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Societatea Energetica Electrica S.A

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FY2022 Annual Report · Societatea Energetica Electrica S.A
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ANNUAL REPORT

ELECTRICA S.A. - ANNUAL REPORT 2022

ELECTRICA S.A. - ANNUAL REPORT 2022

SUMMARY

6

8

Message from the Chairman
of the Boards of Directors

Message from the
Chief Executive Officer

267

323

2022 Separate Financial 
Statements

Independent Auditor’s 
Report on The Separate 
Financial Statements

329

399

2022 Consolidated Financial 
Statements (OMFP 
2844/2016)

Independent Auditor’s 
Report on the 2022 
Consolidated Financial 
Statements (OMFP 
2844/2016)

407

477

2022 Consolidated Financial 
Statements (IFRS-EU)

Independent Auditor’s 
Report on the 2022 
Consolidated Financial 
Statements (IFRS-EU)

11

263

2022 Directors’ Report

Explanations Regarding  
the Differences between 
Consolidated Financial 
Statements OMFP 
2844/2016 vs IFRS-EU

485

Statement  
of the Management

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Message from the Chairman 
of the Board of Directors

6

it 

that 

Looking  back  on  the  year  2022,  it  is 
obvious 
represented  another 
chapter  marked  by  unexpected  elements 
and  challenges  at  company,  industry  and 
even  at  country 
level.  Certainly,  the 
geopolitical  context  at  the  border  with 
Ukraine, together with repeated legislative 
adjustments  and  the  end  of  a  pandemic, 
quickly 
company’s 
evolution,  so  we  were  faced  again  with 
exceptional  situations,  where  we  had  to 
manage  the  company’s  strategy  and  its 
resources as efficiently as possible.

influenced 

the 

Undoubtedly, the last few years have been 
marked  by  important  transformations  in 
the  energy  industry,  both  legislative  and 
conceptual,  and  in  this  regard,  Electrica’s 
Board  of  Directors  and  the  management 
team  have  worked  together  and  have 
constantly  sought  to  generate  solutions 
and  create  a  balance  between  long-term 
strategic  objectives  and  specific  short-
term  or  operational  needs,  generated  by 
the context in which we operated.

The  measures  implemented  in  order  to 
streamline the core activities, reduce costs 
and optimize investments have led to very 
good financial results, in fact the best since 
the  IPO,  both  in  terms  of  total  revenues 
(RON 10 billion), EBITDA (RON 1.36 billion) 
and  net  profit  (RON  559  million),  mainly 
due to the regulation of the capitalization 
of certain cost categories in the distribution 
segment,  but  also  to  the  performance  of 
the supply segment.

Furthermore, we have managed to take a 
new  step  in  our  target  to  expand  our 
activity across the borders of the country 
and,  in  addition  to  the  opening  of  the 
branch in the Republic of Moldova in 2020, 
in  2022  we  have  obtained  a  license  from 
the  Hungarian  Energy  and  Public  Utility 
Regulatory Authority that will allow us to 
trade electricity on the wholesale market. 

Therefore,  from  our  perspective,  the  year 
2022 was a new opportunity to show the 
solidity  and  the  high  degree  of  resilience 
of Electrica Group, as well as the essential 
role it plays in the Romanian economy. All 
this would not have been possible without 
a strong and dedicated team. That is why I 
would  like,  on  behalf  of  myself  and  my 
colleagues  in  the  Board  of  Directors,  to 
thank  all  the  Group’s  employees,  who  we 
know  have  made  sustained  efforts  to 
effectively  overcome  the  challenges  and 
achieve the set objectives.

We hope that 2023 will be a year in which 
the focus will be on developing production 
capacities.

We will definitely still need to demonstrate 
in  the  future  that  we  are  capable  of 
adapting to the continuous changes in the 
energy  market,  which  may  come  with 
challenges difficult to anticipate, especially 
due  to  the  legislative  changes.  At  Group 
level,  we  have  set  a  series  of  objectives 
and  a  way  of  operating  that  respond  to 
the significant changes in the market and 
to the needs of our customers, and at the 
same  time  ensure  the  growth  of  the 
company.  We  are  confident  that  we  will 
continue  the  sustainable  development  of 
the business and that we will generate, as 
our 
before, 
shareholders, 
customers, 
partners and employees.

stable  prospects 

investors, 

for 

Iulian Cristian Bosoanca, 

Chairman of the Board of Directors 
Electrica

7

Message from the CEO

8

At  both  national  and  international  level, 
2022 has brought a new set of challenges 
for the entire energy market, and beyond. 
Despite  the  challenging  environment  in 
which  we  operated,  the  financial  perfor-
mance  achieved  by  the  Electrica  Group, 
the  best  in  the  8  years  since  the  listing, 
once  again  demonstrates  that  we  are  a 
solid,  stable,  and  perhaps  more  impor-
tantly than ever, responsible business. 

This  is  the  result  of  a  continuous  process 
of optimization and adaptation to market 
developments,  and  I  thank  colleagues, 
customers,  investors  and  partners,  who 
supported  these  efforts,  as  well  as  the 
Board of Directors, who trusted the mea-
sures proposed by the management team. 
Together,  we  have  managed  to  increase 
the capacity of the Group’s companies to 
optimize  their  operations,  to  undertake 
the  planned  investments  and  to  improve 
the services offered. Clearly, the process is 
a  complex,  long-term  one,  and  will  conti-
nue in line with market requirements, while 
pursuing  both  the  interest  of  our  clients 
and that of our shareholders. 

As always, we have been and will continue 
to  be  dedicated  to  maintaining  this  ba-
lance  between  creating  value  for  our 
clients  and  maximizing  profits  for  our 
shareholders,  while  consolidating  our  po-
sition  in  the  market  and  expanding  into 
complementary  segments.  All  this,  within 
a  culture  of  ethics, 
integrity,  and 
sustainability. 

At  Group  level,  we  have  already  imple-
mented  a  series  of  ESG  policies,  and  we 
consider  the  difference  from  the  optimal 
standards to be low. In addition to existing 
initiatives,  we  intend  to  align  our  strate-
gies,  policies  and  current  activities  with 
the paradigm assumed at the level of the 
European Union, so that we can contribute 
to the common effort to reduce the effects 
of climate change and social inequalities. 

Corporate  governance  and  investor  rela-
tions remain at the forefront for us, seeking 
continuous  improvement  and  implemen-
tation  of  the  best  practices  in  the  field. 
Therefore,  for  the  second  consecutive 
year, Electrica was among the companies 
that received a score of 10 in the VEKTOR 
evaluation, the investor communication in-
dicator for listed companies. 

Last year, Electrica ranked 7th in the top of 
the  most  valuable  Romanian  brands.  This 
is  the  highest  position  achieved  so  far  in 
this  ranking,  with  an  estimated  market 
value of 203 million euros, representing a 

24.5% increase compared to the previous 
year. 

In  this  context,  we  are  confident  that  we 
are rapidly moving towards meeting all the 
criteria for the inclusion in the internatio-
nal  FTSE  Russell  indices,  having  already 
successfully  achieved  many  of  them.  This 
is an ambition that will allow us to attract 
new  investors  and  consolidate  our  posi-
tion in the capital market. 

Going  forward,  we  will  continue  to  adapt 
our activities and strategy to market con-
ditions,  relying  on  sustainable  growth  of 
Group companies, so as to ensure financial 
stability and efficiency across all portfolio 
business lines. Regarding our future plans, 
we will continue to develop the pro duction 
segment, especially from renewable sour-
ces,  all  the  more  so  given  the  challenges 
arising internationally in the supply chain. 
We are already working on a new medium 
and  long-term  strategy  at  Group  level, 
with the common thread being the adap-
tation  of  the  business  to  the  complex 
ecosystem in which we operate. 

Certainly, 2023 will also have its own cha-
llenges,  but  we  remain  firmly  committed 
to taking all necessary measures to bring 
added  value  to  our  stakeholders,  conti-
nuing  to  focus  on  achieving  sustainable 
performance.  We  will  ensure  that  the 
Electrica  Group  maintains  the  flexibility 
and  agility  necessary  to  quickly  adapt  to 
any  market  changes  and  to  address  new 
business opportunities. 

Alexandru Aurelian Chirita, 

CEO Electrica 

9

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 
FOR THE YEAR 2022

(based on the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with the International 
Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union – IFRS-EU)

as well as

(based on the individual and consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with the 
Order of the Ministry of Public Finance no. 2844/2016 for the approval of the Accounting Regulations 
in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards - OMFP 2844/2016)

REGARDING THE ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL ACTIVITY OF 
ELECTRICA GROUP 

in compliance with art. 63 of the Law no. 24/2017 on issuers of financial instruments and market 
operations and with annex no. 15 to ASF Regulation no. 5/2018 and the Bucharest Stock Exchange 
Code
for the 12-month period ended 31 December 2022

NOTE: This report contains the financial analysis of both sets of financial statements mentioned above, 
which were drawn up and submitted to the approval of the Ordinary General Meeting of Shareholders 
on 27 April 2023 by the Board of Directors of Electrica S.A.. Further in this report, where there 
are differences between financial indicators, the corresponding standard will be expressly marked 
(S-IFRS-EU, respectively S-OMFP 2844/2016) 

2022 Directors’ Report

Free translation from Romanian, which is the official and binding version, and will prevail, in the event of any 
discrepancies with the English version

10

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2022 Directors’ Report

Content

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report ................................................................................................. 11
1 Electrica 2022 Overview ............................................................................................................. 17

1.1. 2022 Key financial data ............................................................................................................ 19

1.1.1. Key financial data - S-IFRS-EU ................................................................................................... 19

1.1.2 Key financial data - S-OMFP 2844/2016 ................................................................................. 20

1.2 Key events in 2022 ...................................................................................................................... 26

1.2.1 ELSA’s General Meetings of Shareholders (GMS) ................................................................ 26

1.2.2 Litigations with significant impact on the financial performance ................................ 31

1.2.3 Distribution segment ..................................................................................................................... 33

1.2.4 Supply segment ............................................................................................................................... 34

1.3. Subsequent events to the balance sheet date ..................................................... 35
2 Electrica Group ................................................................................................................................. 39

2.1. Organizational structure ....................................................................................................... 40

2.2. Mission, vision, values ............................................................................................................ 43

2.3. Key elements of the 2019 – 2023 Corporate Strategy .................................. 44

2.4. Outlook  ........................................................................................................................................... 47

2.5. Key factors, directions and significant market trends affecting the 
operational results of Electrica Group ................................................................................. 50
3 Electrica on the capital markets .......................................................................................... 55

3.1. Ownership structure ................................................................................................................ 56

3.2 Shares evolution on BSE and Global depository receipts (GDRs) 
evolution on LSE .................................................................................................................................. 57

3.2.1 BSE shares ......................................................................................................................................... 57

3.2.2 Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) on the LSE:............................................................... 58

3.3. Investor relations (IR) ............................................................................................................ 60

3.4. Related parties transactions ............................................................................................. 61

4.1. Corporate Governance Code ............................................................................................. 66

4.2. General Meeting of ELSA’s Shareholders ................................................................ 67

4.3. Shareholders’ rights ................................................................................................................ 69

4.4. ELSA’s Board of Directors  ................................................................................................ 71

01 January – 31 December 2022 ............................................................................................. 79

4.5. The activity of ELSA’s Board of Directors and of its consultative 
committees in 2022 ........................................................................................................................... 80

4.6. ELSA’s Executive management  ..................................................................................... 85

4.7. Remuneration of the Directors and of the Executive Managers with 
mandate agreements ........................................................................................................................ 92

4.8. Statement regarding the corporate governance  
“Comply or Explain”  ......................................................................................................................... 93

4.9. Implementing action plans undertaken by signing the framework 
agreement with EBRD ..................................................................................................................... 99

The action plan regarding corporate governance  ..................................................... 100

The Environmental and Social Action Plan (ESAP) ..................................................................... 102

4.10. Internal audit activity report for 2022...................................................................... 109
5 Operating activity of Electrica in 2022 ........................................................................... 111

5.1. Operating segments ................................................................................................................. 112

DISTRIBUTION SEGMENT ..................................................................................................................... 112

.

SUPPLY SEGMENT ................................................................................................................................... 113

ENERGY SERVICES SEGMENT ............................................................................................................ 114

ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 114

5.2. Fixed assets  ................................................................................................................................. 115
5.2.1 Tangible assets – summarize key aspects of their location and main  

characteristics ............................................................................................................................................ 115

5.2.2 Tangible assets – summarize key aspects of their attrition ........................................... 116

3.5. Dividends policy ........................................................................................................................ 61

5.2.3 Investments ...................................................................................................................................... 117

3.6. Dividend distribution ............................................................................................................. 62

5.2.4 Aspects of ownership of tangible assets  ............................................................................ 120

3.7. Own shares .................................................................................................................................... 63
4 Corporate Governance in ELSA ........................................................................................... 65

5.3. Procurement ................................................................................................................................. 121

5.4. Sales activity ................................................................................................................................ 121

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2022 Directors’ Report

Content

2022 Directors’ Report

5.5. Personnel ........................................................................................................................................ 124

A.1.1.3 Other significant litigations (with a value higher thanEUR 500 thousand) .......... 183

5.6. Environmental considerations ......................................................................................... 127

5.7. Research and development activities ........................................................................ 128

5.8. Significant aspects regarding the impact on the recognition of 
financial assets as a result of the amendment of the concession 
agreements – S-IFRS-EU ................................................................................................................ 129

5.9. Significant aspects of the impact of subsidies on the  
capitalization of additional costs related to technological consumption 
(NL) – S-OMFP 2844/2016 ........................................................................................................... 130

5.10. Principle of business continuity – substantiation and working 
hypothesis ................................................................................................................................................ 130
6 Electrica financial reporting for 2022 .............................................................................. 133

6.1. Consolidated statement of the financial position – S-IFRS-EU ................ 134

6.2. Consolidated statement of profit or loss – S-IFRS-EU .................................. 138

6.3. Consolidated cash flow statement – S-IFRS-EU ................................................ 143

6.4. Consolidated statement of the financialposition  
- S-OMFP 2844/2016 ........................................................................................................................ 145

6.5. Consolidated statement of profit or loss - S-OMFP 2844/2016 ............ 149

6.6. Consolidated cash flow statement - S-OMFP 2844/2016 .......................... 155

6.7. Separate statement of the financial position 2844/2016 ............................ 157

6.8. Separate statement of profit or loss 2844/2016 ............................................... 161

6.9. Separate cash flow statement 2844/2016 ............................................................. 162

6.10. Risk management ................................................................................................................... 165

6.11. Description of the main features of internal control and risk 
management systems in relation to the financial reporting process ............ 174
7 Statements ........................................................................................................................................... 177

Appendix 1 – Litigations .................................................................................................................. 179

 A.1.1 Electrica Group litigations in 2022: .............................................................. 179
A.1.1.1 Disputes with ANRE ..................................................................................................................... 179

A.1.1.2 Fiscal matter disputes ................................................................................................................ 181

A.1.1.4 Litigations against the Romanian Court of Accounts .................................................... 189

A.1.1.5 Other litigations with significant impact ............................................................................. 190

Appendix 2 – Details of the main investments of  
Electrica Group during 2022 ........................................................................................................ 195

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework............................................................ 202

A.3.1 - Applicable legal framework compared to 2022 vs 2021: ........................ 202

A.3.1.1 Distribution activity ..................................................................................................................... 202

A.3.1.2 Supply activity ............................................................................................................................. 219

A.3.2. Changes to the legal framework in 2022/2023  
up to the date of approval of the financial statements ........................................... 240

A.3.2.1. Distribution segment  ............................................................................................................... 240

A.3.2.2. Supply segment  ....................................................................................................................... 248

Appendix 4 – Corporate Governance .................................................................................... 251

A.4.1. The Board of Directors of ELSA’s subsidiaries ................................................. 251

A.4.2. Executive management of ELSA’s subsidiaries .............................................. 252

A.4.3. Number of shares owned by the managers of Electrica Group ......... 254

A.4.4. General Meetings of Shareholders of ELSA subsidiaries ........................ 255
Glossary .......................................................................................................................................................................260

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1 Electrica 2022 Overview

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2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

1 Electrica 2022 Overview

Identification details of Electrica 

Report date: 24 March 2023

Name of the Issuer: Societatea Energetica Electrica S.A.

Headquarter: 9, Grigore Alexandrescu Street, 1st District, Bucharest, Romania

Telephone/fax number: +4021.208.5999; +4021.208.5998

Fiscal code: 13267221

Trade Registry No: J40/7425/2000 

LEI Code (Legal Entity Identifier): 213800P4SUNUM5AUDX61

Subscribed and paid share capital: RON 3,464,435,970

Main characteristics of issued shares: 346,443,597 ordinary shares of 10 RON nominal value, 
out of which 6,890,593 treasury shares and 339,553,004 shares issued in dematerialized form and 
freely transferable, nominative, tradable and fully paid.

Regulated market where the issued securities are traded: the company’s shares are listed 
on the Bucharest Stock Exchange (ticker: EL) and the Global Depositary Receipts (ticker: ELSA) are 
listed on the London Stock Exchange.

Applicable accounting standards: 

 y International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  as  approved  by  the  European  Union  (“IF-

RS-EU”)

 y Order of the Ministry of Public Finance no. 2844/2016 for the approval of the Account-
ing  Regulations  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (OMFP 
2844/2016)

Reporting period: 2022 Year (period 1 January - 31 December 2022)

Audit: The consolidated financial statements (both sets, S-IFRS-EU and S-OMFP 2844/2016) 
and  respectively  the  individual  financial  statements  as  of  and  for  the  period  ended  31  December 
2022 are audited by an independent financial auditor.

Table 1. Company details

ISIN

Bloomberg Symbol

Currency

Nominal Value

Stock Market

Ticker

Source: Electrica

Ordinary Shares

GDR

ROELECACNOR5

US83367Y2072

OQVZ

RON

RON 10 

ELSA:LI

USD

-

Bucharest Stock Exchange REGS

EL

London Stock Exchange MAIN 
MARKET
ELSA

1.1. 2022 Key financial data

1.1.1. Key financial data - S-IFRS-EU

S-IFRS-EU: In 2022, the net result of the Electrica Group was a profit of RON 559 mn., a result 
generated mainly by the performance of the electricity supply segment in the context of the increase 
in energy costs, simultaneously with the impact generated by the amendment of the concession con-
tracts regarding the recognition of additional costs (effective costs vs recognized ex-ante in tariffs) 
with the purchase of electricity to cover the NL for the distribution segment, against the background 
of the increase in the unit price of electricity as well as the deficit of electricity existing throughout the 
European Union.

S-IFRS-EU: Based on the concession contracts amendments, the additional cost of purchas-
ing electricity for covering the own technological consumption of the distribution operators (actual 
costs with the purchase of electricity for own technological consumption (“NL”) coverage compared 
to the costs included in the regulated tariffs) are recognised as financial asset (guaranteed asset) as 
part of the concession agreement.

S-IFRS-EU: The company recorded income from initial recognition of financial assets rising 
from concession contracts in amount of RON 951.6 mn., representing additional NL calculated as the 
difference between the net cost with the purchase of NL and the NL cost included in the regulatory 
tariff, for the period 1 January - 31 December 2022.

S-IFRS-EU: The revenues of the Electrica Group in 2022, 2021 and 2020 were RON 10,010 mn., 

RON 7,179 mn., respectively RON 6,501 mn.

Table 2. Key financial data for 2022 - 2020 – IFRS-EU

(RON mn.)

Revenue

Other operating income

Operational costs

EBITDA1

EBIT

Gross profit

Net profit

Source: Electrica

2022

10,010

3,793

(12,973)

1,325

829

664

559

2021

7,179

196

(7,980)

(128)

(606)

(632)

(553)

2020

6,501

165

(6,215)

953

459

442

388

.

S-IFRS-EU: As can be seen in the graphs below, the EBITDA margin increased by RON 1,453 
mn. in 2022 compared to 2021 (vs. RON 1,081 mn. decrease in 2021 compared to 2020), while the net 
profit margin increased by RON 1,112 mn. (vs. decrease RON 940 mn. in 2021 compared to 2020).

S-IFRS-EU: As of 31 December 2022, the Group has a capital structure with net debt position2 

of RON 3,051 mn. (31 December 2021: RON 1,056 mn., respectively 31 December 2020: RON 81 mn.).

1  Adjusted EBITDA (Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation or namely EBITDA) is defined and calculated 
as profit/(loss) before tax adjusted for i) depreciation, amortization and impairment/reversal of impairment of property, plant 
and equipment and intangible assets, ii) impairment of assets held for sale and iii) net finance income. EBITDA is not an IFRS 
measure and should not be treated as an alternative to IFRS measures. Moreover, EBITDA is not uniformly defined. The meth-
od used to calculate EBITDA by other companies may differ significantly from that used by the Group. As a consequence, the 
EBITDA presented in this note cannot, as such, be relied upon for the purpose of comparison to EBITDA of other companies.
2  Net debt/(Cash) is defined as bank borrowings + bank overdrafts + financial leases + funding for concession agreements - 
cash and cash equivalents – restricted cash - bank deposits, treasury bills and government bonds.

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2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

Table 3. Key financial data for 2022 - 2020 – S-OMFP 2844/2016

Figure 1: Consolidated revenue  
of Electrica Group (RON mn.)

Figure 2: EBITDA (RON mn.)  
and EBITDA margin (%) - S-IFRS-EU 

10,010

609

9,401

6,501

557

7,179

582

5,944

6,597

2020

2021

2022

Revenue excl Green Certificates
Green Certificates Revenues

14.7%

953

2020

13.2%

1,325

2022

-1.8%

(128)

2021

EBITDA

EBITDA Margin

Source: Electrica

Source: Electrica

Figure 3: Consolidated net profit (RON mn.)

Figure 4: Net debt/(cash) (RON mn.)

6.0%

388

-7.7%

5.6%

559

0.9%

25

(553)

(625)

-28.9%

3,051

1,056

81

2020

2021

Q4 2021 2022 Q4 2022

2020

2021

2022

Net Result

Net Result Margin

Source: Electrica

Source: Electrica

1.1.2 Key financial data - S-OMFP 2844/2016

S-OMFP 2844/2016: In 2022, the net result of the Electrica Group was a profit of RON 559 
mn., a result generated mainly by the performance of the electricity supply segment in the context of 
the  increase  in  energy  costs,  simultaneously  with  the  impact  generated  by  the  amendment  of  the 
concession  contracts  regarding  the  recognition  of  additional  costs  (effective  costs  vs  recognized 
ex-ante in tariffs) with the purchase of electricity to cover the NL for the distribution segment, against 
the background of the increase in the unit price of electricity as well as the deficit of electricity exist-
ing throughout the European Union.

S-OMFP 2844/2016: Starting with 30 September 2022, the Company applies the provisions 
of GEO no. 119/2022, by which the additional costs for the purchase of electricity realized between 1 
January 2022 and 31 August 2023, in order to cover the own technological consumption, compared 
to the costs recognized in the regulated tariffs, are capitalized quarterly. 

S-OMFP 2844/2016: The company recorded income from NL capitalization in the amount of 
RON 951.6 mn., representing additional NL calculated as the difference between the net cost with the 
purchase of NL and the NL cost included in the regulatory tariff, for the period 1 January - 31 December 
2022.

S-OMFP 2844/2016: The revenues of the Electrica Group in 2022, 2021 and 2020 were RON 

10,010 mn., RON 7,179 mn., respectively RON 6,501 mn.

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(RON mn.)

Revenue

Other operating income

Capitalised costs of 
intangible non-current 
assets

Operational costs

EBITDA1

EBIT

Gross profit

Net profit

Source: Electrica

2022

10,010

2,841

989

(13,011)

1,363

829

664

559

2021

7,179

196

-

(7,980)

(128)

(606)

(632)

(553)

2020

6,501

165

-

(6,215)

953

459

442

388

S-OMFP 2844/2016: As can be seen in the graphs below, the EBITDA margin increased by 
RON 1,491 mn. in 2022 compared to 2021 (vs. RON 1,081 mn. decrease in 2021 compared to 2020), 
while the net profit margin increased by RON 1,112 mn. (vs. decrease RON 940 mn. in 2021 compared 
to 2020).

S-OMFP 2844/2016: As of 31 December 2022, the Group has a capital structure with net debt 
position2 of RON 3,051 mn. (31 December 2021: RON 1,056 mn., respectively 31 December 2020: RON 
81 mn.).

 Figure 5: Consolidated revenue of Electrica Group 
(RON mn.)

Figure 6: EBITDA (RON mn.)  
and EBITDA margin (%) - S-OMFP 2844/2016 

10,010

609

9,401

6,501

557

7,179

582

5,944

6,597

2020

2021

2022

Revenues excl Green Cetificates

Green Certificates Revenues

Source: Electrica

Source: Electrica

14.7%

953

2020

13.6%

1,363

2022

-1.8%

(128)

2021

EBITDA

EBITDA Margin

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1  Adjusted EBITDA (Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation or namely EBITDA) is defined and calculated 
as profit/(loss) before tax adjusted for i) depreciation, amortization and impairment/reversal of impairment of property, plant 
and equipment and intangible assets, ii) impairment of assets held for sale and iii) net finance income. EBITDA is not an IFRS 
measure and should not be treated as an alternative to IFRS measures. Moreover, EBITDA is not uniformly defined. The meth-
od used to calculate EBITDA by other companies may differ significantly from that used by the Group. As a consequence, the 
EBITDA presented in this note cannot, as such, be relied upon for the purpose of comparison to EBITDA of other companies.
2  Net debt/(Cash) is defined as bank borrowings + bank overdrafts + financial leases + funding for concession agreements - 
cash and cash equivalents – restricted cash - bank deposits, treasury bills and government bonds.

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Figure 7: Consolidated net profit (RON mn.)

Figure 8: Net debt/(cash) (RON mn.)

Figure 10: Evolution of the number of users (mn.)

Figure 11: Quantity distributed (TWh)

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

6.0%

388

-7.7%

5.6%

559

0.9%

25

(625)

(553)

-28.9%

3,051

1,056

81

2020

2021

Q4 2021 2022 Q4 2022

2020

2021

2022

Net Result

Net Result Margin

Source: Electrica

Source: Electrica

DISTRIBUTION SEGMENT

Essential market information:

 – Electricity distribution in Romania is fulfilled mainly by six electricity distribution system 

operators, regulated by ANRE;

 – Each company is responsible for the exclusive distribution of electricity in the region for 
which it is authorized, under a concession agreement concluded with the Romanian State;
 – Enel owns three distribution companies each, while Electrica through Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania (formed by the merger at 31 december 2020 of Societatea de Distributie 
a  Energiei  Electrice  Transilvania  Nord,  Societatea  de  Distributie  a  Energiei  Electrica 
Transilvania Sud and Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Muntenia Nord), owns 
3 network zones, CEZ through Distributie Oltenia and E.ON through Delgaz Grid own the 
remaining two;

 – Electrica Group is a key player in the electricity distribution sector, both in terms of areas 

covered and of number of users served;

 – The estimated Regulated Assets Base (RAB) value at the end of 2022 was RON 6.2 bn;
 – 202,159  km  of  electric  lines  -  7,603  km  for  High  Voltage  (“HV”),  46,589  km  for  Medium 

Voltage (“MV”) and 147,967 km for Low Voltage (“LV”);

 – Total area covered: 97,196 km2, 40.7% of Romania’s territory;
 –  3.88 mn. users (2022) for the distribution activity;
 –  17.73 TWh of electricity distributed in 2022, a decrease of 4% as compared to 2021;
 – 39.9%  market  share  for  the  distribution  of  electricity  to  final  users  in  2021  (based  on 

.

distributed quantities, according to ANRE report for 2021).

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Figure 9: Romanian electricity distribution map

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                                          Source: Electrica

9.55

5.78

9.67

9.79

5.87

5.96

44.90

44.10

27.17

26.62

46.30

27.83

3.77

3.80

3.83

17.73

17.48

18.47

2019

2020

2021

2019

2020

2021

Electrica

Others

Electrica

Others

Source: ANRE Report for performance indicators’ 
monitoring 2021, Electrica

Source: ANRE Report for performance indicators’ 
monitoring 2021, Electrica

Key financial indicators for Distribution segment

In 2022, revenues from the electricity distribution segment increased by approx. RON 665.8 
mn., or 24.4%, to RON 3,396.6 mn., from RON 2,730.8 mn. in 2021. The effect of the increase by RON 
110.9 mn. of revenues recognized in accordance with IFRIC 12, to which was added the increase in 
distribution tariffs as well as the decrease in volumes of electricity distributed, net impact of RON 
554.9 mn. or 24.9%.

S-IFRS-EU: EBITDA in the distribution segment is positively affected by the income from ini-
tial recognition of financial assets rising from concession agreements amendments o have contribut-
ed with an increase of RON 951.6 mn. 

S-OMFP 2844/2016: EBITDA in the distribution segment is positively affected by the income 
from the production of intangible assets from capitalizing additional costs with NL that have contrib-
uted with an increase of RON 989.3 mn. 

The net result of the segment is profit in amount of RON 308.2 mn. in 2022 compared with 
the loss registered in 2021 in amount of RON 139.0 mn. The net profit is unfavorably affected by the 
increase of the negative financial result with RON 78.6 mn. reaching the amount of RON 152.0 mn. in 
2022 compared to the negative financial result in 2021 in amount of RON 73.5 mn.

We also mention the fact that, at the beginning of the current PR4 regulatory period, ANRE 
made a total negative correction for the closing of PR3 in the amount of RON (730) mn. (nominal 
terms), respectively (RON 665) mn. (2018 terms), of which RON (341) mn. for the meters recognized 
as investments in PR2 (2008-2013). The meter correction was challenged in court by the distribution 
branch of the Electrica Group, because in 2013, ANRE recognized the meters in BAR based on the 
principle of non-discrimination of all distribution operators, although they were not registered as fixed 
assets. The total negative correction related to PR3 decreased the regulated profitability related to 
PR4, with an average annual value of RON (146) mn.

Figure 12: Revenues - distribution  
segment (RON mn.)

Figure 13: EBITDA – distribution  
segment (RON mn.) - S-IFRS-EU

2,751

2,731

3,397

624

2020

372

2021

980

2022

2020

2021

2022

Source: Electrica

Source: Electrica

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2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

Figure 14: EBITDA –  
distribution segment (RON mn.) - S-OMFP 
2844/2016

Figure 15: Net Profit –  
distribution segment (RON mn.)

1,017

77

624

372

2020

2021

2022

308

(139)

Figure 17: Revenues - supply segment (RON mn.)

Figure 18: EBITDA - supply segment (RON mn.)

8,186

616

7,570

5,015

557

5,772

585

4,458

5,188

5.3%

265

4.8%

391

-7.6%

(440)

2020

2021

2022

2020

2021

T4 2021

Source: Electrica

Source: Electrica

Figure 16: Net debt/(Cash) – distribution segment (RON mn.)

1,397

781

706

2020

2021

2022

Source: Electrica

SUPPLY SEGMENT

Essential market data (according to ANRE Report for September 2022)
 – The supply market is composed of both competitive and universal service and last resort 

segment (US and LR);

 – The universal service and last resort segment consist of 6 last resort suppliers designated 

at national level;

 – The competitive segment consists of 91 suppliers (including the last resort suppliers oper-
ating on retail competitive segment), out of which 83 are relatively small (below 4% market 
share);

In 2022, EFSA is the market leader with a market share of 17.61%; it is also the leader on the LR seg-
ment having a market share of 30.53%, while its market share on the competitive segment is 12.82% 
(in accordance with ANRE September 2022 Report). Comparatively, in 2021, EFSA had a market 
share of 18.42% in total energy market; 30.59% of the LR market and a market share of 12.72% of the 
competitive market (ANRE report for December 2021). 

Key financial indicators for Supply segment

Revenues from the supply of electricity and natural gas increased in 2022 by approx. RON 2,413.6 
mn., or 41.8%, to RON 8,186.0 mn., from RON 5,772.4 mn. in 2021.

This evolution represents mainly the effect of the increase of the sale prices of electricity on the re-
tail market by 53%, but also of an increase of the quantity of electricity supplied by 8,7%.

Regarding EBITDA, the supply segment registered in 2022 a significant increase reaching the 
amount of RON 390.9 mn. (positive EBITDA) from RON 439.7 mn (negative EBITDA) recorded in 
2021, and a significant improvement of the EBITDA margin from -7.6% in 2021 to 4.8% in 2022.

The supply segment has a net cash financial position which has increased compared to 2021 by ap-
prox. RON 1,207.7 mn, reaching the level of RON 1,449.3 mn. in 2022. 

Revenues excl Green Certificates

Green Certificates Revenues

2020

2021

2022

EBITDA

EBITDA Margin

Source: Electrica 

Source: Electrica 

Figure 19: Net profit - supply segment (RON mn.)

Figure 20: Net debt/(Cash) - supply segment

4.3%

214

3.2%

261

-6.8%

(390)

2020

2021

Net Result

2022

Net Result Margin

1,449

242

(183)

2020

2021

2022

Source: Electrica 

Source: Electrica 

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2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

1.2 Key events in 2022

During 2022 the following main events took place: 

1.2.1 ELSA’s General Meetings of Shareholders (GMS)

ELSA’s General Meetings of Shareholders (GMS) and the main projects developed and com-
pleted during the year as a result of the approval received from ELSA’s GMS

In 2022, one Ordinary General Meetings of Shareholders (OGMS) took place on 20 April, and 
four Extraordinary General Meetings of Shareholders (EGMS) was held on 21 March, 20 April, 9 June 
and, respectively, on 12 October.

On 28 January 2022, ELSA’s BoD convened the Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders 
(EGMS) for 21 March 2022, which mainly approved the empowerment of ELSA’s representative in the 
EGMS of EFSA to vote for the total ceiling of short-term financing that can be contracted by EFSA 
during the 2022 financial year from bank institutions (commercial banks or international financial in-
stitutions) to finance the current activity in the amount of up to RON 1.5 bln, with ELSA’s guarantee of 
maximum RON 1.65 bln. The EGMS resolution is avalable on Electrica’s website:
https://www.electrica.ro/en/investors/general-meetings-of-shareholders/2022-gms/general-meet-
ing-of-shareholders-as-of-21-march-2022/ .

On 28 February 2022, ELSA’s BoD convened the Ordinary General Meeting of Shareholders 
(OGMS) and the Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders (EGMS) of ELSA, for 20 April 2022.

Within the OGMS, ELSA’s shareholders have mainly approved the following:
 – The Separate and Consolidated Annual Financial Statements for the financial year ended 31 
December 2021, as well as the Budget of Revenues and Expenses for 2022 – both individual 
and at consolidated level;

 – The distribution of the net profit for the financial year 2021: total gross dividend value of 
RON 152,798,852, the gross dividend per share of RON 0.4500, ex-date - 24 May, registra-
tion date - 25 May 2022, date of payment of dividends - 17 June 2022;

 – The discharge of liability of the members of ELSA’s BoD; 
 – The amendment of ELSA’s Remuneration Policy for Directors and Executive Managers in 
force, by revising the provisions regarding the weights of the key performance indicators 
(KPI) and the principles underlying the calculation of the result of the annual evaluation of 
executive directors;

 – The Remuneration Report for Directors and Executive Managers of ELSA.

The shareholders who participated in the EGMS mainly approved a ceiling of up to RON 900 
mn. for the bond issues of Electrica for the period 2022-2023, as well as the empowerment of ELSA’s 
BoD to take all measures to carry out and complete the bond issuance operations. The GMS resolu-
tions are available on Electrica’s website below: 
https://www.electrica.ro/en/general-meeting-of-shareholders-as-of-20-april-2022/ .

On  15  April  2022,  ELSA’s  BoD  decided  to  convene  the  Extraordinary  General  Meeting  of 
Shareholders (EGMS) of ELSA, for 9 June 2022. During the EGMS, ELSA’s shareholders have mainly 
approved the following:

 – the empowerment of Electrica’s representative to participate in EFSA’s EGMS and vote for 
increasing the total ceiling of short-term financing that can be contracted by EFSA during 
the financial year 2022 for financing its current activity up to the amount of RON 1.7 bln. 
with Electrica’s guarantee of maximum RON 1.87 bln. 

 – the empowerment of Electrica’s representative, to participate in DEER’s EGMS and to vote 
for the approval of a total ceiling of medium and long term financing that can be contract-
ed by DEER during the financial year 2022 from banking institutions to cover the additional 
costs related to own technological consumption as well as to finance the working capital 
and the investment projects in value of up to RON 0.7 bln., with the guarantee of Electrica 
of maximum RON 0.77 bln.

 – a total ceiling of guarantees (which will not be real guarantees) that may be granted by 

Electrica for the above-mentioned financing in the amount of up to RON 1.87 bln. for EFSA 
and of up to RON 0.77 bln. for DEER.

The EGMS resolution is avalable on Electrica’s website here:

https://www.electrica.ro/en/investors/general-meetings-of-shareholders/2022-gms/
general-meeting-of-shareholders-as-of-9-june-2022/

On 18 August 2022, ELSA’s BoD decided to convene the Extraordinary General Meeting of 
Shareholders (EGMS) ELSA, for 12 October 2022, the topics on the agenda being related to the up-
date of the Articles of Association on the Company. The EGMS approved the new version of Articles 
of  Association 
that  was  published  here:  https://www.electrica.ro/en/the-group/about/
constitutive-act/ 

Changes in the structure of ELSA’s Board of Directors (BoD) and its committees

At the beginning of 2022, the composition of the Board of Directors was as follows: Mr. Iulian 
Cristian Bosoanca, Mr. Gicu Iorga, Mr. Ion-Cosmin Petrescu, Mr. Adrian-Florin Lotrean, Mr. Radu Mircea 
Florescu, Mr. Dragos Valentin Neacsu and Mr. George Cristodorescu. 

Regarding  the  position  of  Chairman  of  ELSA’s  BoD,  it  was  occupied  Mr.  Iulian  Cristian 
Bosoanca being elected in this capacity during the Board meeting of 15 December 2020 for the peri-
od starting from 1 January 2021 and until 31 December 2021. Subsequently, as result of the change of 
the Board structure, during the meeting of 6 May 2021, Mr. Iulian Cristian Bosoanca was re-elected as 
Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Directors  starting  with  6  May  2021  and  until  31  December  2021.  On  15 
December 2022, ELSA’s BoD reelected Mr. Bosoanca as Chairman of the Board starting with 1 January 
2023 until 31 December 2023.

Regarding the composition of ELSA’s BoD consultative committees, as of 31 December 2022, 

the composition of the consultative committees of ELSA’s BoD was the following:

The Audit and Risk Committee:

 – Ms. Radu Mircea Florescu – Chairman;
 – Mr. Dragos-Valentin Neacsu – Member;
 – Mr. Iulian Cristian Bosoanca – Member.

The Nomination and Remuneration Committee: 

 – Mr. Adrian-Florin Lotrean – Chairman;
 – Mr. Radu Mircea Florescu – Member;
 – Mr. Ion Cosmin Petrescu – Member.

The Strategy and Corporate Governance Committee:

 – Mr. Gicu Iorga – Chairman;
 – Mr. George Cristodorescu – Member; 
 – Mr. Adrian-Florin Lotrean – Member.

In accordance with the decision of the Board of Directors of 20 December 2022, the compo-

sition of the committees will remain the same until 31 December 2023.

Regarding ELSA’s executive management during 2022, several changes occurred, as follows: 

 – On 3 January 2022, the mandate agreement as Chief Financial Officer of Mr. Mihai Darie, 

will effectively terminate upon the end of the 4-year duration.

 – On 3 January, ELSA’s Board of Directors appointed Mr. Stefan-Alexandru Frangulea as in-
terim executive director of the Financial Division starting 4 January 2022 until 31 December 
2022. 

 – On 15 April 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors took note of the notification submitted 
by  Mr.  Stefan-Ionut  Pascu  regarding  his  resignation  from  the  position  of  Chief  Business 
Development Officer and considers 30 April 2022 as the effective termination date, repre-
senting the last day on which the mandate contract was in force.

 – On  5  May  2022,  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  (BoD)  decided  to  revoke  Mrs. 
Georgeta-Corina  Popescu  from  the  position  of  Chief  Executive  Officer  (CEO)  without 
cause, starting with 16 May 2022, and appointed Mr. Chirita Alexandru-Aurelian, as interim 

.

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CEO, starting with 17 May 2022, for a period of 3 months, or until the appointment of a new 
CEO, respectively until the revocation.

Treasury matters 

 – On  16  August,  ELSA  BoD  decided  to  extend  the  appointment  of  Mr.  Chirita  Alexandru-

Loans related to third-parties 

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

Aurelian, Romanian citizen, as interim CEO, until 31 December 2022.

 – During  the  meeting  held  on  29  December  2022,  the  Board  of  Directors  decided  to  ex-
tend  the  appointment  of  Mr.  Alexandru-Aurelian  Chirita,  as  interim  CEO,  and  Mr.  Stefan- 
Alexandru Frangulea as Financial Executive Director until 28 February 2023 (inclusively), 
or until the appointment of a new CEO/CFO, respectively until the revocation, whichever 
occurs first, with the possibility of revoking the mandate granted at any time during the 
period.

Transactions with related parties

During 2022 ELSA published 34 announcements, according to art. 108 of Law no. 24/2017, 
reporting transactions concluded between DEER - OPCOM, EFSA - OPCOM, DEER – EFSA, EFSA - 
Transelectrica, EFSA – CEO, EFSA – Nuclearelectrica, EFSA - TEL, DEER - SNN, DEER - Eximbank in 
this period, whose cumulated value in the case of each announcement case exceeds the threshold of 
5%  of  ELSA’s  net  assets,  calculated  on  the  basis  of  Electrica’s  latest  available  individual  financial 
statements.

Also,  on  26  January  2022  ELSA  published  the  Auditor’s  report  regarding  the  transactions 
reported in H2 2021 according to Art. 108 Law 24/2017 (R), and on 29 July 2022 published the Auditor’s 
report regarding the transactions reported in H1 2022 according to Art. 108 Law 24/2017 (R).

All these announcements and auditor’s reports can be found on ELSA’s website, at this ad-

dress: https://www.electrica.ro/en/investors/results-and-reports/current-reports-art-108/.

For more details, please see chapter 3.4 in the current report. 

Other relevant events

 – By  the  Decision  no  H879/2022  of  the  Hungarian  Energy  and  Public  Utility  Regulatory 
Authority, on 2 February 2022, an electricity trading License was granted to EFSA – the 
Company’s supply subsidiary. This license will allow EFSA to register and trade electricity 
in Hungary, on the wholesale market, including the derivatives market, the operations being 
performed from EFSA’s headquarters. Also, the Group holds a natural gas supply license 
valid until 2032.

 – On  31  March  2022,  at  the  recommendation  of  the  Strategy  and  Corporate  Governance 
Committee, the Board of Directors (BoD) of Electrica decided to reposition EEV1 within the 
Group by concluding a transaction between Societatea Electrica Furnizare SA (EFSA), as 
seller and sole shareholder of EEV1, and Electrica Productie Energie S.A. (EPE), as buyer.
 – On 6 July 2022, Electrica signed, as buyer, a shares sales and purchase agreement (“SPA”) 
in one project company, Green Energy Consultancy & Investments S.R.L., wholly owned by 
sellers, for a total estimated price of EUR 600,000. Green Energy Consultancy & Investments 
S.R.L. develops the photovoltaic project “Vulturu” with an installed capacity of 12 MWp DC 
(peak power at the level of the panels) and 9.75 MW AC (power authorized for delivery into 
the grid), located in the area of Vulturu commune, Vrancea county.

 – On  7  July  2022  the  company  published  the  Sustainability  Report  for  2021.  This  is  avail-
able  on  Electrica’s  website,  at:  https://www.electrica.ro/en/investors/results-and-reports/
sustainability-reports/. 

 – On 15 July 2022, the company organised a workshop dedicated exclusively to proposals for 
amending the Articles of Association of the company. The purpose of the workshop is to 
clarify any questions formulated by the shareholders regarding the proposals for amending 
the Articles of Association, as well as to increase their commitment to this project. 

 – On 9 December 2022, Electrica entered into the shareholding structure of CCP.RO, follow-
ing the approval of the Board of Directors therefore the company will own 8.06% of the 
share capital of CCP.RO. 

 – On  19  December  2022,  the  company  signed  two  agreements  for  market  making  servic-
es for the Issuer with BRK Financial Group and Wood & Company Financial Services a.s. 
(Wood&Co) for a period of 2 years, starting with 3 January 2023.

 – On  25  January  2022,  was  signed  the  Credit  Agreement  no.  2022012502  concluded  by 
DEER and BCR by which the Lender makes available to the Borrower a multi-product cred-
it facility up to the value of RON 180 mn. for a period of 1 year, as follows: an Overdraft 
Facility with the validity 25 January 2023 and a Facility for issuing bank guarantees with 
the validity 25 January 2024. By the additional act no. 1 signed on 7 March 2022 the credit 
facility increased from RON 180 mn. to RON 220 mn.

 – On 26 January 2022, the additional documents were signed for the group’s subsidiaries, 
including for ELSA in order to extend the contract no. 3189/28 January 2020 for the IDL 
intraday credit limit concluded with ING Bank within the cash-pooling structure through 
which the bank makes available to the borrower a credit facility in the total amount of RON 
210 mn. until 27 January 2023. 

 – On 2 February 2022, was signed the Credit Agreement no. 11673879 concluded by EFSA 
and Transilvania Bank, SE Electrica SA as co-debtor through which the Lender makes avail-
able to the Borrower a loan ceiling up to the value of RON 190 mn. until 31 July 2022.

 – On  4  February  2022,  was  signed  the  Credit  Agreement  no.  17/8130/2022  concluded  by 
EFSA and BRD Groupe Societe Generale SA, SE Electrica SA as co-debtor by which the 
Lender makes available to the Borrower a loan in the form of a ceiling up to the value of 
RON 220 mn. until 03 August 2022. 

 – On 18 February 2022, was signed the Credit Facility Agreement no. WB/C/14 concluded by 
EFSA and ING, SE Electrica SA as guarantor by which the Lender makes available to the 
Borrower a non-committing multi-product credit facility up to a maximum value of RON 
170 mn. for issuing bank guarantees valid for 6 months minus 15 days from the date of the 
contract, respectively 2 August 2022. 

 – On  25  March  2022,  was  signed  the  Credit  Facility  Agreement  no.  WB/C/379  concluded 
by DEER and ING by which the Lender makes available to the Borrower a non-committing 
credit facility up to a maximum value of RON 220 mn. for the issuance of bank guarantees 
valid for 12 months from the date of the contract, respectively 25 March 2023.

 – On  15  April  2022,  Credit  Agreement  no.  20220416018  concluded  by  EFSA  and  BCR,  SE 
Electrica SA as guarantor, whereby the Creditor provides the Borrower with a multi-prod-
uct credit facility up to the value of RON 220 mn., as follows: an Overdraft facility valid until 
14 April 2023 and a Facility for Guarantee Instruments valid until 15 April 2024. 

 – On 13 May 2022 was signed the Additional Act no. 1 to the Credit Facility Agreement no. 
WB/C/379 concluded by DEER and ING by which the Lender makes available to the Borrower 
an overdraft sublimit of up to RON 50 mn. from the total facility amount of RON 220 mn.
 – On  19  May  2022,  was  signed  the  Credit  Agreement  no.  GRIM/43778-CSG  concluded  by 
EFSA and UniCredit Bank SA having ELSA as Guarantor, by which the Lender makes avail-
able to the Borrower a multi-product credit facility up to the value of RON 220 mn. for a 
period of one year for overdraft, respectively 19 May 2023 and for issuing bank guarantees 
valid for two years from the date of the contract, respectively 19 May 2024 and by the ad-
ditional act no. 1 to the Credit Agreement no. GRIM/43778-CSG signed on 15 June 2022 the 
credit facility increased from RON 220 mn. to RON 300 mn.

 – On 26 May 2022, was signed the Credit Facility Agreement no. 20 concluded by DEER and 
Raiffeisen Bank by which the Lender makes available to the Borrower a non-committing 
revolving credit facility up to a maximum value of RON 220 mn. valid for 12 months from 
the date of the contract, respectively 26 May 2023.

 – On 31 May 2022, was signed the Additional Act no. 4 to the Credit Facility Agreement no. 
201910080129 concluded by EFSA and BCR which extends the validity of overdraft limit of 
RON 165 mn. until 31 May 2023 and for issuing bank guarantees until 7 October 2023.

 – On  29  June  2022,  was  signed  FX  Hedging  Agreement  no.  WB/C/1840  by  and  between 
DEER and ING Bank NV acting through its branch office ING Bank Amesterdam, Bucharest 
Branch through which parties enter into and become bound by foreign exchange hedging 
transactions for a secured amount of EUR 39 mn.

 – On 30 June 2022, was signed the Additional Act no. 4 to the Loan Agreement no. 2406PJ/30 
June 2020, concluded by DEER and Intesa Sanpaolo Bank, which removes the noncash char-
acter, converts the facility from RON to EUR and extends the duration for which the amount 
of EUR 27.3 mn. which can be borrowed by EFSA under the contract for 12 months, respec-
tively 28 June 2023. 

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 – On 01 August 2022, was signed the Additional Act no. 1/11673879 to the Loan Agreement 
no. 11673879/02 February 2022 concluded by EFSA and Banca Transilvania, SE Electrica SA 
as co-debtor, which extends the validity of the ceiling of RON 190 mn. until 31 August 2022.
 – On  03  August  2022,  was  signed  the  Additional  Act  no.  1/03  August  2022  to  the  Loan 
Agreement  no.  17/8130/2022  dated  04  February  2022  concluded  by  EFSA  and  BRD 
GROUPE SOCIETE GENERALE SA, SE Electrica SA as co-debtor, which extends the validity 
of the ceiling of RON 220 mn. until 03 February 2023.

 – On 03 August 2022, additional Act no. 1 to the Credit Facility Agreement no. WB/C/14 dat-
ed 18 February 2022, concluded by EFSA and ING Bank NV, SE Electrica SA as guarantor, 
which eliminates the possibility of using the Credit Facility for the purpose of issuing guar-
antee instruments, and the date of the final repayment, respectively, the drawing period will 
not be later than 16 September 2022.

 – On 29 August 2022, EFSA concluded with Banca Transilvania, SE Electrica SA as co-debt-
or, the additional no. 2 to the Loan Agreement no. 11673879/02 February 2022, extending 
the validity of the RON 190 mn. ceiling until 30 January 2023 and waives the limit of bank 
guarantees.

 – On 06 September 2022, EFSA concluded with ALPHA BANK ROMANIA SA, SE Electrica 
SA as guarantor, Loan Agreement no. 350, in the amount of EUR 60 mn., through which the 
Creditor provides the Borrower with a revocable, revolving credit line facility, valid until 06 
September 2023.

 – On 15 September 2022, EFSA concluded with ING Bank NV, SE Electrica SA as guarantor, 
the additional no. 2 to the Loan Agreement no. WB/C/14 dated 18 February 2022, through 
which the date of final repayment, respectively the drawing period will not be later than 17 
October 2022.

 – On  17  October  2022,  EFSA  concluded  with  ING  Bank  NV,  SE  Electrica  SA  as  guarantor, 
the additional no. 3 to the Loan Agreement no. WB/C/14 dated 18 February 2022, through 
which the Facility is denominated in EUR, the possibility of using the facility in RON is elim-
inated, and the date of final repayment will not be later than 17 February 2023.

 – On 26 October 2022, EFSA concluded with Raiffeisen Bank SA, SE Electrica SA as guaran-
tor, the additional no. 1 to the Loan Agreement no. 56 dated 26 October 2021, extending the 
validity of Overdraft limit until 29 January 2023, and the validity of the Facility for issuing 
letters of guarantee until 31 December 2024.

 – On  13  December  2022,  was  signed  the  Additional  Act  no.  3  to  the  Loan  Agreement  no. 
10091385 dated 16 December 2020 concluded by DEER and Banca Transilvania, which ex-
tends the validity of the Overdraft limit until 13 January 2023, and the validity of the Facility 
for issuing letters of guarantee until 14 December 2023.

 – On 22 December 2022, DEER concluded with EXIMBANK, SE Electrica SA as guarantor, the 
Loan Agreement no. 1218, in amount of RON 250 mn., through which the Creditor provides 
the Borrower with a credit for financing the current activity and liquidity deficit for a period 
of 24 months, respectively 20 December 2024.

 – On  23  December  2022,  was  signed  the  Additional  Act  no.  5  to  the  Loan  Agreement  no. 
GRIM/75912/2017 dated 19 July 2017 concluded by SE Electrica SA, ELECTRICA SERV and 
UniCredit Bank SA, extending the validity of Credit until 30 December 2030, and the valid-
ity of the Facility for issuing letters of guarantee until 31 December 2023.

 – On 24 December 2022, was signed the Additional act no. 1 to the Loan Agreement no. 61 
dated 24 December 2021, concluded by EFSA with Raiffeisen Bank SA, SE Electrica SA as 
guarantor, extending the validity of Overdraft limit until 24 December 2023, and the validity 
of the Facility for issuing letters of guarantee until 24 December 2024.

 – On  27  December  2022,  was  signed  the  Credit  Facility  Agreement  no.  165  concluded  by 
EFSA and BNP PARIBAS, SE Electrica SA as guarantor, by which the Lender makes avail-
able to the Borrower a non-committed credit facility up to a maximum value of RON 240 
mn. for the issuance of bank guarantees valid for 12 months from the date of the contract 
respectively 22 December 2023.

 – On 30 December 2022, was signed the Loan Agreement no. FA 8376 for working capital 
and issuance of bank guarantees concluded by SE Electrica SA as Borrower and Vista Bank, 
by which the Lender makes available to the Borrower a non-committed credit facility of 
RON 100 mn. for a period of 18 months, respectively 29 June 2024.

Intragroup Loans

 – On 21 January 2022, was signed the Additional Act no. 1 to the Intragroup Loan Agreement 

no.  87/23  December  2021  concluded  by  SE  Electrica  SA  with  EFSA,  which  extends  the 
duration for which the amount of RON 130 mn. which can be borrowed by EFSA under the 
Contract until 23 April 2022.

 – On 18 April 2022, SE Electrica SA concluded with EFSA a Framework Contract for issuing 
corporate guarantees in the form of parental guarantee type (PCG), valid until 31 December 
2026, through which ELSA will issue corporate guarantees in the form of Parental Guarantee 
(PCG) in favour of EFSA, within the limits of the corporate approvals granted by the com-
petent bodies within ELSA.

 – On 21 April 2022, was signed the Additional Act no. 2 to the Intragroup Loan Agreement no. 
87/23 December 2021 concluded by SE Electrica SA with EFSA, which extends the duration 
for which the amount of RON 130 mn. which can be borrowed by EFSA under the Contract 
until 23 May 2022.

 – On 23 May 2022, was signed the Additional Act no. 3 to the Intragroup Loan Agreement no. 
87/23 December 2021 concluded by SE Electrica SA with EFSA, which changes the amount 
to RON 60 mn. and extends the validity until 07 June 2022.

 – On  14  June  2022,  was  signed  a  short-term  Loan  Agreement  no.  40  concluded  by  SE 
Electrica SA and New Trend Energy SRL up to the value of RON 2.1 mn. until 13 June 2023.
 – On 15 July 2022, was signed a short-term Loan Agreement no. 46 concluded by SE Electrica 
SA and Societatea Electrica Productie Energie SA up to the value of EUR 9.5 mn. until 14 
July 2023 in order to acquire EEV1 shares.

 – On  27  September  2022,  SE  Electrica  SA  concluded  with  Sunwind  Energy  SRL,  the  Loan 
Agreement no. 63, on a short-term basis, in amount of RON 1.2 mn., valid until 25 September 
2023, in order to finance the costs that are the responsibility of SE Electrica SA.

 – On 11 October 2022, SE Electrica SA concluded with New Trend Energy SRL the Additional 
act no. 1 to the Loan Agreement no. 40 dated 14 June 2022, for a new loan in amount of 
RON 0.35 mn., valid until 13 June 2023.

 – On  27  October  2022,  SE  Electrica  SA  concluded  with  Green  Energy  Consultancy  & 
Investments  SRL,  the  Loan  Agreement  no.  68,  on  a  short-term  basis,  in  amount  of  RON 
66.5 mn., valid until 26 October 2023, to finance the costs that are the responsibility of SE 
Electrica SA.

 – On  09  November  2022,  SE  Electrica  SA  concluded  with  Sunwind  Energy  SRL,  the  Loan 
Agreement no. 73, on a short-term basis, in amount of RON 147.3 mn., valid until 27 October 
2023,  to  finance  the  investments  for  the  completion  and  operation  of  the  photovoltaic 
plant “Satu Mare 2” (Botiz). 

1.2.2 Litigations with significant impact on the financial performance

Case no. 3889/2/2018  

On 22 November 2022, The High Court of Cassation and Justice rejected the appeal declared 
by ELSA against civil decision no. 707/2019, pronounced by the Bucharest Court of Appeal in file no. 
3889/2/2018. 

The file no. 3889/2/2018 has as object the annulment of the Competition Council Decision no. 
77/20 December 2017, and in the alternative, the reduction of the fine established for ELSA up to the 
minimum legal level of 0.5% of ELSA’s turnover, by re-individualizing the alleged anti-competitive act, 
with the retention and full capitalization of all mitigating circumstances applicable to ELSA. 

By the Decision of the Competition Council no. 77/20 December 2017 was found the breach-
ing of the provisions of art. 5 par. (1) of the Competition Law no. 21/1996 and art. 101 par. (1) TFEU by 
several companies which have sold meters and related measuring equipment for electricity in Romania, 
in  the  procedures  for  the  award  of  supply  contracts  in  the  period  from  27  November  2008  to  30 
September 2015 and by Electrica, as a facilitator, in the period from 24 November 2010 to 30 September 
2015. 

The sanction applied to Electrica consists in a fine amounting to 10,800,984.04 lei, represent-
ing 2.98% of the total turnover achieved in the financial year 2016. In determining the amount of the 
fine, it was taken into account that (i) Electrica cooperated fully and effectively with the Competition 
Council Public during the investigation procedure, outside the scope of the leniency policy and be-
yond the legal duty to cooperate, and (ii) it is for the very first time when the authority retains the role 
of facilitator for a company organizing public procurement procedures. On the merits of the case that 

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was the subject of file 3889/2/2018, by Sentence no. 707/25 February 2019, the Bucharest Court of 
Appeal rejected the annulment action as unfounded. 

The  file  was  finally  resolved  by  rejecting  the  appeal  declared  by  ELSA  against  the  above 

Sentence.

Case no. 887/90/2013  

On 6 April 2022, the final updated consolidated table of the debts owed by Oltchim S.A. was 
published in IPB no. 6100, updated as a result of (i) the distributions made on account of the receiva-
bles, (ii) the issued court decisions (iii) the decision of the European Tribunal of Justice in Luxembourg, 
pronounced  on  15  December  2021,  in  case  T565/19  which  remained  final.  In  the  final  consolidated 
table, updated as indicated above, Electrica is registered with the amount of RON 116,058,538, repre-
senting the secured claim, with the right to vote.

Electrica’s  receivable  was  modified  because  of  the  decision  of  the  European  Tribunal  of 
Justice in Luxembourg, pronounced on 15 December 2021, in case T565/19, a decision that partially 
annulled the Decision of the European Commission no. C (2018) 8592 final, dated 17 December 2018, 
which established a series of measures regarding the recovery by Romania of the state aid granted to 
Oltchim  SA,  in  violation  of  art.108  paragraph  3  of  the  TFEU,  through  some  companies,  including 
Electrica. In its ruling, the European court annulled several measures to recover state aid established 
by  the  European  Commission,  including  Measure  3,  which  also  refers  to  the  total  amount  of  RON 
554,959,671.97  (RON  45,106,237.96  representing  the  secured  debt  and  the  amount  of  RON 
509,853,434.01 representing the unsecured debt), considered state aid with which Electrica was list-
ed in the table of debts. 

The decision is final. 

File no 371/33/2017  

On 28 March 2022, the dispute between DEER and D.G.R.F.P. Cluj Napoca - A.J.F.P. Maramures 
and ANAF which is the subject of file no. 371/33/2017, was definitively resolved by the High Court of 
Cassation and Justice, by admitting the appeal declared by DEER against the civil sentence no. 163 of 
8 July 2019, pronounced by the Cluj Court of Appeal, the partial annulment of the appealed sentence 
and the annulment of Decision no. 275 of 31 October 2016 regarding the settlement of the DEER ap-
peal, of the Taxation Decision no. F-MM 180 of 30 March 2016 (total amount RON 32,295,033) and of 
the Fiscal Inspection Report no. F-MM 160 of 30 March 2016 and for the additional profit tax for 2009 
and related accessories, maintaining the other provisions of the appealed sentence and rejecting the 
appeals  declared  by  the  defendants  D.G.R.F.P.  Cluj-Napoca  -  Maramures  County  Administration  of 
Public Finance and the National Agency for Fiscal Administration (ANAF) against the same sentence, 
as unfounded. We mention the fact that, by the decision of 8 July 2019, the court admitted in part the 
action filed by the plaintiff Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Nord SA (currently 
DEER),  in  contradiction  with  the  defendants  D.G.R.F.P.  Cluj  Napoca  and  ANAF,  partially  annulled 
Decision no. 275/31 October 2016 regarding the settlement of the appeal, with the consequence of 
partially admitting the appeal, partially annulled the Tax Decision no. F-MM 180 of 30 March 2016 and 
the  Fiscal  Inspection  Report  no.  F-MM  160  of  30  March  2016,  respectively  regarding  the  additional 
payment obligations established in charge of the plaintiff, consisting of VAT for the period 01 December 
2009 – 31 August 2015 and their ancillary obligations, respectively interest/increase of delay and pen-
alties related to VAT, maintaining, for the rest, the contested acts, including regarding the additional 
payment obligations consisting in profit tax for the period 01 January 2009 – 31 December 2014 and 
its ancillary obligations, respectively interest/increase of delay and penalties related to the profit tax.

CORPORATE IMAGE

In 2022, Electrica climbed to the 7 place in the ranking of the most valuable Romanian brands, 
with a market value estimated at EUR 203 mn., an increase of 24.5% compared to the previous year. 
It is the highest position occupied so far by Electrica. 

In  terms  of  transparency,  Electrica  has  shown  its  openness  to  the  various  stakeholders  by 
publishing, in the last six years, sustainability reports, which contain detailed information on all com-
panies in the group. They can be found on the company’s website and have been the basis of reports 
https://www.electrica.ro/en/investors/results-and-reports/
sustainability 
on 
sustainability-reports/

issues: 

CERTIFICATIONS

In November 2022, Electrica S.A. obtained from the certification body SRAC CERT affiliated 
IQNet the recertification of the integrated Management System quality – Environment – SSM in ac-
cordance with the requirements of international reference standards SR EN ISO 9001:2015, SR EN ISO 
14001:2015 and SR ISO 45001:2018 as well as the certification of the information Security Management 
System in accordance with the requirements of the international standard SR EN ISO/IEC 27001:2018. 
The validity of the certificates is October 2025. 

In 2022, FISE also passed the audit of the external certification body for the recertification of 
the Quality - Environment - SSM Integrated Management System implemented according to the re-
quirements of the reference standards ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015 and ISO 45001:2018, successful-
ly completing it through obtaining certification.

During  2022,  the  companies  DEER  and  EFSA  completed  annual  surveillance  audits  of  the 
Quality - Environment - SSM Integrated Management System implemented according to the require-
ments of the reference standards ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015 and ISO 45001:2018, audits carried 
out by the external certification body SRAC Cert. No major non-conformities were identified.

1.2.3 Distribution segment

For the distribution segment, the significant changes in the Romanian legislation were de-

tailed at Appendix 3.1.1. Based on these changes, the expected effects refer to: 

 – GEO  no.  27/2022  regarding  the  measures  applicable  to  final  customers  in  the  electricity 
and natural gas market between 1 April 2022 and 31 March 2023: i) to cover the additional 
costs related to network losses for 2021, ANRE amends the regulated tariffs, with appli-
cability starting with 1 April 2022, and the resulting tariffs do not change between 1 April 
2022  and  31  March  2023;  ii)  the  additional  costs  financed  from  bank  loans  made  during 
the GEO period to cover the network losses are capitalized, with a duration of 5 years and 
RRR = 50% x RRR RP4; iii) the electricity costs purchased for network losses after the date 
of entry into force of the GEO will be recognized in the regulated tariffs, according to the 
ANRE methodologies; iv) the transmission and distribution tariffs will be modified accord-
ing to the costs registered until 31 March 2023, in a period of up to 5 years, after 31 March 
2023; v) producers in the portfolio of the Romanian state, have the obligation to respond 
in 5 working days with partial or total sales offers, energy purchase requests addressed by 
TSO and DSO, individually or in aggregate, directly or through dedicated platforms in the 
organized market.

 – ANRE requested through a written address to the distribution operators the transmission 
of the data for monitoring the simulation of the application of binomial tariffs for the year 
2022, with a deadline of 31 March 2023.

 – GEO no. 119/2022 for the amendment and completion of GEO no. 27/2022 regarding the 
measures applicable to end customers in the electricity and natural gas market in the pe-
riod 1 April 2022—31 March 2023, as well as for the modification and completion of some 
normative acts in the field of energy - in force starting from 1 September 2022: (i) the ad-
ditional costs with the purchase of electricity, made between 1 January 2022 and 31 August 
2023, in order to cover the NL, compared to the costs included in the regulated tariffs (and 
not  only  the  loans),  are  capitalized  quarterly,  RRR  =  50%  of  the  RRR  applicable  to  each 
periods; (ii) electricity producers have the obligation to sell electricity available for delivery 
until 31 December 2022, through direct negotiated contracts starting on 1 September 2022, 
only to electricity suppliers that have final customers in their portfolio, intended exclusively 
for consumption to them, DO, TSO and consumers who have benefited from the provisions 
of GEO nr. 81/2019; GEO no. 119/2022 was approved and amended by Law 357/2022.

 – GEO no. 153/2022 for the amendment and completion of GEO no. 27/2022 regarding the 
measures  applicable  to  final  customers  in  the  electricity  and  natural  gas  market  in  the 
period 1 April 2022-31 March 2023, as well as for the amendment and completion of some 
normative  acts  in  the  field  of  energy  and  the  amendment  of  the  GEO  no.  119/2022  for 
amending  and  supplementing  the  GEO  no.  27/2022  regarding  the  measures  applicable 
to  final  customers  in  the  electricity  and  natural  gas  market  in  the  period  1  April  2022-
31  March  2023,  as  well  as  for  the  modification  and  completion  of  some  normative  acts 
in  the  field  of  energy:  (i)  in  the  period  1  January  2023-31  March  2025  the  mechanism 
for the centralized purchase of electricity is established; (ii) OPCOM is designated as the 
sole purchaser, it buys the electricity from the planned producers and sells the purchased 

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electricity to the electricity suppliers who have contracts concluded with end customers, 
the electricity transport and system operator and the electricity distribution operators, for 
covering the own technological consumption of the networks operated by them. DO can 
buy from OPCOM through an annual/monthly mechanism 75% of the amount of NL fore-
casted and validated by ANRE at the price of 450 RON/MWh, and producers can sell to 
OPCOM through an annual/monthly mechanism 80% of the amount produced forecasted 
and validated by ANRE and Transelectrica at the price of 450 RON/MWh.

 – Proposal to modify the Investment Procedure, considering the recognition of DO invest-
ments in energy storage and production for control and NL: (i) inclusion in the category of 
justifiable  investments  of  energy  production  installations  from  renewable  sources  for  NL 
supply and control consumption from the station; (ii) the inclusion in the category of nec-
essary investments of electricity storage facilities; (iii) the possibility for DO to own storage 
facilities, by way of exception from the provisions of the Energy Law (art. 46^1 para. (1)), 
only with prior approval by ANRE; (iv) establishing the method of calculating the economic 
efficiency of investments in production/storage, to be recognized by ANRE.

1.2.4 Supply segment

The regulatory framework has undergone significant changes over the past decade, including 
the liberalization of electricity and natural gas markets, the separation of supply and distribution ac-
tivities, the implementation of the support scheme for renewable energy, the support of electricity 
prosumers and the capping of prices to final customers. 

In 2022 the electricity market was completely liberalized for all categories of customers and 
the price was established by suppliers through free market mechanisms, both for universal service 
offers and for the offers related to the competitive market. 

Regulated market

Starting with 1 November 2021, against the background of the increase in the price of energy 
and  natural  gas  on  the  international  and  national  markets,  the  energy  crisis,  as  well  as  the  effects 
caused  by  these  increases  in  the  use  of  population,  in  Romania,  a  series  of  support  schemes  have 
been applied to consumers of electricity and gas, by establishing compensation and capping schemes 
between 1 November 2021 and 31 March 2025.

Competitive market

Transactions  on  the  competitive  wholesale  market  are  transparent,  public,  centralized  and 
non-discriminatory. Participants on the wholesale market can trade electricity based on bilateral con-
tracts concluded on dedicated markets.

The following support mechanisms were implemented:
 y compensation of domestic consumers for part of the electricity bill (1 November 2021 to 31 

.

March 2022);

 y price ceiling for domestic and non-domestic consumers (1 November 2021 – 31 March 2025);
 y exemption of several types of consumers from paying regulatory tariffs and other taxes/

contributions (1 November 2021 to 31 January 2022).

The  compensated  amounts  will  be  received  from  the  National  Agency  for  Payments  and 
Social Inspection (“ANPIS”) for domestic consumers and from the Ministry of Energy for non-domes-
tic consumers. 

During the year 2022, a series of legislative changes were made, with a significant impact on 

the electricity supply activity, as follows:

 y Eliminating the capped price for electricity for domestic customers with consumption over 
255 KWh/month and limiting the application of the capped price for non-domestic cus-
tomers (limiting the quantities to which the capped price is applied, as well as the types of 
customers to whom the capping is applied prices);

 y Limiting the average purchase rate considered for determining the amounts to be recov-
ered from the state budget to 1,300 RON/MWh; with the exception of the purchase intend-
ed for supply as a last resort, where this limitation does not apply;

 y The obligation to store underground natural gas of a minimum stock of natural gas at the 
level of 30% of the amount of natural gas required for the consumption of final customers 

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from their own portfolio/own consumption;

 y The obligation of natural gas producers to sell at the price of 150 RON/MWh the quantities 

necessary to supply domestic customers/heat energy producers;

 y Between 1 January 2023 and 31 March 2025, the Centralized Electricity Purchase Mechanism 

(MACEE) is established;

 y The mechanism provides - OPCOM, as the sole purchaser, buys electricity from producers 
(electricity producers with an installed power equal to or greater than 10 MW) and sells 
the purchased electricity to electricity suppliers who have contracts with end customers, 
to the operator of the electric energy transport system and to the operators of the electric 
energy distribution system to cover their own technological consumption; the price paid 
by OPCOM to energy producers, for the quantities of electricity sold, is 450 RON/MWh, 
and the selling price of OPCOM to economic operators is also 450 RON/MWh (OPCOM has 
the right to charge market participants tariffs/commissions at the level of costs recorded 
through the organization of the centralized mechanism for purchasing electricity). In order 
to carry out the transactions, OPCOM will organize a monthly annual purchase procedure, 
as well as an additional monthly purchase procedure, for the quantities of electricity to be 
delivered in the following month; the annual and monthly quantities of electric energy are 
firm obligations of the electricity producers and economic operators for all disconnection 
intervals every month (contracts are concluded by signing, within a maximum of 3 working 
days).

Green certificates

Electricity suppliers have the legal obligation to purchase green certificates from renewable 
energy  producers,  based  on  the  annual  targets  or  quotas  established  by  law,  which  apply  to  the 
amount  of  electricity  purchased  and  supplied  to  final  consumers.  The  cost  of  green  certificates  is 
billed to final consumers separately from electricity tariffs.

The impact of the increase in energy prices

After the total liberalization of the electricity market from 1 January 2021 for all types of con-
sumers, the international context of energy markets characterized by an imbalance between demand 
and supply at the European level, combined with the energy policies developed both at the EU level 
and at the national level, it led to an increase in electricity prices. Moreover, the strong increase in 
energy prices is both the result of external factors, such as the exponential increase in the price of 
emission certificates, and of internal factors, such as the very high share of energy traded on the day-
ahead  market  (DAM).  The  entire  energy  sector  was  affected  by  the  increase  in  the  price  of 
electricity.

The difficult conditions mentioned above led to an increase in operating expenses, mainly for 
the purchase of energy for NL and for the supply activity. The unstable economic environment led to 
a decrease in the financial performance for the year 2021, but during the year 2022 the financial per-
formance improved significantly, due to the security measures for the purchase of electricity for the 
supply segment and for the distribution segment that benefits from the capitalization of additional 
costs with its own technological consumption, but without significant difficulties in collecting receiv-
ables and, consequently, paying off debts.

Due to the recent changes in the world energy market, including the EU, each member state 
of the European Union must modify its legislative framework of the energy sector in order to protect 
the interests of civil society, on the one hand, and on the other hand to ensure a balance and adequate 
functionality on the local energy market by supporting energy suppliers.

1.3. Subsequent events to the balance sheet date

Below are the relevant events that took place at the Group level in the period between the 

2022 financial year closing and the date of the present report.

 – On 20 January 2023, the Ministry of Energy, as the concessionaire, amended the conces-
sion agreement with the Electrica Group for the distribution segment to reflect that, in the 
event of early termination of the concession agreement, for any reason, the concessionaire 
would reimburse the Group the amount the current cost of purchasing electricity for own 

.

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2022 Directors’ Report

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technological consumption compared to the costs included in the regulated tariffs. 

 – On 27 January 2023, Electrica’s Board of Directors decided to establish of a new consulta-
tive committee within its structure, the Climate Governance and Public Affairs committee.
 – On  6  February  2023,  Electrica  has  closed  the  acquisition  of  the  project  company  Green 
Energy Consultancy & Investments S.R.L, having as main object of activity the production 
of energy from photovoltaic sources (ready-to-build project).

 – On  27  February  2023,  at  the  recommendation  of  the  Nomination  and  Remuneration 
Committee,  the  Board  of  Directors  decided  to  extend  the  duration  of  the  mandate  of 
Mr. Alexandru-Aurelian Chirita as interim CEO until 30 April 2023 (inclusively), under the 
same conditions as well as to extend the duration of the mandate of Mr. Stefan-Alexandru 
Frangulea as interim CFO for a period of 2 years, until 27 February 2025 (inclusively), under 
the same conditions. 

 – On 7 March 2023 the company published the Convening of the Ordinary General Meeting of 
Shareholders and Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders of Societatea Energetica 
Electrica S.A. that will be held on 27 April 2023.

 – On 7 March 2023, the company published the individual and consolidated financial state-
ments as at and for the year 2022 prepared in accordance with Order of Ministry of Public 
Finance 2844/2016, the Board of Directors’ Report for FY 2022 related to the above, as well 
as the related auditor reports. These are submitted for the approval of the Ordinary General 
Meeting of Shareholders of Electrica on 27 April 2023.

 – During the meeting held on 14 March 2023, the Board of Directors decided, at the recom-
mendation of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee, the appointment of Ms. Ioana 
- Andreea Lambru, Romanian citizen, as Chief Business Development Officer starting with 
15 March 2023, for a four-year period.

Transactions with related parties 

In 2023, until 21 March 2023, ELSA published 8 announcements, according to art. 108 of Law 
no.  24/2017,  reporting  transactions  concluded  between  EFSA  –  OPCOM,  DEER  -  OPCOM,  DEER  – 
EFSA, EFSA - Transelectrica, DEER - Hidroelectrica in this period, whose cumulated value in the case 
of each announcement case exceeds the threshold of 5% of ELSA’s net assets, calculated on the basis 
of Electrica’s latest available individual financial statements.

On 31 January 2023 ELSA published the Auditor’s report regarding the transactions reported 

in H2 2022 according to Art. 108 Law 24/2017 (R).

All these announcements and auditor’s reports can be found on ELSA’s website, at this ad-

dress: https://www.electrica.ro/en/investors/results-and-reports/current-reports-art-108/.

For more details, please see chapter 3.4 in the current report.

Treasury aspects

.

Loans related to third-parties 

Additional act no. 2 to the Loan Agreement no. 56, dated 26 October 2021, which extends 
the validity of the overdraft until 28 April 2023 and the validity of the facility for issuing 
bank guarantees until 31 December 2024.

 – On 30 January 2023, EFSA concluded with Banca Transilvania, SE Electrica SA as co-debtor, 
the Additional Act no.3 to the Loan Agreement no.11673879/02 February 2022, in amount 
of RON 190 mn., which extends the validity of the facility until 30 January 2024 and chang-
es the commercial conditions.

 – On  03  February  2023,  EFSA  concluded  with  BRD  the  Additional  Act  no.2  to  the  Loan 
Agreement  no.  17/8130/2022  dated  04  February  2022,  SE  Electrica  SA  as  co-debtor,  in 
amount of RON 220 mn., which extends the validity until 05 March 2023. 

 – On 07 February 2023 was signed the Additional Act no. 4 to the Loan Agreement no. 111 
dated 16 April 2019, for credit line and issuance of bank guarantees, in amount of RON 160 
mn., between SE Electrica SA, EFSA, SERV and BNP PARIBAS, which modifies the com-
mercial conditions. 

 – On 17 February 2023, EFSA concluded with BNP Paribas, SE Electrica SA acting as guar-
antor, the Additional Act no. 1 to the Loan Agreement no. 148 dated 24 December 2021, 
for issuing bank guarantees, in amount of RON 220 mn., which modifies the commercial 
conditions and validity of the bank guarantees.

 – On  17  February  2023,  EFSA  signed  with  ING  Bank,  SE  Electrica  SA  acting  as  guarantor, 
the Additional Act no. 4 to the Loan Agreement no. WB/C/14 dated 18 February 2022, in 
amount of EUR 34.3 mn., which extends the validity until 16 March 2024. 

 – On 20 February 2023, was signed the Credit Facility Agreement no. 49183, concluded by 
DEER and Garanti BBVA, SE Electrica SA as guarantor, a non-cash facility for the issuance 
of bank guarantee in amount of RON 103 mn. and validity 20 February 2025.

 – On 27 February 2023, was signed the Additional Act no. 6 to the Credit facility agreement 
no. 3189 dated 28 January 2020, in amount of RON 210 mn., concluded by SE Electrica SA 
and ING Bank, withing the cash pooling structure, which modifies the commercial condi-
tions and establishes the automatic renewal of the facility. At the same time, additional acts 
for  the  intraday  credit  limit,  within  the  cash-pooling  structure,  were  concluded  between 
DERR, EFSA, SERV, EEV1, SE Electrica SA and ING Bank, regarding the automatic renewal.
 – On  03  March  2023,  was  signed  the  Additional  Act  no.3  to  the  Loan  Agreement  no. 
17/8130/2022 dated 04 February 2022, concluded by EFSA and BRD, SE Electrica SA as 
co-debtor (corporate guarantee), in amount of RON 220 mn., which extends the validity 
until 02 February 2024.

 – On 13 March 2023, was signed the Additional Act no.5 to the multi-product Credit Facility 
Agreement no. 201910080129, for overdraft and issuance of bank guarantee letters, con-
cluded by EFSA and BCR, which increases the value of the overdraft limit up to RON 165 
mn.. 

 – On  17  March  2023,  was  signed  the  Loan  Agreement  no.  53747,  concluded  by  DEER  and 

BERD, SE Electrica SA as guarantor, in amount of RON 180 mn., for working capital.

Legislation

.

 – On  09  January  2023,  was  signed  the  Additional  Act  no.  2  to  the  Loan  Agreement  no. 
2022012502 concluded by DEER and BCR which extends the validity of overdraft limit of 
RON 220 mn. and the validity for issuing bank guarantees until 25 January 2024.

 – On  18  January  2023,  was  signed  the  Additional  Act  no.  4  to  the  Loan  Agreement  no. 
10091385  dated  16  December  2020  concluded  by  DEER  and  Banca  Transilvania,  which 
extends the validity of Overdraft limit until 01 February 2024, and the validity of the Facility 
for issuing letters of guarantee until 01 February 2025.

 – On 23 January 2023, was signed the Additional Act no. 1 to the Loan Agreement no.350 
dated 06 September 2022 concluded by EFSA and Alpha Bank Romania, SE Electrica SA 
as  guarantor,  in  amount  of  EUR  60  mn.,  through  which  is  added  the  movable  mortgage 
over receivables.

 – On 27 January 2023, was signed the Additional Act no.5 to the Credit facility agreement 
no. 3189 dated 28 January 2020, in amount of RON 210 mn., concluded by SE Electrica SA 
and ING Bank, withing the cash pooling structure, extending the validity until 27 February 
2023. At the same time, additional acts for the intraday credit limit, within the cash-pooling 
structure,  were  concluded  between  DERR,  EFSA,  SERV,  EEV1,  SE  Electrica  SA  and  ING 
Bank, with validity until 27 February 2023. 

 – On 27 January 2023, EFSA concluded with Raiffeien Bank, SE Electrica SA as guarantor, the 

The legislative changes with significant impact in the activity of the Electrica Group and pub-
lished in the period between the closure of the financial year 2022 and the date of this report are 
presented in Appendix A.3.2..

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2 Electrica Group

38

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2022 Directors’ Report

2.1. Organizational structure

The  Electrica  Group  is  one  of  the  main  distributors  and  suppliers  of  electricity  on  the 

Romanian market.

The main activity segments of the Group consist of the distribution of electricity to users, 
the supply of electricity to domestic and non-domestic consumers, the segment of services related 
to  external  distribution  networks  as  well  as  the  segment  regarding  the  production  of  electricity 
from renewable sources.

Currently,  the  Group  includes  the  parent  company  of  the  Group,  Societatea  Energetica 

Electrica SA (“ELSA”) and the following subsidiaries and associated entities:

 – Distributie  Energie  Electrica  Romania  S.A.  („DEER”)  resulted  from  the  merger  throu-
gh absorption of the three distribution subsidiaries Societatea de Distributie a Energiei 
Electrice Muntenia Nord (“SDMN”), Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transil-
vania Sud (“SDTS”) and Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Nord 
(“SDTN”), the last one being the absorbing company. DEER is the main electricity suppli-
er in Transilvania Nord area (Cluj, Maramures, Satu Mare, Salaj, Bihor and Bistrita Nasaud 
counties), Transilvania Sud area (Brasov, Alba, Sibiu, Mures, Harghita and Covasna coun-
ties)  and  Muntenia  Nord  area  (Prahova,  Buzau,  Dambovita,  Braila,  Galati  and  Vrancea 
counties), ensuring the service of network users by operating the installations that work 
at 0.4 kV to 110 kV (power lines, substations and transformation stations). DEER holds ex-
clusive distribution licenses for the aforementioned regions, which have a validity period 
until 2027, with the possibility of extension for a period of 25 years;

 – Electrica Furnizare S.A. („EFSA”), company whose main activity is the supply of elec-
tricity to final consumers. EFSA holds an electricity supply license that covers the entire 
territory of Romania, which was renewed in 2021 for a period of 10 years, and a license for 
carrying out the activity of natural gas supply, valid until 2022. In view the expansion of 
the economic activities of Electrica Furnizare S.A. (EFSA) in Hungary, the electricity tra-
ding license was granted by the Hungarian Energy and Public Utilities Regulatory Autho-
rity (MEKH) for Electrica Furnizare, by Decision no. H879/2022. Also, the Group holds a 
natural gas supply license valid until 2032. 

 – Electrica Serv S.A. („SERV”) starting on 30 November 2020, the company absorbed Ser-
vicii Energetice Muntenia SA („SEM”), following a merger process. SERV provides repair 
services and other related services to third parties and various services to the companies 
in the group (car rental, building rental, etc.).

 – Electrica  Productie  Energie  S.A.  („EPE”),  company  established  in  2021,  with  the  pur-
pose of acquisition and development of electricity generation projects from renewable 
sources, respectively the operation of energy generation capacities, combined with the 
development and operation of independent storage solutions that the company intends 
to develop future. On 31 March 2022, upon the recommendation of the Strategy and Cor-
porate Governance Committee, BoD ELSA decided to reposition Electrica Energie Verde 
1 SRL (EEV1) within the Group by concluding a transaction between EFSA, as the seller 
and sole shareholder of EEV1, and Electrica Production Energie S.A. (EPE), as a buyer. The 
actual transaction took place on 15 July 2022, completed by completing the legal forma-
lities at the Trade Registry Office on 21 July 2022. 

 – Sunwind  Energy  S.R.L.  („SWE”)  is  developing  the  photovoltaic  project  “Satu  Mare  2” 
with a designed installed capacity of 27 MW, located near Satu Mare and became subsidy 
on 21 March 2022 as a result of ELSA owning 60% of shares. 

 – New Trend Energy S.R.L. („NTE”) develops the photovoltaic project „Satu Mare 3”, with 
a designed capacity of 59 MW, located near Satu Mare and became subsidy on 27 May 
2022 as a result of ELSA owning 60% of shares. 

 – Green  Energy  Consultancy  &  Investments  S.R.L.  („GEC&I”)  develops  the  photovoltaic 

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project „Vulturu” with a design capacity of 12 MWp DC (peak power at the panels level) 
and 9.75 MW AC (evacuating power in the network) located in the Vulturu village area, 
Vrancea county and became subsidy on 06 September 2022 as a result of ELSA owning 
75% of shares. On 06 February 2023, ELSA bought the remaining shares up to 100%.

Table 4. ELSA’s subsidiaries

Subsidiary

Activity

Electricity distribution in 
geographical areas Transilvania 
Nord, Transilvania Sud and 
Muntenia Nord
Electricity and natural gas 
supply
Services in the energy 
sector (maintenance, repairs, 
construction)

Sole 
registration 
code

Head 
Office

% shareholding as at 
31 December 2022

14476722

Cluj-
Napoca

99.99999929%

28909028

Bucuresti

99.9998444099934%

17329505

Bucuresti

99.99998095%

Production of electricity

44854129

Bucuresti

99.9920%

Production of electricity 

19157481

Bucuresti

100%*

Electricity generation

42910478

Constanta

Electricity generation

42921590

Constanta

Electricity generation

29172101

Prahova

60%

60%

75%

Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania S.A. 
(„DEER”)

Electrica Furnizare S.A. 
(“EFSA”)

Electrica Serv S.A. 
(“SERV”)

Electrica Productie 
Energie S.A (“EPE”)
Electrica Energie Verde 
1 SRL* („EEV1” – former 
Long Bridge Milenium 
SRL)
Sunwind Energy S.R.L. 
(“SWE”)
New Trend Energy S.R.L. 
(“NTE”)
Green Energy 
Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L. 
(“GEC&I”)

Source: Electrica

*indirect shareholding - Electrica Energie Verde 1 SRL is 100% owned by the subsidiary EPE

DISTRIBUŢIE ENERGIE
ELECTRICĂ ROMÂNIA S.A.
Electricity distribution in geographical
areas Transilvania Nord, Transilvania Sud
and Muntenia Nord
Head office: Cluj-Napoca

ELECTRICA
FURNIZARE S.A.
Electricity and natural gas supply
Head office: Bucharest

.

FISE ELECTRICA
SERV S.A.
Energy services company
Head office: Bucharest

99,9%2

99,9%2

99,9%2

ELECTRICA S.A.
Head office: Bucharest

99,9%2

3
%
0
10

ELECTRICA PRODUCŢIE
ENERGIE S.A.
Production of electricity
Head office: Bucharest

ELECTRICA
ENERGIE VERDE 1 S.R.L4
Production of electricity 
Head office: Bucharest

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Table 5. ELSA’s associates

2.2. Mission, vision, values

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

Associate

Activity

Sole 
registration 
code

Head Office

% shareholding as 
at 31 December 
2022

Electrica Group substantiates its future business development by adapting to the market 

context and highlighting the specific elements of its companies. 

Crucea Power Park 
S.R.L. (“CPP”)
Foton Power Energy 
S.R.L. (“FPE”)

Source: Electrica

Production of electricity

25242042

Constanta

Production of electricity

43652555

Constanta

30%

30%

MISSION

 – Crucea Power Park S.R.L. („CPP”) develops the wind project “Crucea Est”, with a desig-
ned installed capacity of 121 MW and a projected electricity storage capacity of 60 MWh 
(15 MW x 4h), located outside the Crucea commune, Constanta county.

 – Foton Power Energy S.R.L. („FPE”) develops the photovoltaic project “Bihor 1”, with a 

designed installed capacity of 77.5 MW, located near Oradea city.

Table 6. Long term investments owned by ELSA

Company

Activity

Financial brokerage 
activities, exclusively 
insurance activities 
and pension funds (risk 
management through 
derivative products on the 
energy market)

CCP.RO 
Bucharest S.A. 
(„CCP.RO”)

Source: Electrica

Sole 
registration 
code

Head 
Office

% shareholding as at 31 
December 2022

17777754

Bucuresti

8.06%

 – On 8 December 2022, the effective subscription was made in the amount of RON 7 mn., 
equivalent to 8.06% of the share capital of the company CPP.RO Bucharest S.A. after the 
increase  of  the  share  capital,  CCP.RO  thus  becoming  a  financial  investment  owned  by 
ELSA for the long term.

Energy  –  anywhere,  anytime,  for 
anyone!  We  bring  energy  where 
people materialize their dreams.

VISION

Integrated  leader  in  the  energy  sector,  a 
significant  contributor  to  the  sustainable 
energy  transition  process  for  customers, 
the environment and communities

VALUES

(cid:31)(cid:30)(cid:29)(cid:28)(cid:27)(cid:26) –  we  are  the  partner  you  can 
rely on, now and in the future.

(cid:25)(cid:24)(cid:23)(cid:22)(cid:21)(cid:27)(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:21)(cid:26) –  we  build  with  skill. 
We  are  proud  of  the  role  our  work 
gives us within society.

.

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(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:16)(cid:21)(cid:27)(cid:15)(cid:26)– we are always careful with the 
safety  of  our  employees,  collaborators 
and the communities in which we work.

(cid:18)(cid:29)(cid:28)(cid:27)(cid:17)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:27)(cid:15)(cid:26) –  our  solutions  are 
long  term  and  friendly  for  the 
enviroment as well as for the people.

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2.3. Key elements of the 2019 – 2023 Corporate 
Strategy

The  Corporate  Strategy  for  the  period  2019-2023,  which  reflects  the  Board  of  Directors’ 
vision of the management of activities in the stakeholders’ best interest, both on a medium and a 
long-term horizon, has been formulated after an analysis of the following areas:

 – the  external  environment,  to  determine  the  main  environmental  factors  affecting  the 
electricity market and the key drivers that can significantly influence the evolution of the 
electricity market in the future;

 – industry analysis, in order to identify trends in the electricity market, assess the market 
attractiveness  and  determine  the  critical  success  factors  necessary  for  competing  and 
surviving in this market;

 – internal  analysis  of  the  Group,  to  assess  its  past  and  current  performance  (relative  to 

other market players).

Electrica Group remains dedicated to ensuring the balance between generating value for its 
customers  and  maximizing  profit  for  shareholders,  strengthening  its  position  in  the  market  while 
expanding into complementary segments, within a culture of ethics, integrity and sustainability.

Governance and investor relations remain priorities for the Group, aiming the constant im-
provement and the implementation of best practices in corporate governance and investor relations 
areas.

For the 2019-2023 period, the Group’s strategic objectives were updated in 2022 and repre-

sent the main directions to which the current activities are aligned:

 – Increase in market value Electrica SA - sustainable increase in the price of electricity sha-

re and inclusion in relevant market indices (local and international);

 – Business expansion in other complementary segments – electricity production, electricity 

storage and international expansion for production and supply areas;

 – Maximization of performance in managed infrastructure – streamlining the business in the 
area of electricity distribution for the current regulatory period (RP4) and RP5 preparati-
on, while optimizing the cost structure;

 – Integrated leader  of energy services and solutions - market strategy revised in the dy-
namic context of the energy sector and capitalization of client portfolio through sales of 
energy services with added value;

 – Agilization and digital transformation of the business – increased capacity to adapt and 
react to the context of the sector, digital transformation of the business and capitalization 
of all synergies in the group.

In addition to the traditional areas of interest, namely the electricity distribution, electricity 
supply and natural gas and energy services, there is a high interest for the development of new ac-
tivites, based on innovative technology, while continuing to monitor and analyze the opportunities 
for growth through mergers and acquisitions. Also, a closer relationship with the clients is pursued, 
based on the development of competencies, as well as on an offer of products and services in line 
with their needs.

In order to ensure the implementation of the strategic plan for the period 2019-2023, the 
company’s  HR  strategy  aims  to  provide  the  qualified  human  resources,  necessary  to  support  the 
initiatives that ELSA has proposed for the next period, considering an emphasized dynamic of the 
labor market. Thus, the HR strategy aims to ensure staff to increase operational performance and 
achieve  the  strategic  objectives  of  the  Group,  modernizing  the  organization  by  implementing  an 
organizational culture having as central elements excellence and safety, for staff and collaborators, 
modernizing the employer image and implementing a coherent system for performance manage-
ment and employee evaluation.

Also, an important role will be played by the optimization of the IT&C support functions and 
and  alignment  with  industry-specific  trends  and  solutions.  In  this  context,  beyond  the  processes’ 
digitization and their integration in IT platforms, the development of smart grids, the smart meters’ 
integration in the rhythm of their implementation plan, support for the operationalization of prosu-
mers  etc.  are  provided  in  the  distribution  area.  In  the  supply  area,  the  development  of  a  custo-
mer-friendly interface, the automation of contracting, reporting, and invoicing processes and data 
exchange with all Romanian distributors are critical elements supported by IT&C in order to provide 
strategic advantages to the Group’s business segments.

The  improvement  of  the  corporate  governance  framework  is  continued,  closely  following 
the Corporate Governance Action Plan established with EBRD starting with 2014. It was approved 
the establishment of the Climate Governance and public Policy Committee to prepare the framework 
for the implementation of initiatives to help meet the EU’s zero greenhouse gas emissions target by 
2050 and ensure the long-term resilience of the Group’s companies, from the perspective of the 
potential structural changes in the business environment resulting from climate change.

Distribution segment

In the distribution segment, the organizational transformation process, started since 2017, 
has been developed and implemented, through the operationalized initiatives, measures aiming the 
efficiency and continuous improvement of the activity.

Moreover,  at  the  end  of  2019  the  implementation  of  the  newly  approved  strategy  at  the 
Group level was initiated - through the perspective of the megatrends that mark the energy industry 
(decarbonisation,  decentralization,  digitalization),  which  reveals  a  significant  transformation  pro-
cess,  accelerated  internationally,  but  initiated  nationally,  also.  The  economic  context  at  national 
level, which brings additional pressure on the regulated activities, and the strategic priorities assu-
med in the field of energy urgent the need for transformation also at the level of electricity distribu-
tion companies, these becoming one of the important pillars for the transformation of the energy 
system. The need and principles for transforming the business model were analyzed in detail from 
the perspective of several implementation scenarios - from individual optimization to the legal mer-
ger of the three distribution operators. The latter, achieved at the end of 2020, through the propo-
sed organizational model and the initiation of the legal post-merger integration program, is likely to 
create the premises for compliance with the current requirements of the framework that has been 
in a special dynamic lately, ensuring medium-term operational efficiency, preparing the organizati-
on for the challenges related to the energy transition and capitalizing on new medium and long-
term business opportunities.

The year 2021 represented the year in which the foundations of the new approach were laid 
in terms of reorganizing the business and organizational model, which were established - in a broad 
conceptual and operationalization effort - the target objectives, as well as the method and tools to 
be used for the current year and the next 2 years, the implementation being started in several areas: 
(i) the unified target organizational chart; (ii) reviewing and optimizing the processes - as a whole, 
but also within specific Centers of Excellence, prioritized for implementation depending on the im-
pact in the operational area and the interaction with the client; (iii) the identification and application 
of  those  initiatives  and  optimization  measures  that  would  lead  to  the  strict  compliance  with  the 
targets approved by ANRE regarding the operational and personnel expenses for the distribution 
service; improving the model of analysis and monitoring of the results obtained compared to the 
established targets, with the application of a more agile approach (iv) IT&C technology area - with 
a decisive role in transforming the company, as a whole and in implementing all defined projects, as 
part of the program.

Following the application, starting with 1st January 2022, of the new unified target organi-
zation  chart,  through  which  all  structures  in  the  area  of    strategic  activities  (asset  management, 
energy  management,  integration  program  management,  IT&C,  strategic  project  management), 

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2022 Directors’ Report

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financial and support were reunited under a unique coordination at the level of the company resul-
ting from the merger - Distributie Energie Electrica Romania SA (DEER), in the coming years will 
continue  the  process  of  adaptation  and  continuous  technology  improvement  of  processes  and 
support, as defined by the approved Strategy for the distribution segment. 

The geopolitical crisis of 2022, generated by the invasion of Ukraine by Russia, which led to 
the sharp increase in energy prices both in Romania and in other European countries, brought into 
attention the need to reduce own technological consumption, streamlining operational costs and 
providing sources of financing for future investments.

In the same context, in response to the difficulties and disruptions in the global energy mar-
ket, the European Commission developed in March 2022 the REPowerEU Plan for energy saving, 
clean  energy  production  and  diversification  of  energy  sources,  supported  by  financial  and  legal 
measures to build the new infrastructure and energy system Europe needs. Following the policies 
developed at the European Union level, for the next period, an increase in production from renewa-
ble sources is expected, including the number of prosumers, the development of electric transport, 
the introduction of flexibility services, which make it necessary to increase the investments for mo-
dernization, automation and digitalization of distribution networks.

For financing investments in the distribution segment, both own sources and European fun-
ding  programs  will  be  used,  which  are  opportunities  for  modernizing  networks  and  transforming 
them into smart networks, this will be reflected both in improving network resilience and in increa-
sing operational efficiency. 

Supply segment

In 2022, the strategy of the previous year was preserved, the company focused on increa-
sing the profitability of the client portfolio by developing specific measures to increase customer 
satisfaction through portfolio restructuring and through competitive and dynamic purchasing stra-
tegies in the context of a volatile and unpredictable energy market. The traditional electricity supply 
offer  has  also  been  complemented  with  combined  electricity  –  gas  and  value-added  services 
packages. 

In 2022, EFSA continued to implement the measures identified to transform the company 
into an organization capable of successfully responding to current and future energy market challen-
ges  including  improving  the  financial  situation,  improving  the  NPS,  defining  a  competitive  trade 
program, improving positioning and transforming the organization into a supple and agile one. 

Thus,  during  2022,  the  evaluations  continued  at  the  level  of  each  organizational  entity  in 

order to identify new necessary measures to improve the activity. 

.

Also, within the priority measures of modernization and adaptation of internal information 
systems during 2022 was made the preparation of the transition to the SAP ISU system, as well as 
the preparation of data migration, so that in 2023-2024 the implementation of the SAP ISU system 
was carried out.

Services segment

After the completion of the merger between the SERV and SEM subsidiaries on 30 November 
2020, it was necessary the developing of a new plan of measures for operational optimization, or-
ganizational and strategic repositioning of the integrated company, Electrica Serv SA. The propo-
sed  measures  are  a  complex  and  detailed  response  based  on  the  currently  crisis  situation  of  the 
company, in terms of losses suffered in 2020 and 2021. The plan contains an in-depth multicriteria 
analysis of the company’s activities and highlights the underying causes of the deteriorating finan-
cial situation. The measures included in the recovery plan aim at aligning costs with revenues, retur-
ning the company to positive financial results and staff restructuring, with the ultimate goal of in-
creasing  labor  productivity  by  eliminating  production  flow  dysfunctions  and  redundancies  in  the 
decision-making  process.  The  recovery  plan  also  overviews  the  strategic  repositioning  of  the 

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company by developing and consolidating new activities that will serve both the companies within 
the Group and companies outside it. 

The main directions for the development of the SERV subsidiary for the following period are:
 y restoring the operational staff structure and redefining priorities on business lines;
 y reduction of general administration expenses, production costs, material, service and la-

bor costs;

 y continue to implement the plan for the recovery of unused assets;
 y significantly  improving  the  way  assets  are  managed,  by  renting  or  selling  “non-essen-

tial”/”non-core” assets;

 y continue the development with EFSA of projects for the execution of new activities: In-
stallation of B2B/B2C photovoltaic plants, reactive energy compensation, electricity sup-
ply stations, smart metering solutions;

 y creation  of  a  structure  of  qualified  personnel  for  the  construction  works  installation  of 

photovoltaic power plants,

 y reducing additional labor costs by distributing existing staff correctly and efficiently;
 y efficiency of maintenance works and compliance with the conditions imposed so that the 

result leads to “zero penalties”.

Ethics remains a priority for the organization, as a preliminary requirement for the sustaina-
ble development of the Electrica Group. On medium term, it is desired the development of an ethics 
culture within Electrica Group, by moving from the reactive stage to the integrity stage, by interna-
lizing the ethical standards and the values of the organization, understanding the ethics role as a 
value enhancing factor and providing a permanent internal control system which involves the entire 
company’s personnel.

The CSR activites still remain very important for the Electrica Group, with multiple key areas 
being supported, with hundreds of projects registered annually to benefit from Electrica’s support. 

Also, an important role will be played by the optimization of the IT&C support functions, 
they will have an increasingly important role for the base business lines; IT&C takes over the respon-
sibility of capitalizing on the synergies, but also of supporting the specific competencies that offer 
strategic advantages to the business units. In this context, beyond the processes’ digitization and 
their integration in IT platforms, the development of smart grids, the smart meters’ integration in 
the rhythm of their implementation plan, support for the operationalization of prosumers etc. are 
provided in the distribution area. In the supply area, the development of a customer-friendly inter-
face, the automation of contracting, reporting, and invoicing processes and data exchange with all 
Romanian  distributors  are  critical  elements  supported  by  IT&C  it  is  an  activator  of  competitive 
advantages.

2.4. Outlook 

The first quarter of 2022 was under the influence of public health events (COVID-19 pande-
mic declared by the WHO on 11 March 2020) and the impact of these events on the economic and 
social environment. Starting with 9 March 2022, Romania is no longer on alert due to COVID 19, so 
the restrictions in the alert state later became recommendations. 

Electrica Group activates in a key economic sector and therefore is closely monitoring both 
the national and the international context, in order to make the best decisions in the following peri-
od and for addressing the challenges on the short and medium term. 

Globally, the budgets of countries where the number of pandemic infestations is high and 
economic sectors such as services, production, transportation, as well as commerce and internatio-
nal trade are affected, all these elements influencing the energy demand, the consumers’ behavior, 

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as well as the measures taken by the authorities, both for the energy sector and for the economic 
environment in general.

The current strategy of the Electrica Group is built on a set of trends and assumptions, and 
the acceleration of digitalization is one of its objectives. Thus, it will continue the efforts already 
started to support investments in IT tools and automation, both for streamlining processes and for 
increasing the performance of its distribution networks.

Considering the energy policies developed at both EU and national level, as well as the in-
ternational  context  of  the  energy  markets,  the  following  trends  are  expected  to  characterize  on 
medium and long term the local electricity market:

 – Competition  between  players  on  the  electricity  supply  market  in  terms  of  diversifying 
the portfolio of products offered to customers with a focus on the value-added products 
offered  (especially  energy  efficiency)  and  digital  services  offered  (mobile  applications, 
invoices and online payments, expanding customer service through chat solutions);

 – Customers whose current supplier can no longer provide the electricity and/or contrac-
ted natural gas (bankruptcy, loss of license granted by ANRE, etc.), will be ensured the 
delivery of energy by the supplier of last resort in accordance with the legal provisions.

 – In the electricity distribution area, the regulatory trend is to provide remuneration to the 
distribution operator considering both the quality of the service, as well as the operatio-
nal costs and efficiency based on comparative analysis between DSOs. An element that 
affects and will continue to significantly affect the profitability of distribution companies 
is the increase in the purchase price of NL, a situation which was partially regulated by 
the entry into force of: (i) Government Emergency Ordinance no. 118/2021 regarding the 
establishment of a compensation scheme for the consumption of electricity and natural 
gas for the cold season 2021-2022, (ii)Government Emergency Ordinance no. 27/2022 on 
the measures applicable to final customers in the electricity and natural gas market be-
tween 1 April 2022 and 31 March 2023, as well as for the modification and completion of 
some normative acts in the energy field, (iii) EMERGENCY ORDINANCE no. 119/2022 for 
the amendment and completion of GEO no. 27/2022 regarding the measures applicable 
to end customers in the electricity and natural gas market in the period April 1, 2022—
March 31, 2023, as well as for the modification and completion of some normative acts 
in  the  field  of  energy,  (iv)  EMERGENCY  ORDINANCE  no.  153/2022  for  the  amendment 
and completion of GEO no. 27/2022 and the amendment of GEO no. 119/2022, as well as 
for the modification and completion of some normative acts in the field of energy, ANRE 
approved by ANRE Order no. 129/2022 Methodological norms for the recognition in tariffs 
of additional costs with the purchase of electricity to cover own technological consump-
tion compared to the costs included in the regulated tariffs;

 – Regulation (EU) 2022/1854, regarding an emergency intervention to address the problem 
of high energy prices, provides for a maximum threshold of 180 Euro/MWh for solar, nu-
clear, hydro, wind and lignite production, incomes above this threshold will be collected 
by the state;

 – Electricity distributed generation technologies will determine the distribution operators to 
adapt their processes and strategies regarding the upgrade and development of the ne-
twork and to offer solutions to the independent producers, considering the appearance of 
prosumers, which are active participants in the energy market; in this context, significant 
investments are necessary in order to improve both the transmission and the distributi-
on infrastructure. The recent high price for electricity will increase the interest of consu-
mers to independently produce some of the energy consumed, which is an acceleration of 
trends in this regard. Significantly reducing the costs of photovoltaic technologies is a de-
velopment opportunity for smaller scale generation projects, especially in the home area;

 – On  the  long  term,  full  electric  vehicles,  light  commercial  vehicles  and  electrification  of 
railways  are  expected  to  increase  the  consumption  of  electricity  in  the  transportation 
sector;

 – Future development of technologies will support energy efficiency policies such as:

 – Development  of  transmission  and  distribution  networks,  including  smart  grid  and 

smart metering;

 – End-use energy efficiency (thermal integrity of buildings, lighting, electric appliances, 

motor drives, heat pumps etc.);

 – The smart metering implementation will offer complex tariffs options to the consumers, 
detailed  information  regarding  the  consumption  profile,  which  might  lead  to  increased 
flexibility and demand reduction during peak periods. Thus, the consumers shall be bet-
ter informed and involved in decision-making process, as active participants. The smart 
metering implementation pace depends on the implementation calendar adopted at na-
tional level;

 – The development of the transmission and distribution infrastructure and long-distance in-
terconnection will become a necessity. The electricity market target model, which implies 
the development of Europe’s internal electricity market, will continue to evolve and be in 
line with future trends and challenges in the energy industry.

Table 7. The key drivers of changes in the electricity market

Key drivers

Description

GDP evolution 
and industry 
structure

Demographic 
evolution and 
technology 
development

International geo-
political context

Changes in 
regulatory 
framework

The  economic  growth  is  a  determinant  factor  of  electricity  demand.  Although  there 
is  not  a  one-to-one  relationship  between  GDP  growth  rate  and  electricity  demand 
growth rate, there is a positive correlation, mainly between the industrial demand for 
electricity  and  economic  growth.  In  the  future,  household  and  industrial  electricity 
demand will also be influenced by energy efficiency policies.

In  contrast  with  the  demographic  decline  recorded  at  EU  and  Romanian  level,  the 
electricity  consumption  is  positively  impacted  by  the  changes  in  the  consumer 
behaviour  and  the  increase  in  urbanization.  For  example,  the  massive  increase  in 
the number of connected devices and implicitly, in a less accelerated manner, in the 
electricity consumption, maintains the increasing trend of consumption.

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has massively disrupted Europe and global energy markets, 
prompting the urgent need to identify a plan to stop the EU’s dependence on imports 
of fossil fuels from Russia.
REPower EU is the EU’s response plan to this context, a plan for the period 2022-2030. 
The  REPower  EU  plan  sets  out  a  series  of  measures  to  rapidly  reduce  energy  and 
accelerate the green transition while increasing the resilience of the EU energy system.
The plan targets 4 areas: Saving, diversifying sources, accelerating the shift to clean 
energy, investment and reform.

Approved schemes to support customers in the payment of electricity/gas bills, with 
initial  application  between  1  November  2021  –  31  March  2022,  which  granted  price 
caps, compensation for household customers and exemptions for SMEs, subsequently 
extended for the period 1 April 2022 - 31 March 2025, which capped the prices applicable 
to final customers, involve the ex post recovery by suppliers of the amounts related to 
these schemes, risking affecting the supply activity in case of delays in settlement of 
amounts incurred by suppliers or their complete non-recovery if the costs recorded in 
the balancing market exceed by more than 5% the acquisition costs or if the average 
purchase price exceeds the threshold of 1,300 RON/MWh.
Also, during 2022, the new performance Standard for the electricity/natural gas supply 
activity entered into force, which will apply more demanding requirements regarding 
the quality of the supply service and the responsibility toward the customers, including 
through the obligation to automatically pay compensation to all categories of clients, 
in case of non-compliance with the established indicators.
Starting  with  1  May  2022,  the  new  rules  for  the  sale  of  electricity  produced  by 
prosumers enter into force, respectively quantitative compensation for customers with 
installed power up to 200 kW and financial compensation for customers with installed 
power  between  200  and  400  kW,  which  will  generate  a  new  demand  flow  for  this 
customer segment, but also important changes to the billing information system for 
this category of clients.

Impact on

GDP evolution 
and industry 
structure

Electricity 
consumption

Electricity 
prices

Electricity 
prices

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Key drivers

Description

Impact on

Regarding the distribution segment, in 2019 the 4th regulatory period began (2019-
2023), and ANRE approved significant changes to the Methodology for all elements 
of  the  tariff  (regulated  rate  of  return,  base  of  regulated  assets,  own  consumption 
technological, operating and maintenance costs, dynamic distribution tariffs starting 
with 2020). The methodological norms approved by ANRE in October 2022 allow the 
capitalization of the additional cost with NL compared to the price recognized in the 
tariffs.
The energy law was amended in the period 2020-2021, so that: in 2021 OD financed the 
works for connecting domestic and non-domestic customers with lengths of less than 
2.5 km, and starting with 2022, the free for non-domestic customers was eliminated. 
households, and for households the obligation to finance by OD only a connection in 
average value established by ANRE was maintained.

Energy  is  an  indispensable  resource  for  both  the  population  and  the  economic 
operators.  Thus,  the  sharp  increase  in  energy  prices  is  reflected  on  the  dynamics  of 
consumer prices, respectively on the generalized increase in inflation rates.
The  transactions  concluded  on  the  centralized  platforms  exceeded  the  threshold 
of  2.500  RON/MWh  for  the  AN  product  and  4.000  RON/MWh  for  the  short-term 
products  related  to  the  winter  period,  and  on  the  DAM  the  weighted  average  price 
doubled  compared  to  the  beginning  of  2022.  The  distribution  operators  purchase 
purchased energy for NL at a price four times higher than the ex-ante approved price 
in the distribution tariffs. In the period 1 January 2023-31 March 2025, the mechanism 
for the centralized purchase of electricity is established, and OPCOM is designated as 
the sole purchaser.

Smart networks and smart meters will create benefits for the end consumers, distribution 
operators  and  suppliers  in  terms  of  energy  efficiency,  resource  optimization  and 
network operation, implementation of demand response etc. It is necessary to prepare 
the  networks  and  to  integrate  the  distributed  resources  (storage  solutions,  micro-
grids, local production, electric machines, etc.), also considering the management of 
their impact.

Romania  has  adopted  the  EU  20-20-20  targets,  aiming  to  reduce  greenhouse  gas 
emissions, improve energy efficiency and raise the share of renewable energy. Moreover, 
the 2030 Framework provides even more ambitious targets and therefore more efforts 
are needed from governments and market players to achieve them. 
Renewable energy is the cheapest and cleanest energy available and can be generated 
domestically, reducing our need for energy imports. Energy efficiency and the use of 
renewable energy sources can enable industry to reduce the impact of market evolution. 
Energy saving is the cheapest, safest and cleanest way to reduce the repercussions of 
the trend in the energy market. In addition to energy efficiency measures, individual 
actions have a positive impact on energy bills (consumption and price level).

Electricity 
prices and 
inflation rate

Electricity 
prices and 
consumption

Electricity 
prices and 
consumption, 
regulatory 
framework

The evolution of 
the electricity 
price in the 
market

Technological 
development

Increase in 
environmental 
awareness

Source: Electrica

2.5. Key factors, directions and significant market 
trends affecting the operational results of Electrica 
Group

.

Considering  the  strategic  elements  defined  for  2019-2023  and  in  the  special  context  in 
which  the  energy  market  is  located,  the  company  analyzes  the  strategic  options  and  constantly 
updates its actions in order to face the difficult period we are going through. Efficiency measures 
were taken, including through restructuring and transformation programs of the Group’s divisions, 
staff training and development programs were carried out, business models are being made more 
efficient  and  new  business  segments  are  being  developed,  to  improve  both  the  quality  services 
offered, as well as financial performance. In 2023 a new corporate strategy will be approved and the 
most important assumptions considered for the strategy are the following:

 y The European Union maintains the objectives regarding the reduction of greenhouse gas 

emissions and the production of green energy;

 y The European energy market will receive new regulations, which, most likely, will be aimed 
at reducing the dependence of the price of electricity on the price of fossil fuels. The vol-
atility of 2022 and the distrust of market actors will slow down the uniform application of 
the new provisions;

 y Romanian GDP will have a upward and stable evolution in the medium term, even if some 

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slowdown is possible in the near future;

 y Romania will maintain its commitment to achieve the objectives of the European Green 
Pact, with an emphasis on reducing greenhouse gas emissions (55% reduction compared 
to  1990  to  2030)  and  increasing  the  production  of  electricity  from  renewable  sources 
(40% until 2030);

 y The energy mix in Romania changes significantly in the medium and long term, mainly by 

increasing the production capacity of electricity from renewable sources;

 y “Democratization of energy” determines important changes in the mode of transport and 

distribution of electricity;

 y The energy market will continue to register a production deficit both against the back-
ground of the accelerated increase in demand (caused by the electrification of transport 
and, partially, heating systems), as well as due to the environmental limitations to which 
energy production (European, regional, national) has engaged; 

 y The supply segment knows little predictable developments, with very frequent changes 
in incidental legislation, which (at least until now) diminishes competition and relativizes 
any planning scenario; 

 y Geopolitical  developments  in  the  region  will  remain  with  a  maximum  manifestation  in 

2022, but we do not exclude the possibility of escalations; 

 y Financial markets will allow access to advantageous financing sources to support compa-
nies’ investment programs, but the involvement of companies in assuming ESG practices 
will have a determined role in the success of financing.

Based on the new directions and objectives established in the 2021 Group strategy, the IT&C 
activities  within  the  group  were  reviewed  and  re-focused  on  the  key  areas  of  business  support. 
Subsequently,  the  structure  and  projects  in  the  subsidiaries  were  re-reviewed  and  accelerated  to 
achieve the optimal level of support for electricity distribution and supply activities, including auto-
mation projects, digitization, friendly and simplified interface with external and internal customers. 
Emerging  technologies,  with  an  impact  in  particular  on  the  resilience  of  IT&C  services,  are  con-
stantly evaluated and monitored in the Group and tested in pilot mode in Electrica SA. Last but not 
least, the subject of Cyber   Security and alignment with NIS requirements are monitored and conso-
lidated results at Group level.

In the distribution segment, the focus is on operational efficiency, by reducing technologi-
cal  and  commercial  losses,  optimizing  internal  processes,  ensuring  an  optimal  level  of  resources 
used, on user orientation and ensuring their satisfaction, by improving the network access and the 
quality  of  service,  on  development  of  smart  grid  technologies  and  cost  recovery.  Increasing  the 
operational performance will lead to a positive impact on the users’ experience, ensuring continu-
ous supply security, at high quality and high standard interactions with our staff. In parallel, exploi-
ting the significant optimization potential and reducing losses by streamlining the distribution ope-
rators’ activities are key factors in the optimal allocation of resources, so important in this regula-
tory period.

One of the main factors influencing the strategic decisions for the Distribution area is repre-
sented by the trend of energy market prices which negatively impacts in a significant way the cost 
of energy acquisition for network losses and for which there are no premises for comeback, with a 
significant negative impact over profitability if the method of capitalizing on the additional costs of 
the  procurement  of  electricity  for  the  NL  or  the  mechanism  for  the  centralized  procurement  by 
OPCOM of energy for the NL does not lead to the improvement of the results. 

An important factor is the alignment of strategic decisions with the 10-year development 
plan to be developed by DEER and approved by ANRE, after public consultation with all stakehol-
ders, and that will include both investment works for the production of energy from renewable so-
urces  for  NL  and  the  power  consumption  from  the  station  or  for  the  development  of  electricity 
storage facilities and the way to integrate flexibility services. 

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The year 2023 is decisive representing the reference year in which distribution operators 
will submit to ANRE approval the data for substantiating the projection of revenues and profitability 
for the fifth regulatory period 2024-2028.

The supply segment will focus on diversifying the activity through offers and services adap-
ted  to  customers’  needs,  on  operational  efficiency  through  optimized  processes  for  the  sale  and 
purchase of electricity and on customer orientation and maximizing satisfaction. The aim is to incre-
ase the natural gas supply segment, to offer value-added solutions (products and services) and to 
digitize specific operations and processes.

Please note that other factors that are not available at the report date (eg. legislation and regulatory 
provisions under disscusions etc.) or not presented above, or not considered by the Group may occur and 
may have a significant impact on the implementation and evolution of the Group’s strategy.

The regulatory framework has undergone significant changes over the past decade, inclu-
ding the liberalization of electricity and natural gas markets, the separation of supply and distribu-
tion  activities,  the  implementation  of  the  support  scheme  for  renewable  energy,  the  support  of 
electricity prosumers and the capping of prices to final customers.

In 2022 the electricity market was completely liberalized for all categories of customers and 
the price was established by suppliers through free market mechanisms, both for universal service 
offers and for the offers related to the competitive market. 

In terms of the last resort supply of electricity and natural gas, a monthly rotation system 
was introduced for the SoLR nomination that automatically takes over customers from all parts of 
the country. For this purpose, the SoLR list is established according to market share, each SoLR in 
the list being nominated one at a time, monthly, to automatically take over customers who remain 
without a supplier. In 2022, EFSA was the last-resort supplier nominated for electricity in February, 
March, July and December, and for natural gas it was the last-resort supplier nominated in September 
2022. 

The development by ANRE of the online platform for changing the electricity and natural 
gas supplier (POSF) helps the Romanian energy market to achieve the objective stipulated by the 
European legislation regarding the change of supplier in 24 hours, starting with 2026.

As regards the legislation related to prosumers, the amendment of the threshold of electri-
city installed in the renewable energy power plants belonging to prosumers, from 100 kW to 400 
kW on-the-spot consumption and the introduction of quantitative compensation has led to the in-
crease  in  the  number  of  prosumers  in  2022  and  we  estimate  a  continuous  development  in  this 
segment.

Between  1  November  2021  and  31  March  2025,  in  the  context  of  increasing  prices  on  the 
electricity and natural gas markets at international and national level, as well as the effects caused 
by  these  increases  for  the  Romanian  population,  will  be  applied,  through  the  effect  of  GEO  no. 
118/2021  with  subsequent  amendments  and  completions  and  GEO  no.  27/2022  with  the  amend-
ments and completions a series of support schemes for electricity/natural gas customers. Given the 
way in which these schemes are implemented and the mechanism for settlement of amounts gran-
ted as support to customers, ex post from the state budget to electricity suppliers, they are likely to 
generate constraints in terms of cash flow, as well as uncertainties regarding the full recovery of the 
respective amounts by the suppliers.

In this context, EFSA is reviewing its medium and long term strategy such as to manage 
responsibly and in a sustainable manner the impact of these measures on the company’s activitities, 
in this legal framework that has successive and high impact changes lately.

Evolution of purchase prices 

 y 2022 was a year characterized by a steep increase in prices for both electricity and natu-

ral gas, with historical trading highs.

 y There have been recorded increase over 130%, from 550 RON/Mwh energy trading price 
in DAM in 2021 to over 1.300 RON/Mwh trading prices in DAM in 2022. A similar increase 
was also recorded in the trading prices in term markets. 

 y As a result of the coupling of markets in the region, the wholesale electricity market trad-
ing prices aligned with those in the region, being directly influenced by the increase in 
natural gas trading price amid the conflict in Ukraine.
 y The main casues that favored the increase of prices:
 y The  fluctuation  in  the  trading  prices  of  carbon  allowances,  having  reached  a  historical 

maximum price of about 100 EUR/certificate in August 2022; 

 y The increase in the price of natural gas from 500-600 RON/MWh in 2021 to 1,200-1,300 
RON/MWh in 2022, with a direct impact on the increase in the production cost of power 
plants using natural gas as fuel; 

 y Lack of investments in new production capacities;
 y Acute liquidity shortage on electricity and natural gas markets, as a result of legislative 
changes and the reintroduction of bilateral contracts negotiated directly since Septem-
ber 2022, with a direct impact on the transparency of transactions on markets;

 y Introduction of a mechanism for overtaxation of revenues from the trading of electricity 

and natural gas.

The impact on customers

The impact on customers in the dynamic internal and international context: 
 y Accelerating  and  optimizing  the  implemented  digitalization  and  developing  synergies 
with the national platform of change supplier, by adapting and homogenizing the pro-
cesses for optimizing the relationship with customers;

 y Adapting to the internal context created by the liberalization of energy prices, as well as 

to the international one, causing supply fluctuations;

 y Context influenced by the support measures granted both to domestic consumers and to 

economic agents;

 y Maximizing the results obtained from the development of the partnership relationships in 

the dynamic context created by liberalization;

 y Modernization of several customer service centers including Bucharest, Jibou.

.

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52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 Electrica on the capital markets

54

55

3 Electrica on the capital 

markets

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

3.1. Ownership structure

Until July 2014, the Romanian State, through the Ministry of Economy, Energy and Business 
Environment, was the sole shareholder of ELSA. As of 4 July 2014, after the Initial Public Offering, the 
Company’s  shares  are  listed  on  the  Bucharest  Stock  Exchange  (BSE  –  ticker  EL),  and  the  Global 
Depositary Receipts are listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE – ticker ELSA). 

Subsequently, a secondary public offer took place, which ended on 3 December 2019, during 
which a total number of 208,554 new shares were subscribed, with a nominal value of RON 10 and a 
total nominal value of RON 2,085,540. 

As of 31 December 2022, the ownership structure according to the Central Depository recor-

ds (Romanian: Depozitarul Central) is presented below.

Table 8. Ownership structure

Shareholder

Number of shares

Stake held
(% of the share capital)

Percent of voting 
rights (%)

The Romanian State, through the 
Ministry Energy, Bucharest, Romania
The European Bank for Reconstruction 
and Development

Electrica SA

BNY MELLON DRS, New York, USA

Other legal entities*

Individuals

TOTAL

Source: Central Depository, Electrica 

169,046,299

48.7948%

49.7850%

17,355,272

6,890,593

2,164,816

131,170,892

19,815,725

5.0096%

1.9890%

0.6249%

37.8621%

5.7198%

5.1112%

-

0,6375%

38.6305%

5.8358%

346,443,597 

100.0000%

100.0000%

Note 1: Shares with voting rights - 339,553,004, representing the total number of shares (346,443,597) without the number 
of own shares held by Electrica (6,890,593), for which the voting right is suspended

* Paval Holding, NN Group NV and Allianz SE hold, directly or indirectly, between 5% and 10% of the total number of shares 
with voting rights

The shares presented to be held by the Bank of New York Mellon represent the global depo-
sitary receipts (GDRs) owned by ELSA shareholders that are traded on the London Stock Exchange 
(LSE). A global depositary receipt represents four shares. The Bank of New York Mellon is the depo-
sitary bank for these securities.

Following the stabilization process after the June 2014 IPO, ELSA owns 6,890,593 of its sha-
res, representing 1.989% of the total share capital at 31 December 2022, with suspended voting ri-
ghts, which does not entitle ELSA the right to receive dividends. 

Figure 21: Ownership structure as of 31 December 2022

(cid:27)(cid:23)(cid:30)(cid:20)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:23)(cid:25)

At the end of 2022, ELSA’s shares were owned by a total of 11,951 shareholders, of which 257 
legal entities and 11,694 individuals from 22 countries. 91.12% of the total number of shares (315,674,667 
shares) were owned by investors with residence in Romania. Thus, foreign shareholders held 8.88% 
of the share capital (30,768,930 shares), the largest weight being represented by European citizens. 
Shareholders in the United Kingdom and Ireland held 5.30% of share capital, while those in the USA 
held 1.02%, in this category being included also the GDRs holders. 

3.2 Shares evolution on BSE and Global depository 
receipts (GDRs) evolution on LSE

3.2.1 BSE shares

ELSA’s  shares  are  included  in  several  BSE  indices,  including  the  BET  index  (the  reference 
index for the Romanian capital market reflecting the performance of the most traded companies on 
the BSE’s regulated market), as well as in the BET-NG index (the sectorial index that reflects the evo-
lution of the companies listed on BSE’s regulated market having as main activity energy and related 
utilities).

Between 4 July 2014 - 31 December 2022, ELSA’s shares recorded a minimum price of RON 
6.10 (29 September 2022) and a maximum price of RON 14.96 (12 May 2017), therefore the weighted 
average price was RON 11.6. 

The gross dividends per share granted by ELSA in this period reached a cumulative value of 
RON 5.6817. Thus, the aggregate yield generated by ELSA’s shares (along with dividends) from the 
IPO and until the end of 2022 was 25.20%, of which -26.45% from share evolution and +51.65% from 
dividend yield.

From the IPO dated 4 July 2014 until the end of 2021, ELSA shares attracted RON 4.07 bn. 
liquidity on BSE, with a daily average of RON 1.9 mn. During this period of about 9 years, 349.36 mn 
ELSA shares have been traded (including DEAL transactions), representing 100.8% of the share ca-
pital  and  102.9%  of  the  voting  rights  (total  shares  without  ELSA’s  own  shares).  Thus,  the  average 
daily turnover during this period on BSE was of 162,949 shares.

The gross dividend per share granted by ELSA in 2022 (for 2021) was RON 0.45, below those 
granted in the previous years, with a yield of 5.2% (computed at the ex-date closing price from 24 
May 2022).

During 2022, ELSA shares attracted a liquidity of RON 144.8 mn. on BSE, with a daily average 
of RON 0.6 mn., dropping by 33% compared to 2021, the fourteenth in top trading data on BSE. The 
volume of shares traded was 17.33 mn, dropping by 1.8% compared to 2021, so the daily average vo-
lume was of 68,762 shares. The total volume of shares traded in 2022 accounted for 5.0% of the share 
capital. 

.

.

(cid:22)(cid:30)(cid:20)(cid:24)(cid:26)(cid:23)(cid:25)

The Romanian State 
through the Ministry of Energy

Individuals

Other legal entities

EBRD, UK

Electrica SA

Bank of New York Mellon (DRS - LSE)

In order to support the liquidity of its listed shares, ELSA concluded at the end of 2022 two 
Market Making services for Issuer agreements, with SSIF BRK Financial Group S.A. and WOOD & 
Company Financial Services, a.s. Praga, for two years, starting 1 January 2023, with the main purpose 
of accessing the FTSE Russell international indices.

Thus, in January 2023 (the first month of activity of the two liquidity providers), Electrica 
shares met the liquidity criteria, recording a median monthly volume of 78,705 shares, 3% above the 
minimum threshold, while the capitalization criteria was easily met, by substantially exceeding the 
minimum thresholds for free-float (+75%) and total shares (+115%).

In January 2023, Electrica shares registered a total liquidity of RON 12 mn., the 9th highest in 
the market, with 1.43 mn. shares traded, with an average daily turnover of 71,465 shares, 4% above 
the average turnover from 2022.

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(cid:31)(cid:30)(cid:29)(cid:28)(cid:27)(cid:26)(cid:25)
(cid:24)(cid:30)(cid:26)(cid:23)(cid:26)(cid:31)(cid:25)

(cid:22)(cid:30)(cid:31)(cid:31)(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:25)

(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:30)(cid:23)(cid:29)(cid:28)(cid:24)(cid:25)

Source: Central Depository, Electrica 

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57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.2.2 Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) on the LSE:

Figure 22: Evolution of the adjusted closing price of ELSA’s shares vs BET-TR index during 2022 and 
January 2023

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

The GDRs’ weight in ELSA’s total share capital diminished during the period following the 
Initial Public Offering, reaching a level of 0.62% at the end of 2022, compared to 10.17% at 4 July 
2014.

The maximum price reached by the GDRs was USD 15.3, in September 2014 and the mini-
mum price was USD 5.25 on 9 November 2022. Subsequently, the GDRs’ price followed a fluctuating 
trend. During 2022 the trend was a downward one, ending 2022 at a price of USD 5.90, dropping by 
34% compared to the end of 2021 (USD 9.00).

In the period since the IPO and until the end of 2022, 12.7 mn. GDRs have been traded, out 

of which 55,452 GDRs in 2022. In January 2023, 1,000 GDRs were traded.

A summary of the previous mentioned aspects is found in following table. 

Table 9. BSE Shares and Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) on LSE

Indicator

4 Jul 2014 -
31 Dec 2022

2022

2021

Variation
2022 vs 2021

Bucharest Stock Exchange

Total liquidity (RON)

Average daily liquidity 
(RON)

Turnover (no. shares)

Average daily turnover (no. 
shares)
Market cap. - end of period 
(RON)

Minimum price (RON)

Maximum price (RON)

Average price (RON)

Price at the end of period 
(RON)
ELSA Share price 
performance (%)

BET performance (%)

BET-NG performance (%)

Dividend(s)

ELSA’s Dividend(s) 
yield1 (%)
BET-TR Dividend(s) 
yield2 (%)
ELSA’s Adjusted price 
performance (%)3

BET-TR performance (%)

London Stock Exchange

ELSA’s GDRs liquidity 
(USD)
ELSA’s GDRs turnover (no. 
of GDRs)
GDRs price performance 
(%)

4,069,591,167 

144,828,599 

217,148,556 

1,898,130 

574,717 

349,362,690 

17,327,927 

861,701 

17,645,021 

162,949 

68,762 

70,019.92 

2,802,728,700 

2,802,728,700 

3,478,293,714 

6.10 

14.96 

11.65 

8.09 

-26.5%

66.30%

20.80%

5.6817

51.65%

129.80%

25.20%

196.10%

6.10 

11.02 

8.36 

8.09 

-19.4%

-10.70%

-4.98%

0.45

4.48%

8.85%

-14.94%

-1.85%

9.80 

14.10 

12.31 

10.04 

-20.00%

33.20%

-29.41%

0.73

5.82%

6.80%

-14.18%

40.00%

162,596,021

427,357

443,931

12,487,482

55,452

35,878

-56.81%

-34.44%

-28.00%

-33.33%

-33.33%

-1.8%

-1.8%

-19.4%

-37.8%

-21.8%

-32.1%

-19.4%

-

-

-

-38.4%

-22.9%

30.1%

-

-

-3.7%

54.6%

-

1 Computed at the previous periods’ last day close price (for comparability)
2 Adjusted at ex-date with the annual value of the dividend/share
3 Computed together with dividend(s) granted during the analyzed period 

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EL: -13.55%
BET-TR: 2.15%

10.00

5.00

0.00

-5.00

-10.00

-15.00

-20.00

-25.00

-30.00

-35.00

-40.00

ia n.-2 2

fe b.-2 2

m ar.-2 2

a pr.-2 2

m ai-2 2

iu n.-2 2

iul.-2 2

a u g.-2 2

se pt.-2 2

o ct.-2 2

n o v.-2 2

d e c.-2 2

ia n.-2 3

BET-TR

Electrica adjusted price with dividends

Source: BSE, Electrica

During 2022, Electrica’s share price was negatively impacted, especially, among others, by 
the “absorption” by its distribution and supply subsidiaries of the inflated prices on the energy mar-
ket, with an impact on the quarterly financial results from the first half of the year, which were felt on 
the stock market through a sharp drop to almost -35% of the adjusted price of ELSA, with 23 percen-
tage points below the level of the BET-TR index, also affected by several external factors. Later, after 
the implementation of measures for faster collection by electricity suppliers of the subsidies granted 
by the State to compensate for price differences on the energy market, as well as legislative changes 
regarding the treatment of additional costs with the purchase of energy to cover technological los-
ses (NL) by the distribution companies, Electrica recorded a significant improvement in the financial 
results at Group level, and these were felt in the share price through an improvement of more than 21 
percentage points, up to -13.55% at the end of January 2023, faster than the market (BET-TR), which 
recovered by about 13 percentage points from the end of September 2022 to the end of January 
2023, when it reached +2.15%, compared to the level at the beginning of 2022, as can be seen in the 
two charts.

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Figure 23: Monthly trading volume and weighted average monthly closing price of shares on BSE (in RON) 
and GDRs on LSE (in USD) during 2022 and January 2023

2022 a score of 10 on Vektor – investor communication indicator for companies listed on the stock 
exchange.

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

3,008,775

 3,500,000

 3,000,000

 2,500,000

 2,000,000

1,495,713

1,471,084

 1,500,000

 1,000,000

 500,000

 -

 12.00

 11.00

 10.00

2,512,179

2,252,989

1,862,760

 9.00

8.42

1,429,127

 8.00

943,533

 7.00

6.67

822,771

797,172

785,761

732,200

642,990

147,144

0

25,672

0

5,760 2,880

400

3,208 14,440

0

22,304

0

4,000

ia n.-2 2

fe b.-2 2

m ar.-2 2

a pr.-2 2

m ai-2 2

iu n.-2 2

iul.-2 2

a u g.-2 2

se pt.-2 2

o ct.-2 2

n o v.-2 2

d e c.-2 2

ia n.-2 3

 6.00

 5.00

BSE - Shares - Monthly volume

LSE - GDRs - Monthly volume (shares equiv.)

BSE - Shares - Average monthly closing price (RON)

LSE - GDRs - Average monthly closing price (USD)

Source: BSE, LSE, Electrica

3.3. Investor relations (IR)

As every year, in 2022 ELSA’s management team continued to be involved in activities for 

investors and analysts. 

During the year 2022, four teleconferences were organized to present the annual, quarterly 
and half-yearly financial results of the Group. The events have been streamed live through webcasts, 
both the supporting documents and the webconference recordings can be accessed on the com-
pany’s website, under the section Investors > Results and Reports. 

In ELSA 2019-2023 strategy, updated in April 2022, one of Electrica’s strategic objectives is 
to increase the market value, and in this sense, Electrica aims for a 10% better share yield in 2022-
2026 than the one delivered in the period 2014-2021 (ca. 7%) as well as an evolution of the share 
price by 5% above the comparable group in the period 2022-2025.

In order to achieve these goals, the company proposed to increase its liquidity in order to 
enter the FTSE Russell international indices. In order to implement some measures to boost the inte-
rest of investors and the liquidity of Electrica shares, in order to reach the criteria for inclusion in the 
FTSE Russell international index series, with a positive impact on the market value of Electrica SA, 
our company concluded at the end of 2022 a contract with two market makers with experience and 
results on the Romanian market.

Another strategic objective for the period 2019-2023, updated in April 2022, is the increase 
in market value. In order to achieve this goal, we proposed in the IR strategy, among other things, 
increasing the presence and activity in the capital market. For this purpose, a partnership was signed 
with BURSA DE VALORI BUCURESTI S.A., for the period December 2022-December 2024, to incre-
ase the company’s visibility, attract investors and analysts, giving them access to the tools and analy-
zes that the BSE Research Hub makes available to partners, through the online portal, www.bvbre-
search.ro. It contains fundamental analysis and market information about issuers listed on the BSE as 
well as shareholders’ access to global ESG trends that are defining in the current evolution of the 
capital markets. Currently, 11 brokers, BSE partners produce analysis reports, which include an initia-
tion report and quarterly or half-yearly updates.

3.4. Related parties transactions

ELSA has the obligation to report the significant transactions concluded by ELSA or its sub-
sidiaries with related parties, as per art. 108 of law no. 24/2017. “Significant transaction” means any 
transfer of resources, services or obligations, whether or not it involves the payment of a price, the 
individual or cumulative value of which represents more than 5% of ELSA’s net assets, according to 
the latest individual financial statements published by ELSA (in 2022, there were two references: on 
31 December 2021 - RON 206,175,420 and on 30 June 2022 – RON 199,059,726). 

The  44  announcements  related  to  these  type  of  transactions,  out  of  which  34  announce-
ments published by ELSA in 2022 and 10 announcements published until 21 March 2023 can be found 
on 
the  company’s  website,  at  https://www.electrica.ro/en/investors/results-and-reports/
current-reports-art-108/.

3.5. Dividends policy

ELSA’s dividend policy, updated in May 2022, can be accessed on the company’s website 

Among the conferences that took place during 2022 and were attended by ELSA’s represen-

under section https://www.electrica.ro/en/investors/results-and-reports/current-reports-art-108/ .

tatives, we mention:

 y 3 March 2022, WOOD Conference (online) – Romania Investor Day 
 y 15-16 September 2022, WOOD Conference (Bucharest) – Romania Investor Day

In  2022  ELSA  continued  to  be  associate  member  of  the  Romanian  Investors  Relations 

Association (ARIR), being involved in numerous ongoing projects of the association.

To  inform  stakeholders  correctly,  continuously,  and  transparently,  the  Investor  Relations 
Department has disseminated a large number of current reports and anouncements on the platforms 
of the Bucharest Stock Exchange (BSE), the London Stock Exchange (LSE), the Financial Supervisory 
Authority (ASF and FCA), as well as on ELSA’s website. All these documents can be accessed on the 
company’s website, under Investors section > Results and Reports.

All the actions taken during 2022, as well as the plans for the following years, have as main 
objective  the  achievement  of  the  best-in-class  investor  program,  increasing  the  transparency  and 
quality of communication with investors and analysts, constantly driving shareholders’ retention and 
satisfaction.  Evidence  of  the  recognition  of  these  efforts  was  ELSA’s  positioning  in  the  top  listed 
companies in terms of transparency and communication in investor relations, by obtaining also in 

ELSA’s dividends are distributed from the annual net distributable profit based on the annual 
individual audited financial statements, and/or from other items of equity (e.g. retained earnings) set 
up at the level of the Company, after their approval by ELSA’s Ordinary General Shareholders’ Meeting 
(OGMS) and the approval of the dividend proposal by the OGMS. The shareholders receive dividends 
proportionally to their share in the company’s paid-up capital. The company will pay all dividends in 
RON.

Regarding the global deposit receipts that are traded on the London Stock Exchange, ELSA 
pays dividends to the GDRs issuer proportionally to its holdings. Holders of GDRs will then receive 
dividends from the GDR issuer, proportionally to their holdings.

In selecting a certain dividend pay-out ratio according to the dividend policy, the Board of 

Directors takes into consideration the following:

 y Reducing the fluctuations in dividend yield from one period to the next, as well as the ab-

.

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2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

solute dividend per share value; 

 y Electrica’s investment needs and opportunities;
 y Contributions of non-monetary items to net reported profit; 
 y Financial resources available for dividends payment as well as Electrica’s indebtedness; 
 y Dividend yield comparable to other listed companies in the industry or related sectors.

The dividend distribution rate from the distributable profit of the Electrica group subsidiaries 
will be consistent with the dividend policy in force. The dividends paid by the Group’s subsidiaries to 
ELSA in year N (related to year N-1 results) are recorded as finance income in ELSA’s individual finan-
cial statements in year N and thus constitute the source of the net result from which ELSA declares 
and subsequently pays dividends to its shareholders in year N+1 (related to the result of year N).

The payment of dividends is subject to the general provisions on prescription (by reference 
also to the incidence of the provisions of art. 2554 of the Civil Code regarding the extension of the 
term). Thus, the payment of dividends that are not claimed within three years from the approved 
date of their payment will be prescribed and they can be kept by the Company.

3.6. Dividend distribution

 The dividends distributed1 by ELSA fluctuated in the period 2014 - 2021, between RON 152.8 
mn. and RON 291.6 mn., and the dividend payout ratio2 was 96% in 2014, 100% each year between 
2015-2017, 87% in 2018 (RON 35.57 mn. was distributed to “Others reserves”), 100% in 2019, 87.5% in 
2020.

The  dividend  payout  ratio  for  2021  was  50%  (RON  152.9  mn.  was  distributed  to  “Others 

reserves”).

Figure 24: Gross dividends distributed (2014-2021) (RON mn.)

244.7

291.6

251.4

245.4

247.5

246.1

247.9

152.8

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Source: Electrica

.

6.1%

Figure 25: Gross dividend per share (RON) and dividend yield (%)

6.9%

6.8%

6.9%

7.3%

5.2%

6.0%

5.2%

0.7217

0.8600

0.7415

0.7237

0.73

0.7248

0.73

0.45

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Source: Electrica

The yield of the dividend paid in 2022, for the 2021 results, recorded a level of 5.2%, the gross 
dividend per share paid in 2022 being RON 0.45. The dividend yield (%) is calculated as Gross divi-
dend per share/Closing share price on BSE at ex-date.
1 The dividends refer to each financial year indicated and are paid in the following year.
2 The dividend distribution rate is calculated as gross dividends/Net profit distributable on dividends, where Net profit dis-
tributable on dividends is net profit according to ELSA’s individual financial statements, except for mandatory distributions 
to legal reserves.

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Thus, Electrica continues to offer investors a stable return, which is at a level between 5.2% 

and 7.3% for each year in the period 2014-2021.

More  details  about  dividends  and  their  distribution  can  be  found  on  the  website:  https://

www.electrica.ro/en/investors/shares-and-shareholders/dividende_en/ .

3.7. Own shares

In July 2014, ELSA bought back for price stabilization purposes, 5,206,593 ordinary shares 
and 421,000 Global Depositary Receipts, equivalent of 1,684,000 shares. The total amount paid for 
acquiring the shares and Global Depositary Receipts was RON 75.4 mn. There were no changes in the 
number of the treasury shares until the date of the report.

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4 Corporate Governance in ELSA

64

65

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

ELSA confers a great importance to the principles of good corporate governance, conside-
ring corporate governance a key element for the sustainable business growth and for the enhance-
ment of long-term value for shareholders.

ELSA constantly develops and adapts its corporate governance practices and model, both 
at  standalone,  as  well  as  at  Group  level,  so  that  it  can  align  with  the  increasingly  rigorous  capital 
market requirements and with the best practices in corporate governance at European level, and also 
for creating opportunities and increase competitiveness. 

The corporate governance represents the set of principles standing at the basis of the gover-
nance framework used for the company’s management and control. Transposed in the internal rules 
and regulations, these principles determine the efficiency and effectiveness of the control mecha-
nisms aiming to protect and harmonize the interests of all the stakeholders – shareholders, directors, 
executive managers, managers of different structures of the company, employees and the organiza-
tions  that  represent  their  interests,  customers  and  business  partners,  suppliers,  central  and  local 
authorities, regulators and capital markets operators etc. 

ELSA’s Code of Corporate Governance presents primarily the main work methods, attributi-
ons and responsibilities of the management and supervisory structures of the company, as well as 
those of the committees constituted to support these structures to fulfil their responsibilities.

ELSA undertook, from the moment of the IPO and admission to trading from July 2014, the 
implementation of a corporate governance action plan, as part of the framework agreement conclu-
ded  with  the  European  Bank  for  Reconstruction  and  Development.  The  standards  and  measures 
provisioned in this plan have been implemented and continuously monitored. For more details about 
this Action plan, please see chapter 4.9.

4.1. Corporate Governance Code

Starting  with  2014,  ELSA  adheres  to  and  applies  wilfully  the  provisions  of  the  Corporate 
Governance Code issued by BSE, reviewed periodically. This code can be accessed on the BSE’s we-
bsite at the following address: http://www.bvb.ro/Regulations/LegalFramework/BvbRegulations.

In order to ensure high standards of corporate governance, transparency and business inte-

grity, ELSA also applies provisions of the LSE’s Corporate Governance Code. 

Formally,  ELSA  adopted  the  Code  of  Corporate  Governance  (ELSA  CGC)  starting  with 
February 2015 and made it available to all the interested parties on ELSA’s website, in the section 
Investors > Corporate Governance.

In 2020, the chapter 6 of the CGC ELSA regarding the risk management system was revised; 
in July 2020 the amended ELSA CGC was published on the company’s website and is available in the 
section Investors > Corporate Governance.

ELSA’s  compliance  with  BSE’s  Corporate  Governance  Code  is  being  thoroughly  assessed, 
and as updates and developments appear, ELSA promptly reports them to the capital market. The 
compliance with the provisions of the CGC issued by the BSE is presented annually in the Declaration 
on Corporate Governance “apply or explain” in Chapter 4.8. This is also available on the company’s 
website in the section Investors > Corporate Governance > Comply or Explain.

ELSA CGC embeds the general principles and conduct rules that set forth and regulate the 

corporate values, the responsibilities, the obligations and the business conduct of the company.

ELSA CGC contains the terms of reference and the main responsibilities of the company’s 
administrative and executive management, as they are detailed in ELSA’s Articles of Association, the 
organization and functioning regulations of the Board of Directors and those of its committees. 

ELSA CGC is also a guide on business conduct and corporate governance matters for the 
management and for the employees of ELSA, as well as for other stakeholders, and provides infor-
mation about the company’s principles and policies. The corporate policies and documents referred 
to  in  ELSA  CGC  can  be  accessed  on  the  company’s  website  in  the  section  Investors  >  Corporate 
Governance > Corporate policies and other documents.

During  2022  the  following  corporate  documents  have  been  revised  and  published  on 
Electrica’s website: Remuneration Policy for Directors and Executive Managers – on 6 May 2022, the  
Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct – on 1 January 2022, Policy on Organizing and Running the 

General Meetings of Shareholders – on 17 August 2022, and the Articles of Association – on 12 October 
2022.

Based on the principles set out in the Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct, corroborated 
with the need to comply with legal provisions in force, ELSA has adopted, starting with 15 December 
2021 and entering into force on 1 January 2022, the Policy for preventing, combatting and sanctio-
ning  of  any  type  of  workplace  harassment.  This  corporate  policy  can  be  found  on  the  company’s 
website in the section Investors> Corporate Governance> Policies and other corporate documents. 

In compliance with company’s policies and with the procedures of the Code of Ethics and 
Professional Conduct, the Audit and Risk Committee ensures that the company’s activity is carried 
on with honesty and integrity, including the implementation of the whistle-blower policy. 

ELSA has implemented a procedure for reporting ethical deviations, irregularities and any 
other aspects of non-compliance with the law that otherwise could cause image and/or commercial 
prejudice or even involve legal sanctions, thus damaging the prestige and profitability of the com-
pany. The whistle-blowing reporting system which functions according to this procedure, as well as 
the procedure itself, are available on ELSA’s website, in the Whistleblowing section. 

Since  ELSA’s  shares  are  allowed  for  trading  both  on  the  regulated  market  managed  by 
Bucharest Stock Exchange (BSE), as well as on the market managed by the London Stock Exchange 
(LSE),  ELSA  is  subject  to  the  rules  imposed  by  the  national  and  European  laws  regarding  market 
abuse prevention and the regime applicable to inside information. Thus, ELSA has implemented a 
Policy on preventing the misuse of inside information, unauthorized disclosure of inside information 
and market manipulation (Policy regarding Market Abuse). The purpose of this policy is to prevent 
violations of the legal provisions regarding the misuse of inside information, by increasing the awa-
reness of all persons who possess inside information regarding the obligations, restrictions and sanc-
tions  applicable  in  case  of  possession  and  abusive  use  of  inside  information  or  in  case  of  market 
manipulation regarding ELSA’s securities.

