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Rockhopper Exploration plc

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Rockhopper Exploration plc
Hilltop Park
Devizes Road
Salisbury 
SP3 4UF 
Telephone +44 (0)1722 414 419

Mediterranean office: 
Via Cornelia, 498
00166 Roma
Italia
Telephone +39 06 62290270

info@rockhopperexploration.co.uk
www.rockhopperexploration.co.uk

@RockhopperExplo

Company Reg. No. 05250250

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Building a well-funded,  
full-cycle, exploration  
led E&P company

 Report and Accounts  
for the year ended 31 December 2015

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholder information 

Glossary

AGM 
bbl 
bcf 
Board 
boe 
boepd 
BOP 
bopd 
Capex 
Company 
E&P 
EIS 
ESA 
ExCo 
Farm-in 
Farm-out 
FDP 
FEED 
FID 
FIG 
FOGL 
FPSO 
G&A 
Group 
GSA 
HoA 
HSE 
IAS  
IFRS 
JV 
kboepd 
kbopd 
KPI 
LoI 
LTI 
LTIP  
MOG 
mmbbls 
mmboe 
mmscfd 
mscf 
mt 
NAV 
Premier 
PSA 
PSC 
scm 
SIP 
spud 
STOIIP 
TSR 
2C 
2P 
$/US$ 
WI 

Annual General Meeting
barrel
billion cubic feet
the Board of Directors of Rockhopper Exploration plc
barrel(s) of oil equivalent
barrel(s) of oil equivalent per day
blow out preventer
barrel(s) of oil per day
capital expenditure
Rockhopper Exploration PLC
exploration and production
Environmental Impact Statement
Exploration Study Agreement
Executive Committee
to acquire an interest in a licence from another party
to assign an interest in a licence to another party
field development plan
front end engineering and design
Final Investment Decision
Falkland Islands Government
Falkland Oil & Gas Limited
floating production, storage and offtake vessel
General & Administration  expenses
The Company and its sunsidiaries
Gas Sales Agreement
Heads of Agreement
health, safety and environment
International Accounting Standard
International Financial Reporting Standard
Joint Venture
thousand barrels of oil equivalent per day
thousand barrels of oil per day
key performance indicator
Letter of Intent
Lost Time Incident
Long Term Incentive Plan
Mediterranean Oil & Gas plc
million barrels
million barrels of oil equivalent
million standard cubic feet per day
thousand standard cubic feet
metric tonne
net asset value
Premier Oil plc
Production Sharing Agreement
Production Sharing Contract
standard cubic metre
Share Incentive Plan
to commence drilling a well
stock-tank oil initially in place
total shareholder return
best estimate of contingent resources
proven plus probable
United States dollar
working interest

Key contacts

Registered address  
and head office:
Hilltop Park
Devizes Road
Salisbury
Wiltshire
SP3 4UF

Mediterranean office: 
Via Cornelia, 498
00166 Roma
Italia

Solicitors
Ashurst LLP
Broadwalk House
5 Appold Street
London
EC2A 2DA

Principal Bankers
Royal Bank of Scotland plc
36 St Andrew Square
Edinburgh
EH2 2YB

Nomad and joint broker
Canaccord Genuity Limited
88 Wood Street 
London 
EC2V 7QR

Auditor
KPMG LLP
15 Canada Square
London
E14 5GL

Registrar
Computershare Investor 
Services plc
Vintners Place
68 Upper Thames Street
London
EC4V 3BJ

Joint broker
Liberum Capital Limited
Ropemaker Place, Level 12
25 Ropemaker Street
London 
EC2Y 9LY

Joint broker
Merrill Lynch International
2 King Edward Street
London
EC1A 1HQ

Concerns and procedures

General emails
info@rockhopperexploration.co.uk

Audit committee emails
rkh@rockhopperexploration.co.uk

Website
www.rockhopperexploration.co.uk

Shareholder concerns:
Should shareholders have concerns which have not been 
adequately addressed by the chairman or chief executive,  
please contact the chairman of the audit committee at:
rkh@rockhopperexploration.co.uk

Whistle-blowing procedures:
Should employees, consultants, contractors or other 
interested parties have concerns which have not been 
adequately addressed by the chairman or chief executive, 
please contact the chairman of the audit committee at:
rkh@rockhopperexploration.co.uk

Designed and produced by JacksonBone Limited.
Printed in England by Synergy Group.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

89

 
Rockhopper Exploration plc (AIM: RKH)  
is an oil and gas exploration and production  
company with key interests in the North Falkland  
Basin and the Greater Mediterranean region.

Strategic Report

2015	highlights

STRATEGIC REPORT
2	
3	 Rockhopper	–	the	story	so	far
4	 Rockhopper	at	a	glance
6	 Objective,	strategy	and	business	model
8	 Chairman	and	Chief	Executive	Officer’s	Review
10	 Key	Performance	Indicators	(KPIs)
11	 Market	overview
12	 Chief	Operating	Officer’s	Review
18	 Chief	Financial	Officer’s	Review
21	
22	 Principal	risks	and	uncertainties	
24	 Health,	Safety,	Environmental	and	Social	Management	

Internal	controls	and	risk	management

GOVERNANCE
26	 Chairman’s	Governance	Report
28	 Board	of	Directors
30	 Corporate	Governance	Statement
33	 Remuneration	Report
46	 Statutory	information
48	

	Independent	auditor’s	report	to	the	
members	of	Rockhopper	Exploration	plc

ACCOUNTS
Group company financial statements
49	 Group	income	statement
49	 Group	statement	of	comprehensive	income
50	 Group	balance	sheet
51	 Group	statement	of	changes	in	equity
52	 Group	cash	flow	statement
53	 Notes	to	the	group	financial	statements

Parent company financial statements
76	 Company	balance	sheet
77	 Company	statement	of	changes	in	equity
78	 Company		cash	flow	statement
79	 Notes	to	the	company	financial	statements

88	 Key	licence	interests	as	at	1	April	2016
89	 Shareholder	information

Rockhopper Exploration plc 
Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 
Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

1
1

Strategic Report

2015 highlights

>  Significant progress in advancing the Sea Lion development 

  ≥  Pre-FEED work for Phase 1 completed

  ≥  FEED contracts awarded to a set of world class contractors

  ≥  Modified project scope and cost improvements have enhanced project 

economics and lowered break-even oil price

  ≥  Draft Field Development Plan submitted to the Falkland Islands Government

>  Material exploration successes at Zebedee and Isobel Deep

>  All-share merger with Falkland Oil & Gas Limited (completed post the year end)

  ≥  Consolidates Rockhopper’s leading North Falkland Basin acreage position

>  Significant production increase achieved in Greater Mediterranean portfolio

  ≥  Exit 2015 production rate in excess of 700 boepd

  ≥  Completion of Guendalina side track

  ≥  First gas achieved at Rockhopper operated Civita field

>  Confirmation of Falkland Islands tax deferment

>   Balance sheet strength maintained with cash resources  

at 31 December 2015 of US$110 million

2 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

Rockhopper – the story so far

Q1 2016

2015

Sea Lion enters FEED
Sea Lion project enters FEED with set of world-
class contractors.

Rockhopper completes merger with Falkland Oil 
& Gas following shareholder approval from both 
Rockhopper and FOGL shareholders.

2014

2013

Acquisition of MOG 
In May, Rockhopper announced a recommended 
cash and share offer to acquire AIM listed 
Mediterranean Oil & Gas plc. The transaction 
completed in August. Through the acquisition 
Rockhopper acquired a 2P/2C resource base of  
32.5 million barrels of oil equivalent and a portfolio 
of production, development, appraisal and 
exploration interests in Italy, Malta and France.

In November, and in response to a significant 
reduction in the global price for oil, Rockhopper 
and Premier announce a lower cost, phased 
development concept for Sea Lion.

2012

2011

Farm-Out
In July, Rockhopper announced it had entered  
into a farm-out agreement with Premier Oil 
plc (“Premier”), whereby Premier acquired a 
60% operated interest in Rockhopper’s North 
Falkland Basin licences for undiscounted 
consideration of c.$1bn (comprising cash, 
development carry and exploration carry).

In recognition of Rockhopper’s unrivalled 
understanding of the North Falkland Basin, 
it was agreed that Rockhopper would retain 
the sub-surface lead in relation to future 
exploration activities.

Strategic Report

NFB exploration campaign commences 
In March, the Eirik Raude rig arrives in the 
North Falkland Basin to commence a multi-
well drilling campaign. Exploration successes 
at Zebedee and Isobel Deep with multiple oil 
discoveries made.

In November, Rockhopper announced the terms 
of its all-share merger with Falkland Oil & Gas. 
Through the merger with FOGL, Rockhopper 
consolidates its leading acreage and resource 
position in the North Falkland Basin.

Consolidates interests in NFB acreage 
Rockhopper consolidates its interests 
in the Falklands through the farm-in to 
acreage held by Desire Petroleum. As a 
result, Rockhopper increases its interests in 
licences PL004a, PL004b and PL004c to 24%.

Sea Lion Appraisal
Following the successful flow test in late 2010 
a further eight exploration and appraisal 
wells were drilled by Rockhopper across 
the complex, six of those being discoveries. 

In addition, Rockhopper participated  
in a further five non-operated wells. 

2010

Pre-2010

Sea Lion Discovery
In February, the Ocean Guardian drilling rig 
arrived in Falklands waters to carry out a 
multi-well programme on behalf of multiple 
operators. In the spring, Rockhopper (as 
operator) drilled its first exploration well on 
the Sea Lion prospect which resulted in an oil 
discovery. The well was successfully flow tested 
in September.

Founded in 2004
Rockhopper was founded in 2004 to undertake 
an offshore oil exploration programme in the 
North Falkland Basin. The Company floated on 
AIM in August 2005.

A 3D seismic survey was acquired and 
processed during 2007 with interpretation 
completed in August 2008.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

3

Strategic Report

Rockhopper at a glance

Falkland Islands

NORTH FALKLAND BASIN

SEA LION

Falkland Islands

Rockhopper Exploration plc 
(AIM: RKH) is an oil and gas 
exploration and production 
company with key interests  
in the North Falkland  
Basin and the Greater 
Mediterranean region.

STANLEY

SOUTH & EAST 
FALKLAND BASIN

0

100

Kilometers

Head Office
London and 
Salisbury, UK

Regional Office
Rome, Italy

Falkland Islands
Sea Lion phase 1 (PL032)
≥   40% working interest
≥   220 mmbbls gross*  

Sea Lion phase 2 (PL032/PL004)
≥   40-64% working interest†
≥   300 mmbbls gross*  

88 mmbbls net to Rockhopper*

120-192 mmbbls net to Rockhopper*

≥   Targeting FID in mid 2017
≥    First oil anticipated 2020

Phase 3 – Isobel-Elaine (PL004)
≥    64% working interest
≥   Isobel-Elaine 

Complex significantly  
de-risked during recent  
NFB exploration campaign

* Operator’s estimate
†   

Sea Lion phase 2 straddles licences PL032 in which  
Rockhopper holds a 40% interest and PL004 in  
which Rockhopper holds a 64% interest.

4 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
Strategic Report

Greater Mediterranean

Guendalina

AC 19PI

I

I

T

T

A

A

L

L

Y

Y

AR 81FR

AC 35AG

C
C

R
R

O
O

A
A

Block 9

T
T

I
I

A
A

BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA

BLOCK 9

Ombrina Mare

Civita

Civita
Aglavizza

Ombrina
Mare

Scanzano

Monte
Grosso

Area 3

Oil & gas discovery

Exploration

Production

0

100

Kilometers

Malta
Area 3
≥   40% working interest
≥   Exploration Study Agreement 

extended to end of 2016

Croatia
Block 9 
≥   40% working interest
≥   Signature of PSA expected  

during 2016

Italy
Guendalina
≥   20% working interest
≥    Northern Adriatic production

Ombrina Mare
≥   100% working interest
≥   Central Adriatic appraisal

Civita
≥   100% working interest
≥   Onshore gas production

Monte Grosso
≥   23% working interest
≥   Exploration stage

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

5

Strategic Report

Objective

Building a well-funded, full cycle, exploration led E&P company

Strategy

>  Balanced portfolio in core geographical areas

> Maintaining balance sheet strength

>  North Falkland Basin (“NFB”)  

and Mediterranean & North Africa

>  Strong balance sheet – end 2015  

cash $110 million

>  Building a balanced portfolio across  

>  Fully funded through Phase 1  

the asset life cycle

of Sea Lion via Development Carry  
and Standby Loan from Premier

>  Estimated revenue of $8-10 million in 2016

>  Opportunistically seeking to add low-cost, 

 low- commitment production and cash flow

Business model

Exploration

≥  High impact multi-well exploration programme successfully executed in North Falkland Basin

≥ > 60 mmbbl discovery at Zebedee

≥  Isobel Deep and Isobel-Elaine re-drill well significantly de-risked potential 500 mmbbl complex

6 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Strategic Report

> Value accretive exploration

>  Leveraging technical skill set

>  Focus on proven hydrocarbon basins

>  NFB emerging as world class resource 

 with billion barrel potential

>  Exploration opportunities progressing 

in Italy, Malta and Croatia

Target
value
accretive
exploration

Maintaining 
balance sheet 
strength

Creating
value

Balanced
 portfolio in core
 geographical
 areas

Development

≥  Sea Lion project enters FEED with  
set of world-class contractors

≥  Draft Field Development Plan  

submitted to FIG

≥  First gas achieved at Rockhopper  

operated Civita field in Italy

Production

≥  Material production and   
revenue increase during  
2015 as a result of  
Guendalina side track  
and first gas at Civita

≥  2015 exit production in  
excess of 700 boepd

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

7

Strategic Report

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer’s Review

Left: Pierre Jungels
Right: Samuel Moody

Chairman’s introduction
2015 has been transformational for your Company –  
this year we have consolidated our leading position in  
the North Falkland Basin; made a number of material  
oil discoveries in the Falklands and progressed the  
Sea Lion project into FEED.

Since its foundation in 2004, Rockhopper has evolved 
from a fledgling oil explorer to a leading UK listed 
independent oil and gas exploration company having 
discovered what we believe will likely become over a 
billion barrels of recoverable oil in the North Falkland 
Basin. With the Company having made such significant 
achievements in that period and having seen such 
success in the recent drilling programme, it now seems 
appropriate to announce my intention to retire from 
the Board following the Company’s forthcoming AGM 
on 17 May. It has been an immense privilege to serve 
as Chairman of your Company over the last 11 years, 
originally as Executive Chairman and then, since 2010,  
as Non-executive Chairman. 

I am delighted that David McManus will succeed me 
as Non-executive Chairman. David brings with him 
significant oil industry experience and, as a shareholder, 
I am confident that David will prove to be an excellent 
leader for your Board as Rockhopper continues to 
succeed and thrive. He provides superb continuity  
having been a non-executive director of your company  
for almost six years already.

Combination with Falkland Oil & Gas  
consolidates Rockhopper’s leading position  
in the North Falkland Basin
Your Board believes the combination of Rockhopper and 
Falkland Oil & Gas Limited (“FOGL”), completed in January 
2016, will create significant value for shareholders and 
allow Rockhopper to have materially more strategic 
influence over the future pace and direction of oil and  
gas development in the North Falkland Basin.

As a result of the combination, Rockhopper is now the 
largest North Falkland Basin licence and discovered 
resource holder with a material working interest in 
all key North Falkland Basin licences. Our enhanced 
interests provide us with a more strategic position in 
future farm-out discussions as well as providing us 
with a materially greater exposure to the upside in 
licence PL004, including the Isobel/Elaine complex 
which was significantly de-risked during the 2015/16 
exploration campaign.

Our North Falkland Basin exploration campaign  
has resulted in significant exploration successes  
at Zebedee and Isobel Deep
The Zebedee well has added at least 60 million barrels 
of recoverable oil to a Phase 2 development. The Isobel 
Deep well, which was the first test of the Isobel/Elaine 
fan complex, encountered oil-bearing sandstone at 
prognosed depth and opened up a new play in the 
previously underexplored southern part of licence PL004. 
The Isobel Deep prospect was re-drilled later in the 
campaign through the Isobel-Elaine well, which confirmed 
the results of the Isobel Deep exploration well and in 
addition discovered hydrocarbons in various shallower 
sandstones. The results of the Isobel-Elaine well, which 
did not penetrate an Oil Water Contact within any of the 
sands, indicate that the total oil column established by this 
well is likely to be in excess of 480 metres.

Unfortunately, due to material operational issues 
experienced with the drilling rig, the rig contract was 
terminated in February 2016. As a result, the last well 
of the proposed campaign, the Chatham well, was not 
drilled in the campaign, though it will likely be drilled as 
part of a development drilling programme relating to 
the Sea Lion project. Nonetheless, the highly successful 
well results achieved during the campaign support 
Rockhopper’s view that the North Falkland Basin 
has the potential to deliver multiple future phases of 
development and a billion barrels of recoverable oil.

8 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

Strategic Report

Sea Lion project progresses to FEED
Significant progress has been made to mature the 
development planning for the first phase of Sea 
Lion. Pre-FEED work was completed in late 2015 
and FEED contracts were awarded to a set of world-
class contractors in early 2016. Technical and cost 
improvements and efficiencies have been identified  
to enhance significantly the project economics 
and lower the break-even oil price. A draft Field 
Development Plan has been prepared and submitted  
to the Falkland Islands Government.

Revised commercial terms with Premier Oil were 
documented in line with the Heads of Agreement 
announced in November 2014. As a result, the 
joint venture partners now enjoy greater economic 
alignment to allow the project to progress.

Under the revised terms, Rockhopper will now access 
the full US$48 million Exploration Carry for the 
2015/16 campaign with the remaining Development 
Carry of US$674 million split equally between Phase 
1 (US$337 million) and the balance (US$337 million) 
deferred to the subsequent phase of development. 
Standby Finance arrangements have been simplified  
to a more traditional loan structure of up to  
US$750 million. In addition, Rockhopper will pay a 
Guarantee Fee to Premier for the provision of parent 
company guarantees, as required by contractors,  
on Rockhopper’s behalf. 

Production growth in the Greater Mediterranean
In our Mediterranean portfolio, whilst we were 
disappointed with the recent legislative changes in 
Italy, which have hampered our ability to progress 
the Ombrina Mare project, we have seen significant 
production growth at the Guendalina gas field and 
achieved first gas from the Rockhopper operated Civita 
gas field. Our interests in Guendalina and Civita are 
together estimated to generate gross revenues in the 
order of US$8-10 million in 2016 (based on current 
gas price, foreign exchange rate and production 
projections).

Corporate matters
As a result of the merger with FOGL, we are delighted that 
John Martin and Tim Bushell, previously Chairman and 
CEO respectively of FOGL, have joined the Rockhopper 
board as non-executive directors, effective 18 January 2016.

Your board has previously articulated the ambition to 
move Rockhopper to a Premium Listing on the Main 
Market of the London Stock Exchange in due course 
and discussions with the UK Listing Authority (“UKLA”) 
on this matter have been progressed. However, with 
the Company’s significant focus on the North Falkland 
Basin, it appears unlikely that Rockhopper will meet 
the strict criteria required to move to the Premium 
List during 2016. Specifically, given our material but 
non-operated interest in Sea Lion, Rockhopper is 
unable to demonstrate to the satisfaction of the UKLA 

a controlling interest in the majority of its assets. 
Likewise, our Mediterranean portfolio is seen by the 
UKLA as insufficient in scale (relative to our interests in 
Sea Lion) to meet the strict spread of assets test. Whilst 
a Standard Listing on the Main Market could be pursued 
at this time, the Board does not believe that this would 
achieve the longer-term benefits being sought. As 
circumstances change, the Company will re-engage 
with the UKLA regarding eligibility for a Premium 
Listing and the Board will re-consider the matter as 
appropriate. Our commitment to the highest standards 
of corporate governance remains firmly in place.

Outlook
The FEED process for Sea Lion is anticipated to take 
approximately 15 months to complete and we expect 
further cost reduction opportunities to be pursued 
during that time as we move towards a project 
sanction decision point in mid-2017. While the spot 
price for Brent Crude is around US$40 per barrel 
today, the most important factors when considering 
the investment economics for large-scale offshore 
projects such as Sea Lion, are the long-term oil price 
outlook and the cost reductions that can be achieved.

Premier Oil has confirmed its intention to seek an 
additional partner ahead of taking project sanction and 
Rockhopper will support Premier Oil in this initiative.

Our Greater Mediterranean business has seen a step-
change in production having achieved an exit rate for 
2015 of over 700 barrels of oil equivalent per day. We 
will continue to pursue opportunities which add low-
cost, value-accretive production to our portfolio whilst 
preserving our strong balance sheet.

Dr Pierre Jungels cbe	
Chairman 

Samuel Moody
Chief Executive Officer

12 April 2016

Retirement of Pierre Jungels 
I would like to pay tribute to Pierre, who is standing down at this year’s AGM 
having been with Rockhopper for over ten years. Pierre has been an immense 
help to all of us and in particular to me personally as we have grown the 
company from an idea in 2004 into the full cycle E&P business it is today. 
Pierre’s appointment brought genuine industry gravitas to Rockhopper when 
it was in its infancy, and under his leadership the company has achieved 
many milestones, from its early days when we obtained the old Shell acreage 
through the transformational discovery of Sea Lion, and onto the subsequent 
successful drilling programmes we undertook. 

On Pierre’s watch we have also been active deal doers both in the Falklands 
and other regions, with the acquisitions of both MOG and FOGL bringing 
additional depth to our resources and significantly our first production. These 
achievements are a great reflection on Pierre, who helped set so much of our 
direction of travel over the last decade. The greatest compliment I can pay 
Pierre is that he leaves us in fantastic shape as a company and we wish him  
all the best for his future endeavours.  
Sam Moody

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

9

Strategic Report

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

KPIs provide a guide of management ability to successfully deliver  
against pre-defined strategic objectives. 

KPIs for the period ended 31 December 2015 were based around certain short-term targets  
designed to ensure the Company achieves its long-term strategy.

For the year ending 31 December 2016, KPIs have again been set based on short-term targets  
designed to ensure the Company achieves its long-term strategy.

Definition

Performance

Attainment

Completion of a safe and successful  
exploration campaign in the North Falkland 
Basin.

Oil discoveries were made in each of the  
three wells drilled during the North 
Falkland Basin exploration campaign and 
the Isobel-Elaine complex was significantly 
de-risked.

There have been no HSE incidents.

Fully achieved

Achievement of specific milestones for the 
Final Investment Decision on the Sea Lion 
Development.

Pre-FEED work completed. Project entered  
FEED with a set of world class contractors.

Draft Field Development Plan prepared and 
submitted to the FIG.

Fully achieved

New venture activity to enhance the  
Company’s portfolio of assets in its strategic 
areas of interest.

All share merger with Falkland Oil & Gas  
Limited enhanced and consolidated 
Rockhopper’s leading position in the  
North Falkland Basin.

Partially achieved

2015

KPI #1

KPI #2

KPI #3

KPI #4

Progressing funding alternatives for the 
uncarried Sea Lion development costs.

Material reduction in capital costs per barrel 
achieved through the pre-FEED work. Further 
capital cost per barrel reductions expected.

Preliminary discussions initiated with a range  
of commercial banks to test appetite to lend to 
the Sea Lion project.

Partially achieved

2016

KPI #1

KPI #2

KPI #3

KPI #4

Definition

Bringing an additional paying partner into the Sea Lion Development Project.

Completion of a Competent Person’s Report that meets specific objectives set by the Board.

Achievement of production related targets.

Achievement of specific milestones for the Final Investment Decision for the Sea Lion Development.

10 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

Strategic Report

Market overview

A summary of the global oil and gas market 

Economic overview
≥ Dramatic decline in crude oil prices
≥ Chinese growth continues to cool
≥ Eurozone instability
≥ Moderate growth in the US

Equity markets
≥ Strong equity market performance across  
most major indices January to May 2015

≥ Significant correction mid year due to increasing 

concerns around the Chinese economy

≥ Investor sentiment for the oil and gas sector  
remained muted through the year given  
commodity price declines

Oil price
≥ Continued decline in crude oil prices throughout  
the year from US$55 per barrel in January 2015  
to around US$37 per barrel in December 2015

≥ Driven by oversupply concerns and demand  

uncertainty

≥ Oil prices fell further in early January 2016 to  

below US$30 per barrel, recovering somewhat  
to US$40 per barrel in late March 2016
≥ “Lower for longer” new industry mantra

Industry costs
≥ Reduction in industry costs in line with fall  

in commodity prices (with a time lag)

≥ Driven by capital expenditure reductions, project 
deferrals and increasing competition between 
contractors and suppliers

≥ Further weakness in industry cost structure  

expected through 2016

M&A
≥ Weak merger and acquisition market generally
≥ Disconnect between buyers’ and sellers’ oil price  

outlook given recent volatility

≥ Corporate transactions dominated by Shell’s  

acquisition of BG and Repsol’s acquisition of Talisman

≥ Industry farm-out market limited to select  

geographic “hot spots”

≥ Increasing number of financially distressed  
situations as oil price weakness persists

Market trends over time

Brent Oil price (monthly average)

IHS CERA Cost Indices

120

100

80

60

40

)
l
b
b
r
e
p
$
S
U

(

t
n
e
r
B

Brent

Brent Futures

250

200

150

100

Capital costs

Operating costs

4
1
r
a
M

5
1
r
a
M

6
1
r
a
M

7
1
r
a
M

8
1
r
a
M

9
1
r
a
M

0
2
r
a
M

1
2
r
a
M

0
0
0
2

5
0
0
2

0
1
0
2

5
1
0
2

Source: Bloomberg

Source: IHS CERA

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report

Chief Operating Officer’s Review

“ Rockhopper is immensely 
proud of the results of the 
exploration campaign and we 
look forward to incorporating 
the results of these wells into 
our regional data set”

Fiona MacAulay

Following completion of Rockhopper’s merger with 

FOGL, Rockhopper is the largest North Falkland 
Basin licence holder with a material working 
interest in all key licences as well as operatorship  
of PL003a, PL003b and PL005.

Sea Lion development significantly de-risked 
In January 2016, we were delighted to announce that 
the Sea Lion Phase 1 development project had entered 
the Front End Engineering and Design (“FEED”) 
stage. The Sea Lion Phase 1 development definition 
phase was completed in late 2015 and significant 
improvements have been identified to enhance overall 
project economics in response to the lower oil price 
environment. Highlights of the Phase 1 development 
include:

•  Recoverable resources to be commercialised 
increased from 160 mmbbls to approximately  
220 mmbbls (operator’s estimate).

•  Field peak production increased from  

approximately 60,000 to 85,000 bbls per day.

•  Field life increased from 15 to 20 years.

