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Sims

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FY2020 Annual Report · Sims
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ANNUAL REPORT  
& FINANCIAL  
STATEMENTS

For the nine month period ended 
30 September 2020

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

CONTENTS 

KEY POINTS 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

CORONAVIRUS AND GOING CONCERN REVIEW 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT AND SECTION 172 STATEMENT 

ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE 

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES 

DIRECTORS 

ADVISERS 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION REPORT 

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES 

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

CONSOLIDATED COMPREHENSIVE INCOME STATEMENT 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

CONSOLIDATED AND COMPANY CASH FLOW STATEMENTS 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

FIVE YEAR RECORD 

PAGE

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Company number 03942129

1

KEY POINTS

SUMMARY

•  Results in line with market expectations 

• 

• 

• 

 Business model showed considerable resilience in the face of the coronavirus pandemic

 Strong bounce back after the opening up of the construction and lettings industries in May 2020

 Major joint venture, potentially worth £45m in fee income alone in the first five years, agreed with 
EQT Real Estate in September; targeting £1bn build-to-rent portfolio in Greater London

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

FINANCIAL RESULTS

MANAGED PRS ACTIVITIES

SELF-FUNDED PRS ACTIVITIES

9-month reporting period following the change of accounting reference date to 
30 September

Revenue

Profit from operations

Profit before tax

Earnings per share 

Net assets

Net assets per share

Cash balances

Dividend per share

9 months 
to 30 September  
2020

12 months
to 31 December 
2019

£8.0m

£3.2m

£3.2m

2.84p

£61.1m

68.3p

£25.8m

2.0p

£13.9m

£12.0m

£13.0m

11.63p

£60.5m

67.6p

£16.8m

2.0p

CORONAVIRUS IMPACT

• 

 Disruption of construction activity is estimated to have reduced activity level by 25% 
over the 9-month period

•  No requirement to furlough staff or to use Government assistance schemes

•  Rental demand and rent collection remained strong 

2

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

The PRS REIT plc (“REIT”)
•   A total of 1,017 new rental homes were 

delivered to the REIT in the 9-month period, 
taking its portfolio to 2,634 homes at 30 
September 2020, with an estimated rental 
value (“ERV”) of £24.3m pa 

•   The REIT’s funding resource of £900m (gross) 
was fully committed by 31 December 2020 
with the acquisition of a fully-let development 
of 123 suburban new homes. This development 
had originally been created and developed by 
Sigma for BlackRock Real Assets 

• 

• 

 Two self-funded developments were 
completed and sold to the REIT for a total of 
£11.9m after independent valuation. Sigma’s 
realised profit was £1.1m.

 Six developments (c.395 homes) are currently 
under way, with a gross development cost 
(“GDC”) of c.£90.8m and ERV of c.£5.1m. The 
two London developments will seed the EQT 
Real Estate joint venture 

POST PERIOD AND OUTLOOK

•   In Q1 of the new financial year, a total of 529 

•  ESG manager appointed in November 2020

homes (including from the above acquisition) 
were added to the REIT’s portfolio, taking it 
to 3,163 completed homes, with an ERV of 
£29.4m at 31 December 2020

- 

- 

 a further 1,963 homes were contracted, 
which takes the portfolio to 5,126 
homes, with an ERV of £48.8m pa, when 
completed and let
 delivery of the REIT’s 5,000th completed 
home is expected in late 2021/early 2022 

Gatehouse Bank and UK PRS Properties 
partnerships
•   The Thistle Portfolio and UK PRS Portfolio 
(together c.1,600 PRS homes) contributed 
£0.4m and £0.4m of asset management fees 
respectively in the period

• 

• 

• 

• 

 New Collaboration Agreement with principal 
construction partner, Countryside Properties 
plc, signed in December to deliver up to 
5,000 new PRS homes over the next three 
years

 Investment Advisory Agreement with the 
REIT was extended from 31 May 2022 to 31 
December 2025

 Sigma’s interest in the Thistle Portfolio (918 
PRS homes) was realised; net cash of £2.9m is 
£1m ahead of book value

 Q1 trading is in line with management 
expectations and Board is confident of 
growth prospects

3

 
 
 
 
 
KEY POI NTS (CONTINUED)

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

GRAHAM BARNET,  
CEO OF SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC,  
COMMENTED: 

“Sigma’s final results reflect the impact of the coronavirus crisis and the 
shorter nine month reporting period, following the change of year end. 
Nonetheless, we delivered over 1,000 new rental homes for The PRS REIT plc in the 
period, and delivery momentum has bounced back to almost pre-coronavirus level.

“The launch of our £1bn joint venture with EQT Real Estate, which is targeting 3,000 new 
London rental homes over the next five years, was a landmark event in September 2020. It 
sees us advance into a new geography, and adds new long-term income streams. Like the recent 
high-profile sale of the ‘Thistle’ portfolio of suburban rental homes, which we created for Gatehouse 
Bank, it is further recognition of the value our model creates both for partners and for Sigma. 

“The business is in a very strong position, financially and operationally. Our new agreements with 
Countryside Properties, for housing delivery, and with The PRS REIT plc, extending our advisory 
agreement, create added visibility. Trading in the first quarter of the new financial year is in line with 
management expectations, and with demand for our rental homes remaining high, the Group is in a 
strong position to achieve its targets for the financial year.”

4

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

5
5

 
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT

INTRODUCTION 

This report presents Sigma’s trading results 
for the nine months ending 30 September 
2020 and the comparative figures are for the 
12 months ending 31 December 2019. This 
follows the change in Sigma’s financial year 
end to 30 September, which should result in a 
reporting cycle that is more compatible with the 
Company’s seasonal trading pattern. 

We are very pleased with Sigma’s performance, 
given the unprecedented challenges the 
coronavirus pandemic presented in the period. 
The global outbreak has caused significant 
economic and social turmoil, which still 
continues. The response shown by our staff 
and partners to this exceptional situation has 
been outstanding, and we would like to thank 
everyone for their care and commitment. They 
have helped the business to negotiate the 
difficulties in the period well. Sigma’s significant 
cash resource, which currently stands at £26.2m, 
positions the business strongly in the face of 
further disruption, although with the rollout of 
the mass vaccine programme, we hope to see 
a more stable situation emerge. The Company’s 
resilience through the crisis reflects both our 
robust business model and careful financial 
management. We have increased our resource 
in order to support growth plans and there was 
no requirement to furlough staff or take up any 
Government’s assistance. 

In September, we were delighted to announce 
the launch of a major joint venture with EQT 
Real Estate, the real estate platform of global 
investment firm EQT. Homes England, the 
housing agency of the UK government is 
supporting the venture, which aims to create a 
£1bn build-to-rent portfolio of c. 3,000 homes 
in Greater London in this first phase. This new 

agreement is potentially worth c.£45m in fee 
income alone over the first five years. We are 
now advancing the delivery of initial seed assets 
and progressing development opportunities 
through our PRS property platform. It provides 
a professional and secure supply chain for the 
acquisition, construction and management of 
rental homes. 

We agreed two significant contracts after the 
year end. First, in December, we signed a new 
collaboration agreement with Countryside 
Properties plc (“Countryside”), our principal 
home building partner, covering the delivery of 
up to 5,000 new private rental sector (“PRS”) 
homes over the next three years. The new 
agreement supports both companies’ growth 
ambitions, and enables Sigma to map out 
housing delivery effectively while Countryside 
is able to deliver homes more quickly on its 
larger, mixed tenure sites. Secondly, in January 
2021, we agreed terms to extend our Investment 
Advisory Services with The PRS REIT plc (“the 
REIT” or “the PRS REIT”). The new agreement 
has extended our contract from 31 May 2022 to 
31 December 2025. This gives us considerable 
additional visibility, with the extension equating 
to a potential c.£16m of asset management 
income. 

In addition, after the period end, the Thistle 
Portfolio, our first large-scale portfolio of 918 PRS 
homes that was completed in 2017 for £110m for 
Gatehouse Bank, was sold for c.£150m. The sale 
has crystallised our beneficial interest at £2.9m 
net, c.53% above its book value. It is powerful 
validation of the strength of our model and the 
value we create for Sigma and our partners. 

Government measures to contain the spread 
of the virus, including lockdowns and other 
restrictions, set construction activity back by 

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

an estimated 600 homes over the nine month 
period and adversely impacted both fee income 
and capital growth relating to self-financed 
assets. Nonetheless we delivered a significant 
number of new rental homes; 1,017 homes to the 
PRS REIT in the shortened financial period. This 
delivery compares to 842 homes in the last full 
financial year and the quickening pace reflects 
the increased number of sites under construction 
and advancing to maturity. 

By the end of December 2020, at the close of 
the first quarter of Sigma’s current financial 
year, a further 529 new homes were delivered 
to the REIT (which includes the BlackRock Real 
Assets homes). This took the REIT’s portfolio to 
3,163 completed homes, with an ERV of £29.4m, 
and 1,963 contracted homes, at varying stages 
of development. Together, these 5,126 homes 
will provide an ERV of £48.8m per annum once 
completed and let. 

Demand for our new rental homes remains high, 
reflecting their build-quality and location, and the 
undersupply that exists. Let homes have been 
performing well, on average 2% above budget. 

While uncertainty remains, particularly over 
the coronavirus situation, Sigma is well-
positioned, financially and operationally. We 
have significantly increased the Company’s 
geographic reach and potential opportunity, 
and added significant new income streams. The 
Board therefore views growth prospects very 
confidently. 

The additional 1,017 homes took the REIT’s 
portfolio of completed homes to 2,634 at 30 
September 2020, providing an estimated rental 
value (“ERV”) of £24.3m per annum when fully 
let. A further 2,369 contracted homes, with 
an ERV of £23.3m per annum were also under 
way at that point. Homes are located in most of 
the major regions of England, providing good 
geographical diversification. Locations are 
chosen with care, with proximity to good primary 
schools a priority. 

While Sigma’s housing delivery in the period was 
primarily for the REIT and funded by the REIT, 
a tranche was funded by Sigma. We completed 
and sold two self-funded sites to the REIT 
for a combined £11.9m based on independent 
valuations, crystallising a realised gain of £1.1m. 
The sites were fully-let at the point of sale, and 
comprised 52 homes, with an ERV of £0.6m p.a. 
A further four self-funded sites are under way for 
the REIT. 

We also acquired a fully-let development of 
123 rental homes on behalf of the REIT from 
BlackRock Real Assets in December 2020. We 
knew the development well, having created and 
delivered it for BlackRock Real Assets in 2019. 
The acquisition of this asset also marked the 
completion of the commitment of the REIT’s 
funding resource of £900m (gross). 

6

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

7

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT (CONTINUED)

FINANCIAL RESULTS  

DIVIDENDS  

MANAGED PRS ACTIVITIES  

•  Completed sites

Please note that, following the change in Sigma’s 
accounting reference date, the financial period 
under review comprises the nine months ended 
30 September 2020. The comparative period 
comprises 12 months ended 31 December 2019.

The Board is pleased to declare a dividend 
of 2.0p per share for the nine month financial 
period (12 months to 31 December 2019: 2.0p), 
which reflects the Board’s confidence in the 
Company’s growth prospects. 

In the nine month period ended 30 September 
2020, the Group generated total revenue of 
£8.0m (2019: £13.9m). However, the period 
included six weeks when all construction activity 
was suspended because of the coronavirus 
pandemic and a further twelve weeks of 
disruption before activity returned to more 
normalised levels. Revenue comprised PRS 
income relating to the REIT, Gatehouse Bank and 
UK PRS Properties, as well as rental income from 
completed homes on self-funded sites, prior to 
the sites’ full completion and onward sale. 

Profit from operations for the nine months was 
£3.2m (2019: £12.0m). This included realised 
and unrealised gains from investment property 
of £1.3m (2019: £3.9m), and recognition of an 
unrealised loss on investments of £0.2 million 
(2019: unrealised gain £0.2 million). 

Profit before tax for the nine months was £3.2m 
(2019: £13.0m) and basic earnings per share was 
2.84p (2019: 11.63p). 

Net assets at 30 September 2020 stood 
at £61.1m, equivalent to 68.3p per share (31 
December 2019: £60.5m, equivalent to 67.6p per 
share). 

Cash used by operations in the nine months was 
£1.3m (2019: cash generated from operations 
£8.0m), reflecting lower creditors as a result of 
reduced PRS activity.

Cash balances at 30 September 2020 amounted 
to £25.8m (31 December 2019: £16.8m), and at 19 
January 2021 cash balances totalled £26.2m. 

The dividend will be paid on 12 March 2021 to 
shareholders on the register on 26 February 2021.

BUSINESS AND OPERATIONAL 
OVERVIEW

Sigma is focused on delivering high-quality new 
homes for private rental across the UK. The 
Group’s PRS property platform brings together 
a network of formal and informal relationships. 
These include construction partners, central 
government and local authorities. Sigma 
typically delivers a range of traditional housing 
through its property platform partners, enabling 
the Company to cater for a broad spectrum of 
demand, from young couples to growing families 
and retirees. 

With the launch of the joint venture with EQT 
Real Estate, from 2021, Sigma’s income streams 
now comprise: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

 acquisition fees for the assets that the Group 
procures and delivers to third parties;

 development management fees for the assets 
the Group procures and delivers to third 
parties;

 asset management fees for the overall 
management of the assets; and

 development profits on the assets that the 
Group self-funds and subsequently sells, once 
completed. Sigma also retains any rental 
income prior to the sale of a completed site.

EQT Real Estate
In September 2020, the Group announced the 
launch of a joint venture with EQT Real Estate, 
the real estate platform of global investment firm 
EQT, to deliver high quality, new-build homes 
for private rental in Greater London. The joint 
venture is being supported by Homes England, 
the housing agency of the UK government, 
and is targeting the establishment of an initial 
portfolio of approximately 3,000 homes with a 
value in excess of £1bn. Two sites, currently under 
development by Sigma, at Fresh Wharf, Barking 
and Beam Park, Havering will be acquired by the 
joint venture on practical completion, expected 
by September 2021.

The PRS REIT plc 
Sigma subsidiaries are Investment Adviser and 
Development Manager to the REIT, which was 
created and subsequently launched by Sigma on 
31 May 2017. The REIT’s objective is to establish a 
substantial portfolio of new-build homes across 
the regions for the private rental market. 

The REIT’s portfolio is being built in two ways:

• 

   Undeveloped sites
 Sigma’s subsidiary, Sigma PRS Management 
Ltd (“Sigma PRS”), sources sites for the REIT 
to acquire and develop. Typically sites are 
sourced though the Group’s PRS property 
platform. As well as sourcing and assessing 
suitable sites, Sigma PRS manages the 
planning and development processes and the 
subsequent letting of completed homes. Two 
thirds of the REIT’s new properties has been 
funded in this manner.

 For these services and the right-of-first-
refusal on assets within Sigma’s PRS property 
platform, the REIT pays Sigma a development 
management fee, equivalent to 4% of the GDC 
of respective sites.

 The REIT acquires completed PRS sites 
from Sigma pursuant to a forward purchase 
agreement. Sigma earns development profits 
from the sale of such sites, and receives rental 
income from let homes until the point of sale. 
Completed assets may also be acquired from 
other third parties.

 All sites must satisfy the REIT’s investment 
objectives and are independently valued for 
the REIT prior to acquisition.

On 20 January 2021, we were pleased to report 
that our Investment Advisory Agreement with 
the REIT had been extended from 31 May 2022 
to the end of December 2025, with a one year 
notice period thereafter. 

The agreement sets out Sigma’s asset 
management fees for managing the REIT’s 
assets, with fees calculated on a sliding scale, 
based on a percentage of the adjusted net asset 
value (“NAV”) of the REIT’s portfolio. Sigma earns 
1% of the value of the REIT’s adjusted net assets 
up to £250m, with this percentage moving to 
0.9% and 0.75% at intermediate thresholds, and 
then to 0.5% at £1bn and above and 0.4% at £2bn 
and above. The agreed extension equates to an 
additional c.£16m in asset management fees.

The total debt facilities available to the REIT 
at 30 June 2020 comprised a £150 million 
revolving credit facility with Lloyds Banking 
Group / RBS and two fixed rate term loans 
with Scottish Widows for £100 million and 
£150 million respectively. In September 2020, 
Sigma negotiated an additional £50 million 
development debt facility for the REIT with 
Barclays Bank PLC.

8

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

In January 2021, Sigma’s beneficial interest in the 
Thistle Portfolio was realised when the portfolio 
was sold for a total consideration of c.£150m 
to Goldman Sachs Merchant Banking Division 
and Pitmore. Sigma will receive a total net cash 
payment of £2.9m following completion, which 
represents its share of total sale profits after 
certain hurdles. This sum stands at 53% above 
the book value of £1.9m ascribed to this interest 
in both these and the Company’s 2019 report 
and accounts. 

The Thistle Portfolio has consistently generated 
attractive returns, with average occupancy over 
99% and rent collection in excess of 98%. This 
includes during the coronavirus pandemic and 
is in line with the performance of Sigma’s own 
assets and the REIT’s portfolio. Its sale marks the 
first significant sale in the UK of a portfolio of 

new-build, single-family suburban PRS houses, 
and provides market evidence for the current 
and future valuation of the Company’s assets, 
both on its own balance sheet and managed for 
external parties.

The homes in the initial UK PRS Properties 
portfolio, which we completed in November 
2018, are situated across sites in the North 
West and West Midlands. They generate 
approximately £6.2m in annual rental income. 
Sigma earned £0.43m for its services from this 
joint venture in the period to 30 September 
2020. In June 2020, we commenced the delivery 
of a site of 65 units at Walsall in the West 
Midlands, which is expected to complete in the 
spring of 2022.

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT (CONTINUED)

Although the aggregate debt facilities total £450 
million, £75 million of the Lloyds Banking Group 
/ RBS facility and the £50 million Barclays Bank 
PLC debt facility are drawn as development debt 
facilities to enable a larger number of sites to be 
developed simultaneously. Following practical 
completion and stabilisation of lettings on sites 
partially funded by development debt, the assets 
are refinanced using the REIT’s longer-term 
investment debt facilities. On that basis, the 
total borrowings will not exceed the maximum 
gearing level of 45%. 

On 3 December 2020, the Company announced 
that it had delivered the 3,000th home for the 
REIT. Soon after, Sigma completed negotiations 
for the acquisition of a fully-let development 
of 123 homes from BlackRock Real Assets, 
taking the REIT’s portfolio at 31 December 2020 
to 3,163 homes, with an ERV of £29.4m. The 
development was well-known to us, having been 
created and developed by Sigma for BlackRock 
Real Assets in 2019. Its acquisition also marked 
the full commitment by Sigma of the REIT’s 
funding resource of £900m (gross). 

Delivery of new homes for the REIT in the period 
under review was severely disrupted by the 
coronavirus pandemic and, in particular, by the 
initial national lockdown. Construction activity 
was suspended for approximately six weeks, 
from the end of March to early May. Sites were 
reopened with social distancing and other safety 
measures in place, and while this has adversely 
affected the pace of delivery, the new working 
practices are working well. We estimate that the 
shutdown and decreased productivity reduced 
unit delivery in the nine month period by c. 600 
homes.

Notwithstanding the disruption, a total of 1,017 
homes were completed in the nine month period 
to 30 September 2020, compared with 842 in 
the prior 12-month financial year. This reflected 
the significant increase in the number of sites in 
the delivery programme. It took the total number 
of completed homes at 30 September 2020 to 
2,634 across six of the eight major regions of 
England (31 December 2019: 1,617). The ERV of 
the completed homes at 30 September 2020 
was £24.3m per annum (31 December 2019: 
£14.9m per annum).

We are now well into the final stages of 
delivering the REIT’s initial portfolio, which once 
fully optimized is anticipated to be around 5,200 
homes, with an ERV of approximately £50.0m 
per annum. Delivery of the 5,000th home is 
currently expected in late 2021/early 2022. 

Gatehouse Bank and UK PRS Properties 
The 918 new homes, known as the Thistle 
Portfolio, delivered under our joint venture 
with Gatehouse Bank, and the 684 properties 
completed for UK PRS Properties, which is 
principally backed by the Kuwaiti Investment 
Authority and institutional shareholders from the 
State of Kuwait, continued to rent very well. 

The homes in the Thistle Portfolio, which we 
completed in March 2017, are located across 
15 sites in the North of England and generate 
rental income of about £8.3m per annum 
for Gatehouse Bank. Sigma earned an asset 
management fee of approximately £0.4m 
from the portfolio in the nine months to 30 
September 2020. 

10

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

11

 
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT (CONTINUED)

SELF-FUNDED PRS ACTIVITIES 

During the period, Sigma completed the 
development, letting and sale of two self-funded 
sites to the REIT, a 21-unit development in 
Bury St. Edmunds and 31-unit development in 
Birmingham. The combined rental income from 
the 52 properties is about £0.6m per annum. 
The total sales value of the two sites was £11.9m, 
based on an independent valuations by Savills, 
and the realised profit for Sigma was £1.1m.

The Company currently has six self-funded 
development sites under way, in the North West, 
Midlands, South and London. These will deliver 
approximately 395 homes in total and have a 
combined GDC of £90.8m and an ERV of £5.1m 
per annum. 

The two development sites in London have 
a total GDC of c.£43.1m and are Sigma’s first 
build-to-rent activity in this region. One site 
is an 80-unit development site at Beam Park, 
part of a £1 billion regeneration project under 
way across the London Boroughs of Havering 
and Barking & Dagenham, on land released 
by the Greater London Authority as part of its 
plans for new London homes. The other site is 
a 77-unit development at Fresh Wharf, a major 
riverside scheme close to Barking Town centre. 
Sigma is working with Countryside Properties 
and L&Q New Homes at the Beam Park scheme, 
and with Countryside Properties and Notting 
Hill Developments at Fresh Wharf. Once the 
properties have achieved practical completion 
they will be sold to our London joint venture 
with EQT Real Estate, seeding the venture with 
its first completed assets.

Opportunity for PRS in Scotland
The Sigma Scottish PRS Fund (“the Scottish 
Fund”) was established in partnership with 
the Scottish Government to create new rental 
homes in Scottish cities. To support the venture, 
a Collaboration Agreement was signed with 
Springfield Properties plc (“Springfield”), a 
leading house builder in Scotland. However, 
this venture was paused with the onset of the 
coronavirus crisis although we continue to 
review our options relative to value creation 
opportunities elsewhere in the UK. 

REGENERATION PARTNERSHIPS 

Our regeneration activities support our local 
authority partners and involve taking on projects 
that fit well with our existing relationships and 
core PRS activities. 

The transformation of a 19-acre former 
secondary school site at Gateacre in Liverpool, 
was completed in 2019 and, as a result, the Group 
dealt with residual matters during 2020. The 
Group received dividends from its joint venture 
with Countryside during the period of £4.3m. 

BUILDING COMMUNITIES 

The new homes that Sigma is delivering for the 
REIT’s portfolio form new neighbourhoods and 
communities. We recognise our responsibility 
towards ensuring that these are well-functioning 
communities, and our vision is to create homes 
and neighbourhoods that people will enjoy living 
in and will feel a part of. 

All the homes that we deliver are marketed 
under our ‘Simple Life’ brand and, as we have 
previously stated, our goal is for this brand to be 
increasingly recognised as representing a gold 
standard in the private rental market. 

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Mike has over 20 years of experience in senior 
financial roles at listed and private companies. 
He has worked across a range of sectors, 
including residential property. He was previously 
Group CFO at Baxters Food Group Limited, 
the international food processing company, 
CFO at Lomond Capital, the residential asset 
management company specialising in the UK 
private rental sector, and Group Finance Director 
at Murray International Holdings Limited, the 
property and metals group.

The finance team was further strengthened with 
the appointment of a Group Financial Planning 
and Treasury Manager along with a Financial 
Controller dedicated to the REIT’s activities.

Our dedicated London team, which is working 
on delivery for our joint venture with EQT Real 
Estate, was strengthened with the appointment 
of a London-based asset manager and a 
dedicated financial analyst.

The Board is committed to maintaining high 
standards of Corporate Governance, and 
continues to adhere to the Quoted Companies 
Alliance Code. The Board has considered how 
each principle of this Code is applied and 
we provide a full explanation in our Strategic 
Report section and also on our website www.
sigmacapital.co.uk. We have a clear strategy and 
business model, focused risk management, an 
effective and experienced Board, appropriate 
governance structures and effective dialogue 
with our major shareholders. Our intention is to 
continue to develop our culture and our dialogue 
with the wider stakeholder interests.

In order to help to forge the social links that 
underpin communities and create a sense of 
neighbourliness, we organise regular events 
across our developments to bring people 
together. We also build links with the wider 
community. We have supported a number of 
local primary schools over the past year, with 
projects including a library refurbishment and the 
provision of outdoor play equipment. We intend 
to continue to build on these initiatives, and are 
moving forward with ideas, big and small, which 
will help to create a better environment for our 
tenants and their local communities.

At this difficult time, we have increased 
our communication with tenants to ensure 
that tenants feel well- supported by us. At 
the beginning of lockdown, we launched a 
programme of online interactions, including 
exercise, cookery classes, and advice on 
accessing the Government’s assistance packages. 
We intend to maintain supportive contact with 
tenants throughout the lockdown period. 

THE BOARD AND MANAGEMENT

In May 2020, I was delighted to join the Board 
as Non-executive Chairman. I was previously 
Group Chief Executive of Countryside Properties 
plc, and before that I was UK Chief Executive of 
Taylor Wimpey plc and Chief Operating Officer 
of SEGRO plc. We are very pleased that David 
Sigsworth, my predecessor, remains on the Board 
as Senior Independent Non-executive Director.

In March 2020, Mike McGill was appointed to 
the Board as Group Chief Financial Officer. 
As well as taking executive responsibility 
for the overall financial management of the 
Group and its subsidiaries, Mike is specifically 
responsible for financial matters relating to 
the REIT. Malcolm Briselden, Finance Director 
of Sigma, remains in operational charge of 
Sigma’s finance team, working closely with 
Mike. Malcolm is focusing on Sigma’s activities 
outside the REIT, including London.

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 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT (CONTINUED)

OUTLOOK

The pace of delivery for the PRS REIT has stepped up significantly over the last six months. This reflects 
the number of sites under construction and advancing towards maturity. While coronavirus restrictions 
somewhat slowed activity, there is very good momentum now, and we expect to deliver the 5,000th 
completed rental home for the PRS REIT in late 2021 or early 2022. 

Rent collection and rent demand across all portfolios remains strong. Over the six months to 31 
December 2021, the rent collected on the REIT’s portfolio was 100% of the rent invoiced during the 
period while arrears have remained unchanged at only £0.2m. This is less than 1% of annualised ERV 
of £29.4m on completed homes. At 31 December 2020, 3,045 homes of the 3,163 completed homes 
were occupied. The recent extension of our Investment Advisory Services contract with the REIT gives 
us even greater visibility of earnings and allows us to plan effectively for the next stage of the REIT’s 
growth. 

The sale of the Thistle Portfolio, Sigma’s first large-scale PRS portfolio, for c.£150m proves the value 
that our model is able to create for partners and for Sigma. We completed this portfolio’s delivery in 
March 2017 for a gross development cost of £110m, and it has consistently delivered returns above 
expectations, with average occupancy at 99% and average rent collection at 98%. We believe that 
its sale, in which Sigma’s beneficial interest realised £2.9m net, is the first of a large-scale portfolio of 
single-let family homes in the UK. It will act as a benchmark for the valuations of Sigma’s other PRS 
portfolios. 

Our new joint venture with EQT Real Estate launched in September has added another long-term 
recurring revenue stream and the opportunity for capital growth on self-funded assets. We are also 
delighted to have Homes England’s continuing support with this new venture. We are in the process of 
acquiring and developing initial seed assets for the targeted 3,000 home portfolio, and are increasing 
our pipeline of opportunity to more than meet our targets. We estimate that fee income alone from 
the JV is worth a potential c.£45m to Sigma in the first five years. This is based on a delivery of £1bn in 
gross development costs. 

The new collaboration agreement with Countryside for another 5,000 homes over the next three years 
further underpins our growth plans.

I would like to thank all our staff and partners, particularly Countryside, for their ongoing support in a 
difficult period for us all. We look forward to an exciting year of further growth and development. 

Trading in the first quarter of the new financial year is in line with management expectations, and 
with construction activity now closer to normal levels, the Group is in a strong position to achieve its 
targets for the financial year. 

Ian Sutcliffe
Chairman

20 January 2021 

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ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

15
15

CORONAVIRUS  
AND GOING 
CONCERN REVIEW

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

CORONAVIRUS AND  
GOING CONCERN REVIEW

CORONAVIRUS AND  
GOING CONCERN  

This going concern review begins with a 
summary of the risks that coronavirus poses to 
the Company together with actions we have 
already taken and continue to take to ensure that 
not only does the business weather the storm, 
but will also be well placed to emerge from the 
crisis in a position of financial strength.

Countries around the world have been hit 
by coronavirus. The virus has spread on a 
global basis and is designated a “pandemic”. 
Despite significant mitigating action including 
self-isolation for people suspected of having 
the virus, and a combination of an effective 
lockdown through social distancing for all but 
essential workers and the imposition of varying 
degrees of restrictions on social interaction 
across the country, the impact of the virus has 
been significant in terms of extent and timing. 
This represents a material risk to house building 
and letting activity together with the operations 
of the Company as a whole. Coronavirus has 
impacted the Group in the following areas:

• 

• 

• 

 Company staff operating from home or 
otherwise unable to work or absent from 
work; 

 House builders unable to continue with 
construction work on sites or forced to reduce 
or suspend construction work on sites due to 
a combination of the effective lockdown and 
restrictions or as staff are unable to work or 
are absent from work; 

 Letting agents unable to progress activities in 
respect of lettings, repairs and maintenance or 
only able to operate a limited service due to 
a combination of the effective lockdown and 
restrictions or as staff are unable to work or 
are absent from work;

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

 Income reduction and doubtful debts as some 
tenants struggle to maintain rental payments 
resulting from a loss of income due to a 
combination of the effective lockdown and 
restrictions or as individuals are without work, 
unable to work or are absent from work; 

 Disruption to the supply chain as raw 
materials and construction products are not 
produced or imported as workers are unable 
to work or are absent from work; 

 General disruption to employees, house 
builders, letting agents and the supply chain 
due to restrictions on the movement of goods 
and people; 

 Impact of the virus on the economy and 
market sentiment; and

 Further waves of the coronavirus and potential 
for further national lockdowns or significant 
localised restrictions on social interaction. 

The absence of Company staff from the office 
workplace has been mitigated by remote working 
from home. We have adapted our technology 
to facilitate remote working throughout the 
business in order to keep our operations and 
projects as on track as practically possible 
during the coronavirus pandemic. The Company 
has not furloughed staff or made use of any of 
the Government schemes providing support to 
companies or individuals in financial difficulty 
during or because of the crisis. Sigma’s intention 
is still to keep all employees actively working as 
far as possible and to maintain contractual terms 
and conditions throughout.

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17

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

be able to continue construction and lettings 
activity, particularly in those regions unaffected 
by restrictions. As mentioned above, cessation 
of construction work on development sites 
would reduce short-term cash outflows although 
practical completion and lettings schedules 
would be delayed.

There remains the risk of further waves 
of coronavirus unless and until the wider 
vaccination programme is implemented, and 
greater potential for further national and local 
lockdowns or restrictions. Having experienced 
the initial lockdowns, the Group and Company 
have a good understanding of how to react 
quickly to adapt to additional lockdowns. 

CORONAVIR US  AN D GOING  CO NCE RN RE VI EW  (CONTINUED)

A greater issue has been in relation to house 
building and letting activity where the effective 
lockdown ceased construction activity in the 
short term from the end of March up until May 
when lockdown restrictions began to ease. Even 
then, construction activity only began to resume 
comprehensively in June and has subsequently 
been adjusted to reflect continuing requirements 
for social distancing and guidance around 
public transport meaning that construction 
levels have not fully returned to pre-lockdown 
levels. A further complication has been the 
introduction of varying degrees of localised 
lockdown restrictions in response to outbreaks 
of coronavirus in particular areas.

Importantly, the Company’s contractual obligations 
only provide for payment to house builders in 
respect of work undertaken and independently 
certified. The absence of construction activity 
thereby negates development expenditure thus 
mitigating cash outflows. 

In relation to income and doubtful debts, the 
Company carefully vets prospective tenants and 
typically obtains rent insurance for at least the 
first year of new lettings where there is limited 
covenant history or if the employment sector 
is considered to be at greater risk. To date, 
coronavirus related arrears have been managed 
by agreeing payment plans with tenants 
encountering difficulties. The insurer has been 
notified of this in order to preserve rights of 
claim but policies ultimately pay out in the event 
that arrears are not recovered through payment 
plans. This, together with the geographic spread 
of multiple sites will help mitigate against the 
inevitable bad debts. 

