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SEB

seb · AMEX Industrials
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FY2022 Annual Report · SEB
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S E A B     A R D
C O R P O R A T I O N

A N N U A L   R E P O R T

2022

Letter to Stockholders 

Dear Stockholders: 

2022 was a record year for our company.  This was the second straight year of very strong financial performance. That 
is  an  accomplishment  we  are  extremely  proud  of  and  reflects  the  focus  we  place  on  vertical  integration  and  cost 
containment. We are excited about achieving new profitability milestones yet we remain cautious about the future, 
recognizing that we will face increasing headwinds in the months and years to come.  The war in Ukraine and spiraling 
inflation create a great deal of uncertainty and a challenging business environment for all.  As the Fed attempts to 
tame inflation by dramatically increasing interest rates it is difficult to predict the ultimate impact these actions will 
have on the economy.   The current macro environment impacts our businesses in many different ways.  Once again, 
the  diversity of our businesses  and  the vertical  integration strategy within  them has helped  insulate  us  from  these 
impacts.  

Seaboard Marine had an incredible 2021, and in 2022 they nearly tripled those results.  It is quite astonishing to see 
decades of hard work and patience be rewarded so abundantly in such a short period of time. A significant portion of 
these earnings will be reinvested into the business.  There are now six ships on order that are capable of running on 
natural gas and they will serve as the backbone of our fleet for many years to come.  

Our Commodity Trading and Milling group accomplished a record year of their own.  With a naturally long position 
in grain, they benefited from the run up in commodity prices, particularly in wheat.  However, these increased values 
became increasingly difficult to realize as many of our markets are located in the developing world and had difficulty 
absorbing  and  passing  on  the  higher  costs.  Our  seasoned  management  team  navigated  the  environment  well  and 
positioned the company to continue its growth as they hand the reins to new leadership in our overseas division.  

Butterball  also  had  the  best  year  in  its  history.  Although  avian  influenza  wreaked  havoc  on  the  poultry  industry, 
Butterball was able to minimize the impact to its flocks, enabling them to help fill a supply shortage in the market and 
benefit from the resultant higher sales prices.   

On the flip side of the coin, persistent labor challenges and very high feed costs negatively impacted our Pork division, 
Seaboard  Foods.    We  are  making  a  number  of  changes  and  investments  to  increase  the  productivity  of  our  live 
production assets and management did an excellent job of finding ways to mitigate the labor shortages and increase 
the efficiency of our processing plant.  Our renewable diesel plant began operations during the year but experienced 
more issues than anticipated.  It will likely not be operating at capacity until the second quarter of 2023.  Our new 
power-generating barge in the Dominican Republic also suffered some delays in its startup but is operating at capacity 
now and we expect consistent production going forward.   

In all cases our long-term vision for these businesses and our trust in management has not wavered and we continue 
to reinvest heavily to increase efficiencies, vertically integrate, and create a healthier and safer environment for our 
team members and our communities. 

We will not grow complacent with our strong results and remain ready to tackle new obstacles as they arise.  We are 
more  confident  than  ever  in  our  strategy  and  in  our  world  class  team  members  who  work  tirelessly  to  deliver 
outstanding results over the long-term.  To our team members, thank you for continuing to raise the bar ever higher. 

Robert L. Steer  
President and 
Chief Executive Officer 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C.  20549 
FORM 10-K 

(Mark One) 
☒   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 

or 

☐   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
For the transition period from _______________ to ____________________ 
Commission file number: 1-3390 
SEABOARD CORPORATION 
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter) 

Delaware 
(State or Other Jurisdiction of 
Incorporation or Organization) 

9000 West 67th Street, Merriam, Kansas 
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) 

04-2260388 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 

66202 
(Zip Code) 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (913) 676-8928 

Trading Symbol(s)  Name of each exchange on which registered   

Title of each class 
Common Stock $1.00 Par Value 

NYSE American 

SEB 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.     Yes  No  
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act.               Yes  No  
Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  (1) has  filed  all  reports  required  to  be  filed  by  Section 13  or  15(d) of  the  Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), 
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.                                                                             Yes  No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant 
to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant 
was required to submit such files).                                                                                                                                          Yes  No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting 
company,  or  an  emerging  growth  company.  See  the  definitions  of  “large  accelerated  filer,”  “accelerated  filer,”  “smaller  reporting 
company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated filer  
Non-accelerated filer     

   
Accelerated filer  
Smaller reporting company ☐ 
Emerging growth company ☐ 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for 
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.               
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness 
of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered 
public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.                                                                                                                ☒ 
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant 
included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.                                                           ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based 
compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).   ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).                            Yes ☐ No ☒ 
The aggregate market value of the 253,186 shares of Seaboard common stock held by nonaffiliates was approximately $975,629,464, 
based on the closing price of $3,853.41 per share on July 2, 2022, the end of Seaboard’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. 
As of January 31, 2023, the number of shares of common stock outstanding was 1,160,779. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 
Part III incorporates information by reference to the registrant’s definitive proxy statement, to be filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission within 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022. 

 
 
 
SEABOARD CORPORATION 
FORM 10-K 
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Business 

Part I 
Item 1 
Item 1A  Risk Factors 
Item 1B  Unresolved Staff Comments 
Item 2 
Item 3 
Item 4  Mine Safety Disclosures 

Properties 
Legal Proceedings 

Part II 
Item 5  Market  for  Registrant’s  Common  Equity,  Related  Stockholder  Matters  and  Issuer  Purchases  of 

Equity Securities 
[Reserved] 

Item 6 
Item 7  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 
Item 7A  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 
Item 8 

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 
Consolidated Balance Sheets 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 

Item 9 
Item 9A  Controls and Procedures 
Item 9B  Other Information 
Item 9C  Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent inspections 

Part III 
Item 10  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 
Item 11  Executive Compensation 
Item 12 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder 
Matters 

Item 13  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 
Item 14 

Principal Accountant Fees and Services 

Part IV 
Item 15  Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules 
Item 16 

Form 10-K Summary 
Signatures 

Page 
2 
8 
15 
15 
16 
16 

17 

18 
18 
25 
27 
27 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
56 
56 
57 
57 

57 
57 
57 

57 
57 

58 
60 
61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART I 

Forward-looking Statements 
This  report,  including  information  included  or  incorporated  by  reference  in  this  report,  contains  “forward-looking 
statements” within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including with respect to the 
financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business of Seaboard Corporation and 
its subsidiaries (“Seaboard”). Forward-looking statements generally may be identified as statements that are not historical 
in nature and statements preceded by, followed by or that include the words “believes,” “expects,” “plans,” “may,” “will,” 
“should,” “could,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “intends” or similar expressions. 

In more specific terms, forward-looking statements include, without limitation: 

 

 

 

 

statements concerning the projection of revenues, income or loss, capital expenditures, capital structure or other 
financial items; 

statements regarding the plans and objectives of management for future operations; 

statements of future economic performance; 

statements regarding the intent, belief or current expectations of Seaboard and its management with respect to: 

(i) 
(ii) 
(iii) 

(iv) 
(v) 

(vi) 
(vii) 
(viii) 
(ix) 
(x) 

(xi) 

(xii) 
(xiii) 
(xiv) 

Seaboard’s ability to obtain adequate financing and liquidity; 
the price of feed stocks and other materials used by Seaboard; 
the sale price or market conditions for pork, agricultural commodities, renewable and biodiesel, sugar, 
alcohol, turkey and other products and services; 
the recorded tax effects under certain circumstances and changes in tax laws; 
the  volume  of  business  and  working  capital  requirements  associated  with  the  competitive  trading 
environment for the Commodity Trading and Milling (“CT&M”) segment;  
the charter hire rates and fuel prices for vessels; 
the fuel costs and related spot market prices for electricity in the Dominican Republic;  
the effect of the fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates; 
the profitability or sales volume of any of Seaboard’s segments; 
the anticipated costs and completion timetables for Seaboard’s capital improvements, acquisitions and 
dispositions;  
the  productive  capacity  of  facilities  that  are  planned  or  under  construction,  and  the  timing  of  the 
commencement of operations at such facilities;  
potential future impact on Seaboard’s business of new legislation, rules or policies; 
adverse results in pending litigation matters; or 
other trends affecting Seaboard’s financial condition or results of operations, and statements of the 
assumptions underlying or relating to any of the foregoing statements. 

This list of forward-looking statements is not exclusive. Forward-looking statements are based only on Seaboard’s current 
beliefs,  expectations  and  assumptions  regarding  its  future  financial  condition,  results  of  operations,  plans,  objectives, 
performance and business. Seaboard undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, 
whether as a result of new information, future events, changes in assumptions or otherwise, except as required by law. 
Forward-looking  statements  are  not  guarantees  of  future  performance  or  results.  They  involve  risks,  uncertainties  and 
assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements due to a 
variety of factors. The information contained in this Form 10-K and in other filings Seaboard makes with the Securities 
and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), including without limitation, the information under the items “Risk Factors” and 
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this Form 10-K, identifies 
important factors which could cause such differences. 

1 

 
 
 
 
Item 1. Business 
General Development of Business 
Seaboard Corporation and its subsidiaries (collectively, “Seaboard”) together comprise a diversified group of companies 
that operate worldwide in agricultural and ocean transport businesses. Seaboard is primarily engaged in hog production 
and pork processing in the United States (“U.S.”); commodity trading and grain processing in Africa and South America; 
cargo shipping services in the U.S., Caribbean and Central and South America; sugar and alcohol production in Argentina; 
and electric power generation in the Dominican Republic. Seaboard also has an equity method investment in Butterball, 
LLC (“Butterball”), a producer and processor of turkey products.  

Approximately 77% of the outstanding common stock of Seaboard is collectively owned by Seaboard Flour LLC and 
SFC Preferred,  LLC,  which  are  Delaware  limited  liability  companies.  Ellen  Bresky,  the  Chairwoman  of  the  Board  of 
Directors, and other members of the Bresky family, including trusts created for their benefit, own the equity interests of 
Seaboard Flour LLC and SFC Preferred, LLC.  

Seaboard’s diverse operations are relatively decentralized, with each segment having a management team that operates 
independently of the others. At certain segments, Seaboard uses vertical integration to increase its supply chain reliability. 
To achieve vertical integration, Seaboard has made acquisitions and invested in strategic joint ventures. All of Seaboard’s 
segments  provide  basic  essential  goods  or  services,  including  food,  energy  and  transportation.  Accordingly,  most  of 
Seaboard’s operations are heavily commodity-driven, resulting in high volatility to market prices and a cyclical nature of 
financial performance.  

Seaboard  has  six  reportable  segments:  Pork,  CT&M,  Marine,  Sugar  and  Alcohol,  Power  and  Turkey.  Each  segment’s 
contribution to net sales and operating income (loss), and its respective assets and capital expenditures are included in 
Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements. Seaboard operates in over 45 countries, with a concentration in the U.S. 
and countries in Central and South America and Africa. Additional information regarding sales and property, plant and 
equipment located in foreign locations is also included in Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements.  

Description of Segments 

Pork  Segment  -  Seaboard,  through  its  subsidiary  Seaboard  Foods  LLC,  is  a  vertically  integrated  pork  producer  that 
primarily produces and sells pork products to further processors, foodservice operators, distributors and grocery stores. 
This segment sells to U.S. customers and exports to Japan, Mexico, China and numerous other foreign markets. Seaboard’s 
hog production facilities consist of genetic and commercial breeding, farrowing, nursery and finishing buildings.  

Seaboard has a 50% noncontrolling interest in Seaboard Triumph Foods, LLC (“STF”), which operates a pork processing 
plant  located  in  Iowa,  with  a  capacity  to  process  approximately  six  million  market  hogs  annually.  Seaboard  and 
Triumph Foods,  LLC (“Triumph”),  an  independent pork  processor,  supply  a portion  of  the  hogs  processed  at  the  STF 
plant.  The  Pork  segment  also  has  a  50%  noncontrolling  interest  in  Daily’s  Premium  Meats,  LLC  (“Daily’s”),  which 
produces and markets raw and pre-cooked bacon using pork bellies primarily sourced from Seaboard, Triumph and STF, 
at its locations in Utah, Montana and Missouri. Seaboard has marketing agreements with STF, Daily’s and Triumph to 
market their products and has a margin-sharing arrangement with Triumph that considers the average sales price, standard 
costs  and  the mix  of products  sold from  the  Seaboard  and  Triumph pork  processing plants.  In  2022,  Seaboard’s  Pork 
segment sold to Triumph a 50% interest in Seaboard de Mexico USA LLC, its ham-boning and processing plant in Mexico.  

The Pork segment produces biodiesel at facilities in Oklahoma and Missouri and renewable diesel at a facility in Kansas, 
which  began  operations  during  the  third  quarter  of  2022.  These  products  are  produced  from  pork  fat  supplied  by  the 
Oklahoma pork processing plant and other animal fats and vegetable oils purchased from third parties and sold to fuel 
blenders for distribution.  

CT&M Segment - Seaboard’s CT&M segment, which is managed under the name of Seaboard Overseas and Trading 
Group, is an integrated agricultural commodity trading, processing and logistics company. Seaboard’s CT&M segment 
has ownership interests in several non-consolidated affiliates to further its business strategies. Overall, the CT&M segment, 
including its affiliates, has facilities in 27 countries, primarily in Africa and South America. The majority of the trading 
business is transacted with chartered ships or vessels this segment owns. 

Marine Segment - Seaboard, through its subsidiary, Seaboard Marine Ltd., and various foreign-affiliated companies and 
third-party  agents,  provides  cargo  shipping  services  in  the  U.S.  and  26  countries  in  the  Caribbean  and  Central  and 
South America. This segment’s primary operations are in Miami, Florida, and include a marine terminal and an off-port 
warehouse for cargo consolidation and temporary storage. Scheduled port calls are made in Brooklyn, New York; Houston, 
Texas;  New  Orleans,  Louisiana;  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania;  Savannah,  Georgia;  and  various  foreign  ports  in  the 

2 

 
 
Caribbean  and  Central  and  South  America.  A  network  of  offices  and  agents  are  used  to  sell  freight  services  and  this 
segment’s capabilities allow transport by truck or rail of import and export cargo to and from various U.S. and foreign 
ports.  This  segment’s  fleet  consists  of  17  chartered  and  six  owned  vessels  as  of  December  31,  2022,  as  well  as  dry, 
refrigerated and specialized containers.  

Sugar  and  Alcohol  Segment  -  Seaboard,  through  its  subsidiary,  Seaboard  Energías  Renovables  y  Alimentos  S.R.L., 
operates  a  vertically  integrated  sugar  and  alcohol  production  facility  in  Argentina.  Seaboard  supplies  most  of  the  raw 
material processed in this facility with sugarcane grown on land that it owns. The sugar is primarily marketed locally, with 
some exports to other countries. The alcohol is marketed to industrial users and sold as dehydrated alcohol to certain oil 
companies under the Argentine governmental bioethanol program, which requires alcohol to be blended with gasoline. 
This segment also owns a 51-megawatt cogeneration power plant, which is fueled by the burning of sugarcane by-products, 
natural gas and other biomass, like woodchips. 

Power  Segment  -  Seaboard,  through  its  subsidiary,  Transcontinental  Capital  Corp.  (Bermuda)  Ltd.,  is  an  independent 
power producer generating electricity for the Dominican Republic power grid. It is not directly involved in the transmission 
or distribution of electricity and is exempt from regulations under the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1938, as 
amended. Seaboard’s Power segment uses two power-generating barges for its current operations. The barge that began 
operations in 2012, named Estrella Del Mar II (“EDM II”), is capable of using natural gas or heavy fuel oil to produce up 
to 108 megawatts of electricity. The barge that began operations in 2022, named Estrella Del Mar III (“EDM III”), can 
generate  approximately  148 megawatts  of  electricity  using  natural  gas.  While  EDM  II  remains  in  operation  in  the 
Dominican Republic, Seaboard continues to explore strategic alternatives for this barge, including a sale or relocation. 

Turkey Segment - Seaboard has a 52.5% noncontrolling interest in Butterball, a producer and processor of conventional 
and  antibiotic-free  turkey  products.  Butterball  is  a  national  supplier  to  retail  stores,  foodservice  outlets  and  industrial 
entities, and to a lesser extent, exports products to Mexico and other foreign markets.  

Other Businesses 
Seaboard, through its subsidiary, Mount Dora Farms, Inc., processes jalapeño peppers at its plant in Honduras which are 
primarily shipped to and sold in the U.S. 

Customers 
Seaboard does not have sales to any one customer equal to 10% or more of consolidated revenues. The Sugar and Alcohol 
segment had two bioethanol customers that collectively represented 35%-46% of its total sales in each of the last three 
years. The Power segment sells power in the Dominican Republic to wholly government-owned distribution companies 
and  other  spot-market  customers.  The  Turkey  segment  had  two  retail  customers  that  collectively  represented 
approximately 27% of its total sales in each of the last three years. 

Competitive Conditions 
Competition  in  Seaboard’s  Pork  segment  comes  from  a  variety  of  regional,  national  and  international  producers  and 
processors  and  is  based  primarily  on  product  quality,  customer  service  and  price.  According  to  S&P  Global  in  2022, 
Seaboard  Foods  LLC  was  ranked  number  three  in  hog  production  in  the  U.S.  based  on  only  this  segment’s  sows  in 
production and number four in pork processing in the U.S. based on daily processing capacity, including Triumph’s and 
STF’s capacity. 

Seaboard’s  CT&M  segment  faces  competition  from  numerous  traders  around  the  world  and  imported  grain-processed 
products or other local producers in the same industries. 

Seaboard’s Marine segment faces competition based on price, reliable sailing frequencies and customer service.  

Seaboard’s Sugar and Alcohol segment owns one of the largest sugar mills in Argentina and faces significant competition 
for sugar and alcohol sales in the local Argentine market. Sugar and alcohol prices in Argentina can fluctuate compared to 
world markets due to foreign currency, Argentine government price controls and protection policies.  

For Seaboard’s Power segment, the Dominican government sets a cap on the electricity spot market prices and establishes 
the dispatch order of who sells into the power grid based on a merit list. To sell to the power grid, Seaboard competes with 
producers utilizing various types of fuel and generation technologies, including hydro, solar, wind, natural gas, heavy fuel 
oil, diesel or coal. Renewable energy producers and producers who have lower variable operating costs to operate may 
receive dispatch preference from the Dominican government. EDM III, which was completed in 2022, uses gas turbines 
instead of engines and is more efficient than Seaboard’s dual-fueled barge, EDM II. 

3 

 
Competition within specific product categories and sales channels for the Turkey segment comes from a variety of regional 
and national producers and processors and is based primarily on brand, product quality, customer service and price.  

Seasonal Business 
The Turkey business is seasonal for whole birds and related products, with the holiday season driving the majority of those 
sales. Seaboard’s other segments are not seasonally dependent to any material extent. 

Research and Development 
The majority of  Seaboard’s research  and development occurs  in  the  Pork  segment.  Within hog  production operations, 
activities are directed at improving the genetics, health and feed efficiency of hogs. The plant processing operations focuses 
on increasing meat quality, as well as other manufacturing process improvements. Seaboard has also invested research and 
development resources in the development of biodiesel plants and a renewable diesel facility. 

Raw Materials and Sources of Supply  
During 2022, Seaboard raised approximately 90% of the hogs processed at its processing plant in Oklahoma, with the 
remaining  hog  requirements  purchased  primarily  under  contracts  from  independent  producers.  The  CT&M  segment 
sources, transports and markets approximately 14 million metric tons per year of wheat, corn, soybeans, soybean meal and 
other commodities, generally purchased from farmers, grain elevators and wholesale merchants. Changes in origination 
sources,  weather  patterns,  planting  forecasts  and  consumption  patterns  may  impact  supply  and  demand  and  related 
commodity prices in this segment. The Sugar segment supplied approximately 80% of the sugar cane processed in its 
facility. 

Fuel  is  a  significant raw material  for  the  Power  segment.  EDM III only  operates on natural gas  and there  is only  one 
supplier in the Dominican Republic. The dispatch of EDM II is dependent on the effective sourcing of heavy fuel oil or 
natural gas at competitive prices. The Power segment has entered into a long-term fuel supply agreement to ensure natural 
gas is available for EDM III’s expected operations. The Turkey segment purchases a significant portion of its grain used 
in  the  manufacturing  of  feed  for  its  turkeys  in  North  Carolina  from  Seaboard’s  partner  in  Butterball.  Also,  Butterball 
purchases poults for its operations from one supplier that has multiple locations.  

Intellectual Property 
Seaboard believes there is recognition of the registered trademarks identified below in the various industries Seaboard 
serves. While Seaboard considers all of its intellectual and proprietary rights important, Seaboard believes its business as 
a whole is not materially dependent on any particular patent, trademark, license or other intellectual property right. The 
Pork  segment  uses  trademarks,  including  Seaboard  Foods®,  Seaboard  Farms®,  Seaboard  EnergyTM,  Prairie  Fresh®, 
Prairie Fresh USA Prime®, Our Farms, Our Commitment®, St. Joe Pork® and Cook-in Bag®. The CT&M segment uses 
trademarks,  including  Mothers  Pride®  and  Zambia’s  Pride®  in  Zambia,  Thunderbolt  Flour®  and  Maid  Marian®  in 
Guyana, GMA® and Top Pain® in Ivory Coast, GMD® and Jarga® in Senegal and Wayne® in Ecuador. The Marine 
segment uses trademarks, including Seaboard Marine® and Seaboard Solutions®. The Sugar and Alcohol segment uses 
trademarks,  including  Chango®,  Chango  Premium®  and  Tabacal®.  The  Turkey  segment  uses  trademarks,  including, 
Butterball®, Carolina Turkey® and Farm to Family Butterball®.  

Human Capital Resources 
Generally, Seaboard’s segments operate autonomously to implement the human capital strategies that best meet the diverse 
needs of the workforce, industry, competitive environment and legal requirements of the countries it operates in. This often 
includes developing location-specific employee benefits, policies, programs and practices. Although individual programs 
and  benefits  vary  by  location,  all  segments  align  with  Seaboard’s  core  principles  which  emphasize  health  and  safety, 
financial wellness, learning and development, and global diversity and acceptance.  

As of December 31, 2022, Seaboard had approximately 13,000 total employees, of whom approximately 52% were in the 
U.S., 31% were in the Caribbean, Latin and South America and 17% were in Africa.  

4 

 
 
The following is an approximate employee breakdown by segment as of December 31, 2022:  

United States 

Caribbean, 
Latin America, 
South America 

Africa 

Other 

Total 

Pork 
Total Employees 
% Union 
CTM 
Total Employees 
% Union 
Marine 
Total Employees 
% Union 
Sugar & Alcohol 
Total Employees 
% Union 
Power 
Total Employees 
% Union 
Corporate & All Other   
Total Employees 
% Union 
Total Employees 
Total % Union 

 5,590  
36%  

 30 
0%  

 915 
0%  

 — 
 —  

 — 
 —  

 75 
0%  
 6,610 
30%  

 — 
 —  

 651 
9%  

 1,527 
0%  

 1,159 
75%  

 230 
0%  

 279 
0%  
 3,846 
24%  

 — 
 —  

 2,100 
49%  

 — 
 —  

 — 
 —  

 — 
 —  

 — 
 —  
 2,100 
49%  

 —  
 —  

 58 
0%  

 — 
 —  

 — 
 —  

 — 
 —  

 — 
 —  
 58 
0%  

 5,590  
36%  

 2,839  
38%  

 2,442  
0%  

 1,159  
75%  

 230  
0%  

 354  
0%  
 12,614  
32%  

Substantially all of the Pork segment’s hourly employees at its processing plant are covered by a collective bargaining 
agreement that expires in 2026. In the CT&M segment, approximately 38% of employees at mills, primarily in Africa and 
South America, are subject to collective bargaining agreements with various unions under agreements that expire between 
2023 and 2025. In the Sugar and Alcohol segment, substantially all of its hourly mill employees in Argentina are covered 
by a collective bargaining agreement that renews in April of each year. Seaboard believes it has good relationships with 
its employees and their representative labor organizations and experienced no work stoppages at any of its locations during 
2022.  

Seaboard’s employees are critical to operational success and their health and safety is a top priority. All full-time domestic 
employees are eligible to receive medical and dental benefits and participate in wellness programs. The Power segment 
subsidizes 85% of the employee’s and families’ medical coverage. Almost all Marine and CT&M foreign locations have 
either company-subsidized private health coverage or public health coverage as mandated by their local governments. All 
employees of the Sugar and Alcohol segment are eligible for subsidized health coverage either through the company or 
under  a  union  medical  program.  The  Pork,  Sugar  and  Alcohol  and  Power  segments  have  health  clinics  onsite  at  their 
respective principal locations. 

At times, recruitment and retention can be a challenge for certain locations in the Pork and CT&M segments. In 2022, the 
Pork  segment  had  a  retention  rate  of  approximately  75%  primarily  due  to  its  nature  of  work  and  rural  locations,  and 
approximately 25% of the Pork segment’s workforce is dependent upon employment visas in different production areas. 
In  the  CT&M  segment,  which  has  operations  in  developing  countries,  challenges  associated  with  safety  and  political 
instability exist from time to time, which may create challenges in identifying and retaining qualified local and expatriate 
personnel. 

Flexible compensation and benefit strategies are developed by Seaboard’s segments to attract and retain employees and 
reduce  turnover  and  associated  costs.  Seaboard  provides  competitive  pay,  paid  time  off,  holidays  and  other  benefits 
depending on location. All domestic employees that work over a certain number of hours are eligible to participate in the 
company-sponsored 401K retirement savings plan. At many of the foreign locations, Seaboard participates in government-
required pension funds on behalf of its employees. Additional benefits are determined by the segment, but often include 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
employee  discounts  on  products  produced  such  as  meat  and  sugar  in  the  Pork  and  Sugar  and  Alcohol  segments, 
respectively, and back-to-school supply donations in the Power Segment.  

Seaboard’s segments also provide on-the-job training and various professional development opportunities. For example, 
full time employees with at least one year of service in the Pork segment are eligible for tuition reimbursement, and the 
segment has developed a comprehensive training program to promote internal employees to management positions. In the 
Marine segment, employees are provided training courses through an online platform, including industry-specific, job-
specific and general skills courses, and heavy equipment operators have a formal training program with a certain number 
of hours that must be met before promotion. 

Because Seaboard operates around the world, global diversity and acceptance are critical for continued success, including 
at the highest levels, where 40% of Seaboard’s board of directors are female, including the chairwoman.  

Governmental Regulations 
Environmental Matters 
Seaboard’s Pork segment and Turkey segment are subject to numerous federal, state and local laws and regulations relating 
to the environment, such as treatment of wastewater and air emissions, that require the expenditure of funds in the ordinary 
course of business. Seaboard’s Pork and Turkey segments do not anticipate making expenditures for these purposes that, 
in the aggregate, would have a material effect on Seaboard’s financial condition or results of operations. Seaboard’s Marine 
and CT&M segments’ vessels are subject to environment regulations related to fuel efficiency, which may cause certain 
vessels to reduce their speed, potentially impacting voyage routes. Seaboard’s Power segment must receive permits from 
local authorities to operate, including environmental licenses, among others, and these permits may be canceled or not 
renewed. The environmental permits for both EDM II and EDM III run through September 2023. The renewal process has 
been initiated and it is expected that each barge will have its corresponding permit valid for a minimum of 2 years.  

