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Rambler Metals and Mining PLC

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FY2017 Annual Report · Rambler Metals and Mining PLC
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REGISTERED NUMBER: 05101822 (ENGLAND AND WALES) 

RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

ANNUAL REPORT AND 

AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CONTENTS OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Company Information 

Chairman’s Statement 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

Strategic Report   

Report of the Directors 

Directors’ Responsibilities  

Independent Auditor’s Report 

Consolidated Income Statement 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Company Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Company Statement of Financial Position 

Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

Company Statement of Cash Flows 

Notes to the Company Financial Statements 

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RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

COMPANY INFORMATION 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

Directors: 

T I Ackerman  
E C Chen 
B Labatte  
B A Mills  
G R Poulter  
M V Sander  
N P Williams  

Secretary: 

P Mercer 

Registered office: 

Salatin House 
19 Cedar Road 
Sutton 
Surrey 
SM2 5DA 

Registered number: 

5101822 (England and Wales) 

Auditor: 

Bankers: 

Solicitors: 

Deloitte LLP 
2 New Street Square 
London EC4A 3BZ 

HSBC plc 
69 Pall Mall 
London SW1Y 5EY 

Norton Rose Fulbright 
3 More London Riverside 
London SE1 2AQ 

Page 1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

In 2016 the Company changed its fiscal year from July 31 to December 31. The current reporting period is the three 
and twelve month periods ended December 31, 2017 (”Q4/17”). Comparative information has been restated for the 
year  ended  December  31,  2016  (“2016”)  and  in  line  with  calendar  quarters  and  has  been  provided  for  the  three 
month  period  ended  September  30,  2017  (“Q3/17”)  and  the  three  month  period  ended  December  31,  2016 
(‘Q4/16’). In addition comparative information for the five months ended December 31, 2016 has been provided in 
the financial statements as required under UK regulations. 

Fiscal 2017 saw the continuation of Phase II expansion plan for the Ming Copper-Gold Mine, targeting production of 
1,250 metric tonnes per day (‘mtpd’) with a life of mine now over 20 years based on current mineral reserves.  As 
previously  reported,  the  Company  originally  targeted  to  hit  this  production  level  mid-2017,  however,  delays  in 
underground  development  resulted  in  a  slippage  of  the  schedule  which  was  further  compounded  by  delays  in 
bringing the new underground ventilation system online. As a result, the Company revised its production targets to 
accommodate the delay.  Under the revised production guidance the operation was successful in setting a production 
record for the year producing approximately 340,000 dry metric tonnes (‘dmt’), a twenty seven percent increase year 
over year.   At the Nugget Pond copper and gold milling facility high capacity testing was completed to determine the 
plant’s  ability  to  process  at  the  targeted  throughput  rate  while  achieving  record  ore  throughput  during  the  fourth 
quarter,  processing  97,997  dry  metric  tonnes  (‘dmt’).  The  quarterly  production  included  17  days  running  at  an 
average  of  1,260  mtpd,  confirming  that  the  Company’s  mill  improvements  would  allow  the  facility  to  produce  at  a 
sustained rate at or greater than 1,250 mtpd.   

At  year  end  work  continued  on  the  ventilation  project  at  the  mine  site  which  was  successfully  completed  during 
March  2018.  Upon  completion  the  mine’s  ventilation  system  will  be  reversed  allowing  for  increased  “in  mine  time” 
which should provide for consistent increases in mine production and improved cycle times.  Given the productivity 
improvements just around the corner we are now turning our attention to increasing the overall mill feed grade and 
returning the Company to positive cash flows.  The project’s expansion will be completed during a time that has seen 
significant run up in short term copper and gold price forecasts with a positive long term outlook. The Company has 
now completed the capital improvements for its Phase II expansion with sustained production of 1,250 mtpd mining 
and milling to follow shortly. 

With  the  completion  of  Phase  II  expansion,  and  the  return  to  positive  cash  flow,  the  Company  will  continue  its 
evaluation on a potential Phase III expansion to demonstrate the full value of the copper-gold asset with an optimized 
mine and mill production plan.  Given its successes during the year the Company will also look to continue its surface 
exploration  drill  program.  In  2017  the  surface  drilling  program  demonstrated  that  the  Lower  Footwall  Zone  (‘LFZ’) 
mineralization continues well beyond the currently defined mineral reserves with increases in grade and thickness at 
depth.  The  final  drill  hole  in  the  2017  returned  the  thickest  LFZ  mineralization  discovered  on  the  property  to  date, 
returning 1.65% copper over 102 meters including 36 meters of 2.59% copper.   These initiatives could potentially 
add significant longer term value to the project.   

FINANCIAL RESULTS 

The  Company’s  financial  results  for  the  period  reflect  the  stage  reached  in  its  expansion  plans.  As  a  result,  the 
Company  generated  lower  revenue  compared  with  prior  periods  due  to  lower  copper  head  grades  and  lower  than 
planned production while the Company continues to develop the mine to achieve its production target of 1,250 mtpd.  

The results include:   

• 

• 

The  Company  generated  revenue  of  US$28.3  million  (2016:  US$28.0  million)  from  the  sale  of  copper 
concentrate containing gold and silver by-products.  

An operating loss of US$9.4 million (2016: US$4.8 million loss before impairment).  

•  Cash of US$1.3 million generated from operations (2016 US$0.7 million) during the year. 

Page 2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
• 

• 

• 

• 

The  consolidated  loss  after  taxation  for  the  year  amounted  to  US$4.1  million  (loss  per  share  of  US$0.008) 
US$12.7 million for 2016 (loss per share of US$0.032) after a provision for impairment of US$11.3 million before 
tax.  

Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortisation (“EBITDA”) for the year were US$2.2 million (2016: 
US$4.6 million).  

The gross assets of the Company amounted to US$97.1 million at the end of the year.  This included Mineral 
property  of  US$38.8  million  and  intangible  assets  of  US$3.4  million  which  consists  of  accumulated  deferred 
exploration and evaluation expenditures.  

The Company’s cash balance at year end was US$3.4 million and cash net of debt, excluding Gold Loan, was 
US$(6.6) million.  

•  Copper  prices  improved  materially  during  the  year  rising  from  US$  2.50/lb  on  January  1st  to  US$3.28/lb  on 
December 31st 2017. The primary driver for an improving price outlook has been increasing shortages of metal 
and continued pressures from further downside supply issues. 

We are confident that we will reach our targeted production in 2018 and we look forward to updating the market on 
our progress over the coming months.    

B Mills 
Chairman 

April 30, 2018 

Page 3 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
DECEMBER 31, 2017 

This MD&A, including appendices, is intended to help the reader understand Rambler Metals and Mining 
plc  (‘the  parent  company’)  and  its  subsidiaries  (the  ‘Company’  or  ‘Rambler’),  our  operations  and  our 
present  business  environment.  It  has  been  prepared  as  of  April  30,  2018  and  covers  the  results  of 
operations for the year ended December 31, 2017. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the 
audited  Financial  Statements  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  and  notes  thereto.  These 
consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards  (“IFRS”)  and  their  interpretations  adopted  by  the  International  Accounting  Standards  Board 
(“IASB”), as adopted by the European Union and with IFRS and their interpretations adopted by the IASB.  
The Company’s presentation currency is US dollars (US$) and the financial information is in US$ unless 
otherwise  stated.    These  statements  together  with  the  following  MD&A  are  intended  to  provide  investors 
with  a  reasonable  basis  for  assessing  the  potential  future  performance.  See  Forward  Looking  Statement 
disclosure in Appendix 6. 

OVERVIEW 

The  Company  is  transforming  the  Ming  Copper-Gold  Mine  Project  (‘the  Project’)  with  a  fully  funded 
expansion.  Its principal activity is the development, mining and exploration of the Project in Newfoundland 
and  Labrador  (see  map  referenced  in  Appendix  1)  with  a  longer  term  goal  of  continued  exploration  and 
development of other properties in its portfolio, all located in Canada.  

The Company is looking forward to: 

1.  Finalizing the implementation of its Phase II expansion and optimisation strategy with the completion 

of its ventilation system upgrade in Q1/18. 

2.  Optimizing  production  at  the  reserve  grade  to  further  reduce  costs  to  the  1,250  mtpd  optimized 
design.    The  focus  of  the  cost  improvement  efforts  will  be;  maintenance  practice  improvements  to 
increase equipment availability in the mine; cycle time improvements for improved productivity in the 
mine;  improving  grade  control  and  upgrading  low  grade  material  by  crushing  and  screening;  and, 
improving gold and silver recovery in the plant. 

3.  Following  sustained  production  at  the  planned  tonnes  and  grade  the  Company  will  continue  with 
engineering studies with a view to further increase production to 2,000 mtpd.  Detailed engineering 
will  continue  later  in  2018  and  will  include:  underground  material  handling  options;  shaft 
rehabilitation;  expanding  the  Nugget  Pond  mill  versus  building  a  higher  capacity  mill  nearer  to  the 
mine. 

4.  Continue  the  diamond  drilling  exploration  programs,  from  underground  and  surface,  aiming  to 
increase  available  resources  and  reserves  through  continued  exploration  within  the  Ming  mine 
mineralized trend. 

See Forward Looking Information in Appendix 6.  

The  Company’s  directors  and  management  believe  that  these  priorities  provide  a  solid  foundation  for 
Rambler,  and  its  shareholders,  as  it  continues  working  towards  building  a  successful  mid-tier  mining 
company. 

The parent Company’s Ordinary Shares trade on the London AIM market under the symbol “RMM” and the 
TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol “RAB”. 

Page 4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
DECEMBER 31, 2017 

CHANGE IN FISCAL YEAR 

In 2016 the Company changed its fiscal year from July 31 to December 31. The current reporting period is the three 
and twelve month periods ended December 31, 2017 (”Q4/17”). Comparative information has been restated for the 
year  ended  December  31,  2016  (“2016”)  and  in  line  with  calendar  quarters  and  has  been  provided  for  the  three 
month  period  ended  September  30,  2017  (“Q3/17”)  and  the  three  month  period  ended  December  31,  2016 
(‘Q4/16’). In addition comparative information for the five months ended December 31, 2016 has been provided in 
the financial statements as required under UK regulations. 

 Due to the change in fiscal year end, the comparative figures are not representative of equivalent reporting periods 
and, as such, have greater variances.   

HIGHLIGHTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

  Production  of  97,997  dmt  (Q3/17:  79,300  dmt,  Q4/16:  72,036  dmt)  for  the  quarter  with  copper 
concentrate grade of 28% (Q3/17: 29%, Q4/16: 27%). Increased total production to 339,631 dmt for 
the year (2016: 267,347 dmt) , a 27% increase, with copper concentrate grade of 28% (2016: 27%). 

  Intersected significant Lower Footwall Zone mineralization in the surface drilling program extending 
the zone 550 meters below the current reserves.  RM17-25b returned 102 meters of 1.65% copper 
including 36 meters of 2.59% copper. 

  Revenue for the year was US$28.3 million (2016: US$28.0 million) and for the Q4/17, US$8.4 million 
(Q3/17: US$7.3 million, Q4/16 US$5.4 million). The increase in revenue compared to prior periods is 
mainly due to higher copper prices. 

  Average  prices  for  the  year  were  US$2.79  (2016:  US$2.17)  per  pound  of  copper  and  US$1,257 
2016:  US$1,248)  per  ounce  gold.  Average  prices  for  the  quarter  were  US$3.10  (Q3/17:  US$2.86, 
Q4/16:  US$2.40)  per  pound  of  copper  and  US$1,279  (Q3/17:  US$1,273,  Q4/16:  US$1,245)  per 
ounce of gold. 

  Operating loss for the year was US$9.4 million (2016: US$15.6 million) and for Q4/17 US$1.0 million 
(Q3/17:  US$2.5  million,  Q4/16:  US$3.4  million).    Earnings  before  interest,  taxes,  depreciation, 
amortisation  (‘EBITDA’)  for  the  year  were  US$2.2  million  (2016:  US$4.6  million)  and  for  Q4/17  of 
US$1.3 million (Q3/17: US$1.1 million, Q4/16 US$(1.0 million)). 

  Cash  production  costs  for  the  year  were  US$25.4  million  (2016:  US$18.0  million).  Net  direct  cash 
costs net of by-product credits (‘C1 costs’) for the year were US$2.86 per pound of saleable copper 
(2016: US$1.96) and for the quarter US$2.84 (Q3/17: US$2.87, Q4/16: US$2.99). See appendix 4 
for the reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures.    

  Cash  flows  generated  from  operating  activities  for  the  year  were  US$1.3  million  (2016:  US$4.8 
million) and for the quarter were US$0.7 million (Q3/17: US$2.2 million, Q4/16: US$0.1 million). 

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

On March 5, 2018 the Company announced the completion of a new mineral and reserves estimate for the 
Ming  mine.  Contained  copper  in  the  mineral  reserves  is  estimated  at  329  million  pounds  with  gold  of  114 
thousand  ounces,  fully  replacing  reserves  after  two  years  of  mining.  Mineral  resource  tonnes  (M+I)  have 
declined from the 2015 estimate by 18%, however, the copper grade has improved 9% and gold grade by 
14%. The change in measured and indicated resources is a result of an extensive diamond drilling program 
in  an  underexplored  area  of  the  Lower  Footwall  Zone.  The  life  of  mine,  production,  cost  and  financial 
highlights are as follows: 

Page 5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
DECEMBER 31, 2017 

•  Over a planned 20 year life-of-mine, ending 2037, the project will produce 514 thousand tonnes of 
high-grade  copper  concentrate  containing  saleable  metal  of  312  million  pounds  of  copper  and  57 
thousand ounces of gold. Average annual sales is 26 thousand tonnes of copper concentrate  

•  Average annual cash operating cost of US$1.98 per pound of copper net of by-product credits (‘C1’), 
with an all-in pre-tax costs of US$2.37 per pound of copper and after-tax cost of US$2.49 per pound. 

•  Net  undiscounted  cash  flow  from  operations  of  US$277  million.  Net  pre-tax  cash  flow  of  US$195 

million (after-tax US$157 million). 

•  Project pre-tax net present value (‘NPV7%’) of US$100 million. After-tax NPV7% of US$83 million. 

FINANCIAL RESULTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

Revenue 

  A  total  of  15,214  dmt  (2016  –  15,239  dmt)  of  concentrate  was  provisionally  invoiced  during  the  year 
containing  4,026  (FY2016  –  3,992)  tonnes  of  saleable  copper  metal,  3,410  (2016  –  6,057)  ounces  of 
saleable  gold  at  an  average  price  of  US$2.79  (FY2016  –  US$2.17)  per  pound  copper  and  US$1,257 
(FY2016 - US$1,248) per ounce gold, generating revenue of US$28.3 million (2016 – US$28.0 million).   

Costs 
  Cash production costs for the year were US$25.4 million (2016: US$18.0 million). Net cash direct costs 
per pound of copper net of by-product credits (‘C1’) for the year were US$2.86 (2016 - US$1.96) and for 
the quarter US$2.84 (Q3/17: US$2.87, Q4/16: US$2.99).  Saleable copper in the period was 8.7 million 
pounds (2016 – 8.8 million pounds) and in the quarter was 2.3 million pounds (Q3/17: 2.2 million, Q4/16 
2.1  million).    Lower  head  grade,  together  with  increased  operating  development  costs  from  mining  the 
post pillar  cut  and  fill (‘PPCF’)  areas  in  the  LFZ contributed  to  the  rise  in C1 costs compared  to 2016.  
Once Phase II expansion throughput reaches sustained production at 1,250 mtpd, C1 costs will decline 
towards US$2.00 and will decline further as production moves away from PPCF mining  

  A summary of the Company’s net cash direct costs (C1) and  fully allocated costs (C3) net of by-product 
credits  per  pound  of  saleable  copper  together  with  the  average  sales  price  of  copper  for  the  past  four 
quarters  are  shown  below.    The  increase  in  costs  between  Q2/17  and  Q3/17  was  a  result  of  lower 
copper production as the mine moves toward its production target of 1,250 mtpd. 

C1 and C3 costs per pound of 
saleable copper 

C1 cost

C3 cost

 5.00

 4.00

 3.00

 2.00

 1.00

 -

7
1
1
Q

7
1
2
Q

7
1
3
Q

7
1
4
Q

The Company has included non-GAAP performance measures: net cash direct costs per 
pound of saleable copper net of by-product credits (C1 costs) and fully allocated costs (net 
of by-product credits)(C3 costs) per pound of saleable copper, throughout this document. 
C3  costs  include  interest  charges  which  are  shown  below  the  operating  profit  line  in  the 
income  statement.    This  is  a  common  performance  measure  in  the  mining  industry  but 
does not have any standardized meaning. Refer to Appendix 4 for a reconciliation of these 
measures to reported production expenses. 

Page 6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
DECEMBER 31, 2017 

FINANCIAL RESULTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 (CONTINUED) 

Loss 

  The net loss before tax for the year was US$5.4 million (2016: US$19.4 million (US$8.1 million before 
impairment)).  The  net  profit  after  tax  for  Q4/17  was  US$0.7  million  or  US$0.001  per  share  which 
compares to a loss of US$1.4 million for Q3/17 and a loss of US$1.1 million for Q4/16.  

  Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortisation (“EBITDA”) for the year were US$2.2 million 

(2016: US$4.6 million). 

Cash flow and cash resources 

  Cash flows generated from operating activities for the year were US$1.3 million (2016: US$4.8 million) 
and for the quarter were US$0.7 million (Q3/17: US$2.2 million, Q4/16: US$0.1 million). The decrease in 
the  cash  generated  relates  to  the  operating  loss  and  changes  in  working  capital.  The  cash  balance  at 
December 31, 2017 was US$3.4 million.  

Financing and Investment 

  During the year repayment of US$1.1 million (project to date $18.1 million) was made on the Company’s 
Gold Loan from the delivery of 876 payable ounces of gold (project to date 12,862 ounces have been 
delivered). 

  Net debt excluding the Gold loan was as follows: 

Cash 
Finance leases 
Related party loan 
Government assistance 
Advance purchase agreement 
Net debt 

Q4/FY17 
US$’000 
3,351 
(4,570) 
(1,002) 
(390) 
(3,996) 
(6,607) 

Q3/17 
US$’000 
1,323 
(4,161) 
- 
(227) 
- 
(3,065) 

Q4/16 
US$’000 
2,156 
(2,656) 
- 
- 
(1,120) 
(1,620) 

Page 7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
DECEMBER 31, 2017 

FINANCIAL RESULTS FOR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 (Continued) 

OPERATIONAL SUMMARY 

Ore and Concentrate Production Summary for Fiscal 2017 

PRODUCTION 

Dry Tonnes Milled 

Q1  
2017 

Q2 
 2017 

Q3 
2017 

Q4  
2017 

FY2017 

Revised F2017 
Guidance 

75,438 

86,895 

79,300 

97,997 

339,631 

Copper Recovery (%) 
Gold Recovery (%) 

Copper Head Grade (%) 
Gold Head Grade (g/t) 

96.6 
64.0 

1.13 
0.30 

94.2 
56.5 

1.41 
0.67 

CONCENTRATE  
(Delivered to Warehouse) 
Copper (%) 
Gold (g/t) 

Dry Tonnes Produced 
Saleable Copper Metal 
(tonnes) 
Saleable Gold (ounces) 

Q1  
2017 

Q2 
 2017 

28.2 
5.2 

2,930 

794 
391 

26.6 
7.7 

4,359 

1,112 
939 

95.4 
61.7 

1.38 
0.66 

Q3 
2017 

28.9 
9.0 

3,614 

1,004 
930 

96.1 
61.0 

1.17 
0.65 

95.6 
60.7 

1.27 
0.58 

330,000 - 
360,000 

94 – 96 
60 – 65 

1.3 – 1.6 
0.5 – 1.0 

Q4  
2017 

27.5 
9.6 

FY2017 
27.7 
8.0 

F2017 
Guidance 

26 – 28 
4.0 – 8.0 

4,014 

14,907 

14,000 - 16,000 

1,061 
1,112 

3,968 
3,357 

3,800 - 4,200 

3,400 - 3,900 

•  For  Q4 and  the  fiscal  year  the  Nugget  Pond  copper  and  gold  milling  facility  achieved  record  throughput for  ore 
processed. The facility processed 97,997 dry metric tonnes (‘dmt’) at a feed grade of 1.17% copper and 0.65 g/t 
gold for the quarter with 339,631 dmt at 1.27% copper and 0.58 g/t gold for the 2017 fiscal year. The quarterly 
production included 17 days running at an average of 1,260 mtpd, confirming the Company’s mill improvements 
should allow the facility to produce at a sustained rate at or greater than 1,250 mtpd.  

•  Recovery of metal to concentrate was 96.1% and 61.0% for copper and gold respectively for the quarter (95.6% 
and 60.7% for the 2017 fiscal year). Production of concentrate was 4,014 dmt containing saleable metal of 1,061 
tonnes of copper and 1,112 ounces of gold. For the full year the operation produced 14,907 tonnes of concentrate 
containing saleable metal of 3,968 tonnes of copper and 3,357 ounces of gold.  

•  Revised  guidance  targets  were  met  for  mill  throughput,  copper  and  gold  head  grades  and  metal  recovery  to 

concentrate. Guidance for saleable metal produced was also met for copper and just under for gold.  

•  Rambler delivered on all of its safety targets during 2017. For the fiscal year there were no lost time incidents or 

medical aids, with the twelve-month rolling average lost time frequency rate remaining at 0%.  