Preserving the employment of staff, rather 
than furloughing, also enables Sigma to work 
with letting agents as we proactively assist and 
support those tenants encountering difficulty 
during the crisis in a responsible and reasonable 
manner. The adaptation of our technology has 

meant that this important tenant interaction and 
engagement has continued through a variety of 
telephone, e-mail and social media.

In terms of supply chain disruption, significant 
efforts and contingencies had already been put 
in place in respect of Brexit through securing 
additional inventory of supplies, including timber. 
In addition, all of our suppliers have worked 
quickly to adapt to new ways of working in 
accordance with government guidelines to 
enable all areas of the business to continue, 
although at a slower rate than before.

The coronavirus has had a major impact on 
the economy and market sentiment. During 
August, announcements indicated that the UK 
has technically entered a severe recession as a 
result of two successive quarters of negative 
GDP growth. The Bank of England has recently 
signalled that another technical recession 
is likely following the most recent round of 
restrictions. However, there is a structural 
under supply of new family homes in the UK 
and indications suggest that the pandemic and 
recession may have increased demand for the 
Group’s high quality but affordable product 
across multiple regions.

There is a risk of reduced property valuations 
due to changes in rental levels, bad and 
doubtful debt risk and sector attractiveness 
impacting yields. Having experienced the first 
lockdown, the Group and Company has a 
good understanding of how to react quickly 
to adapt to further lockdowns. New systems 
are in place, which enable the Company to 
better support tenants e.g. with online repairs 
and maintenance assistance. It presently 
appears that varying degrees of lockdown 
measures look likely to continue pending broad 
vaccination coverage. Given the geographic 
spread of sites and reflecting government’s 
desire to maintain as much economic activity 
as is reasonably possible, the Group is likely to 

18

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ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

19

 
CORONAVIR US  AND GOING  CO NCE RN RE VI EW  (CONTINUED)

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

CORONAVIRUS STRESS TESTS  

In light of the above, the Company has 
performed a prudent financial stress test 
geared towards ensuring that it has sufficient 
cash resources to weather the pandemic and 
subsequently emerge in a strong enough 
condition to continue to implement the 
focused build to rent strategy. The stress test 
incorporated the following sensitivities:

 A starting point of £25.8 million of cash 
balances with no associated borrowings;

 Cessation of construction activities for 
a period of 3 months from the end of 
December 2020 albeit currently construction 
is continuing on all sites;

 For investment property developed by Sigma 
a delay of 3 months to current expected 
forecast sale date;

 Development fees generated from 
construction activities in The PRS REIT plc 
modelled as not being earned during the 3 
month period of the cessation of construction 
activities;

 Reduction of rental income on properties 
owned by Sigma by 20% with no subsequent 
recovery therefore reflecting potential on 
going coronavirus issues;

 Inclusion of only contracted revenue and does 
not include any additional revenue from any 
new potential sources;

 Continuation of employment costs as 
currently contracted without any reduction 
for cost saving initiatives, mitigating action 
or contribution from any Government backed 
furlough scheme;

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

20

- 

- 

 Maintenance of the Company’s overhead base 
of c.£7million per annum without reduction 
from cost saving initiatives or mitigating 
action; and

 Prudent assumptions in relation to tax 
liabilities and the timing of payment in 
respect thereof.

In addition, the Group’s limited recourse 
development facility of £45m with Homes 
England is due for repayment on 30 September 
2021. We are currently in discussions with Homes 
England regarding this and based on our long 
standing relationship and strong partnership 
with Homes England, reasonably expect 
the facility to be renewed. The relationship 
is reflected not just in the provision of the 
development facility to Sigma Group but also 
in the role of Homes England as a cornerstone 
investor in the PRS REIT and lender to the 
Company’s joint venture in London with EQT. 
However, for going concern purposes the 
Company has assessed that in the highly unlikely 
event that the facility is not renewed, it will have 
enough cash resources, after the agreed sale 
of its London assets to its joint venture with 
EQT Real Estate, for the facility to be repaid if 
required.

CONCLUSION OF CORONAVIRUS STRESS TESTS

The conclusion of our stress test is that the business has more than adequate cash resources to 
sustain an extended cessation of construction and disruption to letting activity lasting at least 12 
months with estimated funding resources of more than £24 million remaining and being maintained 
even after this time. Without any income or costs saving measures whatsoever, which is neither 
commercial nor realistic, this would represent more than three years’ worth of total overheads for the 
business.

Therefore, the Directors believe the Group is well placed to manage its business risks successfully and 
the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group will have adequate resources to continue 
in operational existence for the foreseeable future and for a period of at least 12 months from the date 
of the approval of the Group’s consolidated financial statements for the period ended 30 September 
2020. The Board is therefore of the opinion that the going concern basis adopted in the preparation of 
the consolidated financial statements for the period ended 30 September 2020 is appropriate.

CORONAVIRUS CONCLUSION

Overall, coronavirus remains a real and existing risk which requires careful monitoring and a 
management in conjunction with our house building partners and Letting Agents in order to mitigate 
the likely issues as much as possible pending the restoration of a more normal working and living 
environment. As one would expect the Company will continue to objectively review and assess the 
impact of the coronavirus outbreak and government response on both its strategy and focus of 
activities. Importantly, however, the pandemic will ultimately pass and the Company is well placed to 
thrive thereafter.

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

21
21

STRATEGIC  
REPORT

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

STRATEGIC REPORT

The Directors have pleasure in presenting their Strategic Report for the period ended 30 September 
2020. This report must be read in conjunction with the Chairman’s Statement on pages 6 to 14, 
the Stakeholder Engagement and S172 Statement on pages 34 to 39 and the Principal Risks and 
Uncertainties on pages 62 to 69.

CORONAVIRUS

The impact of the coronavirus and the Company 
and Group’s Going Concern Review are discussed 
on pages 16 to 21.

BUSINESS ACTIVITIES AND  
GROUP STRUCTURE

Sigma is a public limited liability holding 
company incorporated in England and is listed on 
AIM, the London Stock Exchange’s international 
market for smaller growing companies. Its 
activities, including those of its subsidiaries, are 
principally focused on the Private Rented Sector, 
but also encompass urban regeneration and 
property asset management.

At 30 September 2020, Sigma had four principal 
and wholly-owned subsidiaries:

-  Sigma Capital Property Ltd (“SCP”)
-  Sigma PRS Management Ltd (“Sigma PRS”)
-  Sigma Inpartnership Ltd (“SIP”)
-  Sigma Technology Investments Limited (“STI”)

The Group’s PRS activities are carried out by SCP, 
its subsidiaries, and Sigma PRS. In May 2017, the 
Group announced the launch of The PRS REIT 
plc (“PRS REIT” or “REIT”) on the Specialist Fund 
Segment of the Main Market of the London Stock 
Exchange. At the same time, £250 million gross 
was raised through an Initial Public Offering of 
REIT shares, with the net funds to be used to 
create a substantial portfolio of new-build PRS 
homes. In February 2018, a further £250 million 
(gross) was raised through a Placing Programme 
and, since then, the REIT has secured £400 
million of debt facilities. Sigma PRS is Investment 
Adviser to the REIT, having signed a five year 
management contract in May 2017. 

This contract was extended in January 2021 from 
31 May 2022 to 31 December 2025, with a one 
year notice period thereafter. Sigma PRS is also 
Development Manager to the REIT, and holds an 
equity interest in it.

Over the period, Sigma added 1,017 homes to 
the REIT’s portfolio, taking it to 2,634 homes 
at 30 September 2020. On 3 December 2020, 
the 3,000th home was completed, and on 
21 December 2020, Sigma announced it had 
negotiated the acquisition of a development of 
123 fully-let units from Blackrock Real Assets. 
This took the total number of completed homes 
in the REIT’s portfolio to 3,163 on 31 December 
2020. The acquisition also marked the full 
commitment of the REIT’s funding resource of 
£900m (gross). The REIT’s portfolio, once fully 
optimised, is anticipated to grow to about 5,200 
homes and delivery of the 5,000th home is 
currently expected in late 2021/early 2022. 

In September 2020, the Group announced the 
launch of a residential joint venture with EQT 
Real Estate to deliver high quality, new-build 
homes for private rental in Greater London. 
The joint venture is being supported by 
Homes England, the housing agency of the UK 
Government, and is targeting the establishment 
of an initial portfolio of approximately 3,000 
homes with a value in excess of £1 billion.

Through SCP, Sigma also funds the development 
of new PRS homes and, during period to 30 
September 2020, completed and subsequently 
sold two fully-developed and let PRS sites to 
the REIT. This brought the total number of 
completed self-funded sites to eleven since 
2015 when self-funded PRS activity started. SCP 
currently has a further six self-funded PRS sites 
underway. This includes two sites in London, at 
Fresh Wharf, Barking and Beam Park, Havering. 

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 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

for Gatehouse Bank and UK PRS Properties, as 
well as the homes we have delivered for the REIT 
and for ourselves. 

Over the course of the new financial year and 
beyond, Sigma will be focused on continuing 
the delivery of the balance of the 5,200 homes 
that make up the REIT’s expected initial portfolio 
as well as progressing its joint venture with 
EQT Real Estate, and extending its platform 
relationships. Management believes that the 
Group remains in a very strong position for 
continuing growth. 

STRATEGI C REPORT (CONTINUED)

Once completed, these sites will be acquired 
by the EQT Real Estate joint venture, thereby 
seeding the initial portfolio with assets. 

The Group’s first PRS joint venture (the Thistle 
Portfolio), was launched in November 2014 with 
Gatehouse Bank plc. Comprising 918 new family 
homes, the portfolio was completed in March 
2017 and proved the effectiveness of the Group’s 
PRS property platform. A venture targeting 684 
PRS homes, across eight sites, was launched in 
December 2015 with UK PRS Properties (a fund 
principally backed by the Kuwait Investment 
Authority and institutional shareholders from the 
State of Kuwait). Construction was completed 
in 2018, and, in June 2020, we commenced the 
development of a new site for UK PRS Properties 
in the West Midlands. This site comprises 66 
rental units and is scheduled to complete in the 
Spring of 2022. 

Rental and occupancy levels across both these 
ventures have consistently performed well.

In January 2021, Sigma’s beneficial interest 
in the Thistle Portfolio was realised when the 
Portfolio was successfully sold by Gatehouse 
Bank. Sigma’s share of total sale profit, after 
certain hurdles, is £2.9m cash (net). This is 
53% above the book value of £1.9m ascribed 
to Sigma’s interest in the Thistle Portfolio as 
at 30 September 2020. The highly successful 
sale strongly validates Sigma’s strategy and 
demonstrates the value that our model is 
capable of creating. 

The Group’s property regeneration activities 
are largely carried out by its subsidiary, SIP, 
which undertakes large-scale, property-related 
regeneration projects, working as a bridge 
between public and private sector organisations. 
Founded in 2000 and operating from offices 
in Manchester, SIP has two partnerships, with 
Liverpool City Council and Salford City Council.
The Group has equity interests in a venture 

capital fund and in an unquoted company, both 
held by STI.

infrastructure and good primary schooling are 
fundamental to Sigma’s PRS model. 

During the period to 30 September 2020, the 
Group expanded and enhanced its delivery into 
London with the announcement of the joint 
venture with EQT Real Estate. In December 
2020, we also entered into a new Collaboration 
Agreement with Countryside for a further 
c.5,000 new homes over the next three years. 
This new agreement comes after our previous 
collaboration fulfilled its target of 5,000 homes. 

Sigma has now delivered c.4,800 PRS homes 
in six years since creating its PRS property 
platform. This includes the 1,602 homes delivered 

GROWTH STRATEGY

The Group’s core strategy is to utilise its 
property and capital raising expertise to further 
its PRS activities and deliver family housing. The 
geographies in which we deliver assets have 
steadily expanded, and we have also diversified 
the financial instruments that we manage to 
deliver those assets. We work with central and 
local authorities, house builders and funding 
partners, including Homes England. The Board 
believes that the Group is one of the leading 
operators in the private rented sector in the UK, 
and a leading player in family homes.

The private rental sector currently accounts 
for around 25% of all housing stock, up from 
around 19% in 2015. The institutionally owned 
and managed build-to-rent sector represents 
under 4% of this total, which according to Savills, 
has the potential to grow to c.1.5m households 
or a third of all available rental stock. Most 
build-to-rent activity in the UK to date has been 
focused on the development of higher value 
flats in London and regional city centres, with 
little development elsewhere in the regions. The 
current pipeline of build-to-rent homes in both 
London and the regions remains modest at 
c.172,000 homes, with just over 51,000 complete. 
This provides a significant growth opportunity 
for the Group, particularly with our focus on 
single-family homes in the regions and at the 
“affordable” end of the spectrum of market rent.

Sigma’s growth strategy remains focused on 
extending its activities so as to deliver homes 
across multiple regions in the UK through its PRS 
property platform. Diversifying delivery in this 
way mitigates the risk associated with a narrower 
geographic concentration. In addition, locations 
near to large employment centres, local transport 

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ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

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 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

STRATEGI C REPORT (CONTINUED)

OVERVIEW OF THE BUSINESS 

Private Rented Sector Residential Portfolio
The Group’s PRS model enables it to purchase 
residential land assets with planning permission, 
predominately sourced from local authority 
partnerships and house building relationships, 
for its fund structures. 

From a local authority perspective, a key 
advantage that Sigma offers is that it can deliver 
large-scale, high-quality housing that helps to 
meet both local housing need and regeneration 
objectives. Efficiency is another major attraction 
since Sigma’s PRS model can deliver new homes 
at a rate that is some four to five times faster 
than the rate at which ‘market-for-sale’ homes 
are typically built. ‘Market for-sale’ homes tend 
to be constructed at the pace of sales demand, 
which can be restricted by mortgage availability. 
Furthermore, local authorities benefit from 
increased council tax receipts from new homes 
and, in England, from the Government’s New 
Homes Bonus Scheme. 

The rapidity of delivery provided by our PRS 
property platform is also attractive to our house 
building partners as it offers the opportunity 
of an enhanced return on capital as well as 
de-risking and quickly maturing those sites on 
which there is a mix of ‘market-for-sale’ and PRS 
homes. The control and pace of this delivery 
is without doubt the biggest challenge in our 
business. 

The PRS REIT plc
In 2017, the PRS REIT raised £250 million (gross) 
through an IPO to invest in new PRS homes 
and in February 2018, a further £250 million 
(gross) was raised via a Placing Programme. 
Investment and development debt facilities 
totalling £450 million have been secured with 
Scottish Widows, Lloyds Banking Group, The 
Royal Bank of Scotland plc and Barclays Bank 
plc with maximum gearing of 45%. This took the 

REIT’s funding resource to £900 million (gross). 
As previously stated, the launch of the REIT in 
2017 fundamentally transformed Sigma’s model. 
The Company has a management contract with 
the REIT as Investment Adviser, and is also 
Development Manager. In January 2021, the term 
of this contract was extended from 31 May 2022 
to 31 December 2025, with a one year notice 
period thereafter.

Sigma is remunerated by the REIT in two ways. 
Firstly, Sigma receives development management 
fees in respect of sites that are developed 
directly by the REIT and, secondly, it receives an 
investment advisory fee, which is based on an 
adjusted net asset value of the REIT’s portfolio. 
In addition, the REIT may acquire completed and 
let sites from Sigma, through forward purchase 
agreements, subject to those sites meeting its 
investment criteria. Sites are independently 
valued on behalf of the REIT and Sigma 
recognises any revaluation gains. 

As at 30 September 2020, the number of 
completed and contracted homes for the 
PRS REIT stood at 5,003 with a total ERV of 
c.£47.6m. At 31 December 2020, this had grown 
to c. 5,126, with a total ERV of £48.8m.

London joint venture with EQT Real Estate
In September 2020, the Group announced the 
launch of a joint venture with EQT Real Estate, 
the real estate platform of global investment 
firm EQT, to deliver high-quality, new-build 
homes for private rental in Greater London. 
The joint venture is being supported by 
Homes England, the housing agency of the UK 
government, and is targeting the establishment 
of an initial portfolio of approximately 3,000 
homes with a value in excess of £1bn. Two sites, 
currently under development by Sigma, at Fresh 
Wharf, Barking and Beam Park, Havering will 
be acquired by the joint venture on practical 
completion. This is expected by September 2021.

Sigma Self-funded PRS - regions
The Company has been funding its own PRS 
assets since 2015, when it raised £20 million 
(gross) from a share placing in order to create a 
substantial portfolio of new rental homes. In 2016, 
the Group agreed a £45 million revolving credit 
facility with Homes England, which materially 
increased its ability to scale its delivery of self-
funded homes. 

During 2020, two development sites were 
completed, let and then acquired by the REIT, 
thereby releasing capital for further investment. 
This takes the number of sites that the Company 
has successfully developed and sold to the REIT 
to eleven. All sites acquired by the REIT are 
independently valued. The Company is currently 
active on a further six sites, including two in 
London. 

Sigma Self-funded PRS - London
In September 2019, Sigma acquired two sites in 
London from Countryside Properties plc at Fresh 
Wharf, Barking and Beam Park, Havering. They 
have a total development cost of c.£43.0 million 
and will yield a total of 157 units. We expect both 
assets to be completed and then sold to our joint 
venture with EQT Real Estate. 

Beam Park is an 80-unit development site that 
is part of a £1 billion regeneration project that 
is under way across the London Boroughs of 
Havering on land released by the Greater London 
Authority. Fresh Wharf is a 77-unit development 
site forming part of a major riverside scheme 
near to Barking.

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 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

In 2021, we plan to expand our brand into 
London as part of our new joint venture with 
EQT Real Estate. The same ‘gold standard’ 
approach will be applied in this market. 

STRATEGI C REPORT (CONTINUED)

‘Simple Life’ Letting Brand
All of Sigma’s PRS sites, including those we 
deliver for the REIT, are marketed under our 
build-to-rent brand, ‘Simple Life’. Our objective is 
to position ‘Simple Life’ as the ‘gold standard’ in 
the private rented sector offering a high quality, 
long-term rental solution for those wanting to 
benefit from the flexibility of renting. We take a 
proactive approach to monitor the needs of both 
our residents and the wider rental market. 

The brand is dedicated to ‘making life simple’ 
for residents, whether this is through new 
technology, such as our FixFlo maintenance 
reporting software, our new resident portal, or 
through helpful initiatives such as our ‘how to’ 
videos and teams of ‘Handymen’. Additionally, 
we are strongly focused on promoting a sense of 
community for residents of Simple Life homes. 
We do this both by creating opportunities for 
neighbours to get together through the many 
events that we run throughout the year, and 
by forging links with the wider community, 

especially through our support for schools and 
local charities. Our focus on residents’ health and 
wellbeing and our efforts to support residents 
through the challenges of the coronavirus has 
further demonstrated the customer-centric 
approach our brand represents.

New tracking processes implemented in 2020, 
has allowed the Company to build a greater 
understanding of the sources of enquiries, with 
our website generating the greatest number of 
leads. Recommendations from existing customers 
was one of the biggest reasons for visiting the 
Simple Life website*. 

Results from the last 12 months of our customer 
satisfaction surveys (below) indicate a high 
level of satisfaction among tenants and there 
are a number of customer testimonial videos 
available to watch on our dedicated YouTube 
channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/
UCsZTzlt2UuzQF_ypvTpWD1Q. 

Move in survey

10 month survey

97% said the team made it easy to apply

96% said they are still happy with their home

89% said they were kept well-informed during 
the application process

89% said they are happy with the service provided

96% said they received all the information they 
required

73% said they felt they have been kept well-informed

91% said they found the process of moving in to 
their home straight forward

94% said the communal areas are well maintained

87% said the quality of the home met with their 
expectations

85% said they feel part of a community

94% said they would recommend Simple Life

95% said they would recommend Simple Life

*Based on Ascend data 2020

28

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

29
29

STRATEGI C REPORT  (CONTINUED)

Joint Ventures with Gatehouse Bank plc and UK 
PRS Properties
Launched in November 2014 and completed in 
March 2017, our joint venture with Gatehouse 
Bank helped to prove the effectiveness of our 
PRS model. The venture delivered 918 high-
quality, single-family homes (mainly houses) 
across 15 sites in the North West of England, 
for a total gross development cost of c.£110m 
(the Thistle Portfolio). Homes were built on land 
procured by Sigma, using its local authority 
partnerships. Access to good schooling, 
transport links and other amenities were 
priorities when selecting sites. Gatehouse Bank, 
a leading London-based Shariah compliant 
investment bank, delivered the equity element of 
the venture whilst Barclays Bank plc provided the 
debt financing. 

The Thistle Portfolio has consistently performed 
well, with high occupancy levels in excess of 
95%. It generates approximately £8.3 million per 
annum in rental income.

In January 2021, the Thistle portfolio was sold to 
Goldman Sachs Merchant Banking Division and 
Pitmore for a total consideration of c.£150m. This 
crystallised Sigma’s beneficial interest, generating 
a total net cash payment of £2.9m to Sigma, 
after certain hurdles. This was 53% above book 
value of £1.9m at 30 September 2020. The Thistle 
Portfolio generated c.£0.5m in annual asset 
management fees, which following the sale will 
no longer apply. 

Our joint venture with UK PRS Properties 
completed its initial portfolio of 684 family 
homes across eight sites in the North West and 
Midlands in November 2018. This portfolio has 
also performed very well, and Sigma earns annual 
asset management fees of c.£0.4m per annum. In 
June 2020, we commenced the delivery of a site 
of 65 units at Walsall in the West Midlands for UK 
PRS Properties. The site is due to complete in the 
spring of 2022.

Sigma continues to retain a share of the net profits 
on disposal of the assets of UK PRS Properties, 
subject to a minimum return to investors.

URBAN REGENERATION

Liverpool Partnership (also referred to as 
Regeneration Liverpool)
The Liverpool Partnership is a limited liability 
partnership formed in 2007 between SIP and 
Liverpool City Council. The partnership was 
given an initial ten year option over a 60 acre 
residential development site, known as Norris 
Green, which had outline planning consent 
for around 800 new homes, with a total 
development value of c.£120 million. During 2019, 
the final element of the regeneration project was 
completed and the Group no longer expects to 
earn fees as a result of this partnership.

Residential Projects 
The transformation of a 19-acre former 
secondary school site at Gateacre in Liverpool, 
was completed in 2019 and, as a result, the Group 
dealt with residual matters during 2020. The 
Group received dividends from its joint venture 
with Countryside during the period of £4.3m. 

Salford Partnership (also known as  
Higher Broughton Partnership)
The Salford Partnership is our partnership with 
Salford City Council and The Royal Bank of 
Scotland plc.

During the year, we continued to deal with 
residual matters arising from previous residential 
and commercial projects of the Salford 
Partnership and no further fees are anticipated 
from this partnership.

Sigma’s relationship with Salford City Council 
remains productive, and continues to provide 
PRS development opportunities. 

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

VENTURE CAPITAL ACTIVITIES

Sigma continues to be a limited partner in 
one venture fund, which was transferred to 
Shackleton Ventures Limited in 2013. Sigma’s 
investment in the fund is held by STI. Sigma also 
holds an investment in an unquoted company. 

FINANCIAL REVIEW OF 2020

Figures for the period under review are for 
the nine month period to 30 September 2020, 
following the change in the Group’s accounting 
reference date. The comparative figures are for a 
12 month period to 31 December 2019. 

The Group’s revenue in the nine month period 
totalled £8 million (2019: £13.9 million), and 
reflected the impact of the coronavirus pandemic 
and shorter accounting period. The majority of 
the Group’s income is from development and 
investment advisory fees in respect of the REIT. 
In addition, revenues included fees from our 
managed PRS activities with Gatehouse Bank 
and UK PRS Properties, and rental income from 
our self-funded portfolio. Gross profit was £7.9 
million (2019: £13.8 million). 

The Group made a trading profit in the period 
of £2.2 million (2019: £7.9 million), with property 
activities contributing a trading profit of £2.2 
million (2019: £8.0 million). The venture capital 
activities contributed a trading loss of £6,000 
(2019: profit £13,000). Full detail of the results 
for the period by business segment is provided in 
note 3 to the financial statements.

Administrative costs were £5.7 million (2019: 
£5.9 million). This reflected the recruitment of 
additional employees to support the Company’s 
continuing growth and £0.4m of non-recurring 
costs. 

Profit from operations was £3.2 million (2019: 
£12.0 million) including gains from investment 
property of £1.3 million (2019: £3.9 million) and 
an unrealised loss of investments of £0.2 million 
(2019: profit £0.2 million). 

Profit before tax for the nine months was £3.2 
million (2019: £13.0 million).

The Group’s net assets increased to £60.8 million 
at 30 September 2020 (2019: £60.5 million). 
This equates to 67.9p per share (2019: 67.6p per 
share).

Balance sheet
The principal assets in the consolidated balance 
sheet are investment property of £66.0 million 
(2019: £53.8 million) as detailed in note 15, cash 
of £25.8m (2019: £16.8m), and investments held 
of £4.9 million (2019: £9.9 million) as detailed in 
notes 18, 19 and 20, which together account for 
92% (2019: 92%) of total assets.

The main current liability is the Homes England 
development loan of £42.7 million (2019: £19.2 
million), which represents 88% (2019: 67%) of 
total liabilities and as detailed in note 23.

Cash flow
Cash balances increased by £9.0 million to 
£25.8 million (2019: reduced by £6 million to 
£16.8 million). The increase during the period 
is primarily attributable to dividends of £4.3m 
received from our joint venture Countryside 
Sigma and cash realised from the disposal 
of historic investment property transactions, 
partially offset by the dividend paid to 
shareholders. Further details are provided in the 
consolidated cash flow statement. 

The cash outflow from operating activities was 
£1.3 million (2019: inflow £8.0 million). The cash 
outflow from investing activities was £11.6 million 
(2019: £28.8 million) along with the cash inflows 
from financing activities of £21.8 million (2019: 
£14.8 million).

30

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

31

 
 
 
 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

STRATEGI C REPORT (CONTINUED)

The key performance indicators are concentrated on the property activities. 

The Group’s key performance indicators include:

Revenue – all property activities

Operating profit – property activities

Realised and unrealised profit on revaluation of investment property  

Profit from operations

Basic earnings per share

Cash balances

Gearing

Net assets per share

9 months
2020
 £’000

12 months
2019
£’000

7,952

3,266

1,258

3,198

2.84

25,769

28.3%

68.3p

13,865

11 ,886

3,919

11 ,985

11.63p

16,827

4.5%

67.6p

The Group’s main source of revenue is from 
its property activities and movements are an 
indication of changes in recurring revenues. 
Revenue from this sector has decreased from 
the prior year largely due to the effect of the 
coronavirus and the reduction in the length of 
the accounting period. An analysis of revenue by 
property segment is detailed in note 3.

As well as revenue from its managed property 
activities, the Group develops investment 
property for capital appreciation and rental 
income. The Group’s realised and unrealised 
profit on the revaluation of investment property 
is derived from development of eleven 
investment properties, two of which were sold 
to the REIT during the period. The two disposals 
realised a cash profit of £1.1m (2019: two 
disposals, £2.1m). Further details are provided in 
notes 6 and 15.

As a result of the impact of coronavirus and the 
shorter accounting period, basic earnings per 
share decreased. 

As at 30 September 2020 the Group’s 
investment in property had increased to £66.0 
million across six sites including the two in 
London. The Group’s property portfolio is 
discussed further in the strategic report and an 
analysis is provided in note 15 of the accounts.

The Group’s financial assets decreased to £4.5m 
(2019: £5.2m). This decrease is primarily due to 
the reduction in the price of PRS REIT shares 
during the period. Further details are provided in 
note 20. 

Trade and other receivables of less than one year 
decreased to £2.1m (2019: £4.0m) mainly as a 
result of the payment of outstanding fees that 
were due at 31 December 2019.

The cash balances remained strong as a result 
of the recurring nature of the Group’s revenue 
as well as the receipt of dividends from its joint 
venture, Countryside Sigma, and realisation of 
historic profits from the disposal of investment 
property.

Trade and other payables less than one year 
decreased to £3.8m (2019: £6.6m). This is largely 
as a result of the reduced construction costs 
outstanding due at the end of the period. The 
majority of construction costs are paid in the 
month following in which they are invoiced.

The Group’s net debt borrowings compared to its 
net assets shows a gearing of 28.3% (2019: 4.5%). 
This, in part, reflects the increased utilisation of 
the revolving debt facility with Homes England. 
The amount of facility outstanding as at 30 
September 2020 was £42.7m (31 December 2019: 
£19.2m). 

Net assets per share at the year-end improved 
to 68.3p, a rise of 1% (2019: 67.6p) reflecting 
the combination of the profit after tax made 
during the nine months and reserve movements, 
including the dividend. 

The Board monitors certain non-financial key 
performance indicators, including the number of 
properties developed and delivered, the status of 
developments in progress, and lettings activity 
for completed developments. Further details 
on these are given on pages 23 to 27 of the 
Strategic Report. 

This strategic report was approved by the Board 
on 20 January 2021 and signed on behalf of the 
Board by

Graham Barnet
Chief Executive Officer

20 January 2021

32

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STAKEHOLDER 
ENGAGEMENT  
AND SECTION  
172 STATEMENT

34

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT  
AND SECTION 172 STATEMENT

STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT

Sigma is focused on delivering new homes for 
private rental across the UK, with family homes 
its key target market. The Group’s PRS property 
platform brings together a network of formal and 
informal relationships, which include construction 
partners, central government, local authorities, 
customers and communities. As a sustainable 
business, Sigma is providing an innovative build-
to-rent solution to address a national, market and 
societal demand for quality family homes.

Across the UK, Sigma engages with a range 
of interest groups to ensure we listen and 
understand the interests and concerns of all 
stakeholders, as well as seeking to deliver 
sustainable value for them. 

Effective engagement with stakeholders at Board 
level and throughout our business is crucial to 
fulfilling Sigma’s goal to deliver family PRS homes 
across the UK. While the importance of giving 
due consideration to our stakeholders is not new, 
we continue to explain in more detail how the 
Board engages with our stakeholders. We adopt a 
collaborative approach with all stakeholder groups 
including employees, customers, partners, house 
builders, suppliers, local authorities, regulators, 
funders and investors. This necessarily involves 
listening to and taking account of their views and 
feedback, while also being open to change. 

SECTION 172 STATEMENT

The following serves as our section 172 statement 
and should be read in conjunction with the 
Strategic report on pages 22 to 33. Section 172 of 
the Companies Act 2006 requires Directors to take 
into consideration the interests of stakeholders 
in their decision making. The Directors continue 
to have regard to the interests of the Company’s 
employees and other stakeholders, including 
the impact of its activities on the community, 
the environment and the Company’s reputation, 
when making decisions. Acting in good faith and 
fairly between members, the Directors consider 

what is most likely to promote the success of 
the Company for its members in the long term. 
The Directors are therefore fully aware of their 
responsibilities to promote the success of the 
Company in accordance with section 172 of the 
Companies Act 2006. 

To ensure the Company continues to operate in 
line with good corporate practice, all Directors 
are frequently provided with refresher guidance 
on the scope and application of section 172 from 
the Company’s legal and financial advisors. This 
allows Board members to reflect on how the 
Sigma engages with its stakeholders and identify 
opportunities for enhancement in the future. 

The Board regularly reviews our principal 
stakeholders and how we engage with them. 
The stakeholder voice is constantly brought into 
the boardroom through information provided 
by management and advisers, including 
the Company’s brokers, and also by direct 
engagement with stakeholders themselves. 
The relevance of each stakeholder group may 
increase or decrease depending on the matter or 
issue in question, so the Board seeks to consider 
the needs and priorities of each stakeholder 
group during its discussions and as part of its 
decision making.

Throughout these financial statements, we 
provide examples of how this engagement 
with stakeholders takes place to ensure that 
we can appropriately consider their interests 
in assessing, considering and implementing 
particular courses of action.

EMPLOYEES

We work to attract, develop and retain quality 
talent, equipped with the right skills for the 
future. Our people have a crucial role in delivering 
against our strategy and creating value. As Sigma 
comprises a relatively small overall team, and with 
direct employee interaction, the Board can readily 
identify and respond to changes in requirements 
in respect of resource, skills and experience. 

35

 
 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

planning permission, predominately sourced from 
local authority partnerships and house building 
relationships, to its fund structures.

This requires four separate parties involving local 
authorities, house builders and funding partners, 
with Sigma performing the roles of facilitator 
and co-ordinator. Regular and collaborative 
communication and dialogue is essential with all 
of these parties to ensure success. Without this, 
Sigma could not develop, establish and maintain 
the partnership relations it has, let alone forge 
new ones. 

The creation of new partnerships is also key. 
Given that sites will typically take well in excess 
of 24 months to identify, plan, develop and let, it 
is imperative that Sigma constantly has a focus 
on future sites through regular dialogue with 
multiple parties.

