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Rambler Metals and Mining PLC

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FY2018 Annual Report · Rambler Metals and Mining PLC
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REGISTERED NUMBER: 05101822 (ENGLAND AND WALES) 

RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

ANNUAL REPORT AND 

AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CONTENTS OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Company Information 

Chairman’s Statement 

Strategic Report   

Corporate Governance Statement 

Report of the Directors 

Directors’ Responsibilities  

Independent Auditor’s Report 

Consolidated Income Statement 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Company Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Company Statement of Financial Position 

Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

Company Statement of Cash Flows 

Notes to the Company Financial Statements 

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RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

COMPANY INFORMATION 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 

Directors: 

Secretary: 

Registered office: 

T I Ackerman# 
E C Chen# 
B Labatte#  
B A Mills#  
G R Poulter#  
M V Sander# 
A A Booyzen (appointed 1st April 2019)   
N P Williams (resigned 31st March 2019)  

P Mercer (resigned 18th April 2019) 
T Sanford (appointed 19th April 2019)   

3 Sheen Road 
Richmond Upon Thames 
Surrey 
TW9 1AD 

Registered number: 

5101822 (England and Wales) 

Auditor: 

Bankers: 

Solicitors: 

#Independent directors 

Deloitte LLP 
Hill House  
1 Little New St 
London EC4A 3TR 

HSBC plc 
69 Pall Mall 
London SW1Y 5EY 

Norton Rose Fulbright 
3 More London Riverside 
London SE1 2AQ 

Page 2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 

Fiscal 2018 saw the completion of the Phase II expansion plan for the Ming Copper-Gold Mine, targeting production of 
1,250 metric tonnes per day (‘mtpd’) with a life of mine now over 20 years based on current mineral reserves.  The 
operation was successful in setting a throughput record for the year of approximately 364,000 dry metric tonnes (‘dmt’), 
a seven percent increase year over year.   At the Nugget Pond copper and gold milling facility processing improvements 
continued  to  show  the  plant’s  ability  to  process  at  the  targeted  throughput  rate  while  achieving  daily  record  ore 
throughput as high as 1,395 dmt per day.   

The  mine  ventilation  project  was  successfully  completed  during  March  2018.  The  mine’s  ventilation  system  was 
reversed  allowing  for  increased  “in  mine  time”  which  has  provided  for  consistent  increases  in  mine  production  and 
improved cycle times.  Given the productivity improvements we are now turning our attention to increasing the overall 
mill feed grade and returning the Company to positive cash flows.  There is a positive long term outlook for the copper 
price, which bodes well for future mine expansion plans. 

With the completion of the Phase II expansion, and an expected return to positive cash flow, the Company will continue 
its evaluation on a potential Phase III expansion to demonstrate the full value of the copper-gold asset with an optimized 
mine and mill production plan.  Given its successes during the year the Company will also look to continue its surface 
exploration  drill  program.  In  2017  the  surface  drilling  program  demonstrated  that  the  Lower  Footwall  Zone  (‘LFZ’) 
mineralization continues well beyond the currently defined mineral reserves with increases in grade and thickness at 
depth.  The  final  drill  hole  in  the  2017  returned  the  thickest  LFZ  mineralization  discovered  on  the  property  to  date, 
returning 1.65% copper over 102 meters including 36 meters of 2.59% copper. These initiatives could potentially add 
significant longer-term value to the project.   

The  Board  appointed  Andre  Booyzen  as  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  effective  3rd  April  2019.  Andre  will  strengthen 
Rambler’s position as an expanding, profitable copper
gold producer with a long life and extensive growth opportunities 
looking ahead.  Mr. Booyzen has over 15 of years of experience in positions of growing accountability in the mining 
sector. He has a history of consistent delivery of safety improvements, operational performance improvements, and 
financial turnarounds at underground mines, most recently at Mandalay Resources’ Costerfield mine, Australia. 

‐

FINANCIAL RESULTS 

The Company’s financial results for the  period reflect the stage reached  in  its  Phase II expansion. As a result,  the 
Company generated higher revenue compared with prior periods as well as higher production.  

The results include:   

•  The Company generated revenue from sale of commodity and related services of US$31.4 million (2017: US$28.3 

million) from the sale of copper concentrate containing gold and silver by-products.  

• 

An operating loss of US$17.2 million (2017: US$7.4 million loss).  

•  Cash outflow of US$2.3 million from operations (2017 cash generated of US$1.3 million) during the year. 

• 

• 

• 

• 

The  consolidated  loss  after  taxation  for  the  year  amounted  to  US$20.0  million  (loss  per  share  of  US$0.033) 
compared to a loss of US$4.1 million for 2017 (loss per share of US$0.008).  

Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortisation (“EBITDA*”) for the year was a loss of US$7.5 million 
(2017: earnings of US$2.8 million).  

The gross assets of the Company amounted to US$82.2 million (2017: US$97.1 million) at the end of the year.  
This included mineral property of US$35.4 million (2017: US$38.8 million) and intangible assets of US$3.2 million 
(2017: US$3.4 million) which consists of accumulated deferred exploration and evaluation expenditures.  

The Company’s cash balance at year end was US$0.2 million and net debt* was US$11.4 million (2017: US$6.6 
million).  Cash balance as of signing date was US$2.8 million. 

Words with the symbol * are defined as Alternative Performance Measures. For more information on APMs used by 
the Group, including definitions, please refer to page 18 of the Annual Report. 

Page 3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

•  Copper prices diminished materially during the year dropping from US$ 3.26/lb on January 1st 2018 to US$2.71/lb 
on  December  31st  2018.  The  Company  remains  confident  of  an  improving  price  outlook  due  to  increasing 
shortages of metal and continued pressures from further downside supply issues. 

We are confident that we will reach our targeted production in 2019 and we look forward to updating the market on our 
progress over the coming months. 

B Mills 
Chairman 

June 4, 2018 

Page 4 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 

 STRATEGIC REPORT, including appendices, is intended to help the reader understand Rambler Metals 
and Mining plc (‘the parent company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘Company’ or ‘Rambler’), our operations and 
our  present  business  environment.  It  has  been  prepared  as  of  April  30,  2019  and  covers  the  results  of 
operations for the year ended December 31, 2018. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the 
audited Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2018 and notes thereto. These consolidated 
financial statements  have been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards 
(“IFRS”)  and  their  interpretations  adopted  by  the  International  Accounting  Standards  Board  (“IASB”),  as 
adopted  by  the  European  Union  and  with  IFRS  and  their  interpretations  adopted  by  the  IASB.    The 
Company’s  presentation  currency  is  US  dollars  (US$)  and  the  financial  information  is  in  US$  unless 
otherwise  stated.    These  statements  together  with  the  following  STRATEGIC  REPORT  are  intended  to 
provide  investors  with  a  reasonable  basis  for  assessing  the  potential  future  performance.  See  Forward 
Looking Statement disclosure in other matters (page 20). 

OVERVIEW 

The Company is transforming the Ming Copper-Gold Mine Project (‘the Project’) with a fully funded expansion.  
Its principal activity is the development, mining and exploration of the Project in Newfoundland and Labrador 
(see map on page 17) with a longer term goal of continued exploration and development of other properties in 
its portfolio, all located in Canada.  

The Company is looking forward to: 

1.  Optimizing  production  to  above  the  1,300  mtpd  optimized  design  and  further  reducing  costs.    The 
focus  of  the  cost  improvement  efforts  will  be:  maintenance  practice  improvements  to  increase 
equipment  availability  in  the  mine;  cycle  time  improvements  for  improved  productivity  in  the  mine; 
improving grade control and upgrading low grade material by crushing and screening; and improving 
gold and silver recovery in the plant. 

2.  Following sustained production and improved cash flow at the planned tonnes and grade the Company 
will continue with engineering studies with a view to further increase production to 2,000 mtpd and 
beyond.    Detailed  engineering  will  continue  in  2019/2020  and  will  include:  underground  material 
handling options; shaft rehabilitation; expanding the Nugget Pond mill versus building a higher capacity 
mill nearer to the mine. 

3.  Continue the diamond drilling exploration programs, from underground and surface, aiming to increase 
available  resources  and  reserves  through  continued  exploration  within  the  Ming  mine  mineralized 
trend, as well as some nearby properties. 

See Forward Looking Information in other matters (page 20).  

The Company’s directors and management believe that these priorities provide a solid foundation for Rambler, 
and its shareholders, as it continues working towards building a successful mid-tier mining company. 

The Company’s Ordinary Shares trade on the London AIM market under the symbol “RMM”. 

Page 5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

HIGHLIGHTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 

  Production of 364,176 dmt for the year (2017: 339,631 dmt), a 7% increase, with copper concentrate 

grade of 28% (2017: 28%).  

  Intersected significant Ming North Zone mineralization in the underground drilling program including 
hole R18-722-12 which returned 25.5 meters downhole length of 9.4% copper with 5.1 g/t gold. 

  Revenue for the year was US$31.4 million (2017: US$28.3 million). The increase in revenue compared 

to prior year is mainly due higher production and higher copper prices during the year. 

  Average prices for the year were US$2.93 (2017: US$2.79) per pound of copper and US$1,265 (2017: 

US$1,257) per ounce gold.  

  Operating loss for the year was US$17.2 million (2017: US$7.4 million).  EBITDA* for the year was a 

loss of US$7.5 million (2017: earnings of US$2.8 million). 

  Cash  production  costs  for  the  year  were  US$32.0  million  (2017:  US$25.4  million).  Net  direct  cash 
costs net of by-product credits (‘C1 costs*’) for the year were US$3.52 per pound of saleable copper 
(2017: US$2.86). Refer page 18. 

  Cash  outflow  from  operations  for  the  year  was  US$2.3  million  (2017:  Cash  generated  of  US$1.3 

million). 

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

• 

• 

In January 2019 the Company, via its wholly-owned subsidiary, Rambler Metals and Mining Canada 
Limited, received a bridge loan from CE Mining III Rambler Limited (“CEIII”) of US$1 million bearing 
interest  of  10%  per  annum  in  support  of  short-term  working  capital  requirements  at  its  Canadian 
operation. 

In  March  2019  the  Company  closed  a  private  placement  funding  of  US$11  million  by  way  of  an 
issuance  of  599,781,897  new  ordinary  shares  in  the  capital  of  Rambler  at  a  subscription  price  of 
US$0.018  (£0.014)  per  ordinary  share.  The  proceeds  of  the  subscription  were  for  working  capital 
purposes and to repay the US$1 million unsecured loan owing to CEIII. The loan was fully repaid in 
March 2019 including interest.  

•  An Open Offer for shares was closed in April 2019 with 37,940,043 ordinary shares issued for proceeds of 

£524,860.58. 

•  The shares of the company delisted from TSX Venture Exchange (TSXV) at the close of 15th January 
2019.  The  minimal  trading  activity  of  the  Company’s  Shares  on  the  TSXV  no  longer  justified  the 
expense and administrative requirements associated with maintaining this dual listing. 

Page 6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED)

FINANCIAL RESULTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018  

Revenue 

  A  total  of  15,525  dmt  (2017  –  14,907  dmt)  of  concentrate  was  provisionally  invoiced  during  the  year 
containing  4,187  (2017  –  3,968)  tonnes  of  saleable  copper  metal  and  4,189  (2017  –  3,357)  ounces  of 
saleable gold at an average price of US$2.93 (2017 – US$2.79) per pound copper and US$1,264 (2017 - 
US$1,257) per ounce gold, generating revenue of US$29.7 million (2017 – US$30.3 million).   

Costs 
  Cash production costs for the year were US$32.0 million (2017: US$25.4 million). Net cash direct costs 
per pound of copper net of by-product credits (‘C1*’) for the year were US$3.52 per saleable copper pound 
(2017  -  US$2.86).    Saleable  copper  in  the  period  was  9.1  million  pounds  (2017  –  8.7  million  pounds).  
Lower head grade, together with increased operating development costs from mining the post pillar cut 
and fill (‘PPCF’) areas in the LFZ contributed to the rise in C1 costs* compared to 2017. 

  Sustained throughput at 1,250 mtpd and improvements in grade towards an average of 1.5% Cu will have 
a positive effect on C1 costs* which are expected to decline towards US$2.00 and will decline further as 
production  moves  away  from  PPCF  mining  towards  less  expensive  bulk  mining  methods  (longitudinal 
stoping).  

  A summary of the Company’s net cash direct costs (C1) and fully allocated costs (C3) net of by-product 
credits  per  pound  of  saleable  copper  together  with  the  average  sales  price  of  copper  for  the  past  four 
quarters are shown below.  

C1 and C3 costs per pound of 
saleable copper

C1

C3

6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
1.00
0.00

8
1
0
2
1
Q

8
1
0
2
2
Q

8
1
0
2
3
Q

8
1
0
2
4
Q

Avg Cu
price per
pound

The Company has included non-GAAP performance  measures: net cash direct costs per 
pound of saleable copper net of by-product credits (C1 costs) and fully allocated costs (net 
of by-product credits)(C3 costs) per pound of saleable copper, throughout this document. 
C3  costs  include  interest  charges  which  are  shown  below  the  operating  profit  line  in  the 
income statement.  This is a common performance measure in the mining industry but does 
not have any standardized meaning. Refer to Alternative Performance Measures (page 18) 
for a reconciliation of these measures to reported production expenses. 

Page 7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

FINANCIAL RESULTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

Loss 

  The net loss before tax for the year was US$18.3 million (2017: US$5.4 million).  

  EBITDA* for the year was a loss of US$7.5 million (2017: earnings of US$2.8 million). 

Cash flow and cash resources 

  Cash outflow from operations for the year were US$2.3 million (2017: cash generated of US$1.3 million). 
The decrease in the cash generated relates to the operating loss and changes in working capital. The cash 
balance at December 31, 2018 was US$0.2 million (2017: 3.4 million).  

Financing and Investment 

  During the year, a repayment of US$1.8 million (2017: US$1.1 million) (project to date $20.4 million) was 
made on the Company’s Gold streaming from the delivery of 1,395 payable ounces (2017: 876) of gold 
(project to date 14,257 (2017: 12,862) ounces have been delivered). 

  Net debt* excluding the Gold streaming was US$11.4 million (2017: US$6.6 million). 

 

In March 2019 the Company closed a private placement funding of US$11 million by way of an issuance 
of 599,781,897 new ordinary shares in the capital of Rambler at a subscription price of US$0.018 (£0.014) 
per ordinary share. The proceeds of the subscription were for working capital purposes and to repay the 
US$1 million unsecured loan owing to CEIII. The loan was fully repaid in March 2019 including interest.  

  An Open Offer for shares was closed in April 2019 with 37,940,043 ordinary shares issued for proceeds of 

£524,860.58. 

Page 8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

FINANCIAL RESULTS FOR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (Continued) 

OPERATIONAL SUMMARY 

Ore and Concentrate Production Summary for Fiscal 2018 

PRODUCTION 

2018 

2017 

Dry Tonnes Milled 

        364,176  

339,631 

Copper Recovery (%) 

               96.3  

               95.6  

Gold Recovery (%) 

               70.7  

               60.7  

Copper Head Grade (%) 

               1.24  

               1.27  

Gold Head Grade (g/t) 

               0.57  

               0.58  

CONCENTRATE  

(Delivered to Warehouse) 

Copper (%) 

Gold (g/t) 

2018 

2017 

               28.1  

               27.7  

                 9.4  

                 8.0  

Dry Tonnes Produced 

          15,525  

          14,907  

Saleable Copper Metal (tonnes) 

            4,187  

            3,968  

Saleable Gold (ounces) 

            4,189  

            3,357  

•  For the fiscal year the Nugget Pond copper and gold milling facility achieved record throughput for ore processed. 

The facility processed 364,176 dmt at 1.24% copper and 0.58 g/t gold in 2018.  

•  Recovery of metal to concentrate was 96.3% and 70.7% for copper and gold respectively for the quarter (96.1% 
and 61.0% for the 2017 fiscal year). For the full year the operation produced 15,525 tonnes (2017: 14,907 tonnes) 
of concentrate containing saleable metal of 4,187 tonnes (2017: 3,968 tonnes) of copper and 4,189 ounces (2017: 
3,357 ounces) of gold.  

•  Rambler delivered on all of its safety targets during 2018. For the fiscal year there was one lost time incident and 

no fatalities.  

•  Mine  performance  has  shown  significance  improvements  from  2018  compared  to  2017.  Mostly  notably 

improvements include: 

o  Production drilling meters increased 20% (2018: 38,179 m, 2017: 31,857 m)  
o  Total material hauled increased 8% (2018: 1,508 mtpd, 2017: 1,399 mtpd)  
o  Production blasting increased 27% (2018: 141,660 dmt, 2017: 111,531 dmt)  
o  Mine ore produced increase 6% (2018: 364,363 dmt, 2017: 343,032 dmt)  

Page 9 

 
    
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
OUTLOOK 

Management continues to pursue the following objectives:  

  Further evaluate the potential of a Phase III operation with increase in mine production and mill throughput to 2,000 

mtpd, and beyond.  

  Continuing with the underground exploration program to allow for further exploration of the mineralized trends both 

up-dip and down-dip with the goal to increase near-mine mine resource and reserves. 

  Updating the resource model and mine plans to enable access to higher grade areas of the mine, sooner. 

  In late 2019 and/or early 2020 to continue with the surface exploration diamond drilling program aimed to double 

the current plunge length of the known massive sulphide and LFZ mineralization. 

Page 10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

FINANCIAL REVIEW 

Fiscal 

2018 
(US$000’s) 

Commentary 

Revenue  of  US$31.4  million  was  generated  through  the  sale  of  15,525  dmt  of  copper  concentrate 
containing  4,187  tonnes  of  accountable  copper  metal  and  4,189  ounces  of  accountable  gold.    This 
compared with revenue of US$28.3 million in 2017 which was generated through the sale of 14,907 dmt 
of  copper  concentrate  containing  3,968  tonnes  of  accountable  copper  metal  and  3,357  ounces  of 
accountable gold. Revenue also includes a decrease in fair value adjustments with regards to provisional 
invoices of US$1.7 million (2017: increase of 2.0 million) 

Production costs relate to the processing and mining costs associated with the Company’s Ming Mine 
and include processing costs of US$6.3 million (2017: US$5.6 million), mining costs of US$24.9 million 
(2017: US$20.8 million) and depreciation and amortisation of US$9.9 million (2017: US$7.8 million). The 
cost of production of pounds of copper increased during the year due to lower head grades compared to 
the previous year. 

General and administrative expenses were higher than the previous year by US$2.4 million mainly due 
to  increase  in  legal  and  professional  fees  by  US$  2.2  million  as  Highland  Group,  a  consulting  firm, 
conducted an efficiency program during the year. 
Foreign  exchange  gains/(losses)  arising  on  the  Gold  streaming  increased  in  the  year  as  a  result  of 
weakening of the Canadian dollar against the US dollar during the period. 

Income tax debit The income tax debit is the deferred tax debit due to full reversal deferred tax asset of 
Rambler  UK  as  it  is  not  expected  the  company  will make  profit to recover  losses. The  credit  for  2017 
includes an amount of US$1.2 million in respect of mining tax.  

29,718  

41,091  

5,823  

(1,503) 

(1,680)  

3,879  

Addition to Mineral property The Company incurred costs of US$3.9 million in the year which included 
labour  costs  of  US$1.9  million  and  underground  development  costs  of  US$2.9  million.  In  2017  the 
Company  incurred  costs  of  US$5.3  million  including  labour  of  US$2.6  million  and  underground 
development costs of US$2.7 million. 

3,189  

Capital spending on property, plant and equipment during the year included US$1.7 million (2017: 
US$6.1  million)  spent  on  underground  equipment  and  US$1.5  million  (2017:  US$2.7  million)  spent  on 
assets  under  construction  including  ventilation  upgrades  and  reclamation  and  closure  works  related 
directly to the Phase II expansion.      

Comparatives 

2017 
(US$000’s) 

B/ (W)*  

30,339  

(2)% 

34,242  

(20)% 

3,441  

(69)% 

940  

(260)% 

1,296  

(229)% 

5,278  

(27)% 

8,053  

(60)% 

Capital  spending  on  exploration  and  evaluation  in  the  year  relates  to  Little  Deer  US$  30K  (2017: 
US$41K)  and  Mine  Ming  US$18K  (2017:  979K),  the  spend  reduced  compared  to  prior  year  due  to 
increased focus on delineation drilling at the Ming Mine operation. 

48  

1,020  

(95)% 

*B / (W) = Better / (Worse) 

Page 11 

 
 
  
       
       
       
       
         
         
        
            
         
         
         
         
         
         
              
         
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

LIQUIDITY, CAPITAL RESOURCES AND FINANCIAL POSITION 

The Company continually reviews operational results, expenditures and additional financial opportunities in order to 
ensure adequate liquidity to support its growth strategy while maintaining or increasing production levels at the Ming 
Mine. The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis which assumes that the Group will be 
able to realise its assets and settle its obligations in the normal course of business. The financial statements do not 
reflect adjustments to the carrying values and classification of assets and liabilities that would be necessary should 
the Group be unable to continue as a going concern. Such adjustments might be material. 

The Group intends to fund its operations and growth from the operating cash flows of the Ming mine, and to the extent 
required,  through  the  accessing  of  equity  and  debt  markets  and  the  proceeds  from  the  exercise  of  warrants. 
Management believes that the Ming Mine will generate enough operating cash flows to support the day to day activities 
and future growth requirements of the business, but there is a risk that production not ramping up in line with forecasts 
or lower than forecast commodity prices will result in the need for additional financing. Refer to the “subsequent events” 
above for details of equity raising. 

Historically the Company has been successful in accessing equity and debt markets to finance the acquisition and 
development of the Ming Mine site, and management is currently finalising talks with a third party to obtain additional 
funding within the coming weeks. However, as this funding is not yet committed, it is not wholly within the Group’s 
control and this represents a material uncertainty which casts significant doubt upon the Group’s continued ability to 
operate as a going concern, such that it may be unable to realise its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal 
course of business. 