•  Mine  performance  has  shown  significance  improvements  from  Q4/17  compared  to  the  same  quarter  in  2016. 

Mostly notably improvements include: 

o  Daily development meters increased 33% (Q4/17: 12.1 m/ day, Q4/16: 9.1 m/ day)  
o  Total material hauled increased 21% (Q4/17: 1,486 mtpd, Q4/16: 1,223 mtpd)  
o  Backfill placed increased 53% (Q4/17: 286 mtpd, Q4/16: 187 mtpd)  
o  Mine ore produced increase 38% (Q4/17: 1,061 mtpd, Q4/16: 767 mtpd)  

Page 8 

 
    
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
DECEMBER 31, 2017 

OPERATIONAL SUMMARY (continued) 

OUTLOOK 

Management continues to pursue the following objectives:  

  Finalize Phase II mine expansion with production sustained at 1,250 mtpd delivering improved grades from fiscal 
2018  onward.    Targeting  grades  between  1.3%  to  1.5%  Cu  and  0.6  to  0.9  g/t  Au  in  2018  with  copper  grade 
continuing to improve as production moves further into the LFZ.  As we continue to develop deeper into the LFZ, 
over the projected 20 year mine life, diamond drill results show that grades and mineralized thickness continue to 
strengthen at depth.  At this time, it is expected that the mine will deliver 1,250 mtpd to the mill after completion 
of the underground ventilation upgrade in March 2018.   

  Further  evaluate  the  potential  of  a  Phase  III  operation  with  increase  in  mine  production  and  mill  throughput  to 

about 2,000 mtpd.  

  Continuing  with  the  underground  exploration  program  to  allow  for  further  exploration  of  the  mineralized  trends 

both up-dip and down-dip with the goal to increase near-mine mine resource and reserves. 

  Continue with the surface exploration diamond drilling program aimed to double the current plunge length of the 

known massive sulphide and LFZ mineralization. 

Page 9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

FINANCIAL REVIEW 

Fiscal 

2017 
(US$000’s) 

28,324 

Commentary 

Revenue  of  US$28.3  million  was  generated  through  the  sale  of  15,214  dmt  of  copper  concentrate 
containing  4,026  tonnes  of  accountable  copper  metal  and  3,410  ounces  of  accountable  gold.    This 
compared  with  revenue  of  US$28.0  million  in  2016  generated  through  the  sale  of  15,239  dmt  of 
copper concentrate containing 3,992 tonnes of saleable copper metal and 6,057 ounces of saleable 
gold.  

Comparatives 

2016 
(US$000’s) 

B/ (W)*  

28,021 

1% 

34,242 

Production  costs  relate  to  the  processing  and  mining  costs  associated  with  the  Company’s  Ming 
Mine and include processing costs of US$5.6  million (2016: US$5.3  million), mining costs US$20.8 
million  (2016:  US$17.0  million)  and  depreciation  and  amortisation  of  US$7.8  million  (2016:  US$7.3 
million).  The  cost  of  production  of  pounds  of  copper  increased  during  the  year  due  to  lower  head 
grades compared to the previous year. 

29,609 

(15)% 

3,441 

General  and  administrative  expenses  were  slightly  higher  than  the  previous  year  by  US$0.3 
million.   

3,164 

(11)% 

- 

Provision  for  impairment  represents  the  provision  for  impairment  on  the  Ming  Mine  of  US$  nil 
(2016: US$11.3 million).  Management have assessed that there are no indicators of impairment at 
the end of the year. This assessment considered financial and operating performance compared to 
forecasts, changes in the current market outlook regarding commodity prices and any changes in the 
current market cost of capital. The provision for impairment on the Ming Mine in the previous period 
was  mainly  because  of  the  then  current  market  outlook  regarding  commodity  prices,  foreign 
exchange rates and the current market cost of capital.  

2,015 

Gain  on  derivative  financial  instruments.    The  Company  realised  a  gain  on  derivative  financial 
assets  of  $1,297,000,  being  the  difference  in  the  commodity  prices  at  time  of  provisional  invoicing, 
and  actual  commodity  prices  realised  on  final  settlement  of  the  shipment.      An  unrealised  gain  of 
$718,000  resulted  at  year  end  being  the  difference  in  the  commodity  prices  at  time  of  provisional 
invoicing  and  anticipated  commodity  prices  upon  final  settlement  following  the  future  shipment  of 
concentrates in the Company’s warehouse at year end. 

11,284 

100% 

1,327 

63% 

940 

Foreign exchange gains arising on the Gold Loan increased in the year as a result of strengthening 
of the Canadian dollar against the US dollar during the period. 

288 

226% 

1,296 

Income  tax  credit  The  income  tax  credit  is  the  deferred  tax  credit  arising  from  the  recognition  of 
losses. The credit for 2016 includes an amount of US$1.5 million in respect of mining tax.  

6,752 

(81)% 

5,278 

8,053 

Mineral property The Company incurred costs of US$5.3 million in the period which included labour 
costs of US$2.6 million and underground development costs of US$2.7 million. In 2016 the Company 
incurred  costs  of  US$3.8  million  in  the  year  including  labour  of  US$2.1  million  and  underground 
development costs of US$2.2  million offset by an  adjustment of $0.5 million to the reclamation and 
closure provision. 

Capital spending on property, plant and equipment during the year included US$6.1 million spent 
on  underground  equipment  and  addition  US$2.8  million  was  spent  on  assets  under  construction 
including  ventilation  upgrades  and  reclamation  and  closure  works  related  directly  to  the  Phase  II 
expansion.      

3,766 

(40)% 

5,573 

(44)% 

1,020 

Capital spending on exploration and evaluation in the year mainly related to the Board approved 
unbudgeted surface drilling program designed to test the down plunge continuity of the Lower Footwall 
Zone in support of the Phase III evaluation. 

197 

(418)% 

*B / (W) = Better / (Worse) 

Page 10 

 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS 

The quarterly results for the Company for the last eight fiscal quarters are set out in the following table. 

Quarterly Results 
(All amounts in 000s of US Dollars, except 
Loss per share figures) 

4th 
Quarter 

3rd   
Quarter 

2nd 
Quarter* 

1st 
Quarter 

Calendar 2017 

Revenue 

Profit/(loss) before tax  

Net income/(loss) 

Earnings/(loss) per Share (Basic & Diluted) 

Fully  allocated    cost  net  of  by-products  (C3)  per 
pound of saleable copper 

Calendar 2016 

Revenue 

(Loss)/profit before impairment and tax  

Net (loss) income 

(Loss)/earnings per Share (Basic & Diluted) 

Oct - Dec 

Jul – Sep 

Apr – Jun 

Jan – Mar 

8,380 

1,316 

686 

0.001 

7,280 

(1,905) 

(1,353) 

(0.003) 

6,939 

(949) 

(702) 

(0.001) 

5,725 

(3,906) 

(2,779) 

(0.005) 

3.09 

4.10 

3.53 

4.57 

Oct - Dec 

Jul - Sep 

Apr - Jun 

Jan – Mar 

5,396 

(4,423) 

(1,565) 

(0.004) 

6,686 

(3,256) 

(10,794) 

(0.026) 

8,278 

(1,490) 

(1,050) 

(0.007) 

7,660 

1,030 

737 

0.005 

Fully  allocated  cost  net  of  by-products  (C3)  per 
pound of saleable copper 

4.27 

2.94 

2.79 

2.26 

Financial results are impacted by the levels of copper concentrate production, the costs associated with that 
production and the selling prices of the concentrate. The prices for the copper, gold and silver contained in 
the concentrate are determined using prevailing international prices in US Dollars whereas the majority of the 
mine costs are in Canadian Dollars.  

Volatility of revenue and earnings over the past eight quarters is due to the combined effect of changes in 
volumes and fluctuations in metal prices and the fluctuation of the US Dollar exchange rate.    

Page 11 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

LIQUIDITY, CAPITAL RESOURCES AND FINANCIAL POSITION 

The Company continually reviews operational results, expenditures and additional financial opportunities in order to 
ensure adequate liquidity to support its growth strategy while maintaining or increasing production levels at the Ming 
Mine. The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis which assumes that the Group will be 
able to realise its assets and settle its obligations in the normal course of business. The financial statements do not 
reflect adjustments to the carrying values and classification of assets and liabilities that would be necessary should 
the Group be unable to continue as a going concern. Such adjustments might be material. 

The  Group  intends  to  fund  its  operations  and  growth  from  the  operating  cash  flows  of  the  Ming  mine,  and  to  the 
extent required, through the accessing of equity and debt markets and the proceeds from the exercise of warrants. 
Management  believes  that  the  Ming  Mine  will  generate  sufficient  operating  cash  flows  to  support  the  day  to  day 
activities  and  future  growth  requirements  of  the  business,  but  there  is  a  risk  that  lower  than  forecast  commodity 
prices or production issues will result in the need for additional financing. 

Historically the Company has been successful in accessing equity and debt markets to finance the acquisition and 
development of the Ming Mine site, and management is currently finalising talks with a third party to obtain additional 
funding within the coming weeks. However, as this funding is not yet committed, it is not wholly within the Group’s 
control and this represents a material uncertainty which casts significant doubt upon the Group’s continued ability to 
operate as a going concern, such that it may be unable to realise its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal 
course of business. 

Cash flows utilized in investing activities amounted to US$10.4 million for the year (2016: US$7.8 million). Cash of 
US$5.3 million (2016: US$3.8 million) was spent on the Company’s Mineral Property, US$4.1 million (2016: US$3.0 
million) was spent on property, plant and equipment, US$1.0 million (2016: US$0.2 million) on exploration at the Ming 
mine.   

Cash flows generated from financing activities during the year amounted to US$10.2 million (2016: US$8.1 million) 
and  included  repayments  of  the  gold  loan  of  US$1.1  million  (2016:  US$2.4  million),  finance  lease  repayments  of 
US$2.6  million  (2016:  US$2.4  million)  and  advanced  purchase  facility  repayments  US$1.1  million  (2016:  US$2.1 
million) and in 2017 offset by a receipt of US$4.0 million from an advanced purchase facility, US$1.0 million from CE 
II Mining Rambler Limited, US$0.6 million from government assistance and funds received, net of expenses, on issue 
of share capital of US$8.3 million (2016: 14.1 million). 

The  Company  is  required  to  hold  Letters  of  Credit  in  favour  of  the  Government  of  Newfoundland  and  Labrador  in 
respect of the reclamation and closure liability at the existing Nugget Pond Mill and Ming mine.  At period end the 
Company holds bearer deposit notes totalling US$3.5 million (SY2017: US$3.2 million).  

Sales of copper concentrate are in US dollars and the majority of the Company’s expenses are incurred in Canadian 
dollars. The Company’s principal exchange rate risk relates to movements between the Canadian and US dollar. The 
Gold  Loan  is  repayable  from  future  sales  of  gold  mitigating  the  exchange  risk.  Management  will  closely  monitor 
exchange fluctuation and consider the use of forward exchange contracts as required. 

Interest rates on the capital leases and short term borrowings are fixed, eliminating interest rate risk.  

Financial Instruments 

The  Company’s  principal  financial  assets  comprise:  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  restricted  cash,  available  for  sale 
investments,  derivative  financial  instruments  and  trade  and  other  receivables.  The  Company’s  financial  liabilities 
comprise trade payables; other payables; and interest bearing loans and borrowings. 

All of the Company’s financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost. 

The Board of Directors determines, as required, the degree to which it is appropriate to use financial instruments and 
hedging  techniques  to  mitigate  risks.  The  main  risks  for  which  such  instruments  may  be  appropriate  are  foreign 
currency risk, liquidity risk, credit risk, interest rate risk and commodity price risk each of which is discussed in note 
24 of the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017.  

Page 12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

LIQUIDITY, CAPITAL RESOURCES AND FINANCIAL POSITION (continued) 

COMMITMENTS AND LOANS 

Gold Loan 

In March 2010, the Company entered into an agreement (“Gold Loan”) with Sandstorm to sell a portion of the life-of-
mine gold production from its Ming Mine.  Under the terms of the agreement Sandstorm made staged upfront cash 
payments to the Company totalling US$20 million in return for gold.   

For this, in each production year following the first year of production, until 175,000 ounces of payable gold has been 
produced, the Company has agreed to sell to Sandstorm a percentage equal to 25% x (85% divided by the actual 
percentage of metallurgical recovery of gold realised in the immediately preceding production year) provided that, if 
the payable gold production in any production year after the third production year is less than 15,000 ounces, then in 
each  such  production  year,  Sandstorm  payable  gold  shall  not  be  less  than  25%  of  the  payable  gold.    In  each 
production year following the first year of production, after 175,000 ounces of payable gold has been produced, the 
Company  has  agreed  to  sell  a  percentage  equal  to  12%  x  (85%  divided  by  the  actual  percentage  of  metallurgical 
recovery of gold realised in the immediately preceding production year) provided that, if the payable gold production 
in any production year after the third production year is less than 15,000 ounces, then in each such production year, 
Sandstorm payable gold shall not be less than 12% of the payable gold for the remainder of the period ending 40 
years after the date of the agreement.  After the expiry of the 40 year term, the agreement is renewable in 10 year 
terms at the option of Sandstorm. 

The Gold Loan is accounted for as a financial liability carried at amortised cost. In determining the effective interest 
rate  implicit  in  the  cash  flows  arising  from  the  loan  the  cash  flows  are  forecast  based  on  management’s  best 
estimates of the time of delivery of payable gold, the total amount of gold expected to be produced over the mine life 
and the timing of that production. 

Total interest of US$0.6 million (2016: US$3.0 million charged) was credited during the period.  

The Gold Loan is secured by a fixed and floating charge over the assets of the Company. 

Government Assistance 

To date Company has received US$0.6 in interest free repayable contributions from a Canadian government agency. 
Contributions to a total of US$1.6 million are available in support of the Phase II expansion project for the mine. The 
contributions are repayable over eight years from May 2019. 

The fair value of the contributions received calculated at a market interest rate of 10% have been classified as a 
financial liability with the difference between the fair value and the amount received credited against the cost of 
assets under construction. 

Advance Purchase Agreement 

During the year the Company repaid the balance of the advance purchase agreement originally signed in July 2015 
and in December 2017 the Group entered into another amended and restated purchase agreement with Transamine 
Trading S.A. (“Transamine”).  

Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement, Transamine agreed to purchase in advance, at Rambler’s option, 
up to US$4 million of concentrate (the “Advance Purchase Payments”) to be used for working capital requirements 
along with the development and construction of Rambler’s Lower Footwall Zone optimisation plan (Phase II) at the 
Project. 

The Company drew down US$4 million of Advance Purchase Payments on December 29, 2017. 

At  December  31,  2017  the  balance  was  US$4  million.  The  loan  is  repayable  by  eighteen  monthly  instalments  of 
US$222,222 plus interest at 6.75% per annum commencing June 28, 2018. 

Page 13 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

COMMITMENTS AND LOANS (CONTINUED) 

The advance purchase payments of US$4 million have been accounted for as a financial liability carried at amortised 
cost. 

Related party loan 

In  October  2017  the  Company  received  a  loan  of  US$1  million  from  CE  Mining  II  Rambler  Limited.  The  loan  is 
unsecured, repayable by October 17, 2018 and carries interest at 9.5% per annum.  

Finance lease balances 

At December 31, 2017 the Company had finance lease commitments of US$4.6 million.  The Company entered into 
finance lease commitments of US$2.2 million to finance the acquisition of underground mobile equipment during the 
period. 

OFF BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS 

The Company has no off balance sheet arrangements. 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

Identity of related parties 
The Group has a related party relationship with its subsidiaries and with its directors and executive officers. 

Transactions with key management personnel 
The directors’ compensations were as follows: 

Salary – executive 
N Williams 

Fees – non-executive 
B A Mills 
B Labatte 
M V Sander 
T I Ackerman 
G Poulter 
E C Chen 

Share options held by directors were as follows: 

N Williams1 

Five month 

period ended 

Dec 31, 2017 

Dec 31, 2016 

  US$’000 

US$’000 

242 

130 

19 
19 
19 
19 
15 
19 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
8 

352 

168 

At 31.12.17  At 31.12.16 

No. 

No. 

‘000 
4,575 

4,575 

‘000 
4,575 

4,575 

1  100,000  options  at  an  exercise  price  of  US$0.71  expiring  on  July  7,    2018,  75,000  options  at  an  exercise  price  of  US$0.13  expiring  on  
November 10,  2018, 250,000 options at an exercise price of US$0.37 expiring on May 7, 2020, 750,000 options at an exercise price of US$0.37 
expiring on February 19,  2024 and 3,400,000 options at an exercise price of US$0.06 expiring on August 22, 2021. 

Page 14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

Total key management personnel compensations were as follows: 

Short term employee benefits 
Social security costs 
Share based payments 

Dec 31, 

Five month 

2017 

period 

ended Dec 

31, 2016 

$’000 

$’000 

508 
26 
58 

592 

253 
16 
20 

289 

Subsidiaries 
The company has interests in the following material subsidiary undertakings, which are included in the consolidated 
financial statements. 

Name   

Class 

Holding 

Activity 

Country of 
Incorporation 

Rambler Mines Limited 

Ordinary 

100% 

Holding company  England 

Rambler Metals and Mining 
Canada Limited 

Common 

100% (indirectly) Exploration, 

Canada 

1948565 Ontario  Inc. 

Common 

100% 

development and  
mining 
Exploration 

Canada 

The  registered  address  of  Rambler  Mines  Limited  is  Salatin  House,  19  Cedar  Road,  Sutton,  Surrey  SM2  5DA, 
England and for the two Canadian subsidiaries the registered address is P.O. Box 610, Baie Verte, NL, Canada A0K 
1B0. 

CE Mining II Rambler Limited, a controlling shareholder of the Company, holds 65,000,000 warrants 
which equates to US$859,000. 

Ultimate and controlling party 

CE Mining II Rambler Limited is the ultimate and controlling party of the Company. 

Page 15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
DECEMBER 31, 2017 

APPENDIX 1 – LOCATION MAP 

Page 16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED  
DECEMBER 31, 2017 

APPENDIX 2 - SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION & REVIEW OF OVERALL 
PERFORMANCE 

Financial Highlights 
(All amounts in 000s of US Dollars, 
unless otherwise stated) 

Period ended 

Year to  
Dec 31, 2017 

Year to  
Dec 31, 
2016 

5 months to 
Dec 31, 
2016 

Year to  
July 31, 2016 

Concentrate sales (dmt) 

15,214 

15,239 

5,106 

17,048 

Average provisional price ($ per tonne 
Cu, Ag & Au concentrate) 

Average revenue per pound of Cu ($) 

Revenue 

Production Expenses 

Exploration Expenditure 

Administrative expenses 

Impairment charge 

Net (loss) income 

Cash Flow generated from operating 
activities 

Cash Flow used in investing activities 

Cash Flow from (used in) financing 
activities 

Net increase (decrease) in cash 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of 
period 

Total Assets 

Total Liabilities 

Working Capital 

1,931 

2.79 

28,324 

(26,444) 

(6) 

(3,441) 

- 

(4,148) 

1,322 

(10,358) 

10,190 

1,154 

3,351 

97,142 

(32,710) 

(5,576) 

1,783 

2.17 

28,021 

(29,609) 

(32) 

(3,165) 

(11,268) 

(12,672) 

2,000 

(6,125) 

6,436 

2,311 

2,156 

82,491 

(26,122) 

(3,214) 

1,796 

2.22 

9,680 

(12,782) 

(14) 

(1,299) 

- 

(2,745) 

(947) 

(3,302) 

(2,264) 

(6,513) 

2,156 

82,491 

(26,122) 

(3,214) 

Weighted average number of shares 
outstanding (000s) 
Earnings (loss) per share ($US) 

532,673 

(0.008) 

414,290 

(0.007) 

414,290 

(0.007) 

1,772 

2.20 

30,378 

(28,508) 

(26) 

(2,899) 

(11,268) 

(12,806) 

4,808 

(7,702) 

9,138 

6,244 

8,929 

87,255 

(25,569) 

2,412 

191,132 

(0.067) 

Page 17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

APPENDIX 3 - FINANCIAL REVIEW FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

Q4/17 
Results 
(US$000’s) 

Commentary 

8,380 

7,058 

1,010 

1,051 

Revenue of US$8.4 million in Q4/17 was generated through the sale of 3,984 dmt of copper concentrate containing 
1,049 tonnes of saleable copper metal and 1,137 ounces of saleable gold compared with US$7.3 million from the 
sale of 3,681 dmt of copper concentrate in Q3/17. The increase in revenue reflects higher copper prices. Revenue 
in  Q4/16  was  generated  through  the  sale  of  2,599  dmt  of  copper  concentrate  containing  670  tonnes  of  saleable 
copper metal and 863 ounces of saleable gold. 

Production costs relate to the processing and mining costs associated with the Company’s Ming Mine production 
and  include  processing  and  mining  costs  of  US$1.6  million  (Q3/17:  US$1.4  million,  Q4/16:  US$1.3  million)  and 
US$5.5million (Q3/17: US$5.3 million, Q4/16: US$4.9 million) respectively. 

General  and  administrative  expenses  were  higher  than  the  previous  quarter  by  US$280,000  due  mainly  to 
increased  legal  and  professional  and  marketing  expenses.  The  costs  were  in  line  with  Q4/16  which  were  net  of 
US$172,000 of other income. 