 REGULATORS

The Group is subject to statutory reporting 
requirements and to rules and responsibilities 
prescribed by the London Stock Exchange. The 
Board has a balanced range of complementary 
skills and experience, with independent non-
executive directors who provide oversight, and 
challenge decisions and policies as they see 
fit. The Board believes in robust and effective 
corporate governance structures and is 
committed to maintaining high standards and 
applying the principles of best practice.

Compliance is maintained through the utilisation 
of recognised professional advisers and the Board 
would not hesitate to seek input in this regard 
from the listing authority.

STAKEHOLDER  ENGAGEME NT   AN D S E CTIO N  172  STATEM EN T  (CONTINUED)

This is reflected in the staff appointments made 
during the period to strengthen the team.
Reflecting the investment made in and quality 
of the Company’s employees, Sigma has not 
furloughed staff or made use of any of the 
Government schemes providing support to those 
companies or individuals in financial difficulty 
during or because of the crisis. Sigma’s intention 
is to keep all employees actively working as 
far as possible and to maintain contractual 
terms and conditions throughout. This reflects 
the Company’s long-term commitment to its 
workforce and would appear to be appropriate 
given the strong financial position of Sigma.

CUSTOMERS AND COMMUNITIES

The creation of functioning neighbourhoods 
and thriving communities is core to our beliefs. 
This starts with site selection and our contention 
that all sites should be close to good transport 
links, strong areas of employment and good 
quality primary schooling, thereby providing our 
customers with access to a social and economic 
framework upon which a new community can be 
built. Whilst it is critical that the houses we create 
are fit for purpose, varied enough to be suitable 
to a wide range of occupiers and life stages as 
well as providing the flexibility for the increasing 
need to work from home, we make great efforts 
to forge linkages between their occupants and 
the wider community. By organising regular 
customer events in each of our neighbourhoods 
as well as working with local schools and 
charities we endeavour to forge friendships and 
familiarity between our customers to enable 
them to feel at home, but also for that home to 
integrate with the wider community. In what has 
been an unprecedented 2020, our charitable 
donations have focussed on organisations most 
relevant to the pandemic and we asked our 
customers to tell us how to distribute those 
funds, emphasising that a Simple Life customer’s 
relationship with us does not begin and end at 
the front door of their home.

 ENVIRONMENT

We are aware of our responsibility to the 
environment and ensuring that the development 
that we manage is done so in a responsible and 
sustainable way. We look to our development 
partners to have policies demonstrating their 
commitment to the environment through a 
responsible approach to development as well as 
the custody and integrity of their supply chain. As 
we move forward we will look to audit these facts. 

We announced last year that our main 
construction partner, Countryside Properties 
has opened a new modular panel factory 
in Warrington capable of manufacturing up 
to 1,500 homes per year using sustainable 
timber from certified forests whilst the factory 
generates no waste to landfill. By August this 
year we had taken 527 homes from the factory 
and are now consistently using this technology 
with Countryside to deliver a more sustainable 
approach to development.

To assist in identifying and implementing 
additional further opportunities to improve 
social and environmental aspects of the Group’s 
work and impact on stakeholders, Sigma 
recently appointed an Environmental, Social and 
Governance Manager. This is a newly created 
position in the Company and recognises our 
commitment to engagement and implementation 
of action in this area.

LOCAL AUTHORITIES, HOUSE 
BUILDERS AND FUNDERS

The Group’s core strategy is to utilise its 
property and capital raising expertise to further 
its PRS activities and deliver family housing. 
The geographies in which we deliver assets has 
steadily expanded, and we have also diversified 
the financial instruments that we manage to 
deliver those assets. The Group’s PRS model 
enables it to move residential land assets with 

36

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

37

 
 
 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

STAKEHOLDER  ENGAGEME NT   AN D S E CTIO N  172  STATEM EN T  (CONTINUED)

SHAREHOLDERS 

The Board welcomes the opportunity to engage 
with our shareholders and with the capital 
markets more generally. We have a high level of 
investor communication through our financial 
calendar activity, through investor meetings, 
roadshows, site visits and our AGM. 

Sigma’s Chairman takes overall responsibility 
for ensuring that the views of our shareholders 
are communicated to the Board and that our 
Directors are made aware of shareholders’ issues 
and concerns so these can be fully considered. 
The Board achieves this through: 

• 

• 

• 

 Active dialogue with shareholders, prospective 
shareholders and analysts, led by the Chief 
Executive Officer and Group Chief Financial 
Officer;

 Regular dialogue between the Company’s 
broker and NOMAD and shareholders; and

 Chairman and the Chair of the Audit 
Committee being available to meet 
institutional shareholders. 

Feedback from any such meetings is shared with 
all Board members including a feedback report 
prepared by the Company’s brokers following 
investor presentations and discussions. 

The Chairman and the Board consider that there 
are appropriate mechanisms in place to listen 
to the views of shareholders and communicate 
them to the Board without it being necessary for 
the Chairman or Chair of the Audit Committee to 
attend all meetings with shareholders. The Board 
believes that this approach is consistent with the 
2016 Code on dialogue with shareholders and is 
in line with good corporate governance.

Major investor relations engagement activities 
carried out during the period and prior year are 
set out below: 

• 

 Numerous meetings, presentations and 
conference calls hosted with institutional 
investors or prospective investors; and

•  Frequent site visits, whenever possible.

Investors, prospective investors and analysts can 
contact the Chairman or Chief Executive Officer 
or access information on our corporate website. 
The Board believes that appropriate steps have 
been taken during the year so that all members 
of the Board, and in particular the non-executive 
Directors, have an understanding of the views of 
major shareholders.

DIVIDEND

The Board’s proposal on the dividend for the 
2020 financial period of 2.0p per share (12 
months to 31 December 2019: 2.0p) reflects 
a combination of factors in relation to the 
Company’s finances and operations both in 
the short and long-term. This includes the 
Company’s revenue, earnings and cash reserves 
together with the Board’s confidence in Sigma’s 
growth prospects. As outlined in the Chairman’s 
Statement, this decision has not been made 
lightly in view of the current situation and the 
Coronavirus and Going Concern Review detailed 
on pages 16 to 21 of these financial statements 
formed part of these dividend deliberations. As 
the conclusion to this review states however, 
the pandemic will pass and the Company is well 
placed to thrive thereafter. The dividend proposal 
therefore reflects the Board’s confidence in 
the Company’s long-term financial health and 
growth prospects and provides a return to the 
shareholders who have invested funds with the 
Board and the Company.

38

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

39

 
ENVIRONMENTAL, 
SOCIAL AND 
GOVERNANCE

ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL  
AND GOVERNANCE

INTRODUCTION  

Recognising, reacting and responding to the 
sustainability and ethical impacts of all we do 
is the basis behind Environmental, Social and 
Governance (“ESG”). With this in mind, and to 
help focus and better direct our ESG efforts, 
Sigma has signed up to the UN Global Compact, 
and commits to complying and adhering to its 10 
core principles, based on human rights, labour, 
environmental and anti-corruption factors. Our 
management structure operates with clear policies 
and practices, to identify, address and manage 
ESG issues effectively throughout the lifecycle 
of our managed PRS assets. The appointment, 
in November, of a dedicated ESG Manager is 
designed to enhance and develop further our 
commitment to and engagement in this area. 

Reflecting the growing importance of ESG 
globally, the Company intends to seek external 
assessment and recognition of its achievements 
in these areas. It is currently working towards 
submissions to achieve a rating from GRESB, 
a globally recognised benchmark for reporting 
real estate ESG performance, and to join the 
European Public Real Estate Association (EPRA) 
which represents the real estate sector by 
providing better information to investors and 
promoting best practice.

To support these efforts, the Company has 
appointed EVORA, a leading sustainability 
consultant specialising in real estate solutions, 
to undertake a Gap Analysis of our current ESG 
performance, which will help direct strategies, 
plans and decisions going forward.

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

• 

• 

• 

• 

 COVID-19 Guidelines issued – structures, 
reviews and support in place;

 Ongoing monitoring and management of ESG 
issues is established;

 Impacts on the natural habitat surrounding 
PRS assets are managed;

 Local community engagement and support 
plans are established, reviewed and developed;

•  Due diligence is performed on third parties;

•  Policy reviews and updates ongoing;

•  Good practice is established;

• 

 Continued research and review of carbon 
reduction opportunities are ongoing;

• 

Investment restrictions are screened; and

• 

 Investment’s ability to comply with the ESG 
standards is assessed.

Sigma strongly believes that all three elements of 
ESG are intertwined and are viewed as one entity, 
but for the purposes of this report, each element 
is reported separately below, with clear overlaps 
evident.

OPERATIONAL APPROACH

Sigma recognises that the PRS investments, 
which it undertakes and manages on behalf of its 
funders, have an impact on the environment and 
can also affect the lives of our employees, service 
providers, supply chain, residents and the wider 
community, indeed all with whom we engage and 
interact. We therefore incorporate ESG factors 
into decision-making processes and the way in 
which we operate.

Our practices are based on the following policy 
approaches:

Opportunity review
• 

 ESG risks are assessed, reviewed and 
monitored, and strategies for enhancement 
and mitigation are set based on the 
understanding and recognition of the value 
assigned in the emerging national and 
international frameworks such as climate 
change and associated social need; and

•  Mitigation plans are identified

Investment decision 
• 

 ESG issues are listed and addressed in a 
summary investment paper that informs 
decision-making at the Investment Committee 
stage; and

• 

 ESG costs, particularly ongoing community 
and charitable involvement, continue to be 
determined and factored into the investment 
decision process

Asset management
• 

 Appropriate governance structures are 
established;

•  Relevant laws and regulations are adhered to;

40

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

41

 
 
 
 
ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL  AND   GOVE RN AN CE  (CONTINUED)

ENVIRONMENTAL 

We are all aware that our world is a rapidly 
changing environment, and as industry leaders 
in the provision of private rental homes, Sigma 
recognises the role it plays in helping to lead 
the way forward. This changing landscape is 
illustrated by the recent announcement of the 
Government’s 10 Point Plan for a green industrial 
revolution, in which energy, nature, transport 
and innovation goals were revised to reflect 
the country’s targets in relation to eradicating 
climate change. The Company is acutely aware 

of the intense need for action on areas such as 
energy and water consumption, non-fossil fuel 
heating provision, biodiversity and the global 
goals for 2030 and 2050. The Net Zero Emissions 
agenda, and target, continues to be a focus for the 
Company, and we aim to work with partners who 
share the same outlook and are aligned with our 
commitments. 

What we report in the following demonstrates 
our commitment and determination to support 
strategies and actions in these areas going 
forward, and highlights the good work being done 
at present in all areas of ESG in the Company.

Processes and strategies
The Company’s activities can be viewed in 
two parts in relation to the environment, at 
construction and post-construction stages. 
Throughout, we take account of the potential 
impact of current and potential business partners, 
ensuring that partners with whom we elect to 
operate share our values and can demonstrate 
a clear and tangible commitment to working 
sustainably. Ongoing engagement and dialogue 
is key to ensuring that the practices and policies 

of those partners reflect the Company’s ESG 
needs and expectations. Partners are required 
to share their policies on the management and 
origination of their supply chain, the usage of 
resources and their approach to biodiversity, and 
to integrate efficient design into the homes they 
build in partnership with the Company. Indeed, 
they are selected on this basis. Going forward, as 
part of our interaction and collaboration we will 
review delivery in this area to ensure necessary 
adjustments and progress is maintained.

42

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Partnerships
Sigma works with many partners, large and small, 
in the course of our business, and ensuring these 
partnerships share our ESG values and goals is 
important to us. 

We announced last year that Countryside 
Properties, a FTSE4Good Index member, 
had opened a new modular panel factory in 
Warrington capable of manufacturing up to 
1,500 homes per year using sustainable timber 
(100% certified Forestry Stewardship Council 
or Programme for the Endorsement of Forest 
Certification), whilst the factory generates 
no landfill waste. This brought with it clear 
environmental benefits of reduced traffic flow 
and waste on site. Construction of these modular 
frames has enabled us to contribute positively 
to considerable diversion of waste from landfill. 
Positive outcomes include: recycling of timber 
and general waste; use of plasterboard waste 
for animal bedding and new plasterboard; and 
plastics recycled as Damp Proof Course (DPC) 
and Damp Proof Membrane (DPM) products. 
By August 2020 we had taken 527 homes from 
the factory and are now consistently using this 
technology with Countryside to deliver a more 
sustainable approach to development. 

Vistry Group, with whom we also work reported 
10% overall improvement for NHBC Construction 
Quality. In 2019, Vistry Group increased their 
overall level of recycling to 96% and drive 
further improvements through monthly waste 
performance reports. Waste diverted from 
landfill increased to 25,133 tonnes (2018: 23,972 
tonnes) and this will continue to be a focus 
going forward. Vistry Group have committed to 
a review of long-term ESG strategy, including 
undertaking a review of the Group’s sustainability 
strategy. They will assess in line with the Task 
Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosure 
(TCFD), the United Nations’ Sustainable 
Development Goals (UN SDG) and ESG indices. 
Through consultation they will gather data to 
better understand their carbon footprint, a goal 
we will follow with interest. Such commitments 
and other examples of partner focus on ESG is 
shared within this document as relevant. 

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

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 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

ENVI RONMENTAL, SOCIAL  AND   GOVE RN A NCE  (CONTINUED)

Energy & Power 
Ahead of the Government’s pledge to ban 
gas boilers by 2025, and possibly as early as 
2023, together with the expected transitional 
challenges, the Company is committed to 
meeting this requirement through proactive 
discussion and planning with our partners. The 
current provision of electric heating and hot 
water from District Heating (DH) systems at 
our London developments is a positive step in 
this transition, and a definite demonstration of 
the Company’s focus in this area. Investment in 
new technologies in energy saving, such as the 
addition of Green and Brown Roof and Dwelling 
solar panels at suitable communities, further 
highlights the Company’s path going forward.

Advice for residents on gas and electricity 
efficiency is also available, and homes have been 
fitted with energy efficient white appliances 
rated A or B in line with best practice. Meters are 
generally provided by British Gas for dual fuel, 
and British Gas provide electronic monitors as 
standard; though these can be changed to suit 
residents’ choice. As part of their commitment 
to sustainable homes, Countryside reported 
the Standard Assessment Procedure (SAP) 
average rating for the 2019 reporting year 

as 85/100 (EPC rating B) (2018: 92/100 EPC 
rating A) for the Energy Rating of Dwellings, 
a reduction as a direct result of the addition 
of historical buildings, which are typically less 
energy efficient by virtue of their inherent 
structure, into the portfolio. SAP calculates the 
energy performance in buildings and is used to 
provide energy ratings in homes. The Company 
is committed to fitting its homes with EPC 
energy rated A or B appliances, in line with our 
commitment to more energy efficient homes. 

To further drive high standards, and encourage 
energy efficiency, at least 75% of all light fittings 
in our homes are classified as low energy. The 
provision of solar panels is provided where 
planning currently dictates, and those on 
apartment developments support energy needs 
in communal areas. Inclusion of time sensitive 
switch operated and energy efficient LED 
ensures efficiency is a key consideration in our 
construction. In line with this drive, Countryside 
site energy use has been reduced through the 
fitting of passive infrared sensor (PIR) lighting, 
with generator switch to energy-efficient mode 
facility, during site closures. Alongside the obvious 
energy saving benefits, benefits to our residents 
in terms of light reduction and security is clear.

Water 
We all understand the importance of responsible 
water use, and therefore 100% of our homes 
completed in the last year have been fitted 
with a water meter, flow restrictors on taps and 
dual flush cisterns, in line with current building 
regulations. Residents are given guidance on the 
basic principles for water conservation such as 
shower over bath, half kettle basics, and efficient 
tap use. Our Countryside partners, share this 
commitment to water saving procedures, 
reducing company site water use in the last 
reporting year, for the third consecutive year, 
to 22,816 cubic metres (2018: 33,414m cubic 
meters), through regular inspections and the 
utilization of water-saving fittings.

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Maintenance Support 
The use of online FixFlo maintenance services, 
launched in February 2020, further supports our 
goals towards greater efficiency by centralising 
this provision thereby reducing call out traffic 
and emissions from a range of suppliers. 
Residents are guided through and encouraged 
to self-fix, and data is monitored, helping to 
direct future planning and support. Review and 
evaluation of how this system can be delivered, 
improved and developed, is currently ongoing. 

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Printing 
Pink Sheep, our printing partner, has 
sustainability at the heart of their business, 
and has measures in place to offset printing 
requirement by teaming with Trees for Life, a 
programme which involves planting trees and 
re-wilding the Scottish Highlands. Their recently 
published Sustainability Whitepaper, Lead Your 
Business through the Sustainability Minefield, 
illustrates their awareness and commitment 
to leading the way positively. It aims to help 
educate and make clear the impact of choices 
made when selecting products and services, 
by stating sustainability credentials on all 
products. Going forward Pink Sheep will report 
our monthly carbon offsetting and tree planting 
data, and audit our sustainability picture, based 
on printing and marketing activity, helping us to 
make informed decisions for the future.

Physical environment 
The Company is mindful and aware of our 
responsibility to the environment and we are 
committed to ensuring that our management of 
this valuable resource is done in a responsible 
and sustainable way. We appreciate the health 
and wellbeing benefits of green spaces to 
people and the environment, and are focussed 
on the planting of trees and developing areas 
rich in biodiversity within our communities. 
We are working with landscapers to broaden 
our tree planting programme and implement a 
wildflower planting scheme that will promote 
a greater volume of invertebrate life. This will 
in turn support the wild bird population and 
greater overall biodiversity. As part of our focus 
on such initiatives we will work closely with 
our partners to target this area such as Vistry’s 
installation of hedgehog highways in all their 
communities, having joined forces with the 
British Hedgehog Preservation Society, and 
Countryside’s partnership with NatureSpace 
Partnership in research on the protection of 

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Promotion of electric cars and  
transport policy 
The Company has a forward-thinking Electric 
Vehicle Policy, with attractive incentives 
for employees to switch away from fossil 
fuels, facilitating access to electric vehicles, 
supported through a salary sacrifice scheme. 
Given the Government’s ambitious step 
towards Net Zero Emissions with an end 
to petrol and diesel car sales by 2030, this 
generous and impactful Company initiative is 
extremely proactive. Countryside Properties 
also introduced options such as hybrid 
transport, cycle schemes, home working and 
promotion of public transport to reduce travel 
emissions further. Our contractor partners 
have also agreed to the adoption of targets 
to electrify their workforce transport. Looking 
ahead, the Company strives to look towards 
the possibility of providing electric charging 
stations within its communities. Currently, 
residents can request installation of a personal 
vehicle charging point, and we have installed 
charging station facilities for our residents 
at some units. All properties benefit from 
ease of location to public transport facilities, 
encouraging reduction in vehicle use and 
resulting emissions.

the endangered great crested newt, and their 
installation of bat and bird boxes to further 
protect local ecology on sites. All of these 
efforts support our commitment in this regard. 

Recent challenges with movement restrictions, 
and the importance of outdoor space alongside 
projects such as Planting Britain, and fostering 
links with The Woodland Trust, will be an ESG 
focus going forward. We regularly address 
and discuss options to further enhance the 
physical environment to encourage, and 
support, a healthy lifestyle, in respect of access 
to communal spaces and public transport links. 
Going forward we are committed to enhancing 
the physical environment in all our communities, 
to promote the best possible experience for our 
residents and the wider community.

Clothes banks 
Our goal is to install clothes banks close to 
all units, and to encourage residents to act 
sustainably. Collected garments are either 
redistributed to good causes or recycled, and 
we have forged a link with the charity White 
Rose Fashion Cycle, supporting The Aegis 
Trust, in this regard. There are currently 4 
developments with active banks, and others due 
for installation as communities are completed. 
By the end of 2021 the target is to have 15 
communities with clothes banks in place. 

As a result of these efforts we have raised 
£5,746 for this charity, saved 1,045kg 
from landfill and a carbon offset 3,762kg, 
representing a positive start upon which to 
build. We also include reusable shopping 
bags and water flasks in the ‘Welcome’ boxes 
provided to new residents.

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We look to all our partners to have policies demonstrating their commitment to the 
environment through a responsible approach to development as well as the custody and 
integrity of their supply chain. As we move forward, we will audit the implementation and 
delivery of these.

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ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL  AND   GOVE RNA NCE  (CONTINUED)

SOCIAL 

Strong social values underpin the Company’s engagement with residents and the local communities 
in which the Company’s homes are situated, and the Company is very proud of its achievements and 
positive impact in this area of ESG. These values include integrity, trust and respect for others. We see 
our Simple Life brand as representing a new, higher standard of rental experience, and our aim is for 
residents to feel secure with us and enjoy their home and neighbourhood with total peace of mind.

Schools and Education 
We strongly believe in, and are committed to, 
investing in our wider communities, and the 
schools and education opportunities close to 
us are key focal points. We continue to have 
strong links with 10 primary schools across the 
country, and have enjoyed seeing the impact 
funding has had on the learning environment 
and wellbeing of the children, and indeed adults, 
in these schools. Long-term connections are 

being forged and we look forward to following 
the stories and completed projects from these 
schools, on the benefits and opportunities 
created from our close links. Projects such 
as enhanced outdoor facilities for exercise, 
gardening and planting, and increased IT 
facilities, could not have been more relevant 
this past year, with opportunities for outdoor 
classroom space and the daily mile reported as 
highly successful and beneficial. 

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Having access to outdoor space is known to 
have a positive impact on mental health and 
well-being, and Daniel Gauld, Head Teacher at 
River View Primary School in Salford, confirms 
this importance in his feedback on the benefits 
for the children at River View from the pond 
regeneration project we supported. His 
comments:

“We’re really grateful for the second donation 
from Sigma. Nature and being outdoors is 
brilliant for the children’s mental health and 
wellbeing and the new pond area is brilliant.”

“The outdoor greenhouse built from the first 
donation allows us to associate reading time 
within playtime and has made a huge difference 
to the school.”

This also highlights the real benefit of ongoing 
support and collaboration, building a strong and 
lasting relationship with our wider communities. 

Having the opportunity to play, learn and simply 
be outdoors is so important to developing a 
sense of place, building strong communities, 
and understanding the importance of our 
responsibility in creating Places for People. 
The benefits are well documented, particularly 
during the coronavirus pandemic and we look 
forward to further support with current and new 
initiatives in this area going forward. 

Full details of the schools involved and the 
wonderful work they have been doing, is 
detailed in the Corporate Social Responsibility 
(CSR) 2020 report on our website: 
https://www.sigmacapital.co.uk/investor-
relations/results-reports-presentations/ 

Feedback from the Head Teacher, Ian Mason, 
at Mills Hill Primary School in Middleton on the 
benefits their Daily Mile running track has made, 
illustrates the positive impact the Company’s 
community engagement can have. He comments: 

“The children’s daily walks around the 
playground eventually developed into them 
running three times a week and it’s brilliant to 
see that fitness levels have improved.”

“We encourage our children to be both 
active physically and to be creative with their 
environment. The much-needed money from 
Sigma has transformed our playground and 
facilities and allowed our pupils to reap the 
benefits of keeping fit.”

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ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

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ENVI RONMENTAL, SOCIAL  AND   GOVE RN A NCE  (CONTINUED)

The Salford Foundation 
Supporting young people beyond school is also 
key to establishing strong links and community 
relationships. Commitment to supporting 
this move from school into the workplace is 
a developing area through our work with The 
Salford Foundation. Company members are 
delighted to be able to offer experience and 
time mentoring students on topics as diverse as 
self-image and careers in property, alongside the 
provision of guidance through mock interviews 

for those about to enter the world of work. 
To continue this support during the recent 
COVID-19 challenges, some members of staff 
filmed short videos about their career path 
and job role for the children to watch during 
lockdown. Many children took the opportunity 
to raise follow-up questions with those staff 
members to learn more. Building further on this 
work we have 6 team members signed up to 
help conduct virtual mock interviews over the 
next 6-12 months.

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Charities 
The Company continues its ongoing support of 
and work with charities, full details of which are 
available to read in the Corporate and Social 
Responsibility Report on the website. Our work 
with charities including: Park Palace Ponies, 
in Liverpool; Loaves and Fishes in Salford; 
and The Big Help Project in Knowsley; Food 
banks, in the North West and the Midlands, and 
our involvement and support of local sports 
clubs near our developments including Sale 
Girls Football Club, Sale U18 Rugby Club, and 
Wolverhampton Tennis Club.

COVID-19 has hardened the resolve of the 
Company to offer support where it can. This 
year has seen considerable challenges for many 
people. In response to this and in consultation 
with our residents, the Company donated 
£100,000 to a further four charities all reflecting 
the real impact of the pandemic. The charities 
selected from this shared consultation process 
were Trussell Trust (£17,700) – a charity building 
a Hunger Free Future, Women’s Aid (£25,480) 
– a charity supporting victims of domestic 
violence, Centrepoint (£24,840) – a charity 
fighting homelessness amongst young people 
and Mind UK (£31,980) – a charity supporting 
better mental health. Each charity was 
gifted an initial donation of £12,500, 
with proportion of the remaining 
£50,000 allocated through a  
resident engagement and poll.

Park Palace Ponies

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ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

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 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL  AND   GOVE RNA NCE  (CONTINUED)

Our Residents 
We place our residents and communities at the 
heart of our business. We strive to be a visible and 
engaging partner, and place value and importance 
on feedback and communication. It is through this 
community engagement and dialogue that we 
aim to build strong and lasting relationships, and 
communities where People matter. 

Residents are invited to complete surveys 
throughout their time with us, and we use 
this feedback to plan and direct change and 
improvements. Examples of positive change and 
impact from such resident engagement can be 

seen in the removal of our standard pet premium 
charge on agreements. A review of the end-of-
tenancy work costs, established little variance in 
the costs of rectification works from households 
with pets and those without. This response for 
our residents is one of the first taken by a PRS 
landlord. 

Events and activities on-site and on-line have 
generated increased community engagement, 
with consultation with residents ensuring 
provision encouraged involvement across whole 
community demographics. 

During the challenges of COVID-19 lockdown 
period earlier this year, the Easter Egg Hunt took 
on an on-line virtual guise, with 12 eggs hidden 
across the ‘Simple Life’ website. Residents followed 
clues that took them to the four corners of the 
site, with a mix of ‘quick wins’ and ‘brain teasers’ 
to keep the hunt interesting. There were over 130 
entries over the course of the week and while all 
entrants were rewarded with a branded chocolate 
bar, 10 winners received a chocolate hamper from 
Love Cocoa, a sustainable chocolate company. 

An example of the well supported events 
include an Autumn visit from The Wood 
Fired Pizza Company, for communities with 
apartment homes giving neighbours an 
opportunity to meet and socialise over a slice 
of pizza. In addition, prior to Christmas Santa 
visited children in 20 communities across 
Manchester, Merseyside, Cheshire, West 
Midlands, Shropshire and South Yorkshire, 
exchanging 2,000 bags of chocolate money 
for some carefully composed Christmas lists!

The Summer 2020 ice-cream dash was 
bigger than ever before. Over the course of 
six days the ‘Simple Life’ branded ice-cream 
van visited 29 communities across England.

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ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL  AND   GOVE RN AN CE  (CONTINUED)

The second ‘Simple Life’ Annual Resident 
Newspaper was delivered to all residents in 
June 2020. The publication gives residents 
a roundup of the previous 12 months, 
including events, competitions, campaigns, 
testimonials, charitable donations and school 
initiatives. It also informs residents of plans 
for the months ahead.

The ‘Simple Life’ resident portal went live in 
August 2020. It enables residents to access 
many services including: online payments; 
tenancy documents; ‘how-to’ guides; news; 
offers; and an open forum with other residents. 
The portal also incorporates an online 
maintenance reporting tool, FixFlo. As well as 
enabling residents to access online tutorials, 
it offers a simple, streamlined approach for 
residents to report, discuss and remain updated 
about any maintenance issues they may have. 
We are aware of the enormous potential from 
this portal and are thrilled to see residents 
supporting local businesses and events through 
this medium. As resident numbers have grown, 
so has engagement with ‘Simple Life’ on social 
media. There was a significant increase in 
resident ‘Simple Life’ Instagram home accounts 

being set up, all dedicated to making their 
‘Simple Life’ rental house their home. This has 
encouraged residents to form a community 
online, sharing their best home-style tips.

Such events, support and activities serve to 
foster friendly and engaged neighbourhoods, 
and promote social interaction across age 
ranges. The positive impact of online and social 
media has been clearly evident and effective 
during this difficult year, with increasing 
engagement through Instagram and Facebook, 
alongside the residents’ online portal, ensuring 
regular communication and engagement 

has been maintained. It has never been more 
important to stay connected, and it is hoped 
that we can build upon this going forward. 

There are a number of exciting initiatives at 
the planning stage, for our residents and wider 
communities to enjoy in the coming year and 
we look forward to providing an update on their 
success in due course.

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Supporting Our Communities 
2020 was without doubt a challenging year for 
many and our commitment to a shared sense of 
community has been so important. In the early 
stages of the COVID-19 pandemic we anticipated 
that a proportion of our residents were likely to 
experience some degree of financial distress, 
whether as a result of being placed on furlough, 
losing their job or families having to fall back to 
one income in order to facilitate childcare whilst 
schools were closed.

At an early stage we sent out communication 
to our residents, through various channels of 
our awareness of the challenges, opening up 
pathways for dialogue should they experience 

difficulty paying their rent during the period of 
lockdown. We offered support and reassurance 
that we were willing to help, and encouraged 
residents to contact us.

As cases appeared, these were reviewed 
sensitively and we deferred rents for the initial 
three months of lockdown, where required. The 
amount deferred was very much addressed on 
an individual basis, but for those furloughed a 
20% deferral was typically agreed and this rose 
to 50% for those harder hit. In some cases we 
extended the deferral period to 4 months to help 
with transition back to work. To date support has 
been granted to 80 residents out of a portfolio of 
c.1,200 lettings at the onset of the lockdown 

The annual ‘Peace of Mind’ month took place 
in April 2020. Residents were encouraged 
to nominate a loved one whom they felt 
deserved a little ‘peace of mind’. In total, over 
50 entries were obtained with eight deserving 
winners selected to receive a spa day for two, 
and a ‘peace of mind’ prize tailored to their 
preferences. Prizes included shopping vouchers, 
holiday cottage vouchers, DJ equipment, 
football tickets and motorbike lessons.

During lockdown, ‘Peace of Mind’ month was 
extended with a special ‘health and wellbeing’ 
series aimed at helping residents to keep 
mentally and physically healthy. A great sense 
of community developed as residents were 
encouraged to stay connected online. A number 
of videos were posted on social channels, 
created for ‘Simple Life’ by professionals, 
partners and even residents, across a range of 
themes, including meditation, make-up, pilates 
and baking.

These 2020 challenges and focus on the human aspects of people and enhanced awareness of mental 
health has also been evident in the work of our partners. Countryside introduced mental health first aiders 
into the Group as part of their commitment to wellbeing, and aim to have a mental health first aider 
present on every site in the year ahead, with 33 currently trained, whilst Vistry rolled out a programme 
entitled Mental Health First Aid across the Vistry Group, including training for all line managers.

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ENVI RONMENTAL, SOCIAL  AND   GOVE RN A NCE  (CONTINUED)

Research 
As part of our commitment to providing quality 
homes and communities where people enjoy living, 
Sigma commissioned a report into the Private Rented 
Sector, with the objective of gaining an up-to-date 
picture of current consumer behaviour and attitudes 
towards renting and the rental experience. Such 
independent in-depth qualitative and quantitative 
data collection, from over 2,000 renters across 
England, highlighted some key insights. Research 
was gathered from a broad representation of the 
renting community, and not limited to our residents. 
Such research and results will help direct and guide 
future planning and activities, ensuring we are well 
informed, keeping up to date with and providing for 
the market needs.

The full report, ‘The Rental Experience: 
Setting the Standard’ can be viewed and 
downloaded on the Sigma website http://
www.sigmacapital.co.uk/our-prs-model/the-
private-rented-sector-marketplace/

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Awards 
Our aim is to deliver high quality long-term rental solutions for our residents, which go above and 
beyond the rental industry standards. Whilst awards are not the focus, recognition of the work and 
care of all involved is of course appreciated, and the awards we have been shortlisted for and won 
over the course of the last year reflects our ambition to build a sector leading product and service. 
The strength of partnerships we have created with our home builders and investors alike, further 
illustrates this focus on quality and commitment.

