PS Business Parks
Annual Report 2020

Plain-text annual report

2020 ANNUAL REPORT psbusinessparks.com BUSINESS PARK LOCATIONS (As of December 31, 2020) WA (3) CA (47) VA (20) MD (4) Divisional/Regional Office ( ) = Number of business parks in state TX (21) FL (3) California Rentable Square Feet: 11,297,000 Buena Park Carson Cerritos Concord Culver City Fremont Hayward La Mirada Laguna Hills Lake Forest Milpitas Monterey Monterey Park Oakland San Diego San Jose San Leandro San Mateo San Ramon Santa Clara Santa Fe Springs Signal Hill South San Francisco Studio City Sunnyvale Torrance Texas Rentable Square Feet: 4,850,000 Austin Carrollton Farmers Branch Garland Irving Mesquite Plano Richardson Virginia Rentable Square Feet: 5,220,000 Alexandria Chantilly Fairfax Herndon Lorton McLean Merrifield Springfield Sterling Vienna Woodbridge Florida Rentable Square Feet: 3,866,000 Boca Raton Miami Wellington Maryland Rentable Square Feet: 1,145,000 Beltsville Gaithersburg Rockville Washington Rentable Square Feet: 1,350,000 Kent Redmond Renton Cover photo 212 Business Park, a 1.0 million square foot multi-tenant industrial park located in Seattle, Washington. CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN PS Business Parks, Inc., S&P 400 Index and NAREIT Equity Index December 31, 2010 - December 31, 2020 $400 $350 $300 $250 $200 $150 $100 $ 50 $ 0 12/31/10 12/31/11 12/31/12 12/31/13 12/31/14 12/31/15 12/31/16 12/31/17 12/31/18 12/31/19 12/31/20 PS Business Parks, Inc. S&P 400 Index NAREIT Equity Index 12/31/10 12/31/11 12/31/12 12/31/13 12/31/14 12/31/15 12/31/16 12/31/17 12/31/18 12/31/19 12/31/20 PS Business Parks, Inc. $100.00 $102.76 $123.73 $149.00 $164.47 $185.96 $254.96 $281.21 $303.44 $391.70 $325.84 S&P 400 Index $100.00 $98.27 $115.84 $154.64 $169.75 $166.06 $200.49 $233.06 $207.23 $261.52 $297.24 NAREIT Equity Index $100.00 $108.28 $129.62 $133.32 $170.68 $175.51 $190.65 $207.19 $198.81 $255.79 $242.69 The graph set forth above compares the yearly change in the cumulative total shareholder return on the Common Stock of the Company for the ten-year period ended December 31, 2020 to the cumulative total return of the Standard & Poor’s 400 Stock Index (“S&P 400 Index”) and the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts Equity Index (“NAREIT Equity Index”) for the same period (total shareholder return equals price appreciation plus dividends). The stock price performance graph assumes that the value of the investment in the Company’s Common Stock and each Index was $100 on December 31, 2010 and that all dividends were reinvested. The stock price performance shown in the graph is not necessarily indicative of future price performance. Dear Fellow Shareholders: Most of us will forever remember 2020 as a year filled with previously unimaginable challenges. As I reflect on this past year, I am proud of what the PS Business Parks family accomplished despite tremendous adversity. Our team displayed extraordinary dedication, commitment, compassion, and camaraderie; and I am sincerely thankful for how they have supported our customers and one another throughout these trying times. Resiliency is the common thread that runs through all parts of our business. PS Business Parks was built to withstand the stress of market cycles, capital market fluctuations, changes in user demand, environmental considerations, and other pressures which we have weathered in our 30-plus years of experience. The COVID-19 pandemic created a stress test unlike any we have seen before; and I am pleased to report that we not only withstood the test and produced solid results, but emerged as a stronger and more durable company, poised to continue creating value for you, our shareholders. 2020 Operating Results Our business is a fairly simple one: we own and operate a geographically diverse portfolio of multi-tenant business parks located in strong gateway markets. Select operating results for 2020 and 2019 are shown below. Rental income Same Park Cash Rental Income Same Park Cash Net Operating Income (NOI) (In millions) 2020 $415.6 $379.9 $267.4 2019 $429.8 $379.5 $269.9 We entered 2020 expecting lower year-over-year weighted average occupancy knowing we would receive possession of several larger than average suites during the year, including a 460,000 square foot single-tenant building in the East Bay submarket of Northern California which vacated in the first quarter and a 288,000 square foot single-tenant building in the Los Angeles submarket of Southern California which vacated in the second quarter. These large expirations created an occupancy headwind for us, which we welcomed for the opportunity to mark the expiring rents to market for the first time in many years through the re-leasing process. As we anticipated, these larger-than-average spaces did not produce much cash flow in 2020 due to downtime and free rent concessions associated with replacement leases; however, by the end of the year, we had re-leased most of these spaces. In doing so, we captured the largest lease in the Company’s history (in terms of contractual revenue) with the backfill of the 288,000 square foot building in Southern California, resulting in over 36% cash rental rate growth over the outgoing rent, and also achieved 34.8% rental rate growth with 70% backfill of the 460,000 square foot building in Northern California. We expect to re-lease the remaining 30% of the Northern California property in 2021 with similar cash rental rate growth. 1 By the start of the second quarter, the COVID-19 pandemic was upon us, which introduced additional pressures to our portfolio as many of our customers’ businesses were significantly disrupted and leasing demand decreased precipitously. In immediate response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we introduced a rent relief program designed to provide time for our hardest hit customers to absorb the immediate shock of the pandemic and adapt their business models. Through this program, we issued $1.3 million of rent abatement and $5.7 million of rent deferral, more than half of which was paid back by the end of the year. Despite the confluence of pressures on our portfolio in 2020, operating fundamentals remained strong throughout the year. Lower year-over-year weighted average occupancy led to a decrease in Same Park Cash NOI, but the occupied portion of our portfolio performed well as illustrated by the revenue per occupied square foot statistics below. Same Park Portfolio Square Feet Weighted average occupancy Cash Rental Income per Occupied Square Foot Cash Rental Income per Available Square Foot 2020 2019 25,656,000 92.4% $16.03 $14.81 25,656,000 94.5% $15.65 $14.79 We ended the year with 92.9% in-place occupancy (total portfolio and Same Park portfolio) and achieved 5.8% cash rental rate growth on 7.5 million square feet of lease production. Our portfolio is well positioned for strong performance in 2021 and beyond as we look to recapture occupancy and push rental rates on new leases and renewals. Leadership We are fortunate to have a stable and seasoned management team with an average tenure of approximately 15 years. Our team is adept at creating value and withstanding adversity. We have a culture founded on integrity, accountability, and trust–one that recognizes individual performance while emphasizing collaborative teamwork. Leveraging this culture of trust, and through strong leadership in each of our regions, we were able to quickly mobilize into a remote work arrangement with very little efficiency loss throughout the year. Our team of market leaders are cycle-tested, and their belief in each other and confidence in our business model again guided us to solid results in 2020. Customers PS Business Parks is proud to serve small- and medium-sized businesses–the backbone of the U.S. economy–as its core customer base. Although we enjoy several lease agreements with top-tier Fortune 100® customers, and the U.S. Government remains our largest single tenant, our diverse base of small- and medium-sized customers forms the nucleus of tenancy at many of our parks. With our top ten customers accounting for only 11.4% of total revenues and a wide mix of industries with no single industry accounting for more than 20% of total revenues, the diversity of our customer base provides stability through economic cycles. 2 Education 1.0% Aerospace/defense 1.8% Communications 1.8% Home furnishings 2.6% Insurance and financial services 2.6% Electronics 3.1% Government 6.6% Health services 7.6% Construction and engineering 8.3% Business services 19.8% Logistics 12.9% Technology 11.1% Retail, food, and automotive 8.9% Other 11.9% For many years, and through multiple business cycles, we have touted the resiliency of small- and medium-sized businesses, and 2020 was a testament to their strength and adaptability. Faced with an exogenous shock few had ever even contemplated, most of our customers have pivoted and survived (and some even thrived!) in the pandemic environment. We partnered with certain customers by establishing a rent relief program designed to create a bridge for our hardest-hit customers to survive liquidity constraints. We are proud to report that our program was a success–as of the date of this letter, our tenants had paid over 99% of rent deferral amounts scheduled to be repaid by December 31, 2020, and many of the customers who received rent relief have returned their businesses to solvency. For those customers who are still struggling, we will continue to partner with them as appropriate. Heading into 2021, we saw a meaningful pickup in activity from existing customers and prospective customers looking to grow their businesses and expand their operations, evidenced by nearly 100,000 square feet of expansions from 34 customers in the fourth quarter of 2020 and approximately 500,000 square feet of expansions from 141 customers in 2020 overall. I am heartened to see that the entrepreneurial spirit is alive and well in America. Portfolio Each of our core, gateway markets proved to be resilient in 2020; and in the case of our industrial portfolio (which makes up more than 65% of our total leasable square feet), market rents have continued to rise in nearly all markets. Our focus over the years on owning our in-fill, multi-tenant industrial portfolio in dense metropolitan areas once again proved crucial as we were able to tap into an active user base that requires locations close to their own customer base. Beyond industrial, our remaining office and flex portfolios persevered in their own right; and our teams impressed me by proving that even in a pandemic, they are capable of leasing well appointed, well located low-rise office and flex space. 3 2020 Leasing Volume (Square Feet) Cash Rental Rate Change Industrial Flex Office 5,111,000 1,755,000 602,000 9.6% 1.1% (1.5%) We have built a portfolio and an operating strategy that allows for efficient use of capital expenditures–both transaction and maintenance capital. Our typical suites are designed to be attractive to a wide array of potential users; and we tend to avoid over-customization and buildout for any one user, allowing for efficient re-leasing when our spaces turn. Further, we perform nearly all leasing in-house, which not only helps control transaction costs in the form of lower (or often times no) broker commissions, but also helps us better control the customer mix and use types at our parks, leading to efficient maintenance capital requirements. Same Park Recurring Capital as a Percentage of NOI 14.3% 11.6% 12.7% 12.3% 11.5% 16.0% 14.0% 12.0% 10.0% 8.0% 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 In prior communications, we have signaled our intent to grow our industrial portfolio while reducing our exposure to office. That remains our strategy; and most of the office-oriented parks we still own serve as near- or mid-term redevelopment opportunities that we are pursuing, although we may look to opportunistic dispositions of certain assets in the near future based on market conditions. We prefer industrial over office due to the long-term growth profile of industrial rents coupled with the low recurring capital required by industrial parks vis-à-vis office. 4 Industrial Flex Office Total Transaction Cost per Square Foot 2020 $2.39 $3.39 $6.73 $2.97 2019 $2.27 $5.44 $8.79 $3.73 2018 $ 1.55 $ 3.54 $10.15 $ 3.68 Regarding redevelopment of certain office parks, in some cases we may seek to redevelop these properties ourselves–as is the case with The Mile in Tysons, Virginia, where we recently commenced our second phase of multifamily development. In other cases, we may opt to create value through the re-entitlement process and then sell to others for development, allowing us to redeploy sale proceeds into growing our industrial portfolio or other initiatives. Financial Condition Few public Real Estate Investment Trusts, or public companies of any kind, can tout a balance sheet more resilient than ours. We have long preferred permanent sources of capital to match the perpetual nature of our assets, and as a result we enter 2021 with ample liquidity and a pristine balance sheet ready to be put to work for accretive growth. Although we had no debt outstanding at December 31, 2020, we will potentially use modest levels of long-term senior unsecured debt to finance future growth, in addition to common and preferred equity financing which we have historically relied upon. We will continue to adhere to sound balance sheet management principles and maintain the strong credit profile that has provided stability over time and allowed us to opportunistically invest capital through full economic cycles. 6.0x 5.5x 5.0x 4.5x 4.0x 3.5x 3.0x 2.5x 2.0x Fixed Charge Coverage Ra(cid:2)o Debt + Preferred/EBITDA Ra(cid:2)o 4.4x 3.9x 4.9x 4.1x 5.3x 5.3x 3.5x 3.3x 5.7x 3.4x 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 5 Growth While the pandemic presented many challenges, I am pleased that we were able to be opportunistic with a few key growth opportunities in 2020. First, we commenced and completed an 83,000 square foot multi-tenant industrial development in Dallas, Texas–on time and budget. Additionally, we commenced construction of Brentford at The Mile, a planned 411-unit, $110 to $115 million multifamily development in Tysons, Virginia, which is scheduled for delivery in mid-2022. Lastly, we utilized accumulated retained cash from operations to acquire La Mirada Commerce Center, a 73,000 square foot industrial park in La Mirada, California, for a total acquisition price of $13.5 million and Pickett Industrial Park, a 246,000 square foot industrial park in Alexandria, Virginia, for a total acquisition price of $46.6 million. As we enter 2021, we look to take advantage of an increase in acquisition opportunities as we seek to grow our portfolio accretively. 2021 Outlook As we look ahead, we are well-positioned to continue delivering strong results. We are encouraged by the opportunity to grow occupancy, push rental rates, and meet our customers’ growing business needs in 2021. We will capitalize on a macro economic climate that seems to be improving, strong industrial fundamentals, a resilient and battle-tested leadership team, and a customer base that has endured the most difficult of circumstances. We remain committed to our business model and operating strategy; and along with our fortress balance sheet, PS Business Parks is poised to create value for you, our shareholders, and continue along our long journey of success. Thank you for your continued trust in our business and your investment in PS Business Parks. John W. Petersen Interim President and Chief Executive Officer February 28, 2021 6 Supplemental Non-GAAP Disclosures (unaudited) Same Park Cash Rental Income and Same Park Cash Net Operating Income (NOI) The table below reconciles from Same Park Cash Rental Income to rental income and Same Park Cash NOI to net income on the consolidated statements of income (in thousands). For The Years Ended December 31, 2019 2020 Rental income Same Park Cash Rental Income (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Same Park Non-Cash Rental Income (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-Same Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multifamily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Assets sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 379,495 $379,947 3,417 22,109 9,464 686 2,455 14,276 10,075 23,545 Total rental income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429,846 415,623 Cost of operations Adjusted cost of operations (3) Same Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-Same Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multifamily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Assets sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock compensation expense (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,559 4,899 4,137 8,614 1,134 112,569 7,327 4,264 143 1,210 Total cost of operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128,343 125,513 Net operating income (5) Same Park Cash NOI (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Same Park Non-Cash Rental Income (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-Same Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multifamily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Assets sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock compensation expense (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Depreciation and amortization expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General and administrative expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest and other income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest and other expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gain on sale of real estate facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269,936 2,455 9,377 5,938 14,931 (1,134) (104,249) (13,761) 4,492 (657) 16,644 267,378 3,417 14,782 5,200 543 (1,210) (96,314) (14,526) 1,234 (1,072) 27,273 Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 203,972 $206,705 (1) (2) Same Park Cash Rental Income represents Same Park rental income excluding Same Park Non-Cash Rental Income (defined below). Same Park Non-Cash Rental Income represents amortization of deferred rent receivable, amortization of above and below market rents, net, and amortization of lease incentives and tenant improvement reimbursements. (4) (5) (3) Adjusted Cost of Operations, as presented above, excludes stock compensation expense for employees whose compensation expense is recorded in cost of operations, which can vary significantly period to period based upon the performance of the Company. Stock compensation expense, as shown here, represents stock compensation expense for employees whose compensation expense is recorded in cost of operations. Note that stock compensation expense attributable to the executive management team (including divisional vice presidents) and other corporate employees is recorded within general and administrative expense. The Company utilizes NOI, a non-GAAP financial measure, to evaluate the operating performance of its business parks. The Company defines NOI as rental income less Adjusted Cost of Operations. The Company believes NOI assists investors in analyzing the performance of its real estate by excluding (i) corporate overhead (i.e., general and administrative expense) because it does not relate to the direct operating performance of the real estate, (ii) depreciation and amortization expense because it does not accurately reflect changes in the fair value of the real estate, and (iii) stock compensation expense because this expense item can vary significantly from period to period and thus impact comparability across periods. The Company utilizes Cash NOI to evaluate the cash flow performance of its business parks, and believes investors utilize this metric for the same purpose. The Company defines Same Park Cash NOI as Same Park Cash Rental Income less Same Park Adjusted Cost of Operations. (6) Supplemental Non-GAAP Disclosures (unaudited) (continued) Ratio of Debt and Preferred Equity to Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization (EBITDA) The table below reflects the ratio of debt and preferred equity to EBITDA and reconciles net income to EBITDA (in thousands). 2016 For The Years Ended December 31, 2018 2019 2017 Mortgage note payable Preferred stock $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,109,750 1,089,750 959,750 944,750 2020 — 944,750 Combined mortgage note payable and preferred stock $ 1,109,750 $ 1,089,750 $ 959,750 $ 944,750 $ 944,750 Net Income Adjustments Depreciation and amortization Depreciation from unconsolidated joint venture Interest expense Interest income Gain on sale of land and real estate facilities Gain on sale of development rights EBITDA (1) Ratio of debt and preferred equity to EBITDA $ 144,984 $ 179,316 $ 271,901 $ 203,972 $ 206,705 99,486 94,270 99,242 104,249 96,314 — 5,568 (463) — — 1,180 1,179 (356) — 555 (489) — 611 (1,885) — 548 (370) (1,209) (93,484) (16,644) (27,273) (6,365) — — — $ 249,575 $ 268,015 $ 277,725 $ 290,303 $ 275,924 4.4 4.1 3.5 3.3 3.4 (1) EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure that represents net income before interest, depreciation and amortization and adjusted to exclude gains or losses from sales of depreciable real estate assets and impairment charges on real estate assets. Management believes that EBITDA is frequently used by analysts and investors in evaluating the operating performance of our business activities, including the impact of general and administrative expenses, and without the impact from gains or losses from sales of depreciable real estate assets. Supplemental Non-GAAP Disclosures (unaudited) (continued) Ratio of Funds from Operations (FFO) to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Distributions The table below reconciles from net income to FFO and reflects the ratio of FFO to combined fixed charges and preferred distributions (in thousands). Net income allocable to common shareholders Adjustments Gain on sale of land, real estate facilities and development rights Depreciation and amortization expense Depreciation from unconsolidated joint venture Net income allocated to noncontrolling interests Net income allocated to restricted stock unit holders FFO allocated to joint venture partner FFO allocable to diluted common shares and units (1) Interest expense Allocation to preferred shareholders based upon Distributions Redemptions For The Years Ended December 31, 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 $ 62,872 $ 90,425 $ 172,899 $ 108,703 $124,645 — 99,486 (7,574) 94,270 (93,484) 99,242 (16,644) 104,249 (27,273) 96,314 — 1,180 — — — 16,955 24,279 45,199 29,006 33,158 569 — 761 — 1,923 (13) 910 (149) 716 (118) 179,882 5,568 203,341 1,179 225,766 555 226,075 611 227,442 548 57,276 7,312 52,873 10,978 51,880 — 54,346 11,007 48,186 — FFO available to cover fixed charges $ 250,038 $ 268,371 $ 278,201 $ 292,039 $276,176 Fixed charges (2) Distributions to preferred shareholders Combined fixed charges and preferred 6,452 57,276 1,685 52,873 555 51,880 611 54,346 548 48,186 distributions $ 63,728 $ 54,558 $ 52,435 $ 54,957 $ 48,734 Ratio of available FFO to combined fixed charges and preferred distributions paid 3.9 4.9 5.3 5.3 5.7 (1) FFO is a non-GAAP financial measure that assists investors in analyzing and comparing the operating and financial performance of a company’s real estate between periods. Refer to Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations under Funds from Operations, Core Funds from Operations, and Funds Available for Distribution included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the definition and reconciliation of FFO. (2) Fixed charges include interest expense and capitalized interest. UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020. or TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission File Number 1-10709 PS BUSINESS PARKS, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) California (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 95-4300881 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 701 Western Avenue, Glendale, California 91201-2349 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) 818-244-8080 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of Each Class Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 5.200% Cum Pref Stock, Series W, $0.01 par value Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 5.250% Cum Pref Stock, Series X, $0.01 par value Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 5.200% Cum Pref Stock, Series Y, $0.01 par value Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 4.875% Cum Pref Stock, Series Z, $0.01 par value Ticker Symbol PSB Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered New York Stock Exchange PSBPrW PSBPrX PSBPrY PSBPrZ New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None (Title of class) Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes  No  Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes  No  Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  No  Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes  No  Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer  Accelerated filer  Non-accelerated filer  Smaller reporting company  Emerging growth company  If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.  Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  No  As of June 30, 2020, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $2,651,598,115 based on the closing price as reported on that date. Number of shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding as of February 19, 2021 (the latest practicable date): 27,488,684. Portions of the definitive proxy statement to be filed in connection with the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held in 2021 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE PART I ITEM 1. BUSINESS Forward-Looking Statements Forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, are made throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K. For this purpose, any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Without limiting the foregoing, the words “may,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “expects,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “intends” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. There are a number of important factors that could cause the results of the Company to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements, including but not limited to: (i) the duration and severity of the coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic and its impact on our business and our customers; (ii) changes in general economic and business conditions, including as a result of the economic fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic; (iii) potential regulatory actions to close our facilities or limit our ability to evict delinquent customers; (iv) decreases in rental rates or increases in vacancy rates/failure to renew or replace expiring leases; (v) tenant defaults; (vi) the effect of the recent credit and financial market conditions; (vii) our failure to maintain our status as a real estate investment trust (a “REIT”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”); (viii) the economic health of our customers; (ix) increases in operating costs; (x) casualties to our properties not covered by insurance; (xi) the availability and cost of capital; (xii) increases in interest rates and its effect on our stock price; (xiii) security breaches or a failure of our networks, systems or technology could adversely impact our business, customer and employee relationships; and (xiv) other factors discussed under the heading Item 1A, “Risk Factors.” In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included herein, the inclusion of such information should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that our objectives and plans will be achieved. Moreover, we assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions or changes in other factors affecting such forward-looking statements, except as required by law. The Company PS Business Parks, Inc. (“PSB”) is a fully-integrated, self-advised and self-managed REIT that owns, operates, acquires and develops commercial properties, primarily multi-tenant industrial, flex and office space. As of December 31, 2020, PSB owned and operated 27.7 million rentable square feet of commercial space, comprising 98 business parks and 675 buildings located in California, Texas, Virginia, Florida, Maryland, and Washington. PSB focuses on owning concentrated business parks, which provides us with the greatest flexibility to meet the needs of our customers. PSB also held a controlling interest in the following joint venture arrangements, both located in Tysons, Virginia: a 95.0% interest in Highgate at the Mile, a 395-unit multifamily apartment complex, and a 98.2% interest in Brentford at the Mile, a 411-unit multifamily apartment complex development. PSB manages 0.4 million rentable square feet on behalf of Public Storage (“PS”). Substantially all of PSB’s assets are held, and its business is conducted, through PS Business Parks, L.P. (the “OP”), a California limited partnership. As of December 31, 2020, PSB owned 79.0% of the common partnership units of PS Business Parks, L.P. (the “OP”). The remaining common partnership units are owned by PS. PSB, as the sole general partner of the OP, has full, exclusive and complete responsibility and discretion in managing and controlling the OP. PS also owns 7.2 million common shares and would own 41.6% (or 14.5 million shares) of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock if it redeemed its common partnership units for common shares. Unless otherwise indicated or unless the context requires otherwise, all references to “the Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” and similar references mean PS Business Parks, Inc. and its subsidiaries, including the OP and our consolidated joint ventures. History of the Company: The Company was formed in 1990 as a California corporation. Through a series of transactions between January 1997 and March 1998, the Company was renamed “PS Business Parks, Inc.” and became a publicly held, fully integrated, self-advised and self-managed REIT having interests in commercial real estate held through our OP. Principal Business Activities We are a commercial property landlord, with 98 business parks consisting of multi-tenant industrial, flex and office space. The Company owns 18.4 million square feet of industrial space that is primarily configured as warehouse space with ample dock access. We own 6.2 million square feet of flex space, representing industrial buildings that are 2 configured with a combination of warehouse and office space that can be designed to fit a wide variety of use types. The warehouse component of the flex space has a number of uses including light manufacturing and assembly, storage and warehousing, showroom, laboratory, distribution and research and development activities. The office component of flex space is complementary to the warehouse component by enabling businesses to accommodate management and production staff in the same facility. In addition, the Company owns 3.1 million square feet of low-rise office space, generally either in business parks that combine office buildings with industrial and/or flex buildings or in submarkets where the market demand is more office focused. We generally seek to own and operate multi-tenant buildings in multi-building business parks which accommodate various businesses and uses. Our business parks average 14 buildings and 0.8 million rentable square feet per park, located on parcels of various sizes, ranging from 1 to 49 buildings and 12,000 to 3.5 million square feet of rentable space. Parking at most of our parks is open but in some instances is covered. The ratio of parking spaces to rentable square feet generally ranges from two to six per thousand square feet depending upon the use of the property and its location. Office space generally requires a greater parking ratio than most industrial uses. The customer base for our facilities is diverse. For certain operational performance metrics, we bifurcate our facilities into those with average unit sizes over 5,000 square feet and those with average unit sizes under 5,000 square feet given that the nature of the customer base and use types differ between the two, which can result in varying performance. Approximately 35.9% of in-place rents as of December 31, 2020 were derived from customers at properties with average unit sizes under 5,000 square feet. The remaining 64.1% of in-place rents came from customers at properties with average unit sizes over 5,000 square feet. The Company also has several customers that lease space in multiple buildings and locations. As of December 31, 2020, the U.S. Government is the largest customer with 21 separate leases encompassing approximately 657,000 square feet and 3.8% of the Company’s annualized rental income. We operate in six states and we may expand our operations to other states or reduce the number of states in which we operate. Properties are acquired for both income and capital appreciation potential, and we place no limitation on the amount that can be invested in any specific property. The Company owns approximately 14.0 acres and 6.4 acres of land in Dallas and Northern Virginia, respectively, which are reflected on our consolidated balance sheets as land and building held for development. The Company will seek to develop these parcels and possibly seek redevelopment of other assets in the future. During 2020, we developed an 83,000 square foot shallow-bay industrial building at our Freeport Business Park in Irving, Texas, on 4.0 of the 14.0 acres located in the Dallas submarket. As of December 31, 2020, $7.8 million of the estimated $8.1 million total development costs had been incurred and was reflected under land and building held for development, net on our consolidated balance sheets. The remaining $0.3 million of development cost was incurred subsequent to December 31, 2020 and construction was completed in January 2021. See “Objectives and Strategies” below for further information. Our principal executive offices are located at 701 Western Avenue, Glendale, California 91201-2349, and our telephone number is (818) 244-8080. We maintain a website with the address www.psbusinessparks.com. The information contained on our website is not a part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We make available free of charge through our website our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to these reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file or furnish such material to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Recent Company Developments Acquisition of Real Estate Facilities: On October 28, 2020, we acquired a multi-tenant industrial park comprising approximately 246,000 rentable square feet in Alexandria, Virginia, for a total purchase price of $46.6 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. The park consists of three buildings and was 100.0% occupied at acquisition with suites ranging from 7,000 to 75,000 square feet. On January 10, 2020, we acquired a multi-tenant industrial park comprising approximately 73,000 rentable square feet in La Mirada, California, for a total purchase price of $13.5 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. The park consists of five buildings and was 100.0% occupied at acquisition with suites ranging from 1,200 to 3,000 square feet. 3 Development of Multifamily Real Estate: In 2019, we successfully rezoned our 44.5 acre office and multifamily park, known as The Mile, located in Tysons, Virginia. The rezoning will allow us to develop, at our election, up to 3,000 additional multifamily units and approximately 500,000 square feet of other commercial uses. We leveraged the expertise of a well-regarded local developer and operator of multifamily real estate to develop our first multifamily development at The Mile, a 395-unit multifamily property known as Highgate at The Mile, which completed in 2017. In August 2020, the Company entered into a new joint venture agreement with the same well-regarded local developer for the purpose of developing our second multifamily property, Brentford at The Mile, a planned 411-unit multifamily apartment complex. Construction of Brentford at The Mile commenced in August 2020 and is anticipated to be completed over a period of 24 to 36 months at an estimated development cost of $110 million to $115 million, excluding land cost. There could be several phases of the development at The Mile beyond that, but the scope, timing and construction of all future phases of development of The Mile are subject to a variety of uncertainties, including site plan approvals and building permits. See “Objectives and Strategies” below for further information regarding our development and redevelopment activities. Sales of Real Estate Facilities: On September 16, 2020, the Company sold two industrial buildings totaling 40,000 square feet located in Redmond, Washington, which were subject to an eminent domain process for net proceeds of $11.4 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $7.7 million. On January 7, 2020, the Company completed the sale of a single-tenant building totaling 113,000 square feet in Montgomery County, Maryland, for net sale proceeds of $29.3 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $19.6 million. Tax and Corporate Structure For all periods presented herein, we have elected REIT status under the Code. For each taxable year in which we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on our “REIT taxable income” (generally, taxable income subject to specified adjustments, including a deduction for dividends paid and excluding our net capital gain) that is distributed to our shareholders. We believe we have met these requirements in all periods presented herein, and we expect to continue to qualify as a REIT. PSB is structured as an umbrella partnership REIT (“UPREIT”), with substantially all of our activities conducted through the OP. We acquired interests in certain properties from PS during PSB’s initial formation in exchange for operating partnership units, which allowed PS to defer the recognition of a tax gain on the contributed properties. We are the sole general partner of the OP, which has equity in the form of common partnership units and preferred partnership units. As of December 31, 2020, we owned 79.0% of the common partnership units of the OP and 100% of the preferred partnership units. The remainder of the common partnership units are owned by PS. The common units owned by PS may be redeemed, subject to certain limitations, for shares of our common stock on a one-for-one basis or, at our option, an equivalent value in cash. The Company’s interest in the OP entitles it to share in cash distributions from, and the profits and losses of, the OP in proportion to the Company’s economic interest in the OP (apart from tax allocations of profits and losses to take into account pre-contribution property appreciation or depreciation). The Company, since 1998, has paid per share dividends on its common and preferred stock that track, on a one-for-one basis, the amount of per unit cash distributions the Company receives from the OP in respect of the common and preferred partnership units in the OP that are owned by the Company. As the general partner of the OP, the Company has the exclusive responsibility under the Operating Partnership Agreement to manage and conduct the business of the OP. Common Officers and Directors with PS Ronald L. Havner, Jr., Chairman of the Company, is also the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of PS. Joseph D. Russell, Jr. is a director of the Company and also President and Chief Executive Officer of PS. Kristy M. Pipes, an independent director of the Company, is also a trustee of PS and Gary E. Pruitt, an independent director of the Company, was also a trustee of PS until he retired from the Board of Trustees of PS in January 2021. Other employees of PS render services to the Company pursuant to a cost sharing and administrative services agreement. 