordance 
with the commercial, banking and fiscal regulations prevailing in Hungary and in case of foreign subsidiaries in 
accordance with the commercial, banking and fiscal regulations of the country in which they are domiciled. 

The Bank’s functional currency is the Hungarian Forint (“HUF”). It is also presentation currency for the Group. 
The financial statements of the subsidiaries used during the preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements of 
the  Group  have  the  same  reporting  period  –  starting  from  1  January  ending  as  at  31  December  –  like  the 
reporting period of the Group.  

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 1: 

ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
[continued] 

1.2.  Basis of Accounting [continued] 

Due  to  the  fact  that  the  Bank  is  listed  on  international  and  national  stock  exchanges,  the  Bank  is  obliged  to 
present  its  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”)  as 
adopted by the European Union (the “EU”). 
Certain  adjustments  have  been  made  to  the  Entities’  statutory  accounts  in  order  to  present  the  Consolidated 
Financial  Statements  of  the  Group  in  accordance  with  all  standards  and  interpretations  approved  by  the 
International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).  

These Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as adopted by the EU.  

1.2.1.  The effect of adopting new and revised International Financial Reporting Standards effective from 

1 January 2021 

The  following  amendments  to  the  existing  standards  and  new  interpretation  issued  by  the  International 
Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and adopted by the EU are effective for the current reporting period: 

-  Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16 “Interest Rate Benchmark Reform – 
Phase 2 adopted by EU on 13 January 2021 (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 
2021), 

-  Amendments to IFRS 4 “Insurance Contracts” – “Deferral of IFRS 9” adopted by EU on 15 December 

2020 (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2021), 

-  IFRS 17 “Insurance Contracts” (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2021), 
-  Amendments  to  IFRS  16  “Leases”  –    “Covid  19-Related  Rent  Concessions  beyond  30  June  2021” 

(effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 April 2021). 

The adoption of these amendments to the existing standards has not led to any material changes in the Group’s 
Consolidated Financial Statements. 

1.2.2.  New and revised Standards and Interpretations issued by IASB and adopted by the EU but not yet 

effective 

At the date  of authorization of these financial  statements  there are new standards, amendments to the existing 
standards nor interpretations which are issued by IASB and adopted by the EU which are not yet effective: 

-  Amendments  to  IFRS  1  “First-time  Adoption  of  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards”, 
IFRS 9 “Financial Instruments”, IAS 41 “Agriculture”– “Annual Improvements to IFRSs 2018-2020 
Cycle”  -  adopted  by  EU  on  28  June  2021  (effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  1  January 
2022), 

-  Amendments to  IFRS 3 “Business Combinations”;  IAS 16 “Property,  Plant  and  Equipment”;  IAS 
37 “Provisions, Contingent  Liabilities and Contingent  Assets”  - adopted by  the EU on 28 June  2021 
Annual Improvements (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022), 

-  Amendments to  IFRS 17 “Insurance Contracts” (effective  for annual periods beginning on or after 1 

January 2023). 

The Group does not adopt these new standards and amendments to existing standards before their effective date. 
The Group anticipates that the adoption of these new standards, amendments to the existing standards and new 
interpretations will have no material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Group in the period 
of initial application. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 1: 

 ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
[continued] 

1.2.  Basis of Accounting [continued] 

1.2.3.  Standards and Interpretations issued by IASB, but not yet adopted by the EU  

At present, IFRS as adopted by the EU do not significantly differ from regulations adopted by the International 
Accounting  Standards  Board  (IASB)  except  for  the  following  new  standards,  amendments  to  the  existing 
standards  and  new  interpretation,  which  were  not  endorsed  for  use  in  EU  as  at  the  publication  of  these 
Consolidated Financial Statements: 

-  Amendments to IAS 1 “Presentation of Financial Statements” - Classification of Liabilities as Current 

or Non-Current (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023), 

-  Amendments  to  IAS  1  “Presentation  of  Financial  Statements”  and  IFRS  Practice  Statement  2  – 
Disclosure of Accounting policies (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023), 

-  Amendments  to  IAS  8  “Accounting  policies,  Changes  in  Accounting  Estimates  and  Errors”  – 
Definition of Accounting Estimates (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023),  
-  Amendments  to  IFRS  10  “Consolidated  Financial  Statements”  and  IAS  28  “Investments  in 
Associates and Joint Ventures” – Sale or Contribution of Assets between an Investor and its Associate 
or Joint Venture and further amendments (effective date deferred indefinitely until the research project on 
the equity method has been concluded), 
Amendments to IAS 12 “Income Taxes” – Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a 
Single Transaction (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023), 
Amendments  to  IFRS  17  “Insurance  Contracts”  –  Initial  application  of  IFRS  17  and  IFRS  9  – 
Comparative Information (effective date for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023). 

- 

- 

The Group anticipates that the adoption of these new standards, amendments to the existing Standards and new 
interpretations  will  have  no  significant  impact  on  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  of  the  Group  in  the 
period of initial application. 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Significant  accounting  policies  applied  in  the  preparation  of  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements are summarized below: 

2.1.  Basis of Presentation 

These  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  have  been  prepared  under  the  historical  cost  convention  with  the 
exception of certain financial instruments, which are recorded at fair value. Revenues and expenses are recorded 
in the period in which they are earned or incurred. The Group does not offset assets and liabilities or income and 
expenses unless it is required or permitted by an IFRS standard. 

During  the  preparation  of  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  assets  and  liabilities,  income  and  expenses  are 
presented separately, except in certain cases, when one of the IFRS standards prescribes net presenting related to 
certain items (see note 2.8. below). 

The presentation of Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with IFRS as adopted by the EU requires 
the Management of the Group to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and 
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date  of the  financial statements and their 
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those 
estimates. 
Future changes in economic conditions, business strategies, regulatory requirements, accounting rules and other 
factors could result in a change in estimates that could have a material impact on future financial statements. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2:  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.2.  Foreign currency translation 

In  preparing  the  financial  statements  of  each  individual  group  entity,  transactions  in  currencies  other  than  the 
entity's functional currencies are translated into functional currencies at the rates of exchange prevailing at the 
dates of the transactions. At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies 
are retranslated at the exchange rates quoted by the National Bank of Hungary (“NBH”), or if there is no official 
rate, at exchange rates quoted by OTP Bank as at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements.  

Non-monetary items carried at fair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates 
prevailing  at  the  date  when  the  fair  value  was  determined.  Non-monetary  items  that  are  measured  in  terms  of 
historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated. 
Exchange differences on monetary items are recognized in profit or loss in the period in which they arise except 
for: 

- exchange differences on foreign currency borrowings relating to assets under construction for future 

productive use, which are included in the cost of those assets when they are regarded as an adjustment to 
interest costs on those foreign currency borrowings; 

- exchange differences on transactions entered into in order to hedge certain foreign currency risks (see note 

2.7. below for hedging accounting policies); and 

- exchange differences on monetary items receivable from or payable to a foreign operation for which 

settlement is neither planned nor likely to occur (therefore forming part of the net investment in the foreign 
operation), which are recognized initially in Other Comprehensive Income and reclassified from equity to 
profit or loss on repayment of the monetary items.  

For the purposes of presenting Consolidated Financial Statements, the assets and liabilities of the Group's foreign 
operations are translated into HUF using exchange rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period. Income 
and  expense  items  are  translated  at  the  average  exchange  rates  for  the  period,  unless  exchange  rates  fluctuate 
significantly  during  that  period,  in  which  case  the  exchange  rates  at  the  dates  of  the  transactions  are  used. 
Exchange differences arising, if any, are recognized in Other Comprehensive Income and accumulated in equity 
(attributed to non-controlling interests as appropriate). 

On the disposal of a foreign operation (i.e. a disposal of the Group's entire interest in a foreign operation, or a 
disposal involving loss of control over a subsidiary that includes a foreign operation, a disposal involving loss of 
joint  control  over  a  jointly  controlled  entity  that  includes  a  foreign  operation,  or  a  disposal  involving  loss  of 
significant  influence  over  an  associate  that  includes  a  foreign  operation),  all  of  the  exchange  differences 
accumulated  in  equity  in  respect  of  that  operation  attributable  to  the  owners  of  the  Group  are  reclassified  to 
profit or loss.  

In addition, in relation to a partial disposal of a subsidiary that does not result in the Group losing control over 
the subsidiary, the proportionate share of accumulated exchange differences are re-attributed to non-controlling 
interests and are not recognized in profit or loss.  

Goodwill and fair value adjustments on identifiable assets and liabilities acquired arising on the acquisition of a 
foreign  operation  are  treated  as  assets  and  liabilities  of  the  foreign  operation  and  translated  at  the  rate  of 
exchange  prevailing at the end of each reporting period. Exchange differences arising are  recognized  in  Other 
Comprehensive Income and accumulated in equity.  

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2:  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.3.  Principles of consolidation 

As the ultimate parent, OTP Bank is preparing Consolidated Financial Statements of the Group. 

These Consolidated Financial Statements combine the assets, liabilities, equity, income, expenses and cash flows 
of the Bank and of those subsidiaries of the Bank in which the Bank exercises control.  
All  intra-group  transactions  are  consolidated  fully  on  a  line-by-line  basis  while  under  equity  method  other 
consolidation  rules  are  applied.  Determination  of  the  entities  which  are  involved  into  the  consolidation 
procedures  based on the determination of the Group’s Control over another entity. Control exists when the Bank 
has  power  over  the  investee,  is  able  to  use  this  power  and  is  exposed  or  has  right  to  variable  returns. 
Consolidation of a subsidiary should begin  from the date  when the Group obtains control and cease  when the 
Group  loses  control.  Therefore,  income  and  expenses  of  a  subsidiary  should  be  included  in  the  Consolidated 
Financial  Statements  from  the  date  the  Group  gains  control  of  the  subsidiary  until  the  date  when  the  Group 
ceases to have control of the subsidiary. 
The list of the major fully consolidated subsidiaries, the percentage of issued capital owned by the Bank and the 
description of their activities is provided in Note 42.  

2.4.  Accounting for acquisitions 

Business combinations are accounted  for using  the  acquisition  method.  Any  goodwill arising on acquisition is 
recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position and accounted for as indicated below.  
The acquisition date is the date on which the acquirer effectively obtains control over the  acquiree. Before this 
date, it should be presented as Advance for investments within Other assets. 
Goodwill, which represents the residual cost of the acquisition after obtaining the control over the acquiree in the 
fair value of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed is held as an intangible asset and recorded at 
cost less any accumulated impairment losses in the Consolidated Financial Statements. The Group tests goodwill 
for impairment by comparing its recoverable amount with its carrying amount, and recognising any excess of the 
carrying  amount  over  the  recoverable  amount  an  impairment  loss.  The  recoverable  amount  of  goodwill  is  the 
higher of its fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. 

If the Group loses control of a subsidiary, derecognizes the assets (including any goodwill) and liabilities of the 
subsidiary at their carrying amounts at the date when control is lost and recognizes any difference as a gain or 
loss on the sale  attributable to the  parent in the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss on Net income  from 
discontinued operations. 

Goodwill acquired in a business combination is tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events or 
changes  in  circumstances  indicate.  The  goodwill  is  allocated  to  the  cash-generating  units  that  are  expected  to 
benefit from the synergies of the combinations. 
The Group calculates the fair value of identified assets and liabilities assumed on discounted cash-flow model. 
The 3 year period explicit cash-flow model serves as a basis for the impairment test by which the Group defines 
the impairment need on goodwill based on the strategic factors and financial data of its cash-generating units.  

The Group, in its strategic plan, has taken into consideration the effects of the present global economic situation, 
the present economic growth and outlook, the associated risks and their possible effect on the financial sector as 
well as the current and expected availability of wholesale funding. 

Negative  goodwill  (gain  from  bargain  purchase),  when  the  interest  of  the  acquirer  in  the  net  fair  value  of  the 
acquired identifiable net assets exceeds the cost of the business combination, is recognized immediately in the 
Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss as “Other income”. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2:  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.5.  Securities at amortized cost 

The Group measures at amortized cost those securities which are held for contractual cash collecting purposes, 
and contractual terms of these securities give rise to cash flows that are solely payment of principal and interest 
on the principal amount outstanding. The  Group initially recognizes these securities at fair value. Securities at 
amortized  cost  are  subsequently  measured  using  the  effective  interest  (“EIR”)  method  and  are  subject  to 
impairment. The amortisation of any discount or premium  on the acquisition of a  security at amortized cost is 
part  of  the  amortized  cost  and  is  recognized  as  interest  income  so  that  the  revenue  recognized  in  each  period 
represents a constant yield on the investment. Securities at amortized cost are accounted for on a trade date basis. 
The Group applies the FIFO1 inventory valuation method for securities at amortized cost. 
Such securities comprise mainly securities issued by the Hungarian and foreign Governments, corporate bonds, 
mortgage bonds and discounted treasury bills. 

2.6.  Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 

2.6.1.  Securities held for trading 

Investments  in  securities  are  accounted  for  on  a  trade  date  basis  and  are  initially  measured  at  fair  value. 
Securities  held  for  trading  are  measured  at  subsequent  reporting  dates  at  fair  value,  so  unrealized  gains  and 
losses on held for trading securities are recognized in profit or loss and included in the Consolidated Statement 
of Profit or Loss for the period. The Group holds held for trading securities within the business model to obtain 
short-term  gains,  consequently  realized  and  unrealized  gains  and  losses  are  recognized  in  the  net  operating 
income, while interest income is recognized in income similar to interest income. The Group applies the FIFO 
inventory valuation method for securities held for trading.  
Such  securities  consist  of  equity  instruments,  shares  in  investment  funds,  Hungarian  and  foreign  government 
bonds, corporate bonds, discounted treasury bills, mortgage bonds and other securities.  

2.6.2.  Financial assets designated as fair value through profit or loss 

The Group may - at initial recognition - irrevocable designate a financial asset as measured at fair value through 
profit  or  loss  that  would  otherwise  be  measured  at  fair  value  through  other  comprehensive  income  or  at 
amortized cost. 
The Group may use fair value designation only in the following cases: 
- 

if the classification eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency that 
would otherwise arise from measuring assets or liabilities or recognising the gains and losses on them on 
different bases (‘accounting mismatch’) 

The use of the fair value designation is based only on direct decision of management of the Group. 

2.6.3.  Derivative financial instruments 

In  the  normal  course  of  business,  the  Group  is  a  party  to  contracts  for  derivative  financial  instruments,  which 
represent  a  low  initial  investment  compared  to  the  notional  value  of  the  contract  and  their  value  depends  on 
value of underlying asset and are settled in the future. The derivative financial instruments used include interest 
rate  forward  or  swap  agreements  and  currency  forward  or  swap  agreements  and  options.  These  financial 
instruments  are  used  by  the  Group  both  for  trading  purposes  and  to  hedge  interest  rate  risk  and  currency 
exposures associated with its transactions in the financial markets.  

Derivative financial instruments are accounted for on a trade date basis and are initially measured at fair value 
and  at  subsequent  reporting  dates  also  at  fair  value.  Fair  values  are  obtained  from  quoted  market  prices, 
discounted  cash-flow  models  and  option  pricing  models  as  appropriate.  The  Group  adopts  a  multi  curve 
valuation approach for calculating the net present value of future cash-flows – based on different curves used for 
determining  forward  rates  and  used  for  discounting  purposes.  It  shows  the  best  estimation  of  such  derivative 
deals that are collateralised as the Group has almost all of its open derivative transactions collateralised.  
Changes  in  the  fair  value  of  derivative  financial  instruments  that  do  not  qualify  for  hedge  accounting  are 
recognized in profit or loss and are included in the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss for the period. Each 
derivative deal is determined as asset when fair value is positive and as liability when fair value is negative.  

1 First In First Out 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2:  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.6.  Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss [continued] 

2.6.3.  Derivative financial instruments [continued] 

Certain derivative transactions, while providing effective economic hedges under the risk management policy of 
the Group, do not qualify for hedge accounting under the specific rules of  IFRS 9 and are therefore treated as 
derivatives  held  for trading  with  fair  value  gains and  losses charged directly to the  Consolidated Statement of 
Profit or Loss. 

Foreign currency contracts 

Foreign  currency  contracts  are  agreements  to  exchange  specific  amounts  of  currencies  at  a  specified  rate  of 
exchange, at a spot date (settlement occurs two days after the trade date) or at a forward date (settlement occurs 
more than two days after the trade date). The notional amount of these forward contracts does not represent the 
actual market or credit risk associated with these contracts. 
Foreign  currency  contracts  are  used  by  the  Group  for  risk  management  and  trading  purposes.  The  risk 
management foreign currency contracts of the Group were used to hedge the exchange rate fluctuations of loans 
and deposits to credit institutions denominated in foreign currency. 

Foreign exchange swaps and interest rate swaps 

The Group enters into foreign exchange swap and interest rate swap (“IRS”) transactions. The swap transaction 
is an agreement concerning the swap of certain financial instruments, which usually consists of spot and one or 
more forward contracts. 
IRS  transactions  oblige  two  parties  to  exchange  one  or  more  payments  calculated  with  reference  to  fixed  or 
periodically  reset  rates  of  interest  applied  to  a  specific  notional  principal  amount  (the  base  of  the  interest 
calculation).  Notional  principal  is  the  amount  upon  which  interest  rates  are  applied  to  determine  the  payment 
streams under IRS transactions. Such notional principal amounts often are used to express the volume of these 
transactions but are not actually exchanged between the counterparties.  
IRS transactions are used by the Group for risk management and trading purposes. 

Cross-currency interest rate swaps 

The Group enters into cross-currency interest rate swap (CCIRS) transactions which have special attributes, i.e. 
the parties exchange the notional amount at the beginning and also at the maturity of the transaction. A special 
type  of  these  deals  is  the  mark-to-market  CCIRS  agreements.  For  these  kind  of  transactions  the  parties  –  in 
accordance with the foreign exchange prices – revalue the notional amount during lifetime of the transaction. 

Equity and commodity swaps 

Equity  swaps  obligate  two  parties  to  exchange  more  payments  calculated  with  reference  to  periodically  reset 
rates  of  interest  and  performance  of  indices.  A  specific  notional  principal  amount  is  the  base  of  the  interest 
calculation.  The  payment  of  index  return  is  calculated  on  the  basis  of  current  market  price  compared  to  the 
previous market price. In case of commodity swaps payments are calculated on the basis of the strike price of a 
predefined commodity compared to its average market price in a period.  

Forward rate agreements (FRA) 

A  forward  rate  agreement  is  an  agreement  to  settle  amounts  at  a  specified  future  date  based  on  the  difference 
between an interest rate index and an agreed upon fixed rate. Market risk arises from changes in the market value 
of contractual positions caused by movements in interest rates.  

The Group limits its exposure to market risk by entering into generally matching or offsetting positions and by 
establishing and monitoring limits on unmatched positions. Credit risk is managed through approval procedures 
that establish specific limits for individual counterparties. The Group’s forward rate agreements were transacted 
for management of interest rate exposures and have been accounted for at mark-to-market fair value. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2:  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.6.  Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss [continued] 

2.6.3   Derivative financial instruments [continued] 

Foreign exchange options 

A foreign exchange option is a derivative financial instrument that gives the owner the right to exchange money 
denominated in one currency into another currency at a pre-agreed exchange rate at a specified future date. The 
transaction, for a fee, guarantees a worst-case exchange rate for the futures purchase of one currency for another. 
These  options  protect  against  unfavourable  currency  movements  while  preserving  the  ability  to  participate  in 
favourable movements. 

2.7.  Hedge accounting 

Derivative financial instruments designated as a fair-value hedge 

Changes  in  the  fair  value  of  derivatives  that  are  designated  and  qualify  as  hedging  instruments  in  fair  value 
hedges  and  that  prove  to  be  highly  effective  in  relation  to  the  hedged  risk,  are  recorded  in  the  Consolidated 
Statement of Profit or Loss along with the corresponding change in fair value of the hedged asset or liability that 
is attributable to the specific hedged risk. Changes in the fair value of hedging instrument in fair value hedges is 
charged directly to the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss. 
The  conditions  of  hedge  accounting  applied  by  the  Bank  are  the  following:  formally  designated  as  hedge 
relationship, proper hedge documentation is prepared, effectiveness test is performed and based on it the hedge is 
qualified as effective.  
The Group implemented hedge accounting rules prescribed by IFRS 9 in 2018. 

Derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedge 

Changes  in  the  fair  value  of  derivatives  that  are  designated  and  qualify  as  hedging  instrument  in  cash-flow 
hedges and that prove to be highly effective in relation to the hedged risk are recognized in their effective portion 
as  reserve  in  Other  Comprehensive  Income.  The  ineffective  element  of  the  changes  in  fair  value  of  hedging 
instrument is charged directly to the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss. 
The  Group  terminates  the  hedge  relationship  if  the  hedging  instrument  expires  or  is  sold,  terminated  or 
exercised, or the hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting. In the case of cash-flow hedges – in 
line  with  the  standard  -hedge  accounting  is  still  applied  by  the  Group  as  long  as  the  underlying  asset  is 
derecognized. 

Net investment hedge in foreign operations 

Hedges of a net investment in a foreign operation, including a hedge of a monetary item that is accounted for as 
part of the net investment, shall be accounted for similarly to cash flow hedges.  
On  the  disposal  of  a  foreign  operation,  the  cumulative  value  of  any  gains  and  losses  recognized  in  Other 
Comprehensive Income is transferred to the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss. 

2.8.  Offsetting 

Financial  assets  and  liabilities  are  offset  and  the  net  amount  is  reported  in  the  Consolidated  Statement  of 
Financial  Position  when  the  Group  has  a  legally  enforceable  right  to  set  off  the  recognized  amounts  and  the 
transactions are intended to be reported in the  Consolidated Statement of Financial  Position on a  net basis. In 
case of the derivative financial instruments the Group applies offsetting and net presentation in the Consolidated 
Statement of Financial Position when the Group has the right and the ability to settle these assets and liabilities 
on a net basis. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.9.  Embedded derivatives 

Sometimes, a derivative may be a component of a combined or hybrid contracts that includes a host contract and 
a  derivative  (the  embedded  derivative)  affecting  cash-flows  or  otherwise  modifying  the  characteristics  of  the 
host  instrument.  An  embedded  derivative  must  be  separated  from  the  host  instrument  and  accounted  for  as  a 
separate derivative if, and only if: 

  The economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative are not closely related to the economic 

characteristics and risks of the host contract; 

  A separate financial instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative would meet the definition 

of a derivative as a stand-alone instrument; and 

  The host instrument is not measured at fair value or is measured at fair value but changes in fair value are 

recognized in Other Comprehensive Income. 

As  long  as  a  hybrid  contract  contains  a  host  that  is  a  financial  asset  the  general  accounting  rules  for 
classification,  recognition  and  measurement  of  financial  assets  are  applicable  for  the  whole  contract  and  no 
embedded derivative is separated. 

Derivatives that are required to be separated are measured at fair value at initial recognition and subsequently.If 
the  Group  is  unable  to  measure  the  embedded  derivative  separately  either  at  acquisition  or  at  the  end  of  a 
subsequent  financial  reporting  period,  the  Group  shall  designate  the  entire  hybrid  contract  as  at  fair  value 
through profit or loss. The Group shall assess whether an embedded derivative is required to be separated from 
the host contract and accounted for as a derivative when the Bank first becomes a party to the contract. 

2.10.  Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income are held within a business model whose objective is 
achieved by both collecting of contractual cash flows and selling securities. Furthermore, the contractual terms 
of these securities give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payment of principal and interest on 
the principal amount outstanding. 

Debt instruments 

Investments  in  debt  securities  are  accounted  for  on  a  trade  date  basis  and  are  initially  measured  at  fair  value. 
Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income are measured at subsequent reporting dates at fair 
value. Unrealized gains and losses on securities at fair value through other comprehensive income are recognized 
directly  in  Other  Comprehensive  Income,  except  for  interest  and  foreign  exchange  gains/losses  on  monetary 
items, unless such financial asset at fair value through other comprehensive income is part of an effective hedge. 
Such gains and losses are reported when realized in Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss for the applicable 
period.  The  Group  applies  the  FIFO1  inventory  valuation  method  for  securities  at  fair  value  through  other 
comprehensive income. 

For debt securities at fair value through other comprehensive income the loss allowance is calculated based on 
expected credit loss model. The expected credit loss is accounted for against Other Comprehensive Income.  
Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income are remeasured at fair value based on quoted prices 
or  amounts  derived  from  cash-flow  models.  In  circumstances  where  the  quoted  market  prices  are  not  readily 
available, the fair value of debt securities is estimated using the present value of future cash-flows and the fair 
value of any unquoted equity instruments are calculated using the EPS ratio. 

Such  securities  consist  of  Hungarian  and  foreign  government  bonds,  corporate  bonds,  mortgage  bonds, 
discounted and interest bearing Treasury bills, securities issued by the NBH and other securities.  

1 First In First Out 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2:  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.10.  Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income [continued] 

Fair value through other comprehensive income option for equity instruments 

The  Group  has  elected  to  present  in  the  Statement  of  Other  Comprehensive  Income  changes  of  fair  value  of 
those equity instruments which are neither held for trading nor recognized under IFRS 3. 
In  some  cases,  the  Group  made  an  irrevocable  election  at  initial  recognition  for  certain  equity  instruments  to 
present  subsequent  changes  in  fair  value  of  these  securities  in  the  consolidated  other  comprehensive  income 
instead of in profit or loss. 
The use of the fair value option is based only on direct decision of management of the Group. 

2.11.  Loans, placements with other banks, repo receivables and loss allowance for loan and placements 

and repo receivable losses 

The Group measures at amortized cost those Loans and placements with other banks and repo receivables, which 
are  held to collect contractual cash  flows, and contractual  terms of these assets give rise on  specified dates to 
cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. These loans 
are  recognized  as  Loans  at  amortized  cost  in  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Financial  Position.  The  Group 
recognizes those financial assets which are not held for trading and do not give rise to contractual cash flows that 
are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding as loans measured at fair value 
through profit or loss. These loans are recognized as Loans mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss in the 
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. 
Those Loans and placements with other banks and repo receivables that are accounted at amortized cost, stated 
at the principal amounts outstanding (including accrued interest), net of allowance for loan or placement losses, 
respectively.  

In case of the above mentioned financial assets measured at amortised cost transaction fees and charges adjust 
the carrying amount at initial recognition and are included in effective interest calculation. In case of loans at fair 
value  through  profit  or  loss  fees  and  charges  are  recognised  when  incurred  in  the  Consolidated  Statement  of 
Profit or Loss. 
Loans and placements with other banks and repo receivables are derecognized when the contractual rights to the 
cash-flows expire or they are transferred. When a financial asset is derecognized the difference of the carrying 
amount and the consideration received is recognized in the profit or loss in case of financial assets at amortised 
cost the gains or losses from derecognition are presented in “Gains/losses from derecognition of financial assets 
at  amortised  cost”  line  while  in  case  of  loans  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  the  gains  or  losses  from 
derecognition are presented in “Net operating income”. 

Change in the fair value of loans at fair value through profit or loss is broken down into two components and 
presented in the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss as follows: 

•  Portion of the change in fair value arising from changes in credit risk are presented within “Risk cost” as 
“Change  in  the  fair  value  attributable  to  changes  in  the  credit  risk  of  loans  mandatorily  measured  at  fair 
value through profit of loss”. 

•  The remaining component of the change is presented in fair value within “Net operating income” as “Fair 

value adjustment on financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss”. 

Initially financial assets shall be recognized at fair value which is usually equal to transaction value in case of 
loans  and  placements.  However,  when  the  amounts  are  not  equal,  the  initial  fair  value  difference  should  be 
recognized. 
If  the  fair  value  of  financial  assets  is  based  on  a  valuation  technique  using  only  inputs  observable  in  market 
transactions,  the  Group  recognizes  the  initial  fair  value  difference  in  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Profit  or 
Loss. 
When the  fair value of  financial assets is based on  models  for  which inputs are not observable, the difference 
between  the  transaction  price  and  the  fair  value  is  deferred  and  only  recognized  in  profit  or  loss  when  the 
instrument is derecognized or the inputs became observable. 

Initial fair value of loans lent at interest below market conditions is lower than their transaction price.  

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2:  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.11.  Loans, placements with other banks, repo receivables and loss allowance for loan and placements 

and repo receivable losses [continued] 

The Group recognizes a loss allowance for expected credit losses on a financial asset at each reporting date. The 
loss  allowance  for  a  financial  asset  equals  to  12-month  expected  credit  loss  or  equals  to  the  lifetime  expected 
credit  losses.  The  maximum  period  over  which  expected  credit  losses  shall  be  measured  is  the  maximum 
contractual period over which the Group is exposed to credit risk. 

If  the  credit  risk  on  a  financial  asset  has  not  increased  significantly  since  initial  recognition  then  12-month 
expected  credit  losses,  otherwise  (in  case  of  significant  credit  risk  increase)  lifetime  expected  credit  losses 
should be calculated. The expected credit loss is the present value of the difference between the contractual cash 
flows that are due to the Group under the contract and the cash flows that the Group expects to receive. 

When  the  contractual  cash  flows  of  a  financial  asset  are  modified  and  the  modification  does  not  result  in  the 
derecognition  of  the  financial  asset  the  Group  recalculates  the  gross  carrying  amount  of  the  financial  asset  by 
discounting the expected future  cash  flows  with the original effective interest rate  of the asset. The difference 
between the carrying amount and the present value of the expected cash flows is recognized as a modification 
gain or loss in the profit or loss. Interest and amortized cost are accounted using effective interest rate method.  

Write-offs are generally recorded after all reasonable restructuring or collection activities have taken place and 
the possibility of further recovery is considered to be remote. The loan is written off against the related account 
“Gain / (Loss) from derecognition of financial assets at amortized cost” in the Consolidated Statement of Profit 
or Loss. 

The  Group  applies  partial  or  full  write-off  for  loans  based  on  the  definitions  and  prescriptions  of  financial 
instruments in accordance with IFRS 9. If the Group has no reasonable expectations regarding a financial asset 
(loan) to be recovered, it will be written off partially or fully at the time of emergence.  

The  gross  amount  and  loss  allowance  of  the  loans  shall  be  written  off  in  the  same  amount  to  the  estimated 
maximum  recovery  amount  while  the  net  carrying  value  remains  unchanged.  In  those  cases  when  on  the 
previously partially or fully written-off loans or placements, which perhaps were derecognized from the books 
no having been reasonable expectations but later recoveries could be determined then reversal of written-off will 
be booked in the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss on “Income from recoveries of written-off, but legally 
existing loan” line in Risk cost. 

2.12.  Modified assets 

If the net present value of the contracted cash flows changes due to the modification of the contractual terms and 
it  is  not  qualified  as  derecognition,  modification  gain  or  loss  should  be  calculated  and  accounted  for  in  the 
Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss. Modification gain or loss is accounted in cases like restructuring – as 
defined  in  guidelines  of  the  Group  – prolongation,  renewal  with  unchanged  terms,  renewal  with  shorter  terms 
and prescribing capital repayment rate, if it doesn’t exist or has not been earlier. 
The changes of net present value should be calculated on portfolio level in case of retail exposures. Each retail 
contract is restructured based on restructuring frameworks. The Group has to evaluate these frameworks (and not 
individual contracts). The changes of net present value should be calculated individually on contract level in case 
of corporate portfolio. 

Among the possible contract amendments, the Group considers as a derecognition and a new recognition when 
the discounted present value – discounted at the original effective interest rate – of the cash flows under the new 
terms is at least 10 per cent different from the discounted present value of the remaining cash flows. In case of 
derecognition and new recognition the unamortized fees of the derecognized asset should be presented as Income 
similar to interest income. The newly recognized financial asset is initially measured at fair value and is placed 
in stage 1 if the derecognized financial asset was in stage 1 or stage 2 portfolio. The newly recognized financial 
asset will be purchased or originated credit impaired financial asset (“POCI”) if the derecognized financial asset 
was in stage 3 portfolio or it was POCI. 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2:  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.12.  Modified assets [continued] 

The  modification  gain  or  loss  shall  be  calculated  at  each  contract  amendments  unless  they  are  handled  as  a 
derecognition and new recognition. In case of modification the Group recalculates the gross carrying amount of 
the  financial asset. To do this, the new contractual cash flows should be discounted using the financial asset’s 
original effective interest rate (or credit-adjusted effective interest rate  for POCI financial asset).  Any costs or 
fees incurred adjust the carrying amount of the modified financial asset are amortized over the remaining term of 
the modified financial asset. 

2.13.  Purchased or originated credit impaired financial assets 

Purchased  or  originated  financial  assets  are  credit-impaired  on  initial  recognition.  A  financial  asset  is  credit-
impaired  when  one  or  more  events  that  have  a  detrimental  impact  on  the  estimated  future  cash  flows  of  that 
financial asset have occurred.  

A purchased credit-impaired asset is likely to be acquired at a deep discount. In unusual circumstances, it may be 
possible that an entity originates a credit-impaired asset, for example, following a substantial modification of a 
distressed financial asset that resulted in the derecogniton of the original financial asset. 

In  the  case  of  POCI  financial  assets,  interest  income  is  always  recognized  by  applying  the  credit-adjusted 
effective interest rate. 

For POCI financial assets, in subsequent reporting periods an entity is required to recognize: 

- 
- 

the cumulative changes in lifetime expected credit losses since initial recognition as a loss allowance, 
the impairment gain or loss which is the amount of any change in lifetime expected credit losses. 
An impairment gain is recognized (with the parallel increase of the net amortized cost of receivable) if due 
to the favourable changes after initial recognition the lifetime expected credit loss estimation is becoming 
lower than the original estimated credit losses at initial recognition. 

The POCI qualification remains from initial recognition to derecognition in the Group’s books. 

2.14.  Loss allowance 

A  loss  allowance  for  loans  and  placements  with  other  banks  and  repo  receivables  is  recognized  by  the  Group 
based  on  the  expected  credit  loss  model  in  accordance  with  IFRS  9.  Based  on  the  three  stage  model  the 
recognized  loss  allowance  equals  to  12-month  expected  credit  loss  from  the  initial  recognition.  On  financial 
assets with significantly increased credit risk or credit impaired financial assets (based on objective evidences) 
the recognized loss allowance is the lifetime expected credit loss. 

In  the  case  of  purchased  or  originated  credit  impaired  financial  assets,  a  loss  allowance  is  recognized  in  the 
amount  of  the  lifetime  expected  credit  loss  since  initial  recognition.  The  impairment  gain  in  the  Consolidated 
Statement  of  Profit  or  Loss  is  recognized  if  lifetime  expected  credit  loss  for  purchased  or  originated  credit 
impaired financial assets at measurement date are less than the estimated credit loss at initial recognition. 

A  loss  allowance  for  loans  and  placements  with  other  banks  and  repo  receivables  represents  Management’s 
assessment for potential losses in relation to these activities. 

Loss  allowance  for  loan  and  placements  are  determined  at  a  level  that  provides  coverage  for  individually 
identified  credit  losses.  For  loans  for  which  it  is  not  possible  to  determine  the  amount  of  the  individually 
identified credit loss in the absence of objective evidence, a collective impairment loss is recognized. With this, 
the Group reduces the carrying amount of financial asset portfolios with similar credit risk characteristics to the 
amount expected to be recovered based on historical loss experience. 

At  subsequent  measurement  the  Group  recognizes  an  impairment  gain  or  loss  through  “Impairment  gain  on 
POCI loans” in the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss as part of “Risk cost” line as an amount of expected 
credit losses or reversal which is required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is 
required to be recognized in accordance with IFRS 9.  

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2:  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.14.   Loss allowance [continued] 

If  a  financial  asset,  for  which  previously  there  were  no  indicators  of  significant  increase  in  credit  risk  (i.e. 
classified in Stage 1) is subsequently classified in Stage 2 or Stage 3 then loss allowance is adjusted to lifetime 
expected credit loss. If a financial asset,  which  was previously classified in Stage 2 or Stage 3 is subsequently 
classified in Stage 1 then the loss allowance is adjusted to the level of 12 month expected credit loss. 

Classification into risk classes 

According to the requirements of the IFRS9 the Group classifies the financial assets measured at amortized cost, 
at  fair  value  through  other  comprehensive  income  and  loan  commitments  and  financial  guarantees  into  the 
following stages: 

-  Stage 1 – performing financial instruments without significant increase in credit risk since initial 

recognition 

-  Stage 2 – performing financial instruments with significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition 

but not credit-impaired  

-  Stage 3 – non-performing, credit-impaired financial instruments 
-  POCI – purchased or originated credit impaired 

In the case of trade receivables and contract assets the Group applies the simplified approach and calculates only 
lifetime expected credit loss. The simplified approach is the following: 
- 
- 
- 

for the past 3 years the average annual balance of receivables under simplified approach is calculated,  
the written-off receivables under simplified approach are determined in the past 3 years, 
historical losses are adjusted to reflect information about current conditions and reasonable forecasts of 
future economic conditions, 
the loss allowance ratio is the sum of the written-off amounts divided by the sum of the average balances, 
the loss allowance is multiplied by the end-of-year balance and it is the actual loss allowance on these 
receivables, 
loss allowance should be recalculated annually. 

- 
- 

- 

The  Group  assumes  that  the  credit  risk  on  a  financial  instrument  has  not  increased  significantly  since  initial 
recognition if the financial asset is determined to have low credit risk at the reporting date. This might occur if 
the financial asset has a low risk of default, the borrower has a strong capacity to meet its contractual cash flow 
obligations in the near term and adverse changes in economic and business conditions in the longer term may, 
but  will  not  necessarily,  reduce  the  ability  of  the  borrower  to  fulfil  its  contractual  cash  flow  obligations.  The 
Group considers souvereign exposures as having low credit risk. 

Stage 1: financial instruments for which the events and conditions specified in respect of Stage 2 and Stage 3 do 
not exist on the reporting date. 

A client or loan must be qualified as default if one or both the following two conditions occur:  

  The client delays more than 90 days. This is considered a hard trigger. 
  There is reasonable probability that the client will not pay all of its obligation. This condition is examined 

on the basis of probability criteria of default. 

The subject of default qualification is that exposure (on-balance and off-balance) which originates credit risk (so 
originated from loan commitments, risk-taking contracts).   

A  financial  instruments  shows  significant  increase  in  credit  risk,  and  is  allocated  to  Stage  2,  if  in  respect  of 
which any of the following triggers exist on the reporting date, without fulfilling any of the conditions for the 
allocation to the non-performing stage (stage 3): 
the payment delay exceeds 30 days, 
it is classified as performing forborne, 

 
 
  based on individual decision, its currency suffered a significant "shock" since the disbursement of the 

 

loan, 
the transaction/client rating exceeds a predefined value or falls into a determined range, or compared to 
the historic value it deteriorates to a predefined degree, 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.14.   Loss allowance [continued] 

Classification into risk classes [continued] 

in the case retail mortgage loans, the loan-to-value ratio exceeds a predefined rate, 

 
  default on another loan of the retail client, if no cross-default exists, 
  monitoring classification of corporate and municipal clients above different thresholds defined on group 

- 

financial difficulties at the debtor (capital adequacy, liquidity, deterioration of the instrument 
quality), 

-  significant decrease of the liquidity or the activity on the active market of the financial instrument 

can be observed, 
the rating of the client reflects high risk but it is better than the default one, 

- 
-  significantly decrease in the value of the recovery from which the debtor would disburse the loan, 
-  clients under liquidation.   

A  financial  instrument  is  non-performing  and  it  is  allocated  to  Stage  3  when  any  of  the  following  events  or 
conditions exists on the reporting date: 

  default (based on the group level default definition), 
  classified as non-performing forborne (based on the group level forborne definition), 
 

the monitoring classification of corporate and municipal clients above different thresholds defined on 
group level (including but not limited to): 
- 
- 

breaching of contracts, 
significant financial difficulties of the debtor (like capital adequacy, liquidity, deterioration of the 
instrument quality), 
bankruptcy, liquidation, debt settlement processes against debtor, 
forced strike-off started against debtor, 
termination of loan contract by the bank, 
occurrence of fraud event, 
termination of the active market of the financial instrument. 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

If the exposure is no longer considered as credit impaired, the Group allocates this exposure to Stage 2. 

When  loss  allowance  is  calculated  at  exposures  categorized  into  stages  the  following  process  is  needed  by 
stages: 

  Stage 1 (performing): loss allowance at an amount equal to 12-month expected credit loss should be 

recognized,  

  Stage 2 (significant increase in credit risk): loss allowance at an amount equal to lifetime expected 

credit loss should be recognized, 

  Stage 3 (non-performing): loss allowance at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit loss should be 

recognized. 

For  lifetime  expected  credit  losses,  an  entity  shall  estimate  the  risk  of  a  default  occurring  on  the  financial 
instrument during its expected life. 12-month expected credit losses are a portion of the lifetime expected credit 
losses  and  represent  the  lifetime  cash  shortfalls  that  will  result  if  a  default  occurs  in  the  12  months  after  the 
reporting date (or a shorter period if the expected life of a financial instrument is less than 12 months), weighted 
by the probability of that default occurring. 

An entity shall measure expected credit losses of a financial instrument in a way that reflects: 

- 

- 
- 

an  unbiased  and  probability-weighted  amount  that  is  determined  by  evaluating  a  range  of  possible 
outcomes 
the time value of money and 
reasonable  and  supportable  information  that  is  available  without  undue  cost  or  effort  at  the  reporting 
date about past events, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions. 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.15.  Sale and repurchase agreements, security lending 

Where debt or equity securities are sold under a commitment to repurchase them at a pre-determined price, they 
remain on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position and the consideration received is recorded in Other 
liabilities  or  Amounts  due  to  banks,  the  National  Governments,  deposits  from  the  National  Banks  and  other 
banks. Conversely, debt or equity  securities purchased under a commitment to resell are not recognized in the 
Consolidated  Statement of  Financial Position and the consideration paid is recorded either in Placements  with 
other banks or Deposits from customers. Interest is accrued based on the effective interest method evenly over 
the life of the repurchase agreement. 
In the case of security lending transactions the Group does not recognize or derecognize the securities because 
believes that the transferor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the securities. Only 
a financial liability or financial receivable is recognized for the consideration amount. 

2.16.  Associates and other investments 

Companies  where  the Bank  has the ability  to exercise significant influence are  accounted for using the equity 
method. Subsidiaries and associated companies that  were not accounted for using the equity method and other 
investments  where  the  Bank  does  not  hold  a  significant  interest  are  recorded  according  to  IFRS  9.  When  an 
investment in an associate is held indirectly through an entity that is a venture capital fund, the Group elects to 
measure these investments in the associate at fair value through profit or loss in accordance with IFRS 9. 

Under  the  equity  method,  the  investment  is  initially  recognized  at  cost,  and  the  carrying  amount  is  adjusted 
subsequently for: 

- 

- 

the  Group’s  share  of  the  post-acquisition  profits  or  losses  of  the  investee,  which  are  recognized  in  the 
Group’s Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss; and 
the distributions received from the investee, which reduce the carrying amount of the investment. 

The Group’s share of the profits or losses of the investee, or other changes in the investee’s equity, is determined 
on the basis of its proportionate ownership interest. The Group recognizes its share of the investee’s income and 
losses based on the percentage of the equity interest owned by the Group. 

Gains and losses on the sale of investments are determined on the basis of the specific identification of the cost 
of each investment.  

2.17.  Property and equipment, Intangible assets 

Property  and  equipment  and  Intangible  assets  are  measured  at  cost,  less  accumulated  depreciation  and 
amortization and impairment, if any.  
Internally  generated  intangibles,  excluding  capitalized  development  costs,  are  not  capitalized  –  the  related 
expenditures are accounted as cost in the period in which they are incurred. Development costs are capitalized 
only when the technical and commercial feasibility of the asset has been clearly demonstrated, the Group has the 
intent and ability to complete the intangible asset and either use it or sell it and be able to demonstrate how the 
asset will generate  future economic benefits. Amortization of these type of assets begins when development is 
complete and the asset is available for use. During the period of development, the asset is tested for impairment 
annually. 
The Group lists mainly self-developed softwares among internally generated intangible assets. 
The  depreciable  amount  (book  value  less  residual  value)  of  the  non-current  assets  must  be  allocated  over  the 
useful lives. 

Depreciation and amortization are computed usually by using the straight-line method over the estimated useful 
lives of the assets based on the following annual percentages: 

Intangible assets 

Software 
Property right 

Property 
Machinery and office equipment 
Vehicle 

Annual 
percentages 

Useful life 
period (years) 

6.3% - 50.0% 
16.7% - 33.3% 
1.0% - 50.0% 
3.3% - 63.0% 
3.0% - 33.3% 

2 – 15 
3 – 6 
2 – 100 
1.5 – 30 
3 – 33 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.17.  Property and equipment, Intangible assets [continued] 

Depreciation  and  amortization  on  Property  and  equipment  and  Intangible  assets  commence  on  the  day  such 
assets are ready to use. 

At each balance sheet date, the Group reviews the carrying value of its  Property and equipment and Intangible 
assets  to  determine  if  there  is  any  indication  that  those  assets  have  suffered  an  impairment  loss.  If  any  such 
indication  exists,  the  recoverable  amount  of  the  asset  is  estimated  to  determine  the  extent  (if  any)  of  the 
impairment loss.  
Where  it  is  not  possible  to  estimate  the  recoverable  amount  of  an  individual  asset,  the  Group  estimates  the 
recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. 
Where  the  carrying  value  of  Property  and  equipment  and  Intangible  assets  is  greater  than  the  estimated 
recoverable amount, it is impaired immediately to the estimated recoverable amount. 

The Group may conclude contracts for purchasing property, equipment and intangible assets, where the purchase 
price is settled in foreign currency. By entering into such agreements, firm commitment in foreign currency due 
on a specified future date arises at the Group.  
Reducing  the  foreign  currency  risk  caused  by  firm  commitment,  forward  foreign  currency  contracts  may  be 
concluded  to  ensure  the  amount  payable  in  foreign  currency  on  a  specified  future  date  on  one  hand  and  to 
eliminate the foreign currency risk arising until settlement date of the contract on the other hand. 
In the case of an effective hedge the realized profit or loss of the hedging instrument is stated as the part of the 
cost of the hedged asset as it has arisen until recognizing the asset.  

2.18.  Inventories 

Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value. The cost of inventories comprise all costs 
of purchase, costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and 
condition. 
The Group uses generally FIFO formulas to the measurement of inventories. 
Inventories are removed from books when they are sold, unusable or destroyed. When inventories are sold, the 
carrying amount of those inventories are recognized as an expense in the period in which the related revenue is 
recognized.  
Repossessed assets are classified as inventories. The Group's policy is to sell repossessed assets and not to use 
them for its internal operations. 

2.19.   Government grants and government assistance 

The  Group  recognise  government  grants  only  when  there  is  a  reasonable  assurance  that  the  grant  will  be 
received, and all attached conditions will be complied with. 
The  Group  presents  grants  relating  to  assets  as  deferred  income  in  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Financial 
Position, which is recognized in profit or loss on a systematic basis over the useful life of the asset. 
Grants related to an expense item are recorded as an other operating income in those periods when the related 
costs were recognized. 

2.20.  Financial liabilities 

The financial liabilities are presented within these lines in the Consolidated Financial Statements: 

Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss 

-  Amount due to banks, the National Governments, deposits from the National Banks and other banks 
-  Repo liabilities 
- 
-  Deposits from customers 
-  Liabilities from issued securities 
-  Derivative financial liabilities held for trading 
-  Derivative financial liabilities designated as hedge accounting 
-  Other financial liabilities 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.20.  Financial liabilities [continued] 

At  initial  recognition,  the  Group  measures  financial  liabilities  at  fair  value  plus  or  minus  –  in  the  case  of  a 
financial liability not at  fair  value  through profit or loss  – transaction costs that are directly attributable to the 
acquisition or issue of the financial liability. 

Usually, the initial fair value of financial liabilities equals to transaction value. However, when the amounts are 
not equal, the initial fair value difference should be recognized.  
If the fair value of financial liabilities is based on a valuation technique using only inputs observable in market 
transactions,  the  Group  recognizes  the  initial  fair  value  difference  in  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Profit  or 
Loss. 
When the fair value of financial liabilities is based on models for which inputs are not observable, the difference 
between  the  transaction  price  and  the  fair  value  is  deferred  and  only  recognized  in  profit  or  loss  when  the 
instrument  is derecognized or the inputs became observable. 

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are either financial liabilities held for trading or they are 
designated upon initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss. 
In  connection  to  the  derivative  financial  liabilities  measured  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss,  the  Group 
presents the amount of change in their fair value originated from the changes of market conditions and business 
environment.  

The Group designated some financial liabilities upon initial recognition to measure at fair value through profit or 
loss.  This  classification  eliminates  or  significantly  reduces  a  measurement  or  recognition  inconsistency  that 
would  otherwise  arise  from  measuring  assets  or  liabilities  or  recognising  the  gains  and  losses  on  them  on 
different bases (“accounting mismatch”). The changes in fair value of these liabilities are recognized in profit or 
loss, except the fair value changes attributable to credit risk which are recognized among other comprehensive 
income. 

In the case of financial liabilities measured at amortized cost fees and commissions related to the origination of 
the financial liability are recognized through profit or loss during the maturity of the instrument using effective 
interest method. In certain cases the Group repurchases a part of financial liabilities (mainly issued securities or 
subordinated  bonds)  and  the  difference  between  the  carrying  amount  of  the  financial  liability  and  the  amount 
paid for it is recognized in the net profit or loss for the period and included in other operating income. 

2.21.  Leases 

The Group as a lessor 

Leases  are  classified  as  finance  leases  whenever  the  terms  of  the  lease  transfer  substantially  all  the  risks  and 
rewards  of  ownership  to  the  lessee.  All  other  leases  are  classified  as  operating  leases.  Lease  classification  is 
made at the inception date and is reassessed only if there is a lease modification. 

Finance leases 

At  the  commencement  date,  a  lessor  derecognizes  the  assets  held  under  a  finance  lease  in  the  Consolidated 
Statement of Financial Position and present them as a receivable at an amount equal to the net investment in the 
lease. The lessor shall use the interest rate implicit in the lease to measure the net investment in the lease. Direct 
costs such as commissions are included in the initial measurement of the finance lease receivables. 
The  Group as a lessor recognizes finance income  over the  lease term, based on a pattern reflecting a constant 
periodic rate of return on the Group’s net investment in the lease. The Group applies the lease payments relating 
to  the  period  against  the  gross  investment  in  the  lease  to  reduce  both  the  principal  and  the  unearned  finance 
income. 
The Group applies the derecognition and impairment requirements in IFRS 9 to the net investment in the lease.  

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2: 

 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.21.   Leases [continued] 

Operating leases 

The Group as a lessor recognizes lease payments from operating leases as income on either a straight-line basis 
or another systematic basis.  Costs, including depreciation, incurred in earning the lease income are recognized 
as an expense. 
Initial direct costs incurred in obtaining an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the underlying 
asset and recognized as an expense over the lease term on the same basis as the lease income. 
The  depreciation  policy  for  depreciable  underlying  assets  subject  to  operating  leases  is  consistent  with  the 
Group’s  normal  depreciation  policy  for  similar  assets.  The  Group  accounts  for  a  modification  to  an  operating 
lease  as  a  new  lease  from  the  effective  date  of  the  modification,  considering  any  prepaid  or  accrued  lease 
payments relating to the original lease as part of the lease payments for the new lease. 

The Group as a lessee 

The Group recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the commencement of the lease term except for 
short-term leases and leases, where the underlying asset is of low value (less than USD 5,000). For these leases, 
the  Group  recognizes  the  lease  payments  as  an  expense  on  either  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  lease  term  or 
another systematic basis if that basis is more representative of the pattern of the lessee’s benefit. 

Deferred  tax  implication  if  the  Group  is  lessee:  At  the  inception  of  the  lease,  there  is  no  net  lease  asset  or 
liability, no tax base and, therefore, no temporary difference. Subsequently, as depreciation on the right-of-use 
asset initially exceeds the rate at which the debt reduces, a net liability arises resulting in a deductible temporary 
difference on which a deferred tax asset should be recognized if recoverable. Assuming that the lease liability is 
not repaid in advance, the total discounted cash outflows should equal the total rental payments deductible for 
income tax purposes. 

Right-of-use asset  

The right-of-use assets are presented separately in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position and initially 
measured at cost, subsequently the Group applies the cost model and these assets are depreciated on a straight 
line basis from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the 
end of the lease term. If the lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the Group by the end of the lease 
term or if the cost of the right-of-use asset reflects that the Group will exercise a purchase option, the right-of-
use asset are depreciated from the commencement date to the end of the useful life of the underlying asset. 

Lease liability 

At the commencement date, the lease liability is measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not 
paid at that date discounted by using the rate implicit in the lease, or if this cannot be determined, by using the 
incremental borrowing rate of the Group.Variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or a rate but 
e.g. on revenues or usage are recognized as an expense. The Group always separates the non-lease components 
of the lease contracts and accounts them as an expense. Lease payments must be included in the measurement of 
the lease liability without value added taxes. Non-deductible VAT is recognized as other expense. 

The lease liability is remeasured in the event of a reassessment of the lease liability or lease modification 

2.22.  Investment properties 

Investment  properties  of  the  Group  are  land,  buildings,  part  of  buildings  which  held  (as  the  owner  or  as  the 
lessee  under  a  finance  lease)  to  earn  rentals  or  for  capital  appreciation  or  both,  rather  than  for  use  in  the 
production or supply of services or for administrative purposes or sale in the ordinary course of business. The 
Group measures the  investment properties at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any.  
The  depreciable  amount  (book  value  less  residual  value)  of  the  investment  properties  must  be  allocated  over 
their  useful  lives.  The  depreciation  and  amortization  are  computed  using  the  straight-line  method  over  the 
estimated useful lives of the assets. 
The  Group  discloses  the  fair  value  of  the  investment  properties  in  Note  14  established  mainly  by  external 
experts. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2:  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.23.  Share capital 

Share  capital  is  the  capital  determined  in  the  Articles  of  Association  and  registered  by  the  Budapest-Capital 
Regional Court. Share capital is the capital the Bank raised by issuing common stocks at the date the shares were 
issued. The amount of share capital has not changed over the current period.  

2.24.  Treasury shares 

Treasury shares are shares which are purchased on the stock exchange and the over-the-counter market by the 
Bank  and  its  subsidiaries  and  are  presented  in  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Financial  Position  at  cost  as  a 
deduction from Consolidated Shareholders’ Equity. 
Gains  and  losses  on  the  sale  of  treasury  shares  are  credited  or  charged  directly  to  shareholder’s  equity. 
Derecognition of treasury shares is based on the FIFO method. 

2.25.  Non-current assets held-for-sale and discontinued operations 

The  Group  classifies  a  non-current  asset  (or  disposal  group)  as  held  for  sale  if  its  carrying  amount  will  be 
recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. The Group does not account 
for a non-current asset that has been temporarily taken out of use as if it had been abandoned. 
The Group measures a non-current asset (or disposal group) classified as held for sale at the lower of its carrying 
amount and fair value less costs to sell. When the sale is expected to occur beyond one year, the Group measures 
the costs to sell at their present value. Any increase in the present value of the costs to sell that arises from the 
passage of time shall be presented in profit or loss. Immediately before the initial classification of  the asset (or 
disposal group) as held for sale, the carrying amounts of the asset (or all the assets and liabilities in the group) 
are measured in accordance with applicable IFRS. 

The Group does not depreciate (or amortize) a non-current asset while it is classified as held for sale or while it 
is part of a disposal group classified as held for sale. Interest and other expenses attributable to the liabilities of a 
disposal group classified as held for sale shall continue to be recognized. 

If the Group has classified an asset (or disposal group) as held for sale, but the criteria for that are no longer met, 
the  Group  ceases  to  classify  the  asset  (or  disposal  group)  as  held  for  sale.  The  Group  measures  a  non-current 
asset that ceases to be classified as held for sale (or ceases to be included in a disposal group classified as held 
for sale) at the lower of:  

-  its  carrying  amount  before  the  asset  (or  disposal  group)  was  classified  as  held  for  sale,  adjusted  for  any 
depreciation, amortisation or revaluations that would have been recognized had the asset (or disposal group) 
not been classified as held for sale, and 

-  its recoverable amount at the date of the subsequent decision not to sell. 

The Group presents a non-current asset classified as held for sale and the assets of a disposal group classified as 
held for sale separately from other assets in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The liabilities of a 
disposal  group  classified  as  held  for  sale  is  presented  separately  from  other  liabilities  in  the  Consolidated 
Statement of Financial Position. Those assets and liabilities shall not be offset and presented as a single amount. 
The major classes of assets and liabilities classified as held for sale are separately disclosed in the Notes. 
The  Group  presents  separately  any  cumulative  income  or  expense  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income 
relating  to  a  non-current  asset  (or  disposal  group)  classified  as  held  for  sale.  Results  from  discontinued 
operations  are  reported  separately  in  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Profit  or  Loss  as  result  from  discontinued 
operations. 

2.26.  Interest income and income similar to interest income and interest expense 

Interest income and expense are recognized in profit or loss in the period to which they relate, using the effective 
interest rate method.  
For  exposures  categorized  into  Stage  1  and  Stage  2  the  interest  income  is  recognized  on  a  gross  basis.  For 
exposures categorized into  Stage 3 (using effective interest rate) and for POCI (using credit-adjusted effective 
interest rate) the interest income is recognized on a net basis. 
The time-proportional income similar to interest income of derivative financial instruments is calculated without 
using the effective interest method and the positive fair value adjustment of interest rate swaps are included in 
income similar to interest income.  

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2:  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.26.  Interest income and income similar to interest income and interest expense [continued] 

Interest income of loans at fair value through profit or loss is calculated based on interest fixed in the contract 
and presented in “Income similar to interest income” line. 
Interest  from  loans  and  deposits  are  accrued  on  a  daily  basis.  Interest  income  and  expense  include  certain 
transaction  costs  and  the  amortisation  of  any  discount  or  premium  between  the  initial  carrying  amount  of  an 
interest-bearing instrument and its amount at maturity calculated on an effective interest rate basis. 