WINNER

Property Management Awards
Build to Rent Provider of the Year 2019 
(Winner)

Property Week Resi Awards 
Landlord of the Year 2020  
(Shortlisted)

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 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Insider North West Residential Property Awards
- Social Impact Award 2020 
(Shortlisted)

Yorkshire Insider Property Awards 
- Public Private Partnership 2020 
- Large Development of the Year 2020
(Shortlisted for both – winner to be announced)

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ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

ENVI RONMENTAL, SOCIAL  AND   GOVE RN A NCE  (CONTINUED)

Health and safety 
In order to maintain high standards of health 
and safety for those working on our sites, we 
commission monthly checks by independent 
project monitoring surveyors to ensure that 
all potential risks are identified and mitigated. 
These checks supplement those undertaken by 
our development partners. The data is reported 
to the Board on a quarterly basis in the event of 
a nil return, and immediately in the event of an 
incident. We are pleased to announce that there 
have been no reportable incidents in the year.

Equality
Sigma is committed to creating and sustaining a 
positive and inclusive working environment for 
all of our employees. Our aim is to ensure that 
employees are equally valued and respected 
and that our organisation is representative of 
all members of society. We define diversity as 
valuing everyone as an individual and this is 
reflected within our values and behaviours and 
our leadership habits that provide a collaborative 
and supportive working environment for all 
employees. A key part of this is that equality of 
opportunity is a core value and our goal is to 
ensure that the best person for any role has the 
opportunity to apply for and excel in it.

Commitment to equality, diversity and 
inclusion
The Board considers that all stakeholders stand 
to benefit when diversity of thoughts, ideas and 
ways of working from individuals with different 
backgrounds, experiences and identities are 
embraced. To this end, the Board is focused on 
the following:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

 No tolerating any form of unacceptable 
behaviour, harassment, discrimination, 
bullying (including cyber bullying) or 
victimisation in any area of employment 
or in the provision of our services to our 
customers;

 Encourage anyone who feels they have been 
subject to or witnessed discrimination to raise 
their concerns in an appropriate forum;

 Make every person aware of their personal 
responsibility for implementing and 
promoting equal opportunities in their day 
to day dealings with people and encourage 
employees to treat everyone with dignity and 
respect;

 Regularly review all our employment 
practices, policies and procedures to ensure 
compliance with the requirements of this 
statement;

 To monitor the effectiveness of our 
commitment to diversity and inclusion and 
the supporting policies and procedures at 
least annually.

The Board of Directors has overall responsibility 
for ensuring that we operate within a framework 
of equality of opportunity. Senior management 
have overall management responsibility, 
delegated to all managers throughout the 
organisation.

All employees have a duty to support and 
uphold the principles of our commitment 
to equality, diversity and inclusion and its 
supporting policies and procedures.

• 

 Creation of an environment in which 
individual differences and the contribution of 
all team members are recognised and valued;

As part of a wider review, the Directors have 
again assessed whether they have both the 
breadth and depth of skills and experience to 

fulfil their roles. Full biographical details of the 
directors and their skills and experience can 
be found at https://www.sigmacapital.co.uk/
investor-relations/board-of-directors 

The Directors who have been appointed to the 
Company have been chosen because of the 
range of skills and experience they offer and 
which are appropriate for the strategy and 
objectives for the Company. The Nominations 
Committee assists the Board in determining 
the composition and make-up of the Board. It 
is responsible for periodically evaluating the 
balance of skills, experience, independence and 
knowledge of the Board.

The Board recognises that its membership 
currently has limited diversity and this will 
continue to form a part of any future recruitment 
consideration. At a senior management level 
there is however considerably more diversity 
and recent appointments to the PRS REIT Head 
of Finance, ESG Manager and Group Financial 
Planning & Treasury Manager have all been 
female, reflecting the policy outlined above.

The Company encourages continuing education 
of its directors, officers and employees where 
appropriate in order to ensure that they have 
the necessary skills and knowledge to meet their 
respective obligations to the Company. This 
includes supporting personnel through external 
examination and qualification programmes 
ranging from ACCA to Company Secretarial to 
Association of Corporate Treasurers.

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ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL  AND   GOVE RN AN CE  (CONTINUED)

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

• 

• 

• 

  Additional disclosure around the decision-
making of the Remuneration Committee set 
out as part of the Directors remuneration 
report on pages 76 to 80

 Inclusion of an Audit Committee report which 
is set out on pages 82 to 85.

 Refresh of corporate policies on the following 
topics which will shortly be shared with 
employees as part of a consultation process:

-  Whistleblowing Policy
-  Anti-bribery and Corruption Policy
-  Remuneration Policy
-  Share Dealing Code

Consistent with the QCA code, the various 
policies and procedures are subject to 
continuous review and updating by the Board of 
Directors.

GOVERNANCE 

The Group is subject to statutory reporting 
requirements and to rules and responsibilities 
prescribed by the London Stock Exchange. The 
Board has a balanced range of complementary 
skills and experience, with independent non-
executive directors who provide oversight, and 
challenge decisions and policies as they see 
fit. The Board believe in robust and effective 
corporate governance structures and are 
committed to maintaining high standards and 
applying the principles of best practice.

The Board has adopted the Quoted Companies 
Alliance (QCA) Corporate Governance Code 
in line with the AIM Rules requiring all AIM-
listed companies to adopt and comply with a 
recognised corporate governance code. As part 
of the appointment of Ian Sutcliffe as Chairman, 
the Board of Directors reviewed the Company’s 
performance against the QCA guidelines 
and updated Sigma’s Corporate Governance 
Statement accordingly. An independent 
consultant with governance experience within 
a FTSE100 company was engaged to assist the 
Board in this regard.

The Board considers that the Company 
continues to comply with the QCA Code in all 
respects but following the review has made a 
number of changes to enhance disclosure and 
transparency of its operations in line with the 
spirit of the QCA code. These areas include the 
following:

• 

 Clarifying principles for the appointment, 
service and independence of Directors on 
appointment and during their tenure

• 

 Appointment of a Senior Independent  
Non-Executive Director

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PRINCIPAL 
RISKS AND 
UNCERTAINTIES

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

The Board of Directors recognise that there are a number of risks which could have an impact on the 
Company’s strategy and investment objectives. The below list sets out the current identifiable principal 
risks and uncertainties which the Board are monitoring:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

 Income reduction and doubtful debts as some 
tenants struggle to maintain rental payments 
resulting from a loss of income due to a 
combination of the effective lockdown and 
restrictions or as individuals are without work, 
unable to work or are absent from work; 

 Disruption to the supply chain as raw 
materials and construction products are not 
produced or imported as workers are unable 
to work or are absent from work; 

 General disruption to employees, house 
builders, letting agents and the supply chain 
due to restrictions on the movement of goods 
and people;

 Impact of the virus on the economy and 
market sentiment; and

 Further waves of the coronavirus and potential 
for further national lockdowns or significant 
localised restrictions on social interaction.

CORONAVIRUS

Countries around the world have been hit by 
coronavirus. The virus has spread on a global 
basis and has been designated a “pandemic”. 
Despite significant mitigating action including 
self-isolation for people suspected of having 
the virus, and a combination of an effective 
lockdown through social distancing for all but 
essential workers and the imposition of varying 
degrees of restrictions on social interaction 
across the country, the impact of the virus has 
been significant in terms of extent and timing. 
This represents a risk to housebuilding and 
letting activity together with the operations of 
the Company as a whole.

Coronavirus has impacted the Group in the 
following areas:

• 

• 

• 

 Company staff operating from home or 
otherwise unable to work or absent from 
work; 

 House builders unable to continue with 
construction work on sites or forced to reduce 
or suspend construction work on sites due to 
a combination of the effective lockdown and 
restrictions or as staff are unable to work or 
are absent from work; 

 Letting agents unable to progress activities in 
respect of lettings, repairs and maintenance or 
only able to operate a limited service due to 
a combination of the effective lockdown and 
restrictions or as staff are unable to work or 
are absent from work;

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63

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

There is a risk of reduced property valuations due 
to changes in rental levels, bad and doubtful debt 
risk and sector attractiveness impacting yields. 
Having experienced the first lockdown, the Group 
and Company has a good understanding of how 
to react quickly to adapt to further lockdowns. 
New systems are in place, which enable the 
Company to better support tenants e.g. with 
online repairs and maintenance assistance. 
It presently appears that varying degrees of 
lockdown measures look likely to continue for the 
foreseeable future, pending broad vaccination 
coverage. Given the geographic spread of sites 
and reflecting government’s desire to maintain as 
much economic activity as is reasonably possible, 
the Group is likely to be able to continue 
construction and lettings activity, particularly 
in those regions unaffected by restrictions. As 
mentioned above, cessation of construction work 
on development sites would reduce short-term 
cash outflows although practical completion and 
lettings schedules would be delayed.

There remains the risk of further waves 
of coronavirus unless and until the wider 
vaccination programme is implemented, and 
greater potential for further national and local 
lockdowns or restrictions. Having experienced 
the initial lockdowns, the Group and Company 
have a good understanding of how to react 
quickly to adapt to additional lockdowns. 

Overall, coronavirus remains a real and existing 
risk which requires careful monitoring and a 
management in conjunction with our house 
building partners and Letting Agents in order 
to mitigate the likely issues as much as possible 
pending the restoration of a more normal 
working and living environment. As one would 
expect the Company will continue to objectively 
review and assess the impact of the coronavirus 
outbreak and government response on both 
its strategy and focus of activities. Importantly, 
however, the pandemic will ultimately pass and 
the Company is well placed to thrive thereafter.

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (CONTINUED)

The absence of Company staff from the office 
workplace has been mitigated by remote working 
from home. We have adapted our technology to 
facilitate remote working throughout the business 
in order to keep our operations and projects as 
on track as practically possible during coronavirus 
pandemic. The Company has not furloughed 
staff or made use of any of the Government 
schemes providing support to companies or 
individuals in financial difficulty during or because 
of the crisis. Sigma’s intention is still to keep all 
employees actively working as far as possible 
and to maintain contractual terms and conditions 
throughout.

A greater issue has been in relation to house 
building and letting activity where the effective 
lockdown ceased construction activity in the 
short term from the end of March up until May 
when lockdown restrictions began to ease. Even 
then, construction activity only began to resume 
comprehensively in June and has subsequently 
been adjusted to reflect continuing requirements 
for social distancing and guidance around public 
transport meaning that construction levels have 
not fully returned to pre-lockdown levels. A 
further complication has been the introduction of 
varying degrees of localised lockdown restrictions 
in response to outbreaks of coronavirus in 
particular areas.

Importantly, the Company’s contractual 
obligations only provide for payment to 
house builders in respect of work undertaken 
and independently certified. The absence 
of construction activity thereby negates 
development expenditure thus mitigating cash 
outflows. 

In relation to income and bad debts, the 
Company carefully vets prospective tenants and 
typically obtains rent insurance for at least the 
first year of new lettings where there is limited 
covenant history or if the employment sector 

is considered to be at greater risk. To date, 
coronavirus related arrears have been managed 
by agreeing payment plans with tenants 
encountering difficulties. The insurer has been 
notified of this in order to preserve rights of 
claim but policies ultimately pay out in the event 
that arrears are not recovered through payment 
plans. This, together with the geographic spread 
of multiple sites, will help mitigate against the 
inevitable bad debts. 

Preserving the employment of staff, rather 
than furloughing, also enables Sigma to work 
with letting agents as we proactively assist and 
support those tenants encountering difficulty 
during the crisis in a responsible and reasonable. 
The adaptation of our technology has meant 
that this important tenant interaction and 
engagement has continued through a variety of 
telephone, e-mail and social media.

In terms of supply chain disruption, significant 
efforts and contingencies had already been put 
in place in respect of Brexit through securing 
additional inventory of supplies, including timber. 
In addition, all of our suppliers have worked 
quickly to adapt to new ways of working in 
accordance with government guidelines to enable 
all areas of the business to continue, although at 
a slower rate than before.

The coronavirus has had a major impact on the 
economy and market sentiment. During August 
2020, announcements indicated that the UK 
has technically entered a severe recession as a 
result of two successive quarters of negative 
GDP growth. The Bank of England has recently 
signalled that another technical recession is likely 
following the most recent round of restriction. 
However, there is a structural under supply of new 
family homes in the UK and indications suggest 
that the pandemic and recession may have 
increased demand for the Group’s high quality 
but affordable product across multiple regions.

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65

 
PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (CONTINUED)

STRATEGIC RISKS 

Site selection 
The principal drivers for the valuation of the 
Group’s property assets are land purchase, cost 
to build, rental income, gross to net income 
deductions and yield. Small variations in these 
can have a material impact on the valuation 
of any property. The selection of sites which 
match the investment criteria in terms of cost to 
purchase and build, rentals, gross net to income 
deductions and yield is therefore critical to the 
success of individual developments. 

Detailed appraisal and assessment of all aspects 
of a site such as location, access, transport 
links, education, amenities and employment 
are necessary to formalise a view on the likely 
viability and profitability as a build-to-rent 
development. This necessarily involves expert 
third party guidance from valuers, house builders 
and lettings agents. 

The Group’s process on site assessment and 
appraisal necessarily involves a number of 
individuals with different skill sets to ensure 
a balance of views and full consideration of 
all factors. There is also an ultimate sign off 
by Site Director, Investment Director, Lettings 
Director, Finance Director, Group Chief Financial 
Officer and Chief Executive Officer. In the 
unlikely eventuality that the dynamics on a site, 
particularly rental demand and/or rental value 
given that land cost and design & build cost 
are previously fixed, transpire differently from 
anticipated then this would only impact the 
valuation and financial returns on that site. The 
portfolio approach adopted by the Group means 
that while there are likely to be some sites that 
do not materialise as expected, the selection 
criteria and approach should generate more 
winners than losers. On this basis, the approach 
adopted should mitigate the associated risks.

Diversifying income streams
The group’s business is focused on build-to-
rent in the private residential housing sector. 
Build to rent is exposed to variations in supply, 
demand, costs, funding and valuation as a result 
of changes in macro-economic conditions. These 
could impact customer, funder and investor 
appetite and sentiment towards the sector. 
Focus on build to rent in the private residential 
sector therefore represents a potential 
concentration exposure in terms of the Group’s 
strategy. 

Through focusing on the build to rent private 
residential sector in the UK, the Group has 
made a deliberate strategic decision to utilise 
its experience to target an underdeveloped 
market with good financial fundamentals, strong 
investor appetite, tenant demand, supplier 
demand and a national requirement for growth 
in the number of homes to buy or let as occupier 
demand continues to outstrip supply. Within this, 
the Company has a number of income streams 
- rental income, development management fees, 
investment management fees and gains on asset 
valuation. Some are of these are contracted for 
long periods. 

At present, there are no signs that the 
underlying dynamics are changing. Indeed, it 
could be argued that the market fundamentals 
support continued growth in the requirement for 
properties to meet demand for rental units. On 
this basis, the Group would manage this risk by 
monitoring market and economic developments 
to identify any change in circumstances and 
then adapt strategy accordingly.

Personnel and Succession planning
Group structure and operations presently have 
a low number of employees relative to the gross 
value of assets under management and profit 
before tax. There is a reliance on a small number 
of individuals who could be regarded as critical 

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

to the business operations and performance with 
limited back-up or cover. Recruitment, retention 
and succession planning are therefore key to 
successful implementation of the Group strategy.

The Board continually assesses and monitors 
the strength, depth and experience of the 
management team. During 2020 a number of 
senior additions have been made including a 
new non-executive Chairman and ESG Manager. 
The Head Office Finance Function has appointed 
a Group Chief Financial Officer along with a 
Group Financial Planning and Treasury Manager 
as well as the segregation of the Group finance 
function into teams dedicated respectively to 
the Group and the PRS REIT. 

The announcement of our London joint venture 
with EQT Real Estate has meant that our 
separate team with responsibility for the London 
assets has grown with the appointment of an 
Asset Manager.

The recently strengthened financial management 
includes the implementation of improved 
structure, financial reporting, forecasting and 
governance framework which reflects the size, 
scale and operations of the Group. Finance 
systems and data management processes 
are being upgraded with a full review of IT 
systems and infrastructure also underway. 
Notwithstanding the above changes, ensuring 
that the growth of the business is matched by 
the quantum and skills of the workforce, both 
presently and in the future, will require constant 
monitoring and review.

POLITICAL RISK

Although the Company does not export to the 
EU, Brexit has a number of potential impacts on 
the business. Exposures include supply chain 
reliance on EU imports, labour availability due to 

changes in immigration and the economic and 
market impact of leaving the EU. Although a 
trading agreement between the UK and EU has 
been agreed, there remain some uncertainties 
surrounding the implementation of this in 
practice. Pending clarification through the 
passage of time, there will continue to be some 
doubts around the potential impact of the exit.

The Group’s activities are focused on the build-
to-rent private residential sector in the UK with 
no EU or international assets. Within this focus, 
the debt funding, equity investment, rent levels, 
tenant demand and yields could all be impacted 
by market and economic factors potentially 
influenced by Brexit albeit there are defensive 
attributes in relation to a downturn or recession 
that would likely mitigate this. 

The largest risk is in respect of the potential 
impacts on the physical movement of goods 
from the EU for housebuilding and/or tariffs/
duties imposed on such goods. The impact 
would only apply to new design and build 
contracts - with existing contracts being fixed 
price with pricing risk effectively borne by the 
house builder.. Uncertainty surrounding the 
practical implementation of the trade agreement 
means that this area requires careful monitoring 
and represents a significant risk pending clarity.

Similarly, although there is a risk in respect of 
labour resource due to changes in immigration, 
house building partners consider that there 
is sufficient qualified and experienced labour 
within the UK. However, the uncertainty 
surrounding the nature and detail of immigration 
policy together with the practical impact of 
the trade agreement means that this area also 
requires careful monitoring and represents a risk 
pending clarity.

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 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (CONTINUED)

OPERATIONAL RISK 

Development fee income
The Group’s development fee income streams 
are dependent on continued development of 
new sites and assets. Maintaining and expanding 
on the number and quantum of new sites is 
therefore key to managing development fee 
income for the Group.

The vast majority of the related assets and 
sites are being managed by the Company 
meaning that it has a strong degree of visibility 
over income streams. A potential risk to the 
Group is that development management fees 
represent the majority of the Group’s income 
and are effectively driven by the acquisition 
and development of new sites. Maintaining and 
growing the number of new sites for acquisition 
and development is therefore key to securing the 
majority of future revenue. 

The Company has also sought to mitigate this 
risk through establishing additional revenue 
sources and reducing the proportion of the 
income emanating from the PRS REIT. The 
launch of the London joint venture with EQT Real 
Estate represents an example of an additional 
revenue stream from diversification. While this 
will necessarily involve further development 
management fees in the short-term, it will grow 
to represent an additional source of long-term 
recurring asset management fees.

Counterparty risk 
The Group undertakes property investment with 
a number of partner relationships exposing it 
to counterparty risk such as house builders for 
design and build contracts and lettings agents 
for tenant management.

The Group maintains relationships with a number 
of councils and house builders. In terms of cost 
effectiveness and efficiency, the Group presently 
utilises two Lettings Agents. As we reported last 
year the incumbent Lettings Agent had been 
served notice and we continue the transitioning 
across to the new party. During the intervening 
period, it requires to be recognised that the 
exiting and new Lettings Agent will both require 
careful management in order to reduce risk. 

In terms of house building, although a majority of 
site developments are undertaken by one party, 
Countryside, this represents a true partnership 
arrangement. Contrary to the situation with 
the Lettings Agent, where the size and scale 
of the operation merits the involvement of 
one party, there remains opportunity to utilise 
alternative house builders and to develop greater 
partnerships with others. While monitoring 
the relationship remains key, the Countryside 
partnership presently works very well.

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ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

69
69

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

DIRECTORS

Ian Sutcliffe
Non-Executive Chairman  
(Age 61) 
(Appointed on 5 May 2020)
Ian has a wealth of experience and a 
significant track record throughout his career 
in property and construction. Most recently 
Ian was Group Chief Executive of Countryside 
Properties plc, until his retirement in 
early 2020. He was also previously Senior 
Independent Director at Ashtead Group plc, 
UK Chief Executive of Taylor Wimpey plc and 
Chief Operating Officer of SEGRO plc.

Gwynn Thomson
RICS, Property Investment Director (Age 53)
Gwynn is a chartered surveyor with 25 years’ 
experience in residential and commercial 
property investment. He joined Sigma in 2010 
and has been integral to the formation and 
running of the Sigma PRS model. Gwynn 
was previously a director of investment and 
valuation at DTZ.

Graham Barnet
Chief Executive Officer  
(Age 57)
Graham founded Sigma in 1996 and is the 
architect of the Sigma PRS model. He also 
co-founded and created the Winchburgh 
development, one of the largest single 
housing delivery sites in Scotland. A qualified 
lawyer, Graham worked for Noble Grossart 
Limited, Edinburgh Financial Trust Limited 
and Shepherd & Wedderburn, specialising in 
corporate finance and corporate law, prior 
to forming his own company in 1994. This 
company, Merchant Investments Limited, 
was a specialist consultancy involved in 
the management of businesses both in the 
traditional and technology sectors.

Duncan Sutherland
Public Affairs Director (Age 68)
Duncan has 30 years’ experience of working 
closely with local authorities, investors 
and developers in large-scale partnership 
regeneration projects. He co-founded Sigma 
Inpartnership with Graeme Hogg in 2000 and 
has been key in developing the partnership 
model with local government partners. 
Duncan was a Non-Executive Director of High 
Speed Two (HS2) Limited from 2013 to 2018, 
and is now on the board of Homes England, 
the Government’s housing delivery agency.

Mike McGill
Group Chief Financial Officer (Age 52) 
(Appointed 30 March 2020) 
Mike qualified as a chartered accountant 
with Coopers & Lybrand in 1991. He has 
executive responsibility for the overall financial 
management of the Group and its subsidiaries 
as well as the PRS REIT. Mike has over 20 years 
of experience in senior financial roles at listed 
and private companies across a range of sectors, 
including commercial, residential and industrial 
property, international food manufacturing, 
logistics, warehousing and distribution. This 
includes significant corporate finance and 
transactional experience from the sale and 
purchase of various real estate and trading 
businesses both internationally and in the UK.

Malcolm Briselden
ACMA, CGMA, Finance Director and 
Company Secretary (Age 53) 
(Resigned 30 March 2020)
Malcolm is a chartered management 
accountant who joined the Company as 
Group Financial Controller in April 2012 
before becoming Finance Director in 
January 2015. Prior to Sigma, Malcolm spent 
nine years at The Premier Property Group 
Limited, the commercial property arm of 
Murray International Holdings Limited.

David Sigsworth OBE
Senior Independent Non-Executive Director 
(Age 74)
David is a former main board director of FTSE 
100 listed Scottish and Southern Energy plc 
(“SSE”) and Scottish Hydro Electric plc. On 
retirement from SSE, he was appointed to the 
chair of the Scottish Environment Protection 
Agency, Scotland’s main environmental 
regulator. David remains active in the 
sustainable energy sector and holds several 
associated non-executive directorships. 

James McMahon
Non-Executive Director (Age 71) 
Jim is a former senior partner 
in tax and corporate finance at 
PricewaterhouseCoopers and was a founder 
partner of West Coast Capital with Sir Tom 
Hunter in 2001. He has 20 years’ experience 
in the property market, including at Board 
level and has been a Director of Office 
Shoes, Booker plc, House of Fraser and 
Prestbury Group.

70

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

71

The non-executive Chairman and the two non-executive Directors are the members of the Audit Committee, the Remuneration 
Committee and the Nominations Committee. James McMahon is Chairman of the Audit Committee, David Sigsworth is Chairman 
of the Remuneration Committee and Ian Sutcliffe is Chairman of the Nominations Committee.

ADVISERS

Registrars
Link Group
34 Beckenham Road
Beckenham
Kent BR3 4TU

Auditor
BDO LLP
55 Baker Street
London 
W1U 7EU

Nominated Adviser and Broker
Nplus1 Singer Capital Markets Limited
One Bartholomew Lane
London 
EC2N 2AX

Legal and Tax Adviser
Dentons UKMEA LLP
One Fleet Place
London
EC4M 7WS

Secretary and Registered Office
Malcolm Briselden, ACMA
Floor 3, 1 St. Ann Street
Manchester
M2 7LR

Trading Address
18 Alva Street
Edinburgh
EH2 4QG

Financial PR
KTZ Communications
No. 1 Cornhill
London 
EC3V 3ND

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

DIRECTORS’ REPORT

The Directors present their annual report on the affairs of the Group, together with the audited financial 
statements and auditor’s report, for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020.

RESULTS AND DIVIDENDS 

TREASURY ACTIVITIES AND 
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Group made a net profit before tax for the 
year of £3.2m (2019: £13.0m). The Directors have 
declared a dividend of 2.0p per share for the 
financial period (12 months to 31 December 2019: 
2.0p). The dividend will be paid on 12 March 2021 
to shareholders on the register on 26 February 
2021. 

REVIEW OF THE BUSINESS AND 
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS

The Directors are required to present an extended 
business review reporting on the development 
and performance of the Group and the Company 
during the period, their positions at the end of the 
period and future developments. This requirement 
is met by the Chairman’s Statement on pages 6 to 
14, the Coronavirus and Going Concern Review on 
pages 16 to 21 and the Strategic Report on pages 
22 to 33.

DIRECTORS

The current Directors of the Company are listed 
on pages 70 and 71, all of whom held office 
throughout the period except where indicated 
otherwise. Details of Directors’ interests in share 
options and in shares are given in the Directors’ 
Remuneration Report on pages 76 to 80.

RISK FACTORS 

Information on the Group’s financial risk 
management objectives and policies relating 
to market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk is 
provided in note 1 to the financial statements. The 
broader risks of the business are considered on 
pages 62 to 68.

The Group’s financial instruments comprise cash, 
equity investments plus other items such as trade 
receivables and trade payables that arise directly 
from its operations. At 30 September 2020, the 
Group had positive cash balances of £25.8m 
(2019: £16.8m). 

The Group’s policy is to keep surplus funds on 
short-term and instant access deposit to earn 
prevailing market rate of interest. The Group’s 
policy is only to borrow funds if such funds are 
needed to develop specific assets in which case 
the loan is secured against that asset and is held 
within the subsidiary company undertaking the 
development. 

It is the Group’s policy not to speculate in 
derivative financial instruments. The Company is 
not exposed to significant foreign exchange risks 
as transactions in foreign currency are minimal.

DIRECTORS’ INDEMNITY 
INSURANCE

The Group held a Directors and Officers insurance 
policy in place throughout the period in respect 
of the Company and the Group’s subsidiaries.

POLITICAL DONATIONS

No political contributions were made during the 
period (2019: £nil).

72

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ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

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 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

DIRECTORS’ REPORT (CONTINUED)

GOING CONCERN 

The impact of coronavirus and the ability of the Company and the Group to continue in operational 
existence for the foreseeable future is discussed on pages 16 to 21.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 

The Board is committed to maintaining high standards of corporate governance. The Company has 
adopted the Quoted Companies Alliance Corporate Governance Code. The Board considers that the 
Company complies with the QCA Code in all respects. The principles contained in the Code, are set 
out on the Company’s website: https://www.sigmacapital.co.uk/esg/governance/

Details of the attendance record of individual Directors at Board and committee meetings held during 
the financial period are as follows:

Director
Ian Sutcliffe
Graham Barnet
Mike McGill
Gwynn Thomson
Duncan Sutherland

David Sigsworth OBE

Jim McMahon

Position
Non-executive Chairman
CEO
Group CFO
Property Investment Director
Public Affairs Director
Senior Independent Non-
Executive Director
Non-executive Director

Board*
2/2
3/3
3/3
3/3
3/3

Audit 
Committee*
1/1
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

Remuneration 
Committee*
1/1
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

Nominations 
Committee*
n/a
2/2
1/1
2/2
2/2

3/3

3/3

2/2

2/2

1/1

1/1

2/2

2/2

*Number of all meetings attended / maximum number of meetings Director could have attended

AWARENESS OF RELEVANT AUDIT INFORMATION 

At the date of this report and insofar as each of the Directors is aware:

 • 

 There is no relevant audit information of which the auditor is unaware; and

• 

 The Directors have taken all steps they ought to have taken to make themselves aware of any 
relevant audit information and to establish that the auditor is aware of that information.

AUDITOR 

A resolution to re-appoint BDO LLP as auditor will be proposed at the Annual General Meeting.

This Directors Report has been approved by the Board on 20 January 2021 and is signed on its behalf by

Malcolm Briselden, ACMA, CGMA
Company Secretary

20 January 2021

74

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ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

75

 
 
 
 
 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION REPORT

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION 

The three non-executive Directors comprise 
the members of the Remuneration Committee. 
David Sigsworth chairs the committee. 
The Remuneration Committee decides the 
remuneration policy that applies to executive 
Directors.

SALARIES AND BENEFITS

The Remuneration Committee meets at least 
twice a year in order to consider and set the 
remuneration packages for executive Directors. 

The remuneration packages are benchmarked 
against a range of independently researched 
and published data sources of annual analysis 
of Director’s Remuneration in Smaller Listed 
Companies. This has been, and remains, 
an appropriate means of providing the 
Remuneration Committee with an assessment of 
comparability against companies of a similar size 
and business sector as well as taking account of 
inflation and market conditions. 

In recent years however the company has 
grown rapidly, the complexity of the business 
has increased markedly and Group operations 
have become more focussed on property 
development and investment management 
for third parties. Currently, the largest of these 
relationships is with the PRS REIT where Sigma 
subsidiaries manage a property portfolio with a 
value approaching £1bn pursuant to the terms 
of a long term management agreement. This 
is in addition to the property development 
and investment management Sigma Group 
undertakes on its own balance sheet. 

The traditional approach of linking salaries, in 
particular, to market capitalisation of the Sigma 
Group is not considered to be a suitable or 

equitable means of reflecting executive efforts 
and associated profit growth. The Remuneration 
Committee have therefore augmented salary 
awards to reflect the large fund management 
component of current activity.

Other elements currently in the remuneration 
package of executive Directors are simple 
in nature and very much geared directly to 
shareholder benefit. A bonus pool representing 
10% of annual net profit of the Sigma Group is 
available to the Remuneration Committee to be 
distributed on merit following consideration of 
recommendations from the CEO. There is no other 
annual award payment or Performance Share 
Plan. The Board agrees a challenging annual plan 
with the CEO which is set against the longer term 
growth objectives for the Group. The CEO in turn 
sets targets and objectives for the other executive 
Directors and uses those to regularly review and 
monitor progress with each individual throughout 
the year. The Remuneration Committee awards 
bonus according to individual performance 
outturn. The underlying principle is to seek 
continuous improvement throughout the Group.

Given the rapid changes in the Group’s business, 
noted earlier, the Remuneration Committee 
is aware that the level of bonus available to 
executive Directors is smaller, as a proportion of 
the total package, than in comparable entities. 
The intention is to review this issue in a way 
which recognises the longer term nature of the 
investment management activity and incentivises 
success in that regard in parallel with outstanding 
achievement in terms of annual and sustainable 
long-term profit growth. However, pending the 
introduction of such arrangements, the carried 
interest programme operated is considered to 
align the short, medium and long-term interests 
of senior management and shareholders.

Benefits from carried interest arrangements arise 
as the outcome of certain projects are finalised. 

Again these only occur when a considerably 
larger benefit arises for the Group and ultimately 
its shareholders. Executive Directors participate 
in the carried interest of any project according 
to their own direct contribution to its success 
and therefore, carried interest awards are very 
focussed on individual innovation and drive for 
completion.

Share options are issued in association with 
exceptional Group performance and are spread 
widely throughout group employees. These have 
a three year vesting period after which employees 
are free to exercise them. All Directors are limited 
in their disposal of company shares by normal 
executive restrictions. 

The Remuneration Committee believe these 
remuneration and reward arrangements to be in 
the interests of investors as well as employees. 

Remuneration comprises basic salary and, for 
most Directors, pension contributions to the 
Director’s personal pension scheme, and benefits 
in kind. In addition, certain Directors are paid a 
car allowance or receive a contribution to their 
travel expenses. Remuneration also includes share 
options and carried interest as detailed below. An 
analysis of remuneration by Director is given in 
note 11 of these financial statements.

CONTRACTS OF SERVICE

GF Barnet has a one-year rolling service 
agreement with the Company. The other 
executive Directors have service agreements with 
a three-month notice period.