Other Regulations 
As a company with global operations, Seaboard is subject to complex foreign and U.S. laws and regulations, including 
food safety, labor laws, trade regulations, tariffs, import and export regulations, foreign exchange regulations and anti-
bribery and corruption laws. Seaboard has policies and procedures in place to require compliance with these laws and 
regulations. To date, Seaboard’s compliance actions and costs relating to these laws, rules and regulations have not resulted 
in a material effect on Seaboard’s financial condition or results of operations. Governmental regulations are subject to 
change,  and  accordingly,  Seaboard  is  unable  to  assess  the  possible  effect  of  compliance  with  future  requirements  or 
whether compliance with such regulations will materially impact Seaboard’s business in the future.  

Available Information 
Access to all Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings, including Seaboard’s annual reports on Form 10-K, 
quarterly reports on 10-Q, current reports on 8-K and all amendments to those reports are available, free of charge, on its 
website at www.seaboardcorp.com/investors as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed 
with,  or  furnished  to,  the  SEC.  Seaboard  does  not  intend  for  information  contained  in  its  website  to  be  part  of  this 
Form 10-K. The SEC also maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other 
information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at www.sec.gov. 

6 

 
Information About Seaboard’s Executive Officers  
The following table lists the executive officers of Seaboard. Generally, executive officers are elected at the annual meeting 
of the Board of Directors following the Annual Meeting of Stockholders and hold office until the next such annual meeting 
or until their respective successors are duly chosen and qualified. There are no arrangements or understandings pursuant 
to which any executive officer was elected.  

Name (Age) 
Robert L. Steer (63) 
David M. Becker (61) 
David H. Rankin (51) 
Michael D. Trollinger (54) 
Ty A. Tywater (53) 
Jacob A. Bresky (35) 
Benjamin R. Hodes (37) 
Adriana N. Hoskins (53) 
Elizabeth A. Loudon (58) 
James T. Hubler (44) 
Zachery J. Holden (55) 
Emma A. Beltz-Vacas (45) 
Peter B. Brown (60) 
David M. Dannov (61) 
Edward A. Gonzalez (57) 

    Positions and Offices  
  President and Chief Executive Officer 
  Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary 
  Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer 
  Senior Vice President, Corporate Controller and Chief Accounting Officer 
  Senior Vice President, Audit Services 
  Vice President, International 
  Vice President, Finance 
  Vice President and Treasurer 
  Vice President, Tax 
  Assistant Secretary 
  Assistant Secretary 
  Assistant Treasurer 
  President, Seaboard Foods LLC 
  President, Seaboard Overseas and Trading Group 
  President, Seaboard Marine Ltd. 

Mr. Steer has served as President and Chief Executive Officer since July 2020. Prior to that, he served as Executive Vice 
President, Chief Financial Officer from April 2011 to December 2020. 

Mr. Becker has served as Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since December 2020 and previously 
as Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since April 2011. 

Mr. Rankin has served as Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer since December 2020. Prior to that, he served 
as Senior Vice President, Taxation and Business Development since April 2015. 

Mr.  Trollinger  has  served  as  Senior  Vice  President,  Corporate  Controller  and  Chief  Accounting  Officer  since 
December 2020 and previously as Vice President, Corporate Controller and Chief Accounting Officer since March 2015. 

Mr. Tywater has served as Senior Vice President, Audit Services since December 2020 and previously as Vice President, 
Audit Services since November 2008.  

Mr. Bresky has served as Vice President, International since July 2020, concurrently while also serving as Vice President 
of Industrial Operations with the Seaboard Overseas and Trading Group (“SOTG”). Prior to that, he served in various roles 
with SOTG for more than seven years. On January 9, 2023, Mr. Bresky was appointed as President and Chief Executive 
Officer of SOTG. 

Mr.  Hodes  has  served  as  Vice  President,  Finance  since  December  2020  and  previously  as  Finance  Director  since 
December 2019. Prior to that, he served as Finance Manager since 2015. 

Ms. Hoskins has served as Vice President and Treasurer since December 2020 and previously as Assistant Treasurer since 
2006. 

Ms. Loudon has served as Vice President, Tax since December 2020 and previously as Tax Director since January 2017. 
Prior to that, she served as Tax Manager since 2006. 

Mr. Hubler has served as Assistant Secretary since April 2019, and also serves as Vice President and General Counsel 
with  Seaboard  Foods  LLC.  He  was  the  Associate  General  Counsel  at  Seaboard  Corporation  from  October  2018  until 
January  2022  when  he  was  named  General  Counsel  of  Seaboard  Foods  LLC.  Prior  to  joining  Seaboard  Corporation, 
Mr. Hubler was Assistant Vice President, Legal at Dairy Farmers of America, Inc. 

Mr. Holden has served as Assistant Secretary since June 2010, and also serves as Vice President and General Counsel with 
SOTG. 

Ms. Beltz-Vacas has served as Assistant Treasurer since January 2021 and previously as Treasury Director since July 2014. 

7 

 
 
 
 
Mr. Brown has served as President of Seaboard Foods LLC since January 2021. Prior to joining Seaboard Foods LLC, 
Mr. Brown was the Chief Operating Officer of Butterball, LLC for almost two years and President and Chief Operating 
Officer at High Liner Foods from 2014 to 2018. 

Mr. Dannov served as President of SOTG since August 2006. On January 9, 2023, Mr. Dannov resigned from this position, 
but will continue with SOTG and assist as needed. 

Mr. Gonzalez has served as President of Seaboard Marine Ltd. since January 2005.  

Item 1A. Risk Factors 

Business and Operational Risks 
(1)  International Operations May Present Certain Risks. Seaboard’s international activities, some of which are in 
lesser-developed countries, pose risks not faced by companies that limit themselves to U.S. markets. These risks 
include: 
 
 
 
 
 

changes in foreign currency exchange rates, currency inconvertibility and devaluation; 
foreign currency exchange or retail price controls; 
hyperinflation; 
heightened customer credit and execution risk;  
border  restrictions,  tariffs,  bilateral  trade  disputes,  quotas,  trade  barriers,  import  or  export  licensing 
requirements and other trade protection measures; 
border closings by foreign countries to the import of products or other limitations on Seaboard’s ability 
to access materials or ports, including due to animal disease or other perceived health or safety issues; 
changes  in  tax  laws,  including  rules  on  a  global  minimum  tax  from  the  Organisation  for  Economic 
Co-operation and Development (“OECD”) or country-specific laws that resemble the OECD rules;  
legal and regulatory structures and unexpected changes in legal and regulatory requirements and any 
additional compliance costs that may arise; 
negative perception within a foreign country of a U.S. company doing business in that foreign country; 
compliance with domestic and foreign laws and regulations for conducting international business such 
as Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and Office of Foreign Assets 
Control regulations and United Kingdom Bribery Act; 
government instability, expropriation, confiscation, war, civil unrest, and corruption; and 
enforcement and compliance of local laws and remedies in foreign jurisdictions, including inconsistent 
application or enforcement, including tax laws, and related uncertainties affecting legal proceedings and 
lawsuits. 

 

 

 

 
 

 
 

Accordingly,  revenues,  operating  income  and  cash  flows  from  international  operations  could  fluctuate 
significantly from year to year. In addition, border restrictions and foreign government policies and regulations 
could restrict the purchase of various commodities, reducing Seaboard’s ability to access materials or ports, or 
limiting sales prices for products sold in local markets. 

(2)  Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine Could Directly or Indirectly Affect the Business. In February 2022, the Russian 
government commenced a war against Ukraine, resulting in significant disruption to financial and commodity 
markets. The Black Sea region is a major exporter of wheat, corn and other commodity products to the world, 
and the disruption of supply has caused volatility in prices and margins of these commodities and related products. 
Although Seaboard has no operational  footprint  in  either country,  the  conflict  may  continue  to  impact  global 
commodity, energy and input costs. Additionally, in response to the war, the U.S., other North Atlantic Treaty 
Organization (“NATO”) member states, as well as non-member states, have announced enhanced export controls 
and targeted economic sanctions on Russia, certain Russian citizens, and Russian enterprises. Any continuation 
or  escalation  of  the  war  may  trigger a  series  of  additional  export  controls  and  economic  and other  sanctions. 
Seaboard or its affiliates may trade in commodities originating from Russia and/or Ukraine as allowable by law. 
However, any future commodity trades involving Russian originated commodities could be directly or indirectly 
impacted by export controls, economic sanctions and the ability to collect on contracts, any of which, along with 
the volatility in commodities prices and margins could negatively impact Seaboard’s financial condition, results 
of  operations  and  the  market  price  of  its  common  stock.  Seaboard  complies  with  all  sanctions,  domestic  and 
foreign laws and regulations applicable to its business activities. 

(3)  Deterioration  of  Economic  Conditions  Could  Adversely  Affect  the  Business.  Seaboard’s  business  may  be 
adversely affected by changes in national or global economic conditions, including recessions, inflation, interest 

8 

 
 
rates (including the LIBOR phase-out in June 2023), availability of capital markets, consumer spending rates, 
energy availability and costs, supply chain and labor market disruptions, impacts caused by highly pathogenic 
disease  outbreaks  and  other  public  health  emergencies,  and  the  effects  of  governmental  initiatives  to  manage 
economic  conditions. Any  such  changes  could  adversely  affect  the  demand for  and production of Seaboard’s 
meat products, grains, shipping services and other products, or the cost and availability of needed raw materials 
and packaging materials, or workforce availability, thereby negatively affecting Seaboard’s business, financial 
condition and results of operations. The national and global economic conditions, could, among other things:  

 

 

 

 

impair  the  financial  condition  of  some  of  Seaboard’s  customers  and  suppliers,  thereby  increasing 
customer bad debts or non-performance by customers and suppliers; 
negatively impact global demand for protein and grain-based products, which could result in a reduction 
of revenues, operating income and cash flows; 
decrease  the  value  of  Seaboard’s  investments  in  equity  and  debt  securities,  including  short-term 
investments  used  for  liquidity  and  pension  plan  assets,  causing  losses  that  would  adversely  impact 
Seaboard’s net earnings; and 
impair the financial viability of Seaboard’s insurers. 

(4)  Seaboard’s  Common  Stock  Is  Thinly  Traded  and  Subject  to  Daily  Price  Fluctuations.  The  common  stock  of 
Seaboard is closely held and thinly traded on a daily basis on the NYSE American. Seaboard Flour LLC and SFC 
Preferred,  LLC,  which  are  beneficially  owned  by  the  Bresky  family,  hold  approximately  77%  of  Seaboard’s 
outstanding common stock. Accordingly, the price of a share of Seaboard common stock could fluctuate more 
significantly from day-to-day than that of a share of more widely held stock that is actively traded on a daily 
basis. 

(5)  Decentralization May Present Certain Risks. Seaboard’s operations are relatively decentralized in comparison 
with its peers. While Seaboard’s executive management believes this practice enables it to remain responsive to 
risks, opportunities and to customers’ needs, it necessarily places significant control and decision-making powers 
in the hands of local management. This presents various risks, including the risk that executive management may 
be  slower  or  less  able  to  identify  or  react  to  problems  affecting  a  key  business  than  in  a  more  centralized 
environment. In addition, it means that Seaboard may be slower to detect compliance-related problems (e.g., a 
rogue employee undertaking activities that are prohibited by applicable law or Seaboard’s internal policies) and 
that “company-wide” business initiatives, such as the integration of disparate information technology systems, 
are often more challenging and costly to implement, and their risk of failure higher, than they would be in a more 
centralized  environment.  Depending on  the  nature of  the  problem or  initiative  in  question, such failure  could 
materially adversely affect Seaboard’s business, financial condition or results of operations. 

(6)  Investments  in  Non-Consolidated  Affiliates  May  Present  Certain  Risks.  Seaboard  has  several  equity  method 
investments  in  which  it  generally  owns  50%  or  less,  with  various  third-party  business  partners  owning  the 
remaining equity. Due to the ownership structure of these affiliates, Seaboard participates in board of director’s 
or comparable governing body’s decisions but does not control the decision-making processes. Seaboard could 
be exposed to various business risks if the business partners’ business decisions do not align with Seaboard’s best 
interests, which could adversely impact the results for Seaboard’s income (loss) from affiliates. 

(7)  Cyber-Attacks  or  Cybersecurity  Breaches  Could  Adversely  Affect  the  Business.  Seaboard  may  be  adversely 
impacted  if  it  is  unable  to  protect  its  information  technology  systems  against,  or  effectively  respond  to, 
cyber-attacks  or  cybersecurity  breaches.  Seaboard  may  also  be  adversely  impacted  if  third  parties  on  whom 
Seaboard relies are unable to similarly protect their information technology systems. Attempted cyber-attacks 
and other cyber incidents are occurring more frequently and are being made by groups and individuals with a 
wide range of motives and expertise. Any significant penetration, invasion, destruction, or interruption of these 
systems could negatively impact operations. Additionally, there is a risk of business interruption and reputational 
damage from the unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and a risk of loss to financial assets related 
to manipulated electronic communications, including additional costs for increased security, system remediation 
and  breach  detection.  If  Seaboard  is  unable  to  prevent  such  breaches  or  failures  or  if  a  third  party  on  whom 
Seaboard relies is unable to prevent such breaches or failures, Seaboard’s operations could be disrupted or it could 
negatively impact Seaboard’s financial condition, results of operations and the market price of its common stock.  

Industry Risks 
(1)  The Food Industry May Present Certain Risks. The food products manufacturing industry is subject to the risks 

posed by: 
 

food spoilage;  

9 

 
 

 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 

food contamination, including contamination caused by disease-producing organisms or pathogens, such 
as Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, E coli and aflatoxin; 
food allergens; 
adverse weather and climate change risks; 
evolving  consumer  preferences  and  nutritional  and  health-related  concerns,  including  plant-based 
proteins; 
international, federal, state and local food processing regulations; 
the possible unavailability and/or expense of liability insurance;  
consumer product liability claims; 
product recall; 
product tampering; and 
public perception of food production practices, including handling of production and live animals. 

Pathogens  that  may  cause  food  contamination  are  found  generally  in  livestock  and  in  the  environment  and 
therefore may be present in Seaboard’s products. These pathogens also can be introduced to Seaboard’s products 
as  a  result  of  improper  handling  by  customers  or  consumers.  Seaboard  does  not  have  control  over  handling 
procedures once products have been shipped for distribution. If one or more of these risks were to materialize, 
Seaboard’s brand reputation could be harmed, revenues could decrease, costs of doing business could increase, 
and Seaboard’s operating results could be adversely affected. 

(2)  Health  Risks  to  Animals  Could  Adversely  Affect  Production  and  the  Supply  of  Raw  Materials.  Seaboard  is 
subject to risks relating to its ability to maintain animal health and control diseases. If the Pork segment’s hogs 
or if Butterball’s turkeys are affected by disease, Seaboard could be required to destroy infected animals, which 
could adversely affect this segment’s production or ability to sell or export its products. The general health of the 
hogs and turkeys and their respective reproductive performance could have an adverse impact on production and 
production costs, the supply of raw material to their processing operations and consumer confidence. Moreover, 
the herd or flock health of third-party suppliers could adversely affect the supply and cost of hogs or turkeys 
available for purchase. Adverse publicity concerning any disease or health concern could also cause customers 
to lose confidence in the safety and quality of these segments’ food products. 

(3)  Fluctuations in Commodity Prices May Present Certain Risks. Sales prices for many of Seaboard’s products are 
directly affected by both domestic and worldwide supply and demand for commodities for products which it sells 
and  competing  products,  all  of  which  are  determined  by  constantly  changing  market  forces,  as  well  as  other 
factors, over which Seaboard has little to no control, including inflationary risks.  

 

 

In the Pork and Turkey segments, commodity pork and turkey prices demonstrate a cyclical nature over 
periods of years, reflecting changes in the supply of fresh meat and competing proteins on the market.  
In the CT&M segment, fluctuating worldwide prices for wheat, corn, soybeans, soybean meal and, to a 
lesser degree, various other agricultural commodity products could also be caused by European flour 
exports, donated food aid, flour dumping practices and worldwide and local crop production. 
These fluctuating market conditions could have a significant impact on Seaboard’s sales, value of commodities 
held in inventory and operating income. 

(4)  Increases in Costs of Feed Components and Third-Party Purchases Could Adversely Affect Costs and Operating 
Margins. Feed costs are the most significant single component of the cost of raising hogs and turkeys and could 
be  materially  affected  by  commodity  price  fluctuations  for  corn  and  soybean  meal.  The  costs  may  also  be 
impacted by inflation. The results of the Pork and Turkey segments could be negatively affected by increased 
costs  of  its  feed  components.  The  cost  and  supply  of  feed  components  and  the  third-party  purchases  are 
determined by constantly changing market forces of supply and demand, which are driven by matters over which 
these segments have no control, including inflation, weather, current and projected worldwide grain stocks and 
prices, grain export prices, subsidies and tariffs, and governmental agricultural policies. These segments attempt 
to manage certain of these risks through the use of commodity derivatives; however, this may also limit the ability 
to  participate  in  gains  from  favorable  commodity  fluctuations.  Unless  wholesale  pork  and  turkey  prices 
correspondingly increase, increases in the prices of feed components and costs of third-party purchases would 
adversely affect the segments’ operating margins and the value of Seaboard’s investment in Butterball. In the 
Pork segment, approximately 10% of this segment’s slaughtered hogs were purchased from third parties in 2022.  

10 

 
(5)  Difficulties Obtaining and Retaining Appropriate Personnel. Seaboard is dependent on having a sufficient number 

of properly trained operations personnel.  

 

 

In the Pork and Turkey segments, the nature of the work and rural locations at some processing plants 
and production operations, along with restrictive national policy on immigration, have affected and could 
continue to negatively affect the availability and cost of labor. 
In the CT&M segment, the loss of a key employee such as a commodity trader could have a negative 
impact resulting from the loss of revenues as personal customer relationships can be vital to obtaining 
and  retaining  business  with  various  foreign  customers.  Also,  employing  and  retaining  qualified 
expatriate  personnel  at  the  mills  and  other  operating  facilities  are  key  elements  to  success  given  the 
difficult  living  conditions,  the  unique  operating  environments  and  the  reliance  on  a  relatively  small 
number of executives to manage individual locations. 

The geographic areas in which Seaboard operates have also experienced labor shortages resulting in higher labor 
costs. The inability to acquire and retain the services of such personnel, or increased costs associated with the 
acquisition and retention of such personnel, could have a material adverse effect on Seaboard’s operations. 
(6)  The Loss or Closure of the Segments’ Principal Properties Could Adversely Affect the Business. The closure, 
even temporarily, loss of or damage to any of the segments’ plants for any reason, including highly pathogenic 
disease  outbreaks,  fire,  weather,  such  as  tornado,  hurricane  or  earthquake,  or  the  occurrence  of  adverse 
governmental action or labor unrest resulting in labor strikes could adversely affect the business of the affected 
segment and have a material adverse effect on Seaboard’s business, financial condition and results of operations.  
  The Pork segment is largely dependent on the continued operation at full capacity of its Oklahoma pork 
processing plant and the STF plant. This segment provided approximately one-third of STF’s hogs for 
processing during 2022 and also markets substantially all pork products produced.  
In the Marine segment, port operations can be subject to disruption due to hurricanes or other adverse 
weather conditions, and any associated damage could take significant time to repair while cargos would 
move to other ports of entry. Recovering those volumes could prove difficult. 

 

  The Sugar and Alcohol segment is largely dependent on the continued operation of a single sugar mill.  
  Although  Butterball  has  three  processing  plants  and  three  further  processing  plants,  Butterball  is 
disproportionately dependent on the continued operation of the processing plant in North Carolina, that 
handles a significant volume of the production of further processed turkey products.  

(7)  Disruption of Operations at Co-packers or Other Suppliers Could Adversely Affect the Business. Disruption of 
operations at co‑packers or other suppliers may impact Seaboard’s product or raw material supply. Additionally, 
actions taken to mitigate the impact of any potential disruption, including increasing inventory in anticipation of 
a potential production or supply interruption, may also adversely affect Seaboard’s financial results.  

(8)  Ocean Transportation May Present Certain Risks. Seaboard’s owned and chartered vessels along with related 

cargoes are at risk of being damaged, lost or incurring excess cost because of events such as: 

 
inclement weather; 
  mechanical failures; 
 
 
  war, piracy and terrorism; and 
 
port access and congestion. 

grounding, fire, explosions and collisions; 
human error; 

Any of these hazards could result in death or injury to persons, loss of property, environmental damages, delays 
or rerouting. If one of Seaboard’s vessels were involved in an incident, the resulting negative public perception 
could have a material adverse effect on Seaboard’s business, financial condition and results of operations.  
(9)  Fluctuations in Fuel Costs Could Adversely Affect the Business. Fuel is a large expense for the Marine and Power 
segments and also impacts the CT&M segment’s results. Fuel prices can vary greatly from year to year. While 
such fluctuations may be offset through fuel surcharges or other mechanisms, such mechanisms do not act with 
precision in terms of timing and amount and may not adjust revenues enough to offset the increase in costs.  

Legal and Regulatory Risks 
(1)  Operations Are Subject to General Risks of Litigation. Seaboard is involved on an ongoing basis in litigation 
arising in the ordinary course of business. Trends in litigation may include class actions involving employees, 
consumers,  competitors,  suppliers,  shareholders,  or  injured  persons,  and  claims  relating  to  product  liability, 
contract  disputes,  antitrust  regulations,  intellectual  property,  advertising,  labeling,  wage  and  hour  laws, 
employment practices or environmental matters. Litigation in certain countries carries additional risk due to lack 

11 

 
of  transparency  in  judiciaries.  Neither  litigation  trends  nor  the  outcomes  of  litigation  can  be  predicted  with 
certainty and adverse litigation trends and outcomes could negatively affect Seaboard’s financial results.  

(2)  Operations  Are  Subject  to  Complex  Laws  and  Regulations.  Federal,  state  and  local  laws,  and  domestic  and 
international regulations governing worker health and safety, food safety and animal health and welfare, port and 
terminal security and the operation of vessels, including fuel regulations, significantly affect revenues, costs and 
the manner or feasibility of doing business. Some requirements applicable to Seaboard may also be enforced by 
citizen groups. 

 

 

 

In  the  Pork  segment,  select  states  have  implemented  varying  standards  related  to  the  required  living 
conditions for breeding sows. Some laws apply to animals grown in the state of enactment while, more 
recently,  several  states  have enacted  laws  that  prohibit  the  sale  of  meat  from  non-compliant  animals 
grown in any of the fifty states or foreign countries. Diversity of standards for housing sows requires 
each producer to implement separate record-keeping to track compliant animals through the growing 
process to the processing plant, and finished products from the processing plant to third-party purchasers. 
Such laws can also impose civil and criminal penalties for failing to comply. Animal production assets 
have  long  expected  useful  lives.  The  enactment  of  more  stringent  standards  can  impair  the  value  of 
existing  assets,  increase  the  cost  of  production  and  distribution,  lower  the  value  of  non-compliant 
products and/or disrupt the market for pork which could result in a reduction in the sales prices of pork 
products.  Incrementally,  strict  growing  standards  could  cause  the  creation  of  regional  markets  of 
compliant products or require the industry to build compliant assets for each market. For example, the 
state of California enacted the Farm Animal Confinement Initiative (“Proposition 12”) which became 
fully effective January 1, 2022. Proposition 12 prohibits the sale within the state of certain uncooked 
pork produced from breeding sows or their offspring unless certain conditions are met. However, the 
ultimate  impact  of  Proposition  12  is  currently  pending  before  the  U.S.  Supreme  Court.  A  California 
Superior  Court  has  also  issued  a  judgment  declaring  that  Proposition  12  is  not  enforceable  until 
July 1, 2023. Similarly, Massachusetts Question 3 would prohibit the sale of certain pork products within 
the  state  of  Massachusetts,  as  well  as  the  shipment  of  certain  pork  products  through  the  state.  This 
initiative has also been challenged in court and enforcement of Massachusetts Question 3 is currently 
stayed  until  30  days  after  a  decision  is  reached  by  the  Supreme  Court  case  challenging  the 
constitutionality of Proposition  12. The  volume of  such pork  sold  into California  and  Massachusetts 
accounted for approximately 5% of Seaboard’s direct sales for the year ended December 31, 2022, in 
addition to indirect sales through further processor customers.  
In the Marine segment, many aspects of the shipping industry, including rate agreements and vessel cost 
sharing  agreements,  are  subject  to  extensive  governmental  regulation  by  the  Federal  Maritime 
Commission, the U.S. Coast Guard, and U.S. Customs and Border Protection, as well as regulation by 
private industry organizations. Compliance with applicable laws, regulations and standards may require 
capital investments or operational changes. As an example, this segment may be adversely impacted by 
changes in vessel fuel consumption efficiency requirements. Certain ships, based on their capacity and 
other factors, may have to meet certain energy usage standards while sailing. The net effect could be 
that ships, particularly small ones which are less efficient on a twenty-foot equivalent unit basis, might 
need  to  reduce  speed  to  consume  less  fuel.  Failure  to  comply  may  result  in  administrative  and  civil 
penalties, criminal sanctions, the suspension or termination of Seaboard’s operations or detention of its 
vessels. 
In  the  Sugar  and  Alcohol  segment,  Seaboard’s  alcohol  production  facility  is  affected  by  Argentine 
government  regulations  regarding  production  quotas,  fuel  blends  and  sales  prices  in  the  bioethanol 
market.  

Failure  to  comply  with  these  laws  and  regulations  and  any  future  changes  to  them  could  result  in  significant 
consequences to Seaboard, including civil and criminal penalties, liability for damages, negative publicity and 
the inability to do business in certain locales. In addition, future changes in laws, regulations and standards may 
result in additional costs or a reduction in revenues. 

(3)  Operations  Are  Subject  to  Stringent  Environmental  Regulation  and  Potentially  Subject  to  Environmental 
Litigation,  Proceedings,  and  Investigations.  Seaboard  operations  and  properties  are  subject  to  extensive  and 
increasingly stringent laws and regulations pertaining to, among other things, odors, the discharge of materials 
into  the  environment  and  the  handling  and  disposition  of  wastes  (including  solid  and  hazardous  wastes)  or 

12 

 
otherwise relating to the protection of the environment. Compliance with these laws and regulations, as well as 
any modifications, may be material to Seaboard’s business.  

Specific Pork Segment Risks 
(1)  The Operating Profit of the Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel Production Facilities Could Be Adversely Impacted 
by Various Factors. The profitability of this segment’s biodiesel and renewable diesel plants could be adversely 
affected by various factors, including the market price of pork fat, other animal fats and vegetable oils, all of 
which are utilized to produce biodiesel and renewable diesel, and the market price for biodiesel and renewable 
diesel, which is influenced by inflation, world oil prices and government mandates and incentives to use biofuels. 
Unfavorable changes in these prices over extended periods of time or adverse changes in government mandates 
and incentives to use biofuels could adversely affect this segment’s results of operations and could result in the 
potential  impairment  of  the  recorded  value of  the  property, plant  and  equipment  related  to  these  facilities.  In 
August 2022, the President of the U.S. signed the Inflation Reduction Act into law which extended the federal 
blender’s credits through 2024 and created a new clean fuel production credit. This new credit is based on the 
greenhouse gas emissions factor of fuel produced and sold during 2025 through 2027. This credit may not be 
renewed and could be less than the federal blender’s credit. 