All  interest  income  and  expense  recognized  are  arising  from  loans,  placements  with  other  banks,  repo 
receivables,  securities  at  fair  value  through  other  comprehensive  income,  securities  at  amortized  cost  and 
amounts due  to banks, repo liabilities, deposits  from customers, liabilities  from issued securities,  subordinated 
bonds and loans are presented under these lines of Consolidated Financial Statements. 

2.27.  Fees and Commissions 

Fees  and  commissions  that  are  not  involved  in  the  amortized  cost  model  are  recognized  in  the  Consolidated 
Statement of Profit or  Loss on an accrual basis  according  to IFRS 15  Revenue  from contracts  with customers 
(see more details in Note 32). These fees are related to deposits, cash withdrawals, security trading, bank card 
etc.  

The Group recognizes income if performance obligations related to the certain goods or services are satisfied, 
performed, and control over the asset is transferred to the customer, and it is probable that consideration payable 
will  probably  flow  to  the  entity.  In  case  of  those  services,  where  the  Group  transfers  control  over  the  asset 
continuously, income is recognised on accrual basis. 

The  Group  provides  foreign  exchange  trading  services  to  its  customers,  the  profit  margin  achieved  on  these 
transactions  is  presented  as  Net  profit  from  fees  and  commissions  in  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Profit  or 
Loss.  

2.28.  Profit from associates 

Profit from associates refers to any distribution of an entity earnings to shareholders from stocks or mutual funds 
that  is  owned  by  the  Group.  The  Group  recognizes  profit  from  associates  in  the  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements when its right to receive payment is established.  

2.29.  Income tax 

The Group considers corporate income tax as current tax according to IAS 12. The Group also considers local 
business tax and the innovation contribution as income tax in Hungary. 
The annual taxation charge is based on the tax payable under fiscal regulations prevailing in the country where 
the company is incorporated, adjusted for deferred taxation. Deferred taxation is accounted for using the balance 
sheet liability method in respect of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their 
carrying value for financial reporting purposes, measured at the tax rates that apply to the future period when the 
asset is expected to be realized or the liability is settled. 

Current tax asset or current tax liability is presented related to income tax and innovation contribution separately 
in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. 

Deferred tax assets are recognized by the Group for the amounts of income taxes that are recoverable in future 
periods in respect of deductible temporary differences as well as the carryforward of unused tax losses and the 
carryforward of unused tax credits.  

The Group recognizes a deferred tax asset for all deductible temporary differences arising from investments in 
subsidiaries, branches and associates, and interests in joint arrangements, to the extent that, and only to the extent 
that, it is probable that: 

- the temporary difference will reverse in the foreseeable future; and  
- taxable profit will be available against which the temporary difference can be utilised. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2:  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.29.  Income tax [continued] 

The  Group  considers  the  availability  of  qualifying  taxable  temporary  differences  and  the  probability  of  other 
future taxable profits to determine whether future taxable profits will be available according to IAS 12. 
The Group recognizes a deferred tax liability for all taxable temporary differences associated with investments in 
subsidiaries,  branches  and  associates,  and  interests  in  joint  arrangements,  except  to  the  extent  that  both  of  the 
following conditions are satisfied: 

the Bank is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference, and 
-  
-    it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 

The Group only offsets its deferred tax liabilities against deferred tax assets when: 

- 
- 

there is a legally enforceable right to set-off current tax liabilities against current tax assets, and 
the taxes are levied by the same taxation authorities on either 

the same taxable entity or 

 
  different taxable entities which intend to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis. 

2.30.  Banking tax 

The  Bank  and  some  of  its  subsidiaries  are  obliged  to  pay  banking  tax  based  on  Act  LIX  of  2006.  As  the 
calculation is not based on the taxable profit but on the adjusted total assets as reported in the Separate Financial 
Statements  of  the  Bank  and  its  entities  for  the  second  period  preceding  the  current  tax  year,  therefore,  the 
banking tax is considered as an other administrative expense, not as income tax. 

2.31.  Off-balance sheet commitments and contingent liabilities 

In the ordinary course of its business, the Group enters into off-balance sheet commitments such as guarantees, 
letters of credit, commitments to extend credit and transactions with financial instruments. The provision for off-
balance  sheet  commitments  and  contingent  liabilities  is  maintained  at  a  level  adequate  to  absorb  future  cash 
outflows which are probable and relate to present obligations.  

In  the  case  of  commitments  and  contingent  liabilities,  the  Management  determines  the  adequacy  of  the  loss 
allowance based upon reviews of individual items, recent loss experience, current economic conditions, the risk 
characteristics  of  the  various  categories  of  transactions  and  other  pertinent  factors.  The  Group  recognizes 
provision for off-balance sheet commitment and contingent liabilities  in accordance with IAS 37 when it has a 
present obligation as a result  of a  past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources  embodying economic 
benefits  will  be  required  to  settle  the  obligation;  and  a  reliable  estimate  can  be  made  of  the  obligation.  For 
financial  guarantees  and  loan  commitments  given  which  are  under  IFRS  9  the  expected  credit  loss  model  is 
applied  when  the  provision  is  calculated  (see  more  details  in  Note  2.14.).  After  initial  recognition  the  Group 
subsequently measures those contracts at a higher of the amount of the loss allowance or of the amount initially 
recognised less the cumulative amount of income recognized in accordance with IFRS 15. 

2.32.  Share-based payment 

The Group has applied the requirements of IFRS 2 Share-based Payment. 

The Group issues equity-settled share-based payment to certain employees. Equity-settled share-based payment 
is measured at fair value at the grant date. The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-
based payment is expensed on a straight-line basis over the  year, based on the Group’s estimate of shares that 
will eventually vest. Share-based payment is recorded in Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss as Personnel 
expenses. 

Fair value is measured by use of a binomial model. The expected life used in the model has been adjusted, based 
on  Management’s  best  estimate,  for  the  effects  of  non-transferability,  exercise  restrictions,  and  behavioural 
considerations.  

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2:  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.33.  Employee benefits 

The  Group  has  applied  the  requirement  of  IAS  19  Employee  Benefits.  These  benefits  are  recognised  as  an 
expense  and  liability  undiscounted  in  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements.  Liabilities  are  regularly 
remeasured. Gains or losses due to the remeasurement are recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Profit or 
Loss. 

Short-term  employee  benefits  are  employee  benefits  (other  than  termination  benefits)  that  are  expected  to  be 
settled wholly before twelve months after the end of the annual reporting period in which the employees render 
the related service. These can be wages, salaries and bonuses, premium, paid annual leave and paid sick leave 
and other free services (health care, reward holiday). Long-term employee benefits are mostly the jubilee reward.  

Post-employment benefits are employee benefits (other than termination and short-term employee benefits) that 
are  payable  after  the  completion  of  employment.  Post-employment  benefit  plans  are  formal  or  informal 
arrangements  under  which  an  entity  provides  post-employment  benefits  for  one  or  more  employees.  Post-
employment benefit plans are classified as either defined contribution plans or defined benefit plans, depending 
on the economic substance of the plan as derived from its principal terms and conditions. 

Defined  benefit  plan  is  post‑employment  benefit  plans  other  than  defined  contribution  plan.  The  Group's  net 
obligation  is  calculated  by  estimating  the  amount  of  employee's  future  benefit  based  on  their  servicies  for  the 
current and prior periods. The future value of benefit is being discounted to present value. 

Termination  benefits  are  employee  benefits  provided  in  exchange  for  the  termination  of  an  employee’s 
employment as a result of either: an entity’s decision to terminate an employee’s employment before the normal 
retirement  date  or  an  employee’s  decision  to  accept  an  offer  of  benefits  in  exchange  for  the  termination  of 
employment.  Other  long-term  employee  benefits  are  all  employee  benefits  other  than  short-term  employee 
benefits, postemployment benefits and termination benefits. 

2.34.  Biological assets and agricultural produce 

The Group recognises a biological asset or agricultural produce according to IAS 41 only when it controls the 
asset as a result of past events, it is probable that future economic benefits will flow and the fair value or the cost 
can be measured reliably.  
Biological assets are measured on initial recognition and at subsequent periods at fair value less estimated costs 
to sell, unless fair value cannot be reliably measured.  
Agricultural produce is measured at fair value less estimated costs to sell at the point of harvest.  
The gain on initial recognition of biological assets at fair value less costs to sell, and changes in fair value less 
costs to sell of biological assets during a period are included in profit or loss for the period in which it arises as 
other operating income.  

2.35.  Consolidated Statement of Cash-flows 

Cash  flows arising  from the  operating, investing or financing activities are reported in the  Statement of  Cash-
Flows  of  the  Group  primarily  on  a  gross  basis.  Net  basis  reporting  are  applied  by  the  Group  in  the  following 
cases: 

-  when the cash flows reflect the activities of the customer rather than those of the Group, and 
-  for items in which the turnover is quick, the amounts are large, and the maturities are short. 

For the purposes of reporting Consolidated Statement of Cash-flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash, due 
from banks and balances with the National Banks, excluding the compulsory reserve established by the National 
Banks. This line item shows balances of HUF and foreign currency cash amounts, and sight deposit from NBH 
and from other banks, furthermore balances of current accounts. 
Consolidated cash-flows from hedging activities are classified in  the same category as the  item being  hedged. 
The unrealized gains and losses from the translation of monetary items to the closing foreign exchange rates and 
unrealized  gains  and  losses  from  derivative  financial  instruments  are  presented  net  as  operating  activity 
separately in the Consolidated Statement of Cash-flows for the monetary items which have been revaluated.  

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 2:  

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

2.36.  Segment reporting 

IFRS 8 Operating Segments requires operating segments to be identified on the basis of internal reports about 
components of the Group that are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker in order to allocate 
resources to the segments and to assess their performance.  
Based on the above, the segments identified by the Group are the business and geographical segments. 
The  Group’s operating segments  under IFRS 8 are therefore as follows: OTP Core Hungary,  Russia, Ukraine, 
Bulgaria,  Romania,  Serbia,  Croatia,  Montenegro,  Albania,  Moldova,  Slovenia,  Merkantil  Group,  Asset 
Management subsidiaries, Other subsidiaries, Corporate Center. 

2.37.  Comparative balances 

Reclassification  of  certain  business  tax,  innovation  contribution  and  other  lines  in  the  Consolidated 
Statement of Profit or Loss 

The  Goup has reviewed prescriptions related to business tax and innovation contribution, the determination of 
their  tax  base  and  their  effects  on  payment  obligation.  As  a  result  of  the  review  the  local  business  tax  and 
innovation  contribution  have  been  reclassified  to  income  tax  in  line  with  banking  industry  practice.  In  these 
Consolidated  Financial  Statements  prepared  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2021  the  Group  presents  these 
taxes as income tax and reclassified the financial information for comparative periods. 

There are other lines in the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss which are presented on separate lines like: 
derecognition of financial assets at amortized cost, modification loss and net result on derivative instruments, in 
the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position there is provision for conditional liability to be separated from 
those items, results which previously contained them. While gains on securities mandatorily at fair value through 
profi  or  loss  was  presented  previously  among  Gains  on  securities  now  it  is  presented  among  Fair  value 
adjustment on financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss. All these reclassifications were necessary 
to improve presentation. 

The  Group  has  reclassified  the  presentation  of  the  detailed  notes  to  the  amended  Consolidated  Statement  of 
Financial  Position  and  Consolidated  Statement  of  Profit  or  Loss  line  items  for  comparative  information  in 
accordance with the new values. These amendments have been marked “Reclassified” by the Group. 

Amendments to the information published in the supplementary annexes concerned the following supplementary 
notes: 

-  Note 16 Other assets 
-  Note 24 Other liabilities 
-  Note 31 Loss allowances / impairment / provisions  
-  Note 33 Gains and losses by transactions 
-  Note 35 Income tax 

Except  as  described  above  these  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  are  prepared  in  accordance  with  the  same 
accounting policies in all respects as the Consolidated Financial Statements prepared in accordance with IFRS as 
adopted by the European Union for the year ended 31 December 2020. 

Line item 

2021 

2020 
Revised 
presentation 

Reclassification 
of business tax 
and innovation 
contribution 

Reclassification 
of provisions 

2020 As 
previously 
presented 

Current income tax receivables 
Other assets 
Further assets items 
TOTAL ASSETS 

Current income tax payable 
Provisions 
Other liabilities 
Further liability items 
TOTAL LIABILITIES 

29,978 
276,785 
27,246,621 
27,553,384 

36,581 
119,799 
598,081 
23,762,157 
24,516,618 

39,171 
266,239 
23,030,431 
23,335,841 

29,528 
116,467 
489,426 
20,163,308 
20,798,729 

235 
(235) 
- 
- 

1,844 
- 
(1,844) 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
116,467 
(116,467) 
- 
- 

38,936 
266,474 
23,030,431 
23,335,841 

27,684 
- 
607,737 
20,163,308 
20,798,729 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 2: 

 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

2.37.   Comparative balances [continued] 

Line item 

2021 

2020 Revised 
presentation 

Reclassification of 
business tax and 
innovation 
contribution 

Reclassification of 
amounts related to 
derivative 
instruments 

Reclassification of 
gains on securities 
mandatorily at fair 
value through profi 
or loss 

Reclassification of 
amounts related to 
modification losses 

Reclassification of 
amounts related to 
derecognition of 
financial assets at 
amortized cost 

2020 As 
previously 
presented 

Interest income calculated using 

the effective interest method 

Income similar to interest income  

Interest income and income  

similar to interest income 

Interest expense 
Loss allowance on loans, placements  

922,539 

194,920 

1,117,459 

(243,149) 

841,901 

135,986 

977,887 

(195,216) 

and on repo receivables 

(27,721) 

(172,520) 

Change in the fair value attributable to changes 

in the credit risk of loans mandatorily 
measured at fair value through profit of loss  

Further risk cost items 

Risk cost total 

NET INTEREST INCOME 

 AFTER RISK COST 

Gain from derecognition of financial assets  

at amortized cost 

Modification loss 

Net profit from fees and commissions  
Foreign exchange gains, net 

Gains on securities, net 
Fair value adjustment on financial instruments  

at fair value through profit or loss 

Gain on derivative instruments, net 

Further non-operating items 

Net operating income 

Other general expenses 

Further administrative expenses 

Other administrative expenses 
Profit before income tax 
Income tax expense 

Net profit for the year 

(16,289) 

(3,635) 

(47,645) 

(3,262) 

(15,093) 

(190,875) 

826,665 

591,796 

1,885 

(13,672) 

442,174 
(4,075) 

5,560 

(532) 

6,798 

11,244 

18,995 

(340,684) 

(406,928) 

(747,612) 
528,435 
(72,123) 

456,312 

3,380 

(29,773) 

397,633 
7,864 

7,465 

4,843 

11,340 

(5,459) 

26,053 

(308,642) 

(382,483) 

(691,125) 
297,964 
(43,918) 

254,046 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

16,542 

16,542 
16,542 
(16,542) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
(11,340) 

- 

- 

11,340 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

(7,239) 

7,239 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

841,901 

135,986 

977,887 

(195,216) 

29,773 

(1,978) 

(200,315) 

- 

- 

29,773 

29,773 

- 

(29,773) 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,978) 

(3,262) 

(15,093) 

(218,670) 

(1,978) 

564,001 

3,380 

- 

- 
- 

(1,402) 

- 

- 

- 

(1,402) 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

397,633 
19,204 

16,106 

(2,396) 

(5,459) 

27,455 

(308,642) 

(399,025) 

(707,667) 
281,422 
(27,376) 

254,046 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 3: 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND DECISIONS IN THE 
APPLICATION OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

The presentation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS as adopted by EU requires the Management of 
the  Group  to  make  judgement  about  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported amounts  of  assets  and 
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as at the date of the financial statements  and  their 
reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  during  the  reporting  period.  The  estimates  and  associated 
assumptions are  based on  the  expected loss and other factors that are considered to be relevant.  The  estimates 
and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized 
in the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant areas of subjective judgement include: 

3.1.  Loss allowances on financial instruments exposed to credit risk 

The Group regularly assesses its financial instruments portfolio for loss allowance. Management determines the 
adequacy of the loss allowances based upon reviews of individual loans and placements, recent loss experience, 
current economic conditions, the risk characteristics of the various categories of loans and other pertinent factors.  
The use of the three stage model was implemented for IFRS 9 purposes. The impairment methodology is used 
to  classify  financial  instruments  in  order  to  determine  whether  credit  risk  has  significantly  increased  since 
initial  recognition  and  to  identify  the  credit-impaired  assets.  For  instruments  with  credit-impairment  or 
significant increase of credit risk lifetime expected losses are recognized (see more details in Note 37.1.) 

3.2.  Valuation of instruments without direct quotations  

Financial  instruments  without  direct  quotations  in  an  active  market  are  valued  using  the  valuation  model 
technique. The models are regularly reviewed and each model is calibrated for the most recent available market 
data. While the models are built only on available data, their use is subject to certain assumptions and estimates 
(e.g. correlations, volatilities, etc.). Changes in the model assumptions may affect  the reported fair value of the 
relevant financial instruments.  
IFRS  13  Fair  Value  Measurement  seeks  to  increase  the  consistency  and  comparability  in  fair  value 
measurements and related disclosures through a 'fair value hierarchy'. The hierarchy categorises the inputs used 
in valuation techniques into three levels. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to (unadjusted) quoted prices in 
active  markets  for  identical  assets  or  liabilities  and  the  lowest  priority  to  unobservable  inputs.  The  Group 
evaluates the levelling at each reporting period on an instrument-by-instrument basis and reclassifies instruments 
when  necessary,  based  on  the  facts  at  the  beginning  of  the  reporting  period.  The  objective  of  a  fair  value 
measurement is to estimate the price at which  an orderly transaction to sell the asset or to transfer the liability 
would take place between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. 

3.3.  Provisions 

Provision is recognized and measured for commitments to extend credit and for warranties arising from banking 
activities  based  on  IFRS  9  Financial  Instruments.  Provision  for  these  instruments  is  recognized  based  on  the 
credit conversion factor, which shows the proportion of the undrawn credit line that will probably be drawn. 
Other  provisions  are  recognized  and  measured  based  on  IAS  37  Provisions,  Contingent  Liabilities  and 
Contingent  Assets.  The  Group  is  involved  in  a  number  of  ongoing  legal  disputes.  Based  upon  historical 
experience and expert reports, the  Group assesses  the developments in these cases, and  the  likelihood and the 
amount of potential financial losses which are appropriately provided for. (See Note 24.)  
Other provision includes provision for litigation, provision for retirement and expected liabilities and provision 
for confirmed letter of credit. 
A provision is recognized by the Group when it has a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable 
that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable 
estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 3: 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND DECISIONS IN THE 
APPLICATION OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

 3.4. 

Impairment on goodwill  

Goodwill acquired in a business combination is tested for impairment annually or more frequently when there is 
an indication that the unit might be impaired, in accordance with IAS 36 “Impairment of assets”. 
The Group calculates the fair value based on discounted cash-flow model. The 3 year period explicit cash-flow 
model serves as a basis  for the  impairment test by  which  the  Group defines the impairment  need on  goodwill 
based on the strategic factors and financial data of its cash-generating units. In the calculation of the  goodwill 
impairment, also the expectations about possible variations in the amount or timing of those future cash-flows, 
the  time  value  of  money,  represented  by  the  current  market  risk-free  rate  of  interest  and  other  factors  are 
reflected.  

3.5.  Business model 

A business model refers to how the Group manages its financial instruments in order to generate cash flows. It is  
determined at a level that reflects how groups of financial instruments are managed rather than at an instrument 
level. 

The  financial  assets  held  by  the  Group  are  classified  into  three  categories  depending  on  the  business  model 
within the financial assets are managed.  

  Business  model  whose  objective  is  to  hold  financial  assets  in  order  to  collect  contractual  cash  flows. 
Some  sales  can  be  consistent  with  hold  to  collect  business  model  and  the  Group  assesses  the  nature, 
frequency and significance of any sales occurring. The Group does not consider the sale frequent when 
at least six  months have elapsed between sales.  The significant sales are those  when the sales exceed 
2% of the total hold to collect portfolio.  Within this business model the Group manages mainly loans 
and advances and long term securities and other financial assets.  

  Business  model  whose  objective  is  achieved  by  both  collecting  contractual  cash  flows  and  selling 

financial assets. Within this business model the Group only manages securities. 

  Business model whose objective is to achieve gains in a short term period. Within this business model  

the Group manages securities and derivative financial instrument. 

If cash flows are realised in a way that is different from the expectations at the date that the Bank/Group assessed 
the business model, that does not give rise to a prior error in the Group’s financial statements nor does it change 
the classification of the remaining financial assets held in that business model. 
When,  and  only  when  the  Group  changes  its  business  model  for  managing  financial  assets  it  reclassifies  all 
affected assets. Such changes are determined by the Group’s senior management as a result of external or 
internal  changes  and  must  be  significant  to  the  Group’s  operations  and  demonstrable  to  external  parties.  The 
Group shall not reclassify any financial liability. 

3.6.   Contractual cash-flow characteristics of financial assets 

Classification of a financial asset is based on the characteristics of its contractual cash flows if the financial asset 
is held  within a business  model  whose objective  is to hold assets to collect contractual cash  flows or  within a 
business  model  whose  objective  is  achieved  by  both  collecting  contractual  cash  flows  and  selling  financial 
assets. 
The  Group  should  determine  whether  the  asset’s  contractual  cash  flows  are  solely  payments  of  principal  and 
interest  on  the  principal  amount  outstanding  (SPPI  test).  Contractual  cash  flows  that  are  solely  payments  of 
principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding are consistent with a basic lending arrangement.  

Contractual terms that introduce exposure to risks or volatility in the contractual cash flows that is unrelated to a 
basic lending arrangement, such as exposure to changes in equity prices or commodity prices, do not give rise to 
contractual  cash  flows  that  are  solely  payments  of  principal  and  interest  on  the  principal  amount  outstanding. 
The Group assesses whether contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal 
amount outstanding for the currency in which the financial asset is denominated. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 3: 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND DECISIONS IN THE 
APPLICATION OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES [continued] 

3.6.   Contractual cash-flow characteristics of financial assets [continued] 

The  time  value  of  money  is  the  element  of  interest  that  provides  consideration  for  only  the  passage  of  time. 
However, in some cases, the time value of money element may be modified. In such cases, the Group assesses 
the  modification  to  determine  whether  the  contractual  cash  flows  represent  solely  payments  of  principal  and 
interest on the principal amount outstanding. 
When  assessing  a  modified  time  value  of  money  element,  the  objective  is  to  determine  how  different  the 
undiscounted contractual cash flows could be from undiscounted cash flows that would arise if the time value of 
money element was not modified (the benchmark cash flows). The benchmark instrument can be an actual or a 
hypothetical financial asset. If the  undiscounted contractual cash  flows significantly  – above 2%  – differ from 
the  undiscounted  benchmark  cash  flows,  the  financial  asset  should  be  subsequently  measured  at  fair  value 
through profit or loss. 

NOTE 4: 

IMPACT OF CORONA VIRUS (COVID-19)  

Risks relating to the impact of COVID-19 pandemic 

The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and continues to have, a material impact on businesses around the world and 
the  economic  environment.  There  are  a  number  of  factors  associated  with  the  COVID-19  pandemic  and  its 
impact on global economies that could have a material adverse effect on (among other things) the profitability, 
capital and liquidity of financial institutions such as the OTP Group. 
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruption to the OTP Group’s customers, suppliers and staff. A number of 
jurisdictions in which the OTP Group operates have implemented severe restrictions on the movement of their 
respective  populations,  with  a  resultant  significant  impact  on  economic  activity  in  those  jurisdictions.  These 
restrictions  are  being  determined  by  the  governments  of  individual  jurisdictions  and  impacts  (including  the 
timing of implementation and any subsequent lifting of restrictions) may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. It 
remains  unclear  how  this  will  evolve  through  2020  and  the  OTP  Group  continues  to  monitor  the  situation 
closely. However, the OTP Group's ability to conduct business may be adversely affected  by disruptions to its 
infrastructure, business processes and technology services, resulting from the unavailability of staff due to illness 
or  the  failure  of  third  parties  to  supply  services.  This  may  cause  significant  customer  detriment,  costs  to 
reimburse losses incurred by the OTP Group’s customers, and reputational damage. 
Furthermore,  the  OTP  Group  relies  on  models  to  support  a  broad  range  of  business  and  risk  management 
activities, including informing business decisions and strategies, measuring and limiting risk, valuing exposures, 
conducting stress testing and assessing capital adequacy. Models are, by their nature, imperfect and incomplete 
representations  of  reality  because  they  rely  on  assumptions  and  inputs,  and  as  such  assumptions  may  later 
potentially  prove  to  be  incorrect,  this  can  affect  the  accuracy  of  their  outputs.  This  may  be  exacerbated  when 
dealing  with  unprecedented  scenarios,  such  as  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  due  to  the  lack  of  reliable  historical 
reference points and data. 
Any and all such events  mentioned above could  have a  material adverse effect on the  OTP Group’s business, 
financial condition, results of operations, prospects, liquidity, capital position and credit ratings, as well as on the 
OTP Group’s customers, employees and suppliers. 

Summary  of  economic  policy  measures  made  in  response  to  the  pandemic  and  other  important 
developments, as well as post-balance sheet events 

In the section below, the measures and developments which have been made since the beginning of 2021, and – 
in OTP Bank’s view – are relevant and have materially influenced / can materially influence the operation of the 
Group members. 
OTP Bank excludes any liability for the completeness and accuracy of the measures presented herein. 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 4: 

IMPACT OF CORONA VIRUS (COVID-19) [continued]  

Summary  of  economic  policy  measures  made  in  response  to  the  pandemic  and  other  important 
developments, as well as post-balance sheet events [continued] 

Hungary 

  Effective from 13 January 2021 the National Bank of Hungary („NBH”) extended the available amount for 
the Bond Funding for Growth scheme by HUF 750 billion to HUF 1,150 billion. At the same time it decided 
to increase the maximum maturity of corporate bonds that can be purchased by the central bank from 20 to 
30 years. Also, the NBH’s exposure limit to a  specific group was revised from HUF 50 billion to HUF 70 
billion.  

  On 4 February 2021, the Prime Minister announced an interest-free loan programme for companies in trouble 
in the wake of the pandemic. According to Government Resolution 1038/2021. (II. 5.) the programme will be 
administered by the Hungarian Development Bank, and the available amount under the programme will be 
HUF 100 billion. Companies can take out maximum HUF 10 million each for the purpose of covering wages 
and  social  contributions,  overhead  costs,  general  operating  expenses  and  inventory  financing.  The  client 
interest rate is 0%, the loan tenor can be up to 10 years, and the servicing of the loan will start after a 3 year 
grace  period.  The  scope  of  eligible  entities  was  determined  in  agreement  with  the  Hungarian  Chamber  of 
Commerce and Industry. 

  On  1  April  2021,  Moody’s  rating  agency  upgraded  the  outlook  on  the  Hungarian  banking  sector  from 

negative to stable.  

  On 6 April 2021, the NBH raised the available amount for the Funding for Growth Go! Scheme by HUF 500 

billion to HUF 3,000 billion. 

  On  18  May  2021,  the  Hungarian  Development  Bank  revealed  that  the  interest-free,  maximum  HUF  10 
million loan for micro- and small enterprises (the so-called interest-free restart quick loan) can be applied for 
by companies whose revenues in 2020 plummeted by more than 30%, irrespective of the scope of activities 
(certain other criteria must be met). 
 On 25 May 2021, the National Bank of Hungary did not touch the benchmark interest rates, but stressed that 
the central bank is ready to tighten monetary conditions in a proactive manner to the extent necessary in order 
to ensure price stability and to mitigate inflation risks.  

 

  On 9 June 2021, Viktor Orbán Prime Minister announced that their actual personal income tax payments (up 
to the tax burden of the average wage) will be refunded to families raising kids in early-2022 provided that 
the 2021 GDP growth surpasses 5.5%. 

  According to Government Decree No. 317/2021. (VI. 9.) released on 9 June 2021 the payment moratorium 

 

was extended with unchanged conditions until 30 September 2021. 
 On 9 June 2021, Viktor Orbán Prime Minister announced that once the central bank phases out its Funding 
for Growth scheme, the government will have to shoulder the financial burden of providing cheap (not higher 
than  0.5%  interest  rate)  subsidized  loans  to  domestic  micro  and  small  enterprises,  through  the  Széchenyi 
Card  programme  by  KAVOSZ.  On  9  June  László  Krisán,  CEO  of  KAVOSZ  revealed  the  details  of  the 
Széchenyi Card GO! programme launched on 1 July 2021. 

  On  its  22  June  2021  meeting  the  Monetary  Council  embarked  on  a  rate  hike  cycle:  the  base  rate  was 
increased by 30 bps to 0.9%. Also, effective from 24 June 2021 the National Bank of Hungary raised the one-
week deposit rate to the level of the base rate. 
The Monetary Council has started to transform the use of instruments having an effect at longer maturities. 
Accordingly,  with the exhaustion of  the  HUF 3,000 billion available amount,  the Funding for Growth Go! 
programme  will be phased out.  However, the central bank continues  to consider the government  securities 
purchase programme to be crucial in its set of monetary policy instruments. The central bank will continue to 
use the programme by maintaining a lasting presence in the market, taking a flexible approach to changing 
the quantity and structure of weekly securities purchases, to the extent and for the time necessary. 

  On 2 July 2021, the National Bank of Hungary recommended in its circular that financial institutions should 
abstain from charging prepayment fees in the case of full or partial prepayment of deferred interest and fee 
accumulated  during  the  term  of  the  moratorium.  The  central  bank  also  recommended  free  of  charge  loan 
contract modification if borrowers voluntarily undertake  higher monthly instalments in order to shorten the 
remaining maturity. 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 4: 

IMPACT OF CORONA VIRUS (COVID-19) [continued]  

Summary  of  economic  policy  measures  made  in  response  to  the  pandemic  and  other  important 
developments, as well as post-balance sheet events [continued] 

Hungary [continued] 

  On  6  July  2021,  the  National  Bank  of  Hungary  announced  that  with  the  aim  of  boosting  green  mortgage 
lending,  it  decided  to  launch  the  Green  Mortgage  Bond  Purchase  Programme  and  the  FGS  Green  Home 
Programme as the first steps of the implementation of the new Green Monetary Policy Toolkit Strategy: 

o The  strategic  goal  of  the  Green  Mortgage  Bond  Purchase  Programme  is  to  contribute  to  the 
development  of  the  domestic  green  mortgage  bond  market  through  targeted  purchases  and,  through 
this, encourage green mortgage loan activities. The central bank will review the programme when the 
HUF 200 billion purchase volume has been reached. Additionally, the central bank also decided to re-
launch the Mortgage Bond Rollover Facility for mortgage bonds without green rating. 

o The National Bank of Hungary will launch the Green Home Programme in October 2021 with a total 
limit of HUF 200 billion as part of the Funding for Growth Scheme (FGS). As in the previous phases 
of  the  FGS,  the  NBH  will  provide  refinancing  operation  to  credit  institutions  at  0%  interest,  which 
will  be  lent  to  residential  customers  at  a  maximum  of  2.5%,  fixed  interest  rate  until  the  end  of  the 
maturity period. Under the scheme, loans of up to HUF 70 million and a maximum term of 25 years 
can be granted for constructions or purchases of new, highly energy-efficient residential real estates. 

  On  23  July  2021,  the  European  Central  Bank  announced  that  restrictions  concerning  dividend  payments 

won’t be prolonged beyond the previously effective deadline of 30 September 2021. 

  A Government Decree was published on 23 July 2021 facilitating the VAT refund in the case of newly built 

houses in brownfield sites. 

  On 27 July 2021, the National Bank of Hungary raised the base rate by 30 bps to 1.2%, then on 29 July the 

one-week deposit rate was hiked to the same level, by the same magnitude. 

  On 30 July 2021, the results of the 2021 EU-wide stress test conducted by the European Banking Authority 
were revealed. The fully loaded consolidated Common Equity Tier 1 („CET1”) ratio of OTP Bank Plc. would 
change to 16.3% under the baseline scenario and to 11.2% under the adverse scenario in 2023, compared to 
14.2% (fully loaded „CET1”) as at the end of 2020. 

  On  12  August  2021,  the  National  Bank  of  Hungary  announced  that  its  management  circular  has  been 
reviewed.  According  to  one  of  the  amendments,  the  central  bank  extended  the  deadline  concerning 
restrictions on dividend payment and treasury share purchases until the end of 2021. Credit institutions might 
be exempted from the dividend payment ban only if they meet certain strict conditions. 

  On 24 August 2021, the National Bank of Hungary raised the base rate by 30 bps to 1.5%. Additionally, the 
central bank decided to begin gradually  withdrawing the government  securities purchase programme  while 
considering  aspects  of  maintaining  market  stability.  Also,  the  central  bank  increased  the  available  amount 
under the Bond Funding for Growth scheme by HUF 400 billion to HUF 1,550 billion. 

  Pursuant to Government Decree 536/2021. (IX. 15.) published on 15 September, the Government decided to 

extend the debt repayment moratorium with the following conditions: 

o The  blanket  moratorium  was  extended  by  an  additional  month,  until  the  end  of  October,  in  an 

unchanged form. 

o From the beginning of November 2021 until 30 June 2022 only the eligible borrowers can participate 
in the moratorium provided that they submitted a request to their banks about their intention to stay. 
So,  the  extension  beyond  October  is  not  automatic:  borrowers  had  to  submit  a  notification  to  their 
bank (opt-in). Eligible retail borrowers include private individuals whose income fell compared to the 
previous period, unemployed people, fostered workers, families raising children below the age of 25 
or  expecting  a  baby,  and  pensioners  (for  details  see  the  relevant  decree).  Eligible  companies  shall 
fulfil the following criteria: more than 25% decline in revenues in the 18 months period preceding the 
submission of the request to participate, and if the company has not concluded a new subsidized loan 
contract since 18 March 2020. During the term of the one-month extension until the end of October, 
eligible  clients  could  submit  the  necessary  documents  to  their  banks  in  order  to  stay  in  the  scheme 
until June 2022, so this one-month lengthening could be regarded as technical. 

  According to Government Decree 537/2021. (IX. 15.) published on 15 September, credit institutions shall re-
calculate the interest deferred during the period spent in the  moratorium in the case of overdraft loans and 
credit  card  exposures.  The  base  for  the  re-calculation  shall  be  the  NBH’s  statistical  data  for  the  average 
annualized cash loan interest rate published for February 2020. The difference between the deferred interest 
booked according to the original contract and the re-calculated amount shall be refunded to the borrowers by 
way of crediting the borrowers’ account with the due amount.  

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 4: 

IMPACT OF CORONA VIRUS (COVID-19) [continued]  

Summary  of  economic  policy  measures  made  in  response  to  the  pandemic  and  other  important 
developments, as well as post-balance sheet events [continued] 

Hungary [continued] 

  On 21 September 2021, the National Bank of Hungary hiked the base rate by 15 bps to 1.65%. Furthermore, 

the NBH continued to gradually withdraw the government securities purchase programme.  

  On 4 October 2021, the National Bank of Hungary launched the FGS Green Home Programme as part of its 

green monetary policy toolkit strategy. 

  On 5 October 2021, OTP Mortgage Bank issued green covered bonds in the amount of HUF 90 billion. 
  On 19 October 2021, the National Bank of Hungary increased the base rate by 15 bps to 1.8%.  
  On 16 November 2021, the Monetary Council of the NBH hiked the base rate by 30 bps to 2.1%. The Deputy 
Governor of NBH stressed after the Monetary Council meeting that the NBH is ready to set the rate of the 1-
week central bank deposit above the level of the base rate already from 18 November.  Accordingly, on 18 
November the NBH raised the rate of the 1-week deposit facility to 2.5%, and the central bank accepted all 
offers at the tender. Consequently, the 1-week deposit has become the effective rate  for the banking sector 
determining the marginal asset yields. 

  On its weekly one-week deposit tender on 25 November 2021 the NBH offered an interest rate of 2.9%. 
  On 30 November 2021, the NBH’s Monetary Council widened the interest rate corridor and also decided to 
make it asymmetric. Accordingly, the lower bound of the corridor was raised by 45 bps and the upper one by 
105 bps.  

  On 2 December 2021, the NBH hiked the rate of the 1-week central bank deposit by 20 bps to 3.1%. 
  On 9 December 2021, the NBH hiked the rate of the 1-week central bank deposit by 20 bps to 3.3%. 
  On  14  December  2021,  the  NBH’s  Monetary  Council  raised  the  base  rate  by  30  bps  to  2.4%  and  made  a 
decision  to  phase  out  both  the  Bond  Funding  for  Growth  programme  and  the  government  bond  purchase 
programme. 

  On 16 December 2021, the NBH hiked the rate of the 1-week central bank deposit by 30 bps to 3.6%. 
  Mr.  Viktor  Orbán  Prime  Minister  announced  on  22  December  2021  that  the  government  will  introduce  an 
interest rate cap for certain retail mortgage loans (for example whose pricing is linked to a reference rate, but 
the legislation does not apply to those with longer fixation periods) for the period between 1 January and 30 
June 2022. Accordingly, the affected mortgages’ reference rate cannot be higher than the relevant reference 
rate as at 27 October 2021. Furthermore, banks had to inform their borrowers about the interest rate risk and 
offer  amendments  to  the  contract  until  31  January  2022.  Details  were  laid  down  by  Government  Decree 
782/2021 (XII. 24.) and Decree 1/2022 (I. 3.) by the Prime Minister’s Office. 

  On 23 December 2021, the NBH hiked the rate of the 1-week central bank deposit by 20 bps to 3.8%. 
 

In  its  release  published  on  27  December  2021  the  NBH  said  that  from  1  January  2022  Hungarian  credit 
institutions can pay dividends and buy back shares with shareholder remuneration purposes again. Thus, the 
NBH did not extend these restrictions in line with the similar step taken by the ECB at the end of September.  

  On 30 December 2021, the NBH hiked the rate of the 1-week central bank deposit by 20 bps to 4.0%. 
  Against the initially planned 2 pps social security contribution cut effective from July 2022, the government 
reduced employers’ taxes by 4 pps already from 1 January 2022 (the 1.5% vocational training contribution 
was abolished and the social contribution taxes were cut by 2.5 pps). 
  On 25 January 2022, the NBH hiked the base rate by 50 bps to 2.9%. 
  On 27 January 2022, the NBH hiked the rate of the 1-week central bank deposit by 30 bps to 4.3%. 
  On 15 February 2022, the CSO revealed the final GDP growth figures: accordingly, in 4Q 2021 the quarterly 
expansion  of  2.1%  was  stronger  than  expected,  lifting  the  annual  growth  rate  to  7.1%  in  2021  as  a  whole 
(seasonally  and  working  day  adjusted).  Mr.  Mihály  Varga  (Minister  of  Finance)  announced  that  the 
government expects 5.9% growth for 2022. 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 4: 

IMPACT OF CORONA VIRUS (COVID-19) [continued]  

Summary  of  economic  policy  measures  made  in  response  to  the  pandemic  and  other  important 
developments, as well as post-balance sheet events [continued] 

Bulgaria 

  On 19 February 2021, Fitch rating agency affirmed the credit rating of Bulgaria at ‘BBB’, while changing the 

outlook from stable to positive.  

  The parliamentary elections held on 4 April 2021 were won by the GERB party led by Mr. Boyko Borisov, 

the previous prime minister. 

Serbia 

  On 12 March 2021, the credit rating of Serbia was upgraded by Moody’s from ’Ba3’ to ’Ba2’. The outlook is 

stable. 

  At the end of April 2021 the integration process of the two Serbian banks was successfully completed, thus 

the merger process came to an end from all legal, operational and organizational point of view. 

Slovenia 

  On  2  February  2022,  the  Slovenian  Parliament  passed  a  law  requiring  banks  to  compensate  customers  for 
losses arising from FX rate depreciation of more than 10% in the case of CHF mortgages disbursed between 
2004 and 2010. The law came into force 15 days after its Parliamentary approval, and under the law banks 
have 60 days to notify their customers about the reimbursement and the recalculated new instalments. SKB 
Banka intends to file a constitutional objection against the law, and plans to submit the appeal to the local 
Constitutional Court after the law’s entry into force. A provision is expected to be made in March 2022 for 
the potential negative impact. 

Romania 

  On  15  January  2021,  the  National  Bank  of  Romania  decided  to  reduce  the  key  interest  rate  by  25  bps  to 

1.25%. 

  On 16 April 2021, Standard & Poor’s changed outlook on the country’s „BBB-" credit rating from negative 

to stable.  

  On 5 October 2021, the central bank increased the reference rate by 25 bps to 1.5%.  
  The National Bank of Romania raised the key interest rate by 25 bps on 10 January 2022, and by further 50 

bps on 10 February 2022 to 2.5%. 

Ukraine 

•  On 4 March 2021, the Ukrainian central bank increased the base rate by 50 bps to 6.5%. 
•  On 15 April 2021, the Ukrainian central bank increased the base by 100 bps to 7.5%. 
•  On 23 July 2021 the National Bank of Ukraine increased the base rate by 50 bps to 8%. 
•  On 6 August 2021, Fitch Ratings changed outlook on the country’s „B" credit rating from stable to positive. 
•  On 9 September 2021, the National Bank of Ukraine raised the base rate by 50 bps to 8.5%. 
•  On 20 January 2022, the National Bank of Ukraine raised its key interest rate by 1 pp to 10%. 

Russia 

•  On 20 January 2021, the Central Bank of Russia published its 2021-2022 road map for regulating consumer 
lending, as a result loosening measures taken in 2020 to facilitate lending will be reversed through higher risk 
weights being introduced. 

•  On 19 March 2021, the Russian central bank hiked the base rate from 4.25% to 4.5%. 
•  On 23 April 2021, the Russian central bank hiked the base rate from 4.5% to 5%. 
•  On 23 July 2021, the Central Bank of Russia hiked the base rate by 100 bps, to 6.5%.  
•  On 30 July 2021, the Central Bank of Russia announced that the risk weight of local currency denominated 

unsecured consumer loans granted after 1 October will be increased. 

•  On 10 September 2021, the Russian national bank hiked the base rate by 25 bps to 6.75%.  
•  On 22 October 2021, the Russian central bank raised the base rate by 75 bps to 7.5%.  
•  On 11 February 2022, CBR hiked the base rate by 100 bps to 9.5%. 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 4: 

IMPACT OF CORONA VIRUS (COVID-19) [continued]  

Interest rate cap 

For the period between 1 January and 30 June 2022 the government introduced an interest rate cap for variable-
rate  retail  mortgage  loans,  and  with  its  decision  announced  on  18  February,  for  housing  purposes  financial 
leasing  contracts,  too.  Accordingly,  the  affected  exposures’  reference  rate  cannot  be  higher  than  the  relevant 
reference rate as at 27 October 2021. 
The modification loss related to the interest rate cap for variable rate mortgage loans announced on 22 December 
2021  was  recognized  in  the  Bank’s  2021  financial  accounts.  The  extension  of  the  interest  rate  cap  to  housing 
purposes financial leasing contracts does not have a significant negative effect. 

Moratorium, one-off effect 

In  Hungary  the  first  phase  of  the  moratorium  on  loan  payments  was  effective  from  19  March  2020  to  31 
December 2020. At the end of 2020 the moratorium was extended in unchanged form for the period between 1 
January 2021 and 30 June 2021. Furthermore, according to Government Decree No. 317/2021. (VI. 9.) released 
on  9  June  2021  the  payment  moratorium  was  extended  with  unchanged  conditions  until  30  September  2021. 
Pursuant  to  Government  Decree  536/2021.  (IX.  15.)  published  on  15  September,  the  Government  decided  to 
extend the debt repayment moratorium: the blanket moratorium was extended by an additional month, until the 
end of October, in an unchanged form. Furthermore, from the beginning of November 2021 until 30 June 2022 
only  the  eligible  borrowers  can  participate  in  the  moratorium  provided  that  they  submitted  a  request  to  their 
banks about their intention to stay. 
During the term of the moratorium OTP Bank accrues the unpaid interest in its statement of recognized income, 
amongst the revenues. At the same time, due to the fact that interest cannot be charged on the unpaid interest, 
and the unpaid interest will be repaid later, in the course of 2020 and 2021 altogether HUF 43.3 billion after tax 
loss  emerged  in  Hungary  and  Serbia  altogether.  Within  that  amount  there  was  a  -HUF  1.7  billion  (after  tax) 
negative  impact  booked  in  December  2020  in  relation  to  the  Serbian  deferral  scheme,  as  the  original  interest 
calculation method was changed by the local regulator (originally the compound interest method was allowed by 
the law in Serbia, but charging interest on deferred interest was later retroactively disallowed by the regulator).  
Loan  volumes  under  the  Hungarian  payment  holiday  followed  a  declining  trend  till  the  end  of  October  2021, 
then from November the participation dropped materially due to the changes to the structure. At the end of 2021 
the total household and corporate exposures remaining under the moratorium comprised HUF 245 billion at OTP 
Core and Merkantil Group, which made up 4.1% of the total gross loan portfolio of those two entities. 

The following table below shows the volume of loans in moratorium as at 31 December 2021 in OTP Group and 
the ratio of these loans of the portfolio by countries: 

OTP Core 
Merkantil Group 
OTP banka Srbija Group 
(Serbia) 
DSK Group (Bulgaria) 
SKB Banka d.d. Ljubljana 
(Slovenia) 
OTP banka d.d. (Croatia) 
Crnogorska komercijalna 
banka Group 
(Montenegro) 
JSC “OTP Bank” (Russia) 

Total 

Current volume in 
moratorium 
(million LCY) 

237,027 
8,281 

Current volume 
in moratorium 
(million HUF) 
237,027 
8,281 

276 
2 

0.02 
55 

0.08 
269 

868 
342 

7 
2,722 

28 
1,170 

Gross loans 
(million HUF) 

Current 
participation 
ratio 

5,549,019 
440,621 

1,715,347 
2,922,886 

984,605 
1,811,376 

4.27% 
1.88% 

0.05% 
0.01% 

0.001% 
0.15% 

366,369 
753,373 

0.01% 
0.16% 

250,445 

14,543,596 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 4: 

IMPACT OF CORONA VIRUS (COVID-19) [continued]  

The following table below shows the volume of loans in moratorium as at 31 December 2020 in OTP Group and 
the ratio of these loans of the portfolio by countries: 

OTP Core 
OTP banka d.d. (Croatia) 
Merkantil Group 
SKB Banka d.d. Ljubljana 
(Slovenia) 
OTP Bank Romania S.A. 
(Romania) 
DSK Group (Bulgaria) 
Crnogorska komercijalna 
banka Group 
(Montenegro) 
JSC “OTP Bank” (Russia) 

Total 

Current volume in 
moratorium 
(million LCY) 

1,760,231 
3,372 
120,379 

Current volume 
in moratorium 
(million HUF) 
1,760,231 
163,052 
120,379 

Gross loans 
(million HUF) 

Current 
participation 
ratio 

4,631,974 
1,642,170 
416,987 

54,835 

909,439 

40,853 
11,190 

861,393 
2,634,870 

38.00% 
9.93% 
28.87% 

6.03% 

4.74% 
0.42% 

4,589 
2,907 

362,067 
597,849 

1.27% 
0.49% 

2,158,036 

12,056,749 

150 

545 
60 

13 
734 

Financial  assets  modified  during  the  period  related  to  moratorium  in  the  Group  for  the  year  ended  31 
December 2021 (in HUF mn) 

Modification due to prolongation of deadline of covid moratoria until 30 September: 

Gross carrying amount before modification 
Loss allowance before modification 
Net amortised cost before modification 
Modification loss due to covid moratoria 
Net amortised cost after modification 

Group 
1,175,230  
(66,066) 
1,109,164  
(6,620) 
1,102,544  

Modification due to prolongation of deadline of covid moratoria until 31 October: 

Gross carrying amount before modification 
Loss allowance before modification 
Net amortised cost before modification 
Modification loss due to covid moratoria 
Net amortised cost after modification 

Group 
1,166,115  
(69,415) 
1,096,700  
(2,104) 
1,094,596  

In the case of credit card and overdraft loans interest charged during the moratoria period should be refunded to 
the debtors in amount determined as a difference between the charged interest and a premoratoria personal loan 
interest  at  11,99%.  The  Bank  has  managed  this  government  measure  as  loan  agreement  modification  in  the 
financial statements. 

Gross carrying amount before modification 
Loss allowance before modification 
Net amortised cost before modification 
Modification loss due to covid moratoria 
Net amortised cost after modification 

57,892 
(9,234) 
48,658 
(1,983) 
46,675 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 4: 

IMPACT OF CORONA VIRUS (COVID-19) [continued]  

Financial  assets  modified  during  the  period  related  to  moratorium  in  the  Group  for  the  year  ended  31 
December 2021 (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Modification due to prolongation of deadline of covid moratoria until 30 June 2022: 

Gross carrying amount before modification 
Loss allowance before modification 
Net amortised cost before modification 
Modification loss due to covid moratoria 
Net amortised cost after modification 

Group 
113,728  
(25,428) 
88,300  
(2,838) 
85,462  

Modification due to temporarily fixing of loan with variable interest rate: 

On 24 December 2021 new regulation was issued on fixing of retail loan product’s interest, under that interest 
rates of mortgage loans with variable interest shall be fixed at reference rates of 27 October 2021, predictably till 
30 June 2022. 

Gross carrying amount before modification 
Loss allowance before modification 
Net amortised cost before modification 
Modification loss due to covid moratoria 
Net amortised cost after modification 

Group 
321,323  
(9,317) 
312,006  
(3,397) 
308,609  

Financial  assets  modified  during  the  period  related  to  moratorium  in  the  Group  for  the  year  ended  31 
December 2020 (in HUF mn): 

Gross carrying amount before modification 
Loss allowance before modification 
Net amortized cost before modification 
Modification loss due to covid moratorium 
Net amortized cost after modification 

Hungary 

Serbia 

1,119,943 
(61,445) 
1,058,498 
(26,774) 
1,031,724 

53,080 
(9,881) 
43,199 
(239) 
42,960 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 5: 

CASH, AMOUNTS DUE FROM BANKS AND BALANCES WITH THE NATIONAL 
BANKS (in HUF mn) 

Cash on hand 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Amounts due from banks and balances with the National Banks 

Within one year 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Impairment on amounts due from bank and 

balances with the National Banks 

Total 

Compulsory reserve set by  

the National Banks1 

Cash and cash equivalents 

2021 

2020 

87,489 
409,045 
496,534 

113,492 
372,972 
486,464 

2021 

2020 

83,540 
1,977,069 
2,060,609 

- 
- 
- 

208,074 
1,675,628 
1,883,702 

- 
62,146 
62,146 

(1,108) 

- 

2,556,035 

2,432,312 

(854,474) 

(757,535) 

1,701,561 

1,674,777 

NOTE 6: 

PLACEMENTS WITH OTHER BANKS, NET OF LOSS ALLOWANCE FOR 
PLACEMENTS (in HUF mn) 

Within one year 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

2021 

2020 

851,053  
523,205  
1,374,258  

162,774  
50,823  
213,597  

251,206  
729,249  
980,455  

136,418  
33,359  
169,777  

Loss allowance on placements 

(2,994) 

(1,489) 

Total 

1,584,861  

1,148,743  

1 Foreign subsidiary banks within the Group have to comply with country specific regulation of local National Banks. Each country within 
the Group has its own regulation for compulsory reserve calculation and maintenance. Based on that banks are obliged to place compulsory 
reserve at their National Bank in a specified percentage of their liabilities considered in compulsory reserve calculation. 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 6:  

PLACEMENTS WITH OTHER BANKS, NET OF LOSS ALLOWANCE FOR 
PLACEMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

An analysis of the change in the loss allowance on placements with other banks is as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Loss allowance for the period 
Release of loss allowance for the period 
Use of loss allowance for the period 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance  

Interest conditions of placements with other banks: 

Interest rates on placements with other banks  

denominated in HUF 

Interest rates on placements with other banks 

denominated in foreign currency 

Average interest rates on placements  

with other banks (%) 

NOTE 7: 

REPO RECEIVABLES (in HUF mn) 

Within one year 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

2021 

2020 

1,489  
25,133  
(23,613) 
(112) 
97  
2,994  

478  
16,476  
(15,629) 
-  
164  
1,489  

2021 

2020 

(1.50)% - 5.90% 

0.00% - 3.84% 

(5.00)% - 29.00% 

(17.33)% - 5.50% 

2021 

1.52%  

2021 

33,710 
27,632 
61,342 

2020 

0.93% 

2020 

183,656 
7,485 
191,141 

Loss allowance on repo receivables 

(290) 

(292) 

Total 

61,052 

190,849 

An analysis of the change in the loss allowance on repo receivables is as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Loss allowance for the period 
Release of loss allowance for the period 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

2021 

292 
1,112 
(1,124) 
10 
290 

2020 

62 
362 
(125) 
(7) 
292 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 7:  

REPO RECEIVABLES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Interest conditions of repo receivables (%): 

Interest rates on repo receivables denominated  

in HUF 

Interest rates on repo receivables denominated  

in foreign currency 

2021 

2020 

3.04% - 3.20 % 

(0.10)% - 0.90% 

(0.58)% - 9.62% 

(0.55)% - 4.15% 

NOTE 8: 

FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS (in HUF mn) 

Securities held for trading 

Government bonds 
Equity instruments and fund units 
Corporate bonds 
Discounted Treasury bills 
Mortgage bonds 
Other interest bearing securities 
Other non-interest bearing securities 

Non-trading securities mandatorily at  

fair value through profit or loss 

Equity instruments, shares and open-ended fund units 
Bonds 

Debt securities designated at  

fair value through profit or loss 

Total 

Positive fair value of derivative financial assets held for trading 

Foreign exchange swaps held for trading 
Interest rate swaps held for trading  
Commodity swaps 
CCIRS and mark-to-market CCIRS  

held -for trading 1 

Foreign exchange forward contracts held for trading 
Held-for-trading option contracts  
Held-for-trading forward security agreement 
Other derivative transactions held for trading2 
Total 

2021 

97,531 
1,173 
740 
923 
101 
1,347 
1,695 
103,510 

44,894 
8,509 
53,403 

2020 

38,036 
3,740 
- 
12,721 
- 
2,075 
- 
56,572 

46,063 
11,514 
57,577 

- 

2,235 

156,913 

116,384 

2021 

38,728 
59,504 
51,523 

11,758 
10,790 
1,285 
- 

10,896 
184,484 

2020 

42,646 
36,922 
9,695 

7,359 
8,730 
4,268 
22 

7,981 
117,623 

Total 

341,397 

234,007 

1 CCIRS: Cross Currency Interest Rate Swaps (See Note 2.6.3.) 
2  Other category includes: equity swaps, option and index futures. 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 8:  

FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS (in HUF mn) 
[continued] 

An analysis of securities held for trading portfolio by currency (%): 

Denominated in HUF 
Denominated in foreign currency 
Total 

An analysis of government bond portfolio by currency (%): 

Denominated in HUF 
Denominated in foreign currency 
Total 

Interest conditions of held for trading securities (%): 

Interest rates on securities held for trading  

denominated in HUF 

Interest rates on securities held for trading 

denominated in foreign currency 

2021 

2020 

30.46% 
69.54% 
100.0% 

19.75% 
80.25% 
100.0% 

2021 

2020 

28.31% 
71.69% 
100.00% 

16.92% 
83.08% 
100.00% 

2021 

2020 

0.00% - 6.75% 

0.50% - 7.00% 

0.00% - 9.57% 

0.38% - 6.38% 

Interest conditions and the remaining maturities of securities held for trading can be analysed as follows: 

Within one year 

With variable interest 
With fixed interest 

Over one year 

With variable interest 
With fixed interest 

Non-interest bearing securities 

Total 

2021 

111 
44,011 
44,122 

1,544 
54,976 
56,520 

2,868 

103,510 

2020 

78 
17,147 
17,225 

1,370 
34,237 
35,607 

3,740 

56,572 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 8:  

FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS (in HUF mn) 
[continued] 

Interest conditions and the remaining  maturities of  non-trading  securities  mandatorily  measured at  fair  value 
through profit or loss are as follows: 

Over one year 

With variable interest 
With fixed interest 

Non-interest bearing securities 

Total 

Profit from associates from shares measured  

at fair value through profit or loss 

2021 

- 
- 
- 

53,403 

53,403 

2021 

3,893 

2020 

- 
5,492 
5,492 

52,085 

57,577 

2020 

75 

An  analysis  of  non-trading  securities  mandatorily  measured  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  portfolio  by 
currency (%): 

Denominated in HUF 
Denominated in foreign currency 
Total 

2021 

2020 

57.11% 
42.89% 
100.00% 

57.10% 
42.90% 
100.0% 

2021 

2020 

Interest rates on non-trading securities mandatorily  

measured at fair value through profit or loss  

0.00% - 0.00% 

0.00% - 2.50% 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 9: 

SECURITIES AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (in 
HUF mn) 

Securities at fair value through other  

comprehensive income 
Government bonds 
Corporate bonds 

Listed securities: 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Non-listed securities: 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Mortgage bonds 
Discounted Treasury bills 
Interest bearing treasury bills 
Securities issued by the National Bank of Hungary 
Other securities 

Total 

Non-trading equity instruments to be measured  

at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Listed securities: 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Non-listed securities: 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

2021 

2020 

1,765,172 
88,519 

1,855,134 
81,620 

2,896 
51,882 
54,778 

15,487 
18,254 
33,741 
63,072 
96,625 
63,115 
109,774 
3,257 
2,189,534 

2,968 
52,633 
55,601 

16,782 
9,237 
26,019 
88,272 
76,358 
- 
- 
- 
2,101,384 

2021 

2020 

- 
8,416 
8,416 

403 
26,157 
26,560 
34,976 

- 
4,931 
4,931 

539 
29,855 
30,394 
35,325 

Total 

2,224,510 

2,136,709 

An analysis of securities at fair value through other comprehensive income by currency (%): 

Denominated in HUF 
Denominated in foreign currency 
Total 

2021 

2020 

32.74% 
67.26% 
100.00% 

36.62% 
63.38% 
100.0% 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 9:  

SECURITIES AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME  
(in HUF mn) [continued] 

Detailed  information  of  the  non-trading  equity  instruments  to  be  measured  at  fair  value  through  other 
comprehensive income: 

Strategic investments closely related to banking actitvity 

Fair value 
Dividend income from instruments held  

at the reporting date 
Other strategic investments 

Fair value 
Dividend income from instruments held  

at the reporting date 

Total 

Total fair values 
Dividend income from instruments held  

at the reporting date 

2021 

29,320  

438  

5,656  

29  

34,976 

467 

2020 

27,502 

180 

7,823 

43 

35,325 

223 

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2021  the  Group  sold  HUF  65  million  equity  instruments  designated  to 
measure at fair value through other comprehensive income while during the year ended 31 December 2020 there 
wasn’t any sale transaction. 