•  Well count increasing from 14 to 18,  
with 13 wells drilled pre-first oil.

•  Despite the increase in scope, the estimate of pre-

first oil capex requirement remains at US$1.8 billion, 
equivalent to approximately US$8 per barrel –  
a 30% reduction in pre-first oil capex per barrel. 
Further cost reductions are expected given the 
current market environment.

•  Significant improvement in project economics for 

both partners resulting in a materially lower break-
even oil price for the project.

On the basis of the improved project, a Floating 
Production Storage and Offloading (“FPSO”) FEED 
contract was entered into with SBM Offshore, with 
work anticipated to take between 15 and 18 months 
to complete. Subsequently, the FEED contract for 
SURF Transport and Installation was entered into with 
Subsea7, for Flexibles with National Oilwell Varco and  
for the Subsea Production System with One Subsea.

An application has also been made to the Falkland 
Islands Government (“FIG”) to extend the licence for  
the Sea Lion Discovery Area in PL032. 

A draft Field Development Plan (“FDP”) has been 
prepared and submitted to FIG. 

A project sanction decision point is now targeted for 
mid-2017, which if achieved would result in a target first 
oil date during 2020. The extensive pre-FEED project 
optimisation has enabled the FEED contracts to be fully 
matured with a significant impact on future costs.

North Falkland Basin exploration campaign 
successfully completed
The North Falkland Basin exploration campaign 
commenced in February 2015 using the Eirik Raude rig. 

On 2 April 2015, Rockhopper announced the results of 
the Zebedee well in PL004b (Rockhopper 64% working 
interest following completion of merger with FOGL). The 
well discovered 27.9 metres of net oil-bearing reservoir 
and 18.5 metres of net gas-bearing reservoir. The well 
penetrated multiple targets in the Cretaceous F2 and F3 
formations and has added approximately 50 mmbbls of 
recoverable resource from the main Zebedee sand alone 
with additional significant pay sections in the Hector 
and Ninky South fans. Following plug and abandonment 
operations at Zebedee, the rig moved to the Isobel  
Deep location.

12 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

North Falkland Basin snapshot

Strategic Report

Key highlights

Consolidated acreage position post-merger with FOGL

Over 2,600km2 acreage in North Falkland Basin 

Rockhopper  

FOGL   Combined Group  

Operator

Operatorship of PL003a, PL003b and PL005 licences 

40% interest in PL032 which contains Phase 1  
of Sea Lion Field 

64% interest in PL004 which contains the southern extension 
of the Sea Lion Field, various satellite discoveries as well as 
the Isobel/Elaine complex

PL032  

40%  

n/a  

40%  

Premier

PL003a  

PL003b  

PL004a 

PL004b 

PL004c 

PL005  

3%  

92.5%  

95.5%   Rockhopper

3%  

57.5%  

60.5%   Rockhopper

24%  

24%  

24%  

40%  

40%  

40%  

64%  

64%  

64%  

Premier

Premier

Premier

n/a  

100%  

100%   Rockhopper

Phase 1 schematic

Collaborative partnerships with collective cost incentives

Subsea Installation

FPSO

Subsea Production 
System

Risers

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

13

 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report

NFB drilling platform

On 28 May 2015, Rockhopper announced an oil discovery 
at the Isobel Deep well, located approximately 40km 
south of the Sea Lion field in PL004a (Rockhopper 64% 
working interest following completion of merger with 
FOGL). The Isobel Deep exploration well was drilled 
to a depth of 2,527 metres reaching top reservoir on 
prognosis. The deepest 24 metres of the well consisted 
of oil bearing F3 sands. These sands were at a higher 
than expected reservoir pressure and this resulted in  
an influx into the well.

Unfortunately, due to material operational issues 
experienced with the drilling rig, the rig contract was 
terminated in February 2016. As a result, the drilling 
of the Chatham well – the final well in campaign – has 
been deferred until the Sea Lion pre-development 
drilling campaign.

The postponement of the Chatham well has no impact 
on the planning or timetable for the Field Development 
Plan for the Sea Lion initial phase development.

As a result, whilst it was not possible to acquire wireline 
logs over the Isobel Deep reservoir, the presence of 
oil bearing sands is considered very positive and these 
initial results opened up a new oil play in the southern 
part of PL004a.

Following suspension of the Isobel Deep well, the Eirik 
Raude rig was transferred to another operator in the 
South Falkland Basin. The rig returned to the North 
Falkland Basin in November 2015. Agreement was 
reached between the joint venture partners and FIG  
to replace drilling the Jayne East prospect in PL004c 
with a redrill of the Isobel prospect. 

On 11 January 2016, Rockhopper announced the results 
of the Isobel-Elaine redrill well in PL004a. The well 
reached a total depth of 3,014 metres and encountered 
a total of five oil bearing fan packages of the F3 system, 
with net pay of 27 metres recorded within the Isobel 
Deep, Isobel and Emily reservoirs. The well did not 
encounter any gas nor did it penetrate an Oil Water 
Contact within any of the sands in this location, where 
the Isobel Deep reservoir is 350 metres downdip from 
the discovery well. The results indicate that the total oil 
column established by this well is likely to be in excess 
of 480 metres.

As sub-surface lead for exploration, Rockhopper is 
immensely proud of the results of the exploration 
campaign and we look forward to incorporating the 
results of these wells into our regional data set.

The Company has commissioned a Competent  
Person’s Report (“CPR”) following the conclusion  
of the North Falkland Basin exploration campaign.  
The Company expects to release the results of the  
CPR during Q2 2016.

In addition, work has progressed on a broader 
development strategy for the entire North Falkland 
Basin. A Phase 2 development (targeting the remaining 
resources in PL032 and the satellite discoveries in 
the north of PL004) is now expected to commercialise 
approximately 300 million barrels (operator’s estimate). 
Phase 3 will develop the Isobel/Elaine fan complex  
in the south of PL004.

South Falkland Basin
As a result of the merger with FOGL, Rockhopper now 
has material interests in licences to the South and  
East of the Falkland Islands. A full technical review  
of this acreage will be undertaken during the course  
of 2016.

14 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

Greater Mediterranean snapshot

Strategic Report

Italy 
Guendalinia

≥   20% working 
interest
≥    Northern 
Adriatic
≥    Currently 
producing  
~580 boepd
≥    Estimated  

2016 revenue 
~$7.0m 

Italy  
Ombrina Mare

≥   100% working 

interest
≥   Central  
Adriatic 
appraisal
≥   Regulatory 
process 
going forward 
unclear

Malta
Area 3

≥   40% working 
interest
≥   Exploration 
Study 
Agreement 
extended to 
end of 2016

CROATIA

Adriatic Sea

Italy
Civita

ITALY

Civita

Guendalina

Rimini

Adriatic Sea

ITALY

0

50

Kilometres

Campobasso

0

50

Kilometres

≥   100% working 

interest
≥   Onshore gas 
production
≥   Currently 
producing  
~145 boepd
≥   Estimated  

2016 revenue  
~$2.0m

Adriatic Sea

Pescara

Ombrina Mare

ITALY

Adriatic Sea

Italy 
Monte Grosso 

ITALY

Bari

Monte Grosso

Taranto

≥   23% working 
interest

≥   ~250 mmbbl  
oil prospect
≥   23% chance  
of success

0

50

Kilometres

Tyrrhenian
 Sea

0

100

Kilometres

C

R

O

A

T

CROATIA
I

A

Block 9

Adriatic Sea

Croatia
Block 9

≥   40% working 
interest
≥   Signature of 

PSA expected  
during 2016

SICILY

Ionian Sea

Mediterranean
Sea

Area 3

ITALY

0

100

MALTA

Kilometres

0

100

Kilometres

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

15

Strategic Report

Staff in London, 
Guendalina production 
platform (Italy) and NFB 
drilling platform

Greater Mediterranean
Through the Company’s acquisition of Mediterranean  
Oil & Gas plc in 2014, Rockhopper is focused on building 
a second core area in the Greater Mediterranean region 
which encompasses Southern Europe and certain 
countries of North Africa.

Guendalina, Italy (Rockhopper 20%)
Operated by Eni, the Guendalina gas field located in  
the Northern Adriatic, has been in production since 
October 2011.

Civita, Italy (Rockhopper 100%)
Operated by Rockhopper, the Civita gas field located 
onshore Abruzzo, came into production in November 
2015.

The field was commissioned at a rate of 12,500 scm 
per day before increasing to a stabilised flow rate of 
approximately 25,000 scm per day (approximately  
160 boe per day) at the end of November 2015.  
At the end of December 2015, the field was producing 
approximately 145 boe per day net to Rockhopper.

On 1 September 2015, the Company announced that 
operations to undertake a side track well at Guendalina 
had begun. The well, which was drilled on time and on 
budget, reached a planned total depth of 3,276 metres. 
All target horizons within the Pliocene were gas-bearing 
and penetrated in an up-dip position with anticipated 
reservoir characteristics. Additionally, two deeper gas 
levels were encountered and perforated as part of the 
dual string completion.

The rig moved off location on 4 November 2015 and 
production from the field stabilised at approximately 
88,000 scm per day net to Rockhopper (580 boe per day), 
representing an increase of 190% from the last reported 
rates of approximately 200 boe per day net. At the end of 
December 2015, the field was producing approximately 
590 boe per day net to Rockhopper.

Ombrina Mare, Italy (Rockhopper 100%)
Operated by Rockhopper, the Ombrina Mare oil and gas 
discovery is an appraisal/development project located 
in the Central Adriatic, approximately six miles from the 
Abruzzo coastline.

In August 2015, the Italian Government announced 
that the Environmental Impact Assessment (“EIA”) of 
the Ombrina Mare Field Development Plan (including 
the ‘Autorizzazione Integrata Ambientale’ (Integrated 
Environmental Authorisation) (“AIA”)) had been 
approved by both the Minister for the Environment and 
by the Ministry of Cultural Heritage. The EIA decree 
had been formally gazetted and was awaiting the 
approval of the Ministry of Economic Development 
as the next step in the process to award the Ombrina 
Mare Production Concession.

16 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

Strategic Report

However, in early January 2016, the Italian Parliament 
approved the 2016 Budget Law which reintroduced 
restrictions on offshore oil and gas activity including  
the general ban on exploration and production activity 
within 12 nautical miles of the coast of Italy. This restriction 
was originally introduced in 2010 and repealed in 2012.

Also in January 2016, the Company was granted a  
12 month extension to the suspension of the Ombrina  
Mare exploration permit to 31 December 2016.

On 3 February 2016, the Company announced that it had 
been informed by the Ministry of Economic Development 
that, following the re-introduction of the ban on exploration 
and production activity within 12 nautical miles of the coast 
of Italy, the Production Concession covering the Ombrina 
Mare Field Area would not be awarded.

The Company is now considering its options which 
include both a claim for damages and compensation 
against the Republic of Italy under international  
treaties for the protection of foreign investments,  
and in particular the arbitration process provided  
for under the Energy Charter Treaty.

Monte Grosso, Italy (Rockhopper 23%)
Operated by Rockhopper, the Monte Grosso oil prospect 
is located in the Southern Apennine thrust-fold belt  
on trend with Val D’Agri and Tempa Rossa, in the 
largest onshore oil production and development area 
in Western Europe. Monte Grosso remains one of the 
largest undrilled prospects onshore Western Europe. 
Rockhopper is in the process of transferring operatorship 
of the licence to Eni which is hoped will accelerate the 
regulatory and permitting process to enable drilling.

Area 3, Malta (Rockhopper 40%)
A 2D seismic survey was completed in April 2014  
and the processing of such seismic was completed  
in mid-2015. The seismic has identified a number  
of leads of sufficient size to potentially be of interest. 
Further technical analysis is currently being conducted 
to determine the most appropriate way forward.  
The joint venture has received an extension of the 
Exploration Study Agreement to December 2016,  
at which time a decision will be made on entering  
a Production Sharing Contract.

Block 9, Croatia (Rockhopper 40%)
In January 2015, Rockhopper was awarded a 40% 
interest in offshore Block 9 in Croatia in partnership  
with Eni (60% interest and operator). The block is located 
in the relatively shallow water of the prolific Northern 
Adriatic gas province and contains the previously 
discovered Ksenija accumulation along with the Klaudija 
prospect. The anticipated work programme consists of 
seismic acquisition, processing and reprocessing during 
the first exploration phase (three years) with the drilling 
of a well in the second exploration phase (if Rockhopper 
elects to proceed to the second phase). 

Given the general election in Croatia in November 
2015, the signature of a Production Sharing Agreement 
(“PSA”) with the Croatian Hydrocarbon Authority has 
been delayed. A PSA is now expected to be signed  
during 2016.

Fiona MacAulay 
Chief Operating Officer

12 April 2016

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

17

Strategic Report

Chief Financial Officer’s Review

“ Rockhopper entered 2016 with 
a strong balance sheet and 
limited financial commitments. 

Capital and operating costs  
in the industry continue to  
fall as a result of the oil price 
and these should benefit  
pre-sanction projects, such 
as Sea Lion, as we progress 
through FEED”

Stewart MacDonald

Overview
During the year, and despite a challenging macro 
environment, Rockhopper continued to invest in its 
high impact exploration and pre-development activities 
in the North Falkland Basin. In addition, Rockhopper 
completed an active development programme that 
will see the Company benefit from materially higher 
production in 2016.

Results for the period
For the year ended 31 December 2015, the Company 
reported revenue of US$4 million (2014: US$2 million) 
and a profit after tax of US$11 million (2014: US$8 million 
loss). The profit after tax in the year arose primarily  
due to the one-off accounting treatment associated  
with the discounting of the CGT liability arising from  
the Company’s 2012 farm-out.

Our balance sheet remains strong with year-end cash 
resources of $110 million.

Results summary

$m (unless otherwise specified) 

Production (boepd) 

Revenue 

Profit/(loss) after tax 

Cash flow from operating activities 

Cash 

Net assets 

2015 

322 

4 

11 

(7) 

110 

262 

2014

272

2

(8)

(11)

200

255

Comparability between the reporting periods is made 
difficult due to two factors. Firstly, in 2014 the Group 
changed its accounting year end to 31 December 
to bring it in line with the majority of its peers. This 
resulted in a nine month reporting period in 2014. 
Secondly, the acquisition of Mediterranean Oil & Gas plc 
was completed in August 2014 and so the revenues and 
expenditures associated with the Mediterranean region 
in 2014 only reflect the five month period from August to 
December. It should also be noted that the Company’s 
merger with FOGL completed after the year end and 
so the impact of that transaction is not reflected in the 
2015 financials.

Revenue
The Group’s revenues of US$4 million (2014: US$2 
million) during the period are related entirely to the 
sale of natural gas and condensate in Italy. The increase 
in revenues from the comparable period reflect the 
increased production volumes achieved at Guendalina 
and the commencement of production from Civita 
despite lower realised commodity prices. 

Working interest production averaged 322 barrels of oil 
equivalent per day (boepd) in 2015, an increase of 18% 
over the prior year (2014: 272 boepd). Working interest 
production at the end of December 2015 was in excess  
of 700 boepd.

During the year, the Group’s gas was sold under short-
term contract with an average realised price of a0.20 
per standard cubic metre (scm) (2014: a0.27 per scm), 
equivalent to approximately US$38 per boe.

Operating costs
Cash operating costs, excluding depreciation and 
impairment charges, amounted to US$3 million (2014: 
US$1 million). The increase in underlying cash operating 
costs is principally due to measures undertaken to 
increase production and a number of one-off costs  
at Guendalina.

18 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
Strategic Report

General and administrative costs, excluding non-
recurring expenses related to acquisitions, amounted  
to US$9 million (2014: US$8 million).

Impairment of oil and gas assets
Given the continued decline in oil and gas prices, 
Rockhopper has tested the carrying value of our assets 
for impairment. Carrying values are compared to the 
fair value of the assets based on discounted cash flow 
models. Future cash flows were estimated using an 
oil price assumption equal to the Brent forward curve 
during the period 2016 to 2018, with a long-term price 
of US$75/bbl (in “real” terms) thereafter. A post-tax 
nominal discount rate of 12.5% was used for the Group’s 
Falkland Island assets. 

With no cash flow generation expected from Sea Lion 
until 2020, the impact of the current low oil price 
environment on the value in use calculation is limited.  
As such, no impairment arises on the Sea Lion project. 
A range of sensitivities have been considered as part 
of the impairment testing process. Even in the event 
that the Company reduced its long-term oil price 
assumption by US$10/bbl or assumed a one year  
delay to project sanction, no impairment on Sea Lion 
would arise.

The Group recognised write downs of intangible and 
tangible oil and gas assets of US$28 million (2014:  
US$2 million) primarily related to the Ombrina Mare 
project in Italy following a decision by the Ministry of 
Economic Development not to award the Production 
Concession. The write-down in relation to Ombrina  
Mare has been taken without prejudice to the legal 
remedies which may be obtained through potential 
future legal proceedings against the Republic of Italy  
and organs of the Italian State.

Taxation
On the 8 April 2015 the Group agreed binding 
documentation (“Tax Settlement Deed”) with the 
Falkland Island Government in relation to the tax 
arising from the Group’s farm out to Premier.

The Tax Settlement Deed confirms the quantum and 
deferment of the outstanding tax liability and is made 
under Extra Statutory Concession 16.

As a result of the Tax Settlement Deed the outstanding 
tax liability was confirmed at £64.4 million (US$95 million 
as at 31 December 2015) and payable on the first royalty 
payment date on Sea Lion. Currently the first royalty 
payment date is anticipated to occur within six months 
of first oil production which itself is estimated to occur in 
2020 (assuming Sea Lion project sanction in mid-2017). 

As such the tax liability has been reclassified as  
non-current and discounted to a year end value of  
US$47 million. The effect of this discounting is a tax 
credit in the period of US$55 million. The unwinding 
of this discount is non-cash and has led to a finance 
expense in the period of US$4 million.

The tax liability may be revised downward if the Falkland 
Islands’ Commissioner of Taxation is satisfied that either: 
(i) the Exploration Carry from Premier is utilised to fund 
exploration activities in the Falklands; or (ii) any element 
of the Development Carry from Premier becomes 
“irrecoverable”. Whilst the Company is entitled to benefit 
from the full Exploration Carry from Premier during the 
2015/16 campaign, no adjustment in the tax liability has 
yet been recorded as this is subject to agreement with 
the Falkland Islands’ Commissioner of Taxation.

Cash movements and capital expenditure
At 31 December 2015, the Company had cash resources 
of US$110 million (2014: US$200 million) and no debt.

Cash and term deposit movements during the period:

Opening cash resources 

North Falkland Basin 

Greater Mediterranean 

Admin and miscellaneous 

$m

200

(68)

(12)

(10)

Closing cash resources (31 December 2015) 

110

North Falkland Basin spend of US$68 million relates 
primarily to the 2015 drilling campaign, as well as spend 
relating to the pre-development activities on Sea Lion.

For a variety of reasons, including the material 
operational issues experienced with the drilling rig,  
the costs of drilling the Zebedee, Isobel Deep and 
Isobel-Elaine wells were above that which was originally 
anticipated. Certain costs incurred are the subject of 
an ongoing insurance claim the outcome of which is 
expected to be known during 2016.

Under the revised commercial terms agreed with 
Premier, the Company is entitled to utilise the full  
US$48 million of Exploration Carry from Premier during 
the 2015/16 exploration campaign, which will result in a 
cash saving of approximately US$25 million.

Spend in the Greater Mediterranean largely relates to 
the drilling of the side-track well at the Guendalina field 
and the development activities at the Group’s onshore 
gas project Civita.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

19

 
Strategic Report

Acquisitions
The Company announced the US$22 million acquisition 
of a portfolio of production and exploration interests in 
Egypt from Beach Energy Limited (“Beach Energy”) in 
August 2015. Subsequently, the Company was informed 
that one of the Abu Sennan joint venture parties has 
exercised its right of pre-emption. Discussions continue 
with Beach Energy and the joint venture parties to 
establish if an amended transaction can be agreed.

In November 2015, the Company announced the terms 
of an all share merger with Falkland Oil & Gas Limited 
(“FOGL”). The merger completed in January 2016 
following approval of both the Rockhopper and FOGL 
shareholders.

Under the terms of the merger, shareholders of FOGL 
received 0.2993 new Rockhopper shares for each FOGL 
share held.

Liquidity, counterparty risk and going concern
The Company monitors its cash position, cash forecasts 
and liquidity on a regular basis and takes a conservative 
approach to cash management with surplus cash held 
on term deposits with a number of major financial 
institutions.

The directors have assessed that the cash balance held 
provides the Company with adequate headroom over 
forecast expenditure for the following 12 months – as 
a result, the directors have adopted the going concern 
basis of accounting in preparing the annual financial 
statements. 

Principal risks and uncertainties
A detailed review of the potential risks and uncertainties 
which could impact the Company are outlined elsewhere 
in this Strategic Report. The Company has identified  
its principal risks at the end of 2015 as being: 
• 
•   joint venture partner alignment and funding issues.
 Both of which could ultimately create a delay to the  
Sea Lion Final Investment Decision.

 sustained low oil price; and

Outlook
Rockhopper entered 2016 with a strong balance sheet 
and limited financial commitments.

Capital and operating costs in the industry continue to 
fall as a result of the oil price and these should benefit 
pre-sanction projects, such as Sea Lion, as we progress 
through FEED. Our revised commercial arrangements 
with Premier ensure both Rockhopper and Premier 
enjoy attractive project economics at oil prices 
significantly lower than before.

Through the combination of Development Carry and 
Standby Loan, Rockhopper remains fully funded 
through the initial phase development of Sea Lion. Initial 
engagement with the commercial bank market has been 
encouraging as an alternative source of funding to the 
Standby Loan from Premier.

Revenues from our Italian assets are estimated to 
be in the order of US$8-10 million in 2016 (based on 
current gas price, foreign exchange rate and production 
projections), with minimal capital investment expected in 
the year within the Greater Mediterranean portfolio.

Taking into account the expected residual costs of the 
North Falkland Basin exploration campaign and the 
Company’s continued investment in Sea Lion FEED 
activities, preliminary estimates of the Company’s 
cash balance at 31 December 2016 are in the range 
of US$70-80 million. The year-end 2016 preliminary 
cash estimate is subject to the outcome of a number 
of material items including exploration drilling cost 
audits, disputes and insurance claims – the outcomes 
of which should be known during 2016.

Stewart MacDonald
Chief Financial Officer

12 April 2016

20 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

Internal controls and risk management

Strategic Report

Internal Controls

>  The Board is responsible for establishing and maintaining the system of internal controls  

which has been in place throughout 2015.

Rockhopper Board

Ongoing review and control 
There is ongoing review of the risks and controls in place  
to mitigate these risks by the Audit & Risk Committee.

Executive Committee

Audit & Risk Committee

Senior Management

 Process

Review and confirmation

Identification and mitigation

≥  Risks and mitigation validated  
with the Executive Committee  
and presented to Audit & Risk 
Committee for review

≥  Review and confirmation  

≥  Identify key risks and develop 

by the Board

mitigation actions

The directors are responsible for the group’s 

system of internal control and for reviewing its 
effectiveness. The group’s system of internal 

control is designed to manage rather than eliminate 
the risk of failure to achieve the group’s business 
objectives and therefore provides reasonable, 
rather than absolute, assurance against material 
misstatement or loss. 

The group operates a series of controls to meet its 
needs. The group receives reports from the external 
auditor concerning the system of internal control and 
any material control weaknesses. The board considers 
that there is no necessity at the present time to establish 
an independent internal audit function given the current 
size and complexity of the business. 

The process of monitoring and updating internal controls 
and procedures continues throughout the year and a risk 
management process is in place. Existing processes and 
practices are reviewed to ensure that risks are effectively 
managed around a sound internal control structure. 

