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Premier African Minerals Limited

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FY2016 Annual Report · Premier African Minerals Limited
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ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS
YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

Contents

1 Highlights

2

3

4

Chairman & CEO Statement

Directors

Strategic Report

13

Principal Activities and Strategic Review of the Business

14

Principal Risks and Uncertainties

16

Directors’ Report

19 Non-statutory Independent Auditor’s Report to the 
Members of Premier African Minerals Limited

20

21

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income

Consolidated statement of Financial Position

22

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

23

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

24 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

61

Company Information

HIGHLIGHTS

Striking the right balance 

Delivering value from future 
production & cash generation

Building value from exploration, 
investments & transactions 

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Chairman & CEO Statement

The year under review has continued to be transformational 
for Premier African Minerals Limited (“Premier” or “PREM”) 
as we progress along the development path from exploration 
to development and production. A year of review and further 
development at RHA, the acquisition of an interest in TCT 
in Mozambique and the confirmation of our expectations 
at Zulu Lithium serve both as a template for our business 
model and a pillar of our resilience and determination 
to complete the transformation cycle and see Premier 
as self-sustaining and cash generative later in 2017.

As we move into 2017, PREM is well positioned to continue 
to offer our shareholders a balanced risk portfolio of 
strategic metals and resources that are at different stages 
of the development curve, but in all cases, have solid 
supply, demand and pricing fundamentals behind them.

The year under review is one where your board and management 
team have proven that we can deliver on our stated strategy and 
we look forward to the year ahead with significant optimism. 

The London AIM market is an incubator market that serves to 
provide companies like PREM, with access to capital to help 
enable our projects to be advanced through capital market 
funding facilities, to the point where like RHA, they can become 
sustainable or be advanced to the point where they become 
attractive to another strategic investor that can create an event 
that will serve to return value back to our shareholders.

Naturally, as we engage in our business strategy, we inevitably 
have to raise capital in a process which can often serve to dilute 
our shareholders and or depending on the type of funding 
we undertake, have the impact to dampen our share price.

I can assure you that as your chairman, and someone who has a 
significant shareholding in PREM, I am completely motivated to 
make sure all the funding arrangements we secure are designed 
to lead to the creation of value, rather than depress value. I take 
the opportunity of this year’s Annual Report to make this point 
to both our existing shareholders and also to any new potential 
shareholders and that as we progress and develop value in our 
assets, finance through debt will become the preferred option.

Since the global financial crisis and following a slowing 
of economic growth in China, the mining sector has 
faced some difficult challenges when it comes to 
managing a depressed commodity pricing market. 

Premier African Minerals joined London’s AIM market in 
December 2012 and we have managed to ride this difficult 
cycle within the market, to emerge as a company that offers 
investors and our shareholders a bright future, where our 
portfolio of assets is now beginning to benefit from increased 
market demand and pricing upturn, especially across 
the tungsten, lithium and associated automotive battery 
metals market, and also where during the period under 
review we added gold and limestone to our portfolio.

I take this opportunity of thanking our shareholders for their 
support and also to Pamela Hueston, our former finance 
director who did a sterling job during her tenure and also 
to Mr. Russel Swarts who has joined the board for his work 
in supporting a smooth transition within this vital function 
of our company. I also wish to thank Anthony Michalec for 
joining us and taking up the helm as our new Chief Operating 
Officer at RHA. In addition I want to pay tribute to all our 
contractors and consultants, particularly those working at RHA, 
who have tirelessly worked on helping to deliver a producing 
tungsten mine and who have played a huge role in making 
this annual reporting period a notable one in our history. 

Fundraising and Capital

During the reporting period we raised gross 
proceeds of US$5,528,000, including;

  -  US$3,178,000 in direct subscriptions, and

  -  US$2,350,000 through the issue of Loan Notes, 

In addition US$247,000 of outstanding loans to 
George Roach were converted to shares.

RHA also increased its working capital facilities by the 
granting of a US$200,000 general credit facility from a local 
bank, which can be utilised for payment of direct operating 
expenses associated with the production of wolframite 
concentrates. The facility bears interest at the bank’s costs of 
funds plus a margin of 8.75% and is guaranteed by Premier.

George Roach
Chief Executive Officer & Executive Chairman
7 July 2017

2     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

Directors

“The team that leads Premier combines extensive 
experience in the international mining and resource 
development sector with strong Africa-wide knowledge 
and a reputation for responsible operations.”

George Roach
Chief Executive Officer & Executive Chairman

Michael Foster
Non-Executive Director

George Roach has extensive experience in natural resource 
business development in Africa. He has successfully obtained 
licences and concluded mineral exploration and exploitation 
agreements in the entire SADC region, Ethiopia and most 
of the CEMAC and ECOWAS regions. Under the auspices of 
Exploration Services, he provided consultancy to prospective 
exploration companies and has acted in significant capacities 
for a number of start-ups that have subsequently listed on 
AIM and TSX-V, most recently as Managing Director Africa 
for Uramin Inc. and Chairman and CEO for Premier African 
Minerals. George Roach maintains a number of other 
interests  in start-up companies that include Anglo African 
Agriculture that has recently acquired the Southern Africa 
based business of Dynamic Intertrade, a food manufacturing 
and trading company and Agriminco Inc., focussed on 
African Agricultural and Industrial Mineral development.

Mr Foster is a graduate geologist from St Andrews University 
in Scotland with a MBA in Business Administration from 
London Business School. He has over 30 years’ experience 
of all aspects of the mining industry, including exploration, 
mine development, operations and finance in a variety of 
commodities. He was a founding shareholder and Director of 
the AIM traded ZincOx Resources plc until 2008. More recently 
he served as Non-Executive Chairman of Copperbelt Minerals 
Limited, a company that discovered a new copper-cobalt 
deposit in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Mr Foster is 
currently a Director of CASA Mining Limited, a private company 
with interest in exploration licences in the DR Congo. 

Ian Stalker
Non-Executive Director

Russel Swarts
Non-Executive Director

Mr Stalker is a seasoned mining executive and current 
Chairman and Director of Azincourt Uranium (TSXV: AAZ) 
a TSX Venture Exchange quoted company. He has over 40 
years of development and operational mining experience in 
Europe, Africa and Australia. He has undertaken operational 
roles in the base and precious metals arenas and executive 
positions in some of the largest mining companies in the 
world. From 2009 to 2011 he was CEO of Berkeley Resources 
Ltd, an ASX and AIM quoted company with its main asset 
being a uranium development project in Spain. He was CEO 
of UraMin Inc. from 2005 until its acquisition by Areva in 2007. 
Prior to joining UraMin, between 2005 and 2007 Mr Stalker 
was a Vice President of Gold Fields Ltd., the fourth largest 
gold producer in the world at the time. Ian was also the CEO 
of former TSX V listed Brazilian Gold Corporation until its 
merger and acquisition in September 2013 by Brazil Resources 
(TSXV:BRI) ). He is currently CEO of K92 a TSX V listed gold 
company and Chairman of Plateau Uranium (PLU TSX V).

Russel qualified as a Chartered Accountant (South Africa) 
in 1989, after serving articles with Price Waterhouse in 
Johannesburg. After leaving the profession in 1991, Russel 
took up senior financial roles within a number of JSE listed 
South African companies. Subsequently, Russel was appointed 
as CEO of the largest specialist telecommunications group in 
South Africa before taking on a director role at a private equity 
investment group involved in energy and natural resources. 
Russel spent five years as CFO of AIM-traded URU Metals Ltd 
before consulting in his areas of expertise. Russel has extensive 
experience in Southern African and international listed entity 
reporting, rules and regulations, corporate governance, 
mergers and acquisitions, specialist financing, strategic planning 
and group reporting planning and structuring. Russel has 
been involved in auditing, group reporting, budgeting and 
forecasting, systems implementations and restructuring.

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Strategic Report

The strategic report provides a detailed assessment of 
the activities of the company during the period under 
review. It also details the main objectives of the company 
related to our portfolio of assets. The principal risks 
and uncertainties associated with our activities are 
outlined in a specific principal risks and uncertainties 
section. This section of the Annual Report is produced 
in accordance with Guidance on the Strategic Report, 
June 2014 issued by the Financial Reporting Council.

Funding Update

During the reporting period we raised gross proceeds 
of US$5,528,000 and also saw a number of outstanding 
Darwin Loan Notes converted to equity.  RHA also secured 
a US$200,000 general credit facility from a local bank, which 
can be utilised for payment of direct operating expenses 
associated with the production of wolframite concentrates. 
The facility bears interest at the bank’s costs of funds 
plus a margin of 8.75% and is guaranteed by Premier.

4     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

RHA Tungsten Mine

Zambia

Mozambique

RHA Tungsten Mine 

Zimbabwe

Botswana

The year began with the completion of an underground mining 
implementation study with input provided by Whaleside 
Shaft Sinkers Zimbabwe. The completion of the internal study 
by the RHA on site team supported the board’s decision to 
investigate and accelerate underground development as 
discussed in previous announcements we reported on back 
in 2015. The study included a six-month underground mining 
plan on 926 level while re-equipping a vertical shaft to 870. 
Estimated capital cost of US$406,000 would cover a schedule 
for equipping a vertical shaft hoist and commissioning of 
operations on 870.  Positive operating cash flows would be 
secured on commencement of underground mining operations. 

In addition to study work on underground operations, we 
also provided the market with an interim update on our 
open pit SAMREC compliant Mineral Resource review which 
was commissioned to support a bulk mining approach and 
the use of XRT technology to achieve material upgrading. 
From this investigation we established a significant increase 
in mining inventory and tonnages of contained tungsten 
within the pit boundary, and importantly we reported depth 
and on strike continuity outside the pit boundary, which 
has the potential of adding further resources to RHA.

In order to help advance RHA financially, we secured a 
US$200,000 general credit facility from a local bank which is a 
positive sign of the support RHA is securing from stakeholders 
in Zimbabwe. In February of the reporting period we announced 
to the market that RHA had begun processing underground 
ore, following the suspension of operations in early November 
2015. In May, we announced that the equipping of the 120m 
vertical shaft was complete. This followed the announcement 
that first ore would be secured from 870 level and that we were 
seeing improving grades from 926 level. At about this time, it 
became apparent that to fully exploit the potential of RHA and 

achieve levels of profitability anticipated before the collapse 
of commodity prices, that we would have to complete certain 
modifications to the crushing circuit, which was done and 
subsequently, we should further modify the circuit to include 
X-ray based mineral sorting that would facilitate increased 
mining rates and would pre-concentrate ore before delivery 
of material to the gravity recovery circuits of the plant. 

In July, Chairman and CEO George Roach agreed to provide 
a guarantee in respect of  amounts owing under a proposed 
Memorandum of Agreement with JR Goddard Contracting (Pvt) 
Ltd (JRG), the contractor for the open pit mining at RHA Tungsten 
(Private) Limited.

The amount owing to JRG as at 11 March 2016 of US$851,312 
is being settled by Premier at a rate of US$54,626 per month 
for a period of 20 months. Under the JRG Memorandum, 
should the Company recommence open pit mining operations 
through the direct engagement of JRG during the 20-month 
period, US$247,000 will be recovered by the Company 
by way of equal monthly payments against JRG’s mining 
certificates over the duration of the new agreement. 

In consideration for providing the surety, Premier entered 
into a put option agreement in respect of its holding of 
shares in Circum Minerals Limited (Circum) with George 
Roach. Under the Circum Agreement, in the event that: 

  •   Premier fails to meet its obligations under the  

JRG Memorandum; 

  •    JRG exercises its rights under the surety against  

George Roach and; 

  •   Premier fails to find an alternative buyer for its  

Circum shares, 

Then the company may require George Roach to purchase 
such number of Circum shares at a price of US$2 per Circum 
Share (being the fair market value of the Circum shares in 
the audited results for the year ended 31 December 2015) 
equal to the total amount then owed to JRG.  Following this 
agreement, we announced to the market in July that production 
at RHA had re-commenced in phased process. Screens, plant 
modifications as well as the electrical reticulation works had 
been completed and the plant was undergoing a phased 
commissioning and optimisation process to achieve the 
anticipated recoveries and operational throughput. Wolframite 
concentrate from ore from the underground mine had been 
produced. The throughput of the plant would be steadily 
increased to the plant’s design capacity of 16 tonnes per hour.

APT prices have generally been moving upwards since 
January 2016 from a low of $162 mtu, to pricing of 
$220-$225 mtu at circa the publishing of our Annual 
Report and accounts. Tungsten concentrate prices are 
generally quoted as US dollars per mtu discounted off the 
European price for ammonium Para-tungstate (APT).
Further work at RHA saw major sections of underground 
development channel sampled, geology mapped and drill cores 
re-examined with further assays on these cores completed and 
trench data from the benches within the open pit re-assayed 

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Strategic Report continued

and re-evaluated. We discovered that whilst the mineralised 
quartz veins are identifiable and exhibit strike continuity 
within the existing underground development, the wolframite 
mineralisation does not show the same level of consistency. 
Tungsten grades show extreme variability and range from 
sub-economic to more than 300kg per ton over short strike 
distances. This variability in wolframite mineralisation may 
make application of normal geostatistical methodologies 
unreliable and this has resulted in the extended sampling 
and re-evaluation process described above, which is vital to 
ensure our financial modelling of RHA remains accurate. 

About Afmine 

Afmine is a leading mining and exploration services company 
operating in Zimbabwe which handles over 400 kilotons of 
ore on a monthly basis. The company specialises in both 
underground mining and specialised haulage solutions and has 
a good reputation for safety and efficiency. Afmine has worked 
for major projects and its clients include ASA Resources Limited 
(Freda Rebecca Gold Mine and Bindura Nickel Corporation) 
and Metallon Gold (Private) Limited (Shamva Gold Mine). 
Information on Afmine can be found at www.afmine.com.

Following a review of immediately available tungsten rich  
material at RHA, we reported in October that sufficient tonnage 
was immediately available both in the open pit and underground 
operations to support an initial 3 years’ of operations at up 
to 40,000 tons per month with the installation of the X-Ray 
Transmission (XRT) system for ore sorting.

At the planned 40,000 tonnes per month of ore mined, it is 
estimated that RHA should be producing about 10,000-11,500 metric 
ton units (mtu) of tungsten trioxide concentrate per month. A mtu is 
equal to ten kilograms of tungsten tri-oxide equivalent contained in a 
concentrate and is the standard weight measure of wolframite. 

Budgeting

When the TOMRA sorter is installed and commissioned in 2017, 
and all other upgrades completed, RHA projects expenditure 
on an EBITDA basis to reduce to approximately US$682,000 
per month from the US$825,000 as originally estimated. 

In November we announced the appointment of African Mining 
and Exploration (Afmine) as our principal mining contractor for 
the upgrades, development of the underground operations 
and the re-appointment of JRG for the re-establishment of 
open pit mining. The terms of the underground contract 
require certain mining targets to be met which included;

  •   16,000s tonne per month from underground operations and 
delivery of not less than 12,000 tonnes of ore to the run-of-
mine (ROM) pad by 31 January 2017.

Negotiations for phase two mining are underway which 
centre around a mining target of up to 28,000 tonnes but not 
less than 23,000 tonnes per month from the open pit and 
subject to current performance and operational outcomes 
being met, we will negotiate a longer term mining contract 
with Afmine in regard to the underground in due course. 

The initial underground contract required a payment of 
a one-off mobilisation cost of US$50,000. Thereafter two 
milestone payments each amounting to US$75,000 are 
due when the agreed milestones are met. Premier granted 
discretionary conversion rights for five days starting from the 
date of completion to convert the two milestone payments into 
shares of no par value. The contract is structured to ensure 
the delivery of a minimum of 12,000 tonnes at a fixed cost 
per tonne. Any delivery beyond such 12,000 tonnes of mined 
material shall be at an incremental rate per tonne, with the 
motivation being to reduce the final processed cost per tonne.

Improved Off-take Terms and Appointment 
of Chief Operating Officer

As the year drew to a close we announced an improved 
off-take agreement with Noble Resources International 
Pts Limited (Noble) and the appointment of Anthony John 
Michalec as Chief Operating Officer, in a move designed 
to strengthen the management team at RHA.

Under the amended agreement, Premier will supply the first 
4,100 metric tonnes of wolframite concentrate produced by 
the mine to Noble over an anticipated two year period on 
favourable pricing terms. Pricing for concentrates will be based 
at a discount to the European Ammonium Para-Tungstate 
APT price published by Metal Bulletin. Concentrates are sold 
in metric tonne units (mtu) where one mtu equates to ten 
kilograms of tungsten trioxide (WO3) contained in a concentrate 
at a declared percentage, normally between 60% and 65%. 

About Noble Group  

Noble Group (SGX: N21) manages a portfolio of global supply 
chains covering a range of industrial and energy products. 
Operating from over 60 locations and employing more than 40 
nationalities, Noble facilitates the marketing, processing, financing 
and transportation of essential raw materials. Sourcing bulk 
commodities from low cost regions such as South America, South 
Africa, Australia and Indonesia, the Group supplies high growth 
demand markets, particularly in Asia and the Middle East. More 
information on Noble can be found at www.thisisnoble.com. 

At the close of the reporting period, progress at RHA had been 
good in certain aspects but slower than planned in others. 
Of note was the updated open pit resource statement and 
maiden underground resource. Work continues in further 
defining the underground resource and identifying the 
high-grade areas that could be mined most efficiently now. 
Significant high grade target opportunities have been identified 
located off the 926 adit access level that does not need shaft 
haulage. Delays were experienced in the completion of the 
shaft upgrades, which were eventually completed post the 
reporting period. Premier also elected to own the XRT sorter 
rather than to operate the XRT sorter on a toll processing basis. 
The financial benefits of owning significantly outweigh the 
cost of running the XRT on a toll basis and more than justified 
a short delay in the supply and installation of the system. 

In order to oversee the successful transition to commercial 
production at RHA, the appointment of Anthony John Michalec 

6     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

the past two years and the developments in our resource 
estimations and underground mining, add a level of confidence 
to this expectation. RHA has been a drain on cash resources 
but we continue to believe that this is at a turning point and we 
expect strong cash flows from this operation later in 2017.

as Chief Operating Officer (non-Board) was undertaken 
to strengthen the key management team. Anthony is a 
first class mining professional with in excess of 35 years 
of experience in mining engineering gained at both open 
pit as well as underground operations across Africa with 
companies like Shanta Gold and First Quantum Minerals. 

RHA also reviewed the financial model incorporating the  
X-ray transmission sorter on a toll process basis and concluded 
that the financial arguments for an owner-operation justify a 
change of strategy and created a short delay in the installation 
of the system. Premier engaged an Engineering, Procurement, 
Construction and Management (EPCM) contractor who 
provided detailed engineering designs, installation support 
and quotation for a TOMRA sorter, planned for commissioning 
during 2017. The sorter and installation is part financed 
on a plant rental contract and part through Premier direct. 
Total cost of the sorter and installation is US$1.03m. 

In November, we were delighted to report a 300% increase in 
open pit resources with an increase to 20.8 million tonnes at 
increased grade of 2.34kg per tonne, Maiden Underground 
Resource in developed areas of 1.3 million tonnes at 4.25kg 
per tonne, and up to a 40-year mine life indicated. 

Post Reporting Period

Installation of the XRT sorter and additional upgrades to the 
crushing circuit completed in March 2017 and production 
commenced again thereafter. Having received all documentation 
and permits for exporting, RHA set in place arrangements for the 
first export shipments of concentrate to the port of Durban, South 
Africa. First shipment of concentrates of 20 ton grading at 60% 
wolframite was completed in late May 2017 and has been paid 
for. RHA forecast an optimisation period and anticipated increase 
in production to 10,000-11,500 metric ton units of wolframite 
during Q4 2017 subject always to attainment of anticipated 
grade and recoveries from the plant. During the optimisation 
process to date, the mine has demonstrated the capability to 
operate at profitable production levels on an instantaneous 
basis. More importantly, development in the open pit mining 
operation has now progressed through the heavily weathered 
upper layers in some areas and we are now able to identify and 
track grade from the pit, through the ROM pad and into the plant. 
This is a most significant development and is a tribute to very 
substantial effort that has been made by our geological team 
and mining engineers, particularly when faced with the extremely 
“spotty” nature of wolframite mineralisation. By its nature, the 
optimisation process is not necessarily a time of continuous 
operation and this has been the case at RHA. Certain issues have 
been identified during the optimisation phase and these are in 
the process of being attended to. These include minor upgrades 
to certain components to allow continuous operation at the 
higher tonnages now possible following the commissioning of 
the X-ray sorting system. These are expected to complete toward 
the end of August 2017 and we then expect to see production 
accelerate to the predicted levels of up to 10,000-11,500 metric 
ton units per month in the later part of 2017. Whilst attainment 
of this production level remains dependent on continuity of 
grade and plant recovery, the experiences we have had over 

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Strategic Report continued

Zulu Lithium and Tantalum Project

Zambia

Mozambique

Zimbabwe

Zulu Lithium and 
Tantalum Project

Botswana

Zulu is located at Fort Rixon in Zimbabwe, 80km east of Bulawayo 
and easily accessible by road. The project comprises 14 claims 
covering a surface area of 3.5km2. 