4 Services Provided to and by PS We manage industrial, office, and retail facilities in the United States for PS under either the “Public Storage” or “PS Business Parks” names (the “PS Management Agreement”). Under PS’s supervision, we coordinate and assist in rental and marketing activities, property maintenance and other operational activities, including the selection of vendors, suppliers, employees and independent contractors. Management fee revenue derived from the PS Management Agreement totaled $0.3 million, $0.3 million, and $0.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. These amounts are included in “interest and other income” on our consolidated statements of income. PS also provides property management services for the self-storage component of two assets owned by the Company. Management fee expenses under the contract were $0.1 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018. These amounts are included under “cost of operations” on our consolidated statements of income. Pursuant to a cost sharing agreement, we share certain administrative services, corporate office space, and certain other third party costs with PS which are allocated based upon fair and reasonable estimates of the cost of the services expected to be provided. We reimbursed PS $1.2 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 for costs paid on our behalf, while PS reimbursed us less than $0.1 million for costs we incurred on their behalf for each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018. Management John W. Petersen, Interim President and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), and Chief Operating Officer of the Company, leads the Company’s senior management team. The Company’s senior management includes: Jeffrey D. Hedges, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer; Trenton A. Groves, Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer; Coby A. Holley, Vice President, Investments; Christopher M. Auth, Divisional Vice President (Washington Metro Division); Stuart H. Hutchison, Divisional Vice President (Southern California and Pacific Northwest Divisions); Richard E. Scott, Divisional Vice President (Northern California Division); David A. Vicars, Divisional Vice President (Texas Division); Rich Guertin, Divisional Vice President (Florida Division); and Eugene Uhlman, Vice President, Construction Management. Competition Our properties compete for tenants with similar properties located in our markets primarily on the basis of location, rental rate, services provided and the design and condition of improvements. Competition in the market areas we operate in is significant and has from time to time negatively impacted occupancy levels and rental rates of, and increased the operating expenses of, certain of our properties. The demand for space in our markets is impacted by general economic conditions, which can affect the local competition for tenants. Sublease space and unleased developments have from time to time created competition among operators in certain markets in which the Company operates. Refer to “Management Discussion and Analysis—Analysis of Net Income” for a discussion of trends in our occupancy levels, rental rates and operating expenses. Objectives and Strategies Our primary objective is to grow shareholder value in a risk appropriate and stable manner by maximizing net cash flow generated by our existing properties, as well as prudently seeking opportunities for growth through acquisitions and development with attractive risk-adjusted returns on invested capital. We seek to maximize net cash flow of our existing properties by optimizing occupancy levels and rental rates, while minimizing capital expenditures and leasehold improvements. Below are the primary elements of our strategy: Concentration in favorable markets: We believe that our properties generally are located in markets that have favorable characteristics such as above average population, job, and income growth, as well as high education levels. In addition, we believe our business parks are generally in markets with higher than average barriers to entry that are close to critical infrastructure, middle to high income housing or universities and have easy access to major transportation arteries. We believe that these characteristics contribute to property operating cash flow stability and growth. 5 Standard build outs and finishes: We generally seek to configure our rentable space with standard buildouts and finishes that meet the needs of a wide variety of tenants, minimizing the need for specialized and costly tenant improvements and enabling space to be “move-in ready” quickly upon vacancy. We believe this makes our space more attractive to potential tenants, allows tenants to move in quickly and seamlessly, and reduces the cost of capital improvements, relative to real estate operators that offer specialized finishes or build outs. Also, such flexibility facilitates our ability to offer diverse sizes and configurations to meet potential customer’s needs, as well as to change space sizes for existing customers when their needs change. Large, Diverse Parks: Our business parks are generally concentrated in large complexes of diverse buildings, with a variety of available space sizes and configurations that we can offer to tenants. We believe that this allows us to attract a greater number of potential tenants to our parks and minimizes the loss of existing customers when their space requirements change. Smaller tenants and diverse tenant base with shorter-term leases: By concentrating on smaller spaces, we seek to reach a large number of smaller tenants in the market. We believe this focus gives us a competitive edge as most institutional owners focus primarily on large users. Small users perceive more incremental value from the level of customer service that we offer. We also believe having smaller tenants improves our diversity of tenants across industries, which improves the stability of our cash flows. In addition, our lease term tends to be short, generally an average of three and a half years, which we believe allows us to more quickly capture increases in market rents in our high-growth markets. At December 31, 2020, our average suite size was approximately 5,000 rentable square feet and we had only four customers – the U.S. Government, Amazon Inc., KZ Kitchen Cabinet & Stone, and Luminex Corporation – representing more than 1% of our annualized rental income. Decentralized operating strategy: Our local management teams are empowered, within a prescribed decision and metrics framework, to make many leasing and capital decisions in a manner which we believe maximizes the return on investment on lease transactions. We believe this decentralized approach allows us to be more nimble and efficient in our decision making, and more effectively price and market our space, relative to a more centralized approach. Superior Service to Customers: We seek to provide a superior level of service to our customers in order to maintain occupancy and increase rental rates, as well as minimize customer turnover. The Company’s property management offices are located on-site, helping the Company maintain its properties and providing customers with convenient access to management, while conveying a sense of quality, order and security. We believe that our personnel are among the most experienced and effective real estate professionals in our markets. The Company has significant experience in acquiring properties managed by others and thereafter improving customer satisfaction, occupancy levels, retention rates and rental income by implementing established customer service programs. In addition, we seek to expand through acquisitions or development activities that generate attractive returns on invested capital, as follows: Acquire facilities in targeted markets at prudent price levels: We have a disciplined capital allocation approach, seeking to purchase properties at prices that are not in excess of the cost to develop similar facilities (i.e. replacement cost), which we believe reduces our risk and maximizes long term returns. We seek generally to acquire in our existing markets, which we believe have favorable growth characteristics. We also believe acquiring in our existing markets leverages our operating efficiencies. We would consider expanding to additional markets with similar favorable characteristics of our existing markets, if we could acquire sufficient scale. Redevelop existing real estate facilities: Certain of our existing business parks were developed in or near areas that have been undergoing gentrification with an influx of residential development, and, as a result, certain buildings in our business parks may have higher and better uses. We will seek to identify potential candidates for redevelopment within our portfolio, and where appropriate will leverage the expertise and scale of existing operators and developers should we pursue redevelopment of any of our properties. For example, at The Mile in Tysons, Virginia, we demolished an existing building and developed Highgate at The Mile, a 395-unit apartment building, with a joint venture partner. In 2019, we successfully rezoned the remainder of The Mile, allowing us to pursue the development of additional multifamily and mixed use projects. In 2020, we demolished a vacant office building and began developing our second multifamily property, Brentford at The Mile, a planned 411-unit multifamily apartment complex with the same joint venture partner. There can be no assurance as to the level of additional redevelopment opportunities throughout our portfolio in the future. 6 Financing Strategy Overview of financing strategy and sources of capital: As a REIT, we generally distribute all of our “REIT taxable income” to our shareholders each year, which relative to a taxable C corporation, limits the amount of cash flow from operations that we can retain for investment purposes. As a result, in order to expand our asset base, access to capital is important. Our financial profile is characterized by strong credit metrics, including low leverage relative to our total capitalization and operating cash flows. Our credit profile and ratings enable us to effectively access both the public and private capital markets to raise capital. We will seek to maintain our current credit profile and ratings. Sources of capital available to us include retained cash flow, the issuance of preferred and common equity, the issuance of medium and long-term debt, joint venture financing, the sale of existing properties, and borrowing off our revolving line of credit. Historically, we have financed our cash investment activities primarily with retained operating cash flow and the issuance of preferred equity. We select from the sources of capital available to us based upon relative cost, availability, desired leverage levels, nature of the investment opportunities for which the capital will be used, as well as other factors such as the impact of covenants in the case of debt. Retained Operating Cash Flow: Although we are required to distribute to our shareholders at least 90% of our “REIT taxable income” each year, we have nonetheless been able to retain operating cash flow to the extent that our tax depreciation exceeds our capital expenditures. In recent years, we have retained between $40 to $60 million in operating cash flow per year. Preferred Equity: We view preferred equity as an important source of capital over the long term. We have historically favored preferred equity as a source of capital due to the low interest rate and refinancing risk as the dividend rate is fixed for life and it never matures. In addition, the consequences of defaulting on required preferred distributions are less severe than with debt. However, rates and market conditions for the issuance of preferred securities can be volatile or inefficient from time to time. As of December 31, 2020, we have $944.8 million in preferred securities outstanding with an average coupon rate of 5.10%. Medium or long-term debt: In addition to borrowing from our revolving line of credit, we may seek to issue term debt in the future in an effort to diversify our sources of capital. We may consider issuance in the public bond market or private placement of senior unsecured debt depending on the nature and timing of the associated use of capital. Common equity: We believe that the market for our common equity is liquid and, as a result, common equity is a viable potential source of capital. Tax advantaged equity: As noted above, we have the ability to offer common or preferred operating partnership units with economic characteristics that are similar to our common and preferred stock, but provide the seller the opportunity to defer the recognition of a tax gain. Credit Facility: We have a $250.0 million unsecured revolving line of credit (the “Credit Facility”), which we use from time to time as temporary financing, along with short-term bank loans when necessary, until we are able to replace it with longer-term capital. As of December 31, 2020, there was no balance outstanding on our Credit Facility and we had no short-term bank loans. Investments in Real Estate Facilities As of December 31, 2020, the Company owned and operated 27.7 million rentable square feet comprising 98 business parks in six states compared to 27.6 million rentable square feet comprising 97 business parks in six states as of December 31, 2019. The Company also held a 95.0% interest in a 395-unit multifamily apartment complex as of both December 31, 2020 and 2019, and a 98.2% interest in a 411-unit multifamily apartment complex development as of December 31, 2020. 7 Restrictions on Transactions with Affiliates The Company’s Restated Bylaws provide that the Company may engage in transactions with affiliates provided that a purchase or sale transaction with an affiliate is (i) approved by a majority of the Company’s independent directors and (ii) fair to the Company based on an independent appraisal or fairness opinion. Insurance The Company believes that its properties are adequately insured. Facilities operated by the Company have historically been covered by comprehensive insurance, including fire, earthquake, wind damage and liability coverage from nationally recognized carriers, subject to customary deductibles. Compliance with Government Regulations We are subject to various laws, ordinances and regulations, including various federal, state and local regulations that apply generally to the ownership of real property and the operation of such properties. These include various laws and government regulations concerning environmental matters, labor matters and employee safety and health matters. Further, all of our properties must comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act and with related regulations, which generally requires that buildings be made accessible to persons with disabilities. Various state laws impose similar requirements. In addition, we must operate our properties in compliance with numerous local fire and safety regulations, building codes, zoning requirements and other land use regulations. We are not aware of any government regulations that have resulted or that we expect will result in compliance costs that had or will have a material effect on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position. See “We must comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act, fire and safety regulations and zoning requirements, which can require significant expenditures” in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” for further information regarding our risks related to government regulations. In addition, during the COVID-19 pandemic, our properties and our customers have been subject to public-health regulations that have impacted our operations and our business. See “We are subject to risks from the COVID-19 pandemic and we may in the future be subject to risks from other public health crises.” in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” for further information regarding these regulations. We are also subject to the California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”), which amends and expands the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”). The CPRA, which goes into effect on January 1, 2023, provides new rights and amends existing rights found in the CCPA and also creates a new privacy enforcement authority, the California Privacy Protection Agency (“CalPPA”). The CPRA grants the Attorney General and the CalPPA the authority to issue regulations on a wide range of topics. We are not aware of any current privacy requirements that have resulted or that we expect will result in compliance costs that had or will have a material effect on our business practices that could increase costs or reduce revenues. Other states have also considered or are considering privacy laws similar to those passed in California. Similar laws may be implemented in other jurisdictions that we do business in and in ways that may be more restrictive than those in California. See “We are subject to laws and governmental regulations and actions that affect our operating results and financial condition.” in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” for further information regarding our risks related to this regulation. We are committed to a long-term environmental stewardship program that reduces emissions of hazardous materials into the environment and the remediation of identified existing environmental concerns, including environmentally-friendly capital initiatives and building and operating properties with a high structural resilience and low obsolescence. We accrue environmental assessments and estimated remediation costs when it is probable that such efforts will be required and the related costs can be reasonably estimated. Our current practice is to conduct environmental investigations in connection with property acquisitions. Although there can be no assurance, we are not aware of any environmental contamination of any of our facilities, which individually or in the aggregate would be material to our overall business, financial condition, or results of operations. Compliance with laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, including those regarding the discharge of material into the environment, has not had any material effect upon the capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position of the Company. See “We may incur significant environmental remediation costs” in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” for further information regarding our risks related to government regulations. Human Capital Management The Company’s human capital management objectives are to attract, retain, and develop the highest quality talent. To support these objectives, the Company develops its employees to prepare them for critical roles and leadership positions for the future and fosters a team-oriented culture aimed at making the workplace more engaging and inclusive. The Company works to acquire talent and facilitate internal talent mobility to create a high-performing and diverse workforce that is empowered to make thoughtful decisions, eager to collaborate, and motivated to provide a high level of service to our customers. The Company employed 155 people as of December 31, 2020, comprised 8 primarily of personnel engaged in property operations. Our Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee oversees our sustainability efforts, including our environmental, social, and governance initiatives. Diversity and Inclusion: At PSB, we strive to create a diverse and inclusive environment where all employees feel valued, included, and excited to be part of our team. For example, we strive to include a subset of diverse candidates as we seek to fill open positions. With team members from all different races, backgrounds, and life experiences, we celebrate inclusion and value the diversity each person brings to PSB. Our employee population is approximately 50% female, with 30% in a supervisory role, and approximately 43% have self-identified as Hispanic or Latino, Native American, Pacific Islander, Asian, Black or African American, or of two or more races, with 24% in a supervisory role. Our workforce also has generational diversity: 54% millennials (aged 24-42), 25% generation X (aged 43-54), and 21% baby boomers (aged 55-73). Compensation Policies: PSB believes in aligning employee compensation with our short- and long-term performance goals and to provide compensation and incentives needed to attract, motivate, and retain employees who are crucial to our success. We tailor our compensation programs to each employee group to ensure competitiveness in the market and to drive employee engagement. The Company provides the opportunity for employees to own a part of the Company through equity grants for senior members of our team, with nearly 65% of our exempt employees having received equity grants in the form of restricted stock units or stock option awards. Health and Wellness: PSB is committed to its employees’ overall health and well-being. We want to help them feel happy, healthy, socially connected, and purposeful. Our goal is to provide tools and resources to help empower our employees to explore what they need and to evaluate for themselves what makes sense in achieving a healthy and balanced lifestyle. We partner with our health care provider to promote health and wellness programs to incentivize our employees to maintain an active and healthy lifestyle. We provide benefits to all of our employees and dependents, including medical, dental, vision, flexible and health savings accounts, and income protection plans. We also offer a 401(k) plan with matching employer contributions to help our employees prepare for retirement. Supporting Our Employees During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The COVID-19 pandemic brought varying challenges to each of our team members. We took a multipronged approach in providing resources, tools and added protocols that focused on the safety of employees and their families while still allowing us to support the customers we serve during these unprecedented times. For example, our field operations and business park protocols were quickly modified to ensure a safe workspace. Additionally, we had a swift transition to work-from-home for our entire workforce, where applicable, by utilizing various existing technology platforms and implementing new technologies necessary to accommodate the situation. We provided additional incentive pay for certain personnel. Additionally, we provided an employee assistance program, which offers employees mental health, financial, and legal support to assist them in their well-being during these unique times. Training, Development, and Recognition: We hire and develop outstanding team members to lease and manage all of our properties and deliver market-leading service to our customers. Our decentralized, vertically integrated platform gives us the flexibility to meet the needs of our customers, react quickly to local market dynamics, and contain operating expenses and capital expenditures, and allows us to keep all property management and leasing activity in-house, maximize cost efficiencies, and speed up decision making. We offer training programs for new team members and ongoing training and development programs for our entire workforce. We are able to accomplish this, in part, by utilizing an online platform that provides a central repository for accessing training courses and reference materials. We also reinforce our Company culture by celebrating major accomplishments, stand-out performances, and individual milestones through various recurring recognition programs and events throughout the year, and offer incentive programs designed to recognize and reward outstanding achievements. We work towards development of our employees and creating opportunities for them to advance. For example, where and when possible, we seek to fill open positions with internal candidates. Communication and Engagement: Given our decentralized platform, it is important for us to ensure that team members feel they are informed and included. We communicate through various channels such as recurring meetings, frequent email communications and updates from management, Company intranet postings, and engagement surveys. Employee engagement is instrumental in understanding and evaluating the effectiveness of our strategies. We actively solicit input from our employees on how the Company can better achieve its goals, including through employee surveys that give us feedback and help us measure commitment, motivation and engagement. 9 Community and Social Impact: We encourage employees to give back to our communities by providing two “volunteer” days to all employees annually which can be used by participating in group volunteer events or individually. We also offer a charitable gift matching program, providing a donation match up to the preset limit per employee annually to qualifying 501(c)(3) organizations. ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS In addition to the other information in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, you should consider the risks described below that we believe may be material to investors in evaluating the Company. This section contains forward-looking statements, and in considering these statements, you should refer to the qualifications and limitations on our forward- looking statements that are described in Item 1, “Business.” We have significant exposure to real estate risk. Risks Related to Our Business Since our business consists primarily of acquiring, developing, and operating real estate, we are subject to risks related to the ownership and operation of real estate that can adversely impact our business and financial condition. Certain significant costs, such as mortgage payments, real estate taxes, insurance and maintenance, generally are not reduced even when a property’s rental income is reduced. In addition, environmental and tax laws, interest rate levels, the availability of financing and other factors may affect real estate values and property income. Furthermore, the supply of commercial space fluctuates with market conditions. Since we derive substantially all our income from real estate operations, we are subject to the following general risks of acquiring and owning real estate related assets that could result in reduced revenues, increased expenses, increased capital expenditures, or increased borrowings, which could negatively impact our operating results, cash flow available for distribution or reinvestment and our stock price: • changes in the national, state and local economic climate and real estate conditions, such as oversupply of or reduced demand for commercial real estate space and changes in market rental rates; • how prospective tenants perceive the attractiveness, convenience and safety of our properties; • difficulties in consummating and financing acquisitions and developments on advantageous terms and the failure of acquisitions and developments to perform as expected; • our ability to provide adequate management, maintenance and insurance; • natural disasters, such as earthquakes, fires, hurricanes and floods, which could exceed the aggregate limits of our insurance coverage; the consequences of changes in climate, including severe weather events, and the steps taken to prevent • climate change, could result in increased capital expenditures and expenses • • the expense of periodically renovating, repairing and re-letting spaces; the impact of environmental protection laws; • compliance with federal, state and local laws and regulations; increasing operating and maintenance costs, including property taxes, insurance and utilities, if these • increased costs cannot be passed through to customers; • the result of a future California statewide ballot initiative (or similar legislative or regulatory actions) that could remove the property tax protections of Proposition 13 with respect to our California real estate and result in substantial increases in our California property tax bills; • adverse changes in tax, real estate and zoning laws and regulations; • increasing competition from other commercial properties in our market; 10 • • tenant defaults and bankruptcies; tenants’ right to sublease space; and • concentration of properties leased to non-rated private companies with uncertain financial strength. There is significant competition among commercial property operators: Other commercial properties compete with our properties for tenants. Some of the competing properties may be newer and better located than our properties. Competition in the market areas in which many of our properties are located is significant and has affected our occupancy levels, rental rates and operating expenses. We also expect that new properties will be built in our markets. In addition, we compete with other buyers, some of which are larger than us, for attractive commercial properties. Therefore, we may not be able to grow as rapidly as we would like. We may encounter significant delays and expense in re-letting vacant space, or we may not be able to re-let space at existing rates, in each case resulting in losses of income: When leases expire, we may incur expenses in retrofitting space and we may not be able to re-lease the space on the same terms. Certain leases provide customers with the right to terminate early if they pay a fee. As of December 31, 2020, 2,133 leases, representing 5.7 million, or 22.1%, of the leased square footage of our total portfolio, or 21.8% of annualized rental income, are scheduled to expire in 2021. While we have estimated our cost of renewing leases that expire in 2021, our estimates could be wrong. If we are unable to re-lease space promptly, if the terms are significantly less favorable than anticipated or if the costs are higher, our operating results, cash available for distribution or reinvestment and stock price could be negatively impacted. Tenant defaults and bankruptcies may reduce our cash flow and distributions: We may have difficulty collecting from customers in default, particularly if they declare bankruptcy. Since many of our customers are non-rated private companies, this risk may be enhanced. There is inherent uncertainty in a customer’s ability to continue paying rent if they are in bankruptcy. This could negatively affect our operating results, cash available for distribution or reinvestment and stock price. Natural disasters or terrorist attacks could cause damage to our facilities that is not covered by insurance, and could increase costs, reduce revenues, and otherwise impair our operating results: While we maintain insurance coverage for the losses caused by earthquakes, fire or hurricanes, we could suffer uninsured losses or losses in excess of our insurance policy limits for such occurrences. Approximately 40.7% of our properties are located in California and are generally in areas that are subject to risks of earthquake-related damage. In the event of an earthquake, fire, hurricane or other natural disaster, we would remain liable on any mortgage debt or other unsatisfied obligations related to that property. In addition, we may not have sufficient insurance coverage for losses caused by a terrorist attack, or such insurance may not be available or cost-effective. Significant natural disasters, terrorist attacks, threats of future terrorist attacks, or resulting wider armed conflict could have negative impacts on the U.S. economy, reducing demand for our rental space and impairing our operating results, even if our specific losses were covered. This could negatively affect our operating results, cash available for distribution or reinvestment and stock price. Consequences of climate change, including severe weather events, and the steps taken to prevent climate change, could result in increased capital expenditures, increased expenses, and reduced revenues: Direct and indirect impacts of climate change, such as increased destructive weather events, fires, reduced lifespans and population reduction, reduced natural habitats, water, food, arable land, and other resources, as well as resulting armed conflicts, could increase our costs. Governmental, political, and societal pressure could (i) require costly changes to future newly developed facilities, or require retrofitting of our existing facilities, to reduce carbon emissions through multiple avenues including changes to insulation, space configuration, lighting, heating, and air conditioning, and (ii) increase energy costs as a result of switching to less carbon-intensive, but more expensive, sources of energy to operate our facilities. The illiquidity of our real estate investments may prevent us from adjusting our portfolio to respond to market changes: There may be delays and difficulties in selling real estate. Therefore, we cannot easily change our portfolio when economic conditions change. In addition, when we sell properties at significant gains upon sale, it can increase our distribution requirements, thus making it difficult to retain and reinvest the sales proceeds. Also, REIT tax laws may impose negative consequences if we sell properties held for less than two years. We may be adversely affected by changes in laws: Increases in income and service taxes may reduce our cash flow and ability to make expected distributions to our shareholders. Additionally, any changes in the tax law applicable to REITs may adversely affect taxation of us and/or our shareholders. Our properties are also subject to various federal, state and local regulatory requirements, such as state and local fire and safety codes. If we fail to comply with these requirements, governmental authorities could fine us or courts could award damages against us. We believe our 11 properties comply with all significant legal requirements. However, these requirements could change in a way that could negatively affect our operating results, cash available for distribution or reinvestment and stock price. We may incur significant environmental remediation costs: As an owner and operator of real properties, under various federal, state and local environmental laws, we are required to clean up spills or other releases of hazardous or toxic substances on or from our properties. Certain environmental laws impose liability whether or not the owner or buyer knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of the hazardous or toxic substances. In some cases, liability may not be limited to the value of the property. The presence of these substances, or the failure to properly remediate any resulting contamination, whether from environmental or microbial issues, also may adversely affect our ability to sell, lease, operate, or encumber our facilities. We have conducted preliminary environmental assessments of most of our properties (and conduct these assessments in connection with property acquisitions) to evaluate the environmental condition of, and potential environmental liabilities associated with, our properties. These assessments generally consist of an investigation of environmental conditions at the property (including soil or groundwater sampling or analysis if appropriate), as well as a review of available information regarding the site and publicly available data regarding conditions at other sites in the vicinity. In connection with these property assessments, our operations and recent property acquisitions, we have become aware that prior operations or activities at some properties or from nearby locations have or may have resulted in contamination to the soil or groundwater at these properties. In circumstances where our environmental assessments disclose potential or actual contamination, we may attempt to obtain indemnifications and, in appropriate circumstances, we obtain limited environmental insurance in connection with the properties acquired, but we cannot assure you that such protections will be sufficient to cover actual future liabilities nor that our assessments have identified all such risks. Although we cannot provide any assurance, based on the preliminary environmental assessments, we are not aware of any environmental contamination of our facilities material to our overall business, financial condition or results of operations. There has been an increasing number of claims and litigation against owners and managers of rental properties relating to moisture infiltration, which can result in mold or other property damage. When we receive a complaint concerning moisture infiltration, condensation or mold problems and/or become aware that an air quality concern exists, we implement corrective measures in accordance with guidelines and protocols we have developed with the assistance of outside experts. We seek to work proactively with our customers to resolve moisture infiltration and mold-related issues, subject to our contractual limitations on liability for such claims. However, we can give no assurance that material legal claims relating to moisture infiltration and the presence of, or exposure to, mold will not arise in the future. Any such environmental remediation costs or issues, including any potential ongoing impacts on rent or operating expenses, could negatively impact our operating results, cash flow available for distribution or reinvestment and our stock price. Operating costs, including property taxes, could increase: We could be subject to increases in insurance premiums, property or other taxes, repair and maintenance costs, payroll, utility costs, workers compensation, and other operating expenses due to various factors such as inflation, labor shortages, commodity and energy price increases, weather, changes to governmental safety and real estate use limitations, as well as other governmental actions. Our property tax expense, which totaled $47.