A fundamental element of the internal control structure 
involves the identification and documentation of 
significant risks, the likelihood of those risks occurring, 
their potential impact and the plans for managing and 
mitigating each of those risks. These assessments are 
reviewed by the board. The plans are discussed, updated 
and reviewed at each board meeting, and any matters 
arising from internal reviews or external audit are also 
considered.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

21

Strategic Report

Principal risks and uncertainties

Description 

Impact 

Mitigants 

Recent changes and ongoing initiatives

Strategic risks
Sea Lion Final Investment 
Decision delayed due to low 
oil price outlook, project costs 
or partner funding issues

•  Increased costs
•  Delay in future cash flow
•  Reduced value creation
•  Loss of investor confidence

  •  Active engagement with the operator and 
regulators to establish constructive and 
trusted working relationships

•  Active participation in technical meetings 
to challenge, influence and/or support 
partners to establish a cohesive JV view 
and decision making

•  Active support to operator in its objective of 
introducing another partner into the JV

  •  Project entered FEED with set of world 
class contractors in January 2016

•  Commercial arrangements between the 
Company and the operator revised to 
ensure greater alignment

•  Company to support operator during its 

farm-out process

Concentration risk through 
focus on the North Falkland 
Basin

  •  Over-reliance on a single operating region
•  Changes in operating, sovereign, political 
or fiscal matters could have a material 
impact on the Company’s operations

  •  Diversify portfolio through asset additions 
outside of the North Falkland Basin
•  Continued pursuit of low-cost, low-

commitment, value-accretive acquisitions 
in the Greater Mediterranean region to add 
production and cash flow 

  •  Acquisition of Mediterranean Oil & Gas plc 

in August 2014

•  The proposed acquisition of a portfolio 
of production and exploration assets in 
Egypt from Beach Energy was announced 
in August 2015. The transaction was 
subsequently pre-empted by an existing JV 
partner. Discussions with Beach continue

Poor execution of M&A activity   •  Reduced liquidity and balance sheet 

strength
•  Value loss

  •  Experienced Board oversees and approves 

all M&A decisions

•  Established processes in place to ensure 
that an appropriate level of technical, 
commercial, financial, tax and legal due 
diligence is performed on every opportunity 
assessed

  •  Merger with Falkland Oil & Gas Limited 
(“FOGL”) completed in January 2016
•  Continued pursuit of selective and value 

accretive M&A opportunities 

The sovereignty of the 
Falkland Islands is disputed

  •  Physical aggression is not expected

  •  The British Government has issued strong 

•  Certain service providers and financial 
institutions may choose not to provide 
services for fear of the impact an 
association may have on their business  
in Argentina

rebuttals to the Argentine claims

•  The Company is in regular contact with the 

Foreign & Commonwealth Office

  •  Recent change of government in Argentina 
is expected to mitigate impact given 
apparent desire to build open international 
relations 

Operational risks

The Company no longer 
operates its significant 
interests and is therefore 
reliant on JV operators for 
asset performance

  •  Cost and schedule overruns
•  Poor performance of assets
•  HSE performance

The North Falkland Basin is 
remote and at the end of a 
long supply chain

  •  Cost and schedule overruns

•  Ability to secure certain contractors

The assumptions used 
to estimate hydrocarbon 
resources may prove incorrect 
or inaccurate

•  Exploration and appraisal efforts may 

target ultimately uncommercial volumes  
of hydrocarbons

  •  Actively engage with all JV partners to 
establish trusted working relationships
•  Active participation in technical meetings to 
challenge, apply influence and/or support 
partners to establish a cohesive JV view 
and decision making

  •  Following award of FEED on the Sea Lion 
project, a Management Board comprising 
key project managers from each of the 
JV partners and contractors has been 
established to oversee the FEED process. 
Rockhopper’s General Manager for the 
Falkland Islands will attend 

•  Additionally a higher level Project Board 
comprising Executive Director level 
personnel from the JV partners and key 
contractors will meet regularly

  •  Active co-operation with operators in 
the South Falkland Basin to achieve 
operational and cost synergies through rig 
and infrastructure sharing

•  Supply chain well understood given history 

  •  Rig and other sharing arrangements used 
in the 2015/16 exploration campaign to 
share equipment and services between 
operators in the North and South Falkland 
Basins

of operations in the basin

•  The Company has commissioned a 

Competent Persons Report (“CPR”) to 
undertake an independent assessment  
of the Company’s reserves and resources

•  The CPR is expected to be published in  

Q2 2016

•  The Company employs qualified and 
experienced technical personnel
•  External consultants are regularly 
commissioned to support technical 
evaluations or provide independent 
assessments

•  A prudent range of possible outcomes 
are considered within the planning and 
budgeting process – current development 
scenario planning for Sea Lion 
conservatively assumes the presence of a 
gas cap

•  Analysis of commerciality thresholds 

is inherent in exploration planning and 
licence acquisition analysis

22 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
Strategic Report

Description 

Impact 

Mitigants 

Recent changes and ongoing initiatives

Financial risks

Insufficient liquidity and 
funding capacity

  •  Uncertain financial outcome

•  Inability to meet financial obligations

  •  Short-term and long-term cash forecasts 
are reported to the Board on a regular 
basis

•  The Company has no debt
•  Through the 2012 farm-out and subsequent 

revisions, Rockhopper secured a $337 
million Development Carry for the initial 
phase of development of Sea Lion, a 
$337 million Development Carry for the 
subsequent phase of development of Sea 
Lion, $48 million Exploration Carry and 
a $750 million Standby Loan facility from 
Premier Oil

•  Agreement reached to defer tax liability 

associated with 2012 farm-out

  •  Under the revised commercial 

arrangements with Premier, Rockhopper 
now entitled to access the full $48 million 
Exploration Carry for the 2015/16 campaign
•  Active engagement with commercial bank 
market to secure funding for the uncarried 
portion of Sea Lion development costs on 
more attractive (cost and flexibility) terms 
compared with the Standby Loan available 
from Premier

•  Agreement reached with FIG as to quantum 
and timing of tax payment – tax deferred 
until the first royalty payment date on Sea 
Lion – currently anticipated in 2020

Uncertainty of fiscal regime 
and regulatory requirements

  •  Schedule risk
•  Loss of value
•  Uncertain financial outcome

  •  Regular engagement with regulators
•  Legal agreements in place to protect 

interests

•  Seek appropriate legal and tax advice

  •  Participation, in conjunction with other 

operators in the Falkland Islands, in recent 
FIG Tax consultation exercise

•  Continued participation in consultation with 
FIG in relation to optimal approach to oil 
export

Joint venture partner 
misalignment or failure by 
joint venture partners to fund 
their financial obligations

  •  Increased costs, inefficiencies or delays
•  Potential failure to meet financial and 

operational obligations

•  In extreme, potential loss of licence 

interests

  •  Partner selection is a critical component  

of any investment decision

•  Joint Operating Agreements and other 

commercial arrangements provide legal 
protections in the event joint venture 
partners fail to meet their obligations

  •  Active engagement with joint venture 
partners to ensure alignment

•  Ongoing monitoring and regular review of 
the Company’s financial exposure to joint 
venture partner credit risk

Uncertainty and volatility of 
commodity prices

  •  Impact on expected future revenues  

  •  Contingency built into planning and 

  •  Oil prices decline significantly in 2015

and cash flow

•  Impact on capital and operating costs
•  Impact on future debt capacity

budgeting process to allow for downside 
movements in commodity prices (and 
expected impact on costs)

•  The Company may consider it appropriate 
in the future to hedge a proportion of its 
production, particularly if the Company is 
reliant on such production to service debt

•  As a result, industry and service costs have 
reduced and, through the Sea Lion FEED 
process, it is anticipated that further costs 
reductions can be achieved

Health, safety and environmental risks

Health, safety and 
environmental incidents

  •  Serious injury or death
•  Environmental impacts
•  Loss of reputation
•  Regulatory penalties

  •  Regular review of HSE policies and 

procedures to ensure full compliance 
with industry “best practice” as well as all 
appropriate international and local rules 
and regulations

•  Ongoing initiatives to ensure partner  

and contractor compliance with 
Rockhopper HSE Policy

Organisational risks

Staff recruitment, 
development and retention

  •  Disruption to business

  •  Training and development opportunities  

•  Loss of key knowledge and experience

are considered for all staff

•  Executive directors and senior staff have 

notice period of between 6 and 12 months 
to ensure sufficient time to handover 
responsibilities in the event of a departure
•  Succession planning considered regularly 

at Board level 

  •  New EU drilling and operational directives 

were introduced in January 2016

•  The Company has incorporated these  
new requirements, including proposed  
ISO 16530 compliance for all well integrity 
life cycle phases

•  In addition, the Company has recently 
updated its risk assessment procedure
•  The Company operated Civita gas project 
is the first oil & gas development in Italy 
to implement these revised requirements 
and fulfil the enhanced risk assessment 
authorisation process

  •  A short-term succession plan is in place for 

executive directors and key staff members
•  Consideration is being given to implement 

an all employee share scheme

•  The Remuneration Committee regularly 

evaluates compensation and incentivisation 
schemes to ensure they remain competitive

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

23

Strategic Report

Health, Safety, Environmental and Social Management

Rockhopper’s strategy is to explore, appraise and 

develop its operated and non operated acreage 
both safely and responsibly. The two key elements 

of this strategy involve maintaining high standards of 
Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) protection 
throughout its operations and communicating clearly 
with its stakeholders, both operational and within the 
local community. 

Local community school, 
Stanley, Falkland Islands

HSE ManaGEMEnt  
SyStEM 

Health and Safety

Environment

Business conduct

Employees

Local communities

Maintaining high standards of Health, Safety and 
Environmental (HSE) protection. This is achieved 
through:

•  Strong leadership and clearly defined responsibilities 

and accountabilities for HSE at all levels of the 
organisation;

•  Selection of competent personnel to manage 

activities;

•  Compliance with regulatory and other applicable 
requirements, or where regulations do not exist, 
application of industry standards;

•  Identifying, assessing and managing HSE risks  

and preventing pollution;

•  Developing specific HSE plans for each  

operational project;

•  Selecting competent contractors and ensuring  

that they are effectively managed;

•  Preparing and testing response plans to ensure that 
any incident can be quickly and efficiently controlled, 
reported and investigated to prevent recurrence;
•  Continual improvement of HSE performance through 
monitoring, regular reporting and periodic audits; 
and

•  Periodic management reviews to identify and 

implement improvements to our HSE systems. 

This policy is implemented through our HSE 
Management System, which has been prepared to 
be consistent with international standards for HSE 
management including ISO14001 and ISO18001. 

Our HSE Management System is used to guide all our 
activities and will not be compromised by other business 
priorities. 

Application of the HSE Management System will 
include preparation of detailed Environmental Impact 
Statements (“EISs”) for all of the Group’s activities. 
The preparation of the EIA includes consultation with 
interested parties and the local Government as well as 
public meetings to present findings and obtain feedback 
from the local community. 

For our non operated ventures one of our key roles is 
to seek to ensure (wherever possible) that the operator 
maintains high standards of HSE protection in line with 
our management systems.

Operational stakeholders
Where we have operating responsibility all contractors 
are selected taking into account their skills, experience 
and HSE performance. There is a contractor selection 
and management section in the HSE management 
system and we are closely involved in day-to-day 
operations and closely monitor contractor performance.

Local community stakeholders
The Falkland Islands has a population of approximately 
3,000 people and each member is considered a 
stakeholder in the Group’s strategy. We recognise that 
a key element in maintaining stakeholder support is 
regular communication at all levels. Our primary point of 
contact is the Falkland Islands Government Department 
for Mineral Resources and since inception we have had 
good communication with all of the team there. Since 
the start of operations, we have increasingly liaised with 
other government departments, such as the Secretariat 
and the Tax Office as well as the Governor. 

Approval of Strategic Report
This Strategic Report was approved by the directors 
and signed on their behalf on 12 April 2016 by:

Samuel Moody 
Chief Executive Officer

24 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

Governance

Strategic Report

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

25

Governance

Chairman’s Governance Report

The board’s corporate governance policy is to apply 

best practice and to adhere to the 2014 UK Corporate 
Governance Code (the “Code”) applicable to FTSE 

350 companies as far as practicable given the size of 
the Company. However, the Company is an AIM listed 
company and is not therefore required to comply with 
any provision in the Code for so long as it remains on AIM.
Further details are given below of how the Company 
addresses the principles set out in the Code. The audit 
and risk committee undertakes an annual review of the 
Company’s compliance with the Code and identifies areas 
where compliance could be strengthened and agrees 
appropriate courses of action. 

Pierre Jungels cbe

The Board
The board’s structure and composition complies with the 
provisions of the Code. The board currently consists of three 
executive and seven non-executive directors including the 
chairman, six of whom are independent. T P Bushell and  
J E Martin were appointed as non-executive directors on 
18 January 2016 following the merger with Falkland Oil and 
Gas Limited. The chairman will retire at the 2016 annual 
general meeting and will be replaced by David McManus  
an independent non-executive director.

How your Board works

The board has a qualified company secretary and all 
directors have access to her for advice and services. 

R J Peters was the senior independent director for the 
financial period under review. The Company’s website 
contains an email contact for K G Lough, chairman of the 
audit & risk committee, should shareholders have concerns 
which have not been adequately addressed by the chairman 
or chief executive officer. The email address is also 
disclosed at the back of these accounts. 

The board meets regularly throughout each financial 
year and there is a schedule of matters reserved for its 
approval ensuring that it exercises control over the Group’s 
strategy, key financial and compliance issues and significant 
operational and management matters. These include 
capital structure, communication with shareholders, 
board and senior management appointments and major 
contracts. Executive management has a number of 
financial and operational responsibilities delegated to 
it. These include day-to-day operation of the business, 
implementation of health & safety measures, contract 
negotiation and liaison with the regulator and shareholders. 
From time to time sub-committees of the board are 
established to approve the detail of matters tabled at full 
board meetings. The company secretary ensures that 

Shareholders

Board of Directors

Ongoing dialogue

Day-to-day running of Rockhopper

Chief Executive Officer

Integrity of financial 
 information and 
 internal controls

Executive Committee

Various Committees

Board  
composition 
and  
succession

Nomination 
Committee

Findings and  
recommendations in  
relation to financial reporting

External 
Auditors

Risk & Audit 
Committee

Remuneration 
Committee

Framework and individual  
Director packages

26 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
the board and its committees are supplied with papers of 
sufficient quality to enable them to consider matters in good 
time for meetings and to discharge their duties properly.  
A clearly defined organisational structure exists, with lines 
of responsibility and delegation of authority to executive 
management and board approved defined roles for the 
chairman and chief executive officer. 

The board supports directors who wish to receive ongoing 
training and education relating to their duties. It makes 
available independent legal advice, at the Group’s expense, 
when necessary. 

Each year an internal performance evaluation of the board 
and its committees is undertaken. The performance 
appraisal consists of a questionnaire. Comments are tabled 
at a board meeting and actions agreed. The appraisal of 
the chairman’s performance is coordinated by the senior 
independent director with the assistance of the company 
secretary. An external board performance evaluation is to 
be undertaken during the course of 2016. 

The board’s chairman, P J Jungels, was independent 
upon appointment. For an initial period, P J Jungels was 
executive chairman and during that time he was awarded 
share options. Effective 30 September 2010 he became non-

executive chairman and his share options have since been 
exercised in full. The board considers five of the other non-
executive directors, D McManus, R J Peters, K G Lough,  
J E Martin and A J Summers to be independent. T P Bushell 
does not meet the independence criteria in the Code due 
to his previous executive position at Falkland Oil and Gas 
Limited and his short-term consultancy arrangement with 
the Company in respect of the integration of the business of 
Falkland Oil and Gas Limited. Other than any shareholdings 
in the Company and fees, the non-executives have no 
financial interests in the Company or business relationships 
that would interfere with their independent judgement. 

The chairman meets regularly with the non-executive 
directors without management present and in the forum  
of the nomination committee.

The appointment of directors is a formal process 
involving all members of the board which considers the 
recommendations of the nomination committee. 

The notice period for all executive directors is 12 months. 
The board believes that this is reasonable and appropriate 
for the size of the Group and is in line with market practice. 
All directors stand for re-election at the annual general 
meeting.

Board diversity

Board composition

International experience

Governance

Directors

•  Executive

	 Non-executive

Non-executive director tenure

< 3 years

3-6 years

57%

28%

6-9 years

—

> 9 years

15%

“  The Group is committed to maintaining high standards of corporate governance 

to ensure that it is managed with openness, honesty and transparency.”

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

27

Governance

Board of Directors 

Dr Pierre Jungels cbe
Chairman

Samuel Moody
Chief Executive Officer

Stewart MacDonald
Chief Financial Officer

Fiona MacAulay
Chief Operating Officer

Robert Peters
Senior Independent
Director

Dr Jungels, a certified 
engineer with a PhD from 
CALTECH, was CEO of 
Enterprise Oil Plc, from 1996 
to 2001 and prior to that 
was MD of Exploration and 
Production for BG Plc in 1995 
and worked for 23 years with 
Petrofina SA including eight 
years on the main board. 
He was twice President of 
the Institute of Petroleum, 
from 1987 to 1989 and 2002 
to 2003.

Sam is a co-founder of 
Rockhopper and has been 
responsible for building and 
managing the group from its 
formation in early 2004. He 
previously worked in several 
roles within the financial 
sector, including positions 
at AXA Equity & Law 
Investment Management 
and St Paul’s Investment 
Management.

Prior to joining Rockhopper, 
Stewart was a Director in 
Rothschild’s global oil and 
gas group and spent 12 
years advising clients in the 
sector on a range of M&A 
transactions as well as debt 
and equity financings. 

Fiona is a geologist with over 
25 years of experience in the oil 
and gas industry including time 
at Mobil, Amerada Hess and 
BG. She joined Rockhopper in 
2010 immediately following the 
Sea Lion discovery and was an 
integral member of the senior 
team which managed the 
appraisal of the Sea Lion field 
and discovered the Casper, 
Casper South and Beverley 
fields. 

Bob is a solicitor with a long 
career in industry and legal 
practice. He joined Imperial 
Chemical Industry PLC’s 
group legal department in 
1975 and became Deputy 
Group General Counsel 
in 1993 until 2000 when 
he joined Mayer Brown as 
Corporate Partner. During 
the 1980s he was a director 
and counsel of ICI’s E&P 
business.

Age:
72

Appointed to board:
February 2005

Meetings attended:
12/12

 Committee membership:
Nomination

External appointments:
Director: Baker Hughes Inc.
Chairman: Velocys plc

46

35

52

68

February 2005

March 2014

March 2013

September 2010

12/12

—

 —

12/12

 —

—

12/12

 —

11/12

Audit & Risk  
Remuneration 
Nomination 

President Elect:
American Association of 
Petroleum Geologists Europe

 —

28 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
Governance

David McManus
Non-Executive 
Director

Keith Lough
Non-Executive
Director

John Summers
Non-Executive
Director

Tim Bushell
Non-Executive
Director

John Martin
Non-Executive
Director

David is a petroleum 
engineer with a degree from 
Heriott Watt University with 
over 35  years experience in 
the Oil and Gas industry, with 
Shell, Ultramar, ARCO and 
BG group. 

Keith has over 30 years 
experience in the natural 
resources sector in both 
senior finance and general 
management roles with 
LASMO, Petrokazakhstan, 
British Energy and Hutton 
Energy. He was also a 
founder shareholder and 
CEO of unconventional gas 
explorer Composite Energy 
Limited. 

Dr John Summers is a 
geologist with degrees from 
the University of Liverpool. 
He worked for British Gas/ 
BG Group plc for 29 years 
holding a variety of roles 
from Exploration Manager, 
Vice President Exploration, 
Chief Geologist, General 
Manager Technology and 
Performance and VP New 
Ventures. 

John has more than 30 years’ 
experience in international 
banking in the oil and gas 
industry. He worked at 
ABN Amro for 26 years 
specialising in the oil and 
gas sector after which he 
joined Standard Chartered 
Bank where he was a Senior 
Managing Director in the 
Oil & Gas group. He was 
previously a Non-Executive 
Director of Total Upstream 
UK Limited and Chairman of 
Falkland Oil and Gas Limited. 

Tim is a qualified geologist 
with more than 30 years’ 
experience in the oil and 
gas industry. He worked at 
Ultramar, British Gas and 
Schlumberger and was 
with Lasmo for 10 years 
where his roles included 
General Manager of its South 
Atlantic business unit which 
participated in the drilling 
campaign in the North 
Falkland Basin in 1998. Tim 
was Managing Director, 
Norway at Paladin Resources 
plc from 2001 until joining 
Falkland and Gas Limited 
in 2006 where he was Chief 
Executive Officer.

62

57

60

58

66

September 2010

January 2014

February 2014

January 2016

January 2016

12/12

11/12

11/12

—

—

Remuneration 
Nomination 

Director:  
Hess Corporation
Costain plc
Chairman:  
FLEX LNG 

Audit & Risk  
Remuneration 
Nomination 

Audit & Risk  
Nomination 

Nomination

Audit & Risk 
Nomination

 —

Director: 
Cairn Energy plc
Gulf Keystone Petroleum Ltd
UK Gas and Electricity 
Markets Authority

Director:
Core Energy AS

Director:
Bowleven plc
Senior Vice President:  
World Petroleum Council

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Governance

Corporate Governance Statement

Audit & Risk, Remuneration and Nomination 
Committees
Audit & risk, remuneration and nomination committees, 
with formally delegated duties and responsibilities, 
operate under the chairmanship of K G Lough,  
D McManus and P J Jungels respectively. The terms  
of reference of the committees reflect the provisions 
of the Code where relevant and can be found on the 
Company’s website. 

The nomination committee comprises all the non-
executive directors with the chief executive officer 
attending by invitation. The make up of the committee 
complies with the Code. 

The audit & risk committee comprises K G Lough, 
J E Martin, R J Peters and A J Summers, with other 
directors attending from time to time by invitation as 
observers. The make up of the committee complies  
with the Code. 

The remuneration committee comprises D McManus,  
K G Lough and R J Peters, with other directors attending 
from time to time by invitation as observers. The make 
up of the committee complies with the Code. 

Keith Lough
Audit and Risk Committee 
Chairman

Audit & Risk Committee
The members of the audit & risk committee are K G 
Lough as chairman, J E Martin, R J Peters and A J 
Summers. The board considers the members of the audit 
& risk committee to be independent and is satisfied that 
at least one member of the audit & risk committee, K G 
Lough, has recent and relevant financial experience. 

The external auditor, the Chief Financial Officer and Chief 
Accountant are invited to meetings with observer status. 

The core terms of reference of the audit & risk 
committee include reviewing and reporting to the board 
on matters relating to: 

•  the audit plans of the external auditor; 
•  the Group’s overall framework for internal control 
over financial reporting and for other internal 
controls; 

•  the Group’s overall framework for risk management; 

and

•  the accounting policies and practices of the Group; 

and

•  the annual and periodic financial reporting carried 

out by the Group. 

The audit & risk committee is responsible for notifying 
the board of any significant concerns that the external 
auditor may have arising from their audit work; any 
matters that may materially affect or impair the 
independence of the external auditor; any significant 
deficiencies or material weaknesses in the design or 
operation of the Group’s internal controls; and any 
serious issues of non-compliance. No such concerns 
were identified during the financial period. 

The audit & risk committee recommends to the board 
the appointment of the external auditor, subject to the 
approval of the Company’s shareholders at a general 
meeting. Shareholders in a general meeting authorise the 
directors to fix the remuneration of the external auditor. 

The audit & risk committee has established procedures 
for receiving and handling complaints concerning 
accounting or audit matters. The audit & risk committee 
maintains policies and procedures for the approval of 
all audit services and permitted non-audit services 
undertaken by the external auditor, the principal 
purpose of which is to ensure that the independence  
of the external auditor is not impaired. 

In general, the external auditor will only be used for 
audit, audit related and tax compliance services. Other 
services need specific authorisation from the audit & 
risk committee. The only non-audit services provided 
during the period were in relation to tax compliance and 
review of the half-yearly report. The status of all services 
being provided by the external auditor are monitored 
and the Company is satisfied that there were no conflicts 
during the financial period.

30 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

David McManus
Remuneration Committee 
Chairman

Governance

Remuneration Committee
The principal role of the remuneration committee is 
to consider, on behalf of the board, the remuneration 
(including compensation payments when they apply) of 
executive directors and the chairman, the fees of the 
chairman being subject to board approval. In addition 
the remuneration committee sets the broad framework 
and reviews the recommendations of the chief executive 
officer for salary adjustments and bonus payments 
for all other members of staff including the company 
secretary. It also administers and makes awards under 
the Long Term Incentive Plan (LTIP) and Share Incentive 
Plan (SIP). Further detail of the responsibilities of the 
remuneration committee is given in the directors’ 
remuneration report. 

The board considers the members of the remuneration 
committee to be independent. The members are  
D McManus as chairman and R J Peters and K G Lough. 
The chairman and T P Bushell attend meetings as invitees. 

The committee met five times during the financial 
period. Details of the matters discussed are given in  
the directors’ remuneration report.

Director 

D McManus – Chairman 

KG Lough 

R J Peters 

P J Jungels 

Total meetings during year 

† Invitee.

Remuneration committee 

meetings attended

5

5

4

†4

5

The audit & risk committee was satisfied throughout the 
financial period that the objectivity and independence 
of the external auditor were not in any way impaired by 
the nature of the non-audit work undertaken, the level 
of non-audit fees charged for such work nor any other 
factors. 

The audit & risk committee’s terms of reference are 
available on the Company’s website and on request from 
the company secretary. The audit & risk committee held 
three formal meetings during the period and informal 
discussions were also held both with, and without, 
management present. The committee met with the 
external auditors without management present. 

Following each audit & risk committee meeting, the 
chairman of the audit & risk committee reported to the 
board on the principal matters covered at the meeting. 

During the year, the issues considered by the audit & 
risk committee included: 

•  Group financial disclosures and accounting matters; 
•  reports of the external auditor concerning its audit 
and review of the financial statements of the Group 
and the status of follow-up actions with management; 

•  effectiveness of the Group’s system of internal 

controls and its risk monitoring and management; 

•  Group corporate structure; 
•  systems and processes that management 

has developed pertaining to risk identification, 
classification and mitigation including disaster 
recovery; 

•  compliance with the Code;
•  implications of a move to the Main Market;
•  whistleblowing procedures and shareholder 

concerns; 

•  Falkland Islands fiscal regime including capital gains 

tax; and

•  external auditor’s audit and non-audit fees.

During the period, the committee reviewed its own 
performance and the appropriateness of its terms of 
reference. It concluded that, having considered the size 
and complexity of the business, the terms of reference 
were appropriate and that performance was satisfactory.

Director 

K G Lough – Chairman 

R J Peters 

A J Summers 

S MacDonald 

P J Jungels 

Total meetings during year 

†  Invitee.

Audit & risk committee 
meetings attended

3

3

3

†3

†1

3

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

31

 
 
 
Governance

Pierre Jungels
Nomination Committee 
Chairman

Nomination Committee
The nomination committee’s role is to consider 
Board member succession, review the structure and 
composition of the Board and its committees and identify 
and make recommendations for any new appointments 
of directors to the board. Any decisions relating to 
the appointment of directors are made by the entire 
board based on the merits of the candidates and the 
relevance of their background and experience, measured 
against objective criteria, with care taken to ensure 
that appointees have enough time to devote to the job. 
Rockhopper is committed to appointing, retaining and 
developing an experienced team which can effectively 
manage the Company’s objectives and deliver its 
strategy. The board recognises the benefits of diversity 
and the nomination committee has regard to this when 
considering succession planning. 

The committee is chaired by the chairman of the board, 
P J Jungels, with all the non-executive directors as its 
members. The board considers K G Lough,  
D McManus, J E Martin, R J Peters and A J Summers 
to be independent, hence a majority of the committee is 
considered to be independent. 

The nomination committee met twice during the 
financial year and the matters which were considered 
included:

•  board performance evaluation process and results;
•  succession planning for the executive directors and 

senior management team; and
•  board committee constitution. 

Shareholder relationships 
During the year the executive directors met with 
shareholders and the investment community. This 
included formal road shows and presentations, one- 
to-one meetings, analyst briefings and press interviews. 
The chief executive officer regularly briefs the board 
on these contacts and relays the views expressed. 
In addition, copies of analyst research reports, press 
reports and industry articles are circulated to all 
directors. The Company’s website is updated regularly 
with external presentations and corporate updates. 

Going concern 
At 31 December 2015 the Group had available 
resources of $110 million. In addition the Group’s 
main development, Sea Lion, is fully funded through a 
combination of Development Carries and a loan facility 
from the operator. 

It is for these reasons that the board is of the opinion,  
at the time of approving the financial statements, that 
the Group and Company has adequate resources to 
continue in operational existence for the foreseeable 
future, being at least twelve months from the date of 
approval of the financial statements. Therefore the board 
has adopted the going concern basis in preparation of 
the financial statements.

32 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

Governance

Remuneration policy
This part of the Report sets out the remuneration policy 
for the Company. The policy for the executive directors 
is determined by the Committee and the Committee 
approves any adjustments to salary and bonus awards. 
The Committee also sets the parameters for the 
remuneration packages of senior and support staff 
including the company secretary. Authority is delegated 
to the chief executive officer to implement salary 
adjustments and make bonus awards for staff within the 
agreed parameters. The proposals of the chief executive 
officer in this regard are reviewed by the Chairman of 
the Committee to ensure that they are in line with the 
parameters set down by the Committee. The Committee 
decides on all awards under the Company’s Long Term 
Incentive Plan (‘LTIP’) and approves the operation of the 
Company’s Share Incentive Plan (‘SIP’). 