Cash flows utilized in investing activities amounted to US$6.6 million for the year (2017: US$10.4 million). Cash of 
US$3.9 million (2017: US$5.3 million) was spent on the Company’s Mineral Property, US$3.2 million (2017: US$4.1 
million) was spent on property, plant and equipment and US$0.05 million (2017: US$1.0 million) was spent on 
exploration at the Ming mine.   

Cash flows generated from financing activities during the year amounted to US$5.8 million (2017: US$10.2 million) and 
included  repayments  of  the  Gold  streaming  of  US$1.8  million  (2017:  US$1.1  million),  finance  lease  repayments  of 
US$2.1  million  (2017:  US$2.6  million)  and  advanced  purchase  facility  repayments  US$1.5  million  (2017:  US$1.1 
million)  offset  by  US$2.0  million  received  from  CE  III  Mining  Rambler  Limited,  US$0.6  million  from  government 
assistance, US$1.5 million from Sandstorm and funds received, net of expenses, on issue of share capital of US$7.3 
million (2017: 8.3 million). 

The  Company  is  required  to  hold  Letters  of  Credit  in  favour  of  the  Government  of  Newfoundland  and  Labrador  in 
respect of the reclamation  and closure liability  at the  existing Nugget  Pond Mill  and Ming mine.   At period  end the 
Company holds bearer deposit notes totalling US$3.2 million (FY2017: US$3.5 million).  

Sales of copper concentrate are in US dollars and the majority of the Company’s expenses are incurred in Canadian 
dollars. The Company’s principal exchange rate risk relates to movements between the Canadian and US dollar. The 
Gold streaming is repayable from future sales of gold mitigating the exchange risk. Management will closely monitor 
exchange fluctuation and consider the use of forward exchange contracts as required. 

Interest rates on the capital leases and short-term borrowings are fixed, eliminating interest rate risk.  

Financial Instruments 

The Company’s principal financial assets comprise: cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, equity investments, 
derivative  financial  instruments  and  trade  and  other  receivables.  The  Company’s  financial  liabilities  comprise  trade 
payables; other payables; and interest bearing loans and borrowings. 

All the Company’s financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost. 

Page 12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

LIQUIDITY, CAPITAL RESOURCES AND FINANCIAL POSITION (CONTINUED) 

Financial Instruments (continued) 

The Board of Directors determines, as required, the degree to which it is appropriate to use financial instruments and 
hedging  techniques  to  mitigate  risks.  The  main  risks  for  which  such  instruments  may  be  appropriate  are  foreign 
currency risk, liquidity risk, credit risk, interest rate risk and commodity price risk each of which is discussed in note 24 
of the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018.  

COMMITMENTS AND LOANS 

Gold streaming 

In March 2010, the Company entered into an agreement (“Gold streaming”) with Sandstorm to sell a portion of the life-
of-mine gold production from its Ming Mine.  Under the terms of the agreement Sandstorm made staged upfront cash 
payments to the Company totalling US$20 million in return for gold.   

For this, in each production year following the first year of production, until 175,000 ounces of payable gold has been 
produced, the Company  has agreed to sell to Sandstorm a percentage equal to 25% x (85%  divided by the actual 
percentage of metallurgical recovery of gold realised in the immediately preceding production year) provided that, if 
the payable gold production in any production year after the third production year is less than 15,000 ounces, then in 
each such production year, Sandstorm payable gold shall not be less than 25% of the payable gold.  In each production 
year following the first year of production, after 175,000 ounces of payable gold has been produced, the Company has 
agreed to sell a percentage equal to 12% x (85% divided by the actual percentage of metallurgical recovery of gold 
realised in the immediately preceding production year) provided that, if the payable gold production in any production 
year after the third production year is less than 15,000 ounces, then in each such production year, Sandstorm payable 
gold shall not be less than 12% of the payable gold for the remainder of the period ending 40 years after the date of 
the agreement.  After the expiry of the 40 year term, the agreement is renewable in 10  year terms at the option of 
Sandstorm. Rambler purchases the payable gold from the market and repayment is made in kind to Sandstorm. 

The Gold streaming is accounted for as a financial liability carried at fair value through profit and loss. The liability is 
based on management’s best estimate of the time of delivery of payable gold, the total amount of gold expected to be 
produced over the life of the mine, the timing of production, the Company’s view on forecast gold prices and the rate 
implicit in the loan at the date of inception. 

The movement in the fair value of the liability recognised in the income statement during the period was a credit of 
US$1.3 million (2017: US$0.6 million charge).  

The Gold streaming is secured by a fixed and floating charge over the assets of the Company. 

Government Assistance 

To date the Company has received US$1.2 million (2017: US$0.6 million) in interest free repayable contributions from 
a  Canadian  government  agency.  Contributions  to  a  total  of  US$1.6  million  are  available  in  support  of  the  Phase  II 
expansion project for the mine. The contributions are repayable over eight years from May 2019. 

The fair value of the contributions received calculated at a market interest rate of 10% have been classified as a 
financial liability with the difference between the fair value and the amount received credited against the cost of 
assets under construction. 

Page 13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

COMMITMENTS AND LOANS (CONTINUED) 

Advance Purchase Facility 

During 2017, the Company repaid the balance of an advanced purchase agreement originally signed in July 2015 with 
Transamine Trading S.A. (“Transamine”). Then in December 2017, the Company entered into a new advance purchase 
facility with Transamine.  

Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement, Transamine agreed to purchase in advance, at Rambler’s option, 
up to US$4 million of concentrate (the “Advance Purchase Payments”) to be used for working capital requirements 
along  with the development and construction of Rambler’s Lower Footwall Zone optimisation  plan (Phase II) at the 
Project. 

At  December  31,  2018  the  balance  was  US$3.8  million  (2017:  US$4.0  million).  The  loan  is  repayable  by  eighteen 
monthly instalments of US$222,222 plus interest at 6.75% per annum commencing June 28, 2018. 

Related party loan 

CE Mining III Rambler Limited 

In November 2018 the Company received a convertible loan of US$2 million from CE Mining III Rambler Limited with 
a maturity of one year. The loan is unsecured, convertible at the option of CE Mining III Rambler Limited on or before 
November 26, 2019 at a share price of C$0.05. It carries interest at 10.0% per annum. Expenses worth US$0.3 million 
were spent with regards to the loan, these expenses have been classified as deferred expenses and will be amortised 
during the loan term. At 31st December 2018 the balance was US$1.7 million including interest of US$0.02 million and 
deferred cost of US$0.3 million.   

CE Mining II Rambler Limited 

In  October  2017  the  company  received  a  loan  of  US$1  million  from  CE  Mining  II  Rambler  Limited.  The  loan  was 
unsecured and carried interest at 9.5% per annum. In June 2018 Company repaid U$1.0 million including interest.   

Finance lease balances 

At December 31, 2018 the Company had finance lease commitments of US$3.7 million (2017: US$4.6 million).  The 
Company entered into finance lease commitments of US$1.6 million (2017: US$2.2 million) to finance the acquisition 
of underground mobile equipment during the period. 

Subsequent events 

The group received a bridge loan from CE Mining III Rambler Limited (“CEIII”) of US$1 million subsequent to the year 
end. Refer to note 26 for further details. 

Page 14 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

OFF BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS 

The Company has no off balance sheet arrangements. 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

Identity of related parties 
The Group has a related party relationship with its subsidiaries and with its directors and executive officers. 

Transactions with key management personnel 
The directors’ compensations were as follows: 

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

              255  

              242  

                 21  

                 19  

                 21  

                 19  

                 86  

                 19  

                 21  

                 19  

                 17  

                 15  

                 21  

                 19  

              442  

              352  

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

No. 

‘000 

No. 

‘000 

           7,800  

           4,575  

           7,800  

           4,575  

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

$’000 

$’000 

              585  

               508  

                27  

                 26  

              116  

                 58  

              728  

              592  

Salary – executive 
N Williams* 

Fees – non-executive 

B A Mills 

B Labatte 

M V Sander 

T I Ackerman 

G Poulter 

E C Chen 

Share options held by directors were as follows: 

N Williams 

Total key management personnel compensations were as follows: 

Short-term employee benefits 

Social security costs 

Share-based payments 

*Norman Williams resigned as a director from 31st March 2019. 

Page 15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (Continued)

Subsidiaries 
The company has interests in the following material subsidiary undertakings, which are included in the consolidated 
financial statements. 

Name 

Class 

Holding 

Activity 

Country of 
Incorporation  

Registered address 

Rambler Mines Limited 

Ordinary 

100% 

Holding company 

England 

Rambler Metals and 
Mining Canada Limited 

Common 

100% 
(indirectly) 

Exploration, 
development and 
mining 

Canada 

1948565 Ontario  Inc. 

Common 

100% 

Exploration 

Canada 

3 Sheen Road 
Richmond Upon 
Thames, Surrey 
TW9 1AD  

PO Box 610 
Baie Verte, NL A0K 
1B0 
PO Box 610 
Baie Verte, NL A0K 
1B0 

Ultimate and controlling party 

CE Mining II Rambler had shareholding of 60% as of 31st December 2018. The Group also has a number of related 
party loans, details of which are disclosed on page 14.

Page 16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

LOCATION MAP 

Page 17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES 

The Company has included Alternative Performance Measures throughout this document. These include: net direct 
cash cost (C1) per pound of saleable copper, fully allocated costs (C3) per pound of saleable copper, earnings before 
interest, taxes, depreciation, amortisation (‘EBITDA’) and net debt. 

C1 and C3 costs per pound of saleable copper are common performance measures in the mining industry but do not 
have any standardized meaning. The  guidance provided  by  the World Gold  Council for calculating all-in costs was 
followed; however, the Company adjusts for non-cash items and includes financing fees within the total cash costs. 
Total  cash  operating  costs  include  mine  site  operating  costs  (mining,  processing  and  refining,  in-mine  drilling 
expenditures,  administration,  and  production  taxes),  but  are  exclusive  of  other  costs  (non-cash  inventory  valuation 
adjustments,  reclamation,  capital,  long-term  development  and  exploration).  These  measures,  along  with  sales,  are 
considered to be key indicators of the Company’s ability to generate operating earnings and free cash flows from its 
mining  operations.  The  Company  believes  that  certain  investors  use  this  information  to  evaluate  the  Company’s 
performance  and  ability  to  generate  cash  flows.  These  should  not  be  considered  in  isolation  as  a  substitute  for 
measures of performance prepared in accordance  with IFRS and are not necessarily  indicative of production costs 
presented under IFRS. The following tables provide reconciliation of said costs to the Company’s financial statements 
for the year ended December 31, 2017: 

Cash Operating Cost  

All amounts in 000s of US Dollars except pounds of saleable copper 

Production Costs per Financial Statements 

Cash Production Costs 

  On-site general administration costs 

  By-product credits 

Net direct cash costs (C1) 

Pounds of saleable copper 

C1 cost per pound of saleable copper  

C3 per Pound of Saleable Copper 

All amounts in 000s of US Dollars except pounds of saleable copper 

Net direct cash costs (see above) 

Depreciation and amortisation 

Corporate Cash Expense 

Cash Interest Expense 

Fully allocated costs (C3 cost) 

Pounds of saleable copper 

C3 cost per pound of saleable copper  

Year to Dec 

31, 2018 

Year to Dec 

31, 2017 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

        31,204  

        31,204  

          4,564  

         (3,730) 

        32,038  

          9,091  

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

        26,444  

        26,444  

          2,173  

         (3,224) 

        25,393  

          8,876  

             3.52  

$ 

             2.86  

Year to Dec 

31, 2018 

Year to Dec 

31, 2017 

$ 

        32,038  

$ 

          9,921  

              878  

              653  

        43,490  

$ 

          9,091  

        25,393  

          7,824  

          1,061  

              463  

        34,741  

          8,876  

             4.78  

$ 

             3.91  

$ 

$ 

Page 18 

  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES (continued) 

EBITDA  is  a  widely  used  metric  of  corporate  profitability.  EBITDA  is  a  measure  of  a  company's  overall  financial 
performance and is used as an alternative to simple earnings or net income in some circumstances. EBITDA is used 
to  analyze  and  compare  profitability  among  companies  and  industries,  as  it  eliminates  the  effects  of  financing  and 
capital expenditures. 

Earnings before interest, tax and depreciation  

All amounts in 000s of US Dollars 

Profit/(loss) after tax per Financial statements 

  Taxation 

  Net interest 

  Depreciation and amortisation 

EBITDA 

$ 

$ 

Year to Dec 

Year to Dec 

31, 2018 

31, 2017 

      (20,046) 

$ 

         (4,148) 

         1,680 

            895 

         (1,296) 

379 

          9,921  

          7,824  

         (7,550) 

$ 

          2,759  

Net debt is a liquidity metric used to determine how well a company can pay all its debts if they were due immediately. 
Net debt shows much debt a company has on its balance sheet compared to its liquid assets. Net debt shows how 
much cash would remain if all debts were paid off and if a company has enough liquidity to meet its debt obligations. 

Cash 

Finance leases 

Related party loan 

Government assistance 

Sandstorm loan 

Advance purchase facility 

Net debt 

2018 

US$’000 

2017 

US$’000 

241  

3,351  

(3,707) 

(1,733) 

(796) 

(1,505) 

(3,864) 

(11,364) 

(4,570) 

(1,002) 

(390) 

- 

(3,996) 

(6,607) 

Page 19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
                          
                      
                     
                     
                     
                     
                        
                        
                        
                        
                     
                     
                     
                     
  
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

OTHER MATTERS 
Outstanding Share & Option Data 

As at the date of this STRATEGIC REPORT the following securities are outstanding: 

Security 

Shares issued or 
Issuable 

Common Shares 

659,139,702 

Warrants 

Options 

- 

20,677,000* 

*if all options have fully vested 

Weighted Average Exercise Price 

--  

-- 

US$0.06 

For further assistance Mr. Tim Sanford, Corporate Secretary can be reached directly at +1-709- 532-5736 or 
tsanford@ramblermines.com.   

Forward Looking Information  
This  STRATEGIC  REPORT  contains  "forward-looking  information"  ("FLI")  which  may  include,  but  is  not  limited  to, 
statements with respect to the  Company’s objectives and strategy, future financial or operating performance of the 
Company and its projects, exploration expenditures, costs and timing of the development of new deposits, costs and 
timing  of  future  exploration,  requirements  for  additional  capital,  government  regulation  of  mining  exploration  and 
development, environmental risks, title disputes or claims and limitations of insurance coverage. All statements, other 
than statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements. Often, but not always, statements containing FLI can 
be  identified  by  the  use  of  words  such  as  "plans",  "expects",  "is  expected",  "budget",  "scheduled",  "estimates", 
"forecasts",  "intends",  "anticipates",  or  "believes"  or  variations  (including  negative  variations)  of  such  words  and 
phrases, or state  that certain actions, events or results "may",  "could",  "would",  "might" or "will"  be taken, occur be 
achieved or continue to be achieved. Forward-looking statements are based on opinions, estimates and assumptions 
of  management  considered  reasonably  at  the  date  the  statements  are  made.    Key  assumptions  include  without 
limitation, the price of and anticipated costs of recovery of, copper concentrate, gold and silver, the presence of and 
continuity of such minerals at modeled grades and values, the capacities of various machinery and equipment, the 
availability of personnel, machinery and equipment at estimated prices, mineral recovery rates, and others. Investors 
are  cautioned  however  that  forward-looking  statements  necessarily  involve  both  known  and  unknown  risks, 
uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to 
be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the FLI. Such 
factors include, among others, general business, economic, competitive, political and social uncertainties; the actual 
results of current exploration activities; conclusions of economic evaluations; availability and cost of credit; fluctuations 
in Canadian dollar interest rates; fluctuations in the relative value of United States dollars, Canadian dollars and British 
Pounds; changes in planned parameters as plans continue to be refined; fluctuations in the market and forward prices 
of  copper,  gold,  silver  or  certain  other  commodities;  possible  variations  of  ore  grade  or  recovery  rates;  failure  of 
equipment; accidents and other risks of the mining exploration industry; political instability, insurrection or war; delays 
in obtaining governmental approvals or financing or in the completion of development or construction activities, as well 
as those factors discussed in the section entitled "Risks and Uncertainties" in the Report of Directors for the year ended 
December 31, 2018. Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual actions, 
events or results to differ materially from those described in the FLI contained in this STRATEGIC REPORT, there may 
be other factors that cause actions, events or results to differ from those anticipated, estimated or intended.  

Page 20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

OTHER MATTERS (continued) 

Forward Looking Information(continued) 
Unless stated otherwise, statements containing FLI herein are made as of the date of this STRATEGIC REPORT and 
the Company disclaims any intention or obligation and assumes no responsibility to update or revise any FLI contained 
herein, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by applicable law. 

Other  than  as  required  by  applicable  securities  law,  the  Company  disclaims  any  obligation  to  update  any  forward-
looking statements,  whether as a result  of new information, future  events  or results or  otherwise. There can  be  no 
assurance that forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ 
materially from those anticipated in such statements. All of the forward-looking statements made in this STRATEGIC 
REPORT  are  qualified  by  these  cautionary  statements.  Accordingly,  readers  should  not  place  undue  reliance  on 
forward-looking statements. The following table outlines certain significant forward-looking statements contained in this 
STRATEGIC REPORT and provides the material assumptions used to develop such forward-looking statements and 
material risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward looking statements. 

FLI statements 

Continued positive cash flow 

Continued  mining  and  milling  the  exposed 
massive  sulphide  and  LFZ  workplaces  with  
further exploration up-dip and down-dip 

Increase production from the Ming Mine to allow 
the  optimization  of  the  Nugget  Pond  copper 
concentrator at 1,250 mtpd and potentially allow 
the gold hydromet to be operated independently 
copper 
and/or 
concentrator 

simultaneously  with 

the 

Assumptions 

Risk Factors 

Actual  expenditures from  operations  will 
not exceed revenues 

Achieving 
the  planned  capital  and 
operating  development  and  production 
targets;  and,  timely  completion  of  drill 
to  allow  commencement  of 
bays 
exploration drilling 

Successful  completion  of  a  detailed 
engineering 
existing 
review 
infrastructure  and  availability  of  finance 
from cash flow from operations  

of 

Expenditures exceeding revenues 
resulting  from  fluctuations  in  the 
market  and 
forward  prices  of 
copper, gold, silver or certain other 
commodities, or increased costs of 
production 
or 
production, 
stoppages or grade shortfalls 

Development  delays 
access to production ore 

reducing 

Economic viability 

Further information 
Additional information relating to the Company is on London Stock Exchange at www.londonstockexchange.com and 
on the Company’s web site at www.ramblermines.com.  

Page 21 

 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 
REVIEW OF THE BUSINESS AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS 

A review of the Company’s business and future developments is set out in the Strategic Report including key 
performance indicators. 

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES 

An investment in Rambler should be considered speculative due to the nature of its operations and certain other factors.  
The risk factors which should be taken into account in assessing Rambler’s activities and an investment in securities 
of Rambler include, but are not limited to, those set out below.  Should any one or more of these risks occur, it could 
have a material adverse effect on the value of securities of Rambler and the  business, prospects, assets, financial 
position or operating results of Rambler, any one of which may have a significant adverse effect on the price or value 
of any securities of Rambler. 

The risks noted below do not necessarily comprise all those faced by Rambler and are not intended to be presented 
in any assumed order of likelihood or magnitude of consequences. 

Mining risks 
Mining  operations  are  inherently  risky.  These  operations  are  subject  to  all  hazards  and  risks  encountered  in  the 
exploration, development and production of mineralization in an underground setting. These include but are not limited 
to  formation  pressures,  seismic  activity,  rock  bursts,  fires,  power  outages,  cave-ins,  flooding,  explosions  and  other 
conditions involved in the drilling and removal of material. Any of these events could result in serious damage to the 
mine and other infrastructure, damage to life or property, environmental damage and possible legal liability. 

The Company has all necessary permits in place to continue with the current operation.  As expansion plans progress, 
the  Company  will  be  required  to  submit  revised  Development  Plans  for  approval  by  the  ministry.  There  can  be  no 
guarantee that these revised plans will be agreed to or approved in a timely manner. 

The Company’s  profitability  will depend,  in part, on the economic returns and actual costs of developing  its mining 
projects, which may differ from the estimates made by the Company.

Copper and Gold Price Volatility 
The Company’s revenues will continue to be derived from the extraction and sale of copper concentrate containing 
gold and silver by-products. The prices of copper, gold and silver have fluctuated widely, particularly in recent years, 
and are affected by numerous factors beyond the Company’s control including international, economic and political 
trends,  expectations  of  inflation,  currency  exchange  fluctuations,  interest  rates,  global  or  regional  consumption 
patterns,  speculative  activities  and  increased  global  production  due  to  new  extraction  developments  and  improved 
extraction and production methods.  

In  recent  years  the  price  of  copper  has  been  affected  by  changes  in  the  worldwide  balance  of  copper  supply  and 
demand,  largely  resulting  from  economic  growth  and  political  conditions  in  China  and  other  major  developing 
economies.  While this demand has resulted in higher prices for copper in past years, the current economic slowdown 
in China has placed downward pressure on the demand for copper.  The effect of these factors on the price of copper 
and  gold  cannot  be  accurately  predicted.    Current  predictions  for  the  price  of  copper  have  improved  since  the  last 
financial reporting period end and the Company has not made any further provision for impairment during the period.  