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ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

77

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATIO N R E P ORT (CONTINUED)

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS – INTERESTS IN SHARE OPTIONS

Details of options held by Directors who were in office at 30 September 2020 are set out below:

Date of grant

Number

Exercise price

Exercise date

Expiry date

Director

GF Barnet

GF Barnet

GF Barnet

GF Barnet

GF Barnet

M McGill

I Sutcliffe

28.11.13

19.11.14

05.01.16

25.05.17

30.04.20

30.04.20

05.05.20

D Sutherland

29.07.11

D Sutherland

28.11.13

D Sutherland

19.11.14

D Sutherland

25.05.17

D Sutherland

30.04.20

G Thomson

G Thomson

28.11.13

19.11.14

G Thomson

05.01.16

G Thomson 

25.05.17

G Thomson

30.04.20

114,286

250,000

400,000

300,000

200,000

250,000

1,000,000

119,500

42,857

64,503

72,500

50,000

38,095

200,000

250,000

132,500

75,000

26.25p

68.00p

93.50p

87.00p

82.00p

82.00p

86.00p

7.50p

26.25p

68.00p

87.00p

82.00p

26.25p

68.00p

93.50p

87.00p

82.00p

28.11.16 – 27.11.23

19.1 1 .17 – 18.1 1 .24

27.1 1 .23

18.1 1 .24

05.01.19 – 04.01.26

04.01.26

25.05.20 – 24.05.27

24.05.27

30.04.23 – 29.04.30

29.04.30

30.04.23 – 29.04.30

29.04.30

05.05.23 – 04.05.30

04.05.30

29.07.14 – 28.07.21

28.07.21

28.1 1 .16 – 27.1 1 .23

19.1 1 .17 – 18.1 1 .24

27.1 1 .23

18.1 1 .24

25.05.20 – 24.05.27

14.05.27

30.04.23 – 29.04.30

29.04.30

28.1 1 .16 – 27.1 1 .23

19.1 1 .17 – 18.1 1 .24

27.1 1 .23

18.1 1 .24

05.01.19 – 04.01.26

04.01.26

25.05.20 – 24.05.27

14.05.27

30.04.23 – 29.04.30

29.04.30

Details of the Company’s option schemes are set out in note 26 to the financial statements.

The market price of the Company’s shares at 30 September 2020 was 127.5p. The range of market 
prices during the year was 67.0p to 127.5p.

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

CARRIED INTEREST 
ARRANGEMENTS 

One of the Directors has been allocated a share 
of the carried interest assigned to Sigma arising 
from the historic venture funds. Current estimates 
are that no value is attributable to this carried 
interest.

Subject to certain performance conditions, three 
of the Directors may be entitled to a share of the 
total carried interest which could arise from an 
exit in respect of the Group’s investment in the 
PRS joint venture with Gatehouse.

Based on the methodology used to recognise 
a portion of the carried interest as Group 
revenue, the value of the total entitlement as at 
30 September 2020 would be £445,000. This 
amount is dependent upon the actual outcome 
of the project and is not contractually due to 
the Directors unless there is an exit in respect 
of Sigma’s investment. In January 2021 the 
investment portfolio in respect of the Group’s 
investment in the PRS Joint venture with 
Gatehouse was sold and as a result it is expected 
that the carried interest will be realised during 
2021. The total entitlement to the Directors is split 
in the following proportions: 

GF Barnet

G Thomson

D Sutherland

8.50%

5.00%

3.00%

Subject to certain performance conditions, two 
of the Directors may be entitled to a share of the 
total carried interest which could arise from an 
exit in respect of the Group’s investment in the 
PRS joint venture with UK PRS Properties. 

Based on the methodology presently used to 
recognise a portion of the carried interest as 
Group revenue, the value of the total entitlement 
is expected to be nil. This amount is dependent 
upon the actual outcome of the project and is not 
contractually due to the Directors unless there is 
an exit in respect of Sigma’s investment which is 
not expected to be until 2021 at the earliest. The 
total entitlement to the Directors is split in the 
following proportions:

GF Barnet

G Thomson

7.50%

2.50%

Subject to certain performance conditions, two 
of the Directors may be entitled to a share of 
the total profit on disposal in relation to the 
Group’s self-funded PRS properties. Based on 
methodology used to recognise the fair value 
uplift on investment property, the value of the 
current total entitlement remaining would be 
£462,000. This amount is dependent on the 
actual disposal of the investment property and 
is not contractually due to the Directors unless 
there is a disposal. The total entitlement to the 
Directors is split in the following proportions:

GF Barnet

G Thomson

4.5%

1.5%

During the period, the disposal of certain 
investment property was completed and the 
Directors received the following profit shares in 
respect of carried interest:

GF Barnet

G Thomson

£54,000

£17,000

78

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

79

 
DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATIO N R E P ORT (CONTINUED)

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS - INTERESTS IN SHARES

Directors in office at 30 September 2020 had the following interests in the ordinary shares of 1p each 
of the Company:

GF Barnet

M McGill

J McMahon

D Sigsworth

I Sutcliffe

D Sutherland

G Thomson

2020  
Number

2019 
Number

6,2 1 3 ,237

6,213,237

31,000

100,000

716,9 7 1

1,000,000

145,299

392,85 7

100,000

671, 9 7 1

-

145,299

392,857

All of the above interests are beneficial. There were no dealings in the Company’s shares by any of the 
Directors between 30 September 2020 and 20 January 2021

Ian Sutcliffe
Chairman

20 January 2021

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

STATEMENT OF  
DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES

The directors are responsible for keeping 
adequate accounting records that are sufficient 
to show and explain the company’s transactions 
and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any 
time the financial position of the company 
and enable them to ensure that the financial 
statements comply with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible 
for safeguarding the assets of the company 
and hence for taking reasonable steps for the 
prevention and detection of fraud and other 
irregularities.

WEBSITE PUBLICATION

The directors are responsible for ensuring the 
annual report and the financial statements 
are made available on a website. Financial 
statements are published on the Company’s 
website in accordance with legislation in the 
United Kingdom governing the preparation and 
dissemination of financial statements, which 
may vary from legislation in other jurisdictions. 
The maintenance and integrity of the company’s 
website is the responsibility of the directors. 
The directors’ responsibility also extends to the 
ongoing integrity of the financial statements 
contained therein.

The directors are responsible for preparing the 
annual report and the financial statements in 
accordance with applicable law and regulations. 

Company law requires the directors to prepare 
financial statements for each financial year. Under 
that law the directors have elected to prepare 
the Group and Company financial statements in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European 
Union. Under company law the directors must not 
approve the financial statements unless they are 
satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the 
state of affairs of the Group and Company and 
of the profit or loss of the Group and Company 
for that period. The directors are also required 
to prepare financial statements in accordance 
with the rules of the London Stock Exchange for 
companies trading securities on AIM. 

In preparing these financial statements, the 
directors are required to:

• 

• 

• 

• 

 select suitable accounting policies and then 
apply them consistently;

 make judgements and accounting estimates 
that are reasonable and prudent;

 state whether they have been prepared in 
accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the 
European Union, subject to any material 
departures disclosed and explained in the 
financial statements;

 prepare the financial statements on the going 
concern basis unless it is inappropriate to 
presume that the company will continue in 
business.

80

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

81

AUDIT  
COMMITTEE  
REPORT

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT

I am pleased to present the Audit Committee (the 
“Committee”) report of the Company covering 
the financial period ended 30 September 2020. 
The Committee, which reports to the Board, 
has governance responsibilities to oversee the 
Company’s risk management, internal financial 
controls and financial reporting processes.

Risk management and control
• 

 Review the adequacy of the internal controls 
and risk management systems of the 
Company’s Investment Adviser; and

• 

 Report to the Board on the Company’s 
procedures for detecting fraud.

The Committee members consist of the three 
non-executive Directors who have a broad 
range of financial, commercial and property 
sector expertise which enables them to provide 
oversight of both financial and risk matters.

ROLE OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE

The principal duties of the Audit Committee are:

Financial reporting
• 

 Consider the integrity of the interim and full 
year financial statements which includes the 
preliminary results announcement of the 
Company;

• 

• 

 Report to the Board on any significant financial 
reporting issues and judgments having regard 
to any matters communicated to it by the 
Auditor; and

 As requested by the Board, to review the 
contents of the annual report and financial 
statements and advise the Board on whether 
the report and financial statements provide a 
true and fair view of the Company’s financial 
position as at 30 September 2020 and 
further provides shareholders with sufficient 
information to assess the financial position 
of the Company and Group, and the Group’s 
performance, investment strategy and 
investment objectives.

External audit
• 

 Manage the relationship with the Company’s 
external Auditor, including reviewing the 
Auditor’s remuneration, independence and 
performance and making recommendations to 
the Board as appropriate;

• 

• 

 Review the policy on the engagement of the 
Auditor; and

 Safeguard the Auditor’s independence and 
objectivity.

External property valuation
• 

 Review the quality and appropriateness of the 
half-yearly and full year external valuations of 
the Group’s property portfolio.

Other
• 

 Review the Committee’s terms of reference 
and performance effectiveness.

The Committee meets at least twice annually and 
its quorum is two members. The Audit Committee 
reports and makes recommendations to the 
Board, after each meeting.

82

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

83

AUD IT  COMMITTE E REPORT  (CONTINUED)

MATTERS CONSIDERED BY THE 
AUDIT COMMITTEE 

There are at least two scheduled Audit 
Committee meetings in any financial period. For 
the period from 1 January 2020 to 30 September 
2020, the Committee has met twice. The 
attendance at these meetings was as follows:

Director

Attendance *

Jim McMahon (Chairman)

David Sigsworth

Ian Sutcliffe

2/2

2/2

1/1

*Number of scheduled meetings attended/maximum number of 
meetings that the Director could have attended.

At these meetings, the Audit Committee has:

• 

 Reviewed the internal controls and risk 
management systems of the Company;

•  Reviewed financial results;

• 

 Agreed the audit plan with the Auditor, 
including the agreement of the audit fee;

•  Reviewed the annual valuations;

• 

• 

• 

 Reviewed the provision of non-audit services 
by the Auditor if any;

 Reviewed the independence of the Auditor; 
and

 Reviewed the Group’s financial statements and 
advised the Board accordingly.

The Company’s principal risks can be found on 
pages 62 to 68. The Group CFO updates the 
Audit Committee on changes to accounting 
policies, risk, legislation and areas of significant 
judgement in the financial statements.

84

SIGNIFICANT MATTERS 
CONSIDERED BY THE AUDIT 
COMMITTEE IN THE PERIOD

Coronavirus pandemic
The coronavirus pandemic has represented and 
continues to represent a significant risk to the 
house building and letting activity together with 
the operations of the Company as a whole. It 
is significant in terms of extent and timing and 
therefore could have an impact on whether the 
Company could continue as a going concern. The 
Board of Directors have considered all the risks 
and impact of those on the Company as a result 
of the pandemic. As part of this, it has performed 
a prudent financial stress test to ensure that it 
has significant cash resources to weather the 
pandemic and subsequently emerge in a strong 
enough condition to continue to implement the 
focused build to rent strategy.

Property portfolio valuation
Investment property is held in the financial 
statements at fair value. The valuations are 
carried out by the Board of Directors. Gwynn 
Thomson RICS, Property Investment Director, 
is a chartered surveyor with over 25 years’ 
experience in residential and commercial 
property investments produces the valuations 
which are approved by the Board. The 
valuations are prepared in accordance with 
RICS Valuation Professional Standards 2014 
and are compliant with International Valuation 
Standards. The valuation of the properties 
within the Group’s portfolio is a significant issue 
due to the magnitude of the total amount, the 
potential impact on the movement in value on 
the reported results and the subjectivity of the 
valuation process.

These internal valuations are compared against 
independent valuations prepared for the 
Company’s funders by an external valuation 
specialist. Although not directly comparable, 
these provide an element of independent 
evidence to corroborate and provide comfort to 
the Board and the Audit Committee as regards 
the valuations adopted.

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

External audit process
Before the commencement of the audit, the Audit 
Committee met with the Auditor, to discuss the 
scope of the audit plan. After completion of the 
external audit, the Committee met again with the 
Auditor to discuss the findings of the external 
audit and consider and evaluate any findings.

True and fair view
After the consideration of the above matters 
and detailed review, the Audit Committee was of 
the opinion that the annual report and financial 
statements, represent a true and fair view of the 
Company as a whole and in addition provides 
the information necessary for shareholders to 
assess the Company’s performance, strategy and 
investment objectives.

Audit fees and non-audit services
An audit fee of £44,000 has been agreed in 
respect of the audit of the Parent Company and 
Group consolidation for the period ended 30 
September 2020 (Year to 31 December 2019: 
£55,000). The audit fees of the Group for the 
period ended 30 September 2020 were £104,000 
(Year to 31 December 2019: £115,000). 

The cost of non-audit services provided by the 
Auditor to the Group for the financial period 
ended 30 September 2020 was £30,000 (Year to 
31 December 2019: £30,000). 

BDO LLP have also been engaged to advise on 
taxation compliance matters. To safeguard the 
external Auditor’s independence and objectivity 
there was prior approval of a detailed scope and 
engagement of separate tax team to provide 
tax services. No additional safeguards were 
considered necessary due to the nature of 
procedures involved.

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Independence and objectivity  
of the Auditor
BDO LLP (“BDO”) was appointed Auditor to the 
Company in February 2020 after the Company’s 
previous auditors merged their practice with BDO 
in February 2020. Timothy West, Partner at BDO, 
has been the audit partner on the audit since 
2017. No tender for the audit of the Company has 
been undertaken. 

In evaluating BDO’s performance, the Audit 
Committee considered the effectiveness of the 
audit process, quality of delivery, staff expertise, 
audit fees and the Auditor’s independence, 
along with matters raised during the audit. The 
Committee received confirmation from BDO that 
they maintain appropriate internal safeguards 
in line with applicable professional standards. 
Having considered the Auditor’s independence 
in respect of the period ended 30 September 
2020, the Audit Committee is satisfied with 
the Auditor’s performance, objectivity and 
independence. 

Review of Auditor appointment
Following consideration of the performance 
of the Auditor, the service provided during 
the period and a review of their independence 
and objectivity, the Audit Committee has 
recommended to the Board the continued 
appointment of BDO LLP as the Company’s 
external independent Auditor.

Internal audit
The Audit Committee has determined that there 
is no need for an internal audit function given the 
size, nature and complexity of the Company and 
its business.

Jim McMahon
Audit Committee Chairman

20 January 2021

85

 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 
to the members of Sigma Capital Group plc

OPINION ON THE FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS 

BASIS FOR OPINION

In our opinion:

• 

• 

• 

 the financial statements give a true and fair 
view of the state of the Group’s and of the 
Parent Company’s affairs as at 30 September 
2020 and of the Group’s profit for the period 
then ended;

 the Group financial statements have been 
properly prepared in accordance with 
international accounting standards in 
conformity with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006;

 the Parent Company financial statements 
have been properly prepared in accordance 
with international accounting standards 
in conformity with the requirements of 
the Companies Act 2006 and as applied 
in accordance with the provisions of the 
Companies Act 2006; and

We conducted our audit in accordance with 
International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs 
(UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities 
under those standards are further described in 
the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the 
financial statements section of our report. We 
believe that the audit evidence we have obtained 
is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis 
for our opinion. Our audit opinion is consistent 
with the additional report to the audit committee. 

Independence
We remain independent of the Group and the 
Parent Company in accordance with the ethical 
requirements that are relevant to our audit of 
the financial statements in the UK, including 
the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed 
entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these 
requirements.

• 

 the financial statements have been prepared 
in accordance with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006.

CONCLUSIONS RELATING TO 
GOING CONCERN

We have audited the financial statements of 
Sigma Capital Group plc (the ‘Parent Company’) 
and its subsidiaries (the ‘Group’) for the 9 
month period ended 30 September 2020 which 
comprise the Consolidated Comprehensive 
Income Statement, the Consolidated and 
Company Statements of Financial Position, 
the Consolidated and Company Statements 
of Changes in Equity, the Consolidated and 
Company Cash Flows Statements, and notes to 
the financial statements, including a summary 
of significant accounting policies. The financial 
reporting framework that has been applied 
in their preparation is applicable law and 
international accounting standards in conformity 
with the requirements of the Companies Act 
2006 and, as regards the Parent Company 
financial statements, as applied in accordance 
with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006.

In auditing the financial statements, we have 
concluded that the Directors’ use of the going 
concern basis of accounting in the preparation of 
the financial statements is appropriate. 

The Group’s borrowing arrangements with 
Homes England, (“HCA”) which are subject 
to financial covenants, are due for renewal in 
September 2021 and COVID-19 has had an 
impact on the Group. The uncertainty created 
by the pandemic has increased the level of 
estimation and judgement involved in relation 
to going concern assessments and increased 
the risk of material uncertainties being present. 
As summarised in the accounting policies on 
pages 104 to 112 and note 32 and detailed in the 
Directors’ report, management have modelled a 
number of scenarios to incorporate the expected 
impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, plans for 

86

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

renewal of the Group’s borrowing arrangements, 
the contracted property sales post period-
end and the limited recourse status of the loan 
taking account of the Group’s net current liability 
position. We therefore identified going concern 
as a key audit matter based on our assessment of 
the significance of the risk on our audit strategy

Our evaluation of the Directors’ assessment of 
the Group and the Parent Company’s ability to 
continue to adopt the going concern basis of 
accounting included:

• 

• 

• 

• 

 Assessment of the latest board approved cash 
flow forecasts for the Group, which covered 
a period of more than 3 years from the date 
of approval of these financial statements 
to September 2024. For the period ending 
September 2022 we corroborated input data 
and reviewed the current period and after 
date results against forecasts. We challenged 
management’s assumptions taking account of 
the relevant contractual arrangements in place 
in respect of development progress;

 Assessment of the appropriateness of the 
scenarios evaluated and potential impact 
based on our knowledge of the business and 
available market information, taking account of 
COVID-19 especially in relation to the impact of 
timing of completion of the London properties 
and their pre-contracted sales. We considered 
relevant sensitivities relating to development 
delays, financing availability and financial 
covenants;

 We also reviewed the signed SPAs in relation 
to the contracted property sales to verify the 
agreed sales values in relation to loan facility;

 We have reviewed the correspondence with 
HCA in connection with the renewal of the new 
loan agreement and noted that arrangements 
had yet to be finalised;

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

• 

• 

 We considered management statement that 
in the event of no income or cost saving 
measures they have sufficient cash reserves to 
cover 3 years of total overhead based on our 
assessment and we performed a sensitivity 
analysis of this; and

 Review of the disclosures in the accounting 
policies and note 32 to check that an 
appropriate explanation of the potential 
impact of COVID-19, impact of the borrowing 
arrangements in place at the time of approval 
and the current lockdown was provided.

Based on the work we have performed, we have 
not identified any material uncertainties relating 
to events or conditions that, individually or 
collectively, may cast significant doubt on the 
Group and the Parent entity’s ability to continue 
as a going concern for a period of at least twelve 
months from when the financial statements are 
authorised for issue. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of 
the Directors with respect to going concern are 
described in the relevant sections of this report.

87

 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR ’S  R E PO RT  (CONTINUED)

100% (2019: 100%) of Group profit before tax

Coverage

100% (2019: 100%) of Group revenue

100% (2019: 100%) of Group total assets

Key audit matters

2020

2019

KAM 1: 

Valuation of 
investment properties

KAM 2: 

Going concern

3

3

3

3

Materiality

Group financial statements as a whole

£1,569,000 (2019: £1,337,000) based on 1.5% (2019: 1.5%) of total assets.

AN OVERVIEW OF THE SCOPE OF 
OUR AUDIT 

Our Group audit was scoped by obtaining an 
understanding of the Group and its environment, 
including the Group’s system of internal control, 
and assessing the risks of material misstatement 
in the financial statements. We also addressed 
the risk of management override of internal 
controls, including assessing whether there was 
evidence of bias by the Directors that may have 
represented a risk of material misstatement.

As part of designing our audit, we determined 
materiality and assessed the risks of material 
misstatement in the financial statements. In 
particular, we looked at where the Directors 
made subjective judgements, for example in 
respect of the valuation of investment properties 
which involves a high level of estimation 
uncertainty, as well as the Directors’ assessment 
of going concern.

There are 6 (2019: 7) significant components in 
the Group, which are all registered and operate 
in the UK, each of which is subject to a full scope 
audit by BDO LLP.

Key audit matters 
Key audit matters are those matters that, in 
our professional judgement, were of most 
significance in our audit of the financial 
statements of the current period and include 
the most significant assessed risks of material 
misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) that 
we identified, including those which had the 
greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, the 
allocation of resources in the audit, and directing 
the efforts of the engagement team. These 
matters were addressed in the context of our 
audit of the financial statements as a whole, and 
in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not 
provide a separate opinion on these matters.

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Key audit matter

How the scope of our audit addressed the key audit 
matter

Valuation of investment 
properties (page 136)

In this area our audit work included, but was not restricted to,  
the following:

The Group holds investment 
properties which comprise 
properties, both completed and 
under construction. Investment 
properties are valued by the 
Directors at the reporting date. 

The Directors’ valuation 
process includes a comparison 
to valuation evidence prepared 
by external valuers as a cross-
check, including valuation 
reports prepared in relation 
to purchases and sales of 
properties in the period as 
well as a desk top valuation of 
the regional properties at the 
reporting date.

The valuation of investment 
properties requires significant 
judgement and there is 
therefore a risk that the 
properties are incorrectly 
valued. The accounting policies 
are disclosed on pages 104 to 
112.

•  We assessed the competency and qualifications of the Director  
  preparing the valuations of the investment properties at the  

reporting date.

•  We met with the Group’s Directors to discuss and challenge  
the valuation methodology and key inputs and assumptions  

  used, and considered if there were any indicators of undue  
  management influence on the valuations.

•  We formed our own market expectations with the assistance    
  of our internal property valuation experts. We compared the 
  key valuation assumptions against our market expectations  
  and challenged the Directors and the external valuer where  

significant variances from these expectations were identified.  

  The key valuation assumptions were considered to be the  

investment yields, estimated rental values and expected gross   
to net income rates, which we reviewed by reference to market  
  data based on the location and specifics of each property. Our  
review of these assumptions included reference to comparable  

  market transactions, and, where considered relevant, rental  
  data from sites the Group has previously completed.

• 
In respect of the properties in the course of development, on 
  a sample basis we tested the accuracy of the key observable  
  valuation inputs supplied to and used by the Directors. This  
included agreeing the costs incurred to date to supporting  
  documentation and reviewing the costs to complete against  
the latest development appraisals to gain assurance over the  
  calculation of the fair value based on stage of completion. In  
respect of the income-generating properties, this included  
  agreeing on a sample basis the passing level of rental income    
  and lease terms to underlying supporting documentation.

•  We reviewed the appropriateness of the Group’s disclosures  
  within the financial statements in relation to valuation    
  methodology, key valuation inputs and valuation uncertainty.

Key observations:

We did not identify any indicators to suggest that the judgements 
and estimates made in the valuation of the Group’s investment 
properties were inappropriate.

88

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

89

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPE NDENT  AUDITOR ’S  R E PO RT  (CONTINUED)

OUR APPLICATION OF 
MATERIALITY 

We apply the concept of materiality both in 
planning and performing our audit, and in 
evaluating the effect of misstatements. We 
consider materiality to be the magnitude by 
which misstatements, including omissions, could 
influence the economic decisions of reasonable 
users that are taken on the basis of the financial 
statements. 

In order to reduce to an appropriately low level 
the probability that any misstatements exceed 

materiality, we use a lower materiality level, 
performance materiality, to determine the extent 
of testing needed. Importantly, misstatements 
below these levels will not necessarily be 
evaluated as immaterial as we also take account 
of the nature of identified misstatements, and 
the particular circumstances of their occurrence, 
when evaluating their effect on the financial 
statements as a whole. 

Based on our professional judgement, we 
determined materiality for the financial 
statements as a whole and performance 
materiality as follows:

Group financial statements

Parent company financial statements

2020

2019

2020

2019

Materiality

£1,569,000

£1,337,000

£571,000

£547,000

Basis for determining 
materiality

Rationale for the 
benchmark applied

Calculated with reference to a 
benchmark of the Group’s total 
assets, of which it represents 1.5% 
(2019: 1.5%)

We consider total assets to be one 
of the principal considerations 
for the users of the financial 
statements in assessing the 
financial performance of the 
Group.

Calculated with reference to a benchmark 
of the Parent Company’s total assets, of 
which it represents 1.5% (2019: 1.5%)

We consider total assets an appropriate 
benchmark for a holding company

Performance materiality

£1,176,750

£1,002,000

£428,250

£410,200

Basis for determining 
performance materiality

Based on 75% (2019: 75%) of materiality having considered a number of factors 
including the expected total value of known and likely misstatements based on 
previous assurance engagements and other factors.

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

OTHER INFORMATION 

The directors are responsible for the other 
information. The other information comprises 
the information included in the annual report 
and financial statements other than the financial 
statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our 
opinion on the financial statements does not 
cover the other information and, except to the 
extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we 
do not express any form of assurance conclusion 
thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other 
information and, in doing so, consider whether 
the other information is materially inconsistent 
with the financial statements or our knowledge 
obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise 
appears to be materially misstated. If we identify 
such material inconsistencies or apparent material 
misstatements, we are required to determine 
whether this gives rise to a material misstatement 
in the financial statements themselves. If, based 
on the work we have performed, we conclude 
that there is a material misstatement of this other 
information, we are required to report that fact.

We have nothing to report in this regard.

Specific materiality 
We also determined that for those classes of 
transactions and balances which impact on the 
Group’s earnings before tax, excluding property 
valuation movements, a misstatement of less than 
materiality for the financial statements as a whole, 
specific materiality, could influence the economic 
decisions of users. As a result, we determined 
materiality for these items based on 7.5% (2019: 
7.5%) of profit before tax adjusted for fair value 
movement capital items averaged over 3 years at 
£557,000 (2019: £725,000). We further applied 
a performance materiality level of 75% (2019: 
75%) of specific materiality to ensure that the 
risk of errors exceeding specific materiality was 
appropriately mitigated.

Component materiality 
We set materiality for each component of the 
Group based on a percentage of between 4% 
and 36% (2019: 9% - 52%) of Group materiality 
dependent on the size and our assessment of the 
risk of material misstatement of that component. 
Component materiality ranged from £66,000 to 
£571,000 (2019: £125,000 to £696,000. In the 
audit of each component, we further applied 
performance materiality levels of 75% (2019: 
75%) of the component materiality to our testing 
to ensure that the risk of errors exceeding 
component materiality was appropriately 
mitigated.

Reporting threshold 
We agreed with the Audit Committee that 
we would report to them all individual audit 
differences in excess of £31,380 (2019: £26,000). 
We also agreed to report differences below this 
threshold that, in our view, warranted reporting 
on qualitative grounds.

90

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

91

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  
TO THE SHAREHOLDERS OF SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC (CONTINUED)

OTHER COMPANIES ACT 2006 REPORTING 

Based on the responsibilities described below and our work performed during the course of the audit, 
we are required by the Companies Act 2006 and ISAs (UK) to report on certain opinions and matters 
as described below. 

Strategic report and 
Directors’ report 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:

•  the information given in the Strategic report and the Directors’ report for the   

financial period for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with  
the financial statements; and

•  the Strategic report and the Directors’ report have been prepared in accordance  
  with applicable legal requirements.

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and Parent Company 
and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified 
material misstatements in the strategic report or the Directors’ report.

Matters on which 
we are required to 
report by exception

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the 
Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

•  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Parent Company, or   

returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited  

  by us; or

•  the Parent Company financial statements and the part of the Directors’  

remuneration report to be audited are not in agreement with the accounting   
records and returns; or

•  certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or

•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF DIRECTORS 

As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities, the Directors are responsible 
for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair 
view, and for such internal control as the Directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of 
financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s and the 
Parent Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to 
going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the Directors either intend to 
liquidate the Group or the Parent Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but 
to do so.

92

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

93

 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  
TO THE SHAREHOLDERS OF SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC (CONTINUED)

AUDITOR’S RESPONSIBILITIES  
FOR THE AUDIT OF THE  
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable 
assurance about whether the financial 
statements as a whole are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, 
and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our 
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of 
assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit 
conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will 
always detect a material misstatement when it 
exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or 
error and are considered material if, individually 
or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be 
expected to influence the economic decisions 
of users taken on the basis of these financial 
statements.

Extent to which the audit was capable of 
detecting irregularities, including fraud
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of 
non-compliance with laws and regulations. We 
design procedures in line with our responsibilities, 
outlined above, to detect material misstatements 
in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The 
extent to which our procedures are capable of 
detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed 
below:

• 

 Through assessing our cumulative acquired 
knowledge and review of relevant sector 
information, we gained an understanding of 
the legal and regulatory framework applicable 
to the Group and the industry in which it 
operates, and considered the risk of acts by 
the Group that were contrary to applicable 
laws and regulations, including fraud;

• 

 We focused on laws and regulations that 
could give rise to a material misstatement in 
the financial statements, including, but not 
limited to, the Companies Act 2006, the AIM 
Rules and tax legislation;

• 

• 

 We evaluated management’s incentives and 
opportunities for fraudulent manipulation of 
the financial statements (including the risk 
of override of controls), and determined that 
the principal risks were related to posting 
inappropriate journal entries to manipulate 
financial results and management bias in 
accounting estimates;

 We discussed among the engagement 
team how and where fraud might occur in 
the financial statements and any potential 
indicators of fraud. As part of this discussion, 
we identified potential for management bias 
in the valuation of investment properties. 
The key audit matters section of our report 
explains this matter in more detail and 
also describes the specific procedures we 
performed in response to that key audit 
matter. Furthermore, we communicated 
relevant identified laws and regulations 
and potential fraud risks to all engagement 
team members and remained alert to any 
indications of fraud or non-compliance with 
laws and regulations throughout the audit;

•  Our tests included:

- 

- 

 obtaining an understanding of the control 
environment in monitoring compliance with 
laws and regulations and we considered the 
adequacy of controls around procurement 
fraud;
 obtaining and reviewing supporting 
documentation, concerning the Group’s 
policies and procedures relating to:

• 

• 

• 

 identifying, evaluating and complying 
with laws and regulations;
  detecting and responding to the risks  
of fraud; and
 the internal controls established to 
mitigate risks related to fraud or non-
compliance with laws and regulations.

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

-  enquiring of management as to:

• 

• 

 the risks of non-compliance and any 
instances thereof and existence of any 
actual and potential litigation and claims; 
and
 whether they were aware of any 
instances of non-compliance and 
whether they have knowledge of any 
actual, suspected or alleged fraud.

- 

- 

- 

 performing analytical procedures to identify 
any unusual or unexpected relationships 
that may indicate risks of material 
misstatement due to fraud;
 reviewing of Board and Committee meeting 
minutes; and
 reviewing the financial statement 
disclosures and agreeing to supporting 
documentation where relevant to assess 
compliance with relevant laws and 
regulations discussed above.

• 

 We also addressed the risk of management 
override of internal controls by:

- 

- 

- 

 testing the appropriateness of journal 
entries, in particular any journal entries 
posted with unusual account combinations, 
journals posted by senior management, 
journals posted and reviewed by the same 
individual and consolidation journals;
 assessing whether the judgements made in 
making accounting estimates are indicative 
of a potential bias by the Directors that 
represented a risk of material misstatement 
due to fraud; and
 evaluating the business rationale of any 
significant transactions that are unusual or 
outside the normal course of business.

fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting 
one resulting from error, as fraud may involve 
deliberate concealment by, for example, forgery, 
misrepresentations or through collusion. There 
are inherent limitations in the audit procedures 
performed and the further removed non-
compliance with laws and regulations is from the 
events and transactions reflected in the financial 
statements, the less likely we are to become 
aware of it.

A further description of our responsibilities 
is available on the Financial Reporting 
Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/
auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms 
part of our auditor’s report.

USE OF OUR REPORT

This report is made solely to the Parent 
Company’s members, as a body, in accordance 
with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 
2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so 
that we might state to the Parent Company’s 
members those matters we are required to state 
to them in an auditor’s report and for no other 
purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, 
we do not accept or assume responsibility to 
anyone other than the Parent Company and the 
Parent Company’s members as a body, for our 
audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we 
have formed.

Timothy West (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of BDO LLP, Statutory Auditor
London

20 January 2021

Our audit procedures were designed to respond 
to risks of material misstatement in the financial 
statements, recognising that the risk of not 
detecting a material misstatement due to 

BDO LLP is a limited liability partnership 
registered in England and Wales (with registered 
number OC305127)

94

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

95

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED COMPREHENSIVE 
INCOME STATEMENT

CONSOLIDATED  
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

at 30 September 2020

Revenue

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Unrealised gain on revaluation of investment property

Realised gain on revaluation of investment property

Unrealised (loss)/gain on revaluation of investments 
held at fair value through profit and loss

Administrative expenses

Profit from operations

Finance income

Finance costs

Dividends received

Share of (loss)/profit of joint venture

Profit before tax

Taxation

Profit after tax for the period/year

Other comprehensive income

Unrealised loss on revaluation of investments held  
at fair value through other comprehensive income

Revaluation of own property

Total comprehensive income for the period/year

Earnings per share attributable to the equity  
holders of the Company:

Basic profit per share

Diluted profit per share

Notes

3 and 4

5

15

15

20

7

8

9

10

18

12

20

16

13

13

9 months to  
30 September 2020

Year to  
31 December 2019

£’000

7,952

(52)

7,900

843

415

(214)

£’000

13,865

(69)

13,796

3,410

509

214

(5,747)

(5,944)

3,197

19

(62)

139

(60)

3,233

(686)

2,547

(441)

-

2,106

2.84

2.8 1

11,985

44

(173)

185

963

13,004

(2,607)

10,397

(166)

-

10,231

11.63p

11.45p

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this consolidated comprehensive income statement.