Gain  on  derivative  financial  instruments.  During  the  quarter  the  net  unrealised  fair  value  gain  adjustment 
recognized  was  US$752,000  being  the  difference  in  the  commodity  prices  at  time  of  provisional  invoicing  and 
anticipated commodity prices upon final settlement. In addition there was a realised gain of US$299,000 on the final 
settlement  of  the  Company’s  sixteenth  concentrate  shipment.  During  Q3/17  the  net  unrealised  fair  value  loss 
adjustment recognized was $384,000 being the difference in the commodity prices at time of provisional invoicing 
and  anticipated  commodity  prices  upon  final  settlement  offset  by  a  realised  gain  of  US$1,203,000  on  the  second 
provisional invoice for the Company’s sixteenth concentrate shipment.  

During Q4/16 the net unrealised fair value loss adjustment recognized was US$117,000 being the difference in the 
commodity prices at time of provisional invoicing and anticipated commodity prices upon final settlement offset by  a 
realised gain of US$1,155,000 on the final settlement of the Company’s fourteenth concentrate shipment.. 

Comparatives 

Q3/17 

B/ (W)*  

Q4/16 

B/ (W)  

7,280 

15% 

5,396 

55% 

6,728 

(5)% 

6,225 

(13)% 

730 

(38)% 

793 

(27)% 

819 

28% 

1,038 

1% 

(71) 

Foreign exchange differences arising on the Gold Loan resulted in a loss in Q417 as a result of the weakening of 
the Canadian dollar against the US dollar during the period. 

460 

(115)% 

(373) 

81% 

(630) 

Income  tax  credit/(expense).    A  deferred  tax  expense  of  US$0.6  million  was  recognised  on  the  result  for  the 
quarter.  This  compares  with  a  credit  of  US$0.6  million  in  Q3/17  and  a  credit  of  US$2.9  million  for  Q4/16  which 
included a credit of US$1.5 million in respect of mining tax. 

552 

(214)% 

2,859 

(122)% 

Page 18 

 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

APPENDIX 3 - FINANCIAL REVIEW FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 (continued) 

Q4/17 
Results 
(US$000’s) 

Commentary 

1,034 

Mineral  property  The  Company  incurred  US$1  million  in  the  quarter.  The  cost  includes  labour  costs  of  US$0.5 
million  and  underground  development  costs  of  US$0.5  million.  The  costs  were  lower  than  in  Q3/17  due  to  lower 
capital development meters in the quarter. 

In Q4/16 the Company incurred costs of US$1.0 million in the quarter offset by US$0.6 million of cost reallocated to 
operating expenditure in the quarter. The cost includes labour costs of $0.5 million and underground development 
costs of $0.5 million and an increase in the reclamation and closure provision of $0.5 million.  

Comparatives 

Q3/17 

B/ (W)*  

Q4/16 

B/ (W)  

1,792 

42% 

1,013 

(2)% 

2,306 

Capital spending on property, plant and equipment increased by US$1.3 million during the quarter compared to 
Q3/17 and included the purchase of underground equipment.   

994 

(132)% 

1,344 

(72)% 

258 

Capital spending on exploration and evaluation costs in Q4/17 mainly relates to the surface drilling in the Ming 
mine’s Lower Footwall Zone.. 

509 

49% 

- 

N/a% 

*B / (W) = Better / (Worse) 

Page 19 

 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

APPENDIX 4 – NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES 
The Company has included non-GAAP performance measures throughout this document. These include: net direct cash cost (C1) per pound of saleable copper, fully 
allocated costs (C3) per pound of saleable copper and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortisation (‘EBITDA’). 

C1 and C3 costs per pound of saleable copper are common performance measures in the mining industry but do not have any standardized meaning. The guidance 
provided by the World Gold Council for calculating all-in costs was followed; however, the Company adjusts for non-cash items and includes financing fees within the 
total  cash  costs.  Total  cash  operating  costs  include  mine  site  operating  costs  (mining,  processing  and  refining,  in-mine  drilling  expenditures,  administration,  and 
production  taxes),  but  are  exclusive  of  other  costs  (non-cash  inventory  valuation  adjustments,  reclamation,  capital,  long-term  development  and  exploration).  These 
measures, along with sales, are considered to be key indicators of the Company’s ability to generate operating earnings and free cash flows from its mining operations. 
The  Company  believes  that  certain  investors  use  this  information  to  evaluate  the  Company’s  performance  and  ability  to  generate  cash  flows.  These  should  not  be 
considered in isolation as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS and are not necessarily indicative of production costs presented 
under IFRS. The following tables provide reconciliation of said costs to the Company’s financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017: 

Cash Operating Cost  
All amounts in 000s of US Dollars except pounds of saleable copper 

Production Costs per Financial Statements 

Cash Production Costs 

  On-site general administration costs 

  By-product credits 

Net direct cash costs (C1) 

Pounds of saleable copper 

C1 cost per pound of saleable copper  

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

3 months to  
Dec 31, 2017 

3 months to  
Sept 30, 2017 

3 months to  
Dec 31, 2016 

   Year to Dec 
31, 2017 

 12 months to 
Dec 31, 2016 

7,058  $ 

7,058  $ 

622  $ 

(1,119)  $ 

6,561  $ 

2,312 

6,728  $ 

6,728  $ 

510  $ 

(868)  $ 

6,370  $ 

2,216 

6,225  $ 

26,444  $ 

6,225  $ 

26,444  $ 

312  $ 

2,173  $ 

22,345 

22,345 

1,572 

(990)  $ 

(3,224)  $ 

(5,892) 

5,547  $ 

25,393  $ 

18,025 

1,855 

8,876 

9,180 

2.84 

$ 

2.87 

$ 

2.99 

$ 

2.86 

$ 

1.96 

Page 20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

APPENDIX 4 - NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES (continued) 

C3 per Pound of Saleable Copper  
All amounts in 000s of US Dollars except pounds of saleable copper  

3 months to  
Dec 31, 2017 

3 months to  
Sept 30, 2017 

3 months to  
Dec 31, 2016 

   Year to Dec 
31, 2017 

 12 months to 
Dec 31, 2016 

Net direct cash costs (see above) 

$ 

6,561  $ 

6,370  $ 

5,547  $ 

25,393  $ 

18,025 

Depreciation and amortisation 

Corporate Cash Expense 

Cash Interest Expense 

Fully allocated costs (C3 cost) 

Pounds of saleable copper 

C3 cost per pound of saleable copper  

1,321 

303 

2,350 

236 

1,773 

481 

7.824 

1,061 

7,321 

1,536 

          151 

         129 

          114 

          463 

          487 

7,147  $ 

9,085  $ 

7,915  $ 

34,741  $ 

27,369 

       2,312 

       2,216 

       1,855 

       8,876 

       9,180 

3.09  $ 

4.10  $ 

4.27  $ 

3.91  $ 

2.98 

$ 

$ 

Page 21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

APPENDIX 4 - NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES (continued) 

Earnings before interest, tax and depreciation  
All amounts in 000s of US Dollars 

3 months to  
Dec 31, 2017 

3 months to 
Sept 30, 2017 

3 months to  
Dec 31, 2016 

   12 months to 
Dec 31, 2017 

 12 months to 
Dec 31, 2016 

Profit/(loss) after tax per Financial statements 

$ 

686  $ 

(1,353)  $ 

(1,565)  $ 

(4,148)  $ 

(12,672) 

  Impairment charge 

  Taxation 

  Net interest 

  Depreciation and amortisation 

630 

(1,340) 

1,321 

(552) 

664 

2,350 

- 

(2,859) 

1,692 

1,773 

- 

(1,296) 

(187) 

7,824 

EBITDA 

$ 

1,297  $ 

1,109  $ 

(959)  $ 

2,193  $ 

11,284 

(6,752) 

5,434 

7,321 

4,615 

Page 22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

APPENDIX 5 - CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES 

The details of the Company’s accounting policies are presented in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards as set out in Note 2 to the financial statements. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with 
IFRS  requires  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and 
liabilities  and  the  disclosure  of  contingent  assets  and  liabilities  at  the  date  of  the  financial  statements  and  the 
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period.  

The following estimates are considered by management to be the most critical for investors to understand some of 
the  processes  and  reasoning  that  go  into  the  preparation  of  the  Company’s  financial  statements,  providing  some 
insight also to uncertainties that could impact the Company’s financial results.  

Going Concern 
The Company continually reviews operational results, expenditures and additional financial opportunities in order to 
ensure adequate liquidity to support its growth strategy while maintaining or increasing production levels at the Ming 
Mine. The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis which assumes that the Group will be 
able to realise its assets and settle its obligations in the normal course of business. The financial statements do not 
reflect adjustments to the carrying values and classification of assets and liabilities that would be necessary should 
the Group be unable to continue as a going concern. Such adjustments might be material. 

The  Group  intends  to  fund  its  operations  and  growth  from  the  operating  cash  flows  of  the  Ming  mine,  and  to  the 
extent required, through the accessing of equity and debt markets and the proceeds from the exercise of warrants. 
Management  believes  that  the  Ming  Mine  will  generate  sufficient  operating  cash  flows  to  support  the  day  to  day 
activities  and  future  growth  requirements  of  the  business,  but  there  is  a  risk  that  lower  than  forecast  commodity 
prices or production issues will result in the need for additional financing. 

Historically the Company has been successful in accessing equity and debt markets to finance the acquisition and 
development of the Ming Mine site, and management is currently finalising talks with a third party to obtain additional 
funding within the coming weeks. However, as this funding is not yet committed, it is not wholly within the Group’s 
control and this represents a material uncertainty which casts significant doubt upon the Group’s continued ability to 
operate as a going concern, such that it may be unable to realise its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal 
course of business. 

Share-based payments 
The Company calculates the cost of share based payments using the Black-Scholes model. Inputs into the model in 
respect of the expected option/warrant life and the volatility are subject to management estimates and any changes 
to these estimates may have a significant effect on the cost.  The assumptions used in calculating the cost of share 
based payments are explained in notes 6 and 21 of the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017. 

Page 23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

APPENDIX 5 - CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES (continued) 

Gold Loan 
The Company calculates the effective interest rate on the Gold Loan based on estimates of future cash flows arising 
from the sale of payable gold (see note 22 of the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017). The 
cash flows will be dependent on the production of gold and its selling price at the time of delivery which have been 
estimated  in  line  with  the  mine  plan,  future  prices  of  gold  and  resource  and  reserve  estimates.  Management’s 
estimates  of  these  factors  are  subject  to  risk  and  uncertainties  affecting  the  amount  of  the  interest  charge.    Any 
changes  to  these  estimates  may  result  in  a  significantly  different  interest  charge  which  would  affect  the  income 
statement and the corresponding Gold Loan liability. 

Mineral Property and Exploration and Evaluation Costs 
The  directors  have  assessed  whether  there  are  any  indicators  of  impairment  in  respect  of  mineral  property  and 
exploration  and  evaluation  costs.  In  making  this  assessment  they  have  considered  the  Company’s  business  plan 
which includes resource estimates, future processing capacity, the forward market and longer term price outlook for 
copper  and  gold.   Resource  estimates  have  been  based  on  the  most  recently  filed  NI43-101  report  and  its 
opportunities  economic  model  which  includes  resource  estimates  without  conversion  of  its  inferred  resources. 
Management’s  estimates  of  these  factors  are  subject  to  risk  and  uncertainties  affecting  the  recoverability  of  the 
Company’s mineral property and exploration and evaluation costs.  

Amortisation of Mineral Property 
Amortisation  of  the  Mineral  Property  is  calculated  on  a  unit  of  production  method  expected  to  amortise  the  cost 
including future forecast capital expenditure over the expected life of the mine based on the tonnes of ore expected 
to  be  extracted.  Any  changes  to  these  estimates  may  result  in  an  increase  in  the  amortisation  charge  with  a 
corresponding reduction in the carrying value of the Mineral Property.  

Closure Costs 
The Company has an obligation to reclaim its properties after the minerals have been mined from the site, and has 
estimated  the  costs  necessary  to  comply  with  existing  reclamation  standards.  These  estimates  are  recorded  as  a 
liability  at  their  fair  values  in  the  periods  in  which  they  occur.  If  the  estimate  of  reclamation  costs  proves  to  be 
inaccurate,  the  Company  could  be  required  to  increase  the  provision  for  site  closure  and  reclamation  costs,  which 
would increase the amount of future reclamation expense, resulting in a reduction in the Company’s earnings and net 
assets. 

Revenue 
Revenues  are  subject  to  variation  after  the  date  of  sale  due  to  assay,  price  and  foreign  exchange  fluctuations.  
Management  monitors  these  changes  closely  and  at  the  end  of  the  period  the  directors  will  consider  whether  the 
effect of these variations are material on the whole and determine whether an adjustment is therefore appropriate. 

Available for sale investments 
Management  considers  that  they  do  not  have  significant  influence  over  the  financial  and  policy  decisions  of  the 
entities  in  which  investment  has  been  made  and  therefore  have  included  the  investments  as  available  for  sale 
investments. 

Page 24 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

APPENDIX 5 - CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES (continued) 

Deferred tax 
The  Company  has  incurred  losses  which  will  be  available  for  offset  against  future  taxable  profits  and  one  of  the 
subsidiaries  has  tax  credits  available  to  offset  against  future  tax  liabilities.  Following  the  declaration  of  commercial 
production  it  has  been  concluded  that  the  Company  has  sufficient  evidence  of  future  taxable  profits  to  justify  the 
recognition of a deferred tax asset. If future taxable profits prove to be insufficient the Company could be required to 
reduce the deferred tax asset which would result in a reduction in the Company’s earnings and net assets. 

The  Company  has  adopted  all  of  the  new  and  revised  Standards  and  Interpretations  that  are  relevant  to  its 
operations  and  effective  for  accounting  periods  beginning on  or after  1 January  2017.    The  adoption  of  these new 
and  revised  Standards  and  Interpretations  had  no  material  effect  on  the  profit  or  loss  or  financial  position  of  the 
Company.   

No standards issued but not yet effective have been adopted early. 

International Financial Reporting Standards that have recently been issued or amended but are not yet effective have 
not been adopted for the annual reporting period ended December 31, 2017: 

Title 

IFRS 
/Amend
ment 
IFRS 9  Financial instruments: 

Classification and 
Measurement 

Nature of change to accounting 
policy 

Application date 
of standard  

Application date 
for Company 

No change to accounting policy, 
therefore, no impact 

 January 1, 2018   January 1, 2018 

IFRS 15  Revenue from contracts with 

customers 

IFRS 16  Leases 

No change to accounting policy, 
therefore, no impact 
Accounting policy will be updated to 
reflect requirements of IFRS 16  

 January 1, 2018  January 1, 2018 

 January 1, 2019  January 1, 2019 

IFRS 15 ‘Revenue from Contracts with Customers’ was issued by the IASB in May 2014. It is effective for accounting 
periods  beginning  on  or  after  1  January  2018.  The  new  standard  will  replace  existing  accounting  standards,  and 
provides  enhanced  detail  on  the  principle  of  recognising  revenue  to  reflect  the  transfer  of  goods  and  services  to 
customers  at  a  value  which  the  company  expects  to  be  entitled  to  receive.  The  standard  also  updates  revenue 
disclosure  requirements.  The  directors  have  carefully  considered  the  potential  effects  in  the  context  of  the  group’s 
revenues and have concluded that on adoption there will be no significant changes to the way in which the group’s 
performance obligations to customers are identified or deemed to be satisfied and, therefore, no material impact on 
the revenues recognised in the financial statements. 

IFRS 9 was published in July 2014 and will be effective from 1 January 2018. It is applicable to financial assets and 
financial liabilities, and covers the classification, measurement, impairment and de-recognition of financial assets and 
financial liabilities together with a new hedge accounting model. The directors have carefully considered the potential 
effect of the implementation of IFRS9 and the current expectation is that it is unlikely to have a material impact on the 
classification, measurement, impairment and de-recognition of the Group’s financial assets and liabilities. 

IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ – IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ was issued by the IASB in January 2016 and is effective for accounting periods 
beginning  on  or  after  1  January  2019.  The  new  standard  will  replace  IAS  17  ‘Leases’  and  will  eliminate  the 
classification  of  leases  as  either  operating  leases  or  finance  leases  and,  instead,  introduce  a  single  lessee 
accounting model. The Standard Provides a single lessee accounting model, specifying how leases are recognised, 
measured, presented and disclosed. The Group does not expect any significant changes to the accounting treatment 
of its existing lease arrangements and the Directors do not consider that the financial and operational impact of this 
standard, will have a material impact but are continuing to assess the impact of this new standard. 

Details of the main accounting policies of the Company are included in note 2 of the financial statements for the year 
ended December 31, 2017.  

Page 25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

APPENDIX 6 – OTHER MATTERS 
Outstanding Share & Option Data 

As at the date of this MD&A the following securities are outstanding: 

Security 

Shares issued or 
Issuable 

Common Shares 

549,289,702 

Warrants 

Options 

65,000,000 

13,247,000* 

*if all options have fully vested 

Weighted Average Exercise Price 

--  

US$0.064 

US$0.13 

For further assistance Mr. Peter Mercer, Corporate Secretary can be reached directly at +1-709-800-1929 ext.500 or 
pmercer@ramblermines.com.   

Forward Looking Information  
This  MD&A  contains  "forward-looking  information"  ("FLI")  which  may  include,  but  is  not  limited  to,  statements  with 
respect to the Company’s objectives and strategy, future financial or operating performance of the Company and its 
projects, exploration expenditures, costs and timing of the development of new deposits, costs and timing of future 
exploration,  requirements  for  additional  capital,  government  regulation  of  mining  exploration  and  development, 
environmental  risks,  title  disputes  or  claims  and  limitations  of  insurance  coverage.  All  statements,  other  than 
statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements. Often, but not always, statements containing FLI can be 
identified  by  the  use  of  words  such  as  "plans",  "expects",  "is  expected",  "budget",  "scheduled",  "estimates", 
"forecasts",  "intends",  "anticipates",  or  "believes"  or  variations  (including  negative  variations)  of  such  words  and 
phrases, or state that certain actions, events or results "may", "could", "would", "might" or "will" be taken, occur be 
achieved or continue to be achieved. Forward-looking statements are based on opinions, estimates and assumptions 
of  management  considered  reasonably  at  the  date  the  statements  are  made.    Key  assumptions  include  without 
limitation, the price of and anticipated costs of recovery of, copper concentrate, gold and silver, the presence of and 
continuity of such minerals at modeled grades and values, the capacities of various machinery and equipment, the 
availability of personnel, machinery and equipment at estimated prices, mineral recovery rates, and others. Investors 
are  cautioned  however  that  forward-looking  statements  necessarily  involve  both  known  and  unknown  risks, 
uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to 
be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the FLI. Such 
factors include, among others, general business, economic, competitive, political and social uncertainties; the actual 
results  of  current  exploration  activities;  conclusions  of  economic  evaluations;  availability  and  cost  of  credit; 
fluctuations  in  Canadian  dollar  interest  rates;  fluctuations  in  the  relative  value  of  United  States  dollars,  Canadian 
dollars and British Pounds; changes in planned parameters as plans continue to be refined; fluctuations in the market 
and forward prices of copper, gold, silver or certain other commodities; possible variations of ore grade or recovery 
rates;  failure  of  equipment;  accidents  and  other  risks  of  the  mining  exploration  industry;  political  instability, 
insurrection or war; delays in obtaining governmental approvals or financing or in the completion of development or 
construction  activities,  as  well  as  those  factors  discussed  in  the  section  entitled  "Risks  and  Uncertainties"  in  the 
Report  of  Directors  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017.  Although  the  Company  has  attempted  to  identify 
important factors that could cause actual actions, events or results to differ materially from those described in the FLI 
contained  in  this  MD&A,  there  may  be  other  factors  that  cause  actions,  events  or  results  to  differ  from  those 
anticipated, estimated or intended.  

Page 26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

APPENDIX 6 – OTHER MATTERS (continued) 

Forward Looking Information(continued) 
Unless stated otherwise, statements containing FLI herein are made as of the date of this MD&A and the Company 
disclaims  any  intention  or  obligation  and  assumes  no  responsibility  to  update  or  revise  any  FLI  contained  herein, 
whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by applicable law. 

Other  than  as  required  by  applicable  securities  law,  the  Company  disclaims  any  obligation  to  update  any  forward-
looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or results or otherwise. There can be no 
assurance that forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ 
materially from those anticipated in such statements. All of the forward-looking statements made in this MD&A are 
qualified  by  these  cautionary  statements.  Accordingly,  readers  should  not  place  undue  reliance  on  forward-looking 
statements.  The  following  table  outlines  certain  significant  forward-looking  statements  contained  in  this  MD&A  and 
provides  the  material  assumptions  used  to  develop  such  forward-looking  statements  and  material  risk  factors  that 
could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward looking statements. 

FLI statements 

Continued positive cash flow 

Assumptions 

Risk Factors 

Actual  expenditures  from  operations  will 
not exceed revenues 

Expenditures exceeding revenues 
resulting  from  fluctuations  in  the 
market  and 
forward  prices  of 
copper,  gold,  silver  or  certain 
other  commodities,  or  increased 
costs  of  production,  or  production 
stoppages or shortfalls 

Development  delays 
access to production ore 

reducing 

Economic viability 

Continued  mining  and  milling  the  exposed 
massive  sulphide  and  LFZ  workplaces  with  
further exploration up-dip and down-dip 

Increase  production  from  the  Ming  Mine  to 
allow  the  optimization  of  the  Nugget  Pond 
copper  concentrator  at  1,250  mtpd  and 
potentially  allow  the  gold  hydromet  to  be 
operated  independently  and/or  simultaneously 
with the copper concentrator 

Achieving 
the  planned  capital  and 
operating  development  and  production 
targets;  and,  timely  completion  of  drill 
to  allow  commencement  of 
bays 
exploration drilling 

Successful  completion  of  a  detailed 
engineering 
existing 
review 
infrastructure  and  availability  of  finance 
from cash flow from operations  

of 

Further information 
Additional information relating to the Company is on SEDAR at www.sedar.com and on the Company’s web site at 
www.ramblermines.com.  