(2)  Further  Difficulties  Could  Be  Experienced  in  the  Start-up  of  the  New  Renewable  Diesel  Production  Facility. 
Commercial operations at this segment’s new renewable diesel production facility commenced in the third quarter 
of  2022,  but  it  is  taking  longer  than  planned  to  reach  consistent  operations  at  full  capacity.  Difficulties 
encountered in the start-up of operations could have adverse effects on results of operations.  

Specific Commodity Trading and Milling Segment Risks 
(1)  This  Segment  Uses  Derivative  Products  to  Manage  Certain  Market  Risks.  This  segment  enters  into  various 
commodity  derivative  and  foreign  exchange  derivative  transactions  to  create  what  management  believes  are 
economic hedges for commodity trades it executes or intends to execute with its customers. Failure to execute or 
improper execution of a derivative position, or a firmly committed sale or purchase contract, or a speculative 
transaction that closes without the desired result or exposure to counter party risk could have an adverse impact 
on the results of operations and liquidity. 

(2)  This  Segment  Faces  Increasing  Competition  from  Several  Sources.  This  segment  is  experiencing  increasing 
competition  in  certain  foreign  markets  by  well-capitalized  originators,  traders  of  commodities  making  sales 
directly to end-use customers, and industrial-asset owners that compete in the same markets as this segment. If 
various  competing  raw  material  originators  refuse  to  sell  commodities  to  Seaboard  for  sale  in  these  foreign 
markets,  it  could  be  more  challenging  for  this  segment  to  purchase  commodities  for  sale  to  its  customers  at 
competitive  prices.  Also,  competition  with  imported  products  or  other  local  producers  impact  this  segment’s 
industrial operations. This segment’s sales volume and sale prices for commodities to customers, as well as results 
of operations, could be adversely impacted by such increased competition.  

Specific Marine Segment Risks 
(1)  This  Segment’s  Services  Are  Affected  by  International  Trade  and  Fluctuating  Freight  Rates.  This  segment 
provides cargo shipping services in the U.S. and in many different countries in the Caribbean and Central and 
South America. In addition to the risks of overseas operations, fluctuations in economic conditions, inflation and 
unstable or hostile local political situations in the countries in which this segment operates could affect trade 
volumes and cargo freight rates, as well as adversely affect this segment’s results of operations. 

(2)  Chartered  Ships  Are  Subject  to  Fluctuating  Rates  and  Availability.  Time-charter  expenses  are  one  of  this 
segment’s largest expenses. These costs, and availability of ships, can vary greatly due to a number of factors 
including the worldwide supply and demand for shipping. It is not possible to determine in advance whether a 
long-term  charter  contract  will  be  favorable  to  this  segment’s  business.  Accordingly,  entering  into  either 
long-term charter hire contracts during periods of decreasing charter hire costs or short-term charter hire contracts 
during periods of increasing charter hire costs could have an adverse effect on this segment’s results of operations. 
This  segment  purchases  space,  also  known  as  slots,  on  certain  third-party  operated  vessels,  and  these  ship 
providers may not be reliable and cause shipment delays or other challenges.  

Specific Sugar and Alcohol Segment Risks 
(1)  This  Segment  Depends  on  the  Condition  of  the  Argentine  Economy,  Currency  and  Political  Climate.  This 
segment operates a sugar mill, alcohol production and power generation facility in Argentina. Fluctuations in 
economic conditions or changes in the Argentine political climate could have an impact on the costs of operations, 
the sales prices of products, export opportunities and the exchange rate of the Argentine peso to the U.S. dollar. 

13 

 
Local sales prices for retail sugar and bioethanol are affected by government price controls, and domestic sugar 
prices are affected by import duties imposed by the Argentine government, impacting local volume sold, as well 
as imported and exported volumes to and from international markets. If import duties are changed, this could 
have a negative impact on the sales prices of this segment’s products. In addition, the majority of this segment’s 
sales are within Argentina, and any Argentine government attempts to control inflation through price controls on 
products, including sugar and alcohol, could adversely impact the local sales prices of this segment’s products 
and the results of operations for this segment.  

(2)  This  Segment  Is  Subject  to  Weather,  Climate  Change,  Crop  Disease  and  Pest  Risks.  This  segment  may  be 
adversely  affected  by  numerous  factors  over  which  it  has  little  or  no  control,  including  adverse  weather  and 
growing conditions, climate change risks, pest and disease problems. Of these risks, weather and adverse climate 
change particularly could adversely affect the amount and quality of the sugarcane produced by this segment 
and/or its competitors located in other regions of Argentina. 

(3)  Labor Relations Challenges Could Adversely Affect Operations. This segment is dependent on unionized labor 
at its sugar mill in Argentina. The political and economic environment in Argentina can make labor relations very 
challenging. Contributing to the situation are the historical policies of Argentina’s government and the failure of 
the Argentine courts to enforce contractual obligations with unions and basic property rights. Interruptions in 
production  as  a  result  of  labor  unrest  could  adversely  affect  operations,  including  the  quantity  of  sugarcane 
harvested, the amount of sugar, alcohol and power produced and could interfere with the distribution of products 
stored at the facility. 

Specific Power Segment Risks 
(1)  This Segment’s Services Are Affected by Competition from More Efficient Energy Producers. This segment sells 
the power it generates primarily to government-owned distribution companies, and the government can decide 
which power units will be able to operate. Typically, dispatch is done based on a merit list with lower-cost power 
plants  dispatched  before  those  with  higher  costs.  More  efficient  power  producer  competitors,  such  as  from 
renewable  energy,  including hydro,  solar,  and wind,  or other nonrenewable  energy  sources  like  coal, are  less 
costly to operate and could cause the demand for this segment’s energy to decline and the spot market rates to 
decline as well, which will adversely affect this segment’s results of operations. 

(2)  Supply of Natural Gas Is Limited in the Dominican Republic. Supply of natural gas in the Dominican Republic 
is limited to one primary supplier. EDM III only operates on natural gas, but EDM II can run on other types of 
fuel. Supply disruptions of natural gas could have an adverse impact on this segment’s operating income. 

(3)  This Segment Depends on the Condition of the Dominican Republic Economy, Currency and Political Climate. 
Fluctuations in economic conditions or changes in the Dominican Republic political climate could have an impact 
on  the  costs  of  operations,  the  sales  prices  of  products  and  the  exchange  rate  of  the  Dominican  peso  to  the 
U.S. dollar. In addition to significant currency fluctuations and the other risks of overseas operations, this segment 
could  experience  difficulty  in  obtaining  timely  collections  of  trade  receivables  from  the  government-owned 
distribution companies or other companies that must also collect from the government in order to make payments 
on their accounts. Currently, the Dominican Republic does not allow a free market to enable prices to rise with 
demand as the supply is restricted due to insufficient cash flow from electric distributors and the subsidy the 
government provides, which could limit this segment’s profitability.  

(4)  This Segment May Be Unable to Renew Certain Permits. This segment’s barges are subject to various permitting 
requirements imposed by the Dominican government. A major risk inherent in this segment’s operations is the 
need to renew permits, and any delay or failure to obtain a renewal permit could have a significant impact on this 
segment’s operations. 

Specific Turkey Segment Risks 
(1)  Adverse Operating Results or Inability to Renew Financing Could Result in Need for Raising Additional Capital. 
Butterball  has  third-party  bank  loan  facilities  that  are  secured  by  substantially  all  of  the  assets  of  Butterball. 
Adverse operating results or economic conditions could cause Butterball to default on such loan facilities or cause 
lenders  to  not  renew  or  extend  existing  financing,  which  could  result  in  a  significant  adverse  impact  on 
Butterball’s  financial  position.  As  a  result,  Seaboard  or  other  investors  may  need  to  make  additional  capital 
investment or provide financing to Butterball, which could adversely impact Butterball’s results of operations, 
liquidity position or negatively impact the value, or cause dilution, of Seaboard’s investment in Butterball.  
(2)  Decreased Perception of Value in the Butterball Brand and Changes in Consumer Preferences Could Adversely 
Affect  Sales  Quantity  and  Price  of  Butterball  Products.  Butterball  is  a  premium  brand  name,  built  on  a  long 
history of offering quality products that has been differentiated in the market. The value of the Butterball brand 

14 

 
allows for sales of a higher unit price for certain products compared to other turkey providers. In order to maintain 
this advantage, Butterball must continue to support the brand with successful marketing efforts and develop new 
products. Consumer product preferences continue to evolve as a result of, among other things, shifting consumer 
demographics; inflationary and recessionary risks; changes in consumer lifestyles; digital shopping patterns; and 
competitive  product  and  pricing  pressures.  If  Butterball’s  products  fail  to  meet  consumer  preferences,  or 
Butterball fails to introduce new products or product extensions on a timely basis, the brand value could diminish 
significantly.  In  addition,  negative  news  reports  for  any  reason  related  to  Butterball  specifically  or  the 
turkey/poultry industry generally could negatively impact this brand perception, Butterball’s results of operations 
and the value of Seaboard’s investment in Butterball. 

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments 
None. 

Item 2. Properties 
Management  believes  that  Seaboard’s  present  facilities  are  adequate  and  suitable  for  its  current  purposes.  Seaboard’s 
principal properties by segment are described below: 

(1)   Pork - Seaboard’s Pork segment owns a pork processing plant in Oklahoma. It has a double-shift capacity to process 
approximately six million hogs annually and generally operates at capacity with additional weekend shifts depending on 
market conditions. Seaboard’s hog production operations can breed and raise approximately eight million hogs annually 
at facilities it primarily owns or at facilities owned and operated by third parties with whom it has grower contracts. This 
segment owns and operates eight centrally located feed mills, which have a combined capacity to produce approximately 
three million tons of formulated feed annually. These feed mills are used primarily to support existing hog production and 
have the capability of supporting additional hog production in the future. These facilities are located in Iowa, Oklahoma, 
Texas, Kansas and Colorado. The Pork segment owns biodiesel plants in Oklahoma and Missouri, with the capacity to 
produce 46 million gallons and 30 million gallons, respectively, of biodiesel annually, and a renewable diesel plant in 
Kansas  with  capacity  to  produce  85  million  gallons  of  renewable  diesel  annually.  The  renewable  diesel  plant  began 
operations in the third quarter of 2022 and it is expected operations will reach capacity later in 2023. The Pork segment 
uses a terminal facility in California with a maximum throughput capacity to store and distribute approximately 300 million 
gallons of fuel per year. 

(2)   Commodity Trading and Milling - Seaboard’s CT&M segment operates milling facilities at 13 locations in 9 countries 
and has 11 trading offices in 10 countries. The milling facilities located in Ecuador, Ghana, Guyana, Mozambique, Peru, 
Republic of Congo, and Zambia own the land and plants. There are additional milling facilities located in Ivory Coast, 
Republic of Congo, Senegal and Zambia where the land is leased under long-term agreements. These facilities produce 
approximately two million metric tons of wheat flour, maize meal, manufactured feed and oilseed crush commodities per 
year  in  addition  to other related grain-based products.  Certain foreign milling operations  may  operate  at  less  than full 
capacity due to low demand, poor consumer purchasing power, excess milling capacity in their competitive environment 
or imported flour. Seaboard’s CT&M segment owns three 18,900 metric ton deadweight dry bulk vessels and charters 
between 26 to 55 bulk vessels with deadweights of up to 176,000 metric tons under short-term agreements.  

(3)   Marine  -  Seaboard’s  Marine  segment  leases  approximately  297,000  square  feet  of  off-port  warehouse  space  and 
87 acres  of  port  terminal  land  and  facilities  in  Miami,  Florida,  which  are  used  in  its  containerized  cargo  operations. 
Seaboard’s Marine segment also leases an approximate 77-acre cargo handling and marine terminal facility in Houston, 
Texas,  which  includes  several  warehouses  totaling  approximately  648,000  square  feet  for  cargo  storage.  The  Marine 
segment owns six ocean cargo vessels with deadweights of up to approximately 34,000 metric tons. Seaboard’s Marine 
segment has six new vessels under construction, with three vessels expected to be completed in 2024 and the other three 
vessels in 2025. Also, this segment charters 17 vessels under contracts with a remaining average term of 15 months with 
deadweights of up to approximately 34,700 metric tons. Seaboard’s Marine segment owns or leases dry, refrigerated and 
specialized containers and other related equipment. 

(4)   Sugar and Alcohol - Seaboard’s Sugar and Alcohol segment owns nearly 70,000 acres of cultivated land to grow 
sugarcane and a sugar mill with an annual capacity to crush approximately three million metric tons of sugar cane. The 
facility, including an alcohol distillery, has an annual production capacity of approximately 250,000 metric tons of sugar 
if  maximizing  sugar  production,  and  approximately  33 million  gallons  of  alcohol  if  maximizing  alcohol  production. 
Depending on the market conditions, this segment can produce more sugar and less alcohol, or vice versa. This capacity 
is  sufficient  to  process  all  of  the  cane  harvested  by  this  segment  and  additional  quantities  purchased  from  third-party 

15 

 
 
 
farmers  in  the  region.  The  sugarcane  fields,  processing  mill,  distillery  and  51-megawatt  cogeneration  power  plant  are 
located in northern Argentina in the Salta Province. This area experiences seasonal rainfalls that may limit the harvest 
season, which then affects the duration of mill operations and quantities of sugar, alcohol and power produced. 

(5)   Power  -  Seaboard’s  Power  segment  owns  two  power-generating  barges  that  are  secured  on  the  Ozama  River  in 
Santo Domingo,  Dominican  Republic.  EDM  II  and  EDM  III  can  generate  approximately  108 megawatts  and 
148 megawatts, respectively, of electricity. 

(6)   Turkey  -  Seaboard’s  Turkey  segment  has  a  total  of  three  processing  plants,  three  further  processing  plants  and 
numerous  company  and  third-party  live  production  facilities  and  feed  milling  operations,  located  in  North  Carolina, 
Arkansas, Missouri and Kansas. These facilities produce approximately one billion pounds of turkey each year. Although 
capacity  to  meet  core  further  processing  demand  is  sufficient,  Butterball  uses  third-party  copacker  arrangements  to 
supplement portions of its portfolio where it either does not maintain competencies, or to meet demand beyond its internal 
production capacity. 

Item 3. Legal Proceedings 
The information required by this item is included in Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements. 

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 
Not applicable. 

16 

 
 
 
 
PART II 

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities 
Seaboard’s common stock is traded on the NYSE American under the symbol SEB. Seaboard had 3,347 stockholders of 
record of its common stock as of January 31, 2023. 

Stock Performance Graph 
The SEC requires a five-year comparison of Seaboard’s stock performance with that of an appropriate broad equity market 
index and similar industry index. Since there is no single industry index to compare stock performance, the companies 
comprising the Dow Jones U.S. Food Products and Dow Jones U.S. Marine Transportation Industry indices (the “Peer 
Group”) were chosen as the second comparison.  

The following line graph shows a five-year comparison of cumulative total return for Seaboard Corporation, the NYSE 
American Index and the companies comprising the Peer Group, weighted by market capitalization for the five fiscal years 
commencing December 31, 2017 and ending December 31, 2022.  

The comparison of cumulative total returns presented in the above graph was plotted using the following index values 
and common stock price values: 

Seaboard Corporation 
NYSE American 
Peer Group 

     12/31/17     12/31/18     12/31/19      12/31/20      12/31/21      12/31/22  

  $ 100.00   $  80.35   $  96.75   $   69.19   $  90.04   $  86.59  
  $ 100.00   $  82.80   $  91.24   $   86.80   $ 111.40   $ 107.09  
  $ 100.00   $  82.87   $ 104.56   $  108.18   $ 124.97   $ 138.78  

In each of the four quarters of 2022, 2021 and 2020, Seaboard declared and paid quarterly dividends of $2.25 per share of 
common  stock.  Seaboard’s  Board  of  Directors  intends  that  Seaboard  will  continue  to  pay  quarterly  dividends  for  the 
reasonably  foreseeable  future,  with  such  future  dividends  and  the  amount  of  any  such  dividends  being  subject  to  the 
determination, declaration and discretion of Seaboard’s Board of Directors and dependent upon factors such as Seaboard’s 
financial  condition,  results  of  operations,  and  current  and  anticipated  cash  needs,  including  capital  requirements.  As 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
discussed in Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements, Seaboard’s ability to declare and pay dividends is subject to 
limitations imposed by debt agreements.  

Seaboard  has  not  established  any  equity  compensation  plans  or  individual  agreements  for  its  employees  under  which 
Seaboard common stock or options, rights or warrants with respect to Seaboard common stock, may be granted.  

Item 6. Reserved 

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 
This  Management  Discussion  and  Analysis  is  provided  as  a  supplement  to,  and  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with, 
Seaboard’s  consolidated  financial  statements  and  the  accompanying  notes  in  Item  8.  Certain  statements  in  this  report 
contain  forward-looking  statements.  See  the  introduction  in  Item  1  for  more  information  on  these  forward-looking 
statements, including a discussion of the most significant factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from 
those in the forward-looking statements. 

OVERVIEW 
Sales and costs of Seaboard’s segments are significantly influenced by worldwide fluctuations in commodity prices and 
changes in foreign political and economic conditions. Accordingly, sales, operating income and cash flows can fluctuate 
significantly  from  year  to  year.  As  each  segment  operates  in  a  distinct  industry  and  a  different  geographic  location, 
management  evaluates  their  operations  separately.  Seaboard’s  reporting  segments  are  based  on  information  used  by 
Seaboard’s CEO to determine allocation of resources and assess performance, in his capacity as chief operating decision 
maker. 

Pork Segment 
The Pork segment primarily produces hogs to process and sells pork products throughout the U.S. and to foreign markets. 
Sales prices are directly affected by both domestic and worldwide supply and demand for pork products and other proteins. 
Feed accounts for the largest input cost in raising hogs and is materially affected by price changes for corn and soybean 
meal. Market prices for hogs purchased from third parties for processing at the plant also represent a major cost factor. 
This segment’s profitability is susceptible to commodity price fluctuations and its operating income and cash flows can 
materially fluctuate from year to year, significantly affecting Seaboard’s consolidated operating income and cash flows. 
This segment is Seaboard’s most capital-intensive segment, representing approximately 61% of Seaboard’s total fixed 
assets  and  approximately  50%  of  total  inventories  as  of  December  31,  2022.  With  the  plant  generally  operating  near 
capacity, Seaboard is continually looking for ways to enhance the plant’s operational efficiency, while also looking to 
increase  margins  by  introducing  new,  higher  margin  value-added  products.  This  segment  also  produces  biodiesel  and 
renewable diesel and related credits for sale to third parties. Sales prices are affected by the supply and demand of diesel 
and environmental credit initiatives.  

CT&M Segment 
The CT&M segment provides integrated agricultural commodity trading, processing and logistics services. The majority 
of its sales are derived from sourcing agricultural commodities from multiple origins which are delivered to third-party 
and affiliate customers in various international locations. This segment’s sales are also significantly affected by fluctuating 
prices of various  commodities,  such  as wheat,  corn  and  soybean meal.  Exports  from various  countries  can  exacerbate 
volatile market conditions that may have a significant impact on this segment’s sales and operating income. Profit margins 
are  sometimes  protected  through  commodity  derivatives  and  other  risk  management  practices.  The  execution  of  these 
purchase  and delivery  transactions have  long  cycles of  completion, which  may  extend for several months  with  a  high 
degree  of  price  volatility.  As  a  result,  these  factors  can  significantly  affect  sales  volumes,  operating  income,  working 
capital  and  related  cash  flows  from  period  to  period.  This  segment  represents  approximately  44%  of  Seaboard’s  total 
inventories  as  of  December  31,  2022.  Consolidated  subsidiaries  and  non-consolidated  affiliates  operate  the  grain 
processing facilities in foreign countries that are, in most cases, lesser developed and can be significantly impacted by 
changes in local crop production, political instability and local government policies, as well as fluctuations in economic 
and industry conditions and foreign currency exchange rates. This segment has invested in several entities in recent years 
and continues to seek opportunities to expand its business. 

Marine Segment 
The  Marine  segment  provides  cargo  shipping  services  in  the  U.S.,  the  Caribbean  and  Central  and  South  America. 
Fluctuations in economic conditions and political instability in the regions or countries in which this segment operates 
may affect trade volumes and operating profits. In addition, freight rates can fluctuate depending on regional supply and 
demand for shipping services. Since this segment time-charters ocean cargo vessels, it is affected by fluctuations in charter 

18 

 
 
 
hire  rates  as  well  as  fuel  costs.  This  segment  continues  to  explore  ways  to  increase  volumes  on  existing  routes  while 
seeking opportunities to broaden its route structure in the regions it serves.  

Sugar and Alcohol Segment 
The Sugar and Alcohol segment produces and processes sugar and alcohol in Argentina, primarily to be marketed locally. 
This segment’s sales and operating income are significantly affected by local sugar and alcohol prices, and domestic sugar 
production levels and government regulations affect these local prices. The currency exchange rate can have an impact on 
reported U.S. dollar sales, operating income and cash flows. 

Power Segment 
The Power segment is an independent power producer in the Dominican Republic. Spot market rates are impacted by fuel 
prices and the various producers supplying power to the grid. While fuel is this segment’s largest cost component and is 
subject to price fluctuations, higher fuel costs generally have been passed on to customers.  

Turkey Segment 
The Turkey segment, accounted for using the equity method, produces turkeys to process and sells turkey products. Sales 
prices are directly affected by both domestic and worldwide supply and demand for turkey products and other proteins. 
Feed accounts for the largest input cost in raising turkeys and is materially affected by price changes for corn and soybean 
meal. As a result, commodity price fluctuations can significantly affect profitability and cash flows.  

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES 
Management  believes  Seaboard’s  combination  of  internally  generated  cash,  liquidity,  capital  resources  and  borrowing 
capabilities will be adequate for its existing operations and any currently known potential plans for expansion of existing 
operations in both the short-term and long-term. 

Summary of Sources and Uses of Cash 
Seaboard’s principal funding source is cash from operating activities and its principal cash requirements primarily include 
operating expenses and capital expenditures. As of December 31, 2022, Seaboard had cash and short-term investments of 
nearly  $1.3  billion  and  additional  total  working  capital  of  $1.2  billion.  The  following  table  presents  a  summary  of 
Seaboard’s available borrowing capacity under lines of credit.  

     Total amount 

(Millions of dollars) 
Short-term uncommitted and committed lines 
Amounts drawn against lines 
Available borrowing capacity as of December 31, 2022 

available 
$

 1,125  
 (457) 
 668  

$

As of December 31, 2022, $183 million of the $1.3 billion of cash and short-term investments were held by Seaboard’s 
foreign subsidiaries. Historically, Seaboard has considered substantially all foreign profits as being permanently invested 
in its foreign operations, including all cash and short-term investments held by foreign subsidiaries. During the fourth 
quarter  of  2022,  Seaboard  reversed  its  indefinite  reinvestment  assertion  in  connection  with  certain  previously-taxed 
undistributed earnings of its Seaboard Marine subsidiary due to the tax effectiveness of repatriating. As a result, Seaboard 
recorded  a  deferred  tax  liability  of  $13  million  for  federal  and  state  incremental  tax  costs  associated  with  the  future 
potential  repatriation  of  Seaboard  Marine’s  previously-taxed  foreign  undistributed  earnings.  For  all  other  foreign 
subsidiaries,  Seaboard  intends  to  continue  permanently  reinvesting  their  funds  outside  the  U.S.  as  they  continue  to 
demonstrate no need to repatriate them to fund Seaboard’s U.S. operations for the foreseeable future. Seaboard has not 
recorded deferred taxes for state or foreign withholding taxes that would result upon repatriation of these funds to the U.S. 
Determination  of  the  tax  that  might  be  paid  on  unremitted  earnings  if  eventually  remitted  is  not  practical  due  to  the 
complexity of the multi-jurisdictional tax environment in which Seaboard operates. 

Cash and short-term investments as of December 31, 2022 decreased $206 million from December 31, 2021. The decrease 
was primarily the result of $474 million for capital expenditures, $117 million for purchases of long-term investments, 
$58 million for the acquisition of a business, debt payments of $105 million, unrealized losses on short-term investments 
of $150 million due to capital market volatility, partially offset by higher net cash from operations of $680 million. Cash 
from  operating  activities  increased  $588 million,  primarily  due  to  higher  cash  earnings  and  less  working  capital 
investment, primarily related to inventories due to trade timing.  

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital Expenditures, Acquisitions and Other Investing Activities 
During 2022, Seaboard invested $474 million in property, plant and equipment, of which $315 million was in the Pork 
segment  and  $136  million  was  in  the  Marine  segment.  The  Pork  segment  expenditures  were  primarily  to  fund  biogas 
recovery projects, normal replacement of breeding herd and other investments. At certain hog farms, the Pork segment is 
constructing biogas recovery facilities to capture methane from its hog lagoons and inject it as renewable natural gas into 
the local pipeline infrastructure. The Marine segment expenditures primarily related to the purchase of two used vessels 
and installment payments on vessels under construction.  

The  total  budget  for  2023  capital  expenditures  is  approximately  $750  million,  with  $475  million  planned  in  the  Pork 
segment and $200 million in the Marine segment. The Pork segment’s budget primarily includes further investment in hog 
production  assets,  completion  of  certain  biogas  recovery  projects,  normal  replacement  of  breeding  herd  and  other 
investments.  The  Marine  segment’s  budget  primarily  includes  continued  installment  payments  on  vessels  under 
construction. During the third quarter of 2022, Seaboard’s Marine segment executed contracts to build three additional 
dual-fueled vessels that are estimated to cost $62 million each for a total cash outlay of approximately $186 million. The 
contracts executed in 2021 for the three initial vessels were estimated to cost $60 million each for a total cash outlay of 
approximately $180 million. The payments for all six vessels under construction are made in accordance with milestones 
achieved throughout construction. The three initial vessels are expected to be complete in 2024 and the three additional 
vessels are expected to be complete in 2025. As of December 31, 2022, long-term capital expenditure cash requirements 
included approximately $150 million in 2024 and $100 million in 2025 for these vessels under construction. Management 
anticipates  paying  for  capital  expenditures  from  a  combination  of  available  cash,  the  use  of  available  short-term 
investments and Seaboard’s available borrowing capacity. 

Seaboard acquired businesses in 2022, 2021 and 2020, and intends to continue to look for opportunities to further grow 
and diversify its operations, but there are no definitive plans for additional acquisitions at this time. Management intends 
to utilize existing liquidity, available borrowing capacity and other financing alternatives to fund these opportunities. The 
terms  and  availability  of  such  financing  may  be  impacted  by  economic  and  financial  market  conditions,  as  well  as 
Seaboard's financial condition and results of operations at the time Seaboard seeks such financing, and there can be no 
assurances that Seaboard will be able to obtain such financing on terms that will be acceptable or advantageous. Seaboard 
may  also  fund  capital  calls  and  issue  borrowings  for  its  equity  method  investments  based  on  specific  facts  and 
circumstances.  

From time to time, proceeds from the sale of short-term investments may be used to fund capital expenditure purchases or 
working capital needs. Included in the $2 billion of gross cash flows related to both the sale and purchase of short-term 
investments  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  cash  flows  for  the  year  ended  December 31,  2021  was  asset  reallocation 
intended to reduce equity exposure. Seaboard continues to make long-term investments, with $117 million, $98 million 
and  $47  million  invested  during  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022,  2021  and  2020,  respectively.  As  of 
December 31, 2022, Seaboard is committed to invest approximately $15 million in certain long-term investments in 2023, 
primarily real-estate related.  