An analysis of government bonds by currency (%): 

Denominated in HUF 
Denominated in foreign currency 
Total 

2021 

2020 

24.29% 
75.71% 
100.00% 

35.83% 
64.17% 
100.0% 

Interest conditions of the security portfolio at fair value through other comprehensive income are as follows (%): 

Interest rates on securities at fair value through   

other comprehensive income denominated in HUF 

1.25% - 7.00% 

0.50% - 7.50% 

2021 

2020 

Interest rates on securities at fair value through  
other comprehensive income denominated  
in foreign currency 

0.00% - 17.25% 

0.00% - 18.00% 

Average interest rates securities at fair value through  

other comprehensive income denominated in HUF (%) 

Average interest rates on securities at fair value  

through other comprehensive income denominated 
in foreign currency (%) 

2021 

2.00% 

2020 

1.63% 

2.51% 

2.31% 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 9:  

SECURITIES AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME  
(in HUF mn) [continued] 

Interest conditions and the remaining maturities of securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 
can be analysed as follows: 

Within one year 

With variable interest 
With fixed interest 

Over one year 

With variable interest 
With fixed interest 

Non-interest bearing securities 

Total 

Certain securities are hedged against interest rate risk. See Note 37.4. 

NOTE 10: 

SECURITIES AT AMORTIZED COST (in HUF mn) 

Government bonds 
Corporate bonds 
Discounted Treasury bills 
Mortgage bonds 
Other securities 

2021 

2020 

1,091 
522,939 
524,030 

51,211 
1,614,293 
1,665,504 

4,780 
346,928 
351,708 

62,068 
1,687,608 
1,749,676 

34,976 

35,325 

2,224,510 

2,136,709 

2021 

2020 

3,651,508 
172,526 
15,705 
24,356 
36,353 
3,900,448 

2,545,476 
74,632 
10,469 
- 
- 
2,630,577 

Loss allowance on securities at amortized cost 

(9,113) 

(5,657) 

Total 

3,891,335 

2,624,920 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 10: 

SECURITIES AT AMORTIZED COST (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Interest conditions and the remaining maturities of securities at amortized cost can be analysed as follows: 

Within one year 

With variable interest 
With fixed interest 

Over one year 

With variable interest 
With fixed interest 

2021 

2020 

8,101 
480,296 
488,397 

5,122 
3,406,929 
3,412,051 

- 
156,532 
156,532 

- 
2,474,045 
2,474,045 

Total 

3,900,448 

2,630,577 

An analysis of securities at amortized cost by currency (%): 

Denominated in HUF 
Denominated in foreign currency 
Total 

Interest conditions of securities at amortized cost (%): 

Interest rates of securities at amortized cost 

with variable interest 

Interest rates of securities at amortized cost  

with fixed interest  

Average interest rates on securities  

at amortized cost (%) 

2021 

2020 

75.42% 
24.58% 
100.00% 

86.86% 
13.14% 
100.00% 

2021 

1.20% - 2.08% 

2020 

- 

0.00% - 9.00% 

0.50% - 7.00% 

2021 

2.46% 

2020 

3.07% 

An analysis of the change in the loss allowance on securities at amortized cost is as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Opening change due to modification 
Balance as at 1 January after modification 
Loss allowance for the period 
Release of loss allowance 
Use of loss allowance 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

2021 

5,657 
1,281 
6,938 
6,634 
(3,621) 
(992) 
154 
9,113 

2020 

2,739 
- 
2,739 
6,863 
(4,061) 
12 
104 
5,657 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 11: 

LOANS AT AMORTIZED COST AND AT FAIR VALUE (in HUF mn) 

Loans at amortized cost 

Within one year 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

2021 

2020 

1,243,635 
2,901,682 
4,145,317 

2,359,485 
7,840,375 
10,199,860 

1,154,223 
2,445,006 
3,599,229 

2,002,814 
6,902,342 
8,905,156 

14,345,177 

12,504,385 

Loss allowance on loans 

(851,994) 

(829,543) 

Total 

13,493,183 

11,674,842 

An analysis of the gross loan portfolio at amortized cost by currency (%): 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 
Total 

Interest rates of the loan portfolio at amortized cost are as follows: 

Within one year 

In HUF 

In foreign currency 

Over one year 

In HUF 

In foreign currency 

Average interest rates on loans at amortized cost 

denominated in HUF (%) 

Average interest rates on loans at amortized cost 

denominated in foreign currency (%) 

2021 

2020 

25.12% 
74.88% 
100.00% 

25.25% 
74.75% 
100.0% 

2021 

2020 

0.00% - 52.00%1 

0.00% - 47.70%1 
(0.59)% - 90.00%2  (0.50)% - 90.00%2 

0.00% - 38.70%1 

0.00% - 37.45%1 
(0.59)% - 90.00%2  (0.50)% - 60.00%2 

2021 

6.49% 

4.85% 

2020 

6.00% 

5.53% 

The amount of those loans which were  written-off in the current year but they are  still subject to enforcement 
activity to be collected is still going on were HUF 104,940 million and HUF 94,197 million as at 31 December 
2021 and 2020 respectively. 

1 The highest interest rate relates to HUF loans within one year is overdraft loan, over one year is car loan. 
2 The highest interest rate relates to loans in foreign currency regarding POS services in Russia. 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 11:  

LOANS AT AMORTIZED COST AND AT FAIR VALUE (in HUF mn) [continued] 

An analysis of the change in the loss allowance on loans is as follows: 

2021 

2020 

Balance as at 1 January 
Opening change due to modification 
Balance as at 1 January after modification 

Loss allowance for the period 
Release of loss allowance 

Loss allowance in the current period 

from this: effect of change in parameters  

used for loss allowance calculation 

Use of loss allowance 
Partial write-off 1 
Unwinding 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

Movement in loss allowance on loans and placements is summarized as below: 

Loss allowance on placements and 

gains from write-off and sale of placements 
Loss allowance on loans and gains from write-off 

and sale of loans 

Total 2 

Loans mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss 

829,543 
(1,281) 
828,262 
546,284 
(464,888) 
81,396 

(60,531) 
(66,784) 

(17,936) 
345 
26,711 
851,994 

2021 

1,664 

34,776 

36,440 

684,319 
- 
684,319 
650,165 
(382,800) 
267,365 

126,002 
(100,711) 

(12,503) 

(8,927) 
829,543 

2020 

851 

162,733 

163,584 

Within one year 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

2021 

2020 

61,537 
- 
61,537 

1,006,293 
281 
1,006,574 

48,770 
- 
48,770 

750,211 
3,624 
753,835 

Total 

1,068,111 

802,605 

1 See details in Note 2.11. 
2 See details in Note 31. 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 11:  

LOANS AT AMORTIZED COST AND AT FAIR VALUE (in HUF mn) [continued] 

An analysis of the loan portfolio mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss by currency (%): 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 
Total 

2021 

2020 

99.17% 
0.83% 
100.00% 

99.55% 
0.45% 
100.00% 

Interest rates of the loan portfolio mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss are as follows (%): 

Interest rates on loans denominated 

in HUF 

Interest rates on loans denominated 

in foreign currency 

2021 

2020 

1.21% - 10.83% 

0.77% - 12.83% 

4.00% - 4.00% 

2.50% - 7.89% 

Average interest rates on loan portfolio at fair value through 

profit or loss denominated in HUF (%) 

Average interest rates on loan portfolio at fair value through 

profit or loss denominated in foreign currency (%) 

NOTE 12: 

ASSOCIATES AND OTHER INVESTMENTS (in HUF mn) 

Investments 

Investments in associates  (non-listed) 
Other investments (non-listed) 

Impairment on investments 

Total 

An analysis of the change in the impairment on investments is as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Impairment for the period 
Release of impairment for the period 
Modification due to merge 
Reclassification to securities at fair value 
through other comprehensive income 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

2021 

4.17% 

1.82% 

2021 

42,409 
37,327 
79,736 

2020 

1.32% 

0.00% 

2020 

14,149 
44,158 
58,307 

(12,514) 

(5,864) 

67,222 

52,443 

2021 

5,864 
7,266 
(626) 
28 

- 
(18) 
12,514 

2020 

8,816 
43 
(424) 
- 

(2,654) 
83 
5,864 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 13: 

PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (in HUF mn) 

OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

For the year ended 31 December 2021 

Cost 

Intangible 
assets 

Goodwill 

Property 

Machinery 
and office 
equipment 

Vehicle 

Construction 
in progress 

Total 

Tangible 
assets subject 
to operating 
lease 

Balance as at 1 January  
Additions 
Foreign currency  

translation differences 

Disposals 
Closing balance 

364,495 
90,887 

101,393 
-  

4,656 
(52,035) 
408,003 

4,247 

105,640 

285,506 
28,684 

3,609 
(12,877) 
304,922 

212,105 
37,266 

3,237 
(8,877) 
243,731 

23,893 
19,135 

163 
(1,939) 
41,252 

Depreciation and amortization 

Intangible 
assets 

Property  Machinery 
and office 
equipment 

Vehicle 

Tangible assets 
subject to 
operating lease 

28,926 
13,427 

1,039,721 
300,715 

422 
(11,942) 
30,833 

16,470 
(154,868) 
1,202,038 

23,403 
111,316 

136 
(67,198) 
67,657 

Total 

Balance as at 1 January  
Charge for the period 
Foreign currency  

translation differences 

Disposals 
Closing balance 

Impairment 

224,180 
44,973 

77,753 
9,219 

3,263 
(10,109) 
262,307 

1,266 
(4,531) 
83,707 

155,292 
22,753 

2,394 
(7,301) 
173,138 

6,241 
1,986 

102 
(1,141) 
7,188 

10,279 
4,212 

262 
(5,260) 
9,493 

473,745 
83,143 

7,287 
(28,342) 
535,833 

Intangible 
assets 

Property 

Machinery 
and office 
equipment 

Tangible assets 
subject to 
operating lease 

Total 

Balance as at 1 January  
Impairment for the period 
Release of impairment for the period 
Foreign currency 

 translation differences 

Use of impairment 
Closing balance 

2,704 

5 
(4) 
2,705 

1,122 
2,967 

55 
(591) 
3,553 

42 
- 

6 
(5) 
43 

338 
9 
(204) 

(1) 
(5) 
137 

4,206 
2,976 
(204) 

65 
(605) 
6,438 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 13: 

PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

For the year ended 31 December 2021 [continued] 

Intangible 
assets 

Goodwill 

Property 

Machinery 
and office 
equipment 

Vehicle 

Construction 
in progress 

Total 

Tangible 
assets subject 
to operating 
lease 

Carrying value 
Balance as at 1 January  
Closing balance 

137,611 
142,991 

101,393 
105,640 

206,631 
217,662 

56,771 
70,550 

17,652 
34,064 

23,403 
67,657 

18,309 
21,203 

561,770 
659,767 

Fair values 

- 

- 

247,754 

70,258 

34,063 

- 

21,339 

373,414 

Carrying amount of the temporarily idle properties was HUF 3,057 million and HUF 4,211 million as at 31 December 2021 and 2020 respectively. 
There were no restrictions on title and properties, plants or equipment pledged as security for liabilities as at 31 December 2021 and 2020.  
As at 31 December 2021 and 2020 the amount of contractual commitments for the acquisition of tangible and intangible assets was HUF 1,595 million and HUF 200 million, 
respectively. 

Impairment for the propertied in the currenct period was needed as a result of the valuation performed by using the comparative value method (market analogy method) with 
direct comparison to the  market price  of other similar properties. Actual  market transactions  were used based on the 6-month period prior to the valuation date  where the 
market  price  of  the  analogous  property  is  adjusted  by  an  expert  coefficient  for  market  adaptation  (“ECMA”).  Usually  this  range  is  from  -25%  to  +25%,  and  reflects  the 
availability  of  sufficient  market  information  for  similar  items  but  at  these  properties  ECMA  exceeded  this  range  where  the  circumstances  were  exceptional  although  by 
decision of the appraiser it was used only for unique properties with characteristics similar to the appraised ones, for which no sufficient market analogues are available. The 
price  was adjusted by coefficients reflecting the area, location, size and structure of the property, as well as a  weighing factor reflecting the  weight of the selected market 
analogies in the determined fair value. 

An analysis of the intangible assets for the year ended 31 December 2021 is as follows: 

Intangible assets 

Self-
developed 

Purchased 

Total 

Gross values 
Accumulated amortization 
Impairment 
Carrying value 

12,700 
(5,017) 
- 
7,683 

395,303 
(257,290) 
(2,705) 
135,308 

408,003 
(262,307) 
(2,705) 
142,991 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 13: 

PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

For the year ended 31 December 2021 [continued] 

Carrying value of the investment and goodwill allocated to the appropriate cash generating units 

Subsidiaries 

Carrying amounts 
of the subsidiary in 
HUF million 

Goodwill 
values in 
HUF million 

Goodwill values in 
million functional 
currency 

Type of 
functional 
currency 

Consolidated 
ownership 
interest 

With ownership 
adjusted company 
value in  
HUF million 

Applied long 
term grow rate 

Applied long 
term discount 
rate 

DSK Bank EAD 
(Bulgaria) 

OTP banka d.d. 
(Croatia) 

JSC “OTP Bank” 

(Russia) 

POK-DSK Rodina a.d. 

(Bulgaria) 
George Consult 
(Croatia) 

280,692 

43,138 

28,541  HUF 
77  BGN 

99.91% 

832,445 

3.00% 

7.90% 

205,349 

21,421 

58  EUR 

100.00% 

361,995 

2.69% 

8.83% 

124,411 

40,866 

9,395  RUB 

1,680 

11 

11  HUF 

225 
612,357 

204 
105,640 

4  HRK 

97.92% 

99.85% 

76.00% 

187,552 

1.89% 

15.44% 

15,299 

171 

3.00% 

2.69% 

7.90% 

8.83% 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 13: 

PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

For the year ended 31 December 2021 [continued] 

The  Bank  decided  that  the  recoverable  amount  of  goodwill  is  determined  based  on  fair  value  less  cost  of 
disposal.  In  the  fair  value  hierarchy  goodwill  is  categorized  into  level  3.  When  the  Bank  prepares  goodwill 
impairment tests of the subsidiaries, the two methods which are used based on discounted cash-flow calculation 
that shows the same result; however they represent different economical logics. 

Based  on  the  internal  regulation  of  the  Bank  as  at  31  December  2021  impairment  test  was  prepared  where  a 
three-year cash-flow model was applied with an explicit period between 2022-2024. The basis for the estimation 
was the  financial preliminary estimations for December 2021, and based on the prepared medium-term (2022-
2024)  forecasts.  When  the  Bank  prepared  the  calculations  for  the  period  2022-2024,  it  considered  the  actual 
worldwide economic situations, the expected economic growth for the following years, their possible effects on 
the financial sector, the plans for growing  which result from these, and the expected changes of the mentioned 
factors.  

Present value calculation with the FCF method 

The  Bank  calculated  the  expected  cash-flow  for  the  given  period  based on  the  expected  after  tax  profit  of  the 
companies.  The  calculation  is  highly  sensitive  to  the  level  of  discount  rate  and  growth  rate  used.  As  discount 
factor  the  Bank  uses  a  zero  coupon  yield  curve  derived  by  the  Headquarter  Asse-Liability  Management 
department. This zero coupon curve is estimated for each related countries, based on the countries’ issued bonds 
and segmented by the issuances’ currencies. 
The  Bank  calculated  risk  premiums  on  the  basis  of  information  from  the  country  risk  premiums  that  are 
published by Aswath Damodaran – New York STERN University, according to the Bank’s assumption the risk 
free interest rate includes the country-dependent risks in an implicit way. 
 When  the  subsidiary  owns  subordinated  debt,  the  discount  rate  is  calculated  as  a  weighted  average  of  the 
expected  return  on  equity  presented  previously  and  the  subordinated  debt’s  interest  rate.  At  the  end  of  the 
calculation, the value of subordinated debt is being subtracted from the valuations’ result. 

The growth rate in the explicit period is the growth rate of the profit after tax adjusted by the interest rate of the 
cash and subordinated loans. The supposed growth rates for the periods of residual values reflect the long-term 
economic expectations in case of every country. 
The values of the subsidiaries in the FCF method were then calculated as the sum of the discounted cash-flows 
of the explicit period, the present value of the terminal values and the initial free capital assuming an effective 
capital structure. 

Summary of the impairment test for the year ended 31 December 2021 

Based on the valuations of the subsidiaries as at 31 December 2021 no goodwill impairment was needed to be 
recorded by the Group. 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 13: 

PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Cost 

Intangible 
assets 

Goodwill 

Property 

Machinery 
and office 
equipment 

Vehicle 

Construction 
in progress 

Total 

Tangible 
assets subject 
to operating 
lease 

Balance as at 1 January  
Additions 
Foreign currency  

translation differences 

Disposals 
Reclassified as held-for-sale  
Closing balance 

320,749 
92,313 

111,687 
1,413 

7,769 
(56,183) 
(153) 
364,495 

(5,319) 
(6,388) 
- 
101,393 

279,538 
7,342 

12,987 
(14,361) 
- 
285,506 

192,369 
27,533 

4,094 
(11,737) 
(154) 
212,105 

23,079 
2,208 

215 
(1,609) 
- 
23,893 

22,717 
36,835 

538 
(36,687) 
- 
23,403 

31,799 
6,586 

2,602 
(12,061) 
- 
28,926 

981,938 
174,230 

22,886 
(139,026) 
(307) 
1,039,721 

Depreciation and amortization 

Intangible 
assets 

Property  Machinery 
and office 
equipment 

Vehicle 

Tangible assets 
subject to 
operating lease 

Total 

Balance as at 1 January  
Charge for the period 
Foreign currency  

translation differences 

Disposals 
Reclassified as held-for-sale 
Closing balance 

183,026 
44,115 

71,085 
8,981 

3,875 
(6,733) 
(103) 
224,180 

2,540 
(4,853) 
- 
77,753 

139,813 
22,195 

2,681 
(9,302) 
(95) 
155,292 

5,508 
1,570 

150 
(987) 
- 
6,241 

10,889 
5,064 

1,113 
(6,787) 
- 
10,279 

410,321 
81,925 

10,359 
(28,662) 
(198) 
473,745 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 13: 

PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

For the year ended 31 December 2020 [continued] 

Impairment 

Intangible 
assets 

Goodwill 

Property 

Machinery 
and office 
equipment 

Tangible 
assets subject 
to operating 
lease 

Total 

Balance as at 1 January  
Impairment for the period 
Release of impairment for the period 
Foreign currency 
 translation differences 
Use of impairment 
Closing balance 

803 
2,328 
- 

85 
(512) 
2,704 

6,388 
- 
- 

- 
(6,388) 
- 

- 
1,601 
- 

129 
(608) 
1,122 

1,337 
- 
- 

5 
(1,300) 
42 

440 
- 
(137) 

35 
- 
338 

8,968 
3,929 
(137) 

254 
(8,808) 
4,206 

Intangible 
assets 

Goodwill 

Property 

Machinery 
and office 
equipment 

Vehicle 

Construction 
in progress 

Total 

Tangible 
assets subject 
to operating 
lease 

Carrying value 
Balance as at 1 January  
Closing balance 

136,920 
137,611 

105,299 
101,393 

208,453 
206,631 

51,219 
56,771 

17,571 
17,652 

22,717 
23,403 

20,470 
18,309 

562,649 
561,770 

Fair values 

- 

- 

217,161 

57,614 

16,962 

- 

18,309 

310,046 

An analysis of the intangible assets for the year ended 31 December 2020 is as follows: 

Intangible assets 

Self-
developed 

Purchased 

Total 

Gross values 
Accumulated amortization 
Impairment 
Carrying value 

8,117 
(3,675) 
- 
4,442 

356,378 
(220,505) 
(2,704) 
133,169 

364,495 
(224,180) 
(2,704) 
137,611 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 13: 

PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

For the year ended 31 December 2020 [continued] 

Carrying value of the investment and goodwill allocated to the appropriate cash generating units 

Subsidiaries 

Carrying amounts 
of the subsidiary in 
HUF million 

Goodwill 
values in 
HUF million 

Goodwill values in 
million functional 
currency 

Type of 
functional 
currency 

Consolidated 
ownership 
interest 

With ownership 
adjusted company 
value in  
HUF million 

Applied long 
term grow rate 

Applied long 
term discount 
rate 

DSK Bank EAD 
(Bulgaria) 

OTP banka d.d. 
(Croatia) 

JSC “OTP Bank” 

(Russia) 

POK-DSK Rodina a.d. 

(Bulgaria) 

280,692 

42,984 

28,541  HUF 
77  BGN 

99.91% 

717,318 

3.00% 

8.13% 

205,349 

21,196 

58  EUR 

100.00% 

336,403 

2.69% 

9.37% 

124,410 

37,202 

9,395  RUB 

943 
611,394 

11 
101,393 

11  HUF 

97.91% 

99.75% 

173,315 

1.89% 

13.26% 

941 

3.00% 

8.13% 

Summary of the impairment test for the year ended 31 December 2020 

Based on the valuations of the subsidiaries as at 31 December 2020 no goodwill impairment was needed to be recorded by the Group. 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 14: 

INVESTMENT PROPERTIES (in HUF mn) 

An analysis of the change in gross values of investment properties is as follows: 

Gross values 

Balance as at 1 January 
Increase due to transfer from inventories  

or owner-occupied properties 

Increase from purchase 
Increase due to transfer from held-for-sale properties 
Transfer to held-for-sale properties 
Transfer to inventories or owner-occupied properties 
Disposal due to sale 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

The applied depreciation and amortization rates were as follows: 

2021 

54,154 

3,425 
134 
- 
(66) 
(2,858) 
(14,993) 
445 
40,241 

2020 

53,906 

6,896 
574 
86 
(118) 
(936) 
(8,725) 
2,471 
54,154 

2021 

2020 

Depreciation and amortization rates 

1.00% - 20.00% 

1.00% - 20.00% 

An analysis of the movement in the depreciation and amortization on investment properties is as follows: 

Depreciation and amortization 

Balance as at 1 January  
Additions due to transfer from inventories  

or owner-occupied properties 

Charge for the period 
Transfer to inventories or owner-occupied properties 
Disposal due to sale 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

2021 

11,383 

1,296 
1,113 
(236) 
(4,577) 
132 
9,111 

An analysis of the movement in the impairment on investment properties is as follows: 

Impairment 

Balance as at 1 January 
Impairment for the period 
Release of impairment for the period 
Use of impairment 
Additions due to transfer from inventories  

or owner-occupied properties 

Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

Carrying values 

Balance as at 1 January  
Closing balance 

Fair values 

2021 

4,170 
54 
(297) 
(2,726) 

- 
47 
1,248 

2021 

38,601 
29,882 

34,257 

2020 

8,352 

1,657 
908 
(10) 
(322) 
798 
11,383 

2020 

3,994 
178 
(919) 
- 

587 
330 
4,170 

2020 

41,560 
38,601 

37,842 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 14:  

INVESTMENT PROPERTIES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

The Group chose the cost model for measuring investment properties but estimates and reviews the fair value of 
the investment properties by external experts, these investment properties would have been presented on level 3 
in the fair value hierarchy if the Group didn’t apply cost method for these recognition. 

Income and expenses  

Rental income 
Direct operating expenses of investment properties 
 – income generating 
Direct operating expenses of investment properties  
 – non income generating 

2021 

2,621 

318 

14 

2020 

2,520 

455 

8 

NOTE 15: 

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL ASSETS DESIGNATED AS HEDGE ACCOUNTING (in 
HUF mn) 

Positive fair value of derivative financial assets designated as fair value hedge 

CCIRS and mark-to-market CCIRS designated  

as fair value hedge 

Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedge 
Total 

NOTE 16: 

OTHER ASSETS1 (in HUF mn) 

Other financial assets 

Receivables from card operations 
Prepayments and accrued income on other financial assets 
Trade receivables 
Receivables from investment services 
Other advances 
Stock exchange deals 
Giro clearing accounts 
Receivables due from pension funds and investment funds 
Receivables from leasing activities 
Advances for securities and investments 
Accrued day one gain of loans  

provided at below-market interest 

Other financial assets 
Loss allowance on other financial assets 

Total 

2021 

2020 

5,471 
13,286 
18,757 

6,179 
641 
6,820 

2021 

27,820 
27,778 
24,951 
15,077 
21,043 
12,255 
2,635 
3,250 
363 
525 

- 
17,019 
(16,800) 
135,916 

2020 
Reclassified 

24,816 
23,521 
17,039 
10,716 
26,806 
10,632 
2,441 
8,323 
431 
774 

14,465 
19,057 
(18,459) 
140,562 

1 Other assets are expected to be recovered or settled no more than twelve months after the reporting period. 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 16: 

OTHER ASSETS1 (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Other non-financial assets 

Prepayments and accrued income on other non-financial assets 
Receivables, subsidies from the State, Government 
Settlement and suspense accounts 
Biological assets and agricultural produce 
Other non-financial assets 
Impairment on other non-financial assets 

Total 

Other assets (under IAS 2) 

Inventories 
Repossessed real estate 
Repossessed other non-financial assets 
Write-down of the assets measured under IAS 2 

Total 

Total other assets 

2021 

46,418 
15,800 
14,974 
5,193 
15,495 
(4,413) 
93,467 

2021 

43,843 
6,354 
1,069 
(3,864) 
47,402 

2020 
Reclassified 

19,307 
11,767 
16,355 
- 
11,513 
(4,699) 
54,243 

2020 
Reclassified 

66,748 
9,706 
2,034 
(7,054) 
71,434 

276,785 

266,239 

An analysis of the movement in the loss allowance on other financial assets is as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Loss allowance for the period 
Release of allowance for the period 
Use of loss allowance 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

2021 

2020 

18,459 
8,569 
(6,903) 
(3,767) 
442 
16,800 

14,617 
10,057 
(4,755) 
(1,607) 
147 
18,459 

An analysis of the movement in the impairment on other non-financial assets is as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Transfer due to separation of assets under IAS 2 
Impairment for the period 
Release of impairment for the period 
Use of impairment 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

2021 

4,699 
- 
949 
(653) 
(751) 
169 
4,413 

2020 
Reclassified 

11,871 
(7,419) 
1,358 
(522) 
(516) 
(73) 
4,699 

1 Other assets are expected to be recovered or settled no more than twelve months after the reporting period. 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 17: 

AMOUNTS DUE TO BANKS, THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, DEPOSITS FROM 
THE NATIONAL BANKS AND OTHER BANKS (in HUF mn) 

Within one year 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

2021 

2020 

277,397 
225,398 
502,795 

900,948 
163,605 
1,064,553 

132,182 
117,672 
249,854 

741,772 
193,689 
935,461 

Total 

1,567,348 

1,185,315 

Interest rates on amounts due to banks, the National Governments, deposits from the National Banks and other 
banks are as follows: 

Within one year 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

2021 

2020 

(2.04)% - 4.66% 
(2.40)% - 17.60%1 

0.00% - 20.00% 
(0.56)% - 5.00% 

(2.40)% - 4.66% 

(2.40)% - 2.73% 
(2.40)% - 12.00%2  (2,40)% - 17.60%2 

Average interest rates on amounts due to banks,  
the National Governments, deposits from the  
National Banks and other banks denominated in HUF 

Average interest rates on amounts due to banks,  
the National Governments, deposits from the  
National Banks and other banks denominated in  
in foreign currency 

NOTE 18: 

REPO LIABILITIES (in HUF mn) 

Within one year 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Total 

2021 

2020 

1.20% 

1.00% 

1.49% 

2.11% 

2021 

49,726 
29,321 
79,047 

- 
- 
- 

2020 

- 
8,379 
8,379 

- 
109,612 
109,612 

79,047 

117,991 

1 The highest interest rate for due to banks relate to loans taken from EBRD in Ukraine. 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 18: 

REPO LIABILITIES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Interest rates on repo liabilities are as follows: 

Interest rates on repo liabilities  
denominated in HUF (%) 
Interest rates on repo liabilities  

2021 

0.00% - 2.80% 

2020 

- 

denominated in foreign currency (%) 

(0.95)% - 0.00% 

0.00% - 3.85% 

NOTE 19: 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES DESIGNATED AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR 
LOSS (in HUF mn) 

Within one year 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Total 

Contractual amount outstanding 

2021 

2020 

1,784 
- 
1,784 

39,400 
- 
39,400 

41,184 

21,479 

2,010 
- 
2,010 

29,886 
2,235 
32,121 

34,131 

23,332 

Interest  conditions  of  financial  liabilities  designated  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  can  be  analysed  as 
follows: 

Interest rates on financial liabilities designated at 
fair value denominated in HUF within one year 

Interest rates on financial liabilities designated at 
fair value denominated in HUF over one year 

2021 

2020 

0.46% - 2.46% 

0.51% - 2.50% 

0.01% - 2.90% 

0.00% - 2.50% 

Certain MFB (“Hungarian Development Bank”) refinanced loan receivables are categorised as fair value through 
profit  or  loss  based  on  SPPI  test.  Related  refinancing  loans  at  the  liability  side  are  categorised  as  fair  value 
through profit or loss based on fair value option due to accounting mismatch as provided by the IFRS 9 standard. 

The  Group  controls  capital  funds  where  it  does  not  hold  the  100%  of  the  owner  rights.  The  related  non-
controlling  interest  is  treated  as  financial  liability  designated  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  as  it  is  not 
considered equity under IAS 32. 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 20: 

DEPOSITS FROM CUSTOMERS (in HUF mn) 

Within one year 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

2021 

2020 

7,829,595 
12,758,360 
20,587,955 

293,606 
187,083 
480,689 

6,383,882 
10,990,543 
17,374,425 

327,165 
189,273 
516,438 

Total 

21,068,644 

17,890,863 

Interest rates on deposits from customers are as follows: 

Within one year 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Average interest rates on deposits from customers  

denominated in HUF 

Average interest rates on deposits from customers  

denominated in foreign currency 

2021 

2020 

(2.48)% - 7.96% 
(1.01)% - 17.20%1 

(4,58)% - 7.96% 

(0.58)% - 16.50% 

0.01% - 3.00% 

0.01% - 3.00% 

0.00% - 8.90% 

0.00% - 7.75% 

2021 

0.18% 

0.34% 

2020 

0.10% 

0.49% 

An analysis of deposits from customers by type is as follows: 

Retail deposits 
Corporate deposits 
Municipality deposits 
Total 

2021 

2020 

11,982,784 
8,093,206 
992,654 
21,068,644 

56.88% 
38.41% 
4.71% 
100.00% 

10,695,792 
6,298,143 
896,928 
17,890,863 

59.78% 
35.20% 
5.01% 
100.00% 

1 The highest interest rate regarding foreign currency deposits for the current year relate to treasury deposit in Turkish lira in Hungary, in the 
previous year relate to individually agreed deposits in Ukraine. 

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 21: 

LIABILITIES FROM ISSUED SECURITIES (in HUF mn) 

With original maturity 
Within one year 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

2021 

2020 

9,332 
13 
9,345 

426,929 
51 
426,980 

130,676 
1,366 
132,042 

332,125 
46 
332,171 

Total 

436,325 

464,213 

Interest rates on liabilities from issued securities are as follows: 

Issued securities denominated in HUF 
Issued securities denominated in foreign currency 

0.60% - 4.26% 
0.74% - 5.00% 

0.00% - 2.50% 
0.01% - 1.11% 

2021 

2020 

Average interest rates on issued securities 

denominated in HUF 

Average interest rates on issued securities 

denominated in foreign currency 

2021 

2.20% 

0.25% 

2020 

1.83% 

1.32% 

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 21: 

LIABILITIES FROM ISSUED SECURITIES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Issued securities denominated in HUF as at 31 December 2021 (in HUF mn) 

Name 

Date of issue 

Maturity 

Nominal 
value 
(in HUF 
mn) 

Amortized 
cost 
(in HUF 
mn) 

Interest conditions 

Hedged 

(actual interest rate in 
% p.a.) 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 

OTPX2022A 
OTPX2022B 
OTPX2022C 
OTPX2022D 
OTPX2023A 
OTPX2023B 
OTPX2024A 
OTPX2024B 
OTPX2024C 
OTPRF2022A 
OTPRF2022B 
OTPRF2022C 
OTPRF2022D 
OTPRF2022E 
OTPRF2022F 
OTPRF2023A 
OJB2023_I 
OJB2024_A 
OJB2024_C 
OJB2024_II 
OJB2025_II 
OJB2027_I 
OJB2031_I 
Other 

22/03/2012 
18/07/2012 
29/10/2012 
28/12/2012 
22/03/2013 
28/06/2013 
18/06/2014 
10/10/2014 
15/12/2014 
22/03/2012 
22/03/2012 
28/06/2012 
28/06/2012 
29/10/2012 
28/12/2012 
22/03/2013 
05/04/2018 
17/09/2018 
24/02/2020 
10/10/2018 
03/02/2020 
23/07/2020 
18/08/2021 

23/03/2022 
18/07/2022 
28/10/2022 
27/12/2022 
24/03/2023 
26/06/2023 
21/06/2024 
16/10/2024 
20/12/2024 
23/03/2022 
23/03/2022 
28/06/2022 
28/06/2022 
31/10/2022 
28/12/2022 
24/03/2023 
24/11/2023 
20/05/2024 
24/10/2024 
24/10/2024 
26/11/2025 
27/10/2027 
22/10/2031 

175 
164 
177 
238 
312 
198 
241 
295 
242 
2,321 
934 
209 
286 
862 
708 
899 
44,120 
57,067 
80,125 
96,800 
22,550 
76,850 
82,000 
211 

236 
549 
317 
290 
366 
272 
277 
336 
275 
2,513 
1011 
266 
324 
933 
773 
977 
42,300 
57,010 
79,972 
89,138 
20,003 
67,257 
70,655 
211 

indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
1.75 
4.26 
3.95 
2.50 
1.50 
1.25 
2.50 

- 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
0.60 
1.30 
0.70 
0.60 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
fix 
floating 
floating 
fix 
fix 
fix 
fix 

hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 

hedged 

Total issued securities in HUF 

467,984 

436,261 

Issued securities denominated in foreign currency are promissory notes issued by JSC “OTP Bank” (Russia) in 
the amount of HUF 64 million as at 31 December 2021. 

70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 21: 

LIABILITIES FROM ISSUED SECURITIES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Issued securities denominated in HUF as at 31 December 2020 (in HUF mn) 

Name 

Date of issue 

Maturity 

Nominal 
value 
(in HUF 
mn) 

Amortized 
cost 
(in HUF 
mn) 

Interest conditions 

Hedged 

(actual interest rate in 
% p.a.) 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 

OTPX2021A 
OTPX2021B 
OTPX2021C 
OTPX2021D 
OTPX2022A 
OTPX2022B 
OTPX2022C 
OTPX2022D 
OTPX2023A 
OTPX2023B 
OTPX2024A 
OTPX2024B 
OTPX2024C 
OTPRF2021A 
OTPRF2021B 
OTPRF2021C 
OTPRF2021D 
OTPRF2021E 
OTPRF2022A 
OTPRF2022B 
OTPRF2022C 
OTPRF2022D 
OTPRF2022E 
OTPRF2022F 
OTPRF2023A 
OJB2021_I 
OJB2023_I 
OJB2024_A 
OJB2024_C 
OJB2024_II 
OJB2025_II 
OJB2027_I 
Other 

01/04/2011 
17/06/2011 
19/09/2011 
21/12/2011 
22/03/2012 
18/07/2012 
29/10/2012 
28/12/2012 
22/03/2013 
28/06/2013 
18/06/2014 
10/10/2014 
15/12/2014 
05/07/2011 
20/10/2011 
21/12/2011 
21/12/2011 
21/12/2011 
22/03/2012 
22/03/2012 
28/06/2012 
28/06/2012 
29/10/2012 
28/12/2012 
22/03/2013 
15/02/2017 
05/04/2018 
17/09/2018 
24/02/2020 
10/10/2018 
03/02/2020 
23/07/2020 

01/04/2021 
21/06/2021 
24/09/2021 
27/12/2021 
23/03/2022 
18/07/2022 
28/10/2022 
27/12/2022 
24/03/2023 
26/06/2023 
21/06/2024 
16/10/2024 
20/12/2024 
13/07/2021 
25/10/2021 
30/12/2021 
30/12/2021 
30/12/2021 
23/03/2022 
23/03/2022 
28/06/2022 
28/06/2022 
31/10/2022 
28/12/2022 
24/03/2023 
27/10/2021 
24/11/2023 
20/05/2024 
24/10/2024 
24/10/2024 
26/11/2025 
27/10/2027 

Total issued securities in HUF 

183 
245 
231 
259 
201 
172 
201 
248 
324 
198 
241 
295 
242 
2,607 
2,894 
527 
372 
76 
2,065 
831 
190 
260 
761 
623 
787 
114,000 
44,120 
46,771 
64,379 
96,800 
17,650 
65,800 
213 

464,766 

246 
370 
192 
325 
214 
440 
233 
299 
327 
225 
237 
284 
232 
2,807 
2,954 
544 
381 
74 
1,920 
772 
196 
251 
715 
592 
740 
113,732 
44,623 
46,639 
64,175 
95,645 
17,499 
64,705 
213 

462,801 

indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
indexed 
2.00 
1.75 
1.35 
1.05 
2.50 
1.50 
1.25 

NaN 
NaN 
NaN 
NaN 
NaN 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
0.60 
1.30 
0.70 
0.60 
NaN 
NaN 
NaN 
NaN 
NaN 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
fix 
fix 
floating 
floating 
fix 
fix 
fix 

hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 
hedged 

hedged 

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 21: 

LIABILITIES FROM ISSUED SECURITIES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Issued securities denominated in foreign currency as at 31 December 2020 (in HUF mn) 

Name 

Date of 
issue 

Maturity 

Type 
of FX 

Nominal value 

Amortized cost 

(FX 
mn) 

(HUF 
mn) 

(FX 
mn) 

(HUF 
mn) 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 

20/02/2020 
02/04/2020 
14/05/2020 
18/06/2020 

OTP_VK1_21/1 
OTP_VK1_21/2 
OTP_VK1_21/3 
OTP_VK1_21/4 
Other 1 
Total issued securities in FX 

20/02/2021 
02/04/2021 
14/05/2021 
18/06/2021 

USD 
USD 
USD 
USD 

1.39 
1.24 
1.18 
0.74 
12 

414 
370 
351 
221 
47 

1.39 
1.24 
1.18 
0.74 
14 

414 
370 
351 
221 
56 

16.55 

1,403 

18.55 

1,412 

Total issued securities 

464,213 

Interest 
conditions 
(actual interest rate 
in % p.a.) 

1.1 
0.1 
0.01 
1.1 

floating 
floating 
floating 
floating 

Hedge accounting 

Certain issued structured securities are hedged by the Bank with interest rate swaps (“IRS”) which exchange the 
fixed and floating interest rate with the interest rate of the securities between the parties at a notional amount that 
equals  the  nominal  amount  of  the  hedged  securities.  These  are  considered  as  fair  value  hedge  relationships  as 
they cover the interest rate risk arising from the coupons of the hedged securities. OTP Bank does not intend to 
be exposed to the risk embedded in the structured bonds, consequently  as part of interest rate swap transaction 
the structured interest payments are swapped to floating interest rate. 

This hedging relationship meets all of the following hedge effectiveness requirements: 

• 
• 
• 

there is an economic relationship between the hedged item and the hedging instrument 
the effect of credit risk does not dominate the value changes that result from that economic relationship 
the hedge ratio of the hedging relationship is the same as that resulting from the quantity  of the hedged 
item that the Bank actually hedges and the quantity of the hedging instrument that the Bank actually uses 
to hedge that quantity of hedged item 

The  cash-flows  of  the  fixed  rate  securities  issued  by  the  Bank  are  exposed  to  the  changes  in  the  HUF/EUR 
foreign exchange rate and the volatility of the quoted interest rates of EUR and HUF. The interest rate risk and 
foreign  exchange  risk  related  to  these  securities  are  hedged  with  EUR  and  HUF  IRS  transactions,  where  the 
fixed  interests  were  swapped  to  payments  linked  to  3  month  HUF  BUBOR  and  EURIBOR,  resulting  in  a 
decrease in the interest rate and foreign exchange exposure of issued securities. 

Term Note Program in the value of HUF 200 billion for the year of 2021/2022 

On 28 May 2021 the Bank  initiated term note program in the  value of HUF 200 billion  with  the  intention  of 
issuing registered dematerialized bonds in public. On 8 July 2021, the National Bank of Hungary approved the 
prospectus of Term Note Program and the disclosure as at 9 July 2021.  The prospectus is valid for 12 months 
following the disclosure.  
The  Issuer  can  initiate  to  introduce  the  bonds  issued  under  the  program  to  the  Hungarian  and  to  other  stock 
exchanges without any obligations. 

Term Note Program in the value of HUF 200 billion for the year of 2020/2021 

On 21 April 2020 the Bank initiated term note program in the value of HUF 200 billion  with the intention of 
issuing registered dematerialized bonds in public. On 9 July 2020, the National Bank of Hungary approved the 
prospectus of Term Note Program and the disclosure as at 10 July 2020. The prospectus is valid for 12 months 
following the disclosure.  
The  Issuer  can  initiate  to  introduce  the  bonds  issued  under  the  program  to  the  Hungarian  and  to  other  stock 
exchanges without any obligations. 

1 Other category includes promissory notes issued by JSC “OTP Bank” (Russia) in the amount of HUF 56 million as at 31 December 2020. 

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 22: 

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL LIABILITIES HELD FOR TRADING (in HUF mn) 

Negative fair value of derivative financial liabilities held for trading by type of contracts 

Foreign exchange swaps held for trading 
Commodity swaps 
Interest rate swaps held for trading  
Foreign exchange forward contracts  

held-for-trading 

CCIRS and mark-to-market CCIRS  
held for trading 
Held for trading option contracts  
Held-for-trading forward security agreement 
Other derivative transactions held for trading 1 
Total 

2021 

46,380 
51,508 
87,945 

7,738 

7,789 
479 
13 
864 
202,716 

2020 

39,103 
8,269 
32,960 

10,750 

7,419 
3,843 
116 
2,363 
104,823 

NOTE 23: 

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL LIABILITIES DESIGNATED AS HEDGE ACCOUNTING 
(in HUF mn)  

Negative fair value of derivative financial liabilities designated as hedge accounting by type of contracts 

CCIRS and mark-to-market CCIRS designated  

as fair value hedge 

Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedge 
Total 

2021 

5,451 
5,777 
11,228 

2020 

6,007 
5,334 
11,341 

1 Other category includes: fx spot, equity swaps, options and index futures. 

73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 24: 

PROVISIONS AND OTHER LIABILITIES1 (in HUF mn) 

Other financial liabilities 

Liabilities connected to Cafeteria benefits  
Liabilities from investment services 
Accrued expenses on other financial liabilities 
Liabilities from card transactions 
Accounts payable 
Liabilities due to short positions 
Giro clearing accounts 
Advances received from customers 
Liabilities from wages and other salary related payments 
Loans from government 
Accrued day one gain of loan liabilities  

at below-market interest 

Dividend payable 
Other financial liabilities 
Subtotal 

Other non-financial liabilities 

Clearing and giro settlement accounts 
Liabilities from social security contributions 
Accrued expenses on other non-financial liabilities 
Liabilities related to housing loans 
Insurance technical reserve 

Other non-financial liabilities 
Subtotal 

Total 

2021 

2020 
Reclassified 

114,867 
92,612 
58,247 
31,484 
46,243 
16,904 
14,830 
11,903 
13,092 
5,851 

- 
135 
79,603 
485,771 

2021 

48,715 
11,853 
13,029 
11,428 
3,416 

23,869 
112,310 

121,711 
62,667 
42,212 
20,402 
41,460 
9,131 
14,589 
11,259 
17,784 
3,435 

14,391 
119 
48,526 
407,686 

2020 
Reclassified 

38,912 
7,423 
6,997 
8,868 
4,545 

14,995 
81,740 

598,081 

489,426 

1  Other  liabilities  are  expected  to  be  recovered  or  settled  no  more  than  twelve  months  after  the  reporting  period.  Besides  the  total  other 
liabilities  mentioned  above,  which  are  expected  to  be  recovered  or  settled  more  than  twelve  months  after  the  reporting  period  are  the 
following:  accrued  contractual  liabilities,  compulsory  pension  reserve,  loans  from  government  and  liabilities  from  preferential  dividend 
shares. 

74 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 24: 

PROVISIONS AND OTHER LIABILITIES1 (in HUF mn) [continued] 

The provisions are detailed as follows: 

Commitments and guarantees given 
Total provision according to IFRS 9 

Pending legal issues and tax litigation 
Pensions and other retirement 

benefit obligations 

Other long-term employee benefits 
Restructuring 
Provision due to CHF loans conversion 

 at foreign subsidiaries 

Other provision 
Total provision according to IAS 37 

2021 

51,990 
51,990 

35,354 

9,308 
910 
1,801 

1,285 
19,151 
67,809 

2020 

54,810 
54,810 

34,894 

10,975 
2,396 
1,531 

1,949 
9,912 
61,657 

Total   

119,799 

116,467 

The movements of provisions according to IFRS 9 can be summarized as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Provision for the period 
Release of provision for the period 
Use of provision 
Transfer 
Foreign currency translation differences 
Closing balance 

2021 

2020 

54,810 
28,869 
(28,770) 
(7) 
(4,426) 
1,514 
51,990 

48,662 
98,703 
(90,041) 
(2,276) 
- 
(238) 
54,810 

The movements of provisions according to IAS 37 can be summarized as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Provision for the period 
Release of provision for the period 
Use of provision 
Change due to actuarial gains or losses  

related to employee benefits 

Unwinding of the discounted amount 
Transfer 
Foreign currency translation differences 
Closing balance 

2021 

2020 

61,657 
37,924 
(27,167) 
(10,953) 

(42) 
7 
4,426 
1,957 
67,809 

55,772 
23,381 
(17,251) 
(4,501) 

(144) 
- 
- 
4,400 
61,657 

1 Other liabilities are expected to be recovered or settled no more than twelve months after the reporting period. Besides the total other 
liabilities mentioned above,  which are expected to be recovered or settled more than twelve months after the reporting period are the 
following: accrued contractual liabilities, compulsory pension reserve, loans from government and liabilities from preferential dividend 
shares. 

75 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 25: 

SUBORDINATED BONDS AND LOANS (in HUF mn) 

Within one year 

In HUF 
In foreign currency 

Over one year 
In HUF 
In foreign currency 

2021 

- 
2,841 
2,841 

- 
275,493 
275,493 

2020 

- 
2,843 
2,843 

- 
271,861 
271,861 

Total 

278,334 

274,704 

Types of subordinated bonds and loans are as follows: 

Debt securities issued 
Loan received 
Total 

Interest rates on subordinated bonds and loans are as follows: 

Denominated in HUF 
Denominated in foreign currency 

Average interest rates on  
subordinated bonds and loans  

2021 

2020 

6,558 
271,776 
278,334 

269,566 
5,138 
274,704 

2021 

2020 

 -  
2.50% - 5.00% 

- 
2.50% - 5.00% 

2021 

2.75%  

2020 

2.94% 

Subordinated bonds and loans can be detailed as follows: 

Type 

Nominal 
value 

Date of 
issuance 

Date of 
maturity 

Issue 
price 

Interest conditions 

Interest rate as 
at 31 December 
2021 

Subordinated 
bond 

EUR 231 
million 

07/11/2006 

Perpetual 

99.375% 

Three-month EURIBOR + 
3%, variable after year 10 
(payable quarterly) 

2.428% 

Subordinated 
bond 

EUR 500 
million  

15/07/2019  15/07/2029 

99.738% 

Subordinated 
loan 

USD 17.0 
million 

05/06/2018  30/06/2025 

100.00% 

Fixed 2.875% annual in 
the first 5 years and 
callable after 5 years, 
starting from year 6 fix 
coupon (payable annually) 
is calculated as a sum of 
the initial margin (320 
basis point) and the 5 year 
mid-swap rate prevailing 
at the end of the 5 year. 

Bullet repayment, once at 
the end of the loan 
agreement 

2.875% 

5.00% 

76 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 26: 

SHARE CAPITAL (in HUF mn) 

Authorized, issued and fully paid: 

Ordinary shares 

2021 

28,000 

2020 

28,000 

The  nominal value of the shares is HUF 100 per shares. All  of the  shares are ordinary shares representing the 
same  rights  to  the  shareholders.  Furthermore  there  are  no  restrictions  on  the  distribution  of  dividends  and  the 
repayment of capital. 

NOTE 27: 

RETAINED EARNINGS AND RESERVES1 (in HUF mn) 

In 2021, the Bank did  not pay dividend based on the  earlier NBH  warnings  issued due  to covid  moratoria.  In 
2022 dividend of HUF 119 billion from the profit of years 2019 and 2020 and HUF 1 billion from the profit of 
year 2021 (totally HUF 120 billion) are expected to be proposed by the Management, which means HUF 425,89 
(for  the  year  2019  and  2020)  and  HUF  3,57  (for  the  year  2021)  dividend  per  share  payable  to  shareholders, 
respectively. In the opinion of the Management dividend is still considered to be payable, which will be decided 
on the Bank’s Board meeting in March taken in consideration the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. 

The retained earnings and reserves according to IFRS contains the retained earnings (HUF 841,261 million and 
HUF  744,802  million)  and  reserves  (HUF  2,265,262  million  and  HUF  1,884,274  million)  as  at  31  December 
2021 and 31 December 2020 respectively. The reserves include mainly the option reserve, other reserves, the fair 
value  adjustment  of  financial  instruments  at  fair  value  through  other  comprehensive  income,  share-based 
payment reserve,  fair value of hedge transactions, additional reserves of Income Certificates Exchangeable for 
Shares  (“ICES”),  changes  in  equity  accumulated  in  the  previous  years  at  the  subsidiaries  and  due  to 
consolidation as well as translation of foreign exchange differences. 
In  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  the  Group  recognizes  the  non-monetary  items  at  historical  cost.  The 
difference  between  the  historical  cost  of  the  non-monetary  items  in  forint  amount  and  the  translated  foreign 
currencies into the presentation currency  using the exchange rate  at the balance sheet date, is presented in the 
shareholders’ equity as a translation difference.  The accumulated amounts of exchange differences were HUF 
58,164 million and HUF (3,369) million as at 31 December 2021 and 2020, respectively. 

On 19 October 2006, the Bank sold 14.5 million Treasury shares owned by the Group through an issue of ICES. 
Within  the  transaction  10  million  shares  owned  by  OTP  Bank,  and  a  further  4.5  million  shares  owned  by  the 
Group were sold during the underwriting period of ICES on the weighted average market price (HUF 7,080) of 
the Budapest Stock Exchange. The shares have been purchased by Opus Securities S.A. (“OPUS”), which issued 
an exchangeable bond  with a total face value of EUR 514,274,000 backed by those shares. The exchangeable 
bonds  have  been  sold  at  a  32%  premium  over  the  selling  price  of  the  shares.  The  EUR  denominated 
exchangeable bonds were perpetual and the investors could have exercised the conversion right between years 6 
and 10. The bonds carried a fixed coupon of 3.95% during the  first 10 years, and thereafter the Issuer had the 
right to redeem the bonds at face value. Following year 10, the bonds carried a coupon of 3 month EURIBOR 
+3%.    OTP  Bank  had  a  discretional  right  to  cancel  the  interest  payments.  The  interest  payable  was  non-
cumulative.  
Due to the conditions described above, ICES was accounted as an equity instrument and therefore any payment 
was accounted as equity distribution paid to ICES holders. 

On  14  September  2021  the  Bank  decided  to  terminate  the  subordinated  swap  agreement  related  to  ICES 
transaction as at 29 October 2021, and to exercise its option for repurchasing approximately 14.5 million OTP 
ordinary  shares  held  by  Opus  at  market  price  based  on  the  swap  agreement.  On  the  same  day,  the  Bank 
recognised liability due to Opus as a reduction of EUR 514 million in the shareholder’s equity. 

Treasury  shares  were repurchased on 29 October 2021 on  a price  HUF 18,118 and on the same day the  swap 
transaction  was  financially  settled.  As  a  result  of  the  closure  of  the  subordinated  swap  agreement  the  Bank’s 
shareholder’s  equity  increased  by  HUF  75,421  million,  the  Group’s  shareholders’  equity  increased  by  HUF 
35,063 million. 

Approximately 12 million pieces of treasury shares were sold to OTP SECOP I. (“OTP Special Employee Stock 
Ownership Program”)  and OTP SECOP II. 

1 See more details in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income and in the Consolidated statement of  Changes in equity on page 

6 and 7. 

77 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 27: 

RETAINED EARNINGS AND RESERVES1 (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Share capital 

Share capital is the portion of the Bank’s equity that has been obtained by the issue of shares in the corporation 
to a shareholder, usually for cash. 

Retained earnings 

Profit of previous years generated by the Group that are not distributed to shareholders as dividends. 

Other reserves 

The other reserves contain separated reserves due to statutory provisions.  

Option reserve 

OTP Bank Plc. and MOL Plc. entered into a share swap agreement in 16 April 2009, whereby OTP has changed 
24,000,000  OTP  ordinary  shares  for  5,010,501  „A  series”  MOL  shares.  The  final  maturity  of  the  share  swap 
agreement is 11 July 2022, until which any party can initiate cash or physical settlement of the transaction. 
Option reserve represents the written put option over OTP ordinary shares were accounted as a deduction from 
equity at the date of OTP-MOL share swap transaction. 

Share-based payment reserve 

Share-based payment reserve represents the increase in the equity due to the goods or services were received by 
the Bank in an equity-settled share-based payment transaction, valued at the fair value of the goods or services 
received (see details in Note 40). 

Other comprehensive income 

Other  comprehensive  income  comprises  items  of  income  and  expense  (including  reclassification  adjustments) 
that are not recognized in profit or loss as required or permitted by other IFRSs.  

Net investment hedge in foreign operations 

Reserve  presented  as  net  investment  hedge  in  foreign  operations  in  the  sharholders’  equity  is  related  to  DSK 
Bank EAD, OTP banka d.d. and Crnogorska komercijalna banka a.d. 

Extra reserves 

The result of ICES bond issuance  was presented as extra  reserve, any payment to the owner of the ICES  was 
booked  as  decreaseing  item  in  the  extra  reserve  in  the  consolidation  books  until  the  termination  of  the 
subordinated swap agreement related to ICES transaction as it was detailed above in this note when the whole 
extra reserve presented here was transferred to retained earnings. 

1 See more details in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income and in the Consolidated statement of  Changes in equity on page 

6 and 7. 

78 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 27: 

RETAINED EARNINGS AND RESERVES1 (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Changes in equity accumulated in the previous year at the subsidiaries and due to consolidation 

The accumulated changes at the subsidiaries contain the accumulated gains and losses of the subsidiaries from 
the first day when they were included in the consolidation process. The changes due to consolidation contain the 
effect on the result of the eliminations in the consolidation process of the previous years.  

Retained earnings 
Capital reserve 
Option reserve 
Other reserves 
Actuarial loss related to employee defined benefits 
Fair value of financial instruments measured  

at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Share-based payment reserve 
Fair value of derivative financial instruments  

designated as cash-flow hedge 

Net investment hedge in foreign operations 
Extra reserves 
Net profit for the period 
Changes in equity accumulated in the previous 

year at the subsidiaries and due to consolidation 

Foreign currency translation differences 
Retained earnings and other reserves 

Fair value adjustment of securities at fair value 

through other comprehensive income 

Balance as at 1 January 
Change of fair value 
Deferred tax related to change of fair value 
Transfer to profit or loss due to 

reclassification to FVTPL securities 

Other transfer to retained earnings 
Deferred tax related to other transfer to retained earnings 
Transfer to profit or loss due to derecognition 
Deferred tax related to transfer to proft or loss 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

Expected credit loss on securities at fair value  

through other comprehensive income 

Balance as at 1 January 
Increase of loss allowance 
Release of loss allowance 
Decrease due to sale, derecognition 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

2021 

2020 

844,343 
52 
(55,468) 
129,208 
(471) 

11,690 
46,162 

- 
(27,405) 
- 
455,592 

744,802 
52 
(55,468) 
93,569 
(513) 

61,396 
42,573 

- 
(27,405) 
89,935 
259,416 

1,647,642 
58,164 
3,109,509 

1,424,088 
(3,369) 
2,629,076 

2021 

2020 

43,958 
(49,621) 
3,035 

- 
(5,070) 
457 
(2,547) 
491 
1,644 
(7,653) 

2021 

6,984 
4,414 
(3,453) 
(1,749) 
514 
6,710 

50,272 
(10,897) 
1,403 

(144) 
- 
- 
3,329 
(472) 
467 
43,958 

2020 

2,927 
6,303 
(1,441) 
(724) 
(81) 
6,984 

1 See more details in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income and in the Consolidated statement of  Changes in equity on page 

6 and 7. 