Copper Cash Official LME (US$/lb) - Price)

 $4.50

 $3.50

 $2.50

 $1.50

Page 22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 (CONTINUED) 

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (CONTINUED) 

Foreign currency risk 
The  Company  has  a  small  amount  of  cash  resources  and  certain  liabilities  including  the  Gold  streaming  and  the 
advance purchase facility denominated in US dollars.  All other assets and liabilities are denominated in Canadian 
dollars  and  GB  pounds.    Revenue  is  generated  in  US  dollars  while  the  majority  of  the  expenditure  is  incurred  in 
Canadian dollars and, to a lesser extent, GB pounds.  The Company has a downside exposure to any strengthening 
of the Canadian Dollar or GB pound as this would increase expenses in US dollar terms.  This risk is mitigated by 
reviewing the holding of cash balances in Canadian Dollars and GB pounds.  Any weakening of the Canadian Dollar 
or GB pound would however result in the reduction of the expenses in US dollar terms.  In addition movements in the 
Canadian dollar and GB pound/US Dollar exchange rates would affect the Consolidated Balance Sheet.  

Additional Requirement for Capital 
As mentioned above, management is evaluating further increases in production through re-establishing the shaft for 
hoisting and the integration of ore pre-concentration.  With further engineering and assessment, management will work 
to finalize internal modelling and economics for this Phase III expansion. Should any additional equity financing be 
required  this  may  be  further  dilutive  to  shareholders  and  debt  financing,  if  available,  may  involve  restrictions  on 
financing and operating activities.  There is no assurance that additional financing will be available on terms acceptable 
to the Company. Please refer to page 12 for further information on the liquidity of the Company. 

Uncertainty in the estimation of mineral resources and mineral reserves 
The estimation of mineral reserves, mineral resources and related grades has a degree of uncertainty.  Until such a 
time as the mineral reserves and mineral resources are actually mined and processed, the quantity of grades must be 
considered as estimates only.  The mineral reserve estimates of the Company have been determined or reviewed by 
an  independent  consultant  and  is  based  on  assumed  metal  prices,  cut-off  grades  and  costs  that  may  prove  to  be 
inaccurate.  Any material change in these variables, along with differences in actual metal recoveries when compared 
to laboratory test results, may affect the economic outcome of current and future projects. 

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD: 

A A Booyzen 
President and CEO 
Director 

June 4, 2019 

Page 23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 

The  Board  of  Rambler  Metals  and  Mining  Plc  (the  “Company”)  is  committed  to  the  principles  of  good  corporate 
governance and recognises the importance of improving the opportunity and potential for the success of the Company 
and increasing shareholder value over the medium to long-term. 

We believe strongly in the value and importance of robust corporate governance and in our accountability to all the 
Company’s stakeholders, including shareholders, employees, customers, contractors, suppliers and the communities 
in which the Company operates. 

Rambler currently complies with the principles of the Quoted Companies Alliance Corporate Governance Code (the 
“QCA  Code”)  to  the  extent  that  the  Directors  consider  it  appropriate,  having  regard  to  the  Company’s  size,  board 
structure, nature of operations and available resources. 

The QCA Code identifies ten principles to be followed for companies to deliver growth in long term shareholder value, 
encompassing an efficient, effective and dynamic management framework accompanied by good communication to 
promote confidence and trust.  The sections below set out the ways in which the Company applies the ten principles 
of  the  QCA  Code  in  support  of  the  Company’s  medium  to  long-term  success,  together  with  any  areas  of  non-
compliance.  

ESTABLISH A STRATEGY AND BUSINESS MODEL WHICH PROMOTE LONG-TERM VALUE FOR SHAREHOLDERS  
The strategy and business operations of the Company are set out in the Strategic Report of the Company’s Annual 
Report. 

The Company’s strategy and business model and amendments thereto, are developed by the Chief Executive Officer 
and  his  senior  management  team  and  approved  by  the  Board.    The  senior  management  team,  led  by  the  Chief 
Executive Officer, is responsible for implementing the strategy and managing the business at an operational level.  
More specifically, and in order to deliver the optimal medium- and long-term value for its shareholders, the Board has 
adopted  a  three-fold  strategy  of  operational  reliability,  increased  production  and  cost  management,  resulting  in  an 
optimal and financially viable company. 

The  Board  recognizes  that  through  execution  of  this  strategy,  there  will  be  opportunities  to  convert  resources  into 
reserves and thereby extend the mine life beyond the current life-of-mine plan. 

The Company’s ability to execute its strategy is highly dependent on the skills and abilities of its people. We undertake 
ongoing  initiatives  to  foster  effective  and  good  staff  engagement  and  ensure  that  remuneration  packages  are 
competitive in the market in which the company operates. 

The Board manages the risk via the Safety and Health Committee and the Technical Committee. 

SEEK TO UNDERSTAND AND MEET SHAREHOLDER NEEDS AND EXPECTATIONS   

The Board is committed to maintaining a regular dialogue with both existing and potential new shareholders in order to 
communicate the Company’s strategy and progress and to understand the needs and expectations of shareholders.  
The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer are principally responsible for shareholder liaison and have 
regular dialogue with institutional investors in order to develop an understanding of their views.   

The Company’s investor relations activities encompass dialogue with both institutional and private investors. This could 
include meetings with analysts, investors and institutional shareholders of the Company. 

The  Company  also  endeavours  to  maintain  a  dialogue  and  keep  shareholders  informed  through  its  public 
announcements  and  its  corporate  website,  www.ramblermines.com  where  the  Annual  Report  as  well  as  investor 
presentations and interim accounts are available. The Annual General Meeting of the Company, attended by a quorum 
of  Directors,  also  gives  the  Directors  the  opportunity  to  report  to  shareholders  on  current  and  proposed  operations 
which are  in the public domain and enables them to express their  views  of the  Company's business activities. The 
Board  attaches  importance  to  maintaining  good  relationships  with  all  its  shareholders  and  ensures  that  all  price 
sensitive information is released to all at the same time in accordance with the AIM Rules. 

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RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

SEEK TO UNDERSTAND AND MEET SHAREHOLDER NEEDS AND EXPECTATIONS (CONTINUED) 

The Company has not historically announced the detailed results of shareholder voting to the market. However, the 
Board may consider doing so going forward.  

The  Company  also  maintains  dialogue  with  interested  equity  research  analysts  and  whilst  the  Company  has  not 
historically hosted dedicated analyst meetings in respect of its annual and interim financial results, the Chief Executive 
Officer and Chief Financial Officer may also consider doing so in future. 

TAKE  INTO  ACCOUNT  WIDER  STAKEHOLDER  AND  SOCIAL  RESPONSIBILITIES  AND  THEIR  IMPLICATIONS  FOR 
LONG-TERM SUCCESS 

The Board recognises that the success of the Company is reliant on the stakeholders of the business and, to this effect, 
the Company engages with these stakeholder groups on a regular basis. The Board recognises its responsibility under 
UK and Canadian corporate law to promote the success of the Company for the benefit of its members. The Board 
also  understands  that  it  has  a  responsibility  towards  employees,  partners,  suppliers,  contractors  and  the  local 
communities in  which it operates and  has in place a  range of processes and systems to ensure that there is close 
oversight and contact with its key resources and relationships. 

The  Company  has  close  ongoing  relationships  with  a  broad  range  of  its  stakeholders  and  provides  them  with  the 
opportunity to raise issues and provide feedback to the Company. This feedback can be provided either during formal 
feedback sessions or using the ’contact us’ page of our website (www.ramblermines.com/contact.php).     

Stakeholder 

 Shareholders  

Customers  

of 

Reason for 
Engagement 
Shareholders  are  the 
the 
owners 
the 
Company  and 
board’s 
primary 
mission  is to  increase 
shareholder value  
Our  customers  are 
for 
essential 
generation 
of 
revenues  

Suppliers and partners   The 

Company 

Staff and Employees  

engages  
with external suppliers 

Recruiting 
and 
retaining highly skilled 
motivated 
and 
professions  is  one  of 
the  key  drivers  of  our 
success  

How we engage 

As described in section “Seek to understand and meet 
shareholder needs and expectations”. 

Senior  executives  maintain  regular  dialogue  with  the 
company  that  buys  the  Company’s  concentrates  to 
ensure a good relationship that encourages pro-active 
issue resolution. 

We  work  to  ensure  that  relevant  members  of  staff 
engage  in  a  respectful  and  professional  manner  with 
suppliers. We operate systems to ensure that supplier 
invoices  are  processed  and  paid  within  agreed 
timeframes. 
In  addition 
regular  communication  between 
Directors and employees, site management conducts 
regular  staff  meetings  to  promote  effective  two  -way 
communication with agreement on goals, targets and 
aspirations of the employees and the Company.   

to 

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RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

EMBED EFFECTIVE RISK MANAGEMENT, CONSIDERING BOTH OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS  

The Board has overall responsibility for ensuring risk is appropriately managed across the business. The Board sets 
clear strategic objectives for the business. The risks to the achievement of those objectives are identified by corporate 
and divisional management and a few examples are shown below. The audit committee provides further independent 
review and robust challenge. 

The Board is satisfied with the effectiveness of the system of internal controls but, by their very nature, these procedures 
can provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance against material misstatement or loss.  Identified risks are evaluated, 
both before and after controls and mitigating actions have been applied, as to their likelihood of occurring and potential 
financial and reputational impact. Risks are treated in accordance with risk appetite, which has been defined by the 
Board across a range of risk categories. 

Risk Example 1: Credit risk 

The Group generally holds the majority of its cash resources in Canadian dollars given that the majority of the Group’s 
outgoings  are  denominated  in  this  currency.    Given  the  current  climate,  the  Group  has  taken  a  very  risk  averse 
approach to management of cash resources and management and Directors monitor events and associated risks on 
a continuous basis. There is little perceived credit risk in respect of trade and other receivables. The Group maximum 
exposure to credit risk at December 31, 2018 was represented by receivables and cash resources. 

Risk Example 2: Foreign currency risk 

The  Company  has  a  small  amount  of  cash  resources  and  certain  liabilities  including  the  Gold  streaming  and  the 
advance  purchase  facility  denominated  in  US  dollars.  All  other  assets  and  liabilities  are  denominated  in  Canadian 
dollars  and  GB  pounds.  Revenue  is  generated  in  US  dollars  while  the  majority  of  the  expenditure  is  incurred  in 
Canadian dollars and, to a lesser extent, GB pounds. The Company has a downside exposure to any strengthening of 
the Canadian Dollar or GB pound as this would increase expenses in US dollar terms. This risk is mitigated by reviewing 
the holding of cash balances in Canadian Dollars and GB pounds.  Any weakening of the Canadian Dollar or GB pound 
would however result in the reduction of the expenses in US dollar terms.  In addition, movements in the Canadian 
dollar and GB pound/US Dollar exchange rates would affect the Consolidated Balance Sheet. 

The  Audit  Committee  meets  not  less  than  twice  a  year  and  considers  the  Company's  financial  reporting  (including 
accounting policies) and internal financial controls. The committee receives reports from management and from the 
Company's auditors. The Company has in place a series of procedures and controls designed to identify and prevent 
the risk of loss. These procedures are formally documented and are reported on. The Audit Committee has reviewed 
the systems in place and considers these to be appropriate. The success of the Company depends on its ability to 
mitigate and understand the risks facing the business and take appropriate action in a timely manner. The Board meets 
at least quarterly to evaluate the Company’s risk appetite. 

Risk Example 3: Cost Control 

A  comprehensive  budgeting  process  is  completed  once  a  year  and  is  reviewed  and  approved  by  the  Board.  The 
Company’s actual performance, compared to the budget, are reported to the Board on a monthly basis.  
The Company maintains appropriate insurance cover in respect of actions taken against the Directors because of their 
roles,  as  well  as  against  material  loss  or  claims  against  the  Company.  The  insured  values  and  type  of  cover  are 
comprehensively reviewed on a periodic basis. 

The  CEO  and  CFO  conduct  meetings  with  their  team  at  least  once  a  week  to  discuss  their  business  area  and  to 
consider new risks and opportunities presented to the Company, making recommendations to the Board and/or Audit 
Committee as appropriate. The management discussions and analysis are presented in a director’s report presented 
twice a year and is available on the website. 

A summary of the principal risks and uncertainties facing the Company, as well as mitigating actions, are available in 
the Company’s  Annual Reports which are available on the company website at: 
http://www.ramblermines.com/financial-statements.php 

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RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

MAINTAIN THE BOARD AS A WELL-FUNCTIONING, BALANCED TEAM LED BY THE CHAIR  
Rambler’s Board currently consists of six non-executive directors and one executive director. It is the Board's policy to 
maintain independence by having at least half of the Board comprising non-executive directors who are free from any 
business or other relationship with the Company. The structure of the Board ensures that no one individual or group 
dominates the decision-making process. 

All the directors are subject to election by shareholders at the first Annual General Meeting after their appointment to 
the Board and then subject to re-election at annual intervals. 

Details  of  the  directors  including  brief  biographies  are  set  out  at  http://www.ramblermines.com/directors-and-
officers.php 

The Board is responsible to the Company’s shareholders for the proper management of the Company and formally 
meets at least on a quarterly basis. 

The Compensation, Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee meets at least once a year and is responsible 
for  making  decisions  on  directors'  remuneration  packages.   Remuneration  of  executive  directors  is  established  by 
reference to the remuneration of executives of equivalent status both in terms of level of responsibility of the position 
and by reference to their job qualifications and skills. The Compensation Committee will also have regard to the terms 
which may be required to attract an executive of equivalent experience to join the Board from another company. Such 
packages include performance related bonuses and the grant of share options. 

Other  committees  such  as  the  Safety,  Health  and  Environment  Committee  and  the Technical  Committee  provide 
technical oversight directly to operations and key management personnel. 

The  Board  considers  it  collectively  has  an  appropriate  balance  of  skills  and  experience,  as  well  as  an  appropriate 
balance of personal qualities and capabilities.  Further, the Board believes it has a good balance between executive 
and non-executive Directors and considers all six non-executive directors as being independent, thus considers that 
the balance is appropriate for a company of its size. 

At this stage the CFO is not a member of the Board of Directors. However, given the size and culture of the company, 
the CFO is invited to attend and participate in every  board meeting to provide expertise and report on the financial 
health of the company. 

Board members are all expected to fully engage in board meetings and activities they have committed to. All board 
members are part of, and actively participate in at least one board sub-committee. Board members are also expected 
to review weekly and monthly operations reports, as well as half yearly and annual reports.  

ENSURE THAT BETWEEN THEM THE DIRECTORS HAVE THE NECESSARY UP-TO-DATE SKILLS  
The Board considers that all the directors are of sufficient competence and calibre to add strength and objectivity to its 
activities and bring considerable experience in the financial and operational development of the Company.    
Details  of  the  directors  including  brief  biographies  are  set  out  at  http://www.ramblermines.com/directors-and-
officers.php 

The Board also has the relevant professional and technical skills to ensure they can fulfil their duties.  
The Board believes that the current skills of the directors reflect a broad range of both commercial and professional 
skills  across  the  relevant  industries  and  territories  in  which  the  Company  operates,  plus  the  Board  has  sufficient 
experience of operating in public markets. 

The Board shall review annually the appropriateness and opportunity for continuing professional development whether 
formal or informal.  

The Company is committed to a culture of equal opportunities for all employees regardless of gender. The Board will 
be diverse in terms of its range of culture, nationality and international experience.  Six Directors are currently male 
and there is one female on the Board. The Board will seek opportunities in future to increase the diversity of the Board.  

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RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

EVALUATE  BOARD  PERFORMANCE  BASED  ON  CLEAR  AND  RELEVANT  OBJECTIVES,  SEEKING  CONTINUOUS 
IMPROVEMENT   
The members of the Board are evaluated each year by way of peer appraisal. The appraisal seeks to determine the 
effectiveness and performance of each member with regards to their specific roles as well as their role as a Board 
member in general. 

The appraisal system seeks to identify areas of concern and make recommendations for any training or development 
to enable the Board member to meet their objectives which will be set for the following year. The appraisal process will 
also review the progress made against prior year targets to ensure any identified skill gaps are addressed.  Details of 
the reviews, the findings and agreed actions may be made available in future Annual Reports, at the discretion of the 
Board. 

Whilst the Board considers this evaluation process is currently best carried out internally, the Board will keep this under 
review and may consider independent external evaluation reviews in due course as the Company grows. 

As well as the appraisal process, the Board monitors the non-executive directors’ status as independent to ensure a 
suitable balance of independent non-executive and executive directors remains in place. 

The Board may utilise the results of the evaluation process when considering the adequacy of the composition of the 
Board and for succession planning. Succession planning is formally considered by the Board on an annual basis, in 
conjunction with the appraisal process. Due to the importance of succession planning, the Board will also consider this 
on an ad hoc basis as required.   

PROMOTE A CORPORATE CULTURE THAT IS BASED ON ETHICAL VALUES AND BEHAVIOURS  
The board believes that the promotion of a corporate culture based on sound ethical values and behaviours is essential 
to maximise shareholder value. Our core values serve as a common language that allows all members of staff to work 
together as an effective team and it is these values and our shared long-term business vision and strategy that we 
believe will drive growth in shareholder value over the long term.   

The Board seeks to maintain the highest standards of integrity and probity in the conduct of the Company’s operations 
because  the  Board  recognises  that  the  culture  of  any  business  is  set  by  the  actions  and  conduct  of  its  Board  of 
Directors. These values are enshrined in the written policies and working practices adopted by all employees in the 
Company. 

The Board takes the time to consider the wider ramifications to its stakeholders when making strategic and corporate 
decisions, whilst at the same time delivering the long-term objectives of stakeholders. 

Having open communications with stakeholders allows them to give constructive feedback to the Board and enables 
the Board to monitor the reactions of those stakeholders to decisions made. 

The Company operates in international markets and is mindful that respect of individual cultures is critical to corporate 
success. Accordingly, the Board endeavours to promote sound ethical values and behaviours and treats its customers, 
suppliers and business partners with such respect at all times. 

The  Board  has  implemented  a  code  for  Directors'  and  employees'  dealings  in  securities  which  it  considers  to  be 
appropriate for a company whose securities are traded on AIM and is in accordance with the requirements of the Market 
Abuse Regulation. 

The Company is committed to providing a safe environment for its staff and all other parties for which the Company 
has a legal and moral responsibility. The Company operates a Health and Safety Committee which meets regularly to 
monitor, review and make decisions concerning health and safety matters. The Company’s health and safety policies 
and procedures are enshrined in the Company’s documented quality systems, which encompass all aspects of the 
Company’s day-to-day operations. 

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RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

MAINTAIN GOVERNANCE STRUCTURES AND PROCESSES THAT ARE FIT FOR PURPOSE AND SUPPORT  
The Board recognises that the responsibility for ensuring the Company operates in the correct manner is ultimately 
theirs  and  as  such  the  Board  has  implemented  various  sub-committees  which  helps  implement  the  strategy  of  the 
Board.  The  executive  director  and  CFO  have  day-to-day  responsibility  for  the  operational  management  of  the 
Company’s activities.  The non-executive directors are responsible for bringing independent and objective judgement 
to Board decisions. 

There is a clear separation of the roles of the Chief Executive Officer and the non-executive Chairman,  who is Mr. 
Bradford Mills.  The Chairman is responsible for overseeing the effectiveness of the Board, ensuring that no individual 
or  group  dominates  the  Board’s  decision-making  and  ensuring  the  non-executive  directors  are  properly  briefed  on 
matters.    The  Chairman  has  overall  responsibility  for  corporate  governance  matters  in  the  Company.    The  Chief 
Executive  Officer  is  responsible  for  implementing  the  strategy  of  the  Board  and  managing  the  day-to-day  business 
activities of the Company. 

The Board has established audit, compensation, safety and technical committees with formally delegated duties and 
responsibilities, as set out below.  

AUDIT COMMITTEE  
The Audit Committee has responsibility for ensuring that the financial performance of the Company is properly reported 
on and reviewed, and its role includes monitoring the integrity of the financial statements of the Company (including 
annual and interim accounts and results announcements), reviewing internal control and risk management systems 
and ensuring that an effective system of internal controls is maintained, reviewing any changes to accounting policies, 
reviewing  and  monitoring  the  extent  of  the  non-audit  services  undertaken  by  external  auditors  and  advising  on  the 
appointment of external auditors. The Audit Committee have unrestricted access to the Company’s external auditors.  
The Audit Committee meets at least twice per annum. 

The  Audit  Committee  comprises  three  non-executive  directors,  with  Eason  Chen  being  the  elected  Chairman.  The 
other members are Bradford Mills (Chairman) and Glenn Poulter. 

COMPENSATION, CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND NOMINATING COMMITTEE  
The Compensation Committee, which meets as required but at least twice per year, has the following responsibilities 
with respect to compensation matters: 

recruitment, development and retention of senior management;  

• 
•  appointment, performance evaluation and compensation of senior management; 
•  succession planning systems and processes relating to senior management; 
•  compensation structure for the Board of Directors and senior management including salaries, annual 
and  long-term  incentive  plans  and  plans  involving  share  options,  share  issuances  and  share  unit 
awards;  

•  pension and benefit plans; and 
•  share ownership guidelines.   

The Compensation Committee has the following responsibilities with respect to corporate governance and 
nominating matters: 

•  develop and recommend to the Board of Directors criteria for selecting new directors; 
•  assist the Board of Directors by identifying individuals qualified to become members of the Board of 

• 

Directors (consistent with criteria approved by the Board of Directors); 
recommend  to  the  Board  of  Directors  the  director  nominees  for  the  next  annual  meeting  of 
shareholders and for each committee of the Board of Directors and the chair of each committee; 
•  develop and recommend to the Board of Directors appropriate corporate governance principles for 

• 

the Company; 
recommend to the Board of Directors procedures for the conduct of Board meetings, and the proper 
discharge of the Board of Directors’ mandate; 

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RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

COMPENSATION, CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND NOMINATING COMMITTEE (CONTINUED)  

•  oversee  the  annual  review  of  the  Board  of  Directors’,  its  committees’  and  individual  directors’ 

performance and the assessment of the Board of Directors’ and committee charters; and 

•  undertake such other initiatives that may be necessary or desirable to enable the Board of Directors 

to provide effective corporate governance. 