Financing Activities 
Seaboard believes it has adequate available borrowings to meet short-term and long-term operating needs. During 2022, 
there was a high volume of draws and repayments activity under lines of credit compared to prior years with the draws 
used to fund working capital and greater investments in capital expenditures. Seaboard had long-term debt of $710 million 
as of December 31, 2022, which includes a term loan due 2028 of $670 million. Current maturities on long-term debt were 
$7  million  as  of  December  31,  2022,  with  expected  annual  interest  payments  of  approximately  $41  million  based  on 
interest  rates  as  of  year-end.  During  2021,  Seaboard  repaid  foreign  subsidiary  debt  related  to  a  2018  acquisition  of 
$46 million upon its maturity. See Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements for further discussion of debt. 

Future Contractual Obligations 
Other than those obligations discussed above, future obligations mostly include normal operating expenses. For operating 
and  finance  leases,  Seaboard  had  a  current  undiscounted  obligation  of  $236  million  and  a  long-term  undiscounted 
obligation of $550 million as of December 31, 2022 per Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements. The majority of 
Seaboard’s  purchase  commitments  for  materials  or  supplies  are  related  to  hog,  grain,  feedstock  and  fuel  procurement 
contracts with a current obligation of approximately $1.6 billion and a long-term obligation of approximately $1.1 billion 
as of December 31, 2022, per Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements. Also, Seaboard is subject to obligations 
under its existing defined benefit pension plans. As of December 31, 2022, the unfunded status of all plans was $94 million. 
Anticipated  employer  payments  related  to  the  unfunded  nonqualified  executive  plans  in  2023  are  $36  million.  For 
additional information about Seaboard’s pension plans, see Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements.  

20 

 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 
Net  sales  for  the  years  ended  December 31,  2022,  2021  and  2020  were  $11.2  billion,  $9.2  billion  and  $7.1  billion, 
respectively. The increase for 2022 compared to 2021 primarily reflected higher sales prices of commodities sold in the 
CT&M segment, higher freight rates in the Marine segment, the commencement of operations of a second barge in the 
Power segment, and higher biodiesel sales, partially offset by lower volumes of pork products and market hogs sold in the 
Pork segment. The increase for 2021 compared to 2020 primarily reflected higher prices of commodities sold in the CT&M 
segment, higher prices for pork products, market hogs and biodiesel sold in the Pork segment and higher cargo volumes 
and rates in the Marine segment. 

Operating  income  for  the  years  ended  December 31, 2022,  2021  and  2020  was  $657  million,  $458  million  and 
$245 million,  respectively.  The  increase  for  2022  compared  to  2021  primarily  reflected  higher  voyage  revenue  in  the 
Marine segment, higher margins on certain commodities in the CT&M segment and more power generation in the Power 
segment,  partially  offset  by  lower  margins  on  pork  product,  market  hog  and  biodiesel  sales  in  the  Pork  segment.  The 
increase for 2021 compared to 2020 primarily reflected higher voyage revenue in the Marine segment, increased margins 
on pork product and market hog sales in the Pork segment, and higher commodity prices, partially offset by derivative 
commodity contract losses and other operational costs in the CT&M segment.  

Pork Segment 

 (Millions of dollars) 
Net sales 
Operating income (loss) 
Income (loss) from affiliates 

             2022 

  $   2,605   $ 
 (96)  $ 
  $ 
 24   $ 
  $ 

2021 
 2,481   $ 
 227   $ 
 3   $ 

2020 
 1,941  
 131  
 (9) 

Net  sales  for  the  Pork segment  increased  $124 million for the year  ended December 31, 2022  compared  to 2021. The 
increase was primarily the result of higher biodiesel prices and increased sales of biofuel credits, and to a lesser extent, 
higher volumes of biodiesel sold and higher prices of pork products sold, largely offset by a decrease in volumes of pork 
products sold and lower volumes and prices of market hogs sold.  

Operating income for the Pork segment decreased $323 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to 2021. 
The  decrease  was  primarily  due  to  lower  margins  on  pork  product  and  market  hog  sales  due  to  higher  costs  of  hogs, 
including inventory adjustments, and higher feed and plant processing costs, biodiesel-related mark-to-market derivative 
contract losses, higher feedstock costs for biofuel operations and higher start-up costs for renewable diesel operations. 
During  2022,  the  Pork  segment  recorded  lower  of  cost  or  market  inventory  valuation  adjustments  associated  with  a 
combination of factors, including the decline in quoted market hog prices and higher grain costs during the period. The 
renewable diesel plant in Hugoton, Kansas, began operations during the third quarter of 2022. Management is unable to 
predict market prices for pork products or biodiesel or the costs of feed or third-party hogs for future periods. Based on 
current conditions, management anticipates this segment will not be profitable in 2023.  

Income from affiliates increased $21 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to 2021 primarily due to 
improved operations at STF.  

Net sales for the Pork segment increased $540 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to 2020. The 
increase was primarily the result of higher prices of pork products sold, and to a lesser extent, higher prices and volumes 
of market hogs and higher biodiesel prices, partially offset by lower volumes of pork products sold.  

Operating income for the Pork segment increased $96 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to 2020. 
The increase was primarily due to higher margins on pork product sales and market hogs due to higher sales prices, partially 
offset by higher hog costs related to feed and higher selling, general and administrative expenses.  

Income from affiliates increased $12 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to 2020 due to improved 
results at both STF and Daily’s primarily related to the commodity markets and return of sales volumes post COVID-19 
disruptions.  

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
CT&M Segment 

 (Millions of dollars) 
Net sales 
Operating income as reported 
Marked-to-market adjustments 
Operating income excluding marked-to-market adjustments  
Income (loss) from affiliates 

         2022 

      2021 

      2020 

  $   6,290   $   5,154   $   3,994  
 118  
  $ 
 (15) 
 103  
 (2) 

 151   $ 
 (7) 
 144   $ 
 21   $ 

 61   $ 
 7  
 68   $ 
 18   $ 

  $ 
  $ 

Net sales for the CT&M segment increased $1.1 billion for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to 2021. The 
increase  primarily  reflected  higher  sales  prices  of  commodities,  and  to  a  lesser  extent,  higher  volumes  to  third-party 
customers, partially offset by lower volumes to affiliates due to timing of shipments. 

Operating income for the CT&M segment increased $90 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to 2021. 
The  increase  primarily  reflected  higher  margins  on  certain  commodities,  costs  associated  with  operational  changes 
recorded in 2021 not repeated in the current year, and derivative contract gains of $7 million related to the change in mark-
to-market adjustments compared to losses of $7 million in 2021. Due to worldwide commodity price fluctuations, the 
uncertain  political  and  economic  conditions  in  the  countries  in  which  this  segment  operates  and  the  volatility  in  the 
commodity  markets,  management  is  unable  to  predict  sales  and  operating  results  for  this  segment  for  future  periods. 
However, management anticipates positive operating income for this segment in 2023, excluding the effects of marking 
to market derivative contracts.  

Had Seaboard not  applied mark-to-market accounting  to its  derivative  instruments, operating  income  for  this  segment 
would have been lower by $7 million and $15 million in 2022 and 2020, respectively, and higher by $7 million in 2021. 
While management believes its commodity futures, options and foreign exchange contracts are primarily economic hedges 
of  its  firm  purchase  and  sales  contracts  or  anticipated  sales  contracts,  Seaboard  does  not  perform  the  extensive 
record-keeping  required  to  account  for  these  transactions  as  hedges  for  accounting  purposes.  Accordingly,  while  the 
changes in fair value of the derivative instruments were marked to market, the changes in value of the firm purchase or 
sales contracts were not. As products are delivered to customers, these existing marked-to-market adjustments should be 
primarily offset by realized margins or losses as revenue is recognized over time and therefore, these marked-to-market 
adjustments could reverse in fiscal 2023. Management believes eliminating these marked-to-market adjustments provides 
a more reasonable presentation to compare and evaluate period-to-period financial results for this segment. 

Net sales for the CT&M segment increased $1.2 billion for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to 2020. The 
increase primarily reflected higher sales prices of most commodities, and to a lesser extent, higher volumes to third-party 
customers, partially offset by lower volumes to affiliates due to timing of shipments.  

Operating income for the CT&M segment decreased $57 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to 2020. 
The  decrease  primarily  reflected  derivative  contract  losses  of  $22  million  related  to  the  change  in  mark-to-market 
adjustments, $18 million of goodwill and property, plant and equipment impairment charges related to plans to dispose of 
immaterial businesses, and higher selling, general and administrative expenses.  

Income  from  affiliates  increased  $20  million  for  year  ended  December  31,  2021  compared  to  2020  primarily  due  to 
improved results from several of this segment’s affiliates related to a return of sales volumes post COVID-19 disruptions. 

Marine Segment 

(Millions of dollars) 
Net sales 
Operating income 

        2022 

      2021 

      2020 

  $  2,043   $  1,396   $  1,005  
 21  
  $ 

 591   $ 

 197   $ 

Net sales for the Marine segment increased $647 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to 2021. The 
increase was primarily the result of higher freight rates, partially offset by lower cargo volumes.  

Operating  income for  the Marine  segment  increased $394  million for  the  year  ended December 31, 2022  compared  to 
2021.  The  increase  was  primarily  the  result  of  higher  voyage  revenue,  partially  offset  by  higher  voyage-related  costs, 
including charter-hire costs, fuel costs and other operational costs primarily due to increased prices. Management cannot 
predict changes in fuel costs or other voyage costs, cargo volumes or freight rates for future periods; however, management 
anticipates this segment will be profitable in 2023. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net sales for the Marine segment increased $391 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to 2020. The 
increase was primarily the result of an increase in average freight rates due to strong demand and the global shortage of 
vessels,  and  higher  cargo  volumes.  In  2020,  cargo volumes  were  lower due  to  many  of  Seaboard Marine’s  customers 
temporarily  shutting  down  due  to  government  orders  associated  with  the  COVID-19  pandemic  and  the  recovery  of 
operations taking time. 

Operating  income for  the Marine  segment  increased $176  million for  the  year  ended December 31, 2021  compared  to 
2020.  The  increase  was  primarily  the  result  of  higher  voyage  revenue,  partially  offset  by  higher  fuel  costs  due  to  the 
increase in both price and consumption, higher charter-hire costs due to increased rates, and higher terminal and intermodal 
trucking costs related to the increase in cargo volumes.  

Sugar and Alcohol Segment 

(Millions of dollars) 
Net sales 
Operating income 

         2022 

      2021 

      2020 

  $ 
  $ 

 129   $ 
 11   $ 

 123   $ 
 2   $ 

 106  
 2  

Net sales for the Sugar and Alcohol segment increased $6 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to 
2021. The increase primarily reflected higher prices of sugar and alcohol sold, partially offset by lower volumes of alcohol, 
sugar and energy sold as a result of low inventory levels from recent harvests. Sugar and alcohol sales are denominated in 
Argentine pesos, and an increase in local sales prices may be offset by exchange rate changes in the Argentine peso against 
the U.S. dollar.  

Operating  income  for  the  Sugar  and  Alcohol  segment  increased  $9  million  for  the  year  ended  December 31, 2022 
compared to 2021. The increase primarily reflected higher margins on sugar and alcohol sales, partially offset by lower 
volumes sold. Management cannot predict local sugar and alcohol prices or the volatility in the currency exchange rate for 
future periods. Based on these conditions, management cannot predict if this segment will be profitable in 2023. 

Net sales for the Sugar and Alcohol segment increased $17 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to 
2020.  The  increase  primarily  reflected  higher  prices  and  volumes  of  alcohol  sold  related  to  strong  demand  post  the 
COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, partially offset by lower sugar sales.  

Operating income for the Sugar and Alcohol segment remained the same for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared 
to 2020. Higher margins on alcohol sales were primarily offset by lower sugar sales and higher sugar production costs.  

Power Segment 

(Millions of dollars) 
Net sales 
Operating income (loss) 

         2022        2021 

      2020 

  $   158   $ 
 14   $ 
  $ 

 60   $ 
 (9)  $ 

 64  
 3  

Net sales for the Power segment increased $98 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to 2021. The 
increase primarily reflected more power generation with EDM III also in operation, and to a lesser extent, higher spot 
market rates as a result of higher fuel prices. During the second quarter of 2022, EDM III was placed in service with 
capacity to generate 148 megawatts of electricity. 

Operating income for the Power segment increased $23 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to 2021, 
primarily due to higher revenues, partially offset by higher fuel and other operational costs. Management cannot predict 
fuel costs or the extent that spot market rates will fluctuate compared to fuel costs or other power producers for future 
periods; however, management anticipates this segment will be profitable in 2023. While EDM II remains in operation in 
the Dominican Republic, Seaboard continues to explore strategic alternatives for this barge, including a sale or relocation. 

Net  sales  for  the  Power  segment  decreased  $4  million  for  the  year  ended  December 31, 2021  compared  to  2020.  The 
decrease primarily reflected lower production related to the installation of EDM III, temporary fuel constraints and more 
power generation from lower variable-cost producers, offset by an increase in spot market rates as a result of higher fuel 
prices. Typically, lower cost power plants are dispatched before those with higher costs.  

Operating income for the Power segment decreased $12 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to 2020 
primarily  due  to  lower  revenues  and  higher  operational  costs  related  to  increased  fuel,  maintenance  and  labor  costs 
associated with the installation of EDM III.  

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Turkey Segment 

(Millions of dollars) 
Income (loss) from affiliate 

         2022 

      2021        2020 

  $ 

 103   $   (20)  $ 

 (10) 

The Turkey segment, accounted for using the equity method, represents Seaboard’s investment in Butterball. The increase 
in income from affiliate for 2022 compared to 2021 was primarily the result of higher selling prices, partially offset by 
lower volumes of turkey products sold and higher feed and plant production costs. The decrease in income from affiliate 
for 2021 compared to 2020 was primarily the result of lower sales volumes and higher live and plant production costs due 
to increased feed and labor prices, partially offset by higher sales due to increased prices. Management is unable to predict 
market prices for turkey products or the cost of feed for future periods; however, management anticipates this segment 
will be profitable in 2023.  

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses  
Selling,  general  and  administrative  (“SG&A”)  expenses  for  the  year  ended  December 31, 2022  increased  $13  million 
compared to 2021. The increase was primarily the result of higher consulting, travel and other office expenses, partially 
offset by lower costs associated with Seaboard’s deferred compensation program. Higher personnel costs related to wages 
and other benefits were offset with lower pension settlements. SG&A expenses for the year ended December 31, 2021 
increased $31 million compared to 2020. The increase was primarily the result of higher personnel costs including annual 
raises and bonuses associated with improved financial performance, more consulting fees associated with legal and other 
advisory  matters,  an  increase  in  travel  costs  as  vaccinations  became  available  and  bad  debt  expense.  The  deferred 
compensation program costs are offset by the effect of the mark-to-market on investments recoded in other investment 
income (loss), net. 

Interest Expense  
Interest expense totaled $40 million, $13 million and $19 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, 
respectively.  The  increase  in  interest  expense  for  2022  compared  to  2021  primarily  related  to  higher  interest  rates  on 
outstanding debt and mark-to-market gains on interest rate swap agreements in the prior year. The decrease in interest 
expense for 2021 compared to 2020 primarily related to mark-to-market fluctuations on interest rate swap agreements and 
lower  interest  rates  on  outstanding  debt,  partially  offset  by  less  capitalized  interest  related  to  capital  expenditure 
investments. During the third quarter of 2021, Seaboard terminated all of its interest rate swap agreements. 

Interest Income 
Interest income totaled $32 million, $22 million and $22 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, 
respectively. Interest income primarily includes interest earned on debt securities.  

Other Investment Income (Loss), Net 
Other  investment  income  (loss),  net  totaled  ($239)  million,  $133  million  and  $84  million  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The decrease in other investment income for 2022 compared to 2021 
primarily reflected mark-to-market losses on short-term investments and a $46 million charge recorded during 2022 related 
to a long-term solar energy investment discussed further in Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements. The charge 
on  this  long-term  investment  is  offset  with  the  benefit  of  the  investment  tax  credits  recorded  in  income  tax  benefit 
(expense).  The  increase  in  other  investment  income  for  2021  compared  to  2020  primarily  reflected  realized  gains  on 
short-term investments, partially offset by mark-to-market losses. 

Foreign Currency Gains (Losses), Net 
Foreign  currency  gains  (losses),  net  totaled  $5  million,  $16  million  and  ($31)  million  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2022,  2021  and  2020,  respectively.  The  decrease  in  foreign  currency  gains  for  2022  compared  to  2021 
primarily  reflected  fluctuations  in  the  euro,  among  fluctuations  of  other  currency  exchange  rates  in  several  foreign 
countries. The increase in foreign currency gains for 2021 compared to 2020 primarily reflected gains in the euro, Zambian 
kwacha and South African rand, among fluctuations of other currency exchange rates in several foreign countries.  

Income Tax Expense 
The 2022 effective tax rate was lower than the 2021 effective tax rate primarily due to an increase in federal investment 
tax credits available in 2022 and a change in mix of foreign and domestic earnings, with foreign earnings generally taxed 
at lower rates. The 2021 effective tax rate was higher than the 2020 effective tax rate primarily due to increased earnings 
which decreased the proportional effect of tax credits available to offset the associated income tax. See Note 12 to the 
consolidated financial statements for further information on Seaboard’s income taxes. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES 
The  preparation  of  Seaboard’s  consolidated  financial  statements  requires  Seaboard  to  make  estimates,  judgments,  and 
assumptions.  See  Note  1  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements  for  a  discussion  of  significant  accounting  policies. 
Management  has  identified  the  accounting  estimates  believed  to be  the  most  important  to  the  portrayal  of  Seaboard’s 
financial condition and results of operations, and those that require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex 
judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of inherently uncertain matters. Management 
has reviewed these critical accounting estimates with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. 

Accrued Pension Liability – The measurement of Seaboard’s pension liability and related expense is dependent on a variety 
of assumptions and estimates regarding future events. These assumptions include discount rates, assumed rate of return on 
plan assets, compensation increases, mortality rates and retirement rates. The discount rate and return on plan assets are 
important elements of liability and expense measurement and are reviewed on an annual basis. The effect of decreasing 
both the discount rate and assumed rate of return on plan assets by 50 basis points would be an increase in pension expense 
of approximately $1 million per year. The effects of actual results differing from the assumptions (i.e. gains or losses) are 
primarily accumulated in accrued pension liability and amortized over future periods if it exceeds the 10% corridor and, 
therefore,  could  affect  Seaboard’s  recognized  pension  expense  in  such  future  periods,  as  permitted  under  GAAP.  See 
Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements for discussion of the pension rates and assumptions. 

Income Taxes – Income taxes are determined by management based on current tax regulations in the various worldwide 
taxing jurisdictions in which Seaboard conducts its business. In various situations, accruals have been made for estimates 
of  the  tax  effects  for  certain  transactions,  business  structures,  the  estimated  reversal  of  timing  differences  and  future 
projected  profitability  of  Seaboard’s  various  business  units  based  on  management’s  interpretation  of  existing  facts, 
circumstances  and  tax  regulations.  Should  new  evidence  come  to  management’s  attention  that  could  alter  previous 
conclusions, if tax laws change or if taxing authorities disagree with the positions taken by Seaboard, the change in estimate 
could result in a material adverse or favorable impact on the financial statements. An increase in the future U.S. federal 
income tax rate of 5% would decrease tax expense on the reversal of timing differences by approximately $3 million as a 
one-time adjustment, which would be fully reflected in the period of enactment. 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 
Seaboard is exposed to various types of market risks in its day-to-day operations. Primary market risk exposures result 
from  changing  commodity  prices,  foreign  currency  exchange  rates,  interest  rates  and  equity  prices.  Occasionally 
derivatives  are  used  to  manage  these  overall  market  risks;  however,  Seaboard  does  not  perform  the  extensive  record-
keeping required to account for derivative transactions as hedges. Since these derivatives are not accounted for as hedges, 
fluctuations in the related prices could have a material impact on earnings in any given year. From time to time, Seaboard 
also enters into speculative derivative transactions related to its market risks. 

Commodity price changes affect the cost of necessary raw materials and other inventories, finished product sales and firm 
sales commitments. Seaboard uses various grain, hog, oilseed and other commodity futures and options purchase contracts 
to manage certain risks of increasing prices of raw materials and firm sales commitments or anticipated sales contracts. 
Short sales contracts are used to offset the open purchase derivatives when the related commodity inventory is purchased 
in advance of the derivative maturity, effectively offsetting the initial futures or option purchase contract.  

The political and economic conditions of the countries in which Seaboard does business, along with fluctuations in the 
value  of  the  U.S.  dollar,  cause  volatility  in  currency  exchange  rates,  which  exposes  Seaboard  to  fluctuating  foreign 
currency gains and losses that cannot be predicted. Since changes in foreign currency exchange rates affect the cash paid 
or received on foreign currency-denominated receivables and payables, Seaboard manages certain of these risks through 
the use of foreign currency exchange agreements.  

The following table presents the sensitivity of the fair value of Seaboard’s derivatives to a hypothetical 10% change in 
market prices and foreign exchange rates as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. The fair value is calculated for each item by 
valuing each net position at quoted market prices as of the applicable date. 

(Millions of dollars) 
Grains and oilseeds 
Vegetable oils 
Energy-related resources 
Foreign currencies 

    December 31, 2022     December 31, 2021 
 4 
 9   $ 
  $ 
 1 
 1  
 4 
 —  
 18 
 22  

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
Equity price risk  is  the risk  that  Seaboard may  incur  losses  due  to  adverse  changes  in  the market prices  of  the  equity 
securities it holds in its short-term investment portfolio. Market prices for equity securities are subject to fluctuation and 
may  result  from  perceived  changes  in  the  underlying  economic  characteristics  of  the  investee,  the  relative  price  of 
alternative investments and general market conditions. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the fair value of Seaboard’s 
marketable  equity  securities  was  approximately  $602  million  and  $665  million,  respectively,  and  a  hypothetical  10% 
change in market prices would impact the income statement by $60 million and $67 million, respectively.  

As changes in interest rates affect the cash required to service variable-rate debt, Seaboard may use interest rate exchange 
agreements  to  manage  risks  of  increasing  interest  rates.  At  December 31, 2022,  Seaboard  had  variable-rate  debt 
outstanding  of  $670 million  with  an  interest  rate  of  6.01%.  A  hypothetical  10%  change  in  interest  rates  effective  at 
December 31, 2022, would have a minimal impact on interest expense. Long-term debt sensitive to changes in interest 
rates as of December 31, 2021 totaled $678 million with an interest rate of 1.73% 

26 

 
 
 
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors 
Seaboard Corporation: 

Opinions on the Consolidated Financial Statements and Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Seaboard Corporation and subsidiaries (the Company) 
as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity, and 
cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively, the 
consolidated financial statements). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2022,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  –  Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial 
position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each 
of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting 
principles. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial 
reporting as of December 31, 2022 based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued 
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. 

Basis for Opinions 

The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal 
control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, 
included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is 
to  express  an  opinion  on  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  and  an  opinion  on  the  Company’s  internal 
control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company 
Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company 
in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange 
Commission and the PCAOB. 

We  conducted  our  audits  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  PCAOB.  Those  standards  require  that  we  plan  and 
perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material 
misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained 
in all material respects. 

Our  audits  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  included  performing  procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of  material 
misstatement  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  performing  procedures  that 
respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and 
disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used 
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial 
statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control 
over  financial  reporting,  assessing  the  risk  that  a  material  weakness  exists,  and  testing  and  evaluating  the  design  and 
operating  effectiveness  of  internal  control  based  on  the  assessed  risk.  Our  audits  also  included  performing  such  other 
procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our 
opinions. 

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with 
generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies 
and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the 
transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded 
as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, 
and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management 
and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (3)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely  detection  of 
unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial 
statements. 

27 

 
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

Critical Audit Matter 

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial 
statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts 
or  disclosures  that  are  material  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  (2)  involved  our  especially  challenging, 
subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on 
the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, 
providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. 

Sufficiency of audit evidence over net sales 

As described in Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company earned $11.2 billion of net sales 
in 2022. Net sales were primarily generated by the Company’s Pork, Commodity, Trading and Milling, Marine, 
Sugar  and  Alcohol,  and  Power  operations,  which  were  dispersed  over  numerous  countries.  We  identified  the 
evaluation of the sufficiency of audit evidence over net sales as a critical audit matter. Evaluating the sufficiency 
of audit evidence obtained required auditor judgment due to the geographical dispersion of net sales. Furthermore, 
given  the  disaggregation  of  local  management  and  language  differences  between  locations,  our  audit  team 
consisted of auditors located in multiple countries around the world. The following are the primary procedures 
we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the nature and amounts of the Company’s net 
sales at its various locations and applied auditor judgement to determine the locations at which procedures were 
to be performed. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related 
to the Company’s net sales process, including controls related to the recognition of global net sales amounts. We 
tested  samples  of  individual  net  sales  transactions  by  comparing  the  amounts  recognized  by  the  Company  to 
relevant underlying documentation such as purchase orders, contractual arrangements, and delivery documents, 
as applicable. In addition, we evaluated the sufficiency of audit evidence obtained over net sales by assessing the 
results of procedures performed, including the appropriateness of the nature and extent of audit effort. 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1959.  