79 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 27: 

RETAINED EARNINGS AND RESERVES1 (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Fair value changes of equity instruments as 

at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Balance as at 1 January 
Change of fair value 
Deferred tax related to change of fair value 
Transfer to retained earnings due to derecognition 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

Net investment hedge in foreign operations 

Balance as at 1 January 
Change of fair value on hedging item 
Deferred tax related to change of fair value 
Closing balance 

Actuarial loss related to employee benefits 

Balance as at 1 January 
Change of actuarial loss related to  

employee benefits 

Deferred tax related to change of actuarial loss related to  

employee benefits 

Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

2021 

2020 

10,454 
2,465 
(361) 
(207) 
282 
12,633 

15,115 
(3,336) 
363 
(1,746) 
58 
10,454 

2021 

2020 

(27,405) 
- 
- 
(27,405) 

(18,814) 
(9,440) 
849 
(27,405) 

2021 

(513) 

98 

(11) 
(45) 
(471) 

2020 

(640) 

126 

1 
- 
(513) 

Foreign currency translation difference 

2021 

2020 

Balance as at 1 January 
Change of foreign currency translation 
Closing balance 

(3,369) 
61,533 
58,164 

(72,404) 
69,035 
(3,369) 

1 See more details in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income and in the Consolidated statement of  Changes in equity on page 

6 and 7. 

80 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 28: 

TREASURY SHARES (in HUF mn) 

Nominal value (Ordinary shares) 
Carrying value at acquisition cost 

2021 

2020 

1,091 
106,941 

2,392 
124,080 

The  changes  in  the  carrying  value  of  treasury  shares  are  due  to  repurchase  and  sale  transactions  on  market 
authorised by the General Assembly. 

Change in number of shares: 

Number of shares as at 1 January  
Additions 
Disposals 
Closing number of shares 

Change in carrying value: 

Balance as at 1 January  
Additions 
Disposals 
Closing balance 

2021 

2020 

23,924,900 
16,251,451 
(29,269,470) 
10,906,881 

17,779,845 
8,296,388 
(2,151,333) 
23,924,900 

2021 

2020 

124,080 
276,433 
(293,572) 
106,941 

60,931 
85,922 
(22,773) 
124,080 

NOTE 29: 

NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST (in HUF mn) 

Balance as at 1 January 
Increase due to business combination 
Non-controlling interest included in net profit for the period 
Purchase of non-controlling interest 
Decrease due to discontinued operation 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

2021 

4,116 
1,041 
836 
- 
- 
205 
6,198 

2020 

4,956 
- 
221 
(382) 
(235) 
(444) 
4,116 

The non-controlling interest is not significant in respect of the whole OTP Group. 

81 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 30: 

INTEREST INCOME,  INCOME SIMILAR TO INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSE 
(in HUF mn)  

2021 

2020 

Interest income calculated using  

the effective interest method from / on 
loans 
securities at amortized cost 
finance lease receivables 
securities at fair value through other 

comprehensive income 

banks and balances with the National Banks 
placements with other banks 
liabilities (negative interest expense) 
repo receivables 

Subtotal 

Income similar to interest income from 

swap deals related to placements with other banks 
loans mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss 
swap deals related to credit institutions 
rental income 
non-trading securities mandatorily at fair value 

through profit or loss 

Subtotal 

Total interest income and incomes similar  
to interest income 

Interest expense due to / from / on 

swaps related to banks, National Governments  

and to deposits from the National Banks 

deposits from customers 
swaps related to deposits from customers 
banks, National Governments and on deposits 

from the National Banks 

issued securities 
subordinated and supplementary bonds and loans 
financial assets (negative interest income) 
depreciation of assets subject to operating lease 

and investment properties 

leases 
repo liabilities 
other 

Total interest expense 

692,432 
79,602 
59,084 

49,473 
16,527 
20,922 
3,672 
827 
922,539 

128,519 
40,131 
15,557 
8,964 

1,749 
194,920 

658,579 
69,905 
54,046 

44,782 
5,103 
7,572 
1,628 
286 
841,901 

78,577 
28,251 
20,322 
8,363 

473 
135,986 

1,117,459 

977,887 

2021 

2020 

116,895 
50,645 
23,860 

17,467 
9,822 
7,598 
7,275 

5,325 
1,556 
2,299 
407 
243,149 

82,301 
53,196 
17,226 

13,785 
7,750 
7,718 
5,014 

5,624 
1,623 
653 
326 
195,216 

82 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 31: 

LOSS ALLOWANCES / IMPAIRMENT / PROVISIONS (in HUF mn)  

Loss allowance on loans 

Loss allowance for the period 
Release of loss allowance 
Income from loan recoveries 
Change in the fair value attributable to changes in the 

credit risk of loans mandatorily measured  
 at fair value through profit of loss   

Loss allowance on finance lease 
Release of loss allowance on finance lease 

Loss allowance on due from banks, balances with National  

Banks, on placements and on repo receivables 
Allowance for the period 
Release of allowance 

Loss allowance on securities  

at fair value through other comprehensive income  
and on securities at amortized cost 
Allowance for the period 
Release of allowance 

Release of impairment of intangible,  

tangible assets subject to operating lease  
and of investment properties 
Impairment for the period 
Release of impairment 

Provision for  

commitments and guarantees given 
Provision for the period 
Release of provision 

2021 

546,284 
(475,067) 
(51,876) 

2020 
Reclassified 

650,165 
(390,102) 
(98,300) 

16,289 
20,694 
(14,918) 
41,406 

27,341 
(24,737) 
2,604 

11,048 
(7,074) 
3,974 

63 
(501) 
(438) 

28,869 
(28,770) 
99 

3,262 
23,807 
(13,835) 
174,997 

16,476 
(15,691) 
785 

13,166 
(5,857) 
7,309 

178 
(1,056) 
(878) 

98,703 
(90,041) 
8,662 

Loss allowances / Impairment and provisions 

47,645 

190,875 

83 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 32: 

NET PROFIT FROM FEES AND COMMISSIONS (in HUF mn) 

Income from fees and commissions 

2021 

2020 

Fees and commissions related to lending1 

36,999 

33,233 

Deposit and account maintenance  

fees and commissions 

Fees and commissions related to 

 the issued bank cards 

Currency exchange gains and losses 
Fees related to cash withdrawal 
Fees and commissions related  

to security trading 

Fees and commissions related to fund management 
Insurance fee income 
Other 
Fees and commissions from contracts with customers 

198,145 

173,578 

99,766 
47,843 
46,143 

30,224 
23,553 
16,974 
54,466 
517,114 

83,474 
46,290 
39,120 

25,830 
28,800 
13,603 
42,601 
453,296 

Total 

554,113 

486,529 

Fee type 

Deposit and 
account 
maintenance 
fees and 
commissions 
and fees 
related to cash 
withdrawal 

Nature and timing of obligation settlement, and the significant 
payment terms 

Revenue recognition 
under IFRS 15 

Fees for ongoing account 
management  services  are 
charged  on  a  monthly 
basis  during  the  period 
when they are provided. 

fees 
Transaction-based 
are  charged  when 
the 
transaction takes place or 
charged  monthly  at  the 
end of the month. 

The  Group  provides  a  number  of  account  management  services  for 
both retail and corporate customers in which they charge a fee. Fees 
related  to  these  services  can  be  typically  account  transaction  fees 
(money  transfer  fees,  direct  debit  fees,  money  standing  order  fees, 
etc.), internet banking fees (e.g. OTP Direct fee), account control fees 
(e.g.  sms  fee),  or  other  fees  for  occasional  services  (account 
statement fees, other administration fees, etc.). 

Fees  for  ongoing  account  management  services  are  charged  to  the 
customer’s account on a monthly basis. The fees are commonly fixed 
amounts that can be vary per account package and customer category. 
In  the  case  of  the  transaction  based  fees  where  the  services  include 
money  transfer  the  fee  is  charged  when  the  transaction  takes  place. 
The  rate  of  the  fee  is  typically  determined  in  a  certain  %  of  the 
transaction  amount.  In  the  case  of  other  transaction-based  fees  (e.g. 
SMS fee), the fee is settled monthly. 
In  the  case  of  occasional  services  the  Group  basically  charges  the 
fees  when  the  services  are  used  by  the  customer.  The  fees  can  be 
fixed fees or they can be set in %. 
The rates are reviewed by the Group regularly. 

1 Such kinds of fees and commissions related to lending which aren’t included  in the effective interest rate calculation due to their nature. 

84 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 32: 

 NET PROFIT FROM FEES AND COMMISSIONS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Fee type 

Fees and 
commission 
related to the 
issued bank 
cards 

Fees and 
commissions 
related to 
security 
account 
management 
services 

Fees and 
commissions 
related to fund 
management 

Net insurance 
fee income 

Other 

Nature and timing of obligation settlement, and the significant 
payment terms 

Revenue recognition 
under IFRS 15 

The  Group  provides  a  variety  of  bank  cards  to  its  customers,  for 
which  different  fees  are  charged.  The  fees  are  basically  charged  in 
connection  with  the 
issuance  of  cards  and  the  related  card 
transactions. 
The  annual  fees  of  the  cards  are  charged  in  advance  in  a  fixed 
amount.  The  amount  of  the  annual  card  fee  depends  on  the  type  of 
card. 
In case of transaction-based fees (e.g. cash  withdrawal/payment fee, 
merchant  fee,  interchange  fee,  etc.),  the  settlement  of  the  fees  will 
take  place  immediately  after  the  transaction  or  on  a  monthly  basis. 
The  fee is typically determined in % of the  transaction  with a  fixed 
minimum amount. 
For all other cases where the Group provides a continuous service to 
the  customers  (e.g.  card  closing  fee),  the  fees  are  charged  monthly. 
The fee is calculated in a fix amount. 
The rates are reviewed by the Group regularly. 
The Group provides its clients security account management services. 
Fees  will  be  charged  for  account  management  and  transactions  on 
accounts. 
Account  management  fees  are  typically  charged  quarterly  or 
annually.  The  amount  is  determined  in  %,  based  on  the  stocks  of 
securities managed by the clients on the account in a given period. 
Fees  for 
the  securities  account  are  charged 
immediately  after  the  transaction.  They  are  determined  in  %,  based 
on the transaction amount. 
Fees  for  complex  services  provided  to  clients  (e.g.  portfolio 
management  or  custody)  are  typically  charged  monthly  or  annually. 
The  fees  are  fixed  monthly  amounts  and  in  some  cases  a  bonus  fee 
are charged. 
Fees  from  fund  management  services  provided  to  investment  funds 
and  from  portfolio  management  provided  to  insurance  companies, 
funds. The fee income are calculated on the basis of net asset value of 
the  portfolio  and  by  the  fee  rates  determined  in  the  contracts  about 
portfolio management. 

transactions  on 

Due  to  the  fact  that  the  Group  rarely  provides  insurance  services  to 
its  clients,  only  acts  as  an  agent,  the  fee  income  charged  to  the 
customers  and  fees  payable  to  the  insurance  company  are  presented 
net in the fee income. 
In addition, agency fee charged for the sale of insurance contracts is 
also recorded in this line. The fee is charged on a monthly basis and 
determined in %. 

Fees for ongoing services 
are charged on a monthly 
basis  during  the  period 
when they are provided. 

Transaction-based fees 
are charged when the 
transaction takes place or 
charged monthly at the 
end of the month. 

Fees for ongoing services 
are  charged  quarterly  or 
the 
annually 
period  when 
they  are 
provided.  The  fees  are 
accrued monthly. 

during 

Transaction-based 
are  charged  when 
transaction takes place. 

fees 
the 

Fees for ongoing services 
are charged usually on 
monthly (mutual funds) 
or semi-annually (venture 
capital funds) during the 
period when they are 
provided but accrued 
monthly. 
Fees for ongoing services 
are charged on a monthly 
basis  during  the  period 
when they are provided. 

Fees that are not significant in the Group total income are included in 
Other fees category. Such  fees are safe  lease, special procedure fee, 
account rent fee, fee of a copy of document, etc. 
Other fees may include charges for continuous services or for ad hoc 
administration  services.  Continuous  fees  are  charged  monthly  (e.g., 
safe  lease  fees)  at  the  beginning  of  the  period,  typically  at  a  fixed 
rate.  Fees  for  ad  hoc  services  are  charged  immediately  after  the 
service obligation were met, usually in a fixed amount. 

Fees for ongoing services 
are charged on a monthly 
basis  during  the  period 
when they are provided. 

Fees  for  ad  hoc  services 
the 
are  charged  when 
transaction takes place. 

85 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 32: 

NET PROFIT FROM FEES AND COMMISSIONS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Expense from fees and commissions 

2021 

2020 

Fees and commissions related to issued bank cards 
Interchange fees 
Fees and commissions paid on loans 
Fees and commissions related to deposits 
Cash withdrawal transaction fees 
Fees and commissions related to security trading 
Insurance fees 
Fees and commissions related to collection of loans 
Postal fees 
Money market transaction fees and commissions 
Other 
Total 

42,662 
22,831 
9,502 
7,467 
4,063 
3,730 
1,413 
830 
590 
281 
18,570 
111,939 

32,487 
18,958 
6,974 
7,000 
3,696 
3,776 
1,036 
1,447 
714 
113 
12,695 
88,896 

Net profit from fees and commissions 

442,174 

397,633 

NOTE 33: 

GAIN AND LOSSES BY TRANSACTIONS (in HUF mn) 

Gains and losses by transactions 

Gain by transactions 
Loss by transactions 

Gain from sale of loans, placements, finance lease 

Gain by transactions 
Loss by transactions 

Gain from derecognition of securities at amortized cost 
Gain from derecognition of financial assets 

at amortized cost, net 

2021 

2020 
Reclassified 

5,662 
(4,808) 
854 
3,552 
(2,521) 
1,031 

1,885 

6,479 
(4,501) 
1,978 
1,402 
- 
1,402 

3,380 

Foreign  exchange  result  consists  revaluation  difference  from  converting  assets  and  liabilities  in  foreign 
currencies into the presentation currency of the consolidation financial statements. 

Gains and losses by transactions 

2021 

2020 
Reclassified 

Gain by transactions 
Loss by transactions 

Fx gain on securities at fair value through profit or loss 

Gain by transactions 
Loss by transactions 

Fx gain on derecognition of investment  

in subsidiaries, associates 
Gain by transactions 
Loss by transactions 

Fx (loss) / gain on securities at fair value  
through other comprehensive income 
Gain by transactions 
Loss by transactions 

Fx gain on other securities 
Gains on securities, net 

9,553 
(4,537) 
5,016 
2,405 
(1,889) 

516 
10,505 
(13,092) 

(2,587) 
2,847 
(232) 
2,615 
5,560 

4,855 
(2,110) 
2,745 
- 
- 

- 
8,831 
(6,506) 

2,325 
10,486 
(8,091) 
2,395 
7,465 

86 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 33: 

GAINS AND LOSSES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Gains and losses by transactions 

2021 

2020 
Reclassified 

Gain by transactions 
Loss by transactions 

Gain on non-trading securities mandatorily 

 at fair value through profit or loss 
Gain by transactions 
Loss by transactions 

Loss on loans mandatorily at fair value through profit  

or loss (adjustment resulting from  
change in market factors) 
Gain by transactions 
Loss by transactions 

Gain/ (Loss) on financial assets and liabilities  

designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Fair value adjustment on financial instruments measured 

at fair value through profit or loss 

Gains and losses by transactions 

Gain by transactions 
Loss by transactions 
Gain from fx swap, swap and option deals 
Gain by transactions 
Loss by transactions 
(Loss) / Gain from option deals 
Gain by transactions 
Loss by transactions 
Loss from commodities deals 
Gain by transactions 
Loss by transactions 
(Loss) / Gain from futures deals 
Gain on derivative instruments, net 

5,835 
(1,023) 

4,812 
36,591 
(44,346) 

(7,755) 
2,868 
(457) 

2,411 

(532) 

2021 

74,582 
(64,034) 
10,548 
2,684 
(3,005) 
(321) 
94,639 
(95,794) 
(1,155) 
745 
(3,019) 
(2,274) 
6,798 

14,781 
(7,542) 

7,239 
999 
(2,125) 

(1,126) 
- 
(1,270) 

(1,270) 

4,843 

2020 
Reclassified 

63,574 
(52,890) 
10,684 
619 
(50) 
569 
5,237 
(5,264) 
(27) 
155 
(41) 
114 
11,340 

NOTE 34: 

OTHER OPERATING INCOME AND EXPENSES AND OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE 
EXPENSES (in HUF mn)  

Other operating income 

Income from agricultural activity 
Income from tourism activity 
Gains on transactions related to property activities 
Rental income 
Income from computer programming 
Fair value adjustment of biological assets and agricultural produce 
Income from real estate management 
Gains on transactions related to insurance activity 
Non-repayable assets received 
Negative goodwill due to acquisition 
Other income from non-financial activities 
Total 

2021 

42,526 
8,588 
6,424 
2,132 
1,113 
(2,551) 
- 
657 
165 
31 
22,243 
81,328 

2020 

- 
- 
3,631 
1,835 
1,529 
- 
1,092 
721 
65 
7,504 
17,084 
33,461 

87 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 34: 

OTHER  OPERATING  INCOME  AND  EXPENSES  AND  OTHER  ADMINISTRATIVE 
EXPENSES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Other operating expenses  

Expense related to agricultural activity 
Provision for off-balance sheet commitments  

and contingent liabilities 

Financial support for sport association and 

organization of public utility 
Expenses related to tourism activity 
Loss allowance and loan losses on  

other financial assets 

Expenses from losses due to foreign currency  

loan conversion at foreign subsidiaries 

 Impairment / (Release of impairment) on investments1 
Non-repayable assets contributed 
Impairment on tangible and intangible assets 
(Release of impairment) / Impairment, loan losses on  

other non-financial assets and assets measured under IAS 2 

Release of provision due to foreign currency 
 loan conversion at foreign subsidiaries 

Other 

Other expenses from non-financial activities 
Other costs 

Total 

Other administrative expenses 

Personnel expenses 
Wages 
Taxes related to personnel expenses 
Other personnel expenses 
Subtotal 

2021 

30,392 

11,395 

11,111 
7,928 

2,624 

949 

6,640 
881 
2,967 

(638) 

(638) 
12,121 
5,613 
6,508 
85,732 

2021 

2020 

- 

6,336 

12,080 

6,036 

224 

(381) 
688 
51 

1,537 

(206) 
13,082 
5,576 
7,506 
39,447 

2020 

271,497 
44,049 
25,138 
340,684 

242,970 
42,576 
23,096 
308,642 

Depreciation, amortization of tangible, intangible assets,  

right-of-use assets and goodwill impairment2 

94,996 

92,761 

Other general expenses 
Taxes, other than income tax3 
Services 
Professional fees 
Fees payable to authorities and other fees 
Advertising 
Administration expenses 
Rental fees 

Subtotal 

Total 

93,678 
113,400 
21,775 
44,113 
19,457 
14,662 
4,847 

84,317 
105,384 
17,583 
44,542 
17,913 
15,100 
4,883 

311,932 

289,722 

747,612 

691,125 

1 See details in Note 12. 
2 See details in Note 13 and Note 36. 
3 Special tax of financial institutions was paid by the Group in the amount of HUF 19,652 million for the year 2021 and HUF 17,665 million 
for the year 2020, recognized as an expense thus decreased the corporate tax base. For the year ended 31 December 2021 financial 
transaction duty was paid by the Bank in the amount of HUF 68 billion while for the year ended 31 December 2020 the same dutiy was HUF 
60 billion. 

88 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 34: 

OTHER  OPERATING  INCOME  AND  EXPENSES  AND  OTHER  ADMINISTRATIVE 
EXPENSES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

The table below contains the detailing of the fees for audit and non-audit services:  

Ernst & Young Audit  Ltd. 

OTP – annual audit – separate financial statements 
OTP – annual audit – consolidated financial statements 
Other audit services based on statutory provisions to  

OTP Group members 

Other services providing assurance 
Other non-audit services 

Total 

Ernst & Young Network 

Audit based on statutory provisions 
Other services providing assurance 
Tax consulting services 
Other non-audit services  

Total 

2021 
In thousand EUR 

458 
659 

1,050 
1,575 
316 

4,058 

2021 
In thousand EUR 

1,788 
- 
29 
209 

2,026 

NOTE 35: 

INCOME TAXES (in HUF mn) 

The Group is presently liable for income tax at rates between 9% and 35% of taxable income. 

Deferred tax is calculated at the income tax rate of 9% in Hungary and Montenegro, 10% in Bulgaria, 12% in 
Moldova, 12.5% in Cyprus, 15% in Serbia and Albania, 16% in Romania, 18% in Ukraine and Croatia, 19% in 
Slovenia, 20% in Russia, 25.5% in the Netherlands and 35% in Malta. 

The breakdown of the income tax expense is:  

Current tax expense 
Deferred tax expense 
Total 

A reconciliation of the net deferred tax asset/liability is as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Deferred tax expense in profit or loss 
Deferred tax receivable related to items  

recognized directly in equity and in Comprehensive Income 

Due to merge of subsidiary 
Due to acquisition of subsidiary 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

2021 

65,692 
6,431 
72,123 

2021 

(3,673) 
(6,431) 

1,294 
-  
(737) 
611 
(8,936) 

2020 
Reclassified 

42,085 
1,833 
43,918 

2020 

(2,652) 
(1,833) 

3,555 
(919) 
- 
(1,824) 
(3,673) 

89 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 35: 

INCOME TAXES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

A breakdown of the deferred tax assets are as follows: 

Loss allowance on granted loans 
Provision for off-balance sheet commitments and  

contingent liabilities, derivative financial instruments 

Securities at amortized cost 
Difference in depreciation of tangible assets 
Fair value adjustment of non-trading instruments  
mandatorily at fair value though profit or loss 

Fair value adjustment of derivative financial instruments 
Provision on other financial, non-financial liabilities 
Difference in accounting for leases 
Fair value adjustment of securities at fair value 

through other comprehensive income 

Unused tax allowance 
Loss allowance / impairment on other  

financial, non-financial assets 

Tax accrual caused by negative taxable income 
Loss allowance on investment (goodwill) 
Fair value adjustment of securities at fair value  

through profit or loss   

Amounts unenforceable by tax law 
Other 
Deferred tax asset 

A breakdown of the deferred tax liabilities are as follows:  

Difference in depreciation of tangible assets 
Fair value adjustment of securities at fair value 

through other comprehensive income 

Fair value adjustment of securities at fair value  

through profit or loss   

Loss allowance on investment (goodwill) 
Fair value adjustment of non-trading instruments  
mandatorily at fair value though profit or loss 

Securities at amortized cost 
Provision for off-balance sheet commitments  

and contingent liabilities, derivative financial instruments 

Loss allowance on granted loans 
Interbank placements and receivables 
Fair value adjustment of derivative financial instruments  
Amounts unenforceable by tax law 
Loss allowance / impairment on other  

financial, non-financial assets 

Repurchase agreement and security lending 
Provision on other financial, non-financial liabilities 
Other 
Deferred tax liabilities 

2021 

8,244 

7,688 
9 
3,636 

256 
992 
1,073 
999 

202 
- 

2,427 
152 
77 

95 
 - 
4,198 
30,048 

2021 

(10,245) 

(6,569) 

(2,781) 
(1,142) 

- 
(210) 

(559) 
(944) 
(491) 
(214) 
- 

(2,261) 
- 
(1,875) 
(11,693) 
(38,984) 

2020 

9,048 

6,469 
4,394 
3,323 

2,053 
1,302 
1,091 
801 

- 
1,552 

1,824 
237 
71 

9 
247 
5,238 
37,659 

2020 

(8,115) 

(2,779) 

(9,053) 
(769) 

(233) 
- 

(630) 
(450) 
(322) 
(317) 
(102) 

(82) 
(1) 
(1) 
(18,478) 
(41,332) 

90 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 35: 

INCOME TAXES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

A breakdown of the deferred tax liabilities are as follows [continued] 

Net deferred tax liability 
(amounts presented in the consolidated statement  

of financial position) 

Deferred tax assets 
Deferred tax liabilities 

2021 

2020 

(8,936) 

(3,673) 

15,109 
(24,045) 

22,317 
(25,990) 

Among deferred tax assets the tax accruals are included the following accruals by entities:   

Tax accrual caused by negative 

taxable income 
Merkantil Bank Ltd. 
OTP Real Estate Leasing Ltd.  
Nagisz Ltd. 

2021 

40 
55 
57 
152 

2020 

181 
56 
- 
237 

A reconciliation of the income tax income / expense is as follows: 

Profit before income tax 
Income tax expense at statutory tax rates 

Income tax adjustments due to permanent  
differences are as follows: 
Deferred use of tax allowance 
Tax effect of transaction costs related to share-based payment 

recognized directly in shareholders' equity 

Correction on tax basis due to change of accounting policy 
Permanent differences from unused tax losses 
Amounts unenforceable by tax law 
Use of tax allowance in the current year 
Other 
Income tax expense 

Effective tax rate 

Business tax and innovation contribution 
Total income tax expense 

Net current tax (liability) / asset 
(amounts presented in the consolidated statement  

of financial position) 
Current income tax receivables 
Current income tax payable 

Date until  
it can be used 

31/12/2030 
31/12/2030 
31/12/2030 

2020 
Reclassified 

297,964 
36,847 

(1,039) 

305 
230 
(167) 
(38) 
(2,023) 
(6,739) 
27,376 

9.19% 

16,542 
43,918 

2020 

9,643 

2021 

528,435 
68,823 

(8) 

323 
-  
(103) 
(846) 
(4,036) 
(11,250) 
52,903 

10.01% 

19,220 
72,123 

2021 

(6,603) 

29,978 
(36,581) 

39,171 
(29,528) 

91 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

LEASES (in HUF mn) 

The Group as a lessee: 

Right-of-use assets by class of underlying assets as at 31 December 2021: 

2021 

Property 

Office equipment 
and vehicles 

Total 

Depreciation expense of right-of-use assets 
Additions to right-of-use assets 
Carrying amount of right-of-use assets  
at the end of the reporting period 

15,710 
13,915 

50,265 

355 
245 

461 

16,065 
14,160 

50,726 

Right-of-use assets by class of underlying assets as at 31 December 2020: 

2020 

Property 

Office equipment 
and vehicles 

Total 

Depreciation expense of right-of-use assets 
Additions to right-of-use assets 
Carrying amount of right-of-use assets  
at the end of the reporting period 

15,933 
17,999 

45,642 

514 
250 

641 

16,447 
18,249 

46,283 

The total cash outflow for leases was HUF 19,663 million as at 31 December 2021 and HUF 23,028 million as at 
31 December 2020. 

The Group mainly leases real estate, a significant part of its right-of-use assets are related to branch offices, a 
smaller part to office buildings and office space. 

Leasing liabilities by maturities: 

Within one year 
Over one year 
Total 

Lease liabilities by payments: 

Arising from fixed lease payments 
Arising from variable lease payments 
Total 

2021 

11,761 
41,525 
53,286 

2021 

36,047 
17,239 
53,286 

2020 

10,937 
37,514 
48,451 

2020 

35,018 
13,433 
48,451 

On 31 December 2021 and 2020 HUF 123 million and HUF 126 million is the lease payment respectively to be 
paid in the future due to leases not yet commenced to which the Group is committed. The future lease payment 
not taken into account would be HUF 4,041 million arising from extension options if they had been taken into 
account. 
The  most  typical  indexes/rates  on  which  the  variable  lease  payments  depend  are:  Consumer  Price  Index, 
Inflation Rate, BUBOR, EURIBOR. 

92 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

LEASES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

The Group as a lessee: 

Amounts recognised in profit and loss 

Interest expense on lease liabilities 
Expense relating to short-term leases 
Expense relating to leases of low value assets 
Expense relating to variable lease payments not included  

in the measurement of lease liabilities 
Income from subleasing right-of-use assets 
Gains or losses arising from sale and leaseback transactions 

The Group as a lessor: 

2021 

1,556 
3,885 
694 

- 
11 
- 

2020 

1,623 
3,857 
721 

2 
405 
- 

The  Group’s  leasing  activities  are  most  significant  in  Hungary,  Bulgaria,  Slovenia,  Ukraine  and  Croatia.  The 
main activity of the leasing companies is finance leasing. About half of the underlying assets are passenger cars, 
besides  this  the  Group  leases  mainly  agricultural  machinery,  commercial  vehicles,  vessels  and  construction 
machinery. 

The  Group  manages  the  risk  associated  with  the  rights  held  in  the  underlying  assets  by,  inter  alia,  buy-back 
agreements, determining the residual values on level lower than future market values and registering pledge on 
the underlying asset. 

The Group as a lessor, finance lease: 

Amounts receivable under finance leases 

2021 

2020 

In less than 1 year 
Between 1 and 2 years 
Between 2 and 3 years 
Between 3 and 4 years 
Between 4 and 5 years 
More than 5 years 
Total receivables from undiscounted lease payments 
Unguaranteed residual values 
Gross investment in the lease 
Less: unearned finance income 
Present value of minimum lease payments receivable 
Loss allowance 
Net investment in the lease 

469,646 
332,360 
241,217 
159,306 
90,548 
60,000 
1,353,077 
692 
1,353,769 
(141,138) 
1,212,631 
(30,003) 
1,182,628 

410,639 
298,354 
211,257 
127,052 
71,428 
44,473 
1,163,203 
796 
1,163,999 
(88,257) 
1,075,742 
(24,602) 
1,051,140 

An analysis of the change in the gross values on finance receivables is as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Additions due to new contracts 
Additions due to interest income and amortized fees 
Decrease due to write-off 
Decrease due to repossession of the asset 
Decrease due to sale 
Decrease due to early repayment 
Decrease due to regular lease payment 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

2021 

2020 

1,075,742 
656,055 
64,168 
(543) 
(3,174) 
(3,864) 
(59,246) 
(530,157) 
13,650 
1,212,631 

982,853 
372,664 
54,110 
(349) 
(4,422) 
(3,924) 
(52,703) 
(328,357) 
55,870 
1,075,742 

93 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 36: 

LEASES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

The Group as a lessor [continued]: 

The Group as a lessor, finance lease [continued]: 

An analysis of the change in the loss allowance on finance receivables is as follows: 

2021 

2020 

Balance as at 1 January 
Loss allowance for the period 
Release of loss allowance 
Use of loss allowance 
Partial write-off 
Decrease due to sale 
Foreign currency translation difference 
Closing balance 

Result from finance leases 

Selling profit or loss 
Finance income on the net investment in the lease 
Income relating to variable lease payments not included  
in the measurement of the net investment in the lease 

The Group as a lessor, operating lease: 

Amounts receivable under operating leases 

In less than 1 year 
Between 1 and 2 years 
Between 2 and 3 years 
Between 3 and 4 years 
Between 4 and 5 years 
More than 5 years 
Total receivables from undiscounted lease payments 

Result from operating leases 

Lease income 
Therein lease income relating to variable lease  

payments that do not depend on an index or a rate 

24,602 
20,694 
(14,918) 
(257) 
- 
(513) 
395 
30,003 

2021 

325 
59,084 

- 

2021 

10,383 
5,172 
3,527 
2,704 
2,019 
904 
24,709 

2021 

10,791 

- 

13,590 
23,807 
(13,240) 
(21) 
(50) 
- 
516 
24,602 

2020 

249 
54,046 

- 

2020 

11,285 
8,634 
4,856 
2,692 
1,653 
20 
29,140 

2020 

9,861 

- 

94 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn)  

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or 
equity instrument of another entity. 
Financial  instruments  may  result  in  certain  risks  to  the  Group.  The  most  significant  risks  the  Group  faces 
include: 

37.1.  Credit risk 

The Group takes on exposure to credit risk which is the risk that a counter-party will be unable to pay amounts in 
full when due. The Group structures the levels of credit risk it undertakes by placing limits on the amount of risk 
accepted in relation to one borrower, or banks of borrowers, and to geographical areas and loan types. Such risks 
are monitored on a periodical basis and are subject to an annual or more frequent review. The exposure to any 
borrower  including  banks  and  brokers  is  further  restricted  by  sub-limits  covering  on  and  off-balance  sheet 
exposures and daily delivery risk limits in relation to trading items such as forward foreign exchange contracts. 
Actual exposures against limits are monitored daily.  

Exposure to credit risk is managed through regular analysis of the ability of borrowers and potential borrowers to 
meet  interest  and  principal  repayment  obligations  and  by  changing  these  lending  limits  when  appropriate. 
Exposure to credit risk is managed by obtaining collateral, corporate and personal guarantees. 

Defining the expected credit loss on individual and collective basis 

On individual basis: 

Individually assessed are the non-retail or non- micro- and small enterprise exposure of significant amount on a 
stand-alone basis: 

  exposure in stage 3, 
  exposure in workout management 
  purchased or originated credit-impaired instruments which are in accordance with the conditions 

mentioned above 

The  calculation  of  impairment  must  be  prepared  and  approved  by  the  risk  management  functional  areas.  The 
calculation,  all  relevant  factors  (amortized  cost,  original  and  current  EIR,  contracted  and  expected  cash  flows 
(from  business  and/or  collateral)  for  the  individual  periods  of  the  entire  lifecycle,  other  essential  information 
enforced during the valuation) and the criteria thereof (including the factors underlying the classification as stage 
3) must be documented individually. 

The  expected  credit  loss  of  the  exposure  equals  the  difference  of  the  items’  AC  (gross  book  value)  on  the 
valuation date and the present value of the receivable's expected cash flows discounted to the valuation date by 
the exposure's original effective interest rate (EIR) (calculated at the initial recognition, or in the case of variable 
rate, recalculated due to the last interest rate change). The estimation of the expected future cash flows should be 
forward looking, it must also contain the effects of the possible change of macroeconomic outlook. 
At  least  two  scenarios  must  be  used  for  the  estimation  of  the  expected  cash  flow.  It  should  be  at  least  one 
scenario  in  which  the  entity  anticipates  that  realized  cash  flows  will  be  significantly  different  from  the 
contractual cash  flows. Probability  weights  must be  allocated to the individual  scenarios. The estimation  must 
reflect the probability of the occurrence and non-occurrence of the credit loss, even if the most probable result is 
the non-occurrence of the loss. 

95 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

Defining the expected credit loss on individual and collective basis [continued] 

On collective basis:  

The following exposures are subject to collective assessment: 
retail exposure irrespective of the amount, 

 
  micro and small enterprise exposures irrespective of the amount, 
  all other exposure which are insignificant on a stand-alone basis and  not part of the workout 

management, 

  exposure which are not in stage 3, significant on a stand-alone basis, 
  purchased or originated credit-impaired instruments which are in accordance with the conditions 

mentioned above. 

In the collective impairment methodology credit risk and the change of credit risk can be correctly captured by 
understanding  the  risk  characteristics  of  the  portfolio.  In  order  to  achieve  this  the  main  risk  drivers  shall  be 
identified  and  used  to  form  homogeneous  segments  having  similar  risk  characteristics.  The  segmentation  is 
expected to stay stable  from  month to  month,  however a regular (at  least  yearly) revision of the  segmentation 
process  should  be  set  up  to  capture  the  change  of  risk  characteristics.  The  segmentation  must  be  performed 
separately for each parameter, since in each case different factors may have relevance. 

The Bank's Headquarter Group Reserve Committee stipulates the guidelines related to the collective impairment 
methodology  at  group  level.  In  addition,  it  has  right  of  agreement  in  respect  of  the  risk  parameters  (PD  -
probability of default, LGD - loss given default, EAD – exposure at default) and segmentation criteria proposed 
by the group members.  

The  review  of  the  parameters  must  be  performed  at  least  annually  and  the  results  should  be  approved  by  the 
Group  Reserve  Committee.  Local  Risk  Managements  are  responsible  for  parameter  estimations  /  updates, 
macroeconomic  scenarios  are  calculated  by  OTP  Bank  Headquarter  for  each  subsidiary  and  each  parameter. 
Based  on  the  consensus  proposal  of  Local  Risk  Management  and  OTP  Bank  Headquarter,  the  Group  Reserve 
Committee decides on the modification of parameters (all parameters for impairment calculation). 

At least on a yearly basis the impairment parameters should be back tested as well.  

The expected loss calculation should be forward looking, including forecasts of future economic conditions. This 
may be achieved by applying 3-5 different macroeconomic scenarios, which may be integrated in the PD, LGD 
and EAD parameters. 

96 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

37.1.1. Financial instruments by stages 

Gross carrying amount and accumulated loss allowance of financial assets at amortized cost and of interest bearing securities at fair value through other comprehensive 
income and financial commitments and provision on them by stages as at 31 December 2021:   

2021 

Carrying 
amount / 
Exposure 

Gross carrying amount / Notinal value 

Accumulated loss allowance / Provision 

Stage 1 

Stage 2 

Stage 3 

POCI 

Total 

Stage 1 

Stage 2 

Stage 3 

POCI 

Total 

Placements with other banks 
Repo receivables 
Mortgage loans 
Loans to medium  

and large corporates 

Consumer loans 
Loans to micro  

and small enterprises 

Car-finance loans 
Municipal loans 

Loans at amortized cost 
Finance lease receivable 
Interest bearing securities at 
fair value through other 
comprehensive income 1 
Securities at amortized cost 

Financial assets total 
Loan commitments given 
Financial guarantees given 
Other commitments given 

Financial liabilities total 

1,584,861 
61,052 
3,822,426 

1,587,827 
61,342 
3,173,491 

5,294,170 
2,963,112 

4,680,180 
2,585,014 

- 
- 
559,939 

657,586 
422,975 

500,991 
446,341 
466,143 
13,493,183 
1,182,628 

412,247 
370,790 
444,944 
11,666,666 
959,361 

76,131 
79,965 
23,890 
1,820,486 
210,955 

2,189,534 
3,891,335 
22,402,593 
3,776,768 
913,038 
1,174,462 
5,864,268 

2,187,835 
3,879,749 

20,342,780 
3,665,153 
887,585 
1,127,354 

1,699 
20,699 

2,053,839 
128,603 
35,648 
44,064 

5,680,092 

208,315 

28 
- 
178,066 

158,773 
356,485 

54,458 
9,675 
816 
758,273 
41,944 

- 
- 

800,245 
14,805 
4,568 
8,260 

27,633 

- 
- 
57,988 

1,587,855 
61,342 
3,969,484 

24,117 
12,856 

5,520,656 
3,377,330 

2,339 
2,452 
- 
99,752 
371 

545,175 
462,882 
469,650 
14,345,177 
1,212,631 

- 
- 

100,123 
211 
7 
- 

218 

2,189,534 
3,900,448 
23,296,987 
3,808,772 
927,808 
1,179,678 
5,916,258 

2,966 
290 
10,450 

51,724 
49,104 

4,751 
2,988 
1,372 
120,389 
4,432 

6,566 
7,789 

142,432 
20,539 
11,814 
3,170 

35,523 

- 
- 
25,590 

69,724 
84,158 

9,707 
4,978 
1,475 
195,632 
11,140 

144 
1,324 

208,240 
7,482 
1,408 
1,140 

10,030 

28 
- 
84,937 

98,017 
274,098 

28,351 
6,508 
660 
492,571 
14,243 

- 
- 

506,842 
3,961 
1,542 
906 

6,409 

- 
- 
26,081 

7,021 
6,858 

1,375 
2,067 
- 
43,402 
188 

- 
- 

43,590 
22 
6 
- 

28 

2,994 
290 
147,058 

226,486 
414,218 

44,184 
16,541 
3,507 
851,994 
30,003 

6,710 
9,113 
901,104 
32,004 
14,770 
5,216 
51,990 

1 Interest bearing securities at fair value through other comprehensive income are recognized in the Consolidated statement of financial position as at fair value (see in Note 9). Loss allowances for securities at fair value 
through other comprehensive income that are in Stage 1 and / or in Stage 2 is recognized in the Other comprehensive income. It is included in the accumulated  loss allowance of  this table showed above. 

97 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

37.1.1. Financial instruments by stages [continued] 

Gross carrying amount and accumulated loss allowance of financial assets at amortized cost and of interest bearing securities at fair value through other comprehensive 
income and financial commitments and provision on them by stages as at 31 December 2020:   

2020 

Carrying 
amount / 
Exposure 

Gross carrying amount / Notinal value 

Accumulated loss allowance / Provision 

Stage 1 

Stage 2 

Stage 3 

POCI 

Total 

Stage 1 

Stage 2 

Stage 3 

POCI 

Total 

Placements with other banks 
Repo receivables 
Mortgage loans 
Loans to medium  

and large corporates 

Consumer loans 
Loans to micro  

and small enterprises 

Car-finance loans 
Municipal loans 

Loans at amortized cost 
Finance lease receivable 
Interest bearing securities at 
fair value through other 
comprehensive income 1 
Securities at amortized cost 

Financial assets total 
Loan commitments given 
Financial guarantees given 
Other commitments given 

Financial liabilities total 

1,148,743 
190,849 
3,311,651 

1,150,113 
191,141 
2,729,387 

4,342,003 
2,689,621 

3,758,377 
2,317,004 

1 
- 
522,312 

604,480 
397,170 

521,578 
362,425 
447,564 
11,674,842 
1,051,140 

391,810 
292,973 
445,039 
9,934,590 
857,452 

141,197 
71,576 
5,501 
1,742,236 
183,719 

2,101,384 
2,624,920 
18,791,878 
3,151,051 
796,961 
954,544 
4,902,556 

2,099,713 
2,629,778 

16,862,787 
3,034,782 
777,513 
931,515 

1,671 
- 

1,927,627 
141,527 
28,646 
28,214 

4,743,810 

198,387 

118 
- 
174,137 

167,402 
318,448 

34,721 
8,370 
616 
703,694 
33,606 

- 
799 

738,217 
5,827 
5,065 
4,277 

15,169 

- 
- 
70,809 

1,150,232 
191,141 
3,496,645 

31,744 
13,988 

4,562,003 
3,046,610 

4,105 
3,219 
- 
123,865 
965 

571,833 
376,138 
451,156 
12,504,385 
1,075,742 

- 
- 

124,830 
- 
- 
- 

- 

2,101,384 
2,630,577 
19,653,461 
3,182,136 
811,224 
964,006 
4,957,366 

1,377 
292 
10,486 

43,544 
42,050 

5,671 
1,732 
2,668 
106,151 
4,141 

6,856 
4,858 

123,675 
19,914 
10,044 
7,339 

37,297 

1 
- 
29,970 

67,479 
75,111 

17,982 
3,746 
653 
194,941 
8,103 

128 
- 

203,173 
8,632 
1,450 
973 

11,055 

111 
- 
101,972 

98,800 
232,138 

24,654 
5,735 
271 
463,570 
12,188 

- 
799 

476,668 
2,539 
2,769 
1,150 

6,458 

- 
- 
42,566 

10,177 
7,690 

1,948 
2,500 
- 
64,881 
170 

- 
- 

65,051 
- 
- 
- 

- 

1,489 
292 
184,994 

220,000 
356,989 

50,255 
13,713 
3,592 
829,543 
24,602 

6,984 
5,657 
868,567 
31,085 
14,263 
9,462 
54,810 

1  Interest bearing securities at fair value through other comprehensive income are recognized in the Consolidated statement of financial position as at fair value (see in Note 9). Loss allowances for securities at fair 
value through other comprehensive income that are in Stage 1 and / or in Stage 2 is recognized in the Other comprehensive income. It is included in the accumulated  loss allowance of  this table showed above. 

98 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

37.1.2. Movement table of loss allowance / provision on financial instruments 

Movement of loss allowance on financial assets at amortized cost and on interest bearing securities at fair value through other comprehensive income and of provision of 
financial commitments as at 31 December 2021:  

2021 

Opening 
balance 

Modi-
fication 

Increases 
due to 
origination 
and 
acquisition 

Decreases due 
to 
derecognition 

Transfers 
between 
stages (net) 

Changes due to 
change in credit 
risk (net) 

Changes due to 
modifications 
without 
derecognition 
(net) 

Decrease in loss 
allowance 
account due to 
write-offs 

Other 
adjustments 

Closing 
balance 

Stage 1 
Placements with other banks 
Repo receivables 
Loans at amortized cost 
Finance lease receivables 
Interest bearing securities at fair value through 
other comprehensive income and securities 
at amortized cost 

Stage 2 
Placements with other banks 
Repo receivables 
Loans at amortized cost 
Finance lease receivables 
Interest bearing securities at fair value through 
other comprehensive income and securities 
at amortized cost 

Stage 3 
Placements with other banks 
Repo receivables 
Loans at amortized cost 
Finance lease receivables 
Interest bearing securities at fair value through 
other comprehensive income and securities 
at amortized cost 

Loss allowance on financial assets subtotal 

123,675 
1,377 
292 
106,151 
4,141 

11,714 

203,173 
1 
- 
194,941 
8,103 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
(1,281) 
- 

128 

1,281 

476,668 
111 
- 
463,570 
12,188 

799 

803,516 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

141,894 
24,635 
667 
109,970 
2,643 

3,979 

29,705 
-  
-  
26,947 
2,696 

62 

19,133 
-  
-  
17,649 
1,484 

(37,619) 
(4,383) 
- 
(29,761) 
(255) 

(3,220) 

(21,813) 
-  
- 
(21,200) 
(613) 

-  

(44,871) 
-  
- 
(43,539) 
(1,332) 

(103,930) 
-  
-  
(91,303) 
(12,106) 

(521) 

9,826 
-  
-  
3,766 
5,539 

521 

94,104 
- 
- 
87,537 
6,567 

- 

- 

190,732 

(104,303) 

- 

- 

25,663 
(18,854) 
(669) 
33,215 
10,426 

1,545 

(27,800) 
- 
-  
(23,004) 
(4,229) 

(567) 

21,425 
46 
-  
25,360 
(3,981) 

- 

19,288 

(4,885) 
-  
-  
(4,442) 
(443) 

- 

8,202 
-  
-  
8,550 
(348) 

-  

8,856 
-  
-  
9,852 
(996) 

(102) 
-  
-  
(102) 
- 

-  

(498) 
(1) 
-  
(497) 

-  

(69,523) 
(240) 
-  
(67,453) 
(1,022) 

(2,264) 
191 
-  
(3,339) 
26 

858 

7,445 
-  
-  
7,410 
(8) 

43 

1,050 
111 
-  
(405) 
1,335 

142,432 
2,966 
290 
120,389 
4,432 

14,355 
208,240 
- 
- 
195,632 
11,140 

1,468 
506,842 
28 
- 
492,571 
14,243 

- 

12,173 

(808) 

(70,123) 

9 

6,231 

- 
857,514 

99 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

37.1.2. Movement table of loss allowance / provision on financial instruments [continued] 

Movement of loss allowance on financial assets at amortized cost and on interest bearing securities at fair value through other comprehensive income and of provision of 
financial commitments as at 31 December 2021 [continued]:  

2021 

Opening 
balance 

Modi-
fication 

Increases 
due to 
origination 
and 
acquisition 

Decreases due 
to 
derecognition 

Transfers 
between 
stages (net) 

Changes due to 
change in credit 
risk (net) 

Changes due to 
modifications 
without 
derecognition 
(net) 

Decrease in loss 
allowance 
account due to 
write-offs 

Other 
adjustments 

Closing 
balance 

POCI 
Placements with other banks 
Repo receivables 
Loans at amortized cost 
Finance lease receivables 
Interest bearing securities at fair value through 
other comprehensive income and securities 
at amortized cost 

Loss allowance on financial assets total 

Loan commitments and financial guarantees  

given - stage 1 

Loan commitments and financial guarantees  

given - stage 2 

Loan commitments and financial guarantees  

given - stage 3 

Loan commitments and financial guarantees  

given - poci 

Provision on financial liabilities total 

65,051 
- 
- 
64,881 
170 

- 

868,567 

37,297 

11,055 

6,458 

- 

54,810 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

(2,929) 
(2,929) 
- 
- 
- 

- 

190,652 

(90,565) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

(17,138) 
6,004 
- 
(23,142) 
- 

(129) 
(129) 
- 
- 
- 

(4,370) 
(4,370) 
- 
- 
- 

3,105 
1,424 
- 
1,663 
18 

43,590 
- 
- 
43,402 
188 

- 

2,150 

- 

12,044 

- 

- 

(74,493) 

(7,251) 

- 
901,104 

23,514 

(5,522) 

1,446 

(20,069) 

(1,031) 

3,804 

(791) 

(2,173) 

(2,216) 

932 

(1,337) 

727 

31 

28,281 

(4) 

(7,654) 

- 

- 

196 

3 

(22,086) 

436 

(65) 

(1) 

(661) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(112) 

35,523 

(85) 

10,030 

(502) 

6,409 

(1) 

(700) 

28 
51,990 

100 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

37.1.2. Movement table of loss allowance / provision on financial instruments [continued] 

Movement of loss allowance on financial assets at amortized cost and on interest bearing securities at fair value through other comprehensive income and of provision of 
financial commitments as at 31 December 2020:  

2020 

Opening 
balance 

Increases 
due to 
origination 
and 
acquisition 

Decreases due 
to 
derecognition 

Transfers 
between 
stages (net) 

Changes due to 
change in credit 
risk (net) 

Changes due to 
modifications 
without 
derecognition 
(net) 

Decrease in loss 
allowance 
account due to 
write-offs 

Other 
adjustments 

Closing 
balance 

Stage 1 
Placements with other banks 
Repo receivables 
Loans at amortized cost 
Finance lease receivables 
Interest bearing securities at fair value through 
other comprehensive income and securities 
at amortized cost 

Stage 2 
Placements with other banks 
Repo receivables 
Loans at amortized cost 
Finance lease receivables 
Interest bearing securities at fair value through 
other comprehensive income and securities 
at amortized cost 

Stage 3 
Placements with other banks 
Repo receivables 
Loans at amortized cost 
Finance lease receivables 
Interest bearing securities at fair value through 
other comprehensive income and securities 
at amortized cost 

119,180 
451 
62 
109,921 
3,805 

4,941 

68,778 
5 
- 
66,390 
2,383 

- 

464,313 
22 
- 
456,246 
7,320 

141,735 
10,430 
306 
125,137 
1,884 

3,978 

57,383 
- 
- 
53,445 
3,938 

- 

119,894 
- 
- 
117,198 
2,696 

(42,569) 
(263) 
- 
(40,604) 
(739) 

(963) 

(15,678) 
- 
- 
(15,537) 
(141) 

- 

(99,345) 
- 
- 
(98,810) 
(535) 

(185,201) 
- 
- 
(183,599) 
(1,602) 

- 

83,013 
- 
- 
81,777 
1,236 

- 

99,117 
- 
- 
98,813 
304 

725 

- 

- 

- 

Loss allowance on financial assets subtotal 

652,271 

319,012 

(157,592) 

(3,071) 

84,111 
(12,805) 
(76) 
92,372 
1,034 

3,586 

3,297 
- 
- 
2,802 
367 

128 

(15,385) 
45 
- 
(15,913) 
483 

- 

72,023 

(4,294) 
- 
- 
(4,132) 
(162) 

- 

6,130 
- 
- 
6,208 
(78) 

- 

364 
- 
- 
373 
(9) 

(56) 
- 
- 
(55) 
(1) 

- 

(98) 
- 
- 
(98) 
- 

- 

(92,476) 
- 
- 
(92,226) 
(250) 

10,769 
3,564 
- 
7,111 
(78) 

172 

348 
(4) 
- 
(46) 
398 

- 

186 
44 
- 
(2,111) 
2,179 

123,675 
1,377 
292 
106,151 
4,141 

11,714 
203,173 
1 
- 
194,941 
8,103 

128 
476,668 
111 
- 
463,570 
12,188 

- 

2,200 

- 

(92,630) 

74 

11,303 

799 
803,516 

101 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

37.1.2. Movement table of loss allowance / provision on financial instruments [continued] 

Movement of loss allowance on financial assets at amortized cost and on interest bearing securities at fair value through other comprehensive income and of provision of 
financial commitments as at 31 December 2020 [continued]:  

2020 

Opening 
balance 

Increases 
due to 
origination 
and 
acquisition 

Decreases due 
to 
derecognition 

Transfers 
between 
stages (net) 

Changes due to 
change in credit 
risk (net) 

Changes due to 
modifications 
without 
derecognition 
(net) 

Decrease in loss 
allowance 
account due to 
write-offs 

Other 
adjustments 

Closing 
balance 

POCI 
Placements with other banks 
Repo receivables 
Loans at amortized cost 
Finance lease receivables 
Interest bearing securities at fair value through 
other comprehensive income and securities 
at amortized cost 

51,844 
- 
- 
51,762 
82 

16,933 
- 
- 
16,933 
- 

(11,752) 
- 
- 
(11,752) 
- 

3,071 
- 
- 
3,009 
62 

1,527 
- 
- 
1,501 
26 

489 
- 
- 
489 
- 

(735) 
- 
- 
(735) 
- 

3,674 
- 
- 
3,674 
- 

65,051 
- 
- 
64,881 
170 

Loss allowance on financial assets total 

704,115 

335,945 

(169,344) 

Loan commitments and financial guarantees  

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

73,550 

- 

2,689 

- 

(93,365) 

- 

14,977 

- 
868,567 

given - stage 1 

36,497 

20,712 

(2,118) 

(900) 

(15,344) 

(453) 

(1,785) 

688 

37,297 

Loan commitments and financial guarantees  

given - stage 2 

2,728 

3,984 

(458) 

Loan commitments and financial guarantees  

given - stage 3 

Provision on financial liabilities total 

7,508 

46,733 

1,071 

25,767 

(570) 

(3,146) 

351 

549 

- 

4,474 

(3,545) 

(14,415) 

237 

257 

41 

- 

- 

(1,785) 

(261) 

11,055 

1,188 

1,615 

6,458 
54,810 

102 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.    Credit risk [continued] 

37.1.3.  Loan portfolio by internal ratings 

2021 

Internal rating grade 

Stage 1 

Gross carrying amount 
Stage 3 

Stage 2 

POCI 

Total 

Low risk grade (1-4) 
Medium risk grade (5-7) 
High risk grade (8-9) 
Non performing  
Total loans at amortized cost 

7,644,341 
4,692,656 
289,030 
- 

631,138 
869,200 
526,928 
4,175 

- 
- 
- 
800,217 

2,921 
46,708 
2,563 
47,931 

8,278,400 
5,608,564 
818,521 
852,323 

and finance lease receivable 

12,626,027 

2,031,441 

800,217 

100,123  15,557,808 

2021 

Internal rating grade 

Stage 1 

Accumulated loss allowance 
Stage 3 

Stage 2 

POCI 

Low risk grade (1-4) 
Medium risk grade (5-7) 
High risk grade (8-9) 
Non performing  
Total loans at amortized cost 

52,654 
57,421 
14,746 
- 

42,988 
81,894 
78,111 
3,779 

- 
- 
- 
506,814 

129 
13,009 
375 
30,077 

Total 

95,771 
152,324 
93,232 
540,670 

and finance lease receivable 

124,821 

206,772 

506,814 

43,590 

881,997 

103 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.4.  Loan portfolio by countries 

An analysis of the non-qualified and qualified gross loan portfolio by country is as follows: 
2020 

2021 

Country 

Hungary 
Bulgaria 

Croatia 
Serbia 
Romania 
Slovenia 
Russia 
Ukraine 
Montenegro 
France 
Albania 
Moldova 
Germany 
Belgium 
Austria 
Slovakia 
The Netherlands 
Switzerland 
United Kingdom 
United States of America 
Luxembourg 
Poland 
Italy 
Ireland 
Cyprus 
Denmark 
Czech Republic 
Canada 
Australia 
Greece 
Turkey 
Spain 
Israel 
Bosnia and Herzegovina 
Sweden 
Norway 
Saudi Arabia 
United Arab Emirates 
Egypt 
Kazakhstan 
Iceland 
Latvia 
Other1 
Total 

Loss 
allowance 

Gross amount of loan, 
finance lease receivable 
at amortized cost, 
placement with other 
banks and repo 
receivable portfolio 

Gross amount of loan, 
finance lease receivable 
at amortized cost, 
placement with other 
banks and repo 
receivable portfolio 

Loss 
allowance 

5,528,516 
2,972,390 

1,826,233 
1,729,147 
1,076,696 
981,307 
812,070 
684,030 
385,342 
182,850 
233,391 
166,720 
84,164 
80,434 
40,426 
80,117 
36,858 
80,611 
21,209 
106,347 
33,251 
19,203 
10,558 
5,375 
8,646 
339 
899 
4,823 
3,164 
1,808 
1,810 
1,095 
1,174 
467 
810 
334 
239 
532 
582 
209 
1 
46 

2,782 
17,207,005 

215,911 
206,233 

101,067 
47,085 
57,665 
16,244 
137,920 
52,678 
24,930 
725 
10,551 
5,025 
675 
328 
201 
319 
622 
1,701 
1,763 
419 
1,271 
239 
239 
106 
562 
16 
12 
16 
10 
192 
95 
25 
15 
76 
63 
23 
9 
30 
15 
15 
- 
26 

164 
885,281 

4,513,208 
2,722,998 

1,663,534 
1,557,129 
915,030 
905,881 
626,269 
449,503 
376,351 
231,122 
185,711 
132,163 
151,101 
49,401 
54,009 
74,614 
31,144 
61,804 
21,692 
70,901 
25,062 
2,006 
25,614 
14,053 
16,890 
5,817 
902 
17,026 
3,649 
989 
1,567 
996 
455 
795 
536 
7,525 
424 
388 
78 
193 
56 
34 

2,880 
14,921,500 

209,216 
202,018 

101,640 
48,429 
52,016 
14,022 
133,293 
50,393 
23,440 
645 
8,243 
4,586 
485 
119 
58 
225 
497 
615 
1,282 
67 
46 
119 
164 
211 
3,102 
15 
9 
5 
1 
141 
93 
55 
5 
248 
54 
39 
7 
31 
6 
8 
56 
20 

202 
855,926 

1 Other category as at 31 December 2021 mainly includes e.g.: Georgia, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Macedonia, Portugal, China,  Brazil, Lithuania, Republic of South-
Africa, Algeria, Armenia, Belorussia, Finland, Tunisia, Morocco, South-Korea, Jordan, India, Iran,  Estonia, Nigeria, Malta, Syria, Vietnam, Republic of 
Pakistan, Kyrgyzstan and other countries. 