Zulu is regarded generally as potentially the largest undeveloped 
lithium bearing pegmatite in Zimbabwe. It was first pegged in 
1955 and intensely explored until the early 1960s. Minor petalite 
production was reported for 1961 and 1962. The pegmatite 
bodies intruded along serpentine and sedimentary rocks over a 
strike length of several kilometres. The width varies between 10 
and 25 m. The bigger pegmatites to the north of the Machakwe 
River are rich in spodumene and lepidolite, the smaller pegmatites 
south of the river are rich in petalite. The pegmatite bodies strike 
N20° and dip with 70° to 90° to the west. Parts of the pegmatite 
are quite rich in tantalite-(Mn). 

Zimbabwe is the only African country with a history of successful 
exploitation of lithium bearing mineralisation. Zimbabwe is the 
world’s fifth largest lithium producer.

On Zulu, Premier has completed drilling work which confirmed the 
presence of mineralised pegmatites at depth. Pitting and sampling 
of the eluvial cover confirmed the presence of discrete grains of 
tantalite and scheelite in the overburden. To date, trenching and 
outcrop sampling by Premier have extended the length of the 
lithium pegmatite bodies to 3,500m underlining the potential for 
industrial scale mining. 

Besides the obvious production of lithium minerals (petalite, 
spodumene and lepidolite), the Zulu Pegmatite offers the 
potential to produce tantalite from hard rock and alluvial 
resources and feldspar and high purity quartz for the ceramic 
industry from the pegmatite. Yet unproven is the existence of 
pollucite, the only major caesium ore, and coloured gemstones 
like, for example, emerald. 

In June 2016 we reported initial test results of Zulu 
samples provided by Dorfner Analysenzentrum und 
Anlagenplanungsgesellschaft mbH. These included;

  •   1.55% Li2O reported in spodumene/lepidolite ore sample 

taken from the exploration adit. 

  •   1.23% Li2O reported in petalite ore sample. 

These high Li2O grades contained in the bulk samples are in 
line with exploration data. The process development being 
undertaken in Germany is directed to production of marketable 
spodumene and petalite concentrates, both of which are in 
demand particularly in the ceramics and glass industries and as 
a source for low impurity lithium. Premier is now concentrating 
efforts to better understand the complexities of this substantial 
multi-phase pegmatite and further develop the resource model. 

To remind shareholders, in late 2015, PREM undertook a mini-
bulk sampling programme where three composite samples, 
each weighing between 250 and 285kg were taken in the 
respective pegmatites zones (petalite, spodumene-lepidolite at 
surface and in spodumene-lepidolite in the exploration adit). 

We also announced in July 2016 that we had discovered excellent 
correlation between historic and current exploration programs 
that confirmed potential for massive lithium rich mineralisation. 
The completed 3D modelling of the Zulu pegmatite indicated 
a direct correlation of both historic data from Rhodesian 
Selection Trust (RST) with surface and drilling results from 
Premier’s more recent exploration activities. RST suggested a 
mineralised ore body over some 460 meters and to a depth of 
some 50 meters. Premier’s exploration on surface has extended 
the strike of the pegmatite to 3,500 meters and in limited 
drilling to test depth extension, has indicated continuity to 200 
meters. This represents a seven times increase on strike and 
a four times increase in depth and potentially increases RST’s 
exploration target most substantially. The ore body remains 
open on strike and depth. An exploration programme at Zulu 
will test the strike extensions to a limited depth and focus 
on establishing an initial code-compliant resource for Zulu. 
Bulk samples for flow sheet development are already at the 
laboratory and our intention is to target production of a saleable 
bulk concentrate in as low a capex operation as possible.

In September 2016, we announced to the market that we had 
commenced an extensive diamond drilling programme on Zulu. 
The drilling programme had two objectives. Firstly, to test for 
strike and depth extensions of the current known 3.5 kilometre 
surface strike length and secondly establish a maiden resource. 

In addition, we began a review of the strategic options for 
the development of Zulu and potential monetisation of value, 
including possible strategic partnerships and / or the possibility  
of a separate listing for Zulu.

We believe that the potential scale and size of Zulu is analogue 
to other world-class spodumene/pegmatite deposits hence 
we believe that Zulu has the potential to be a company making 
asset. Premier will also progress its review of strategic options 

8     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

for the development of Zulu and the options for unlocking 
value for the Company and its shareholders, including possible 
strategic partnerships and / or the possibility of a separate 
listing for Zulu Lithium. Separately, Zulu Lithium Mauritius 
Limited (Zulu Lithium) agreed terms with Mr. David Lenigas to 
conduct a consultant’s review of Zulu based on his expertise 
in the lithium development sector. The review will focus on the 
potential introduction to Zulu Lithium of third-party strategic 
investors and joint-venture partners at a corporate or project 
level as well as corporate or project-level debt and / or equity 
investments. Mr. David Lenigas will not have any involvement in 
the Group’s flagship tungsten operations at RHA nor its other 
projects. His appointment is advisory only and non-exclusive. 
Zulu Lithium agreed to pay Mr. David Lenigas in relation to the 
services a fee of £500 per month together with a warrant to 
subscribe for twenty-three million new ordinary shares in Premier 
African Minerals Limited. The warrant was exercisable from 1st 
February 2017 and valid for 3 years at a strike price 0.8 pence. 

Mr Lenigas is a seasoned natural resources executive with specific 
experience in helping unlock value from natural resources and we 
look forward to a successful outcome following this appointment.

The Zulu drilling programme consisting of 20-hole, 2,500m 
diamond drilling is underway. An initial 600m focused on the 
currently known strike boundaries in the north and south areas of 
Zulu. The remaining 1,900m targeted the spodumene zone in the 
south-centre in order to better define the main ore body, both 
along strike and at depth. 

Premier contracted Geodrill Private Limited, a local drilling 
contractor based in Bulawayo, to conduct the drilling programme. 
Logging and sample preparation will be conducted at RHA and 
the prepared pulps will be sent to SGS South Africa (Pty) Ltd for 
multi-element assays (sodium peroxide fusion followed by acid 
digestion and ICP-OES/ICP-MS). 

The first diamond core hole (ZDD-14) drilled at Zulu intersected 
9.5 metres of visual spodumene petalite lithium mineralisation, 
from a down hole depth of 10.5 metres Hole ZDD14 also 
intersected 14 meters of mineralisation from 11 meters down 
hole to 46 meters; and Hole ZDD16, 26 meters of mineralisation 
from 18 meters to 58 meters down hole. ZDD14 is located 
200 metres from the surface bulk sample area that previously 
reported grades of 1.55% Li2O. 

In October and November 2016 we reported to the market the 
results of the drill campaign at Zulu.

Significantly elevated tantalum (Ta2O5) grades were encountered 
in all holes sampled, with grades reported as high as 706 ppm 
Ta2O5 in borehole ZDD 14. Massive lithium enriched mineralised 
intersections in excess of 40 meters in hole ZDD-05, were also 
discovered. Greater than 2% lithium (as Li2O) grades were 
reported over bore hole intersections of up to 20 metres. Massive 
lithium enriched mineralised intersections in all 8 holes drilled 
were detected.

Zulu is shaping up to be a world-class asset with the interim 
results proving extremely encouraging and support the company’s 

view that Zulu has the potential to be one of the best hard rock 
lithium projects today. The tantalum grades proved even more 
significant when compared to the bell-weather Pilgangoora 
Lithium-Tantalum deposit, which is currently being developed 
in Australia by Pilbara Minerals Ltd and has reported generally 
lower tantalum grades than the current Zulu results received 
to date in their latest reserve statement in August 2016. Pilbara 
Minerals report that their Proved and Probable Ore Reserve  
are 69.8 million tonnes grading 1.26% Li2O (Spodumene) and  
132 ppm Ta2O5. 

Elevated Tantalum Results 

The Niobium (Nb2O5) and Tantalum (Ta2O5) results were assayed 
for niobium and tantalum at the company’s laboratory using 
a calibrated desk mounted XRF. The fact that Ta2O5 grade is 
significantly higher than Nb2O5 indicated that the Zulu pegmatites 
are highly differentiated pegmatites. Highly differentiated 
pegmatites have the best potential for high-grade Lithium, 
Tantalum and Cesium mineralisation. 

We experienced some interruption of our drilling activity because 
of unseasonal heavy rains, which served to delay reporting of the 
drill and assay results. However, we managed post reporting period 
to complete the 2,500 metre drilling programme. Operationally, 
we also intend to commence a Mobile Metals Ions (MMI) survey 
which is an innovative soil geochemical survey to detect hidden 
mineralisation in areas where the mineralisation isn’t outcropping. 
We hope that this innovation will help us gain more geological 
knowledge of Zulu as we begin to re-focus exploration efforts, now 
that RHA has moved into full operational phase. 

Post Reporting Period

We released a maiden resource statement on the 6th June 
2017, reporting a  SAMREC compliant inferred mineral resource 
estimate for Zulu of 20.1 million tonnes @ 1.06 % Li2O and  
51 ppm Ta2O5 using a cut-off grade of 0.5% Li2O, including  
7,159,048 tonnes @1.5% Li2O.

The resource estimate contained 526,000 tonnes of lithium 
carbonate equivalent (LCE) and 1,025 tonnes of tantalum pentoxide. 
The maiden resource estimate covered only 35% of Zulu’s known 
3.5km surface strike length and drilling continues in order to 
potentially upgrade and expand the mineral resource estimate.

Metallurgical test results from test work conducted in Germany 
by Dorfner Anzaplan are particularly pleasing both in the 
projected grades of concentrates that will be available, but also 
in the very low iron content that offers additional markets not 
only for spodumene and petatlite but also the potential for high 
grade feldspar and high purity quartz. Ongoing drilling at Zulu 
has yielded most encouraging mineralisation in the core and we 
confidently await assay results in the expectation that this will 
expand the compliant resource and add substantially to our initial 
confidence in this world class deposit.

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Strategic Report continued

Circum Minerals Limited

  •   Lowest quartile mine gate cash costs of US$38 per tonne of 

MOP and US$112 per tonne of SOP 

  •   Total operating costs (FOB Djibouti) of US$81 per tonne of 

Yemen

MOP and US$156 per tonne of SOP 

  •   Substantial transportation advantages to India, Southeast Asia 

and China 

Sudan

Eritrea

Circum 
Minerals

Ethiopia

  •   After-tax Net Present Value of US$2.1 billion, at a 10% real 

discount rate 

  •   After-tax nominal Internal Rate of Return of 25.8% 

Circum, together with their independent consultants Senet 
(Pty) Ltd of South Africa and K- UTEC AG Salt Technologies, 
reviewed the costs in the 2015 DFS. Through their work on 
the Optimized DFS, development, capital costs were reduced 
by US$276 million and projected operating costs were 
reduced by approximately US$3 per tonne. These reductions 
have had a favourable impact on the project economics. 

Post Reporting Period

Post reporting period we were delighted to learn that 
Circum’s application for a mining license for the Danakil 
Potash Project had been approved by the Council of 
Ministers of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia.

The mining agreement provides exclusive access over the 
4.9 billion tonnes NI 43-101 compliant potassium resource 
contained within the 365km2 license area for an initial period of 
20 years and is renewable indefinitely for further 10 year periods, 
provided that financial viability continues to be demonstrated. 
The License allows the exploitation of potassium-bearing 
minerals which exist at relatively shallow depths within the 
vast license area. The minerals will be exploited by solution 
mining, the lowest risk mining method suitable to this region, 
and will be processed by crystallization in solar ponds prior 
to final refining in a process plant. The combination of these 
techniques, which have already been proven by field trials 
in the license area, will return operating costs projected to 
be among the lowest in the global potash industry for both 
potassium chloride (MOP) and potassium sulphate (SOP). 

The award of the License follows the submission of a 
comprehensive set of pre-requisite data which included 
a definitive feasibility study, a social and environmental 
impact assessment (ESIA) and associated management 
plans and detailed production and financial models. 

With the mining license now in place our investment in Circum 
has been strengthened strategically. In value comparative 
terms, the much smaller Yara project to the south of Circum 
was recently funded on a valuation of US$200 million (i.e. 
equivalent to Circum at US$2 per Circum share). It is reasonable 
to conclude that Circum is likely to achieve a significantly higher 
value on its much bigger project. We remain a supportive 
shareholder of Circum and we are encouraged by the 
progress Circum is making in this reporting period where we 
consider our investment in Circum to be one that could help 
generate a positive liquidity event for our shareholders.

Somalia

Uganda

Kenya

2% Interest

Premier holds 2 million shares in Circum Minerals Limited, the 
owners of the Danakil Potash Project in Ethiopia. At present 
those shares are valued at US$4 million and this valuation is 
strongly supported by project fundamentals set out below.

In March 2017 we reported that we had been advised by Circum 
Minerals Ltd (Circum) that they had appointed Morgan Stanley to 
conduct a Strategic Review for the Danakil Project. This coincided 
with the release of results by Circum of the Optimized Definitive 
Feasibility Study for the Danakil project. The Optimized DFS 
improves a number of the project parameters set out in the 
original Definitive Feasibility Study completed in August 2015.

The Optimized DFS confirms that the company’s Danakil 
Project is expected to be a world-class project in terms of size 
and could potentially become the world’s lowest cost potash 
producer and a major supplier to the Asia Pacific markets.

We take this opportunity of reminding shareholders of the 
key highlights of the Optimized Definitive Feasibility Study.

  •   Measured, Indicated and Inferred Resources of 4.9 billion 

tonnes at 18.1% KCl 

  •   Seismic data suggests a potential total resource of 12 to  

14 billion tonnes 

  •   Proven and Probable Reserves of 107.8 million tonnes of  

KCl equivalent 

  •   Expected annual production of 2 million tonnes of MOP and 

750,000 tonnes of SOP for Phase I 

  •   Reserves support 26 year mine life for Phase I, including a 

three year ramp-up period 

  •   Development capital for Phase I of US$2.3 billion (including 

contingency) with peak funding of US$1.8 billion due to early 
revenue from initial production 

  •   Low capital intensity per tonne of annual production at 

US$838 per tonne 

10     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

TCT Industrias Florestais Limitada

52% Interest

opportunity in a region that the company currently operates 
and that TCT’s limestone and timber interests complement the 
company’s current portfolio of natural resource interests. 

In April 2016, we announced a major transaction and addition to 
our portfolio through the terms to acquire an initial 52% interest 
in Mozambique-based TCT Industrias Florestais Limitada (TCT).  
We subsequently successfully completed the acquisition at the 
end of October 2016.

TCT owns a substantial limestone deposit located on rail in 
the Sofala Province of Mozambique and is the holder of the 
exploration licence together with significant forestry operations. 

Main Limestone Asset

TCT holds exploration rights over a limestone deposit that covers 
27km2. The limestone deposit is situated 20 km southwest of 
Caia. The Tete/Beira rail link, complete with 3-line siding, runs 
adjacent to the northern boundary of the property. Early test 
work on surface material indicates acceptable grades of CaCO3 
for limestone for cement production; solubility suitable for Agri-
lime; and material that is expected to be suitable for aggregates 
production. An existing market and available infrastructure 
significantly adds to the early development potential of the 
deposit. Import replacement supports local demand for lime for 
cement production, agricultural applications and aggregates. 

Tanzania

Malawi

Mozambique

TCT Industrias Florestais 

Zambia

Zimbabwe

Rationale

South
Africa

TCT’s current operating and award winning forest operations 
provide a hedge for exploration risk and when the forest and 
tourism operations are cash generative, will also mitigate 
exploration expenditure. TCT operations are expected to be self-
sustaining from an early stage.

Background to the Acquisition 

In accordance with our stated strategy, Premier’s business 
objective is to find, invest and acquire interests in low capex 
potentially near-term production assets. The Board of 
Premier believes that the TCT limestone project provides this 

TCT in Detail

TCT is an unlisted Mozambique natural resources company, 
which has an early stage 27km2 limestone exploration license in 
Mozambique. In addition, TCT has a 24,821 hectare hardwood 
forestry concession located in central Mozambique, with allied 
milling and furniture manufacture and semi-finished goods export.

TCT is the operator of the limestone exploration license and 
this is valid for 2 years from the date of formal grant in March 
2016, and is renewable for up to 10 years in total. The work 
commitments under the exploration license are set out in 
an approved exploration programme that is budgeted at 
US$200,000. There has been limited exploration work to date 
on the limestone deposit and there is no current resource, 
although there is evidence of historic small scale mining 
activity. The company plans to commence an initial exploration 
and assessment work programme on the limestone deposit. 
The approved exploration programme is fully funded. 

In addition to its limestone project, TCT also has existing forestry 
operations that are expected to contribute significantly to cash 
flows from an early stage. The Forestry concession is valid 
for another 10 years and is permitted to cut up to 3,000 m3 
per annum, over and above historically cut and dead timber.
At present TCT produces a range of Mozambique hardwoods 
and either exports top grade kiln dried timber in unfinished or 
semi-finished form. Bespoke furniture and a number of allied 
timber items are produced from timbers that are highly rated 
in both Germany and the UK. Located within the forest area, 
TCT operates a 32 bed lodge and a 9,963- hectare game farm 
and hunting concession. This concession is valid until 2065. 

TCT is a private Mozambique company and its accounts are 
un-audited. The most recent available accounts for TCT are for 
the year ended 31 December 2014. TCT’s turnover for the year 
ended 31 December 2014 amounted to US$1 million, principally 
comprising sales of timber and wood-based products under 
the Dalmann brand. No sales of limestone aggregate were 
reported as the limestone project is at an exploration stage of 
development. TCT’s loss before taxation for the same period 
amounted to US$128,000. Total assets as at 31 December 2014 
amounted to US$537,000. Further details on TCT’s activities 
are available from their website at www.dalmann.com. 

Deal Structure

The agreement to acquire was secured through an initial 
26% interest in TCT from Transport Commodity Trading 
Mozambique Limitada (TCTM) and a further 26% interest from 
GAPI Sociedade de Investimentos S.A. (GAPI), in aggregate 
amounting to 52% for a total consideration of US$2.1 million. 

Pursuant to the agreement with TCTM, the Company conditionally 
agreed to acquire TCTM’s 26% interest in TCT (the TCT 
Agreement) for a consideration of US$1.1 million, payable in 

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     11

 
Strategic Report continued

4 tranches in either new Premier Ordinary Shares or cash (at 
the discretion of TCTM). The first tranche of the consideration 
amounts to US$440,000 and is payable to TCTM on satisfaction 
of the conditions precedent to the transaction. The remaining 
US$560,000 payable in three equal instalments 60, 90 and 
120 days after the date of completion of the acquisition. 

Prem also entered into a conditional Promise of Sale and 
Purchase Agreement with GAPI pursuant to which the company 
agreed to acquire GAPI’s 26% interest in TCT (the GAPI 
Agreement). The consideration payable to GAPI amounts to 
US$1.0 million and is payable in five tranches. The initial tranche 
of the consideration amounts to US$220,000 in cash and 
payable to GAPI on satisfaction of the conditions precedent to 
the transaction and will be held in escrow pending completion. 
The balance of US$780,000 is payable in four equal instalments 
of US$195,000 in either new Premier Ordinary Shares or cash 
(at the discretion of GAPI) (GAPI Deferred Payments) with 
the first GAPI Deferred Payment of US$190,000 due on the 
thirteenth (13th) month following completion and the next 
payment every six months thereafter. The GAPI Deferred 
Payments bear interest at the rate of LIBOR plus 2%. The GAPI 
Agreement is conditional, inter alia, on no material adverse 
change in either TCT or Premier’s business or operations, 
third party consents and Bank of Mozambique approval. 

The total consideration payable under the TCTM Agreement  
and the GAPI Agreement amounts in aggregate to US$2.1 million 
(equivalent to approximately £1,460,000). 

Premier has also entered into a binding memorandum of 
understanding with TCTM, GAPI and the other shareholders 
of TCT (the MOU) which set out the relationship between the 
shareholders and certain rights and obligations. Under the MOU, 
and entirely at Premier’s sole discretion, Premier agreed to fund 
the limestone exploration programme and TCT’s operations 
by way of a loan of up to US$1 million, subject to receiving 
necessary Mozambique central bank consent. Premier will have 
the right to convert amounts provided under the TCT loan into 
TCT equity as and when the loan totals US$1 million. When the 
TCT loan is converted, Premier’s maximum interest in aggregate 
in TCT would increase to 68%. For so long as any GAPI Deferred 
Payments remain outstanding, conversion of the TCT Loan 
would be conditional on the prior written consent of GAPI. 

Pursuant to the MOU, Premier also has a right of first refusal over 
the remaining TCT shares on terms to be determined at such time 
that it exercises the right.