Kansas City, Missouri 
February 14, 2023 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEABOARD CORPORATION 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 

(Millions of dollars except share and per share amounts) 
Net sales: 

Products (includes sales to affiliates of $1,463, $1,396 and $1,125) 
Services revenues (includes sales to affiliates of $20, $20 and $21) 
Other 

Total net sales 
Cost of sales and operating expenses: 

Products 
Services 
Other 

Total cost of sales and operating expenses 
Gross income 
Selling, general and administrative expenses 
Operating income 
Other income (expense): 

Interest expense 
Interest income 
Income (loss) from affiliates 
Other investment income (loss), net 
Foreign currency gains (losses), net 
Miscellaneous, net 
Total other income, net 
Earnings before income taxes  
Income tax benefit (expense) 
Net earnings 
Less: Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests 
Net earnings attributable to Seaboard 

Earnings per common share 
Average number of shares outstanding 

Years ended December 31, 
2021 

2022 

2020 

 $ 

 8,979   $
 2,100  
 164  
 11,243  

 7,714   $
 1,445  
 70  
 9,229  

 8,707  
 1,369  
 137  
 10,213  
 1,030  
 373  
 657  

 7,223  
 1,124  
 64  
 8,411  
 818  
 360  
 458  

 (40) 
 32  
 152  
 (239) 
 5  
 12  
 (78) 
 579  
 3  
 582   $
 (2) 
 580   $

 (13) 
 22  
 7  
 133  
 16  
 13  
 178  
 636  
 (65) 
 571   $
 (1) 
 570   $

 $ 

 $ 

 5,993  
 1,058  
 75  
 7,126  

 5,580  
 915  
 57  
 6,552  
 574  
 329  
 245  

 (19)  
 22  
 (18)  
 84  
 (31)  
 3  
 41  
 286  
 (3)  
 283  
 —  
 283  

499.66    $

 $ 
     1,160,779  

490.36    $

  1,160,779  

 244.21  
   1,161,526  

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax benefit (expense) of 
$(8), $(8) and $3: 

Foreign currency translation adjustment 
Unrecognized pension cost 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 
Comprehensive income 
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests 
Comprehensive income attributable to Seaboard 

 $ 

 $ 

 (33) 
 43  
 10   $
 592  
 (2) 
 590   $

 8  
 31  
 39   $
 610  
 (1) 
 609   $

 (7)  
 (23)  
 (30)  
 253  
 (1)  
 252  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
    
    
 
   
 
 
  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEABOARD CORPORATION 
Consolidated Balance Sheets 

(Millions of dollars except share and per share amounts) 

Assets 

Current assets: 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Short-term investments 
Receivables, net 
Inventories 
Other current assets 

Total current assets 
Property, plant and equipment, net 
Operating lease right of use assets, net 
Investments in and advances to affiliates 
Goodwill 
Other intangible assets, net 
Other non-current assets 
Total assets 

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity 

Current liabilities: 
Lines of credit 
Accounts payable 
Accrued compensation and benefits 
Deferred revenue  
Operating lease liabilities 
Accrued voyage costs 
Other current liabilities 

Total current liabilities 
Long-term debt, less current maturities 
Long-term operating lease liabilities 
Accrued pension liability 
Deferred income taxes 
Other non-current liabilities 
Total liabilities 
Commitments and contingent liabilities 
Stockholders’ equity: 

Common stock of $1 par value. Authorized 1,250,000 shares; issued and outstanding 
1,160,779 shares in 2022 and in 2021 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss 
Retained earnings 

Total Seaboard stockholders’ equity 
Noncontrolling interests 
Total equity 
Total liabilities and equity 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

 199   $ 

 1,086  
 923  
 1,670  
 139  
 4,017  
 2,246  
 445  
 753  
 154  
 31  
 256  
 7,902   $ 

 457   $ 
 429  
 158  
 70  
 156  
 61  
 198  
 1,529  
 702  
 318  
 71  
 —  
 268  
 2,888  

 75  
 1,416  
 762  
 1,663  
 131  
 4,047  
 1,892  
 496  
 651  
 163  
 45  
 209  
 7,503  

 516  
 404  
 143  
 108  
 171  
 60  
 150  
 1,552  
 708  
 360  
 131  
 99  
 219  
 3,069  

 1  
 (422)  
 5,417  
 4,996  
 18  
 5,014  
 7,902   $ 

 1  
 (432) 
 4,847  
 4,416  
 18  
 4,434  
 7,503  

  $ 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
    
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEABOARD CORPORATION 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 

   Accumulated         
Other 

  Common    Comprehensive   Retained   Noncontrolling 
  Stock 
   $ 

 (440)  $   4,030   $ 

  Earnings  

Interests 

Loss 

(Millions of dollars except per share amounts) 
Balances, January 1, 2020 
Adoption of new accounting standard (See Note 1) 
Comprehensive income: 

Net earnings 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax  

Repurchase of common stock 
Dividends on common stock, $9.00/share 
Balances, December 31, 2020 
Comprehensive income: 

Net earnings 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax  

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests 
Dividends on common stock, $9.00/share 
Balances, December 31, 2021 
Comprehensive income: 

Net earnings 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax  

Distributions to noncontrolling interests 
Dividends on common stock, $9.00/share 
Balances, December 31, 2022 

 1  $ 
 —   

 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 1   

 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 1   

 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 1  $ 

  $ 

 —  

 (3)  

 —  
 (31) 
 —  
 —  
 (471) 

 —  
 39  
 —  
 —  
 (432) 

 —  
 10  
 —  
 —  

 283  
 —  
 (13)  
 (10)  
 4,287  

 570  
 —  
 —  
 (10)  
 4,847  

 580  
 —  
 —  
 (10)  

 (422)  $   5,417   $ 

  Total 

 10   $ 3,601  
 (3) 
 —  

 —  
 1  
 —  
 —  
 11  

 1  
 —  
 6  
 —  
 18  

 283  
 (30) 
 (13) 
 (10) 
   3,828  

 571  
 39  
 6  
 (10) 
   4,434  

 582  
 2  
 10  
 —  
 (2) 
 (2) 
 —  
 (10) 
 18   $ 5,014  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
 
      
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEABOARD CORPORATION 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 

(Millions of dollars) 
Cash flows from operating activities: 

Years ended December 31, 
2021 

2020 

2022 

Net earnings 
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to cash from operating activities: 

  $ 

 582   $ 

 571   $ 

 283  

Depreciation and amortization 
Deferred income taxes  
Loss (income) from affiliates 
Dividends received from affiliates 
Other investment loss (income), net 
Other, net 

Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and dispositions: 

Receivables, net of allowance 
Inventories 
Other assets 
Accounts payable 
Other liabilities, exclusive of debt 
Net cash from operating activities 
Cash flows from investing activities: 

Purchase of short-term investments 
Proceeds from sale of short-term investments 
Proceeds from maturity of short-term investments 
Capital expenditures 
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment 
Purchase of long-term investments 
Proceeds from sale of non-consolidated affiliates 
Acquisition of businesses 
Proceeds from the sale of subsidiaries, net of cash sold 
Notes receivable issued to affiliates 
Principal payments received on third-party notes receivable 
Other, net 

Net cash from investing activities 
Cash flows from financing activities: 
Uncommitted lines of credit, net 
Draws under committed lines of credit 
Repayments of committed lines of credit 
Proceeds from long-term debt 
Principal payments of long-term debt 
Finance lease payments 
Repurchase of common stock 
Dividends paid 
Other, net 

Net cash from financing activities 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

 235  
 (112) 
 (152) 
 40  
 239  
 39  

 (188) 
 (20) 
 (7) 
 26  
 (6) 
 676  

 (567) 
 717  
 15  
 (474) 
 29  
 (117) 
 13  
 (58) 
 17  
 (13) 
 5  
 (4) 
 (437) 

 178  
 (12) 
 (7) 
 44  
 (133) 
 43  

 (228) 
 (462) 
 (20) 
 117  
 1  
 92  

 (2,031) 
 2,202  
 26  
 (460) 
 39  
 (98) 
 —  
 (7) 
 —  
 —  
 21  
 6  
 (302) 

 (27) 
 1,215  
 (1,241) 
 1  
 (8) 
 (44) 
 —  
 (10) 
 (2) 
 (116) 
 1  
 124  
 75  
 199   $ 

 135  
 672  
 (515) 
 —  
 (55) 
 (14) 
 —  
 (10) 
 —  
 213  
 (4) 
 (1) 
 76  
 75   $ 

  $ 

 172  
 11  
 18  
 20  
 (84)  
 (22)  

 104  
 (99)  
 (10)  
 (99)  
 (3)  
 291  

 (739)  
 791  
 47  
 (259)  
 4  
 (47)  
 —  
 (27)  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 (32)  
 (262)  

 (18)  
 290  
 (290)  
 37  
 (69)  
 (7)  
 (13)  
 (10)  
 (2)  
 (82)  
 4  
 (49)  
 125  
 76  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
    
    
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 1 − Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 
Operations of Seaboard Corporation and its Subsidiaries 
Seaboard Corporation and its subsidiaries (collectively, “Seaboard”) together comprise a diversified group of companies 
that operate worldwide in agricultural and ocean transport businesses. Seaboard is primarily engaged in hog production 
and pork processing in the United States (“U.S.”); commodity trading and grain processing in Africa and South America; 
cargo shipping services in the U.S., Caribbean and Central and South America; sugar and alcohol production in Argentina; 
and  electric  power  generation  in  the  Dominican Republic.  Seaboard  also  has  an  equity  method  investment  in 
Butterball, LLC  (“Butterball”),  a producer and processor of turkey  products.  Seaboard’s  outstanding common  stock  is 
closely held, with approximately 77% collectively owned by Seaboard Flour LLC and SFC Preferred, LLC. 

Principles of Consolidation 
The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  Seaboard  Corporation  and  its  domestic  and  foreign 
subsidiaries.  All  significant  intercompany  balances  and  transactions  have  been  eliminated  in  consolidation.  Financial 
information from certain foreign subsidiaries is reported on a one- to three-month lag, depending on the specific entity.  

Investments in Affiliates 
Investments  in  non-consolidated  affiliates,  where  Seaboard  has  significant  influence  but  does  not  have  a  controlling 
interest, are accounted for by the equity method. Under the equity method of accounting, the initial investment is recorded 
at cost and the investment is subsequently adjusted for its proportionate share of earnings or losses and dividends, including 
consideration of basis differences resulting from the difference between the initial carrying amount of the investment and 
the  underlying  equity  in  net  assets.  Seaboard  reviews  its  investments  in  affiliates  for  impairment  whenever  events  or 
changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the investments may not be fully recoverable. For 
the Commodity Trading and Milling (“CT&M”) segment, investments in affiliates are primarily in foreign countries, which 
are less developed than the U.S., and therefore, expose Seaboard to greater financial risks. At certain times when there are 
ongoing losses, local economies are depressed, commodity-based markets are less stable or foreign governments cause 
challenging business conditions, the fair value of the equity method investments is evaluated by management. As the fair 
value of these investments is not readily determinable, management uses other methods to determine fair value such as 
estimated future cash flows, including assumptions on growth rates and consideration of other local business conditions 
as applicable.  

Use of Estimates 
These  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  U.S.  generally  accepted  accounting  principles 
(“GAAP”) which requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and 
liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the 
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.  

Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation 
Seaboard has operations in several foreign countries, and the currencies of the countries fluctuate in relation to the U.S. 
dollar, resulting in foreign currency gains and losses. Certain CT&M segment subsidiaries located in Guyana, Ivory Coast, 
Senegal,  South  Africa  and  Zambia  use  local  currency  as  their  functional  currency.  Assets  and  liabilities  of  these 
subsidiaries are translated to U.S. dollars at year-end exchange rates, and income and expenses are translated at average 
rates.  Translation  gains  and  losses  are  recorded  as  components  of  other  comprehensive  income  (loss).  Also,  certain 
non-consolidated affiliates, primarily in the CT&M segment use local currency as their functional currency. 

Seaboard applies highly inflationary accounting for countries whose cumulative inflation rate for a three-year period meets 
or  exceeds  100%.  Under  highly  inflationary  accounting,  the  financial  statements  of  a  subsidiary  are  remeasured  into 
Seaboard’s reporting currency (U.S. dollars) and exchange gains and losses from the remeasurement of monetary assets 
and liabilities are reflected in net income, rather than accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) on the balance sheet, 
until the economy is no longer considered highly inflationary. Certain non-monetary assets and liabilities are recorded at 
the  applicable  historical  exchange  rates.  Seaboard  applies  highly  inflationary  accounting  for  the  Sugar  and  Alcohol 
segment, which operates in Argentina.  

Cash and Cash Equivalents 
Cash equivalents include all demand deposits, overnight investments and other highly liquid investments with original 
maturities of three months or less.  

33 

 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental Cash Flow Information 
The amounts paid for interest and income taxes are as follows: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Interest, net of interest capitalized 
Income taxes, net of refunds 

Years ended December 31, 
2020 
2021 
2022 

$ 

 35    $ 
 101   

 10    $ 

 104   

 16  
 55  

Non-cash  activities  related  to  capital  expenditures  of  $15  million,  $5  million  and  $7  million  that  were  included  in 
accounts payable as of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. 

Short-term Investments 
Short-term investments are categorized as trading securities and carried at fair value. Changes in the fair value of short-term 
investments are recorded as unrealized gains and losses included in other investment income (loss), net in the consolidated 
statements of comprehensive income, with any purchases and sales recorded on a settlement date basis.  

Accounts Receivable 
The following table presents the components of Seaboard’s receivables as of December 31, 2022 and 2021: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Receivables: 

Trade 
Due from affiliates 
Other 

Total receivables 
Allowance for credit losses 
Net receivables 

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

  $

  $

 588   $
 195  
 171  
 954  
 (31)  
 923   $

 553  
 128  
 112  
 793  
 (31) 
 762  

Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and generally do not bear interest.  

The  allowance  for  credit  losses  is  Seaboard’s  best  estimate  of  the  amount  of  probable  credit  losses  using  the  current 
expected credit loss model. This model estimates the lifetime of expected credit loss based on historical experience, current 
conditions and reasonable supportable forecasts. Changes in estimates, developing trends and other new information can 
have a material effect on future evaluations. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, Seaboard had gross foreign receivables 
of approximately $659 million and $578 million, respectively, which generally represent more of a collection risk than the 
domestic receivables, although as of December 31, 2022 no individual material amounts were deemed to have a heightened 
risk  of  collectability.  Account  balances  are  charged  off  against  the  allowance  after  all  means  of  collection  have  been 
exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote.  

The activity within the allowance for credit losses was as follows:  

(Millions of dollars) 
Allowance for Credit Losses: 

Balance at 

      Balance at  
  beginning of year     Adjustment(a)     Provision(b)     Net deductions(c)     end of year 

      Transition       

Year Ended December 31, 2022 
Year Ended December 31, 2021 
Year Ended December 31, 2020 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

 31   
 28   
 28   

 —   
 —   
 3   

 7    
 5    
 —    

 (7)   $ 
 (2)   $ 
 (3)   $ 

 31  
 31  
 28  

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

  Adjustment made upon adoption of new guidance to retained earnings. 
  Provision amounts are charged to selling, general and administrative expenses. 
  Includes write-offs net of recoveries, foreign currency translation adjustments and other adjustments. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
     
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes Receivable  
Notes  receivable  are  included  in  other  receivables,  if  current,  and  other  non-current  assets,  if  long-term.  Seaboard’s 
non-current notes receivable balances, net of reserves, were $40 million and $30 million as of December 31, 2022 and 
2021, respectively. Seaboard monitors the credit quality of notes receivable, using the current expected credit loss model.  

The activity within the allowance for non-current notes receivable was as follows: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Allowance for Notes Receivable: 
Year Ended December 31, 2022 
Year Ended December 31, 2021 
Year Ended December 31, 2020 

Balance at 

     Balance at  
  beginning of year    Provision   Net deductions    end of year  

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

 18   
 17   
 17   

 —   
 1   
 —   

 (1)  $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 

 17  
 18  
 17  

Inventories 
Grain, flour and feed inventories at the CT&M segment’s foreign milling operations are valued at the lower of weighted 
average cost and net realizable value (“NRV”). All other inventories are valued at the lower of first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) 
cost and NRV. In determining NRV, management makes assumptions regarding estimated sales prices, estimated costs to 
complete and estimated disposal costs. Changes in future market prices or facts and circumstances could result in a material 
write down in the value of inventory or decreased future margins on the sale of inventory.  

Property, Plant and Equipment 
Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost and, except for land, depreciated using the straight-line method over an 
estimated useful life, ranging from 3 to 30 years. Property, plant and equipment under finance leases are stated at the 
present value of minimum lease payments and subsequently amortized using the straight-line method over the earlier of 
the end of its useful life or the end of the lease term. Routine and planned major maintenance, repairs and minor renewals 
are expensed as incurred, while major renewals and improvements are capitalized. Property, plant and equipment and other 
long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount 
may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the 
asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. Impairment is recognized if the carrying 
amount of the assets exceeds the estimated fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of 
the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. 

Right of Use Assets and Lease Liabilities 
Right of Use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present 
value  of  lease  payments  over  the  lease  term.  The  present  value  of  lease  payments  is  determined  primarily  using  the 
incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date. For leases that do not 
have readily determinable implicit discount rates, Seaboard adjusts its incremental borrowing rate by the local risk-free 
interest rate on its Term Loan due 2028 with a credit risk premium corresponding to Seaboard’s unreported credit rating. 
Then Seaboard determines discount rates based on term, country and currency where the leased asset is located. Seaboard 
accounts for lease and non-lease maintenance components as a single lease component for all classes of underlying assets. 
Seaboard does not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases with terms greater than 1 month, but 
less than 12 months. 

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets 
Goodwill is assessed annually for impairment by each reporting unit at the quarter-end closest to the anniversary date of 
the initial acquisition, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment is likely. Seaboard 
first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not the fair value of any reporting unit is less 
than  its  carrying  amount.  If  qualitative  factors  indicate  more  likely  than  not  that  an  impairment  is  possible,  Seaboard 
performs a quantitative impairment test using discounted cash flow analysis by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit 
with its carrying amount. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the 
reporting  unit’s  fair  value.  No  impairments  were  recorded  during  2022  based  on  qualitative  assessment  and  certain 
immaterial reporting units recorded a total of $4 million of impairment charges during 2021.  

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill were as follows: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Balance as of December 31, 2020 
Impairment 
Balance as of December 31, 2021 
Foreign currency translation 
Acquisition 
Balance as of December 31, 2022 

Pork 

  CT&M 
       Segment        Segment 
  $ 

$ 

    Total 

 18 
 — 
 18 
 — 
 4 
 22 

 149   $ 
 (4)   

 145 
 (13)   
 —    
 132   $ 

$ 

 167 
 (4)
 163 
 (13)
 4 
 154 

  $ 

Separable intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives and evaluated for impairment 
similar to property, plant and equipment discussed above. The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization for 
finite-lived intangible were as follows: 

December 31, 2022 

December 31, 2021 

  Customer     Trade   
  relationships   names    Total 
(Millions of dollars) 
Gross carrying amount  
$ 
Accumulated amortization and currency translation  
Net carrying amount 

 51 $ 
 (31)  
 20 $ 

 28 $ 
 (17) 
 11 $ 

$ 

 79   $ 
 (48) 
 31   $ 

    Customer     Trade   
    relationships   names    Total   
 79  
 (34) 
 45  

 51 $ 
 (22)  
 29 $ 

 28 $ 
 (12) 
 16 $ 

Amortization of intangible assets was $8 million, $9 million and $8 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 
and 2020, respectively. Using the exchange rates in effect at year-end, estimated amortization of intangible assets as of 
December 31, 2022 is $8 million each year for the next three years and $7 million in year four. 

Accrued Self-Insurance 
Seaboard  is  self-insured  for  certain  levels  of  workers’  compensation,  health  care  coverage,  property  damage,  vehicle, 
product  recall  and  general  liability.  Liabilities  associated  with  some  of  these  risks  is  estimated  based  on  actuarially-
determined amounts and accrued in part by considering historical claims experience, demographic factors, severity factors 
and other actuarial assumptions. Changes in estimates to previously recorded reserves are reflected in current operating 
results. 

Asset Retirement Obligation 
Seaboard  records  a  long-lived  asset  and  a  related  liability  for  the  asset  retirement  obligation  costs  associated  with  the 
closure of all hog lagoons. Based on detailed assessments and appraisals obtained to estimate the future asset retirement 
obligation  costs,  Seaboard  recorded  the  present  value  of  the  projected  costs  in  other  non-current  liabilities  in  the 
consolidated balance sheets. The retirement asset is depreciated over the economic life of the related asset. The following 
table shows the changes in the asset retirement obligation:  

(Millions of dollars) 
Beginning balance 
Accretion expense 
Liability for additional lagoons  
Ending balance 

  Years ended December 31, 

2022 

2021 

  $ 

  $ 

 29 
 2 
 1 
 32 

$ 

$ 

 27 
 1 
 1 
 29 

Pension Plans  
Seaboard records annual income and expense amounts relating to its pension plans based on calculations which include 
various actuarial assumptions, including discount rates, mortality, assumed rates of return, compensation increases, and 
turnover rates. Seaboard reviews its actuarial assumptions on an annual basis and makes modifications to the assumptions 
based on current rates and trends when it is deemed appropriate to do so. The effect of modifications on the value of plan 
obligations and assets is recognized immediately within other comprehensive income (loss) and amortized into operating 
earnings over future periods. The measurement date for all plans is December 31st. Any overfunded status is recognized 
as an asset and any underfunded status is recognized as a liability. The service cost component of net periodic benefit cost 
is recorded in either cost of sales or selling, general and administrative expenses depending upon the employee, and the 
other  components  of  net  periodic  benefit  cost  are  recorded  in  miscellaneous,  net  in  the  consolidated  statements  of 
comprehensive income. Settlements are recognized when lump sum payments on a cumulative basis exceed the service 
cost plus interest cost for the respective plan. 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue Recognition 
Almost all of Seaboard’s contracts with its customers are less than one year. Seaboard recognizes revenue when control 
of the promised goods or services is transferred to its customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to 
receive in exchange for those goods or services. The majority of Seaboard’s revenue arrangements consist of a single 
performance obligation as the promise to transfer the individual product or service is not separately identifiable from other 
promises in the contracts, including shipping and handling and customary storage, and, therefore, not distinct. Revenue 
from goods and services transferred to customers at a single point in time account for approximately 85% of Seaboard’s 
net sales. Substantially all of the sales in Seaboard’s Marine segment are recognized ratably over the transit time for each 
voyage, as the performance obligation to its customers is satisfied.  

Seaboard’s transaction prices are mostly fixed, but occasionally include minimal variable consideration for early payment, 
volume and other similar discounts, which are highly probable based on the history with the respective customers. Taxes 
assessed by a governmental authority that are collected by Seaboard from a customer are excluded from sales. Seaboard 
recognizes a financing component only on obligations that extend longer than one year. 

Deferred  revenue  represents  cash  payments  received  in  advance  of  Seaboard’s  performance  or  revenue  billed  that  is 
unearned. The CT&M segment requires certain customers to pay in advance or upon delivery to avoid collection risk. The 
Marine segment’s deferred revenue balance primarily relates to the unearned portion of billed revenue when a ship is on 
the water and has not arrived at the designated port. Deferred revenue balances are reduced when revenue is recognized. 
The majority of the deferred revenue balance as of year-end is recognized as revenue during the following quarter. 

Research and Development 
Seaboard conducts research and development activities to develop new products and to improve existing products and 
processes. Seaboard incurred research and development expenses of $210 million, $191 million and $134 million for the 
years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  

Income Taxes 
Effects of changes in tax laws, including retroactive changes, are recognized in the financial statements in the period that 
the  changes  are  enacted.  Deferred  income  taxes  are  recognized  for  the  tax  consequences  of  temporary  differences  by 
applying  enacted  statutory  tax  rates  applicable  to  future  years  to  differences  between  the  financial  statement  carrying 
amounts and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities. Seaboard accounts for the global intangible low-taxed income 
(“GILTI”) provision and the base-erosion and anti-abuse tax (“BEAT”) provision taxes in the period incurred. For quarters, 
Seaboard  computes  its  year-to-date  provision  for  income  taxes  by  applying  the  estimated  annual  effective  tax  rate  to 
year-to-date pre-tax income or loss and adjusts the provision for discrete tax items recorded in the period. 

Earnings Per Common Share 
Earnings per common share are based upon the weighted-average shares outstanding during the period. Basic and diluted 
earnings per share are the same for all periods presented. 

Accounting Standards Recently Adopted 
On January 1, 2020, Seaboard adopted guidance requiring the use of a new current expected credit loss model to determine 
the allowance for credit losses for receivables, among other financial instruments. This model estimates the lifetime of 
expected  credit  loss  and  replaces  the  existing  incurred  loss  model.  As  a  result  of  this  adoption,  Seaboard  recorded  a 
cumulative-effect  adjustment  of  $3 million  on January  1,  2020 that  decreased  retained  earnings  and  increased  the 
allowance for credit losses.  

Note 2 − Investments 
The following is a summary of the estimated fair value of short-term investments classified as trading securities:  

(Millions of dollars) 
Domestic equity securities 
Domestic debt securities  
Foreign equity securities 
Foreign debt securities  
Money market funds held in trading accounts 
Other trading securities 
Total trading short-term investments 

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

 433 
 399 
 169 
 66 
 12 
 7 
 1,086 

$ 

$ 

 472  
 542  
 193  
 133  
 59  
 17  
 1,416  

$ 

$ 

The  unrealized  gains  (losses)  related  to  trading  securities  still  held  at  the  end  of  the  respective  reporting  period  was 
($129) million,  $12  million  and  $74  million  for  the  years  ended  December 31, 2022,  2021  and  2020,  respectively. 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Seaboard  had  $16 million  and  $46  million  of  short-term  investments  denominated  in  foreign  currencies  as  of 
December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  

Seaboard had long-term investments of $185 million and $156 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, 
classified in other non-current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. These investments are in a business development 
company (“BDC”), real estate and renewable-energy facilities. The BDC investment is included in the fair value hierarchy 
table in Note 10 and the other investments are primarily accounted for under the equity method of accounting with any 
gains (losses) recorded in other investment income (loss).  

Note 3 − Inventories 
The following table is a summary of inventories: 

(Millions of dollars) 
At lower of FIFO cost and NRV: 

Hogs and materials 
Pork products and materials 
Grains, oilseeds and other commodities 
Biofuels and related credits 
Other 

Total inventories at lower of FIFO cost and NRV 
Grain, flour and feed at lower of weighted average cost and NRV 
Total inventories  

Note 4 − Property, Plant and Equipment 
The following table is a summary of property, plant and equipment: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Land and improvements 
Buildings and improvements 
Machinery and equipment 
Vessels and vehicles 
Office furniture and fixtures 
Contract growers 
Construction in progress 
Total property, plant and equipment 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization 
Net property, plant and equipment 

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

  $ 

  $ 

 538  
 75  
 475  
 221  
 104  
 1,413  
 257  
 1,670  

  $ 

  $ 

 489  
 64  
 634  
 147  
 92  
 1,426  
 237  
 1,663  

  Useful 
Lives 
   3  - 15 years   $ 
 30 years  
   3  - 20 years  
   3  - 18 years  
 5  years  
  5  - 15 years  

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

 331   $ 
 779  
 2,027  
 373  
 43  
 151  
 286  
 3,990  
    (1,744) 

 285  
 739  
 1,445  
 214  
 45  
 118  
 613  
 3,459  
   (1,567)  
 1,892  

  $ 

 2,246   $ 

Seaboard’s  capitalized  interest  on  construction  in  progress  was  $4  million  and  $7  million  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. 

Note 5 − Leases 
Seaboard leases ports, vessels, contract grower assets, and to a lesser extent, land, buildings and machinery and equipment. 
Seaboard’s non-lease components are primarily for services related to labor associated with crew services on vessel charter 
arrangements and caring for hogs in its contract grower agreements. 

Seaboard’s  operating  lease  assets  and  liabilities  are  reported  separately  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheets.  The 
classifications of Seaboard’s finance leases in the consolidated balance sheets were as follows: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Finance lease right of use assets, net  
Finance lease liabilities 
Non-current finance lease liabilities  

Property, plant and equipment, net 
Other current liabilities 
Other liabilities 

$ 

2022 

  2021   
 128  
 23  
 104  

 198  $ 
 56  
 143 

Lease  cost  is  included  in  various  line  items  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  comprehensive  income  or  capitalized  to 
inventory. Operating lease cost and short-term lease cost are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Finance 
lease cost is recognized based on the effective interest method for the lease liability and straight-line amortization of the 
ROU asset. Variable lease payments are recognized when the circumstance on which those payments are assessed occurs. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
  
      
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The components of lease cost were as follows for the years ended December 31: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Operating lease cost 
Finance lease cost: 

Amortization of right of use assets 
Interest on lease liabilities 

Variable lease cost (a) 
Short-term lease cost (b) 
Sublease income 
Total lease cost 

2022 

2021 

2020 

$ 

 184   $ 

 162   $ 

 46  
 6  
 18  
 13  
 (6) 
 261   $ 

 17  
 5  
 20  
 27  
 (8) 
 223   $ 

$ 

 145  

 9  
 4  
 8  
 25  
 (6) 
 185  

(a)     Includes throughput of cargo containers in excess of minimums and changes in indexed charter-hire rates.  
(b)     Short-term term leases are primarily for cargo containers and vessels.  