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2020, generally depends upon the assessed value of our real estate facilities as determined by assessors and government agencies, and accordingly could be subject to substantial increases if such agencies changed their valuation approaches or opinions or if new laws are enacted, especially if new approaches are adopted or laws are enacted that result in increased property tax assessments in states or municipalities where we have a high concentration of facilities. We have exposure to increased property tax in California: Approximately $128.3 million of our 2020 net operating income is from our properties in California, and we incurred approximately $17.0 million in related property tax expense. Due to the impact of Proposition 13, which generally limits increases in assessed values to 2% per year, the assessed value and resulting property tax we pay is significantly less than it would be if the properties were assessed at current values. From time to time proposals have been made to reduce the beneficial impact of Proposition 13, particularly with respect to commercial and industrial (non-residential) real estate. An initiative was on California’s November 2020 statewide ballot (“Prop 15”) that would have resulted in the reassessment of our California properties and would substantially increase our property tax expense likely starting in 2023. Prop 15 did not pass; however, there can be no assurance that a similar initiative will not be proposed and passed in the future. If a similar initiative or a similar proposal were to be adopted, it would end the beneficial effect of Proposition 13 for our properties, and our property tax expense could increase substantially, adversely affecting our cash flow from operations and net income. 12 We must comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act, fire and safety regulations and zoning requirements, which can require significant expenditures: All of our properties must comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act and with related regulations (the “ADA”). The ADA has separate compliance requirements for “public accommodations” and “commercial facilities,” but generally requires that buildings be made accessible to persons with disabilities. Various state laws impose similar requirements. A failure to comply with the ADA or similar state laws could lead to government imposed fines on us and/or litigation, which could also involve an award of damages to individuals affected by the non-compliance. In addition, we must operate our properties in compliance with numerous local fire and safety regulations, building codes, zoning requirements and other land use regulations, all of which are subject to change and could become more costly to comply with in the future. The cost of compliance with these requirements can be substantial, and could reduce cash otherwise available for distribution to shareholders. Failure to comply with these requirements could also affect the marketability and rentability of our real estate facilities. We incur liability from customer and employment-related claims: From time to time we have to make monetary settlements or defend actions or arbitration to resolve customer or employment-related claims and disputes. Settling any such liabilities could negatively impact our earnings and cash available for distribution to shareholders, and could also adversely affect our ability to sell, lease, operate, or encumber affected facilities. Our development of real estate can subject us to certain risks: We are engaged in significant real estate development. For example, as of December 31, 2020, we have a 98.2% interest in a 411-unit multifamily apartment complex development and in 2019 we successfully rezoned the remainder of The Mile and are able to pursue the development of additional multifamily and mixed use projects. We are also considering the potential redevelopment of other facilities in our portfolio. Development or redevelopment of facilities are subject to a number of risks, including construction delays, complications in obtaining necessary zoning, occupancy and other governmental permits, cost overruns, failures of our development partners, financing risks, and the possible inability to meet expected occupancy and rent levels. In addition, we do not have experience in multifamily development and are relying to some degree on the experience of our joint venture partner. As a result of these risks, our development projects may be worth less or may generate less revenue than we believed at the time of development. Any of the foregoing risks could negatively impact our operating results, cash flow available for distribution or reinvestment and our stock price. In addition, we may be unable to successfully integrate and effectively manage the properties we develop, which could adversely affect our results of operations. We are subject to risks from the COVID-19 pandemic and we may in the future be subject to risks from other public health crises. Beginning in 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has spread globally, including to every state in the United States, adversely affecting public health and economic activity. Our business is subject to risks from the COVID-19 pandemic, including, among others: • illness or death of our employees or customers, negative impacts to the economic environment and to our customers which could reduce the demand for commercial property space or reduce our ability to collect rent, or potential regulatory action to close certain of our facilities that were determined not to be an “essential business” or for other reasons, limit our ability to complete development and redevelopment projects; • risk that government restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic ease, such as social distancing requirements, will continue or will be reinstituted in case of future waves of infection or if additional pandemics occur; • risk that the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic could reduce consumer confidence and result in an elevated level of move-outs of our long-term customers, resulting in a reduction in rental income due to occupancy reductions and increased “rent roll down” due to new customers having lower rental rates than departing customers; and risk of negative impacts on the cost and availability of debt and equity capital as a result of the COVID-19 • pandemic, which could have a material impact upon our capital and growth plans. We believe that the degree to which the COVID-19 pandemic adversely impacts our business, operating results, cash flows and/or financial condition will be driven primarily by the duration, spread and severity of the pandemic itself, the speed and effectiveness of vaccine and treatment developments and distribution, as well as the duration of indirect economic impacts such as recession, dislocation in capital markets, and job loss, as well as potential longer term changes in consumer behavior, all of which are uncertain and difficult to predict. As a result, we are not able at this time to estimate the effect of these factors on our business, but the adverse impact on our business, results of 13 operations, financial condition and cash flows could be material. Future pandemics or public health crises could have similar impacts. Economic conditions can adversely affect our business, financial condition, growth and access to capital. Economic conditions in the areas we operate, capital markets, global economic conditions, and other events or factors could adversely affect rental demand for our real estate, our ability to grow our business and acquire new facilities, to access capital, as well as the value of our real estate. Such conditions, which could negatively impact our operating results, cash flow available for distribution or reinvestment and our stock price, include the following: Commercial credit markets: Our results of operations and share price are sensitive to volatility in the credit markets. From time to time, the commercial real estate debt markets experience volatility as a result of various factors, including changing underwriting standards by lenders and credit rating agencies. This may result in lenders increasing the cost for debt financing, which could affect the economic viability of any acquisition or development activities we may undertake or otherwise increase our costs of borrowing. Conversely, to the extent that debt becomes cheaper or underwriting terms become more favorable, it could increase the overall amount of capital being invested in real estate, allowing more competitors to bid for facilities that we may wish to acquire, reducing the potential yield from acquisitions or preventing us from acquiring assets we might otherwise wish to acquire. Capital markets: The issuance of perpetual preferred securities historically has been a significant source of capital to grow our business, and we have considered issuing unsecured debt publicly or in private transactions. We also consider issuance of our common equity a potential source of capital. Our ability to access these sources of capital can be adversely affected by challenging market conditions, which can increase the cost of issuance of preferred equity and debt, and reduce the value of our common shares, making such sources of capital less attractive or not feasible. We believe that we have sufficient working capital and capacity under our credit facilities and our retained cash flow from operations to continue to operate our business as usual and meet our current obligations. However, if we were unable to issue public equity or borrow at reasonable rates, that could limit the earnings growth that might otherwise result from the acquisition and development of real estate facilities. Asset valuations: Market volatility makes the valuation of our properties difficult. There may be significant uncertainty in the valuation, or in the stability of the value, of our properties, which could result in a substantial decrease in the value of our properties. As a result, we may not be able to recover the carrying amount of our properties, which may require us to recognize an impairment charge in earnings. Reductions in the value of our assets could result in a reduction in the value of our common shares. Potential negative impacts upon demand for our space and customers’ ability to pay: We believe that our current and prospective customers are susceptible to global and local economic conditions as well as the impact of capital markets, asset valuations, and commercial credit markets, which could result in an impairment of our customers’ existing business operations or curtail plans for growth. Such impairment could reduce demand for our rental space, or make it difficult for customers to fulfill their obligations to us under their leases. The acquisition of existing properties is a significant component of our long-term growth strategy, and acquisitions of existing properties are subject to risks that may adversely affect our growth and financial results. We acquire existing properties, either in individual transactions or portfolios offered by other commercial real estate owners. In addition to the general risks related to real estate described above, we are also subject to the following risks associated with the acquisition of real estate facilities which could negatively impact our operating results, cash flow available for distribution or reinvestment and our stock price: Due diligence could be insufficient: Failure to identify all significant circumstances or conditions that affect the value, rentability, or costs of operation of an acquired facility, such as unidentified structural, environmental, zoning, or marketability issues, could jeopardize realization of anticipated earnings from an acquisition and negatively impact our operating results. We could fail to successfully integrate acquired properties into our platform: Failures to integrate acquired properties into our operating platform, such as a failure to maintain existing relationships with customers due to changes in processes, standards, customer service, could temporarily or permanently impair our operating results. 14 We compete with other real estate operators for facilities: We face significant competition for suitable acquisition properties from other real estate investors, including other publicly traded real estate investment trusts and private institutional investors. As a result, we may be unable to acquire additional properties we desire or the purchase price for desirable properties may be significantly increased, reducing potential yields from acquisitions. Acquired properties are subject to property tax reappraisals, which occur following the acquisition and can be difficult to estimate: Facilities that we acquire are subject to property tax reappraisal, which can substantially increase ongoing property taxes. The reappraisal process is subject to a significant degree of uncertainty, because it involves the judgment of governmental agencies regarding real estate values and other factors. In connection with underwriting future or recent acquisitions of properties, if our estimates of property taxes following reappraisal are too low, we may not realize anticipated earnings from an acquisition. We are subject to laws and governmental regulations and actions that affect our operating results and financial condition. Our business is subject to regulation under a wide variety of U.S. federal, state and local laws, regulations and policies including those applicable to our status as a REIT, and those imposed by the SEC, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”), as well as applicable local, state and national labor laws. Although we have policies and procedures designed to comply with applicable laws and regulations, failure to comply with the various laws and regulations may result in civil and criminal liability, fines and penalties, increased costs of compliance and restatement of our financial statements and could also affect the marketability of our real estate facilities. In response to current economic conditions or the current political environment or otherwise, laws and regulations could be implemented or changed in ways that adversely affect our operating results and financial condition, such as legislation that could otherwise increase operating costs. Such changes could also adversely affect the operations of our customers, which could affect the price and demand for our space as well as our customer’s ability to pay their rent. On November 3, 2020, Californians passed a ballot measure that creates the CPRA. The CPRA amends and expands the CCPA, which went into effect on January 1, 2020. The CPRA, which goes into effect on January 1, 2023, provides new rights and amends existing rights found in the CCPA. It also creates a new privacy enforcement authority, the CalPPA. The CPRA grants the Attorney General and the CalPPA the authority to issue regulations on a wide range of topics. It therefore remains unclear what, if any, modifications will be made to the CPRA or how it will be interpreted. While we believe we have developed processes to comply with current privacy requirements, a regulatory agency may not agree with certain of our implementation decisions, which could subject us to litigation, regulatory actions or changes to our business practices that could increase costs or reduce revenues. Other states have also considered or are considering privacy laws similar to those passed in California. Similar laws may be implemented in other jurisdictions that we do business in and in ways that may be more restrictive than those in California, increasing the cost of compliance, as well as the risk of noncompliance, on our business. Ineffective succession planning for our CEO and executive management, as well as for our other key employees, may impact the execution of the Company’s strategic plan. We may not effectively or appropriately identify ready-now succession candidates for CEO and executive management team, which may negatively impact the Company’s ability to meet key strategic goals. Failure to implement a succession plan for other key employees may leave the Company vulnerable to retirements and turnover. We rely on technology in our operations and failures, inadequacies or interruptions to our service could harm our business. The execution of our business strategy is heavily dependent on the use of technologies and systems, including the Internet, to access, store, transmit, deliver and manage information and processes. We rely extensively on third-party vendors to retain data, process transactions and provide other systems services. The failure, damage or interruption of these systems, including as a result of power outages, computer and telecommunications failures, hackers, computer worms, viruses and other destructive or disruptive security breaches, natural disasters, terrorist attacks, and other catastrophic events could significantly and have a material adverse effect on our business. 15 If our confidential information is compromised or corrupted, including as a result of a cybersecurity breach, our reputation and business relationships could be damaged, which could adversely affect our financial condition and operating results. In the ordinary course of our business we acquire and store sensitive data, including personally identifiable information of our prospective and current customers and our employees. The secure processing and maintenance of this information is critical to our operations and business strategy. Although we believe we have taken commercially reasonable steps to protect the security of our confidential information, information security risks have generally increased in recent years due to the rise in new technologies and the increased sophistication and activities of perpetrators of cyberattacks. Despite our security measures, we have experienced security breaches due to cyberattacks and additional breaches could occur in the future. In these cases, our information technology and infrastructure could be vulnerable and our or our customers’ or employees’ confidential information could be compromised or misappropriated. Any such breach could result in serious and harmful consequences for us or our customers. Our confidential information may also be compromised due to programming or human error or malfeasance. We must continually evaluate and adapt our systems and processes to address the evolving threat landscape, and therefore there is no guarantee that they will be adequate to safeguard against all data security breaches or misuses of data. In addition, as the regulatory environment related to information security, data collection and use, and privacy becomes increasingly rigorous, with new and changing requirements applicable to our business from multiple regulatory agencies at the local, state, federal, or international level, compliance with those requirement could also result in additional costs, or we could fail to comply with those requirements due to various reasons such as not being aware of them. Any such access, disclosure or other loss of information could result in legal claims or proceedings, liability under laws that protect the privacy of personal information, regulatory penalties, disruption to our operations and the services we provide to customers or damage our reputation, any of which could adversely affect our results of operations, reputation and competitive position. In addition, our customers could lose confidence in our ability to protect their personal information, which could cause them to discontinue leasing our facilities. Such events could lead to lost future revenues and adversely affect our results of operations and could result in remedial and other costs, fines or lawsuits, which could be in excess of any available insurance that we have procured. Risks Related to Our Ownership, Organization and Structure We would incur adverse tax consequences if we failed to qualify as a REIT and we would have to pay substantial U.S. federal corporate income taxes. REITs are subject to a range of complex organizational and operational requirements. A qualifying REIT does not generally incur U.S. federal corporate income tax on its “REIT taxable income” (generally, taxable income subject to specified adjustments, including a deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gain) that it distributes to its shareholders. We believe we have qualified as a REIT and we intend to continue to maintain our REIT status. However, there can be no assurance that we qualify or will continue to qualify as a REIT, because of the highly technical nature of the REIT rules, the ongoing importance of factual determinations, the possibility of unidentified issues in prior periods, or changes in our circumstances, as well as share ownership limits in our articles of incorporation that do not necessarily ensure that our shareholder base is sufficiently diverse for us to qualify as a REIT. For any year we fail to qualify as a REIT, unless certain relief provisions apply (the granting of such relief could nonetheless result in significant excise or penalty taxes), we would not be allowed a deduction for dividends paid, we would be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on our taxable income, and generally we would not be allowed to elect REIT status until the fifth year after such a disqualification. Any taxes, interest, and penalties incurred would reduce our cash available for distributions to shareholders and could negatively affect our stock price. However, for years in which we failed to qualify as a REIT, we would not be subject to REIT rules that require us to distribute substantially all of our taxable income to our shareholders. Even if we qualify as a REIT, we may face other tax liabilities that reduce our cash flow. Even if we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we may be subject to certain U.S. federal, state and local taxes, including payroll taxes, taxes on any undistributed income, taxes on income from some activities conducted as a result of a foreclosure, a 100% excise tax on any transactions with a Taxable REIT Subsidary (“TRS”) that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis, and state or local income, franchise, property and transfer taxes. Moreover, if we have net income from the sale of properties that are “dealer” properties (a “prohibited transaction” under the Code), that income will be subject to a 100% penalty tax. In addition, our TRSs will be subject to U.S. federal, state and local corporate 16 income taxes on their net taxable income, if any. Any of these taxes would reduce our cash available for distributions to shareholders and could negatively affect our stock price. We may need to borrow funds to meet our REIT distribution requirements. As a REIT, we are required to distribute at least 90% of our “REIT taxable income” (determined before the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains) to our shareholders each year. Our income consists primarily of our share of our OP’s income. We intend to make sufficient distributions to qualify as a REIT and otherwise avoid corporate tax. However, differences in timing between income and expenses and the need to make nondeductible expenditures such as capital improvements and principal payments on debt could force us to borrow funds to make necessary shareholder distributions. Future dividend levels are not determinable at this time. Changes in tax laws could negatively impact us. The United States Treasury Department and Congress frequently review U.S. federal income tax legislation, regulations and other guidance. We cannot predict whether, when or to what extent new U.S. federal tax laws, regulations, interpretations or rulings will be adopted. Any legislative action may prospectively or retroactively modify our tax treatment and, therefore, may adversely affect taxation of us or our shareholders. PS has significant influence over us. As of December 31, 2020, PS owned 7.2 million shares of the Company’s common stock and 7.3 million common units of the OP (100.0% of the common units not owned by the Company). Assuming issuance of the Company’s common stock upon redemption of its partnership units, PS would own 41.6% (or 14.5 million shares) of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock at December 31, 2020. In addition, the PS Business Parks name and logo are owned by PS and licensed to the Company under a non-exclusive, royalty-free license agreement. The license can be terminated by either party for any reason with six months written notice. Ronald L. Havner, Jr., the Company’s chairman, is also Chairman of Trustees of PS. Joseph D. Russell, Jr. is a director and former Chief Executive Officer of the Company and also President and Chief Executive Officer of PS. Kristy M. Pipes, an independent director of the Company, is also a trustee of PS and Gary E. Pruitt, an independent director of the Company, was also a trustee of PS until he retired from the Board of Trustees of PS in January 2021. Consequently, PS has the ability to significantly influence all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders, including electing directors, changing our articles of incorporation, dissolving and approving other extraordinary transactions such as mergers, and all matters requiring the consent of the limited partners of the OP. PS’s interest in such matters may differ from other shareholders. In addition, PS’s ownership may make it more difficult for another party to take over or acquire our Company without PS’s approval, even if favorable to our public shareholders. Provisions in our organizational documents may prevent changes in control. In certain circumstances, shareholders might desire a change of control or acquisition of us in order to realize a premium over the then-prevailing market price of our shares or for other reasons. However, current provisions of our articles of incorporation and the powers of our Board could prevent, deter, or delay such a transaction, including (1) restrictions on the acquisition of our shares, (2) the power to issue additional common stock, preferred stock or equity stock on terms approved by the Board without obtaining shareholder approval and (3) the advance notice provisions of our bylaws. Our articles generally prohibit any person from owning more than 7% of our shares: Our articles of incorporation restrict the number of shares that may be owned by any “person,” and the partnership agreement of our OP contains an anti-takeover provision. No shareholder (other than PS and certain other specified shareholders) may own more than 7% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, unless our Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) waives this limitation. We imposed this limitation to avoid, to the extent possible, a concentration of ownership that might jeopardize our ability to qualify as a REIT. This limitation, however, also makes a change of control much more difficult (if not impossible). These provisions will prevent future takeover attempts not supported by PS even if a majority of our public shareholders consider it to be in their best interests, such as to receive a premium for their shares over market value or for other reasons. Our Board can set the terms of certain securities without shareholder approval: Our Board is authorized, without shareholder approval, to issue up to 50.0 million shares of preferred stock and up to 100.0 million shares of equity stock, in each case in one or more series. Our Board has the right to set the terms of each of these series of stock. Consequently, the Board could set the terms of a series of stock that could make it difficult (if not impossible) for another party to take over our Company even if it might be favorable to our public shareholders. Our articles of 17 incorporation also contain other provisions that could have the same effect. We can also cause our OP to issue additional interests for cash or in exchange for property. The partnership agreement of our OP restricts our ability to enter into mergers: The partnership agreement of our OP generally provides that we may not merge or engage in a similar transaction unless either the limited partners of our OP are entitled to receive the same proportionate consideration as our shareholders, or 60% of the OP’s limited partners approve the merger. In addition, we may not consummate a merger unless the matter is approved by a vote of the OP’s partners, with our interests in the OP voted in proportion to the manner in which our shareholders voted to approve the merger. These provisions have the effect of increasing PS’s influence over us due to PS’s ownership of operating partnership units. These provisions may make it more difficult for us to merge with another entity. The interests of limited partners of our OP may conflict with the interests of our common stockholders. Limited partners of our OP, including PS, have the right to vote on certain changes to the partnership agreement. They may vote in a way that is against the interests of our shareholders. Also, as general partner of our OP, we are required to protect the interests of the limited partners of the OP. The interests of the limited partners and of our shareholders may differ. We depend on external sources of capital to grow our Company. As a REIT, we are required to distribute at least 90% of our “REIT taxable income” (determined before the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains) to our shareholders each year. Because of this distribution requirement, we may not be able to fund future capital needs, including any necessary building and tenant improvements, from operating cash flow. Consequently, we may need to rely on third-party sources of capital to fund our capital needs. We may not be able to obtain the financing on favorable terms or at all. Access to third-party sources of capital depends, in part, on general market conditions, the market’s perception of our growth potential, our current and expected future earnings, our cash flow, and the market price per share of our common stock. If we cannot obtain capital from third-party sources, we may not be able to acquire properties when strategic opportunities exist, satisfy any debt service obligations, or make cash distributions to shareholders. Risks Related to Our Preferred Stock Holders of depositary shares, each representing 1/1,000 of a share of our outstanding preferred stock, have dividend, liquidation and other rights that are senior to the rights of the holders of shares of our common stock. Holders of our shares of preferred stock are entitled to cumulative dividends before any dividends may be declared or set aside on our common stock. Upon liquidation, before any payment is made to holders of our common stock, shares of our preferred stock are entitled to receive a liquidation preference of $25,000 per share (or $25.00 per depositary share) plus any accrued and unpaid distributions before any payment is made to the common shareholders. These preferences may limit the amount received by our common shareholders for ongoing distributions or upon liquidation. In addition, our preferred stockholders have the right to elect two additional directors to our Board whenever dividends are in arrears in an aggregate amount equivalent to six or more quarterly dividends, whether or not consecutive. Preferred Shareholders are subject to certain risks. Holders of our preferred shares have preference rights over our common shareholders with respect to liquidation and distributions, which give them some assurance of continued payment of their stated dividend rate, and receipt of their principal upon liquidation of the Company or redemption of their securities. However, holders of our preferred shares should consider the following risks: • The Company has in the past, and could in the future, issue or assume additional debt. Preferred shareholders would be subordinated to the interest and principal payments of such debt, which would increase the risk that there would not be sufficient funds to pay distributions or liquidation amounts to the preferred shareholders. • The Company has in the past, and could in the future, issue additional preferred shares that, while pari passu to the existing preferred shares, increases the risk that there would not be sufficient funds to pay distributions to the preferred shareholders. • While the Company has no plans to do so, if the Company were to lose its REIT status or no longer elect REIT status, it would no longer be required to distribute its taxable income to maintain REIT status. If, in such a 18 circumstance, the Company ceased paying dividends, unpaid distributions to the preferred shareholders would continue to accumulate. The preferred shareholders would have the ability to elect two additional members to serve on our Board until the arrearage was cured. The preferred shareholders would not receive any compensation (such as interest) for the delay in the receipt of distributions, and it is possible that the arrearage could accumulate indefinitely. ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS None. ITEM 2. PROPERTIES As of December 31, 2020, we owned 98 business parks and 675 buildings in a geographically diverse portfolio of 27.7 million rentable square feet of commercial real estate which consists of 18.4 million square feet of industrial space, 6.2 million square feet of flex space, and 3.1 million square feet of office space. The weighted average occupancy rate for these assets throughout 2020 was 91.9% and the realized rent per square foot was $16.03. The following table reflects the geographical diversification of the 98 business parks owned by the Company as of December 31, 2020, the type of rentable square footage and the weighted average occupancy rates throughout 2020 (except as set forth below, all of the properties are held fee simple) (in thousands, except number of business parks): Region Northern California Southern California Dallas (1) Austin Northern Virginia South Florida Seattle Suburban Maryland Total ____________________________ Number of Business Parks 30 17 12 9 20 3 3 4 98 Rentable Square Footage Flex Office Total Weighted Average Occupancy Rate 593 953 1,587 1,208 1,440 126 270 — 6,177 340 31 — — 1,970 12 28 751 3,132 7,324 3,973 2,887 1,963 5,220 3,866 1,350 1,145 27,728 91.3% 91.6% 88.0% 94.9% 92.3% 93.5% 95.6% 89.5% 91.9% Industrial 6,391 2,989 1,300 755 1,810 3,728 1,052 394 18,419 (1) The Company owns two properties comprising 231,000 square feet that are subject to ground leases in Irving, Texas. These leases expire in 2029 and 2030. Along with the 27.7 million rentable square feet of commercial space, we also have a 95.0% interest in a 395-unit multifamily apartment complex and a 98.2% interest in a 411-unit multifamily apartment complex development. We currently anticipate that each of our properties will continue to be used for its current purpose. However, we will from time to time evaluate our properties from a highest and best use perspective, and may identify higher and better uses for our real estate. We renovate our properties in connection with the re-leasing of space to customers and expect to fund the costs of such renovations generally from rental income. Competition exists in each of the market areas in which our properties are located, and we have risks that customers could default on leases and declare bankruptcy. We believe these risks are mitigated in part through the Company’s geographic diversity and our diverse customer base. Please refer to Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for portfolio information with respect to lease expirations and operating results in 2020, 2019, and 2018 by region and by type of rentable space. ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS We are not presently subject to material litigation nor, to our knowledge, is any material litigation threatened against us, other than routine actions, claims and administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business, some of which are expected to be covered by liability insurance or third party indemnifications and all of which collectively are not expected to have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity. 19 ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES Not applicable. PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity: The common stock of the Company trades on the NYSE under the symbol PSB. Holders: As of February 19, 2021, there were 260 holders of record of the common stock. Dividends: Holders of common stock are entitled to receive distributions when and if declared by our Board out of any funds legally available for that purpose. As a REIT, we do not incur U.S. federal corporate income tax on our “REIT taxable income” that is fully distributed each year (for this purpose, certain distributions paid in a subsequent year may be considered), and if we meet certain organizational and operational requirements. We believe we have met these REIT requirements in all periods presented herein, and we expect to continue to elect and qualify as a REIT. The Board has established a distribution policy intended to maximize the retention of operating cash flow and distribute the amount required for the Company to maintain its tax status as a REIT. Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities: The Board has authorized the repurchase, from time to time, of up to 6.5 million shares of the Company’s common stock on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. During the three months ended December 31, 2020, there were no shares of the Company’s common stock repurchased. As of December 31, 2020, the Company has 1,614,721 shares available for repurchase under the program. The program does not expire. Purchases will be made subject to market conditions and other investment opportunities available to the Company. Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans: Information related to the Company’s equity compensation plan is provided in Item 12, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.” ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA Not applicable. 20 ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following discussion and analysis of the results of operations and financial condition should be read in conjunction with the selected financial data and the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this Form 10-K. Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates: Our accounting policies are described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10- K. We believe our critical accounting policies relate to income tax expense, accounting for acquired real estate facilities, accounting for customer receivable balances, including deferred rent receivable balances, impairment of long-lived assets, and accrual for uncertain and contingent liabilities, each of which are more fully discussed below. Income Tax Expense: We have elected to be treated as a REIT, as defined in the Code. As a REIT, we do not incur U.S. federal corporate income tax on our “REIT taxable income” that is fully distributed each year (for this purpose, certain distributions paid in a subsequent year may be considered), and if we meet certain organizational and operational requirements. We believe we have met these REIT requirements for all periods presented herein. Accordingly, we have recorded no U.S. federal corporate income tax expense related to our “REIT taxable income.” Our evaluation that we have met the REIT requirements could be incorrect, because compliance with the tax rules requires factual determinations, and circumstances we have not identified could result in noncompliance with the tax requirements in current or prior years. For any taxable year that we fail to qualify as a REIT and for which applicable statutory relief provisions did not apply, we would be taxed at the regular corporate rates on all of our taxable income for at least that year and the ensuing four years, we could be subject to penalties and interest, and our net income would be materially different from the amounts shown in our consolidated financial statements. Accounting for Acquired Real Estate Facilities: We estimate the fair value of land, buildings, intangible assets and intangible liabilities for purposes of allocating purchase price. Such estimates, which are determined with the assistance of third-party valuation specialists where appropriate, are based upon many assumptions and judgments, including, but not limited to, (i) market rates of return and capitalization rates on real estate and intangible assets, (ii) building and material cost levels, (iii) estimated market rent levels, (iv) future revenue growth rates, (v) future cash flows from the real estate and the existing customer base and (vi) comparisons of the acquired underlying land parcels to recent land transactions. Others could come to materially different conclusions as to the estimated fair values, which could result in different depreciation and amortization expense, rental income, gains and losses on sale of real estate assets, and real estate and intangible assets. Accounting for Customer Receivable Balances, including Deferred Rent Receivable Balances: Customer receivables consist primarily of amounts due for contractual lease payments, reimbursements of common area maintenance expenses, property taxes and other expenses recoverable from customers. Deferred rent receivables represent the amount that the cumulative straight-line rental income recorded as of a reporting date exceeds cash rents billed through that same date under the lease agreement, inclusive of rent deferrals and abatements granted to our customers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company writes off uncollectible customer receivable balances, including deferred rent receivable balances, in the period such receivable balances are deemed uncollectible. Significant bad debt losses could materially impact our net income. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets: The analysis of impairment of our long-lived assets involves identification of indicators of impairment, projections of future operating cash flows and estimates of fair values or selling prices, all of which require significant judgment and subjectivity. Others could come to materially different conclusions. In addition, we may not have identified all current facts and circumstances that may affect impairment. Any unidentified impairment loss, or change in conclusions, could have a material adverse impact on our net income. Accrual for Uncertain and Contingent Liabilities: We accrue for certain contingent and other liabilities that have significant uncertain elements, such as property taxes, performance bonuses and other operating expenses, as well as other legal claims and disputes involving customers, employees, governmental agencies and other third parties. We estimate such liabilities based upon many factors such as past trends and our evaluation of likely outcomes. However, the estimates of known liabilities could be incorrect or we may not be aware of all such liabilities, in which case our accrued liabilities and net income could be materially different. 21 Business Overview The Company is a fully-integrated, self-advised and self-managed REIT that owns, operates, acquires and develops commercial properties, primarily multi-tenant industrial, flex and office space. As of December 31, 2020, the Company owned and operated 27.7 million rentable square feet of commercial space in six states consists of 98 parks and 675 buildings located in markets that have experienced long-term economic growth with a particular concentration on small- and medium-size customers. Accordingly, a significant degree of management attention is paid to maximizing the cash flow from our existing real estate portfolio. The Company also held a 95.0% interest in a joint venture entity which owns Highgate at The Mile, a 395-unit multifamily apartment complex located in Tysons, Virginia, and a 98.2% interest in a joint venture formed to develop Brentford at The Mile, a planned 411-unit multifamily apartment complex also located in Tysons, Virginia. Our strong and conservative capital structure allows us the flexibility to use debt and equity capital prudently to fund our growth, which allows us to acquire properties we believe will create long-term value. From time to time we sell properties which no longer fit the Company’s strategic objectives. Existing Real Estate Facilities: The operating results of our existing real estate facilities are substantially influenced by demand for rental space within our properties and our markets, which impacts occupancy, rental rates and capital expenditure requirements. We strive to maintain high occupancy levels while increasing rental rates and minimizing capital expenditures when market conditions allow, although the Company may decrease rental rates in markets where conditions require. Management’s initiatives and strategies with respect to our existing real estate facilities, which include incentivizing our personnel to maximize the return on investment for each lease transaction and provide a superior level of service to our customers. Acquisitions of Real Estate Facilities: We seek to grow our portfolio through acquisitions of facilities generally consistent with the Company’s focus on owning concentrated business parks with easy to configure space and in markets and product types with favorable long-term return potential. On October 28, 2020, we acquired a multi-tenant industrial park comprising approximately 246,000 rentable square feet in Alexandria, Virginia, for a total purchase price of $46.6 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. The park consists of three buildings and was 100.0% occupied at acquisition with suites ranging from 7,000 to 75,000 square feet. On January 10, 2020, we acquired a multi-tenant industrial park comprising approximately 73,000 rentable square feet in La Mirada, California, for a total purchase price of $13.5 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. The park consists of five buildings and was 100.0% occupied at acquisition with suites ranging from 1,200 to 3,000 square feet. On December 20, 2019, we acquired a multi-tenant flex park comprising approximately 79,000 rentable square feet in Santa Clara, California, for a total purchase price of $16.8 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. The park consists of nine buildings and was 95.6% occupied at acquisition with suites ranging from 200 to 3,500 square feet. On September 5, 2019, we acquired a multi-tenant industrial park comprising approximately 543,000 rentable square feet in Santa Fe Springs, California, for a total purchase price of $104.3 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. The park consists of ten buildings and was 100.0% occupied at acquisition with suites ranging from 5,000 to 288,000 square feet. On April 18, 2019, we acquired a multi-tenant industrial park comprising approximately 74,000 rentable square feet in Signal Hill, California, for a total purchase price of $13.8 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. The park consists of eight buildings and was 98.4% occupied at acquisition with suites ranging from 1,200 to 8,000 square feet. On June 8, 2018, we acquired two multi-tenant industrial parks aggregating 1.1 million rentable square feet in Springfield, Virginia, for a total purchase price of $143.8 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. The portfolio consists of 19 buildings and was 76.1% occupied at acquisition with suites ranging from 100 to 32,000 square feet. We continue to seek to acquire additional properties in our existing markets and generally in close proximity to our existing portfolio; however, there can be no assurance that we will acquire additional facilities that meet our risk- adjusted return and underwriting requirements. 22 Development or Redevelopment of Real Estate Facilities: In certain instances, we may seek to redevelop our existing real estate or develop new buildings on excess land parcels. During 2020, we developed an 83,000 square foot shallow-bay industrial building on an excess land parcel at our Freeport Business Park in Irving, Texas. As of December 31, 2020, $7.8 million of the estimated $8.1 million total development costs had been incurred and was reflected under land and building held for development, net on our consolidated balance sheets. The remaining $0.3 million was incurred subsequent to December 31, 2020 and construction was completed in January 2021. The Mile is an office and multifamily park we own which sits on 44.5 contiguous acres of land located in Tysons, Virginia. The park consists of 628,000 square feet of office space and a 395-unit multifamily apartment community, Highgate at The Mile, which we completed in 2017 through a joint venture with an unrelated real estate development company (the “JV Partner”). In 2019, we successfully rezoned The Mile allowing us to develop, at our election, up to 3,000 additional multifamily units and approximately 500,000 square feet of other commercial uses. In August 2020, the Company entered into a new joint agreement with the JV Partner for the purpose of developing Brentford at The Mile, a planned 411-unit multifamily apartment complex (the “Brentford Joint Venture”). Under the Brentford Joint Venture agreement, the Company has a 98.2% controlling interest and is the managing member with the JV Partner holding the remaining 1.8% limited partnership interest. We contributed a parcel of land to the Brentford Joint Venture (the “Brentford Parcel”) at a value of $18.5 million, for which we received equity contribution credit in the Brentford Joint Venture. Our cost basis in the Brentford Parcel was $5.5 million as of December 31, 2020. Construction of Brentford at The Mile commenced in August 2020 and is anticipated to be completed over a period of 24 to 36 months at an estimated development cost of $110 million to $115 million, excluding land cost. As of December 31, 2020, the development cost incurred was $9.6 million, which is reflected in land and building held for development, net on our consolidated balance sheets along with our $5.5 million cost basis in the Brentford Parcel. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company also recorded non-capitalizable demolition costs of $0.3 million in interest and other expense on our consolidated statements of income. While multifamily real estate was not previously a core asset class for us, we determined that multifamily real estate represented a unique opportunity and the highest and best use of the Brentford Parcel. Through joint ventures we have partnered with a local developer and operator of multifamily properties in order to leverage their development and operational expertise. The scope and timing of the future phases of development of The Mile are subject to a variety of uncertainties, including site plan approvals and building permits. We consolidate both the joint venture that owns Highgate at The Mile and the joint venture that is developing Brentford at The Mile. See “Analysis of Net Income – Multifamily” below and Note 3 and 4 to our consolidated financial statements for more information on Highgate at The Mile and Brentford at The Mile. Sales of Real Estate Facilities: We may from time to time sell individual real estate facilities based on market conditions, fit with our existing portfolio, evaluation of long-term potential returns of markets or product types, or other reasons. On September 16, 2020, the Company sold two industrial buildings totaling 40,000 square feet located in Redmond, Washington, which were subject to an eminent domain process for net proceeds of $11.4 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $7.7 million. These properties were classified as held for sale, net, in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019. On January 7, 2020, the Company completed the sale of a single-tenant building totaling 113,000 square feet in Montgomery County, Maryland, for net sale proceeds of $29.3 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $19.6 million. This property was classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2019. On October 8, 2019, we sold three business parks located in Montgomery County, Maryland: Metro Park North, Meadow Business Park and WesTech Business Park. The parks, consisting of 28 buildings totaling approximately 1.3 million rentable square feet sold for net sale proceeds of $144.6 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $16.6 million. On March 5, 2018, we sold Corporate Pointe Business Park, a park consisting of five multi-tenant office buildings totaling 161,000 square feet located in Orange County, California, for net sale proceeds of $41.7 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $26.8 million. On April 18, 2018, we sold Orange County Business Center, a park consisting of five multi-tenant office buildings totaling 437,000 square feet located in Orange County, California, for 23 net sale proceeds of $73.3 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $50.6 million. On April 30, 2018, we sold Northgate Business Park, a park consisting of seven multi-tenant flex buildings totaling 194,000 square feet located in Dallas, Texas, for net sale proceeds of $11.8 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $7.9 million. On October 31, 2018, we sold Orangewood Office Park, a park consisting of two multi-tenant office buildings totaling 107,000 square feet located in Orange County, California, for net sale proceeds of $18.3 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $8.2 million. The operations of these facilities are presented below under “assets sold.” Certain Factors that May Impact Future Results Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic: During 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in cessation, severe curtailment, or impairment of business activities in most sectors of the economy in all markets we operate in, due to governmental “stay at home” orders, risk mitigation procedures, and closure of businesses not considered to be “essential.” This resulted in a rapid and dramatic increase in unemployment in the U.S. in the second quarter of 2020, with only a partial recovery by year end. Since it remains unknown at this time how long the COVID-19 pandemic will continue, we cannot estimate how long these negative economic impacts will persist. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a severe negative impact on many of our customers’ businesses. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company granted rent relief to 393 customers (representing 11.0% of total customers based on rental income), including $5.7 million of rent deferrals, of which $3.1 million had been repaid by December 31, 2020, and $1.3 million of rent abatements. The Company also wrote off accounts receivable and deferred rent receivable of $1.6 million and $3.1 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to $1.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2019. The table below represents percentages of billed revenue that the Company has collected, deferred, and abated/written-off, by product type, for the respective periods presented (percentages shown are all as of December 31, 2020): Q4 2020 Industrial Flex Office Total FY 2020 Industrial Flex Office Total Collected Outstanding Deferred Abated/Written-off Percentage of Rent 98% 98% 99% 98% 97% 98% 99% 97% 2% 2% 1% 2% 0% 1% 0% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2% 1% 1% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 0% 0% 1% As of February 19, 2021, the Company had open rent relief requests from approximately 1% of customers. It is possible that additional rent relief requests will arise in future months as a result of continued effects of the COVID- 19 pandemic and related responses from state and local governments; however the timing and magnitude of such future requests cannot be easily predicted due to the inherent uncertainty of the virus and its varying regional effects. All rent relief requests to date have been, and all future rent relief requests are expected to be evaluated on a case-by- case basis. To the extent we grant additional requests for abatement, or to the extent that our customers default on their lease obligations, it will have a negative effect on our future rental income and net income. Our ability to re-lease space as leases expire in a way that minimizes vacancy periods and maximizes market rental rates will depend upon market conditions in the specific submarkets in which each of our properties are located. Due to the uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on the Company’s future ability to grow or maintain existing occupancy levels, possible decreases in rental rates on new and renewal transactions, and the potential negative effect of additional rent deferrals, rent abatements, and customer defaults, we believe the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to have adverse effects on rental income for 2021 and possibly beyond. 24 Impact of Inflation: Although inflation has not been significant in recent years, an increase in inflation could impact our future results, and the Company continues to seek ways to mitigate its potential impact. A substantial portion of the Company’s leases require customers to pay operating expenses, including real estate taxes, utilities and insurance, as well as increases in common area expenses, partially reducing the Company’s exposure to inflation during each lease’s respective lease period. Regional Concentration: Our portfolio is concentrated in eight regions, in six states. We have chosen to concentrate in these regions because we believe they have characteristics which enable them to be competitive economically, such as above average population growth, job growth, higher education levels and personal income. Changes in economic conditions in these regions in the future could impact our future results. Industry and Customer Concentrations: We seek to minimize the risk of industry or customer concentrations. As of December 31, 2020, only three industry concentrations represented more than 10% of our annualized rental income as depicted in the following table. Industry Business services Warehouse, distribution, transportation and logistics Computer hardware, software and related services Retail, food, and automotive Engineering and construction Health services Government Electronics Insurance and financial services Home furnishings Communications Aerospace/defense products and services Educational services Other Total Percent of Annualized Rental Income 19.8% 12.9% 11.1% 8.9% 8.3% 7.6% 6.6% 3.1% 2.6% 2.6% 1.8% 1.8% 1.0% 11.9% 100.0% As of December 31, 2020, leases from our top 10 customers comprised 11.4% of our annualized rental income with four customers representing more than 1% as depicted in the following table (in thousands). Customers U.S. Government Amazon Inc. KZ Kitchen Cabinet & Stone Luminex Corporation ECS Federal, LLC Lockheed Martin Corporation Carbel, LLC CentralColo, LLC Applied Materials, Inc. Costco Total ____________________________ Square Footage Annualized Rental Income (1) 657,000 543,000 343,000 198,000 142,000 124,000 236,000 96,000 162,000 180,000 2,681,000 $ $ Percent of Annualized Rental Income 3.8% 1.6% 1.3% 1.1% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.5% 11.4% 15,832 6,632 5,321 4,472 2,938 2,671 2,502 2,402 2,401 1,933 47,104 (1) For leases expiring prior to December 31, 2021, annualized rental income represents income to be received under existing leases from January 1, 2021 through the date of expiration. Customer Credit Risk: Historically we have experienced a low level of write-offs of uncollectible rents, with less than 0.4% of rental income written off in any single year from 2011-2019. The negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on our customers’ ability to pay rent resulted in accounts receivable write-offs of $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, which equates to 0.4% of rental income, which is at the high end of the historical range noted above. The majority of write-offs occurred in the second quarter near the initial onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, and in the third and fourth quarters of 2020 account receivable write-off volume was in-line 25 with historic levels. During the three months ended December 31, 2020, we wrote-off $0.2 million of accounts receivable, which is consistent with the $0.2 million written-off during the three months ended December 31, 2019. The Company writes off deferred rent receivable balances as a reduction to rental income in the period such balances are no longer deemed probable of being collected. In the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company wrote- off $3.1 million of deferred rent receivable, which is well above the amount written-off for the year ended December 31, 2019 of $0.5 million. Similar to accounts receivable write-offs, the majority of deferred rent receivable write-offs in 2020 were recognized in the second quarter. During the three months ended December 31, 2020, we wrote-off deferred rent receivables of $0.4 million, which is slightly above the $0.1 million written-off during the three months ended December 31, 2019. For the three months ended December 31, 2020, we agreed to defer and abate a total of $0.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively, to customers whose businesses were disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, well below amounts granted in the second and third quarters. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company granted $5.7 million of rent deferrals and $1.3 million of rent abatements. We are closely monitoring the collectability of such deferred rents. As of February 19, 2021, the Company had collected $3.7 million, or 97.1%, of the scheduled repayments of COVID-19 related rent deferrals billed through February 1, 2021. As of February 19, 2021, we had 51,000 square feet of leased space occupied by three customers that are protected by Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, which have an aggregate remaining lease value of $1.8 million. From time to time, customers contact us, requesting early termination of their lease, reductions in space leased, or rent deferment or abatement, which we are not obligated to grant but will consider and grant under certain circumstances. Net Operating Income We utilize net operating income (“NOI”), a measure that is not defined in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), to evaluate the operating performance of our real estate. We define NOI as rental income less Adjusted Cost of Operations. Adjusted cost of operations represents cost of operations, excluding stock compensation, which can vary significantly period to period based upon the performance of the Company. We believe NOI assists investors in analyzing the performance of our real estate by excluding (i) corporate overhead (i.e., general and administrative expense) because it does not relate to the direct operating performance of our real estate, (ii) depreciation and amortization expense because it does not accurately reflect changes in the fair value of our real estate and (iii) stock compensation expense because this expense item can vary significantly from period to period and thus impact comparability across periods. The Company’s calculation of NOI may not be comparable to those of other companies and should not be used as an alternative to performance measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. See “Analysis of net income” below for reconciliations of each of these measures to their closest analogous GAAP measure from our consolidated statements of income. Results of Operations Operating Results for 2020 and 2019 For the year ended December 31, 2020, net income allocable to common shareholders was $124.6 million or $4.52 per diluted share, compared to $108.7 million or $3.95 per diluted share for the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase was mainly due to higher gain on sale of real estate facilities sold in 2020 than 2019, a charge related to the redemption of preferred stock incurred in 2019 that did not reoccur in 2020, lower preferred distributions in 2020 compared to 2019, and increased NOI from our Non-Same Park portfolio (defined below), partially offset by a decrease in NOI generated from assets sold. Operating Results for 2019 and 2018 For the year ended December 31, 2019, net income allocable to common shareholders was $108.7 million or $3.95 per diluted share, compared to $172.9 million or $6.31 per diluted share for the year ended December 31, 2018. The decrease was mainly due to higher gain on sale of real estate facilities sold in 2018 than 2019, a charge related to the redemption of preferred stock incurred in 2019 that did not occur in 2018, and reduced NOI from facilities sold in 2018 and 2019, partially offset by an increase in NOI with respect to the Company’s Same Park (defined below) and Non-Same Park portfolios and multifamily asset. 26 Analysis of Net Income Our net income is comprised primarily of our real estate operations, depreciation and amortization expense, general and administrative expense, interest and other income, interest and other expenses and gain on sale of real estate facilities. We segregate our real estate activities into (i) same park operations, representing all operating properties acquired prior to January 1, 2018, comprising 25.7 million rentable square feet of our total 27.7 million of rentable square feet at December 31, 2020 (the “Same Park” portfolio), (ii) non-same park operations, representing those facilities we own that were acquired after January 1, 2018 (the “Non-Same Park” portfolio), (iii) multifamily operations, and (iv) assets sold, including 899,000 square feet of assets sold in 2018, 1.3 million square feet of assets sold in October 2019, 113,000 square feet of assets sold in January 2020, and 40,000 square feet of assets sold in September 2020. The table below sets forth the various components of our net income (in thousands): Rental income Same Park (1) Non-Same Park Multifamily Assets sold (2) Total rental income Cost of operations Adjusted Cost of Operations (3) Same Park Non-Same Park Multifamily Assets sold (2) Stock compensation expense (4) Total cost of operations NOI (5) Same Park Non-Same Park Multifamily Assets sold (2) Stock compensation expense (4) Depreciation and amortization expense General and administrative expense Interest and other income Interest and other expense Gain on sale of real estate facilities Net income ____________________________ For the Years Ended December 31, 2020 2019 Variance For the Years Ended December 31, 2018 2019 Variance $ 383,364 $ 22,109 9,464 686 415,623 381,950 $ 14,276 10,075 23,545 429,846 1,414 $ 7,833 (611) (22,859) (14,223) 381,950 $ 364,020 $ 14,276 10,075 23,545 429,846 5,532 7,353 36,611 413,516 17,930 8,744 2,722 (13,066) 16,330 112,569 7,327 4,264 143 1,210 125,513 109,559 4,899 4,137 8,614 1,134 128,343 3,010 2,428 127 (8,471) 76 (2,830) 109,559 4,899 4,137 8,614 1,134 128,343 104,227 1,884 4,054 13,019 1,446 124,630 5,332 3,015 83 (4,405) (312) 3,713 270,795 14,782 5,200 543 (1,210) (96,314) (14,526) 1,234 (1,072) 27,273 $ 206,705 $ 272,391 9,377 5,938 14,931 (1,134) (104,249) (13,761) 4,492 (657) 16,644 203,972 $ (1,596) 5,405 (738) (14,388) (76) 7,935 (765) (3,258) (415) 10,629 2,733 $ 12,598 259,793 272,391 9,377 5,729 3,648 5,938 2,639 3,299 14,931 (8,661) 23,592 (1,134) 312 (1,446) (99,242) (104,249) (5,007) (12,072) (13,761) (1,689) 1,510 4,492 2,982 (665) (657) 8 93,484 16,644 (76,840) 203,972 $ 271,901 $ (67,929) (1) Included in the calculation of Same Park rental income are (a) lease buyout income of $1.2 million, $1.4 million, and $0.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, (b) accounts receivable write-offs of $1.5 million, $1.0 million, and $0.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, and (c) deferred rent receivable write-offs of $3.0 million, $0.5 million, and $0.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. (2) Amounts for the year ended December 31, 2020 reflect the operating results attributable to two industrial buildings totaling 40,000 square feet sold in September 2020 and a 113,000 square foot asset sold in January 2020; amounts for the year ended December 31, 2019 reflect the operating results attributable to the two industrial buildings totaling 40,000 square feet and the 113,000 square foot asset sold in 2020, and 1.3 million square feet of flex and office assets sold in October 2019; amounts for the year ended December 31, 2018 reflect the operating results attributable to the two industrial buildings totaling 40,000 square feet and the 113,000 square foot asset sold in 2020, 1.3 million square feet of assets sold in 2019, and 899,000 square feet of assets sold in 2018. (3) Adjusted Cost of Operations excludes the impact of stock compensation expense. (4) Stock compensation expense, as shown here, represents stock compensation expense for employees whose compensation expense is recorded in cost of operations. Note that stock compensation expense attributable to our executive management 27 team (including divisional vice presidents) and other corporate employees is recorded within general and administrative expense. (5) NOI represents rental income less Adjusted Cost of Operations. Rental income decreased $14.2 million in 2020 compared to 2019 and increased $16.3 million in 2019 compared to 2018. The decrease in 2020 was due primarily to reduced rental income from assets sold, partially offset by an increase in rental income from our Non-Same Park and Same Park portfolios. The increase in 2019 was due primarily to increases in rental income at our Same Park portfolio, Non-Same Park portfolio, and our multifamily asset, offset partially by rental income from assets sold. Cost of operations decreased $2.8 million in 2020 compared to 2019 and increased $3.7 million in 2019 compared to 2018. The decrease in 2020 was due primarily to reduced operating expenses from assets sold partially offset by higher Adjusted Cost of Operations incurred by our Same Park portfolio, and higher Adjusted Costs of Operations incurred by our Non-Same Park portfolio. The increase in 2019 was due primarily to increases in Adjusted Cost of Operations for our Same Park and Non-Same Park portfolios, offset partially by reduced operating expenses from assets sold. Net income increased $2.7 million in 2020 compared to 2019 and decreased $67.9 million in 2019 compared to 2018. The increase in 2020 was mainly due to higher gain on sale of real estate facilities sold in 2020 than 2019 combined with lower depreciation and amortization expense partially offset by lower NOI and lower interest and other income. The decrease in 2019 was mainly due to higher gain on sale of real estate facilities sold in 2018 than 2019 combined with higher depreciation and amortization expense and higher general and administrative expense partially offset by higher NOI. Same Park Portfolio We believe that evaluation of the Same Park portfolio provides an informative view of how the Company’s portfolio has performed over comparable periods. We believe that investors and analysts use Same Park information in a similar manner. The following table summarizes the historical operating results of our Same Park portfolio and certain statistical information related to leasing activity in 2020, 2019, and 2018 (in thousands, except per square foot data): Rental income (1) Adjusted Cost of Operations (2) Property taxes Utilities Repairs and maintenance Payroll Snow removal Property insurance Other expenses Total Adjusted Cost of Operations For the Years Ended December 31, 2020 383,364 $ 2019 381,950 $ For the Years Ended December 31, Variance 2019 2018 0.4% $ 381,950 $ 364,020 Variance 4.9% 42,360 18,835 24,495 15,981 274 4,082 6,542 112,569 40,016 19,493 23,489 15,197 1,046 3,371 6,947 109,559 5.9% (3.4%) 4.3% 5.2% (73.8%) 21.1% (5.8%) 2.7% 40,016 19,493 23,489 15,197 1,046 3,371 6,947 109,559 38,028 19,502 21,670 14,522 713 2,964 6,828 104,227 5.2% (0.0%) 8.4% 4.6% 46.7% 13.7% 1.7% 5.1% NOI $ 270,795 $ 272,391 (0.6%) $ 272,391 $ 259,793 4.8% Selected Statistical Data NOI margin (3) Weighted average square foot occupancy Revenue per occupied square foot (4) Revenue per available foot (RevPAF) (5) ____________________________ 70.6% 92.4% 16.17 $ 14.94 $ 71.3% 94.5% 15.75 14.89 $ $ (1.0%) (2.2%) 2.7% $ 0.3% $ 71.3% 94.5% 15.75 $ 14.89 $ 71.4% 94.8% 14.96 14.19 (0.1%) (0.3%) 5.3% 4.9% (1) Included in the calculation of Same Park rental income are (a) lease buyout income of $1.2 million, $1.4 million, and $0.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, (b) accounts receivable write-offs of $1.5 million, $1.0 million, and $0.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 , and 2018, respectively, and (c) deferred rent receivable write-offs of $3.0 million, $0.5 million, and $0.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. (2) Adjusted Cost of Operations excludes the impact of stock compensation expense. (3) NOI margin is computed by dividing NOI by rental income. 28 (4) Revenue per occupied square foot is computed by dividing rental income for the period by weighted average occupied square feet for the same period. (5) Revenue per Available Square Foot (RevPAF) is computed by dividing rental income for the period by weighted average available square feet for the same period. Analysis of Same Park Rental Income Rental income for our Same Park portfolio increased 0.4% in 2020 compared to 2019 and 4.9% in 2019 compared to 2018. The increase in 2020 was due primarily to higher rental rates charged to customers, as revenue per occupied square foot increased 2.7%, partially offset by a 2.2% decrease in weighted average occupancy in 2020 compared to 2019, rent deferrals and abatements granted in 2020, and higher write-offs of accounts receivable and deferred rent receivable in 2020. The increase in 2019 was due primarily to higher rental rates, as revenue per occupied square foot increased 5.3%, partially offset by a 0.3% decrease in weighted average occupancy in 2019 compared to 2018. The following table details the change in Same Park rental income for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands): $ Rental income Base rental income Expense recovery income Lease buyout income Rent receivable write-off Abatements Deferrals, net of repayments Fee Income Non-Cash Rental Income (1) Total rental income $ ____________________________ For The Years Ended December 31, 2019 2020 Change For The Years Ended December 31, 2018 2019 Change 292,729 $ 90,225 1,199 (1,461) (1,300) (2,356) 911 3,417 383,364 $ 289,361 $ 88,523 1,373 (1,033) — — 1,271 $ 3,368 1,702 (174) (428) (1,300) (2,356) (360) $ 289,361 88,523 1,373 (1,033) — — 1,271 274,935 $ 84,261 583 (814) — — 1,274 2,455 381,950 $ 962 1,414 $ 2,455 381,950 $ 3,781 364,020 $ 14,426 4,262 790 (219) — — (3) (1,326) 17,930 (1) Non-cash rental income includes amortization of deferred rent receivable (net of write-offs), in-place lease intangible, tenant improvement reimbursement, and lease incentive intangible. Our future revenue growth will come primarily from contractual rental increases as well as from potential increases in market rents allowing us to increase rent levels when leases are either renewed with existing customers or re-leased to new customers. The following table sets forth the expirations of existing leases in our Same Park portfolio over the next 10 years based on lease data at December 31, 2020 (dollars and square feet in thousands): Percent of Rentable Square Percent of Number of Footage Subject to Total Leased Income Under Square Footage Expiring Leases Year of Lease Expiration Customers Expiring Leases 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 Thereafter Total 1,990 1,305 711 335 210 43 24 10 11 13 4 4,656 5,352 5,518 4,529 3,054 2,567 1,111 284 526 290 550 32 23,813 Annualized Rental Annualized Rental Income Represented by Expiring Leases 22.0% 23.5% 18.2% 13.0% 10.8% 4.9% 1.3% 2.1% 1.7% 2.3% 0.2% 100.0% 93,128 99,114 76,791 54,835 45,622 20,557 5,762 8,964 7,066 9,744 899 422,482 22.5% $ 23.2% 19.0% 12.8% 10.8% 4.7% 1.2% 2.2% 1.2% 2.3% 0.1% 100.0% $ See “Analysis of Same Park Market Trends” below for further analysis of such data on a by market basis. 