All the owners of financial instruments of the same type and class issued by ELSA are enti-
tled to equal treatment. In order to ensure efficient, active and transparent communication with its 
shareholders, within ELSA activates the investor relations department and related processes have 
been set up to ensure efficient and transparent communication with investors, in compliance with 
the legal obligations in force, which can be found in the Investor Relation Corporate Disclosure Policy, 
applicable at ELSA level, available, in the updated form, on the company’s website since 25 August 
2020. The company’s rules and procedures that establish the framework for organizing and conduc-
ting general meetings of shareholders are contained in ELSA’s GMS Policy, amended on 25 August 
2020  and  available  electronically  on  the  company’s  website  in  the  sections  Investors  >  General 
Meeting  of  Shareholders  and  Investors  >  Corporate  Governance  >  Corporate  policies  and  other 
documents.

The section dedicated to investors is available on ELSA’s website by accessing https://www.
electrica.ro/en/investors/.  Up-to-date  essential  information,  of  interest  for  the  investors,  can  be 
found in this section, providing access to documents governing the company, in accordance with the 
provision of the CGC issued by BSE. This section also contains the name and contact details of the 
person who can provide, upon request of interested parties, relevant information regarding the acti-
vity of the company.

4.2. General Meeting of ELSA’s Shareholders

The  General  Meeting  of  Shareholders  (“GMS”)  is  the  main  corporate  governance  body  of 
ELSA, deciding on the items as outlined in the Articles of Association. The convening, functioning, 
voting  method,  as  well  as  other  provisions  regarding  the  GMS  are  detailed  in  ELSA’s  Articles  of 
Association, which is available in electronic format on ELSA’s website https://www.electrica.ro/en/
the-group/about/constitutive-act/.

Starting with 1 February 2020, ELSA has in place a policy on organizing and conducting the 
general meetings of shareholders of the company, which presents in detail aspects of interest for 
investors regarding the way of organizing and carrying out the GMS. It was updated in August 2022, 
it is extended by the introduction of electronic vote. The policy is available on the company’s websi-
te, under the section Investors > Corporate Governance > Corporate Policies > Policy on Organizing 
and Running the General Meetings of Shareholders.

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ELSA’s ordinary general meeting of the shareholders (OGMS) has the following main duties:

a. to appoint and revoke the members of the Board and establish the level of their remune-

ration and other rights according to the legal provisions;

b. to establish the income and expenses budget, to set out the activity schedule;
c. to establish the income and expenses budget consolidated at the group level;
d. to  discuss,  approve  or  amend  the  annual  financial  statements  according  to  the  reports 

submitted by the Board and the financial auditors;

e. to approve the profit distribution according to the law and to establish the dividend; 
f.  to decide on the management activity of the directors and on the discharge of liability, in 

accordance with the law; 

g. to decide to file legal actions against the directors, managers as well as financial auditors 
for  damages  they  caused  to  the  Company  by  breaching  their  obligations  towards  the 
Company;

h. to decide on mortgaging or leasing or closing of one or more units of the company;
i.  to appoint and revokes the financial auditor and to set the minimum term of the financial 

audit contract; 

j.  approves the Remuneration Policy for Directors and Managers (appointed by the board 

of directors);

k. approves the Remuneration Report for Directors and Managers (appointed by the board 

of directors);

l.  approves the overall limit of all Managers’ (appointed by the board of directors) remune-

ration and remuneration of Board members;

m. 

to carry out any other duties set out by the law.

ELSA’s extraordinary general meeting of the shareholders (EGMS) shall decide on the following:

a. withdrawal of the preference right of shareholders upon subscription of new shares issued 

by the Company;

b. contracting any type of loans, debts or obligations representing a loan, as well as creating 
real or personal security related to these loans, in each case in accordance with the com-
petence limits provided in Annex 1 to the Articles of Association;

c. operations  regarding  the  acquisition,  alienation,  exchange  or  creation  of  encumbrances 
over fixed assets of the Company whose value exceeds, individually or cumulated, during 
any financial year, 20% of the total fixed assets, less receivables and rentals of tangible as-
sets, for a period of more than one year, whose individual or cumulative value compared to 
the same co-contractor or persons involved or acting in concert exceeds 20% of the total 
value of fixed assets, less receivables at the date of conclusion of the legal act, as well as 
associations over a period of more than one year, exceeding the same value;

d. leases of tangible assets for periods longer than one year, whose individual or cumulated 
value towards the same co-contractor or involved persons or with whom it acts in concert 
exceeds 20% of the fixed assets value, less receivables at the time of entering in the rele-
vant operation, as well as joint ventures in excess of the same value and with a duration of 
over one year;

e. approving investment projects in which the Company will be involved in accordance with 
the competence limits provided in Annex 1 to these Articles of Association, other than the 
ones provided in the annual investment plan of the Company;

f.  approving the issuance and admission to trading on a regulated market or on a multilateral 
trading facility of shares, depositary certificates, allotment rights or other similar financial 
instruments; approving the competencies delegated to the Board;

g. changing the legal form;
h. relocation of the registered office;
i.  changing the main or secondary business objects;
j.  increasing the share capital, as well as decreasing the share capital, according to the law;
k. the merger or the separation;
l.  the dissolution of the Company;
m. 

carrying out any bond issuance, as per the provisions of art. 10 of the Articles of Asso-

ciation, or conversion of a category of bonds in a different category or in shares;

n. approving the conversion of preferential and nominative shares from one category to ano-

ther, according to the law;

o. any other amendment to the Articles of Association;
p. approval of the eligibility and independence criteria with respect to the Board members;
q. approval of the corporate governance strategy of the Company, including the corporate 

governance action plan;

r.  donations within the limits of the competence provided in Appendix 1 to these Articles of 

Association; and

s. approves granting of intragroup loans with a value of more than EUR 50 mn. per operation;
t.  any other decision that requires the approval of the extraordinary general meeting of the 

shareholders.

The OGMS is convened at least once a year, within a maximum of four months from the end 
of the financial year. Except for this situation, OGMS and EGMS are convened as many times as nee-
ded, being convened by ELSA’s Board of Directors whenever necessary for the activity of Electrica 
Group. The GMS may be convened also, upon the request of shareholders representing, individually 
or cumulatively, at least 5% of the share capital. In this case, the general meeting of the shareholders 
shall be convened by the Board of Directors within no more than 30 days and shall meet within no 
more than 60 days from the date of receiving the request.

4.3. Shareholders’ rights

The rights of all ELSA’s shareholders, independent of their holdings, are protected according 
to the relevant legislation. Shareholders have, amongst other rights provided under the company’s 
Articles of Association and the laws and regulations in force, the right to obtain information about 
ELSA’s operations and results, regarding the exercise of voting rights and the voting results in the 
GMS. 

Shareholders have also the right to participate and vote in the GMS, as well as to receive di-
vidends. Except for the shares owned by ELSA following the stabilization after the IPO in 2014, there 
are no shares without voting rights. There are no shares granting the right to more than one vote. 

Moreover, shareholders have the right to challenge the decisions of GMS or to withdraw from 
ELSA and to request the Company to acquire their shares, in certain conditions mentioned by the 
law. Likewise, one or more shareholders holding, individually or jointly, at least 5% of the share capi-
tal, may request the calling of a GMS. Those shareholders have also the right to add new items to the 
agenda of a GMS, provided that those proposals are accompanied by a justification or a draft reso-
lution proposed for approval and copies of the identification documents of the shareholders who 
make the proposals. 

The rights and obligations of the holders of the shares, as extracted from ELSA’s Articles of 

Association, are: 

 – Each share subscribed and fully paid in by the shareholders, in accordance with the law, 
grants the shareholders (i) the right to one vote in the general meeting of the sharehol-
ders, (ii) the right to elect the management bodies, (iii) the right to participate to the profit 
distribution, as well as (iv) other rights provided by these Articles of Association and by 
the legal provisions; 

 – The acquisition of the property right over a share by a person, directly or indirectly, has 
as effect the obtainment of the capacity of shareholder of the company together with all 
rights and obligations deriving from this capacity, in accordance with the law and the Ar-
ticles of Association;

 – The rights and obligations deriving from the shares are transferred to the new acquirers 

together with the shares; 

 – When a nominative share becomes the property of several persons, the transfer shall be 
registered only if they appoint a sole representative for exercising the rights derived from 
the shares; 

 – The obligations of the company are secured by its social patrimony, and the liability of the 

shareholders is limited to the subscribed share capital;

 – The shareholder that has, in a certain operation, either personally or as representative of 
another person, an interest contrary to the interest of the company, must refrain from de-
liberations regarding the respective operation.

The exercise of the rights by the holders of the depositary certificates1 is realized as follows:
 – The rights and obligations related to the underlying shares based on which the depositary 
certificates were issued are exercised by the holders of the deposit certificates, proporti-
onally to their holdings of deposit certificates and taking into account the conversion rate 
between underlying shares and the deposit certificates;

 – The holder of the depositary certificates issued based on the underlying shares has the 

1 According to ELSA’s Articles of Association reflecting the dispositions of Law no. 24/2017 on issuers of financial instruments 
and market operations. 

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capacity  of  shareholder  within  the  meaning  and  for  the  application  of  Law  24/2017  on 
the issuers of financial instruments and market operations. The issuer of the depositary 
certificates is fully responsible for informing the holders of the depositary certificates in a 
correct, complete and timely manner, observing the provisions of the issuance documents 
of the depositary certificates, about the documents and the informative materials related 
to a general meeting of shareholders, as made available to the shareholders by the Com-
pany.

 – In order to exercise its rights and obligations related to a general meeting of shareholders, 
a holder of deposit certificates will send to the entity where it has opened its account for 
deposit  certificates  the  voting  instructions  for  the  topics  on  the  agenda  of  the  general 
meeting of the shareholders, so that the respective information is sent to the issuer of the 
depositary certificates;

 – The issuer of the deposit certificates votes in the general meeting of the shareholders of 
the company in accordance with and within the limits of the instructions of the holders of 
the deposit certificate which have this quality at the reference date;

 – The issuer of the deposit certificates may cast different votes for certain underlying sha-
res in the general meeting of the shareholders than those expressed for other underlying 
shares;

 – The issuer of the deposit certificates is fully responsible for taking all necessary measures, 
so that the entity which keeps the records of the holders of the deposit certificates, the 
intermediaries involved in the custody services for holders of the deposit certificates on 
the  market  where  the  deposit  certificates  are  traded  and/or  any  other  entities  involved 
in recording the holders of the deposit certificates, to send the voting instructions of the 
holders of the depositary certificates related to the topics on the agenda of the general 
meeting of the shareholders;

 – Any reference date for the identification of the shareholders which have the right to take 
part and to vote in the general meeting of the shareholders of the Company and any re-
gistration date for the identification of the shareholders which have rights deriving from 
their shares, as well as any other similar date set by the Company related to any corporate 
events of the Company will be established in accordance with the applicable legal pro-
visions and with a prior notice sent with at least 15 free calendar days (in Romanian, zile 
calendaristice  libere)  to  the  issuer  of  the  deposit  certificates,  in  the  name  of  which  the 
underlying shares are registered based on which the deposit certificates mentioned above 
are issued. The reference date will be prior with at least 15 working days to the deadline 
for submitting the power of attorney related to the vote.

Transfer of shares

The shares are indivisible. The company shall recognize a sole owner per each share, subject 

to the provisions of article 11 paragraph (4) from Articles of Association. 

The partial or total transfer of shares between the shareholders or to third parties shall be 
carried out according to the terms and procedure provided by the applicable legal provisions, inclu-
ding the capital markets legislation. 

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4.4. ELSA’s Board of Directors 

ELSA  adopted  a  one-tier  (unitary)  corporate  governance  system,  in  accordance  with  the 
principles of good corporate governance, transparency and accountability towards its shareholders 
and other categories of stakeholders, aiming to support and drive the business development and the 
efficient exchange of relevant corporate information.

The Board of Directors (BoD) is responsible for taking all the necessary measures to carry 
out, as well as to supervise the activity of the company. Its structure, organization, duties and respon-
sibilities are established under the Articles of Association and the Charter (organization and functi-
oning regulations) of the BoD.

According  to  the  provisions  of  the  company’s  Articles  of  Association,  starting  with  14 
December  2015,  the  BoD  is  composed  of  seven  non-executive  directors,  elected  by  the  Ordinary 
General Meeting of Shareholders of the company for a four-year mandate, out of which four must 
meet the criteria of independence provided by the Articles of Association.

During 2022, the Board of Directors’ structure has undergone changes, as follows:
 – At the beginning of the year, the BoD consisted of the following members: Mr. Iulian Cris-
tian Bosoanca – Chairman, Mr. George Cristodorescu, Mr. Radu Mircea Florescu, Mr. Gicu 
Iorga, Mr. Adrian-Florin Lotrean, Mr. Dragos-Valentin Neacsu and Mr. Ion-Cosmin Petrescu; 
 – The members of the Board re-elected Mr. Iulian Cristian Bosoanca as Chairman of the BoD 

starting with 01 January 2022 and until 31 December 2022; 

Table 10. Members of the BoD in 2022

No

Name

Term of office (until 
27 April 2025)

Status

Starting date of the 
first mandate

1.

2.

Mr. Iulian Cristian Bosoanca

4 years

Mr. George Cristodorescu

4 years

3. 

Mr. Radu Mircea Florescu

4 years

Chairman, non-executive 
director 
non-executive director, 
independent
non-executive director, 
independent

29 April 2020

28 April 2021

7 February 2019

4. 

Mr. Gicu Iorga

4 years

non-executive director 

1 May 2017

5.

6.

7.

Mr. Adrian-Florin Lotrean

4 years

Mr. Dragos-Valentin Neacsu

4 years

non-executive director, 
independent
non-executive director, 
independent

28 April 2021

28 April 2021

Mr. Ion-Cosmin Petrescu

4 years

non-executive director

28 April 2021

Source: Electrica

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section Investors > Corporate Governance > Board of Directors.

Below are presented the most relevant aspects regarding the professional experience of 

the BoD members.

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ELECTRICA S.A. - DIRECTORS' REPORT 2022

Dragos-Valentin Neacsu

Non-executive Director

(between 2009-2019), Non-executive member 
of CEC Bank S.A Board (between 2005-2006), 
Non-Executive member of the Bucharest Stock 
Exchange  Board  of  Governors  (2001-2005), 
Independent  Non-Executive  Member  of  the 
Board  of  FINS  IFN  SA  (2018-present),  Board 
Member  of  the  Romanian  Business  Leaders 
Foundation  (2017-present),  member  of  the 
Board of “Merito” educational project.

He is part of the first generation (1994-1995) of 
the  Romanian-Canadian  MBA  Program,  coo-
peration of UQAM and McGill Canadian univer-
sities,  together  with  Academy  of  Economic 
Studies  in  Bucharest  and  holds  a  BA  in  Civil 
Engineering 
Technical  University 
Bucharest (1989).

from 

Dragos- Valentin Neacsu is a non-executive, in-
dependent director since 28 April 2021, Chair of 
the  Climate  Governance  and  Public  Policy 
Committee and member of the Audit and Risk 
Committee. 

Mr. Neacsu has an extensive professional expe-
rience  in  the  field  of  investment  management 
and financial markets, currently holding the po-
sition  of  independent  member  of  the  Board, 
member of the Audit Committee and Chairman 
of  the  Appeals  Commission  of  the  Bucharest 
Stock Exchange S.A., as well as the position of 
independent member of the Board of Directors 
at  Depozitarul  Central  S.A.  Mr.  Neacsu  is  also 
the CEO of the GS1 Romania Association, part 
of a global network of 115 not-for-profit organi-
zations, with an activity focused on elaborating 
and promotion of coding systems, serialization 
and traceability in business communication.

Until October 2019, Mr. Neacsu held the positi-
on of Chief Executive Officer, Chairman of  the 
Board of SAI Erste Asset Management SA, pre-
viously  being  Director,  Financial  Advisory 
Services of Deloitte Consultancy SRL. Between 
February-September  2005  he  was  State 
Secretary  Minister,  Head  of  State  Treasury 
within the Ministry of Public Finance. Between 
July 1998 and February 2005, he held the posi-
tion  of  President  –  CEO  of  SSIF  Raiffeisen 
Capital & Investment S.A.

Among  other  relevant  positions  held  by  Mr. 
Neacsu:  Member  of  the  Board  of  Governors 
EFAMA (European Fund and Asset Management 
Association,  between  2013-2016),  Romania’s 
representative  in  multilateral  financial  instituti-
ons (Council of Europe Bank (BDCE), Black Sea 
Trade  and  Development  Bank  (BSTDB)),  Vice-
president and then President of the Romanian 
Association of Asset Managers (AAF, between 
2008-2016),  founding  member  and  first  Vice 
President of the Board of Romanian Association 
for  Privately  Managed  Pension  Funds  (APAPR 
in  2004),  Independent  non-executive  member 
of the Supervisory Board of BCR Pensii, Private 
Pension  Fund    Management  Company  S.A. 

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Ion-Cosmin Petrescu

Non-executive Director

Ion-Cosmin  Petrescu  is  a  non-executive  director 
since 28 April 2021, member of the Nomination and 
Remuneration Committee.

Mr.  Cosmin  Petrescu  holds  an  extensive 
professional  experience  in  business  development, 
sales  and  management,  Mr.  Cosmin  Petrescu 
presently activates in FNGCIMM, where he leads the 
activity  of  IT,  State  Aid  and  Reporting  Divisions. 
Cosmin Petrescu is also the President of the working 
groups  dedicated  to  the  program  IMMINVEST 
ROMANIA  and  for  the  relation  with  the  European 
Bank of Reconstruction and Development.

Starting  February  2021,  he  holds  the  position  of 
Adviser within the Chancellery of the Prime Minister, 
on digitization issues.

Previously, starting with the year 2001, Mr. Petrescu 
held different positions within companies acting in 
the  Oil  &  Gas  sector  where  he  demonstrated  his 
competences  in  business  process  optimisation 
(Lean Management).

Three consultative committees support the activity of the BoD, respectively the Nomination 
and  Remuneration  Committee,  the  Audit  and  Risk  Committee  and  the  Strategy  and  Corporate 
Governance Committee, each of them composed of three directors and chaired by one of them. The 
majority  members  of  the  Nomination  and  Remuneration  Committee  and  of  the  Audit  and  Risk 
Committee, as well as their Chairs, are independent directors. 

The consultative committees’ members are elected for a period of one year. Changes in the 
composition of the committees during this period may intervene with the vacancy of a Board posi-
tion. The organization, duties and responsibilities of each committee are set under ELSA’s Articles of 
Association,  respectively  in  the  committee  Charters  and  in  the  Company’s  Corporate  Governance 
Code.

The composition of the committees during 2022, as it follows: 

01 January – 31 December 2022

Nomination and Remuneration Committee:

 – Mr. Adrian-Florin Lotrean – Chairman;
 – Mr. Radu Mircea Florescu – Member; 
 – Mr. Ion Cosmin Petrescu – Member

Audit and Risk Committee:

 – Mr. Radu Mircea Florescu - Chairman;
 – Mr. Dragos-Valentin Neacsu – Member; 
 – Mr. Iulian Cristian Bosoanca – Member. 

Strategy and Corporate Governance Committee:

 – Mr. Gicu Iorga - Chairman;
 – Mr. George Cristodorescu – Member; 
 – Mr. Adrian-Florin Lotrean – Member. 

At the issue date of this report, the composition of the BoD Committees is as follows:

Nomination and Remuneration Committee:

 – Mr. Adrian-Florin Lotrean – Chairman;
 – Mr. Radu Mircea Florescu – Member; 
 – Mr. Ion Cosmin Petrescu – Member. 

Audit and Risk Committee:

 – Mr. Radu Mircea Florescu - Chairman;
 – Mr. Dragos-Valentin Neacsu – Member; 
 – Mr. Iulian Cristian Bosoanca – Member. 

Strategy and Corporate Governance Committee:

 – Mr. Gicu Iorga - Chairman;
 – Mr. George Cristodorescu– Member; 
 – Mr. Adrian-Florin Lotrean – Member. 

Climate Governance and Public Policy Committee:
 – Mr. Dragos-Valentin Neacsu – Chairman; 
 – Mr. George Cristodorescu – Member;
 – Mr. Iulian Cristian Bosoanca – Member.

.

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According to the available information, there is no agreement, understanding or family rela-
tion between the directors of the company and another person who may have contributed to their 
appointment as directors. 

As  of  31  December  2022,  among  the  BoD  members,  Mr.  Dragos-Valentin  Neacsu  holds  a 

number of 50 ELSA shares.

According to the available information, the BoD members were not involved in litigations or 
administrative proceedings regarding their activity within the company or regarding their capacity 
to fulfil their duties within the company in the past five years.

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4.5. The activity of ELSA’s Board of Directors and of its 
consultative committees in 2022

In 2022, the Board of Directors met 55 times; of these, 25 meetings were organized with the 
physical presence of the members, 5 were held by conference call, in accordance with Art. 18 para. 
20 of the company’s Articles of Association and 25 meetings were organized electronically.

Nelow are presented the Board members’ attendance (in person, by conference call, or by 

e-mail) in the meetings of the Board of Directors and its committees in 2022.

Table 11. Participation of the BoD members at the meetings and of the committees in 2022

Name

The Board of 
Directors
(no. of meetings 
55)

The Audit and 
Risk Committee
(no. of meetings 
- 28)

Iulian Cristian Bosoanca
George Cristodorescu
Radu Mircea Florescu
Gicu Iorga
Adrian-Florin Lotrean
Dragos-Valentin Neacsu
Ion-Cosmin Petrescu

Source: Electrica

55
47
51
53
55
54
55

28
-
28
-
-
28
-

Evaluation of the Board of Directors

The Nomination 
and Remuneration 
Committee
(no. of meetings 
- 26)
-
-
23

-

26
-
26

The Strategy 
and Corporate 
Governance 
Committee (no. of 
meetings - 33)
-
28
-
32
33
-
-

The Board evaluates annually its activity and that of its consultative Committees to identify 
areas  of  improvement,  and  to  increase  its  efficiency.  The  purpose  of  the  evaluation  is  to  provide 
members of the Board with an overview of their activity, strengths/weaknesses, performance and 
the  potential  of  collective  and  individual  development,  in  order  to  efficiently  and  effectively  fulfil 
their responsibilities as members of the Board. 

According to the established mechanism, the evaluation is conducted either with the sup-

port of a consultant or by self-evaluation. 

The Board of Directors decided, in accordance with good corporate governance practices, 
to evaluate the activity carried out and its functioning during 2022, with the support of an external 
consultant  with  international  experience,  specialized  in  the  evaluation  of  management  teams  and 
boards of directors from listed companies.

Following the evaluation, the consultant submitted to the Board of Directors a detailed re-

port with the analysis of the outcome of the evaluation process.

The Nomination and Remuneration Committee  

The Nomination and Remuneration Committee consists of three non-executive BoD mem-

bers, two of its members are independent. 

The role of the Committee is to propose candidates for the BoD, to develop and propose to 
the  Board  the  selection  procedure  of  candidates  for  the  executive  managers’  positions  and  other 
management positions, to recommend the Board candidates for these positions, to formulate pro-
posals on the managers’ and other management positions’ remuneration. 

The Committee has the following responsibilities concerning nomination matters:
 – recommends to the Board a nomination policy, including a target Board profile, the pro-
cess and principles to be considered by the shareholders when proposing candidates for 
company’s directors, and advises the Board regarding the nomination of interim directors 
in accordance with the policy;

 – reviews the implementation of the nomination policy, submits a report to the Board on its 

implementation and presents a summary of this report in the Directors’ Report;

 – advises the Board on the appointment and dismissal of the Chief Executive Officer, makes 
recommendations on the appointment and dismissal of the company’s executive manage-
ment team after consulting with the Chief Executive Officer, and makes proposals on the 
appointment and dismissal of subsidiaries’ board of directors members in accordance with 
the Group Governance Policy;

 – recommends to the Board policies in the human resources field, including those covering 
recruitment and dismissal, talent management and development and succession planning 
across the company and its subsidiaries (the Group);

 – recommends to the Board a succession policy, both for the members of the board and for 

the executive team;

 – supervises the process of annual evaluation of the effectiveness of the Council and its ad-

visory committees;

 – periodically assesses the size, composition and Committee’s structure and makes recom-

mendations to the Board with regard to any changes;

 – advises the Board on continuous skill development programmes for Board members and 

executive management;

 – oversees the nomination process of the appointment of subsidiaries’ CEOs and executive 

managers according to the nomination and remuneration policy.

The Committee has the following duties regarding remuneration:
 – advises the Board in relation to the remuneration, incentive and compensation policies of 

Previously,  the  Board  of  Directors  has  self-evaluated  its  activity  for  the  year  2021,  using  a 

the company;

questionnaire, internally developed, discussed and agreed by the Board members.

.

The members of the Board who contributed to the evaluation are: Mr. Iulian Cristian Bosoanca - 
Chairman of the BoD, Mr. George Cristodorescu, Mr. Radu Mircea Florescu, Mr. Gicu Iorga, Mr. Adrian-
Florin Lotrean, Mr. Dragos Neacsu and Mr. Ion-Cosmin Petrescu. 

The evaluation process focused on the following 11 dimensions relevant to the activity of the 

Board of Directors and the market context of Electrica SA:
 – Composition and expertise of the BoD;
 – Quality of information and materials;
 – Agenda and Board meetings;
 – Board coordination;
 – BoD committees;
 – Interactions between the BoD and the Executive team;
 – Dynamics of the interactions and processes;
 – Performance management;
 – Strategic Management and Risk Management;

 – Innovation and digitalization;
 – Sustainability;

.

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 – advises  the  Board  regarding  the  periodic  review  of  the  remuneration  policy  for  Board 

members and executive managers;

 – advises the Board in relation to the remuneration of the CEO and other executive man-
agers, including the main remuneration components, annual and long term performance 
objectives and regarding evaluation methodology;

 – makes recommendations to the Board on the remuneration of subsidiaries’ board mem-

bers and the general limits of remuneration for subsidiaries’ executive management;

 – monitors compensation trends within areas relevant to the Group;
 – oversees the remuneration process of the subsidiaries’ chief executive officer and exec-
utive managers according to the nomination and remuneration policy at the Group level;
 – verifies at least once a year the number of mandates held in other companies by the mem-
bers of the Board and by the executive managers, in order to evaluate their independence;

 – oversees the annual evaluation process of the Board of Directors’ activity.

The Nomination and Remuneration Committee met 26 times during 2022, among the main 

aspects on which the activity of the Committee focused, were the following:

 – Analysis of ELSA executive managers’ KPIs achievement for 2021 and establishing of the 
KPIs  for  2022,  along  with  the  revision  of  performance  evaluation  methodologies,  Short 
Term and Long Term;

.

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 – Supervising the evaluation process of the Board of Directors’ activity during 2022;
 – Endorsing the proposals regarding the nomination of the subsidiaries’ Board members;
 – Revision the Remuneration Policy for the Company’s Directors and Executive managers;

The Audit and Risk Committee  

The Committee is composed of three non-executive BoD members, two of them being inde-
pendent. The Committee’s composition provided the necessary expertise in finance and risk man-
agement, according to legal requirements.

The main role of the Committee is to support the Board in fulfilling its duties of verifying the 
efficiency of company’s financial reporting, internal control and risk management. While fulfilling this 
role, the Committee advises the Board regarding the assessment of the annual report and annual fi-
nancial statements, whether the documents are accurate, balanced and comprehensive and provide 
all the necessary information for the shareholders’ evaluation of the financial performance. 

The Committee has the following duties in terms of financial reporting:
 – examines and monitors the financial reporting process, the integrity of annual and inter-
im financial statements, at standalone and consolidated levels, or of disclosures made by 
ELSA and its subsidiaries;

 – reviews  press  releases  announcing  financial  or  operational  results  related  to  or  derived 
from such financial statements, as well as any financial information or earning guidance, to 
be provided to financial analysts or rating agencies, by analyzing the fairness and adequa-
cy of the content and presentation of such statements or information;

 – regularly reviews the adequacy of the Group’s accounting policies;
 – reviewes the financial forecast policy of the Company and recommends, to approval, to-

wards Board of Directors. 

 – reviews and advises the Board on whether the content of the annual report, taken as a 
whole, represents a fair, balanced and understandable account for shareholders and pro-
vides them with the information necessary to assess the Company’s performance.

Regarding  the  audit  and  internal  control  matters,  the  Committee  has  the  following 

responsibilities:

 – endorses, for the Board’s approval, the annual plan at Group level, based on the annual risk 
assessment, as well as any significant changes to the plan and receives periodic reports on 
activities, important findings and follow-up of internal audit reports;

 – periodically reviews the charter and internal audit manual and submits them to the Board, 

for approval;

 – advises the Board on the appointment, dismissal and remuneration of the Head of Internal 

Audit Department;

 – monitors the adequacy, effectiveness and independence of the internal audit function;
 – makes  recommendations  to  the  Board  on  the  appointment,  rotation  or  dismissal  of  the 

.

company’s external auditor;

 – reviews the plan, activity and findings of the external auditor; 
 – assesses the independence and objectivity of the external auditor and monitors the com-
pliance with relevant ethical and professional guidance, including the requirements on the 
rotation of audit partners;

 – monitors  the  application  of  the  legal  standards  and  generally  accepted  internal  audit 

standards;

 – endorses the internal audit reports, the recommendations made by the internal auditors 

and the plans of measures for the implementation of the recommendations;

 – performs any other activities established by the Board and the law;
 – regularly reviews the adequacy of the key internal control policies, including fraud detec-

tion and bribe prevention policies;

 – reviews the operations between affiliated parties in accordance with a policy drafted by 

the Committee and approved by the Board;

 – analyzes the annual report prepared by the Internal Audit Department and/or Risk Man-
agement, which evaluates the effectiveness of the internal control system within the Group.

.

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The Committee has the following responsibilities concerning risk management matters:
 – reviews regularly the main risks facing the company and the Group, recommending to the 
Board adequate policies for risks identification, mapping, management and mitigation;
 – monitors the main categories of risks that are recorded annually in the management re-
port in order to reduce them and to evaluate the efficiency of the risk management system 
within the Group;

 – makes recommendations to the Board on financing methods, including proposals for con-

tracting any type of loans and securities associated with these loans; 

 – makes recommendations to the Board regarding major economic transactions within the 
authority of the General Meeting of Shareholders and assesses the associated risks regard-
ing such transactions.

The  Audit  and  Risk  Committee  met  28  times  during  2022,  among  the  main  aspects  on 

which the activity of the Committee focused, being the following:

 – Analysis of the financial statements of ELSA at standalone and consolidated level for the 
financial year of 2021, as well as the financial statements of company’s subsidiaries for the 
financial  year  of  2021,  together  with  the  financial  auditor  report  and  recommendations, 
issued during the auditing process;

 – ELSA’s budget execution, the consolidated budget execution and the quarterly financial 

results;

 – Monitoring of the internal audit plan for 2022 and analysis of its achievement, as well as 
the reports submitted by the Internal Audit Department, proposing recommendations;
 – Monitoring the implementation of the recommendations made by the internal audit de-

partment;

The internal audit activity is carried out by a structurally separate organizational unit (the in-
ternal audit department), within the Company. To ensure the fulfilment of its main functions, it reports 
functionally to the BoD through the Audit and Risk Committee and administratively to the CEO.

The Strategy and Corporate Governance Committee  

The Committee is composed of three non-executive BoD members, holding the necessary 

expertise in performing the committee’s specific duties, two of them being independent. 

The Committee has the following duties in terms of strategy:
 – makes  proposals  to  the  Board  on  the  development  of  the  medium-term  strategic  plan, 
makes recommendations on the strategic direction, priorities and long term objectives of 
ELSA and its subsidiaries;

 – reviews management proposals on the Group’s consolidated annual budget, subsidiaries’ 
annual budgets, investment plans of the Group companies and makes relevant recommen-
dations to the Board;

 – advises the Board in monitoring and assessing the Group’s performance in relation to the 
approved  strategic  plan,  budgets,  investment  plans,  industry  trends,  local  and  regional 
market trends, company’s competiveness and technological advances;

 – periodically reviews the overall strategic planning process, including the process of devel-
oping the medium-term strategic plan, makes recommendations on the issues that can be 
improved in strategic planning and provides feedback to the executive management;

 – makes recommendations to the Board regarding the proposed acquisitions, divestments, 
investment projects, joint-ventures and collaboration projects, especially assessing their 
alignment with the Group’s strategy;

 – performs any other activities or assume responsibilities regarding strategic matters which 

may be delegated periodically to the Committee by the Board.

Regarding  the  tasks  of  the  Committee  on  restructuring,  they  mainly  relate  to  the 

following:

 – reviews and makes recommendations to the Board with respect to the development and 
implementation  of  the  Group’s  overall  restructuring  plans  and  objectives,  including  any 
decision regarding the conduct or efficiency of core businesses;

 – regularly reviews the organizational  structure and chart of  the company, and makes re-

commendations to the Board in this regard;

.

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 – performs any other activities or responsibilities on restructuring matters as may be peri-

odically delegated to the Committee by the Board.

Also, the Committee has duties in terms of corporate governance:
 – oversees and monitors the company’s compliance with legal and contractual obligations 
on corporate governance, as well as other applicable corporate governance principles and 
makes recommendations to the Board;

 – regularly  reviews  the  company’s  Corporate  Governance  Code,  the  Charter  of  the  Board 
of Directors and the company’s Articles of Association and makes recommendations to 
the  Board  on  relevant  amendments  to  the  company’s  corporate  governance  policy  and 
documentation;

 – submits the Group Governance Policy to the Board for approval and regularly reviews it 

thereafter;

 – reviews the company’s Delegation of Authorities policy and the company’s Delegation of 
Authority standard in order to ensure that the delegation of authorities to management 
allows for effective and efficient decision-making process, and makes recommendations 
to the Board in this respect;

 – reviews the company’s policy for corporate social responsibility and stakeholder engage-

ment, and makes recommendations to the Board in this regard;

 – makes recommendations to the Board on improving the quality of information flows to the 
Board, including the improvement of reports sent, key performance indicators presented 
to them, and guidelines for preparing Board documents and presentations;

 – drafts reports or materials related to corporate governance, upon the Board request.

During the year 2022, the Committee met 33 times, among the main aspects on which the 

activity of the Committee focused, being the following:

 – Analysis of the opportunities and the efficiency of investments in different renewable pro-

duction capacities and participation in various competitive processes in this regard; 

 – Endorsement of the amendments to the ELSA’s Articles of Association; 
 – Revision  of  the  Internal  Standard  Delegation  of  the  Authority  and  of  the  Regulation  of 

Organization and Functioning of SE Electrica SA;

 – Endorsement of the reorganization process of the Company’s personnel structure;
 – Endorsement of the Revenue and Expenditure Budget for the year 2022;
 – Endorsement of the revision of the Electrica Group Strategy for 2019-2023.

4.6. ELSA’s Executive management 

In  accordance  with  ELSA’s  Articles  of  Association,  the  Board  of  Directors  (BoD)  appoints 
and  revokes  the  CEO,  as  well  as  the  other  executives  with  mandates  and  also  approves  their 
empowerments.

The  attributions  of  the  Company’s  executive  managers  (including  those  of  the  General 
Manager) are established by the mandate agreements based on which the directors carry out their 
activity within ELSA, the internal organization and functioning regulations of ELSA and the applica-
ble legal provisions.

During the meeting held on 15 December 2021, ELSA’s Board of Directors took note of the 
expiration  on  3  January  2022  of  the  mandate  agreement  between  the  Company  and  the  Chief 
Financial Officer, Mr. Mihai Darie.

During the meeting held on 3 January 2022, ELSA’s Board of Directors decided to appoint 
Mr. Stefan-Alexandru Frangulea, as interim Chief Financial Officer, starting with 4 January 2022 and 
until  31  December  2022  (inclusive),  mandate  extended  during  the  meeting  held  on  29  December 
2022 until 28 February 2023 (inclusive).

During the meeting held on 15 April 2022, ELSA’s Board of Directors took note of the notice 
of resignation from the mandate submitted by Mr. Stefan-Ionut Pascu, considering the effective ter-
mination date of the mandate contract as 30 April 2022. 

During the meeting held on 5 May 2022, ELSA’s Board of Directors decided to revoke Ms. 
Georgeta Corina Popescu from the position of Chief Executive Officer, starting on 16 May 2022. At 
the same time, the Board of Directors decided to appoint Mr. Chirita Alexandru-Aurelian, as interim 
Chief  Executive  Officer,  starting  on  17  May  2022,  mandate  extended  during  the  meeting  held  on 
16  August  2022  until  31  December  2022,  subsequently,  during  the  meeting  held  on  29  December 
2022, took place the extension of the mandate granted until 28 February 2023 (inclusive). 

During the meeting held on 27 February 2023, at the recommendation of the Nomination 
and Remuneration Committee, the Board of Directors decided to extend the duration of the mandate 
of Mr. Alexandru-Aurelian Chirita as interim CEO until 30 April 2023 (inclusively), under the same 
conditions as well as to extend the duration of the mandate of Mr. Stefan-Alexandru Frangulea as 
interim CFO for a period of 2 years, until 27 February 2025 (inclusively), under the same conditions.

Following  these  changes,  during  2022,  ELSA’s  executive  directors,  appointed  under  the 

terms of office, are presented in the table below.

Table 12. ELSA’s Executive management during 2022

Name

Function

The Executive Manager’s mandate

Georgeta Corina Popescu*

Chief Executive Officer

1 February 2019 – 16 May 2022

Alexandru-Aurelian Chirita

Chief Executive Officer

17 May 2022 – 30 April 2023

.

.

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Mihai Darie

Chief Financial Officer

3 January 2018 – 3 January 2022

Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

Chief Financial Officer

4 January 2022 – 27 February 2025

Livioara Sujdea

Chief Distribution Officer

Stefan Ionut Pascu

Chief Corporate Development 
Officer

1 February 2017 – 31 January 2021, the 
mandate being renewed for a period of 
4 years, respectively 1 February 2021 - 31 
January 2025

1 October 2021 – 31 December 2021, 
the mandate was renewed for a period of 
12 months, respectively 1 January 2022 – 
30 April 2022

Mircea Toma Modran

Chief IT & C Officer 

1 June 2019 - 1 June 2023

Source: Electrica

*Termination without cause of the mandate agreement. 

.

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More details on the in place executive managers’ biographies can be found on ELSA’s web-

site in the section 

https://www.electrica.ro/en/investors/corporate-governance/board-of-directors/.

According  to  the  information  held  by  ELSA,  there  is  no  contract,  understanding  or  family 
relationship between the executive managers of the Company and another person who may have 
contributed to their appointment as executive managers.

According  to  available  information,  ELSA’s  executive  managers  mentioned  in  this  chapter 
have not been involved, in the last five years, in any litigations or administrative proceedings related 
to their activity within the company and neither to their capacity to fulfil their work-related duties in 
the Group.

.

.

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Alexandru  Chirita  is  a  professional  with  a  sub-
stantial  experience  in  the  legal  and  energy 
fields. He earned his Bachelor’s degree from the 
Law  School  at  the  University  of  Bucharest  in 
2008,  and  subsequently  dedicated  nearly  a 
decade  to  practicing  law.  Throughout  his  ca-
reer, Mr. Chirita has amassed comprehensive ex-
pertise in consultancy on various legal matters, 
encompassing corporate law, commercial trans-
actions,  and  litigation.  His  profound  under-
standing of legal frameworks, coupled with his 
aptitude  for  devising  and  executing  effective 
in 
legal  strategies,  has  been 
achieving organizational objectives.

instrumental 

Mr. Chirita’s multidisciplinary background is ev-
ident  in  his  academic  accomplishments.  He 
holds  a  Master’s  degree  in  Law  and  European 
Governance  from  the  National  School  of 
Political and Administrative Studies (SNSPA), a 
Master’s degree in European Union Law, and a 
Bachelor’s  degree  in  Law  from  the  Faculty  of 
Law  at  the  University  of  Bucharest.  He  is  cur-
rently  pursuing  a  Doctorate  in  Administrative 
Sciences at SNSPA.

As an active member of the professional com-
munity, Mr. Chirita participates in several organ-
izations,  such  as  The  International  Association 
of  Privacy  Professionals,  the  European  Law 
Institute,  the  United  Nations  Association  of 
Romania 
the  Romanian 
Arbitration Institute. 

(ANUROM),  and 

Before joining Electrica, he held the positions of 
Legal Manager and Data Protection Manager at 
Hidroelectrica. In these capacities, he formulat-
ed  and  executed  legal  and  data  protection 
strategies, ensuring compliance with regulatory 
mandates,  managing  litigation  and  disputes, 
and supervising contract negotiations. His legal 
acumen and experience have proven invaluable 
in his role as CEO of Electrica, a position he has 
held since May 2022.

87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With an experience of over 22 years in energy 
field started Ms. Livioara Sujdea  activity started 
as a Design Engineer at Electrica, subsequently 
occupying  various  top  management  positions, 
including Deputy General Manager and member 
of  the  Board  of  Directors  at  E.ON  Moldova 
Distributie,  E.ON  Gas  Distributie,  E.ON 
Distributie România, Director of Operation and 
Maintenance at Delgaz Grid and Deputy General 
Manager and member of the Board of Directors 
at E.ON Energie.

Livioara  Şujdea  graduated 
the  Technical 
University  “Gheorghe  Asachi”  of  Iaşi  –  Faculty 
of Electrical Engineering and Energy, where she 
also  obtained  a  master’s  degree  in  business 
management and Commercial Engineering, and 
she also has an Executive MBA with specializa-
tion in General Management at the University of 
Sheffield U.K. and a Strategic Management and 
the  Chartered 
Leadership  Degree 
Management Institute London, U.K.

from 

Starting  with  February  1st,  2017,  Ms.  Livioara 
Şujdea  has  taken  over  the  position  of  Chief 
Distribution  Officer,  for  a  period  of  4  years. 
Following  the  reconfirmation  in  office,  Ms. 
Șujdea’s second term began on 1 February 2021, 
for a period of 4 years.

88

89

Starting from March 15, 2023, Mrs. Ioana-Andreea 
Lambru  took  over  the  position  of  Business 
Development Executive Officer, for a period of 
4 years.

Mrs.  Lambru  graduated  from  the  Faculty  of 
International Financial-Banking Relations at the 
Romanian American University.

With  more  than  10  years  of  experience  in  
government  and  public  administration,  Mrs. 
Ioana  Andreea  Lambru  held  the  position  of 
President  of  the  Supervisory  Board  of  the 
Hidroelectrica company for the last 6 years.

Starting  on  June  1st,  2019,  Mr.  Mircea-Toma 
Modran  has  taken  over  the  position  of  Chief 
Information Officer within Electrica SA, for a 
4 years’s term.

Mr. Mircea-Toma Modran has graduated from 
the  Faculty  of  Electrical  Engineering, 
Department  of  Automation  and  Computers 
(currently the Faculty of Automation) of the 
University  of  Craiova,  with  an  Electrical 
Engineer  degree,  and  the  York  University 
Schulich  School  of  Business  Toronto,  with  a 
Master of Business Administration degree. He 
has also attended postgraduate programs at 
Humber  College  and  the  Niagara  Institute 
from  Canada,  and  the  Ashridge-Hult  and 
Edinburgh Universities from UK.

With more than 30 years of professional ex-
perience,  he  has  served  for  20  years  in  top 
management positions for Romanian and fo-
reign, private and state owned, listed compa-
nies, operating in energy and utilities, oil and 
gas,  chemical,  aeronautics  and  information 
technology, fulfilling a wide range of respon-
sibilities, from the classic IT and industrial au-
tomation  to  direct  coordination  of  operatio-
nal divisions with strategic impact on financi-
al results.

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4.7. Remuneration of the Directors and of the 
Executive Managers with mandate agreements

4.8. Statement regarding the corporate governance 
“Comply or Explain” 

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

At the Electrica Ordinary General meeting of shareholders (OGMS) on 20 April 2022, the 
remuneration Policy for Directors and Executive Directors was approved, without any changes to 
the remuneration limits previously established by the GMS for Directors and Executive Directors. 
The amendments cover the additions made as a result of the new legislative provisions, in order to 
present in a transparent manner the elements of fixed and variable remuneration, including financial 
and non-financial benefits, in any form, which are granted to the directors. 

Also, in developing the remuneration policy, good practices used internationally and natio-
nally  for  similar  ELSA  companies  were  taken  into  account,  as  identified  after  the  listing  of  the 
company. 

Starting with 2022, the Company has prepared and published the remuneration Report for 
Directors and Executive Directors 2021, in accordance with the provisions of Law 24/2017 on issuers 
of Financial instruments and market operations. The report was awarded at the Electrica ordinary 
General meeting of shareholders (OGMS) on 20 April (https://www.electrica.ro/en/investors/gene-
ral-meetings-of-shareholders/2022-gms/general-meeting-of-shareholders-as-of-20-april-2022/), 
with  the  aim  of  presenting  an  overview  of  the  remuneration  and  benefits  granted  and/or  owed 
during the last financial year, to the managers individually, including new recruits and former mana-
gers in accordance with the Company’s remuneration Policy.

The remuneration policy for directors and executives is reviewed annually by the CNR and 
describes the main pillars of remuneration, as well as the terms, conditions and non-financial bene-
fits approved by ELSA’s corporate bodies. 

The remuneration policy has the following objectives:
 – setting clear remuneration thresholds and guidelines;
 – establishing the remuneration structure;
 – ensuring the correlation between the remuneration levels within ELSA.

.

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The present Statement reflects ELSA’s status of compliance with the new BSE Corporate 

Governance Code as of 28 February 2023.

Note: considering the fact that there are no mentions for “Reason for non-compliance”, the 

corresponding column has been removed from the table below.

Table 13. ELSA’s compliance with the provisions of the BSE Corporate Governance Code

Provisions of the BSE Corporate 
Governance Code

Compliance
YES/NO/
PARTIALLY

Other remarks

Responsibilities

No.

Sec-
tion A

A.1.

All  companies  must  have  an  internal  Board 
regulation which includes the terms of reference/
responsibilities  of  the  Board  and  the  key 
management  functions  of  the  company,  and 
which  applies,  among  other  things,  the  General 
Principles of this Section.

YES

A.2.

Provisions  for  the  management  of  conflict 
of  interest  should  be  included  in  the  Board 
regulation.

YES

The company had elaborated ever since February 
2015 ELSA’s Corporate Governance Code (ELSA’s 
CGC)  that  included  the  Articles  of  Association 
of  the  Company,  the  rules  of  organization  and 
functioning of the BoD and of its committees. All 
these  documents  mentioned  above  contain  the 
terms  of  reference/the  responsibility  of  BoD,  as 
well as those of the key management functions of 
the company.
In  2016,  the  Board  carried  out  an  extensive 
project  to  review  the  Articles  of  Association 
and  the  above-mentioned  regulations  in  order 
to  detail  the  responsibilities  of  the  Board,  of 
its  committees  and  of  the  management  team, 
taking  into  account  the  recommendations  made 
in  the  Evaluation  Report  of  the  Board’s  activity 
in the previous year.
In recent years, these documents have undergone 
successive  revisions  to  align  with  domestic  and 
international best practices.
The  most  recent  versions  of  the  Articles  of 
Associations,  ELSA’s  CGC  and  the  Charter  of 
the BoD and its Committees are available on the 
company’s  website  in  the  section  Investors  -> 
Corporate Governance.
The  last  update  of  ELSA’s  CGC  took  place  in 
July 2020, and the last update of the Articles of 
Association was on 12 October 2022.

Such  provisions  are  mentioned  in  ELSA’s  CGC, 
in  the  Articles  of  Association,  in  the  Code  of 
Ethics and Professional Conduct, and in the BoD 
organization and functioning regulation.
The  current  version  of  the  Code  of  Ethics  and 
Professional  Conduct  entered 
into  force  on 
1 January 2022 and is available on the company’s 
website  in  the  section  Investors  ->  Corporate 
Governance  ->  Corporate  policies  and  other 
documents

A.3.

The  Board  of  Directors  must  consist  of  at  least 
five members.

YES

ELSA’s  BoD  consists  of  seven  members  since  14 
December 2015.

.

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93

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
No.

Provisions of the BSE Corporate 
Governance Code

Compliance
YES/NO/
PARTIALLY

Other remarks

No.

Provisions of the BSE Corporate 
Governance Code

Compliance
YES/NO/
PARTIALLY

Other remarks

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

The  majority  of  the  members  of  the  Board  of 
Directors must have no executive function. In the 
case  of  Premium  Companies  no  less  than  two 
non-executive members of the Board of Directors 
should  be 
independent 
independent.  Each 
member of the Board of Directors should submit 
a  declaration  at  the  time  of  its  nomination  for 
election or re-election as well as when any change 
in  its  status  occurs,  indicating  the  elements  on 
the  basis  of  which  it  is  considered  independent 
in  terms  of  its  character  and  judgement  and 
according  to  the  following  criteria:  A.4.1.  is  not 
the  General  Manager/Executive  Director  of  the 
company or a company controlled by it and has 
not held such a position for the past five (5) years; 
A.4.2.  is  not  an  employee  of  the  company  or  a 
company  controlled  by  it  and  has  not  held  such 
a position for the past five (5) years; A.4.3. does 
not  and  did  not  receive  additional  remuneration 
or  other  advantages  from  the  company  or  from 
a  company  controlled  by  it,  other  than  those 
corresponding  to  the  quality  of  a  non-executive 
director; A.4.4. is not or has not been an employee 
or has not had a contractual relationship, during 
the  previous  year,  with  a  significant  shareholder 
of  the  company,  shareholder  who  controls  more 
than  10%  of  voting  rights  or  with  a  company 
controlled  by  him;  A.4.5.  does  not  have  and 
did  not  have  in  the  previous  year  a  business  or 
professional  relationship  with  the  company  or 
with  a  company  controlled  by  it,  either  directly 
or  as  a  customer,  partner,  shareholder,  member 
of  the  Board/Administrator,  General  Manger/
Executive Director or employee of a company if, 
by  its  substantial  nature,  this  report  may  affect 
its  objectivity;  A.4.6.  is  not  and  has  not  been 
for  the  last  three  years  the  external  or  internal 
auditor  or  partner  or  associate  employee  of  the 
current  external  financial  or  internal  auditor  of 
the company or a company controlled by it; A.4.7. 
is  not  the  general  manager/executive  director 
of  another  company  where  another  general 
manger/executive  director  of  the  company  is  a 
non-executive director; A.4.8. has not been a non-
executive director of the company for more than 
twelve years; A.4.9. has no family ties to a person 
in  the  situations  mentioned  in  points  A.4.1.  and 
A.4.4.

relatively 

permanent 

Other 
professional 
commitments  and  obligations  of  a  Board 
member,  including  executive  and  non-executive 
Board  positions  in  companies  and  not-for-profit 
institutions,  must  be  disclosed  to  shareholders 
and  potential  investors  before  appointment  and 
during his/her term of office.

Any  member  of  the  Board  should  submit  to  the 
Board  information  on  any  relationship  with  a 
shareholder  who  holds,  directly  or  indirectly, 
shares  representing  more  than  5%  of  all  voting 
rights.

The  corporate  governance  statement  will  inform 
whether  an  evaluation  of  the  Board  has  taken 
place  under  the  leadership  of  the  chair  or  the 
nomination committee and, if so, will summarize 
the  key  measures  and  changes  resulting  from 
it.  The  company  should  have  a  policy/guide 
regarding  the  evaluation  of  the  Board  including 
the  purpose,  criteria  and  frequency  of  the 
evaluation process.

The  corporate  governance  statement  must 
contain  information  on  the  number  of  meetings 
of the Board and committees during the last year, 
directors’  attendance  (in  person  or  absent)  and 
a  report  of  the  Board  and  committees  on  their 
activities.

YES

YES

A.8.

A.9.

A. 10.

The  corporate  governance  statement  must 
contain  information  on  the  exact  number  of  the 
independent members of the Board of Directors.

YES

A. 11.

Sec-
tion B

B.1.

The  Board  of  Premium  Companies  must  set 
up  a  nomination  committee  of  non-executive 
lead  the  procedure  of 
members  that  will 
nomination  of  new  members  to  the  Board  and 
will make recommendations to the Board on the 
appointment  and  the  revocation  of  the  Chief 
Executive  Officer  and  the  management  team. 
The  majority  of  the  members  of  the  nomination 
committee must be independent.

Risk management and internal control system

The Board must set up an audit committee in which 
at  least  one  member  must  be  an  independent 
non-executive  director.  A  majority  of  members, 
including  the  chairman,  must  have  proven  that 
they  are  adequately  qualified  relevant  to  the 
functions  and  responsibilities  of  the  committee. 
At least one memberof the audit committee must 
have proven and appropriate audit or accounting 
experience.  In  the  case  of  Premium  Companies, 
the audit committee must consist of at least three 
members and the majority of the audit committee 
must be independent.

YES

YES

B.2.

The chairman of the audit committee must be an 
independent non-executive member.

YES

This provision was applied starting with 2015, the 
BoD  carrying  out  an  annual  assessment  process 
of  its  activity  with  the  support  of  an  external 
consultant  (in  2015,  2017,  2020  and  2022),  or 
using  a  self-assessment  questionnaire  (in  2016, 
2018, 2019 and 2021)
More details are provided in the 2015-2017 Annual 
Reports in chapters 6.1 and 6.2, for 2018 and 2019, 
2020, 2021 and 2022 in chapter 4.5.

Details  regarding  the  compliance  with  this 
provision  are  presented  in  the  Annual  Report, 
in  the  Corporate  governance  chapter.  For  2022, 
please see chapter 4.5.

Four  out  of  seven  members  of  the  BoD  are 
independent  and  this  is  specified  in  the  Annual 
Report.  More  details  are  provided  in  the  Annual 
Reports for 2021 in chapter 4.4.
On  ELSA’s  website,  in  the  section  Investors  > 
Corporate  Governance  >  Board  of  Directors, 
it 
is  specified  exactly  which  members  are 
independent.

the  existence  of 

The  Articles  of  Association  and  ELSA’s  CGC 
highlight 
this  committee 
(Nomination  and  Remuneration  Committee  - 
NRC), its members and responsibilities. The NRC 
composition  is  reviewed  annually,  in  accordance 
with  the  NRC  organization  and  functioning 
regulation (Charter) and at the beginning of each 
new  mandate  of  a  new  member  of  the  BoD.  In 
May  2021,  its  structure  was  revised  according  to 
the changes that occurred in the board structure. 
According to the NRC’s Charter, in December 2021 
the current structure of the NRC was established, 
two  of  the  members  being  independent,  and 
in  December  2022  the  decision  was  made  to 
maintain  the  same  structure  until  December 
2023.  Details  regarding  the  NRC  structure  are 
presented in chapter 4.4.

the  existence  of 

The  Articles  of  Association  and  ELSA’s  CGC 
highlight 
this  committee 
(Audit  and  Risk  Committee  -  ARC),  its  structure 
and responsibilities.
The ARC structure is reviewed annually, according 
to ARC Charter and at the beginning of each new 
mandate of the BoD.
In May 2021, its structure was revised according to 
changes in the BoD structure. In accordance with 
the ARC Charter, the current composition of the 
ARC was voted in December 2021, in which two of 
the members are independent, and in December 
2022  the  decision  was  made  to  maintain  the 
same structure until December 2023. Details are 
presented in chapter 4.4. 

On  the  6  May  2021  and  subsequently,  on  15 
December  2021  and  on  20  December  2022,  Mr. 
Radu Mircea Florescu, independent non-executive 
board  member  was  elected  and  respectively 
re-elected  as  Chairman  of  the  Audit  and  Risk 
Committee. 

YES

to 

All  the  members  of  ELSA’s  BoD  are  non-
executive.  According 
the  Articles  of 
Association,  at  least  four  out  of  seven  members 
must be independent. The independence criteria 
stipulated  in  the  Articles  of  Association  are 
similar  and  even  more  restrictive  than  those  in 
the BSE’s Corporate Governance Code. Currently, 
four  out  of  seven  members  are  independent.  All 
independent members submitted a declaration of 
independence,  at  the  time  of  their  appointment 
by the OGMS.

The  professional  background  of  the  proposed 
candidates,  as  well  as  of  the  current  Board 
members  are  available  on  ELSA’s  website  in  the 
Investors  >  General  Meeting  of  Shareholders 
section. Their biographies contain all the relevant 
information  requested  by  this  provision  of  the 
Code. The updated biographies of each member 
of  the  Board  are  presented  annually  in  the 
Directors’ Report and on the company’s website 
in the section Investors > Corporate Governance > 
Board of Directors.

When a Board member has entered into a relation 
with  a  shareholder  who  directly  or  indirectly 
holds  shares  representing  more  than  5%  of  all 
voting  rights,  he/she  promptly  informed  the 
entire Board.

YES

YES

A.4.

A.5.

A.6.

A.7.

The  company  should  appoint  a  Board  secretary 
responsible for supporting the Board’s work.

YES

The  company  has  established  the  General 
Secretary  Department,  which 
is  directly 
subordinated to the Board of Directors.

.

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94

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
No.

Provisions of the BSE Corporate 
Governance Code

Compliance
YES/NO/
PARTIALLY

Other remarks

No.

Provisions of the BSE Corporate 
Governance Code

Compliance
YES/NO/
PARTIALLY

Other remarks

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

B.3.

Among  its  responsibilities,  the  audit  committee 
must  carry  out  an  annual  assessment  of  the 
internal control system.

YES

the 

the 

review 

adequacy 

(ARC)  has 

internal  control 

to 
regulation, 

organization 
the  Audit 
the 

and 
According 
and 
functioning 
following 
Risk  Committee 
issues: 
responsibilities  on 
and 
regularly 
(i) 
implementation  of  key  internal  control  policies, 
including fraud detection and bribery prevention 
policies; (ii) reviewing related parties transactions 
in  accordance  with  a  policy  developed  by 
the  Committee  and  approved  by  the  Board; 
(iii)  analysis  of  the  annual  report  prepared 
by 
Internal  Audit  Department  and/or 
Risk  Management  Department  assessing  the 
effectiveness of the internal control system within 
the Group.

the 

The  assessment  must  consider  the  effectiveness 
and  purpose  of  the  internal  audit  function,  the 
adequacy  of  risk  management  and 
internal 
control reports submitted to the audit committee 
of  the  Board,  the  promptness  and  effectiveness 
with which the executive management solves the 
deficiencies  or  weaknesses  identified  as  a  result 
of  the  internal  control  and  the  submission  of 
relevant reports to the Board’s attention.

The  audit  committee  must  assess  conflicts  of 
interests  in  connection  with  the  transactions  of 
the  company  and  its  subsidiaries  with  related 
parties.

audit 

The 
the 
committee  must 
effectiveness  of  the  internal  control  system  and 
risk management system.

assess 

YES

YES

YES

Such 
reports  are  annually  presented.  The 
assessment report for 2022 specified in the CGC 
was  presented  and  discussed  by  the  Audit  and 
Risk  Committee  in  the  meeting  on  28  February 
2023. 

The  assessment  is  carried  out  annually.  The 
assessment report for 2022 specified in the CGC 
will  be  presented  and  discussed  by  the  Audit 
and Risk Committee during at its meeting on 24 
March 2023. 

The ARC has at least the following responsibilities 
on risk management issues:
(i)  regularly  review  of  the  main  risks  to  which 
the  company  and  the  Group  are  exposed, 
recommending to the Board appropriate policies 
for  identifying,  mapping,  management  and  risk 
reduction;
(ii) annual analysis of a management report that 
assesses the effectiveness of the risk management 
system within the Group.
Based  on  the  ARC  Charter’s  provisions,  the 
evaluation report for the year 2022 was presented 
and discussed by the Audit and Risk Committee 
at its meeting on 27 February 2023. 
Details regarding the ARC activity for year 2022 
are presented in chapter 4.5 of the Annual Report.

B.7.

The audit committee must monitor the application 
of legal standards and generally accepted internal 
audit  standards.  The  audit  committee  must 
receive  and  assess  the  reports  of  the  internal 
audit team.

YES

the 

has 

ARC 

audit 

internal 

following 
The 
responsibilities  on 
issues:  
(i) approval of an annual audit plan at Group level, 
based  on  an  annual  risk  assessment,  as  well  as 
any  significant  changes  to  the  plan  and  receipt 
of periodic reports on activities, key findings and 
follow up of internal audit reports;
(ii)  advising  the  Board  on  the  appointment, 
revocation  and  remuneration  of  the  Head  of 
Internal Audit Department;
(iii)  monitoring  the  adequacy,  effectiveness,  and 
independence of the internal audit function.
Details regarding the ARC activity are presented 
in chapter 4.5 of the Annual Report.

B.8.

Whenever the Code mentions reports or analysis 
initiated by the Audit Committee, these must be 
followed  by  regular  (at  least  annual)  or  ad-hoc 
reports to be submitted to the Board afterwards.

YES

ARC reports periodically to the BoD.

B.4.

B.5.

B.6.

.

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96

B.9.

No  shareholder  may  be  granted  preferential 
treatment  over  other  shareholders  with  regards 
to  transactions  and  agreements  concluded  by 
the company with shareholders and their related 
parties.

YES

Provisions  on  this  matter  are  included  in  ELSA’s 
CGC  and  in  the  Policy  on  Transactions  with 
Related Parties.

B. 10.

The  Board  must  adopt  a  policy  to  ensure  that 
any  transaction  of  the  company  with  any  of  the 
companies with which it has close relations whose 
value is equal to or more than 5% of the net assets 
of the company (according to the latest financial 
report),  is  approved  by  the  Board  following  a 
mandatory opinion of the Board’s audit committee 
and fairly disclosed to shareholders and potential 
investors, to the extent that these transactions fall 
under the category of events subject to reporting 
requirements.

YES

The  Policy  regarding  the  transactions  with 
Related  Parties,  has  been  updated  in  July  2020 
and covers all the required aspects.

B. 11.

Internal audits must be carried out by a separate 
structural  division  (internal  audit  department) 
within the company or by hiring an independent 
third-party entity.

YES

The  internal  audit  is  carried  out  by  the  Internal 
Audit Department, a structurally separate entity.

B. 12.

Sec-
tion C

C.1.

In  order  to  ensure  the  performance  of  the  main 
functions  of  the  internal  audit  department,  it 
must  report  functionally  to  the  Board  through 
the audit committee. For administrative purposes 
and  within  the  framework  of  management’s 
obligations  to  monitor  and  reduce  risks  it  must 
report directly to the chief executive officer.

Fair rewards and motivation

The  company  must  publish  on  its  website  the 
remuneration policy, and include in its annual report 
a  statement  of  the  remuneration  policy  during 
the annual period under review. The remuneration 
policy  must  be  formulated  in  such  a  way  as  to 
allow  shareholders  to  understand  the  principles 
and  arguments  underlying  the  remuneration  of 
the  members of the Board  and  the  CEO, as well 
as  the  members  of  the  Management  Board  in 
two-tier  board  systems.  It  should  describe  how 
the process is managed and decision-making on 
remuneration, detail the components of executive 
management  remuneration  (such  as  salaries, 
annual  bonus,  long  term  incentives  related  to 
the  value  of  shares,  benefits  in  kind,  pensions, 
and others) and describe the purpose, principles 
and  assumptions  underlying  each  component 
(including  general  performance  criteria  for  any 
form  of  variable  remuneration).  In  addition,  the 
remuneration  policy  must  specify  the  duration 
of  the  executive  manager’s  contract  and  the 
notice period provided for in the contract as well 
as any compensation for revocation without just 
cause.  The  remuneration  report  must  present 
the  implementation  of  the  remuneration  policy 
for  the  persons  identified  in  the  remuneration 
policy  during  the  annual  period  under  review. 
Any  essential  change  in  the  remuneration  policy 
must  be  published  in  a  timely  manner  on  the 
company’s website.

Sec-
tion D

Building value through investors’ relations

YES

Internal  Audit  Department 

The 
reports 
functionally  to  the  BoD  through  the  ARC,  while 
administratively reports to the CEO.

YES

In accordance with Law 24/2017, as amended and 
subsequently supplemented by Law no. 158/2020 
(Art.92 ^ 1),on 28 April 2021, ELSA GMS approved 
the  updated  Remuneration  Policy  for  Directors 
and Executive Managers, in which all the aspects 
stipulated  by  this  statement  are  detailed.  This 
policy  was  subsequently  updated  and  approved 
by the OGMS on 20 April 2022.
The  Remuneration  Policy  for  Directors  and 
Executive Managers is available on ELSA website, 
under 
Investors  >  Corporate  Governance  > 
Corporate Policies and other documents.
the 
In  previous  years, 
implementation of the Remuneration Policy were 
presented in the annual report. For the year 2021 
ELSA has prepared a report on the remuneration 
of  the  administrators  and  executive  directors 
to  be  submitted  to  the  consultative  vote  of  the 
ELSA GMS, according to the applicable legislative 
provisions.  Also,  for  2022,  this  report  will  be 
submitted for the consultative vote of the OGMS 
on 27 April 2023.

related 

issues 

to 

.

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97

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

No.

Provisions of the BSE Corporate 
Governance Code

Compliance
YES/NO/
PARTIALLY

Other remarks

of 

the  procedures 

general  meetings 

The  company  must  have  an  Investor  Relations 
function  –  indicating  to  the  public  the  person(s) 
responsible or the organizational unit. In addition 
to  the  information  required  by  legal  provisions, 
the  company  must  include  on  its  website  a 
section  dedicated  to  Investor  Relations,  both 
in  Romanian  and  English,  with  all  relevant 
information  of  interest  to  investors,  including: 
D.1.1.  Main  corporate  regulations:  the  articles 
regarding 
of  association, 
the 
shareholders. 
D.1.2.  Professional  CVs  of  members  of  the 
company’s management bodies, other professional 
commitments  of  the  board  members,  including 
executive and non-executive positions on board of 
directors  of  companies  or  non-profit  institutions 
D.1.3. 
reports 
(quarterly,  semi  -  annual  and  annual  reports); 
D.1.4.  Information  related  to  general  meetings  of 
shareholders; D.1.5. Information on corporate events; 
D.1.6.  The  name  and  contact  details  of  a 
to  provide 
person  who  should  be  able 
relevant 
request; 
information 
D.1.7.  Corporate  presentations  (e.g. 
investors 
presentations,  quarterly  results  presentations, 
etc.),  financial  statements  (quarterly,  semi  - 
annual, annual), audit reports and annual reports.

periodic 

Current 

upon 

and 

YES

The  company  has  both  an  Investor  Relations 
department  and  a  section  dedicated  to  Investor 
Relations  on  its  website  (in  both  Romanian  and 
English).  All  relevant  information  for  investors  is 
published  under  the  Investors  section  on  ELSA’s 
website.
Electrica  was  appreciated 
the  second 
consecutive  year  in  2022  with  the  maximum 
grade in the Vektor evaluation, Vektor being the 
indicator of the communication with investors for 
listed companies

for 

The  company  will  have  a  policy  on  the  annual 
distribution  of  dividends  or  other  benefits  to 
shareholders,  proposed  by  the  CEO  or  the 
Management Board and adopted by the Board, in 
the form of a set of guidelines that the company 
intends to follow regarding the distribution of net 
profit.  The  principles  of  the  annual  distribution 
policy  to  shareholders  will  be  published  on  the 
company’s website.

The  company  will  adopt  a  policy  regarding  the 
forecasts,  whether  they  are  made  public  or  not. 
The  forecasts  refer  to  quantified  conclusions  of 
studies  aimed  at  determining  the  overall  impact 
of  a  number  of  factors  for  a  future  period  (so 
called assumptions): by its nature, this projection 
has a high level of uncertainty, the actual results 
may differ significantly from the forecasts initially 
presented. The forecast policy will determine the 
frequency,  period  envisaged  and  the  content  of 
the forecasts. Forecasts, if published, may only be 
part of annual, semi -annual or quarterly reports. 
The  forecast  policy  should  be  published  on  the 
company’s website.

YES

The  BoD  last  revised  the  Dividends  Policy  at  its 
meeting on 24 May 2022. It is published on ELSA’s 
website, in the Investors > Corporate Governance 
> Corporate Policies and other documents section.

YES

The  BoD  last  revised  the  Forecasts  Policy  in  its 
meeting  on  14  February  2018.  It  is  published 
on  ELSA  website,  in  the  Investors  >  Corporate 
Governance  >  Corporate  Policies  and  other 
documents section.

D.1.

D.2.

D.3.

.

.

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D.4.

The  rules  of  general  meetings  of  shareholders 
should not limit the participation of shareholders 
in  general  meetings  and  the  exercise  of  their 
rights. Changes to the rules will take effect at the 
earliest, starting with the next general meeting of 
shareholders

YES

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ELSA  rules  and  procedures  that  establish  the 
framework  for  the  organization  and  conduct 
of  general  meetings  of  shareholders  are  part 
of  ELSA’s  Policy  on  organizing  and  running  the 
General Meetings of Shareholders, available from 
the beginning of 2020 and in its nmost updated 
form  from  August  2020,  in  electronic  form  on 
ELSA website in the section Investors > Corporate 
Governance  >  Corporate  Policies  and  other 
documents.
Also, 
rules  of  general  meetings  of 
the 
shareholders  are  mentioned  in  each  convening 
notice, published in accordance with the legal and 
statutory  requirements  approximately  45  days 
before each meeting.
Additionally,  to  falicitate  the  non-discriminatory 
participation  of  all  shareholders  to  the  GMS 
meetings, 
Electrica 
implemented,  starting  with  2022,  a  platform  for 
participating  and  voting  online  for  the  GMS  (for 
the shareholders that are present in the meeting 
room  or  remotely,  through  electronic  means), 
system already used in June and October 2022.

remotely,, 

including 

No.

D.5.

D.6.

D.7.

D.8.

D.9.

Provisions of the BSE Corporate 
Governance Code

Compliance
YES/NO/
PARTIALLY

Other remarks

The  external  auditors  should  attend  the  general 
meetings of shareholders when their reports are 
presented.

YES

External  auditors  attend  each  OGMS  in  which 
the  financial  situations  and  annual  reports  are 
approved.

The  Board  will  present  to  the  annual  general 
meeting  of  shareholders  a  brief  assessment  of 
the  systems  of  internal  control  and  significant 
risks  management,  as  well  as  opinions  on  issues 
subject to the decision of the general meeting.

YES

The  directors’  annual  report,  presented  to  the 
annual general meeting of shareholders together 
with the financial statements, contains the BoD’s 
assessments  on  the  systems  of  internal  controls 
and significant risk management.
As  a  practice,  all  the  documents  subject  of  the 
GSM  approval  are  endorsed  by  the  BoD;  this  is 
clearly stated in the documents presented to the 
shareholders.

Any  professional,  consultant,  expert  or  financial 
analyst  may  attend  the  shareholders’  meeting 
on the bases of a prior invitation from the Board. 
Accredited journalists may also attend the general 
meeting  of  shareholders,  unless  the  Chair  of  the 
Board decides otherwise.

The  quarterly  and  semi-annual  financial  reports 
will  include  information  in  both  Romanian  and 
English  on  key  factors  influencing  changes  in 
sales levels, operating profit, net profit and other 
relevant financial indicators, both from quarter to 
quarter as well as from one year to another.

A  company  will  hold  at  least  two  meetings/
investors 
teleconferences  with  analysts  and 
each  year.  The  information  presented  on  these 
occasions  will  be  published 
investor 
relations section of the company’s website at the 
date of the meetings/teleconferences.

in  the 

D. 10.

If  a  company  supports  different  forms  of 
artistic  and  cultural  expression,  sport  activities, 
educational or scientific activities, and considers 
that  their  impact  on  the  innovative  character 
and  competitiveness  of  the  company  part  of  its 
mission and development strategy, it will publish 
the policy regarding its activity in this area.

Source: Electrica

YES

In this respect, the agreement of the shareholders 
present  at  the  General  Meetings  was  requested 
each time it was the case.

YES

YES

YES

  The  quarterly  and  half-yearly  financial  reports 
can be consulted on the company›s website in the 
section Investors> Results and Reports> Financial 
results and fulfil all the requirements.

ELSA  organizes  quarterly  teleconferences  with 
analysts and investors and publishes presentations 
and  audio  recordings  of  the  teleconference 
on  the  ELSA  website,  in  the  section  Investors  > 
Results  and  Reports  >  Presentations  and  other 
information.

Information  regarding  the  CSR  activities  can  be 
found  online  on  the  company’s  website,  in  the 
CSR section. 
The  projects  and  activities  supported  each  year 
are  presented  in  ELSA’s  annual  Sustainability 
Reports,  available  on  the  ELSA  website,  in  the 
section CSR > Non-financial Reporting.

.

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4.9. Implementing action plans undertaken by signing 
the framework agreement with EBRD

The  company’s  initial  public  offering  and  dual  listing  process  involved  the  signing  of  a  

framework agreement with the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), which 

includes action plans aiming at key dimensions for the company’s transformation: developing a cul-

ture of integrity and compliance, adopting best practices regarding corporate governance and incor-

porating the sustainability principles at Group level.

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As for the development of a culture of integrity and compliance at Electrica Group level, in 

and approved at the ordinary General meeting of shareholders (OGMS), presenting transparently the 

line with the EBRD standards, the year 2022 meant maintaining the compliance framework from an 

elements  of  fixed  and  variable  remuneration,  including  financial  and  non-financial  benefits,  in  any 

ethical perspective and updating it in accordance with the evolutions of the social and legal context 

form, that may be granted to Directors. 

in which the organization operates, through concerted actions on the following main directions: 

 – maintaining the organizational structures dedicated to ethics and compliance;

The last policy review was approved at the ordinary General meeting of shareholders (OGMS) 

Electrica on 20 April 2022, without any changes to the remuneration limits previously established by 

 – adopting The Policy of preventing, combating and sanctioning any form of harassment in 

the GMS for directors and executive directors. 

the workplace;

 – monitoring the compliance in relation to the framework defined by the Code of Ethics and 

Professional Conduct and subsequent policies and procedures.

Starting with 2022, the Company has prepared and published the remuneration Report for 

Directors and Executive Directors 2021, in accordance with the provisions of Law 24/2017 on issuers 

of Financial instruments and market operations. The Report was approved at the ordinary General 

Having mainly a preventive role in relation to the risks to which the organization is exposed, 

meeting  of  shareholders  (OGMS)  Electrica  on  20  April  (https://www.electrica.ro/en/investors/re-

compliance adds value to each business, but in order to be effective, the compliance framework must 

sults-and-reports/), with the aim of presenting an overview of the remuneration and benefits gran-

be adapted to the organization transformations and to be aligned permanently with legislative chan-

ted and/or owed during the last financial year, to the managers individually, including the newly re-

ges, external environment trends and business ethics’ best practices. 

cruited and former managers in accordance with the Company’s Policy. 

The  information  and  awareness  activities  regarding  the  provisions  of  the  compliance  fra-

For details regarding the remuneration of the Board members and of the executive manage-

mework from the ethical perspective of the organization’s staff were carried out exclusively through 

ment of ELSA, please see chapter 4.7. 

the online environment, due to the restrictions generated by the existing health situation.

Regarding the organizational structures dedicated to ethics and compliance, these exist at 

each company level from the Group. 

The action plan regarding corporate governance 

The  implementation  of  the  Corporate  Governance  Action  Plan,  assumed  as  part  of  the 

Framework Agreement with EBRD, has been considered since the IPO and the company’s listing. The 

standards  and  measures  it  envisaged  have  been  implemented,  maintained  and  continuously 

monitored.

Selection of independent directors

The EBRD guidelines were included in ELSA’s Articles of Association adopted on 4 July 2014, 

being maintained in the context of increasing the total number of directors from five to seven, by 

adopting the Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders decision from 10 November 2015; out 

of the seven directors, four must meet the independence criteria.

Advisory Committees of the Board of Directors 

In  order  to  increase  the  effectiveness  of  its  activity,  ELSA’s  Board  of  Directors  has  estab-

lished the following committees with advisory role: the Nomination and Remuneration Committee, 

the Audit and Risk Committee and the Strategy and Corporate Governance Committee. For details, 

please see chapter 4.5. 

Internal Control and Audit Framework 

During 2022, the documentation governing the internal audit activity at Electrica Group level 

approved in November 2019 was maintained and applied. This documentation was approved in its 

first version by the BoD at the beginning of 2015 and includes the Internal Audit Charter, the Audit 

Manual and the Auditor’s Code of Ethics, its last update dating from 2019. The documents are avai-

lable on ELSA’s website in the section The group > Internal Audit. For details about the internal audit 

please see chapter 4. 10. and for more details on the internal control, please see chapter 6. 10.

ELSA’s Articles of Association

EBRD  guidelines  were  included  in  the  Articles  of  Association  of  ELSA  adopted  on  4  July 

.

For details about ELSA’s Board of Directors, its members and the election of its members, 

2014. 

please see chapter 4.4.

Nomination and Remuneration Policies

ELSA uses nomination and remuneration principles in accordance with best practices for the 

appointment and remuneration of directors and executive management. In this respect, the Profile 

of the Board of Directors and the Policy for recruiting and nomination of the candidates for executive 
management were elaborated. 

The remuneration policy for directors and executives of ELSA (Policy) is reviewed periodi-

cally by the nomination and remuneration Committee and describes the main pillars of remuneration 

as well as the terms, conditions and non-financial benefits approved by ELSA’s corporate bodies. 

In 2022, ELSA’s Articles of Association were updated according to ELSA Board of Directors’ 

decisions from 12 October 2022. All versions of the ELSA Articles of Association adopted since the 

listing of the company are available on its website in the section The group > About > Articles of 

Association.

Clear lines of competence and responsibility 

To define the reporting system and to set responsibilities and competences at the level of the 

group and its’ companies, ELSA and its subsidiaries carried out projects for processes’ mapping both 

in distribution and in supply areas, benefiting from external consultancy in this regard. In the context 

of the 2018 – 2020 organizational transformation, the applicable procedural framework, and the do-

As a result of the change of the European and national legal framework, according to the 

cumentation of the Quality – Environment - OHS Integrated Management Systems implemented at 

European Directive no. 828/2017, transposed into national legislation by Law no. 24/2017, as it was 

each  Group  company  level  have  been  fully  revised,  maintaining  their  certifications  in  accordance 

subsequently amended and supplemented by Law no. 158/2020 (Art.92^1). The Policy was revised 

.

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with ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015 and ISO 45001:2018 following the audit performed during 2020 

social and environmental risks (methodology) and its application for the categories of works/works 

by the SRAC CERT certification body, IQNet affiliate. 

included in the CAPEX Plan 2021-2023.

Code of Conduct 

Social,  environmental  and  SSM  risks,  as  well  as  mitigation  measures  are  included  in  DEER 

technical projects for investment works, a methodology being developed to ensure a unitary approach 

EBRD requirements are covered by the Code of Ethics and professional Conduct. Regarding 

across all technical projects.

the Whistleblowing Policy, it has been updated and is available on the company’s website.

During 2022, follow-up actions were carried out in relation to the provisions of the Code at 

group level, after it was disseminated and implemented in its new version within the Group.

Compliance with BSE Corporate Governance Code 

On 4 January 2016, the new BSE Corporate Governance Code entered into force and, on this 

occasion,  ELSA  published  on  8  January  2016  the  “Corporate  Governance  Code  Apply  or  Explain” 

statement according to the new provisions. ELSA publishes the updated statement yearly and re-

ports promptly to the capital market any update of its compliance.

On its turn, ELSA adopted its own Corporate Governance Code since the beginning of 2015, 

its last update being approved by the BoD on 23 June 2020. This version, as well as the policies and 

other corporate documents referred to by the Corporate Governance Code of ELSA are available on 

the company’s website in the Investors > Corporate Governance section (https://www.electrica.ro/

Environmental impact studies

Continue  to  implement  the  legal  requirements  in  the  field  of  environment  regarding  the 

impact assessment for the investment projects included in the CAPEX Plan. If DEER is to develop and 

implement impact assessments under national legislation for investment projects targeting certain 

installations, which are not initially foreseen (including cutting protected tree species), they must be 

developed according to EU standards.

The EBRD will be informed about the environmental impact studies related to investment 

projects carried out at the level of DEER by sending the post link on their website.

The  inclusion  in  the  Electrica  Group’s  Annual  Sustainability  Report  of  a  summary  of 

environmental  impact  studies  with  reference  to  non-technical  summaries  for  CAPEX  investment 

projects posted on DEER’s website.

No  Environmental  impact  Studies  were  required  under  Law  292/2018  Annex  5E  for  the 

en/investors/corporate-governance/). For details, please consider chapters 4.8 and 4.1. 

development of the distribution infrastructure included in DEER Investment Plan until now.

At the same time, at the level of the Electrica Group, a Market Abuse Policy was developed, 

Permits 

adopted by all subsidiaries.

DEER will ensure that it obtains all necessary authorizations/certificates from the Ministry of 

Culture, as well as environmental ones from local authorities with competence in the field, according 

The Environmental and Social Action Plan (ESAP)

to the Urban planning Certificate for the investment projects carried out.

During 2022 the Environmental and Social Action Plan was updated by SAP as part of the 

Loan Agreement signed by DEER with EBRD and guaranteed by Electrica S.A. for financing DEER’s 

CAPEX Plan 2021 – 2023. The revised ESAP includes the following actions, their status of implemen-

tation being also mentioned in the following section.

All the necessary authorizations/certificates according to the Urban planning Certificate were 

obtained for all the investment projects included in the CAPEX Plan at DEER level. 

Obtaining the building permit is conditioned by obtaining all the approvals required in the 

Urban planning Certificate.

Organogram of EHS management structure and update certification

Stunting environmental and social requirements 

Develop an organogram presenting the EHS management structure from Group-level mana-

gement,  to  County-level  implementation  within  DEER.  Make  this  accessible  on  the  Group  intranet 

portal, alongside the existing E&S Policy, under their management systems page and shared with all 

staff.  

Environmental management plans for the works must be developed by contractors before 

starting  work,  based  on  the  risk  assessments  carried  out  at  the  level  of  Electrica  group  and  the 

specific instructions of the group companies. These plans must be stunned by the contractor (general 

contractor) to all sub-contractors. 

During 2022, DEER’s organizational structure provided the OSH Department with OSH offi-

ces at the level of each area, as well as quality Management and Environment Service.

Technical projects including the section on social, environmental and SSM risks and measures 

to reduce them are part of the contract signed with contractors and are binding on them and their 

It is necessary to obtain certification of the environmental management system in accordan-

subcontractors. 

ce  with  the  ISO14001  standard,  following  the  integration  of  the  systems  of  the  3  DSOs  that  have 

Ensuring the accommodation of workers 

merged.

Certification of DEER’s environmental management system in accordance with ISO 14001:2015 

Check the accommodation conditions provided to workers who cannot return home daily 

(where relevant), ensuring it at an adequate level of quality and in accordance with the EBRD/IFC 

was obtained in April 2021. The company has maintained its certification according to the require-

guidelines.

ments of the ISO 14001:2015 and ISO 45001:2018 reference standards, granted by the external certi-

fication body SRAC Cert.

Project-Specific Risk Assessments

Development  and  implementation  of  a  standardized  instrument  for  the  assessment  of 

The  accommodation  conditions  for  its  staff  are  checked  and  controlled  at  the  time  of  the 

accommodation, and DEER will review the procedure on the SSM line control to include the check of 

the accommodation conditions in the control actions for the contracted investment works. 

.

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Gender-based violence and harassment Policy (GBVH)

PCBs

Update the Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct to include a gender-based violence and 

Continuation  at  DEER  level  of  the  program  to  eliminate  PCBs  (polychlorinated  biphenyls) 

harassment Policy (GBVH Policy) aligned with international best practices.

from electrical installations in operation, the deadline for complete disposal being 2028, with annual 

The  policy  on  preventing,  combating  and  sanctioning  any  forms  of  harassment  in  the 

reporting to the EBRD. 

workplace was adopted by ELSA and DEER, being being in the process of adoption at the level of the 

The  process  of  removing  PCBs  (polychlorinated  biphenyls)  from  electrical  installations  in 

other companies within the Electrica Group. The Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct has been 

operation  continued  throughout  2022,  which  ensures  the  company’s  comfort  in  implementing  the 

updated to include references to this new policy. 

Restructuring with reduced personnel

The  company  will  develop  and  maintain  provisions  on  personnel  reduction  (collective/

individual redundancies) in the collective Labour Agreement and will plan restructuring initiatives in 

alignment with the EBRD guidelines in the field, so as to minimize the social and economic impact 

national disposal program within the set deadline (2028), according to GD 1497/2008. A total of 351 

pieces were removed from operation in 2022, thus reaching a total of 1489 pieces of PCB capacitors 

in operation at the end of 2022. The process is monitored annually based on reports, the results being 

published in the Sustainability Report of the Electrica Group.

Health and Safety System and Policy

of staff reductions, if necessary. These initiatives will be designed in accordance with good practice 

Maintaining the certification of the SSO Management System according to ISO 45001:2018 

and in compliance with national law. The Company shall inform the Bank of any major restructuring 

for DEER. Revision of OSH policy 

(more  than  500  affected  employees)  and  shall  submit  a  plan  for  tarting/reducing  the  impact  at 

least 1 month before the CIM is terminated. Restructuring programs that will affect more than 100 

employees, but less than 500 employees will be presented in the Annual Report. 

The certification of the occupational safety and health management system in accordance 

with  the  ISO  45001:2018  standard  was  maintained  at  DEER  level  in  2022,  without  any  major  non-

conformities from the external certification body SRAC CERT. The policy statement was revised to 

The provisions on restructuring/reorganization with reduced staff at group level are included 

capture the integrated approach following the merger of the OD since the first quarter of 2021. 

in the collective labor contract signed with the trade unions and renegotiated every two years. 

In  2022  the  Policy  statement  on  the  integrated  System  quality,  Environment,  Health  and 

Given the evolution of financial and operational performance recorded in recent years, but 

Safety at work was approved according to HCM 03/02 February 2022.

also the transformations and trends in the energy sector, in the first part of 2022 a reorganization 

plan  was  developed  as  a  necessary  and  appropriate  measure  of  adaptation  to  the  current  market 

context, strongly affected by the energy market crisis and, subsequently, by external events in the 

new geopolitical context that indirectly affect the national economic context. These measures have 

led  to  the  simplification  of  hierarchical  structures  and  the  reduction  of  a  number  of  32  positions 

(mainly management), by abolishing for reasons not related to the employee’s person and a number 

of 19 employees have left the organization following the collective dismissal process.

Analysis of greenhouse gas emissions

Elaboration of a study on greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) at the level of the operations of the 

Electrica Group and identification of areas with potential to reduce emissions, with the publication of 

the results in the Sustainability Report of the Electrica Group for 2021. Annual overview of the state 

of implementation of the measures and progress made in reducing emissions in the Sustainability 

Report. 

The project on determining the level of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) for the activities 

of the Electrica Group and identifying areas with potential to reduce emissions has been developed 

at the level of each company in the group and its implementation will be started at the beginning of 

2023. The results were published in the Sustainability Report of the Electrica Group for year 2021. 

At DEER level, the carbon Footprint Action Plan for 2023 has been developed.

Energy management 

Asbestos 

Carrying out a study on asbestos-containing materials for the targeted transformation stations 

(by the CAPEX Plan) and developing an asbestos management plan for the locations included in the 

CAPEX  Plan,  in  order  to  facilitate  a  comprehensive  investigation,  DEER  must  also  ensure  that,  all 

electrical equipment is insulated and safe during the study. Waste management procedures during 

investment  works  documented  by  environmental  management  plans  during  work  should  include 

preventive measures/approaches to situations where asbestos is identified during work and should 

comply with the asbestos Management Plan. Maintain a plan to assess and eliminate asbestos risk. 

DEER continued to monitor the state of degradation of the asbestos-cement coating for the 

posts, transformation stations and administrative buildings, being replaced with other materials by 

third-party companies during the restoration/modernization works.

Community Health & Safety 

After the implementation of the CAPEX Plan, the distribution infrastructure must be inspected 

periodically to verify that the equipment is properly installed and that the elements that ensure the 

protection of the community (for example, when electrocution) are functional/applied as part of the 

infrastructure maintenance plan. Any unprotected equipment that could cause damage to the local 

community must be reported and repaired/replaced. 

During  the  implementation  of  the  maintenance  Plan,  DEER  teams  constantly  check  the 

distribution infrastructure to ensure that the equipment is properly installed and that the elements 

Implementation and certification of the Energy Management System, in accordance with the 

that  ensure  the  protection  of  the  community  (for  example,  when  it  comes  to  electrocution)  are 

requirements of ISO 50001 standard at the level of the Electrica Group. 

functional/applied. Any situation where it is found that there is unprotected equipment that could 

The  implementation  of  the  Energy  Management  System  at  DEER  level  is  foreseen  after 

the  completion  of  the  organizational  transformation  project  following  the  merger  of  distribution 

operators, so that the certification will be obtained in 2024. 

cause damage to local communities is immediately remedied. 

.

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Working at Height and Lockout/Grounding Instruction 

Land Acquisition Framework

Ensuring that the SSM documentation providing rules for the voltage removal and ensuring the 

If  it  will  be  necessary  to  purchase  land  for  the  implementation  of  the  CAPEX  Program,  a 

working area for electricity distribution networks and installations complies with the regulations in force 

document will be developed to define the Land acquisition Framework (LAF), which will present the 

at national level. Completion of the electrical separation and working at height instruction/instructions. 

Electrica policy on fair compensation and compliance of the procurement process with the relevant 

The SSM instructions on the de-voltage and the provision of the working area for networks 

and distribution installations, as well as on working at height, are in force and comply with national 

regulations. 

Visual Impacts 

Assessing the visual impact for new networks in the design phase and establishing mitigation 

national legislation and RP5. It will ensure compliance with this framework for installations part of 

the CAPEX program. 

No  new  land  surveys  were  required  for  the  development  of  the  distribution  infrastructure 

that is the subject of the Investment Plan so far. 

Bird death monitoring

measures, e.g. moving lines underground, changing routes by taking into account local communities’ 

Develop and implement a system for monitoring mortality among birds due to their collision 

perception of their construction (through environmental and social management plans) in compliance 

with LEA, providing annual estimates of mortality. The monitoring will be done by on-site trips with 

with national legislation in this field. 

search on the ground. 

At the design stage DEER adopts technical solutions taking into account the visual impact of 

DEER has developed an instruction  on bird mortality monitoring based on SCADA system 

its future distribution installations (replacement of overhead power lines with underground cables), 

alerts and field trips to identify carcasses, which is under approval. 

in accordance with the applicable legal provisions, especially at the community level. 

Emergency Preparedness and Response

According  to  Annex  1  of  the  DEER-I-5-PS-6.1.2  Instruction  for  2022,  the  “Register  for 

monitoring the mortality of birds following interaction with electrical installations” was developed.

Checking the emergency plans and ensuring the endowment of all locations with extinguishers 

Avoiding and mitigating against bird deaths

within the validity term, in accordance with the provisions of the legislation in force. 

The continuation of the replacement of the lines with classical (uninsulated) conductor with 

For  all  locations  owned  by  DEER,  there  are  defined  fire  prevention  plans.  Preventive 

twisted (insulated) conductors, within the investment projects carried out in areas with significant 

measures  are  implemented  and  consist  of:  Control  of  compliance  with  legal  regulations  by  own 

activity  of  birds,  defined  by  the  relevant  NGOs  and  environmental  authorities.  It  will  continue 

authorized personnel; regular entry for all categories of employees, in accordance with the approved 

the  installation  of  stork  nests  on  the  low  and  medium  voltage  LEA  poles  and  the  installation  of 

annual  training  programs;  evacuation  and  intervention  exercises  in  case  of  emergency  situations; 

electoinsulating sheaths to protect all these species that have their habitats in DEER activity areas. 

maintenance  of  fire  prevention  and  extinguishing  equipment  and  facilities  for  each  location  with 

Mapping sensitive areas from a biodiversity perspective. If necessary, bird markers shall be used and 

authorized providers; maintenance of unobstructed access on evacuation routes; additional actions 

the risk of electric shock of birds shall be reduced by a suitable design of the insulation of electrical 

to prevent fires for the hot and cold season. 

Noise monitoring 

Monitoring the noise level for areas with high sensitivity (residential, hospitals, schools) that 

claim the noise level generated by DEER equipment and establishing and implementing mitigation/

reduction measures, if necessary (if measurements indicate overruns of the legislated level). 

installations. It will be considered for all new or modernized LEA to have safety elements that will 

lead to the avoidance of mortality among birds. 

In the design phase for new networks or the modernization of existing electrical networks, 

DEER  adopts  technical  solutions  designed  to  ensure  the  protection  of  biodiversity  and  considers 

the replacement of overhead lines with underground lines, of non-insulated conductors with twisted 

conductor, the installation of insulating sheaths. Technical guidelines are being developed to ensure a 

.

A  new  environmental  control  instruction,  including  noise  monitoring  activity  for  DEER 

unified approach to the design of power grids at DEER level, which will include standardized measures 

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installations, has been developed and approved at company level.

for bird protection. 

In 2022, sonometers were purchased for all regional structures. According to Annex 1.1 of the 

DEER –I 3 – PS – 6.1 – F01 instruction for 2023, noise measurements were planned for areas with high 

sensitivity.

Electromagnetic Fields

Continue monitoring potential impacts from electromagnetic fields (EMF) from transformer 

stations and transmission lines in compliance with National legislation with respect to EMF. 

There  are  studies  on  electromagnetic  fields  for  the  distribution  infrastructure  of  DEER 

indicating that they are within the limits of national legislation. DEER analyzes options for including 

electromagnetic  field  measurements  for  new  installations  in  the  commissioning  process  and  for 

independent studies. 

The procedure for random discoveries (cultural values) 

Adoption of a Protocol on random discoveries in order to identify and effectively manage 
any  discoveries  with  cultural  value  that  occurred  during  the  implementation  of  the  projects.  This 

protocol  should  define  the  internal  communication/escalation  chain,  the  notification  of  relevant 

institutions with regard to discovered objects/sites, the information of the personnel involved in the 

projects on the possibility of such discoveries and the way of surrounding the area in order to protect 

against  destruction  or  alteration  of  the  discoveries,  where  necessary.  The  protocol  will  be  aligned 

with the rules for the application of Law 50/1991 on the authorization of construction works. 

The accidental Discovery Protocol is part of all DEER contracts as a separate section/clause. 

The section/clause of the contract that refers to it will be published on DEER website by the end of 

the first quarter of 2022. 

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Update Stakeholder Engagement Policy (SEP)

Updating the engagement methods used in accordance with the policy in order to align with 

what is actually done and developing the section on complaints and integrity warnings. 

In the context of specific legislation transposing EU unbundling directives, DEER is working 

toward  finalizing  its  own  stakeholder  engagement  policy  involving  all  relevant  departments.  The 

policy will be published on the company’s website after obtaining all necessary corporate approvals. 

Stakeholder Engagement for the 2021-2023 CAPEX Plan

Development of a stakeholder engagement plan dedicated to the CAPEX Program 2021 – 

2023 to ensure that all the necessary involvement/consultation activities are carried out during the 

implementation of the following projects included in the CAPEX Program financed by the EBRD. 

DEER has a stakeholder engagement plan, and the Investment Plan section will be presented 

on DEER website. 

A unitary mechanism for monitoring complaints/complaints 

Development  and  implementation  of  a  unitary  it  system  at  DEER  level  of  registration, 
analysis, resolution in their legal framework in accordance with the legal requirements (ANRE). The 

complaints  registered  directly  with  DEER  will  be  recognized  and  resolved  in  accordance  with  the 
regulations in force (ANRE) (between 15 days and 30 days to respond, depending on the nature of 

the complaint/complaint). 

4.10. Internal audit activity report for 2022

The  Internal  Audit  Department  is  responsible  for  conducting  risk-based  audit  missions  at 

Group companies’ level. 

The Internal Audit Squad performs its activity based on an annual audit plan, which is endor-

sed by the Audit and Risk Committee, and subsequently approved by the Board of Directors. The 

2022 Audit Plan included assurance and operational missions, as well as ad-hoc audit missions star-

ted after their validation by the Audit and Risk Committee. The Audit Plan is aligned with the risk 

register at Group level and prioritizes the main risks identified for the major business areas.

During 2022, assurance audit missions were carried out, as well as various ad-hoc missions 

on the most important business activities. The audit missions were performed on major projects or 

events within the Group, but also on Treasury activity, Legal activity and Shares Management. The 

Audit and Risk Committee together with the Board of Directors analyzed the audit reports regarding 

the findings identified, as well as the action plans established to remedy them.

Throughout 2022, the Internal Audit Squad team consisted of four internal auditors, out of 

which one has a management role, two have part time work and one with a full-time work starting 

with November 2022.

Among the most important audit missions carried out in 2022 are:

1. Evaluation and audit of Treasury activity. The audit report contains 3 findings of which 0 with 

The mechanism for monitoring complaints is defined according to the regulations in force 

high impact.

and  available  on  DEER  website.  Records  of  complaints  and  complaints  are  kept  and  submitted  to 

2. Evaluation and audit of Legal activity. The audit report issued contains 1 finding with low im-

ANRE regulator upon request or during the performed controls. 

pact.

Community Guide to Security

Develop  a  guide  that  contains  relevant  information  about  the  process  of  electricity 

distribution. The guide addresses with priority the local communities served by DEER activity and 

presents details regarding: DEER’s emergency procedure for the safe erection of the fallen LEA poles; 

the activities of involvement of the interested parties and the mechanism for submitting complaints/

complaints;  Determination  of  the  levels  of  electromagnetic  fields  in  transformer  and  LEA  stations 

and  its  impact  on  health;  risk  related  to  theft  of  electricity,  etc.  Consideration  will  also  be  given 

to the implementation of other mechanisms to raise awareness of the local community about the 

safety in the use of electricity energy (through the European Commission’s “Energy saving” program 

(“Economie la energie”), for example. 

The community guide is included in DEER Communication Strategy and Plan and is intended 

to be launched by the end of first quarter 2022. 

Ensuring reporting in line with the provisions of the EU Directive on non-financial reporting 

and including in the Sustainability Report relevant information on the climate impact produced in 

accordance with the Green and Social Taxonomy adopted since 2022. 

The  Electrica  Group  publishes  its  sustainability  report  annually  in  accordance  with  the 

provisions of the EU Directive on non-financial reporting and will include starting with 2022 relevant 

information in accordance with the Green and Social Taxonomy. 

3. Evaluation an audit of Shares Management. The audit report issued doesn`t contain any find-

ings regarding this activity.

4. Three “follow-up” missions were carried out at Group level, which were aimed to identify and 
monitor the implementation degree of the audit recommendations related to the issued re-
ports.

5. Based on the procedure for analysing whistleblower complaints, 34 warnings were received 
through the whistleblower system. Out of the total number of warnings received during the 
year 2022, ELSA Internal Audit Squad analysed 8 warnings received in 2022.

The audit reports are agreed by executive management and further submitted to the Audit 

and Risk Committee of ELSA, as well as to the Board of Directors. Following the conclusion of the 

audit engagements and after agreeing the audit recommendations with the responsible persons, the 
Internal Audit Squad works together with the audited structures in order to draw up the action plans 
aimed to reduce or eliminate the identified risks.

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5 Operating activity of Electrica in 2022

110

111

5 Operating 

activity  

of Electrica in 

2022

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5.1. Operating segments

The operations of each reportable segment are summarized below.

Table 14. Operating segments

Segments

Operations

Electricity and gas supply

Electricity distribution

Electricity generation

External electricity network 
services

Headquarters

Source: Electrica

Purchasing and supplying electricity and gas to end consumers (EFSA, includ-
ing the trading and representation activity on the Balancing Market as Balance 
Responsible Party – BRP)
Electricity distribution service (include DEER and activity performed by SERV 
within distribution segment)
Production of electricity from renewable sources (photovoltaic panels)
Repairs,  maintenance,  and  other  services  for  electricity  networks  owned  by 
other distributors (includes Electrica SERV SA activity without the one men-
tioned above for the distribution segment)

Includes corporate services at parent level

The figure below shows the areas covered by the Group subsidiaries and the number of cus-

tomers/users they serve.

Figure 26: The geographical coverage of the companies in the Electrica Group in 2022

Network area of
Transilvania North
1.34 mn users

Network area of
Transilvania South
1.19 mn users

Source: Electrica 

Network area
of Muntenia North
1.33 mn users

Electrica Furnizare (EF)
3.5 mn
consumption places

Note: The figure refers to the company’s number of consumption places/users at 31 December 2022

DISTRIBUTION SEGMENT

Electrica Group’s distribution segment, starting with 1st of January 2021 refers to the activity 
of  DEER  (with  the  following  network  areas:  Transylvania  North,  Transylvania  South  and  Muntenia 
North) and SERV.

The electricity distribution segment is a regulated area of activity, in which operations are 
conducted in a geographically limited area in accordance with the concession agreement, the nature 
of the services provided, and the specific obligations are stipulated in the license conditions of the 
concessionaire operator. Thus, the electricity distribution subsidiary of Electrica Group is the energy 
distribution  operator  in  Transylvania  North  (Cluj,  Maramures,  Satu  Mare,  Salaj,  Bihor  and  Bistrita-
Nasaud  counties),  Transylvania  South  (Brasov,  Alba,  Sibiu,  Mures,  Harghita  and  Covasna  counties) 
and  Muntenia  North  (Prahova,  Buzau,  Dambovita,  Braila,  Galati  and  Vrancea  counties),  operating 
electrical installation with voltages between 0.4 kV and 110 kV.

DEER holds the exclusive electricity distribution license in these regions of network areas 
valid for the next seven years with an extension clause for another 25 years. Within its service for 

distribution  activity,  SERV  provides  maintenance,  repair  and  various  services  to  group  companies 
(car rental, rental of buildings etc.) as well as repairs and other related services to third parties.

The specific distribution tariffs are determined and approved by ANRE based on the “tariff 
basket cap” method as set out in ANRE Order no. 169/18 September 2018 regarding the approval of 
the tariff setting methodology for the electricity distribution service (applicable in the fourth regula-
tory period 2019 - 2023), with subsequent amendments, and respectively GEO no. 1/15 January 2020 
and ANRE Order no. 75/6 May 2020 regarding the establishment of RRR applied to the approval of 
tariffs for the electricity distribution service.

The regulatory method “tariff basket cap” aims to avoid significant fluctuations in the tariffs 
applied to the users for electricity distribution. The model for determining the regulated income is 
based  on  the  principle  of  remunerating  in  tariffs  the  justifiable  costs  recorded  by  the  distribution 
system  operator,  the  main  source  of  profit  of  the  distribution  company  being  the  rate  of  return 
of capital invested in the distribution activity.

The tariffs are adjusted annually, taking into account the operational performance achieved, 
the quantities of electricity distributed, the quantities and the purchase price of electricity needed to 
cover  network  losses  (NL),  controllable  and  noncontrollable  costs,  the  change  in  reactive  energy 
revenues from forecasted values, the depreciation and carrying out expected capitalizable expenses, 
the changes in actual gross profit from other activities compared to the forecasted one, as well as 
the corrections in previous periods carried out according to the methodology.

On 31 December 2022, the Group was in a deficit position, estimated at about RON 357 mn. 
(representing corrections related to the year 2022), which will be recovered through the distribution 
tariffs of the following years.

The current regulatory period (the fourth regulatory period – RP4) began on 1 January 2019 
and will end on 31 December 2023. The rules on RAB and distribution tariffs determination are ex-
pected to remain unchanged until the end of 2023. ANRE sets the annual level of distribution tariffs 
in  RON  per  MWh  for  each  distribution  company,  respectively  on  each  network  area  in  case  of  a 
merged DSO and for each voltage level (high, medium and low). The invoiced tariffs are summed up 
according to the related voltage level (e.g., the medium voltage tariff includes the high voltage tariff, 
and the low voltage tariff includes the high voltage and medium voltage tariff).

ANRE determines the regulated annual income required for each year of the regulatory pe-
riod based on projections submitted by distribution operators in accordance with the methodology 
requirements, at the beginning of the regulatory period.

The electricity distribution tariffs approved by ANRE starting with 1 April 2022 are as follows 

(RON/MWh):

Table 15. The electricity distribution tariffs approved by ANRE starting with 1 April 2022

Tariff
(RON/MWh)

MN
TN
TS

Source: ANRE

ANRE Order no.

28/23 March 2023

SUPPLY SEGMENT

Applicable starting with 1 April 2022

High
Voltage
23.35
23.77
24.63

Medium
Voltage
56.70
57.49
54.52

Low
Voltage
175.26
144.73
158.84

Electrica  Group  operates  on  the  electricity  supply  segment  through  its  subsidiary,  EFSA, 
both  on  the  regulated  electricity  market  (as  SoLR),  and  on  the  competitive  market,  at  a  national 
level. EFSA holds an electricity supply license that covers the entire Romanian territory, extented in 
2021 with 10 years. Additionally, holds a license for supplying natural gas, valid until 2032. 

The electricity market is split between the regulated market (through suppliers of last resort) 
and  the  competitive  market.  On  both  markets,  electricity  can  be  sold/purchased  wholesale  or 
retail.

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Last resort supliers market 

Currently, EFSA is a supplier of last resort for approximately 2 mn. customers with 1.8 mn 

consumption places.

Competitive market

In 2022, the trading on the wholesale competitive market is transparent, public, centralized 
and non-discriminatory and takes place on OPCOM platforms; prices can be freely negotiated by the 
parties on the competitive retail market. The participants on the wholesale market can trade electric-
ity based on bilateral contracts concluded on the markets managed by OPCOM or on the spot mar-
kets also managed by OPCOM.

BRP Electrica - Balance Responsible Party

The  activity  of  representation  in  the  Balancing  Market  as  the  Balance  Responsible  Party 

(BRP) took place within EFSA.

Starting with 1 April 2018, the client portfolio is diversified, consisting of producers (hydro, 
thermal, wind, photovoltaic, biogas, biomass), suppliers and distribution operators, ensuring the bal-
ancing service of over 23% of total electricity consumption from Romania.

The distribution companies within Electrica Group have delegated their responsibility to BRP 

EFSA. 

The Balancing Market, a component of the wholesale energy market, is a market for which 
each licensee must either assume the balancing responsibility or transfer the balancing responsibility 
to a BRP. By transferring the responsibility to a balance responsible party, there is the advantage of 
aggregating imbalances, in the sense of reducing costs on the Balancing Market compared to the 
situation where the producer/supplier/distributor would be itself a Balance Responsible Party.

ENERGY SERVICES SEGMENT

The Group’s portfolio also includes the energy services segment (equipment maintenance, 
repairs and other additional services related to the network), performed almost entirely for the dis-
tribution companies outside the Group. 

Until  30  November  2020,  the  segment  was  represented  by  SEM,  and  after  the  merger  by 
absorption between SERV and SEM, the segment includes the energy services activity within SERV. 

Electrica Serv will multiply the efforts to develop the market for “green energy” generation 
solutions  –  photovoltaic  power  plants  and  reactive  energy  compensators  –  by  strengthening  the 
partnership with Electrica Furnizare in finding solutions and opportunities for efficiency for custom-
ers,  by  mounting  photovoltaic  panels  and  reactive  energy  compensators,  intelligent  lighting  solu-
tions, backup power, smart metering.

The main objectives of the SERV for the next period are:
 – Expanding  the  activity  on  the  service  market  outside  ELSA  group  and  consolidating  in 
the business lines the new activities simultaneously with reactivating the old activities for 
which there is accumulated experience;

 – Adapting the business and staff structure to streamline the activity and compensate for 

the losses suffered in the last fiscal years;

 – Strengthening the current financial situation and reinvesting resources for the company’s 

development in new directions of development.

ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION

For the production segment, the development of the projects already purchased is contin-

ued in order to reach the ready to build stage, namely:

 – Final development regarding the final authorization process necessary to start the con-

struction;

 – Start planning activities for the construction phase for projects that will reach the ready to 

build stage in the first part of 2023.

In addition to the above-mentioned issues, activities are continued on:
 – Acquisitions of new projects regarding the production of electricity from renewable sourc-
es and/or the conclusion of partnerships through the acquisition of majority shareholdings 
in RES projects (already developed by potential partners);

 – Start  of  project  development  activities  for:  production  from  renewable  sources,  natural 
gas production, energy storage in batteries, hydrogen production and storage projects;
 – Start planning activities for the operation of EPE subsidiary, phered in line with the devel-

opment and implementation schedule of energy generation and storage projects.

Green certificates

Producers of electricity from renewable energy sources (RES) have the right, according to 
Law no. 220/2008, to receive a certain number of green certificates, depending on the technology 
used (for example: Hydraulics, wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, wind energy, bioliquids, biogas), for 
each MWh produced and delivered in the network and for a certain period of time, depending on the 
degree of novelty of the group/power plant. 

Stanesti photovoltaic Park has the right to receive, starting with February 2013, for a period 
of 15 (fifteen) years, 6 (six) green certificates for each MWh of electricity produced and delivered in 
the grid, of which, for the period 1 July 2013 - 31 December 2020, according to Law 23/2014 and Law 
184/2018, 2 (two) green certificates were postponed from trading, to be recovered in equal monthly 
installments starting with 1 January 2021 until 31 December 2030.

The green certificates issued by Transelectrica for the production carried out by the Stanesti 
photovoltaic park, during the validity period of the accreditation decision issued by ANRE, can be 
traded, according to GEO 24/2017, until 31 March 2032, respectively, after the expiry of the validity 
period of the accreditation decision (31 January 2028 in the case of Stanesti photovoltaic park). 

The valorization of the green certificates during 2022 was carried out on the spot market 
(PCSCV) and on the combined market (PCE-ESRE-CV). For the period of 12 (twelve) months ended 
on 30 December 2022, the trading of green certificates was made at the price of RON 144.6598/GC 
(2021: RON 142.2107/GC) on all markets as a result of the excess of GC offered for sale compared to 
the acquisition obligations of economic operators.

5.2. Fixed assets 

5.2.1 Tangible assets – summarize key aspects of their location and main 
characteristics

The number of users and volume of installations as of 31 December 2022 at the level of the 
three distribution regions (North Transylvania area - TN area, South Transylvania area - TS area and 
North Muntenia area - MN area) and total DEER (Romania Electrical Energy Distribution) are quanti-
fied as follows:

Table 16. Number of users and volume of installations as of 31 December 2022

Geographical coverage

Number of users, of which:
high voltage (HV – 110 Kv)
 medium voltage (MV)
 low voltage (LV)
Overhead power lines length, out of 
which:
high voltage (HV – 110 Kv)
 medium voltage (MV)
 low voltage (LV)
 out of which connections

UM

km²

no.
no.
no.
no.
km

km
km
km
km

TN

34.162

1.343.903
     35
   4.398
1.339.470
 53.147

 2.191
11.847
39.109
18.316

MN

TS

DEER (Total)

28.962

34.072

97.196

1.334.610
     39
   4.434
1.330.137
59.641

 2.146
12.641
44.854
24.378

1.196.729
     46
   3.086
1.193.597
46.045

 3.149
10.517
32.379
17.592

3.875.242
     120
   11.918
 3.863.204
158.833

 7.486
35.005
116.342
60.286

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UM

TN

MN

TS

DEER (Total)

km

km
km
km
km
MVA

Underground power lines length, out of 
which:
high voltage (HV – 110 Kv)
 medium voltage (MV)
low voltage (LV)
  out of which connections
Cumulative power of transformers/
power AT
in power stations
(HV/MV + MV/MV), out of which:
MVA
in HV/MV power stations
in MV/MV power stations
MVA
Switching stations/Transformer stations MVA
No. of substations, out of which:
HV/MT power stations
MT/MT power stations
Number of switching stations and 
transformer stations

pcs
pcs
pcs
pcs

MVA

17.770

  37
4.324
13.409
7.895
6.299

3.760

3.712
  48
2.539

121
92
29
9.388

12.424

  17
3.551
8.857
2.416
8.817

5.802

5.452
  350
3.015

213
125
 88
10.623

13.131

  63
3.709
9.359
3.088
6.842

4.152

4.146
  6
2.689

105
101
 4
9.686

43.325

  117
11.584
31.625
13.399
21.958

13.714

13.310
  404
 8.244

439
318
121
29.697

Source: Electrica

5.2.2 Tangible assets – summarize key aspects of their attrition

Most of the distribution installations currently in the patrimony of the electricity distribution 
company (detailed by geographical areas) within Electrica Group, about 80% of the total volume, 
was built in the period 1960-1990, in the successive stages of development of the National Energy 
System. This has led to a wide variety of equipment currently in operation. These represent installa-
tions made with Romanian technology in the period 1960 - 2000, where there is a high degree of 
physical and moral wear and tear. It should be noted that the installations put into operation between 
1980 - 2000 (approximately 10%) gradually exceed the normal operating time.

A relatively small category, representing about 20% of the total installations, is represented 
by the new installations, put into operation after 2000 and which are made to technical standards 
that meet the current requirements.

Depending on the voltage level, categories of installations, the year of commissioning and 
the  specific  operating  conditions,  the  degree  of  attrition  of  the  installations  can  be  assessed  as 
follows:

Table 17. Degree of attrition of the installations

High voltage power lines (110 kV) Underground power lines 

Medium voltage power lines

Low voltage power lines

Substations
Transformers

Source: Electrica

Overhead power lines
Underground power lines 
Overhead power lines
Underground power lines 
Overhead power lines

Pole - mounted
Concrete enclosure
Pad - mounted
Underground
Concrete base

TN

25%
74%
48%
57%
52%
57%
69%
44%
50%
69%
15%
10%

MN

45%
64%
63%
58%
68%
63%
73%
48%
65%
75%
95%
8%

TS

50%
75%
65%
60%
75%
68%
60%
50%
75%
20%
85%
12%

The lands on which the existing electrical distribution networks are located at the entry into 

force of Law 13/2007 are and remain the public property of the state. 

In general, electric distribution networks are developed on public land of the state (public 
roads, land of the UAT) and partly on private land (those that serve mainly the user who owns the 
property) for the location of transformative posts and/or individual bransings. 

In most cases the location of new distribution networks/installations is made in compliance 
with the urban regulations of the area. It is intended that the delimitation of the operator/user instal-
lations to be carried out at the limit of the private domain, with access from the public road. 

Maintenance of tangible assets, modernization and development of new assets is carried out 

on the basis of the annual maintenance plans and annual investment plans approved by ANRE. 

The  annual  investment  plans  are  approved  both  as  a  total  value  cap,  with  a  minimum  re-
quired  level,  to  be  achieved,  at  the  value  of  the  annual  depreciation,  as  well  as  detailed  covering 
every investment goal. 

The annual maintenance plans are valorically approved by ANRE and must be carried out in 

the amount of at least 95%.

5.2.3 Investments

The  investments  at  Electrica  Group  level  have  been  prioritized  considering  especially  the 
distribution company’s assets degree of wear, and with a particular focus on the improvement of the 
distribution service quality, the safety in operations, as well as the increase in efficiency.

The Group will continue to modernize and to develop the smart distribution network by in-
stalling  smart  network  infrastructure  systems,  such  as  SCADA,  SAD,  electricity  measurement  sys-
tems etc., in order to improve the energetic and operational efficiency, to improve the network flex-
ibility, the distribution service quality and to ensure the continuity in the electricity supply and the 
networks’ safety.

In the investments’ program implementation, the Group’s strategy and in particular the fol-
lowing criteria are ensured:

 – tracking the inclusion of regulated investments in the RAB;
 – non-regulated  investments  of  the  Group  must  provide  an  internal  rate  of  return  higher 

than the weighted average cost of capital;

 – the proposed investment program must follow the Group’s financial strategy of maintain-

ing a solid capital structure.

Thus, those categories of capital expenses that contribute to the development of a profitable 
and sustainable distribution activity, as well as to the creation of the conditions of access to the elec-
tricity distribution network for the consumers and electricity producers, in accordance with market 
requirements, are prioritized, based in particular on:

 – distribution automation by integrating of the installation in SCADA, SAD, DMS etc.;
 – modernizing the equipment from the substations and the medium voltage network;
 – introducing  equipment  with  reduced  technological  losses,  higher  operating  efficiencies 

and environmentally friendly;

 – modernizing of the medium and low voltage distribution network and connections;
 – expansion  of  modern  systems  for  measuring  electricity  consumption  and  transmitting 

consumption data.

At the same time, the Group is considering investments in the upgrade of IT infrastructure 
and IT systems, considering both the legal requirements regarding data protection and the positive 
effect on the quality of the services provided. 

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The following table presents the investment program approved by ANRE for the distribution 

area within Electrica Group for the period 2019 - 2023 (in 2018 real terms): 

Table 18. Investment program approved by ANRE for 2019-2023 (RON mn.)

Commissioning program approved by ANRE for the period 2019 - 2023 (RON mn.)

2019

190

200

200

590

2020

175

190

190

555

2021

170

170

160

500

2022

160

170

160

490

2023

160

160

165

485

Total

855

890

875

2,620

SDTN

SDTS

SDMN

Total

Source: ANRE

In  2022,  Electrica  Group  companies  realized  the  following  investments,  compared  to  the 

planned values.

Table 19. Investments planned 2022 vs achieved 2022 (RON mn.)

Electrica Group subsidiary (RON mn.)

Planned 2022

Achieved 2022

DEER, TN area
DEER, TS area
DEER, MN area
EFSA 
SERV 
ELSA
Total

Source: Electrica

218.8
242.2
228.0
47.2
3.6
10.6
750.5

191.4
198.2
196.8
     10.4
1.8
2.2
600.8

At  Electrica  Group  level,  in  2022,  the  consolidated  CAPEX  plan  was  achieved  at  a  rate  of 
80,1% compared to the plan approved by the Board of Directors of ELSA in April 2022, and for the 
distribution subsidiary DEER, the average degree of achievement is of 85.1% compared to the ap-
proved plan.

The synthetic structure of investments achieved (CAPEX) by the distribution subsidiary in 
2022 is presented in the table below (for details of the most important investments see Appendix 2).

Table 20. The synthetic structure of investments achieved by distribution subsidiary in 2022 
(RON mn.)

Category of works (RON mn.)

Efficiency, out of which:
Energy efficiency/NL
Operational efficiency

.

Quality of distribution service, out of which:
Continuity of supply
Energy quality
Legal obligations (network extention/reinforcement)
Connections (additional to the plan)

Other categories, out of which:
Endowment, Independent equipment (including vehicles & 
IT)
Studies and projects for the coming years

Total

Source: Electrica

Total

141
93
48

384
108
74
67
135

62

54

8

586

The main investments of the Electrica Group were focused in 2022 on improving the quality 

of the distribution service, as well as on increasing the energy and operational efficiency.

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Figure 27: The structure of CAPEX achievements  
for distribution operator within the Group, in 2022 (RON mn.)

Endowment, independent 
equipment (incl. vehicles & IT)
RON 54 mn 
9%

Studies and projects 
for the coming years
RON 8 mn
1%

Energy efficiency/NL
RON 93 mn 
16%

Connections 
(additional to the 
plan)
RON 135 mn
23%

Operational efficiency
RON 48 mn 
8%

Continuity of supply
RON 108 mn
19%

Legal obligations
(network extention/
reinforcement)
RON 67 mn 
11%

Source: Electrica 

Energy quality
RON 74 mn
13%

The approved plan of investments to be commissioned in 2022 for Societatea Distributie 
Energie Electrica (DEER), the distribution company within Electrica group, was in total amount of 
RON 587.1 mn., this value also including investments carried forward, for the year 2021 (RON 28.6 
mn.). 

The total value of the investments carried out and commissioned in 2022 by DEER is RON 

478.9 mn. representing an average percentage of 82% compared to the total planned value. 

From the total of RON 478.9 mn. investments carried out and commissioned, RON 398.9 mn. 
are related to 2022 plan, RON 66.1 mn. are additional works from legal obligations and RON 13.9 mn. 
represent investments carried forward from 2021 plan. 

Table 21. PIF plan vs achieved 2022 (RON mn.)

DEER (RON mn.)

Total 2022 plan

Total achieved 2022

MN area
TS area
TN area
Total DEER

Source: Electrica

189.4
205.8
191.9
587.1

153.0
146.8
179.1
 478.9

Total percentage of 
achievement %
81%
71%
93%
82%

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As a result of investments made during 2014-2022, the value of the Regulated Assets Base 
of the Group’s distribution operators has progressively changed, with an increasing evolution, and is 
as follows:

Table 22. RAB evolution 2014-2022 (RON mn.)

RAB (RON mn)

20141

20192

20203

20214

20225

2015

1,420

1,377

1,543

2016

1,519

1,388

1,581

2017

1,624

1,475

1,679

2018

1,728

1,521

1,769

1,331

1,333

1,486

4,150

4,340

4,488

4,779

5,019

5,460

5,764

1,856

1,691

1,913

1,952

1,778

2,035

2,200

1,847

2,098

5,967

2,102

1,896

2,158

6,156

SDTN

SDTS

SDMN

Total

Source: Electrica

5.2.4 Aspects of ownership of tangible assets 

The operation of assets is realized: 

i) under the concession contract, by which the Concendent (Ministry of Energy) has trans-
mitted to the concessionaire (distribution operator) the right and obligation to operate the activities 
and service of electricity distribution;

ii) based  on  the  distribution  license  -  Ordin  ANRE  73/2014  -  regarding  the  approval  of  the 
general conditions associated with the licenses for the provision of the electricity distribution service.

During the period of validity of the license, the license holder has the exclusive right to pro-
vide the electricity distribution service, under the conditions of the regulations in force, in the area 
defined  under  the  specific  conditions  associated  with  the  license,  using  the  electrical  distribution 
network that it holds as owner or with any other legal title, provided under the specific conditions 
associated with the license, in compliance with the provisions of the concession contract concluded 
with the contracting authority. 

In order to ensure the normal functioning of the distribution network that it operates, the li-
cense holder has the right to exercise, under the conditions of the Law, the rights provided by the law 
for the holders of licenses on land and public or private property of other natural or legal persons 
and on the activities carried out by natural and legal persons in the vicinity of the components of the 
electrical distribution network, as well as the right of access to public utilities. 

Obligations of the distribution license holder:
 y The obligation to allow the use of the electrical distribution network;
 y Ensuring the connection to public interest electricity networks; 

At the request of any natural or legal person, the license holder is obliged to provide access 
to  the  distribution  network  provided  under  the  specific  conditions  associated  with  the  license,  in 
order to make a new connection or to modify an existing connection. 
 y Development of the electrical distribution network.

The license holder is obliged to carry out planning and development works of the distribu-
tion  electrical  networks,  under  conditions  of  technical  and  economic  efficiency,  according  to  the 
provisions of the law and in compliance with the technical regulations in force.

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5.3. Procurement

The acquisition activity at the level of ELSA and its subsidiaries is carried out in accordance with 
the legal provisions in force, as well as its own procedures and regulations as the case may be, aiming 
to cover the needs of goods, services and works for the smooth running of the Group’s activities. 

In the case of distribution subsidiary DEER, the sectoral procurement legislation is observed, 
mainly Law no. 99/2016 on sector acquisitions and GD no. 394/2016 approving the methodological 
norms for the application of the provisions regarding the award of the sectoral contract/framework 
agreement of Law no. 99/2016 on sector acquisitions.

In some cases, the acquisitions are carried out and centralized by delegating the coordina-
tion of the acquisition to a group company, with the primary objective of reducing costs, optimizing 
the acquisition and ensuring a unitary policy within the Group. From the acquisitions made centrally, 
we mention the D&O insurance services and the acquisition of services for determining the carbon 
footprint at Electrica Group level for 2022.

5.4. Sales activity

Electrica Group’s revenues are influenced mainly by the distribution and supply segments. 
The contribution of the distribution segment to the total revenues was of 18.1% in 2022, while the 
contribution of the supply segment was of 81.8%. 

The Group’s distribution operators (one operator from 1 January 2021) are natural monopo-
lies in their respective markets and as such, they hold a dominant position. In addition, the Group’s 
distribution operators have a legal monopoly in their relevant regions; hence, other entities cannot 
set up a competing electricity distribution business. 

The following figure shows the national market share (based on the quantities of distributed 
electricity) held by the Group’s subsidiaries in the electricity distribution segment, according to the 
2021 ANRE report for performance indicators’ monitoring.

Figure 28: Market share of distribution segment in 2021

DEER TN,
12.72%

DEER TS,
14.01%

DEER MN,
13.16%

Others, 60.11%

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1  In 2018, ANRE communicated the final value of the investments recognised for 2014, due to this reason starting with 2014 
the RAB values have been modified.
2  The values estimated as of 31 December 2019 may suffer corrections/changes, following ANRE’s analysis process.
3  The values estimated as of 31 December 2020 may suffer corrections/changes following ANRE’s analysis process.
4 The values estimated as of 31 December 2021 may suffer corrections/changes following ANRE’s analysis process.
5 The estimated values for RP4 may suffer corrections/changes, following ANRE’s analysis process.

Source: ANRE Report for performance indicators’ monitoring 2021

Regarding the supply segment, although it holds a strong position on the electricity supply 

market, EFSA is facing growing competition on its market. 

The figures below shows Electrica market shares for the supply activity as of 30 September 

2022 (based on the quantities supplied):

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Figure 29: Last Resort suppliers market, 2022 

Figure 30: Competitive Market, 2022

ENEL2
26.91%

E.ON
Energie
Romania
17.61%

Electrica
Furnizare
30.53%

Tinmar
Energy
5.89%

CEZ Vanzare
19.06%

ENEL2
21.28%

Electrica
Furnizare
12.82%

E.ON Energie
Romania
8.98%

CEZ Vanzare
5.30%
Tinmar Energy
6.21%
Hidroelectrica
8.58%

Engie Romania
4.82%

Others
32.01%

Source: ANRE monthly report (September 2022)

Source: ANRE monthly report, September 2022

Note:  Others  category includes suppliers whose individual 
market shares are below 4%

Figure 31: Volume of electricity supplied on the 
retail market (TWh)

Figure 32: Evolution in number of costumers (th)  

8.5

3.7

9.2

4.4

4.9

4.9

9.3

4.2

5.1

9.4

5.6

3.8

2018

2019

2020

2021

8.6

5.4

2.4

0.9

2022

Serviciul Universal

Concurentiala

Serviciul Furnizor Ultima Instanta

3,541
253

3,553
269

3,583
314

3,288

3,284

3,269

3,510

1,556

1,953

2018

2019

2020

2021

3,498

1,645

1,817

36

2022

Serviciul Universal

Concurentiala

Serviciul Furnizor Ultima Instanta

Source: Electrica

Source: Electrica

Figure 33: Customers by electricity supplied volume, 
2022

Figure 34: Customers by revenues, 2022

Casnici -
serviciul
universal
35.57%

Non-casnici -
serviciul
universal
4.71%

Source: Electrica

Non-casnici -
piata
concurentiala
41.63%

Casnici -
serviciul
universal
39.21%

Non-casnici -
piata
concurentiala
36.15%

Casnici - piata concurentiala
18.10%

Non-casnici -
serviciul universal
6.20%

Source: Electrica

Casnici - piata concurentiala
18.44%

Major customers exposure 

EFSA does not have a significant exposure/concentration to a particular customer or group 
of customers that could have a major influence on its business. The market position provides an in-
herent advantage to have very large portfolio of customers and to obtain the dispersion of risk, and 
as such there is no risk concentration. This advantage has been confirmed during the pandemic pe-
riod, proving that the economic sectors impacted by the pandemic, despite they generate significant 
exposures, they cannot represent systemic dangers to the entire company’ s portfolio.

However,  certain  consumers,  as  hospitals,  ambulance  stations,  schools,  kindergarten  and 
nurseries, air and air or maritime traffic services are considered to have a special importance and 
they cannot be disconnected by the electricity suppliers. Customers who fall under the insolvency 
law can benefit from its protection against its creditors, and therefore possibly also from electricity 

suppliers  for  the  electricity  supply  contracts  in  force  at  the  date  of  initiation  of  insolvency 
procedures.

BRP Electrica - Balance Responsible Party 

The representation activity in the Balancing Market as the Balance Responsible Party (BRP) 
is carried out by Electrica Furnizare SA based on the electricity supply license no. 2279/04 August 
2021. 

BRP EFSA’s client portfolio is diversified, consisting of producers (hydro, thermal, wind, pho-

tovoltaic, biogas, biomass), suppliers and distribution operators. 

At the end of 2022, about 108 licensed participants have delegated their responsibility to 

BRP EFSA, out of which:

 y 11 suppliers, representing 10.19% out of total BRP;
 y 5 distribution operators, representing 4.63% out of total BRP, and
 y 92 producers, representing 85.19% out of total BRP;

compared to the end of 2021, when about 96 licensed participants were registered.

In 2022, the average number of customers was about 106, larger than the average of 2021 
(97) and an average number of over 300 bilateral contracts, respectively exchanges with OPCOM, 
were notified. 

Starting with February 2021, the settlement in EM is performed at an interval of 15 minutes 
using the methodology of unique price in accordance with the ANRE Order no. 213/2020. These in-
tervals with unique price do not allow compensations, and those with dual price are reduced.

In 2022 out of a number of 35,040 intervals, a dual price was applied on a number of 2,899 

intervals (8.27%) resulting in a degree of compensation of approximately 51%. 

In 2022, because of internal compensations of imbalances, within BRP EFSA, it was resulted 
an improvement of surplus and deficit prices by 48.14 RON/Mwh compared to the imbalance prices 
calculated by OTS/OPCOM.

Year 2022
OPCOM Average surplus price

866.75

BRP EFSA Average surplus price

914.72

OPCOM Average deficit price

BRP EFSA Average deficit price

1,057.39

1,009.25

Electrica Furnizare SA, through BRP service has been acting on the Intraday market starting 
with February 2021 in order to buy/sell electricy quantity not transacted on DAM (Day Ahead Market).

For 2022, the results for the trades in IM (Intraday Market) are the followings:

 y Buy – quantity of 51,189.43 MWh at an average price of 1,427.94 RON/MWh;
 y Sell - quantity of 47,565.08 MWh at an average price of 1,310.22 RON/MWh.

Out of total traded of 103,504.80 MWh (at an average price of 1,387.80 RON/MWh) on Buy 
in IM-OPCOM, EFSA traded a quantity of 51,189.43 MWh, representing approx. 49%. Out of the total 
traded of 138,392.78 MWh (at an average price of 1,306.21 RON/MWh) on Sell in IM-OPCOM, EFSA 
traded a quantity of 47,565.08 MW, representing approx. 34%.

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5.5. Personnel

On  31  December  2022,  Electrica  Group  had  7,911  employees.  The  table  below  provides  an 
overview of the employment in the Group, by business segments, at the end of the specified years. 
Starting with 2020, the figures include also the mandate contracts.

Table 23. Number of employees evolution 2022 - 2019

Electricity distribution segment - DEER

DEER - MN 

DEER - TN 

DEER - TS 

Services segment - SERV 

Supply segment – EFSA
Services related to other distribution networks – SEM 
(included in SERV starting December 2020)
Headquarters – ELSA

Total 

Source: Electrica

2022*

6,555

2,211

2,262

2,082

469

816

0

71

7,911

2021*

6,454

2,156

2,259

2,039

612

838

0

109

8,013

2020*

7,213

2,184

2,248

2,087

694

793

0

120

8,126

2019

6,972

2,191

2,233

2,085

463

896

296

128

8,292

*According to the modified reporting methodology to INS, the employees number from 31 December 2022 also includes 23 
persons who worked based on a mandate agreement.

In addition to the traditional areas of interest, new ones appeared, such as the development 
of new activities, based on innovative technology, the development of a closer relationship with cus-
tomers, based on the development of competencies, but also on an offer of products and services 
aligned with their needs, which led to an increase in the number of employees within the Group.

Also, ensuring the necessary human resources (from internal resources or through specific 
recruitment) for key business areas and training staff and capitalizing on its potential, expertise and 
skills,  in  order  to  increase  labor  productivity  and  individual  performance,  are  treated  as  priority 
topics.

As  of  31  December  2022,  approximately  72%  of  the  Group’s  employees  represent  directly 
productive staff, and 28% represent indirectly productive staff, including technical, economic, social 
and administrative personnel.

Table 24. Group’s employment by age, 2022-2020

Age category

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

under 18

.

18-30

31-40

41-50

51-60

over 60 years old

Total

Source: Electrica

0.00%

5.1%

14.7%

34.3%

43.3%

2.6%

100%

0.00%

4.76%

16.06%

34.96%

41.44%

2.85%

100%

0.01%

4.60%

16.32%

36.99%

39.26%

2.82%

100%

As of 31 December 2022, about 98% of the Group’s employees are union members and their 
employment conditions are governed by the Collective Labor Agreement, which will expire on 17 May 
2024 for ELSA and between February- June 2024 for the Group’s subsidiaries. 

The Electrica Group did not face union actions in 2022.

In 2022,  on the Services segment of the Group, a voluntary leave program took place (51 
departures), continuing the processes of identifying the personnel with expertise in order to ensure 

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the performance and efficiency of the activities at the level required by the regulatory authorities 
and the energy market. 

In the first part of 2022, the reorganization plan of S.E. Electrica S.A. was implemented in-
cluding organizational measures that took into account the resizing and redefinition of the staffing 
scheme, as well its organization and operation model, for adapting to the current conditions of the 
Company’s activity on the energy market, streamlining the activity, improving the organization’s per-
formance and consolidating medium and long-term results. These measures led to the simplification 
of  hierarchical  structures  and  the  reduction  of  a  number  of  32  positions  (mainly  middle  manage-
ment), through employment contract termination for reasons unrelated to the employee, and a num-
ber of 19 employees left the organization following the collective dismissal process. One of the stra-
tegic objectives is education and training to ensure the necessary quality staff, with the expected 
result of building an internal professional training system, which addresses the main skills needed by 
employees, to increase and maintain organizational capabilities and to support performance. During 
2022, the training program in the dual education system continued, within the Distribution Subsidiary, 
targeting High School classes with an energetic profile.

The Group is involved in the life of the communities in which it operates, supporting children 
of  families  with  modest  material  possibilities  to  remain  in  the  education  system,  and  at  the  same 
time, forming a solid base of young electricians who will be able in the future to join the distribution 
company, depending on the workforce need.

Both ELSA and its subsidiaries prepared and updated policies, procedures and internal reg-
ulations that contain provisions regarding employment, non-discrimination, occupational health and 
safety, employer and employees’ rights and obligations, the procedure for solving the employees’ 
complaints, the labor discipline, disciplinary sanctions and deviations, rules regarding the disciplinary 
procedure, criteria and procedures for the professional evaluation of employees, succession and final 
provisions.

Also, the improvement and continuous development of the performance management sys-
tem contributes to the achievement of Electrica Group key objectives, set for the 2019-2023 period 
(Improving  operational  performance  to  continuously  increase  the  quality  of  customer  service  and 
Increasing performance and strengthening the sustainability of economic results).

By adopting the human resources strategy, the Group aims to ensure the qualified resources 
necessary to support the initiatives for the next period, in the conditions of an accentuated dynamics 
of the labor market.

Another desideratum, established by the strategic objective regarding the modernization, is 
the increase of the employees’ trust in the employer and the creation of a suitable working environ-
ment for collaboration and obtaining the envisaged performances. Thus, in order to improve the in-
teractions of the Electrica Group employees with the human resources departments, to increase the 
employee retention and to improve the perception on the organizational culture.

.

Also, in order to improve the employer’s image and the continuation of the pandemic con-
text during 2022, the hybrid („work from home/office”) system was implemented within the Electrica 
Group, complying with the internally defined processes, regarding workplace safety and human re-
sources activity management. 

The organizational culture modernization, having as central elements „excellence” and „safe-
ty”, is one of the strategic objectives, and one of the projects in this area carried out at the Group 
level is represented by the training of agents, with the role of supporting organizational changes and 
subsequent optimization of business processes. This program aims to promote opening to the new 
challenges  and  to  encourage  employees  to  propose  solutions  to  solve  the  problems  they  face  at 
work. Lean agents are employees who not only accept the change, but contribute to identification of 
the solutions and support their implementation. 

Another objective of major interest is the performance management, as a coherent system 
that evaluates as objectively as possible the activity of the employees, in close correlation with the 
system of compensations and benefits and the professional development one.

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2022 Directors’ Report

In 2022, it was continued the methodological and conceptual framework for the application 
of international best practices was developed to increase the maturity of the performance manage-
ment system within Electrica, which considers the continuous improvement of the employee evalua-
tion process and the development of the necessary tools to build a solid performance-based system. 
At the level of the entire Group, the 360-degree evaluation process was carried out, with the aim of 
developing a culture of feedback within the organization. 

The training programs carried out at the Electrica Group level considered both the constant 
evolution  and  the  improvement  of  the  Group  employees’  skills.  The  company’s  management  sup-
ports  the  principle  of  development  through  continuous  training  by  involving  employees  in  these 
programs, thus supporting them to effectively address their professional challenges.

HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK

In  2022,  all  the  companies  of  the  Electrica  Group  maintained  their  Integrated  Quality-
Environment  Management  System  certification,  which  ensures  the  compliance  of  the  companies 
with the legal requirements in the field of occupational health and safety and with those of the SR 
ISO 45001:2018 referential. There is thus a guarantee that services and processes are provided and 
carried  out  in  safe  conditions  for  the  company’s  own  staff  and  contractors,  as  well  as  for 
customers.

The work accidents situation and specific indicators at Electrica Group level  

In 2022 there were 2 fatal accidents at Electrica Group.

The total number of work-related accidents in the Group was 5, of which 2 were fatal.

The complex of complementary causes and contributing factors that led to the occurrence 
of each of these accidents was analysed at DEER level by the legally constituted committees, and the 
investigation files include the measures to prevent similar situations that need to be implemented 
by the company. Two of the work accidents recorded at group level were caused by the materializa-
tion of the risk of electrocution (1 fatality), two were caused by the materialization of the risk of fall-
ing from height (1 fatality), and one was caused by a physical aggression.

An occupational health and safety event occurred due to the health condition of the staff, 
without being classified as a work-related accident, resulting in the death of a DEER employee due 
to pathological causes.

The frequency index (FI), expressed as the number of accidents per 1,000 employees is for 
2022 at Electrica Group level 0.66‰, registering a small increase compared to 2021 due to the sen-
sitive reduction of the number of staff at the group level. 

Figure 35: Frequency index 2020-2022

Frequency Index

0.75

0.63

0.78

0.66

2021

2022

Group

National

0.66

0.40

2020

Source: Electrica

IF  is  a  statistical  indicator  recommended  by  the  International  Labour  Organization  (ILO) 
through the Resolution on Statistics of Occupational Injuries adopted in October 1998 as it correlates 
the number of accidents with the number of workers, increasing the comparability of organisation’s 
performance in the field of OSH and eliminating distortions caused by the size of these organisations 
(number of employees in each organisation).

Starting with 2020 and continuing in the following years, the IF for Electrica Group has been 
consistently below the national value of the indicator and well below the level recorded for the indus-
try in which it operates.

Aspects regarding the employees health  

The Electrica Group’s field of activity does not involve a risk of developing diseases caused 
exclusively by working conditions, so no occupational diseases have been recorded in 2022 or in 
previous years.

Prevention, monitoring and occupational health insurance at Electrica Group level was car-
ried out by doctors with specialisation in occupational medicine through dedicated service contracts 
and was followed up at ELSA level for the portfolio companies through reports.

Actions to improve safety and health of employees at work place       

A  sustained  effort  on  the  part  of  the  OSH  teams  at  the  level  of  each  company  within  the 
Group required throughout 2022 to ensure the monitoring of the OSH activity, the main actions de-
fined and managed being:

 – the establishment of Occupational Safety and Health Committees;

 – carrying out an assessment of the risks of injury and occupational illness for all existing 

workplaces and drawing up the Prevention and Protection Plan;

 – regular occupational health and safety, fire safety and civil protection training every six 
months, as well as additional training; training of new employees, in accordance with the 
instructions in force, by means of general introductory and job-specific training;

 – signing Occupational Safety and Health agreements with each contractor involved in pro-

viding services to the company;

 – carrying out internal checks on occupational safety and health and fire safety. The controls 

focused on compliance with specific legislation and internal regulations in this area;

 – monitoring the state of health of employees, for which contracts for occupational health 
services were concluded. On the basis of these contracts, medical examinations were car-
ried out on recruitment and regular medical check-ups.

In 2022 the total number of SSM - SU training hours reached 313,295, compared to 315,295 

SSM - SU training hours in 2021, the decrease being due to staff reductions.   

1999, represents the total number of OSH controls carried out at the level of the Electrica 
Group with its own personnel, to identify deficiencies that could generate risks for the safety and 
health at work of employees, these controls being followed by immediate treatment of the non-com-
pliances found.

Although during the reference period there were numerous controls by the Territorial Labour 
Inspectorates and Emergency Situations Inspectorates, no sanctions were imposed on any of the 
Group companies.

5.6. Environmental considerations

The year 2022 meant for the Electrica Group environmental protection expenses amounting 
to RON 20.2 mn., increase compared to previous year. This expenditure was mainly aimed at the pre-
vention  and  protection  against  forest  fires,  the  collection  and  disposal  of  waste,  the  reduction  of 
emissions into the atmosphere, the protection and conservation of flora and fauna species, the pro-
tection and recovery of land, etc. 

At the level of the Electrica Group, we strive to have a detailed picture of the forms of impact 
our activities have on the environment and to identify optimal solutions for their management. In 
2022 a first CO₂ - equivalent GHG assessment exercise was launched for 2021. In this study, all the 
activities of the group companies were analyzed, and the result shows that an important source of 
GHG emissions is the own technological consumption (NL) in the distribution networks (the results 
are presented in the Sustainability Report for 2021). 

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2022 Directors’ Report

At the Group’ distribution operator DEER level in 2022 continued the program of elimination 
of PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) from electrical installations in operation within the legal dead-
line set at national level - year 2028 (cf. GD no. 1497/2008) - total elimination of them. 

Figure 36: PCB capacitors in operation at the end of 2022 compared to 2021

1,489

1,756

2022

2021

Source: Electrica

For responsible waste management and the safe disposal of the generated waste, a unified 
process has been defined and implemented at the level of Electrica Group, governed by the princi-
ples of selective collection and recycling – when its requirements are met - or destruction with au-
thorised operators.

Figure 37: Waste processing

3,283

4,675

218

Recycling

Incineration

Final Storage

Temporary
Storage

Source: Electrica

76,123

67,947

Following  external  certification/supervisory  audits  carried  out  by  the  certification  body 
SRAC Cert, companies within Electrica Group obtained or maintained in 2022 the certifications for 
their Integrated Management Systems Quality – Environment –SSM through which the environmental 
aspects specific to the performed activities are managed in a responsible and efficient manner, in 
accordance with the provisions of the international standard SR EN ISO 14001:2015.

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5.7. Research and development activities

Electrica Group is promoting technological innovation by participating in research and de-
velopment projects financed/co-financed through European funds, which aims to empower the resil-
ience  of  energy  systems  with  an  increasingly  complex  structure  but  also  more  vulnerable  to 
cyber-attacks.

Thus, with the integration of an increasing number of distributed generation sources in the 
distribution network increases the role of intelligent technologies as well in network operation by 
remote monitoring, control, or operation and even more by network self-healing implementation.

The growing number of cyber security incidents in the energy system as well as the need for 
shielding against a variety of threats require novel and holistic solutions that employ cutting edge 
technologies  to  detect  and  mitigate  threats,  ensuring  compliance  with  the  latest  cyber  security 
standards.

In this context, Electrica participates in the European project ELECTRON - resilient and self-
healed  EleCTRical  power  Nanogrid,  financed  by  the  EU,  which  addresses  the  need  to  protect  the 

distribution network against a variety of threats, ranging from cyberattacks, dynamic and evolving 
Advanced Persistent Threats (APT), and privacy violations, to electricity disturbances.

The project aims at delivering a new-generation EPES (Electrical Power and Energy System) 
platform, capable of empowering the resilience of energy systems through risk assessment, anomaly 
detection and prevention, failure mitigation and energy restoration, and personnel training. 

The project is carried out by a consortium of 34 organizations (companies, universities, etc.), 
coordinated by Intrasoft International, Belgium, with a duration of 36 months starting from October 
2021.

Electrica achievements:
 y Use case 4 defining - Proactive islanding, that fulfills an efficient detection of cyber threats: 
addressing and mitigating cyber-attacks in the Romanian Energy Chain - in the 1st year of 
the project;

 y Implementation  of  Security  and  confidentiality  requirements  for  users  according  to  the 

legislation - in the 2nd year of the project;

 y Analysis of the opportunity to implement the platforms proposed in the project - in the 

2nd year of the project;

 y Vulnerability  and  impact  analysis:  estimating  the  severity  of  a  vulnerability  on  a  certain 

asset - in the 2nd year of the project;

 y Threat level and types of attackers - in the 2nd year of the project;
 y Testing  of  ELECTRON  components  -  Use  case  at  4  enterprise  level  to  ensure  increased 
resistance of the energy system, while ensuring business continuity and critical operations 
of the energy community - in the 2nd year of the project.

5.8. Significant aspects regarding the impact on the 
recognition of financial assets as a result of the 
amendment of the concession agreements – S-IFRS-EU

Distribution segment

Financial  asset  recognition  from  amendment  of  concession  agreements  with  Ministry  of 

Energy   

On  20  January  2023,  the  Ministry  of  Energy  as  concessionaire  amended  the  concession 
agreement with the Group for the distribution segment to reflect that in case of early termination of 
the  concession  agreement,  for  any  reasons,  the  cocessionaire  would  reimburse  to  the  Group  the 
value of actual costs with the purchase of electricity for own technological consumption compared 
to the costs included in the regulated tariffs.

The  amendments  to  the  concession  agreements  have  been  agreed  with  the  Ministry  of 
Energy  before  31  December  2022,  however  the  addendums  were  issued  on  20  January  2023.  All 
facts  and  circumstances  were  available  as  of  31  December  2022,  therefore  Group  accounted  for 
these amendments as a subsequent adjusting event for the year ended 31 December 2022 and rec-
ognised a financial asset.

Based on the concession contracts amendments, the additional cost of purchasing electric-
ity for covering the own technological consumption of the distribution operators, carried out starting 
with 1 January 2022, as in art.III from GEO 119/2022 (actual costs with the purchase of electricity for 
own technological consumption (“NL”) coverage compared to the costs included in the regulated 
tariffs)  are  recognised  as  financial  asset  as  part  of  the  concession  agreement.  Such  amounts  are 
guaranteed by the concession agreement which is enforceable by law. The operator has an uncondi-
tional contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset from or at the direction of the grant-
or; the grantor has no discretion to avoid payments in case of early termination of the concession 
agreements.

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2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

5.9. Significant aspects of the impact of subsidies on 
the capitalization of additional costs related to 
technological consumption (NL) – S-OMFP 2844/2016

Distribution segment

Having regard to the following aspects concerning the recent legislative changes in the en-
ergy sector concerning the recognition in tariffs of the additional costs of the purchase of electricity 
to  cover  their  technological  consumption  compared  to  the  costs  included  in  the  regulated  tariffs, 
introduced by:

 y ANRE  order  no.  129/2022  for  the  approval  of  the  methodological  norms  regarding  the 
recognition in tariffs of the additional costs with the acquisition of electricity to cover the 
own technological consumption compared to the costs included in the regulated tariffs;
 y Emergency Ordinance no. 119/2022 amending and supplementing the Government Emer-
gency Ordinance no. 27/2022 on the measures applicable to final customers in the elec-
tricity and natural gas market during 1 April 2022-31 March 2023, as well as amending and 
supplementing some normative acts in the field of energy, approved and amended by Law 
no. 357/2022; 

 y Transposing the provisions of the normative acts from the primary and secondary legis-
lation into the financial accounting area by order no. 3900/2022 regarding the approval 
of accounting specifications in the application of the provisions of art. III of Government 
Emergency Ordinance no. 119/2022 amending and supplementing Government Emergen-
cy Ordinance no. 27/2022 on the measures applicable to final customers in the electricity 
and natural gas market between 1 April 2022-31 March 2023, as well as for the modification 
and completion of some normative acts in the field of energy.