Weighted-average lease terms and discount rates were as follows as of December 31, 2022 and 2021: 

Weighted-average remaining term (in years) 
Weighted-average discount rate 

  Operating Leases 
2021 

2022 

5  
6.13%  

4  
5.37%  

Finance Leases 
2021 
2022 

5  
3.44%  

7  
4.16%  

Maturities of lease liabilities as of December 31, 2022 were as follows:  

(Millions of dollars) 
2023 
2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 
Thereafter 
Total undiscounted lease payments 
Less imputed interest 
Total lease liability 

Operating 
Leases 

Finance 
Leases 

 175   $ 
 101  
 69  
 62  
 48  
 108  
 563    
 (89)   
 474   $ 

 61  
 55  
 32  
 18  
 12  
 45  
 223  
 (24) 
 199  

$ 

$ 

The  following  table  includes  supplemental  cash  and  non-cash  information  related  to  leases.  Seaboard  reports  the 
amortization  of  ROU  assets  and  changes  in  operating  lease  liabilities  in  other  liabilities,  exclusive  of  debt  in  the 
consolidated statements of cash flows.  

(Millions of dollars) 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:    
 $

Operating cash flows from operating leases 
Operating cash flows from finance leases 
Financing cash flows from finance leases 

ROU assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities: 

Operating leases 
Finance leases 

 $

2022 

December 31, 
2021 

2020 

 194  $
 6   
 44   

 118  $
 116   

 166  $ 
 5   
 14   

 244  $ 
 54   

142  
4  
7  

62  
50  

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
    
  
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
    
    
 
  
  
    
    
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
Note 6 – Investments in Affiliates 
Seaboard has investments in several non-consolidated affiliates to further its business strategies and partner with other 
entities that have expertise in certain industries and countries. These investments are all accounted for using the equity 
method of accounting.  

(Millions of dollars) 
Pork 
CT&M 
Marine 
Sugar and Alcohol 
Power 
Turkey 
Segment/Consolidated Totals 

Investments in and 
  Advances to Affiliates  
December 31, 

2022 

2021 

 $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 152 
 210  
 36  
 2  
 3  
 350  
 753   $ 

 142  
 224  
 33  
 4  
 3  
 245  
 651  

Related-party transactions with these non-consolidated affiliates were as follows: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Product sales to related parties 
Service revenue to related parties 

$ 

$ 

  $ 
  $ 

Income (Loss)   
from Affiliates 
Years ended December 31, 

2022 

      2021 
  $ 

      2020 
  $ 

 24 
 21  
 4  
 —  
 —  
 103  
 152   $ 

 3 
 18  
 6  
 —  
 —  
 (20) 

 7   $ 

 (9)  
 (2) 
 2  
 1  
 —  
 (10) 
 (18) 

December 31, 
       2021 

       2020 

 1,396    $ 
 20   $ 

 1,125  
 21  

2022 
 1,463    $ 
 20   $ 

Purchases from related parties included in Cost of Sales(a) 

  $ 

 91    $ 

 —    $ 

 —  

(a)  As  Seaboard  conducts  its  agricultural  commodity  trading  business  with  third  parties,  consolidated  subsidiaries  and 
non-consolidated affiliates on an interrelated basis, cost of sales on affiliates cannot be distinguished without making 
numerous assumptions, primarily with respect to mark-to-market accounting for commodity derivatives. 

Seaboard had $195 million and $128 million of receivables due from affiliates primarily related to product sales as of 
December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Also, Seaboard had $2 million and $1 million of payables due to affiliates 
primarily related to purchases of inventory at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Deferred revenue from affiliates 
of  $12  million  and  $24  million  at  December 31, 2022  and  2021,  respectively,  represents  advance  payments  on  future 
shipments  of  commodities  in  the  CT&M  segment.  There  were  notes  receivables  due  from  affiliates  outstanding  of 
$2 million and $1 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  

The Pork segment has noncontrolling joint ventures in Seaboard Triumph Foods, LLC (“STF”) (50%), which operates a 
pork processing plant, Daily’s Premium Meats, LLC (“Daily’s”) (50%), which produces raw and pre-cooked bacon, and 
Seaboard de Mexico USA LLC (“Seaboard de Mexico”) (50%), which bones hams. Seaboard’s Pork segment supplies 
raw materials to Daily’s, STF and Seaboard de Mexico for processing and also provides marketing services to Daily’s and 
STF for its pork products. STF supplies feedstock for the Pork segment’s renewable diesel operations. On January 1, 2022, 
Seaboard sold a 50% interest in Seaboard de Mexico to Triumph Foods, LLC, a partner in the Pork segment’s other joint 
ventures, for  cash  proceeds of  approximately $9 million,  net  of  cash  sold. As  a result  of  this  transaction, Seaboard de 
Mexico  was  deconsolidated  and  a  $6 million  gain  on  sale  was  recognized  in  Miscellaneous,  net.  Combined  financial 
information for the Pork segment’s non-consolidated affiliates was as follows: 

Pork Segment 
(Millions of dollars) 
Net sales 
Net income (loss) 
Total assets 
Total liabilities 
Total equity 

  2022 

December 31, 
2021 
 2,010   $ 
 5   $ 
 584   $ 
 302   $ 
 282   $ 

 2,417   $ 
 48   $ 
 615   $ 
 312   $ 
 303   $ 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

2020 
 1,543 
 (18)
 586 
 245 
 341 

The CT&M segment has noncontrolling interests in foreign businesses conducting flour, maize and feed milling, baking 
operations,  poultry  production  and  processing,  and  agricultural  commodity  trading.  The  CT&M  segment  supplies 
commodities to the majority of its milling affiliates. As of December 31, 2022, the location and percentage ownership of 
CT&M’s  affiliates  were  as  follows:  Botswana  (50%),  Democratic  Republic  of  Congo  (50%),  Gambia  (50%),  Kenya 
(18.47%-49%), Lesotho (50%), Mauritania (50%), Morocco (15.13%-17.71%), Nigeria (25%-48.33%), Senegal (49%), 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
   
   
 
South Africa (50%), Tanzania (11.76%-49%), Uganda (23.5%-49%) and Zambia (49%) in Africa; Colombia (40%-42%), 
Ecuador  (25%-50%),  Guyana  (50%),  and  Peru  (50%)  in  South  America;  Jamaica  (50%)  and  Haiti  (23.33%)  in  the 
Caribbean; Turkey (25%) in Europe; and Canada (45%) and the U.S. (20%) in North America. As of December 31, 2022, 
the CT&M segment’s carrying value of certain investments in affiliates was more than its share of the affiliates’ book 
value by $49 million. The excess is attributable primarily to the valuation of property, plant and equipment and intangible 
assets, with basis adjustments amortized to income (loss) from affiliates over the remaining life of the assets. During the 
second quarter of 2022, this segment sold a 20% interest in its North American protein and commodity trading company 
to the majority owner for cash proceeds of $12 million. Combined financial information for the CT&M segment’s non-
consolidated affiliates was as follows: 

CT&M Segment 
(Millions of dollars) 
Net sales 
Net income (loss) 
Total assets 
Total liabilities 
Total equity 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

December 31, 
       2021 

2022 
 3,186    $ 
 40    $ 
 1,848    $ 
 1,250    $ 
 598    $ 

       2020 
 2,482 
 (2)
 1,745 
 1,185 
 560 

 2,766    $ 
 47    $ 
 1,798    $ 
 1,199    $ 
 599    $ 

The Marine segment has noncontrolling interests in foreign businesses that primarily own cargo terminal operations in the 
Caribbean  (16.87%-  21.02%)  which  provide  terminal  and  stevedoring  services  to  the  Marine  segment.  As  of 
December 31, 2022, the Marine segment’s carrying value of certain investments in affiliates was less than its share of the 
affiliates’  book  value  by  $40 million.  The  difference  is  attributable  primarily  to  the  valuation  of  property,  plant  and 
equipment and impairments taken by Seaboard, but not the respective entity, with basis adjustments amortized to income 
(loss) from affiliates over the remaining life of the assets. Combined financial information for the Marine segment’s non-
consolidated affiliates was as follows: 

Marine Segment 
(Millions of dollars) 
Net sales 
Net income  
Total assets 
Total liabilities 
Total equity 

  2022 

December 31, 
2021 

2020 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

 82   $ 
 21   $ 
 256   $ 
 61   $ 
 195   $ 

 74   $ 
 27   $ 
 245   $ 
 88   $ 
 157   $ 

 66 
 8 
 253 
 98 
 155 

The  Sugar  and  Alcohol  segment  has  noncontrolling  interests  in  two  sugar-related  businesses  in  Argentina  (50%). 
Combined financial information for the Sugar and Alcohol segment’s non-consolidated affiliates was as follows: 

Sugar and Alcohol Segment 
(Millions of dollars) 
Net sales 
Net income 
Total assets 
Total liabilities 
Total equity 

December 31, 
       2021 

2022 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

 8    $ 
 —    $ 
 6    $ 
 2    $ 
 4    $ 

       2020 
 7 
 1 
 14 
 2 
 12 

 6    $ 
 —    $ 
 8    $ 
 1    $ 
 7    $ 

The Power segment has noncontrolling interests in two energy-related businesses in the Dominican Republic (45% and 
50%). Combined financial information for the Power segment’s non-consolidated affiliates was as follows: 

Power Segment 
(Millions of dollars) 
Net sales 
Net income 
Total assets 
Total liabilities 
Total equity 

December 31, 
       2021 

2022 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

 1    $ 
 —    $ 
 9    $ 
 3    $ 
 6    $ 

       2020 
 1 
 — 
 12 
 6 
 6 

 1    $ 
 1    $ 
 12    $ 
 5    $ 
 7    $ 

The Turkey segment represents Seaboard’s noncontrolling interest in Butterball. Since 2010, Seaboard has held warrants, 
which upon exercise for a nominal price enabled Seaboard to acquire an additional 5% equity interest in Butterball. The 
warrants qualified for equity treatment under GAAP and were classified as investments in and advances to affiliates in the 
consolidated balance sheets. The warrant agreement essentially provided Seaboard with a 52.5% economic interest and 
therefore  Seaboard  has  historically  recorded  52.5%  of  Butterball’s  earnings  as  income  (loss)  from  affiliates  in  the 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
consolidated statements of comprehensive income. During 2022, Seaboard exercised the warrants resulting in no impact 
to the financial statements. All significant corporate governance matters upon exercise remained equally shared between 
Seaboard and its partner in Butterball and Seaboard did not acquire any new consequential rights upon exercise of the 
warrants. Within total assets, Butterball had trade name intangible assets of $111 million and goodwill of $61 million as 
of December 31, 2022. Butterball’s financial information was as follows: 

Turkey Segment 
(Millions of dollars) 
Net sales 
Operating income (loss) 
Net income (loss) 
Total assets 
Total liabilities 
Total equity 

2022 

       2020 

December 31, 
       2021 
  $   2,050    $   1,792    $   1,675  
 (6) 
  $ 
 202   $ 
 (20) 
 196    $ 
  $ 
 993  
  $   1,081    $ 
 481  
 406    $ 
  $ 
 512  
 675    $ 
  $ 

 (34)  $ 
 (38)   $ 
 991    $ 
 517    $ 
 474    $ 

Note 7 − Debt 
Lines of Credit 
The outstanding balances under uncommitted lines of credit were $326 million and $359 million as of December 31, 2022 
and 2021, respectively. Of the outstanding balance as of December 31, 2022, $194 million was denominated in foreign 
currencies, with $174 million denominated in the South African rand. Of the outstanding balance as of December 31, 2021, 
$218  million  was  denominated  in  foreign  currencies,  with  $177  million  denominated  in  the  South  African  rand.  The 
uncommitted lines of credit are unsecured and do not require compensating balances with the exception of $3 million as 
of December 31, 2022. 

As of December 31, 2022, Seaboard had a committed $250 million line of credit secured by certain short-term investments 
maturing March 31, 2023. In 2022, Seaboard amended this committed line of credit agreement to extend the maturity date 
and change the interest reference rate from LIBOR to SOFR (Secured Overnight Financing Rate). Draws bear interest 
based on SOFR plus a spread. There was $131 million and $157 million outstanding under this committed line of credit 
as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.  

The weighted average interest rate for outstanding lines of credit was 7.03% and 2.71% as of December 31, 2022 and 
2021, respectively. 

Long-term Debt 
The following table is a summary of long-term debt: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Term Loan due 2028 
Foreign subsidiary obligations  
Other long-term debt 
Total debt at face value 
Current maturities and unamortized discount and costs 
Long-term debt, less current maturities and unamortized discount and costs   $ 

  $ 

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

 670   $ 
 2  
 38  
 710  
 (8) 
 702   $ 

 677  
 1  
 39  
 717  
 (9) 
 708  

In 2018, Seaboard Foods LLC entered into an Amended and Restated Term Loan Credit Agreement (“Credit Agreement”) 
with CoBank, ACB, Farm Credit Services of America, PCA, and the lenders party thereto for a $700 million unsecured 
term  loan  (“Term  Loan”).  The  Term  Loan  provides  for  quarterly  payments  of  the  principal  balance  to  the  revised 
amortization schedule set forth in the Credit Agreement, with the balance due on the maturity date of September 25, 2028. 
The Term Loan bears interest at fluctuating rates based on various margins over a Base Rate, LIBOR or a Quoted Rate, at 
the option of the borrower. The interest rate was 6.01% and 1.73% as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The 
Credit Agreement contains customary covenants for credit facilities of this type, including restrictions on the incurrence 
of  indebtedness  over  a  certain  threshold,  ability  to  make  certain  acquisitions,  investments  and  asset  dispositions  and 
aggregate dividend payments. 

In  conjunction  with  the  purchase  of  certain  equipment  during  2021,  $9  million  of  secured,  other  long-term  debt  was 
assumed.  The  loan  agreement  incurs  a  fixed  interest  rate  of  5.60%  and  matures  in  August  2037.  In  December  2020, 
Seaboard received a $30 million note that incurs a fixed interest rate of 1.28% and matures in 2027. 

Seaboard was in compliance with all restrictive debt covenants relating to these agreements as of December 31, 2022.  

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  aggregate  minimum  principal  payments  required  on  long-term  debt  as  of  December 31, 2022  were  as  follows: 
$7 million in 2023, $8 million in 2024, $8 million in 2025, $8 million in 2026, $38 million in 2027 and $641 million 
thereafter. 

Note 8 − Commitments and Contingencies 
Legal Proceedings 
Helms-Burton Act Litigation 
On July 21, 2021, a lawsuit was filed by an individual, Odette Blanco de Fernandez (“Ms. de Fernandez”), and the heirs 
(“Inheritors”) and estates (“Estates”) of four of her siblings (Ms. de Fernandez, together with the Inheritors and the Estates 
being referred to as the “Plaintiffs”) against Seaboard Corporation in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware 
(the “Delaware District Court”), making claims under Title III of the Cuban Liberty and Solidarity Act of 1996, also known 
as the Helms-Burton Act (the “Act”). The same Plaintiffs filed a separate lawsuit against Seaboard Marine Ltd. (“Seaboard 
Marine”)  on  December  20,  2020,  in  the  U.S.  District  Court  for  the  Southern  District  of  Florida  (the  “Florida  District 
Court”).  

The Act provides that any person who knowingly and intentionally “traffics” in property which was confiscated by the 
Cuban government may be liable to any U.S. national who acquires an ownership interest in such property for money 
damages in an amount equal to the greater of the current fair market value of the property or the value of the property 
when confiscated, plus interest from the date of confiscation, reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs, and treble damages 
under certain circumstances. The complaint in each of the cases alleges that the Plaintiffs acquired ownership interests to 
a 70-year concession to develop port facilities at Mariel Bay, Cuba, and ownership of surrounding land, and that these and 
other property rights were confiscated by the Cuban government in 1960. The complaints further allege that Seaboard 
Corporation and Seaboard Marine knowingly and intentionally “trafficked” in the confiscated property within the meaning 
of the Act by carrying and/or directing cargo to the Port of Mariel.  

The Florida District Court in the Seaboard Marine case dismissed the claims of the Inheritors and the Estates because they 
did  not  acquire  the  ownership  claims  prior  to  March  1996,  as  required  by  the  Act.  The  remaining  plaintiff,  Ms.  de 
Fernandez, contends she owns 20% of the companies that were granted the concession and owned land in or around Mariel 
Bay, Cuba. On August 19, 2022, the Florida District Court granted Seaboard Marine’s Motion for Summary Judgement 
and  entered  a  Final  Judgment  in  favor  of  Seaboard  Marine.  On  September  1,  2022,  the  Plaintiffs  appealed  the  Final 
Judgment to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. The Plaintiffs’ appeal is pending.  

As  to  the  suit  against  Seaboard  Corporation,  on  October  21,  2021,  the  Plaintiffs  filed  an  amended  complaint  which 
principally  added  allegations  that  there  were  other  callings  made  by  Seaboard  Marine  at  the  Port  of  Mariel  and  that 
Seaboard Corporation engaged in a pattern of doing business with individuals and entities in contravention of U.S. foreign 
policy. Seaboard Corporation filed a Motion to Dismiss which is pending. On September 28, 2022, the Delaware District 
Court  stayed  this  lawsuit  against  Seaboard  Corporation  until  30  days  after  the  outcome  of  the  appeal  in  the  Seaboard 
Marine case.  

The operative complaints in each lawsuit seek unspecified damages (including treble damages) and pre-filing interest as 
provided in the Act; pre-judgment interest; attorneys’ fees, costs and expenses; and such other relief as is just and proper. 
Seaboard Corporation and Seaboard Marine have meritorious defenses to the claims alleged in these matters and intend to 
vigorously  defend  these  matters.  It  is  impossible  at  this  stage  either  to  determine  the  probability  of  a  favorable  or 
unfavorable outcome resulting from either of these suits, or to reasonably estimate the amount of potential loss or range 
of potential loss, if any, resulting from the suits. However, the outcome of litigation is inherently unpredictable and subject 
to significant uncertainties, and if unfavorable, could result in a material liability. 

Pork Price-Fixing Antitrust Litigation 
On June 28, 2018, twelve indirect purchasers of pork products filed a class action complaint in the U.S. District Court for 
the District of Minnesota (the “Minnesota District Court”) against several pork processors, including Seaboard Foods LLC 
and Agri Stats, Inc., a company described in the complaint as a data sharing service. The complaint also named Seaboard 
Corporation as a defendant. Additional class action complaints with similar claims on behalf of putative classes of direct 
and indirect purchasers were later filed in the Minnesota District Court, and three additional actions by standalone plaintiffs 
(including  the  Commonwealth  of  Puerto  Rico)  were  filed  in  or  transferred  to  the  Minnesota  District  Court.  The 
consolidated actions are styled In re Pork Antitrust Litigation. The operative complaints allege, among other things, that 
beginning in January 2009, the defendants conspired and combined to fix, raise, maintain, and stabilize the price of pork 
products in violation of U.S. antitrust laws by coordinating output and limiting production, allegedly facilitated by the 
exchange  of  non-public  information  about  prices,  capacity,  sales  volume  and  demand  through  Agri  Stats,  Inc.  The 
complaints on behalf of the putative classes of indirect purchasers also assert claims under various state laws, including 

43 

 
 
 
state antitrust laws, unfair competition laws, consumer protection statutes, and common law unjust enrichment. The relief 
sought in the respective complaints includes treble damages, injunctive relief, pre- and post-judgment interest, costs and 
attorneys’ fees. On October 16, 2020, the Minnesota District Court denied defendants’ motions to dismiss the amended 
complaints, but the Minnesota District Court later dismissed all claims against Seaboard Corporation without prejudice. 

In  2021  and  2022,  additional  standalone  plaintiffs  filed  similar  actions  in  other  federal  courts  throughout  the  country, 
several of which name Seaboard Corporation as a defendant. These actions have been or are expected to be conditionally 
transferred to Minnesota for pretrial proceedings pursuant to an order by the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation. 
Also in 2021, the states of New Mexico and Alaska filed civil cases in state court against substantially the same defendants, 
including Seaboard Foods LLC and Seaboard Corporation, based on substantially similar allegations. 

Seaboard believes that it has meritorious defenses to the claims alleged in these matters and intends to vigorously defend 
these  matters.  It  is  impossible  at  this  stage  either  to  determine  the  probability  of  a  favorable  or  unfavorable  outcome 
resulting from these suits, or to reasonably estimate the amount of potential loss or range of potential loss, if any, resulting 
from the suits. 

Pork Compensation Antitrust Litigation 
On November 11, 2022, three employees of pork or beef processing plants filed a class action complaint in the U.S. District 
Court for the District of Colorado, individually and on behalf of all other employees at such plants (the “Class”), against 
several  pork  and  beef  processors  and  their  subsidiaries  and  related  companies,  including  Seaboard  Foods  LLC 
(“Defendants”). The complaint alleges, among other things, that beginning in January 2014, the Defendants conspired in 
violation of anti-trust laws to fix and depress the compensation paid to the Class by, among other things, participating in 
third-party compensation surveys and exchanging wage-related information through a third-party benchmarking service.  
The relief sought includes treble damages, injunctive relief, pre- and post-judgment interest, costs and attorneys’ fees. 

Seaboard believes that it has meritorious defenses to the claims and intends to vigorously defend them. It is impossible at 
this stage either to determine the probability of a favorable or unfavorable outcome resulting from the suit, or to reasonably 
estimate the amount of potential loss or range of potential loss, if any, resulting from the suit. 

Cereoil and Nolston Litigation 
On  March  20,  2018,  the  bankruptcy  trustee  (the  “Trustee”)  for  Cereoil  Uruguay  S.A.  (“Cereoil”)  filed  a  suit  in  the 
Bankruptcy  Court  of  First  Instance  in  Uruguay  that  was  served  during  the  second  quarter  of  2018,  naming  as  parties 
Seaboard  Corporation  and  its  subsidiaries,  Seaboard  Overseas  Limited  (“SOL”)  and  Seaboard  Uruguay  Holdings  Ltd. 
(“Seaboard Uruguay”). Seaboard Corporation has a 45% indirect ownership of Cereoil. The suit seeks an order requiring 
Seaboard  Corporation,  SOL  and  Seaboard  Uruguay  to  reimburse  Cereoil  the  amount  of  $22  million,  contending  that 
deliveries of soybeans to SOL pursuant to purchase agreements should be set aside as fraudulent conveyances. Seaboard 
believes that it has meritorious defenses to the claims alleged in this matter and intends to vigorously defend this matter. 
It is impossible at this stage to determine the probability of a favorable or unfavorable outcome resulting from this suit. In 
the event of an adverse ruling, Seaboard and its two subsidiaries could be ordered to pay the amount of $22 million plus 
interest. Any award in this case would offset against any award in the additional case described below filed by the Trustee 
on April 27, 2018. 

On April 27, 2018, the Trustee filed an additional suit in the Bankruptcy Court of First Instance in Uruguay that was served 
during  the  second  quarter  of  2018,  naming  as  parties  Seaboard  Corporation,  SOL,  Seaboard  Uruguay,  all  directors  of 
Cereoil, including two individuals employed by Seaboard who served as directors at the behest of Seaboard, and the Chief 
Financial Officer of Cereoil, an employee of Seaboard who also served at the behest of Seaboard (collectively, the “Cereoil 
Defendants”).  The  Trustee  contends  that  the  Cereoil  Defendants  acted  with  willful  misconduct  to  cause  Cereoil’s 
insolvency,  and  thus  should  be  ordered  to  pay  all  liabilities  of  Cereoil,  net  of  assets.  The  bankruptcy  filing  lists  total 
liabilities of $53 million and assets of $30 million. Seaboard believes that it has meritorious defenses to the claims alleged 
in this matter and intends to vigorously defend this matter. It is impossible at this stage to determine the probability of a 
favorable or unfavorable outcome resulting from this suit. In the event of an adverse ruling, Seaboard Corporation and the 
other  Cereoil  Defendants  could  be  ordered  to  pay  the  amount  of  the  net  indebtedness  of  Cereoil,  which  based  on  the 
bankruptcy schedules would total $23 million. It is possible that the net indebtedness could be higher than this amount if 
Cereoil’s liabilities are greater than $53 million and/or Cereoil’s assets are worth less than $30 million. 

In addition, in the event of an adverse ruling, the Bankruptcy Court of First Instance could order payment of the Trustee’s 
professional fees, interest, and other expenses. Any award in this case would offset against any award in the case described 
above filed on March 20, 2018. 

On September 30, 2021, HSBC Bank (Uruguay) SA (“HSBC”), a creditor in the Cereoil bankruptcy proceeding pending 
in Uruguay, filed a suit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Kansas (the “Kansas District Court”) against Seaboard 

44 

 
 
Corporation alleging claims for breach of contract, promissory estoppel, breach of the duty of good faith and fair dealing, 
unjust  enrichment,  fraud,  negligent  misrepresentation  and  fraud  by  concealment  based  upon  a  comfort  letter,  alleged 
statements by Cereoil personnel (including the Chief Financial Officer serving at the behest of Seaboard), and the same 
grain transactions that the Trustee challenges as fraudulent conveyances in the Cereoil bankruptcy in Uruguay discussed 
above. HSBC seeks $10 million plus interest and other relief in excess of $3 million. In March 2022, Seaboard filed a 
motion to dismiss HSBC’s claims on various grounds. On September 23, 2022, the Kansas District Court dismissed six of 
HSBC’s seven claims. Three of those claims, for fraud, negligent misrepresentation and fraud by concealment, can be re 
filed by HSBC in Uruguay. The other three claims, for breach of contract, breach of the duty of good faith and fair dealing 
and unjust enrichment, were dismissed with prejudice and cannot be re-filed unless HSBC successfully appeals the Kansas 
District Court order. The one claim not dismissed in this matter is for promissory estoppel. Seaboard believes that it has 
meritorious  defenses  to  this  claim  and  intends  to  vigorously  defend  it.  Due  to  the  early  stage  of  the  proceeding,  it  is 
impossible to determine the probability of a favorable or unfavorable outcome resulting from this remaining claim. 

On May 15, 2018, the Trustee for Nolston S.A. (“Nolston”) filed a suit in the Bankruptcy Court of First Instance in Uruguay 
that was served during the second quarter of 2018, naming as parties Seaboard and the other Cereoil Defendants. Seaboard 
has a 45% indirect ownership of Nolston. The Trustee contends that the Cereoil Defendants acted with willful misconduct 
to cause Nolston’s insolvency, and thus should be ordered to pay all liabilities of Nolston, net of assets. The bankruptcy 
filing lists total liabilities of $29 million and assets of $15 million. Seaboard believes that it has meritorious defenses to 
the claims alleged in this matter and intends to vigorously defend this matter. It is impossible at this stage to determine the 
probability of a favorable or unfavorable outcome resulting from this suit. In the event of an adverse ruling, Seaboard and 
the other Cereoil Defendants could be ordered to pay the amount of the net indebtedness of Nolston, which based on the 
bankruptcy  schedules,  asset  sales  and  removal  of  duplicative  claims,  is  estimated  to  be  approximately  $8  million.  In 
addition, in the event of an adverse ruling, the Bankruptcy Court of First Instance could order payment of the Trustee’s 
professional fees, interest, and other expenses. 