104 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

37.1.4. Loan portfolio by countries [continued] 

Country 

Hungary 
Croatia 
Bosnia-Herzegovina 
Total 

2021 

2020 

Loans at fair value 

1,067,830  
281  
-  
1,068,111  

798,981  
1,089  
2,535  
802,605  

37.1.5. Loan portfolio classification by economic activities 

Gross loan at amortized cost and finance lease  
receivable portfolio by economic activities 

Retail 
Agriculture, forestry and fishing 
Manufacturing, mining and quarrying  

and other industry 

Construction 
Wholesale and retail trade, transportation and 

storage accommodation and food service activities 

Information and communication 
Financial and insurance activities 
Real estate activities 
Professional, scientific, technical, administration 

and support service activities 

Public administration, defence, education, 
human health and social work activities 

Other services 
Total gross loans and finance lease receivable 

2021 

2020 

7,392,496 
607,122 

1,721,170 
593,682 

2,474,616 
195,561 
268,748 
562,227 

6,575,162 
508,175 

1,436,038 
481,402 

2,133,063 
155,055 
217,982 
524,665 

440,381 

370,454 

416,634 
885,171 
15,557,808 

401,932 
776,199 
13,580,127 

105 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

37.1.5. Loan portfolio classification by economic activities [continued] 

Loss allowance on loans at amortized cost and  

finance lease receivable by economic activities 

Retail 
Agriculture, forestry and fishing 
Manufacturing, mining and quarrying  

and other industry 

Construction 
Wholesale and retail trade, transportation and 

storage accommodation and food service activities 

Information and communication 
Financial and insurance activities 
Real estate activities 
Professional, scientific, technical, administration 

and support service activities 

Public administration, defence, education, 
human health and social work activities 

Other services 
Total loss allowance on loans and  

finance lease receivable 

37.1.6. Collateral 

2021 

523,065 
17,547 

60,054 
19,382 

92,934 
4,880 
12,798 
20,783 

10,789 

4,310 
115,455 

881,997 

2020 

493,759 
15,013 

57,804 
18,170 

84,141 
4,457 
14,773 
24,058 

11,245 

4,821 
125,904 

854,145 

The values of collateral received and held by the Group by type are as follows (total collateral). The collateral 
covers loans as well as off-balance sheet exposures. 

Types of collateral 

2021 

2020 

Mortgages 
Guarantees and warranties 
Guarantees of state or organizations owned by state 
Assignments (revenue or other receivables) 
Securities 
Cash deposits 
Other 
Total 

13,367,891 
1,296,415 
1,070,479 
422,030 
237,076 
187,934 
2,211,671 
18,793,496 

12,346,773 
178,139 
731,529 
486,670 
156,857 
163,489 
2,159,894 
16,223,351 

The values of collateral received and held by the Group by type are as follows (to the extent of the exposures). 
The collaterals cover loans as well as off-balance sheet exposures. 

Types of collateral 

2021 

2020 

Mortgages 
Guarantees of state or organizations owned by state 
Guarantees and warranties 
Assignments (revenue or other receivables) 
Securities 
Cash deposits 
Other 
Total 

6,479,871 
832,432 
799,775 
290,066 
156,715 
76,338 
1,295,740 
9,930,937 

5,902,854 
190,700 
984,532 
344,716 
115,269 
67,158 
1,244,771 
8,850,000 

106 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

37.1.6. Collateral [continued] 

The coverage level of the loan portfolio (total collateral) increased by 2.74% and the coverage level to the extent 
of the exposures was almost the same as at 31 December 2021. 

The  values  of  collateral  given  and  held  by  the  Group  according  to  which  financial  asset  is  recognized  as 
collateral are as follows: 

Financial assets as collaterals recognized  

in the consolidated statement of financial position 

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances  

with the National Banks 
Placements with other banks 
Repo receivables 
Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 
Securities at amortized cost 
Loans at amortized cost 
Finance lease receivables 
Other financial assets 
Total 

37.1.7. Restructured loans 

2021 

2020 

15,791 
9,590 
35,826 
16,546 
42,233 
1,089,614 
32,553 
- 
1,242,153 

- 
830 
- 
54,948 
11,071 
- 
12,561 
3,443 
82,853 

Retail mortgage loans 
Loans to medium and large corporations 
Retail consumer loans 
Loans to micro and small enterprises 
Municipal 
Other loans 
Total 

2021 

2020 

Gross 
portfolio 

Loss 
allowance 

Gross 
portfolio 

Loss 
allowance 

269,700 
276,796 
149,469 
57,403 
75 
27,092 
780,535 

(8,779) 
(44,197) 
(32,850) 
(7,668) 
(8) 
(2,555) 
(96,057) 

15,159 
58,271 
31,108 
11,782 
41 
4,412 
120,773 

(2,754) 
(12,260) 
(14,714) 
(1,237) 
(16) 
(791) 
(31,772) 

The forborne definition used by the Group is based on EU 2015/227 regulation. 
Restructuring  (forbearance)  is  a  modification  of  the  contract  –  initiated  by  either  the  client  or  the  bank  –  that 
provides  a  concession  or  allowance  towards  the  client  in  respect  to  the  client’s  current  or  future  financial 
difficulties. The table of restructured loans contains exposures classified as performing forborne. An exposure is 
considered  performing  forborne  if  the  conditions  of  the  non-performing  status  are  not  met  at  the  time  of  the 
restructuring, or the exposure fulfilled the requirements of the minimum one-year cure period as non-performing 
forborne. 

The significant increase of the performing forborne loan volume is due to the forborne classification rules set by 
the NBH executive circulars of 21 January 2021 and 25 November 2021 for loans participating in phase 2 and 
phase  3  of  the  moratoria.  The  loan  volume  classified  as  performing  forborne  exclusively  due  to  moratoria 
participation  is  in  the  Group:  HUF  544  bn  (in  OTP  Core:  HUF  503  bn,  in  OTP  Bank:  HUF  290  bn,  in  OTP 
Mortgage  Bank  Ltd.:  HUF  208  bn,  in  OTP  Building  Society  Ltd.:  HUF  5  bn).  For  the  affected  portfolios  the 
earliest possible exit from the forborne status is 6 months after the exit from moratorium for retail and 2 years 
after the exit from moratorium for corporate exposures. 

107 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

37.1.8. Financial instruments by rating categories1 

Securities held for trading as at fair value through profit or loss as at 31 December 2021 

2021 

Aaa 

Aa3 

A1 

A2 

A3 

Baa1 

Baa2 

Baa3 

Ba1 

Ba2 

B1 

B3 

Not 
rated 

Total 

Government bonds 
Equity instruments and fund units 
Corporate bonds 
Discounted Treasury bills 
Mortgage bonds 
Other interest bearing securities 
Other non-interest    
bearing securities 

Total 

- 
569 
- 
- 
- 
- 

561 
1,130 

- 
19 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
19 

- 
49 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
49 

16 
59 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
75 

- 
35 
485 
- 
- 
- 

- 
520 

18,747 
12 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
18,759 

26,024 
24 
- 
869 
- 
1,347 

- 
28,264 

11,282 
83 
97 
- 
- 
- 

- 
11,462 

10,156 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

31,306 
2 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
10,156 

- 
31,308 

- 
6 
- 
- 

- 

- 
6 

- 
- 
- 
54 
- 
- 

- 
54 

- 
315 
158 
- 
101 
- 

97,531 
1,173 
740 
923 
101 
1,347 

1,134 
1,708 

1,695 
103,510 

Non-trading securities mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss as at 31 December 2021 

2021 

Aa3 

Baa3 

Ba1 

Not rated 

Total 

Non-trading equity instruments mandatorily at  

fair value through profit or loss 

Non-trading debt instruments mandatorily at 

fair value through profit or loss 

Total 

- 

- 

7,811 

37,083 

44,894 

3,498 
3,498 

1,043 
1,043 

56 
7,867 

3,912 
40,995 

8,509 
53,403 

1 Moody’s ratings 

108 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

37.1.8. Financial instruments by rating categories1 [continued] 

Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income as at 31 December 2021 

2021 

Aaa 

Aa2 

Aa3 

A1 

A2 

A3 

Baa1 

Baa2 

Baa3 

Ba1 

Ba2 

Ba3 

B1 

B3 

Caa1 

Government bonds 
Corporate bonds 
Mortgage bonds 
Discounted Treasury bills 

National Bank of  
Hungary bonds 

Interest bearing treasury bills 
Other securities 
Non-trading  

21,728 
- 
- 
- 

7,849 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

17,808 
- 
47,568 
- 

28,492 
- 
- 
- 

99,425 
2,896 
- 
- 

203,172 
- 
- 
- 

495,231 
6,152 
- 
44,924 

372,198 
44,606 
- 
- 

188,395 
4,144 
- 
51,701 

162,477 
12,630 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

76,732 
- 
- 
- 

91,487 
- 
- 
- 

178 
- 
- 
- 

Not 
rated 

- 
18,091 
15,504 
- 

Total 

1,765,172 
88,519 
63,072 
96,625 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
63,115 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

109,774 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
3,257 

109,774 
63,115 
3,257 

equity instruments 

Total 

- 
21,728 

- 
7,849 

6,112 
6,112 

349 
65,725 

- 
28,492 

- 
102,321 

- 
203,172 

- 
609,422 

305 
417,109 

- 
244,240 

- 
175,107 

- 
109,774 

- 
76,732 

- 
91,487 

- 
178 

28,210 
65,062 

34,976 
2,224,510 

Securities at amortized cost as at 31 December2021 

2021 

Aaa 

Aa2 

A1 

A2 

A3 

Baa1 

Baa2 

Baa3 

Ba1 

Ba2 

B1 

B3 

Government bonds 
Corporate bonds 
Discounted Treasury bills 
Mortgage bonds 
Other securities 
Total 

185,261 
- 
- 
- 
298 
185,559 

45,392 
- 
- 
- 
- 
45,392 

20,043 
- 
- 
12,992 
- 
33,035 

- 
- 
- 
- 
8,210 
8,210 

31,892 
- 
- 
- 
- 
31,892 

172,502 
- 
- 
- 
7,343 
179,845 

2,858,111 
- 
6 
- 
3,682 
2,861,799 

174,929 
32,013 
- 
47 
- 
206,989 

26,544 
- 
- 
- 
- 
26,544 

12,617 
- 
- 
- 
- 
12,617 

25,587 
- 
- 
- 
- 
25,587 

91,423 
- 
15,696 
- 
- 
107,119 

1 Moody’s ratings 

Not 
rated 

- 
138,862 
- 
11,282 
16,603 
166,747 

Total 

3,644,301 
170,875 
15,702 
24,321 
36,136 
3,891,335 

109 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

37.1.8. Financial instruments by rating categories1 [continued] 

Securities held for trading as at fair value through profit or loss as at 31 December 2020 

2020 

Aaa 

A2 

A3 

Baa1 

Baa2 

Baa3 

Ba1 

Ba2 

Ba3 

B1 

Government bonds 
Discounted Treasury bills 
Equity instruments  
and fund units 

Other interest bearing securities 
Total 

- 
- 

535 
- 
535 

- 
- 

36 
- 
36 

- 
- 

33 
495 
528 

9,138 
- 

45 
- 
9,183 

2,155 
- 

7 
- 
2,162 

5,734 
1,233 

36 
998 
8,001 

7,247 
- 

- 
- 
7,247 

- 
- 

7 
- 
7 

13,762 
11,428 

- 
- 
25,190 

Not 
rated 

Total 

- 
- 

5 
- 
5 

- 
60 

3,036 
582 
3,678 

38,036 
12,721 

3,740 
2,075 
56,572 

Non-trading securities mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss as at 31 December 2020 

2020 

Aa3 

A1 

Baa3 

Not rated 

Total 

Non-trading equity instruments mandatorily at  

fair value through profit or loss 

Non-trading debt instruments mandatorily at 

fair value through profit or loss 

Debt securities designated  

at fair value through profit or loss 

Total 

1 Moody’s ratings 

- 

2,794 

- 
2,794 

- 

- 

- 

46,063 

46,063 

1,457 

7,263 

11,514 

2,235 
2,235 

- 
1,457 

- 
53,326 

2,235 
59,812 

110 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.1.   Credit risk [continued] 

37.1.8. Financial instruments by rating categories1 [continued] 

Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income as at 31 December 2020 

2020 

Aaa 

Aa2 

Aa3 

A2 

A3 

Baa1 

Baa2 

Baa3 

Ba1 

Ba2 

Ba3 

B1 

B3 

Caa1 

C 

Government bonds 
Mortgage bonds 
Corporate bonds 
Discounted Treasury bills 
Non-trading  

equity instruments 

Total 

20,639 
- 
- 
- 

- 
20,639 

8,215 
- 
- 
- 

- 
8,215 

- 
- 
- 
- 

37,195 
63,577 
- 
- 

120,112 
- 
4,815 
- 

192,994 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
2,336 
- 

959,133 
- 
39,179 
9,957 

182,685 
- 
4,997 
66,401 

- 
- 
979 
- 

200,478 
- 
12,532 
- 

18,166 
- 
- 
- 

69,248 
- 
- 
- 

3,875 
3,875 

- 
100,772 

- 
124,927 

47 
193,041 

- 
2,336 

898 
1,009,167 

- 
254,083 

- 
979 

- 
213,010 

- 
18,166 

- 
69,248 

145 
- 
- 
- 

- 
145 

Not 
rated 

- 
24,695 
16,782 
- 

Total 

1,855,134 
88,272 
81,620 
76,358 

46,124 
- 
- 
- 

- 
46,124 

30,505 
71,982 

35,325 
2,136,709 

Securities at amortized cost as at 31 December 2020 

2020 

Aa2 

A1 

A3 

Baa1 

Baa3 

Ba1 

Ba3 

B1 

B3 

Government bonds 
Corporate bonds 
Discounted Treasury bills 
Total 

45,975 
- 
- 
45,975 

10,939 
- 
- 
10,939 

38,987 
- 
- 
38,987 

38,573 
- 
- 
38,573 

2,306,821 
14,605 
- 
2,321,426 

9,922 
10,517 
- 
20,439 

4,147 
- 
- 
4,147 

9,961 
- 
- 
9,961 

74,743 
- 
10,358 
85,101 

Not 
rated 

- 
49,372 
- 
49,372 

Total 

2,540,068 
74,494 
10,358 
2,624,920 

1 Moody’s ratings 

111 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.2.  Maturity analysis of assets, liabilities and liquidity risk 

Liquidity  risk  is  a  measure  of  the  extent  to  which  the  Group  may  be  required  to  raise  funds  to  meet  its 
commitments  associated  with  financial  instruments.  The  Group  maintains  its  liquidity  profiles  in  accordance 
with regulations prescribed by the NBH.  

The  essential  aspect  of  the  liquidity  risk  management  strategy  is  to  identify  all  relevant  systemic  and 
idiosyncratic sources of liquidity risk and to measure the probability and severity of such events. During liquidity 
risk  management  the  Group  considers  the  effect  of  liquidity  risk  events  caused  by  reasons  arising  in  the  bank 
business line (deposit withdrawal), the national economy (exchange rate shock yield curve shock) and the global 
financial system (capital market shock). 

In line with the Group’s risk management policy liquidity risks are measured and managed on multiply hierarchy 
levels and applying  integrated unified  VaR based  methodology. The basic requirement is that the Group  must 
keep high quality liquidity reserves which means it can fulfill all liabilities when they fall due without material 
additional costs.    

The  liquidity  reserves  can  be  divided  in  two  parts.  There  are  separate  decentralized  liquid  asset  portfolios  at 
subsidiary level and a centralized flexible liquidity pool at a Group level. The reserves at subsidiary levels are 
held  to  cover  the  relevant  shocks  of  the  subsidiaries  which  may  arise  in  local  currencies  (deposit  withdrawal, 
local capital market shock, unexpected business expansion), while the centralized liquidity pool is held to cover 
the Bank’s separate shocks (deposit-, yield curve- and exchange rate shocks) and all group member’s potential 
shocks that may arise in foreign currencies (deposit withdrawal, capital market shock). 

The recalculation of shocks is made at least quarterly while the recalibration of shock measurement models and 
review of the risk management methodology is an annual process. The monitoring of liquidity reserves for both 
centralized and decentralized liquid asset portfolio has been built into the daily reporting process.  

Due  to  the  balance  sheet  adjustment  process  (deleveraging)  experienced  in  the  last  few  years,  the  liquidity 
reserves  of  the  Group  increased  significantly  while  the  liquidity  risk  exposure  has  decreased  considerably. 
Currently the (over)coverage of potential liquidity risk exposure by high quality liquid assets is high. There were 
no material changes in the liquidity risk management process for the year ended 31 December 2021. 

The  contractual  amounts  disclosed  in  the  maturity  analyses  are  the  contractual  undiscounted  cash-flows  like 
gross  finance  lease  obligations  (before  deducting  finance  charges);  prices  specified  in  forward  agreements  to 
purchase  financial assets  for cash;  net amounts for pay-floating/receive-fixed interest rate swaps  for  which net 
cash-flows are exchanged; contractual amounts to be exchanged in a derivative financial instrument  for  which 
gross cash-flows are exchanged; gross loan commitments. 

Such  undiscounted  cash-flows  differ  from  the  amount  included  in  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Financial 
Position because the amount in that statement is based on discounted cash-flows. When the amount payable is 
not fixed, the amount disclosed is determined by reference to the conditions existing at the end of the reporting 
period. For example,  when the amount payable varies  with changes in an index, the amount disclosed  may be 
based on the level of the index at the end of the period. 

The  following  tables  provide  an  analysis  of  assets  and  liabilities  about  the  non-discounted  cash-flow  into 
relevant  maturity  groupings  based  on  the  remaining  period  from  the  balance  sheet  date  to  the  contractual 
maturity date. It is presented under the most prudent consideration of maturity dates where options or repayment 
schedules allow for early repayment possibilities. 

112 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.2.   Maturity analysis of assets, liabilities and liquidity risk [continued] 

2021 

Within 3 
months 

Within one year 
and over 3 months 

Within 5 years 
and over one year 

Over 5 years 

Without 
maturity 

Total 

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances with the National Banks 
Placements with other banks, net of loss allowance for placements 
Repo receivables 
Trading securities at fair value  through profit or loss 
Non-trading instruments mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss 
Securities at fair value through other  comprehensive income 
Securities at amortized cost 
Loans at amortized cost  
Finance lease receivable 
Loans measured at fair value through profit or loss 
Associates and other investments 
Other financial assets1 
TOTAL ASSETS 

Amounts due to banks, the  National Governments,  
deposits from the National Banks and other banks 

Repo liabilities 
Financial liabilities designated at fair value  through profit or loss 
Deposits from customers 
Liabilities from issued securities 
Leasing liabilities 
Other financial liabilities1 
Subordinated bonds and loans 

TOTAL LIABILITIES 

NET POSITION 

2,557,092 
1,314,523 
61,373 
29,714 
- 
295,977 
34,190 
1,827,131 
124,074 
30,164 
- 

130,133 
6,404,371 

332,330 
79,045 
530 
19,593,347 
6,702 
3,060 

465,022 
2,886 

51 
61,455 
- 
21,975 
- 
249,131 
482,530 
2,599,854 
307,745 
31,662 
- 

3,244 
3,757,647 

173,171 
- 
1,253 
997,565 
2,664 
9,058 

26,311 
- 

- 
145,180 
- 
37,345 
9,769 
1,114,027 
2,146,652 
5,897,202 
770,154 
221,069 
- 

6,265 
10,347,663 

704,505 
2 
4,421 
336,246 
303,223 
27,307 

10,312 
7,495 

20,482,922 

1,210,022 

1,393,511 

- 
67,764 
- 
13,530 
19 
544,167 
1,202,747 
4,742,146 
48,636 
835,014 
- 

3,270 
7,457,293 

366,025 
- 
34,980 
148,580 
159,139 
15,530 

674 
269,698 

994,626 

- 
- 
- 
1,738 
43,615 
40,798 
- 
136,975 
- 
- 
79,736 

9,804 
312,666 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

6,235 
- 

6,235 

2,557,143 
1,588,922 
61,373 
104,302 
53,403 
2,244,100 
3,866,119 
15,203,308 
1,250,609 
1,117,909 
79,736 

152,716 
28,279,640 

1,576,031 
79,047 
41,184 
21,075,738 
471,728 
54,955 

508,554 
280,079 

24,087,316 

(14,078,551)2 

2,547,625 

8,954,152 

6,462,667 

298,142 

4,184,035 

1 Without derivative financial instruments 
2 Analysis for net position of assets and liabilities are calculated in accordance with IFRS 7, therefore certain financial instruments are presented in the earliest period in which the Group could be required to pay. On-demand 
deposits are presented in the earliest (within 3 month) period category, however based on the Management’s discretion the Group has appropriate liquidity reserves as maintenance and management of liquidity risk. 

113 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.2.   Maturity analysis of assets, liabilities and liquidity risk [continued] 

2021 

Within 3 
months 

Within one year 
and over 3 months 

Within 5 years 
and over one year 

Over 5 years 

Without 
maturity 

Total 

Receivables from derivative financial instruments held for trading 
Liabilities from derivative financial instruments held for trading 

4,396,050 
(4,349,598) 

1,993,311 
(1,991,763) 

302,924 
(296,648) 

151,959 
(146,398) 

Net position of financial instruments  

held for trading 
Receivables from derivative financial instruments 

designated as hedge accounting 

Liabilities from derivative financial instruments 

designated as hedge accounting 

Net  position of financial instruments designated  

as hedge accounting 

Net position of derivative financial  instruments total 

Commitments to extend credit 
Bank guarantees 
Confirmed letters of credit 
Factoring loan commitment 
Off-balance sheet commitments 

46,452 

5,693 

1,548 

37,815 

6,276 

5,561 

580,489 

16,195 

(7,765) 

(47,374) 

(595,938) 

(16,417) 

(2,072) 
44,380 

3,749,199 
532,445 
61,124 
464,341 
4,807,109 

(9,559) 
(8,011) 

234,503 
347,448 
2,937 
- 
584,888 

(15,449) 
(9,173) 

74,915 
307,030 
853 
- 
382,798 

(222) 
5,339 

6,385 
106,918 
163 
- 
113,466 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

6,844,244 
(6,784,407) 

59,837 

640,192 

(667,494) 

(27,302) 
32,535 

4,065,002 
1,293,841 
65,077 
464,341 
5,888,261 

114 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.2.   Maturity analysis of assets, liabilities and liquidity risk [continued] 

2020 

Within 3 
months 

Within one year 
and over 3 months 

Within 5 years 
and over one year 

Over 5 years 

Without 
maturity 

Total 

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances with the National Banks 
Placements with other banks, net of loss allowance for placements 
Repo receivables 
Trading securities at fair value  through profit or loss 
Non-trading instruments mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss 
Debt securities designated at fair value through profit or loss 
Securities at fair value through other  comprehensive income 
Securities at amortized cost 
Loans at amortized cost  
Finance lease receivable 
Loans measured at fair value through profit or loss 
Associates and other investments 
Other financial assets 1 
TOTAL ASSETS 

Amounts due to banks, the  National Governments,  
deposits from the National Banks and other banks 

Repo liabilities 
Financial liabilities designated at fair value  through profit or loss 
Deposits from customers 
Liabilities from issued securities 
Leasing liabilities 
Other financial liabilities 1 
Subordinated bonds and loans 

TOTAL LIABILITIES 

NET POSITION 

2,370,130 
902,977 
191,143 
14,546 
28 
2,235 
136,746 
121,993 
1,720,314 
127,856 
24,352 
- 

134,672 
5,746,992 

165,619 
8,379 
3,159 
15,065,456 
1,971 
2,859 

374,525 
2,843 

36 
77,646 
- 
16,163 
- 
- 
278,017 
47,251 
2,130,394 
274,143 
25,193 
- 

3,520 
2,852,363 

86,991 
- 
1,421 
2,300,365 
130,445 
8,163 

19,447 
- 

41,471 
134,780 
- 
15,093 
- 
- 
984,596 
1,577,822 
5,190,401 
659,682 
159,934 
- 

4,551 
8,768,330 

695,707 
109,612 
8,350 
305,074 
269,133 
27,776 

3,239 
6,838 

15,624,811 

2,546,832 

1,425,729 

20,675 
34,502 
- 
8,032 
9,590 
- 
644,612 
819,600 
4,219,165 
42,439 
607,274 
- 

1,902 
6,407,791 

254,897 
- 
21,201 
221,028 
65,841 
11,169 

89 
267,083 

841,308 

- 
635 
- 
777 
42,879 
- 
31,688 
- 
- 
- 
- 
58,307 

14,376 
148,662 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

10,496 
- 

10,496 

2,432,312 
1,150,540 
191,143 
54,611 
52,497 
2,235 
2,075,659 
2,566,666 
13,260,274 
1,104,120 
816,753 
58,307 

159,021 
23,924,138 

1,203,214 
117,991 
34,131 
17,891,923 
467,390 
49,967 

407,796 
276,764 

20,449,176 

(9,877,819)2 

305,531 

7,342,601 

5,566,483 

138,166 

3,474,962 

1 Without derivative financial instruments 
2 Analysis for net position of assets and liabilities are calculated in accordance with IFRS 7, therefore certain financial instruments are presented in the earliest period in which the Group could be required to pay. On-demand 
deposits are presented in the earliest (within 3 month) period category, however based on the Management’s discretion the Group has appropriate liquidity reserves as maintenance and management of liquidity risk. 

115 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.2.   Maturity analysis of assets, liabilities and liquidity risk [continued] 

2020 

Within 3 
months 

Within one year 
and over 3 months 

Within 5 years 
and over one year 

Over 5 years 

Without 
maturity 

Total 

Receivables from derivative financial instruments held for trading 
Liabilities from derivative financial instruments held for trading 

Net position of financial instruments  

held for trading 
Receivables from derivative financial instruments 

designated as hedge accounting 

Liabilities from derivative financial instruments 

designated as hedge accounting 

Net  position of financial instruments designated  

as hedge accounting 

Net position of derivative financial  instruments total 

Commitments to extend credit 
Bank guarantees 
Confirmed letters of credit 
Factoring loan commitment 
Off-balance sheet commitments 

594,663 
(473,510) 
121,153 

3,080,660 
(3,302,801) 
(222,141) 

532,012 
(441,330) 
90,682 

246,922 
(200,525) 
46,397 

186 

8,082 

169,339 

173,109 

(41,382) 

(118,914) 

(468,378) 

(88,720) 

(41,196) 
79,957 

2,375,279 
225,440 
13,670 
305,269 
2,919,658 

(110,832) 
(332,973) 

609,431 
280,625 
8,916 
- 
898,972 

(299,039) 
(208,357) 

350,195 
416,293 
1,476 
- 
767,964 

84,389 
130,786 

85,813 
137,739 
11,377 
- 
234,929 

- 
(31) 
(31) 

- 

- 

- 
(31) 

- 
99,602 
276 
- 
99,878 

4,454,257 
(4,418,197) 
36,060 

350,716 

(717,394) 

(366,678) 
(330,618) 

3,420,718 
1,159,699 
35,715 
305,269 
4,921,401 

116 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.3.  Net foreign currency position and foreign currency risk 

2021 

USD 

EUR 

CHF 

Egyéb 

Total 

Assets 
Liabilities 
Derivative financial  

instruments 
Net position 

1,163,960 
(1,013,972) 

7,661,460 
(6,769,472) 

88,639 
(107,902) 

7,677,060 
(5,971,941) 

16,591,119 
(13,863,287) 

(186,774) 
(36,786) 

(371,225) 
520,763 

32,021 
12,758 

(101,951) 
1,603,168 

(627,929) 
2,099,903 

2020 

USD 

EUR 

CHF 

Egyéb 

Total 

Assets 
Liabilities 
Derivative financial 

instruments 
Net position 

717,819 
(878,916) 

7,003,090 
(5,926,666) 

73,344 
(87,551) 

6,435,309 
(5,195,693) 

14,229,562 
(12,088,826) 

259,993 
98,896 

(921,666) 
154,758 

32,905 
18,698 

(147,436) 
1,092,180 

(776,204) 
1,364,532 

The table above provides an analysis of the main foreign currency exposures of the Group that arise in the non-
functional  currency  of  the  entities  constituting  the  Group.  The  remaining  foreign  currencies  are  shown  within 
‘Others’.  ‘Others’  category  contains  mainly  foreign  currencies  in  RON,  RSD,  HRK,  UAH,  RUB,  BGN,  ALL 
and MDL. The Group monitors its foreign exchange position for compliance with the regulatory requirements of 
the National Banks and its own limit system established in respect of limits on open positions. The measurement 
of the open foreign currency position of the Group involves monitoring the “VaR” limit on the foreign exchange 
exposure  of  the  Group.  The  derivative  financial  instruments  detailed  in  the  table  above  are  presented  at  fair 
value. 

37.4.  Interest rate risk management 

Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market interest 
rates. The length of time for which the rate of interest is fixed on a financial instrument, therefore, indicates to 
what extent it is exposed to interest rate risk. 

The majority of the interest bearing assets and liabilities of the Group are structured to match either short-term 
assets and short-term liabilities, or long-term assets and liabilities with repricing opportunities within one year, 
or long-term assets and corresponding liabilities where repricing is performed simultaneously. 

In  addition,  the  significant  spread  existing  between  the  different  types  of  interest  bearing  assets  and  liabilities 
enables the Group to benefit from a high level of flexibility in adjusting for its interest rate matching and interest 
rate risk exposure. 

The following table presents the interest repricing dates of the Group. Variable yield assets and liabilities have 
been reported in accordance with their next repricing date. Fixed income assets and liabilities have been reported 
in accordance with their maturity.  

117 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Within 1 month 

Over 1 month and 
Within 3 months 

Over 3 months and 
Within 12 months 

Over 1 year and 
Within 2 years 

Over 2 years 

Non-interest-bearing 

Total 

Total 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

- 
- 

- 

- 

6,697 
6,697 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

12,423 
12,423 

133,248 
- 

1,503,880 
- 

170,960 
36,376 

2,385,075 
721,012 

2,556,035 
757,388 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,336 

160,183 

161,519 

133,248 

1,503,880 

133,248 

1,503,880 

1,637,128 

OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.4.   Interest rate risk management [continued] 

As at 31 Deceember 2021 

ASSETS 

Cash, amounts due from banks 
and balances with the 
National Banks 
fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Placements with other banks, 
net of allowance for placements 
losses 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Repo receivables 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Trading instruments at fair 
value through profit or loss 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Non-trading instruments 
mandatorily at fair value 
through profit or loss 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

37,712 
36,376 

1,336 

- 

435,888 

271,734 

164,154 

- 

33,638 

33,638 

- 

- 

1,237 
32 

1,205 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

821,501 
661,318 

160,183 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

28,183 
28,183 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

360,795 

67,304 

109,822 

30,509 

134,382 

449 

226,413 

66,855 

- 

21,535 

21,535 

- 

- 

7,034 
7,034 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

664 
487 

177 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

96,918 

12,904 

- 

5,828 

5,828 

- 

- 

26,796 
26,796 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,007 

29,502 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,506 
2,233 

273 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

12,391 
12,391 

- 

- 

50,770 

50,238 

532 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

49,632 

49,632 

27,234 

27,234 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

405,437 

254,065 

151,372 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

17,202 

17,202 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

16,960 
16,960 

360 
360 

6,634 
6,634 

25,036 
25,036 

13,415 
13,415 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

24,415 

5,853 

1,013,185 

571,676 

1,584,861 

- 

- 

- 

- 

24,415 

5,853 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,770 
- 

- 

1,770 

51 

- 

- 

51 

1,098 
- 

- 

1,098 

576,887 

411,883 

24,415 

33,638 

33,638 

- 

- 

31,573 
28,148 

1,655 

1,770 

325,974 

239,849 

5,853 

27,414 

27,363 

- 

51 

71,937 
70,839 

- 

1,098 

902,861 

651,732 

30,268 

61,052 

61,001 

- 

51 

103,510 
98,987 

1,655 

2,868 

28,074 

25,329 

28,074 

25,329 

53,403 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

28,074 

25,329 

28,074 

25,329 

53,403 

118 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.4.   Interest rate risk management [continued] 

As at 31 Deceember 2021 [continued] 

ASSETS [continued] 

Securities at fair value through 
other comprehensive income 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Securities at amortized cost 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Loans at amortized cost, net of 
allowance for loan losses 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Finance lease receivables 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Loans mandatorily at fair value 
through profit or loss 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Fair value adjustment of 
derivative financial instruments 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Other financial assets 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Within 1 month 

Over 1 month and 
Within 3 months 

Over 3 months and 
Within 12 months 

Over 1 year and 
Within 2 years 

Over 2 years 

Non-interest-bearing 

Total 

Total 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

205,473 
157,136 

48,337 

- 

117 
- 

117 

- 

291,988 
291,987 

1 

- 

124,634 
117,026 

7,608 

- 

22,420 
6,897 

15,523 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

92,258 
92,258 

- 

- 

24,325 
19,513 

4,812 

- 

97,202 
88,628 

8,574 

- 

365,576 
365,576 

- 

- 

202,157 
202,157 

40,289 
40,289 

177,681 
177,681 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

362,610 
395,460 

(32,850) 

- 

697,456 
684,739 

12,717 

(353) 
- 

- 

35,329 
- 

- 

- 

(353) 

35,329 

28,559 
28,559 

264,200 
264,200 

56,712 
56,712 

2,305,098 
2,305,098 

722,114 
722,114 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

727,641 
688,410 

39,584 

(353) 

2,934,991 
2,934,874 

117 

- 

1,496,869 
1,448,822 

2,224,510 
2,137,232 

12,718 

35,329 

956,344 
943,924 

12,420 

- 

52,302 

34,976 

3,891,335 
3,878,798 

12,537 

- 

800,665 

5,419,263 

534,858 

1,525,057 

51,410 

1,029,075 

2,075 

260,668 

749,255 

4,390,188 

532,783 

1,264,389 

- 

117,384 

6,555 

110,829 

- 

27,185 
2 

27,183 

- 

- 

304,444 

118,251 

186,193 

- 

281 
- 

281 

- 

- 

16,580 

440 

16,140 

- 

11,172 
- 

11,172 

- 

- 

131,417 

8,408 

123,009 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

60,259 

16,048 

44,211 

- 

5,736 

5,736 

- 

- 

73,893 
- 

73,893 

- 

1,516,897 
1,409,585 

1,249,024 
1,125,415 

395,951 
188,029 

937,234 
551,410 

680,161 
574,143 

107,312 

123,609 

207,922 

385,824 

106,018 

- 

3,395 
3,393 

2 

- 

- 

13,864 
4,860 

9,004 

- 

- 

1,261 
1,155 

106 

- 

- 

19 
13 

6 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

1,431,981 

264,434 

410,199 

1,636,001 

1,180,170 

121,187 

109,109 

3,417,404 

10,075,779 

13,493,183 

683,927 

187,209 

748,054 

77,225 

- 

161,672 

37,140 

124,532 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

863,886 
862,177 

1,709 

- 

212 
12 

200 

- 

- 

20,288 

20,288 

- 

- 

29,473 
- 

29,473 

- 

10,760 
10,760 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

374,260 

35,939 

- 

88,194 

40,715 

47,479 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

57,580 
57,521 

59 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

942,294 

693,707 

- 

197,583 

188,967 

8,616 

- 

926,107 
- 

926,107 

- 

835,327 

344,843 

- 

- 

- 

121,187 

137,387 

64,125 

73,262 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,199,036 

3,183,257 

4,382,293 

2,097,181 

6,783,413 

8,880,594 

109,109 

1,943 

- 

- 

1,943 

121,187 

357,571 

221,986 

135,585 

- 

109,109 

825,057 

268,639 

554,475 

1,943 

230,296 

1,182,628 

490,625 

690,060 

1,943 

- 
- 

- 

- 

1,067,830 
2 

1,067,828 

- 

281 
- 

281 

- 

1,068,111 
2 

1,068,109 

- 

221,053 
221,053 

17,693 
17,681 

181,110 
- 

672,531 
- 

3,005,932 
2,403,570 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

12 

- 

128 
103 

25 

- 

- 

- 

181,110 

672,531 

49,086 
- 

- 

67,951 
- 

- 

421,252 

181,110 

53,742 
4,548 

108 

49,086 

67,951 

49,086 

3,797,948 
2,614,204 

511,213 

672,531 

82,174 
4,988 

9,235 

67,951 

6,803,880 
5,017,774 

932,465 

853,641 

135,916 
9,536 

9,343 

117,037 

119 

 
 
 
 
  
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.4.   Interest rate risk management [continued] 

As at 31 Deceember 2021 [continued] 

LIABILITIES 

Amounts due to banks, the 
Hungarian Government, 
deposits 
from the National Bank of 
Hungary and other banks 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Repo liabilities 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Financial liabilities designated 
at fair value through profit or 
loss 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Deposits from customers 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Liabilities from issued securities 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Within 1 month 

Over 1 month and 
Within 3 months 

Over 3 months and 
Within 12 months 

Over 1 year and 
Within 2 years 

Over 2 years 

Non-interest-bearing 

Total 

Total 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

26,401 

26,356 

45 

616,005 

615,961 

44 

35,951 

13,474 

1,178,345 

- 

- 

- 

- 

35,951 

13,474 

103,123 

58,913 

44,210 

- 

49,726 

49,726 

- 

- 

20,133 
- 

20,133 

- 

200,292 

103,240 

97,052 

- 

29,321 

29,321 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

41,404 

12,367 

29,037 

56,912 

23,208 

33,704 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

26,730 

26,730 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

79,200 

52,310 

26,890 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

355,132 

355,132 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

7,533,566 
463,512 

10,675,265 
4,039,568 

198,955 
198,955 

456,849 
456,849 

7,070,054 

6,635,697 

- 

864 
211 

653 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

8,514 
- 

8,514 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

94,140 
92,653 

1,487 

- 

170,732 
- 

170,732 

- 

735,911 
735,911 

31,975 
31,975 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

12,724 

12,724 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

248,209 
248,209 

120,403 
120,403 

- 

- 

256,151 
256,151 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

75,104 
74,680 

424 

- 

51 
51 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

21,051 
- 

- 

21,051 

16,356 
- 

- 

1,069,103 

73,291 

35,951 

49,726 

49,726 

- 

- 

41,184 
- 

20,133 

21,051 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

389,003 

217,838 

157,691 

13,474 

29,321 

29,321 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

1,567,348 

1,286,941 

230,982 

49,425 

79,047 

79,047 

- 

- 

41,184 
- 

20,133 

21,051 

881,911 
- 

8,123,201 
1,035,304 

12,945,443 
5,427,411 

21,068,644 
6,462,715 

- 

7,071,541 

6,636,121 

13,707,662 

16,356 

881,911 

- 
- 

- 

- 

13 
- 

- 

13 

16,356 

436,261 
256,362 

179,899 

- 

881,911 

64 
51 

- 

13 

898,267 

436,325 
256,413 

179,899 

13 

120 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.4.   Interest rate risk management [continued] 

As at 31 Deceember 2021 [continued] 

LIABILITIES [continued]   

Fair value adjustment of 
derivative financial instruments  

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Leasing liabilities 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Other financial liabilities 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Subordinated bonds and loans 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Within 1 month 

Over 1 month and 
Within 3 months 

Over 3 months and 
Within 12 months 

Over 1 year and 
Within 2 years 

Over 2 years 

Non-interest-bearing 

Total 

Total 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

941,607 
721,374 

220,233 

1,905,033 
1,714,718 

220,057 
151,795 

1,084,185 
579,964 

709,948 
526,007 

190,315 

68,262 

504,221 

183,941 

870,647 
868,848 

1,799 

- 

916 
830 

86 

- 

117,189 
117,185 

4 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

7,401 
6,948 

453 

- 

50,063 
50,046 

17 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

353 
72 

281 

- 

2,518 
907 

1,611 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

1,076 
435 

641 

- 

672 
564 

108 

- 

85,551 
- 

85,551 

- 

- 

483 
7 

476 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

5,359 
1,757 

3,602 

- 

479 
211 

268 

- 

186,225 
- 

186,225 

- 

12,943 
12,398 

545 

- 

892 
319 

573 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

54,920 
54,847 

73 

- 

4,534 
2,582 

1,952 

- 

133 
133 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

96,381 
96,558 

(177) 

- 

1,011 
1,011 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

77,044 
77,044 

- 

- 

24,823 
17,403 

7,420 

- 

103 
67 

36 

- 

6,514 
6,514 

- 

- 

453,672 
- 

- 

388,146 
- 

2,434,608 
1,508,132 

4,379,975 
3,295,421 

6,814,583 
4,803,553 

453,672 

388,146 

- 

472,804 

453,672 

696,408 

1,169,212 

388,146 

841,818 

- 
- 

- 

- 

173,503 
- 

- 

6,438 
- 

- 

6,438 

141,111 
- 

- 

3,655 
2,239 

1,416 

- 

293,210 
118,092 

1,615 

173,503 

141,111 

173,503 

- 
- 

- 

- 

44 
- 

- 

44 

- 
- 

- 

- 

49,631 
29,125 

14,068 

6,438 

192,561 
51,021 

429 

141,111 

278,334 
6,514 

271,776 

44 

53,286 
31,364 

15,484 

6,438 

485,771 
169,113 

2,044 

314,614 

278,334 
6,514 

271,776 

44 

Net position 

(5,587,533) 

(4,253,012) 

578,409 

1,195,694 

313,809 

890,767 

278,494 

669,788 

4,861,168 

2,556,377 

(161,996) 

991,937 

282,351 

2,051,551 

2,333,902 

121 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.4.   Interest rate risk management [continued] 

As at 31 December 2020 

ASSETS 

Cash, amounts due from banks 
and balances with the 
National Banks 
fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Placements with other banks, 
net of allowance for placements 
losses 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Repo receivables 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Trading instruments at fair 
value through profit or loss 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Non-trading instruments 
mandatorily at fair value 
through profit or loss 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Financial assets designated at 
fair value through profit or loss 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Within 1 month 

Over 1 month and 
Within 3 months 

Over 3 months and 
Within 12 months 

Over 1 year and 
Within 2 years 

Over 2 years 

Non-interest-bearing 

Total 

Total 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

150,707 
149,701 

1,006 

- 

240,397 

220,155 

20,242 

- 

183,364 

183,364 

- 

- 

1,261 
355 

906 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

777,104 
679,634 

97,470 

- 

339,537 

197,680 

141,857 

- 

7,485 

7,485 

- 

- 

9,247 
8,721 

526 

- 

4,487 

4,459 

28 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

1 
- 

1 

- 

104 

104 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

287 
287 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

4,647 
4,647 

2,008 
2,008 

- 

- 

- 

- 

14,793 
14,793 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

103,038 

102,080 

958 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

665 

665 

194,919 

194,919 

2,003 

2,003 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

9,277 
9,277 

- 

- 

5 

5 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

9,013 
9,013 

614 
614 

14,644 
14,644 

1,280 
1,280 

2,753 
2,753 

- 

- 

1,006 

1,006 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

124,478 

- 

124,478 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

5,270 
5,254 

16 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

21,056 
21,056 

168,850 
- 

1,283,869 
- 

321,566 
151,709 

2,110,746 
729,407 

2,432,312 
881,116 

- 

- 

7,633 

5,750 

1,883 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

8,463 
8,463 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,235 
- 

2,235 

- 

- 

- 

1,007 

97,470 

98,477 

168,850 

1,283,869 

168,850 

1,283,869 

1,452,719 

19,253 

116,711 

386,900 

761,843 

1,148,743 

- 

- 

- 

- 

222,927 

144,720 

19,253 

116,711 

19,253 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,473 

- 

- 
2,473 

- 

- 

- 

- 

183,364 

183,364 

- 

- 

1,267 

- 

- 
1,267 

11,185 
7,790 

922 

2,473 

30,674 

21,410 

30,674 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

500,434 

144,698 

116,711 

7,485 

7,485 

- 

- 

45,387 
43,594 

526 

1,267 

26,903 

5,465 

28 

723,361 

289,418 

135,964 

190,849 

190,849 

- 

- 

56,572 
51,384 

1,448 

3,740 

57,577 

5,465 

28 

30,674 

21,410 

30,674 

21,410 

52,084 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

2,235 
- 

2,235 

- 

2,235 
- 

2,235 

- 

122 

 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.4.   Interest rate risk management [continued] 

As at 31 December 2020 [continued] 

ASSETS [continued] 

Securities at fair value through 
other comprehensive income 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Securities at amortized cost 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Loans at amortized cost, net of 
allowance for loan losses 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Finance lease receivables 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Loans mandatorily at fair value 
through profit or loss 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Fair value adjustment of 
derivative financial instruments 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Other financial assets 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

47,073 
600 

46,473 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

656,665 

68,714 

587,951 

- 

285,219 

167,083 

118,136 

- 

24,871 
- 

24,871 

- 

945,704 
929,702 

16,002 

- 

10,221 
10,221 

- 

- 

Within 1 month 

Over 1 month and 
Within 3 months 

Over 3 months and 
Within 12 months 

Over 1 year and 
Within 2 years 

Over 2 years 

Non-interest-bearing 

Total 

Total 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

11,706 
11,706 

- 

- 

79,401 
79,401 

- 

- 

673 
673 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

95,897 
83,363 

12,534 

- 

21,055 
21,055 

- 

- 

4,758,061 

340,558 

1,115,958 

854,962 

2,048 

3,903,099 

338,510 

- 

281,683 

113,778 

167,905 

- 

1,159 
70 

1,089 

- 

- 

34,926 

8,141 

26,785 

- 

68 
- 

68 

- 

264,431 

851,527 

- 

134,848 

6,117 

128,731 

- 

141 
141 

- 

- 

118,558 
117,558 

1,000 

- 

37,771 
37,771 

- 

- 

52,487 

13,026 

39,461 

- 

18 

18 

- 

- 

498 
- 

498 

- 

183,940 
183,940 

49,095 
49,095 

200,651 
200,631 

567,675 
567,675 

- 

- 

- 

- 

20 

- 

- 

- 

4,574 
4,574 

398,158 
398,158 

40,066 
40,066 

1,844,129 
1,837,731 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

6,398 

- 

826,116 
819,295 

6,821 

- 

199,766 
199,766 

- 

- 

536 
- 

- 

536 

- 
- 

- 

- 

34,789 
- 

- 

34,789 

- 
- 

- 

- 

783,610 
735,601 

47,473 

536 

2,280,058 
2,273,660 

6,398 

- 

1,353,099 
1,298,935 

2,136,709 
2,034,536 

19,375 

34,789 

344,862 
344,862 

- 

- 

66,848 

35,325 

2,624,920 
2,618,522 

6,398 

- 

998,326 

488,106 

510,220 

- 

134,266 

26,854 

107,412 

- 

634 
634 

- 

- 

49,217 

36,198 

13,019 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

710 
- 

710 

- 

349,978 

1,723,813 

1,442,688 

125,865 

61,226 

2,948,605 

8,726,237 

11,674,842 

772,219 

951,594 

- 

806,553 

636,135 

- 

- 

- 

125,865 

5,685 

103,954 

41,005 

62,949 

- 

1,473 
1,473 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

61,226 

1,445 

- 

- 

1,445 

- 
- 

- 

- 

892,205 

2,702,324 

3,594,529 

1,930,535 

5,962,687 

7,893,222 

125,865 

325,848 

175,242 

150,606 

- 

798,980 
- 

798,980 

- 

61,226 

725,292 

212,790 

511,057 

1,445 

187,091 

1,051,140 

388,032 

661,663 

1,445 

3,625 
2,536 

1,089 

- 

802,605 
2,536 

800,069 

- 

699,341 
561,503 

880,168 
658,754 

137,838 

221,414 

378,971 
183,337 

195,634 

557,280 
559,388 

(2,108) 

416,304 
387,848 

28,456 

26,776 
26,799 

(23) 

- 

16,335 
10,982 

5,353 

- 

- 

155 
- 

155 

- 

- 

16 
14 

2 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

270 
19 

251 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

97,805 
97,487 

318 

742,345 
- 

- 

245,973 
- 

3,192,516 
2,215,133 

- 

- 

47 
- 

47 

- 

742,345 

245,973 

50,991 
- 

- 

62,527 
- 

- 

50,991 

62,527 

235,038 

742,345 

61,367 
10,221 

155 

50,991 

1,843,478 
1,235,259 

362,246 

245,973 

79,195 
11,015 

5,653 

62,527 

5,035,994 
3,450,392 

597,284 

988,318 

140,562 
21,236 

5,808 

113,518 

123 

288,272 

61,706 

- 

69,096 

25,036 

44,060 

- 

218 
218 

- 

- 

5,084 
5,084 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

5,685 

- 

772,833 
- 

772,833 

- 

40,243 
40,490 

(247) 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.4.   Interest rate risk management [continued] 

As at 31 December 2020 [continued] 

LIABILITIES 

Amounts due to banks, the 
Hungarian Government, 
deposits 
from the National Bank of 
Hungary and other banks 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Repo liabilities 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Financial liabilities designated 
at fair value through profit or 
loss 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Deposits from customers 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Liabilities from issued securities 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Within 1 month 

Over 1 month and 
Within 3 months 

Over 3 months and 
Within 12 months 

Over 1 year and 
Within 2 years 

Over 2 years 

Non-interest-bearing 

Total 

Total 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

75,420 

6,185 

69,235 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

25,902 
79 

25,823 

- 

72,092 

41,403 

30,689 

- 

2,019 

2,019 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

12,005 

12,005 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

109,125 

78,467 

30,658 

- 

6,360 

6,360 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

3,741 

3,422 

319 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

5,994 
5,994 

- 

- 

78,752 

17,551 

61,201 

- 

109,612 

- 

109,612 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

39,270 

39,270 

13,770 

13,770 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

6,143,610 
413,308 

8,390,678 
2,873,541 

101,521 
101,521 

633,365 
633,233 

142,203 
142,203 

880,099 
879,857 

68,741 
68,741 

171,992 
171,989 

239,805 
239,805 

5,730,302 

5,517,137 

- 

3,090 
213 

2,877 

- 

- 

221 
- 

221 

- 

- 

- 

11,691 
- 

11,691 

- 

132 

- 

414 
- 

414 

- 

- 

- 

223,762 
111,565 

112,197 

- 

242 

- 

721 
- 

721 

- 

- 

- 

46,451 
46,451 

- 

- 

3 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

177,807 
177,807 

- 

- 

114 

- 

- 

114 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

742,198 

735,267 

6,931 

27,016 

24,708 

2,308 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,235 
- 

2,235 

- 

502,668 
502,658 

10 

- 

46 
46 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

11,812 

- 

- 

11,812 

872,748 

796,149 

76,485 

114 

312,567 

175,899 

124,856 

11,812 

117,991 

8,379 

1,185,315 

972,048 

201,341 

11,926 

117,991 

8,379 

109,612 

109,612 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

31,896 
6,073 

25,823 

- 

2,235 
- 

2,235 

- 

34,131 
6,073 

28,058 

- 

15,169 
- 

- 

601,012 
- 

6,711,049 
965,578 

11,179,814 
5,061,278 

17,890,863 
6,026,856 

- 

5,730,302 

5,517,524 

11,247,826 

15,169 

601,012 

- 
- 

- 

- 

10 
- 

- 

10 

15,169 

462,801 
336,036 

126,765 

- 

601,012 

1,412 
46 

1,356 

10 

616,181 

464,213 
336,082 

128,121 

10 

124 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.4.   Interest rate risk management [continued] 

As at 31 December 2020 [continued] 

LIABILITIES [continued]   

Fair value adjustment of 
derivative financial instruments  

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Leasing liabilities 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Other financial liabilities 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Subordinated bonds and loans 

fixed rate 

variable rate 

non-interest-bearing 

Within 1 month 

Over 1 month and 
Within 3 months 

Over 3 months and 
Within 12 months 

Over 1 year and 
Within 2 years 

Over 2 years 

Non-interest-bearing 

Total 

Total 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

HUF 

Currency 

1,264,893 
1,111,465 

153,428 

385,359 
376,893 

1,035,006 
648,487 

208,880 
189,185 

479,592 
481,603 

8,466 

386,519 

19,695 

(2,011) 

492,998 
469,867 

23,131 

- 

1,131 
1,085 

46 

- 

4,091 
4,072 

19 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

6,748 
6,572 

176 

- 

30,795 
30,762 

33 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

465 
401 

64 

- 

512 
- 

512 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

739 
322 

417 

- 

234 
228 

6 

- 

84,833 
- 

84,833 

- 

- 

536 
536 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

6,823 
4,911 

1,912 

- 

333 
148 

185 

- 

184,090 
- 

184,090 

- 

9,260 
9,321 

(61) 

- 

467 
467 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

24,904 
24,904 

- 

- 

5,388 
4,219 

1,169 

- 

417 
417 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

48,555 
48,802 

(247) 

- 

1,213 
433 

780 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

90,112 
89,931 

181 

732,937 
- 

- 

255,219 
- 

3,570,243 
2,299,678 

- 

- 

732,937 

255,219 

19,644 
18,310 

1,334 

- 

255 
87 

168 

- 
- 

- 

- 

261,223 
- 

- 

5,297 
- 

- 

5,297 

92,042 
- 

- 

537,628 

732,937 

3,812 
2,922 

890 

- 

265,826 
4,072 

531 

- 

261,223 

92,042 

261,223 

5,781 
5,684 

97 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

1,457,472 
1,150,780 

51,473 

255,219 

5,027,715 
3,450,458 

589,101 

988,156 

44,639 
34,334 

5,008 

5,297 

124,076 
31,642 

392 

92,042 

274,704 
5,684 

269,020 

- 

48,451 
37,256 

5,898 

5,297 

389,902 
35,714 

923 

353,265 

274,704 
5,684 

269,020 

- 

Net position 

(4,972,655) 

(1,902,366) 

95,740 

820,640 

(85,929) 

209,242 

363,050 

460,657 

3,874,548 

2,063,479 

131,544 

863,825 

(593,702) 

2,515,477 

1,921,775 

125 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.5.  Market risk 

The Group takes on exposure to market risks. Market risks arise from  open positions in interest rate, currency 
and equity products, all of which are exposed to general and specific market movements. The Group applies a 
‘Value-at-Risk’  (VaR)  methodology  to  estimate  the  market  risk  of  positions  held  and  the  maximum  losses 
expected,  based  upon  a  number  of  assumptions  for  various  changes  in  market  conditions.  The  Management 
Board sets limits on the  value of risk that  may be  accepted,  which is  monitored on a daily basis. (Analysis of 
liquidity risk, foreign currency risk and interest rate risk is detailed in Notes 37.2., 37.3. and 37.4., respectively.) 

37.5.1.  Market Risk sensitivity analysis 

The VaR risk measure estimates the potential loss in pre-tax profit over a given holding period for a specified 
confidence level.  

The  VaR  methodology  is  a  statistically  defined,  probability-based  approach  that  takes  into  account  market 
volatilities as well as risk diversification by recognizing offsetting positions and correlations between products 
and  markets.  Risks  can  be  measured  consistently  across  all  markets  and  products,  and  risk  measures  can  be 
aggregated to arrive at a single risk number. The one-day 99% VaR number used by the Group reflects the 99% 
probability that the daily loss will not exceed the reported VaR.  

VaR methodologies are employed to calculate daily risk numbers include the historical and variance-covariance 
approach.  The  diversification  effect  has  not  been  validated  among  the  various  market  risk  types  when  capital 
calculation happens. 
In  addition  to  these  two  methodologies,  Monte  Carlo  simulations  are  applied  to  the  various  portfolios  on  a 
monthly basis to determine potential future exposure.  

The VaR of the trading portfolio can be summarized as follows (in HUF mn):    

Historical VaR (99%, one-day) by risk type 

Foreign exchange 
Interest rate 
Equity instruments 
Diversification 
Total VaR exposure 

Average VaR 
2021 

1,691 
212 
20 
- 
1,923 

2020 

1,530 
146 
141 
- 
1,817 

The  table  above  shows  the  VaR  figures  by  asset  classes.  Since  processes  driving  the  value  of  the  major  asset 
classes  are  not  independent  (for  example  the  depreciation  of  HUF  against  the  EUR  mostly  coincide  with  the 
increase of the yields of Hungarian Government Bonds), a diversification impact emerges, so the overall VaR is 
less than the sum of the VaR of each individual asset class. 

While VaR captures the Group’s daily exposure to currency and interest rate risk, sensitivity analysis evaluates 
the  impact  of  a  reasonably  possible  change  in  interest  or  foreign  currency  rates  over  a  year.  The  longer  time 
frame of sensitivity analysis complements VaR and helps the Group to assess its market risk exposures. Details 
of sensitivity analysis for foreign currency risk are set out in Note 37.5.2., for interest rate risk in Note 37.5.3., 
and for equity price sensitivity analysis in Note 37.5.4. 

126 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.5.   Market risk [continued] 

37.5.2. Foreign currency sensitivity analysis 

The Bank changed its methodology of foreign currency sensitivity analysis and has been using a historical VaR 
calculation since 31 March 2021. The former Monte Carlo simulation represented the Group’s sensitivity to the 
rise and fall in the HUF exchange rate against EUR, over a 3 months period. The sensitivity analysis included 
only  outstanding  foreign  currency  denominated  monetary  items  as  strategic  open  positions  related  to  foreign 
activities.  In  line  with  the  Management's  intention,  the  former  EUR  (310)  million  strategic  open  position  was 
fully closed as at 31 March 2021. 
Since the closing of the strategic open position, the Group has been using a historical  VaR calculation with a 1 
day holding period. The analysis includes the same net open foreign exchange position as used under the internal 
capital  adequacy  assessment  process  (ICAAP).  The  VaR  methodology  is  a  statistically  defined,  probability-
based approach that takes into account market volatilities as well as risk diversification by recognizing offsetting 
positions and correlations between products and markets. 
Additionally,  the  Bank  determines  the  foreign  currency  risk  of  assets  evaluated  through  the  Other 
Comprehensive Income,  which includes  securities  valuated on fair  value  through other comprehensive  income 
and the foreign currency translation reserves. 