The Compensation Committee comprises of three Non-Executive Board members, with Mark Sander being the elected 
Chairman of the Compensation Committee. The other members of the Compensation Committee are Eason Chen and 
Glenn Poulter.  

SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT COMMITTEE  
The Safety, Health and Environment Committee, which meets as required but at least three times per year, is appointed 
by  the  Board  of  Directors  to  discharge  the  Board  of  Directors’  responsibilities  relating  to  compliance  and  review  of 
applicable environmental, community, health and safety legislation, rules and regulations in the jurisdictions in which 
the  company  operates.  The  purpose  of  the  Safety,  Health  and  Environmental  Committee  is  to  assist  the  Board  of 
Directors in management of the Company of policies, programs and systems relating to environmental, community and 
health and safety issues. They will work with management in reviewing safety, health and environmental performance 
and metrics and where necessary provide insight into the development of appropriate safety, health and environmental 
performance and metrics. The Committee will further monitor current and future regulatory issues that pertain to the 
operations of the Company. 

The Safety, Health and Environment Committee (SHEC) comprises of two Non-Executive Board members and one 
Executive, with Belinda Labatte being the elected Chairman of the Safety, Health and Environment Committee. The 
other members of the SHEC are Terrel Ackerman and Andre Booyzen. 

TECHNICAL COMMITTEE  
The Technical Committee, which meets as required but at least three times per year,  is appointed  by the  Board  of 
Directors as a standing committee to assist the Board of Directors in its oversight of technical and operational matters.   
The Technical Committee comprises of three Non-Executive Board members, with Terrell Ackerman being the elected 
Chairman of the Technical Committee. The other members of the Technical Committee are Mark Sander and Andre 
Booyzen. 

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS  
The  Board  adheres  to  guidelines  relating  to  the  appointment  of  non-executive  directors,  to  ensure  good  corporate 
governance. 

Both  the  Chairman  (Mr.  Bradford  Mills)  and  non-executive  directors  are  appointed  for  a  year  at  a  time  and  are  re-
elected annually at the Company’s Annual General Meeting. 

In  accordance  with  the  Companies  Act  2006,  the  Board  complies  with:  a  duty  to  act  within  their  powers;  a  duty  to 
promote the success of the Company; a duty to exercise independent judgement; a duty to exercise reasonable care, 
skill and diligence; a duty to avoid conflicts of interest; a duty not to accept benefits from third parties and a duty to 
declare any interest in a proposed transaction or arrangement. 

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RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT (CONTINUED)  

COMMUNICATE HOW THE COMPANY IS GOVERNED AND IS PERFORMING BY MAINTAINING A DIALOGUE WITH 
SHAREHOLDERS AND OTHER RELEVANT STAKEHOLDERS  
The Board is committed to maintaining good and regular communication with its shareholders and other stakeholders 
and aims to ensure that all communications concerning the Company’s activities are clear, fair and accurate. The Board 
welcomes an open dialogue with shareholders. The Investor Relations section of the Company’s website also provides 
all required regulatory information as well as other helpful information for shareholders and other relevant stakeholders 
including podcasts and presentations. 

Results of shareholder meetings and details of votes cast will be publicly announced through the regulatory system 
and  displayed  on  the  Company’s  website  http://www.ramblermines.com    with  suitable  explanations  of  any  actions 
undertaken as a result of any significant votes against resolutions. 

Page 31 

 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 

The Directors present their report with the audited financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 
31, 2018. 

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITY 

The principal activity of the Company is the development, mining and exploration of the Ming Copper-Gold Mine located 
in Newfoundland and Labrador and the exploration and development of other strategic properties within the immediate 
area.  The principal activity of the parent company is that of a holding company.  

DIRECTORS 

The Directors during the period under review were: 

T I Ackerman  
E C Chen  
B Labatte  
B A Mills  
G R Poulter  
M V Sander 
A A Booyzen (appointed 1st April 2019)  
N P Williams (Resigned 31st March 2019) 

DIVIDENDS 

No dividends will be distributed for the year ended December 31, 2018. 

SIGNIFICANT SHARE INTERESTS 

At June 4, 2019 the parent company was aware of the following substantial share interests: 

CE Mining III Rambler 
CE Mining II Rambler 
Compagnie Odier SCA 
CI Financial 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

Number of Ordinary Shares 

% of Share Capital 

431,592,148 
396,363,636 
185,244,599 
124,138,495 

33.29 
30.57 
14.29 
9.58 

The Board of Directors determines, as required, the degree to which it is appropriate to use financial instruments and 
hedging  techniques  to  mitigate  risks.  The  main  risks  for  which  such  instruments  may  be  appropriate  are  foreign 
exchange risk, liquidity risk, credit risk, interest rate risk and commodity price risk, each of which is discussed in note 
24 to the financial statements.  

Page 32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018  
(CONTINUED) 

LIKELY FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS 

Details of likely future developments are set out in the Strategic Report. 

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

Details of subsequent events are set out in the Strategic Report. 

STATEMENT AS TO DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION TO AUDITOR 

Each of the persons who is a director at the date of approval of this annual report confirms that: 
• 

so far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the company's auditor is unaware; 
and 
the director has taken all the steps that he/she ought to have taken as a director in order to make himself/herself 
aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the company's auditor is aware of that information. 

• 

This confirmation is given and should be interpreted in accordance with the provisions of s418 of the Companies Act 
2006. 

AUDITOR 

Deloitte LLP have expressed their willingness to continue in office as auditors and a resolution to reappoint them will 
be proposed at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting. 

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD: 

T Sanford 
Company Secretary 

June 4, 2019 

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RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES  

The  directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  Annual  Report  and  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 
applicable law and regulations. 

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year.  Under that law the directors 
are required to prepare the group financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards 
(IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union and Article 4 of the IAS Regulation and have also chosen to prepare the 
parent company financial statements under IFRSs as adopted by the EU. Under company law the directors must not 
approve the accounts unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the group and 
company and of the profit or loss of the group and company for that period.  In preparing these financial statements, 
International Accounting Standard 1 requires that directors: 

•  properly select and apply accounting policies; 
•  present  information,  including  accounting  policies,  in  a  manner  that  provides  relevant,  reliable,  comparable 

and understandable information;  

•  provide  additional  disclosures  when  compliance  with  the  specific  requirements  in  IFRSs  are  insufficient  to 
enable users to understand the impact of particular transactions, other events and conditions on the entity's 
financial position and financial performance; and 

•  make an assessment of the company's ability to continue as a going concern. 

The  directors  are  responsible  for  keeping  adequate  accounting  records  that  are  sufficient  to  show  and  explain  the 
company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and 
enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006.  They are also responsible 
for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of 
fraud and other irregularities. 

The directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on 
the company’s website.  Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial 
statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

Responsibility statement  
We confirm that to the best of our knowledge: 

• 

• 

• 

the financial statements, prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted 
by the European Union, give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of 
the company and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a whole; 
the strategic report includes a fair review of the development and performance of the business and the position 
of the company and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a whole, together with a description 
of the principal risks and uncertainties that they face; and 
the  annual  report  and  financial  statements,  taken  as  a  whole,  are  fair,  balanced  and  understandable  and 
provide  the  information  necessary  for  shareholders  to  assess  the  company’s  position  and  performance, 
business model and strategy. 

This responsibility statement was approved by the board of directors on 4 June 2019 and is signed on its behalf by: 

A A Booyzen 
Chief Executive Officer   
June 4, 2019 

Page 34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

Report on the audit of the financial statements 

Opinion 

In our opinion: 
• 

the financial statements of Rambler Metals and Mining plc (the ‘parent 
company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘group’) give a true and fair view of the state 
of the group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at 31 December 2018 and 
of the group’s loss for the year then ended; 
the group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European 
Union and IFRSs as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board 
(IASB); 
the parent company financial statements have been properly prepared in 
accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union and as applied in 
accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006; and 
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

• 

• 

• 

We have audited the financial statements which comprise: 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

the consolidated income statement; 
the consolidated and parent company statement of comprehensive income; 
the consolidated and parent company statement of financial position; 
the consolidated and parent company statements of changes in equity; 
the consolidated statement of cash flows; and 
the group related notes 1 to 26 and parent company related notes C1 to C6. 

The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law 
and IFRSs as adopted by the European Union and, as regards the parent company financial 
statements, as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) 
and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the 
auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report.  

We are independent of the group and the parent company in accordance with the ethical 
requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the 
Financial Reporting Council’s (the ‘FRC’s’) Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we 
have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe 
that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our 
opinion. 

Material uncertainty relating to going concern 

We draw attention to note 1 in the financial statements, which indicates that there is a risk that 
lower than forecast commodity prices or production issues will result in the need for the Group to 
obtain additional financing for the development of the Ming Mine site. 

In response to this, we:  

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

have evaluated the design and implementation of key internal controls over 
management’s assessment of going concern; 
tested the clerical accuracy of management’s cash flow forecast and agreed key 
assumptions to supporting evidence; 
considered the historical accuracy of forecasts previously prepared by management and 
took into account the variances that arose; 
considered the ability of the group to meet production figures forecast by the latest NI 
43-101 technical report, especially in light of actual production in the first quarter of the 
year being lower than forecast; and 
understood the impact of a range of reasonable sensitivities on the forecast headroom. 

Page 35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As stated in note 1, these events or conditions, along with the other matters as set forth in note 
2 to the financial statements, indicate that a material uncertainty exists that may cast significant 
doubt on the group’s and the company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Our opinion is 
not modified in respect of this matter. 

Summary of our audit approach 

Key audit matters 

The key audit matters that we identified in the current year were: 
• 
Impairment of in-production and development assets; and 
•  Going concern (see material uncertainty relating to going concern 

section)

The materiality that we used for the group financial statements was 
$800,000 which was determined on the basis of 1.5% of the net assets 
of the group. 

We have performed full-scope audit procedures for the significant entities 
Rambler Metals & Mining Canada and Rambler Metals & Mining PLC which 
constitutes 97% of the group’s Net Assets and 100% of the group’s 
Revenue. 

There have been no significant changes in our audit approach as 
compared to prior year.  

Materiality 

Scoping 

Significant 
changes in our 
approach 

Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most 
significance in our audit of the financial statements of the current period and include the most 
significant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) that we 
identified. These matters included those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit 
strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement 
team. 

These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, 
and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 
In addition to the matter described in the material uncertainty relating to going concern section, 
we have determined the matters described below to be the key audit matters to be 
communicated in our report.  

The key audit matters identified are consistent with prior year.  

Impairment of in-production and development assets   

Key audit matter 
description 

At December 31, 2018 in-production and development assets are carried 
at $35.4 million and $3.2 million respectively and the in-production Ming 
Mine is carried net of significant impairment provisions previously 
recorded. IAS 36 requires that for assets other than goodwill, where there 
has been a positive change in the estimates used to determine an asset’s 
recoverable amount since an impairment loss was recognized, the 
impairment loss shall be reversed. 

The impairment assessment is an inherently judgemental process that 
requires the estimation of several key assumptions. As a consequence of 
the continued volatility in the forecast gold price, the assessment of the 
recoverable amount of in-production and development assets in 
accordance with IAS 36 “Impairment of Assets” or IFRS 6 “Exploration for 
and Evaluation of Mineral Resources” is a key audit matter. Due to the 
level of judgement involved in the valuations, this has been identified as 
an area of potential management bias. 

The accounting policies for impairment and impairment reversal are set 
out in note 2 to the financial statements and key sources of estimation 

Page 36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
uncertainty set out in note 3. The carrying value of the in-production and 
development assets are set out note 10 and note 9 respectively. 

How the scope of 
our audit 
responded to the 
key audit matter 

We have evaluated the design and implementation of entity level controls 
over the impairment assessment process for in-production mining and 
development assets. 

We have reviewed and challenged management’s assessment as to 
whether indicators of impairment or impairment reversal exist.  

For development assets we have assessed whether mining licenses and 
permits remain in good standing and management continues to incur 
expenditure in respect of the project.  

Where indicators have been identified in respect of in-production assets 
we obtained copies of the valuation models and performed the following 
procedures:  

•  Determined that mining licenses and permits remain in good 

standing;  

•  Reviewed the forecasts within the models and assessed the 
historical accuracy of management’s forecasting process by 
comparing current year actual performance to prior year budgets; 

•  Reviewed and challenged the most recent NI 43-101 technical 
report against management’s production plans and capital and 
operating forecasts. We have also assessed the competence, 
capability and objectivity of management’s expert; 
Independently tested key macro assumptions including the 
forecast gold and copper prices and foreign exchange rates; and 

• 

•  Utilized internal Deloitte valuation specialists to evaluate the 

Group’s cost of capital.  

Key observations 

We concur with the key assumptions used by Management including the 
forecast gold price and discount rate. 

We concur with Management’s assessment that at the reporting date the 
carrying value of in-production mining asset is supported by its value in 
use, and no impairment or impairment reversal is required. We did not 
identify any audit adjustments that warranted reporting to the Audit 
Committee. 

Our application of materiality 

We define materiality as the magnitude of misstatement in the financial statements that makes it 
probable that the economic decisions of a reasonably knowledgeable person would be changed or 
influenced. We use materiality both in planning the scope of our audit work and in evaluating the 
results of our work.  

Based on our professional judgement, we determined materiality for the financial statements as a 
whole as follows: 

Group financial statements 

Parent company financial 
statements 

Materiality 

$800,000 (2017: $950,000) 

$792,000 (2017: $807,500) 

Basis for 
determining 
materiality 

1.7% of net assets 

Parent company materiality equates 
to 1.1% of net assets, which is capped 
at 99% of group materiality. 

Rationale 
for the 
benchmark 
applied 

We consider net assets to be an 
appropriate basis for materiality as 
the users of the financial statements 
will be most interested in balance 

We consider net assets to be an 
appropriate basis for materiality for 
the Company as it acts as a holding 
company for the group.    

Page 37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
sheet based metrics whilst the 
Group’s operations are still evolving, 
and the income statement does not 
fully reflect the size and scale of the 
business.  

Net Assets $53,628k

Net Assets

Group materiality

Group materiality 
$800k

Audit Committee 
reporting threshold 
$40k

We set our performance materiality at a level lower than materiality to reduce the probability that, 
in aggregate, uncorrected and undetected misstatements exceed the materiality for the financial 
statements as a whole. Group performance materiality therefore was set at 70% of group 
materiality for the 2018 audit (2017: 70%), being $560,000 (2017: $665,000).  

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to the Committee all audit differences 
in excess of $40,000 (2017: $47,500), as well as differences below that threshold that, in our 
view, warranted reporting on qualitative grounds. We also report to the Audit Committee on 
disclosure matters that we identified when assessing the overall presentation of the financial 
statements. 

An overview of the scope of our audit 

Our Group audit was scoped by obtaining an understanding of the Group and its environment, 
including Group-wide controls, and assessing the risks of material misstatement at the Group 
level.  

We have performed full-scope audit procedures for the significant entities Rambler Metals & 
Mining Canada and Rambler Metals & Mining PLC which constitutes 97% of the group’s Net 
Assets and 100% of the group’s Revenue. As the operations are principally based out of St 
John’s, Canada, we have focused our audit work in this geographical area and have taken a fully 
substantive testing approach similar to prior year. 

Other information 

The directors are responsible for the other information. The other 
information comprises the information included in the annual 
report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s 
report thereon. 

We have nothing to 
report in respect of these 
matters. 

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other 
information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated 
in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion 
thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our 
responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, 
consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent 
with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the 
audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 

If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material 
misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a 

Page 38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
material misstatement in the financial statements or a material 
misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we 
have performed, we conclude that there is a material 
misstatement of this other information, we are required to report 
that fact. 

Responsibilities of directors 

As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement, the directors are responsible 
for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and 
fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the 
preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to 
fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group’s and 
the parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing as applicable, matters 
related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors 
either intend to liquidate the group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no 
realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a 
whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an 
auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but 
is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a 
material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are 
considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to 
influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on 
the FRC’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our 
auditor’s report. 

Report on other legal and regulatory requirements 

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 
• 

the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report for the financial year for 
which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and 
the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with 
applicable legal requirements. 

• 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and of the parent company and 
their environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified any material 
misstatements in the strategic report or the directors’ report. 

We have nothing to report 
in respect of these 
matters. 

  Matters on which we are required to report by exception 

Adequacy of explanations received and accounting records 
Under the Companies Act 2006 we are required to report to you 
if, in our opinion: 

• 

•  we have not received all the information and 
explanations we require for our audit; or 
adequate accounting records have not been kept by the 
parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have 
not been received from branches not visited by us; or 
the parent company financial statements are not in 
agreement with the accounting records and returns. 

• 

Directors’ remuneration 

Page 39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Under the Companies Act 2006 we are also required to report if 
in our opinion certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration 
have not been made. 

We have nothing to report 
in respect of this matter. 

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 
of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might 
state to the company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s 
report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or 
assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company’s members as a 
body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Paul Barnett FCA (Senior statutory auditor) 
For and on behalf of Deloitte LLP 
Statutory Auditor 
London, UK 
4 June 2019 

Page 40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 

Revenue 

Production costs 

Depreciation and amortisation 

Gross loss 

Administrative expenses 

Exploration expenses 

Operating loss 

Exchange (loss)/gain 

Loss on disposal of fixed assets 

Profit on disposal of equity investments 

Gain on fair value of Gold streaming 

Net finance costs 

Net expense 

Loss before tax 

Note 

Year to  

Year to  

31 December 

31 December 

2018 

US$’000 

2017 

US$’000 

5 

             29,718  

             30,339  

           (31,204) 

           (26,444) 

             (9,887) 

             (7,798) 

           (11,373) 

             (3,903) 

             (5,823) 

             (3,441) 

                      -    

                     (6) 

6 

           (17,196) 

             (7,350) 

22 

8 

             (1,503) 

                  940  

                   (95) 

                      -    

                      -    

                  779  

                  1,323  

                  566  

                 (895) 

                 (379) 

             (1,170) 

               1,906  

           (18,366) 

             (5,444) 

Income tax (expense)/credit 

9 

             (1,680) 

               1,296  

Loss for the period  

Loss per share 

           (20,046) 

             (4,148) 

Note 

Year to  

Year to  

31 December 

31 December 

2018 

US$ 

2017 

US$’000 

Basic and diluted loss per share 

19 

             (0.033) 

             (0.008) 

Page 41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME  

For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS)  

Year to  

Year to  

31 December 

31 December 

2018 

2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

Loss for the period 

          (20,046) 

(4,148) 

Other comprehensive income 
Items that may be reclassified into profit or loss 

Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations (net of tax) 

             (4,608) 

              4,165  

Disposal of equity investment (net of tax) 

Items that will not be reclassified to the income statement  

Loss on fair value of equity investment (net of tax) 

Other comprehensive (loss)/gain for the period 

                     -    

(250) 

(37) 

(140) 

             (4,645) 

              3,775  

Total comprehensive (loss)/gain for the period  

          (24,691) 

(373) 

Page 42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
REGISTERED NUMBER: 05101822 (ENGLAND AND WALES) 

RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 
As at December 31, 2018 
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 

Note 

31 December 

31 December 

2018 

US$’000 

2017 

US$’000 

10 

11 

12 

13 

9 

16 

15 

16 

17 

21 

22 

20 

21 

22 

23 

18 

18 

18 

18 

18 

18 

               3,168  

               3,397  

             35,441  

             38,834  

             24,634  

             28,443  

                  102  

                  610  

             11,192  

             13,851  

               3,247  

               3,530  

             77,784  

             88,665  

               2,333  

               2,467  

               1,126  

                  829  

                  730  

               1,830  

                  241  

               3,351  

               4,430  

               8,477  

             82,214  

             97,142  

               6,897  

               3,887  

               2,514  

2,852 

             11,195  

               7,314  

             20,606  

             14,053  

            16,176 

              5,576 

               4,708  

             6,072  

               7,829  

10,624 

               1,855  

               1,961  

             14,392  

             18,657  

             47,216  

             64,432  

               9,524  

               8,061  

             95,999  

             89,309  

                     -    

                  859  

                  180  

                  180  

            (19,192) 

            (14,584) 

                    80  

                    86  

            (39,375) 

            (19,479) 

             47,216  

             64,432  

Assets 

Intangible assets 

Mineral property 

Property, plant and equipment 

Equity investments 

Deferred tax 

Restricted cash 

Total non-current assets 

Inventory 

Trade and other receivables 

Derivative financial asset 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets 

Total assets 

Liabilities 

Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 

Gold streaming 

Trade and other payables 

Total current liabilities 

Net current liabilities 

Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 

Gold streaming 

Provision 

Total non-current liabilities 

Net assets 

Equity 

Issued capital 

Share premium 

Share warrants reserve 

Merger reserve 

Translation reserve 

Other reserves 

Retained profits 

Total equity 

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD: 

A A Booyzen 
Director 
Approved and authorised for issue by the Board on June 4, 2019

Page 43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

Consolidated Statement of Changes 
in Equity 

(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 
Group 

Balance at January 1, 2017 
Comprehensive income 
Loss for the period 
Foreign exchange translation differences 
Disposal of equity investment (net of tax) 
Gain on equity investments (net of tax) 
Total other comprehensive income 
Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the period 
Transactions with owners 
Issue of share capital (note 18)  
Warrants exercised 
Share issue expenses 
Share-based payments 
Transactions with owners 
Balance at December 31, 2017 