Assets
Non-current assets
Goodwill and other intangibles
Investment property
Property and equipment
Investment in joint ventures
Fixed asset investments
Financial asset investments 
Trade and other receivables

Current assets
Trade and other receivables
Other current assets
Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets

Liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Interest bearing loans and borrowings
Deferred tax

Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
Interest bearing loans
Current tax liability

Total liabilities

Net assets

Equity

Called up share capital
Share premium account
Capital redemption reserve
Merger reserve
Capital reserve
Revaluation reserve
Retained earnings

Equity attributable to equity holders of the Company

30 September 
2020

31 December  
2019

Notes

£’000

£’000

14
15
16
18
19
20
21

21
21

23
24

22
23

25
25
27
27
27
27

533
66,042
1,402
356
2
4,545
-
72,880

4,023
6,871
25,769
36,663

533
53,801
1,283
4,657
2
5,200
1,889
67,365

4,047
750
16,827
21,624

109,543

88,989

-
1,370
1,370

3,844
43,079
110
47,033

48,403

19,488
1,453
20,941

6,565
55
972
7,592

28,533

61,140

60,456

895
32,210
34
(249)
(7)
186
28,071

61,140

894
32,107
34
(249)
(7)
186
27,491

60,456

96

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this consolidated statement of financial position.

97

COMPANY STATEMENT OF 
FINANCIAL POSITION

CONSOLIDATED  
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

at 30 September 2020

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

Notes

30 September 
2020 
£’000

31 December  
2019 
£’000

Share
capital
£’000

Share
premium
account
£’000

Capital 
redemption 
reserve 
£’000

Merger
reserve
£’000

Capital 
reserve 
£’000

Revaluation 
reserve 
£’000

Retained 
earnings 
£’000

Total
equity
£’000

Assets
Non-current assets
Property and equipment
Deferred tax
Investment in subsidiaries

Current assets
Other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets

Liabilities
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
Current tax liability
Total liabilities

Net assets

Equity
Called up share capital
Share premium account
Capital redemption reserve
Retained earnings

Total equity

16

17

21

22

25
25
27

13
303
2,922
3,238

30,946
4,176
35,122

38,360

241
423
664

37,696

895
32,210
34
4,557

37,696

13
-
2,922
2,935

30,563
3,137
33,700

36,635

192
329
521

36,114

894
32,107
34
3,079

36,114

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement of financial position. The Company 
has elected to take the exemption under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 to not present the 
Company income statement. The profit for the Company for the period was £3,004,000 (Year to 31 
December 2019: £2,052,000).

The financial statements on pages 96 to 158 were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised 
for issue on 20 January 2021 and were signed on its behalf by:

GF Barnet
Chief Executive Officer

20 January 2021
Registered number 03942129

At 1 January 2019

893

32,048

34

(249)

(7)

186

18,971

51,876

Profit for the year
Other 
comprehensive 
income

Transactions  
with owners in 
their capacity  
as owners

Issue of shares

Share-based 
payments

Dividends paid

At 31 December 
2019

Profit for the year
Other 
comprehensive 
income

Transactions 
with owners in 
their capacity as 
owners

Issue of shares
Share-based 
payments net of 
deferred tax
Dividend paid

At 30 September 
2020

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

59

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

10,397

10,397

(166)

(166)

10,231

10,231

-

77

60

77

(1,788)

(1,788)

894

32,107

34

(249)

(7)

186

27,491

60,456

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

103

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2,547

2,547

(441)

(441)

2,106

2,106

-

265

104

265

(1,791)

(1,791)

895

32,210

34

(249)

(7)

186

28,071

61,140

98

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

99

 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF 
CHANGES IN EQUITY

CONSOLIDATED AND  
COMPANY CASH FLOW STATEMENTS

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

Share
capital
£’000

Share
premium
account
£’000

Capital 
redemption 
reserve 
£’000

Retained 
earnings
£’000

Total  
equity 
£’000

At 1 January 2019

Issue of shares

Profit for the year 

Share-based payments

Dividend paid

At 31 December 2019

Issue of shares

Profit for the year 

Share-based payments net 
of deferred tax

Dividend paid

893

1

-

-

-

32,048

59

-

-

-

894

32,107

1

-

-

-

103

-

-

-

34

-

-

-

-

34

-

-

-

-

At 30 September 2020

895

32,210

34

2,738

-

2,052

77

(1,788)

3,079

-

3,004

265

(1,791)

4,557

35,713

60

2,052

77

(1,788)

36,114

104

3,004

265

(1,791)

37,696

Group
9 Months to 
30 Sep 2020
£’000

Group
Year ended 
31 Dec 2019
£’000

Company
9 Months to 
30 Sep 2020
£’000

Company
Year ended 
31 Dec 2019
£’000

Notes

29

(1,289)

8,041

(267)

(3,916)

(1,289)

8,041

(267)

(3,916)

20

20
10

(155)
(37)
(23,041)

(16)
-
(61,229)

7,241

35,332

-

(2,982)

-
4,417
19
(62)

17
185
44
(165)

(11,618)

(28,814)

23,536
104
(1,791)

21,849

16,500
60
(1,788)

14,772

(16)
-
-

-

-

-
3,000
8
-

2,992

-
105
(1,791)

(1,686)

(1)
-
-

-

-

-
2,500
19
-

2,518

-
60
(1,788)

(1,728)

8,942

(6,001)

1,039

(3,126)

16,827

22,828

3,137

6,263

Cash flows from operating activities

Cash (used in)/generated from 
operations

Net cash (outflow)/inflow from 
operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities

Purchase of property and equipment

Investment in joint venture

Purchase of investment property 

Proceeds from the sale of investment 
property

Purchase of financial assets at fair 
value

Distributions received

Dividends received

Finance income received

Finance cost paid

Net cash (outflow)/inflow from 
investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities

Bank and other loans

Issue of shares

Dividends paid

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from 
financing activities

Net increase/(decrease) in cash  
and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at 
beginning of period/year

Cash and cash equivalents at end of 
period/year

25,769

16,827

4,176

3,137

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this cash flow statement.

100

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

101

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

CONSOLI DATED A ND  COMPANY   CAS H F LOW  STATE MEN TS  (CONTINUED)

Reconciliation of changes in liabilities arising from financing activities

Group
9 Months to  
30 Sep 2020
£’000

Group  
Year ended  
31 Dec 2019 
£’000

19,543

23,577

(41)

43,079

3,043

16,555

(55)

19,543

Opening balance of loans at 1 January

New loans

Repayment in the period

Further details are provided in note 23.

102

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

103

ACCOUNTING 
POLICIES 

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

The accounting policies set out below have been 
applied consistently to all periods presented in 
these financial statements.

BASIS OF ACCOUNTING 

The financial statements have been prepared on 
a going concern basis. The impact of coronavirus 
and the ability of the Company and the Group 
to continue in operational existence for the 
foreseeable future is discussed in note 32. 

The business model of the Group together with 
the principal risks and uncertainties are set out in 
the Strategic Report and the Group’s financial risk 
management is covered in note 1. 

The progress of the Group since the statement 
of financial position date is described in the 
Chairman’s Statement and Strategic Report. 

The Group had a bank balance of £25.8 million 
as at 30 September 2020 and therefore has 
considerable financial resources for the size of its 
current business activities.

The financial statements of the Group have 
been prepared in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standards and International 
Accounting Standards as issued by the 
International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) 
and Interpretations (collectively IFRSs). The 
Company has prepared its financial statements in 
accordance with IFRS as applied in compliance 
with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. 
The Company has elected to take the exemption 
under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 to 
not present the Company income statement.

The financial statements have been prepared 
on the historical cost basis, except where IFRS 
requires an alternative treatment. The principal 
variations from historical cost relate to financial 
instruments and investment property.

Adoption of new and revised standards 

Standards and interpretations in issue but not 
yet effective 
A number of new standards and amendments 
to existing standards have been published which 
are mandatory but are not effective for the 
period ended 30 September 2020. The Directors 
do not anticipate that the adoption of these 
revised standards and interpretations will have 
a significant impact on the figures included in 
the financial statements in the period of initial 
application.

Summary of new accounting policies effective 
from 1 January 2020 

Amendments to References to the Conceptual 
Framework in IFRS Standards 
The conceptual framework helps develop 
requirements in IFRS standards based on 
consistent concepts and consideration of these 
in turn should result in the IASB developing IFRS 
standards that require entities to provide financial 
information that is useful to investors, lenders 
and other creditors. The framework was revised 
as some important issues were not covered 
or was unclear or out of date. The Directors 
have assessed that the adoption does not 
have a significant impact in the period of initial 
application on the results or net assets of the 
Company or Group.

Amendments to IFRS 16, coronavirus rent 
concession 
As a result of the coronavirus many lessors 
around the world have provided or are expected 
to provide an economic relief in the form of rent 
concessions to lessees. Where there is a change 
in lease payment, the accounting consequences 
will depend on whether that change meets the 
definition of a lease modification. 

104

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

105

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

of the Gatehouse general partner. The Group 
neither exercises control nor has the potential 
to control TLP and solely acts in a commercial 
capacity as development and asset manager.

The Group also has a 20% interest in UK PRS 
(Jersey) I LP in relation to its PRS joint venture 
with UK PRS Properties. The Group will retain 
a share of net disposal profits on the assets, 
subject to a minimum return to investors. As 
specified in the constitutional documents of the 
Partnership, all power and authority lies with the 
Gatehouse general partner and therefore Sigma 
is contractually bound to follow the instructions 
of the Gatehouse general partner. The Group 
neither exercises control nor has the potential to 
control UK PRS (Jersey) I LP and acts solely in a 
commercial capacity as development and asset 
manager.

ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

As a lessor
The Group leases residential property to 
individual qualifying tenants on assured short-
hold tenancies which are no longer than twelve 
months. The Group has not reduced any lease 
payments and for any coronavirus related arrears 
they are managed by agreeing payment deferral 
plans with tenants encountering difficulties. The 
level of these payment deferral plans has not 
been and is not material having amounted to less 
than £100,000 of rent as a maximum.

As a lessee
The Company leases office space in Manchester 
which expires in 2026. To date the Company has 
neither received nor requested any reduction in 
current lease payments.

Amendments to IFRS3, definition of a business 
as key 
This amendment relates to Business 
Combinations and ‘Definition of a business’. 
Neither the Company or the Group has any 
business combinations to consider in the current 
period or prior year and therefore the adoption 
of this standard does not have any impact in the 
period of initial application on the results or net 
assets of the Company or the Group.

IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in 
Accounting Estimates and Error: Definition of 
Material 
This standard is applied in selecting and applying 
accounting policies, accounting for changes 
in estimates and reflecting corrections of prior 
period errors. The Group has not changed any 
accounting policies or changed the way that 
it makes estimations. The Directors therefore 
consider that the adoption does not have 
a significant impact in the period of initial 
application on the results or net assets of the 
Company or Group.

BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION

The Group financial statements consolidate the 
financial statements of Sigma and its subsidiary 
undertakings. The Group has taken advantage 
of the exemption under IFRS 1 First-time 
Adoption of International Financial Reporting 
Standards not to adopt IFRS 3 retrospectively 
and hence has used merger accounting for 
Sigma Technology Management Limited (“STM”) 
which was first consolidated into the Group 
in 2000. All other subsidiary undertakings are 
consolidated using acquisition accounting from 
the date of acquisition. 

Under acquisition accounting, the cost of an 
acquisition is measured as the fair value of the 
assets acquired, equity instruments issued and 
liabilities incurred or assumed at the date of 
exchange. Identifiable assets acquired, together 
with liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed 
in a business combination are measured initially 
at their fair values at the acquisition date. The 
excess of the cost of acquisition over the fair 
value of the Group’s share of the identifiable 
net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. 
The direct costs of acquisition are recognised 
immediately as an expense.

The Company has guaranteed the liabilities 
of certain subsidiaries included within note 
17. Where the Company has guaranteed the 
liabilities of the subsidiary and they are included 
within the consolidated financial statements the 
subsidiaries were exempt from the requirements 
of audit under Section 479A of the Companies 
Act 2006.

The Group has a 32.99% share of any profits that 
might arise in the Salford Limited Partnership 
through its 25% holding in the General Partner 
of this partnership, through a wholly owned 
subsidiary which acts as a limited partner. 

The Directors consider that the Group neither 
exercises control nor has the potential to control 
the partnerships and acts solely in a commercial 
capacity as project manager, development 
manager and developer of the underlying 
projects undertaken by the partnership.

The Group has a 0.01% share of any profits 
that might arise in the Liverpool Partnership 
through a wholly owned subsidiary. The Directors 
consider that the Group neither exercises control 
nor has the potential to control the partnerships 
and acts solely in a commercial capacity as 
project manager, development manager and 
developer of the underlying projects undertaken 
by the partnership.

The Group has a 25.1% equity interest in 
Countryside Sigma Limited (“CSL”) a residential 
housing developer also engaged in the sourcing 
and provision of affordable housing for housing 
associations and other registered social 
landlords. The Group earns profits on residential 
developments depending on the size of each 
development and is entitled to 50% of the 
residual profits of CSL once all developments are 
complete. The Group uses the equity method, 
initially at cost, and the carrying amount is 
increased or decreased to reflect the Group’s 
share of the profit or loss with the amount 
recognised in the profit and loss account. CSL’s 
final project was completed in 2019 and will deal 
with any further residual matters during 2021. 
The Group neither exercises control nor has the 
potential to control CSL.

The Group has a 20.1% interest in Thistle Limited 
Partnership (“TLP”), its PRS joint venture with 
Gatehouse. The Group retains a share of the 
net disposal profits on the assets, subject to a 
minimum return to investors. As specified in the 
constitutional documents of the Partnership, 
all power and authority lies with the Gatehouse 
general partner and therefore Sigma is 
contractually bound to follow the instructions 

106

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

107

ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

INVESTMENT PROPERTY

INTERESTS IN JOINT VENTURES 

Goodwill 
Goodwill arising on consolidation represents the 
excess of the cost of acquisition over the Group’s 
interest in the fair value of the identifiable 
assets and liabilities of a subsidiary at the date 
of acquisition. Goodwill is recognised as an 
asset and reviewed for impairment annually. 
For the purposes of assessing impairment, 
assets are grouped in to cash generating units 
(“CGU”), being the lowest levels for which 
there are separately identifiable cash flows. 
Any impairment is recognised immediately in 
the income statement and is not subsequently 
reversed. When the Group disposes of an interest 
in a subsidiary, the value of goodwill is reduced 
by the proportion that relates to the interest 
being disposed of.

Property that is held for long-term rental 
yields or for capital appreciation or both 
is classified as investment property under 
IAS 40. Investment property, including that 
which is being constructed for future use as 
investment property, is measured initially at cost 
including related transactions costs. After initial 
recognition, investment property is carried at fair 
value. Gains or losses arising from changes in the 
fair value of the Group’s investment properties 
are included in profit from operations in the 
income statement of the period in which they 
arise. Investment property falls within Level 3 of 
the fair value hierarchy as defined by IFRS 13. 
Further details are provided in note 1 and in the 
Market Risk section below. 

Acquired intangible assets 
Intangible assets are recognised on business 
combinations if they are separable from the 
acquired entity or give rise to other contractual/
legal rights. The amounts ascribed to such 
intangibles are arrived at by using appropriate 
valuation techniques.

The significant intangibles recognised by 
the Group, their useful economic lives and 
the methods used to determine the cost of 
intangibles acquired in a business combination 
are as follows:

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property is held at fair value less subsequent 
depreciation. The only property held is the 
Group’s premises at 18 Alva Street, Edinburgh 
and was valued by an independent expert as at 31 
December 2018. Equipment is stated at cost less 
depreciation and any provision for impairment. 

DEPRECIATION

Depreciation is provided at rates calculated to 
write-off the cost less estimated residual value 
of each asset on a straight-line basis over its 
expected useful life. The rates of depreciation 
are as follows:

Intangible  
asset

Useful  
economic life

Valuation 
method

Customer 
relationships

Remaining 
period of 
contract

Multi-period 
Earnings

Property (excluding land)

2% per annum

Leasehold improvements

over the term of the lease

Motor Vehicles

33% per annum

Fixtures and office equipment 25% per annum

Computer equipment

33-50% per annum

Investments in joint ventures are accounted for 
by the equity method of accounting and are 
initially recognised at cost. The carrying amount 
is thereafter increased or decreased to recognise 
the Group’s share of profit or loss after the date 
of acquisition. The Group’s share of profit or loss 
is recognised in the income statement.

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are 
recognised on the Group’s statement of financial 
position when the Group becomes a party to the 
contractual provisions of the instrument.

Trade and other receivables
Trade receivables are recognised initially at fair 
value and subsequently carried at amortised 
cost less provision for impairment. Where the 
time value of money is material, receivables 
are carried at amortised cost using the effect 
interest method. Impairment provisions are 
recognised based on the expected credit loss 
model detailed within IFRS 9. The Group applies 
the IFRS 9 simplified approach to measuring 
expected credit losses using a lifetime expected 
credit loss provision for trade receivables and 
contract assets. The amount of expected credit 
losses is updated at each reporting date to reflect 
changes in credit risk since initial recognition. The 
expected credit losses on those financial assets 
are estimated based on the Group’s historical 
credit loss experience, adjusted for factors that 
are specific to the debtors, general economic 
conditions and an assessment of both the current 
as well as the forecast direction of conditions at 
the reporting date. 

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Cash
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank.

Investments
Investments represent the Group’s interest in the 
equity value of one quoted stock, one unquoted 
stock and one venture capital fund managed by a 
third party. 

Investments are classified as financial assets at 
fair value through profit or loss or at fair value 
through other comprehensive income and are 
initially measured at fair value. Subsequent 
measurement is at fair value. Investments 
designated at fair value through other 
comprehensive income on initial recognition is 
irrevocable. The fair value of the quoted stock is 
based on the bid price at the year-end date. The 
fair value of the unquoted stock is established 
using International Private Equity and Venture 
Capital Valuation Guidelines. The fair value of the 
investment in the venture capital fund is based on 
the net asset value of the fund at the Company’s 
year-end as reported by the independent fund 
manager where the Board believes that this 
is materially equivalent to fair value. The fund 
manager undertakes a full fair value assessment 
of the investments held by the venture capital 
fund using valuation methodologies in line with 
British Venture Capital Association guidelines.

Investments classified as financial assets at fair 
value through profit or loss or financial assets at 
fair value through other comprehensive income 
are recognised as non-current assets.

Investments in subsidiary companies are stated at 
cost less provision for any impairment in value.

108

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

109

ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

Trade payables 
Trade payables are not interest bearing and are 
stated at amortised cost.

items credited or charged directly to equity, in 
which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in 
equity.

Equity instruments
Equity instruments issued by the Company are 
recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct 
issue costs.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset 
when they relate to income taxes levied by the 
same taxation authority and the Group intends 
to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a 
net basis.

CURRENT AND DEFERRED TAX

SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS

The charge for current tax is based on the 
results for the year adjusted for items which are 
non-assessable or disallowed. It is calculated 
using rates that have been enacted or 
substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Deferred tax is accounted for using the balance 
sheet liability method in respect of temporary 
differences arising from differences between 
the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in 
the financial statements and the corresponding 
tax basis used in the computation of taxable 
profit. In principle, deferred tax liabilities are 
recognised for all taxable temporary differences 
and deferred tax assets are recognised to the 
extent that it is probable that taxable profits will 
be available against which deductible temporary 
differences can be recognised. Such assets and 
liabilities are not recognised if the temporary 
difference arises from goodwill or from the 
initial recognition (other than in a business 
combination) of other assets and liabilities in a 
transaction which affects neither the tax profit 
nor the accounting profit.

Deferred tax is calculated at the rates that are 
expected to apply when the asset or liability is 
settled. Deferred tax is charged or credited in 
the income statement, except when it relates to 

The Group issues equity-settled share-based 
payments to certain employees. Equity-settled 
share-based payments are measured at fair 
value (excluding the effect of non-market based 
vesting conditions) at the date of grant. The fair 
value determined at the grant date of the equity-
settled share-based payments is expensed on a 
straight-line basis over the vesting period, based 
on the Group’s estimate of shares or options that 
will eventually vest.

Fair value is measured using the Black Scholes-
Merton pricing model. The expected life used 
in the model has been adjusted, based on 
management’s best estimate, for the effects 
of non-transferability, exercise restrictions, and 
behavioural considerations.

REVENUE RECOGNITION

The Group’s revenue streams, other than rental 
income, are recognised in accordance with IFRS 
15 which was adopted from 1 January 2018. The 
Group applies IFRS 15 to each of its revenue 
streams analysing its nature, the timing of 
satisfaction of performance obligations and any 
significant payment terms. Full details of the 
Group’s application of IFRS 15 is provided in note 4.

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Revenue recognised in advance of invoicing is 
accounted for as contract receivables within 
trade and other receivables and is recognised at 
fair value through profit and loss.

Managed property
Development management fees are based on 
a fixed percentage of certain elements of the 
actual development cost and are recognised 
based on the actual development expenditure 
measured on a monthly basis. As these are 
recognised based on actual expenditure of 
the development the Directors assess that 
the risk of revenue reversal is negligible. 
Development management involves looking 
after developments in progress and is therefore 
considered to have continuous measurable 
performance obligations.

Investment advisory fees are based on a fixed 
percentage of an adjusted net asset value of The 
PRS REIT plc and have continuous performance 
obligations through the project period. These are 
defined in the investment advisory agreement 
but include managing the assets, seeking out, 
evaluating and recommending investment 
opportunities, ensuring management information 
is provided to the REIT board and regulatory 
information is provided to the AIFM. 

Fees in relation to administrative services 
provided are a fixed amount per annum. 
The agreement is to provide finance and 
administration services and is considered to have 
continuous performance obligations.

Owned PRS Property
The Group rents residential housing to individual 
tenants who are invoiced monthly in advance 
based on an agreed assured shorthold tenancy 
which lasts for a period of twelve months. Rental 
income is covered under IFRS 16.

DIVIDEND INCOME

Dividends are received from financial assets 
measured at fair value through profit or loss 
(“FVPL”) and at fair value through other 
comprehensive income (“FVOCI”). Dividends are 
recognised as other income in profit or loss when 
the right to receive payment is established. 

FINANCE COSTS AND INCOME

Finance costs comprise interest expense on 
borrowings and changes in the fair values of 
derivative liabilities. All borrowing costs are 
recognised in the profit or loss using the effective 
interest method, except to the extent that they 
are capitalised as being directly attributable to 
the acquisition, construction or production of an 
asset which necessarily takes a substantial period 
of time to be prepared for its intended use or sale.

Interest income is accrued by reference to the 
principal outstanding and the effective interest 
rate applicable.

RETIREMENT BENEFIT COSTS

The Group manages a defined contribution 
retirement benefit scheme. The amount 
charged to the income statement in respect 
of retirement benefit costs represents the 
contributions payable in the year. Differences 
between contributions payable in the year and 
contributions actually paid are shown as either 
prepayments or accruals in the statement of 
financial position.

110

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

111

 
 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

IMPAIRMENT

LEASES

IFRS 16 eliminates the classification of leases as 
either operating leases or finance leases for a 
lessee. Leases are ‘capitalised’ by recognising 
the present value of the lease payments and 
showing them either as lease assets (right-of-
use “ROU” assets) or together with property, 
plant and equipment. If lease payments are 
made over time, a company also recognises a 
financial liability representing its obligation to 
make future lease payments. IFRS 16 requires 
the straight-line operating lease expense be 
replaced with a depreciation charge for lease 
assets (included within operating costs) and an 
interest expense on lease liabilities (included 
within finance costs).

As a lessor
The Group leases residential property to 
individual qualifying tenants on assured short-
hold tenancies which are no longer than twelve 
months. The tenancy agreements do not contain 
any non-lease elements such as insurance or 
common area maintenance.

As a lessee
The Group leases office space in Manchester 
which expires in 2026, there was no material 
impact after applying IFRS 16 and therefore no 
adjustments have been made. The Group also 
leases low-value computer equipment which is 
exempt from reporting under IFRS 16, see note 28. 

At each statement of financial position date, 
the Group conducts an impairment review 
of the carrying amounts of its property and 
equipment and intangible assets with finite lives 
to determine whether there is any indication that 
those assets may have suffered an impairment 
loss. The recoverable amount of the asset is 
estimated in order to determine the extent of 
the impairment loss. Where it is not possible to 
estimate the recoverable amount of an individual 
asset, the Group estimates the recoverable 
amount of the cash-generating unit to which the 
asset belongs.

Goodwill arising on acquisition is allocated to 
cash-generating units. The recoverable amount 
of the cash-generating unit to which goodwill 
has been allocated is tested for impairment 
annually, or on such other occasions that events 
or changes in circumstances indicate that it 
might be impaired. If the recoverable amount of 
an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated 
to be less than its carrying amount, the 
carrying amount of the asset (cash-generating 
unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. 
Impairment losses are recognised as an expense 
immediately.

Where an impairment loss subsequently 
reverses, the carrying amount of the asset 
(cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised 
estimate of its recoverable amount, but so 
that the increased carrying amount does not 
exceed the carrying amount that would have 
been determined had no impairment loss been 
recognised for the asset (cash-generating unit) 
in prior years. Impairment losses relating to 
goodwill are not reversed.

112

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

113

NOTES TO  
THE FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS

114

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

1. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT 

Financial risk factors
The Group’s business activities are set out in 
the Strategic Report on pages 22 to 33. These 
activities expose the Group to a number of 
financial risks. The following describes the Group’s 
objectives, policies and processes for managing 
these risks and the methods used to measure 
them. The Group only operates in the UK and 
transacts in sterling. It is not therefore directly 
exposed to any foreign currency exchange risk.

Capital risk management
The Group’s objectives for managing capital are 
to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as 
a going concern in order to provide returns for 
shareholders, benefits for other stakeholders 
and to maintain an efficient capital structure 
to manage the cost of capital. The capital 
structure of the Group consists of cash and cash 

equivalents, equity and debt. The Group meets its 
objectives by aiming to achieve a steady growth 
by mitigating risk, which will generate regular 
and increasing returns to the shareholders. 
The Group also seeks to minimise the cost of 
capital and optimise its capital structure. At 30 
September 2020 the Group had short term debt 
of £43,079,000 (31 December 2019: £55,000). 
There were no changes in the Group’s approach 
to capital management during the period.

Financial instruments
The Group’s principal financial assets and 
liabilities are those that arise directly from its 
operations: trade and other receivables, trade and 
other payables and cash and cash equivalents. 
The Group’s other financial assets are its financial 
asset investments and its principal financial 
liabilities are loans, the main purpose of which is 
to finance the acquisition and development of the 
Group’s investment property portfolio.

Amortised cost

Fair value through  
profit or loss

Fair value through other 
comprehensive income

30 Sep
2020
£’000

31 Dec
2019
£’000

30 Sep
2020
£’000

31 Dec
2019
£’000

30 Sep
2020 
£’000

31 Dec
2019
£’000

Financial assets
Financial asset investments
Trade and other receivables
Cash and other cash equivalents
Total financial assets

Financial liabilities
Trade and other payables
Interest bearing loans
Total financial liabilities

-
4,023
25,769
29,792

3,844
43,079
46,923

-
5,936
16,827
22,763

6,565
19,543
26,108

2,170
-
-
2,170

2,384
-
-
2,384

2,375
-
-
2,375

2,816
-
-
2,816

-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-
-

115

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

Market Risk

Price risk
The Group is exposed to equity securities price 
risk because of equity investments held by 
the Group and classified on the consolidated 
statement of financial position either as financial 
assets held at fair value through profit and loss, 
financial assets held at fair value through other 
comprehensive income or trading investments 
held at fair value through profit or loss. At 30 
September 2020, 15% (2019: 14%) of the Group’s 
investments were in one venture fund and 76% 
(2019: 79%) represented an investment in quoted 
stock.

The venture fund invests in early stage 
companies which are by their nature of a higher 
risk than more mature trading companies. Risk 
is mitigated to a certain extent by the fact that 
the fund holds investments in several companies. 
At 30 September 2020, the fund held 6 
investments (2019: 6 investments). A third party 
manages the venture fund.

A net movement of 10% in the value of the 
venture fund holdings would give rise to a 
movement in the income statement of £69,000 
(2019: £75,000) whilst a net 10% movement in 
the value of the quoted stock would give rise 
to a movement in the income statement of 
£345,000 (2019: £410,000).

The Group’s financial assets held at fair value 
through the profit and loss account and held at 
fair value through other comprehensive income 
fall either within Level 1 or Level 3. The Group’s 
investment in quoted stock falls within Level 1 
and its value is readily available on The London 
Stock Exchange. The Group’s investments in 
a venture fund and unquoted stock fall with 
Level 3. The investment valuations are provided 
by the manager of the fund based on industry 
guidelines and reviewed quarterly by the Board. 
The valuations are based on market data related 
to multiples appropriate to the related industry 

and development stage of the investee. The 
significant unobservable inputs relate to this 
data.

The Group earns profit share in respect of 
property projects which are partly based on 
development values and are therefore exposed 
to price risk.

Fair values
IFRS 13 sets out a three-tier hierarchy for 
financial assets and liabilities valued at fair value. 
These are as follows:

Level 1 

 Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active 
markets for identical assets and 
liabilities;

Level 2 

 Inputs other than quoted prices 
included in Level 1 that are observable 
for the asset or liability, either directly 
or indirectly; and

Level 3 

 Unobservable inputs for the asset or 
liability.

Investment property falls within Level 3. The 
valuations are carried out by the Board of 
Directors. Gwynn Thomson RICS, Property 
Investment Director, is a chartered surveyor 
with over 25 years’ experience in residential and 
commercial property investments produces the 
valuations which are approved by the Board. 
The valuations are prepared in accordance 
with RICS Valuation Professional Standards 
2014 and are compliant with International 
Valuation Standards. These internal valuations 
are compared against independent valuations 
prepared for the Group’s funders by an 
external valuation specialist. Although not 
directly comparable, these provide an element 
of independent evidence to corroborate and 
provide comfort to the Board. The valuations 
include a number of unobservable inputs and 
other valuation assumptions.

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

The significant unobservable inputs and the range of values used are:

Type

Range

Investment yield

3.75% to 4.25%

Gross to net assumption

22.5% to 25.0%

The impact of changes to the significant unobservable inputs are:

2020
Income 
statement  
impact
£’000

2020
Statement 
of financial 
position impact
£’000

2019
Income 
statement  
impact 
£’000

2019
Statement 
of financial 
position impact
£’000

Improvement in yield by 0.125%

Worsening in yield by 0.125%

Improvement in gross to net by 1%

Worsening in gross to net by 1%

3,172

2,978

1,281

1,281

3,172

2,978

1,281

1,281

1,459

(1,359)

586

(576)

1,459

(1,359)

586

(576)

The above sensitivities are the average values 
in respect of all investment property fair valued 
at 30 September 2020 and include investment 
properties under construction. 

Interest rate risk
The impact of interest rate risk is on income and 
operating cash flow and arises from changes 
in market interest rates. The Group has limited 
interest rate risk in respect of the £0.3 million 
(2019: £0.4 million) loan that part funded the 
acquisition and refurbishment of its head office. 
The Group is also exposed to interest rate risk 

on its loan from Homes England which is utilised 
to fund property investment. At 30 September 
2020, the total loan outstanding was £42.7 million 
(2019: £19.2 million). A 1% movement in interest 
rates would result in a £0.4 million movement in 
interest payments per annum. 

From time to time, certain of the Group’s 
cash resources are placed on short term fixed 
deposit of up to one year to take advantage of 
preferential rates. Otherwise, cash resources are 
held in current, floating rate accounts. See note 
23 for details of loans.

116

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

117

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

Credit risk 
The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to 
its trade receivables and other current assets. 

During the year ended 30 September 2020, the 
Group’s cash and cash equivalents were held 
with Bank of Scotland plc, The Royal Bank of 
Scotland plc and Barclays Bank plc.

The concentration of credit risk from trade 
receivables and other current assets varies 
throughout the period depending on the timing 
of transactions and invoicing of fees.