Page 27 

 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 
REVIEW OF THE BUSINESS AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS 

A review of the Company’s business and future developments is set out in the Management’s Discussion and 
Analysis including key performance indicators. 

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES 

An  investment  in  Rambler  should  be  considered  speculative  due  to  the  nature  of  its  operations  and  certain  other 
factors.  The risk factors which should be taken into account in assessing Rambler’s activities and an investment in 
securities  of  Rambler  include,  but  are  not  limited  to,  those  set  out  below.    Should  any  one  or  more  of  these  risks 
occur,  it  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the  value  of  securities  of  Rambler  and  the  business,  prospects, 
assets, financial position or operating results of Rambler, any one of which may have a significant adverse effect on 
the price or value of any securities of Rambler. 

The risks noted below do not necessarily comprise all those faced by Rambler and are not intended to be presented 
in any assumed order of likelihood or magnitude of consequences. 

Mining risks 
Mining  operations  are  inherently  risky.    These  operations  are  subject  to  all  hazards  and  risks  encountered  in  the 
exploration,  development  and  production  of  mineralization  in  an  underground  setting.    These  include  but  are  not 
limited to formation pressures, seismic activity, rock bursts, fires, power outages, cave-ins, flooding, explosions and 
other conditions involved in the drilling and removal of material.  Any of these events could result in serious damage 
to the mine and other infrastructure, damage to life or property, environmental damage and possible legal liability. 

The  Company  has  all  necessary  permits  in  place  to  continue  with  the  current  operation.    As  expansion  plans 
progress, the Company will be required to submit revised Development Plans for approval by the ministry. There can 
be no guarantee that these revised plans will be agreed to or approved in a timely manner. 

The Company’s profitability will depend, in part, on the economic returns and actual costs of developing its mining 
projects, which may differ from the estimates made by the Company.

Copper and Gold Price Volatility 
The Company’s revenues will continue to be derived from the extraction and sale of copper concentrate containing 
gold and silver by-products.  The prices of copper, gold and silver have fluctuated widely, particularly in recent years, 
and are affected by numerous factors beyond the Company’s control including international, economic and political 
trends,  expectations  of  inflation,  currency  exchange  fluctuations,  interest  rates,  global  or  regional  consumption 
patterns,  speculative  activities  and  increased  global  production  due  to  new  extraction  developments  and  improved 
extraction and production methods.  

In  recent  years  the  price  of  copper  has  been  affected  by  changes  in  the  worldwide  balance  of  copper  supply  and 
demand,  largely  resulting  from  economic  growth  and  political  conditions  in  China  and  other  major  developing 
economies.    While  this  demand  has  resulted  in  higher  prices  for  copper  in  past  years,  the  current  economic 
slowdown  in  China  has  placed  downward  pressure  on  the  demand  for  copper.    The  effect  of  these  factors  on  the 
price of copper and gold cannot be accurately predicted.  Current predictions for the price of copper have improved 
since  the  last  financial  reporting  period  end  and  the  Company  has  not  made  any  further  provision  for  impairment 
during the period.  

Copper Cash Official LME (US$/lb) - Price 

4.00
3.50
3.00
2.50
2.00
1.50

3
1
0
2
-
r
p
A

3
1
0
2
-
l
u
J

3
1
0
2
-
t
c
O

4
1
0
2
-
n
a
J

4
1
0
2
-
r
p
A

4
1
0
2
-
l
u
J

4
1
0
2
-
t
c
O

5
1
0
2
-
n
a
J

5
1
0
2
-
r
p
A

5
1
0
2
-
l
u
J

5
1
0
2
-
t
c
O

6
1
0
2
-
n
a
J

6
1
0
2
-
r
p
A

6
1
0
2
-
l
u
J

6
1
0
2
-
t
c
O

7
1
0
2
-
n
a
J

7
1
0
2
-
r
p
A

7
1
0
2
-
l
u
J

7
1
0
2
-
t
c
O

8
1
0
2
-
n
a
J

Page 28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (CONTINUED) 

Foreign currency risk 
The Company has a small amount of cash resources and certain liabilities including the Gold loan and the advance 
purchase agreement denominated in US dollars.  All other assets and liabilities are denominated in Canadian dollars 
and GB pounds.  Revenue is generated in US dollars while the majority of the expenditure is incurred in Canadian 
dollars  and,  to  a  lesser  extent,  GB  pounds.    The  Company  has  a  downside  exposure  to  any  strengthening  of  the 
Canadian  Dollar  or  GB  pound  as  this  would  increase  expenses  in  US  dollar  terms.    This  risk  is  mitigated  by 
reviewing the holding of cash balances in Canadian Dollars and GB pounds.  Any weakening of the Canadian Dollar 
or GB pound would however result in the reduction of the expenses in US dollar terms.  In addition movements in 
the Canadian dollar and GB pound/US Dollar exchange rates would affect the Consolidated Balance Sheet.  

Additional Requirement for Capital 
As mentioned above, management is evaluating further increases in production through re-establishing the shaft for 
hoisting  and  the  integration  of  ore  pre-concentration.    With  further  engineering  and  assessment,  management  will 
work to finalize internal modelling and economics for this Phase III expansion. Should any additional equity financing 
be required this may be further dilutive to shareholders and debt financing, if available, may involve restrictions on 
financing  and  operating  activities.    There  is  no  assurance  that  additional  financing  will  be  available  on  terms 
acceptable to the Company.  

Uncertainty in the estimation of mineral resources and mineral reserves 
The estimation of mineral reserves, mineral resources and related grades has a degree of uncertainty.  Until such a 
time as the mineral reserves and mineral resources are actually mined and processed, the quantity of grades must 
be considered as estimates only.  The mineral reserve estimates of the Company have been determined or reviewed 
by an independent consultant and is based on assumed metal prices, cut-off grades and costs that may prove to be 
inaccurate.  Any material change in these variables, along with differences in actual metal recoveries when compared 
to laboratory test results, may affect the economic outcome of current and future projects. 

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD: 

N P Williams 
President and CEO 
Director 

April 30, 2018 

Page 29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017 

The Directors present their report with the audited financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 
31, 2017. 

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITY 

The  principal  activity  of  the  Company  is  the  development,  mining  and  exploration  of  the  Ming  Copper-Gold  Mine 
located in Newfoundland and Labrador and the exploration and development of other strategic properties within the 
immediate area.  The principal activity of the parent company is that of a holding company.  

DIRECTORS 

The Directors during the period under review were: 

T I Ackerman  
E C Chen  
B Labatte  
B A Mills  
G R Poulter  
M V Sander  
N P Williams  

DIVIDENDS 

No dividends will be distributed for the year ended December 31, 2017. 

SUBSTANTIAL SHARE INTERESTS 

At April 27, 2018 the parent company was aware of the following substantial share interests: 

CE Mining II Rambler 
Compagnie Odier SCA 
CI Financial 
Tinma International Ltd. 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

Number of Ordinary Shares 

% of Share Capital 

396,363,636 
31,793,340 
27,636,906 
22,736,992 

72.10 
5.78 
5.03 
4.14 

The Board of Directors determines, as required, the degree to which it is appropriate to use financial instruments and 
hedging  techniques  to  mitigate  risks.  The  main  risks  for  which  such  instruments  may  be  appropriate  are  foreign 
exchange risk, liquidity risk, credit risk, interest rate risk and commodity price risk, each of which is discussed in note 
24 to the financial statements.  

Page 30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017  
(CONTINUED) 

LIKELY FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS 

Details of likely future developments are set out in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis. 

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

Details of subsequent events are set out in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis. 

STATEMENT AS TO DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION TO AUDITOR 

Each of the persons who is a director at the date of approval of this annual report confirms that: 
• 

so far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the company's auditor is unaware; 
and 
the director has taken all the steps that he/she ought to have taken as a director in order to make himself/herself 
aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the company's auditor is aware of that information. 

• 

This confirmation is given and should be interpreted in accordance with the provisions of s418 of the Companies Act 
2006. 

AUDITOR 

Deloitte LLP have expressed their willingness to continue in office as auditors and a resolution to reappoint them will 
be proposed at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting. 

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD: 

P Mercer 
Company Secretary 

April 30, 2018 

Page 31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES  

The  directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  Annual  Report  and  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 
applicable law and regulations. 

Company  law  requires  the  directors  to  prepare  financial  statements  for  each  financial  year.    Under  that  law  the 
directors are required to prepare the group financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards  (IFRSs)  as  adopted  by  the  European  and  have  also  chosen  to  prepare  the  parent  company  financial 
statements under IFRSs as adopted by the EU.  Under company law the directors must not approve the accounts 
unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the group and company and of the 
profit  or  loss  of  the  group  and  company  for  that  period.    In  preparing  these  financial  statements,  International 
Accounting Standard 1 requires that directors: 

•  properly select and apply accounting policies; 
•  present  information,  including accounting  policies,  in  a  manner  that  provides relevant, reliable,  comparable 

and understandable information;  

•  provide  additional  disclosures  when  compliance  with  the  specific  requirements  in  IFRSs  are  insufficient  to 
enable users to understand the impact of particular transactions, other events and conditions on the entity's 
financial position and financial performance; and 

•  make an assessment of the company's ability to continue as a going concern. 

The  directors  are  responsible  for  keeping  adequate  accounting  records  that  are  sufficient  to  show  and  explain  the 
company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and 
enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006.  They are also responsible 
for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of 
fraud and other irregularities. 

The directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on 
the company’s website.  Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial 
statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

Responsibility statement  
We confirm that to the best of our knowledge: 

• 

• 

• 

the  financial  statements,  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  as 
adopted by the European Union, give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit 
or loss of the company and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a whole; 
the  strategic  report  includes  a  fair  review  of  the  development  and  performance  of  the  business  and  the 
position of the company and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a whole, together with a 
description of the principal risks and uncertainties that they face; and 
the  annual  report  and  financial  statements,  taken  as  a  whole,  are  fair,  balanced  and  understandable  and 
provide  the  information  necessary  for  shareholders  to  assess  the  company’s  position  and  performance, 
business model and strategy. 

This responsibility statement was approved by the board of directors on 27 April 2018 and is signed on its behalf by: 

Norman Williams 
Chief Executive Officer   
April 30, 2018   

Page 32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

Report on the audit of the financial statements 

Opinion 

In our opinion: 
• 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s and 
of the parent company’s affairs as at 31 December 2017 and of the group’s loss 
for the year then ended; 
the group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European 
Union and IFRSs as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board 
(IASB); 
the parent company financial statements have been properly prepared in 
accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union and as applied in 
accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006; and 
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

• 

• 

• 

We have audited the financial statements of Rambler Metals and Mining PLC (the ‘parent 
company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘group’) which comprise: 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

the consolidated income statement; 
the consolidated and parent company statements of comprehensive income; 
the consolidated and parent company statements of financial position; 
the consolidated and parent company statements of changes in equity; 
the consolidated and parent company statements of cash flow; and 
the related notes 1 to 26 to the group financial statements and notes C1 to C7 to the 
parent company financial statements. 

The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and 
IFRSs as adopted by the European Union and, as regards the parent company financial 
statements, as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) 
and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the 
auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report.  

We are independent of the group and the parent company in accordance with the ethical 
requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the 
FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we 
have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Material uncertainty relating to going concern 

We draw attention to note 2 in the financial statements, which indicates that there is a risk that 
lower than forecast commodity prices or production issues will result in the need for the Group to 
obtain additional financing for the development of the Ming Mine site.  

In response to this, we have evaluated the design and implementation of key internal controls 
over management’s assessment of going concern.  

In addition, we performed the following procedures: 

• 

• 
• 

• 

Tested the clerical accuracy of management’s cash flow forecast and agreed key 
assumptions to supporting evidence; 
Considered the historical accuracy of forecasts prepared by management; 
Considered the ability of the group to meet production figures forecast by the latest N143-
101 technical report, especially in light of actual production in the first quarter of the year; 
and 
Understood the impact of a range of reasonable sensitivities on the forecast headroom. 

Page 33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As stated in note 2, these events or conditions, along with the other matters as set forth in note 
2 to the financial statements, indicate that a material uncertainty exists that may cast significant 
doubt on the group’s and the company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Our opinion is 
not modified in respect of this matter.  

Summary of our audit approach 

Key audit matters 

The key audit matters that we identified in the current year were: 
• 
Impairment of in-production and development assets; and 
•  Going concern (see material uncertainty relating to going concern 

section above).  

Materiality 

Scoping 

The materiality for the group financial statements as a whole was set at 
$950,000. This was determined with reference to a benchmark of 1.5% 
of the net assets of the group.  

We have performed full-scope audit procedures for the significant entities 
Rambler Metals & Mining Canada and Rambler Metals & Mining PLC which 
constitutes 97% of the group’s Net Assets and 100% of the group’s 
Revenue. 

This is the first year that Deloitte have audited Rambler Metals & Mining 
PLC. 

Significant 
changes in our 
approach 

Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most 
significance in our audit of the financial statements of the current period and include the most 
significant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) that we 
identified. These matters included those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit 
strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement 
team. 

These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, 
and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 
In addition to the matter described in the material uncertainty relating to going concern section, 
we have determined the matters described below to be the key audit matters to be 
communicated in our report. 

Impairment of in-production and development assets  

Key audit matter 
description 

At December 31, 2017 in-production and development assets are carried 
at $38.8 million and $3.4 million respectively and the in-production Ming 
Mine is carried net of significant impairment provisions previously 
recorded. IAS36 requires that for assets other than goodwill, where there 
has been a positive change in the estimates used to determine an asset’s 
recoverable amount since an impairment loss was recognized, the 
impairment loss shall be reversed. 

The impairment assessment is an inherently judgemental process that 
requires the estimation of several key assumptions. As a consequence of 
the continued volatility in the forecast gold price, the assessment of the 
recoverable amount of in-production and development assets in 
accordance with IAS36 “Impairment of Assets” or IFRS6 “Exploration for 
and Evaluation of Mineral Resources” is a key audit matter. 

The accounting policies for impairment and impairment reversal are set 
out in note 2 to the financial statements. 

Page 34 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
How the scope of 
our audit 
responded to the 
key audit matter 

We have evaluated the design and implementation of entity level controls 
over the impairment assessment process for in-production mining and 
development assets. 

We have reviewed and challenged management’s assessment as to 
whether indicators of impairment or impairment reversal exist.  

For development assets we have assessed whether mining licenses and 
permits remain in good standing and management continues to incur 
expenditure in respect of the project.  

Where indicators have been identified in respect of in-production assets 
we obtained copies of the valuation models and performed the following 
procedures:  

•  Determined that mining licenses and permits remain in good 

standing;  

•  Reviewed the forecasts within the models and assessed the 
historical accuracy of management’s forecasting process by 
comparing current year actual performance to prior year budgets; 

•  Reviewed and challenged the most recent N43-101 technical 

report against management’s production plans and capital and 
operating forecasts. We have also assessed the competence, 
capability and objectivity of management’s expert; 
Independently tested key macro assumptions including the 
forecast gold and copper prices and foreign exchange rates; and 

• 

•  Utilized internal Deloitte valuation specialists to evaluate the 

Group’s cost of capital.  

Key observations 

We concur with the key assumptions used by Management including the 
forecast gold price and discount rate although these are at the 
conservative end of our acceptable range.  

We concur with Management’s assessment that at the reporting date the 
carrying value of in-production mining asset is supported by its value in 
use, and no impairment or impairment reversal is required. We did not 
identify any audit adjustments that warranted reporting to the Audit 
Committee. 

Our application of materiality 

We define materiality as the magnitude of misstatement in the financial statements that makes it 
probable that the economic decisions of a reasonably knowledgeable person would be changed or 
influenced. We use materiality both in planning the scope of our audit work and in evaluating the 
results of our work.  

Based on our professional judgement, we determined materiality for the financial statements as a 
whole as follows: 

Group financial statements 

Parent company financial 
statements 

Materiality 

$950,000 (2016: $145,000) 

$807,500 (2016: £23,000) 

Basis for 
determining 
materiality 

Rationale 
for the 
benchmark 
applied 

1.5% of net assets 

1.25% of net assets 

We consider net assets to be an 
appropriate basis for materiality as 
the users of the financial statements 
will be most interested in balance 
sheet based metrics whilst the 
Group’s operations are still evolving, 
and the income statement does not 

We consider net assets to be an 
appropriate basis for materiality for 
the Company as it acts as a holding 
company for the group.    

Page 35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
fully reflect the size and scale of the 
business.  

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to the Committee all audit differences 
in excess of $47,500 for the group and $40,375 for the parent company, as well as differences 
below that threshold that, in our view, warranted reporting on qualitative grounds. We also report 
to the Audit Committee on disclosure matters that we identified when assessing the overall 
presentation of the financial statements. 

An overview of the scope of our audit 

Our Group audit was scoped by obtaining an understanding of the Group and its environment, 
including Group-wide controls, and assessing the risks of material misstatement at the Group 
level.  

We have performed full-scope audit procedures for the significant entities Rambler Metals & 
Mining Canada and Rambler Metals & Mining PLC which constitutes 97% of the group’s Net 
Assets and 100% of the group’s Revenue. The component materiality for Rambler Metals & 
Mining Canada and Rambler Metals & Mining PLC were both set at $807,500. As the operations 
are principally based out of St John’s, Canada, we have focused our audit work in this 
geographical area. The senior statutory auditor visited St. John’s during the year end audit. 

Other information 

The directors are responsible for the other information. The other 
information comprises the information included in the annual 
report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s 
report thereon. 

We have nothing to 
report in respect of these 
matters. 

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other 
information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated 
in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion 
thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our 
responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, 
consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent 
with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the 
audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 

If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material 
misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a 
material misstatement in the financial statements or a material 
misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we 
have performed, we conclude that there is a material 
misstatement of this other information, we are required to report 
that fact. 

Responsibilities of directors 

As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement, the directors are responsible 
for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and 
fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the 
preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to 
fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group’s and 
the parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing as applicable, matters 
related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors 
either intend to liquidate the group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no 
realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a 

Page 36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 

Revenue 
Production costs 
Depreciation and amortisation 
Gross loss 

Administrative expenses 
Exploration expenses 
Operating loss before impairment 
Impairment charge 
Operating loss after impairment 
Exchange gain/(loss) 
Bank interest receivable 
Profit on disposal of available for sale investments 
Gain on derivative financial instruments 
Net finance costs 
Net expense 

Loss before tax 

Income tax credit 

Loss for the period  

Loss per share 

Basic loss per share 

Diluted loss per share 

Note 

Year to  
31 December 
2017 
US$’000 

Five months 
to  
31 December 
2016 
US$’000 

Year to 
 31 December 
2016 
US$’000 

4 

5 

7 
8 

9 

28,324 
(26,444) 
(7,798) 

(5,918) 

(3,441) 
(6) 

(9,365) 
- 

(9,365) 
940 
43 
779 
2,015 
144 
3,921 

9,680 
(9,845) 
(2,937) 

(3,102) 

(1,299) 
(14) 

(4,415) 
- 

(4,415) 
(452) 
17 
451 
1,504 
(3,176) 
(1,656) 

28,021 
(22,344) 
(7,322) 

(1,645) 

(3,107) 
(32) 

(4,784) 
(11,284) 

(16,068) 
288 
30 
463 
1,327 
(5,464) 
(3,356) 

(5,444) 

(6,071) 

(19,424) 

1,296 

3,326 

6,752 

(4,148) 

(2,745) 

(12,672) 

Note 

20 

20 

Year to  
31 December 
2017 
US$ 

Five months 
to  
31 December  
2016 
US$ 

Year to  
31 December 
2016 
US$ 

(0.008) 

(0.007) 

(0.032) 

(0.008) 

(0.007) 

(0.032) 

Page 38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME  

For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS)  

Loss for the period 

Other comprehensive income 
Items that may be reclassified into profit or loss 
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations (net of tax) 
Disposal of available for sale investment (net of tax) 
(Loss)/gain on available for sale investment (net of tax) 
Other comprehensive gain/( loss) for the period 

Year to  
31 December 
2017 
US$’000 

5 Months to 
31 December  
2016 
US$’000 

Year to  
31 December 
2016 
US$’000 

(4,148) 

(2,745) 

(12,672) 

4,165 
(250) 
(140) 

3,775 

(1,993) 
(383) 
(216) 

(2,592) 

491 
- 
619 

1,110 

Total comprehensive loss for the period  

(373) 

(5,337) 

(11,562) 

Page 39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REGISTERED NUMBER: 05101822 (ENGLAND AND WALES) 

RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

As at December 31, 2017 
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 

Note  31 December 

2017 
US$’000 

31 December 
2016 
US$’000 

10 
11 
12 
13 
9 
18 

14 
15 
16 
17 

19 
19 
19 
19 
19 
19 

22 
23 

22 
21 

3,397 
38,834 
28,443 
610 
13,851 
3,530 

88,665 

2,467 
829 
1,830 
3,351 

8,477 

2,169 
34,453 
23,056 
1,333 
11,545 
3,243 

75,799 

2,496 
1,284 
756 
2,156 

6,692 

97,142 

82,491 

8,061 
89,309 
859 
180 
(14,584) 
86 
(19,479) 