29 Analysis of Same Park Adjusted Cost of Operations Adjusted Cost of Operations for our Same Park portfolio increased 2.7% in 2020 compared to 2019 due primarily to higher property taxes, higher repairs and maintenance, higher payroll costs, and higher insurance costs, partially offset by lower utility costs and savings from snow removal costs. Adjusted Costs of Operations increased 5.1% in 2019 compared to 2018 due to higher property tax expense, higher repairs and maintenance costs, higher payroll expense, higher insurance costs, and an increase in snow removal costs. Property taxes increased 5.9% in 2020 compared to 2019 and 5.2% in 2019 compared to 2018 due to higher assessed values. We expect potential property tax growth in the future due to higher assessed values. Utilities are dependent upon energy prices and usage levels. Changes in usage levels are driven primarily by weather and temperature. Utilities decreased 3.4% in 2020 compared to 2019 and remained flat in 2019 compared to 2018. The decrease in 2020 was due primarily to a rate reduction related to adopting a renewable energy program during the year as well as reduced water and electricity usage due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It is difficult to estimate future utility costs because weather, temperature and energy prices are volatile and not readily predictable. However, we expect utility costs in the future to be higher than our results for year ended December 31, 2020 due to increased traffic and use at our parks as our customers resume operations. Repairs and maintenance increased 4.3% in 2020 compared to 2019 and 8.4% in 2019 compared to 2018. The increase in 2020 was primarily due to increased property services combined with higher landscaping repairs and security costs incurred partially offset by a reduction in general repairs and maintenance projects as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The increase in 2019 resulted from higher roof and landscaping repairs compared to 2018. Repairs and maintenance costs are dependent upon many factors including weather conditions, which can impact repair and maintenance needs, inflation in material and labor costs and random events, and as a result are not readily predictable. However, we expect repairs and maintenance costs in the future to be higher than our results for the year ended December 31, 2020 as a result of increased traffic and use at our parks as customers resume operations. Payroll expense increased 5.2% in 2020 compared to 2019 and 4.6% in 2019 compared to 2018. Payroll expense includes on site and supervisory personnel costs incurred in the operation of our properties. The increases in payroll was primarily due to salary increases and promotions. We expect payroll expenses to increase in the future at a similar rate. Snow removal decreased 73.8% in 2020 compared to 2019 and increased 46.7% in 2019 compared to 2018. Snow removal costs are weather dependent and therefore not predictable. Property insurance expense increased 21.1% in 2020 compared to 2019 and 13.7% in 2019 compared to 2018 primarily due to an increase in our property insurance premium for the policy period June 2019 to May 2020 and a further increase for the policy period June 2020 to May 2021. We expect to experience increases in property insurance expense in the future as unfavorable market conditions pervasive throughout commercial real estate sectors persist. Other expenses decreased 5.8% in 2020 compared to 2019 and increased 1.7% in 2019 compared to 2018. Other expenses are general property expenses incurred in the operation of our properties. The decrease in 2020 was primarily due to higher than average professional fees related to ordinary course tenant related matters incurred in 2019, which did not recur in 2020. This was also the primary reason for the increase in 2019 compared to 2018. We expect other expenses to be comparable to our results for the year ended December 31, 2020. 30 Same Park Quarterly Trends The following table sets forth historical quarterly data related to the operations of our Same Park portfolio for rental income, Adjusted Cost of Operations, weighted average occupancy, annualized revenue per occupied square foot, and RevPAF (in thousands, except per square foot data): Rental income (1) 2020 2019 2018 Adjusted Cost of Operations (2) 2020 2019 2018 NOI (3) 2020 2019 2018 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Weighted average square foot occupancy 2020 2019 2018 Revenue per occupied square foot (4) 2020 2019 2018 RevPAF (5) 2020 2019 2018 ____________________________ $ $ $ $ $ $ For the Three Months Ended March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 Full Year 97,735 94,604 90,634 28,134 28,143 26,918 69,601 66,461 63,716 92.9% 94.7% 94.4% 16.40 15.57 14.96 15.24 14.75 14.13 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 92,657 94,794 90,786 26,997 26,683 26,093 65,660 68,111 64,693 92.4% 94.2% 94.5% 15.64 15.68 14.98 14.45 14.78 14.15 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 96,399 95,137 91,240 28,903 27,452 25,998 67,496 67,685 65,242 92.3% 94.7% 95.1% 16.29 15.66 14.96 15.03 14.83 14.23 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 96,573 97,415 91,360 28,535 27,281 25,218 68,038 70,134 66,142 92.0% 94.4% 95.4% 16.37 16.09 14.93 15.06 15.19 14.24 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 383,364 381,950 364,020 112,569 109,559 104,227 270,795 272,391 259,793 92.4% 94.5% 94.8% 16.17 15.75 14.96 14.94 14.89 14.19 (1) Included in the calculation of Same Park rental income are (a) lease buyout income of $0.1 million, $0.1 million, $0.2 million, $0.1 million, $0.2 million, $0.8 million, $0.2 million, $0.2 million, $0.3 million, $0.3 million, $0.3 million, and $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, June 30, 2018, September 30, 2018, December 31, 2018, March 31, 2019, June 30, 2019, September 30, 2019, December 31, 2019, March 31, 2020, June 30, 2020, September 30, 2020, and December 31, 2020, respectively, (b) accounts receivable write-offs of $0.2 million, $0.1 million, $0.2 million, $0.3 million, $0.2 million, $0.3 million, $0.3 million, $0.2 million, $0.1 million, $1.1 million, $0.2 million, and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, June 30, 2018, September 30, 2018, December 31, 2018, March 31, 2019, June 30, 2019, September 30, 2019, December 31, 2019, March 31, 2020, June 30, 2020, September 30, 2020, and December 31, 2020, respectively, and (c) deferred rent receivable write-offs of $0.1 million, $0, $0, $0.1 million, $0.1 million, $0.1 million, $0.1 million, $0.1 million, $0, $2.3 million, $0.3 million, and $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, June 30, 2018, September 30, 2018, December 31, 2018, March 31, 2019, June 30, 2019, September 30, 2019, December 31, 2019, March 31, 2020, June 30, 2020, September 30, 2020, and December 31, 2020, respectively. (2) Adjusted Cost of Operations excludes stock compensation expense for employees whose compensation expense is recorded in cost of operations, which can vary significantly period to period based upon the performance of the Company. (3) NOI represents rental income less Adjusted Cost of Operations. (4) Revenue per occupied square foot is computed by dividing rental income for the period by weighted average occupied square feet for the same period. (5) RevPAF is computed by dividing rental income for the period by weighted average available square feet for the same period. 31 Analysis of Same Park Market Trends The following tables set forth historical data by region related to the operations of our Same Park portfolio for rental income, Adjusted Cost of Operations, weighted average occupancy, annualized revenue per occupied square foot, and RevPAF (in thousands, except per square foot data): Region Geographic Data on Same Park Rental income Northern California (7.2 million feet) Southern California (3.3 million feet) Dallas (2.9 million feet) Austin (2.0 million feet) Northern Virginia (3.9 million feet) South Florida (3.9 million feet) Seattle (1.4 million feet) Suburban Maryland (1.1 million feet) Total Same Park (25.7 million feet) Adjusted Cost of Operations Northern California Southern California Dallas Austin Northern Virginia South Florida Seattle Suburban Maryland Total Same Park NOI Northern California Southern California Dallas Austin Northern Virginia South Florida Seattle Suburban Maryland Total Same Park Weighted average square foot occupancy Northern California Southern California Dallas Austin Northern Virginia South Florida Seattle Suburban Maryland Total Same Park Revenue per occupied square foot (1) Northern California Southern California Dallas Austin Northern Virginia South Florida Seattle Suburban Maryland Total Same Park For the Years Ended December 31, 2019 2020 Variance For the Years Ended December 31, 2019 2018 Variance $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 108,007 54,810 32,502 33,285 71,901 43,979 19,223 19,657 383,364 25,123 14,593 11,703 12,041 24,621 12,469 5,051 6,968 112,569 82,884 40,217 20,799 21,244 47,280 31,510 14,172 12,689 270,795 91.3% 94.9% 88.0% 94.9% 92.7% 93.5% 95.6% 89.5% 92.4% 16.33 17.60 12.78 17.87 19.80 12.16 19.12 14.89 16.17 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 108,046 55,080 33,789 30,679 73,734 43,601 17,145 19,876 381,950 24,313 14,215 11,488 10,843 25,488 11,977 4,109 7,126 109,559 83,733 40,865 22,301 19,836 48,246 31,624 13,036 12,750 272,391 96.1% 95.0% 92.4% 91.8% 94.1% 95.4% 96.0% 89.3% 94.5% 15.52 17.67 12.66 17.02 20.01 11.82 13.22 19.39 15.75 (0.0%) (0.5%) (3.8%) 8.5% (2.5%) 0.9% 12.1% (1.1%) 0.4% 3.3% 2.7% 1.9% 11.0% (3.4%) 4.1% 22.9% (2.2%) 2.7% (1.0%) (1.6%) (6.7%) 7.1% (2.0%) (0.4%) 8.7% (0.5%) (0.6%) (5.0%) (0.1%) (4.8%) 3.4% (1.5%) (2.0%) (0.4%) 0.2% (2.2%) 5.2% (0.4%) 0.9% 5.0% (1.0%) 2.9% 44.6% (23.2%) 2.7% $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 108,046 55,080 33,789 30,679 73,734 43,601 17,145 19,876 381,950 24,313 14,215 11,488 10,843 25,488 11,977 4,109 7,126 109,559 83,733 40,865 22,301 19,836 48,246 31,624 13,036 12,750 272,391 96.1% 95.0% 92.4% 91.8% 94.1% 95.4% 96.0% 89.3% 94.5% 15.52 17.67 12.66 17.02 20.01 11.82 13.22 19.39 15.75 $ 99,610 52,873 30,899 29,608 73,818 41,824 16,413 18,975 364,020 22,653 13,349 10,896 10,352 25,128 10,733 4,127 6,989 104,227 76,957 39,524 20,003 19,256 48,690 31,091 12,286 11,986 259,793 97.8% 97.6% 89.7% 92.5% 92.8% 96.4% 98.2% 83.1% 94.8% 14.06 16.50 11.92 16.29 20.31 11.23 12.39 19.89 14.96 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 8.5% 4.2% 9.4% 3.6% (0.1%) 4.2% 4.5% 4.7% 4.9% 7.3% 6.5% 5.4% 4.7% 1.4% 11.6% (0.4%) 2.0% 5.1% 8.8% 3.4% 11.5% 3.0% (0.9%) 1.7% 6.1% 6.4% 4.8% (1.7%) (2.7%) 3.0% (0.8%) 1.4% (1.0%) (2.2%) 7.5% (0.3%) 10.4% 7.1% 6.2% 4.5% (1.5%) 5.3% 6.7% (2.5%) 5.3% RevPAF (2) Northern California Southern California Dallas Austin Northern Virginia South Florida Seattle Suburban Maryland Total Same Park ____________________________ (1) Revenue per occupied square foot is computed by dividing rental income for the period by weighted average occupied square feet for the — (0.5%) (3.8%) 8.5% (2.4%) 0.9% 12.1% (1.1%) 0.3% 8.4% 4.2% 9.3% 3.6% (0.2%) 4.3% 4.4% 4.8% 4.9% 13.75 16.11 10.70 15.08 18.85 10.82 12.16 16.57 14.19 14.91 16.70 11.26 16.96 18.36 11.38 14.24 17.17 14.94 14.91 16.78 11.70 15.63 18.82 11.28 12.70 17.36 14.89 14.91 16.78 11.70 15.63 18.82 11.28 12.70 17.36 14.89 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ same period. (2) RevPAF is computed by dividing rental income for the period by weighted average available square feet for the same period. 32 $ 7 4 4 , 1 1 $ $ 6 4 0 , 8 0 1 $ 7 5 1 , 2 1 $ $ 7 0 0 , 8 0 1 $ 4 9 9 , 1 1 $ s d n a s u o h t n I 8 1 0 2 , 1 3 r e b m e c e D d e d n E r a e Y e h t r o F 9 1 0 2 , 1 3 r e b m e c e D d e d n E r a e Y e h t r o F 0 2 0 2 , 1 3 r e b m e c e D d e d n E r a e Y e h t r o F l a t o T e c i f f O x e l F l a i r t s u d n I l a t o T e c i f f O x e l F l a i r t s u d n I l a t o T e c i f f O x e l F l a i r t s u d n I , l a i r t s u d n i y b d e t a g e r g e s r e h t r u f , n o i g e r y b I O N d n a s n o i t a r e p O f o t s o C d e t s u j d A , e m o c n i l a t n e r k r a P e m a S r u o f o l i a t e d r e h t r u f e d i v o r p s e l b a t l a t n e m e l p p u s g n i w o l l o f e h T . 8 1 0 2 d n a , 9 1 0 2 , 0 2 0 2 , 1 3 r e b m e c e D d e d n e s r a e y e e r h t e h t f o h c a e r o f e c i f f o d n a , x e l f e p y T t c u d o r P y b a t a D k r a P e m a S l a t n e m e l p p u S 0 1 6 , 9 9 3 7 8 , 2 5 9 9 8 , 0 3 8 0 6 , 9 2 8 1 8 , 3 7 4 2 8 , 1 4 3 1 4 , 6 1 5 7 9 , 8 1 0 2 0 , 4 6 3 3 5 6 , 2 2 9 4 3 , 3 1 6 9 8 , 0 1 2 5 3 , 0 1 8 2 1 , 5 2 3 3 7 , 0 1 7 2 1 , 4 9 8 9 , 6 7 2 2 , 4 0 1 7 5 9 , 6 7 4 2 5 , 9 3 3 0 0 , 0 2 6 5 2 , 9 1 0 9 6 , 8 4 1 9 0 , 1 3 6 8 2 , 2 1 6 8 9 , 1 1 3 9 7 , 9 5 2 $ — — 7 4 6 3 8 7 2 7 3 1 7 , 1 4 1 1 5 , 4 1 8 2 1 , 9 6 — — 7 6 2 4 3 9 , 2 6 1 8 , 5 1 2 6 2 2 2 0 4 6 , 5 1 4 9 , 4 2 — — 0 8 3 3 1 5 , 8 7 9 8 , 5 2 1 2 5 0 5 1 7 8 , 8 7 8 1 , 4 4 2 4 4 , 9 4 5 9 , 7 1 3 3 3 , 9 1 5 4 7 , 1 2 5 5 7 , 4 2 1 3 9 , 1 3 0 0 , 6 — $ 1 2 7 , 8 7 2 7 2 , 4 3 6 6 5 , 1 1 3 6 8 , 7 0 5 3 , 7 0 1 8 , 9 3 3 8 6 , 9 4 6 4 , 4 0 8 0 , 5 5 9 8 7 , 3 3 9 7 6 , 0 3 4 3 7 , 3 7 1 0 6 , 3 4 5 4 1 , 7 1 6 7 8 , 9 1 3 6 1 , 1 0 1 9 2 7 , 3 9 1 0 5 9 , 1 8 3 2 1 5 , 2 5 8 6 , 4 0 3 2 , 7 5 1 7 , 7 4 1 3 , 7 9 0 5 6 4 4 , 1 — 1 1 4 , 1 3 0 3 9 , 6 9 6 2 , 3 1 3 0 1 , 2 1 0 3 0 , 4 1 1 4 4 , 7 1 2 2 4 , 1 7 5 5 , 4 — 7 9 3 , 8 6 6 6 , 3 7 3 6 , 2 8 9 9 , 1 7 0 2 , 7 1 9 5 4 , 2 9 4 3 , 1 2 6 1 , 0 1 5 7 8 , 7 4 4 1 5 , 1 6 5 7 8 , 5 2 0 0 9 , 7 6 2 2 , 5 2 5 3 , 5 4 2 2 , 7 5 1 1 , 3 8 4 6 , 9 2 3 1 3 , 4 2 5 1 2 , 4 1 8 8 4 , 1 1 3 4 8 , 0 1 8 8 4 , 5 2 7 7 9 , 1 1 9 0 1 , 4 6 2 1 , 7 9 5 5 , 9 0 1 3 3 7 , 3 8 5 6 8 , 0 4 1 0 3 , 2 2 6 3 8 , 9 1 6 4 2 , 8 4 4 2 6 , 1 3 6 3 0 , 3 1 0 5 7 , 2 1 $ 2 5 7 , 9 6 $ 4 5 8 , 5 4 1 $ 1 9 3 , 2 7 2 $ — — 1 6 7 2 4 1 6 2 7 6 4 6 , 1 4 0 8 4 , 5 1 2 1 9 , 0 7 — — 3 8 2 5 8 1 , 3 7 2 8 , 5 1 3 1 1 0 0 2 9 9 6 , 5 7 0 3 , 5 2 — — 8 7 4 2 7 9 , 8 9 1 8 , 5 2 9 2 6 2 5 1 8 7 , 9 5 0 6 , 5 4 — — 0 1 8 9 3 1 6 9 5 6 4 7 , 9 3 6 4 4 , 5 1 1 3 7 , 8 6 — — 4 4 3 9 0 1 , 3 3 5 8 , 4 1 7 6 4 2 2 7 3 5 , 5 4 3 1 , 4 2 — — 6 6 4 5 8 8 , 8 3 9 8 , 4 2 2 7 2 7 3 9 0 9 , 9 7 9 5 , 4 4 3 5 4 , 9 1 2 6 , 8 1 5 4 6 , 0 2 7 3 8 , 4 2 7 7 2 , 4 2 4 3 8 , 1 5 5 8 , 6 — $ 0 6 5 , 6 8 9 7 3 , 5 3 7 5 8 , 1 1 8 4 4 , 8 8 7 8 , 7 6 0 0 , 2 4 2 7 7 , 1 1 1 1 2 , 4 2 2 5 , 6 0 1 1 1 1 , 8 0 2 $ 2 7 6 , 2 6 9 1 , 5 8 1 8 , 7 9 1 0 , 9 0 5 6 , 7 2 6 5 5 3 6 , 1 — 2 5 5 , 4 3 1 8 7 , 6 5 2 4 , 3 1 7 2 8 , 2 1 8 1 8 , 5 1 7 2 6 , 6 1 2 7 2 , 1 0 2 2 , 5 — 3 5 0 , 9 5 8 8 , 3 2 2 0 , 3 8 1 1 , 2 2 4 3 , 9 1 2 9 1 , 3 1 3 4 , 1 0 4 8 , 1 1 3 8 8 , 3 5 8 1 2 , 7 6 6 2 3 , 6 2 2 7 9 , 7 6 2 4 , 5 0 6 7 , 5 0 8 5 , 8 0 8 7 , 2 6 6 1 , 0 3 $ 0 7 9 , 1 7 $ 8 2 2 , 4 5 1 $ : s n o i t a r e p O f o t s o C d e t s u j d A a i n r o f i l a C n r e h t r o N a i n r o f i l a C n r e h t u o S a i n r o f i l a C n r e h t r o N a i n r o f i l a C n r e h t u o S : e m o c n I l a t n e R s a l l a D n i t s u A a i n i g r i V n r e h t r o N a d i r o l F h t u o S e l t t a e S d n a l y r a M n a b r u b u S l a t o T a i n i g r i V n r e h t r o N a d i r o l F h t u o S e l t t a e S d n a l y r a M n a b r u b u S s a l l a D n i t s u A a i n r o f i l a C n r e h t r o N a i n r o f i l a C n r e h t u o S s a l l a D n i t s u A a i n i g r i V n r e h t r o N a d i r o l F h t u o S e l t t a e S d n a l y r a M n a b r u b u S l a t o T l a t o T : I O N 1 0 8 , 9 2 3 9 , 8 1 7 7 3 , 1 2 2 6 3 , 2 2 0 2 6 , 4 2 6 1 9 , 1 2 4 3 , 6 — $ 8 8 0 , 6 8 7 8 3 , 5 3 2 1 4 , 2 1 7 1 3 , 8 8 6 4 , 7 3 4 5 , 1 4 7 7 0 , 0 1 6 9 3 , 4 0 1 8 , 4 5 2 0 5 , 2 3 5 8 2 , 3 3 1 0 9 , 1 7 9 7 9 , 3 4 3 2 2 , 9 1 7 5 6 , 9 1 0 5 3 , 5 0 1 8 8 6 , 5 0 2 4 6 3 , 3 8 3 2 0 6 , 2 3 6 0 , 5 6 8 7 , 7 5 6 0 , 8 7 5 5 , 7 2 0 6 2 9 4 , 1 — 7 6 1 , 3 3 9 9 1 , 7 9 6 8 , 3 1 1 9 5 , 3 1 7 9 2 , 4 1 3 6 0 , 7 1 4 1 3 , 1 0 5 8 , 4 — 9 6 8 , 8 2 0 7 , 3 8 7 7 , 2 4 0 1 , 2 6 2 5 , 8 1 7 1 4 , 2 7 2 4 , 1 2 6 2 , 1 1 5 8 0 , 1 5 2 6 5 , 7 6 8 1 5 , 6 2 0 1 7 , 8 9 3 5 , 5 4 6 3 , 5 0 6 6 , 7 9 6 9 , 2 1 8 2 , 0 3 3 2 1 , 5 2 3 9 5 , 4 1 3 0 7 , 1 1 1 4 0 , 2 1 1 2 6 , 4 2 9 6 4 , 2 1 1 5 0 , 5 8 6 9 , 6 9 6 5 , 2 1 1 4 8 8 , 2 8 7 1 2 , 0 4 9 9 7 , 0 2 4 4 2 , 1 2 0 8 2 , 7 4 0 1 5 , 1 3 2 7 1 , 4 1 9 8 6 , 2 1 $ 3 8 1 , 2 7 $ 3 0 6 , 4 5 1 $ 5 9 7 , 0 7 2 $ 3 3 Our past revenue growth has come from contractual annual rent increases, as well as re-leasing of space at rates above outgoing rental rates. We believe the percentage difference between outgoing cash rent inclusive of estimated expense recoveries and incoming cash rent inclusive of estimated expense recoveries for leases executed (“Cash Rental Rate Change”) is useful in understanding trends in current market rates relative to our existing lease rates. The following table summarizes Cash Rental Rate Change and other key statistical information with respect to the Company’s leasing production for its Same Park portfolio for the year ended December 31, 2020 (square feet in thousands): Regions Northern California Southern California Dallas Austin Northern Virginia South Florida Seattle Suburban Maryland Total ____________________________ Square Footage Leased For the Year Ended December 31, 2020 Customer Retention Transaction Costs per Executed Foot Cash Rental Rate Change (1) 1,708 1,187 662 410 960 1,193 477 164 6,761 60.5% $ 69.4% $ 48.3% $ 75.3% $ 70.4% $ 58.7% $ 76.3% $ 48.5% $ 63.3% $ 2.60 2.13 2.72 4.10 5.35 1.02 0.78 6.77 2.70 11.5% 3.1% 1.4% 1.9% (1.5%) 3.0% 18.0% (0.5%) 5.0% (1) Cash Rental Rate Change is computed by taking the percentage difference between the incoming initial billed monthly cash rental rates inclusive of estimated expense recoveries (excluding the impact of certain items such as concessions or future escalators) on new leases or extensions executed in the period, and the outgoing monthly cash rental rates inclusive of estimated expense recoveries last billed on the previous lease for that space. Leases executed on spaces vacant for more than the preceding twelve months have been excluded from this measure. The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected occupancy levels across our portfolio. For the year ended December 31, 2020, weighted average occupancy was 92.4%, a decrease from weighted average occupancy of 94.5% for the year ended December 31, 2019. Weighted average cash rental rate growth on leases executed during the year ended December 31, 2020 was 5.0% while average net effective rent1 growth was 14.2%. Renewals of leases with existing customers represented 63.7% of our leasing activity for the year ended December 31, 2020. Average lease term of the leases executed during the year ended December 31, 2020 was 3.4 years, with associated average transaction costs (tenant improvements and leasing commissions) of $2.70 per square foot. For comparative purposes, average lease term and transaction costs on leases executed in the same period of 2019 were 4.2 years and $3.73 per square foot, respectively. Due to the uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on the Company’s future ability to increase or maintain existing occupancy levels, possible decreases in rental rates on new and renewal transactions, and the negative effect of additional rent deferrals, rent abatements, and customer defaults, we may continue to experience challenges growing Same Park rental income in the near future. Non-Same Park Portfolio: The table below reflects the assets comprising our Non-Same Park portfolio (in thousands): Acquired Property Pickett Industrial Park Purchase Square Occupancy at Occupancy at Feet Acquisition December 31, 2020 La Mirada Commerce Center San Tomas Business Center Hathaway Industrial Park Walnut Avenue Business Park April 2019 Northern Virginia and Fullerton June 2018 Location Date Acquired Alexandria, VA October 2020 January 2020 La Mirada, CA December 2019 Santa Clara, CA September 2019 Santa Fe Springs, CA Signal Hill, CA Lorton and Springfield, $ Price 46,582 13,513 16,787 104,330 13,824 246 73 79 543 74 100.0% 100.0% 95.6% 100.0% 98.4% Road Industrial Parks Total Acquired Property VA 143,766 $ 338,802 1,057 2,072 76.1% 87.5% 92.2% 91.9% 88.8% 95.6% 95.0% 92.2% 93.1% We believe that our management and operating infrastructure typically allows us to generate higher NOI from newly acquired real estate facilities than was achieved by previous owners. However, it can take 24 or more months for us to fully achieve higher NOI, and the ultimate levels of NOI to be achieved can be affected by changes in general economic conditions. Due to the uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on the Company’s ability to generate higher NOI from these newly acquired real estate facilities in the future, there can be no assurance that we will achieve our expectations with respect to newly acquired real estate facilities. _____________________________ 1Net effective rent represents average rental payments for the term of a lease on a straight-line basis in accordance with GAAP, excluding operating expense reimbursements. 34 Multifamily: As of December 31, 2020, we held a 95.0% controlling interest in a joint venture that owns Highgate at The Mile, a 395-unit apartment complex. The following table summarizes the historical operating results of Highgate at The Mile and certain statistical information (in thousands, except per unit data): Rental income Cost of operations NOI Selected Statistical Data For The Years Ended December 31, For The Years Ended December 31, 2020 $ 9,464 4,264 $ 5,200 2019 $ 10,075 4,137 5,938 $ Change (6.1%) 3.1% (12.4%) 2019 $ 10,075 4,137 5,938 $ 2018 $ 7,353 4,054 $ 3,299 Change 37.0% 2.0% 80.0% Weighted average square foot occupancy 92.9% 95.4% (2.6%) 95.4% 78.2% 22.0% Total costs (1) Physical occupancy Average rent per unit (2) ____________________________ As of December 31, 2020 $ 115,426 94.9% 2,048 $ (1) The project cost for Highgate at The Mile includes the underlying land at its assigned contribution value upon formation of the joint venture of $27.0 million, which includes unrealized land appreciation of $6.0 million that is not recorded on our balance sheet. (2) Average rent per unit is defined as the total potential monthly rental revenue (actual rent for occupied apartment units plus market rent for vacant apartment units) divided by the total number of rentable apartment units. The decrease in NOI in 2020 compared to 2019 was primarily due to a decline in occupancy and rental rates as result of the COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to accounts receivable write-offs of $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Physical occupancy at Highgate at The Mile had returned to 94.9% at December 31, 2020; however, due to the uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on the Company’s future ability to maintain existing occupancy levels and rental rates, we may continue to experience lower NOI levels in the near future. Assets Sold: These amounts include historical operating results with respect to properties that we sold. Amounts for the year ended December 31, 2020 reflect the operating results attributable to two industrial buildings totaling 40,000 square feet sold in September 2020 and a 113,000 square foot asset sold in January 2020; amounts for the year ended December 31, 2019 reflect the operating results attributable to the two industrial buildings totaling 40,000 square feet and the 113,000 square foot asset sold in 2020, and 1.3 million square feet of flex and office sold in October 2019; amounts for the year ended December 31, 2018 reflect the operating results attributable to the two industrial buildings totaling 40,000 square feet and the 113,000 square foot asset sold in 2020, 1.3 million square feet of flex and office sold in October 2019, and 899,000 square feet of assets sold in 2018. Depreciation and Amortization Expense: Depreciation and amortization expense decreased 7.6% in 2020 compared to 2019 and increased 5.0% in 2019 compared to 2018. The decrease in 2020 over 2019 was primarily due to acceleration of depreciation expense related to the building held for development in 2019, which is also the primary reason for the increase in 2019 over 2018. General and Administrative Expense: General and administrative expense primarily represents executive and other compensation, audit and tax fees, legal expenses and other costs associated with being a public company. General and administrative expense increased $0.8 million, or 5.6%, in 2020 compared to 2019 and $1.7 million, or 14.0%, in 2019 compared to 2018. The increase in 2020 over 2019 was primarily due to higher stock compensation expense due to accelerated stock compensation expense related to our President and CEO retiring in September 2020 (discussed below) and an increase in professional fees related to various corporate service projects. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in compensation expense related to our President and CEO’s retirement and stock compensation expense incurred during 2019 tied to a modification of the Director Retirement Plan which did not recur in 2020. In August 2020, the Company announced that Maria Hawthorne was retiring from her role as President and CEO effective September 1, 2020, and would continue to serve as a director of the Company. Due to Ms. Hawthorne’s continued service as a director of the Company, her unvested stock option and restricted stock units will continue to vest on their original vesting schedule in accordance with the Company’s 2012 Equity and Performance-Based Incentive Compensation Plan and related award agreements. For financial reporting purposes, the end of the service periods for these stock option and restricted stock unit grants have changed from the various respective vesting dates to September 1, 2020, the date of her retirement as President and CEO. Accordingly, all remaining stock compensation 35 expense for Ms. Hawthorne, which totaled $1.7 million, was amortized and included in general and administrative expense during year ended December 31, 2020. The increase in 2019 over 2018 was primarily due to an increase in stock compensation expense tied to a modification of the Director Retirement Plan during 2019 as well as an increase in compensation costs relating to the chief financial officer who started during the latter half of 2018. Gain on sale of real estate facilities: On September 16, 2020, we sold two industrial buildings totaling 40,000 square feet located in Redmond, Washington, which were subject to an eminent domain process for net proceeds of $11.4 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $7.7 million. On January 7, 2020, we sold a 113,000 square foot office building located at Metro Park North in Montgomery County, Maryland, for net sale proceeds of $29.3 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $19.6 million. On October 8, 2019, we sold 1.3 million rentable square feet located in Rockville and Silver Spring, Maryland, for net sale proceeds of $144.6 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $16.6 million. On March 5, 2018, we sold Corporate Pointe Business Park, a park consisting of five multi-tenant office buildings totaling 161,000 square feet located in Orange County, California, for net sale proceeds of $41.7 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $26.8 million. On April 18, 2018, we sold Orange County Business Center, a park consisting of office multi-tenant office buildings totaling 437,000 square feet located in Orange County, California, for net sale proceeds of $73.3 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $50.6 million. On April 30, 2018, we sold Northgate Business Park, a park consisting of seven multi-tenant flex buildings totaling 194,000 square feet located in Dallas, Texas, for net sale proceeds of $11.8 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $7.9 million. On October 31, 2018, we sold Orangewood Office Park, a park consisting of two multi-tenant office buildings totaling 107,000 square feet located in Orange County, California, for net sale proceeds of $18.3 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $8.2 million. Liquidity and Capital Resources This section should be read in conjunction with our consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 and the notes to our consolidated financial statements, which set forth the major components of our historical liquidity and capital resources. The discussion below sets forth the factors which we expect will affect our future liquidity and capital resources or which may vary substantially from historical levels. Capital Raising Strategy: As a REIT, we are required to distribute at least 90% of our “REIT taxable income” to our shareholders each year, which relative to a taxable C corporation, limits the amount of cash flow from operations that we can retain for investment purposes. As a result, in order to grow our asset base, access to capital is important. Our financial profile is characterized by strong credit metrics, including low leverage relative to our total capitalization and operating cash flows. We are a highly rated REIT, as determined by Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s. Our corporate credit rating by Standard and Poor’s is A-, while our preferred shares are rated BBB by Standard and Poor’s and Baa2 by Moody’s. We believe our credit profile and ratings will enable us to efficiently access both the public and private capital markets to raise capital, as necessary. In order to maintain efficient access to the capital markets, we target a minimum ratio of FFO (as defined below) to combined fixed charges and preferred distributions of 3.0 to 1.0. Ratio of FFO to fixed charges and preferred distributions is calculated by dividing FFO excluding fixed charges and preferred distributions by fixed charges and preferred distributions paid. Fixed charges include interest expense, capitalized interest and preferred equity distributions paid. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the ratio of FFO to combined fixed charges and preferred distributions paid was 5.7 to 1.0. We have a $250.0 million revolving Credit Facility that can be expanded to $400.0 million and expires in January 2022. We can use the Credit Facility as necessary as temporary financing until we are able to raise longer term capital. Historically we have funded our long-term capital requirements with retained operating cash flow and proceeds from the issuance of common and preferred securities. We will select among these sources of capital based upon availability, relative cost, the impact of constraints on our operations (such as covenants), and the desire for leverage. 36 The COVID-19 pandemic has had varying effects on the cost and availability of debt and equity capital and may have intensified negative impacts if resurgent outbreaks of the virus occur. Based upon our substantial current liquidity relative to our capital requirements noted below, and our strong financial profile and credit ratings, we do not expect such capital market turbulence to have a material impact upon our capital and growth plans over the next 12 months. However, there can be no assurance that it would not in the future if the COVID-19 pandemic were to persist for a long period of time or intensify. Short-term Liquidity and Capital Resource Analysis: We believe that our net cash provided by our operating activities will continue to be sufficient to enable us to meet our ongoing requirements for debt service, capital expenditures and distributions to our shareholders for the foreseeable future. As of December 31, 2020, we had $69.1 million in unrestricted cash. In the last five years, we have retained between $40 to $60 million in operating cash flow per year. Retained operating cash flow represents cash flow provided by operating activities, less shareholder and unit holder distributions and capital expenditures. Required Debt Repayment: As of December 31, 2020, we have no debt outstanding on our Credit Facility. We are in compliance with all of the covenants and other requirements of our Credit Facility. Capital Expenditures: We define recurring capital expenditures as those necessary to maintain and operate our real estate at its current economic value. Nonrecurring capital improvements generally are related to property reconfigurations and other capital expenditures related to repositioning asset acquisitions. The following table sets forth our commercial capital expenditures paid for in the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 on an aggregate and per square foot basis: For the Years Ended December 31, Commercial Real Estate Recurring capital expenditures Capital improvements (1) Tenant improvements Lease commissions Total commercial recurring capital expenditures (1) Nonrecurring capital improvements Total commercial capital expenditures (1) ____________________________ 2020 2019 (in thousands) 2018 2020 2019 (per total weighted average square foot) 2018 $ 9,497 $ 15,948 8,878 11,224 $ 17,360 8,267 10,738 $ 18,688 8,048 0.34 $ 0.58 0.32 0.40 $ 0.62 0.29 34,323 1,715 36,851 2,494 37,474 1,176 1.24 0.06 1.31 0.09 0.38 0.67 0.29 1.34 0.05 $ 36,038 $ 39,345 $ 38,650 $ 1.30 $ 1.40 $ 1.39 (1) Excludes $24, $20, and $13 of recurring capital improvements on our multifamily asset in 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. 37 The following table summarizes recurring capital expenditures paid and the related percentage of NOI for Same Park, Non-Same Park, multifamily, and assets sold by region for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 (in thousands): For the Years Ended December 31, 2020 Recurring Capital Expenditures Change 2019 2019 2018 Change Recurring Capital Expenditures as a Percentage of NOI 2019 2018 2020 $ $ 6,354 $ 3,568 3,984 1,955 9,819 2,313 1,326 1,794 31,113 4,411 44.0% (21.0%) 4,514 (13.8%) 4,623 (56.9%) 4,539 (5.3%) 10,366 5.6% 2,191 914 45.1% (12.5%) (7.4%) 2,051 33,609 4,411 $ 4,514 4,623 4,539 10,366 2,191 914 2,051 33,609 3,602 3,167 5,027 2,362 10,810 3,149 952 2,714 31,783 22.5% 42.5% (8.0%) 92.2% (4.1%) (30.4%) (4.0%) (24.4%) 5.7% 7.7% 8.9% 19.2% 9.2% 20.8% 7.3% 9.4% 14.1% 11.5% 76 2,134 984 3,194 16 — 100.0% 54 3,851.9% 2,154 (54.3%) 2,208 44.7% (98.5%) 1,034 — 54 2,154 2,208 1,034 — — — 100.0% 615 250.2% 615 259.0% (79.6%) 5,076 — — — — — 5.3% 11.0% 20.7% 22.9% 21.5% 6.9% 7.0% 16.1% 12.3% — — — — — 4.7% 8.0% 25.1% 12.3% 22.2% 10.1% 7.7% 22.6% 12.2% — — — — — 34,323 24 34,347 $ $ 36,851 (6.9%) 20 20.0% (6.8%) 36,871 36,851 20 36,871 37,474 13 37,487 (1.7%) 53.8% (1.6%) $ $ 12.0% — 11.8% 12.4% — 12.2% 13.1% — 12.9% Region Same Park Northern California Southern California Dallas Austin Northern Virginia South Florida Seattle Suburban Maryland Total Same Park Non-Same Park Northern California Southern California Northern Virginia Total Non-Same Park Assets sold Total commercial recurring capital expenditures Multifamily Total In the last five years, our annual recurring capital expenditures have ranged between 11.5% and 16.3% as a percentage of NOI, and we expected future recurring capital expenditures to be within or near the low end of this range. While what we disclose herein with respect to capital expenditures represents our best estimates at this time, there can be no assurance that these amounts will not change substantially in the future for various reasons, including the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on capital projects and leasing volume. Redemption of Preferred Stock: Historically, we have reduced our cost of capital by refinancing higher coupon preferred securities with lower coupon preferred securities. We have one series of preferred securities that will become redeemable during 2021, at our option, with a coupon rate of 5.20% at a par value of $189.8 million (see Note 9 to our December 31, 2020 financial statements). Redemption of such preferred shares will depend upon many factors, including our cost of capital. None of our preferred securities are redeemable at the option of the holders. Acquisitions of Real Estate Facilities: On October 28, 2020, we acquired a multi-tenant industrial park comprising approximately 246,000 rentable square feet in Alexandria, Virginia, for a total purchase price of $46.6 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. On January 10, 2020, we acquired a multi-tenant industrial park comprising approximately 73,000 rentable square feet in La Mirada, California, for a total purchase price of $13.5 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. On December 20, 2019, we acquired a multi-tenant flex park comprising approximately 79,000 rentable square feet in Santa Clara, California, for a total purchase price of $16.8 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. On September 5, 2019, we acquired a multi-tenant industrial park comprising approximately 543,000 rentable square feet in Santa Fe Springs, California, for a total purchase price of $104.3 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. On April 18, 2019, we acquired a multi-tenant industrial park comprising approximately 74,000 rentable square feet in Signal Hill, California, for a total purchase price of $13.8 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. On June 8, 2018, we acquired two multi-tenant industrial parks aggregating 1.1 million rentable square feet in Springfield, Virginia, for a total purchase price of $143.8 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. We continue to seek to acquire additional real estate facilities; however, there is significant competition to acquire existing facilities in our markets and there can be no assurance as to the volume of future acquisition activity. Sale of Real Estate: On September 16, 2020, we sold two industrial buildings totaling 40,000 square feet located in Redmond, Washington, which were subject to an eminent domain process for net proceeds of $11.4 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $7.7 million. On January 7, 2020, we sold an 113,000 square foot office building located at Metro Park North in Montgomery County, Maryland, for net sale proceeds of $29.3 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $19.6 million. During the year ended December 31, 2019, we sold 1.3 million rentable square feet of flex and office business parks located in Rockville and Silver Spring, Maryland, for net sale proceeds of $144.6 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $16.6 million. During the year ended December 31, 2018, we sold 899,000 38 rentable square feet of real estate facilities located in Orange County, California, and Dallas, Texas, for net sale proceeds of $145.1 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $93.5 million. Development of Real Estate Facilities: As noted above, during 2020, we developed an 83,000 square foot shallow- bay industrial building at our Freeport Business Park in Irving, Texas. As of December 31, 2020, $7.8 million of the estimated $8.1 million total development costs had been incurred and was reflected under land and building held for development, net on our consolidated balance sheets. The remaining $0.3 million was incurred subsequent to December 31, 2020 and construction was completed in January 2021. In August 2020, we entered into the Brentford Joint Venture with the JV Partner for the purpose of developing Brentford at The Mile, a planned 411-unit multifamily apartment complex. We contributed the Brentford Parcel to the Brentford Joint Venture at a value of $18.5 million, for which we received equity contribution credit in the Brentford Joint Venture. Our cost basis in the Brentford Parcel was $5.5 million as of December 31, 2020. Construction of Brentford at The Mile commenced in August 2020 and is anticipated to be completed over a period of 24 to 36 months at an estimated development cost of $110 million to $115 million, excluding land cost. As of December 31, 2020, the development cost incurred was $9.6 million, which is reflected in land and building held for development, net on our consolidated balance sheets along with our $5.5 million cost basis in the Brentford Parcel. During year ended December 31, 2020, the Company also recorded non-capitalizable demolition costs of $0.3 million in interest and other expense on our consolidated statements of income. Repurchase of Common Stock: No shares of common stock were repurchased under the board-approved