Property rental income arises from the Group’s 
investment in PRS assets. Rental income is 
derived from multiple tenants across the Group’s 
portfolio. It is paid monthly in advance and 
both historically and currently the Group has 
suffered no bad debts. Under IFRS 9, the Group 
is required to consider historic, current and 
forward looking information when assessing 
whether to recognise any credit losses. 

Property project management fees historically 
arose from Sigma Inpartnership’s joint venture, 
CSL. The fees were agreed in advance and 
recognised as per the accounting policy on 
revenue recognition. Fees were payable on a 
monthly basis over the development period. 
Each project was subject to financial due 
diligence prior to commencement including a 
detailed appraisal. The project was reviewed 
regularly thereafter. As the fees were paid 
throughout the development period the risk 
is reduced. The Group is dealing with residual 
matters in respect of CSL and therefore does not 
expect any further property management fees 
to arise.

recognition. The profit share is payable once the 
project is complete and once other criteria have 
been fulfilled. Each project is subject to financial 
due diligence prior to commencement including 
a detailed investment appraisal. The project is 
reviewed regularly thereafter. The profit share 
is expensed in the joint venture before the 
calculation of the Group’s equity investment.

Carried interest arises from the Group’s PRS 
activities with Gatehouse and is calculated 
based on a valuation on a disposal of the 
related investment or from an agreed valuation. 
The Group’s PRS activities with Gatehouse 
were subject to financial due diligence prior to 
commencement including a detailed appraisal. 
The performance of the project is monitored 
on a monthly basis with updates on the level of 
carried interest calculated on a half yearly basis. 
Carried interest was recognised on a phased 
basis over the initial expected life of the project. 
The fair value of the carried interest falls within 
Level 3 of the three tier hierarchy and includes a 
number of unobservable inputs. The significant 
valuation items as at 30 September are:

Type

Investment yield

Gross to net assumption

Rental growth

Range

4.47%

22.5%

1.75%

The amount of carried interest recognised as 
at 30 September 2020 is £1,889,000 and is 
disclosed as a contract receivable, the payment 
of which is considered to be a credit risk. In 
January 2021 the investment portfolio was sold 
and as a result the carried interest has been 
finalised at a value of £2,900,000.

The profit share arising from Sigma 
Inpartnership’s joint venture, CSL, is recognised 
as per the accounting policy on revenue 

Revenue recognised in advance of the contracted 
right to invoice or receive payment is shown in 
accrued income. The amounts recognised will 

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

be paid during the development period, usually 
between one month and up to four years, but the 
underlying fundamentals of the projects are such 
that the credit risk represented by these amounts 
is deemed to be low.

Property project management fees are also earned 
by Sigma Inpartnership that arise from the work 
undertaken on the two regeneration partnerships 
with Liverpool City Council and Salford City 
Council. The Group is dealing with residual matters 
in respect of both of these partnerships and 
therefore does not expect any further property 
project management fees to arise.

Asset management fees are earned in respect of 
the Group’s PRS Joint Ventures with Gatehouse 
Bank plc and UK PRS Properties and are earned 
based on the number of residential units that 
have reached practical completion. The credit 
risk relates to the non-payment of fees. Asset 
management relating to the PRS Joint Venture 

with Gatehouse Bank plc will cease following the 
sale of the investment assets in January 2021.

Development fees earned in respect of the 
Group’s PRS activities with the PRS REIT are 
based on actual development spend in a month 
and are paid monthly in arrears. The credit risk 
relates to the non-payment of fees.

Investment advisory fees are based on an 
adjusted net asset value of the PRS REIT and are 
paid monthly in arrears. The credit risk relates to 
the non-payment of fees.

Other exposures of the Group are spread over 
a number of customers and counterparties with 
little concentration on any one entity. 

The concentration of credit risk arising from trade 
receivables and other current assets is analysed 
below:

Property management fees due to Sigma Inpartnership Ltd

Development and asset management fees due to Sigma Capital Property Ltd

Development management fees due to Sigma PRS Management Ltd

Investment advisory fees due to Sigma PRS Management Ltd

Other property management fees

Other receivables

Other prepayments

Other accrued income

Other contract receivables

9 Months to 
30 Sep
2020
£’000

Year ended  
31 Dec
2019
£’000

-
118
1,552
367
97
466
324
6,081
1,889
10,894

1,282
87
2,305
353
20
318
166
266
1,889
6,686

The maximum exposure to credit risk for trade receivables and other current assets is represented by 
their carrying amount. The development management fees and investment advisory fees due to Sigma 
PRS Management Ltd were all paid by the end of December 2020. 

118

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

119

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

Liquidity risk 

The Group seeks to manage liquidity risk to 
ensure sufficient liquidity is available to meet 
the requirements of the business and to invest 
cash assets safely and profitably. The Board 
regularly reviews available cash to ensure there 
are sufficient resources for working capital 
requirements. As at 30 September 2020 
the Group’s net current liabilities were £10.4 
million (31 December 2019: net current assets 
£14.0 million) and the Group had positive cash 
balances of £25.8m (2019: £16.8m).

The Group’s development facility with Homes 
England is due for repayment on the 30 
September 2021 and negotiations are underway 
for this to be renewed. However the Directors 
have assessed that it will have enough cash 
resources for this to be repaid by 30 September 
2021 if required.

The below summarises the maturities of the 
Group’s financial liabilities, excluding tax, as at 
30 September:

As at 30 September 2020

Trade and other payables

Loans

As at 31 December 2019

Trade and other payables

Loans

On demand
£’000

< 3
months
£’000

3 to 12
months 
£’000

1 to 5 years
£’000

> 5 years 
£’000

Total 
£’000

-

-

-

-

-

-

1,872

14

1,886

4,511

14

1,972

43,065

45,037

2,054

41

4,525

2,095

-

-

-

-

19,488

19,488

-

-

-

-

-

-

3,844

43,079

46,923

6,565

19,543

26,108

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Fair value of investment property
The Group believes that the most significant 
judgement area in the application of its 
accounting policies is in respect of the fair 
valuation of its investment property. The matters 
taken into account when assessing the fair 
value of investment property are detailed in the 
accounting policy on investment property. The 
key unobservable inputs used in the fair value 
assessment of investment property along with the 
impact as a result of a change to those inputs is 
disclosed on pages 116 and 117.

The Directors believe the following to be the key 
areas of estimation:

(i) 

    Fair value of unlisted investments
 The matters taken into account when 
assessing the fair value of the unlisted 
investments are detailed in the accounting 
policy on investments and in the assessment 
of Market Risk set out in note 1.

(ii)   Goodwill and impairment

 The recoverable amount of goodwill 
is determined based on value in use 
calculations of the cash-generating units 
to which it relates. Further detail on key 
assumptions, including growth rates, 
discount rates and the time period of these 
value in use calculations is given in note 14.

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING 
ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS 

Sources of estimation uncertainty
The preparation of the financial statements 
requires the Group to make estimates, 
judgements and assumptions that affect the 
reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenues 
and expenses and related disclosure of 
contingent assets and liabilities. The Directors 
base their estimates on historical experience and 
various other assumptions that they believe are 
reasonable under the circumstances, the results 
of which form the basis for making judgements 
about the carrying value of assets and liabilities 
that are not readily apparent from other sources. 
Actual results may differ from these estimates 
under different assumptions or conditions.

Critical accounting estimates and judgements
The preparation of financial statements in 
conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain 
critical accounting estimates and assumptions 
that affect the reported amounts of assets and 
liabilities at the date of the financial statements 
and the reported amounts of revenues and 
expenses during the reporting period.
Estimates and judgements are continually 
made and are based on historic experience and 
other factors, including expectations of future 
events that are believed to be reasonable in the 
circumstances.

As the use of estimates is inherent in financial 
reporting, actual results could differ from these 
estimates. The Directors believe the following to 
be the key area of judgement:

120

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

121

 
 
 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

3. SEGMENTAL INFORMATION – BUSINESS SEGMENTS 

At 30 September 2020 the Group has just one business activity, property. 

The Group had three significant customers in the period:

- 

- 

- 

 Thistle Limited Partnership: profit share earned in the £0.4 million (Year to 31 December 2019: £0.5 
million);

 UK PRS (Jersey) Properties I Limited: fees, £0.4 million (Year to 31 December 2019: £0.4 million); 
and 

 The PRS REIT: development and investment advisory fees, £6.8 million (Year to 31 December 2019: 
£12.5 million).

The revenue from services from the Group’s Owned PRS property for the period amounted to £0.3m 
(Year to 31 December 2019: £0.4m) of gross rental income. Rental operating costs attributable to the 
gross rental income for the period were £52,000 (Year to 31 December 2019: £69,000).

The Directors regard the Group’s reportable segments of business to be property (Regeneration, 
Managed and Owned PRS), venture capital and holding company activities. The business operates 
in a single region, the UK. Costs are allocated to the appropriate segment as they arise with central 
overheads apportioned on a reasonable basis. 

Segmental assets
Net assets of the Group’s Regeneration activities consists mainly of its investment in a joint venture 
and contract receivables in respect of property projects. The Group’s Owned PRS Property consists 
of Investment property measured at fair value. Venture Capital net assets represent an historic 
investment in one venture fund together with cash.

122

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

123

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

The segmental analysis for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020 is as follows:

The segmental analysis for the year ended 31 December 2019 is as follows:

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Regeneration
£’000

Managed 
Property 
£’000

Owned 
PRS 
Property 
£’000

Venture 
Capital 
£’000

Holding 
Company 
£’000

Intra group 
adjustments 
£’000

Revenue from services

-

7,664

288

-

-

Trading (loss)/profit

Unrealised gain 
on revaluation of 
investment property

Realised profit 
on revaluation of 
investment property

Unrealised loss 
on revaluation of 
investments held at 
fair value through 
profit and loss

Profit/(loss) from 
operations

Finance income

Finance costs

Dividend (paid)/
received

Profit distribution to 
partners

Share of associate

Profit before tax

(15)

1,992

230

(6)

(48)

-

-

-

-

-

843

415

-

-

(201)

-

(13)

-

-

-

(15)

1,791

1,488

(19)

(48)

2
-

-

-

2
(5)

5
(57)

(2,861)

-

-

-

3
-

-

-

7
-

3,000

-

(60)
(73)

-
(1,073)

-
1,436

-
(16)

-
2,959

-

-

-

-

-

-

-
-

-

-

-
-

Total 
£’000

7,952

2,153

843

415

(214)

3,197

19
(62)

139

-

(60)
3,233

Total assets

Total liabilities

Net assets/(liabilities)

10,592
(882)
9,710

22,987
(13,583)
9,404

76,855
(71,991)
4,864

2,183
(1,658)
525

38,360
(664)
37,696

(41,434)

109,543
40,375 (48,403)
61,140
(1,059)

Regeneration
£’000

Managed 
Property 
£’000

Owned 
PRS 
£’000

Venture 
Capital 
£’000

Holding 
Company 
£’000

Intra group 
adjustments 
£’000

Revenue from services

(55)

13,515

385

20

-

(183)

7,860

302

13

(140)

-

-

-

-

-

3,410

509

-

-

(13)

-

227

-

-

-

(183)

7,847

4,221

240

(140)

14
-

-

-

4
(9)

1
(164)

(2,315)

-

2,000

(2,000)

6
-

-

-

963
794

-
7,527

-
2,058

-
246

19
-

2,500

-

-
2,379

Trading (loss)/profit

Unrealised gain 
on revaluation of 
investment property

Realised profit 
on revaluation of 
investment property

Unrealised gain 
on revaluation of 
investments held at 
fair value through 
profit and loss

Profit/(loss) from 
operations

Finance income

Finance costs

Dividend (paid)/
received

Profit distribution to 
partners

Share of associate

Profit before tax

Total assets

Total liabilities

Net assets

10,080
(322)
9,758

23,733
(12,307)
11,426

56,592
(53,071)
3,521

2,205
(1,662)
543

36,635
(521)
36,114

(40,256)

88,989
39,350 (28,533)
(906) 60,456

Total 
£’000

13,865

7,852

3,410

509

214

11,985

44
(173)

185

-

963
13,004

-

-

-

-

-

-

-
-

-

-

-
-

Capital expenditure

Depreciation

-
-

138
20

-
-

-
-

17
15

-
-

155
35

Capital expenditure

Depreciation

-
-

15
20

-
-

-
-

1
10

-
-

16
30

124

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

125

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

4. REVENUE 

6. PROFIT ON DISPOSAL OF INVESTMENT PROPERTY 

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Nature of revenue streams
The following should be read in conjunction with the Group’s accounting policy as detailed in the 
accounting policies on pages 110 and 111:

Managed Property
The Group’s managed property segment is leading the way in the delivery of the residential family 
housing in the private rented sector market using its Sigma PRS platform for the delivery of homes 
across the regions of the United Kingdom.

Revenue 
stream

Nature, timing of satisfaction of performance 
obligations and significant payment terms

Accounting policy

Development 
Management 
Fees (Managed 
PRS)

The Group earns development management fees 
based on a fixed percentage of the development 
cost spent on a monthly basis and is deemed to have 
continuous performance obligations measured by site 
progress. Revenue is recognised on a monthly basis. 
Fees are payable either monthly or quarterly in arrears.

Revenue is recognised when 
the development expenditure 
has been incurred. The 
performance obligations are 
continuous throughout the 
development period.

Investment 
Advisory Fees

The Group earns investment advisory fees which are 
based on a monthly adjusted net asset value and are 
therefore recognised monthly and payable monthly in 
arrears. The performance obligations are considered 
to be continuous and include managing the assets, 
seeking out, evaluating and recommending investment 
opportunities and providing information to the PRS 
REIT Board and AIFM.

Administrative 
Services

The Group earns fees in relation to administrative 
services which are considered to be continuous 
performance obligations. The fees are earned monthly 
and are payable monthly in arrears 

Revenue is recognised once 
the service has been provided. 
The conditions of the contract 
dictate that the revenue 
should be recognised on a 
monthly basis.

Revenue is recognised once 
the service has been provided. 
The conditions of the contract 
dictate that the revenue 
should be recognised on a 
monthly basis.

5. COST OF SALES

9 months to 30 September 2020
£’000

Year ended 31 December 2019
£’000

Investment property is regarded as sold when the significant risks and returns have been transferred 
to the buyer. This is deemed to be on legal completion. In line with IAS 40, the Group fair values 
its investment properties and any adjustment is shown as an unrealised gain or loss in the income 
statement. During the period the Group disposed of investment properties based on independent 
market valuations crystallising a realised gain of £1.07m (Year to 31 December 2019: £2.08m) of which 
£0.6m was recognised as fair value uplift in prior years, see note 15.

7. EXPENSES BY NATURE

Expenses included in Administrative expenses are analysed below.

9 months to 30 
September 2020
£’000

Year ended 31 
December 2019 
£’000

Administrative expenses
Employee costs (salaries and national insurance)
Employers pension contributions
Share based payments
Other employee related costs*
Consultancy
Travel and entertainment
Depreciation
Operating lease rentals:
- plant and machinery
- land and buildings (net)
Other premises costs 
Audit services:

- fees payable to Company auditor for the audit of the parent 
company and consolidated accounts

- the audit of the Company’s subsidiaries
Non-audit services:
- tax services
- other accountancy services
Other legal, professional and financial costs**
Administration costs

3,747
120
67
172
76
77
35

12
40
135

59

61

54
-
1,020
72
5,747

3,518
199
77
385
162
366
30

21
38
152

40

50

40
14
748
104
5,944

127

PRS activities

52

69

*Includes non-recurring amount of £0.1 million in prior year. **Includes non-recurring amount of £0.4m in current period.

126

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

8. FINANCE INCOME

Interest income on short-term deposits and loans
Unwinding of discount

9. FINANCE COSTS

Other interest
Non-utilisation fees

10. DIVIDEND INCOME

9 months to 30 
September 2020 
£’000

Year ended  
31 December 2019
£’000

19
-
19

34
10
44

9 months to 30 
September 2020 
£’000

Year ended  
31 December 2019
£’000

46
16
62

9
164
173

9 months to 30 
September 2020 
£’000

Year ended  
31 December 2019
£’000

Dividends received from equity shares

139

185

The dividends received relate to the Group’s equity interest in The PRS REIT plc.

128

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

129

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

11. DIRECTORS AND EMPLOYEES

The average monthly number of employees, including executive Directors, employed by the Group 
during the period and prior year was:

The key management of the Group comprises the Sigma Capital Group plc Board Directors. The total 
remuneration for each Director is shown below. Amounts for 2020 represent remuneration from the 
date of appointment where applicable for the nine month period to 30 September 2020 with the 
comparable period being for the year ended 31 December 2019.

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Property
Administration

The aggregate remuneration was as follows:

Wages and salaries
Social security
Pension costs – defined contribution plans
Share based payment charge - equity settled

9 months to 30 
September 2020

Year ended  
31 December 2019

24
15
39

23
11
34

9 months to 30 
September 2020 
£’000

Year ended  
31 December 2019
£’000

3,325
422
120
67
3,934

3,228
382
199
77
3,886

Salary and fees Annual incentives Other payments

Total

Pension

2020
£’000

2019
£’000

2020
£’000

2019
£’000

2020
£’000

2019
£’000

2020
£’000

2019
£’000

2020
£’000

2019
£’000

Executive
GF Barnet
M McGill
M Briselden*
G Thomson
G Hogg**
D Sutherland 

Non-executive
I Sutcliffe
D Sigsworth
J McMahon 

450
205
47
162
-
77

49
75
60
1,125

525
-
192
200
135
100

-
85
70
1,307

225
-
5
25
-
-

-
-
-
255

*up to and including 30 March 2020
**up to 10 September 2019
***Includes £128,000 of compensation for loss of office.

-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

24
-
2
-
-
4

-
-
-
30

-
-
6
-
132***
5

699
205
54
187
-
81

525
-
198
200
267
105

-
-
-
143

49
75
60
1,410

-
85
70
1,450

23
-
5
16
-
3

-
-
-
47

58
-
19
20
14
4

-
-
-
115

During the period, GF Barnet was paid an annual incentive of £150k as a result of the financial 
performance of the Company in 2019 and an annual incentive of £75k after finalising a major new joint 
venture in London with EQT Real Estate. 

Two of the Directors, subject to certain performance conditions, may be entitled to a share of the 
total profit on disposal in relation to the Group’s self-funded PRS properties. During the period, the 
total carried interest realised in respect of the Directors was £71,000 (Year to 31 December 2019: 
£304,000). Further details are provided in the Directors Remuneration Report.

Certain Directors have been allocated a share of the carried interest in respect of the PRS joint 
ventures with Gatehouse and UK PRS properties. The carried interest recognised in the period was £nil 
(2019: £nil)

Details of the carried interest arrangements are contained in the Directors’ Remuneration Report.

130

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

131

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

12. TAXATION

9 months to  
30 September 2020 
£’000

Year ended  
31 December 2019
£’000

The Group’s deferred tax assets, other than those relating to short term timing differences, are not 
recognised as it is not sufficiently clear that losses will be capable of utilisation in future periods. The 
amounts set out below will be available for offset against future taxable profits. These are stated using a 
tax rate of 19% (2019: 19%) which was the rate substantively enacted at 30 September 2020. 

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Unrelieved management expenses and other losses
Unrelieved capital losses
Chargeable gains
Excess of depreciation over capital allowances

9 months to  
30 September 2020 
£’000

Year ended  
31 December 2019
£’000

406
-
-
1
407

407
138
-
1
546

UK corporation tax on profit for the period/year
Adjustments in respect of prior periods
Deferred tax – origination and reversal of timing differences
Tax on profit on ordinary activities

571
-
115
686

1,840
30
737
2,607

The corporation tax assessed for the period is higher than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK. 
The differences are explained below.

Profit before tax

3,234

13,004

9 months to  
30 September 2020 
£’000

Year ended  
31 December 2019
£’000

Profit before tax at the effective rate of corporation tax in 
the UK of:

19% (2019: 19%)
Effects of:
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes
Share of joint venture profit after tax
Capital allowances in excess of depreciation
Utilisation of losses

Prior year adjustment for gains on revalued properties not 
previously recognised in deferred tax

Effect of difference between standard and deferred tax 
rate

Adjustment in relation to change in deferred tax rate
Movement in deferred tax
Deferred tax in respect of share options
Adjustments in respect of prior periods
Other adjustments
Tax charge for the period/year

614

110
11
(22)
(138)

-

-

197
24
(105)
-
(5)
686

2,471

88
(183)
1
(136)

267

80

-

-
30
(11)
2,607

132

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

133
133

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

13. PROFIT PER SHARE

The calculation of the basic profit per share for the year ended 30 September 2020 and 31 December 
2019 is based on the profits attributable to the shareholders of the Group company divided by the 
weighted average number of shares in issue during the period.

Impairment 
Goodwill and other intangibles arising on consolidation represent the excess of cost of an acquisition over 
the fair value of the Group’s share of the net assets of the acquired subsidiary at the date of acquisition. 
The carrying amount of intangible assets, being the fair value of the contractual relationships, is allocated 
to the cash generation units (“CGUs”) as follows:

Profit attributable 
to shareholders
£000

Weighted average 
number of shares

Basic profit  
per share  
(pence)

Nine month period to September 2020

2,547

89,528,727

Year ended 31 December 2019

10,397

89,404,694

2.84

11.63

Diluted profit per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of ordinary shares in 
issue on the assumption of conversion of all potentially dilutive ordinary shares. The Company has only 
one category of potentially dilutive ordinary shares, those share options granted where the exercise price 
is less than the average price of the Company’s shares during the period/year. Diluted profit per share 
is calculated by dividing the same profit attributable to equity holders of the Company as above by the 
adjusted number of ordinary shares in issue during the nine month period ended 30 September 2020 of 
90,718,190 (Year ended 31 December 2019: 90,770,246). For the nine month period ended 30 September 
2020, the diluted earnings per share is 2.81 pence (Year ended 31 December 2019: 11.45 pence).

14. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Sigma Inpartnership

Goodwill
Intangible assets

The major assumption used in value in use calculations 
is as follows:
Pre-tax discount rate

30 September 2020 
£’000

31 December 2019
£’000

533
-

9%

533
-

9%

The Directors estimate discount rates using pre-tax rates that reflect current market assessment of the 
time value of money and the risk specific to the CGU. The pre-tax discount rate is based on a number of 
factors including the risk free rate in the UK and the inherent risk of the forecast income streams included 
in the Group’s cash flow projections.

The value in use cash flows are based upon management approved budgets for a period of one year 
and on specific assumptions and projections on a project by project basis for a further four years, using 
management’s detailed knowledge and expectations of the outcome of each project. Thereafter a 
conservative estimate of continuing cash flows is included assuming nil growth.

Cost
At 30 September 2020 and 31 December 2019
Amortisation and impairment
At 1 January 2019
Amortisation charge
At 31 December 2019
Amortisation charge
At 30 September 2020

Carrying value
At 30 September 2020
At 31 December 2019

Goodwill
£’000

Other intangibles 
£’000

Total  
£’000

The results of the value in use calculations for the CGU shows that Sigma Inpartnership exceeds its 
carrying amount in both the current and prior year. It would require an increase of over 100% in the 
discount rate for an impairment to be considered.

656

123
-
123
-
123

533

533

105

105
-
105
-
105

-

-

761

228
-
228
-
228

533

533

134

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

135

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

15. INVESTMENT PROPERTY

Group
30 September 
2020
£’000

Group
31 December 
2019
£’000

Company
30 September 
2020
£’000

Company
31 December 
2019 
£’000

Cost

At 1 January 

Additions during the period

Disposals during the year

At period end 

Fair value adjustment

At 1 January 

Revaluation during the year

Disposals during the year

At period end 

Net book value

At period end

50,316

23,039

(10,987)

62,368

3,485

1,258

(1,069)

3,674

21,972

61,229

(32,885)

50,316

1,649

3,919

(2,083)

3,485

66,042

53,801

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Investment property, including that which is being constructed for future use as investment property, 
is measured initially at cost including related transactions costs. After initial recognition, investment 
property is carried at fair value. The investment properties were valued by the Directors. The valuation 
basis of market value conforms to international valuation standards. The valuation is based on market 
evidence of investment yields, expected gross to net income rates and actual and expected rental 
values.

IFRS 13 sets out a three tier hierarchy for financial assets and liabilities valued at fair value. Investment 
property falls within Level 3. Further details can be found on pages 116 and 117.

Rental income from investment properties during the current period amounted to £288,000 (Year to 
31 December 2019: £385,000) and direct operating expenses during the current period were £52,000 
(Year to 31 December 2019: £69,000). 

136

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

137

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

16. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Freehold 
property
£’000

Leasehold 
improvements 
£’000

Fixtures 
and office 
equipment 
£’000

Computer 
equipment 
£’000

Motor
Vehicles 
£’000

Total 
£’000

Group

Cost or fair value

At 1 January 2019

Additions

Revaluation

Disposals

1,250

-

-

-

At 31 December 2019

1,250

Additions 

Revaluation

Disposals

-

-

-

At 30 September 2020

1,250

Depreciation

At 1 January 2019

Charge for the year

Disposals

At 31 December 2019

Charge for the year

Disposals

At 30 September 2020

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Net book value

At 30 September 2020

At 31 December 2019

1,250

1,250

44

-

-

-

44

17

-

-

61

23

9

-

32

15

-

47

14

12

47

7

-

-

54

6

-

-

60

31

12

-

43

7

-

50

10

11

31

9

-

-

40

28

-

-

68

21

9

-

30

9

-

39

28

10

-

-

-

-

-

104

-

-

1,372

16

-

-

1,388

155

-

-

104

1,543

-

-

-

-

4

-

4

75

30

-

105

35

-

140

100

-

1,402

1,283

Company

Cost

At 1 January 2019

Additions

Disposals

At 31 December 2019

Additions

Disposals

At 30 September 2020

Depreciation

At 1 January 2019

Charge for the year

Disposals

At 31 December 2019

Charge for the year

Disposals

At 30 September 2020

Net book value

At 30 September 2020

At 31 December 2019

Leasehold  
improvements
£’000

Fixtures 
and office 
equipment 
£’000

Total 
£’000

44

-

-

44

16

-

60

23

9

-

32

15

-

47

12

12

9

1

-

10

-

-

10

8

1

-

9

-

-

9

1

1

53

1

-

54

16

-

70

31

10

-

41

16

-

57

13

13

No depreciation has been charged in respect of the freehold property. The residual value of the 
freehold property approximates to its fair value and therefore depreciation is considered immaterial.

138

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

139

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

17. INVESTMENT IN SUBSIDIARIES AND PARTNERSHIPS 

At Period End

2,922

2,922

Company
30 September 2020
£’000

Company
31 December 2019
£’000

SUBSIDIARIES AND PARTNERSHIPS

The Company has investments in the following subsidiaries and partnerships as at 30 September 2020:

Company Name

Sigma Capital Property Ltd
Sigma Inpartnership Ltd
Strategic Property Asset Management Ltd
Strategic Investment Management Holdings Limited
Sigma Property Investment Limited
Sigma Property Partners Limited
Sigma General Partner Limited
Sigma FP General Partner Limited
Sigma Thistle Founder Partner LP
Sigma Thistle Phase II FP Limited Partnership
Sigma Thistle Phase II GP LLP
Sigma Thistle Phase II Limited
Sigma UK PRS GP Limited
Sigma Founder Partner Limited Partnership
Sigma PRS Developments Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Baytree) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Beam Park V&W) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Bury St Edmunds Parcel D) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Bury St Edmunds Parcel D II) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Carr Lane) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Cable Street) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Cable Street Phase 2) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Cable Street Phase 2 II) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Darlaston) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Darlaston Phase II) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Fresh Wharf) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Lock Lane) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Lock Lane II) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Lock Lane Parcel 2) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Lock Lane Parcel 2 II) Limited

Country of
Incorporation

%  
Holding

Principal  
Activity

Scotland
Scotland
Scotland
Scotland
Scotland
Scotland
Scotland
Scotland
England
Scotland
Scotland
Scotland
Jersey
Scotland
Scotland
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
68.25
75
100
100
100
100
100
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85

Property*
Property*
Property*
Property*
Dormant*
Property*
Property*
Property*
Property**
Property*
Property*
Property*
 Property***
Property*
Property*
Dormant**
Property**
Property**
Property**
Dormant**
Dormant**
Dormant**
Dormant**
Dormant**
Dormant**
Property**
Dormant**
Property**
Dormant**
Dormant**

140

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Company Name

Sigma PRS Investments (Newhall) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Newhall II) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Newton Le Willows) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Plough Hill Road) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Plough Hill Road II) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Romandby Shaw) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Romandby Shaw II) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Station Road) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Station Road II) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Sutherland School) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Whitworth Way) Limited
Sigma (Northern) Property Investments LP
Sigma (Northern) Founder Partner LP
Sigma (Northern) General Partner LLP
Sigma PRS Northern (Bertha Park) Limited
Sigma PRS GP Limited
Sigma PRS General Partner LLP
Sigma PRS Management Ltd
Sigma PRS Property Investments LP
Liverpool Inpartnership Limited
Solihull Inpartnership Limited
Salford Inpartnership Limited
Inpartnership (LP) Limited
City Spirit Regeneration Ltd
City Spirit Regeneration (Salford) Limited
Inpartnership CS Limited
Blackburn Inpartnership Limited
Sigma Technology Management Limited
Sigma Technology Investments Limited
Sigma Technology Founder Partners Limited
Liverpool Inpartnership 2007 Limited
SI Hotels (GP1) Limited
SI Hotels (GP2) Limited
SI Hotels Glasgow (GP1) Limited
SI Hotels Glasgow (GP2) Limited
SI No 7 (GP1) Limited
SI No 7 (GP2) Limited
SI (LP) Limited
The Sigma Foundation
Burrell Inpartnership

*Registered Office: 18 Alva Street, Edinburgh, EH2 4QG
**Registered Office: Floor 3, 1 St. Ann Street, Manchester, M2 7LR
***Registered Office: 44 Esplanade, St. Helier, Jersey, JE6 9WG

Country of
Incorporation

%  
Holding

Principal  
Activity

England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
Scotland
Scotland
Scotland
Scotland
Scotland
Scotland
England
England
England
England
Scotland
Scotland
England
England
England
Scotland
England
England
England
England
England
England
Scotland
Scotland
Scotland
Scotland
England
Scotland
Scotland

85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
50

Property**
Property**
Dormant**
Property**
Property**
Dormant**
 Dormant **
 Dormant **
 Dormant **
Dormant**
Dormant**
Property*
Property*
Property*
Dormant*
Property*
Property*
 Property**
Property**
Property**
Property**
Property*
Property*
Property**
Property**
Property**
Property*
Venture Capital**
Venture Capital**
Venture Capital**
Dormant**
Dormant**
Dormant**
Dormant*
Dormant*
Dormant*
Dormant*
Dormant**
Dormant**
Dormant*

141

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

17. INVESTMENT IN SUBSIDIARIES AND PARTNERSHIPS (CONTINUED)

18. INVESTMENT IN JOINT VENTURES

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

The following subsidiaries were sold during the year to The PRS REIT Holding Company Limited:

Sigma PRS Investments (Bury St Edmunds) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Bury St Edmunds II) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Lea Hall) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Lea Hall II) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Dawley Road) Limited
Sigma PRS Investments (Dawley Road II) Limited

**Registered Office: Floor 3, 1 St. Ann Street, Manchester, M2 7LR

Country of
Incorporation

%  
Holding

Principal  
Activity

England
England
England
England
England
England

85
85
85
85
85
85

Property**
Property**
Property**
Property**
Dormant**
Property**

The Company has guaranteed the liabilities of the following subsidiaries exempt from audit under 
Section 479A of the Companies Act 2006. The names and company registration numbers are below:

Company Name

Sigma Technology Founder Partners Limited
Sigma Technology Management Limited
Sigma Property Partners Limited
Salford Inpartnership Limited
Solihull Inpartnership Limited
Blackburn Inpartnership Limited
Inpartnership (LP) Limited
Inpartnership (CS) Limited
City Spirit Regeneration Limited 
City Spirit Regeneration (Salford) Limited
Burrell Inpartnership Limited

Company Registration 
Number

04080037
03289432
SC488231
SC220873
05094769
SC266115
SC260339
06529901
03278486
0491 1 1 1 1
SC287397

Group
30 September 
2020
£’000

Group
31 December 
2019
£’000

Company
30 September 
2020
£’000

Company
31 December 
2019 
£’000

At 1 January

Investment in new joint ventures

Share of (losses)/profits

Dividends received

At period end

Group share of net assets

4,657
37
(60)
(4,278)
356
356 

3,694
-
963
-
4,657
4,657

-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-

The investment in new joint ventures during the period relates to our initial investment in our new joint 
venture, London BTR Investments Limited in which the Group owns 5% of the ordinary share capital. 
London BTR Investments Limited is incorporated in the United Kingdom and its registered address is 
Floor 3, 1 St. Ann Street, Manchester M2 7LR. The account reference date is the 31 December. The joint 
venture is with EQT Real Estate and aims to deliver high quality, new-build homes for private rental in 
Greater London. 