Starting  with  September  2022,  it  is  allowed  to  capitalize,  recognize  and  report  additional 

costs related to the own technological consumption (NL) of distribution operators. 

5.10. Principle of business continuity – substantiation 
and working hypothesis

The going concern principle implies that the entity continues its normal operations without 

going into liquidation or significantly reducing its activity.

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. In mak-
ing this judgement, management considers ongoing performance and access to financial resources. 
The Group has prepared a forecast which includes the following assumptions: 

 – A continuation of the support scheme until 31 March 2025 as per current legislation, but 
with a more stable flow of subsidy claims repayment compared to last year as the mech-
anism has been operationally improved;

 – Use  of  confirmed  financing  facilities  up  to  RON  4,028.4  mn.,  including  overdraft  limits 

amounting to RON 2,743.5 mn. and long-term loans amounting to RON 1,284.8 mn;

 – Use of yet uncovered facilities in the amount of RON 283.0 mn. and non-recourse factor-
ing limits for subsidy repayment claims under the support scheme in the amount of RON 
350.0 mn., which will be drawn during the forecast period;

 – The Group has also obtained GSM approval to carry out one or more bond issues up to 
RON  900.0  mn.  in  the  period  2022-2023,  mainly  for  the  development  of  green  energy 
generation projects. Depending on the market context, a first issue of up to RON 450.0 
mn. is envisaged in the second part of 2023, and until it is used in the operationalization 
of green energy generation projects, the respective amounts attracted may be used as a 
liquidity buffer, at Group level.

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At the date of publication of these consolidated financial statements, the regulatory position 
may be subject to further change and there may be additional laws that could have a negative im-
pact on the Group’s operating cash flows in the forecast period. Given the current market uncertain-
ties, the Group is closely monitoring the market environment and is continuously analysing oppor-
tunities to optimise debt and increase bank overdrafts and long-term loans. Considering the Group’s 
importance as both supplier and distributor of electricity for the Romanian market with a market 
share of 40.7% (according to the latest available ANRE 2021 report for the distribution segment) on 
electricity distribution and 17.72% (according to the most recent ANRE October 2022 report for the 
supply segment) on the electricity supply market and the fact that the main shareholder of Electrica 
SA  is  the  Romanian  State,  the  management  believes  that  sufficient  financing  will  be  available  to 
cover any financing requirements that may result from these uncertainties and that the Group will be 
able to meet its obligations as they fall due. 

Based on the above forecasts and other information, considering the measures already im-
plemented and the risk mitigation strategies that may arise due to the unstable economic environ-
ment, the Board of Directors has, at the time of approval of the consolidated financial statements, 
reasonable expectations that the Group has adequate resources to continue its operations for the 
foreseeable future. Accordingly, management continues to prepare the consolidated financial state-
ments on a going concern basis.

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6 Electrica financial reporting for 2022

132

133

6 Electrica financial 

reporting for 2022

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

The overview of the company’s consolidated financials in chapters 6.1, 6.2. and 6.3 is based 
on the consolidated financial statements that have been prepared in accordance with the International 
Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) adopted by the European Union (“IFRS-EU”). These consoli-
dated financial statements are presented in RON, which is the functional currency of all companies 
within the Group.

The overview of the company’s consolidated financials in chapters 6.4, 6.5 and 6.6 is in ac-
cordance with the Order of the Ministry of Public Finance no. 2844/2016 adopted by the European 
Union (“IFRS-EU”). These consolidated financial statements are presented in RON, which is the func-
tional currency of all companies within the Group.

6.1. Consolidated statement of the financial position 
– S-IFRS-EU

The following table presents the consolidated statement of the financial position.

Table 25. Consolidated statement of the financial position 2022-2020 (RON. mn)

31 
December 
2022

31 
December 
2021

Variation 
2022/2021 
abs

31 
December 
2020

ASSETS
Non-current assets
Intangible assets related to concession agreements
Goodwill
Other intangible assets
Property, plant and equipment
Investments in associates
Other investments
Financial assets related to concession arrangements – 
non current portion
Deferred tax assets
Other non-current assets
Right of use assets
Total non-current assets

Current assets
Trade receivables
Other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Subsidies receivables
Inventories
Prepayments
Financial assets related to concession arrangements – 
current portion
Current income tax receivable
Assets held for sale
Total current assets

5,675.9
12.0
12.9
499.4
18.8
7.0

761.3

30.2
2.4
52.2
7,072.0

2,466.0
127.3
334.9
-
1,280.8
114.0
13.9

190.3

24.0
0.2
4,551.3

5,514.6
-
9.0
505.4
25.8
-

-

83.5
1.7
20.9
6,160.9

1,344.6
48.6
221.8
-
-
73.0
5.0

-

23.8
5.4
1,722.2

161.3
12.0
3.9
(6.0)
(7.0)
7.0

761.3

(53.4)
0.7
31.2
911.0

1,121.4
78.7
113.1
-
1,280.8
41.0
8.8

190.3

0.2
(5.1)
2,829.2

5,455.2
-
7.2
508.1
-
-

-

19.7
1.2
27.1
6,018.5

1,029.8
32.5
570.9
320.0
-
70.1
2.8

-

1.8
15.5
2,043.4

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Legal reserves
Retained earnings
Total equity attributable to shareholders of the 
Company
Non-controlling interests
Total equity attributable to shareholders of the 
Company

Liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Lease liability – long term
Deferred tax liabilities
Employee benefits
Other liabilities
Long-term bank borrowings
Total non-current liabilities

Current liabilities
Lease liability – short term
Bank overdrafts
Trade payables
Other payables
Deferred revenue
Employee benefits
Provisions
Current income tax liability
Current portion of long-term bank borrowings
Total current liabilities

31 
December 
2022
429.6
1,353.9

31 
December 
2021
408.4
950.2

Variation 
2022/2021 
abs
21.2
403.7

31 
December 
2020
392.3
1,759.6

5,367.8

4,953.6

(0.5)

-

5,367.2

4,953.6

414.2

(0.5)

413.7

5,760.3

-

5,760.3

34.5
212.6
117.3
72.4
647.2
1,083.9

19.2
2,571.0
1,407.1
867.5
24.8
114.2
53.7
1.1
113.5
5,172.2

12.1
161.9
149.2
32.7
118.8
474.7

9.4
627.4
891.3
271.3
9.7
101.1
34.9
-
509.7
2,454.9

22.4
50.6
(32.0)
39.7
528.4
609.2

9.8
1,943.6
515.8
596.3
15.1
13.1
18.8
1.1
(396.2)
2,717.3

16.9
177.8
143.9
33.9
400.3
772.7

10.7
165.0
607.2
240.9
5.6
92.3
19.2
9.2
378.6
1,528.8

Total liabilities

6,256.1

2,929.6

3,326.5

2,301.5

Total equity and liabilities

11,623.3

7,883.1

3,740.2

8,061.8

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

The materiality threshold established internally at the Group level for analysis of main indicators (presented 
below) is worth RON 68.1 mn., representing 5% of EBITDA.

Non-current assets

.

The non-current assets increased with RON 911.0 mn. in 2022, or 14.8%, from RON 6,160.9 
mn. as of 31 December 2021, to RON 7,072.0 mn. at 31 December 2022, this variation being the cu-
mulated effect of:

 – Increase  with  RON  161.3  mn.  of  network  investments  made  by  distribution  subsidiaries 
(most relevant values of investments and put into function are presented in Appendix 2); 
 – Positive impact in amount of RON 761.3 mn. from the initial recognition of financial assets 

related to concession arrangements – non current portion;

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Total assets

EQUITY AND 
LIABILITIES

Equity
Share capital
Share premium
Treasury shares reserves
Revaluation reserve

11,623.3

7,883.1

3,740.2

8,061.8

Current assets

3,464.4
103.0
(75.4)
92.1

3,464.4
103.0
(75.4)
102.8

-
-
-
(10.7)

3,464.4
103.0
(75.4)
116.4

In 2022, current assets increased by RON 2,829.2 mn. compared to 2021, or 164%, from RON 

1,722.2 mn. to RON 4,551.3 mn., this evolution being mainly from: 

 – value of cash and cash equivalents increased with RON 113.1 mn. mainly as a result of the 

increase in call deposits from RON 53.9 mn. in 2021 to RON 193.2 mn. in 2022;

 – trade receivables have increased with RON 1,121.4 mn. in 2022, mainly due to the supply 

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
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E
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135

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
segment corellated with the increase in sales;

Revaluation reserves

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

 – subsidies receivables registered in 2022 in amount of RON 1,280.8 mn.;
 – other receivables increased with RON 78.7 mn., from RON 48.6 mn. in 2021 to RON 127.3 

mn. in 2022.

 – initial recognition of financial assets related to concession arrangements – current portion 

in amount of RON 190.3 mn.. 

Trade receivables`

Trade receivables increased by RON 1,121.4 mn. or 83.4% during 2022, to RON 2,466.0 mn., 
from RON 1,344.6 mn. as at 31 December 2021. This variation is generated by increase of sales espe-
cially in the supply segment.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash balances, call deposits and bank accounts. 

The reconciliation between the opening balance and the closing balance of the revaluation 

reserve is presented below: 

Table 28. Revaluation reserves 2022-2020 (RON mn.)

Balance at 1 January
Revaluation surplus of land, land improvements and buildings
Release of revaluation reserve to retained earnings corresponding to 
depreciation and disposals of property, plant and equipment
Deferred tax liability arising on revaluation of land, land 
improvements and buildings
Balance at 31 December

2022
102.8
-

(10.7)

-

92.1

2021
116.4
-

(13.5)

-

102.8

2020
87.7
43.8

(7.2)

(7.9)

116.4

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

Their value increased by RON 113.1 mn. in 2022, or 51.0%, reaching RON 334.9 mn., from RON 

Legal reserves

221.8 mn. in 2021. 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances, call deposits and deposits with matur-
ities of three months or less from the set-up date that are subject to an insignificant risk of changes 
in their fair value and are used by the Group in the management of its short-term commitments.

The legal reserves are established as 5% of the profit before tax according to the individual 
statutory financial statements of companies within the Group, until the total legal reserves reach 20% 
of the paid-up share capital of each company, according to legal provisions. These reserves are de-
ductible for income tax purposes and are not distributable.

Table 26. Cash and cash equivalents 2022-2020 

Table 29. Legal reserves 2022-2020 (RON mn.)

(RON mn.)

Bank current accounts
Call deposits
Cash in hand
Total cash and cash equivalents in the 
consolidated statement of financial position
Overdrafts used for cash management purposes
Total cash and cash equivalents in the 
consolidated statement of cash flows

31 December 
2022
141.7
193.2
0.0

31 December 
2021
167.8
53.9
0.1

31 December 
2020
179.4
391.5
0.1

334.9

-

334.9

221.8

(627.4)

(405.6)

570.9

(165.0)

406.0

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

Share capital and share premium 

The  issued  share  capital  in  nominal  terms  consists  of  346,443,597  ordinary  shares  at  31 

December 2022 and 2021 with a nominal value of RON 10 per share. 

The  company  recognizes  the  changes  in  its  share  capital  only  after  their  approval  in  the 
General Meeting of Shareholders and their registration with the Trade Register. Contributions made 
by the shareholder, which are not registered with the Trade Register at the end of the year, are rec-
ognized as “Pre-paid capital contributions in kind from shareholders”.

There were no changes in the number of shares in 2022.

Table 27. Number of shares 2022 - 2020

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2022
346,443,597
-
346,443,597

Number of ordinary shares
2021
346,443,597
-

2020
345,939,929
-

346,443,597

346,443,597

Number of shares at 1 January
Shares issued during the year
Number of shares at 31 
December

Source: Electrica

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

136

Balance at 1 January 2020
Set-up of legal reserves
Balance at 31 December 2020
Set-up of legal reserves
Balance at 31 December 2021
Set-up of legal reserves
Balance at 31 December 2022

Legal reserves
371.8
20.4
392.3
16.1
408.4
21.2
429.6

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

Non-current liabilities

The  non-current  liabilities  have  considerably  increased  from  RON  474.7  mn.  as  per  31 

December 2021 to the value of RON 1,083.9 mn. as per 31 December 2022. 

This evolution is a net effect of the main non-current liabilities categories variation, of which 
the most significant relates to long-term borrowings, which increased due to withdraws performed 
in 2022 mainly to finance the group investments.

.

Current liabilities

In 2022, the current liabilities increased by RON 2,717.3 mn., to RON 5,172.2 mn., from RON 

2,454.9 mn. at the end of 2021, mainly because of the changes in the categories listed below.

Current portion of long-term bank borrowings 

The current portion of long-term bank borrowings decreased by RON 396.2 mn., following 
the fulfillment of financial covenants in 2022 (in 2021 not all of them were achieved), therefore the 
long-term portion was reclassed for the long-term loans from this category. 

Overdrafts

The  overdrafts  considerably  increased  in  2022  by  RON  1,943.6  mn.,  reaching  RON  2,571.0 
mn., from RON 627.4 mn. at the end of 2021, as the Group has prefinanced the support scheme ac-
cording to OUG 27/OUG 119 and had to cover its current activities financing needs.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

137

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

Trade payables

As of 31 December 2022, the trade payables increased by approx. RON 515.8 mn., to RON 
1,407.1 mn., from RON 891.3 mn. at 31 December 2021, mainly due to increase of suppliers’ balances 
following the changes on the electricity market. Electricity suppliers are mainly state-owned electric-
ity producers.

Other payables

As of 31 December 2022, other payables increased by RON 596.3 mn., to RON 867.5 mn., 
from RON 271.3 mn. at 31 December 2021, of which the VAT to be paid increased in 2022 up to RON 
565 mn. from RON 134 mn. in 2021. Also, in other liabilities are included guarantees from customers 
related to electricity supply.

6.2. Consolidated statement of profit  
or loss – S-IFRS-EU

The following table presents the consolidated statement of profit or loss of Electrica Group 

for 2022, 2021 and 2020. 

Table 30. Consolidated statement of profit or loss (RON mn.)

2022

2021

Variation 
2022/2021

2020

Revenue
Other income
Electricity and natural gas purchased  
Construction costs related to concession 
arrangements
Employee benefits
Repairs, maintenance and materials 
Depreciation and amortization
Reversal of impairment/(Impairment) for 
trade and other receivables, net
Other operating expenses
Operating profit

10,009.9
3,792.5
(10,506.8)

(593.5)

(823.4)
(88.2)
(496.2)

(112.3)

(353.0)
828.9

7,178.9
195.8
(5,694.7)

(485.8)

(802.7)
(102.4)
(480.8)

(70.6)

(343.2)
(605.5)

2,831.0
3,596.7
(4,812.1)

(107.7)

(20.7)
14.1
(15.4)

(41.7)

(9.8)
1,434.4

6,501.1
165.4
(3,905.7)

(676.0)

(774.5)
(104.6)
(490.9)

62.2

(325.1)
451.9

Gain from bargain purchase of 
subsidiaries*

-

-

-

7.5

Finance income
Finance costs
Net finance cost

Profit before tax
Income tax expense
Profit for the year

9.7
(174.7)
(165.0)

663.9
(105.1)
558.8

2.6
(29.5)
(26.9)

(632.4)
79.5
(552.9)

7.1
(145.2)
(138.1)

1,296.3
(184.6)
1,111.7

9.7
(26.7)
(17.1)

442.3
(54.8)
387.5

Earnings per share
Basic and diluted earnings per share 
(RON)

1.65

(1.63)

-

1.14

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

*the value is included in EBIT, is separated only for disclosure purposes  

The materiality threshold established internally at the Group level for analysis of main indicators (presented 
below) is worth RON 68.1 mn., representing 5% of EBITDA.  

Key financial indicators for 2022 and their y-o-y evolution:  
 – Revenues: RON 10,009.9 mn., an increase of RON 2,831.0 mn., or 39.4%;
 – EBITDA: profit RON 1,325.2 mn., an increase of RON 1,453.2 mn.;
 – EBIT: profit RON 828.9 mn., increase by RON 1,434.4 mn.;
 – EBT: profit RON 663.9 mn., an increase of RON 1,296.3 mn.;
 – Net result: profit of RON 558.8 mn., increase with RON 1,111.7 mn.

Revenues and other income 

In 2022, Electrica recorded total revenues (including other revenues) of RON 13,802.4 mn., 
increasing by RON 6,427.8 mn. or 87.2%, from RON 7,374.6 mn. in 2021; the variation is generated 
mainly by the revenues’ evolution, and the other operating income.

Revenues

Figure 38: Revenue for 2022/Q4 2022 and comparative information (RON mn.)

6,501
557

7,179

582

5,944

6,597

2,161
151
2,010

10,010
609

9,401

2,765
160

2,605

2020

2021

Q4 2021

2022

Q4 2022

Revenues excl Green Certificates

Green Certificates Revenues

Source: Electrica

The revenues increased by RON 2,831.0 mn., or 39.4%, being the net effect of the following 

main factors:

 – increase of RON 2,411.7 mn. on the supply segment; 
 – RON 427.7 mn. increase of the distribution segment’s revenues;
 – decrease with RON 16.5 mn. of revenues from energy services;
 – increase of RON 8,2 mn. on production of energy segment. 

Income from initial recognition of financial assets 

On the distribution segment the additional cost of purchasing electricity for covering the 
own technological consumption of the distribution operators (actual costs with the purchase of 
electricity for own technological consumption (“NL”) coverage compared to the costs included 
in the regulated tariffs) are recognised as financial asset as part of the concession agreement. Such 
amounts are guaranteed by the concession agreement which is enforceable by law. The  resulting 
financial assets are presented at the fair value determined as the net present value of the additional 
costs incurred with the purchase of electricity.

On  31  December  2022,  the  total  value  of  additional  costs  with  the  purchase  of  electricity 
incurred between 01 January 2022 and 31 December 2022, in amount of RON 951.6 mn., were recog-
nized as financial asset, as specified in the additional act to the concession contract concluded with 
the Ministry of Energy on 20 January 2023.

Electricity and natural gas purchased 

In  2022,  the  expense  for  electricity  purchased  increased  by  RON  4,812.1  mn.,  or  84.5%,  to 

RON 10,506.8 mn., from RON 5,694.7 mn. in the comparative period.

This variation is mainly generated by the increase of electricity costs and natural gas needed 

for the supply activity and to cover NL, as well as of green certificates cost (pass-through cost).

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

139

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

138

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The table below presents the structure of the electricity purchased expenses for the indicat-

Figure 40: EBIT and EBIT margin for 2022/Q4 2022 and comparative information (RON mn. and %)

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

ed periods:

Table 31. Electricity and natural gas purchased 2022-2020 (RON mn.)

(RON mn)

Electricity purchased to 
cover network losses
Electricity and natural gas 
purchased for supply
Transmission and system 
services related to supply 
activities
Green certificates
Total electricity and natural 
gas purchased 

Source: Electrica

Construction costs

2022

1,987.2

7,613.1

297.4

609.1

2021

1,087.1

3,750.0

275.9

581.7

Variation 
2021/2022

900.1

3,863.1

21.5

27.4

2020

694.0

2,377.2

277.3

557.2

10,506.8

5,694.7

4,812.1

3,905.7

In 2022, the network construction costs related to concession arrangements increased by 
RON 107.7 mn., or 22.2%, to RON 593.5 mn., from RON 485.8 mn. recorded in 2021, being correlated 
with the evolution of the investments recognizable in RAB realized in 2022, which were at a bigger 
level compared to 2021. 

EBITDA and EBITDA margin

Figure 39: EBITDA and EBITDA margin for 2022/Q4 2022 and comparative information (RON mn. and %)

14.7%

953

-1.8%

13.2%

1,325

8.0%

247

(128)

(602)

-27.8%

2020

2021

Q4 2021

2022

Q4 2022

EBITDA

EBITDA Margin

.

Source: Electrica

Operating profit

The Group EBIT increased by approx. RON 1,434.4 mn. y-o-y, adding to the EBIT evolution 
mainly the favorable impact of the initial recognition of financial assets rising from concession agree-
ments amendments capitalization of NL in amount of RON 951.6 mn..

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

140

7.1%

459

-8.4%

8.3%

829

3.5%

97

(606)

(721)

-33.4%

2020

2021

Q4 2021

2022

Q4 2022

EBIT

EBIT Margin

Source: Electrica

Net finance cost 

The net finance cost (loss) at group level increased by RON 138.1 mn. in 2022 compared to 
2021, as a result of the increase in external financing, but also from the reduction in finance income, 
following the deposits’ decrease.

Profit before tax 

The Group has registered a gross profit of RON 663.9 mn. in 2022, compared with the gross 

loss of RON 632.4 mn. in 2021, following the factors mentioned above.

Income tax expense 

The tax on income was an expense of RON 105.1 mn. in 2022, generated by the incurred gross 

profit.

Net result for the year

As a result of the above-described factors, in 2022, the net result is a profit of RON 558.8 

mn., representing an increase of RON 1,111.7 mn. compared to RON 552.9 mn. (loss) in 2021.

Figure 41: Net profit and Net profit margin for 2022/Q4 2022 and comparative information (RON mn. and 
%)

6.0%

388

-7.7%

5.6%

559

0.9%

25

(553)

(625)

-28.9%

2020

2021

Q4 2021

2022

Q4 2022

Net Result

Net Result Margin

Source: Electrica

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

141

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

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142

6.3. Consolidated cash flow statement – S-IFRS-EU

The following table presents the consolidated statement of cash flows of Electrica Group for 

2022, 2021 and 2020.

Table 32. Consolidated cash flow statement (RON mn.)

2022

2021

Variation
2022/2021

2020

558.8

(552.9)

1,111.7

387.5

19.9

476.5

21.1

459.7

(1.2)

16.5

(951.6)

-

(951.6)

(3.9)

3.9

27.9

463.1

-

0.6

Cash flows from operating activities

Profit for the year

Adjustments for:

Depreciation 

Amortization

Other income from initial recognition of 
financial assets rising from concession 
agreements amendments

Impairment of property, plant and equipment 
and intangible assets, net

Loss on disposal of property, plant and 
equipment and intangible assets

Evaluation of fixed assets recognized in 
profit, net

(Reversal of impairment)/Impairment of 
trade and other receivables, net

(Reversal of impairment)/Impairment of 
assets held for sale

Change in provisions, net

Net finance cost

Changes in employee benefits obligations

Gain from bargain acquisition of subsidiaries

Corporate income tax expense

(0.0)

(0.4)

-

112.3

-

18.8

165.0

(4.4)

-

105.1

500.1

2.7

-

70.6

0.6

15.7

26.9

5.1

-

(79.5)

(34.0)

Changes in:

Trade receivables

Other receivables

Prepayments

Inventories

Trade payables

Other payables

Employee benefits 

Deferred revenue

Subsidies receivables

(1,286.7)

(138.3)

(391.4)

(22.9)

(8.8)

(41.0)

494.6

722.4

(6.5)

15.1

(1,280.8)

(2.2)

(2.9)

274.8

32.5

3.2

4.0

-

(3.0)

(0.3)

-

41.7

(0.6)

3.1

138.1

(9.4)

-

184.6

534.1

(895.3)

(115.4)

(6.6)

(38.1)

219.8

689.9

(9.6)

11.1

(1,280.8)

2.4

(62.2)

(0.2)

(0.3)

17.1

-

(7.5)

54.8

882.9

(87.2)

3.8

0.6

4.3

(76.0)

(2.3)

14.7

(1.3)

-

.

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A
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2
2
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R
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A
U
N
N
A

143

Cash generated from operating activities

(1,030.0)

(138.9)

(891.1)

739.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

2022

2021

Variation
2022/2021

Interest paid

Income tax paid 

(149.4)

(1.2)

(24.1)

(31.4)

(125.3)

30.1

2020

(19.9)

(51.7)

Net cash from operating activities

(1,180.6)

(194.4)

(986.2)

667.9

Cash flows from investing activities

Payments for purchases of property, plant 
and equipment

Payments for network construction related 
to concession agreements

Payments for purchase of other intangible 
assets

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and 
equipment

Proceeds from deposits with maturity of 3 
months or longer

Interest received

Restricted cash

Net cash effect from gain of control over the 
acquired subsidiary

Payment for acquisition of associated

Payment for acquisition of subsidiaries

(8.3)

(10.5)

2.2

(6.7)

(537.8)

(483.9)

(54.0)

(638.0)

(7.8)

(6.3)

(1.5)

(0.9)

-

1.1

1.5

-

1.8

320.0

(320.0)

-

(25.8)

-

-

25.8

(4.5)

(2.2)

5.0

66.4

9.0

-

5.6

-

(8.0)

0.6

-

2.8

-

-

(0.0)

(4.5)

Net cash used in investing activities

(554.9)

(203.2)

(351.7)

(568.9)

Cash flows from financing activities

Proceeds from long term bank borrowings

Proceeds from overdrafts

Repayment of long term bank loans

Payment of lease liabilities

Dividends paid

217.6

1,900.4

(92.9)

(24.2)

(152.3)

234.7

-

(385.9)

(15.2)

(247.6)

(17.1)

1,900.4

292.9

(8.9)

95.3

354.3

-

(29.1)

(29.3)

(245.8)

Net cash from/(used in) financing activities

1,848.6

(414.0)

2,262.6

50.1

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash 
equivalents

113.1

(811.5)

Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January

(405.6)

406.0

Overdrafts used for cash management 
purposes

627.4

-

Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December 

334.9

(405.6)

924.6

(811.5)

627.4

740.5

149.1

256.9

-

406.0

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

The materiality threshold established internally at the Group level for analysis of main indicators (presented 
below) is worth RON 68.1 mn., representing 5% of EBITDA.

.

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A
S
A
C
R
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2
2
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R
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A
U
N
N
A

144

In 2022, the net increase in cash and cash equivalents amounted to RON 113.1 mn.

The net cash generated by the operating activity was loss of RON (1,180.6) mn. The net profit 
of  the  period  was  RON  558.8  mn.;  the  main  net  profit’s  adjustments  for  non-monetary  elements 
were: eliminating the NL additional costs amounting to RON 951.6 mn., adding the depreciation and 
amortization  of  RON  496.2  mn.,  eliminating  the  impact  of  the  impairment  of  trade  receivables  of 
RON 112.3 mn., adding the income tax of RON 105.1 mn. and the net finance cost of RON 165.0 mn.

Changes in working capital had a negative effect, of RON 1,030.0 mn., the most significant 
impact  being  generated  by  the  negative  change  in  trade  and  other  receivables,  in  the  amount  of 
RON 1,425.1 mn., in trade and other payables of RON 1,210.6 mn. (out of which, the change in employ-
ee benefits of RON 6.5 mn., having a negative impact) and in subsidies receivables in amount of RON 
1,280.8 mn.. Income tax paid and interest paid amounted to RON 150.6 mn.

For the investment activity, the cash used was of RON 554.9 mn., the most significant values 
being related to the payments for the construction and rehabilitation of RON 537.8 mn., these being 
increased y-o-y with RON 54.0 mn..

The  financing  activity  generated  a  decrease  in  cash  and  cash  equivalents  of  RON  2,262.6 
mn., the main factors being the proceeds from long term bank borrowings of RON 217.6 mn., pro-
ceeds from overdrafts of RON 1,900.4 mn., reimbursement of loans of RON 92.9 mn. and the divi-
dends paid to the shareholders, of RON 152.3 mn.

In 2021, the net decrease in cash and cash equivalents amounted to RON 811.5 mn.

The net cash generated by the operating activity was loss of RON (194.4) mn. The net loss of 
the period was RON (522.9) mn; the main net profit’s adjustments for non-monetary elements were: 
adding the depreciation and amortization of RON 480.8 mn, eliminating the impact of the impair-
ment of trade receivables of RON 70.6 mn, adding the income tax of RON 79.5 mn and the net fi-
nance cost of RON 26.9 mn.

Changes in working capital had a negative effect, of RON 138.9 mn, the most significant im-
pact being generated by the negative change in trade and other receivables, in the amount of RON 
414.3 mn, and in trade and other payables of RON 314.5 mn (out of which, the change in employee 
benefits of RON 3.2 mn, having a positive impact). Income tax paid and interest paid amounted to 
RON 55.5 mn.

For the investment activity, the cash used was of RON 203.2 mn, the most significant values 
being related to the payments for the network construction in connection with the concession agree-
ments of RON 483.9 mn, these being reduced y-o-y, but also to the investments in associates of RON 
25.8 mn.

The financing activity generated a decrease in cash and cash equivalents of RON 414.0 mn, 
the main factors being the proceeds from long term bank borrowings of RON 234.7 mn, reimburse-
ment of loans of RON 385.9 mn and the dividends paid to the shareholders, of RON 247.6 mn.

6.4. Consolidated statement of the financial 
position - S-OMFP 2844/2016

The following table presents the consolidated statement of the financial position.

Tabel 33. Consolidated statement of the financial position 2022-2020 (RON. mn)

31 December 
2022

31 December 2021

Variation 2022/2021 
abs

31 
December 
2020

ASSETS
Non-current assets
Intangible assets related to concession 
agreements
Intangible assets related to NL 
capitalization
Goodwill
Other intangible assets
Property, plant and equipment

5,675.9

5,514.6

951.6

12.0
12.9
499.4

-

-
9.0
505.4

161.3

951.6

12.0
3.9
(6.0)

5,455.2

-

-
7.2
508.1

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

145

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

Investments in associates
Other investments
Deferred tax assets
Other non-current assets
Right of use assets
Total non-current assets

Current assets
Trade receivables
Other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Subsidies receivables
Inventories
Prepayments
Current income tax receivable
Assets held for sale
Total current assets

31 December 
2022

31 December 2021

Variation 2022/2021 
abs

18.8
7.0
30.2
2.4
52.2
7,262.3

2,466.0
127.3
334.9
-
1,280.8
114.0
13.9
24.0
0.2
4,361.1

25.8
-
83.5
1.7
20.9
6,160.9

1,344.6
48.6
221.8
-
-
73.0
5.0
23.8
5.4
1,722.2

(7.0)
7.0
(53.4)
0.7
31.2
1,101.4

1,121.4
78.7
113.1
-
1,280.8
41.0
8.8
0.2
(5.1)
2,638.8

31 
December 
2020
-
-
19.7
1.2
27.1
6,018.5

1,029.8
32.5
570.9
320.0
-
70.1
2.8
1.8
15.5
2,043.4

Total assets

11,623.3

7,883.1

3,740.2

8,061.8

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

Equity
Share capital
Share premium
Treasury shares reserves
Revaluation reserve
Legal reserves
Retained earnings
Total equity attributable to 
shareholders of the Company
Non-controlling interests
Total equity attributable to 
shareholders of the Company

Liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Lease liability – long term
Deferred tax liabilities
Employee benefits
Other liabilities
Long-term bank borrowings
Total non-current liabilities

Current liabilities
Lease liability – short term
Bank overdrafts
Trade payables
Other payables
Deferred revenue
Employee benefits
Provisions
Current income tax liability

3,464.4
103.0
(75.4)
92.1
429.6
1,353.9

5,367.8

(0.5)

5,367.2

34.5
212.6
117.3
72.4
647.2
1,083.9

19.2
2,571.0
1,407.1
867.5
24.8
114.2
53.7
1.1

3,464.4
103.0
(75.4)
102.8
408.4
950.2

4,953.6

-

4,953.6

12.1
161.9
149.2
32.7
118.8
474.7

9.4
627.4
891.3
271.3
9.7
101.1
34.9
-

-
-
-
(10.7)
21.2
403.7

414.2

(0.5)

413.7

22.4
50.6
(32.0)
39.7
528.4
609.2

9.8
1,943.6
515.8
596.3
15.1
13.1
18.8
1.1

3,464.4
103.0
(75.4)
116.4
392.3
1,759.6

5,760.3

-

5,760.3

16.9
177.8
143.9
33.9
400.3
772.7

10.7
165.0
607.2
240.9
5.6
92.3
19.2
9.2

.

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S
A
C
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L
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2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

146

31 December 
2022

31 December 2021

Variation 2022/2021 
abs

Current portion of long-term bank 
borrowings
Total current liabilities

113.5

5,172.2

509.7

2,454.9

(396.2)

2,717.3

31 
December 
2020

378.6

1,528.8

Total liabilities

6,256.1

2,929.6

3,326.5

2,301.5

Total equity and liabilities

11,623.3

7,883.1

3,740.2

8,061.8

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

The materiality threshold established internally at the Group level for analysis of main indicators (presented 
below) is worth RON 68.1 mn., representing 5% of EBITDA.

Non-current assets

The non-current assets increased with RON 1,101.4 mn. in 2022, or 17.9%, from RON 6,160.9 
mn. as of 31 December 2021, to RON 7,262.3 mn. at 31 December 2022, this variation being the cumu-
lated effect of:

 – Increase  with  RON  161.3  mn.  of  network  investments  made  by  distribution  subsidiaries 
(most relevant values of investments and put into function are presented in Appendix 2); 
 – Positive impact in amount of RON 951.6 mn. from de capitalization of additional costs with 

own technological consumption;

Current assets

In  2022,  current  assets  increased  by  RON  2,638.8  mn.  compared  to  2021,  or  153.2%,  from 

RON 1,722.2 mn. to RON 4,361.1 mn., this evolution being mainly from: 

 – Value of cash and cash equivalents increased with RON 113.1 mn. mainly as a result of the 

increase in call deposits from RON 53.9 mn. in 2021 to RON 193.2 mn. in 2022;

 – trade receivables have increased with RON 1,121.4 mn. in 2022, mainly due to the supply 

segment corellated with the increase in sales;

 – subsidies receivables registered in 2022 in amount of RON 1,280.8 mn.;
 – other receivables increased with RON 78.7 mn., from RON 48.6 mn. in 2021 to RON 127.3 

mn. in 2022.

Trade receivables

Trade receivables increased by RON 1,121.4 mn. or 83.4% during 2022, to RON 2,466.0 mn., 
from RON 1,344.6 mn. as at 31 December 2021. This variation is generated by increase of sales espe-
cially in the supply segment.

.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash balances, call deposits and bank accounts. 

Their value increased by RON 113.1 mn. in 2022, or 51.0%, reaching RON 334.9 mn., from RON 

221.8 mn. in 2021. 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances, call deposits and deposits with matur-
ities of three months or less from the set-up date that are subject to an insignificant risk of changes 
in their fair value and are used by the Group in the management of its short-term commitments.

Tabel 34. Cash and cash equivalents 2022-2020 

(RON mn.)

Bank current accounts
Call deposits
Cash in hand
Total cash and cash equivalents in the 
consolidated statement of financial 
position

31 December 2022
141.7
193.2
0.0

31 December 2021
167.8
53.9
0.1

31 December 2020
179.4
391.5
0.1

334.9

221.8

570.9

.

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147

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

(RON mn.)
Overdrafts used for cash management 
purposes
Total cash and cash equivalents in the 
consolidated statement of cash flows

31 December 2022
-

334.9

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

(627.4)

(405.6)

(165.0)

406.0

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

Set-up of legal reserves
Balance at 31 December 2021
Set-up of legal reserves
Balance at 31 December 2022

Legal reserves
16.1
408.4
21.2
429.6

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

Share capital and share premium 

Non-current liabilities

The  issued  share  capital  in  nominal  terms  consists  of  346,443,597  ordinary  shares  at  31 

December 2022 and 2021 with a nominal value of RON 10 per share. 

The  company  recognizes  the  changes  in  its  share  capital  only  after  their  approval  in  the 
General Meeting of Shareholders and their registration with the Trade Register. Contributions made 
by the shareholder, which are not registered with the Trade Register at the end of the year, are rec-
ognized as “Pre-paid capital contributions in kind from shareholders”.

There were no changes in the number of shares in 2022.

Tabel 35. Number of shares 2022 - 2020

2022

Number of ordinary shares
2021

2020

346,443,597

346,443,597

345,939,929

-

346,443,597

-

-

346,443,597

346,443,597

Number of shares at 1 
January
Shares issued during the 
year
Number of shares at 31 
December

Source: Electrica

Revaluation reserves

The  non-current  liabilities  have  considerably  increased  from  RON  474.7  mn.  as  per  31 

December 2021 to the value of RON 1,083.9 mn. as per 31 December 2022. 

This evolution is a net effect of the main non-current liabilities categories variation, of which 
the most significant relates to long-term borrowings, which increased due to withdraws performed 
in 2022 mainly to finance the group investments.

Current liabilities

In 2022, the current liabilities increased by RON 2,717.3 mn., to RON 5,172.2 mn., from RON 

2,454.9 mn. at the end of 2021, mainly because of the changes in the categories listed below.

Current portion of long-term bank borrowings 

The current portion of long-term bank borrowings decreased by RON 396.2 mn., following 
the fulfillment of financial covenants in 2022 (in 2021 not all of them were achieved), therefore the 
long-term portion was reclassed for the long-term loans from this category. 

Overdrafts

The  overdrafts  considerably  increased  in  2022  by  RON  1,943.6  mn.,  reaching  RON  2,571.0 
mn., from RON 627.4 mn. at the end of 2021, as the Group has prefinanced the support scheme ac-
cording to OUG 27/OUG 119 and had to cover its current activities financing needs.

The reconciliation between the opening balance and the closing balance of the revaluation 

Trade payables

reserve is presented below: 

Tabel 36. Revaluation reserves 2022-2020 (RON mn.)

Balance at 1 January
Revaluation surplus of land, land improvements and 
buildings
Release of revaluation reserve to retained earnings 
corresponding to depreciation and disposals of 
property, plant and equipment
Deferred tax liability arising on revaluation of land, 
land improvements and buildings
Balance at 31 December

2022
102.8
-

(10.7)

-

92.1

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

Legal reserves

2021
116.4

-

(13.5)

-

102.8

2020
87.7

43.8

(7.2)

(7.9)

116.4

The legal reserves are established as 5% of the profit before tax according to the individual 
statutory financial statements of companies within the Group, until the total legal reserves reach 20% 
of the paid-up share capital of each company, according to legal provisions. These reserves are de-
ductible for income tax purposes and are not distributable.

Tabel 37. Legal reserves 2022-2020 (RON mn.)

Balance at 1 January 2020
Set-up of legal reserves
Balance at 31 December 2020

Legal reserves
371.8
20.4
392.3

As of 31 December 2022, the trade payables increased by approx. RON 515.8 mn., to RON 
1,407.1 mn., from RON 891.3 mn. at 31 December 2021, mainly due to increase of suppliers’ balances 
following the changes on the electricity market. Electricity suppliers are mainly state-owned electric-
ity producers.

Other payables

As of 31 December 2022, other payables increased by RON 596.3 mn., to RON 867.5 mn., 
from RON 271.3 mn. at 31 December 2021, of which the VAT to be paid increased in 2022 up to RON 
565 mn. from RON 134 mn. in 2021. Also, in other liabilities are included guarantees from customers 
related to electricity supply.

6.5. Consolidated statement of profit or loss - S-OMFP 
2844/2016

The following table presents the consolidated statement of profit or loss of Electrica Group 

for 2022, 2021 and 2020. 

Tabel 38. Consolidated statement of profit or loss (RON mn.)

2022

2021

Variation 
2022/2021

2020

Revenue
Other income
Capitalised costs of intangible non-current assets
Electricity and natural gas purchased  

10,009.9
2,841.0
989.3
(10,506.8)

7,178.9
195.8
-
(5,694.7)

2,831.0
2,645.2
989.3
(4,812.1)

6,501.1
165.4
-
(3,905.7)

.

.

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S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

148

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

149

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

2022

2021

Variation 
2022/2021

2020

The revenues increased by RON 2,831.0 mn., or 39.4%, being the net effect of the following 

main factors:

Construction costs related to concession arrangements
Employee benefits
Repairs, maintenance and materials 
Depreciation and amortization
Reversal of impairment/(Impairment) for trade and other 
receivables, net
Other operating expenses
Operating profit

(593.5)
(823.4)
(88.2)
(534.0)

(485.8)
(802.7)
(102.4)
(480.8)

(107.7)
(20.7)
14.2
(53.2)

(676.0)
(774.5)
(104.6)
(490.9)

(112.3)

(70.6)

(41.7)

62.2

(353.0)
828.9

(343.2)
(605.5)

(9.8)
1,434.4

(325.1)
451.9

Gain from bargain purchase of subsidiaries*

-

-

-

7.5

Finance income
Finance costs
Net finance cost

Profit before tax
Income tax expense
Profit for the year

9.7
(174.7)
(165.0)

663.9
(105.1)
558.8

2.6
(29.5)
(26.9)

(632.4)
79.5
(552.9)

7.1
(145.2)
(138.1)

1,296.3
(184.6)
1,111.7

9.7
(26.7)
(17.1)

442.3
(54.8)
387.5

Earnings per share
Basic and diluted earnings per share (RON)

1.65

(1.63)

-

1.14

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022
*the value is included in EBIT, is separated only for disclosure purposes
The materiality threshold established internally at the Group level for analysis of main indicators (presented 
below) is worth RON 68.1 mn., representing 5% of EBITDA.

Key financial indicators for 2022 and their y-o-y evolution:  
 – Revenues: RON 10,009.9 mn., an increase of RON 2,831.0 mn., or 39.4%;
 – EBITDA: profit RON 1,362.9 mn., an increase of RON 1,490.9 mn.;
 – EBIT: profit RON 828.9 mn., increase by RON 1,434.4 mn.;
 – EBT: profit RON 663.9 mn., an increase of RON 1,296.3 mn.;
 – Net result: profit of RON 558.8 mn., increase with RON 1,111.7 mn.

Revenues and other income 

In  2022,  Electrica  recorded  total  revenues  (including  other  income)  of  RON  12,850.9  mn., 
increasing by RON 5,476.2 mn. or 74.3%, from RON 7,374.6 mn. in 2021; the variation is generated 
mainly by the revenues’ evolution, and the other operating income.

.

 – increase of RON 2,411.7 mn. on the supply segment; 
 – RON 427.7 mn. increase of the distribution segment’s revenues;
 – decrease with RON 16.5 mn. of revenues from energy services;
 – increase of RON 8,2 mn. on production of energy segment. 

Income from the production of intangible assets 

On the distribution segment of the capitalization of additional costs with the purchase of 
electricity in the amount of RON 989.3 mn. (between the purchase price of electricity for own tech-
nological consumption versus the ex-ante purchase price recognized by ANRE in the related regulat-
ed tariffs 2022), realized in 2022, in order to cover own technological consumption (NL).

The  capitalization  of  the  additional  cost  with  the  purchase  of  electricity  made  in  2022  in 
order to cover NL compared to the costs included in the approved tariffs for 2022 is provided by 
GEO  119/2022,  for  the  modification  and  completion  of  GEO  no.  27/2022,  and  ANRE  Order  no. 
129/2022  approving  the  Methodological  Norms  regarding  the  recognition  in  tariffs  of  additional 
costs  with  the  purchase  of  electricity  to  cover  own  technological  consumption  compared  to  the 
costs included in the regulated tariffs published in MO 1019/19 October 2022. 

The capitalized costs are amortized over a period of 5 years from the date of capitalization 
and are remunerated with 50% of the regulated rate of return (RRR) approved by ANRE, applicable 
during the amortization period of those costs. These are recognized as a distinct component in the 
regulated tariffs, called the component related to additional costs with NL.

During 2022, the additional expenses for actual energy costs as compared with the ex-ante 
ANRE prices recognised in distribution tariffs are capitalised as intangible assets. These costs will be 
recuperated in tariffs in 5 years.

The capitalised costs with own technological consumption are recognized for each network 
distribution area, the first asset being recorded on 30 September 2022 and the second one on 31 
December 2022, is summarized below.

Tabel 39. NL - intangible assets 2022 (RON mn.)

Network 
distribution areas

Muntenia Nord area
Transilvania Nord 
area
Transilvania Sud 
area
Total

Source: Electrica

Intangible asset 01 
Jan-30 Sep 2022 
(gross value)
302.4

Intangible asset 01 
Oct-31 Dec 2022 
(gross value)
87.3

258.5

193.9

754.8

84.3

62.8

234.5

Amortisation during 
2022

15.1

12.9

9.7

37.7

Net carrying 
amount at 31 
December 2022
374.6

329.9

247.0

951.6

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

150

Revenues

Figure 43: Revenue for 2022/Q4 2022 and comparative information (RON mn.)

6,501
557

7,179

582

5,944

6,597

2,161
151
2,010

10,010
609

9,401

2,765
160

2,605

2020

2021

Q4 2021

2022

Q4 2022

Revenues excl Green Certificates

Green Certificates Revenues

Source: Electrica

Also, from the point of view of the financial treatment applicable to the difference from NL, 
it was published in MOf no. 1023 of 20 October 2022 OMFP no. 3900/19 October 2022, which brings 
accounting clarifications to the accounting regulations in force, supplementing OMFP 1802/2014 as 
well as OMFP 2844/2016, thus the difference from NL will be reflected by the capitalization of some 
(intangible) assets in the form of intangible assets, in correspondence with other incomes (incomes 
from the production of intangible assets).

Electricity and natural gas purchased 

In  2022,  the  expense  for  electricity  purchased  increased  by  RON  4,812.1  mn.,  or  84.5%,  to 

RON 10,506.8 mn., from RON 5,694.7 mn. in the comparative period.

This variation is mainly generated by the increase of electricity costs and natural gas needed 

for the supply activity and to cover NL, as well as of green certificates cost (pass-through cost).

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

151

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The table below presents the structure of the electricity purchased expenses for the indicat-

Figure 45: EBIT and EBIT margin for 2022/Q4 2022 and comparative information (RON mn. and %)

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

ed periods:

Tabel 40. Electricity and natural gas purchased 2022-2020 (RON mn.)

(RON mn)

2022

2021

Variation 
2021/2022

2020

Electricity purchased to cover network losses

1,987.2

1,087.1

900.1

694.0

Electricity and natural gas purchased for supply

7,613.1

3,750.0

3,863.1

2,377.2

Transmission and system services related to 
supply activities

Green certificates

297.4

609.1

275.9

581.7

21.5

27.4

277.3

557.2

7.1%

459

-8.4%

8.3%

829

3.5%

97

(606)

(721)

-33.4%

2020

2021

Q4 2021

2022

Q4 2022

Total electricity and natural gas purchased 

10,506.8

5,694.7

4,812.1

3,905.7

EBIT

EBIT Margin

Source: Electrica

Construction costs

Source: Electrica

Net finance cost 

In 2022, the network construction costs related to concession arrangements increased by 
RON 107.7 mn., or 22.2%, to RON 593.5 mn., from RON 485.8 mn. recorded in 2021, being correlated 
with the evolution of the investments recognizable in RAB realized in 2022, which were at a bigger 
level compared to 2021. 

The net finance cost (loss) at group level increased by RON 138.1 mn. in 2022 compared to 
2021, as a result of the increase in external financing, but also from the reduction in finance income, 
following the deposits’ decrease.

EBITDA and EBITDA margin

Profit before tax 

Figure 44: EBITDA and EBITDA margin for 2022/Q4 2022 and comparative information (RON mn. and %)

The Group has registered a gross profit of RON 663.9 mn. in 2022, compared with the gross 

14.7%

953

-1.8%

(128)

13.6%

1,363

9.4%

259

(602)
(602)

-27.8%

2020

2021

Q4 2021

2022

Q4 2022

EBITDA

EBITDA Margin

.

Source: Electrica

Operating profit

The Group EBIT increased by approx. RON 1,434.4 mn. y-o-y, adding to the EBIT evolution 

mainly the favorable impact of the capitalization of NL in amount of RON 989.3 mn..

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

152

loss of RON 632.4 mn. in 2021, following the factors mentioned above.

Income tax expense 

The tax on income was an expense of RON 105.1 mn. in 2022, generated by the incurred gross 

profit.

Net result for the year

As a result of the above-described factors, in 2022, the net result is a profit of RON 558.8 

mn., representing an increase of RON 1,111.7 mn. compared to RON 552.9 mn. (loss) in 2021.

Figure 46: Net profit and Net profit margin for 2022/Q4 2022 and comparative information (RON mn. and %)

6.0%

388

-7.7%

5.6%

559

0.9%

25

(553)

(625)

-28.9%

2020

2021

Q4 2021

2022

Q4 2022

Net Result

Net Result Margin

Source: Electrica

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

153

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

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154

6.6. Consolidated cash flow statement - S-OMFP 
2844/2016

The following table presents the consolidated statement of cash flows of Electrica Group for 

2022, 2021 and 2020.

Tabel 41. Consolidated cash flow statement (RON mn.)

2022

2021

Variation
2022/2021

2020

558.8

(552.9)

1,111.7

387.5

Cash flows from operating activities

Profit for the year

Adjustments for:

Depreciation 

Amortization

Capitalised costs of intangible non-current 
assets

Impairment of property, plant and 
equipment and intangible assets, net

Loss on disposal of property, plant and 
equipment and intangible assets

Evaluation of fixed assets recognized in 
profit, net

(Reversal of impairment)/Impairment of 
trade and other receivables, net

(Reversal of impairment)/Impairment of 
assets held for sale

Change in provisions, net

Net finance cost

Changes in employee benefits obligations

Gain from bargain acquisition of 
subsidiaries

Corporate income tax expense

Changes in:

Trade receivables

Other receivables

Prepayments

Inventories

Trade payables

Other payables

Employee benefits 

Deferred revenue

Subsidies receivables

19.9

514.2

(989.3)

(0.0)

(0.4)

-

112.3

-

18.8

165.0

(4.4)

-

105.1

500.1

(1,286.7)

(138.3)

(8.8)

(41.0)

494.6

722.4

(6.5)

15.1

(1,280.8)

21.1

459.7

-

(3.9)

2.7

-

70.6

0.6

15.7

26.9

5.1

-

(79.5)

(34.0)

(391.4)

(22.9)

(2.2)

(2.9)

274.8

32.5

3.2

4.0

-

Cash generated from operating activities

(1,030.0)

(138.9)

Interest paid

Income tax paid 

(149.4)

(1.2)

(24.1)

(31.4)

(1.2)

54.5

(989.3)

3.9

(3.0)

-

41.7

(0.6)

3.1

138.1

(9.4)

-

184.6

534.1

(895.3)

(115.4)

(6.6)

(38.1)

219.8

689.9

(9.6)

11.1

(1,280.8)

(891.1)

(125.3)

30.1

27.9

463.1

-

0.6

(0.3)

2.4

(62.2)

(0.2)

(0.3)

17.1

-

(7.5)

54.8

882.9

(87.2)

3.8

0.6

4.3

(76.0)

(2.3)

14.7

(1.3)

-

739.5

(19.9)

(51.7)

Net cash from operating activities

(1,180.6)

(194.4)

(986.2)

667.9

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

155

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

Cash flows from investing activities

Payments for purchases of property, plant 
and equipment

Payments for network construction related 
to concession agreements

Payments for purchase of other intangible 
assets

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and 
equipment

Proceeds from deposits with maturity of 3 
months or longer

Interest received

Restricted cash

Net cash effect from gain of control over 
the acquired subsidiary

Payment for acquisition of associated

Payment for acquisition of subsidiaries

2022

2021

Variation
2022/2021

2020

(8.3)

(10.5)

2.2

(6.7)

(537.8)

(483.9)

(54.0)

(638.0)

(7.8)

(6.3)

(1.5)

(0.9)

-

1.1

1.5

-

1.8

320.0

(320.0)

-

(25.8)

-

-

25.8

(4.5)

(2.2)

5.0

66.4

9.0

-

5.6

-

(8.0)

0.6

-

2.8

-

-

(0.0)

(4.5)

Net cash used in investing activities

(554.9)

(203.2)

(351.7)

(568.9)

Cash flows from financing activities

Proceeds from long term bank borrowings

217.6

Proceeds from overdrafts

Repayment of long term bank loans

Payment of lease liabilities

Dividends paid

1,900.4

(92.9)

(24.2)

(152.3)

234.7

-

(385.9)

(15.2)

(247.6)

(17.1)

1,900.4

292.9

(8.9)

95.3

354.3

-

(29.1)

(29.3)

(245.8)

Net cash from/(used in) financing 
activities

1,848.6

(414.0)

2,262.6

50.1

RON 1,425.1 mn., in trade and other payables of RON 1,210.6 mn. (out of which, the change in employ-
ee benefits of RON 6.5 mn., having a negative impact) and in subsidies receivables in amount of RON 
1,280.8 mn.. Income tax paid and interest paid amounted to RON 150.6 mn.

For the investment activity, the cash used was of RON 554.9 mn., the most significant values 
being related to the payments for the construction and rehabilitation of RON 537.8 mn., these being 
increased y-o-y with RON 54.0 mn..

The  financing  activity  generated  a  decrease  in  cash  and  cash  equivalents  of  RON  2,262.6 
mn., the main factors being the proceeds from long term bank borrowings of RON 217.6 mn., pro-
ceeds from overdrafts of RON 1,900.4 mn., reimbursement of loans of RON 92.9 mn. and the divi-
dends paid to the shareholders, of RON 152.3 mn.

In 2021, the net decrease in cash and cash equivalents amounted to RON 811.5 mn.

The net cash generated by the operating activity was loss of RON (194.4) mn. The net loss of 
the period was RON (522.9) mn; the main net profit’s adjustments for non-monetary elements were: 
adding the depreciation and amortization of RON 480.8 mn, eliminating the impact of the impair-
ment of trade receivables of RON 70.6 mn, adding the income tax of RON 79.5 mn and the net fi-
nance cost of RON 26.9 mn.

Changes in working capital had a negative effect, of RON 138.9 mn, the most significant im-
pact being generated by the negative change in trade and other receivables, in the amount of RON 
414.3 mn, and in trade and other payables of RON 314.5 mn (out of which, the change in employee 
benefits of RON 3.2 mn, having a positive impact). Income tax paid and interest paid amounted to 
RON 55.5 mn.

For the investment activity, the cash used was of RON 203.2 mn, the most significant values 
being related to the payments for the network construction in connection with the concession agree-
ments of RON 483.9 mn, these being reduced y-o-y, but also to the investments in associates of RON 
25.8 mn.

The financing activity generated a decrease in cash and cash equivalents of RON 414.0 mn, 
the main factors being the proceeds from long term bank borrowings of RON 234.7 mn, reimburse-
ment of loans of RON 385.9 mn and the dividends paid to the shareholders, of RON 247.6 mn.

6.7. Separate statement of the financial position 
2844/2016

Financial information selected from company’s separate statement of financial position.

Tabel 42. Separate statement of the financial position (RON mn.)

.

31 
December 
2022

31 
December 
2021

Variation
2022/2021

31 December 
2020

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash 
equivalents

113.1

.

Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January

(405.6)

(811.5)

406.0

Overdrafts used for cash management 
purposes

627.4

-

924.6

(811.5)

627.4

149.1

256.9

-

Cash and cash equivalents at 31 
December 

334.9

(405.6)

740.5

406.0

ASSETS

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

The materiality threshold established internally at the Group level for analysis of main indicators 
(presented below) is worth RON 68.1 mn., representing 5% of EBITDA.

In 2022, the net increase in cash and cash equivalents amounted to RON 113.1 mn.

The net cash generated by the operating activity was loss of RON (1,180.6) mn. The net profit 
of  the  period  was  RON  558.8  mn.;  the  main  net  profit’s  adjustments  for  non-monetary  elements 
were: eliminating the NL additional costs amounting to RON 989.3 mn., adding the depreciation and 
amortization of RON 534.1 mn., eliminating the impact of the impairment of trade receivables of RON 
112.3 mn., adding the income tax of RON 105.1 mn. and the net finance cost of RON 165.0 mn.

Changes in working capital had a negative effect, of RON 1,030.0 mn., the most significant 
impact  being  generated  by  the  negative  change  in  trade  and  other  receivables,  in  the  amount  of 

Non-current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Intangible assets

Investments in subsidiaries

Investments in associates

Other investments

Loans granted to subsidiaries – long term

Right of use assets

Total non-current assets

98.9

0.1

100.1

0.1

2,298.1

2,285.2

18.8

7.0

25.8

-

1,276.3

1,276.3

0.3

0.5

3,699.6

3,688.0

(1.1)

0.0

12.9

(7.0)

7.0

-

(0.2)

11.6

96.9

0.3

2,284.9

-

-

1,030.0

1.4

3,413.5

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

156

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

157

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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2022 Directors’ Report

31 
December 
2022

31 
December 
2021

Variation
2022/2021

31 December 
2020

31 
December 
2022

31 
December 
2021

Variation
2022/2021

31 December 
2020

Current assets

Cash and cash equivalents

Deposits with maturity date more than three 
months

Restricted cash

Trade receivables

Other receivables

Inventories

Prepayments

Assets held for sale

Loans granted to subsidiaries – short term

Total current assets

105.6

5.8

99.9

-

-

0.8

501.5

-

1.0

0.3

45.0

654.3

-

-

0.9

584.8

-

0.8

0.3

30.0

622.5

-

-

(0.1)

(83.3)

-

0.3

-

15.0

31.8

193.5

-

320.0

0.4

180.8

-

0.4

-

-

695.1

TOTAL ASSETS

4,353.8

4,310.5

43.4

4,108.6

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

Equity

Share capital 

Share premium

Treasury shares reserve

Revaluation reserves

Legal reserves

Other reserves

Retained earnings

Total equity

Liabilities

Non-current liabilities

Bank borrowings – long term

Lease liability – long term

Employee benefits

Total non-current liabilities

Current liabilities

Credit lines

Lease liability – short term

Trade payables

Other payables

Deferred revenue

Employee benefits

Provisions

3,464.4

3,464.4

103.1

(75.4)

11.8

229.4

224.1

38.9

103.1

(75.4)

12.4

228.2

71.2

319.6

3,996.4

4,123.5

100

0.0

1.1

101.2

207.8

0.2

4.7

36.5

0.2

5.8

1.0

-

0.1

1.1

1.2

120.5

0.4

4.0

44.0

0.4

12.2

4.2

-

-

-

(0.6)

1.3

152.9

(280.7)

(127.1)

100

(0.1)

-

100.0

87.3

(0.2)

0.7

(7.5)

(0.2)

(6.3)

(3.2)

3,464.4

103.1

(75.4)

12.6

212.0

35.6

297.0

4,049.3

-

0.5

1.5

2.0

-

1.0

7.2

36.0

0.2

7.2

5.8

Total current liabilities

256.3

185.8

70.5

Total liabilities

357.5

186.9

170.5

57.3

59.3

Total equity and liabilities

4,353.8

4,310.5

43.4

4,108.6

Source: Separate financial statements of ELSA as of 31 December 2022

The materiality threshold established internally at individual level is worth RON 8.0 mn., 
representing a quarter of the gross profit.

Non-current assets

On 31 December 2022, as compared to 31 December 2021, fixed assets increased with RON 

11.6 mn., from RON 3,688.0 mn. to RON 3,699.6 mn. 

At the end of 2022, the land and buildings situation is similar to the previous period. They 
include the administrative headquarter of the company and the corresponding land, the plots of land 
over which the company has obtained title deeds and the land. The increase registered in 2022 in the 
amount of RON 12.9 mn. is due to the investments in subsidiaries.

Investments in associates

On 28 July 2021 and 7 December 2021, Electrica SA has concluded four contracts for sale – 
purchase of shares in four project-based companies, having as main object the production of elec-
tricity from renewable resources. The sale – purchases agreements mention that at first stage, the 
Group received 30% from the share capital of the four companies, following which, it will obtain the 
70%  difference,  after  certain  conditions  mentioned  in  the  contracts  are  met.  By  the  end  of  31 
December 2022, two of the project companies were acquired by 60% of shares, therefore they are 
accounted as subsidiaries, the other ones are as follows below.

The  cost  of  investment,  at  the  acquisition  date,  total  value  of  RON  18.8  mn.  are  detailed 

below:

Acquisition date
Percentage at the acquisition date
Net value at the acquisition date
Percentage of the Group from net (30%) 
Goodwill
Investment cost at acquisition date

Other receivables

 Crucea Power Park 
S.R.L.

Foton Power Energy
S.R.L.

31 July 2021
30%
(0.2)
(0.07)
12.6
12.5

31 December 2021
30%
(0.007)
(0.002)
6.3
6.3

Cash-pooling receivables comprise the receivable of Electrica SA as at 31 December 2022 as 
cash pool leader in the cash-pooling system set up at Group level. The decrease in 2022 is due to li-
quidity requirements of subsidiaries included in the cash pooling scheme by the Company.

Cash, restricted cash and short-term investments

As of 31 December 2022, the cash and cash equivalents increased by RON 99.9 mn., to RON 

105.6 mn. from RON 5.7 mn. on 31 December 2021.

Tabel 43. Cash, restricted cash and short-term investments 2022-2020 (RON mn.)

(RON mn)

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

Bank current accounts

Call deposits

3.6

102.0

3.0

2.7

18.4

175.1

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

159

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

158

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

(RON mn)

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

Total cash and cash equivalents in the 
separate statement of financial position 
and in the separate statement of cash 
flow 

105.6

5.7

193.5

Source: Separate financial statements of ELSA as of 31 December 2022

Value of cash and cash equivalents increased with RON 99.9 mn. due to the increase of short 

term deposits and cask at banks.

Tabel 44. Loans granted to subsidiaries 2022-2020 (RON mn.)

(RON mn)

31 December 2022 31 December 2021

DEER (long term loan granted) *
EFSA
EPE
NTE
GECI
SWE
Total loans granted to subsidiaries

1,276.3
-
41.6
2.4
0.4
0.6
1,321.4

1,276.3
30.0
-
-
-
-
1,306.3

31 December 
2020
1,030.0
-
-
-
-
-
1,030.0

Source: Separate financial statements of ELSA as of 31 December 2022

(*)Starting with 31 December 2020 the three distribution companies merged into one single distribution company named 
Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A. („DEER”)

 Share Capital

The issued share capital in nominal terms consists of 346,443,597 ordinary shares as at 31 
December 2022 (346,443,597 ordinary shares as of 31 December 2021) with a nominal value of RON 
10 per share. Ordinary shares offer the right to dividends and the right to one vote per share in the 
company’s shareholder meetings, except for the 6,890,593 shares redeemed by the Company in July 
2014, for the purpose of prices stabilization. All shares confer equal rights in the company’s net as-
sets, except for the 6,890,593 shares redeemed by the company, in July 2014. 

ELSA recognizes changes in share capital only after their approval in the General Shareholders 

Meeting and their registration in the Trade Register.

Dividends

The company may distribute dividends from the statutory profit, according to the audited 

individual financial statements prepared in accordance with Romanian accounting regulations.

The dividends distributed by the Company in the years 2022, 2021 and 2020 (from previous 

years’ profits) were as follows: 

Tabel 45. Dividends 2022-2020 (RON mn.)

 (RON mn)

Dividends distributed

2022

152.8

2021

247.8

2020

246.1

Source: Separate financial statements of ELSA as of 31 December 2022

On 20 April 2022, the General Meeting of Shareholders of ELSA approved the distribution of 
dividends in the amount of RON 152.8 mn, legal reserves in amount of RON 16.1 mn. and other re-
serves in amount of RON 152.9 mn. The value of dividends per share distributed to the shareholders 
of the Company were: RON 0.4500 per share (2021: RON 0.7248 per share). 

Out of the dividends distributed by the Company of RON 152.8 mn (2021: RON 247.8 mn.) the 
dividends  paid  were  RON  152.4  mn.  (2021:  RON  247.6  mn.),  the  difference  representing  dividends 
uncollected by the shareholders.

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

160

Provisions

Tabel 46. Provisions (RON mn.)

(RON mn.)

Litigations and other risks

Balance at 1 January 2022
Provisions made
Provisions utilised
Provisions reversed
Balance at 31 December 2022

4.2
0.3
(1.9)
(1.6)
1.0

Source: Separate financial statements of ELSA as of 31 December 2022

The provisions in amount of RON 1.0 mn. as at 31 December 2022 (31 December 2021: RON 
4.2  mn.)  refer  mainly  to  the  benefits  granted  upon  the  termination  of  executive  managers’ 
contracts.

6.8. Separate statement of profit or loss 2844/2016

Financial information selected from the company’s separate statement of profit or loss.

Tabel 47. Separate statement of profit or loss (RON mn.)

2022

2021

Variation
2022/2021

Revenues

Other income

Employee benefits

Depreciation and amortization

Reversal of impairment of trade and other receivables, 
net

Impairment of property, plant and equipment, net

Impairment of assets held for sale
Change in provisions for legal cases and non-compete 
clauses, net

Other operating expenses

Profit/(loss) before financing result

Finance income

Finance costs

Share of results of associates

Net finance income

Profit before tax

Income tax benefit/(expense)

Profit for the year

-

5.2

(30.2)

(1.6)

0.1

0.0

-

3.2

(18.5)

(41.8)

78.3

(12.4)

(0.0)

65.9

24.0

0.3

24.3

2020

3.3

14.5

(31.8)

(13.1)

98.6

-

4.4

9.1

0.7

0.0

(3.8)

(10.0)

-

1.6

1.9

13.8

(299.4)

(12.2)

-

-

(2.5)

(23.9)

35.1

260.3

(0.1)

-

-

0.8

(39.2)

(2.3)

0.1

3.8

-

1.6

(20.4)

(55.6)

377.7

(0.3)

(0)

377.4

(311.6)

260.2

321.8

0.0

321.8

(297.7)

295.3

0.2

3.1

(297.5)

298.4

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

Earnings per share

0.07

0.95

(0.88)

0.88

Source: Separate financial statements of ELSA as of 31 December 2022

The materiality threshold established internally at individual level is worth RON 8.0 mn., 
representing a quarter of the gross profit.

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

161

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

Employee benefits 

In 2022, employee benefits decreased by RON 9.1 mn. to RON 30.2 mn. from RON 39.2 mn. 
in 2021. The variation is the result of the reorganization that took place in March and April, resulting 
in a decreasing number of employees.

Profit/(loss) before financing result

As a result of the above-mentioned factors, ELSA recorded in 2022 a loss before financing 

result in amount of RON 41.8 mn., while in 2021 it recorded a loss amounting RON 55.6 mn.

Net finance income 

Net finance income has decreased in 2022 from RON 377.4 mn. to RON 65.9 mn. The de-
crease is from the dividends received in 2021 in amount of RON 329.5 mn. with no corresponding in 
2022. The finance income is in amount of RON 78.3 mn. and represents the interest income received 
from the subsidiaries. 

Net finance income is negatively impacted with finance expense amounting RON 12.4 mn. 

representing interest expense related to loans.

Profit before tax

In 2022, profit before tax decreased by RON 297.7 mn. or 92.5% to RON 24.0 mn. from RON 

321.8 mn. in 2021.

Income tax benefit/(expense)

In 2022, the company recorded income tax benefit amounting RON 0.3 mn., mainly due to 

the registration of deferred income tax revenues.

Net profit for the year 

As a result of the factors presented above, the 2022 net profit recorded a decrease of RON 

297.5 mn. compared to 2021, to RON 24.3 mn. from RON 321.8 mn.

6.9. Separate cash flow statement 2844/2016

Financial information selected from the cash flow statement of the company.

Tabel 48. Separate cash flow statement (RON mn.)

Indicator

2022

2021

Variation 
2022/2021

2020

24.3

321.8

(297.5)

298.4

Cash flows from operating activities 

Profit for the year

Adjustments for:

Depreciation 

Amortization 

1.0

0.6

1.1

1.2

(3.8)

3.1

0.5

0.1

Impairment of property, plant and equipment, net

(0.0)

Loss/(Gain) from the disposal of tangible assets

Reversal of impairmaint of assers held for sale

Reversal of impairment of trade and other 
receivables, net

-

-

(0.1)

Net finance income

(65.9)

(377.4)

Changes in employee benefits obligations

Changes in provisions, net

Income tax expense/(benefit)

(5.0)

(3.2)

(0.3)

5.1

(1.6)

(0.0)

(48.5)

(50.2)

(0.1)

(0.6)

3.8

(3.1)

(0.5)

(0.0)

311.6

(10.0)

(1.6)

(0.2)

1.7

11.2

1.9

10.0

0.6

-

(98.6)

(260.2)

(0.4)

2.5

(3.1)

(37.7)

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

162

Indicator

2022

2021

Variation 
2022/2021

Changes in:

Trade receivables

Other receivables

Trade payables

Other payables

Employee benefits

Cash generated/(used in) from operating 
activities
Interest paid

Net cash from/(used in) operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities
Payments for purchases of property, plant and 
equipment

Payments for purchases of intangible assets

Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and 
equipment
Proceeds from deposits with maturity of 3 months 
or longer

Cash pooling net position

Loans granted to subsidiaries

Proceeds from loans given to subsidiaries

Payments for shares in associates

Payments for acquisition of shares in entities

Payments for acquisition of subsidiaries

Restricted cash

Interest earned

Dividends received

Net cash from investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities

Proceeds from overdrafts

Dividends paid

Loans granted

Payment of lease liabilities

Net cash used in financing activities

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January

Reclassification of overdrafts previously presented 
as cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December

0.2

(0.5)

0.4

0.8

0.1

(47.5)

(12.2)

(59.7)

(1.9)

(0.2)

1.2

-

81.3

(151.0)

135.9

(0.0)

(7.0)

(4.4)

-

72.1

-

126.0

87.3

(153.2)

100.0

(0.6)

33.6

99.9

(114.8)

120.5

105.6

(0.4)

3.0

(2.9)

0.3

(0.3)

(50.5)

(0.2)

(50.7)

(4.8)

-

0.0

-

(393.6)

(336.3)

60.0

(25.8)

-

(0.1)

320.0

42.2

329.5

(8.9)

-

(247.6)

-

(1.0)

(248.6)

(308.3)

193.5

-

(114.8)

0.7

(3.5)

3.3

0.5

0.4

3.0

(12.1)

(9.0)

3.0

(0.2)

1.2

-

474.9

185.3

75.9

25.8

(7.0)

(4.3)

(320.0)

29.9

(329.5)

135.0

87.3

94.5

100.0

0.4

282.2

408.1

(308.3)

120.5

220.4

2020

103.2

4.3

1.8

(0.4)

1.9

73.1

(0.0)

73.1

(4.0)

(0.0)

0.2

66.4

(132.2)

-

-

-

-

-

-

41.4

215.0

186.8

-

(245.8)

-

(0.9)

(246.7)

13.2

180.3

-

193.5

Source: Separate financial statements of ELSA as of 31 December 2022

The materiality threshold established internally at individual level is worth RON 8.0 mn., representing a quarter 
of the gross profit.

In 2022, the net increase in cash and cash equivalents amounted to RON 99.9 mn. 

The net cash generated by the operating activity was RON (47.5) mn. The net profit of the 
period was RON 24.3 mn.; the main adjustments for non-monetary elements of net profit were: the 
addition of depreciation of tangible and intangible assets in the amount of RON 1.6 mn., the decrease 
of the impact generated by the employee benefits amounting to RON 5.0 mn., decrease of the change 
in provisions of RON 3.2 mn., the impact of value adjustments for commercial receivables and the im-
pact of the income tax were insignificant. It was deducted from the net financial result of RON 65.9 mn.

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

163

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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2022 Directors’ Report

Changes in working capital had a favorable effect of RON 1.0 mn., the impact being generat-
ed by the positive impact of the trade payables and other payables in the amount of RON 1.3 mn. (of 
which,  positive  impact  of  RON  0.1  mn.  from  the  change  in  employee  benefits)  diminished  by  the 
negative impact of trade receivables and other receivables, in the amount of RON 0.3 mn. 

In 2022, the interest paid was RON 12.1 mn. higher than in 2021, representing mainly the in-
terest related to the overdraft facility under the cash pooling system. Increase from RON 0.2 mn. at 
RON 12.2 mn. in 2022 was due to the higher value of the uses compared to the previous period, but 
also to the increase of the ROBOR rate. 

For the investment activity was used cash in the amount of RON 126.0 mn., the highest val-
ues being related to the interest collected in the amount of RON 72.1 mn., loans granted to affiliated 
entities  in  the  amount  of  RON  151.0  mn.,  receipts  related  to  loans  granted  to  subsidiaries  in  the 
amount of RON 136.0 mn. of net receipts from deposits in the amount of RON 66.5 mn. and the im-
pact of the cash pooling activity, resulting in a reduction of RON 132.2 mn. 

In 2022, the value of loans granted to subsidiaries was RON 151.0 mn., with RON 185.3 mn. 
less than the previous period. At the same time, the proceeds from loans granted to subsidiaries in-
creased by RON 75.9 mn. compared to the previous period, mainly due to the full reimbursement of 
the intra-group contract contracted by EFSA during 2021. 

The value of the interest collected was RON 72.1 mn., as a result of the new loans granted to 
subsidiaries in 2022, the higher value of the uses by subsidiaries in the Cash pooling structure, as well 
as the increase of the ROBOR rate.

Compared to 2021, this year no restricted cash was recorded and no dividends were collect-

ed from subsidiaries, which closed the financial year 2021 with a loss.

The financing activity generated an increase in cash and cash equivalents of RON 33.6 mn., 
mainly from loans received in the amount of RON 100.0 mn. representing the credit facility for work-
ing capital and issuing bank letters with Vista Bank contract this year and the amounts collected in 
overdrafts of RON 87.3 mn., reduced impact of dividends paid to shareholders in the amount of RON 
153.2 mn. (the value of the gross dividend for one share decreased from RON 0.73/share for divi-
dends for 2020 to RON 0.45/share for dividends for 2021).

In 2021, the net decrease in cash and cash equivalents amounted to RON 308.3 mn.

The net cash generated by the operating activity was of RON (50.5) mn. The net profit of the 
period  was  RON  321.8  mn;  the  main  non-monetary  elements  adjustments  for  the  net  profit  were: 
adding the amortization and depreciation of tangible and intangible assets in the amount of RON 2.3 
mn, adding the impact of tangible assets disposal in net amount of RON 0.7 mn, reducing the varia-
tion of the change in provisions of RON 1.6 mn, eliminating the impact of the impairment of trade 
receivables and deduction of the income tax benefit which were immaterial. The net financial result 
of RON 377.4 mn was deducted.

.

Changes in working capital had a favorable effect, of RON 0.4 mn, the most significant im-
pact being generated by the restricted cash of RON 320.0 mn, positive change in trade and other 
receivables, in the amount of RON 2.5 mn, and in trade and other payables of RON 2.9 mn (out of 
which, a RON 0.3 mn positive impact from the change in employee benefits). 

For the investment activity, the cash used was of RON 9.0 mn, the most significant values 
being related to the dividends received in amount of RON 329.5 mn, to the loans granted to affiliates 
in amount of RON 336.3 mn, to interest received in amount of RON 42.2 mn, but also to the payments 
for purchases of shares in subsidiares in amount of RON 25.8 mn, but also cash received from loans 
given  to  subsidiares  in  amount  of  RON  60.0  mn  and  the  amounts  paid  within  the  cash  pooling 
scheme, implemented at the Group level, amounting to RON 393.6 mn. and restricted cash in amount 
of RON 320 mn. 

The financing activity generated a decrease in cash and cash equivalents of RON 248.6 mn, 

mainly from the dividends paid to the shareholders - RON 247.6 mn.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

164

6.10. Risk management

For the Electrica Group, year 2022, from a risk management perspective was one of con-
solidation of previous year’s initiatives and new projects, initiated on the basis of internal needs 
or at the request of third parties.    

Thus, as a new project developed and completed in 2022, we mention obtaining certification 
for the implementation of ISO 27001 standard at ELSA level. An important component of this certi-
fication was the alignment of the risk management system with the provisions of the certification 
standard. From this perspective, the general framework has been adapted to the requirements for 
identifying the resources, threats and vulnerabilities that society can encounter in all activities that 
rely on information technology. At the same time obtaining this certification for Electrica, the chang-
es made within the risk management system were stunned at the group level to allow replication of 
the certification for each company. 

This year, the consultancy project developed by the risk management team for a representa-
tive entity in the energy industry in Romania was successfully completed and delivered within the 
stipulated deadline. 

Regarding of strengthening the risk management system at the Group level, the risk man-
agement procedure was updated and implemented at the group level. These changes allow conduct-
ing risk analyzes at an aggregate level and  easily extracting relevant information to report. These 
analyzes aim to understand the nature of the risks identified by linking mitigation and monitoring 
measures with the risk profile and risk appetite. 

Since 2022, an internal project (ESG Project) has been initiated within the Group to imple-
ment the requirements of the new European regulations in terms of sustainability – ESG (Environmental, 
Social and Governance). Risk analysis from the perspective of ESG scenarios as well as the monitor-
ing of the exposures generated by the group through the current activity become extremely import-
ant from the perspective of a way of making business sustainable and sustainable. Compliance with 
this new reporting requirements will underpin the reform of risk assessment for any organization in 
order to access funding and projects. 

The challenges of 2022 were multiple from the perspective of risk management, in the sense 
that the materialization of risks such as liquidity, regulation, market (especially the price of electricity 
purchased  for  own  technological  consumption),  operational  (it  systems,  or  electricity  thefts)  they 
had multiple causes and unpredictable effects. 

From the perspective of the applicable legal provisions in force in conjunction with the ap-
proach imposed by the internal requirements regarding credit and counterparty risk management, 
the  Business  Partner  knowledge  Policy  has  been  developed  and  implemented,  thus  ensuring  the 
necessary conditions to know the business partners, be they customers or suppliers, in order to mit-
igate possible risks of reputation or credit and counterparty. 

The acceptance of business partners is made only by applying the measures of knowledge 
of the client according to the legislation in the field and the internal procedure on combating and 
preventing money laundering and terrorist financing. Also, specialized platforms for verifying busi-
ness partners are used in the realization of the client knowledge activity.

RISK FACTORS

The  Group’s  activity,  performance,  reputation,  financial  situation  and  market  value  of  its 
shares can be affected by a number of factors of both internal and external nature. These factors can 
lead to the materialization of risks that negatively influence the Group’s activity and performance. 
Such factors may particularly influence the risks described below that the Group has identified and 
for which it seeks to manage them. 

Risk factors should be viewed from both inside and outside, the latter being harder to control 

but both having implications for the manifestation and materialization of risks. 

.

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I

A
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A
C
R
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2
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2

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N
N
A

165

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk factors can be from the following categories:

Technical risk management 

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

 – Macroeconomic and energy industry-specific risks: Global and regional economic condi-
tions, respectively the economic context at national and regional international level that 
may  negatively  influence  the  Group’s  activity.  These  factors  can  be:  inflation,  recession, 
changes in fiscal and monetary policy, tighter lending, higher interest rates, new or rising 
tariffs, currency fluctuations, raw material price (electricity, natural gas), etc.

 – Risks arising from political events, war and/or other international disputes, international 
sanctions, natural disasters, industrial accidents, etc. all of which may cause interruptions 
in the Group’s activities. Such events, as outlined above, may damage or disrupt the inter-
national economic context and the global/regional economy and may negatively influence 
the activity of both the Group and the other counterparties (contractual partners). At the 
same time, the interruption of the activity due to the above mentioned causes can gen-
erate significant expenses and substantial recovery time, which negatively influence the 
activity and financial results. 

 – Regulatory  risks,  respectively  legislative  changes  with  short  time  to  adapt  to  new  re-
quirements but with significant implications especially the market and counterparty/credit 
risk area. Regulatory risks may arise as a consequence of international events (e.g. Rus-
sia-Ukraine  War)  that  triggers  a  series  of  unpredictable  market  developments,  but  also 
restrictions and sanctions at international level that are also reflected at regional and local 
level. 

 – Technical risks caused by inadequate network sizing in relation to energy demand, mean-
ing the impossibility of ensuring network maintenance and energy supply to customers, 
which can negatively and significantly affect the Group’s business.

 – Strategic risks and ensuring the financing of projects within the group can be influenced 
both by internal factors, by keeping a high rating that maintains an attractive share price 
and implicitly the attention of investors, but also external factors, respectively the difficul-
ty of accessing markets in order to raise capital (availability of capital for financing).

Also  as  a  factor  of  strategic  risk  is  perceived  the  volatility  of  the  stock  price  as  a  conse-
quence of the company not meeting the expectations regarding profitability, its growth and dividend 
granting.  Thus,  the  share  price  can  drop  significantly,  with  an  impact  on  investor  confidence  and 
reputational implications.

MANAGEMENT OF NON-FINANCIAL RISKS

Operational risk management

Operational risk is the largest category of non-financial risks to occur across all entities in the 
group. The most important and common sub-categories of operational risk are those in the it area 
(including cyber and security), risks related to the execution of processes and/or procedures and/or 
work tasks, but also risks caused in the relationship with customers and/or business processes and/
or practices. For these identified risks, measures to mitigate these risks are established at the level of 
each entity of the Group and periodic assessments to monitor and control them permanently. 

Compliance risk management 

The compliance risk, which includes the legal risk, respectively of the legislative changes, is 
manifested  at  the  level  of  each  entity  in  the  Electrica  Group.  In  2022,  the  legislative  risk  reached 
higher exposures than in previous years due to legislative changes determined by the international 
context, with direct implications for the activity of all energy companies. 

Strategic risk management 

Strategic risk has implications for the entire group due to changes at the organizational and 
governance level that took place in 2022 within some entities of the Group, but also regarding the 
market context and adaptation to its requirements. The Group’s entities aim to adopt strategies that 
ensure adequate market positioning and flexibility that ensure timely recalibration in order to achieve 
the proposed objectives. 

The technical risk is manifested at the level of certain entities of the Group and refers to en-
suring the appropriate grid size in relation to the energy demand, ensuring its proper functioning and 
implicitly ensuring continuity in the electricity supply. At the group level there is a permanent con-
cern regarding the exposure to this technical risk and the implementation of measures to mitigate it, 
the direct implications being customer satisfaction and also the reputation at the group level. 

Risks and uncertainties present as of 31 December 2022 and issues concerning the main risks 
and uncertainties that could affect the Group’s business and its liquidity are presented in the table 
below.

Tabel 49. Risks and uncertainties as of 31 December 2022

Risk description

Ukraine Crysis

Mitigation risk actions

• On  February  24,  2022,  Russia  invaded  Ukraine, 
marking a sharp escalation of the Russian-Ukrainian 
war  that  began  in  2014  with  Russia’s  annexation  of 
the Crimea peninsula. The invasion generated on the 
one  hand  a  refugee  crisis  with  the  fastest  growth 
in  Europe  since  the  Second  World  War,  and  on  the 
other hand a global food crisis. At the same time, at 
the regional level, a resource crisis was created due 
to  the  imposition  of  a  series  of  restrictions  on  the 
international level, Russia being an important player 
in the natural gas market in Europe.

• The  Electrica  Group  does  not  own  subsidiaries  and 
affiliated entities on the territory of Ukraine, nor does 
it have any other relevant exposures in the countries 
directly involved in this conflict. From an operational 
point  of  view,  the  purchases  of  energy  and  natural 
gas  are  mainly  made  from  the  domestic  market, 
availability,  provenance  and  delivery  of  resources 
could be influenced by the dynamics of the conflict 
from region.

Market risk

• Market  risk  represents  the  risk  that  the  change  in 
energy and natural gas prices, the reference interest 
rate, such as share prices, interest rates or exchange 
rates,  will  affect  the  Group’s  income  or  the  value  of 
its  holdings.  In  2022,  the  inflation  rate  in  Romania 
recorded  a  spectacular  increase,  registering  at  Q3 
2022  the  15.9%  rate  and  for  Q4  2022  it  is  forecast 
16.5%.  At  the  same  time,  the  inflation  of  energy 
goods prices recorded in Q3 2022 the value of 35.7% 
following a forecast on a slightly downward trend at 
Q4 2022 of 29.9%. The forecast for 2023 is high.

Source: 
mobile.aspx

https://www.bnr.ro/Proiectii-BNR-22694-

Credit and counterparty risk

• The  management’s  opinion  is  that  these  risks  have 
already  materialized  on  the  market  of  natural  gas, 
electricity and petroleum products. Mitigation of the 
impact  was  possible  in  the  supply  activity  through 
the compensation and capping measures established 
at  the  national  level.  In  the  distribution  activity,  the 
directly  felt  impact  was  visible  through  the  price  at 
which  the  electricity  related  to  own  technological 
consumption  (NL)  could  be  purchased.  These 
negative  influences  can  be  maintained  in  the  next 
period  due  to  market  volatility  and  possible  future 
regulations  with  a  direct  impact  on  the  Group’s 
activity.

• At  the 

level  of  the  supply  activity  there  are 
implemented  policies,  procedures  and  tools  for 
mitigating  market  risks  to  manage  and  control 
exposures on the electricity and natural gas market. 
With  this  scope,  internal  projects  were  started  to 
review  the  hedging  strategy,  improving  the  ability 
to  forecast  the  demand.  There  was  taken  into 
consideration the adequacy to the reality imposed by 
the specific markets during this period: the decrease 
in  consumption  combined  with  the  increase  in 
purchase prices.

• Another significant risk factor in this area comes from 
the  lack  of  production  capacities  to  compensate 
for  extreme  scenarios:  extremely  low  temperatures, 
drought, lack of working fronts for coal, unavailability 
of  primary  resources  for  renewable  energy  (wind, 
sun).

• The  company  envisages  in  2023  obtaining  the 
certification  for  the  implementation  of  ISO  50001 
energy management systems in order to improve the 
services offered and efficiently manage resources.

.

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2
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N
N
A

167

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166

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

Risk description

Mitigation risk actions

• Credit risk represents the risk of financial losses when 
a  counterparty/client  does  not  meet  its  contractual 
obligations to pay invoices when they are due.

Liquidity risk

• Liquidity risk represents the risk that the Group will 
not  be  able  to  meet  its  financial  obligations  when 
they are due.

Conformity (Legal) risk

• The energy and natural gas markets are regulated by 

local and European legislation.

• These  regulations  may  be  modified  or  interpreted 
differently by the local authorities and may affect the 
operational profit margins of the Group.

• This  risk  is  also  supported  by  the  legislative  history 
of recent years, which contains a series of laws that 
significantly changed energy and natural gas prices, 
capping elements, etc.

Operational risk

• The management monitors and examines the current 
exposure,  credit  limits  and  counterparty  ratings, 
established provisions.

• The  current  market  context  implies  a  significant 
pressure on the ability of counterparties in the energy 
market to ensure delivery on time or to pay related 
compensations.

• The  Group’s  approach  to  liquidity  management 
consists  in  ensuring  a  sufficient  level  of  liquidity  for 
the  payment  of  due  obligations,  both  under  normal 
conditions and under stress conditions, through the 
treasury  management  system  through  cash  pooling 
and  accessing  a  varied  range  of  credit  lines  of  the 
type overdraft.

• Also, the pre-financing of the support scheme for the 
segmental  supply  involves  a  liquidity  risk,  including 
the  financing  of  the  NL  price  that  will  be  recovered 
through future tariffs. 

• The  group  carefully  monitors,  through  the  treasury 
structures, the impact and effects on the companies’ 
activity  and  financial  results  and  has  adequate 
resources to continue its operational activity.

• The  group  makes  efforts  to  optimize  operational 
efficiency  in  accordance  with  current  and  future 
regulations.

• The  impact  of  these  regulations  is  close  to  the 
maximum  range  used 
in  the  evaluation  with 
immediate consequences in profitability at the group 
level

• The  Group  may  record  direct  or  indirect  losses 
resulting  from  a  wide  range  of  factors  associated 
with  processes,  service  providers,  technology  and 
infrastructure,  and  from  external  factors,  such  as 
legal  requirements  and  generally 
regulatory  or 
accepted  standards  regarding  the  best  practices  in 
the field.

• Violation  or  failure  of  security  and  information 
technology  systems  may  entail  the  risk  of  financial 
loss,  interruption  of  operations  or  damage  to  the 
Group’s reputation.

• The  group  have 

implemented  an  operational 
monitoring  system,  documented  by  policies  and 
procedures,  which  ensures  the  escalation  and 
remediation of potential operational problems.

• In order to implement the best practices in the field, 
at the Group level, SE Electrica S.A. obtained in 2022 
the certification for implementation the certification 
procedures  on  the  27001  standard:  Information 
Technology,  Security  Techniques, 
Information 
Security Management Systems. The extension of the 
certification  is  further  analyzed  at  the  level  of  the 
other entities in the group.

Source: Electrica

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT

The Group is exposed to the following risks resulting from the use of financial instruments: 

credit risk, liquidity risk and market risk. 

These risks are further explained and detailed.

Credit risk 

Credit risk is the risk that the Group will register a financial loss if a customer or counterparty 
to  a  financial  instrument  fails  to  meet  its  contractual  obligations,  and  arises  principally  from  the 
Group’s receivables from customers, cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and bank deposits.

The Group’s exposure to credit risk is mainly influenced by the individual characteristics of 

each customer. In the past, the Group had a high credit risk mainly from State-owned companies. 

Cash  and  bank  deposits  are  placed  in  financial  institutions  that  are  considered  to  have  to 

have low risk of default.

The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure.

Trade receivables

The  Group’s  credit  risk  in  respect  of  receivables  was  concentrated  in  the  past  around 
state-controlled companies and in the recent years refers to clients that are facing financial difficul-
ties in their industries due to specific changes in circumstances in their industry sector. The Group 
has set up a policy regarding risk management and it has taken into account the insurance of the 
trade  receivables.  Also  the  electricity  supply  contracts  include  termination  clauses  in  certain 
circumstances.

The Group establishes an allowance for impairment that represents the amount of expected 

credit losses, calculated based on the expected loss rates.

Impairment 

The following table provides information on the exposure to credit risk and expected credit 

losses for trade receivables as of 31 December 2022, 2021 and 2020.

Table 50. Credit risk and expected credit losses for trade receivables as of 31 December 2022

(RON mn)

31 December 2022

Expected 
credit loss rates 
(“ECL”)

Gross value

Lifetime ECL

Net trade 
receivables

Credit impaired

Neither past due 
nor impaired

Past due 1-30 
days

Past due 31-60 
days

Past due 61-90 
days

Past due more 
than 90 days

Total

3%

4%

16%

35%

95%

1,951.7

     (60.3)

  1,891.3 

  491.0 

      (19.3)

   471.6 

   66.4 

      (10.5)

    55.9 

27.3 

      (9.7)

    17.6 

582.4 

(552.9)

29.5 

3,118.7

(652.7)

2,452.4

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

No

No

No

No

Yes

.

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A

169

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A
U
N
N
A

168

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 51. Credit risk and expected credit losses for trade receivables as of 31 December 2021

Exposure to liquidity risk 

(RON mn)

31 December 2021

Expected credit 
loss rates (“ECL”)

Gross value

Lifetime ECL

Net trade 
receivables

Credit impaired

The following are the remaining contractual maturities of financial liabilities at the reporting 

date. The amounts are gross and undiscounted and include estimated interest payments.

Table 53. Contractual maturities of financial liabilities (RON mn.) – S-IFRS-EU

2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

Neither past due 
nor impaired

Past due 1-30 days

Past due 31-60 
days

Past due 61-90 
days

Past due more 
than 90 days

Total

2%

5%

15%

38%

98%

1,080.1

   (16.6)

1,063.5 

 228.5 

  36.7 

   (10.6)

   (5.3)

15.4 

   (5.9)

  217.9 

  31.4 

  9.5 

No

No

No

No

964.7 

(942.4)

22.3 

Yes

2,325.4

(980.8)

1,344.6

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2021

Table 52. Credit risk and expected credit losses for trade receivables as of 31 December 2020

(RON mn)

31 December 2020

Expected credit 
loss rates (“ECL”)

Gross value

Lifetime ECL

Net trade 
receivables

Credit impaired

Neither past due 
nor impaired

Past due 1-30 days

Past due 31-60 
days

Past due 61-90 
days

Past due more 
than 90 days

Total

2%

1%

12%

33%

99%

 812.9 

     (13.1)

   799.8 

  163.4 

   49.0 

      (2.3)

      (5.8)

   161.1 

    43.2 

17.5 

      (5.7)

    11.8 

No

No

No

No

936.6 

(922.7)

13.9 

Yes

1,979.4

(949.6)

1,029.8

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2020

Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulties in meeting the obligations 
associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by transferring cash or another financial asset. 
The Group’s liquidity management policy is to maintain, as far as possible, sufficient liquidity to meet 
its obligations when they are due, under both normal and stressed conditions, to avoid unacceptable 
losses.

The Group aims to maintain the level of its cash and cash equivalents at an amount in excess 
of expected cash outflows on financial liabilities. The Group also monitors the level of expected cash 
inflows on trade receivables together with expected cash outflows on trade and other payables. In 
addition, the Group maintains overdrafts facilities.

.

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170

Carrying 
amount

Contractual cash flows

Total

less than 1 
year

1-2 years

2-5 years

More than 5 
years

(RON mn)

Financial 
liabilities

31 December 
2022

Bank 
overdrafts

Long 
term bank 
borrowings

Trade 
payables

Financial 
assets related 
to concession 
agreements

(RON mn)

Financial 
liabilities

31 December 
2022

Bank 
overdrafts

Long 
term bank 
borrowings

Trade 
payables

Total

2,571.0

2,571.0

2,571.0

Lease liability

53.7

53.7

760.7

760.7

19.2

113.5

-

10.8

-

10.7

354.5

200.5

1,407.1

1,407.1

1,407.1

-

-

951.6

951.6

190.3

190.3

570.9

Total

5,744.1

5,744.1

4,301.1

555.6

782.1

105.2

31 December 
2021

Bank 
overdrafts

Lease liability

Long 
term bank 
borrowings

Trade 
payables

Total

627.4

21.5

627.4

21.5

627.4

9.4

628.5

628.5

509.7

891.3

891.3

891.3

-

4.9

27.5

-

-

5.1

82.4

-

2,168.8

2,168.8

2,037.9

32.3

87.4

-

2.2

8.9

-

11.1

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

Table 54. Contractual maturities of financial liabilities (RON mn.) - S-OMFP2844/2016

.

Carrying 
amount

Contractual cash flows

Total

less than 1 
year

1-2 years

2-5 years

More than 5 
years

2,571.0

2,571.0

2,571.0

Lease liability

53.7

53.7

760.7

760.7

19.2

113.5

-

10.8

-

10.7

354.5

200.5

1,407.1

1,407.1

1,407.1

-

-

4,792.5

4,792.5

4,110.9

365.3

211.2

105.2

-

13.0

92.2

-

-

-

13.0

92.2

-

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2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

(RON mn)

Financial 
liabilities

31 December 
2021

Bank 
overdrafts

Lease liability

Long 
term bank 
borrowings

Trade 
payables

Total

Carrying 
amount

Contractual cash flows

Total

less than 1 
year

1-2 years

2-5 years

More than 5 
years

627.4

21.5

627.4

21.5

627.4

9.4

628.5

628.5

509.7

891.3

891.3

891.3

-

4.9

27.5

-

-

5.1

82.4

-

2,168.8

2,168.8

2,037.9

32.3

87.4

-

2.2

8.9

-

11.1

Sensitivity analysis

A reasonably possible strengthening (weakening) of the EUR against RON at 31 December 
would have affected the measurement of financial instruments denominated in a foreign currency 
and profit before tax by the amounts shown below. The analysis assumes that all other variables, in 
particular interest rates, remain constant and ignores any impact of forecast sales and purchases.

Table 57. Sensitivity analysis

(RON mn)

Effect
31 December 2022
EUR (5% movement)
31 December 2021
EUR (5% movement)

Profit before tax

Strengthening

Weakening

(1.0)

(0.9)

1.0

0.9

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

Exposure to interest rate risk 

Market risk 

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices – foreign exchange rates and interest 
rates – will affect the Group’s income or the value of its financial instruments held. The objective of 
market risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures within acceptable param-
eters, while optimising the return.

Currency risk

The Group has exposure to currency risk to the extent that there is a mismatch between the 
currencies in which sales, purchases and borrowings are denominated and the functional currency of 
the Group. The functional currency of all entities belonging to the Group is the Romanian Leu (RON). 

The currency in which these transactions are primarily denominated is RON. Certain liabili-
ties are denominated in foreign currency (EUR). The Group also holds deposits and bank accounts 
denominated in foreign currency (EUR). The Group’s policy is to use the local currency in its transac-
tions as far as practically possible. The Group does not use derivative or hedging instruments.

Exposure to currency risk 

The summary of quantitative information on the Group’s exposure to currency risk is given 

below.

Table 55. Exposure to currency risk 2022-2020

(RON mn)

31 December 2022
Denominated EUR

31 December 2021
Denominated EUR

31 December 2020
Denominated EUR

Cash and cash equivalents
Lease liability
Net statement of 
financial position 
exposure

0.3
(21.0)

(20.7)

0.8
(19.1)

(18.3)

3.3
(24.4)

(21.1)

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

The  interest  rate  profile  of  the  Group’s  interest-bearing  financial  instruments  is  presented 

below.

Table 58. Fixed-rate and variable-rate instruments – S-IFRS-EU

(RON mn)

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

Fixed-rate instruments

Financial assets

Call deposits 

Financial assets

Financial liabilities

Long-term bank 
borrowings

Lease liability

Total

Variable-rate 
instruments

Financial liabilities

Lease liability

Long-term bank 
borrowings

Bank overdrafts

Total

193.2

951.6

(651.8)

(37.4)

(455.6)

(16.3)

(109.0)

(2,571.0)

(2,696.3)

53.9

-

(418.9)

(8.3)

(373.3)

(13.3)

(209.6)

(627.4)

(850.3)

391.5

-

(728.9)

(9.1)

(346.5)

(18.6)

(49.9)

(165.0)

(233.5)

The following significant exchange rates have been applied during the year.

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021

Table 56. Average rate and year-end spot rate

Tabel 59. Fixed-rate and variable-rate instruments – S-OMFP 2844/2016

EUR/RON

Average rate

Year-end spot rate

2022
4.9315

2021
4.9204

2022
4.9474

2021
4.9481

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

(RON mn)
Fixed-rate instruments
Financial assets
Call deposits 
Financial liabilities

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

193.2

53.9

391.5

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
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O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

173

.

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2
2
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2

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N
N
A

172

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

(RON mn)
Long-term bank 
borrowings
Lease liability
Total
Variable-rate 
instruments
Financial liabilities
Lease liability
Long-term bank 
borrowings
Bank overdrafts
Total

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

31 December 2020

(651.8)

(37.4)
(495.9)

(16.3)
(109.0)

(2,571.0)
(2,696.3)

(418.9)

(8.3)
(373.3)

(13.3)
(209.6)

(627.4)
(850.3)

(728.9)

(9.1)
(346.5)

(18.6)
(49.9)

(165.0)
(233.5)

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021

Fair value sensitivity analysis for fixed-rate instruments

The Group does not account for any fixed-rate financial assets or financial liabilities at fair 
value  through  profit  or  loss.  Therefore,  a  change  in  interest  rates  at  the  reporting  date  would  not 
affect profit or loss. 

Cash flow sensitivity analysis for variable-rate instruments 

A reasonably possible change of 50 basis points in interest rates at the reporting date would 
have increased (decreased) profit before tax by the amounts shown below. This analysis assumes 
that all other variables, in particular foreign currency exchange rates, remain constant.

Table 60. Cash flow sensitivity analysis for variable-rate instruments

(RON mn)

Profit before tax

50 bp increase

50 bp decrease

31 December 2022
Variable-rate instruments
31 December 2021
Variable-rate instruments

(13.5)

(4.3)

13.5

4.3

Source: Consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group as of 31 December 2022

6.11. Description of the main features of internal control 
and risk management systems in relation to the 
financial reporting process

.

The internal control represents all measures, procedures and policies adopted by ELSA man-
agement and their implementation by the employees, regarding the organizational structure, applied 
procedures, methods, techniques and instruments, for the purpose of implementation of company 
strategy and objectives. The internal control includes all control forms performed at company level, 
such as preventive financial control, internal and managerial control, compliance control.

The internal control activity represents a way of analysis of ELSA activities, of adopting and 
applying  the  internal  management,  also  associated  with  the  knowledge  activity,  which  allows  the 
Company’s management to coordinate the activities within the organization in an efficient manner.

In this respect, through the internal control the monitoring and verification is carried out, in 
accordance with the legislation in force  and  the  specific  procedures, in compliance with the legal 
framework that regulates the activities carried out in the checked entities, according to the approved 
control objectives and themes.

Through  internal  control,  the  Company’s  management  ascertains  the  deviations  resulting 
from the established objectives, analyzes the causes and orders the corrective or preventive mea-
sures that are required.

.

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The internal control and the risk management systems have the following main goals:

 – protecting organizational resources against losses due to waste, negligence, abuses, fraud 

etc.;

 – compliance with the applicable legislation and the internal regulations;

 – the reliability of financial reporting (accuracy, completeness and correctness of the infor-

mation);

 – ensuring an environment based on identifying, understanding and controlling risks, envi-

ronment which will contribute to achieving the organizational goals;

 – efficient and effective business operations and use of resources;

 – applying the BoD and executive management resolutions and follow-up.

The achievement of these goals was performed in 2022 as follows:

 – in  order  to  ensure  internal  compliance  with  the  competition  and  state  aid  rules,  several 

training and practical verification sessions were conducted;

 – clear definition and responsibilities segregation for each person involved in the organiza-
tional process; segregation of duties regarding the carrying out the operations among the 
personnel, so that the approval, control and registration duties are adequately assigned to 
different persons (as per the Company’s organizational chart);

 – elaboration, update and implementation of regulations, policies, procedures, forms etc;

 – the  existence  of  a  Guide  for  Accounting  Policies,  elaborated  in  accordance  with  the  re-

quirements of the legislation in force, approved by the Board of Directors;

 – the existence of a schedule and a well-defined process regarding the elaboration of ac-
counting and financial information in accordance with the reporting requirements (finan-
cial  reports,  including  financial  statements,  annual  and  interim  reports,  budget  etc)  and 
their appropriate verification and approval by the Board of Directors, for the purpose of 
endorsing and release for publication.

The framework of ELSA’s internal control system consists of the following elements:

 – Control  environment  –  The  existence  of  a  control  environment  represents  the  basis  of 
an efficient internal control system. It consists of the commitment towards integrity and 
ethical values (for this purpose, a series of policies on zero tolerance towards corruption, 
anti-fraud and anti-money-laundering, avoidance and fighting against conflicts of interest, 
gifts policy, protocol expenses, and forbidding facilitating payments, transparency and the 
involvement of stakeholders), as well as organizational measures (policies on the delega-
tion of authority and responsibilities);

 – Evaluation of risks – Generally, all processes are within the scope of the internal control 
system. An identification process is carried out regarding major or critical risks, related to 
particular activities for stimulating internal control methods;

 – Control activities meant to reduce the risks – Control activities have different forms (man-
agerial control, general control, preventive financial control, etc.) and they are implement-
ed and carried out with the purpose of reducing significant operational and compliance 
risks;

 – Information and communication – Information helps all other components of the internal 
control system by communicating to employees their responsibilities for controling and 
providing  information  in  an  adequate  and  timely  manner,  so  that  all  employees  may  be 
able to fulfill their duties. Internal communication occurs by means of disseminating in-
formation to all levels, while the external one implies the dissemination of information to 
external parties, in accordance with the requirements and expectations;

 – Monitoring  activities  –  the  Audit  and  Risk  Committee  together  with  the  Internal  Audit 
Department assess the efficiency and the effective implementation of the internal control 
system.

The Company’s management monitors the functioning of internal controls by means of peri-
odical analyzes; for instance, the execution of the budget, the monitoring of security incidents, inter-
nal and external audit reports and internal control reports.

Deficiencies in the implementation or functioning of internal controls are documented into 
the  internal  control  reports,  respectively  in  internal  audit  reports  and  briefing  notes,  and  they  are 
presented to the management, with the purpose of issuing the corrective actions. 

.

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175

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7 Statements

176

177

7 Statements 

Appendix 1 – Litigations 

7 Statements

Based on the best available information, we confirm that the consolidated financial state-
ments reviewed and audited for the period ended 31 December 2022 prepared in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union (“IFRS-EU”), provi-
des an accurate and real image regarding the Electrica Group’s financial position, the financial per-
formance  and  the  cash  flows,  as  required  by  the  applicable  accounting  standards,  and  that  this 
Report, prepared in accordance with art. 63 of the law no. 24/2017 on issuers of financial instruments 
and market operations and to annex no. 15 to ASF Regulation no. 5/2018 for the period ended 31 
December 2022, comprises accurate and real information regarding the Group’s development and 
performance.

Based on the best available information, we confirm that the consolidated financial state-
ments reviewed and audited for the period ended 31 December 2022 prepared in accordance with 
OMFP 2844/2016 for the approval of the Accounting Regulations in accordance with the International 
Financial Reporting Standards adopted by the European Union with subsequent changes, provides 
an accurate and real image regarding the Electrica Group’s financial position, the financial perfor-
mance and the cash flows, as required by the applicable accounting standards, and that this Report, 
prepared in accordance with art. 63 of the law no. 24/2017 on issuers of financial instruments and 
market operations and to annex no. 15 to ASF Regulation no. 5/2018 for the period ended 31 December 
2022,  comprises  accurate  and  real 
information  regarding  the  Group’s  development  and 
performance.

Chair of the Board of Directors,

Iulian Cristian BOSOANCA

Chief Executive Officer,

Alexandru-Aurelian CHIRITA

Chief Financial Officer,

Stefan Alexandru FRANGULEA 

Appendix 1 – Litigations

 A.1.1 Electrica Group litigations in 2022:

A.1.1.1 Disputes with ANRE

Crt. 
no.

Parties/Case 
file number

Subject matter

Court

Case status

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Plaintiff: ELSA
Defendant: 
ANRE

192/2/2015

Plaintiff: ELSA;
Defendant: 
ANRE;

361/2/2015

Plaintiff: ELSA;
Defendant: 
ANRE;

360/2/2015

Plaintiff: ELSA;
Defendant: 
ANRE;

340/2/2016

Plaintiff: ELSA;
Defendant: 
ANRE;

342/2/2016

Plaintiff: ELSA; 
DEER
Defendant: 
ANRE;

7614/2/2018

Plaintiff: ELSA; 
DEER
Defendant: 
ANRE

7591/2/2018

Plaintiff: ELSA, 
DEER
Defendant: 
ANRE
434/2/2019

Plaintiff: ELSA, 
DEER
Defendant: 
ANRE
435/2/2019

Plaintiff: ELSA, 
DEER
Defendant: 
ANRE
436/2/2019

Cancellation  of  ANRE’s  President  Order  no.  146/2014 
regarding  the  establishment  of  the  regulated  rate  of 
return considered to the approval of the tariffs for the 
electricity distribution service provided by concession-
ary DSOs starting with 1st January 2015 and the abro-
gation of Art. 122 of the Tariff Setting Methodology for 
Electricity Distribution Service, approved by the ANRE 
Order no. 72/2013.

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice 

Appeal  –  finally  dis-
missed  on  31  March 
2022.

Cancellation of ANRE Order no. 155/2014 regarding the 
approval of the specific tariffs for the electricity distri-
bution service and the price for the reactive energy for 
DEER (former SDTN).

Bucharest 
Court of Appeal

Cancellation of ANRE Order no. 156/2014 regarding the 
approval of the specific tariffs for the electricity distri-
bution service and the price for the reactive energy for 
DEER (former SDTS).

Bucharest 
Court of Appeal

The  Court  dismissed 
the  case  on  merits. 
Appealable within 15 
days  from  it’s  com-
munication.

The  Court  dismissed 
the  case  on  merits. 
Appealable within 15 
days  from  it’s  com-
munication.

Action for partial annulment (regarding the special tar-
iffs) of the administrative act – ANRE Order 171/2015.

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice 

ELSA’s  action  was 
definitively 
dis-
missed

Action  for  partial  annulment  (regarding  the  special 
tariffs)  of  the  administrative  act  –  ANRE  Order.  No. 
172/2015.

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice 

ELSA’s  action  was 
definitively 
dis-
missed

Action for partial annulment of ANRE Order no. 169/2018 
regarding the approval of the Tariff Setting Methodolo-
gy for the Electricity Distribution Service.

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice

Action  for  the  annulment  of  the  ANRE  Order  no. 
168/2018  regarding  the  regulatory  rate  of  return  and 
obliging ANRE to issue a new order.

Bucharest 
Court of Appeal

Case  dismissed  on 
merits,  a  recourse 
was  filed,  in  course 
of settlement.

Suspended  until  de 
final  settlement  of 
case no. 541/36/2018 
of 
the  Bucharest 
Court of Appeal. 

Legal action for annulment of ANRE Order 197/2018 re-
garding the approval of the specific tariffs for the elec-
tricity distribution service and the price for the reactive 
electric energy for DEER (former SDMN).

Bucharest 
Court of Appeal

In  course  of  settle-
ment.

Legal action for annulment of ANRE Order 199/2018 re-
garding the approval of the specific tariffs for the elec-
tricity distribution service and the price for the reactive 
energy for DEER former SDTS). 

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice

On 9 June 2020, the 
court  rejected  the 
action as unfounded. 
An  appeal  was  filed, 
deliberation  pend-
ing.

Legal action for annulment of ANRE Order 198/2018 re-
garding the approval of the specific tariffs for the elec-
tricity distribution service and the price for the reactive 
energy for DEER former SDTN).

Bucharest 
Court of Appeal

In  course  of  settle-
ment. 

.

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179

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Appendix 1 – Litigations 

Crt. 
no.

Parties/Case 
file number

Subject matter

Court

Case status

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: 
ANRE

184/2/2015

Contentious  administrative  litigation  –  Cancellation  of 
ANRE Order no. 146/2014 regarding the setting of the 
regulated rate of return applied at the approval of the 
tariffs for the electricity distribution service provided by 
the DSOs starting with 1st January 2015 and the abroga-
tion of art. 122 of the tariff setting methodology for the 
electricity  distribution  service,  approved  by  the  ANRE 
order no. 72/2013.

Bucharest 
Court of Appeal

On  29  April  2022, 
the  Court  dismissed 
the case. Appealable 
within  15  days  from 
it’s communication.

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: 
ANRE

309/2/2020

Judicial action on the cancellation of documents issued 
by regulatory authorities – Order no. 227/2019 regard-
ing  the  approval  of  the  tariffs  for  the  electricity  distri-
bution service and the price for the reactive energy for 
DEER (former SDMN).

Bucharest 
Court of Appeal

In  course  of  settle-
ment.

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: 
ANRE

213/2/2015

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: 
ANRE
305/2/2020

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: 
ANRE

371/2/2015

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: 
ANRE

208/2/2015

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: 
ANRE
303/2/2020

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: 
ANRE
53/2/2022

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: 
ANRE
6176/2/2022

Cancellation of ANRE Order no. 146/2014 regarding the 
establishment of the regulated rate of return applied to 
the approval of the tariffs for the electricity distribution 
service provided by the DSOs from 1st January 2015 and 
the abrogation of Art. 122 of the Tariff Setting Methodol-
ogy for Electricity Distribution Service, approved by the 
ANRE Order no. 72/2013.

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice 

2022, 

Appeal  –  On  24 
March 
the 
Court  dismissed  the 
appeal  as  unfound-
ed. Final.

Action  for  the  cancellation  of  ANRE’s  President  Order 
no. 228/2019 regarding the approval of the of the spe-
cific tariffs for the electricity distribution service and the 
price for the reactive energy for DEER (former SDTN).

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice

Case  dismissed  on 
merits,  an  appeal 
was  filed,  in  course 
of settlement.

Cancellation of the ANRE’s President Order no. 156/2014 
regarding  the  approval  of  the  specific  tariffs  for  the 
electricity distribution service and the price for the re-
active energy for DEER (former SDTS).

Bucharest 
Court of Appeal

un-
Suspended 
til 
the  settlement 
of  the  case  file  no. 
208/2/2015.

Cancellation of the ANRE’s President Order no. 146/2014 
regarding the establishment of the regulated rate of re-
turn applied to the approval of the tariffs for the elec-
tricity  distribution  service  provided  by  DSOs  from  1st 
January 2015 and the abrogation of Art. 122 of the Tariff 
Pricing Methodology for Electricity Distribution Service, 
approved by the ANRE Order no. 72/2013.

Bucharest 
Court of Appeal

Cancellation  of  the  ANRE’s  President  Order  no. 
229/2019  regarding  the  approval  of  the  specific  tariffs 
for the electricity distribution service and the price for 
the reactive energy for DEER (former SDTS).

Bucharest Co-
urt of Appeal

Cancellation of the ANRE’s President Order no. 119/2021 
regarding  the  approval  of  the  specific  tariffs  for  the 
electricity distribution service and the price for the re-
active energy for DEER. 

Bucharest Co-
urt of Appeal

A  reinstatement  re-
quest  was  filed.  At-
tached  to  case  no. 
184/2/2015.  On  29 
April 2022, the Court 
dismissed  the  case. 
Appealable within 15 
days  from  its  com-
munication.

Suspended  on  02 
November 2022. Ap-
15 
pealable  within 
days  from  its  com-
munication.

Suspended 
un-
til  the  final  settle-
ment  of  case  no. 
6176/2/2022.

Action for partial annulment of ANRE Order no. 169/2018 
regarding the approval of the Tariff Setting Methodolo-
gy for the Electricity Distribution Service.

Bucharest Co-
urt of Appeal

In  course  of  settle-
ment.

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

Source: Electrica

Appendix 1 – Litigations 

A.1.1.2 Fiscal matter disputes

Crt.
no.

Parties/Case file 
number

Object

Court

Case status

1

2

3

Plaintiff: ELSA
Defendant: NAFA

17237/299/2017

Plaintiff: ELSA
Defendant: NAFA

9131/2/2017

Plaintiff: ELSA
Defendant: NAFA - 
DGAMC 

25091/299/2018

Plaintiff: ELSA
Defendant: NAFA - 
DGAMC 

4

2444/2/2021

1. Suspension of forced execution initiat-
ed by NAFA-DGAMC in the enforcement 
file  no.  13267221  under  the  enforceable 
order  no.  13725/3  May  2017  and  of  the 
no. 13739/3 May 2017; 
2.  Cancellation  of  the  enforcement  or-
der  no.  13725/3  May  2017,  of  the  no. 
61/90/1/2017/263129  (which  also  bears 
the  No.  13739/3  May  2017)  issued  by 
NAFA-DGAMC  for  the  amount  of  RON 
39,248,818  and  all  subsequent  execu-
tion  orders  issued  in  connection  with 
the  forced  execution  of  the  amount  of 
RON 39,248,818 in the execution file no. 
13267221.

Annulment  of  the  tax  decisions  issued 
by  NAFA  and  communicated  to  the 
company  by  address  no.  665/17  March 
2017,  new  accessories  amounting  to 
RON 39,053,522.

Appeal  to  execution  and  suspension  of 
forced  execution  -  cancellation  of  the 
enforcement  order  no.  13566/22  June 
2018 and the notice 13567/22 June 2018, 
issued  in  the  execution  file  no.13267221
/61/90/1/2018/278530,  amounting  to 
RON  10,024,825  (representing  the  par-
tial fine from the Competition Council).

1. Obligation of NAFA to correct the evi-
dence of tax receivables, held according 
to art. 153 FPC so that it reflects the deci-
sions given by the courts in the disputes 
between  the  parties,  through  decisions 
that  have  come  into  the  power  of  the 
judicial  work,  respectively  by:  a)  Deci-
sion no. 1078/17 April 2015 issued by the 
Bucharest  Court  of  Appeal  in  case  no. 
5433/2/2013;  b)  Decision  no.  5154/26 
June  2017  issued  by  Bucharest  District 
1  Court  in  case  no.  51817/299/2016*;  c) 
Decision  no.  624/06 March  2015  issued 
by  the  Bucharest  Court  of  Appeal  in 
case  no.  7614/2/2013;  Obligation  of 
NAFA to draw up those acts or admin-
istrative  correction  operations  which: 
-  to  reflect  Electrica’s  right  to  the  re-
imbursement  of  RON  5,860,080  repre-
senting fiscal obligation unlawfully rein-
stated in the fiscal evidence; - to reflect 
Electrica’s  right  to  the  reimbursement 
of RON 817,521 which was not object of 
the  reimbursement  made  by  NAFA  on 
22  September  2020,  arising  from  the 
annulment of the fiscal decision in case 
mentioned in item 1 above, let. a); 2. Ob-
ligation of NAFA to pay the legal inter-
ests  related  to  the  period  12  December 
2016  –  21  September  2020,  calculated 
in  a  percentage  of  0.02%/day  of  delay 
for  the  debt  amount  of  RON  18,687,515 
reimbursed  on  22  September  2020,  in 
total amount of RON 5,161,491.64; 3. Es-
tablishing a 15 days term from the deci-
sion so that NAFA-DGAMC to settle the 
fiscal  file  as  indicated  above,  imposing 
late penalties of RON 1,000/day of delay 
for exceeding this term, due to Electrica 
by DGAMC.

District 1 
Court

Action admitted on merits. The Decis-
sion was appealed 

High Court 
of Cassation 
and Justice

Action admitted on merits. NAFA filed 
an appeal, definitively dismissed on 23 
March 2022.

District 1 
Court

Suspended  until  the  settlement  of 
case no. 3889/2/2018.

Bucharest 
Court of Ap-
peal

In course of settlement.

.

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181

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180

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Appendix 1 – Litigations 

Crt.
no.

Parties/Case file 
number

Object

Court

Case status

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: NAFA - 
DGAMC

359/2/2021 (former
1018/2/2016*)

Cancellation of administrative act – De-
cision  no.  462/23  November  2015,  liti-
gation  amount  of  RON  7,731,693  (RON 
4,689,686 income tax + RON 3,042,007 
VAT)  and  for  the  amount  of  RON 
6,154,799 (RON 3,991,503 interests/pen-
alties and late fees related to income tax 
+ RON 2,163,296 interests/penalties and 
delay fees related to the VAT).

Bucharest 
Court of Ap-
peal - retrial

The  court  of  first  instance  rejected 
the  action  as  unfounded.  The  plain-
tiff  filed  an  appeal,  admitted  by  the 
court,  which  quashes  the  contested 
decisions and, re-judging, partially ad-
mits the action. Partially annuls Deci-
sion no.462/23 November 2015 issued 
by  A.N.A.F–DGSC,  regarding  point  3. 
Obliges the defendant A.N.A.F–DGSC 
to settle on the merits the claim regard-
ing  the  amount  of  RON  10,091,323.  It 
sends for retrial to the same court the 
request regarding the other fiscal ob-
ligations  retained  by  the  fiscal  body, 
amounting RON 13,886,492. Final (file 
no.  1018/2/2016*).  In  retrial,  case  no. 
1018/2/2016*  was  registered  with  a 
new  number,  359/2/2021  -  in  course 
of settlement.
DGAMG-ANAF  rejected  by  Solution 
Decision  no.  154/02  July  2020,  the 
appeal regarding the amount of RON 
10,091,323  (Point  3  of  Decision  no. 
462/2015) reason for which an action 
for annulment was filed on 22 Decem-
ber 2020 (file no. 641/42/2020).

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: DGAMC 
– NAFA
641/42/2020

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: Galati 
City Hall - DITVL 
Galati

263/42/2020

Annulment  of  the  administrative  act  of 
the  Settlement  Decision  154/02  July 
2020 for the amount of RON 10,091,323 
(point 3 of the Decision no. 462/23 No-
vember 2015)

Cancellation  of  administrative  docu-
ments issued by the fiscal bodies within 
the  Galati  City  Hall  -  DITVL  Galati,  re-
spectively  Fiscal  inspection  report,  tax-
ation  decision  and  decision  to  resolve 
the  appeal.  According  to  the  Fiscal  In-
spection  Report,  the  control  team  de-
termined an additional tax on buildings, 
together with the related accessories, in 
a  total  amount  of  RON  24.831.293,  for 
the 2012-2015 period.

Ploiesti Court 
of Appeal

In course of settlement.

High Court 
of Cassation 
and Justice

On  merits,  the  Court  dismissed  the 
case  as  unfounded,  a  recourse  was 
filed, in course of settlement.

5

6

7

Plaintiff: EL SERV 
Defendant: NAFA

8

5786/2/2018

Cancellation of administrative act NAFA 
RIF  2017  and  decision  no.  305/30  May 
2017,  amounting  to  RON  46,260,952, 
the  amount  by  which  the  fiscal  loss  of 
the  Company  was  diminished;  RON 
7,563,561  established  as  additional  VAT 
for payment by the refusal to deduct the 
VAT + related accessories.

High Court 
of Cassation 
and Justice

By  decision  2145/2019  dated  03  July 
2019,  the  court  admits  the  request. 
Partially  annuls  Decision  no.  22/18 
January  2018  regarding  the  settle-
ment of the appeal, Taxation Decision 
no.  F-MC  305/30  May  2017,  The  pro-
vision  regarding  the  measures  estab-
lished  by  the  fiscal  inspection  bodies 
no.  115046/30  May  2017  and  RIF  no. 
F-MC  177/30  May  2017,  regarding 
the  amount  of  RON  7,264,463  VAT 
with  the  related  accessories,  illegally 
retained  as  non-deductible,  respec-
tively  regarding  the  amount  of  RON 
37,083,657  with  which  the  fiscal  loss 
was  illegally  diminished.  In  the  case, 
an  appeal  was  filed  by  both  parties, 
in course of settlement. The court ad-
mits the recourse filed by the parties 
and,  rejudging  the  case,  rejected  the 
summons filed by FISE Electrica Serv 
SA. Final.

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Plaintiff: EL SERV
Defendant: NAFA

31945/3/2018

Cancellation  of  administrative  deci-
sion  no.  221/19  July  2017  -  cancellation 
of  penalties  related  to  the  decision  no. 
305/2017 from above, RON 118,215.

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: MFP- 
NAFA – DGRFP Cluj 
– AJFP Maramures

371/33/2017

Appeal  of  tax  decision  no.  F-MM-
180/2016  regarding  additional  tax  and 
VAT, as well as interest/late payment in-
creases and late payment penalties. Pre-
liminary administrative procedures were 
conducted in 2017, prior to the case fil-
ing. Amount: RON 32,295,033.

Bucharest 
Court

Suspended  until  the  final  settlement 
of the case no. 5786/2/2018.

High Court 
of Cassation 
and Justice

Decision dated 28 March 2022: admits 
DEER’s  recourse  and  dismisses  the 
other recourses. Final. 

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Crt.
no.

Parties/Case file 
number

Plaintiff: EFSA
Defendant: NAFA – 
DGAMC

11

8709/2/2018

Source: Electrica

Object

Court

Case status

Cancellation of:
• DGSC Decision no. 325/26 June 2018
• Decision  F-MC  678/28  December 

2017

• Report F-MC 385/28 December 2017
• Decision no. 511/24 October 2018
• Decision no. 21095/24 July 2018
Value: RON 11,483,652 

Bucharest 
Court of Ap-
peal

 In course of settlement.

A.1.1.3 Other significant litigations (with a value higher than 
EUR 500 thousand)

Crt. 
no.

Parties/Case file 
number

Object

Court

Case status

Obligation  of  Electrica  to  pay 
to  SPEEH  Hidroelectrica  SA  the 
amount of RON 5,444,761 (the loss 
suffered  by  selling  energy  at  an 
average  price  per  MWh  under  the 
production cost of 1 MWh); partial 
obligation  to  pay  the  unrealized 
benefit of Hidroelectrica by selling 
the total amount of 398,300 MWh, 
calculated  according  to  the  ANRE 
regulations  (RON  9,646,826,  ac-
cording  to  the  written  instructions 
dated  5  May  2015/RON  5,444,761 
according  to  the  applicant’s  con-
clusions  mentioned  in  the  Conclu-
sion of 15 March 2017); ordering the 
defendant to pay the legal interest 
from the date of the decision until 
the effective payment, court costs.

Bucharest Court 
of Appeal

The court of first instance rejects the ex-
ception of the prescription of the mate-
rial  right  to  action  as  unreasonable  and 
the action as unfounded. 
Both parties have appealed, dismissed as 
unfounded. Both parties filed an appeal. 
Hidroelectrica’s appeal was rejected. The 
ELSA appeal was admitted, the case be-
ing sent for retrial to the Bucharest Court 
of Appeal. In the retrial, the court admits 
ELSA appeal, changes the appealed sen-
tence in the sense that it admits the ex-
ception of the prescription of the materi-
al right to action and rejects the action as 
prescribed.  With  appeal  within  30  days 
from  the  communication.  Definitively 
settled.

Bankruptcy,  registering  to  the  list 
of creditors for the amount of RON 
2,591,163

Bucharest Tri-
bunal

Ongoing procedure.

Bankruptcy,  registering  to  the  list 
of  creditors  in  amount  of  RON 
3,826,035.

Braila Court 

Ongoing procedure.

Bankruptcy,  remaining  amount  to 
be recovered – RON 116,058.538.

Valcea Court 

Ongoing procedure.
The amount is registered in the definitive 
table  of  receivables  updated  following 
the  fact  that  the  Decision  EU  Tribunal 
from  Luxemburg,  establishing  that  Olt-
chim S.A. benefited from illegal state aid 
from  a  numberof  Romanian  companies, 
including  ELECTRICA  S.A,  became  de-
finitive. 

Bankruptcy,  registering  to  the  list 
of  creditors  in  amount  of  RON 
2,917,266.

Alba Iulia Court 
of Appeal

The procedure was closed on 12 Decem-
ber  2022,  the  decision  being  appealed 
by DEER, in course of settlement.

Insolvency  proceedings.  Amount 
RON 37,088,830.

Bucharest Court

Ongoing  reorganization  procedure.  On 
03  February  2021,  the  Debtor’s  reorga-
nization  plan  was  confirmed,  according 
to  which  unsecured  receivables  do  not 
participate  in  distributions.  ELSA’s  ap-
peal against the sentence confirming the 
reorganization  plan  was  definitively  dis-
missed.

Bankruptcy. 
6,027,537.

Amount: 

RON 

Bucharest Court Ongoing procedure

Insolvency  proceedings.  Amount: 
RON 11,354,912.

Iasi Court

Ongoing procedure. The judicial adminis-
trator filed a banckrupcy request.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Plaintiff: SPEEH Hi-
droelectrica S.A.
Defendant: ELSA

13268/3/2015*

Creditor: ELSA
Debtor: Petprod 
S.A.
47478/3/2012/a1

Creditor: ELSA
Debtor: CET Braila 
S.A.
2712/113/2013

Creditor: ELSA, 
AAAS, BCR SA and 
others
Debtor: Oltchim 
S.A.
887/90/2013

Creditor: ELSA
Debtor: Romenergy 
Industry SRL
2088/107/2016

Creditor: ELSA
Debtor: Transener-
go Com S.A.
1372/3/2017

Creditor: ELSA
Debtor: Electra 
Management & 
Supply SRL
41095/3/2016

Creditor: ELSA
Debtor: Fidelis En-
ergy SRL
3052/99/2017

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13

14

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Appendix 1 – Litigations 

Crt. 
no.

Parties/Case file 
number

Object

Court

Case status

Plaintiff: ELSA 
Defendant: Com-
petition Council 
3889/2/2018

Administrative  litigation  -  annul-
ment  of  Competition  Council  De-
cision  no.  77/20  December  2017, 
by  which  an  ELSA  charge  is  set 
through  a  fine  of  RON  10,800,984 
and, in the subsidiary, the reduction 
of the fine set up to the legal min-
imum  of  0.5%  of  ELSA’s  turnover, 
by  re-individualizing  the  alleged 
anticompetitive  facts,  with  the  re-
tention and full use of all mitigating 
circumstances applicable to ELSA.

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice

The  court  dismissed  ELSA’s  action  as 
unfounded; ELSA filed an appeal, defini-
tively dismissed.

Plaintiff: ELSA  De-
fendant: EL SERV

39968/3/2018 

Action for damages - request pay-
ment  of  penalty  interest  in  the 
amount  of  RON  6,782,891,  related 
to the amount of RON 10,327,442.

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice

The first court partly admitted the action 
and ordered the payment of the legal in-
terest  calculated  for  the  period  20  No-
vember 2015-22 May 2018. EL SERV filed 
an  appeal,  dismissed  as  unfunded.  EL 
SERV  filled  a  recourse,  definitively  dis-
missed on 17 May 2022.

Plaintiff: ELSA  
Defendant: Elite 
Insurance Company 
44380/3/2018

Claims - request for equivalent val-
ue of the insurance policy issued to 
guarantee  the  obligations  of  Tran-
senergo Com S.A., in the amount of 
RON 4,000,000.

Bucharest Court

Suspended  based  on  art.  307  Civil  Pro-
cedure Code.

Claims  –  RON  4,000,000  (ELSA) 
and RON 97,350 and the bearing of 
any damage related to the non-ful-
filment of its obligation (Transener-
go Com) – regarding the insurance 
policy  issued  to  guarantee  the 
payment obligations of Trasenergo 
Com

Bucharest Court 
of Appeal

The  court  rejected  the  request  as  un-
founded,  and  Transenergo  Com  request 
as  directed  against  a  person  without 
passive procedural capacity. With appeal 
within  30  days  from  communication. 
ELSA filed an appeal. 
The court ordered the termination of the 
case, based on art. 75 of Law no. 85/2014. 
ELSA has filed a request for registration 
at the credit table in the bankruptcy file 
of Silver Broker de Asigurare-Reasigura-
re SRL, case no. 37068/3/2021.
To  this  file  was  connected  the  case  no. 
3474/299/2020.

Plaintiff: ELSA
Transenergo Com 
S.A.
Defendant: Silver 
Broker de Asigu-
rare-Reasigurare 
SRL (former Zurich 
Broker de Asigurare 
Reasigurare SRL)
3310/3/2020

Plaintiff: ELSA
Defendant: Silver 
Broker de Asigu-
rare-Reasigurare 
SRL (former Zurich 
Broker de Asigurare 
Reasigurare SRL)

37068/3/2021

Plaintiff: ELSA
Defendant: former 
directors and admi-
nistrators of ELSA
35729/3/2019

Claims  -  claim  for  damages  calcu-
lated  as  a  result  of  the  control  of 
the  Court  of  Accounts,  amounting 
RON 322,835,121.

Bucharest Court

Suspended  untill  the  final  settlement  of 
case 2229/2/2017.

Plaintiff: VIR Com-
pany International 
S.R.L.
Defendant: DEER

15

7507/105/2017

Claims  -  the  amount  requested  by 
VIR  Company  International  SRL 
consists of: 
-  EUR  5,000,000,  damage  caused 
by delayed issuance of the connec-
tion certificate for the photovoltaic 
plant  located  in  Valea  Calugareas-
ca commune, Darvari village;
-  EUR  155,000,  equivalent  of  the 
amount  of  electricity  produced  by 
the  plant  during  the  technological 
tests period;
-  EUR  145,000,  green  certificates 
related  to  the  amount  of  energy 
produced by the photovoltaic plant 
during  the  technological  tests  pe-
riod.
In  addition,  it  requires  to  DEER  to 
pay  the  penalty  interest  of  5.75%/
year  for  all  the  amounts  of  money 
claimed and court costs.

Prahova Court

The  court  rejects  the  exceptions  of  in-
admissibility  and  lack  of  object  of  the 
introductory  request  invoked  by  the 
defendant,  as  unfounded.  Dismisses  the 
introductory  request  as  unfounded.  Ac-
cepts  in  part  the  request  made  by  the 
defendant  regarding  the  payment  of 
court  costs  and  obliges  the  plaintiff  to 
the  defendant  to  pay  the  court  costs, 
respectively  to  pay  the  sum  of  RON 
50,000  representing  a  reduced  attor-
ney’s fee. Appealable within 15 days from 
communication.  On  07  July  2022,  the 
court  partially  admitted  the  request  to 
increase the expert’s fee for the amount 
of RON 13,100 and obliges the plaintiff to 
pay this amount to the expert. With ap-
peal within 15 days from the notification 
of the decision.

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Crt. 
no.

Parties/Case file 
number

Object

Court

Case status

16

17

Creditor: DEER
Debtor: Transener-
go Com S.A.

1372/3/2017

Insolvency  proceedings.  Amount: 
RON 9,274,831.

Bucharest Court

Ongoing  proceedings.  On  3  February 
2021,  the  Debtor’s  reorganization  plan 
was  confirmed,  according  to  which  un-
secured  receivables  do  not  participate 
in distributions. The Debit represents the 
accumulated  receivables  as  a  result  of 
the distribution subsidiaries merger.

Plaintiff: DEER
Debtor: ELSA
18976/3/2020
(33763/3/2019)

Claims,  according  to  the  Court 
of  Accounts  Decision,  represent-
ing  payments  not  owed  of  RON 
20,350,189 made by DEER (former 
SDMN).

Bucharest Court

Suspended  until  the  final  settlement  of 
case no. 1677/105/2017.

18

Plaintiff: Tutu Daniel 
and Tudori Ionel
Dedendant: DEER
180/233/2020*

Claims - equivalent value of land re-
lated to the Galati Center Transfor-
mation Station – RON 2,500,000.

Galati Court

The  court  of  first  instance  partially  ad-
mitted  the  request  to  compel  the  de-
fendants to pay the plaintiffs the sum of 
EUR  241,600  as  compensation  for  the 
lack  of  use  of  the  income.  Obliges  the 
defendants  to  pay  to  the  plaintiffs  the 
legal interest regarding the damages es-
tablished  from  the  moment  of  the  final 
stay until the actual payment.
It finalizes the experts’ fee in the amount 
of  RON  1,600  for  expert  Bogatu  Mirela 
Dorina  and  the  amount  of  RON  1,500 
for  expert  Grecu  Iulian  and  obliges  the 
plaintiffs to pay the expert Bogatu Mirela 
Dorina the amount of RON 600 - the dif-
ference between the expert’s fee and to 
expert Grecu Iulian the amount of 500. It 
obliges the defendants to pay the defen-
dant Tutu Daniel the sum of RON 38,605 
and the plaintiff Tudori Ionel the sum of 
RON  12,000  as  court  costs.  The  appeal 
was filed.

Action in “Obligation to do” admin-
istrative  litigation.  Sinaia  City  Hall 
requests: 
-mainly:  obliging  MN  to  comply 
with  LCD  113/2015  in  the  sense  of 
executing  the  works  regarding 
the  underground  location  of  the 
technical-municipal  networks  for 
the  project  “Energy  efficiency  and 
lighting  extension  of  the  historic 
area - Sinaia” 
- in the alternative: in case MN will 
not execute the works in due time 
and  the  City  Hall  will  execute  the 
works in our name and on our be-
half, MN will be obliged to pay RON 
7,659,402.72 + VAT (RON 9,101,192); 
-  updating  the  amount  requested 
in subsidiary with the inflation rate 
and legal interest.

Prahova Court

The Court dismissed the case on merits. 
Appealable within 15 days from it’s com-
munication.

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: Romen-
ergy Industry S.A.

20

2088/107/2016

21

22

23

Plaintiff: Asirom 
Vienna Insurance 
Group S.A.
Defendant: DEER

439/111/2017

Plaintiff: Energo 
Proiect SRL
Defendant: DEER, 
DEER – Oradea 
Subsidiary
374/1285/2018

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: ELSA

4469/62/2018

Bankruptcy 
9,224,595.51.

- 

amount:  RON 

Alba Iulia Court 
of Appeal

The  court  of  first  instance  admitted  the 
request  to  close  the  bankruptcy  proce-
dure.  The  debit  represents  the  accumu-
lated  receivables  as  a  result  of  the  dis-
tribution subsidiaries merger. The appeal 
was filed, in course of settlement.

Recourse  claims  – 
for  RON 
2,842,347,  representing  the  com-
pensation  paid  by  the  plaintiff  to 
the insured company SC Ciocorom 
SRL  following  a  fire  that  occurred 
on  7  March  2013.  DEER  (former 
SDTN) fault is invoked for the over-
voltage after a power outage.

Oradea Court of 
Appeal

Case  dismissed  on  merits.  Appeal  in 
course of settlement.

Claims of RON 2,387,357.

Cluj Court of 
Appeal 

Claims  according  to  the  Courts  of 
Account findings – RON 8,951,811 

Brasov Court

On  merits  and  in  the  appeal,  the  case 
was dismissed. The Court admits the ap-
peal  declared  by  the  plaintiff  ENERGO 
PROIECT S.R.L., cancels the decision and 
sends  the  case  to  a  new  trial,  the  same 
court. Appeal for retrial.

First  instance.  The  High  Court  of  Cas-
sation  and  Justice  solved  the  negative 
competence  conflict  between  Brasov 
Court  and  Bucharest  Court,  the  case 
being  in  course  of  settlement  at  Brasov 
Court. 

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Bankruptcy - application for regis-
tration at the credit table with the 
amount of 4,000,000 RON

Bucharest Tri-
bunal

ELSA submitted a request for reinstate-
ment within the deadline (admitted) and 
registration at the credit table, currently 
being resolved by the judicial liquidator.

19

Plaintiff: Sinaia City 
Hall
Defendant: DEER
3719/105/2020**

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Object

Court

Case status

Crt. 
no.

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Crt. 
no.

Parties/Case file 
number

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: direc-
tors and managers
342/62/2020*

Plaintiff: EL SERV
Defendant: National 
Leasing IFN S.A.

18711/3/2010

Plaintiff: EL SERV
Defendant: Servicii 
Energetice Banat 
S.A.
8776/30/2013 
(joint with cu 
2982/30/2014)

Plaintiff: EL SERV
Defendant: SEO
2570/63/2014

Plaintiff: EL SERV
Defendant: SED
8785/118/2014

Plaintiff: EL SERV
Defendant: SE Mol-
dova
4435/110/2015

Plaintiff: EL SERV
Defendant: New 
Koppel Romania
20376/3/2016

Plaintiff: Integrator 
S.A.
Defendant: EL 
SERV,
SAP Romania
34479/3/2016**

Plaintiff: EL SERV
Defendant: direc-
tors and adminis-
trators 2013-2014
35815/3/2019

Plaintiff: EL SERV
Defendant: direc-
tors and adminis-
trators 2010-2014
35828/3/2019

Creditor: EFSA
Debtor: Apaterm 
S.A. Galati 
4783/121/2011*

Creditor: EFSA
Debtor: Vegetal 
Trading SRL Braila 
1653/113/2014

Creditor: EFSA
Debtor: Ariesmin 
S.A. Branch
7375/107/2008

Creditor: EFSA
Debtor: Zlatmin 
S.A. Branch
6/107/2003

Creditor: EFSA
Debtor: Hidromeca-
nica S.A.
3836/62/2009

Creditor: EFSA
Debtor: Nitramonia 
S.A.
1183/62/2004

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Claims  against  the  former  general 
managers of the company, as a re-
sult  of  the  non-fulfillment  of  some 
measures  ordered  by  the  Court  of 
Accounts  for  the  amount  of  RON 
8,951,812.

Bankruptcy  –  amount  admit-
ted  to  the  list  of  creditors:  RON 
21,663,983.27  (guaranteed  RON 
17,580,203.48  and  unsecured  RON 
4,083,779.79).

Brasov Court

Suspended  untill  the  final  settlement  of 
case no. 4469/62/2018.

Bucharest Court

The insolvency procedure was closed. Fi-
nal solution.

Bankruptcy 
-  amount  admit-
ted  to  the  list  of  creditors  RON 
72,180,439.68.

Timis Court 

Ongoing proceedings.

Bankruptcy 
-  amount  admit-
ted  to  the  list  of  creditors  RON 
26,533,446.

Bankruptcy 
-  amount  admit-
ted  to  the  list  of  creditors:  RON 
15,130,315.27.

Bankruptcy  –  amount:  admit-
ted  to  the  list  of  creditors  RON 
73,708,082.90. 

Dolj Court 

Ongoing proceedings. 

Constanta Court  Ongoing proceedings. 

Bacau Court 

Ongoing proceedings. 

Claims – EUR 655,164, equivalent of 
RON 3,210,305.75.

Bucharest Court Ongoing proceedings. 

The case was suspended on 12 June 2019 
until  the  jurisdiction  was  established  in 
case  3O  266/2017  registered  with  the 
Karlsruhe Court and declined in favor of 
the Mannheim Court.

The  court  dismissed  the  action  as  pre-
scribed, ordering the plaintiff to pay the 
judicial  costs.  Appeal  suspended,  con-
sidering  the  death  of  the  respondent 
Popescu  Romeo;  steps  have  been  initi-
ated to identify the heirs. Case reinstat-
ed,  appeal  dismissed  as  unfounded.  A 
recourse was filed.

The court dismissed the action as it has 
been  modifed  and  specified,  as  pre-
scribed.  Orders  the  plaintiff  to  pay  the 
judicial  costs.  An  appeal  was  filed,  dis-
missed as unfounded. A recourse will be 
filed.

Bucharest Court 
of Appeal

Bucharest Court 
of Appeal

Galati Court

Ongoing proceedings.

Braila Court

Case closed, the Decision being final on 
27 April 2022.

Alba Court

Ongoing proceedings.

Alba Court

Ongoing proceedings.

Brasov Court 

Case  closed,  the  decision  being  final  on 
13 April 2021.

Brasov Court 

Ongoing proceedings.

Action  in  attracting  the  liability 
of  directors  and  administrators  - 
measure  II.7  of  Decision  no.  13/27 
December  2016  issued  by  the  Ro-
manian  Court  of  Accounts–  RON 
7,165,549  +  legal  interest  of  RON 
4,485,340.29.

Action  in  attracting  the  liability 
of  directors  and  administrators  - 
measure  II.8  of  Decision  no.13/27 
December  2016  issued  by  the  Ro-
manian  Court  of  Accounts  for  the 
amount  of  RON  19,611,812  +  Legal 
penalties of RON 14,475,832.43.

Bankruptcy – registering to the list 
of creditors for the amount of RON 
2,547,551.

Insolvency  proceedings  -  register-
ing  to  the  list  of  creditors  for  the 
amount of RON 1,851,392.

Bankruptcy - registering to the list 
of creditors for the amount of RON 
20,711,588.

Bankruptcy - registering to the list 
of creditors for the amount of RON 
9,314,176.

Bankruptcy - registering to the list 
of creditors for the amount of RON 
4,792,026.

Bankruptcy - registering to the list 
of creditors for the amount of RON 
2,321,847

Appendix 1 – Litigations 

Parties/Case file 
number
Creditor: EFSA
Debtor: Remin S.A.

32/100/2009

Creditor: EFSA
Debtor: Oltchim 
S.A.

887/90/2013

Creditor: EFSA
Debtor: Energon 
Power and Gas 
S.R.L.

53/1285/2017

Creditor: EFSA
Debtor: CUG S.A.

2145/1285/2005

Creditor: EFSA
Debtor: Colterm 
4657/30/2021     

Plaintiff: EFSA
Defendant: ELSA
6665/3/2019

Plaintiff: EFSA
Defendant: natural 
persons
Called in guarantee:
ELSA
35647/3/2019

Plaintiff: UAT Targu 
Secuiesc
Defendant: EFSA
886/119/2022

Reclamant:EDPR 
Romania SRL 
Parat: EFSA
19662/3/2022

Plaintiff: EL SERV 
Defendant: ENEL 
DISTRIBUTIE 
MUNTENIA S.A. 
4233/2/2020 
(former no. 
24088/3/2015)

Plaintiff: Ivan Laura 
Ionela
Ivan Cornel Ionut   
Ivan Vladimir Mihai
Defendant: EL 
SERV
34705/3/2015

Plaintiff: Cazacu 
Maria
Defendant: DEER 
7212/200/2020   

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

Object

Court

Case status

Insolvency  proceedings  -  register-
ing  to  the  list  of  creditors  for  the 
amount of RON 71,443,402.

Bankruptcy - registering to the list 
of creditors for the amount of RON 
21,349,705.

Timisoara Court  Ongoing proceedings.

Valcea Court 

Ongoing proceedings.

Insolvency  proceedings  -  register-
ing  to  the  list  of  creditors  for  the 
amount of RON 2,421,236.

Cluj Specialized 
Court

Ongoing proceedings.

Bankruptcy - registering to the list 
of creditors for the amount of RON 
7,880,857.

Cluj Specialized 
Court

Ongoing proceedings.

Timis Court

Ongoing proceedings.

Inslovency  -  registered  to  the  list 
of creditors for the amount of RON 
2,520,449.97

Claims:  request  of  payment  reard-
ing  the  invoices  paid  without  sup-
porting documents, as it has been 
stated  by  the  Court  of  Account  – 
RON 7,025,632.

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice

The  First  Instance  court  dismissedthe 
claim  of  EFSA  .  The  Decision  has  been 
appealed  and  dismissed  by  the  Court. 
EFSA  filed  a  recourse,  in  course  of  set-
tlement.

Dismisses  as  prescribed  the  action  filed 
by  the  plaintiff  EFSA.  and  dismisses  as 
objectless  the  waranty  claims  issued  by 
the  defendants,  two  former  directors 
and one former general manager, against 
ELSA.  The  amount  for  which  ELSA 
was  called  as  collateral  is  around  RON 
6,232,398,  representing  the  main  debit, 
to which are added interest and payment 
of any other amounts that the court may 
charge.  EFSA  filed  appeal,  dismissed  as 
unfounded.  Against  the  Decision  a  re-
course was filed, canceled by the Court. 
Final.

Claims – RON 2,718,151.15

Covasna Tribu-
nal

In course of settlement.

Claims – RON 7,128,509

Bucharest Tri-
bunal

In course of settlement.

Claims.  Late  payment  penalties 
regarting  the  litigation  with  Auto-
courier  S.R.L.  in  amount  of  RON 
the 
3,068,929.67  according 
Agreement  no.  1055/2002  as  well 
as  delay  penalties  for  the  main 
debt  of  RON  5,605,351.26  calcu-
lated  after  30  June  2015  untill  the 
entire payment of the main debt.

to 

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice.

Case  admitted  in  retrial  on  merits.  The 
appeal filed by Enel against the decision 
favorable  to  SEM  was  dismissed.  E-Dis-
tributie filed an appeal, dismissed as un-
founded. Final.

Civil liability - work accident result-
ing in employee  death  (amount  of 
compensation claims – EUR 3 mn.).

Bucharest Court

Case  suspended  according  to  art.  413 
alin. 1 par. 1 Civil Procedure Code. (crimi-
nal case ongoing).

Liability of the principal for the act 
of  the  defendant-  work  accident 
resulting  in  death  of  an  AISE  em-
ployee  (amount  of  compensation 
claimed: EUR 510,000)

Buzau Court

In course of settlement.

.

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Claims  –  EUR  1.277.435,25  license 
+ EUR 2.650.855,68 maintenance – 
RON equivalent 19,321,005.11

Bucharest Court 
of Appeal

Claims  according  to  art.  155  of 
Companies Law no. 31/1990 for the 
amount of RON 7,128,509.

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Appendix 1 – Litigations 

Crt. 
no.

Parties/Case file 
number

Object

Court

Case status

A.1.1.4 Litigations against the Romanian Court of Accounts

Appendix 1 – Litigations 

52

Plaintiff: Pricopie 
Stefan
Defendant: DEER 
12807/231/2019

Faulty  killing  (art.192  NCP)  -  third 
party  electric  shock  (amount  of 
damages claimed: EUR 500,000)

Galati Court of 
Appeal

Plaintiff: DEER – 
Defendant: COS 
Targoviste
1906/120/2013

Insolvency  –  banckrupcy  –  total 
amount:  RON  5,589,482.51  out  of 
which  RON  1,357,789.92  –  amount 
at  the  list  of  creditors  and  RON 
4,231,692.59 - current receivables.