64,432 

16,696 
1,961 

18,657 

6,739 
7,314 

14,053 

32,710 

97,142 

6,374 
81,442 
2,089 
180 
(18,749) 
476 
(15,443) 

56,369 

14,412 
1,804 

16,216 

4,814 
5,092 

9,906 

26,122 

82,491 

Assets 

  Intangible assets 
  Mineral property 
  Property, plant and equipment 
  Available for sale investments 
  Deferred tax 
  Restricted cash 
Total non-current assets 

Inventory 

  Trade and other receivables 
  Derivative financial asset 
  Cash and cash equivalents 
Total current assets 
Total assets 

Equity 

Issued capital 
  Share premium 
  Share warrants reserve 
  Merger reserve 
  Translation reserve 
  Fair value reserve 
  Retained profits 
Total equity 

Liabilities 

Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 

  Provision 
Total non-current liabilities 

Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 

  Trade and other payables 
Total current liabilities 
Total liabilities 
Total equity and liabilities 

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD: 

N P Williams 
Director 
Approved and authorised for issue by the Board on April 30, 2018

Page 40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF 
CHANGES IN EQUITY 

(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 
Group 
Balance at August 1, 2016 
Comprehensive income 
Loss for the year 
Foreign exchange translation differences 
Disposal of available for sale investment (net of 
tax) 
Gain on available for sale investments (net of tax) 
Total other comprehensive income 
Total comprehensive (loss)/income for  the year 
Transactions with owners 
Share issue expenses 
Share-based payments 
Transactions with owners 
Balance at December 31, 2016 

Balance at January 1, 2017 
Comprehensive income 
Loss for the period 
Foreign exchange translation differences 
Disposal of available for sale investment (net of 
tax) 
Gain on available for sale investments (net of tax) 
Total other comprehensive income 
Total comprehensive income/(loss) for  the period 
Transactions with owners 
Issue of share capital  (note 19)  
Share issue expenses 
Share-based payments 
Transactions with owners 
Balance at December 31, 2017 

Share  
Capital 
US$’000 

Share 
Premium 
US$’000 

Warrants 
Reserve 
US$’000 

Merger 
Reserve 
US$’000 

Translation 

Reserve 

US$’000 

Fair Value 
Reserve 

US$’000 

Accumulated 
Losses 
US$’000 

Total 
US$’000 

6,374 

81,455 

2,089 

180 

(16,756) 

1,075 

(12,731) 

61,686 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

6,374 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(13) 
- 

(13) 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

(1,993) 

- 
- 
(1,993) 
(1,993) 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

(2,745) 
- 

(383) 

(216) 

(599) 
(599) 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(2,745) 

- 
33 

33 

(2,745) 

(1,993) 

(383) 

(216) 

(2,592) 
(5,337) 

(13) 
33 

20 

81,442 

2,089 

180 

(18,749) 

476 

(15,443) 

56,369 

6,374 

81,442 

2,089 

180 

(18,749) 

476 

(15,443) 

56,369 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,687 
- 
- 

1,687 

8,061 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7,979 
(112) 
- 

7,867 

89,309 

(1,230) 
- 

(1,230) 

859 

Page 41 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

4,165 

- 
- 
4,165 

4,165 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

(4,148) 
- 

(240) 

(150) 

(390) 

(390) 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(4,148) 

- 
- 
112 

112 

(4,148) 

4,165 

(240) 

(150) 

3,775 

(373) 

8,436 
(112) 
112 

8,436 

180 

(14,584) 

86 

(19,479) 

64,432 

 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS  

For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Operating loss 
Depreciation and amortisation 
Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Provision for impairment 
Share based payments 
Foreign exchange difference 
Decrease/(increase) in inventory 
Decrease/(increase) in debtors 
Decrease in derivative financial instruments 
Increase/(decrease) in creditors 
Cash generated from operations 
Interest paid 
Net cash generated from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Interest received 
Acquisition of bearer deposit note 
Acquisition of subsidiary net of cash 
Acquisition of evaluation and exploration assets 
Acquisition of Mineral property – net 
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment 
Disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Net cash utilised in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Issue of share capital (note 19) 
Share issue expenses 
Disposal of available for sale investments 
Loans received (note 22) 
Repayment of Gold Loan (note 22) 
Repayment of Loans 
Capital element of finance lease payments 
Net cash utilised in financing activities 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash held 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 

Page 42 

  31 December  5 months to 31 

2017 
$’000 

December 
2016 
$’000 

Year to 31 
December 
2016 
$’000 

(9,365) 
7,824 
- 
- 
112 
(259) 
29 
455 
941 
1,961 

1,698 
(376) 

1,322 

43 
- 
- 
(1,020) 
(5,277) 
(4,103) 
- 

(10,357) 

8,436 
(112) 
1,103 
5,598 
(1,105) 
(1,137) 
(2,593) 

10,190 

1,155 
2,156 
40 

3,351 

(4,415) 
2,927 
(12) 
- 
33 
(126) 
(114) 
(685) 
1,335 
232 

(825) 
(122) 

(947) 

17 
- 
- 
- 
(1,673) 
(1,676) 
30 

(3,302) 

- 
(13) 
783 
- 
(1,255) 
(913) 
(866) 

(2,264) 

(6,513) 
8,929 
(260) 

2,156 

(16,068) 
7,308 
(12) 
11,268 
45 
(1,996) 
(842) 
(81) 
1,530 
(200) 

952 
(275) 

677 

30 
(844) 
(49) 
(197) 
(3,766) 
(2,974) 
30 

(7,770) 

15,106 
(909) 
783 
- 
(2,411) 
(2,093) 
(2,365) 

8,111 

1,018 
1,166 
(28) 

2,156 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

1  Nature of operation and going concern 

The  principal  activity  of  the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries  (“the  Group”)  is  the  operation,  development  and 
exploration  of  the  Ming  Copper-Gold  Mine  (“Ming  Mine”)  located  in  Baie  Verte,  Newfoundland  and  Labrador, 
Canada.  

The  Group’s  business  activities,  together  with  the  factors  likely  to  affect  its  future  development,  performance 
and  position,  its  financial  position,  cash  flows,  liquidity  position  and  borrowing  facilities  are  set  out  in  the 
Management Discussion and Analysis on pages 4 to 26. In addition, notes 19 and 24 to the financial statements 
includes the Group’s objectives, policies and processes for managing its capital; its financial risk management 
objectives; details of its financial instruments and hedging activities; and its exposures to credit risk and liquidity 
risk. 

The  Company  continually  reviews  operational  results,  expenditures  and  additional  financial  opportunities  in 
order  to  ensure  adequate  liquidity  to  support  its  growth  strategy  while  maintaining  or  increasing  production 
levels at the Ming Mine. The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis which assumes 
that the Group will be able to realise its assets and settle its obligations in the normal course of business. The 
financial statements do not reflect adjustments to the carrying values and classification of assets and liabilities 
that would be necessary should the Group be unable to continue as a going concern. Such adjustments might 
be material. 

The Group intends to fund its operations and growth from the operating cash flows of the Ming mine, and to the 
extent  required,  through  the  accessing  of  equity  and  debt  markets  and  the  proceeds  from  the  exercise  of 
warrants. Management believes that the Ming Mine will generate sufficient operating cash flows to support the 
day to day activities and future growth requirements of the business, but there is a risk that lower than forecast 
commodity prices or production issues will result in the need for additional financing. 

Historically the Company has been successful in accessing equity and debt markets to finance the acquisition 
and development of the Ming Mine site, and management is currently finalising talks with a third party to obtain 
additional funding within the coming weeks. However, as this funding is not yet committed, it is not wholly within 
the  Group’s  control  and  this  represents  a  material  uncertainty  which  casts  significant  doubt  upon  the  Group’s 
continued ability to operate as a going concern, such that it may be unable to realise its assets and discharge its 
liabilities in the normal course of business. 

2  Significant accounting policies 

Rambler  Metals  and  Mining  Plc  (the  “Company”)  is  a  public  company  limited  by  shares  registered  in  England 
and Wales. The Company changed its fiscal year in 2016 from July 31 to December 31. The current reporting 
period is for the twelve month period from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017 with comparatives for the five 
months  period  August  1,  2016  to  December  31,  2016  as  required  by  UK  law  and,  additionally,  for  the  twelve 
months from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016 as required by Canadian Securities Law. The consolidated 
financial  statements  of  the  Company  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  comprise  the  Company  and  its 
subsidiaries (together referred to as the “Group”).  

Statement of compliance   

(a) 
The consolidated financial statements of Rambler Metals and Mining plc have been prepared in accordance with 
International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”)  and  their  interpretations  issued  by  the  International 
Accounting  Standards  Board  (“IASB”),  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union  and  with  IFRS  and  their 
interpretations  adopted  by  the  IASB.  There  are  no  material  differences  on  application  to  the  Group.  The 
consolidated financial statements have also been prepared in accordance with those parts of the Companies Act 
2006 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. 

The  Group  has  adopted  all  of  the  new  and  revised  Standards  and  Interpretations  that  are  relevant  to  its 
operations  and  effective  for  accounting  periods  beginning  on  or  after  1  January  2017.  None  of  the  new  and 
revised Standards and Interpretations adopted had a material impact in the year.   

The Group has not adopted any standards or interpretations in advance of the required implementation dates. It 
is not expected that adoption of standards or interpretations which have been issued by the International  

Page 43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)  

2  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

 (a) 

Statement of compliance (continued) 

Accounting Standards Board but have not been adopted will have a material impact on the financial statements.  

Title 

IFRS 
/Amend
ment 
IFRS 9  Financial instruments: 

Classification and 
Measurement 

Nature of change to accounting 
policy 

Application date 
of standard  

Application date 
for Company 

No change to accounting policy, 
therefore, no impact 

 January 1, 2018   January 1, 2018 

IFRS 15  Revenue from contracts with 

customers 

IFRS 16  Leases 

No change to accounting policy, 
therefore, no impact 
Accounting policy will be updated to 
reflect the requirements of IFRS 16 

 January 1, 2018  January 1, 2018 

 January 1, 2019  January 1, 2019 

IFRS  15  ‘Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers’  was  issued  by  the  IASB  in  May  2014.  It  is  effective  for 
accounting  periods  beginning  on  or  after  1  January  2018.  The  new  standard  will  replace  existing  accounting 
standards, and provides enhanced detail on the principle of recognising revenue to reflect the transfer of goods 
and  services  to  customers  at  a  value  which  the company  expects  to  be  entitled  to  receive.  The  standard  also 
updates  revenue  disclosure  requirements.  The  directors  have  carefully  considered  the  potential  effects  in  the 
context of the group’s revenues and have concluded that on adoption there will be no significant changes to the 
way  in  which  the  group’s  performance  obligations  to  customers  are  identified  or  deemed  to  be  satisfied  and, 
therefore, no material impact on the revenues recognised in the financial statements. 

IFRS 9 was published in July 2014 and will be effective from 1 January 2018. It is applicable to financial assets 
and  financial  liabilities,  and  covers  the  classification,  measurement,  impairment  and  de-recognition  of  financial 
assets  and  financial  liabilities  together  with  a  new  hedge  accounting  model.  The  directors  have  carefully 
considered the potential effect of the implementation of IFRS9 and the current expectation is that it is unlikely to 
have  a  material  impact  on  the  classification,  measurement,  impairment  and  de-recognition  of  the  Group’s 
financial assets and liabilities. 

IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ – IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ was issued by the IASB in January 2016 and is effective for accounting 
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2019. The new standard will replace IAS 17 ‘Leases’ and will eliminate 
the classification of leases as either operating leases or finance leases and, instead, introduce a single lessee 
accounting model. The Standard Provides a single lessee accounting model, specifying how leases are 
recognised, measured, presented and disclosed. The Group does not expect any significant changes to the 
accounting treatment of its existing lease arrangements and the Directors do not consider that the financial and 
operational impact of this standard, will have a material impact but are continuing to assess the impact of this 
new standard..  

(b) Basis of preparation 

The financial statements are presented in United States dollars (“US dollars”), rounded to the nearest thousand 
dollars. US Dollars is used as the presentation currency in line with industry peers.  The parent company has a 
functional  currency  of  GB  pounds  and  the  majority  of  the  Group’s  operations  are  carried  out  by  its  operating 
subsidiary which has a functional currency of Canadian dollars.  Foreign operations are included in accordance 
with the policies set out in note 2(d). At December 31, 2017 the closing rate of exchange of US dollars to 1 GB 
pound was 1.35 (December 31, 2016: 1.23) and the average rate of exchange of US dollars to 1 GB pound for 
the year was 1.28 (for the five months to December 31, 2016: 1.33).   

The  accounting  policies  set  out  below  have  been  applied  consistently  to  all  periods  presented  in  these 
consolidated financial statements. 

The accounting policies have been applied consistently by Group entities. 

Page 44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)  

2  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

(c) 

Basis of consolidation 

(i)  Subsidiaries 

An  investor  controls  an  investee  when  the  investor  is  exposed,  or  has  rights,  to  variable  returns  from  its 
involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee.  The 
financial  statements  of  subsidiaries  are  included  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  from  the  date  that 
control is obtained. 

(ii)  Transactions eliminated on consolidation 

Intragroup balances and any unrealised gains and losses or income and expenses arising from intragroup 
transactions, are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements. 

(d) 

Foreign currency   

(i)  Foreign currency transactions 

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the functional currency at the foreign exchange rate ruling at 
the  date  of  the  transaction.  Monetary  assets  and  liabilities  denominated  in  foreign  currencies  at  the  balance 
sheet  date  are  translated  to  the  functional  currency  at  the  foreign  exchange  rate  ruling  at  that  date.  Foreign 
exchange differences arising on translation are recognised in the income statement. Non-monetary assets and 
liabilities  that  are  measured  in  terms of  historical cost  in  a  foreign  currency  are  translated using  the  exchange 
rate at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are 
stated at fair value are translated to the functional currency at foreign exchange rates ruling at the dates the fair 
value was determined. 

(ii)  Translation into presentation currency 

The  assets  and  liabilities  of  the  Group  are  translated  to  US  dollars  at  foreign  exchange  rates  ruling  at  the 
balance  sheet  date.  The  revenues  and  expenses  of  the  Group  are  translated  to  US  dollars  at  rates 
approximating to the foreign exchange rates ruling at the dates of the transactions.  

(iii)  Net investment in foreign operations 

Exchange  differences  arising  from  the  translation  of  the  net  investment  in  foreign  operations  are  taken  to 
translation reserve. They are released into the income statement upon disposal. 

(e) 

Property, plant and equipment 

(i)  Owned assets 

Items of property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. The cost of self-constructed assets includes the cost 
of  materials,  direct  labour  and  the  initial  estimate  of  the  costs  of  dismantling  and  removing  the  items  and 
restoring the site on which they are located, where an obligation to incur such costs exists. 

Where parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as 
separate items of property, plant and equipment. 

(ii)  Leased assets 

Leases in terms of which the Group assumes substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified 
as finance leases.  All other leases are classified as operating leases. 

(iii)  Subsequent costs  

The Group recognises in the carrying amount of an item of property, plant and equipment the cost of replacing 
part of such an item when that cost is incurred if it is probable that the future economic benefits embodied with 
the  item  will  flow  to  the  Group  and  the  cost  of  the  item  can  be  measured  reliably.  All  other  costs  are 
recognised in the income statement as an expense as incurred. 

Page 45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)  

2  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

(e) 

Property, plant and equipment (continued) 

(iv)  Depreciation 

Depreciation is charged to the income statement or capitalised as part of the exploration and evaluation costs or 
Mineral  property  where  appropriate,  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  estimated  useful  lives  of  each  part  of  an 
item of property, plant and equipment. Land is not depreciated. Depreciation on assets under construction does 
not commence until they are complete and available for use. The estimated useful lives are as follows: 

•  buildings 
•  plant and equipment 
•  motor vehicles 
• 
• 

computer equipment 
fixtures, fittings and equipment 

5 to 10 years 
2 to 10 years 
3 years 
3 years 
3 years 

The estimated useful lives and residual values of the assets are considered annually and restated as required. 

(f) 

Mineral property 

Upon  transfer  of  ‘Exploration  and  evaluation  costs’  into  ‘Mineral  property’,  all  subsequent  expenditure  on  the 
construction,  installation  or  completion  of  infrastructure  facilities  is  capitalised  within  ‘Mineral  property’. 
Development expenditure is net of proceeds from all sale of gold and copper concentrate extracted during the 
development phase and until commercial production is declared. 

Mineral property is amortised on a unit of production basis. Future forecast capital expenditure is included in the 
unit of production amortisation calculation. 

(g) 

Intangible assets 

(i) Exploration and evaluation costs 

These comprise costs directly incurred in exploration and evaluation. They are capitalised as intangible assets 
pending determination of the feasibility of the project.  When the existence of economically recoverable reserves 
and the availability of finance are established, the related intangible assets are transferred to Mineral property. 
Where a project is abandoned or is determined not to be economically viable, the related costs are written off.  

The recoverability of deferred exploration and evaluation costs is dependent upon a number of factors common 
to  the  natural  resource  sector.    These  include  the  extent  to  which  the  Group  can  establish  economically 
recoverable  reserves  on  its  properties,  the  ability  of  the  Group  to  obtain  necessary  financing  to  complete  the 
development of such reserves and future profitable production or proceeds from the disposition thereof. 

(ii) Impairment of exploration and evaluation costs 

Impairment reviews for exploration and evaluation costs are carried out on a project by project basis, with each 
project  representing  a  potential  single  cash  generating  unit.    An  impairment  review  is  undertaken  when 
indicators of impairment arise but typically when one of the following circumstances apply: 

•  unexpected geological occurrences that render the resource uneconomic; 
• 
• 
• 

title to the asset is compromised; 
variations in metal prices that render the project uneconomic; and 
variations in the exchange rate for the currency of operation. 

Page 46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

2 

  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

Available for sale investments 

(h) 
Available  for  sale  investments  are  recognised  at  fair  value  with  changes  in  value  recorded  in  other 
comprehensive  income.  Subsequent  to  initial  recognition  available-for-sale  financial  assets  are  stated  at  fair 
value.  Movements  in  fair  values  are  recognised  in  other  comprehensive  income,  with  the  exception  of 
impairment losses which are recognised in profit or loss.  Fair values are based on prices quoted in an active 
market if such a market is available. If an active market is not available, the Company establishes the fair value 
of  financial  instruments  by  using  a  valuation  technique,  usually  discounted  cash  flow  analysis.  When  an 
investment is disposed, any cumulative gains and losses previously recognised in equity are recognised in profit 
or loss.   

Inventory   

(i) 
Stockpiled ore is recorded at the lower of production cost and net realisable value. Production costs include all 
direct costs plus an allocation of fixed costs associated with the mine site. 

Operating supplies are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value.  Cost is determined on an average 
cost basis. 

Trade and other receivables 

(j) 
Trade and other receivables are generally stated at their cost less impairment losses. Receivables in respect of 
the sale of copper concentrate which contain an embedded derivative linking them to future commodity prices 
are  measured  at  fair  value  through  profit  and  loss  and  are  treated  as  derivative  financial  assets  or  liabilities. 
Receivables with a short duration are not discounted. 

) 

Financial instruments measured at fair value through profit and loss  

(k) 
Financial  instruments  measured  at  fair  value  through  profit  and  loss,  which  includes  all  derivative  financial 
instruments and receivables containing embedded derivatives arising from sales of concentrate, are measured 
at fair value at each balance sheet date with changes in value reflected directly within the income statement. 

Cash and cash equivalents 

(l) 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits. Bank overdrafts that are repayable on 
demand and form an integral part of the Group’s cash management are included as a component of cash and 
Restricted cash is not available for use by the 
cash equivalents for the purpose of the statement of cash flows.
Group and therefore is not considered highly liquid. 

Impairment of non-financial assets 

(m) 
The  carrying  amounts  of  the  Group’s  assets  (except  deferred  exploration  and  evaluation  costs  (see  accounting 
policy (g)(ii)) and deferred tax assets (see accounting policy 2(t)), are reviewed at each balance sheet date to 
determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  of  impairment.  If  any  such  indication  exists,  the  asset’s  recoverable 
amount is estimated (see accounting policy 2(m)(i)).  

An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset or its cash-generating unit exceeds 
its recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognised in the income statement. 

Impairment  losses  recognised  in  respect  of  cash-generating  units  are  allocated  first  to  reduce  the  carrying 
amount  of  any  goodwill  allocated  to  cash-generating  units  (group  of  units)  and  then,  to  reduce  the  carrying 
amount of the other assets in the unit (group of units) on a pro rata basis. 

Page 47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

2  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

(m) 

Impairment of non-financial assets (continued) 

(i)  Calculation of recoverable amount 

The recoverable  amount  of  other  assets  is  the  greater of  their  net  selling  price  and  value  in  use.  In assessing 
value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate 
that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. For an 
asset  that  does  not  generate  largely  independent  cash  inflows,  the  recoverable  amount  is  determined  for  the 
cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. 

(ii)  Reversals of impairment   

An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable 
amount. 

An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying 
amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been 
recognised. 

(n)  Financial liabilities and equity 

Financial  liabilities  and  equity  instruments  are  classified  according  to  the  substance  of  the  contractual 
arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets 
of the Group after deducting all of its liabilities. 