Balance at January 1, 2018 
Comprehensive income 
Loss for the period 
Foreign exchange translation differences 
Loss on equity investments (net of tax) 
Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the period 
Transfer to Retained profits on disposal of equity investment 
(note 13) 
Transactions with owners 
Issue of share capital (note 18)  
Warrants exercised 
Share issue expenses 
Share-based payments 
Transactions with owners 
Balance at December 31, 2018 

Share 

Capital 

US$’000 

Share 

Warrants 

Merger 

Translation 

Other 

Retained 

Premium 

US$’000 

Reserve 

US$’000 

Reserve 

US$’000 

Reserve 

US$’000 

Reserve 

US$’000 

Profits 

Total 

US$’000 

US$’000 

          6,374  

          81,442  

          2,089  

             180  

         (18,749) 

             476  

         (15,443) 

          56,369  

                -    
                -    
                -    
                -    
                -    
                -    

                 -    
                 -    
                 -    
                 -    
                 -    
                 -    

                -    
                -    
                -    
                -    
                -    
                -    

                -    
                -    
                -    
                -    
                -    
                -    

                -    
                -    

                   -    
             4,165  
                   -                (240) 
                   -                (150) 
                   -                (390) 
           (390) 
             4,165  

           (4,148) 

          (4,148) 
                   -                 4,165  
                   -                  (240) 
                   -                  (150) 
                   -                  (390) 
                   -                 3,775  

          1,687  
- 

            6,749  
1,230 
                -                  (112) 
                -    
          1,687  
          8,061  

            7,867  
          89,309  

                 -    

- 
(1,230) 
                -    

        (1,230) 
             859  

                -    

                   -    

                -    

- 

- 

- 

                -    
                -    
                -    
             180  

                   -    
                   -    
                   -    

         (14,584) 

                -    
                -    
                -    
               86  

- 

                   -                 8,436  
- 
                   -                  (112) 
               112  
                112  
            8,436  
                112  
          64,432  
         (19,479) 

          8,061  

          89,309  

             859  

             180  

         (14,584) 

               86  

         (19,479) 

          64,432  

                -    
                -    
                -    
                -    

                 -    
                 -    
                 -    
                 -    

                -    
                -    
                -    
                -    

                -    
                -    
                -    
                -    

                   -    

           (4,608) 

                -    
                -    

                   -                  (37) 
             (37) 

           (4,608) 

         (20,046) 

        (20,046) 
                   -               (4,608) 
                   -                    (37) 
          (4,645) 

- 

                -    

                 -    

                -    

                -    

                   -    

             31 

(31) 

                 -    

          1,463  
- 

            5,847  
859 
                -                    (16) 
                -    
          1,463  
          9,524  

            6,690  
          95,999  

                 -    

           - 
(859) 

                -    

           (859) 

                -    

                   -    

                -    

- 

- 

- 

                -    
                -    
                -    

                   -    
                   -    
                   -    

                -    
                -    
                -    

                -                  180  

         (19,192) 

80 

- 

                   -                 7,310  
- 
                   -                    (16) 
               182  
                182  
            7,476  
                182  
          47,216  
         (39,374) 

Page 44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS  

For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Operating loss 

Depreciation and amortisation 
Loss/(gain) on derivative financial instrument (note 5) 

Share based payments (note 7) 
Foreign exchange difference 

Decrease in inventory 
(Increase)/decrease in debtors 

Decrease/(increase) in derivative financial instruments 
Increase/(decrease) in creditors 

Cash (utilised in)/generated from operations 

Interest paid 

Net cash (utilised in)/generated from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Interest received 

Disposal of equity investment (note 13) 
Acquisition of evaluation and exploration assets 

Acquisition of Mineral property – net 
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment 

Disposal of property, plant and equipment 

Net cash utilised in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Issue of share capital (note 18) 

Share issue expenses 
Loans received 

Repayment of Gold streaming (note 22) 
Repayment of Loans 

Capital element of finance lease payments 

Net cash generated from financing activities 

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash held 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 

Page 45 

31 December 

31 December 

2018 

$’000 

2017 

$’000 

          (17,196) 

            (7,350) 

              9,921  
1,711 

                 182  
                 458  

                 134  
                (297) 

              (611)  
              3,827  

              7,824  
(2,015) 

                 112  
                (259) 

                    29  
                 455  

            941 
              1,961  

            (1,871) 

              1,698  

                (478) 

                (376) 

            (2,349) 

              1,322  

                    78  

                    43  

                 485  
                  (48) 

            (3,879) 
            (3,189) 

              1,103  
            (1,020) 

            (5,277) 
            (4,103) 

                     -    

            (6,553) 

            (9,254) 

              7,310  

              8,436  

                  (16) 
              3,815  

            (1,755) 
            (1,460) 

                (112) 
              5,598  

            (1,105) 
            (1,137) 

            (2,116) 

            (2,593) 

              5,778  

              9,087  

            (3,124) 

              1,155  

              3,351  
                    14  

              2,156  
                    40  

                 241  

              3,351  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

1  Nature of operation and going concern 

The  principal  activity  of  the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries  (“the  Group”)  is  the  operation,  development  and 
exploration  of  the  Ming  Copper-Gold  Mine  (“Ming  Mine”)  located  in  Baie  Verte,  Newfoundland  and  Labrador, 
Canada.  

The Group’s business activities, together with the factors likely to affect its future development, performance and 
position, its financial position, cash flows,  liquidity  position and  borrowing facilities are set out  in  the  Strategic 
Report on pages 5 to 23. In addition, notes 18 and 21 to the financial statements includes the Group’s objectives, 
policies and processes for managing its capital; its financial risk management objectives; details of its financial 
instruments and hedging activities; and its exposures to credit risk and liquidity risk. 

The Company continually reviews operational results, expenditures and additional financial opportunities in order 
to ensure adequate liquidity to support its growth strategy while maintaining or increasing production levels at the 
Ming Mine. The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis which assumes that the Group 
will be able to realise its assets and settle its obligations in the normal course of business. The financial statements 
do not reflect adjustments to the carrying values and classification of assets and liabilities that would be necessary 
should the Group be unable to continue as a going concern. Such adjustments might be material. 

The Group intends to fund its operations and growth from the operating cash flows of the Ming mine, and to the 
extent required, through the accessing of equity and debt markets and the proceeds from the exercise of warrants. 
Management believes that the Ming Mine will generate sufficient operating cash flows to support the day to day 
activities and future growth requirements of the business, but there is a risk that production not ramping up in line 
with forecasts or lower than forecast commodity prices will result in the need for additional financing. 

Historically the Company has been successful in accessing equity and debt markets to finance the acquisition and 
development  of  the  Ming  Mine  site,  and  management  is  currently  finalising  talks  with  a  third  party  to  obtain 
additional funding within the coming weeks. However, as this funding is not yet committed, it is not wholly within 
the  Group’s  control  and  this  represents  a  material  uncertainty  which  casts  significant  doubt  upon  the  Group’s 
continued ability to operate as a going concern, such that it may be unable to realise its assets and discharge its 
liabilities in the normal course of business. 

2  Significant accounting policies 

Statement of compliance   

(a) 
The consolidated financial statements of Rambler Metals and Mining plc have been prepared in accordance with 
International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”)  and  their  interpretations  issued  by  the  International 
Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”), as adopted by the European Union and with IFRS and their interpretations 
adopted by the IASB. There are no material differences on application to the Group. The consolidated financial 
statements  have  also  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  those  parts  of  the  Companies  Act  2006  applicable  to 
companies reporting under IFRS. 

The accounting policies applied are consistent with those adopted and disclosed in the Group financial statements 
for  the  year-ended  31  December  2017,  except  for  changes  arising  from  the  adoption  of  the  following  new 
accounting pronouncements which became effective in the current reporting period: 

• 
IFRS 9 Financial Instruments 
• 
IFRS15: Revenue from Contracts with Customers 
• 
IFRIC 22: Foreign Currency Transactions and Advance Consideration 
•  Annual Improvements to IFRSs: 2014-2016 Cycle: IFRS1 and IAS28 

IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers: 

IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers became effective for the Group from 1 January 2018, replacing 
all previous revenue standards and interpretations. 

Page 46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

2 

Significant accounting policies (continued) 

 (a) 

Statement of compliance (continued) 

IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (continued) 

The Group’s revenue is primarily derived from commodity sales, for which the point of recognition is dependent on 
the contract sales terms, known as the International Commercial Terms (Incoterms). As the transfer of risks and 
rewards  generally  coincides  with  the  transfer  of  control  at  a  point  in  time  under  the  Incoterms,  the  timing  and 
amount of revenue recognised by the Group for the sale of commodities is not materially affected. 

For the Incoterms Cost, Insurance and Freight (CIF) and Cost and Freight (CFR) the seller must contract for and 
pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination. Consequently, the freight 
service on export commodity contracts with CIF/CFR Incoterms represents a separate performance obligation as 
defined under the new standard, and a portion of the revenue earned under these contracts, representing the 
obligation to perform the freight service, is deferred and recognised over time as this obligation is fulfilled, along 
with the associated costs. There have been no significant judgements made in the application of IFRS 15. 

There was no material impact on opening retained earnings as at 1 January 2018 as a result of this transition 
difference on group and company only financial statements. 

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments 

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments became effective for the Group from 1 January 2018, replacing IAS 39 Financial 
Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. The impacts of adopting IFRS 9 on the Group results have been as 
follows: 

Impairment: The standard introduces an expected credit loss (ECL) model for the assessment of impairment of 
financial  assets  held  at  amortised  cost.  For  trade  receivables  and  contract  assets,  the  Company  applies  a 
simplified approach in calculating ECLs and recognizes a loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting 
date.  The  Company  has  established  a  provision  matrix  that  is  based  on  its  historical  credit  loss  experience, 
adjusted for forward-looking factors specific to the debtors and the economic environment. 

Classification and measurement: The measurement and accounting treatment of the Group’s financial assets is 
materially  unchanged  on  application  of  the  new  standard  with  the  exception  of  equity  investments  previously 
categorised as available for sale. These are now held at fair value through other comprehensive income, meaning 
the recycling of gains and losses on disposal and impairment losses is no longer permitted for this category of 
asset. There is no material impact to the net assets  of the Group at 1 January  2017, 31 December 2017 or 1 
January 2018, or to the Group’s results for the year ended 31 December 2017 from this change. 

Financial instrument  

Classification under IFRS 9 

Classification under IAS 39 

Derivative financial instruments 

Fair value through profit and loss 

Fair value through profit and loss 

Equity investments 

Fair value through other 
comprehensive income 

Trade receivables and other 
receivables 
Trade payables and other payables  Amortised cost 
Gold streaming  

Amortised cost 

Fair value through profit and loss 

Available for sale 

Loans and receivables 

Amortised cost 
Fair value through profit and loss 

Loans and borrowings 

Amortised cost 

Amortised cost 

Page 47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

2  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

The Group has not adopted any standards or interpretations in advance of the required implementation dates. It 
is not expected that adoption of standards or interpretations which have been issued by the International 
Accounting Standard Board but have not adopted will have a material impact on the financial statements. 

The following are the major new IFRS accounting standards in issue but not effective the annual reporting period 
ended December 31, 2018:

IFRS 
/Amendment 
IAS 19 

IFRS 10 

Title 

Employee Benefits, amendments regarding plan 
amendments, curtailments or settlements 
Consolidated Financial Statements 

Application date of 
standard  
 January 1, 2019 

Application date for 
Company 
January 1, 2019 

 Not confirmed 

As and when 
become effective 
January 1, 2019 

IFRIC 23 

Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments 

 January 1, 2019 

IAS 28 

IFRS 

IFRS 16 

Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures 

 January 1, 2019 

January 1, 2019 

Annual improvement to IFRS standards 2015-
2017 
Leases 

 January 1, 2019 

January 1, 2019 

 January 1, 2019 

January 1, 2019 

IFRS 16 Leases 

IFRS 16 Leases became effective for the Group from 1 January 2019, replacing IAS 17 Leases. The Group has 
completed the necessary changes to internal systems and processes to embed the new accounting 
requirements. 

The principal impact of IFRS 16 is to change the accounting treatment by lessees of leases currently classified 
as operating leases. Lease agreements will give rise to the recognition by the lessee of a right-of-use asset and 
a related liability for future lease payments. 

The Group expects an impact of circa US$1,000 on transition as the majority of existing leases are accounted as 
finance lease. 

(b) Basis of preparation 

The financial statements are presented in United States dollars (“US dollars”), rounded to the nearest thousand 
dollars. US Dollars is used as the presentation currency in line with industry peers. The parent company has a 
functional  currency  of  GB  pounds  and  the  majority  of  the  Group’s  operations  are  carried  out  by  its  operating 
subsidiary which has a functional currency of Canadian dollars.  Foreign operations are included in accordance 
with the policies set out in note 2(d). At December 31, 2018 the closing rate of exchange of US dollars to 1 GB 
pound was 1.28 (December 31, 2017: 1.35) and the average rate of exchange of US dollars to 1 GB pound for the 
year was 1.33 (December 31, 2017: 1.28).   

The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these consolidated 
financial statements. 

The accounting policies have been applied consistently by Group entities. 

Page 48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)  

2  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

(c)  Basis of consolidation 

(i)  Subsidiaries 

An investor controls an investee when the investor is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement 
with the  investee and has the ability to affect those returns through  its power over the investee.   The financial 
statements  of  subsidiaries  are  included  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  from  the  date  that  control  is 
obtained. 

(ii)  Transactions eliminated on consolidation 

Intragroup balances and any unrealised gains and losses or income and expenses arising from intragroup 
transactions, are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements. 

(d) 

Foreign currency   

(i)  Foreign currency transactions 

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the functional currency at the foreign exchange rate ruling at 
the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the balance sheet 
date are translated to the functional currency at the foreign exchange rate ruling at that date. Foreign exchange 
differences arising on translation are recognised in the income statement. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that 
are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate at the date of 
the transaction. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are stated at fair value 
are translated to the functional currency at foreign exchange rates ruling at the dates the fair value was determined. 

(ii)  Translation into presentation currency 

The assets and liabilities of the Group are translated to US dollars at foreign exchange rates ruling at the balance 
sheet date. The revenues and expenses of the Group are translated to US dollars at rates approximating to the 
foreign exchange rates ruling at the dates of the transactions.  

(iii)  Net investment in foreign operations 

Exchange  differences  arising  from  the  translation  of  the  net  investment  in  foreign  operations  are  taken  to 
translation reserve. They are released into the statement of comprehensive income upon disposal. 

(e) 

Property, plant and equipment 

(i)  Owned assets 

Items  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  is  stated  at  cost,  net  of  accumulated  depreciation  and/or  accumulated 
impairment losses. The cost of self-constructed assets includes the cost of materials, direct labour and the estimate 
of the costs of dismantling and removing the  items and restoring the site on  which they are  located,  where an 
obligation to incur such costs exists. 

Where parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful  lives, they are  accounted for as 
separate items of property, plant and equipment. 

(ii)  Leased assets 

Leases in terms of which the Group assumes substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as 
finance leases.  All other leases are classified as operating leases. 

(iii)  Subsequent costs  

The Group recognises in the carrying amount of an item of property, plant and equipment the cost of replacing 
part of such an item when that cost is incurred if it is probable that the future economic benefits embodied with 
the item will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other costs are recognised 
in the income statement as an expense as incurred. 

Page 49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

2 

  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

(e) 

Property, plant and equipment (continued) 

(iv)  Depreciation 

Depreciation is charged to the income statement or capitalised as part of the exploration and evaluation costs or 
Mineral property where appropriate, on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of each part of an item 
of property, plant and equipment. Land is not depreciated. Depreciation on assets under construction does not 
commence until they are complete and available for use. The estimated useful lives are as follows: 

•  buildings 
•  plant and equipment 
•  motor vehicles 
• 
• 

computer equipment 
fixtures, fittings and equipment 

5 to 10 years 
2 to 10 years 
3 years 
3 years 
3 years 

The estimated useful lives and residual values of the assets are considered annually and restated as required. 

(f) 

Mineral property 

Upon  transfer  of  ‘Exploration  and  evaluation  costs’  into  ‘Mineral  property’,  all  subsequent  expenditure  on  the 
construction,  installation  or  completion  of  infrastructure  facilities  is  capitalised  within  ‘Mineral  property’. 
Development expenditure is net of proceeds from all sale of gold and copper concentrate extracted during the 
development phase and until commercial production is declared. 

Mineral property is amortised on a unit of production basis. Future forecast capital expenditure is included in the 
unit of production amortisation calculation. 

(g) 

Intangible assets 

(i) Exploration and evaluation costs 

These comprise costs directly incurred in exploration and evaluation. They are capitalised as intangible assets 
pending determination of the feasibility of the project.  When the existence of economically recoverable reserves 
and the availability of finance are established, the related intangible assets are transferred to Mineral property. 
Where a project is abandoned or is determined not to be economically viable, the related costs are written off.  

The recoverability of deferred exploration and evaluation costs is dependent upon a number of factors common to 
the natural resource sector.  These include the extent to which the Group can establish economically recoverable 
reserves on its properties, the ability of the Group to obtain necessary financing to complete the development of 
such reserves and future profitable production or proceeds from the disposition thereof. 

(ii) Impairment of exploration and evaluation costs 

Impairment reviews for exploration and evaluation costs are carried out on a project by project basis, with each 
project representing a potential single cash generating unit.  An impairment review is undertaken when indicators 
of impairment arise but typically when one of the following circumstances apply: 

•  unexpected geological occurrences that render the resource uneconomic; 
• 
• 
• 

title to the asset is compromised; 
variations in metal prices that render the project uneconomic; and 
variations in the exchange rate for the currency of operation. 

Page 50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

2 

  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

Equity investments 

(h) 
Equity investments are recognised at fair value with changes in value recorded in other comprehensive income as 
they are not held for short-term profit-taking trading under the company’s business model. Subsequent to initial 
recognition these are stated at fair value. Movements in fair values are recognised in other comprehensive income.  
Fair values are based on prices quoted in an active market if such a market is available. If an active market is not 
available, the Company establishes the fair value of financial instruments by using a valuation technique, usually 
discounted  cash  flow  analysis.  When  an  investment  is  disposed,  any  cumulative  gains  and  losses  previously 
recognised in fair value reserve are transferred to Retained profits.   

Inventory   

(i) 
Stockpiled ore is recorded at the lower of production cost and net realisable value. Production costs include all 
direct costs plus an allocation of fixed costs associated with the mine site. 

Operating supplies are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value.  Cost is determined on an average 
cost basis. 

Trade and other receivables 

(j) 
Trade and other receivables are generally stated at their cost less impairment losses. Receivables in respect of 
the sale of copper concentrate which contain an embedded derivative linking them to future commodity prices are 
measured  at  fair  value  through  profit  and  loss  and  are  treated  as  derivative  financial  assets  or  liabilities. 
Receivables with a short duration are not discounted. 

) 

Financial instruments measured at fair value through profit and loss  

(k) 
Financial  instruments  measured  at  fair  value  through  profit  and  loss,  which  includes  all  derivative  financial 
instruments and receivables containing embedded derivatives arising from sales of concentrate, are measured 
at fair value at each balance sheet date with changes in value reflected directly within the income statement. 

Cash and cash equivalents 

(l) 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits. Bank overdrafts that are repayable on 
demand and form an integral part of the Group’s cash management are included as a component of cash and 
cash equivalents for the purpose of the statement of cash flows.
Restricted cash (note 17) is not available for 
use by the Group and therefore is not considered highly liquid. 

Impairment of non-financial assets 

(m) 
The carrying amounts of the Group’s assets (except deferred exploration and evaluation costs (see accounting policy 
(g)(ii)) and deferred tax assets (see accounting policy 2(t)), are reviewed at each balance sheet date to determine 
whether  there  is  any  indication  of  impairment.  If  any  such  indication  exists,  the  asset’s  recoverable  amount  is 
estimated (see accounting policy 2(m)(i)).  

An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset or its cash-generating unit exceeds 
its recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognised in the income statement. 

Impairment  losses  recognised  in  respect  of  cash-generating  units  are  allocated  first  to  reduce  the  carrying 
amount  of  any  goodwill  allocated  to  cash-generating  units  (group  of  units)  and  then,  to  reduce  the  carrying 
amount of the other assets in the unit (group of units) on a pro rata basis. 

(i)  Calculation of recoverable amount 

The recoverable amount of other assets is the greater of their net selling price and value in use. In assessing value 
in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that 
reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. For an asset 
that  does  not  generate  largely  independent  cash  inflows,  the  recoverable  amount  is  determined  for  the  cash-
generating unit to which the asset belongs. 

Page 51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

2 

  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

(m) 

Impairment of non-financial assets 
(ii)  Reversals of impairment   

An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable 
amount. 

An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying 
amount  that  would  have  been  determined,  net  of  depreciation  or  amortisation,  if  no  impairment  loss  had  been 
recognised. 

(n)  Financial liabilities and equity 

Financial  liabilities  and  equity  instruments  are  classified  according  to  the  substance  of  the  contractual 
arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of 
the Group after deducting all of its liabilities. 

Financial liabilities include finance leases and hire purchase contracts which are recognised initially at fair value 
less  attributable  transaction  costs.  Subsequent  to  initial  recognition,  interest-bearing  borrowings  are  stated  at 
amortised cost with any difference between cost and redemption value being recognised in the statement of 
comprehensive income over the period of the borrowings on an effective interest basis except where the difference 
between cost and redemption value qualify to be capitalised as part of the cost of a qualifying asset. 

The Gold streaming is accounted for under IFRS 9 and is considered a financial liability as the Group purchases 
the payable gold from the market in order to repay Sandstorm based on actual production in the period. It is stated 
at fair value through profit and loss (note 22). 

The Company accounts for its share warrants as equity at fair value as of the date of issuance on the Company’s 
consolidated balance sheets and no further adjustments to their valuation are made. Management estimates the 
fair  value  of  these  liabilities  using  option  pricing  models  and  assumptions  that  are  based  on  the  individual 
characteristics of the warrants or instruments on the valuation date, as well as assumptions for future financings, 
expected volatility, expected life, yield, and risk-free interest rate. 