Dambovita 
Court

Claims: RON 4,343,437 

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice 

In  appeal,  on  24  June  2022,  the  Court 
admits  the  appeal  declared  by  the  civil 
party  Pricopi  Stefan.  Partially  abolishes 
the  criminal  sentence  no.  160/11  Febru-
ary  2022  of  the  Focsani  District  Court, 
removing  the  provisions  regarding  the 
acquittal  of  the  defendant,  in  retrial:  it 
orders  the  termination  of  the  criminal 
proceedings initiated against the defen-
dant  DEER.  -  Focsani  Branch,  for  com-
mitting  the  crime  of  culpable  homicide. 
Maintains the other provisions of the ap-
pealed criminal sentence. Definitive.

the 

Ongoing  procedure.  From 
to-
tal  receivables,  the  amount  of  RON 
3,255,350.39  represents  the  current  re-
ceivables,  for  which  a  payment  request 
was formulated which is the object of the 
file  2478/120/2021,  admitted  on  merits; 
the decission is final, the current receiv-
ables being recoverd.

On  the  merits,  the  court  admitted  the 
exception  of  inadmissibility.  The  solu-
tion  was  confirmed  in  the  appealed.  A 
recourse  was  filed  by  DEER,  definitively 
dismissed on 17 May 2022.

Claims  –  contractual  liability:  RON 
2,009,233

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice

Case  dismissed  on  merits.  Appeal  par-
tially  admitted  with  reference  to  retrial 
end 3 request. Recourse in course of set-
tlement.

Insolvency – registration at the list 
of creditors for the amount of RON 
26,283,220.67

Ploiesti Court of 
Appeal

The  court  admitted  the  request  to 
close  the  insolvency  procedure.  Defini-
tive.  Amount  fully  recovered.  Appeal  in 
course of settlement.

Claims – contractual liability – RON 
2,851,297.30

Covasna Court

In course of settlement.

Claims - the plaintiff requests mor-
al  damages  in  the  amount  of  EUR 
500,000  thousand  and  RON  370 
material  damages  as  a  result  of 
the  bodily  injury  by  electric  shock 
committed on 12 August 2020.

Bistrita Nasaud 
Tribunal

In course of settlement.

Claims – contractual liability – RON 
– 2,553,038.40.

Bucharest Tri-
bunal

In course of settlement.

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

.

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: Prutul 
SA
4798/121/2019**

Plaintiff: Verta Tel 
SRL
Defendant: DEER 
4106/3/2021

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: Getica 
95 SRL
1666/114/2021

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: AEM 
S.A.
1347/119/2021

Plaintiff: Rebrean 
Gheorghe 
Defendant: DEER
1635/112/2022

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: Electric 
Planners SRL
25660/3/2022

Source: Electrica

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Crt. 
no.

Parties/Case file 
number

Object

Court

Case status

Plaintiff: ELSA
Defendant: Roma-
nian Court of Ac-
counts

2268/2/2014*

Suspension  and  cancellation  of  the  ad-
ministrative  act:  Decision  no.  3/14  Jan-
uary 2014 and the Resolution no. 23/17 
March 2014.

High Court 
of Cassation 
and Justice

First court: the claim is partly admit-
ted,  partially  cancels  the  Resolution 
no.  23  of  17  March  2014  regarding 
the  items  1  and  5  and  the  Decision 
no.  3/14  January  2014  regarding 
the  items  4  and  8.  Dismisses,  as  un-
grounded  the  claim  regarding  items 
2, 3 and 4 in the Resolution no. 23/17 
March 2014 and items 5, 6 and 7 in the 
Decision  no  3/14  January  2014.  Re-
jects  the  request  to  suspend  the  ex-
ecution  of  Decision  no.  3/14  January 
2014,  as  unfounded.  ELSA  and  CCR 
filed  an  appeal,  both  being  admit-
ted.  The  court  partly  admits  ELSA’s 
request  and  sent  the  case  for  retrial 
to the first instance, regarding the an-
nulment of point 5 of the Decision no. 
23/17  March  2014,  related  to  point  8 
of the Decision no. 3/14 January 2014. 
Retrial  phase:  On  first  instance,  the 
court  rejected  the  plaintiff’s  request 
for annulment of point 5 of the Reso-
lution no. 23/17 March 2014, with cor-
respondent in point 8 of the Decision 
no.  3/14  January  2014  issued  by  the 
defendant. With appeal within 15 days 
from  its  communication.  ELSA  has 
appealed  the  case,  which  was  finally 
dismissed on 25 March 2022.

Partial annulment of Decision no. 12/27 
December  2016,  issued  by  the  director 
of  the  2nd  Direction  from  the  IVth  De-
partment of the Romanian Court of Ac-
counts, regarding the faults from point 1 
to 8, with the consequence of dismissing 
the actions from point 1, 3 to 9 inclusive, 
imposed to ELSA by the disputed Deci-
sion;  the  partial  annulment  of  the  con-
clusion  no.  12/27  February  2017  of  the 
Romanian  Court  of  Accounts,  rejecting 
the  objection  raised  by  ELSA  against 
Decision no. 12, regarding the faults and 
orders  mentioned  above.  In  subsidiary, 
the  extension  of  the  deadlines  for  car-
rying  out  all  the  measures  ordered  by 
ELSA  through  Decision  no.  12/27  De-
cember  2016  with  at  least  12  months; 
the  suspension  of  the  enforceability  of 
Decision  no.  12  until  final  settlement  of 
the present dispute.

Administrative  litigation  for  annulment 
of Decision no. 38/9 October 2018, the 
annulment  of  the  conclusion  by  which 
the appeal imposed by Decision no. 12/1 
of 27 December 2016 was dismissed, the 
revocation  of  the  Decision  no.  12/1  and 
the cessation of any CCR control act.

Bucharest 
Court of Ap-
peal

In course of settlement. 

High Court 
of Cassation 
and Justice

The  court  of  first  instance  dismissed 
the action as inadmissible. ELSA filed 
an appeal, finally dismissed on 26 May 
2022.

Litigations  with  the  Romanian  Court  of 
Accounts  for  the  annulment  of  the  ad-
ministrative act – Decision no. 11/27 Feb-
ruary 2017.

Bucharest 
Court of Ap-
peal

In course of settlement. 

Suspension and annulment of the mea-
sures  imposed  by  the  Decision  of  Pra-
hova  Court  of  Accounts  no.  45/2016, 
following the Control Report of the Pra-
hova Court of Accounts no. 6618/11 No-
vember 2016.

Prahova 
Court

Deliberation pending.

Plaintiff: ELSA
Defendant: Roma-
nian Court of Ac-
counts

2229/2/2017

Plaintiff: ELSA
Defendant: Roma-
nian Court of Ac-
counts

7780/2/2018

Plaintiff: EL SERV
Defendant: Roma-
nian Court of Ac-
counts

2098/2/2017

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: Roma-
nian Court of Ac-
counts 
Intervenient: SERV

1677/105/2017

1

2

3

4

5

Source: Electrica

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189

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Appendix 1 – Litigations 

A.1.1.5 Other litigations with significant impact

Crt.
no.

Parties/Case 
file number

Object

Court

Case status

Plaintiff: Nicules-
cu Vladimir
Defendant: 
DEER, City Hall 
Valenii de Munte

1580/105/2008**

Claim under Law no. 10/2001 – for a 
land  of  1,558  sqm  and  built  area  of 
202 sqm, located in Valenii de Munte, 
129,  N.  Iorga  street  and  being  used 
by the Exploitation Center Valeni.

Prahova Court 

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: Lo-
cal Council of 
Oradea City, 
RCS&RDS

3340/111/2015

Cancellation  of  Oradea  LCD  no. 
108/17  February  2014  regarding  the 
organization  of  the  public  auction 
for  the  concession  of  the  100,000 
sqm  land  area,  in  order  to  realize 
an  underground  sewerage  for  the 
placement of electronic and electri-
cal communications networks.

Bihor Court 

Plaintiff: Delalina 
S.R.L.
Defendant: 
DEER

910/111/2016

The obligation to issue technical per-
mit  for  connection  in  the  favour  of 
SC Delalina SRL.

Bihor Court 

Plaintiff: Carei 
City and others
Defendant: 
DEER

15600/211/2016*

Claims - it is requested to grant com-
pensation in the form of material and 
moral  damages,  caused,  by  inter-
rupting  the  supply  of  electricity  to 
the  consumers,  in  the  Carei  munici-
pality,  during  31  December  2014-02 
January 2015.

Cluj Special-
ized Court

In  first  instance,  the  plaintiff’s  action  was 
partly admitted, it is acknowledged the right 
to  reparative  measures  by  equivalent  for 
the  land  of  1,402  sqm  located  in  Valenii  de 
Munte,  129,  Boulevard.  Nicolae  Iorga  (cur-
rently no. 131), Prahova County.
The Plaintiff and Valenii de Munte Town Hall 
filed  an  appeal.  The  Plaintiff’s  appeal  was 
admitted  and  the  case  was  sent  for  retrial 
to  the  first  instance.  In  the  retrial,  the  first 
instance  court  admitted  the  right  of  the 
plaintiff  to  compensatory  measures  under 
the law regarding some measures  for  com-
pleting the restitution process of the build-
ings  taken  over  abusively,  for  the  land  with 
an area of 1,402 sqm. Definitive.

At  the  request  of  RCS-RDS,  the  case  was 
suspended  until  the  case  file  2414/2/2016 
was  settled  with  Delalina  SRL,  a  file  that  is 
in the role of the Bucharest Court of Appeal. 
The  file  no.  2414/2/2016  was  definitively 
solved on 22 March 2021, without a request 
for  reinstatement  being  formulated,  follow-
ing to be ascertained by the court the expi-
ration  of  the  request,  DEER  no  longer  hav-
ing an interest in supporting the request for 
summons. Lapse term 28 March 2023

The  case  file  was  suspended  until  the  set-
tlement  of  the  case  file  no.  2414/2/2016 
with  Delalina  SRL,  case  file  on  the  lawsuit 
of  the  Bucharest  Court  of  Appeal.  The  file 
2414/2/2016 was definitively resolved on 22 
March  2021,  without  being  formulated  by 
the  plaintiff  request  for  reinstatement,  rea-
son for which on 24 February 2022 the Satu 
Mare  Court  found  the  expiration  of  the  re-
quest for summons, the solution being final.

On  21  April  2021,  the  court  rejects  the  ac-
tion of a plaintiff as a result of admitting the 
exception of lack of capacity to use, rejects 
the  exception  of  lack  of  active  procedural 
quality  of  plaintiffs,  invoked  by  defendants, 
rejects the exception of lack of passive pro-
cedural  quality  of  defendant  DEER,  rejects 
the  exception  of  lack  of  procedural  quality 
liabilities of the defendant Electrica Furniza-
re SA and admits in part the action in con-
tradiction  with  the  defendant  ELECTRICA 
FURNIZARE SA. Dismisses as unfounded the 
request for formal proceedings by the appli-
cants in the preceding paragraph in contra-
diction  with  DEER.  Obliges  the  defendant 
ELECTRICA  FURNIZARE  S.A.,  to  pay  the 
moral  damages  in  favor  of  the  plaintiffs  in 
a differentiated way, in the amount of RON 
500 for some of the plaintiffs, RON 750 and 
RON  1,000  for  other  plaintiffs,  rejecting  at 
the same time the moral damages for other 
plaintiffs. Appeal filed by Electrica Furniza-
re. In appeal, the court rejects, as unfound-
ed, the main appeal declared by the appel-
lant  Electrica  Furnizare  SA  and  rejects,  as 
unfounded,  the  incidental  appeal  declared 
by  the  respondents  TN,  and  MC.  Recourse 
definitively  dismissed.  Definitely  settled  at 
20 January 2023

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Appendix 1 – Litigations 

Crt.
no.

Parties/Case 
file number

Object

Court

Case status

Plaintiff: Delalina 
S.R.L., Foto Dis-
tributie S.R.L.
Defendant: 
DEER, ANRE, 
Romanian Gov-
ernment, Minis-
try of Economy, 
Commerce and 
Relationships 
with the Busi-
ness Environ-
ment, Ministry 
of Energy, Banat 
Enel Distribution, 
Muntenia Enel 
Distribution, 
Dobrogea Enel 
Distribution

2414/2/2016

Plaintiff: Delalina 
S.R.L., Foto Dis-
tributie S.R.L.
Defendant: 
ANRE
Intervener: DEER

4013/2/2016

Cancellation  of  administrative  acts 
(Order  73/2014,  Concession  agree-
ments).

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice 

The  cancellation  of  the  ANRE  deci-
sion  on  refusal  to  give  licenses  for 
electricity distribution.

Court of Ap-
peal Bucharest

Plaintiff: ELSA  
Defendant: Baile 
Herculane City

4572/208/2018*

Claim for land Lot 1-NC 32024 (area 
of  259  sqm)  and  lot  2  NC  31944 
(with  a  surface  of  1,394  sqm),  both 
located  in  Baile  Herculane,  1,  Uzinei 
street and FC rectification.

Timisoara 
Court of Ap-
peal

5

6

7

First  court  has  rejected  the  exceptions  and 
the action filed by the plaintiffs, which have 
initiated  an  appeal;  On  22  March  2021,  the 
court ruled in favor of the company, stating 
that DEER’s (former SDTN) incident appeal 
was  invalid  and  rejected  as  unfounded  the 
main appeal filed by Foto Distributie SRL si 
Delalina SRL. The court rejected as unfound-
ed  the  appeals  filedby  E-Distributie  Munte-
nia  SA  (former  Enel  Distributie  Muntenia), 
E-Distributie  Banat  SA  (former  Enel  Dis-
tributie Banat) si E-Distributie Dobrogea SA 
(former Enel Distributie Dobrogea). Dismiss-
es, as unfounded, the cross - appeal brought 
by  the  appellant  -  defendant  Ministry  of 
Economy,  Entrepreneurship  and  Tourism 
(Ministry  of  Economy)  and  the  cross  -  ap-
peal filed by the Ministry of Energy against 
the same sentence. Final.

The file was suspended on 03 April 2017 un-
til the settlement of the file 2414/2/2016. The 
file 2414/2/2016 was definitively resolved on 
22 March 2021, without being formulated by 
the plaintiffs request for reinstatement, rea-
son for which on 30 March 2022 the Bucha-
rest Court of Appeal found the expiration of 
the  request  for  summons  in  judgment,  the 
solution being final.

The  first  court  admits  the  exception  of  the 
lack  of  active  procedural  quality  of  ELSA 
and dismisses the action. ELSA filed an ap-
peal, dismissed as unfounded. ELSA filled an 
appeal, admitted by court, which sends the 
case for retrial to Caras Severin Court. Retri-
al – the appeal was dismissed as unfounded. 
ELSA filed a recourse, definitively dismissed 
by the Court.

Plaintiff: E-Dis-
tributie Banat
Defendant: ELSA

8

12857/3/2019

(i)  ELSA’s  compliance  with  the  ob-
ligation  of  not  to  do  regarding  the 
share  capital  and  the  AoA  of  the 
EDB and the termination of abusive 
actions  consisting  of  the  requests 
addressed  to  the  ONRC  to  change 
the  structure  of  the  share  capital 
and the articles of association of the 
EDB  by  increasing  the  share  capital 
with the value of the land in the Cer-
tificates  of  attestation  of  the  prop-
erty right held by ELSA on the land 
used  by  EDB  in  order  to  carry  out 
the activity; (ii) Stating the fact that 
Electrica does not hold the quality of 
public  authority  involved  in  the  pri-
vatization process and, consequent-
ly,  acknowledging  the  absence  of 
the  right  of  ELSA  to  request  ONRC 
to modify the constitutive act of the 
EDB  by  increasing  the  share  capital 
with the value of the land owned by 
ELSA  based  on  CADP  on  the  used 
land from EDB; (iii) As against to the 
abusive  actions  taken  in  the  EDB’s 
opinion,  ELSA’s  obligation  to  pay 
the  damages  whose  existence  and 
amount will be proved by the dead-
line provided by law.

Bucharest 
Court of Ap-
peal

Case dismissed on merits; appeal definitive-
ly dismissed by the court.

9

Plaintiff: ELSA, 
SAPE
Defendant: 
E-Distributie 
Banat

949/39/2019

Action  for  the  annulment  of  Share-
holders  resolution  5/06  Decem-
ber  2018  (share  capital  increase  for 
SAPE).

Timisoara 
Court of Ap-
peal

Case  dismissed  on  merits;  an  appeal  was 
filed, in course of settlement.
At  this  case  was  connected  the  case  no. 
988/30/2019.

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Appendix 1 – Litigations 

Crt.
no.

Parties/Case 
file number

Object

Court

Case status

Bacau Court of 
Appeal

The  action  was  definitively  dismissed  on 
merits on 04 April 2022.

1.  obliging  the  defendant  to  leave 
us  in  full  ownership  and  posses-
sion  of  the  land  with  an  area  of 
3,389  sqm,  located  in  Targu  Neamt, 
2.  rectification  of  the  entries  from 
the  land  book  no.  55409  of  the 
City  of  Targu  Neamt,  in  the  sense 
of  elimination  of  the  inappropriate 
registrations  made  in  it,  in  order  to 
agree  the  tabular  status  with  the 
real  legal  situation  of  the  building, 
respectively  the  cancellation  of  the 
property  right  of  the  tabular  own-
er  Targu  Neamt  City  and  the  reg-
istration  of  the  property  right  of 
the  Energy  Company  Electrica  SA 
3.  Order  the  defendant  to  pay  the 
court costs.

1.obliging  the  defendant  to  leave  us 
in  full  ownership  and  possession  of 
the  land  in  the  area  of  10,524  sqm 
(from  documents  22,265  sqm), 
located 
in  Bicaz,  Neamt  county. 
2. rectification of the entries from the 
land book no. 52954 of Bicaz City, in 
the sense of elimination of inappro-
priate entries made in it, in order to 
agree on the tabular status with the 
real  legal  situation  of  the  building, 
respectively  the  cancellation  of  the 
property  right  of  the  tabular  own-
er  Bicaz  City  and  the  registration 
of  the  property  right  of  Societatea 
Energetice  Electrice  Electrica  S.A. 
3.  Order  the  defendant  to  pay  the 
court costs.

Bacau Court of 
Appeal

1.obliging  the  defendants  to  leave 
us  in  full  ownership  and  posses-
sion  of  the  land  surfaces  that  over-
lap with the land located in 1, Aleea 
street,  Videle,  Teleorman 
FRE 
county,  for  which  we  hold  CADP. 
2. the delimitation of the above-men-
tioned  properties,  by  establishing 
the  boundary 
line  according  to 
the  property  deeds  of  the  parties; 
3.  rectification  of  the  entries  in  the 
land  book  and  registration  of  the 
property  right  of  the  plaintiff  ELSA 
on this area of land

Videle Court

Appeal against Decision no. 1177 / 13 
November 2020 of the ANARC Pres-
ident.  It  was  requested  the  partial 
annulment  of  the  ANCOM  decision 
and  the  complete  rejection  of  the 
Telekom Romania request.

Bucharest 
Court of Ap-
peal

The  court  of  first  instance  partially  annuls 
the  Decision  of  the  Local  Council  of  Bicaz 
no.  94/25  August  2016,  respectively  re-
garding the surface of 10,524 sqm of urban 
land 3, Bicaz, Energiei street (former Plant), 
located  at  the  last  position  of  the  table  in 
the  Annex  to  HCL  no.  94/25  August  2016, 
following the admission of the exception of 
illegality,  invoked  by  the  plaintiff.  Dismisses 
the  action  brought  by  ELSA  as  unfounded. 
Admits in part the action in the rectification 
of  the  land  book.  It  orders  the  rectification 
of  the  Land  Book  no.  52954  of  the  City  of 
Bicaz,  regarding  the  land  with  an  area  of 
10,524  sqm,  located  in  Bicaz,  3,  Energiei 
street,  Neamt  County  (former  Uzinei),  in 
the  sense  of  deleting  the  property  right  of 
the  defendant  Bicaz  city,  as  a  result  of  the 
partial annulment of HCL no. 94/25 August 
2016,  regarding  this  land.  Rejects  as  un-
founded the applicant’s request to order the 
rectification of the Land Book no. 52954 of 
the City of Bicaz, regarding the land with an 
area of 10,524 sqm, located in Bicaz, 3, Ener-
giei street, Neamt County (former Uzinei), in 
the  sense  of  registering  the  ELSA  property 
right over the above mentioned land. ELSA 
filed an appeal, dismissed by the court. The 
decision  was  appealed,  the  recourse  being 
definitively dismissed on 09 January 2023.

Admits  in  part  the  request  for  summons 
and  consequently:  establishes  the  land  line 
boundary of the  plaintiff’s property  (ELSA) 
on  the  current  boundarylines,  outlined  on 
the situation plan related to the completion 
of the expert report, with the coordinates in-
dicated by the expert, land delimited points 
1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-
19-20-21-22-23. It orders the rectification of 
the land book no. 23176 by repositioning, in 
order  to  eliminate  any  virtual  overlap  be-
tween  the  land  belonging  to  the  plaintiff, 
with the boundary line as previously estab-
lished,  and  the  land  registered  in  this  land 
book.  Dismisses  the  action  as  unfounded. 
Appealable within 30 days from it’s commu-
nication. Definitively settled.

Action dismissed on the merits. With appeal 
within 15 days from communication.

Valenii  de  Munte  City  Hall  requests 
the  obligation  of  DEER  (Ploiesti)  to 
take over public lighting installations 
and to pay their equivalent value of 
RON 466,880.

Prahova Court

Action dismissed on the merits. With appeal 
within 15 days from communication.

Plaintiff: ELSA
Defendant: UAT 
Targu Neamt

10

122/321/2020

Plaintiff: ELSA
Defendant: UAT 
Bicaz

11

91/188/2020

12

13

14

Plaintiff: ELSA
Defendant: 
Videle City, 
through Mayor

948/335/2020

Plaintiff: DEER
Defendant: AN-
ARC (ANCOM) 
andTelekom Ro-
mania Communi-
cations SA
7407/2/2020

Plaintiff: Valenii 
de Munte City 
Hall
Defendant: 
DEER
2848/105/2020

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Appendix 1 – Litigations 

Crt.
no.

15 

Parties/Case 
file number
Plaintiff : ELSA 
and the subsid-
iaries
Defendant: 
Romanian 
Government       
3781/2/2020

Object

Court

Case status

Annulment  of  administrative  act: 
Government  Decision  1041/2003  on 
some  measures  to  regulate  the  fa-
cilities  granted  to  pensioners  in  the 
electricity sector.

High Court of 
Cassation and 
Justice

Case dismissed on merits; it was filed an ap-
peal, admitted by the court on 27 June 2022. 
The  court  annuls  the  Government  Decision 
no.  1041/2003  on  some  measures  to  regu-
late  the  facilities  granted  to  pensioners  in 
the electricity sector. Final.

16

Plaintiff: Grup 4 
Instalatii
 Defen-
dant: DEER      
375/1285/2021

17

Plaintiff: ELSA
Defendant: Kau-
fland Romania 
SCS, Deva City, 
through the 
Mayor and Deva 
City Council 
156/221/2021

The  obligation  of  DEER  to  recog-
nize,  to  respect  the  property  right 
of  G4Installatii  regarding  the  build-
ings located in Cluj Napoca, 28A, Ilie 
Macelaru  Street  and  2,  Uzinei  Elec-
trice  Street,  registered  in  land  book 
297841 Cluj Napoca with no. 297841, 
consisting  of  land  with  an  area  of 
10720  sqm  and  constructions:  con-
struction  registered  in  land  book 
with  no.  297841-C1,  construction  of 
administrative headquarters with an 
area of 1560 sqm; body A, construc-
tion no. 297841- C2 - 512 sqm, build-
ing  B,  construction  no.  297841  -  C3 
-  171  sqm,  building  C,  construction 
no. 297841 - C4 - 338 sqm, building 
D, construction no. 297841-C6 - 348 
sqm - 110/10 Kw Transformation Sta-
tion. It is requested the handing over 
of  the  above  buildings  and  the  rec-
tification  of  the  land  book  registra-
tions in the sense of: the annulment 
of  the  tabulation  conclusions  by 
which  the  DEER  property  right  was 
registered,  the  deregistration  of  the 
land  book  property  right,  the  regis-
tration of the property right in favor 
of G4I.

1. obliging the defendants to leave us 
in  full  ownership  and  possession  of 
the  land  surfaces  that  overlap  with 
the  ELSA  land  located  in  Deva  mu-
nicipality, 1, Dorobanti street, Huned-
oara county, as follows: (a) Kaufland 
Romania SCS - land areas of 15 sqm 
and  50  sqm  (part  of  the  Kaufland 
Deva  parking  lot),  identified  by  IE 
68452,  which  overlap  to  the  N-W 
with  the  land  owned  by  Electrica; 
(b)  Deva  Municipality,  through  the 
Mayor and the Local Council of Deva 
Municipality  -  land  areas:  (i)  2  sqm 
(part  of  the  “Playground  for  chil-
dren”),  identified  by  IE  71851,  which 
overlaps  to  the  NE  with  the  land  in 
the ownership of Electrica and (ii) of 
23 sqm (part of “Calea Zarandului”), 
identified  by  IE  75973,  which  over-
laps to the SW with the land owned 
by  Electrica;  2.  the  delimitation  of 
the  above-mentioned  properties, 
by  establishing  the  boundary  line 
according  to  the  property  deeds  of 
the parties; 3. rectification of the en-
tries in the land book regarding the 
above-mentioned  land  areas,  in  the 
sense  of  eliminating  the  inappropri-
ate entries made, in order to recon-
cile  the  tabular  status  with  the  real 
legal situation of the real estate, re-
spectively of the cancellation of the 
property  right  tabular  owners  and 
the registration of the property right 
of  the  applicant  ELSA  over  these 
land areas.

Cluj Tribunal 

The  court  admits  the  exception  of  the  ma-
terial  incompetence  of  the  Cluj  Specialized 
Tribunal, an exception invoked ex officio and 
consequently  declines  the  competence  to 
resolve the request for summons in favor of 
the  Cluj  Tribunal-Civil  Section.  Case  admit-
ted in part. Appealable within 30 days from 
it’s communication.

Hunedoara Tri-
bunal

Action  admitted  in  part.  ELSA  filed  an  ap-
peal, debating pending on the lack of mate-
rial competence of the court.

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Appendix 1 – Litigations 

Crt.
no.

Parties/Case 
file number

Object

Court

Case status

18

Plaintiff: ELSA
Defendant: UAT 
Chisineu Cris
2143/210/2020

Plaintiff: Alexan-
dra Borislavschi
Defendant: ELSA

19

ARB - 5670

1.  obliging  the  defendant  to  leave 
us  in  full  ownership  and  posses-
sion of the land with an area of 529 
sqm  identified  with  Cadastral  no. 
306526, registered in the land book 
no.  306526  Of  Chisineu  Cris,  Coun-
ty  Arad,  located  in  Chisineu  Cris, 
63,  Infratirii  street,  Arad  county,  as 
well  as  the  land  with  an  area  of  121 
sqm,  identified  with  Cadastral  no. 
306527,  registered  in  the  lank  booj 
no. 306527 of Chisineu Cris, County 
Arad, located in Chisineu Cris, 63, In-
fratirii street, Arad County.
2.  rectification  of  the  entries  in  the 
land books no. 306526 and 306527 
of  the  City  of  Chisinau  Cris,  in  the 
sense  of  eliminating  the  inappropri-
ate  entries  made,  in  order  to  rec-
oncile  the  tabular  status  with  the 
real  legal  situation  of  the  buildings, 
respectively  the  cancellation  of  the 
property  right  of  the  tabular  owner 
Chisinau Cris City and registration of 
the property right of ELSA 3. Order 
the defendant to pay the costs.

1.Obligation of the defendant to pay 
to  the  plaintiff  the  amount  of  RON 
166,738,  representing  the  percent-
age  of  55%  of  the  OAVT  package, 
in accordance with the provisions of 
Annex 3 to the mandate contract no. 
42/10  August  2015.  2.  Obligation  of 
the defendant to pay to the plaintiff 
damages  for  non-execution  of  the 
obligation to pay the percentage of 
55%  of  the  OAVT  package.  3.  Obli-
gation  of  the  defendant  to  pay  the 
amount of RON 11,973, representing 
the annual variable remuneration for 
2018. 4. Obligation of the defendant 
to  pay  the  amount  of  RON  24,756, 
representing  the  annual  variable  re-
muneration  related  to  2019.  5.  Up-
dating  the  amounts  provided  in  the 
preceding 
items,  with  penalizing 
legal  interest.  The  asked  damages 
should  be  calculated  as  the  legal 
penalty interest plus 8% payable per 
each  day  of  delay  as  of  the  date  of 
the registration of the claim until the 
payment of the 55% of OAVT pack-
age by the defendant. 6. Obligation 
of the defendant to pay the expens-
es  incurred  by  the  request  for  arbi-
tration.

Timisoara 
Court of Ap-
peal

Case  dismissed  on  merits  and  in  appeal.  It 
was  filed  a  recourse,  definitively  dismissed 
by the court.

Vienna Inter-
national Arbi-
tral Centre

Solved by transaction, on 07 February 2022

20

Creditor: Euroto-
tal Comp SRL
Debtor: DEER    
1221/1285/2022

Source: Electrica

Insolvency – RON 1,255,000

Cluj Court of 
Appeal

The amount has been entirely paid on 3 Jan-
uary 2023 and the creditor waived the trail 
of  the  insolvency  request,  subsequently  fil-
ing  a  recourse.  Term  for  recourse:  11  April 
2023.

Appendix 2 – Details of the main investments of Electrica Group during 2022 

Appendix 2 – Details of the main 
investments of Electrica Group 
during 2022

In 2022 the most significant investments of Electrica Group are the following:

DESCRIPTION

Value
 (RON mn)

MUNTENIA NORD
Modernization and SCADA integration of the 110/20/6 kV Buzau Est substation
Modernization of 20kV OHL by replacement of insulation and conductors (20kV OHL Urleasca 
- SR Ramnicelu, 20kV OHL Lacu Sarat - SRPD 1-4, 20kV OHL Romanu - T. Vladimirescu and 20 
kV OHL Gropeni - Tichilesti)
Modernization of distribution network in Zidari neighbourhood, Rm. Sarat, locality, Buzau 
County
Integration of “industrial & commercial consumers” from SDEE MN area in automatic meter 
reading systems 

Modernization of distribution network in Foltesti locality, PTA 7054 CAP, PTA 7052 no. 6, PTA 
7051 VA, PTA 7055 Moara and PTA 7056 CFR area, Galati County

Voltage level improvement for consumers in Dambovita County, commune Odobesti, Ziduri, 
Crovu, Brancoveanu, Miulesti localities.
20 kV OHL modernization by replacing 20 kV OHL insulation and conductors Faurei-Faurei, 
Braila County
Modernization of Substation 20/6kV Grup Scolar Sinaia
Modernization of distribution network in the area of PTA 0343 Pogonele and PTA 0108 
Pogonele locality, Buzau County
Modernization of 0.4kV OHL and consumer connections from Movila Miresii locality
Installation and/or modernization of security access systems consisting of: anti-intrusion, 
access control systems and closed-circuit television, at the units within SR Ploiesti, 16 
objectives
Voltage level improvement for consumers supplied from LV OHL in Valeni locality, Dambovita 
County
Creating the coexistence conditions with the existing electrical networks, requested for 
obtaining the location permit for the Galati ring road, between Brailei street (DN25) and Calea 
Prutului Street (E87), Galati municipality
Increasing the power supply reliability of consumers supplied from OHL 20 KV Plopu – loop 
between OHL 20 KV Plopu and OHL 20 KV Pleasa 2, Prahova County
Voltage level improvement, commune Tartasesti, localities Baldana, Tartasesti, Gulia, 
Dambovita County
Modernization of the heating installation in administrative headquarters with the dispatching 
office of SR Buzau
Voltage level improvement for consumers in commune Contesti - villages Contesti, Savesti, 
Crangasi, Mereni, Calugareni, Boteni
Modernization of electricity distribution network and connections in Sihlea locality, Vrancea 
 county
Modernization of electricity distribution network in Jorasti locality, Vanatori commune 
Vrancea county
Voltage level improvement PTA 5008 CIA, PTA 5184 IRE, PTZ 5136 CTA, in Gaesti locality, DN 
7 area, Dambovita County
Modernization and integration in SCADA of the 110/MV Zatna substation, Braila County

6.89

4.64

4.30

4.07

3.42

3.24

2.83

2.56
2.46

2.28
2.07

2.04

1.95

1.85

1.79

1.76

1.63

1.57

1.52

1.45

1.41

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Appendix 2 – Details of the main investments of Electrica Group during 2022 

Appendix 2 – Details of the main investments of Electrica Group during 2022 

DESCRIPTION

Value
 (RON mn)

DESCRIPTION

Value
 (RON mn)

Installation of security, access control, video surveillance, fire detection and signaling systems 
for 12 facilities: COR MT JT Valeni headquarters; 20kV Mihai Bravu substation + COR MT JT 
Ploiesti; PE Mizil; 20kV Sinaia + PE Sinaia substation; 20kV Slanic + PE Slanic substation; PE 
Boldesti; 110kV Floresti substation (system update) + PL Floresti + Floresti Central Warehouse; 
110kV Tatarani substation (system update) + PL Tatarani; 110kV Urlati + PL Urlati substation; 
Baltesti 110kV substation (system update); 110kV East Ploiesti substation (system update); 
connection pole of 110kV Crang substation; Route of connection cable channel to Movila Vulpii 
substation
Modernization of 110 kV substations: Filesti, SNG, Tecuci, Ionasesti, replacing 4 pcs. 110/6 kV 
power transformers 
Voltage level improvement for users in Racari, PT 6156, 6061, 6060,6129,6222,6062, area 
Dambovita County 
Upgrade and integration in SCADA of secondary circuits related to substations within DEER 
SA - SDEE Galati - 13 substations
Installation of security, access control, video surveillance, fire detection and signaling systems 
for 8 facilities in SROR Galati: COR MV LV Mun. /Ext. Galati; COR MVLV Tecuci; PL Pechea; PL 
Tg. Bujor; Wearhouse 03GL; Abator 110/20 kv substation and Antrepozit 20/6 kV connection 
Station, Bujoru 110/20 kV substation; Foltesti 110/20/6kV substation
Modernization of LV distribution network in Matca locality, Galati County, area of PTA 4207 
Matca 2 si PTA 4206 Matca, stage 1
Voltage level improvement in localities: Odaia Turcului, Cretulesti, Poroinica, Putul cu Salcie, 
Salcioara, from Matasaru commune, Dambovita County
Increasing the power supply reliability of consumers supplied from 20 KV OHL Plavia, 
Iordacheanu feeder and 20 kV OHL Mizil, Fantanele feeder
SOC (Security Operations Center) implementation and standardization of Security 
Technologies used (SOC DEER)
Modernization of distribution network and connections in Podul Lacului locality, Poiana Cristei 
commune, Vrancea County
Installation of security, access control, video surveillance, fire detection and signaling systems 
for 8 facilities in 3 sites SROR Braila: Operational distribution Center MV/LV Braila Exterior-
Working Point Insuratei; 110/20 kv Faurei Substation; 110/20 kv Romanu Substation
Modernization of 110 kV substations: Km 221- replacement of 110/6kV power transformer 
(Trafo 2), Spiru Haret- replacement of 110/6kV power transformer (Trafo 3), SRPA 1A Lacu 
Rezii- replacement of 110/6kV power transformer (Trafo 2)
Modernization of distribution network and voltage improvement in PTA 5447 nr 1 si PTA 5449 
area, Cismele locality, Smardan commune 
Modernization of UGC 20KV Focsani
Modernization of Energy Meter Box of residential buildings supplied from PTZ 0078 - PTZ 
0106, Milcovului street, Campina City, Prahova County
Voltage level improvement in Salciile village, Prahova County
TRANSILVANIA SUD
Modernization of LV network commune Apoldu de Jos, Sibiu County
Modernization of LV OHL and connections in Hodac locality, Mures County
MV network decentralization in Vladeni, Principala street (PT 8 CFR Vladeni - in consumer 
management) and connections modernization, systematization and securing in Vladeni 
locality, Brasov County
Voltage level improvement and modernization of LV OHL and connections in Deda locality, 
Mures County
Security of supply and voltage level improving of 20 kV network in Regin, Mures County 
Modernization of 0.4 kV OHL Blaj, on streets: Eroilor (partially), Fabricii, Locomotivei, 
Fochistilor, Ceferistilor, Dr. V. Suciu, I.M. Klein, Gh. Sincai and A. Muresanu, Blaj municipality, 
Alba County- stages 1,2 and 4
Modernization of OHL 20 kV Baita locality, Alba County - Stage 1
Decentralization of the MV network in the area “Pompe Apa”, switchover to 20 kV of the MV 
network, Sanpetru locality, Brasov County
Voltage level improvement and modernization of LV OHL in Saulia de Campie, Mures County
Spare supply for 20 kV busbars construction- Sanpaul substation, Mures County
Modernization of 20 kV distribution network Sovata – Oras2, Sovata locality, Mures County
Voltage level improvement and connections securing in Vatava locality, Mures County

1.37

1.36

1.34

1.19

1.20 

1.17

1.16

1.08

1.08

1.07

1.05

1.05

1.04

1.03

1.03

1.00

5.36
3.45

2.09

1.69

1.78

1.90

1.66
3.89

1.62
2.73
1.48
1.25

Voltage level improvements in PTA 9 Harman area, Domnitorilor neighborhood, Brasov 
County
Decentralization of MV OHL, conductors’ replacement for LV OHL, modernization of 
connections, Daisoara locality, Brasov County
Integration of CEM 110 kV Mures substations in the SCADA DMS system of S.C. FDEE Electrica 
Distributie Transilvania Sud S.A.
Increasing the capacity of 20 kV distribution network, Drumul Poienii-Schei area, Brasov city
Modernization of 0.4 kV distribution network in Dumbraveni locality, Sibiu County
Modernization of 20kV UGC in Brasov City, streets: Ioan Eliade Radulescu, Dimitrie Anghel, 
Abatorului, Grigore Ureche, Nicolae Pop, Independentei
Voltage level improvement and LV OHL modernization in Bucerdea Granoasa, Alba County
Upgrade of SCADA DMS DEER System - UOR Transilvania Sud
Voltage level improvement and 0.4 kV OHL modernization in Salciua de Jos village, Alba 
County
Site Clearance works for the achievement of the objective - Reducing carbon emissions in the 
City of Cugir, based on the sustainable urban mobility plan, Alba County - City Hall of the City 
of Cugir
Works to increase the network capacity, upstream of the connection point in the Stupini 
station (for the Milk Processing Factory), Brasov County
Modernization of 20kV distribution network in the area of 110/20 kV Barabant substation, 
Alba Iulia Municipality, Alba County
Increasing the power supply reliability of 20kV network in Triaj neighbourhood, Sanpetreu 
commune and voltage level increasing in area Oneves, Brasov County
Modernization of 0.4 kV OHL in central area of Reghin City, PT 14, 55/15, 71, 65 area, Mures 
County
Modernization of 0.4 kV distribution network and connection on streets Budiului, Bega, 
Mestecanisului, Tg. Mures city, Mures County
The integration of the reclosers from SROR Mures, Mures county, into the existing remote-
control system of SDEE TS 
Voltage level improvement in OHL Ojdula, Covasna County
Modernization of UGC 20 kV (Zizin Substation– PT 53.27.02 Cosmos, UGC 20 kV PT 53.27.02 
Cosmos-PT 53.27.05; UGC 20 kV st. Zizin - PT 53.25.01 Orizont 3000 – UGC 20 kV PT 53.25.01 
Orizont 3000-PT 53.25.02; UGC 20 kV PT 53.25.18-PT 53.25.03), related to Minerva, Neptun, 
Apollo, Saturn, Calea Bucuresti, Zorilor, Ciprian Porumbescu, Muncitorilor streets, Brasov 
Municipality, Brasov County
Modernization of 0.4 kV network and connections in the area Piata Onesti and Str. Mioritei, 
Targu Mures Municipality, Mures County
Modernization of urban networks (changing 0.4KV OHL to UGC) on streets: 1 Decembrie, 
Puskas Tivadar, Ciucului, jud. Covasna Sf Gheorghe Municipality, Covasna County
Voltage level improvement and modernization of 0.4 kV OHL and connections in Valea Barni 
and Barbesti, Alba County
Modernization of 0.4 kV distribution network in Alma Vii village, Mosna commune, Sibiu 
County
Modernization of 0.4 kV distribution network, Barghis commune, Sibiu County
Voltage level improvement and modernization of 20kV and 0.4 kV OHL and connections in 
Sangiorgiu de Mures and Cotus localities, Mures County, Volume I - Cotus and Tofalau villages
TRANSILVANIA NORD
Modernization of LV OHL and connections in Rus locality, PTA1 and PTA2 area, Maramures 
County
Switchover to 20 kV of substations PA 1, PA 2 and PA 6 Baia Mare 
Modernization of SCADA communication remote-controlled equipment Baia Mare Branch
Modernization of low voltage OHL and connections in the area PT 1, PT 2, PT 3, PT 4, PT 6 
Berinta, Maramures County
Modernization of 20 kV OHL Alesd-Fasca

Power injection in the South and West areas of Biharia locality, Bihor County

Increasing the power supply reliability in area Paleu, Bihor County
Modernization of LV OHL Tulca
Modernization of LV OHL and power injection in Cubulcut locality, Bihor County

1.50

1.88

1.27

3.57
3.06

2.87

2.83
2.82

2.11

2.08

1.93

1.76

1.70

1.64

1.54

1.47

1.46

1.37

1.26

1.17

1.10

1.01

1.00

1.00

1.02

2.87
1.02

1.82

1.98

1.68

1.52
1.60
1.28

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2

T
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P
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A
U
N
N
A

196

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2
2
0
2

T
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N
N
A

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Appendix 2 – Details of the main investments of Electrica Group during 2022 

Appendix 2 – Details of the main investments of Electrica Group during 2022 

DESCRIPTION

Modernization of low voltage networks in Baia Mare municipality, historical centre, stage 2
Modernization of 20 kV OHL Leordina, Volume 1
Modernization of the Sarmasag 110/20 KV substation
Modernization of MV OHL Juc Geaca between R Gadalin and R Geaca
Increasing the power supply reliability in Floresti, Cluj County, vol. 5, Modernization of Abator 
Fider and construction of Cimitir and Polygon Fiders
Increasing the power supply reliability in Floresti locality, Cluj County- Vol.6 Modernization of 
Iazuri Fiders
Systematization of 20 KV UGC D1, D2, D3 exit from Gherla Substation and increasing the 
reliability of consumers supply by mounting a new secondary substation PTAB, Gradinarilor 
street, Gherla locality, Cluj County
Systematization of feeders exit from 110/20/10 KV Campului Substation and modernization of 
feeders Manastur 9, Manastur 10 and UAC Manastur neighborhood, Cluj-Napoca Municipality, 
Cluj County
PTA relocation and 0.4 kV OHL modernization including connections in the Valea Calda PTA 
area, loc. Valea Calda, Cluj County
Modernization and relocation of PTA Negrilesti, PTA Negrilesti 2, PTA Negrilesti 3 and 
modernization of LV OHL and connections in these area, Negrilesti locality
Increasing the power supply reliability, modernization of 20 kV and 0.4 kV UGC in Fabricii 
Zalau street area and energy quality improving for consumers supplied from PT Mase Plastice
Extension of public distribution network in Poienile de sub Munte locality, Cornatea area, 
Maramures County
Extension of public distribution network in Grosii Tiblesului locality, Valea Tiblesului (Bradului) 
area, Maramures County
Development of Intelligent Measurement Systems SMI Cluj - stage 2 Gherla 2022
Intelligent Measurement System 2021 DEER Cluj-rural regional structure

Value
 (RON mn)
1.58
1.15
3.90
2.14

1.71

1.28

1.66

1.14

1.00

1.02

1.19

1.42

1.05

1.96
2.64

During 2022, the largest transfers from tangible assets in progress to tangible assets, representing 
mainly commissioning of investments, are the following:

DESCRIPTION

Value
(RON mn)

MUNTENIA NORD
Modernization and integration in SCADA of the 110/20/6 kV Buzau Est substation
Modernization of 20kV OHL by replacement of insulation and conductors (20kV OHL Urleasca 
- SR Ramnicelu, 20kV OHL Lacu Sarat - SRPD 1-4, 20kV OHL Romanu - T. Vladimirescu and 20 
kV OHL Gropeni - Tichilesti)
Voltage level improvement for consumers supplied from LV OHL in Valeni locality, Dambovita 
County
Modernization of distribution network in the area of PTA 7054 CAP, PTA 7052 no. 6, PTA 7051 
VA, PTA 7055 Moara and PTA 7056 CFR, Foltesti locality, Galati County
Modernization of distribution network in the area of Zidari neighbourhood, Rm. Sarat, locality, 
Buzau County
Modernization of 20 kV OHL Faurei - Faurei by replacing insulation and conductors, Braila 
County
Installation and/or modernization of security access systems consisting of anti-intrusion, 
access control systems and closed-circuit television, for 16 objectives within SR Ploiesti
Modernization of 0.4kV OHL and consumer connections from Movila Miresii locality
Modernization of distribution network in the area of PTA 0343 Pogonele and PTA 0108 
Pogonele locality, Buzau County
Modernization of electricity distribution network in Jorasti locality, Vanatori commune Vrancea 
county
Voltage level improvement for consumers in commune Contesti - villages Contesti, Savesti, 
Crangasi, Mereni, Calugareni, Boteni
Modernization of the heating installation in the administrative headquarters with dispatching 
office of SR Buzau
Installation and/or modernization of security systems consisting of: anti-burglary, access 
control and closed-circuit television, at units within SR Braila - 17 objectives
Increasing the power supply reliability of consumers supplied from 20 KV OHL Plopu – loop 
between 20 KV OHL Plopu and 20 KV OHL Pleasa 2, Prahova County

7.24

4.31

3.93

3.67

3.51

2.20

2.10

2.07

2.07

1.93

1.85

1.79

1.68

1.59

DESCRIPTION

Value
(RON mn)

Installation of security, access control, video surveillance, fire detection and signaling systems 
for 12 facilities: COR MT JT Valeni headquarters; 20kV Mihai Bravu substation + COR MT JT 
Ploiesti; PE Mizil; 20kV Sinaia + PE Sinaia substation; 20kV Slanic + PE Slanic substation; PE 
Boldesti; 110kV Floresti substation (system update) + PL Floresti + Floresti Central Warehouse; 
110kV Tatarani substation (system update) + PL Tatarani; 110kV Urlati + PL Urlati substation; 
Baltesti 110kV substation (system update); 110kV East Ploiesti substation (system update); 
connection pole of 110kV Crang substation; Route of connection cable channel to Movila Vulpii 
substation
Modernization of electricity distribution network and connections in Sihlea locality, Vrancea 
county 
Voltage level improvement, Dambovita County, commune Tartasesti, localities Baldana, 
Tartasesti, Gulia 
Upgrade and integration in SCADA of secondary circuits related to substations within DEER SA 
- SDEE Galati - 13 substations
Modernization of distribution network and connections Podul Lacului Locality, Poiana Cristei 
commune, Vrancea County
Modernization of Substation 20/6kV Grup Scolar Sinaia
Modernization of Energy Meter Boxes in residential buildings, supplied from PTZ 0078 - PTZ 
0106 Milcovului street, Campina City, Prahova County
Voltage level improvement Dragodana commune, Dragodana, Straosti, Burduca, Cuparu 
localities, Dambovita County
Installation of security, access control, video surveillance, fire detection and signaling systems 
for 8 facilities in SROR Galati: COR MV LV Mun. /Ext. Galati; COR MVLV Tecuci; PL Pechea; PL 
Tg. Bujor; Wearhouse 03GL; Abator 110/20 kV substation and Antrepozit 20/6 kV connection 
Station, Bujoru 110/20 kV substation; Foltesti 110/20/6kV substation
SOC (Security Operations Center) implementation and standardization of Security 
Technologies used (SOC DEER)
Integration of “industrial & commercial consumers” from MN area in automatic meter reading 
systems AMR
TRANSILVANIA SUD
Voltage level improvement and modernization of LV OHL and connections in Deda locality, 
Mures County
Decentralization of the MV network in the area “Pompe Apa”, switchover to 20 kV of the MV 
network, Sanpetru locality, Brasov County
Modernization of the 0.4 kV network, Hipodrom 1, 2, 3 area, Sibiu municipality, Sibiu County
Reconstruction, modernization of PA Textila Prejmer, Brasov County
MV network decentralization in Vladeni, Principala street (PT 8 CFR Vladeni - in consumer 
management) and connections modernization, systematization and securing in Vladeni locality, 
Brasov County
Modernization of 0.4 kV OHL and connections PT 1 Vidacut, Odorheiu Secuiesc, PL Cristuru 
Secuiesc localities, Harghita County
Integration of CEM 110 kV Mures substations in the SCADA DMS system of S.C. FDEE Electrica 
Distributie Transilvania Sud S.A.
Modernization of LV network in Apoldu de Jos commune, Sibiu County
Increasing the capacity of 20 kV distribution network, Drumul Poienii-Schei area, Brasov city
Modernization of 20kV UGC in Brasov City, streets: Ioan Eliade Radulescu, Dimitrie Anghel, 
Abatorului, Grigore Ureche, Nicolae Pop, Independentei
Voltage level improvement and LV OHL modernization in Bucerdea Granoasa, Alba County
Voltage level improvement and 0.4 kV OHL modernization in Salciua de Jos village, Alba 
County
Modernization of 0.4 kV OHL Blaj, on streets: Eroilor (partially), Fabricii, Locomotivei, 
Fochistilor, Ceferistilor, Dr. V. Suciu, I.M. Klein, Gh. Sincai and A. Muresanu, Blaj municipality, 
Alba County- stages 1,2 and 4
Modernization of 0.4 kV distribution network in Dumbraveni locality, Sibiu County
Power supply of residential buildings in Sibiu city, Calea Surii Mici Street, Sibiu County; estate 
developer SC Solid Investment S.R.L.
Modernization of 0.4 kV distribution network, Buzd village, Brateiu commune, Sibiu County
Increasing the power supply reliability of 20kV network in Triaj neighbourhood, Sanpetreu 
commune and voltage level increasing in Oneves area, Brasov County

1.46

1.40

1.37

1.20

1.20

1.19

1.15

1.13

1.08

1.08

1.60

1.73

4.03

4.22
0.98

1.5

0.66

1.63

6.10
3.56

3.02

2.70

2.04

1.91

1.89

1.82

1.82

1.79

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Appendix 2 – Details of the main investments of Electrica Group during 2022 

Appendix 2 – Details of the main investments of Electrica Group during 2022 

DESCRIPTION

Value
(RON mn)

DESCRIPTION

Value
(RON mn)

Modernization of 20kV distribution network in the area of 110/20 kV Barabant substation, Alba 
Iulia Municipality, Alba County
Power supply reliability increasing the and voltage level improvement of 20 kV distribution 
network in Reghin, Mures county
Site clearance to achieve the objective - Reducing carbon emissions in the City of Cugir, based 
on the sustainable urban mobility plan, Alba County - City Council of Cugir City
Works to increase the network capacity upstream of the connection point in the Stupini station 
(for the Milk Processing Factory), Brasov County
Modernization of OHL 20 kV loc. Baita, Alba County - Stage 1
Voltage level improvement and modernization of LV OHL in Saulia de Campie, Mures county
20 kV network modernization Sovata – Oras2, Sovata locality, Mures County
Modernization of 0.4 kV distribution network and connection on streets Budiului, Bega, 
Mestecanisului, Tg. Mures city, Mures County
Modernization of 0.4 kV OHL in central area of Reghin City, PT 14, 55/15, 71, 65 area, Mures 
County
Replacement of 20 kV capacitor bank in 110/20 kV Ludus substation, Mures County
Modernization of UGC 20 kV (Zizin substation– PT 53.27.02 Cosmos, UGC 20 kV PT 53.27.02 
Cosmos-PT 53.27.05; UGC 20 kV st. Zizin - PT 53.25.01 Orizont 3000 – UGC 20 kV PT 53.25.01 
Orizont 3000-PT 53.25.02; UGC 20 kV PT 53.25.18-PT 53.25.03), related to Minerva, Neptun, 
Apollo, Saturn, Calea Bucuresti, Zorilor, Ciprian Porumbescu, Muncitorilor streets, Brasov 
Municipality, Brasov County
Voltage level improvement in OHL Ojdula, Covasna County
Modernization of 0.4 kV network and connections in the area Piata Onesti and Str. Mioritei, 
Targu Mures Municipality, Mures County
Modernization of urban networks (changing 0.4KV OHL to UGC) on streets: 1 Decembrie, 
Puskas Tivadar, Ciucului, jud. Covasna Sf Gheorghe Municipality, Covasna County
Modernization of LV OHL and connections in Hodac locality, Mures county
Voltage level improvement and connections securing in Vatava locality, jud. Mures
Voltage level improvement and modernization of 0.4 kV OHL and connections in Valea Barni 
and Barbesti, Alba County
Modernization of 0.4 kV distribution network in Alma Vii village, Mosna commune, Sibiu 
County
TRANSILVANIA NORD
Construction of MV UGC to increase energy supply security for consumers supplied from 110/6 
kV CET 1 substation - SDG 6 kV, Oradea Municipality, Bihor County
Integrated security, monitoring and intervention system for substations within SDEE TN area
Modernization of 110/20/6 kV Prundu Bargaului substation
Modernization of low voltage OHL and connections in the area PT 1, PT 2, PT 3, PT 4, PT 6 
Berinta, Maramures County
Modernization of the 110/20 kV Nistru substation
Modernization of 110kV SM2 substation and construction of 20 kV busbar
Intelligent Measurement System 2021 DEER Cluj-rural regional structure
Development of Intelligent Measurement Systems SMI Cluj - stage 2 Gherla 2022
Development of Intelligent Measurement Systems SMI Cluj – Dej vol.2A
Systematization of 20 KV UGC D1, D2, D3 exits from Gherla Substation and supply quality 
improvement for consumers by mounting a new secondary substation PTAB, Gradinarilor 
street, Gherla locality, Cluj County
Network decentralization and power injection in Spicului street, Cluj Napoca municipality, Cluj 
County
Modernization of MV OHL Juc Geaca between R Gadalin and R Geaca
Modernization of pole mounted substations, SDEETN – Cluj napoca Branch, Cluj County, 
Volume 2
Modernization of the Sarmasag 110/20 KV substation
Modernization of switching equipment related to MV OHL for the Cluj-Napoca Electric Energy 
Distribution Branch, Cluj County
Network decentralization and power injection in Feleacu commune, Sub Coman area

1.79

1.78

1.77

1.77

1.70
1.69
1.68

1.64

1.64

1.56

1.48

1.46

1.41

1.34

1.34
1.26

1.18

1.02

3.33

3.13
3.11

2.65

2.60
2.56
4.16
2.07
1.33

2.30

2.46

2.20

1.95

1.65

2.78

1.11

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A

200

Modernization of MV UGC in order to increase reliability of power supply: Iosia-PTZ Wagner 
Station; PTAb Protectia Mediului-PTZ 24 ZV; PTAb Colinelor 2-PTAb Gh.Doja 2-PTAb Gh.Pop 
de Basesti-STE I
Modernizaton of 20 KV OHL Beius - Budureasa
Modernization of 20 kV OHL Palota - Cheresig
Construction of MV UGC to increase the quality of electricity supply in the Bratca-Valea 
Crisului area
Modernization of MV UGC in Central area and Iosia area, Oradea Municipality
Increasing the power supply reliability in area Paleu, Bihor County
Systematization of feeders exits from 110/20/10 KV Campului Substation and modernization of 
feeders Manastur 9, Manastur 10 and UAC Manastur neighborhood, Cluj-Napoca Municipality, 
Cluj County
Power injection in 0.4 kV OHL PTA2 Rachitele towards Agastau, from Rachitele locality, Cluj 
County
Switching over 20 kV voltage of PA 1, PA 2 and PA 6 Baia Mare substations 
Extension of public distribution network in Poienile de sub Munte locality, Cornatea area, 
Maramures County
Modernization of LV network and connections in Preluca Noua, PT 1 and PT3 area
Network decentralization and power injection in Mozart Street, Cluj Napoca municipality, Cluj 
County
SAP system upgrade to EHP8 version
Modernization of LV OHL Tulca
Modernization of distribution network in Cluj-Napoca Municipality, 21 Decembrie 1989 Blv area 
and adjacent streets, Cluj County
Modernization of SCADA communication remote-controlled equipment Baia Mare Branch
Modernization of LV OHL and connections in Rus locality, PTA1 and PTA2 area, Maramures 
County

Sursa: DEER

1.51

1.70
1.47

1.12

1.16
1.57

1.21

1.61

2.90

1.36

1.04 

1.04

1.03
1.49

1.05

1.02

1.27

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory 
framework

A.3.1 - Applicable legal framework compared to 2022 
vs 2021:

A.3.1.1 Distribution activity

2021

2022

• Distribution activity  
ANRE  has  issued  documents  for  the  regulatory  framework 
that requires additional efforts from distribution operators 
in order to comply with the new requirements:

• Distribution activity  
ANRE  has  issued  documents  for  the  regulatory  framework 
that requires additional efforts from distribution operators 
in order to comply with the new requirements:

a) Regulations regarding tariffs:  
The  distribution  tariffs  approved  for  2022  were  approved 
by  ANRE  Order  no.  119/24  November  2021,  the  regional 
average  tariffs  for  DEER  having  the  following  increase 
compared to the 2021 tariffs: MN +8.1%; TN +10.4%; TS +7.4%.
The distribution tariffs approved for 2022 ANRE approved 
the Order no. 3/20 January 2021 regarding the amendment 
of the Methodology for distribution tariffs setting approved 
by ANRE Order no. 169/18 September 2018:

- 

-  granting a 2% additional incentive to RRR for investments 
in the electrical distribution network made with own funds 
within projects in which European non-reimbursable funds 
were also attracted, if the investments were made and put 
into operation by operators after 1 February 2021;
if  for  certain  assets  categories,  the  primary  legislation 
establishes  other  regulated  depreciation  periods  than 
those provided by the Methodology or by the Catalogue 
for the classification and normal useful lives of fixed assets, 
approved  by  Government  decision,  the  annual  regulated 
depreciation  related  to  those  fixed  assets  is  calculated 
based  on  the  regulated  depreciation  periods  established 
by the primary legislation.3

ANRE  approved  Order  no.  101/30  September  2021  for 
the  modification  and  completion  of  the  Methodology  for 
establishing the tariffs for the distribution service - in force 
since 1 October 2021:

-  Network losses (NL) price: (i) ANRE has the right to correct 
the projection of distribution tariffs for a regulatory period 
of  one  year  if  it  finds  that  there  have  been  significant 
variations  in  prices  on  the  electricity  market,  which  lead 
to  a  significant  change  in  distribution  service  costs;  (ii) 
at  the  justified  request  of  the  DO,  the  regulated  income 
of year t+1 may include a cost adjustment with regulated 
network  losses  forecast  for  year  t+1,  by  changing  the 
reference  price,  depending  on  the  evolution  of  prices  on 
the electricity market and the result of the analysis on the 
evolution of tariffs for the current regulatory period. 

-  Personnel costs - at the request of the DO accompanied 
by  supporting  documents,  ANRE  may  accept  in  the 
regulated income for year t+1 a variation of the personnel 
costs approved for year t+1, generated by the appearance 
of  unforeseen  conditions  during  the  substantiation  and 
approval of the forecast. costs.

-  Destination  of  non-household  consumption  place  -  DO 
are obliged to find non-compliance with the obligation of 
non-household users to keep the destination of a place of 
consumption, and in this case, users are obliged to return 
the value of design and execution works paid by DO, and 
DO exclude fixed assets from RAB.

a) Regulations regarding tariffs:  
The  distribution  rates  approved  for  the  year  2022  were 
approved  by  ANRE  Order  no.  119/24  November  2021, 
the  regional  average  tariffs  for  DEER  having  the  following 
increases  compared  to  the  tariffs  of  2021:  MN  +8.1%;  TN 
+10.4%; TS +7.4% - in force from 1 January 2022

As  a  result  of  GEO  27/2022,  the  distribution  tariffs  for  the 
year  2022  were  modified  starting  on  1  April  2022  to 
cover the additional costs related to the NL from the year 
2021. By ANRE Order no. 28/23 March 2022, the regional 
average tariffs for DEER were approved, with the following 
increases  compared  to  the  tariffs  of  2021:  MN  +24%;  TN 
+17%;  TS  +20%.  This  tariff  increase  will  allow  the  recovery 
of the amount of RON 363 mn. (RON 353 mn. recognized 
2021  NL  loss  to  which  inflation  was  applied)  representing 
the difference between the effective average purchase cost 
of energy for own technological consumption (NL) and the 
ex-ante price established by ANRE related to the year 2021 
in  the  period  1  April  2022-31  December  2022,  which  will 
favorably  impact  the  net  result  related  to  the  distribution 
segment in the remaining period of 2022.

ANRE decision no. 610/2022 regarding the approval of the 
model for the publication of costs regarding the operation, 
maintenance  and  development  of  electric  transmission 
and distribution networks - in force from 1 May 2022.

OD  will  publish  quarterly  on  their  own  internet  webpages, 

both the realized and the budgeted costs.

ANRE  order  no.  129/2022  for  the  approval  of  the 
Methodological  Norms  for  the  recognition  in  tariffs  of 
additional costs with the purchase of electricity to cover 
own  technological  consumption  compared  to  the  costs 
included in the regulated tariffs - in force from 19 October 
2022

-  the quarterly capitalization of the additional costs with NL 
compared to the costs included in the regulated tariffs,
-  the capital costs related to the year 2022 are recognized 
in a distinct component related to the additional cost with 
NL  applicable  starting  on  1  April  2023,  outside  the  7% 
limitations imposed for tariff increases.

-  the  recognized  NL  price  for  2022  will  be  equal  to  the 
reference price calculated as an average among network 
operators, increased by 5%

-  the  additional  cost  with  NL  capitalized  in  2023  will  be 
included in the separate NL component applicable in the 
year 2024

MF  order  no.  3900/2022  regarding  the  approval  of  the 
Accounting Specifications in application of the provisions 
of  art.  III  of  the  Government  Emergency  Ordinance  no. 
119/2022- in force from 20 October 2022

-  Connection workings done by users - Fixed assets made 
in  year  t  of  the  connection  workings  paid  by  users  are 

Capitalized  amounts  are  recorded  in  accounting  through 
accounting  item  208  „Other  intangible  assets”/distinct 

not  included  in  the  RAB,  but  they  are  recognized  in  the 
regulated income for year t+1, by including one-fifth of the 
refundable value.

-  the  accounting  depreciation  of  the  fixed  assets  that 
are  not  part  of  the  RAB  and  that  were  financed  from 
own  resources  and  for  which  the  DO  has  assigned  the 
use  to  a  third  party  is  taken  into  account  to  gross  profit 
computation from other unregulated activities.

analytical  account  =  721  „Income  from  the  production  of 
intangible assets”, as follows: 

o  on 30 September 2022, for the amounts corresponding 
to the period 1 January 2022 – 30 September 2022;
o  on 31 December 2022, for the amounts corresponding 

to the period 1 October 2022 – 31 December 2022;

o  on  31  March  2023,  for  the  amounts  corresponding  to 

the period 1 January 2023 – 31 March 2023;

o  on 30 June 2023, for the amounts corresponding to the 

period 1 April 2023 – 30 June 2023;

o  on 31 August 2023, for the amounts corresponding to 

the period 1 July 2023 – 31 August 2023;

The  amortization  of  the  amounts  corresponding  to  the 
recognized  assets  is  recorded  in  the  accounting  starting 
with the 1st of the month following each of the periods.

ANRE  order  no.  98/2022  -  for  the  approval  of  the 
Procedure  regarding  the  substantiation  and  approval  of 
the  development  and  investment  plans  of  the  transport 
and  system  operator  and  of  the  electricity  distribution 
operators - in force from 12 July 2022

The  elaboration  of  the  10-year  development  plans  of  the 
investment  plans  for  the  period  or  annually  is  carried  out 
on  the  basis  of  an  internal  OR  procedure.  The  2023-2033 
plan  is  submitted  to  ANRE  until  1  July  2023.  The  10-year 
development plan considers:

o  analyses  regarding  the  evolution  of  production  and 
consumption,  evaluation  of  the  need  for  vehicle  re-
charging points, of the dispatchable consumption po-
tential in the area;

o  studies  regarding  the  digitization  and  integration  of 
flexibility services required in RED in the medium and 
long term;

o  analysis of the measures and programs intended to en-

sure the cyber security of IT systems;

o  and includes:
o  estimated  values  regarding  the  impact  of  delays  or 
non-realization of the investments contained in the pre-
vious edition of the development plan;

o  the  stage  of  implementation  of  the  new  obligations 
regarding  network  digitization,  flexibility  services,  in-
tegration of dispatchable consumption and distributed 
production from renewable sources;

o  presentation and argumentation of the way of correla-
tion and compliance of the Plan with the medium and 
long-term  Energy  Strategy  of  Romania  and  with  the 
National Plan regarding energy and climate Regulation 
(EU) 2018/1999;

-  The  benefits  pursued,  in  total  and  by  voltage  levels,  will 
reduce the approved costs for each year of the regulatory 
period  and  for  the  entire  period,  according  to  the  Tariff 
Methodology;
In  the  situation  where  the  OR  does  not  own  or  partially 
owns  motor  vehicles,  the  DSO  has  the  right  to  request 
from  ANRE  the  agreement  for  the  establishment  in  the 
reference year of a regulatory period;

- 

-  The value of the investment plan from own sources must 
be equal to the minimum forecasted depreciation for the 
period, and not annually.

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b) Investments Procedure  
ANRE Order no. 19/16 March 2021 - in force since 19 March 
2021 - the amendment considers the establishment of the 
DSO obligation to carry out the connection workings to the 
final customers, additionally to the annual investment plan.

b) N/A  

c) Licenses  

c) Licenses

ANRE  Order  no.  115/2021  for  amendment  and  completion 
The  Regulation  for  granting  licenses  and  authorizations 
for  the  electricity  sector  approved  by  ANRE  Order  no. 
12/2015 - in force since 2nd of December 2021: 

ANRE order no. 24/2022 regarding the amendment of the 
Regulation for granting licenses and authorizations in the 
electricity sector, approved by ANRE Order no. 12/2015 – 
in force starting from 25 March 2022

DSOs have the obligation to send to ANRE: 
a. until  31  December  2021  -  information  on  power  lines, 
power  stations  and  medium  and  high  voltage  substations 

-  the removal of the legal ban on issuing a single license to 
the  electricity  market  operator  on  the  electricity  market 
in Romania;

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

(technical data according to ANRE Order no. 181/2019);

b. until 31 December 2022 - information on medium and high 
voltage power lines, according to ANRE Order no. 115/2021 
- including economic attributes;

c. until 31 December 2023 - all the information regarding the 
LV, according to the ANRE Order no. 115/2021 - including the 
economic attributes.

Starting  with  01  January  2022,  enters  into  force  the  new 
scheme published on the ANRE website regarding the GIS 
information in the national stereographic coordinate system 
1970,  which  has  attached  as  attributes  to  the  spatial  data 
requested  within  the  GIS  application,  a  set  of  associated 
data  to  presented  spatial  data,  which  includes  the  fixed 
asset  number  and  value  for  the  electrical  transmission/
distribution  network  components,  necessary  for  ANRE  to 
verify  the  fixed  assets  made  by  the  licensees  in  order  to 
recognize them in RAB.

ANRE  Decision  no.  491/30  March  2022  regarding  the 
granting  of  the  License  to  the  market  operator  of  the 
Romanian Commodity Exchange (BRM) was published.

Draft order regarding the approval of the Regulation for the 
granting  of  licenses  and  authorizations  in  the  electricity 
sector - public consultation - phase II

o  renaming the types of licenses granted by ANRE, in ac-
cordance  with  the  provisions  of  art.  10  para.  (2)  from 
the Energy Law;

o  taking over within the regulation of all exceptional situ-
ations provided by law in which it is allowed to provide 
some  services  and  activities  in  the  field  of  electricity 
without the license issued by ANRE, in accordance with 
the provisions of art. 10 para. (4^2), para. (5), para. (6) 
and para. (6^2) from the Energy Law;

o  the  explicit  specification  of  the  situation  regarding 
modification of the license for the commercial exploita-
tion  of  the  energy  capacities  by  including  in  its  con-
tents some energy capacities over which the applicant 
can have a provisional exploitation right, until the date 
when the license holder obtains the definitive exploita-
tion right, in the case of the transfer of the right of own-
ership/use of the respective energy capacities.

d) Smart metering regulations (SM):

d) Smart metering regulations (SM):

ANRE  decision  no.  1315/2022  amending  the  calendar  for 
the implementation of smart electricity metering systems 
at  the  national  level  for  the  period  2019-2028  approved 
by ANRE decision no. 778/2019 – effective from 3 August 
2022

-  ODCs  have  the  obligation  that  within  a  maximum  of  18 

months from the approval of the decision:

-  to update the cost-benefit analyzes for the implementation 
of  intelligent  electricity  metering  systems,  taking  into 
account  the  changes  from  the  new  European  legislative 
package  transposed  into  national  legislation  with  an 
impact  on  the  structure  and  level  of  costs  and  benefits 
involved in the process;

-  to re-evaluate the degree of implementation of the smart 
electricity  metering  systems  in  the  concession  areas  and 
to submit to ANRE, if necessary, proposals to modify the 
implementation calendar of the smart electricity metering 
systems for the concession area, correlated with the results 
of cost-benefit analyses

ANRE  approved  Order  no.  94  /  18  August  2021  for  the 
amendment and completion of the Framework Conditions 
for  the  realization  of  the  implementation  calendar  of 
the  intelligent  electricity  measurement  /  systems  at  the 
national level approved by ANRE Order no. 177/2018 - in 
force since 1 January 2022

-  The  value  of  the  indicator  „Annual  average  of  the  daily 
success  rates  of  data  transmission  from  meter  to  HES  / 
MDMS” of at least 80%. The indicator taken into account 
is  calculated  annually  on  each  transformation  station 
in  the  areas  where  the  SMI  has  been  implemented.  In 
case  of  non-fulfilment  of  this  condition,  ANRE  proceeds 
to  the  non-recognition  of  the  depreciation  costs  and 
profitability corresponding to the equipment that ensures 
the  transmission  of  the  data  related  to  the  respective 
transformation stations, for the respective year.

-  The  DOs  have  the  obligation  to  fulfil  the  annual  targets 
provided  in  the  implementation  schedule  of  the  SMI  at 
the  national  approved  level,  in  a  proportion  of  at  least 
90%  regarding  the  total  number  of  users  provided  for 
integration, respecting all the areas planned for integration 
in that period.

-  The invoicing of the distribution service is to be performed 
based on the measurement data registered by SMI for the 
users  whose  consumption/production  and  consumption 
places are integrated with SMI.

-  The installation of meters that can be integrated with the 
SMI when connecting new users should be done only for 
consumption/production and consumption places located 
in areas where the implementation of the SMI is scheduled 
in the next 5 years.

e) Technical regulations

e) Technical regulations

Network connection

Network connection

ANRE approved the Orders regarding the connection activity:
ANRE Order no. 16/10 March 2021 - the amendment of the 
Regulation  on  connecting  users  to  electricity  networks  of 
public interest (ANRE Order no. 59/2013) - in force since 16 
March 2021:

ANRE  issued  orders  for  connection  in  order  to  harmonize 

with the provisions of GEO no. 143/2021:   

i. domestic connection - In the case of domestic customers, 
upon  commissioning  of  the  completed  connection  works, 
DSO  will  reimburse  the  applicant  the  effective  value  of 

-  the  introduction  of  provisions  regarding  reinforcement 
works  -  the  introduction  of  the  DSO’s  obligation  to 
recalculate the value of the connection tariff component;
-  elimination  of  the  ANRE  endorsement  of  the  procedures 

regarding the users’ connection to the network;

-  clarification  of  the  termination  circumstances  of  the 
effects of the framework convention for the handing over 
of user-financed connection facilities in their ownership.
ANRE Order no. 17/10 March 2021 - The procedure regarding 
the connection to the electricity networks of public interest 
of the consumption places belonging to the non-household 
final  customer  type  users  through  connection  installations 
with lengths up to 2,500 meters and household customers 
-  revision  of  ANRE  Order  no.  183/2020  -  in  force  since  16 
March 2021:

-  the  possibility 

for  household  and  non-household 
customers to agree on the connection installation design 
and execution directly with a certified economic operator 
chosen by them;

-  the application of the procedure also for the consumption 
places  with  storage 
facilities  or  consumption  and 
production  places,  with  or  without  storage  facilities, 
provided with installations for the production of electricity 
from renewable sources (prosumers);

applies to : 
a. household users who have submitted connection requests 
to  the  concessionaire  distribution  operators  after  19 
December 2020;

b. to  non-household  final  customers  type  users,  who 
submitted  connection  requests  to  the  concessionaire 
distribution operators after 30 July 2020.

ANRE Order no. 45/2021 - the amendment of the Regulation 
on connecting users to electricity networks of public in-
terest - in force since 23 June 2021:

-  Elimination of the user’s obligation to send to the network 
operator  (NO),  through  the  documentation  attached  to 
the  connection  request,  the  approved  zonal  urban  plan 
(„PUZ”) or the approved detailed urban plan („PUD”), if it 
was requested by the urbanism certificate;

ANRE Order no. 53/2021 for the approval of the Methodolo-
gy for evaluating the financing conditions of the invest-
ments  for  the  localities’  electrification  or  the  electricity 
distribution networks’ extension approved by ANRE Or-
der no. 36/2019 - in force since 28 June 2021:

-  also  applicable  if  an  association  of  public  authorities 
requests  the  DSO  to  develop  the  electricity  network 
of  public  interest  in  order  to  connect  based  on  regional 
development and urbanism plans;

-  the  definition  of  electricity  distribution  networks’ 
extensions  has  been  modified,  by  eliminating  the  phrase 
“urban” from its content;

-  for the situation in which the public authority/user/group 
of  users  decides  to  fully  finance  the  investment,  it  was 
explicitly  introduced,  besides  the  term  for  returning  the 
operators’  co-financing  quota,  also  the  term  for  taking 
over by the network operator the elements related to the 
returned quota. It is mentioned that this completion is an 
explanation  because  the  restitution  of  the  quota  is  done 
simultaneously with the takeover;

-  clarifications were made regarding the value of the quota 
returned  to  the  public  authority/user/group  of  users, 
in  case  they  decide  to  fully  finance  the  investment,  by 
establishing  the  quota  based  on  the  minimum  between 
the  value  of  works  according  to  the  DSO  offer  and  the 
value  of  works  specified  in  the  reception  documents  for 
the works’ commissioning;

-  for  the  situation  in  which  the  public  authority/user/
group of users decides to fully finance the investment, it 
was  specified  that  the  technical  project  and  the  request 
for  proposal  are  carried  out  by  them,  with  an  economic 
operator certified by ANRE;

-  based on the technical project and the specifications, the 
public authority/user/group of users carries out the works 

the  design  and  execution  of  the  connection,  up  to  an 
average  value  of  a  connection,  established  according  to 
a  methodology  approved  by  ANRE.  The  assets  resulting 
from  the  connection  works  become  the  property  of  the 
distribution  operator  from  the  moment  of  commissioning, 
at the amount reimbursed to the household customer, being 
recognized by ANRE as part of the regulated assets base.
ii. non-domestic  connection  -  In  the  case  of  non-domestic 
customers,  the  cost  of  the  connection  works,  including 
those for the design of the connection/connection, is fully 
borne  by  the  customers.  The  assets  resulting  from  the 
connection works enter the DSO heritage from the moment 
of  commissioning,  without  being  recognized  by  ANRE  as 
part of the regulated assets base. 

iii. Issued orders:
-  ANRE  order  no.  17/02  March  2022  -  Order  for  the 
amendment  and  completion  of  the  Regulation  regarding 
the  connection  of  users  to  the  public  interest  electrical 
networks, approved by ANRE Order no. 59/2013 in force 
starting from 4 March, 2022

-  ANRE Order no. 18/02 March 2022 - Order approving the 
Procedure for the connection to low-voltage public interest 
electricity  networks  of  consumption  sites  belonging  to 
domestic customers - in force from 7 March 2022 - repeals 
ANRE  Order  no.  17/2021  domestic  customers  -  in  force 
from 7 March 2022 - repeals ANRE Order no. 17/2021

-  ANRE Order no. 21/09 March 2022 - Order amending and 
supplementing the Methodology for establishing the tariffs 
for the connection of users to the electricity networks of 
public interest, approved by ANRE Order no. 11/2014 - in 
force since 11 March 2022

-  ANRE Order no. 22/09 March 2022 - Order amending and 
supplementing  ANRE  Order  no.  141/2014  approving  the 
specific tariffs and specific indices used to set the tariffs 
for connecting users to the public interest electricity grids 
- in force since 11 March 2022

-  ANRE  Order  no.  23/09  March  2022  -  Order  on  the 
approval  of  the  average  values  used  by  the  distribution 
operator  for  the  reimbursement  to  household  customers 
of the cost of design and execution works of a connection 
- in force since 11 March 2022

ANRE Order no. 63/2022 amending ANRE Order no. 95/2018 
on the approval of mandatory clauses in contracts for the 
provision  of  services  in  order  to  carry  out  connection 
works  to  electricity  networks  of  public  interest  -  in  force 
since 31 March 2022

-  clarification of the applicability of the Binding Clauses in 
conjunction  with  the  amendment  of  Art.  44,  para.  (4)  of 
the Connection Regulation, introduced by ANRE Order no. 
160/2020.  It  introduces  the  possibility  for  the  approved 
economic  operator  to  constitute  a  guarantee  of  good 
performance of the contract in favour of the RO, through 
a  guarantee  instrument  issued  by  non-banking  financial 
institutions.

-  Contracts for the provision of services for the execution of 
connection works to the electricity grids of public interest 
concluded before the date of entry into force of the Order 
shall  be  updated  by  the  conclusion  by  the  parties  of  an 
additional act within 30 days from the date of entry into 
force of the Order.

ANRE  Order  no.  137/2021  Order  for  the  approval  of  the 
Procedure for the determination of the available capacity 
in  the  electricity  networks  for  the  connection  of  new 
electricity generation facilities - in force since 1 March 2022:
-  rules for determining the available capacity in RET/RED at 

110 kV voltage level;

-  rules for publication of data on available capacities;
-  deadlines  and  periodicity  of  publication  of  data  on 
available capacities by grid operators: monthly from 1 April 
2022; bi-monthly from 1 July 2022.

ANRE  Order  for  the  purpose  of  harmonization  with  the 
provisions  of  the  ANRE  regulatory  framework  in  which 
the  legislative  amendments  of  GEO  no.  143/2021  were 
transposed,  namely  with  the  provisions  of  ANRE  Orders 

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

regarding  the  development  of  the  electricity  distribution 
network  for  electrifying  the  localities  or  for  extending 
the  electricity  distribution  networks  with  an  economic 
operator certified by ANRE.

ANRE  Order  no.  85/2021  -  Order  for  the  amendment  and 
completion  of  ANRE  Order  no.  74/2014  for  the  approval 
of  the  Framework  Content  of  the  technical  connection 
approvals (ATR) - in force from 6 July 2021: the elimination 
of the DSO’s obligation to send to ANRE reports regarding 
the users’ appeals regarding the issuance of ATR.

ANRE  Order  no.  137/2021  Order  for  the  approval  of  the 
Procedure  regarding  the  determination  of  the  available 
capacity  in  the  electrical  networks  for  the  connection 
of  new  installations  of  electricity  production  -  in  force 
starting with 1st of March 2022:  

-  rules for determining the capacity available in the electrical 
transmission  network/electrical  distribution  network  at 
the 110 kV voltage level;

-  rules 

for  the  data  publication  regarding  available 

capacities; 

-  deadlines  and  frequency  of  data  publication  regarding 
available  capacities  by  network  operators:  monthly 
starting with 1st of April 2022; twice a month starting with 
1 July 2022.

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no. 17/2022, no. 18/2022 and no. 19/2022.  

-  ANRE Order no. 82/2022 - amending and supplementing 
ANRE Order no. 74/2014 approving the framework content 
of the technical connection permits - in force from 20 June 
2022;

-  ANRE Order no. 83/2022 - modification and completion of 
ANRE Order no. 5/2014 for the approval of the framework 
content  of  the  connection  certificates  -  in  force  from  20 
June 2022;

-  ANRE  Order  no.  105/2022  approving  the  framework 
contracts  for  connection  to  the  electricity  networks  of 
public interest - will repeal ANRE Order no. 164/2020 - in 
force from 5 August 2022.
ANRE  Order  no.  81/2022 

-  Order  amending  and 
supplementing the Regulation on the connection of users 
to the electricity networks of public interest, approved by 
ANRE Order no. 59/2013 - in force from 17 June 2022

-  requires  the  OR  to  complete  the  value  of  the  costs  of 
carrying  out  the  general  reinforcement  works  and  the 
method  of  payment  to  the  first  user  and  the  other  users 
respectively, in the connection contract it concludes with 
the new user;
introduction  of  the  possibility  for  the  OR  to  conclude  a 
contract for the design and/or execution of reinforcement 
works  for  the  creation  of  the  technical  conditions 
necessary for the connection of several consumption and/
or production sites, with a specific certified designer and/
or constructor chosen by the user;

- 

-  the responsibility of the RO/economic operator to obtain 
the  agreement/authorisation  for  the  execution  of  the 
connection installation, in the case of the direct conclusion 
between  the  user  and  the  approved  economic  operator 
designated by the user of the contract for the design and/
or execution of the connection installation as such:
o  o  for  the  connection  installation  which  will  be  owned 
by the user, the document shall be obtained by the user 
or, where appropriate, by the designated approved eco-
nomic operator;

o  o  for  the  connection  facility  which  will  become  the 
property of the RO, the document shall be obtained by 
the OR.

ANRE Order no. 103/2022 for the approval of the Procedure 
for the connection to the electricity grids of public interest 
of recharging points for electric vehicles - in force from 4 
August 2022

-  the  connection  of  a  new  consumption  site,  consisting  of 

one or more recharging points for electric vehicles;

-  connection  of  a  new  consumption/consumption  and 
production site with electric vehicle charging points, with/
without storage facilities; 
installation of one or more electric vehicle charging points 
at  an  existing  consumption  site/site  of  consumption  and 
production with/without storage facilities.

- 

-  applies in conjunction with the provisions of the Connection 
Regulation,  the  Domestic  Connection  Procedure  and  the 
Prosumer Connection Procedure in force. 

-  establishes, for certain stages or actions in the connection 
process,  shorter  deadlines,  similar  to  those  provided  for 
the connection of prosumers. 

-  when installing one or more recharging points for electric 
vehicles  at  an  existing  point  of  consumption,  without 
exceeding  the  approved  power,  the  existing  ATR/CfR  is 
not updated, and no additional work is carried out in the 
existing  electrical  installations  upstream  of  the  boundary 
point. 

-  the obligation of the DO to draw up its own procedures, 
within 30 days of publication in the Official Gazette, for the 
organisation of the connection activity for the categories 
of users to whom the document is addressed and to make 
available  to  interested  parties  all  relevant  information  on 
the connection process.

Order  no.  133/2022  amending  and  supplementing  some 
orders of ANRE in the field of connection to the electricity 
grid of public interest users - in force since 21 October 2022

-  Connection Regulation: (i) deletion of the provision that 
connection  facilities  financed  by  non-household  final 
customers become part of the DO’s assets at the time of 
commissioning; (ii) addition of the definition of prosumer
-  ATR  framework  content:  (i)  deletion  of  the  provision 
according to which connection facilities financed by non-
household customers enter into the ownership of the DO 
at the time of commissioning; (ii) addition of the categories 
of users connected to the LV to whom the TO reimburses 
the costs of the design and execution of the connection up 
to an average value

-  Domestic  connection  procedure:  (i)  the  categories  of 
users connected to the LV to which the procedure applies 
must be completed and included in the contracting parties 
provided for in the framework contracts; (ii) the documents 
required  for  the  conclusion  of  the  connection  contract 
must include the certificate issued to the user by the trade 
register no later than 30 days before the date of submission 
of the certificate, in the case of users other than domestic 
customers;  (iii)  the  connection  contract  must  include 
the  average  value  of  the  connection,  excluding  VAT;  (iv) 
inclusion  of  the  obligation  for  the  user  or  the  approved 
economic operator designated to design and execute the 
connection  to  obtain  the  consent/authorisation  to  carry 
out  the  connection,  if  the  contract  for  the  design  and 
execution  of  the  connection  is  concluded  directly  by  the 
user  with  the  designated  approved  economic  operator; 
(v)  the  introduction  of  a  maximum  limit  of  5  years  from 
the  commissioning  of  the  connection  for  the  duration  of 
the  connection  contract,  linked  to  the  legal  provision  on 
the reimbursement of the actual value of the connection 
design and execution works, up to the average value of a 
connection.

-  Connection  procedure  for  prosumers:  (i)  inclusion  of 
the  possibility  of  programming  the  existing  meter  at 
the  delimitation  point  of  a  consumption  site  for  the 
measurement  of  electricity  in  both  directions,  when 
installing  renewable  energy  production  facilities  in  the 
user’s  facilities;  (ii)  inclusion  of  an  exemption  from  the 
application of the provisions of the procedure, concerning 
the  electricity  metering  units  required  in  the  prosumers’ 
facilities, in the sense of not making the installation of such 
equipment conditional on the installation of power to the 
user’s facility, given the difficulties for the DOs to purchase 
such metering units.

-  Connection  framework  contracts  -  additions  to  the 
RO  obligations  in  order  to  comply  with  the  derogatory 
provisions of the Connection Procedure for prosumers.
-  BRML Order no. 77/2022 for the approval of the official 
list  of  fixed  means  of  measurement  subject  to  legal 
metrological  control  -  published  in  Official  Gazette  no. 
332/5 April 2022 - enters into force within 90 days from 
the date of publication in MO (4 July 2022)

-  For active and reactive electricity meters the metrological 

verification will be done every 15 years.

-  ANRE Order no. 124/2022 for the approval of the Rules 
for  congestion  management  through  the  market-based 
use by network operators of the flexibility of resources in 
the  distribution  networks  and  those  in  the  transmission 
network,  of  the  Rules  applicable  to  the  purchase  of 
reactive  electricity  for  voltage  regulation  in  stationary 
mode by the transmission and system operator and of the 
Rules applicable to the purchase of reactive electricity for 
voltage regulation in stationary mode by concessionary 
distribution  operators  and  for  the  amendment  and 
completion of ANRE Order no. 127/2021 for the approval 
of the Regulation on terms and conditions for balancing 
service  providers  and  frequency  stabilisation  reserve 
providers and the Regulation on terms and conditions for 
balancing parties - in force from 19 October, and Art. 1, 3 
and 4 shall apply from 1 May 2024

Within 12 months the RO shall prepare and submit to ANRE 

a proposal on:

o  a  technical  qualification  procedure  related  to  the  par-

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

ticipation in congestion management in their networks;
o  specifications of the products introduced in short-term 

energy tenders for congestion management;

o  specifications of the products included in long-term ca-

pacity tenders for congestion management;

o  the  minimum  information  to  be  included  in  the  regis-
ter for flexibility resources, as well as the optional ones, 
and the access rules for neighbouring ROs;

o  a reasoned choice between organising a common plat-
form for all ROs to purchase electricity for congestion 
management or a separate platform for each RO;

o  option of whether or not to combine any common plat-

form with the Register for flexibility resources.

-  Within  12  months  the  ROs  shall 

jointly  develop  a 
methodology  to  establish  how  they  will  operate, 
collaborate, share information, and establish the rights and 
responsibilities of each during the period in which the OTS 
continues to identify and manage grid congestion on the 
110 kV grids under the responsibility of the ODs.

-  Within  16  months  from  the  date  of  entry  into  force  of 
this Order, the DSO and the OTS shall develop their own 
operational  procedures  for  the  implementation  of  the 
provisions of Annex 1 to the Order.

Draft Order amending and supplementing the Methodology 
for issuing site permits by network operators, approved by 
Order of the President of the National Energy Regulatory 
Authority no. 25/2016 - public consultation

-  the  definition  of  “risk  analysis”  has  been  introduced  as 
technical-economic  documentation  analysing  the  impact 
of non-compliance with regulated coexistence conditions. 
It  is  drawn  up  by  a  quality  and  extra-judicial  technical 
expert in the field of technological electrical installations, 
who holds a credential/certificate issued by ANRE, or by a 
qualified expert in technological risk prevention-reduction.
-  clarifications  have  been  made  regarding  the  use  of  the 
favourable  site  opinion  conditional  to  the  issue  of  the 
building permit. 

-  through  the  changes  made,  will  allow  the  use  of  the 
coexistence study prepared during the approval phase of 
the  urban  planning  documentation  and  in  the  procedure 
for issuing the site permit.

Prosumers

Prosumers

ANRE Order no. 15/10 March 2021 - Procedure regarding the 
connection to the electricity networks of public interest of 
the  consumption  and  production  places  belonging  to  the 
prosumers who have installations for electricity production 
from renewable sources with the installed power of at most 
100 kW/consumption place - in force since 16 March 2021:

ANRE  Order  no.  15/23  February  2022  -  Methodology 
for  establishing  the  rules  for  the  trading  of  electricity 
produced  in  power  plants  from  renewable  sources  with 
an installed electrical power of no more than 400 kW per 
place  of  consumption  belonging  to  prosumers  -  in  force 
since 1 May 2022

-  considering  the 

legislative  amendments  brought  by 
Law  no.  290/2020,  in  force  since  19  December  2020,  it 
was  necessary  to  revise  the  previously  proposed  form 
regarding the DSO’s obligations to finance and realize the 
design and execution works of the connection installations 
for  non-household  final  customers,  through  connection 
installations  with  lengths  up  to  2,500  meters  and  the 
design  and  execution  of  connection  installations  for 
household customers.

ANRE Order no. 50/2021 for the approval of the trading rules 
for the electricity produced in power plants from renewable 
sources with an installed power of up to 100 kW belonging 
to prosumers - in force since 1 July 2021:
-  repeals the ANRE Order no. 226/2018;
-  revised as a result of the amendments brought by Law nr. 
155/2020  and  Ministry  of  the  Environment,  Waters  and 
Forests Order no. 121/2021 amending the Financing Guide 
of the Program regarding the installation of photovoltaic 
panel systems for electricity production, in order to cover 
the necessary consumption and the surplus delivery in the 
national  network,  approved  by  Ministry  of  Environment 
Order no. 1287/2018;

-  elimination of the reporting models from Appendices 1 and 

-  The distribution operators ensure the purchase, installation, 
sealing, verification, reading and, if necessary, replacement 
of  the  electricity  metering  groups  located  in  the  users’ 
installations, according to ANRE regulations.

-  Consumers  owning  electricity  generating  units  from 
RES  with  an  installed  capacity  of  400  kW  or  less  per 
consumption  site  may  sell  the  electricity  produced  and 
delivered to the electricity grid to electricity suppliers with 
whom  they  have  concluded  electricity  supply  contracts, 
according to ANRE regulations.

-  At  the  request  of  prosumers  producing  electricity  in 
electricity generating units with an installed capacity per 
place of consumption:
o  up  to  200  kW  -  electricity  suppliers  with  whom  they 
have  electricity  supply  contracts  are  obliged  to  make 
a  quantitative  compensation  in  the  bill  of  prosumers 
between the electricity produced and delivered to the 
grid and the electricity consumed and to report in the 
bills of prosumers  the difference between the quantity 
of electricity delivered and consumed, if the amount of 
energy  produced  and  delivered  to  the  grid  is  greater 
than  the  amount  of  electricity  consumed,  prosumers  
may use the reported amount of electricity for a maxi-

2 of the ANRE Order no. 226/2018, with their full takeover 
in the draft revision order of ANRE Order no. 195/2019.
ANRE Order no. 52/2021 for the approval of the Methodology 
for monitoring the system for promoting the electricity from 
renewable energy sources production (RES) - in force since 
1 July 2021:

-  repeals the ANRE Order no. 195/2019;
-  systematization  of  data  collection  by  integrating  the 
information  and  data  contained  in  the  regulations  in  the 
field of electricity promotion in RES;

- 

-  completing  the  data  necessary  to  be  collected  for  the 
monitoring  of  the  promotion  system  for  the  electricity 
produced in RES power plants with an installed electrical 
power of at most 100 kW belonging to prosumers, through 
a  dedicated  software  interface  directly  on  the  ANRE 
website;
introduces the DSO obligation to publish on their website, 
every month, information on the prosumers connected to 
the electricity grid;
introduces  the  obligation  of  the  DSO  and  OTS,  as 
appropriate, to publish on their website, every month, the 
information on technical connection approvals, connection 
contract and connection certificates issued in the previous 
month  for  power  plants  belonging  to  the  producers  of 
electricity  from  renewable  energy  sources  (E-SRE)  and 
prosumers.

- 

mum period of 24 months from the date of the invoice.
o  o between 200 kW and 400 kW - electricity suppliers 
are  obliged  to  purchase  the  electricity  produced  and 
delivered at a price equal to the weighted average price 
recorded in the PZU in the month in which the energy 
was produced and to make the financial adjustment be-
tween the electricity delivered and the electricity con-
sumed from the grid in the bill of the prosumers.
Quantitative  compensation  for  prosumers  with  installations 
up to 200 kW per place of consumption will be granted until 
31  December  2030,  and  after  this  period  these  prosumers 
can  sell  the  electricity  produced  under  the  conditions 
provided  for  prosumers  with  installed  capacities  between 
200 kW and 400 kW per place of consumption.

ANRE  Order  no.  19/02  March  2022  Order  approving 
the  Procedure  for  the  connection  of  consumption  and 
production sites belonging to prosumers to the electricity 
networks of public interest - in force since 7 March 2022 - 
repealed ANRE Order no. 15/2021

-  harmonisation with the provisions of GEO no. 143/2021
ANRE  Order  no.  104/2022  amending  and  supplementing 
the Procedure for the connection to the public electricity 
networks of consumption and production sites belonging 
to  prosumers,  approved  by  ANRE  Order  no.  19/2022  -  in 
force since 4 August 2022

- 

introduction  of  the  provision  according  to  which,  as  an 
exception  to  the  rules  laid  down  in  the  Procedure  that 
do  not  provide  for  the  issuance  of  ATRs  or  those  that 
do  not  provide  for  the  issuance  of  ATRs  prior  to  the 
construction of the electricity production plant, in the case 
of  prosumers  accessing  financing  programmes  for  the 
installation of power plants for the production of electricity 
from  renewable  sources,  the  DSO  shall  issue  ATRs  prior 
to  the  construction  of  the  electricity  production  plant, 
in  compliance  with  the  provisions  of  the  regulatory  acts 
specific to the respective financing programmes.

ANRE  Order  no.  95/2022 

-  Order  amending  and 
supplementing  ANRE  Order  no.  15/2022  approving  the 
Methodology  for  establishing  the  rules  for  the  trading 
of  electricity  produced  in  power  plants  from  renewable 
sources with an installed electrical power of no more than 
400 kW per place of consumption belonging to prosumers 
- in force since 1 July 2022.

-  clarifies the application of the quantitative compensation 
between  the  electricity  consumed  and  the  electricity 
produced and delivered to the electricity grid by prosumers 
owning electricity production units from renewable energy 
sources  with  an  installed  electrical  power  of  200  kW  or 
less  per  consumption  site,  given  that,  after  the  approval 
of  ANRE  Order  no.  15/2022,  GEO  no.  27/2022  came  into 
force, which establishes the billing of electricity consumed 
by prosumers in the period 1 April 2022 - 31 March 2023.
Draft Order approving the Methodology for establishing the 
rules  for  quantitative  compensation  between  electricity 
produced from renewable sources in mobile units equipped 
with  electricity  generation  systems  during  regenerative 
braking  and  delivered  to  the  national  electricity  system 
and  electricity  consumed  from  the  national  electricity 
system by prosumers - public consultation

- 

-  OD  to  whose  grids  mobile  units  generating  electricity 
during  regenerative  braking  are  connected  certifies  the 
quality  of  prosumer,  in  order  to  apply  the  mechanism  of 
quantitative compensation according to legal provisions;
In  addition,  in  order  to  certify  the  status  of  prosumer, 
the  DSO  also  verifies  compliance  with  the  following 
requirements:  (i)  the  main  activity  of  the  prosumer  - 
legal  entity  is  not  the  production  of  electricity;  (ii)  the 
electricity produced during the recovery break must come 
from  renewable  energy  sources  and  be  delivered  to  the 
NES;  (iii)  the  electricity  metering  system  at  the  interface 
with the NES is realized either with smart meters or with 
meters  that  allow  at  least  remote  reading,  integrable  in 
smart electricity metering systems, having communication 
systems  compatible  with  those  of  the  concessionaire 

.

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2021202220212022 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

distribution  operator  to  whose  networks  the  electricity 
installations are connected.

-  The  concessionaire  DSO  shall  carry  out  monthly  meter 
reading  of  electricity  from  renewable  sources  produced 
and delivered to the SEN/consumed from the SEN, in case 
the remote reading of electricity meters is not possible for 
technical  reasons,  it  shall  be  determined  on  the  basis  of 
historical measured data,

-  The concessionaire DSO is obliged to store the collected 
measured/determined data, as appropriate, for a period of 
at least 36 calendar months.

Distribution service performance standard

Distribution service performance standard

ANRE  Order  no.  46/15  June  2021  for  the  approval  of  the 
Distribution Service Performance Standard - in force since 
1 July 2021:

-  the standard imposes additional obligations for the DSOs, 
and in order to fulfill them, additional investments and the 
increase of operating expenses will be necessary;

-  the obligation of the DSO to monitor the short interruptions, 
and to grant compensations for non-compliance with the 
imposed  thresholds:  HV=300  RON  (>10  interruption/
year),  MV  =10  RON  (>10  interruption/week),  LV=5  RON 
(>10 interruption/week);

-  the  obligation  to  comply  with  the  90-day  deadline  for 
commissioning  a  connection,  including  the  reception 
and  commissioning  of  the  connection  installation,  the 
compensation for non-compliance being 100 RON;

-  the obligation of the DSO to ensure, starting with 1 January 
2022, reduced voltage deviations for LV level (from +10% 
to  +5%  of  the  nominal  voltage  value,  monitored  weekly), 
the compensations being for legal entities: HV - 270 RON, 
MV and LV - 130 RON (for each monitoring period), and for 
individuals: HV - 270 RON, MV and LV - 70 RON (for each 
monitoring period);

-  setting  an 

implementation  calendar  for  the  quality 
analyzers,  so  that  100%  of  the  power  stations  will  be 
monitored  with  the  help  of  this  equipment  until  the  end 
of 2026, respectively 100% of the transformation stations 
until  1st  January  2028.  This  implementation  program  is 
correlated  with  the  provisions  of  the  SM  implementation 
schedule;

-  setting intervals for the reception of telephone calls made 
by  network  users  through  the  call  centers  managed  by 
distribution operators, namely: 

a) maximum 30 seconds from the call initiation by 
the user until it is taken over, without the inter-
vention of the human operator;

b) maximum 180 seconds from receiving the call for 
the user to be able to select the option to trans-
fer the call to a human operator;

c) maximum  20  minutes  from  taking  over  the  call 
to  start  the  user’s  conversation  with  a  human 
operator

ANRE  Order  no.  64/2022  amending  and  supplementing 
the  Performance  Standard  for  the  electricity  distribution 
service,  approved  by  ANRE  Order  no.  46/2021  -  in  force 
from 31 March 2022:

-  domestic  customers,  the  index  reading  period  can  be 
longer than one month, but must not exceed 3 months, for 
non-compliance compensation is granted 10 lei

-  non-household  customers,  the  index  reading  period  can 
be longer than one month, but must not exceed 6 months, 
for non-compliance is granted compensation 10 lei

-  prosumers,  the  periodicity  of  reading  the  index  of  the 
measurement group is a calendar month - compensation 
10 lei regardless of voltage level

-  OD does not compensate users whose metering units are 
located on their property and who have not allowed DSO 
access to read the metering unit index within the interval 
specified  in  the  bills  issued  by  the  electricity  suppliers, 
with prior notification/approval no more than three times 
to the users.

-  The  DSO  is  obliged  to  provide  access  to  historical 
consumption  data  of  users  benefiting  from  smart 
metering systems, in accordance with the provisions of the 
framework conditions for the implementation schedule of 
smart metering systems at national level - if the DO does 
not  meet  the  deadlines  for  a  period  of  one  month,  it  is 
obliged  to  pay  the  user  compensation  in  the  amount  of 
30 lei to JT.

-  change DSO timetable for installation of quality analysers

o  Transformer  substations  monitored  according  to  each 
stage  include  also  transformer  substations  that  fully 
supply users integrated in smart metering systems.

o  by 31 December 2023 will monitor at least 50% of the 
number of substations and at least 20% of the number 
of transformer substations, 

o  until 31 December 2025 will monitor at least 75% of the 
number of substations and at least 60% of the number 
of transformer substations,

o  by  31  December  2026  will  fully  (100%)  monitor  the 
number of substations and at least 80% of the number 
of transformer substations,

o  from  01  January  2028  will  fully  (100%)  monitor  trans-

former substations. 

OD  have  the  obligation  to  submit  to  ANRE,  by  30  June 
2022,  the  implementation  programme  for  monitoring  the 
continuity and quality of electricity with analysers installed 
in electricity stations and transformer substations.

Commercial (Trading) Regulations

Commercial (Trading) Regulations

ANRE  Order  no.  25/2021  regarding  the  amendment  of  the 
Framework  Contract  for  the  distribution  service  -  in  force 
since 1st July 2021:

- 

in  the  process  of  changing  the  supplier,  for  the 
small  household  and  non-household  customers,  the 
measurement group index reading for settlement related 
to  a  consumption  place  is  performed  by  the  DSO,  if  the 
final customer does not send the self-read index;

-  the  DSO  has  the  obligation  to  inform  the  supplier  about 
the change of the measuring group reading period at least 
60 days before the change date;

ANRE Order no. 82/2021 amending and supplementing the 
Regulation  on  the  supply  of  electricity  to  end  customers, 
approved by ANRE Order no. 235/2019 and repealing ANRE 
Order no. 130/2015 approving the Procedure for the supply 
of electricity to own consumption sites DSO - in force from 1 
July 2021 (except for the provisions of art. I points 25-27, 33 
and 34 which enter into force on 1 July 2022):

- 

in  case  of  change  of  electricity  supplier,  customers  can 
communicate  to  the  new  supplier  the  self-quoted  index 
at  the  date  of  transmission  of  the  notification  of  change 
of supplier; the supplier has the obligation to retrieve and 

-  within a maximum of two months from the entry into force 
of this order, the DSO and the electricity suppliers update 
the  electricity  distribution  service  contracts  according 
to  the  provisions  of  the  framework  contract  from  the 
Appendix  no.  1  to  the  ANRE  Order  no.  90/2015,  with 
subsequent amendments and completions;

ANRE Order no. 82/2021 for the amendment and completion 
of  the  Regulation  for  the  supply  of  electricity  to  final 
customers, approved by ANRE Order no. 235/2019 and the 
repeal of ANRE Order no. 130/2015 regarding the approval 
of  the  Procedure  regarding  the  electricity  supply  of  the 
DSO own consumption places - in force from 1st July 2021 
(except for the provisions of art. I points 25-27, 33 and 34 
which enter into force on 1st January 2022):

- 

- 

in  case  of  the  electricity  supplier  change,  the  customers 
can communicate to the new supplier the self-read index 
at the date of sending the change of supplier notification; 
the  supplier  has  the  obligation  to  take  over  and  send  to 
the DSO the index self-read by the final customer; the self-
read index is taken into account by the DSO when setting 
the electricity consumption in the process of changing the 
supplier;
if the final customer does not send the self-read index, the 
DSO has the obligation to read the index of the measuring 
equipment in the period between the date of sending the 
supplier  change  notification  and  the  date  of  the  actual 
change of the supplier;

-  the DSO has the obligation to create and maintain in the 
database,  for  each  consumption  place,  for  each  month 
from  the  period  January  -  December,  information  on  the 
estimated  active  electricity  consumption,  established 
as  appropriate,  based  on:  (i)  consumption  of  electricity 
recorded  at  the  consumption  place  in  the  similar  period 
of  the  previous  year  or  of  the  determined  electricity 
consumption taking into account the most recent readings 
made  by  the  DSO;  (ii)  the  specific  consumption  profile, 
determined by the DSO for the respective category of the 
final  customer  if  there  is  no  consumption  history  for  the 
place of consumption.

-  the  DSO  has  the  obligation  to  allow  free  access  to  all 
electricity  suppliers  to  the  data  in  the  database  and  to 
inform them on how to access the data;

-  until 1st November 2021, the DSOs have the obligation to 
make available to the electricity suppliers the consumption 
data provided in the order and to publish on its web pages 
information regarding the way of accessing these data;
-  starting with 1st January 2022, in the case of consumption 
places for which consumer agreements are concluded, the 
distribution  service  invoicing  will  be  performed  by  the 
DSO, based on these agreements, if there is no index for 
these consumption places read by the DSO or by the end 
customer.

- 

transmit  to  the  DSO  the  index  self-quoted  by  the  final 
customer; the self-quoted index is taken into account by 
the DSO when determining the electricity consumption in 
the process of change of supplier;
if the end-customer does not transmit the self-read index, 
the DSO is obliged to read the metering equipment index 
in  the  period  between  the  date  of  transmission  of  the 
supplier  change  notification  and  the  date  of  the  actual 
supplier change;

-  The DSO is obliged to create and maintain in the database, 
for each place of consumption, for each of the months of 
January to December, information on the estimated active 
electricity consumption, determined as appropriate, based 
on:  (i)  the  electricity  consumption  recorded  at  the  place 
of  consumption  during  the  same  period  of  the  previous 
year or the electricity consumption determined taking into 
account the most recent readings made by the OD; (ii) the 
specific consumption profile, determined by the DSO for 
the respective category of final customer if for the place of 
consumption there is no consumption history.

-  OD has the obligation to allow free access to the data in 
the database to all electricity suppliers and to inform them 
on how to access the data;

-  until  1  November  2021,  the  ODs  are  obliged  to  make 
available  to  electricity  suppliers  the  consumption  data 
provided for in the order and to publish on their websites 
information on how to access this data;

-  from 1 January 2022, in the case of consumption places for 
which consumption agreements are concluded, the billing 
of the distribution service will be carried out by the DO, on 
the  basis  of  these  agreements,  if  for  these  consumption 
places  there  is  no  index  read  by  the  DO  or  by  the  final 
customer. 

ANRE  Order  no.  90/2022 

-  Order  amending  and 
supplementing  ANRE  Order  no.  52/2021  approving  the 
Methodology for monitoring the system for the promotion 
of electricity production from renewable energy sources - 
in force since 27 June 2022

-  regulating  the  legal  aspects  related  to  data  reporting 
by  electricity  suppliers  who  have  concluded/purchase 
contracts  for  electricity  produced  by  prosumers,  with 
whom  they  have  concluded  contracts  for  the  supply  of 
electricity as final consumers, on the manner and format 
of reporting, respectively frequency of data reporting.
ANRE Order no. 91/2022 - Order approving the Regulation 
on the last instance supply of electricity - in force from 24 
June 2022

-  Consumption  sites  that  are  not  disconnected  for  non-
payment  of  electricity  consumption/withdrawal  and 
do  not  have  a  supply  contract  in  force/are  not  in  the 
portfolio of an FUI, are taken over by the LR (the supplier 
with the highest market share in the grid area where the 
consumption sites are located);

-  within  a  maximum  of  3  working  days  from  the  date  of 
entry into force of the order, each concessionaire DSO shall 
communicate to the LR the list of consumption sites in its 
network area that are in the situations described above;
-  the  market  shares  shall  be  established  and  published  by 
ANRE on the basis of the quantities of electricity delivered, 
in the period from 1 September 2021 to 28 February 2022, 
to customers in each network area, by each of the suppliers 
who are also suppliers of last resort;

-  within  a  maximum  of  5  working  days  from  the  date  of 
communication of the designation decision, LR and DSO 
concessionaires  with  whom  the  supplier  does  not  have 
electricity  distribution  contracts,  shall  conclude  such 
contracts.

Compliance Regulation

Annual Report and sanctions

ANRE approved Order no. 97/08 September 2021 approving 
the Regulation on establishing the compliance program and 
designating the compliance agent by the electricity/natural 
gas  distribution  operators  and  by  the  natural  gas  storage 

ANRE  Order  no.  1/19  January  2022  -  Order  for  the  repeal 
of  ANRE  Order  no.  32/2016  on  the  approval  of  the 
Methodology for the preparation of the Annual Report by 
licensees in the electricity and thermal energy sector and 

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2021202220212022 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

operators that are part of a vertically integrated economic 
operator effective 1 January 2022:

on the amendment of some ANRE orders - in force since 21 
January 2022

-  designating  the  approval  and  activity  of  the  compliance 
agents  -  DO  will  send  to  ANRE  the  nominations  of  the 
compliance agent until 1st of November 2021, conditions: 
(i)  at  least  3  years  before  the  date  of  designation  as 
compliance  agent  and  for  the  entire  period  in  which  a 
compliance  agent  is  appointed,  not  to  have  held/not  to 
hold any professional position or responsibility, interest or 
business relationship, of direct or indirect order, with the 
vertically  integrated  economic  operator  or  with  any  part 
thereof; (ii) have at least 5 years of experience in the field 
of electricity/natural gas;

-  the  manner  of  elaboration  and  the  content  of  the 
compliance programs drawn up by the DO for electricity/
natural gas, respectively for the storage of natural gas;
in  the 
implementation  of  the  measures  provided 
compliance  program  and  monitoring  the  application  of 
the  compliance  programs,  respectively  of  the  measures 
therein;

- 

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-  eliminates  the  obligation  for  licensees  to  draw  up  the 

Annual Activity Report. 

-  ANRE Order no. 32/2016  is  repealed  -  the  information  in 
the  annexes  of  the  Annual  Report  Methodology  shall  be 
submitted  to  ANRE  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of 
other orders.

ANRE  Order  no.  12/23  February  2022  -  Order  approving 
the Procedure for the establishment and individualization 
of fines related to the turnover resulting from the control 
activity - in force from 1 March 2022

- 

It  aims  to  establish  the  rules  necessary  for  establishing 
and individualizing the contravention penalties related to 
turnover provided for in the Law on Electricity and Natural 
Gas no. 123/2012, art. 95 para. (2) and (3).

ANRE Order no. 13/23 February 2022 - Order approving the 
Procedure  for  the  establishment  and  individualization  of 
contraventional  sanctions  related  to  turnover,  by  ANRE’s 
Regulatory Committee, following investigation actions - in 
force since 28 February 2022.

- 

Its  purpose  is  to  establish  and  individualize  sanctions  in 
case  of  committing  the  offences  provided  for  in  art.  93 
para. (1) and art. 194 of the Law on Electricity and Natural 
Gas  no.  123/2012,  with  subsequent  amendments  and 
additions,  hereinafter  referred  to  as  the  Law,  for  which 
sanctions  are  provided  from  the  turnover  of  the  year 
preceding the application of the sanction.

ANRE  Order  no.  100/2022  amending  and  supplementing 
the Regulation on the organisation and conduct of energy 
investigation  activities  regarding  the  functioning  of  the 
wholesale  energy  market,  approved  by  ANRE  Order  no. 
25/2017 - in force from 4 August 2022

-  application of some of the legal provisions in force and by 

the members of the Regulatory Committee of ANRE; 

- 

-  extending  the  scope  of  investigations  into  breaches  of 
the  transparency  requirements  laid  down  in  the  ANRE 
regulations as well as in European regulations; 
introduction  of  amendments,  clarifications  and  additions 
concerning the competence to establish and individualize 
sanctions,  depending  on  the  nature  and  timing  of  their 
occurrence;  the  draft  order  also  includes  provisions  for 
the  situation  where,  during  the  investigation  action,  no 
contraventions are found. 

ANRE Order no. 101/2022 amending and supplementing the 
Procedure  for  the  establishment  and  individualization  of 
fines based on turnover, by ANRE’s Regulatory Committee, 
following investigative actions, approved by ANRE Order 
no. 13/2022 - in force from 4 August 2022

-  to complete the Procedure with the situations in which the 
Regulatory  Committee  establishes  and  individualizes  the 
sanctions by reference to the turnover of the investigated 
legal  entity,  and  for  the  contraventions  for  which  the 
investigation  team,  as  investigating  agents,  applies  the 
provisions of art. 12 para. (2) of the OG no. 2/12 July 2001 
on  the  legal  regime  of  contraventions,  approved  with 
amendments  and  additions  by  Law  no.  180/2002,  with 
subsequent  amendments  and  additions,  proposing  to 
sanction the investigated market participant with a fine in 
relation to its turnover;

-  correlation with the provisions of ANRE Order no. 25/2017, 

as amended and supplemented.

ANRE Order no. 120/2022 on the amendment and completion 
of  the  Regulation  on  the  detection,  notification  and 
sanctioning of violations of regulations issued in the field 
of energy applicable to the investigation activities carried 
out  by  ANRE,  approved  by  ANRE  Order  no.  62/2013  -  in 
force from 5 October 2022

-  Completion  and  amendment  of  the  Regulation, 

in 
accordance  with  the  legal  provisions  in  force,  as  a  result 
of the amendments made to the Law, i.e. by Order 25/2017 
and Order 13/2022.

ANRE Order no. 143/2022 amending and supplementing the 
Regulation on the detection, notification and sanctioning 

of  violations  of  regulations  issued  in  the  field  of  energy 
applicable  to  the  control  activities  carried  out  by  ANRE, 
approved  by  ANRE  Order  no.  62/2013,  with  subsequent 
amendments  and  additions  -  in  force  from  28  December 
2022

-  amendment  and  completion  of  the  Regulation  provides 
that  the  documents  preceding  the  control  action,  during 
the  control  action  or  resulting  from  the  completion  of 
the control action, such as, but not limited to: the control 
warrant, the control notice, the control report, the referral 
note,  the  sanction  warrant,  the  sanction  invitation,  etc. 
can be drawn up and communicated both in written and 
electronic format.

f) Primary legislation:

f) Primary legislation:

-  On 24 July 2020, Law no. 155/24 July 2020 amending and 

supplementing Law 123/10 July 2012 was approved:

-  OD  have  the  obligation  to  ensure  the  financing  and  the 
realization  within  90  days  of  the  connections  of  non-
household customers with length under 2,500 m;

-  On 19 December 2020, Law no. 290/15 December 2020 
amending  and  supplementing  Law  123/10  July  2012 
entered into force:
o  the  obligation  for  the  DSO  to  finance  the  connection 
works for domestic customers and to recover the con-
nection  costs  through  the  distribution  tariffs,  with  a 
5-year  amortization  period,  in  accordance  with  ANRE 
regulations.

Energy Law no. 123/2012 - amended by GEO no. 143/2021 - 

in force since 31 December 2021  

-  new ME tasks: approve the development plans of the OTS 
and  the  DSO  in  terms  of  ensuring  consistency  with  the 
provisions of the energy strategy and NESCAP 2021-2030; 
approve the reliability standard;

-  On  the  wholesale  market,  directly  negotiated  bilateral 

- 

transactions can be concluded at any time;
In the case of the final domestic customer, in order to issue 
the regularisation invoice, the DSO is obliged to ensure the 
reading of the metering group index at a time interval of 
maximum 3 months.

-  Each  DSO  acts  as  a  neutral  market  facilitator  in  the 
procurement  of  electricity  for  the  coverage  of  NL, 
according to transparent, non-discriminatory and market-
based procedures, in compliance with ANRE regulations.
-  domestic connection - In the case of domestic customers, 
upon commissioning of the connection works carried out, 
the DSO will reimburse the applicant for the actual value 
of  the  connection  design  and  execution  works,  up  to  an 
average  value  of  a  connection,  established  according  to 
a  methodology  approved  by  ANRE.  The  assets  resulting 
from  the  connection  works  become  the  property  of  the 
distribution operator from the moment of commissioning, 
through the effect of this law, at the value reimbursed to 
the  household  customer,  being  recognised  by  ANRE  as 
part of the regulated asset base.

-  non-household connection - In the case of non-household 
customers, the cost of the connection work, including the 
design  of  the  connection/connection,  is  borne  entirely 
by them. The assets resulting from the connection works 
become  part  of  the  assets  of  the  distribution  operator 
from the moment of commissioning, by the effect of this 
law,  without  being  recognized  by  ANRE  as  part  of  the 
regulated asset base - if the final customers do not have 
SMI, the DSO provides them with individual conventional 
meters that accurately measure their actual consumption. 
DSO  ensures  that  end  customers  have  the  possibility 
to  easily  read  their  conventional  meters,  either  directly 
or  indirectly,  through  an  online  interface  or  through 
another suitable interface that does not require a physical 
connection to the meter.

GEO no. 84/2021 - in force from 6 August 2021
-  Repeals the provision of Article 72, paragraph (1) of GEO 

Energy Law no. 123/2012 - amended by GEO no. 143/2021 
- in force since 31 December 2021, approved and amended 
by  Law  no.  248/2022,  in  force  starting  with  25  July  2022, 
providing among others:

-  the  possibility  of  concluding  directly  negotiated  bilateral 

transactions;

-  obligation  for  the  DSO  to  ensure  the  reading  of  the 
metering  group  index  for  domestic  end  customers  at  a 
maximum interval of 3 months;

-  the  role  of  the  DSO  as  a  neutral  market  facilitator  in 
the  purchase  of  electricity  to  cover  NL,  according  to 
transparent, 
and  market-based 
non-discriminatory 
procedures, in compliance with ANRE regulations;

-  domestic connection - In the case of domestic customers, 
upon commissioning of the connection works carried out, 
the  DSO  will  reimburse  the  applicant  the  actual  value  of 
the design and execution works of the connection, up to 
an  average  value  of  a  connection,  established  according 
to a methodology approved by ANRE. The assets resulting 
from  the  connection  works  become  the  property  of  the 
distribution operator from the moment of commissioning, 
through the effect of this law, at the value reimbursed to 
the  household  customer,  being  recognised  by  ANRE  as 
part of the regulated asset base.

-  non-household connection - In the case of non-household 
customers, the cost of the connection work, including the 
design of the connection/connection, is borne entirely by 
the  customer.  The  assets  resulting  from  the  connection 
works:
o  between 1 January and 24 July 2022, it enters the dis-
tribution  operator’s  patrimony  from  the  moment  of 
commissioning,  based  on  GEO  no.  143/2021,  without 
being recognized by ANRE as part of the regulated as-
set base;

- 

o  starting  with  25  July  2022,  it  does  not  enter  the  pat-
rimony  of  the  distribution  operator,  based  on  Law  no. 
248/2022  and  ANRE  Order  no.  133/2022,  they  are 
transferred only for exploitation to the distribution op-
erator;

in case the final customers do not have SM, DSO provides 
them with individual conventional meters that accurately 
measure  their  real  consumption.  DSO  ensures  that  end 
customers  can  easily  read  their  conventional  meters, 
either directly or indirectly, through an online interface or 
other appropriate interface that does not involve physical 
connection to the meter.

-  ANRE has the obligation to issue the regulations provided 
in  the  Law  within  the  terms  expressly  provided  from  the 
date of entry into force of the Law (60 days or 6 months).
Law no. 259/29 October 2021 for the approval of GEO no. 
118/2021 on the establishment of a compensation scheme 
for the consumption of electricity and natural gas for the 
cold  season  2021-2022,  as  well  as  for  the  completion  of 
Government  Ordinance  no.  27/1996  on  the  granting  of 
facilities  to  people  living  or  working  in  some  localities 
in  the  Apuseni  Mountains  and  in  the  „Danube  Delta” 
Biosphere Reserve   

-  For the period 1 November 2021 - 31 March 2022, a support 

.

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

no.  70/2020,  according  to  which  the  DO  and  the  OTS 
ensure the continuity of electricity supply in the alert state.
-  The suspension of the provision of services corresponding 
to  the  non-payment  of  outstanding  debts  may  not  take 
place earlier than 90 days after the entry into force of GEO 
No 84/2021.

- 

Law  no.  259/29  October  2021  for  the  approval  of  GEO 
no.  118/2021  on  the  establishment  of  a  compensation 
scheme for the consumption of electricity and natural 
gas  for  the  cold  season  2021-2022,  as  well  as  for  the 
completion  of  Government  Ordinance  no.  27/1996  on 
the  granting  of  facilities  to  people  living  or  working 
in some localities in the Apuseni Mountains and in the 
„Danube Delta” Biosphere Reserve  

- 

-  For  the  period  1  November  2021  -  31  March  2022  a 
support scheme has been established for the payment of 
bills related to the consumption of ee and gn for several 
categories of final customers.
In order to regularize the amounts related to the support 
scheme, the electricity/natural gas distribution operators 
have  the  obligation,  in  the  period  April-June  2022,  in 
addition  to  the  readings  established  according  to  the 
regulations in force, to carry out the meter index reading 
of  the  final  customers  who  benefited  from  the  support 
scheme and to communicate to the electricity/natural gas 
suppliers their measurement data.

-  Exempting  certain  categories  of  small  consumers  (SMEs, 
small and medium-sized enterprises) from the payment of 
distribution tariffs, transmission tariffs, green certificates, 
contribution  for  high  efficiency  cogeneration  and  excise 
duty.

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scheme  for  the  payment  of  electricity  and  gas  bills  has 
been established for several categories of final customers.
In order to regularize the amounts related to the support 
scheme, the electricity/natural gas distribution operators 
have  the  obligation,  in  the  period  April-June  2022,  in 
addition  to  the  readings  established  according  to  the 
regulations in force, to carry out the meter index reading 
of  the  final  customers  who  benefited  from  the  support 
scheme and to communicate to the electricity/natural gas 
suppliers their measurement data.

-  Exempting  certain  categories  of  small  consumers  (SMEs, 
PFAs) from the payment of distribution tariffs, transmission 
tariffs,  green  certificates,  contribution  for  high-efficiency 
cogeneration and excise duties. 

Emergency  Ordinance  no.  3/2022  amending  and 
supplementing  Government  Emergency  Ordinance  no. 
118/2021 for domestic customers increases the maximum 
consumption limit from 1500 kWh to 1900 kWh (380kWh/
month) - in force from 26 January 2022

-  for  household  customers  in  the  period  1  February  2022 
-  31  March  2022  the  final  invoiced  price  of  electricity  is 
capped  at  0.8  RON/kWh,  VAT  included,  (compared  to  1 
RON/kWh),  of  which  the  energy  price  component  is  a 
maximum of 0.336 RON/kWh (compared to 0.525 RON/
kWh);

-  for  non-household  customers  in  the  period  1  February 
2022 - 31 March 2022 the final invoiced price of electricity 
is capped at a maximum of 1 RON/kWh, VAT included, of 
which the energy price component is a maximum of 0.525 
RON/kWh

-  OD have the obligation, during the period April-June 2022, 
in  addition  to  the  readings  established  according  to  the 
regulations in force, to carry out meter index readings on 
domestic  customers  and  to  transmit  their  measurement 
data to the electricity/natural gas suppliers.

Emergency Ordinance no. 27/2022 on measures applicable 
to final customers in the electricity and natural gas market 
in the period 1 April 2022 - 31 March 2023 - in force since 
22  March  2022,  approved  by  Law  no.  206/11  July  2022, 
amended by GEO no. 192/2022

-  to  cover  the  additional  costs  related  to  NL  2021,  ANRE 
modifies the regulated tariffs, applicable from 1 April 2022. 
-  The resulting tariffs will not change between 1 April 2022 

and 31 March 2023.

-  additional  costs  financed  from  bank  loans  made  during 
the period of the GEO to cover the NL are capitalized, with 
a duration of 5 years and RRR = 50% x RRR PR4. 

-  electricity costs purchased for NL after the date of entry 
into force of the GEO will be recognized in the regulated 
tariffs, according to ANRE methodologies.

-  transmission  and  distribution  tariffs  will  be  adjusted  to 
reflect costs incurred up to 31 March 2023 for a period of 
up to 5 years after 31 March 2023.

-  the producers in the Romanian state portfolio are obliged 
to respond within 5 working days with partial or total sales 
offers  to  the  requests  for  energy  purchase  addressed  by 
the OTSs and ODs, individually or in aggregate, directly or 
through the dedicated platforms of the organized market. 
Failure  to  comply  with  the  provision  shall  be  sanctioned 
with a fine of RON 100.000 ÷ 400.000.

-  The provisions of the GEO apply until 31 March 2025.
Emergency  Ordinance  no. 

119/2022  amending  and 
supplementing  GEO  no.  27/2022  on  the  measures 
applicable to end customers in the electricity and natural 
gas market during the period 1 April 2022-31 March 2023, 
as well as amending and supplementing certain regulatory 
acts in the field of energy - in force since 1 September 2022. 
approved and amended by Law no. 357/16 December 2022
-  additional  costs  for  the  purchase  of  electricity,  made 
between 1 January 2022 and 31 August 2023, to cover the 
NL, compared to the costs included in the regulated tariffs 
(and not only the loans), are capitalised quarterly, RRR = 
50% of the RRR applicable to each period;

-  electricity  generators  are  obliged  to  sell  available 

electricity with delivery until 31 December 2022, through 
direct  negotiated  contracts  starting  from  1  September 
2022,  only  to  electricity  suppliers  with  end  customers  in 
their portfolio, intended exclusively for their consumption, 
OD,  OTS  and  consumers  who  have  benefited  from  the 
provisions of GEO 81/2019.
Emergency  Ordinance  no. 

153/2022  amending  and 
supplementing  Government  Emergency  Ordinance  no. 
27/2022 on the measures applicable to end customers in the 
electricity and natural gas market during the period 1 April 
2022-31 March 2023, as well as amending and supplementing 
certain regulatory acts in the field of energy and amending 
Government Emergency Ordinance no. 119/2022 amending 
and supplementing Government Emergency Ordinance no. 
27/2022  on  the  measures  applicable  to  end  customers  in 
the electricity and natural gas market between 1 April 2022 
and 31 March 2023, as well as amending and supplementing 
certain regulatory acts in the field of energy - in force since 
11 November 2022

-  for the period from 1 January 2023 to 31 March 2025, the 
centralised electricity purchase mechanism is established
-  OPCOM is designated as the single buyer, it buys electricity 
from  the  designated  producers  and  sells  the  purchased 
electricity to electricity suppliers who have contracts with 
end  customers,  electricity  transmission  system  operators 
and  electricity  distribution  operators,  to  cover  their  own 
technological  consumption  of  the  networks  operated  by 
them.

-  OD can buy from OPCOM by annual/monthly mechanism 
75%  of  the  quantity  of  NL  forecast  and  validated  by 
ANRE  at  the  price  of  450  lei/MWh,  and  producers  can 
sell  to  OPCOM  annual/monthly  mechanism  80%  of  the 
quantity  produced  forecast  and  validated  by  ANRE  and 
Transelectrica at the price of 450 lei/MWh.

g) Alignment with the European legislation - EU Regulation 

g) Alignment with the European legislation - EU Regulation 

no. 943/2019:

15 minutes settlement

no. 943/2019:

N/A

ANRE Order no. 27/31 March 2021 - ANRE orders amendment 
-  settlement  interval  (SI)  to  15  minutes  -  in  force  since  1st 
April 2021:

-  the  amendment  of  ANRE  orders  containing  references 
to  trading/delivery/settlement  intervals  lasting  one  hour, 
with the intent to modify by using the phrase “settlement 
interval”  and  setting  the  duration  of  this  interval  to  15 
minutes.  The  settlement  interval  is  one  hour  until  1  July 
2021, respectively 15 minutes, starting with 1 July 2021.

Electricity market functioning

Electricity market functioning

ANRE Order no. 26/31 March 2021 for the amendment of art. 
VII of the ANRE Order no. 65/2020 - in force since 1st April 
2021

- 

long-term  supply  contract  means  any  contract  with  a 
delivery duration equal to or higher than one month;

Draft order approving the balancing clauses and conditions 

- public debate - phase III:

-  the purchase by the OTS, on the European trading platforms 
for balancing energy, of energy from the balancing service 
providers from EU member countries;

-  separate  activation  by  direction  of  the  balancing  energy 
from  the  frequency  restoration  reserve  with  automatic 
activation  (RRFa  =  the  new  term  used  to  define  the 
secondary setting);

-  the use of standard balancing energy products within each 
European balancing energy platform, which have the same 
static  characteristics  for  all  balancing  service  providers 
from each EU member state;

-  considering,  in  the  internal  balancing  market  settlement, 
the unintentional electricity trade between state members;
-  the  emergence  of  the  capacity  market  for  frequency 

ANRE  Order  no.  128/2021  -  Order  approving  the  Rules  for 
the suspension and restoration of market activities and the 
applicable Settlement Rules - in force from 1 October 2022:
-  to  determine  the  situations  and  conditions  under  which 
the  OTS  can  suspend  market  activities  with  mitigating 
impact on PZU and PI energy market coupling; 
identification  of  the  market  activities  that  can  be 
suspended  and  the  procedure  for  their  suspension  and 
reinstatement: steps, role and responsibilities of the OTS/
designated electricity market operator/factors involved; 
-  communication procedure detailing the tasks and actions 

- 

to be carried out by each party

-  suspension  during  the  period  of  collapse  and  restoration 
from collapse of the SEN of all wholesale market contracts 
(including transactions concluded on the DAM and IM), and 
the sale/purchase to be carried out at a single restoration 
price,  i.e.  the  settlement  procedure  applicable  in  these 
situations  and  the  procedure  for  making  payments  and 
contesting the settlement.

-  the  order  will  apply  from  1  October  2022,  the  date  from 

which ANRE Order no. 23/2016 is repealed.

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

recovery reserves (RSF = the new term used to define the 
setting);

-  enters into force starting with 1st October 2022;
-  the  ODs  collaborates  and  elaborates,  following  a  public 
consultation  process,  a  unique  procedure  regarding  the 
way of establishing, verifying, confirming by the involved 
parties,  and  implementing  the  way  of  aggregating  the 
measured  values  related  to  a  BM,  which  each  DSO  then 
publishes on its own website within three months from the 
publication of the order.

ANRE  Order  no.  128/2021  -  Order  for  the  approval  of 
suspension and re-establishment Rules of market activities 
and for the applicable settlement Rules - in force since 1 
October 2022:  

- 

-  determining  the  situations  and  conditions  in  which  TSO 
can suspend market activities with diminishing the impact 
on the coupling of DAM (PZU) and IM (PI) energy markets;
identification  of  the  market  activities  that  can  be 
suspended  and  of  the  procedure  of  their  suspension 
and  restoration:  stages,  role,  and  responsibilities  TSO  / 
designated electricity market operator/factors involved;
-  the  communication  procedure  detailing  the  tasks  and 

ANRE Order no. 65/2022 approving the Regulation on the 
organised  framework  for  electricity  contracting  by  large 
end customers - in force since 1 April 2022

-  expanding  market  participation  by  accepting  OTS  and 
ODs, their participation in the market is exclusively for the 
purchase of NL;

-  application  of  the  regulation  inclusive  of  producers  to 

whom the measures of GEO No 27/2022 apply;

-  use of standard or EFET-type contracts;
-  reduction  of  the  average  power  per  settlement  interval 
from  10  MW  to  5  MW,  for  a  better  profiling  of  the  final 
customers’ offers;

-  the  possibility  for  the  initiator  to  choose  to  vary  the 
contracted  power  per  settlement  interval  by  a  maximum 
of 0.5 MW per settlement interval;

-  minimum delivery duration of one month;
-  the option of full/partial trading of the initiator offer.
ANRE  Order  no.  73/2022  -  amending  ANRE  Order  no. 
65/2022  approving  the  Regulation  on  the  organised 
framework for the contracting of electricity by large end 
customers - in force since 12 May 2022

-  the  possibility  of  introducing  initiating  offers  also  by 

actions that each party must perform;

producers participating in the market;

-  the  suspension  during  the  collapse  period  and  the 
restoration  from  the  collapse  of  SEN  of  all  contracts  on 
the  wholesale  market  (including  transactions  concluded 
on  DAM(PZU)  and  IM(PI)),  and  its  sale/acquisition  will 
be  made  at  a  single  restoration  price,  respectively  the 
settlement method applicable in these situations and the 
way of making payments and contesting the settlement.
-  the order will be applied to start with the 1 October 2022, 
the date from which the ANRE Order no. 23/2016 repeals.
ANRE  Order  3/2021  approving  the  Regulation  on  the 
organization and operation of the online supplier change 
platform  (POSF)  and  for  contracting  the  supply  of 
electricity and natural gas - in force since 28 August 2022  
-  The  online  platform  (POSF)  is  unique  at  the  national 
level, end customers and economic operators involved in 
changing the supplier and contracting the supply have the 
obligation to use exclusively this platform.
Implementation  of  the  platform  starting  on  28  August 
2022.

- 

-  Duration of the supplier change process 24 hours
-  The client is obliged to register the self-read index in POSF
-  The client uploads the self-read index at the beginning of 
the supplier change process and a second self-read index 
at  the  date  of  the  actual  change  of  the  supplier.  If  the 
end  customer  does  not  upload  the  index  on  the  date  of 
the actual change of the supplier, DSO has the obligation 
to  register  in  POSF,  within  5  days  from  the  date  of  the 
actual  change  of  the  supplier  by  the  end  customer,  the 
index read by DSO or provided by the system. intelligent 
measurement.

-  The  regulation  details:  how  the  POSF  is  organized  and 
operated,  the  content  of  the  POSF  database,  the  data 
needed to create the POSF access account, the rights and 
obligations  of  POSF  users,  the  rules  for  concluding  the 
supply contract, the actual supplier change procedure.
-  ANRE  is  the  administrator  and  operator  of  the  Online 
Platform intended for the change by the final customer of 
the electricity and/or natural gas (POSF) supplier
In  the  period  between  the  date  of  entry  into  force  of 
the  Order  and  August  28,  2022,  all  economic  operators 
are  obliged  to  comply  with  any  ANRE  requests  for  the 
realization and implementation of POSF.

- 

-  deletion of the specification that large end-use electricity 
customer  includes  transmission  system  operator  and 
distribution system operators that purchase, individually or 
in aggregation, electricity to cover their own technological 
consumption  in  the  networks  they  operate,  in  order 
to  avoid  resale  by  operators  of  electricity  purchased 
on  this  market,  based  on  the  license  they  hold.  They 
can  participate  in  the  market  from  the  position  of  final 
customer, which, according to the definition in the Energy 
Law, is any natural or legal person who buys electricity for 
their own consumption.

ANRE  Order  no.  3/2022  approving  the  Regulation  on  the 
organization  and  operation  of  the  online  platform  for 
changing supplier (POSF) and for contracting the supply 
of  electricity  and  natural  gas  -  in  force  since  28  August 
2022

-  The online platform (POSF) is unique at national level, end 
customers  and  economic  operators  involved  in  changing 
supplier  and  contracting  supply  are  obliged  to  use  this 
platform exclusively.
Implementation of the platform starts on 28 August 2022.

- 
-  Duration of the switching process 24 hours 
-  The customer is obliged to register the self-quoted index 

in POSF

-  The customer uploads the self-read index at the initiation 
of  the  supplier  change  process  and  a  second  self-read 
index  at  the  date  of  the  actual  supplier  change.  If  the 
end customer does not upload the index at the effective 
supplier  changeover  date,  the  DSO  is  obliged  to  register 
in  the  POSF,  within  5  days  from  the  effective  supplier 
changeover date by the end customer, the index read by 
the DSO or provided by the smart metering system.

-  The  regulation  details:  the  organization  and  operation 
of the POSF, the content of the POSF database, the data 
required  to  create  an  access  account  in  the  POSF,  the 
rights  and  obligations  of  POSF  users,  the  rules  on  the 
conclusion  of  the  supply  contract,  the  actual  procedure 
for changing supplier.

-  ANRE  is  the  administrator  and  operator  of  the  online 
platform  for  end-customers  to  change  their  electricity 
and/or gas supplier (POSF).

-  During  the  period  between  the  date  of  entry  into  force 
of the Order and 28 August 2022, all economic operators 
are  obliged  to  comply  with  any  ANRE  requests  for  the 
realization and implementation of the POSF.

ANRE  Order  no.  109/2022  amending  and  supplementing 
ANRE  Order  no.  3/2022  approving  the  Regulation  on 
the organisation and operation of the online platform for 
changing  the  electricity  and  natural  gas  supplier  and  for 
contracting  the  supply  of  electricity  and  natural  gas  -  in 
force since 24 August 2022

-  to change the date of application of the Regulation from 
28 August 2022 to 10 October 2022; by way of derogation, 
the  provisions  relating  to  the  registration  in  the  POSF  of 
the  information  that  ORs  and  suppliers  are  obliged  to 
register  in  accordance  with  the  Regulation  shall  apply 
from 28 August 2022; 

ANRE  Order  no.  79/2022  -  approving  the  Regulation  on 
the organization and functioning of the electricity futures 
market  organized  by  Bursa  Romana  de  Marfuri  S.A.  -  in 
force since 10 June 2022

-  This draft order aims to establish an organized framework 
for  electricity  trading  on  the  Electricity  Futures  Market, 
through  electronic  trading  platforms  managed  by  Bursa 
Romana de Marfuri S.A (BRM).

ANRE Order 117/2022 for the approval of the Regulation for 
the organization and functioning of the forward electricity 
contracts  market  organized  by  Bursa  Romana  de  Marfuri 
S.A. - in force since 1 October 2022, exception art. 2

-  repeals Order No. 79/2022, introducing new products for 
trading:  (i)  multiple  of  a  day,  i.e.  the  entire  period  of  at 
least 2 consecutive delivery days starting at the earliest on 
the  second  calendar  day  following  the  day  a  transaction 
is closed; the product is tradable only with delivery in the 
band; (ii) 1 week; the product is tradable only with delivery 
in the band; (iii) balance of the month, i.e. the period made 
up  of  the  remaining  delivery  days  of  a  current  calendar 
month, starting on the second calendar day following the 
day  a  transaction  is  closed;  the  product  is  tradable  only 
with delivery in the band.

-  art.  2  -  The  BRM  shall  update,  by  1  October  2022,  the 
implement  the 

operational  procedures  necessary  to 
Regulation 

ANRE  Order  no.  92/2022 

-  order  amending  and 
supplementing  the  Regulation  on  the  calculation  and 
settlement  of  imbalances  of  the  parties  responsible  for 
balancing  -  single  imbalance  price,  approved  by  ANRE 
Order no. 213/2020 and amending some ANRE orders - in 
force since 1 July 2022.

-  new articles on how to allocate additional costs/revenues 

- 

- 

from balancing the system;
it is proposed to reduce from 6 months to 2 months the 
period  in  which  the  participant  can  request  a  reasoned 
correction  of  the  settlement  from  the  posting  of  the 
information  note  for  settlement  on  the  dedicated  IT 
platform;
implementation of the 400 kW installed capacity limit for 
prosumers,  from  which  the  supplier  no  longer  assumes 
responsibility for balancing;

-  the order applies from 1 July 2022 in which the calculations 
for the settlement of imbalances of the PRE for the delivery 
month June 2022 are made.

ANRE Order no. 121/2022 amending some ANRE orders on 

the electricity market - in force since 1 October 2022

the  balancing  party 

-  ANRE Order no. 127/2021 shall enter into force on the date 
of publication and shall apply from 1 October 2023, with 
the exception of: (i) for the period 1 May 2023-1 September 
2023, 
settlement 
operator  shall,  starting  from  May  2023,  perform  monthly 
simulations  for  the  calculation  of  the  balancing  party 
imbalance  settlement  resulting  from  the  application  of 
the provisions of the Regulation on terms and conditions 
for  balancing  parties  (ii)  technical  amendments  to  the 
Technical  Qualification  Procedure  for  the  provision  of 
system  services,  approved  by  ANRE  Order  no.  89/2021, 
which apply from the date of entry into force

imbalance 

-  ANRE Order no. 128/2021 applies from 1 October 2023, to 

align with the provisions of ANRE Order no. 127/2021.

Order  no.  134/2022  approving  the  General  General  Rules 
on Organised Electricity Futures Markets - in force from 3 
November 2022

-  to  simplify  the  organised  framework  for  electricity 
contracting,  by  drawing  up  a  framework  regulation  with 
general provisions, on the basis of which each electricity 
market  operator  will  draw  up  specific  rules  for  the 

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organisation and management of its own markets;

-  ensure  the  creation  of  a  general  framework  with 
requirements applicable to all electricity market operators 
to  ensure  transparency  and  non-discrimination.  On  the 
basis of these general rules, operators shall draw up their 
specific conditions of participation.

Regulation (EU) 2022/1854 of 6 October 2022 on emergency 

action to tackle high energy prices:  

-  reduce consumption by a target 5% during peak hours
-  180 Euro/MWh threshold for solar, nuclear, hydro, wind and 
lignite  production  mainly;  revenues  above  this  threshold 
will be collected by the state

-  solidarity  mechanism  -33%  of  profits  in  fiscal  year  2022, 
if there is an increase of more than 20% compared to the 
2018-2021 average

-  The funds obtained on the last two points will be redirected 
to  domestic  consumers,  companies  in  difficulty,  reduced 
tariffs or social aid.

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A.3.1.2 Supply activity

In  2021,  with  an  impact  on  the  electricity  and  gas  supply 

In  2022,  with  an  impact  on  the  electricity  and  gas  supply 

activity, the following regulations were adopted:

activity, the following regulations were adopted:

2022

2023

a. Primary legislation:

a. Primary legislation:

GEO  no.  143/2021  amending  the  Law  on  Electricity  and 

Natural Gas no. 123/2012:

-  The  ordinance  mainly  aims  at  transposing  Directive  (EU) 
2019/944  on  the  internal  electricity  market,  including 
amendments/completions concerning mainly:

-  provision of universal service (US): by any supplier in the 
competitive  market  (by  providing  for  the  obligation  to 
make  offers  for  US  and  provide  US  on  request),  only  to 
household customers;

-  electricity  supply  prices:  deletion  of  the  provisions  on 
regulating/regulating  supply  prices  to  final  customers; 
mention,  however,  of  the  possibility  of  interventions  in 
price formation to protect vulnerable customers or those 
in  energy  poverty,  subject  to  certain  conditions  and 
notification to the European Commission;

-  wholesale electricity market: removal of the obligation for 
transactions  on  this  market  to  be  carried  out  in  a  public 
and  centralised  manner;  the  new  provisions  explicitly 
mention “directly negotiated bilateral transactions”;

-  obligations (miscellaneous) suppliers: repeal of provisions 
on the establishment of single physical contact points at 
max. 50 km for universal service customers;

-  (miscellaneous)  supplier  rights: 

introduction  of  the 
possibility for suppliers to charge end customers (without 
distinction)  fees  for  the  termination  of  fixed-term,  fixed-
price supply contracts in case of early termination by the 
customer;  introduction  of  the  possibility  to  charge  a  fee 
for changing supplier, except for household customers and 
small businesses;

-  Change  of  electricity  supplier:  introduction  of  a  24-hour 
switching  period  until  2026  and  on  any  working  day; 
provision of the right for customers to collectively change 
supplier;

-  Electricity  standard  offers/price  comparators:  extending 
suppliers’  obligations  to  prepare  standard  offers  and 
upload them to ANRE’s price comparator to include micro-
enterprises  (i.e.  enterprises  with  less  than  10  employees 
and  whose  annual  turnover  and/or  annual  balance  sheet 
total  does  not  exceed  €2  mn.)  with  an  estimated  annual 
consumption below 100,000 kWh;

-  misleading/unfair commercial practices in the electricity/
natural  gas  supply  activity:  maintaining  the  infringement 
ascertained  by  ANRE  only  in  relation  to  non-household 
customers  and  eliminating  the  correlative  fine  for  non-
compliance  from  the  turnover  and  replacing  it  with  a 
lump  sum  fine;  in  relation  to  household  customers,  the 
infringement will be ascertained by the National Authority 
for Consumer Protection (ANPC); 

-  Electricity and gas billing: obligation to issue regularization 
invoice  for  domestic  customers  once  every  3  months 
maximum,  contravention  for  non-compliance,  sanctioned 
with fine;

-  prohibition  of  electricity  disconnection: 

introduction 
of  the  possibility  for  ANRE  to  provide  for  other  cases 
of  disconnection  than  those  provided  for  vulnerable 
customers;

-  offences:  return  to  the  definition  of  a  repeated  offence 
as involving the commission of the same offence at least 
twice within 12 consecutive months (compared to at least 
twice previously);

-  prosumers: introduction of quantitative compensation (as 
opposed to exclusively financial compensation previously), 
increased power limits.

Law No 226/2021 on the establishment of social protection 

measures for vulnerable energy consumers:
-  the law came into force on 1 November 2021;
-  the  financial  measures  provided  for  the  protection  of 

GEO  no.  118/2021  on  the  establishment  of  a  compensation 
scheme for electricity and natural gas consumption for the 
2021-2022  cold  season,  approved  with  amendments  and 
additions by Law no. 259/2021:

-  The planned support scheme will be applied for the period 
November 2021 - March 2022 and was established in the 
context of rising prices on the electricity and natural gas 
markets  at  international  level,  as  well  as  the  effects  of 
these increases for the Romanian population;

-  the following consumer support schemes are provided:
-  compensation for household customers if they fall within 
the  maximum  consumption  limits  set  for  the  entire 
period of application (i.e. 1,500 kWh for electricity, 1,000 
m3  for  natural  gas),  respectively  monthly  and  within  the 
reference price of 0.68 lei/kWh for electricity, respectively 
125 lei/MWh for natural gas; the amount of compensation 
is 0.291 lei/kWh for electricity, respectively 33% of the bill 
for natural gas;

-  exemption  from  payment  of  regulated  tariffs,  other 
contributions and excise duty for SMEs, individual medical 
practices  and  other  liberal  professions,  microenterprises, 
licensed  natural  persons,  sole  proprietorships,  family 
enterprises  (i.e.  regulated 
feed-in/withdrawal  tariffs, 
distribution  tariff,  system  service  tariff,  transmission 
tariff,  green  certificates,  contribution  for  high  efficiency 
cogeneration and excise duty - for electricity; transmission 
cost, distribution tariff and excise duty - for natural gas);
-  capping of the final invoiced price to a maximum of 1 leu/
kWh,  of  which  the  electricity  price  component  of  max. 
0.525  lei/kWh  for  electricity,  respectively  a  maximum  of 
0.37  lei/kWh,  of  which the gas price component of max. 
0,250  lei/kWh  for  natural  gas  for  household  customers, 
public and private hospitals, public and private educational 
establishments 
non-governmental 
organisations, religious establishments, public and private 
social service providers;

nurseries, 

and 

-  suspension  of  bill  payments  -  on  request,  only  for 
vulnerable  consumers,  for  a  period  of  min.  1  month  and 
max. 6 months;

-  Mechanisms  are  also  provided  for  the  settlement  of 
amounts  related  to  support  schemes  from  the  state 
budget to electricity and gas suppliers.