CASA Mining Limited

Democratic 
Republic of 
Congo

CASA Mining 
Limited

4.5% Interest

In October of the reporting period, we announced that we had 
acquired a 4.5% stake in Casa Mining Limited (CASA), a private 
company registered in Mauritius that holds prospective gold 
mining and exploration licences in the Democratic Republic of 
Congo and which is the 71.25% owner and operator of the Missi 
Gold Project located in Sputh Kivu, which is approximately 350km 
south of Bukavu and 180km north of Kalemie. To help support 
the acquisition we raised £300,000 (before costs and expenses) 
through the issue of new Ordinary Shares at an issue price of 0.32 
pence per new Ordinary Share. 

The acquisition of a stake in CASA, added a gold asset which 
we consider a valuable addition and one that filled a gap within 
our portfolio where previously we offered our shareholders no 
exposure to the precious metals sector. We have now rectified 
that omission.

The CASA licence holdings consist of three contiguous mining 
licenses (133km2), issued in March 2015 and valid for 30 years. These 
licenses, which encompass a 60km strike length of the Tanganyika 
graben within the Rusizian belt (“Misisi Corridor”), include the 
Akyanga deposit along with the Lubitchako, Tulongwe, Kilombwe and 
Mutshobwe prospects (targets). Over the last six years approximately 
US$30m was spent by CASA developing these licenses. In addition to 
the regional geophysical surveys completed over these license areas 
in 2011, CASA has carried out 19,522m of diamond drilling, 2,720m 
of reverse circulation drilling and excavated 6,274 line metres of 
trenches on their respective licenses. 

At CASA’s most advanced project, the Akyanga deposit, SRK 
reported a JORC compliant Mineral Resource with a US$1,200/oz 
gold selling price and 0.5 g/t Au cut-off grade optimised pit shell, 
which comprises a gross Inferred oxide gold Mineral Resource 
of 5.5 Mt at a grade of 1.5 g/t Au for approximately 272 koz 
of contained metal. SRK has further reported a gross Inferred 
transition gold Mineral Resource of 16.2 Mt at a grade of 1.8 g/t 
Au for approximately 927 koz of contained metal. 

Following detailed structural geological reinterpretation of the 
deposit, the above resource has now been revised by African Mining 
Consultants (“AMC”) to a JORC-compliant Inferred Mineral Resource 
of 1,046,000 oz Au at an average grade of 2.27 g/t Au, using a 
US$1,250/oz gold price and a conservative 1.5 g/t Au cut-off grade.

12     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

Principal Activities and Strategic Review of the Business

The principal activity of Premier African Minerals Limited (Premier or the Company) and its subsidiary companies 
(the Group) during the year under review is the mining, exploration, evaluation development and investment in 
natural resource properties on the African continent. During the year, the Group moved from primary explorer 
and developer to producer with its flagship project, the RHA Tungsten Mine, located in Zimbabwe.

Premier was incorporated on 21 August 2007 in the British Virgin Islands (BVI) as a BVI business company with 
number 1426861. The registered office is Craigmuir Chambers, PO Box 71, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands. 
The Company was admitted to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s AIM Market on 10 December 2012.

Objectives

RHA

Circum

During the period under review, the primary focus of the company 
was to ensure that teething issues encountered during the mine 
commissioning phase that resulted in a suspension of mining 
operations, could be rectified in order to enable RHA to move into 
steady production output to attain cash flow revenues. 

With a mining licence now secured on the flagship Danakil 
Potash Project, our objective in connection with what is a small 
shareholding in Circum, is to remain vigilant and supportive as 
our investment exposure enters a new period and react to any 
opportunity to expand our interest in this tier 1 project.

With those commissioning challenges now being managed,  
the primary focus will be to ensure RHA attains steady  
production flows in line with the capacity of the mining and 
processing plant capabilities. 

Further, we want to undertake further resource technical and 
geological work to determine the possibility of adding further 
resources to the asset base of RHA.

Zulu

Following the securing of a maiden resource estimate, the 
objective is to undertake further metallurgical test-work and 
with our advisers explore corporate actions that could serve to 
release value for the company from what is emerging as a globally 
significant technology metals asset.

CASA

As a supportive shareholder, we are working with CASA to provide 
support during a period when an important drill programme is 
under way that could result in a significant increase in the gold 
resource at Misisi. Should such an outcome occur, we consider 
CASA will become an attractive acquisition target for a major gold 
mining company, or become suitable for a public market listing, 
where our objective for CASA is to ensure our shareholding 
secures maximum value for our shareholders as the Misisi project 
moves up the value curve.

TCT

As a cash generating component within our portfolio, our objective 
with TCT is to work with the company to provide as much financial 
reporting transparency as possible so as to feed the financial 
and operation performance of TCT back to our shareholders and 
the market. We also intend to work to advance exploration and 
development work on their limestone asset acreage.

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     13

Principal Risks and Uncertainties

The Group is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties 
which could have a material effect on its business, operations 
or future performance, including but not limited to:

Operating Risks

The activities of the Group are subject to all of the hazards and 
risks normally incidental to exploring and developing natural 
resource projects. These risks and uncertainties include, but are 
not limited to environmental hazards, industrial accidents, labour 
disputes, geo-political risks, encountering unusual or unexpected 
geologic formations or other geological or grade problems, 
unanticipated changes in rock formation characteristics and 
mineral recovery, encountering unanticipated ground or water 
conditions, land slips, flooding, periodic interruptions due to 
inclement or hazardous weather conditions and other acts of  
God or un-favourable operating conditions and losses.

Should any of these risks and hazards affect the Group’s 
exploration, development or mining activities, it may cause the 
cost of production to increase to a point where it would no longer 
be economic to extract minerals from the Group’s properties, 
require the Group to write-down the carrying value of one or 
more of its assets, cause delays or a stoppage of mining and 
processing, result in the destruction of mineral properties or 
processing facilities, cause death or personal injury and related 
legal liability, any and all of which may have a material adverse 
effect on the Group.

Early Stage Business Risk

The Group has recently recorded some revenue from operations 
at RHA and is expected to generate ongoing revenue as mining 
operations become more stable. The Group’s success will 
depend on its ability to raise capital and generate cash flows 
from production in the future. The Board manages this risk by 
monitoring cash levels and reviewing cash flow forecasts on a 
regular basis.

Early Stage Project Risk

The Group’s flagship project, RHA Tungsten, has moved into 
production during 2017 but all other projects are at an early stage 
of development. In advancing these projects to the stage where 
they may be cash generative, many risks are faced, including 
the inherent uncertainty of discovering commercially viable 
reserves, the capital costs of exploration, competition from other 
projects seeking financing and operating in remote and often 
politically unstable environments. While discovery of a mineral 
deposit may result in substantial rewards, few properties that 
are explored are ultimately developed into economically viable 
operating mines. Major expenditure may be required to establish 
reserves and it is possible that even preliminary due diligence will 
show adverse results, leading to the abandonment of projects. 
Whether a mineral deposit will become commercially viable 
depends on a number of factors, some of which are the particular 
attributes of the deposit, proximity to infrastructure, financing 
costs and governmental regulations. The effect of these factors 
can only be estimated and cannot be accurately predicted.

Environmental Risks and Hazards

All phases of the Group’s operations are subject to environmental 
regulation in the areas in which it operates. Environmental 
legislation is evolving in a manner that may require stricter 
standards and enforcement, increased fines and penalties for 
non-compliance, more stringent environmental assessments 
of proposed projects and a heightened degree of responsibility 
for companies and their officers, directors and employees. 
There is no assurance that existing or future environmental 
regulation will not materially adversely affect the Group’s 
business, financial condition and results of operations. 
Environmental hazards may exist on the properties on which 
the Group holds interests that are unknown to the Group 
at present. The Board manages this risk by working with 
environmental consultants and by engaging with the relevant 
governmental departments and other concerned stakeholders.

Political and Regulatory Risk

The Group’s operating activities in Africa, notably in Zimbabwe, 
Togo and Mozambique, are subject to laws and regulations 
governing expropriation of property, health and worker 
safety, employment standards, waste disposal, protection 
of the environment, mine development, land and water use, 
prospecting, mineral production, exports, taxes, labour standards, 
occupational health standards, toxic wastes, the protection 
of endangered and protected species and other matters. The 
Group is dependent on the political and economic situation 
in these countries and may be adversely impacted by political 
factors such as expropriation, war, terrorism, insurrection and 
changes to laws governing mineral exploration and operations.

Internal Control and Financial Risk Management

The Board has overall responsibility for the Group’s systems of 
internal control and for reviewing their effectiveness. The Group 
maintains systems which are designed to provide reasonable 
but not absolute assurance against material loss and to manage 
rather than eliminate risk.

The key features of the Group’s systems of internal control are  
as follows:

  •   Management structure with clearly identified responsibilities;

  •   Production of timely and comprehensive historical 
management information presented to the Board;

  •   Detailed budgeting and forecasting;

  •   Day to day hands on involvement of the Executive Directors 

and Senior Management; and

  •   Regular board and meetings and discussions with the Non-

executive directors.

The Group’s activities expose it to a number of financial risks 
including cash flow risk, liquidity risk and foreign currency risk.

Disclosure of management’s objectives, exposure and policies  
in relation to these risks can be found in note 31 to these  
financial statements.

14     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

Environmental Policy

The Group is aware of the potential impact that its subsidiary 
companies may have on the environment. The Group ensures 
that it complies with all local regulatory requirements and seeks  
to implement a best practice approach to managing 
environmental aspects.

The RHA Tungsten Project located in Zimbabwe was granted 
approval of its Environmental Impact Assessment and is permitted 
to undertake mining operations by the Environmental Management 
Agency of Zimbabwe.

Health and Safety

The Group’s aim is to achieve and maintain a high standard of 
workplace safety. In order to achieve this objective the Group 
provides ongoing training and support to employees and sets 
demanding standards for workplace safety.

Going Concern

These consolidated financial statements are prepared on the going 
concern basis. The going concern basis assumes that the Group will 
continue in operation for the foreseeable future and will be able to 
realise its assets and discharge its liabilities and commitments in 
the normal course of business. The Group has incurred significant 
operating losses and negative cash flows from operations as the 
Group continued to move from a development and exploration 
company into operations during the year under review. 

During the year, the Group raised US$5.528 million in net 
funding through share and warrant subscriptions to fund further 
investment in the RHA Tungsten Mine to improve production, 
exploration at Zulu, to acquire a minor stake in the unlisted Casa 
Mining and to fund working capital. 

Immediately subsequent to the year-end, the Group raised 
a further US$615,000 (£550,000) through the further issue 
of Loan Notes. In January 2017, the Group raised a further 
US$1.277 million (£1.020 million) through a direct subscription 
for new shares, whilst in March 2017; the Group raised further 
gross proceeds of US$2.512 million (£2.0 million) through an 
underwritten offer through PrimaryBid.com. There remains an 
active and very liquid market for the Group’s shares.  

The  Directors have prepared cash flow forecasts for the period 
ended 31 December 2018, taking into account forecast operating 
cash flow and capital expenditure requirements for its RHA 
Tungsten mine, operating cash flows at TCT, available working 
capital and forecast expenditure for the rest of the Group 
including overheads and other development costs.  The forecasts 
include additional funding requirements which the directors 
believe will be met.

In the event that RHA fails to meet revenue predictions from 
the end of Q3, and any other relevant risk factor discussed in 
regard to RHA arises, the Group will need to obtain additional 
debt finance or equity to fund its operations and other project 
development activities for the period to 31 December 2018. The 

cash flow forecast is as much dependent on production targets 
being met at RHA, as the price of APT remaining stable during the 
period to 31 December 2018. 

The Board believes it has a valuable asset in the Zulu Lithium 
and Tantalum exploration project and is considering a number of 
approaches that have been made that may result in a sale of all or 
part of this asset and a resultant liquidity event.

The Board also believes that it has a valuable asset in the 
Circum shares whose estimated fair value at 31 December 2016 
remained at US$4 million.

After careful consideration of those matters set out above, the 
Directors are of the opinion that the Group will be able to obtain 
adequate resources to enable it to undertake its planned activities 
for the period to 31 December 2018  from production and from 
additional fund raising and have prepared the consolidated 
financial statements on the going concern basis. Nevertheless due 
to the uncertainties inherent in meeting its revenue predictions 
and obtaining additional fund raising there can be no certainty 
in these respects. The financial statements do not include 
any adjustments that would result if the Group was unable to 
continue as a going concern.  

George Roach
Chief Executive Officer & Executive Chairman
7 July 2017

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Directors’ Report

Results

The audited financial statements for the year ended 31 December 
2016 are set out on pages 20 to 60. The Group realised a loss 
before and after tax of US$5,632,000 for the year ended  
31 December 2016 (31 December 2015: US$7,862,000).

The operating loss includes:

  -   A gross loss of  US$458,000 (2015: US$1,453,000);

  -   Depreciation and amortisation expense of US$1,456,000  

(2015: US$714,000);

  -   No impairment charge on exploration and evaluation assets in 

2016 (2015: US$844,000)

  -   Administration expenses totalled US$2,999,000 (31 December 

2017 the Company raised further gross proceeds of £2.0 million 
through an underwritten offer through PrimaryBid.com. There 
remains an active and very liquid market for the Group’s shares.

Borrowings

During the prior year the Chairman had provided bridge loan 
financing of US$550,000, of which US$247,000 was converted to 
equity during 2016. Subsequent to the year end the balance was 
converted through the issue of equity. 

The US$250,000 unsecured loan from AgriMinco Corp was settled 
subsequent to the year end. 

Further information on these transactions is included in note 22.

2015: US$3,132,000)

Other Key Elements of Financial Position

  -   Finance costs totalled US$721,000 (2015: US$1,719,000)

Dividends

As the Group moved closer to production during the year and 
incurred losses during financial year 2016, the Directors do not 
recommend the payment of a dividend in respect of the year  
under review.    

Fund-Raising and Capital

During the 2016 financial year, net funds of US$5,528,000 (2015: 
US$2,218,000) were raised through equity and direct subscriptions 
from the issue of share capital.

Darwin

During the year the Company raised net proceeds of US$2,350,000 
(2015: US$4,142,000) from the issue of loan notes to Darwin 
Strategic Limited (“Darwin”) primarily to fund the construction of 
the RHA Tungsten Project. As noted in the prior year, loan notes 
outstanding at the year end with a gross value of £1,125,000 were 
fully settled by the issue of equity during the 2016 year. 

In August 2016, the Company entered into a new Loan Note 
agreement with Darwin for up to US$4,609,000 (£3,500,000) 
and issued Loan note 1 with a gross value of US$2,305,000 
(£1,750,000) on that date. During November 2016 Darwin 
converted US$310,000 (£250,000) into equity.  A further issue 
of loan notes was made on 19 December for a gross value of 
US$681,000 (£550,000).

Subsequent to the yearend further loan notes with a gross value 
of US$677,000 (£550,000) were issued and during January and 
February 2017 all outstanding loan notes were redeemed through 
the issue of equity.

Further information on the Darwin Loan Notes is provided in 
notes 24 and 25.

Subscription for shares

In January 2017, the Company raised a further £1.0 million 
through a direct subscription for new shares, whilst in March 

The intangible assets increased during the period through 
the provisional valuations of the TCT limestone assets of 
US$1,968,000 and the forestry concession of US$1,022,000. 
Goodwill amounting to US$1,034,000 (2015: US$ Nil) has been 
recognised on the acquisition of TCT. Exploration and Evaluation 
costs of US$276,000 were capitalised on the Zulu Lithium and 
Tantalite Project in Zimbabwe.

Some US$1,078,000 was invested in the acquisition of property, 
plant and equipment during the year (2015: US$5,937,000) whilst 
an additional investments of US$250,000 was made in available-
for-sale assets (2015: US$ Nil). 

Events After the Reporting Date

At the date these financial statements were approved, the Directors 
were not aware of any significant events after the reporting date 
other than those set out in note 34 to the financial statements.

Directors

The Directors of Premier who served during the period or 
subsequently were:

  •   George Roach (appointed on incorporation April 2007);

  •   Pamela Hueston (resigned 27 July 2016);

  •   John (Ian) Stalker (appointed 4 December 2012, reappointed 

22 April 2016);

  •   Michael Foster (appointed 26 February 2015);

  •   Russel Swarts (appointed 19 January 2017)

Share Capital

Premier’s shares are publicly traded on AIM with the stock ticker 
of PREM.

As at the date of this report the Company’s issued share capital 
consists of 4,391,022,019 Ordinary Shares of no par value.

The company does not hold any Ordinary Shares in treasury.

16     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

Major Shareholders

As at the date of this report the Company is aware of the following 
persons who hold, directly or indirectly, voting rights representing 
3% or more of the issued share capital of the Company to which 
voting rights are attached:

Name

Number of  
Ordinary Shares

% Issued  
Share Capital

George Roach*

461,787,134

10.5%

* George Roach and/or structures associated with G Roach.

The percentage of shares not held in public hands is 19.91%.

There are no restrictions on the transfer of the Company’s AIM securities.

Corporate Governance

The Directors observe the requirements of the UK Corporate 
Governance Code as modified by the recommendations of 
the Quoted Companies Alliance (“QCA”) to the extent they are 
considered appropriate in light of the Company’s size, stage of 
development and resources.

Board Structure

At the reporting year-end, the Board had four directors, three of 
whom are non-executive.

One executive director resigned on the 27th July 2016. 

A new director was appointed on the 19th January 2017.

The Board is responsible for the management of the business 
of the Group, setting its strategic direction and establishing 
appropriate policies. It is the Directors’ responsibility to oversee 
the financial position of the Company and monitor its business 
and affairs on behalf of the Shareholders, to whom they are 
accountable. The primary duty of the Board is to act in the best 
interests of the Company at all times. The Board also addresses 
issues relating to internal control and risk management. The Non-
executive Directors bring a wide range of skills and experience to 
the Company, as well as independent judgment on strategy, risk 
and performance. The Non-executive Directors are considered by 
the Board to be independent at the date of this report.

Board Committees

Audit Committee

financial management to review the annual and interim financial 
statements of the Company, oversees the Company’s accounting 
and financial reporting processes, the Company’s internal 
accounting controls and the resolution of issues identified by the 
Company’s auditors. 

Remuneration Committee

The Remuneration Committee comprises of Mr Ian Stalker and Mr 
Michael Foster and is chaired by Mr Stalker. The Remuneration 
Committee assumes general responsibility for assisting the 
Board in respect of remuneration policies for Premier.  The 
Committee reviews and recommends remuneration strategies 
for the Company and proposals relating to compensation for 
the Company’s officers, directors and consultants and assesses 
the performance of the officers of the Company in fulfilling 
their responsibilities and meeting corporate objectives. It has 
the responsibility for, inter alia, administering share and cash 
incentive plans and programmes for Directors and employees 
and for approving (or making recommendations to the Board on) 
share and cash awards for Directors and employees.

Disclosure Committee

The Disclosure Committee comprises of Mr Michael Foster 
and Mr Ian Stalker and is chaired by Mr Foster. The Disclosure 
Committee assumes general responsibility for approval and 
monitoring compliance with the Company’s disclosure controls 
and procedures. It has the responsibility, inter alia, determining 
whether information is inside information, deciding whether the 
inside information is to be announced as soon as possible and 
reviewing the scope, content and accuracy of disclosure. The 
Company has adopted a share dealing code governing the share 
dealings of the Directors and applicable employees during close 
periods and is in accordance with Rule 21 of the AIM Rules.

Nomination Committee

The Nomination Committee meets as required to consider the 
composition of and succession planning for the Board, and to 
lead the process of appointments to the Board. The Committee is 
made up of Mr George Roach and Mr Ian Stalker, and is chaired 
by Mr Roach.

AIM Compliance Committee

The AIM Compliance Committee comprises Mr Ian Stalker and Mr 
Michael Foster and is chaired by Mr Stalker. The AIM Compliance 
Committee is responsible for monitoring compliance with AIM 
Rules and to liaise with the Company’s Nominated Advisor.

Statement of Disclosure of Information to Auditors

The Audit Committee, which comprises of Mr Michael Foster, Mr 
Russel Swarts and Mr Ian Stalker, and is chaired by Mr Stalker, is 
responsible for the appointment of auditors and the audit fee, 
and for ensuring that the financial performance of the Company 
is properly monitored and reported. The Audit Committee, inter 
alia, meets with the Company’s external auditor and its senior 

As at the date of this report, the Directors confirm that so far as each 
Director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which 
the Company’s auditor is unaware; and each Director has taken all 
the steps that he ought to have taken as a Director in order to make 
himself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that 
the Company’s auditor is aware of that information.

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     17

Directors’ Report continued

Auditor

RSM UK Audit LLP has indicated its willingness to continue in 
office as auditor.

Directors’ Responsibilities in Respect of the Preparation of 
Financial Statements

The Directors are responsible for preparing the financial 
statements in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. 
The Directors prepare group financial statements for each 
financial year. The Directors are required by the AIM Rules of the 
London Stock Exchange (“AIM Rules”) to prepare group financial 
statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards (“IFRS”) as adopted by the European Union (“EU”).