common stock repurchase program during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018. As of December 31, 2020, management has the authorization to repurchase an additional 1,614,721 shares. Requirement to Pay Distributions: Our election to be taxed as a REIT, as defined by the Code, applies to all periods presented herein. As a REIT, we do not incur U.S. federal corporate income tax on our “REIT taxable income” that is distributed each year (for this purpose, certain distributions paid in a subsequent year may be considered), and we continue to meet certain organizational and operational requirements. We believe we have met these requirements in all periods presented herein, and we expect we will continue to qualify as a REIT in future periods. We paid REIT qualifying distributions of $163.6 million ($48.2 million to preferred shareholders and $115.4 million to common shareholders) during the year ended December 31, 2020. We estimate the annual distribution requirements with respect to our preferred shares outstanding at December 31, 2020 to be $48.2 million per year. Our consistent, long-term dividend policy has been to set dividend distribution amounts based on our taxable income. Future quarterly distributions with respect to common shares will continue to be determined based upon our REIT distribution requirements and, along with distributions to preferred shareholders, we expect will be funded with cash provided by operating activities. Funds from Operations, Core Funds from Operations, and Funds Available for Distribution Funds from Operations (“FFO”) is a non-GAAP measure defined by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”) and is considered a helpful measure of REIT performance by REITs and many REIT analysts. FFO represents GAAP net income before real estate depreciation and amortization expense, gains or losses on sales of operating properties and land and impairment charges on real estate assets. We also present Core FFO and Funds Available for Distribution (“FAD”) which are both also non-GAAP measures. Core FFO is defined by the Company as FFO excluding the net impact of (i) income allocated to preferred shareholders to the extent redemption value exceeds the related carrying value (a “Preferred Redemption Allocation”) and (ii) other nonrecurring income or expense items as appropriate. FAD represents Core FFO adjusted to (i) deduct recurring capital improvements and capitalized tenant improvements and lease commissions and (ii) remove certain non-cash income or expense items such as amortization of deferred rent receivable and stock compensation expense. FFO for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $6.51 per share representing an increase of 0.6% from the same period in 2019. Core FFO was $6.57 and $6.78 per share for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2020, Core FFO excludes the impact of the (i) accelerated amortization of stock 39 compensation expense of $1.7 million related to the retirement of our former President and CEO and (ii) non- capitalizable demolition costs of $0.3 million. For the year ended December 31, 2019, Core FFO excludes the impact of the Preferred Redemption Allocation of $11.0 million related to the redemption of our 5.75% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series U, and our 5.70% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series V, during December 2019. The following table reconciles net income allocable to common shareholders to FFO, Core FFO and FAD as well as net income per share to FFO per share and Core FFO per share (amounts in thousands, except per share data): Net income allocable to common shareholders $ 124,645 $ 108,703 $ 172,899 For The Years Ended December 31, 2019 2018 2020 Adjustments Gain on sale of real estate facilities Depreciation and amortization expense Net income allocated to noncontrolling interests Net income allocated to restricted stock unit holders FFO allocated to JV partner FFO allocable to diluted common shares and units Non-capitalizable demolition costs Acceleration of stock compensation expense due to President and CEO retirement Preferred Redemption Allocation Core FFO allocable to diluted common shares and units Adjustments $ Recurring capital improvements Tenant improvements Capitalized lease commissions Non-cash rental income (1) Non-cash stock compensation expense (2) Cash paid for taxes in lieu of shares upon vesting of restricted stock units FAD allocable to diluted common shares and units Weighted average outstanding Common shares Common operating partnership units Restricted stock units Common share equivalents Total common and dilutive shares Reconciliation of Earnings per Share to FFO per Share Net income per common share — diluted Gain on sale of real estate facilities Depreciation and amortization expense FFO per share Non-capitalizable demolition costs Acceleration of stock compensation expense due to President and CEO retirement Preferred Redemption Allocation Core FFO per share ____________________________ (27,273) 96,314 33,158 716 (118) 227,442 335 1,687 — 229,464 (9,521) (15,948) (8,878) (4,713) 3,961 $ (16,644) 104,249 29,006 910 (149) 226,075 — — 11,007 237,082 (11,244) (17,360) (8,267) (3,936) 4,956 $ (93,484) 99,242 45,199 1,923 (13) 225,766 — — — 225,766 (10,751) (18,688) (8,048) (5,230) 4,174 (4,216) 190,149 $ (6,350) 194,881 $ (4,981) 182,242 $ 27,475 7,305 51 88 34,919 27,418 7,305 124 108 34,955 $ $ 4.52 (0.77) 2.76 6.51 0.01 0.05 — 6.57 $ $ 3.95 (0.47) 2.99 6.47 — — 0.31 6.78 $ $ 27,321 7,305 182 101 34,909 6.31 (2.68) 2.84 6.47 — — — 6.47 (1) Non-cash rental income includes amortization of deferred rent receivable (net of write-offs), in-place lease intangible, tenant improvement reimbursement, and lease incentive intangible. (2) Amounts shown are net of accelerated stock compensation expense related to the President and CEO retirement, which is also excluded from the computation of Core FFO. We believe FFO, Core FFO and FAD assist investors in analyzing and comparing the operating and financial performance of a company’s real estate from period to period. FFO, Core FFO and FAD are not substitutes for GAAP net income. In addition, other REITs may compute FFO, Core FFO, and FAD differently, which could inhibit comparability. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements: The Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources. 40 Contractual Obligations: We paid $48.2 million in distributions to our preferred shareholders for the year ended December 31, 2020 and expect to continue to pay quarterly distributions of $12.0 million to our preferred shareholders for the foreseeable future or until such time as there is a change in the amount or composition of our series of preferred equity outstanding. Dividends on preferred equity are paid when and if declared by the Company’s Board and accumulate if not paid. Shares of preferred equity are redeemable by the Company in order to preserve its status as a REIT and are also redeemable five years after issuance, but are not redeemable at the option of the holder. Our significant contractual obligations as of December 31, 2020 and their impact on our future cash flow and liquidity are summarized below (in thousands): Contractual Obligations Transaction costs (1) Ground lease obligations (2) Total ____________________________ Payments Due by Period 1 - 3 years Total Less than 1 year $ $ 9,144 $ 1,769 10,913 $ 9,144 $ 199 9,343 $ 4 - 5 years More than 5 years — — $ — $ 596 596 $ 397 397 $ 577 577 (1) Represents transaction costs, including tenant improvements and lease commissions, which we are committed to under the terms of executed leases. (2) Represents future contractual payments on land under various operating leases. ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK To limit the Company’s exposure to market risk, the Company principally finances its operations and growth with permanent equity capital consisting of either common or preferred stock. The Company had no debt outstanding as of as of December 31, 2020. Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to the Credit Facility, which is subject to variable interest rates. See Notes 2 and 6 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K for additional information regarding the terms, valuations and approximate principal maturities of the Company’s indebtedness, including the Credit Facility. ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA The financial statements of the Company at December 31, 2020 and 2019 and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 and the report of Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, thereon and the related financial statement schedule, are included elsewhere herein. Reference is made to the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Schedules in Item 15. ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. 41 ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures The Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of December 31, 2020. These controls and procedures have been designed to ensure that information required for disclosure is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the requisite time periods and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2020, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level. Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee on Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 Framework). Based on that evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2020. The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020 has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their attestation report which is included herein. Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fourth quarter of 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. 42 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of PS Business Parks, Inc. Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting We have audited PS Business Parks, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, PS Business Parks, Inc. (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on the COSO criteria. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of PS Business Parks, Inc. as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of income, equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a) and our report dated February 22, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. Basis for Opinion The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Los Angeles, California February 22, 2021 /s/ Ernst & Young LLP 43 ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION None. PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE The information required by this item with respect to directors is hereby incorporated by reference to the material appearing in the Company’s definitive proxy statement to be filed in connection with the annual shareholders’ meeting to be held in 2021 (the “Proxy Statement”) under the caption “Proposal 1: Election of Directors.” The Information required by this item with respect to executive officers is hereby incorporated by reference to the material appearing in the Proxy Statement under the caption “Our Named Executive Officers.” Information required by this item with respect to the nominating process, the audit committee and the audit committee financial expert is hereby incorporated by reference to the material appearing in the Proxy Statement under the caption “Corporate Governance and Board Matters.” Information required by this item with respect to a code of ethics is hereby incorporated by reference to the material appearing in the Proxy Statement under the caption “Corporate Governance and Board Matters.” We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer, which is available on our website at www.psbusinessparks.com. The information contained on the Company’s website is not a part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Any amendments to or waivers of the code of ethics granted to the Company’s executive officers or the controller will be published promptly on our website or by other appropriate means in accordance with SEC rules. Information required by this item with respect to the compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act is hereby incorporated by reference to the material appearing in the Proxy Statement under the caption “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance.” ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION The information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the material appearing in the Proxy Statement under the captions “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation,” “Compensation of Directors,” Compensation Discussion and Analysis (CD&A),” “Executive Compensation Tables,” “Compensation Committee Report,” and “Pay Ratio Disclosure.” ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS The information required by this item with respect to security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management is hereby incorporated by reference to the material appearing in the Proxy Statement under the caption “Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management.” The following table sets forth information as of December 31, 2020 on the Company’s equity compensation plans: (a) Number of Securities to be Issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights (b) Weighted Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights (c) Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans (Excluding Securities Reflected in Column (a)) (2) $ 171,694 — 171,694 * $ 108.29 — 108.29 * 815,894 — 815,894 Plan Category Equity compensation plans approved by security holders (1) Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders Total ____________________________ (1) Represents shares of our common stock available for issuance under the Company’s 2012 Equity and Performance-Based Incentive Compensation Plan (2012 Plan). (2) Amounts remaining available for future issuance account for stock options and RSUs issued and outstanding. 44 ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE The information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the material appearing in the Proxy Statement under the captions “Corporate Governance and Board Matters” and “Additional Information about our Directors and Executive Officers; Certain Relationships.” ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES The information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the material appearing in the Proxy Statement under the caption “Ratification of Independent Registered Public Accountants.” 45 PART IV ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES a. 1. Financial Statements The financial statements listed in the accompanying Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Schedules are filed as part of this report. 2. Financial Statements Schedule The financial statements schedule listed in the accompanying Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Schedules are filed as part of this report. 3. Exhibits The exhibits listed in the Exhibit Index immediately preceding such exhibits are filed with or incorporated by reference in this report. b. Exhibits The exhibits listed in the Exhibit Index immediately preceding such exhibits are filed with or incorporated by reference in this report. c. Financial Statement Schedules Not applicable. ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY None. 46 PS BUSINESS PARKS, INC. INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SCHEDULES (Item 15(a)(1) and Item 15(a)(2)) Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 Consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 Consolidated statements of equity for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 Consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 Notes to consolidated financial statements Schedule: III — Real estate and accumulated depreciation Page 48 50 51 52 53 55 71 All other schedules have been omitted since the required information is not present or not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto. 47 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of PS Business Parks, Inc. Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of PS Business Parks, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the related consolidated statements of income, equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework), and our report dated February 22, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. Basis for Opinion These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. Critical Audit Matter The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. Purchase price accounting Description of the Matter As described in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company completed two acquisitions during 2020 for consideration of $60.1 million. As explained in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the transactions were accounted for as asset acquisitions, and as such, are recorded at the price to acquire the real estate property, including acquisition costs. The purchase price is allocated to land, building, and acquired lease intangible assets and/or liabilities based upon the relative fair value of the acquired tangible and intangible lease assets and liabilities. The relative fair value of the acquired tangible and intangible lease assets and liabilities were determined by the Company and its valuation specialist utilizing available market information. 48 How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit Auditing the Company’s accounting for its acquisitions was complex due to the significant estimation required by management in determining the fair values of the acquired land, building, and intangible lease assets and liabilities. The significant estimation was primarily due to the judgmental nature of the inputs to the valuation models used to measure the fair value of the tangible and intangible lease assets and liabilities as well as the sensitivity of the respective fair values to the significant underlying assumptions. The Company utilized the sales comparison approach to measure the fair value of the acquired land and a combination of the discounted cash flow and replacement costs methods to measure the fair value of the remaining acquired tangible and intangible assets and liabilities. The more significant assumptions utilized included revenue growth rates, discount rates, market rental rates, and capitalization rates. These significant assumptions are forward-looking and could be affected by future economic and market conditions. We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design, and tested the operating effectiveness of controls over management’s accounting for acquired real estate properties, including controls over the Company’s review of the assumptions underlying the purchase price allocation, the cash flow projections, and the accuracy of the underlying data used. For example, we tested controls over the determination of the fair value of the land, building and intangible lease assets and liabilities, including the controls over the review of the valuation models and the underlying assumptions used to develop such estimates. For each of the Company’s real estate property acquisitions, we read the purchase and sale agreements, and evaluated whether the Company had appropriately determined whether the transaction was a business combination or asset acquisition. We also evaluated the significant assumptions and methods used in developing the fair value estimates of the tangible assets and intangible lease assets acquired and liabilities assumed. To test the estimated fair value of the land, building and intangible lease assets and liabilities, we performed audit procedures that included, among other procedures, evaluating the Company’s use of the income approach and testing the significant assumptions used in the discounted cash flow model, and testing the completeness and accuracy of the underlying data supporting the significant assumptions and estimates. For example, we agreed the contractual rents used in the determination of the in-place and above/below market lease intangible assets and liabilities to tenant leases and market information. We also involved our valuation specialists to assist in the assessment of the methodology utilized by the Company, performed procedures to corroborate the reasonableness of the significant assumptions utilized in the developing the fair value estimates, and performed corroborative calculations to assess the reasonableness of the acquired building asset. For example, our valuation specialists (i) used independently identified data sources to evaluate the appropriateness of management’s selected comparable land sales, (ii) calculated the building value using the replacement cost approach and reconciled it to the recorded value, and (iii) obtained market specific information for the revenue growth rates, discount rates, market rental rates, and capitalization rates to corroborate the market information utilized by the Company. We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1997. Los Angeles, California February 22, 2021 /s/ Ernst & Young LLP 49 PART IV ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES (Item 15(a)(1) and Item 15(a)(2)) PS BUSINESS PARKS, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Amounts in thousands, except share data) ASSETS Cash and cash equivalents Real estate facilities, at cost Land Buildings and improvements Accumulated depreciation Properties held for sale, net Land and building held for development, net Rent receivable Deferred rent receivable Other assets Total assets LIABILITIES AND EQUITY Accrued and other liabilities Total liabilities Commitments and contingencies Equity PS Business Parks, Inc.’s shareholders’ equity Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 37,790 shares issued and outstanding at ($944,750 aggregate liquidation preference) December 31, 2020 and 2019 Common stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 27,488,547 and 27,440,953 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively Paid-in capital Accumulated earnings (deficit) Total PS Business Parks, Inc.’s shareholders’ equity Noncontrolling interests Total equity Total liabilities and equity December 31, 2020 2019 $ 69,083 $ 62,786 874,680 2,247,389 3,122,069 (1,229,102) 1,892,967 — 43,014 1,935,981 1,519 36,788 14,334 2,057,705 82,065 82,065 $ $ 844,419 2,203,308 3,047,727 (1,158,489) 1,889,238 15,264 28,110 1,932,612 1,392 32,993 16,660 2,046,443 84,632 84,632 944,750 944,750 274 738,022 73,631 1,756,677 218,963 1,975,640 2,057,705 $ 274 736,986 63,666 1,745,676 216,135 1,961,811 2,046,443 $ $ $ See accompanying notes. 50 PS BUSINESS PARKS, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Amounts in thousands, except per share data) For The Years Ended December 31, 2019 2018 2020 Rental income Expenses Cost of operations Depreciation and amortization General and administrative Total operating expenses Interest and other income Interest and other expense Gain on sale of real estate facilities Net income Allocation to noncontrolling interests Net income allocable to PS Business Parks, Inc. Allocation to preferred shareholders based upon Distributions Redemptions (Note 9) Allocation to restricted stock unit holders Net income allocable to common shareholders Net income per common share Basic Diluted Weighted average common shares outstanding Basic Diluted $ 415,623 $ 429,846 $ 413,516 125,513 96,314 14,526 236,353 1,234 (1,072) 27,273 206,705 (33,158) 173,547 (48,186) — (716) 124,645 4.54 4.52 $ $ $ 128,343 104,249 13,761 246,353 4,492 (657) 16,644 203,972 (29,006) 174,966 (54,346) (11,007) (910) 108,703 3.96 3.95 $ $ $ 124,630 99,242 12,072 235,944 1,510 (665) 93,484 271,901 (45,199) 226,702 (51,880) — (1,923) 172,899 6.33 6.31 27,475 27,563 27,418 27,526 27,321 27,422 $ $ $ See accompanying notes. 51 6 3 9 , 9 8 8 , 1 $ 5 2 6 , 6 9 1 $ 1 1 3 , 3 9 6 , 1 $ ) 8 7 7 , 1 ( $ 7 6 0 , 5 3 7 $ 2 7 2 $ 7 0 6 , 4 5 2 , 7 2 0 5 7 , 9 5 9 $ 0 9 3 , 8 3 l a t o T y t i u q E g n i l l o r t n o c n o N s t s e r e t n I S P l a t o T , s k r a P s s e n i s u B ’ s r e d l o h e r a h S s ’ . c n I y t i u q E d e t a l u m u c c A ) t i c i f e D ( i s g n n r a E n i - d i a P l a t i p a C k c o t S n o m m o C k c o t S d e r r e f e r P t n u o m A s e r a h S t n u o m A s e r a h S . C N I , S K R A P S S E N I S U B S P Y T I U Q E F O S T N E M E T A T S D E T A D I L O S N O C ) a t a d e r a h s t p e c x e , s d n a s u o h t n i s t n u o m A ( 0 1 0 , 3 2 3 0 , 3 2 3 0 , 4 ) 1 8 9 , 4 ( 1 0 9 , 1 7 2 ) 0 8 8 , 1 5 ( ) 0 6 7 , 7 2 ( ) 7 3 8 , 3 0 1 ( — 3 5 4 , 3 8 9 , 1 8 3 0 , 6 1 3 ) 0 0 0 , 0 4 3 ( 9 6 9 6 4 0 , 4 ) 0 5 3 , 6 ( 2 7 9 , 3 0 2 ) 6 4 3 , 4 5 ( ) 4 5 1 , 5 1 1 ( ) 4 3 1 ( ) 3 8 6 , 0 3 ( — 1 1 8 , 1 6 9 , 1 8 5 2 4 9 9 , 4 3 9 4 ) 6 1 2 , 4 ( 5 0 7 , 6 0 2 ) 6 8 1 , 8 4 ( ) 6 9 3 , 5 1 1 ( ) 0 4 1 ( ) 3 8 6 , 0 3 ( 0 4 6 , 5 7 9 , 1 — — — 2 3 0 , 4 9 9 1 , 5 4 — — ) 0 6 7 , 7 2 ( ) 5 ( 1 9 0 , 8 1 2 — — — — — — — 6 0 0 , 9 2 ) 4 3 1 ( ) 3 8 6 , 0 3 ( ) 5 4 1 ( 5 3 1 , 6 1 2 — — — 3 9 4 — — 8 5 1 , 3 3 ) 0 4 1 ( ) 3 8 6 , 0 3 ( 0 1 0 , 3 2 3 0 , 3 — ) 1 8 9 , 4 ( 2 0 7 , 6 2 2 ) 0 8 8 , 1 5 ( ) 7 3 8 , 3 0 1 ( — 5 2 6 3 , 5 6 7 , 1 8 3 0 , 6 1 3 ) 0 0 0 , 0 4 3 ( 9 6 9 6 4 0 , 4 ) 0 5 3 , 6 ( 6 6 9 , 4 7 1 ) 6 4 3 , 4 5 ( ) 4 5 1 , 5 1 1 ( — — 5 4 1 — — — — 2 0 7 , 6 2 2 ) 0 8 8 , 1 5 ( ) 7 3 8 , 3 0 1 ( — — — 7 0 2 , 9 6 ) 7 0 0 , 1 1 ( — — — 6 6 9 , 4 7 1 ) 6 4 3 , 4 5 ( ) 4 5 1 , 5 1 1 ( — — — 6 7 6 , 5 4 7 , 1 6 6 6 , 3 6 — 8 5 2 4 9 9 , 4 — ) 6 1 2 , 4 ( 7 4 5 , 3 7 1 ) 6 8 1 , 8 4 ( ) 6 9 3 , 5 1 1 ( — — — — — — — — — 7 4 5 , 3 7 1 ) 6 8 1 , 8 4 ( ) 6 9 3 , 5 1 1 ( — — — — — 5 8 0 0 , 3 2 3 0 , 3 ) 1 8 9 , 4 ( 1 3 1 , 6 3 7 ) 2 6 9 , 8 ( 7 0 0 , 1 1 9 6 9 6 4 0 , 4 ) 0 5 3 , 6 ( — — — — — 5 4 1 6 8 9 , 6 3 7 8 5 2 4 9 9 , 4 ) 6 1 2 , 4 ( — — — — — — 2 — — — — — — — — 4 7 2 — — — — — — — — — — — 4 7 2 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4 9 4 , 7 0 1 — — — — — — — — — 1 0 1 , 2 6 3 , 7 2 0 5 7 , 9 5 9 0 0 0 , 5 2 3 — — — — — — — — — 0 9 3 , 8 3 0 0 0 , 3 1 — — 2 5 8 , 8 7 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — ) 0 0 0 , 0 4 3 ( ) 0 0 6 , 3 1 ( — — — — — — — — 4 9 5 , 7 4 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 3 5 9 , 0 4 4 , 7 2 0 5 7 , 4 4 9 0 9 7 , 7 3 n o i t c e n n o c n i k c o t s n o m m o c f o e c n a u s s I 7 1 0 2 , 1 3 r e b m e c e D t a s e c n a l a B n o i t a s n e p m o c d e s a b - k c o t s h t i w t e n , n o i t a s n e p m o c k c o t S n o p u s e r a h s f o u e i l n i s e x a t r o f d i a p h s a C s t i n u k c o t s d e t c i r t s e r f o g n i t s e v ) 3 e t o N e e s ( e r u t n e v t n i o j f o n o i t a d i l o s n o C ) 9 e t o N ( k c o t s d e r r e f e r P ) 0 8 . 3 $ ( k c o t s n o m m o C s n o i t u b i r t s i D e m o c n i t e N s t i n u n o m m o c — s t s e r e t n i g n i l l o r t n o c n o N — s t s e r e t n i g n i l l o r t n o c n o n o t t n e m t s u j d A n o i t c e n n o c n i k c o t s n o m m o c f o e c n a u s s I n o i t a s n e p m o c d e s a b - k c o t s h t i w t e n , n o i t a s n e p m o c k c o t S n o p u s e r a h s f o u e i l n i s e x a t r o f d i a p h s a C s t i n u k c o t s d e t c i r t s e r f o g n i t s e v 8 1 0 2 , 1 3 r e b m e c e D t a s e c n a l a B , k c o t s d e r r e f e r p f o e c n a u s s I P O e h t n i s t i n u n o m m o c , k c o t s d e r r e f e r p f o n o i t p m e d e R s t s o c e c n a u s s i f o t e n s t s o c e c n a u s s i f o t e n — s t s e r e t n i g n i l l o r t n o c n o N ) 9 e t o N ( k c o t s d e r r e f e r P ) 0 2 . 4 $ ( k c o t s n o m m o C s t i n u n o m m o C e r u t n e v t n i o J s n o i t u b i r t s i D e m o c n i t e N ) 4 e t o N ( e r u t n e v t n i o j o t n o i t u b i r t n o c l a t i p a C n o p u s e r a h s f o u e i l n i s e x a t r o f d i a p h s a C s t i n u k c o t s d e t c i r t s e r f o g n i t s e v n o i t c e n n o c n i k c o t s n o m m o c f o e c n a u s s I n o i t a s n e p m o c d e s a b - k c o t s h t i w t e n , n o i t a s n e p m o c k c o t S — s t s e r e t n i g n i l l o r t n o c n o n o t t n e m t s u j d A 9 1 0 2 , 1 3 r e b m e c e D t a s e c n a l a B P O e h t n i s t i n u n o m m o c — s t s e r e t n i g n i l l o r t n o c n o N ) 9 e t o N ( k c o t s d e r r e f e r P ) 0 2 . 4 $ ( k c o t s n o m m o C s t i n u n o m m o C e r u t n e v t n i o J s n o i t u b i r t s i D e m o c n i t e N . s e t o n g n i y n a p m o c c a e e S 2 5 $ 3 6 9 , 8 1 2 $ 7 7 6 , 6 5 7 , 1 $ 1 3 6 , 3 7 $ 2 2 0 , 8 3 7 $ 4 7 2 $ 7 4 5 , 8 8 4 , 7 2 0 5 7 , 4 4 9 $ 0 9 7 , 7 3 0 2 0 2 , 1 3 r e b m e c e D t a s e c n a l a B PS BUSINESS PARKS, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Amounts in thousands) Cash flows from operating activities Net income Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation and amortization expense Straight-line rent and amortization of lease intangibles, net Gain on sale of real estate facilities Stock compensation expense Amortization of financing costs Other, net Total adjustments Net cash provided by operating activities Cash flows from investing activities Capital expenditures to real estate facilities Capital expenditures to land and building held for development Acquisition of real estate facilities Proceeds from sale of real estate facilities Consolidation of joint venture Net cash used in investing activities Cash flows from financing activities Borrowings on credit facility Repayment of borrowings on credit facility Payment of financing costs Proceeds from the exercise of stock options Cash paid for taxes in lieu of shares upon vesting of restricted stock units Redemption of preferred stock Net proceeds from the issuance of preferred stock Capital contribution to joint venture Cash paid to restricted stock unit holders Distributions paid to preferred shareholders Distributions paid to common shareholders Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests—common units Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests—joint venture Net cash used in financing activities Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the period Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the period Supplemental disclosures Interest paid For The Years Ended December 31, 2018 2019 2020 $ 206,705 $ 203,972 $ 271,901 96,314 (4,713) (27,273) 5,648 548 (254) 70,270 276,975 (36,062) (16,412) (60,019) 40,674 — (71,819) 104,249 (3,936) (16,644) 4,956 544 (2,546) 86,623 290,595 (39,365) (5,278) (134,278) 144,599 — (34,322) — — (335) 258 (4,216) — — 493 (654) (48,186) (115,396) (30,683) (140) (198,859) 6,297 63,874 70,171 $ 70,000 (70,000) (296) 969 (6,350) (340,000) 316,038 — (910) (54,346) (115,154) (30,683) (134) (230,866) 25,407 38,467 63,874 $ 99,242 (5,230) (93,484) 4,174 537 (987) 4,252 276,153 (38,663) (1,183) (142,399) 145,097 1,082 (36,066) 50,000 (50,000) (307) 3,010 (4,981) (130,000) — — (1,142) (52,573) (103,837) (27,760) — (317,590) (77,503) 115,970 38,467 — $ 67 $ 40 $ $ See accompanying notes. 53 PS BUSINESS PARKS, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Amounts in thousands) Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities Adjustment to noncontrolling interests—common units in the OP Noncontrolling interests—common units Paid-in capital Preferred redemption allocation Paid-in capital Accumulated earnings (deficit) Accrued capital expenditures to land and building held for development Land and building held for development, net Accrued and other liabilities Consolidation of joint venture Land Buildings and improvements Other, net Investment in and advances to unconsolidated joint venture Noncontrolling interests—joint venture For The Years Ended December 31, 2018 2019 2020 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ — $ — $ (145) $ 145 $ — $ — $ 11,007 $ (11,007) $ 1,698 $ (1,698) $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ (5) 5 — — — — 21,814 84,903 (1,787) (100,898) (4,032) See accompanying notes. 54 PS BUSINESS PARKS, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS December 31, 2020 1. Organization and description of business Organization PS Business Parks, Inc. (“PSB”) was incorporated in the state of California in 1990. As of December 31, 2020, PSB owned 79.0% of the common partnership units of PS Business Parks, L.P. (the “OP”). The remaining common partnership units are owned by Public Storage (“PS”). PS’s interest in the OP is referred to as the “PS OP Interests.” PSB, as the sole general partner of the OP, has full, exclusive and complete responsibility and discretion in managing and controlling the OP. PSB and its subsidiaries, including the OP and our consolidated joint ventures, are collectively referred to as the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our.” PS also owns 7.2 million common shares and would own 41.6% (or 14.5 million shares) of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock if it redeemed its common partnership units for common shares. Description of business The Company is a fully-integrated, self-advised and self-managed real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that owns, operates, acquires and develops commercial properties, primarily multi-tenant industrial, flex and office space. As of December 31, 2020, the Company owned and operated 27.7 million rentable square feet of commercial space in six states comprising 98 parks and 675 buildings. The Company also held a 95.0% interest in a joint venture entity which owns Highgate at The Mile, a 395-unit multifamily apartment complex located in Tysons, Virginia, and a 98.2% interest in a joint venture formed to develop Brentford at The Mile, a planned 411-unit multifamily apartment complex also located in Tysons, Virginia. The Company manages for a fee approximately 0.4 million rentable square feet on behalf of PS. References herein to the number of properties, parks, apartment units or square footage are unaudited and outside the scope of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm's audit of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). 2. Summary of significant accounting policies Basis of presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of PSB and its subsidiaries, including the OP and our consolidated joint venture. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements. The financial statements are presented on an accrual basis in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). Consolidation and equity method of accounting We consider entities to be Variable Interest Entities (“VIEs”) when they have insufficient equity to finance their activities without additional subordinated financial support provided by other parties, or the equity holders as a group do not have a controlling financial interest. A limited partnership is also generally considered a VIE if the limited partners do not participate in operating decisions. We consolidate VIEs when we are the primary beneficiary, generally defined as having (i) the power to direct the activities most significantly impacting economic performance and (ii) either the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE. We account for investments in entities that are not VIEs that we have significant influence over, but do not control, using the equity method of accounting and for investment in entities that we control, we consolidate. We do not consider the joint venture entity that owns Highgate at The Mile a VIE, but we consolidate the entity as the Company has control over the joint venture. See Note 3 for more information relating to this joint venture arrangement. We have a 98.2% interest in Brentford at The Mile, a planned 411-unit multifamily apartment complex (the “Brentford Joint Venture”). An unrelated real estate development company (the “JV Partner”) holds the remaining 1.8% interest. Based on management’s analysis of the joint venture and certain related agreements, we have concluded we have control over the 55 Brentford Joint Venture as we (a) are the managing member of Brentford Joint Venture, (b) have designated decision making power to direct the activities that most significantly affect the economic performance of the joint venture, and (c) have a 98.2% economic interest in the investment. Thus, we determined the Brentford Joint Venture is a VIE, and that we are the primary beneficiary. As such, we consolidate the Brentford Joint Venture, and the related land and development costs of $15.1 million was included in land and building held for development, net on our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020. The assets of the Brentford Joint Venture may only be used to settle obligations of the Brentford Joint Venture and the creditors of the Brentford Joint Venture have no recourse to the general credit of the Company. See Note 4 for more information relating to this joint venture arrangement. PS, the sole limited partner in the OP, has no power to direct the activities of the OP. PSB is the primary beneficiary and has control over the OP as we have the exclusive responsibility under the Operating Partnership Agreement to manage and conduct the business of the OP. Accordingly, we consider the OP a VIE and consolidate it. Substantially all of our assets and liabilities are held by the OP. Noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests represent (i) PS’s noncontrolling interest in the OP through its ownership of 7,305,355 common partnership units (ii) a third-party 5.0% interest in our consolidated joint venture that owns Highgate at The Mile and (iii) a 1.8% interest in our consolidated joint venture formed to develop Brentford at The Mile. See Note 7 for further information on noncontrolling interests. Use of estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Financial instruments The methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments are described below. The Company has estimated the fair value of financial instruments using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data to develop estimates of market value. Accordingly, estimated fair values are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized in current market exchanges. The Company determines the estimated fair value of financial assets and liabilities utilizing a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to a fair value measurement are considered to be observable or unobservable in a marketplace. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect market assumptions. This hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available. The following is the fair value hierarchy: • Level 1—quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets; • Level 2—quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and • Level 3—fair value measurements derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable. Financial assets that are exposed to credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents and receivables. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a remaining maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents, which consist primarily of money market investments, are only invested in entities with an investment grade rating. Receivables are balances due from various customers. Balances that the Company expects to become uncollectible are written off. Due to the short period to maturity of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other assets and accrued and other liabilities, the carrying values as presented on the consolidated balance sheets are reasonable estimates of fair value. 56 The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash per the consolidated statements of cash flow to the corresponding financial statement line items in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 (in thousands): Consolidated balance sheets Cash and cash equivalents Restricted cash included in Land and building held for development, net Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the period 2020 For The Years Ended December 31, 2019 2018 $ $ 69,083 $ 62,786 $ 37,379 1,088 1,088 1,088 70,171 $ 63,874 $ 38,467 During 2017, in conjunction with seeking entitlements to develop our multifamily projects in Tysons, Virginia, we contributed $1.1 million into an escrow account for the future development of an athletic field. This amount is reflected in the table above as restricted cash included in land and building held for development, net. Carrying values of the Company’s Credit Facility (as defined in Note 6) approximate fair value. The characteristics of these financial instruments, market data and other comparative metrics utilized in determining these fair values are “Level 2” inputs. Real estate facilities Real estate facilities are recorded at cost. Property taxes, insurance, interest and costs essential to the development of property for its intended use are capitalized during the period of development. Direct costs related to the renovation or improvement of the properties are capitalized. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Expenditures that are expected to provide benefit for a period greater than two years are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated useful life. Buildings and improvements are depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, which generally range from five to 30 years. Transaction costs, which include tenant improvements and lease commissions, for leases with terms greater than one year are capitalized and depreciated over the corresponding lease term. Property held for sale or development Real estate is classified as held for sale when the asset is being marketed for sale and we expect that a sale is likely to occur in the next 12 months. Real estate is classified as held for development when it is no longer used in its original form and it will be developed to an alternate use. Property held for sale or development is not depreciated. Intangible assets/liabilities When we acquire real estate facilities, an intangible asset is recorded in other assets for leases where the in-place rent is higher than market rents, and an intangible liability is recorded in other liabilities where the market rents are higher than the in-place rents. The amounts recorded are based upon the present value (using a discount rate which reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) of such differences over the lease term and such amounts are amortized to rental income over the respective remaining lease term. As of December 31, 2020, the value of above-market in-place rents resulted in net intangible assets of $1.2 million, net of $11.1 million of accumulated amortization and the value of below-market in-place rents resulted in net intangible liabilities of $2.2 million, net of $12.2 million of accumulated amortization. As of December 31, 2019, the value of above-market in-place rents resulted in net intangible assets of $1.2 million, net of $10.6 million of accumulated amortization and the value of below-market in-place rents resulted in net intangible liabilities of $2.4 million, net of $11.4 million of accumulated amortization. Additionally, when we acquire real estate facilities, the value of in-place lease intangible (i.e., customer lease-up costs) is recorded in other assets and is amortized to depreciation and amortization expense over the respective remaining lease term. As of December 31, 2020, the value of acquired in-place lease intangible resulted in net intangible assets of $5.3 million, net of $7.2 million of accumulated amortization. As of December 31, 2019, the value of acquired in-place lease intangible resulted in net intangible assets of $5.7 million, net of $4.1 million of accumulated amortization. 57 As of December 31, 2020, the value of our right-of-use (“ROU”) assets relating to our existing ground lease arrangements, included in “other assets” on our consolidated balance sheets and the corresponding liability included under “accrued and other liabilities,” was $1.5 million, net of $0.2 million of accumulated amortization. As of December 31, 2019, the value of our ROU assets and related liability relating to our ground lease arrangements was $1.6 million, net of $0.1 million of accumulated amortization. These ground leases expire in 2029 and 2030 and do not have options to extend. As of December 31, 2020, the remaining lease terms were 8.8 years and 9.1 years. Lease expense for these ground leases is recognized in the period the applicable costs are incurred, and the monthly lease amount for these operating leases is constant and without contractual increases throughout the remaining terms. Evaluation of asset impairment We evaluate our real estate and finite-lived intangible assets for impairment each quarter. If there are indicators of impairment and we determine that the carrying value of the asset is not recoverable from estimated future undiscounted cash flows to be received through the asset’s remaining life (or, if earlier, the expected disposal date), we record an impairment charge to the extent the carrying amount exceeds the asset’s estimated fair value less costs to sell or expected net proceeds from disposal. No impairment charges were recorded in any period presented herein. Asset impairment due to casualty loss It is our policy to record losses due to physical damages during the accounting period in which they occur, while the amount of monetary assets to be received from the insurance policy, if any, is recognized when receipt of insurance recoveries is probable. Losses, which are reduced by the related probable insurance recoveries, are recorded as costs of operations on the consolidated statements of income. Anticipated proceeds in excess of recognized losses would be considered a gain contingency and recognized when the contingency related to the insurance claim has been resolved. Anticipated recoveries for lost rental income due to property damages are also considered to be a gain contingency and recognized when the contingency related to the insurance claim has been resolved. No material casualty losses were incurred in any period presented herein. Stock compensation Share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, are recognized as stock compensation expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of income based on their grant date fair values, except for performance- based grants, which are accounted for based on their fair values at the beginning of the service period. See Note 10. Accrued and other liabilities Accrued and other liabilities consist primarily of rents prepaid by our customers, trade payables, property tax accruals, accrued payroll and contingent loss accruals when probable and estimable, as well as the intangible liabilities discussed above. We disclose the nature of significant losses not accrued that are reasonably possible of occurring and, if estimable, a range of exposure. The fair value of accrued and other liabilities approximate book value due to the short period until settlement. Other assets Other assets are comprised primarily of prepaid expenses, as well as the intangible assets discussed above. Revenue recognition We recognize the aggregate rent to be collected (including the impact of escalators and concessions) under leases ratably throughout the non-cancellable lease term on a “straight-line” basis, commencing when the customer takes control of the leased space. Cumulative straight-line rent recognized in excess of amounts billed per the lease term is presented as “deferred rent receivable” on our consolidated balance sheets. The Company presents reimbursements from customers for real estate taxes and other recoverable operating expenses under a single lease component presentation as the timing and 58 pattern of transfer of such reimbursements are the same as base rent, and the combined single component of such leases are classified as operating leases. Accordingly, the Company recognizes such variable lease payments resulting from the reimbursements from customers for real estate taxes and other recoverable operating expenses as rental income in the period the applicable costs are incurred. Property management fees are recognized in the period earned as other income. The Company monitors the collectability of its receivable balances, including deferred rent receivable balances, on an ongoing basis. The Company writes off uncollectible customer receivable balances, including deferred rent receivable balances, as a reduction to rental income in the period such balances are no longer probable of being collected. Therefore, recognition of rental income is limited to the lesser of the amount of cash collected or rental income reflected on a “straight- line” basis, plus any accruable variable lease payments for those customer receivable balances deemed uncollectible. The Company wrote-off accounts receivable and deferred rent receivable of $1.6 million and $3.1 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2020. The Company recognized revenue from our lease arrangements aggregating to $415.6 million, $429.8 million, and $413.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. This revenue consisted primarily of rental income from operating leases and the related variable lease payments resulting from reimbursements of property operating expenses. Base rental income was $319.2 million, $333.3 million, and $322.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, while variable lease payments were $96.4 million, $96.5 million, and $91.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. In April 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued a Staff Question-and-Answer ("Lease Modification Q&A") to respond to frequently asked questions about accounting for lease concessions related to the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic. Under existing lease guidance, an entity would have to determine, on a lease by lease basis, if a lease concession contained a lease modification which would be accounted for under the lease modification framework, or if a lease concession was an enforceable right or obligation that existed in the original lease, which would be accounted for outside the lease modification framework. The Lease Modification Q&A provides that, to the extent that cash flow after the lease concessions are substantially the same, or less than, the cash flow previously required by the existing lease, an entity is not required to evaluate each contract to determine whether a concession provided by a lessor to a lessee in response to the COVID-19 pandemic is a lease modification. Instead, an entity can account for such lease concessions either (i) as if they were part of the enforceable rights and obligations of the parties under the existing lease contract; or (ii) as a lease modification. Based on the Lease Modification Q&A, an entity is not required to account for all lease concessions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic under one elected option; however, the entity is required to apply the elected option consistently to leases with similar characteristics and in similar circumstances. In accordance with the Lease Modification Q&A, the Company has elected to account for lease concessions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic as a lease modification as the cash flow after these lease concessions is substantially the same, or less than, the cash flow previously required by the existing lease. The Company records rent deferrals and abatements in deferred rent receivable in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and will recognize these amounts over the remainder of the respective lease terms. For lease concessions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic that modified the terms and substantially changed the underlying cash flow of the existing lease for the remaining term, the Company accounts for such concession as a lease modification. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, for the year ended December 31, 2020 the Company entered into rent relief agreements with 393 customers (representing 11.0% of total customers based on rental income). The Company agreed to defer $5.7 million and abate $1.3 million of billed rental income during year ended December 31, 2020. As of February 19, 2021, of the $5.7 million of COVID-19 related rent deferrals, the Company collected $3.7 million, or 97.1%, of scheduled repayments billed through February 1, 2021. The duration and severity of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy are uncertain and are likely to impact collectability of certain customers rent receivable balances in the future. The Company has taken into account the current financial condition of its tenants, including consideration of COVID-19 impacts, in its estimation of its uncollectible accounts and deferred rents receivable at December 31, 2020. The Company is closely monitoring the collectability of such rents and will adjust future estimations as appropriate as further information becomes known. 59 Sales of real estate facilities Sales of real estate facilities are not part of our ordinary activities, and as a result, we consider such sales as contracts with non-customers. We recognize sales of real estate when we have collected payment and the attributes of ownership such as possession and control of the asset have been transferred to the buyer. If a contract for sale includes obligations to provide goods or services to the buyer, an allocated portion of the contract price is recognized as revenue as the related goods or services are transferred to the buyer. General and administrative expense General and administrative expense includes executive and other compensation, corporate office expenses, professional fees, and other such costs that are not directly related to the operation of our real estate facilities. Income taxes We have elected to be treated as a REIT, as defined in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As a REIT, we do not incur U.S. federal corporate income tax if we distribute all of our “REIT taxable income” each year, and if we meet certain organizational and operational requirements. We believe we have met these REIT requirements for all periods presented herein. Accordingly, we have recorded no U.S. federal corporate income tax expense related to our “REIT taxable income.” We recognize tax benefits of uncertain income tax positions that are subject to audit only if we believe it is more likely than not that the position would ultimately be sustained assuming the relevant taxing authorities had full knowledge of the relevant facts and circumstances of our positions. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, we did not recognize any tax benefit for uncertain tax positions. Accounting for preferred equity issuance costs We record preferred equity issuance costs as a reduction to paid-in capital on our consolidated balance sheets at the time the preferred securities are issued and reflect the carrying value of the preferred equity at its redemption value. An additional allocation of income is made from the common shareholders to the preferred shareholders in the amount of the original issuance costs, and we reclassify the redemption value from equity to liabilities, when we call preferred shares for redemption, with such liabilities relieved once the preferred shares are redeemed. Net income per common share Notwithstanding the presentation of income allocations on our consolidated statements of income, net income is allocated to (a) preferred shareholders, for distributions paid or payable, (b) preferred shareholders, to the extent redemption value exceeds the related carrying value (a “Preferred Redemption Allocation”), (c) our joint venture partner in proportion to their percentage interest in the joint ventures, to the extent the consolidated joint ventures produce net income or loss during the period and (d) restricted stock unit (“RSU”) holders, for non-forfeitable dividends paid adjusted for participation rights in undistributed earnings. The remaining net income is allocated to the common partnership units and our common shareholders, respectively, based upon the pro-rata aggregate number of units and shares outstanding. Basic and diluted net income per common share are each calculated based upon net income allocable to common shareholders, divided by (i) in the case of basic net income per common share, weighted average common shares and (ii) in the case of diluted income per share, weighted average common shares adjusted for the impact of stock compensation awards outstanding (Note 10) using the treasury stock method. The following table sets forth the components of our basic and diluted net income per share that are not reflected on the face of our consolidated statements of income, including the allocation of income to common shareholders and common partnership units, the percentage of weighted average shares and common partnership units, as well as basic and diluted weighted average shares for the years ended December 31, (in thousands): 60 Calculation of net income allocable to common shareholders Net income Net (income) loss allocated to Preferred shareholders based upon distributions Preferred shareholders based upon redemptions Noncontrolling interests—joint venture Restricted stock unit holders Net income allocable to common shareholders and noncontrolling interests—common units Net income allocation to noncontrolling interests— common units Net income allocable to common shareholders 2020 2019 2018 $ 206,705 $ 203,972 $ 271,901 (48,186) — (17) (716) (54,346) (11,007) (44) (910) (51,880) — 1,030 (1,923) 157,786 137,665 219,128 (33,141) 124,645 $ (28,962) 108,703 $ (46,229) 172,899 $ Calculation of common partnership units as a percentage of common share equivalents Weighted average common shares outstanding Weighted average common partnership units outstanding Total common share equivalents Common partnership units as a percentage of common share equivalents Weighted average common shares outstanding Basic weighted average common shares outstanding Net effect of dilutive stock compensation—based on treasury stock method using average market price Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding Segment reporting 27,475 7,305 34,780 27,418 7,305 34,723 21.0% 21.0% 27,321 7,305 34,626 21.1% 27,475 27,418 27,321 88 27,563 108 27,526 101 27,422 The Company has two operating segments: (i) the acquisition, development, ownership and management of commercial real estate and (ii) the acquisition, development, ownership and management of multifamily real estate, but has only one reportable segment as the multifamily segment does not meet the quantitative thresholds necessary to require reporting as a separate segment. Reclassifications Certain reclassifications have been made to the consolidated financial statements for 2019 in order to conform to the 2020 presentation, including reclassifying assets sold during 2020 from “real estate facilities, at cost” totaling $3.8 million as of December 31, 2019 into “properties held for sale, net” on our consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, we combined all non-cash rental income items into straight-line rent and amortization of lease intangibles, net within the operating activities section of our consolidated statements of cash flows for all periods presented herein. 61 3. Real estate facilities Activity related to our real estate facilities for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 is as follows (in thousands): $ Buildings and Accumulated Improvements Depreciation (1,012,798) $ — — — 17,345 (96,732) 6,252 (1,085,933) Balances at December 31, 2017 Acquisition of real estate facilities Consolidation of joint venture Capital expenditures Disposals (1) Depreciation and amortization expense Transfer to properties held for sale Balances at December 31, 2018 Acquisition of real estate facilities Capital expenditures Disposals (1) Depreciation and amortization expense Transfer to properties held for sale Balances at December 31, 2019 (2) Acquisition of real estate facilities Capital expenditures Disposals (1) Depreciation and amortization expense Transfer to properties held for sale Balances at December 31, 2020 ____________________________ Land 708,706 25,806 21,814 — — — — 756,326 88,093 — — — — 844,419 30,261 — — — — 874,680 $ $ $ 1,921,379 112,230 84,903 38,904 (17,345) — (4,208) 2,135,863 44,313 40,092 (15,796) — (1,164) 2,203,308 27,168 36,328 (19,399) — (16) 2,247,389 — — 15,796 (93,416) 5,064 (1,158,489) — — 19,399 (90,058) 46 (1,229,102) $ Total 1,617,287 138,036 106,717 38,904 — (96,732) 2,044 1,806,256 132,406 40,092 — (93,416) 3,900 1,889,238 57,429 36,328 — (90,058) 30 1,892,967 $ $ (1) Disposals primarily represent the book value of tenant improvements that have been removed upon the customer vacating their space. (2) Land, building and improvements, and accumulated depreciation, respectively, totaling $2.2 million, $2.8 million, and $1.2 million were reclassified as of December 31, 2019 to “properties held for sale, net” representing two industrial buildings totaling 40,000 square feet located in Redmond, Washington, which were subject to an eminent domain process and sold in 2020. We have a 95.0% interest in a joint venture that owns Highgate at The Mile, a 395-unit multifamily apartment complex on a five-acre parcel within The Mile. The remaining 5.0% interest in the joint venture is held by the JV Partner. We consolidate the joint venture that owns Highgate at The Mile and as such, the consolidated real estate assets and activities related to this joint venture are included in the table above. The unaudited December 31, 2020 net federal tax basis of real estate facilities was approximately $1.7 billion. As of December 31, 2020, we have commitments, pursuant to executed leases throughout our portfolio, to spend $9.1 million on transaction costs, which include tenant improvements and lease commissions. The purchase price of acquired properties is allocated to land, buildings and improvements (including tenant improvements, unamortized lease commissions, acquired in-place lease intangible and customer relationships, if any), and intangible assets and intangible liabilities (see Note 2), based upon the relative fair value of each component, which are evaluated independently. The Company must make significant assumptions in determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, which can affect the recognition and timing of revenue and depreciation and amortization expense. The fair value of land is estimated based upon, among other considerations, comparable sales of land within the same region. The fair value of buildings and improvements is determined using a combination of the income and replacement cost approaches which both utilize available market information relevant to the acquired property. The fair value of other acquired assets including tenant improvements and unamortized lease commissions are determined using the replacement cost approach. The amount recorded to acquired in-place lease intangible is also determined utilizing the income approach using market assumptions 62 which are based on management’s assessment of current market conditions and the estimated lease-up periods for the respective spaces. Transaction costs related to asset acquisitions are capitalized. On October 28, 2020, we acquired a multi-tenant industrial park comprising approximately 246,000 rentable square feet in Alexandria, Virginia, for a total purchase price of $46.6 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. On January 10, 2020, we acquired a multi-tenant industrial park comprising approximately 73,000 rentable square feet in La Mirada, California, for a total purchase price of $13.5 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. On December 20, 2019, we acquired a multi-tenant flex park comprising approximately 79,000 rentable square feet in Santa Clara, California, for a total purchase price of $16.8 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. On September 5, 2019, we acquired a multi-tenant industrial park comprising approximately 543,000 rentable square feet in Santa Fe Springs, California, for a total purchase price of $104.3 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. On April 18, 2019, we acquired a multi-tenant industrial park comprising approximately 74,000 rentable square feet in Signal Hill, California, for a total purchase price of $13.8 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. On June 8, 2018, we acquired two multi-tenant industrial parks aggregating 1.1 million rentable square feet in Springfield, Virginia, for a purchase price of $143.8 million, inclusive of capitalized transaction costs. The following table summarizes assets acquired and liabilities assumed for the years ended December 31, (in thousands): Land Buildings and improvements Other assets (above-market in-place rents) Accrued and other liabilities (below-market in-place rents) Other assets (in-place lease intangible) Total purchase price Net operating assets acquired and liabilities assumed Total cash paid 2020 2019 2018 30,261 27,168 523 (557) 2,700 60,095 (76) 60,019 $ $ 88,093 44,313 — (1,241) 3,777 134,942 (664) 134,278 $ $ 25,806 112,230 1,487 (1,790) 6,033 143,766 (1,367) 142,399 $ $ The following table summarizes the assets acquired and liabilities assumed related to the consolidation of the joint venture, which was accounted for as an asset acquisition, as of January 1, 2018 (in thousands): Land Buildings and improvements Other assets (in-place lease intangible) Total consolidated joint venture Noncontrolling interest in consolidated joint venture Net book value of joint venture at consolidation $ $ 21,814 84,903 1,199 107,916 (4,032) 103,884 During 2020, we developed an 83,000 square foot shallow-bay industrial building at our Freeport Business Park in Irving, Texas. As of December 31, 2020, $7.8 million had been incurred and was reflected under land and building held for development, net on our consolidated balance sheets. An additional $0.3 million was incurred subsequent to December 31, 2020 and construction was completed in January 2021. Properties Sold On September 16, 2020, the Company sold two industrial buildings totaling 40,000 square feet located in Redmond, Washington, which were subject to an eminent domain process for net proceeds of $11.4 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $7.7 million. On January 7, 2020, we sold an 113,000 square foot office building located at Metro Park North in Rockville, Maryland, for net sale proceeds of $29.3 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $19.6 million. These properties were classified as held for sale, net, in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019. 63 On October 8, 2019, the Company sold 1.3 million rentable square feet of flex and office business parks located in Rockville and Silver Spring, Maryland, for net sale proceeds of $144.6 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $16.6 million. We determined that these sales did not meet the criteria for discontinued operations presentation, as the sales of such assets did not represent a strategic shift that will have a major effect on our operations and financial results. On March 5, 2018, we sold Corporate Pointe Business Park, a park consisting of five multi-tenant office buildings totaling 161,000 square feet located in Orange County, California, for net sale proceeds of $41.7 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $26.8 million. On April 18, 2018, we sold Orange County Business Center, a park consisting of five multi- tenant office buildings totaling 437,000 square feet located in Orange County, California, for net sale proceeds of $73.3 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $50.6 million. On April 30, 2018, we sold Northgate Business Park, a park consisting of seven multi-tenant flex buildings totaling 194,000 square feet located in Dallas, Texas, for net sale proceeds of $11.8 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $7.9 million. On October 31, 2018, we sold Orangewood Office Park, a park consisting of two multi-tenant office buildings totaling 107,000 square feet located in Orange County, California, for net sale proceeds of $18.3 million, which resulted in a gain on sale of $8.2 million. We determined that these sales also did not meet the criteria for discontinued operations presentation, as the sales of such assets did not represent a strategic shift that will have a major effect on our operations and financial results. 4. Multifamily developmental activity In August 2020, the Company entered into the Brentford Joint Venture with the JV Partner for the purpose of developing Brentford at The Mile, a planned 411-unit multifamily apartment complex. Under the Brentford Joint Venture agreement, the Company has a 98.2% controlling interest and is the managing member with the JV Partner holding the remaining 1.8% limited partnership interest. We contributed the Brentford Parcel to the Brentford Joint Venture at a value of $18.5 million, for which we received equity contribution credit in the Brentford Joint Venture. Our cost basis in the Brentford Parcel was $5.5 million as of December 31, 2020. Construction of Brentford at The Mile commenced in August 2020 and is anticipated to be completed over a period of 24 to 36 months. As of December 31, 2020, the development cost incurred was $9.6 million, which is reflected in land and building held for development, net on our consolidated balance sheets along with our $5.5 million cost basis in the Brentford Parcel. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company also recorded non-capitalizable demolition costs of $0.3 million in interest and other expense on our consolidated statements of income. 5. Leasing activity The Company leases space in its commercial real estate facilities to customers primarily under non-cancelable leases generally ranging from one to 10 years. Future minimum rental income, excluding recovery of operating expenses that may be collectable under these leases, as of December 31, 2020 is as follows (in thousands): 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Thereafter Total $ $ 295,415 224,442 160,352 109,475 65,356 120,165 975,205 In addition to minimum rental payments, certain customers reimburse the Company for their pro rata share of specified property operating expenses. Such reimbursements amounted to $96.4 million, $96.5 million, and $91.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. These variable lease payment amounts are included as rental income in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. Leases accounting for 2.9% of total leased square footage are subject to termination options, of which 1.8% have termination options exercisable through December 31, 2021 (unaudited). In general, these leases provide for termination payments to us should the termination options be exercised. Certain leases also have an option to extend the term of the lease. The future minimum rental income in the above table assumes termination options and lease extension options are not exercised. 64 6. Bank loans We have an unsecured revolving line of credit (the “Credit Facility”) with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (“Wells Fargo”). The Credit Facility has a borrowing limit of $250.0 million and expires January 10, 2022. The rate of interest charged on borrowings is based on LIBOR plus 0.80% to LIBOR plus 1.55% depending on the Company’s credit ratings. Currently, the Company’s rate under the Credit Facility is LIBOR plus 0.825%. In addition, the Company is required to pay an annual facility fee ranging from 0.10% to 0.30% of the borrowing limit depending on the Company’s credit ratings (currently 0.125%). We had zero balance outstanding on our Credit Facility at December 31, 2020 and 2019. The Company had $0.2 million and $0.5 million of total unamortized loan origination costs as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, which is included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Credit Facility requires us to meet certain covenants, all of which we were in compliance with at December 31, 2020. Interest on outstanding borrowings is payable monthly. 7. Noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests represent (i) PS’s noncontrolling interest in the OP through its ownership of 7,305,355 common partnership units, totaling $215.7 million and $213.2 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and (ii) the JV Partner’s interests in our consolidated joint ventures, totaling $3.3 million and $2.9 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. PS OP Interests Each common partnership unit receives a cash distribution equal to the dividend paid on our common shares and is redeemable at PS’s option. If PS exercises its right of redemption, at PSB’s option (a) PS will receive one common share from us for each common partnership unit redeemed, or (b) PS will receive cash from us for each common partnership unit redeemed generally equal to the market value of a common share (as defined in the Operating Partnership Agreement). We can prevent redemptions that we believe would violate either our articles of incorporation or securities laws, cause PSB to no longer qualify as a REIT, or could result in the OP no longer being treated as a partnership for U.S. federal tax purposes. In allocating net income and presenting equity, we treat the common partnership units as if converted to common shares. Accordingly, they received the same net income allocation per unit as a common share totaling $33.1 million, $29.0 million, and $46.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. JV Partner As a result of consolidating the Brentford Joint Venture, the Company recorded noncontrolling interests of $0.5 million related to the JV Partner’s 1.8% interest during the year ended December 31, 2020. In conjunction with consolidating the joint venture owning Highgate at The Mile, we recorded noncontrolling interest of $4.0 million related to the JV Partner’s 5.0% interest on January 1, 2018. 8. Related party transactions We manage certain industrial, office and retail facilities in the United States for PS under either the “Public Storage” or “PS Business Parks” names (the “PS Management Agreement”). Under PS’s supervision, we coordinate and assist in rental and marketing activities, property maintenance and other operational activities, including the selection of vendors, suppliers, employees and independent contractors. We receive a management fee based upon a percentage of revenues, which is included in interest and other income on our consolidated statements of income. Management fee revenues were $0.3 million, $0.3 million, and $0.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. We allocate certain operating expenses to PS related to the management of these properties, including payroll and other business expenses, totaling $0.4 million, $0.4 million, and $0.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. 65 The PS Business Parks name and logo are owned by PS and licensed to us under a non-exclusive, royalty-free license agreement. The license can be terminated by either party for any reason with six months written notice. PS provides us property management services for the self-storage component of two assets we own and operates them under the “Public Storage” name. Either the Company or PS can cancel the property management contract upon 60 days’ notice. Under our supervision, PS coordinates and assists in rental and marketing activities, and property maintenance and other operational activities, including the selection of vendors, suppliers, employees and independent contractors. Management fee expenses were $0.1 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. Additionally, PS allocated certain operating expenses to us related to the management of these properties totaling $0.1 million for each of the three years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. These amounts are included under cost of operations on our consolidated statements of income. Pursuant to a cost sharing agreement, we share certain administrative services, corporate office space, and certain other third party costs with PS which are allocated based upon fair and reasonable estimates of the cost of the services expected to be provided. We reimbursed PS $1.2 million for costs PS incurred on our behalf for each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018. PS reimbursed us less than $0.1 million for costs we incurred on their behalf for each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. The Company had net amounts due to PS of less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, for these contracts. 9. Shareholders’ equity Preferred stock As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had the following series of preferred stock outstanding: Series Series W Series X Series Y Series Z Total Issuance Date October 2016 September 2017 December 2017 November 2019 Earliest Potential Redemption Date October 2021 September 2022 December 2022 November 2024 Dividend Rate Shares Outstanding Amount (in thousands) 5.200% 5.250% 5.200% 4.875% 7,590 9,200 8,000 13,000 37,790 $ $ 189,750 230,000 200,000 325,000 944,750 On December 30, 2019, the Company completed the redemption of its 5.75% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series U, at par of $230.0 million as well as its 5.70% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series V, at par of $110.0 million. The Company recorded a Preferred Redemption Allocation of $11.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. On November 4, 2019, we issued $325.0 million or 13,000,000 depositary shares representing interests in our 4.875% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series Z, at $25.00 per depositary share. The 4.875% Series Z Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units are non-callable for five years and have no mandatory redemption. We received $316.0 million in net issuance proceeds. On January 3, 2018, we completed the redemption of our remaining 6.00% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series T, at par of $130.0 million. We recorded a Preferred Redemption Allocation of $4.