GEO  no.  2/2022  on  the  establishment  of  social  protection 
measures for employees and other professional categories 
in  the  context  of  prohibition,  suspension  or  limitation  of 
economic activities, caused by the epidemiological situation 
generated by the spread of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, as well 
as for the modification and completion of some normative 
acts:

-  The ordinance provides for amendments and additions to 

GEO No 118/2021 as follows:

-  extending  the  scope  of  the  ceiling  by  including  in  the 
category  of  beneficiaries  also  public  cultural  institutions 
and  cultural  establishments  subordinated  to  central  and 
local public administration authorities;

-  prohibition to disconnect or interrupt, until 30 June 2022, 
the  electricity  supply  for  non-payment  of  household 
customers;

-  provision, in the case of invoices that do not comply with 
the legal provisions on the application of support schemes 
(compensation,  exemption,  capping),  for  their  automatic 
reissue within a maximum of 15 days from the date of issue. 
For invoices already issued, the deadline for their reissue 
is 15 days after the entry into force of this GEO, i.e. until 3 
February 2022 (inclusive). The execution of the payment 
obligation for invoices in the process of being recalculated 
is also suspended until new invoices are issued.

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2022

2023

2022

2023

vulnerable consumers are: aid for heating the home during 
the cold season, i.e. 1 November - 31 March (max. 500 lei/
month  for  electricity  and  250  lei/month  for  natural  gas); 
the energy supplement granted throughout the year (30 
lei/month for lighting and 70 lei/month if the only source 
of energy used is electricity, and 10 lei/month for natural 
gas); the amounts corresponding to both types of aid are 
paid directly to suppliers and deducted from the bill;

-  the  financial  protection  mentioned  above  benefits 
consumers who meet the income eligibility criteria. Thus, 
the average monthly net income up to which heating aid 
is granted is 1,386 lei/person, in the case of a family, and 
2,053 lei, in the case of a single person.

GEO  no.  118/2021  on  the  establishment  of  a  compensation 
scheme for electricity and natural gas consumption for the 
2021-2022  cold  season,  approved  with  amendments  and 
additions by Law no. 259/2021:

-  The planned support scheme will be applied for the period 
November 2021 - March 2022 and was established in the 
context of rising prices on the electricity and natural gas 
markets  at  international  level,  as  well  as  the  effects  of 
these increases for the Romanian population;

-  the following consumer support schemes are provided:
-  compensation for household customers if they fall within 
the  maximum  consumption  limits  set  for  the  entire 
period of application (i.e. 1,500 kWh for electricity, 1,000 
m3  for  natural  gas),  respectively  monthly  and  within  the 
reference price of 0.68 lei/kWh for electricity, respectively 
125 lei/MWh for natural gas; the amount of compensation 
is 0.291 lei/kWh for electricity, respectively 33% of the bill 
for natural gas;

-  exemption  from  payment  of  regulated  tariffs,  other 
contributions and excise duty for SMEs, individual medical 
practices  and  other  liberal  professions,  microenterprises, 
licensed  natural  persons,  sole  proprietorships,  family 
enterprises  (i.e.  regulated 
feed-in/withdrawal  tariffs, 
distribution  tariff,  system  service  tariff,  transmission 
tariff,  green  certificates,  contribution  for  high  efficiency 
cogeneration and excise duty - for electricity; transmission 
cost, distribution tariff and excise duty - for natural gas);
-  capping of the final invoiced price to a maximum of 1 leu/
kWh,  of  which  the  electricity  price  component  of  max. 
0.525  lei/kWh  for  electricity,  respectively  a  maximum  of 
0.37 lei/kWh, of which the gas price component  of max. 
0,250  lei/kWh  for  natural  gas  for  household  customers, 
public and private hospitals, public and private educational 
establishments 
non-governmental 
organisations, religious establishments, public and private 
social service providers;

nurseries, 

and 

-  suspension  of  bill  payments  -  on  request,  only  for 
vulnerable  consumers,  for  a  period  of  min.  1  month  and 
max. 6 months;

Mechanisms are also provided for the settlement of amounts 
related  to  support  schemes  from  the  state  budget  to 
electricity and gas suppliers.

Joint Order of the Minister of Labour and Social Protection 
(no. 1.155/25 November 2021), the Minister of Energy (no. 
1.240/25 November 2021) and the Minister of Finance (no. 
1.480/26 November 2021) approving the procedure for the 
settlement  of  the  amounts  related  to  the  compensation 
scheme regulated by GEO no.118/2021: 

-  clarifications  are  provided  on  the  application  of  support 
schemes  and  the  settlement  of  the  related  amounts  to 
suppliers; 

-  compensation  scheme  for  household  customers:  the 
documents  to  be  submitted  by  suppliers  for  settlement 
and the related deadlines are provided;

-  the  scheme  for  exempting  non-household  customers 
from  the  payment  of  regulated  tariffs,  excise  duties, 
contributions,  etc.  -  the  following  are  provided  for:  the 
documents  to  be  submitted  by  suppliers  for  settlement; 
a model application and affidavit; the fact that the benefit 
will be granted from the month of application (except for 
applications submitted in December, for which the benefit 

GEO  no.  3/2022  amending  and  supplementing  GEO  no. 

118/2021:

-  the  following  amendments  and  additions  to  GEO  no. 
118/2021 are provided for, with application from 1 February 
to 31 March 2022:
increasing  the  consumption  margin  for  compensation 
from 300 kWh/month (+10%) to 500 kWh/month (+10%) 
for electricity and from 200 mc/month to 300 mc/month 
for natural gas; 

- 

-  change the price cap for household customers (from 1 leu/
kWh to 0.8 lei/kWh for electricity and from 0.37 lei/kWh 
to 0.31 lei/kWh for natural gas) and introduce a price cap 
for all non-household customers (1 leu/kWh for electricity 
and 0.37 lei/kWh for natural gas);

-  the  cap  still  concerns  both  the  final  price  and  the 
electricity/natural gas purchase component: for household 
customers - 0.8 lei/kWh final price for electricity, of which 
0.336  lei/kWh  electricity  price  component;  0.31  lei/kWh 
final price for natural gas, of which 0.200 lei/kWh natural 
gas  price  component;  for  non-household  customers:  1 
leu/kWh final price for electricity, of which 0.525 lei/kWh 
electricity  price  component;  0.37  lei/kWh  final  price  for 
natural gas, of which 0.250 lei/kWh gas price component;
-  recovery of the capped amounts will be made according 
to  the  thresholds  indicated  above,  in  conjunction  with 
the  period  of  application:  from  1  November  2021  to  31 
January  2022,  by  the  difference  between  the  average 
monthly purchase price and the threshold of 525 lei/MWh 
for  electricity  and  250  lei/MWh  for  natural  gas.  From  1 
February, recovery will be made: for household customers 
- by the difference between the average monthly purchase 
price and the threshold of 336 lei/MWh for electricity and 
200 lei/MWh for natural gas; for non-household customers 
- by the difference between the average monthly purchase 
price  and  the  threshold  of  525  lei  for  electricity  and  250 
lei/MWh for natural gas.

GEO  no.  27/2022  on  the  measures  applicable  to  final 
customers in the electricity and natural gas market during 
the  period  1  April  2022-31  March  2023,  as  well  as  for  the 
amendment and completion of some normative acts in the 
field of energy:

-  the period of application of the support (capping) scheme 

is 1 year, i.e. 1 April 2022 - 31 March 2023.

-  for  electricity  the  final  invoiced  price  is:  maximum  0.68 
lei/kWh (VAT included) for household customers with an 
average monthly consumption (at the place of consumption 
in 2021) less than or equal to 100 kWh, maximum 0.8 lei/
kWh  (VAT  included)  for  household  customers  with  an 
average  monthly  consumption  between  100  kWh  and 
300  kWh  inclusive,  maximum  1  leu/kWh  (VAT  included) 
for  non-household  customers  (household  customers  are 
included according to the average monthly consumption 
in 2021, the capped prices will apply for the whole period 
regardless  of  the  quantity  consumed.  In  the  case  of 
household customers who were not initially included in the 
cap but whose consumption in 2022 is included, suppliers 
issue  regularisation  invoices  in  February  2023  using  the 
capped price for the period in which they consumed).
-  for  natural  gas  the  final  price  invoiced  is:  maximum  0.31 
lei/kWh (VAT included) for domestic customers, maximum 
0.37 lei/kWh (VAT included) for non-household customers 
whose  annual  consumption  of  natural  gas  in  2021  at  the 
place  of  consumption  is  no  more  than  50,000  MWh  and 
for thermal energy producers; 

-  Customers  connected  after  1  January  2022  will  be  billed 
with a ceiling: domestic electricity customers at 0.68 lei/
kWh  (with  minimum  ceiling),  domestic  gas  customers  at 
0.31 lei/kWh (category ceiling), non-household electricity 
customers  at  1  leu/kWh  (category  ceiling)  and  non-
household  gas  customers  at  0.37  lei/kWh  (regardless  of 
consumption);

-  customers  who  do  not  fall  under  the  cap  will  have 
monthly adjustable prices, the variable being a correction 
component  for  the  purchase  price,  so  that  the  cost  of 

will  be  granted  from  November);  the  fact  that,  when 
changing supplier, the compensation is made pro rata;
-  capping  -  it  is  stipulated  that:  the  subscription  (the 
countervalue of the subscription services) is not included 
in the capped final invoiced price (1 leu/kWh for electricity, 
0.37  lei/kWh  for  natural  gas);  the  average  price  in  the 
settlement  formula  refers  to  the  quantities  purchased 
by  each  supplier;  the  difference  for  settlement  will  be 
calculated monthly, followed, at the end of the application 
period, by a regularisation.

GEO  no.  130/2021  on  some  fiscal-budgetary  measures, 
extension of some deadlines, as well as for the amendment 
of some normative acts: 

-  The ordinance provides for amendments and additions to 

GEO No 118/2021 and Law No 259/2021 as follows:

-  settlement  to  suppliers  of  the  amounts  related  to  the 
capping: the average price for all ongoing contracts with 
delivery during the period of application of the scheme will 
be taken into account; the purchase for last resort supply 
will be analysed separately for customers in the portfolio of 
an RUF, so that the quantity of additional energy purchased 
is highlighted; the supporting documents on the basis of 
which  the  compensation/discharge  to  suppliers  will  be 
made  will  be  those  relating  to  the  quantities  and  prices 
of  the  ongoing  purchase  contracts  with  delivery  during 
the period of application of the scheme, respectively the 
quantity  of  electricity/natural  gas  delivered  to  cover  the 
consumption  of  customers  with  capped  prices,  in  the 
portfolio for the period of application.

GD no. 1077/2021 for the approval of the Preventive Action 
Plan on measures to guarantee the security of natural gas 
supply in Romania:

-  there  are  no  substantial  new  elements  compared  to  the 

previous Plan; 

-  the particular obligation of suppliers remains to guarantee 
continuity  of  gas  supply  to  protected  customers  in  the 
three  cases  of  gas  supply  crisis  foreseen,  i.e.  household 
customers, SMEs and providers of essential social services, 
heat  producers,  who  cannot  operate  with  other  fuels 
and  who  supply  heating  to  the  protected  customers 
mentioned; they cannot be interrupted in practice.

With regard to legislation related to the energy sector, in the 
context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the government decided 
to successively extend the state of alert initially established 
in 2020 (by Decision no. 394/2020), by 30 days, as follows: 
starting  13  January  2021,  by  GD  no.  3/2021;  starting  12 
February 2021, by GD no. 35/2021; starting 14 March 2021, by 
GD no. 293/2021; starting 13 April 2021, by GD no. 432/2021; 
as from 13 May 2021, by means of GD no. 531/2021; as from 
12 June 2021, by means of GD no. 636/2021; as from 12 July 
2021, by means of GD no. 730/2021; as from 11 August 2021, 
by means of GD no. 826/2021; as from 10 September 2021, 
by means of GD no. 932/2021; from 10 October 2021, by GD 
No 1090/2021; from 9 November 2021, by GD No 1183/2021; 
from 9 December 2021, by GD No 1242/2021; from 8 January 
2022, by GD No 34/2022.

Correlatively, until 6 August 2021, this implied the application 
of measures with an impact on the electricity and natural gas 
supply activity (i.e. the obligation of electricity and natural 
gas  transmission  and  distribution  operators  to  ensure 
the  continuity  of  service  provision  and,  in  the  event  of  a 
disconnection/disconnection  reason,  the  postponement  of 
this operation until the end of the alert state).

After  6  August  2021,  by  the  entry  into  force  of  GEO  no. 
84/2021,  the  provisions  prohibiting  the  disconnection  of 
electricity  and  natural  gas  end  customers  during  the  alert 
state  were  removed.  As  regards  the  suspension  of  supply 
in case of non-payment of outstanding debts, according to 
GEO no. 84/2021 this measure cannot be taken earlier than 
90 days after the entry into force of GEO no. 84/2021.

the purchase (with PE within 5%) is passed on to the end 
customers. The exception is only the first two months of 
the application period, when the price is not adjustable. At 
the request of final customers, suppliers may also conclude 
supply  contracts  under  conditions  other  than  those  laid 
down in the article referring to uncapped customers.

-  the subscription is included in the cap; if the price in the 
current  contracts  with  end  customers  is  lower  than  the 
capped price, the contract price applies.

-  the  supply  component  is  73  lei/MWh  for  the  electricity 
supply activity and 12 lei/MWh for the natural gas supply 
activity and for the customers taken over in the last resort 
it is 80 lei/MWh for the electricity supply activity and 13.5 
lei/MWh for the natural gas supply activity (the GEO sets 
the  value  of  the  supply  component,  without  specifying 
that it is a maximum).

-  for the purchase of electricity and natural gas, the monthly 
imbalance must not exceed 5% of the value of the energy 
delivered  monthly  to  the  end  customers  in  the  portfolio, 
which  exceeds  this  threshold  will  not  be  recognized  and 
settled; the purchase made for supply in last resort does 
not have balancing costs limited to 5%; the obligation to 
establish  between  1  April  and  31  October  2022  storage 
deposits  of  at  least  30%  of  the  quantity  of  natural  gas 
required  for  the  consumption  of  end  customers  in  its 
portfolio appears

-  the recovery of the capping amounts is fully realized under 
the condition of respecting the limit of 5% of the cost with 
imbalances;  the losses registered from the application of 
the  support  scheme  in  the  period  1  November  2021  -  31 
March  2022  can  also  be  recovered  (a  supply  cost  of  73 
lei/MWh  is  accepted  and  we  have  the  limit  of  the  cost 
with  imbalances  at  5%  of  the  purchase  cost)  -  for  the 
recovery to be at a high level it is necessary to invoice all 
the  consumption,  including  in  the  SoLR  regime,  until  the 
beginning of May.

-  the  supplier  has  the  obligation  to  notify  the  customers 
about  the  changes  resulting  from  the  application  of  the 
provisions of the GEO with the first invoice sent after the 
entry into force (the fine is between RON 100 th. and RON 
400 th.).

-  Fines: between 1-5% of turnover for non-compliance with 
the  cap  and  cost  limits;  between  RON  20  th.  and  RON 
400 th. for non-compliance with the provisions for supply 
as  a  last  resort;  between  RON  100  th.  and  400  RON  th. 
if  we  do  not  inform  end  customers,  if  we  do  not  keep 
differentiated/segmented monthly customer records, if we 
do not identify customers for the application of the cap or 
if we do not submit the documents requested by ANRE.
GEO no. 42/2022 amending and supplementing Government 
Emergency  Ordinance  no.  27/2022  on  the  measures 
applicable  to  end  customers  in  the  electricity  and  natural 
gas market between 1 April 2022 and 31 March 2023, as well 
as amending and supplementing certain regulatory acts in 
the field of energy:

-  the deadline for submission of documents for the recovery 
of amounts capped by the application of GEO 118/2021 is 
extended from 15 May to 15 July 2022

-  ANRE  publishes  reporting  templates  for  the  settlement 
of the capped amounts, templates that are to be filled in 
for  each  category  of  customers  benefiting  from  the  cap 
(average unit costs must be calculated for both regulated 
network tariffs and charges); a fine of 50 thousand lei has 
been introduced for failure to comply with the instructions 
for uploading the templates and for failure to comply with 
the  deadlines  for  rectifying  the  data  uploaded  on  the  IT 
platform  and  for  resubmitting  claims/statements  for 
settlement;
in  the  category  of  non-household  natural  gas  customers 
who  benefit  from  the  cap  are  also  thermal  energy 
producers without exception.

- 

Law  no.  206/2022  for  the  approval  of  Government 
Emergency Ordinance no. 27/2022 on measures applicable 
to end customers in the electricity and natural gas market 

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

2022

2023

2022

2023

between 1 April 2022 and 31 March 2023, as well as for the 
amendment and completion of some normative acts in the 
field of energy

-  The main new elements are the following:
-  a single invoice form will be introduced, drawn up by joint 

Order of ANRE and ANPC;

-  final  electricity  customers,  who  do  not  benefit  from 
capping,  are  charged  the  minimum  price  between  the 
price  in  the  current  supply  contract  and  the  final  price 
resulting from the application of the GEO. 

-  final  gas  customers  are  charged  the  minimum  of  the 
contract  price,  the  final  capped  price  and  the  price 
resulting from the application of the GEO.

GEO  no.  112/2022  on  the  establishment  of  some  measures 
to  stimulate  investments  financed  by  non-reimbursable 
external  funds  in  the  field  of  energy  efficiency,  renewable 
energy  resources  for  large  enterprises  and  small  and 
medium enterprises, green energy from renewable sources 
for local public authorities, as well as some measures in the 
field  of  smart  specialization,  and  for  the  modification  and 
completion of some normative acts

-  regulates 

framework 

the  general 

for  establishing 
energy  efficiency/renewable  energy  measures  for  large 
enterprises and SMEs with funding from non-reimbursable 
external  funds  allocated  under  the  Large  Infrastructure 
Operational Programme;

-  amends  and  completes  GEO  27/2022  with  provisions  on 
the elaboration and approval by ANRE in consultation with 
ANPC of the mandatory minimum content of natural gas/
electricity bills so that the bills contain correct, transparent, 
clear, 
information, 
which  will  allow  household  customers  to  adjust  their 
own  consumption  and  compare  the  commercial  supply 
conditions,  i.e.  suppliers  are  obliged  to  implement  in  the 
information system the provisions on the unit bill starting 
with consumption in April 2023.

legible  and  easy  to  understand 

Law  no.  248/2022  approving  Government  Emergency 
Ordinance  no.  143/2021  amending  and  supplementing  the 
Electricity and Natural Gas Law no. 123/2012 and amending 
some normative acts

Approves  GEO  143/2022  with  amendments  and  additions 

regarding:

-  definition  of  renewable  energy,  definition  of  economic 
efficiency, definition of prosumer (completed with mobile 
unit  equipped  with  electricity  generation  systems  during 
regenerative braking);

-  ANRE’s  obligations  to  promote  the  comparator,  provide 
access to an application programming interface (API) for 
software  developers,  publish  aggregated  data  within  30 
days;

-  generators are obliged to trade at least 40% of their annual 
electricity  production  through  contracts  on  electricity 
markets other than DAM, PI and PE (except for generation 
capacities commissioned after 1 June 2020);

-  the supplier has the obligation to ensure at least 40% of 
the electricity necessary to cover the consumption of the 
final  customers  in  the  portfolio  from  its  own  production 
or  through  the  purchase  by  forward  contracts  on  the 
electricity markets, other than DAM, PI and PE;

-  prosumers,  natural  and  legal  persons  and  local  public 
administration  authorities 
that  own  power  plants 
producing  energy  from  renewable  sources  are  exempted 
from  the  obligation  of  annual  and  quarterly  purchase 
of  green  certificates  for  their  own  final  consumption; 
prosumers can also request quantitative compensation of 
regenerative energy resulting from regenerative braking;
iin  the  case  of  household  customers,  authorised  natural 
persons,  sole  proprietorships,  family  businesses  and 
public institutions connecting to the low voltage grid, the 
distribution  operator  will  reimburse  the  applicant  within 
5  years,  the  actual  cost  of  the  design  and  execution  of 
the  connection,  up  to  an  average  value  of  a  connection, 
established  according  to  a  methodology  approved  by 
ANRE, the recovery of the costs of connection of household 

- 

- 

customers  is  made  with  accelerated  depreciation  over  a 
period of 5 years, through distribution tariffs;
In the case of non-household customers, the value of the 
connection  work  is  borne  in  full  by  them,  the  resulting 
assets  do  not  become  the  property  of  the  distribution 
operator  but  are  only  transferred  to  the  operator  for 
exploitation;

GEO  no.  119/2022  -  Emergency  Ordinance  amending  and 
supplementing  Government  Emergency  Ordinance  no. 
27/2022  on  the  measures  applicable  to  end  customers  in 
the electricity and natural gas market between 1 April 2022 
and 31 March 2023, as well as amending and supplementing 
certain regulatory acts in the field of energy

-  the period of application of the support (capping) scheme 

is 1 September 2022-31 August 2023,

in 

-  the final capped invoiced price for electricity is: maximum 
0.68  lei/kWh,  (VAT  included)  for  household  customers 
whose  average  monthly  consumption  at  the  place  of 
consumption  in  2021  was  between  0-100  kWh  inclusive; 
maximum  0.80  lei/kWh  (VAT  included)  for  household 
customers  whose  average  monthly  consumption  at  the 
place  of  consumption  in  2021  was  between  100.01-300 
kWh - for a monthly consumption which is maximum 255 
kWh; maximum 1 leu/kWh (VAT included) for 85% of the 
average monthly consumption at the place of consumption 
in  2021  for  small  and  medium-sized  enterprises  (SMEs), 
industry,  public 
the 
economic  operators 
institutions;  maximum  1  leu/kWh  (VAT  included)  for 
the  full  consumption  of  public  and  private  hospitals, 
public  and  private  education  units,  nurseries,  public  and 
private  social  service  providers.  In  order  to  benefit  from 
the  facilities  provided  for  by  this  GEO,  starting  from  1 
September  2022,  the  above-mentioned  non-household 
customers  are  obliged  to  submit  to  their  electricity 
supplier a request accompanied by a declaration on their 
own responsibility, within a maximum of 30 days from the 
date  of  entry  into  force  of  this  GEO.  Beneficiaries  who 
fall  within  the  provisions  of  the  GEO  and  who  have  not 
submitted their application accompanied by a declaration 
on their own responsibility in September 2022, as well as 
those  established  after  1  September  2022,  shall  benefit 
from the provisions of this GEO starting from the 1st of the 
month following their submission to the supplier.

food 

-  the final capped invoiced price for natural gas is: maximum 
0.31  lei/kWh  (VAT  included)  for  household  customers 
(also applies to consumption sites of household customers 
connected from 1 January 2022 or for household customers 
who  have  no  history  with  the  supplier  in  2021,  based  on 
monthly  consumption);  maximum  0.37  lei/kWh  (VAT 
included)  for  non-household  customers  whose  annual 
consumption of natural gas in 2021 at the consumption site 
is 50,000 MWh, as well as in the case of thermal energy 
producers (also applies to the consumption places of non-
household customers connected as of 1 January 2022);
-  the values and tranches foreseen for the capping scheme 
may  be  modified  by  Government  decision,  depending 
on  the  developments  on  the  domestic  and  international 
electricity and natural gas markets and on the geopolitical 
developments in Romania’s neighbourhood;

-  the  electricity  and  gas  supply  component  is  73  lei/MWh 

for electricity supply and 12 lei/MWh for gas supply;

-  the  amounts  of  compensation  for  each  supplier  shall 
be  determined  by  ANRE  within  30  days  from  the  date 
of  receipt  of  the  settlement  requests  submitted  and 
registered with ANPIS (domestic customers) and ME (non-
domestic customers) respectively, and copied to ANRE;
-  the  maximum  value  of  the  weighted  average  electricity 
price at which ANRE calculates the amounts to be settled 
from the state budget for electricity suppliers is 1,300 lei/
MWh;

-  Starting  from  1  September  2022,  during  the  period  of 
application of the provisions of this Emergency Ordinance, 
electricity  generators,  aggregated  electricity  generating 
entities,  traders,  suppliers  carrying  out  trading  activities 

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

2022

2023

2022

2023

and  aggregators  trading  quantities  of  electricity  and/
or  natural  gas  on  the  wholesale  market  shall  pay  a 
contribution  to  the  Energy  Transition  Fund  calculated 
according to the methodology of this GEO;

-  bilateral contracts concluded on the wholesale market by 
direct negotiation are reported to ANRE by the contracting 
parties within 2 working days from the date of conclusion;
-  the  successive  sale  of  quantities  of  electricity  or  natural 
gas by traders and/or suppliers with trading activities, with 
the deliberate aim of increasing the price, is sanctioned by 
ANRE with a fine of 5% of the turnover;

GEO  no.  153/2022  -  Emergency  Ordinance  for  amending 
and supplementing Government Emergency Ordinance no. 
27/2022 on the measures applicable to end customers in the 
electricity and natural gas market between 1 April 2022 and 
31 March 2023, as well as for amending and supplementing 
certain regulatory acts in the field of energy and amending 
Government Emergency Ordinance no. 119/2022 amending 
and supplementing Government Emergency Ordinance No. 
27/2022  on  the  measures  applicable  to  final  customers  in 
the electricity and natural gas market between 1 April 2022 
and 31 March 2023, as well as amending and supplementing 
certain regulatory acts in the field of energy

-  for  the  period  from  1  January  2023  to  31  March  2025, 
the  centralised  electricity  purchase  mechanism  shall  be 
established 

-  The  mechanism  provides  -  OPCOM,  as  the  single  buyer, 
buys  electricity  from  producers  (electricity  producers 
with  an  installed  capacity  of  10  MW  or  more)  and  sells 
the purchased electricity to electricity suppliers that have 
contracts with end customers, electricity transmission and 
system operators and electricity distribution operators to 
cover their own technological consumption; the price paid 
by  OPCOM  to  electricity  producers  for  the  quantities  of 
electricity sold by them is 450 lei/MWh and the OPCOM 
sales  price  to  economic  operators  is  also  450  lei/MWh 
(OPCOM  has  the  right  to  charge  market  participants 
tariffs/commissions  at  the  level  of  the  costs  incurred 
through  the  organisation  of  the  centralised  electricity 
purchase  mechanism);  OPCOM  organises  an  annual 
purchase procedure and an additional purchase procedure 
each month for the quantities of electricity to be delivered 
in the following month; the annual and monthly quantities 
of  electricity  are  binding  obligations  of  the  electricity 
producers  and  economic  operators  and  are  distributed 
evenly over all the settlement intervals of each month (the 
contracts are concluded by signing within a maximum of 
3 working days).

GEO no. 163/2022 - Emergency Ordinance for the completion 
of the legal framework for the promotion of the use of energy 
from renewable sources, as well as for the modification and 
completion of some normative acts

-  completes  the  legal  framework  established  by  Law  no. 
220/2008, by laying down rules on: financial support for 
electricity  from  renewable  sources,  self-consumption  of 
this type of electricity, the use of energy from renewable 
sources in the heating and cooling and transport sectors, 
regional  cooperation  between  Romania  and  Member 
States  and  third  countries,  guarantees  of  origin  for 
energy from renewable sources, applicable administrative 
procedures,  regulations  and  codes, 
information  and 
training  of  both  relevant  stakeholders  and  consumers  on 
the  practical,  including  technical  and  financial,  aspects 
of  the  development  and  use  of  energy  from  renewable 
sources,  sustainability  and  greenhouse  gas  emission 
reduction  criteria  for  biofuels,  bioliquids  and  biomass 
fuels. Defines new notions: prosumers acting collectively, 
renewable energy community, etc.

-  the  central  public  administration  authorities  and  ANRE 
may  apply  taxes  and  tariffs  to  renewable  energy 
consumers  in  one  or  more  of  the  following  cases:  if  self-
produced  renewable  electricity  is  effectively  supported 
through  support  schemes,  as  of  1  December  2026,  if  the 
installed capacity of the prosumers’ power plants exceeds 

8% of the total installed capacity of the national electricity 
generation  capacity  or 
if  self-produced  renewable 
electricity is produced in installations with a total installed 
capacity of electricity above 30 kW.

GEO no. 166/2022 - Emergency Ordinance on some measures 
for granting support to vulnerable categories of people to 
compensate  for  the  price  of  energy,  partly  supported  by 
non-reimbursable external funds

-  people with low incomes (pensioners of the public pension 
system whose monthly income is less than or equal to RON 
2,000,  people  with  serious,  severe  or  medium  disability, 
whose own monthly income is less than or equal to RON 
2,000 and other categories) will receive from the state this 
year an aid of RON 1,400, money that they can use to pay 
bills  or  debts  for  electricity,  centralized  thermal  energy, 
gas, gasoline, firewood and others. The support for paying 
energy  bills  will  be  RON  1,400,  which  will  be  granted  in 
two equal instalments of RON 700 each, in February and 
September 2023.

Law  no.  357/2022  -  Law  on  the  approval  of  Government 
Emergency  Ordinance  no.  119/2022  for  the  modification 
and  completion  of  Government  Emergency  Ordinance  no. 
27/2022  on  the  measures  applicable  to  final  customers  in 
the electricity and natural gas market between 1 April 2022 
and  31  March  2023,  as  well  as  for  the  modification  and 
completion of some normative acts in the field of energy
-  GEO  no.  119/2022  is  approved  for  the  modification  and 
completion of GEO no. 27/2022 with some amendments; 
the electricity price cap is extended until 31 March 2025;
-  the  final  capped  invoiced  price  of  electricity  supplied  to 
household  customers  between  1  January  2023  and  31 
March 2025 is:
o  0.68 lei/kWh, VAT included, for consumption during the 
period  1  January  2023  -  31  March  2025  by  the  follow-
ing  categories  of  customers:  a)  household  customers 
whose monthly consumption is between 0 and 100kWh 
inclusive;  b)  household  customers  who  use  medical 
devices,  appliances  or  equipment  necessary  for  treat-
ments,  based  on  an  application  and  a  declaration  on 
their own responsibility submitted in writing to Electri-
ca  Furnizare  S.A.,  and  the  capped  final  invoiced  price 
will be applied from the date of the fifth of the month 
following the month in which the mentioned documents 
have been submitted, c) domestic customers who have 
at least 3 children under 18 years of age, respectively 26 
years of age, in case they follow a form of education, on 
the basis of a request and a declaration on their own re-
sponsibility submitted in writing to Electrica Furnizare 
S.A.,  following  that  the  final  invoiced  price  will  be  ap-
plied from the date of the fifth of the month following 
the  month  in  which  the  mentioned  documents  were 
submitted, d) single-parent families, who have at least 
one child under 18 years of age, respectively 26 years of 
age in case the child is attending a form of education, 
on the basis of an application and a declaration on their 
own responsibility submitted in writing to Electrica Fur-
nizare S.A., the final billed price will apply from the first 
day of the month following the one in which the men-
tioned documents were submitted.

o  0.80  lei/kWh,  VAT  included,  for  consumption  during 
the  period  1  January  2023  -  31  March  2025  by  house-
hold  customers  whose  monthly  consumption  at  the 
place of consumption is between 100.01 and 255 kWh. 
Electricity  consumption  between  255  and  300  kWh/
month is invoiced at a price of 1.3 lei/kWh, VAT includ-
ed. If consumption exceeds 300 kWh/month, the entire 
consumption is invoiced at the price of 1.3 lei/kWh, VAT 
included.

o  1.3 lei/kWh, VAT included, for household consumers not 

covered above.

the ceilings for electricity prices applicable to non-household 

final customers are: 

o  maximum  1  leu/kWh,  for  85%  of  the  average  monthly 
consumption at the place of consumption (application 

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

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2023

2022

2023

and affidavit of the legal representative) for: SMEs, Re-
gional  Operators  (Law  no.  51/2006),  Bucharest  Metro 
Transport  Company  “Metrorex”  -  S.A.,  as  well  as  air-
ports, which are under the subordination/coordination 
or authority of the Ministry of Transport and Infrastruc-
ture,  economic  operators  in  the  field  of  food  industry, 
identified by CAEN code 10, as well as those in the field 
of agriculture and fishing, identified by CAEN codes 01 
and 03, local public authorities and institutions, decon-
centrated public services of ministries and other central 
bodies, companies and commercial companies of coun-
ty,  municipal  or  local  interest,  autonomous  companies 
and  all  public  and  private  entities  providing  a  public 
service, national research and development institutes; 
o  maximum 1 leu/kWh, for the full consumption of pub-
lic  and  private  hospitals,  public  and  private  education 
units,  nurseries  and  public  and  private  providers  of 
social  services  as  listed  in  the  Nomenclature  of  Social 
Services; 

o  maximum  1  leu/kWh,  VAT  included,  for  85%  of  the 
monthly consumption made at the place of consump-
tion of public institutions, other than those mentioned 
above, as well as for places of consumption belonging 
to officially recognized cults in Romania; 

o  non-household  customers  who  do  not  fall  into  one  of 
the above categories pay a price capped at a maximum 
of 1.3 lei/kWh, including VAT.

-  As  regards  the  price  of  natural  gas  to  non-household 
customers,  the  beneficiaries  of  the  price  capped  at  a 
maximum  of  0.37  lei/kWh,  including  VAT,  include  non-
household  customers  in  industrial  parks  regulated  by 
Law  no.  186/2013,  as  well  as  those  in  closed  distribution 
systems defined under Law no. 123/2012. In addition, the 
consumption  limit  of  50,000  MWh  will  refer  to  the  year 
prior  to  the  current  year  (not  to  2021);  for  consumption 
places  of  non-household  customers  connected  after  1 
January 2022, the cap will apply only within the limit of an 
annual consumption of no more than 50,000 MWh. 

-  the  principle  is  maintained  that,  when  billing  electricity 
and natural gas, suppliers must apply the lower of (i) the 
maximum capped final price, (ii) the contract price or (iii) 
the final price calculated in accordance with the provisions 
of Articles 5 and 6, only in the case of natural gas.

GEO  no.  192/2022  -  Emergency  Ordinance  amending  and 
supplementing  Government  Emergency  Ordinance  no. 
27/2022  on  the  measures  applicable  to  end  customers  in 
the electricity and natural gas market between 1 April 2022 
and 31 March 2023, as well as amending and supplementing 
certain regulatory acts in the field of energy

-  the  final  invoiced  price  for  electricity  of  maximum  0.68 
lei/kWh  is  applied  to  household  customers  whose  place 
of consumption is inhabited by persons who use medical 
devices,  appliances  or  equipment  supplied  from  the 
electricity  grid,  necessary  for  medical  treatment  on  the 
basis  of  a  confirmation  from  the  medical  specialist  and 
a  request  submitted  to  the  supplier;  for  January  2023, 
instead of the medical confirmation, a declaration on own 
responsibility is submitted; the final invoiced price capped 
is applied from the date of the fifth of the month following 
the month in which the documents mentioned above were 
submitted;

-  the  capping  also  applies  to  places  of  consumption  used 
on the basis of a rental contract, the following documents 
must  be  submitted  to  the  supplier  by  the  household 
customer: the application for the application of the capped 
price, the copy of the rental contract, the tenant’s affidavit 
that he/she falls into one of the categories benefiting from 
the capping or the medical confirmation, as the case may 
be.

-  The  electricity  cap  applies  to  all  consumption  points  of 
a  household  customer  according  to  the  consumption  at 
each of them.

-  the  annual  and  monthly  centralised  purchasing 
mechanisms  (MACEE)  are  modified  with  regard  to  the 

.

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b. Secondary legislation:

b. Secondary legislation:

During  the  reporting  period,  changes  and  additions  to  the 
regulatory framework were made in the following areas of 
activity and regulation:

During  the  reporting  period,  changes  and  additions  to  the 
regulatory framework were made in the following areas of 
activity and regulation:

transmission  of  forecasts  and  quantities  purchased, 
guarantees, payments, etc.

Liberalisation of the electricity market

ANRE Order no. 5/2021 amending ANRE Order no. 171/2020 
approving  the  conditions  for  the  supply  of  electricity 
by  suppliers  of  last  resort  (FUI)  and  amending  and 
supplementing  the  Framework  Contract  for  the  supply  of 
electricity  to  household  customers  of  FUI,  approved  by 
ANRE Order no. 88/2015: 

-  contains  provisions  on  the  commercial  discount  that  the 
FUI  can  grant  to  household  customers  who  choose  a 
competitive  supply  contract.  This  discount,  equal  to  the 
difference between the price in the universal service offer 
applicable  during  the  period  1  January  to  30  June  2021 
and the price in the lowest competitive offer valid on 20 
January 2021, applies for the period from 1 January 2021 
until at least 30 June 2021; 

-  new  obligations  have  been  introduced  for  the  FUI  to 

inform household customers in its portfolio: 

-  by  30  June  2021,  together  with  each  bill  issued:  an 
information on the elimination of regulated tariffs, as well 
as a bid selection form, in the form established by ANRE, 
containing  the  competitive  offer  with  the  lowest  value, 
an alternative competitive offer and the universal service 
offer, offers applicable in the first half of 2021, as well as 
the  amount  of  the  commercial  discount  granted  and  the 
period of application, if applicable; 

-  from 1 May to 30 June 2021, monthly: a competitive offer 
and a universal service offer, applicable from 1 July 2021; 
in the second half of 2021, with each bill issued: information 
on the elimination of regulated tariffs.

- 

ANRE  Order  no.  6/2021  amending  the  Regulation  on  the 
designation of electricity FUIs approved by ANRE Order no. 
188/2020:

-  the definition of non-household customers supplied under 
the  last  resort  (UI)  regime  has  been  modified  to  include 
customers  who  are  supplied  because  they  do  not  have 
supply from any other source, as well as those who request 
supply under the UI regime.

Electricity/natural gas retail market - trade regulations 

Electricity/natural gas retail market - trade regulations

.

ANRE  Order  no.  82/2021  and  no.  91/2021  amending  and 
supplementing  the  Regulation  on  the  supply  of  electricity 
to final customers:

-  the changes/completions are applicable, as a general rule, 
from  1  July  2021,  and,  by  exception  (e.g.  new  provisions 
on  the  resolution  of  customer  bill  complaints,  payment 
of  compensation  due  under  the  Performance  Standard), 
from 1 January 2022;

-  The changes mainly concern: the content and publication 
of  the  offer  and  the  supply  contract  (it  must  include  all 
the price elements and be published, cumulatively, in the 
ANRE Price Comparator, on the website and at the single 
point of contact), the method of determining consumption 
for billing purposes in the absence of the read/auto index 
(the  estimation  of  consumption  by  the  supplier  on  the 
basis of the most recent readings or the consumption of 
the  previous  similar  period  being  allowed  only  until  the 
end  of  2021,  thereafter  it  will  be  carried  out  exclusively 
on  the  basis  of  the  consumption  agreement  issued  by 
the  distributor  and  concluded  with  the  final  customer 
by  the  supplier),  the  conclusion  of  the  supply  contract  - 
necessary documents (i.e.g. the property deed is no longer 
mandatory,  being  replaced  by  an  affidavit  of  entitlement 

ANRE  Order  no.  64/2022  -  amending  and  supplementing 
the  Performance  Standard  for  the  electricity  distribution 
service, approved by Order no. 46/2021 of the President of 
the National Energy Regulatory Authority.

-  the reading interval of the metering group index is set by 
contract and can be longer than one month, but must not 
exceed 3 months for household customers and 6 months 
for non-household end customers, for consumers it is one 
calendar month, for users benefiting from smart metering 
systems  OD  is  obliged  to  provide  access  to  historical 
consumption data (failure to comply with these deadlines 
leads to the payment of compensation);

-  sets a timetable for monitoring substations and transformer 
points - final implementation deadline is 01 January 2028
ANRE Order no. 131/2022 - Order approving the Performance 

Standard for the natural gas distribution service 

- 

is established: the level of general performance indicators 
for the following activities (i.e. registration and settlement 
of  complaints/claims/requests 
from  users  regarding 
the  gas  distribution  service,  access/contracting  of  the 
gas  distribution  service,  compliance  with  the  conditions 
for  delivery/take-back  of  gas;  connection  to  the  gas 
distribution  system;  restoration  of  land  and/or  property 

.

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

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2023

2022

2023

to  the  place  of  consumption),  settlement  of  customer 
complaints  about  bills  and  termination  of  the  supply 
contract  for  non-payment  of  bills  (without  mandatory 
disconnection  of  the  place  of  consumption),  completion 
of the mandatory content of the disconnection notice.
ANRE  Order  no.  83/2021  approving  the  Performance 

Standard for the electricity/natural gas supply activity:

-  The regulation is common for electricity and natural gas, 
replaces  the  existing  standards  for  the  two  areas  and  is 
applicable from 1 January 2022, except for the provisions 
on  the  indicator  for  call  centre  call  handling  (applicable 
from 1 July 2023 and from 1 January 2024 for compensation 
payments);

-  11  quality-assured  indicators  are  established  for  response 
times to requests related to: transmission of supply offer; 
conclusion of supply contract; amendment/completion of 
supply contract; invoices; interruption/limitation of supply 
at the place of consumption, if any, ordered by the supplier; 
resumption of supply at the place of consumption, whose 
interruption/limitation  has  been  ordered  by  the  supplier, 
subject to the scope of activity of the network operator; 
transmission  of  the  reply  received  from  the  network 
operator; the process of changing supplier; supply activity 
other  than  those  expressly  provided  for;  the  time  taken 
to  answer  a  telephone  call  made  through  the  call  centre 
service;

-  for  each  quality  indicator,  ANRE  has  established  a 
guaranteed  level  that  suppliers  are  obliged  to  respect 
and  for  which  suppliers  will  automatically/justifiably  pay 
compensation to all categories of final customers;

- 

-  a  way  for  ANRE  to  evaluate  the  activity  carried  out  by 
suppliers  is  introduced,  through  a  scoring  system  based 
on  the  degree  of  compliance  with  the  guaranteed  levels 
of  quality  indicators,  which  will  be  made  public  through 
ANRE’s Price Comparator;
in conclusion, compared to the current standards: the scope 
of  automatic  payment  of  compensation  to  all  categories 
of  customers  has  been  extended,  more  guaranteed 
quality  indicators  have  been  introduced  (11  compared 
to  8  for  electricity  and  4  for  natural  gas,  respectively,  at 
present), the levels of compensation for natural gas have 
been doubled/tripled, the method of classifying suppliers 
according to the level of compliance with the guaranteed 
quality indicators has been introduced. 

ANRE Order No 138/2021 on the amendment of some ANRE 

orders: 

-  certain  provisions  are  amended,  i.e.  certain  deadlines  for 
entry  into  force  of  the  performance  standards  for  the 
electricity/natural  gas  supply  activity  are  extended,  as 
follows:

-  change of the deadline for sending to the final customer 
the answer to the complaints about the electricity bill - 15 
working days (instead of 5 working days previously);

-  change of the deadline for sending to the final customer 
the answer to the complaints about the gas bill - 15 working 
days (instead of 15 calendar days previously);

-  the extension until 1 July 2022 (instead of 1 January 2022) 
of  the  deadline  for  the  entry  into  force  of  some  of  the 
amendments  made  to  the  Regulation  on  the  supply  of 
electricity to final customers by ANRE Order No 82/2021; 
most importantly, those relating to the automatic payment 
of  compensation  to  all  categories  of  affected  customers 
(not only those benefiting from universal service);

-  extension  of  the  deadline  for  the  entry  into  force  of  the 
new Performance Standard for the electricity/natural gas 
supply  activity  (approved  by  ANRE  Order  no.  83/2021) 
until  1  July  2022  (compared  to  the  deadline  initially 
foreseen of 1 January 2022).

ANRE Order no. 139/2021 amending and supplementing the 
Framework Contract for the distribution of natural gas and 
the related General Conditions (ANRE Order no. 78/2020), 
as well as the Regulation for the supply of natural gas to end 
customers (ANRE Order no. 29/2016): 

-  contains 

modifications/completions 

concerning: 

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affected by the execution of works on the gas distribution 
system objectives; the interruption/limitation/resumption 
of the natural gas distribution service), the compensations 
that  the  distribution  operators  are  obliged  to  pay  in 
case  of  non-compliance  with  their  obligations  under 
this  Order;  the  specific  performance  indicators  of  the 
distribution  operators’  activities;  the  way  of  reporting  by 
the distribution operators of the information on the quality 
and performance of their activities; the way of evaluating 
the activities of the distribution operators.

documents  required  for  the  conclusion  of  the  supply 
contract  (e.g.  replacement  of  the  copy  of  the  document 
proving  the  ownership  or  use  of  the  space  with  a 
declaration  on  own  responsibility);  management  of 
distribution  contracts  concluded  between  the  supplier 
and  the  distribution  operator  -  DSO  (elimination  of  the 
obligation  to  conclude  additional  acts  for  extension  or 
modification);  consumption  measurement  (introduction 
of  the  obligation  for  the  DSO  to  read  the  meter  at  the 
beginning  and  end  of  the  supply  contract,  including 
when changing the supplier, introduction of a Framework 
Format of the data transmitted by the DSO to the supplier 
for the settlement of gas consumption to final customers, 
invoicing  of  distribution  services  to  be  carried  out  on 
the  basis  of  the  quantities  determined,  in  order,  on  the 
basis of the reading carried out by the DSO, self-reading 
transmitted by customers).

N/A    

Online  platform  for  changing  electricity  and  gas  supplier 
(POSF)

ANRE  Order  no.  3/2022  approving  the  Regulation  on  the 
organization  and  operation  of  the  online  platform  for 
changing the electricity and gas supplier and for contracting 
the supply of electricity and natural gas:
-  application deadline - 28 August 2022;
- 

initiated  in  order  to  achieve  the  objective  set  by  the 
European legislation on the change of supplier within 24 
hours, starting from 2026;

-  ANRE  is  the  administrator  and  operator  of  the  platform 
where data will be uploaded by end customers, suppliers, 
network  operators,  aggregators,  etc.  (including  the 
standard  offers  of  suppliers),  which  will  mediate  the 
process  of  changing  supplier  through  the  necessary 
administrative  and  technical  steps  and  through  which 
customers will be able to contract a new supplier;

-  The regulation also details the rules on the conclusion of 
the supply contract, i.e. the actual procedure for changing 
the supplier, which will replace the current procedure.
ANRE  Order  no.  109/2022  -  amending  and  supplementing 
the  Order  of  the  President  of  the  National  Energy 
Regulatory Authority no. 3/2022 approving the Regulation 
on the organisation and functioning of the online platform 
for changing the electricity and natural gas supplier and for 
contracting the supply of electricity and natural gas

-  ANRE  order  no.  3/2022  comes  into  force  on  28  August 
2022,  but  applies  from  10  October  2022,  with  some 
exceptions (suppliers’ point of view, presented in point 4 
below);

-  Thus, the deadline for the preparation/testing of the POSF 

.

platform has been extended until 10 October 2022;

-  until  this  date  (10  October  2022),  requests  for  change 
of  supplier  shall  be  solved  according  to  Ord.  ANRE 
234/2019 - Procedure for the change of electricity/natural 
gas  supplier  by  the  final  customer,  with  subsequent 
amendments and additions. After this date, Ord. ANRE no. 
234/2019 is repealed. 

-  Supplier  obligations  (art.  26,  art.  27  lit.  a,  b,  c,  e,  k,  l,  m, 
n)  apply  from  28  August  2022  and  include:  supplier 
obligations  related  to  registration  in  POSF,  organisation 
of  activity  for  POSF,  testing,  connection  with  POSF, 
registration of standard offers in the comparator, including 
provision  of  related  contracts,  migration  to  POSF  of 
all  necessary  information  to  become  operational  on  10 
October 2022. 

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Supply of last resort   

Supply of last resort

ANRE Order no. 125/2021 amending and supplementing the 
Regulation on the last resort supply of natural gas (approved 
by ANRE Order no. 173/2020): 

-  contains amendments and additions concerning:
-  Designation  of  suppliers  of  last  resort  (SFR):  at  least  5 
SFRs, with a combined market share, in terms of number 
of final customers and quantities of natural gas sold, of at 
least 70% (compared to at least 3 SFRs previously, without 
other associated conditions);

-  renouncing  the  status  of  UIF,  upon  request  -  the  new 
cumulative  conditions  for  UIFs  designated  on  the  basis 
of  availability  and  eligibility  (such  as  Electrica  Furnizare) 
are: after at least 1 year from the date of designation (as 
before); at the date from which they wish to renounce, not 
to  have  customers  taken  over  under  the  UI  regime  (new 
condition); with prior notification to ANRE at least 60 days 
before (compared to 45 days previously);

-  duration  of  supply  under  the  UI  regime:  min.  12  months 
from the date of takeover for small customers, i.e. with an 
annual  consumption  less  than  or  equal  to  28,000  MWh 
(compared to 3 months previously);

-  Pricing  for  the  supply  of  UI:  obligation  to  maintain 
unchanged,  for  a  period  of  at  least  3  months  from  the 
date  of  takeover,  the  value  of  the  supply  and  transport 
components (compared to the monthly pricing with all its 
components);  exception  -  the  situation  where  the  values 
of the mentioned components become lower;

-  criteria for setting the FUI for automatic customer takeover: 
the „lowest cost” criterion; the takeover capacity criterion, 
by verifying that the number of end customers to be taken 
over  does  not  exceed  30%  of  the  number  of  customers 
in  the  supplier’s  own  portfolio;  the  takeover  availability 
criterion,  if  the  supplier  does  not  meet  the  previous 
criterion (as opposed to the „lowest cost” criterion only).
ANRE  decisions  on  the  termination  of  the  applicability  of 
certain  decisions  designating  suppliers  as  suppliers  of  last 
resort of natural gas, respectively designating suppliers as 
suppliers of last resort of natural gas:

-  the  termination  of  the  applicability  of  the  decisions  of 
designation  as  suppliers  of  last  resort  of  natural  gas,  at 
the  request  of  the  respective  suppliers  to  renounce  to 
this quality: CEZ Vanzare (from 02 January 2022) - ANRE 
Decision no. 2233/2021, CIS Gaz (from 14 December 2021) 
- ANRE Decision no. 2234/2021;

-  new  designated  natural  gas  UIFs  (according  to  the  new 
rules  established  by  ANRE  Order  no.  125/2021):  E.ON 
Energie  Romania  -  ANRE  Decision  no.  2237/2021,  OMV 
Petrom - ANRE Decision no. 2238/2021, both starting from 
15 December 2021; 

ANRE Order no. 91/2022 - for the approval of the Regulation 

on the last instance supply of electricity

-  The  Regulation  for  the  designation  of  the  last  instance 
suppliers  of  electricity  -  Ord.  ANRE  no.  188/2020,  the 
Regulation  on  the  taking  over  by  suppliers  of  last  resort 
of  consumption  places  of  final  customers  who  have  not 
ensured the supply of electricity from any other source - 
Ord. ANRE no. 242/2020 and the Framework Contract for 
the supply of electricity to final customers taken over by 
the supplier of last resort.

- 

-  the  introduction  of  the  obligation  for  the  SoLR  with 
the  largest  market  share  in  a  network  area  to  take  over 
consumption places which, at the date of entry into force 
of ANRE Order No 91/2022, do not have a supply contract 
and are not disconnected;
introduction  of  an  alternative  system  for  nominating 
SoLRs  that  automatically  takes  over  customers  on  a 
monthly  rotation  basis.  Thus,  for  this  purpose,  the  list  of 
the  SoLRs  is  established  in  descending  order  of  market 
share, each SoLR in the list being nominated in turn, on a 
monthly basis, to automatically take over customers who 
are  without  a  supplier  in  that  month.  For  periods  when 
no support measures are imposed by primary legislation, 
the nomination system implies the obligation for the SoLR 
to transmit the last resort price at least 7 days before the 
month for which the nomination is made, so that the SoLR 
Nomination List is known, within a timeframe that allows 
the transmission of the takeover request;

-  the introduction of automatic takeover by the nominated 
SoLR of non-household customers with a power approved 
by the technical connection notice/connection certificate 
of no more than 1 MVA, in the event of termination of the 
electricity supply contract by the current supplier; 

-  Limiting  the  period  of  time  a  customer  can  be  in  the 
portfolio  of  an  SoLR  to  12  months  for  household  and 
non-household customers up to 1 MVA and 6 months for 
non-household customers above 1 MVA. 30 days prior to 
the  date  of  termination  of  the  contractual  relationship, 
the SoLR shall notify customers of the termination of the 
electricity  supply,  or,  if  applicable,  the  extension  of  the 
supply period, specifying the period for which it will supply 
electricity. If, at the end of the period, customers have not 
succeeded  in  concluding  a  contract  on  the  competitive 
market, they may continue to benefit from the services of 
an SoLR if they so request.

ANRE  Order  no.  110/2022  -  amending  and  supplementing 
the  Regulation  on  the  last  resort  supply  of  natural  gas, 
approved by Order of the President of the National Energy 
Regulatory Authority no. 173/2020

.

-  Electrica Furnizare FUI of natural gas in continuation.

- 

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- 

- 

in order to ensure the supply under the LR regime to final 
customers who do not have supply from any other source, 
ANRE shall designate a number of at least 7 SoLRs, whose 
cumulative  market  share,  calculated  for  the  competitive 
market by the equal weight of the number of consumption 
places of final customers and the quantity of natural gas 
sold to them in the last 12 months, shall be at least 70%. 
The  shares  on  the  competitive  market  of  the  suppliers 
designated  as  SoLR  at  the  time  of  the  analysis  shall  be 
taken into account, except for those for which a decision 
has been issued stating the termination of the applicability 
of the SoLR designation decision;
if a supplier has been designated as an SoLR by selection 
based on availability and eligibility, it may resign from the 
SoLR  status,  upon  request,  if  the  following  cumulative 
conditions are met: a) at least 1 year has passed since the 
date  of  designation,  b)  at  the  date  it  wishes  to  resign,  it 
does not have in its portfolio any clients taken over in the 
SoLR;
if a supplier has been designated as an SoLR by selection 
based  on  eligibility  and  capability,  it  may  renounce  the 
SoLR  status,  upon  request,  if  the  following  cumulative 
conditions  are  met:  a)  at  least  1  year  has  passed  since 

the  date  of  designation,  b)  the  list  of  designated  SoLRs 
contains  at  least  7  suppliers  whose  cumulative  market 
share is at least 70%, c) at the date it wishes to renounce, 
it  does  not  have  in  its  portfolio  customers  taken  over  in 
the SoLR;

-  For  consumption  sites  with  an  annual  consumption  less 
than  or  equal  to  28,000  MWh,  the  SoLR  shall  decide  at 
its  discretion  whether  to  extend  the  period  for  ensuring 
the  supply  of  natural  gas  under  the  LR  regime  to  the 
consumption  sites  of  customers  taken  over  after  the 
minimum  period  has  been  reached  and  shall  notify  the 
customers taken over at least 30 days before the end of the 
supply of natural gas under the LR regime. The notification 
may contain attached an offer to supply natural gas on a 
competitive basis;

-  the activity of supplying natural gas under the LR regime 
for  final  customers  whose  consumption  places  are 
automatically taken over is carried out in compliance with 
the  framework  contract  for  the  supply  of  gas  under  the 
LR regime: 

-  a)  without  the  need  to  sign  the  contract  with  the  SoLR, 
for the consumption site with an annual consumption less 
than or equal to 28,000 MWh; if the taken-over customer 
requests  the  SoLR  to  sign  and  send  the  contract  for  the 
supply of natural gas under the LR regime concluded with 
the SoLR, the SoLR is obliged to send it to the customer 
within a maximum of 5 working days; 

-  b) on the basis of a supply contract concluded and signed 
with  the  SoLR,  for  the  place  of  consumption  with  an 
annual  consumption  of  more  than  28,000  MWh;  during 
the  period  between  the  date  of  takeover  by  the  SoLR 
and  the  date  of  signing  of  the  LR  contract,  between  the 
customer  taken  over  and  the  SoLR,  the  SoLR  is  allowed 
to provide the activity of supply of natural gas under LR 
for the places of consumption of the customer taken over 
without the existence of a contract signed with the latter, 
in compliance with the framework contract for the supply 
of natural gas under LR;

-  The SoLR has the right to ask the final customer with an 
annual consumption of more than 28,000 MWh to provide 
a  financial  guarantee,  after  the  date  of  transmission  of 
the  takeover  information/after  receipt  of  the  customer’s 
request  for  takeover  under  the  LR  regime;  The  amount 
of  the  financial  guarantee  is  set  by  order  and  must  be 
provided within 5 working days from the date of receipt of 
the request. The client may be given the option of opting 
for payment in advance.

-  termination of the obligation to supply natural gas under 
the  LR  regime:  on  the  date  from  which  the  contract  for 
the  supply  of  natural  gas  under  the  competitive  regime 
concluded by the customer taken over with a competitive 
supplier takes effect, on the expiry of the duration provided 
for the situations under Article 24 para. (2) (i.e. minimum 
12 months from the date of takeover, one month from the 
date of takeover, date of termination of the suspension of 
the NG supply licence of the FA, duration established by 
ANRE,  etc.),  in  case  of  non-payment  of  invoices,  in  case 
of  non-constitution  of  the  financial  guarantee  (for  final 
customers  with  annual  consumption  higher  than  28,000 
MWh)/non-payment of the advance invoice/daily invoice, 
in case of disagreement on the resumption by the SoLR, 
in case of non conclusion of the SoLR contract (when this 
obligation exists);

-  throughout the period of application of the provisions of 
the support scheme, the SoLR does not transmit the values 
of the price components for the supply of gas under the 
LR regime for the following calendar month (CU_ach-FUI_
estimated, CU_fz-FUI_estimated, CU_tr-FUI);

-  by  derogation,  for  the  period  of  application  of  the 
provisions of the support scheme, ANRE establishes and 
publishes  on  the  website  the  SoLR  ranking  in  ascending 
order  of  market  share  for  the  last  month,  calculated  by 
the equal weighting of the number of consumption places 
of final customers and the quantity of natural gas sold to 

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

2022

2023

2022

2023

- 

them.  Starting  from  September  2022,  each  SoLR  will  be 
allocated one calendar month, in order of ranking;
iin  the  event  of  any  of  the  above  (i.e.  FA  loses  supplier 
status,  suspension  of  FA  licence,  etc.)  during  the  period 
of  application  of  the  provisions  of  the  support  scheme, 
the  consumption  places  will  be  taken  over  by  an  SoLR 
nominated  by  ANRE  from  the  SoLRs  designated  on 
the  basis  of:  a)  the  criterion  of  the  month  of  allocation, 
b)  the  criterion  of  the  takeover  capacity,  by  verifying 
the  fulfilment  of  the  condition  that  the  total  number  of 
consumption places taken over should not be higher than 
30%  of  the  number  of  consumption  places  of  the  final 
customers in their own portfolio, which ensure the supply 
of natural gas in a competitive regime, c) the criterion of 
the takeover availability;

-  The  SoLR  that  has  the  obligation  to  take  over,  at  the 
request  of  the  final  customer,  the  consumption  site  with 
an annual consumption of more than 28,000 MWh is the 
SoLR  of  the  respective  calendar  month,  established  by 
ANRE through the SoLR Classification;

-  The  SoLR  nominated  to  automatically  take  over  the 
consumption place with an annual consumption less than 
or  equal  to  28,000  MWh  is  the  SoLR  of  the  respective 
calendar  month  established  by  ANRE  through  the  SoLR 
ranking.  By  exception,  in  the  case  where  the  supply 
contract has been terminated due to unilateral termination 
by the customer, it is taken over on request by the SoLR of 
the respective calendar month;

-  for  customers  with  an  annual  consumption  of  more  than 
28,000 MWh, in case of termination of the contract with 
the FA/SoLR, if the final customer does not find a supplier, 
the  customer  has  the  right  to  request  any  SoLR  among 
those designated by ANRE to ensure the supply under the 
LR regime.

Wholesale electricity/natural gas market  

Wholesale electricity/natural gas market

ANRE  Order  no.  7/2021  approving  the  Regulation  on  the 
organized framework for trading of standardized products 
on  the  centralized  natural  gas  markets  administered  by 
Bursa Romana de Marfuri S.A.:

-  the  Regulation  contains  trading  rules  for  centralised 
markets  for  short,  medium  and  long-term  products  and 
medium and long-term flexible products.

ANRE Order no. 26/2021 amending ANRE Order no. 65/2020 

amending and supplementing certain ANRE orders:

- 

in  application  of  the  provisions  of  the  EU  Regulation  No 
943/2019  on  the  internal  electricity  market  (concerning 
the  over-the-counter  trading  of  energy),  the  long-term 
supply  contract  has  been  redefined  as  any  contract  with 
a delivery period of one month or more (compared to one 
year under the previous regulation);

-  the  above  contracts  are  concluded  in  compliance  with 
competition  law  and  reported  in  accordance  with  the 
EU Regulation on Wholesale Energy Market Integrity and 
Transparency (REMIT).

ANRE Order no. 27/2021 amending and supplementing some 

ANRE orders:

- 

In  implementing  the  European  rules  on  the  15-minute 
settlement  interval,  nine  regulations  establishing  trading 
rules on centralised forward electricity markets have been 
amended,  in  which  the  reference  to  the  duration  of  one 
hour  is  replaced  by  a  reference  to  the  duration  of  the 
settlement  interval,  and  the  duration  of  the  settlement 
interval is one hour until 1 July 2021 and 15 minutes from 1 
July 2021.

ANRE  Order  no.  33/2021  amending  and  supplementing 
ANRE  Order  no.  213/2020  approving  the  Regulation  on 
the calculation and settlement of imbalances of the parties 
responsible for balancing - single imbalance price:

-  The new rules apply from 1 June 2021;
-  the  calculation  method  for  determining  the  imbalance 
and  the  payment  obligations/collection  rights  used  in 
the imbalance price formula is replaced by the values for 

ANRE Order no. 4/2022 amending and supplementing ANRE 
Order no. 143/2020 on the obligation to offer natural gas on 
centralized markets to natural gas producers whose annual 
production in the previous year exceeds 3,000,000 MWh:
-  the  quantitative  allocation  for  tender  for  each  of  the 
standardised products for the period from 1 January to 31 
December 2022 has been adjusted.

ANRE Order no. 65/2022 - for the approval of the Regulation 
on  the  organized  framework  for  electricity  contracting  by 
large end customers

-  simplification  of  the  organised  electricity  contracting 
framework  for  large  end  customers  (with  an  annual 
consumption  of  more  than  70,000  MWh)  established  by 
ANRE  Order  no.  55/2012:  elimination  of  the  obligation 
to  use  the  framework  contract,  extension  of  market 
participation  by  accepting  OTS  and  OD  exclusively  for 
the  purchase  of  NL,  reduction  of  the  average  power  per 
settlement  interval  from  10  MW  to  5  MW,  the  possibility 
for the initiator to opt for the variation of the contracted 
power per settlement interval with a maximum of 0.5 MW 
per settlement interval, minimum delivery duration of one 
month, elimination of the public negotiation phase.

ANRE  Order  no.  66/2022  -  for  the  approval  of  the 
Methodology for determining the level of minimum natural 
gas  stocks  that  holders  of  natural  gas  supply  licenses  are 
obliged to build up between April 2022 and October 2022
-  the  quantities  of  natural  gas  representing  the  minimum 
stocks  to  be  stored  by  each  supplier  in  the  period  April 
2022 - October 2022 represent at least 30% of the quantity 
of  natural  gas  required  for  the  consumption  of  final 
customers in its own portfolio for the period 1 November 
2022 - 31 March 2023 (reporting templates are established 
with  the  quantity  broken  down  by  each  month  and 
category of consumers and monitoring templates with the 
level of fulfilment of the natural gas storage obligation).
ANRE  Order  no.  73/2022  amending  the  Regulation  on  the 
organised  framework  for  electricity  contracting  by  large 

these exchanges received by the TSOs from the European 
platform;  the  way  in  which  the  electricity  produced  by 
generation capacities/electricity storage facilities that are 
in the trial period is remunerated is modified.

ANRE Order no. 37/2014 for the repeal of the Regulation on 
the organization and functioning of the electricity Day-ahead 
Market (PZU), respecting the price coupling mechanism of 
the markets and amending some normative acts regulating 
the electricity PZU:

-  The  repeal  takes  effect  from  17  June  2021  and  comes  in 
the  context  of  the  implementation  of  harmonised  rules 
at European level with a view to single day-ahead market 
coupling.

ANRE Order no. 30/2021 on the modification and completion 
of the Methodology for the regularization of the differences 
between allocations and quantities of natural gas distributed 
approved by ANRE Order no. 16/2020:

-  The new rules apply in the balancing process of the natural 
gas system and regulate the situation where a distribution 
operator does not transmit to a network user the differences 
between the allocation and the quantities distributed and/
or  the  differences  between  the  final  monthly  allocation 
and the sum of the daily allocated quantities, as well as the 
specification of the weighted average price to be applied 
in case the distribution contract is terminated during the 
gas year in question.

ANRE Order no. 96/2021 amending and supplementing the 
Regulation on the calculation and settlement of imbalances 
of  balancing  parties  -  single  imbalance  price,  approved  by 
ANRE Order no. 213/2020:
The changes concern the following updates: the method of 
determining  imbalance;  the  formulas  for  determining  the 
initial deficit and surplus prices; the deadlines for the trans-
mission  by  Transelectrica  of  preliminary  and  final  data  on 
the settlement of unintentional exchanges; the formulas for 
determining costs/revenues and the actual costs for balanc-
ing energy.

end customers, approved by Order of the President of the 
National Energy Regulatory Authority no. 65/2022

-  the  possibility  of  introducing  initiating  offers  also  by  the 

producers participating in the market.

-  deletion of the clarification that large end-use customers 
of  electricity  include  transmission  system  operators  and 
distribution  system  operators  that  purchase  electricity 
individually  or 
in  aggregation  to  cover  their  own 
technological  consumption,  they  can  participate  in  the 
market as end-use customers.

ANRE  Order  no.  72/2022  approving  the  Regulation  on 
natural gas storage in the natural gas transmission system
-  The regulation covers: the methods of natural gas storage 
(storage  of  natural  gas  in  the  natural  gas  transmission 
system,  in  the  natural  gas  transmission  pipeline,  in  ring 
pressure distribution systems and in above ground metallic 
tanks), the calculation of the energy of natural gas in the 
transmission pipelines related to ST and the monitoring of 
ST.

ANRE Order no. 79/2022 - for the approval of the Regulation 
for  the  organization  and  functioning  of  the  forward 
electricity  contracts  market,  organized  by  Bursa  Romana 
de Marfuri - S.A.

-  establishes the organized framework for electricity trading 
on  the  forward  electricity  contracts  market,  through 
electronic  trading  platforms  managed  by  Bursa  Romana 
de  Marfuri  -  S.A.  (simple  competitive  trading  mechanism 
-  for  the  launch  of  trading  of  the  standard  product,  the 
participant submits to the BRM an initiating order, double 
competitive  trading  mechanism  -  the  launch  of  trading 
of  the  standard  products  is  also  initiated  by  the  BRM  so 
that there are available for trading at any time consecutive 
forward contracts for: the first 6 calendar months, the first 
5 calendar quarters, the first 3 calendar semesters, the first 
2 calendar years).

ANRE Order no. 92/2022 - amending and supplementing the 
Regulation on the calculation and settlement of imbalances 
of balancing parties - single imbalance price, approved by 
Order  of  the  President  of  the  National  Energy  Regulatory 
Authority no. 213/2020, and amending some orders of the 
President of the National Energy Regulatory Authority

- 

  redistribution  has  been  reintroduced,  i.e.  the  rules  for 
calculating  the  additional  costs/revenues  from  balancing 
the system, how to allocate their value to each balancing 
party (PRE) and issues related to the information note on 
settlement, billing and payments are provided.

-  reduction from 6 months to 2 months of the period in which 
the participant can request, with a reasoned justification, 
the  correction  of  the  settlement,  from  the  posting  on 
the  dedicated  IT  platform  of  the  information  note  for 
settlement, which will lead to an increase in the degree of 
accountability of the participants in the balancing market.
ANRE  Order  no.  117/2022  -  Order  for  the  approval  of  the 
Regulation  for  the  organization  and  functioning  of  the 
forward  electricity  contracts  market,  organized  by  Bursa 
Romana de Marfuri - S.A.

-  The Regulation establishes the framework for the trading 
of  electricity  on  the  electricity  futures  market,  through 
electronic  trading  platforms  managed  by  the  Romanian 
Commodities Exchange Company - S.A. 

-  BRM  organizes  trading  sessions  for  standard  products  in 
terms  of  the  following  features:  daily  delivery  profile  (in-
band delivery, peak load delivery, off-peak load delivery), 
average power per contract settlement interval of 0.1 MW 
or multiple of 0.1 MW, electricity delivery period (multiple 
of day, 1 week, balance of the month - i.e. the period made 
up of the remaining delivery days within a calendar month 
in progress, starting on the second calendar day following 
the  day  of  the  conclusion  of  a  transaction,  1  month,  1 
quarter, 1 semester, 1 calendar year).

-  Repeals ANRE Order No 79/2022
ANRE Order no. 121/2022 - Order amending some orders of 
the President of the National Energy Regulatory Authority 
on the electricity market

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2022

2023

-  modification of ANRE Order no. 127/2021 by: changing the 
deadline  for the application  of the Order from  1 October 
2022  to  1  October  2023;  extending  the  deadline  for 
changing the configuration of the existing PE platform, as 
required  by  the  Regulation  on  terms  and  conditions  for 
balancing  service  providers  and  frequency  stabilisation 
reserve providers, from 9 months to 1 year and 6 months; 
deletion  of  some  definitions  (RFP,  DO  connector  and 
adjustment required) and deletion of the term daily offer 
and replacement with balancing energy offer; modification 
of  the  parameters  of  the  variable  characteristics  of  the 
balancing  energy  offer  for  the  standard  RRFm  product; 
replacement  of  the  term  system  services  with  balancing 
services;

-  amendment of ANRE Order No 128/2021 by extending the 
application  deadline  from  1  October  2022  to  1  October 
2023.

ANRE  Order  no.  134/2022  -  Order  for  the  approval  of  the 

General Rules on organised electricity forward markets 

-  the general rules on organised forward electricity markets 
are  approved.  The  organised  forward  electricity  market 
comprises  the  following  segments:  standardised  forward 
products  market,  flexible  forward  products  market, 
electricity derivatives market settled by physical delivery.
-  electricity  market  operators  shall  draw  up/update 
their  own  specific  regulations  for  the  organisation  and 
management of the markets and submit them to ANRE for 
approval within 90 days from the date of entry into force 
of this Order.

ANRE  Order  no.  138/2022  -  Order  supplementing  the 
Order  of  the  President  of  the  National  Energy  Regulatory 
Authority  no.  143/2020  on  the  obligation  to  offer  natural 
gas on centralized markets to natural gas producers whose 
annual production in the previous year exceeds 3,000,000 
MWh

-  ANRE  Order  no.  143/2020  is  supplemented:  with  the 
periods  for  which  the  quantities  of  natural  gas  are 
determined,  namely  1  January  2023  -  31  December  2023 
and 1 January 2024 - 31 December 2024; with clarifications 
on  the  application  of  the  provisions  of  Article  12  of  GEO 
no. 27/2022, in accordance with Annex no. 5 thereto. The 
quantitative  share  allocated  for  tendering  purposes  for 
each of the products is as follows (for the period 1 January 
2023 - 31 December 2023): Clu = 35%, Ctrim = 20%, Csem 
= 5%, Csez = 25%, Can = 15%.

Renewable energy sources, green certificates, prosumers  

Renewable energy sources. green certificates. Consumers

ANRE  Order  no.  9/2021  on  the  establishment  of  the 

ANRE  Order  no.  14/2022  on  the  establishment  of  the 

mandatory green certificates purchase quota for 2020:

mandatory green certificates purchase quota for 2021:

-  The  quota  was  set  at  0.45074  hp/MWh  (compared  to 
0.45061 hp/MWh estimated quota for 2020 and 0.433548 
hp/MWh mandatory quota for 2019).

ANRE  Order  no.  15/2021  approving  the  Procedure  for  the 
connection  to  the  public  interest  electricity  networks  of 
consumption and production sites belonging to prosumers 
owning renewable energy production plants with an installed 
capacity of 100 kW or less per consumption site:

-  the  mandatory  quota  for  2021  has  been  set  at  0.449792 
hp/MWh (compared to 0.4505 hp/MWh estimated quota 
for 2021 and 0.45074 hp/MWh mandatory quota for 2020).
ANRE Order no. 15/2022 for the approval of the Methodology 
for  establishing  the  rules  for  the  marketing  of  electricity 
produced in power plants from renewable sources with an 
installed electrical power not exceeding 400 kW per place 
of consumption belonging to prosumer:

-  the regulation is relevant for the electricity supplier as he 
can carry out, on behalf of the consumer, the procedures 
related  to  the  connection,  i.e.  the  transmission  of  the 
connection  request,  the  transmission  of  the  notification 
of  the  connection  work  to  the  distribution  operator,  the 
transmission  of  the  request  for  the  certification  of  the 
quality of prosumer.

ANRE  Order  no.  50/2021  for  the  approval  of  the  rules  for 
the marketing of electricity produced in renewable energy 
power plants with an installed electrical power of up to 100 
kW belonging to prosumers: 

-  shall  enter  into  force  on  1  May  2022  and  repeals  ANRE 
Order  no.  50/2021  approving  the  rules  for  the  trading 
of  electricity  produced  in  power  plants  from  renewable 
sources with an installed electrical power of up to 100 kW 
belonging to prosumers

-  suppliers must notify prosumers with whom they already 
have  contracts  (with  P<100kW)  about  the  change  in  the 
applicable  legal  framework  and  the  possibility  to  benefit 
from  the  quantitative  compensation  mechanism  on 
request; at the request of prosumers, suppliers must send 
signed contracts within 10 days;

-  The new rules are applicable from 1 July 2021;
- 

it  is  introduced,  compared  to  the  previous  division  into 
individual  consumers  and  corporate  consumers,  the 
division  into  individual  consumers  with  max.  27  kW 
installed capacity, respectively individual consumers over 

-  for  the  application  on  demand  of  the  quantitative 
compensation  mechanism, 
installed  electrical 
power  of  the  power  plant  producing  electricity  from 
renewable  sources  shall  not  exceed  200  kW  per  place 
of  consumption;  the  quantitative  compensation  shall  be 

the 

27  kW  and  max.  100  kW  and  corporate  consumers  max. 
100  kW,  in  the  application  of  the  provisions  concerning: 
determination  of  the  quantity  of  electricity  that  benefits 
from  the  special  applicable  price,  transmission  of 
measurement  data  by  invoice  or  according  to  the  sale-
purchase  contract  concluded  with  the  supplier  and 
regularization in the invoice or between invoices.

ANRE  Order  no.  52/2021  approving  the  Methodology  for 
monitoring  the  system  for  the  promotion  of  electricity 
production from renewable energy sources: 

-  The new Methodology is applicable from 1 July 2021;
- 

is taken over from the Rules for the trading of electricity 
produced by prosumers and supplemented, both in terms 
of  transmission  methods  and  content,  the  obligation  of 
suppliers to submit monthly to ANRE information on sale-
purchase contracts concluded with prosumers.

ANRE  Order  no.  131/2021  on  the  establishment  of  the 
estimated  mandatory  quota  for  the  purchase  of  green 
certificates for 2022: 

-  estimated quota value - 0.5014313 green certificates/MWh 
(compared  to  0.4505  green  certificates/MWh  estimated 
quota for 2021) 

ANRE  Order  no.  117/2021  approving  the  rules  for  reducing 
the  estimated  average  annual  impact  of  green  certificates 
(GC) in the final electricity consumer’s bill:

-  the calculation algorithm aims at maintaining the average 
impact  of  CV  in  the  final  consumer  bill  at  the  legally 
foreseen  value  of  14,5  euro/MWh,  as  long  as  the  CV 
surplus in the CV market is percentage higher or remains 
at the average value registered in the last 3 years. If the CV 
surplus in the CV market, expressed as a percentage, falls 
below the average value over the last 3 years, the average 
impact of CV in the final consumer bill will be reduced.
ANRE  Order  no.  137/2021  approving  the  Procedure  for  the 
determination  of  the  available  capacity  in  the  electricity 
networks  for  the  connection  of  new  electricity  generation 
facilities:

-  This initiative was initiated in the context of the objectives 
assumed  at  European  level  through  the  European  Green 
Deal and the „Fit for 55” package, to which Romania must 
align itself and which requires, inter alia, the construction 
of  new  electricity  production  facilities.  It  is  therefore 
necessary to determine, in particular if no reinforcements 
are made to the electricity grids, the capacity available in 
the electricity grids;

-  are  established:  rules  for  determining  the  available 
capacities in the transmission and distribution systems at 
110 kV voltage level; rules for the transparent and regular 
publication  by  the  transmission  system  operator  of  data 
on available capacities in the transmission and distribution 
systems  at  110  kV  voltage  level;  deadlines  and  frequency 
of  publication  of  data  on  available  capacities  by  system 
operators (i.i.e. monthly from 1 April 2022; bimonthly from 
1 July 2022; weekly from 1 October 2022).

- 

made  at  the  price  of  active  electricity,  and  any  surplus 
shall  be  carried  forward  for  a  maximum  of  24  months  - 
after this period, the unused quantity shall enter into the 
financial regularization process.

-  for 

the  application  on  demand  of 

the  financial 
regularization  mechanism,  the  installed  electrical  power 
of  the  power  plant  producing  electricity  from  renewable 
sources  is  more  than  200  kW,  but  not  more  than  400 
kW per consumption site; for financial compensation, the 
reference  is  the  weighted  average  price  recorded  on  the 
market  for  the  following  day  for  the  month  in  which  the 
electricity in question was produced and delivered.

ANRE  Order  no.  90/2022-  on  the  modification  and 
completion  of  the  Order  of  the  President  of  the  National 
Energy  Regulatory  Authority  no.  52/2021  for  the  approval 
of  the  Monitoring  Methodology  of  the  system  for  the 
promotion of electricity production from renewable energy 
sources

-  determines  the  mode,  format  and  frequency  of  data 
reporting: 
information  on  electricity  sale-purchase 
contracts  concluded  with  prosumers  owning  renewable 
energy  power  plants,  i.e.  the  amount  of  electricity 
benefiting  from  quantitative  compensation  (Pi<  200 
kW),  information  on  electricity  sale-purchase  contracts 
concluded  with  prosumers  owning  renewable  energy 
power plants, i.e. the quantity of electricity benefiting from 
financial balancing (Pi 200 kW and 400 kW), information 
on  directly  negotiated  bilateral  electricity  sale-purchase 
contracts concluded with prosumers.

ANRE  Order  no.  94/2022  -  amending  some  orders  of  the 
President  of  the  National  Energy  Regulatory  Authority  in 
the field of promotion of electricity from renewable energy 
sources

-  modification  of  the  threshold  of  installed  electric  power 
in power plants from renewable energy sources belonging 
to prosumers, from 100 kW to 400 kW per consumption 
place (modification of ANRE Order no. 179/2018) 

-  amend the Regulation on the organization and functioning 
of the green certificates market - ANRE Order no. 77/2017, 
in order to specify the two main categories of economic 
operators  participating  in  the  green  certificates  market, 
accredited producers of electricity from renewable energy 
sources  and  economic  operators  with  the  obligation  to 
purchase green certificates.

ANRE Order no. 95/2022 - amending and supplementing the 
Order  of  the  President  of  the  National  Energy  Regulatory 
Authority  no.  15/2022  approving  the  Methodology  for 
establishing  the  rules  for  the  sale  of  electricity  produced 
in  power  plants  from  renewable  sources  with  an  installed 
electrical  power  of  no  more  than  400  kW  per  place  of 
consumption belonging to prosumers

-  amends  ANRE  Order  no.  15/2022  in  order  to  clarify  the 
average purchase price of energy produced and delivered 
by consumers, in accordance with the provisions of GEO 
27/2022,  with  subsequent  amendments  and  additions, 
the  billing  method  and  the  elements  highlighted  in  the 
invoices;

-  for  energy  consumed  by  consumers  as  customers,  we 

have clarifications regarding the final price charged;

-  for  the  sale-purchase  contract  of  electricity  produced 
in  renewable  energy  power  plants  with  an  installed 
electrical  capacity  of  not  more  than  200  kW  per  place 
of consumption and delivered to the electricity grid - the 
contract price is the price of active electricity used by the 
electricity supplier in the supply contract concluded with 
the  consumer  as  a  consumer,  during  the  billing  period, 
established according to the methodology;

-  for  the  sale-purchase  contract  of  electricity  produced 
in  power  plants  from  renewable  energy  sources  with  an 
installed  electrical  power  of  more  than  200  kW,  but  not 
more  than  400  kW  per  consumption  site  and  delivered 
to the electricity grid - the contract price is equal to the 
weighted  average  price  recorded  on  the  market  for  the 
following  day  in  the  month  in  which  the  electricity  was 

.

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

2022

2023

2022

2023

produced  and  delivered  to  the  electricity  grid,  published 
by OPCOM.

ANRE  Order  no.  96/2022  -  for  the  approval  of  the 
Methodology for establishing the mandatory annual quota 
for the purchase of green certificates

-  methodology establishes: how to calculate the estimated 
annual  mandatory  quota  of  green  certificates  for  the 
following  year,  how  to  calculate  the  number  of  green 
certificates for the non-fulfilment of the estimated annual 
mandatory  quota  of  green  certificates,  for  each  quarter 
of analysis, by economic operators with the obligation to 
purchase green certificates, how to calculate the mandatory 
annual  quota  of  green  certificates  for  the  analysis  year, 
how to calculate the number of green certificates related 
to  the  non-fulfilment  of  the  mandatory  quota  of  green 
certificates  for  the  analysis  year  by  economic  operators 
with green certificate purchasing obligation.

-  provisions  have  been  introduced  to  exempt  from  the 
legal  quarterly  and  annual  obligation  to  purchase  green 
certificates  for  prosumers  and  producers  who  own 
renewable electricity production units 
increasing the period for reporting errors in reporting the 
quantities  of  electricity  billed/supplied  from  15  working 
days to 18 working days from the date of the decision.

- 

ANRE  Order  no.  118/2022 

-  Order  amending  and 
supplementing  the  Methodology  for  establishing  the 
mandatory  annual  quota  for  the  purchase  of  green 
certificates,  approved  by  Order  of  the  President  of  the 
National Energy Regulatory Authority no. 96/2022

-  provisions  have  been  introduced  exempting  from  the 
quarterly  and  annual 
legal  obligation  to  purchase 
green  certificates  prosumers  and  producers  who  own 
renewable  electricity  production  units  for  their  own  final 
consumption,  supplied  at  the  place  of  production  from 
renewable electricity production;

-  the  way  of  collecting  the  data  needed  to  establish  the 
estimated  annual  mandatory  green  certificate  purchase 
quota/annual mandatory green certificate purchase quota 
and the degree of non-compliance with the legal quarterly/
annual  green  certificate  purchase  obligations  has  been 
specified,  with  the  establishment  of  reporting  templates 
applicable  in  general,  but  also  with  the  establishment  of 
specific  reporting  templates  for  the  third  quarter  of  the 
2022 analysis year and for the 2022 analysis year.

ANRE  Order  no.  141/2022  -  Order  on  the  establishment  of 
the estimated mandatory quota for the purchase of green 
certificates for 2023

-  the estimated    mandatory  green  certificates  purchase 
fee  for  economic  operators  who  have  the  obligation  to 
purchase  green  certificates  for  the  year  2023  is  set  at 
0.4943963 green certificates/MWh. 

with subsequent amendments and additions, according to 
which,  after  the  2020-2021  extraction  cycle,  natural  gas 
storage will no longer be a regulated activity;

-  Therefore,  as  of  1  April  2021,  tariffs  for  underground  gas 
storage service are no longer regulated by ANRE, but set 
by storage operators, and access to storage facilities (i.e. 
the related conditions) will be negotiated between storage 
operators and users.

ANRE Order no. 111/2021 amending ANRE Order no. 123/2017 
approving the contribution for high efficiency cogeneration:
-  The  new  contribution,  valid  from  1  November  2021,  is 
reflected in the final price of electricity and is approximately 
50%  higher  than  the  previously  applicable  amount  (i.e. 
0.02554 lei/kWh from 0.01712 lei/kWh).

ANRE Orders no. 118-123/2021 approving the specific tariffs 
for  the  electricity  distribution  service  and  the  price  for 
reactive electricity: 

-  The new tariffs are applicable from 1 January 2022; 
-  Low  voltage  tariffs  for  Distributie  Energie  Electrica 

Romania are 10% to 14% higher than in 2021. 

ANRE  Order  no.  124/2021  approving  the  average  tariff  for 
the electricity transmission service, the components of the 
transmission tariff for the introduction of electricity into the 
grid (T_G) and for the extraction of electricity from the grid 
(T_L),  the  tariff  for  the  system  service  and  the  regulated 
price for reactive electricity, charged by Transelectrica: 

-  the new values are applicable from 1 January 2022;
-  the average tariff for electricity transmission service is up 

16.6% compared to 2021. 

ANRE Order no. 143/2021 approving the tariffs and financial 
contributions  charged  by  the  National  Energy  Regulatory 
Authority in 2022: 

- 

-  the amount of the annual contribution for supply licensees 
will be 0.1% of turnover for electricity (compared to 0.2% in 
2021), respectively 0.056 lei/MWH for natural gas;
in the context of the application of the support schemes 
for  customers  to  pay  energy  bills,  approved  by  GEO  no. 
118/2021,  approved  with  amendments  and  additions  by 
Law  no.  259/2021,  clarifications  are  provided  regarding 
the determination of turnover as the basis for calculating 
the  financial  contribution  due  to  ANRE,  namely  the  net 
turnover, without including the value of green certificates 
and the value of the cogeneration contribution invoiced to 
final customers.

.

Regulated tariffs and other taxes/fees

Regulated tariffs and other taxes/fees

ANRE Order no. 10/2021 amending ANRE Order no. 214/2020 
approving the average tariff for the transmission service, the 
components  of  the  transmission  tariff  for  the  introduction 
of  electricity  into  the  grid  (TG)  and  for  the  extraction  of 
electricity from the grid (TL), the tariff for the system service 
and the regulated price for reactive electricity, charged by 
Transelectrica S.A.:

-  the new tariff values are applicable from 1 March 2021; 
-  transmission tariff - component of electricity feed-in - TG = 

1.3 RON/MWh (same level as above);

-  transmission  tariff  -  component  of  electricity  extraction 
from the grid - TL = 19.22 RON/MWh (same level as above);
-  system service charge = 10.82 RON/MWh (9.5% reduction 

from previous level).

ANRE Orders no. 27 - 31/2022 - for the modification of the 
Annex  to  ANRE  Orders  no.  118  -  123/2021  on  the  approval 
of the specific tariffs for the electricity distribution service 
and the price for reactive electricity, for Delgaz Grid - S.A/
Societatea  Distributie  Energie  Electrica  Romania  -  S.A/
Societatea  Distributie  Energie  Oltenia  -  S.A/Societatea 
E-Distributie Banat - S.A/Societatea E-Distributie Dobrogea 
- S.A./Societatea E-Distributie Muntenia - S.A.

-  The new tariffs are applicable from 1 April 2022;
-  Low  voltage  tariffs 

for  Electrica  Romania  Energy 
Distribution are 17%- 25% higher than in the first quarter of 
2022 (there were increases for all categories, respectively 
the lowest of 9.1% at IT - Transilvania Nord and the highest 
of 30.2% at MT-Muntenia Nord).

ANRE Order no. 21/2021 repealing ANRE Order no. 14/2019 
approving the Methodology for setting regulated tariffs for 
the provision of underground gas storage services:

-  The  order  aims  to  implement  the  amendments  made  in 
2020 to the Electricity and Natural Gas Law no. 123/2012, 

ANRE  Order  no.  33/2022-  for  the  modification  of  Annex 
no.  1  to  the  Order  of  the  President  of  the  National  Energy 
Regulatory  Authority  no.  124/2021  on  the  approval  of  the 
average  tariff  for  the  electricity  transmission  service,  the 
components  of  the  transmission  tariff  for  the  introduction 

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of  electricity  into  the  grid  (TG)  and  for  the  extraction 
of  electricity  from  the  grid  (TL),  the  tariff  for  the  system 
service  and  the  regulated  price  for  reactive  electricity, 
charged by the National Electricity Transmission Company 
“Transelectrica” - S.A.

-  the new tariffs are applicable from 1 April 2022; the average 
tariff  for  the  electricity  transmission  service  is  higher  by 
17.3%, the transmission tariff - the component for feeding 
electricity  into  the  grid  is  higher  by  69.8%  (TG  is  -  2.53 
RON/MWh),  the  transmission  tariff  -  the  component  for 
withdrawing  electricity  from  the  grid  is  higher  by  13.8% 
(TL  is  -  25.57  RON/MWh)  compared  to  the  first  quarter 
of 2022.

ANRE Order no. 67/2022 - on the application in April 2022 
of  the  provisions  of  Article  23  of  the  Methodology  for 
determining  and  monitoring  the  contribution  for  high-
efficiency  cogeneration,  approved  by  the  Order  of  the 
President of the National Energy Regulatory Authority no. 
117/2013

-  During April 2022, ANRE shall analyse the amount of the 
contribution  for  cogeneration,  and  if  it  varies  by  more 
than +/- 2.5% compared to the value in force, by 30 April 
2022, the new value of the contribution for 2022 shall be 
approved by ANRE order.

ANRE  Order  no.  69/2022  amending  the  Order  of  the 
President of the National Energy Regulatory Authority no. 
123/2017  on  the  approval  of  the  contribution  for  efficient 
cogeneration and of some provisions on its billing

-  Starting  from  1  May,  the  contribution  for  efficient 

cogeneration is 0.02044 RON/kWh, excluding VAT.

ANRE  Order  no.  130/2022  -  Order  amending  the  Order  of 
the President of the National Energy Regulatory Authority 
no. 123/2017 on the approval of the contribution for efficient 
cogeneration and of some provisions on its billing

-  Starting  from  1  November  2022,  the  contribution  for 
efficient  cogeneration  is  0.00333  RON/kWh,  excluding 
VAT, with a percentage decrease of 83% compared to the 
previous value, i.e. a decrease of 0.01711 RON/KWh.

ANRE Order no. 140/2022 - Order approving the tariffs and 
financial  contributions  charged  by  the  National  Energy 
Regulatory Authority in 2023

-  for  the  holders  of  the  electricity  supply  license,  the 
annual bonus contribution is established on the basis of a 
percentage rate of 0.1% applied to the turnover achieved 
by  them  in  2022  from  the  commercial  activities  covered 
by  the  electricity  supply  license,  but  not  less  than  RON 
3,125.  The  basis  for  calculating  the  financial  contribution 
levied by ANRE is the net turnover, defined and calculated 
in  accordance  with  the  accounting  regulations  in  force, 
which  includes  the  revenues  recorded  from  the  activity 
of  electricity  supply  -  including  those  corresponding 
to  green  certificates  and  the  contribution  of  efficient 
cogeneration,  to  which  is  added  the  revenues  recorded 
from the application of the measures of the compensation 
scheme  for  electricity  consumption  and  those  related  to 
the compensation granted for the implementation of the 
measures  applicable  to  final  customers  in  the  electricity 
market.

-  the  annual  tariff  for  carrying  out  activities  in  the  natural 
gas sector on the basis of a license - Supply of natural gas 
is 0.168 RON/MWh.

ANRE  Order  no.  139/2022  -  Order  approving  the  tariffs 

charged by the Designated Electricity Market Operator

-  the  tariffs  charged  by  OPCOM  for  the  services  rendered 
for  the  performance  of  activities  in  2023  are  approved: 
Management  tariff  -  category  A  participants  -  21,574 
RON/participant/year,  Management  tariff  -  category  B 
participants – 35,956 RON/participant/year, Trading tariff 
- 0.48 RON/MWh.

ANRE  Order  no.  142/2022  -  Order  amending  the  Order  of 
the President of the National Energy Regulatory Authority 
no. 123/2017 on the approval of the contribution for efficient 
cogeneration and of some provisions on its billing.

-  from  1  January  2023  the  contribution  for  efficient 

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

2022

2023

2022

2023

under  the  licence,  including  reference  to  the  electricity 
market(s) in which he intends to participate).

Smart metering systems (SMI) for electricity 

ANRE Order no. 94/2021 on the amendment and completion 
of  the  Framework  Conditions  for  the  implementation 
schedule  of  smart  metering  systems  at  national  level 
approved  by  ANRE  Order  no.  177/2018  and  on  the 
amendment  of  ANRE  Order  no.  88/2015  for  the  approval 
of  the  framework  contracts  for  the  supply  of  electricity  to 
household and non-household customers of suppliers of last 
resort, of the general conditions for the supply of electricity 
to  final  customers  of  suppliers  of  last  resort,  of  the  model 
electricity  bill  and  the  model  electricity  consumption 
agreement, used by suppliers of last resort:

-  The  amendments  and  additions  with  an  impact  on  the 
activity  of  suppliers,  applicable  from  1  January  2022, 
concern the following aspects: the processing of personal 
data, collected and transited through the SMI (i.e. on the 
basis of the customer’s consent, the obtaining of which is 
the obligation of the supplier for contracts with included 
regulated services); informing users about the integration 
of the place of consumption  in the SMI (which,  for  SoLR 
customers will be carried out by the SoLR by sending an 
annex,  part  of  the  supply  contract);  billing  of  energy  at 
the  place  of  consumption/production  and  consumption 
integrated  into  the  SMI  (which,  for  SoLR  customers,  will 
be  carried  out  by  the  SoLR  exclusively  on  the  basis  of 
data recorded by the SMI, with one exception); billing of 
the energy distribution service for places of consumption 
registered in the SMI (which will be carried out exclusively 
on the basis of measurement data recorded by the SMI).

Unbundling in the gas sector 

ANRE  Order  no.  93/2021  amending  the  Regulation  on  the 
accounting  separation  of  activities  carried  out  by  natural 
gas licensees approved by ANRE Order no. 21/2020:

-  of  interest  are  the  provisions  relating  to  the  activity  of 
last  resort  supply  of  natural  gas  (unregulated  activity 
under the current ANRE regulations, in force from 2020), 
in  relation  to  which  the  obligation  to  keep  separate 
accounting records and to submit related reports to ANRE 
is conditional on its realization at regulated prices.

cogeneration  is  approved  at  the  amount  of  0.00  RON/
kWh.

ANRE  Order  no.  144/2022  -  Order  approving  the  tariff  for 
the acquisition of system services for the transmission and 
system  operator  National  Power  Transmission  Company 
“Transelectrica” - S.A.

-  the tariff for the purchase of system services charged by 
the National Power Transmission Company “Transelectrica” 
- S.A., valid from 1 January 2023 is 7.73 RON/MWh.

Investigations on the energy market  

Investigations on the energy market

ANRE  Order  no.  22/2021  amending  and  supplementing 
the Regulation on the organization and conduct of energy 
investigation  activities  regarding  the  functioning  of  the 
wholesale  energy  market,  approved  by  ANRE  Order  no. 
25/2017:

-  the  amendments  to  the  Regulation  concern,  among 
other  things,  the  procedure  for  resolving  complaints/
submissions,  the  provision  of  data,  information  and 
documents requested by ANRE, the rights of members of 
the investigation team in relation to market participants.

ANRE  Order  no.  143/2022  -  Order  amending  and 
supplementing the Regulation for the detection, notification 
and sanctioning of violations of regulations issued in the field 
of energy applicable to the control activities carried out by 
the National Energy Regulatory Authority, approved by the 
Order  of  the  President  of  the  National  Energy  Regulatory 
Authority no. 62/2013

- 

inspection  control  actions  are  carried  out  on  the  basis 
of  the  annual  control  programme,  unannounced  control 
action  is  carried  out  without  prior  notification  of  the 
persons, etc.

Authorisations and licences

ANRE  Order  no.  24/2021  amending  and  supplementing 

some ANRE orders:

-  amendments  to  the  Conditions  of  validity  associated 
with  the  natural  gas  supply  licence  were  approved:  e.g. 
obligation  to  notify  ANRE,  within  5  working  days,  for 
any  changes  in  the  name,  registered  office  or  contact 
details;  elimination  of  the  obligation  to  notify  ANRE  on 
decisions  to  change/constitute/disband  the  main  or 
secondary  office(s),  single  points  of  contact,  regional/
local  information  points;  completion  of  the  methods 
of  communication  with  or  transmission  of  information 
to  ANRE  (e.g.  including  magnetic  support  -  CD/DVD/
memory  stick  transmitted/displayed  at  ANRE’s  registry; 
by uploading on ANRE’s website, etc.).

ANRE Order no. 42/2021 on the approval of the framework 
conditions  of  validity  associated  with  the  license  for  the 
activity of natural gas trader:

-  the  rights  and  obligations  of  the  holders  of  the  natural 
gas  trader  license  are  established,  with  the  mention  that 
the  trader  license  is  absolutely  necessary  only  in  case  of 
carrying out this activity exclusively, otherwise, the natural 
gas  supply  license  also  allows  the  carrying  out  of  the 
trading activity.

ANRE  Orders  no.  103  and  112  of  2021  amending  and 
supplementing 
the  granting  of 
the  Regulation  on 
establishment authorizations and licenses in the natural gas 
sector (approved by ANRE Order no. 199/2020):

-  the  procedure  for  withdrawing  a  licence  on  request  is 
modified in order to make it easier (i.e. reasoned request 
and  confirmation  of  fulfilment  of  obligations  to  ANRE, 
plus, for the gas supply licence, no longer carrying out the 
activity of supplying natural gas at the time of submitting 
the request). As regards the supply licence, the possibility 
of withdrawing the licence on request becomes practically 
inoperable. 

ANRE  Order  no.  115/2021  on  the  amendment  of  the 
Regulation  for  granting  licenses  and  authorizations  in  the 
electricity sector (approved by ANRE Order no. 12/2015): 
-  the  procedure  for  the  withdrawal  of  the  license  at  the 
initiative of the licensee is made more difficult by making 
it  conditional,  in  addition  to  the  confirmation  of  the 
fulfilment of the obligations to ANRE, on the requirement 
that  the  applicant  holding  a  license  for  the  electricity 
supply activity no longer carries out the electricity supply 
activity  for  which  it  holds  the  license  at  the  time  of  the 
application;
is completed, inter alia, the documentation to be submitted 
by the applicant for a licence for the aggregation activity 
(e.g. with the description of the business he will carry out 

- 

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

A.3.2. Changes to the legal framework in 2022/2023 up 
to the date of approval of the financial statements

The following are the relevant legislative changes that took place at Group level in the peri-
od between the end of the financial year 2021 and the date of the published report, respectively in 
the period between the end of the financial year 2022 and the date of this report. 

A.3.2.1. Distribution segment 

2022

2023

Regulations regarding tariffs: 

ANRE  Order  no.  6/2023  for  completing  the  Procedure 
regarding the substantiation and approval of TSO and DSO 
investment plans, approved by ANRE Order no. 98/2022 - 
effective from 13 February 2023 

The  amendment  proposals  consider  the  recognition  of  DO 
investments  in  energy  storage  and  production  for  internal 
consumption from stations and NL:

-  the inclusion in the category of justifiable investments of 
energy production facilities from renewable sources for NL 
supply and internal consumption from the stations;

-  the inclusion of electricity storage facilities in the category 

of necessary investments;

-  the possibility for DO to own storage facilities, by way of 
exception from the provisions of the Energy Law (art. 46^1 
par. (1)), only with prior approval by ANRE;

-  establishing  the  method  of  calculating  the  economic 
efficiency  of  investments  in  production/storage,  with  a 
view to recognition by ANRE (Annex no. 8).

ANRE order no. 1/2023 for the modification and completion 
of  some  orders  of  the  president  of  the  National  Energy 
Regulatory Authority effective from 17 January 2023

-  Methodology for the evaluation of investments in projects 
of  common  interest  (PCI)  approved  by  ANRE  Order  no. 
139/2015 is amended as follows:
o  expanding the scope of the Methodology for DO invest-

ments (in addition to TSOs)

o  granting a 1% RRR incentive for PCI
o  expanding the scope of the type of PCI from electrical 
transmission networks, to: a) electrical electrical trans-
mission  and  distribution  networks;  b)  offshore  net-
works  for  energy  from  renewable  sources;  c)  projects 
that  integrate  innovative  technical  solutions  and  that, 
although they have low capital costs, involve significant 
operating costs.

-  The  methodology  for  establishing  the  distribution  tariffs 
-  is  modified  and  provides  for  the  granting  of  the  RRR 
incentive of 2% for investments from EU funds only if they 
have not benefited from the PCI incentive

-  The  project  was  developed  as  a  result  of  ANRE’s 
obligation  to  present  to  ACER,  until  24  January  2023, 
the  methodology  and  criteria  used  for  the  evaluation  of 
investments,  in  the  sense  of  alignment  with  Regulation 
(EU) 2022/869:

-  energy infrastructure projects and high risk assessment
-  the  specific  risks  to  which  offshore  networks  for  energy 

from renewable sources are exposed

Draft  Order  regarding  the  modification  and  completion  of 

ANRE orders - public consultation

- 

-  Energy  technical  norm  regarding  the  determination  of 
own technological consumption in public interest electric 
networks - NTE 013/16/00, approved by ANRE Order no. 
26/2016
it  is  stipulated  that  the  determination  of  the  quotas 
assigned  to  the  producers  and  the  transport  operator 
from the amount of NL related to the additional transit of 
electricity from the 110 kV  electrical  networks, should  be 
carried out by the DSO

2022

2023

-  The methodology for establishing tariffs for the electricity 
distribution service, approved by ANRE Order no. 169/2018
-  DSO  recovers  from  the  TSO  the  counter  value  of  the 
amount of NL related to the additional transit of electricity, 
for the quotas assigned to producers and TSOs.

-  the  amount  of  NL  related  to  the  additional  transit  of 
electricity from the 110 kV electrical networks, determined 
according  to  ANRE  regulations,  is  taken  into  account  in 
the annual correction of the regulated NL at the request of 
the operator, by reducing the amount of NL realized.

-  the  revenues  recorded  from  the  recovery  from  the  TSO 
of  the  counter  value  of  the  amount  of  NL  related  to  the 
additional  transit  of  electricity  from  the  110  kV  electrical 
networks are not taken into account when determining the 
corrections of the regulated income.

-  The methodology for establishing tariffs for the electricity 
transmission service, approved by ANRE Order no. 171/2019
-  the  costs  recorded  in  the  year  t-2  corresponding  to  the 
amount of NL related to the additional transit of electricity 
from  the  110  kV  electrical  networks  of  the  DSO,  for  the 
quotas assigned to the producers and TSOs, are included 
in the regulated income of the year t of the TSO.

-  TSO will recover through Tg the costs related to the quotas 

assigned to the producers from the stipulated costs.

Technical regulations - Network connection

ANRE  Order  no.  3/2023  regarding  the  approval  of  the 
Technical Norm “Technical requirements for connection to 
public  interest  electrical  networks  for  electricity  storage 
facilities  and  the  notification  procedure  for  connecting 
electricity  storage  facilities”  -  effective  from  20  March 
2023 

The norm was developed by the TSO, it establishes technical 

requirements for connected storage facilities:

- 

individually to the public electricity network, classified in 
categories A, B, C and D similarly to electricity production 
facilities;

-  within the electricity production sites;
-  within the places of electricity consumption.
ANRE Order no. 4/2023 for the modification and completion 
of  some  orders  of  the  president  of  the  National  Energy 
Regulatory  Authority  in  the  field  of  connecting  users  to 
the  public  interest  electrical  network  -  effective  from  3 
February 2023

the modification and completion of the following regulations, 
in  the  sense  of  including  the  possibility  for  household 
customers,  PFA,  individual  businesses,  family  businesses 
and  public  institutions  whose  places  of  consumption  are 
connected  to  LV,  as  well  as  prosumers,  to  purchase  the 
measuring  group  or  the  fully  equipped  protection  and 
measuring  block,  including  the  meter  in  compliance  with 
the technical specifications made available by DSO/TSO:

Connection Regulation
-  The procedure regarding the connection to LV networks of 

household customers - ANRE Order no. 18/2022

-  Connection  framework  contracts  -  ANRE  Order  no. 

105/2022

-  The procedure regarding the connection to the networks 

of prosumers - ANRE Order no. 19/2022

The DSO/TSO is obliged to reimburse the user the value of 
these equipments at the terms established in the connection 
contracts; reimbursement is made on the basis of supporting 
documents presented by the user, without being limited to: 
tax  invoice,  compliance  certificates,  warranty  certificates, 
etc.

-  the obligation of the DSO to install the meter is maintained, 
the  deadlines  in  force  stipulated  in  the  connection 
contracts being maintained.

Draft  order  for  the  amendment  and  completion  of  ANRE 
President’s  Order  no.  239/2019  for  the  approval  of  the 
Technical  Technical  Norm  regarding  the  delimitation  of 
protection  and  safety  zones  related  to  energy  capacities 
- public consultation

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2023

-  clarifications  regarding  the  use  of  the  formula  for 
calculating the size of the safety zone Z(sig), established 
in point 2.3 of Annex no. 6 from Norm;

-  the restriction regarding the application of the provisions 
of the Norm in the regulated passage corridor of the LEA, 
respectively  in  the  area  located  between  the  limit  of  the 
safety zone and the limit of the regulated passage corridor, 
and  their  application  only  in  the  safety  zone  of  the  LEA, 
whose width is calculated with formula from point 2.3 of 
Annex no. 6 from Norm;

-  the conditions under which the risk analysis will be required 
were  specified,  depending  on  the  positioning  of  the 
objectives in relation to the safety zone and respectively 
in  the  area  located  between  the  limit  of  the  safety  zone 
and the limit of the standard passageway;

-  provisions  were  established  regarding  the  placement  of 

photovoltaic panels on the roof of buildings. 

Draft  Order  regarding  the  modification  and  completion  of 
the Methodology for data exchange between the transport 
operator  and  the  system,  distribution  operators  and 
significant  network  users  approved  by  ANRE  Order  no. 
233/2019 – public consultation

-  the introduction of electricity storage facilities connected 
individually  to  the  electrical  network,  with  a  response 
in  providing  active  power  distinctly  from  electricity 
production facilities;

-  detailing the relevant system users who are the subject of 

information transmission to DO and TSO;

-  detailing  the  method  of  transmitting  data  from  relevant 

- 

system users, directly and indirectly, to DO and TSO.
In  addition  to  the  draft  order  from  phase  I  and  in 
accordance with the provisions of the norm for connecting 
storage facilities, it is necessary to specify:
o  communication  path,  redundancy  and  data  exchange 
for  storage  facilities.  These  storage  facilities  can  be 
linked  to  the  electricity  production  facility  or  can  be 
operated independently.

o  how the scheduled and planned data exchange is car-
ried out until the provisions of ANRE Order no. 127/2021, 
with subsequent amendments and additions.

Draft  Order  for  the  amendment  and  completion  of  ANRE 
Order  no.  102/2015  for  the  approval  of  the  Regulation 
on the establishment of solutions for connecting users to 
electric networks of public interest - public consultation
-  addition  to  the  list  of  situations  in  which  the  connection 

solution is determined by the solution sheet:
o  of  consumption  places  owned  by  authorized  natural 
person  users,  individual  businesses,  family  businesses 
and public institutions that connect to the low voltage 
network, regardless of the requested power;

o  of  the  places  of  consumption  and  production  belong-
ing to prosumers who own electricity production units 
from renewable sources with an installed power of no 
more than 400 kW per place of consumption;

o  of the local public authorities that have the capacity to 
produce electricity from renewable sources made, par-
tially or totally, from structural funds, and that benefit 
from the suppliers with whom they have an electricity 
supply contract, on request, from the financial regular-
ization service .

-  the  introduction  of  the  provision  according  to  which  the 
solution study must also contain connection options with 
the operational limitation of the maximum power that can 
be discharged into the network in the situations/operation 
regimes  with  N-1  elements  in  operation  that  have  the 
effect  of  overloading  the  network  and,  consequently, 
the  impossibility  of  the  network  elements  remaining  in 
operation and of the network as a whole to function for an 
unlimited time under these conditions.

-  the  introduction  of  the  provision  according  to  which  in 
the solution sheet or, as the case may be, in the solution 
study,  it  must  be  highlighted  whether  in  the  connection 
solution  electrical  networks  were  considered  for  which 
strengthening works were executed or are being executed 

to  create  the  technical  conditions  necessary  to  connect 
several  production/consumption  and  production  sites 
(general  strengthening  works),  financed  by  users  who 
benefit  from  the  same  strengthening  works  and  whose 
utility  installations  are  energized  before  the  user’s  own 
utility installations. It is also provided that, in this case, the 
data  on  which  the  participation  quotas  due  to  the  users 
who financed the strengthening works are calculated are 
to be specified in the solution sheet or, as the case may be, 
in the solution study.

-  elimination  of  the  phrase  dispatchable/non-dispatchable 
with regard to generating units/power plants considering 
the provisions of ANRE Order no. 127/2021.

Draft  Order  for  the  modification  and  completion  of  the 
Methodology  for  establishing  user  connection  rates  to 
public  interest  electrical  networks,  approved  by  ANRE 
Order no. 11/2014 – public consultation

- 

-  completion of the list of normative acts, with ANRE Order 
no. 105/2022, where the two types of strengthening works 
are defined: specific and general;
if  general  strengthening  works  are  needed  to  connect  a 
production site or a consumption and production site, the 
calculation method currently provided in the Methodology 
is  maintained.  Thus,  the  users  will  bear  the  costs  of  the 
general  strengthening  works  established  on  the  basis  of 
the general estimate, but no more than a calculation value, 
established  taking  into  account  the  power  approved  for 
discharge  into  the  network  for  the  respective  place  of 
production/consumption  and  production,  as  well  as  the 
specific rates approved by ANRE.

Draft  order  for  the  amendment  and  completion  of  ANRE 
Order no. 95/2018 regarding the approval of the man-
datory clauses in the contracts for the provision of ser-
vices in order to carry out the connection works to the 
electric grids of public interest - public consultation

-  the  proposed  amendment  refers  to  the  price  that  DSO/
TSO pays to the economic operator certified by ANRE for 
the  provision  of  services  for  connection  works  to  public 
interest electrical networks;

-  the provision according to which the price of the contract, 
initially estimated, is fixed is replaced by a provision that 
orders  the  updating  of  this  price,  corresponding  to  the 
effective consideration of the services performed for the 
realization  of  the  connection  installation.  The  price  of 
the  contract,  initially  estimated,  represents  the  costs  for 
making  the  connection  installation  established  by  the 
DSO/TSO through the connection tariff or, if the contract 
is  concluded  by  the  DSO/TSO  with  a  specific  designer 
and/or certified builder, chosen by the user, the price is the 
agreed  following  the  negotiation  between  the  economic 
operator and the user.

-  the price update will be carried out through an addendum 

- 

to the contract.
it  is  proposed  to  include  a  provision  according  to  which 
the provisions of the order should apply including to users 
for  whom,  on  the  date  of  entry  into  force  of  the  order, 
DSO/TSO  have  concluded  contracts  for  the  provision 
of  services  in  order  to  carry  out  connection  works  to 
the  public  interest  electrical  networks,  but  for  which  the 
installations connection were not put into operation.

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

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2023

2022

2023

Licenses

Draft  Order  regarding  the  approval  of  the  Regulation  for 
the  authorization  of  electricians  in  the  field  of  electrical 
respectively  of  project  verifiers  and 
installations, 
quality  technical  and  extrajudicial  experts  in  the  field  of 
technological electrical installations – public consultation
-  the proof of the qualifications of an authorized electrician 
in the field of electrical installations, an authorized project 
verifier  or  a  quality  technical  expert  and  authorized 
extrajudicial 
in  the  field  of  technological  electrical 
installations  will  be  achieved  by  the  issuance  by  the 
competent  authority  of  an  identity  document,  a  nominal 
and non-transferable document;

-  the  method  of  submission  of  documents  by  applicants 
will  be  realized  by  uploading  them  on  the  ANRE  portal 
or in the PCUe platform and eliminating the possibility of 
submitting them directly to the ANRE registry or by post;

- 

-  modification  of  the  procedure 
for 

for  organizing  the 
examination 
the  authorization  of  electricians, 
respectively the interview for the authorization of project 
verifiers,  as  well  as  quality  technical  and  extrajudicial 
experts in the field of technological electrical installations;
it  is  proposed  to  facilitate  obtaining  the  qualification  of 
licensed  electrician,  by  completing  the  list  of  acceptable 
professional qualifications (CPA) with a new qualification 
(CPA  4.1)  which  is  applicable  to  qualified  workers  in  the 
field  of  energy,  electrotechnical,  electromechanical  or 
electrical  installations  for  constructions,  having  also  the 
diploma baccalaureate in a field other than these.

Commercial Regulations

ANRE Order no. 5/2023 for the approval of the Regulation 
for the supply of electricity to final customers - effective 
from 6 February 2023

-  the  need  to  correlate  the  provisions  of  the  Electricity 
Supply  Regulation  to  final  customers  with  the  provisions 
of  Law  no.  123/2012  of  electricity  and  natural  gas,  as 
amended  and  supplemented  by  GEO  no.  143/2021,  and 
Annex 1 to Directive (EU) 2019/944.

-  elimination of the provisions that refer to the activity of the 
DO in the relationship with the supplier and its obligations 
regarding its own activity

-  detailing  the  way  in  which  DO  ensures  unrestricted,  free 
and guaranteed access to the information in the database 
regarding  the  places  of  consumption  connected  to  the 
electrical distribution network in the license area;

-  the  introduction  of  the  notion  of  an  active  client,  the 
quality of an active client is certified, by the DSO/TSO, for:
-  participation in flexibility or energy efficiency programs, to 
which the customer’s place of consumption is connected;
-  the production of electricity, by the DSO/TSO to which the 

place of consumption and production is connected;

-  elimination of the obligation to conclude the consumption 
agreement  by  the  customer  at  the  conclusion  of  the 
electricity supply contract;

-  the  customer’s  possibility  to  ask  the  supplier  to  change 
the monthly values from the consumption agreement for a 
determined period, these being applied by the DO and the 
supplier  starting  with  the  1st  of  the  month  following  the 
one in which he received the new values;

-  the  consumption  data  from  the  consumption  agreement 
can be modified by the DO at any time during the execution 
of the electricity supply contract, including the data from 
the consumption agreement modified by the customer, in 
order to adapt to the actual consumption achieved;

-  DO has the obligation to verify the necessity of changing 
the data related to the consumption convention with the 
same  frequency  with  which  the  reading  of  the  index  of 
the  measurement  group  takes  place.  If  the  DO  modifies 
the  data  in  the  consumption  agreement,  it  transmits  the 
modified values to the supplier;

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- 

-  the introduction of the obligation of the DO to ensure the 
reading of the index of the measurement group at a time 
interval  of  maximum  3  months  in  the  case  of  places  of 
consumption  belonging  to  household  customers,  except 
for those integrated in the SMI;
in  the  event  that  the  DO  has  not  performed  the  reading 
within the time frame established by the legal provisions in 
force, in order to issue the regularization invoice, the latest 
self-read  index  and  communicated  by  the  client  is  used 
after  the  most  recent  index  read  and  communicated  by 
the  DO.  The  regularization  period  cannot  be  longer  than 
3 years;

-  elimination of the conditions for concluding the distribution 
contract directly by the end customer; specifying that the 
conclusion  of  the  distribution  contract  must  be  carried 
out  by  the  final  customer  with  the  DO  only  if  the  place 
of consumption has several suppliers at the same time or 
is  the  subject  of  participation  in  the  aggregation  by  an 
independent aggregator;

ANRE Order no. 13/2023 for approval the contract - frame-
work for the provision of electricity in the universal ser-
vice regime, the general conditions for the provision of 
electricity  in  the  universal  service  regime  and  the  in-
voice model applicable to household customers – it has 
not yet been published in the MO 

Through the draft order, the following was proposed:

1. the  contract  -  universal  service  electricity  supply 
framework  -  regulates  the  way  in  which  the  contracts  in 
force are applied under the conditions of entry into force of 
the order and also provides that the price from the universal 
service offer is applied for a period of minimum 3 months. 
Provisions with impact on DO:

-  the  reading  interval  of  the  index  of  the  measurement 

group is at most 3 months;

-  regularization  of  electricity  consumption  is  done  for  a 
maximum of 3 months and is included in the first invoice 
issued after reading the index by the distribution operator 
(DO);

- 

-  the  compensations  and  punitive 

-  communication through the invoice of the time interval for 
reading  the  index  of  the  measurement  group  by  the  DO 
representative;
invoicing based on the data established by the electricity 
consumption convention for the invoicing periods in which 
the index of the measurement group is not read and the 
household customer does not transmit the self-read index;
interest  that  the 
household customer is entitled to receive for the supplier’s 
non-compliance  with  the  obligations  set  forth  in  the 
Performance Standard for the activity of electricity supply 
and for the distribution operator’s non-compliance with the 
performance  indicators  provided  for  in  the  Performance 
Standard for the electricity distribution service, in force.
2. the general conditions for the provision of electricity in 
the universal service regime - are proposed to be approved 
separately  from  the  framework  contract,  so  that  they  can 
be published on the supplier’s website and do not require 
printing and physical attachment.

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3. the  invoice  model  applicable  to  household  customers  - 
the  invoices  issued  for  electricity  consumption  registered 
starting  from  1  April  2023  must  comply  with  the  Invoice 
Model in Annex 3 which contains the information provided 
in the Regulation, respectively information from the invoice 
and information from the annex to the invoice.

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2022

2023

Electricity market functioning 

Electricity market functioning

ANRE  order  3/2022  approval  of  the  Regulation  on  the 
organization  and  functioning  of  the  online  platform  for 
switching suppliers (POSF) and for contracting the supply 
of  electricity  and  natural  gas  –  in  force  starting  with  28 
August 2022

-  The  online  platform  (POSF)  is  unique  at  national  level, 
the  end  customers  and  economic  operators  involved  in 
switching suppliers and contracting the supply are obliged 
to use this platform exclusively.
Implementation  of  the  platform  starting  with  28  August 
2022.

- 

-  Duration of the supplier change process 24 hours
-  The client is obliged to register the self-read index in POSF
-  The  customer  loads  the  self-read  index  at  the  initiation 
of  the  supplier  change  process  and  a  second  self-read 
index  at  the  date  of  the  actual  supplier  change.  If  the 
final customer does not load the index on the date of the 
actual supplier change, the OD is required to record in the 
POSF,  within  5  days  from  the  date  of  the  actual  supplier 
change by the final customer, the index read by the OD or 
provided by the smart measurement system.

-  The  regulation  details:  The  organization  and  operation 
of  POSF,  the  content  of  the  POSF  database,  the  data 
necessary for the creation of the access account in POSF, 
the rights and obligations of POSF users, the rules on the 
conclusion of the supply contract, the effective procedure 
for changing the provider.

-  ANRE  is  the  administrator  and  operator  of  the  Online 
Platform  for  the  change  by  the  final  customer  of  the 
electricity and/or natural gas supplier (POSF)

-  During  the  period  between  the  date  of  entry  into  force 
of the order and 28 August 2022, all economic operators 
are  obliged  to  comply  with  any  ANRE  requests  for  the 
implementation and implementation of POSF.

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ANRE Order no. 12/2023 for the approval of the Regulation 
regarding  the  organized  framework  for  trading  on  the 
organized  future  electricity  markets  administered  by  the 
Electric Energy and Natural Gas Market Operator OPCOM 
S.A., which aims to simplify the organized framework for 
trading  electricity  on  the  markets  organized  by  future 
electricity, through the trading platforms managed by S.C. 
OPCOM S.A. – it has not yet been published in the MO    

This draft order provided rules that refer to:
-  the  types  of  products  that  can  be  traded  on  the 

standardized and flexible term product markets;

-  the method of establishing offers for the sale or purchase 

of electricity;

-  the way of organizing auctions/trading sessions;
-  the  way  of  establishing  transactions  and  contracting  the 

traded energy;

-  the  way  of  managing  and  publishing  information  on 

participants, offers and concluded transactions.

Draft  Order  for  the  approval  of  the  Regulation  on  the 
organization  and  operation  of  the  organized  electricity 
market, administered by the Romanian Stock Exchange - 
S.A. – public consultation
It provides rules that refer to:
Introduction of a chapter on organized market segments
- 
-  The introduction of new products, namely flexible products 
and products derived from the field of electricity, settled 
by physical delivery

-  Description of the trading mechanisms used
-  Expanding market transparency information
- 

Introduction  of  requirements  regarding  the  use  of  a 
liquidity provider

Upon entry into force of the order, ANRE Order no. 117/2022 
for  the  approval  of  the  Regulation  on  the  organization 
and  operation  of  the  electricity  futures  contract  market 
organized  by  the  company  Romanian  Stock  Exchange 
S.A.,  and  within  30  days  of  approval,  BRM  publishes  the 
operational procedures according to the Regulation entered 
into force.

Draft Order regarding the repeal of ANRE Order no. 97/2013 
for  the  approval  of  the  rules  regarding  the  purchase 
of  electricity  to  cover  own  technological  consumption 
related to electrical networks - public consultation

Considering the fact that the provisions included in the ANRE 
Order  no.  97/2013,  regarding  the  acquisition  by  TSOs  and 
DSOs for NL coverage related to the electrical networks they 
operate, were taken over within ANRE Orders no. 213/2020, 
respectively no. 127/2021, with subsequent amendments and 
additions, it is proposed to repeal ANRE Order no. 97/2013, 
with subsequent amendments and additions.

Draft  Order  for  the  approval  of  the  Methodology  for 
monitoring  the  wholesale  electricity  market  -  public 
consultation phase II

-  updating  the  Methodology  for  monitoring  the  wholesale 
electricity market, approved by ANRE Order no. 67/2018.
-  the restructuring of the old methodology by updating the 
methodological principles that are the basis of the activity 
of  monitoring  the  wholesale  electricity  market,  with  the 
requirements of the regulatory framework in force.

-  proposes  ways  to  evaluate  the 

level  of  efficiency, 
transparency and competition on the wholesale electricity 
market, to evaluate the behavior of PAN participants and to 
identify those practices or behaviors that raise suspicions 
of market abuse or violation of competition principles.
-  updating the system of indicators used in the monitoring 
activity  in  accordance  with  the  appearance  of  new 
components  of  the  wholesale  energy  market  and  the 
correlation with the current regulatory framework.

Draft  Order  for  the  approval  of  the  Methodology  for 
monitoring the retail electricity market - public consultation 
phase II

-  updating  the  Methodology  for  monitoring  the  electricity 

retail market, approved by ANRE Order no. 167/2019.

-  the  restructuring  of  the  old  methodology  by  updating 
the  methodological  principles  that  are  the  basis  of  the 
activity  of  monitoring  the  retail  electricity  market  with 
the  requirements  of  the  regulatory  framework  in  force 
and, considering the multitude of changes, issuing a new 
methodology.

-  the  system  of  indicators  proposed  by  this  project  takes 
over a part of the indicators provided in ANRE Order no. 
205/2018  regarding  the  approval  of  the  Methodology 
for  monitoring  the  electricity  market  for  end  customers 
served by last resort suppliers, which is repealed.

-  the method of collecting data and information related to 
the monitoring of the retail electricity market is similar to 
that related to the wholesale market, respectively through 
a set of monitoring templates uploaded monthly by market 
participants on the ANRE portal.

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

A.3.2.2. Supply segment 

2022

2023

2022

2023

GEO  no.  2/2022  on  the  establishment  of  social  protection 
measures for employees and other professional categories 
in  the  context  of  prohibition,  suspension  or  limitation  of 
economic activities, caused by the epidemiological situation 
generated by the spread of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, as well 
as for the modification and completion of some normative 
acts:

-  The ordinance provides for amendments and additions to 

Law no. 5/2023 - Law on the modification and completion of 
Law no. 220/2008 on the establishment of the system for 
the promotion of energy production from renewable energy 
sources.

-  modifies  and  completes  Law  no.  220/2008  regarding 
the  trading  of  green  certificates  after  the  expiry  of  the 
accreditation  period,  the  recovery  of  green  certificates 
issued unduly, etc.

GEO No 118/2021 as follows:

-  extension  of  the  scope  of  application  of  the  ceiling  by 
including in the category of beneficiaries also public cultural 
institutions  and  cultural  establishments  subordinated  to 
central and local public administration authorities;

-  the  prohibition  to  disconnect  or  interrupt,  until  30  June 
2022, the electricity supply for non-payment of household 
customers; 

-  provision, in the case of invoices that do not comply with 
the legal provisions on the application of support schemes 
(compensation,  exemption,  capping),  for  their  automatic 
reissue within 15 days from the date of issue. For invoices 
already  issued,  the  deadline  for  their  reissue  is  15  days 
after the entry into force of this GEO, i.e. until 3 February 
2022 (inclusive). The execution of the payment obligation 
for  invoices  in  the  process  of  being  recalculated  is  also 
suspended until new invoices are issued.

GEO  no.  3/2022  amending  and  supplementing  GEO  no. 

118/2021: 

-  the  following  amendments  and  additions  to  GEO  no. 
118/2021 are provided for, with application from 1 February 
to 31 March 2022: 
o  increasing  the  consumption  margin  for  compensa-
tion from 300 kWh/month (+10%) to 500 kWh/month 
(+10%) for electricity and from 200 mc/month to 300 
mc/month for natural gas; 

o  change  the  price  cap  for  household  customers  (from 
1 leu/kWh to 0.8 lei/kWh for electricity and from 0.37 
lei/kWh to 0.31 lei/kWh for natural gas) and introduce 
a price cap for all non-household customers (1 leu/kWh 
for electricity and 0.37 lei/kWh for natural gas); 

o  the cap still concerns both the final price and the elec-
tricity/natural gas purchase component: for household 
customers  -  0.8  lei/kWh  final  price  for  electricity,  of 
which 0.336 lei/kWh electricity price component; 0.31 
lei/kWh final price for natural gas, of which 0.200 lei/
kWh  natural  gas  price  component;  for  non-household 
customers: 1 leu/kWh final price for electricity, of which 
0.525  lei/kWh  electricity  price  component;  0.37  lei/
kWh final price for natural gas, of which 0.250 lei/kWh 
gas price component; 

o  recovery of the capped amounts will be made accord-
ing  to  the  thresholds  indicated  above,  in  conjunction 
with  the  period  of  application:  from  1  November  2021 
to 31 January 2022, by the difference between the av-
erage  monthly  purchase  price  and  the  threshold  of 
525  lei/MWh  for  electricity  and  250  lei/MWh  for  nat-
ural  gas.  From  1  February,  recovery  will  be  made:  for 
household  customers  -  by  the  difference  between  the 
average  monthly  purchase  price  and  the  threshold  of 
336 lei/MWh for electricity and 200 lei/MWh for natural 
gas;  for  non-household  customers  -  by  the  difference 
between  the  average  monthly  purchase  price  and  the 
threshold of RON 525 for electricity and 250 lei/MWh 
for natural gas.

ANRE  Order  no.  1/2022  for  the  repeal  of  ANRE  Order  no. 
32/2016  on  the  approval  of  the  Methodology  for  the 
preparation  of  the  Annual  Report  by  licensees  in  the 
electricity  and  heat  sector:  the  obligation  for  licensees 
(including  suppliers)  to  prepare  and  submit  to  ANRE  an 

Law  no.  15/2023  -  Law  on  the  approval  of  Government 
Emergency  Ordinance  no.  3/2022  for  the  modification 
and  completion  of  Government  Emergency  Ordinance  no. 
118/2021  on  the  establishment  of  a  compensation  scheme 
for  the  consumption  of  electricity  and  natural  gas  for  the 
cold  season  2021-2022,  as  well  as  for  the  completion  of 
Government  Ordinance  no.  27/1996  on  the  granting  of 
facilities  to  persons  living  or  working  in  some  localities  in 
the Apuseni Mountains and in the “Danube Delta” Biosphere 
Reserve

-  - GEO no. 3/2022 is approved.
ANRE  Order  no.  3/2023  -  Order  for  the  approval  of  the 
Technical  Standard  on  the  technical  requirements  for 
connection  to  the  electricity  grids  of  public  interest  for 
electricity  storage  facilities  and  the  notification  procedure 
for the connection of electricity storage facilities

-  enter into force on 20 January 2023.
-  establishes  the  procedure  and  stages  of  the  notification 
process  for  the  connection  of  storage  facilities,  as  well 
as  the  content  of  the  tests  for  verifying  the  compliance 
of  storage  facilities  with  the  technical  requirements  for 
connection to the electricity grids of public interest.

-  The  technical  connection  requirements  apply  to:  new 
electricity  storage  facilities  individually  connected;  new 
electricity storage facilities installed in an existing or new 
production site; new electricity storage facilities installed 
in an existing or new consumption site.

ANRE order no. 4/2023 – order for amending and completing 
some  orders  of  the  President  of  the  National  regulatory 
Authority for Energy in the field of connection of users to 
the electricity network of public interest.

-  Amend  and  supplement  the  following  normative  acts: 
Regulation  on  the  connection  of  users  to  electrical 
networks  of  public  interest  (approved  by  ANRE  order 
no.  59/2013),  the  framework  of  the  technical  connection 
notices (approved by ANRE order no. 74/2014). Procedure 
on  connection  to  the  public  interest  low  voltage  power 
networks  of  the  consumption  places  belonging  to 
household  customers  (approved  by  ANRE  order  no. 
18/2022), procedure on connection to the public interest 
power networks of the consumption and production sites 
belonging  to  prosumators  (approved  by  ANRE  order  no. 
19/2022),  Framework  contracts  for  connection  to  public 
interest electricity networks (approved by ANRE order no. 
105/2022).

ANRE  order  no.  5/2023  —  order  for  the  approval  of  the 
Regulation for the supply of electricity to final customers, as 
well as for the modification and completion of some orders 
of ANRE President:

- 

it enters into force on 6 February 2023 (with the addition 
of provisions that have other dates of application);

-  The  Regulation  for  the  supply  of  electricity  to  final 

customers is approved;

-  The  framework  contract  for  the  provision  of  the 
electricity  distribution  service  concluded  between  the 
concessionaire  distribution  operator  and  the  supplier 
(approved  by  ANRE  order  no.  90/2015)  is  amended/
completed.  The  methodology  for  setting  tariffs  for  the 
electricity  distribution  service  by  operators  other  than 
concessionaire distribution operators (approved by ANRE 

annual  report  on  the  activities  covered  by  the  license  has 
been removed.

ANRE  Order  no.  3/2022  approving  the  Regulation  on  the 
organization  and  operation  of  the  online  platform  for 
changing the electricity and gas supplier and for contracting 
the supply of electricity and natural gas: 
-  application deadline - 28 August 2022; 
- 

initiated  in  order  to  achieve  the  objective  set  by  the 
European legislation of changing supplier within 24 hours, 
starting from 2026; 

-  ANRE  is  the  administrator  and  operator  of  the  platform 
where data will be uploaded by end customers, suppliers, 
network  operators,  aggregators,  etc.  (including  the 
standard  offers  of  suppliers),  which  will  mediate  the 
process  of  changing  supplier  through  the  necessary 
administrative  and  technical  steps  and  through  which 
customers will be able to contract a new supplier; 

-  The regulation also details the rules on the conclusion of 
the supply contract, i.e. the actual procedure for changing 
the supplier, which will replace the current procedure.
ANRE Order no. 4/2022 amending and supplementing ANRE 
Order no. 143/2020 on the obligation to offer natural gas on 
centralized markets to natural gas producers whose annual 
production in the previous year exceeds 3,000,000 MWh:
-  the  quantitative  allocation  for  tender  for  each  of  the 
standardised  products  for  the  period  from  1  January  to 
31  December  2022  has  been  adjusted.  In  the  context  of 
the  COVID-19  pandemic,  the  government  has  decided  to 
successively  extend  the  state  of  alert  initially  instituted 
in 2022 from 8 January 2022, by GD no. 34/2022; from 7 
February 2022, by GD no. 171/2022.

order no. 102/2016); 

-  The  ANRE  order  no.  235/2019  for  the  approval  of  the 
Regulation for the supply of electricity to final customers 
is repealed, ANRE order no. 171/2020 for the approval of 
the conditions for the supply of electricity by the suppliers 
of  last  resort,  ANRE  order  no.  181/2018  for  the  approval 
of  the  procedure  regarding  the  financial  guarantees 
regime established by the final customers at the disposal 
of the electricity suppliers and for the amendment of the 
Regulation for the supply of electricity to final customers, 
ANRE order no. 85/2015 for the approval of the tripartite 
framework  convention  concluded  between  the  supplier, 
The  network  operator  and  the  final  customer,  holder  of 
the  network  contract  and  the  multi-party  framework 
agreement  concluded  between  the  final  customer, 
suppliers  and  the  network  operator,  ANRE  order  no. 
96/2015 for the approval of the Regulation on the activity 
of informing the final customers of electricity and natural 
gas;

-  By  the  Regulation  for  the  supply  of  electricity  to  final 
customers, new notions regarding the supply contract with 
dynamic prices (binding offer/contract with dynamic prices 
for EFSA) and active customers with new obligations for 
the  supplier  were  introduced  (conditioning  the  existence 
of supply contract for both the place of consumption and 
the place of consumption and production); 

-  The main provisions amended/supplemented by the new 

regulation are:
o  At  the  vulnerable  customer,  they  included  among  the 
facilities granted and the payment of the invoice, upon 
request, for a period of minimum 3 months (submission 
to  the  supplier  with  whom  he  has  a  check  of  medical 
documents for people who need to keep alive by elec-
trical appliances to ensure continuity in supply);

o  the  acceptance  of  household  customers  has  been  ex-

tended with new categories;

o  To  the  standard  offers  for  non-households,  the  defi-
nition  of  micro-enterprise  in  L123  (categorization  by 
consumption not by turnover/no. employees). The ob-
ligation  to  display  standard  offers  at  single  points  of 
contact  has  disappeared.  In  the  information  in  the  of-
fer, the unit value of taxes/fees/taxes/contributions will 
be included. It is no longer mandatory to pass into the 
offer the main conditions of the contract, but new ele-
ments are introduced, to be included in the offer;

o  The  supply  of  a  place  of  consumption  can  be  made 
by several suppliers without being conditioned by the 
power of 1 MW.

o  the  minimum  elements  of  the  tripartite/multi-party 
convention are specified without a framework conven-
tion being imposed;

o  in the contract will be passed the same as in the offer 
the unit value of taxes/fees/taxes/contributions. A new 
price element appears - the final billed price = supply 
price + all taxes, taxes... unit). At the conclusion of the 
contract,  the  supplier’s  website  must  contain  links  to 
POSF;

o  when invoicing, explicit mentions of normative acts in-
cident  during  the  period  of  application  (i.e.  capping) 
appear. For all household customers (including eligible 
– competitive household) and SoLR customers, the bill-
ing period is monthly. For all household customers, for 
the  consumption  achieved  starting  with  1  April  2023, 
the  invoice  model  for  SU  is  observed.  All  invoices  for 
the consumption registered starting 1 April will contain 
a minimum set of information. New terms for payment 
installment. 

ANRE  order  no.  9/2023  —  order  on  establishing  the 
mandatory quota for the purchase of green certificates for 
2022

-  The  mandatory  quota  for  2022  was  set  at  the  level  of 
0.4934314  GC/MWh  (compared  to  0.5014313  GC/MWh 
the estimated quota for 2022 and 0.449792 GC/MWh the 
mandatory quota for 2021);

.

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Appendix 3 – Applicable regulatory framework 

2022 Directors’ Report

2022

2023

it shall enter into force on 1 march 2023. 

- 
ANRE  order  no.  10/2023  —  Order  for  approval  of  the 
methodology  for  determining  the  level  of  the  minimum 
natural gas stock that holders of natural gas supply licenses 
have  the  obligation  to  set  up  in  underground  storage 
warehouses

-  The methodology for determining the level of the minimum 
natural gas stock that the holders of the a supply licenses 
are  approved  Natural  gas  is  required  to  establish  it  in 
underground storage warehouses - natural gas suppliers, 
for the quantities delivered to final customers (PET direct 
client)  who  have  opted  for  the  purchase  of  natural  gas 
directly from natural gas producers, fulfill their obligation 
to establish the minimum natural gas stock by:
o  storage of natural gas in its own name, by concluding 
contracts for underground storage of natural gas with 
one of the holders of the license to operate the under-
ground storage systems of natural gas; and/or

o  conclusion,  by  may  31  of  each  year,  of  sale-purchase 
contracts  covering  quantities  of  natural  gas  from  un-
derground  storage  of  natural  gas  stored  by  another 
natural gas supplier; and/or

o  signing mandate contracts with another supplier, in or-

der to store natural gas.

Appendix 4 – Corporate 
Governance

A.4.1. The Board of Directors of ELSA’s subsidiaries

All the Boards of Directors of ELSA’s subsidiaries were composed of non-executive directors 
(5 members in the case of DEER and EFSA and 3 members in the case of FISE and EPE) and the 
composition of these were as follows:

The distribution subsidiary DEER – 1 January 2022 – date of the report

1 January –
23 June

24 June –
27 June

28 June –
30 June

1 July –
5 July

6 July –
20 December

21 December

22 December 
– 30 June 
2023

Stefan 
Alexandru 
Frangulea

Stefan 
Alexandru 
Frangulea

Stefan 
Alexandru 
Frangulea

Stefan 
Alexandru 
Frangulea

Stefan 
Alexandru 
Frangulea

Mirela Dimbean 
Creta

Maria Cristina 
Manda

Ligia Costin

Maria Cristina 
Manda

Ligia Costin

Stefan Valeriu 
Ivan – Chair

Anna-Maria 
Vasile - Chair

Andrei–Gabriel 
Benghea–
Malaies

Anna-Maria 
Vasile - Chair

Anna-Maria 
Vasile - Chair

Andrei–Gabriel 
Benghea–
Malaies

Andrei–Gabriel 
Benghea–
Malaies

Niculina – 
Cristina Somlea

Niculina – 
Cristina Somlea

Stefan Valeriu 
Ivan – Chair

Niculina – 
Cristina Somlea

Oana 
Babagianu

Oana 
Babagianu

Oana 
Babagianu

Constantin 
Cristian Olaru

Ligia Costin

Stefan Valeriu 
Ivan – Chair 
starting with 31 
January 2022

Source: Electrica

The end date of the mandates of DEER’s directors at the date of this report is 30 June 2023.

The supply subsidiary EFSA – 1 January 2022 – date of the report

1 January –
3 January

4 January –
3 February

Georgeta Corina 
Popescu – Chair

Georgeta Corina 
Popescu – Chair

3 February –
29 April
Stefan-Ionut 
Pascu -Chair 
starting with 8 
February 2022

30 April –
12 May

13 May –
16 May

17 May –
30 April 2023

Razvan Tudor

Mihai Ioanitescu

Mihai Ioanitescu 
– Chair starting 
with 20 May

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Stefan Ionut 
Pascu

Razvan Tudor

Mihai Ioanitescu

Maria Patrascoiu

.

Mihai Darie

Stefan Ionut 
Pascu

Razvan Tudor

Razvan Tudor

Mihai Ioanitescu

Mircea Toma 
Modran

Mircea Toma 
Modran

Mihai Ioanitescu

Source: Electrica

The end date of the mandates of EFSA’s directors at the date of this report is 30 April 2023.

The energy services subsidiary SERV – 1 January 2022 – date of the report

1 January –
3 January

4 January –
4 May

5 May –
16 May

17 May –
14 November

Georgeta Corina 
Popescu - Chair

Georgeta Corina 
Popescu - Chair

Georgeta Corina 
Popescu - Chair

Elena Stancu

15 November-
30 April 2023
Alexandru – Aurelian 
Chirita - Chair

Alexandru 
– Costin 
Dumitrescu

Liviu Mitroi

Adrian – Marian 
Marin

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2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

1 January –
3 January

4 January –
4 May

5 May –
16 May

Mihai Darie

Irina Clima

Irina Clima

Irina Clima

Stefan Ionut Pascu

Stefan Ionut Pascu

Source: Electrica

17 May –
14 November
Bogdan Costas - 
Chair
Mihnea Barbulescu Mihnea Barbulescu

15 November-
30 April 2023

Bogdan Costas

The end dates of the mandates of SERV’s directors at the date of this report is 30 April 2023.

The electricity production subsidiary EPE – 1 January 2022 – date of the report

1 January -
2 January

3 January

4 January –
16 May

17 May –
30 August

23 September –
31 October

1 November –
30 April 2023

Georgeta Corina 
Popescu – Chair

Georgeta Corina 
Popescu – Chair

Georgeta Corina 
Popescu – Chair

Alina Camelia 
Mustatea – Chair 
starting with 27 
May

Alina Camelia 
Mustatea

Mihai Darie

Mihai Darie

Mihai Ioanitescu Mihai Ioanitescu Mihai Ioanitescu

Alexandru 
– Aurelian 
Chirita - Chair 
starting with 07 
November
Alina Camelia 
Mustatea

Mircea Toma 
Modran

Source: Electrica

Mihai Ioanitescu Razvan Tudor

Razvan Tudor

Razvan Tudor

Mihai Ioanitescu

The end date of the mandates of EPE’s directors at the date of this report is 30 April 2023.

A.4.2. Executive management of ELSA’s subsidiaries

The tables below show the subsidiaries’ executive managers with delegated management 
duties by Board of Directors of ELSA subsidiaries in 2022, as well as until the date of this report, as 
follows:

The distribution subsidiary DEER – until the date of the report

Name

Period
(day month year)

Function

Raluca Florentina 
Dumitriu

Dragos Eduard Staicu

Dragos Eduard Staicu

Lucian Penes

Diana Moldovan

Gabriela Dobrescu

Mariana Monica 
Radulescu 

Alexandru Nine

Raduta Marius Petrescu

Ilie Marin

Vasile Claudiu Tudose

Moraru Robert

Gheorghe Gabriel

Margin Gabriel Adrian

Source: Electrica 

01 January 2022-
31 January 2022
01 January 2022-
31 January 2023
01 February 2022-
03 July 2022
04 July 2022-
present
01 January 2022-
31 January 2023
01 January 2022-
31 January 2023
01 January 2022-
31 July 2022
01 January 2022-
06 October 2022
01 January 2022-
31 August 2022

01 January 2022-
31 August 2022

01 January 2022-
31 August 2022
01 February 2023
present
01 February 2023
present
01 February 2023
present

Financial Division 
Manager
Integration Division 
Manager
Financial Division 
Manager
Financial Division 
Manager
Business Support Division 
Manager
Asset Management 
Division Manager
Procurement Operations 
Manager
TS Power Construction 
Unit Manager
MN Network Operations 
Unit Manager

MN Power Construction 
Unit Manager

TN Power Construction 
Unit Manager
Commercial Division 
Manager 
Strategy and Planning 
Manager
Technical Division 
Manager 

Mandate until the date
(for acting executive 
managers at the date of 
the report)
(day month year)

03 July 2026

31 January 2025

31 January 2025

31 January 2025

Mandate until the date
(for acting executive 
managers at the date of 
the report)
(day month year)

Name

Period
(day month year)

Function

Niculae Havrilet

01 January 2022-28 March 
2022

 General Manager

.

Mandate until the date
(for acting executive 
managers at the date of 
the report)
(day month year)

The supply subsidiary EFSA – until the date of the report

Name

Period
(day month year)

Function

Darius-Dumitru Mesca

1 October 2019 - present General Manager

30 September 2023

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Mihaela Rodica Suciu

 05 April 2022-present

 General Manager

 05 October 2026

Radulescu-Claudiu Daniel

Mihaela Rodica Suciu

Valentin Branescu

Valentin Branescu

Sinan Mustafa

Sinan Mustafa

Vasile Farcas

Raul Toma

01 January 2022
04 April 2022
suspended

01 January 2022-
31 January 2023

30 September 2022-
31 December 2022
01 January 2022- 31 
January 2023
15 October 2022-
31 January 2023
01 January 2022-
31 January 2023
01 January 2022-
14 October 2022

Network Development 
Manager

 31 December 2024

Silvia-Cristina Macedon

Deputy General Manager

Network Development 
Manager

Deputy General Manager

Energy Management 
Manager
Network Operations 
Manager
Energy Management 
Manager

Paul-Ferdoschi 

20 May 2022 – present

Corina-Cristina Drumeanu

16 October 2019 –
14 May 2022

Mihai Beu

20 May 2022 – present

Bogdan-Ionu

 Vlad

15 December 2020 – 23 
February 2022

ț
Ruxandra-Madalina Rusu

20 May 2022 – present

Viorel Pintea

6 October 2021 –
14 June 2022

10 March 2020 – 
31 March 2022
and
20 May 2022 – present   
13 April 2020 –
29 March 2022

Deputy General Manager 
Interim

31 December 2023

Sales Division Manager

Sales Division Manager - 
Interim
Portfoliu Management 
Division Manager
Portfoliu Management 
Division Manager – 
Interim
Financial Division 
Manager
Financial Division 
Manager – Interim
Operations Division 
Manager

30 June 2023

30 June 2023

30 June 2023

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2022 Directors’ Report

2022 Directors’ Report

Name

Period
(day month year)

Function

Simona-Mihaela Covaliu 
Ciocan

15 June 2022 – 
09 October 2022

George-Marian Fertu

13 October 2022 - present

Cristian-Eugen Radu

Source: Electrica

1 March 2020 –
31 March 2022     

Operations Division 
Manager – Interim
Operations Division 
Manager – Interim
Marketing Division 
Manager Interim

The energy services subsidiary SERV – until the date of the report

Name

Period
(day month year)

Function

Mandate until the date
(for acting executive 
managers at the date of 
the report)
(day month year)

30 June 2023

Mandate until the date
(for acting executive 
managers at the date of 
the report)
(day month year)

Florian Velicu

17 July 2021 – 
18 October 2022

General Manager

Calin Ionel Dobra

18 October 2022 - present General Manager

19 May 2023

Ioana Lavinia Panu 

01 September 2021- 
04 April 2022

Eugenia Agliceru

12 April 2022 –
02 August 2022

Florica Cocari

03 August 2022 - present

Vasile Ionel Bujorel 
Oprean

01 December 
2017-present

Source: Electrica

Financial Manager

Financial Manager with 
delegated attribution on 
the basis of an individual 
labor agreement 
Financial Manager with 
delegated attribution on 
the basis of an individual 
labor agreement 
Property Management 
and Product Development 
Manager

16 December 2023

The electricity production subsidiary EPE – until the date of the report  

The Board of Directors did not appoint executive managers within the subsidiary during the 

period from the establishment until the date of the report.

A.4.3. Number of shares owned by the managers of 
Electrica Group

As of 31 December 2022 and 28 February 2023, none of the CEOs or directors of the com-

panies in office at the time held shares in ELSA.

According to information held by ELSA, there is no contract, understanding or family relati-
onship  between  the  executive  managers  of  the  Group  companies  mentioned  in  this  chapter  and 
another person who may have contributed to their appointment as executive managers.

According to available information, the members of the BoD and the executive managers of 
the Group companies mentioned in this chapter have not been involved, in the last five years, in any 
litigations or administrative procedures related to their activity within the Group and to their capa-
city to fulfil their work-related duties within the Group.

A.4.4. General Meetings of Shareholders of ELSA 
subsidiaries

Corporate approvals at GMS/BoD level in the case of ELSA’s subsidiaries are regulated throu-

gh their articles of association, as well as through the implemented corporate policies.