The group financial statements are required by IFRS as adopted 
by the EU to present fairly the financial position and performance 
of the Group. In preparing the group financial statements, the 
Directors are required to:

  •   Select suitable accounting policies and then apply  

them consistently;

  •   Make judgments and accounting estimates that are 

reasonable and prudent.

  •   State whether they have been prepared in accordance with 

IFRSs adopted by the EU; and

  •   Prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis 
unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Group will 
continue in business.

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting 
records that are sufficient to show and explain the Group’s 
transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time 
the financial position of the Group. They are also responsible 
for safeguarding the assets of the Group and hence for taking 
reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and 
other irregularities. The Directors are responsible for ensuring 
that the Annual Report includes information required by the  
AIM Rules.

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of 
the corporate and financial information included on the Premier 
African Minerals Limited website. The Company’s website is 
maintained in accordance with AIM Rule 26. Legislation in the British 
Virgin Islands governing the preparation and dissemination of the 
financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

Signed on behalf of the Board of Directors

George Roach
Chief Executive Officer & Executive Chairman
7 July 2017

18     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

NON-STATUTORY INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE 
MEMBERS OF PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS LIMITED

Opinion on Non-Statutory Financial Statements

We have audited the group non-statutory financial statements 
for the year ended 31 December 2016 on pages 20 to 60.  The 
financial reporting framework that has been applied in their 
preparation is International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) 
as adopted by the European Union.  

The fair values of the limestone exploration license and forestry 
concession have been determined on a provisional basis because 
management have not yet completed the fair value exercises.  
Any subsequent change in identification of assets acquired or the 
valuation of these assets will impact the fair value of intangible 
assets and also goodwill, deferred tax and non-controlling 
interests arising in respect of the business combination.

In our opinion the group non-statutory financial statements:

  •   Give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s affairs as at 
31 December 2016 and of its loss for the year then ended; and

  •   Have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as 

adopted by the European Union.

Emphasis of Matter – Carrying Value of Property, Plant and 
Equipment and Going Concern

In forming our opinion on the financial statements, which is not 
modified, we have considered the adequacy of the disclosures 
made in notes 4 and 5 of the financial statements concerning 
the recoverability of mine assets included in property, plant and 
equipment and the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern.

  •   Carrying value of property, plant and equipment (“PPE”) – note 
4 describes the key assumptions that management have 
made in the value in use calculation for the RHA mine cash 
generating unit in concluding that the carrying amount of its 
PPE of US$9.4 million is not impaired. The key assumptions 
include production volumes, grade and wolframite prices, as 
well as discount rate and mine life.  As the mine is at an early 
stage of production, there can be no certainty over these 
assumptions, which indicates the existence of a material 
uncertainty in respect of the carrying value of property, plant 
and equipment.

  •   Going concern – note 5 describes the uncertainty over 

production volumes and sales prices achievable at the RHA 
mine on which the cash flow forecasts are based and the need 
for additional fund-raising in the next 12 months, on which the 
Group is dependent in order to continue operating as a going 
concern.   These factors indicate the existence of a material 
uncertainty which may cast significant doubt about the group’s 
ability to continue as a going concern.

The financial statements do not include the adjustments that 
would result if the group was unable to continue as a going 
concern or adjustments were required to the carrying value of 
property, plant and equipment.

Emphasis of Matter – Identification and Valuation of 
Intangible Assets Acquired in a Business Combination 

In forming our opinion on the financial statements, which is not 
modified, we have considered the adequacy of the disclosures 
made in notes 4 and 14 of the financial statements concerning 
the identification and valuation of intangible assets acquired in 
the acquisition of TCT.

Scope of the Audit of the Non-Statutory  
Financial Statements

A description of the scope of an audit of financial statements is 
provided on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at http://
www.frc.org.uk/auditscopeukprivate

Matters on which we are Engaged to Report by Exception

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters 
where we are engaged to report to you, if in our opinion:

  •   We have not received all the information and  

explanations we require for our audit.

Respective Responsibilities of Directors and Auditor

As more fully explained in the Directors’ Responsibilities 
Statement set out on page 21, the directors are responsible for 
the preparation of the group non-statutory financial statements 
and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view.  
Our responsibility is to audit and express an opinion on the 
group non-statutory financial statements in accordance with 
International Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland).  Those 
standards require us to comply with the Auditing Practices 
Board’s (APB’s) Ethical Standards for Auditors.

This non-statutory report is made solely to the company’s 
members, as a body, in accordance with the terms of our 
engagement dated 11 March 2016.  Our non-statutory audit work 
has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s 
members those matters we are required to state to them in a 
non-statutory auditor’s report and for no other purpose.  To 
the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume 
responsibility to anyone other than the company and the 
company’s members as a body, for our non-statutory audit work, 
for this non-statutory report, or for the opinions we have formed.

RSM UK AUDIT LLP 
Chartered Accountants
25 Farringdon Street
London
EC4A 4AB

7 July 2017

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     19

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For the year ended 31 December 2016

Revenue

Cost of sales

Gross loss

Administrative expenses

Depreciation and amortisation expense

Impairment of exploration and evaluation assets

Operating loss

Finance costs

Loss before income tax

Income tax expense

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive income:

Items that may be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss:

Gain arising on available-for-sale financial asset

Foreign exchange translation 

Notes

7

8

16

13

10

11

15

2016
$ 000

192

(650)

(458)

(2,869)

(1,584)

-

(4,911)

(721)

(721)

(5,632)

-

2015
$ 000

103

(1,556)

(1,453)

(3,132)

(714)

(844)

(6,143)

(1,719)

(1,719)

(7,862)

-

(5,632)

(7,862)

-

(65)

(65)

1,500

50

1,550

Total comprehensive income for the year

(5,697)

(6,312)

Loss attributable to:

Owners of the parent 

Non-controlling interests

Loss for the year

Total comprehensive income attributable to:

Owners of the parent

Non-controlling interests

(3,405)

(2,227)

(5,992)

(1,870)

(5,632)

(7,862)

(3,470)

(2,227)

(4,442)

(1,870)

Total comprehensive income for the year

(5,697)

(6,312)

Loss per share (expressed in US cents)

Basic and diluted loss per share

12

(0.2c)

(0.1c)

The notes on pages 24 to 60 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

20     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
For the year ended 31 December 2016

ASSETS
Non-current assets
Intangible exploration and evaluation assets
Other intangible assets
Goodwill
Investments
Property, plant and equipment
Other receivables

Current assets
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents

TOTAL ASSETS

LIABILITIES
Non-current liabilities
Other financial liabilities
Borrowings
Deferred tax
Provisions

Current liabilities
Bank overdraft
Trade and other payables
Other financial liabilities
Borrowings
Loan notes
Derivative financial instruments

TOTAL LIABILITIES
NET ASSETS

EQUITY
Share capital
Merger reserve
Foreign exchange reserve
Share based payment reserve
Loan note warrants
Retained earnings
Total equity attributable to the owners of the parent company

Non-controlling interests

TOTAL EQUITY

Notes

13
13
14
15
16
19

18
19

21
22
11
23

20
21
22
24
24

25
26
27
28
24

33

2016
$ 000

5,436
1,022
1,034
4,250
9,585
196
21,523

335
268
399
1,002
22,525

(937)
-
(983)
(809)
(2,729)

(155)
(2,615)
(1,370)
(566)
(1,874)
-
(6,580)
(9,309)
13,216

26,856
(176)
284
1,284
562
(12,878)
 15,932

(2,716)

13,216

2015
$ 000

3,192
-
-
4,000
9,918
255
17,365

183
426
45
654
18,019

(180)
(259)
-
(735)
(1,174)

(62)
(3,049)
(10)
(549)
   (1,230)
(194)
(5,094)
(6,268)
11,751

21,469
(176)
349
1,079
-
(9,473)
13,248

(1,497)

11,751

These financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board on 7 July 2017 and are signed on its behalf.

George Roach
Chief Executive Officer

The notes on pages 24 to 60 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     21

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
As at 31 December 2016

Notes

2016
$ 000

2015
$ 000

Net cash outflow from operating activities

Investing activities

Property, plant and equipment expenditure

Exploration and evaluation expenditure

Purchase of available-for-sale financial assets

Cash acquired TCT

Proceeds from sale of investment in Joint Venture

Net cash used in investing activities

Financing activities

Proceeds from borrowings

Net proceeds from issue of loan notes

Net proceeds from issue of share capital

Finance charges

Repayment of finance lease

Net cash from financing activities

Net increase /(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

Effect of foreign exchange rate variation

Net cash and cash equivalents at end of year

30

16

13

22

24

25

(3,486)

(3,099)

(1,078)

(276)

(250)

25

-

(4,365)

(885)

-

-

1,000

(1,579)

(4,250)

-

2,350

3,178

(168)

(36)

5,324

259

(17)

2

244

800

4,142

2,218

-

-

7,160

(189)

174

(2)

(17)

The notes on pages 24 to 60 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

22     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
For the year ended 31 December 2016

Share 
capital
$ 000

Merger 
reserve
$ 000

Foreign 
exchange 
reserve
$ 000

At 1 January 2015

14,792

(176)

Loss for the year

Foreign exchange 
translation

Gain on available-for-
sale asset

Total comprehensive 
income for the period

Transactions  
with owners

-

-

-

-

Issue of equity shares

6,757

Share issue costs

Share based payment

(80)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

At 1 January 2016

21,469

(176)

Loss for the year

Foreign exchange 
translation

Total comprehensive 
income for the period

Transactions  
with owners

Acquisition of TCT

Issue of equity shares

Share issue costs

Share based payment

Loan note warrants

-

-

-

-

5,640

(253)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

299

-

50

-

50

-

-

349

-

(65)

(65)

-

-

-

-

-

Share 
based 
payment 
reserve
$ 000

1,118

-

-

-

-

-

-

(39)

1,079

-

-

-

-

-

-

205

-

At 31 December 2016

26,856

(176)

284

1,284

Loan 
note 
warrants
$000

Total 
attributable 
to owners 
of parent
$ 000

Non-
controlling 
interest
(“NCI”)
$ 000

Retained 
earnings
$ 000

Total 
equity
$ 000

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

562

562

(6,076)

9,957

373

10,330

(5,992)

(5,992)

(1,870)

(7,862)

-

50

1,500

1,500

-

-

50

1,500

(4,492)

(4,442)

(1,870)

(6,312)

-

-

6,757

(80)

1,095

1,056

-

-

-

6,757

(80)

1,056

(9,473)

13,248

(1,497)

11,751

(3,405)

(3,405)

(2,227)

(5,632)

-

(65)

-

(65)

(3,405)

(3,470)

(2,227)

(5,697)

-

-

-

-

-

-

1,008

5,640

(253)

205

562

-

-

-

-

1,008

5,640

(253)

205

562

(12,878)

15,932

(2,716)

13,216

The notes on pages 24 to 60 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     23

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. General information

Premier African Minerals Limited (‘Premier’ or ‘the Company’), 
together with its subsidiaries (the ‘Group’), was incorporated in 
the Territory of the British Virgin Islands under the BVI Business 
Companies Act, 2004. The address of the registered office is 
Craigmuir Chambers, PO Box 71, Road Town, Tortola,  
British Virgin Islands.

The Group’s operations and principal activities are the mining and 
development of mineral reserves on the African continent. 

Premier’s shares were admitted to trading on the London Stock 
Exchange’s AIM market on 10 December 2012.

2. Basis of preparation

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 
in issue and as endorsed by the European Union. IFRS includes 
interpretations issued by the IFRS interpretations Committee 
(formerly IFRIC).

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under 
the historical cost convention with the exception of available-for-
sale financial assets and derivative financial instruments which 
are included at fair value, and on a going concern basis. The 
preparation of financial statements in conformity with EU adopted 
IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. 
It also requires management to exercise its judgement in the 
process of applying the Group’s accounting policies. 

The accounting policies set out below are consistent across the 
Group and to all periods presented in these financial statements.

3. Significant accounting policies

Basis of consolidation

Subsidiaries are all entities (including special purpose entities) 
over which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity 
when it is exposed to, or has the rights to, variable returns from 
its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those 
returns through its power over the entity. The existence and 
effect of potential voting rights that are currently exercisable or 
convertible are considered when assessing whether the Group 
controls another entity. The Group also assesses existence of 
control where it does not have more than 50% of the voting 
power but is able to govern the financial and operating policies 
by virtue of de-facto control. This is evidenced with RHA Tungsten 
(Private) Limited which the Group owns 49% of but is consolidated 
into the Group (refer note 4). 

De-facto control may arise in circumstances where the size of 
the Group’s voting rights relative to the size and dispersion of 
holdings of other shareholders give the Group the power to 
govern the financial and operating policies.

Subsidiaries are consolidated, using the acquisition method, from 
the date that control is gained and non-controlling interests are 
apportioned on a proportional basis.

Inter-company transactions, balances and unrealised gains 
on transactions between group companies are eliminated. 
Unrealised losses are also eliminated. When necessary amounts 
reported by subsidiaries have been adjusted to conform with the 
Group’s accounting policies.

Business combinations and goodwill

The Group applies the acquisition method to account for business 
combinations. The consideration transferred for the acquisition 
of a subsidiary is the fair values of the assets transferred, the 
liabilities incurred to the former owners of the acquiree and 
the equity interests issued by the Group. The consideration 
transferred includes the fair value of any asset or liability resulting 
from a contingent consideration arrangement. Identifiable assets 
acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a 
business combination are measured initially at their fair values at 
the acquisition date. The Group recognises any non-controlling 
interest in the acquiree on an acquisition-by-acquisition 
basis, either at fair value or at the non-controlling interest’s 
proportionate share of the recognised amounts of the acquiree’s 
identifiable net assets.

Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the 
consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling 
interests in the acquiree, and the fair value of the acquirer’s 
previously held equity interest in the acquiree (if any) over the net 
of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired 
and the liabilities assumed.

Goodwill is tested for impairment as at the reporting date. 
Goodwill is allocated for the purpose of impairment testing to 
cash generating units and then the recoverable amount of each 
cash generating unit at the period end is assessed on the basis of 
value in use, or if higher the fair value less costs of disposal. If the 
recoverable amount exceeds the carrying values no impairment 
loss is recognised.

Transactions with non-controlling interests that do not result in 
loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions – that is, 
as transactions with the owners in their capacity as owners. The 
difference between fair value of any consideration paid and the 
relevant share acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the 
subsidiary is recorded in equity. Gains or losses on disposals to 
non-controlling interests are also recorded in equity.

Adoption of new and revised standards

At the date of authorisation of these financial statements, the 
following Standards and Interpretations, which have not been 
applied in these financial statements, were in issue, but not 
effective for the year ended 31 December 2016:

24     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

 
1 January 2018

Exploration and evaluation assets

Title

Subject

Effective date

All IFRS and  
IFRS 12*

Annual Improvements to IFRSs 
2014–2016 Cycle

1 January 2017 & 
1 January 2018

Amendments  
to IAS 12*:

Recognition of Deferred Tax 
Assets for Unrealised Losses

1 January 2017

Disclosure Initiative

1 January 2017

Amendments  
to IAS 7*

Amendments  
to IFRS 2*

Classification and 
Measurement of Share-based 
Payment Transactions

IFRIC 22*

Foreign Currency Transactions 
and Advance Consideration

1 January 2018

IFRS 9

Financial Instruments

1 January 2018

IFRS 15

Revenue from Contracts 
with Customers (IFRS 15 
clarifications not EU-endorsed)

1 January 2018

IFRS 16*

Leases

1 January 2019

*Not yet endorsed in the EU

The Directors anticipate that the adoption of these Standards 
and Interpretations as appropriate in future periods will have no 
material impact on the financial statements of the Group 

Revenue

Revenue from the sale of wolframite concentrate is recognised in 
profit or loss when the product is sold.  A sale occurs when the 
significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred 
to the buyer. Ownership is transferred when the concentrate 
is delivered to the buyer’s designated port and a certificate of 
delivery is obtained. 

Foreign currencies

The Group’s presentation currency and the functional currency of 
each of the group’s entities is US Dollars.

Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the exchange rate 
ruling on the date of transaction. Foreign exchange gains and 
losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions, and 
from the retranslation at year-end exchange rates of monetary 
assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies, are 
recognised in profit or loss.

Taxation

The Group has no taxable profit during the year. 

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on 
differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities 
in the consolidated financial statements and the corresponding 
tax bases used in the tax computations, and is accounted for 
using the balance sheet liability method. Deferred tax liabilities 

are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences 
and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it 
is probable that taxable profits will be available against which 
deductible temporary differences can be utilised. 

Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to 
apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is 
realised. Deferred tax is charged or credited in profit or loss, 
except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to 
equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity.

The Group applies the full cost method of accounting for 
Exploration and Evaluation (‘E&E’) costs, having regard to the 
requirements of IFRS 6 Exploration for and Evaluation of Mineral 
Resources. Under the full cost method of accounting, costs of 
exploring for and evaluating mineral resources are accumulated 
by reference to appropriate cost centres being the appropriate 
licence area and/or licence areas held under option agreements. 
An option agreement grants the option holder the right to 
explore and evaluate mineral resources, and to acquire the 
licences at a later date at the discretion of the option holder. 
Exploration and evaluation assets are tested for impairment as 
described further below. Where appropriate, licences may be 
grouped into a cost pool.

All costs of E&E are initially capitalised as E&E assets, such as 
payments to acquire the legal right to explore, including option 
payments, costs of technical services and studies, seismic 
acquisition, exploratory drilling and testing. Intangible costs include 
directly attributable overheads together with the cost of other 
materials consumed during the exploration and evaluation phases. 

Costs incurred prior to having obtained the legal rights to explore 
an area are expensed directly to profit or loss as they are incurred. 

E&E costs are not amortised prior to the conclusion of  
appraisal activities.

E&E assets related to each exploration licence or pool of 
licences are carried forward, until the existence (or otherwise) 
of commercial reserves has been determined. Once the 
technical feasibility and commercial viability of extracting a 
mineral resource is demonstrable, the related E&E assets are 
assessed for impairment on an individual licence or cost pool 
basis, as appropriate, as set out below and any impairment 
loss is recognised in profit or loss. The carrying value, after any 
impairment loss, of the relevant E&E assets is then reclassified as 
property, plant and equipment.

E&E assets are assessed for impairment when facts and 
circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may exceed its 
recoverable amount. Such indicators include, but are not limited 
to, those situations outlined in paragraph 20 of IFRS 6 Exploration 
for and Evaluation of Mineral Resources and include the point at 
which a determination is made as to whether or not commercial 
reserves exist. 

The aggregate carrying value is compared against the expected 
recoverable amount, generally by reference to the present 
value of the future net cash flows expected to be derived from 
production of commercial reserves. 

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     25

   
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

When a licence or pool of licences is abandoned or there is no 
planned future work, the costs associated with the respective 
licences are written off in full.

estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of 
the asset (cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. 
An impairment loss is recognised as an expense immediately.

Any impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss and  
separately disclosed. 

The Group considers each licence, or where appropriate, a pool 
of licences, separately, for the purposes of determining whether 
impairment of E&E assets has occurred.

Intangible asset – forestry concession

The forestry concession has been provisionally valued using a 
discounted future cash flow earning approach. The recognition of 
the intangible asset fulfils the conditions of being identifiable and 
separable and is owned by the Mozambican company acquired 
during the period.  

Amortisation will be charged on a straight line basis of 10 years. 

Inventory

Inventory is valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. 
The cost of inventories is based on the cost of consumables and 
cost of production. Net realisable value is the estimated selling 
price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs 
of completion and selling expenses.

Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment (‘PPE’) is stated at cost less 
accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment 
losses. Depreciation is provided on all PPE to write off the cost less 
estimated residual value of each asset over its expected useful 
economic life on a straight-line basis at the following annual rates:

  •  Land & buildings – 10 years

  •  Plant & equipment – 4/5 years

  •   Mine - depreciated over the life of the mine currently  

assessed at eight years 

  •   Assets under construction – not depreciated and will 

be transferred to the appropriate category of PPE and 
depreciated when fully ready to use. 

At each reporting date, the Group reviews the carrying amounts of 
its property, plant and equipment to determine whether there is 
any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss.

If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset 
is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment 
loss (if any). Where the asset does not generate cash flows that 
are independent from other assets, the Group estimates the 
recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the 
asset belongs. Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value 
less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the 
estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present 
value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market 
assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific 
to the asset (or cash-generating unit) for which the estimates of 
future cash flows have not been adjusted.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is 

Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying 
amount of the asset (cash-generating unit) is increased to the 
revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased 
carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would 
have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised 
for the asset (cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an 
impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss immediately.

Financial instruments

Non-derivative financial instruments

Non-derivative financial instruments comprise cash and cash 
equivalents, trade and other receivables, investments in shares, 
borrowings, other financial liabilities and trade and other payables.