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2017 and reclassified the shares from equity to “preferred stock called for redemption” on our consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2017. We paid $48.2 million, $54.3 million, and $52.6 million in distributions to our preferred shareholders for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. The holders of our preferred stock have general preference rights with respect to liquidation, quarterly distributions and any accumulated unpaid distributions. Holders of our preferred stock will not be entitled to vote on most matters, except under certain conditions. In the event of a cumulative arrearage equal to six quarterly dividends, the holders of our preferred 66 stock will have the right to elect two additional members to serve on the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) until all events of default have been cured. At December 31, 2020, there were no dividends in arrears. Except under certain conditions relating to the Company’s qualification as a REIT, our preferred stock is not redeemable prior to the redemption dates noted above. On or after the respective redemption dates, the respective series of preferred stock will be redeemable, at the option of the Company, in whole or in part, at $25.00 per depositary share, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends. Common stock and units We paid $115.4 million ($4.20 per common share), $115.2 million ($4.20 per common share), and $103.8 million ($3.80 per common share) in distributions to our common shareholders for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. We paid $30.7 million ($4.20 per common unit), $30.7 million ($4.20 per common unit), and $27.8 million ($3.80 per common unit) in distributions to our common unit holders for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. The portion of the distributions classified as ordinary income was 100.0%, 100.0%, and 99.3% for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. The portion of the distributions classified as long-term capital gain income was 0.0%, 0.0% and 0.7% for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. The percentages in the two preceding sentences are unaudited. During the three months ended June 30, 2018, the Board increased our quarterly dividend from $0.85 per common share to $1.05 per common share. Equity stock The Company is authorized to issue 100.0 million shares of Equity Stock. The Articles of Incorporation provide that Equity Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series and give the Board broad authority to fix the dividend and distribution rights, conversion and voting rights, redemption provisions and liquidation rights of each series of Equity Stock. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, no equity stock had been issued. 10. Stock compensation Under various share-based compensation plans, PSB grants non-qualified options to purchase the Company’s common shares at a price not less than fair value on the date of grant, as well as RSUs, to certain directors, officers and key employees. The service period for stock options and RSUs begins when (i) the Company and the recipient reach a mutual understanding of the key terms of the award, (ii) the award has been authorized, (iii) the recipient is affected by changes in the market price of our stock and (iv) it is probable that any performance conditions will be met, and ends when the stock options or RSUs vest. We amortize the fair value of awards starting at the beginning of the service period as compensation expense. For awards that are earned solely upon the passage of time and continued service, the entire cost of the award is amortized on a straight- line basis over the service period. For awards with performance conditions, the individual cost of each vesting is amortized separately over each individual service period (the “accelerated attribution” method). We account for forfeitures of share-based payments as they occur by reversing previously amortized share-based compensation expense with respect to grants that are forfeited in the period the employee terminates employment. In August 2020, the Company announced that Maria Hawthorne was retiring from her role as President and CEO effective September 1, 2020 and would continue to serve as a director of the Company. Due to Ms. Hawthorne’s continued service as a director of the Company, her unvested stock option and restricted stock units will continue to vest on their original vesting schedule in accordance with the Company’s 2012 Equity and Performance-Based Incentive Compensation Plan and related award agreements. For financial reporting purposes, the end of the service periods for these stock option and restricted stock unit grants have changed from the various respective vesting dates to September 1, 2020, the date of her retirement as President and CEO. Accordingly, all remaining stock compensation expense for Ms. Hawthorne, which 67 totaled $1.7 million, was amortized and included in general and administrative expense during the year ended December 31, 2020. Stock Options Stock options expire 10 years after the grant date and the exercise price is equal to the closing trading price of our common shares on the grant date. Stock option holders cannot require the Company to settle their award in cash. We use the Black-Scholes option valuation model to estimate the fair value of our stock options on the date of grant. Stock option expense for the year ( in 000's) $ Aggregate exercise date intrinsic value of options exercised during the year (in 000's) $ 412 305 $ $ 299 1,567 $ $ 236 2,752 2020 2019 2018 Average assumptions used in valuing options with the Black-Scholes method: Expected life of options in years, based upon historical experience Risk-free interest rate Expected volatility, based upon historical volatility Expected dividend yield 5 0.4% 22.3% 3.3% 5 2.0% 22.2% 2.6% 5 2.8% 20.8% 2.9% Average estimated value of options granted during the year $ 15.27 $ 26.85 $ 18.11 As of December 31, 2020, there was $1.0 million of unamortized compensation expense related to stock options expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.4 years. Cash received from 4,136 stock options exercised during the year ended December 31, 2020 was $0.3 million. Cash received from 15,585 stock options exercised during the year ended December 31, 2019 was $1.0 million. Cash received from 44,994 stock options exercised during the year ended December 31, 2018 was $3.0 million. Information with respect to stock options during 2020, 2019, and 2018 is as follows: Options: Outstanding at December 31, 2017 Granted Exercised Forfeited Outstanding at December 31, 2018 Granted Exercised Forfeited Outstanding at December 31, 2019 Granted Exercised Forfeited Outstanding at December 31, 2020 Exercisable at December 31, 2020 RSUs Number of Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contract Life Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands) 172,409 16,000 (44,994) — 143,415 34,000 (15,585) (4,000) 157,830 18,000 (4,136) — 171,694 105,094 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 78.63 115.45 66.88 — 86.42 163.95 62.15 110.04 104.92 127.22 62.29 — 108.29 89.74 4.49 Years 3.85 Years $ $ 5,278 4,744 RSUs granted prior to 2016 are subject to a six-year vesting, with 20% vesting after year two, and 20% vesting after each of the next four years. RSUs granted during and subsequent to 2016 are subject to a five-year vesting at the rate of 20% per year. Grantees receive dividends for each outstanding RSU equal to the per share dividend received by common shareholders. We expense any dividends previously paid upon forfeiture of the related RSU. Upon vesting, the grantee receives common shares equal to the number of vested RSUs, less common shares withheld in exchange for tax withholdings 68 made by the Company to satisfy the grantee’s statutory tax liabilities arising from the vesting. The fair value of our RSUs is determined based upon the applicable closing trading price of our common shares on the date of grant. In March 2020, the Compensation Committee of the Board approved an annual performance-based equity incentive program (“Annual Equity Incentive Program”) under the Company’s 2012 Equity and Performance-Based Incentive Compensation Plan. Under the program, certain employees will be eligible on an annual basis to receive RSUs based on the Company’s achievement of pre-established targets for (i) growth in net asset value per share, and (ii) shareholder value creation, each as computed pursuant to the terms of the Annual Equity Incentive Program. In the event the pre-established targets are achieved, eligible employees will receive the target award, except that the Compensation Committee of the Board may adjust the actual award to 75%-125% of the target award based on the their assessment of whether certain strategic and operational goals were accomplished in the performance period. During the year ended December 31, 2020, management determined that it was not probable that the targets under the Annual Equity Incentive Program for the 2020 performance year would be met, largely due to the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and, as such, the Company did not record stock compensation expense related to the Annual Equity Incentive Program. During the three months and year ended December 31, 2020, the Company granted a total of 18,286 RSUs to our Regional and Divisional Vice Presidents. Furthermore, during the same periods, the Company also granted a one-time special equity grant of 20,000 RSUs to our Interim President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Operating Officer. Information with respect to RSUs during 2020, 2019, and 2018 is as follows (dollar amounts in thousands): Restricted Stock Units: Nonvested at December 31, 2017 Granted Vested Forfeited Nonvested at December 31, 2018 Granted Vested Forfeited Nonvested at December 31, 2019 Granted Vested Forfeited Nonvested at December 31, 2020 Number of RSUs Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value 165,083 194,450 (106,103) (10,140) 243,290 6,400 (95,500) (3,342) 150,848 46,036 (73,256) (2,120) 121,508 $ $ $ 15,116 18,431 (9,256) (905) 23,386 1,137 (8,753) (345) 15,425 5,562 (6,991) (290) 13,706 As of December 31, 2020, there was $7.8 million of unamortized compensation expense related to RSUs expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.4 years. (In thousands, except number of shares) Restricted share unit expense Common shares issued upon vesting Fair value of vested shares on vesting date Cash paid for taxes in lieu of shares upon vesting of RSUs 2020 2019 2018 $ $ $ 4,475 $ 43,458 10,350 4,216 $ $ 3,196 $ 55,267 15,078 6,350 $ $ 3,727 62,500 12,127 4,981 In July 2019, the Company amended the Retirement Plan for Non-Employee Directors (the “Director Retirement Plan”), to increase the maximum shares issued upon retirement as a director from 8,000 shares to 10,000 shares of common stock. The Company recognizes compensation expense with regard to grants to be issued in the future under the Director Retirement Plan over the requisite service period. The Company recorded compensation expense related to these shares of $0.8 million, $1.5 million, and $0.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. 69 In April 2019, we issued 8,000 shares to a director upon retirement with an aggregate fair value of $1.2 million. No director retirement shares were issued during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2018. 11. Commitments and contingencies The Company currently is neither subject to any material litigation nor, to management’s knowledge, is any material litigation currently threatened against the Company other than routine litigation and administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. 12. Subsequent Events Other than as disclosed elsewhere, no subsequent events have occurred that would require recognition in the consolidated financial statements or disclosure in the accompanying notes. 70 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 7 9 9 1 7 9 9 1 7 9 9 1 7 9 9 1 1 1 0 2 7 9 9 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 2 7 9 9 1 0 2 0 2 7 9 9 1 7 9 9 1 7 9 9 1 1 1 0 2 7 9 9 1 7 9 9 1 1 1 0 2 7 9 9 1 7 9 9 1 5 0 0 2 4 1 0 2 / 1 1 0 2 8 9 9 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 2 7 9 9 1 6 0 0 2 1 1 0 2 3 1 0 2 7 9 9 1 5 0 5 , 8 7 9 3 , 3 0 8 8 , 1 1 0 0 3 , 2 3 9 0 , 8 0 0 0 , 2 1 3 0 2 , 2 5 1 4 , 7 5 8 1 , 3 4 0 8 , 9 1 5 2 7 , 3 3 6 2 , 6 8 4 3 , 2 4 8 3 , 0 2 2 5 7 , 4 1 2 0 , 2 1 1 1 2 0 6 4 , 7 3 2 0 5 , 7 9 6 2 , 6 1 1 5 6 , 0 1 2 8 8 9 0 8 , 7 2 0 5 , 4 0 3 2 , 8 3 6 4 , 6 1 9 6 7 , 4 1 7 8 0 , 8 0 5 7 , 6 1 2 2 8 , 1 7 7 9 , 5 4 9 7 , 9 9 2 2 , 3 8 8 4 , 2 6 1 3 , 7 1 5 9 9 , 3 e l b a i c e r p e D s e v i L ) s r a e Y ( d e r i u q c A ) s ( r a e Y d e t a l u m u c c A n o i t a i c e r p e D t a t n u o m A g n i y r r a C s s o r G 0 2 0 2 , 1 3 r e b m e c e D s g n i d l i u B d n a t s o C d e z i l a t i p a C o t t n e u q e s b u S n o i t i s i u q c A s g n i d l i u B d n a s g n i d l i u B d n a y n a p m o C o t t s o C l a i t i n I . C N I , S K R A P S S E N I S U B S P N O I T A I C E R P E D D E T A L U M U C C A D N A E T A T S E L A E R - I I I E L U D E H C S 0 2 0 2 , 1 3 R E B M E C E D ) S D N A S U O H T N I ( l a t o T s t n e m e v o r p m I d n a L s t n e m e v o r p m I s t n e m e v o r p m I d n a L t e e F e r a u q S n o i t a c o L n o i t p i r c s e D $ 8 8 5 , 4 1 $ 3 4 3 , 1 1 $ 5 4 2 , 3 $ 0 9 1 , 5 6 5 2 , 9 1 8 2 3 , 3 7 9 0 , 4 3 4 8 7 , 7 1 8 0 2 , 0 1 5 4 3 , 9 2 7 3 5 , 5 1 4 4 8 , 2 7 2 0 2 , 7 1 2 0 9 , 5 2 1 9 5 , 9 3 2 5 , 7 8 4 7 1 , 0 2 2 4 5 , 9 1 5 5 4 , 3 1 2 4 4 , 4 6 7 4 3 , 1 1 6 4 0 , 6 2 0 7 5 , 1 5 8 7 3 , 1 6 7 7 , 2 1 7 4 5 , 7 1 3 8 7 , 3 1 2 7 3 , 6 2 5 7 9 , 7 3 3 7 1 , 8 3 6 6 1 , 4 2 1 8 7 , 2 1 1 0 0 , 8 2 3 5 5 , 5 1 9 8 9 , 8 8 3 5 , 0 1 3 5 4 , 9 6 6 7 4 , 6 0 0 2 , 4 8 3 0 , 5 1 8 7 8 , 2 3 4 6 , 1 2 2 3 5 , 4 1 8 1 2 , 5 4 9 8 , 7 1 5 5 0 , 8 2 9 7 , 3 5 3 4 3 , 1 1 0 0 8 , 6 1 6 1 3 , 6 7 6 2 , 9 5 3 8 7 , 2 1 4 4 1 , 5 1 3 3 3 , 2 0 8 1 , 8 4 0 1 3 , 9 8 3 5 , 0 2 9 6 2 , 5 2 0 9 0 , 1 8 9 6 , 9 9 0 9 , 1 1 9 8 8 , 0 1 1 6 6 , 0 2 6 4 8 , 2 2 9 1 5 , 9 1 7 8 7 , 9 1 6 5 0 , 5 5 2 5 , 3 1 5 9 0 , 2 1 9 4 4 , 5 9 0 6 , 6 4 4 3 , 4 4 0 9 9 , 4 0 9 9 8 1 2 , 4 0 5 4 2 5 2 , 3 0 9 9 , 4 4 5 4 , 2 1 1 5 4 , 1 1 2 8 4 , 7 2 5 0 , 9 1 9 5 8 , 5 2 0 1 , 9 5 7 2 , 3 6 5 2 , 8 2 1 9 3 , 7 8 9 3 , 4 2 2 1 , 1 1 2 6 2 , 6 1 7 3 0 , 2 8 0 5 , 5 1 0 3 , 6 2 8 8 2 8 7 0 , 3 8 3 6 , 5 4 9 8 , 2 1 1 7 , 5 9 2 1 , 5 1 4 5 6 , 8 1 9 7 3 , 4 5 2 7 , 7 6 7 4 , 4 1 8 5 4 , 3 0 4 5 , 3 9 2 9 , 3 9 0 1 , 5 2 6 8 4 , 1 0 4 6 , 3 4 0 7 , 1 5 6 7 , 4 1 6 6 , 1 2 5 1 , 1 5 7 3 , 6 7 8 3 0 4 6 , 1 3 4 2 , 1 1 9 2 , 3 2 3 5 9 7 0 , 1 2 4 1 9 4 8 , 4 4 6 9 1 1 7 , 4 0 8 1 1 2 6 , 8 9 5 2 , 4 3 5 7 , 6 8 4 1 , 4 4 8 3 6 3 8 , 1 3 4 8 0 0 8 , 3 2 1 6 , 6 2 9 7 , 2 9 3 9 , 1 8 9 8 , 6 0 1 2 , 1 8 1 7 0 3 3 , 3 3 5 5 8 7 3 3 5 4 , 7 8 4 3 , 1 1 7 $ 3 0 7 , 7 6 9 4 , 2 3 7 2 , 0 1 7 1 2 , 1 1 9 4 , 0 2 7 5 1 , 8 1 3 8 , 4 4 5 2 , 6 1 2 1 8 , 6 1 0 5 , 0 5 1 1 8 , 0 1 1 2 7 , 5 1 4 7 1 , 6 8 1 4 , 4 5 9 1 8 , 1 1 3 3 4 , 0 1 3 5 1 , 2 9 5 5 , 9 3 1 5 0 , 5 5 8 7 , 3 1 1 2 1 , 1 2 6 0 7 2 6 8 , 7 6 6 0 , 1 1 9 8 0 , 7 9 4 0 , 4 1 4 5 0 , 0 2 0 8 5 , 7 1 9 8 8 , 2 1 6 4 8 , 3 7 0 8 , 2 1 5 6 7 , 8 6 9 8 , 4 1 3 2 , 6 1 9 8 , 6 3 2 4 6 , 3 $ 5 4 2 , 3 $ 0 9 9 8 1 2 , 4 0 5 4 4 5 4 , 2 1 2 5 2 , 3 0 9 9 , 4 1 5 4 , 1 1 2 8 4 , 7 2 5 0 , 9 1 9 5 8 , 5 2 0 1 , 9 5 7 2 , 3 6 5 2 , 8 2 1 9 3 , 7 8 9 3 , 4 2 2 1 , 1 1 2 6 2 , 6 1 7 3 0 , 2 8 0 5 , 5 1 0 3 , 6 2 8 8 2 8 7 0 , 3 8 3 6 , 5 4 9 8 , 2 1 1 7 , 5 9 2 1 , 5 1 4 5 6 , 8 1 9 7 3 , 4 5 2 7 , 7 6 7 4 , 4 1 8 5 4 , 3 0 4 5 , 3 9 2 9 , 3 9 0 1 , 5 2 6 8 4 , 1 7 1 3 7 7 5 9 3 1 3 6 4 2 7 4 1 4 0 1 4 3 3 9 9 1 3 6 4 9 4 2 1 7 2 3 8 1 9 0 , 1 6 7 1 7 0 4 3 7 3 1 5 1 0 1 7 9 2 5 0 5 2 1 9 9 1 0 0 2 4 6 1 1 7 3 3 3 2 3 8 2 4 1 2 3 1 2 6 1 3 7 7 1 7 6 3 1 1 0 4 3 2 5 A C , k r a P a n e u B r e t n e C l a i r t s u d n I k r a P a n e u B A C , n o s r a C A C , s o t i r r e C A C , s o t i r r e C A C , d r o c n o C A C , y t i C r e v l u C A C , t n o m e r F A C , t n o m e r F r e t n e C s s e n i s u B s o t i r r e C k r a P s s e n i s u B d r o c n o C s d r a w d E / s o t i r r e C k r a P s s e n i s u B w e i v y a B k r a P s s e n i s u B y t s i r h C y t i C r e v l u C n o s r a C A C , t n o m e r F r e t n e C n o i t u b i r t s i D e v i r D l a i r t s u d n I A C , d r a w y a H A C , d r a w y a H A C , d r a w y a H A C , d r a w y a H A C , d r a w y a H A C , d r a w y a H A C , d r a w y a H k r a P s s e n i s u B r e t n e C y a B r e t n e C n o i t u b i r t s i D t o b a C k r a P s s e n i s u B o l b a i D k r a P s s e n i s u B d o o w t n u H k r a P s s e n i s u B d r a w y a H e c r e m m o C y a w k r a P g n i d n a L n e d E A C , s l l i H a n u g a L r e t n e C e c r e m m o C s l l i H a n u g a L A C , a d a r i M a L r e t n e C e c r e m m o C a d a r i M a L A C , s l l i H a n u g a L A C , t s e r o F e k a L A C , y e r e t n o M A C , s a t i p l i M A C , k r a P y e r e t n o M A C , o g e i D n a S A C , o g e i D n a S A C , o g e i D n a S A C , d n a l k a O A C , e s o J n a S A C , e s o J n a S k r a P s s e n i s u B g n i d n a L n o x i D r e t n e C s s e n i s u B a d a n a C o g a L l e D a z a l P k r a P s s e n i s u B n o y n a C e s o R k r a P s s e n i s u B t o c r a h C s a m u l P s a L e l l a C / y e r e t n o M k r a P y e r e t n o M d n a l k a O f o t r o P a s e M y e n r a e K k s u L A C , o r d n a e L n a S A C , o e t a M n a S A C , n o m a R n a S A C , e s o J n a S A C , e s o J n a S A C , e s o J n a S k r a P l a i r t s u d n I e u g a t n o M d a o R d n a l k a O e v A s r e g o R r e t n e C e t a r o p r o C e r o h s y a B n o y n a C s i r r o N / n o m a R n a S k r a P s s e n i s u B e l t t i l o o D A C , e s o J n a S r e t n e C n o i t u b i r t s i D d r a h c r O e l t t i L e l b a i c e r p e D s e v i L ) s r a e Y ( d e r i u q c A ) s ( r a e Y d e t a l u m u c c A n o i t a i c e r p e D t a t n u o m A g n i y r r a C s s o r G 0 2 0 2 , 1 3 r e b m e c e D s g n i d l i u B d n a t s o C d e z i l a t i p a C o t t n e u q e s b u S n o i t i s i u q c A s g n i d l i u B d n a s g n i d l i u B d n a y n a p m o C o t t s o C l a i t i n I l a t o T s t n e m e v o r p m I d n a L s t n e m e v o r p m I s t n e m e v o r p m I d n a L t e e F e r a u q S n o i t a c o L n o i t p i r c s e D g 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 7 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 9 1 0 2 1 1 0 2 9 1 0 2 6 0 7 , 7 1 1 9 7 , 4 1 4 5 4 2 3 9 , 7 5 7 9 , 1 9 1 0 2 / 6 0 0 2 / 7 9 9 1 9 1 8 , 1 1 7 9 9 1 7 9 9 1 7 9 9 1 1 1 0 2 7 9 9 1 6 0 0 2 0 0 6 , 2 2 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, 8 6 5 3 , 7 5 6 6 , 5 3 1 8 , 7 7 8 3 , 5 0 9 1 0 2 7 , 8 0 5 0 , 2 3 3 8 7 , 3 3 3 8 5 , 2 0 7 4 , 1 5 1 1 , 9 2 0 4 7 , 1 9 2 7 9 , 1 1 2 9 3 , 7 1 1 1 7 , 7 1 4 5 9 , 5 3 3 2 7 , 3 1 0 0 8 , 5 1 8 5 9 , 8 1 5 9 9 , 4 7 7 7 , 3 1 4 0 5 , 9 1 6 9 9 , 7 3 2 0 , 0 1 6 2 2 , 0 1 7 5 1 , 2 4 4 0 , 7 1 5 3 0 , 2 1 6 9 6 , 5 9 3 5 5 , 2 2 0 4 , 2 1 0 2 7 , 0 2 4 7 4 , 7 7 4 9 , 1 1 8 5 8 , 7 9 0 2 , 4 4 9 0 9 , 7 1 5 0 2 , 1 2 5 0 5 , 9 2 8 0 1 , 2 8 2 3 8 2 7 , 5 2 1 3 7 , 0 8 2 2 4 , 0 1 4 6 8 , 4 1 6 6 7 , 5 1 7 7 4 , 0 3 1 0 7 , 1 1 2 9 6 , 3 1 4 8 0 , 7 1 6 7 2 , 4 1 1 5 , 2 1 4 9 9 , 6 1 4 5 2 , 6 6 1 4 , 7 5 8 2 , 9 7 7 6 , 1 0 8 4 , 2 1 8 1 5 , 0 1 7 0 7 , 1 8 8 5 0 , 2 6 6 8 , 0 1 4 9 4 , 5 1 5 7 6 , 6 0 5 7 , 9 8 1 4 , 6 1 7 0 , 5 2 3 7 1 , 3 1 8 1 2 , 7 1 3 7 6 , 7 2 3 9 , 2 1 9 3 4 , 3 1 4 9 4 , 5 6 0 6 3 , 6 1 9 9 8 6 7 7 1 2 6 7 2 2 , 3 1 8 1 3 , 2 5 9 7 , 7 5 1 1 , 5 9 5 4 8 , 0 1 8 7 2 , 4 5 7 4 2 4 1 , 1 7 8 3 , 3 9 0 0 , 1 1 0 5 5 , 1 8 2 5 , 2 5 4 9 , 1 7 7 4 , 5 2 2 0 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n a r F n a S h t u o S A C , a r a l C a t n a S A C , a r a l C a t n a S A C , a r a l C a t n a S A C , a r a l C a t n a S r e t n e C s s e n i s u B s a m o T n a S e t t e y a f a L t a h s l a W k r a P h c e T a r a l C a t n a S k r a P e c r e m m o C A C , y t i C o i d u t S A C , e l a v y n n u S L F , n o t a R a c o B A C , e c n a r r o T L F , n o t g n i l l e W D M , e l l i v s t l e B L F , i m a i M a r u t n e V / y t i C o i d u t S k r a P l a i r t s u d n I r e f i K e c r e m m o C a c o B e c n a r r o T n o t g n i l l e W e l a d n e m m A C C M I D M , g r u b s r e h t i a G r e h p o t s i r h C / g r u b s r e h t i a G D M , e l l i v k c o R D M , e l l i v k c o R D M , e l l i v k c o R X T , n i t s u A X T , n i t s u A X T , n i t s u A X T , n i t s u A X T , n i t s u A X T , n i t s u A X T , n i t s u A X T , n i t s u A X T , n i t s u A X T , h c n a r B s r e m r a F X T , h c n a r B s r e m r a F X T , h c n a r B s r e m r a F X T 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r I n i s e s a e l d n u o r g o t t c e j b u s e r a t a h t s e i t r e p o r p o w t s n w o y n a p m o C e h T ) 1 ( 5 7 1 , 1 2 2 , 1 5 9 2 , 5 1 0 , 3 9 2 4 , 2 6 1 , 2 6 6 8 , 2 5 8 2 9 1 , 8 0 5 7 3 2 , 4 5 6 , 1 6 6 8 , 2 5 8 8 2 7 , 7 2 e t a t s e l a e r l a i c r e m m o c l a t o T 3 7 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 10.1 10.2 PS BUSINESS PARKS, INC. EXHIBIT INDEX (Items 15(a)(3) and 15(b)) Restated Articles of Incorporation. Filed as exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S- 3 (SEC File No. 333-78627) and incorporated herein by reference. Amended and Restated Bylaws. Filed with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 4, 2020 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 5.20% Series W Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Field with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8- K dated October 11, 2016 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 5.25% Series X Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8- K dated September 12, 2017 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 5.20% Series Y Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8- K dated November 30, 2017 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Certificate of Determination of Preferences of 4.875% Series Z Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock of PS Business Parks, Inc. Filed with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8- K dated October 24, 2019 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Deposit Agreement Relating to 5.20% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series W of PS Business Parks, Inc. dated as of October 11, 2016. Filed with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 11, 2016 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Deposit Agreement Relating to 5.25% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series X of PS Business Parks, Inc. dated as of September 12, 2017. Filed with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 12, 2017 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Deposit Agreement Relating to 5.20% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series Y of PS Business Parks, Inc. dated as of November 30, 2017. Filed with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 30, 2017 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Deposit Agreement Relating to 4.875% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series Z of PS Business Parks, Inc. dated as of October 24, 2019. Filed with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 25, 2019 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Description of Registrant’s Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Filed with Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 (SEC File No. 001- 10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Amended Management Agreement between Storage Equities, Inc. and Public Storage Commercial Properties Group, Inc. dated as of February 21, 1995. Filed as exhibit 10.8 to PS’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (SEC File No. 001- 08389) and incorporated herein by reference. Agreement of Limited Partnership of PS Business Parks, L.P. Filed as exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1998 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. 74 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 * * Form of Indemnity Agreement. Filed as exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1998 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Form of Indemnification Agreement for Executive Officers. Filed with Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Cost Sharing and Administrative Services Agreement dated as of November 16, 1995 by and among PSCC, Inc. and the owners listed therein. Filed as exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1998 (SEC File No. 001- 10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Amendment to Cost Sharing and Administrative Services Agreement dated as of January 2, 1997 by and among PSCC, Inc. and the owners listed therein. Filed as exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1998 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Amendment to Agreement of Limited Partnership of PS Business Parks, L.P. relating to 5.20% Series W Cumulative Preferred Units, dated as of October 20, 2016. Filed with Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016 (SEC File No. 001- 10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Amendment to Agreement of Limited Partnership of PS Business Parks, L.P. relating to 5.25% Series X Cumulative Preferred Units, dated as of September 21, 2017. Filed with Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 (SEC File No. 001- 10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Amendment to Agreement of Limited Partnership of PS Business Parks, L.P. relating to 5.20% Series Y Cumulative Preferred Units, dated as of December 7, 2017. Filed with Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 (SEC File No. 001- 10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Amendment to Agreement of Limited Partnership of PS Business Parks, L.P. relating to 4.875% Series Z Cumulative Preferred Units, dated as of November 4, 2019. Filed with Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 (SEC File No. 001- 10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of January 10, 2017 by and among PS Business Parks, L.P., a California limited partnership, as borrower, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders. Filed with the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 10, 2017 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Third Amended and Restated Repayment Guaranty dated as of January 10, 2017. Filed with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 10, 2017 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Amendment to Amended Agreement of Limited Partnership of PS Business Parks, L.P. to Authorize Special Allocations, dated as of January 1, 2017. Filed with Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2018 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. 10.14 10.15 * * Registrant’s 2003 Stock Option and Incentive Plan. Filed with Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (SEC File No. 333-104604) and incorporated herein by reference. Revised Form of Director Stock Option Agreement. Filed with Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. 75 10.16 * 10.17 * 10.18 * 10.19 * 10.20 * 10.21 * 21 23 31.1 31.2 32.1 † † † † † Amendment to Form of Director Stock Option Agreement. Filed with Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Registrant’s 2012 Equity and Performance-Based Incentive Compensation Plan (2012 Plan). Filed with Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Amended and Restated Retirement Plan For Non-Employee Directors, as amended. Filed with Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 (SEC File No. 001- 10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Form of PS Business Parks, Inc. 2012 Equity and Performance-Based Incentive Compensation Plan Restricted Stock Unit Agreement. Filed with Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10- Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2020 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Form of PS Business Parks, Inc. 2012 Equity and Performance-Based Incentive Compensation Plan Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement. Filed with Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2020 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. Form of PS Business Parks, Inc. 2012 Equity and Performance-Based Incentive Compensation Plan Stock Unit Agreement. Filed with Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2020 (SEC File No. 001-10709) and incorporated herein by reference. List of Subsidiaries. Filed herewith. Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Filed herewith. Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Filed herewith. Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Filed herewith. Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Filed herewith. 101 .INS XBRL Instance Document. Filed herewith. 101 .SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema. Filed herewith. 101 .CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase. Filed herewith. 101 .DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase. Filed herewith. 101 .LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase. Filed herewith. 101 .PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase. Filed herewith. 104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). * Denotes management contract or compensatory plan agreement or arrangement. † Filed herewith. 76 Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. SIGNATURES Dated: February 22, 2021 PS BUSINESS PARKS, INC. By: /s/ John W. Petersen John W. Petersen Interim Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Signature Title Date /s/ Ronald L. Havner, Jr. Ronald L. Havner, Jr. /s/ John W. Petersen John W. Petersen /s/ Jeffrey D. Hedges Jeffrey D. Hedges /s/ Maria R. Hawthorne Maria R. Hawthorne /s/ Jennifer Holden Dunbar Jennifer Holden Dunbar /s/ James H. Kropp James H. Kropp /s/Kristy M. Pipes Kristy M. Pipes /s/ Gary E. Pruitt Gary E. Pruitt /s/ Robert S. Rollo Robert S. Rollo /s/ Joseph D. Russell, Jr. Joseph D. Russell, Jr. /s/ Peter Schultz Peter Schultz /s/ Stephen W. Wilson Stephen W. Wilson Chairman of the Board February 22, 2021 Interim Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) February 22, 2021 Chief Financial Officer (principal financial and accounting officer) February 22, 2021 Director February 22, 2021 Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Director 77 February 22, 2021 February 22, 2021 February 22, 2021 February 22, 2021 February 22, 2021 February 22, 2021 February 22, 2021 February 22, 2021 The following sets forth the subsidiaries of the Registrant and their respective states of incorporation or organization: List of Subsidiaries Exhibit 21 Name Amherst JV LLC Amherst Property, LLC American Office Park Properties, TPGP, Inc. AOPP Acquisition Corp. Two Arapaho Investors, LLC Brentford JV, LLC Brentford Property, LLC Charlton JV, LLC Charlton Property, LLC Hernmore Corporation KF Amherst LLC KF Brentford, LLC Miami International Commerce Center Association, Inc. PS Business Parks, L.P. PSB Amherst Investors, L.L.C. PSB Amherst L.L.C. PSB Amherst Finance LLC PSB Boca Commerce Park, LLC PSB Brentford, LLC PSB Charlton, LLC PSB Hathaway I & II LLC PSB MICC 2323 LLC PSB Northern California Industrial Portfolio, LLC PSB Pickett IP, LLC PSB San Tomas BC, LLC PSB Shady Grove LLC PSB Walnut BP, LLC PSB Wellington Commerce Park I, LLC PSB Wellington Commerce Park II, LLC PSB Wellington Commerce Park III, LLC PSBP Industrial, LLC PSBP Northpointe D LLC PSBP QRS, Inc. PSBP Springing Member LLC PSBP Westwood GP, LLC REVX-098, LLC Tenant Advantage, Inc. The Mile, LLC State Delaware Delaware California California Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Maryland Virginia Delaware Florida California Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Virginia California Maryland California Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Virginia California Delaware Delaware Delaware California Delaware Exhibit 23 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements: (1) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-48313) of PS Business Parks, Inc. pertaining to the PS Business Parks, Inc. 1997 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, (2) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-50274) of PS Business Parks, Inc. pertaining to the PS 401(k)/Profit Sharing Plan, (3) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-104604) of PS Business Parks, Inc. pertaining to the PS Business Parks, Inc. 2003 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, (4) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-129463) of PS Business Parks, Inc. pertaining to the PS Business Parks, Inc. Retirement Plan for Non-Employee Directors, (5) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-184316) of PS Business Parks, Inc. pertaining to the PS Business Parks, Inc. 2012 Equity and Performance-Based Incentive Compensation Plan, (6) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-203771) of PS Business Parks, Inc. pertaining to the PS Business Parks, Inc. Retirement Plan for Non-Employee Directors, and (7) Registration Statement (Form S-3ASR No. 333-223450) and related Prospectus of PS Business Parks, Inc.; of our reports dated February 22, 2021 with respect to the consolidated financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of PS Business Parks, Inc., included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2020, and the financial statement schedule of PS Business Parks, Inc. included herein. /s/ Ernst & Young, LLP Los Angeles, California February 22, 2021 Exhibit 31.1 CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 I, John W. Petersen, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of PS Business Parks, Inc.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. /s/ John W. Petersen Name: John W. Petersen Title: Interim Chief Executive Officer Date: February 22, 2021 Exhibit 31.2 CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 I, Jeffrey D. Hedges, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of PS Business Parks, Inc.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. /s/ Jeffrey D. Hedges Name: Jeffrey D. Hedges Title: Chief Financial Officer Date: February 22, 2021 Exhibit 32.1 Certification of CEO and CFO Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of PS Business Parks, Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ending December 31, 2020 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), John W. Petersen, as Interim Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Jeffrey D. Hedges, as Chief Financial Officer of the Company, each hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to their knowledge: (1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. /s/ John W. Petersen Name: John W. Petersen Title: Interim Chief Executive Officer Date: February 22, 2021 /s/ Jeffrey D. Hedges Name: Jeffrey D. Hedges Title: Chief Financial Officer Date: February 22, 2021 Corporate Headquarters Executive Officers Vice Presidents CORPORATE DATA 701 Western Avenue Glendale, California 91201-2349 (818) 244-8080 Telephone (818) 242-0566 Facsimile Website psbusinessparks.com Board of Directors RONALD L. HAVNER, JR. (1998) Chairman of the Board Chairman of the Board and Retired Chief Executive Officer Public Storage MARIA R. HAWTHORNE (2016) Retired President and Chief Executive Officer PS Business Parks, Inc. JENNIFER HOLDEN DUNBAR (2009) Co-Founder and Managing Director Dunbar Partners, LLC JAMES H. KROPP (1998) Retired Chief Investment Officer SLKW Investments LLC and Retired Chief Financial Officer Microproperties LLC KRISTY M. PIPES (2019) Retired Managing Director and Chief Financial Officer Deloitte Consulting GARY E. PRUITT (2012) Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Univar N.V. ROBERT S. ROLLO (2013) Retired Senior Partner Heidrick and Struggles JOSEPH D. RUSSELL, JR. (2003) President and Chief Executive Officer Public Storage PETER SCHULTZ (2012) Retired President, Chief Executive Officer and Director The Beacon Group, Inc. STEPHEN W. WILSON (2019) Retired Executive Vice President–Development AvalonBay Communities, Inc. ( ) = Year director was elected to the Board Stock Listing PS Business Parks, Inc. is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “PSB.” JOHN W. PETERSEN Interim President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Operating Officer JEFFREY D. HEDGES Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer TRENTON A. GROVES Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer Divisional Vice Presidents CHRISTOPHER M. AUTH Divisional Vice President, Northern Virginia and Maryland RICHARD GUERTIN Divisional Vice President, Florida STUART H. HUTCHISON Divisional Vice President, Southern California and Seattle RICHARD E. SCOTT Divisional Vice President, Northern California DAVID A. VICARS Divisional Vice President, Texas Transfer Agent American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC 6201 15th Avenue Brooklyn, NY 11219 (800) 937-5449 Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Ernst & Young LLP Los Angeles, CA Certifications The most recent certifications by our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 are filed as exhibits to our Form 10-K. Our Chief Executive Officer’s most recent annual certification to the New York Stock Exchange was submitted on May 20, 2020. MARK D. ANTROBIUS Regional Vice President, Southern California and Seattle RALPH D. ASHWORTH Vice President, Property Operations Controller THOMAS M. DRISCOLL Regional Vice President, Northern Virginia and Maryland AMY L. HERITAGE Regional Vice President, Austin, Texas COBY A. HOLLEY Vice President, Real Estate CRAIG B. MORROW Regional Vice President, Southern California and Seattle JEFFREY C. PASCHAL Regional Vice President, Texas NGOC VU ROSSI Regional Vice President, Northern California EDDIE F. RUIZ Vice President, Director of Facilities EUGENE UHLMAN Vice President, Construction Management JERREAD WRIGHT Vice President, Information Technology EDWARD ZAPTIN Regional Vice President, Northern Virginia and Maryland Additional Information Sources The Company’s website, psbusinessparks.com, contains financial information of interest to shareholders, brokers and others. PS Business Parks, Inc. is a member and active supporter of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts. PS BUSINESS PARKS, INC. 701 Western Avenue, Glendale, California 91201-2349 (818) 244-8080 • psbusinessparks.com psbusinessparks.com 

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