ELSA, as majority shareholder of its subsidiaries, voted in their GMS in 2022 on various to-

pics, amongst which the most important are related to:

 – revenue and expenses budgets, financial statements, financial part of the individual annual 

investment plan, profit appropriation;

 – increases in the share capital with land plots in the case of DEER and EFSA (in case of 

EFSA a completion of the increase in the share capital initiated in the year 2021);

 – changing the name of DEER subsidiaries and amending their secondary object of activity 

in concordance with the secondary objects of activity of DEER;

 – documents regarding: Remuneration Policy for non-executive Directors, Methodology for 
establishing and evaluating short-term performance indicators applicable to non-executi-
ve Directors, Performance Indicators 2022 for non-executive Directors, Mandate contract 
for a non-executive director at the level of each subsidiary, as well as the Manual regarding 
the unbundling obligation applicable at the group level, in the case of DEER;

 – general debt limit in case of DEER, EFSA and EPE;
 – the total ceiling of short-term financing that can be contracted by EFSA during the finan-
cial year 2022 from banking institutions for financing its current activity, with the guaran-
tee of ELSA;

 – the  total  ceiling  of  medium  and  long  term  financing  that  can  be  contracted  by  DEER 
during the financial year 2022 from banking institutions to cover the additional costs re-
lated to own technological consumption as well as to finance the working capital and the 
investment projects, with the guarantee of ELSA (which will not be real guarantee);

 – contracting by DEER of short-term financing, intended for financing working capital nee-

ds, without ELSA guarantees;

 – the sale (in the case of EFSA) and the purchase (in the case of EPE) of 100% of the shares 

held by EFSA in EEV1;

 – prior approval for concluding the contract for “subscription - SAP software licenses”, pur-

suant to art. 12 para. (3) letter i of the AoA of the Company, in the case of EFSA;

 – appointment of the directors in the Board of Directors of the subsidiaries.

Starting with the end of 2019/beginning of 2020, a unitary policy was implemented within 
the  Group’s  subsidiaries,  regarding  the  organization  and  conduct  of  the  General  Meetings  of 
Shareholders of the Electrica Group companies, whose objectives are for each company to obtain 
the corporate approvals in the competence of the GMS in a timely manner, in order to carry out in 
good conditions the operational activity, in compliance with all legal and statutory provisions, imple-
mentation of a unitary system of convening, organizing, carrying out the GMS meetings in Electrica 
Group, as well as better tracking of the implementation of GMS resolutions.

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Appendix 4 – Corporate Governance 

Appendix 4 – Corporate Governance 

Appendix 5 - Table list

Tabel 36. Revaluation reserves 2022-2020 (RON mn.) ..........................................................................148

Tabel 37. Legal reserves 2022-2020 (RON mn.) .........................................................................................148

Table 1. Company details ........................................................................................................................................... 18

Tabel 38. Consolidated statement of profit or loss (RON mn.) ..........................................................149

Table 2. Key financial data for 2022 - 2020 – IFRS-EU ............................................................................ 19

Tabel 39. NL - intangible assets 2022 (RON mn.) ..................................................................................... 151

Table 3. Key financial data for 2022 - 2020 – S-OMFP 2844/2016 ................................................... 21

Tabel 40. Electricity and natural gas purchased 2022-2020 (RON mn.) .....................................152

Table 4. ELSA’s subsidiaries .................................................................................................................................... 41

Tabel 41. Consolidated cash flow statement (RON mn.) ........................................................................155

Table 5. ELSA’s associates ....................................................................................................................................... 42

Tabel 42. Separate statement of the financial position (RON mn.) .................................................157

Table 6. Long term investments owned by ELSA ...................................................................................... 42

Tabel 43. Cash, restricted cash and short-term investments 2022-2020 (RON mn.) ...........159

Table 7. The key drivers of changes in the electricity market ............................................................. 49

Tabel 44. Loans granted to subsidiaries 2022-2020 (RON mn.) ......................................................160

Table 8. Ownership structure .................................................................................................................................56

Tabel 45. Dividends 2022-2020 (RON mn.)..................................................................................................160

Table 9. BSE Shares and Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs) on LSE ............................................58

Tabel 46. Provisions (RON mn.) ........................................................................................................................... 161

Table 10. Members of the BoD in 2022 ............................................................................................................. 71

Tabel 47. Separate statement of profit or loss (RON mn.) .................................................................... 161

Table 11. Participation of the BoD members at the meetings and  
of the committees in 2022 ..................................................................................................................................... 80

Table 12. ELSA’s Executive management during 2022 .............................................................................85

Table 13. ELSA’s compliance with the provisions of the BSE  
Corporate Governance Code .................................................................................................................................93

Table 14. Operating segments ............................................................................................................................... 112

Table 15. The electricity distribution tariffs approved by ANRE starting with 1 April 2022 .. 113

Table 16. Number of users and volume of installations as of 31 December 2022..................... 115

Table 17. Degree of attrition of the installations .......................................................................................... 116

Table 18. Investment program approved by ANRE for 2019-2023 (RON mn.) .......................... 118

Table 19. Investments planned 2022 vs achieved 2022 (RON mn.) ................................................. 118

Table 20. The synthetic structure of investments achieved by distribution  
subsidiary in 2022 (RON mn.) .............................................................................................................................. 118

Tabel 48. Separate cash flow statement (RON mn.) ................................................................................162

Tabel 49. Risks and uncertainties as of 31 December 2022 .................................................................167

Table 50. Credit risk and expected credit losses for trade receivables  
as of 31 December 2022 ...........................................................................................................................................169

Table 51. Credit risk and expected credit losses for trade receivables  
as of 31 December 2021 ............................................................................................................................................170

Table 52. Credit risk and expected credit losses for trade receivables  
as of 31 December 2020 ..........................................................................................................................................170

Table 53. Contractual maturities of financial liabilities (RON mn.) – S-IFRS-EU ...................... 171

Table 54. Contractual maturities of financial liabilities (RON mn.) - S-OMFP2844/2016 .... 171

Table 55. Exposure to currency risk 2022-2020 .........................................................................................172

Table 56. Average rate and year-end spot rate ...........................................................................................172

Table 57. Sensitivity analysis ..................................................................................................................................173

Table 21. PIF plan vs achieved 2022 (RON mn.) ......................................................................................... 119

Table 58. Fixed-rate and variable-rate instruments – S-IFRS-EU ......................................................173

Table 22. RAB evolution 2014-2022 (RON mn.) .........................................................................................120

Tabel 59. Fixed-rate and variable-rate instruments – S-OMFP 2844/2016 ..................................173

Table 23. Number of employees evolution 2022 - 2019 .........................................................................124

Table 60. Cash flow sensitivity analysis for variable-rate instruments ...........................................174

Table 24. Group’s employment by age, 2022-2020 .................................................................................124

The distribution subsidiary DEER – 1 January 2022 – date of the report .....................................251

Table 25. Consolidated statement of the financial position 2022-2020 (RON. mn) ..............134

The supply subsidiary EFSA – 1 January 2022 – date of the report ................................................251

Table 26. Cash and cash equivalents 2022-2020  .....................................................................................136

The energy services subsidiary SERV – 1 January 2022 – date of the report ............................251

Table 27. Number of shares 2022 - 2020 ........................................................................................................136

The electricity production subsidiary EPE – 1 January 2022 – date of the report ................. 252

Table 28. Revaluation reserves 2022-2020 (RON mn.) ..........................................................................137

The distribution subsidiary DEER – until the date of the report ...................................................... 252

Table 29. Legal reserves 2022-2020 (RON mn.) ........................................................................................137

The supply subsidiary EFSA – until the date of the report ................................................................. 253

Table 30. Consolidated statement of profit or loss (RON mn.) .........................................................138

The energy services subsidiary SERV – until the date of the report ............................................. 254

Table 31. Electricity and natural gas purchased 2022-2020 (RON mn.) .......................................140

Table 32. Consolidated cash flow statement (RON mn.) .......................................................................143

Tabel 33. Consolidated statement of the financial position 2022-2020 (RON. mn) ..............145

Tabel 34. Cash and cash equivalents 2022-2020  .....................................................................................147

Tabel 35. Number of shares 2022 - 2020 .......................................................................................................148

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257

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Appendix 4 – Corporate Governance 

Appendix 4 – Corporate Governance 

Appendix 6 - Figure list

Figure 34: Customers by revenues, 2022 .......................................................................................................122

Figure 35: Frequency index 2020-2022 ..........................................................................................................126

Figure 1: Consolidated revenue of Electrica Group (RON mn.) .......................................................... 20

Figure 36: PCB capacitors in operation at the end of 2022 compared to 2021 .......................128

Figure 2: EBITDA (RON mn.) and EBITDA margin (%) - S-IFRS-EU  ................................................ 20

Figure 37: Waste processing .................................................................................................................................128

Figure 3: Consolidated net profit (RON mn.) ............................................................................................... 20

Figure 38: Revenue for 2022/Q4 2022 and comparative information (RON mn.) .................139

Figure 4: Net debt/(cash) (RON mn.) .............................................................................................................. 20

 Figure 5: Consolidated revenue of Electrica Group (RON mn.) ........................................................ 21

Figure 6: EBITDA (RON mn.) and EBITDA margin (%) - S-OMFP 2844/2016  .......................... 21

Figure 7: Consolidated net profit (RON mn.) ................................................................................................22

Figure 8: Net debt/(cash) (RON mn.) ...............................................................................................................22

Figure 9: Romanian electricity distribution map .........................................................................................22

Figure 10: Evolution of the number of users (mn.) ....................................................................................23

Figure 11: Quantity distributed (TWh) ...............................................................................................................23

Figure 12: Revenues - distribution segment (RON mn.) ..........................................................................23

Figure 13: EBITDA – distribution segment (RON mn.) - S-IFRS-EU .................................................23

Figure 14: EBITDA – distribution segment (RON mn.) - S-OMFP 2844/2016 .............................24

Figure 15: Net Profit – distribution segment (RON mn.) .........................................................................24

Figure 16: Net debt/(Cash) – distribution segment (RON mn.) ..........................................................24

Figure 17: Revenues - supply segment (RON mn.) ....................................................................................25

Figure 18: EBITDA - supply segment (RON mn.) ........................................................................................25

Figure 19: Net profit - supply segment (RON mn.) ....................................................................................25

Figure 20: Net debt/(Cash) - supply segment .............................................................................................25

Figure 21: Ownership structure as of 31 December 2022 .......................................................................56

Figure 22: Evolution of the adjusted closing price of ELSA’s shares vs 
 BET-TR index during 2022 and January 2023 ............................................................................................59

Figure 23: Monthly trading volume and weighted average monthly closing price of  
shares on BSE (in RON) and GDRs on LSE (in USD) during 2022 and January 2023 ......... 60

.

Figure 39: EBITDA and EBITDA margin for 2022/Q4 2022 and comparative 
 information (RON mn. and %) .............................................................................................................................140

Figure 40: EBIT and EBIT margin for 2022/Q4 2022 and comparative  
information (RON mn. and %) .............................................................................................................................. 141

Figure 41: Net profit and Net profit margin for 2022/Q4 2022 and comparative  
information (RON mn. and %) .............................................................................................................................. 141

Figure 42: Analysis of net regulated result –OMFP 1802/2014 – OMFP 2844/2016 -  
IFRS-EU - for distribution segment 2022 (RON mn.) .............................................................................142

Figure 43: Revenue for 2022/Q4 2022 and comparative information (RON mn.) .................150

Figure 44: EBITDA and EBITDA margin for 2022/Q4 2022 and comparative  
information (RON mn. and %) ..............................................................................................................................152

Figure 45: EBIT and EBIT margin for 2022/Q4 2022 and comparative  
information (RON mn. and %) ..............................................................................................................................153

Figure 46: Net profit and Net profit margin for 2022/Q4 2022 and  
comparative information (RON mn. and %) ....................................................................................................... 153

Figure 47: Analysis of net regulated result –OMFP 1802/2014 – OMFP 2844/2016 -  
for distribution segment 2022 (RON mn.) ....................................................................................................154

.

Figure 24: Gross dividends distributed (2014-2021) (RON mn.) ........................................................62

Figure 25: Gross dividend per share (RON) and dividend yield (%) ................................................62

Figure 26: The geographical coverage of the companies in the Electrica Group in 2022 .. 112

Figure 27: The structure of CAPEX achievements for distribution operator within the 
Group, in 2022 (RON mn.) ...................................................................................................................................... 119

Figure 28: Market share of distribution segment in 2021 ...................................................................... 121

Figure 29: Last Resort suppliers market, 2022  ..........................................................................................122

Figure 30: Competitive Market, 2022 ...............................................................................................................122

Figure 31: Volume of electricity supplied on the retail market (TWh) ...........................................122

Figure 32: Evolution in number of costumers (th)   .................................................................................122

Figure 33: Customers by electricity supplied volume, 2022................................................................122

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259

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Glossary 

Glossary

ANRE

Romanian Energy Regulatory Authority

ASF

BPS

BoD

BRP

BSE

BTA

CAPEX

CGC

CMC

Romanian Financial Supervisory Authority (Autoritatea de Supraveghere Financiara)

Basis points

Board of Directors

Balance Responsible Party

Bucharest Stock Exchange

Business Transfer Agreement

Capital Expenditure

Corporate Governance Code

Competitive Market Component

CMBC (EA/CN)

Centralized Market for Bilateral Contracts (Extended Auction/Continuous Negotiation)

CMNG-AN

CMNG-PA

Centralized Market for Bilateral Natural Gas Contracts – Auction and Negotiation

Centralized Market for Bilateral Natural Gas Contracts – Public Auction

CMNG – OTC

Centralized Market for Bilateral Natural Gas Contracts – OTC

CMUS

CNTEE

CSR

DAM

DAM-NG

DEER

DSO

DMS

EEA

EBIT

Centralized Market for Universal Service

The National Transmission System Operator

Corporate Social Responsibility

Day Ahead Market

Day Ahead Market – Natural Gas

Distributie Energie Electrica Romania

Distribution System Operator

Distribution Management System

European Economic Area

Earnings before interest and tax

EBITDA

Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization

EDN

EGMS

EFSA

ELSA

ERM

EU

EUR

FCA

Electrical Distribution Network

Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders

Electrica Furnizare SA

Electrica SA

Enterprise Risk Management

European Union

The monetary unit of several member states of the European Union

Financial Conduct Authority – United Kingdom

FPM-LT

Medium and Long-Term Flexible Products Market

GC

GDP

GDR

GEO

GMS

HV

IAS

IFRIC

IFRS

IM-NG

IMS

IPO

IR

Green Certificates

Gross Domestic Product

Global Depositary Receipts

Government Emergency Ordinance

General Meeting of Shareholders

High Voltage

International Accounting Standard

International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee

International Financial Reporting Standard

Intraday Market for Natural Gas

Integrated Management System

Initial Public Offering

Investor Relations

Glossary 

ISIN

KPI

kV

LOC

LR

LSH

LV

MV

MVA

MWh

MKP

NAFA

NES

NL

NRC

OMPF

OGMS

OHS

OHSAS

OPCOM

PCB

RAB

RM

RON

RRR

SAD

SAPE

SCADA

SDEE

SDMN

SDTN

SDTS

SED

SEM

SEO

SoLR

SPO

TWh

TSO

UM

US

USD

VAT

International Securities Identification Number

Key Performance Indicators

KiloVolt

Land Ownership Certificate

Last Resort

Labor safety and health

Low Voltage

Medium Voltage

Mega Volt Ampere

MegaWatt hour

Management Key Position

National Agency for Fiscal Administration

National Electricity System

Network Losses

Nomination and Remuneration Committee

Order of Ministry of Public Finances

Ordinary General Meeting of Shareholders

Occupational Health and Safety

Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series

Romanian Gas and Electricity market operator

Polychlorinated Biphenylsor

Regulated Asset Base

Retail Market

Romanian monetary unit

Regulated Rate of Return

Distribution Automation System

Societatea de Administrare a Participatiilor in Energie

Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition

Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice SA

Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Muntenia Nord SA

Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Nord SA

Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Sud SA

Servicii Energetice Dobrogea SA

Servicii Energetice Muntenia SA

Servicii Energetice Oltenia SA

Supplier of last resort

Secondary Public Offering

TeraWatt hour

Transmission and system operator

Unit of Measurement

Universal Service

United States Dollar

Value Added Tax

Note: The figures presented in this document are rounded based on the round to nearest method; as a result, 
rounding differences may appear.

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260

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Explanations Regarding the Differences 
between Consolidated Financial Statements 
OMFP 2844/2016 vs IFRS-EU

262

263

Glossary 

Glossary 

Electrica 2021 Annual Report con-
tains  the  Annual  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements of Electrica as of and for the 
financial  year  ended  on  December  31, 
2022, prepared in accordance with OMFP 
no.  2844/2016,  for  the  approval  of  the 
Accounting  Regulations  in  accordance 
with the International Financial Reporting 
Standards  adopted  by  the  European 
Union with subsequent changes and the 
Financial 
Consolidated 
Annual 
Statements of Electrica as of and for the 
financial  year  ended  on  31  December 
2022,  prepared  in  accordance  with  the 
International 
Reporting 
Standards  adopted  by  the  European 
Union  with  subsequent  amendments 
(IFRS-EU).

Financial 

Until 31 December 2021, the con-
solidated  financial  statements  prepared 
in accordance with OMFP no. 2844/2016 
were equivalent to IFRS-EU.

Starting from December 31, 2022, 
according to the Order of the Ministry of 
Public Finances (OMFP) no. 3900/2022, 
a new clause was provided regarding the 
regulatory  accounts  to  cover  the  addi-
tional  expenses  of  the  network  losses 
(„NL”) for the actual energy costs com-
pared to the ANRE ex-ante prices recog-
nized in the distribution tariffs, by consti-
tuting  intangible  assets  for  these  addi-
tional expenses. This amendment to the 
financial regulations of OMFP 2900/2022, 
was decided as a result of the context of 
electricity  prices  from  2022,  which  de-
issue  for  the 
termined  that  ANRE 
Distribution Operators a new methodol-
ogy  regarding  additional  costs  with  NL 
during  the  period  1  January  2022  –  31 
August 2023. The calculation of the cap-
italized amounts is carried out in compli-
ance  with  the  legislation  specific  to  the 
entities  that  are  the  subject  of  GEO 
119/2022, with subsequent additions and 
changes.  According  to  ANRE  regula-
tions, the capitalized costs as intangible 

assets are recorded in the accounting re-
cord and therefore in the annual financial 
statements according to the instructions 
issued by the Ministry of Finance. ANRE 
will  determine  the  recognized  annual 
amounts  of  capitalized  costs  based  on 
the recognized quantities and prices for 
NL.

Thus, within the consolidated an-
nual  financial  statements  for  the  year 
2022, prepared in accordance with OMFP 
no.  2844/2016,  for  the  approval  of  the 
Accounting  Regulations  in  accordance 
with the International Financial Reporting 
Standards  adopted  by  the  European 
Union  with  subsequent  amendments, 
the  Group  recorded  intangible  assets  in 
the amount of 951.6 million RON, in cor-
respondence with income from the pro-
duction  of 
in  the 
amount of 989.3 million RON and amor-
tization related to intangible assets con-
stituted  until  31Dec2022  in  the  amount 
of 37.3 million RON. The revenues from 
the production of intangible assets rep-
resent  the  additional  network  losses 
(own technological consumption) calcu-
lated as the difference between the net 
cost  with  the  purchase  and  the  cost  of 
NL  included  in  the  regulatory  tariff,  for 
the  period  1  January  1  -31    December 
2022.

intangible  assets 

In the set of consolidated financial 
statements according to IFRS-EU, these 
expenses have another applicable finan-
cial treatment, based on the amendment 
of  the  concession  contracts  regarding 
the recognition of additional costs (actu-
al costs vs recognized ex-ante in the tar-
iffs)  with  the  purchase  of  electricity  to 
cover  NL  for  the  distribution  segment. 
On  20  January  2023,  the  Ministry  of 
Energy, as the concedent, amended the 
concession  contract  with  the  Electrica 
Group for the distribution segment to re-
flect that, in the event of early termina-
tion  of  the  concession  contract,  for  any 

reason,  the  new  concessionaire  would 
reimburse  the  Group  the  amount  the 
current cost of purchasing electricity for 
own  technological  consumption  com-
pared to the costs included in the regu-
lated tariffs. Based on the changes in the 
concession contracts, the additional cost 
of purchasing electricity to cover the dis-
tribution  operators’  own  technological 
consumption    is  recognized  as  a  finan-
cial asset (guaranteed asset) as part of 
the concession contract. These amounts 
are  guaranteed  by  the  concession  con-
tract  that  was  fined  based  on  the  legal 
provisions. The resulting financial assets 
are presented in the consolidated finan-
cial  statements  at  the  fair  value  deter-
mined as the net present value of the ad-
ditional costs with the purchase of elec-
tricity borne by the distribution subsidi-
ary for NL.

Financial 

Thus, within the consolidated an-
nual  financial  statements  for  the  year 
2022,  drawn  up  in  accordance  with  the 
International 
Reporting 
Standards  adopted  by  the  European 
Union  with  subsequent  amendments 
(IFRS-EU), the Group recorded both a fi-
nancial asset and corresponding income 
from  the  initial  recognition  of  fixed  as-
sets  financial  related  to  the  concession 
agreements in the amount of 951.6 mil-
lion  RON,  representing  the  value  that 
has to be recovered regarding the addi-
tional NL calculated as the difference be-
tween the net cost with the purchase of 
the  energy  for  NL  and  the  NL  cost  in-
cluded in the regulatory tariff by ANRE, 
for  the  period  1  January  –  31  December 
2022, as specified in the additional act to 
the  concession  contract  concluded  be-
tween  the  distribution  subsidiary  of  the 
Group  (Distributie  Energie  Electrica 
Romania SA „DEER”) with the Ministry of 
Energy. Because all the facts and circum-
stances  were  available  on  31  December 
2022,  the  Group  accounted  for  these 

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264

changes as an event the subsequent ad-
justment for the year ended 31 December 
2022 and recognized a financial asset for 
the  value  of  the  additional  NL  to  be 
recovered.

In  conclusion,  both  on  IFRS-EU 
and on OMFP 2844/2016 the Group rec-
ognizes related assets/revenues as a re-
sult of the additional difference of NL for 
the  distribution  subsidiary,  the  net  im-
pact in the profit of the period being the 
same in both sets of consolidated annual 
financial  statements,  while  in  the  finan-
cial  position  of  the  Group,  according  to 
OMFP 2844/2016 is recognized as an in-
tangible asset and according to IFRS-EU 
is regognized as a financial asset (divid-
ed  into  long-term/short-term  according 
to  the  recovery  of  additional  costs  with 
NL  in  tariffs),  both  assets  having  the 
same  net  value  reflected  in  the  state-
ments  consolidated  annual  financial 
statements,  thus  the  values  are  compa-
rable on both sets for the main financial 
indicators of the Electrica Group.

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265

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 Separate Financial Statements

266

267

2022 Separate Financial Statements

2022 Separate Financial Statements

2022 Separate 
Financial Statements

SOCIETATEA ENERGETICA ELECTRICA S.A.

Separate Financial Statements

as at and for the year ended

31 December 2022

prepared in accordance with

Ministry of Public Finance Order no. 2844/2016 for the approval of the 
Accounting Regulations in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards

Free translation from Romanian, which is the official and binding version

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268

Content

SEPARATE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION  .................................................................270
SEPARATE STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS ..............................................................................272

SEPARATE STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME .....................................................273
SEPARATE STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY ....................................................................274
SEPARATE STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS ......................................................................................276
NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ...........................................................278

Basis of preparation .....................................................................................................................................278
1 Reporting entity and general information .......................................................................................278
2 Basis of accounting .................................................................................................................................281
3 Functional and presentation currency  ...........................................................................................281
4 Use of judgements and estimates  ....................................................................................................281

Accounting policies ......................................................................................................................................282
5 Basis of measurement  ...........................................................................................................................282
6 Significant accounting policies  .........................................................................................................282
7 Adoption of new and revised standards and interpretations .................................................291
Performance for the year ..........................................................................................................................292
8 Other income and operating expenses ...........................................................................................292
9 Net finance income .................................................................................................................................293
10 Earnings per share .................................................................................................................................293
11 Short-term employee benefits ...........................................................................................................293

Employee benefits ........................................................................................................................................294
12 Post-employment and other long-term employee benefits ..................................................294
13 Employee benefit expenses ...............................................................................................................296
Long-term bank loans .................................................................................................................................296
14 Bank borrowings and overdrafts ......................................................................................................296

Income tax .........................................................................................................................................................297
15 Income tax .................................................................................................................................................297

Assets ...................................................................................................................................................................298
16 Trade receivables ....................................................................................................................................298
17 Other receivables....................................................................................................................................300
18 Cash and cash equivalents .................................................................................................................300
19 Property, plant and equipment .........................................................................................................301
20 Intangible assets ....................................................................................................................................303
21 Investments in subsidiaries  ................................................................................................................303
22 Investments in associates ...................................................................................................................305
23 Loans granted to subsidiaries ...........................................................................................................306

Equity and liabilities .....................................................................................................................................309
24 Capital and reserves .............................................................................................................................309
25 Trade payables ........................................................................................................................................311
26 Other payables .......................................................................................................................................311
27 Provisions ..................................................................................................................................................311

Financial instruments ..................................................................................................................................311
28 Financial instruments - fair values and risk management .....................................................311

Other information ..........................................................................................................................................315
29 Related parties .......................................................................................................................................315
30 Contingencies .........................................................................................................................................318
31 Commitments ..........................................................................................................................................319
32 Subsequent events................................................................................................................................320

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SEPARATE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 

SEPARATE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 

Note

31 December
2022

31 December
2021

Note

31 December
2022

31 December
2021

98,939,502               

               100,057,480 

Lease liability – long term

Liabilities

Non-current liabilities

19

20

21

22

1

23

18

16

17

23

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

ASSETS

Non-current assets

Property, plant and 
equipment

Intangible assets

Investments in 
subsidiaries

Investments in associates 

Other investments

Loans granted to 
subsidiaries – long term

Right of use assets

Total non-current assets

Current assets

Cash and cash equivalents

Trade receivables

Other receivables

Prepayments

Loans granted to 
subsidiaries – short term

Assets held for sale

Total current assets

Total assets

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

Equity

Share capital 

Share premium

.

Treasury shares reserve

Pre-paid capital 
contributions in kind from 
shareholders

Revaluation reserves

Legal reserves

Other reserves

Retained earnings

Total equity
(Continued on next page)

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126,189

                       53,676 

2,298,128,361

            2,285,224,715 

18,821,421

                25,809,696

7,000,000

-

1,276,325,000

1,276,325,000

248,087

488,370

3,699,588,560

3,687,958,937

105,631,939

                  5,757,972

795,526

501,493,067

925,873

584,765,644

1,023,678

                     765,483

45,034,523

279,655

654,258,388

30,000,000

279,655

622,494,627

4,353,846,948         

         4,310,453,564

3,464,435,970

     3,464,435,970

103,049,177

               103,049,177

(75,372,435)

               (75,372,435)

7,366

7,366

11,806,704

                12,397,647

229,435,101

             228,156,226 

224,105,807

38,908,798

71,213,362 

319,621,087

3,996,376,488

         4,123,508,400

12

14

18

25

26

11,12

27

Employee benefits

Long-term bank 
borrowings

Total non-current 
liabilities

Current liabilities

Bank overdrafts

Lease liability – short term

Trade payables

Other payables

Deferred revenue

Employee benefits

Provisions

Total current liabilities

Total liabilities

Total equity and 
liabilities 

54,049 

1,095,651

100,000,000

118,456

1,050,299

-

101,149,700

1,168,755

207,830,772

215,561

4,744,726

36,474,707

173,187

5,840,131

1,041,676

256,320,760

357,470,460

120,541,354

394,818

4,034,356

44,022,468

384,578

12,160,721

4,238,114

185,776,409

186,945,164

4,353,846,948

4,310,453,564

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these separate financial statements.

Chief Executive Officer
Alexandru – Aurelian Chirita

Chief Financial Officer
Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

07 March 2023

.

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SEPARATE STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)

SEPARATE STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)

2022

2021

5,179,621

808,081

Note

2022

2021

(30,156,958)

(39,239,650)

Profit for the year

24,304,885

321,819,884

(1,586,304)

(2,274,344)

Other comprehensive income

101,380 

70,195

Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss

Re-measurements of the defined benefit liability 

4,840

3,804,893

Tax related to re-measurements of the defined benefit liability

12

15

1,621,494

269,825

(259,439)

 (43,172)

3,196,438

1,580,149

Other comprehensive income, net of tax

1,362,055

226,653

(18,538,612)

(20,389,544)

(41,799,595)

(55,640,220)

78,298,886

377,682,973

(12,440,801)

(262,543)

65,858,085

377,420,430

(13,044)

(3,498)

24,045,446

       321,776,712

259,439

                        43,172 

24,304,885

           321,819,884 

0.07

0.95

Total comprehensive income

25,666,940

322,046,537

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these separate financial statements.

Chief Executive Officer

Alexandru - Aurelian Chirita

Chief Financial Officer

Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

07 March 2023 

.

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273

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these separate financial statements.

Chief Executive Officer
Alexandru – Aurelian Chirita

Chief Financial Officer
Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

07 March 2023

Other income

Employee benefits

Depreciation and 
amortization

Reversal of impairment 
of trade and other 
receivables, net

Reversal of impairment/
(Impairment) of property, 
plant and equipment, net

Change in provisions 
for legal cases and non-
compete clauses, net

Other operating expenses

Loss before finance result

Finance income

Finance costs

Net finance income

Share of results of 
associates

Profit before tax

Income tax benefit

Profit for the year

.

Earnings per share

Basic and diluted earnings 
per share (RON)

Note

8

13

19,20

16,17

19

27

8

9

9

22

15

10

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272

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
SEPARATE STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)

SEPARATE STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)

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275

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEPARATE STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)

SEPARATE STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)

Note

2022

2021

Note

2022

2021

Cash flows from 
operating activities 

Profit for the year

Adjustments for:

Depreciation 

Amortisation 

Reversal of impairment 
of property, plant and 
equipment, net

Loss from the disposal of 
tangible assets

Loss from investments in 
subsidiaries

Reversal of impairment 
of trade and other 
receivables, net

Impairment of assets held 
for sale

Net finance income

Share of loss of associates

Changes in employee 
benefits obligations

Changes in provisions, net

Income tax benefit

Changes in:

Trade receivables

Other receivables

Trade payables

Other payables

Employee benefits

Cash flow used in 
operating activities

19

20

19

19

21

24,304,885

       321,819,884

1,006,439

             1,114,306

579,865

1,160,038

(4,840)

 (3,804,893)

-

-

3,104,047

73

16,17

(101,380)

 (70,195)

9

22

12

27

15

-

492,336

(65,858,085)

 (377,420,430)

13,044

3,498

 (4,977,943)

5,054,128

(3,196,438)

(259,439)

 (1,580,149)

 (43,172)

(48,493,892)

     (50,170,529)

231,727

(489,743)

428,462

757,931

64,760

 (443,724) 

 2,972,994

 (2,874,463)

 259,359

 (286,961) 

(47,500,755)

      (50,543,324)

Interest paid

(12,238,993)

 (179,011)

Net cash used in 
operating activities
(Continued on next page)

(59,739,748)

(50,722,335)

Cash flows from investing 
activities

Payments for purchases of 
property, plant and equipment

Payments for purchase of 
intangible assets

Payments for purchase of interests 
in subsidiaries, net

Proceeds from sales of 
investments in subsidiaries

Proceeds from the sale of 
property, plant and equipment

Proceeds from loans granted to 
subsidiaries

Payment for acquisition of 
investment in associate

Payment for other long term 
investments

Loans granted to subsidiaries

Cash used by subsidiaries under 
the cash pooling facility

Interest received

Dividends received

Restricted cash

Net cash (used in)/from investing 
activities

Cash flows from financing 
activities

Dividends paid

Payment of lease liabilities

Proceeds from overdrafts

Long-term bank borrowings

Net cash used in financing 
activities

Net increase in cash and cash 
equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at 1 
January

Reclassification of overdrafts 
previously presented as cash and 
cash equivalents

23,29

9

24

15

18

18

(1,875,869)

 (4,829,850)

(166,015)

 -

(4,439,771)

(124,990)

-

1,179,434

20

21,001

135,945,985

60,000,000

(13,044)

(25,813,194)

(7,000,000)

-

(150,980,508)

        (336,325,000)

81,289,620

        (393,576,820)

72,086,815

-

-

 42,172,401 

 329,543,644

320,000,000

126,026,647

(8,932,788)

(153,150,278)

 (247,626,657)

(552,172)

               (986,422)

87,289,418

100,000,000

-

-

33,587,068

 (248,613,079)

.

99,873,967

       (308,268,202)

(114,783,382)

             193,484,820 

120,541,354

-

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

Cash and cash equivalents at 31 
December
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these separate financial statements.

105,631,939

18

      (114,783,382)

Chief Executive Officer
Alexandru – Aurelian Chirita

Chief Financial Officer
Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

07 March 2023 

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.

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276

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sole 
registration 
code

Head Office

% shareholding as 
at 31 December 2022

% shareholding as at 
31 December 2021

CCP.RO 
Bucharest S.A. 
(CCP.RO)

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)

Basis of preparation

1 Reporting entity and general information

These  financial  statements  are  the  separate  financial  statements  of  Societatea  Energetica 

Electrica S.A. (“Company” or “Electrica SA”) as at and for the year ended 31 December 2022.

Electrica  was  originally  incorporated  as  a  company  in  1998  by  Government  Decision  no. 
365/1998,  following  the  restructuring  of  the  former  National  Electricity  Company  (RENEL).  On  1 
August 2000, following the restructuring of the former National Electricity Company (CONEL) under 
the Government Decision no. 627/2000, the Company was allocated a new tax registration number. 
The  registered  office  of  the  Company  is  no  9,  Grigore  Alexandrescu  Street,  District  1,  Bucharest, 
Romania.  The  Company  has  sole  registration  code  13267221  and  Trade  Register  number 
J40/7425/2000.

As  at  31  December  2022  and  31  December  2021,  the  major  shareholder  of  Societatea 
Energetica Electrica S.A. is the Romanian State, represented by the Ministry of Energy with a share 
of ownership of 48.79% from the share capital.

The Company’s shares are listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange and the global depository 
receipts (“GDRs”) are listed on the London Stock Exchange. The shares traded on the London Stock 
Exchange are the global depositary receipts, one global depositary receipt representing four shares. 
The Bank of New York Mellon is the depositary bank for these securities.

As at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, the Company’s subsidiaries are the following:

Subsidiary

Activity

Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania 
S.A. (“DEER”)

Electricity dis-
tribution in geo-
graphical areas 
Transilvania Nord, 
Transilvania Sud 
and Muntenia Nord

Electrica Furnizare 
S.A.

Electricity and nat-
ural gas supply

Electrica Serv S.A.

Services in the en-
ergy sector (main-
tenance, repairs, 
construction)

Electrica Productie 
Energie S.A

Electricity gener-
ation

Sunwind Energy 
S.R.L.

Electricity gener-
ation

New Trend Energy 
S.R.L.

Electricity gener-
ation

Green Energy 
Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L.

Servicii Energetice 
Oltenia S.A. (in 
bankruptcy)

Servicii Energetice 
Moldova S.A. (in 
bankruptcy)

Servicii Energetice 
Banat S.A. (in 
bankruptcy)

Servicii Energetice 
Dobrogea S.A. (in 
bankruptcy)

Electricity gener-
ation

Services in the en-
ergy sector (main-
tenance, repairs, 
construction)

Services in the en-
ergy sector (main-
tenance, repairs, 
construction)

Services in the en-
ergy sector (main-
tenance, repairs, 
construction)

Services in the en-
ergy sector (main-
tenance, repairs, 
construction)

.

.

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278

14476722

Cluj-Napoca

99.99999929%

99.99999929%

28909028

Bucuresti

99.9998444099934%

99.9998415011992%

17329505

Bucuresti

99.99998095%

99.99998095%

44854129

Bucuresti

99.9920%

99.9920%

42910478

Constanta

42921590

Constanta

29172101

Prahova

60%

60%

75%

-

-

-

29389861

Craiova

100%

100%

29386768

Bacau

100%

100%

29388211

Timisoara

100%

100%

29388378

Constanta

100%

100%

As at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, the Company’s associates are the following:

Associate

Activity

Crucea Power Park S.R.L.

Sunwind Energy S.R.L.

New Trend Energy S.R.L.

Foton Power Energy S.R.L.

Electricity 
generation
Electricity 
generation
Electricity 
generation
Electricity 
generation

Sole 
registration 
code

Head Office

% 
shareholding 
as at 31 
December 
2022

% 
shareholding 
as at 31 
December 
2021

25242042

Constanta

30%

42910478

Constanta

42921590

Constanta

-

-

43652555

Constanta

30%

30%

30%

30%

30%

As at 31 December 2022, the Company’s other long term investments are the following:

Company

Activity

Sole registration 
code

Head Office

% shareholding 
as at 31 
December 2022

% shareholding 
as at 31 
December 2021

Financial bro-
kerage activities, 
exclusively insur-
ance activities 
and pension 
funds (risk 
management 
through deriv-
ative products 
on the energy 
market)

17777754

Bucuresti

8.06%

-

Changes in Company structure during 2022

Acquisition of shares in subsidiaries

On 21 March 2022, the Company acquired an additional 30% of the shares and voting inte-
rests in Sunwind Energy S.R.L. As a result, the Company’s equity interest increased from 30% to 60%, 
granting control of Sunwind Energy S.R.L. (for further details please see Note 21). 

On 27 May 2022, the Company acquired an additional 30% of the shares and voting interests 
in New Trend Energy S.R.L.. As a result, the Company’s equity interest increased from 30% to 60%, 
granting control of New Trend Energy S.R.L. (for further details please see Note 21). 

On  6  September  2022,  the  Company  acquired  75%  of  Green  Energy  Consultancy  & 

Investments S.R.L.’s  shares granting control of the entity (for further details please see Note 21). 

.

Entering the shareholding structure of CCP.RO

On 8 December 2022, the effective subscription was made in the amount of RON 7.000.000, 
equivalent to 8.06% of the share capital of the company CPP.RO Bucharest S.A. after the increase of 
the share capital, CCP.RO thus becoming a financial investment owned by Electrica for the long term. 
CCP.RO will fulfil the role of central counterparty for the transactions concluded on the markets ser-
ved, respectively on financial instruments markets, including derivative financial instruments, admi-
nistered by the Bucharest Stock Exchange (BSE) and on the markets organized for the trading of 
electricity  administered  by  the  Romanian  Electricity  and  Gas  Market  Operator  OPCOM  (OPCOM) 
(significant shareholder of CCP.RO – with 19.06% stake).

The Company’s main activities

Currently, the core business of the Company, according to the Statute is “Activities of busi-
ness and management consulting”, also performing corporate activities at parent company level for 
its subsidiaries. 

Electrica SA is the parent company of one electricity distribution company (set up from mer-
ger  of  three  electricity  distribution  companies),  one  electricity  and  natural  gas  supplier,  five 

.

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279

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
companies providing services in the energy sector (out of which four are currently in bankruptcy) 
and five energy production companies (Electrica Energie Verde 1 SRL in which Electrica SA has an 
indirect shareholding of 100% being acquired by Electrica Productie Energie SA), to which two ener-
gy  production  project  companies  are  being  added  where  the  Company  doesn’t  have  control  (the 
shareholding is 30%). 

During  2021  and  2022,  Societatea  Energetica  Electrica  SA  (“ELSA”)  made  the  following 

changes in the subsidiaries and associated entities:

 – Electrica Productie Energie (“EPE”), a company founded during 2021, which will handle 
the acquisition and development of projects for generating electricity from renewable so-
urces, respectively for capacity operation power generation, cumulated with the develop-
ment and operation of independent storage solutions that the company plans to develop 
them in the future;

 – Electrica Energie Verde 1 SRL (“EEV1”), an energy production company that owns a park 
of  photovoltaic  panels  in  Stanesti,  Giurgiu  County,  with  an  installed  capacity  of  7.5  MW 
(operating capacity being limited to 6.8 MW); the company was acquired in 2020 by Elec-
trica Furnizare S.A. subsidiary, and to which Electrica SA holds an indirect shareholding of 
100% of the shares;

 – Sunwind Energy SRL, develops the photovoltaic project “Satu Mare 2” with a projected 
installed capacity of 27 MW,, located in the vicinity of Satu Mare, with a total estimated 
price for 100% of the shares of 1,485,000 EUR and became a subsidiary on 21.03.2022 as 
a result of ELSA’s ownership of 60% of the shares;

 – New Trend Energy SRL, develops the photovoltaic project “Satu Mare 3”, with a projected 
capacity of 59 MW, located in the vicinity of Satu Mare, with a total estimated price for 
100% of the solcial parts of 3.245.000 EUR and became a subsidiary on 27.05.2022 as a 
result of ELSA’s ownership of 60% of the shares;

 – Green  Energy  Consultancy  &  Investments  SRL,  develops  the  photovoltaic  project  “Vul-
turu” with an installed capacity of 12 MW (power at the level of the panels) and 9.75 MW 
(evacuatable power in network), located in the area of Vulturu commune, Vrancea county;
 – Crucea Power Park SRL, develops the wind project “Crucea Est”, with a projected installed 
capacity of 121 MW and a projected electricity storage capacity of 60 MWh (15 MW x 4h), 
located outside the village Crucea, jud. Constanta, with an estimated total price for 100% 
of the solcial parts of 8.470.000 EUR;

 – Foton Power Energy SRL, develops the photovoltaic project “Bihor 1” with a projected in-
stalled capacity of 77.5 MW, located in the vicinity of Oradea, with a total estimated price 
for 100% of the solcial parts of 4.262.500 EUR.

Increase in Energy price impact 

Following the total liberalization of the electricity market from 1 January 2021 for all types of 
consumers, the international context of the energy markets characterized by an imbalance between 
supply and demand at European level, corroborated with the energy policies developed both at EU 
and national level, has led to an increase in electricity prices. Moreover, the strong increase in energy 
prices is both the result of external factors, such as the exponential increase in the price of emission 
allowances,  and  of  internal  factors,  such  as  the  high  share  of  energy  traded  on  the  spot  market 
(DAM). The entire energy sector was affected by the increased energy price.

The aforementioned difficult conditions led to an increase in operating expenses, mainly for 
the acquisition of energy for network losses and for supplying activity, affecting two of the Company’s 
subsidiaries. For the two subsidiaries the unstable economic environment, led to a decrease in finan-
cial performance for 2021, but during 2022 the financial performance has significantly improved, due 
to electricity acquisition security measures for the supply segment and for distribution segment has 
benefit by capitalisation of additional costs with own technological consumption, also with no signi-
ficant difficulties in receivables collection and consequently payment of debts being noted. 

Due to the recent changes in the global energy market, including EU, each EU member state 
had to amend legal framework for the energy sector in order to protect the civil society interests on 
the one hand and, on the other hand to ensure a proper equilibrium and functionality on the local 
energy market by supporting also the utilities energy suppliers. As a result, Romanian Regulatory 
Authority for Energy – ANRE (https://www.anre.ro/) has to adopt similar measures through its Order 
129/2022 approving Methodological norms regarding the recognition in the tariffs of the additional 

costs with the acquisition of electricity for covering the network losses compared to the costs inclu-
ded in the regulated tariffs, carried out between 1 January 2022 – 31 August 2023. 

In 2022 the effect of retail prices for electricity was covered as grants received from the state 
authorities, as a result of the application of the mechanism of capping the prices for electricity and 
natural  gas,  following  the  enacting  of  Ordinances  118/2021  and  119/2022,  the  electricity  prices  for 
certain categories of households and industrial consumers has been capped to a certain level. The 
difference between the capped level and the average acquisition prices in the period to which a mar-
gin has been allowed, is recoverable from the state authorities.

The  Company  actively  implements  strategies  and  takes  measures  in  order  to  reduce  any 
liquidity risk which may appear within the Group among which: securing new overdrafts, prolonging 
the terms for reimbursments of current overdrafts, increaseing the limits for current overdrafts,  se-
curing the prolonging of the cash pooling facility.

Geopolitical tensions

In February 2022 global geopolitical tensions significantly escalated following military inter-
ventions in Ukraine by the Russian Federation. As a result of these escalations, economic uncertain-
ties in energy and capital markets have increased, with global energy prices expected to be highly 
volatile for the foreseeable future.  As at the date of these separate financial statements, manage-
ment is unable to reliably estimate the effects on the Groups financial outlook and cannot exclude 
adverse consequence on the business, operations, and financial position. Management believes it is 
taking all the necessary measures to support the sustainability and growth of the Group’s business 
in  the  current  circumstances  and  that  judgements  used  in  these  financial  statements  remain 
appropriate.

2 Basis of accounting

These separate financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Ministry of 
Public Finance Order no. 2844/2016 for the approval of the Accounting Regulations in accordance 
with International Financial Reporting Standards (“OMFP no. 2844/2016”). In acceptance of OMFP 
no. 2844/2016, International Financial Reporting Standards are standards adopted under the proce-
dure provided by the European Commission Regulation no. 1606/2002 of the European Parliament 
and of the Council of 19 July 2002 regarding the application of the international accounting standar-
ds. The consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group prepared in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by EU will be published at least 30 days before the GSM 
scheduled on 28 April 2023.

These separate financial statements were authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on 
07 March 2023 and will be submitted for shareholders’ approval in the general meeting scheduled on 
28 April 2023.

Details of the Company’s accounting policies are included in Note 6. The Company has con-
sistently  applied  the  accounting  policies  to  all  periods  presented  in  these  separate  financial 
statements.

3 Functional and presentation currency 

These separate financial statements are presented in Romanian Lei (RON), which is the func-

tional currency of the Company. All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated.

4 Use of judgements and estimates 

In  preparing  these  separate  financial  statements,  the  management  has  made  judgements, 
estimates and assumptions that affect the application of the Company’s accounting policies and the 
reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Actual results may differ from these 
estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to esti-

mates are prospectively recognised.

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NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Judgements, assumptions and estimation uncertainties

Information about judgements made in applying accounting policies and assumptions and 
estimation uncertainties that have the most significant effects on the amounts recognised in the se-
parate financial statements is included below: 

 y Note 6 h) – estimates regarding the useful lives of property, plant and equipment;
 y Note 19 – assumptions regarding the revalued amount of property, plant and equipment;
 y Note 21 – assumptions and estimates regarding the valuation of shareholdings in the sub-

sidiaries;

 y Note 15 - assumptions regarding the recognition of deferred tax asset;

Measurement of fair values

A number of the Company’s accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of 

fair values for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.

When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses observable market 
data  as  far  as  possible.  Fair  values  are  categorised  into  different  levels  in  the  fair  value  hierarchy 
based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:

 y Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
 y Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the as-

set or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices);

 y Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (un-

observable inputs).

If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability are categorised into di-
fferent levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is entirely categorised on 
the level of the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement.

under  the  support  scheme  amounting  to  RON  350,000  thousand  which  will  be  drawn 
during the forecast period;

 y Also, the Group obtained the approval of the GSM to perform one or more bond issuance 
within a ceiling of up to 900,000 thousand RON in the period 2022-2023, mainly for the 
development of green energy generation projects. Depending on market context, a first 
issuance of up to RON 650,000 thousand in the second part of 2023 is envisaged, and 
until its use in the operationalization of green energy production projects, the respective 
amounts attracted will be able to be used as a liquidity buffer at the Group level.

At the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements the regulatory position 
may be further amended and there may be further laws enacted which could adversely impact the 
Groups operating cash flows during the forecast period. Given the current market uncertainties, the 
Group is closely monitoring the market context and is continuously analysing the opportunities for 
optimisation of debt and increase of bank overdrafts and long-term loans. In light of the importance 
of the Group as the supplier and distributed of electricity on the Romanian market, having 40.7 % 
(according to the latest ANRE report 2021 for the distribution segment) as market share on the elec-
tricity  distribution  and  17.72  %  (according  to  the  latest  ANRE  report  October  2022  for  the  supply 
segment)  as  market  share  on  the  electricity  supply  market  and  having  as  main  shareholder  of 
Electrica SA the Romanian State, the management believes sufficient financing will be made availa-
ble to cover any financing requirements arising from market uncertainty and Group will be able to 
meet its obligations as they fall due. 

Based upon the above projections and other information, given the measures already imple-
mented and the strategies to reduce the risks which may occur due to the instability of the economic 
environment, the Board of Directors has, at the time of approving the consolidated financial state-
ments, a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational 
existence for the foreseeable future. Thus they continue to adopt the going concern basis of accoun-
ting in preparing the consolidated financial statements.

The Company recognises transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of 

(b) Revenue

the reporting period during which the change has occurred.

Further information about the assumptions used in measuring fair values is included in 
 y Note 19: Property, plant and equipment.
 y Note 28: Financial instruments - fair values and risk management.

Accounting policies

5 Basis of measurement 

The separate financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for 

the land and buildings, which are measured based on revaluation model.

6 Significant accounting policies 

The Company has consistently applied the following accounting policies to all periods pre-
sented in these separate financial statements. The new amendments to existing standards that are 
effective starting with 1 January 2022 do not have a significant impact over the Company separate 
financial statements.

(a) Going Concern

The standalone financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis. In ma-
king this judgement management considers current trading performance and access to finance re-
sources. The Company depends upon the trading and cash generation of its subsidiaries, that have 
been included in the Groups consolidated forecast which includes the following assumptions:

 y A  continuation  of  the  support  scheme  until  31  March  2025  according  to  the  applicable 
legislation but with a more stable flow of repayments of the reimbursement requests for 
subsidies as compared with last year, as the mechanism has been operationally improved; 
 y The utilization of confirmed  debt facilities up  to  a limit of  RON 4,948,373 thousand, in-
cluding RON thousand 2,891,660 thousand overdraft limits (out of which RON 2,571,037 
thousand used until 31.12.2022) and RON 2,056,713 thousand long term loans limit (out of 
which RON 760,713 thousand long term loans used until 31.12.2022);

 y The utilization of not yet confirmed facilities amounting to RON 283,000 thousand and 
limits for factoring without recourse for the requests for reimbursement for the subsidies 

The  Company  recognizes  the  revenue  from  contracts  with  customers  in  accordance  with 

IFRS 15. 

Under the standard, revenue is recognized when or as the customer acquires control over 
the goods or services rendered, at the amount which reflects the price at which the Company is ex-
pected to be entitled to receive in exchange of those goods or services. Revenue is recognized at the 
fair value of the services rendered or goods delivered, net of VAT, excises or other taxes related to 
the sale.

(c) Commissions

The Company assesses its revenue arrangements based on specific criteria to determine if it 
is acting as principal or agent. If the Company acts in the capacity of an agent rather than as the 
principal in a transaction, then the recognised revenue is the net amount of commission earned by 
the Company.

(d) Finance income and finance costs

The Company’s finance income and finance costs include:
 y interest income;
 y interest expense;
 y dividend income;
 y the foreign currency gain or loss on financial assets and financial liabilities; 
 y impairment losses recognised on financial assets (other than trade receivables).

Interest income or expense is recognised using the effective interest method.

(e) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the functional currency at the exchange 

rates at the date of the transactions.

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NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated to the func-
tional currency at the exchange rate at the reporting date, as communicated by the National Bank of 
Romania. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are 
translated  to  the  functional  currency  at  the  exchange  rate  when  the  fair  value  was  determined. 
Foreign currency differences are recognised in profit or loss. Non-monetary items that are measured 
based on historical cost in a foreign currency are not translated to the functional currency.

(f) Employee benefits

(i) Short-term employee benefits

Short-term employee benefits are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related 
service is provided.  A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid if the Company has a present, 
legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past services provided by the employee and 
the obligation can be reliably estimated.

(ii) Defined benefit plans

The Company’s net obligation in respect of defined benefit plans is calculated separately for each plan 
by estimating the amount of future benefits that employees have earned in the current and prior periods, by 
discounting that amount. 

The calculation of defined benefit obligations is performed annually by a qualified actuary using the 

projected unit credit method.

Re-measurements of the net defined benefit liability, which comprise actuarial gains and losses, are 
recognised immediately in other comprehensive income. The Company determines the net interest expense/
(income)  on  the  net  defined  benefit  liability  for  the  period  by  applying  the  discount  rate  used  to  measure 
the defined benefit obligation at the beginning of the annual period to the then-net defined benefit liability, 
considering any changes in the net defined benefit liability during the period as a result of contributions and 
benefit payments. Net interest expense and other expenses related to defined benefit plans are recognised in 
profit or loss.

When the benefits of a plan are changed or when a plan is curtailed, the resulting change in benefit 
that relates to past service or the gain or loss on curtailment is recognised immediately in profit or loss. The 
Company recognises gains and losses on the settlement of a defined benefit plan when the settlement occurs.

(iii) Other long-term employee benefits

The  Company’s  net  obligation  in  respect  of  long-term  employee  benefits  is  the  amount  of  future 
benefit that employees have earned in return for their service in the current and prior periods. That benefit is 
discounted to determine its present value. Re-measurements are recognised in profit or loss in the period in 
which they arise.

(iv) Termination benefits

Termination  benefits  are  expensed  at  the  earlier  of  when  the  Company  can  no  longer  withdraw  the 
offer of those benefits and when the Company recognises costs for a restructuring. If benefits are not expected 
to be settled wholly within 12 months of the end of the reporting period, then they are discounted.

.

(g) Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. It is recognised in profit or loss except for 
the items recognised directly in equity or in other comprehensive income, in which case it will be recognized 
directly in equity or in other comprehensive income. 

(i) Current tax

Current tax comprises the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the 
year and any adjustment to tax payable or receivable in respect of previous years. It is measured using tax rates 
enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Current tax also includes any tax arising from dividends.

(ii) Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognised in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets 
and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is not 
recognised for:

 y temporary differences arising from the initial recognition of assets and liabilities resulting 
from transactions that are not business combinations and that affect neither accounting 
nor taxable profit or loss;

 y temporary  differences  resulting  from  investments  in  subsidiaries,  associates  and  jointly 
controlled entities, to the extent that the Company can exercise control over the reversal 

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period of the temporary differences and it is probable that they will not be reversed in the 
foreseeable future.

Deferred tax assets are recognised for unused tax losses, unused tax credits and deductible 
temporary differences only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be availa-
ble to be used for covering them. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are 
reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realised. 

Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates that are expected to be applicable to tem-
porary differences when they are reversed, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the 
reporting date. 

The measurement of the deferred tax reflects the tax consequences that would follow from 
the manner in which the Company expects to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and 
liabilities at the reporting date. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if certain criteria are met.

Unrecognized deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and recognized to 
the extent that it is probable that the future taxable profits will be available against which they can 
be used.

(h) Property, plant and equipment

(i) Recognition and measurement   

Property, plant and equipment are initially recognised at cost, which includes purchase price 
and other costs directly attributable to acquisition and bringing the asset to the location and condi-
tion necessary for their intended use. 

After initial recognition, land and buildings are measured at revalued amounts less any accu-

mulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses since the most recent valuation. 

The Company used the fair value as deemed cost for the tangible assets for the opening of 

the financial position.

Revaluations  are  performed  with  sufficient  regularity  to  ensure  that  the  carrying  amount 
does not materially differ from the one which would be determined using the fair value at the end of 
the reporting period.

When a building is revalued, the accumulated depreciation is eliminated against the gross 

carrying amount of that item, and the net amount is restated to the revalued amount of the asset. 

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, 
then  they  are  accounted  for  as  separate  items  (major  components)  of  property,  plant  and 
equipment.

Spare parts, stand-by and servicing equipment are classified as property, plant and equip-
ment if they are expected to be used during more than one period or can be used only in connection 
with an item of property, plant and equipment.

Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in 

profit or loss.

(ii) Subsequent expenditure   

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits 

associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company.

(iii) Depreciation   

Depreciation is calculated to write off the cost of items of property, plant and equipment less 
their estimated residual values using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives and is 
recognised in profit or loss. Leased assets are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and 
their useful lives unless it is reasonably certain that the Company will obtain ownership right by the 
end of the lease term. Land and other non-current assets in progress are not depreciated.

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NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment are as follows:

Loans and receivables

Category

Useful lives (years)

Buildings
Equipment
Vehicles, furniture and office equipment

   40-60 
4-12 
3-10 

These assets are initially recognized at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction 
costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, they are measured at amortized cost using the effective in-
terest method. The amortised cost is reduced by impairment losses. 

Loans  and  receivables  comprise  trade  receivables,  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  bank 

The depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting 

deposits.

date and adjusted if appropriate.

(i) Intangible assets

(i) Recognition and measurement    

Intangible assets that are acquired by the Company and have finite useful lives are measured 

at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

(ii) Subsequent expenditure   

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits 
embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure, including expenditure on 
internally generated goodwill and brands, is recognised in profit or loss as incurred.

(iii) Amortization   

Amortization is calculated to write off the cost of intangible assets less their estimated resi-
dual values using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, and is recognised in pro-
fit or loss. 

The estimated useful lives of software and licenses are 3-5 years.

Amortisation method, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date 

and adjusted if appropriate.

(j) Financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the Company’s statement of finan-

cial position when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs 
that  are  directly  attributable  to  the  acquisition  or  issue  of  financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities 
(other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or 
deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial 
recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial 
liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in profit or loss.

Trade receivables 

Trade receivables include mainly invoices issued or to be issued to the subsidiaries for the 

rendered services.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits and deposits with ma-
turities of three months or less from the transaction date that are subject to an insignificant risk of 
changes  in  their  fair  value,  that  are  used  by  the  Company  in  the  management  of  its  short-term 
commitments.

(ii) Financial liabilities 

All financial liabilities are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective inte-

rest method or at fair value through profit or loss. 

Financial liabilities that are not (i) contingent consideration of an acquirer in a business com-
bination, (ii) held-for-trading, or (iii) designated as at fair value, are measured subsequently at amor-
tised cost using the effective interest method. The effective interest method is a method of calcula-
ting  the  amortised  cost  of  a  financial  liability  and  of  allocating  interest  expense  over  the  relevant 
period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments 
(including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, 
transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability, 
or (where appropriate) a shorter period, to the amortised cost of a financial liability.

Other financial liabilities include trade payables.

(iii) Share capital

Ordinary shares

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue 

of ordinary shares, net of any tax effects, are recognized as a deduction from equity.

(i) Financial assets

Repurchase and reissue of ordinary shares (treasury shares)

All regular way purchases or sales of financial assets are recognised and derecognised on a 
trade date basis. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or sales of financial assets that requ-
ire delivery of assets within the time frame established by regulation or convention in the marketpla-
ce. All recognised financial assets are measured subsequently in their entirety at either amortised 
cost or fair value, depending on the classification of the financial assets.

Financial  assets  are  initially  measured  at  fair  value  and  subsequently  at  amortized  cost  in 
accordance with IFRS 9, as they are held in a business model to collect contractual cash flows and 
these  cash  flows  consist  solely  of  payments  of  principal  and  interest  on  the  principal  amount 
outstanding.

The amortized cost of a financial asset is the amount at which the financial asset is measured 
at initial recognition less the principal reimbursements, plus the cumulative amortization using the 
effective interest method, adjusted for any loss allowance. The gross carrying amount of a financial 
asset is the amortized cost of a financial asset before adjusting for any loss allowance.

Foreign exchange gains and losses

The carrying amount of financial assets that are denominated in a foreign currency is deter-

mined in that foreign currency and translated at the spot rate at the end of each reporting period.

When shares recognized as equity are repurchased, the amount of the consideration paid, 
which includes directly attributable costs, net of any tax effects, is recognized as a deduction from 
equity. Repurchased shares are classified and presented in the treasury share reserve. When treasury 
shares are sold or reissued subsequently, the amount received is recognised as an increase in equity 
and the resulting surplus or deficit on the transaction is presented within share premium.

(k) Impairment

Impairment of financial assets

The Company recognises a loss allowance for expected credit losses on investments in debt 
instruments that are measured at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive inco-
me. The amount of expected credit losses is updated at each reporting date to reflect changes in 
credit risk since initial recognition of the respective financial instrument.

The Company always recognises lifetime expected credit losses for trade receivables. The 
expected credit losses on these financial assets are estimated using a provision matrix based on the 
Company’s historical credit loss experience, adjusted for factors that are specific to the debtors, ge-
neral economic conditions and an assessment of both the current as well as the forecast direction of 
conditions at the reporting date, including time value of money where appropriate.

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NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
i) Significant increase in credit risk

(n) Capital contributions in kind from shareholders

In assessing whether the credit risk on a financial instrument has increased significantly since 
initial recognition, the Company compares the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument 
at the reporting date with the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument at the date of 
initial recognition. 

Irrespective of the above analysis, the Company considers that default has occurred when a 
financial asset is more than 90 days past due unless the Company has reasonable and supportable 
information to demonstrate that a more lagging default criterion is more appropriate.

(ii) Write-off policy

The Company writes off a financial asset when after the finalization of the bankruptcy pro-
ceedings.  Financial  assets  written  off  may  still  be  subject  to  enforcement  activities  under  the 
Company’s recovery procedures, taking into account legal advice where appropriate. Any recoveries 
made are recognised in profit or loss.

(iii) Measurement and recognition of expected credit losses

The measurement of expected credit losses is a function of the probability of default, loss 
given default (i.e. the magnitude of the loss if there is a default) and the exposure at default. The 
assessment of the probability of default and loss given default is based on historical data adjusted 
by forward-looking information as described above. As for the exposure at default, for financial as-
sets, this is represented by the assets’ gross carrying amount at the reporting date.

For financial assets, the expected credit loss is estimated as the difference between all con-
tractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash 
flows that the Company expects to receive, discounted at the original effective interest rate. 

Derecognition of financial assets

The Company derecognizes a financial asset only when the contractual rights to the cash 
flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and 
rewards  of  ownership  of  the  asset  to  another  entity.  If  the  Company  neither  transfers  nor  retains 
substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the transferred asset, 
the Company recognizes its retained interest in the asset and an associated liability for amounts it 
may  have  to  pay.  If  the  Company  retains  substantially  all  the  risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  of  a 
transferred financial asset, the Company continues to recognize the financial asset and also recogni-
zes a collateralized borrowing for the proceeds received.

(l) Revaluation reserves

The difference between the revalued amount and the net carrying amount of property, plant 

and equipment is recognized as revaluation reserve included in equity.

If an asset’s carrying amount is increased as a result of a revaluation, the increase is recogni-
zed and accumulated in equity under the heading of revaluation reserve. However, the increase is 
recognized in profit and loss to the extent that it reverses a revaluation decrease of the same amount 
of the asset previously recognised in profit and loss.

If an asset’s carrying amount is decreased as a result of a revaluation, the decrease is recog-
nised in profit or loss, However, the decrease is recognized in equity in revaluation reserves if there is 
any credit balance existing in the revaluation reserve in respect of that asset.

The revaluation reserve is transferred to retained earnings in an amount corresponding to 

the use of the asset (as the asset is depreciated) and upon disposal of the asset.

(m) Dividends

Dividends are recognized as a deduction from equity in the period in which their distribution 
is approved and recognized as a liability to the extent it is unpaid at the reporting date. Dividends are 
disclosed in the notes to financial statements when their distribution is proposed after the reporting 
date and before the date of the issuance of the financial statements.

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These contributions from a shareholder represent pre-paid contributions of land for which 
the Company obtained title deeds in respect of future issuance of shares. The amounts recorded are 
based on the fair value of the land.

(o) Provisions

A provision is recognised if, as a result of a past event, the Company has a present legal or 
constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic 
benefits will be required to settle the obligation. Provisions are determined by discounting the ex-
pected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value 
of money and the risks specific to the liability. The unwinding of the discount is recognised as finance 
cost.

A provision for restructuring is recognised when the Company has approved a detailed and 
formal restructuring plan, and the restructuring either has commenced or has been announced pu-
blicly. No provisions are provided for future operating losses. 

(p) Contingent assets and liabilities

A contingent liability is:

(a)  a possible obligation that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed 
only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within 
the control of the Company; or 

(b) a present obligation that arises from past events that is not recognised because: 

        i.  it is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be 

required to settle the obligation; or  

        ii.  the amount of the obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability.  

Contingent liabilities are not recognized in the financial statements of the Company. They are 
presented  in  case  the  output  of  resources  incorporating  economic  benefits  is  possible  and  not 
probable. 

A contingent asset is a potential asset that appears as a result of previous events and whose 
existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or the non-occurrence of one or more uncertain 
future events, which are not fully controlled by the Company. 

A contingent asset is not recognized in the financial statements of the Company, but it is 

shown when an input of economic benefits is likely to arise.

(q) Leases

(i) The Company as lessee

.

The Company assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease, at inception of the contract. 
The Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability with respect to all 
lease arrangements in which it is the lessee, except for short-term leases (with a lease term of 12 
months or less) and leases of low value assets (of less than USD 5,000). For these leases, the Company 
recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the 
lease unless another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic 
benefits from the leased assets are consumed. 

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not 
paid at the commencement date, discounted by using the default rate in the lease. If this rate cannot 
be readily determined, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate. 

The lease liability is presented as a separate line in the statement of financial position. The 
lease liability is subsequently measured by increasing the carrying amount to reflect interest on the 
lease liability (using the effective interest method) and by reducing the carrying amount to reflect 
the lease payments made.

The Company remeasures the lease liability (and makes a corresponding adjustment to the 

related right-of-use asset) whenever:

.

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2
0
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N
N
A

289

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 y the lease term has changed or there is a significant event or change in circumstances re-
sulting in a change in the assessment of exercise of a purchase option, in which case the 
lease  liability  is  remeasured  by  discounting  the  revised  lease  payments  using  a  revised 
discount rate;

 y the lease payments change due to changes in an index or rate or a change in expected 
payment under a guaranteed residual value, in which cases the lease liability is remeasured 
by discounting the revised lease payments using an unchanged discount rate (unless the 
lease payments change is due to a change in a floating interest rate, in which case a re-
vised discount rate is used);

 y a lease contract is modified and the lease modification is not accounted for as a separate 
lease, in which case the lease liability is remeasured based on the lease term of the mod-
ified lease by discounting the revised lease payments using a revised discount rate at the 
effective date of the modification.

Right-of-use assets are depreciated over the shorter period of lease term and useful life of 
the underlying asset. If a lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset or the cost of the right-
of-use asset reflects that the Company expects to exercise a purchase option, the related right-of-
use asset is depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset. The depreciation starts at the 
commencement date of the lease.

The  right-of-use  assets  are  presented  as  a  separate  line  in  the  statement  of  financial 

position.

(ii) Rental income

Rental income from property, plant and equipment other than property investment is reco-
gnised as Other income. Rental income is recognised on a straight-line basis over the term of the 
lease.

(r) Investment in associates

An associate is an entity over which the Company has significant influence and that is neither 
a subsidiary nor an interest in a joint venture. Significant influence is the power to participate in the 
financial and operating policy decisions of the investee but is not control or joint control over those 
policies. 

The results and assets and liabilities of associates are incorporated in these financial state-
ments using the equity method of accounting, except when the investment is classified as held for 
sale, in which case it is accounted for in accordance with IFRS 5. 

Under the equity method, an investment in an associate is recognised initially in the separate 
statement of financial position at cost and adjusted thereafter to recognise the Company’s share of 
the profit or loss and other comprehensive income of the associate. 

When the Company’s share of losses of an associate exceeds the Company’s interest in that 
associate (which includes any long-term interests that, in substance, form part of the Company’s net 
investment  in  the  associate),  the  Company  discontinues  recognising  its  share  of  further  losses. 
Additional losses are recognised only to the extent that the Company has incurred legal or construc-
tive obligations or made payments on behalf of the associate. 

An investment in an associate is accounted for using the equity method from the date on 
which the investee becomes an associate. On acquisition of the investment in an associate, any ex-
cess of the cost of the investment over the Company’s share of the net fair value of the identifiable 
assets and liabilities of the investee is recognised as goodwill, which is included within the carrying 
amount of the investment. 

Any excess of the Company’s share of the net fair value of the identifiable assets and liabili-
ties over the cost of the investment, after reassessment, is recognised immediately in profit or loss in 
the period in which the investment is acquired.

The requirements of IAS 36 are applied to determine whether it is necessary to recognise 
any impairment loss with respect to the Company’s investment in an associate. When necessary, the 
entire carrying amount of the investment (including goodwill) is tested for impairment in accordance 
with IAS 36 as a single asset by comparing its recoverable amount (higher of value in use and fair 
value less costs of disposal) with its carrying amount. Any impairment loss recognised is not alloca-
ted to any asset, including goodwill that forms part of the carrying amount of the investment. Any 

reversal of that impairment loss is recognised in accordance with IAS 36 to the extent that the reco-
verable amount of the investment subsequently increases. 

The Company discontinues the use of the equity method from the date when the investment 

ceases to be an associate. 

(s) Subsequent events 

Events occurring after the reporting date 31 December 2022, which provide additional infor-
mation about conditions prevailing at the reporting date (adjusting events) are reflected in the sepa-
rate  financial  statements.  Events  occurring  after  the  reporting  date  that  provide  information  on 
events that occurred after the reporting date (non-adjusting events), when material, are disclosed in 
the  notes  to  the  separate  financial  statements.  When  the  going  concern  assumption  is  no  longer 
appropriate at or after the reporting period, the financial statements are not prepared on a going 
concern basis.

7 Adoption of new and revised standards and interpretations

Initial application of new amendments to the existing standards effective for the current 

reporting period    

The following amendments to the existing standards issued by the International Accounting 

Standards Board (IASB) and adopted by the EU are effective for the current reporting period:

 y Amendments to IAS 16 “Property, Plant and Equipment” - Proceeds before Intended Use 
adopted by the EU on 28 June 2021 (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 
January 2022), 

 y Amendments to IAS 37 “Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets” - Oner-
ous Contracts - Cost of Fulfilling a Contract adopted by the EU on 28 June 2021 (effective 
for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022),

 y Amendments  to  various  standards  due  to  “Improvements  to  IFRSs  (cycle  2018  -2020)” 
resulting from the annual improvement project of IFRS (IFRS 1, IFRS 9, IFRS 16 and IAS 41) 
primarily with a view to removing inconsistencies and clarifying wording - adopted by the 
EU on 28 June 2021 (The amendments to IFRS 1, IFRS 9 and IAS 41 are effective for annual 
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022. The amendment to IFRS 16 only regards an 
illustrative example, so no effective date is stated).

The adoption of amendments to the existing standards has not led to any material changes 

in the Company’s financial statements.

Standards and amendments to the existing standards issued by IASB and adopted by the 

EU but not yet effective    

At the date of authorization of these consolidated financial statements, the following amend-
ments to the existing standards were issued by IASB and adopted by the EU and which are not yet 
effective:

 y IFRS 17 “Insurance Contracts” including amendments to IFRS 17 issued by IASB on 25 June 
2020 - adopted by the EU on 19 November 2021 (effective for annual periods beginning 
on or after 1 January 2023),

 y Amendments to IFRS 17 “Insurance contracts” - Initial Application of IFRS 17 and IFRS 9 – 
Comparative Information, adopted by the EU on 8 September 2022 (effective for annual 
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023),

 y Amendments to IAS 1 “Presentation of Financial Statements” - Disclosure of Accounting 
Policies adopted by the EU on 2 March 2022 (effective for annual periods beginning on or 
after 1 January 2023),

 y Amendments to IAS 1 “Presentation of Financial Statements” - Disclosure of Accounting 
Policies adopted by the EU on 2 March 2022 (effective for annual periods beginning on or 
after 1 January 2023),

 y Amendments to IAS 8 “Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors” 
– Definition of Accounting Estimates adopted by the EU on 2 March 2022 (effective for 
annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023),

 y Amendments to IAS 12 “Income Taxes” - Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities aris-
ing from a Single Transaction adopted by the EU on 11 August 2022 (effective for annual 

.

.

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A

291

.

.

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2
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A
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N
N
A

290

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023).

9 Net finance income

Electrica SA has elected not to adopt the amendments to existing standards in advance of 
their effective dates. The Company anticipates that the adoption of these amendments to existing 
standards will have no material impact on the financial statements of the Company in the period of 
initial application.

New standards and amendments to the existing standards issued by IASB but not yet ad-

opted by the EU    

At present, IFRS as adopted by the EU do not significantly differ from regulations adopted 
by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) except for the following new standards and 
amendments to the existing standards, which were not endorsed for use in EU as at the date of pu-
blication of these consolidated financial statements (the effective dates stated below is for IFRS as 
issued by IASB): 

 y IFRS 14 “Regulatory Deferral Accounts” (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 
1 January 2016) – the European Commission has decided not to launch the endorsement 
process of this interim standard and to wait for the final standard,

 y Amendments to IAS 1 “Presentation of Financial Statements” - Classification of Liabilities 
as Current or Non-Current (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 
2023),

 y Amendments to IAS 1 “Presentation of Financial Statements” - Non-current Liabilities with 

Covenants (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2024),

 y Amendments to IFRS 16 “Leases” - Lease Liability in a Sale and Leaseback (effective for 

annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2024),

Electrica SA anticipates that the adoption of these new standards and amendments to the 
existing  standards  will  have  no  material  impact  on  the  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the 
Company in the period of initial application. 

Performance for the year

8 Other income and operating expenses

(a) Other income

2022

2021

Revenues from disposal of assets
Rental income
Revenues from penalties
Other
Total

(b) Other operating expenses

370,774 
 626,807           
2,183,897
1,998,143            
5,179,621     

2022

2021

Repair and maintenance expenses
Legal assistance and consulting 
fees
Insurance premiums 
Other taxes and duties
Consumables
Travel and transportation expenses
Postage and telecommunication
Donations and sponsorships
Losses from disposal of assets 
Other third party services
Other
Total

1,363,711 
1,279,169

713,938 
707,159
449,849
155,015
61,355
12,357
-
12,967,398
828,661
18,538,612

-
282,214
-
525,867
808,081

487,714
1,867,407

574,058
478,089
399,128
111,330
95,976
50,000
3,104,047
11,972,370
1,249,425
20,389,544

.

.

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2
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N
A

292

Dividends income
Interest income
Other finance income
Total finance income
Interest expense
Interest cost for employee benefits 
(Note 12)
Foreign exchange losses, net
Total finance costs
Net finance income

2022

2021

-
78,074,759
224,127
78,298,886
(12,238,993)
(181,714)

(20,094)
(12,440,801)
65,858,085

329,543,644 
47,504,909 
634,420 
377,682,973
 (179,011)
 (48,814)

 (34,718)
 (262,543)
377,420,430 

In 2021 the Company collected the entire amount of the total income of RON 329,543,644 

received as dividends from its subsidiaries.

10 Earnings per share

The calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share is based on the following profit attri-

butable to shareholders and weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding:

Profit attributable to shareholders

Profit for the year attributable to 
the shareholders of the Company
Profit attributable to the 
shareholders of the Company
Number of ordinary shares (in number of shares)

24,304,885

24,304,885

321,819,884

321,819,884

2022

2021

2022

2021

Number of ordinary shares at 31 
December
For the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share, the own shares repurchased by the 
Company (6,890,593 shares) were not treated as outstanding shares and are deducted from the 
total number of issued ordinary shares.

339,553,004

339,553,004

Basic and diluted earnings per 
share (RON)

11 Short-term employee benefits

2022

2021

0.07

0.95

.

Personnel payables
Current portion of defined benefit 
liability and other long-term 
employee benefits
Social security charges 
Tax on salaries 
Total 

31 December
 2022

31 December
 2021

4,974,791

127,203

607,823
130,314
5,840,131

 5,979,013 

 5,150,498 

 787,241 
 243,969 
            12,160,721 

Details related to employee benefit expenses are presented in Note 12.
 – In  Romania,  all  employers  and  employees,  as  well  as  other  persons,  are  contributors  to 
the  state  social  security  system.  The  social  security  system  covers  state  pensions,  child 
benefit, temporary incapacity for work situations, risks of work accidents and professional 
diseases and other social assistance services, redundancy payments and incentives gran-
ted to employers for creating new jobs.

.

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A

293

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employee benefits

12 Post-employment and other long-term employee benefits

The Company provides cash benefits to employees depending on seniority in the form of 
jubilee bonuses and depending on the years of service at retirement in the form of retirement bonu-
ses. The post-employment and other long-term employee benefits are stipulated in the Collective 
Labour Contract.

In 2022 and 2021, employee benefit obligations were computed by an independent actuary 
using  the  projected  unit  credit  method  with  benefits  calculated  proportionally  to  the  period  of 
service.

31 December
2022

31 December
2021

Defined benefit liability
Other long-term employee benefits
Total
- Current portion*
- Non-current portion
*included in Personnel payables in Note 11
(i) Movement in the defined benefit liability and other long-term employee benefits

506,110
716,743
1,222,853
127,202
1,095,651

 5,599,583 
601,214 
 6,200,797 
 5,150,498 
 1,050,299 

The  following  tables  shows  a  reconciliation  between  the  opening  balances  and  the  closing  balances  of  the 
defined benefit liability and other long-term employee benefits and their components. There are no plan assets.

Defined benefit liability

2022

2021

Balance at 1 January
Included in profit or loss
Current service cost 
Past service cost
Interest cost

Included in other comprehensive 
income
Re-measurements gain
   - Actuarial gain
Other
Benefits paid
Balance at 31 December 

Other long-term employee 
benefits

Balance at 1 January
Included in profit or loss
Current service cost
Actuarial gain 
Interest cost 
Other
Benefits paid
Balance at 31 December

5,599,583

73,919
-
153,412
227,331

691,940 

 107,066 
5,054,128   
 22,832 
5,184,026

(1,621,494)

               (269,825)

(3,699,310)
506,110

                   (6,558)
5,599,583

2022

2021

601,214

45,335
161,519
28,302

(119,627)
716,743

            809,724 

                    72,968 
               (268,743)
                    25,982 

              (38,717)
               601,214 

Defined benefits refer to the retirement bonuses granted according to the seniority within 

the Company and other long-term benefits refer to the jubilee bonuses granted for seniority.

(ii) Actuarial assumptions

The following are the main actuarial assumptions at the respective reporting date:

(a) Macroeconomic assumptions:

 y inflation.  The  actuary  used  information  from  the  National  Commission  for  Strategy  and 

Prognosis:

Year

2022
2023
2024
2025
2026+

Valuation date
31 December 2022
13.9%
7.5%
4.9%
3%
2.5%

Valuation date
31 December 2021
5.9%
3.2%
3.0%
2.8%
2.5%

 y the discount rate used is based on the yield of the Romanian Government bonds at the 
reporting  date,  therefore  the  weighted  average  discount  rate  is  8.1%  for  the  year  2022 
(2021: 5%);

 y taxes and social charges are those in force as at the reporting date.

(b) Company specific assumptions:

 y Starting with 2023 the gross salaries’ growth was forecasted at the inflation level;
 y employees’ turnover: based on historical data;
 y jubilee  and  retirement  bonuses  granted  based  on  seniority  as  per  the  collective  labour 

contracts, as follows:

Jubilee bonuses based on years of service in the Company

No. of gross monthly base salaries

Seniority

20 years
30 years
35 years
40 years
45 years

31 December
 2022
1
2
3
4
5

31 December 
2021
1
2
3
4
5

Retirement bonuses based on years of service in the Company

No. of gross monthly base salaries

Seniority

Between 8 and 10 years
Between 10 and 25 years
More than 25 years

Termination benefits 

31 December
 2022
2
3
4

31 December
 2021
2
3
4

.

a. Termination benefits for individual lay-offs at the Company’s initiative 

In accordance with the Collective Labour Contract concluded between the Company and the 
Union, when individual labour contract is terminated at the Company’s initiative, the Company will 
pay termination benefits to the employees depending on their period of service, as follows:

Seniority

1 - 2 years
2 - 5 years
5 - 10 years
10 - 20 years
More than 20 years

No. of gross monthly average base salary at 
Company level
2
3
4
5
8

Termination benefits for collective lay-offs at the Company’s initiative 

For collective lay-offs, per the Collective labour contract, the Company will pay termination 

benefits to the employees depending on their period of service, as follows:

.

I

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A
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C
E
L
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2
2
0
2

T
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P
E
R
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A
U
N
N
A

295

.

.

I

A
S
A
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2
2
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2

T
R
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R
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A
U
N
N
A

294

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                  
Seniority 

1 - 3 years
3 - 5 years
5 - 10 years
10 - 20 years
More than 20 years

No. of gross monthly average base salary at 
Company level
3
6
7
11
16

The above-mentioned stipulations do not apply to employees with individual labour contract 
concluded for a determined period. The above provisions do not apply to employees that obtained 
other  higher  cumulative  salary  compensation  rights,  provided  by  legal  regulations  regarding  the 
Company’s reorganization and restructuring. Employees who are re-employed within the Company 
after layoff are not entitled to the above-mentioned benefits.

Sensitivity analysis

Significant actuarial assumptions for the determination of the benefit obligation are the dis-
count  rate,  expected  salary  increase  and  retirement  age.  The  sensitivity  analysis  below  has  been 
determined based on reasonably possible changes of the respective assumptions occurring at the 
end of the reporting period, while holding all other assumptions constant.

Discount rate
Salary growth

Retirement age

Increase by 1%

Decrease by 1%

2022
(73,009)
86,944

2021
(79,994)
91,879

2022
73,009
(86,944)

2021
79,994
(91,879)

Increase by 1 year
2021
93,596

2022
6,828

Decrease by 1 year
2021
(93,596)

2022
(6,828)

The sensitivity analysis presented above may not be representative of the actual change in 
the benefit obligation as it is unlikely that the changes in assumptions would occur in isolation of one 
another as some of the assumptions may be correlated. In presenting the above sensitivity analysis, 
the present value of the benefit obligation has been calculated using the projected unit credit me-
thod at the end of the reporting period, which is the same as that applied in calculating the benefit 
obligation liability recognized in the statement of financial position.

13 Employee benefit expenses

Average number of employees
Number of employees at 31 
December

.

.

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Wages and salaries
Social security contributions
Meal tickets
Termination benefit for labour/
mandate contracts
Total

2022

2022

72

78

25,026,080
749,695
357,755

4,023,428

30,156,958 

2021

                      104 

2021

109

31,429,153
784,372
442,500

6,583,625

Lender

Balance at 31 December 
2022

Balance at 31 December 
2021

Vista Bank
Total
Less: current portion of the long-term bank 
borrowings
Less: accumulated interest
Total long-term borrowings, net of current portion

100,000,000
100,000,000

-

-
100,000,000

-
-

-

-
-

On 30 December 2022, the Company concluded a contract for a line of credit for working ca-
pital and for the issuance of Bank Guarantee Letters granted by Vista Bank for a period of 18 months. 
The main provisions are: Maximum credit amount: 100,000 thousand RON; Interest rate: ROBOR 3M 
+2.95  %  p.a.;  full  refund  at  maturity.  On  31  December  2022,  the  balance  of  the  loan  is  100,000,000 
RON.

As at 31 December 2022, the overdraft amount was drawn from ING Bank N.V. overdraft facility 
to  be  used  in  the  cash  pooling  system.  The  outstanding  balance  of  the  overdraft  facility  as  at  31 
December 2022 is of RON 207,830,772 (31 December 2021: 120,541,354) (for further details please see 
Note 23).

Income tax

15 Income tax

In determining the amount of current and deferred tax, the Company takes into account the 
impact of uncertain tax positions and whether additional taxes and interest may be due. This assess-
ment relies on estimates and assumptions and may involve a series of judgments about future events. 
The  Company  considers  that  the  accounting  records  for  taxes  due  are  adequate  for  all  open  fiscal 
years, based on assessment made by management taking into account various factors, including the 
interpretation of tax legislation and previous experience. New information may become available that 
causes the Company to change its judgment regarding the adequacy of existing tax liabilities; such 
changes to tax liabilities will impact the income tax expense in the period when such a determination 
is made.

(i) Amounts recognised in profit or loss

Deferred tax benefit
Total benefit related to income tax

2022

259,439
259,439

2021

 (43,172)
                   (43,172)

(ii) Amounts recognised in other comprehensive income

Before tax

2022
Tax benefit

Net of tax

Before tax

2021
Tax benefit

Net of tax

Re-
measurement 
of defined 
benefit 
liability 
Total

1,621,494

(259,439)

1,362,055 

269,825 

(43,172)

226,653 

1,621,494

(259,439)

1,362,055

269,825 

(43,172) 

226,653 

(iii) Reconciliation of effective tax rate

.

.

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A
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L
E

          39,239,650 

2022

2021

The number or employees at 31 December 2022 includes also the 5 employees with mandate 
agreements.  Termination  benefits  represent  compensation  payments  for  management  in  case  of 
mandate  contracts  termination.  Management  remuneration  is  presented  within  Note  29  –  Related 
parties.

Long-term bank loans

14 Bank borrowings and overdrafts

As at 31 December 2022, respectively 31 December 2021, the long-term bank borrowings are 

presented as follows:

Profit before tax 

Tax using 
Company’s 
domestic tax rate 
Non-deductible 
expenses
Non-taxable income
Deductible legal 
reserve

24,045,446                   

3,847,271

2,079,113

(1,700,300)

(207,048)

16%

9%

-7%

-1%

321,776,712

51,484,274 

9,640,583

(54,761,824)

(2,574,214)

16%

3%

-17%

-1%

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

296

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

297

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Recognition of tax 
effect of previously 
unrecognised tax 
losses
Other tax effects
Total benefit related 
to income tax

2022

-18%

(4,386,877) 

0%

-1%

108,402

(259,439)

2021

-1%

0%

0%

(3,831,991)

-

           (43,172) 

For 2021 non-taxable income represents dividend income in amount of RON 329,543,644.

Movement in deferred tax balances 

Net balance 
at 1 January 
2022

Recognised in 
profit or loss

Recognised 
in other com-
prehensive 
income

Balance at 31 December 2022

Net

Deferred tax 
assets

Deferred tax 
liabilities

3,739,542

(93,354)

-

3,646,188

-

3,646,188

(2,275,574)

929,265

259,439

(1,086,870)

(1,086,870)

(1,463,968)

(1,095,350)

-

(2,559,318)

(2,559,318)

-

-

-

(259,439)

259,439

-

(3,646,188)

3,646,188

Net balance 
at 1 January 
2021

Recognised in 
profit or loss

Recognised 
in other com-
prehensive 
income

Balance at 31 December 2021

Net

Deferred tax 
assets

Deferred tax 
liabilities

3,681,453 

58,089

-

3,739,542

-

3,739,542

(1,829,942)

(488,804)                       

43,172

(2,275,574)

(2,275,574)

(1,851,511)

387,543

-

(1,463,968)

(1,463,968)

-

-

-

(43,172)

43,172 

-

(3,739,542)

3,739,542

2022
Property, 
plant and 
equipment
Employee 
benefits
Tax loss 
carried 
forward
Tax (assets)/ 
liabilities

2021
Property, 
plant and 
equipment
Employee 
benefits
Tax loss 
carried 
forward
Tax (assets)/ 
liabilities

Unrecognised deferred tax assets

The Company has not recognized deferred tax assets in respect of the entire cumulated tax 
losses as it is not probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the Company 
can use the benefits therefrom.

Tax losses

Assets

16 Trade receivables

2022

2021

337,136,289

356,623,017

31 December
2022

31 December
2021

Trade receivables, gross
Loss allowance 
Total trade receivables, net
Receivables from related parties are presented in Note 29.

161,471,282
(160,675,756)
795,526

582,938,825
(582,012,952)
925,873

Trade receivables, gross, comprise:

Electricity receivables from 
clients in litigation, insolvency 
or bankruptcy (mainly Oltchim, 
Transenergo)
Late payment penalties from 
clients in litigation, insolvency or 
bankruptcy (Oltchim)
Other
Total trade receivables, gross

31 December
 2022

31 December
 2021

134,521,414

                 493,474,169 

26,506,303

443,565
161,471,282

88,968,313

                       496,343 
               582,938,825 

The reconciliation between the opening balances and the closing balances of the impairment 

for trade receivables is as follows:

Loss allowance

Balance as at 1 January
Loss allowance recognized 
Loss allowance used
Decrease in loss allowance
Balance as at 31 December

2022
               582,012,952 
-
(421,235,816)
(101,380)
160,675,756

2021

 582,083,147 
 2,220
-
 (72,415)
582,012,952 

The ageing of trade receivables is presented in Note 28.

Oltchim  (a  state-controlled  company)  was  an  important  customer  of  Electrica  S.A.  until 
January  2012,  when  the  Company  transferred  the  contract  to  Electrica  Furnizare  S.A.  In  January 
2013,  Oltchim  entered  into  insolvency  procedures  and  subsequently  in  May  2019  started  the  ban-
kruptcy procedures. Due to the uncertainties regarding the recoverability of the amounts owed by 
this customer, the Company recognized in prior years a bad debt allowance for the entire amount 
receivable. During 2020, the Company adjusted the uncollected VAT in amount of RON 95,186,215 
related to the doubtful receivables from Oltchim, based on the sentence of starting the bankruptcy 
procedures and the provisions of art. 287 of the Fiscal Code. 

As of 2021, the balance of receivables with Oltchim was RON 518,938,151, bad debt allowance 

was also at the same amount.

By decision of the European Court in Luxembourg pronounced on 15 December 2021 (final 
decision  being  applicable  as  of  21  March  2022),  in  case  T565/19,  it  was  partially  cancelled  the 
European Commission Decision no. C (2018) 8592 from 2018, which established a series of measures 
regarding  the  recovery  by  Romania  of  the  State  aid  granted  to  Oltchim  S.A.  By  its  decision,  the 
European court cancelled a series of the measures, including the amounts considered state aid with 
which Electrica was registered in the table of receivables. Following the decision, the company re-
mained registered in the table of receivables with the amount of RON 116,058,538.

Following the evolution of the bankruptcy process, on 06 April 2022, the updated table of 
receivables was published in BPI Tabel Oltchim, which still recognizes only the guaranteed receiva-
bles, which in the case of the company the estimated amount that remains to be recovered from the 
sales of assets of Oltchim SA in the completion of the bankruptcy process is RON 116,058,538 (inclu-
ding VAT), comprised of the base in the amount of RON 98,725,847 and respectively the VAT in the 
amount of RON 17,332,691. 

Considering the events above, as of 31 December 2022 a part of the receivable for Oltchim 
in amount of RON 420,212,304 was written off as it was not recognised in the final bankruptcy table. 
The bad debt allowance was also adjusted with the same amount. As of 31 December 2022, the ba-
lance of receivables with Oltchim is RON 98,725,847 bad debt allowance being at the same amount.

Also,  in  2022,  receivables  for  TERMOFICARE  2000  SA  in  amount  of  RON  1,100,903  were 
written off as a result of closing the insolvency procedure of the debtor and removing it from the 
Trade Register. The bad debt allowance was also adjusted with the same amount.

Loss allowances are determined according to IFRS 9 “Financial instruments” based on “ex-
pected credit loss” model. A significant part of the loss allowances refers to clients in litigation, insol-
vency or bankruptcy procedures, many of them being older than five years. The Company will dere-
cognize  these  receivables  together  with  the  related  allowances  after  the  finalization  of  the 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

299

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

298

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest  receivable  represents  mainly  interest  to  be  received  from  related  parties  for  the 

Disposals

 (302,732)

bankruptcy process. These receivables were treated separately in computing the allowance accor-
ding to IFRS 9.

17 Other receivables

Cash-pooling receivables
Interest receivable
Other receivables
Bad debt allowance
Total other receivables, net

31 December
2022

31 December
2021

477,646,009
22,365,439
10,740,216
(9,258,597)
501,493,067

567,621,644
18,319,302
9,870,962
(11,046,264)
584,765,644

Cash-pooling receivables comprises the receivable of Electrica SA as at 31 December 2022 

as cash pool leader in the two cash-pooling systems set up at Group level (Note 23 and Note 29).

loans granted (Note 29).

The reconciliation between the opening balances and the closing balances of the impairment 

for other receivables is as follows:

Loss allowance

2022

2021

Balance as at 1 January
Loss allowance recognized 
Loss allowance used
Decrease in loss allowance
Balance as at 31 December

               11,046,264 
-
-
(1,787,667)
9,258,597               

11,046,264
-
-
                    - 
11,046,264

In 2022, the allowance related to Electrica Serv S.A. in amount of RON 1,787,667, represen-
ting a legal interest, was reversed as a result of favorable court decision. The related receivables, in 
amount of RON 2,183,897 was cashed. 

18 Cash and cash equivalents

Bank current accounts
Call deposits
Total cash and cash equivalents in 
the separate statement of financial 
position 
Overdrafts used for cash 
management purposes
Total cash and cash equivalents 
in the separate statement of cash 
flow 

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

3,614,591
102,017,348

105,631,939

 3,042,170 
 2,715,802 

5,757,972 

-

(120,541,354)

105,631,939

 (114,783,382)

As at 31 December 2022, call deposits amount consists mainly of Vista Bank overnight depo-
sit in amount of RON 99,650,000, related to long term loan whithdrawn for the issuance of Bank 
Guarantee Letters (please see note 14).

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into short-term credit facility with the 
aim  of  financing  operational  needs.  Until  31  December  2021,  credit  facility  amounting  to  RON 
120,541,354 was presented as part of cash and cash equivalents. Following the volatility in electricity 
prices started in 2021 and continued in 2022, this credit facility have no longer fluctuated from nega-
tive to 0 balance, remained negative for the entire year 2022, thus the management of the Company 
presented this overdraft for the year ended 31 December 2022 in financing activity, and reclassified 
the opening balance previously presented as cash and cash equivalents. (for further details please 
see transfer presented in Cash Flow statement).

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

300

19 Property, plant and equipment

The reconciliation between the initial balance and the final balance of property, plant and 

equipment in 2022 and 2021: was as follows:

Land and land 
improvement

Buildings

Equipment

Vehicles, 
furniture 
and office 
equipment

Construction in 
progress

 Total 

69,682,986 

27,006,291 

26,434,743 

1,174,998 

2,134,443 

126,433,461 

-

-

-

205,413 

50,460 

4,282,864 

4,538,737 

 (1,913,945)

-

 (7,407,038)

 (6,244)

-

-

 (1,913,945)

 (7,716,014)

Balance at 31 
December 2021 
Additions

Transfer from 
construction in 
progress

69,380,254 

27,006,291

  17,319,173 

  1,219,214

    6,417,307 

 121,342,239

-

-

-

-

437,586

602,928

1,117,263

2,157,777

-

8,709

-

8,709

Disposals

(2,251,504)

(4,840)

(1,361,004)

-

(8,709)

(3,626,057)

67,128,750

27,001,451

16,395,755

1,830,851

7,525,861

119,882,668

1,905,508

25,151,924

298,291

2,134,443

29,490,166

371,863 

595,392 

147,051 

-

-

-

 (4,366,733)

 (6,133)

(3,804,893)

(1,141,954)

-

-

-

-

-

-

1,114,306 

    (4,372,866)

(3,804,893)

(1,141,954)

 2,277,371 

 16,433,736

   439,209 

2,134,443

  21,284,759

.

371,864

461,729

172,846

-

(1,343,194)

(4,840)

-

-

-

-

-

-

1,006,439

(1,343,194)

(4,840)

2,644,395

15,552,271

612,055

2,134,443

20,943,164

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
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E
R
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A
U
N
N
A

301

At 1 January 2021

69,682,986

25,100,783

69,380,254

24,728,920

1,282,819

885,437

876,707

780,005

-

96,943,295

4,282,864

100,057,480

67,128,750

24,357,056

843,484

1,218,796

5,391,418

98,939,504

As at 31 December 2022, the buildings and land include the administrative headquarter of 
the Company and the corresponding land, the plots of land over which the Company has obtained 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Gross carrying 
amount

Balance at 1 
January 2021
Additions

Reclassification 
to assets held to 
sale

Balance at 31 
December 2022

Accumulated 
depreciation 
and impairment 
losses

Balance at 
1 January 2021
Depreciation

Accumulated 
depreciation of 
disposals

Reversal of 
impairment of 
property, plant 
and equipment, 
net

Reclassification 
to assets held for 
sale

Balance at 
31 December 
2021
Depreciation

Accumulated 
depreciation of 
disposals

Impairment of 
property, plant 
and equipment

Balance at 
31 December 
2022

Net carrying 
amounts

At 31 December 
2021

At 31 December 
2022

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
title  deeds  and  the  land  and  buildings  acquired  in  2020  from  the  subsidiary  Servicii  Energetice 
Muntenia S.A.. 

Measurement of fair value

The Company’s land and buildings are stated at their revalued amounts, being the fair value 
at the date of revaluation, less any subsequent accumulated depreciation and subsequent accumu-
lated impairment losses. The fair value measurements of the Company’s land and buildings as at 31 
December  2020  were  performed  by  Darian  DRS  S.A.  an  independent  valuer  not  related  to  the 
Company. Darian DRS S.A. is member of the National Association of Authorised Romanian Valuers 
and has appropriate qualifications and recent experience in the fair value measurement of properties 
in the relevant locations. The valuation conforms to International Valuation Standards and was based 
on recent market transactions on arm’s length terms for similar properties, whenever possible and 
discounted cash-flows method.

The company’s management does not consider that a new revaluation is necessary as at 31 
December 2022, considering that there is no significant volatility of the main categories of fixed as-
sets owned (land and buildings) between the fair value and the existing accounting value, the last 
revaluation being performed as at 31 December 2020.

The following table shows the valuation techniques used in measuring fair values (Level 3), 

as well as the significant unobservable inputs used. 

Significant 
unobservable inputs

Inter-relationship between key 
unobservable inputs and fair 
value measurement

• Adjustment for 

liquidity, location, 
size.

The estimated fair value would 
increase/(decrease) if:
• Adjustment for liquidity, 
location or size would be 
lower/(higher).

• Adjustment for 

liquidity, location, 
size.

• Adjustment for liquidity, 
location or size would be 
lower/(higher).

• Occupancy rates 

• Occupancy rates were higher/

(lower) 

• Yield rates were lower/

(higher)

• Annual rent per sqm was 

higher/(lower)

(90%)

• Yield rates 

(between 9% and 
10%)

• Annual rent per 
sqm (between 2 
and 10 EUR/sqm), 
depending on 
location;

Category

Valuation technique

Land 

Market approach
The fair value is estimated based on 
selling price per square meter of land 
of similar characteristics (i.e. ownership, 
legal limitations, financing and selling 
conditions, location, physical and 
economical properties, and best use). The 
market price is mainly based on recent 
transactions.

Buildings Market approach and discounted cash-

flows (DCF) method 
Buildings were evaluated using the 
following methods, depending on 
the best use and the availability 
and credibility of available market 
information:
Market approach
The market approach is based on 
the selling price per square meter for 
buildings with similar characteristics (i.e. 
ownership, legal limitations, financing and 
selling conditions, location, physical and 
economical properties, and best use)., 
adjusted liquidity, location, size etc. 
The DCF method
The valuation model based on the DCF 
method estimates the present value 
of net cash flows to be generated by a 
building taking into account occupancy 
rate and annual rent. The discount rate 
estimation considers, inter alia, the 
quality of a building and its location.

20 Intangible assets

Intangible assets include mainly licenses and costs of implementation of the accounting sys-

tem SAP and licenses for various software, as follows: 

Software and licenses

 Total 

Gross carrying amount
Balance at 1 January 2021
Disposals
Balance at 31 December 2021
Additions
Disposals
Balance at 31 December 2022

Accumulated depreciation and 
impairment losses
Balance at 1 January 2021
Amortisation
Accumulated amortization of 
disposals
Balance at 31 December 2021 
Amortisation
Accumulated amortization of 
disposals
Balance at 31 December 2022

Net carrying amounts
At 1 January 2021
At 31 December 2021
At 31 December 2022

3,822,679
         (1,023,055)
2,799,624
166,015
(1,004,634)
1,961,005

        3,549,799 
 219,204 
 (1,023,055)

 2,745,948 
93,502
(1,004,634)

1,834,816

272,880
53,676
126,189

3,822,679
         (1,023,055)
2,799,624
166,015
(1,004,634)
1,961,005

3,549,799    
 219,204 
 (1,023,055)

2,745,948
93,502
(1,004,634)

1,834,816

272,880
53,676
126,189

21 Investments in subsidiaries 

The investments in subsidiaries are presented as follows:

31 December 
2022

31 December 
2021

Gross value

Impairment

Net

Gross value

Impairment

Net

1,741,959,406 

227,181,073

-

-

1,741,959,406

1,741,663,327 

227,181,073

226,001,553 

-

-

1,741,663,327

226,001,553

481,803,770

(164,368,925)

317,434,846

481,803,770  (164,368,925)

317,434,845

82,033,220 

(82,033,220)

106,162,492 

(106,162,492) 

43,761,094 

(43,761,094) 

23,822,124 

(23,822,124) 

-

-

-

-

82,033,220 

(82,033,220)

106,162,492 

(106,162,492) 

43,761,094 

(43,761,094) 

23,822,124 

(23,822,124) 

-

-

-

-

124,990

4,393,567

5,588,029

-

-

-

124,990

124,990

4,393,567

5,588,029

-

-

-

-

-

124,990

-

-

Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania 
S.A.

Electrica Furnizare 
S.A.

Electrica Serv S.A.

Servicii Energetice 
Oltenia S.A.
(in bankruptcy)

Servicii Energetice 
Moldova S.A. 
(in bankruptcy)

Servicii Energetice 
Banat S.A. 
(in bankruptcy )

Servicii Energetice 
Dobrogea S.A. 
(in bankruptcy)

Electrica Energie 
Productie S.A.

Sunwind Energy 
S.R.L.

New Trend Energy 
S.R.L.

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

303

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

302

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31 December 
2022

31 December 
2021

Gross value

Impairment

Net

Gross value

Impairment

Net

Green Energy 
Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L.
Total

1,446,450

-

1,446,450

-

-

-

2,718,276,215

(420,147,855)

2,298,128,361 2,705,372,570 (420,147,855) 2,285,224,715

Changes in Company’s subsidiaries structure in 2022

On 21 March 2022, Societatea Electrica SA acquired an additional 30% of the shares and vo-
ting  interests  in  Sunwind  Energy  S.R.L..  As  a  result,  the  Company’s  equity  interest  increased  from 
30% to 60%, granting control of Sunwind Energy S.R.L.. 

On 27 May 2022, Electrica SA acquired an additional 30% of the shares and voting interests 
in New Trend Energy S.R.L.. As a result, the Company’s equity interest increased from 30% to 60%, 
granting control of New Trend Energy S.R.L..

On 6 September 2022, Electrica SA acquired 75% of Green Energy Consultancy & Investments 

S.R.L.  shares granting control of the entity. 

Changes in Company’s subsidiaries structure in 2021

The  main  economic  and  financial  indicators  achieved  by  the  Company’s  subsidiaries  on 

31.12.2021   

The main economic and financial indicators achieved by the Company’s subsidiaries as at 31 
December 2021 (the last financial year for which the statutory financial statements were approved) 
are as follows:

Indicators

Share capital
Total equity
Non-current 
assets
Current assets
Current liabilities
Provisions
Deferred 
revenue
Non-current 
liabilities

Distributie 
Energie Electrica 
Romania S.A.

Electrica Serv 
S.A.

Electrica 
Furnizare S.A.

Electrica 
Energie 
Productie S.A.

1,405,204,790
4,680,176,853
9,094,564,601 

52,495,780
373,934,733
314,726,485

63,091,960
(332,775,768)
109,505,690

767,311,582 
1,570,371,538 
161,499,798 
2,070,631,645 

117,731,151
27,833,427
12,374,950
18,620,597

1,299,671,935
1,672,361,560
47,086,434
2,990,270

1,395,082,144 

-

32,731,035

125,000
123,514
2,080

121,739
305
-
-

-

Establishment of a new Subsidiary

22 Investments in associates

On 6 September 2021, is set up a new legal entity, Electrica Productie Energie S.A., organized 
as a joint stock company, in which Electrica SA holds a percentage of 99.9920% of the share capital 
and Electrica Serv S.A. holds a percentage of 0.0080% of the share capital. The object of activity is 
the production of electricity from renewable sources through the acquisition and development of 
projects, respectively the operation of electricity generation parks from renewable sources, cumula-
ted with the development and operation of independent storage solutions that it intends to develop 
in the near future. 

Movements in investments

During 2022 Electrica SA has increased its investments in subsidiaries, by in kind contributi-
on to its share capital as follows: Electrica Furnizare S.A. by one plot of land in surface of 1,408 sqm 
for which it held property deeds with the amount of RON 1,179,520 and Distributie Energie Electrica 
Romania S.A. by one plot of land in surface of 352 sqm for which it held property deeds with the 
amount of RON 293,099. The value of the assets contributed to the share capital of the subsidiaries 
was established according to evaluation reports drawn up by the appointed valuation experts.

During 2021, Electrica SA has increased its investments in Electrica Furnizare S.A. subsidiary, 
by in kind contribution to its share capital with one plot of land in surface of 335.20 sqm for which it 
held  property  deeds  with  the  amount  of  RON  218,100.  The  value  of  the  assets  contributed  to  the 
share  capital  of  the  subsidiary  was  established  according  to  evaluation  reports  drawn  up  by  the 
appointed valuation experts.

On 6 September 2021, is set up a new legal entity, Electrica Productie Energie S.A., organized 
as a joint stock company, in which Electrica SA, holds a number of 12,499 shares in amount of 124,990 
RON representing 99.9920% of the share capital of Electrica Productie Energie S.A..

As regard to Electrica Serv S.A., the Company has recognized an impairment in prior years, 
based on a valuation report prepared by an independent valuator and having as purpose the assess-
ment of the recoverable value of the investment in Electrica Serv S.A.. As of 31 December 2022, the 
management has reassessed the recoverability of the net book value of the investment in Electrica 
Serv S.A. and the consistency of the impairment as compared to 31 December 2021, by taking into 
account the value of the net assets and the assets owned and concluded that there is no indication 
that the investment may be additionally impaired or that the impairment should be reversed. 

Due to the current situation of Electrica Furnizare SA, management has assessed the reco-
verability of the net book value of the investment, by taking into account the cash flow projection 
and the measures taken to mitigate the risks of liquidity and concluded that there is no indication 
that  the  investment  may  be  impaired.  On  31  December  2022,  the  financial  performance  has  been 
highly improved, therefore there is no indication that the value of investment should be  impaired.

On 28 July 2021 and on 7 December 2021, Electrica SA concluded four agreements for the 
sale-purchase of shares in four project companies having as main object of activity the production 
of electricity from renewable sources. The sale-purchase agreements concluded, mention the fact 
that in the first stage Electrica SA acquires 30% of the share capital of the four companies, remaining 
that in the following stages, to acquire the remaining 70% of the share capital after the conditions 
provided in the sale-purchase agreements will be fulfilled. By the end of 31 December 2022, two of 
the project companies were acquired by 60% (please see note 21), therefore they are accounted as 
subsidiaries, the other ones are as follows: 

 – Crucea Power Park SRL, develops the wind project “Crucea Est”, with a projected installed 
capacity of 121 MW and a projected electricity storage capacity of 60 MWh (15 MW x 4h), 
located outside the Crucea area, Constanta County. The estimated purchase price for the 
“Crucea Est” wind project is 70 thousand EUR/MW for the aforementioned capacity, to-
talling the amount of 8,470 thousand EUR. On 28 July 2021, Electrica SA paid the amount 
of  EUR  2,541  thousand  representing  30%  of  the  project  value,  respectively  30%  of  the 
shares of Crucea Power Park SRL;

 – Foton  Power  Energy  SRL,  develops  the  photovoltaic  project  “Bihor  1”,  with  a  projected 
capacity of 77.5 MW, located near Inand city, Bihor County. The estimated purchase price 
for the photovoltaic project “Bihor 1” is 55 thousand EUR/MW for the aforementioned ca-
pacity, totalling the amount of 4,262.5 thousand EUR. On 7 December 2021, Electrica SA 
paid the amount of EUR 1,279 thousand representing 30% of the project value, respective-
ly 30% of the shares of Foton Power Energy SRL.

Considering the holding percentage of 30%, as at 31 December 2022, the two entities are 
accounted  for  using  the  equity  method  in  these  separate  financial  statements  as  provided  in  the 
Company’s accounting policies in note 6. The cost of the investments at acquisition date, totalling 
the amount of RON 18,832,565 is detailed as follows:

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

Acquisition date
Percentage 
ownership and 
voting rights at 
acquisition date
Net assets at acquisition date
Company’s share of net assets 
Goodwill
Cost of investment at acquisition 
date

 Crucea Power 
Park S.R.L.

31.07.2021

30%

(241,682)
 (72,505)
12,572,700

12,500,195 

Foton Power 
Energy S.R.L.

31.12.2021

30%

(7,016)
(2,105)
6,334,475 

6,332,370

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

305

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

304

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
             
Summarised financial information in respect of each of the Company’s associates is set out 

2021: 200,000,000);

below:

Non-current assets
Current assets
Non-current liabilities
Current liabilities
Net assets

Reconciliation to carrying amounts:
Opening net assets at acquisition 
date
Loss for the period
Closing net assets 31.12.2022

Closing net assets of associates 
31.12.2022
Share in associates %
Company’s share of net assets as 
at 31.12.2022
Goodwill
Carrying amount of interest in 
associate 31.12.2022

Crucea Power Park S.R.L.

Foton Power Energy S.R.L.

31.12.2022

31.12.2022

8,519,924
1,141,674
(9,885,796)
(43,649)
(267,847)

(245,780)
(22,067)
(267,847)

243,941
35,454
(296,391)
(1,004)
(18,000)

(7,016)
(10,984)
(18,000)

Crucea Power Park S.R.L.

Foton Power Energy S.R.L.

(267,847)
30%

(80,354)
12,572,700

12,492,346

(18,000)
30%

(5,400)
6,334,475

6,329,075

The share loss in amount of RON 13,044 for the period was recognized in the separate state-

ment of profit and loss for the year ended as at 31 December 2022. 

23 Loans granted to subsidiaries

i. Loans granted to subsidiaries – long term   

Distributie Energie Electrica 
Romania S.A. 
Total loans granted to subsidiaries 
– long term

Loans granted to subsidiaries

31 December 
2022

31 December 
2021

1,276,325,000

1,276,325,000

1,276,325,000

1,276,325,000

The Company has entered into loan agreements as lender, as follows:
 y Loans granted in 2017:
 – Intragroup  loan  agreement  with  Societatea  de  Distributie  a  Energiei  Electrice  Muntenia 
Nord S.A. (currently Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A.) concluded in November 
2017. Main provisions are: maximum loan amount: RON 150,000,000; Purpose of the loan: 
to finance the investment program of 2017; Interest rate: 2.79% per annum; Maturity: 84 
months; Period allowed for disbursements: 12 months; Repayment in full at maturity; Re-
imbursement allowed in advance, but not earlier than the 12 months of the period of use. 
As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is of RON 150,000,000 (31 December 
2021: RON 150,000,000);

 – Intragroup loan agreement with Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania 
Nord S.A. (currently Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A.) concluded in November 
2017. Main provisions are: maximum loan amount: RON 200,000,000; Purpose of the loan: 
to finance the investment program of 2017; Interest rate: 2.79% per annum; Maturity: 84 
months; Period allowed for disbursements: 12 months; Repayment in full at maturity; Re-
imbursement allowed in advance, but not earlier than the 12 months of the period of use. 
As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is of RON 200,000,000 (31 December 

 – Intragroup loan agreement with Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania 
Sud S.A. (currently Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A.)  concluded in November 
2017. Main provisions are: maximum loan amount: RON 160,000,000; Purpose of the loan: 
to finance the investment program of 2017; Interest rate: 2.79% per annum; Maturity: 84 
months; Period allowed for disbursements: 12 months; Repayment in full at maturity; Re-
imbursement allowed in advance, but not earlier than the 12 months of the period of use. 
As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is of RON 160,000,000 (31 December 
2021: RON 160,000,000).

 y Loans granted in 2018:
 – Intragroup  loan  agreement  with  Societatea  de  Distributie  a  Energiei  Electrice  Muntenia 
Nord S.A. (currently Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A.) concluded in April 2018. 
Main provisions are: maximum loan amount: RON 230,000,000; Purpose of the loan: to 
finance the investment program of 2018; Interest rate: 4.7% per annum; Maturity: 84 mon-
ths; Period allowed for disbursements: 12 months; Repayment in full at maturity; Reimbur-
sement allowed in advance, but not earlier than the 12 months of the period of use. As at 
31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is of RON 230,000,000 (31 December 2021: 
RON 230,000,000);

 – Intragroup loan agreement with Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania 
Nord S.A. (currently Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A.) concluded in April 2018. 
Main  provisions  are:  maximum  loan  amount:  RON  160,000,000;  Purpose  of  the  loan:  to 
finance the investment program of 2018; Interest rate: 4.7% per annum; Maturity: 84 mon-
ths; Period allowed for disbursements: 12 months; Repayment in full at maturity; Reimbur-
sement allowed in advance, but not earlier than the 12 months of the period of use. As at 
31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is of RON 160,000,000 (31 December 2021: 
RON 160,000,000);

 – Intragroup loan agreement with Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania 
Sud  S.A.  (currently  Distributie  Energie  Electrica  Romania  S.A.)  concluded  in  April  2018. 
Main  provisions  are:  maximum  loan  amount:  RON  130,000,000,  Purpose  of  the  loan:  to 
finance the investment program of 2018, Interest rate: 4.7% per annum, Maturity: 84 mon-
ths, Period allowed for disbursements: 12 months, Repayment in full at maturity; Reimbur-
sement allowed in advance, but not earlier than the 12 months of the period of use. As at 
31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is of RON 130,000,000 (31 December 2021: 
RON 130,000,000).
 y Loans granted in 2021:
 – Intragroup loan agreement with Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A. concluded in 
October  2021.  Main  provisions  are:  maximum  loan  amount:  RON  246,325,000,  The  pur-
pose of granting this loan is the partial repayment of loans contracted from BRD in 2016 
to finance the investment plan for the year 2016 which reached the maturity in October 
2021, Interest rate: 3.51% per annum, Maturity: 96 months until 12.10.2029, Period allowed 
for disbursements: 12 months, Repayment in full at maturity; Reimbursement allowed in 
advance, but not earlier than the 12 months of the period of use. As at 31 December 2022, 
the outstanding balance is RON 246,325,000.

ii. Loans granted to subsidiaries – short term   

ELectrica Furnizare S.A.
Electrica Energie Productie S.A.
Sunwind Energy S.R.L.
New Trend Energy S.R.L.
Green Energy Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L.
Total loans granted to subsidiaries 
– short term 

Loans granted to subsidiaries

31 December 
2022

31 December 
2021

-
41,594,188
600,000
2,400,000

440,335

45,034,523

30,000,000
-
-
-

-

30,000,000

 y Short-term loans granted in 2021:

On  23.12.2021  was  concluded  an  intragroup  loan  agreement  with  Electrica  Furnizare  S.A.. 
Main provisions are: maximum loan amount: RON 130,000,000, The purpose of granting this loan 
represents the financing of the short term working capital needs, Interest rate: ROBOR 1M + 0.23 % 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

306

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

307

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
per annum, Maturity: 30 days until 23.01.2022 with possibility of extension. As at 31 December 2022, 
the outstanding balance is nil (2021: RON 30,000,000).

 y Short-term loans granted in 2022:
 – Intragroup loan agreement with Electrica Energie Productie S.A. concluded in July 2022. 
Main provisions are: maximum loan amount: RON 47,149,714 (EUR 9,541,000), The purpose 
of granting this loan is financing the costs for the purchase by Electrica Energie Productie 
S.A of 100% of the shares owned by Societatea Electrica Furnizare S.A. in Electrica Energie 
Verde 1 SRL, as well as the takeover of the related shareholder loans, Interest rate: ROBOR 
3M + 1.16 % per annum, Maturity: 12 months until 14.07.2023, Repayment in full at maturity. 
As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is RON 41,594,188.

 – Intragroup  loan  agreement  with  Sunwind  Energy  S.R.L.  concluded  in  September  2022. 
Main provisions are: maximum loan amount: RON 1,200,000, The purpose of granting this 
loan is financing the costs that are the responsibility of ELSA according to the Sale and 
Purchase  Agreement,  Interest  rate:  ROBOR  3M  +  1.16  %  per  annum,  Maturity:  12  months 
until 25.09.2023, Repayment in full at maturity. As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding 
balance is RON 600,0000.

 – Intragroup  loan  agreement  with  Sunwind  Energy  S.R.L.  concluded  in  November  2022. 
Main provisions are: maximum loan amount: RON 147,300,000, The purpose of granting 
this loan is financing the investment works necessary for the completion and operation of 
the “Satu Mare 2” (Botiz) photovoltaic power plant, Interest rate: ROBOR 3M + 1.16 % per 
annum, Maturity: 12 months until 27.10.2023, Repayment in full at maturity. As at 31 Decem-
ber 2022, the outstanding balance is nil.

 – Intragroup loan agreement with New Trend Energy S.R.L. concluded in June 2022. Main 
provisions are: maximum loan amount: RON 2,400,000, The purpose of granting this loan 
is financing for the payment of the land set-aside fee and the related bank commissions 
and the partial financing of the costs for issuing a Bank Letter of Guarantee having as be-
neficiary the company Distributie Energie Electrica Romania SA, Interest rate: ROBOR 3M 
+ 1.16 % per annum, Maturity: 12 months until 13.06.2023, Repayment in full at maturity. As 
at 31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is RON 2,400,0000.

 – Intragroup loan agreement with Green Energy Consultancy & Investments S.R.L. conclu-
ded in October 2022. Main provisions are: maximum loan amount: RON 66,550,000, The 
purpose  of  granting  this  loan  is  financing  the  costs  that  are  the  responsibility  of  ELSA 
according to the Sale and Purchase Agreement and financing the investment works ne-
cessary for the completion and operation of the Vulturu photovoltaic power plant, Interest 
rate: ROBOR 3M + 1.16 % per annum, Maturity: 12 months until 26.10.2023, Repayment in 
full at maturity. As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is RON 440,335.

iii. Cash pooling system at Group level   

On 20 December 2019, between ING Bank N.V., Electrica SA and its subsidiaries were conclu-

ded two agreements for the implementation of two cash pooling schemes, as follows:

 y a first system involving Electrica SA, as cash pool leader and its distribution subsidiaries 
(Societatea  de  Distributie  a  Energiei  Electrice  Muntenia  Nord  S.A.,  Societatea  de  Distri-
butie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Nord S.A. and Societatea de Distributie a Energiei 
Electrice  Transilvania  Sud  S.A.,  currently  Distributie  Energie  Electrica  Romania  S.A.),  as 
participants;

 y The credit facility offered by the pool leader to each participant is up to the amount of 
RON 180,000,000; The credit facility offered by each participant to the pool leader is up 
to the amount of RON 50,000,000; Interest rate: ROBOR 1M + 0.07% p.a. However, if the 
amounts drawn by the participants are covered both by the internal liquidity of Electrica 
SA, and by drawing from the credit line granted to Electrica SA, the amount of interest 
due by the participants to Electrica SA will be calculated using a weighted interest rate, 
calculated on the basis of the ROBOR Internal Rate 1M +0.07% p.a. and the ROBOR Bank 
Rate 1M + 0.5% p.a. The initial due date was 20.12.2020, the convention being automatical-
ly extended at the maturity of the bank facility agreement until 27.02.2023;

 y a second system involving Electrica SA, as cash pool leader and its subsidiaries, Electrica 
Furnizare S.A., Electrica Serv S.A., Servicii Energetice Muntenia S.A (currently absorbed 
by Electrica Serv S.A.), Electrica Energie Verde 1 SRL (starting with 30 December 2020) 
as participants;

 y The credit facility offered by the participants to the pool leader is up to the amount of RON 
180,000,000 for Electrica Furnizare S.A.; RON 10,000,000 for Electrica Energie Verde 1 
SRL; RON 50,000,000 for Electrica Serv S.A.. As at 30 November 2020 was in place the 

convention in amount to RON 2,000,000 with Servicii Energetice Muntenia S.A. which was 
absorbed by Electrica Serv S.A. being integrated in the conventions limits applicable for 
Electrica SERV S.A.. 

 y The credit facility offered by the pool leader to the participants is up to the amount of 
RON  245.000.000  (31  December  2020:  30,000,000  RON)  for  Electrica  Furnizare  S.A.; 
RON 15,000,000 (31 December 2020: RON 15,000,000) for Electrica Energie Verde 1 SRL; 
RON 12,000,000 (31 December 2020: RON 10,000,000) in the case of Electrica Serv S.A.. 
As at 30 November 2020 was in place the convention in amount to RON 2,000,000 with 
Servicii Energetice Muntenia S.A. which was absorbed by Electrica Serv S.A. being inte-
grated in the conventions limits applicable for Electrica SERV S.A. 

 y Interest rate: ROBOR 1M + 0.07% p.a. However, if the amounts drawn by the participants 
are covered both by the internal liquidity of Electrica SA, and by drawing from the credit 
line granted to Electrica SA, the amount of interest due by the participants to Electrica 
SA will be calculated using a weighted interest rate, calculated on the basis of the ROBOR 
Internal Rate 1M +0.07% p.a. and the ROBOR Bank Rate 1M + 0.5% p.a. The initial due date 
was 20.12.2020, the convention being automatically extended at the maturity of the bank 
facility agreement until 27.01.2023;

 y through  which  the  bank  will  automatically  transfer  all  available  amounts  existing  at  the 
end of each day in the current bank accounts of the participants to the master bank ac-
count of Electrica SA. In case the current bank accounts of the participants have a nega-
tive balance at the end of the day, the bank will transfer the necessary amounts from the 
master bank account of Electrica SA to the current bank accounts of the participants, so 
as at the end of each day the balance of the current bank accounts of the participants is 
nil. In case the balance of the master bank account of Electrica SA is not sufficient to cover 
the negative balance of the current bank accounts of the participants, the bank will make 
available the necessary funds from the overdraft facility that will be signed between the 
bank and Electrica SA. 

As of 31 December 2022, the credit facility has an outstanding balance of RON 207,830,772 
(31 December 2021: RON 120,541,354). For the amounts drawn/transferred to the cash pooling sys-
tems between Electrica SA and the other participants, please refer to Note 29.  

Equity and liabilities

24 Capital and reserves

(a) Share capital, share premium, gains and losses referring to share issue

The issued share capital in nominal terms consists of 346,443,597 ordinary shares as at 31 
December 2022 (31 December 2021: 346,443,597) with a nominal value of RON 10 per share. As of 4 
July 2014, after the Initial Public Offering (“IPO”), the Company’s shares are listed on the Bucharest 
Stock Exchange and the Global Depositary Receipts are listed on the London Stock Exchange. 

The  shares  owned  by  the  Company’s  shareholders  that  are  traded  on  the  London  Stock 
Exchange  are  the  global  depositary  receipts  (GDRs).  A  global  depositary  receipt  represents  four 
shares. The Bank of New York Mellon is the depositary bank for these securities. The GDRs’ weight in 
Electrica’s  total  share  capital  diminished  following  the  Initial  Public  Offering,  reaching  a  level  of 
0.7842% at the end of 2021 as compared to 10.17% at 4 July 2014.

The holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared, and are entitled 
to one vote per share in the shareholders’ meetings of the Company, except for the 6,890,593 shares 
purchased by the Company in July 2014 in order to stabilize the price. All shares rank equal and con-
fer equal rights to the net assets of the Company, except for treasury shares. 

The Company recognizes changes in share capital only after their approval in the General 
Shareholders Meeting and their registration by the Trade Register. The contributions made by the 
shareholders which are not yet registered with the Trade Register at year end are recognized as pre-
paid capital contributions from shareholders.

After  IPO  privatization,  the  Company  recognized  an  increase  of  share  capital  of  RON 
1,771,887,440  and  a  share  premium  of  RON  171,128,062.  The  transaction  costs  of  RON  68,078,885 
were deducted from the share premium.

Following the SPO that took place in November 2019, the share capital of Electrica SA was 
increased by in kind and cash contribution, with the amount of RON 5,036,680, from the amount of 
RON 3,459,399,290 to the amount of RON 3,464,435,970, by issuing a number of 503,668 new no-
minative and dematerialized shares with a nominal value of 10 RON/share. 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

309

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

308

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The costs generated by the secondary public offering are in amount of RON 963,601. Also, 
the Company recorded gains referring to share issue of RON 2,185,519, resulting from the difference 
between the contribution value of the plots of land and their value recorded as pre-paid capital con-
tributions in kind from shareholders.

(b) Treasury shares reserve

In  July  2014,  the  Company  purchased  5,206,593  ordinary  shares  and  421,000  Global 
Depositary Receipts, equivalent to 1,684,000 shares (totaling 6,890,593 shares). The total amount 
paid for acquiring the shares and Global Depositary Receipts was RON 75,372,435.

(c) Revaluation reserves

The  reconciliation  between  opening  and  closing  balance  of  the  revaluation  reserve  is  as 

follows:

Balance at 1 January
Release of revaluation reserve to 
retained earnings corresponding 
to depreciation and disposals of 
property, plant and equipment
Balance at 31 December

(d) Legal reserves

2022
12,397,647

(590,943) 

2021
12,605,266

(207,619)

11,806,704

12,397,647

The Legal reserves are set up as 5% of the gross profit for the year, until the total legal reser-
ves reach 20% of the paid-up nominal share capital of the Company, according to the legislation. 
These reserves are deductible for income tax purposes and are not distributable.

As at 31 December 2022, the legal reserves were in amount of RON 229,435,101 (31 December 

2021: RON 228,156,226).

(e) Dividends

The dividends distributed by the Company in 2022 and 2021 (from the statutory profits of 

preceding years) were as follows:

Distributed dividends

2022
152,798,852

2021
247,873,693

On 20 April 2022, the General Shareholders Meeting of the Company approved the net dis-

tributable profit of 2021 as follows:

 y Dividends to be distributed to shareholders: RON 152,798,852; 
 y Legal reserve (5% from 2021 pre-tax profit): RON 16,128,587;
 y Other reserves: RON 152,892,445. 

On 28 April 2021, the General Shareholders Meeting of the Company approved the net dis-

tributable profit of 2020 as follows:

 y Dividends to be distributed to shareholders: RON 247,873,693; 
 y Legal reserve (5% from 2021 pre-tax profit): RON 14,935,950;
 y Other reserves: RON 35,568,893. 

The  total  amount  of  dividends  to  be  distributed  to  shareholders  in  2022  was  of  RON 
152,798,852 (2021: RON 247,873,693). The value of dividends per share distributed to the sharehol-
ders of the Company were: RON 0.45 per share (2021: RON 0.73 per share). When calculating the 
dividend per share, the Company’s repurchased own shares (6,890,593 shares) were not considered 
as outstanding shares and are deducted from the total number of issued ordinary shares.

Out of the dividends declared by the Company of RON 152,798,852 (2021: RON 247,873,693), 
the dividends paid were RON 152,446,574 (2021: RON 247,473,235), the remaining difference repre-
sents dividends uncollected by the shareholders.

25 Trade payables

Suppliers of goods and services
Capital expenditure suppliers
Suppliers – related parties (Note 
29)
Total 

 31 December 2022

 31 December 2021

4,368,115
128,823

247,788
4,744,726

3,402,954
464,293

167,109
4,034,356

Payables to related parties are detailed in Note 29.

26 Other payables

 31 December 2022

 31 December 2021

 Current

 Non-current

 Current

Non-current

Cash-pooling 
payables 
Dividends payable
VAT under 
settlement
Other payables to 
the state budget
Other liabilities
Total 

33,187,405

1,716,675

-

7,304
1,563,323
36,474,707

-

-

-

-

-
-

41,885,081 

      1,715,724 

           18,302 

      6,659
         396,702 
  44,022,468 

-

-

-

-

-
-

Cash-pooling payables comprises the payable of Electrica as at 31 December 2022 as cash 

pool leader in the two cash-

pooling systems set up at Group level (Note 23 and Note 29).

Other  liabilities  include  mainly  guarantees  and  sundry  creditors.  Dividends  payable  repre-

sent the dividends uncollected by the shareholders.

In August 2020, the VAT group was established at the Electrica level in accordance with the 
provisions of Article 269 (9) of the Tax Code and the rules for its application, National Agency for 
Fiscal Administration (“NAFA”) Order No. 3006/2016 on the approval of the Procedure for the imple-
mentation and administration of the single tax group. The members of the VAT group are Electrica 
SA and its subsidiaries. The representative of the group is Electrica Furnizare S.A., having all the re-
porting and VAT record obligations stipulated by the legal regulations in force for the whole group.

27 Provisions

Balance at 1 January 2022
Provisions recognized
Provisions utilized
Provisions reversed
Balance at 31 December 2022

Litigations and other risks

                           4,238,114
304,330
(1,872,108)
(1,628,660)
1,041,676

The provisions balance consists of: a) provisions in amount of RON 702,088 as at 31 December 
2022 (31 December 2021: RON 2,568,765) referring to the benefits granted upon the termination of 
executive directors’ and management key personnel contracts in the form of a non-compete clause 
and  b)  provision  in  amount  of  RON  339,589  as  at  31  December  2022  (31  December  2021:  RON 
1,669,351) referring to various litigations.

Financial instruments

28 Financial instruments - fair values and risk management

(a) Accounting classifications and fair values

According to IFRS 9, financial assets are measured at amortized cost as they are held within a business 
model to collect contractual cash flows and these cash flows consist solely of payments of principal and interest 
on the principal amount outstanding. 

The Company doesn’t have real Group guarantees, only corporate guarantees disclosed on 

note 31 Commitments.

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

310

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

311

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company assessed that the carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of the fair 

value for the financial assets and financial liabilities.

(b) Financial risk management

The Company has exposure to the following risks arising from financial instruments:
 y credit risk; 
 y liquidity risk;
 y market risk. 

These risks are further explained and detailed.

(i) Credit risk 

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty to a fi-
nancial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations, and arises mainly from the Company’s 
receivables from customers, cash-pooling debtors, cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and 
bank deposits.

The Company’s exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the individual characteristics 
of each customer. In the past, the Company had a high credit risk mainly from State-owned compa-
nies (see Note 16). 
Cash and bank deposits are placed in financial institutions, which are considered to have good creditworthiness. 
The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure.

Trade receivables

The Company establishes an allowance for impairment that represents the amount of expec-

ted credit losses, calculated based on the expected loss rates.

Impairment

The  following  table  provides  information  about  the  exposure  to  credit  risk  and  expected 

credit losses for trade receivables for customers as at 31 December 2022:

Expected loss 
rates (“ECL”)

Gross value

Lifetime ECL

Net trade 
receivables

Credit impaired

31 December 2022

Neither past due 
nor impaired
Past due 1-30 
days
Past due 31-60 
days
Past due 61-90 
days
Past due more 
than 90 days
Total

0%

0%

0%

0%

708,385

56,677

-

-

-

-

-

-

708,385

56,677

-

-

100%

160,706,221
161,471,282

(160,675,756)
(160,675,756)

30,464
795,526

No

No

No

No

Yes

Allowances for impairment are referring mainly to Oltchim in amount of RON 98,725,847 (31 
December  2021:  RON  518,938,151),  Transenergo  Com  in  amount  of  RON  37,085,364  (31  December 
2021: RON 37,088,264) and to Fidelis Energy in amount of RON 11,220,386 (31 December 2021: RON 
11,220,386). Please see Note 16.

An analysis of trade receivables from the point of view of the credit risk and expected credit 

losses for trade receivables for customers as at 31 December 2021, is as follows: 

Expected loss 
rates (“ECL”)

Gross value

Lifetime ECL

Net trade 
receivables

Credit impaired

31 December 2021

Neither past due 
nor impaired
Past due 1-30 
days
Past due 31-60 
days

0%

0%

0%

843,715

78,107

-

-

-

-

843,715

78,107

-

No

No

No

Expected loss 
rates (“ECL”)

Gross value

Lifetime ECL

Net trade 
receivables

Credit impaired

31 December 2021

Past due 61-90 
days
Past due more 
than 90 days
Total

Liquidity risk

0%

100%

-

-

-

582,017,003
582,938,825

(582,012,952)
(582,012,952)

4,051
925,873

No

Yes

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company might encounter difficulty in meeting the obliga-
tions associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial 
asset.  The  Company  has  significant  cash  and  cash  equivalents  so  that  no  liquidity  risk  is 
experienced.

The Company aims to maintain the level of its cash and cash equivalents at an amount in 
excess of expected cash outflows on financial liabilities. The Company also monitors the level of ex-
pected cash inflows on trade receivables together with expected cash outflows on trade and other 
payables. 

Exposure to liquidity risk

The following table presents the contractual maturities of financial liabilities at the reporting 

date. The amounts are gross and undiscounted, and include estimated interest accrued.

Carrying amount

Total

less than 1 year

1-2 years

2-5 years

Contractual cash flows

207,830,772
4,744,726
269,610
212,845,108

207,830,772
4,744,726
269,610
212,845,108

207,830,772
4,744,726
215,561
212,791,059

120,541,354 
4,034,356
513,274
125,088,984 

120,541,354 
4,034,356
513,274
125,088,984 

120,541,354
4,034,356
394,818
124,970,528 

-
-
54,049
54,049

-
-
62,647
62,647 

-
-
-
-

-
-
55,809
55,809 

Financial 
liabilities
31 December 
2022
Bank overdrafts
Trade payables
Lease liability
Total

31 December 
2021
Bank overdrafts
Trade payables
Lease liability
Total

(ii) Market risk

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices – such as foreign exchange rates, interest 
rates – will affect the Company’s income or the value of its holdings of financial instruments. The 
objective of market risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures within accep-
table parameters, while optimizing the return.

Currency risk

The Company is exposed to currency risk to the extent that there is a mismatch between the 
currencies in which sales, purchases and borrowings are denominated and the functional currency of 
the Company. The functional currency of the Company is the Romanian Leu (RON). 

The currencies in which these transactions are primarily denominated are RON and EUR. The 
Company  also  has  deposits  and  bank  accounts  denominated  in  foreign  currency  (EUR).  The 
Company’s policy is to use the local currency in its transactions as far as practically possible. The 
Company does not use derivative or hedging instruments.

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

313

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

312

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exposure to currency risk

Cash flow sensitivity analysis for variable-rate instruments

The summary of the quantitative data about the Company’s exposure to currency risk is as 

follows:

In RON
Cash and cash equivalents
Lease liability
Net statement of financial position 
exposure

31 December 2022
denominated in EUR

31 December 2021
denominated in EUR

263,291 
(267,657)

(4,366)

                      262,918 
 (509,598)   

(246,680)                  

The following significant exchange rates have been applied during the year:

RON
EUR 1

Average rate

Year-end spot rate

2022

2021

2022

2021

4.9315

4.9204

4.9474

4,9481

Sensitivity analysis

A reasonable possible appreciation (depreciation) of the EUR against RON at 31 December 
would have affected the measurement of financial instruments denominated in a foreign currency, 
the profit before tax and the equity, respectively, by the amounts shown below. The analysis assumes 
that all other variables, especially the interest rates, remain constant and ignores the impact of fore-
casted sales and purchases.

Effect
31 December 2022
EUR (5% movement)
31 December 2021
EUR (5% movement)

Interest rate risk

Profit before tax

Appreciation

Depreciation

(218)

(12,334)

218

12,334 

The Company exposures to interest rates on financial assets and financial liabilities are detai-
led below. The Company is exposed to the interest rate benchmark ROBOR, which is the interest rate 
on the Romanian interbank market. The Company does not have in place hedging contracts for inte-
rest rate.

Exposure to interest rate risk

The interest rate profile of the Company’s interest-bearing financial instruments is as follows:

31 December
 2022

31 December
 2021

Fixed-rate instruments
Financial assets
Call deposits

Variable-rate instruments
Financial assets
Cash pooling receivables (Note 23, 
Note 29)
Financial liabilities
Cash pooling payables (Note 23, 
Note 29)
Bank overdrafts (Note 18)
Lease liability
Total

102,017,348
102,017,348

  2,715,802
2,715,802 

477,646,009 

567,621,644

(33,187,405)
(207,830,772)
(269,610)
236,358,222

(41,885,081)
(120,541,354)
        (513,274)
        404,681,935

Fair value sensitivity analysis for fixed-rate instruments

The Company does not account for any fixed-rate financial assets or financial liabilities at fair 
value  through  profit  or  loss.  Therefore,  a  change  in  interest  rates  at  the  reporting  date  would  not 
affect profit or loss.

A reasonably possible change of 50 basis points in interest rates at the reporting date would 
have increased (decreased) profit before tax by the amounts shown below. This analysis assumes 
that all other variables, in particular foreign currency exchange rates, remain constant.

50 bp increase

50 bp decrease

Profit before tax

1,181,791 

2,023,410

(1,181,791)

 (2,023,410) 

31 December 2022
Variable-rate instruments

31 December 2021
Variable-rate instruments

Other information

29 Related parties

(a) Main shareholders

As  at  31  December  2022  and  31  December  2021,  the  major  shareholder  of  Societatea 
Energetica Electrica S.A. is the Romanian State, represented by the Ministry of Energy with a share 
of ownership of 48.79% from the share capital.

(b) Management and administrators’ compensation

Management compensation

5,905,346

6,833,228

Executive  management  compensation  refers  to  both  the  managers  with  mandate  contract  and  those  with 
labour contract, concluded with Electrica SA. This also includes the benefits in the event of the termination of 
mandate contracts for executive directors. The benefits paid for the termination of mandate contracts in 2022 
was in amount of RON  4,569,588  (2021: 3,136,800). 

2022

2021

Compensations granted to the members of the Board of Directors were as follows:

Members of Board of Directors

2,537,558          

3,887,254

2022

2021

Electrica SA’s Board of Directors comprises 7 members. According to the remuneration po-
licy approved by the General Meeting of Shareholders that took place 20 April 2022, the annual nu-
mber of paid sessions is limited to twelve for Board of Directors meetings and to six for each of the 
committees. Additional committee meetings can be organized only in exceptional situations, upon 
the Chairs’ decision, who are responsible to efficiently organize the agenda and activity. However, 
only one such additional meeting shall be remunerated, for each committee. 

No loans were granted to managers and administrators in 2022 and 2021.

(c) Transactions with the Group companies

(i) Balance of receivables and payables from/ to Group companies: 

Trade Receivables/Trade Payables

Receivables from
31 December
2022

31 December
2021

Payables to
31 December 2022

31 December 2021

197,031

474,458

1,784 

62,709

-

1,199,088 

848

7,828

1,767

-

23,389 

222,615 

-

-

104,400

-

1,396,967 

484,053

247,788 

167,109

Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania 
S.A.
Electrica Serv S.A.
Electrica Furnizare 
S.A.
Electrica Productie 
Energie S.A.
Total

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

314

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

315

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, receivables from electricity distribution subsidiaries include 
mainly other services reinvoiced. 

Loans granted/interest receivable:

(ii) Transactions with subsidiaries

Sales/Purchases 

Loans granted to

31 December
2022

31 December
2021

Interest receivable 
from
31 December
2022

31 December
2021

1,276,325,000

1,276,325,000

17,937,449

15,439,712

-

30,000,000

-

30,400

41,594,188

600,000

2,400,000

440,335

-

-

-

-

1,657,848

12,370

102,784

3,753

-

-

-

-

Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania 
S.A.
Electrica Furnizare 
S.A.
Electrica Energie 
Productie S.A.
Sunwind Energy 
S.R.L.
New Trend Energy 
S.R.L.
Green Energy 
Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L.

Total

1,321,359,523 

1,306,325,000 

19,714,204 

15,470,112

Cash-pooling system 31 December 2022: 

Amount drawn
by participants
31 December
2022

Amount contributed 
to by participants
31 December
2022

Net position

31 December
2022

Interest receivable/
(payable)
31 December
2022

311,393,113

163,250,006 

3,002,890 

-

477,646,009 

-

-

-

(33,187,405) 

(33,187,405) 

311,393,113

1,859,586 

163,250,006 

1,018,277 

3,002,890 

(33,187,405) 

444,458,604 

17,849 

(244,477) 

2,651,235 

Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania 
S.A.
Electrica Furnizare 
S.A.
Electrica Energie 
Verde 1 S.R.L. 
Electrica Serv S.A.

Total

Cash-pooling system 31 December 2021: 

Amount drawn
by participants
31 December
2021

Amount contributed 
to by participants
31 December
2021

Net position

31 December
2021

Interest receivable/
(payable)
31 December
2021

311,620,794

245,000,000

11,000,850 

-

567,621,644 

-

-

-

(41,873,420)

(41,873,420)

311,620,794

602,305

245,000,000

540,414

11,000,850

(41,873,420)

525,748,224

24,345

(105,541)

1,061,523 

Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania 
S.A.
Electrica Furnizare 
S.A.
Electrica Energie 
Verde 1 S.R.L. 
Electrica Serv S.A.

Total

Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania 
S.A.
Electrica Furnizare 
S.A.
Electrica Serv S.A.
Electrica Energie 
Productie S.A.
Total

Sales
in 2022

Sales
in 2021

Purchases
in 2022

Purchases
in 2021

208,879

740,664

185,938

131,742

1,314,408 

8,782 

3,339

14,471

16,909

-

689,704 

27,056 

-

434,915

-

-

1,535,408 

772,044

902,698 

566,657

Reimbursements / Borrowings 

Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania 
S.A.
Electrica Furnizare 
S.A.
Electrica Energie 
Productie S.A.
Sunwind Energy 
S.R.L.
New Trend Energy 
S.R.L.
Green Energy 
Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L.
Total

Borrowings granted 
in 2022

Borrowings granted 
in 2021

Reimbursements in 
2022

Reimbursements
in 2021

-

246,325,000

-

-

100,000,000 

90,000,000

130,000,000 

60,000,000

47,540,173

600,000

2,400,000

440,335

-

-

-

-

5,945,985 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

150,980,508 

336,325,000

135,945,985 

60,000,000

Interest income for loans

Interest income
2022

Interest income
2021

Distributie Energie Electrica 
Romania S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Electrica Energie Productie S.A.
Sunwind Energy S.R.L.
New Trend Energy S.R.L.
Green Energy Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L.
Total

Dividends income

Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Distributie Energie Electrica 
Romania S.A.
Total

47,972,160

1,406,254 
1,711,863 
12,370
102,784

3,753
51,209,184 

41,127,404

30,400
-
-
-

-
41,157,804

Dividends income
2022

Dividends income
2021

-

-

-

233,293,563           

96,250,081
329,543,644

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

316

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

317

NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash pooling system – interest income/(expense)

Distributie Energie Electrica 
Romania S.A.
Electrica Energie Verde 1 S.R.L. 
Electrica Serv S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.

Total

Interest income/(expense)
2022

Interest income/(expense)
2021

18,136,075

464,479 
(2,553,799) 
10,664,680 

26,711,435 

3,344,942

223,675
(808,125)
1,193,403

3,953,895

(d) Transactions with companies in which the state has control or significant influence 

The Company had sale and purchase transactions mainly with the following companies:

Supplier
ANCOM
Others
Total

Client
Oltchim
CET Braila
Total

Client
Oltchim
CET Braila
Total

Purchases (without VAT)

2022

2021

Balance (including VAT)

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

567,684 
142,640
710,324 

605,644
42,062
647,706

141,921 
497
142,418 

139,758
910
140,668

Sales
(without VAT)
2022

Balance, gross 
(including VAT)
31 December 2022
98,725,847
3,118,411
101,844,258

-
-
-

Allowance 
(including VAT)

Balance, net

(98,725,847)
(3,118,411)
(101,844,258)

Sales 
(without VAT)
2021

Balance, gross 
(including VAT)
31 December 2021

Allowance (including VAT)

Balance, net

-
-
-

518,938,151
3,118,411
522,056,562

(518,938,151)
(3,118,411)
(522,056,562)

-
-
-

-
-
-

30 Contingencies

(a) Contingent Assets

Litigation with National Agency of Fiscal Administration (“NAFA”)

In May 2017, after the revision of Electrica’s tax record, the tax authorities issued an enforce-
ment order for additional interest and penalties of RON 39,248,818 as a result of certain tax record 
allocations for prior periods. Electrica SA filed a complaint with the tax authorities against the enfor-
cement order and also filed a legal action to suspend the enforced payment by the resolution of the 
above mentioned complaint. These additional interest and penalties are related to the prior enforce-
ment orders received by Electrica SA in the prior years of RON 72,460,387. 

In February 2018, Electrica SA has obtained a favourable Supreme Court ruling in one of the 
litigations with NAFA, which essentially maintains into force a prior Court of Appeal decision, which 
is favourable for the Company. 

Also,  in  April  2019,  Electrica  SA  obtained  another  favourable  decision  pronounced  by  the 
Bucharest Court of Appeal in one of the disputes with NAFA, whereby the court obliges NAFA to 
correct the evidence of the tax receivables so that it reflects the extinction by prescription of the 
amount of RON 16,915,950 representing income tax as well as all the related accessories. Moreover, 
in November 2019, Electrica SA obtained one more favourable decision pronounced by the Bucharest 
Court of Appeal in one of the disputes with NAFA, whereby the court obliges NAFA to cancel the 
administrative documents issued regarding the accessory fiscal obligations in the amount of RON 
39,248,818 and ordered the refund/ compensation of the amount and the correction of the tax re-
cord.  Against  this  decision,  NAFA  filed  an  appeal,  registered  to  the  High  Court  of  Cassation  and 
Justice, with the Court term on 23 March 2022, which was finalized in favor of Electrica.

Following this final decision, the Bucharest District 1 Court reinstated another case for which, 
on 22 December 2022, annulled the enforceable title for the amount of RON 39,248,818 and of all 

subsequent enforcement acts issued in connection with the forced execution and also obliged NAFA 
to pay the litigation costs in the amount of RON 19,326. Against this decision, NAFA filed an appeal 
on 23 February 2023.

Thus, until 31 December 2022, the Company did not recognize a provision in this respect, 
taking into account that management’s best estimate is that the Company shall be able to obtain a 
favourable final Court decision in this case.

(b) Contingent Liabilities

Other litigations and claims

The Company is involved in a series of litigations and claims (ie. with SAPE, ANRE, NAFA, 

Court of Accounts, claims for damages, claims over land titles, labour related litigations etc.). 

As summarised in Note 27, the Company set-up provisions for the litigations or claims for 
which the management assessed as probable the outflow of resources embodying economic bene-
fits due to low chances of favourable outcomes of those litigations or disputes. The Company does 
not present information in the financial statements and did not set-up provisions for items for which 
the management assessed as remote the possibility of outflow of economic benefits.

The Company discloses, if the case, information on the most significant items of litigations 
or claims for which the Company did not set-up provisions as they relate to possible obligations that 
arise from past events whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence 
of uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company (ie. litigations for which di-
fferent inconsistent sentences were issued by the Courts, or litigations which are in early stages and 
no preliminary ruling was issued so far).

Fiscal environment

Tax  audits  are  frequent  in  Romania,  consisting  of  detailed  verifications  of  the  accounting 
records of taxpayers. Such audits sometimes take place after months, even years, from the date lia-
bilities are established. Consequently, companies may be found liable for significant taxes and fines. 
Moreover, tax legislation is subject to frequent changes and the authorities sometimes demonstrate 
inconsistency  in  interpretation  of  the  law.  Income  tax  statements  may  be  subject  to  revision  and 
corrections made by tax authorities, generally for a five-year period after they are filled in. The com-
pany was the subject of fiscal inspections until 31 March 2013.

The Company may incur expenses related to tax adjustments related to previous years as a 
result of tax authorities inspections and disputes. The Company’s management considers that adequ-
ate reserves were established in the separate financial statements for all the significant fiscal obliga-
tions, however a risk that the tax authorities could take different positions still persists.

(c) Transfer prices

According  to  the  fiscal  legislation,  the  fiscal  assessment  for  a  transaction  with  affiliates  is 
based on the market price concept for that transaction. Based on this concept, the transfer prices 
must be adjusted in order to reflect the market prices that would have been established between the 
entities  having  no  affiliation  relation  and  are  acting  independently,  based  on  “normal  market 
conditions”.

Likely, verifications of the transfer prices may be done in the future by the fiscal authorities, 
in order to establish if these prices are respecting the principle of the “normal market conditions” and 
that the tax base for Romanian taxpayer is not distorted.