There is no material difference between the book value and fair 
value of the Group’s financial instruments. 

Financial assets

The Group classifies all its financial assets as loans and receivables 
or as available-for-sale investments. Management determines the 
classification of financial assets at initial recognition.

Loans and receivables are classified as current assets or 
non-current assets based on their maturity date. Loans and 
receivables comprise “Trade and other receivables” and “Cash and 
cash equivalents” in the statement of financial position. Loans and 
receivables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently 
carried at amortised cost less any impairment.

A provision for impairment of receivables is established when 
there is objective evidence that the Group will not be able to 
collect all amounts due. Indicators of impairment would include 
financial difficulties of the debtor, likelihood of the debtor’s 
insolvency, default in payment or a significant deterioration in 
credit worthiness. Any impairment is recognised in profit or loss.

Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written off are 
credited in profit or loss.

Available-for-sale investments are non-derivative financial assets 
that are either designated in this category or not classified in any 
other category of financial asset. They are included in non-current 
assets unless management intends to dispose of the investment 
within 12 months of the reporting date. Available-for-sale 
investments are initially recognised at fair value plus transaction 
costs and subsequently carried at fair value. Changes in fair value 
are recognised in equity. When available-for-sale investments 
are sold or impaired, the accumulated fair value adjustments 
recognised in equity are included in profit or loss as gains or 
losses from available-for-sale investments. 

Available-for-sale investments are assessed for indicators 
of impairment at the end of each reporting period. They are 
considered to be impaired when there is objective evidence that, 
as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial 
recognition of the financial asset, the estimated future cash flows 
of the investment have been negatively affected.

26     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

 
Financial liabilities

Borrowings and other financial liabilities are recognised initially at 
fair value, net of transaction costs incurred and are subsequently 
stated at amortised cost. Any difference between the amounts 
originally received (net of transaction costs) and the redemption 
value is recognised in profit or loss over the period to maturity 
using the effective interest method.

Borrowings and other financial liabilities are classified as current 
liabilities unless the Group has an unconditional right to defer 
settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the 
statement of financial position date. 

Trade payables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently 
measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Convertible loan notes and derivative financial instruments

The presentation and measurement of loan notes for accounting 
purposes is governed by IAS 32 and IAS 39. These standards 
require the loan notes to be separated into two components:

  •  A derivative liability, and 

  •  A debt host liability.

This is because the loan notes are convertible into an unknown 
number of shares, therefore failing the ‘fixed-for-fixed’ criterion 
under IAS 32. This requires the ‘underlying option component’ of 
the loan note to be valued first (as an embedded derivative), with 
the residual of the face value being allocated to the debt host 
liability (refer financial liabilities policy above).

Valuation method

The fair value of the derivative liability is determined in accordance 
with IFRS 13 using an appropriate valuation methodology. 

Valuation of the embedded derivative 

The embedded derivative represents the additional value of 
the conversion features on the note. The value depends on the 
probability of the conversion triggers being triggered and the 
expected payoff under that scenario.

The valuation of the embedded derivative requires the estimation 
of the probability of default and the probability of the conversion 
triggers being triggered at each date where the company is 
contracted to redeem the notes. The value of the embedded 
derivative is the discounted probability weighted payoff under the 
different conversion trigger scenarios.

Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present 
obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it 
is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic 
benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable 
estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

An obligation to incur environmental restoration, rehabilitation 
and decommissioning costs arises when disturbance is caused 
by the development or on-going production of a mining property. 
Such costs arising from the decommissioning of plant and other 
site preparation work, discounted to their net present value, 

are provided for and capitalised at the start of each project, as 
soon as the obligation to incur such costs arises. These costs are 
recognised in the income statement over the life of the operation, 
through the depreciation of the asset and the unwinding of the 
discount on the provision. Costs for restoration of subsequent site 
damage which is created on an ongoing basis during production 
are provided for at their net present values and recognised in the 
income statement as extraction progresses. 

Changes in the measurement of a liability relating to the 
decommissioning of plant or other site preparation work (that 
result from changes in the estimated timing or amount of the cash 
flow, or a change in the discount rate) are added to or deducted 
from the cost of the related asset in the current period. If a 
decrease in the liability exceeds the carrying amount of the asset, 
the excess is recognised immediately in the income statement. 
If the asset value is increased and there is an indication that the 
revised carrying value is not recoverable, an impairment test is 
performed in accordance with the accounting policy above.

Equity

Equity comprises the following:

  •   Issued share capital - ordinary shares are classified as equity. 
Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new 
shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of 
tax, from the proceeds.

  •   Merger reserve represents the difference between the 
nominal value of shares issued by the Company to the 
shareholders of ZimDiv Holdings Limited and the nominal 
value of the ZimDiv shares taken in exchange. 

  •   Foreign exchange reserve represents the differences arising 
from translation of investments in overseas subsidiaries.

  •   Share-based payment reserve represents equity-settled 

share-based payments until such share options are exercised 
and the fair value of warrants issued.

  •   Retained earnings represent retained profits less  

retained losses. 

  •   Non-controlling interests represents the share of retained 

profits less retained losses of the non-controlling interests.  

Share based payment transactions

The Group operates an equity-settled share option plan and 
issues warrants from time to time either with direct subscriptions 
in equity or as finance related packages. The fair value of the 
service received in exchange for the grant of options or issue 
of warrants is recognised as an expense or recognised as 
a deduction from equity or an addition to intangible assets 
depending on the nature of the services received. The fair value of 
warrants issued as part of a finance related package is charged as 
finance costs in the profit or loss. 

Share based payments are measured at fair value (excluding 
the effect of non-market-based vesting conditions) at the date 
of grant.  The fair value determined at the grant date of equity-
settled share based payments is expensed on a straight-line basis 
over the vesting period, based on the Group’s estimate of shares 
that will eventually vest and adjusted for the effect of non-market-
based vesting conditions.  

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     27

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Fair value is measured by use of the Black Scholes model.  The 
expected life used in the model has been adjusted, based on 
management’s best estimate, for the effects of non-transferability, 
exercise restrictions, and behavioural considerations.

The warrants issued as part of the loan note agreements are 
also subject to certain reset provisions. The terms of the warrant 
agreements allow for an adjustment to the exercise price or 
the quantum of warrants issued depending on a number of 
circumstances. The fair value of the warrants under any re-pricing 
event is also valued by use of the Black Scholes model at their 
current and new price. The difference in fair value is charged to 
profit or loss as and when a re-pricing event occurs.  

Operating leases

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of 
ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating 
leases. Payments made under operating leases are charged to 
profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease.

Finance leases

Leases where the lessee acquires the economic benefits of the 
use of the leased asset for the major part of its economic life 
in return for entering into an obligation to pay for that right are 
classified as finance leases. At commencement of the lease term, 
finance leases are recognised as assets and liabilities in the 
statement of financial position at amounts equal to the fair value 
of the leased asset or, if lower the present value of the minimum 
lease payments, determined at the inception of the lease. The 
discount rate is the interest rate implicit in the lease.  Initial direct 
costs are added to the amount recognised as an asset.  

Minimum lease payments are apportioned between the finance 
charge and the reduction of the outstanding liability. The finance 
charge shall be allocated to each period during the lease term 
so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the 
remaining balance of the liability. 

Operating segments 

Segmental information is provided for the Group on the basis of 
information reported internally to the chief operating decision-
maker for decision-making purposes. The Group considers that 
the role of chief operating decision-maker is performed by the 
Group’s board of directors.  

4.  Significant accounting judgements, 

estimates and assumptions

In applying the Group’s accounting policies, the Directors are 
required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions 
about the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities that are 
not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and 
associated assumptions are based on historical experience and 
other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results 
may differ from these estimates. 

The key estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of 
causing material adjustments to the carrying amounts of certain 
assets and liabilities recognised in these consolidated financial 
statements within the next financial year and key judgements are:

Recoverability of exploration and evaluation assets

Determining whether an exploration and evaluation asset is 
impaired requires an assessment of whether there are any 
indicators of impairment, including by reference to specific 
impairment indicators prescribed in IFRS 6 Exploration for and 
Evaluation of Mineral Resources.  If there is any indication of 
potential impairment, an impairment test is required based on 
value in use of the asset. The carrying amount of exploration and 
evaluation assets at 31 December 2016 was US$5,436,000 (2015: 
US$3,192,000). No impairment charge was recognised in 2016 
because the directors’ judgement is that there is no indication of 
impairment (2015: US$844,000 impairment recognised in respect 
of the Katete and Tinde licenses).

Recoverability of mine assets

Determining whether a mine asset is impaired requires an 
assessment of whether there are any indicators of impairment, 
including by reference to specific impairment indicators 
prescribed in IAS36 Impairment of Assets. If there is any indication 
of potential impairment, an impairment test is required based on 
value in use of the asset. The value in use calculation requires the 
entity to estimate the future cash flows expected to arise from 
the cash-generating unit and a suitable discount rate in order to 
calculate present value. 
During 2016 the operating losses at RHA were higher than 
predicted due to operations in the open pit failing to deliver ore 
at the anticipated grade, suspension of operations during April 
and May 2016 and September to December 2016 to permit hoist 
rehabilitation and reinstallation and upgrade of the underground 
shaft.  The operating losses were an indicator of potential 
impairment and management completed an impairment review.

Key assumptions used in generating the discounted cash flow 
analysis included: 11,500 mtu concentrate production per month; 
8 year mine plan; APT price of US$220 per metric ton unit (‘mtu’); 
26% discount rate; and a zero growth rate in operating cash flow 
after the plant is fully operational, forecast to be for the full year 
2018. Other key factors include attainment of forecast grade as 
set out in our resource statement and plant operating parameters 
being achieved. The XRT sorter installation is a significant element 
in increasing confidence in RHA in that 70% of the anticipated run 
of mine feed target of 40,000 ton per month is passed through 
the sorter, which is able to recover approximately 95% of the 
mineralisation in a mass pull of some 5%. This is expected to 
significantly reduce operating costs per mtu of concentrate and 
provide a much higher overall mining rate once grade, recoveries 
and plant throughput meet expectations. There is no certainty 
that these assumptions will be achieved.   

Sensitivity analysis was conducted on the volume, grade, concentrate 
production per month and APT price assumptions in the model. 

A 10% reduction in the volumes mined from 40,000 tons per month 
assumed in the model to approximately 36,000 tons per month would 
not incur an impairment charge if all other assumptions were met. 

A 10% decrease in the grade from those assumed in the model (5.5kg 
per ton for underground and 2.2kg per ton for open pit) would not 
incur an impairment charge if all other assumptions were met.

A decrease in concentrate production per month from the 11,500 
mtu included in the model to 10,000 mtu would not incur an 

28     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

impairment charge if all other assumptions were met.
A 10% reduction in the APT price from $220/mtu as included in 
the model US$200/mtu would not incur an impairment charge if 
all other assumptions were met. The model currently uses an APT 
price of US$220/mtu and current prices are US$214-223/mtu. 

The model assumes annual revenues of US$19.5m from 2018.  
Revenue generation is dependent on a number of inter-linked 
assumptions and a combination of changes in those assumptions 
that reduced annual revenue to less than approximately US$14.0m 
per annum from 2018 would result in an impairment charge.  

The carrying amount of mine assets at 31 December 2016 was 
US$9,412,000 (2015: US$9,918,000). The mine assets relate to the 
RHA Tungsten Mine in Zimbabwe. The assessment indicates that 
no impairment charge was needed for 2016. 

Estimation of useful life for mine assets

Mine assets are depreciated/amortised on a straight-line basis 
over the life of the mine concerned.  Judgement is applied in 
assessing the mine’s useful life and in the case of RHA Tungsten, 
the Group’s only operating concern, is based on the initial 
Preliminary Economic Assessment (‘PEA’) first published in August 
2013 that initially modelled an 8 year life of mine. 

Basis of consolidation

RHA Tungsten (Private) Limited

During 2013, Premier concluded a shareholders’ agreement 
with the National Indigenisation and Economic Empowerment 
Fund (‘NIEEF’) whereby NIEEF acquired 51% of the shares of RHA 
Tungsten (Private) Limited (‘RHA’).  The principal terms of the 
agreement are as follows: 

  •    ZimDiv Holdings Limited (‘ZimDiv’), a wholly owned subsidiary, is 

appointed as the Manager of the project for an initial 5 year term.

  •   ZimDiv has marketing rights to the product.

  •   Each shareholder can appoint up to two directors each, with 
a 5th director who is rotated between each shareholder. The 
5th director will not have a vote.

  •   Although the local Zimbabwean company is responsible for 
financing and repayment of such, Premier has secured the 
funding to advance RHA to production.

  •   There has been no operational change since the agreements 
were signed and Premier continues to fund RHA until it 
becomes cash generative.   

At the financial year-end, two directors of RHA were from the 
Premier Group and two from NIEEF. A fifth board appointee 
has not yet been made. There is no majority vote at board level 
and Premier still retains operational and management control 
through its shareholders’ agreement.  Following the assessment, 
the Directors concluded that Premier, through its wholly owned 
subsidiary ZimDiv, retained control and should continue to 
consolidate 100% of RHA and recognise non-controlling interests 
in the consolidated financial statements.

TCT Industrias Florestais Limitada

During 2016, Premier concluded the public deeds for the 
assignment of quotas to acquire a 26% interest in TCT IF from 

Transport Commodity Trading Mozambique Limitada (“TCTM”) and 
a further 26% interest from GAPI Sociedade de Investimentos S.A. 
(“GAPI”), in aggregate amounting to 52% for a total consideration 
of US$2.1 million.  Despite not holding legal title to the quotas, 
the directors have concluded that Premier has control of TCT 
by virtue of irrevocable power of attorney to permit Premier to 
participate and vote in all General Assembly meetings on behalf of 
both parties.

At the financial year-end, one director of TCT was from the Premier 
Group and two directors from TCT. There is no majority vote at board 
level and Premier still retains operational and management control.  
Premier has further been appointed as the manager of TCT.

Following the assessment, the Directors concluded that Premier 
should consolidate 100% of TCT and recognise non-controlling 
interests in the consolidated financial statements. 

Valuations 

  •   Valuation of inventory – judgement was applied in calculating 

the initial carrying value of inventory and judgement continues 
to be applied in assessing the net realisable value. See 
accounting policy regarding inventories.

  •   Available-for-sale investment – Premier’s investment in Circum 
Minerals Limited (‘Circum’) is classified as an available-for-
sale investment and as such is required to be measured at 
fair value at the reporting date. As Circum is unlisted there 
are no quoted market prices. In previous years the fair value 
of the Circum shares was derived using the most recent 
placing price.  In the absence of placings during 2016, the 
directors have sought to update the latest placing price 
of US$2 per share in August 2015 with reference to share 
price movements of comparable listed companies and have 
concluded that there is no change in fair value as at 31 
December 2016.  

  •   Valuation of warrants, share options and ordinary shares 

issued as consideration – judgement is applied in determining 
appropriate assumptions to be used in calculating the fair 
value of the warrants, shares and share options issued. Refer 
accounting policy note and note 29. 

  •   Valuation of the embedded derivative in the convertible loan 
notes – judgement is applied in determining appropriate 
assumptions to be used in calculating the fair value of 
derivatives associated with the convertible loan notes. Refer 
accounting policy note and note 31. 

Identification and valuation of intangible assets acquired in a 
business combination 

Judgement has been applied in the identification and valuation 
of the forestry, lodge and limestone assets acquired in the 
acquisition of TCT – refer to note 13 for details of the assumptions 
and estimates made.  Fair values have been determined on a 
provisional basis because management have not yet completed 
the fair value exercise.  Any subsequent change in identification 
and valuation of these assets during the measurement period 
will impact the fair value of intangible assets and also goodwill, 
deferred tax and non-controlling interests arising in respect of the 
business combination.

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     29

 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Going concern

Judgement is applied in assessing the likelihood and timing of future 
cash flows associated with the Group’s activities. Judgement is also 
applied in assessing the likelihood of receiving future funding.

5. Going concern

These consolidated financial statements are prepared on the going 
concern basis. The going concern basis assumes that the Group will 
continue in operation for the foreseeable future and will be able to 
realise its assets and discharge its liabilities and commitments in 
the normal course of business. The Group has incurred significant 
operating losses and negative cash flows from operations as the 
Group continued to move from a development and exploration 
company into operations during the year under review. 

financial statements on the going concern basis. Nevertheless due 
to the uncertainties inherent in meeting its revenue predictions 
and obtaining additional fund raising there can be no certainty 
in these respects. The financial statements do not include 
any adjustments that would result if the Group was unable to 
continue as a going concern. 

6. Segmental reporting

Segmental information is presented in respect of the information 
reported to the Directors. 

For the purposes of the current financial year, segmental 
information has been changed to separately report the revenue 
generating segments of RHA Tungsten (Private) Limited that 
operates the RHA Tungsten Mine and TCT IF. 

During the year, the Group raised US$5.528 million in net 
funding through share and warrant subscriptions to fund further 
investment in the RHA Tungsten Mine to improve production, 
exploration at Zulu, to acquire a minor stake in the unlisted Casa 
Mining and to fund working capital. 

The RHA Tungsten Mine segment derives income primarily from 
the production and sale of wolframite concentrate whilst the TCT 
segment includes a forestry concession and an exploration asset. 
All other segments are primarily focused on exploration and on 
administrative and financing segments.

Segmental results, assets and liabilities include items directly 
attributable to a segment as well as those that can be allocated 
on a reasonable basis. 

Immediately subsequent to the year-end, the Group raised 
a further US$615,000 (£550,000) through the further issue 
of Loan Notes. In January 2017, the Group raised a further 
US$1.277 million (£1.020 million) through a direct subscription 
for new shares, whilst in March 2017; the Group raised further 
gross proceeds of US$2.512 million (£2.0 million) through an 
underwritten offer through PrimaryBid.com. There remains an 
active and very liquid market for the Group’s shares.  

The Directors have prepared cash flow forecasts for the period 
ended 31 December 2018, taking into account forecast operating 
cash flow and capital expenditure requirements for its RHA 
Tungsten mine, operating cash flows at TCT, available working 
capital and forecast expenditure for the rest of the Group 
including overheads and other development costs.  The forecasts 
include additional funding requirements which the directors 
believe will be met.

In the event that RHA fails to meet revenue predictions from 
the end of Q3, and any other relevant risk factor discussed in 
regard to RHA arises, the Group will need to obtain additional 
debt finance or equity to fund its operations and other project 
development activities for the period to 31 December 2018. The 
cash flow forecast is as much dependent on production targets 
being met at RHA, as the price of APT remaining stable during the 
period to 31 December 2018. 

The Board believes it has a valuable asset in the Zulu Lithium 
and Tantalum exploration project and is considering a number of 
approaches that have been made that may result in a sale of all or 
part of this asset and a resultant liquidity event.

The Board also believes that it has a valuable asset in the 
Circum shares whose estimated fair value at 31 December 2016 
remained at US$4 million.

After careful consideration of those matters set out above, the 
Directors are of the opinion that the Group will be able to obtain 
adequate resources to enable it to undertake its planned activities 
for the period to 31 December 2018 from production and from 
additional fund raising and have prepared the consolidated 

30     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

 
By operating segment

2016

Result

Revenue (1)

Impairment of exploration and evaluation assets

Operating loss

Loss before taxation

Assets

Exploration and evaluation assets

Other intangible assets

Goodwill

Investments 

Property, plant and equipment

Inventories

Trade and other receivables

Cash

Total assets

Liabilities

Other financial liabilities

Borrowings

Bank overdraft

Trade and other payables

Deferred tax

Loan notes

Total liabilities

Net assets 

Other information

Depreciation

Exploration and evaluation additions

Other intangible asset additions

Property, plant and equipment additions

Property, plant and equipment additions - TCT

Unallocated 
Corporate
$ 000

RHA Tungsten 
Mine*  
Zimbabwe
$ 000

Exploration 
Zimbabwe
$000

TCT IF**
Mozambique
$000

-

-

(2,274)

(2,328)

-

-

4,250

-

-

216

352

4,818

2,127

566

-

1,037

-

1,874

5,604

(786)

-

-

-

-

-

135

-

(2,499)

(3,214)

-

-

-

9, 412

221

241

38

9,912

179

-

155

2,165

-

-

2,499

7,414

(1,566)

-

-

(1,070)

-

-

-

(149)

-

3,468

-

-

-

-

-

1

57

-

9

9

1,968

1,022

1,034

-

173

114

7

7

Total
$ 000

192

-

(4,912)

(5,632)

5,436

1,022

1,034

4,250

9,585

335

464

399

3,469

4,327

22,526

-

-

-

8

-

-

8

3,462

-

276

-

-

-

-

-

-

214

983

-

1,197

3,130

(18)

1,968

1,022

8

173

2,306

566

155

3,424

983

1,874

9,308

13,216

(1,584)

2,244

1,022

1,078

173

*   

 Represents 100% of the results and financial position of RHA Tungsten (Private) Limited (“RHA”) whereas the Group owns 49%. Non-controlling interests 
are disclosed in note 33.