Trade and other payables  

(o) 
Trade and other payables are stated at amortised cost. 

Provisions  

(p) 
The Group records the present value of estimated costs of legal and constructive obligations required to restore 
mining  and  other  operations  in  the  period  in  which  the  obligation  is  incurred.  The  nature  of  these  restoration 
activities  includes  dismantling  and  removing  structures,  rehabilitating  mines  and  tailings  dams,  dismantling 
operating  facilities,  closure  of  plant  and  waste  sites,  and  restoration,  reclamation  and  revegetation  of  affected 
areas. 

(q) 

Revenue recognition 

The Group is engaged principally in sales of metal concentrate that are stated at their invoiced amount which is 
net of treatment and refining charges. Revenue for sale of commodity is recorded when control of the commodity 
passes to the customer. Sales of commodities are provisionally priced such that the price is not settled until a 
predetermined future date and is based on the market price at that time. These sales are marked to market at 
each reporting date using the forward price for the period equivalent to that outlined in the contract. Revenue on 
provisionally priced sales is recognised at the forward market price when control passes to the customer and is  

RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

Page 52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

2  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

(q) 

Revenue recognition (continued)  

classified as revenue from contracts with customers. Subsequent mark-to-market adjustments are recognised in 
revenue from other sources. 

Revenues from the sale of material by-products are recognised within revenue at the point control passes. Where 
a by-product is not regarded as significant, revenue may be credited against the cost of sales. 

Revenue  from  services  is  recognised  over  time  in  line  with  the  policy  above.  Our  revenue  contract  contains  
separate performance obligations for the sale of commodities and the provision of freight services, the portion of 
the revenue representing the obligation to perform the freight service is deferred and recognised over time as the 
obligation is fulfilled based on the estimated time taken to port of delivery, along with the associated costs. In 
situations  where  the Group is acting  as an  agent,  amounts billed to customers are offset against the relevant 
costs 

(r) 

Expenses   

(i)  Operating lease payments 

Payments made under operating leases are recognised in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the 
term of the lease. Lease incentives received are recognised in the income statement as an integral part of the total 
lease expense.   

(ii)    Finance lease payments   

Minimum  lease  payments  are  apportioned  between  the  finance  charge  and  the  reduction  of  the  outstanding 
liability. The finance charge is allocated to each period during the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic 
rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. 

(iii)  Borrowing costs 

Borrowing costs are recognised in the income statement where they do not meet the criteria for capitalisation. 
Borrowing  costs  directly  attributable  to  the  acquisition,  construction  or  production  of  a  qualifying  asset  are 
capitalised. 

Equity settled share based payments 

(s) 
All share based payments are recognised in the financial statements. 

All goods and services received in exchange for the grant of any share-based remuneration are measured at their 
fair values. Fair values of employee services are determined indirectly by reference to the fair value of the share 
options  awarded.  Their  value  is  appraised  at  the  grant  dates  and  excludes  the  impact  of  non-market  vesting 
conditions. 

All share-based remuneration is ultimately recognised as an expense in the income statement with a corresponding 
credit to the accumulated losses in the balance sheet. 

If vesting periods apply, the expense is allocated over the vesting period, based on the best available estimate of 
the number of share options expected to vest. Estimates are subsequently revised if there is any indication that the  

number  of  share  options  expected  to  vest  differs  from  previous  estimates.  Any  cumulative  adjustment  prior  to 
vesting is recognised in the current period. No adjustment is made to any expense recognised in prior periods if the 
number  of  share  options  ultimately  exercised  is  different  to  that  estimated  on  vesting.  Upon  exercise  of  share 
options the proceeds received net of attributable transaction costs are credited to share capital.  

Page 53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

2  Significant accounting policies (continued) 

Income tax 

(t)  
Income tax on the profit or loss for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax is recognised in the 
income  statement  except  to  the  extent  that  it  relates  to  items  recognised  directly  in  equity,  in  which  case  it  is 
recognised in equity. 

Current tax is the expected tax payable on the taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively 
enacted at the balance sheet date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years. 

Deferred tax is provided using the balance sheet liability method, providing for temporary differences between the 
carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes.  

The following temporary differences are not provided for:  
•  goodwill not deductible for tax purposes,  
• 
•  and  differences  relating  to  investments  in  subsidiaries  to  the  extent  that  they  will  probably  not  reverse  in  the 

the initial recognition of assets or liabilities that affect neither accounting nor taxable profit,  

foreseeable future.  

The amount of deferred tax provided is based on the expected manner of realisation or settlement of the carrying 
amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. A deferred 
tax asset is recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which  

the asset can be utilised. Deferred tax assets are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related 
tax benefit will be realised. 

Mining taxes and royalties are treated and disclosed as current and deferred taxes if they have the characteristics of 
an income tax. 

Fair value measurement 

(u) 
A  number  of  assets  and  liabilities  included  in  the  Group’s  financial  statements  require  measurement  at,  and/or 
disclosure of, fair value.  

The fair value  measurement of  the  Group’s  financial  and  non-financial  assets  and  liabilities  utilises  market 
observable inputs and data as far as possible. Inputs used in determining fair value measurements are categorised 
into different levels based on how observable the inputs used in the valuation technique utilised are (the ‘fair value 
hierarchy’):  

-  Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical items (unadjusted)  
-  Level 2: Observable direct or indirect inputs other than Level 1 inputs  
-  Level 3: Unobservable inputs (i.e. not derived from market data).  

The  classification  of  an  item  into  the  above  levels  is  based  on  the  lowest  level  of  the  inputs  used  that  has  a 
significant effect on the fair value measurement of the item. Transfers of items between levels are recognised in 
the period they occur. The Group measures a number of items at fair value:   

-  Derivative financial asset (note 16)   
-  Equity investments (note 13)  

For more detailed information in relation to the fair value measurement of the items above, please refer to the 
applicable notes. 

Page 54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

3.  Critical judgements and accounting estimates 

(a)  Critical judgements in applying the Company’s accounting policies 

The  details  of  the  Company’s  accounting  policies  are  presented  in  accordance  with  International  Financial 
Reporting Standards as set out in Note 2 to the financial statements. The preparation of financial statements in 
conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgements in applying the Company’s accounting policies,  

Going concern 

Judgements  are  necessary  in  applying  the  going  concern  basis  in  the  preparation  of  the  Company’s  financial 
statements in respect of the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least 12 months 
from the date of signing the current period’s report.  

Mineral Property, Property, Plant and Equipment and Exploration and Evaluation Costs 

Notes 2(g) and 2(m) describe the judgements necessary to implement the Company’s policy with respect to the 
carrying value of the Company’s mineral property and exploration and evaluation costs. Management considers 
these assets for impairment at least annually with reference to the following indicators: 

Reviewing the financial performance compared to forecast; 
Reviewing the key production and milling statistics to forecast; 
Reviewing the commodity price forecasts against assumptions in the previous impairment model; and 
Considering any significant changes to the cost of capital. 

The  Company  uses  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  application  of  policies  and  reported  amounts  of 
assets and liabilities, income and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical 
experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of 
which form the basis of making the judgements about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily 
apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.  

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates 
are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period 
of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. 

The following estimates are considered by management to be the most critical for investors to understand some 
of the processes and reasoning that go into the preparation of the Company’s financial statements, providing some 
insight also to uncertainties that could impact the Company’s financial results.  

The  directors  have  assessed  whether  there  are  any  indicators  of  impairment  in  respect  of  mineral  property, 
property,  plant  and  equipment  and  exploration  and  evaluation  costs  totalling  US$63.2  million  (2017:  US$70.6 
million).  In  making  this  assessment  they  have  considered  the  Group’s  business  plan  which  includes  resource 
estimates, future processing capacity, future exchange rates, the forward market and longer term price outlook for 
copper and gold and assumptions regarding weighted average cost of capital.  The Company continues to invest 
in exploration which has the potential to extend mine life and increase the rate of production.  Resource estimates 
have been based on the most recently filed NI43-101 report and its opportunities economic model which includes 
resource  estimates  without  conversion  of  its  inferred  resources.  Management’s  estimates  of  these  factors  are 
subject to risk and uncertainties affecting the recoverability of the Group’s mineral property and exploration and 
evaluation costs. 

Page 55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

3.  Critical judgement and accounting estimates (continued) 

Amortisation of Mineral Property 
Amortisation of the Mineral Property is calculated on a unit of production method expected to amortise the cost 
including future forecast capital expenditure over the expected life of the mine based on the tonnes of ore expected 
to  be  extracted.  Any  changes  to  these  estimates  may  result  in  an  increase  in  the  amortisation  charge  with  a 
corresponding reduction in the carrying value of the Mineral Property.  

Closure costs 
The Group has an obligation to restore its properties after the minerals have been mined from the site and has 
estimated the costs necessary to comply with existing reclamation standards. These estimates are recorded as a 
liability at their fair values in the periods in  which they  occur. If the estimate of reclamation costs proves to be 
inaccurate, the Group could be required to increase the provision for site closure and reclamation costs, which 
would increase the amount of future reclamation expense, resulting in a reduction in the Group’s earnings and net 
assets. 

(b)  Key sources of estimation uncertainty 

Share-based payments 
The Group calculates the cost of share based payments using the Black-Scholes model. Inputs into the model in 
respect of the expected option/warrant life and the volatility are subject to management estimate and any changes 
to these estimates may have a significant effect on the cost.  The assumptions used in calculating the cost of share 
based payments are explained in notes 7 and 19. 

Gold streaming 
The Group calculates the movement on the fair value of the Gold streaming liability based on estimates of future 
cash flows arising from the sale of payable gold (see note 22).The cash flows will be dependent on the production 
of gold and its selling price at the time of delivery which have been estimated in line with the mine plan, future 
prices of gold and reserve estimates. Management’s estimates of these factors are subject to risk and uncertainties 
affecting the amount of the fair value movement.  Any changes to these estimates may result in a significantly 
different fair value movement recognised in the income statement.  

Deferred tax 
The Company has incurred losses which will be available for offset against future taxable profits and one of the 
subsidiaries has tax credits available to offset against future tax liabilities. Following the declaration of commercial 
production it has been concluded that the Company has sufficient evidence of future taxable profits to justify the 
recognition of a deferred tax asset. If future taxable profits prove to be insufficient the Company could be required 
to reduce the deferred tax asset which would result in a reduction in the Company’s earnings and net assets. 

4.  Operating segments 

The Group’s operations relate to the exploration for and development of mineral deposits with support provided 
from the UK and as such the Group has only one operating segment.  

Information about geographical areas 

 Year to Dec 31, 2018 

 Year to Dec 31, 2017 

UK 

Canada 

Consolidated 

UK 

Canada 

Consolidated 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

Revenue 

              -    

29,718  

29,718  

 -  

30,339  

30,339  

Non-current 
assets 

- 

77,784  

77,784  

1,680  

86,985  

88,665  

Page 56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
           
           
           
           
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
           
           
              
           
           
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

5.  Revenue 

Revenue from sale of commodity 

Freight and Insurance revenue related to sale of commodity 

(Loss)/gain on fair value of derivatives 

Information about major customers 

All our revenue is sold to one customer (2017: one customer). 

6.  Operating loss 

The operating loss is after charging: 

Depreciation – owned assets 

Amortisation  

Directors’ emoluments (see note 25) 

Auditor’s remuneration: 

Audit of these financial statements 
Fees payable to the auditor for other 
services: 
Other assurance services  

Year to  

Year to  

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

              30,320  

         27,751  

                   1,109  

               573  

              (1,711) 

           2,015  

              29,718  

         30,339  

Year to  

Year to  

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

             5,787  

             4,134  

442 

4,469 

3,355 

351 

                116  

132 

41 

6 

The Audit Committee reviews the nature and extent of non-audit services to ensure that independence is maintained.  

7.  Personnel expenses 

Salary costs 

Wages and salaries 

Other short term benefits 
Compulsory social security contributions 
Share based payments 

Group 

Year to  

Group 

Year to  

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$,000 

          10,659  

          10,074  

                628  

                565  

            1,620  

            1,675  

                182  

                112  

          13,089  

          12,426  

Salary costs of US$222,000 (2017: US$533,000) were capitalised as part of the cost of assets under construction costs 
during the year. 

Page 57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

7.  Personnel expenses (continued) 

Number of employees 
The average number of employees during the period was as follows: 

Directors 

Administration 

Production and development 

Group 

Year to  

Group 

Year to  

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

                   7  

                   7  

                14  

                14  

              180  

              164  

              201  

              185  

During the period the Group granted share options to key personnel to purchase shares in the entity. The options are 
exercisable at the market price of the shares at the date of grant. 

Share-based payments 
The number and weighted average exercise prices of share options are as follows: 

Outstanding at the beginning of the period 

Granted during the period 

Exercised during period 

Forfeited during the period 

Expired during the period 

Outstanding at the end of the period 

Exercisable at end of period 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 

Number 

of options 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 

Number 

of options 

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

Dec 31, 2017 

US$ 

0.08 

0.05 

‘000 

         13,229  

           9,790  

                -    

                -    

0.07 

0.17 

0.06 

0.18 

         (1,912) 

            (430) 

         20,677  

           2,478  

US$ 

0.38 

0.09 

0.06 

0.11 

0.82 

0.13 

0.35 

‘000 

         13,014  

           1,230  

            (450) 

            (355) 

            (210) 

         13,229  

           3,239  

The options outstanding at December 31, 2018 have an exercise price in the range of US$0.05 to US$0.82 (December 
31, 2017: US$0.05 to US$0.82) and a weighted average remaining contractual life of 2.8 years (December 31, 2017: 
3.8 years).  

The fair value of services received in return for share options granted are measured by reference to the fair value of 
share options granted. The estimate of the fair value of the services received is measured based on the Black-Scholes 
model.  

Page 58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

7.  Personnel expenses (continued) 

Fair value of share options and assumptions issued during the period 

Fair value at measurement date 

Share price (weighted average) 

Exercise price (weighted average) 

Expected volatility (expressed as weighted average volatility used 

in the modelling under Black-Scholes model) 

Expected option life (years) 

Expected dividends  

Risk-free interest rate (based on national government bonds) 

Year to Dec 

Year to Dec 

31, 2018 

31, 2017 

US$0.07 

US$0.07 

US$0.09 

US$0.07 

US$0.09 

106% 

5 

               -    

116% 

5 

- 

2.07% 

1.41% 

The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility (calculated based on the weighted average remaining life of 
the share options), adjusted for any expected changes to future volatility due to publicly available information. 

There is no performance or market conditions associated with the share option grants. 

The share-based payment expense relates to the following grants:  

Year to Dec 

Year to Dec 

31, 2018 

31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

112 
                -  
               70    

110 
                2  
               -    

182 

112 

Year to  

Year to  

Dec 31, 2018  Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

               (78) 

               (43) 

               223  

               175  

                   5  

                 -    

               283  

                 17  

               138  

                 40  

               274  

               162  

                 50  

                 28  

               895  

               379  

Share options granted in 2016 
Share options granted in 2017 
Share options granted in 2018 

Total expense recognised as employee costs 

8.  Net finance costs 

Bank interest receivable 

Finance lease interest 

Sansdtorm loan interest 

Advance purchase facility interest and charges 

Other loan interest 

Off-take provisional payment interest 

Unwinding of discount on reclamation provision 

Page 59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

9. 

Income tax   

Recognised in the income statement   

Current tax expense 
Current period 

Deferred tax expense/(credit) 
Origination and reversal of temporary timing differences 
Deferred income tax asset not recognised 
Mining tax – origination and reversal of temporary differences  
(Under)/over provision in previous year 
Total income tax (credit)/charge in income statement 

Year to  
Dec 31, 2018 

US$,000 

Year to  
Dec 31, 2017 
US$,000 

- 

- 

- 
1,680 
- 
- 
1,680 

(1,373) 

55 
22 
(1,296) 

Reconciliation of effective tax rate 
A reconciliation between the tax credit and the product of the Group’s accounting loss multiplied by the 
Group’s statutory income tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2018 and year ended December 31, 
2017 is as follows: 

Year to  
Dec 31, 2018 

Year to  
Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

(18,366) 

(5,444) 

(3,535) 
(1,872) 
- 
213 
6,839 
(27) 
- 
- 
62 
- 

1,680 

(1,048) 
(458) 
56 
46 
- 
(115) 
107 
87 
23 
6 

(1,296) 

Year to  
Dec 31, 2018 

Year to  
Dec 31, 2017 

US$,000 

US$,000 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

(87) 
(48) 

(135) 

Loss before tax 

Income tax using the UK corporation tax rate of 19.00% (2017: 
19.25%) 
Effect of tax rates in foreign jurisdictions (rates increased) 
Mining tax 
Net permanent differences 
Deferred income asset not recognised 
Effect of tax rates on chargeable gain 
Effect of change in tax rates 
Effect of tax losses and credits 
(Under)/over provision in previous year 
Exchange difference 

Recognised in other comprehensive income 

Current tax expense 
Current year 

Deferred tax credit 
Fair value re-measurement of available for sale investments 
Exchange difference on retranslation of UK deferred tax asset  
Total income tax expense/(credit) in statement of other 
comprehensive income 

Page 60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

9. 

Income tax credit (continued) 

Recognised deferred tax assets and liabilities  
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are attributable to the following: 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Net 

Balance 

Balance 

Balance 

Balance 

Balance 

Balance 

Dec 31, 2018  Dec 31, 2017 

 Dec 31, 2018  Dec 31, 2017  Dec 31, 2018  Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

- 
2,283 
118 
- 
1,581 

 -    
 1,992  
 86  
 -    
 919  

Property, plant and equipment 
Mineral property 
Intangible assets 
Equity investment 
Gold streaming and government 
assistance 
Mining tax 
Other timing differences 
Tax value of loss carry-forwards and 
credits recognised 
Net tax assets /(liabilities) 
Movement in recognised deferred tax assets and liabilities 

 1,413  
 -    

9,782 
 14,192  

12,020 
17,538 

1,536 
- 

(2,827) 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
(173) 

- 
(3,000) 

US$’000 
(3,471) 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
(217) 

- 

(3,688) 

US$’000 
 (3,471) 
 2,283  
 118  
 -    
 1,581  

 1,536  
 (217) 

9,782 
11,192 

US$’000 
(3,471) 
2,283 
118 
- 
1,581 

1,536 
(217) 

12,020 
13,850 

Recognised in 
income 

Balance  
Jan 1, 2017 

Recognised in 
other 
comprehensive 
income 

Exchange 
difference 

Balance 
Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

Property, plant and equipment 
Mineral property 
Intangible assets 
Equity investment 
Gold streaming 
Mining tax 
Other timing differences 
Tax value of loss carry-forwards and credits – Canada 
Tax value of loss carry-forwards – UK 

3,112 
(3,064) 
(109) 
(3) 
(26) 
(1,496) 
94 
(8,624) 
(1,429) 

133 
945 
(2) 
90 
(1,548) 
55 
191 
(942) 
(218) 

- 
- 
- 
(87) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(48) 

(11,545) 

(1,296) 

(135) 

226 
(164) 
(7) 
- 
(85) 
(95) 
10 
(774) 
15 

(874) 

3,471 
(2,283) 
(118) 
- 
(1,659) 
(1,536) 
295 
(10,340) 
(1,680) 

(13,850) 

Balance  
Jan 1, 2018 

Written off 

Recognised in 
other 
comprehensive 
income 

Exchange 
difference 

Balance 
Dec 31, 2018 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

Property, plant and equipment 
Mineral property 
Intangible assets 
Equity investment 
Gold streaming and government assistance 
Mining tax 
Other timing differences 
Tax value of loss carry-forwards and credits – Canada 
Tax value of loss carry-forwards – UK 

3,471 
(2,283) 
(118) 
- 
(1,659) 
(1,536) 
295 
(10,340) 
(1,680) 
(13,850) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
1,680 
1,680 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

 (644) 
 291  
 32  
 -    
 740  
 123  
 (122) 
 558  
 -    
 978  

 2,827  
 (1,992) 
 (86) 

 -    

 (919) 
 (1,413) 
 173  
 (9,782) 

 -    

 (11,192) 

Page 61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

9. 

Income tax credit (continued) 

The Group has incurred losses which will be available for offset against future taxable profits and one of the subsidiaries 
has tax credits available to offset against future tax  liabilities. The Group considers that  it  has sufficient evidence  of 
future taxable profits to justify the recognition of a deferred tax asset of US$11.1 million (December 31, 2018: US$13.9 
million).  As at 31st December 2018, the Group had the total losses carried forward of US$25.1 million (2017: Nil) for 
which the deferred tax asset has not been recognised. 

The Group did not recognised a deferred tax assets in respect of mining tax (2017: deferred tax liability US$55,000) 
during the year bringing the balance to US$1.5 million (December 31, 2017: recognised deferred tax asset of US$1.5 
million). The group considers that  with recent increases in the market outlook for copper prices that  it  has sufficient 
evidence of future mining profits to justify the recognition of this asset.  

During the year the Company written off the deferred tax assets relating to the Parent Company US$1.7 million (2017: 
Nil) as the Company does not expect to generate income to set off against accumulated losses. 