31 Commitments

a) Contractual commitments

Contractual commitments as at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 are as follows:

Purchase of property, plant and equipment, intangible 
assets and other maintenance and repairs services
Purchase of investments
Total

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

-
289,635,733
289,635,733

22,568
60,484,337
60,506,905

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NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated)

b) Guarantees and pledges

The  Company  has  a  facility  for  issuing  bank  guarantee  letters  in  the  amount  of  RON 
200,000,000  contracted  from  Unicredit  Bank  and  which  is  used  at  Group  level,  out  of  which  the 
used amount as of 31 December 2022 is RON 133,660,068 (31 December 2021: RON 161,394,730). The 
maturity of the facility is on 31 December 2030. Also, the Company issued parenting guarantees for 
Electrica Furnizare S.A. in total amount of RON 367,234,402.

c) Audit fees

The audit fees for the individual financial statements were in amount of 25 thousand RON, 
and during the year 2022, non-audit services fees were in amount of 25 thousand RON (limited revi-
ew of the interim separate financial statements).

32 Subsequent events

Vulturu project

The project of company Green Energy Consultancy & Investments S.R.L, having as main ob-
ject of activity the production of energy from photovoltaic sources, was acquired 100% on 6 February 
2023, until 31 December 2022 was acquired 75% (please see note 1). The fair value of the project is 
the actual sale price of RON 2,636,214. Green Energy Consultancy & Investments S.R.L. develops the 
photovoltaic project “Vulturu”, with a designed installed capacity of 12 MWp DC (peak power at the 
panels level) and 9.75 MW AC (authorised power for delivery into the grid), located near Vulturu lo-
cality, Vrancea county. The project is in the “ready-to-build” phase.

Chief Executive Officer
Alexandru - Aurelian Chirita

Chief Financial Officer
Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

07 March 2023

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NOTES TO THE SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTSAS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report on  
the 2022 Separate Financial Statements

322

323

Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Separate Financial Statements 

Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Separate Financial Statements 

Deloitte Audit S.R.L.  
Clădirea The Mark Tower,  
Calea Griviței nr. 82-98,  
Sector 1, 010735 
București, România 

Tel:  +40 21 222 16 61 
Fax:  +40 21 222 16 60 
www.deloitte.ro 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  

To the Shareholders, 
SOCIETATEA ENERGETICA ELECTRICA S.A. 

Report on the Audit of the Separate Financial Statements   

Opinion 

1.  We have audited the separate financial statements of Societatea Energetica Electrica S.A. (“the Company”), with registered 

office in Bucharest, District 1, Street Grigore Alexandrescu, No. 9, identified by unique tax registration code 13267221, which 
comprise the separate statement of financial position as at December 31, 2022, and the separate statement of 
comprehensive income, separate statement of changes in equity and separate statement of cash flows for the year then 
ended, including a summary of significant accounting policies and notes to the separate financial statements. 

2. 

The separate financial statements as at December 31, 2022 are identified as follows: 

•  Net assets/ Equity  
•  Net profit for the financial year 

RON   3,996,376,488  
24,304,885  
RON  

3. 

In our opinion, the accompanying separate financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the separate financial 
position of the Company as at December 31, 2022, and its separate financial performance and its separate cash flows for the 
year then ended in accordance with Order 2844/2016, with subsequent amendments, for the approval of accounting 
regulations conforming with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by EU. 

Key audit matters 

Going Concern 

How our audit addressed the key audit matter 

As presented in Note 6 the separate financial statements have 
been prepared on the going concern basis. The key judgement 
leading to this conclusion are set out in that note. 

We  have  assessed  managements  valuation  of  the  going 
concern  assumption  by  performing 
following 
procedures:  

the 

In particular the subsidiaries of the Company operate in the 
electricity distribution and supply industry which is currently 
affected by the compensation and ceiling laws on sales to end 
customers. The Romanian authorities regulatory position is under 
review and there may be further laws enacted which could 
adversely impact the subsidiaries of the Company’s operating cash 
flows. In the forthcoming twelve months the subsidiaries will need 
to obtain additional financing and given the position of the Group 
and its significance to the Romanian economy management 
expect that all necessary financing will be made available. 

The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is 
dependent on the ability of its subsidiaries to continue as a going 
concern. The ability of the subsidiaries of the Company 
to continue as a going concern is dependent on successful 
completion of the new financing and on stabilizing of the 
regulatory regime on energy prices as described in note 6, which 
provides an appropriate margin to support servicing of the 
subsidiaries of the Company and Company’s short and long term 
financings. 

In view of the significant judgements the application and 
disclosures of the basis of the going concern assumption are 
considered a Key Audit Matter.  

•  We have obtained the cash flow forecasts and 

critically challenged the management and the Board 
of Directors and Audit Committee on the 
assumptions used;        

•  We considered whether at the date of this report 

additional information exist from the Romanian 
authorities with respect to the capping mechanism;      

•  We have assessed the Company’s subsidiaries and 
Company’s position on the existing debt facilities, 
covenant compliance and newly negotiated debt 
facilities, during 2023 until the date of this report; 

•  We considered the Company’s subsidiaries and 

Company’s requirements to secure additional 
financing in light of its position in the Romanian 
market;        

•  We assessed the adequacy of the disclosure of the 

basis of going concern assumption, including the key 
judgements adopted; 

Basis for Opinion 

Other information - Administrator’s Report  

4.  We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (ISAs), Regulation (EU) No. 537/2014 of the 

European Parliament and the Council (forth named “the Regulation”) and Law 162/2017 (“the Law”). Our responsibilities 
under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section 
of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the International Ethics Standards Board for 
Accountants’ Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (IESBA Code), in accordance with ethical requirements relevant for 
the audit of the financial statements in Romania including the Regulation and the Law and we have fulfilled our other ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements and the IESBA Code. We believe that the audit evidence we have 
obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Emphasis of matter 

5.  We draw attention to Note 2 to the separate financial statements which states that Company is the parent company of 
Electrica Group and that consolidated financial statements of Electrica Group prepared in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by EU have not yet been published. Notes 2 to the separate financial statements 
explain when consolidated financial statements will be published. Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter 

Key Audit Matters 

6. 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the separate 
financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the separate financial 
statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.  

.

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7. 

The administrator is responsible for preparation and presentation of the other information. The other information comprises 
the Administrator’s report and the Remuneration Report, but does not include the consolidated and separate financial 
statements and our auditor’s report thereon, nor the non-financial information declaration being presented in a separate 
report. 

.

Our opinion on the separate financial statements does not cover the other information and, unless otherwise explicitly 
mentioned in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the separate financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022, our responsibility is 
to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the 
separate financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 

With respect to the Administrator’s report, we read it and report if this has been prepared, in all material respects, in 
accordance with the provisions of Ministry of Public Finance Order no. 2844/2016, with subsequent amendments, for the 
approval of accounting regulations conforming with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by EU, article no. 
20. 

With respect to the Remuneration report, we read it and report if this has been prepared, in all material respects, in 
accordance with the provisions of Law 24/2017, articles. no. 106 – 107. 

On the sole basis of the procedures performed within the audit of the separate financial statements, in our opinion:  

a) 

the information included in the administrators’ report for the financial year for which the separate financial statements 
have been prepared is consistent, in all material respects, with these separate financial statements; 

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Numele Deloitte se referă la organizația Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, o companie cu răspundere limitată din Marea Britanie, la firmele membre ale acesteia, în cadrul căreia 
fiecare firmă membră este o persoană juridică independentă. Pentru o descriere amănunțită a structurii legale a Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited și a firmelor membre, vă rugăm să 
accesați www.deloitte.com/ro/despre. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
                          
 
               
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Separate Financial Statements 

Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Separate Financial Statements 

b) 

the administrators’ report has been prepared, in all material respects,  in accordance with the provisions of Ministry of 
Public Finance Order no. 2844/2016, with subsequent amendments, for the approval of accounting regulations 
conforming with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by EU, article no. 20; 

c) 

the Remuneration report has been prepared, in all material respects,  in accordance with the provisions of Law 
24/2017, articles. no. 106 – 107. 

Moreover, based on our knowledge and understanding concerning the Company and its environment gained during the audit 
on the separate financial statements prepared as at December 31, 2022, we are required to report if we have identified a 
material misstatement of this Administrator’s report and Remuneration Report. We have nothing to report in this regard.  

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Separate Financial Statements  

13.  We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the 
audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit. 

14.  We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements 
regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought 
to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards. 

15.  From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most 
significance in the audit of the financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We 
describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, 
in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse 
consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication. 

8.  Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the separate financial statements in accordance with 

Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements  

Order 2844/2016, with subsequent amendments, for the approval of accounting regulations conforming with International 
Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by EU and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to 
enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

16.  We have been appointed by the General Assembly of Shareholders on April 28, 2021 to audit the separate financial 

statements of Societatea Energetica Electrica S.A. for the financial year ended December 31, 2022. The uninterrupted total 
duration of our commitment is 5 years, covering the financial years ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2022. 

9. 

In preparing the separate financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Company’s ability to continue as a 
going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting 
unless management either intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 

We confirm that: 

10.  Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company’s financial reporting process. 

Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Separate Financial Statements 

11.  Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the separate financial statements as a whole are free from 
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable 
assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs will always 
detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, 
individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the 
basis of these separate financial statements. 

12.  As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism 

throughout the audit. We also: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the separate financial statements, whether due to fraud or 
error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and 
appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is 
higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, 
misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. 

Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are 
appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the 
Company's internal control.   

Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related 
disclosures made by management. 

Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the 
audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant 
doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are 
required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the separate financial statements or, if 
such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to 
the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as 
a going concern. 

Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the separate financial statements, including the disclosures, 
and whether the separate financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that 
achieves fair presentation.  

•  Our audit opinion is consistent with the additional report submitted to the Audit Committee of the Company that we issued 
the  same  date  we  issued  and  this  report.  Also,  in  conducting  our  audit,  we  have  retained  our  independence  from  the 
audited entity. 

•  No non-audit services referred to in Article 5 (1) of EU Regulation No. 537 / 2014 were provided. 

The engagement statutory auditor on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Razvan Ungureanu.  

Razvan Ungureanu, Statutory Auditor 

For signature, please refer to the original 
signed Romanian version. 

Registered in the Electronic Public Register of Financial  
Auditors and Audit Firms under AF 4866 

On behalf of: 

DELOITTE AUDIT SRL 

Registered in the Electronic Public Register of Financial  
Auditors and Audit Firms under FA 25 

The Mark Building, 84-98 and 100-102 Calea Griviței, 9th Floor, District 1 
Bucharest, Romania 
March 7, 2023  

3 

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2022 Consolidated Financial 
Statements (OMFP 2844/2016)

328

329

2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (OMFP 2844/2016)

2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (OMFP 2844/2016)

2022 Consolidated 
Financial Statements 
(OMFP 2844/2016)

SOCIETATEA ENERGETICA ELECTRICA S.A.

Consolidated Financial Statements

as at and for the year ended

31 December 2022

prepared in accordance with 

OMFP no. 2844/2016

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Content

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION (OMFP 2844/2016) ....332
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS (OMFP 2844/2016) ................334
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME  
(OMFP 2844/2016)...............................................................................................................................................335
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (OMFP 2844/2016) ......336
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (OMFP 2844/2016) ........................338
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (OMFP 2844/2016) ........................339
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016) .... 340
Basis of preparation .....................................................................................................................................340
1 Reporting entity and general information  .....................................................................................340
2 Basis of accounting  ................................................................................................................................346
3 Functional and presentation currency  ...........................................................................................346
4 Use of judgements and estimates  ....................................................................................................346
Accounting policies ......................................................................................................................................348
5 Basis of measurement  ...........................................................................................................................348
6 Significant accounting policies  .........................................................................................................348
7 Disclosure for the additional set of the consolidated financial statements ......................362
Performance for the year ..........................................................................................................................362
8 Operating segments ...............................................................................................................................362
9 Revenue  ......................................................................................................................................................365
10 Electricity and natural gas purchased ...........................................................................................365
11 Other income and expenses ................................................................................................................366
12 Net finance income/(cost) ..................................................................................................................366
13 Earnings/(loss) per share  ...................................................................................................................366
Employee benefits ........................................................................................................................................367
14 Short-term employee benefits  ..........................................................................................................367
15 Post-employment and other long-term employee benefits  .................................................367
16 Employee benefit expenses  ..............................................................................................................370
Income taxes ....................................................................................................................................................370
17 Income taxes ............................................................................................................................................370
Assets ...................................................................................................................................................................372
18 Trade receivables  ...................................................................................................................................372
19 Other receivables  ..................................................................................................................................374
20 Cash and cash equivalents   ..............................................................................................................374
21 Inventories .................................................................................................................................................374
22 Property, plant and equipment  .......................................................................................................375
23 Intangible assets  ...................................................................................................................................378
24 Investments in associates ...................................................................................................................379
Equity and liabilities .....................................................................................................................................381
25 Capital and reserves .............................................................................................................................381
26 Trade payables  ......................................................................................................................................382
27 Other payables  ......................................................................................................................................382
28 Provisions  ................................................................................................................................................383
29 Bank borrowings and overdrafts .....................................................................................................383
Financial instruments ..................................................................................................................................387
30 Financial instruments - fair values and risk management .....................................................387
Other information ..........................................................................................................................................391
31 Acquisition of subsidiaries  .................................................................................................................391
32 Related parties  .......................................................................................................................................392
33 Contingencies  ........................................................................................................................................394
34 Commitments .........................................................................................................................................395
35 Subsequent events  ...............................................................................................................................396

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331

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION (OMFP 2844/2016)
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION (OMFP 2844/2016)
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

Note

31 December 2022

31 December
2021

Note

31 December 2022

31 December
2021

ASSETS

Non-current assets
Intangible assets 
related to concession 
arrangements
Intangible assets from 
the capitalization of 
own technological 
consumption
Other intangible assets
Goodwill
Property, plant and 
equipment
Investments in associates 
Other investments
Deferred tax assets
Other non-current assets
Right of use assets
Total non-current assets

Current assets
Trade receivables
Subsidies receivable
Other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Inventories
Prepayments
Current income tax 
receivable
Assets held for sale
Total current assets

Total assets

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Equity
Share capital
Share premium
Treasury shares reserve
Pre-paid capital 
contributions in kind from 
shareholders
Revaluation reserve
Legal reserves
Retained earnings
Total equity attributable 
to the owners of the 
Company
Non-controlling interests

Total equity
(continued on next page)  

23

23

23
31

22

24

17

18
11
19
20
21

25
25
25

25

25
25

31

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5,675,866

5,514,557

951,557

12,854
12,040

499,390

18,824
7,000
30,180
2,393
52,152
7,262,256 

2,466,002
1,280,788
 127,253
 334,887
 113,972
13,874

24,000

280
4,361,056

-

8,983
-

505,419

25,810
-
83,531
1,661
20,945
6,160,906

1,344,619 
-
                48,600 
              221,830 
                72,958 
                  5,034 

23,777

5,412
1,722,230 

Liabilities

Non-current liabilities
Lease liability – long term
Deferred tax liabilities
Employee benefits
Other payables
Long-term bank 
borrowings
Total non-current 
liabilities

Current liabilities
Current portion of long-
term bank borrowings
Lease liability – short term
Bank overdrafts
Trade payables
Other payables
Deferred revenue
Employee benefits
Provisions
Current tax liabilities
Total current liabilities
Total liabilities

17
15
27

29

29

29
26
27

14,15
28

34,462
212,555 
117,269
72,432

647,193

12,102 
161,926 
149,177 
32,732 

118,756 

1,083,911

474,693 

113,520
19,211
2,571,037
1,407,097
867,536
24,750
114,174
53,701
1,129
5,172,155
6,256,066

Total equity and 
liabilities 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

11,623,312 

Chief Executive Officer
Alexandru - Aurelian Chirita

Chief Financial Officer
Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

11,623,312

7,883,136 

07 March 2023

 3,464,436
 103,049
 (75,372)

            3,464,436 
              103,049 
               (75,372)

7
 92,117
 429,583
1,353,942 

5,367,762 
(516)
5,367,246   

                        7 
              102,829 
              408,405 
              950,228 

          4,953,582 
-
          4,953,582

509,733 
9,442 
627,402 
891,335 
271,263 
9,662    
101,102 
34,922 
-                
2,454,861 
2,929,554 

7,883,136 

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333

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
          
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS (OMFP 2844/2016)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, except per share data)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (OMFP 2844/2016)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

Note

2022

2021

Note

2022

2021

9

11

10

23

16

22,23

18,19

11

12

12

25

17

Revenue

Capitalised costs of intangible 
non-current assets

Other income

Electricity and natural gas 
purchased  

Construction costs related to 
concession agreements

Employee benefits

Repairs, maintenance and 
materials 

Depreciation and amortization

Impairment for trade and other 
receivables, net

Other operating expenses

Operating profit/(loss)

Finance income

Finance costs

Net finance cost

Share of results of associates

Profit/(Loss) before tax

Income tax benefit/(expense)

Profit/(Loss) for the year

Profit/(Loss) for the year 
attributable to:

 –
Company

 –
interests

owners of the 

non-controlling 

Profit/(Loss) for the year 

Earnings/(Loss) per share

10,009,896

7,178,864 

989,291

2,840,963

-

195,771 

(10,506,809)

 (5,694,724)

(593,490)

(823,422)

(88,229)

(533,987) 

(112,311)

(352,971)

828,931 

9,718

(174,713)

(164,995)

 (485,813)

 (802,676)

 (102,356)

 (480,830)

 (70,616)

 (343,147)

 (605,527)

2,647 

(29,528)

 (26,881)

(13)

(3)

663,923 

(105,078) 

558,845 

 (632,411)

79,529 

 (552,882)

558,954 

 (552,882)

(109)

-

558,845 

 (552,882)

Profit/(Loss) for the year 

558,845 

(552,882)

Other comprehensive 
income

Items that will not be 
reclassified to profit or 
loss

Re-measurements of the 
defined benefit liability 

Tax related to re-
measurements of the 
defined benefit liability

Other comprehensive 
income/(loss), net of tax

Total comprehensive 
income/(loss)

Total comprehensive 
income/(loss) 
attributable to:

 –
Company

owners of the 

 –
controlling interests

non-

15

17

9,503

 (5,891)

(1,479)

(45)

8,024

(5,936)

566,869 

 (558,818)

566,978  

 (558,818)

(109)

-

Total comprehensive 
income/(loss)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

566,869 

 (558,818)

Chief Executive Officer
Alexandru - Aurelian Chirita

Chief Financial Officer
Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

07 March 2023

Basic and diluted earnings/(loss) 
per share (RON)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

1.65

13

(1.63)

Chief Executive Officer
Alexandru - Aurelian Chirita

Chief Financial Officer
Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

07 March 2023

.

.

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334

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                            
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (OMFP 2844/2016)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (OMFP 2844/2016)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

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337

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (OMFP 2844/2016)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (OMFP 2844/2016)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

Note

2022

2021

Note

2022

2021

Cash flows from operating activities

Profit/(Loss) for the year

558,845

(552,882)

Adjustments for:

Depreciation 

Amortisation

Capitalised costs of intangible non-
current assets

Reversal of impairment of property, plant 
and equipment and intangible assets, net

(Gain)/Loss on disposal of property, plant 
and equipment and intangible assets 

Impairment of trade and other 
receivables, net

Impairment of assets held for sale

Change in provisions, net

Net finance cost

Changes due to employee benefits

Share of loss of associates

Income tax expense/(benefit)

22

23

23

22,23

22,23

18,19

28

12

14

24

17

Changes in:

Trade receivables

Subsidies receivable

Other receivables

Prepayments

Inventories

Trade payables

Other payables

Provisions and employee benefits

Deferred revenue

 19,915

 514,203

(989,291)

(5)

(393)

 112,311

 -

 18,779

 164,995

(4,358)

13

105,078

500,092

 (1,286,734)

(1,280,788)

(138,335) 

(8,840)

(41,014)

 494,611

722,407 

 (6,454)

 15,088

21,118 

459,712 

-

(3,942)

2,651 

70,616 

646 

15,684 

26,881 

5,054

3

(79,529)

(33,988)

(391,401)

-

(22,904)

(2,217)

(2,892)

274,825 

32,504 

3,166 

4,033 

Cash used in operating activities

(1,029,967)

(138,874)                   

Interest paid

Income tax paid

(149,397)

 (1,232)

(24,110)

(31,366)

Cash flows from investing 
activities
Payments for purchases 
of property, plant and 
equipment
Payments for network 
construction related to 
concession agreements
Payments for purchase of 
other intangible assets
Proceeds from sale of 
property, plant and 
equipment
Interest received
Acquisition of investments 
in associates
Payments for acquisition 
of subsidiaries, net of 
cash acquired
Restricted cash
Net cash flow used in 
investing activities

Cash flows from financing 
activities
Proceeds from long-term 
bank borrowings
Proceeds from overdrafts
Repayment of long-term 
bank loans
Payment of lease 
liabilities
Dividends paid
Net cash generated 
from(used in)/ financing 
activities

23

24

31

20

29

29

25

(8,295)

 (10,490)

 (537,782)

 (483,808)

(7,829)

 (6,306)

614

2,847

(3)

(4,452)

-

(554,900)

217,561

1,900,371
(92,925)

(24,163)

(152,291)

1,469 

1,765 

(25,813)

-

320,000

(203,183)

234,690 

-
 (385,851)

 (15,226)

 (247,615)

1,848,553

 (414,002)

113,057

Net increase/(decrease) 
in cash and cash 
equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents 
at 1 January
Reclassification of 
overdrafts previously 
presented as cash and 
cash equivalents
Cash and cash 
equivalents at 31 
December 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

(405,572)

334,887

627,402

20

20

20

 (811,535)

405,963

-

(405,572)

Net cash flow used in operating activities

(1,180,596)

(194,350)                   

(Continued on next page) 

Chief Executive Officer
Alexandru - Aurelian Chirita

Chief Financial Officer
Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

07 March 2023

The non-cash transactions are disclosed in Note 20.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)
AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)
AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

Basis of preparation

1 Reporting entity and general information 

(a) General information about the Group

These financial statements are the consolidated financial statements of Societatea Energetica 
Electrica S.A. (“the Company” or “Electrica SA”) and its subsidiaries (together “the Group”) as at and 
for the year ended 31 December 2022. 

The  registered  office  of  the  Company  is  no.  9,  Grigore  Alexandrescu  Street,  District  1, 
Bucharest, Romania. The Company has sole registration code 13267221 and Trade Register registra-
tion number J40/7425/2000.

As  at  31  December  2022  and  31  December  2021,  the  major  shareholder  of  Societatea 
Energetica Electrica S.A. is the Romanian State, represented by the Ministry of Energy with a share 
of ownership of 48.79% from the share capital.

The Company’s shares are listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange and the global depository 
receipts (“GDRs”) are listed on the London Stock Exchange. The shares traded on the London Stock 
Exchange are the global depositary receipts, one global depositary receipt representing four shares. 
The Bank of New York Mellon is the depositary bank for these securities.

As at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, the Company’s subsidiaries are the following:

Subsidiary

Activity

Sole registration 
code

Head Office

% shareholding as at 
31 December 2022

% shareholding as at 
31 December 2021

Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania 
S.A. (“DEER”)

Electricity dis-
tribution in geo-
graphical areas 
Transilvania Nord, 
Transilvania Sud 
and Muntenia Nord

Electrica Furnizare 
S.A.

Electricity and nat-
ural gas supply

Electrica Serv S.A.

Services in the en-
ergy sector (main-
tenance, repairs, 
construction)

Electrica Productie 
Energie S.A.

Electricity gener-
ation

Electrica Energie 
Verde 1 SRL* 
(“EEV1” – formerly 
Long Bridge 
Milenium SRL)

Electricity gener-
ation

Sunwind Energy 
S.R.L.

Electricity gener-
ation

New Trend Energy 
S.R.L.

Electricity gener-
ation

14476722

Cluj-Napoca

99.99999929%

99.99999929%

28909028

Bucuresti

99.9998444099934% 99.9998415011992%

17329505

Bucuresti

99.99998095%

99.99998095%

44854129

Bucuresti

99.9920%

99.9920%

19157481

Bucuresti

100%*

100%*

42910478

Constanta

42921590

Constanta

60%

60%

-

-

Green Energy 
Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L.
*indirect shareholding - Electrica Energie Verde 1 SRL is 100% owned by the subsidiary Electrica 
Productie Energie S.A.

Electricity gener-
ation

29172101

Prahova

75%

-

As at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, the Company’s associates are the following:

Associate

Activity

Sole registration 
code

Head Office

% shareholding 
as at 31 
December 2022

% shareholding 
as at 31 
December 2021

Crucea Power 
Park SRL
Sunwind Energy 
SRL
New Trend 
Energy SRL
Foton Power 
Energy S.R.L.

Electricity gener-
ation
Electricity gener-
ation
Electricity gener-
ation
Electricity gener-
ation

25242042

Constanta

30%

42910478

Constanta

42921590

Constanta

-

-

30%

30%

30%

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Changes in Group structure during 2022

Acquisition of shares in subsidies

On 21 March 2022, the Group acquired an additional 30% of the shares and voting interests 
in Sunwind Energy S.R.L.. As a result, the Group’s equity interest increased from 30% to 60%, gran-
ting control of Sunwind Energy S.R.L.. (for further details please see Note 31). 

On 27 May 2022, the Group acquired an additional 30% of the shares and voting interests in 
New Trend Energy S.R.L.. As a result, the Group’s equity interest increased from 30% to 60%, gran-
ting control of New Trend Energy S.R.L.. (for further details please see Note 31). 

On 6 September 2022, Electrica acquired 75% of Green Energy Consultancy & Investments 

S.R.L.  shares granting control of the entity (for further details please see Note 31). 

Group’s main activities

The main activities of the Group include operation and construction of electricity distributi-
on networks and electricity and natural gas supply to final consumer as well as energy production 
from renewable sources. The Group is the electricity distribution operator and the main electricity 
supplier  in  Muntenia  Nord  area  (Prahova,  Buzau,  Dambovita,  Braila,  Galati  and  Vrancea  counties), 
Transilvania Nord area (Cluj, Maramures, Satu Mare, Salaj, Bihor and Bistrita Nasaud counties) and 
Transilvania  Sud  area  (Brasov,  Alba,  Sibiu,  Mures,  Harghita  and  Covasna  counties),  operating  with 
transformation station and 0.4 kV to 110 kV power lines. 

The Company’s distribution subsidiary, Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A. which re-
sulted  from  the  merger  through  absorption  of  the  three  distribution  subsidiaries  Societatea  de 
Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Nord S.A., Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice 
Muntenia Nord S.A. and Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Sud S.A. now ope-
rates electric lines in 18 counties, from three geographical areas of the country, representing 40.7% 
of  the  Romanian  territory,  and  serves  over  3.8  million  users.  It  invoices  the  electricity  distribution 
service to electricity suppliers (mainly to Electrica Furnizare S.A. subsidiary) which further invoices 
the electricity consumption to final consumers.

Electrica Furnizare S.A. is active on both the competitive market and as the supplier of last 
resort  for  aprox.  3.5  million  clients  (defined  as  supplier  designated  by  the  regulatory  authority  to 
deliver  the  universal  service  of  electricity  supply  under  specific  regulated  conditions)  in  Muntenia 
Nord, Transilvania Nord and Transilvania Sud areas. In 2022 Electrica Furnizare S.A. was supplier of 
last resort (SoLR) nominated for electricity in February, March, July and December. For the natural 
gas  supply  activity,  EFSA  was  SoLR  nominated  in  September  2022.  At  the  same  time,  Electrica 
Furnizare  S.A.  ensures  the  supply  of  electricity  for  household  customers  supplied  under  universal 
service regime.

Through the acquisition of the new subsidiary Electrica Energie Verde 1 S.R.L. (formerly Long 
Bridge Milenium S.R.L.) as of 31 August 2020, establishment of a new legal entity Electrica Productie 
Energie S.A. and also the five shares sales and purchase agreements in five project companies having 
as main activity the production of energy from renewable sources the Group entered on the electri-
city generation segment, in particular from renewable sources. 

Electrica Energie Verde 1 S.R.L. is a producer of electricity from renewable sources, operating 
a photovoltaic park in Stanesti, Giurgiu county, with an installed capacity of MW 7.5 (operating capa-
city limited MW to 6.8). In 2022 the operation of the plant was continuous, with no significant events 
leading to production shutdowns, producing in total MWh 10,466 (2021: MWh 9,767). According to 
Law no. 220/2008 and based on the accreditation issued by ANRE, Stanesti park receives a number 
of 6 green certificates (“GC”) for each MWh produced and delivered, of which until 2020, 4 GC were 
issued for trading and 2 GC were postponed (the amendment is introduced by Law no. 184/2018). 
The postponed green certificates will be reinserted starting from 1 January 2021, in equal monthly 
tranches until 31 December 2030. 

(b) Regulations in the energy sector

Regulatory environment

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43652555

Constanta

30%

            30%

The activity in the energy sector is regulated by the Romanian Energy Regulatory Authority.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Some of the main responsibilities of ANRE are to approve prices and tariffs and to issue sub-

stantiation methodologies used to set regulated prices and tariffs. 

programme; revenues generated from other operations made by the distribution operator and the 
quantity of electricity recovered from recalculations.

Electricity distribution

In  2019,  a  new  regulatory  period  began,  governed  by  the  provisions  of  ANRE  Order  no. 
169/2018 for the approval of the Methodology for establishing the tariffs for the electricity distribu-
tion service (IV regulatory period: 2019-2023).

The following items are considered by ANRE when setting the target revenue for one year of 
the regulatory period: controllable and non-controllable operating and maintenance costs; costs of 
electricity purchased for own technological consumption (related to distribution network); regulated 
depreciation charge; the return on the regulated assets base (“RAB”); revenues from reactive energy 
and revenues from other activities, as well as corrections from previous periods.

Starting with 13 May 2020, the regulated rate of return („RRR”) of BAR is 6.39% to which is 

added:

 – 1% incentive for new investments in RED, approved by ANRE;
 – 2%  incentive  for  investments  in  the  electricity  distribution  network  financed  from  own 
funds in projects in which European non-reimbursable funds are also attracted, if the in-
vestments are performed and put into function by operators after 1 February 2021, appro-
ved by ANRE;

 – 1% incentive for investments in projects of common interest (PIC), approved by ANRE.

Regarding the costs of electricity purchased for own technological consumption (“NL”):
 – ANRE has the right to correct the projection of distribution tariffs for a regulatory period 
or for one year, if there have been significant variations in prices on the electricity market, 
which lead to an important change in distribution service costs; 

 – at  the  justified  request  of  the  Distribution  Operator,  the  regulated  revenue  of  year  t  +  1 
may include a cost adjustment of regulated network losses (“NL”) forecast for year t + 1, 
by changing the reference price, depending on the evolution of prices on the electricity 
market and the result of the analysis of the evolution of tariffs for the current regulatory 
period.

In 2022, according to the Government’s emergency ordinance (GEO) no. 119/2022, the addi-
tional costs for purchased electricity (determined as the difference between the realized costs and 
the costs included in the approved distribution tariffs), made between 1 January 2022 and 31 August 
2023, in order to cover the own technological consumption, compared to the costs included in the 
tariffs regulated (and not only borrowings), are capitalized quarterly and remunerated with 50% of 
the regulated rate of return (RRR) approved by ANRE, applicable during the amortization period of 
the respective costs and are recognized as a distinctive component in the regulated tariffs, called the 
component related to additional costs with NL. Also, ANRE elaborated the Methodological norms 
regarding the recognition in the tariffs of the additional costs with the acquisition of electricity for 
covering the network losses compared to the costs included in the regulated tariffs, the purpose of 
these norms is to establish the substantiation of additional costs with the purchase of electricity to 
cover the NL, as well as the conditions for their recognition in the regulated income, based on which 
the distribution tariffs are established.

According to the Government’s Emergency Ordinance (“GEO”) no. 153/2022 during the pe-
riod 1 January 2023 – 31 March 2025 is established the centralized electricity purchasing mechanism, 
OPCOM being designated the sole purchaser. The distribution operators (“OD”) will buy from OPCOM 
through  an  annual/monthly  mechanism  at  least  75%  of  the  quantity  forecasted  and  validated  by 
National Authority for Energy Regulation (“ANRE”) at the price of 450 RON/MWh, and the produ-
cers  will  sell  to  OPCOM  through  annual/monthly  mechanism  80%  of  the  quantity  forecasted  and 
validated by ANRE and Transelectrica at the price of 450 RON/MWh.

Tariff adjustments

Annually,  ANRE  makes  revenue  corrections  due  to:  change  in  the  quantities  of  electricity 
distributed compared to the forecast; change in quantities and acquisition price for the regulated 
own technological consumption compared to the forecast; the annual change in controllable opera-
ting  and  maintenance  costs,  realized  and  accepted  against  the  forecast;  annual  change  in  uncon-
trollable operating and maintenance costs compared to the forecast; changes in revenues from reac-
tive  energy  compared  to  the  forecast;  failure  to  meet/exceeding  the  approved  investments 

The  regulator  establishes  through  the  regulated  income  and  tariffs  for  the  following  year 
taking into account the justified corrections presented above, which are added algebraically to the 
income for the following year. The group does not recognize assets and liabilities resulting from re-
gulation in relation to these deficits or surpluses, as the differences are recovered or returned throu-
gh the annual tariff changes, except the capitalised costs with own technological consumption. The 
difference between the purchase price of electricity for own technological consumption versus the 
ex-ante purchase price recognized by ANRE in the related regulated tariffs 2022 related to the pur-
chase of electricity and natural gas, made between 1 January 2022 and 31 August 2023, in order to 
cover  the  own  technological  consumption  (NL)  for  economic  operators  for  energy  transport  and 
distribution services are capitalised. These are recognized as a distinctive component in the regula-
ted tariffs, named component related to additional network losses costs.

Electricity supply

The regulatory framework has undergone significant changes over the past decade, inclu-
ding the liberalization of electricity and natural gas markets, the separation of supply and distributi-
on activities, the implementation of the support scheme for renewable energy, the support of elec-
tricity prosumers and the capping of prices to final customers.

In 2022 the electricity market was completely liberalized for all categories of customers and 
the price was established by suppliers through free market mechanisms, both for universal service 
offers and for the offers related to the competitive market.

Regulated market

Starting with 1 November 2021, in the context of the increase in prices for the electricity and 
natural gas markets at international and national level, the energy crisis, as well as the effects caused 
by these increases among the population, in Romania, a series of support measures for electricity 
and natural gas customers have been applied, by establishing compensation and capping schemes 
between 1 November 2021 and 31 March 2025.

Competitive market

Transactions on the competitive wholesale market are transparent, public, centralised and 
non-discriminatory. Participants to the wholesale market can trade electricity based on the bilateral 
contracts concluded on the dedicated markets.

The following support mechanisms have been put in place: 
 – compensation  of  household  consumers  for  part  of  the  costs  incurred  by  the  electricity 

invoices (1 November 2021 until 31 March 2022);

 – capping the selling price for household and non-household consumers (1 November 2021 

– 31 March 2025);

 – exemption  (1  November  2021  until  31  January  2022)  of  several  types  of  non-household 

consumers from payment of regulated tariffs and other taxes/contributions.

The  amounts  compensated  will  be  received  from  the  National  Agency  for  Payments  and 
Social  Inspection  for  household  consumers  and  a  from  the  Ministry  of  Energy  for  non-household 
consumers. (for further details please refer to Note 18)

Over 2022, several changes have been brought to the legislation, having a significant impact 

on the supply of electricity, as follows: 

 – The  withdrawal  of  the  capped  price  for  electricity  for  household  customers  with  con-
sumption over 255 KWh/month and the limitation of the capped price for non-domestic 
customers (limitation of both the quantities and categories of non-domestic customers); 
 – The limitation of the average purchase price considered for determining the amounts to 
be recovered from the state budget to 1,300 RON/MWh; except of the purchase intended 
for supply as a last resort, where this limitation does not apply;

 – The obligation to store natural gas of a minimum 30% of the natural gas required for the 

consumption of final customers from their own portfolio;

 – The obligation of natural gas producers to sell at the price of 150 RON/MWh the necessary 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
quantities to the suppliers of domestic customers/heat energy producers.

 – On 1 January 2023 - 31 March 2025, the centralized electricity purchase mechanism (MA-

technological  consumption,  also  with  no  significant  difficulties  in  receivables  collection  and  con-
sequently payment of debts being noted.

CEE) is established.

 – The mechanism provides - OPCOM, as sole acquirer, buys electricity from producers (elec-
tricity  producers  with  an  installed  power  equal  to  or  greater  than  10  MW)  and  sells  the 
purchased electricity to electricity suppliers that have contracts with final customers, the 
transmission system operator electricity and distribution system operators electricity to 
cover their own technological consumption; the price paid by OPCOM to electricity pro-
ducers, for the quantities of electricity sold by them is 450 RON/MWh and the sale price 
of  OPCOM  to  the  economic  operators  is  also  450  RON/MWh  (OPCOM  has  the  right  to 
charge market participants tariffs/commissions at the level of costs recorded by organi-
zing the centralized  electricity purchase mechanism); In  order to carry out the transac-
tions,  OPCOM  shall  organize  an  annual  procurement  procedure  as  well  as  an  additional 
procurement procedure each month for the quantities of electricity to be delivered in the 
following month; annual and monthly electricity quantities are firm obligations of electri-
city producers and economic operators and are evenly distributed across all settlement in-
tervals each month (contracts are concluded by signing, within maximum 3 working days).

Green certificates

Electricity suppliers have a legal obligation to purchase green certificates from producers of 
electricity from renewable sources, based on annual targets or quotas set by law, which are applied 
to the quantity of electricity purchased and supplied to final consumers. The cost of green certifica-
tes is invoiced to final consumers separately from the tariffs for electricity.

Electricity generation

Green certificates 

In accordance to Law no. 220/2008, electricity producers are entitled by to receive a certain 
number of green certificates (“GC”) for each MWh of electricity produced from renewable sources 
depending  on  the  renewable  energy  type  used  (i.e.  hydro,  wind,  solar,  geothermal,  biomass,  bio-
liquids, biogas) and injected into the network, for a specific period of time, depending also on the 
degree of novelty of the group/power plant. 

Starting  from  February  2013,  the  Stanesti  photovoltaic  park  has  the  right  to  receive  (the 
month from which it started injecting electricity into the network), for a period of 15 (fifteen) years, 
6  (six)  green  certificates  for  each  MWh  of  electricity  produced  and  delivered  to  the  grid,  out  of 
which, for the period  1 July 2013 – 31 December 2020, according to Law 23/2014 and Law 184/2018, 
2 (two) green certificates were postponed from trading. Those two GC postponed from trading are 
to be recovered in equal monthly tranches starting from 1 January 2021 until 31 December 2030. 

The green certificates issued by Transelectrica for the production made by the Stanesti pho-
tovoltaic park, during the validity period of the accreditation decision issued by ANRE, can be tra-
ded, according to GEO 24/2017, until 31 March  2032, respectively including the period after the ex-
piration  of  the  validity  period  of  the  accreditation  decision  (31  January  2028  in  the  case  of  the 
Stanesti photovoltaic park).

Increase in Energy price impact 

Following the total liberalization of the electricity market from 1 January 2021 for all types of 
consumers, the international context of the energy markets characterized by an imbalance between 
supply and demand at European level, corroborated with the energy policies developed both at EU 
and national level, has led to an increase in electricity prices. Moreover, the strong increase in energy 
prices is both the result of external factors, such as the exponential increase in the price of emission 
allowances,  and  of  internal  factors,  such  as  the  high  share  of  energy  traded  on  the  spot  market 
(DAM). The entire energy sector was affected by the increased energy price.

The aforementioned difficult conditions led to an increase in operating expenses, mainly for 
the acquisition of energy for network losses and for supplying activity. The unstable economic en-
vironment, led to a decrease in financial performance for 2021, but during 2022 the financial perfor-
mance  has  significantly  improved,  due  to  electricity  acquisition  security  measures  for  the  supply 
segment  and  for  distribution  segment  has  benefit  by  capitalisation  of  additional  costs  with  own 

Due to the recent changes in the global energy market, including EU, each EU member state 
had to amend legal framework for the energy sector in order to protect the civil society interests on 
the one hand and, on the other hand to ensure a proper equilibrium and functionality on the local 
energy market by supporting also the utilities energy suppliers.

As a result, for the distribution segment, Romanian Regulatory Authority for Energy – ANRE 
(https://www.anre.ro/) has to adopt similar measures through its Order 129/12.10.2022 approving the 
Methodological Norms regarding the recognition in the tariffs of the additional costs with the acqu-
isition of electricity for covering the network losses compared to the costs included in the regulated 
tariffs, carried out between 1 January 2022 – 31 August 2023. 

This change in energy sector has generated a new reporting requirement for an accounting 
treatment  in  place  to  cover  own  technological  consumption  and  it  was  updated  in  the  OMFP 
2844/2016 i.e. it now allows the capitalization of such additional costs related to own technological 
consumption  („CPT”)  as  intangible  asset  which  has  to  be  depreciated  linearly  over  next  5  years 
(please see note 6 and 23). 

According  to  ANRE  regulations,  the  capitalised  costs  of  intangible  non-current  assets  are 
recorded in the accounting records and therefore on the annual financial statements according to 
OMFP 2844/2016 with the instructions developed by the Ministry of Finance. ANRE will determine 
the recognized annual amounts of the capitalized costs based on the quantities and prices recogni-
zed for NL, and by 15 March of the year immediately following the year of capitalization of the addi-
tional costs, ANRE will transmit to the distribution operators the recognized annual amounts   of the 
capitalized costs for the previous year. The computation of the capitalized amounts is carried out in 
compliance with the legislation specific to the entities that are the subject of GEO 119/2022, with 
subsequent additions and changes.

The changes brought by OUG 119/2022 are changes the recuperation of the  NL by splitting 
it in current operating expenses (“OPEX”) and capitalised costs (“CAPEX”), there is a portion of unit 
costs recuperated at cost at 450 RON/MWh (ex-ante tariffs) and for the difference above this level 
of 450 RON/MWh up to the effective average price, there is a linear depreciation over 5 years stipu-
lated with return at 50% of Regulated Rate of Return (RRR).

For  the  supply  segment,  in  2022  the  effect  of  retail  prices  for  electricity  was  covered  as 
grants received from the state aithorities, as a result of the application of the mechanism of capping 
the prices for electricity and natural gas, following the enacting of Ordinances 118/2021 and 119/2022, 
the electricity prices for certain categories of households and industrial consumers has been capped 
to a certain level. The difference between the capped level and the average acquisition prices in the 
period to which a margin has been allowed, is recoverable from the state authorities.

The Group actively reviews and implements policies and strategies to recover from the loss 
generated by the increase in energy price, strategies which mainly aim in revising the method of ge-
nerating the selling price for final consumers, concluding agreements with specific clauses ensuring 
new  financing  facilities,  closely  monitoring  suppliers  and  consumers  payment  terms,  monitoring 
daily cash flow and forecasted cash flow. The Group continues to closely monitor the macroecono-
mic  outlook  and  as  additional  information  will  be  available,  their  effects  on  the  activity  of  Group 
companies and over the financial results will be analyzed.

Geopolitical tensions

In February 2022 global geopolitical tensions significantly escalated following military inter-
ventions in Ukraine by the Russian Federation. As a result of these escalations, economic uncertain-
ties in energy and capital markets have increased, with global energy prices expected to be highly 
volatile for the foreseeable future.  As at the date of these consolidated financial statements, mana-
gement is unable to reliably estimate the effects on the Groups financial outlook and cannot exclude 
adverse consequence on the business, operations, and financial position. Management believes it is 
taking all the necessary measures to support the sustainability and growth of the Group’s business 
in  the  current  circumstances  and  that  judgements  used  in  these  financial  statements  remain 
appropriate.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2 Basis of accounting 

These  annual  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with 
OMFP no. 2844/2016. The consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue by the Board 
of Directors on 07 March 2023 and will be submitted for shareholders’ approval in the meeting sche-
duled on 28 April 2023.

These consolidated financial statements are not in compliance with IFRS-EU.

This is the first set of the Group’s annual financial statements in which is included the additi-
onal  costs  with  the  purchase  of  electricity  made  between  1  January  2022  and  31  August  2023,  in 
order to cover the own technological consumption (NL) for economic operators for energy transport 
and distribution services are capitalized quarterly, the first asset being recorded on 30 September 
2022. The Order of Ministry of Public Finances (OMFP) no. 3900/2022 was issued and brings additi-
onal accounting specifications to the accounting regulations in force to OMFP no. 2844/2016, which 
provided the financial-accounting treatment applied to the not recovered through the tariff additio-
nal costs related to the own technological consumption of the distribution operators (OD).

Except the above new current accounting treatment as issued by Ministry of Finance, the 
Group has consistently applied the accounting policies to all periods presented in these consolidated 
financial statements. Details of the Group’s accounting policies are included in Note 6. 

3 Functional and presentation currency 

These consolidated financial statements are presented in Romanian Lei (RON), which is the 
functional currency of all Group companies. All amounts have been rounded to the nearest thousand, 
unless otherwise indicated.

4 Use of judgements and estimates 

In preparing these consolidated financial statements, management has made judgements, 
estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  application  of  the  Group’s  accounting  policies  and  the 
reported  amounts  of  assets,  liabilities,  income  and  expenses.  Actual  results  may  differ  from  these 
estimates.  Estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing  basis.  Revisions  to 
estimates are recognised prospectively.

(a) Judgements   

Information about judgements made in applying accounting policies that have the most sig-
nificant effects on the amounts recognised in the consolidated financial statements is included below.

Revenue recognition 

The Group assesses its revenue arrangements based on specific criteria to determine if it is 
acting as a principal or an agent. The Group has identified that it acts in the capacity of an agent in 
case of transactions as Balancing Responsible Party (“BRP”) and thus recognises revenue as the net 
amount of the commission earned by the Group. The Group concluded that it is acting as a principal 
in all other revenue arrangements.

Service Concession Arrangements 

The distribution subsidiaries (as operators) that merged into one single distribution operator 
as of 31 December 2020 concluded concession contracts with the Ministry of Economy (as grantor) 
in 2005, updated by subsequent addendums. These contracts concern the operation of electricity 
distribution service in the established territory (Transilvania Nord, Transilvania Sud, Muntenia Nord), 
on the risk and responsibility of the operators and taking into account the regulations applicable to 
the operation, modernization, rehabilitation and development of energy distribution networks speci-
fied in the Electricity Law, the terms and conditions of the licenses for electricity distribution and the 
regulations issued by ANRE. The distribution operator resulting from the merger of the three distri-
bution operators within the Group, Distributie Energie Electrica Romania concluded addendums to 
the concession agreements signed with the Ministry of Economy for the operation of electricity dis-
tribution service in all three areas.

IFRIC 12 “Service Concession Arrangements” deals with public-to-private service concession 

arrangements. IFRIC 12 applies to public-to-private service concession arrangements if:

(a) the grantor controls or regulates what services the operator must provide with the in-

frastructure, to whom it must provide them, and at what price; and

(b) the grantor controls - through ownership, beneficial entitlement or otherwise - any signi-

ficant residual interest in the infrastructure at the end of the term of the arrangement.

The control or regulation referred to in condition (a) could be by contract or otherwise (such 
as through a regulator). The activities of the electricity distribution operators, including distribution 
tariffs, are regulated by ANRE.

The concession contracts are concluded for a period of 49 years and may be extended for a 
period equal to no more than half of that period. As a price for the concession, the operators pay an 
annual royalty fee recognized in the distribution tariff of 1/1000 of the revenues from electricity dis-
tribution. According to the concession contracts, the operators use the assets representing the dis-
tribution network owned by them located in the above-mentioned territory for electricity distributi-
on. According to the concession contracts, the grantor will buy at the end of the term of concession 
contract the ownership right of the “relevant assets”, that are mainly the electricity distribution ne-
tworks, at a price equal to the value of the regulated assets base at the end of the concession.

Within the arrangements, the Group incurs significant expenditure in relation to the develo-
pment and maintenance of the infrastructure. The construction works are either outsourced by the 
Group to sub-contractors, or performed internally. Significant management judgment is involved in 
accounting for the concession arrangements under IFRIC 12, including those in respect of the recog-
nition  of  revenue  based  on  the  separation  of  construction  or  upgrade  services  from  operation 
services. 

The concessionaires act as service suppliers (they build, modernize and maintain the distri-
bution network). This results in revenues and expenditures being recognized in the profit and loss 
account (related to the construction and modernization of infrastructure), as well as of a margin re-
sulting from rendering the construction services establised by the Group. The 3% margin applied is 
determined based on the Group’s experience in working with external contractors. 

(b) Assumptions and estimation uncertainties    

Information  about  assumptions  and  estimation  uncertainties  that  may  result  in  a  material 

adjustment in the subsequent twelve month period is included in the following notes:

 y Nota  6  c)  –  assumptions  regarding  recognition  of  revenue  from  supply  and  distribution 
of electricity to consumers based on estimates for electricity delivered and for which no 
reading was performed yet;

 y Notes 18 and 30 – assumptions and estimates about measurement of the allowance for 
trade receivables at the level of expected credit losses (ECL), respectively in determining 
the loss rates; 

 y Notes 28 and 33 – recognition and measurement of provisions and contingencies;
 y Note 18 – assumptions and estimates of amounts to be received from the state following 

the application of the compensation and capping scheme.

Measurement of fair values

A number of the Group’s accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair 

values, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.

When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Group uses market observable 
data as far as possible. Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based 
on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:

 y Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, which 

the Group can access;

 y Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the as-

set or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices);

 y Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (un-

observable inputs).

If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability might be categorised in 
different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorised in its enti-
rety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the 
entire measurement.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Group recognises transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the 

reporting period during which the change has occurred.

available to cover any financing requirements arising from market uncertainty and Group will be able 
to meet its obligations as they fall due. 

Further information about the assumptions made in measuring fair values is included in the 

following notes:

 y Note 30 – Financial instruments;
 y Note 22 – Property, plant and equipment.

Accounting policies

5 Basis of measurement 

Based upon the above projections and other information, given the measures already imple-
mented and the strategies to reduce the risks which may occur due to the instability of the economic 
environment, the Board of Directors has, at the time of approving the consolidated financial state-
ments, a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational 
existence for the foreseeable future. Thus they continue to adopt the going concern basis of accoun-
ting in preparing the consolidated financial statements.

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except 

for the land and buildings which are measured based on the revaluation model. 

(b) Basis of consolidation

(i) Subsidiaries   

6 Significant accounting policies 

The Group has consistently applied the following accounting policies to all periods presen-
ted in these consolidated financial statements, except for the accounting treatment of capitalization 
of additional costs with the purchase of electricity for own technological consumption (NL) for the 
distribution  subsidiary,  as  stipulated  by  OMFP  no.  3900/2022  which  brings  additional  accounting 
specifications to the accounting regulations in force, OMFP no. 2844/2016.

OMFP no. 3900/2022 is applicable for NL costs that are not recuperated in tariffs, realized 
between 01 January 2022 and 31 August 2023, therefore there is no need to have comparative infor-
mation and the Group presents the impact of this amendment in the consolidated financial state-
ments for the year ended 31 December 2022.

Except the above, the new amendments to existing standards that are effective starting with 
1  January  2022  do  not  have  a  significant  impact  over  the  Group’s  consolidated  financial 
statements.

(a) Going concern

The  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  the  going  concern  basis.  In 
making this judgement management considers current trading performance and access to finance 
resources. The Group has prepared a forecast that includes the following assumptions:

 y A  continuation  of  the  support  scheme  until  31  March  2025  according  to  the  applicable 
legislation but with a more stable flow of repayments of the reimbursement requests for 
subsidies as compared with last year, as the mechanism has been operationally improved;
 y The utilization of confirmed  debt facilities up  to  a limit of  RON 4,948,373 thousand, in-
cluding RON thousand 2,891,660 thousand overdraft limits (out of which RON 2,571,037 
thousand used until 31.12.2022 - please see Note 29) and RON 2,056,713 thousand long 
term loans limit (out of which RON 760,713 thousand long term loans used until 31.12.2022 
- please see Note 29);

 y The utilization of not yet confirmed facilities amounting to RON 283,000 thousand and 
limits for factoring without recourse for the requests for reimbursement for the subsidies 
under  the  support  scheme  amounting  to  RON  350,000  thousand  which  will  be  drawn 
during the forecast period;

 y Also, the Group obtained the approval of the GSM to perform one or more bond issuance 
within a ceiling of up to 900,000 thousand RON in the period 2022-2023, mainly for the 
development of green energy generation projects. Depending on market context, a first 
issuance of up to RON 650,000 thousand in the second part of 2023 is envisaged, and 
until its use in the operationalization of green energy production projects, the respective 
amounts attracted will be able to be used as a liquidity buffer at the Group level.

At the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements the regulatory position 
may be further amended and there may be further laws enacted which could adversely impact the 
Groups operating cash flows during the forecast period. Given the current market uncertainties, the 
Group is closely monitoring the market context and is continuously analysing the opportunities for 
optimisation of debt and increase of bank overdrafts and long-term loans. In light of the importance 
of the Group as the supplier and distributed of electricity on the Romanian market, having 40.7 % 
(according to the latest ANRE report 2021 for the distribution segment) as market share on the elec-
tricity  distribution  and  17.72  %  (according  to  the  latest  ANRE  report  October  2022  for  the  supply 
segment)  as  market  share  on  the  electricity  supply  market  and  having  as  main  shareholder  of 
Electrica  SA  the  Romanian  State,  the  management  believes  sufficient  financing  will  be  made 

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Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. The Group controls an entity when it is ex-
posed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to 
affect those returns through its power over the entity. Subsidiaries are included in the consolidation 
perimeter from the date that control commences until the date on which control ceases.

(ii) Loss of control   

On the loss of control, the Group derecognizes the assets and liabilities of the subsidiary, any 
non-controlling interests and the other components of equity related to the subsidiary. Any surplus 
or deficit arising on the loss of control is recognized in profit or loss. If the Group retains any interest 
in the previous subsidiary, then such interest is measured at fair value at the date that control is lost. 
Subsequently that retained interest is accounted for as an equity-accounted investee or as an avai-
lable-for-sale financial asset depending on the level of influence retained.

(iii) Non-controlling interests   

The  Group  measures  any  non-controlling  interests  in  the  subsidiary  at  their  proportionate 

share of the subsidiary’s identifiable net assets.

Changes in the Group’s interest in a subsidiary that do not result in a loss of control are ac-
counted for as equity transactions. Adjustments to non-controlling interests are based on a propor-
tionate amount of the net assets of the subsidiary.

(iv) Transactions eliminated on consolidation   

Intra-group balances and transactions, and any unrealized income and expenses arising from 

intra-group transactions, are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements. 

Unrealized  gains  arising  from  transactions  with  equity-accounted  investees  are  eliminated 
against  the  investment  to  the  extent  of  the  Group’s  interest  in  the  investee.  Unrealized  losses  are 
eliminated in the same way as unrealized gains, but only to the extent that there is no evidence of 
impairment.

(c) Business combinations

.

Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The considerati-
on transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of 
the acquisition-date fair values of assets transferred by the Group, liabilities incurred by the Group to 
the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interest issued by the Group in exchange for con-
trol of the acquiree. Acquisition-related costs are recognised in profit or loss as incurred.

(d) Revenue

Revenue is recognized when or as the customer acquires control over the goods or services 
rendered, at the amount which reflects the price at which the Group is expected to be entitled to 
receive in exchange of those goods or services. Revenue is recognized at the fair value of the servi-
ces rendered or goods delivered, net of VAT, excises or other taxes related to the sale.

Supply and distribution of electricity

The  revenue  from  supply  and  distribution  of  electricity  to  consumers  is  recognized  when 
electricity is delivered to consumers (consumed by consumers), based on meter readings and based 
on estimates for electricity delivered and for which no reading was performed yet. The invoicing of 
electricity  sales  is  performed  on  a  monthly  basis.  Monthly  electricity  invoices  are  based  on  meter 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
readings or on estimated consumptions based on the historical data of each consumer. Electricity 
supplied to consumers which is not yet billed as at the reporting date is accrued on the basis of re-
cent average consumption or based on subsequent meter readings. Differences between estimated 
and actual amounts are recorded in subsequent periods. 

Revenues from electricity distribution and supply also include the cost of green certificates 

recharged by the Group to final consumers (see paragraph (k)). 

The Group acts in the capacity of an agent in case of transactions as Balancing Responsible 
Party (“BRP”). Thus, in its quality as an agent, the Group recognizes revenue for the commission ear-
ned in exchange for facilitating the transfer of goods or services. Any holder of a production/supply/
distribution license must be established as a Balancing Responsible Party or must delegate this res-
ponsibility to a Balancing Responsible Party. By delegating this responsibility to a BRP, there is the 
benefit of imbalance aggregation in the meaning of Balancing Market cost reduction by comparison 
with the case where the producer/supplier/distributor would act itself as a Balancing Responsible 
Party.  

Electrica Furnizare S.A. acts as BRP for a large number of participants, electricity producers 
as  well  as  electricity  suppliers  and  distribution  operators.  For  the  settlement  of  imbalances,  BRP 
Electrica is using the “method of internal redistribution of payments”, ensuring benefits of imbalance 
aggregation for all the participants included in the BRP. BRP Electrica provides the transmission of 
physical notifications to CNTEE Transelectrica SA and its role is to balance the differences between 
the electricity contracted and the electricity measured at the level of the entire BRP.

Generation and sale of electricity

The electricity produced by the Group is mainly sold on the Day Ahead Market and the reve-

nue is recognized when the electricity is injected into the network and is being sold on the market.

Sale of green certificates

Electricity suppliers have a legal obligation to purchase green certificates from producers of 
electricity from renewable sources, based on annual targets or quotas set by law, which are applied 
to the quantity of electricity purchased and supplied to final customers. Cost of green certificates is 
invoiced to final customers separately from the tariffs for electricity.

Electricity producers are entitled by the law in force to receive a certain number of green 
certificates for each MWH of electricity produced from renewable sources and injected into the ne-
twork. The green certificates can be sold on the spot market, term market or a combination of both. 
The selling price must fall between the minimum and maximum values set by Law no. 220/2008 for 
establishing the system for promoting the production of electricity from renewable energy sources, 
republished,  with  subsequent  amendments.  Revenue  from  green  certificates  is  recognized  in  the 
profit or loss statement when the green certificates are sold on the trading market.

Rendering of services

.

Revenues  related  to  services  rendered  are  recognised  in  the  period  in  which  the  services 
were rendered based on statements of work performed, regardless of when paid or received, in ac-
cordance with the accrual basis.

Sales of goods

Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when the control of the goods has been transferred 
to a customer. Control refers to the customer’s ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all 
of the remaining benefits from, an asset.

Service concession arrangement

Revenue related to construction or upgrade services under service concession arrangement 
is recognised based on the stage of completion of the work performed, consistent with the accoun-
ting policy on recognising revenue on construction contracts, as follows:

 y Revenue in respect of variations to contracts and incentive payments is recognised when 
there is an enforceable right to payment and it is highly probable it will be agreed by the 
customer. Variable consideration is assessed on a contract by contract basis according to 
the facts, circumstances and terms of each project and only recognised to the extent that 

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it is highly probable not to significantly reverse in the future. Revenue in respect of claims 
is recognised only if it is highly probable not to reverse in future periods.

 y If the outcome of a construction contract can be estimated reliably, then contract revenue 
is recognised in profit or loss in proportion to the stage of completion of the contract. The 
stage of completion is assessed with reference to surveys of work performed. Otherwise, 
contract revenue is recognized only to the extent of contract costs incurred that are likely 
to be recoverable.

 y Contract expenses are recognized as incurred unless they create an asset related to future 
contract activity. An expected loss on a contract is recognised immediately as expense.

(e) Other income

Revenues from the subsidies

Revenues from subsidies are recognised in profit or loss on a systematic basis over the peri-
ods in which the Group recognises as expenses the related costs for which the grants are intended 
to compensate, as a result of the application of the electricity price cap. These subsidies are recove-
rable from the National Agency for Payments and Social Inspection for household consumers and 
from the Ministry of Energy for non-household consumers, as a result of the application of the elec-
tricity and natural gas price ceiling mechanism and are applicable for period 1 November 2021 – 31 
March  2025.  Starting  with  April  2022,  the  revenues  from  subsidies  are  recorded  as  the  difference 
between the income calculated at the contract price and the income invoiced to the customer at the 
capped price. 

(f) Repairs and maintenance

Repair and maintenance expense is recorded as the operating expense base on an accrual 

basis.

(g) Commissions

The  Group  assesses  its  revenue  arrangements  against  specific  criteria  to  determine  if  it  is 
acting as principal or agent. The Group has concluded that it is acting as a principal in all of its reve-
nue arrangements except for the transactions acting as Balancing Responsible Party. If the Group 
acts in the capacity of an agent rather than as the principal in a transaction, then the income recog-
nised is the net amount of commission earned by the Group.

(h) Finance income and finance costs

The Group’s finance income and finance costs include:
 y interest income;
 y interest expense;
 y foreign currency gains or losses on financial assets and financial liabilities; 
 y impairment losses recognised on financial assets (other than trade receivables).

Interest income or expense is recognised using the effective interest method. 

(i) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the functional currency at the exchange 

rates at the dates of the transactions.

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated to the func-
tional currency at the exchange rate at the reporting date, as communicated by the National Bank of 
Romania. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are 
translated  to  the  functional  currency  at  the  exchange  rate  when  the  fair  value  was  determined. 
Foreign currency differences are recognised in profit or loss. Non-monetary items that are measured 
based on historical cost in a foreign currency are not translated to the functional currency.

(j) Employee benefits

(i) Short-term employee benefits    

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Short-term employee benefits are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as 
the related service is provided. A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid if the 
Group has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service 
provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably.

(ii) Defined benefit plans    

The  Group’s  net  obligation  in  respect  of  defined  benefit  plans  is  calculated  separately  for 
each plan by estimating the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in the current and 
prior periods, discounting that amount.

The calculation of defined benefit obligations is performed annually by a qualified actuary 

using the projected unit credit method. 

Re-measurements  of  the  net  defined  benefit  liability,  which  comprise  actuarial  gains  and 
losses, are recognised immediately in other comprehensive income. The Group determines the net 
interest expense/(income) on the net defined benefit liability for the period by applying the discount 
rate  used  to  measure  the  defined  benefit  obligation  at  the  beginning  of  the  annual  period  to  the 
then-net defined benefit liability, taking into account any changes in the net defined benefit liability 
during the period as a result of contributions and benefit payments. Net interest expense and other 
expenses related to defined benefit plans are recognised in profit or loss.

When the benefits of a plan are changed or when a plan is curtailed, the resulting change in 
benefit that relates to past service or the gain or loss on curtailment is recognised immediately in 
profit  or  loss.  The  Group  recognises  gains  and  losses  on  the  settlement  of  a  defined  benefit  plan 
when the settlement occurs.

(iii) Other long-term employee benefits    

The Group’s net obligation in respect of long-term employee benefits is the amount of future 
benefit that employees have earned in return for their service in the current and prior periods. That 
benefit is discounted to determine its present value. Re-measurements are recognised in profit or 
loss in the period in which they arise.

(iv) Termination benefits    

Termination benefits are expensed at the earlier of when the Group can no longer withdraw 
the offer of those benefits and when the Group recognises costs for a restructuring. If benefits are 
not expected to be settled wholly within 12 months of the end of the reporting period, then they are 
discounted.

(k) Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. It is recognised in profit or loss ex-
cept to the extent that it relates to a business combination or items recognised directly in equity or 
in other comprehensive income.

.

(i) Current tax    

Current tax comprises the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss 
for the year and any adjustment to tax payable or receivable in respect of previous years. It is mea-
sured using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Current tax also inclu-
des any tax arising from dividends.

(ii) Deferred tax    

Deferred tax is recognised in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts 
of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. 
Deferred tax is not recognised for:

 y temporary differences on the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that 
is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss;
 y temporary differences related to investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint arrange-
ments to the extent that the Group is able to control the timing of the reversal of the tem-
porary differences and it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future; 
and

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 y taxable temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of goodwill.

Deferred tax assets are recognised for unused tax losses, unused tax credits and deductible 
temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available 
against which they can be used. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are 
reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realised.

Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary diffe-
rences when they reverse, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. The 
measurement of deferred tax reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in 
which the Group expects, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets 
and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if certain criteria are met. 

Unrecognized deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and recognized to 
the extent that it has become probable that the future taxable profits will be available against which 
they can be used.

In such a circumstance, the Group shall recognise and measure its current or deferred tax 
asset or liability based on taxable profit (tax loss), tax bases, unused tax losses, unused tax credits 
and tax rates determined applying this interpretation.

The Group assesses whether it is probable (more than 50% chances) that a tax authority will 

accept an uncertain tax treatment.

Thus, the Group shall reflect the effect of uncertainty for each uncertain tax treatment by 
using either of the following methods, depending on which method the entity expects to better pre-
dict the resolution of the uncertainty:

(a) the most likely amount - the single most likely amount in a range of possible outcomes. 
The most likely amount may better predict the resolution of the uncertainty if the possible outcomes 
are binary or are concentrated on one value.

(b) the expected value - the sum of the probability-weighted amounts in a range of possible 
outcomes. The expected value may better predict the resolution of the uncertainty if there is a range 
of possible outcomes that are neither binary nor concentrated on one value.

(l) Green certificates

Electricity supply

Electricity suppliers have a legal obligation to purchase green certificates from producers of 
electricity from renewable sources, based on annual targets or quotas set by law, which are applied 
to the quantity of electricity purchased and supplied to final customers. 

The cost of green certificates is accrued in the profit or loss based on the quantitative quota 
determined by the regulator representing the quantity of the green certificates that the Group has 
to  purchase  for  the  year  and  based  on  the  price  of  green  certificates  acquired  on  the  centralized 
market. The obligation for covering the annual acquisition quota is accrued in profit or loss.

Electricity generation

Electricity producers are entitled by the law in force to receive a certain number of green 
certificates  for  each  MWH  of  electricity  produced  from  renewable  sources  and  injected  into  the 
network. 

Green certificates are recognized as inventories when the producer has the right to receive 
as a result of energy produced and delivered into the network, at nil nominal value. Recognition in 
the profit and loss account is done at the time of their sale.

(m) Inventories

Inventories consist mainly of spare parts that do not meet the recognition criteria for proper-
ty,  plant  and  equipment,  consumables,  goods  for  resale,  other  inventories  and  the  natural  gas 
storage.

Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. 

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353

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The cost of inventories is based on the weighted average cost method. The cost of invento-
ries includes all the acquisition costs and other expenses related to bringing the inventories to their 
current place and condition.

Consumables used for the repairs and maintenance of the electricity network are included in 

profit and loss when consumed and presented in “Repairs, maintenance and materials”.

(n) Property, plant and equipment

(i) Recognition and measurement

Property, plant and equipment are stated initially at cost, which includes purchase price and 
other costs directly attributable to acquisition and bringing the asset to the location and condition 
necessary for their intended use. 

After initial recognition, land and buildings are measured at revalued amounts less any accu-
mulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses since the most recent valuation. The 
other items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost less any accumulated deprecia-
tion and any accumulated impairment losses. Revaluations of land and buildings are made with su-
fficient regularity to ensure that the carrying amount does not differ materially from the one that 
would be determined using the fair value at the end of the reporting period. When a building is reva-
lued, the accumulated depreciation is eliminated against the gross carrying amount of that item, and 
the net amount is restated to the revalued amount of the asset. 

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, 
then  they  are  accounted  for  as  separate  items  (major  components)  of  property,  plant  and 
equipment.

Properties in the course of construction for production, supply or administrative purposes, 
or for purposes not yet determined, are carried at cost, less any recognised impairment loss. Cost 
includes professional fees and, for qualifying assets, borrowing costs capitalised in accordance with 
the Group’s accounting policy. Depreciation of these assets, determined on the same basis as other 
property assets, commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.

Spare parts, stand-by and servicing equipment are classified as property, plant and equip-
ment if they are expected to be used during more than one period or can be used only in connection 
with an item of property, plant and equipment.

Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in 

profit or loss.

(ii) Subsequent expenditure    

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits 

associated with the expenditure will flow to the Group.

(iii) Depreciation    

Depreciation is calculated to write off the cost of items of property, plant and equipment less 
their estimated residual values using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives and is 
recognised in profit or loss. Leased assets are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and 
their useful lives unless it is reasonably certain that the Group will obtain ownership by the end of the 
lease term. Land and construction in progress are not depreciated.

The estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment are as follows:

Category

Buildings
Equipment
Motor vehicles and office equipment

Useful lives (years)
45-70
3-25
3-10

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date 

and adjusted if appropriate.

(o) Intangible asset in a service concession arrangement

(i) Recognition and measurement

The  Group  recognises  an  intangible  asset  arising  from  a  service  concession  arrangement 
when it has a right to charge for use of the concession infrastructure. An intangible asset received as 
consideration for providing construction or upgrade services in a service concession arrangement is 
measured at fair value on initial recognition with reference to the fair value of the services provided. 
Subsequent to initial recognition, the intangible asset is measured at cost, less accumulated amorti-
zation and accumulated impairment losses. 

(ii)  Amortization

The amortization method used is selected on the basis of the expected pattern of consump-
tion  of  the  expected  future  economic  benefits  embodied  in  the  asset,  and  is  applied  consistently 
from period to period, unless there is a change in the expected pattern of consumption of those fu-
ture economic benefits. The Group determined that the amortization method that reflects appropri-
ately the expected pattern of consumption of the expected future economic benefits is correlated 
with the amortisation of the regulated asset base “RAB”.

(p) Connection fees

According to art. 25 paragraph (1) of Law no. 123/2012 on electricity and natural gas, as sub-
sequently amended and supplemented, access to power grids of public interest is a mandatory ser-
vice provided under regulatory conditions, which the transmission and system operator as well as the 
distribution operators must ensure. 

At the request of a new or pre-existing customer, the distribution operators are obliged to 
communicate the technical and economic conditions for the connection network and to cooperate 
with the applicant to choose the most advantageous technical and economic solution. Afterwards, a 
connection contract is concluded between the distribution operator and the customer at a regulated 
tariff. The actual construction of the connection installation is carried out by a construction supplier 
certified by ANRE. 

The Group collects cash from customers, which is used only to pay for the construction of 
the connection station, and the Group must then use this asset to connect customers to the network. 
According  to  ANRE  Order  no.  59/2013,  with  subsequent  amendments,  these  assets  remain  in  the 
ownership of the network operator.

The Group recognizes the assets at nil value, net of the amount of the deferred income re-
presenting  the  contributions  from  customers.  The  assets  financed  from  connection  fees  received 
from the new users of the distribution network are not included in the RAB. At the end of the con-
cession contract, the assets built from the connection tariff will be transferred to the concessionaire 
free of charge together with the assets part of RAB.

Starting with 2021, according to ANRE Order no. 160/2020 amending ANRE Order no.59/2013, 
the connection installations that are financed by the customers will remain in their ownership and are 
being exploited by the network operator. However, according to ANRE Order no. 17/2021 for the con-
nection installations of all household consumers and of the non-household with lengths less than 2.5 
km, the distribution operator has the obligation to finance them and these will remain in the owner-
ship of the network operator.

(q) Intangible  assets  related  to  the  capitalization  of  own  technological  consumption 
(“NL”)

The difference between the purchase price of electricity for own technological consumption 
versus the ex-ante purchase price recognized by ANRE in the related regulated tariffs 2022 related 
to the purchase of electricity and natural gas, made between 1 January 2022 and 31 August 2023, in 
order to cover the own technological consumption (NL) for economic operators for energy transport 
and distribution services are capitalised.

According to ANRE regulations, the capitalised costs of intangible assets are recorded in the 
accounting records and therefore on the annual financial statements according to the instructions 
developed by the Ministry of Finance. ANRE will determine the recognized annual amounts of the 
capitalized costs based on the quantities and prices recognized for NL.

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354

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(i) Recognition and measurement

The computation of the capitalized amounts is carried out in compliance with the legislation 
specific  to  the  entities  that  are  the  subject  of  GEO  119/2022,  with  subsequent  additions  and 
changes.

According to the legislation in force, the following intangible assets will be created for the NL 

difference (in correspondence with “Capitalised costs of intangible non-current assets”:

 – The first intangible asset - for the NL cost difference recorded between January 2022 and 

September 2022 will be recorded on 30 September 2022;

 – The second intangible asset - for the NL cost difference recorded between October 2022 

and December 2022 will be recorded on 31 December 2022;

Currently, only the above intangibles are recognized in the financial statements. 

In the future, the following additional intangible assets will be recognised in 2023.
 – The third intangible asset - for the NL cost difference recorded between January 2023 and 

March 2023 will be recorded on 31 March 2023;

 – The fourth intangible asset - for the NL cost difference recorded between April 2023 and 

June 2023 will be recorded on 30 June 2023;

 – The  fifth  intangible  asset  -  for  the  NL  cost  difference  recorded  between  July  2023  and 

August 2023 will be recorded on 31 August 2023.

(ii) Amortization

The  capitalized  costs  are  amortized  through  the  straight-line  method  over  a  period  of  5 

years from the date of capitalization.

(r) Other intangible assets

(i) Recognition and measurement

Other intangible assets that are acquired by the Group and have finite useful lives are mea-

sured at cost less accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses. 

(ii) Subsequent expenditure

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits 
embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure, including expenditure on 
internally generated goodwill and brands, is recognised in profit or loss as incurred.

Such assets, or disposal groups, are generally measured at the lower of their carrying amount 
and fair value less costs to sell. Impairment losses on initial classification as held-for-sale and sub-
sequent gains and losses on remeasurement are recognised in profit or loss. 
Once classified as held-for-sale, intangible assets and property, plant and equipment are no longer amortised or 
depreciated, and any equity-accounted investee is no longer equity accounted.

(u) Financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the Group’s statement of financial 

position when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs 
that  are  directly  attributable  to  the  acquisition  or  issue  of  financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities 
(other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or 
deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial 
recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial 
liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in profit or loss.

(i) Financial assets

All regular way purchases or sales of financial assets are recognised and derecognised on a 
trade date basis. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or sales of financial assets that requ-
ire delivery of assets within the time frame established by regulation or convention in the marketpla-
ce. All recognised financial assets are measured subsequently in their entirety at either amortised 
cost or fair value, depending on the classification of the financial assets.

Financial assets are initially measured at fair value and subsequently at amortized cost, as 
they are held in a business model to collect contractual cash flows and these cash flows consist solely 
of payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

The amortized cost of a financial asset is the amount at which the financial asset is measured 
at initial recognition minus the principal reimbursements, plus the cumulative amortization using the 
effective interest method of any difference between that initial amount and the maturity amount, 
adjusted for any loss allowance. The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is the amortized cost 
of a financial asset before adjusting for any loss allowance.

Foreign exchange gains and losses

The carrying amount of financial assets that are denominated in a foreign currency is deter-

mined in that foreign currency and translated at the spot rate at the end of each reporting period. 

(iii) Amortization

Loans and receivables

Amortization is calculated to write off the cost of intangible assets less their estimated resi-
dual values using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives and is generally recogni-
sed in profit or loss. 

The estimated useful lives of software and licenses are 3-5 years.

These assets are initially recognised at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction 
costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, they are measured at amortised cost using the effective in-
terest method. The amortised cost is reduced by impairment losses. Loans and receivables comprise 
trade receivables, cash and cash equivalents and deposits.

Amortization methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date 

Trade receivables

and adjusted if appropriate.

(s) Goodwill

Goodwill  is  measured  as  the  value  of  the  consideration  transferred  (fair  value)  plus  the 
amount of any non-controlling interest (NCI) plus the fair value of previous equity interests minus the 
net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.

Goodwill arising on the acquisition of subsidiaries is measured at cost less accumulated im-

pairment losses.

(t) Assets held for sale

Non-current assets or disposal groups comprising assets and liabilities, are classified as held-
for-sale if it is highly probable that they will be recovered primarily through sale rather than through 
continuing use.

Trade  receivables  include  mainly  unsettled  invoices  issued  until  reporting  date  for  supply 
and distribution of electricity and services, late payment penalties and accrued revenue for electri-
city delivered and services rendered until the end of the year,but invoiced after the end of the year.

Government grants

Grants that compensate the Group for expenses incurred are recognised in profit or loss as 
other income on a systematic basis in the periods in which the expenses are recognised, unless the 
conditions for receiving the grant are met after the related expenses have been recognised. In this 
case, the grant is recognised when it becomes receivable.

Other receivables from capping schemes:

The compensation of household consumers for part of the costs incurred by the electricity 

invoices was applicable between 1 November 2021 until 31 March 2022.

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356

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The exemption was applicable between 1 November 2021 until 31 January 2022 for several 
types  of  non-household  consumers  from  payment  of  regulated  tariffs  and  other  taxes/
contributions.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances, call deposits and deposits with maturi-
ties of three months or less from the set-up date that are subject to an insignificant risk of changes 
in their fair value and are used by the Group in the management of its short-term commitments.

(ii) Financial liabilities 

All financial liabilities are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective inte-

rest method or at fair value through profit or loss. 

Financial liabilities that are not (i) contingent consideration of an acquirer in a business com-
bination, (ii) held-for-trading, or (iii) valued as at fair value, are measured subsequently at amortised 
cost using the effective interest method. 

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial li-
ability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the 
rate  that  exactly  discounts  estimated  future  cash  payments  (including  all  fees  and  points  paid  or 
received  that  form  an  integral  part  of  the  effective  interest  rate,  transaction  costs  and  other  pre-
miums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability, or (where appropriate) a shor-
ter period, to the amortised cost of a financial liability.

Other  financial  liabilities  include  bank  borrowings,  bank  overdrafts,  financing  for  network 

construction related to concession agreements and trade payables.

(iii) Share capital

Ordinary shares

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue 

of ordinary shares, net of any tax effects, are recognised as a deduction from equity.

the reporting date with the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument at the date of initial 
recognition. 

Irrespective of the above analysis, the Group considers that default has occurred when a fi-
nancial asset is more than 90 days past due unless the Group has reasonable and supportable infor-
mation to demonstrate that a more lagging default criterion is more appropriate.

 (ii) Write-off policy

The Group writes off a financial asset after the finalization of the bankruptcy proceedings. 
Financial assets written off may still be subject to enforcement activities under the Group’s recovery 
procedures, taking into account legal advice where appropriate. Any recoveries made are recognised 
in profit or loss.

(iii) Measurement and recognition of expected credit losses

The measurement of expected credit losses is a function of the probability of default, loss 
given default (i.e. the magnitude of the loss if there is a default) and the exposure at default. The 
assessment of the probability of default and loss given default is based on historical data adjusted 
by forward-looking information as described above. As for the exposure at default, for financial as-
sets, this is represented by the assets’ gross carrying amount at the reporting date.

For financial assets, the expected credit loss is estimated as the difference between all con-
tractual cash flows that are due to the Group in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows 
that the Group expects to receive, discounted at the original effective interest rate. 

Derecognition of financial assets

The Group derecognises a financial asset only when the contractual rights to the cash flows 
from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewar-
ds of ownership of the asset to another entity. If the Group neither transfers nor retains substantially 
all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the transferred asset, the Group re-
cognises its retained interest in the asset and an associated liability for amounts it may have to pay. 
If  the  Group  retains  substantially  all  the  risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  of  a  transferred  financial 
asset,  the  Group  continues  to  recognise  the  financial  asset  and  also  recognises  a  collateralised 
borrowing for the proceeds received.

Repurchase and reissue of ordinary shares (treasury shares)

(v) Revaluation reserve

When shares recognised as equity are repurchased, the amount of the consideration paid, 
which includes directly attributable costs, net of any tax effects, is recognised as a deduction from 
equity. Repurchased shares are classified as treasury shares and are presented in the treasury share 
reserve. 

When treasury shares are sold or reissued subsequently, the amount received is recognised 
as an increase in equity and the resulting surplus or deficit on the transaction is presented within 
share premium.

.

(iv) Impairment

Impairment of financial assets

The  Group  recognizes  a  loss  allowance  for  expected  credit  losses  on  investments  in  debt 
instruments that are measured at amortized cost or at fair value through other comprehensive inco-
me. The amount of expected credit losses is updated at each reporting date to reflect changes in 
credit risk since initial recognition of the respective financial instrument.

The Group always recognizes lifetime expected credit losses for trade receivables. The ex-
pected credit losses on these financial assets are estimated using a provision matrix based on the 
Group’s historical credit loss experience, adjusted for factors that are specific to the debtors, general 
economic conditions and an assessment of both the current as well as the forecast direction of con-
ditions at the reporting date, including time value of money where appropriate.

i) Significant increase in credit risk

In assessing whether the credit risk on a financial instrument has increased significantly since 
initial recognition, the Group compares the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument at 

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The difference between the revalued amount and the net carrying amount of property, plant 

and equipment is recognised as revaluation reserve included in equity.

If an asset’s carrying amount is increased as a result of a revaluation, the increase is recogni-
sed and accumulated in equity under the heading of revaluation reserve. However, the increase is 
recognised in profit and loss to the extent that it reverses a revaluation decrease of the same amount 
of the asset previously recognised in profit and loss.

If an asset’s carrying amount is decreased as a result of a revaluation, the decrease is recog-
nised in profit or loss. However, the decrease is recognized in equity in revaluation reserves if there is 
any credit balance existing in the revaluation reserve in respect of that asset. 

The revaluation reserve is transferred to retained earnings in an amount corresponding to 

the use of the asset (as the asset is depreciated) and upon disposal of the asset. 

(w) Dividends

Dividends are recognized as a deduction from equity in the period in which their distribution 
is approved and recognised as a liability to the extent it is unpaid at the reporting date. Dividends are 
disclosed in the notes to financial statements when their distribution is proposed after the reporting 
date and before the date of the issuance of the financial statements.

(x) Pre-paid capital contributions in kind from shareholders

These contributions from a shareholder represent pre-paid contributions of land for which 
the Company obtained title deeds in respect of future issuance of shares. The amounts recorded are 
based on the fair value of the land.

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359

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(y) Provisions

A provision is recognised if, as a result of a past event, the Group has a present, legal or con-
structive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic 
benefits will be required to settle the obligation. Provisions are determined by discounting the ex-
pected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value 
of money and the risks specific to the liability. The unwinding of the discount is recognised as finance 
cost.

A provision for restructuring is recognised when the Group has approved a detailed and for-
mal restructuring plan, and the restructuring either has commenced or has been announced publicly. 
Future operating losses are not provided for.

(z) Contingent assets and liabilities

A contingent liability is:

(a)  a possible obligation that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed 
only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within 
the control of the Group; or 

(b) a present obligation that arises from past events that is not recognised because: 

        i.  it is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be 

required to settle the obligation; or  

        ii.  the amount of the obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability.

Contingent liabilities are not recognized in the Group’s financial statements, but disclosed 

unless the possibility of an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits is remote.

A contingent asset is a possible asset that arises from past events and whose existence will 
be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not 
wholly within the control of the Group.

A contingent asset is not recognized in the Group’s financial statements, but disclosed when 

an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

(aa) Leases

 (i) The Group as lessee

The Group assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease, at inception of the contract. 
The Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability with respect to all lease 
arrangements in which it is the lessee, except for short-term leases (with a lease term of 12 months 
or less) and leases of low value assets (of less than USD 5,000). For these leases, the Group recog-
nises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease 
unless another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic bene-
fits from the leased assets are consumed. 

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not 
paid at the commencement date, discounted by using the default rate in the lease. If this rate cannot 
be readily determined, the Group uses its incremental borrowing rate.

The lease liability is presented as a separate line in the consolidated statement of financial 
position. The lease liability is subsequently measured by increasing the carrying amount to reflect 
interest  on  the  lease  liability  (using  the  effective  interest  method)  and  by  reducing  the  carrying 
amount to reflect the lease payments made.

The Group remeasures the lease liability (and makes a corresponding adjustment to the re-

lated right-of-use asset) whenever:

 y the lease term has changed or there is a significant event or change in circumstances re-
sulting in a change in the assessment of exercise of a purchase option, in which case the 
lease  liability  is  remeasured  by  discounting  the  revised  lease  payments  using  a  revised 
discount rate;

 y the lease payments change due to changes in an index or rate or a change in expected 
payment under a guaranteed residual value, in which cases the lease liability is remeasured 
by discounting the revised lease payments using an unchanged discount rate (unless the 

lease payments change is due to a change in a floating interest rate, in which case a re-
vised discount rate is used);

 y a lease contract is modified and the lease modification is not accounted for as a separate 
lease, in which case the lease liability is remeasured based on the lease term of the mod-
ified lease by discounting the revised lease payments using a revised discount rate at the 
effective date of the modification.

Right-of-use assets are depreciated over the shorter period of lease term and useful life of 
the underlying asset. If a lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset or the cost of the right-
of-use asset reflects that the Group expects to exercise a purchase option, the related right-of-use 
asset is depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset. The depreciation starts at the com-
mencement date of the lease. The right-of-use assets are presented as a separate line in the conso-
lidated statement of financial position.

(ii) Rental income

Rental income from property, plant and equipment other than investment property is reco-
gnised as Other income. Rental income is recognised on a straight-line basis over the term of the 
lease.

(bb) Investment in associates

An associate is an entity over which the Group has significant influence and that is neither a 
subsidiary nor an interest in a joint venture. Significant influence is the power to participate in the 
financial and operating policy decisions of the investee but is not control or joint control over those 
policies. 

The results and assets and liabilities of associates are incorporated in these consolidated fi-
nancial statements using the equity method of accounting, except when the investment is classified 
as held for sale. Under the equity method, an investment in an associate is recognised initially in the 
consolidated statement of financial position at cost and adjusted thereafter to recognise the Group’s 
share of the profit or loss and other comprehensive income of the associate. 

When the Group’s share of losses of an associate exceeds the Group’s interest in that asso-
ciate (which includes any long-term interests that, in substance, form part of the Group’s net invest-
ment  in  the  associate),  the  Group  discontinues  recognising  its  share  of  further  losses.  Additional 
losses are recognised only to the extent that the Group has incurred legal or constructive obligations 
or made payments on behalf of the associate. 

An investment in an associate is accounted for using the equity method from the date on 
which the investee becomes an associate. On acquisition of the investment in an associate, any ex-
cess of the cost of the investment over the Group’s share of the net fair value of the identifiable as-
sets and liabilities of the investee is recognised as goodwill, which is included within the carrying 
amount of the investment. Any excess of the Group’s share of the net fair value of the identifiable 
assets and liabilities over the cost of the investment, after reassessment, is recognised immediately 
in profit or loss in the period in which the investment is acquired.

When necessary, the entire carrying amount of the investment (including goodwill) is tested 
for impairment as a single asset by comparing its recoverable amount (higher of value in use and fair 
value less costs of disposal) with its carrying amount. Any impairment loss recognised is not alloca-
ted to any asset, including goodwill that forms part of the carrying amount of the investment. Any 
reversal of that impairment loss is recognised to the extent that the recoverable amount of the in-
vestment subsequently increases. 

The Group discontinues the use of the equity method from the date when the investment 

ceases to be an associate. 

(cc) Segment reporting

Segment results that are reported to the Company’s Board of Directors (the chief operating 
decision maker) include items directly attributable to a segment as well as those that can be alloca-
ted on a reasonable basis. 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

360

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

361

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dd) Subsequent events 

(b) Information about reportable segments 

Events occurring after the reporting date 31 December 2022, which provide additional infor-
mation about conditions prevailing at the reporting date (adjusting events) are reflected in the con-
solidated financial statements. Events occurring after the reporting date that provide information on 
events that occurred after the reporting date (non-adjusting events), when material, are disclosed in 
the notes to the consolidated financial statements. When the going concern assumption is no longer 
appropriate at or after the reporting period, the financial statements are not prepared on a going 
concern basis.

7 Disclosure for the additional set of the consolidated financial statements

The Company also issues a set of consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance 

with IFRS-EU.

Until 31 December 2021, the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with 
OMFP  no.  2844/2016  were  equivalent  to  IFRS-EU.  Starting  with  31  December  2022,  according  to 
Order of Ministry of Public Finances (OMFP) no. 3900/2022 that has included a new clause related 
to the regulatory accounts to cover for own technological consumption network additional expenses 
for actual energy costs as compared with the ex-ante ANRE prices recognised in distribution tariffs. 
On the additional set of the consolidated financial statement in accordance with IFRS-EU, these ex-
penses have a different accounting treatment (please see the voluntary set of financial statements in 
accordance with IFRS-EU).

Performance for the year

8 Operating segments

(a) Basis for segmentation

The following summary describes the operations of each reportable segment:

Reportable segments

Electricity and natural gas supply

Electricity distribution

Electricity generation

External electricity network maintenance

Operations
Buying  and  supplying  electricity  and  natural  gas  to 
final consumers (includes Electrica Furnizare S.A.)
Operation, maintenance and construction of electricity 
networks operated by the Group (includes Distributie 
Energie  Electrica  Romania  S.A.  and  the  activity 
performed by Electrica Serv S.A within the distribution 
network).
Production  of  electricity  from  renewable  sources 
(includes  Electrica  Energie  Verde  1  S.R.L.,  Electrica 
Productie  Energie  S.A.,  Sunwind  Energy  S.R.L.,  New 
Trend  Energy  S.R.L.,  Green  Energy  Consultancy  & 
Investments S.R.L.).
Repairs, maintenance and other services for electricity 
networks owned by other distributors (Electrica Serv 
S.A.,  without  the  activity  performed  in  the  electricity 
distribution segment).

The  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Company  reviews  management  reports  of  each  segment. 
Segment earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (“Adjusted EBITDA”) is used to 
measure performance because management believes that such information is one of the most rele-
vant in evaluating the results of the segments.

There are varying levels of integration between the Electricity supply, Electricity distribution 
and External electricity network maintenance segments. This integration includes electricity distri-
bution and shared electricity network maintenance services. Inter-segment pricing policy is determi-
ned on an arm’s length basis. 

All  assets  are  allocated  to  reportable  segments,  except  for  investments  in  associates  and 

deferred tax assets.

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

362

Year ended 
31 December 
2022

Electricity 
and natural 
gas supply

Electricity 
distribution

Electricity 
generation

External 
electricity 
network 
mainte-
nance

Total for 
reportable 
segments

Head-
quarter

8,153,190

1,817,054

14,180

25,472 10,009,896

32,824

1,579,572

7,200

55,612

1,675,208

8,186,014

3,396,626

21,380

81,084

11,685,104

Consolida-
tion elimi-
nations and 
adjust-
ments

Consolidat-
ed total

-

10,009,896

(1,675,208)

-

(1,675,208)

10,009,896

-

-

-

2,754,954

159,505

49

42,295

2,956,803

5,180

(121,020)

2,840,963

-

989,291

-

-

989,291

-

-

989,291

315,170

359,377

9,526

(2,399)

681,674

25,603

(43,354)

663,923

(63,168)

(152,049)

(2,482)

11,361

(206,338)

65,857

(24,514)

(164,995)

(12,557)

(506,016)

(2,480)

(11,348)

(532,401)

(1,586)

-

-

-

-

-

5

-

-

(533,987)

5

390,895

1,017,442

14,488

(2,412)

1,420,413

(38,673)

(18,843)

1,362,897

(131,794)

19,177

-

204

(112,413)

102

-

(112,311)

261,099

308,152 

8,006

(673)

576,584

25,615

(43,354)

558,845

(102,619)

(661,963)

(171)

(30,055)

(794,808)

(28,614)

9,058

612,664

-

1,342

623,064

2,323

-

-

(823,422)

625,387

4,141,083

9,076,633

146,743

418,940 13,783,399

213,625

(2,373,712)

11,623,312

2,579,678

960,913

5,265

90,557

3,636,413

378

(1,043,536)

2,593,255

148,919

69,826

4,889

5,623

229,257

105,630

-

334,887

2,365,894

1,026,377

16,101

42,313

3,450,685

44,399

(1,033,845)

2,461,239

External 
revenues

Inter-segment 
revenue

Segment 
revenue
Other income

Capitalised 
costs of 
intangible non-
current assets

Segment 
profit/(loss) 
before tax
Net finance 
income/(cost)

Amortization 
and 
depreciation

Reversal of 
impairment of 
property, plant 
and equipment 
and intangible 
assets, net

Adjusted 
EBITDA*

(Impairment)/ 
Reversal of 
impairment 
of trade 
and other 
receivables, 
net

Segment 
profit/(loss) 
after tax

Employee 
benefits

Capital 
expenditure

Segment 
assets
Trade 
and other 
receivables

Cash and cash 
equivalents

Trade and 
other payables 
and short term 
employee 
benefits

Bank 
overdrafts

1,589,801

772,098

-

-

2,361,899

209,138

Lease liability

8,469

33,830

12,088

(983)

53,404

269

Bank 
borrowings

-

660,713

-

-

660,713

100,000

-

-

-

2,571,037

53,673

760,713

*Adjusted EBITDA (Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation or namely EBITDA) for operating segments 
is  defined  and  calculated  as  segment  profit/(loss)  before  tax  of  a  given  operating  segment  adjusted  for  i)  depreciation, 
amortization and impairment/reversal of impairment of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets in the operating 
segment, ii) impairment of assets held for sale and iii) net finance income in the operating segment. Moreover, EBITDA is not 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

363

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
uniformly defined. The method used to calculate EBITDA by other companies may differ significantly from that used by the 
Group. As a consequence, the EBITDA presented in this note cannot, as such, be relied upon for the purpose of comparison 
to EBITDA of other companies.

9 Revenue 

2022

2021

Year ended 
31 December 2021  

Electricity 
and nat-
ural gas 
supply

Electricity 
distribu-
tion

Electricity 
genera-
tion

External 
electricity 
network 
mainte-
nance

Total for 
reportable 
segments

Headquar-
ter

Consolida-
tion elimi-
nations and 
adjust-
ments

Consol-
idated 
total

External revenues

Inter-segment 
revenue

Segment revenue

Segment profit/
(loss) before tax
Net finance income/
(cost)

Amortization and 
depreciation

(Impairment)/
Reversal of 
impairment of 
property, plant and 
equipment and 
intangible assets, net

Reversal of 
impairment of assets 
held for sale

Adjusted EBITDA*

Reversal of 
impairment/
(Impairment) of trade 
and other receivables, 
net

Segment profit/(loss) 
after tax

Employee benefits

Capital expenditure

Segment assets

Trade and other 
receivables

Cash and cash 
equivalents

Restricted cash (short 
term)

Trade and other 
payables and short 
term employee 
benefits

Bank overdrafts

Lease liability

Bank borrowings

5,741,460 

1,389,389

6,024

41,991

7,178,864

30,907 

1,341,456

2,949

26,127

1,401,439

5,772,367  2,730,845

8,973

68,118 8,580,303

-

-

-

-

7,178,864

(1,401,439)

-

(1,401,439)

7,178,864

(453,610)

(153,003)

1,544

(17,868)

(622,937)

321,779

(331,253)

(632,411)

336 

(73,498)

(738)

850

(73,050)

377,419

(331,250)

(26,881)

(14,228)

(451,945)

(2,290)

(10,092)

(478,555)

(2,275)

-

(480,830)

-   

-   

-

-

-

-

137

137

3,805

(154)

(154)

(492)

-

-

3,942

(646)

(439,718)

372,440

4,572

(8,609)

(71,315)

(56,678)

(3)

(127,996)

(37,767)

(32,707)

-

(212)

(70,686)

70

-

(70,616)

(389,678)

(139,040)

1,300

(16,033)

(543,451)

321,822

(331,253)

(552,882)

(106,107)

(622,492)

(47)

(34,790)

(763,436)

(39,240)

9,374 

500,387

8

1,552

511,321

4,539

-

-

(802,676)

515,860

1,422,316  8,085,802

41,206

417,744 9,967,068

182,509  (2,266,441)

7,883,136

1,216,895 

1,057,157

998

85,924 2,360,974

75,106

(1,042,861)

1,393,219

60,231 

145,741

2,635

7,466

216,073

5,757

-

221,830

1,380,664 

826,256

24,373

27,917

2,259,210

53,551

(1,016,329)

1,296,432

298,602 

208,109

3,270 

15,147

-   

628,489

-

-

-

-

506,711

120,691

2,614

21,031

-

628,489

513

-

-

-

-

627,402

21,544

628,489

*Adjusted EBITDA (Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation or namely EBITDA) for operating segments 
is  defined  and  calculated  as  segment  profit/(loss)  before  tax  of  a  given  operating  segment  adjusted  for  i)  depreciation, 
amortization and impairment/reversal of impairment of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets in the operating 
segment, ii) impairment of assets held for sale and iii) net finance income in the operating segment. Moreover, EBITDA is not 
uniformly defined. The method used to calculate EBITDA by other companies may differ significantly from that used by the 
Group. As a consequence, the EBITDA presented in this note cannot, as such, be relied upon for the purpose of comparison 
to EBITDA of other companies.

Electricity distribution and supply
Supply of natural gas
Construction revenue related to 
concession agreements (Note 23)
Repairs, maintenance and other 
services rendered
Proceeds from sale of green 
certificates
Re-connection fees
Sales of merchandise
Total

8,991,986
308,515

611,294

87,395

3,741

3,824
3,141
10,009,896

6,517,777
98,503

500,387

59,854

1,138

1,205
-
7,178,864

In respect to the timing of the revenue recognition, most of the Group’s services provided 
are transferred to the customer over time, only a small part amounting to RON 2,694 thousand (2021: 
RON 2,081 thousand) being transferred at a point in time (e.g. metering services provided by the 
distribution companies, providing periodic data analysis to the customer for certain taxes collected 
on behalf of them).

10 Electricity and natural gas purchased

Electricity purchased
Green certificates 
purchased
Natural gas purchased
Total

9,886,773

609,107
10,929

2022

2021

4,967,315

581,729
145,680
5,694,724

10,506,809  

The cost of electricity and natural gas purchased includes the cost of the green certificates 
purchased by the supply subsidiary which has a legal obligation to purchase green certificates from 
producers of electricity from renewable sources, based on annual targets or quotas set by law, which 
are  applied  to  the  quantity  of  electricity  purchased  and  supplied  to  final  customers.  The  cost  of 
green certificates is then invoiced to final customers separately from electricity tariffs.

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

365

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

364

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
             
       
         
                  
           
                     
                     
         
           
         
         
               
       
       
             
       
           
               
                     
11 Other income and expenses

(a) Other income

Subsidies related to electricity 
supply (note 18)
Rental income
Late payment penalties from 
customers
Other
Total

2022

2021

2,687,131
92,486

52,110
9,236
2,840,963

-
93,143

28,356
74,272
195,771

Rental income refers mainly to the subsidies, following by rental of the electricity poles by the distribution 
subsidiary to telecom operators.

During 2022, the Group recognized subsidies on the supply segment recognized subsidies 
of RON 2,687,131 thousand, out of which RON 1,224,375 thousand outstanding receivable from the 
Ministry of Energy following the application of the capping price mechanism for the electricity and 
natural gas as approved by Order no. 118/2021 with subsequent amendments and GEO no. 27/2022, 
the latter one being amended by GEO no. 119/2022.

(b) Other operating expenses

Profit/(Loss) attributable to shareholders

              2022

2021

Profit/(Loss) for the year 
attributable to the owners 
of the Company
Profit attributable to 
shareholders of the 
Company
Number of ordinary shares (in number of shares)

558,954

558,954

(552,882)

(552,882)

Number of ordinary shares at 
31 December

2022

  2021

339,553,004

339,553,004

For the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share, treasury shares (6,890,593 sha-
res) were not treated as outstanding ordinary shares and were deducted from the number of issued 
ordinary shares.

Earnings/(Loss) per share

Basic and diluted earnings/(loss) 
per share (RON)

Employee benefits

2022

1.65

14 Short-term employee benefits 

2021

(1.63)

2022

2021

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

44,092

43,211
39,697

46,950
56,643

Other taxes and duties 
Utilities
Printing and distribution of invoices 
services
IT services
Security services
Meters reading expenses
Cash collection services
Rent 
Postage and telecommunication 
services
Call centre services
Other
Total
*Meter reading expenses have increased during 2022 as a consequence of changes in legislation related to frequency of meter 
readings. During 2021 meters were read with a frequency of 2 times per year as compared to 2022 when they are measured 
quarterly (according to ANRE, the date between measurement cannot exceed 3 months).

34,929
17,549
39,748
14,632
21,010

30,411
26,718
22,219
15,819
12,205

11,011
93,216
343,147

10,929
47,491
352,971

36,960

18,998

11,680

12 Net finance income/(cost)

Interest income 
Other finance income
Total finance income
Interest expense
Interest cost for employee benefits 
(Note 15)
Foreign exchange losses, net
Total finance costs
Net finance cost

13 Earnings/(loss) per share 

2022

2021

2,847
6,871
9,718
(156,985)

(7,354)

(10,374)
(174,713)
(164,995)

1,765
882
2,647
(24,110)

(5,007)

(411)
(29,528)
(26,881)

The calculation of basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per share has been based on the following 
profit  attributable  to  Company’s  shareholders  and  weighted-average  number  of  ordinary  shares 
outstanding:

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

366

Personnel payables
Current portion of defined benefit 
liability and other employee 
benefits
Social security charges 
Tax on salaries 
Total 

70,105

11,548

27,301
5,220
114,174

52,419

18,257

25,342
5,084
101,102

For details of the related employee benefit expenses, see Notes 15 and 16.

In Romania, all employers and employees, as well as other persons, are contributors to the 
State  social  security  system.  The  social  security  system  covers  pensions,  child  benefit,  temporary 
inability to work situations, risks of work accidents and professional diseases and other social assis-
tance services, redundancy payments and incentives granted to employers for creating new jobs.

15 Post-employment and other long-term employee benefits 

The Group provides cash benefits to employees depending on seniority in the form of jubilee 
bonuses and depending on the years of service at retirement in the form of retirement bonuses. The 
post-employment  and  other  long-term  employee  benefits  are  stipulated  in  the  Collective  Labour 
Contracts.

In 2022 and 2021, employee benefit obligations were computed by an independent actuary 
using  the  projected  unit  credit  method  with  benefits  calculated  proportionally  to  the  period  of 
service.

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

31 December 
2022

31 December 
2021

Defined benefit liability
Other long-term employee benefits
Total
    - Current portion*
    - Non-current portion
*included in Personnel payables in Note 14

41,675
87,762
129,437
12,168
117,269

79,078
88,356
167,434
18,257
149,177

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

367

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(i) Movement in the defined benefit liability and other long-term employee benefits

contracts, as follows:

The following tables shows a reconciliation from the opening balances to the closing balan-
ces  for  the  defined  benefit  liability  and  other  long-term  employee  benefits  and  its  components. 
There are no plan assets.

Defined benefit liability

2022

2021

Balance at 1 January
Included in profit or loss
Current service cost
Past service cost
Interest cost
Included in other comprehensive 
income
Remeasurements loss
   - Actuarial loss 
Other
Benefits paid
Balance at 31 December 

Other long-term employee 
benefits
Balance at 1 January
Included in profit or loss
Current service cost
Past service cost
Actuarial (gain)/ loss
Interest cost 
Other
Benefits paid
Balance at 31 December 

79,078

4,893
(23,367)
3,100

(9,503)

(12,526)
41,675

2022

2021

88,356

7,786
(353)
(4,509)
4,256

(7,775)
87,761

68,101

5,158
5,054
2,194

5,891

(7,320)
79,078

86,195

8,285
-
(1,859)
2,814

(7,079)
88,356

Defined benefits refer to the retirement bonuses granted according to the seniority within the 
Group and other long-term benefits refer to the jubilee bonuses granted for seniority. 

(ii) Actuarial assumptions

The following were the main actuarial assumptions at each reporting date:

(a) Macroeconomic assumptions:    
 y inflation.  The  actuary  used  information  from  the  National  Commission  for  Strategy  and 

Prognosis:

.

Year

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2022
2023
2024
2025
2026+

Valuation date
31 December 2022
13.9%
7.5%
4.9%
3%
2.5%

Valuation date
31 December 2021
5.9%
3.2%
3.0%
2.8%
2.5%

 y the discount rate used is based on the yield of the Romanian Government bonds at the 
reporting  date,  therefore  the  weighted  average  discount  rate  is  8.1%  for  the  year  2022 
(2021: 5%);

 y taxes and social charges are those in force as at the reporting date.

b) Group specific assumptions:    
 y For the year 2022 were taken into consideration the salaries’ growth rates budgeted by 
the Group. Starting with the year 2023, salaries’ growth is forecasted at the inflation rate;

 y Employees’ turnover: based on historical data;
 y Jubilee  and  retirement  bonuses  granted  based  on  seniority  as  per  the  collective  labour 

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

368

Jubilee bonus based on years of service in the Group

No of gross monthly base salaries

31 December 2022
1
2
3
4
5

31 December 2021
1
2
3
4
5

Retirement bonus based on years of service in the Group

No of gross monthly base salaries

31 December 2022
2
3
4

31 December 2021
2
3
4

Seniority

20 years
30 years
35 years
40 years
45 years

Seniority

Between 8 and 10 years
Between 10 and 25 years
More than 25 years

Termination benefits

(a) Termination benefits for individual lay-offs at the Group’s initiative    

In accordance with the Collective Labour Contracts concluded between the Group and the 
Unions, when individual labour contract are terminated at the Group’s initiative, the Group pays ter-
mination benefits to the employees depending on their period of service, as follows:

Period of service

No of gross monthly base salaries No of gross monthly base salaries

1 – 2 years
2 – 5 years
5 – 10 years
10 – 20 years
More than 20 years

31 December 2022
2
3
4
5
8

31 December 2021
2
3
4
5
8

(b) Termination benefits for collective lay-offs at the Group’s initiative

For collective lay-offs, according to the Collective Labour Contracts, the Group pays termi-

nation benefits to the employees depending on their period of service, as follows:

Period of service

No of gross monthly base salaries

1 – 3 years
3 – 5 years
5 – 10 years
10 – 20 years
More than 20 years

31 December 2022
3
6
7
11
16

31 December 2021
3
6
7
11
16

The above mentioned stipulations do not apply to employees with individual labour contract 
concluded for a determined period. The above stipulations do not apply to employees that obtained 
other  higher  cumulative  salary  compensation  rights,  provided  by  legal  regulations  regarding  the 
Group’s reorganization and restructuring. Employees who are re-employed within the Group after 
lay-off are not entitled to the above-mentioned benefits.

(iii)Sensitivity analysis

Significant actuarial assumptions for the determination of the benefit obligation are the dis-
count  rate,  expected  salary  increase  and  retirement  age.  The  sensitivity  analysis  below  has  been 
determined based on reasonably possible changes of the respective assumptions occurring at the 
end of the reporting period, while holding all other assumptions constant.

Discount rate

Increase by 1%

Decrease by 1%

2022
(9,237)

2021
(12,489)

2022
8,611

2021
12,489

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

369

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Increase by 1%

Decrease by 1%

(ii) Amounts recognised in other comprehensive income

Salary growth

9,415

12,957

(10,049)

(12,957)

Retirement age

Increase by 1 year
2021
3,677

2022
812

Decrease by 1 year
2021
(3,677)

2022
(812)

The sensitivity analysis presented above may not be representative of the actual change in 
the benefit obligation as it is unlikely that the changes in assumptions would occur in isolation of one 
another as some of the assumptions may be correlated. In presenting the above sensitivity analysis, 
the present value of the benefit obligation has been calculated using the projected unit credit me-
thod at the end of the reporting period, which is the same as that applied in calculating the benefit 
obligation liability recognized in the statement of financial position.

16 Employee benefit expenses 

Average number of employees
Number of employees at 31 
December

2022

2022

7,760

7,874

2021

2021

7,919

8,020

Wages and salaries*
Social security contributions
Meal tickets
Termination benefits
Total employees benefits for the 
year
Capitalised employee benefit 
expenses
Total employees benefits in the 
802,676
statement of profit or loss
*Wages and salaries includes also current service cost, defined benefits and other long-term employee benefits.

790,425
20,694
33,187
267

796,137
19,486
33,585
6,135

(52,667)

844,573

855,343

823,422

(21,151)

Management remuneration is disclosed in Note 32 b) Related parties.

Income taxes

17 Income taxes

In  determining  the  amount  of  current  and  deferred  tax,  the  Group  takes  into  account  the 
impact of uncertain tax positions and whether additional taxes and interest may be due. This assess-
ment relies on estimates and assumptions and may involve a series of judgments about future events. 
The Group considers that the accounting records for taxes due are adequate for all open tax years, 
based on assessment made by management taking into account various factors, including the inter-
pretation  of  tax  legislation  and  previous  experience.  New  information  may  become  available  that 
causes  the  Group  to  change  its  judgment  regarding  the  adequacy  of  existing  tax  liabilities;  such 
changes to tax liabilities will impact tax expense in the period when such a determination is made.

(i) Amounts recognised in profit or loss

Current tax expense
Deferred tax expense/(benefit)
Total expense/(benefit) related to 
income tax 

2022

2021

2,576
102,502

105,078 

242
(79,771)

(79,529)

2022

2021

Before tax

Tax expense

Net of tax

Before tax

Tax expense

Net of 
Tax

Remeasurement 
of defined benefit 
liability 
Total

9,503

(1,479)

8,024

 (5,891)

(45) 

 (5,936)

9,503

(1,479)

8,024

 (5,891)

(45) 

 (5,936)

(iii) Reconciliation of effective tax rate

2022

2021

Profit/(Loss) before tax 

Tax/(Benefit) using Company’s 
domestic tax rate
Non-deductible expenses

Non-taxable income

Deduction of legal reserves

Other tax effects

Recognition of tax effect of previously 
unrecognised tax losses

Income tax expense/(benefit)

16%

4%

-3%

-1%

0%

-1%

16%

663,923

106,230

28,843  

(22,083) 

(3,388)

(137) 

(4,387)

16%

-7%

3%

0%

0%

1%

105,078 

13%

(iv) Movement in deferred tax balances

(632,411)

(101,186)

45,558

(15,878)

(2,574)

(1,607)

(3,842)

(79,529)

Net balance 
at 1 January 
2022

Recognised in 
profit or loss 

Recognised 
in other com-
prehensive 
income

Balance at 31 December 2022

Net

Deferred tax 
assets

Deferred tax 
liabilities

39,838

(2,858)

187,500

20,515  

-

-

36,980

208,015 

-

-

36,980

208,015 

(23,940)

1,360

1,479

(21,101)

(21,101)

(24,732)

(6,198)

(95,972)

89,904

(4,299)

(222)

-

-

-

(30,930)

(30,930)

(6,068)

(6,068)

(4,521)

(4,521)

-

-

-

-

78,395

102,501  

1,479

182,375  

(62,620)

244,995  

-

-

-

-

32,440

(32,440)

78,395

102,501  

1,479

182,375

(30,180)

212,555 

2022

Property, plant 
and equipment
Intangible 
assets related 
to concession 
agreements
Employee 
benefits
Impairment 
of trade 
receivables
Tax loss carried 
forward
Other items
Tax liabilities/
(assets) before 
set-off
Set off of tax
Net tax 
liabilities/
(assets) 

As of 31 December 2021, the Group recorded a deferred tax asset in amount of RON 95,972 
thousand  in  relation  to  the  fiscal  losses  incurred.  The  Group  used  RON  89,904  thousand  as  of  31 
December 2022 to partially compensate the 2022 current tax liability.

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

370

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

371

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net balance 
at 1 January 
2021

Recognised in 
profit or loss 

Recognised 
in other com-
prehensive 
income

Balance at 31 December 2021

Net

Deferred tax 
assets

Deferred tax 
liabilities

41,757

(1,919)

171,712

15,788

-

-

39,838

187,500

-

-

39,838

187,500

(22,603)

(1,382)

45

(23,940)

(23,940)

(20,859)

(3,873)

(7,765)

(88,207)

(4,121)

(178)

-

-

-

(24,732)

(24,732)

(95,972)

(95,972)

(4,299)

(4,299)

-

-

-

-

158,121

(79,771)

45

78,395

(148,943)

227,338

65,412

(65,412)

(83,531)

161,926

2021

Property, 
plant and 
equipment
Intangible 
assets related 
to concession 
agreements
Employee 
benefits
Impairment 
of trade 
receivables
Tax loss 
carried 
forward
Other items
Tax liabilities/
(assets) 
before set-off
Set off of tax
Net tax 
liabilities/
(assets) 
*see Note 30

(v) Unrecognised deferred tax assets

Deferred tax assets have not been recognised in respect of the certain tax losses generated 
by the Company, because it is not probable that future taxable profit will be available against which 
the entity generating it can use the benefits therefrom.

2022

2021

compensation mechanism, part of the receivables due to the subsidiary Electrica Furnizare S.A. for 
the sale of electricity and gas are against the Romanian State through National Agency for Payments 
and Social Inspection and Ministry of Energy. On 31 December 2022, the amounts estimated to be 
received from the Ministry of Energy for non-household consumers are 20,480 thousand RON (31 
December 2021: 11,420 thousand RON) and 21,043 thousand RON (31 December 2021: 59,271 thou-
sand  RON)  from  the  National  Agency  for  Payments  and  Social  Inspection  for  household 
consumers.

The amounts will be recovered in approx. 40 days after submitting the required documenta-
tion to the National Agency for Payments and Social Inspection or Ministry of Energy, depending on 
the case. The receivables are booked under the caption “Electricity distribution and supply”.

Oltchim

Oltchim  (a  state-controlled  company)  was  an  important  customer  of  Electrica  S.A.  until 
January  2012,  when  the  Company  transferred  the  contract  to  Electrica  Furnizare  S.A.  In  January 
2013,  Oltchim  entered  into  insolvency  procedures  and  subsequently  in  May  2019  started  the  ban-
kruptcy procedures.

By decision of the European Court in Luxembourg pronounced on 15 December 2021 (final 
decision  being  applicable  as  of  21  March  2022),  in  case  T565/19,  it  was  partially  cancelled  the 
European Commission Decision no. C (2018) 8592 from 2018, which established a series of measures 
regarding  the  recovery  by  Romania  of  the  State  aid  granted  to  Oltchim  S.A.  By  its  decision,  the 
European court cancelled a series of the measures, including the amounts considered state aid with 
which Electrica was registered in the table of receivables.

Following the evolution of the bankruptcy process, on 06 April 2022, the updated table of 
receivables was published in BPI Tabel Oltchim, which still recognizes only the guaranteed receiva-
bles, which in the case of Electrica S.A. the estimated amount that remains to be recovered from the 
sales of assets of Oltchim SA in the completion of the bankruptcy process is RON 116,058 thousand 
(including VAT), comprised of the base in the amount of RON 98,725 thousand and respectively the 
VAT in the amount of RON 17,333 thousand. Considering the events above, as of 31 December 2022 
a part of the receivable for Oltchim in amount of RON 420,213 thousand was written off as it was not 
recognised in the final bankruptcy table. The bad debt allowance was also adjusted with the same 
amount. As of 31 December 2022, the balance of receivables with Oltchim is RON 115,943 thousand 
(Electrica S.A. RON 98,725 thousand and Electrica Furnizare S.A. RON 17,218 thousand), bad debt 
allowance being at the same amount.

337,136

356,623

The reconciliation between the opening balances and the closing balances of the impairment 

Tax losses

Assets

18 Trade receivables 

Trade receivables, gross
Bad debt allowance 
Total trade receivables, net

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

3,118,691
(652,689)
2,466,002

2,325,477
(980,858)
1,344,619

Trade receivables from related parties are presented in Note 32.

Trade receivables, gross, comprise:

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

Electricity distribution and supply 
Late payment penalties receivable
Customers with judicial execution 
titles 
Repairs, maintenance and other 
services 
Other
Total trade receivables, gross

Electricity distribution and supply 

2,482,266
80,658

347,667

11,850
196,250
3,118,691

1,323,732
81,311

766,109

17,700
136,625
2,325,477

Following the adoption of the Order no. 118/2021 with subsequent amendments and GEO no. 
27/2022,  the  latter  one  being  amended  by  GEO  no.  119/2022,  concerning  the  capping  and 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

372

for trade receivables in the form of lifetime expected credit losses is as follows: 

Lifetime expected credit losses

2022

2021

Balance as at 1 January
Loss allowance recognized 
Decrease in loss allowance
Amounts written off
Balance as at 31 December

980,858
146,203
(34,248)
(440,124)
652,689

949,573
94,400
(22,944)
(40,171)
980,858

The aging of trade receivables is presented in Note 30.

The Group has identified 5 clusters of customers based on shared risk characteristics: 3 se-
parate clusters for the distribution subsidiaries and 2 clusters (households and non-households) for 
the supply subsidiary.

A significant part of the bad debt allowances refers to clients in litigation, insolvency or ban-
kruptcy  procedures,  many  of  them  being  older  than  five  years.  The  Group  will  derecognize  these 
receivables together with the related allowances after the finalization of the bankruptcy process. The 
amounts written-off relates to Oltchim (described above).

The  Group  has  considered  all  the  information  available  without  undue  costs  (including 
forward looking information) that may affect the credit risk of its receivables since original recogni-
tion, thus recording a bad debt allowance in amount of RON 146,926 thousand. 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

373

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19 Other receivables 

VAT receivable
Receivables from EU funds
Other receivables
Lifetime expected credit losses
Total other receivables, net

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

13,024
13,932
120,777
(20,480)
127,253

12,566
-
56,158
(20,124)
48,600

Other  receivables  include  mainly  guarantees  from  energy  suppliers  and  receivables  to  be 

recovered from state authorities in respect to medical leave indemnities. 

The reconciliation between the opening balances and the closing balances of the impairment 

for other receivables is as follows: 

Loss allowance

2022

2021

Balance as at 1 January
Decrease in loss allowance
Balance as at 31 December

20 Cash and cash equivalents  

20,124  
356
20,480

31 December 
2022

31 December
 2021

Bank current accounts
Call deposits
Cash in hand
Total cash and cash equivalents 
in the consolidated statement of 
financial position
Overdrafts used for cash 
management purposes
Total cash and cash equivalents 
in the consolidated statement of 
cash flows

141,656
193,219
12

334,887

-

334,887

20,964  
(840)
20,124

167,859
53,897
74

221,830

(627,402)

(405,572)

In the normal course of business, the Group enters into short-term credit facility with the aim 
of financing operational needs. Until 31 December 2021, overdrafts amounting to RON 627,402 thou-
sand were presented as part of cash and cash equivalents. Following the volatility in electricity prices 
started in 2021 and continued in 2022, these overdrafts have no longer fluctuated from negative to 
0 balances, remained negative for the entire year 2022, thus the management of the Group presen-
ted these overdrafts for the year ended 31 December 2022 in financing activity, and reclassified the 
opening balance previously presented as cash and cash equivalents. (for further details please see 
transfer presented in Cash Flow statement).

The following information is relevant in the context of the consolidated statement of cash 
flows: non-cash activity includes set-off between trade receivables and trade payables of RON 53,106 
thousand in 2022 (2021: RON 5,941 thousand)

21 Inventories

As at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, inventories are as follows:

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

Spare parts
Consumables and other materials
Natural gas
Other inventories
Allowance for impairment of 
inventories
Total inventories

29,589
53,527
23,319
17,004

(9,467)

113,972

28,569
33,399
5,367
13,938

(8,315)

72,958

Inventories include mainly spare parts, consumables and the natural gas storage (applicable only 
for  the  supply  subsidiary)  that  was  set  up  according  to  ANRE’s  regulations.  Spare  parts  refer  mainly  to 
items such as cables, conductors, sockets, switches which are used for the distribution network.

As  at  31  December  2022,  the  remaining  quantity  of  natural  gas  stored  is  of  MWh  107,427  (31 
December  2021:  MWh  12,186),  amounting  to  RON  23,280  thousand  (31  December  2021:  RON  5,367 
thousand). 

22 Property, plant and equipment 

The movements in property, plant and equipment in 2022 and 2021 are as follows:

Land and 
land improve-
ments

Buildings 

Equipment

Vehicles, 
furniture and 
office equip-
ment

Construction 
in progress

 Total 

Gross carrying 
amount
Balance at 1 
January 2021
Additions
Transfer from 
construction in 
progress
Disposals
Reclassification 
from/(to) 
assets held for 
sale 
Balance at 
31 December 
2021
Reclassification 
of opening 
assets held for 
sale
Balance at 
31 December 
2021

Additions
Transfer from 
construction in 
progress
Disposals
Reclassification 
from/(to) 
assets held for 
sale 
Acquisition 
of subsidiary 
(Note 31)
Balance at 
31 December 
2022

246,075

197,148

98,896

95,336

26,225

663,680

-

-

167

1,257

482

2,001

150

8,368

1,967

(5,225)

9,167

-

(46)

(383)

(7,664)

(503)

(180)

(8,776)

6,769

4,368

(1,914)

-

-

9,223

252,798

202,557

91,801

96,950

29,188

673,294

1,024

4,115

-

-

-

5,139

253,822

206,672

91,801

96,950

29,188

678,433

1,179

85

-

1,133

1,977

2,386

804

269

5,475

9,435

(3,778)

95

(3,276)

(1,093)

(1,844)

(838)

-

     25

-

-

-

-

-

(9)

-

(7,060)

-

3,875

3,900

251,835

206,712

94,320

97,185

34,751

684,803

Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses

Balance at 1 
January 2021
Depreciation
Accumulated 
depreciation of 
disposals

-

-

-

5,013

7,532

45,216

8,865

(14)

(4,546)

86,550

18,771

155,550

4,721

(96)

-

-

21,118

(4,656)

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

375

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

374

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Land and 
land improve-
ments

Buildings 

Equipment

Vehicles, 
furniture and 
office equip-
ment

Construction 
in progress

 Total 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(3,805)

947

(1,142)

-

-

(137)

(3,942)

-

(195) 

13,478

44,588

91,175

18,634

167,875

8,022

7,378

(1,778)

-

-

(5)

-

4,515

(594)

-

-

-

-

-

-

19,915

(2,372)

(5)

- 

21,495

50,188

95,096

18,634

185,413

246,075

192,135

53,680

8,786

7,454

508,130

252,798

189,079

47,213

5,775

10,554

505,419

251,835

185,217

44,132

2,089

16,117

499,390

Reversal of 
impairment 
loss
Reclassification 
from assets 
held to sale
Balance at 
31 December 
2021
Depreciation
Accumulated 
depreciation of 
disposals
Impairment 
loss
Reclassification 
from/(to) 
assets held for 
sale 
Balance at 
31 December 
2022

Net carrying 
amounts
At 1 January 
2021
At 31 
December 
2021
At 31 
December 
2022

Tangible assets include mainly land, buildings and equipment.

In 2021, Electrica Serv S.A.’s Board of Directors approved the selling plan of part of the assets and 
accordingly, those assets were presented as Assets held for sale, being expected to be sold in the following 
period. During 2022, only 2 assets (4 in 2021) were sold in amount RON 1,940 thousand (RON 478 thou-
sand in 2021). In October 2022, Electrica Serv S.A.’s Board of Directors postponed the sale approval of 
the remaining assets included in the selling plan, mentioning that it is unlikely that the selling intention 
will materialize. Consequently, the Company reclassified the items from assets held for sale to property 
plan and equipment.

Measurement of fair value

The Group’s land, land improvements and buildings are stated at their revalued amounts, being 
the fair value at the date of revaluation, less any subsequent accumulated depreciation and subsequent 
accumulated  impairment  losses.  The  fair  value  measurements  of  the  Group’s  land,  land  improvements 
and buildings as at 31 December 2020 were performed by Darian DRS S.A., an independent valuer not 
related to the Group. Darian DRS S.A. is member of the National Association of Authorised Romanian 
Valuers and has appropriate qualifications and recent experience in the fair value measurement of pro-
perties in the relevant locations. The valuation conforms to International Valuation Standards and was 
based on recent market transactions on arm’s length terms for similar properties, whenever possible and 
discounted cash-flows method.

The following table shows the valuation techniques used in measuring fair values (Level 3), as well 

as the significant unobservable inputs used. 

Category

Valuation technique

Land and land 
improvements

Buildings

Market approach
The  fair  value  is  estimated  based 
on selling price per square meter of 
land  of  similar  characteristics  (i.e. 
ownership,  legal  limitations,  financ-
ing and selling conditions, location, 
physical and economical properties 
and  best  use).  The  market  price  is 
mainly  based  on  recent  transac-
tions.
Market  approach  and  discounted 
cash-flows (DCF) method
Buildings  were  evaluated  using  the 
following  methods,  depending  on 
the best use and the availability and 
credibility of available market infor-
mation:
Market approach
The  market  approach  is  based  on 
the  selling  price  per  square  meter 
for  buildings  with  similar  charac-
teristics  (i.e.  ownership,  legal  lim-
itations,  financing  and  selling  con-
ditions,  location,  physical  and  eco-
nomical  properties,  and  best  use), 
adjusted  for  liquidity,  location,  size 
etc.
The DCF method
The  valuation  model  based  on  the 
DCF  method  estimates  the  present 
value  of  net  cash  flows  to  be  gen-
erated by a building taking into ac-
count  occupancy  rate  and  annual 
rent.  The  discount  rate  estimation 
considers, inter alia, the quality of a 
building and its location.

Significant unobservable 
inputs

• Adjustment  for  liquidity, 

location, size.

Inter-relationship 
between key 
unobservable inputs and 
fair value measurement

The  estimated  fair  val-
ue  would 
increase/(de-
crease) if:
• Adjustment  for  liquidity, 
location or size would be 
lower/(higher)

• Adjustment  for  liquidity, 

location, size.
Office space rent
• Occupancy 

rates  (be-

• Adjustment  for  liquidity, 
location or size would be 
lower/(higher)

• Occupancy  rates  were 

tween 80% and 90%)

higher/(lower) 

• Yield  rates  (between  7% 

• Yield  rates  were  lower/

and 10%)

(higher)

• Annual rent per sqm was 

higher/(lower)

• Annual  rent  per  sqm 
(between 9 and 19 EUR/
sqm),  depending  on  lo-
cation;

Commercial space rent
• Occupancy 

rates  (be-

tween 85% and 90%)
rates 

• Yield 

(between 

7.25% and 11.5%)

• Annual rent per sqm (be-
tween  10  and  60  EUR/
sqm),  depending  on  lo-
cation;

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

377

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

376

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23 Intangible assets 

Intangible assets include mainly intangible assets related to distribution service concession 
agreements recorded in accordance with IFRIC 12 “Service Concession Arrangements”, as well as li-
censes and costs of SAP ERP implementation, customer management and billing system and other 
software, as follows:

Intangible 
assets related 
to concession 
agreements

Intangible 
assets from 
capitalization

Software and 
licenses

Intangible 
assets in 
progress

 Total 

Gross book 
value
Balance at 1 
January 2021
Additions
Transfers from 
intangible assets 
in progress
Disposals

Balance at 31 
December 2021
Additions
Transfers from 
tangible assets 
in progress
Disposals
Balance at 31 
December 2022

Accumulated 
amortization 
and impairment 
losses 
Balance at 1 
January 2021
Amortization
Accumulated 
amortization of 
disposals
Balance at 31 
December 2021
Amortization
Accumulated 
amortization of 
disposals
Balance at 31 
December 2022

Net carrying 
amounts
At 1 January 
2021
At 31 December 
2021
At 31 December 
2022

9,631,960

500,387

-

-

10,132,347

-

-

-

-

-

611,294

989,291

-

-

-

188,679

5,730

34

(1,042)

193,401

7,694

2

(1,006)

1,367

576

(34)

9,822,006

506,693

-

-

(1,042)

1,909

10,327,657

140

(2)

-

1,608,419

-

(1,006)

10,743,641

989,291

200,091

2,047

11,935,070

4,176,775

441,015

-

4,617,790

449,987

-

-

-

-

37,734

182,833

4,536

(1,042)

186,327

3,960

-

-

(1,005)

5,067,777

37,734

189,282

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4,359,608

445,551

(1,042)

4,804,117

491,681

(1,005)

5,294,793

5,455,185

5,514,557

5,675,864

-

-

951,557

5,846

7,074

1,367

5,462,398

1,909

5,523,540

10,809

2,047

6,640,277

The Group applies IFRIC 12 for the accounting of the transactions under these concession 

contracts. (See further details in Notes 4, 6(c) and 6(l)).

For the year ended 31 December 2022, the Group has recognized construction revenue rela-
ted  to  the  concession  agreements  of  RON  611,294  thousand  (2021:  RON  500,387  thousand)  and 
construction costs of RON 593,490 thousand (2021: RON 485,813 thousand).

The main information related to the current concession contracts agreements and the intan-

gible assets amounts recognized for each network distribution area is summarized below:

Network 
distribution 
areas

Contract
date

Concession 
period 
(years)

Contract 
expiry date

 Concession 
period 
remaining 
(years)

Renewal 
option

Muntenia 
Nord area
Transilvania 
Nord area
Transilvania 
Sud area
Total

2005

2005

2005

49

49

49

2054

2054

2054

33

33

33

Yes

Yes

Yes

Net 
carrying 
amount 
at 31 
December 
2022

Net 
carrying 
amount 
at 31 
December 
2021

1,995,309

1,915,567 

1,890,409

1,836,161 

1,816,646

1,762,829 

5,702,364

5,514,557

The concession contracts can be prolonged for a period up to half of the initial established 

period of 49 years.

The investments in relation to the development and modernization of the infrastructure in-

curred in 2022 refers mainly to:

 – Modernization  of  the  current  transformer  points  and  stations,  current  underground  and 
overhead power lines in amount of RON 139,487 thousand (2021: RON 164,465 thousand);
 – Investments  related  to  improvements  for  electricity  distribution  network  in  amount  of 

RON 79,132 thousand (2021: RON 143,965 thousand).

 – Significant construction works of new transformer stations, new underground and over-
head power lines in amount of 2022: RON 148,404 thousand (2021: RON 97,449 thousand);
 – Acquisition of own car fleet, including utilities vehicles and specialized vehicles in amount 

of RON 58,256 thousand; (2021: RON 63,009 thousand);

 – Modernization and inclusion in SCADA (which is an automatic control system which moni-
tors the equipment) of transformers points and stations, in amount of RON 164 thousand 
(2021: RON 2,430 thousand);

During 2022, the additional expenses for actual energy costs as compared with the ex-ante 
ANRE prices recognised in distribution tariffs are capitalised as intangible assets. These costs will be 
recuperated in tariffs in 5 years.

The capitalised costs with own technological consumption are recognized for each network 
distribution area, the first asset being recorded on 30 September 2022 and the second one on 31 
December 2022, is summarized below:

Network 
distribution areas

Muntenia Nord area
Transilvania Nord 
area
Transilvania Sud 
area
Total

Intangible asset 01 
Jan-30 Sep 2022 
(gross value)

Intangible asset 01 
Oct-31 Dec 2022 
(gross value)

Amortisation during 
2022

Net carrying 
amount at 31 
December 2022

302,413

258,513

193,881

754,807

87,321

84,342

62,820

234,483

15,121

12,919

9,694

37,734

374,613

329,937

247,007

951,557

24 Investments in associates

On 28 July 2021 and on 7 December 2021, Electrica SA concluded four agreements for the 
sale-purchase of shares in four project companies having as main activity the production of electri-
city from renewable sources. The sale-purchase agreements concluded, mention the fact that in the 
first stage the Group acquires 30% of the share capital of the four companies, remaining that in the 
following stages, to acquire the remaining 70% of the share capital after the conditions provided in 
the sale-purchase agreements will be fulfilled. By the end of 31 December 2022, two of the project 
companies were acquired by 60% (please see note 31), therefore they are accounted as subsidiaries, 
the other ones are as follows: 

 – Crucea Power Park SRL, develops the wind project “Crucea Est”, with a projected installed 
capacity of 121 MW and a projected electricity storage capacity of 60 MWh (15 MW x 4h), 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

378

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

379

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
located outside the Crucea area, Constanta County. The estimated purchase price for the 
“Crucea Est” wind project is 70 thousand EUR/MW for the aforementioned capacity, to-
talling the amount of 8,470 thousand EUR. On 28 July 2021, Electrica SA paid the amount 
of  EUR  2,541  thousand  representing  30%  of  the  project  value,  respectively  30%  of  the 
shares of Crucea Power Park SRL. 

 – Foton  Power  Energy  SRL,  develops  the  photovoltaic  project  “Bihor  1”,  with  a  projected 
capacity of 77.5 MW, located near Inand city, Bihor County. The estimated purchase price 
for the photovoltaic project “Bihor 1” is 55 thousand EUR/MW for the aforementioned ca-
pacity, totalling the amount of 4,262.5 thousand EUR. On 7 December 2021, Electrica SA 
paid the amount of EUR 1,279 thousand representing 30% of the project value, respective-
ly 30% of the shares of Foton Power Energy SRL.

Considering the holding percentage of 30%, as at 31 December 2022, the 2 entities are ac-
counted for using the equity method in these consolidated financial statements as provided in the 
Group’s accounting policies in note 6. 

The cost of the investments at acquisition date, totalling the amount of RON 18,832 thou-

sand, is detailed as follows:

Acquisition date
Percentage ownership and voting 
rights at acquisition date
Net assets at acquisition date
Group’s share of net assets 
Goodwill

Cost of investment at acquisition 
date

 Crucea Power Park S.R.L.

Foton Power Energy
S.R.L.

31.07.2021

31.12.2021

30%

(242)
(73)
12,573

12,500

30%

(7)
(2)
6,334

             6,332 

Summarised  financial  information  in  respect  of  each  of  the  Group’s  associates  is  set  out 

below:

Non-current assets
Current assets
Non-current liabilities
Current liabilities
Net assets

Reconciliation to carrying 
amounts:
Opening net assets at acquisition 
date
Loss for the period
Closing net assets 31.12.2022

Closing net assets of associates 
31.12.2022
Group’s share in associates %
Group’s share of net assets as at 
31.12.2022
Goodwill
Carrying amount of interest in 
associate 31.12.2022

 Crucea Power Park S.R.L. 

Foton Power Energy
S.R.L.

31.12.2022
8,520
1,142
(9,886)
(44)
(268)

(246)

(22)
(268)

31.12.2022
244
35
(296)
(1)
(18)

(7)

(11)
(18)

Crucea Power Park S.R.L.

Foton Power Energy S.R.L.

(268)

30%

(80)

12,573

12,492

(18)

30%

(5)

6,334

6,329

The share loss in amount of RON 13 thousand for the period was recognized in the consoli-

dated statement of profit and loss for the year ended as at 31 December 2022. 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

380

Equity and liabilities

25 Capital and reserves

(a) Share capital and share premium

The issued share capital in nominal terms consists of 346,443,597 ordinary shares as at 31 
December 2022 (31 December 2021: 346,443,597) with a nominal value of RON 10 per share. As of 4 
July 2014, after the Initial Public Offering (“IPO”), the Company’s shares are listed on the Bucharest 
Stock Exchange and the Global Depositary Receipts are listed on the London Stock Exchange. 

The  shares  owned  by  the  Company’s  shareholders  that  are  traded  on  the  London  Stock 
Exchange  are  the  global  depositary  receipts  (GDRs).  A  global  depositary  receipt  represents  four 
shares. The Bank of New York Mellon is the depositary bank for these securities. The GDRs’ weight in 
Electrica’s  total  share  capital  diminished  following  the  Initial  Public  Offering,  reaching  a  level  of 
0.7842% at the end of 2021 as compared to 10.17% at 4 July 2014.

The holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared and are entitled 
to one vote per share in the shareholders’ meetings of the Company, except for the 6,890,593 trea-
sury shares purchased by the Company in July 2014 in order to stabilize the price. All shares rank 
equally and confer equal rights to the net assets of the Company’s, except for treasury shares.

The Company recognizes changes in share capital only after their approval in the General 
Shareholders Meeting and their registration by the Trade Register. The contributions made by the 
shareholders which are not yet registered with the Trade Register at year end are recognized as pre-
paid capital contributions from shareholders.

The share premium resulted at IPO was RON 171,128 thousand. The transaction costs of RON 

68,079 thousand were deducted from the share premium.

Following the SPO that took place in November 2019, the share capital of Electrica SA was 
increased  by  in  kind  and  in  cash  contribution,  with  the  amount  of  RON  5,037  thousand,  from  the 
amount of RON 3,459,399 thousand to the amount of RON 3,464,436 nuthousand, by issuing a nu-
mber of 503,668 new nominative and dematerialized shares with a nominal value of 10 RON/share.

The costs generated by the secondary public offering were in amount of RON 964 thousand. 
Also, the Company recorded gains referring to share issue of RON 2,186 thousand, resulting from the 
difference between the contribution value of the plots of land and their value recorded as pre-paid 
capital contributions in kind from shareholders.

(b) Treasury shares reserve

In  July  2014,  the  Company  purchased  5,206,593  ordinary  shares  and  421,000  Global 
Depositary Receipts, equivalent to 1,684,000 shares (totalling 6,890,593 shares). The total amount 
paid for acquiring the shares and Global Depositary Receipts was RON 75,372 thousand.

(c) Revaluation reserve

.

The reconciliation between opening and closing balance of revaluation reserve is as follows:

Balance at 1 January
Release of revaluation 
reserve to retained 
earnings corresponding 
to depreciation and 
disposals of property, 
plant and equipment

Balance as at 31 
December

(d) Legal reserves

2022

2021

102,829

116,372

(10,712)

(13,543)

92,117

102,829

Legal reserves are set up as 5% of the gross profit for the year in the statutory individual fi-
nancial statements of the companies within the Group, until the total legal reserves reach 20% of the 

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

381

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
paid-up nominal share capital of each company, according to the legislation. These reserves are de-
ductible for income tax purposes and are not distributable.

Balance at 1 January 2021
Set-up of legal reserves
Balance at 31 December 2021
Set-up of legal reserves
Balance at 31 December 2022

(e) Dividends 

Legal reserves

392,276
16,129
408,405
21,178
429,583

Romanian companies may distribute dividends from statutory profits, according to the sepa-

rate financial statements prepared in accordance with Romanian accounting regulations.

The dividends declared by the Company in 2022 and 2021 (from the statutory profits of pre-

vious years) are as follows:

Distribution of dividends

2022

2021

To the owners of the Company
Total

152,798
152,798

247,874
247,874

On 20 April 2022 the General Shareholders Meeting of the Company approved dividend dis-
tribution of RON 152,799 thousand (2021: RON 247,874 thousand). The dividend per share distribu-
ted is RON 0.45 per share (2021: RON 0.73 per share). When calculating the dividend per share, the 
Company’s repurchased own shares (6,890,593 shares) were not considered as outstanding shares 
and are deducted from the total number of issued ordinary shares.

Out of the dividends declared by the Company of RON 152,799 thousand (2021: RON 247,874 
thousand),  the  dividends  paid  were  of  RON  152,447  thousand  (2021:  RON  247,258  thousand)  the 
remaining difference represents dividends uncollected by the shareholders.

26 Trade payables 

Electricity suppliers
Capital expenditure suppliers
Other suppliers
Total 

 31 December 
2022

 31 December 
2021

970,815
243,715
192,567
1,407,097

619,653
156,546
115,136
891,335

Electricity suppliers are mainly state-owned electricity producers, as detailed in Note 32, but 

also other participants to the electricity market. 

.

Other suppliers include suppliers of services, materials, consumables, etc.

27 Other payables 

VAT payable
Liabilities towards 
the State
Other liabilities
Total 

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

 Current

Non-current

Current

Non-current

565,075

11,733

290,728
867,536

-

-

72,432
72,432

133,833

7,148

130,282
271,263

-

-

32,732
32,732

Other liabilities include mainly guarantees, sundry creditors, connection fees, habitat tax and 
cogeneration contribution. Other non-current liabilities refer to guarantees from customers related 
to electricity supply.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

382

28 Provisions 

Balance at 1 January 
2022
Provisions recognized
Provisions utilised
Provisions reversed 
Balance at 31 December 
2022

Tax related

Other

Total

1,084

-
-
-

1,084

33,838

40,800
(3,021)
(19,000)

52,617

34,922

40,800
(3,021)
(19,000)

53,701

As at 31 December 2022, provisions refer mainly to benefits upon the termination of execu-
tive  directors’  mandate  contracts  in  the  form  of  a  non-compete  clause  amounting  to  RON  1,839 
thousand (31 December 2021: RON 3,971 thousand) and for various claims and litigations involving 
the  Group  companies  in  amount  of  RON  51,8623  thousand  (31  December  2021:  RON  30,951 
thousand).

For the supply segment, during 2022 the Group set up a provision on the supply segment in 
amount of RON 3,880 thousand in relation to a claim with EDPR Romania SRL. Also, starting with 
July 2022, from the amendment of the Performance Standard 82/2021, the compensations are cal-
culated daily or weekly and paid to the customers. Thus, for the provision recognized until 30 June 
2022, was recorded a reversal in amount of RON 7,947 thousand and an additional provision of RON 
6,900 thousand was set up for the period July-December 2022.

For the distribution segment, during 2022 was recorded a provision in amount of RON 24,345 thou-
sand with ANCOM. Through the action formulated in file 7407/2/2020, ANCOM Decision 1177/13.11.2020 which 
established the pole rent rates for former SDEE MN, SDEE TN, SDEE TS (actual DEER) was challenged. Decision 
1177/13.11.2020 was issued by ANCOM as a result of Telekom Romania’s appeal, dissatisfied with the tariffs char-
ged by former SDEE MN, SDEE TN and SDEE TS (actual DEER), based on the study approved at the Group level. 
In  2022,  The  Court  of  Appeal  of  Bucharest  rejected  the  appeal  filed  by  DEER  through  sentence  2509/2022, 
therefore, the Group recorded a provision in this regard, calculated as the difference between the rates in the 
contract and those in the ANCOM decision.

29 Bank borrowings and overdrafts

Drawings and repayments of borrowings during the year ended 31 December 2022 were as 

follows:

Balance at 1 January 
2022
Drawings of 
borrowings during 
the period, out of 
which:

EBRD

Eximbank Romania
Vista Bank
Total drawings
Accumulated 
interest
Payment of interest
out of which paid in 
2021
Reimbursements, 
out of which:
BRD
BRD
BRD
Banca Transilvania

Currency

Interest rate

Maturity year

Amount (RON 
thousand)

628,489

.

RON

RON
RON

RON
RON
RON
RON

Floating rate (1.15% 
+ interbank rate + 
ROBOR spread)
ROBOR 3M+1.65%
ROBOR 3M+2.95%

3,99%
3.85%
3,85%
4.59%

2031

2024
2024

2026
2028
2028
2027

113,451

4,110
100,000
217,561

9,124

28,957

(1,536)

92,925

20,800
11,432
14,286
17,857

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

383

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unicredit Bank
BCR
Balance at 31 
December 2022

Currency

Interest rate

Maturity year

RON
RON

3.85%
ROBOR 3M+1%

2026            
2028

Amount (RON 
thousand)

9,600
18,950

760,713

As at 31 December 2022, respectively 31 December 2021, the bank borrowings is as follows:

Lender

Borrower

Balance at 31 December 
2022

Balance at 31 December 
2021

Banca Transilvania

UniCredit Bank

BRD

BRD

BRD

BCR

EBRD

Eximbank Romania

Vista Bank

Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania (fosta 
SDEE Transilvania Sud 
S.A.)
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania (fosta 
SDEE Transilvania Nord 
S.A.)
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania (fosta 
SDEE Muntenia Nord S.A.)
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania (fosta 
SDEE Transilvania Nord 
S.A.)
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania (fosta 
SDEE Transilvania Sud 
S.A.)
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania (fosta 
SDEE Muntenia Nord S.A.)
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania
Societatea Energetica 
Electrica S.A.

Total
Less: current portion of the long-term bank 
borrowings
Less: accumulated interest
Total long-term borrowings, net of current portion

Bank Borrowings description

 Investment loan granted by Banca Transilvania

80,367

98,227

38,793

48,498

83,200

104,000

78,571

92,857

62,904

74,342

109,785

202,983

4,110

100,000

760,713

(104,400)

(9,120)
647,193

128,243

82,322

0

0

628,489

(508,197)

(1,536)
118,756

On 18 July 2019, Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Sud S.A., currently 
Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A., as a borrower, concluded with Banca Transilvania an in-
vestment credit agreement with the purpose of financing investments in the electricity distribution 
network, according to the investment plan. Main provisions are: Maximum loan amount: RON 125,000 
thousand;  Interest  rate:  fixed,  4.59%  per  annum;  Reimbursements:  quarterly  instalments  until 
30.06.2027; Grace period: 12 months. As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is of RON 
80,367 thousand, of which RON 80,357 thousand principal and RON 10 thousand accrued interest. 
(Outstanding balance as at 31 December 2021: RON 98,227 thousand)

a) Investment loan granted by Unicredit Bank

On 13 November 2019, Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Nord S.A., 
currently Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A., as borrower, concluded with Unicredit Bank an 
investment credit agreement with the purpose of financing investments in the electricity distribution 
network, according to the investment plan. Main provisions are: Maximum loan amount: RON 60,000 

thousand; Interest rate: fixed, 3.85% per annum; Reimbursements: quarterly instalments until 13.11.2026; 
Grace period: 12 months. As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is of RON 38,793 thousand, 
of which RON 38,400 thousand principal and RON 393 thousand accrued interest. (Outstanding ba-
lance as at 31 December 2021: RON 48,498 thousand)

b) Investment loan granted by BRD – Groupe Societe Generale

On 29 October 2019, Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Muntenia Nord S.A., currently 
Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A., as borrower, concluded with BRD – Groupe Societe Generale 
an investment credit agreement with the purpose of financing investments in the electricity distributi-
on  network,  according  to  the  investment  plan.  Main  provisions  are:  Maximum  loan  amount:  RON 
130,000 thousand; Interest rate: fixed, 3.99% per annum; Reimbursements: quarterly instalments until 
28.10.2026;  Grace  period:  12  months.  As  at  31  December  2022,  the  outstanding  balance  is  of  RON 
83,200 thousand. (Outstanding balance as at 31 December 2021: RON 104,000 thousand)

c) Investment loan granted by BRD – Groupe Societe Generale

On 25 June 2020, Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Nord S.A., currently 
Distributie  Energie  Electrica  Romania  S.A.,  as  a  borrower,  concluded  with  BRD  –  Groupe  Societe 
Generale an investment credit agreement with the purpose of financing investments in the electricity 
distribution  network,  according  to  the  approved  investment  plan  for  2020.  Main  provisions  are: 
Maximum loan amount: RON 100,000 thousand; Interest rate: fixed, 3.85% per annum; Reimbursements: 
quarterly instalments until 2028; Grace period: 12 months. As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding 
balance  is  of  RON  78,571  thousand.  (Outstanding  balance  as  at  31  December  2021:  RON  92,857 
thousand)

d) Investment loan granted by BRD – Groupe Societe Generale

On 25 June 2020, Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Sud S.A., currently 
Distributie  Energie  Electrica  Romania  S.A.  as  a  borrower,  concluded  with  BRD  –  Groupe  Societe 
Generale an investment credit agreement with the purpose of financing investments in the electricity 
distribution  network,  according  to  the  approved  investment  plan  for  2020.  Main  provisions  are: 
Maximum loan amount: RON 80,000 thousand; Interest rate: fixed, 3.85% per annum; Reimbursements: 
quarterly instalments until 2028; Grace period: 12 months. As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding 
balance is RON 62,904 thousand, of which RON 62,857 thousand principal and RON 47 thousand ac-
crued interest. (Outstanding balance as at 31 December 2021: RON 74,342 thousand)

e) Investment loan granted by Banca Comerciala Romana (“BCR”)

On  17  September  2020,  Societatea  de  Distributie  a  Energiei  Electrica  Muntenia  Nord  S.A., 
currently Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A., as a borrower and Electrica SA as a guarantor, 
concluded with Banca Comerciala Romana S.A. an investment credit agreement with the purpose of 
financing  investments  in  the  electricity  distribution  network,  according  to  the  approved  investment 
plan for 2020. Main provisions are: Maximum loan amount: Ron 155,000 thousand; Interest rate: ROBOR 
3M+1% per annum; Reimbursements: quarterly instalments until 2028; Grace period: 12 months. As at 
31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is RON 109,785 thousand, of which RON 108,961 thousand 
principal and RON 824 thousand accrued interest. (Outstanding balance as at 31 December 2021: RON 
128,243 thousand)

f) Investment  loan  granted  by  the  European  Bank  for  Reconstruction  and  Development 
(“BERD”)

On 2 July 2021, Societatea de Distributie Energie Electrica Romania SA, as a borrower, conclu-
ded with the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development a credit agreement for investments 
in order to finance investments in the electricity distribution network according to the 2021-2023 in-
vestment plan. The main provisions are: The maximum value of the loan RON 195,136 thousand; Interest 
rate: agreed individually for each tranche drawn; Repayments: 17 half-yearly instalments until 31.07.2031; 
Grace period: 24 months. As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is RON 202,983 thousand, 
of which RON 195,136 thousand principal and RON 7,847 thousand accrued interest. The loan agree-
ment is guaranteed by Electrica SA. 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

385

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

384

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
g) Investment loan granted by the European Investment Bank (“BEI”)

Financial Covenants

On 14 July 2021, Societatea de Distributie Energie Electrica Romania SA, as a borrower, con-
cluded with the European Investment Bank an investment credit contract for the purpose of finan-
cing investments in the electricity distribution network according to the 2021-2023 investment plan. 
The  main  provisions  are:  Maximum  value  of  the  loan:  EUR  120,000  thousand;  Interest  rate  and 
Repayments will be agreed individually for each tranche drawn. On 31 December 2022, the outstan-
ding balance is Nil as no withdraw was made from the loan. The loan agreement is guaranteed by 
Electrica SA.