**   Represents 100% of the results and financial position of TCT Industrias Florestais Limitada (“TCT IF”) whereas the Group controls 52%. Non-controlling 

interests are disclosed in note 33.

(1)   RHA Revenue is generated from sales to one customer, in line with RHA’s off-take agreement, whilst TCT Revenue is generated from the sale of forestry 

products and the provision of hospitality services.

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     31

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

6. Segmental reporting continued

By operating segment

2015

Result

Revenue (1)

Impairment of exploration and evaluation assets

Operating loss

Loss before taxation

Assets

Exploration and evaluation assets

Investment 

Property, plant and equipment

Inventories

Financial assets

Cash

Total assets

Liabilities

Bank overdraft

Segment liabilities

Other financial liabilities

Borrowings

Loan notes

Derivative financial liability

Total liabilities

Net assets 

Other information

Depreciation

Exploration and evaluation additions

Property, plant and equipment additions

Unallocated 
Corporate
$ 000

RHA Tungsten  
Mine, Zimbabwe*
$ 000

Exploration 
Zimbabwe
$000

-

-

(2,356)

(4,018)

-

4,000

-

-

328

44

4,372

-

584

505

1,230

194

2,513

1,859

-

-

-

103

-

(2,910)

(2,967)

-

-

9,918

183

353

-

10,454

62

3,164

190

303

-

-

3,719

6,735

(714)

885

5,937

Total
$ 000

103

(844)

(6,143)

(7,862)

3,192

4,000

9,918

183

681

45

-

(844)

(877)

(877)

3,192

-

-

-

-

1

3,193

18,019

-

36

-

-

-

-

36

3,157

-

-

-

62

3,784

190

808

1,230

194

6,268

11,751

(714)

885

5,937

*  

 Represents 100% of the results and financial position of RHA Tungsten (Private) Limited whereas the Group owns 49%. Non-controlling interests are 
disclosed in note 33.

(1)  Revenue is generated from sales to one customer, in line with RHA’s off-take agreement.

32     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

7. Cost of sales

Mining contractor

Staff costs

Consumables

Equipment hire and maintenance

Mining services

Plant services

Selling costs

E&E development costs

Inventory adjustment

2016
$ 000

378

239

87

100

8

9

37

11

(219)

650

2015
$ 000

868

319

203

130

60

46

51

-

(121)

1,556

Cost of sales comprises production costs in both RHA Tungsten (Pvt) Limited and TCT Industrias Florestais Limitada.

8. Administrative expenses

Staff costs  

Consulting and advisory fees

Directors’ fees

Audit, accounting and legal fees

Marketing and public relations

Travel

Security costs

Vehicle operating costs

Insurance

Office and administration

Foreign exchange losses 

Exploration costs expensed

Share based payment (notes 28 and 29) 

2016
$ 000

2015
$ 000

462

726

59

550

99

273

58

26

61

290

61

-

204

2,869

655

804

145

433

107

265

40

31

40

264

16

24

308

3,132

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     33

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

9. Directors’ remuneration

Directors’ remuneration 

300

2016

Executive Directors

George Roach

Pamela Hueston (*)

Non-Executive Directors

John (Ian) Stalker 

Michael Foster 

2015

Executive Directors

George Roach

Pamela Hueston 

Non-Executive Directors

John (Ian) Stalker 

Neil Herbert 

Michael Foster (*) 

Directors’ 
Fees
$000

Consultancy 
Fees
$ 000

-

-

20

15

35

180

85

-

-

265

Directors’ 
Fees
$000

Consultancy 
Fees
$ 000

-

5

75

21

26

127

180

180

-

-

-

360

487

Total

$ 000

180

85

20

15

300

Total

$ 000

180

185

75

21

26

487

(*)  These directors were not employed during the full financial year.

The Directors’ fees disclosed in note 8 herein include US$23,750 (31 December 2015: US$15,000) being the fees paid to Directors of  
RHA Tungsten (Pvt) Limited, who are not directors of the parent company.

The 2016 Directors fees noted above remain unpaid at the financial year-end.

No pension benefits are provided for any Directors.

34     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

10. Finance costs

Interest charged by suppliers

Interest on borrowings

Derivative financial liability transaction costs

Unwinding of discount on provisions

Interest on finance lease

11. Taxation

Taxation charge for the year

2016
$ 000

138

81

423

74

5

721

2015
$ 000

57

35

1,567

35

25

1,719

-

-

There is no taxation charge in the year ended 31 December 2016 (31 December 2015: Nil). As the Group is an international Business 
Group, the British Virgin Islands imposes no corporate taxes or capital gains tax. However, the Group may be liable for taxes in the 
jurisdictions of the underlying operations.

There are no recognised tax assets in respect of accumulated losses in West Africa or Zimbabwe.  The Group has incurred tax losses; 
however a deferred tax asset has not been recognised in the accounts due to the unpredictability of future profit streams.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax TCT

2016
$ 000

983

983

2015
$ 000

-

-

12. Earnings (Loss) per share

The calculation of earnings (loss) per share is based on the income (loss) after taxation divided by the weighted average number of 
shares in issue during the year:

Net loss attributable to owners of the parent (US$000)

Weighted average number of Ordinary Shares in calculating basic earnings per share (‘000)

Basic income (loss) per share (US cents)

Diluted income (loss) per share (US cents)

2016

2015

(3,405)

1,798,808

(0.2c)

(0.2c)

(5,992)

655,650

(0.1c)

(0.1c)

As the Group incurred a loss for the year, there is no dilutive effect from share options and warrants in issue or the shares issued after 
the reporting date.

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     35

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

13. Intangible assets excluding goodwill

Exploration and evaluations assets

Other intangible assets

Opening carrying value 2015

Expenditure on exploration and evaluation

Transferred to property, plant and equipment **

Impairment *

Opening carrying value 2016

Expenditure on exploration and evaluation

Acquisition - limestone license

Acquisition - forestry concession

Closing carrying value 2016

2016
$ 000

5,436

1,022

6,458

Exploration & 
Evaluation assets 
$000

Other intangible 
assets
$000

6,806

885

(3,655)

(844)

3,192

276

1,968

-

5,436

-

-

-

-

-

-

1,022

1,022

2015
$ 000

3,192

-

3,192

Total
$ 000

6,806

855

(3,655)

(844)

3,192

276

1,968

1,021

6,458

Exploration costs not specifically related to a licence or project or on speculative properties are expensed directly to profit or loss in the 
year incurred. During the year US$ Nil (31 December 2015: US$24,000) exploration costs were expensed. 

Exploration and evaluation assets at 31 December 2016 relate to the Zulu Lithium and Tantalite Project located in Zimbabwe and the 
provisional valuation of the limestone licence in Mozambique (2015: Zulu Lithium and Tantalite Project only). 

During the year US$276,000 (2015: US$ Nil) was capitalised to the Zulu Lithium and Tantalite Project. In the prior year US$885,000 
capitalised to Katete and Tinde was impaired.  Exploration work conducted during the year indicated that both lithium and tantalum 
recovery may be a viable option. The Group views this project as strategic and exploration work will be continued in the future, cash  
flow permitting. 

The group acquired a limestone licence as part of the TCT acquisition.  The value of this asset has been estimated on a provisional basis 
because management are assessing the geological potential of the license and determining an appropriate valuation method.

During the year within the TCT acquisition, a forestry concession was acquired, which has been provisionally valued at US$1,022,000 
(2015: US$ Nil) and is further described in note 14 herein.

 * 

 In the prior year capitalised costs relating to the Katete (US$717,000) and Tinde (US$127,000) assets located in Zimbabwe were impaired. The Tinde Project 
holds 9 mineral block claims mainly prospective for fluorspar.  The Company plans to retain the claims however there are no immediate or future plans for 
development whilst the Group focuses its attention on other more prospective projects. The Katete Project holds 25 mineral block claims mainly prospective 
for rare earth elements. The Group has maintained the four key blocks of claims in the expansive area. The Board of Directors may decide at some future date 
to explore the properties however as at this time there is no formal exploration plan in place or funding allocated for future development.  

**    In the prior year, on the date of commercial viability and technical feasibility the carrying amount of exploration and evaluation assets related to the 

RHA Tungsten Project was transferred to Property, Plant and Equipment.

36     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

14. Business combination and goodwill

Acquisition 

In October 2016 the company completed the acquisition of a 52% interest in Mozambique based TCT Industrias Florestais Limitada. TCT 
owns a substantial limestone deposit located on rail in the Sofala Province of Mozambique and is the holder of the exploration licence 
together with significant forestry operations. 

In accordance with our stated strategy, Premier’s business objective is to find, invest and acquire interests in low capex potentially near-
term production assets. The TCT limestone project provides this opportunity in a region that the company currently operates and TCT’s 
limestone and timber interests complement the company’s current portfolio of natural resource interests.

In accordance with IFRS 3 Business Combinations, all acquired assets and liabilities were recognised at their fair values or provisional fair 
values on the date of acquisition, with the residual excess of the fair value of the consideration over net assets being recognised as goodwill. 

The following table summarises the consideration and fair and provisional fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the 
date of acquisition:

Property, plant and equipment *

Intangible assets - limestone exploration license **

Intangible assets - forestry concession ***

Inventories *

Trade receivables and prepayments *

Cash and cash equivalents *

Trade and other payables *

Deferred tax liabilities ****

Fair value of net assets acquired

Non-controlling interest

Goodwill

Acquisition cost

$ 000

188

1,968

1,022

72

35

25

(225)

(983)

2,101

(1,008)

1,034

2,127

*  

These assets and liabilities are carried at their fair value

**   

 The value of this asset has been estimated on a provisional basis because management are assessing the geological potential of the license and 
determining an appropriate valuation method

***  

 The value of this asset has been estimated on a provisional basis because management  have not yet completed the fair value exercise

**** 

The deferred tax liability has been calculated based on the applicable tax rate applied to the intangible assets valuation

The acquisition cost will be satisfied by either cash or shares, which will be determined by the seller’s request (see note 21.2).

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     37

 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

14. Business combination and goodwill continued

Net cash outflow arising on acquisition:

Cash consideration paid (less cash retention)

Acquisition related costs

Cash and cash equivalents within the TCT business on acquisition

Total net cash outflow on acquisition

$ 000

-

(25)

25

-

Other costs relating to the acquisition have not been included in the consideration cost.  Directly attributable acquisition costs include 
external legal and accounting costs incurred in compiling the acquisition legal contracts and the performance of due diligence activity 
amounted to US$25,000.  These costs were converted to equity as per note 25. TCT has a 31 December calendar year end.  In the  
period between acquisition and 31 December 2016, TCT contributed revenue of US$57,000 and net loss before taxation of US$13,000. 

15. Investments

Opening carrying value

Fair value of shares on acquisition

Fair value adjustment 

Closing carrying value

Reconciliation of movement in investments

Investment in Circum Minerals Limited *

Fair value adjustment **

Fair value adjustment ***

Investment in Casa Mining Limited ****

Closing carrying value

2016
$ 000

4,000

250

-

4,250

1,400

1,100

1,500

250

4,250

2015
$ 000

2,500

-

1,500

4,000

1,400

1,100

1,500

-

4,000

The shares are considered to be level 3 financial assets under the IFRS 13 categorisation of fair value measurements.     

*  

Represents 2 million shares in unlisted entity Circum Minerals Limited (‘Circum’).

**   

 As Circum is unlisted there are no quoted market prices. Fair value of the shares was therefore estimated using the price at which warrants  
in Circum shares were exercised by a third party in February 2015 at US$1.25 per share. 

***  

Fair value of the shares was adjusted to the most recent placing price of US$2 per share during August 2015. 

****  

 Represents a 4.5% interest in Casa Mining Limited acquired in October 2016. Due to the recent purchase date, no change in fair value has been recognised

The fair value of these available-for-sale investments at 31 December 2016 amounted to US$4,250,000 (31 December 2015: 
US$4,000,000). The Directors consider that the carrying amount of investments approximates their fair value.

Subsequent to the yearend Circum Minerals Limited announced a 4.9 billion ton potash resource with seismic data suggesting further 
potential total resources. Annual low cost, low risk solution mining, scalable production plan, mine gate cash costs projected to be amongst 
the lowest in the world and the potential for the lowest capital intensity production indicate that potash recovery may be a viable option.  

38     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

 
16. Property, plant and equipment

Cost

At 1 January 2015

Additions

Transfers

At 31 December 2015

Additions

Acquisition of TCT

At 31 December 2016

Depreciation

At 1 January 2015

Charge for the year

At 31 December 2015

Charge for the year

At 31 December 2016

Net Book Value

At 31 December 2016

At 31 December 2015

Mine 
$000

284

3,001

3,615

6,900

842

-

7,742

-

431

431

1,161

1,592

6,150

6,469

Assets under 
construction
$000

Plant &  
equipment
$000

Land &
buildings
$000

688

-

(688)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

165

2,165

728

3,058

228

169

3,455

119

242

361

343

704

2,751

2,697

30

771

-

801

8

4

813

8

41

49

80

129

685

752

Total
$000

1,167

5,937

3,655

10,759

1,078

173

12,010

127

714

841

1,584

2,425

9,585

9,918

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     39

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

17. Subsidiaries 

Premier had investments in the following subsidiary undertakings as at 31 December 2016, which principally affected the losses and net 
assets of the Group:

Name

ZimDiv Holdings Limited

RRCC Ltd

Regent Resources Capital Corporation SAU

G and B African Resources Benin SARL

Zulu Lithium Mauritius Holdings Limited

R.H.A. Tungsten Mauritius Limited

Kavira Minerals Holdings Limited

Tinde Fluorspar Holdings Limited

Lubimbi Minerals Holdings Limited

Gwaaii River Minerals Holdings Limited

Zulu Lithium (Private) Limited

RHA Tungsten (Private) Limited

Katete Mining (Private) Limited

Tinde Fluorspar (Private) Limited

LM Minerals (Private) Limited

BM Mining & Exploration (Private) Limited

Country of incorporation 
and operation

Proportion of  
voting interest %

Activity

Mauritius

BVI

Togo

Benin

Mauritius

Mauritius

Mauritius

Mauritius

Mauritius

Mauritius

Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

Holding Company

Holding Company

Exploration

Exploration

Holding Company

Holding Company

Holding Company

Holding Company

Holding Company

Holding Company

Exploration

    49*

Development

100

100

100

100

Exploration

Exploration

Exploration

Exploration

TCT Industrias Florestais Limitada

Mozambique 

  52**

Forestry and Exploration

*  

Accounted as a controlled subsidiary, refer note 4 significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions – Basis of consolidation.

**    

Accounted for as a subsidiary, refer note 3 Basis of consolidation and note 21.2 explaining power of attorney and right to appoint director. 

18. Inventories

Wolframite concentrate and ore work-in-process

Mine consumables

Forestry raw material

Forestry work-in-progress

Forestry finished goods

2016
$ 000

119

102

20

74

20

335

2015
$ 000

120

63

-

-

-

183

40     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

 
19. Trade and other receivables 

VAT input tax receivable 

Other receivables

Prepayments

Current

Non-current

2016
$ 000

2015
$ 000

199

213

52

464

268

196

464

303

284

94

681

426

255

681

Other receivables at 31 December 2016 include US$196,000 (31 December 2015: US$255,000) receivable from AgriMinco Corp 
(‘AgriMinco’). The AgriMinco receivable is due on settlement of the Agriminco loan (refer note 22). The Directors consider that the carrying 
amount of other receivables and prepayments approximates their fair value.

In note 34.5 Events after the balance sheet date a settlement agreement has been reached with regard to this receivable and the loan payable.

20. Trade and other payables 

Trade payables *

Accruals **

Payroll liabilities

2016
$ 000

937

1,443

235

2,615

2015
$ 000

1,270

1,618

161

3,049

All trade and other payables at 31 December 2016 are due within one year, non-interest bearing, and comprise amounts outstanding for mine 
purchases and on-going costs, except as described further below. The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other payables 
approximates their fair value. 

*  

 Trade payables include an amount owing to Senet (Pty) Ltd. (“Senet”), for EPCM services relating to the construction of the infrastructure supporting the RHA 
Tungsten processing plant.  The Company signed an Acknowledgment of Debt and Agreement to Pay on 16 April 2015 on behalf of RHA Tungsten (Private) 
Limited (“RHA”) for all amounts due. All invoices are due within 30 days, after which interest will accrue at an annual interest rate of 25%, compounded daily, 
with all amounts due by 31 August 2015. On 26 October 2015, the Company agreed an extension of the payment terms with monthly repayments beginning 
1 October 2015 and ending 30 April 2016. Senet agreed a reduction in the interest rate charged from the period 1 October 2015 until final settlement at the 
South African prime lending rate. As at 31 December 2015, the amount owing to Senet is US$160,586, including accrued interest.  

The full debt to Senet plus interest was settled during the current year.

**    In the prior year, amounts owing to JR Goddard Contracting (Pvt) Ltd (“JRG”), the open pit mining contractor for RHA, were co-guaranteed by the 

Company and attracted interest at a rate of 12% per annum, compounded monthly. The Company entered into an agreement with JRG in September 
2015 that JRG would receive no less than US$50,000 per month in settlement of outstanding liabilities. At 31 December 2015, the amount owing to 
JRG was US$533,032 including accrued interest.   

On 10 March 2016, the contact with JRG was terminated and the Company entered into a Memorandum of Agreement to settle all outstanding amounts 
under the contract which was entered into on 9 March 2015. The parties agreed to terminate the open pit contract from 10 March 2016. Amounts owing 
to JRG as at 11 March 2016 amount to US$851,312 including a US$247,000 termination benefit and interest but excluding VAT of 15% with first payment 
deferred to 1 May 2016.  Interest is charged at 12% per annum, compounded monthly.  Repayments are agreed at US$54,626 per month for a period of 
20 months. At the year-end US$655,512 (31 December 2015: US$533,032) was outstanding in terms of this Memorandum of Agreement.

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     41

 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

21. Other financial liabilities

21.1 Finance lease

During 2015, the Company entered into a finance lease with Board Market Trading 258 (Pty) Ltd for the purchase of two generators with 
net book value of US$148,779 (31 December 2015: US$181,336) to be used at the RHA Tungsten Mine. The finance lease is for a term of 
48 months with interest charged at 19.5% per annum with monthly repayment of US$5,960 beginning from 1 August 2016. Depreciation 
charged on the assets financed by leases during the year was US$19,457 (31 December 2015: US$19,457). 

The agreement is classified as a finance lease as the rental period amounts to the estimated useful economic life of the assets concerned 
and the Group has the right to purchase the assets outright at the end of the minimum lease term by paying a nominal amount.
Future lease payments are due as follows:

2016

Not later than one year

Between one year and five years

Later than five years

2015

Not later than one year

Between one year and five years

Later than five years

Minimum lease 
payments
$000

Interest
$000

Present value
$000

50

130

-

180

11

29

-

40

61

159

-

219

Minimum lease 
payments
$000

Interest
$000

Present value
$000

10

180

-

190

25

40

-

65

35

220

-

255

42     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

21.2 Acquisition of TCT Industrias Florestais Limitada

Purchase price of 52% interest (see note 14)

Current

Non-current

2016
$ 000

2,127

1,320

807

2,127

2015
$ 000

-

-

-

-

On 31 October 2016 the Company announced it had concluded the public deeds for the assignment of quotas to acquire a 26% interest 
in TCT IF from Transport Commodity Trading Mozambique Limitada (“TCTM”) and a further 26% interest from GAPI Sociedade de 
Investimentos S.A. (“GAPI”), in aggregate amounting to 52% for a total consideration of US$2.1 million. 

Pursuant to the agreement with TCTM as announced on 27 April 2016, and announced as completed in October 2016, the Group 
obtained control over TCTM’s 26% interest in TCT IF (the “TCT Agreement”) for a consideration of US$1.1 million, payable in four tranches 
in either new Premier Ordinary Shares or cash at the election of TCTM. 

  •   The amended payment tranches are as follows: the first tranche now amounts to US$220,000 and is payable within five working days 

to TCTM following pending approval by the Mozambican authorities;

  •   The second tranche amounts to US$440,000 and is payable within 60 days following the first tranche;

  •   The third tranche amounts to US$220,000 and is payable within 90 days following the first tranche;

  •   The final tranche amounts to US$220,000 and is payable within 120 days following the first tranche. 

Pursuant to the agreement with GAPI, the Group obtained GAPI’s 26% interest (the “GAPI Agreement”) for a consideration of US$1.0 
million, payable in five tranches in either new Premier Ordinary Shares or cash at the election of GAPI. 