The remaining share of net assets relates to the Group’s investment in Countryside Sigma Limited. 
Countryside Sigma Limited is incorporated in the United Kingdom and the Group owns 25.1% of the 
ordinary share capital. The accounting reference date of Countryside Sigma Limited is 30 September 
and its registered address is Countryside House, The Drive, Great Warley, Brentwood, Essex CM13 3AT. 
The unaudited results for the year to 30 September 2020 and the financial position as at that date have 
been equity accounted in these financial statements. The Group is contractually entitled to 50% of the 
profit expected and during the period, two dividends totalling £4.3m were received by the Group from 
Countryside Sigma. 

142

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

143

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

18. INVESTMENT IN JOINT VENTURES (CONTINUED)

20. FINANCIAL ASSET INVESTMENTS

The following is the summarised financial position of Countryside Sigma Limited:

FINANCIAL ASSET INVESTMENTS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT AND LOSS

As at 
30 September 2020
Unaudited
£’000

As at 
30 September 2019
Audited
£’000

Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Current assets

Current liabilities
Net assets

Revenue
Gross (loss)/profit
(Loss)/profit from operations
Net finance income/(costs)
(Loss)/profit before tax
Profit/(loss) after tax

-
294
344
638

-
638

-
(14)
(14)
4
(10)
19

The following is a reconciliation of the Group’s share of net assets as at 30 September:

Countryside Sigma Limited net assets as at 30 September
Groups share of net assets as at 30 September
Share of profit for the quarter ending 31 December 2019
Group share of net assets as at 30 September*

*Prior year share relates to 31 December 2019

19. FIXED ASSET INVESTMENTS

2020
£’000

638
319
-
319

-
309
17,834
18,143

(8,969)
9,174

20,536
2,768
2,747
(40)
2,708
2,195

2019 
£’000

9,174
4,587 
70
 4,657 

Group
30 September 2020 
£’000

Group
31 December 2019
£’000

Company
30 September 2020
£’000

Company
31 December 2019 
£’000

At 1 January
Additions
At Period End

2
-
2

2
-
2

-
-
-

-
-
-

This relates to the Group’s investment in UK PRS (Jersey) I Limited Partnership.

Group
30 September 
2020 
£’000

Group
31 December 
2019
£’000

Company
30 September 
2020
£’000

Company
31 December 
2019 
£’000

At 1 January

Additions

Distributions received

Fair value through profit and loss

At period end

2,384
-
-
(214)
2,170

2,187
-
(17)
214
2,384

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

The financial asset investments held at fair value through profit and loss are the Group’s holdings in 
venture capital funds, quoted securities and one unquoted security. The underlying investments in the 
funds are in unlisted start-up companies. The investments are valued by the manager of the fund on a 
basis consistent with industry guidelines, reviewed quarterly by the Board and amount to £0.7m (2019: 
£0.7m). The directly held quoted securities amount to £1.1 million (2019: £1.3 million) and relates to part  
of the Group’s holding of equity shares in The PRS REIT plc. The directly held unquoted security amounts 
to £0.4 million (2019: £0.3 million) and was also valued on a basis consistent with industry guidelines.

EQUITY INSTRUMENTS DESIGNATED AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH OTHER 
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Group
30 September 
2020 
£’000

Group
31 December 
2019
£’000

Company
30 September 
2020
£’000

Company
31 December 
2019 
£’000

At 1 January
Additions
Fair value through OCI
At period end

2,816
-
(441)
2,375

-
2,982
(166)
2,816

Total financial asset investments

4,545

5,200

-
-
-
-

-

-
-
-
-

-

The financial asset investments held at fair value through other comprehensive income are the 
remainder of the Group’s holding of equity shares in The PRS REIT plc purchased since 31 December 
2018 and reflect that the acquisition of the shares is a non-core activity of Group. As at 30 September 
2020, the Group’s holding of PRS REIT shares amounted to 4,389,852 (2019: 4,389,852) which 
represents a 0.89% (2019: 0.89%) holding in the PRS REIT.

144

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

145

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

20. FINANCIAL ASSET INVESTMENTS (CONTINUED)

21. TRADE RECEIVABLES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

The quoted securities fall within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy as defined by IFRS 13 whereas the funds 
and unquoted security fall within Level 3. The movement in the year and prior year of financial assets at 
fair value based on their hierarchy is as follows:

At 1 January 2019
Additions
Distributions received
Fair value through profit and loss
Fair value through OCI
At 31 December 2019
Additions
Distributions received
Fair value through profit and loss
Fair value through OCI
At 30 September 2020

Level 1
£’000

1,298
2,982
-
(13)
(166)
4,101
-
-
(201)
(441)
3,459

Level 2 
£’000

889
-
(17)
227
-
1,099
-
-
(13)
-
1,086

Total 
£’000

2,187
2,982
(17)
214
(166)
5,200
-
-
(214)
(441)
4,545

The total fair value adjustments made during the period relating to investments, both financial asset 
investments at fair value through profit and loss and trading investments, are set out below.

Group
30 September 
2020 
£’000

Group
31 December 
2019
£’000

Company
30 September 
2020
£’000

Company
31 December 
2019 
£’000

Financial asset investments at fair 
value through profit and loss:
- venture capital funds
- quoted securities
- unquoted securities

Financial asset investments at fair 
value through OCI:
- quoted securities

(59)
(201)
46
(214)

(441)
(441)

243
(13)
(16)
214

(166)
(166)

-
-
-
-

-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-

146

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Trade receivables
Amounts owed by other Group undertakings
Other receivables
Prepayments and accrued income
Contract receivables 

Contract receivables – non current
Current portion

Trade receivables 

Group
30 September 
2020 
£’000

Group
31 December 
2019
£’000

Company
30 September 
2020
£’000

Company
31 December 
2019 
£’000

2,134
-
466
6,405
1,889
10,894
-
10,894

4,047
-
318
432
1,889
6,686
(1,889)
4,797

-
30,882
17
47
-
30,946
-
30,946

-
30,506
26
31
-
30,563
-
30,563

Group
30 September 
2020 
£’000

Group
31 December 
2019
£’000

Company
30 September 
2020
£’000

Company
31 December 
2019 
£’000

Trade receivables not due
Trade receivables past due 1-30 days
Trade receivables past due 31-60 days
Trade receivables past due 61-90 days
Trade receivables past due over 90 days
Gross trade receivables at end of period/year

Provision for bad debt at 1 January 
Debt provisions reversed in the period/year
Provision for bad debt at end of period/year
Net trade receivables attend of period/year

1,243
-
531
-
360
2,134

-
-
-
2,134

4,043
-
-
-
4
4,047

-
-
-
4,047

-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

The Directors consider that the carrying amount 
of trade receivables approximates to their fair 
value. Debts provided for and written off are 
determined on an individual basis and included 
in Administrative expenses in the financial 
statements. All trade receivables past due at 
30 September 2020 were settled in full by 31 
December 2020. The Group’s maximum exposure 
on credit risk is fair value on trade receivables as 
presented above. The Group has no pledge as 
security on trade receivables.

The Group’s current contract receivables 
represents amounts not yet invoiced and includes 
fees of £1.9 million (2019: £1.9 million) in relation 

to the PRS joint venture with Gatehouse. In 
January 2021 the investment portfolio in relation 
to the PRS joint venture with Gatehouse was sold 
and therefore it is expected that the contract 
receivable will be realised during 2021. No fees 
(2019: £nil) were invoiced prior to the current 
period end. 

Recoverability of amounts owed by Group 
undertakings is reviewed regularly. The Group 
has assessed the estimated credit losses of these 
loans and given the effective interest rate of the 
loans is 0%, there would be an immaterial loss 
expected on these loans.

147

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

22. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

24. DEFERRED TAX LIABILITY

Group
30 September 
2020 
£’000

Group
31 December 
2019
£’000

Company
30 September 
2020
£’000

Company
31 December 
2019 
£’000

Trade payables
Other payables
Amounts owed to Group undertakings
Social security and other taxes
Accruals and deferred income

835
-
-
524
2,485
3,844

3,087
-
-
908
2,570
6,565

23
-
88
423
130
664

27
26
50
-
89
192

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade payables approximates to their fair value. 

23. INTEREST BEARING LOANS 

Group
30 September 
2020 
£’000

Group
31 December 
2019
£’000

Company
30 September 
2020
£’000

Company
31 December 
2019 
£’000

330
42,749
43,079

-
-
-

43,079

55
-
55

31 6
19 ,172
19,488

19,543

-
-

-
-
-

-

-
-

-
-
-

-

Current liabilities
Bank loans
Development facility

Non-current liabilities
Bank loans
Development facility

Total interest bearing loans and 
overdrafts

The bank loan part funded the acquisition and redevelopment of the Group’s head office in Edinburgh. 
The original value of the loan was £550,000 and is repayable in quarterly instalments with a final 
instalment in 2021. Interest is charged at commercial rates. The loan is held by Sigma Capital Property 
Ltd and is secured on the property. A cross guarantee is provided by the Company.

The development facility is utilised to fund the Group’s investment in private rented sector property. 
The total facility is £45 million and interest is charged at commercial rates. The facility is held by Sigma 
PRS Property Investments LP, a subsidiary of the Company, and is secured on a number of investment 
properties. A £10 million cross guarantee is provided by the Company.

Amounts due to be paid greater than one year

Group 
2020
£’000

1,673

Company 
2020
£’000

-

The movement in the period and prior year in the Group and Company net deferred tax 
liability position was as follows:

Opening position as at 1 January 2019
Charge to statement of comprehensive income for the year
At 31 December 2019
Charge to statement of comprehensive income for the period
Deferred tax charged directly to profit and loss reserves
At 30 September 2020

Group 
2020
£’000

716
737
1,453
115
(198)
1,370

Company 
2020
£’000

-
-
-

-

The deferred tax liability relates to the Group’s joint venture with Gatehouse Bank (£0.8 million) and 
property revaluations (£0.87 million) less expected deferred tax on share options (£0.3 million). A rate of 
19% (2019: 17%) was applied as at 30 September 2020, being the rate substantively enacted at that date. 

25. SHARE CAPITAL AND SHARE PREMIUM

GROUP AND COMPANY

Number of 
shares

Ordinary 
shares
£’000

Share 
premium
£’000

Opening balance as at 1 January 2020
Share options exercised during the period
Closing balance as at 30 September 2020

89,435,87 1
1 1 7,085
89,552,956

894
1
895

32,107
103
32,210

Total 
£’000

33,001
104
33,105

The total authorised number of ordinary shares is 130,000,000 (2019: 130,000,000) with a par value of 1p 
per share (2019: 1p). All issued shares are fully paid.

148

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

149

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

26. SHARE OPTIONS

The Company has two share option schemes for executive Directors and employees, the Sigma Capital 
Group plc Company Share Option Scheme 2010, which has received HM Revenue and Customs approval, 
and the Sigma Capital Group plc Unapproved Share Option Scheme 2010. All options are granted at the 
market value of the shares at the date of grant. Both share option schemes run for a period of ten years 
and have a vesting period of three years. All employees are eligible to participate in the schemes. No 
payment is required from option holders on the grant of an option. There were 2,261,000 options over 
ordinary shares granted during the period (2019: nil) of which 15,000 were exercised. No performance 
conditions or market conditions are attached to these options.

Movements in the number of share options outstanding and their related weighted average exercise 
prices were as follows:

2020 Weighted 
average exercise 
price in pence per 
share

77.4
83.8
(89.3)
-

Options
(‘000s)

4,690
2,260
(117)
-

79.3

6,833

2019 Weighted 
average exercise 
price in pence per 
share

77.7
-
(62.3)
(87.5)

77.4

Options
(‘000s)

5,062
-
(97)
(275)

4,690

At 1 January 2019 and 2018
Granted
Exercised
Expired / lapsed

At 30 September 2020 and  
31 December 2019

Of the 6,833,000 outstanding options (2019: 4,690,000), 4,422,000 had vested at 30 September 2020 
(31 December 2019: 3,215,000).

Share options outstanding at the end of the period have the following expiry date and exercise prices:

Expiry date

Exercise 
price pence per share

30 September 2020
Number

31 December 2019
Number

2021
2023
2024
2026
2027
2028
2030
2030

150

7.50
26.25
68.00
93.50
87.00
92.00
82.00
86.00

251,000
285,238
1,016,065
1,610,213
1,259,651
165,000
1,246,000
1,000,000

251,000
285,238
1,016,065
1,662,298
1,309,651
165,000
-
-

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

There were 2,261,000 options granted during the period (2019: nil) of which 15,000 were exercised. The 
weighted average fair value of options granted to executive Directors and employees during the period 
determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model was 17.8p per option. The significant inputs 
into the model were exercise price shown above, volatility of 30%, dividend yield of 0.9%, expected 
option life of 4 years and annual risk free interest rate of 0.12% and 0.03%. Future volatility was estimated 
based on historical data. 

27. OTHER RESERVES 

Capital redemption reserve 
This reserve was created on the buy-back of shares in the Company and their subsequent cancellation, 
being the nominal value of the shares cancelled. 

Merger reserve and Capital reserve
These were created on the merger of Sigma Technology Management Limited (“STM”) with the Company. 

The movement in reserves for the period ended 30 September 2020 and year ended 31 December 2019 
are set out in the Consolidated and Company Statements of Changes in Equity.

Revaluation reserve
This reserve was created when the property at 18 Alva Street, Edinburgh was revalued in 2018.

28. LEASES

The Group has a lease for its Manchester office which will end in early 2026. As at 30 September 2020, 
outstanding lease payments were £160,000. Due to the immaterial value of the Right of use asset and 
corresponding lease liability under the provisions of IFRS16, these have not been adjusted for in these 
accounts.

The Group has a short term lease for its London office which will end in October 2021. As at 30 
September, outstanding lease payments were £123,000. Due to the immaterial value of the Right of use 
asset and corresponding lease liability under the provisions of IFRS16, these have not been adjusted for 
in these accounts.

The Group also has certain leases of office equipment with low value. The Group applies the ‘short-term 
lease’ and ‘lease of low-value assets’ recognition exemptions for these leases.

The following are the amounts recognised in the income statement:

30 September 2020
£’000

31 December 2019
£’000

Expense relating to leases of low-value assets 
(included in Administrative expenses)

12

28

151

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

29. CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES

30. CAPITAL COMMITMENTS

Group
9 Months to  
30 September
2020 
£’000

Group
Year ended  
31 December
 2019
£’000

Company
9 Months to 
30 September
2020
£’000

Company
Year ended 
31 December
2019 
£’000

2,106

10,231

3,004

2,052

Total comprehensive income for the year
Adjustments for:
Share-based payments
Depreciation
Finance costs
Finance income
Dividends received

Fair value (gain)/loss on financial assets held  
at fair value through profit or loss

Share of associate loss/(profit)

Unrealised gain on revaluation of investment 
property

67
35
62
(19)
(139)

214

60

77
30
173
(44)
(185)

(214)

(963)

(843)

(3,410)

Realised gain on sale of investment property

(415)

(509)

Fair value loss on financial assets held at fair 
value through OCI

Deferred tax posted directly to reserves 
Changes in working capital:
Decrease/(increase) in trade and other receivables
(Decrease)/increase in trade and other payables
Cash flows from operating activities

441

198

645
(3,701)
(1,289)

166

-

(682)
3,371
8,041

69
16
-
(8)
(3,000)

77
10
-
(19)
(2,500)

-

-

-

-

-

198

(688)
142
(267)

-

-

-

-

-

-

(3,876)
340
(3,916)

The Group have entered into contracts with 
unrelated parties for the construction of residential 
housing with a total value of £49.4million (2019: 
£57.8 million). As at 30 September 2020, £10.7 
million (31 December 2019: £25.0 million) of such 
commitments remained outstanding. 

31. RELATED PARTY 
TRANSACTIONS 

Sigma holds a 25.1% shareholding in Countryside 
Sigma Limited. Fees invoiced in relation to 
development management services for the nine 
month period were £nil (Year to 31 December 2019: 
£1.3 million). At 30 September 2020, Sigma was 
owed £nil (2019: £1.3 million). The amount owed at 
31 December 2019 was subsequently paid in April 
2020. In addition, during the nine month period 
Sigma received dividends from Countryside Sigma 
totaling £4.3m (Year to 31 December 2019: £nil).

The Group has a 20.1% capital interest in Thistle 
Limited Partnership, its joint venture with 
Gatehouse. Profit share earned and paid during 
the nine month period were £0.4 million (Year to 31 
December 2019: £0.5 million).

The Group has a 20% interest in UK PRS (Jersey) 
I LP in respect of its joint venture with UK PRS 
Properties. Fees invoiced in relation to services 
for the nine month period were £0.4 million (Year 
to 31 December 2019: £0.4 million). At the period 
end, Sigma was owed £121,000 (31 December 2019: 
£4,000).

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Sigma owns 4,389,852 (31 December 2019: 
4,389,852) equity shares in The PRS REIT plc. 
Fees invoiced during the nine month period in 
relation to development management services, 
investment advisory services and administration 
fees amounted to £6.8 million (Year ended 31 
December 2019: £12.5 million). As at 30 September 
2020, Sigma was owed £1.7 million (31 December 
2019: £2.2 million). In addition, Sigma sold its 
investments in 3 subsidiaries to The PRS REIT 
plc for a total value of £12.2 million (Year ended 
31 December 2019: sold its investments in 5 
subsidiaries for a total value of £35.3 million). An 
amount of £5.9m was outstanding at the end of 
the period and subsequently paid in the first week 
of October 2020 (31 December 2019: £nil).

Certain Directors have been allocated a share 
of the carried interest in respect of the PRS 
joint ventures with Gatehouse and with UK 
PRS properties. In addition, subject to certain 
performance conditions, four of the Directors 
may be entitled to a share of the total profit 
on disposal in relation to the Group’s self-
funded PRS properties. Details of the carried 
interest arrangements and the carried interest 
crystallised to date are contained in the Directors’ 
Remuneration Report.

152

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

153

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

32. POST BALANCE SHEET EVENTS 

• 

Due to the on-going coronavirus pandemic 
including further national lockdowns we have 
considered this as a post balance sheet event.

CORONAVIRUS AND GOING 
CONCERN

This going concern review begins with a summary 
of the risks that coronavirus poses to the 
Company together with actions we have already 
taken and continue to take to ensure that not only 
does the business weather the storm, but will be 
also well placed to emerge from the crisis in a 
position of financial strength.

Countries around the world have been hit by 
coronavirus. The virus has spread on a global 
basis and is designated a “pandemic”. Despite 
significant mitigating action including self-isolation 
for people suspected of having the virus, and a 
combination of an effective lockdown through 
social distancing for all but essential workers and 
the imposition of varying degrees of restrictions 
on social interaction across the country, the 
impact of the virus has been significant in terms 
of extent and timing. This represents a material 
risk to house building and letting activity together 
with the operations of the Company as a whole.

Coronavirus has impacted the Group in the 
following areas:

• 

• 

 Company staff operating from home or 
otherwise unable to work or absent from work; 

 House builders unable to continue with 
construction work on sites or forced to reduce 
or suspend construction work on sites due to 
a combination of the effective lockdown and 
restrictions or as staff are unable to work or are 
absent from work;

 Letting agents unable to progress activities in 
respect of lettings, repairs and maintenance or 
only able to operate a limited service due to 
a combination of the effective lockdown and 
restrictions or as staff are unable to work or are 
absent from work;

 Income reduction and doubtful debts as some 
tenants struggle to maintain rental payments 
resulting from a loss of income due to a 
combination of the effective lockdown and 
restrictions or as individuals are without work, 
unable to work or are absent from work; 

 Disruption to the supply chain as raw materials 
and construction products are not produced or 
imported as workers are unable to work or are 
absent from work; 

 General disruption to employees, house 
builders, letting agents and the supply chain 
due to restrictions on the movement of goods 
and people; 

 Impact of the virus on the economy and 
market sentiment; and

 Further waves of the coronavirus and potential 
for further national lockdowns or significant 
localised restrictions on social interaction. 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

The absence of Company staff from the office 
workplace has been mitigated by remote working 
from home. We have adapted our technology to 
facilitate remote working throughout the business 
in order to keep our operations and projects as 
on track as practically possible during coronavirus 
pandemic. The Company has not furloughed staff 
or made use of any of the Government schemes 
providing support to companies or individuals in 
financial difficulty during or because of the crisis. 
Sigma’s intention is still to keep all employees 
actively working as far as possible and to maintain 
contractual terms and conditions throughout.

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

A greater issue has been in relation to house 
building and letting activity where the effective 
lockdown ceased construction activity in the 
short term from the end of March up until May 
when lockdown restrictions began to ease. Even 
then, construction activity only began to resume 
comprehensively in June and has subsequently 
been adjusted to reflect continuing requirements 
for social distancing and guidance around public 
transport meaning that construction levels have 
not fully returned to pre-lockdown levels. A 
further complication has been the introduction of 
varying degrees of localised lockdown restrictions 
in response to outbreaks of coronavirus in 
particular areas.

Importantly, the Company’s contractual obligations 
only provide for payment to house builders in 
respect of work undertaken and independently 
certified. The absence of construction activity 
thereby negates development expenditure thus 
mitigating cash outflows. 

In relation to income and bad debts, the Company 
carefully vets prospective tenants and typically 
obtains rent insurance for at least the first year 
of new lettings where there is limited covenant 
history or if the employment sector is considered 
to be at greater risk. To date, coronavirus related 
arrears have been managed by agreeing payment 
plans with tenants encountering difficulties. 
The insurer has been notified of this in order to 
preserve rights of claim but policies ultimately pay 
out in the event that arrears are not recovered 
through payment plans. This, together with the 
geographic spread of multiple sites will help 
mitigate against the inevitable bad debts. 

Preserving the employment of staff, rather than 
furloughing, also enables Sigma to work with 
letting agents as we proactively assist and support 
those tenants encountering difficulty during the 
crisis in a responsible and reasonable manner. The 
adaptation of our technology has meant that this 
important tenant interaction and engagement has 
continued through a variety of telephone, e-mail 
and social media.

In terms of supply chain disruption, significant 
efforts and contingencies had already been put 
in place in respect of Brexit through securing 
additional inventory of supplies, including timber. 
In addition, all of our suppliers have worked quickly 
to adapt to new ways of working in accordance 
with government guidelines to enable all areas of 
the business to continue, although at a slower rate 
than before.

The coronavirus has had a major impact on the 
economy and market sentiment. During August, 
announcements indicated that the UK has 
technically entered a severe recession as a result of 
two successive quarters of negative GDP growth. 
The Bank of England has recently signalled that 
another technical recession is likely following the 
most recent round of restrictions. However, there 
is a structural under supply of new family homes in 
the UK and indications suggest that the pandemic 
and recession may have increased demand for the 
Group’s high quality but affordable product across 
multiple regions.

There is a risk of reduced property valuations due 
to changes in rental levels, bad and doubtful debt 
risk and sector attractiveness impacting yields. 
Having experienced the first lockdown, the Group 
and Company has a good understanding of how to 
react quickly to adapt to further lockdowns. New 
systems are in place, which enable the Company 
to better support tenants e.g. with online repairs 
and maintenance assistance. It presently appears 
that varying degrees of lockdown measures look 
likely to continue pending broad vaccination 
coverage. Given the geographic spread of sites 
and reflecting government’s desire to maintain 
as much economic activity as is reasonably 
possible, the Group is likely to be able to continue 
construction and lettings activity, particularly 
in those regions unaffected by restrictions. As 
mentioned above, cessation of construction work 
on development sites would reduce short-term 
cash outflows although practical completion and 
lettings schedules would be delayed.

154

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

155

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

32. POST BALANCE SHEET EVENTS 
(CONTINUED) 

There remains the risk of further waves of 
coronavirus unless and until the wider vaccination 
programme is implemented, and greater 
potential for further national and local lockdowns 
or restrictions. Having experienced the initial 
lockdowns, the Group and Company have a good 
understanding of how to react quickly to adapt to 
additional lockdowns. 

- 

- 

- 

CORONAVIRUS STRESS TESTS

In light of the above, the Company has performed 
a prudent financial stress test geared towards 
ensuring that it has sufficient cash resources to 
weather the pandemic and subsequently emerge 
in a strong enough condition to continue to 
implement the focused build to rent strategy. The 
stress test incorporated the following sensitivities:

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

 A starting point of £25.8 million of cash 
balances with no associated borrowings;

 Cessation of construction activities for a 
period of 3 months from the end of December 
2020 albeit currently construction is 
continuing on all sites;

 For investment property developed by Sigma 
a delay of 3 months to current expected 
forecast sale date;

 Development fees generated from construction 
activities in The PRS REIT plc modelled as not 
being earned during the 3 month period of the 
cessation of construction activities;

 Reduction of rental income on properties 
owned by Sigma by 20% with no subsequent 
recovery therefore reflecting potential on 
going coronavirus issues;

 Inclusion of only contracted revenue and does 
not include any additional revenue from any 
new potential sources;

 Continuation of employment costs as 
currently contracted without any reduction 
for cost saving initiatives, mitigating action 
or contribution from any Government backed 
furlough scheme;

 Maintenance of the Company’s overhead base 
of c.£7million per annum without reduction 
from cost saving initiatives or mitigating 
action; and

- 

 Prudent assumptions in relation to tax liabilities 
and the timing of payment in respect thereof.

In addition, the Group’s limited recourse 
development facility of £45m with Homes 
England is due for repayment on 30 September 
2021. We are currently in discussions with Homes 
England regarding this and based on our long 
standing relationship and strong partnership with 
Homes England, reasonably expect the facility 
to be renewed. The relationship is reflected not 
just in the provision of the development facility 
to Sigma Group but also in the role of Homes 
England as a cornerstone investor in the PRS 
REIT and lender to the Company’s joint venture 
in London with EQT. However, for going concern 
purposes the Company has assessed that in 
the highly unlikely event that the facility is not 
renewed, it will have enough cash resources, after 
the agreed sale of its London assets to its joint 
venture with EQT Real Estate, for the facility to be 
repaid if required.

CONCLUSION OF CORONAVIRUS 
STRESS TESTS

The conclusion of our stress test is that the 
business has more than adequate cash resources 
to sustain an extended cessation of construction 

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

and disruption to letting activity lasting at least 12 
months with estimated funding resources of more 
than £24 million remaining and being maintained 
even after this time. Without any income or cost 
saving measures whatsoever, which is neither 
commercial or realistic, this would represent more 
than three years’ worth of total overheads for the 
business.

Therefore, the Directors believe the Group is well 
placed to manage its business risks successfully 
and the Directors have a reasonable expectation 
that the Group will have adequate resources 
to continue in operational existence for the 
foreseeable future and for a period of at least 
12 months from the date of the approval of the 
Group’s consolidated financial statements for 
the period ended 30 September 2020. The 
Board is therefore of the opinion that the going 
concern basis adopted in the preparation of the 
consolidated financial statements for the period 
ended 30 September 2020 is appropriate.

Overall, coronavirus remains a real and existing 
risk which requires careful monitoring and a 
management in conjunction with our house 
building partners and Letting Agents in order 
to mitigate the likely issues as much as possible 
pending the restoration of a more normal working 
and living environment. As one would expect the 
Company will continue to objectively review and 
assess the impact of the coronavirus outbreak 
and government response on both its strategy 
and focus of activities. Importantly, however, the 
pandemic will ultimately pass and the Company is 
well placed to thrive thereafter.

NON-CURRENT ASSET REVIEW

As a result of the coronavirus pandemic the Group 
has carried out a review of its non-current assets 
as at 30 September 2020 highlighting possible 
post-balance sheet movements that may result 
from the emerging crisis.

Investment property
The Group develops and invests in residential 
property where the underlying fundamentals 
of market dynamics remain strong and there is 
significant under supply. Specifically, the Group 
invests in family homes for the PRS market and the 
valuation of these assets conforms to international 
valuation standards based on market evidence of 
investment yields, expected gross to net income 
deductions, and actual and expected rental values. 
There are likely to be two short-term impacts in 
respect of the recoverability of rental income as 
some tenants inevitably encounter difficulties 
and void rates as the practicalities of the effective 
lockdown to combat coronavirus prevents lettings 
from being completed. However, the valuation 
principles remain strong and therefore there it 
is not considered to be a material impact on 
valuation as at 30 September 2020.

Venture Capital
The Group holds an investment in a venture capital 
fund where the underlying investments in the 
funds are in six unlisted start-up companies. The 
full impact of coronavirus on these companies is 
presently unknown but after a fall in their value at 
the start of the pandemic there has been some 
recovery as at 30 September 2020. Any further 
potential impact on the Group is small with a 25% 
reduction in value equating to £0.17m and is not 
therefore considered to be material.

Unquoted security
The Group holds an investment in one unquoted 
security. The full impact of coronavirus on this 
investment is unknown although has not yet been 
impacted in the period to 30 September 2020. The 
potential impact on the Group is small with a 25% 
reduction in value equating to £0.1m and is not 
therefore considered to be material.

156

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

157

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

for the nine month period ended 30 September 2020

32. POST BALANCE SHEET EVENTS 
(CONTINUED) 

Quoted security
The Group’s quoted security relates to its 
investment in the PRS REIT plc. As at 30 
September 2020 the Group held 4,389,852 
shares at price of 78.8p. As at 19 January 
2021 the bid price of the shares was 
84.2p representing an increase in value of 
approximately £237k. On 5 October 2020 the 
PRS REIT announced its audited annual accounts 
for the year to 30 June 2020 and reported a Net 
Asset Value of 95.1p per share.

Investment in joint venture
The Group’s investment in its one joint venture, 
Countryside Sigma, completed its final project 
in 2019 and is now dealing with residual matters 
before distributing the cash and profit generated 
to the shareholders. In the period to September 
2020, two interim dividends totaling £4.3million 
were received.

Property and equipment
The head office building in Edinburgh is owned 
by the Group and was valued as at 31 December 
2018. It does not anticipate a decrease in value of 
its property as a result of coronavirus.

Gatehouse Bank plc
The Group’s venture with Gatehouse Bank, which 
launched in November 2014 and completed 
in March 2017, was sold to Goldman Sachs 
Merchant Banking Division and Pitmore for a total 
consideration of c.£150 million in January 2021.

The transaction marks the first significant sale in 
the UK of a portfolio of new-build, single-family 
suburban PRS houses, and provides market 
evidence for the current and future valuation of 
the Company’s assets, both on its balance sheet 
and managed for external parties.

The transaction also results in the successful 
realisation of Sigma’s beneficial interest in the 
portfolio. After completion, Sigma will receive 
a total cash payment of £2.9m. The £2.9m 
represents Sigma’s share of total sale profits 
after certain hurdles and stands at more than 
50% above the book value of £1.9m as at 30 
September 2020. The amount receivable of 
£1.9m as at 30 September 2020 was previously 
classified as a non-current asset. As outlined the 
Group does not anticipate a decrease in value as a 
result of coronavirus.

FIVE YEAR RECORD

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

Nine month 
period to  
30 September 
2020
£’000

7,952

(52)

7,900

2019
£’000

13,865

(69)

13,796

2018 
£’000

12,477

(67)

12,410

2017
£’000

4,437

(103)

4,334

2016 
£’000

5,383

(460)

4,923

Revenue

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Other operating income

Administrative and other 
expenses

1,044

4,133

3,513

3,050

2,040

(5,747)

(5,944)

(5,719)

(4,268)

(3,598)

Profit from operations

3,197

11,985

10,204

3,116

3,365

Net finance income

Share of (loss)/profit from 
joint ventures

Exceptional item

Profit before tax

Taxation

Profit for the year

Other comprehensive (loss) 
/ income

Total comprehensive 
income for the year

Attributable to:

Equity holders of the 
Company

96

(60)

-

3,233

(686)

2,547

(441)

56

963

-

13,004

(2,607)

10,397

(166)

27

1,950

-

12,181

(906)

11,275

186

89

852

-

4,057

(378)

3,679

-

290

443

(428)

3,670

(105)

3,565

-

2,106

10,231

11,461

3,679

3.565

2,106

2,106

10,231

10,231

11,461

11,461

3,679

3,679

3,565

3,565

Net assets employed

61,140

60,456

51,876

40,035

36,087

Basic earnings per ordinary 
share (pence)

2.84

11.63

12.65

4.15

4.02

158

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

159

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

160

 SIGMA CAPITAL GROUP PLC 
ANNUAL REPORT & FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020

161

EDINBURGH
(Head Office) 
18 Alva Street
Edinburgh EH2 4QG

0333 999 9926
www.sigmacapital.co.uk

MANCHESTER
Floor 3, 1 St Ann Street
Manchester M2 7LR

LONDON
(postal only) 
8 Harley Place
London W1G 8QE