The following table shows the result of the foreign currency sensitivity analysis.  
The numbers below indicate the expected daily profit or loss of the portfolio beside the given confidence level. 

Probability 

Effects to the consolidated statement 
of profit or loss 

Effects to the consolidated statement 
of other comprehensive income 

In HUF million 

In HUF million 

In HUF million 

In HUF million 

1% 
5% 
25% 
50% 
25% 
5% 
1% 

2021 

(194) 
(132) 
(50) 
(1) 
53 
142 
221 

2020 

(522) 
(388) 
(173) 
(14) 
111 
352 
696 

2021 

(1,707) 
(1,038) 
(398) 
98 
531 
1,215 
1,509 

2020 

(5,239) 
(2,261) 
(896) 
(227) 
584 
1,918 
2,981 

Note: 
(1) Historical VaR simulation is based on the empirical distribution of the historical exchange rate  movements 
between 31 December 2021 and 31December 2020. 

37.5.3. Interest rate sensitivity analysis 

The sensitivity analyses below have been determined based on the exposure to interest rates for both derivatives 
and non-derivative instruments at the balance sheet date. The analysis is prepared assuming the amount of assets 
and  liabilities  outstanding  at  the  balance  sheet  date  was  outstanding  for  the  whole  year.  The  analysis  was 
prepared by assuming only adverse interest rate changes. The main assumptions were as follows: 

  Floating rate assets and liabilities were repriced to the modelled benchmark yields at the repricing dates 

assuming the unchanged margin compared to the last repricing. 

  Fixed rate assets and liabilities were repriced at the contractual maturity date.  
  As for liabilities with discretionary repricing feature by the Bank were assumed to be repriced with two-

weeks delay, assuming no change in the margin compared to the last repricing date. 

  Deposits with an interest rate lower than 0.3% even at high market rates were assumed to be unchanged 

for the whole period. 

127 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.5.   Market risk [continued] 

37.5.3. Interest rate sensitivity analysis [continued] 

The  sensitivity  of  interest  income  to  changes  in  BUBOR  was  analysed  by  assuming  two  interest  rate  path 
scenarios: 

 (1) HUF base rate and BUBOR increases gradually by 100 bps over the next year (probable scenario) 
 (2) HUF base rate and BUBOR decreases gradually by 50 bps over the next year (alternative scenario) 

The  net  interest  income  in  a  one  year  period  after  1  January  2022  would  be  increased  by  HUF  1,487  million 
(probable scenario) and decreased by HUF 1,025 million (alternative scenario) as a result of these simulation. A 
similar  simulation  indicated  HUF  1,301  million  (probable  scenario)  and  HUF  5,732  million  (alternative 
scenario) decrease in the Net interest income in a one year period after 1 January 2021. 
This effect is counterbalanced by capital gains HUF (619) million (for probable scenario), HUF 322 million (for 
alternative scenario) as at 31 December 2021 and (HUF 584 million for probable scenario, HUF 2,329 million 
for alternative scenario as at 31 Decmeber 2020) on the government bond portfolio held for hedging (economic).  

Furthermore, the effects of an instant 10bps parallel shift of the HUF, EUR and USD yield-curves on net interest 
income over a one-year period and on the market value of the hedge government bond portfolio booked against 
capital was analysed. The results can be summarized as follows (in HUF million): 

Description 

Effects to 
the net 
interest 
income (one-
year period) 

2021 

Effects to capital 
(Price change of 
government bonds 
at fair value 
through other 
comprehensive 
income) 

Effects to 
the net 
interest 
income (one-
year period) 

2020 

Effects to capital 
(Price change of 
government bonds 
at fair value 
through other 
comprehensive 
income) 

HUF (0.1%) parallel shift  
EUR (0.1%) parallel shift 
USD (0.1%) parallel shift 
Total 

(105) 
(1,989) 
(257) 
(2,351) 

64 
- 
- 
64 

(1,809) 
(2,179) 
(497) 
(4,485) 

389 
- 
- 
389 

37.5.4. Equity price sensitivity analysis 

The following table shows the effect of the equity price sensitivity. The Group uses VaR calculation with 1 day 
holding period and a 99% confidence level. The VaR  methodology is a  statistically defined, probability-based 
approach  that  takes  into  account  market  volatilities  as  well  as  risk  diversification  by  recognizing  offsetting 
positions  and  correlations  between  products  and  markets.  The  daily  loss  will  not  exceed  the  reported  VaR 
number with 99% of probability.  
The stress test assumes the largest price movement of the last year and calculates with it as the adverse direction. 
These scenarios show the loss of the portfolio when all prices change with the maximum amount of the last year. 

Description 

VaR (99%, one day, HUF million) 
Stress test (HUF million) 

2021 

12  
(21)  

2020 

141 
(233) 

128 

 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.6.  Capital management 

Capital management 

The  primary  objective  of  the  capital  management  of  the  Group  is  to  ensure  the  prudent  operation,  the  entire 
compliance  with  the  prescriptions  of  the  regulator  for  a  persistent  business  operation  and  maximising  the 
shareholder value, accompanied by an optimal financing structure. 
The  capital  management  of  the  Group  members  includes  the  management  and  evaluation  of  the  shareholders` 
equity available for hedging risks, other types of funds to be recorded in the equity and all material risks to be 
covered by the capital. 
The basis of the capital management of the Group members in the short run is the continuous monitoring of their 
capital  position,  in  the  long  run  the  strategic  and  the  business  planning,  which  includes  the  monitoring  and 
forecast of the capital position.   
The Group members maintain the capital adequacy required by the regulatory bodies and the planned risk taking 
mainly  by  means  of  ensuring  and  developing  their  profitability.  In  the  event  that  the  planned  risk  level  of  a 
Group  member  exceeded  its  Core  and  the  previously  raised  Supplementary  capital,  it  ensures  the  prudent 
operation by occasional measures. A further tool in the capital management of the Bank is the dividend policy, 
and the transactions performed with the treasury shares. 

Capital adequacy 

The  Capital  Requirements  Directive  package  (CRDIV/CRR)  transposes  the  new  global  standards  on  banking 
regulation (known as the Basel III agreement) into the EU legal  framework. The new rules are applied from 1 
January 2014. They set stronger prudential requirements for institutions, requiring them to keep sufficient capital 
reserves  and  liquidity.  This  new  framework  makes  institutions  in  the  EU  more  solid  and  strengthens  their 
capacity to adequately manage the risks linked to their activities, and absorb any losses they may incur in doing 
business.  
The capital adequacy of the Group is supervised based on the financial statements data prepared in accordance 
with IFRS applying the current directives, rulings and indicators from 1 January 2014.  

The Group uses the standard method for determining the regulatory capital requirements of the credit risk and 
market  risk,  and  parallel  to  that,  the  base  indicator  method  and  the  advanced  method  (“AMA”)  in  case  of  the 
operational risk.  

For  international  comparison  purposes,  the  Group  calculated  the  Regulatory  capital  based  on  IFRS  data  as 
adopted by the EU, and the consolidated Capital adequacy ratio based on this in accordance with the regulations 
of  Basel  III.  The  Capital  adequacy  ratio  of  the  Group  (IFRS)  was  19.1%,  the  Regulatory  capital  was  HUF 
3,191,765 million and the Total regulatory capital requirement was HUF 1,335,305 million as at 31 December 
2021. The  same ratios calculated as at 31 December  2020  were the following: 17.7%, HUF 2,669,806 million 
and HUF 1,203,751 million. 

129 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 37: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (in HUF mn) [continued] 

37.6.   Capital management [continued] 

Capital adequacy [continued] 

Calculation on IFRS basis (in HUF million) 

2021 

2020 

Core capital (Tier 1) =  
Common Equity Tier 1 (CET 1) 

Issued capital 
Reserves1 
Fair value adjustments 
Other capital components 
Non-controlling interests 
Treasury shares 
Goodwill and other intangible assets 
Other adjustments 

Additional Tier 1 (AT1) 
Supplementary capital (Tier 2) 
Subordinated bonds and loans 
Other issued capital components 
Components recognized in T2 capital 

issued by subsidiaries 

Regulatory capital 

Credit risk capital requirement  
Market risk capital requirement 
Operational risk capital requirement 
Total requirement regulatory capital 
Surplus capital 
CET 1 ratio 
Tier 1 ratio 
Capital adequacy ratio 

2,926,882 

2,316,118 

28,000 
2,896,118 
(15,715) 
104,326 
1,996 
(121,941) 
(183,440) 
217,538 

264,883 
264,397 
- 

486 

3,191,765 
1,199,423 
13,440 
122,442 
1,335,305 
1,856,460 
17.50% 
17.50% 
19.10% 

28,000 
2,342,166 
33,991 
39,204 
1,795 
(145,939) 
(174,997) 
191,898 
- 
353,688 
263,439 
89,935 

314 

2,669,806 
1,071,163 
19,170 
113,418 
1,203,751 
1,466,055 
15.40% 
15.40% 
17.70% 

Basel III 
The components of the Common Equity Tier 1 capital (CET 1) are the following: Issued capital, Reserves (Profit 
reserves,  Other  reserves,  Changes  in  the  equity  of  subsidiaries,  Net  Profit  for  the  year,  Changes  due  to 
consolidation) Fair value adjustments, Other capital components, (Revaluation reserves, Share based payments, 
Cash-flow  hedges,  Net  investment  hedge  in  foreign  operations),  Non-controlling  interest,  Treasury  shares, 
Goodwill and other Intangible assets, other adjustments (due to prudential filters, due to deferred tax receivables, 
due to temporary regulations). 
Supplementary  capital  (Tier  2):    Subordinated  loan  capital,  Supplementary  loan  capital,  Other  issued  capital 
components, Components recognized in T2 capital issued by subsidiaries.  

For  regulatory  compliance  the  capital  adequacy  ratios  according  to  regulatory  scope  of  consolidation  are 
relevant. The Pillar3 Disclosure of OTP Group contains the capital adequacy ratios calculated under regulatory 
scope of consolidation. 
The Group has entirely complied with the regulatory capital requirements in 2021 as well as in 2020. 

1 The dividend amount planned to pay out after the profit of financial years 2019 , 2020 and 2021 is also deducted from reserves. 

130 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 38: 

RECLASSIFICATION AND TRANSFER OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) 

Reclassification from securities held for trading to securities at fair value through other comprehensive income: 

As at 31 December 2021 

Date of 
reclassification 

Reason for 
reclassification 

Type of 
securities 

Nominal 
value at 
reclassification 

Fair value 
at the date of 
reclassification 

EIR at the 
date of 
reclassification 

Interest 
income 

1 September 
2018 

Change in 
business model 

Retail 
Hungarian 
government 
bonds 

1,069 

1,087 

2%-3% 

38 

During  2018,  securities  issued  by  the  Hungarian  Government  with  the  nominal  value  of  HUF  66,506  million 
were transferred from the trading portfolio to the securities at fair value through other comprehensive income of 
which HUF 1,087 million remaining amount was presented as at 31 December 2021. The Bank has previously 
held retail government bonds in the  portfolio at fair value  through other comprehensive  income. During 2018, 
the  Bank  changed  the  business  model  of  the  retail  government  bonds  to  manage  all  on  the  basis  of  a  single 
business model aimed at collecting the future contractual cash flows and/or selling them. 
In 2018, the terms and conditions of sale of retail government bonds and the pricing environment have changed 
significantly,  as  a  result  of  which  the  Bank  is  no  longer  able  to  maintain  its  sole  trading  intent  with  these 
securities  that  the  Bank  applied  earlier.  Furthermore,  there  is  an  option-agreement  between  the  Bank  and  the 
Government  Debt  Management  Agency  (“GDMA”)  that  GDMA  will  buy  back  this  portfolio  therefore  it  has 
been reclassified. 

Financial assets transferred but not derecognized 

Transferred 
assets 

Associated 
liabilities 

Transferred 
assets 

Associated 
liabilities 

Carrying amount 
2021 

Carrying amount 
2020 

Financial assets at fair value 

through other comprehensive income 
Debt securities 

Total 

Financial assets at amortized cost 

Debt securities 
Loans and advances 

Total 

Total 

52,371 
52,371 

92,765 
833 
93,598 

45,484 
45,484 

48,176 
48,176 

44,287 
44,287 

90,986 
1,056 
92,042 

136,316 
1,171 
137,487 

119,789 
- 
119,789 

145,969 

137,526 

185,663 

164,076 

As at 31 December 2021 and 2020, the Group had an obligation from repurchase agreements (repo liability) of 
HUF  79,045  million  and  HUF  109,612  million  respectively.  Securities  sold  temporarily  under  repurchase 
agreements will continue to be recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position of the Group in 
the  appropriate  securities  category.  The  related  liability  is  measured  at  amortized  cost  in  the  Consolidated 
Statement of Financial Position as “Amounts due to the National Governments, to the National Banks and other 
banks and repo liabilities”. 

Financial assets transferred, derecognized with continuing involvement 

Financial assets which would have been derecognized but would be represented the continuing involvement are 
not recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as at 31 December 2021 or 2020.   

131 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 39: 

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ITEMS AND DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in 
HUF mn) 

In  the  normal  course  of  business,  the  Group  becomes  a  party  to  various  financial  transactions  that  are  not 
reflected  on  the  Consolidated  statement  of  financial  position  and  are  referred  to  as  off-balance  sheet  financial 
instruments.  The  following  represent  notional  amounts  of  these  off-balance  sheet  financial  instruments,  unless 
stated otherwise. 

Contingent liabilities 

2021 

2020 

Commitments to extend credit 
Guarantees arising from banking activities 
Factoring loan commitment 
Confirmed letters of credit 
Other 

Contingent liabilities and commitments total  

in accordance with IFRS 9 

Legal disputes (disputed value) 
Other 

Contingent liabilities and commitments  

total in accordance with IAS 37 

Total 

Legal disputes 

4,065,002 
1,293,841 
464,341 
65,077 
27,997 

3,420,718 
1,159,699 
305,269 
35,715 
35,965 

5,916,258 

4,957,366 

75,453 
5,410 

53,486 
22,164 

80,863 
5,997,121 

75,650 
5,033,016 

At the balance sheet date the Group was involved in various claims and legal proceedings of a nature considered 
normal to its business. The level of these claims and legal  proceedings corresponds to the level of claims and 
legal proceedings in previous years.  

The  Group  believes  that  the  various  asserted  claims  and  litigations  in  which  it  is  involved  will  not  materially 
affect  its  financial  position,  future  operating  results  or  cash-flows,  although  no  assurance  can  be  given  with 
respect  to  the  ultimate  outcome  of  any  such  claim  or  litigation.  Provisions  due  to  legal  disputes  were  HUF 
35,354  million  as  at  31  December  2021  and  HUF  34,894 million  as  at  31  December  2020,  respectively.  (See 
Note 24.) 

Commitments to extend credit, guarantees and letters of credit 

The  primary  purpose  of  these  instruments  is  to  ensure  that  funds  are  available  to  a  customer  as  required. 
Guarantees  and  standby  letters  of  credit,  which  represent  irrevocable  assurances  that  the  Group  will  make 
payments in the event that a customer cannot meet its obligations to third parties, carry the same credit risk as 
loans.  

Documentary  and  commercial  letters  of  credit,  which  are  written  undertakings  by  the  Group  on  behalf  of  a 
customer authorising a third party to draw drafts on the Group up to a stipulated amount under specific terms and 
conditions, are collateralised by the underlying shipments of goods to which they relate and therefore carry less 
risk than a direct borrowing. 

Commitments to extend credit represent unused portions of authorisations to extend credit in the form of loans, 
guarantees  or  letters  of  credit.  With  respect  to  credit  risk  on  commitments  to  extend  credit,  the  Group  is 
potentially exposed to loss in an amount equal to the total unused commitments. However, the likely amount of 
loss  is  less  than  the  total  unused  commitments  since  most  commitments  to  extend  credit  are  contingent  upon 
customers maintaining specific credit standards. 

Guarantees,  irrevocable  letters  of  credit  and  undrawn  loan  commitments  are  subject  to  similar  credit  risk 
monitoring and credit policies as utilised in the extension of loans. The Management of the Group believes the 
market risk associated with guarantees, irrevocable letters of credit and undrawn loan commitments are minimal. 

132 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 39: 

OFF-BALANCE  SHEET ITEMS AND DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL  INSTRUMENTS (in 
HUF mn) [continued] 

Guarantees, payment undertakings arising from banking activities 

Payment undertaking is a promise by the Group to assume responsibility for the debt obligation of a borrower if 
that  borrower  defaults  until  a  determined  amount,  until  a  determined  date,  in  case  of  fulfilling  conditions, 
without checking the underlying transactions. The guarantee’s liability is joint and primary with the principal, in 
case of payment undertaking, while the Group assumes the obligation derived from guarantee independently by 
the conditions established by the Group. A guarantee is most typically required when the ability of the primary 
obligor or  principal to perform  its obligations  under a  contract is in question, or when there is some public or 
private interest which requires protection from the consequences of the principal's default or delinquency. 

A contract of guarantee is subject to the statute of frauds (or its equivalent local laws) and is only enforceable if 
recorded in writing and signed by the surety and the principal. 
If the surety is required to pay or perform due  to the  principal's  failure to do so, the law  will usually give the 
surety  a  right  of  subrogation,  allowing  the  surety  to  use  the  surety's  contractual  rights  to  recover  the  cost  of 
making  payment  or  performing  on  the  principal's  behalf,  even  in  the  absence  of  an  express  agreement  to  that 
effect between the surety and the principal. 

Derivatives 

The Group maintains strict control limits on net open derivative positions, i.e. the difference between purchase 
and  sale  contracts,  by  both  amount  and  term.  At  any  time  the  amount  subject  to  credit  risk  is  limited  to  the 
current fair value of instruments that are favourable to the Group (i.e. assets), which in relation to derivatives is 
only a small fraction of the contract or notional values used to express the volume of instruments outstanding. 
This credit risk exposure is managed as part of the overall lending limits with customers, together with potential 
exposures from market movements. Collateral or other security is not usually obtained for credit risk exposures 
on  these  instruments,  except  for  trading  with  clients,  where  the  Group  in  most  of  the  cases  requires  margin 
deposits. 

NOTE 40: 

SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS AND EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (in HUF mn) 

Previously approved option program required a modification thanks to the introduction of the Bank Group Policy 
on  Payments  accepted  in  resolution  of  Annual  General  Meeting  regarding  to  the  amendment  of  CRD  III. 
Directives and Act on Credit Institutions and Financial Enterprises. 
Key  management  personnel  affected  by  the  Bank  Group  Policy  receive  compensation  based  on  performance 
assessment generally in the form of cash bonus and equity shares in a ratio of 50-50%. Assignment is based on 
OTP    shares,  furthermore  performance  based  payments  are  deferred  in  accordance  with  the  rules  of  Credit 
Institutions Act.  
The Bank ensures the share-based payment part for the management personnel of the Group members. 
During  implementation  of  the  Remuneration  Policy  of  the  Group  appeared  that  in  case  of  certain  foreign 
subsidiaries it is not possible to ensure the originally determined share-based payment because of legal reasons – 
incompatible with relevant EU-directives –, therefore a decision was made to cancel the share-based payment in 
affected countries, and virtual share based payment – cash payment fixed to share price - was made from 2017. 
In  case  of  foreign  subsidiaries  virtual  share  based  payment  was  made  uniformly  from  2021  (in  the  case  of 
payments related to 2021). 
The  quantity  of  usable  shares  for  individuals  calculated  for  settlement  of  share-based  payment  shall  be 
determined as the ratio of the amount of share-based payment and share price determined by Supervisory Board1. 
The  value  of  the  share-based  payment  at  the  performance  assessment  is  determined  within  10  days  by 
Supervisory  Board  based  on  the  average  of  the  three  previous  trade  day’s  middle  rate  of  OTP  Bank’s  equity 
shares fixed on the Budapest Stock Exchange. 
At  the  same  time  the  conditions  of  discounted  share-based  payment  are  determined,  and  share-based  payment 
shall contain maximum HUF 6,000 discount at the assessment date, and earnings for the shares at the payment 
date is maximum HUF 12,000. Employee benefits are all forms of consideration given by an entity in exchange 
for  service  rendered  by  employees  or  for  the  termination  of  employment.  IAS  19  Employee  Benefits  shall  be 
applied in accounting for all employee benefits, except those to which IFRS 2 Share-based Payment applies.   

1 Until the end of 2014 Board of Directors 

133 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 40: 

SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS AND EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

The parameters for the share-based payment relating to ongoing years 2016-2020 by the Supervisory Board for 
periods of each year as follows: 

Share purchasing at a  
discounted price 

Year 

Exercise 
price  

Maximum 
earnings 

Price of 
remuneration 
exchanged to 
share 

Share purchasing at a  
discounted price 

Exercise 
price  

Maximum 
earnings 

Price of 
remuneration 
exchanged to 
share 

Share purchasing at 
a  
discounted price 

Exercis
e price  

Maximum 
earnings 

Price of 
remuneration 
exchanged to 
share 

2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 

7,200 
7,200 
7,200 
7,200 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

for the year 2016 
2,500 
3,000 
3,500 
4,000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

9,200 
9,200 
9,200 
9,200 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
8,064 
8,064 
8,064 
8,064 
8,064 
- 
- 
- 

HUF per share 
for the year 2017 

for the year 2018 

- 
3,000 
3,500 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
- 
- 
- 

- 
10,064 
10,064 
10,064 
10,064 
10,064 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
10,413 
10,413 
10,413 
10,913 
10,913 
10,913 
10,913 

- 
- 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 

- 
- 
12,413 
12,413 
12,413 
12,413 
12,413 
12,413 
12,413 

Year 

Share purchasing at a 
discounted price 

Exercise price  

Maximum 
earnings 

Price of 
remuneration 
exchanged to 
share 

Share purchasing at a discounted price 

Exercise price  

Maximum earnings 

Price of 
remuneration 
exchanged to share 

for the year 2019 

for the year 2020 

HUF per share 

2020 
2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 

9,553 
9,553 
9,553 
9,553 
9,553 
9,553 
9,553 
- 

4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
4,000 
- 

11,553 
11,553 
11,553 
11,553 
11,553 
11,553 
11,553 
- 

- 
12,644 
12,644 
13,644 
13,644 
13,644 
13,644 
13,644 

- 
9,000 
8,000 
8,000 
8,000 
8,000 
8,000 
8,000 

- 
16,644 
16,644 
16,644 
16,644 
16,644 
16,644 
16,644 

Relevant factors considered during measurement of fair value related to share-based payment as follows: 

Year 

2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 

Reference 
price 
9,200 
10,064 
12,413 
11,553 
16,644 

Assumed 
volatility 
21.3% 
26.0% 
19.2% 
33.6% 
28.6% 

1-year 
0.1% 
0.2% 
0.2% 
0.6% 
1.0% 

2-year 
0.5% 
0.6% 
0.7% 
0.4% 
1.6% 

Risk-free interest rate (HUF) 
4-year 
3-year 
1.0% 
0.7% 
1.3% 
1.0% 
1.1% 
0.9% 
0.6% 
0.5% 
1.9% 
1.8% 

5-year 
1.3% 
1.6% 
1.3% 
0.8% 
2.0% 

6-year 
1.3% 
1.9% 
1.4% 
0.9% 
2.1% 

7-year 
1.3% 
2.1% 
1.6% 
1.0% 
2.1% 

Year 

Expected dividends (HUF/Share) 

1 -year 

2-year 

219 
219 
252 
219 
371 

219 
219 
290 
252 
321 

3-year  4-year 
290 
219 
383 
333 
393 

252 
219 
333 
290 
357 

5-year 

334 
219 
440 
383 
432 

6-year 
384 
219 
507 
440 
475 

7-year 

442 
219 
583 
507 
523 

2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 

Pricing model 

Binomial 
Binomial 
Binomial 
Binomial 
Binomial 

134 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 40: 

SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS AND EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Based on parameters accepted by Supervisory Board relating to the year 2016 effective pieces are as follows as 
at 31 December 2021: 

Approved 
pieces of 
shares 

Exercised until  
31 December 
2021 

Weighted average 
share price at the 
date of exercise  
(in HUF) 

Expired 
pieces 

Exercisable as 
at 31 
December 
2021 

Share purchasing period  

started in 2017 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2017 

Share purchasing period  

started in 2018 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2018 

Share purchasing period  

started in 2019 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2019 

Share purchasing period  

started in 2020 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2020 

147,984 

147,984 

4,288 

4,288 

321,528 

321,528 

8,241 

8,241 

161,446 

161,446 

4,033 

4,033 

166,231 

166,231 

4,303 

4,303 

9,544 

9,194 

10,387 

10,098 

12,415 

11,813 

13,629 

11,897 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Based on parameters accepted by Supervisory Board relating to the year 2017 effective pieces are as follows as 
at 31 December 2021: 

Approved 
pieces of 
shares 

Exercised until  
31 December 
2021 

Weighted average 
share price at the 
date of exercise  
(in HUF) 

Expired 
pieces 

Exercisable as 
at 31 
December 
2021 

Share purchasing period  

started in 2018 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2018 

Share purchasing period  

started in 2019 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2019 

Share purchasing period  

started in 2020 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2020 

Share purchasing period  

started in 2021 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2021 

Share purchasing period  

starting in 2022 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2022 

108,243 

108,243 

11,926 

11,926 

212,282 

212,282 

26,538 

26,538 

101,571 

101,565 

11,584 

11,584 

109,460 

106,719 

11,531 

11,531 

- 

- 

- 

- 

11,005 

10,098 

12,096 

11,813 

12,084 

11,897 

16,441 

16,477 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

6 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,741 

- 

42,820 

3,003 

135 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 40: 

SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS AND EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Based on parameters accepted by Supervisory Board relating to the year 2018 effective pieces are as follows as 
at 31 December 2021: 

Approved 
pieces of 
shares 

Exercised until  
31 December 
2021 

Weighted average 
share price at the 
date of exercise  
(in HUF) 

Expired 
pieces 

Exercisable as 
at 31 
December 
2021 

Share purchasing period  

started in 2019 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2019 

Share purchasing period  

started in 2020 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2020 

Share purchasing period  

started in 2021 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2021 

Share purchasing period  

starting in 2022 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2022 

Share purchasing period  

starting in 2023 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2023 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2024 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2025 

82,854 

17,017 

82,854 

17,017 

150,230 

150,230 

33,024 

73,799 

14,618 

33,024 

73,799 

14,618 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

13,843 

11,829 

14,294 

11,897 

16,314 

16,468 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

99,341 

17,042 

45,155 

4,114 

864 

432 

Based on parameters accepted by Supervisory Board relating to the year 2019 effective pieces are as follows as 
at 31 December 2021: 

Approved 
pieces of 
shares 

Exercised until  
31 December 
2021 

Weighted average 
share price at the 
date of exercise  
(in HUF) 

Expired 
pieces 

Exercisable as 
at 31 
December 
2021 

Share purchasing period  

started in 2020 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2020 

Share purchasing period  

started in 2021 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2021 

Share purchasing period  

starting in 2022 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2022 

Share purchasing period  

starting in 2023 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2023 

Share purchasing period  

starting in 2024 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2024 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2025 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2026 

91,403 

22,806 

91,403 

22,806 

201,273 

192,577 

30,834 

30,834 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

12,218 

11,897 

16,523 

17,618 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

8,696 

- 

109,567 

15,554 

125,771 

18,025 

44,421 

6,279 

1,000 

500 

136 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 40: 

SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS AND EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Based on parameters accepted by Supervisory Board relating to the year 2020 effective pieces are as follows as 
at 31 December 2021: 

Approved 
pieces of 
shares 

Exercised until  
31 December 
2021 

Weighted average 
share price at the 
date of exercise  
(in HUF) 

Expired 
pieces 

Exercisable as 
at 31 
December 
2021 

Share purchasing period  

started in 2021 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

provided in 2021 

Share purchasing period  

starting in 2022 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2022 

Share purchasing period  

starting in 2023 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2023 

Share purchasing period  

starting in 2024 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2024 

Share purchasing period  

starting in 2025 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2025 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2026 

Remuneration exchanged to share 

applying in 2027 

41,098 

17,881 

8,194 

17,881 

18,471 

17,498 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

32,914 

- 

82,826 

19,390 

47,826 

9,292 

51,002 

9,518 

13,080 

3,443 

680 

680 

Effective  pieces  relating  to  the  periods  starting  in  2022-2027  settled  during  valuation  of  performance  of  year 
2017-2020, can be modified based on risk assessment and personal changes.  

In connection  with  the share-based compensation  for Board of Directors and connecting compensation,  shares 
given as a part of payments detailed above and for the year 2021 based on performance assessment accounted as 
equity-settled share based transactions, HUF 3,589 million and HUF 3,394 million  was recognized as expense 
for the year ended 31 December 2021 and 2020 respectively. 

Defined benefit plan 

Defined  benefit  plan is post‑employment  benefit  plans other  than defined  contribution  plan.  The  Group's  net 
obligation  is  calculated  by  estimating  the  amount  of  employee's  future  benefit  based  on  their  servicies  for  the 
current and prior periods. The future value of benefit is being discounted to present value. 

The Group has small number of plans and mainly in Bulgaria, Serbia, Montenegro, Croatia and Slovenia. These 
plans are providing retirement benefits upon pension age as lump-sum payment based either on fixed amounts or 
certain months of salary. 
These plans are unfunded consequently there are no significant plan assets associated with these plans. 

137 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 40: 

SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS AND EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Defined benefit plan [continued] 

The movements of defined benefit obligation can be summarized as follows: 

Balance as at 1 January 
Current service cost 
Interest cost 
Actuarial gains from changes 

in demographic assumptions 

Actuarial gains from  

changes in financial assumptions 

Benefits paid 
Past service cost 
Other  increases 
Closing balance 

Amounts recognized in profit and loss 

Current service cost 
Net interest expense 
Past service cost 
Actuarial  losses 
Other cost 
Total 

Actuarial assumptions 

Discount rate 

Future salary increases 

2021 

5,022 
457 
61 

(6)  

(122)  
(225) 
(164) 
241 
5,264 

2021 

457 
61 
(164) 
(78) 
44 
320 

2020 

4,809 
402 
66 

(14) 

(203) 
(261) 
(274) 
497 
5,022 

2020 

402 
66 
(274) 
14 
- 
208 

2021 

2020 

0.35% - 4.50% 

0.46%-3.00% 

0.75% - 8.00% 

0.40%-5.00% 

Since plan asset is not recognized in the  Consolidated Financial Statements, the effect of the asset ceiling, the 
effect of changes in foreign exchange rates and the return on plan assets, excluding amounts included in interest 
accounts are also not recognized and therefore not presented.  

Based on the current information of not presenting plan assets the expected contributions to the plan for the next 
annual reporting period are also without value. 

OTP Group made an insignificant amount of contribution to the defined benefit plans during 2021 and 2020. 

138 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 41: 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (in HUF mn) 

The compensation of key management personnel, such as the  members of the Board of Directors, members of 
the  Supervisory Board, key employees of the Bank and its major subsidiaries involved in the decision-making 
process  in  accordance  with  the  compensation  categories  defined  in  IAS  24  Related  Party  Disclosures,  is 
summarised below: 

Compensations 

Short-term employee benefits 
Share-based payment 
Other long-term employee benefits 
Termination benefits 
Post-employment benefits 
Total 

2021 

8,881 
3,110 
743 
- 
112 
12,846 

2020 

8,901 
2,619 
827 
472 
- 
12,819 

Share based compensations to the members of the Board of Directors, Supervisory Board or key employees of 
the Bank and its major subsidiaries are detailed in Note 40 Share-based payments. 

An analysis of payment to executives of the Group related to their activity in Board of Directors and Supervisory 
Board is as follows: 

Members of Board of Directors 
Members of Supervisory Board 
Total 

2021 

3,023 
283 
3,306 

2020 

2,502 
204 
2,706 

139 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 41: 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Connections with related party (key management personnel and their close family member and companies) by which line of the consolidated statement of financial position and off-
balance sheet is presented: 

Assets 

Securities 
Loans at amortized cost (gross value)  
Loss allowance on loans at amortized cost 
Loans at fair value through profit or loss 
Total assets 

Liabilities 
Deposits from customers and loan liabilities 
Total liabilities 

Off-balance sheet items 

Undrawn line of credit  
Bank Guarantee 
Total off-balance sheet items 

Other 
related 
parties 

596 
111,529 
(3,197) 
108 
109,036 

39,872 
39,872 

Other 
related 
parties 

30,369 
6,220 
36,589 

2021 

Associated 
companies 

Other 
companies 

Total 

Other 
related 
parties 

725 
104,795 
(4,530) 
102 
101,092 

- 
1,798 
(6) 
- 
1,792 

596 
115,155 
(3,872) 
108 
111,987 

2,732 
2,732 

46,884 
46,884 

29,186 
29,186 

2020 

Associated 
companies 

Other 
companies 

Total 

- 
1,169 
(646) 
- 
523 

80 
80 

- 
16,414 
(19) 
- 
16,395 

725 
122,378 
(5,195) 
102 
118,010 

6,541 
6,541 

35,807 
35,807 

- 
1,828 
(669) 
- 
1,159 

4,280 
4,280 

2021 

Associated 
companies 

Other 
companies 

Total 

1,913 
- 
1,913 

1,176 
551 
1,727 

33,458 
6,771 
40,229 

Other 
related 
parties 

24,932 
6,641 
31,573 

2020 

Associated 
companies 

Other 
companies 

Total 

350 
- 
350 

2,314 
1,337 
3,651 

27,596 
7,978 
35,574 

In the normal course of business, the Bank enters into other transactions with its unconsolidated subsidiaries of the Group, the amounts and volumes of which are not significant to 
these Consolidated Financial Statements taken as a whole. Related party transactions were made on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm’s length transactions and such terms 
can be substantiated. 

140 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 42: 

SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIARIES AND ASSOCIATES (in HUF mn) 

The  control  is  established  when  the  Group  has  the  right  and  exposure  over  the  variable  positive  yield  of  the 
investee but the same time put up with the consequences of the negative returns and the Group by its decisions is 
able to influence the extent of the yields. 
The Group primarily considering the following factors in the process of determining the existing of the control: 

- investigation of the decision making mechanism of the entity, 
- authority of the Board of Directors, Supervisory Board and General meeting based on the deed of association, 
- existence of investments with preferential voting rights. 

If the control can’t be obviously determined then it should be supposed that the control does not exist. 
Significant influence is presumed by the Group to exist  – unless the contrary case is proven – when the Group 
holds 20% or more of the voting power of an investee but does not have a control. 

Investments  in  companies  in  which  the  Bank  has  a  controlling  interest  are  detailed  below.  They  are  fully 
consolidated companies and incorporated in Hungary unless otherwise stated. The Group considers a subsidiary 
significant when it is a financial institution or when the subsidiary contributes to the Groups’ total balance sheet 
with higher amount. The Bank considers the subsidiaries as cash generating units. 

Name 

DSK Bank EAD (Bulgaria) 
OTP Bank JSC (Ukraine) 
JSC “OTP Bank” (Russia) 
OTP banka d.d. (Croatia) 
OTP Bank Romania S.A. (Romania) 
OTP banka Srbija a.d. Novi Sad (previously:  
Vojvodjanska banka a.d. Novi Sad) (Serbia) 

Crnogorska komercijalna banka a.d.  

(Montenegro) 

Banka OTP Albania SH.A. (Albania) 
OTP Bank S.A. (previously:  

Mobiasbanca - OTP Group S.A.) (Moldova) 

SKB Banka d.d. Ljubljana (Slovenia) 
OTP Financing Malta 

Company Ltd. (Malta) 

OTP Financing Netherlands B.V. 

(the Netherlands) 

OTP Holding Ltd. (Cyprus)  
OTP Financing Cyprus Ltd. (Cyprus) 
OTP Factoring Ltd. 
OTP Mortgage Bank Ltd. 
OTP Real Estate Ltd. 

Merkantil Bank Ltd. 
OTP Building Society Ltd. 
OTP Fund Management Ltd. 
Bank Center No. 1. Ltd. 
Inga Kettő Ltd. 
OTP Funds Servicing and 

Consulting Ltd. 

OTP Real Estate Leasing Ltd.  

Ownership (Direct and 
Indirect) 

Activity 

2021 

2020 

99.91% 
100.00% 
97.92% 
100.00% 
100.00% 

99.91%  commercial banking services 
100.00%  commercial banking services 
97.91%  commercial banking services 
100.00%  commercial banking services 
100.00%  commercial banking services 

100.00% 

100.00%  commercial banking services 

100.00% 
100.00% 

100.00%  commercial banking services 
100.00%  commercial banking services 

98.26% 
100.00% 

98.26%  commercial banking services 
100.00%  commercial banking services 

100.00% 

100.00% 

refinancing activities  

100.00% 
100.00% 
- 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 

100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 

refinancing activities 
refinancing activities 
refinancing activities 

100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00%  work-out 
100.00%  mortgage lending 
100.00% 

real estate management and 
development 
100.00% 
finance lease  
100.00%  housing savings and loan  
100.00% 
100.00% 
100.00%  property management 

fund management 
real estate lease 

100.00% 
100.00% 

100.00% 
100.00% 

fund services 
real estate leasing 

141 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 42: 

SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIARIES AND ASSOCIATES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Significant associates and joint ventures 

Summarized financial and non-financial information of associates and joint ventures which are not significant on Group level and are accounted according to IAS 28 or accounted 
on cost is as follows: 

As at 31 December 2021 

List of associated entities  

OTP Kockázati Fund I. 
OTP-DayOne Magvető Fund 
D-ÉG Thermoset Ltd. 'u.l.' 
Company for Cash Services AD  
Edrone spółka z ograniczoną 

 odpowiedzialnością 
Graboplasr Closed Co. Plc. 
NovaKid Inc. 
Banzai Cloud Closed Co. Plc. 
ClodeCool Ltd. 
Papita.hu Closed Co. Plc. 

Seon Holdings Ltd. 

Starschema Ltd. 

VCC Live Group Closed Co. Plc. 
Virtual Solutaion Ltd. 
Yieldigo s.r.o. 
Szallas.hu Closed Co. Plc. 
Cursor Insight LTD 

Fabetker Ltd. 
OneSoil Ag. 
Packhelp Spółka Akcyjna 

Carrying 
amount 

Ownership 
of OTP 
Bank 

Profit after 
tax 

Country / 
Headquarter 

Activity 

526 
288 
- 
392 

779 
700 
2,006 
374 
1,770 
516 

4,756 

3,944 
1,672 

- 

76 
8,809 
146 

1 
318 
2,160 

44.12% 
22.00% 
46.99% 
25.00% 

17.34% 
7.00% 
4.17% 
17.42% 
20.15% 
34.00% 

23.86% 

36.19% 

49.56% 
8.33% 
1.97% 
51.19%1 
6.75% 

20.48% 
3.72% 
1.00% 

(52)  Hungary /Budapest 
13  Hungary /Budapest 

Trusts, funds and similar financial entities 
Trusts, funds and similar financial entities 
-  Hungary / Dunaújváros  Wholesale of hardware, plumbing and heating equipment and supplies 

(183)  Bulgaria / Sofia 

Other financial service activities, exc. insurance and pension funding 

(293)  Poland / Krakow 
n.a.  Hungary / Győr 
(4,621)  USA / San Francisco 
n.a.  Hungary /Budapest 
1  Hungary /Budapest 
(132)  Hungary / Szeghalom 

Computer programming activities 
Manufacture of builders’ ware of plastic 
Online kids English learning platform operator  
Computer programming activities 
Other education n.e.c. 
Retail sale via mail order houses or via Internet 

(4)  UK / London 

Computer programming activities 

n.a.  Hungary /Budapest 

Computer consultancy activities 

(203) 

Hungary /Budapest 
n.a.  Hungary /Budapest 

Computer programming activities 
Computer programming activities 
(168)  Czech Republic/Prague  Computer programming activities 
1,278  Hungary / Miskolc 
(247)  UK / London 

Web portals 
Computer programming activities 

132  Hungary / Nádudvar 
(1,058)  Switzerland / Zurich 
(3,038)  Poland / Warsaw 

Manufacture of concrete products for construction purposes 
Computer programming activities 
Manufacture of corrugated paper and paperboard 
 and of containers of paper and paperboard 

1 The Group does not control the entity even though it holds more than half of the voting rights. 

142 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 42: 

SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIARIES AND ASSOCIATES (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Significant associates and joint ventures [continued] 

The Group made significant investments into associates during 2021. Venture capital funds under the control of the Group obtained ownership interest in Phoenix Play Invest 
Co.Plc., in Algorithmiq Invest Closed Co. Plc. and in NGY Propertiers Investment SRL. 

As at 31 December 2021 [continued] 

List of associated entities  

Carrying 
amount 

Ownership of 
OTP Bank 

Profit 
after tax 

Country / Headquarter 

Activity 

Phoenix Play Invest closed Co. Plc. 
Algorithmiq Invest Closed Co. Plc. 
NGY Propertiers Investment SRL 

3,081 
8,996 
12,331 

21.69% 
21.69% 
14.54% 

(1)  Hungary /Budapest 
792  Hungary /Budapest 

(22,567)  Romania / Bucharest 

Activities of holding companies 
Activities of holding companies 
Renting and operating of own or leased real estate 

As at 31 December 2020 

List of associated entities  

OTP Kockázati Fund I. 
OTP-DayOne Magvető Fund 

D-ÉG Thermoset Ltd. 'u.l.' 

Company for Cash Services AD  

Edrone spółka z ograniczoną 

 odpowiedzialnością 
Graboplasr Closed Co. Plc. 
NovaKid Inc. 
Banzai Cloud Closed Co. Plc. 
ClodeCool Ltd. 
Pepita.hu Closed Co. Plc. 
Seon Holdings Ltd. 

Starschema Ltd. 

Tresorit S.A. 

VCC Live Group Closed Co. Plc. 
Virtual Solutaion Ltd. 
Yieldigo s.r.o. 
Szallas.hu Closed Co. Plc.1 

Carrying 
amount 

Ownership of 
OTP Bank 

Profit 
after tax 

Country / Headquarter 

Activity 

531 
674 

- 

392 

497 
711 
497 
1,008 
1,797 
575 
378 

1,310 

1,501 
1,599 

72 

79 
7,456 

44.12% 
22.00% 

46.99% 

(2)  Hungary /Budapest 
(37)  Hungary /Budapest 

Trusts, funds and similar financial entities 
Trusts, funds and similar financial entities 

-  Hungary / Dunaújváros 

Wholesale of hardware, plumbing and heating  

25.00% 

(254)  Bulgaria / Sofia 

Other financial service activities,  

equipment and supplies 

except insurance and pension funding n.e.c. 

17.34% 
7.00% 
4.17% 
17.42% 
20.15% 
34.00% 
23.86% 

36.19% 

7.77% 

49.56% 
8.33% 
1.97% 
51.19% 

(79)  Poland / Krakow 
(1,349)  Hungary / Győr 

(398)  USA / San Francisco 

13,430  Hungary /Budapest 
132  Hungary /Budapest 

3  Hungary / Szeghalom 
37  UK / London 

Computer programming activities 
Manufacture of builders’ ware of plastic 
Online kids English learning platform operator  
Computer programming activities 
 Other education n.e.c. 
Retail sale via mail order houses or via Internet 
Computer programming activities 

454  Hungary /Budapest 

Computer consultancy activities 

232  Luxembourg/Luxembourg  Activities of holding companies 

(58)  Hungary /Budapest 
(86)  Hungary /Budapest 
103  Czech Republic / Prague 
595  Hungary / Miskolc 

Computer programming activities 
Computer programming activities 
Computer programming activities 
Web portals 

1 The Group does not control the entity even though it holds more than half of the voting rights. 

143 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 43: 

TRUST ACTIVITIES (in HUF mn) 

The Bank acts as a trustee for certain loans granted by companies or employers to their employees, mainly for 
housing purposes. The ultimate risk for these loans rests with the party advancing the funds. As these loans and 
related  funds  are  not  considered  to  be  assets  or  liabilities  of  the  Group,  they  have  been  excluded  from  the 
accompanying Consolidated statement of financial position.  

The amount of loans managed by the Group as a trustee 

36,517  

36,811 

2021 

2020 

NOTE 44: 

CONCENTRATION OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES 

In the percentage of the total assets 
Receivables from, or securities issued by 
the Hungarian Government or the NBH 

2021 

2020 

15.87%  

14.45% 

There were no other significant concentrations of the assets or liabilities of the Group either as at 31 December 
2021 or 2020 respectively. 
The Group continuously provides the NBH with reports on the extent of dependency on large depositors as well 
as the exposure of the biggest 50 depositors towards the Group. 

Further to this obligatory reporting to the NBH, the Group pays particular attention on the exposure of its largest 
partners and cares for maintaining a closer relationship with these partners in order to secure the stability of the 
level of deposits. 

The  organisational  unit  of  the  Bank  in  charge  of  partner-risk  management  analyses  the  biggest  partners  on  a 
constant basis and sets limits on the Bank’s and the Group’s exposure separately partner-by-partner. If necessary, 
it  modifies partner-limits in due course thereby reducing the room for  manoeuvring of the Treasury and other 
business areas. 

The Bank’s internal regulation (Limit-management regulation) controls risk management related to exposures of 
clients. The Bank makes a difference between clients or clients who are economically connected with each other, 
partners,  partners  operating  in  the  same  geographical  region  or  in  the  same  economic  sector,  exposures  from 
customers. Limit-management regulation includes a specific range provision system used by the Bank to control 
risk exposures. This regulation has to be used by the Bank for its business (lending) risk-taking activity both in 
retail and corporate sector. 

To specify credit risk limits Group strives their clients get an acceptable margin of risk based on their  financial 
situation. In the Group limit system has to be provided a lower level decision-making delegation.  
If a Group member takes risk against a client or group of clients (either inside the local economy or outside), the 
client will be qualified as a group level risk and these limits will be specified at group level. 
The validity period of this policy is 12 months. The limit shall be reviewed prior to the expiry date but at least 
once a year - based on the relevant information required to limit calculations. 

144 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 45: 

EARNINGS PER SHARE (in HUF mn) 

Consolidated  Earnings  per  share  attributable  to  the  ordinary  shares  of  the  Group  are  determined  by  dividing 
consolidated  Net  profit  for  the  year  attributable  to  ordinary  shareholders,  after  the  deduction  of  declared 
preference dividends, by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Dilutive 
potential ordinary shares are deemed to have been converted into ordinary shares. 

Earnings per share from continuing  

and discontinued operations 

Consolidated net profit for the period attributable 

to ordinary shareholders (in HUF mn) 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding  

during the year for calculating basic EPS (number of share) 

 Basic Earnings per share (in HUF) 

Consolidated net profit for the period attributable 

to ordinary shareholders  (in HUF mn) 

Modified weighted average number of  

ordinary shares outstanding during the year 
for calculating diluted EPS (number of share) 

2021 

2020 

455,592 

259,416 

262,017,836 
1,738 

258,461,554 
1,004 

455,592 

259,416 

262,094,958 

258,543,088 

Diluted Earnings per share (in HUF) 

1,738 

1,003 

Earnings per share from continuing operations 

2021 

2020 

Consolidated net profit for the period attributable  

to ordinary shareholders (in HUF mn) 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding  

during the year for calculating basic EPS (number of share) 

 Basic Earnings per share (in HUF) 

Consolidated net profit for the period attributable 

to ordinary shareholders  (in HUF mn) 

Modified weighted average number of  

ordinary shares outstanding during the year  
for calculating diluted EPS (number of share) 

Diluted Earnings per share (in HUF) 

Earnings per share from discontinued operations 

Consolidated net profit for the period attributable  

to ordinary shareholders (in HUF mn) 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding  

during the year for calculating basic EPS (number of share) 

 Basic Earnings per share (in HUF) 

Consolidated net profit for the period attributable 

to ordinary shareholders  (in HUF mn) 

Modified weighted average number of  

ordinary shares outstanding during the year  
for calculating diluted EPS (number of share) 

455,476 

253,826 

262,017,836 
1,738 

258,461,554 
982 

455,476 

253,826 

262,094,958 

258,543,088 

1,738 

2021 

982 

2020 

116 

5,590 

262,017,836 
- 

258,461,554 
22 

116 

5,590 

262,094,958 

258,543,088 

Diluted Earnings per share (in HUF) 

- 

22 

145 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 45: 

EARNINGS PER SHARE (in HUF mn) [continued] 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares 
Average number of Treasury shares  
Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding  

2021 

2020 

280,000,010 
17,982,174 

280,000,010 
21,538,456 

during the year for calculating basic EPS  

262,017,836 

258,461,554 

Dilutive effects of options issued in accordance with the  

remuneration policy and convertible into ordinary shares1 
The modified weighted average number of ordinary shares 
outstanding during the year for calculating diluted EPS 

77,122 

81,534 

262,094,958 

258,543,088 

NOTE 46: 

NET GAIN OR LOSS REALIZED ON FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) 

2021 

Net interest / 
similar to 
interest gain and 
loss 

Net non-
interest 
gain and 
loss 

Loss 
allowance 

Other 
Compre-
hensive 
Income 

Cash, amounts due from banks and  
balances with the National Banks 

Placements with other banks,  

net of loss allowance for placements  

Repo receivables 
Trading securities at fair value through profit or loss 
Non-trading instruments mandatorily  
at fair value through profit or loss 

Securities at fair value through  
other comprehensive income 

Securities at amortized cost 
Loans at amortized cost 
Finance lease receivables 
Loans mandatorily at fair value  

through profit or loss 

Other financial assets 
Derivative financial instruments 
Total result on financial assets 

Amounts due to banks, the  National Governments,  
deposits from the National Banks and other banks 

Repo liabilities 
Financial liabilities designated  

at fair value through profit or loss 

Deposits from customers 
Liabilities from issued securities 
Leasing liabilities 
Subordinated bonds and loans 
Total result on financial liabilities 
Total result on financial instruments 

16,527 

24,594 
827 
- 

- 

(952) 

- 
- 
5,016 

(1,664) 
12 
- 

1,749 

4,812 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

49,473 
79,602 
692,432 
59,084 

40,131 
3,6393 
3,3212 
971,379 

(25,235) 
(2,299) 

493 
(51,052) 
(9,822) 
(1,556) 
(7,598) 
(97,069) 
874,310 

(2,587)2 
1,031 
26,354 
- 

4,459 
- 
9,412 
48,497 

(961) 
(3,013) 
(32,159) 
(5,776) 

(16,289) 
438 
- 
(60,364) 

(44,877) 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
(44,877) 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

(3,916) 
267,033 
- 
- 
- 
263,117 
311,614 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(60,364) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(44,877) 

1 Both in the year 2022 and in the year 2021 the dilutive effect is in connection with the Remuneration Policy and  the Management Option 
Program. 
2 For the year of 2021 HUF (2,587) million net non-interest gain on securities at fair value through other comprehensive income was 
transferred from other comprehensive income to profit or loss. 
3 Gains from other financial assets and derivative financial instruments recognized in net interest income as Income similar to interest 
income. 

146 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 46: 

NET GAIN OR LOSS REALIZED ON FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) 
[continued]  

2020 

Net interest / 
similar to 
interest gain and 
loss 

Net non-
interest 
gain and 
loss 

Loss 
allowance 

Other 
Compre-
hensive 
Income 

Cash, amounts due from banks and  
balances with the National Banks 

Placements with other banks,  

net of loss allowance for placements  

Repo receivables 
Trading securities at fair value through profit or loss 
Non-trading instruments mandatorily  
at fair value through profit or loss 

Securities at fair value through  
other comprehensive income 

Securities at amortized cost 
Loans at amortized cost 
Finance lease receivables 
Loans mandatorily at fair value  

through profit or loss 

Other financial assets 
Derivative financial instruments 
Total result on financial assets 

Amounts due to banks, the  National Governments,  
deposits from the National Banks and other banks 

Repo liabilities 
Financial liabilities designated  

at fair value through profit or loss 

Deposits from customers 
Liabilities from issued securities 
Leasing liabilities 
Subordinated bonds and loans 
Total result on financial liabilities 
Total result on financial instruments 

5,103 

9,200 
286 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
2,745 

(851) 
62 
- 

473 

7,239 

- 

44,782 
69,905 
658,579 
54,046 

28,251 
2,7392 
(628)2 
872,736 

(18,492) 
(653) 

(307) 
(53,522) 
(7,750) 
(1,623) 
(7,718) 
(90,065) 
782,671 

2,3251 
1,402 
26,254 
- 

2,125 
- 
13,734 
55,824 

(4,507) 
(2,802) 
(189,554) 
(9,972) 

(3,262) 
878 
- 
(210,008) 

- 
- 

- 
- 

1,270 
234,030 
- 
- 
- 
235,300 
291,124 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(210,008) 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

(6,931) 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
(6,931) 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(6,931) 

1 For the year 2020 HUF 2,325 million net non-interest gain on securities at fair value through other comprehensive income was transferred 
from other comprehensive income to profit or loss. 
2 Gains from other financial assets and derivative financial instruments recognized in net interest income as Income similar to interest 
income. 

147 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) 

In  determining  the  fair  value  of  a  financial  asset  or  liability  the  Group  uses  the  market  price  in  the  case  of 
instruments  that  are  quoted  on  an  active  market.  In  most  cases  market  price  is  not  publicly  available  so  the 
Group has to make assumptions or use valuation techniques to determine the fair value of a financial instrument. 
See Note 47. d) for more information about fair value classes applied for financial assets and liabilities measured 
at fair value in these financial statements.  

To  provide  a  reliable  estimate  of  the  fair  value  of  those  financial  instrument  that  are  originally  measured  at 
amortized  cost,  the  Group  used  the  discounted  cash-flow  analyses  (loans,  placements  with  other  banks,  repo 
receivables, amounts due to banks, repo liabilities, deposits from customers). The fair value of issued securities 
and subordinated bonds is based on quoted prices (e.g. Reuters). Cash and amounts due from banks and balances 
with the National Banks represent amounts available immediately thus the fair value equals to the cost. 

The  assumptions  used  when  calculating  the  fair  value  of  financial  assets  and  liabilities  when  using  valuation 
technique are the following: 

 

 

 

 

the discount rates are the risk free rates related to the denomination currency adjusted by the appropriate 
risk premium as of the end of the reporting period, 
the  contractual  cash-flows  are  considered  for  the  performing  loans  and  for  the  non-performing  loans, 
the amortized cost less impairment is considered as fair value, 
the future cash-flows for floating interest rate instruments are estimated from the yield curves as of the 
end of the reporting period, 
the fair value of the deposit which can be due in demand cannot be lower than the amount payable on 
demand. 

Classes of assets and liabilities not measured at fair value in the  Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, 
the  income  approach  was  used  to  convert  future  cash-flows  to  a  single  current  amount.  Fair  value  of  current 
assets is equal to carrying amount, fair value of liabilities from issued securities and other bond-type classes of 
assets and  liabilities  not  measured at  fair  value  measured based on  Reuters  market rates, and the  fair  value of 
other  classes  not  measured  at  fair  value  of  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Financial  Position  is  measured  at 
discounted  cash-flow  method.  Fair  value  of  loans,  net  of  loss  allowance  for  loans  measured  at  discount  rate 
adjustment  technique,  the  discount  rate  is  derived  from  observed  rates  of  return  for  comparable  assets  or 
liabilities that are traded in the market. 
Fair value measurements – in relation to instruments measured not at fair value – are mainly categorized in level 
3 of the fair value hierarchy. 

148 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

a) Fair value of financial assets and liabilities 

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances with the National Banks 
Placements with other banks, net of loss allowance for placements 
Repo receivables 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 

Trading securities at fair value through profit or loss 
Fair value of derivative financial assets held for trading 
Non-trading instruments mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss 
Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 
Securities at amortized cost 
Loans at amortized cost1 
Finance lease receivables 
Loans measured at fair value through profit or loss 
Derivative financial assets designated as hedge accounting 
Other financial assets 
Financial assets total 
Amounts due to the National Governments, to the National Banks and other banks 
Repo liabilities 
Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss 
Deposits from customers 
Liabilities from issued securities 
Held for trading derivative financial liabilities 
Derivative financial liabilities designated as hedge accounting 
Leasing liabilities 
Other financial liabilities 
Subordinated bonds and loans 
Financial liabilities total 

1 Higher discount rate due to the lower yield environment resulted in higher fair value comparing to the carrying values. 

2021 

Carrying amount 

Fair value 

2020 

Fair value 

Carrying 
amount 

2,556,035 
1,584,861 
61,052 
341,397 
103,510 
184,484 
53,403 
- 
2,224,510 
3,891,335 

13,493,183 
1,182,628 
1,068,111 
18,757 
135,916 
26,557,785 
1,567,348 
79,047 
41,184 
21,068,644 
436,325 
202,716 
11,228 
53,286 
485,771 
278,334 
24,223,883 

2,556,035 
1,566,458 
61,121 
341,397 
103,510 
184,484 
53,403 
- 
2,224,510 
3,645,046 

13,106,425 
1,183,089 
1,068,111 
18,757 
135,916 
25,906,865 
1,446,036 
79,010 
41,184 
21,002,125 
400,071 
202,716 
11,228 
53,447 
485,771 
284,709 
24,006,297 

2,432,312 
1,148,743 
190,849 
234,007 
56,572 
117,623 
57,577 
2,235 
2,136,709 
2,624,920 

11,674,842 
1,051,140 
802,605 
6,820 
140,562 
22,443,509 
1,185,315 
117,991 
34,131 
17,890,863 
464,213 
104,823 
11,341 
48,451 
389,902 
274,704 
20,521,734 

2,432,312 
1,150,081 
191,149 
234,007 
56,572 
117,623 
57,577 
2,235 
2,136,709 
2,384,933 

12,303,182 
1,070,528 
802,605 
6,820 
140,562 
22,852,888 
1,172,036 
119,927 
34,131 
17,905,676 
529,723 
104,823 
11,341 
48,451 
389,902 
265,679 
20,581,689 

149 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

b) Fair value of derivative instruments 

The  Group  regularly  enters  into  hedging  transactions  in  order  to  decrease  its  financial  risks.  However  some 
economically  hedging  transaction  do  not  meet  the  criteria  to  qualify  as  hedge  accounting,  therefore  these 
transactions were accounted for as derivatives held for trading.  
The  assessment  of  the  hedge  effectiveness  (both  for  fair  value  hedges  and  cash  flow  hedges)  to  determine  the 
economic  relationship  between  the  hedged  item  and  the  hedging  instrument  is  accomplished  with  prospective 
scenario analysis via different rate shift scenarios of the relevant risk factor(s) of the hedged risk component(s). The 
fair value change of the hedged item and the hedging instrument is compared in the different scenarios. Economic 
relationship  is  justified  if  the  change  of  the  fair  value  of  the  hedged  item  and  the  hedging  instrument  are  in  the 
opposite direction and the absolute changes are similar amounts. The hedge ratio is determined as the ratio of the 
notional of the hedged item and the notional of the hedging instrument. The sources of hedge ineffectiveness are the 
not hedged risk components (e.g. change of cross currency basis spreads in case of interest rate risk hedges), slight 
differences in  maturity dates  and interest payment dates in case of fair value  hedges, and differences between the 
carrying amount of the hedged item and the carrying amount of the hedging instrument in case of FX hedges (e.g. 
caused by interest rate risk components in the fair value of the hedging instrument).  