The aim of the Committee is to ensure that the 
remuneration packages are sufficiently competitive to 
attract, retain and motivate individuals of the quality 
required to achieve the objectives of the Group and 
thereby enhance shareholder value. The Committee 
also aims to ensure that all employees receive rewards 
that fairly reflect their seniority, level of work and 
contribution to the Company. 

Executive Director Policy
The summary of the remuneration policy for the 
executive directors is set out later in this report.  
Full details of the remuneration packages are given  
in the Report on Remuneration.

Remuneration Report

Annual statement

Dear Shareholder
On behalf of the Board, I am pleased to present the 
Directors’ Remuneration Report (‘Report’) for the 
year ended 31 December 2015. The Report has been 
prepared largely in compliance with the requirements of 
Schedule 8 of the Large and Medium-sized Companies 
and Group Regulations 2013 where deemed appropriate 
given the size and structure of the Company. In the 
event that the Company had pursued a move to the Main 
Market of the London Stock Exchange, the Report would 
have been put forward for a shareholder vote. In the 
light of the Board’s decision to defer a move to the Main 
Market of the London Stock Exchange (as explained in 
the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer’s Review). The 
Committee does not propose that the Report should 
be subject to shareholder vote. The Committee has 
however considered feedback from shareholders in 
relation to the Report and has expanded the disclosures. 

The Report is divided into two sections:

•  The Policy report which sets out the current 

Remuneration Policy. 

•  The Annual Report on Remuneration which sets 
out details of the operation of the Remuneration 
Committee and details of the directors’ remuneration 
packages for the year ended 31 December 2015. It 
also sets out details of the implementation of the 
Executive Director Policy for the year ending 31 
December 2016.

The Committee aims to ensure that remuneration 
is linked to the performance of the Company and 
believes that the Long Term Incentive Plan, which is 
based on total shareholder return measured against 
an appropriate peer group of companies, ensures that 
management is aligned with shareholders in respect 
of the share incentive element of their remuneration 
packages. The Committee is satisfied that the outcomes 
in respect of the incentives and remuneration during the 
financial year under review are appropriate. 

In respect of the current financial period, the Committee 
does not propose any changes to the Remuneration 
Policy which is laid out on the following pages. The 
Committee will ensure that the Company’s remuneration 
policy and practices are kept under review to ensure that 
they remain appropriate for the Company at its stage 
of development and that they do not encourage any 
unnecessary risk taking by the executive team. 

On behalf of the Board I would like to thank shareholders 
for their continuing support.

Yours sincerely

David McManus
Remuneration Committee Chairman

12 April 2016

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

33

Governance

Salary
Purpose and link to strategy 

Operation 

Opportunity 

To provide an appropriate salary level to support retention and recruitment of executive directors and 
ensure that executive directors are appropriately rewarded in relation to their role and responsibilities.

This is reviewed annually on 1 January with regard to average industry increases, each executive’s 
role and responsibilities and salary adjustments across the Company.

Salary increases will be awarded taking into account the outcome of the performance review and 
relative salary differentials across the executive team.

Salary increases will usually be in line with increases awarded to other employees but the Committee 
may make additional adjustments where there has been a change in role or responsibilities or to 
reflect a gap in market positioning.

Performance metrics  

Not applicable for base salaries.

Benefits

Purpose and link to strategy  

Operation  

Opportunity  

To provide a competitive and comprehensive range of benefits to assist in the attracting and retaining 
the calibre of executive directors required for delivery of corporate and strategic objectives.

The benefits package for executive directors includes private medical insurance, critical illness, 
income protection and life assurance cover. Benefits are administered internally and a review of 
providers and prices is conducted every two years to ensure that the level of rates and cover remains 
competitive.

The benefits package is set at a level that the Committee considers is appropriate for the Company’s 
size.

The value of benefits will vary each year according to the cost of provision.

Performance metrics 

Not applicable for benefits package.

Pension

Purpose and link to strategy  

To provide an appropriate level of pension contribution for directors whilst minimising the 
administrative burden for the Company.

Operation  

Opportunity  

Contributions are made to a private or group personal pension plan.

An annual contribution equal to 10 per cent of salary.

Performance metrics 

Not applicable for pension contributions.

Annual bonus

Purpose and link to strategy  

To reward the achievement of annual corporate and individual targets.

Operation  

Objectives are set as early as possible in the financial year.

The executive directors are treated as a team in respect of target setting. This policy is reviewed 
annually to ensure that it remains appropriate.

The bonuses are paid in cash after the end of the financial year to which they relate.

Opportunity  

The maximum annual bonus award is 100% of salary.

The bonus is non-contractual and is discretionary.

Performance metrics  

The targets for the executive directors comprise the corporate, strategic and financial objectives 
agreed by the Board.

The Committee uses its judgement to decide the extent to which the objectives have been achieved 
and will have regard to overall Company performance when agreeing the bonus payments.

The Committee considers whether operations were completed to acceptable HSE standards and 
considers whether there were any HSE incidents when considering the level of bonus payments.

34 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Long Term Incentive Plan (LTIP) 
Purpose and link to strategy 

To support alignment with shareholders through the use of Total Shareholder Return (‘TSR’) 
measured against a peer group as the performance target for awards under the LTIP.

Governance

Operation  

The LTIP was approved by shareholders in 2013. Since its introduction, no further awards of 
share appreciation rights have been made under the Company’s Employee Share Option Scheme 
(‘Scheme’). 

The Committee makes annual awards of free shares in the form of nil cost options or a conditional 
right to acquire shares which vest after three years subject to the extent that the performance targets 
attached to the awards have been achieved.

Awards will usually be granted within a period of 42 days from the release of the annual financial 
results and will be calculated using the market value of the shares at the date of grant.

The LTIP performance period will be three years and the commencement date of the performance 
period is at the discretion of the Committee. 

Malus provisions exist so that the awards may be reduced or further conditions imposed in the case 
of financial misstatement, the misleading of shareholders or management/the Board regarding 
technical or financial performance, serious misconduct or conduct that results in a serious loss to the 
Company. 

The Committee has discretion to amend the size and constitution of the peer group to ensure that it 
remains an appropriate comparator group and to reflect any corporate deals.

The Company has an employee benefit trust which can purchase shares in the market and/or 
subscribe for shares to satisfy the exercise/vesting of awards under the LTIP.

Opportunity  

The maximum annual award is 200% of salary.

Performance metrics 

Performance measurement will be TSR measured against a peer group based on an average price 
over a 90 day dealing period to be agreed by the Committee measured against the average 90 day 
dealing period up to the end of the three year performance period.

Awards vest on a sliding scale from 35% up to 100% for performance between the median and highest 
performing stock. In respect of the LTIP awards made to S J Moody and S MacDonald in 2014, 133% 
and 116% of awards will vest for first and second peer group ranking respectively. Having regard 
to industry conditions, the Committee exercised its discretion to vary the additional performance 
condition attached to the LTIP awards granted in October 2013 and March 2014 so that the period for 
achievement of the £1.80 hurdle rate required for the awards to vest is extended to 31 March 2023.  
At the same time the Committee has varied the vesting conditions for existing LTIP awards so that  
no awards will vest for performance in the bottom two quartiles.

The Committee has discretion to scale back the percentage of awards that will vest if it considers that 
this is appropriate having regard to underlying Company performance.

Share Incentive Plan (SIP)

Purpose and link to strategy 

To encourage share ownership in Rockhopper.

Operation  

Opportunity  

A tax-advantaged scheme under which employees (including executive directors) can elect to make 
contributions from gross salary for the purchase of Rockhopper shares which are then matched by 
the Company at a ratio agreed by the Committee at the beginning of each tax year. The Committee can 
also decide to make an award of ‘free’ shares up to legislative limits in any one tax year. The shares 
need to be held for a term of five years to obtain the full tax benefit of the SIP. There is a qualification 
period of three months from joining before employees are eligible to participate.

Since the implementation of the SIP the Committee has approved its operation up to the maximum 
permissible limits so that employees receive two ‘matching’ shares for every one ‘partnership’ 
share purchased and an annual award of free shares at or below HMRC limits. Directors and senior 
employees have on occasion been precluded from participating where the Company has been in a 
close period at the time of the awards. 

Performance metrics  

Not applicable for the SIP.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Governance

Cash Incentive Plan (CIP) for Chief Operating Officer (‘COO’) 
Purpose and link to strategy 

To act as a retention incentive to the COO whom the Board have identified as a key contributor to 
delivery of the Company’s objectives.

To reflect the additional responsibilities on her promotion to the role of COO.

Operation  

An exceptional one-off award of 312,849 shares was made to the COO on 23 December 2013. 

The award was made on the same basis as the 2013 LTIP awards (see the Directors’ Remuneration 
Report for the year ended 31 March 2014).

Opportunity  

The award is a one-off award based on 200% of salary.

Performance metrics 

As for the 2013 LTIP awards with the exception of the £1.80 hurdle rate (as described in the LTIP 
section of the Executive Director Policy section of the Report) which has been removed since the end 
of the financial period. The hurdle rate has been removed on condition that the proceeds from the 
vesting of the CIP award, after deductions for income tax and national insurance contributions, are 
re-invested in Rockhopper shares to be held for a minimum of three years.

Further details on the policy

Performance measurement
Annual bonus – the annual bonus is based on a range of objectives that the Board have agreed are key to progressing and delivering the 
Company’s strategy. These can be operational, strategic and financial. Performance targets are designed to be stretching but achievable 
having regard to the Company’s strategic priorities and external factors such as the activities of joint venture partners and the economic 
environment. 

LTIP – the LTIP ensures alignment with shareholders being based on relative Total Shareholder Return measured against a peer group 
of other oil and gas companies comprising FTSE 250, larger AIM oil and gas and Falkland Island oil and gas companies. The Committee 
has determined that the minimum number of companies in the peer group will be nine but intends to increase the size of the peer group 
for future LTIP awards to reduce the impact of corporate activity on the size and structure of the peer group. The Committee will also have 
regard to the underlying performance of the Company when confirming the vesting of LTIP awards to ensure that the impact of external 
factors is taken into consideration where appropriate.

Remuneration policy for other employees and consultation
The Company’s policy for all employees is to provide remuneration packages that reward them fairly for their contribution and role within 
the Company. 

All employees are entitled to receive the full range of Company benefits but with different qualifying periods and levels of cover depending 
on seniority. All employees are eligible to receive an annual bonus based on performance against individual targets which are cascaded 
down from the corporate targets. The maximum level of bonus is 100% of salary but this will only be awarded in exceptional circumstances 
and where underlying Company performance is strong. 

All employees are eligible to participate in the SIP. The Committee has stated that the LTIP will be used for executive directors and senior 
staff. This ensures that an element of remuneration is deliverable through a scheme that aligns participants with shareholders. 

The Company does not consult with employees on the effectiveness and appropriateness of the policy but, in considering individual salary 
increases, the Committee does have regard to an employee’s location and to salary increases across the Company. 

Recruitment 
In the case of recruiting a new executive director, the Committee can use all the existing components of remuneration as set out in the 
policy table. 

The salary of a new appointee will be determined by reference to the experience and skills of the individual, market data, internal relativities 
and the candidate’s current remuneration. New appointees may be entitled to receive the full range of Company benefits on joining and, if 
the Committee considers it appropriate, a relocation allowance and an annual contribution of up to 10% of base salary to the group personal 
pension plan. The new appointee will also be eligible to participate in the Company’s SIP after a qualifying period. 

36 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
Governance

In relation to any elements of variable pay, the Committee will take the following approach:

Component 

Approach 

Maximum annual opportunity 

Annual Bonus 

LTIP 

The annual bonus would operate as outlined in the Policy for existing 
executive directors. The relevant maximum will be pro-rated to reflect 
the period of employment over the year. Consideration will be given to 
the appropriate performance targets at the time of joining.

The LTIP would operate as outlined in the policy for existing directors. 
An award may be granted on joining subject to the Company being in an 
open dealing period. The Committee would retain discretion to decide 
on the scale, performance period and performance targets attaching to 
any award.

100% of base salary in any financial year

200% of base salary in any financial year

In the case of an external hire, the Committee may deem it appropriate to ‘buy-out’ incentive or benefit arrangements which the new 
appointee would have to forfeit on leaving their previous employer. The Committee would consider the potential value of the arrangement 
being forfeited and wherever possible would use the existing components of the Company’s remuneration structure to compensate the 
incoming director. The value of any buy-out arrangements would be capped at no higher, on recruitment, than the awards or benefits which 
the individual forfeited on leaving their previous employer. In the case of an internal hire, the new appointee may retain awards made to 
him/her under arrangements entered into prior to appointment to the Board even if such awards are not within the directors’ remuneration 
policy as outlined in the policy table.

Service contracts, exit payments and change of control provisions 
The executive directors have rolling term service agreements with the Company. Details of the directors’ service contracts and appointment 
dates are as follows:

Executive Directors 

S J Moody 

S MacDonald 

F M MacAulay 

Appointment date 

Original contract 

Revised contract

21 February 2005 

8 August 2005 

8 March 2011

10 March 2014 

27 March 2014 

15 March 2013 

10 January 2011 

—

—

The directors’ service contracts are available to view at the Company’s registered office and prior to each Annual General Meeting at the 
venue for the meeting. 

The notice period for the executive directors is 12 months’ notice in writing by either party. The Company has the right to make a payment 
in lieu of notice of 12 months’ salary and the fair value of any benefits. There is no entitlement to payment for any accrued holiday where a 
payment in lieu of notice is made. The Committee will consider termination payments on a case-by-case basis. It will consider the terms of 
the director’s contract and the circumstances of the termination and might consider making an ex gratia payment where the circumstances 
and/or a director’s contribution to the Company justifies this. If an ex gratia payment is to be made, the Committee will ensure that it is 
satisfied that it is in the best interests of the Company to make such a payment and that there is no “reward for failure”.

The Committee also has discretion to settle any other amounts which it considers are reasonably due to the director such as where the 
parties agree to enter into a settlement agreement and the individual is required to seek independent legal advice. The Committee can 
approve new contractual arrangements with a departing director covering matters such as confidentiality or restrictive covenants and/or 
consultancy arrangements where it believes this is in the best interests of the Company.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

37

 
 
 
Governance

Treatment of incentives for leavers
In relation to annual bonuses, a bonus payment will not usually be made if the director is under notice at the bonus payment date or has 
already left. In the event of a change of control, the Committee retains the right to declare a bonus in respect of the part of the year worked 
prior to the change of control becoming effective.

In relation to awards granted under the LTIP, awards will generally lapse on the date of cessation of employment except in certain ‘good 
leaver’ circumstances which are generally defined as retirement, ill-health, disability, death, redundancy, transfer or sale of the employing 
company or any other circumstances at the discretion of the Committee. In these circumstances any unvested award will usually continue 
and vest on the normal vesting date. The Committee will decide the extent to which the unvested award will vest taking into account (i) the 
period of time that has elapsed since the start of the performance period and (ii) the extent to which any performance target is satisfied at 
the date the director ceases to be employed by the Company. Final treatment is subject to the Committee’s discretion.

In relation to options and share appreciation rights (SARs) granted under the Company’s Employee Share Option Scheme, both options 
and SARs will generally lapse on the date of cessation of employment except in certain ‘good leaver’ circumstances which are generally 
defined as retirement, ill-health, disability, death, redundancy, transfer or sale of the employing company or any other circumstances at the 
discretion of the Committee. In the case of death, the option shall be exercisable immediately for a period of one year from the date of death. 
In other good leaver circumstances any option or SAR will be exercisable for a period of six months from the date of cessation, subject to: (i) 
the period of time that has elapsed since the start of the performance period; and (ii) the extent to which any performance target is satisfied 
at the date the director ceases to be employed by the Company. Where the Committee exercises its discretion to allow a leaver to be a good 
leaver, the Committee may also determine both the proportion of the option that may be exercised and the period during which the option is 
exercised. 

In the event of termination of employment or a change of control, shares held under the SIP will be dealt with in accordance with the SIP 
rules. The Committee does not have any discretion in relation to the operation of the SIP.

External appointments
Executive directors are permitted to engage in other activities and businesses outside the Group provided that there is no risk of conflict 
with their executive duties and subject to full Board disclosure.

38 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

Governance

Non-Executive Director Policy
The Company’s Articles of Association provide that the Board can determine the level of fees to be paid to the non-executive directors within 
limits set by the shareholders. This is currently set at an aggregate of £500,000 per annum. The Policy for the Chairman and non-executive 
directors is as follows:

Fees

Purpose and link to strategy  

To provide a competitive level of fee which will attract and retain high calibre directors with the 
range of skills and experience required to support the executive directors and assist the Company in 
delivering its objectives.

Operation  

The fees for the Chairman and non-executive directors are determined by the Board as a whole with 
directors absenting from discussions regarding their own remuneration.

The Board has regard to level of fees paid to the non-executive directors of other similar sized 
companies and the time commitment and responsibilities of the role.

Neither the Chairman nor the non-executive directors participate in any of the Company’s share 
schemes.

Opportunity  

The current annual fees are: 

Chairman: £140,000 

Non-executive director basic fee: £40,000

Committee Chairmanship: £10,000 

Senior Independent Director: £5,000

The fee levels will be reviewed on a periodic basis with reference to the time commitment of the role and 
fee levels in comparative companies.

No benefits or other remuneration are provided.

Performance metrics 

Not applicable to non-executive directors.

Recruitment
The Committee will follow the non-executive director remuneration policy as set out above in relation to the appointment of a new non-
executive director.

Terms of appointment 
The non-executive directors do not have service contracts but have been appointed for terms of three years from 30 September 2013 or 
their date of appointment if later. The appointment can be terminated at any time by either party giving one month’s notice to the other. 
Details of appointment are set out below:

Director 

P J Jungels (Chairman) 

D McManus 

R J Peters 

K G Lough 

A J Summers 

T P Bushell 

J E Martin 

Appointment date  

Original engagement letter 

Revised engagement letter 

21 February 2005 

8 August 2005 

29 October 2013

30 September 2010 

30 November 2010 

29 October 2013

30 September 2010 

30 November 2010 

29 October 2013

14 January 2014 

14 January 2014 

1 February 2014 

3 February 2014 

18 January 2016 

18 January 2016 

18 January 2016 

18 January 2016 

—

—

—

—

Directors are subject to annual re-election by shareholders at the Annual General Meeting in accordance with the 2014 UK Corporate 
Governance Code and each director is subject to election by shareholders at the first Annual General Meeting following their appointment. 
The directors’ letters of appointment are available to view at the Company’s registered office and prior to each Annual General Meeting at 
the venue for the meeting.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Governance

Report on Remuneration

Remuneration Committee membership and meetings
As at 31 December 2015, the Committee comprised three independent non-executive directors. The Committee met five times during the 
financial period. The members of the Committee during the year and as at the year end and their attendance are summarised below:

Committee member  

D McManus – Committee Chairman 

K G Lough 

R J Peters 

Meeting attendance

5/5

5/5

4/5

During the financial period, the Committee’s main areas of activity included:

•  Confirming the salary adjustments for 2015 and bonus awards for the period ended 31 December 2014. 

•  Setting the targets for the bonus awards for the bonus scheme for the forthcoming financial year.

•  Approving the Directors’ Remuneration Report for the period ended 31 December 2014.

•  Approving the 2015 LTIP awards and reviewing the constitution of the peer group.

•  Overseeing the operation of the Employee Benefit Trust including the use of the EBT to purchase exercised share options.

•  Approving the annual implementation of the SIP.

•  Considering the Company’s recruitment plans.

•  Considering the implementation of a minimum shareholding requirement for executive directors.

The company secretary acted as secretary to the Committee and provided advice in relation to the operation and implementation of 
incentive schemes and remuneration packages. The Chairman of the Board attended Committee meetings as appropriate.

The Board considers that the membership of the Committee is compliant with the 2014 UK Corporate Governance Code. No individual is 
involved in determining their own remuneration. 

External advice
The Committee received advice from Addleshaw Goddard in relation to the operation of the share schemes and the operation of the EBT. 
The Committee considers that the advice it received during the financial period was objective and independent.

Total Remuneration
The table below reports a single figure for total remuneration for each executive director: 

Salary 
£’000 

Taxable benefits 
£’000 

Annual bonus 
£’000 

Long-term 
Incentives 
£’000 

Pension 
£’000 

SIP awards 
£’000 

Total 
£’000

Nine 
Year  months 
ended 
31 Dec 
2014 

ended 
31 Dec 
2015 

Nine 
Year  months 
ended 
31 Dec 
2014 

ended 
31 Dec  
2015 

Nine 
Year  months 
ended 
31 Dec  
2014 

ended 
31 Dec  
2015 

Nine 
Year  months 
ended 
31 Dec  
2014 

ended 
31 Dec  
2015 

Nine 
Year  months 
ended 
31 Dec 
2014 

ended 
31 Dec  
2015 

Nine 
Year  months 
ended 
31 Dec 
2014 

ended 
31 Dec  
2015 

Nine
Year  months 
ended 
31 Dec 
2014

ended 
31 Dec  
2015 

362.1  266.3 

317.8  232.5 

297.0  202.5 

2.9 

3.0 

2.0 

2.2  253.5  221.9  318.8(1)  213.6  36.2 

2.9  222.4  193.8  — 

—  31.8 

1.4  207.9  168.8  — 

—  29.7 

26.6 

23.3 

20.3 

6.6 

6.6 

6.6 

2.7  980.1  733.3

2.7  581.6  455.2

2.5  543.2  395.5

S J Moody 

F M MacAulay 

S MacDonald 

(1) This amount represents the gross proceeds on the exercise of share options in April 2015. S J Moody and P J Jungels elected to sell sufficient shares from the exercise of options 
to discharge the cost of exercise and tax and national insurance obligations where due. The balance of the shares were retained by S J Moody and P J Jungels. The share option 
held by P J Jungels had been granted to him when he was Executive Chairman.

40 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Governance

The table below reports a single figure for total remuneration for each non-executive director:

Base fee 
£’000 

Additional fees 
£’000 

Long term incentives 
£’000 

Year ended 
ended 
31 December 
2015 

Nine months 
ended 

Year ended 
ended 
31 December  31 December 
2015 

2014 

Nine months 
ended 

Year ended 
ended 
31 December  31 December 
2015 

2014 

Nine months 
ended 

Year ended 
ended 
31 December  31 December 
2015 

2014 

P J Jungels  

R J Peters 

D McManus 

K G Lough 

A J Summers 

140.0 

105.0 

40.0 

40.0 

40.0 

40.0 

30.0 

30.0 

30.0 

30.0 

— 

5.0 

10.0 

10.0 

— 

— 

3.8 

7.5 

7.5 

— 

318.8(1) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

458.8 

45.0 

50.0 

50.0 

40.0 

Total
£’000

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014

105

33.8

37.5

37.5

30.0

(1) This amount represents the gross proceeds on the exercise of share options in April 2015. S J Moody and P J Jungels elected to sell sufficient shares from the exercise of options 
to discharge the cost of exercise and tax and national insurance obligations where due. The balance of the shares were retained by S J Moody and P J Jungels. The share option 
held by P J Jungels had been granted to him when he was Executive Chairman.

R J Peters is Senior Independent Director.

D McManus is Chairman of the Remuneration Committee.

K G Lough is Chairman of the Audit & Risk Committee.

No fees were paid to non-executive directors for membership of a committee or for attending committee meetings. Additional fees were 
payable of £5,000 for acting as Senior Independent Director and £10,000 as Chairman of the Audit and Risk Committee and Remuneration 
Committee. The Chairman of the Company does not receive any additional fees for chairing the Nomination Committee. 

Additional information in respect of single figure table of remuneration for nine months ended 31 December 2015

Annual bonus
In respect of the financial period, the Committee agreed that the executive director annual bonus opportunity would be up to 100 per cent of 
base salary and that the executive directors would be treated as a team for the purpose of objective setting. The following objectives were 
agreed for the financial year, each of which had an equal weighting:

•  Completion of a safe and successful exploration campaign in the North Falkland Basin. 

•  Achievement of specific milestones for the Final Investment Decision for the Sea Lion Development. 

•  New venture activity to enhance the Company’s portfolio of assets in its strategic areas of interest.

•  Progressing funding alternatives for the uncarried Sea Lion Development costs.

The Committee agreed the extent to which the targets had been achieved in respect of the year ended 31 December 2015:

(i)  Completion of a safe and successful exploration campaign in the North Falkland Basin: Contingent resources in excess of 75mmbls 

had been discovered with no HSE issues arising. The Committee agreed that this target had been achieved in full.

(ii)  Achievement of specific milestones for the Final Investment Decision on the Sea Lion Development: The FEED contract for the FPSO 

provider had been awarded on 12th January 2016 and the SURF FEED contract was awarded in February 2016. The Field Development 
Plan had been submitted to FIG. The Committee agreed that this target had been achieved in full. 

(iii)  New venture activity to enhance the Company’s portfolio of assets in its strategic areas of interest: The merger with Falkland Oil and 

Gas Limited had completed in January 2016. The acquisition of Beach Petroleum (Egypt) Pty Limited had not completed due to the 
exercise of pre-emption rights by one of Beach’s partners. The Committee agreed that this target had been partially achieved.

(iv)  Progressing funding alternatives for the uncarried Sea Lion development costs – indicative support for reserve based lending had been 
received from various banks. Considerable work had been done on the CPR but it had not yet been completed due to delays in the 
drilling programme. Further work to complete the CPR would be required in 2016. The Committee agreed that this target had been 
partially achieved.

The Committee recognised the considerable progress that had been achieved against the 2015 corporate targets and agreed that it was 
appropriate to award a bonus of 70% of basic salary to each of the executive directors. The Committee also agreed that the executive 
directors should continue to be treated as a team for the purpose of bonus awards and that each of them should receive the same 
percentage bonus. 

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
Governance

Annual bonuses were paid in cash and were as follows:

Director 

S J Moody 

F M MacAulay  

S MacDonald 

Bonus as % of salary 

70.0 

70.0 

70.0 

Cash £

253,470

222,425

207,900

LTIP awards granted during the financial year
The table below summarises the LTIP awards granted to executive directors during the financial year in accordance with the policy. 

Director 

S J Moody 

F MacAulay 

S MacDonald  

Basis of award 

(% of base 

salary) 

150 

150 

150 

Date of grant 

13 April 2015 

13 April 2015 

13 April 2015 

Share price 

at date of 

grant 

£0.635 

£0.635 

£0.635 

Number of 

shares over which  

LTIP option 

awarded 

855,354 

750,591 

701,575 

Exercise 

price 

— 

— 

— 

Maximum 

number of 

shares that 

may vest 

855,354 

750,591 

701,575 

Face value 
 of award (1)

£543,150

£476,625

£445,500

(1) The face value of the awards is calculated using the share price at the date of grant. The actual value of the awards to participants will be dependent on the percentage of the 

award that vests and the share price at the date of exercise.