  •   The first tranche amounts to US$220,000 and is payable within five working days to GAPI following pending approval by the 

Mozambican authorities; 

  •   The second tranche amounts to US$195,000 and is payable within 13 months following the first tranche;

  •   The third tranche amounts to US$195,000 and is payable within 21 months following the first tranche;

  •   The fourth tranche amounting to US$195,000 is payable within 29 months following the first tranche; 

  •   The final tranche amounting to US$195,000 is payable within 36 months following the first tranche. 

The Original Public Deed Certificates (“Certificates”) for both the TCTM Agreement and the GAPI Agreement shall remain in the care of 
Premier’s elected solicitors, until written confirmation is received from either GAPI or TCTM confirming that the final instalment of the 
purchase price has been received, thereafter, the Certificates will be released to Premier whereby final procedural registration of the 
assignment of quotas as well as the publication of the amendment of the articles of association of the TCT IF shall be enacted. 

Furthermore, the Parties have acknowledged and agreed that during the period, Premier shall have an irrevocable power of attorney 
to permit Premier to participate and vote in all General Assembly meetings on behalf of both parties. Premier shall also be allowed 
to appoint a representative to the TCT IF’s Board of Directors. The company has elected George Roach to TCT IF’s Board of Directors. 
Premier has further been appointed as the manager of TCT IF.

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     43

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

22. Borrowings

As at 1 January

Loans received (1) (2) (3)

Loans repaid through conversion to equity (1) 

Loans capitalised as equity (4)

Accrued interest

As at 31 December

Current

Non-current

2016
$ 000

808

-

(247)

-

5

566

566

-

566

2015
$ 000

767

800

-

(794)

35

808

549

259

808

Borrowings comprise loans from a related party and a non-related party. Loans from a related party are further disclosed in Note 32, 
Related Party Transactions.

(1)   On 9 April 2015, the CEO and Chairman George Roach provided a US$250,000 bridge loan facility and agreed the repayment and 

conversion terms of the loan outstanding at 31 December 2014. Together the loans with any accrued interest will become repayable 
by the Company as soon as all other third party indebtedness has been repaid in full or with the prior consent of all third party 
lenders. The loans are unsecured and interest will accrue at the rate of LIBOR plus 3%. George Roach may elect to convert all or part 
of the loans into new ordinary shares in the Company at a conversion price that is the lesser of the volume-weighted average price of 
the ordinary shares for the five trading days immediately prior to the date of conversion or the closing price of the ordinary shares on 
the date of the loans.

 On 29 January 2016, the Company issued 47,479,109 shares at an issue price of 0.364p per share for a total value of £172,824 
(US$247,000) to George Roach for conversion of this loan refer note 25 (27).

(2)   On 27 April 2015, AgriMinco Corp (“AgriMinco”) provided a US$250,000 loan facility. The loan with any accrued interest will become 
repayable by the Company in 24 months or earlier with the prior consent of all third party lenders. The loans are unsecured and 
interest will accrue at the rate of 5% per annum. AgriMinco may elect to convert all or part of the loan into new units when the loan 
facility becomes payable. One unit comprises one new ordinary share and one new warrant. The conversion price will be the lesser 
of the fifteen day volume-weighted average price of the ordinary shares for the two business days immediately prior to the maturity 
date and the date of a repayment notice, if any. Each new warrant would entitle the unit holder to subscribe for one new ordinary 
share at an exercise price equivalent to a 20% premium to the conversion price for a period of two years.

(3)   On 15 September 2015, the CEO and Chairman George Roach provided a US$300,000 loan direct to RHA Tungsten (Pty) Limited 
(‘RHA’). The loan with any accrued interest will become repayable by RHA as soon as all other third party indebtedness has been 
repaid in full or with the prior consent of all third party lenders. The loans are unsecured and interest will accrue at the rate of  
LIBOR plus 3%. 

(4)   On 4 December 2015 George Roach converted US$650,000 of his loans to Premier into new ordinary shares and on 11 December 

2015 Mr Roach converted a further US$144,119 of his loans into new ordinary shares (refer note 25).  

44     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

   
23. Provisions

Rehabilitation provision As at 1 January

Unwinding of discount

As at 31 December

2016
$ 000

735

74

809

2015
$ 000

700

35

735

A provision is recognised for site restoration and decommissioning of current mining activities based on current environmental 
and regulatory requirements. The net present value of the provision at a discount rate of 10% over an 8 year life of mine amounts 
to US$809,000 (31 December 2015: US$735,000) and has been capitalised as an addition to mine costs and depreciated in PPE as 
explained in the accounting policy note. 

24. Loan notes and derivative financial liabilities

Convertible loan notes

As at 1 January

Loans notes issued 

Loan notes converted (note 25)

Premium on notes converted

Foreign exchange

Deferred finance costs

As at 31 December

Derivative financial instruments

Derivative financial liability on issue of loan notes

Loan notes issued

Loan notes converted (note 25)

Premium on notes converted

Foreign exchange

As at 31 December

2016
$ 000

1,230

2,920

(1,523)

-

(39)

(714)

1,874

2016
$ 000

194

-

(199)

-

(5)

-

2015
$ 000

-

4,005

(2,495)

35

10

(324)

1,230

2015
$ 000

1,151

-

(968)

5

6

194

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     45

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

24. Loan notes and derivative financial liabilities continued

Loan notes 

On 23 August 2016, the Company entered into an agreement with Darwin whereby Darwin could subscribe for a total of £3.5 million in 
convertible loan notes in which the Company would receive 90% of the par value of the notes. The loan notes were to be issued in three 
tranches on fulfilment of certain milestones. The notes will redeem 12 months from the subscription date unless repaid or converted.  
As at the reporting date, only tranches 1 and 2 were drawn down and during the year US$220,000 of these were converted into equity 
(refer note 25).  The gross amount of the loans issued can be converted between 105% and 100% of principal into ordinary shares at 
90% of the traded share price when certain conditions are met. This conversion option represents a derivative liability of the company 
that is separately presented on the statement of financial position and fair valued through profit or loss. The directors have concluded 
that the value of the conversion option is not material and accordingly there is no value presented above.   

During the year under review Darwin converted, in total, US$1,523,000 (31 December 2015: US$2,495,000) into equity. 

The loan notes are secured by a put option held by the loan note holder that would require George Roach to purchase the shares held 
in Circum Minerals Limited at US$2 per share, representing the carrying value of the investment in note 15. This represents a guarantee 
given by the director and the put option has been valued by a third party at approximately US$1.6m. 

For details of the fair value hierarchy, valuation techniques, and significant observable inputs related to determining the fair value 
derivative financial instruments, which are classified in level 2 hierarchy, refer to note 31.

Warrant liabilities

The Darwin instruments were issued with warrants equal to 30% of the aggregate par value of the loan notes issued on each of the relevant 
issue dates with the right to purchase one newly issued ordinary share for each warrant. The warrants have an exercise price of 125% of 
the initial market price and can be issued within three years and 7 days of the issue date. During the year ended 31 December 2016 Darwin 
were issued with 77,777,778 warrants in respect of issue date one and 44 million in respect of warrants issued on issue date 2.

For details of the fair value hierarchy, valuation techniques, and significant observable inputs related to determining the fair value 
derivative financial instruments, which are classified in level 2 hierarchy, refer to notes 29 and 31.

25. Share capital

Authorised share capital

4 billion (31 December 2015: 2 billion) ordinary shares of no par value.

46     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

Issued share capital

As at 1 January 2015

Shares issued on exercise of share options (1) 

Shares issued on conversion of loan notes (2)

Shares issued for employee share award (3)

Shares issued on conversion of loan notes (4)

Shares issued on conversion of loan notes (5)

Shares issued on exercising of warrants (6)

Shares issued on exercising of warrants (7)

Shares issued under subscription agreement (8)

Shares issued on exercise of share options (9)

Shares issued on exercise of share options (10)

Shares issued under subscription agreement (11)

Shares issued under indigenisation agreement (12)

Shares issued on conversion of loan notes (13)

Shares issued on conversion of loan notes (14)

Shares issued under indigenisation agreement (15)

Shares issued on conversion of loan (16)

Shares issued under subscription agreement (17)

Shares issued on conversion of loan (18)

Shares issued on conversion of loan notes (19)

As at 31 December 2015

Shares issued on conversion of loan notes (20)

Shares issued on conversion of loan notes (21)

Shares issued under subscription agreement (22)

Shares issued under subscription agreement (23)

Shares issued under subscription agreement (24)

Shares issued under subscription agreement (25)

Shares issued under subscription agreement (26)

Shares issued on conversion of loan (27)

Shares issued on conversion of loan notes (28)

Shares issued on conversion of loan notes (29)

Shares issued on conversion of loan notes (30)

Shares issued on conversion of loan notes (31)

Shares issued on conversion of loan notes (32)

Shares issued on conversion of loan notes (33)

Shares issued under subscription agreement (34)

Shares issued under subscription agreement (35)

Shares issued under subscription agreement (36)

Shares issued on conversion of loan notes (37)

Shares issued on conversion for fees (38)

Shares issued on conversion for fees (39)

Shares issued on conversion for fees (40)

As at 31 December 2016

Number of Shares
‘000

503,117

$ 000

16,283

12,206

20,086

4,000

18,519

44,444

9,000

35,000

22,500

5,537

7,500

21,000

6,596

81,572

118,536

7,017

79,945

30,000

21,088

57,586

-

229

50

384

914

172

688

700

-

135

434

100

768

854

50

650

171

144

314

1,105,249

23,040

40,000

30,303

4,615

7,692

3,000

50,000

54,000

47,479

77,954

53,976

25,703

42,818

59,898

36,860

100,000

146,667

93,750

79,397

25,763

19,214

7,273

189

144

17

29

11

190

205

247

267

204

97

240

462

285

696

1,584

366

221

88

75

24

2,111,611

28,680

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     47

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

25. Share capital continued

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

(4) 

(5) 

(6) 

(7) 

(8) 

(9) 

 On 10 February 2015, the Company issued 12,206,271 shares on exercise of share options under the Group’s share option plan. The share options 
had an exercise price of US$ Nil. The fair value of the share options has been credited to retained earnings.

 On 4 March 2015, the Company issued 20,085,699 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on conversion of £150,000 of loan notes (refer note 23) at an 
issue price of 0.7468p per share.

 On 13 March 2015, the Company issued 4,000,000 shares at nil cost to the Company’s Chief Operating Officer in conjunction with an employee 
share award. The average price of the Company’s shares on issue date was 0.85p per share valuing the award at £34,000 (US$50,170). 

 On 30 April 2015, the Company issued 18,518,518 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on conversion of £250,000 of loan notes (refer note 23) at an 
issue price of 1.35p per share.

 On 5 June 2015, the Company issued 44,444,444 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on conversion of £600,000 of loan notes (refer note 23) at an 
issue price of 1.35p per share.

On 5 June 2015, the Company issued 9,000,000 shares to YAGM on the exercising of warrants at an exercise price of 1.25p per share.

 On 24 June 2015, the Company issued 35,000,000 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on the exercising of warrants at an exercise price of 1.25p per share.

On 9 July 2015, the Company issued 22,500,000 shares under a subscription agreement at a price of 2p per share.

 On 10 July 2015, the Company issued 5,536,864 shares on exercise of share options under the Group’s share option plan. The share options had an 
exercise price of US$ Nil. The fair value of the share options has been credited to retained earnings.

(10) 

 On 29 July 2015, the Company issued 7,500,000 shares on exercise of share options under the Group’s share option plan. The share options had an 
exercise price of 1.15p per share.  

(11)  On 22 September 2015, the Company issued 21,000,000 shares under a subscription agreement at a price of 1.35p per share.

(12) 

(13) 

(14) 

(15) 

(16) 

 On 2 October 2015, the Company issued 6,596,300 shares to the National Indigenisation Economic and Empowerment Fund (‘NIEEF’) in settlement of the 
first tranche payment of US$100,000 on the RHA Tungsten Project reaching commercial production. The shares were issued at a price of 1p per share.

 On 23 October 2015, the Company issued 81,572,190 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on conversion of £500,000 of loan notes (refer note 23) at 
an issue price of 0.613p per share.

 On 30 November 2015, the Company issued 118,535,383 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on conversion of £567,500 of loan notes (refer note 
23) at an issue price of 0.47876p per share.

 On 2 December 2015, the Company issued 7,017,447 shares to NIEEF in settlement of the second payment of US$50,000 in respect of the RHA 
Tungsten Project. The shares were issued at a price of 0.47p per share.

 On 4 December 2015, the Company issued 79,945,167 shares at an issue price of 0.538p per share for a total value of £430,105 (US$650,000) to 
George Roach for conversion of a portion of his loans (refer note 21). 

(17)  On 10 December 2015, the Company issued 30,000,000 shares under a subscription agreement at a price of 0.375p per share.

(18) 

(19) 

(20) 

(21) 

 On 11 December 2015, the Company issued 21,087,680 shares at an issue price of 0.4505p per share for a total value of £95,000 (US$144,119) to 
George Roach for conversion of a portion of his loans (refer note 21). 

 On 16 December 2015, the Company issued 57,586,206 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on conversion of £208,750 of loan notes (refer note 23) 
at an issue price of 0.3625p per share.

 On 13 January 2016, the Company issued 40,000,000 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on conversion of £132,000 of loan notes (refer note 23) at 
an issue price of 0.33p per share.

 On 13 January 2016, the Company issued 30,303,030 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on conversion of £100,000 of loan notes (refer note 23) at 
an issue price of 0.33p per share.

(22)  On 29 January 2016, the Company issued 4,615,386 shares under a subscription agreement at a price of 0.26p per share.

(23)  On 29 January 2016, the Company issued 7,692,308 shares under a subscription agreement at a price of 0.26p per share.

(24)  On 29 January 2016, the Company issued 3,000,000 shares under a subscription agreement at a price of 0.26p per share.

(25)  On 29 January 2016, the Company issued 50,000,000 shares under a subscription agreement at a price of 0.26p per share.

(26)  On 29 January 2016, the Company issued 54,000,000 shares under a subscription agreement at a price of 0.26p per share.

48     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

(27) 

(28) 

(29) 

(30) 

(31) 

(32) 

(33) 

 On 29 January 2016, the Company issued 47,479,109 shares at an issue price of 0.364p per share for a total value of £172,824 (US$247,000) to 
George Roach for conversion of a portion of his loans (refer note 21).

 On 12 February, the Company issued 77,954,475 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on conversion of £210,000 of loan notes (refer note 23) at an 
issue price of 0.269388p per share.

 On 17 February, the Company issued 53,975,695 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on conversion of £157,500 of loan notes (refer note 23) at an 
issue price of 0.291798p per share.

 On 17 February, the Company issued 25,702,712 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on conversion of £75,000 of loan notes (refer note 23) at an 
issue price of 0.291798p per share.

 On 19 February, the Company issued 42,817,855 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on conversion of £175,000 of loan notes (refer note 23) at an 
issue price of 0.408708p per share.

 On 22 February, the Company issued 59,897,676 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on conversion of £325,000 of loan notes (refer note 23) at an 
issue price of 0.542592p per share.

 On 24 February, the Company issued 36,860,109 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on conversion of £200,000 of loan notes (refer note 23) at an 
issue price of 0.542592p per share.

(34)  On 29 February 2016, the Company issued 100,000,000 shares under a subscription agreement at a price of 0.5p per share.

(35)  On 26 April 2016, the Company issued 146,666,667 shares under a subscription agreement at a price of 0.75p per share.

(36)  On 18 October 2016, the Company issued 93,750,000 shares under a subscription agreement at a price of 0.32p per share.

(37) 

(38) 

(39) 

(40) 

 On 23 November, the Company issued 79,396,838 shares to Darwin Strategic Limited on conversion of £250,000 of loan notes (refer note 23) at an 
issue price of 0.314874p per share.

 On 21 December 2016, the Company issued 25,763,185 shares at an issue price of 0.275p per share for a total value of £70,849 (US$87,684) for 
conversion of Directors fees.

 On 21 December 2016, the Company issued 19,213,580 shares at an issue price of 0.3162p per share for a total value of £60,753 (US$75,190) to 
Afmine for conversion of fees.

 On 22 December 2016, the Company issued 7,272,727 shares at an issue price of 0.275p per share for a total value of £20,000 (US$24,513) to  
Sam Levy for conversion of fees.

Reconciliation to balance as stated in the consolidated statement of financial position

As at 1 January

Issued share capital

Share issue costs

As at 31 December

2016
$ 000

         21,469 

5,640

(253)

26,856

2015
$ 000

    14,792 

     6,757 

       (80) 

21,469

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     49

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

26. Merger reserve

Merger reserve *

2016
$ 000

(176)

* Relates to the agreement to issue shares to acquire 100% of the shares in ZimDiv Holdings entered into on 4 December 2012.

27. Foreign exchange reserve

As at 1 January 2015

Change in reserves during the year

As at 31 December 2016

28. Share based payment reserve and warrant options

Share options and warrants outstanding beginning of year

    Share options granted

    Share options exercised

    Warrant options granted

    Warrant options exercised

Share options and warrants outstanding end of year

No share options or warrants expired during the year.

2016
$ 000

349 

           (65) 

284 

2016
$’000s

1,079

78

-

127

-

1,284

2015
$ 000

(176)

2015
$ 000

    299 

50 

    349

2015
$’000s

1,118

258

(662)

797

(432)

1,079

50     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

29. Share based payments

Under IFRS 2 “Share Based Payments”, the Group determines the fair value of shares, options and warrants issued to Directors and 
Employees as remuneration and Consultants and Advisors as consideration for their services, and recognises an expense in profit or 
loss, a deduction from equity or an addition to intangible assets depending on the nature of the services received.  A corresponding 
increase is recognised in equity in the share based payment reserve.

Details of share issues are provided in note 25 and details of share options and warrants are set out below.

Share Options

The Company adopted a new incentive share option plan (the ‘Plan’) during 2012. The essential elements of the Plan provide that the 
aggregate number of common shares of the Company’s capital stock issuable pursuant to options granted under the Plan may not 
exceed 15% of the issued and outstanding Ordinary Shares at the time of any grant of options. Options granted under the Plan will have 
a maximum term of 10 years. All options granted to Directors and management are subject to vesting provisions of one to two years. 

The Company has granted the following share options during the years to 31 December 2016:

Issued to

Date Granted

Vesting Term

Employees and consultants

10/02/2011

1 year

Directors

Directors

04/12/2012

See 1 below

04/12/2012

See 2 below

Employees and associates

04/12/2012

See 3 below

Directors 

Directors

Management

Management

Directors

Directors

Management

Management

Totals

29/07/2014

See 4 below

29/07/2014

See 5 below

29/07/2014

See 4 below

29/07/2014

See 5 below

13/03/2015

See 4 below

13/03/2015

See 5 below

13/03/2015

See 4 below

13/03/2015

See 5 below

Number of  
Options Granted
‘000

2,250

20,386

20,386

5,536

6,000

6,000

6,500

6,500

2,000

2,000

3,250

3,250

84,058

Exercise Price

Expiry Date

1.135c

09/02/2014

Nil

2p

Nil

1.15p

1.50p

1.15p

1.50p

0.9p

1.17p

0.9p

1.17p

03/12/2022

03/12/2022

03/12/2022

28/07/2024

28/07/2024

28/07/2024

28/07/2024

12/03/2025

12/03/2025

12/03/2025

12/03/2025

Estimated  
Fair Value

0.87c

1.11p

1.85p

1.85p

1.15p

1.15p

1.15p

1.15p

0.67p

0.64p

0.67p

0.64p

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

 These share options vest on the two-year anniversary of the grant date. The options are exercisable at any time after vesting during the grantee’s 
period as an eligible option holder, and must be exercised no later than 10 years after the date of grant, after which the options will lapse. 

 These share options vest in equal instalments annually on the anniversary of the grant date over a two year period. The options are exercisable at any 
time after vesting during the grantee’s period as an eligible option holder, and must be exercised no later than 10 years after the date of grant, after 
which the options will lapse.

 These share options vested on the grant date. The options are exercisable at any time after vesting during the grantee’s period as an eligible option 
holder, and must be exercised no later than 10 years after the date of grant, after which the options will lapse. 

 These share options vest on the one-year anniversary of the grant date. The options are exercisable at any time after vesting during the grantee’s 
period as an eligible option holder, and must be exercised no later than 10 years after the date of grant, after which the options will lapse. 

 These share options vest on the two-year anniversary of the grant date. The options are exercisable at any time after vesting during the grantee’s 
period as an eligible option holder, and must be exercised no later than 10 years after the date of grant, after which the options will lapse. 

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     51

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

29. Share based payments continued

No options were granted during the year ended 31 December 2016 (31 December 2015: 10,500,000), however due to the two year 
vesting period a US$78,000 charge (31 December 2015: US$258,000) was recognised in respect of the above option schemes. 

The fair value of the options granted during the year ended 31 December 2016 was US$ Nil (31 December 2015: US$102,000). The 
assessed fair value of options granted to directors and management was determined using the Black-Scholes Model that takes into 
account the exercise price, the term of the option, the share price at grant date, the expected price volatility of the underlying share,  
the expected dividend yield and the risk-free rate interest rate for the term of the option.  