Financial liabilities include finance leases and hire purchase contracts which are recognised initially at fair value 
less  attributable  transaction  costs.  Subsequent  to  initial  recognition,  interest-bearing  borrowings  are  stated  at 
amortised  cost  with  any  difference  between  cost  and  redemption  value  being  recognised  in  the  statement  of 
comprehensive  income  over  the  period  of  the  borrowings  on  an  effective  interest  basis  except  where  the 
difference between cost and redemption value qualify to be capitalised as part of the cost of a qualifying asset. 

The  Company  accounts  for  its  share  warrants  as  equity  at  fair  value  as  of  the  date  of  issuance  on  the 
Company’s consolidated balance sheets and no further adjustments to their valuation are made. Management 
estimates  the  fair  value  of these  liabilities  using option  pricing models  and  assumptions  that  are  based on  the 
individual characteristics of the warrants or instruments on the valuation date, as well as assumptions for future 
financings, expected volatility, expected life, yield, and risk-free interest rate. 

Trade and other payables  

(o) 
Trade and other payables are stated at amortised cost. 

Provisions  

(p) 
The Group records the present value of estimated costs of legal and constructive obligations required to restore 
mining  and  other  operations  in  the  period  in  which  the  obligation  is  incurred.  The  nature  of  these  restoration 
activities  includes  dismantling  and  removing  structures,  rehabilitating  mines  and  tailings  dams,  dismantling 
operating  facilities,  closure  of  plant  and  waste  sites,  and  restoration,  reclamation  and  revegetation  of  affected 
areas. 

Page 48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

2 

Significant accounting policies (continued) 

Revenue recognition 

(q) 
Revenue comprises the fair value of the consideration received or receivable for the sale of goods and services 
in the ordinary course of the Group’s activities. Revenue is shown net of sales tax. 

The  Company  recognises  revenue  when  the  amount  of  the  revenue  can  be  reliably  measured,  it  is  probable 
that  future  economic  benefits  will  flow  to  the  entity  and  when  specific  criteria  have  been  met  as  described 
below.  Any revenues generated during commissioning are treated as a contribution towards previously incurred 
costs and are therefore credited against mining and development assets accordingly. 

Sale of concentrate 

Revenue  associated  with  the  sale  of  copper  concentrate  is  recognised  when  significant  risks  and  rewards  of 
ownership  of  the  asset  sold  are  transferred  to  the  Group's  off-taker,  which  is  when  the  Company  receives 
provisional  payment  for  each  lot  of  concentrate  invoiced.  Where  a  provisional  invoice  is  not  raised,  risks  and 
rewards of  ownership  transfer when  the  concentrate  passes over  the  rail  of  the  shipping  vessel.  Adjustments 
arising  due  to  differences  in  assays  and  weights,  from  the  time  of  provisional  invoicing  to  the  time  of  final 
settlement, are adjusted to revenue. 

(r) 

Expenses   

(i)  Operating lease payments 

Payments made under operating leases are recognised in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the 
term of the lease. Lease incentives received are recognised in the income statement as an integral part of the 
total lease expense. 

(ii)    Finance lease payments   

Minimum  lease  payments  are  apportioned  between  the  finance  charge  and  the  reduction  of  the  outstanding 
liability.  The  finance  charge  is  allocated  to  each  period  during  the  lease  term  so  as  to  produce  a  constant 
periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. 

(iii)  Borrowing costs 

Borrowing costs are recognised in the income statement where they do not meet the criteria for capitalisation. 
Borrowing  costs  directly  attributable  to  the  acquisition,  construction  or  production  of  a  qualifying  asset  are 
capitalised. 

Equity settled share based payments 

(s) 
All share based payments are recognised in the financial statements. 

All goods and services received in exchange for the grant of any share-based remuneration are measured at their 
fair values. Fair values of employee services are determined indirectly by reference to the fair value of the share 
options  awarded.  Their  value  is  appraised  at  the  grant  dates  and  excludes  the  impact  of  non-market  vesting 
conditions. 

All  share-based  remuneration  is  ultimately  recognised  as  an  expense  in  the  income  statement  with  a 
corresponding credit to the accumulated losses in the balance sheet. 

If vesting periods apply, the expense is allocated over the vesting period, based on the best available estimate of 
the number of share options expected to vest. Estimates are subsequently revised if there is any indication that 
the number of share options expected to vest differs from previous estimates. Any cumulative adjustment prior to 
vesting is recognised in the current period. No adjustment is made to any expense recognised in prior periods if 
the number of share options ultimately exercised is different to that estimated on vesting. Upon exercise of share 
options the proceeds received net of attributable transaction costs are credited to share capital.  

Page 49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

2  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

Income tax 

(t)  
Income tax on the profit or loss for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax is recognised in the 
income  statement  except  to  the  extent  that  it  relates  to  items  recognised  directly  in  equity,  in  which  case  it  is 
recognised in equity. 

Current  tax  is  the  expected  tax  payable  on  the  taxable  income  for  the  year,  using  tax  rates  enacted  or 
substantively enacted at the balance sheet date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years. 

Deferred tax is provided using the balance sheet liability method, providing for temporary differences between the 
carrying  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  the  amounts  used  for  taxation 
purposes.  

The following temporary differences are not provided for:  
•  goodwill not deductible for tax purposes,  
• 
•  and  differences  relating  to  investments  in  subsidiaries  to  the  extent  that  they  will  probably  not  reverse  in  the 

the initial recognition of assets or liabilities that affect neither accounting nor taxable profit,  

foreseeable future.  

The amount of deferred tax provided is based on the expected manner of realisation or settlement of the carrying 
amount  of  assets  and  liabilities,  using  tax  rates  enacted  or  substantively  enacted  at  the  balance  sheet  date.  A 
deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available 
against which the asset can be utilised. Deferred tax assets are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable 
that the related tax benefit will be realised. 

Mining taxes and royalties are treated and disclosed as current and deferred taxes if they have the characteristics 
of an income tax. 

Fair value measurement 

(u) 
A  number  of assets  and  liabilities  included  in  the  Group’s  financial  statements  require  measurement  at, and/or 
disclosure of, fair value.  

The  fair  value  measurement  of  the  Group’s  financial  and  non-financial  assets  and liabilities utilises market 
observable  inputs  and  data  as  far  as  possible.  Inputs  used  in  determining  fair  value  measurements 
are   categorised   into   different   levels   based   on  how  observable  the  inputs  used  in  the  valuation  technique 
utilised are (the ‘fair value hierarchy’):  

-  Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical items (unadjusted)  
-  Level 2: Observable direct or indirect inputs other than Level 1 inputs  
-  Level 3: Unobservable inputs (i.e. not derived from market data).  

The  classification  of  an  item  into  the  above  levels  is  based  on  the  lowest  level  of  the  inputs  used  that  has  a 
significant effect on the fair value measurement of the item. Transfers of items between levels are recognised in 
the period they occur. The Group measures a number of items at fair value:   

-  Derivative financial asset (note 16)   
-  Available for sale investments (note 13)  

For more detailed information in relation to the fair value measurement of the items above, please refer to the 
applicable notes. 

Page 50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

3.  Critical judgements and accounting estimates 

(a)  Critical judgements in applying the Company’s accounting policies 

The  details  of  the  Company’s  accounting  policies  are  presented  in  accordance  with  International  Financial 
Reporting Standards as set out in Note 2 to the financial statements. The preparation of financial statements in 
conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgements in applying the Company’s accounting policies,  

Going concern 

Judgements  are  necessary  in  applying  the  going  concern  basis  in  the  preparation  of  the  Company’s  financial 
statements in respect of the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least 12 months 
from the date of signing the current period’s report.  

Mineral Property, Property, Plant and Equipment and Exploration and Evaluation Costs 

Notes 2(g) and 2(m) describe the judgements necessary to implement the Company’s policy with respect to the 
carrying value of the Company’s mineral property and exploration and evaluation costs. Management considers 
these assets for impairment at least annually with reference to the following indicators: 

Reviewing the financial performance compared to forecast; 
Reviewing the key production and milling statistics to forecast; 
Reviewing the commodity price forecasts against assumptions in the previous impairment model; and 
Considering any significant changes to the cost of capital. 

Judgements necessary for the amortisation of the mineral property, closure costs, share-based payments, Gold 
Loan, Revenue and Available for Sale Investments are described in the relevant accounting policies in Note 2. 

(b)  Key sources of estimation uncertainty 

The Company uses estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of 
assets and liabilities, income and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical 
experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of 
which form the basis of making the judgements about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily 
apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.  

The  estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  on-going  basis.  Revisions  to  accounting 
estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in 
the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. 

The following estimates are considered by management to be the most critical for investors to understand some 
of  the  processes  and  reasoning  that  go  into  the  preparation  of  the  Company’s  financial  statements,  providing 
some insight also to uncertainties that could impact the Company’s financial results.  

Going Concern 
The risks associated with going concern are explained in note 1.  

Page 51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

3.  Critical judgement and accounting estimates (continued) 

(b)  Key sources of estimation uncertainty (continued) 

Mineral Property, Property, Plant and Equipment and Exploration and Evaluation Costs 
The  directors  have  assessed  whether  there  are  any  indicators  of  impairment  in  respect  of  mineral  property, 
property,  plant  and  equipment  and  exploration  and  evaluation  costs  totalling  US$70.6  million.  In  making  this 
assessment  they  have  considered  the  Group’s  business  plan  which  includes  resource  estimates,  future 
processing  capacity,  future  exchange  rates,  the  forward  market  and  longer  term  price  outlook  for  copper  and 
gold and assumptions regarding weighted average cost of capital.  Resource estimates have been based on the 
most  recently  filed  NI43-101  report  and  its  opportunities  economic  model  which  includes  resource  estimates 
without  conversion  of  its  inferred  resources.  Management’s  estimates  of  these  factors  are  subject  to  risk  and 
uncertainties affecting the recoverability of the Group’s mineral property and exploration and evaluation costs.  

Amortisation of Mineral Property 
Amortisation of the Mineral Property is calculated on a unit of production method expected to amortise the cost 
including  future  forecast  capital  expenditure  over  the  expected  life  of  the  mine  based  on  the  tonnes  of  ore 
expected to be extracted. Any changes to these estimates may result in an increase in the amortisation charge 
with a corresponding reduction in the carrying value of the Mineral Property.  

Closure costs 
The Group has an obligation to restore its properties after the minerals have been mined from the site, and has 
estimated the costs necessary to comply with existing reclamation standards. These estimates are recorded as a 
liability at their fair values in the periods in which they occur. If the estimate of reclamation costs proves to be 
inaccurate, the Group could be required to increase the provision for site closure and reclamation costs, which 
would increase the amount of future reclamation expense, resulting in a reduction in the Group’s earnings and 
net assets. 

Share-based payments 
The Group calculates the cost of share based payments using the Black-Scholes model. Inputs into the model in 
respect  of  the  expected  option/warrant  life  and  the  volatility  are  subject  to  management  estimate  and  any 
changes to these estimates may have a significant effect on the cost.  The assumptions used in calculating the 
cost of share based payments are explained in notes 6 and 20. 

Gold Loan 
The Group calculates the effective interest rate on the Gold Loan based on estimates of future cash flows arising 
from the sale of payable gold (see note 22).The cash flows will be dependent on the production of gold and its 
selling price at the time of delivery which have been estimated in line with the mine plan, future prices of gold 
and reserve estimates. Management’s estimates of these factors are subject to risk and uncertainties affecting 
the amount of the interest charge.  Any changes to these estimates may result in a significantly different interest 
charge which would affect the carrying value of the exploration and evaluation costs and the corresponding Gold 
Loan liability. 

Revenue 
Revenues are subject to variation after the date of sale due to assay, price and foreign exchange fluctuations.  
Management monitors these changes closely and at the end of the period the directors will consider whether the 
effect  of  these  variations  are  material  on  the  whole  and  determine  whether  an  adjustment  is  therefore 
appropriate. 

Available for sale investment 
Management  consider  that  they  do  not  have  significant  influence  over  the  financial  and  policy  decisions  of 
Maritime and therefore have included the investment as an available for sale investment. 

Page 52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

3.  Critical judgement and accounting estimates (continued) 

(b)  Key sources of estimation uncertainty (continued) 

Deferred tax 
The Company has incurred losses which will be available for offset against future taxable profits and one of the 
subsidiaries  has  tax  credits  available  to  offset  against  future  tax  liabilities.  Following  the  declaration  of 
commercial production it has been concluded that the Company has sufficient evidence of future taxable profits 
to  justify  the  recognition  of  a  deferred  tax  asset.  If  future  taxable  profits  prove  to  be  insufficient  the  Company 
could be required to reduce the deferred tax asset which would result in a reduction in the Company’s earnings 
and net assets. 

4.  Operating segments 

The Group’s operations relate to the exploration for and development of mineral deposits with support provided 
from the UK and as such the Group has only one operating segment.  

Information about geographical areas 

 Year to Dec 31, 2017 

UK 

Canada 

Consolidated 

Five months to Dec 31, 2016 
Canada 

Consolidated 

UK 

Revenue 

- 

28,324 

28,324 

- 

9,680 

9,680 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

Non-current assets 

1,680 

86,788 

88,468 

1,429 

74,370 

75,799 

Information about major customers 

Revenues from transactions with a single customer exceeding 10% of total revenues were as follows: 

Customer A 

Year to 

5 months to 

Dec 31, 2017 
  US$’000 

Dec 31, 2016 

US$’000 

28,324 

28,324 

9,680 

9,680 

Page 53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

5.  Operating loss 

The operating loss is after charging: 

Depreciation – owned assets 
Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Amortisation  
Impairment charges  
Directors’ emoluments (see note 25) 
Auditor’s remuneration: 
  Audit of these financial statements 

Fees payable to the auditor for other services: 

  Other assurance services  

Year to  

5 months to 

Dec 31, 2017 

Dec 31, 2016 

  US$’000 

US$’000 

4,469 
- 
3,355 
- 
351 

1,483 
(12) 
1,444 
- 
168 

132 

125 

6 

2 

The Audit Committee reviews the nature and extent of non-audit services to ensure that independence is maintained.  

6.  Personnel expenses 

Salary costs 

Wages and salaries 
Other short term benefits 
Compulsory social security contributions 
Share based payments 

Group 

Year to  

Group 

5 months to 

Dec 31, 2017 

Dec 31, 2016 

US$’000 

US$,000 

10,074 
565 
1,675 
112 

12,426 

3,988 
219 
602 
33 

4,842 

Salary costs of US$533,000 (Five months to December 31, 2016: US$138,000, year to July 31, 2016: US$259,000) 
were capitalised as part of the cost of assets under construction costs during the year. 

Number of employees 
The average number of employees during the period was as follows: 

Directors 
Administration 
Production and development 

Group 

Group 

Year to  

5 months to 

Dec 31, 2017 

Dec 31, 2016 

7 
14 
164 

185 

6 
11 
131 

148 

Page 54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

6.  Personnel expenses (continued) 

During the period the Group granted share options to key personnel to purchase shares in the entity. The options are 
exercisable at the market price of the shares at the date of grant. 

Share-based payments 
The number and weighted average exercise prices of share options are as follows: 

Outstanding at the beginning of the period 
Granted during the period 
Exercised during period 
Cancelled during the period 
Expired during the period 
Outstanding at the end of the period 
Exercisable at end of period 

2017 

US$ 

0.38 

0.09 

0.06 

0.11

0.82 

0.13 

0.35 

Weighted 

average 

exercise 

Number 

price 

of options 

Dec 31, 

Dec 31, 

Weighted 

average 

exercise 

price 
Dec 31, 
2016 
US$ 

2017 

‘000 

13,014 

1,230 

(450) 

(355) 

0.36 

0.06 

- 

0.28

(210) 

0.52 

13,229 

3,239 

0.14 

0.38 

Number 

of options 

Dec 31, 

2016 

‘000 

5,079 

9,580 

- 

(1,620) 

(25) 

13,014 

3,430 

The  options  outstanding  at  December  31,  2017  have  an  exercise  price  in  the  range  of  US$0.05  to  US$0.82 
(December  31,  2016:  US$0.05  to  US$0.82)  and  a  weighted  average  remaining  contractual  life  of  3.8  years 
(December 31, 2016: 4.8 years).  

The fair value of services received in return for share options granted are measured by reference to the fair value of 
share  options  granted.  The  estimate  of  the  fair  value  of  the  services  received  is  measured  based  on  the  Black-
Scholes model.  

Fair value of share options and assumptions issued during the period 

Fair value at measurement date 

Share price (weighted average) 
Exercise price (weighted average) 
Expected volatility (expressed as weighted average volatility used 
in the modelling under Black-Scholes model) 
Expected option life (years) 
Expected dividends  
Risk-free interest rate (based on national government bonds) 

  Year to Dec 

5m to Dec 

31,2017 

31,2016 

  US$0.07  US$0.04 

US$0.09  US$0.06 
US$0.09  US$0.06 

116% 
5 
- 
1.41% 

94% 
5 
- 
0.64% 

Page 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

6.  Personnel expenses (continued) 

The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility (calculated based on the weighted average remaining life of 
the share options), adjusted for any expected changes to future volatility due to publicly available information. 

There is no performance or market conditions associated with the share option grants. 

The share-based payment expense relates to the following grants:  

  Year to Dec 
31, 2017 

5m to Dec 
31, 2016 

US$’000 

US$’000 

- 
110 
2 

112 

1 
32 
--- 

33 

Year to  
Dec 31, 2017 

5 months to 
Dec 31, 2016 

US$’000 

US$’000 

2,015 

1,504 

Year to  
Dec 31, 2017 

5 months to 
Dec 31, 2016 

US$’000 

US$’000 

175 
(566) 
17 
40 
162 
28 

(144) 

46 
3,003 
51 
- 
66 
10 

3,176 

Year to  
Dec 31, 2017 
  US$,000 

5 months to 
Dec 31, 2016 
US$,000 

- 

- 

(1,460) 
55 
22 

(1,296) 

(1,601) 
(1,496) 
(229) 

(3,326) 

Share options granted in 2014 
Share options granted in 2016 
Share options granted in 2017 
Total expense recognised as employee costs 

7.  Gain on derivative financial instruments 

Gain on concentrate receivables from off-taker 

8.  Finance costs 

Finance lease interest 
Gold loan interest 
Advance purchase facility interest and charges 
Other loan interest 
Off-take provisional payment interest 
Unwinding of discount on reclamation provision 

9. 

Income tax   

Recognised in the income statement   

Current tax expense 
Current period 

Deferred tax credit 
Origination and reversal of temporary timing differences 
Mining tax – origination and reversal of temporary differences  
(Under)/over provision in previous year 
Total income tax (credit)/charge in income statement 

Page 56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

9. 

Income tax (continued) 

Reconciliation of effective tax rate 

A reconciliation between the tax credit and the product of the Group’s accounting loss multiplied by the 
Group’s statutory income tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2017 and the five months ended 
December 31, 2016 is as follows: 

Loss before tax 

Income tax using the UK corporation tax rate of 19.25% (2016: 
20%) 
Effect of tax rates in foreign jurisdictions (rates increased) 
Mining tax 
Net permanent differences 
Effect of tax rates on chargeable gain 
Effect of change in tax rates 
Effect of tax losses and credits 
(Under)/over provision in previous year 
Exchange difference 

Recognised in other comprehensive income 

Current tax expense 
Current year 

Deferred tax credit 
Fair value re-measurement of available for sale investments 
Exchange difference on retranslation of UK deferred tax asset  
Total income tax expense/(credit) in statement of other 
comprehensive income 

Year to  

5 months to 

Dec 31, 2017 

  US$’000 

Dec 31, 2016 
US$’000 

(5,444) 

(6,071) 

(1,048) 
(458) 
56 
46 
(115) 
107 
87 
23 
6 

(1,296) 

(1,214) 
(542) 
(1,496) 
31 
(62) 
162 
3 
(229) 
21 

(3,326) 

Year to  

5 months to 

Dec 31, 2017 

Dec 31, 2016 

  US$,000 

US$,000 

- 

- 

(87) 
(48) 

(93) 
59 

(135) 

(34) 

Page 57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

9. 