The key features of the 2015 LTIP awards are as follows:

•  Awards are in the form of nil cost options.

•  Performance will be measured over the three year period to 31 March 2018.

•  Performance measurement is based on the average price over the 90 day dealing period to 31 March 2018 measured against the 90 day 

dealing period up to 31 March 2015.

•  Performance is based on Total Shareholder Return (‘TSR’) measured against an original peer group of 10 other oil and gas companies 
comprising EnQuest, Salamander Energy, Amerisur Resources, Providence Resources, Ithaca Energy, Petroceltic International, Faroe 
Petroleum, Bowleven, Borders & Southern and Falkland Oil and Gas. The Committee has discretion to amend the size and constitution of 
the peer group to ensure that it remains appropriate and has agreed to introduce Premier Oil and Hurricane Energy as replacements for 
Falkland Oil and Gas Limited which merged with the Company in January 2016 and Salamander Energy plc which was acquired by Ophir 
Energy Plc in March 2015. 

•  Awards will vest on a sliding scale from 35% up to a maximum of 100% for performance in the top two quartiles with no awards vesting 

for performance in the bottom two quartiles.

Implementation of executive director remuneration policy for 2016

Base salaries
As part of the annual remuneration review, the Committee considered industry and general economic conditions in the UK and had regard 
to current market practice in relation to salary adjustments. In the light of this review, the Committee agreed that no salary increases 
should be awarded for 2016.

Annual bonus
For 2016, the executive director annual bonus opportunity is up to 100 per cent of base salary. The Committee has agreed that the executive 
directors will be treated as a team for the purpose of objective setting and has agreed the following objectives for the financial year ending 
31 December 2016:

•   Bringing an additional paying partner into the Sea Lion Development Project. 

•  Completion of a Competent Person’s Report that meets specific objectives set by the Board.

•  Achievement of production related targets. 

•  Achievement of specific milestones for the Final Investment Decision for the Sea Lion Development. 

42 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Governance

Long Term Incentive Plan
The Committee intends to grant LTIP awards in 2016 in line with the Policy. The Committee will consider the appropriate performance 
period and quantum at the time of the awards. It is intended that the performance condition will remain as TSR measured against a peer 
group. The Committee intends to increase the size and structure of the peer group for the 2016 LTIP awards.

Benefits, pension contributions and share plans
The executive directors will receive the range of Company benefits, pension contributions and participation in the SIP in line with the policy.

Implementation of non-executive remuneration Policy for 2016
Non-executive director fees (excluding the Chairman) were last increased in 2014 and no further review is scheduled. The Chairman and 
non-executive director fees are set out in the table below:

Role 

Chairman 

Other non-executive directors 

Type of fee 

Total fee 

Basic fee 

Chairman of Remuneration and Audit & Risk Committees 

Senior Independent Director  

Statement of directors’ shareholdings 
The table below summarises the interests in shares including those held in the SIP of the directors in office at the year end:

From 1 April 2014

£140,000

£40,000

£10,000

£5,000

P J Jungels 

S J Moody 

F M MacAulay 

S MacDonald 

R J Peters 

D McManus 

K G Lough 

A J Summers 

At 31 December 2015 
Ordinary 1p shares 

At 31 December 2014 

Ordinary 1p shares

1,394,817 

2,022,556 

50,853 

23,846 

14,287 

132,803 

— —

— —

1,117,644

1,742,260

34,085

6,643

14,287

132,803

The Committee has agreed that the executive directors should be encouraged to build up a stake of Rockhopper shares equivalent to 
one times salary in the case of FM MacAulay and S MacDonald and two times salary in the case of S J Moody over a five year period. It is 
intended that this should be achieved through the retention of any vested LTIP awards and Share Appreciation Rights awarded under the 
Employee Share Option Scheme and that there should be no requirement for directors to purchase shares on the open market.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

43

 
 
 
 
Governance

Outstanding awards under the LTIP, Employee Share Option Scheme and Cash Incentive Plan

(a)  LTIP

Director 

S J Moody 

F MacAulay 

S MacDonald 

Date of 

Awards 

 held at  

Awards   Market price  

held at  

at date  

of award 

Performance  

period 

Earliest 

vesting 

date

grant 

31 Dec 2014 

Granted 

Lapsed 

Vested 

31 Dec 2015 

08.10.13 

508,007 

13.10.14 

665,625 

— 

— 

13.04.15 

— 

855,354 

08.10.13 

312,849 

13.10.14 

775,000 

— 

— 

13.04.15 

— 

750,591 

10.03.14 

201,117 

13.10.14 

506,250 

— 

— 

13.04.15 

701,575 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

508,007 

£1.3425  01.04.13-31.03.16 

31.03.16

665,625 

£0.7600  01.10.14-30.09.17 

30.09.17

855,534 

£0.6350  01.04.15-31.03.18 

31.03.18

312,849 

£1.3425  01.04.13-31.03.16 

31.03.16

775,000 

£0.7600  01.10.14-30.09.17 

30.09.17

750,591 

£0.6350  01.04.15-31.03.18 

31.03.18

201,117 

£1.1525  01.04.13-31.03.16 

31.03.16

506,250 

£0.7600  01.10.14-30.09.17 

30.09.17

701,575 

£0.6350  01.04.15-31.03.18 

31.03.18

(b)  Share options

The share options outstanding as at 31 December 2015 and held by individuals who were directors during the year are:

Director 

P J Jungels 

S J Moody 

Date of grant 

08.08.05 

08.08.05 

Awards held at  

31 December 2014 

1,500,000 

1,500,000 

3,000,000 

Exercised during 

 the year 

1,500,000 

1,500,000 

3,000,000 

Awards held at  

31 December 2015 

— 

— 

—

Exercise price 

£

0.42

0.42

(c)  Share appreciation rights

The share appreciation rights outstanding as at 31 December 2015 and held by individuals who were directors during the year ended 31 
December 2015 are:

Director 

SJ Moody 

F M MacAulay 

Awards held at  

Exercised during  

Lapsed during 

Awards held at  

Exercise price 

Date of grant 

31 December 2014 

the period 

 the period 

31 December 2015 

11.01.11 

17.01.12 

30.01.13 

11.01.11 

17.01.12 

30.01.13 

76,056 

77,777 

91,077 

15,929 

22,505 

49,086 

332,430 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

76,056 

77,777 

91,077 

15,929 

22,505 

49,086 

332,430 

Pence

372.75

303.75

159.00

372.75

303.75

159.00

(d)  Cash Incentive Plan

The award was made on the same basis as the 2013 LTIP awards in relation to performance measurement and conditions. Since the 
end of the year the Committee has agreed to remove the £1.80 hurdle rate on condition that the net proceeds from the vesting of the 
CIP award are re-invested in Rockhopper shares to be held for a minimum of three years. Details of the award are as follows:

Director 

F M MacAulay 

Date of grant 

23.12.13 

Number of 

notional shares 

awarded 

312,849 

Market price  

at date of 

award 

Performance 

 period 

£1.3425  01.04.13-31.03.16 

Earliest vesting 

date

31.03.16

44 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Governance

Share price movements during year ended 31 December 2015
The mid market closing price of the Company’s shares as at 31 December 2015 was 27.75 pence (31 December 2014: 65.75 pence).  
The range of the trading price of the Company’s shares during the year was between 83.00 pence and 24.00 pence. 

Executive director external appointments
None of the executive directors have any external directorships for which they are paid a fee. 

By order of the Board

D McManus
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee

12 April 2016

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

45

Governance

Statutory information

Principal activity
The principal activity of the Group is the exploration and exploitation 
of its oil and gas acreage. Group strategy is to explore, appraise, 
develop and manage production from its acreage both safely and 
responsibly. 

Political and charitable contributions
The Group made no charitable donations (period ended  
31 December 2014: £nil) and no political donations (period ended  
31 December 2014: £nil) during the period.

Results and dividends
The trading results for the period, and the Group’s financial 
position at the end of the period are shown in the attached financial 
statements. The directors have not recommended a dividend for the 
year (period ended 31 December 2014: £nil).

Key performance indicators “KPIs”
See page 10 for more details.

Substantial shareholders
At 23 March 2016 the Company had been notified of the following 
interests of three percent or more of the Company’s voting rights.

Shareholder/Fund manager 

UBS Investment Bank 

Carlson Capital 

FMR LLC & FIL Ltd (Fidelity) 

Majedie Asset Management 

Royal London Asset Management  

Odey Asset Management 

Credit Suisse 

Number of 
shares 

33,227,447 

24,911,045 

23,840,431 

20,044,687 

17,758,583 

14,808,732 

14,292,898 

Percentage  
of issued  
share capital

7.28%

5.46%

5.22%

4.39%

3.89%

3.25%

3.13%

Directors 
The present members of the board are as listed in the board of 
directors section. The interests of the directors in office at the period 
end in the share capital of the Company are shown in the directors’ 
remuneration report along with details of their service contracts and 
terms of appointment.

Post balance sheet events
Particulars of important events affecting the Group since the 
financial year end are set out in note 30.

Principal risks and uncertainties
Information relating to the principal risks and uncertainties facing 
the Group is set out in the Risk Management report section of the 
Strategic report and note 31.

Related party transactions
Related party transactions are disclosed in note 28.

Financial instruments
For the period under review the Group held no financial instruments, 
outside of cash and receivables. Financial risk management policies 
are disclosed in note 31. 

Creditor payment policy
The Group does not follow any specific code or standard on payment 
practice. However, it is the policy of the Group to ensure that all of its 
suppliers of goods and services are paid promptly and in accordance 
with contractual and legal obligations. Average creditor days for the 
period were 10 days (period ended 31 December 2014: 46 days), on 
the basis of accounts payable as a percentage of amounts invoiced 
during the period.

Qualifying indemnity provisions
The Company has entered into separate indemnity deeds with each 
director containing qualifying indemnity provisions, as defined at 
section 236 of the Companies Act 2006, under which the Company 
has agreed to indemnify them in respect of certain liabilities which 
may attach to them as a director or as a former director of the 
Company. At the date of this directors’ report indemnity deeds 
containing qualifying indemnity provisions are in force for all of the 
Company’s directors. The Company has also issued an indemnity 
to directors and the company secretary in respect of any personal 
liability to Falkland Islands tax by the Company or its subsidiaries.

Directors’ and Officers’ insurance
The Group maintained directors’ and officers’ liability insurance 
cover throughout the period. The directors are also able to obtain 
independent legal advice at the expense of the Group, as necessary, 
in their capacity as directors.

Employees
The Group had 39 employees at the year end, three of whom are 
directors. As at 31 March 2016 the number of staff had reduced to 
33 following a review of staffing levels. The Group seeks to employ 
people on the basis of merit and ability to perform the required 
roles. The Group does not discriminate on any grounds including 
race, gender, religion, age, nationality or sexual orientation.

Environment
The Group’s operations are, and will be, subject to environmental 
regulation (with regular environmental impact assessments and 
evaluation of operations required before any permits are granted 
to the Group) in the jurisdiction in which it operates. Although the 
Group intends to be in compliance with all applicable environmental 
laws and regulations, there are certain risks inherent to its activities, 
such as accidental spills, leakages or other circumstances, that 
could subject the Group to extensive liability. Further, the Group 
may fail to obtain the required approval from the relevant authorities 
necessary for it to undertake activities which are likely to impact the 
environment. The Group is unable to predict the effect of additional 
environmental laws and regulations which may be adopted in 
the future, including whether any such laws or regulations would 
materially increase the Group’s cost of doing business or affect its 
operations in any area.

46 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
Governance

Statement of Directors’ responsibilities in respect of the strategic 
report, the Directors’ report and the financial statements 
The directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic Report, 
the Directors’ Report and the Group and Parent Company financial 
statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations. 

The directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of 
the corporate and financial information included on the Company’s 
website. Legislation in the UK governing the preparation and 
dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation  
in other jurisdictions.

Jan Davies
Company Secretary

12 April 2016

Company law requires the directors to prepare Group and Parent 
Company financial statements for each financial year. As required 
by the AIM Rules of the London Stock Exchange they are required to 
prepare the Group financial statements in accordance with IFRSs as 
adopted by the EU and applicable law and have elected to prepare 
the parent company financial statements in accordance with UK 
Accounting Standards and applicable law (UK Generally Accepted 
Accounting Practice), including FRS101 Reduced Disclosure 
Framework.

Under company law the directors must not approve the financial 
statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair 
view of the state of affairs of the Group and Parent Company and of 
their profit or loss for that period. In preparing each of the Group and 
Parent Company financial statements, the directors are required to: 

•  select suitable accounting policies and then apply them 

consistently; 

•  make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and 

prudent; 

•  for the Group financial statements, state whether they have been 

prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the EU; 

•  for the parent company financial statements, state whether 

applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject 
to any material departures disclosed and explained in the 
financial statements; and 

•  prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis 
unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Group and the 
Parent Company will continue in business. 

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting 
records that are sufficient to show and explain the parent company’s 
transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time 
the financial position of the parent company and enable them to 
ensure that its financial statements comply with the Companies Act 
2006. They have general responsibility for taking such steps as are 
reasonably open to them to safeguard the assets of the Group and to 
prevent and detect fraud and other irregularities. 

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

47

Governance

Independent auditor’s report  
to the members of Rockhopper Exploration plc

Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 
In our opinion the information given in the Strategic Report and 
the Directors’ Report for the financial year for which the financial 
statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements. 

Based solely on the work required to be undertaken in the course of 
the audit of the financial statements and from reading the Strategic 
report and the Directors’ report:

•  we have not identified material misstatements in those reports; 

and

•  in our opinion, those reports have been prepared in accordance 

with the Companies Act 2006. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where 
the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our 
opinion: 

•  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent 
company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been 
received from branches not visited by us; or 

•  the parent company financial statements are not in agreement 

with the accounting records and returns; or 

•  certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by  

law are not made; or 

•  we have not received all the information and explanations  

we require for our audit. 

Lynton Richmond (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
for and on behalf of KPMG LLP, Statutory Auditor 
Chartered Accountants 
15 Canada Square
London
E14 5GL

12 April 2016

We have audited the financial statements of Rockhopper Exploration 
Plc for the year ended 31 December 2015 set out on pages 49 to 
87. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in 
the preparation of the Group financial statements is applicable 
law and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as 
adopted by the EU. The financial reporting framework that has 
been applied in the preparation of the parent company financial 
statements is applicable law and UK Accounting Standards (UK 
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including FRS101 Reduced 
Disclosure Framework.

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in 
accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. 
Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the 
company’s members those matters we are required to state to them 
in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent 
permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to 
anyone other than the company and the company’s members, as a 
body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have 
formed. 

Respective responsibilities of Directors and Auditor 
As explained more fully in the Directors’ Responsibilities Statement 
set out on page 47, the directors are responsible for the preparation 
of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give 
a true and fair view. Our responsibility is to audit, and express an 
opinion on, the financial statements in accordance with applicable 
law and International Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland). Those 
standards require us to comply with the Auditing Practices Board’s 
Ethical Standards for Auditors. 

Scope of the audit of the financial statements 
A description of the scope of an audit of financial statements is 
provided on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at  
www.frc.org.uk/auditscopeukprivate. 

Opinion on financial statements 
In our opinion: 

•  the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state  
of the Group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at  
31 December 2015 and of the group’s profit for the year then ended; 

•  the group financial statements have been properly prepared in 

accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the EU; 

•  the parent company financial statements have been properly 

prepared in accordance with UK Generally Accepted Accounting 
Practice; and

•  the financial statements have been prepared in accordance  

with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

48 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

Group income statement
for the year ended 31 December 2015  

Revenue 

Other cost of sales 

Depreciation and impairment of oil and gas assets 

Total cost of sales 

Gross loss 

Exploration and evaluation expenses 

Costs in relation to acquisition 

Other administrative costs 

Total administrative expenses 

Charge for share based payments 

Foreign exchange movement 

Results from operating activities 

Finance income 

Finance expense 

Loss before tax 

Tax  

Profit/(loss) for the year attributable to the equity shareholders of the parent company 

Profit/(loss) per share: cents

Basic 

Diluted 

All operating income and operating gains and losses relate to continuing activities.

Group statement of comprehensive income
for the year ended 31 December 2015

Profit/(loss) for the period 

Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations 

Accounts 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

Notes 

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

3,966 

(2,951) 

(8,098) 

(11,049) 

(7,083) 

(22,934) 

(1,544) 

(9,351) 

1,910

(554)

(3,416)

(3,970)

(2,060)

(1,782)

(1,899)

(8,134)

(10,895) 

(10,033)

(1,937) 

1,927 

(40,922) 

975 

(4,750) 

(44,697) 

55,395 

10,698 

3.65 

3.64 

(672)

6,516

(8,031)

657

(209)

(7,583)

(5)

(7,588)

(2.63)

(2.63)

4 

5 

6 

9 

10 

11 

11 

12 

13 

13 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

10,698 

(4,943) 

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

(7,588)

(4,217)

Total comprehensive profit/(loss) for the period 

5,755 

(11,805)

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
Accounts 

Group balance sheet 
as at 31 December 2015 

Non-current assets

Exploration and evaluation assets 

Property, plant and equipment 

Goodwill 

Other receivables 

Current assets

Inventories 

Other receivables 

Restricted cash 

Term deposits 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets 

Current liabilities

Other payables 

Tax payable 

Non-current liabilities

Tax payable 

Provisions 

Deferred tax liability 

Total liabilities 

Equity

Share capital 

Share premium 

Share based remuneration 

Own shares held in trust 

Merger reserve 

Foreign currency translation reserve 

Special reserve 

Retained losses 

Attributable to the equity shareholders of the company 

Total liabilities and equity 

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000

Notes 

14 

15 

16 

17 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

25 

25 

25 

25 

25 

25 

256,658 

204,164

12,637 

9,803 

— 

1,670 

6,199 

2,192 

60,000 

50,434 

399,593 

30,457 

9 

47,405 —

20,343 

39,145 

12,146

10,940

566

2,188

4,681

1,384

100,000

99,726

435,795

19,358

100,439

21,816

39,144

137,359 

180,757

4,910 

2,995 

5,491 

(3,513) 

11,112 

(9,160) 

4,854

662

4,960

(628)

11,112

(4,217)

472,967 

536,976

(222,568) 

(298,681)

262,234 

399,593 

255,038

435,795

These financial statements were approved by the directors and authorised for issue on 12 April 2016 and are signed on their behalf by:

Stewart MacDonald
Chief Financial Officer

50 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
Group statement of changes in equity
for the year ended 31 December 2015  

Share 
capital 
$’000 

Share 
premium 
$’000 

Share based 
remuneration 
$’000 

Shares held 
in trust 
$’000 

Merger 
reserve 
$’000 

Foreign 
currency
translation 
reserve 
$’000 

Special 
reserve 
$’000 

Retained 
losses 
$’000 

Total
equity
$’000

Balance at 31 March 2014 

4,711 

170 

4,597 

(354) 

(243) 

4,123 

541,964 

(300,513)  254,455

Accounts 

Total comprehensive loss for the period 

Acquisition of subsidiary 

Share based payments 

Share issues in relation to SIP 

Exercise of share options 

Purchase of own shares 

Other transfers 

— 

127 

— 

1 

15 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

77 

— 

— 

672 

— 

415 

(309) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(49) 

— 

(225) 

— 

11,355 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(4,123) 

(4,988) 

9,111 

— 

— 

— 

309 

— 

11,482

672

29

430

(225)

—

— 

(4,217) 

(7,588) 

(11,805)

Balance at 31 December 2014 

4,854 

662 

4,960 

(628) 

11,112 

(4,217)  536,976 

(298,681)  255,038

Total comprehensive income for the year 

Share based payments 

Share issues in relation to SIP 

Exercise of share options 

Purchase of own shares 

Other transfers 

— 

— 

3 

53 

— 

— 

— 

— 

186 

— 

1,937 

— 

— 

— 

(152) 

2,147 

(1,406) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(2,733) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(4,943) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

10,698 

— 

— 

5,755

1,937

37

1,406 

2,200

— 

(2,733)

(64,009) 

64,009 

—

Balance at 31 December 2015 

4,910 

2,995 

5,491 

(3,513) 

11,112 

(9,160)  472,967 

(222,568)  262,234

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

Group cash flow statement
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

Cash flows from operating activities

Net loss before tax 

Adjustments to reconcile net losses to cash:

Depreciation 

Impairment on property, plant and equipment 

Share based payment charge 

Exploration impairment expenses 

Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment 

Finance expense 

Finance income 

Foreign exchange 

Operating cash flows before movements in working capital 

Changes in:

Inventories 

Other receivables 

Payables 

Movement on other provisions 

Cash utilised by operating activities 

 Cash flows from investing activities

Capitalised expenditure on exploration and evaluation assets 

Purchase of property, plant and equipment 

Acquisition of subsidiary 

Interest 

Investing cash flows before movements in capital balances 

Changes in:

Restricted cash 

Term deposits 

Cash flow by investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities

Share options exercised 

Share incentive plan 

Purchase of own shares 

Finance expense 

Cash flow from financing activities 

Currency translation differences relating to cash and cash equivalents 

Net cash flow 

Cash and cash equivalents brought forward 

Cash and cash equivalents carried forward 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

Notes 

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

(44,697) 

(7,583)

15 

15 

9 

14 

10 

29 

2,744 

5,649 

1,937 

22,335 

12 3

4,742 

(800) 

(1,921) 

(9,999) 

291 

(981) 

3,765 

68 8

2,186

1,465

672

258

208

(470)

(6,349)

(9,610)

495

1,682

(3,812)

(6,856) 

(11,237)

(70,661) 

(10,258) 

— 

617 

(10,150)

(1,111)

(24,037)

673

(80,302) 

(34,625)

(826) 

40,000 

(41,128) 

2,200 

37 

(2,733) 

(18) 

(514) 

(794) 

(48,498) 

99,726 

50,434 

(953)

85,000

49,422

430

29

(225)

(20)

214

(1,155)

38,399

62,482

99,726

52 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
Accounts 

Notes to the group financial statements
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

1.  Accounting policies
1.1  Group and its operations

Rockhopper Exploration plc, ‘the Company’, a public limited company quoted on AIM, incorporated and domiciled in the United 
Kingdom (‘UK’), together with its subsidiaries collectively, the ‘Group’ holds certain exploration licences granted in 2004 and 2005 for 
the exploration and exploitation of oil and gas in the Falkland Islands. In 2014, it diversified its portfolio through the acquisition of an 
exploration and production company with operations principally based in Italy. The registered office of the Company is Hilltop Park, 
Devizes Road, Salisbury, SP3 4UF.

1.2  Statement of compliance

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted 
by the European Union and applied in accordance with UK company law. The consolidated financial statements were approved for issue 
by the board of directors on 12 April 2016 and are subject to approval at the Annual General Meeting of shareholders on 17 May 2016.

1.3  Basis of preparation

The results upon which these financial statements have been based were prepared using the accounting policies set out below.  
These policies have been consistently applied unless otherwise stated.

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention except, as set out in the accounting 
policies below, where certain items are included at fair value.

Items included in the results of each of the Group’s entities are measured in the currency of the primary economic environment in 
which that entity operates (the “functional currency”). The functional currency of the Mediterranean business unit is euros. All other 
members of the Group have a functional currency of US$.

All values are rounded to the nearest thousand dollars ($’000) or thousand pounds (£’000), except when otherwise indicated.

1.4  Change in accounting policy

Changes in accounting standards
In the current year new and revised standards, amendments and interpretations were effective and are applicable to the consolidated 
financial statements of the Group but did not affect amounts reported in these financial statements.

At the date of authorisation of this report the following standards and interpretations, which have not been applied in this report,  
were in issue but not yet effective: 

–  Annual improvements to IFRSs 2012-2014 cycle;

– 

IFRS9 Financial Instruments;

–  Amendments to IFRS11 Accounting for Acquisitions of Interests in Joint Operations;

– 

– 

IFRS15 Revenue from Contracts with customers;

IFRS16 Leases; and

–  Amendments to IAS16 and IAS38 Clarification of Acceptable Methods of Depreciation and Amortisation.

Management does not believe that the application of these standards will have a material impact on the financial statements. 

1.5  Going concern

At 31 December 2015, the Group had available cash and term deposits of $110 million. In addition the first phase of the Group’s main 
development, Sea Lion, is fully funded through a combination of Development Carries and a loan facility from the operator. 

It is for these reasons that the board is of the opinion, at the time of approving the financial statements, that the Group and Company has 
adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future, being at least twelve months from the date of approval 
of the financial statements. For this reason, the board has adopted the going concern basis in preparation of the financial statements.

1.6  Significant accounting policies
(A)  Basis of Accounting

The Group has identified the accounting policies that are most significant to its business operations and the understanding of its 
results. These accounting policies are those which involve the most complex or subjective decisions or assessments, and relate to the 
capitalisation of exploration expenditure. The determination of this is fundamental to the financial results and position and requires 
management to make a complex judgment based on information and data that may change in future periods.

Since these policies involve the use of assumptions and subjective judgments as to future events and are subject to change, the use of 
different assumptions or data could produce materially different results. The measurement basis that has been applied in preparing 
the results is historical cost with the exception of financial assets, which are held at fair value.

The significant accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the results are set out below.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

53

Accounts 

Notes to the group financial statements continued
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

1.  Accounting policies continued
1.6  Significant accounting policies continued
(B)  Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the results of Rockhopper Exploration plc and its subsidiary undertakings to the Balance 
Sheet date. Where subsidiaries follow differing accounting policies from those of the Group, those accounting policies have been 
adjusted to align with those of the Group. Inter-company balances and transactions between Group companies are eliminated on 
consolidation, though foreign exchange differences arising on inter-company balances between subsidiaries with differing functional 
currencies are not offset.

(C)  Segmental reporting

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker as 
required by IFRS8 Operating Segments. The chief operating decision maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing 
performance of the operating segments, has been identified as the board of directors.

The Group’s operations are made up of three segments, the oil and gas exploration activities in the geographical regions of the Falkland 
Islands and the Greater Mediterranean region as well as its corporate activities centered in the UK.

(D)  Oil and Gas Assets

The Group applies the successful efforts method of accounting for exploration and evaluation (“E&E”) costs, having regard to the 
requirements of IFRS6 – ‘Exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources’.

Exploration and evaluation (“E&E”) expenditure
Expensed exploration & evaluation costs
Expenditure on costs incurred prior to obtaining the legal rights to explore an area, geological and geophysical costs are expensed 
immediately to the income statement.