The Group has the following share options outstanding:

Grant Date

04/12/2012

04/12/2012

29/07/2014

29/07/2014

13/03/2015

13/03/2015

Expiry Date

03/12/2022

03/12/2022

28/07/2024

28/07/2024

12/03/2025

12/03/2025

Exercise Price

Number of  
options outstanding
‘000

Number of options  
vested and exercisable
‘000

Nil

2p

1.15p

1.50p

0.9p

1.17p

2,013

12,458

3,000

10,500

5,250

5,250

38,471

2,013

12,458

3,000

10,500

5,250

-

33,221

A summary of the status of the Group’s share options as of 31 December 2016 and changes during the year are as follows:

Options outstanding, beginning of year

Granted

Exercised

Options outstanding, end of year

2016

2015

Shares
‘000

38,471

-

-

38,471

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price

1.15p

-

-

1.15p

Shares
‘000

53,215

10,500

(25,244)

38,471

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price

1.05p

0.41p

0.34p

1.15p

No share options were cancelled and expired during the year.

52     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

Warrants

During the year the Company granted 144,777,778 warrants (31 December 2015: 83,684,382) over Ordinary Shares. 

Issued to

Advisors

Funders

Funders

Funders

Subscribers

Funders

Funders

Funders

Advisors

Funders

Totals

Date Granted

04/12/2012

28/01/2014

02/02/2015

28/04/2015

09/07/2015

15/09/2015

09/10/2015

23/08/2016

20/09/2016

19/12/2016

Number of  
Warrants Issued
‘000

Exercise Price

7,017

9,000

40,000

16,674

1,500

3,559

21,951

77,778

23,000

44,000

200,479

4p

1.25p

1.25p

2.96875p

3p

1.4047p

1.025p

0.8437p

0.8p

0.375p

Expiry Date

03/12/2017

27/01/2017

09/02/2018

04/05/2018

08/07/2018

22/09/2017

16/10/2018

29/08/2019

19/09/2019

26/12/2019

* Warrants issued to funders have been accounted for as warrant liabilities in the consolidated statement of financial position.

The fair value of the warrants granted to advisors during the year ended 31 December 2016 was US$127,000 (31 December 2015: 
US$715,000). The fair value of the warrants issued to funders for the year ended 31 December 2016 was US$562,000 and is shown 
separately on the statement of financial position (31 December 2015: Nil).

The following table lists the inputs into the valuation model for the year to 31 December 2016:

Dividend yield (%)

Expected volatility (%)

Risk-free interest rate (%)

Share price at grant date 

Exercise price

Re-set provisions

23 August 2016 issue

20 September 2016 issue

19 December 2016 issue

-

203.0

0.56

0.475p

0.8437p

-

206.0

1.05

0.475p

0.375p

-

214.0

1.40

0.250p

0.800p

The warrants attached to the Darwin loan notes issued in 2016 contain certain re-set provisions as to exercise price and/or number of 
warrants issued depending on certain conditions. Any share subscriptions priced at a price lesser than the warrant exercise price will 
trigger a re-set of the exercise price to the lower share subscription price. This occurred on 19 December 2016. Therefore, the warrants 
exercise price was re-set for all remaining Darwin warrants issued under the loan notes to a new exercise price of 0.375p being the 
lowest subscription price on 16 December 2016.  

A summary of the status of the Company’s share warrants as of 31 December 2016 and changes during the year are as follows:

Warrants outstanding, beginning of year

Granted

Expired

Exercised

Warrants outstanding, end of year

2016
‘000

55,701

144,778

-

-

200,479

2015
‘000

16,017

83,684

-

(44,000)

55,701

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     53

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

30. Notes to the statement of cash flows

Loss before tax

Adjustments for:

Depreciation and amortization

Impairment of exploration and evaluation assets 

Share of Joint Venture results

Foreign exchange

Finance costs

Fees settled in shares

Share based payments

Operating cash flows before movements in working capital

Increase in inventories

Decrease/(increase) in receivables

(Decrease) / increase in payables

Net cash (outflow) from operating activities

2016
$ 000

(5,632)

1,584

-

-

-

721

187

204

(2,936)

(152)

217

(615)

(3,486)

2015
$ 000

(7,862)

714

844

-

16

1,719

-

308

(4,261)

(183)

(409)

1,754

(3,099)

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank, bank overdrafts and short term bank deposits with an original maturity of three 
months or less. The carrying value of these assets is approximately equal to their fair value. 

54     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

31. Financial instruments 

The Group uses financial instruments comprising cash, receivables, available-for-sale assets (investments in Circum and Casa shares), bank 
overdraft, payables, borrowings, loan notes,  and other financial liabilities. Cash balances are held in Sterling, US Dollars and the Euro. 

The Group has a policy of not hedging and therefore takes market rates in respect of foreign exchange risk. However, rates are 
monitored closely by management. 

Financial assets and liabilities

2016

Trade and other receivables

Available-for-sale assets

Cash and cash equivalents

Bank overdraft

Trade payables

Accrued liabilities

Payroll liabilities

Borrowings

Loan notes

Other financial liabilities

2015

Trade and other receivables

Investment

Cash and cash equivalents

Bank overdraft

Trade payables

Accrued liabilities

Payroll liabilities

Borrowings

Loan notes

Derivative financial liability

Other financial liabilities

Available-for-sale 
financial assets
$ 000

Loans and 
receivables
$ 000

Financial liabilities  
at amortised cost
$ 000

Financial liabilities  
at fair value through 
profit or loss
$ 000

-

4,250

-

4,250

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

464

-

399

863

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

155

937

1,443

235

566

1,874

2,307

7,517

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Available-for-sale 
financial assets
$ 000

Loans and 
receivables
$ 000

Financial liabilities  
at amortised cost
$ 000

Financial liabilities  
at fair value through 
profit or loss
$ 000

-

4,000

-

4,000

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

284

-

45

329

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

62

1,270

1,618

161

808

1,230

-

190

5,339

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

194

-

194

Total
$ 000

464

4,250

399

5,113

155

937

1,443

235

566

1,874

2,307

7,517

Total
$ 000

284

4,000

45

4,329

62

1,270

1,618

161

808

1,230

194

190

5,533

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     55

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

31. Financial instruments continued

Valuation techniques and assumptions applied for the purposes of measuring fair value

The fair value of cash and receivables and liabilities approximates the carrying values disclosed in the financial statements. 

The fair value of available-for-sale financial assets is estimated by using other readily available information. As the Circum and Casa 
shares are in privately held exploration companies, the fair values were estimated using observable placing prices where available or 
movements in the share price of comparable listed companies.

The fair value of the derivative instruments is calculated using the value of the convertible loan note in the absence of the conversion 
features and the likelihood of default. This bond component of the convertible loan note has a value equal to the sum of the discounted 
interest payments and capital redemptions on the note. These cash flows are typically discounted using a risk free discount rate.

The embedded derivative represents the additional value of the conversion features on the note. The value depends on the probability 
of the conversion triggers being triggered and the expected payoff under that scenario. The valuation of the embedded derivative 
requires the estimation of the probability of default and the probability of the conversion triggers being triggered at each date where the 
company is contracted to redeem the notes. The value of the embedded derivative is the discounted probability weighted payoff under 
the different conversion trigger scenarios.

Capital management

The Group manages its capital resources to ensure that entities in the Group will be able to continue as a going concern, while 
maximising shareholder return. 

The capital structure of the Group consists of equity attributable to shareholders, comprising issued share capital and reserves. The 
availability of new capital will depend on many factors including a positive mineral exploration environment, positive stock market 
conditions, the Group’s track record, and the experience of management. There are no externally imposed capital requirements.  The 
Directors are confident that adequate cash resources exist or will be made available to finance operations but controls over expenditure 
are carefully managed.  

Foreign currency risk

The Group undertakes certain transactions denominated in foreign currencies. Hence, exposures to exchange rate fluctuations arise.

The carrying amounts of the Group’s foreign currency denominated monetary assets and monetary liabilities at the reporting date are  
as follows:

Sterling

Euro (€)

Canadian dollar (CDN$)

South African Rand (ZAR)

Mozambique metical (MZM)

Liabilities

Assets

2016
$ 000

189

163

-

32

234

618

2015
$ 000

275

168

21

51

-

515

2016
$ 000

350

1

-

-

3

354

2015
$ 000

21

1

-

-

22

The presentation currency of the Group is US dollars.

The Group is exposed primarily to movements in USD, the currency in which the Group receives most of its funding, against other 
currencies in which the Group incurs liabilities and expenditure.  

56     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

Sensitivity analysis

Financial instruments affected by foreign currency risk include cash and cash equivalents, other receivables, trade and other payables 
and convertible loan notes. The following analysis, required by IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures, is intended to illustrate the 
sensitivity of the Group’s financial instruments (at year end) to changes in market variables, being exchange rates.

The following assumptions were made in calculating the sensitivity analysis:

  •  All income statement sensitivities also impact equity

  •   Translation of foreign subsidiaries and operations into the Group’s presentation currency have been excluded from this sensitivity as 

they have no monetary effect on the results

Income Statement / Equity

Exchange rates

+10% US$ Sterling (GBP)

-10% US$ Sterling (GBP)

+10% US$ Euro (€)

-10% US$ Euro (€)

+10% US$ South African Rand (ZAR)

-10% US$ South African Rand (ZAR)

+10% US$ Canadian dollar (CDN$)

-10% US$ Canadian dollar (CDN$)

+10% Mozambique metical (MZM)

-10% Mozambique metical (MZM)

2016
$’000s

2015
$’000s

23

(23)

17

(17)

0.2

(0.2)

0

(0)

23

(23)

38

(38)

18

(18)

0.3

(0.3)

2.1

(2.1)

-

-

The above sensitivities are calculated with reference to a single moment in time and will change due to a number of factors including:

  •  Fluctuating other receivable and trade payable balances

  •  Fluctuating cash balances

  •  Changes in currency mix

Credit risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Group to a significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of trade debtors and cash 
and cash equivalents. The Group limits its exposure to credit loss by placing its cash with major financial institutions. As at 31 December 2016, 
the Group held US$399, 000 in cash and cash equivalents (2015: US$45,000) and had a US$155,000 bank overdraft (2015: US$62,000).

Liquidity risk

Some of the Group’s financial liabilities are classified as current and some are non-current. The Group intends to settle these liabilities 
from revenue generated from sales production, sale of assets and working capital.

Market risk

The Group’s investments in available-for-sale financial assets comprise small shareholdings in unlisted companies. The shares are not 
readily tradable and any monetisation of the shares is dependent on finding a willing buyer. 

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     57

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

32. Related party transactions

Borrowings

1. 

  On 9 April 2015, the CEO and Chairman George Roach provided a US$250,000 bridge loan facility and agreed the repayment and 
conversion terms of the loan outstanding at 31 December 2014. Together the loans with any accrued interest are repayable by the 
Company as soon as all other third party indebtedness has been repaid in full or with the prior consent of all third party lenders. The 
loans are unsecured and interest will accrue at the rate of LIBOR plus 3%. George Roach may elect to convert all or part of the loans 
into new ordinary shares in the Company at a conversion price that is the lesser of the volume-weighted average price of the ordinary 
shares for the five trading days immediately prior to the date of conversion or the closing price of the ordinary shares on the date of 
the loans. 

 On 29 January 2016, the Company issued 47,479,109 shares at an issue price of 0.364p per share for a total value of £172,824 
(US$247,000) to George Roach for conversion of this loan refer note 25 (27).

2. 

 On 15 September 2015, through the Company the CEO and Chairman George Roach provided a US$300,000 loan direct to RHA 
Tungsten (Pty) Limited (‘RHA’). The loan with any accrued interest will become repayable by RHA as soon as all other third party 
indebtedness has been repaid in full or with the prior consent of all third party lenders. The loans are unsecured and interest will 
accrue at the rate of LIBOR plus 3%. 

The balance of the loans to Premier at 31 December 2016 was US$566,000 (refer note 22).

Subsequent to the reporting date, Mr. Roach converted the balance of his loans plus accrued interest to Premier into equity (refer note 
34).  During the 2016 financial year, Mr. Roach earned a total of US$7,000 (31 December US$27,000) in interest on his loans.

Supplies and Services     

During 2016 administration fees of US$36,500 (2015: US$35,500) were paid by Premier to a trading business in which Mr G Roach, 
Director is the beneficial owner. Administration fees comprised allocated rental costs and administrative support services.  At the 
financial year-end nothing remains outstanding of this amount (31 December 2015: US$8,500).

During 2016 capital goods, consumables and small equipment for RHA totalling US$38,380 (31 December 2015: US$36,624) was 
purchased on behalf of RHA by a business in which Mr G Roach, Director is a beneficial owner. At the financial year end US$20,016 
remains in creditors.

Put option

Premier entered into a put option agreement in respect of its holding of shares in Circum Minerals Limited (Circum) with George Roach. 
Under the Circum Agreement, in the event that: 

  •  Premier fails to meet its obligations under the JRG Memorandum; 

  •  JRG exercises its rights under the surety against George Roach and; 

  •  Premier fails to find an alternative buyer for its Circum shares, 

Then the company may require George Roach to purchase such number of Circum shares at a price of US$2 per Circum Share (being 
the fair market value of the Circum shares in the audited results for the year ended 31 December 2015) equal to the total amount then 
owed to JRG.

58     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

   
Remuneration of key management personnel

The remuneration of the Directors and other key management personnel of the Group are set out below for each of the categories 
specified in IAS 24 Related Party Disclosures. 

Consulting fees

Staff costs

Directors’ fees

Share based payments

33. Non-controlling interests

At 1 January

Non-controlling interest at acquisition

Non-controlling interest in share of losses for the year - RHA

Non-controlling interest in share of losses for two months ended December 2016 - TCT

At 31 December 

2016
$ 000

265

80

35

-

380

2016
$ 000

(1,497)

1,008

       (2,209) 

                (18) 

       (2, 716) 

2015
$ 000

360

206

127

50

743

2015
$ 000

373

-

(1,870)

-

(1,497)

The share of losses in the year represents the losses attributable to non-controlling interests in RHA Tungsten for the year and for the 
two months ended 31 December 2016 for TCT IF.

34. Events after the reporting date 

34.1  Conversion of loan note and issue of equity

  •   On 3 January 2017 the company received a notice of exercise by Darwin Capital Limited (“Darwin”) to convert 19 loan notes with an 
aggregate value of £475,000 into equity (“Conversion Notice”). As a result, the Company issued 204,121,975 new ordinary shares to 
Darwin at an issue price of 0.232704p per Share.

  •   On 19 January 2017 the Company issued 20 Loan Notes of the available 48 Loan notes as part of the Issue Date Two and Three of 

the Loan Note agreement with Darwin, full terms of which were set out in the announcement dated 22 August 2016. Darwin was 
issued with 42,857,143 warrants at 0.35 pence per warrant as part of the subscription.

  •   On 31 January 2017 the Company converted 16 loan notes with an aggregate par value of £400,000 into equity in relation to the 
convertible loan notes announced on 23 August 2016. The Conversion Notice was received in aggregate for £400,000 of the loan 
notes. The Company therefore issued 196,430,851 new ordinary shares to Darwin at an issue price of 0.203634p per Share.

  •   On 1 February 2017 the Company announced that it had received a notice of exercise by Darwin to convert a further 16 loan notes 
with an aggregate par value of £400,000 into equity in relation to the convertible loan notes announced on 22 August 2016. The 
Conversion Notice was received in aggregate for £400,000 of the loan notes. The Company therefore issued 196,430,851 new 
ordinary shares to Darwin at an issue price of 0.203634p per Share.

WWW.PREMIERAFRICANMINERALS.COM     59

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

34. Events after the reporting date continued

34.1  Conversion of loan note and issue of equity continued

  •   On 3 February 2017 the Company announced that it had received a notice of exercise by Darwin to convert a further 24 loan notes 
with an aggregate par value of £600,000 into equity in relation to the convertible loan notes announced on 22 August 2016. The 
Conversion Notice was received in aggregate for £600,000 of the loan notes. The Company therefore issued 294,646,277 new 
ordinary shares to Darwin at an issue price of 0.203634p per Share. 

  •   On 7 February 2017 the company, announced that it had received a notice of exercise by Darwin to convert the remaining 27 loan 

notes with an aggregate par value of £675,000.00 into equity in relation to the convertible loan notes announced on 22 August 2016. 
The Conversion Notice was received in aggregate for £675,000.00 of the loan notes the Company therefore issued 317,844,496 new 
ordinary shares to Darwin at an issue price of 0.212368p per Share.

34.2  Settlement of Loan Facility with AgriMinco

As announced on 27 April 2015 the Company had entered into a two year US$250,000 loan facility with AgriMinco Corp. (“Loan 
Facility”). On 19 January 2017, Premier and AgriMinco agreed to settle the Loan Facility, subject to TSX Exchange approval, whereby 
the outstanding amount owed by Premier under the Loan Facility (amounting to US$260,922.39 including accrued interest) would 
be offset by the historic amounts owed by AgriMinco (amounting to US$195,578.88). The net balance owed by Premier amounted to 
US$65,343.51 and Premier agreed to repay AgriMinco in four equal instalments of US$12,335.88 from 15 March 2017, with an initial 
amount of US$16,000 on execution of the settlement agreement.

34.3  Placings 

On 30 January 2017 the company issued new ordinary shares to raise £1,020,000 before costs (the “Placing”) through a subscription.

On 24 March 2017 the company announced that it had raised gross proceeds of £2,011,396.27 via an offer on PrimaryBid.com through 
the issue of 402,279,254 ordinary shares at an issue price 0.5p each 

34.4  Loan Agreement with George Roach and Loan Agreement Conversion Rights

On 15 September 2015, George Roach provided a US$300,000 loan direct to Premier for the use at RHA Tungsten (Pty) Limited (“RHA”). 
The loan is unsecured and accrues interest at a rate of 3% per annum. As at 28 March 2017, the loan and accrued interest totalled US$ 
309,457. On 28 March 2017 the Company announced that it had amended the terms of the existing loan agreement (“Loan”) with George 
Roach through the grant of conversion rights. The Board granted conversion rights in respect of the Loan, which can now be converted 
into new ordinary shares at a price of 0.5p per new ordinary share.

34.5  Conversion of Directors fees into equity 

On 31 March 2017  the company announced that certain of its Directors (the “Relevant Directors”) have accepted new ordinary shares in 
the Company (“Ordinary Shares”) as payment for their services (“Director Fees”) from year ending December 2016 (the “Relevant Period”). 
The Company approved the conversion of £30,000, representing Director Fees owed to the Relevant Directors covering the Relevant 
Period into 6,000,000 new Ordinary Shares which were issued at 0.5p per Ordinary Share.

35. Ultimate controlling party 

There is no single ultimate controlling party. 

60     PREMIER AFRICAN MINERALS   |   ANNUAL REPORT & ACCOUNTS   |   YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

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Company Information

Directors 
George Roach
CEO and Executive Chairman 

Ian Stalker
Non-Executive Director 

Michael Foster
Non-Executive Director  

Russel Swarts
Finance Officer and Non-Executive Director  

Registered Office
Craigmuir Chambers
PO Box 71
Road Town
Tortola VG 1110
British Virgin Islands

Nominated Adviser
Beaumont Cornish Limited
2nd Floor, Bowman House
29 Wilson Street
London EC2M 2SJ
United Kingdom

Stockbroker
Shore Capital Stockbrokers Limited
Bond Street House
14 Clifford Street
London W1S 4JU
United Kingdom

Stockbroker
Beaufort Securities Ltd
63 St Mary Axe
London
EC3A 8AA

Independent Auditors
RSM UK Audit LLP
The Pinnacle
170 Midsummer Boulevard
Milton Keynes
Buckinghamshire MK9 1BP
United Kingdom

Reporting Accountant
RSM UK Audit LLP
The Pinnacle
170 Midsummer Boulevard
Milton Keynes
Buckinghamshire MK9 1BP
United Kingdom

Legal Advisors 
Winckworth Sherwood LLP
Minerva House
5 Montague Close
London, SE1 9BB
United Kingdom

Legal counsel to the Company in the BVI
Harneys
Craigmuir Chambers
PO Box 71
Road Town
Tortola VG 1110
British Virgin Islands

Principal Bankers
Barclays Bank Plc
1 Churchill Place
London E14 5HP
United Kingdom

Registrars
Computershare Investor Services (BVI) Limited
Woodbourne Hall
PO Box 3162
Road Town
British Virgin Islands

Depository
Computershare Investor Services PLC
The Pavilions
Bridgwater Road
Bristol BS99 6ZZ
United Kingdom

Public Relations 
Yellow Jersey PR Limited 
1st floor, 30 Stamford Street 
London SE1 9LQ
United Kingdom 

Craigmuir Chambers
P.O. Box 71
Road Town
Tortola VG  1110
British Virgin Islands

www.premierafricanminerals.com

AIM : PREM