Income tax credit (continued) 

Recognised deferred tax assets and liabilities  
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are attributable to the following: 

Property, plant and equipment 
Mineral property 
Intangible assets 
Available for sale investment 
Gold loan and government assistance 
Mining tax 
Other timing differences 
Tax value of loss carry-forwards and 
credits recognised 
Net tax assets /(liabilities) 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Net 

Balance 

Balance 

Balance 

Balance 

Balance 

Balance 

Dec 31, 2017  Dec 31, 2016 

 Dec 31, 2017  Dec 31, 2016  Dec 31, 2017  Dec 31, 2016 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

- 
2,283 
118 
- 
1,581 
1,536 
- 

- 
3,064 
109 
3 
26 
1,496 
- 

(3,471) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(217) 

(3,112) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(94) 

(3,471) 
2,283 
118 
- 
1,581 
1,536 
(217) 

(3,112) 
3,064 
109 
3 
26 
1,496 
(94) 

12,020 

17,538 

10,053 

14,751 

- 

- 

(3,688) 

(3,206) 

12,020 

13,850 

10,053 

11,545 

Movement in recognised deferred tax assets and liabilities 

Property, plant and equipment 
Mineral property 
Intangible assets 
Available for sale investment 
Gold loan 
Mining tax 
Other timing differences 
Tax value of loss carry-forwards and credits – Canada 
Tax value of loss carry-forwards – UK 

Recognised in 

Recognised in 

Balance  

income 

other 

Exchange 

Balance 

Aug 1, 2016 

comprehensive 

difference 

Dec 31, 2016 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

income 

3,264 
(3,328) 
(106) 
91 
634 
- 
(29) 
(7,379) 
(1,567) 

(8,420) 

(59) 
169 
(4) 
- 
(645) 
(1,496) 
117 
(1,280) 
(128) 

(3,326) 

- 
- 
- 
(93) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
59 

(34) 

(93) 
95 
1 
(1) 
(15) 
- 
6 
35 
207 

235 

3,112 
(3,064) 
(109) 
(3) 
(26) 
(1,496) 
94 
(8,624) 
(1,429) 

(11,545) 

Recognised in 

Balance  

Recognised in 

other 

Exchange 

Balance 

Jan 1, 2017 

income 

comprehensive 

difference 

Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

income 

Property, plant and equipment 
Mineral property 
Intangible assets 
Available for sale investment 
Gold loan and government assistance 
Mining tax 
Other timing differences 
Tax value of loss carry-forwards and credits – Canada 
Tax value of loss carry-forwards – UK 

3,112 
(3,064) 
(109) 
(3) 
(26) 
(1,496) 
94 
(8,624) 
(1,429) 

133 
945 
(2) 
90 
(1,548) 
55 
191 
(942) 
(218) 

- 
- 
- 
(87) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(48) 

(11,545) 

(1,296) 

(135) 

226 
(164) 
(7) 
- 
(85) 
(95) 
10 
(774) 
15 

(874) 

3,471 
(2,283) 
(118) 
- 
(1,659) 
(1,536) 
295 
(10,340) 
(1,680) 

(13,850) 

Page 58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

9. 

Income tax credit (continued) 

The  Group  has  incurred  losses  which  will  be  available  for  offset  against  future  taxable  profits  and  one  of  the 
subsidiaries has tax credits available to offset against future tax liabilities. The Group considers that it has sufficient 
evidence of future taxable profits to justify the recognition of a deferred tax asset of US$13.9 million (December 31, 
2016: US$11.6 million). 

The Group has recognised a deferred tax liability in respect of mining tax of US$55,000 during the year bringing the 
balance to US$1.5 million (five months to December 31, 2016: recognised deferred tax asset of US$1.5 million). The 
group  considers  that  with  recent  increases  in  the  market  outlook  for  copper  prices  that  it  has  sufficient  evidence  of 
future mining profits to justify the recognition of this asset.  

10.  Intangible assets 

Cost 
Balance at 1 August, 2016 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Balance at 31 December, 2016 

Balance at 1 January, 2017 
Additions 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Balance at December 31, 2017 

Carrying amounts 
At 1 August, 2016 
At 31 December, 2016 

At 1 January, 2017 
At December 31, 2017 

Exploration and evaluation costs 

Ming Mine 

Little Deer Project 

Total 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

- 
- 

- 

- 
979 
15 

994 

- 

- 

- 

994 

2,233 
(64) 

2,169 

2,169 
41 
193 

2,403 

2,233 

2,169 

2,169 

2,403 

2,233 
(64) 

2,169 

2,169 
1,020 
208 

3,397 

14,084 

2,169 

2,169 

3,397 

Consideration of impairment for exploration and evaluation costs 

The directors have assessed whether there are any indicators of impairment in respect of exploration and evaluation 
costs.  Following  the  assessment,  management  concluded  that  no  impairment  triggers  had  been  noted  that  would 
require a formal impairment test and impairment charge against exploration and evaluation costs has been recorded. 

Page 59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

11.  Mineral property 

Cost 

Balance at August 1,  2016 
Additions 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Balance at December 31, 2016 

Balance at January 1,  2017 
Additions 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Balance at December 31, 2017 

Amortisation and impairment 
Balance at August 1, 2016 
Amortisation charge 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Balance at December 31, 2016 

Balance at January 1, 2017 
Amortisation charge 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Balance at December 31, 2017 

Carrying amounts 

At August 1, 2016 
At December 31, 2016 

At January 1, 2017 
At December 31, 2017 

Mineral 

property 

US$’000 

70,058 
1,673 
(2,030) 

69,701 

69,701 
5,278 
5,064 

80,043 

34,820 
1,444 
(1,016) 

35,248 

35,248 
3,355 
2,606 

41,209 

35,238 

34,453 

34,453 

38,834 

Consideration of impairment for mineral property costs 

The  directors  have  assessed  whether  there  are  any  indicators  of  impairment  in  respect  of  mineral  property 
costs.   See  note  3  for  an  explanation  of  the  factors  considered  in  respect  of  the  Ming  Mine.  After  consideration  of 
those  factors  management  concluded  that  no  impairment  triggers  had  been  noted  that  would  require  a  formal 
impairment test and no further impairment charge against in-production mining assets has been recorded. 

Page 60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

12.  Property, plant and equipment 

Land and 

Assets under 

Motor 

Plant and 

fittings and  

Computer 

buildings 

construction 

vehicles 

equipment 

equipment 

equipment 

Total 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000  US$’000 

Fixtures, 

4,063 
10 
- 
(117) 

3,956 

3,956 
25 
- 
279 

4,260 

2,045 
156 
- 
(60) 

2,141 

2,141 
362 
163 

2,666 

2,018 

1,815 

1,815 

1,594 

728 
654 
- 
(25) 

1,357 

1,357 
2,814 
(319) 
159 

4,011 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

728 

1,357 

1,357 

4,011 

228 
- 
- 
(6) 

222 

222 
- 
- 
15 

237 

217 
4 
- 
(6) 

215 

215 
7 
15 

237 

11 

7 

7 

- 

39,885 
1,407 
(823) 
(1,107) 

39,362 

39,362 
5,143 
319 
3,024 

47,848 

19,549 
1,302 
(805) 
(523) 

19,523 

19,523 
4,073 
1,501 

25,097 

20,336 

19,840 

19,840 

22,751 

96 
- 
- 
(2) 

94 

94 
1 
- 
6 

764  45,764 
2,097 
(823) 
(1,278) 

26 
- 
(21) 

769  45,760 

769  45,760 
8,053 
- 
3,540 

70 
- 
57 

101 

896  57,353 

90 
2 
- 
(3) 

89 

89 
4 
7 

738  22,639 
1,483 
(805) 
(613) 

19 
- 
(21) 

736  22,704 

736  22,704 
4,468 
1,738 

22 
52 

100 

810  28,910 

6 

5 

5 

1 

26  23,125 

33  23,056 

33  23,056 

86  28,443 

Cost 
Balance at August 1, 2016 
Additions 
Disposals 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Balance at December 31, 2016 

Balance at January 1, 2017 
Additions 
Reclassification 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Balance at December 31, 2017 

Depreciation and impairment losses 
Balance at August 1, 2016 
Depreciation charge for the year 
Eliminated on disposals 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Balance at December 31, 2016 

Balance at January 1, 2017 
Depreciation charge for the year 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Balance at December 31, 2017 

Carrying amounts 
At August 1, 2016 
At December 31, 2016 

At January 1, 2017 
At December 31, 2017 

Leased plant and machinery 

The Group leases surface and underground equipment under a number of finance lease agreements. At the end of 
each lease the Group has the option to purchase the equipment at a beneficial price. At December 31, 2017, the net 
carrying amount of leased plant and machinery was US$5.1 million (December 31, 2016: US$3.3 million). The leased 
plant  and  machinery  secures  lease  obligations  (see  note 22).  During  the  period  plant  and  equipment  additions  of 
US$4.2 million (2016: US$0.5 million) were acquired through finance lease arrangements.   

Page 61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)  

13. Available for sale investments 

Cost or valuation 
Balance at August 1, 2016 
Disposals 
Revaluation  
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Balance at December 31, 2016 

Balance at January 1, 2017 
Disposals 
Revaluation  
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Balance at December 31, 2017 
Carrying amounts 
At December 31, 2016 
At December 31, 2017 

Available for sale 

investments 

US$’000 

2,402 
(783) 
(245) 
(41) 

1,333 

1,333 
(324) 
(389) 
(10) 

610 

1,333 

610 

Rambler  holds  an  8.4%  equity  stake  in  Maritime  Resources  Corp  and  a  representative  on  the  Board  of  Directors. 
This representation does not result in the Group having significant influence over the investment. The market price 
per share at December 31, 2017 was US$0.08 (December 31, 2016: US$0.10).  

During  the  year  the  Company  disposed  of  its  remaining  shareholding  in  Marathon  Gold  Corporation  for  US$1.1 
million. 

The  carrying  amount  of  the  available  for  sale  investments  is  the  level  1  fair  value  determined  using  the  closing 
market  price  of  the  shares  on  the  TSX  exchange.  The  cost  of  the  available  for  sale  investments  is  US$1,148,000 
(December 31, 2016: US$1,399,000). 

14.  Inventory 

Metals in process 
Operating supplies 

15.  Trade and other receivables 

Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Sales taxes recoverable 
Prepayments and accrued income 

Dec 31, 

Dec 31, 

2017 

2016 

US$’000  US$’000 
884 
1,612 
2,496 

561 
1,906 
2,467 

Dec 31, 

Dec 31, 

2017 

2016 

US$’000  US$’000 
- 
- 
200 
260 
684 
412 
400 
157 
1,284 
829 

There are no trade receivables past due or considered impaired (period ended December 31, 2016: $nil). 

Page 62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

16.  Derivative financial asset   

Concentrate receivables from off-taker 

Dec 31, 
2017 

Dec 31, 

2016 

US$’000  US$’000 
756 

1,830 

The carrying amount of the derivative financial asset is the level 2 fair value determined using forward prices of 
copper, gold and silver. The cost of the concentrate receivables is US$1,104,000 (December 31, 2016: US$375,000).

17.  Cash and cash equivalents 

Bank balances 
Cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows 

18.  Restricted cash 

Bearer deposit notes 

Dec 31, 
2017 

Dec 31, 

2016 

US$’000  US$’000 
2,156 

3,351 

3,351 

2,156 

Dec 31, 

Dec 31, 

2017 

2016 

US$’000  US$’000 
3,243 

3,530 

The Group is required to hold Letters of Credit in favour of the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador in respect 
of the reclamation and closure liability associated with the Ming Mine. The bearer deposit notes mature on differing 
dates  throughout  fiscal  2017  and  have  a  nominal  value  of  US$3,530,000  (December  31,  2016  -  US$3,243,000) 
giving an effective yield of 1.2% (December 31, 2016 – 1.2%). 

19.  Capital and reserves 

Share capital and share premium – group and company 

In issue at August 1, 2016 
Share issue expenses 
In issue at December 31, 2016 

In issue at January 1, 2017 
Issued on February 6, 2017 
Issued on November 6, 2017 
Shares issued during the year 
Transfer from share warrant reserve 
Share issue expenses 
In issue at December 31, 2017 

Share 

Share 

capital 

premium 

Total 

US$’000  US$’000 

US$’000 

Number 

‘000 

6,374 
- 

81,455 
(13) 

87,829  414,290 
- 

(13) 

6,374 

81,442 

87,816  414,290 

6,374 

81,442 

87,816  414,290 

1,681 
6 

1,687 

- 
- 

6,726 
23 

6,749 

1,230 
(112) 

8,407  135,000 
450 

29 

8,436  135,450 

1,230 
(112) 

- 
- 

8,061 

89,309 

97,370  549,740 

At December 31, 2017, the authorised share capital comprised 1,000,000,000 ordinary shares of 1p each. 

The holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared from time to time and are entitled to one 
vote per share at meetings of the Company.  

Page 63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

19.  Capital and reserves (continued) 

Warrants reserve 

At August 1, 2016 
At December 31, 2016 

At January 1, 2017 
Fair value of warrants exercised on February 6, 2017 at US$0.0623 
At December 31, 2017 

Number 

‘000 
200,000 

200,000 

$’000 

2,089 

2,089 

200,000 
(135,000) 

2,089 
(1,230) 

65,000 

859 

On June 3, 2016 the Company issued 200,000,000 share purchase warrants at an exercise price of US$0.07 (GBP 
0.05).  The  share  purchase  warrants  expire  on  3  June  2018.  The  fair  value  of  the  share  purchase  warrants  is 
measured  using  the  Black-Scholes  model  assuming  an  expected  volatility  of  100%,  a  risk-free  interest  rate  of  1% 
and a contractual life of the warrant of 2 years. The fair value of services received in return for the warrants issued is 
measured by reference to the fair value of the warrants issued in the absence of information on the fair value of the 
services  provided.  The  share  warrant  reserve  reflects  the  value  of  outstanding  share  warrants  based  on  the  fair 
value of the share warrants at the time of issue.  

Merger reserve 
The merger reserve arose from the acquisition of Rambler Mines Limited by Rambler Metals and Mining PLC. This 
acquisition was accounted for in accordance with the merger accounting principles set out in UK Financial Reporting 
Standard 6 and the Companies Act 1985, which continue under the Companies Act 2006, whereby the consolidated 
financial  statements  were  presented  as  if  the  business  previously  carried  out  through  Rambler  Mines  Limited  had 
always  been  owned  and  controlled  by  the  Company.  The  transition  provisions  of  IFRS  1  allow  all  business 
combinations prior to transition to IFRS to continue to be accounted for under the requirements of UK GAAP at that 
time. Accordingly this acquisition has not been re-stated in accordance with that standard. 

Translation reserve  
The  translation  reserve  comprises  all  foreign  exchange  differences  arising  from  the  translation  of  the  financial 
statements  of  the  parent  company  which  has  a  different  functional  currency  from  the  presentation  currency. 
Exchange  differences  arising  are  classified  as  equity  and  transferred  to  the  Group’s  translation  reserve.  Such 
translation differences are recognised in the income statement in the period of disposal of the operation. 

Fair value reserve 
The fair value reserve comprises cumulative adjustments made to the fair value of available for sale investments. 

Capital management 
The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern 
so that it can continue to increase the value of the entity for the benefit of the shareholders.  Given the nature of 
the Group’s current activities the entity will remain dependent on a mixture of debt and equity funding until such a 
time as the Group becomes self-financing from the commercial production of mineral resources. 

Page 64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

19.  Capital and reserves continued 

Capital management continued 

The Group’s capital was as follows:  

Cash and cash equivalents 
Finance leases 
Advance purchase loan 
Government assistance 
Loan from related party 
Gold loan 
Net debt 
Equity 
Total capital 

20.  Earnings per share 

  Dec 31, 2017  Dec 31, 2016 
  US$’000 

US$’000 

3,351 
(4,570) 
(3,997) 
(390) 
(1,002) 
(13,476) 

(20,084) 
(64,432) 

(84,516) 

2,156 
(2,656) 
(1,120) 
- 
- 
(15,450) 

(17,079) 
(56,369) 

(73,439) 

Basic earnings per share 
The calculation of basic earnings per share at December 31, 2017 was based on the loss attributable to ordinary 
shareholders of $4.3 million and a weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year ended 
December 31, 2017 of 535.7 million calculated as follows: 

Loss attributable to ordinary shareholders 

Loss for the period 
Loss attributable to ordinary shareholders 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares  

At August 1, 2016 
Effect of shares issued during the year 
At December 31, 2016 

In issue at January 1, 2017 
Effect of shares issued during period 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares at December 31, 2017 

  Dec 31, 2017  Dec 31, 2016 

US$’000 
(4,341) 

(4,341) 

US$’000 
(1,747) 

(1.747) 

  Number ‘000 
414,290 
- 

414,290 

414,290 
121,383 

535,673 

There  is  no  material  difference  between  the  basic  and  diluted  loss  per  share.    At  December  31,  2017  there  were 
13,229,000  (December  31,  2017:  13,014,000)  share  options  in  issue  of  which  4,742,472  (December  31,  2017: 
2,909,049) were considered to be dilutive and may have a dilutive effect on the basic earnings or loss per share in 
the  future.  At  December  31,  2017  there  were  65,000,000  (December  31,  2016:  200,000,000)  warrants  in  issue  of 
which 29,649,555 were considered to be dilutive (December 31, 2016: 49,785,331). 

Page 65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

21.  Trade and other payables  

Trade payables 
Other payables 
Accrued expenses 

Dec 31, 

Dec 31, 

2017 

2016 

  US$’000  US$’000 

5,383 
320 
1,611 

7,314 

3,669 
125 
1,298 

5,092 

22.  Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 
This note provides information about the contractual terms of the Group’s interest-bearing loans and borrowings. For 
more information about the Group’s exposure to interest rate and foreign currency risk, see note 24. 

Non-current liabilities 
Finance lease liabilities 
Gold Loan 
Advance purchase agreement 
Repayable contribution 

Current liabilities 
Current portion of finance lease liabilities 
Advance Purchase Facility 
Loan from related party 
Current portion of Gold Loan 

Finance lease liabilities 
Finance lease liabilities are payable as follows: 

Minimum 

Minimum 

Dec 31, 
2017 

Dec 31, 
2016 

US$’000 

US$’000 

3,000 
10,624 
2,682 
390 

16,696 

1,371 
13,041 
- 

14,412 

1,570 
1,315 
1,002 
2,852 

6,739 

1,284 
1,121 
- 
2,409 

4,814 

lease 
Payments 
Dec 31, 
2017 

Principal 
Dec 31, 
2017 
US$’000  US$’000  US$’000 

Interest 
Dec 31, 
2017 

lease 
Payments 
Dec 31, 
2016 

Principal 
Dec 31, 
2016 
US$’000  US$’000  US$’000 

Interest 
Dec 31, 
2016 

Less than one year 
Between one and five years 

1,743 
3,146 

4,889 

173 
146 

319 

1,570 
3,000 

4,570 

1,354 
1,430 

2,784 

70 
59 

129 

1,284 
1,371 

2,655 

Under the terms of the lease agreements, no contingent rents are payable. The finance lease liabilities are secured 
on the underlying assets.  

Page 66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)  

22.  Interest-bearing loans and borrowings (continued) 

Gold Loan 

In March 2010, the Company entered into an agreement (“Gold Loan”) with Sandstorm Resources Ltd. (‘Sandstorm’) 
to sell a portion of the life-of-mine gold production from its Ming Mine. 

Under  the  terms  of  the  agreement  Sandstorm  made  staged  upfront  cash  payments  for  the  gold  to  the  Company 
totalling US$20 million. 

For  this,  in  each  production  year  following  the  first  year  of  production,  until  175,000  oz  of  payable  gold  has  been 
produced, the Company has agreed to sell to Sandstorm, at market price,  a percentage equal to 25% x (85% divided 
by  the  actual  percentage  of  metallurgical  recovery  of  gold  realized  in  the  immediately  preceding  production  year) 
provided that, if the payable gold production in any production year after the third production year is less than 15,000 
ounces, then in each such production year, Sandstorm payable gold shall not be less than 25% of the payable gold.  
The  percentage  of  payable  gold  of  25%  falls  to  12%  after  175,000  oz  of  payable  gold  has  been  produced  and 
remains payable for the remainder of the period ending 40 years after the date of the agreement. After the expiry of 
the 40 year term, the agreement is renewable in 10 year terms at the option of Sandstorm. 

At September 30, 2017, the Company has produced 42,355 payable ounces of gold of which 13,068 ounces were 
transferrable to Sandstorm under the agreement as follows: 

Production year 

Payable gold 
ounces produced 

Ounces 
transferrable 

Pre-production 
1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 (to date) 
Total 

15,429 
4,888 
5,945 
5,408 
6,905 
3,040 
     740 
42,355 

4,937 
1,280 
1,904 
1,689 
2,069 
955 
     234 
13,068 

The Gold Loan is accounted for as a financial liability carried at amortised cost. In determining the effective interest 
rate  implicit  in  the  cash  flows  arising  from  the  loan  the  cash  flows  are  forecast  at  each  quarter  end  based  on 
management’s  best  estimates  of  the  time  of  delivery  of  payable  gold,  the  total  amount  of  gold  expected  to  be 
produced over the mine life and the timing of that production. 

Total interest of US$606,000 (five months ended December 31, 2016: US$3,003,000) was credited during the year.  

The Gold Loan is secured by a fixed and floating charge over the assets of the Group. 

Government Assistance 

During  the  year  the  Company  received  US$622,000  in  interest  free  repayable  contributions  from  a  Canadian 
government  agency.  Contributions  to  a  total  of  US$1.59  million  are  available  in  support  of  the  Phase  II  expansion 
project for the mine. The contributions are repayable over eight years from May 2019. 

The fair value of the contributions received calculated at a market interest rate of 10% have been classified as a 
financial liability with the difference between the fair value and the amount received credited against the cost of 
assets under construction. 

Page 67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

22.  Interest-bearing loans and borrowings (continued) 

Related party loan 

In  October  2017  the  company  received  a  loan  of  US$1  million  from  CE  Mining  II  Rambler  Limited.  The  loan  is 
unsecured, repayable by October 17, 2018 and carries interest at 9.5% per annum.  

Advance Purchase Facility 

During the year the Company repaid the balance of the advance purchase agreement originally signed in July 2015 
and in December 2017 the Group entered into another amended and restated purchase agreement with Transamine 
Trading S.A. (“Transamine”).  

Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement, Transamine agreed to purchase in advance, at Rambler’s option, 
up to US$4 million of concentrate (the “Advance Purchase Payments”) to be used for working capital requirements. 

The Company drew down US$4 million of Advance Purchase Payments on December 29, 2017. 

At  December  31,  2017  the  balance  was  US$4  million  which  is  repayable  by  eighteen  monthly  instalments  of 
US$222,222 plus interest at 6.75% per annum commencing on June 28, 2018.   