Capitalised intangible exploration and evaluation assets
All directly attributable E&E costs are initially capitalised in well, field, prospect, or other specific, cost pools as appropriate, pending 
determination.

Treatment of intangible E&E assets at conclusion of appraisal activities
Intangible E&E assets related to each cost pool are carried forward until the existence, or otherwise, of commercial reserves have 
been determined, subject to certain limitations including review for indications of impairment. If commercial reserves have been 
discovered, the carrying value, after any impairment loss, of the relevant E&E assets, are then reclassified as development and 
production assets within property plant and equipment. However, if commercial reserves have not been found, the capitalised costs 
are charged to expense.

The Group’s definition of commercial reserves for such purpose is proved and probable reserves on an entitlement basis. Proved 
and probable reserves are the estimated quantities of crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids which geological, geophysical 
and engineering data demonstrate with a specified degree of certainty (see below) to be recoverable in future years from known 
reservoirs and which are considered commercially producible. There should be a 50% statistical probability that the actual quantity of 
recoverable reserves will be more than the amount estimated as proved and probable. The equivalent statistical probabilities for the 
proven component of proved and probable reserves are 90%.

Such reserves may be considered commercially producible if management has the intention of developing and producing them and 
such intention is based upon:

– 

– 

– 

– 

a reasonable assessment of the future economics of such production;

a reasonable expectation that there is a market for all or substantially all the expected hydrocarbon production;

evidence that the necessary production, transmission and transportation facilities are available or can be made available; and

the making of a final investment decision.

54 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

Accounts 

1.  Accounting policies continued
1.6  Significant accounting policies continued

Furthermore:

(i) 

 Reserves may only be considered proved and probable if producibility is supported by either actual production or a conclusive 
formation test. The area of reservoir considered proved includes: (a) that portion delineated by drilling and defined by gas-oil and/
or oil-water contacts, if any, or both; and (b) the immediately adjoining portions not yet drilled, but which can be reasonably judged 
as economically productive on the basis of available geophysical, geological and engineering data. In the absence of information on 
fluid contacts, the lowest known structural occurrence of hydrocarbons controls the lower proved limit of the reservoir.

(ii) 

 Reserves which can be produced economically through application of improved recovery techniques (such as fluid injection) are 
only included in the proved and probable classification when successful testing by a pilot project, the operation of an installed 
programme in the reservoir, or other reasonable evidence (such as, experience of the same techniques on similar reservoirs or 
reservoir simulation studies) provides support for the engineering analysis on which the project or programme was based.

Development and production assets
Development and production assets, classified within property, plant and equipment, are accumulated generally on a field-by-field 
basis and represent the costs of developing the commercial reserves discovered and bringing them into production, together with the 
E&E expenditures incurred in finding commercial reserves transferred from intangible E&E assets.

Depreciation of producing assets
The net book values of producing assets are depreciated generally on a field-by-field basis using the unit-of-production method 
by reference to the ratio of production in the year and the related commercial reserves of the field, taking into account the future 
development expenditure necessary to bring those reserves into production.

Disposals
Net cash proceeds from any disposal of an intangible E&E asset are initially credited against the previously capitalised costs. Any 
surplus proceeds are credited to the income statement.

Decommissioning
Provision for decommissioning is recognised in full when the related facilities are installed. The amount recognised is the present 
value of the estimated future expenditure. A corresponding amount equivalent to the provision is also recognised as part of the cost of 
the related oil and gas property. This is subsequently depreciated as part of the capital costs of the production facilities. Any change 
in the present value of the estimated expenditure is dealt with prospectively as an adjustment to the provision and the oil and gas 
property. The unwinding of the discount is included in finance cost.

(E)  Capital commitments

Capital commitments include all projects for which specific board approval has been obtained up to the reporting date. Projects still 
under investigation for which specific board approvals have not yet been obtained are excluded.

(F)  Foreign currency translation

Functional and presentation currency
Items included in the results of each of the Group’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in 
which the entity operates, the functional currency. The consolidated financial statements are presented in US$ as this best reflects the 
economic environment of the oil exploration sector in which the Group operates. The Group maintains the accounts of the parent and 
subsidiary undertakings in their functional currency. Where applicable, the Group translates subsidiary accounts into the presentation 
currency, US$, using the closing rate method for assets and liabilities which are translated at the rate of exchange prevailing at the 
balance sheet date and rates at the date of transactions for income statement accounts. Differences are taken directly to reserves.

Transactions and balances
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the 
transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation at year 
end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are capitalised in the income statement, 
except when deferred in equity as qualifying cash flow hedges and qualifying net investment hedges.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

55

Accounts 

Notes to the group financial statements continued
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

1.  Accounting policies continued
1.6  Significant accounting policies continued
(F)  Foreign currency translation continued

The period end rates of exchange actually used were:

£ : US$ 

a : US$ 

(G)  Revenue and income

(i)  Revenue

31 December 2015 

31 December 2014

1.48 

1.09 

1.56

1.22

Revenue arising from the sale of goods is recognized when the significant risks and rewards of ownership have passed to the 
buyer, which is typically at the point that title passes, and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured at the  
fair value of the consideration received or receivable and represents amounts receivable for goods provided in the normal 
course of business, net of discounts, customs duties and sales taxes. 

(ii) 

Investment income
Investment income consists of interest receivable for the period. Interest income is recognised as it accrues, taking into  
account the effective yield on the investment.

(H)  Non-derivative financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised on the Group’s balance sheet when the Group has become a party to the 
contractual provisions of the instrument.

(i)  Other receivables

Other receivables are classified as loans and receivables and are initially recognised at fair value. They are subsequently 
measured at their amortised cost using the effective interest method less any provision for impairment. A provision for 
impairment is made where there is objective evidence that amounts will not be recovered in accordance with original terms  
of the agreement. A provision for impairment is established when the carrying value of the receivable exceeds the present  
value of the future cash flow discounted using the original effective interest rate. The carrying value of the receivable is  
reduced through the use of an allowance account and any impairment loss is recognised in the income statement.

(ii)  Term deposits

Term deposits are disclosed separately on the face of the balance sheet when their term is greater than three months  
and they are unbreakable.

(iii)  Restricted cash

Restricted cash is disclosed separately on the face of the balance sheet and denoted as restricted when it is not under the 
exclusive control of the Group.

(iv)  Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and at bank and other short-term deposits held by the Group including 
breakable and unbreakable deposits with terms of less than three months and breakable term deposits of greater terms than 
three months where amounts can be accessed within three months without material loss. They are stated at carrying value 
which is deemed to be fair value.

(v)  Financial liabilities and equity

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered 
into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Group after deducting all of its 
liabilities.

(vi)  Account and other payables

Account payables are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

(vii)  Equity instruments

Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

56 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
   
 
Accounts 

1.  Accounting policies continued
1.6  Significant accounting policies continued
Income taxes and deferred taxation
(I) 
The current tax expense is based on the taxable profits for the period, after any adjustments in respect of prior years. Tax, including  
tax relief for losses if applicable, is allocated over profits before tax and amounts charged or credited to reserves as appropriate.

Deferred taxation is recognised in respect of all taxable temporary differences that have originated but not reversed at the balance 
sheet date where a transaction or events have occurred at that date that will result in an obligation to pay more, or a right to pay less 
or to receive more, tax, with the exception that deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that the directors consider that 
it is probable that there will be suitable taxable profits from which the future reversal of the underlying temporary differences can be 
deducted.

Deferred tax is measured on an undiscounted basis at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the periods in which temporary 
differences reverse, based on tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.

(J)  Share based remuneration

The Group issues equity settled share based payments to certain employees. Equity settled share based payments are measured at  
fair value (excluding the effect of non market based vesting conditions) at the date of grant. The fair value determined at the grant date 
of the equity settled share based payments is expensed on a straight line basis over the vesting period, based on the Group’s estimate 
of shares that will eventually vest and adjusted for non market based vesting conditions. 

Fair value is measured by use of either Binomial or Monte-Carlo simulation. The main assumptions are disclosed in note 9.

Cash settled share based payment transactions result in a liability. Services received and liability incurred are measured initially at  
fair value of the liability at grant date, and the liability is remeasured each reporting period until settlement. The liability is recognised 
on a straight line basis over the period that services are rendered.

2.  Use of estimates, assumptions and judgements
The Group makes estimates, assumptions and judgements that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities. Estimates, 
assumptions and judgements are continually evaluated and based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of 
future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

The key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the balance sheet date, that have a 
significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are 
discussed below.

Carrying value of intangible exploration and evaluation assets (note 14) and property, plant and equipment (note 15)
The amounts for intangible exploration and evaluation assets represent active exploration and evaluation projects. These amounts 
will be written off to the income statement as exploration costs unless commercial reserves are established or the determination 
process is not completed and there are indications of impairment in accordance with the Group’s accounting policy. 

In addition for assets under evaluation where discoveries have been made, such as Sea Lion, and property plant and equipment 
assets their carrying value is checked by reference to the net present value of future cashflows which requires key assumptions 
and estimates in relation to: commodity prices that are based on forward curves for a number of years and the long-term corporate 
economic assumptions thereafter, discount rates that are adjusted to reflect risks specific to individual assets, the quantum of 
commercial reserves and the associated production and cost profiles. Future development costs are estimated taking into account  
the level of development required to produce the reserves by reference to operators, where applicable, and internal engineers.

Carrying value of goodwill (note 16)
Following the acquisition of Mediterranean Oil & Gas plc during 2014, Rockhopper recognised goodwill in line with the requirements 
of IFRS3- Business Combinations. Management performs annual impairment tests on the carrying value of goodwill. The calculation 
of the recoverable amount is based on the likely future economic benefits of the exploration and evaluation assets in the acquired 
portfolio and is based on estimated value of the potential and actual discoveries as noted above.

Decommissioning costs (note 22)
Decommissioning costs are uncertain and cost estimates can vary in response to many factors, including changes to the relevant 
legal requirements, the emergence of new technology or experience at other assets. The expected timing, work scope and amount 
of expenditure may also change. Therefore significant estimates and assumptions are made in determining the provision for 
decommissioning. The estimated decommissioning costs are reviewed annually by an external expert and the results of the most 
recent available review used as a basis for the amounts in the Financial Statements. Provision for environmental clean-up and 
remediation costs is based on current legal and contractual requirements, technology and price levels.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

57

Accounts 

Notes to the group financial statements continued
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

3.  Revenue and segmental information

Year ended 31 December 2015

Revenue 

Cost of sales 

Gross loss 

Exploration and evaluation expenses 

Costs in relation to acquisition 

Other administrative costs 

Total administrative expenses 

Charge for share based payments 

Foreign exchange movement 

Results from operating activities 

Finance income 

Finance expense 

Loss before tax 

Tax 

Gain/(loss) for period 

Reporting segments assets 

Reporting segments liabilities 

Depreciation 

Nine months ended 31 December 2014

Revenue 

Cost of sales 

Gross loss 

Exploration and evaluation expenses 

Costs in relation to acquisition 

Other administrative costs 

Total administrative expenses 

Charge for share based payments 

Foreign exchange movement 

Results from operating activities 

Finance income 

Finance expense 

Gain/(Loss) before tax 

Tax 

Gain/(loss) for period 

Reporting segments assets 

Reporting segments liabilities 

Depreciation 

Falkland 
Islands 
$’000 

Greater 
Mediterranean 
$’000 

Corporate 
$’000 

Total 
$’000

— 

— 

— 

(52) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,990 

1,938 

— 

(4,354) 

(2,416) 

55,391 

52,975 

251,424 

86,542 

— 

3,966 

(11,049) 

(7,083) 

(22,382) 

— 

(1,943) 

(1,943) 

— 

196 

— 

— 

— 

(500) 

(1,544) 

(7,408) 

(8,952) 

(1,937) 

(259) 

(31,212) 

(11,648) 

— 

(396) 

975 

— 

(31,608) 

(10,673) 

4 

— 

(31,604) 

(10,673) 

37,687 

25,978 

2,468 

110,482 

24,839 

276 

3,966

(11,049)

(7,083)

(22,934)

(1,544)

(9,351)

(10,895)

(1,937)

1,927

(40,922)

975

(4,750)

(44,697)

55,395

10,698

399,593

137,359

2,744

Falkland 
Islands 
$’000 

Greater 
Mediterranean 
$’000 

Corporate 
$’000 

Total 
$’000

— 

— 

— 

(295) 

— 

(128) 

(128) 

— 

6,617 

6,194 

— 

— 

6,194 

— 

6,194 

175,504 

139,576 

— 

1,910 

(3,970) 

(2,060) 

(885) 

— 

(1,511) 

(1,511) 

— 

153 

(4,303) 

1 

(209) 

(4,511) 

(5) 

(4,516) 

62,589 

24,836 

1,968 

— 

— 

— 

(602) 

(1,899) 

(6,495) 

(8,394) 

(672) 

(254) 

(9,922) 

656 

— 

(9,266) 

— 

(9,266) 

197,702 

16,345 

218 

1,910

(3,970)

(2,060)

(1,782)

(1,899)

(8,134)

(10,033)

(672)

6,516

(8,031)

657

(209)

(7,583)

(5)

(7,588)

435,795

180,757

2,186

58 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.  Cost of sales

Cost of sales 

Depreciation of oil and gas assets 

Impairment of oil and gas assets 

5.  Exploration and evaluation expenses

Allocated from administrative expenses (see note 6) 

Capitalised exploration costs impaired (see note 14) 

Other exploration and evaluation expenses 

Amounts recharged to partners 

6.  Administrative expenses

Directors’ salaries and fees, including bonuses (see note 7) 

Other employees’ salaries 

National insurance costs 

Pension costs 

Employee benefit costs 

Total staff costs 

Amounts reallocated 

Total staff costs charged to administrative expenses 

Auditor’s remuneration (see note 8) 

Other professional fees 

Other  

Depreciation 

Amounts reallocated 

Accounts 

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

554

1,951

1,465

3,970

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

1,060

258

967

(503)

1,782

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

2,951 

2,449 

5,649 

11,049 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

310 

22,335 

318 

(29) 

22,934 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

3,008 

3,975 

1,377 

455 

180 

8,995 

(4,438) 

4,557 

293 

3,506 

3,185 

352 

(998) 

2,473

3,078

925

283

219

6,978

(2,057)

4,921

256

3,268

1,975

235

(622)

10,895 

10,033

The average number of staff employed during the period was 39 (nine months ended 31 December 2014: 29). The relative increase between 
periods reflecting the fact that the Mediterranean Oil & Gas plc acquisition was completed half way through the previous period. As at 31 March 
2016 the number of staff employed has reduced to 33 following a review of staffing levels.

Amounts reallocated relate to the costs of staff and associated overhead in relation to non administrative tasks. These costs are allocated to 
exploration and evaluation expenses or capitalised as part of the intangible exploration and evaluation assets as appropriate.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

Notes to the group financial statements continued
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

7.  Directors’ remuneration

Executive salaries 

Executive bonuses 

Company pension contributions to money purchase schemes 

Benefits 

Non-executive fees 

Gain on exercise of share options 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

1,497 

1,013 

150 

33 

498 

946 

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

1,158

912

116

22

403

336

4,137 

2,947

Gain on exercise of share options during the period relates to the exercise by two Directors of the Company of 3,000,000 shares in the 
Company at an exercise price of 42 pence per share. In the prior period it related to the exercise by a Director of the Company of 425,000 
shares in the Company at an exercise price of 10 pence per share. The options were due to expire during the year.

The total remuneration of the highest paid director was:

Annual salary 

Bonuses 

Money purchase pension schemes 

Benefits 

Gain on exercise of share options 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
£ 

362,100 

253,470 

36,210 

7,069 

318,750 

977,599 

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
£

266,250

221,875

26,625

2,172

213,563

730,485

Interest in outstanding share options and SARs, by director, are separately disclosed in the directors’ remuneration report.

8.  Auditor’s remuneration

KPMG LLP 

Fees payable to the company’s auditor for the audit of the company’s annual financial statements 

Fees payable to the company’s auditor and its associates for other services: 

Audit of the accounts of subsidiaries 

Other services pursuant to legislation 

Tax compliance services 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

152 

82 

48 

11 6

293 

153

62

35

256

60 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9.  Share based payments
The charge for share based payments relate to options granted to employees of the Group.

Charge for the long term incentive plan options granted on 8 October 2013 

Charge for the long term incentive plan options granted on 10 March 2014 

Charge for the long term incentive plan options granted on 13 October 2014 

Charge for the long term incentive plan options granted on 13 April 2015 

Charge for shares issued under the SIP throughout the period 

Accounts 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

504 

58 

740 

494 —

141 

1,937 

366

46

164

96

672

The models and key assumptions used to value each of the grants and hence calculate the above charges are set out below:

Long term incentive plan 
During 2013 a long term incentive plan (“LTIP”) was approved by shareholders. The LTIP is operated and administered by the Remuneration 
Committee. During the year a number of LTIP awards (“Awards”), structured as nil cost options, were granted to executive directors and 
senior staff. 

LTIP awards will generally only vest or become exercisable subject to the satisfaction of a performance condition measured over a three 
year period (“Performance Period”) determined by the Remuneration Committee at the time of grant. The performance conditions must 
contain objective conditions, which must be related to the underlying financial performance of the Company.  The current performance 
condition used is based on Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) measured over a three-year period against the TSR of a peer group of at least 
9 other oil and gas companies comprising both FTSE 250, larger AIM oil and gas companies and Falkland Islands focused companies  
(“Peer Group”). The Peer Group for the Awards may be amended by the Remuneration Committee at their sole discretion as appropriate.  

Performance measurement for the Awards are based on the average price over the relevant 90 day dealing period measured against  
the 90 dealing day period three years later. Awards will typically vest on a sliding scale from 35% to 100% for performance in the top two 
quartiles of the Peer Group. Certain awards have an escalator applied which means that they vest in excess of 100% if the Company is  
the top or second highest performer in the Peer Group. No awards will vest for performance in the bottom two quartiles. 

The Awards granted on 8 October 2013 and 10 March 2014 had an additional performance condition so that no awards would vest if 
the Company’s share price did not exceed £1.80 based on the average price over the 90 day dealing period up to 31 March 2016. The 
Remuneration Committee has exercised its discretion to vary the performance condition so that the period for achievement of the £1.80 
hurdle rate is extended to 31 March 2023. As a result, any LTIP awards that would have vested on 31 March 2016 will not vest and be 
exercisable unless the Company’s share price exceeds £1.80 based on an average price over any 90 day dealing period up to 31 March 2023.  
At the same time, the Remuneration Committee agreed to remove its discretion to allow vesting for performance in the third quartile for all 
existing and future LTIP awards. 

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

Notes to the group financial statements continued
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

9.  Share based payments continued
The LTIP has been valued using a Monte Carlo model the key inputs of which are summarised below

Grant date: 

Closing share price  

Minimum exercise/base price  

Escalation applied for being best of peer group 

Escalation applied for being second of peer group 

Number granted 

Weighted average volatility 

Weighted average volatility of index 

Weighted average risk free rate 

44.5% 

55.8% 

0.70% 

Correlation in share price movement with comparator group 

33.5% 

Exercise price 

Dividend yield 

The following movements occurred during the period:

Issue date 

Expiry date 

8 October 2013 

8 October 2023 

10 March 2014 

10 March 2024 

13 October 2014 

13 October 2024 

13 April 2015 

13 April 2025 

0p 

0% 

At 31 December 
2014 

1,757,786 

201,117 

3,446,331 

— 

5,405,234 

13 Apr 2015 

13 Oct 14 

13 Oct 14 

10 Mar 14 

8 Oct 13

64p 

N/A 

N/A 

N/A 

76p 

N/A 

N/A 

N/A 

76p 

N/A 

33% 

29% 

115p 

180p 

N/A 

N/A 

131p

180p

N/A

N/A

4,111,838 

1,063,750 

2,382,581 

201,117 

1,757,786

36.5% 

42.2% 

1.27% 

32.0% 

0p 

0% 

36.5% 

42.2% 

1.27% 

32.0% 

0p 

0% 

60.1% 

62.0% 

0.30% 

49.0% 

0p 

0% 

60.1%

62.0%

0.30%

49.0%

0p

0%

Issued 

Lapsed 

— 

— 

— 

4,111,838 

4,111,838 

(197,368) 

— 

— 

— 

(197,368) 

At 31 December 
2015

1,560,418

201,117

3,446,331

4,111,838

9,319,704

Share incentive plan
The Group has in place an HMRC approved Share Incentive Plan (“SIP”). The SIP allows the Group to award Free Shares to UK employees 
(including directors) and to award shares to match Partnership Shares purchased by employees, subject to HMRC limits.

Throughout this and the prior period the Group issued two Matching Shares for every Partnership Share purchased.

In the year the Group made a free award of £3,000 worth of Free Shares to eligible employees. Due to the change in period end in the prior 
period the Group did not make a Free Share award in that period. 

This resulted in 92,277 (Period ended 31 December 2014: nil) Free Shares and 99,456 (Period ended 31 December 2014: 35,861) Matching 
Shares being issued under the SIP in the period.

The average fair value of the shares awarded (pence) 

Vesting 

Dividend yield 

Lapse due to withdrawals 

The fair value of the shares awarded will be spread over the expected vesting period. 

31 December 
2015 

31 December 
2014

52 

100% 

Nil 

Nil 

118

100%

Nil

Nil

62 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

9.  Share based payments continued 
Share appreciation rights
A share appreciation right (“SAR”) is effectively a share option that is structured from the outset to deliver, on exercise, only the net gain 
in the form of new ordinary shares that would have been made on the exercise of a market value share option.

No consideration is payable on the grant of a SAR. On exercise, an option price of 1 pence per ordinary share, being the nominal value of 
the Company’s ordinary shares, is paid and the relevant awardee will be issued with ordinary shares with a market value at the date of 
exercise equivalent to the notional gain that the awardee would have made, being the amount by which the aggregate market value of 
the number of ordinary shares in respect of which the SAR is exercised, exceeds a notional exercise price, equal to the market value of 
the shares at the time of grant (the “base price”). The remuneration committee has discretion to settle the exercise of SARs in cash.

The following movements occurred during the period on SARs:

Issue date 

Expiry date 

22 November 2008 

22 November 2018 

3 July 2009 

11 January 2011 

14 July 2011 

16 August 2011 

3 July 2019 

11 January 2021 

14 July 2021 

16 August 2021 

13 December 2011 

13 December 2021 

17 January 2012 

30 January 2013 

17 January 2022 

30 January 2023 

Exercise price 
(pence) 

At 31 December 
2014 

Lapsed 

Exercised 

At 31 December 
2015

19.25 

30.87 

372.75 

239.75 

237.00 

240.75 

303.75 

159.00 

355,844 

103,368 

212,641 

43,587 

17,035 

29,594 

291,531 

366,931 

1,420,531 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

355,844

103,368

212,641

43,587

17,035

29,594

291,531

366,931

1,420,531

Options
The following movements occurred during the period on options:

Issue date 

Expiry date 

Exercise price 
(pence) 

At 31 December 
2014 

Exercised 

Lapsed 

At 31 December 
2015

10 May 2005 

8 August 2005 

9 May 2015 

7 August 2015 

10.00 

42.00 

15,840 

(7,920) 

3,525,000 

(3,525,000) 

3,540,840 

(3,532,920) 

(7,920) 

— 

(7,920) 

—

—

—

The weighted average price of the options exercised was 41.9 pence.

10.  Foreign exchange 

Foreign exchange gain on Falkland Islands tax liability 

Foreign exchange loss on term deposits, cash and restricted cash  

Foreign exchange on operating activities 

Total foreign exchange gain 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

1,990 

(69) 

1,921 

6 

1,927 

6,617

(268)

6,349

167

6,516

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

Notes to the group financial statements continued
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

11.  Finance income and expense 

Bank and other interest receivable 

Total finance income 

Unwinding of discount on provisions 

Unwinding of discount on long term tax liability 

Other 

Total finance expense 

12.  Taxation

Current tax:

Overseas tax 

Adjustment in respect of prior years 

Total current tax 

Deferred tax:

Overseas tax 

Total deferred tax – note 23 

Tax on profit on ordinary activities 

Loss on ordinary activities before tax 

Loss on ordinary activities multiplied at 26.0% weighted average rate (31 December 2014: 26%) 

Effects of: 

Income and gains not subject to taxation 

Expenditure not deductible for taxation 

Depreciation in excess of capital allowances 

IFRS2 Share based remuneration cost 

Losses carried forward 

Effect of tax rates in foreign jurisdictions 

Adjustments in respect of prior years 

Other 

Tax (credit)/charge for the year 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

975 

975 

378 

4,347 —

25 

4,750 

657

657

188

21

209

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

9 

(55,405) 

(55,396) 

1 7

1 7

(55,395) 5

(44,697) 

(11,621) 

17

(19)

(2)

(7,583)

(1,972)

— 

(928)

10,365 —

(597) 

174 

2,537 

(539) —

(55,405) 

(309) 

(55,395) 5

(217)

70

3,278

(19)

(207)

64 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

12.  Taxation continued
On the 8 April 2015 the Group agreed binding documentation (“Tax Settlement Deed”) with the Falkland Island Government (“FIG”) in 
relation to the tax arising from the Group’s farm out to Premier Oil plc (“Premier”). As such the Group is able to defer this tax liability 
under Extra Statutory Concession 16. As it is deferred, the liability has been reclassified as non-current and discounted. The adjustment 
in respect of prior years is mainly due to the impact of this discounting. Additional information is given in Note 21 Tax payable.

The total carried forward losses and carried forward pre trading expenditures available for relief on commencement of trade are as 
follows:

UK 

Falkland Island 

Italy 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

53,161 

127,388 

19,917 

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

45,929

53,415

7,313

No deferred tax asset has been recognised in respect of temporary differences arising on losses carried forward, outstanding share 
options or depreciation in excess of capital allowances due to the uncertainty in the timing of profits and hence future utilisation.