The summary of the derivatives held for trading and  derivatives designated as hedge accounting of the Group are as 
follows: 

150 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

b) Fair value of derivative instruments [continued] 

Held for trading derivative financial instruments 
Interest rate derivatives 
Interest rate swaps 
Cross currency interest rate swaps 
OTC options 
Forward rate agreement 

Total interest rate derivatives (OTC derivatives) 
Foreign exchange derivatives 
Foreign exchange swaps 
Foreign exchange forward contracts 
OTC options 
Foreign exchange spot conversion 
Total foreign exchange derivatives  

(OTC derivatives) 

Equity stock and index derivatives 

Commodity Swaps 
Equity swaps 

OTC derivatives total 

Exchange traded futures and options 
Total equity stock and index derivatives 
Derivatives held for risk management  

not designated in hedge 
Interest rate swaps 
Foreign exchange swaps 
Foreign exchange spot  
Forward contracts 
Cross currency interest rate swaps 

Total derivatives held for risk  

Before netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

2021 
Netting 

After netting 

Before netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Assets 

Liabilities 

2020 
Netting 

After netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

58,512 
7,316 
484 
- 
66,312 

37,638 
10,790 
801 
187 

(56,070) 
(7,621) 
(299) 
- 
(63,990) 

(42,272) 
(7,738) 
(180) 
(242) 

49,416 

(50,432) 

51,523 
10,538 
62,061 
171 
62,232 

47,457 
1,090 
- 
- 
4,442 

(51,508) 
(357) 
(51,865) 
(278) 
(52,143) 

(78,340) 
(4,108) 
- 
- 
(168) 

40,783 
- 
- 
- 
40,783 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

5,682 
- 
- 
- 
- 

17,729 
7,316 
484 
- 
25,529 

37,638 
10,790 
801 
187 

(15,287) 
(7,621) 
(299) 
- 
(23,207) 

(42,272) 
(7,738) 
(180) 
(242) 

33,963 
7,315 
359 
- 
41,637 

41,838 
8,689 
3,909 
553 

(33,736) 
(7,419) 
(8) 
- 
(41,163) 

(35,537) 
(10,750) 
(3,835) 
(657) 

49,416 

(50,432) 

54,989 

(50,779) 

51,523 
10,538 
62,061 
171 
62,232 

41,775 
1,090 
- 
- 
4,442 

(51,508) 
(357) 
(51,865) 
(278) 
(52,143) 

(72,658) 
(4,108) 
- 
- 
(168) 

9,695 
7,071 
16,766 
379 
17,145 

24,679 
808 
- 
41 
44 

(8,269) 
(560) 
(8,829) 
(1,262) 
(10,091) 

(20,944) 
(3,566) 
- 
- 
- 

8,984 
- 
- 
- 
8,984 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

12,736 
- 
- 
- 
- 

24,979 
7,315 
359 
- 
32,653 

41,838 
8,689 
3,909 
553 

(24,752) 
(7,419) 
(8) 
- 
(32,179) 

(35,537) 
(10,750) 
(3,835) 
(657) 

54,989 

(50,779) 

9,695 
7,071 
16,766 
379 
17,145 

11,943 
808 
- 
41 
44 

(8,269) 
(560) 
(8,829) 
(1,262) 
(10,091) 

(8,208) 
(3,566) 
- 
- 
- 

management not designated in hedge 

52,989 

(82,616) 

5,682 

47,307 

(76,934) 

25,572 

(24,510) 

12,736 

12,836 

(11,774) 

Total held for trading derivative 

financial instruments 

230,949 

(249,181) 

46,465 

184,484 

(202,716) 

139,343 

(126,543) 

21,720 

117,623 

(104,823) 

151 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

b) Fair value of derivative instruments [continued] 

Derivative financial instruments designated 

as hedge accounting 

Derivatives designated in cash flow hedges 

Interest rate swaps 

Total derivatives designated in cash flow hedges 
Derivatives designated in fair value hedges 

Interest rate swaps 
Cross currency interest rate swaps 
Foreign exchange swaps 

Total derivatives designated in fair value hedges 
Total derivatives held for risk management  

Before netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

2021 
Netting 

After netting 

Before netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Assets 

Liabilities 

2020 
Netting 

After netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

1,020 
1,020 

(1,020) 
(1,020) 

1,020 
1,020 

- 
- 

- 
- 

25,417 
5,471 
- 
30,888 

(17,908) 
(5,451) 
- 
(23,359) 

12,131 
- 
- 
12,131 

13,286 
5,471 
- 
18,757 

(5,777) 
(5,451) 
- 
(11,228) 

8,027 
8,027 

2,436 
6,179 
- 
8,615 

(8,027) 
(8,027) 

(7,129) 
(6,007) 
- 
(13,136) 

8,027 
8,027 

1,795 
- 
- 
1,795 

- 
- 

641 
6,179 
- 
6,820 

- 
- 

(5,334) 
(6,007) 
- 
(11,341) 

(OTC derivatives) 

31,908 

(24,379) 

13,151 

18,757 

(11,228) 

16,642 

(21,163) 

9,822 

6,820 

(11,341) 

c)  Types of hedge accounting 

Interest rate risk management is centralized at the Group. Interest rate risk exposures in major currencies are managed at OTP Headquarter  on a consolidated level. Although 
risk  exposures  in  local  currencies  are  managed  at  subsidiary  level,  the  respective  decisions  are  subject  to  Headquarter  ALCO  approval.  Interest  rate  risk  is  measured  by 
simulating NII and EVE under different stress and plan scenarios, the established risk limits are described in „OTP Bank’s Group-Level Regulations on the Management of 
Liquidity Risk and Interest Rate Risk of Banking Book”. The interest rate risk management activity aims to stabilize NII within the approved risk limits 

The risk management objective of these hedge relationships is to mitigate the risk of clean fair value (i.e. excluding accrued interest) change of MIRS loans due to the change 
of interest rate reference indices (BUBOR, EURIBOR, LIBOR, etc.) of the respective currency. 

The ineffective part of fair value hedge accounting is presented on Interest income / Interest expense in the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss. 

152 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47:  

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

c)  Types of hedge accounting [continued] 

Amount, timing and uncertainty of future cash flows – hedging instruments as at 31 December 2021 (in fx million) 

Type of 
hedge 

Type of risk 

Type of instrument 

Within one 
month 

Within three 
months and over 
one month 

Within one year 
and over three 
months 

Within five years 
and over one year 

More than 
five years 

Total 

Fair Value 
Hedge 

Interest rate 
risk 

Interest rate swap 

HUF 

Notional 
Average Interest Rate (%) 

EUR 

Notional 
Average Interest Rate (%) 

USD 

Notional 
Average Interest Rate (%) 

JPY 

Notional 
Average Interest Rate (%) 

Cross currency interest rate 
swap 

EUR/HUF 
Notional 
Average Interest Rate (%) 
Average FX Rate  

Fair Value 
Hedge 

Foreign 
exchange & 
Interest rate 
risk 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

2,000 
1.09% 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

900 
0.49% 

1 
0.23% 

- 
- 

- 
- 

(52,474) 
1.65% 

111 
0.24% 

119 
2.54% 

4,500 
0.22% 

42,950 
1.31% 

50 
0.05% 

47 
4.18% 

- 
- 

(6,624) 

162 

166 

4,500 

- 
(1.64)% 
310.41 

1 
(1.68)% 
310.29 

2 
(1.67%) 
310.26 

12 
(1.69%) 
310.01 

12 
(1.82%) 
307.81 

27 

153 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47:  

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

c)  Types of hedge accounting [continued] 

Amount, timing and uncertainty of future cash flows – hedging instruments as at 31 December 2021 (in fx million) [continued] 

Type of 
hedge 

Type of risk 

Type of instrument 

Within one 
month 

Within three 
months and over 
one month 

Within one year 
and over three 
months 

Within five years 
and over one year 

More than 
five years 

Total 

Fair Value 
Hedge 

Foreign 
exchange 
risk 

Cross currency interest rate 
swap 

EUR/HUF 
Notional 
Average FX Rate  

RON/HUF 
Notional 
Average FX Rate  

RUB/HUF 
Notional 
Average FX Rate  
JPY/HUF 

Notional 
Average FX Rate  

USD/HUF 
Notional 
Average FX Rate  

Other 

Interest rate swap 

HUF 

Notional 

- 
363.88 

(6) 
354.22 

35 
356.94 

200 
66.21 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
323.77 

(3) 
323.77 

3,345 

1,823 

3,093 

572 
355.93 

2,225 
73.08 

11,200 
4.15 

4,500 
2.79 

306 
323.77 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

601 

2,425 

11,200 

4,500 

303 

8,261 

154 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47:  

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

c)  Types of hedge accounting [continued] 

Amount, timing and uncertainty of future cash flows – hedging instruments as at 31 December 2020 (in fx million) 

Type of 
hedge 

Type of risk 

Type of instrument 

Within one 
month 

Within three 
months and over 
one month 

Within one year 
and over three 
months 

Within five years 
and over one year 

More than 
five years 

Total 

Fair Value 
Hedge 

Interest rate 
risk 

Interest rate swap 

HUF 

Notional 
Average Interest Rate (%) 

EUR 

Notional 
Average Interest Rate (%) 

USD 

Notional 
Average Interest Rate (%) 

RUB 

Notional 
Average Interest Rate (%) 

Cross currency interest rate 
swap 

EUR/HUF 
Notional 
Average Interest Rate (%) 
Average FX Rate  

Fair Value 
Hedge 

Foreign 
exchange & 
Interest rate 
risk 

- 
- 

15 
(0.11)% 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

60,000 
1.31% 

5 
0.09% 

21 
2.00% 

- 
- 

(89,622) 
1.06% 

173,810 
1.35% 

144,188 

102 
0.24% 

171 
2.38% 

2,100 
7.38% 

10 
0.22% 

29 
2.35% 

- 
- 

132 

221 

2,100 

- 
(1.55)% 
311.08 

- 
(1.59)% 
310.95 

2 
(1.60)% 
310.82 

12 
(1.63)% 
310.14 

14 
(1.67)% 
308.15 

28 

155 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47:  

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

c)  Types of hedge accounting [continued] 

Amount, timing and uncertainty of future cash flows – hedging instruments as at 31 December 2020 (in fx million) [continued] 

Type of 
hedge 

Type of risk 

Type of instrument 

Within one 
month 

Within three 
months and over 
one month 

Within one year 
and over three 
months 

Within five years 
and over one year 

More than 
five years 

Total 

Fair Value 
Hedge 

Foreign 
exchange 
risk 

Cross currency interest rate 
swap 

EUR/HUF 
Notional 
Average FX Rate  

RON/HUF 
Notional 
Average FX Rate  

RUB/HUF 
Notional 
Average FX Rate  

Other 

Interest rate swap 

HUF 

Notional 

1 
360.19 

92 
354.92 

123 
360.47 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

613 
356.03 

1,550 
72.60 

4,100 
4.46 

(183) 

6,940 

8,342 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

829 

1,550 

4,100 

15,099 

156 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 47:  

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

c)  Types of hedge accounting [continued] 

As at 31 December 2021 is as follows: 

Type of 
hedge  

Type of 
instrument 

Type of 
risk 

Nominal 
amount of 
the hedging 
instrument 

Carrying amount of the hedging instrument as at 31 December 2021 

Line item in the consolidated 
statement of financial position 
where the hedging instrument 
is located 

Changes in fair value 
used for calculating 
hedge ineffectiveness 
for the year ended as 
at 31 December 2021 

Before netting 

Netting 

After netting   

Assets 

Liabilities 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Fair value 
hedge 

Interest rate 
swap 

Interest rate 
risk 

409,595 

23,986 

(17,908) 

12,131 

11,855 

(5,777)  Derivative financial instruments  

6,494 

designated as hedge accounting  

Cross-
currency swap 

FX & IR 
risk 

8,175 

- 

(2,375) 

Cross-
currency swap 

Interest rate 
swap 

FX risk 

566,936 

5,471 

(3,076) 

Other 

8,261 

1,431 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(2,375)  Derivative financial instruments 

4 

designated as hedge accounting  

5,471 

(3,076)  Derivative financial instruments 

(1,687) 

designated as hedge accounting  

1,431 

-  Derivative financial instruments  

designated as hedge accounting  

Fair value hedges total 

992,967 

30,888 

(23,359) 

12,131 

18,757 

(11,228) 

3 

4,814 

157 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 47:  

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

c)  Types of hedge accounting [continued] 

As at 31 December 2020 is as follows: 

Type of 
hedge  

Type of 
instrument 

Type of 
risk 

Nominal 
amount of 
the hedging 
instrument 

Carrying amount of the hedging instrument as at 31 December 2020 

Line item in the consolidated 
statement of financial position 
where the hedging instrument 
is located 

Changes in fair value 
used for calculating 
hedge ineffectiveness 
for the year ended as 
at 31 December 2020 

Before netting 

Netting 

After netting 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Fair value 
hedge 

Interest rate 
swap 

Interest rate 
risk 

468,574 

1,839 

(7,065) 

1,795 

44 

(5,270)  Derivative financial instruments  

Cross-currency 
swap 

FX & IR 
risk 

8,874 

- 

(1,615) 

Cross-currency 
swap 

Interest rate 
swap 

FX risk 

438,401 

6,246 

(4,456) 

Other 

16,224 

530 

- 

designated as hedge accounting  

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,615)  Derivative financial instruments 

designated as hedge accounting  

6,246 

(4,456)  Derivative financial instruments 

designated as hedge accounting  

530 

-  Derivative financial instruments  

designated as hedge accounting  

Fair value hedges total 

932,073 

8,615 

(13,136) 

1,795 

6,820 

(11,341) 

(370) 

(36) 

(809) 

2 

(1,213) 

158 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 47:  

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

c)  Types of hedge accounting [continued]  

As at 31 December 2021 is as follows: 

Type of hedge  

Type of risk  

Carrying amount of the 
hedged item as at 31 
December 2021 

Accumulated amount of fair value 
hedge adjustments on the hedged 
item included in the carrying amount 
of the hedged item for the year ended 
31 December 2021 

Assets  

Liabilities 

Assets  

Liabilities 

Line item in the consolidated 
statement of financial position in 
which the hedged item is included 

Fair value hedges 

 - Loans  

 - Loans  

Interest rate risk 

57,176 

- 

Interest rate risk 

- 

142,649 

 - Government bonds 
 - Government bonds 

Interest rate risk 
Interest rate risk 

 - Other securities 

Interest rate risk 

 - Loans  

 - Loans  
 - Government bonds 

 - Government bonds 
 - Other securities 
Fair value hedges total 

Foreign exchange & 
Interest rate risk 
Foreign exchange risk 
Foreign exchange risk 

Foreign exchange risk 
Other risk 

13,921 
152,830 

42,008 

101,934 
458,312 
12,811 

98,668 
- 
937,660 

637 

- 

(1,230) 
(22,457) 

318 

611 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
8,261 
150,910 

- 
- 
(22,121) 

-  Loans 

(16,858) 

Amounts due to banks, the  National 
Governments, deposits from the 

National Banks and other banks 

-  Securities at amortized cost 
-  Securities at fair value through  
other comprehensive income 
-  Securities at fair value through  
other comprehensive income 

(1,114)  Loans 
-  Loans 
-  Securities at fair value through  
other comprehensive income 

-  Securities at amortized cost 
(161)  Liabilities from issued securities 

(18,133) 

159 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 47:  

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

c)  Types of hedge accounting [continued]  

As at 31 December 2020 is as follows: 

Type of hedge  

Type of risk  

Fair value hedges 

 - Loans  
 - Loans  
 - Government bonds 
 - Government bonds 

Interest rate risk 
Interest rate risk 
Interest rate risk 
Interest rate risk 

 - Other securities 
 - Loans  

 - Loans  
 - Other securities 
Fair value hedges 
total 

Interest rate risk 
Foreign exchange & 
Interest rate risk 
Foreign exchange risk 
Other risk 

Carrying amount of the 
hedged item as at 31 
December 2020 

Accumulated amount of fair value 
hedge adjustments on the hedged 
item included in the carrying amount 
of the hedged item for the year ended 
31 December 2020 

Line item in the consolidated 
statement of financial position in 
which the hedged item is included 

Assets  

Liabilities 

Assets  

Liabilities 

35,256 
- 
8,678 
269,838 

47,560 

96,972 
303,572 
- 

- 
100,299 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
15,032 

1,679 
- 
(106) 
2,518 

781 

284 
- 
- 

-  Loans 
(235)  Loans 

-  Securities at amortized cost 
-  Securities at fair value through  
other comprehensive income 

-  Securities at fair value through  
other comprehensive income 

(1,634)  Loans 
-  Loans 

(528)  Liabilities from issued securities 

761,876 

115,331 

5,156 

(2,397) 

160 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47:  

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

c)  Types of hedge accounting [continued]  

Change in basis swap spread recognised in the consolidated other comprehensive income related fair value hedges as follows: 

Type of risk 

Carrying amount of the hedged item  

FX risk 

FX risk 

Assets  

Liabilities 

458,312 

12,811 
471,123 

- 

- 
- 

Type of risk 

Carrying amount of the hedged item  

Items recognised in the 
consolidated other comprehensive 
income for the 
year 2021 

Change in the items 
recognized in other 
comprehensive income 
for the year 2021 

Line item in the consolidated 
statement of financial position in 
which the hedged item is included 

(1,032) 

64 
(968) 

(1,681)  Loans at amortised cost 

 Securities at fair value through other 

comprehensive income 

- 
(1,681) 

Items recognised in the 
consolidated other comprehensive 
income for the 
year 2020 

Change in the items 
recognized in other 
comprehensive income 
for the year 2020 

Line item in the consolidated 
statement of financial position in 
which the hedged item is included 

FX risk 

Assets  

Liabilities 

303,572 
303,572 

- 
- 

713 
713 

-  Loans at amortised cost 
- 

On Group level there weren’t any cash-flow hedges for the year ended 31 December 2021 and 2020. 

According  to  the  strategic  direction  designated  by  the  Management  Committee,  a  decision  was  made  about  closing  in  accounting  meaning  the  former  EUR  310  million 
strategic open position which was presented at the end of 2019 in the  Consolidated Financial Statements, so at the end of 2020 regarding net investment hedges for foreign 
subsidiaries there aren’t any disclosure requirements to be presented. 

161 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

d)  Fair value levels 

Methods and significant assumptions used to determine fair value of the different levels of financial instruments: 

-  Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; 
-  Level  2:  inputs  other  than  quoted  prices  included  within  Level  1,  that  are  observable  for  the  asset  or 
liability either directly or indirectly. Fair value  measurements – in relation with instruments measured 
not at fair value – are categorized in level 2; 

-  Level  3:  inputs  for  the  asset  or  liability  that  are  not  based  on  observable  market  data  (unobservable 

inputs). 

The following table shows an analysis of financial instruments recorded at fair value by level of the fair value 
hierarchy: 

2021 

Total 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Financial assets at fair value  through profit or loss 

Trading securities at fair value through profit or loss 
Positive fair value of derivative  

financial assets held for trading 
Non-trading instruments mandatorily  
at fair value through profit or loss 

Securities at fair value through  
other comprehensive income 
Loans mandatorily measured at fair  

value through profit or loss 

Positive fair value of derivative financial  
assets designated as fair value hedge 

Financial assets measured at fair value total 
Financial liabilities designated at 
fair value through profit or loss 

Negative fair value of held-for-trading  

derivative financial liabilities 

Negative fair value of derivative financial  
liabilities designated as fair value hedge 

Financial liabilities measured  at fair value total 

341,397 

103,510 

90,877 

58,727 

227,153 

23,367 

44,777 

6 

184,484 

171 

174,143 

10,170 

53,403 

31,979 

8,233 

2,224,510 

910,324 

1,250,833 

13,1911 

63,3532 

1,068,111 

281 

- 

1,067,830 

18,757 
3,652,775 

- 
1,001,482 

18,757 
1,496,743 

- 
1,154,550 

41,184 

- 

- 

41,184 

202,716 

278 

202,438 

- 

11,228 
255,128 

- 
278 

11,228 
213,666 

- 
41,184 

1 The portfolio includes Visa C shares. 
2 The portfolio includes mainly HUF 55,476 million Ukrainian government bonds. 

162 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

d)  Fair value levels [continued] 

2020 

Total 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Financial assets at fair value  through profit or loss 

234,007 

62,472 

149,504 

22,031 

Trading securities at fair value through profit or loss 
Positive fair value of derivative  

financial assets held for trading 
Non-trading instruments mandatorily  
at fair value through profit or loss 

Financial assets designated  

at fair value through profit or loss 

Securities at fair value through  
other comprehensive income 
Loans mandatorily measured at fair  

value through profit or loss 

Positive fair value of derivative financial  
assets designated as fair value hedge 

Financial assets measured at fair value total 
Financial liabilities designated at 
fair value through profit or loss 

Negative fair value of held-for-trading  

derivative financial liabilities 

Negative fair value of derivative financial  
liabilities designated as fair value hedge 

Financial liabilities measured  at fair value total 

56,572 

30,333 

26,227 

12 

117,623 

388 

110,649 

6,586 

57,577 

31,751 

10,393 

15,4331 

2,235 

- 

2,235 

- 

2,136,709 

1,137,821 

941,982 

56,9062 

802,605 

1,089 

2,535 

798,981 

6,820 
3,180,141 

- 
1,201,382 

6,820 
1,100,841 

- 
877,918 

34,131 

- 

2,235 

31,896 

104,823 

1,386 

103,437 

- 

11,341 
150,295 

- 
1,386 

11,341 
117,013 

- 
31,896 

1 The portfolio includes mainly Visa C shares. 
2 The portfolio includes mainly HUF 46,124 million Albanian government bonds. 

163 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

d)  Fair value levels [continued] 

Movements in Level 3 financial instruments measured at fair value 

The following table shows a reconciliation of the opening and closing amount of Level 3 financial assets and liabilities which are recorded at fair value: 

2021 

Opening 
balance  

Purchase 
(+) 

Issuance 
/Disbursement 
(+)  

Settlement 
/ Close (-) 

Sale (-) 

FVA (+/-) 

Transfer 
(+/-) 

Fx effect / 
Revaluation 

Other 

Closing 
balance 

Trading securities at fair value 

through profit or loss 

Positive fair value of derivative  

financial assets held for trading 
Nont-trading securities mandatorily 
at fair value through profit or loss 

Securities at fair value through 
other comprehensive income 
Loans mandatorily measured at 

fair value through profit or loss 

Financial assets measured 

 at fair value total 

Financial liabilities 

designated at fair value 
through profit or loss 

Financial liabilities designated 

at fair value total 

12 

6,586 

15,433 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

390 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3,584 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(6) 

- 

6 

10,170 

(4,501) 

640 

(57) 

256 

1,030 

13,191 

56,906 

81,795 

- 

(5,544) 

(2,018) 

(91) 

(69,636) 

1,813 

128 

63,353 

798,981 

- 

333,931 

(41,038) 

- 

(24,044)1 

- 

- 

- 

1,067,830 

877,918 

81,795 

334,321 

(46,582) 

(6,519) 

(19,911) 

(69,693) 

2,069 

1,152 

1,154,550 

31,896 

31,896 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(7,223) 

(7,223) 

- 

- 

1,454 

1,454 

- 

- 

- 

- 

15,057 

41,184 

15,057 

41,184 

1 FVA change for the current year consists of HUF 16,289 million adjustment resulting from risk factors and HUF 7,755 million adjustment resulting from market factors. 

164 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

d)  Fair value levels [continued] 

Movements in Level 3 financial instruments measured at fair value [continued] 

The following table shows a reconciliation of the opening and closing amount of Level 3 financial assets and liabilities which are recorded at fair value: 

2020 

Opening 
balance  

Purchase 
(+) 

Issuance 
/Disbursement 
(+)  

Settlement 
/ Close (-) 

Sale (-) 

FVA (+/-) 

Transfer 
(+/-) 

Fx effect / 
Revaluation 

Other 

Closing 
balance 

Trading securities at fair value 

through profit or loss 

Positive fair value of derivative  

financial assets held for trading 
Nont-trading securities mandatorily 
at fair value through profit or loss 

Securities at fair value through 
other comprehensive income 
Loans mandatorily measured at 

fair value through profit or loss 

Financial assets measured 

 at fair value total 

Financial liabilities 

designated at fair value 
through profit or loss 

Financial liabilities designated 

fair value total 

- 

4,227 

8,155 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,204 

(5,043) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,359 

12 

- 

- 

- 

(862) 

9,961 

2,018 

59,695 

11,076 

- 

(9,398) 

(162) 

1,637 

(10,812) 

4,870 

493,207 

- 

333,908 

(21,397) 

- 

(6,737) 

- 

- 

565,284 

11,076 

335,112 

(35,838) 

(162) 

(3,603) 

(839) 

6,888 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

12 

6,586 

15,433 

56,906 

798,981 

877,918 

28,861 

28,861 

- 

- 

(1,689) 

(1,689) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,270) 

(1,270) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

5,994 

31,896 

5,994 

31,896 

165 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

d)  Fair value levels [continued] 

Valuation techniques and sensitivity analysis on Level 3 instruments 

Sensitivity analysis is performed on products with significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) to generate a range 
of reasonably possible alternative valuations. The sensitivity methodologies applied take account of the nature of 
the valuation techniques used, as well as the availability and reliability of observable proxy and historical date 
and the impact of using alternative models. 
The calculation is based on a range or spread data of reliable reference source or a scenario based on relevant 
market analysis alongside the impact of using alternative models. Sensitivities are calculated without reflecting 
the impact of any diversification in the portfolio. 

Unobservable inputs used in measuring fair value 

Type of financial 
instrument 

Valuation technique 

Significant unobservable input  Range of estimates 

VISA C shares 

Market approach combined with 
expert judgement. 

Discount applied due to illiquidity 
and litigation. 

MFB refinancing loans 
Subsidised personal 
loans 
Subsidised personal 
loans 
Subsidised personal 
loans 

Discounted cash flow model 

Probability of default 

Discounted cash flow model 

Probability of default 

Discounted cash flow model 

Operational costs 

Discounted cash flow model 

Demography 

for 
unobservable 
input 
+12% / (12%) 

+/- 20% 

+/- 20% 

+/- 20% 

Change in the cash 
flow estimation 

The effect of unobservable inputs on fair value measurement 

Although the Group believes that its estimates of fair value are appropriate, the use of different methodologies or 
assumptions could lead to different measurements of fair value. For fair value measurements in Level 3 changing 
the assumptions used to reasonably possible alternative assumptions would have the following effects. 

2021 

Unobservable inputs 

Fair values 

Effect on profit and loss 

Favourable 

Unfavourable 

Favourable 

Unfavourable 

VISA C shares 
Loans mandatorily 
 at fair value 
throuhg profit or loss 

Loans mandatorily 
 at fair value 
throuhg profit or loss 
Subsidised personal loans 
Subsidised personal loans 
Subsidised personal loans 
MFB refinancing loans 
Total 

Illiquidity 

6,704 

5,079 

813 

(813) 

Probability of default 

406,362 

405,266 

549 

(547) 

Operational costs 
Probability of default 
Operational costs 
Demography 
Probability of default 

412,868 
639,007 
647,292 
635,484 
19,218 
2,766,935 

399,020 
631,856 
623,934 
635,387 
18,972 
2,719,514 

7,054 
3,590 
11,875 
68 
123 
24,072 

(6,794) 
(3,561) 
(11,483) 
(29) 
(123) 
(23,350) 

166 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 47: 

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

d)  Fair value levels [continued] 

The effect of unobservable inputs on fair value measurement [continued] 

2020 

Unobservable inputs 

Fair values 

Effect on profit and loss 

Favourable 

Unfavourable 

Favourable 

Unfavourable 

VISA C shares 
Loans mandatorily 
 at fair value 
throuhg profit or loss 

Loans mandatorily 
 at fair value 
throuhg profit or loss 
Subsidised personal loans 
Subsidised personal loans 
Subsidised personal loans 
MFB refinancing loans 
Total 

Illiquidity 

6,324 

4,821 

751 

(751) 

Probability of default 

319,857 

316,251 

1,813 

(1,793) 

Operational costs 
Probability of default 
Operational costs 
Demography 
Probability of default 

324,845 
452,782 
464,974 
451,419 
24,876 
2,045,077 

311,525 
447,647 
436,194 
448,987 
24,690 
1,990,115 

6,801 
2,579 
14,772 
1,217 
93 
28,026 

(6,519) 
(2,555) 
(14,008) 
(1,215) 
(93) 
(26,934) 

The favourable and unfavourable effects of using reasonably possible alternative assumptions for the valuation 
of Visa C shares have been calculated by modifying the discount rate used for the valuation by +/-12% as being 
the best estimates of the management as at 31 December 2021 and 2020 respectively. 

In the case of Hungarian Development Bank (“MFB”) refinancing loans and subsidised personal loans the Bank 
calculated  the  favourable  and  unfavourable  effects  of  using  reasonably  possible  alternative  assumptions  by 
modifying the rates of probability of default by +/- 20% as one of the most significant unobservable input. 
In  case  of  subsidised  personal  loans  operational  cost  and  factors  related  to  demography  are  considered  as 
unobservable inputs to the applied fair value calculation model.  
The  Bank  calculated  the  favourable  and  unfavourable  effects  of  using  reasonably  possible  alternative 
assumptions by modifying the rates of operational costs by +/- 20% as one of the most significant unobservable 
inputs.  
Cash  flow  estimation  are  based  on  assumption  related  to  the  future  number  of  childbirths  performed  by  the 
debtors. According to the current assumptions 15% of the debtors will not fulfill the conditions of the subsidy 
determined by the government after 5 years (“breach of conditions”), thereby debtors will be obliged to pay back 
the  interest  subsidy  given  before.  Furthermore,  in  this  case  subsidised  loans  are  converted  to  loans  provided 
based on market conditions. Loans are prepaid by the government as part of the subsidy after the second and the 
third  childbirth  following  the  signatory  of  the  loan  contract.  The  Bank  calculated  the  favourable  and 
unfavourable  effects  of  using  reasonably  possible  alternative  assumptions  by  modifying  the  demographical 
assumption  of  breach  of  conditions  by  +/-  5%  as  the  most  significant  unobservable  input  in  the  cash  flow 
estimation. 

167 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 48: 

SEGMENT REPORTING BY BUSINESS AND GEOGRAPHICAL SEGMENTS (in   
HUF mn) 

The  Group  distinguishes  business  and  geographical  segments.  The  report  on  the  base  of  the  business  and 
geographical segments is reported below. 

The operations in the Slovakian segment and the Croatian insurance operation were discontinued. The segment 
information reported on the next pages does not include any amounts for these discontinued operations neither 
for this period nor for the previous year, which are described in more details in Note 49. 

The reportable segments of the Group on the base of IFRS 8 are as the follows: 
OTP  Core  Hungary,  Russia,  Ukraine,  Bulgaria,  Romania,  Serbia,  Croatia,  Montenegro,  Albania,  Moldova, 
Slovenia, Merkantil Group, Asset Management subsidiaries, Other subsidiaries and Corporate Center. 

OTP  Core  is  an  economic  unit  for  measuring  the  result  of  core  business  activity  of  the  Group  in  Hungary.  
Financials for OTP Core are calculated from the  partially  Consolidated Financial Statements of the companies 
engaged in the Group’s underlying banking operation in Hungary. These companies include OTP Bank Hungary 
Plc., OTP Mortgage Bank Ltd., OTP Building Society Ltd., OTP Factoring Ltd., OTP Financial Point Ltd., and 
companies  providing  intragroup  financing.  The  Bank  Employee  Stock  Ownership  Plan  Organization  was 
included from the  fourth quarter of 2016; OTP Card Factory  Ltd., OTP Facility Management Llc., Monicomp 
Ltd. and OTP Real Estate Lease Ltd. were included from the first quarter of 2017 (from the first quarter of 2019 
OTP Real Estate Lease Ltd. was eliminated from OTP Core); OTP Mobile Service Llc., OTP Ingatlanpont Llc. 
were  included  from  the  first  quarter  of  2019,  OTP  eBIZ  Ltd  from  the  first  quarter  of  2020  and  OTP  Home 
Solutions  Ltd.  was  included  from  the  second  quarter  of  2021.  The  consolidated  accounting  results  of  these 
companies are segmented into OTP Core and Corporate Centre. The latter is a virtual entity. 

Within the Group, the Corporate Centre acts as a virtual entity established by the equity investment of OTP Core 
for  managing the  wholesale  financing activity  for all the subsidiaries  within the Group  but outside OTP Core. 
Therefore the balance sheet of the Corporate Centre is funded by the equity and intragroup lending received from 
OTP Core, the intragroup lending received from other subsidiaries, and the subordinated debt and senior notes 
arranged by OTP under its running EMTN program. 

From this funding pool, the Corporate Centre is to provide intragroup lending to, and hold equity stakes in OTP 
subsidiaries  outside  OTP  Core.  Main  subsidiaries  financed  by  Corporate  Centre  are  as  follows:  Hungarians: 
Merkantil Bank Ltd, Merkantil Leasing Ltd, OTP Fund Management Ltd, OTP Real Estate Fund Management 
Ltd, OTP Life Annuity Ltd; foreigners: banks, leasing companies, factoring companies. 

The results of OTP Factoring Ukraine LLC, OTP Factoring SRL, OTP Factoring Bulgaria LLC, OTP Factoring 
Serbia  d.o.o.,  and  OTP  Debt  Collection  d.o.o.  (formerly  known  as:  OTP  Factoring  Montenegro  d.o.o.)  are 
included into the foreign banks segment. 

From the first quarter of 2019 Expressbank AD and its subsidiaries, OTP Leasing EOOD and Express Factoring 
EOOD (altogether: Express Group) were included into the Bulgarian operation, so from the first quarter of 2019 
the statement of recognized income and balance sheet of DSK Leasing AD was included into this segment too. 
The Bulgarian Expressbank AD merged with its parent DSK Bank AD in April 2020.   
The Serbian segment, OTP banka Srbija AD Beograd and Vojvodjanska Banka a.d. Novi Sad includes from the 
first quarter of 2019 the statements of profit or loss and financial positions of OTP Lizing d.o.o, OTP Services 
d.o.o.  and  from  the  third  quarter  of  2019  the  financial  position  of  the  newly  acquired  OTP  banka  Srbija  AD 
Beograd and from the fourth quarter of 2019 its statement of profit or loss too. OTP banka Srbija a.d. merged 
with its parent bank in April 2021. 
The  Montenegrin  segment,  Crnogorska  Komercijalna  Banka  a.d.  and  Podgoricka  banka  a.d.  includes  from  the 
third  quarter  of  2019  the  statement  of  profit  or  loss  and  financial  position  of  the  newly  acquired  Podgoricka 
banka a.d. In December 2020 Podgoricka banka a.d. merged into Crnogorska Komercijalna Banka a.d. 
In the  first quarter of 2019 the  Albanian, and from the  second half of  year 2019 the Moldovan and Slovenian 
segments were included as new segments in the consolidated segment report. 

The activities of the other subsidiaries are out of the leasing and fund management and factoring activity, such 
as:  OTP  Real  Estate  Ltd.,  OTP  Life  Annuity  Ltd,  OTP  Funds  Servicing  and  Consulting  Ltd.,  OTP  Building 
s.r.o., OTP Real Slovensko s.r.o. 

168 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 48: 

SEGMENT  REPORTING  BY  BUSINESS  AND  GEOGRAPHICAL  SEGMENTS  (in   
HUF mn) [continued] 

The reportable business and geographical segments of the Group are those components where: 

- 
- 
- 
- 

separated income and ex penses, assets and liabilities can be identified and assignable to the segments, 
transactions between the different segments were eliminated, 
the main decisive board of the Group regularly controls the operating results, 
separated financial information is available.  

Adjustments   

Goodwill / investment impairment and their tax saving effect: 

As at 31 December 2021 HUF 39,546 million impairment was booked on the investment in OTP Bank Romania 
S.A. on which HUF 3,559 million positive tax effect was recognized, HUF 9,906 million impairment release was 
booked on OTP Banka Srbija a.d. on which HUF 892 million negative tax effect was recognized, 16,628 million 
impairment release was booked on Crnogorska komercjalna banka a.d. on which HUF 1,496 million negative tax 
effect  was  recognized,  8,463  million  impairment  was  booked  on  Monicomp  Ltd.  on  which  HUF  763  million 
positive tax effect was recognized. 

As at 31 December 2020 HUF 9,841 million impairment was booked on the investment in OTP Bank Romania 
S.A. on which HUF 886 million positive tax effect was recognized.  

Special tax on financial institutions (after income tax):  

Special tax on financial institutions includes the special tax paid by the Hungarian financial institutions, the net 
present value effect of the one-off additional banking tax payable into the pandemic fund in 2020 (the payments 
are deductible from future banking taxes), the banking tax paid by the Romanian bank, subsidiary of OTP Group 
and as well as for 2020 the Slovakian banking levy. Besides, it also contained for 2020 the Slovakian Deposit 
Protection Fund contributions being introduced again in 2014, and the contribution into the Resolution Fund in 
Slovakia, too. 

Effect of acquisitions (after income tax):  

The following main items appear on this line: the negative goodwill related to acquisitions which improves the 
accounting result, integration costs of the newly acquired banks and other direct effects due to the acquisitions 
(such as customer base value amortisation) and effects related to the  sale of the Slovakian bank for the end of 
2020. 

Explanation to the segments in the following table below: 

2;  3;  8: The  segments  distinguished  by  geographical  basis  contain  banks  in  that  country  and  sometimes  other 
financial institutions (like leasing or factoring companies) or other companies. The incomes  mainly arises from 
providing financial services like: collecting deposits, granting loans, leasing and treasury activities, payment and 
investment services and other financial services. 
16:  Merkantil  Group,  is  responsible  for  Hungarian  leasing  activities,  originates  its  income  from  providing 
leasing services (financing cars and production equipment). 
17: Incomes arising in this segment is mainly fee income of fund management companies in Hungary, Bulgaria, 
Romania, Ukraine based on capital in investment funds or assets in funds. 
18:  The  activities  of  other  Hungarian  and  foreign  subsidiaries  are  very  divergent  so  the  incomes  can  be  also 
originated from different sources. The main part of the income in this segment comes from the activities of  OTP 
Funds Servicing and Consulting, OTP Real Estate and the investments of OTP Real Estate Fund Management 
and Portfolion Funds. 
19: Net interest income of Corporate Center includes interest expense on received resources and interest income 
on assets exposed.  

169 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 48: 

SEGMENT REPORTING BY BUSINESS AND GEOGRAPHICAL SEGMENTS  
(in HUF mn) [continued] 

Information regarding the Group’s reportable segments is presented below: 

As at 31 December 2021 

Main components of the consolidated statement of profit 
or loss in HUF million 

OTP Group - in the 
consolidated statement of 
profit or loss - structure of 
accounting reports 

Adjustments on the 
accounting in 
Recognized Income  

OTP Group - in the consolidated 
statement of profit or loss - 
structure of management reports 

OTP CORE 
(Hungary) 

Foreign banks in EU 
subtotal (without 
adjustments) 

DSK Bank AD 
(Bulgaria) 

OTP banka d.d. 
(Croatia) 

SKB Banka d.d. 
(Slovenia) 

OTP Bank Romania 
S.A. (Romania) 

a 

b 

1=a+b; 1= 2+3+8+15+19+20 

2 

3=4+…+7 

4 

5 

6 

7 

Net profit for the year from continued and  

discontinued operations 

Net profit for the year from discontinued operations 

Net profit for the year from continued opearations 

Adjustments (total) 

Dividends and net cash transfers (after income tax) 
Goodwill /investment impairment (after income tax) 

Bank tax on financial institutions (after income tax) 
Effect of acquisition (after income tax) 

Expected one-off negative effect of the debt repayment  

moratorium in Hungary (after income tax) 

Result of the treasury share swap agreement 

at OTP Core (after income tax) 

Consolidated adjusted net profit for the year  

Profit before income tax 

Adjusted operating profit 

Adjusted total income  

Adjusted net interest income 

Adjusted net profit 

 from fees and commissions 

Adjusted other net non-interest income  

Adjusted other administrative expenses 

Personnel expenses 

Depreciation and amortization 

Other general expenses 

Gains from derecognition of  

financial assets at amortized cost 

Modification loss 

Total risk costs 

Adjusted loss allowance on 

 loan and placement losses 

(without the effect of revaluation of FX) 

Other impairment (adjustment) 

Adjusted impairment under IAS 36 

Income tax 

Total Assets1 
Total Liabilities 

( ) used at: provisions, impairment and expenses 

456,428 
116 

456,312 

456,312 

528,435 

597,770 

1,345,382 

874,310 

442,174 

28,898 

(747,612) 

(340,684) 

(94,996) 

(311,932) 

1,885 

(13,672) 

(57,548) 

(47,645) 

(9,903) 

(9,903) 

(72,123) 

27,551,338 

24,516,618 

(40,475) 
729 
1,909 

(18,893) 
(15,506) 

(15,040) 

6,326 

44,071 

62,899 

61,589 

(33,290) 

9,702 

(116,626) 

73,634 

94,879 

483 

22,180 

72,216 

(1) 

10,131 

(8,820) 

7,809 

(16,629) 

437 

(18,828) 

- 

- 

456,428 
116 

456,312 
(40,475) 
729 
1,909 

(18,893) 
(15,506) 

(15,040) 

6,326 

500,383 

591,334 

659,359 

1,312,092 

884,012 

325,548 

102,532 

(652,733) 

(340,201) 

(72,816) 

(239,716) 

1,884 

(3,541) 

(66,368) 

(39,836) 

(26,532) 

(9,466) 

(90,951) 

213,378 

253,972 

256,151 

545,185 

369,309 

150,578 

25,298 

(289,034) 

(143,234) 

(36,926) 

(108,874) 

(1,598) 

(3,397) 

2,816 

4,910 

(2,094) 

70 

(40,594) 

131,309 

152,663 

178,192 

356,257 

237,745 

90,092 

28,420 

(178,065) 

(91,350) 

(16,383) 

(70,332) 

1,814 

(14) 

(27,329) 

(23,973) 

(3,356) 

(3,001) 

(21,354) 

76,789 

85,243 

106,240 

178,470 

112,869 

54,508 

11,093 

(72,230) 

(34,284) 

(7,160) 

(30,786) 

1,893 

- 

(22,890) 

(20,831) 

(2,059) 

(2,401) 

(8,454) 

33,446 

41,064 

43,421 

88,735 

60,933 

18,183 

9,619 

(45,314) 

(23,111) 

(4,392) 

(17,811) 

1,449 

- 

(3,806) 

318 

(4,124) 

(135) 

(7,618) 

16,822 

20,660 

19,595 

42,354 

27,673 

13,258 

1,423 

(22,759) 

(13,015) 

(1,350) 

(8,394) 

- 

(14) 

1,079 

1,833 

(754) 

- 

(3,838) 

4,252 

5,696 

8,936 

46,698 

36,270 

4,143 

6,285 

(37,762) 

(20,940) 

(3,481) 

(13,341) 

(1,528) 

- 

(1,712) 

(5,293) 

3,581 

(465) 

(1,444) 

27,551,338 

24,516,618 

14,205,354 

12,195,467 

10,075,267 

8,680,440 

4,627,132 

3,927,757 

2,576,445 

2,225,422 

1,433,206 

1,253,691 

1,438,484 

1,273,570 

1 Relating to the discontinued operations the assets were HUF 2,046 million. 

170 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 48: 

SEGMENT REPORTING BY BUSINESS AND GEOGRAPHICAL SEGMENTS  
(in HUF mn) [continued] 

Information regarding the Group’s reportable segments is presented below [continued]: 

As at 31 December 2021 [continued] 

Main components of the consolidated statement of profit 
or loss in HUF million [continued] 

Foreign banks 
not in EU 
subtotal 
(without 
adjustments) 

OTP banka 
Srbija a.d. 
(Serbia) 

OTP Bank 
JSC (Ukraine) 

JSC "OTP 
Bank" 
(Russia) and 
Touch Bank 

Crnogorska 
komercijalna 
banka a.d. 
(Montenegro) 

Banka OTP 
Albania SHA 
(Albania) 

OTP Bank 
S.A. 
(Moldova) 

Non-banking 
subsidiaries 
subtotal 

Merkantil 
Group 
(Hungary) 

Asset 
Management 
subsidiaries 

Other 
subsidiaries 

Corporate 
Centre 

Eliminations 
and 
adjustments 

8=9+…+14 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15=16+17+18 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

Net profit for the year from continued and  

discontinued operations 

Net profit for the year from discontinued operations 
Net profit for the year from continued opearations 

Adjustments (total) 

Dividends and net cash transfers (after income tax) 

Goodwill /investment impairment (after income tax) 
Bank tax on financial institutions (after income tax) 

Effect of acquisition (after income tax) 
Expected one-off negative effect of the debt repayment  

moratorium in Hungary (after income tax) 
Result of the treasury share swap agreement 

at OTP Core (after income tax) 

Consolidated adjusted net profit for the year  

Profit before income tax 

Adjusted operating profit 

Adjusted total income  

Adjusted net interest income 

Adjusted net profit 

 from fees and commissions 

Adjusted other net non-interest income  

Adjusted other administrative expenses 

Personnel expenses 

Depreciation and amortization 

Other general expenses 

Gains from derecognition of  

financial assets at amortized cost 

Modification loss 

Total risk costs 

Adjusted loss allowance on 

 loan and placement losses 
(without the effect of revaluation of FX) 

Other impairment (adjustment) 

Adjusted impairment under IAS 36 

Income tax 

Total Assets1 

Total Liabilities 

( ) used at: provisions, impairment and expenses 

124,272 

148,419 

183,171 

335,934 

252,782 

63,699 

19,453 

(152,763) 

(85,606) 

(13,966) 

(53,191) 

1,862 

(130) 

32,104 

35,714 

40,754 

83,493 

62,497 

14,410 

6,586 

(42,739) 

(22,569) 

(2,820) 

(17,350) 

554 

- 

(36,484) 

(5,594) 

(21,918) 

(14,566) 

(274) 

(24,147) 

(941) 

(4,653) 

(245) 

(3,610) 

5,183,118 

4,316,145 

2,224,715 

1,918,085 

39,025 

47,267 

54,761 

83,567 

62,051 

14,494 

7,022 

(28,806) 

(16,580) 

(2,131) 

(10,095) 

916 

(130) 

(8,280) 

(6,613) 

(1,667) 

(3) 

(8,242) 

983,557 

823,801 

37,624 

47,314 

62,368 

118,158 

91,364 

25,728 

1,066 

(55,790) 

(33,773) 

(6,263) 

(15,754) 

467 

- 

(15,521) 

(13,542) 

(1,979) 

24 

(9,690) 

799,965 

559,241 

4,139 

4,956 

10,240 

22,046 

16,553 

4,880 

613 

(11,806) 

(5,805) 

(1,461) 

(4,540) 

(31) 

- 

(5,253) 

677 

(5,930) 

(51) 

(817) 

513,522 

431,495 

5,521 

6,507 

7,212 

13,398 

10,619 

1,843 

936 

(6,186) 

(2,794) 

(559) 

(2,833) 

(33) 

- 

(672) 

(847) 

175 

1 

(986) 

5,859 

6,661 

7,836 

15,272 

9,698 

2,344 

3,230 

(7,436) 

(4,085) 

(732) 

(2,619) 

(11) 

- 

24,573 

27,831 

43,040 

85,568 

22,019 

26,456 

37,093 

(42,528) 

(20,628) 

(5,160) 

(16,740) 

(193) 

- 

(1,164) 

(15,016) 

(652) 

(512) 

- 

(802) 

(2,900) 

(12,116) 

(6,260) 

(3,258) 

350,848 

315,713 

310,511 

267,810 

1,322,717 

972,287 

7,998 

8,916 

11,961 

23,291 

20,680 

116 

2,495 

(11,330) 

(4,654) 

(1,428) 

(5,248) 

(193) 

- 

(2,852) 

(2,900) 

48 

179 

(918) 

782,222 

722,976 

6,321 

7,138 

7,141 

11,064 

4 

10,786 

274 

(3,923) 

(2,443) 

(231) 

(1,249) 

- 

- 

(3) 

- 

(3) 

(14) 

(817) 

27,753 

12,610 

10,254 

11,777 

23,938 

51,213 

1,335 

15,554 

34,324 

(27,275) 

(13,531) 

(3,501) 

(10,243) 

- 

- 

2,887 

3,000 

240 

1,260 

1,260 

- 

- 

(1,020) 

(95) 

(2) 

(923) 

- 

- 

(12,161) 

2,760 

- 

(12,161) 

(6,425) 

(1,523) 

- 

2,760 

- 

(113) 

3,964 

5,449 

(1,435) 

(12,112) 

897 

(5,277) 

(7,732) 

10,677 

712 

(380) 

10,345 

(1) 

- 

6,885 

4,045 

2,840 

(1) 

(1,485) 

512,742 

236,701 

3,109,369 

1,693,363 

(6,344,487) 

(3,341,084) 

1 Relating to the discontinued operations the assets were HUF 2,046 million. 

171 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 48: 

SEGMENT REPORTING BY BUSINESS AND GEOGRAPHICAL SEGMENTS  
(in HUF mn) [continued] 

Information regarding the Group’s reportable segments is presented below [continued]: 

As at 31 December 2020 

Main components of the consolidated statement of profit 
or loss in HUF million 

OTP Group - in the 
consolidated statement of 
profit or loss - structure of 
accounting reports 

Adjustments on the 
accounting in 
Recognized Income  

OTP Group - in the consolidated 
statement of profit or loss - 
structure of management reports 

OTP CORE 
(Hungary) 

Foreign banks in EU 
subtotal (without 
adjustments) 

DSK Group including 
Expressbank AD 
(Bulgaria) 

OTP banka Hrvatska 
d.d. (Croatia) 

SKB Banka 
(Slovenia) 

OTP Bank Romania 
S.A. (Romania) 

a 

b 

1=a+b; 1= 2+3+8+15+19+20 

2 

3=4+…+7 

4 

5 

6 

7 

Net profit for the year from continued and  

discontinued operations 

Net profit for the year from discontinued operations 
Net profit for the year from continued opearations 

Adjustments (total) 

Dividends and net cash transfers (after income tax) 
Goodwill /investment impairment (after income tax) 
Bank tax on financial institutions (after income tax) 
Effect of acquisition (after income tax) 
Impact of fines imposed by the Hungarian 

Competition Authority (after income tax) 

Expected one-off negative effect of the debt re- 

payment moratorium in Hungary (after income tax) 

Result of the treasury share swap agreement 

at OTP Core (after income tax) 

Consolidated adjusted net profit for the year  

Profit before income tax 

Adjusted operating profit 

Adjusted total income  

Adjusted net interest income 

Adjusted net profit 

 from fees and commissions 

Adjusted other net non-interest income  

Adjusted other administrative expenses 

Personnel expenses 

Depreciation and amortization 

Other general expenses 

Gains from derecognition of  

financial assets at amortized cost 

Modification loss 

Total risk costs 

Adjusted loss allowance on 

 loan and placement losses 
(without the effect of revaluation of FX) 

Other impairment (adjustment) 

Adjusted impairment under IAS 36 

Income tax 

Total Assets1 
Total Liabilities2 

( ) used at: provisions, impairment and expenses 

259,636 
5,590 

254,046 

254,046 

297,964 

516,439 

1,207,564 

782,671 

397,633 

27,260 

(691,125) 

(308,642) 

(92,761) 

(289,722) 

3,380 

(29,773) 

(192,082) 

(190,875) 

(1,207) 

(1,207) 

(43,918) 

23,329,771 

20,793,243 

(53,860) 
213 
886 
(17,365) 
(12,441) 

749 

(28,262) 

2,360 

57,072 

71,230 

37,538 

(37,646) 

5,408 

(104,523) 

61,469 

75,184 

(3,853) 

22,475 

56,562 

62 

29,543 

4,087 

32,454 

(28,367) 

720 

(14,158) 

- 

- 

1  Relating to the discontinued operations the assets were HUF 6,070 million. 
2 Relating to the discontinued operations the liabilities were HUF 5,486 million. 

259,636 
5,590 

254,046 
(53,860) 
213 
886 
(17,365) 
(12,441) 

749 

(28,262) 

2,360 

311,118 

369,194 

553,977 

1,169,918 

788,079 

293,110 

88,729 

(615,941) 

(312,495) 

(70,286) 

(233,160) 

3,442 

(230) 

(187,995) 

(158,421) 

(29,574) 

(487) 

(58,076) 

23,329,771 

20,793,243 

156,273 

189,373 

197,720 

453,635 

286,448 

130,470 

36,717 

(255,915) 

(125,949) 

(35,935) 

(94,031) 

(669) 

- 

(7,678) 

2,374 

(10,052) 

(30) 

(33,100) 

11,492,949 

9,726,310 

69,777 

78,603 

161,700 

335,709 

230,280 

76,486 

28,943 

(174,009) 

(85,252) 

(16,447) 

(72,310) 

2,790 

(20) 

(85,867) 

(78,450) 

(7,417) 

(441) 

(8,826) 

9,125,249 

7,883,344 

42,735 

46,442 

89,774 

166,667 

111,239 

45,453 

9,975 

(76,893) 

(34,033) 

(8,385) 

(34,475) 

1,778 

- 

(45,110) 

(44,875) 

(235) 

(278) 

(3,707) 

15,466 

18,237 

40,329 

84,907 

58,199 

16,093 

10,615 

(44,578) 

(21,772) 

(4,098) 

(18,708) 

637 

- 

(22,729) 

(19,491) 

(3,238) 

(9) 

(2,771) 

10,126 

12,565 

19,787 

40,388 

28,103 

11,127 

1,158 

(20,601) 

(12,060) 

(1,296) 

(7,245) 

482 

(20) 

(7,684) 

(6,244) 

(1,440) 

- 

(2,439) 

1,450 

1,359 

11,810 

43,747 

32,739 

3,813 

7,195 

(31,937) 

(17,387) 

(2,668) 

(11,882) 

(107) 

- 

(10,344) 

(7,840) 

(2,504) 

(154) 

91 

4,283,625 

3,663,247 

2,325,669 

1,997,504 

1,353,772 

1,187,648 

1,162,183 

1,034,945 

172 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 48: 

SEGMENT REPORTING BY BUSINESS AND GEOGRAPHICAL SEGMENTS  
(in HUF mn) [continued] 

Information regarding the Group’s reportable segments is presented below [continued]: 

As at 31 December 2020 [continued] 

Main components of the consolidated statement of profit 
or loss in HUF million [continued] 

Foreign banks 
not in EU 
subtotal 
(without 
adjustments) 

Vojvodjanska 
banka a.d. + 
OTP Banka 
Srbija AD. 
Beograd  
(Szerbia) 

OTP Bank 
JSC (Ukraine) 

JSC "OTP 
Bank" 
(Russia) and 
Touch Bank 

Crnogorska 
komercijalna 
banka a.d. + 
Podgorička 
banka AD 
(Montenegro) 

Banka OTP 
Albania SHA 
(Albania) 

Mobiasbanca - 
OTP Group 
S.A. 
(Moldova) 

Non-banking 
subsidiaries 
subtotal 

Merkantil 
Bank 
(Hungary) 

Asset 
Management 
subsidiaries 

Other 
subsidiaries 

Corporate 
Centre 

Eliminations 
and 
adjustments 

8=9+…+14 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15=16+17+18 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

Net profit for the year from continued and  

discontinued operations 

Net profit for the year from discontinued operations 

Net profit for the year from continued opearations 

Adjustments (total) 

Dividends and net cash transfers (after income tax) 
Goodwill /investment impairment (after income tax) 

Bank tax on financial institutions (after income tax) 
Effect of acquisition (after income tax) 

Impact of fines imposed by the Hungarian 

Competition Authority (after income tax) 

Expected one-off negative effect of the debt re- 

payment moratorium in Hungary (after income tax) 

Result of the treasury share swap agreement 

at OTP Core (after income tax) 

Consolidated adjusted net profit for the year  

Profit before income tax 

Adjusted operating profit 

Adjusted total income  

Adjusted net interest income 

Adjusted net profit 

 from fees and commissions 

Adjusted other net non-interest income  

Adjusted other administrative expenses 

Personnel expenses 

Depreciation and amortization 

Other general expenses 

Gains from derecognition of  

financial assets at amortized cost 

Modification loss 

Total risk costs 

Adjusted loss allowance on 

 loan and placement losses 

(without the effect of revaluation of FX) 

Other impairment (adjustment) 

Adjusted impairment under IAS 36 

Income tax 

Total Assets1 
Total Liabilities2 

61,048 

74,113 

164,960 

317,872 

243,868 

58,670 

15,334 

(152,912) 

(83,401) 

(13,054) 

(56,457) 

1,298 

(210) 

7,739 

8,896 

35,899 

79,001 

59,514 

14,766 

4,721 

(43,102) 

(21,652) 

(3,181) 

(18,269) 

440 

- 

26,815 

32,300 

42,030 

67,385 

48,581 

13,540 

5,264 

(25,355) 

(14,535) 

(1,362) 

(9,458) 

921 

(210) 

18,205 

23,297 

65,068 

123,198 

99,872 

22,503 

823 

(58,130) 

(34,139) 

(5,855) 

(18,136) 

1,888 

- 

(91,935) 

(27,443) 

(10,441) 

(43,659) 

(78,260) 

(13,675) 

(989) 

(13,065) 

(22,170) 

(5,273) 

(251) 

(1,157) 

4,484,527 

3,768,384 

2,052,332 

1,779,286 

(6,286) 

(4,155) 

(39) 

(5,485) 

729,012 

611,941 

(41,160) 

(2,499) 

79 

(5,092) 

688,980 

505,578 

3,413 

3,715 

8,352 

22,095 

17,188 

4,446 

461 

(13,743) 

(6,681) 

(1,479) 

(5,583) 

(894) 

- 

(3,743) 

1,656 

2,145 

5,904 

11,597 

9,824 

1,278 

495 

(5,693) 

(2,565) 

(475) 

(2,653) 

(304) 

- 

(3,455) 

3,220 

3,760 

7,707 

14,596 

8,889 

2,137 

3,570 

(6,889) 

(3,829) 

(702) 

(2,358) 

(753) 

- 

(3,194) 

(3,434) 

(2,515) 

(2,695) 

(309) 

(457) 

(302) 

(940) 

(301) 

(489) 

(499) 

(20) 

(540) 

25,792 

28,445 

28,889 

59,158 

19,020 

25,212 

14,926 

(30,269) 

(12,418) 

(3,110) 

(14,741) 

(38) 

- 

(406) 

(1,487) 

1,081 

549 

(2,653) 

477,676 

401,119 

286,606 

257,826 

249,921 

212,634 

1,118,927 

842,473 

7,623 

8,579 

10,279 

21,283 

17,688 

40 

3,555 

(11,004) 

(4,297) 

(1,666) 

(5,041) 

(38) 

- 

(1,662) 

(1,491) 

(171) 

(79) 

(956) 

667,120 

614,566 

9,824 

10,749 

10,765 

15,248 

5 

14,883 

360 

(4,483) 

(2,853) 

(197) 

(1,433) 

- 

- 

(16) 

- 

(16) 

- 

(925) 

8,345 

9,117 

7,845 

22,627 

1,327 

10,289 

11,011 

(14,782) 

(5,268) 

(1,247) 

(8,267) 

- 

- 

1,272 

4 

1,268 

628 

(772) 

(569) 

(526) 

(526) 

419 

419 

- 

- 

(945) 

(91) 

(2) 

(852) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(43) 

(1,203) 

(814) 

1,234 

3,125 

8,044 

2,272 

(7,191) 

(1,891) 

(5,384) 

(1,738) 

5,231 

61 

- 

(2,109) 

(2,598) 

489 

424 

(389) 

35,584 

17,052 

416,223 

210,855 

2,865,511 

1,504,289 

(5,757,392) 

(2,931,557) 

1 Relating to the discontinued operations the assets were HUF 6,070 million. 
2 Relating to the discontinued operations the liabilities were HUF 5,486 million. 