10.  Intangible assets 

Cost 

Exploration and evaluation costs 

Ming Mine 

Little Deer Project 

Total 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

Balance at 1 January, 2017 

                        -    

                 2,169  

                 2,169  

Additions 

                     979  

                       41  

                 1,020  

Effect of movements in foreign exchange 

                       15  

                     193  

                     208  

Balance at December 31, 2017 

                     994  

                 2,403  

                 3,397  

Balance at 1 January, 2018 

                     994  

                 2,403  

                 3,397  

Additions 

                       18  

                       30  

                       48  

Effect of movements in foreign exchange 

                     (82) 

                   (195) 

                   (277) 

Balance at December 31, 2018 

                     930  

                 2,238  

                 3,168  

Carrying amounts 

At 1 January, 2017 

At December 31, 2017 

At 1 January, 2018 

At December 31, 2018 

                        -    

                 2,169  

                 2,169  

                     994  

                 2,403  

                 3,397  

                     994  

                 2,403  

                 3,397  

                     930  

                 2,238  

                 3,168  

Consideration of impairment for exploration and evaluation costs 

The directors have assessed whether there are any indicators of impairment in respect of exploration and evaluation 
costs.  Following  the  assessment,  management  concluded  that  no  impairment  triggers  had  been  noted  that  would 
require a formal impairment test and impairment charge against exploration and evaluation costs has been recorded. 

Page 62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

11.  Mineral property 

Cost 

Balance at January 1, 2017 

Additions 

Effect of movements in foreign exchange 

Balance at December 31, 2017 

Balance at January 1, 2018 

Additions 

Effect of movements in foreign exchange 

Balance at December 31, 2018 

Amortisation and impairment 

Balance at January 1, 2017 

Amortisation charge 

Effect of movements in foreign exchange 

Balance at December 31, 2017 

Balance at January 1, 2018 

Amortisation charge 

Effect of movements in foreign exchange 

Balance at December 31, 2018 

Carrying amounts 

At January 1, 2017 

At December 31, 2017 

At January 1, 2018 

At December 31, 2018 

Mineral property 

US$’000 

        69,701  

          5,278  

          5,064  

        80,043  

        80,043  

          3,879  

        (6,629) 

        77,293  

        35,248  

          3,355  

          2,606  

        41,209  

        41,209  

          4,134  

        (3,491) 

        41,852  

        34,453  

        38,834  

        38,834  

        35,441  

Consideration of impairment for mineral property costs 

As a result of the loss in the year, the directors concluded that there was an impairment indicator at 31 December 2018. 
A  valuation  model  was  completed  with  the  critical  assumptions  being  as  set  out  in  Note  3.  This  showed  that  the 

Page 63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
recoverable  amount  was  greater  than  the  carrying  value  of  the  fixed  assets  and  consequently  no  impairment  was 
required. 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

12.  Property, plant and equipment 

Cost 

Balance at January 1, 2017 

Additions 

Reclassification 

Effect of movements in foreign 
exchange 

Balance at December 31, 2017 

Land and 
buildings 

Assets 
under 
constructi
on 

US$’000 

US$’000 

Motor 
vehicle
s 

US$’00
0 

Plant and 
equipment 

Fixtures, 
fittings and 
equipment 

Computer 
equipment 

Total 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

3,956  

1,357  

222  

39,362  

25  

2,814  

-    

(319) 

-    

-    

5,143  

319  

94  

1  

769  

45,760  

70  

8,053  

               -    

-    

-    

279  

159  

15  

3,024  

6  

57  

3,540  

4,260  

4,011  

237  

47,848  

101  

896  

57,353  

Balance at January 1, 2018 

4,260  

4,011  

237  

47,848  

101  

896  

57,353  

Additions 

Disposals 

Reclassification 

Effect of movements in foreign 
exchange 

Balance at December 31, 2018 

Depreciation and impairment losses 

Balance at January 1, 2017 

Depreciation charge for the year 

Effect of movements in foreign 
exchange 

Balance at December 31, 2017 

Balance at January 1, 2018 

Depreciation charge for the year 

Disposals 

Effect of movements in foreign 
exchange 

Balance at December 31, 2018 

Carrying amounts 

At January 1, 2017 

At December 31, 2017 

At January 1, 2018 

81  

1,573  

-    

2,743  

2  

82  

4,481  

-    

-    

-    

(1,168) 

-    

(2,133) 

-    

2,133  

               -    

               -    

-    

(1,168) 

-    

-    

(347) 

(335) 

(19) 

(4,133) 

3,994  

3,116  

218  

47,423  

(8) 

95  

(76) 

(4,918) 

902  

55,748  

2,141  

-    

215  

19,523  

89  

736  

22,704  

362  

163  

-    

7  

4,073  

-    

15  

1,501  

4  

7  

22  

52  

4,468  

1,738  

2,666  

-    

237  

25,097  

100  

810  

28,910  

2,666  

-    

237  

25,097  

100  

810  

28,910  

399  

-    

-    

-    

-    

5,354  

1  

33  

5,787  

-    

(1,073) 

               -    

-    

(1,078) 

(234) 

-    

(19) 

(2,182) 

2,831  

-    

218  

27,196  

1,815  

1,357  

7  

19,839  

1,594  

4,011  

-    

22,751  

1,594  

4,011  

-    

22,751  

(8) 

93  

5  

1  

1  

(67) 

(2,505) 

776  

31,114  

33  

23,056  

86  

28,443  

86  

28,443  

Page 64 

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
        
            
        
              
            
        
              
        
               
          
                
              
          
               
          
               
             
               
                 
            
            
              
          
                
              
          
        
        
            
        
            
            
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
        
            
        
            
            
        
              
        
               
          
                
              
          
               
               
               
        
               
        
               
       
               
          
               
                 
          
          
            
        
               
            
        
        
        
            
        
              
            
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
               
            
        
              
            
        
            
               
                
          
                
              
          
            
               
              
          
                
              
          
        
               
            
        
            
            
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
               
            
        
            
            
        
            
               
               
          
                
              
          
               
               
               
        
               
        
          
               
            
        
               
            
        
        
               
            
        
              
            
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
        
                
        
                
              
        
        
        
               
        
                
              
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
        
               
        
                
              
        
At December 31, 2018 

1,163  

3,116  

-    

20,227  

2  

126  

24,634  

RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)  

12.  Property, plant and equipment (CONTINUED) 

Leased plant and machinery 

The Group leases surface and underground equipment under a number of finance lease agreements. At the end of 
each lease the Group has the option to purchase the equipment at a beneficial price. At December 31, 2018, the net 
carrying amount of leased plant and machinery was US$3.7 million (December 31, 2017: US$5.1 million). The leased 
plant and machinery secure lease obligations (see note 21). During the period plant and equipment additions of US$1.6 
million (2017: US$4.2 million) were acquired through finance lease arrangements.   

13. Equity Investments 

Cost or valuation 

Balance at January 1, 2017 

Disposals 

Revaluation  

Effect of movements in foreign exchange 

Balance at December 31, 2017 

Balance at January 1, 2018 

Revaluation  

Disposals 

Effect of movements in foreign exchange 

Balance at December 31, 2018 

Carrying amounts 

At December 31, 2017 

At December 31, 2018 

Equity investments 

US$’000 

        1,333  

          (324) 

          (389) 

            (10) 

           610  

           610  

 (37) 

(443) 

 (28) 

           102  

           610  

           102  

In 2017 the Company disposed all its remaining shareholding in Marathon Gold Corporation for US$1.1 million which 
was the fair value, the total gain was of US$0.8 million. Then in 2018 Company disposed of its remaining shareholding 
in Maritime Resources Corp for US$0.5 million which was the fair value, the total loss was of US$0.6 million. 

The carrying amount of the remaining US$102,000 of equity investments relates to investments in eleven companies 
(2017: twelve companies) which are listed. The valuation is determined using the closing market price of the shares 
on the respective stock exchange and is considered level 1 in the IFRS13 fair value hierarchy. 

Page 65 

        
        
               
        
                
            
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

14.  Inventory 

Metals in process 
Operating supplies 

Dec 31, 2018  Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 
608 
1,725 
2,333 

US$’000 
561 
1,906 
2,467 

The cost of inventories recognised as an expense and included in cost of sales amounted to US$41.1 million (2017: 
US$34.2 million) 

15.  Trade and other receivables 

Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Sales taxes recoverable 
Prepayments and accrued income 

Dec 31, 2018 

US$’000 

Dec 31, 
2017 
US$’000 

          -    

          -    

        349  
        672  
        105  
     1,126  

        260  
        412  
        157  
        829  

The  Company  applies  a  simplified  approach  in  calculating  expected  credit  losses  (ECL)  and  recognizes  a  loss 
allowance  based  on  lifetime  ECLs  at  each  reporting  date.  The  Company  has  established  a  provision  matrix  that  is 
based  on  its  historical  credit  loss  experience,  adjusted  for  forward-looking  factors  specific  to  the  debtors  and  the 
economic environment. 

There are no trade receivables past due or considered impaired (period ended December 31, 2017: $nil). 

16.  Derivative financial asset   

Concentrate receivables from off-taker 

Dec 31, 2018  Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 
        730  

US$’000 
     1,830  

The carrying amount of the derivative financial asset is
2 fair value determined using forward prices of copper, gold and silver. The cost of the concentrate receivables is 
US$779,000 (December 31, 2017: US$1,104,000). 

considered level 2 under the IFRS13 fair value hierarchy level 

17.  Restricted cash 

Bearer deposit notes 

Dec 31, 2018  Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 
        3,247  

US$’000 
        3,530  

The Group is required to hold Letters of Credit in favour of the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador in respect 
of the reclamation and closure liability associated with the Ming Mine. The bearer deposit notes mature on differing 
dates throughout fiscal 2018 and have a nominal value of US$3,247,000 (December 31, 2017 - US$3,530,000) giving 
an effective yield of 1.2% (December 31, 2017 – 1.2%). 

Page 66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

18.  Capital and reserves 

Share capital and share premium – group and company 

In issue at January 1, 2017 

Issued on February 6, 2017 

Issued on November 6, 2017 

Share issue expenses 

Shares issued during the year 

Share capital 

Share premium 

Total 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

Number 

‘000 

         6,374  

         81,442  

         87,816  

         414,290  

         1,681  

           6,726  

           8,407  

         135,000  

                6  

                23  

                29  

                450  

               -    

            (112) 

            (112) 

                   -    

         1,687  

           6,637  

           8,324  

         135,450  

Transfer from share warrant reserve 

               -    

           1,230  

           1,230  

                   -    

In issue at December 31, 2017 

         8,061  

         89,309  

         97,370  

         549,740  

In issue at January 1, 2018 

Issued on May 25, 2018 
Issued on June 01, 2018 
Issued on June 13, 2018 
Share issue expenses 

         8,061  

         89,309  

         97,370  

         549,740  

            334  

           1,338  

           1,672  

           25,000  

            868  

           3,474  

           4,342  

           65,000  

            261  

           1,035  

           1,296  

           19,400  

               -    

              (16) 

              (16) 

                   -    

Shares issued during the year 

         1,463  

           5,831  

           7,294  

         109,400  

Transfer from share warrant reserve 

               -    

              859  

              859  

                   -    

In issue at December 31, 2018 

         9,524  

         96,999  

       105,523  

         659,140  

At December 31, 2018, the authorised share capital comprised 1,000,000,000 (2017: 1,000,000,000) ordinary shares 
of 1p each. 

On May 25, 2018, the Company through a private placement of 25,000,000 shares at a price of US$ 0.0669 per 
share.with Lombard Odier Asset Management (USA) Corp raised US$1.7 million,   

On June 1, 2018, Aether Real Assets Co-Investment I L.P exercised 65,000,000 warrants at an exercise price of 
US$0.0668 raising funds of US$4.3 million. 

On June 13, 2018, the Company through a private placement of 19,400,000 shares at a price of US$ 0.0668 per 
share with Lombard Odier Asset Management (USA) raised US$1.3 million. 

The holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared from time to time and are entitled to one 
vote per share at meetings of the Company.  
Warrants reserve 

At January 1, 2017 

Fair value of warrants exercised on February 6, 2017 at US$0.0623 

At December 31, 2017 

At January 1, 2018 

Fair value of warrants exercised on June 01, 2018 at US$0.0668 

At December 31, 2018 

Page 67 

Number 

‘000 

$’000 

       200,000  

         2,089  

     (135,000) 

       (1,230) 

         65,000  

            859  

         65,000  

            859  

        (65,000) 

           (859) 

                   -    

                -    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

18.  Capital and reserves (continued) 

Warrants reserve (continued) 

On June 3, 2016 the Company issued 200,000,000 share purchase warrants at an exercise price of US$0.07 (GBP 
0.05).  The  fair  value  of  the  share  purchase  warrants  was  measured  using  the  Black-Scholes  model  assuming  an 
expected volatility of 100%, a risk-free interest rate of 1% and a contractual life of the warrant of 2 years. The fair value 
of services received  in return for the  warrants issued  was measured by reference to the fair value of the  warrants 
issued in the absence of information on the fair value of the services provided. 135 million warrants were exercised in 
the prior year and 65 million warrants were exercised during the year.  

Merger reserve 
The merger reserve arose from the acquisition of Rambler Mines Limited by Rambler Metals and Mining PLC. This 
acquisition was accounted for in accordance with the merger accounting principles set out in UK Financial Reporting 
Standard 6 and the Companies Act 1985, which continue under the Companies Act 2006, whereby the consolidated 
financial  statements  were  presented  as  if  the  business  previously  carried  out  through  Rambler  Mines  Limited  had 
always  been  owned  and  controlled  by  the  Company.  The  transition  provisions  of  IFRS  1  allow  all  business 
combinations prior to transition to IFRS to continue to be accounted for under the requirements of UK GAAP at that 
time. Accordingly this acquisition has not been re-stated in accordance with that standard. 

Translation reserve  
The  translation  reserve  comprises  all  foreign  exchange  differences  arising  from  the  translation  of  the  financial 
statements of the parent company which has a different functional currency from the presentation currency. Exchange 
differences  arising  are  classified  as  equity  and  transferred  to  the  Group’s  translation  reserve.  Such  translation 
differences are recognised in the income statement in the period of disposal of the operation. 

Fair value reserve 
The fair value reserve comprises cumulative adjustments made to the fair value of equity investments. 

Capital management 
The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern 
so that it can continue to increase the value of the entity for the benefit of the shareholders.  Given the nature of the 
Group’s current activities the entity will remain dependent on a mixture of debt and equity funding until such a time 
as the Group becomes self-financing from the commercial production of mineral resources. 

The Group’s capital was as follows:  

Cash and cash equivalents 

Finance leases 

Advance purchase facility 

Government assistance 

Loan from related party 

Sandstorm loan 

Gold streaming 

Net debt 

Equity 

Total capital 

Page 68 

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

               241  

           3,351  

          (3,707) 

          (4,570) 

          (3,864) 

          (3,997) 

             (796) 

             (390) 

          (1,733) 

          (1,002) 

          (1,505) 

                  -    

       (10,343) 

       (13,476) 

       (21,171) 

       (20,084) 

       (47,216) 

       (64,734) 

       (69,923) 

       (84,818) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

19.  Loss per share 

Basic loss per share 
The calculation of basic earnings per share at December 31, 2018 was based on the loss attributable to ordinary 
shareholders of $20.0 million (2017: US$4.1 million) and a weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding 
during the year ended December 31, 2018 of 613.7 million (2017: 535.7 million) calculated as follows: 

Loss attributable to ordinary shareholders 

Loss for the period attributable to ordinary shareholders 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares  

At January 1, 2017 
Effect of shares issued during the year 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares at December 31, 2017 

In issue at January 1, 2018 
Effect of shares issued during period 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares at December 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

        (20,046) 

          (4,148) 

Number ‘000 

           414,290  

           121,383  

           535,673  

           549,740  

             63,983  

           613,723  

For the year ended 31 December 2018, because there would be a further reduction in loss per share resulting from the 
assumption that share options, warrants and convertible loan are exercised or converted,  all these instruments are 
considered anti-dilutive and are ignored in the computation of loss per share. As there were no other instruments that 
may have a potentially dilutive impact, the basic and diluted loss per share is the same for the year-ended 31 December 
2018.  At December 31, 2018 there were 20,677,000 (December 31, 2017: 13,014,000) share options in issue of which 
none (December 31, 2017: 4,742,472) were considered to be dilutive. At December 31, 2018 there were no warrants 
outstanding (December 31, 2017: 65,000,000) warrants in issue of which nil were considered to be dilutive (December 
31, 2017: 29,649,555). 

20.  Trade and other payables  

Trade payables 
Other payables 
Accrued expenses 

Dec 31, 2018  Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 
     8,314  
     1,022  
     1,859  

   11,195  

US$’000 
     5,383  
        320  
     1,611  

     7,314  

Other payables include payroll taxes and social contribution in relation to Rambler Metals and Mining 
Canada Limited 

RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

Page 69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

21.  Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 
This note provides information about the contractual terms of the Group’s interest-bearing loans and borrowings. For 
more information about the Group’s exposure to interest rate and foreign currency risk, see note 24. 

Non-current liabilities 
Sandstorm loan 

Government assistance 

Advance purchase facility 

Finance lease liabilities 

Current liabilities 
Sandstorm loan 

Government assistance 

Loan from related party 

Advance purchase facility 

Finance lease liabilities 

Sandstorm Loan 

Dec 31, 2018  Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

              790  

                  -    

              777  

              390  

           1,094  

           2,682  

           2,047  

           3,000  

           4,708  

           6,072  

              715  

                  -    

                19  

                  -    

           1,733  

           1,002  

           2,770  

           1,315  

           1,660  

           1,570  

           6,897  

           3,887  

In December 2018, Company received a loan of US$1.5 million carrying interest rate of 9.5% per annum.  The loan is 
repayable by twenty-one monthly instalments of US$ 69,000 including interest after the first interest payment of US$ 
0.2m which was paid on 1 April 2019. 

Government Assistance 

During  the  year  the  Company  received  US$632,000  in  interest  free  repayable  contributions  from  a  Canadian 
government  agency.  Contributions  to  a  total  of  US$1.25  million  are  available  in  support  of  the  Phase  II  expansion 
project for the mine. The contributions are repayable over eight years from May 2019. 

The fair value of the contributions received calculated at a market interest rate of 10% have been classified as a 
financial liability with the difference between the fair value and the amount received credited against the cost of 
assets under construction. 

Related party loan 

CE Mining III Rambler Limited 

In November 2018 the Company received a convertible loan of US$2 million from CE Mining III Rambler Limited with 
the maturity of one year. The loan is unsecured, convertible at the option of CE Mining III Rambler Limited on or before 
November 26, 2019 at share price of C$0.05. It carries interest at 10.0% per annum. Expenses worth US$0.3 million 
were spent with regards to the loan, these expenses have been classified as deferred expenses and will be amortised 
during  the  loan  term.  At  31st  December  2018  the  balance  was  US$1.7  including  interest  of  US$0.02  million  and 
deferred  cost  of  US$0.3  million.  The  fair  value  of  the  conversion  option  was  calculated  line  to  be  immaterial  with 
reference to a normal loan without conversion option. 

CE Mining II Rambler Limited 

In October 2017 the company received a loan of US$1 million from CE Mining II Rambler Limited. The loan was 
unsecured and carried interest at 9.5% per annum. In June 2018 Company repaid U$1.0 million including interest. 

RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

Page 70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)  
21.  Interest-bearing loans and borrowings (continued) 
Advance Purchase Facility 

During the year 2017 the Company repaid the balance of the advance purchase facility originally signed in July 2015 
and in December 2017 the Group entered into another amended and restated purchase agreement with Transamine 
Trading S.A. (“Transamine”).  

Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement, Transamine agreed to purchase in advance, at Rambler’s option, 
up to US$4 million of concentrate (the “Advance Purchase Payments”) to be used for working capital requirements. 

At  December  31,  2018  the  balance  was  US$3.8  million.  The  loan  is  repayable  by  eighteen  monthly  instalments  of 
US$222,222 plus interest at 6.75% per annum commencing June 28, 2018. 

Finance lease liabilities 
Finance lease liabilities are payable as follows: 

Minimum lease 
Payments 

Interest 

Principal 

Minimum lease 
Payments 

Interest 

Principal 

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 
2018 

Dec 31, 
2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

Dec 31, 
2017 

Dec 31, 
2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

Less than one year 

        1,791  

           131  

        1,660  

        1,743  

           173  

        1,570  

Between one and five years 

        2,118  

              71  

        2,047  

        3,146  

           146  

        3,000  

        3,909  

           202  

        3,707  

        4,889  

           319  

        4,570  

Under the terms of the lease agreements, no contingent rents are payable. The finance lease liabilities are secured on 
the underlying assets.  

22.  Gold streaming 

Fair Value of Gold Loan liability opening balance 

Movement in fair value of gold loan 

Gold payment for the year 

Fair Value of Gold Loan liability closing balance 

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

        13,476  

  15,449  

        (1,323) 

      (566) 

        (1,810) 

   (1,407) 

        10,343  

  13,476  

In  March  2010,  the  Company  entered  into  an  agreement  (“Gold  streaming”)  with  Sandstorm  Resources  Ltd. 
(‘Sandstorm’) to sell a portion of the life-of-mine gold production from its Ming Mine. 

Under the terms of the agreement Sandstorm made staged upfront cash payments for the gold to the Company totalling 
US$20 million.  

For  this,  in  each  production  year  following  the  first  year  of  production,  until  175,000  oz  of  payable  gold  has  been 
produced, the Company has agreed to sell to Sandstorm, at market price,  a percentage equal to 25% x (85% divided 
by  the  actual  percentage  of  metallurgical  recovery  of  gold  realized  in  the  immediately  preceding  production  year) 
provided that, if the payable gold production in any production year after the third production year is less than 15,000 
ounces, then in each such production year, Sandstorm payable gold shall not be less than 25% of the payable gold.  
The percentage of payable gold of 25% falls to 12% after 175,000 oz of payable gold has been produced and remains  

Page 71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

22.  Gold streaming (continued) 

payable for the remainder of the period ending 40 years after the date of the agreement. After the expiry of the 40 year 
term, the agreement is renewable in 10 year terms at the option of Sandstorm. Rambler purchases the payable gold 
from the market and repayment is made in kind to Sandstorm. 