13.   Basic and diluted loss per share

Shares in issue brought forward 

Shares issued

–  Issued in relation to acquisitions 

–  Issued in relation to share options 

–  Issued under the SIP 

Shares in issue carried forward 

31 December 
2015 
Number 

31 December 
2014 
Number

292,805,453 

284,316,698

— 

7,481,816

3,532,920 

241,461 

950,000

56,939

296,579,834 

292,805,453

Weighted average number of Ordinary Shares for the purposes of basic earnings/(loss) per share 

293,442,707 

288,646,881

Effects of dilutive potential Ordinary shares

Contingently issuable shares – prior periods anti-dilutive 

Net profit/(loss) after tax for purposes of basic and diluted earnings per share 

Earnings/(loss) per share – cents

Basic 

Diluted 

321,330 —

293,764,037 

288,646,881

$’000 

$’000

10,698 

(7,588)

3.65 

3.64 

(2.63)

(2.63)

The average market value of the Company’s shares for the purpose of calculating the dilutive effect of share options was on quoted market 
prices for the year during which the options were outstanding.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

Notes to the group financial statements continued
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

14.  Intangible exploration and evaluation assets

As at 31 March 2014 

Acquisitions 

Additions 

Written off to exploration costs 

Foreign exchange movement 

As at 31 December 2014 

Additions 

Written off to exploration costs 

Foreign exchange movement 

As at 31 December 2015 

Falkland 
Islands 
$’000 

153,656 

— 

21,848 

— 

— 

175,504 

75,920 

— 

— 

Greater 
Mediterranean 
$’000 

Total 
$’000

— 

153,656

30,288 

1,542 

(258) 

(2,912) 

28,660 

2,577 

(22,335) 

(3,668) 

30,288

23,390

(258)

(2,912)

204,164

78,497

(22,335)

(3,668)

251,424 

5,234 

256,658

Falkland Islands licences 
The additions during the period relate to $60.9 million of costs for the exploration campaign in the North Falkland Basin including the 
exploration successes at Zebedee and Isobel Deep. $15.0 million relates to the Sea Lion development.

The carrying value of Sea Lion, a discovered asset still under evaluation was checked for impairment by reference to a discounted cashflow 
model. The key inputs to this model were a 2016 real terms oil price of $75/bbl, a post-tax discount rate of 12.5% and utilising the operator’s 
current estimates of capital and operating costs and production profiles. 

Sensitivity analysis was performed by, in turn, reducing oil price by $10/bbl, reducing production by 10%, introducing a one year delay, 
increasing capital expenditure by 10% and increasing operating expenditure by 10%. None of these sensitivities would have led to an 
impairment charge in the year. 

Greater Mediterranean licences 
The additions during the period predominantly relate to work on the Italian and Maltese licence interests. 

Amounts written off to exploration costs relate almost entirely to the impairment of the carrying value of costs in relation to the exploration 
permit which covers the Ombrina Mare Field Area. The Italian Parliament approved the 2016 Budget Law which reintroduces restrictions on 
offshore oil and gas activity including the general ban on exploration and production activity within 12 nautical miles of the coast of Italy. The 
Budget Law came into force on 1 January 2016 and directly affects the Ombrina Mare Field Area.

The Group was also informed by the Ministry of Economic Development that, following the re-introduction of the ban, the Production 
Concession covering the Ombrina Mare Field Area will not be awarded. This is despite the Ombrina Mare project having completed all the 
required technical and environmental authorisations.

The Group retains its interest in the exploration permit covering the Ombrina Mare Field Area. An extension to the suspension of the 
Ombrina Mare exploration permit was recently granted to 31 December 2016.

The Group is now considering its options which include both a claim for damages and compensation against the Republic of Italy under 
International Treaties for the protection of foreign investments, and in particular the arbitration process provided for under the Energy 
Charter Treaty but given the legal position a decision to impair the asset has been made.

The write-off in relation to Ombrina Mare has been taken without prejudice to the legal remedies that may be obtained through potential 
future legal proceedings against the Republic of Italy and organs of the Italian State.

66 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
15.  Property, plant and equipment

Cost brought forward 

Acquisitions 

Additions 

Foreign exchange 

Disposals 

Cost carried forward 

Oil and gas 
assets 
$’000 

14,413 

— 

10,513 

(1,681) 

— 

23,245 

Accumulated depreciation brought forward 

(3,245) 

Current year depreciation charge 

Impairment 

Foreign exchange 

Disposals 

(2,449) 

(5,649) 

135 

— 

Other 
assets 
$’000 

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

Oil and gas 
assets 
$’000 

1,990 

16,403 

— 

60 

(22) 

(383) 

1,645 

(1,012) 

(295) 

— 

2 

260 

— 

10,573 

(1,703) 

(383) 

24,890 

(4,257) 

(2,744) 

(5,649) 

137 

260 

— 

15,324 

558 

(1,469) 

— 

14,413 

— 

(1,951) 

(1,465) 

171 

— 

Other 
assets 
$’000 

1,139 

339 

554 

(32) 

(10) 

1,990 

(786) 

(235) 

— 

1 

8 

Accounts 

31 December 
2014 
$’000

1,139

15,663

1,112

(1,501)

(10)

16,403

(786)

(2,186)

(1,465)

172

8

Depreciation carried forward 

(11,208) 

(1,045) 

(12,253) 

(3,245) 

(1,012) 

(4,257)

Net book value brought forward 

Net book value carried forward 

11,168 

12,037 

978 

600 

12,146 

12,637 

— 

11,168 

353 

978 

353

12,146

All oil and gas property plant and equipment assets relate to the Greater Mediterranean region.

Additions in the period relate to the cost of side track operations on the Guendalina production asset and the Civita development asset 
which commenced production in November 2015.

The impairment charge in the current period relates to production assets in the Greater Mediterranean. The impairment charge of  
US$5.6 million (2014: $1.5 million) was calculated by comparing the future discounted cash flows expected to be derived from production 
of commercial reserves (the value in use being the recoverable amount) against the carrying value of the asset. The future cash flows were 
estimated using a realised gas price assumption  equal to existing contracts in place and relevant forward curve in 2016 and 2017, and  
a0.25/sm3 in 2016 real terms thereafter and were discounted using a post-tax rate of 10%. Assumptions involved in the impairment 
measurement include estimates of commercial reserves and production volumes, future oil and gas prices and the level and timing of 
expenditures, all of which are inherently uncertain. The cause of the impairment charge being recognised in the period is mainly driven by a 
reduction in the short term realised gas price assumption. 

16.  Goodwill

As at 31 December 2014 

Foreign exchange movement 

As at 31 December 2015 

Greater 
Mediterranean 
$’000 

10,940 

(1,137) 

9,803 

Total 
$’000

10,940

(1,137)

9,803

Goodwill relates to the corporate acquisition of Mediterranean Oil & Gas plc (“MOG”) during the period ended 31 December 2014. This goodwill is 
fully allocated to the Greater Mediterranean operating segment and arises due to the difference between the fair value of the net assets and the 
consideration transferred and relates to the portfolio of intangible exploration and appraisal assets, which together have the optionality and potential 
to provide value in excess of this fair value as well as the strategic premium associated with a significant presence in a new region. The functional 
currency of MOG is euros. As such the goodwill is also expressed in the same functional currency and subject to retranslation at each reporting 
period end. The reduction in the period of $1,137,000 (nine months ended 31 December 2014: $1,134,000) is entirely due to this foreign currency 
difference. None of the goodwill recognised is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.

The Group tests goodwill annually for impairment or more frequently if there are indicators goodwill might be impaired. The recoverable 
amounts are determined by reference to value in use calculations. Future cashflows are estimated using long term realised gas price of 
a0.25/sm3 and realised oil price of $75/bbl in 2016 real terms and were discounted using a post-tax rate of 10%. Assumptions involved in 
the impairment measurement include estimates of commercial reserves and production volumes, future oil and gas prices and the level 
and timing of expenditures, all of which are inherently uncertain.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

Notes to the group financial statements continued
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

17.  Other receivables

Non-current

Other 

Current

Receivables 

Prepayments 

Accrued interest 

Income tax 

Other 

The carrying value of receivables approximates to fair value. 

The accrued interest relates to unexpired fixed term deposits held at the year end.

18.  Restricted cash

Charged accounts 

Other amounts including in relation to exploration license applications 

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000

— 

— 

566

566

1,104 

2,194

391 

349 

77 

4,278 

6,199 

291

166

256

1,774

4,681

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000

874 

1,318 

2,192 

898

486

1,384

The charged accounts relate to a collateral account at Royal Bank of Scotland plc, to support the credit risk to the bank stemming from any 
forward currency purchases by the Group, and the rent deposit for the offices leased by the Group. 

19.  Term deposits

Maturing after the period end:

Within three months 

Three to six months 

Six to nine month 

Nine months to one year 

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000

30,000 

10,000 

10,000 

10,000 

60,000 

25,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

100,000

Term deposits are disclosed separately on the face of the balance sheet when their term is greater than three months and they are 
unbreakable.

68 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20.  Other payables and accruals

Accounts payable 

Accruals 

Other creditors 

Accounts 

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000

2,377 

25,390 

2,690 

30,457 

2,318

15,869

1,171

19,358

All amounts are expected to be settled within twelve months of the balance sheet date and so the book values and fair values are considered 
to be the same.

21.  Tax payable

Current tax payable 

Non current tax payable 

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000

9 

100,439

47,405 —

47,414 

100,439

On the 8 April 2015, the Group agreed binding documentation (“Tax Settlement Deed”) with the Falkland Island Government (“FIG”) in 
relation to the tax arising from the Group’s farm out to Premier Oil plc (“Premier”).

The Tax Settlement Deed confirms the quantum and deferment of the outstanding tax liability and is made under Extra Statutory 
Concession 16. 

As a result of the Tax Settlement Deed the outstanding tax liability was confirmed at £64.4 million and payable on the first royalty payment 
date on Sea Lion. Currently the first royalty payment date anticipated to occur within six months of first oil production which itself is 
estimated to occur in late 2020 (assuming Sea Lion project sanction in mid-2017). As such the tax liability has been reclassified as non-
current and discounted at 15%. The effect of this discounting is a tax credit in the period of $55.4 million. The remaining movements in 
the tax liability since the 31 December 2014 are the unwinding of the aforementioned discount of $4.3 million and a $2.0 million foreign 
exchange gain. Management are considering strategies to migrate currency risk in relation to this balance.

The tax liability may be revised downward if the Falkland Islands’ Commissioner of Taxation is satisfied that either (i) the Exploration Carry 
from Premier is utilised to fund exploration activities or (ii) any element of the Development Carry from Premier becomes “irrecoverable”. 
Whilst the benefit of some of the Exploration Carry has been received from Premier during the current campaign and under the revised 
commercial arrangements, documented in January 2016, means that the full $48.0 million will be accessed, no adjustment in the tax 
liability has been made as this is still subject to agreement with the Falkland Islands’ Commissioner of Taxation. 

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

Notes to the group financial statements continued
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

22.  Provisions

Brought forward 

Acquisitions 

Amounts utilized 

Amounts arising in the period 

Change in estimate 

Unwinding of discount 

Foreign exchange 

Carried forward at period end 

Abandonment 
provision 
$’000 

21,520 

— 

— 

— 

382 

393 

(2,236) 

20,059 

Other 
provisions 
$’000 

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000

296 

— 

(45) 

64 

— 

— 

(31) 

284 

21,816 —

— 

(45) 

64 

382 —

393 

(2,267) 

23,872

(38)

46

179

(2,243)

20,343 

21,816

The abandonment provision relates to the Group’s licences acquired during the prior period in the Greater Mediterranean region. The 
provision covers both the plug and abandonment of wells drilled as well as any requisite site restoration. Assumptions, based on the current 
economic environment, have been made which management believe are a reasonable basis upon which to estimate the future liability. 
These estimates are reviewed regularly to take into account any material changes to the assumptions. However, actual decommissioning 
costs will ultimately depend upon future market prices for the necessary decommissioning works required which will reflect market 
conditions at the relevant time. Furthermore, the timing of decommissioning is likely to depend on when the fields cease to produce at 
economically viable rates. This in turn will depend upon future oil and gas prices, which are inherently uncertain.

Other provisions include amounts due to employees for accrued holiday and for staff in Italy, leaving indemnity, that will become payable 
when they cease employment.

23.  Deferred tax liability

At beginning of period 

Movement in period 

At end of period 

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000

39,144 

39,137

1 7

39,145 

39,144

The deferred tax liability arises due to temporary differences associated with the intangible exploration and evaluation expenditure. The 
majority of the balance relates to historic expenditure on licences in the Falklands, where the tax rate is 26%,  being utilised to minimise the 
corporation tax due on the consideration received as part of the farm out disposal during 2012.

Total carried forward losses and carried forward pre-trading expenditures available for relief on commencement of trade at 31 December 
2015 are disclosed in note 12 Taxation. No deferred tax asset has been recognised in relation to these losses due to uncertainty that future 
suitable taxable profits will be available against which these losses can be utilized. The potential deferred tax asset at the 31 December 
2015 would be $49 million (31 December 2014: $25 million).

24.  Share capital

Called up, issued and fully paid: Ordinary shares of £0.01 each 

4,910 

296,579,834 

4,854 

292,805,453

For details of all movements during the year, see note 13.

31 December 2015 

31 December 2014

$’000  

Number  

$’000 

Number 

70 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

25.  Reserves
Set out below is a description of each of the reserves of the Group:

Share premium 

Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of its nominal value.

Share based remuneration 

 The share incentive plan reserve captures the equity related element of the expenses recognised for the issue 
of options, comprising the cumulative charge to the income statement for IFRS2 charges for share based 
payments less amounts released to retained earnings upon the exercise of options.

Own shares held in trust 

 Shares held in trust represent the issue value of shares held on behalf of participants in the SIP by Capita 
IRG Trustees Limited, the trustee of the SIP as well as shares held by the Employee Benefit Trust which have 
been purchased to settle future exercises of options.

Merger reserve 

The difference between the nominal value and the fair value of shares issued on acquisition of subsidiaries.

Foreign currency  
translation reserve 

Exchange differences arising on consolidating the assets and liabilities of the Group’s subsidiaries are  
classified as equity and transferred to the Group’s translation reserve.

Special reserve 

 The reserve is non distributable and was created following cancellation of the share premium account on  
4 July 2013. It can be used to reduce the amount of losses incurred by the parent company or distributed or 
used to acquire the share capital of the Company subject to settling all contingent and actual liabilities as at 
4 July 2013. Should not all of the contingent and actual liabilities be settled, prior to distribution the parent 
company must either gain permission from the actual or contingent creditors for distribution or set aside in 
escrow an amount equal to the unsettled actual or contingent liability.

Retained losses 

Cumulative net gains and losses recognised in the financial statements.

26.  Lease commitments
The future aggregate minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases in respect of land and buildings were as follows:

Total committed within 1 year 

Total committed between 1 and 5 years 

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000

1,258 

2,951 

4,209 

979

2,461

3,440

27.  Capital commitments
Capital commitments represent the Group’s share of expected costs in relation to its interests in joint ventures net of any carry 
arrangements that are in force.

During the prior period the Group committed to a multi-year work plan and budget in relation to the four well Falkland Island exploration 
campaign. Expected costs for the completion of the campaign in 2016 are forecast to be $31 million and are expected to be fully satisfied  
by the balance of the exploration carry and insurance proceeds.

The Group also committed to fund its share of pre sanction costs on Sea Lion. The Group’s share of the gross approved development budget 
for the calendar year ending 31 December 2016 is $20 million.

In addition, the Group has approved a capital work plan and budget commitments of less than a1 million in relation to its portfolio of assets 
in the Greater Mediterranean region.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

71

 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

Notes to the group financial statements continued
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

28.  Related party transactions
The remuneration of directors, who are the key management personnel of the Group, is set out below in aggregate. Further information about 
the remuneration of individual directors is provided in the Directors’ Remuneration Report on pages 33 to 45.

Short term employee benefits 

Pension contributions 

Other long term employee benefits 

Share based payments 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

3,041 

150 

946 

1,013 

5,150 

2,495

116

336

346

3,293

Other long term employee benefits relate to the gain on exercise of share options during the current and previous period. Additional details 
are disclosed in note 7 Directors’ remuneration.

The Company was notified that directors of the Company exercised options over shares in the Company during the year. In addition a former 
director of the Company also exercised options. The options were due to expire during the year and were exercised during one of the few 
remaining open periods prior to their expiry. The directors and former director elected to sell shares to discharge the cost of exercise and 
their tax and national insurance obligations (where applicable). These shares were purchased by the Rockhopper Employee Benefit Trust 
(the “EBT”) which was established in 2013 for the purpose of holding shares to satisfy future exercises of options and vesting of awards 
under the Company’s Long Term Incentive Plan. The shares were acquired by the EBT by way of an off market purchase at the closing share 
price on the date prior to exercise. The remaining shares were retained.

Year ended 31 December 15 

Sam Moody 

Pierre Jungels 

Former director 

Nine months ended 31 December 14 

Sam Moody 

Number of  
shares subject  
to option 

Exercise price 

Shares sold  
to EBT 

EBT share  
purchase price 

Shares retained

1,500,000 

42 pence 

1,236,472 

63.25 pence 

1,500,000 

42 pence 

1,222,827 

63.25 pence 

525,000 

42 pence 

434,565 

63.25 pence 

263,528

277,173

90,435

Number of  
shares subject  
to option 

Exercise price 

Shares sold  
to EBT 

EBT share  
purchase price 

Shares retained

425,000 

10 pence 

237,136 

60.25 pence 

187,864

72 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

29.  Acquisition of subsidiaries
In August 2014, Rockhopper completed the acquisition of the entire issued share capital of Mediterranean Oil & Gas Plc (“MOG”).

The transaction has been accounted for by the purchase method of accounting with an effective date of 11 August 2014 being the date  
on which the Group gained control of MOG. Information in respect of the assets and liabilities acquired and the fair value allocation to  
the MOG assets in accordance with the provisions of “IFRS3 – Business Combinations” has been determined and is as follows:

Intangible exploration and appraisal assets 

Property, plant and equipment 

Long term other receivables 

Inventories 

Trade and other receivables 

Restricted cash 

Trade and other payables 

Long-term provisions 

Net identifiable assets and liabilities 

Goodwill 

Satisfied by: 

Cash ($35,700,000 less $11,663,000 of cash acquired) 

Equity instruments (7,481,816 ordinary shares) 

Total consideration 

Recognised values 
on acquisition 
$’000

30,288

15,663

625

2,683

4,634

268

(6,845)

(23,872)

23,444

12,074

24,037

11,481

35,518

The fair value of equity instruments has been determined by reference to the closing share price on the trading day immediately prior to 
the completion of the acquisition. 

30.  Post balance sheet events
Acquisition of Falkland Oil and Gas Limited

In January 2016 Rockhopper completed the acquisition of the entire issued share capital Falkland Oil and Gas Limited (“FOGL”).

The boards of Rockhopper and FOGL believe that a combination of the Rockhopper and FOGL Groups (together, the “Combined Group”) 
represents a significant value opportunity arising from the combination of their highly complementary portfolios. Specifically, the 
Combined Group is expected to:

• 

be the largest North Falkland Basin licence and discovered resource holder with a material working interest in all key licences;

•  have enhanced prospects of progressing the Sea Lion project through final investment decision;

•  have greater exposure to exploration and appraisal upside potential; and

• 

benefit from enhanced scale and capabilities creating value in the current market environment.

Under the terms of the agreement announced on 24 November 2015, shareholders of FOGL received 0.2993 shares of the Company per 
FOGL share. The fair value of consideration is summarised below, with equity instruments being determined by reference to the closing 
share price on the trading day immediately prior to the completion of the acquisition.

Equity instruments (159,684,668 ordinary shares) 

Less cash acquired 

Net consideration 

$’000

65,499

(5,312)

60,187

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

Notes to the group financial statements continued
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

30.  Post balance sheet events continued
The transaction will be accounted for by the purchase method of accounting once the initial accounting for the business combination has 
been completed. Work is ongoing to confirm the values to be reflected in respect of assets and liabilities including internal and external 
review of technical information in relation to the exploration licences, the outcome of insurance claims and external audit of liabilities 
arising from the Humpback well. As such information in respect of the assets and liabilities acquired and the fair value allocation to the 
Falkland Oil and Gas Limited assets in accordance with the provisions of “IFRS3 – Business Combinations” has not been determined. 
The outcomes of these work streams will be progressed by the time the half year results to 30 June 2016 are published. 

Ombrina Mare Project
On the 6 January 2016 the Group announced that the Italian Parliament approved the 2016 Budget Law which reintroduces restrictions 
on offshore oil and gas activity including the general ban on exploration and production activity within 12 nautical miles of the coast of 
Italy. The Budget Law came into force on 1 January 2016 and directly affects the Ombrina Mare Field Area.

On 3 February 2016 the Group announced that it had also been informed by the Ministry of Economic Development that, following the 
re-introduction of the ban, the Production Concession covering the Ombrina Mare Field Area will not be awarded. This is despite the 
Ombrina Mare project having completed all the required technical and environmental authorisations.

The Company retains its interest in the exploration permit covering the Ombrina Mare Field Area. An extension to the suspension  
of the Ombrina Mare exploration permit was recently granted to 31 December 2016.

The Company is now considering its options which include both a claim for damages and compensation against the Republic of Italy 
under International Treaties for the protection of foreign investments, and in particular the arbitration process provided for under the 
Energy Charter Treaty.

Rig contract cancellation
On 12 February 2016 the Group announced that Premier Oil, on behalf of the Joint Venture, has served a notice to terminate the rig 
contract with Ocean Rig UDW (“Ocean Rig”) with immediate effect. The notice to terminate follows a number of operational issues  
with the Eirik Raude rig. As a result, the drilling of the Chatham well – the final well in current campaign – will now be deferred until  
the Sea Lion pre-development drilling campaign.

The postponement of the Chatham well has no impact on the planning or timetable for the Field Development Plan for the Sea Lion 
initial phase development.

31.  Risk management policies
Risk review
The risks and uncertainties facing the Group are set out in the risk management report. Risks which require further quantification are 
set out below.

Foreign exchange risks: The Group’s functional currency is US$ and as such the Group is exposed to foreign exchange movements  
on monetary assets and liabilities denominated in other currencies, in particular the CGT liability with the Falkland Island Government 
which is a GB£ denominated balance. In addition a number of the Group’s subsidiaries have a functional currency other than US$,  
where this is the case the Group has an exposure to foreign exchange differences with differences being taken to reserves. 

The following table summarises the split of the Group’s assets and liabilities by currency:

Currency denomination of balance 

Assets

31 December 2015 

31 December 2014 

Liabilities

31 December 2015 

31 December 2014 

$ 
$’000 

£ 
$’000 

a 
$’000

346,295 

364,475 

60,585 

52,368 

15,546 

9,087 

52,262 

104,361 

37,752

62,233

24,512

24,028

74 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
Accounts 

31.  Risk management policies continued 
The following table summarises the impact on the Group’s pre-tax profit and equity of a reasonably possible change in the US$ to GB£ 
exchange rate and the US$ to euro exchange:

US$ against GB£

31 December 2015 

31 December 2014 

US$ against euro

31 December 2015 

31 December 2014 

Pre tax profit 

Total equity

+10% US$ rate 
increase 
$’000 

–10% US$ rate 
decrease 
$’000 

+10% US$ rate 
increase 
$’000 

–10% US$ rate 
decrease 
$’000

(3,672) 

(9,504) 

(126) 

(32) 

3,672 

9,504 

126 

32 

(3,672) 

(9,504) 

1,198 

3,828 

3,672

9,504

(1,198)

(3,828)

Capital risk management: the Group manages capital to ensure that it is able to continue as a going concern whilst maximising the 
return to shareholders. The capital structure consists of cash and cash equivalents and equity. The board regularly monitors the future 
capital requirements of the Group, particularly in respect of its ongoing development programme.

Credit risk: the Group recharges partners and third parties for the provision of services. Should the company holding these accounts 
become insolvent then these funds may be lost or delayed in their release. The amounts classified as receivables as at the 31 December 
2015 were $1,104,000 (31 December 2014: $2,194,000). These amounts were fully settled after the period end.

Interest rate risks: the Group has no debt and so its exposure to interest rates is limited to finance income it receives on cash and term 
deposits. The Group is not dependent on its finance income and given the current interest rates the risk is not considered to be material.

Liquidity risks: the Group makes limited use of term deposits where the amounts placed on deposit cannot be accessed prior to their 
maturity date. The amounts applicable at the 31 December 2015 were $60,000,000 (31 December 2014: $100,000,000) and are disclosed in 
the counter-party risk table below.

Counter-party risk: rather than keep all its funds with one bank, the Group splits its funds across a number of banks, two of which are part 
owned by the British government. 