173 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
                                                           
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 49: 

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (in HUF mn) 

The Serbian Pevec d.o.o. Beograd company as the investment of OTP Factoring Ltd. was classified as asset held-
for-sale by the Group as at 31 December, 2021. This investment was not revalued in the  Consolidated Financial 
Statements. Classification as asset held-for-sale was needed due to the purchase agreement had been concluded 
already in 2021 for the real estates in the ownership of Pevec. In 2022, the purchase price was paid out and the 
transfer of ownership happened. The purchase price of the real estate was EUR 9,928,667, the estimated value of 
those  real  estates  which  weren’t  sold  was  defined  in  the  amount  of  EUR  300,000  according  to  their  present 
condition by a value assessment in January 2021. 

Assets classified as held-for-sale 
Equity instrument as at fair value through other 

comprehensive income 

2021 

2,046 

- 

2020 

- 

2,046 

On  31  December  2020,  the  Group  classifies  the  operations  of  its  Croatian  subsidiary,  OTP  Osiguranje  d.d.  as 
disposal groups classified as held-for-sale. The classification was needed because there is intention for the sale.  

These  operations,  which  are  expected  to  be  sold  within  12  months,  have  been  classified  as  a  discontinued 
operation, so the assets, liabilities of these  discontinued operations and their losses are presented separately in 
both the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position and Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss.  

The major classes of assets and liabilities comprising the operations classified as held for sale are as follows: 
2020 

2021 

Cash, amounts due from banks and balances  

with the National Banks 

Placements with other banks, net of  

loss allowance for placements, net of repo receivables 

Non-trading instruments mandatorily  
at fair value through profit or loss 

Securities at fair value through  
other comprehensive income 

Securities at amortized cost 
Tangible assets on net value 
Right-of-use assets on net value 
Other assets on net value 

Non-current assets and disposal group  

classified as held-for-sale 

Leasing liabilities 
Other liabilities 

Disposal group liabilities classified as held-for-sale 

Income 
Expense 

Profit before income tax 

Income tax expense of OTP Osiguranje d.d. 

Gain from non-current assets and disposal group 

classified as held-fo-sale  

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

2021 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

2 

244 

1,188 

3,410 
1,031 
92 
42 
61 

6,070 

44 
5,442 
5,486 

2020 

1,548 
(1,334) 
214 
(15) 

199 

The Croatian insurance company cash-flow contributed to the Group’s operating activity with HUF 431 million, 
to  the  Group’s  investing  activity  with  HUF  327  million,  and  in  respect  of  the  Group’s  financing  activity  with 
HUF 232 million which were modified by the eliminations during the consolidation by HUF (988) million as at 
31 December 2020. 

174 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 49: 

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (in HUF mn) [continued] 

The  financial  transaction  regarding  the  sale  of  the  Slovakian  subsidiary  was  closed,  presented  in  those 
Consolidated Financial Statements for the end of 2020 as discontinued operations. 

The results of the discontinued operations, which have been included in the profit for the previous year, were as 
follows: 

Income 
Expense 

Profit before income tax 

Income tax expense of OTP Banka Slovensko a.s. 
Realized gain of the sale of  
OTP Banka Slovensko a.s. 

Income tax effect of the discontinued operation 
Gain from sale of the Slovakian subsidiary     

2021 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

2020 

15,503 
(17,216) 
(1,713) 
(142) 

7,887 
(641) 
5,391 

The  Slovakian  subsidiary  bank  cash-flow  contributed  to  the  Group’s  operating  activity  with  HUF  (8,231) 
million,  to  the  Group’s  investing  activity  with  HUF  (9,653)  million,  and  in  respect  of  the  Group’s  financing 
activity  with  HUF  86,281  million  which  were  modified  by  the  eliminations  during  the  consolidation  by  HUF 
(67,767) million as at 31 December 2020. 

NOTE 50: 

SIGNIFICANT EVENTS DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

1)  Term Note Program 

See details in Note 21. 

2)  Purchase of new bank in Albania 

On  6  December  2021,  OTP  Bank  signed  an  acquisition  agreement  with  Alpha  International  Holdings  Single 
Member  S.A.  on  purchasing  100%  shareholding  of  Alpha  Bank  SH.A.,  the  Albanian  subsidiary  of  the  Greek 
Alpha Bank S.A. The purchase price has been agreed at Euro 55 million. With a total asset-based market share 
of almost 5%, Alpha Bank is the 8th largest bank on the Albanian banking market, and as a universal bank it has 
been active in the retail and corporate segment as well. The financial closing of the transaction is expected by the 
end of the second quarter of 2022 subject to obtaining all the necessary regulatory approvals 

3)  Potential acquisition of majority stake in Uzbek Ipoteka Bank 

On  29  September  2021,  OTP  Bank  signed  a  non-binding  Memorandum  of  Agreement  regarding  the  potential 
acquisition  of  the  majority  stake  of  Ipoteka  Bank  and  its  subsidiaries  with  the  Ministry  of  Finance  of  the 
Republic of Uzbekistan. Ipoteka Bank is the fifth largest bank in Uzbekistan, with a market share of 8.5% based 
on total assets at the end of July 2021, with more than 1.2 million retail customers and a large corporate clientele.  

4)  Purchase of new bank in Slovenia 

On 31 May 2021, OTP Bank signed a share sale and purchase agreement on purchasing 100% shareholding of 
Nova  KBM  d.d.  and  its  subsidiaries,  which  are  80%  owned  by  funds  managed  by  affiliates  of  Apollo  Global 
Management, Inc. and 20% by EBRD. With a market share of 20.5% by total assets as of December 2020, Nova 
KBM d.d. is the 2nd largest bank in the Slovenian banking market and as a universal bank it has been active in 
the  retail  and  corporate  segments  as  well.  The  financial  closing  of  the  transaction  is  estimated  in  the  second 
quarter of 2022 subject to obtaining all the necessary regulatory approvals. 

175 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 50: 

SIGNIFICANT EVENTS DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 
[continued] 

5)  Closure of the sale of OTP Osiguranje d.d. 

On 31  August 2021, the Croatian  OTP Osiguranje d.d transaction  was  financially closed, as a result of  which 
Groupama  Biztosító  Zrt.  has  acquired  100%  ownership  of  the  insurance  company  from  OTP  Banka  d.d.,  the 
Croatian subsidiary of OTP Bank. 

6)  The discontinuance of the international arbitration proceedings 

On 30 June 2021, OTP Bank Plc. has jointly with the  Republic of Croatia requested the discontinuance of the 
international  arbitration  proceedings  -  registered  on  16th  October  2020  relating  to  mandatory  exchange  of  FX 
loans and FX based consumer loans - from the Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID), due to the 
fact that the parties have resolved their disputes by way of mutual consent. The ICSID Secretary has on 30 June 
2021  acknowledged  receipt  of  the  joint  claim  of  the  contending  parties  relating  the  discontinuance  of  the 
proceedings. According to the request of the parties, ICSID formerly confirmed the termination of the litigation 
during 2021. 

7)  Termination of ICES bonds and repurchase of OTP shares 

See details in Note 27. 

8)  Resolutions made at OTP Bank’s Extraordinary General Meeting 

The Extraordinary General Meeting hold on 15 October, 2021 resolved that, the Bank had sold its treasury shares 
on  the  stock  exchange  to  those  two  Special  Employee  Stock  Ownership  Program  organizations  having  been 
established by the Bank employees (“OTP SECOP I.” and “OTP SECOP II.”). 

The  Extraordinary  General  Meeting  decided  that  if  additional  SECOP  organisations  would  be  initiated,  those 
would  be  given  one-off  support  on  a  yearly  basis,  under  defined  conditions,  defined  extent  and  in  specified 
manner. 

9)  Interest benchmark reform 

The Group was actively involved in industry efforts supporting transition to IBOR alternatives. The Group has 
taken  extensive  steps  to  prepare  for  the  discontinuation  of  IBORs  and  worked  closely  with  clients  to  ensure 
awareness and support transition activities.  As the  transition is complex, time-consuming process and relevant 
for  the  whole  Group,  the  management  of  Group  has  evaluated  the  impacts  of  the  interest  rate  benchmarks 
reform,  preparing  itself  for  the  transition  through  a  dedicated  internal  group-wide  project.  As  LIBOR’s  five 
currencies  (USD,  GBP,  EUR,  JPY  and  CHF)  and  EONIA  will  be  replaced  by  Risk  Free  Rates  –  which  are 
different in nature compared to IBOR rates – OTP Group has implemented the relevant rates into the IT systems, 
and reached out the clients. The Group’s priority was to ensure that the Group can continue to offer clients the 
products and  services they  need,  while also  supporting them in the transition to the new  alternative Risk Free 
Rates. 

During the  IBOR reform the Group identified several risks at the beginning of 2021, which the project had to 
manage and monitor closely. These risks include but are not limited to the following: 

  The abolution of LIBOR affected several transactions that may require automated IT solitions, 
  The  new  reference  rates  are  different  in  nature  from  LIBOR  that  cause  difficulties  to  settle  the  value 

 

differencies with the customers, 
It  was  necessary  to  implement  new  processes  not  to  develop  LIBOR  based  products,  and  to  develop  a 
strategy for removing or modifying the affected products handled by the Group, 

176 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 50: 

SIGNIFICANT EVENTS DURING THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 
[continued] 

9)  Interest benchmark reform [continued] 

  After the termination of LIBOR, the Group has to act under the "Fallback clauses", the clauses that regulate 
the  replacement  of  the  reference  interest  rates  in  the  contract  and  the  use  of  an  alternative  interest  as  a 
reference. The  content of these  clauses needs to be  clearly defined and checked from a  business point of 
view, ie which reference interest rate will be applied instead of LIBOR for the given contract and whether it 
is  commercially  appropriate. In  defining  the  fallback  clauses,  efforts  had  to  be  made  to  provide  a  viable 
alternative to the termination of LIBOR that would not result in a business loss for the Group.  

  Legal  risks  related  to  the  termination  of  LIBOR.  Such  risks  can  arise  when  Fallback  clauses  are  not 
included  in  the  contracts,  or  the  law  governing  the  contract  doesn’t  contain  a  statutory  reference  rate.  In 
these cases the contracts can be cancelled due to impossibility or  the termination by either party. 
  Missing of contractual interest rates can result in settlement disputes, compensation cases or litigation. 
  Business risks of the  termination of LIBOR. The most significant of these are: 

 

the law governing the contract can set the applicable interest rate that can be result in a bussiness loss 
for the Group, 

  obussiness loss due to negative customer experience, 
  ooperational risk, when several unique contracts must be handled in a short time. 

Terminating interest rates () 

Alternative Reference Rates 

LIBOR USD* (1 week and 2 months settings), FedFund Rate 
LIBOR GBP 
LIBOR JPY 
LIBOR EUR 
LIBOR CHF** 
EONIA 
*  The  following  USD  LIBOR  settings  will  be  terminated  after  June  30,  2023:  overnight  and  1,  3,  6  and  12  Months.  The  affected  USD 
LIBOR contracts will be handled on an ongoing basis until the remaining USD LIBOR settings’ cessation date. 
**In  the  case  of  CHF  LIBOR,  OTP  Bank acts  in accordance  with the implementing  regulation  of  the  European Commission  (https://eur-
lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=PI_COM:C(2021)7488&from=EN). 

SOFR 
SONIA 
TONA 
EURIBOR 
SARON 
€STR 

Amounts effected by IBOR reform as at 31 December 2021 

Reference rate 

Type of the contract 

Nominal value of the 
contract 

Pieces of contracts 

USD LIBOR 
USD LIBOR 
USD LIBOR 
Other LIBOR 
Other LIBOR 
Other LIBOR 
Other LIBOR 
Total 

Loan 
Deposit 
Derivatives 
Loan 
Deposit 
Derivatives 
Bonds (assets) 

158,747 
13,851 
699,066 
75,060 
25,864 
25,464 
13,162 
1,011,214 

2,747 
27 
170 
3,853 
98 
4 
3 
6,902 

The  above  LIBOR-based  amounts  outstanding  as  at  31  December  2021  will  be  managed  at  the  first  interest 
period in 2022 therefore they do not cause a risk to  he Bank or to  the customers 

177 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 51: 

POST BALANCE SHEET EVENTS  

1)  Decision in Slovenia about distribution of foreign exchange risk concerning loan agreement in Swiss 

francs 

On  2  February  2022,  the  Slovenian  Parliament  passed  the  "Law  on  limitation  and  distribution  of  foreign 
exchange risk between creditors and borrowers concerning loan agreements in Swiss francs" (the "Law"). 

The Law affects all loan agreements denominated in Swiss francs between 28 June 2004 and 31 December 2010. 
The law sets a currency cap that is activated by more than 10% change of the exchange rate between the CHF 
and EUR from  the day of drawing of the  loan. During the  period of validity of the currency cap, the  value of 
instalments and other payments is equal to the amount at which the currency cap limit was established. The law 
requires creditors to calculate the remaining debt, prepare a new annuity plan and prepare a draft contract on the 
regulation of mutual relations. In the event of overpayment, the lender is obliged to reimburse the borrower the 
default  interest,  which  runs  from  the  date  of  occurrence  of  the  overpayment  to  the  date  of  payment  of  the 
overpayment. 

2)  Ukrainian-Russian conflict 

In the second half of February 2022 the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine escalated 
It  is  difficult  to  quantify  the  effect  of  the  Ukrainian-Russian  conflict  regarding  the  Ukrainian  and  the  Russian 
operations,  the  possible  scenarios  are  covering  a  wide  range  of  spectrum.  According  to  the  worst  possible 
scenario, the Bank may lose its control over its investments, which under extreme conditions could result in the 
full write-off of the invested amount. These Consolidated Financial Statements do not contain any write-offs as 
possible consequences of the Ukrainian-Russian conflict, the Group recognizes it as not adjusting, post balance 
sheet event.  

Ukraine 

OTP  Group’s  Ukrainian  operation  incorporates  the  Ukrainian  bank,  as  well  as  the  leasing  and  factoring 
companies.  The  country-consolidated  Ukrainian  total  assets  represented  HUF  984  billion  at  the  end  of  2021 
(3.6% of total consolidated assets), while net loans comprised HUF 614 billion (3.9% of consolidated net loans) 
and shareholders’ equity HUF 160 billion (5.3% of the consolidated total equity). At the end of 2021 the book 
value of the capital investment in the Ukrainian subsidiaries comprised HUF 105 billion; there was no goodwill 
at all, it was already written down entirely in 2014. 
The  gross  intragroup  funding  towards  the  Ukrainian  operation  represented  HUF  72  billion,  and  taking  into 
account  the  Ukrainian  deposits  placed  with  the  HQ,  i.e.  the  net  group  funding  represented  HUF  29  billion 
equivalent. According to the 28 February 2022 figures, the gross funding amounted to HUF 75 billion equivalent 
and the net intragroup funding stood at HUF 9 billion equivalent. 
The Ukrainian sub-consolidated RWA (“risk-weighted asset”) was HUF 1,115 billion by the end of 2021 (6.7% 
of the total consolidated RWA). 
The  consolidated  maximum  capital  effect  on  the  potential  write-off  of  the  Ukrainian  operation,  taking  into 
account the equity, the intragroup funding and the Ukrainian risk weighted assets, is estimated at 27 bps on the 
consolidated CET1 ratio, according to year-end figures. 
The  Ukrainian  operation  posted  HUF  39.0  billion  adjusted  profit  in  2021  which  represented  7.9%  of  OTP 
Group’s adjusted annual profit. 

Russia 

The  total  assets  of  the  Group’s  Russian  operation  represented  HUF  800  billion  at  the  end  of  2021  (2.9%  of 
consolidated  total  assets),  while  net  loans  comprised  HUF  621  billion  (3.9%  of  consolidated  net  loans)  and 
shareholders’ equity HUF 241 billion (7.9% of consolidated total equity). At the end of 2021 the book value of 
the  capital  investment  in  the  Russian  subsidiaries  comprised  directly  HUF  74  billion  and  indirectly  HUF  50 
billion.  
The gross intragroup funding towards the Russian operation represented HUF 73 billion, and taking into account 
the  Russian  deposits  placed  with  the  Headquarter,  i.e.  the  net  group  funding  represented  HUF  14  billion 
equivalent.  On  28  February  2022  the  gross  intragroup  funding  reached  HUF  52  billion  equivalent,  which 
equalled  the  net  figure  because  there  was  no  deposit  placement  by  the  Russian  operation  at  other  Group 
members. 
The  Russian  sub-consolidated  RWA  was  HUF  822  billion  by  the  end  of  2021  (4.9%  of the  total  consolidated 
RWA). 

178 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK PLC 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

NOTE 51: 

POST BALANCE SHEET EVENTS [continued] 

2)  Ukrainian-Russian conflict [continued] 

Russia [continued] 

The consolidated capital maximum effect on the potential write-off of the Russian operation, taking into account 
the  equity,  the  intragroup  funding  and  the  Russian  risk  weighted  assets,  is  estimated  at  116  bps  on  the 
consolidated CET1 ratio, according to year-end figures. 
The Russian operation posted HUF 37.6 billion adjusted profit in 2021 which represented 7.9% of OTP Group’s 
adjusted annual profit. 
Although  the  impact  of  the  Russian-Ukrainian  conflict  on  the  Group’s  Russian  and  Ukrainian  operations  is 
currently difficult to quantify, and as such uncertain, based on the current estimation of the Bank’s Management 
the  Ukrainian-Russian  conflict  does  not  have  considerably  negative  impact  on  the  business  activity,  financial 
position, efficiency, liquidity and capital position of OTP Bank. Even after the recognition of the potential losses 
and write-offs outlined above, the Group's capital adequacy remains above the expected regulatory level. There 
is no sign of significant uncertainties having been arisen regarding carrying out its business as a going concern. 
The Bank’s Management is monitoring the situation of the Ukrainian-Russian conflict continuously and will take  
the necessary steps in order to moderate the business risk. 

179 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTHER INFORMATIONS 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

OTHER INFORMATIONS 

OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE OF OTP BANK PLC. 

Description of owner 

Domestic institution/company 
Foreign institution/company 
Domestic individual 
Foreign individual 
Employees, senior officers 
Treasury shares2 
Government held owner 
International Development Institutions 
Other3 
TOTAL 

1 January 2021 

31 December 2021 

Total equity 

Ownership 
share 
20.93%
71.60%
4.79%
0.11%
0.85%
1.55%
0.08%
0.04%
0.04%
100.00%

Voting 
rights1 

21.26%
72.73%
4.87%
0.12%
0.87%
0.00%
0.08%
0.04%
0.04%
100.00%

Quantity 

58,605,628
200,480,153
13,424,090
319,346
2,393,390
4,334,140
219,800
108,981
114,482
280,000,010

Ownership 
share  

Voting 
rights 1 

26.66%
66.69%
4.57%
0.11%
0.69%
1.16%
0.07%
0.04%
0.00%
100.00%

26.97% 
67.47% 
4.63% 
0.12% 
0.70% 
0.00% 
0.07% 
0.04% 
0.00% 
100.00% 

Quantity 

74,637,180
186,733,858
12,805,389
319,712
1,941,018
3,251,484
188,326
120,871
2,172
280,000,010

1 Voting rights in the General Meeting of the Issuer for participation in decision-making.  
2 Treasury shares do not include the OTP shares held by ESOP (OTP Bank Employee Stock Ownership Plan Organization). Pursuant to Act V of 2013 on 
the Civil Code, OTP shares held by the ESOP are not classified as treasury shares, but the ESOP must be consolidated in accordance with IFRS 10 
Consolidated Financial Statements standard. On 31 December 2021 ESOP owned 7,656,897 OTP shares. 

3 Non-identified shareholders according to the shareholders’ registry. 

NUMBER OF TREASURY SHARES HELD IN THE YEAR UNDER REVIEW (2021) 

OTP Bank  
Subsidiaries 
TOTAL 

1 January 
4,334,140 
0 
4,334,140 

31 March
4,330,609
0
4,330,609

30 June
1,120,786
0
1,120,786

30 September 
1,077,322 
0 
1,077,322 

31 December
3,251,484
0
3,251,484

SHAREHOLDERS WITH OVER/AROUND 5% STAKE AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2021 

Name 

Nationality1

Activity2 

MOL (Hungarian Oil and Gas Company Plc.)  
KAFIJAT Group  
KAFIJAT Ltd. 
MGTR Alliance Ltd. 

Groupama Group 

Groupama Gan Vie SA 
Groupama Biztosító Ltd. 

D 
D 
D 
D 
F/D 
F 
D 

C 
C 
C 
C 
C 
C 
C 

Number of 
shares 
24,000,000
19,661,409
9,839,918
9,836,491
14,311,769
14,140,000
171,769

Ownership3 

Voting 
rights3,4 

Notes5 

8.57% 
7.02% 
3.51% 
3.51% 
5.11% 
5.05% 
0.06% 

8.67% 
7.10% 
3.56% 
3.55% 
5.17% 
5.11% 
0.06% 

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

1 Domestic (D), Foreign (F). 
2 Custodian (CU), Public Institution (PU), International Development Institutions (ID), Institutional (I), Company (C), Private (PR),  
  Employee or senior officer (E). 
3 Rounded to two decimals. 
4 Voting rights in the General Meeting of the Issuer for participation in decision-making. 
5 Eg: professional investor, financial investor, etc. 

Senior officers, strategic employees and their shareholding of OTP shares as at 31 December 2021 

Type1 

Name 

Position 

IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
IT 
FB 
FB 
FB 
FB 
FB 
FB 
SP 
SP 

dr. Sándor Csányi 2 
Chairman and CEO 
Deputy Chairman 
Tamás Erdei  
member 
Gabriella Balogh 
member 
Mihály Baumstark 
member, Deputy CEO 
Péter Csányi 
member 
dr. István Gresa 
member, Deputy CEO 
Antal Kovács 
György Nagy 3 
member 
dr. Márton Gellért Vági  member 
member 
dr. József Vörös 
member, Deputy CEO 
László Wolf 
Chairman 
Tibor Tolnay 
Deputy Chairman 
dr. Gábor Horváth 
member 
Klára Bella 
member 
dr. Tamás Gudra 
member 
András Michnai 
member 
Olivier Péqueux 
Deputy CEO 
László Bencsik 
Deputy CEO 
György Kiss-Haypál 
TOTAL No. of shares held by management: 
 1 Employee in strategic position (SP), Board Member (IT), Supervisory Board Member (FB) 
2 Number of OTP shares owned by Dr. Sándor Csányi directly or indirectly: 4,080,034 
3 Number of OTP shares owned by György Nagy directly or indirectly: 600,000 

Commencement 
date of the term 
15/05/1992 
27/04/2012 
16/04/2021 
29/04/1999 
16/04/2021 
27/04/2012 
15/04/2016 
16/04/2021 
16/04/2021 
15/05/1992 
15/04/2016 
15/05/1992 
19/05/1995 
12/04/2019 
16/04/2021 
25/04/2008 
13/04/2018 

Expiration/termination 
of the term 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2026 
2023 
2023 
2023 
2023 
2023 
2023 

Number of 
shares 

293,907
32,285
1,393
44,000
1
173,258
79,244
0
0
171,114
532,143
54
0
344
0
100
0
10,038
3,137
1,341,018

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
OTP BANK 

Board of Directors 

Executive members: 

Dr. Sándor Csányi 
Chairman of the BoD 
Chairman & CEO 

OTHER INFORMATIONS 

He  graduated  from  the  College  of  Finance  and  Accounting  in  1974  with  a  bachelor’s  degree  in 
business  administration  and  in  1980  from  the  Karl  Marx  University  of  Economic  Sciences  (now: 
Corvinus University) with a master in economics and finance, where he also obtained his doctorate 
in finance between 1981-1983. He is a chartered auditor – certified in 1982 at the Ministry of Finance. 
After  graduation  he  worked  at  the  Tax  Revenue  Directorate  and  then  at  the  Secretariat  (Bank 
Supervision Section) of the Ministry of Finance. Between 1983 and 1986, he was a departmental 
head at the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry. From 1986 to 1989 he worked as a senior 
head of department at Hungarian Credit Bank (MHB). He was Deputy CEO of K&H Bank from 1989 
to 1992.  
He has been the Chairman & CEO of OTP Bank Plc. since 1992. 
He  is  Vice  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  MOL  Plc.  and  Co-Chairman  of  the  Chinese-
Hungarian Business Council.  

He is one of the largest investors in agriculture and food industry in the CEE region through Bonafarm 
Group and KITE generating aggregated annual revenue of EUR 2 billion with over 9.000 employees 
and with 40.000 hectares cultivated land in total. Bonafarm Group is vertically integrated whereby 
agriculture companies produce the raw materials for food processors. He has significant investments 
in real estate through his minority holding in Gránit Pólus and Limedale (portfolio of USD 1 bn), in 
VC (Bonitás Venture Capital Fund) and asset management (CSAM in Singapore).  

He has been the President of the Hungarian Football Association (MLSZ) since 2010, and a member 
of the UEFA Executive Committee since March 2015; and the Vice President of the UEFA Executive 
Committee  since  2019.  Since  2017  he  has  been  a  member  of  the  FIFA  Council  and  the  Vice 
President of the FIFA Council since 2018. Within UEFA he is also the Chairman of the UEFA National 
Team  Competition  Committee,  a  member  of  the  UEFA  Finance  Committee  and  the  UEFA 
Professional Football Strategy Council.  
He has been the owner of Pick Szeged Handball Club since 2011. He has been the Honorary Vice 
President of the International Judo Federation since 2008.  
Since 1995 he has been the Vice President of the Board of Trustees of the International Children’s 
Safety Service, and since 2003 he has been the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Prima 
Primissima Foundation. In 2005, he established the Csányi Foundation for Children from his own 
assets. Since 2009, he has been a member of the Board of Trustees of the Media Union for Social 
Awareness Formation Foundations. Since 2020, he has been the Chairman of the Board of Trustees 
of the Pro Sopron University Foundation. In 2021, he became Chairman of the Board of Trustees of 
the Foundation for the Hungarian Agricultural and Life Sciences University (MATE). 

As  of  31  December  2021  he  held  293,907  ordinary  OTP  shares  (while  the  total  number  of  OTP 
shares held by him directly and indirectly was 4,080,034). 

Péter Csányi 
member of the BoD 
Deputy CEO 
Digital Division 

He graduated from City University London in 2006 with a bachelor’s degree in economics, then in 
2007 with a master’s degree in finance from the IE Business School in Madrid. In 2015, he received 
the Master of Business Administration (MBA) diploma from Kellogg School of Management in the 
USA. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

OTHER INFORMATIONS 

He began his career in 2006 at Merrill Lynch’s London office as an intern and he was working on 
corporate finance projects for financial institutions. 
From 2007 to 2011, he worked at Deutsche Bank's London office, first as an analyst and later as an 
associate in the field of corporate finance (for Central and Eastern European corporate customers). 

From  2011-2016,  he  worked  for  McKinsey  &  Company  Inc.  as  an  associate  mostly  working  on 
banking related projects. 

He joined OTP Bank in 2016 as Managing Director of the Digital Sales and Development Directorate. 
After  the  agile  transformation  at  the  Bank,  he  became  responsible  for  the  management  of  the 
Omnichannel Tribe from 2019. In addition, since January 2021, he has been the head of the Daily 
Banking Tribe. 
From March 2021, he is the Deputy CEO of OTP Bank, the head of the IT Division (As of 1 May 
2021 Digital Division). 
From 2020 he has been Chairman of the Supervisory Board of OTP banka d.d. in Croatia. He is also 
a member of the OTP Mobil Kft. Supervisory Board and the head of the Digitization Working Group 
of the Hungarian Banking Association. He is member of the Mastercard European Advisory Board. 

He has been a member of OTP Bank's Board of Directors since 16 April 2021. 

As of 31 December 2021 he held 1 ordinary OTP share. 

Antal György Kovács 
member of the BoD 
Deputy CEO 
Retail Division 

He graduated from the Karl Marx University of Economic Sciences with a degree in economics. 
He began his professional career in 1990 at the Nagyatád branch of K&H Bank, where he worked 
as a branch manager between 1993 and 1995. 

He has been working at OTP Bank Plc. since 1995, first as a county director and from 1998 as the 
executive director of OTP Bank’s South Transdanubian Region. Since 1 July 2007 he has been OTP 
Bank’s Deputy CEO. 

He has received additional training at the International Training Centre for Bankers and on various 
courses held by the World Trade Institute. 

Between  April  2007  and  April  2012  he  was  Chairman  of  the  Supervisory  Board  of  OTP  banka 
Hrvatska d.d. 
He has been Chairman of the Supervisory Board of OTP Bank Romania SA since 12 December 
2012. He has been Chairman of the Board of Directors of OTP Mortgage Bank Ltd. and OTP Building 
Society Ltd. since 24 April 2014. He is Chairman of the Supervisory Board of OTP Fund Management 
and OTP Home Solutions Ltd. 
He  was  a  member  of  OTP  Bank’s  Supervisory  Board 

to  14  April  2016. 

from  2004 

He has been a member of OTP Bank's Board of Directors since 15 April 2016. 

As of 31 December 2021 he held 79,244 ordinary OTP shares. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

László Wolf 
member of the BoD 
Deputy CEO 
Commercial Banking Division 

OTHER INFORMATIONS 

He  graduated  from  the  Karl  Marx  University  of  Economic  Sciences  in  1983.  After  graduation,  he 
worked at the Bank Relations Department of the National Bank of Hungary for 8 years, and then he 
was head of Treasury at BNP-KH-Dresdner Bank between 1991 and 1993. 

From April 1993 he was managing director of OTP Bank’s Treasury Directorate, and since 1994 he 
has been Deputy CEO of the Commercial Banking Division. Member of DSK Bank’s Supervisory 
Board. 
He has been Chairman of the Board of Directors of OTP banka Srbija since 10 December 2010. 

He has been a member of OTP Bank's Board of Directors since 15 April 2016. 

As of 31 December 2021 he held 532,143 ordinary OTP shares. 

Non-executive members:  

Gabriella Balogh 
member of the BoD 
MSc Economics, specialization in marketing 

She graduated as organizing chemical engineer from the University of Veszprém in 1993 and as 
marketing economist from the University of Economics, Budapest in 1997. 

She  worked  as  a  marketing  associate  between  1993  and  1998,  as  director  of  the  Marketing 
Department from 1998 to 2005 and as managing director of the Marketing and Sales Directorate 
between 2005 and 2008 at OTP Bank Plc. 

She  has  been  managing  director  of  GoodStep  Consulting  Kft.  since  2008.  She  fulfilled  group 
management tasks as a Board of Directors member at the Central European Media and Publishing 
Company between 2010 and 2017. 
She  has  been  co-owner  and  Board  of  Directors  member  of  Net  Media  Plc.  since  2016.  She  is 
Presidium member and Chairwoman of the Marketing and Media Board of the Hungarian Football 
Association. 

She has been a member of OTP Bank's Board of Directors since 16 April 2021. 

As of 31 December 2021 she held 1,393 ordinary OTP shares. 

Mihály Baumstark 
member of the BoD 
BSc Agricultural Business Administration, 
MSc Economics 

He  graduated  with  a  degree  in  agricultural  business  administration  at  Gödöllő  University  of 
Agriculture  (1973),  and  went  on  to  do  a  masters  in  economics  at  the  Karl  Marx  University  of 
Economic Science (1981). 

He was employed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry between 1978 and 1989. When 
he left the Ministry he was Deputy head of the Investment Policy Department. Then he was managing 
director of Hubertus Bt., and from 1999 to 2011 he was deputy CEO and then Chairman & CEO of 
Villányi Winery Ltd. (now Csányi Winery Ltd.). He is currently retired. 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

OTHER INFORMATIONS 

He  was  a  member  of  OTP  Bank’s  Supervisory  Board  from  1992  to  1999,  and  has  been  a  non-
executive member of OTP Bank’s Board of Directors since 1999. 

He has been Chairman of OTP Bank's Ethics Committee since 2010, as well as a member of its 
Remuneration Committee since 2011. He was the member of the Nomination Committee between 
2014 and 2020. 

As of 31 December 2021 he held 44,000 ordinary OTP shares. 

Dr. Tibor Bíró1 
College Associate Professor 

He  graduated  from  the  College  of  Finance  and  Accountancy  (1974)  and  from  the  Karl  Marx 
University of Economics (1978) with a degree in business administration. He has been a certified 
auditor and chartered accountant since 1986.  
He was the Head of the Financial Department of the City Council of Tatabánya from 1978 to 1982. 
From 1982, he was a professor at the College of Finance and Accounting, and between 1990 and 
2013 head of department at the Budapest Business School. Since his retirement in 2015, he has 
been a visiting lecturer, and working actively in his auditing and consulting company. 
From 2000 onwards, for a period of ten years, he was a member of the Presidium of the Budapest 
branch  of  the  Chamber  of  Hungarian  Auditors,  and  also  worked  as  a  member  of  the  Chamber’s 
Education Committee for five years. 
He was a non-executive member of OTP Bank’s Board of Directors from 1992. He was a member 
of OTP Bank's Remuneration Committee from 2009, and he was the chairman of the Nomination 
Committee between 2014 and 2020. 

Tamás György Erdei 
Deputy Chairman of the BoD 
BSc Business Administration 

He  graduated  in  1978  with  a  degree  from  the  College  of  Finance  and  Accounting.  He  began  his 
professional  career  at  OTP,  in  a  variety  of  administrative  roles  (his  last  position  was  branch 
manager), before going on to work at the Ministry of Finance in the area of bank supervision. 

From 1983 he was employed by the Hungarian Foreign Trade Bank (today MKB), where he gradually 
worked  his  way  up  through  the  ranks.  In  1985  he  became  managing  director,  in  1990  he  was 
appointed Deputy CEO, then in 1994 he became CEO, and from 1997 until the end of March 2012 
he was Chairman & CEO. 

Between  1997  and  2008,  and  between  2009  and  2011,  he  was  the  elected  president  of  the 
Hungarian Banking Association. 
He is the Chairman of the Supervisory Board of the International Children’s Safety Service. 

He has been a member of OTP Bank’s Board of Directors since 27 April 2012. He has been the 
Chairman of OTP Bank's Risk Assumption and Risk Management Committee, and he was a member 
of the Nomination Committee between 2014 and 2020. He has been the Deputy Chairman of the 
Board of Directors of OTP Bank Plc. since April 2019 and the Chairman of the Work-out Committee 
since October 2019. 
He has been Chairman of the Board of Directors at OTP Factoring Ltd. since December 2019. 

As of 31 December 2021 he held 32,285 ordinary OTP shares. 

1 His mandate expired on 16 April 2021. 

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OTP BANK 

OTHER INFORMATIONS 

Dr. István Gresa 
member of the BoD 
PhD Business Administration and Economics 

He  graduated  from  the  College  of  Finance  and  Accountancy  in  1974  and  received  a  degree  in 
economics from the Karl Marx University of Economic Sciences in 1980. He earned a PhD from the 
University of Economic Sciences in 1983. 

He has worked in the banking sector since 1989. Between 1989 and 1993 he was branch manager 
of Budapest Bank’s Zalaegerszeg branch. 
From  1993  he  was  director  of  OTP  Bank’s  Zala  County  Directorate,  and  from  1998  he  was  the 
managing director of the Bank’s West Transdanubian Region. 
From 1 March 2006 until 14 April 2016 – when he retired – he was Deputy CEO of the Credit Approval 
and Risk Management Division. He was Chairman of the Board of Directors at OTP Factoring Ltd. 
between 2006 and 2017. 

He has been a member of OTP Bank’s Board of Directors since 27 April 2012. 

As of 31 December 2020 he held 173,258 ordinary OTP shares. 

Dr. Antal Pongrácz2 
PhD Economics 

He graduated from the Karl Marx University of Economic Sciences in 1969 and earned a PhD in 
1971.  

From 1969 he worked as an analyst at the Petrochemical Investment Company, then as a group 
manager at the Revenue Directorate until 1975. From 1976 he held various executive positions at 
the Ministry of Finance. After that, he was the first Deputy Chairman of the State Office for Youth 
and Sports.  

Between 1988 and 1990 he was the first Deputy CEO of OTP Bank. Between 1991 and 1994 he 
was CEO, and then Chairman & CEO, of the European Commercial Bank Rt. Between 1994 and 
1998  he  was  Chairman  &  CEO  of  Szerencsejáték  Rt,  then  in  1998-99  he  served  as  CEO  of 
Hungarian flagship carrier, Malév. Since 2001 he has been managing director of OTP Bank’s Staff 
Division and more recently – up until his retirement on 14 April 2016 – Deputy CEO.  

1992-1999: Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Gemenc Zrt., 2002-2010: Chairman of the Board 
of  Directors,  1999-2007:  Chairman  of  the  Supervisory  Board  of  British American  Tobacco  (BAT),  
2002-2008: Chairman of the Board of Directors of Casinos Hungary. 

Between 2007-2012, he was Chairman of OTP Bank Romania’s Supervisory Board. 
He was Chairman of the Supervisory Board of OTP banka Hrvatska d.d. from 12 April 2012, and 
was  Chairman  of  the  Supervisory  Board  of  Splitska  banka  from  2  May  2017  until  its  successful 
integration (on 30 November 2018). 
He was a member of OTP Bank’s Board of Directors from 2002. He was Deputy Chairman of OTP 
Bank’s Board of Directors from 9 June 2009 to 14 April 2016.  

2 His mandate expired on 16 April 2021. 

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OTP BANK 

Dr. László Utassy3 
Chairman & CEO 
Merkantil Bank Zrt. 

OTHER INFORMATIONS 

He graduated from the Faculty of Law of Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest in 1978.  

He held various positions at the State Insurance Company between 1978 and 1995 and then went 
on  to  work at  ÁB-Aegon  Rt.  He  was  Chairman  &  CEO  of  OTP  Garancia  Insurance  from  1996  to 
2008. He was managing director of OTP Bank between 2009 and 2010. Since 1 January 2011 he 
has been Chairman & CEO of Merkantil Bank Ltd. 

He was a member of OTP Bank’s Board of Directors from 2001. He was a member of OTP Bank's 
Risk Assumption and Risk Management Committee from 2014. He has been Chairman of the Board 
of Directors of OTP Real Estate Leasing Ltd. since 28 November 2019.  

György Nagy 
member of the BoD 
Msc International Economics 

He graduated from the Department of International Foreign Economics of University of International 
Relations (Moscow) in 1989. 

He was a founding owner of Wallis Holding (founded in 1990) and he managed the Wallis Group as 
CEO until 2000. 
He  founded  Westbay  Holding  Kft.  in  2004,  the  company’s  portfolio  includes  several  successful 
investments. 
He has been the Chairman of the Hungarian Shooting Federation since 2012, Presidium member of 
the European Shooting Confederation (ESC) since 2013 and Council member of the International 
Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) since 2019 and he was elected the Vice President of ESC in 2021. 

He has been a member of OTP Bank's Board of Directors since 16 April 2021. 

As of 31 December 2021 he held no ordinary OTP shares (while the total number of OTP shares 
held by him directly and indirectly was 600,000). 

Dr. Márton Gellért Vági 
member of the BoD 
General Secretary 
Hungarian Football Association 

He  graduated  in  1987  from  the  department  of  foreign  economics  at  the  Karl  Marx  University  of 
Economic Science  

From 1987 to 2000 he was lecturer at University of Economic Science of Budapest (today Corvinus 
University of Budapest) and from 1994 onwards associate professor and head of department. He 
has a university doctorate and a PhD in economics. He has authored or co-authored more than 80 
studies, essays and books. 
Between  2000  and  2006  he  worked  at  the  State  Holding  and  Privatisation  Co.  (ÁPV  Zrt.),  as 
managing director, Deputy CEO and then CEO.  
Between 2006 and 2010 he was Chairman of the National Development Agency.  
Since 2010 he has been general secretary of the Hungarian Football Association.  
In various periods between 2000 and 2010, he was the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Magyar 
Villamos Művek, Paks Nuclear Power Plant and the National Textbook Publishing House. Between 

3 His mandate expired on 16 April 2021. 

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OTHER INFORMATIONS 

2002 and 2010, he was a member of the Board of Directors of Földhitel és Jelzálogbank Nyrt., and 
the Chairman of the Board of Directors for 4 years 
He has been a member of UEFA’s HatTrick Financial Assistance Committee since 2011. He has 
been a member of FIFA’s Financial Committee since 2017. 

He was a member of OTP Bank’s Supervisory Board between 2011-2021.He was a member of OTP 
Bank’s Audit Committee between 2014-2021. 
He was a member of OTP Bank’s Nomination Committee between 2020-2021. 

He has been a member of OTP Bank's Board of Directors since 16 April 2021. 

As of 31 December 2021 he held no ordinary OTP shares. 

Dr. József Zoltán Vörös 
member of the BoD 
Professor emeritus, academician 
University of Pécs 

He earned a degree in economics from the Karl Marx University of Economic Sciences in 1974. In 
1984 he earned a PhD in economics from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and a Doctor of 
Science degree in 1993. He has been a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences since 2013. 

Between  1990  and  1993  he  was  the  dean  of  the  Faculty  of  Business  and  Economics,  Janus 
Pannonius  University  (JPTE)  in  Pécs.  In  1993  he  attended  a  course  in  management  for  senior 
executives at Harvard University. 
From 1994 he was a professor at JPTE, from 2021 he has been professor emeritus. He was the 
senior Vice Rector of the University from 2004-2007, between 2007 and 2011 he was Chairman of 
the Economic Council of the University of Pécs. 

He has been a non-executive member of OTP Bank’s Board of Directors since 1992. He has been 
Chairman of OTP Bank's Remuneration Committee since 2009, and member of its Risk Assumption 
and Risk Management Committee since 2014. 

Supervisory Board 

Independent members: 

Tibor Tolnay 
Chairman of the SB 

He graduated from Budapest University of Technology as a qualified civil engineering in 1978, and 
in 1983 he obtained a degree in economic engineering. In 1993 he finished his studies as specialized 
economist at Budapest University of Economics. 

From 1989 to 1994, he was Director of State Construction Company No. 21. From 1994 to 2015 he 
was Chairman & CEO of the already privatized Magyar Építő Joint Stock Company.  
He has been the managing director of Érték Ltd. since 1994. Since 2020 he has been the managing 
director of Fenyves Garden Ltd. 
From 2018 to 2021 he was President of the National Association of Entrepreneurs and Employers, 
since 2021 co-President.  

Since  1992  he  has  been  a  member  of  OTP  Bank's  Supervisory  Board,  and  Chairman  of  the 
Supervisory  Board  since  1999.  He  was  a  member  and  Deputy  Chairman  of  OTP  Bank’s  Audit 
Committee between 2007 and 2011, and has been again since 2014. He has been the Chairman of 
OTP Bank’s Nomination Committee since 2020. 

As of 31 December 2021 he held 54 ordinary OTP shares. 

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OTP BANK 

Dr. József Gábor Horváth 
Deputy Chairman of the SB 
Lawyer 

OTHER INFORMATIONS 

He earned a degree in law from Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest in 1980. 

From 1983 he worked for the Hungarian State Development Bank He has been a lawyer since 1986, 
and  since  1990  has  run  his  own  law  firm,  which  specialises  in  corporate  finance  and  corporate 
governance.  

He has been a member of the Supervisory Board of OTP Bank since 1995, and was a member of 
MOL Plc.’s Board of Directors between 1999 and 2014. 
He has been Deputy Chairman of OTP Bank's Supervisory Board since 2007. 
He was Chairman of OTP Bank's Audit Committee between 2007 and 2011, and has been again 
since 2014. 
He has been a member of OTP Bank’s Nomination Committee since 2020. He was a member of the 
Board of Directors of INA Industrija Nafte d.d. from 2014 to 2018. 

As of 31 December 2021 he held no ordinary OTP shares. 

Dr. Tamás Gudra 
Member of the SB 
BSc Business Administration, Lawyer 

He graduated as business administrator in 1993 from the College of Commerce and Catering. He is 
a Hungarian chartered auditor since 1997. He also obtained a university degree in 2010 as a lawyer 
at the Faculty of Law of Janus Pannonius University in Pécs.  

He worked as an auditor from 1993 to 2001 at Deloitte & Touche. Between 2001 and 2003 he was 
an accounting expert of subsidiaries at the Accounting and Tax Directorate of the Hungarian Oil and 
Gas Public Limited Company (MOL Rt). Then he was managing director at the Auditor, Financial 
and Accounting Directorate of the National Privatization and Asset Manager Plc. (ÁPV Zrt.) between 
2003 and 2007 and became the director of Controlling Directorate at the Hungarian National Asset 
Manager Plc. (MNV Zrt.) from 2008 to 2010. 
Following these assignments, he worked as the CFO of the Hungarian Football Association from 
2011 until June of 2020. As of July 2020, he became the group-level CFO of Bonafarm Zrt.  

He was a member of the Supervisory Board of OTP Lakástakarék Zrt. between 2012 and 2021 and 
he is Chairman of the Hungarian Paralympic Committee’s Supervisory Board since 2016. Since 2021 
he has been property inspector of Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, member of 
the Executive Committee of Pick Szeged Zrt., SOLE-Mizo Zrt and MCS Vágóhíd Zrt. 

He has been a member of the Supervisory Board and Audit Committee of OTP Bank since 16 April 
2021. 

As of 31 December 2021 he held no ordinary OTP shares. 

Olivier Péqueux 
Member of the SB 
Groupama International SA 

He graduated from Institute of Actuaries of France, Polytechnique School and ENSAE Paris Tech. 

Started  to  work  in  1998  as  an  insurance  commissioner  for  the  French  Insurance  Supervisory 
Authority. In 2003, he joined the French Ministry of Finance to take part in the pension law reform 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTP BANK 

OTHER INFORMATIONS 

and the setup of a pension fund for French civil servants. Then he became technical adviser to the 
French Minister of health and pensions.  

In 2005 he joined Groupama Group, first in charge of the actuary and accounting department of Gan 
Patrimoine, a life insurance company, and then in 2007 as Chief Financial Officer of Groupama Paris 
Val de Loire.  
He moved to China in March 2011 as Deputy General Manager of Groupama China, in charge of 
finance, actuary and investments in the joint venture between AVIC and Groupama.  
From  2015  to  2017,  he  was  the  General  Manager  of  Groupama  AVIC.  He  has  been  the  Chief 
International Officer of Groupama Assurances Mutuelles since March 2018. He has been Groupama 
Assurances Mutuelles Deputy CEO since September 2020. 

He has been a member of OTP Bank’s Supervisory Board, and Audit Committee since 2018. 

As of 31 December 2021 he held no ordinary OTP shares. 

Dr. Márton Gellért Vági4 
member of the SB 
General Secretary 
Hungarian Football Association 

Employee delegates: 

Klára Bella 
Member of the SB 
Director 
Large Corporate Department 

She graduated from the College of Finance and Accountancy and later obtained a degree from the 
Budapest University of Economic Sciences. 

From 1992 to 1994 she worked as a clerk at the Fertőszentmiklós branch of OTP Bank. 
From 1994 to 1995 she was a lending consultant at Polgári Bank. 
From 1995 to 1996 she worked as a risk manager at the Central Branch of OTP Bank. 
From 1996 to 1997 she was authorizer in the Credit Approval and Risk Management Division. 
From 1997 to 2010 she was Deputy Managing Director at the Central Branch. 
From 2010 to 2016 she was Director at the Central Branch. 
Between 2017 and 2020, she was Director of the Corporate Directorate. 
Since 1 July 2020, she has been the Director of the Large Corporate Department of the Specialised 
Finance Directorate. 

She  has  been  a  member  of  OTP  Bank’s  Supervisory  Board,  and  representative  of  the  Bank’s 
employees since 12 April 2019. 

As of 31 December 2021 she held 344 ordinary OTP shares. 

4 His position on the Supervisory Board was terminated on 16 April 2021, and since that date he has been a member of the Board of 
Directors of OTP. 

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OTP BANK 

András Michnai 
Member of the SB 
Managing Director 

OTHER INFORMATIONS 

He  graduated  in  1981  from  the  College  of  Finance  and  Accounting  with  a  degree  in  business 
administration. 

He  has  been  an  employee  of  the  Bank  since  1974,  and  until  1981  held  a  variety  of  posts  in  the 
branch network. Following this he held a management position in the central network coordination 
department before returning to work in the branch network. From 1994, as deputy managing director, 
he participated in the central coordination of the branch network. Between 2005 and 2014 he was 
the managing director of the Bank’s Compliance Department. 
He further expanded his professional skills, obtaining a Master’s degree at the Budapest Business 
School, and is a registered tax advisor. 

He  has  been  a  member  of  OTP  Bank’s  Supervisory  Board,  and  representative  of  the  Bank’s 
employees,  since  2008.  He  has  been  Secretary  of  OTP  Bank’s  Employees’  Trade  Union  since 
December 2011. 

As of 31 December 2021 he held 100 ordinary OTP shares. 

Members of OTP Bank Plc.’s senior management: 

Dr. Sándor Csányi 
Chairman & CEO 

László Bencsik 
Chief Strategic and Financial Officer, Deputy CEO 
Strategy and Finance Division 

In  1996,  he  graduated  from  the  Faculty  of  Business  Administration  at  the  Budapest  University  of 
Economic  Sciences,  and  in  1999  he  obtained  a  Master’s  in  Business  Administration  (MBA)  from 
INSEAD Business School in France. 

Between 1996 and 2000 he worked as a consultant at Andersen Consulting (now Accenture). 
From 2000 to 2003 he was a project manager at consulting firm McKinsey & Company. 
He  joined  OTP  Bank  in  2003,  when  he  became  managing  director  of  the  Bank  Operations 
Management Directorate, and the manager with overall responsibility for controlling and planning. 

He has been deputy CEO of OTP Bank, and head of the Strategy and Finance Division, since August 
2009. 
Since 13 March 2012 he has been Chairman of the Supervisory Board of DSK Bank. 

As of 31 December 2021 he held 10,038 ordinary OTP shares. 

Péter Csányi 
Member of the Board of Directors, Deputy CEO 
Digital Division 

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OTP BANK 

OTHER INFORMATIONS 

Tibor András Johancsik 
Deputy CEO until 12 March 2021 
IT Division 

He graduated from the Budapest Technical University with a degree in electrical engineering in 1988, 
and then in 1993 earned a further degree in foreign trade business administration from the College 
of  Foreign  Trade.  He  began  his  professional  career  at  as  a  researcher  in  the  field  of  industrial 
automation at the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Institute for Computer Science and Control (MTA 
SZTAKI).  From  1994  onwards  he  held  management  positions  at  the  Hungarian  subsidiaries  of 
international IT development companies (ICL, Unisys, Cap Gemini). 
From 2001 he worked as an advisor in the fields of IT and organisational development, then from 
2003,  as  managing  director  of  JET-SOL  Kft.,  he  participated  in  the  development  of  numerous 
systems in Hungary and abroad. 
Since 24 February 2016 he has been Deputy CEO in charge of OTP Bank’s IT Division. 
He has been Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Monicomp Zrt. since 1 April 2016. 

György Kiss-Haypál 
Deputy CEO 
Credit Approval and Risk Management Division 

He is a qualified economist. He graduated from the Budapest University of Economic Sciences in 
1996. 

He started his career as a project finance analyst for Budapest Bank Plc., and by 2007 he had been 
appointed head of the bank’s risk management department. 
Between 2002 and 2006 he also worked in Ireland as corporate credit risk portfolio manager for GE 
Consumer Finance Europe, and in Austria as GE Money Bank’s consumer loans portfolio manager. 
Between 2008 and 2015 he was member of the Board of Directors of Budapest Bank. 

From 2015 he was deputy head of the Credit Approval and Risk Management Division of OTP Bank 
Plc., and was then appointed acting head of the Division. 
Since 3 May 2017, he has been deputy CEO of the Credit Approval and Risk Management Division. 

As of 31 December 2021 he held 3,137 ordinary OTP shares. 

Antal György Kovács 
Member of the Board of Directors, Deputy CEO 
Retail Division 

László Wolf 
Member of the Board of Directors, Deputy CEO 
Commercial Banking Division 

Personal and organizational changes  

On 12 March 2021, the labour contract of Mr. Tibor Johancsik, Deputy CEO in charge of IT had been terminated 
by mutual agreement. The new head of the Digital Division (IT Division until 1 May 2021) is Mr. Péter Csányi, 
who had been in charge of digital developments and sales as managing director until his appointment. Key task 
of the area in transition is going to be the efficient support of the Bank’s digital transformation through further 
improving  customer  experience.  The  new  strategy  of  the  division  is  aimed  at  creating  such  an  IT  that  has 
business  competence,  but  also  serving  as  a  platform  for  other  business  areas  while  setting  the  pace  of 
digitalization in accordance with the National Bank of Hungary’s digital recommendations. 

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OTHER INFORMATIONS 

On 16 April 2016 the Board of Directors acting in the competency of the Annual General Meeting elected Ernst 
& Young Ltd. as the Bank’s auditor concerning the audit of OTP Bank Plc.’s separate and consolidated annual 
financial statements in accordance with International Financial  Reporting Standards for the year 2021,  from  
1 May 2021 until 30 April 2022. 

On 16 April the Board of Directors acting in the competency of the Annual General Meeting, elects Dr. Tamás 
Gudra as member of the Supervisory Board (SB) and of Audit Committee (AC) of the Company until the Annual 
General Meeting of the Company closing the 2022 business year, but not later than 30 April 2023. 

On 16 April 2021 the Board of Directors acting in the competency of the Annual General Meeting, elects 

Dr. Sándor Csányi 
Mr. Antal György Kovács 
Mr. László Wolf 
Mr. Tamás György Erdei 
Mr. Mihály Baumstark 
Dr. István Gresa 
Dr. József Zoltán Vörös 
Mr. Péter Csányi 
Mrs. Gabriella Balogh 
Mr. György Nagy 
Dr. Gellért Márton Vági 

as members of the Board of Directors (BoD) of the Company until the Annual General Meeting of the Company 
closing the 2025 business year, but not later than 30 April 2026. 

On  16  April  2021,  Dr.  Sándor  Csányi  was  elected  as  Chairman  of  the  Bank’s  Board  of  Directors  and  in 
accordance with subsection 4 of section 9 of the Articles of Association of the Company as Chief Executive 
Officer (Chairman & CEO). 

Dr. Sándor Csányi performs his duties until the closing AGM of the fiscal year 2025 but latest until 30 April 2026. 

On  16  April  2021  Mr.  Tamás  György  Erdei,  the  member  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  was  elected  a  Deputy 
Chairman of the Board of Directors. 

Mr.  Tamás  György  Erdei  performs  his  duties  until  the  closing  AGM  of  the  fiscal  year  2025  but  latest  until  
30 April 2026 

ANNUAL REPORT 2021