General 
Seaboard is subject to various administrative and judicial proceedings and other legal matters related to the normal conduct 
of its business. The ultimate resolution of these items is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the consolidated 
financial statements of Seaboard. Costs for litigating claims are expensed as incurred. 

Guarantees 
Certain of Seaboard’s non-consolidated affiliates have debt supporting their underlying operations. From time to time, 
Seaboard  will  provide  guarantees  of  such  debt  in  order  to  further  Seaboard’s  business  objectives.  As  of 
December 31, 2022,  guarantees  outstanding  were  not  material.  Seaboard  has  not  accrued  a  liability  for  any  of  the 
guarantees as management considers the likelihood of loss to be remote.  

Commitments 
As of December 31, 2022, Seaboard had various non-cancelable commitments under contractual agreements: 

Years ended December 31, 

(Millions of dollars) 
Hog procurement contracts (a) 
Grain and feedstock commitments (b) 
Grain purchase contracts for resale (c) 
Fuel supply contracts (d) 
Capital expenditures (e) 
Other commitments 
Total unrecognized non-cancelable commitments 

     2023       2024      2025      2026      2027   Thereafter      Totals 
 —   $  242 
  $
 740 
 —  
 843 
 —  
 863 
 369  
 377 
 —  
 143 
 9  
 378   $ 3,208 
(a)  The Pork segment has contracted with third parties for the purchase of hogs to support its operations. The amounts 

 86   $   57   $  57   $  42   $   —  $ 
    —    
 4  
   —  
 —  
    98    
 98  
   —  
 98  
 1    
 1  
  $ 1,879   $  450   $ 258   $ 144   $   99  $ 

   152  
 1  
    87  
  152  
 1  

 581  
 842  
 113  
 127  
 130  

 3  
 —  
 98  
 —  
 1  

are based on projected market prices as of December 31, 2022.  

(b)  The Pork segment enters into grain purchase and feedstock contracts to support its operations. For variable costs, 

the amounts are based on projected commodity prices as of December 31, 2022.  

(c)  The  CT&M  segment  enters  into  grain  purchase  contracts,  primarily  to  support  firm  sales  commitments.  The 

amounts are fixed or based on projected commodity prices as of December 31, 2022. 

(d)  The Power segment has a natural gas supply contract for a significant portion of the fuel required for EDM III. 
Also, the Marine segment has a fuel supply agreement to purchase natural gas for the initial three vessels under 
construction. The variable price components are based on market prices as of December 31, 2022. 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
(e)  The capital expenditures are primarily for the Marine segment’s construction of six vessels with expected delivery 
of three in 2024 and three in 2025 and the Pork segment’s biogas recovery projects and other investments that 
are expected to be completed in 2023. The amounts are based on milestones per respective contracts. 

Note 9 − Employee Benefits 
Seaboard has qualified defined benefit pension plans for its domestic salaried and clerical employees that were hired before 
January 1, 2014. Benefits are generally based upon the number of years of service and a percentage of final average pay. 
Seaboard did not make any contributions in 2022, 2021 and 2020 and currently does not plan on making any contributions 
in 2023 to qualified plans.  

Seaboard  also  sponsors  non-qualified,  unfunded  supplemental  executive  plans.  Management  has  no  plans  to  provide 
funding for these supplemental executive plans in advance of when the benefits are paid. 

Pursuant to Seaboard’s investment policies for qualified pension plans, assets are invested to achieve a diversified target 
allocation of approximately 80% in equities and 20% in fixed-income securities. The investment strategy is periodically 
reviewed by management for adherence to policy and performance.  
The following tables show the qualified plans’ assets measured at estimated fair value as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, 
respectively, and the level within the fair value hierarchy used to measure each category of assets:  

(Millions of dollars) 
Assets: 

Domestic equity securities 
Foreign equity securities 
Domestic fixed income mutual funds 
Foreign fixed income mutual funds 
Money market funds 

Total assets 

(Millions of dollars) 
Assets: 

Domestic equity securities 
Foreign equity securities 
Domestic fixed income mutual funds 
Foreign fixed income mutual funds 
Money market funds 

Total assets 

 December 31,    
2022 

  Level 1   Level 2   Level 3 

  $ 

  $ 

 84   $ 
 60    
 26  
 11  
 1    
 182   $ 

 84   $ 
 60    
 26  
 11  
 1  
 182   $ 

 —   $ 
 —    
 —  
 —    
 —    
 —   $ 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

 December 31,    
2021 

  Level 1    Level 2   Level 3 

  $ 

  $ 

 113   $ 
 71     
 29     
 12     
 2     
 227   $ 

 113   $ 
 71     
 29     
 12     
 2     
 227   $ 

 —   $ 
 —     
 —     
 —     
 —     
 —   $ 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

Assumptions used in determining pension information for the qualified and nonqualified plans were: 

Years ended December 31, 
2021 

      2020 

2022 

Weighted average assumptions: 

Discount rate used to determine obligations 
Discount rate used to determine net periodic benefit cost 
Expected return on plan assets 
Long-term rate of increase in compensation levels 

5.30 - 5.40 %   1.20 - 2.90 %   0.70 - 2.60 % 
1.20 - 2.90 %   0.70 - 2.60 %   2.15 - 3.50 % 
 6.25 % 
    4.00 % 

 6.25 %   
 4.00 %   

 6.25 %   
 4.00 %   

Management  selected  the  discount  rates  based  on  a  model-based  result  where  the  timing  and  amount  of  cash  flows 
approximates the estimated payouts. The expected return on the qualified plans’ assets assumption is based on the weighted 
average of asset class expected returns that are consistent with the qualified plans’ asset allocation and related long-term 
projected returns. 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The aggregate changes in the benefit obligation and fair value of assets for the qualified and nonqualified plans and the 
funded status were as follows: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Reconciliation of benefit obligation: 

Benefit obligation at beginning of year 
Service cost 
Interest cost 
Actuarial gains 
Plan settlements 
Benefits paid 

Benefit obligation at end of year 
Reconciliation of fair value of plan assets: 

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year 
Actual return on plan assets 
Employer contributions 
Plan settlements 
Benefits paid 

Fair value of plan assets at end of year 
Funded status 

December 31, 

2022 
Accumulated 
benefits 
exceed 
assets 

2021 
Accumulated 
benefits 
exceed 
assets 

  $

  $

  $

  $
  $

 362  
 9  
 10  
 (97) 
 —  
 (8) 
 276  

 227  
 (38) 
 1  
 —  
 (8) 
 182  
 (94) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

 379  
 10  
 9  
 (10) 
 (19) 
 (7) 
 362  

 206  
 27  
 20  
 (19) 
 (7) 
 227  
 (135) 

The  benefit  obligation  decreased  primarily  due  to  higher  discount  rates.  The  accumulated  benefit  obligation  for  the 
qualified  and nonqualified plans  was  $247  million  and  $319 million  as  of  December 31, 2022  and 2021, respectively. 
Expected future benefit payments for the qualified and nonqualified plans during each of the next five years and the next 
five years thereafter were as follows: $44 million, $17 million, $11 million, $15 million, $14 million and $78 million, 
respectively.  

The net periodic benefit cost of these plans was as follows:  

(Millions of dollars) 
Components of net periodic benefit cost: 

Service cost 
Interest cost 
Expected return on plan assets 
Amortization 
Settlement loss recognized 

Net periodic benefit cost 

Years ended December 31, 

        2022 

      2021 

      2020 

  $ 

  $ 

 9   $ 
 10  
 (14) 
 6  
 —  
 11   $ 

 10   $ 
 9  
 (12) 
 9  
 6  
 22   $ 

 9  
 11  
 (11) 
 7  
 11  
 27  

The amounts not reflected in net periodic benefit cost and included in accumulated other comprehensive loss before taxes 
as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were $21 million and $71 million, respectively. Such amounts primarily represent the 
cumulative unrecognized net actuarial gains and losses that are generally amortized over the average remaining working 
lifetime of the active participants for all of these plans.  

Seaboard has defined contribution retirement programs for various groups of employees. Contribution expense for these 
programs was $9 million, $4 million and $4 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. 
The increase in costs in 2022 was primarily due to match changes for a production plan and an increase in the rate of 
matching contributions for another plan. 

Seaboard has deferred compensation plans that allow certain employees to reduce their compensation in exchange for 
values in various investments. One plan requires certain individuals to defer compensation over a specific threshold and 
another  plan,  which  no  longer  allows  contributions,  has  options  that  are  exercisable.  In  conjunction  with  these  plans, 
Seaboard purchases investments that are classified as trading securities and included in other current assets, and recognizes 
the amount payable to employees in other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Investments for Seaboard’s 
deferred  compensation  plans  were  $26  million  and  $29  million  as  of  December 31, 2022  and  2021,  respectively.  The 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
amount payable to employees was $23 million and $26 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Deferred 
compensation  plan  costs  recognized  in  selling,  general  and  administrative  expenses  are  offset  by  the  effect  of  the 
marked-to-market adjustments on investments recorded in other investment income (loss). 

Note 10 − Derivatives and Fair Value of Financial Instruments 
Seaboard’s assets and liabilities recognized at fair value on a recurring basis have been categorized based on a fair value 
hierarchy determined as follows: 

Level 1 — Observable inputs such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. 

Level 2  — Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly, including 
quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities 
in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. 

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market data and require the reporting entity to develop its 
assumptions. 

(Millions of dollars) 
Assets: 

Trading securities – short-term investments: 

Domestic equity securities 
Domestic debt securities  
Foreign equity securities 
Foreign debt securities 
Money market funds held in trading accounts 
Other trading securities 

Trading securities – other current assets 
Long-term investment - BDC 
Derivatives 

Total assets 
Liabilities: 

Contingent consideration 
Derivatives 
Total liabilities 

(Millions of dollars) 
Assets: 

Trading securities – short-term investments: 

Domestic debt securities 
Domestic equity securities  
Foreign equity securities 
Foreign debt securities 
Money market funds held in trading accounts 
Other trading securities 

Trading securities – other current assets 
Long-term investment - BDC 
Derivatives 

Total assets 
Liabilities: 

Contingent consideration 
Derivatives 
Total liabilities 

 December 31,    
2022 

  Level 1  Level 2  Level 3    

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 433   $ 
 399     
 169    
 66    
 12    
 7    
 26    
 63     
 26    
 1,201   $ 

 433   $ 
 162     
 169    
 —    
 12    
 —    
 25    
 —     
 26    
 827   $ 

 —   $ 
 237     
 —    
 66    
 —    
 7    
 1    
 63     
 —    
 374   $ 

 19   $ 
 12    
 31   $ 

 —   $ 
 2    
 2   $ 

 —   $ 
 10    
 10   $ 

 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  

 19  
 —  
 19  

 December 31,    
2021 

  Level 1  Level 2  Level 3    

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 542   $ 
 472    
 193    
 133    
 59    
 17     
 29    
 81     
 11    

 247   $ 
 472    
 193    
 2    
 59    
 —     
 28    
 —     
 6    
 1,537   $  1,007   $ 

 295   $ 
 —    
 —    
 131    
 —    
 17     
 1    
 —     
 5    
 449   $ 

 18   $ 
 10    
 28   $ 

 —   $ 
 5    
 5   $ 

 —   $ 
 5    
 5   $ 

 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 81  
 —  
 81  

 18  
 —  
 18  

Financial instruments consisting of cash and cash equivalents, net receivables, lines of credit and accounts payable are 
carried at cost, which approximates fair value, as a result of the short-term nature of the instruments. The fair value of 
short-term investments is measured using multiple levels. Debt securities categorized as level 1 in the fair value hierarchy 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
    
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
    
   
    
   
   
 
     
     
     
 
   
include debt securities held in mutual funds and ETFs. Domestic debt securities categorized as level 2 include corporate 
bonds,  mortgage-backed  securities,  asset-backed  securities,  U.S.  Treasuries  and  high-yield  securities.  Foreign  debt 
securities  categorized  as  level  2  include  foreign  government  or  government-related  securities,  corporate  bonds, 
asset-backed  securities  and  high-yield  securities  with  a  country-of-origin  concentration  outside  the  U.S.  The  trading 
securities classified as other current assets above are assets held for Seaboard’s deferred compensation plans. 

Seaboard has a  long-term  investment  in  a BDC  that  primarily  lends  to  and  invests  in debt  securities  of  privately  held 
companies. This long-term investment is valued at net asset value (“NAV”) but is subject to contractual sale restrictions 
pursuant  to  shareholder  arrangements.  During  the  third quarter of 2022,  Seaboard  adopted  recently  issued  GAAP  that 
clarifies  these  contractual  restrictions  should  not  be  considered  when  estimating  fair  value.  As  a  result,  the  BDC 
investment’s liquidity discount of $1 million was removed and prospectively, the instrument was reclassified as level 2 
rather than level 3.  

The fair value of long-term debt is estimated by comparing interest rates for debt with similar terms and maturities. As 
Seaboard’s long-term debt is mostly variable-rate, its carrying amount approximates fair value. If Seaboard’s long-term 
debt was measured at fair value on its consolidated balance sheets, it would have been classified as level 2 in the fair value 
hierarchy. See Note 7 for a discussion of Seaboard’s long-term debt.  

Seaboard’s contingent consideration, classified in other non-current liabilities, is related to a 2018 acquisition. The fair 
value is dependent on the probability of the acquiree achieving certain financial performance targets using earnings before 
interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) as a metric. The contingent consideration ranges between zero 
and $48 million payable between five and eight years following the closing, with timing at the discretion of the sellers. 
The fair value is classified as level 3 since the calculation is dependent upon projected company-specific inputs using a 
Monte Carlo simulation. Seaboard remeasures the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration liability until settled, 
with  adjustments  included  in  net  earnings  (loss).  The  increase  in  value  during  2022  was  related  to  higher  projected 
EBITDA at the measurement date. 

Derivatives 
Seaboard’s operations are exposed to market risks from changes in commodity prices, foreign currency exchange rates, 
interest rates and equity prices. Seaboard uses derivatives to manage commodity and foreign currency fluctuations. From 
time to time, Seaboard enters into interest rate swap agreements to manage the interest rate risk of certain variable rate 
long-term debt and enters into equity futures contracts to manage the equity price risk of certain short-term investments. 
While  management  believes  its  derivatives  are  primarily  economic  hedges,  Seaboard  does  not  perform  the  extensive 
record-keeping  required  to  account  for  these  types  of  transactions  as  hedges  for  accounting  purposes.  As  a  result, 
fluctuations  in  prices  and  rates  could  have  a  material  impact  on  earnings  in  any  given  reporting  period.  Credit  risks 
associated  with  derivative  contracts  are  not  significant  as  Seaboard  minimizes  counterparty  exposure  by  dealing  with 
credit-worthy  counterparties  and  uses  margin  accounts  for  some  accounts.  As  of  December 31, 2022,  the  maximum 
amount  of  credit  risk,  had  the  counterparties  failed  to  perform  according  to  the  terms  of  the  contract,  was  less  than 
$1 million. 

Commodity Instruments 
Seaboard uses various derivative futures and options to manage its risk to price fluctuations for raw materials and other 
inventories, finished product sales and firm sales commitments. Commodity derivatives are recorded at fair value, with 
any changes in fair value recognized as a component of cost of sales in the consolidated statements of comprehensive 
income. Seaboard had the following aggregated outstanding notional amounts: 

(Millions) 
Commodities: 

Grain 
Hogs 
Soybean oil 
Heating oil 

  Metric 

  Bushels 
  Pounds 
  Pounds 
  Gallons 

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

 8  
 16  
 26  
 —  

 1  
 —  
 20  
 15  

Foreign Currency Exchange Agreements 
Seaboard enters into foreign currency exchange agreements to manage the foreign currency exchange rate risk of certain 
transactions  denominated  in  foreign  currencies.  Foreign  currency  exchange  agreements  that  primarily  relate  to  an 
underlying commodity transaction are recorded at fair value with changes in value recognized as a component of cost of 
sales. Other foreign currency exchange agreements are recognized as a component of foreign currency gains (losses), net. 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As  of  December 31, 2022  and  2021,  Seaboard  had  foreign  currency  exchange  agreements  with  notional  amounts  of 
$190 million and $95 million, respectively, primarily related to the South African rand and euro.  

The following table provides the amount of gain (loss) recorded for each type of derivative and where it was recognized 
in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income:   

(Millions of dollars) 
Commodities 
Foreign currencies 
Foreign currencies 
Interest rate swaps 

   Cost of sales 
   Cost of sales 
   Foreign currency gains (losses), net 
  Interest expense 

  $ 

2022 

2021 

 (45)  $ 
 (17) 
 6  
 —  

 (20) 
 (2) 
 4  
 5  

The following table provides the fair value of each type of derivative held and where each derivative is included in the 
consolidated balance sheets:  

(Millions of dollars) 
Commodities 
Foreign currencies     Other current assets  

   Other current assets   $ 

Asset Derivatives 
  December 31,    December 31,  

2022 

2021 

Liability Derivatives 

  December 31,   December 31, 

2022 

2021 

 26   $ 
 —  

6     Other current liabilities   $ 
 5    Other current liabilities  

 2   $ 
 10  

5  
 5 

Seaboard’s commodity derivative assets and liabilities are presented in the consolidated balance sheets on a net basis, 
including netting the derivatives with the related margin accounts. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the commodity 
derivatives had a margin account balance of $3 million and $28 million, respectively, resulting in a net other current asset 
in the consolidated balance sheets of $27 million and $29 million, respectively.  

Note 11 − Stockholders’ Equity and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss 
Seaboard’s share repurchase program expired on October 31, 2020. Under this share repurchase program, Seaboard was 
authorized to repurchase its common stock from time to time. Seaboard repurchased 4,069 shares of common stock during 
2020 at a total price of $13 million. Shares repurchased were retired and became authorized and unissued shares.   

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCL”), net of related taxes, were as follows: 

      Cumulative 

Foreign 
Currency 
Translation 
Adjustment 

Cumulative 
Unrecognized 
Pension 
Cost 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 (369) 
 (7) 
 —  
 (7) 
 (376) 
 8  
 —   
 8  
 (368) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 (71) 
 (38) 
 14  (a)     
 (24) 
 (95) 
 18  
 13  (a)   
 31  
 (64) 

$ 

$ 

Total 

 (440)  
 (45)  
 14   
 (31)  
 (471) 
 26  
 13  
 39  
 (432) 

(Millions of dollars) 
Balance December 31, 2019 
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications 
Amounts reclassified from AOCL to net earnings 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax 
Balance December 31, 2020 
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications 
Amounts reclassified from AOCL to net earnings 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax 
Balance December 31, 2021 
Other comprehensive income (loss) before 
reclassifications 
Amounts reclassified from AOCL to net earnings 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 
Balance December 31, 2022 
(a) 

 (4) 
 14  
 10  
 (422) 
  This primarily represents the amortization of actuarial losses (gains) that were included in net periodic pension cost. 
See Note 9 for further discussion.  

 38  
 5  (a)   
 43  
 (21) 

 (33) 
 (401) 

 9  (b)   

 (42) 

  $ 

$ 

$ 

(b)    This  reclassification  adjustment  primarily  reflects  the  recognition  of  a  currency  translation  adjustment  upon  the 
disposition of a CT&M business in Brazil whose functional currency was the Brazilian real. Upon management’s 
commitment to a plan to dispose, substantially all of this adjustment was previously recognized as an impairment in 
cost of sales for the year ended December 31, 2021.  

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
     
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
    
     
     
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
The cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment primarily represents the effect of the Argentine peso currency 
exchange fluctuation on the net assets of the Sugar and Alcohol segment. The Sugar and Alcohol segment’s functional 
currency has been the U.S. dollar due to highly inflationary accounting since 2018. The adjustments for the years presented 
are  related  to  non-U.S.  dollar  functional  currencies  of  consolidated  subsidiaries  and  non-consolidated  affiliates  in  the 
CT&M segment.  

The cumulative unrecognized pension cost represents the unamortized net actuarial loss. Income taxes for the cumulative 
unrecognized pension cost component was recorded using a 25% effective tax rate, except for unrecognized pension cost 
of  $5  million,  $24 million  and  $34  million  in  2022,  2021  and  2020,  respectively,  related  to  employees  at  certain 
subsidiaries for which no tax benefit was recorded. 

Note 12 − Income Taxes 

Earnings before income taxes were as follows: 

(Millions of dollars) 
United States 
Foreign 
Total earnings before income taxes excluding noncontrolling interests 
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests 
Total earnings before income taxes 

The components of total income taxes were as follows: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Current: 
Federal 
Foreign 
State and local 

Deferred: 
Federal 
Foreign 
State and local 

Income tax expense (benefit) 
Unrealized changes in other comprehensive income (loss) 
Total income taxes 

Years ended December 31, 

2022 

      2021 

      2020 

  $ 

  $ 

 (205)  $ 
 782  
 577  
 2  
 579   $ 

 337   $ 
 298  
 635  
 1  
 636   $ 

 138 
 148 
 286 
 — 
 286 

Years ended December 31, 

2022 

      2021 

2020 

  $ 

  $ 

 54   $ 
 42  
 12  

 (94) 
 5  
 (22) 
 (3) 
 8  
 5   $ 

 35   $ 
 33  
 10  

 3  
 (7) 
 (9) 
 65  
 8  
 73   $ 

 (50)
 35 
 2 

 26 
 (3)
 (7)
 3 
 (3)
 — 

Income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 differed from the amounts computed by applying 
the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate of 21% to earnings before income taxes excluding noncontrolling interests for 
the following reasons: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Computed “expected” tax expense excluding noncontrolling interests 
Adjustments to tax expense attributable to: 

Years ended December 31, 

2022 

      2021 

      2020 

  $ 

 121   $ 

 133   $ 

 60  

Foreign tax differences 
Tax-exempt income 
Foreign entity repatriation 
Federal tax credits 
Unrecognized tax benefits 
Valuation allowance 
Other 

Total income tax expense (benefit) 

  $ 

 (60) 
 (17) 
 10  
 (57) 
 7  
 (7) 
 —  
 (3)  $ 

 (35) 
 (15) 
 —  
 (39) 
 14  
 6  
 1  
 65   $ 

 10  
 (17) 
 —  
 (34) 
 —  
 (14) 
 (2) 
 3  

Certain of Seaboard’s foreign operations are subject to no income tax or a tax rate that is lower than the U.S. corporate tax 
rate. Fluctuation of earnings or losses incurred from certain foreign operations conducting business in these jurisdictions 
impact the mix of taxable earnings.  

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tax-exempt income is primarily related to federal blender’s credits on the biodiesel that the Pork segment blends. As a 
result of these credits, Seaboard recognized non-taxable revenue of $79 million, $69 million and $79 million in net sales 
for  the  years  ended  December 31, 2022,  2021  and  2020,  respectively.  The  receivable  from  the  U.S.  government  was 
$53 million and $20 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, included in other receivables. The federal 
blender’s credits are available through 2024. 

Seaboard  has  certain  investments  in  various  entities  that  are  expected  to  enable  Seaboard  to  obtain  certain  federal 
investment  tax  credits.  During  2022,  Seaboard  invested  $52 million  in  a  solar  renewable  energy  project  in  Guam  and 
received $46 million of federal investment tax credits. Seaboard accounts for this solar investment using the flow-through 
method and recognized the impact of the investment tax credits in the period earned on a gross basis, with the charge 
related to the reduction of the investment recorded in other investment income (loss) offset by the benefit of the credits 
recorded in income tax benefit (expense). Also, Seaboard invested $11 million and $17 million during 2021 and 2020, 
respectively, in limited liability companies that operated refined coal processing plants that generated federal income tax 
credits based on production levels. These  alternative  long-term  investments,  accounted  for using  the equity  method  of 
accounting, generated in aggregate $46 million, $24 million and $22 million of investment tax credits for 2022, 2021 and 
2020, respectively. 

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, Seaboard had income taxes receivable of $54 million and $46 million, respectively, 
primarily related to domestic tax jurisdictions, and had income taxes payable of $18 million and $13 million, respectively, 
primarily related to foreign tax jurisdictions.  

Components of the net deferred income tax liability were as follows: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Deferred income tax liabilities: 

Depreciation 
Domestic partnerships 
Unrealized gain on investments 
Inventory 
Foreign basis difference 
Other 

Gross deferred income tax liabilities 
Deferred income tax assets: 

Reserves/accruals 
Sec. 174 capitalization 
Unrealized loss on investments 
Deferred earnings of foreign subsidiaries 
Net operating and capital loss carry-forwards 
Tax credit carry-forwards 
Other 

Gross deferred income tax assets before valuation allowance 
Less: Valuation allowance 
Net deferred income tax liability (asset) 

The activity within the valuation allowance account was as follows:  

(Millions of dollars) 
Allowance for Deferred Tax Assets: 
Year Ended December 31, 2022 
Year Ended December 31, 2021 
Year Ended December 31, 2020 

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

   $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 106    $ 
 59    
 —    
 14    
 13    
 2    
 194   $ 

 68   $ 
 75    
 40    
 3    
 28    
 22    
 8    
 244    
 33    
 (17)  $ 

 121 
 62 
 13 
 7 
 — 
 4 
 207 

 66 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 67 
 32 
 5 
 170 
 60 
 97 

Balance at 
  beginning of year   

    Charge (credit)      Balance at   
  end of year  

to expense 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

 60   
 55   
 68   

 (27)  $ 
 5   $ 
 (13)  $ 

 33  
 60  
 55  

Management believes Seaboard’s future taxable income will be sufficient for full realization of the net deferred tax assets. 
The valuation allowance relates to the tax benefits from state net operating losses, foreign net operating losses and tax 
credits. Management does not believe these benefits are more likely than not to be realized due to limitations imposed on 
the utilization of these losses and credits. As of December 31, 2022, Seaboard had state net operating loss carry-forwards 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
     
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
of approximately $181 million and foreign net operating loss carry-forwards of approximately $57 million, a portion of 
which  expire  in  varying  amounts  between  2023  and  2042,  while  others  have  indefinite  expiration  periods.  As  of 
December 31, 2022, Seaboard had state tax credit carry-forwards of approximately $27 million, all of which carry-forward 
indefinitely. 

Historically,  Seaboard  has  considered  substantially  all  foreign  profits  as  being  permanently  invested  in  its  foreign 
operations, including all cash and short-term investments held by foreign subsidiaries. During the fourth quarter of 2022, 
Seaboard reversed its indefinite reinvestment assertion in connection with certain previously-taxed undistributed earnings 
of its Seaboard Marine subsidiary due to the tax effectiveness of repatriating. As a result, Seaboard recorded a deferred 
tax liability of $13 million for federal and state incremental tax costs associated with the future potential repatriation of 
Seaboard Marine’s previously-taxed foreign undistributed earnings. For all other foreign subsidiaries, Seaboard intends to 
continue permanently reinvesting their funds outside the U.S. as they continue to demonstrate no need to repatriate them 
to fund Seaboard’s U.S. operations for the foreseeable future. Seaboard has not recorded deferred taxes for state or foreign 
withholding taxes that would result upon repatriation of these funds to the U.S. Determination of the tax that might be paid 
on  unremitted  earnings  if  eventually  remitted  is  not  practical  due  to  the  complexity  of  the  multi-jurisdictional  tax 
environment in which Seaboard operates. 