Barclays plc 

Lloyds 

Standard Chartered plc 

Investec 

Total term deposits 

RBS plc 

Barclays plc 

Lloyds TSB plc 

Deutsche Bank 

Intesa San Paolo 

Others 

Total cash and cash equivalents 

 Total term deposits and cash and cash equivalents 

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000

40,000 —

10,000 

— 

10,000 

60,000 

32,246 

61 

13,784 

1,539 

1,789 

15 

20,000

30,000

50,000

100,000

89,235

15

5,088

2,805

1,233

1,350

50,434 

99,726

110,434 

199,726

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Accounts 

Parent company financial statements – company balance sheet 
As at 31 December 2015 

Non current assets

Property, plant and equipment 

Investments 

Current assets

Other receivables 

Restricted cash 

Term deposits 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets 

Current liabilities

Other payables 

Total liabilities 

Equity

Share capital 

Share premium 

Share based remuneration 

Own shares held in trust 

Merger reserve 

Foreign currency translation reserve 

Special reserve 

Retained losses 

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000 

Notes 

31 March 
2014 
$’000

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

433 

2,100 

674 

47,180 

353

—

405,431 

332,213 

310,151

1,974 

60,000 

47,106 

898 

100,000 

94,406 

309

185,000

62,482

517,044 

575,371 

558,295

22,839 

22,839 

4,910 

2,995 

5,491 

(3,513) 

11,355 

— 

17,192 

17,192 

4,854 

662 

4,960 

(628) 

11,355 

— 

472,967 

536,976 

— 

— 

3,084

3,084

4,711

170

4,597

(354)

—

4,123

541,964

—

Attributable to the equity shareholders of the company 

494,205 

558,179 

555,211

Total liabilities and equity 

517,044 

575,371 

558,295

These financial statements were approved by the directors and authorised for issue on 12 April 2016 and are signed on their behalf by:

Stewart MacDonald
Chief Financial Officer

Registered Company number: 05250250

76 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company statement of changes in equity
for the year ended 31 December 2015  

Share 
capital 
$’000 

Share 
premium 
$’000 

Share based 
remuneration 
$’000 

Shares held 
in trust 
$’000 

Merger 
reserve 
$’000 

Currency  
translation 
reserve 
$’000 

Special 
reserve 
$’000 

Retained 
losses 
$’000 

Total 
Equity 
$’000

Accounts 

Balance at 31 March 2014 

4,711 

170 

4,597 

(354) 

Total comprehensive loss 
    for the period 

Acquisition of subsidiary 

Share based payments 

Share issues in relation to SIP 

Exercise of share options 

Purchase of own shares 

Other transfers 

— 

126 

— 

2 

15 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

77 

— 

— 

672 

— 

415 

(309) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(49) 

— 

(225) 

— 

— 

— 

11,355 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

4,123 

541,964 

— 

555,211

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(9,420) 

(9,420)

— 

— 

— 

309 

— 

11,481

672

30

430

(225)

—

(4,123) 

(4,988) 

9,111 

At 31 December 2014 

4,854 

662 

4,960 

(628) 

11,355 

— 

536,976 

— 

558,179

Total comprehensive loss 
    for the year 

Share based payments 

Share issues in relation to SIP 

Exercise of share options 

Purchase of own shares 

Other transfers 

— 

— 

3 

53 

— 

— 

— 

— 

186 

— 

1,937 

— 

— 

— 

(152) 

2,147 

(1,406) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(2,733) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(65,415) 

(65,415)

— 

— 

1,937

37

1,406 

2,200

— 

(2,733)

(64,009) 

64,009 

—

Balance at 31 December 2015 

4,910 

2,995 

5,491 

(3,513) 

11,355 

— 

472,967 

— 

494,205

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

Company cash flow statement
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

Cash flows from operating activities

Net loss before tax 

Adjustments to reconcile net losses to cash: 

Depreciation 

Impairment of investments and provisions against group balances 

Share based payment charge 

Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment 

Interest 

Foreign exchange 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

Notes 

Nine months 
ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

(65,415) 

(9,420)

276 

54,736 —

1,937 

12 —

(800) 

209 

218

672

(470)

203

Operating cash flows before movements in working capital 

(9,045) 

(8,797)

Changes in: 

Other receivables 

Payables 

Cash utilised by operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities

Purchase of equipment 

Acquisition of subsidiary 

Interest 

Investing cash flows before movements in capital balances 

Changes in:

Subsidiary loan balances 

Restricted cash 

Term deposits 

Cash flow from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities

Share options exercised 

Share incentive plan 

Purchase of own shares 

Cash flow from financing activities 

Currency translation differences relating to cash and cash equivalents 

Net cash flow 

Cash and cash equivalents brought forward 

Cash and cash equivalents carried forward 

938 5

990 

868

(7,117) 

(7,924)

(47) 

— 

617 

570 

(78,972) 

(1,044) 

40,000 

(39,446) 

2,200 

37 

(2,733) 

(496) 

(241) 

(47,059) 

94,406 

47,106 

(539)

(35,700)

673

(35,566)

(9,030)

(735)

85,000

39,669

430

29

(225)

234

(55)

31,979

62,482

94,406

78 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

Notes to the company financial statements
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

1.  Accounting policies
Company and its operations
Rockhopper Exploration plc, ‘the Company’, a public limited company quoted on AIM, incorporated and domiciled in the United Kingdom 
(‘UK’), holds, through its subsidiaries, certain exploration licences granted in 2004 and 2005 for the exploration and exploitation of oil 
and gas in the Falkland Islands. In 2014, it diversified its portfolio through the acquisition of an exploration and production company with 
operations principally based in Italy. The registered office of the Company is Hilltop Park, Devizes Road, Salisbury, SP3 4UF.

Authorisation of financial statements and statement of compliance with financial reporting standard 101 reduced disclosure framework 
(FRS101)
The financial statements of Rockhopper Exploration plc. for the year ended 31 December 2015 were approved and signed by the group 
chief financial officer on 12 April 2016 having been duly authorized to do so by the board of directors. The Company meets the definition 
of a qualifying entity under Financial Reporting Standard 100 (FRS100) issued by the Financial Reporting Council. Accordingly, these 
financial statements were prepared in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 101 Reduced Disclosure Framework (FRS101) and 
in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. The amendments to FRS101 (2014/15 cycle) issued in July 2015 and effective 
immediately have been applied. The material measurement or recognition adjustments on the adoption of FRS101 are disclosed along with 
further information in Note 14. 

In these financial statements, the Company has not applied for the exemptions available under FRS101.

Basis of accounting
These financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical 
cost convention. Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for the assets. As permitted by 
Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the profit and loss account of the Company is not presented as part of these financial statements. 
The accounting policies set out below have, unless otherwise stated, been applied consistently to all periods presented in these financial 
statements and in preparing an opening FRS101 balance sheet at 31 March 2014 for the purposes of the transition to FRS101.

All values are rounded to the nearest thousand dollars ($’000), except where otherwise indicated.

At the date of authorisation of this report the following standards and interpretations, which have not been applied in this report, were in 
issue but not yet effective. 

—  Annual improvements to IFRS, 2012-2014 cycle, 
— 

IFRS9 Financial Instruments

Management does not believe that the application of these standards will have a material impact on the financial statements. 

Going concern
At 31 December 2015, the Group had available resources of $110 million. In addition the Group’s main development, Sea Lion, is fully funded 
through a combination of Development Carries and a loan facility from the operator. 

It is for these reasons that the board is of the opinion, at the time of approving the financial statements, that the Group and Company has 
adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future, being at least twelve months from the date of approval  
of the financial statements. For this reason, the board has adopted the going concern basis in preparation of the financial statements.

Share based payment
The Company issues equity settled share based payments to certain employees. Equity settled share based payments are measured at 
fair value (excluding the effect of non market based vesting conditions) at the date of grant The fair value determined at the grant date of 
the equity settled share based payments is expensed on a straight line basis over the vesting period, based on the Company’s estimate of 
shares that will eventually vest and adjusted for non market based vesting conditions. 

Fair value is measured by use of either Binomial or Monte-Carlo simulation. 

Cash settled share based payment transactions result in a liability. Services received and liability incurred are measured initially at fair value 
of the liability at grant date, and the liability is remeasured each reporting period until settlement. The liability is recognised on a straight 
line basis over the period that services are rendered.

Investments
The investments in the subsidiary undertakings are included in the Company financial statements at cost. The Company assesses investments 
for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of investment may not be recoverable. If any 
such indication of impairment exists, the Company makes an estimate of its recoverable amount. Where the carrying amount of an investment 
exceeds its recoverable amount, the investment is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. 

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

79

Accounts 

Notes to the company financial statements continued
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

1.  Accounting policies continued
Income taxes and deferred taxation
The current tax expense is based on the taxable profits for the period, after any adjustments in respect of prior years. Tax, including tax 
relief for losses if applicable, is allocated over profits before tax and amounts charged or credited to reserves as appropriate.

Deferred taxation is recognised in respect of all taxable temporary differences that have originated but not reversed at the balance sheet 
date where a transaction or events have occurred at that date that will result in an obligation to pay more, or a right to pay less or to receive 
more, tax, with the exception that deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that the directors consider that it is probable that 
there will be suitable taxable profits from which the future reversal of the underlying temporary differences can be deducted.

Deferred tax is measured on an undiscounted basis at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the periods in which temporary differences 
reverse, based on tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.

Foreign currencies
The functional and presentation currency of the Company is US$.

Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate ruling at the transaction date. Monetary assets and 
liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into dollars at the exchange rates ruling at the balance sheet date and any 
differences thereon are included in the income statement. 

The period end rates of exchange actually used were:

£ : US$ 

a : US$ 

31 December 2015 

31 December 2014 

31 March 2014

1.48 

1.09 

1.56 

1.2 

1.66

1.38

Property, plant and equipment
Tangible fixed assets are stated at cost less depreciation. Depreciation is provided at rates calculated to write off the cost less estimated 
residual value of each asset evenly over its expected useful life as follows:

Office equipment 
Leasehold improvements 

Over 3 years
Over 5 years

Non-derivative financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised on the Company’s balance sheet when the Company has become a party to the 
contractual provisions of the instrument.

(i)  Other receivables

Other receivables are classified as loans and receivables and are initially recognised at fair value. They are subsequently measured at 
their amortised cost using the effective interest method less any provision for impairment. A provision for impairment is made where 
there is objective evidence that amounts will not be recovered in accordance with original terms of the agreement. A provision for 
impairment is established when the carrying value of the receivable exceeds the present value of the future cash flow discounted using 
the original effective interest rate. The carrying value of the receivable is reduced through the use of an allowance account and any 
impairment loss is recognised in the income statement.

(ii)  Term deposits

Term deposits are disclosed separately on the face of the balance sheet when their term is greater than three months and they are 
unbreakable.

(iii)  Restricted cash

Restricted cash is disclosed separately on the face of the balance sheet and denoted as restricted when it is not under the exclusive 
control of the Group.

(iv)  Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and at bank and other short-term deposits held by the Group including breakable 
and unbreakable deposits with terms of less than three months and breakable term deposits of greater terms than three months 
where amounts can be accessed within three months without material loss. They are stated at carrying value which is deemed to be 
fair value.

80 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
Accounts 

1.  Accounting policies continued 
(v)  Financial liabilities and equity

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into.  
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Group after deducting all of its liabilities.

(vi)  Trade payables

Trade payables are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

(vii)  Equity instruments

Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

Leasing
Rentals payable under operating leases are charged to income on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease. Benefits received 
and receivable as an incentive to enter into an operating lease are also spread on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

2.  Property, plant and equipment

Cost brought forward 

Additions 

Disposals 

Cost carried forward  

Accumulated depreciation brought forward 

Depreciation charge 

Disposals 

Accumulated depreciation carried forward 

Net book value brought forward 

Net book value carried forward 

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000

1,673 

47 

(272) 

1,448 

(999) 

(276) 

260 5

(1,015) 

674 

433 

1,139

539

(5)

1,673

(786)

(218)

(999)

353

674

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

81

 
 
 
 
Accounts 

Notes to the company financial statements continued
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

3. 

Investments

Cost brought forward 

Additions 

Cost carried forward  

Amounts provided brought forward 

Impairments 

Amounts provided brought forward 

Net book value brought forward 

Net book value carried forward 

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000

47,600 

— 

47,600 

420

47,180

47,600

(420) 

(420)

(45,080) —

(45,500) 

(420)

47,180 —

2,100 

47,180

All amounts relate to subsidiary undertakings. Additions during the prior period relate to the acquisition of 100% of the ordinary issued 
share capital of Mediterranean Oil & Gas Plc. See note 29 of the Group accounts for full details of the acquisition. Impairment during 
the year reflects the impairments of intangible and tangible assets held by subsidiaries. Additional disclosure on these impairments are 
included in note 14 and note 15 of the Group accounts.

Details of the investments at the period end were as follows:

Company 

Rockhopper Resources Limited 

Rockhopper Exploration (Oil) Limited 

Rockhopper Exploration (Hydrocarbons) Limited 

Rockhopper Exploration (Petrochemicals) Limited 

Rockhopper Exploration (Oil) Limited 

Rockhopper Mediterranean Limited 

Rockhopper Civita Limited 

Rockhopper Italia SpA 

Melita Exploration Company Limited 

Malta Oil Pty. Limited 

4.  Other receivables

Incorporated 

England & Wales 

England & Wales 

England & Wales 

England & Wales 

Falkland Islands 

England & Wales 

England & Wales 

Italy 

Malta 

Australia 

Receivables 

Prepayments 

Accrued interest 

Other 

Group undertakings 

Class of 
share 

Ordinary 

Ordinary 

Ordinary 

Ordinary 

Ordinary 

Ordinary 

Ordinary 

Ordinary 

Ordinary 

Ordinary 

Percentage 
held 
%

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000 

31 March 
2014 
$’000

— 

293 

349 

327 

1,130 

198 

166 

230 

819

416

369

328

404,462 

330,489 

308,219

405,431 

332,213 

310,151

Amounts with Group undertakings are subject to loan agreements, repayable on demand and interest free. Amounts with Group 
undertakings are net of provisions of $12,408,000 (31 December 2014: $2,752,000).

82 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5.  Other payables

Trade creditors 

Group undertakings 

Other creditors 

Accruals 

6.  Share capital

Shares in issue brought forward 

Shares issued

–    Issued in relation to acquisitions 

–    Issued in relation to share options 

–    Issued under the SIP 

Shares in issue carried forward 

Accounts 

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000 

1,090 

— 

264 

21,485 

22,839 

1,462 

847 

264 

14,619 

17,192 

31 March 
2014 
$’000

1,363

—

—

1,721

3,084

31 December 
2015 
Number 

31 December 
2014 
Number

292,805,453 

284,316,698

— 

7,481,816

3,532,920 

241,461 

950,000

56,939

296,579,834 

292,805,453

Called up, issued and fully paid: Ordinary shares of £0.01 each 

4,910 

296,579,834 

4,854 

292,805,453

31 December 2015 

31 December 2014

$’000  

Number  

$’000 

Number 

7.  Salaries and directors’ remuneration

Salaries and fees 

National insurance costs 

Pension costs 

Employee benefit costs 

Average number of employees 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
$’000 

Period ended 
31 December 
2014 
$’000

5,441 

4,360

843 

285 

108 

18 

663

222

92

17

Disclosures in relation to directors’ remuneration are given on a consolidated basis in the directors’ report and note 7 of the Group accounts.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

83

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts 

Notes to the company financial statements continued
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

8.  Auditor’s remuneration
Note 8 of the Group accounts provides details of the remuneration of the Company’s auditor on a Group basis.

9.  Share based payments
Note 9 of the Group accounts provides details of share based payments of the Group. The amounts disclosed are the same as those of 
the Company.

10.  Capital and reserves
For description of each of the reserves of the Company please see Note 25 of the Group accounts.

11.  Financial Commitments
The future aggregate minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases in respect of land and buildings were as 
follows:

Total committed within 1 year 

Total committed between 1 and 5 years 

12.  Post balance sheet events
See note 30 within the Group accounts.

31 December 
2015 
$’000 

31 December 
2014 
$’000

604 

1,678 

2,282 

687

2,168

2,855

13.  Related parties
During the year the Company provided funding and services to its subsidiaries totalling $78,972,000 (Nine months ended 31 December 
2014: $9,030,000). Balances owed by and to subsidiaries are disclosed in aggregate in note 4 and note 5. 

Note 28 of the Group accounts provides details on remuneration of key management personnel of the Group. The amounts disclosed are 
the same as those of the Company.

14.  Explanation of transition to FRS101
For all periods up to and including the period ended 31 December 2014, the Company prepared its financial statements in accordance 
with United Kingdom generally accepted accounting practice (UK GAAP). These financial statements, for the year ended 31 December 
2015, are the first the Company has prepared in accordance with FRS101. 

Comparative information included in these financial statements has also been prepared in accordance with FRS101 and the significant 
accounting policies described in Note 1. 

On transition to FRS101, the Company has applied the requirements of paragraphs 6-33 of IFRS1 ‘First-time adoption of International 
Financial Reporting Standards’ (IFRS1). 

In preparing these financial statements, the Company has started from an opening balance sheet as at 1 April  2014, the Company’s date of 
transition to FRS101, and made those changes in accounting policies and other restatements required for the first time adoption of FRS101.

84 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015

Rockhopper Exploration plc

 
 
 
 
 
 
14.  Explanation of transition to FRS101 continued

Non current assets

Property, plant and equipment 

Investments 

Current assets

Other receivables 

Restricted cash 

Term deposits 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets 

Current liabilities

Other payables 

Total liabilities 

Equity

Share capital 

Share premium 

Share based remuneration 

Own shares held in trust 

Merger reserve 

Foreign currency translation reserve 

Special reserve 

Retained losses 

Accounts 

FRS101 
$’000

674

47,180

332,213

898

100,000

94,406

31 March 2014 
UK GAAP 
and FRS101 
$’000 

353 

— 

UK GAAP 
$’000 

674 

35,825 

310,151 

332,213 

309 

898 

185,000 

100,000 

62,482 

94,406 

31 December 2014 
Effect of transition 
To FRS101 
$’000 

— 

11,355 

— 

— 

— 

— 

558,295 

564,116 

11,355 

575,371

3,084 

3,084 

4,711 

170 

4,597 

(354) 

— 

4,123 

17,192 

17,192 

4,854 

662 

4,960 

(628) 

— 

— 

541,964 

536,976 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

11,355 

— 

— 

— 

11,355 

11,355 

17,192

17,192

4,854

662

4,960

(628)

11,355

—

536,976

—

558,179

575,371

Attributable to the equity shareholders of the company 

555,211 

546,824 

Total liabilities and equity 

558,295 

564,116 

Effect of transition to FRS101
The addition to investments in the period to 31 December 2014 related to the acquisition of the entire issued share capital of Mediterranean 
Oil & Gas Plc. The consideration paid was a combination of cash and newly issued shares in the Company. Under previous UK GAAP, 
merger relief was applied and the shares issued were accounted for at nominal value. Under FRS101 merger relief can no longer be taken 
and the investment in Mediterranean Oil & Gas Plc have to be recorded at fair value and as such the investment additions in the prior period 
are $11,355,000 higher than had been recognised under previous UK GAAP leading to the creation of a Merger Reserve. See note 29 of the 
Group accounts for full details of the acquisition of Mediterranean Oil & Gas Plc.

There have been no other affects from the transition to FRS101 on the reported financial position and financial performance.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

85

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the company financial statements continued
for the year ended 31 December 2015 

15.  Risk Management Policies
Risk Review
The risks and uncertainties facing the Company are set out in the risk management report. Risks which require further quantification are 
set out below.

Foreign exchange risks: The Company’s functional currency is US$ and as such the Company is exposed to foreign exchange movements 
on monetary assets and liabilities denominated in other currencies. In addition a number of the Company’s subsidiaries have a functional 
currency other than US$, where this is the case the Company has an exposure to foreign exchange differences potentially impacting the 
carrying value of investments with differences being taken to reserves. 

The following table summarises the split of the Company’s assets and liabilities by currency:

Currency denomination of balance 

Assets 

31 December 2015 

31 December 2014 

Liabilities

31 December 2015 

31 December 2014 

$ 
$’000 

£ 
$’000 

501,422 

566,640 

15,546 

8,173 

18,790 

13,270 

4,049 

3,922 

a 
$’000

76

558

—

—

The following table summarises the impact on the Company’s pre-tax profit and equity of a reasonably possible change in the US$ to GB£ 
exchange rate and the US$ to euro exchange:

Pre tax profit   

Total equity

+10% US$ rate 
increase 
$’000 

-10% US$ rate 
decrease 
$’000 

+10% US$ rate 
increase 
$’000 

-10% US$ rate 
decrease 
$’000

1,150 

425 

(1,150) 

(425) 

1,150 

425 

(1,150)

(425)

8 

56 

(8) 

(56) 

8 

56 

(8)

(56)

US$ against GB£ 

31 December 2015 

31 December 2014 

US$ against euro 

31 December 2015 

31 December 2014 

86 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015Rockhopper Exploration plcAccounts­ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15.  Risk Management Policies continued
Capital risk management; the Company manages capital to ensure that it is able to continue as a going concern whilst maximising the 
return to shareholders. The capital structure consists of cash and cash equivalents and equity. The board regularly monitors the future 
capital requirements of the Company and Group, particularly in respect of its ongoing development programme.

Credit risk; the Company recharges partners and third parties for the provision of services. Should the company holding these accounts 
become insolvent then these funds may be lost or delayed in their release. The amounts classified as receivables as at the 31 December 
2015 were $nil (31 December 2014: $1,130,000). In addition the Company provides funding and services to subsidiary companies. These 
receivables are supported by the assets held by the various subsidiary companies and the expected cashflows from these assets. Should 
these assets not be monetised as expected then some or all of these funds may be lost or delayed in their release.  The amounts classified 
as receivables, net of provisions, as at the 31 December 2015 were $404,462,000 (31 December 2014: $330,489,000). 

Interest rate risks; the Company has no debt and so its exposure to interest rates is limited to finance income it receives on cash and term 
deposits. The Company is not dependent on its finance income and given the current interest rates the risk is not considered to be material.

Liquidity risks; the Company makes limited use of term deposits where the amounts placed on deposit cannot be accessed prior to their 
maturity date. The amounts applicable at the 31 December 2015 were $60.0 million (31 December 2014: $100.0million) and are disclosed in 
the counter-party risk table below.

Counter-party risk; rather than keep all its funds with one bank, the Company splits its funds across a number of banks, two of which are 
part owned by the British government.

Barclays plc 

Lloyds 

Standard Chartered plc 

Investec 

Total term deposits 

RBS plc 

Barclays plc 

Lloyds TSB plc 

Others 

Total cash and cash equivalents 

Total term deposits and cash and cash equivalents 

31 Dec 15 
$’000 

31 Dec 14 
$’000

40,000 —

10,000 

— 

10,000 

60,000 

33,246 

61 

13,784 

15 

47,106 

107,106 

20,000

30,000

50,000

100,000

89,235

15

5,088

1,350

99,726

199,726

87

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 Rockhopper Exploration plc Accounts  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Key licence interests as at 1 April 2016 

Falkland Islands
North Falkland Basin

Licence 

PL003a 

PL003b 

PL004a 

PL004b 

PL004c 

PL005 

PL032 

PL033 

South Falkland Basin

Licence 

PL010–PL016 

PL025–PL029 

PL031 

Operator  

Rockhopper working 
interest % 

Field/Discovery

Rockhopper 

Rockhopper 

Premier Oil 

Premier Oil 

Premier Oil 

Rockhopper 

Premier Oil 

95.50 

60.50 

—

—

64.00 

Isobel Deep

64.00 

64.00 

100.00 

Beverley
Casper South
Zebedee

—

—

40.00  Casper North
Sea Lion

Premier Oil 

40.00 

—

Operator  

Rockhopper working 
interest % 

Field/Discovery

  Noble Energy 

  Noble Energy 

  Noble Energy 

52.50* 

40.00 

40.00 

—

—

—

* Rockhopper’s interest in licences PL010 – PL012 and PL016 is 20% below the APX-150 sands (which were located approximately 4,750 metres depth in the Humpback well).

Greater Mediterranean
Italy

Licence 

A.C35.AG 

A.C19.PI 

A.R81.FR 

B.R269.GC 

Serra San Bernardo (Monte Gross) 

Aglavizza 

# Operatorship of the Serra San Bernardo licence is in the process of being transferred to Eni. 

Malta

Licence 

Area 3 

Croatia

Licence 

Block 9 † 

† Subject to signature of PSA expected during 2016.

88 

Operator  

Rockhopper working 
interest % 

Eni 

Eni 

Eni 

20.00 

15.00 

15.00 

Field/Discovery

Guendalina

—

—

Rockhopper 

Rockhopper# 

Rockhopper 

100.00  Ombrina Mare

22.89 

100.00 

—

Civita

Operator  

Rockhopper working 
interest % 

Field/Discovery

  Cairn Energy 

40.00 

—

Operator  

Rockhopper working 
interest % 

Field/Discovery

Eni 

40.00 

—

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015Rockhopper Exploration plcAccounts­ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholder information 

Glossary

AGM 
bbl 
bcf 
Board 
boe 
boepd 
BOP 
bopd 
Capex 
Company 
E&P 
EIS 
ESA 
ExCo 
Farm-in 
Farm-out 
FDP 
FEED 
FID 
FIG 
FOGL 
FPSO 
G&A 
Group 
GSA 
HoA 
HSE 
IAS  
IFRS 
JV 
kboepd 
kbopd 
KPI 
LoI 
LTI 
LTIP  
MOG 
mmbbls 
mmboe 
mmscfd 
mscf 
mt 
NAV 
Premier 
PSA 
PSC 
scm 
SIP 
spud 
STOIIP 
TSR 
2C 
2P 
$/US$ 
WI 

Annual General Meeting
barrel
billion cubic feet
the Board of Directors of Rockhopper Exploration plc
barrel(s) of oil equivalent
barrel(s) of oil equivalent per day
blow out preventer
barrel(s) of oil per day
capital expenditure
Rockhopper Exploration PLC
exploration and production
Environmental Impact Statement
Exploration Study Agreement
Executive Committee
to acquire an interest in a licence from another party
to assign an interest in a licence to another party
field development plan
front end engineering and design
Final Investment Decision
Falkland Islands Government
Falkland Oil & Gas Limited
floating production, storage and offtake vessel
General & Administration  expenses
The Company and its sunsidiaries
Gas Sales Agreement
Heads of Agreement
health, safety and environment
International Accounting Standard
International Financial Reporting Standard
Joint Venture
thousand barrels of oil equivalent per day
thousand barrels of oil per day
key performance indicator
Letter of Intent
Lost Time Incident
Long Term Incentive Plan
Mediterranean Oil & Gas plc
million barrels
million barrels of oil equivalent
million standard cubic feet per day
thousand standard cubic feet
metric tonne
net asset value
Premier Oil plc
Production Sharing Agreement
Production Sharing Contract
standard cubic metre
Share Incentive Plan
to commence drilling a well
stock-tank oil initially in place
total shareholder return
best estimate of contingent resources
proven plus probable
United States dollar
working interest

Key contacts

Registered address  
and head office:
Hilltop Park
Devizes Road
Salisbury
Wiltshire
SP3 4UF

Mediterranean office: 
Via Cornelia, 498
00166 Roma
Italia

Solicitors
Ashurst LLP
Broadwalk House
5 Appold Street
London
EC2A 2DA

Principal Bankers
Royal Bank of Scotland plc
36 St Andrew Square
Edinburgh
EH2 2YB

Nomad and joint broker
Canaccord Genuity Limited
88 Wood Street 
London 
EC2V 7QR

Auditor
KPMG LLP
15 Canada Square
London
E14 5GL

Registrar
Computershare Investor 
Services plc
Vintners Place
68 Upper Thames Street
London
EC4V 3BJ

Joint broker
Liberum Capital Limited
Ropemaker Place, Level 12
25 Ropemaker Street
London 
EC2Y 9LY

Joint broker
Merrill Lynch International
2 King Edward Street
London
EC1A 1HQ

Concerns and procedures

General emails
info@rockhopperexploration.co.uk

Audit committee emails
rkh@rockhopperexploration.co.uk

Website
www.rockhopperexploration.co.uk

Shareholder concerns:
Should shareholders have concerns which have not been 
adequately addressed by the chairman or chief executive,  
please contact the chairman of the audit committee at:
rkh@rockhopperexploration.co.uk

Whistle-blowing procedures:
Should employees, consultants, contractors or other 
interested parties have concerns which have not been 
adequately addressed by the chairman or chief executive, 
please contact the chairman of the audit committee at:
rkh@rockhopperexploration.co.uk

Designed and produced by JacksonBone Limited.
Printed in England by Synergy Group.

Rockhopper Exploration plc 

Report & Accounts for the year ended 31 December 2015 

89

 
Rockhopper Exploration plc
Hilltop Park
Devizes Road
Salisbury 
SP3 4UF 
Telephone +44 (0)1722 414 419

Mediterranean office: 
Via Cornelia, 498
00166 Roma
Italia
Telephone +39 06 62290270

info@rockhopperexploration.co.uk
www.rockhopperexploration.co.uk

@RockhopperExplo

Company Reg. No. 05250250

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Building a well-funded,  
full-cycle, exploration  
led E&P company

 Report and Accounts  
for the year ended 31 December 2015