The advance purchase payments of US$4 million have been accounted for as a financial liability carried at amortised 
cost. 

23.  Provision 

Reclamation and closure provision  
Opening balance 
Unwinding of discount 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Ending balance 

Dec 31, 
2017 

Dec 31, 
2016 

US$’000 

US$’000 

1,804 
28 
129 

1,961 

1,833 
10 
(39) 

1,804 

The  reclamation  and  closure  provision  has  been  made  in  respect  of  costs  of  land  restoration  and  rehabilitation 
expected  to  be  incurred  at  the  end  of  the  Ming  Mine’s  expected  useful  life  of  20  years.  The  provision  has  been 
calculated  based  on  the  present  value  of  the  expected  future  cash  flows  associated  with  reclamation  and  closure 
activities as required by the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. The provision relates to restoration of all 
three sites associated with the Ming Mine project: mill, mine and port sites. The liability is secured by Letters of Credit 
for US$3.5 million.  

24.  Financial instruments 

The  Group’s  principal  financial  assets  comprise:  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  restricted  cash,  available  for  sale 
investments,  derivative  financial  instruments  and  other  receivables.  In  addition  the  Company’s  financial  assets 
include  amounts  due  from  subsidiaries.  The  Group  and  Company’s  financial  liabilities  comprise:  trade  payables; 
other  payables;  and  accrued  expenses.  The  Group’s  financial  liabilities  also  include  interest  bearing  loans  and 
borrowings. 

All of the Group’s and Company’s financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost and their financial assets are 
classified  as  loans  and  receivables  and  measured  at  amortised  cost  with  the  exception  of  available  for  sale 
investments and derivative financial instruments as described in notes 14 and 17 respectively. 

Page 68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

24.  Financial instruments (continued) 

The Group held the following categories of financial instruments at December 31, 2017: 

Financial assets 
Assets at fair value through profit and loss: 
Derivative financial instruments – level 2 fair value 

Available for sale investments: 
Investment in quoted equity securities – level 1 fair value 

Loans and receivables: 
Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Sales taxes recoverable 
Cash at bank 
Restricted cash 

Total financial assets 

Liabilities at amortised cost or equivalent: 

Trade payables 
Other payables 
Accrued expenses 
Loans and borrowings 
Total financial liabilities 

 Dec 31, 
2017 

Dec 31, 
2016 

US$’000 

US$’000 

1,830 

756 

610 

1,333 

- 
260 
412 
3,351 
3,530 

7,553 

9,993 

- 
200 
684 
2,156 
3,243 

6,283 

8,372 

Dec 31, 
2017 

Dec 31, 
2016 
US$’000  US$’000 
(3,669) 
(5,383) 
(125) 
(320) 
(1,298) 
(1,611) 
(19,226) 
(23,435) 

(30,749) 

(24,318) 

The board of directors determines, as required, the degree to which it is appropriate to use financial instruments and 
hedging techniques to mitigate risks. The main risks for which such instruments may be appropriate are liquidity risk, 
credit risk and market risk which includes foreign currency risk, interest rate risk and commodity price risk each of 
which is discussed below. 

Liquidity risk 
With  finite  cash  resources  the  liquidity  risk  is  significant.  This  risk  is  managed  by  controls  over  expenditure  and 
concentrating  on  achieving  the  payment  milestones  under  the  financing  arrangement.  Success  will  depend  largely 
upon the outcome of on-going and future exploration and development programmes.  Given the nature of the Group’s 
current activities the entity will remain dependent on a mixture of debt and equity funding in the short to medium term 
until  such  time  as  the  Group  becomes  self-financing  from  the  commercial  production  of  mineral  resources.  The 
liabilities of the parent company are due within one year.  The parent company has adequate financial resources to 
meet the obligations existing at December 31, 2017. 

Page 69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

24.  Financial instruments (continued) 

The Group’s and Company’s trade payables, other payables and accrued expenses are generally due between one 
and three months and the Group’s other financial liabilities are due as follows: 

Due within one year 
Due within one to two years 
Due within two to three years 
Due within three to four years 
Due within four to five years 
Due after five years 

Dec 31, 

2017 

Dec 31, 

2016 

US$’000 

US$’000 

7,436 
8,763 
4,516 
2,717 
946 
13,155 

37,533 

5,945 
2,443 
2,893 
2,605 
2,615 
17,318 

33,819 

Fixed rate financial liabilities 
At the year end the analysis of finance leases and hire purchase contracts which were all due in Canadian Dollars 
and are at fixed interest rates was as follows: 

Fixed rate liabilities 

Due within one year 
Due within one to two years 
Due within two to three years 
Due within three to four years 
Due within four to five years 
Due after five years 

Dec 31, 

2017 

Dec 31, 

2016 

US$’000 

US$’000 

3,306 
4,402 
1,317 
408 
81 
352 

9,866 

1,354 
662 
574 
194 
- 
- 

2,784 

The average fixed interest rate for the finance leases and hire purchase contracts outstanding at December 31, 2017 
was 5.3%. 

Credit risk 
The  Group  generally  holds  the  majority  of  its  cash  resources  in  Canadian  dollars  given  that  the  majority  of  the 
Group’s  outgoings  are  denominated  in  this  currency.    Given  the  current  climate,  the  Group  has  taken  a  very  risk 
averse approach to management of cash resources and management and Directors monitor events and associated 
risks on a continuous basis. There is little perceived credit risk in respect of trade and other receivables (see note 
15). The Group maximum exposure to credit risk at December 31, 2017 was represented by receivables and cash 
resources. 

Market risk 

Foreign currency risk 
The Company has a small amount of cash resources and certain liabilities including the Gold loan and the advance 
purchase agreement denominated in US dollars. All other assets and liabilities are denominated in Canadian dollars 
and GB pounds. Revenue is generated in US dollars while the majority of the expenditure is incurred in Canadian 
dollars  and,  to  a  lesser  extent,  GB  pounds.  The  Company  has  a  downside  exposure  to  any  strengthening  of  the 
Canadian Dollar or GB pound as this would increase expenses in US dollar terms. This risk is mitigated by reviewing 
the holding of cash balances in Canadian Dollars and GB pounds.  Any weakening of the Canadian Dollar or GB 
pound  would  however  result  in  the  reduction  of  the  expenses  in  US  dollar  terms.    In  addition  movements  in  the 
Canadian dollar and GB pound/US Dollar exchange rates would affect the Consolidated Balance Sheet. 

Page 70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

24.  Financial instruments (continued) 

Market risk (continued) 

Foreign currency risk (continued) 

The policy in relation to the translation of foreign currency assets and liabilities is set out in note 2(d), 'Accounting 
Policies Foreign Currency' to the consolidated financial statements. 

The  Group  does  not  hedge  its  exposure  of  foreign  investments  held  in  foreign  currencies.  There  is  no  significant 
impact on profit or loss from foreign currency movements associated with the Parent company’s assets and liabilities 
as the foreign currency gains or losses are recorded in the translation reserve.  

Exchange rate fluctuations may adversely affect the Group’s financial position and results. The following table details 
the Group’s sensitivity to a 10% strengthening and weakening in the GB pound and Canadian Dollar against the US 
Dollar. 10% represents management’s assessment of the reasonable possible exposure.  

10% strengthening of GB pound 
10% weakening of GB pound 
10% strengthening of Canadian dollar 
10% weakening of Canadian dollar 

At the period end the cash and short term deposits were as follows: 

Canadian $ 
US $ 
Sterling 

Equity 

Dec 31, 
2017 

US$’00
0 
(17) 
16 
(295) 
269 

Dec 31, 
2016 
US$’000 

98 
(89) 
(107) 
97 

Dec 31, 

Dec 31, 

2017 

US$’000 
644 
2,692 
15 

3,351 

2016 

US$’000 

948 
37 
1,171 

2,156 

Interest rate risk 
The  Group's  policy  is  to  retain  its  surplus  funds  on  the  most  advantageous  term  of  deposit  available  up  to  twelve 
month's maximum duration.  Details of the Group’s borrowings are described in note 22. 

If  the  interest  rate  on  deposits  were  to  fluctuate  by  1%  there  would  be  no  material  effect  on  the  Group’s  and 
Company’s reported results. 

Commodity price risk 
Commodity price risk is the risk that the Group’s future earnings will be adversely impacted by changes in the market 
prices of commodities. The Group is exposed to commodity price risk as its future revenues will be derived based on 
contracts with customers at prices that will be determined by reference to market prices of copper and gold at the 
delivery date. 

As explained in note 3 the Group calculates the effective interest rate on the Gold Loan based on estimates of future 
cash flows arising from the sale of payable gold. In estimating the cash flows the following table details the Group’s 
sensitivity to a 10% increase and a 25% decrease in the price of gold. These percentages represent management’s 
assessment of the reasonable possible exposure. 

Page 71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

24.  Financial instruments (continued) 

Market risk (continued) 

Commodity price risk (continued) 

  Dec 31, 
2017 

  US$’000 

Gross assets 
Dec 31, 
2016 
US$’000 

10% increase in the price of gold 
25% decrease in the price of gold 

(1,348) 
3,369 

(1,368) 
3,397 

Receivables  in  respect  of  the  sale  of  copper  concentrate  which  contain  an  embedded  derivative  linking  them  to 
future  commodity  prices  are  measured  at  fair  value  through  profit  and  loss  and  are  treated  as  derivative  financial 
assets or liabilities. In estimating the value of the derivative the following table details the Group’s sensitivity to a 5% 
increase  and  a  5%  decrease  in  the  price  of  copper,  gold  and  silver.  These  percentages  represent  management’s 
assessment of the reasonable possible exposure. 

5% increase in the price of copper,  gold and silver 
5% decrease in the price of copper, gold and silver 

  Dec 31, 
2017 
$’000 

Gross assets 
Dec 31, 
2016 
$’000 

587 
(587) 

603 
(603) 

Financial assets 
The floating rate financial assets comprise interest earning bank deposits at rates set by reference to the prevailing 
LIBOR or equivalent to the relevant country.  Fixed rate financial assets are cash held on fixed term deposit. 

Fair values 
In the directors’ opinion there is no material difference between the book value and fair value of any of the 
Company’s financial instruments. 

Page 72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

25.  Related parties 

Identity of related parties 
The Group has a related party relationship with its subsidiaries and with its directors and executive officers. 

Transactions with key management personnel 
The directors’ compensations were as follows: 

Salary – executive 
N Williams 

Fees – non-executive 
B A Mills 
B Labatte 
M V Sander 
T I Ackerman 
G Poulter 
E C Chen 

Share options held by directors were as follows: 

N Williams1 

  Dec 31, 2017  Dec 31, 2016 
  US$’000 

US$’000 

242 

130 

19 
19 
19 
19 
15 
19 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
8 

352 

168 

At 31.12.17  At 31.12.16 

No. 

No. 

‘000 
4,575 

4,575 

‘000 
4,575 

4,575 

1 100,000 options at an exercise price of US$0.71 expiring on July 7, 2018, 75,000 options at an exercise price of US$0.13 expiring on  November 
10,  2018, 250,000 options at an exercise price of US$0.37 expiring on May 7, 2020, 750,000 options at an exercise price of US$0.37 expiring on 
February 19,  2024 and 3,400,000 options at an exercise price of US$0.06 expiring on August 22, 2021. 
Total key management personnel compensations were as follows: 

Short term employee benefits 
Social security costs 
Share based payments 

Dec 31, 

Dec 31, 

2017 

$’000 

2016 

$’000 

508 
26 
58 

592 

253 
16 
20 

289 

Page 73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

25.  Related parties (continued) 

Subsidiaries 
The company has interests in the following material subsidiary undertakings, which are included in the consolidated 
financial statements. 

Name   

Class 

Holding 

Activity 

Country of 
Incorporation 

Rambler Mines Limited 

Ordinary 

100% 

Holding company  England 

Rambler Metals and Mining 
Canada Limited 

Common 

100% (indirectly) Exploration, 

Canada 

development and  
mining 

1948565 Ontario Resources Inc. 

Common 

100% 

Exploration 

Canada 

The  registered  address  of  Rambler  Mines  Limited  is  Salatin  House,  19  Cedar  Road,  Sutton,  Surrey  SM2  5DA, 
England and for the two Canadian subsidiaries the registered address is P.O. Box 610, Baie Verte, NL, Canada A0K 
1B0. 

CE Mining II Rambler Limited, a controlling shareholder of the Company, holds 65,000,000 warrants at a valuation of 
US$858,000 (see Note 19). Details of related party transactions with CE Mining II Rambler Limited are included in 
note 22. 

Ultimate and controlling party 

CE Mining II Rambler Limited is the ultimate and controlling party of the Company. 

26.  Subsequent events  

On March 5, 2018 the Company announced the completion of a new mineral and reserves estimate for the 
Ming  mine.  Contained  copper  in  the  mineral  reserves  is  estimated  at  329  million  pounds  with  gold  of  114 
thousand  ounces,  fully  replacing  reserves  after  two  years  of  mining.  Mineral  resource  tonnes  (M+I)  have 
declined from the 2015 estimate by 18%, however, the copper grade has improved 9% and gold grade by 
14%. The change in measured and indicated resources is a result of an extensive diamond drilling program 
in  an  underexplored  area  of  the  Lower  Footwall  Zone.  The  life  of  mine,  production,  cost  and  financial 
highlights are as follows: 

•  Over a planned 20 year life-of-mine, ending 2037, the project will produce 514 thousand tonnes of 
high-grade  copper  concentrate  containing  saleable  metal  of  312  million  pounds  of  copper  and  57 
thousand ounces of gold. Average annual sales is 26 thousand tonnes of copper concentrate  

•  Average annual cash operating cost of US$1.98 per pound of copper net of by-product credits (‘C1’), 
with an all-in pre-tax costs of US$2.37 per pound of copper and after-tax cost of US$2.49 per pound. 

•  Net  undiscounted  cash  flow  from  operations  of  US$277  million.  Net  pre-tax  cash  flow  of  US$195 

million (after-tax US$157 million). 

•  Project pre-tax net present value (‘NPV7%’) of US$100 million. After-tax NPV7% of US$83 million. 

Page 74 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 

Year to  
December 31, 
2017 

5 months to 
December 31, 
2016 

Year to 
December 31,  
2016 

$’000 

$’000 

$’000 

(Loss)/profit for the period 

(2,799) 

1,348 

8,025 

Other comprehensive income 
Items that may be reclassified into profit or loss 
Exchange differences on translation into presentation currency 
Other comprehensive profit/(loss) for the year 

6,603 

6,603 

(4,426) 

(4,426) 

(11,310) 

(11,310) 

Total comprehensive profit/(loss) for the year 

3,804 

(3,078) 

(3,285) 

Page 75 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REGISTERED NUMBER: 05101822 (ENGLAND AND WALES) 

RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

As at December 31, 2017 
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 

Assets 

  Investments 
  Loans 
  Deferred tax 

Total non-current assets 

  Trade and other receivables 
  Cash and cash equivalents 
Total current assets 
Total assets 

Equity 

Issued capital 
  Share premium 
  Warrants reserve 
  Translation reserve 
  Retained profit 
Total equity 

Liabilities 
  Trade and other payables 
Total current liabilities 
Total liabilities 
Total equity and liabilities 

Note 

December 31,  December 31, 

2017 

$’000 

2016 

$’000 

C2 
C2 
C3 

C4 
C5 

20 

C6 

71,458 
1,532 
1,680 

74,670 

28 
15 

43 

74,713 

8,061 
89,309 
859 
(6,599) 
(17,134) 

74,496 

217 

217 

217 

58,408 
1,398 
1,429 

61,235 

46 
1,171 

1,217 

62,452 

6,374 
81,442 
2,089 
(13,202) 
(14,394) 

62,309 

143 

143 

143 

74,713 

62,452 

As permitted by Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the profit and loss account of the company 
is not presented as part of these financial statements. The company's total comprehensive profit for 
the financial year was US$3.8m (five months ended December 31, 2016: US$3.1m loss, year ended 
December 31, 2016: US$3.3 million loss). 

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD: 

N P Williams 
Director 
Approved and authorised for issue by the Board on April 30, 2018. 

Page 76 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 

Balance at August 1, 2016 
Comprehensive income 
Profit for the year 
Foreign exchange translation differences 
Total other comprehensive income 
Total comprehensive loss for the year 
Share issue expenses 
Share based payments 
Transactions with owners 
Balance at December 31, 2016 

Balance at January 1, 2017 
Comprehensive income 
Loss for the year 
Foreign exchange translation differences 
Total other comprehensive income 
Total comprehensive loss for the year 
Issue of share capital 
Share issue expenses 
Share based payments 
Transactions with owners 
Balance at December 31, 2017 

Share  
capital 
US$’000 

Share  
premium 

US$’000 

Warrants 
reserve 
US$’000 

Translation 
reserve 
US$’000 

Accumulated 

losses 
US$’000 

Total 
US$’000 

6,374 

81,455 

2,089 

(8,746) 

(15,759) 

65,413 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(13) 
- 

(13) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,345 

(4,456) 

(4,456) 

(4,456) 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

1,345 

- 
20 

20 

1,345 

(4,456) 

(4,456) 

(3,111) 

(13) 
20 

7 

6,374 

81,442 

2,089 

(13,202) 

(14,394) 

62,309 

6,374 

81,442 

2,089 

(13,202) 

(14,394) 

62,309 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,687 
- 
- 
1,687 

8,061 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7,979 
(112) 
- 

7,867 

89,309 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,230) 
- 
- 

(1,230) 

- 

6,603 

6,603 

6,603 

- 
- 
- 

- 

(2,799) 

(2,799) 

- 

- 

(2,799) 

- 
- 
59 

59 

6,603 

6,603 

3805 

8,436 
(112) 
59 

8,383 

859 

(6,599) 

(17,134) 

74,496 

Page 77 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS  

For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Operating profit/(loss) 
Share based payments 
Foreign exchange losses 
Decrease/(increase) in debtors 
Increase in creditors 
Net cash utilised in operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Acquisition of subsidiary 
Advances to subsidiaries 
Loans repaid by subsidiaries 
Net cash generated from/( utilised in) investing 
activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from the issue of share capital 
Share issue expenses 
Net cash from financing activities 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash held 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 

Year to 
December 31,  
2017 

5 months to 
December 31,  
2016 

$’000 

$’000 

(2,906) 
59 
1,657 
18 
74 

(1,098) 

- 
(9,133) 
707 

1,383 
20 
(2,132) 
(4) 
(69) 

(802) 

- 
(6,243) 
364 

(8,426) 

(5,879) 

8,435 
(112) 

8,323 

(1,201) 
1,171 
45 

15 

- 
(46) 

(46) 

(6,727) 
8,155 
(257) 

1,171 

Page 78 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

C1.  Accounting policies 

The accounting policies of the Company are consistent with those adopted by the Group with the addition of the 
following: 

Investments 
Investments are stated at their cost less impairment losses. 

C2.  Investments and loans 

Cost 
Balance at August 1, 2016 
Advances 
Repayments 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Balance at December 31, 2016 

Balance at January 1, 2017 
Advances 
Repayments 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Balance at December 31, 2017 

Investment in 

subsidiary 

$’000 

Loans 
$’000 

Total 
$’000 

1,498 
- 
- 
(100) 

1,398 

54,363 
6,243 
(364) 
(1,834) 

58,408 

55,861 
6,243 
(364) 
(1,934) 

59,806 

1,398 

58,408 

59,806 

- 
- 
134 

9,133 
(707) 
4,624 

9,133 
(707) 
4,758 

1,532 

71,458 

72,990 

The company has interests in the following subsidiary undertakings, which are included in the consolidated financial 
statements. 

Name   

Class 

Holding 

Activity 

Country of 
Incorporation 

Rambler Mines Limited 

Ordinary 

100% 

Holding company  England 

Rambler Metals and Mining 
Canada Limited 

Common 

100% (indirectly) Exploration, 

Canada 

development and  
mining 

1948565 Ontario Inc. 

Common 

100% 

Exploration 

Canada 

The registered address of Rambler Mines Limited is Salatin House, 19 Cedar Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5DA, 
England and for the two Canadian subsidiaries the registered address is P.O. Box 610, Baie Verte, NL, Canada 
A0K 1B0. 

The aggregate value of shares in subsidiary undertakings is stated at cost. 

The loans to the subsidiary undertakings are interest free. 

Page 79 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

C3.  Deferred tax 

The Company has incurred losses which will be available for offset against future taxable profits. Given the continuing 
profitability of one of the Company’s subsidiaries it has been concluded that the Company has sufficient evidence of 
future taxable profits to justify the recognition of a deferred tax asset of $1.7 million (2016: US$1.4 million).  

C4.  Trade and other receivables 

Sales taxes recoverable 
Prepayments and accrued income 

C5.  Cash and cash equivalents 

Bank balances 
Cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows 

C6.  Trade and other payables  

Trade payables 
Non trade payables 
Accrued expenses 

C7. Related party transactions  

  December 
31, 2017 

December 
31, 2016 

$’000 

$’000 

16 
12 

28 

7 
39 

46 

  December 
31, 2017 

December 
31, 2016 

$’000 

$’000 

15 

15 

1,171 

1,171 

  December 
31, 2017 

December 
31, 2016 

$’000 
67 
- 
150 

217 

$’000 
1 
- 
142 

143 

The Company has a related party relationship with its subsidiaries (see note C2) and with its directors and executive 
officers (see note 25). 

Transactions with subsidiary undertakings 
Details of loans advanced to subsidiary undertakings are included in note C2. 

Other related parties 
Transactions with other related parties are detailed in note 25. 

Page 80