Seaboard’s  tax  returns  are  regularly  audited  by  federal,  state  and  foreign  tax  authorities,  which  may  result  in  material 
adjustments. Seaboard’s 2018 and 2019 U.S. income tax returns are currently under IRS examination. U.S. federal tax 
years prior to 2017 are no longer subject to IRS tax assessment as certain provisions under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act have 
a statute of six years. In the U.S., typically the three most recent tax years are subject to IRS audits, unless an agreement 
is made to extend the statute of limitations for an audit in progress or the statute is specifically extended by law for certain 
specialized items. In Seaboard’s major non-U.S. jurisdictions, including Argentina, the Dominican Republic, Ivory Coast 
and Senegal, tax years are typically subject to examination for three to six years. 

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, Seaboard had $51 million and $41 million, respectively, in total unrecognized tax 
benefits, all of which if recognized would affect the effective tax rate. Seaboard does not have any material uncertain tax 
positions  in  which  it  is  reasonably  possible  that  the  total  amounts  of  the  unrecognized  tax  benefits  will  significantly 
increase or decrease within 12 months of the reporting date.  

The following table is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Beginning balance at January 1 
Additions for uncertain tax positions of prior years 
Decreases for uncertain tax positions of prior years 
Additions for uncertain tax positions of current year 
Lapse of statute of limitations 
Ending balance as of December 31 

2022 

2021 

  $ 

  $ 

 41   $ 
 1  
 (4) 
 23  
 (10) 
 51   $ 

 30 
 7 
 (1)
 6 
 (1)
 41 

Seaboard accrues interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense and had approximately 
$9 million and $10 million accrued as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. 

Note 13 − Segment Information 
Seaboard  has  six  reportable  segments:  Pork,  CT&M,  Marine,  Sugar  and  Alcohol,  Power  and  Turkey,  each  offering  a 
specific product or service. Seaboard’s reporting segments are based on information used by Seaboard’s Chief Executive 
Officer in his capacity as chief operating decision maker to determine allocation of resources and assess performance. 
Each of the six segments is separately managed, and each was started or acquired independent of the other segments. 

The Pork segment primarily produces hogs to process and sells pork products to further processors, food service operators, 
distributors and grocery stores throughout the U.S. and to foreign markets. In 2022, this segment acquired hog inventory 
and certain hog farms in the central U.S. from The Maschhoffs, LLC for total cash consideration of $58 million. These 
additional farms increase the Pork segment’s sow base, resulting in less reliance on third-party hog suppliers. The purchase 
was recorded at fair value and the final purchase price allocation was $9 million to inventories, $45 million to property, 
plant  and  equipment  and  $4 million  to  goodwill.  Goodwill  represents  the  assembled  workforce  and  the  benefits  of 
acquiring  an  existing  operation.  In  2020,  this  segment  purchased  a  hog  production  company  for  $27 million,  which 
primarily included hog farms and related assets. This segment also produces biodiesel and renewable diesel from pork fat 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
and other animal fats and vegetable oils for sale, along with the related fuel credits, to third parties. The Pork segment’s 
renewable diesel production facility began operations during the third quarter of 2022.  

The CT&M segment is an integrated agricultural commodity trading, processing and logistics operation that internationally 
markets  wheat,  corn,  soybean  meal  and  other  agricultural  commodities  in  bulk  to  third-party  customers  and  to 
non-consolidated affiliates. This segment operates flour, maize and feed mills and bakery operations in numerous foreign 
countries. In 2022, this segment sold its Brazilian flour milling operations primarily for cash proceeds of $6 million, net 
of cash sold. In 2021, this segment increased its ownership interest in a feed manufacturer and hog producer in Ecuador 
from  50%  to  80%.  Total  consideration  for  the  purchase  price  included  $7 million  of  cash  paid,  net  of  cash  acquired, 
Seaboard’s previously held equity interest and affiliate trade receivables. The final purchase price allocation primarily 
included working capital of $30 million and property, plant and equipment of $17 million.  

The Marine segment provides cargo shipping services in the U.S., the Caribbean and Central and South America. The 
Sugar and Alcohol segment produces and processes sugar and alcohol in Argentina. The Power segment is an independent 
power producer in the Dominican Republic that owns two power-generating barges, with EDM III placed in service during 
the second quarter of 2022. The Turkey segment, accounted for using the equity method, produces and processes turkey 
products.  Total  assets  for  the  Turkey  segment  represent  Seaboard’s  investment  in  Butterball.  See  Note  6  for  more 
information on Butterball. The All Other segment represents primarily a jalapeño pepper processing operation.  

The following tables present Seaboard’s sales disaggregated by revenue source and segment: 

Net Sales: 

Year Ended December 31, 2022 

(Millions of dollars) 
Major Products/Services Lines: 

Products 
Transportation 
Energy 
Other 

Segment/consolidated totals 

Net Sales: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Major Products/Services Lines: 

Products 
Transportation 
Energy 
Other 

Segment/consolidated totals 

Net Sales: 

(Millions of dollars) 
Major Products/Services Lines: 

Products 
Transportation 
Energy 
Other 

Segment/consolidated totals 

    Pork 

   CT&M    Marine    

Alcohol     Power     

Sugar 
and 

All 
Other     

Consolidated 
Totals 

  $  1,954   $  6,275   $

 —   $
 —      2,043    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 15    
$  2,605   $  6,290   $  2,043   $

 11    
 611    
 29    

 123   $
 —    
 6    
 —    
 129   $  158   $ 

 —   $ 
 —    
 158    
 —    

 16  $ 
 2   
 —   
 —   
 18  $ 

 8,368  
 2,056  
 775  
 44  
 11,243  

Year Ended December 31, 2021 

    Pork 

    CT&M     Marine     

Alcohol     Power     

Sugar 
and 

All 
Other     

Consolidated 
Totals 

$  2,091   $  5,139   $ 
 —    
 —    
 15    

 8    
 357    
 25    

 —   $ 
 1,396    
 —    
 —    

$  2,481   $  5,154   $  1,396   $ 

 113   $ 
 —    
 10    
 —    
 123   $ 

 —   $ 
 —    
 60    
 —    
 60   $ 

 14  $ 
 1   
 —   
 —   
 15  $ 

 7,357  
 1,405  
 427  
 40  
 9,229  

Year Ended December 31, 2020 

    Pork 

    CT&M     Marine     

Alcohol     Power     

Sugar 
and 

All 
Other     

Consolidated 
Totals 

$  1,682   $  3,981   $ 
 —    
 —    
 13    

 8    
 219    
 32    

 —   $ 
 1,005    
 —    
 —    

$  1,941   $  3,994   $  1,005   $ 

 95   $ 
 —    
 11    
 —    
 106   $ 

 —   $ 
 —    
 64    
 —    
 64   $ 

 16  $ 
 —   
 —   
 —   
 16  $ 

 5,774  
 1,013  
 294  
 45  
 7,126  

The following tables present Seaboard’s operating income (loss) by segment. Operating income for segment reporting is 
prepared on the same basis as that used for consolidated operating income. Operating income, along with income (loss) 
from  affiliates  for  the  Pork,  CT&M  and  Turkey  segments,  is  used  as  the  measure  of  evaluating  segment  performance 
because management does not consider interest, other investment income (loss) and income tax benefit (expense) on a 
segment  basis.  Corporate  operating  results  represent  certain  operating  costs  not  specifically  allocated  to  individual 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
     
     
     
     
     
     
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
     
     
     
     
     
     
    
 
segments and include costs related to Seaboard’s deferred compensation plans, which are offset by the effect of the mark-
to-market  adjustments  on  these  investments  recorded  in  other  investment  income  (loss),  net.  Administrative  services 
provided by the corporate office are allocated to the individual segments and represent corporate services rendered to and 
costs  incurred  for  each  specific  segment,  with  no  allocation  to  individual  segments  of  general  corporate  management 
oversight costs. 

Operating Income (Loss): 
(Millions of dollars) 
Pork 
CT&M 
Marine 
Sugar and Alcohol 
Power 
All other 
Segment totals 
Corporate  
Consolidated totals 

Years ended December 31, 

      2020 

   2022        2021 
 (96)  $ 
  $ 
 151  
 591  
 11  
 14  
 1  
 672  
 (15) 
 657   $ 

 227   $ 
 61  
 197  
 2  
 (9) 
 1  
 479  
 (21) 
 458   $ 

  $ 

 131  
 118  
 21  
 2  
 3  
 1  
 276  
 (31) 
 245  

The  following  tables  present  Seaboard’s  total  assets  and  capital  expenditures  by  segment.  Corporate  assets  primarily 
include  cash  and  short-term  investments,  other  current  assets  related  to  deferred  compensation  plans,  long-term 
investments and other miscellaneous items. 

Total Assets: 
(Millions of dollars) 
Pork 
CT&M 
Marine 
Sugar and Alcohol 
Power 
Turkey 
All other 
Segment totals 
Corporate  
Consolidated totals 

Capital Expenditures: 
(Millions of dollars) 
Pork 
CT&M 
Marine 
Sugar and Alcohol 
Power 
All other 
Segment totals 
Corporate  
Consolidated totals 

December 31, 

         2022 

2021 

  $   2,698   $ 
   1,915  
 882  
 165  
 342  
 350  
 6  
   6,358  
   1,544  
  $   7,902   $ 

 2,265 
 2,054 
 749 
 155 
 359 
 245 
 7 
 5,834 
 1,669 
 7,503 

Years ended December 31, 
2020 

     2022        2021 
  $   315   $ 

 14  
 136  
 9  
 —  
 —  
 474  
 —  

  $   474   $ 

 343   $ 
 17  
 44  
 8  
 43  
 1  
 456  
 4  
 460   $ 

 207  
 8  
 10  
 5  
 27  
 2  
 259  
 —  
 259  

Geographic Information 
Seaboard  had  sales  in  Colombia  totaling  $1,578  million,  $1,144  million  and  $812  million  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, representing approximately 14%, 12% and 11% of total sales for each 
respective year. Seaboard had sales in South Africa totaling $992 million, $917 million and $743 million for the years 
ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, representing approximately 9% of total sales for 2022 and 10% 
for years 2021 and 2020. No other individual foreign country accounted for 10% or more of sales to external customers. 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
The following table provides a geographic summary of net sales based on the location of product delivery or service:  

Years ended December 31, 

(Millions of dollars) 
Caribbean, Central and South America 
Africa 
United States (a) 
Pacific Basin and Far East 
Canada/Mexico 
Europe 
All other 
Total sales 

      2021 

      2020 

      2022 
  $ 

 5,054   $   3,566   $   2,744 
   2,099 
   2,685  
   1,536 
   2,031  
 435 
 545  
 202 
 309  
 101 
 86  
 9 
 7  
  $  11,243   $   9,229   $   7,126 

   3,107  
   2,181  
 490  
 338  
 71  
 2  

(a) 

For Marine segment services on product delivery to the U.S., geographic location is based on origination port. 

The  following  table  provides  a  geographic  summary  of  Seaboard’s  property,  plant  and  equipment  according  to  their 
physical location and primary port for the vessels: 

(Millions of dollars) 
United States 
Dominican Republic 
Argentina 
China 
Ivory Coast 
Senegal 
Zambia 
All other 
Total property, plant and equipment, net 

December 31, 

2022 

2021 

 1,682   $ 
 281  
 59  
 35  
 33  
 32  
 31  
 93  
 2,246   $ 

 1,331  
 297  
 59  
 —  
 39  
 40  
 30  
 96  
 1,892  

  $ 

  $ 

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 
None. 

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures 
As  of  December 31, 2022,  Seaboard’s  management  has  evaluated,  under  the  direction  of  its  chief  executive  and  chief 
financial  officers,  the  effectiveness  of  Seaboard’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  as  defined  under  the  Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) Rule 13a-15(e). Based upon and as of the date of that evaluation, Seaboard’s 
chief executive and chief financial officers concluded that Seaboard’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective 
to  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  information  required  to  be  disclosed  in  the  reports  it  files  and  submits  under  the 
Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported as and when required. It should be noted that any system 
of disclosure controls and procedures, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, 
assurance  that  the  objectives  of  the  system  are  met.  In  addition,  the  design  of  any  system  of  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures  is  based  in  part  upon  assumptions  about  the  likelihood  of  future  events.  Due  to  these  and  other  inherent 
limitations of any such system, there can be no assurance that any design will always succeed in achieving its stated goals 
under all potential future conditions. 

Change in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting  
There have been no changes in Seaboard’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal quarter 
ended December 31, 2022  that  has  materially  affected, or is  reasonably  likely  to  materially  affect,  Seaboard’s  internal 
control over financial reporting.  

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 
The  management  of  Seaboard  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining adequate  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting, as such term is defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rule 13a-15(f). Under the supervision, and with 
the participation of management and its Internal Audit Department, Seaboard conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness 
of  its  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  the  framework  in Internal  Control  -  Integrated  Framework 
(2013) issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (“COSO”).  Based  on  its 
evaluation  under  the  framework  in Internal  Control  -  Integrated  Framework  (2013),  management  concluded  that 
Seaboard’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2022. 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
    
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
KPMG LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited Seaboard’s financial statements contained 
herein,  also  audited  Seaboard’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December 31, 2022.  The  audit  report  is 
included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. 

Item 9B. Other Information 
None. 

Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections 
None. 

PART III 

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 
The information about the executive officers of Seaboard is included under the caption “Information About Seaboard’s 
Executive Officers” in Item 1 of this annual report on Form 10-K. 

Seaboard has a Code of Conduct and Ethics Policy for Senior Financial Officers applicable to its senior financial officers 
(including  the  chief  executive  officer,  chief  financial  officer,  chief  accounting  officer  and  controller  and  persons 
performing similar functions) and a Code of Ethics Policy applicable to its directors, officers and other employees (together 
the “Codes”). Seaboard has posted the Codes on its internet website, www.seaboardcorp.com, and intends to satisfy the 
disclosure requirement under Item 10 of Form 10-K regarding any future changes and waivers to the Codes by posting 
such information on that website. 

In addition to the information provided above, the information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to 
the information under the captions “Item 1: Election of Directors,” “Board of Directors Information – Committees of the 
Board – Audit Committee,” and “Board of Directors Information – Director Nominations” of Seaboard’s definitive proxy 
statement for the 2023 annual meeting of stockholders, which will be filed no later than 120 days after December 31, 2022 
(“Proxy Statement”). 

Item 11. Executive Compensation 
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the information under the captions “Board of 
Directors Information – Compensation of Directors,” “Executive Compensation and Other Information,” “Employment 
Arrangements  with  Named  Executive  Officers,”  “Benefit  Plans,”  “Compensation  Committee  Interlocks  and  Insider 
Participation,” “Compensation Committee Report,” and “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” included in the Proxy 
Statement. 

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 
Seaboard  has  not  established  any  equity  compensation  plans  or  individual  agreements  for  its  employees  under  which 
Seaboard common stock, or options, rights or warrants with respect to Seaboard common stock may be granted. 

In addition to the information provided above, the information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to 
the  information  under  the  captions  “Principal  Stockholders”  and  “Share  Ownership  of  Management  and  Directors” 
included in the Proxy Statement. 

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 
The  information  required  by  this  item  is  incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  the  information  under  the  captions 
“Compensation  Committee  Interlocks  and  Insider  Participation,”  “Board  of  Directors  Information  –  Controlled 
Corporation” and “Board of Directors Information – Committees of the Board” included in the Proxy Statement. 

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services 
Seaboard’s independent registered public accounting firm is KPMG LLP, Kansas City, MO, Auditor Firm ID: 185. 

The  other  information  required  by  this  item  is  incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  the  information  under  the  caption 
“Item 2: Selection of Independent Auditors” included in the Proxy Statement. 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 15. Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules 

(a)  List the following documents filed as a part of the report: 

1.  Financial statements 

PART IV 

The financial statements are included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.  

2.  Financial statement schedules 

All  schedules  are  omitted  as  the  required  information  is  not  applicable  or  the  information  is  presented  in  the 
consolidated financial statements or related consolidated notes. 

3.  Exhibits  

 Exhibit 
No. 

 3.1 

 3.2 

 4 

 10.1* 

 10.2* 

 10.3* 

 10.4* 

 10.5* 

 Description  

 Seaboard Corporation Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of
Seaboard’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 4, 2009.  

 Seaboard Corporation By-laws, as amended. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of Seaboard’s
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005. 

 Description of common stock. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4 of Seaboard’s Form 10-K for the 
fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. 

 Seaboard Corporation Retiree Medical Benefit Plan as Amended and Restated effective January 1, 2009 and
dated  December  22,  2008,  amending  and  restating  the  Seaboard  Corporation  Retiree  Medical  Benefit  Plan
dated March 4, 2005. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of Seaboard’s Form 10-K for the fiscal 
year ended December 31, 2008. 

 First Amendment to the Seaboard Corporation Retiree Medical Benefit Plan effective March 25, 2015 and
dated  March  31,  2015.  Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  of  Seaboard’s  Form  10-Q  for  the 
quarter ended April 4, 2015. 

 Seaboard  Corporation  Non-Qualified  Deferred  Compensation  Plan  effective  January  1,  2009  and  dated
December 22, 2008, amending and restating the Seaboard Corporation Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation
Plan dated December 29, 2005. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.12 of Seaboard’s Form 10-K 
for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. 

 Amendment  No.  1  to  the  Seaboard  Corporation  Non-Qualified  Deferred  Compensation  Plan  effective
January 1, 2009 and dated December 17, 2009. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.25 of Seaboard’s
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009. 

 Amendment  No.  2  to  the  Seaboard  Corporation  Non-Qualified  Deferred  Compensation  Plan  effective
January 1, 2019 and dated January 2, 2019. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 of Seaboard’s 
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018. 

 10.6*+ 

 Amended and Restated Seaboard Corporation Post-2018 Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan effective
January 1, 2023 dated December 13, 2022. 

 10.7* 

 10.8* 

 10.9* 

 Seaboard Corporation 409A Executive Retirement Plan Amended and Restated effective January 1, 2013 and
dated  December  21,  2012,  amending  and  restating  the  Seaboard  Corporation  Executive  Retirement  Plan, 
Amendment and Restatement dated December 22, 2008. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.14 of
Seaboard’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012. 

 First Amendment to the Seaboard Corporation 409A Executive Retirement Plan effective as of January 1, 2015
and dated January 14, 2016. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 of Seaboard’s Form 10-K for the 
fiscal year ended December 31, 2015. 

 Seaboard  Corporation  Cash  Balance  Executive  Retirement  Plan  Amended  and  Restated  effective
August 1, 2020.  Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.3  of  Seaboard’s  Form  10-Q  for  the  quarter 
ended September 26, 2020. 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 10.10* 

 10.11* 

 10.12* 

 Seaboard Corporation Pension Plan as restated and amended effective January 1, 2021. Incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.10 of Seaboard’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021. 

 Seaboard Marine Pension Plan effective January 1, 2021. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of 
Seaboard’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 3, 2021. 

 Amendment No. 1 to the Seaboard Marine Pension Plan as Restated as of January 1, 2021, dated 
November 15, 2021. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.12 of Seaboard’s Form 10-K for the 
fiscal year ended December 31, 2021.  

 10.13*+ 

 Seaboard Corporation Long-term Incentive Plan effective January 1, 2022. 

 10.14*+ 

 Seaboard Corporation 401(K) Excess Plan effective January 1, 2022 and dated December 13, 2022.  

 10.15* 

 10.16* 

 10.17* 

 10.18* 

 10.19* 

 10.20* 

 10.21* 

 10.22* 

 10.23* 

 10.24* 

 10.25* 

 10.26* 

 10.27 

 10.28 

 Seaboard  Marine  Ltd.  401(K)  Excess  Plan  effective  January  1,  2009  and  dated  December  18,  2009.
Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.24  of  Seaboard’s  Form  10-K  for  the  fiscal  year  ended 
December 31, 2009. 

 First  Amendment  to  the  Seaboard Marine Ltd. 401(k)  Excess  Plan  effective  January 1, 2022.  Incorporated 
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Seaboard’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 2, 2022.  

 Seaboard Corporation Investment Option Plan dated December 18, 2000. Incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.7 of Seaboard’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2000. 

 Seaboard  Corporation  Executive  Officers’  Bonus  Policy  (effective  for  2018-2020).  Incorporated  herein  by 
reference to Exhibit 10.17 of Seaboard’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December  31, 2018. 

 Seaboard  Corporation  Named  Executive  Officers’  Bonus  Policy  (effective  for  2021  and  supersedes  all
policies). Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.16 of Seaboard’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 
December 31, 2021.  

 Restated Employment Agreement between Seaboard Corporation and Robert L. Steer dated August 27, 2020. 
Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.2  of  Seaboard’s  Form  10-Q  for  the  quarter  ended 
September  26,  2020.  

 Restated  Employment  Agreement  between  Seaboard  Corporation  and  David  H.  Rankin  dated
January  12, 2021. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.19 of Seaboard’s Form 10-K for the year 
ended December 31, 2020.  

 Employment  Agreement  between  Seaboard  Overseas  and  Trading  Group  and  David  M.  Dannov  dated
December 21, 2012. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.19 of Seaboard’s Form 10-K for the fiscal 
year ended December 31, 2012. 

 Amendment to Employment Agreement between Seaboard Overseas and Trading Group and David M. Dannov
dated  March  22,  2017.  Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.3  of  Seaboard’s  Form  10-Q  for  the 
quarter ended April 1, 2017. 

 Employment Agreement between Seaboard Marine Ltd. and Edward A. Gonzalez dated December 21, 2012.
Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.20  of  Seaboard’s  Form  10-K  for  the  fiscal  year  ended
December  31, 2012. 

 Employment  Agreement  between  Seaboard  Foods  LLC  and  Peter  B.  Brown  dated  November  30,  2020.
Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.22  of  Seaboard’s  Form  10-K  for  the  fiscal  year  ended 
December  31, 2021. 

 Summary of Perquisite for Personal Use of Seaboard Airplane. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
10.23 of Seaboard’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021.  

 Amended  and  Restated  Terminal  Agreement  between  Miami-Dade  County  and  Seaboard  Marine  Ltd.  for
Marine  Terminal  Operations  dated  May  30,  2008.  Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  of
Seaboard’s Form 8-K dated May 30, 2008. 

 Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Terminal Agreement between Miami-Dade County and Seaboard 
Marine Ltd. for Marine Terminal Operations dated March 30, 2009. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 of Seaboard’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 29, 2013. 

59 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 10.29 

 10.30 

 10.31 

 21+ 

 31.1+ 

 31.2+ 

 32.1+ 

 32.2+ 

 Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Terminal Agreement between Miami-Dade County and Seaboard 
Marine Ltd. for Marine Terminal Operations dated July 31, 2013. Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 
10.2 of Seaboard’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 29, 2013. 

 Marketing  Agreement  dated February 2, 2004 by  and among  Seaboard Corporation,  Seaboard Farms, Inc.,
Triumph  Foods,  LLC,  and  for  certain  limited  purposes  only,  the  members  of  Triumph  Foods,  LLC.
Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Seaboard’s Form 8-K dated February 3, 2004. 

 Amended  and  Restated  Term  Loan  Credit  Agreement  dated  September  25,  2018  by  and  among  Seaboard
Corporation, Seaboard Foods LLC, CoBank, ACB, Farm Credit Services of America, PCA and other lenders. 
Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Seaboard’s Form 8-K filed September 27, 2018.   

 List of subsidiaries. 

 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted 
Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 

 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as Adopted 
Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 

 Certification  of  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  Pursuant  to  18  U.S.C.  Section  1350,  as  Adopted  Pursuant  to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 

 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 
906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 

 101.INS+   Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because

its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document) 

 101.SCH+  Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 

 101.CAL+  Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document 

 101.DEF+  Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document 

 101.LAB+  Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document 

 101.PRE+  Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document 

 104+ 

 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) 

*     Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. 
+     Filed electronically with this annual report on Form 10-K with the SEC and transmitted via EDGAR. 

(b)  Exhibits 
See exhibits identified above under Item 15(a)(3). 

(c)  Financial Statement Schedules 
None. 

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary 
None. 

60 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused 
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

SIGNATURES 

SEABOARD CORPORATION 
(Registrant) 

By: 

/s/ Robert L. Steer 
Robert L. Steer  
President and Chief Executive Officer 

Date:  February 14, 2023 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 
persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 

Name 

Date 

Title 

/s/ Robert L. Steer 
Robert L. Steer 

/s/ David H. Rankin 
David H. Rankin 

February 14, 2023 

  President, Chief Executive Officer 
  (principal executive officer) 

February 14, 2023 

/s/ Michael D. Trollinger 
Michael D. Trollinger 

February 14, 2023 

  Executive Vice President, 
  Chief Financial Officer 
  (principal financial officer) 

  Senior Vice President, 
  Corporate Controller and 
  Chief Accounting Officer 
  (principal accounting officer) 

/s/ Ellen S. Bresky 
Ellen S. Bresky 

/s/ Douglas W. Baena 
Douglas W. Baena 

/s/ David A. Adamsen 
David A. Adamsen 

/s/ Frances B. Shifman 
Frances B. Shifman 

/s/ Paul M. Squires 
Paul M. Squires 

February 14, 2023 

  Chairwoman of the Board 

February 14, 2023 

  Lead Director 

February 14, 2023 

  Director 

February 14, 2023 

  Director 

February 14, 2023 

  Director 

61 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEABOARD CORPORATION 
Stockholder Information 

Board of Directors 
Ellen S. Bresky 
Director and Chairwoman of the Board 

David. A Adamsen 
Director and Audit Committee Member 

Paul M. Squires 
Director 

Officers 

Robert L. Steer 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

David M. Becker 
Executive Vice President, General Counsel and 
Secretary 

David H. Rankin 
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer 

Michael D. Trollinger 
Senior Vice President, Corporate Controller and 
Chief Accounting Officer 

Ty A. Tywater 
Senior Vice President, Audit Services 

Jacob A. Bresky 
Vice President, International 

Douglas W. Baena 
Lead Director and Audit Committee Chair 

Frances B. Shifman 
Director and Audit Committee Member

Benjamin R. Hodes 
Vice President, Finance 

Adriana N. Hoskins 
Vice President and Treasurer 

Elizabeth A. Loudon 
Vice President, Tax 

James T. Hubler 
Assistant Secretary 

Zachery J. Holden 
Assistant Secretary 

Emma A. Beltz-Vacas 
Assistant Treasurer 

Chief Executive Officers of Principal Seaboard Operations 
Peter B. Brown 
Pork 

David M. Dannov 
Commodity Trading and Milling 

Edward A. Gonzalez 
Marine 

Oscar E. Rojo 
Sugar and Alcohol 

Armando G. Rodriguez 
Power 

Stock Transfer Agent and Registrar of Stock 

Availability of Form 10-K Reports 

Seaboard provides access to its annual reports on Form 10-K and all 
amendments at https://www.seaboardcorp.com/investors as soon as 
reasonably  practicable  after  those  reports  are  electronically  filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 

EQ Shareowner Services 
P.O. Box 64874 
St. Paul, MN 55164-0874 
(800) 468-9716 
www.shareowneronline.com 

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

KPMG LLP 
1000 Walnut Street, Suite 1100 
Kansas City, Missouri 64106 

Stock Listing 

Seaboard’s common stock is traded on the NYSE American 
under the symbol SEB. Seaboard had 3,347 stockholders of 
record of its common stock as of January 31, 2023. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                   
                   
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
SEABOARD CORPORATION

90 0 0 WE ST  6 7 T H   S T R EET

ME R RIAM,  KANS AS   6 6 2 0 2