At  December  31,  2018,  the  Company  has  produced  46,526  payable  ounces  of  gold  of  which  14,535  ounces  were 
transferrable to Sandstorm under the agreement as follows: 

Production year 

Payable gold 
ounces produced 

Ounces 
transferrable 

Pre-production 
1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6  
7 (to date) 
Total 

15,429 
4,888 
5,945 
5,408 
6,905 
3,040 
     3,889 
   1,022 
46,526 

4,937 
1,280 
1,904 
1,689 
2,069 
955 
     1,342 
   359 
14,535 

The Gold streaming is accounted for as a financial liability carried at fair value through profit and loss. The liability is 
based on management’s best estimate of the time of delivery of payable gold, the total amount of gold expected to be 
produced over the life of the mime, the timing of production, the Company’s view on forecast gold prices and the rate 
implicit in the loan at the date of inception. 

The movement in the fair value of the liability recognised in the income statement during the period was a credit of 
US$1.3 million (2017: US$0.6 million charge).  

The Gold streaming is secured by a fixed and floating charge over the assets of the Group. 

23.  Provision 

Reclamation and closure provision  

Opening balance 

Unwinding of discount (note 8) 

Effect of movements in foreign exchange 

Ending balance 

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

        1,961  

        1,804  

              50  

              28  

          (156) 

           129  

        1,855  

        1,961  

The reclamation and closure provision has been made in respect of costs of land restoration and rehabilitation expected 
to be incurred at the end of the Ming Mine’s expected useful life of 20 years. The provision has been calculated based 
on the present value of the expected future cash flows discounting at 3.02% associated with reclamation and closure 
activities  as required  by  the Government  of Newfoundland and  Labrador. The provision relates to restoration  of all 
three sites associated with the Ming Mine project: mill, mine and port sites. The liability is secured by Letters of Credit 
for US$3.5 million.  

Page 72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

24.  Financial instruments 

The  Group’s  principal  financial  assets  comprise:  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  restricted  cash,  equity  investments, 
derivative financial instruments and other receivables. In addition the Company’s financial assets include amounts due 
from subsidiaries. The Group and Company’s financial liabilities comprise: trade payables; other payables; and accrued 
expenses. The Group’s financial liabilities also include interest bearing loans and borrowings and Gold streaming. 

All  of  the  Group’s  and  Company’s  financial  liabilities  are  measured  at  amortised  cost 
with  the  exception  of  Gold 
streaming as described in note 22 and their financial assets are classified as loans and receivables and measured at 
amortised cost with the exception of equity investments and derivative financial instruments as described in notes 13 
and 16 respectively. 

The Group held the following categories of financial instruments at December 31, 2018:

Financial assets 

Assets at fair value through profit and loss: 
Derivative financial instruments – level 2 fair value 

Equity investments: 

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

              730  

           1,830  

Investment in quoted equity securities – level 1 fair value 

              102  

              610  

Loans and receivables: 
Trade receivables 

Other receivables 

Sales taxes recoverable 

Cash at bank 

Restricted cash 

Total financial assets 

Liabilities at amortised cost or equivalent: 

Trade payables 

Other payables 

Accrued expenses 

Loans and borrowings 

Liabilities at fair value through P&L 
Gold streaming 

Total financial liabilities 

                  -    

 -  

              349  

              260  

              672  

              412  

              241  

           3,351  

           3,247  

           3,530  

           4,509  

           7,553  

           5,341  

           9,993  

Dec 31, 2018  Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

         (8,314) 

         (5,383) 

         (1,022) 

             (320) 

         (1,859) 

         (1,611) 

       (11,605) 

         (9,959) 

       (22,800) 

       (17,273) 

       (10,343) 

(13,476) 

(33,143) 

(30,749) 

The carrying amounts of financial instrument are representative of the fair value related to each class of financial assets 
and liabilities in both years. 

Page 73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

24.  Financial instruments (continued) 

The board of directors determines, as required, the degree to which it is appropriate to use financial instruments and 
hedging techniques to mitigate risks. The main risks for which such instruments may be appropriate are liquidity risk, 
credit risk and market risk which includes foreign currency risk, interest rate risk and commodity price risk each of which 
is discussed below. 

Liquidity risk 

With  finite  cash  resources  the  liquidity  risk  is  significant.  This  risk  is  managed  by  controls  over  expenditure  and 
concentrating  on  achieving  the  payment  milestones  under  the  financing  arrangement.  Success  will  depend  largely 
upon the outcome of on-going and future exploration and development programmes.  Given the nature of the Group’s 
current activities the entity will remain dependent on a mixture of debt and equity funding in the short to medium term 
until such time as the Group becomes self-financing from the commercial production of mineral resources. The liabilities 
of the parent company are due within one year.  The parent company has adequate financial resources to meet the 
obligations existing at December 31, 2018. 

Fixed rate financial liabilities 
At the year end the analysis of finance leases and hire purchase contracts which were all due in Canadian Dollars and 
are at fixed interest rates was as follows: 

Due within one year 
Due within one to two years 
Due within two to three years 
Due within three to four years 
Due within four to five years 
Due after five years 

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 
        4,491  
        3,514  

US$’000 

          3,306  
          4,402  

            857  

          1,317  

            190  

             408  

            151  

                81  

            499  

             352  

        9,702  

          9,866  

The average fixed interest rate for the finance leases and hire purchase contracts outstanding at December 31, 2018 
was 5.1% (2017: 5.3%). 

Credit risk 
The Group generally holds the majority of its cash resources in Canadian dollars given that the majority of the Group’s 
outgoings  are  denominated  in  this  currency.    Given  the  current  climate,  the  Group  has  taken  a  very  risk  averse 
approach to management of cash resources and management and Directors monitor events and associated risks on 
a continuous basis. There is little perceived credit risk in respect of trade and other receivables (see note 15). The 
Group maximum exposure to credit risk at December 31, 2018 was represented by receivables and cash resources. 

Market risk 

Foreign currency risk 
The  Company  has  a  small  amount  of  cash  resources  and  certain  liabilities  including  the  Gold  streaming  and  the 
advance  purchase  facility  denominated  in  US  dollars.  All  other  assets  and  liabilities  are  denominated  in  Canadian 
dollars  and  GB  pounds.  Revenue  is  generated  in  US  dollars  while  the  majority  of  the  expenditure  is  incurred  in 
Canadian dollars and, to a lesser extent, GB pounds. The Company has a downside exposure to any strengthening 
of the Canadian Dollar or GB pound as this  would  increase expenses in US dollar terms. This risk is mitigated by 
reviewing the holding of cash balances in Canadian Dollars and GB pounds.  Any weakening of the Canadian Dollar 
or GB pound would however result in the reduction of the expenses in US dollar terms.  In addition movements in the 
Canadian dollar and GB pound/US Dollar exchange rates would affect the Consolidated Balance Sheet. 

Page 74 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

24.  Financial instruments (continued) 

Market risk (continued) 

Foreign currency risk (continued) 

The policy  in relation to the translation of foreign currency assets and  liabilities is set out in note  2(d), 'Accounting 
Policies Foreign Currency' to the consolidated financial statements. 

The Group does not hedge its exposure of foreign investments held in foreign currencies. There is no significant impact 
on profit or loss from foreign currency movements associated with the Parent company’s assets and liabilities as the 
foreign currency gains or losses are recorded in the translation reserve.  

Exchange rate fluctuations may adversely affect the Group’s financial position and results. The following table details 
the Group’s sensitivity to a 10% strengthening and weakening in the GB pound and Canadian Dollar against the US 
Dollar. 10% represents management’s assessment of the reasonable possible exposure.  

10% strengthening of GB pound 
10% weakening of GB pound 
10% strengthening of Canadian dollar 

10% weakening of Canadian dollar 

At the period end the cash and short term deposits were as follows: 

Canadian $ 

US $ 

Sterling 

Equity 

Dec 31, 2018  Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 
          (199) 

US$’000 

             (17) 

           181  

              16  

          (979) 

          (295) 

           890  

            269  

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

 105 

 - 

136  

241 

644 

2,692 

15 

3,351 

Interest rate risk 
The  Group's  policy  is  to  retain  its  surplus  funds  on  the  most  advantageous  term  of  deposit  available  up  to  twelve 
month's maximum duration.  Details of the Group’s borrowings are described in note 21. 

If the interest rate on deposits were to fluctuate by 1% there would be no material effect on the Group’s and Company’s 
reported results. 

Commodity price risk 
Commodity price risk is the risk that the Group’s future earnings will be adversely impacted by changes in the market 
prices of commodities. The Group is exposed to commodity price risk as its future revenues will be derived based on 
contracts with customers at prices that will be determined by reference to market prices of copper and gold at the 
delivery date. 

Page 75 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

24  Financial instruments (continued) 

Commodity price risk (continued) 

As explained in note 3 the Group calculates the fair value of the Gold streaming based on estimates of future cash 
flows  arising  from  the  sale  of  payable  gold.  In  estimating  the  cash  flows  the  following  table  details  the  Group’s 
sensitivity to a 10% increase and a 25% decrease in the price of gold. These percentages represent management’s 
assessment of the reasonable possible exposure. 

10% increase in the price of gold 

25% decrease in the price of gold 

Gross assets 

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

      (1,212) 

       (1,348) 

        3,029  

         3,369  

Receivables in respect of the sale of copper concentrate which contain an embedded derivative linking them to future 
commodity prices are measured at fair value through profit and loss and are treated as derivative financial assets or 
liabilities. In estimating the value of the derivative the following table details the Group’s sensitivity to a 5% increase 
and a 5% decrease in the price of copper, gold and silver. These percentages represent management’s assessment 
of the reasonable possible exposure. 

5% increase in the price of copper, gold and silver 

5% decrease in the price of copper, gold and silver 

Gross assets 

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

918  

            587  

               (918)    

          (587) 

Financial assets 
The floating rate financial assets comprise interest earning bank deposits at rates set by reference to the prevailing 
LIBOR or equivalent to the relevant country.  Fixed rate financial assets are cash held on fixed term deposit. 

Fair values 
In the directors’ opinion there is no material difference between the book value and fair value of any of the 
Company’s financial instruments. 

Page 76 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
          
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

25.  Related parties 

Identity of related parties 
The Group has a related party relationship with its subsidiaries and with its directors and executive officers. 

Transactions with key management personnel 
The directors’ compensations were as follows: 

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

US$’000 

US$’000 

              255  

              242  

                 21  

                 19  

                 21  

                 19  

                 86  

                 19  

                 21  

                 19  

                 17  

                 15  

                 21  

                 19  

              442  

              352  

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

No. 

‘000 

No. 

‘000 

           7,800  

           4,575  

           7,800  

           4,575  

Dec 31, 2018 

Dec 31, 2017 

$’000 

$’000 

              585  

              508  

              27  

              116  

26 

58 

              728  

              592  

Salary – executive 
N Williams* 

Fees – non-executive 
B A Mills 
B Labatte 
M V Sander 
T I Ackerman 
G Poulter 

E C Chen 

Share options held by directors were as follows: 

N Williams 

Short term employee benefits 
Social security costs 
Share based payments 

*Norman Williams resigned as a director from 31st March 2019. 

Page 77 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

25.  Related parties (continued) 

Subsidiaries 
The company has interests in the following material subsidiary undertakings, which are included in the consolidated 
financial statements. 

Name 

Class 

Holding 

Activity 

Country of 
Incorporation  

Registered address 

Rambler Mines Limited 

Ordinary 

100% 

Holding company 

England 

Rambler Metals and 
Mining Canada Limited 

Common 

100% 
(indirectly) 

Exploration, 
development and 
mining 

Canada 

1948565 Ontario  Inc. 

Common 

100% 

Exploration 

Canada 

3 Sheen Road 
Richmond Upon 
Thames, Surrey 
TW9 1AD 

PO Box 610 
Baie Verte, NL A0K 
1B0 
PO Box 610 
Baie Verte, NL A0K 
1B0 

CE Mining II Rambler Limited is a controlling shareholder of the Company. Details of related party transactions with 
CE Mining II Rambler Limited are included in note 21. 

Ultimate and controlling party 

CE Mining II Rambler had shareholding of 60% as of 31st December 2018. 

26.  Subsequent events  

• 

• 

In January 2019 the Company, via its wholly-owned subsidiary, Rambler Metals and Mining Canada 
Limited, received a bridge loan from CE Mining III Rambler Limited (“CEIII”) of US$1 million bearing 
interest  of  10%  per  annum  in  support  of  short-term  working  capital  requirements  at  its  Canadian 
operation. 

In  March  2019  the  Company  closed  a  private  placement  funding  of  US$11  million  by  way  of  an 
issuance  of  599,781,897  new  ordinary  shares  in  the  capital  of  Rambler  at  a  subscription  price  of 
US$0.018  (£0.014)  per  ordinary  share.  The  proceeds  of  the  subscription  were  for  working  capital 
purposes and to repay the US$1 million unsecured loan owing to CEIII. The loan was fully repaid in 
March2019 including interest. 

•  An  Open  Offer  for  shares  was  closed  in  April  2019  with  37,940,043  ordinary  shares  issued  for 

proceeds of £524,860.58. 

•  The shares of the company delisted from TSX Venture Exchange (TSXV) at the close of 15th January 
2019.  The  minimal  trading  activity  of  the  Company’s  Shares  on  the  TSXV  no  longer  justifies  the 
expense and administrative requirements associated with maintaining this dual listing. 

Page 78 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 

(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 

Year to 
December 31,  

Year to 
December 31,  

2018 

U$’000 

2017 

U$’000 

(Loss)/profit for the period 

             (4,591) 

             (2,799) 

Other comprehensive income 
Items that may be reclassified into profit or loss 

Exchange differences on translation into presentation currency 

             (4,271) 

               6,603  

Other comprehensive profit/(loss) for the year 

             (4,271) 

               6,603  

Total comprehensive profit/(loss) for the year 

             (8,862) 

               3,804  

Page 79 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
REGISTERED NUMBER: 05101822 (ENGLAND AND WALES) 

RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 
As at December 31, 2018 
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 

Note 

December 31, 

December 31, 

Assets 

Investments 

Loans 

Deferred tax 

Total non-current assets 

Trade and other receivables 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets 

Total assets 

Liabilities 

Loan 

Trade and other payables 

Total current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Net current assets 

Net assets 

Equity 

Issued capital 

Share premium 

Warrants reserve 

Translation reserve 

Retained profit 

Total equity 

C2 

C2 

C3 

C4 

C5 

C5 

2018 

U$’000 

2017 

U$’000 

               1,449  

               1,532  

            73,509  

            71,458  

                      -    

               1,680  

            74,958  

            74,670  

                    13  

                    28  

                  136  

                    15  

                  149  

                    43  

            75,107  

            74,713  

               1,733  

                      -    

                  334  

                  217  

               2,067  

                  217  

               2,067  

                  217  

             (1,918) 

                (174) 

            73,040  

            74,496  

17 

               9,524  

               8,061  

            95,999  

            89,309  

                      -    

                  859  

           (10,870) 

             (6,599) 

           (21,613) 

           (17,134) 

            73,040  

            74,496  

As permitted by Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the profit and loss account of the company is not presented 
as part of these financial statements. The company's total comprehensive  loss for the financial  year  was US$8.9 
million (2017: profit of US$3.8 million). 

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD: 

A A Booyzen 
Director 
Approved and authorised for issue by the Board on June 4, 2018. 

Page 80 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

US$’000 

  Share capital  Share premium  Warrants reserve  Translation reserve  Accumulated losses 

Total 

Balance at January 1, 2017 

Comprehensive income 
Loss for the year 

         6,374  

        81,442  

         2,089  

       (13,202) 

      (14,394) 

        62,309  

                -    

                 -    

                -    

                  -    

        (2,799) 

        (2,799) 

Foreign exchange translation differences 

                -    

                 -    

                -    

           6,603  

                 -               6,603  

Total other comprehensive income 

                -    

                 -    

                -    

           6,603  

        (2,799) 

          3,804  

Total comprehensive loss for the year 

                -    

                 -    

                -    

           6,603  

        (2,799) 

          3,804  

Issue of share capital 
Share issue expenses 
Share based payments 

Transactions with owners 

         1,687  

          7,979  

       (1,230) 

                  -    

                 -               8,436  

                -    

            (112) 

                -    

                  -    

                 -                (112) 

                -    

                 -    

                -    

                  -    

               59  

                59  

         1,687  

          7,867  

       (1,230) 

                  -    

               59  

          8,383  

Balance at December 31, 2017 

         8,061  

        89,309  

            859  

          (6,599) 

      (17,134) 

        74,496  

Balance at January 1, 2018 

Comprehensive income 
Loss for the year 

         8,061  

        89,309  

            859  

          (6,599) 

      (17,134) 

        74,496  

                -    

                 -    

                -    

                  -    

        (4,591) 

        (4,591) 

Foreign exchange translation differences 

                -    

                 -    

                -    

          (4,271) 

                 -             (4,271) 

Total other comprehensive income 

                -    

                 -    

                -    

          (4,271) 

        (4,591) 

        (8,862) 

Total comprehensive loss for the year 

                -    

                 -    

                -    

          (4,271) 

        (4,591) 

        (8,862) 

Issue of share capital 
Warrants exercised 
Share issue expenses 
Share based payments 

Transactions with owners 

         1,463  

          5,847  

                -    

                  -    

                 -               7,310  

                -    

             859  

           (859) 

                  -    

                 -    

                 -    

                -    

              (16) 

                -    

                  -    

                 -                  (16) 

                -    

                 -    

                -    

                  -    

             112  

             112  

         1,463  

          6,690  

           (859) 

                  -    

             112  

          7,406  

Balance at December 31, 2018 

         9,524  

        95,999  

                -    

       (10,870) 

      (21,613) 

        73,040  

Page 81 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS  

For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 
(EXPRESSED IN US DOLLARS) 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Operating loss 

Share based payments 

Foreign exchange losses 

Decrease in debtors 

(Decrease)/increase in creditors 

Cash generated from operations 

Interest paid 

Net cash utilised in operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Advances to subsidiaries 

Loans repaid by subsidiaries 

Net cash utilised in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from the issue of share capital (note 18) 

Loan received 

Net cash generated from financing activities 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 

Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash held 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 

Year to 
December 31,  

Year to 
December 31,  

2018 

U$’000 

2017 

U$’000 

               (2,766) 

             (2,906) 

                    112  

                     59  

                 1,747  

               1,657  

                      15  

                     18  

                  (150) 

                     74  

               (1,072) 

             (1,098) 

                     (55) 

                      -    

               (1,127) 

             (1,098) 

               (8,879) 

             (9,133) 

                    827  

                  707  

               (8,040) 

             (8,426) 

                 7,294  

               8,323  

                 2,000  

                      -    

                 9,294  

               8,323  

                    127  

             (1,201) 

                      15  

               1,171  

                       (4) 

                     45  

                    136  

                     15  

Page 82 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

C1.  Accounting policies 

The accounting policies of the Company are consistent with those adopted by the Group with the addition of the 
following: 

Investments 
Investments are stated at their cost less impairment losses. 

C2.  Investments and loans 

Cost 
Balance at January 1, 2017 

Advances 

Repayments 

Effect of movements in foreign exchange 

Balance at December 31, 2017 

Balance at January 1, 2018 

Advances 

Repayments 

Effect of movements in foreign exchange 

Balance at December 31, 2018 

Investment in 
subsidiary 

Loans 

$’000 

$’000 

Total 

$’000 

        1,398  

        58,408  

        59,806  

               -    

          9,133  

          9,133  

               -    

            (707) 

            (707) 

            134  

          4,624  

          4,758  

        1,532  

        71,458  

        72,990  

        1,532  

        71,458  

        72,990  

               -    

          8,879  

          8,879  

               -    

            (839) 

            (839) 

            (83) 

        (5,989) 

        (6,072) 

        1,449  

        73,509  

        74,958  

The company has interests in the following subsidiary undertakings, which are included in the consolidated financial 
statements. 

Name 

Class 

Holding 

Activity 

Country of 
Incorporation  

Registered address 

Rambler Mines Limited 

Ordinary 

100% 

Holding company 

England 

Rambler Metals and 
Mining Canada Limited 

Common 

100% 
(indirectly) 

Exploration, 
development and 
mining 

Canada 

1948565 Ontario Inc. 

Common 

100% 

Exploration 

Canada 

The aggregate value of shares in subsidiary undertakings is stated at cost. 

The loans to the subsidiary undertakings are interest free. 

3 Sheen Road 
Richmond Upon 
Thames, Surrey 
TW9 1AD 

PO Box 610 
Baie Verte, NL A0K 
1B0 
PO Box 610 
Baie Verte, NL A0K 
1B0 

Page 83 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RAMBLER METALS AND MINING PLC 

NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

C3.  Deferred tax 

The Company has incurred losses which will be available for offset against future taxable profits. Given the Company 
does not generate any income to set off against the available losses the Company has completely written off the deferred 
tax asset of $1.7 million (2017: Nil) in current  year.  Therefore, deferred tax asset as at 31 December 2018  was Nil 
(2017: 1.7 million)  

C4.  Trade and other receivables 

Sales taxes recoverable 
Prepayments and accrued income 

C5.  Trade and other payables  

Loan 
Trade payables 
Accrued expenses 

C6. Related party transactions  

December  December 

31, 2018 

31, 2017 

$’000 

$’000 

              10  

              16  

                3  

              12  

              13  

              28  

December 
31, 2018 
$’000 

December 
31, 2017 
$’000 

        1,733  
           100  
           234  

               -    

67 
           150  

        2,067  

           217  

The Company has a related party relationship with its subsidiaries (see note C2) and with its directors and executive 
officers (see note 25). 

Transactions with subsidiary undertakings 
Details of loans advanced to subsidiary undertakings are included in note C2. 

Other related parties 
Transactions with other related parties are detailed in note 25. 

Page 84