The financial covenants specified in the agreements with BRD – Groupe Societe Generale, 
Unicredit  Bank,  Banca  Comerciala  Romana,  European  Bank  for  Reconstruction  and  Development 
and European Investment Bank have been fulfilled as at 31 December 2022.

Pledged Assets

On 31 December 2022, for several overdrafts the Group has pledges (guarantees) for trade 

receivables amounts, as specified on contracts.

h) Loan for financing current activity granted by Eximbank Romania

Bank Guarantees

On  22  December  2022,  Distributie  Energie  Electrica  Romania  S.A.,  as  a  borrower,  concluded  with 
Eximbank  Romania  a  credit  agreement  for  a  period  of  24  months.  The  main  provisions  are:  Maximum  loan 
amount: 250,000 thousand RON; Interest rate: ROBOR 3M +1.65 % p.a.; Repayments: 6 equal quarterly instal-
ments; Grace period: 6 months. 

On  31  December  2022,  the  outstanding  balance  is  RON  4,110  thousand.  The  loan  benefits 

from a guarantee in the name and account of the state and is guaranteed by Electrica SA.

i) Line of Credit for working capital and for issuing Bank Guarantee Letters granted by Vista 
Bank

On 30 December 2022, Societatea Energetica Electrica S.A., as the borrower, concluded a contract for 
a line of credit for working capital and for the issuance of Bank Guarantee Letters granted by Vista Bank for a 
period of 18 months. The main provisions are: Maximum credit amount: 100,000 thousand RON; Interest rate: 
ROBOR 3M +2.95 % p.a.; full refund at maturity. On 31 December 2022, the balance of the loan is 100,000 thou-
sand RON.

Overdrafts

Until the authorization for issue of these Consolidated Financial Statements by the Board of 
Directors,  the  Group  has  overdrafts  from  various  banks  (ING  Bank  N.V.,  Raiffeisen  Bank,  Banca 
Comerciala Romana, Banca Transilvania, BNP Paribas, Intesa Sanpaolo Bank, BRD – Groupe Societe 
Generale S.A., Alpha Bank and UniCredit) with a total overdraft limit of up to RON 2,743,542 thou-
sand (Total overdraft limit as at 31 december 2021: RON 1,830,000 thousand).

The overdraft facilities are used for financing activities. The outstanding balance of the over-
draft facilities as at 31 December 2022 is of RON 2,571,037 thousand (31 December 2021: RON 627,402 
thousand). 

Lender (overdrafts)

Borrower

Balance at 31 December 
2022

Balance at 31 December 
2021

ING Bank N.V

Alpha Bank
BCR
BRD
Banca Transilvania
ING Bank N.V
Raiffeisen Bank
UniCredit Bank 

BCR

Banca Transilvania

ING Bank N.V

Intesa San Paolo

Raiffeisen Bank

Total overdrafts

Societatea Energetica 
Electrica S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania S.A
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania S.A
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania S.A
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania S.A
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania S.A

209,138

147,497
227,311
216,570
185,528
169,600
343,001
300,294

208,412

158,965

49,855

135,096

219,770

2,571,037

120,691

-
16,125
-
-
-
282,477
-

-

109,748

-

98,361

-

627,402

The maximum limit of the facility for issuing bank guarantees (credit facility for issuing gu-
arantee instruments and multi-product lines) RON 2,502,000 thousand, of which non-cash uses RON 
1,045,153 thousand.

Financial instruments

30 Financial instruments - fair values and risk management

(a) Accounting classifications and fair values

Financial assets are measured at amortised cost as they are held within a business model to 
collect contractual cash flows and these cash flows consist solely of payments of principal and inte-
rest on the principal amount outstanding.

The Group assessed that the carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of the fair value 

for the financial assets and financial liabilities.

(b) Financial risk management

The Group has exposure to the following risks arising from financial instruments:
 y credit risk; 
 y liquidity risk; 
 y market risk.

These risks are further explained and detailed.

(i) Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or counterparty to a financial 
instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations, and arises principally from the Group’s receiva-
bles from customers, cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and bank deposits.

The Group’s exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the individual characteristics of 

each customer. In the past, the Group had a high credit risk mainly from State-owned companies. 

Cash and bank deposits are placed in financial institutions which are considered to have low 

risk of default.

The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure.

Trade receivables

The Group’s credit risk in respect of receivables was concentrated in the past around sta-
te-controlled companies and in the recent years refers to clients that are facing financial difficulties 
in their industries due to specific changes in circumstances in their industry sector. The Group has 
implemented a policy on credit risk management and is also considering securing trade receivables. 
Also, the electricity supply contracts include termination clauses in certain circumstances.

The Group establishes an allowance for impairment that represents the amount of expected 

credit losses, calculated based on the expected loss rates.

Impairment

The  following  table  provides  information  about  the  exposure  to  credit  risk  and  expected 

credit losses for trade receivables for customers as at 31 December 2022:

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

387

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

386

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expected 
credit loss rates 
(“ECL”)

Gross value

Lifetime ECL

Net trade 
receivables

Credit impaired

31 December 2022

Neither past due 
nor impaired
Past due 1-30 
days
Past due 31-60 
days
Past due 61-90 
days
Past due more 
than 90 days
Total

3%

4%

16%

35%

95%

1,951,656

(60,310)

1,891,346

490,985

(19,342)

471,643

66,365

(10,488)

27,259

(9,671)

55,877

17,588

582,426

(552,878) 

29,548

3,118,691

(652,689) 

2,466,002

No

No

No

No

Yes

The  Group  performed  a  sensitivity  analysis  and  a  5%  increase  in  the  expected  credit  loss 

rates would not lead a material impact on the results of the Group. 

The  following  table  provides  information  about  the  exposure  to  credit  risk  and  expected 

credit losses for trade receivables for customers as at 31 December 2021:

Expected 
credit loss rates 
(“ECL”)

Gross value

Lifetime ECL

Net trade 
receivables

Credit impaired

31 December 2021

Neither past due 
nor impaired
Past due 1-30 
days
Past due 31-60 
days
Past due 61-90 
days
Past due more 
than 90 days
Total

2%

5%

15%

38%

98%

  1,080,179 

         (16,615)

1,063,564 

    228,537 

           (10,598)

      217,939 

      36,646 

           (5,317)

       31,329 

15,428 

           (5,930)

       9,498 

964,687 

(942,398)

22,289 

2,325,477

(980,858)

1,344,619

No

No

No

No

Yes

Details of the main movements in the allowances for doubtful debts are disclosed in Note 18.

(ii) Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations 
associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. 
The Group’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will have sufficient 
liquidity to meet its liabilities when they are due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without 
incurring unacceptable losses.

The Group aims to maintain the level of its cash and cash equivalents at an amount in excess 
of expected cash outflows on financial liabilities. The Group also monitors the level of expected cash 
inflows on trade receivables together with expected cash outflows on trade and other payables. In 
addition, the Group maintains overdrafts (refer to Note 29).

Exposure to liquidity risk

The following are the remaining contractual maturities of financial liabilities at the reporting 

date. The amounts are gross and undiscounted.

Financial 
liabilities
31 December 
2022
Bank 
overdrafts

Carrying 
amount

Contractual cash flows

Total

less than 1 
year

1-2 years

2-5 years

More than 5 
years

2,571,037

2,571,037

2,571,037

-

-

-

Carrying 
amount

Contractual cash flows

Total

less than 1 
year

1-2 years

2-5 years

More than 5 
years

53,673

53,673

19,211

10,795

10,645

13,022

760,713

760,713

113,520

354,471

200,505

92,217

1,407,097

1,407,097

1,407,097

-

-

-

4,792,520

4,792,520

4,110,865

365,266

211,150

105,239

627,402

627,402

627,402

21,544

21,544

9,442

-

4,874

-

5,071

-

2,157

628,489

628,489

509,733

27,455

82,372

8,929

891,335

891,335

891,335

-

-

-

2,168,770 

2,168,770 

2,037,912 

32,329 

87,443 

11,086 

Financial 
liabilities
Lease liability
Long 
term bank 
borrowings
Trade 
payables
Total

31 December 
2021
Bank 
overdrafts
Lease liability
Long-
term bank 
borrowings 
Trade 
payables
Total

(iii) Market risk

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices – such as foreign exchange rates and 
interest rates – will affect the Group’s income or the value of its financial instruments held. The ob-
jective of market risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures within acceptable 
parameters, while optimising the return.

Currency risk

The Group is exposed to currency risk to the extent that there is a mismatch between the 
currencies in which sales, purchases and borrowings are denominated and the functional currency of 
the Group. The functional currency of all entities belonging to the Group is the Romanian Leu (RON). 

The currency in which these transactions are primarily denominated is RON. Certain liabili-
ties  are  denominated  in  foreign  currency  (EUR).  The  Group  also  has  deposits  and  bank  accounts 
denominated in foreign currency (EUR). The Group’s policy is to use the local currency in its transac-
tions as far as practically possible. The Group does not use derivative or hedging instruments.

Exposure to currency risk

The summary of quantitative data about the Group’s exposure to currency risk is as follows:

.

31 December 2022
denominated in EUR

in thousands of RON
Cash and cash equivalents
Lease liability
Net statement of financial position 
exposure
The following significant exchange rates have been applied during the year:

277
(21,004) 

(20,727)

31 December 2021
denominated in EUR

812
(19,118)

(18,306)

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

RON
EUR 1

Average rate

Year-end spot rate

2022

2021

2022

2021

4.9315

4.9204

4.9474

4.9481

Sensitivity analysis

A reasonably possible strengthening (weakening) of the EUR against RON at 31 December 
would have affected the measurement of financial instruments denominated in a foreign currency 
and profit before tax by the amounts shown below. The analysis assumes that all other variables, in 
particular interest rates, remain constant and ignores any impact of forecast sales and purchases.

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

389

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

388

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Effect
31 December 2022
EUR (5% movement)
31 December 2021
EUR (5% movement)

Interest rate risk

Profit before tax

Strengthening

Weakening

Other information

31 Acquisition of subsidiaries 

(1,036) 

(915)

1,036

915

For financing purposes, the Group uses both medium and long-term bank loans and short 

term loans in the form of overdraft facilities (please see Notes 20, 30).

The Group is exposed to interest rate risk because entities in the Group borrow funds at both 
fixed and floating interest rates. The risk is managed by the Group by maintaining an appropriate mix 
between fixed and floating rate borrowings (please see Notes 20, 30), as the long term borrowings 
are contracted mainly at fixed rates, while the overdraft facilities bear variable rates. The Group does 
not have in place hedging contracts for interest rate. 

The Groups exposures to interest rates on financial assets and financial liabilities are detailed 
below. The Group is exposed to the interest rate benchmark ROBOR, which is the interest rate on the 
Romanian interbank market. 

Exposure to interest rate risk

The interest rate profile of the Group’s interest-bearing financial instruments is as follows:

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

Fixed-rate instruments
Financial assets
Call deposits 
Financial liabilities
Long-term bank borrowings
Lease liability

Variable-rate instruments
Financial liabilities
Lease liability
Long-term bank borrowings
Bank overdrafts

193,219

(651,752)
(37,378)
(495,911)

(16,295)
(108,961)
(2,571,037)
(2,696,293)

53,897

(418,893)
(8,276)
(373,272)

(13,268)
(209,596)
(627,402)
(850,266)

Fair value sensitivity analysis for fixed-rate instruments

.

The Group does not account for any fixed-rate financial assets or financial liabilities at fair 
value  through  profit  or  loss.  Therefore,  a  change  in  interest  rates  at  the  reporting  date  would  not 
affect profit or loss. 

Cash flow sensitivity analysis for variable-rate instruments

A reasonably possible change of 50 basis points in interest rates at the reporting date would 
have increased (decreased) profit before tax by the amounts shown below. This analysis assumes 
that all other variables, in particular foreign currency exchange rates, remain constant.

31 December 2022
Variable-rate instruments
31 December 2021
Variable-rate instruments

Profit before tax

50 bp increase

50 bp decrease

(13,481) 

(4,251) 

13,481

4,251 

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

390

On 6 September 2022, Electrica acquired 75% of Green Energy Consultancy & Investments 

S.R.L.  shares granting control of the entity.  

On 21 March 2022 the Group acquired an additional 30% of the shares and voting interests 
in Sunwind Energy S.R.L.. As a result, the Group’s equity interest increased from 30% to 60%, gaining 
control of Sunwind Energy S.R.L.. 

On 27 May 2022 the Group acquired an additional 30% of the shares and voting interests in 
New Trend Energy S.R.L.. As a result, the Group’s equity interest increased from 30% to 60%, gaining 
control of New Trend Energy S.R.L.. 

The  Group  has  concluded  that  the  new  purchased  subsidiaries  represent  a  business 

combination. 

Taking control of both New Trend Energy S.R.L. and Sunwind Energy S.R.L. will enable the 

Group to develop a portfolio of electricity generation capacities from renewable sources.

A. Consideration transferred 

The Consideration transferred for the shares acquired was as follows:

Green Energy 
Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L.  
(31 August 2022)

New Trend Energy 
S.R.L.
(31 May 2022)

Sunwind Energy 
S.R.L.
(31 March 2022)

Total

Cash

Fair value of pre-
existing interest 
Consideration 
transferred 

 1,446 

 -   

 1,446 

802

4,786

5,588

2,204

2,190

4,394

       4,452 

       6,976 

     11,428 

B. Acquisition-related costs

The Group incurred acquisition-related costs of RON 100 thousand relating to external legal 
fees and due diligence costs. These costs have been included in “Other operating expenses” in the 
condensed consolidated statement of profit or loss.

C. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed

The  following  table  summarises  the  recognised  amounts  of  assets  acquired  and  liabilities 

assumed at the date of acquisition:

Green Energy 
Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L.  
(31 August 2022)

New Trend Energy 
S.R.L.
(31 May 2022)

Sunwind Energy 
S.R.L.
(31 March 2022)

Total

 239 

 -   

 -   

 1 

 273 

 6,095 

 46 

 7 

 163 

 2,862 

 20 

 -   

 675 

 8,957 

 66 

 8 

                 240 

              6,421 

             3,045 

         9,706

 (196)

 -   

 -   

 (47)

 (1)

 (1)

 (198)

 (6,764)

 (3,184)

 (9,948)

 (332)

 (8)

 (191)

-

 (523)

 (55)

Property, plant and 
equipment
Right of use assets
Trade and other 
receivables
Cash and Cash 
equivalents
Total assets

Trade and other 
payables
Finance lease 
liability
Other non-current 
liabilities
Other payables

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

391

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                 
Total liabilities
Net assets

 (243)
 (3)

 (7,105)
 (684)

 (3,376)
 (331)

     (10,724)
(1,018)

and system services and sale of electricity. Significant purchases and balances are mainly with ener-
gy producers/suppliers, as follows:

D. Goodwill

Goodwill arising from the acquisition has been recognised as follows:

Green Energy 
Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L.
(31 August 2022)

New Trend Energy 
S.R.L.
(31 May 2022)

Sunwind Energy 
S.R.L.
(31 March 2022)

Total

 1,446 

 5,588 

 4,394 

 11,428 

 (1)

 (274)

 (132)

 (407)

 3 

 1,448 

 684 

 5,998 

 331 

 1,018 

 4,593 

 12,039 

Consideration 
transferred
NCI, based on 
their proportionate 
interest in the 
recognised amounts 
of the assets and 
liabilities 
Fair value of 
identifiable net 
assets
Goodwill

The goodwill is attributable mainly to the know-how of the projects and the synergies expec-
ted to be achieved from integrating the companies into the Group’s existing business. The manage-
ment has concluded by assessing internal and external sources, that there is no indication that the 
goodwill  may  be  impaired.  None  of  the  goodwill  recognized  is  expected  to  be  deductible  for  tax 
purposes.

32 Related parties 

(a) Main shareholders

As  at  31  December  2022  and  31  December  2021,  the  major  shareholder  of  Societatea 
Energetica Electrica S.A. is the Romanian State, represented by the Ministry of Energy with a share 
of ownership of 48.79% from the share capital.

(b) Management and administrators’ compensation

Executive Management 
compensation

2022

2021

34,726

34,429

Executive management compensation refers to both the managers with mandate contract 
and those with labour contract, from both the subsidiaries and Electrica SA. This also includes the 
benefits in the event of the termination of mandate contracts for executive directors.

Compensations granted to the members of the Board of Directors were as follows:

2022

2021

Members of Board of Directors 

3,063

3,992

Electrica SA’s Board of Directors comprises 7 members. According to the remuneration po-
licy approved by the General Meeting of Shareholders that took place on 20 April 2022, the annual 
number of paid sessions is limited to twelve for Board of Directors meetings and to six for each of 
the  committees.  Additional  committee  meetings  can  be  organized  only  in  exceptional  situations, 
upon  the  Chairs’  committee  decision,  who  are  responsible  to  efficiently  organize  the  agenda  and 
activity. However, only one such additional meeting shall be remunerated, for each committee.

No loans were granted to directors or administrators in 2022 and 2021.

(c) Transactions with companies in which the state has control or significant influence

The Group has transactions with companies in which the State has control or significant in-
fluence in the ordinary course of business, related mainly to the acquisition of electricity, transport 

Supplier
OPCOM
Transelectrica
Nuclearelectrica
Hidroelectrica
Complexul Energetic 
Oltenia
OMV Petrom SA
SNGN Romgaz SA
Electrocentrale 
Bucuresti
ANRE
Transgaz
Others
Total

Purchases (without VAT)

2022

2021

2,727,101
968,470
866,763
581,598

478,813
261,123
197,490

191,862
10,458
8,029
7,768
6,299,475

1,700,630
756,925
512,915
241,722

396,072
-
10,727

34,776
10,320
8,958
7,889
3,680,934

Balance (including VAT)

31 December 2022
23,981
185,856
93,013
42,493

45,257
26,349
7,445

-
14
986
1,168
426,562

31 December 2021

29,203
155,931
43,343
19,711

31,502
-
3,305

-
132
1,226
1,332
285,685

The Group also makes sales to companies in which the State has control or significant influence 
representing supply of electricity, of which the most important transactions are the following:

Client
OPCOM 
Transelectrica
SNGN Romgaz SA
Hidroelectrica
CN Romarm
CFR Electrificare
Transgaz
CN Remin SA
C.N.C.A.F MINVEST 
SA
-Oltchim
CET Braila
Termoelectrica
Others
Total

Client

OPCOM 

Transelectrica

SNGN Romgaz SA

Hidroelectrica

CN Romarm

CFR Electrificare

C.N.C.F CFR SA

CNAIR

Municipiul Galati

Sales 
(without VAT)
2022

Balance, gross 
(including VAT)

Allowance 
(including VAT)
31 December 2022

Balance, net

326,640
314,253
86,353
68,716
17,386
10,332
11,580
704
-

-
5
0
127,686
963,655

22,630
112,754
2,253
16,429
648
2,089
764
71,279
26,802

115,943
3,365
1,206
11,277
387,439

-
-
9
-
0
-
0
71,148
26,802

115,943
3,361
1,206
522
218,991

22,630
112,754
2,245
16,429
648
2,089
764
132

                 -

-
3
-
10,754
168,448

.

Sales 
(without VAT)

Balance, gross 
(including VAT)

Allowance 
(including VAT)

Balance, net

2021

31 December 2021

162,855

92,505

48,099

19,622

14,156

10,410

8,281

6,928

4,568

28,468

27,091

1,664

2,638

1,093

507

701

962

12

-

-

-

-

-

-

(1)

-

(12)

28,468

27,091

1,664

2,638

1,093

507

700

962

-

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

393

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

392

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Client

Transgaz

CN Remin SA

C.N.C.A.F MINVEST 
SA

Oltchim

CET Braila

Termoelectrica

National Agency for 
Payments and Social 
Inspection 

Ministry of Energy

Altii

Total

Sales 
(without VAT)

Balance, gross 
(including VAT)

Allowance 
(including VAT)

Balance, net

2021

31 December 2021

2,249

700

-

-

9

-

-

-

32,956

403,338

1,571

71,216

26,802

-

(71,216)

(26,802)

536,156

(536,156)

3,361

1,206

59,271

11,420

2,204

(3,361)

(1,206)

-

-

(536)

776,343

(639,290)

1,571

-

-

-

-

-

59,271

11,420

1,668

137,053

33 Contingencies 

Contingent liabilities

Fiscal environment

Tax  audits  are  frequent  in  Romania,  consisting  of  detailed  verifications  of  the  accounting 
records of taxpayers. Such audits sometimes take place after months, even years, from the date lia-
bilities are established. Consequently, companies may be found liable for significant taxes and fines. 
Moreover, tax legislation is subject to frequent changes and the authorities demonstrate inconsisten-
cy in interpretation of the law.

Income tax returns may be subject to revision and corrections by tax authorities, generally 

for a five-year period after they are completed.

The Group may incur expenses related to previous years’ tax adjustments as a result of con-
trols and litigations with tax authorities. The management of the Group believes that adequate pro-
visions  were  recorded  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  for  all  significant  tax  obligations; 
however a risk persists that the tax authorities might have different positions.

Tax inspection report for SDEE Muntenia Nord S.A.

The subsidiary SDEE Muntenia Nord S.A. was subject to a tax audit performed by the Local 
Taxes Department of Galati City Hall that referred to the building taxes paid for the period 2012-2016. 
The tax audit was finalized in December 2019, when the fiscal inspection report was communicated 
to the subsidiary. The fiscal report established additional payment obligations for the subsidiary re-
presenting building tax for the period 01.01.2012-31.12.2015 in the total amount of RON 24,831 thou-
sand, of which principal in amount of RON 12,051 thousand and related late penalties computed as of 
October 2019, in amount of RON 12,780 thousand. The amount of late charges was recalculated to 
RON  13,021  thousand  between  the  tax  inspection  report  date  and  principal  debt  payment  date. 
Litigious actions were started in order to challenge the tax inspection report.

The Group recognised an expense in amount of RON 12,051 thousand during the year ended 
31  December  2019  in  accordance  with  IFRIC  23  „Uncertainty  over  Income  Tax  Treatments”.  At  the 
same time, for the late penalties in the amount of RON 13,021 thousand, a letter of bank guarantee 
was established in the amount of RON 13,021 thousand valid until 10 August 2023, in order to mitiga-
te the associated risks.

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

394

Other litigations and claims

The  Group  is  involved  in  a  series  of  litigations  and  claims  (ie.  with  ANRE,  NAFA,  Court  of 

Accounts, claims for damages, claims over land titles, labour related litigations etc.). 

As summarised in Note 28, the Group set-up provisions for the litigations or claims for which 
the management assessed as probable the outflow of resources embodying economic benefits due 
to low chances of favourable outcomes of those litigations or disputes. The Group does not present 
information in the financial statements and did not set-up provisions for items for which the mana-
gement assessed as remote the possibility of outflow of economic benefits.

The  Group  discloses  if  the  case  information  on  the  most  significant  items  of  litigations  or 
claims for which the Group did not set-up provisions as they relate to possible obligations that arise 
from past events whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of 
uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Group (ie. litigations for which different 
inconsistent sentences were issued by the Courts, or litigations which are in early stages and no pre-
liminary ruling was issued so far).

34 Commitments

(a) Contractual commitments

 Contractual commitments as at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 are as follows:

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

Purchase of electricity
Purchase of green certificates
Purchase of property, plant and 
equipment and intangible assets
Purchase of investments
Total

(b) Investment program

802,252
129,246

446,937
289,636
1,668,071

The investment program at Group level approved for the year 2023 is as follows:

2023

Distribution activity
Supply activity
Maintenance activity
Production activity
Other/ shared
Total

3,200,154
132,937

212,930
60,485
3,606,506

848,800
61,200
10,500
343,000
33,500
1,297,000

The capital expenditures actually incurred may differ from the ones planned.

.

(c) Guarantees and pledges

At 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, the Group has guarantees on its bank accounts 
opened at ING Bank N.V., Raiffeisen Bank, Banca Comerciala Romana, Banca Transilvania and Intesa 
Sanpaolo Bank for the overdrafts contracted (please see Note 29), and also on its bank accounts 
opened at BRD – Group Societe Generale, Unicredit Bank, Banca Transilvania and Banca Comerciala 
Romana for the long-term borrowings contracted (please see Note 29). 

At 31 December 2022, the Group has outstanding bank letters of guarantee of RON 952,008 

thousand (31 December 2021: RON 1,088,629 thousand) issued in favour of its suppliers.

(d) Audit fees

The  audit  fees  for  the  consolidated  financial  statements  were  in  amount  of  957  thousand 
RON, and during the year 2022, non-audit services fees were in amount of 377 thousand RON (limi-
ted review of the interim consolidated financial statements, verification of the degree of fulfilment of 
the financial indicators stipulated in the contract, analysis and verification of transactions reported 
according to art. 923 para. 5 of Law no. 24/2017).

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

395

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)
AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

35 Subsequent events 

Vulturu project

The project company Green Energy Consultancy & Investments S.R.L, having as main object 
of activity the production of energy from photovoltaic sources, was acquired 100% on 6 February 
2023, until 31 December 2022 was acquired 75% (please see note 1). Green Energy Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L. develops the photovoltaic project “Vulturu”, with a designed installed capacity of 
12 MWp DC (peak power at the panels level) and 9.75 MW AC (authorised power for delivery into the 
grid), located near Vulturu locality, Vrancea county. The project is in the “ready-to-build” phase.

Concession agreements amendments

On  20  January  2023,  the  Ministry  of  Energy  as  concessionainre  amended  the  concession 
agreement with the Group for the distribution segment to reflect that in case of early termination of 
the  concession  agreement,  for  any  reasons,  the  cocessionaire  would  reimburse  to  the  Group  the 
value of actual costs with the purchase of electricity for own technological consumption compared 
to the costs included in the regulated tariffs.

The  amendments  to  the  concession  agreements  have  been  agreed  with  the  Ministry  of 
Finance before 31 December 2022, however the addendums were issued on 20 January 2023. As all 
facts  and  circumstances  were  available  as  of  31  December  2022,  the  Group  accounted  for  these 
amendments as a subsequent adjusting event for the year ended 31 December 2022 and recognised 
a intangible assets, which is further detailed in Note 23.

Chief Executive Officer
Alexandru – Aurelian Chirita

Chief Financial Officer
Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

07 March 2023

.

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

396

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

397

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report on the 
2022 Consolidated Financial Statements 
(OMFP 2844/2016)

398

399

Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (OMFP 2844/2016) 

Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (OMFP 2844/2016) 

Deloitte Audit S.R.L.  
Clădirea The Mark Tower,  
Calea Griviței nr. 82-98,  
Sector 1, 010735 
București, România 

Tel:  +40 21 222 16 61 
Fax:  +40 21 222 16 60 
www.deloitte.ro 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  

To the Shareholders, 
SOCIETATEA ENERGETICA ELECTRICA S.A. 

Report on the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements  

Opinion 

1.  We have audited the consolidated financial statements of SOCIETATEA ENERGETICA ELECTRICA S.A. and its subsidiaries (the 

Group), with registered office in Bucharest, District 1, Street Grigore Alexandrescu, No. 9, identified by unique tax registration 
code 13267221, which comprise the consolidated statement of financial position as at December 31, 2022, and the 
consolidated statement of comprehensive income, consolidated statement of changes in equity and consolidated statement 
of cash flows for the year then ended, and notes to the consolidated financial statements, including a summary of significant 
accounting policies and notes to the consolidated financial statements. 

2. 

The consolidated financial statements as at December 31, 2022 are identified as follows: 

•  Net assets / Equity  
•  Net profit for the financial year 

RON   5,367,246 thousand  
  RON     558,845 thousand  

3. 

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated 
financial position of the Group as at December 31, 2022, and its consolidated financial performance and its consolidated cash 
flows for the year then ended in accordance with Ministry of Finance Order 2844/2016, with subsequent amendments. 

Basis for Opinion 

4.  We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (ISAs), Regulation (EU) No. 537/2014 of the 

European Parliament and the Council (forth named “the Regulation”) and Law 162/2017 (“the Law”). Our responsibilities 
under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section 
of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the International Ethics Standards Board for 
Accountants’ Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (IESBA Code), in accordance with ethical requirements relevant for 
the audit of the financial statements in Romania including the Regulation and the Law and we have fulfilled our other ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements and the IESBA Code. We believe that the audit evidence we have 
obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Emphasis of Matter 

5.  We draw attention to Note 7 of the consolidated financial statements, which describes that starting from 2022 the Group 
prepares two sets of consolidated financial statements, one under statutory regulations, namely Ministry of Finance Order 
2844/2016 with subsequent amendments and one under International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the 
European Union (“IFRS”). These consolidated financial statements are prepared under OMF 2844/2016 with subsequent 
amendments, which differs from IFRS as summarized in Note 7. Consequently, these consolidated financial statements do not 
comply with IFRS. Our audit report is not modified in respect of this matter. 

Key Audit Matters 

6. 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the 
consolidated financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the 
consolidated financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion 
on these matters.  

Key audit matters 

How our audit addressed the key audit matter 

Capitalized Intangible Asset resulting from technological 
consumption losses incurred during 2022 

As presented in Note 23 to the consolidated financial 
statements, the Group has capitalized as intangible asset 
during 2022 the difference between the effective costs 
related to the acquisition of electricity and the costs 
included ex-ante by the market regulator in the tariffs for 
2022, related to technological consumption purposes. The 
income recorded following the recognition of the intangible 
asset, has been presented as Other income from 
production of intangible assets and amounts to RON 
989,291 thousand. 

The intangible asset is depreciated on a period of 5 years on 
a straight line basis.  

The change in the local accounting legislation was 
introduced starting with September 2022 (MOF 3900/2022) 
and permits electricity distributors to recognize regulatory 
deferral amounts only for the losses incurred during 2022. 

Given that under normal trading circumstances such assets 
are not recognized and also the significance of the amounts 
recorded as intangible assets we consider this to be a key 
audit matter 

Going Concern 

As presented in Note 6 the consolidated financial 
statements have been prepared on the going concern basis. 
The key judgement leading to this conclusion are set out in 
that note. 

In particular the Group operates in the electricity 
distribution and supply industry which is currently affected 
by the capping laws on sales to end customers. The 
Romanian authorities regulatory position is under review 
and there may be further laws enacted which could 
adversely impact the Group’s operating cash flows. In the 
forthcoming twelve months the Group will need to obtain 
additional financing and given the position of the Group 
and its significance to the Romanian economy management 
expects that all necessary financing will be made available. 

The ability of the Group to continue as a going concern is 
dependent on the successful extension of the existing debt 
facilities, drawdown of new financing and on stabilizing of 
the regulatory regime on energy prices as described in note 
6 which provides an appropriate margin to support 
servicing of the Group’s short and long term financings. 

In view of the significant judgements, the application and 
disclosures of the basis of the going concern assumption 
are considered a Key Audit Matter.  

In assessing whether the intangible asset has been properly 
recognized in the consolidated financial statements we 
performed the following procedures: 

•  We have obtained the confirmation received by the 
Group from the market regulator, confirming the 
amount recorded as intangible asset as at December 
31, 2022; 

•  We assessed whether the provisions of MOF 

2844/2016 with subsequent amendments have been 
properly applied in the consolidated financial 
statements; 

•  We have reviewed the management assessment of the 
recoverability of the intangible asset, which is based 
upon the regulatory framework for setting future 
tariffs; 

•  We assessed the adequacy of the disclosure in the 

consolidated financial statements. 

We have assessed managements valuation of the going concern 
assumption by performing the following procedures:  

•  We have obtained the cash flow forecasts and critically 
challenged the management and the Board of Directors 
and Audit Committee on the assumptions used;         

•  We considered whether at the date of this report 

additional information exist from the Romanian authorities 
with respect to the capping mechanism;                               

•  We have assessed the Group’s position on the existing 

debt facilities, covenant compliance and newly negotiated 
debt facilities, during 2023 until the date of this report; 

•  We considered the Group’s requirements to secure 

additional financing in light of its position in the Romanian 
market;                      

•  We assessed the adequacy of the disclosure of the basis of 

going concern assumption, including the key judgements 
adopted; 

Numele Deloitte se referă la organizația Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, o companie cu răspundere limitată din Marea Britanie, la firmele membre ale acesteia, în cadrul căreia 
fiecare firmă membră este o persoană juridică independentă. Pentru o descriere amănunțită a structurii legale a Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited și a firmelor membre, vă rugăm să 
accesați www.deloitte.com/ro/despre. 

2 

.

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I

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A
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C
E
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E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

400

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

401

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (OMFP 2844/2016) 

Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (OMFP 2844/2016) 

Key audit matters 

How our audit addressed the key audit matter 

Valuation of Retail accrued revenue, related to 
electricity supplied to households 

The Group recognizes at the end of each reporting 
period accrued revenue from the energy supply 
activity, related to the household population. If the 
actual meter readings are not available at the end of 
the reporting period, energy supplied to households is 
estimated based on internal information related to 
historical patterns of consumption. The degree of 
estimation uncertainty reduces from one period to 
another, however judgement is inherent in the 
valuation of the accrued revenue related to the 
household population.  

Because of the significance of the estimations around 
the accrued revenue related to the households and 
the inability of relying on the effectiveness of the 
controls, we consider the valuation of retail accrued 
revenue, related to households a key audit matter. 

The group has a number of IT systems across the businesses and we 
were not able to rely on the effectiveness of IT controls within the 
revenue cycle. The audit procedures adopted were substantive in 
nature and included the following: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Obtaining an understanding of the accounting policies used in 
the preparation of the consolidated financial statements, with 
respect to revenue recognition; 

Testing the reconciliation made by the Group between the 
quantity of electricity purchased for supply purposes and the 
quantity of electricity delivered from the supply activity; 

Testing the acquired electricity for supply purposes through a 
combination of direct confirmations received from the 
electricity producers and other supporting documents;  

Testing the revenues related to electricity supplied to 
customers on the free market through a combination of direct 
confirmations and other supporting documents; 

Testing the revenues related to electricity supplied to all 
customers on the universal service by means of independent re-
computation of the revenues, using the tariffs published for 
2022; and 

• 

Performing analytical procedures on all electricity sales. 

Other information – Administrator’s Report  

7. 

The administrators are responsible for preparation and presentation of the other information. The other information 
comprises the Administrator’s report and the Remuneration Report, but does not include the consolidated financial 
statements and our auditor’s report thereon. 

.

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, unless otherwise explicitly mentioned in 
our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022, our 
responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially 
inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially 
misstated. 

With respect to the Administrator’s report, we read it and report if this has been prepared, in all material respects, in 
accordance with the provisions of Ministry of Public Finance Order no. 2844/2016, with subsequent amendments. 

With respect to the Remuneration report, we read it and report if this has been prepared, in all material respects, in 
accordance with the provisions of Law 24/2017, articles. no. 106 – 107. 

On the sole basis of the procedures performed within the audit of the consolidated financial statements, in our opinion:  

a) 

b) 

the information included in the administrators’ report and the Remuneration report for the financial year for which 
the financial statements have been prepared, is consistent, in all material respects, with these financial statements; 

the administrators’ report has been prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the provisions of Ministry 
of Public Finance Order no. 2844/2016, with subsequent amendments,;  

.

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402

c) 

the Remuneration report has been prepared, in all material respects,  in accordance with the provisions of Law 
24/2017, articles. no. 106 – 107. 

Moreover, based on our knowledge and understanding concerning the Group and its environment gained during the audit of 
the consolidated financial statements prepared as at December 31, 2022, we are required to report if we have identified a 
material misstatement of this Administrator’s report and remuneration report. We have nothing to report in this regard.  

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Consolidated Financial Statements  

8.  Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance 
with Order 2844/2016, with subsequent amendments and for such internal control as management determines is necessary 
to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to 
fraud or error. 

9. 

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to continue 
as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting 
unless management either intends to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 

10.  Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Group’s financial reporting process. 

Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements 

11.  Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole are free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs will 
always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered 
material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users 
taken on the basis of these consolidated financial statements. 

12.  As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism 

throughout the audit. We also: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or 
error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and 
appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is 
higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, 
misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. 

Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are 
appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group's 
internal control. 

.

Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related 
disclosures made by management. 

Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the 
audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant 
doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are 
required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements or, 
if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up 
to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Group to cease to continue as a 
going concern. 

Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated financial statements, including the 
disclosures, and whether the consolidated financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a 
manner that achieves fair presentation.  

Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities 
within the Group to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, 
supervision and performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion. 

.

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403

3 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (OMFP 2844/2016) 

Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (OMFP 2844/2016) 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (OMFP 2844/2016) 

13.  We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the 
audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit. 

14.  We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements 
regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought 
to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards. 

15.  From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most 
significance in the audit of the financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We 
describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, 
in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse 
consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication. 

Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements  

16.  We have been appointed by the General Assembly of Shareholders April 28, 2021 to audit the consolidated financial 

statements of Societatea Energetica Electrica S.A. for the financial year ended December 31, 2022. The uninterrupted total 
duration of our commitment is 5 years, covering the financial years ended December 31, 2018 to December 31, 2022. 

We confirm that: 

•  Our audit opinion is consistent with the additional report submitted to the Audit Committee of the Company that we 

issued the same date we issued and this report. Also, in conducting our audit, we have retained our independence from 
the audited entity. 

•  No non-audit services referred to in Article 5 (1) of EU Regulation No. 537/2014 were provided. 

The engagement statutory auditor on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Răzvan Ungureanu.  

Răzvan Ungureanu, Statutory Auditor 

For signature, please refer to the original 
signed Romanian version. 

Registered in the Electronic Public Register of Financial  
Auditors and Audit Firms under AF 4866 

On behalf of: 

DELOITTE AUDIT SRL 

Registered in the Electronic Public Register of Financial  
Auditors and Audit Firms under FA 25 

The Mark Building, 84-98 and 100-102 Calea Griviței, 9th Floor, District 1 
Bucharest, Romania 
March 7, 2023 

5 

.

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405

.

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404

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 Consolidated Financial 
Statements (IFRS-EU)

406

407

2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS-EU)

2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS-EU)

2022 Consolidated 
Financial Statements 
(IFRS-EU)

SOCIETATEA ENERGETICA ELECTRICA S.A.

Consolidated Financial Statements

as at and for the year ended

31 December 2022

prepared in accordance with 

International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union 

.

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408

Content

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION (IFRS-EU) ..........................410
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS (IFRS-EU) ......................................412
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (IFRS-EU) ..............413
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (IFRS-EU) ............................414
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (IFRS-EU) ..............................................416
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU) ...................418
Basis of preparation .....................................................................................................................................418
1 Reporting entity and general information  .....................................................................................418
2 Basis of accounting  ................................................................................................................................424
3 Functional and presentation currency  ...........................................................................................424
4 Use of judgements and estimates  ....................................................................................................424

Accounting policies ......................................................................................................................................426
5 Basis of measurement  ...........................................................................................................................426
6 Significant accounting policies  .........................................................................................................426
7 Adoption of new and revised standards and interpretations .................................................440

Performance for the year ..........................................................................................................................442
8 Operating segments ...............................................................................................................................442
9 Revenue  ......................................................................................................................................................445
10 Electricity and natural gas purchased ...........................................................................................445
11 Other income and expenses ................................................................................................................445
12 Net finance cost ......................................................................................................................................446
13 Earnings/(loss) per share  ...................................................................................................................446

Employee benefits ........................................................................................................................................447
14 Short-term employee benefits  .........................................................................................................447
15 Post-employment and other long-term employee benefits  .................................................447
16 Employee benefit expenses  ..............................................................................................................450

Income taxes ....................................................................................................................................................450
17 Income taxes ............................................................................................................................................450
Assets ...................................................................................................................................................................452
18 Trade receivables  ...................................................................................................................................452
19 Other receivables  ..................................................................................................................................454
20 Cash and cash equivalents   ..............................................................................................................454
21 Inventories .................................................................................................................................................454
22 Property, plant and equipment ........................................................................................................455
23 Intangible assets  ....................................................................................................................................457
24 Investments in associates ...................................................................................................................459
25 Financial assets related to concession arrangements .............................................................460

Equity and liabilities .....................................................................................................................................460
26 Capital and reserves .............................................................................................................................460
27 Trade payables  ......................................................................................................................................462
28 Other payables  ......................................................................................................................................462
29 Provisions  ................................................................................................................................................462
30 Bank borrowings and overdrafts .....................................................................................................463

Financial instruments ..................................................................................................................................466
31 Financial instruments - fair values and risk management ......................................................466

Other information ..........................................................................................................................................470
32 Acquisition of subsidiaries  ................................................................................................................470
33 Related parties  ......................................................................................................................................472
34 Contingencies  ........................................................................................................................................473
35 Commitments .........................................................................................................................................474
36 Subsequent events  ..............................................................................................................................475

.

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409

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION (IFRS-EU)

AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2022

(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION (IFRS-EU)
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION (IFRS-EU)
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

Note

31 December 2022

31 December
2021

Note

31 December 2022

31 December
2021

Note

31 December 2022

31 December
2021

ASSETS

Non-current assets
Intangible assets related to 
concession arrangements
Other intangible assets
Goodwill
Property, plant and 
equipment
Investments in associates 
Other investments
Financial assets related to 
concession arrangements – 
non current portion
Deferred tax assets
Other non-current assets
Right of use assets
Total non-current assets

Current assets
Trade receivables
Subsidies receivable
Other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Inventories
Prepayments
Financial assets related to 
concession arrangements – 
current portion
Current income tax receivable
Assets held for sale
Total current assets

Total assets

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Equity
Share capital
Share premium
Treasury shares reserve
Pre-paid capital contributions 
in kind from shareholders
Revaluation reserve
Legal reserves
Retained earnings
Total equity attributable to 
the owners of the Company
Non-controlling interests

Total equity

(continued on next page)  

23

23
32

22

24

25

17

18
11
19
20
21

25

26
26
26

26

26
26

32

5,675,866

5,514,557

12,854
12,040

499,390

18,824
7,000

761,246

30,180
2,393
52,152
7,071,945

2,466,002
1,280,788
 127,253
 334,887
 113,972
13,874

190,311

24,000
280
4,551,367

8,983
-

505,419

25,810
-

-

83,531
1,661
20,945
6,160,906

1,344,619 
-
                48,600 
              221,830 
                72,958 
                  5,034 

-

23,777
5,412
1,722,230 

11,623,312

7,883,136 

 3,464,436
 103,049
 (75,372)

7
 92,117
 429,583
 1,353,942

5,367,762 
(516)
5,367,246 

            3,464,436 
              103,049 
               (75,372)

                        7 
              102,829 
              408,405 
              950,228 

          4,953,582 
-
          4,953,582

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410

Liabilities

Non-current 
liabilities
Lease liability – 
long term
Deferred tax 
liabilities
Employee 
benefits
Other payables
Long-term bank 
borrowings
Total non-
current 
liabilities

Current 
liabilities
Current portion 
of long-
term bank 
borrowings
Lease liability – 
short term
Bank overdrafts
Trade payables
Other payables
Deferred 
revenue
Employee 
benefits
Provisions
Current tax 
liabilities 
Total current 
liabilities
Total liabilities

17

15

28

30

30

30
27
28

14,15

29

Total equity 
and liabilities 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

11,623,312

Chief Executive Officer
Alexandru – Aurelian Chirita

Chief Financial Officer
Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

24 March 2023

34,462

212,555

117,269
72,432

647,193

12,102 

161,926 

149,177 
32,732 

118,756 

1,083,911

474,693 

113,520

19,211

2,571,037
1,407,097
867,536

24,750

114,174
53,701

1,129

5,172,155
6,256,066

509,733 

9,442 

627,402 
891,335 
271,263 

9,662    

101,102 
34,922 

-

2,454,861 
2,929,554 

7,883,136 

.

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411

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
          
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS (IFRS-EU)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, except per share data)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (IFRS-EU)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

Note

2022

2021

Note

2022

2021

Revenue

Other income

Electricity and natural gas 
purchased  

Construction costs related to 
concession agreements

Employee benefits

Repairs, maintenance and materials 

Depreciation and amortization

Impairment for trade and other 
receivables, net

Other operating expenses

Operating profit/(loss)

Finance income

Finance costs

Net finance costs

Share of results of associates

Profit/(Loss) before tax

Income tax benefit/(expense)

Profit/(Loss) for the year

9

11

10

23

16

22,23

18,19

11

12

12

26

17

Profit/(Loss) for the year attributable 
to:

 –

 –

owners of the Company

non-controlling interests

Profit/(Loss) for the year 

.

10,009,896

3,792,520

7,178,864 

195,771 

(10,506,809)

 (5,694,724)

(593,490)

(823,422)

(88,229)

(496,253) 

(112,311)

(352,971)

828,931

9,718

(174,713)

(164,995)

 (485,813)

 (802,676)

 (102,356)

 (480,830)

 (70,616)

 (343,147)

 (605,527)

2,647 

(29,528)

 (26,881)

(13)

(3)

663,923

(105,078) 

558,845 

558,954 

(109)

558,845 

 (632,411)

79,529 

 (552,882)

 (552,882)

-

 (552,882)

(1.63)

.

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Earnings/(Loss) per share

Basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per 
share (RON)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

1.65

13

Profit/(Loss) for the year 

558,845

(552,882)

Other comprehensive 
income

Items that will not be 
reclassified to profit or 
loss

Re-measurements of the 
defined benefit liability 

Tax related to re-
measurements of the 
defined benefit liability

Other comprehensive 
income/(loss), net of tax

Total comprehensive 
income/(loss)

Total comprehensive 
income/(loss) 
attributable to:

 –
Company

owners of the 

 –
controlling interests

non-

15

17

9,503

(1,479)

 (5,891)

(45)

8,024

(5,936)

566,869 

 (558,818)

566,978 

 (558,818)

(109)

-

Total comprehensive 
income/(loss)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

566,869 

 (558,818)

Chief Executive Officer
Alexandru – Aurelian Chirita

Chief Financial Officer
Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

24 March 2023

.

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Chief Executive Officer
Alexandru – Aurelian Chirita

Chief Financial Officer
Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

24 March 2023

2
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412

2
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A

413

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                            
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (IFRS-EU)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (IFRS-EU)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

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i

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (IFRS-EU)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (IFRS-EU)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022
(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

Note

2022

2021

Note

2022

2021

22
23

25

22,23

22,23

18,19

29
12

14

24
17

Cash flows from operating 
activities
Profit/(Loss) for the year
Adjustments for:
Depreciation 
Amortisation
Other income from initial 
recognition of financial 
assets rising from concession 
agreements amendments
Reversal of impairment of 
property, plant and equipment 
and intangible assets, net
(Gain)/Loss on disposal of 
property, plant and equipment 
and intangible assets 
Impairment of trade and other 
receivables, net
Impairment of assets held for 
sale
Change in provisions, net
Net finance income
Changes due to employee 
benefits
Share of loss of associates
Income tax expense/(benefit)

Changes in:
Trade receivables
Subsidies receivable
Other receivables
Prepayments
Inventories
Trade payables
Other payables
Provisions and employee 
benefits
Deferred revenue
Cash used in operating 
activities

Interest paid
Income tax paid

Net cash flow used in 
operating activities
(Continued on next page) 

558,845

 19,915
476,469 

(951,557)

(552,882)

21,118 
459,712 

-

(5)

(3,942)

(393)

 112,311

 -

 18,779
 164,995
(4,358)

13
105,078 
500,092

 (1,286,734)
(1,280,788)
 (138,335)
(8,840)
(41,014)
 494,611
 722,407
 (6,454)

 15,088

(1,029,967)

 (149,397)
 (1,232)

2,651 

70,616 

646 

15,684 
26,881 

5,054

3
(79,529)
(33,988)

(391,401)
-
(22,904)
(2,217)
(2,892)
274,825 
32,504 

3,166 

4,033 

(138,874)                   

(24,110)
(31,366)

(1,180,596)

(194,350)                   

Cash flows from investing 
activities
Payments for purchases 
of property, plant and 
equipment
Payments for network 
construction related to 
concession agreements
Payments for purchase of 
other intangible assets
Proceeds from sale of 
property, plant and 
equipment
Interest received
Acquisition of investments 
in associates
Payments for acquisition 
of subsidiaries, net of 
cash acquired
Restricted cash
Net cash flow used in 
investing activities

Cash flows from financing 
activities
Proceeds from long-term 
bank borrowings
Proceeds from overdrafts
Repayment of long-term 
bank loans
Payment of lease 
liabilities
Dividends paid
Net cash generated from 
(used in)/ financing 
activities

23

24

32

20

30

30

26

(8,295)

 (10,490)

 (537,782)

 (483,808)

(7,829)

 (6,306)

614

2,847

(3)

(4,452)

-

(554,900)

217,561

1,900,371
(92,925)

(24,163)

(152,291)

1,469 

1,765 

(25,813)

-

320,000

(203,183)

234,690 

-
 (385,851)

 (15,226)

 (247,615)

1,848,553

 (414,002)

113,057

Net increase/(decrease) 
in cash and cash 
equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents 
at 1 January
Reclassification of 
overdrafts previously 
presented as cash and 
cash equivalents
Cash and cash 
equivalents at 31 
December 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

(405,572)

334,887

627,402

20

20

20

 (811,535)

405,963

-

(405,572)

The non-cash transactions are disclosed in Note 20.

Chief Executive Officer
Alexandru – Aurelian Chirita

Chief Financial Officer
Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

24 March 2023

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

417

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

416

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)

AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022

(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

418

Basis of preparation

1 Reporting entity and general information 

(a) General information about the Group

These financial statements are the consolidated financial statements of Societatea Energetica 
Electrica S.A. (“the Company” or “Electrica SA”) and its subsidiaries (together “the Group”) as at and 
for the year ended 31 December 2022.  

The  registered  office  of  the  Company  is  no.  9,  Grigore  Alexandrescu  Street,  District  1, 
Bucharest, Romania. The Company has sole registration code 13267221 and Trade Register registra-
tion number J40/7425/2000.

As  at  31  December  2022  and  31  December  2021,  the  major  shareholder  of  Societatea 
Energetica Electrica S.A. is the Romanian State, represented by the Ministry of Energy with a share 
of ownership of 48.79% from the share capital.

The Company’s shares are listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange and the global depository 
receipts (“GDRs”) are listed on the London Stock Exchange. The shares traded on the London Stock 
Exchange are the global depositary receipts, one global depositary receipt representing four shares. 
The Bank of New York Mellon is the depositary bank for these securities.

As at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, the Company’s subsidiaries are the following:

Subsidiary

Activity

Sole registration 
code

Head Office

% shareholding as at 
31 December 2022

% shareholding as 
at 31 December 
2021

Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania 
S.A. (“DEER”)

Electricity distribu-
tion in geographical 
areas Transilvania 
Nord, Transilvania 
Sud and Muntenia 
Nord

Electrica Furnizare 
S.A.

Electricity and nat-
ural gas supply

Electrica Serv S.A.

Services in the en-
ergy sector (main-
tenance, repairs, 
construction)

Electrica Produc
Energie S.A.

ie 

Electricity gener-
ation

ț
Electrica Energie 
Verde 1 SRL* 
(“EEV1” – formerly 
Long Bridge 
Milenium SRL)
Sunwind Energy 
S.R.L.
New Trend Energy 
S.R.L.
Green Energy 
Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L.

Electricity gener-
ation

Electricity gener-
ation
Electricity gener-
ation

Electricity gener-
ation

14476722

Cluj-Napoca

99.99999929%

99.99999929%

28909028

Bucuresti

99.9998444099934% 99.9998415011992%

17329505

Bucuresti

99.99998095%

99.99998095%

44854129

Bucuresti

99.9920%

99.9920%

19157481

Bucuresti

100%*

100%*

42910478

Constanta

42921590

Constanta

29172101

Prahova

60%

60%

75%

-

-

-

*indirect shareholding - Electrica Energie Verde 1 SRL is 100% owned by the subsidiary Electrica 
Productie Energie S.A.

As at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, the Company’s associates are the following:

Associate

Activity

Sole registration 
code

Head Office

% shareholding 
as at 31 
December 2022

% shareholding 
as at 31 
December 2021

Crucea Power 
Park SRL
Sunwind Energy 
SRL
New Trend 
Energy SRL
Foton Power 
Energy S.R.L.

Electricity gener-
ation
Electricity gener-
ation
Electricity gener-
ation
Electricity gener-
ation

25242042

Constanta

30%

42910478

Constanta

42921590

Constanta

-

-

30%

30%

30%

43652555

Constanta

30%

            30%

Changes in Group structure during 2022

Acquisition of shares in subsidies

On 21 March 2022, the Group acquired an additional 30% of the shares and voting interests 
in Sunwind Energy S.R.L.. As a result, the Group’s equity interest increased from 30% to 60%, gran-
ting control of Sunwind Energy S.R.L. (for further details please see Note 32). 

On 27 May 2022, the Group acquired an additional 30% of the shares and voting interests in 
New Trend Energy S.R.L.. As a result, the Group’s equity interest increased from 30% to 60%, gran-
ting control of New Trend Energy S.R.L. (for further details please see Note 32). 

On 6 September 2022, Electrica acquired 75% of Green Energy Consultancy & Investments 

S.R.L. shares granting control of the entity (for further details please see Note 32). 

Group’s main activities

The main activities of the Group include operation and construction of electricity distributi-
on networks and electricity and natural gas supply to final consumer as well as energy production 
from renewable sources. The Group is the electricity distribution operator and the main electricity 
supplier  in  Muntenia  Nord  area  (Prahova,  Buzau,  Dambovita,  Braila,  Galati  and  Vrancea  counties), 
Transilvania Nord area (Cluj, Maramures, Satu Mare, Salaj, Bihor and Bistrita Nasaud counties) and 
Transilvania  Sud  area  (Brasov,  Alba,  Sibiu,  Mures,  Harghita  and  Covasna  counties),  operating  with 
transformation station and 0.4 kV to 110 kV power lines. 

The Company’s distribution subsidiary, Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A. which re-
sulted  from  the  merger  through  absorption  of  the  three  distribution  subsidiaries  Societatea  de 
Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Nord S.A., Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice 
Muntenia Nord S.A. and Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Sud S.A. now ope-
rates electric lines in 18 counties, from three geographical areas of the country, representing 40.7% 
of  the  Romanian  territory,  and  serves  over  3.8  million  users.  It  invoices  the  electricity  distribution 
service to electricity suppliers (mainly to Electrica Furnizare S.A. subsidiary) which further invoices 
the electricity consumption to final consumers.

Electrica Furnizare S.A. is active on both the competitive market and as the supplier of last 
resort  for  aprox.  3.5  million  clients  (defined  as  supplier  designated  by  the  regulatory  authority  to 
deliver  the  universal  service  of  electricity  supply  under  specific  regulated  conditions)  in  Muntenia 
Nord, Transilvania Nord and Transilvania Sud areas. In 2022 Electrica Furnizare S.A. was supplier of 
last resort (SoLR) nominated for electricity in February, March, July and December. For the natural 
gas  supply  activity,  EFSA  was  SoLR  nominated  in  September  2022.  At  the  same  time,  Electrica 
Furnizare  S.A.  ensures  the  supply  of  electricity  for  household  customers  supplied  under  universal 
service regime.

Through the acquisition of the new subsidiary Electrica Energie Verde 1 S.R.L. (formerly Long 
Bridge Milenium S.R.L.) as of 31 August 2020, establishment of a new legal entity Electrica Productie 
Energie S.A. and also the five shares sales and purchase agreements in five project companies having 
as main activity the production of energy from renewable sources the Group entered on the electri-
city generation segment, in particular from renewable sources. 

Electrica Energie Verde 1 S.R.L. is a producer of electricity from renewable sources, operating 
a photovoltaic park in Stanesti, Giurgiu county, with an installed capacity of MW 7.5 (operating capa-
city limited MW to 6.8). In 2022 the operation of the plant was continuous, with no significant events 
leading to production shutdowns, producing in total MWh 10,466 (2021: MWh 9,767). According to 
Law no. 220/2008 and based on the accreditation issued by ANRE, Stanesti park receives a number 
of 6 green certificates (“GC”) for each MWh produced and delivered, of which until 2020, 4 GC were 
issued for trading and 2 GC were postponed (the amendment is introduced by Law no. 184/2018). 
The postponed green certificates will be reinserted starting from 1 January 2021, in equal monthly 
tranches until 31 December 2030. 

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b) Regulations in the energy sector

Regulatory environment

The activity in the energy sector is regulated by the Romanian Energy Regulatory Authority. 
Some of the main responsibilities of ANRE are to approve prices and tariffs and to issue substantia-
tion methodologies used to set regulated prices and tariffs. 

Electricity distribution

In  2019,  a  new  regulatory  period  began,  governed  by  the  provisions  of  ANRE  Order  no. 
169/2018 for the approval of the Methodology for establishing the tariffs for the electricity distribu-
tion service (IV regulatory period: 2019-2023).

The following items are considered by ANRE when setting the target revenue for one year of 
the regulatory period: controllable and non-controllable operating and maintenance costs; costs of 
electricity purchased for own technological consumption (related to distribution network); regulated 
depreciation charge; the return on the regulated assets base (“RAB”); revenues from reactive energy 
and revenues from other activities, as well as corrections from previous periods.

Starting with 13 May 2020, the regulated rate of return („RRR”) of BAR is 6.39% to which is 

added:

 – 1% incentive for new investments in RED, approved by ANRE;
 – 2%  incentive  for  investments  in  the  electricity  distribution  network  financed  from  own 
funds in projects in which European non-reimbursable funds are also attracted, if the in-
vestments are performed and put into function by operators after 1 February 2021, appro-
ved by ANRE;

 – 1% incentive for investments in projects of common interest (PIC), approved by ANRE.

Regarding the costs of electricity purchased for own technological consumption (“NL”):
 – ANRE has the right to correct the projection of distribution tariffs for a regulatory period 
or for one year, if there have been significant variations in prices on the electricity market, 
which lead to an important change in distribution service costs; 

 – at the justified request of the Distribution Operator, the regulated revenue of year t + 1 may 
include a cost adjustment of regulated own technological consumption (“NL”) forecast for 
year t + 1, by changing the reference price, depending on the evolution of prices on the 
electricity market and the result of the analysis of the evolution of tariffs for the current 
regulatory period.

In 2022, according to the Government’s emergency ordinance (GEO) no. 119/2022, the addi-
tional costs for purchased electricity (determined as the difference between the realized costs and 
the costs included in the approved distribution tariffs), made between 1 January 2022 and 31 August 
2023, in order to cover the own technological consumption, compared to the costs included in the 
tariffs regulated (and not only borrowings), are capitalized quarterly and remunerated with 50% of 
the regulated rate of return (RRR) approved by ANRE, applicable during the amortization period of 
the respective costs and are recognized as a distinctive component in the regulated tariffs, called the 
component related to additional costs with NL. Also, ANRE elaborated the Methodological norms 
regarding the recognition in the tariffs of the additional costs with the acquisition of electricity for 
covering the own technological consumption compared to the costs included in the regulated tariffs, 
the purpose of these norms is to establish the substantiation of additional costs with the purchase of 
electricity to cover the NL, as well as the conditions for their recognition in the regulated income, 
based on which the distribution tariffs are established.

According to the Government’s Emergency Ordinance (“GEO”) no. 153/2022 during the pe-
riod 1 January 2023 – 31 March 2025 is established the centralized electricity purchasing mechanism, 
OPCOM being designated the sole purchaser. The distribution operators (“OD”) will buy from OPCOM 
through  an  annual/monthly  mechanism  at  least  75%  of  the  quantity  forecasted  and  validated  by 
National Authority for Energy Regulation (“ANRE”) at the price of 450 RON/MWh, and the produ-
cers  will  sell  to  OPCOM  through  annual/monthly  mechanism  80%  of  the  quantity  forecasted  and 
validated by ANRE and Transelectrica at the price of 450 RON/MWh.

Tariff adjustments

Annually,  ANRE  makes  revenue  corrections  due  to:  change  in  the  quantities  of  electricity 
distributed compared to the forecast; change in quantities and acquisition price for the regulated 
own technological consumption compared to the forecast; the annual change in controllable opera-
ting  and  maintenance  costs,  realized  and  accepted  against  the  forecast;  annual  change  in  uncon-
trollable operating and maintenance costs compared to the forecast; changes in revenues from reac-
tive energy compared to the forecast; failure to meet/exceeding the approved investments program-
me; revenues generated from other operations made by the distribution operator and the quantity 
of electricity recovered from recalculations.

The  regulator  establishes  through  the  regulated  income  and  tariffs  for  the  following  year 
taking into account the justified corrections presented above, which are added algebraically to the 
income for the following year. The group does not recognize assets and liabilities resulting from re-
gulation in relation to these deficits or surpluses, as the differences are recovered or returned throu-
gh  the  annual  tariff  changes  and  starting  with  2022  the  capitalised  costs  with  own  technological 
consumption. The difference between the purchase price of electricity for own technological con-
sumption versus the ex-ante purchase price recognized by ANRE in the related regulated tariffs 2022 
related to the purchase of electricity and natural gas, made between 1 January 2022 and 31 August 
2023, in order to cover the own technological consumption (NL) for economic operators for energy 
transport and distribution services are capitalised. These are recognized as a distinctive component 
in  the  regulated  tariffs,  named  component  related  to  additional  own  technological  consumption 
costs.

Electricity supply

The regulatory framework has undergone significant changes over the past decade, inclu-
ding the liberalization of electricity and natural gas markets, the separation of supply and distributi-
on activities, the implementation of the support scheme for renewable energy, the support of elec-
tricity prosumers and the capping of prices to final customers. In 2022 the electricity market was 
completely  liberalized  for  all  categories  of  customers  and  the  price  was  established  by  suppliers 
through free market mechanisms, both for universal service offers and for the offers related to the 
competitive market.

Regulated market

Starting with 1 November 2021, in the context of the increase in prices for the electricity and 
natural gas markets at international and national level, the energy crisis, as well as the effects caused 
by these increases among the population, in Romania, a series of support measures for electricity 
and natural gas customers have been applied, by establishing compensation and capping schemes 
between 1 November 2021 and 31 March 2025.

Competitive market

Transactions on the competitive wholesale market are transparent, public, centralised and 
non-discriminatory. Participants to the wholesale market can trade electricity based on the bilateral 
contracts concluded on the dedicated markets.

The following support mechanisms have been put in place: 
 – compensation  of  household  consumers  for  part  of  the  costs  incurred  by  the  electricity 

invoices (1 November 2021 until 31 March 2022);

 – capping the selling price for household and non-household consumers (1 November 2021 

– 31 March 2025);

 – exemption  (1  November  2021  until  31  January  2022)  of  several  types  of  non-household 

consumers from payment of regulated tariffs and other taxes/contributions.

The  amounts  compensated  will  be  received  from  the  National  Agency  for  Payments  and 
Social  Inspection  for  household  consumers  and  a  from  the  Ministry  of  Energy  for  non-household 
consumers. (for further details please refer to Note 18)

Over 2022, several changes have been brought to the legislation, having a significant impact 

on the supply of electricity, as follows: 

 – The  withdrawal  of  the  capped  price  for  electricity  for  household  customers  with  con-
sumption over 255 KWh/month and the limitation of the capped price for non-domestic 

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420

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
customers (limitation of both the quantities and categories of non-domestic customers); 
 – The limitation of the average purchase price considered for determining the amounts to 
be recovered from the state budget to 1,300 RON/MWh; except of the purchase intended 
for supply as a last resort, where this limitation does not apply;

 – The obligation to store natural gas of a minimum 30% of the natural gas required for the 

consumption of final customers from their own portfolio;

 – The obligation of natural gas producers to sell at the price of 150 RON/MWh the necessary 

quantities to the suppliers of domestic customers/heat energy producers.

 – On 1 January 2023 - 31 March 2025, the centralized electricity purchase mechanism (MA-

CEE) is established.

 – The mechanism provides - OPCOM, as sole acquirer, buys electricity from producers (elec-
tricity  producers  with  an  installed  power  equal  to  or  greater  than  10  MW)  and  sells  the 
purchased electricity to electricity suppliers that have contracts with final customers, the 
transmission system operator electricity and distribution system operators electricity to 
cover their own technological consumption; the price paid by OPCOM to electricity pro-
ducers, for the quantities of electricity sold by them is 450 RON/MWh and the sale price 
of  OPCOM  to  the  economic  operators  is  also  450  RON/MWh  (OPCOM  has  the  right  to 
charge market participants tariffs/commissions at the level of costs recorded by organi-
zing the centralized  electricity purchase mechanism); In  order to carry out the transac-
tions,  OPCOM  shall  organize  an  annual  procurement  procedure  as  well  as  an  additional 
procurement procedure each month for the quantities of electricity to be delivered in the 
following month; annual and monthly electricity quantities are firm obligations of electri-
city producers and economic operators and are evenly distributed across all settlement in-
tervals each month (contracts are concluded by signing, within maximum 3 working days).

Green certificates

Electricity suppliers have a legal obligation to purchase green certificates from producers of 
electricity from renewable sources, based on annual targets or quotas set by law, which are applied 
to the quantity of electricity purchased and supplied to final consumers. The cost of green certifica-
tes is invoiced to final consumers separately from the tariffs for electricity.

Electricity generation

Green certificates 

In accordance to Law no. 220/2008, electricity producers are entitled by to receive a certain 
number of green certificates (“GC”) for each MWh of electricity produced from renewable sources 
depending  on  the  renewable  energy  type  used  (i.e.  hydro,  wind,  solar,  geothermal,  biomass,  bio-
liquids, biogas) and injected into the network, for a specific period of time, depending also on the 
degree of novelty of the group/power plant. 

Starting  from  February  2013,  the  Stanesti  photovoltaic  park  has  the  right  to  receive  (the 
month from which it started injecting electricity into the network), for a period of 15 (fifteen) years, 
6  (six)  green  certificates  for  each  MWh  of  electricity  produced  and  delivered  to  the  grid,  out  of 
which, for the period  1 July 2013 – 31 December 2020, according to Law 23/2014 and Law 184/2018, 
2 (two) green certificates were postponed from trading. Those two GC postponed from trading are 
to be recovered in equal monthly tranches starting from 1 January 2021 until 31 December 2030. 

The green certificates issued by Transelectrica for the production made by the Stanesti pho-
tovoltaic park, during the validity period of the accreditation decision issued by ANRE, can be tra-
ded, according to GEO 24/2017, until 31 March  2032, respectively including the period after the ex-
piration  of  the  validity  period  of  the  accreditation  decision  (31  January  2028  in  the  case  of  the 
Stanesti photovoltaic park).

Increase in Energy price impact 

Following the total liberalization of the electricity market from 1 January 2021 for all types of 
consumers, the international context of the energy markets characterized by an imbalance between 
supply and demand at European level, corroborated with the energy policies developed both at EU 
and national level, has led to an increase in electricity prices. Moreover, the strong increase in energy 
prices is both the result of external factors, such as the exponential increase in the price of emission 

allowances,  and  of  internal  factors,  such  as  the  high  share  of  energy  traded  on  the  spot  market 
(DAM). The entire energy sector was affected by the increased energy price.

The aforementioned difficult conditions led to an increase in operating expenses, mainly for 
the acquisition of energy for own technological consumption and for supplying activity. The unstable 
economic environment, led to a decrease in financial performance for 2021, but during 2022 the fi-
nancial performance has significantly improved, due to electricity acquisition security measures for 
the  supply  segment  and  for  distribution  segment  has  benefit  by  capitalisation  of  additional  costs 
with own technological consumption, also with no significant difficulties in receivables collection and 
consequently payment of debts being noted.

Due to the recent changes in the global energy market, including EU, each EU member state 
had to amend legal framework for the energy sector in order to protect the civil society interests on 
the one hand and, on the other hand to ensure a proper equilibrium and functionality on the local 
energy market by supporting also the utilities energy suppliers. 

As a result, for the distribution segment, Romanian Regulatory Authority for Energy – ANRE 
(https://www.anre.ro/) has to adopt similar measures through its Order 129/12.10.2022 approving the 
Methodological Norms regarding the recognition in the tariffs of the additional costs with the acqu-
isition of electricity for covering the own technological consumption (“CPT”) compared to the costs 
included in the regulated tariffs, carried out between 1 January 2022 – 31 August 2023. 

ANRE will determine the recognized annual amounts of the capitalized costs based on the 
quantities and prices recognized for CPT, and by 15 March of the year immediately following the year 
of capitalization of the additional costs, ANRE will transmit to the distribution operators the recog-
nized annual amounts   of the capitalized costs for the previous year. The computation of the capita-
lized amounts is carried out in compliance with the legislation specific to the entities that are the 
subject of GEO 119/2022, with subsequent additions and changes.

The changes brought by GEO 119/2022 are changes the recuperation of the CPT by splitting 
it in current operating expenses (“OPEX”) and capitalised costs (“CAPEX”), there is a portion of unit 
costs recuperated at cost at 450 RON/MWh (ex-ante tariffs) and for the difference above this level 
of 450 RON/MWh up to the effective average price, there is a linear depreciation over 5 years stipu-
lated with return at 50% of Regulated Rate of Return (RRR).

For  the  supply  segment,  in  2022  the  effect  of  retail  prices  for  electricity  was  covered  as 
grants received from the state authorities, as a result of the application of the mechanism of capping 
the prices for electricity and natural gas, following the enacting of Ordinances 118/2021 and 119/2022, 
the electricity prices for certain categories of households and industrial consumers has been capped 
to a certain level. The difference between the capped level and the average acquisition prices in the 
period to which a margin has been allowed, is recoverable from the state authorities.

The Group actively reviews and implements policies and strategies to recover from the loss 
generated by the increase in energy price, strategies which mainly aim in revising the method of ge-
nerating the selling price for final consumers, concluding agreements with specific clauses ensuring 
new  financing  facilities,  closely  monitoring  suppliers  and  consumers  payment  terms,  monitoring 
daily cash flow and forecasted cash flow. The Group continues to closely monitor the macroecono-
mic  outlook  and  as  additional  information  will  be  available,  their  effects  on  the  activity  of  Group 
companies and over the financial results will be analyzed.

Geopolitical tensions

In February 2022 global geopolitical tensions significantly escalated following military inter-
ventions in Ukraine by the Russian Federation. As a result of these escalations, economic uncertain-
ties in energy and capital markets have increased, with global energy prices expected to be highly 
volatile for the foreseeable future.  As at the date of these consolidated financial statements, mana-
gement is unable to reliably estimate the effects on the Groups financial outlook and cannot exclude 
adverse consequence on the business, operations, and financial position. Management believes it is 
taking all the necessary measures to support the sustainability and growth of the Group’s business 
in  the  current  circumstances  and  that  judgements  used  in  these  financial  statements  remain 
appropriate.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2 Basis of accounting 

These  annual  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as adopted by the European Union (“IFRS-EU”). 
The  consolidated  financial  statements  were  authorized  for  issue  by  the  Board  of  Directors  on  24 
March 2023 and will be submitted for shareholders’ approval in the meeting scheduled on 28 April 
2023.

The Company also issues a primary set of the consolidated financial statements prepared in 
accordance with OMFP no. 2844/2016 (statutory financial statements). Until 31 December 2021, the 
consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with OMFP no. 2844/2016 were equiva-
lent to IFRS-EU. Starting with 31 December 2022, according to Order of Ministry of Public Finances 
(OMFP) no. 3900/2022 that has included a new clause related to the regulatory accounts to capita-
lise the additional expenses for actual energy costs as compared with the ex-ante ANRE prices reco-
gnised in distribution tariffs for own technological consumption network, which are recognised as 
intangible assets (please see the primary set of financial statements in accordance with OMFP no. 
2844/2016). Also, according to ANRE regulations issued in 2022, the capitalised costs of intangible 
non-current assets are recorded in the accounting records on the annual financial statements accor-
ding to the instructions developed by the Ministry of Finance OMFP no. 2844/2016 with subsequent 
amendments (Romanian GAAP).

Details of the Group’s accounting policies are included in Note 6. The Group has consistently 
applied the accounting policies to all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements. 

3 Functional and presentation currency 

These consolidated financial statements are presented in Romanian Lei (RON), which is the 
functional currency of all Group companies. All amounts have been rounded to the nearest thousand, 
unless otherwise indicated.

4 Use of judgements and estimates 

In preparing these consolidated financial statements, management has made judgements, 
estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  application  of  the  Group’s  accounting  policies  and  the 
reported  amounts  of  assets,  liabilities,  income  and  expenses.  Actual  results  may  differ  from  these 
estimates.  Estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing  basis.  Revisions  to 
estimates are recognised prospectively.

(a) Judgements

Information about judgements made in applying accounting policies that have the most sig-
nificant effects on the amounts recognised in the consolidated financial statements is included below.

Revenue recognition 

The Group assesses its revenue arrangements based on specific criteria to determine if it is 
acting as a principal or an agent. In applying IFRS 15, the Group has identified that it acts in the ca-
pacity of an agent in case of transactions as Balancing Responsible Party (“BRP”) and thus recogni-
ses revenue as the net amount of the commission earned by the Group. The Group concluded that it 
is acting as a principal in all other revenue arrangements.

Service Concession Arrangements 

The distribution subsidiaries (as operators) that merged into one single distribution operator 
as of 31 December 2020 concluded concession contracts with the Ministry of Economy (as grantor) 
in 2005, updated by subsequent addendums. These contracts concern the operation of electricity 
distribution service in the established territory (Transilvania Nord, Transilvania Sud, Muntenia Nord), 
on the risk and responsibility of the operators and taking into account the regulations applicable to 
the operation, modernization, rehabilitation and development of energy distribution networks speci-
fied in the Electricity Law, the terms and conditions of the licenses for electricity distribution and the 
regulations issued by ANRE. The distribution operator resulting from the merger of the three distri-
bution operators within the Group, Distributie Energie Electrica Romania concluded addendums to 
the concession agreements signed with the Ministry of Economy for the operation of electricity dis-
tribution service in all three areas.

IFRIC 12 “Service Concession Arrangements” deals with public-to-private service concession 

arrangements. IFRIC 12 applies to public-to-private service concession arrangements if:

(a) the grantor controls or regulates what services the operator must provide with the in-

frastructure, to whom it must provide them, and at what price; and

(b) the grantor controls - through ownership, beneficial entitlement or otherwise - any signi-

ficant residual interest in the infrastructure at the end of the term of the arrangement.

The control or regulation referred to in condition (a) could be by contract or otherwise (such 
as through a regulator). The activities of the electricity distribution operators, including distribution 
tariffs, are regulated by ANRE.

The concession contracts are concluded for a period of 49 years and may be extended for a 
period equal to no more than half of that period. As a price for the concession, the operators pay an 
annual royalty fee recognized in the distribution tariff of 1/1000 of the revenues from electricity dis-
tribution. According to the concession contracts, the operators use the assets representing the dis-
tribution network owned by them located in the above-mentioned territory for electricity distributi-
on. According to the concession contracts, the grantor will buy at the end of the term of concession 
contract the ownership right of the “relevant assets”, that are mainly the electricity distribution ne-
tworks, at a price equal to the value of the regulated assets base at the end of the concession.

Within the arrangements, the Group incurs significant expenditure in relation to the develo-
pment and maintenance of the infrastructure. The construction works are either outsourced by the 
Group to sub-contractors or performed internally. Significant management judgment is involved in 
accounting for the concession arrangements under IFRIC 12, including those in respect of the recog-
nition  of  revenue  based  on  the  separation  of  construction  or  upgrade  services  from  operation 
services. 

The concessionaires act as service suppliers (they build, modernize and maintain the distri-
bution  network)  and  the  revenues  related  to  the  construction  or  improvement  of  infrastructure  is 
recorded  according  to  IFRS  15.  This  results  in  revenues  and  expenditures  being  recognized  in  the 
profit and loss account (related to the construction and modernization of infrastructure), as well as 
of a margin resulting from rendering the construction services establised by the Group. The 3% mar-
gin applied is determined based on the Group’s experience in working with external contractors. 

Financial asset recognition from amendment of concession agreements with Ministry of En-
ergy 

Based on the concession contracts (mentioned above) amendments, the additional cost of 
purchasing electricity for covering the own technological consumption of the distribution operators 
(actual costs with the purchase of electricity for own technological consumption (“CPT”) coverage 
compared to the costs included in the regulated tariffs) are recognised as financial asset as part of 
the  concession  agreement.  Such  amounts  are  guaranteed  by  the  concession  agreement  which  is 
enforceable by law. The operator has an unconditional contractual right to receive cash or another 
financial asset from or at the direction of the grantor; the grantor has no discretion to avoid pay-
ments in case of early termination of the concession agreements.

(b) Assumptions and estimation uncertainties 

Information  about  assumptions  and  estimation  uncertainties  that  may  result  in  a  material 

adjustment in the subsequent twelve month period is included in the following notes:

 y Nota  6  c)  –  assumptions  regarding  recognition  of  revenue  from  supply  and  distribution 
of electricity to consumers based on estimates for electricity delivered and for which no 
reading was performed yet;

 y Notes  18  and  32  –  assumptions  and  estimates  about  measurement  of  the  allowance  for 
trade receivables at the level of expected credit losses (ECL), respectively in determining 
the loss rates; 

 y Notes 29 and 34 – recognition and measurement of provisions and contingencies;
 y Note 18 – assumptions and estimates of amounts to be received from the state following 

the application of the compensation and capping scheme.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Measurement of fair values

A number of the Group’s accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair 

values, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.

When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Group uses market observable 
data as far as possible. Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based 
on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:

 y Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, which 

the Group can access;

 y Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the as-

set or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices);

 y Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (un-

observable inputs).

If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability might be categorised in 
different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorised in its enti-
rety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the 
entire measurement.

The Group recognises transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the 

reporting period during which the change has occurred.

Further information about the assumptions made in measuring fair values is included in the 

following notes:

 y Note 31 – Financial instruments;
 y Note 22 – Property, plant and equipment.

Accounting policies

5 Basis of measurement 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except 

for the land and buildings which are measured based on the revaluation model. 

6 Significant accounting policies 

The Group has consistently applied the following accounting policies to all periods presen-
ted in these consolidated financial statements. The new amendments to existing standards that are 
effective starting with 1 January 2022 do not have a significant impact over the Group’s consolida-
ted financial statements.

(a) Going concern

The  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  the  going  concern  basis.  In 
making this judgement management considers current trading performance and access to finance 
resources. The Group has prepared a forecast that includes the following assumptions:

 y A continuation of the support scheme (detailed in note 1 and 18) until 31 March 2025 ac-
cording  to  the  applicable  legislation  but  with  a  more  stable  flow  of  repayments  of  the 
reimbursement requests for subsidies as compared with last year, as the mechanism has 
been operationally improved;

 y The utilization of confirmed  debt facilities up  to  a limit of  RON 4,948,373 thousand, in-
cluding RON thousand 2,891,660 thousand overdraft limits (out of which RON 2,571,037 
thousand used until 31.12.2022 - please see Note 30) and RON 2,056,713 thousand long 
term loans limit (out of which RON 760,713 thousand long term loans used until 31.12.2022 
- please see Note 30);

 y The utilization of not yet confirmed credit facilities amounting to RON 283,000 thousand 
and the limits for factoring without recourse for the requests for reimbursement for the 
subsidies under the support scheme amounting to RON 350,000 thousand which will be 
drawn during the forecast period;

 y Also, the Group obtained the approval of the GSM to perform one or more bond issuance 
within a ceiling of up to 900,000 thousand RON in the period 2022-2023, mainly for the 
development of green energy generation projects. Depending on market context, a first 
issuance of up to RON 650,000 thousand in the second part of 2023 is envisaged, and 
until its use in the operationalization of green energy production projects, the respective 

amounts attracted will be able to be used as a liquidity buffer at the Group level.

At the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements the regulatory position 
may be further amended and there may be further laws enacted which could adversely impact the 
Groups operating cash flows during the forecast period. Given the current market uncertainties, the 
Group is closely monitoring the market context and is continuously analysing the opportunities for 
optimisation of debt and increase of bank overdrafts and long-term loans. In light of the importance 
of the Group as the supplier and distributed of electricity on the Romanian market, having 40.7% 
(according  to  the  latest  published  ANRE  report  dated  from  2021  for  the  distribution  segment)  as 
market share on the electricity distribution and 17.72% (according to the latest ANRE report October 
2022 for the supply segment) as market share on the electricity supply market and having as main 
shareholder of Electrica SA the Romanian State, the management believes sufficient financing will be 
made available to cover any financing requirements arising from market uncertainty and Group will 
be able to meet its obligations as they fall due. 

Based upon the above projections and other information, given the measures already imple-
mented and the strategies to reduce the risks which may occur due to the instability of the economic 
environment, the Board of Directors has, at the time of approving the consolidated financial state-
ments, a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational 
existence for the foreseeable future. Thus they continue to adopt the going concern basis of accoun-
ting in preparing the consolidated financial statements.

(b) Basis of consolidation

(i) Subsidiaries

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. The Group controls an entity when it is ex-
posed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to 
affect those returns through its power over the entity. Subsidiaries are included in the consolidation 
perimeter from the date that control commences until the date on which control ceases.

(ii) Loss of control

On the loss of control, the Group derecognizes the assets and liabilities of the subsidiary, any 
non-controlling interests and the other components of equity related to the subsidiary. Any surplus 
or deficit arising on the loss of control is recognized in profit or loss. If the Group retains any interest 
in the previous subsidiary, then such interest is measured at fair value at the date that control is lost. 
Subsequently that retained interest is accounted for as an equity-accounted investee or as an avai-
lable-for-sale financial asset depending on the level of influence retained.

(iii) Non-controlling interests

The  Group  measures  any  non-controlling  interests  in  the  subsidiary  at  their  proportionate 

share of the subsidiary’s identifiable net assets.

Changes in the Group’s interest in a subsidiary that do not result in a loss of control are ac-
counted for as equity transactions. Adjustments to non-controlling interests are based on a propor-
tionate amount of the net assets of the subsidiary.

(iv) Transactions eliminated on consolidation

Intra-group balances and transactions, and any unrealized income and expenses arising from 

intra-group transactions, are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements. 

Unrealized  gains  arising  from  transactions  with  equity-accounted  investees  are  eliminated 
against  the  investment  to  the  extent  of  the  Group’s  interest  in  the  investee.  Unrealized  losses  are 
eliminated in the same way as unrealized gains, but only to the extent that there is no evidence of 
impairment.

(c) Business combinations

Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The considerati-
on transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of 
the acquisition-date fair values of assets transferred by the Group, liabilities incurred by the Group to 

.

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427

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426

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interest issued by the Group in exchange for con-
trol of the acquiree. Acquisition-related costs are recognised in profit or loss as incurred.

(d) Revenue

The Group recognize the revenues from contracts with customers in accordance with IFRS 15.

Under the standard, revenue is recognized when or as the customer acquires control over 
the goods or services rendered, at the amount which reflects the price at which the Group is expec-
ted to be entitled to receive in exchange of those goods or services. Revenue is recognized at the fair 
value of the services rendered or goods delivered, net of VAT, excises or other taxes related to the 
sale.

Supply and distribution of electricity

The  revenue  from  supply  and  distribution  of  electricity  to  consumers  is  recognized  when 
electricity is delivered to consumers (consumed by consumers), based on meter readings and based 
on estimates for electricity delivered and for which no reading was performed yet. The invoicing of 
electricity  sales  is  performed  on  a  monthly  basis.  Monthly  electricity  invoices  are  based  on  meter 
readings or on estimated consumptions based on the historical data of each consumer. Electricity 
supplied to consumers which is not yet billed as at the reporting date is accrued on the basis of re-
cent average consumption or based on subsequent meter readings. Differences between estimated 
and actual amounts are recorded in subsequent periods. 

Revenues from electricity distribution and supply also include the cost of green certificates 

recharged by the Group to final consumers (see paragraph (k)). 

The Group acts in the capacity of an agent in case of transactions as Balancing Responsible 
Party (“BRP”). Thus, in its quality as an agent, the Group recognizes revenue for the commission ear-
ned in exchange for facilitating the transfer of goods or services. Any holder of a production/supply/
distribution license must be established as a Balancing Responsible Party or must delegate this res-
ponsibility to a Balancing Responsible Party. By delegating this responsibility to a BRP, there is the 
benefit of imbalance aggregation in the meaning of Balancing Market cost reduction by comparison 
with the case where the producer/supplier/distributor would act itself as a Balancing Responsible 
Party.  

Electrica Furnizare S.A. acts as BRP for a large number of participants, electricity producers 
as  well  as  electricity  suppliers  and  distribution  operators.  For  the  settlement  of  imbalances,  BRP 
Electrica is using the “method of internal redistribution of payments”, ensuring benefits of imbalance 
aggregation for all the participants included in the BRP. BRP Electrica provides the transmission of 
physical notifications to CNTEE Transelectrica SA and its role is to balance the differences between 
the electricity contracted and the electricity measured at the level of the entire BRP.

Generation and sale of electricity

The electricity produced by the Group is mainly sold on the Day Ahead Market and the reve-

nue is recognized when the electricity is injected into the network and is being sold on the market.

Sale of green certificates

Electricity suppliers have a legal obligation to purchase green certificates from producers of 
electricity from renewable sources, based on annual targets or quotas set by law, which are applied 
to the quantity of electricity purchased and supplied to final customers. Cost of green certificates is 
invoiced to final customers separately from the tariffs for electricity.

Electricity producers are entitled by the law in force to receive a certain number of green 
certificates for each MWH of electricity produced from renewable sources and injected into the ne-
twork. The green certificates can be sold on the spot market, term market or a combination of both. 
The selling price must fall between the minimum and maximum values set by Law no. 220/2008 for 
establishing the system for promoting the production of electricity from renewable energy sources, 
republished,  with  subsequent  amendments.  Revenue  from  green  certificates  is  recognized  in  the 
profit or loss statement when the green certificates are sold on the trading market.

.

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Rendering of services

Revenues  related  to  services  rendered  are  recognised  in  the  period  in  which  the  services 
were rendered based on statements of work performed, regardless of when paid or received, in ac-
cordance with the accrual basis.

Sales of goods

Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when the control of the goods has been transferred 
to a customer. Control refers to the customer’s ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all 
of the remaining benefits from, an asset.

Service concession arrangement

Revenue related to construction or upgrade services under service concession arrangement 
is recognised based on the stage of completion of the work performed, consistent with the accoun-
ting policy on recognising revenue on construction contracts, as follows:

 y Revenue in respect of variations to contracts and incentive payments is recognised when 
there is an enforceable right to payment and it is highly probable it will be agreed by the 
customer. Variable consideration is assessed on a contract by contract basis according to 
the facts, circumstances and terms of each project and only recognised to the extent that 
it is highly probable not to significantly reverse in the future. Revenue in respect of claims 
is recognised only if it is highly probable not to reverse in future periods.

 y If the outcome of a construction contract can be estimated reliably, then contract revenue 
is recognised in profit or loss in proportion to the stage of completion of the contract. The 
stage of completion is assessed with reference to surveys of work performed. Otherwise, 
contract revenue is recognized only to the extent of contract costs incurred that are likely 
to be recoverable.

 y Contract expenses are recognized as incurred unless they create an asset related to future 
contract activity. An expected loss on a contract is recognised immediately as expense.

(e) Other income

Revenues from the subsidies

Revenues from subsidies are recognised in profit or loss on a systematic basis over the peri-
ods in which the Group recognises as expenses the related costs for which the grants are intended 
to compensate, as a result of the application of the electricity price cap. These subsidies are recove-
rable from the National Agency for Payments and Social Inspection for household consumers and 
from the Ministry of Energy for non-household consumers, as a result of the application of the elec-
tricity and natural gas price ceiling mechanism and are applicable for period 1 November 2021 – 31 
March  2025.  Starting  with  April  2022,  the  revenues  from  subsidies  are  recorded  as  the  difference 
between the income calculated at the contract price and the income invoiced to the customer at the 
capped price. 

.

(f) Repairs and maintenance

Repair and maintenance expense is recorded as the operating expense base on an accrual 

basis.

(g) Commissions

The  Group  assesses  its  revenue  arrangements  against  specific  criteria  to  determine  if  it  is 
acting as principal or agent. The Group has concluded that it is acting as a principal in all of its reve-
nue arrangements except for the transactions acting as Balancing Responsible Party. If the Group 
acts in the capacity of an agent rather than as the principal in a transaction, then the income recog-
nised is the net amount of commission earned by the Group.

(h) Finance income and finance costs

The Group’s finance income and finance costs include:

.

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429

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 y interest income;
 y interest expense;
 y income from financial assets related to concession arrangements;
 y foreign currency gains or losses on financial assets and financial liabilities; 
 y impairment losses recognised on financial assets (other than trade receivables).

Interest income or expense is recognised using the effective interest method. 

not expected to be settled wholly within 12 months of the end of the reporting period, then they are 
discounted.

(k) Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. It is recognised in profit or loss ex-
cept to the extent that it relates to a business combination or items recognised directly in equity or 
in other comprehensive income.

Income  from  financial  assets  is  initially  recognised  at  fair  value  plus  or  minus  transaction 

costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition or issue.

(i) Current tax

(i) Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the functional currency at the exchange 

rates at the dates of the transactions.

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated to the func-
tional currency at the exchange rate at the reporting date, as communicated by the National Bank of 
Romania. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are 
translated  to  the  functional  currency  at  the  exchange  rate  when  the  fair  value  was  determined. 
Foreign currency differences are recognised in profit or loss. Non-monetary items that are measured 
based on historical cost in a foreign currency are not translated to the functional currency.

(j) Employee benefits

(i) Short-term employee benefits

Short-term employee benefits are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as 
the related service is provided. A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid if the 
Group has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service 
provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably.

(ii) Defined benefit plans

The  Group’s  net  obligation  in  respect  of  defined  benefit  plans  is  calculated  separately  for 
each plan by estimating the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in the current and 
prior periods, discounting that amount.

The calculation of defined benefit obligations is performed annually by a qualified actuary 

using the projected unit credit method. 

Re-measurements  of  the  net  defined  benefit  liability,  which  comprise  actuarial  gains  and 
losses, are recognised immediately in other comprehensive income. The Group determines the net 
interest expense/(income) on the net defined benefit liability for the period by applying the discount 
rate  used  to  measure  the  defined  benefit  obligation  at  the  beginning  of  the  annual  period  to  the 
then-net defined benefit liability, taking into account any changes in the net defined benefit liability 
during the period as a result of contributions and benefit payments. Net interest expense and other 
expenses related to defined benefit plans are recognised in profit or loss.

When the benefits of a plan are changed or when a plan is curtailed, the resulting change in 
benefit that relates to past service or the gain or loss on curtailment is recognised immediately in 
profit  or  loss.  The  Group  recognises  gains  and  losses  on  the  settlement  of  a  defined  benefit  plan 
when the settlement occurs.

(iii) Other long-term employee benefits

The Group’s net obligation in respect of long-term employee benefits is the amount of future 
benefit that employees have earned in return for their service in the current and prior periods. That 
benefit is discounted to determine its present value. Re-measurements are recognised in profit or 
loss in the period in which they arise.

(iv) Termination benefits

Termination benefits are expensed at the earlier of when the Group can no longer withdraw 
the offer of those benefits and when the Group recognises costs for a restructuring. If benefits are 

.

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Current tax comprises the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss 
for the year and any adjustment to tax payable or receivable in respect of previous years. It is mea-
sured using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Current tax also inclu-
des any tax arising from dividends.

(ii) Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognised in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts 
of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. 
Deferred tax is not recognised for:

 y temporary differences on the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that 
is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss;
 y temporary differences related to investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint arrange-
ments to the extent that the Group is able to control the timing of the reversal of the tem-
porary differences and it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future; 
and

 y taxable temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of goodwill.

Deferred tax assets are recognised for unused tax losses, unused tax credits and deductible 
temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available 
against which they can be used. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are 
reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realised.

Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary diffe-

rences when they reverse, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

The measurement of deferred tax reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the 
manner in which the Group expects, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount 
of its assets and liabilities. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if certain criteria are met. 

Unrecognized deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and recognized to 
the extent that it has become probable that the future taxable profits will be available against which 
they can be used.

.

The Group applies IFRIC 23 „Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments”. IFRIC 23 clarifies how 
to  apply  the  recognition  and  measurement  requirements  in  IAS  12  when  there  is  uncertainty  over 
income tax treatments. 

In such a circumstance, the Group shall recognise and measure its current or deferred tax 
asset or liability applying the requirements in IAS 12 based on taxable profit (tax loss), tax bases, 
unused tax losses, unused tax credits and tax rates determined applying this interpretation.

The Group assesses whether it is probable (more than 50% chances) that a tax authority will 

accept an uncertain tax treatment.

Thus, the Group shall reflect the effect of uncertainty for each uncertain tax treatment by 
using either of the following methods, depending on which method the entity expects to better pre-
dict the resolution of the uncertainty:

(a) the most likely amount - the single most likely amount in a range of possible outcomes. 
The most likely amount may better predict the resolution of the uncertainty if the possible outcomes 
are binary or are concentrated on one value.

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431

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b) the expected value - the sum of the probability-weighted amounts in a range of possible 
outcomes. The expected value may better predict the resolution of the uncertainty if there is a range 
of possible outcomes that are neither binary nor concentrated on one value.

includes professional fees and, for qualifying assets, borrowing costs capitalised in accordance with 
the Group’s accounting policy. Depreciation of these assets, determined on the same basis as other 
property assets, commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.

(l) Green certificates

Electricity supply

Electricity suppliers have a legal obligation to purchase green certificates from producers of 
electricity from renewable sources, based on annual targets or quotas set by law, which are applied 
to the quantity of electricity purchased and supplied to final customers. 

The cost of green certificates is accrued in the profit or loss based on the quantitative quota 
determined by the regulator representing the quantity of the green certificates that the Group has 
to  purchase  for  the  year  and  based  on  the  price  of  green  certificates  acquired  on  the  centralized 
market. The obligation for covering the annual acquisition quota is accrued in profit or loss.

Electricity generation

Electricity producers are entitled by the law in force to receive a certain number of green 
certificates  for  each  MWH  of  electricity  produced  from  renewable  sources  and  injected  into  the 
network. 

Green certificates are recognized as inventories when the producer has the right to receive 
as a result of energy produced and delivered into the network, at nil nominal value. Recognition in 
the profit and loss account is done at the time of their sale.

(m) Inventories

Inventories consist mainly of spare parts that do not meet the recognition criteria for proper-
ty,  plant  and  equipment,  consumables,  goods  for  resale,  other  inventories  and  the  natural  gas 
storage.

Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. 

The cost of inventories is based on the weighted average cost method. The cost of invento-
ries includes all the acquisition costs and other expenses related to bringing the inventories to their 
current place and condition.

Consumables used for the repairs and maintenance of the electricity network are included in 

profit and loss when consumed and presented in “Repairs, maintenance and materials”.

(n) Property, plant and equipment

(i) Recognition and measurement

Property, plant and equipment are stated initially at cost, which includes purchase price and 
other costs directly attributable to acquisition and bringing the asset to the location and condition 
necessary for their intended use. 

After initial recognition, land and buildings are measured at revalued amounts less any accu-
mulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses since the most recent valuation. The 
other items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost less any accumulated deprecia-
tion and any accumulated impairment losses.

Revaluations  of  land  and  buildings  are  made  with  sufficient  regularity  to  ensure  that  the 
carrying  amount  does  not  differ  materially  from  the  one  that  would  be  determined  using  the  fair 
value at the end of the reporting period.

When a building is revalued, the accumulated depreciation is eliminated against the gross 

carrying amount of that item, and the net amount is restated to the revalued amount of the asset. 

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, 
then  they  are  accounted  for  as  separate  items  (major  components)  of  property,  plant  and 
equipment.

Properties in the course of construction for production, supply or administrative purposes, 
or for purposes not yet determined, are carried at cost, less any recognised impairment loss. Cost 

.

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Spare parts, stand-by and servicing equipment are classified as property, plant and equip-
ment if they are expected to be used during more than one period or can be used only in connection 
with an item of property, plant and equipment.

Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in 

profit or loss.

(ii) Subsequent expenditure

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits 

associated with the expenditure will flow to the Group.

(iii) Depreciation

Depreciation is calculated to write off the cost of items of property, plant and equipment less 
their estimated residual values using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, and is 
recognised in profit or loss. Leased assets are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and 
their useful lives unless it is reasonably certain that the Group will obtain ownership by the end of the 
lease term. Land and construction in progress are not depreciated.

The estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment are as follows:

Category

Buildings
Equipment
Motor vehicles and office equipment

Useful lives (years)
45-70
3-25
3-10

Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date 

and adjusted if appropriate.

(o) Intangible asset in a service concession arrangement

(i) Recognition and measurement

The  Group  recognises  an  intangible  asset  arising  from  a  service  concession  arrangement 
when it has a right to charge for use of the concession infrastructure. An intangible asset received as 
consideration for providing construction or upgrade services in a service concession arrangement is 
measured at fair value on initial recognition with reference to the fair value of the services provided. 
Subsequent to initial recognition, the intangible asset is measured at cost, less accumulated amorti-
zation and accumulated impairment losses. 

(ii)  Amortization

.

The amortization method used is selected on the basis of the expected pattern of consump-
tion  of  the  expected  future  economic  benefits  embodied  in  the  asset,  and  is  applied  consistently 
from period to period, unless there is a change in the expected pattern of consumption of those fu-
ture economic benefits. The Group determined that the amortization method that reflects appropri-
ately the expected pattern of consumption of the expected future economic benefits is correlated 
with the amortisation of the regulated asset base “RAB”.

(p) Connection fees

According to art. 25 paragraph (1) of Law no. 123/2012 on electricity and natural gas, as sub-
sequently amended and supplemented, access to power grids of public interest is a mandatory ser-
vice provided under regulatory conditions, which the transmission and system operator as well as the 
distribution operators must ensure. 

At the request of a new or pre-existing customer, the distribution operators are obliged to 
communicate the technical and economic conditions for the connection network and to cooperate 
with the applicant to choose the most advantageous technical and economic solution. Afterwards, a 
connection contract is concluded between the distribution operator and the customer at a regulated 

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433

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
tariff. The actual construction of the connection installation is carried out by a construction supplier 
certified by ANRE. 

The Group collects cash from customers, which is used only to pay for the construction of 
the connection station, and the Group must then use this asset to connect customers to the network. 
According  to  ANRE  Order  no.  59/2013,  with  subsequent  amendments,  these  assets  remain  in  the 
ownership of the network operator.

The Group recognizes the assets at nil value, net of the amount of the deferred income re-
presenting  the  contributions  from  customers.  The  assets  financed  from  connection  fees  received 
from the new users of the distribution network are not included in the RAB. At the end of the con-
cession contract, the assets built from the connection tariff will be transferred to the concessionaire 
free of charge together with the assets part of RAB.

Starting with 2021, according to ANRE Order no. 160/2020 amending ANRE Order no.59/2013, 
the connection installations that are financed by the customers will remain in their ownership and are 
being exploited by the network operator. However, according to ANRE Order no. 17/2021 for the con-
nection installations of all household consumers and of the non-household with lengths less than 2.5 
km, the distribution operator has the obligation to finance them and these will remain in the owner-
ship of the network operator.

(q) Other intangible assets

(i) Recognition and measurement

Other intangible assets that are acquired by the Group and have finite useful lives are mea-

sured at cost less accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses. 

(ii) Subsequent expenditure

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits 
embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure, including expenditure on 
internally generated goodwill and brands, is recognised in profit or loss as incurred.

(iii) Amortization

Amortization is calculated to write off the cost of intangible assets less their estimated resi-
dual values using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives and is generally recogni-
sed in profit or loss. 

The estimated useful lives of software and licenses are 3-5 years.

Amortization methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date 

and adjusted if appropriate.

.

(r) Goodwill

Goodwill  is  measured  as  the  value  of  the  consideration  transferred  (fair  value)  plus  the 
amount of any non-controlling interest (NCI) plus the fair value of previous equity interests minus the 
net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed 
(measured in accordance with IFRS 3).

Goodwill arising on the acquisition of subsidiaries is measured at cost less accumulated im-

pairment losses.

(s) Assets held for sale

Non-current assets or disposal groups comprising assets and liabilities, are classified as held-
for-sale if it is highly probable that they will be recovered primarily through sale rather than through 
continuing use.

Such assets, or disposal groups, are generally measured at the lower of their carrying amount 
and fair value less costs to sell. Impairment losses on initial classification as held-for-sale and sub-
sequent gains and losses on remeasurement are recognised in profit or loss. 

Once classified as held-for-sale, intangible assets and property, plant and equipment are no 
longer amortised or depreciated, and any equity-accounted investee is no longer equity accounted.

.

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434

(t) Financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the Group’s statement of financial 

position when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs 
that  are  directly  attributable  to  the  acquisition  or  issue  of  financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities 
(other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or 
deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial 
recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial 
liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in profit or loss.

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to both a financial asset of one enterpri-
se and a financial liability or equity shares of another enterprise. For this purpose, a financial asset is 
any asset that is (a) cash; (b) a contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset from ano-
ther  enterprise;  (c)  a  contractual  right  to  exchange  financial  instruments  with  another  enterprise 
under conditions that are potentially favourable; or (d) an equity share of another enterprise.

(u) Financial assets

All regular way purchases or sales of financial assets are recognised and derecognised on a 
trade date basis. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or sales of financial assets that requ-
ire delivery of assets within the time frame established by regulation or convention in the marketpla-
ce. All recognised financial assets are measured subsequently in their entirety at either amortised 
cost or fair value, depending on the classification of the financial assets.

Financial  assets  are  initially  measured  at  fair  value  and  subsequently  at  amortized  cost  in 
accordance with IFRS 9, as they are held in a business model to collect contractual cash flows and 
these  cash  flows  consist  solely  of  payments  of  principal  and  interest  on  the  principal  amount 
outstanding.

The amortized cost of a financial asset is the amount at which the financial asset is measured 
at initial recognition minus the principal reimbursements, plus the cumulative amortization using the 
effective interest method of any difference between that initial amount and the maturity amount, 
adjusted for any loss allowance. The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is the amortized cost 
of a financial asset before adjusting for any loss allowance.

Foreign exchange gains and losses

The carrying amount of financial assets that are denominated in a foreign currency is deter-

mined in that foreign currency and translated at the spot rate at the end of each reporting period. 

Loans and receivables

These assets are initially recognised at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction 
costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, they are measured at amortised cost using the effective in-
terest method. The amortised cost is reduced by impairment losses.

Loans and receivables comprise trade receivables, cash and cash equivalents and deposits.

Trade receivables

Trade  receivables  include  mainly  unsettled  invoices  issued  until  reporting  date  for  supply 
and distribution of electricity and services, late payment penalties and accrued revenue for electri-
city delivered and services rendered until the end of the year but invoiced after the end of the year.

Government grants

Government grants that compensate the Group for operating activities (not related to capi-
tal expenses) are recognised expenses incurred are recognised in profit or loss as other income on a 
systematic basis in the periods in which the expenses are recognised, unless the conditions for recei-
ving the grant are met after the related expenses have been recognised. In this case, the grant is 
recognised when it becomes receivable.  

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435

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other receivables from capping schemes:

The compensation of household consumers for part of the costs incurred by the electricity 

invoices was applicable between 1 November 2021 until 31 March 2022.

The exemption was applicable between 1 November 2021 until 31 January 2022 for several 
types  of  non-household  consumers  from  payment  of  regulated  tariffs  and  other  taxes/
contributions.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances, call deposits and deposits with maturi-
ties of three months or less from the set-up date that are subject to an insignificant risk of changes 
in their fair value and are used by the Group in the management of its short-term commitments.

(x) Impairment

Impairment of financial assets

The  Group  recognizes  a  loss  allowance  for  expected  credit  losses  on  investments  in  debt 
instruments that are measured at amortized cost or at fair value through other comprehensive inco-
me. The amount of expected credit losses is updated at each reporting date to reflect changes in 
credit risk since initial recognition of the respective financial instrument.

The Group always recognizes lifetime expected credit losses for trade receivables. The ex-
pected credit losses on these financial assets are estimated using a provision matrix based on the 
Group’s historical credit loss experience, adjusted for factors that are specific to the debtors, general 
economic conditions and an assessment of both the current as well as the forecast direction of con-
ditions at the reporting date, including time value of money where appropriate.

Financial assets derived from concession agreement amendments

i) Significant increase in credit risk

Based  on  the  concession  contracts  amendments  between  the  distribution  subsidiary  and 
Ministry of Energy, the additional cost of purchasing electricity for covering the own technological 
consumption of the distribution operators (actual costs with the purchase of electricity for CPT co-
verage compared to the costs included in the regulated tariffs) are recognised in purchase-selling 
price  in  the  agreements,  until  their  recuperations  in  tariffs  from  the  consumers,  as  stipulated  by 
ANRE regulations. The financial assets are measured initially at fair value and subsequently at fair 
value through P&L (FVTPL) in accordance with IFRS 9.

In assessing whether the credit risk on a financial instrument has increased significantly since 
initial recognition, the Group compares the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument at 
the reporting date with the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument at the date of initial 
recognition. 

Irrespective of the above analysis, the Group considers that default has occurred when a fi-
nancial asset is more than 90 days past due unless the Group has reasonable and supportable infor-
mation to demonstrate that a more lagging default criterion is more appropriate.

(v) Financial liabilities 

 (ii) Write-off policy

All financial liabilities are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective inte-

rest method or at fair value through profit or loss. 

Financial liabilities that are not (i) contingent consideration of an acquirer in a business com-
bination, (ii) held-for-trading, or (iii) valued as at fair value, are measured subsequently at amortised 
cost using the effective interest method. 

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial li-
ability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the 
rate  that  exactly  discounts  estimated  future  cash  payments  (including  all  fees  and  points  paid  or 
received  that  form  an  integral  part  of  the  effective  interest  rate,  transaction  costs  and  other  pre-
miums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability, or (where appropriate) a shor-
ter period, to the amortised cost of a financial liability.

Other  financial  liabilities  include  bank  borrowings,  bank  overdrafts,  financing  for  network 

construction related to concession agreements and trade payables.

(w) Share capital

Ordinary shares

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue 

of ordinary shares, net of any tax effects, are recognised as a deduction from equity.

Repurchase and reissue of ordinary shares (treasury shares)

When shares recognised as equity are repurchased, the amount of the consideration paid, 
which includes directly attributable costs, net of any tax effects, is recognised as a deduction from 
equity. Repurchased shares are classified as treasury shares and are presented in the treasury share 
reserve. 

When treasury shares are sold or reissued subsequently, the amount received is recognised 
as an increase in equity and the resulting surplus or deficit on the transaction is presented within 
share premium.

The Group writes off a financial asset after the finalization of the bankruptcy proceedings. 
Financial assets written off may still be subject to enforcement activities under the Group’s recovery 
procedures, taking into account legal advice where appropriate. Any recoveries made are recognised 
in profit or loss.

(iii) Measurement and recognition of expected credit losses

The measurement of expected credit losses is a function of the probability of default, loss 
given default (i.e. the magnitude of the loss if there is a default) and the exposure at default. The 
assessment of the probability of default and loss given default is based on historical data adjusted 
by forward-looking information as described above. As for the exposure at default, for financial as-
sets, this is represented by the assets’ gross carrying amount at the reporting date.

For financial assets, the expected credit loss is estimated as the difference between all con-
tractual cash flows that are due to the Group in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows 
that the Group expects to receive, discounted at the original effective interest rate. 

Derecognition of financial assets

The Group derecognises a financial asset only when the contractual rights to the cash flows 
from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewar-
ds of ownership of the asset to another entity. If the Group neither transfers nor retains substantially 
all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the transferred asset, the Group re-
cognises its retained interest in the asset and an associated liability for amounts it may have to pay. 
If  the  Group  retains  substantially  all  the  risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  of  a  transferred  financial 
asset,  the  Group  continues  to  recognise  the  financial  asset  and  also  recognises  a  collateralised 
borrowing for the proceeds received.

(y) Revaluation reserve

The difference between the revalued amount and the net carrying amount of property, plant 

and equipment is recognised as revaluation reserve included in equity.

If an asset’s carrying amount is increased as a result of a revaluation, the increase is recogni-
sed and accumulated in equity under the heading of revaluation reserve. However, the increase is 
recognised in profit and loss to the extent that it reverses a revaluation decrease of the same amount 
of the asset previously recognised in profit and loss.

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436

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437

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If an asset’s carrying amount is decreased as a result of a revaluation, the decrease is recog-
nised in profit or loss. However, the decrease is recognized in equity in revaluation reserves if there is 
any credit balance existing in the revaluation reserve in respect of that asset. 

recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the 
lease unless another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic 
benefits from the leased assets are consumed. 

The revaluation reserve is transferred to retained earnings in an amount corresponding to 

the use of the asset (as the asset is depreciated) and upon disposal of the asset. 

(z) Dividends

Dividends are recognized as a deduction from equity in the period in which their distribution 
is approved and recognised as a liability to the extent it is unpaid at the reporting date. Dividends are 
disclosed in the notes to financial statements when their distribution is proposed after the reporting 
date and before the date of the issuance of the financial statements.

(aa) Pre-paid capital contributions in kind from shareholders

These contributions from a shareholder represent pre-paid contributions of land for which 
the Company obtained title deeds in respect of future issuance of shares. The amounts recorded are 
based on the fair value of the land.

(bb) Provisions

A provision is recognised if, as a result of a past event, the Group has a present, legal or con-
structive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic 
benefits will be required to settle the obligation. Provisions are determined by discounting the ex-
pected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value 
of money and the risks specific to the liability. The unwinding of the discount is recognised as finance 
cost.

A provision for restructuring is recognised when the Group has approved a detailed and for-
mal restructuring plan, and the restructuring either has commenced or has been announced publicly. 
Future operating losses are not provided for.

(cc) Contingent assets and liabilities

A contingent liability is:

(a) a possible obligation that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed 
only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within 
the control of the Group; or 

(b) a present obligation that arises from past events that is not recognised because: 

        i. it is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be 

required to settle the obligation; or  

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not 
paid at the commencement date, discounted by using the default rate in the lease. If this rate cannot 
be readily determined, the Group uses its incremental borrowing rate.

The lease liability is presented as a separate line in the consolidated statement of financial 
position. The lease liability is subsequently measured by increasing the carrying amount to reflect 
interest  on  the  lease  liability  (using  the  effective  interest  method)  and  by  reducing  the  carrying 
amount to reflect the lease payments made.

The Group remeasures the lease liability (and makes a corresponding adjustment to the re-

lated right-of-use asset) whenever:

 y the lease term has changed or there is a significant event or change in circumstances re-
sulting in a change in the assessment of exercise of a purchase option, in which case the 
lease  liability  is  remeasured  by  discounting  the  revised  lease  payments  using  a  revised 
discount rate;

 y the lease payments change due to changes in an index or rate or a change in expected 
payment under a guaranteed residual value, in which cases the lease liability is remeasured 
by discounting the revised lease payments using an unchanged discount rate (unless the 
lease payments change is due to a change in a floating interest rate, in which case a re-
vised discount rate is used);

 y a lease contract is modified and the lease modification is not accounted for as a separate 
lease, in which case the lease liability is remeasured based on the lease term of the mod-
ified lease by discounting the revised lease payments using a revised discount rate at the 
effective date of the modification.

Right-of-use assets are depreciated over the shorter period of lease term and useful life of 
the underlying asset. If a lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset or the cost of the right-
of-use asset reflects that the Group expects to exercise a purchase option, the related right-of-use 
asset is depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset. The depreciation starts at the com-
mencement date of the lease.

The right-of-use assets are presented as a separate line in the consolidated statement of fi-

nancial position.

(ii) Rental income

Rental income from property, plant and equipment other than investment property is reco-
gnised as Other income. Rental income is recognised on a straight-line basis over the term of the 
lease.

        ii. the amount of the obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability.

(ee) Investment in associates

.

.

Contingent liabilities are not recognized in the Group’s financial statements, but disclosed 

unless the possibility of an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits is remote.

A contingent asset is a possible asset that arises from past events and whose existence will 
be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not 
wholly within the control of the Group.

A contingent asset is not recognized in the Group’s financial statements, but disclosed when 

an inflow of economic benefits is probable.

(dd) Leases

 (i) The Group as lessee

The Group applies IFRS 16 „Leases”.

The Group assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease, at inception of the contract. 
The Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability with respect to all lease 
arrangements in which it is the lessee, except for short-term leases (with a lease term of 12 months 
or  less)  and  leases  of  low  value  assets  (of  less  than  USD  5,000).  For  these  leases,  the  Group 

An associate is an entity over which the Group has significant influence and that is neither a 
subsidiary nor an interest in a joint venture. Significant influence is the power to participate in the 
financial and operating policy decisions of the investee but is not control or joint control over those 
policies. 

The results and assets and liabilities of associates are incorporated in these consolidated fi-
nancial statements using the equity method of accounting, except when the investment is classified 
as held for sale, in which case it is accounted for in accordance with IFRS 5. 

Under the equity method, an investment in an associate is recognised initially in the consoli-
dated statement of financial position at cost and adjusted thereafter to recognise the Group’s share 
of the profit or loss and other comprehensive income of the associate. 

When the Group’s share of losses of an associate exceeds the Group’s interest in that asso-
ciate (which includes any long-term interests that, in substance, form part of the Group’s net invest-
ment  in  the  associate),  the  Group  discontinues  recognising  its  share  of  further  losses.  Additional 
losses are recognised only to the extent that the Group has incurred legal or constructive obligations 
or made payments on behalf of the associate. 

.

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438

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439

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
An investment in an associate is accounted for using the equity method from the date on 
which the investee becomes an associate. On acquisition of the investment in an associate, any ex-
cess of the cost of the investment over the Group’s share of the net fair value of the identifiable as-
sets and liabilities of the investee is recognised as goodwill, which is included within the carrying 
amount of the investment. 

Any excess of the Group’s share of the net fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities 
over the cost of the investment, after reassessment, is recognised immediately in profit or loss in the 
period in which the investment is acquired.

The requirements of IAS 36 are applied to determine whether it is necessary to recognise 
any  impairment  loss  with  respect  to  the  Group’s  investment  in  an  associate. When  necessary,  the 
entire carrying amount of the investment (including goodwill) is tested for impairment in accordance 
with IAS 36 as a single asset by comparing its recoverable amount (higher of value in use and fair 
value less costs of disposal) with its carrying amount. Any impairment loss recognised is not alloca-
ted to any asset, including goodwill that forms part of the carrying amount of the investment. Any 
reversal of that impairment loss is recognised in accordance with IAS 36 to the extent that the reco-
verable amount of the investment subsequently increases. 

The Group discontinues the use of the equity method from the date when the investment 

ceases to be an associate. 

(ff) Segment reporting

Segment results that are reported to the Company’s Board of Directors (the chief operating 
decision maker) include items directly attributable to a segment as well as those that can be alloca-
ted on a reasonable basis. 

(gg) Subsequent events 

Events occurring after the reporting date 31 December 2022, which provide additional infor-
mation about conditions prevailing at the reporting date (adjusting events) are reflected in the con-
solidated financial statements. Events occurring after the reporting date that provide information on 
events that occurred after the reporting date (non-adjusting events), when material, are disclosed in 
the notes to the consolidated financial statements. When the going concern assumption is no longer 
appropriate at or after the reporting period, the financial statements are not prepared on a going 
concern basis.

7 Adoption of new and revised standards and interpretations

Initial application of new amendments to the existing standards effective for the current 

reporting period   

The following amendments to the existing standards issued by the International Accounting 

Standards Board (IASB) and adopted by the EU are effective for the current reporting period:

 y Amendments to IAS 16 “Property, Plant and Equipment” - Proceeds before Intended Use 
adopted by the EU on 28 June 2021 (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 
January 2022), 

 y Amendments to IAS 37 “Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets” - Oner-
ous Contracts - Cost of Fulfilling a Contract adopted by the EU on 28 June 2021 (effective 
for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022),

 y Amendments to IFRS 3 “Business Combinations” - Reference to the Conceptual Frame-
work with amendments to IFRS 3 adopted by the EU on 28 June 2021 (effective for annual 
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022),

 y Amendments  to  various  standards  due  to  “Improvements  to  IFRSs  (cycle  2018  -2020)” 
resulting from the annual improvement project of IFRS (IFRS 1, IFRS 9, IFRS 16 and IAS 41) 
primarily with a view to removing inconsistencies and clarifying wording - adopted by the 
EU on 28 June 2021 (The amendments to IFRS 1, IFRS 9 and IAS 41 are effective for annual 
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022. The amendment to IFRS 16 only regards an 
illustrative example, so no effective date is stated).

The adoption of amendments to the existing standards has not led to any material changes 

in the Group’s consolidated financial statements.

Standards and amendments to the existing standards issued by IASB and adopted by the 

EU but not yet effective    

At the date of authorization of these consolidated financial statements, the following amend-
ments to the existing standards were issued by IASB and adopted by the EU and which are not yet 
effective:

 y IFRS 17 “Insurance Contracts” including amendments to IFRS 17 issued by IASB on 25 June 
2020 - adopted by the EU on 19 November 2021 (effective for annual periods beginning 
on or after 1 January 2023),

 y Amendments to IFRS 17 “Insurance contracts” - Initial Application of IFRS 17 and IFRS 9 – 
Comparative Information, adopted by the EU on 8 September 2022 (effective for annual 
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023),

 y Amendments to IAS 1 “Presentation of Financial Statements” - Disclosure of Accounting 
Policies adopted by the EU on 2 March 2022 (effective for annual periods beginning on or 
after 1 January 2023),

 y Amendments to IAS 8 “Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors” 
– Definition of Accounting Estimates adopted by the EU on 2 March 2022 (effective for 
annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023),

 y Amendments to IAS 12 “Income Taxes” - Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities aris-
ing from a Single Transaction adopted by the EU on 11 August 2022 (effective for annual 
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023).

The Group has elected not to adopt the amendments to existing standards in advance of 
their effective dates. The Group anticipates that the adoption of these amendments to existing stan-
dards will have no material impact on the financial statements of the Group in the period of initial 
application.

New standards and amendments to the existing standards issued by IASB but not yet ad-

opted by the EU     

At present, IFRS as adopted by the EU do not significantly differ from regulations adopted 
by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) except for the following new standards and 
amendments to the existing standards, which were not endorsed for use in EU as at the date of pu-
blication of these consolidated financial statements (the effective dates stated below is for IFRS as 
issued by IASB): 

 y IFRS  14  “Regulatory  Deferral  Accounts”  (effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or 
after 1 January 2016) – the European Commission has decided not to launch the endorse-
ment process of this interim standard and to wait for the final standard,

 y Amendments to IAS 1 “Presentation of Financial Statements” - Classification of Liabilities 
as Current or Non-Current (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 
2023),

 y Amendments  to  IAS  1  “Presentation  of  Financial  Statements”  -  Non-current  Liabilities 

with Covenants (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2024),

 y Amendments to IFRS 16 “Leases” - Lease Liability in a Sale and Leaseback (effective for 

annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2024),

 y Amendments to IFRS 10 “Consolidated Financial Statements” and IAS 28 “Investments in 
Associates and Joint Ventures” - Sale or Contribution of Assets between an Investor and 
its  Associate  or  Joint  Venture  and  further  amendments  (effective  date  deferred  indefi-
nitely until the research project on the equity method has been concluded).

The International Accounting Standards Board has been currently working on the develop-
ment of a new IFRS international financial reporting standard that will align the current standard 
“IFRS 14 Deferral Accounts Related to Regulated Activities” to the new requirements of the energy 
market at EU and global level, which is expected to take into account all relevant related subjects, 
including the proper treatment of own technological consumption expenses. IASB has redelibera-
ted proposals in the Exposure Draft Regulatory Assets and Regulatory Liabilities based on the fee-
dback received on previous variants on Exposure Drafts made available for public comment (https://
www.ifrs.org/projects/work-plan/rate-regulated-activities/#current-stage). As debated in exposure 
drafts, until now there is no approved legislation at IASB level. Currently IFRS 14 (originally issued in 
January 2014 and applied to an entity’s first annual IFRS financial statements for a period beginning 
on or after 1 January 2016) can be applied only when a reporting entity is a IFRS First Time Adopter. 
As the Group is not a IFRS First Time Adopter, the management of the Company did not consider 

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440

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441

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
any  impact  coming  out  from  the  application  of  IFRS  14,  further  guidance  being  expected  in  the 
future.

The  Group  anticipates  that  the  adoption  of  these  new  standards  and  amendments  to  the 
existing standards will have no material impact on the consolidated financial statements of the Group 
in the period of initial application. 

Performance for the year

8 Operating segments

(a) Basis for segmentation

The following summary describes the operations of each reportable segment:

Reportable segments

Electricity and natural gas supply

Electricity distribution

Electricity generation

External electricity network maintenance

Operations
Buying  and  supplying  electricity  and  natural  gas  to 
final consumers (includes Electrica Furnizare S.A.)
Operation, maintenance and construction of electricity 
networks operated by the Group (includes Distributie 
Energie  Electrica  Romania  S.A.  and  the  activity 
performed by Electrica Serv S.A within the distribution 
network).
Production  of  electricity  from  renewable  sources 
(includes  Electrica  Energie  Verde  1  S.R.L.,  Electrica 
Productie  Energie  S.A.,  Sunwind  Energy  S.R.L.,  New 
Trend  Energy  S.R.L.,  Green  Energy  Consultancy  & 
Investments S.R.L.).
Repairs, maintenance and other services for electricity 
networks owned by other distributors (Electrica Serv 
S.A.,  without  the  activity  performed  in  the  electricity 
distribution segment).

The  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Company  reviews  management  reports  of  each  segment. 
Segment earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (“Adjusted EBITDA”) is used to 
measure performance because management believes that such information is one of the most rele-
vant in evaluating the results of the segments.

There are varying levels of integration between the Electricity supply, Electricity distribution 
and External electricity network maintenance segments. This integration includes electricity distri-
bution and shared electricity network maintenance services. Inter-segment pricing policy is determi-
ned on an arm’s length basis. 

All  assets  are  allocated  to  reportable  segments,  except  for  investments  in  associates  and 

deferred tax assets.

(b) Information about reportable segments 

Year Ended  
31 Decem-
ber 2022

Electricity 
and natural 
gas supply

Electricity 
production

Electricity 
distribution

Electricity 
network 
maintenance

Total for 
reportable 
segments

Head-
quarter

8,153,190

14,180

1,817,054

25,472 10,009,896

32,824

7,200

1,579,572

55,612

1,675,208

8,186,014

21,380

3,396,626

81,084

11,685,104

-

-

-

Consolida-
tion elimi-
nations and 
adjustments

Consolidat-
ed total

-

10,009,896

(1,675,208)

-

(1,675,208)

10,009,896

2,754,954

49

1,111,062

42,295

3,908,360

5,180

(121,020)

3,792,520

315,170

9,526

359,377

(2,399)

681,674 25,603

(43,354)

663,923

(63,168)

(2,482)

(152,049)

11,361

(206,338) 65,857

(24,514)

(164,995)

(12,557)

(2,480)

(468,282)

(11,348)

(494,667)

(1,586)

-

(496,253)

External 
revenues
Inter-
segment 
revenue
Segment 
revenue
Other 
income
Segment 
profit (loss) 
before tax
Net finance 
(cost)/
income
Depreciation 
and 
amortization

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

442

Year Ended  
31 Decem-
ber 2022

Electricity 
and natural 
gas supply

Electricity 
production

Electricity 
distribution

Electricity 
network 
maintenance

Total for 
reportable 
segments

Head-
quarter

Consolida-
tion elimi-
nations and 
adjustments

Consolidat-
ed total

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

5

5

102

378

204

(171)

(673)

5,265

19,177

4,889

8,006

25,615

14,488

(2,412)

90,557

69,826

148,919

951,557

308,152

261,099

951,557

960,913

146,743

979,708

(18,843)

390,895

576,584

(112,311)

558,845

(43,354)

(131,794)

(30,055)

(112,413)

(102,619)

1,325,163

(661,963)

4,141,083

2,579,678

3,636,413

2,593,255

(823,422)

11,623,312

9,076,633

(2,373,712)

(1,043,536)

1,382,679 (38,673)

(794,808) (28,614)

418,940 13,783,399 213,625

Impairment 
of property, 
plant and 
equipment, 
net
Impairment 
losses 
on trade 
receivables 
and contract 
assets, net
EBITDA*
Segment net 
profit (loss)
Salaries 
and other 
employee 
benefits
Segment 
assets
Trade 
and other 
receivables
Financial 
assets
Cash 
and cash 
equivalents
Trade 
and other 
payables, 
and short 
term 
employee 
benefits
Bank 
overdrafts
Finance 
lease
Financing 
for network 
construction 
related to 
concession 
agreements, 
bank loans 
and finance 
lease
Capital 
expenditure
*Adjusted EBITDA (Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation or namely EBITDA) 
for operating segments is defined and calculated as segment profit/(loss) before tax of a given 
operating segment adjusted for i) depreciation, amortization and impairment/reversal of impair-
ment of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets in the operating segment, ii) impair-
ment of assets held for sale and iii) net finance income in the operating segment. EBITDA is not an 
IFRS measure and should not be treated as an alternative to IFRS measures. Moreover, EBITDA is 
not uniformly defined. The method used to calculate EBITDA by other companies may differ signifi-
cantly from that used by the Group. As a consequence, the EBITDA presented in this note cannot, 
as such, be relied upon for the purpose of comparison to EBITDA of other companies.

3,450,685 44,399

2,361,899 209,138

229,257 105,630

660,713 100,000

(1,033,845)

2,365,894

2,461,239

2,571,037

1,026,377

1,589,801

623,064

334,887

625,387

772,098

760,713

951,557

612,664

660,713

53,404

33,830

53,673

12,088

42,313

8,469

9,058

(983)

5,623

2,323

16,101

1,342

269

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Year ended 
31 December 
2021  

Electricity 
and natural 
gas supply

External 
revenues
Inter-segment 
revenue
Segment 
revenue

5,741,460 

30,907 

5,772,367 

Electricity 
distribution

Electricity 
generation

External 
electricity 
network 
maintenance

Total for 
reportable 
segments

Headquar-
ter

Consolida-
tion elimi-
nations and 
adjustments

Consolidat-
ed total

1,389,389

1,341,456

6,024

2,949

41,991

7,178,864

26,127

1,401,439

2,730,845

8,973

68,118

8,580,303

-

-

-

-

7,178,864

(1,401,439)

-

(1,401,439)

7,178,864

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

443

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
             
       
Year ended 
31 December 
2021  

Electricity 
and natural 
gas supply

Electricity 
distribution

Electricity 
generation

External 
electricity 
network 
maintenance

Total for 
reportable 
segments

Headquar-
ter

Consolida-
tion elimi-
nations and 
adjustments

Consolidat-
ed total

(453,610)

(153,003)

1,544

(17,868)

(622,937)

321,779

(331,253)

(632,411)

336 

(73,498)

(738)

850

(73,050)

377,419

(331,250)

(26,881)

(14,228)

(451,945)

(2,290)

(10,092)

(478,555)

(2,275)

-   

-   

-

-

-

-

137

137

3,805

(154)

(154)

(492)

-

-

-

(480,830)

3,942

(646)

(439,718)

372,440

4,572

(8,609)

(71,315)

(56,678)

(3)

(127,996)

(37,767)

(32,707)

-

(212)

(70,686)

70

-

(70,616)

(389,678)

(139,040)

1,300

(16,033)

(543,451)

321,822

(331,253)

(552,882)

(106,107)

(622,492)

(47)

(34,790)

(763,436)

(39,240)

9,374 

500,387

8

1,552

511,321

4,539

-

-

(802,676)

515,860

1,422,316 

8,085,802

41,206

417,744

9,967,068

182,509  (2,266,441)

7,883,136

1,216,895 

1,057,157

998

85,924

2,360,974

75,106

(1,042,861)

1,393,219

60,231 

145,741

2,635

7,466

216,073

5,757

-

221,830

1,380,664 

826,256

24,373

27,917

2,259,210

53,551

(1,016,329)

1,296,432

Segment 
profit/(loss) 
before tax
Net finance 
income/(cost)
Amortization 
and 
depreciation
(Impairment)/
Reversal of 
impairment of 
property, plant 
and equipment 
and intangible 
assets, net
Reversal of 
impairment of 
assets held for 
sale
Adjusted 
EBITDA*
Reversal of 
impairment/
(Impairment) of 
trade and other 
receivables, net
Segment 
profit/(loss) 
after tax
Employee 
benefits
Capital 
expenditure
Segment 
assets
Trade and other 
receivables
Cash and cash 
equivalents
Restricted cash 
(short term)
Trade and 
other payables 
and short term 
employee 
benefits
Bank overdrafts
Lease liability
Bank 
borrowings

.

9 Revenue 

Electricity distribution and supply
Supply of natural gas
Construction revenue related to 
concession agreements (Note 23)
Repairs, maintenance and other 
services rendered
Proceeds from sale of green 
certificates
Re-connection fees
Sales of merchandise
Total

2022

2021

8,991,986
308,515

611,294

87,395

3,741

3,824
3,141
10,009,896

6,517,777
98,503

500,387

59,854

1,138

1,205
-
7,178,864

In respect to the timing of the revenue recognition, most of the Group’s services provided 
are transferred to the customer over time, only a small part amounting to RON 2,694 thousand (2021: 
RON 2,081 thousand) being transferred at a point in time (e.g. metering services provided by the 
distribution companies, providing periodic data analysis to the customer for certain taxes collected 
on behalf of them).

10 Electricity and natural gas purchased

Electricity 
purchased
Green 
certificates 
purchased
Natural gas 
purchased
Total

2022

2021

9,886,773

4,967,315

609,107

10,929

581,729

145,680

10,506,809   

5,694,724

The cost of electricity and natural gas purchased includes the cost of the green certificates 
purchased by the supply subsidiary which has a legal obligation to purchase green certificates from 
producers of electricity from renewable sources, based on annual targets or quotas set by law, which 
are  applied  to  the  quantity  of  electricity  purchased  and  supplied  to  final  customers.  The  cost  of 
green certificates is then invoiced to final customers separately from electricity tariffs.

298,602 

208,109

3,270 
-   

15,147
628,489

-

-
-

-

506,711

120,691

2,614
-

21,031
628,489

513
-

-

-
-

627,402

21,544
628,489

11 Other income and expenses

(a) Other income

2022

2021

.

*Adjusted EBITDA (Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation or namely EBITDA) 
for operating segments is defined and calculated as segment profit/(loss) before tax of a given 
operating segment adjusted for i) depreciation, amortization and impairment/reversal of impair-
ment of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets in the operating segment, ii) impair-
ment of assets held for sale and iii) net finance income in the operating segment. EBITDA is not an 
IFRS measure and should not be treated as an alternative to IFRS measures. Moreover, EBITDA is 
not uniformly defined. The method used to calculate EBITDA by other companies may differ signifi-
cantly from that used by the Group. As a consequence, the EBITDA presented in this note cannot, 
as such, be relied upon for the purpose of comparison to EBITDA of other companies.

Subsidies related to electricity and 
natural gas supply (note 18)
Other income from initial 
recognition of financial 
assets related to concession 
arrangements (note 25)
Rental income
Late payment penalties from 
customers
Other
Total

2,687,131

951,557

92,486

52,110

9,236
3,792,520

-

-

93,143

28,356

74,272
195,771

Rental income refers mainly to the subsidies, following by rental of the electricity poles by 

the distribution subsidiary to telecom operators.

During 2022, the Group recognized subsidies on the supply segment of RON 2,687,131 thou-
sand, out of which RON 1,224,375 thousand are outstanding receivable from the Ministry of Energy 
following the application of the capping price mechanism for the electricity and natural gas as appro-
ved by Order no. 118/2021 with subsequent amendments and GEO no. 27/2022, the latter one being 
amended by GEO no. 119/2022.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

444

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

445

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
(b) Other operating expenses

2022

2021

44,092

43,211
39,697

46,950
56,643

Other taxes and duties 
Utilities
Printing and distribution of invoices 
services
IT services
Security services
Meters reading expenses
Cash collection services
Rent 
Postage and telecommunication 
services
Call centre services
Other
Total
*Meter reading expenses have increased during 2022 as a consequence of changes in legislation 
related to frequency of meter readings. During 2021 meters were read with a frequency of 2 times 
per year as compared to 2022 when they are measured quarterly (according to ANRE, the date 
between measurement cannot exceed 3 months).

34,929
17,549
39,748
14,632
21,010

10,929
47,491
352,971

30,411
26,718
22,219
15,819
12,205

11,011
93,216
343,147

36,960

18,998

11,680

12 Net finance cost

Interest income 
Other finance income
Total finance income
Interest expense
Interest cost for employee benefits 
(Note 15)
Foreign exchange losses, net
Total finance costs
Net finance cost

13 Earnings/(loss) per share 

2022

2021

2,847
6,871
9,718
(156,985)

(7,354)

(10,374)
(174,713)
(164,995)

1,765
882
2,647
(24,110)

(5,007)

(411)
(29,528)
(26,881)

The calculation of basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per share has been based on the following 
profit  attributable  to  Company’s  shareholders  and  weighted-average  number  of  ordinary  shares 
outstanding:

Profit/(Loss) attributable to shareholders

.

Profit/(Loss) for the year 
attributable to the owners of the 
Company
Profit attributable to shareholders 
of the Company

2022

2021

558,954

558,954

(552,882)

(552,882)

Number of ordinary shares (in number of shares)

Number of ordinary shares at 
31 December

2022

2021

339,553,004

339,553,004

For the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share, treasury shares (6,890,593 sha-
res) were not treated as outstanding ordinary shares and were deducted from the number of issued 
ordinary shares.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

446

Earnings/(Loss) per share

Basic and diluted earnings/(loss) 
per share (RON)

Employee benefits

2022

1.65

14 Short-term employee benefits 

2021

(1.63)

Personnel payables
Current portion of defined benefit 
liability and other employee 
benefits
Social security charges 
Tax on salaries 
Total 

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

70,105

11,548

27,301
5,220
114,174

52,419

18,257

25,342
5,084
101,102

For details of the related employee benefit expenses, see Notes 15 and 16.

In Romania, all employers and employees, as well as other persons, are contributors to the 
State  social  security  system.  The  social  security  system  covers  pensions,  child  benefit,  temporary 
inability to work situations, risks of work accidents and professional diseases and other social assis-
tance services, redundancy payments and incentives granted to employers for creating new jobs.

15 Post-employment and other long-term employee benefits 

The Group provides cash benefits to employees depending on seniority in the form of jubilee 
bonuses and depending on the years of service at retirement in the form of retirement bonuses. The 
post-employment  and  other  long-term  employee  benefits  are  stipulated  in  the  Collective  Labour 
Contracts.
In 2022 and 2021, employee benefit obligations were computed by an independent actuary using the projected 
unit credit method with benefits calculated proportionally to the period of service.

31 December 
2022

31 December 
2021

Defined benefit liability
Other long-term employee benefits
Total
    - Current portion*
    - Non-current portion

*included in Personnel payables in Note 14

41,675
87,762
129,437
12,168
117,269

79,078
88,356
167,434
18,257
149,177

(a) Movement in the defined benefit liability and other long-term employee benefits

The following tables shows a reconciliation from the opening balances to the closing balan-
ces  for  the  defined  benefit  liability  and  other  long-term  employee  benefits  and  its  components. 
There are no plan assets.

Defined benefit liability

2022

2021

Balance at 1 January
Included in profit or loss
Current service cost
Past service cost
Interest cost
Included in other comprehensive 
income
Remeasurements loss
   - Actuarial loss 
Other
Benefits paid
Balance at 31 December 

79,078

4,893
(23,367)
3,100

(9,503)

(12,526)
41,675

68,101

5,158
5,054
2,194

5,891

(7,320)
79,078

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

447

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Defined benefit liability

Other long-term employee 
benefits
Balance at 1 January
Included in profit or loss
Current service cost
Past service cost
Actuarial (gain)/ loss
Interest cost 
Other
Benefits paid
Balance at 31 December 

2022

2022

2021

2021

88,356

7,786
(353)
(4,509)
4,256

(7,775)
87,761

86,195

8,285
-
(1,859)
2,814

(7,079)
88,356

Defined benefits refer to the retirement bonuses granted according to the seniority within the 
Group and other long-term benefits refer to the jubilee bonuses granted for seniority. 

(I) Actuarial assumptions

The following were the main actuarial assumptions at each reporting date:

(a) Macroeconomic assumptions:

 y inflation.  The  actuary  used  information  from  the  National  Commission  for  Strategy  and 

Prognosis:

Year

2022
2023
2024
2025
2026+

Valuation date
31 December 2022
13.9%
7.5%
4.9%
3%
2.5%

Valuation date
31 December 2021
5.9%
3.2%
3.0%
2.8%
2.5%

 y the discount rate used is based on the yield of the Romanian Government bonds at the 
reporting  date,  therefore  the  weighted  average  discount  rate  is  8.1%  for  the  year  2022 
(2021: 5%);

 y taxes and social charges are those in force as at the reporting date.

(b) Group specific assumptions:

 y For the year 2022 were taken into consideration the salaries’ growth rates budgeted by 
the Group. Starting with the year 2023, salaries’ growth is forecasted at the inflation rate;

 y Employees’ turnover: based on historical data;
 y Jubilee  and  retirement  bonuses  granted  based  on  seniority  as  per  the  collective  labour 

contracts, as follows:

Seniority

20 years
30 years
35 years
40 years
45 years

Seniority

Between 8 and 10 years
Between 10 and 25 years
More than 25 years

Jubilee bonus based on years of service in the Group

No of gross monthly base salaries

31 December 2022
1
2
3
4
5

31 December 2021
1
2
3
4
5

Retirement bonus based on years of service in the Group

No of gross monthly base salaries

31 December 2022
2
3
4

31 December 2021
2
3
4

Termination benefits

(a) Termination benefits for individual lay-offs at the Group’s initiative

In accordance with the Collective Labour Contracts concluded between the Group and the 
Unions, when individual labour contract are terminated at the Group’s initiative, the Group pays ter-
mination benefits to the employees depending on their period of service, as follows:

Period of service

No of gross monthly base salaries

1 – 2 years
2 – 5 years
5 – 10 years
10 – 20 years
More than 20 years

31 December 2022
2
3
4
5
8

31 December 2021
2
3
4
5
8

(b) Termination benefits for collective lay-offs at the Group’s initiative

For collective lay-offs, according to the Collective Labour Contracts, the Group pays termi-

nation benefits to the employees depending on their period of service, as follows:

Period of service

No of gross monthly base salaries No of gross monthly base salaries

1 – 3 years
3 – 5 years
5 – 10 years
10 – 20 years
More than 20 years

31 December 2022
3
6
7
11
16

31 December 2021
3
6
7
11
16

The above-mentioned stipulations do not apply to employees with individual labour contract 
concluded for a determined period. The above stipulations do not apply to employees that obtained 
other  higher  cumulative  salary  compensation  rights,  provided  by  legal  regulations  regarding  the 
Group’s reorganization and restructuring. Employees who are re-employed within the Group after 
lay-off are not entitled to the above-mentioned benefits.

(ii) Sensitivity analysis

Significant actuarial assumptions for the determination of the benefit obligation are the dis-
count  rate,  expected  salary  increase  and  retirement  age.  The  sensitivity  analysis  below  has  been 
determined based on reasonably possible changes of the respective assumptions occurring at the 
end of the reporting period, while holding all other assumptions constant.

Discount rate
Salary growth

Retirement age

Increase by 1%

Decrease by 1%

2022
(9,237)
9,415

2021
(12,489)
12,957

2022
8,611
(10,049)

2021
12,489
(12,957)

Increase by 1 year
2021
3,677

2022
812

Decrease by 1 year
2021
(3,677)

2022
(812)

The sensitivity analysis presented above may not be representative of the actual change in 
the benefit obligation as it is unlikely that the changes in assumptions would occur in isolation of one 
another as some of the assumptions may be correlated. In presenting the above sensitivity analysis, 
the present value of the benefit obligation has been calculated using the projected unit credit me-
thod at the end of the reporting period, which is the same as that applied in calculating the benefit 
obligation liability recognized in the statement of financial position.

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

449

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

448

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16 Employee benefit expenses 

Average number of employees
Number of employees at 31 
December

2022

2022

7,760

7,874

2021

2021

7,919

8,020

Wages and salaries*
Social security contributions
Meal tickets
Termination benefits
Total employees benefits for the 
year
Capitalised employee benefit 
expenses
Total employees benefits in the 
statement of profit or loss
*Wages and salaries include also current service cost, defined benefits and other long-term em-
ployee benefits.

790,425
20,694
33,187
267

844,573

823,422

(21,151)

855,343

(52,667)

802,676

796,137
19,486
33,585
6,135

Management remuneration is disclosed in Note 33 b) Related parties.

Income taxes

17 Income taxes

In  determining  the  amount  of  current  and  deferred  tax,  the  Group  takes  into  account  the 
impact of uncertain tax positions and whether additional taxes and interest may be due. This assess-
ment relies on estimates and assumptions and may involve a series of judgments about future events. 
The Group considers that the accounting records for taxes due are adequate for all open tax years, 
based on assessment made by management taking into account various factors, including the inter-
pretation  of  tax  legislation  and  previous  experience.  New  information  may  become  available  that 
causes  the  Group  to  change  its  judgment  regarding  the  adequacy  of  existing  tax  liabilities;  such 
changes to tax liabilities will impact tax expense in the period when such a determination is made.

(i) Amounts recognised in profit or loss

Current tax expense
Deferred tax expense/(benefit)
Total expense/(benefit) related to 
income tax 

2022

2021

2,576
102,502

105,078

242
(79,771)

(79,529)

(ii) Amounts recognised in other comprehensive income

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2022

Before tax

Tax expense

Net of tax

Before tax

2021
Tax 
expense

Net of 
Tax

Remeasurement 
of defined 
benefit liability 
Total

9,503

(1,479)

8,024

 (5,891)

(45) 

 (5,936)

9,503

(1,479)

8,024

 (5,891)

(45) 

 (5,936)

Tax/(Benefit) 
using 
Company’s 
domestic tax 
rate
Non-deductible 
expenses
Non-taxable 
income
Deduction of 
legal reserves

Other tax effects

Recognition 
of tax effect 
of previously 
unrecognised 
tax losses
Income tax 
expense/
(benefit)

16%

4%

-3%

-1%

0%

-1%

16%

2022

2021

106,230 

16%

(101,186)

28,843 

-7%

(22,083)

(3,388)

(137) 

3%

0%

0%

(4,387)

1%

45,558

(15,878)

(2,574)

(1,607)

(3,842)

105,078 

13%

(79,529)

(iv) Movement in deferred tax balances

Net balance 
at 1 January 
2022

Recognised in 
profit or loss 

Recognised 
in other com-
prehensive 
income

Balance at 31 December 2022

Net

Deferred tax 
assets

Deferred tax 
liabilities

39,838

(2,858)

187,500

20,515 

-

-

36,980

208,015 

-

-

36,980

208,015

(23,940)

1,360

1,479

(21,101)

(21,101)

(24,732)

(6,198)

(95,972)

89,904

(4,299)

(222)

-

-

-

(30,930)

(30,930)

(6,068)

(6,068)

(4,521)

(4,521)

-

-

-

-

78,395

102,501 

1,479

182,375 

(62,620)

244,995 

32,440

(32,440)

(30,180)

212,555 

2022

Property, 
plant and 
equipment
Intangible 
assets related 
to concession 
agreements
Employee 
benefits
Impairment 
of trade 
receivables
Tax loss 
carried 
forward
Other items
Tax liabilities/
(assets) 
before set-off
Set off of tax
Net tax 
liabilities/
(assets) 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

450

(iii) Reconciliation of effective tax rate

2022

2021

As of 31 December 2021, the Group recorded a deferred tax asset in amount of RON 95,972 
thousand  in  relation  to  the  fiscal  losses  incurred.  The  Group  used  RON  89,904  thousand  as  of  31 
December 2022 to partially compensate the 2022 current tax liability.

Profit/(Loss) 
before tax 

663,923

(632,411)

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

451

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net balance 
at 1 January 
2021

Recognised in 
profit or loss 

Recognised 
in other com-
prehensive 
income

Balance at 31 December 2021

Net

Deferred tax 
assets

Deferred tax 
liabilities

41,757

(1,919)

171,712

15,788

-

-

39,838

187,500

-

-

39,838

187,500

(22,603)

(1,382)

45

(23,940)

(23,940)

(20,859)

(3,873)

(7,765)

(88,207)

(4,121)

(178)

-

-

-

(24,732)

(24,732)

(95,972)

(95,972)

(4,299)

(4,299)

-

-

-

-

158,121

(79,771)

45

78,395

(148,943)

227,338

65,412

(65,412)

(83,531)

161,926

2021

Property, 
plant and 
equipment
Intangible 
assets related 
to concession 
agreements
Employee 
benefits
Impairment 
of trade 
receivables
Tax loss 
carried 
forward
Other items
Tax liabilities/
(assets) 
before set-off
Set off of tax
Net tax 
liabilities/
(assets) 
*see Note 32

(v) Unrecognised deferred tax assets

Deferred tax assets have not been recognised in respect of the certain tax losses generated 
by the Company, because it is not probable that future taxable profit will be available against which 
the entity generating it can use the benefits therefrom.

2022

2021

compensation mechanism, part of the receivables due to the subsidiary Electrica Furnizare S.A. for 
the sale of electricity and gas are against the Romanian State through National Agency for Payments 
and Social Inspection and Ministry of Energy. On 31 December 2022, the amounts estimated to be 
received from the Ministry of Energy for non-household consumers are 20,480 thousand RON (31 
December 2021: 11,420 thousand RON) and 21,043 thousand RON (31 December 2021: 59,271 thou-
sand  RON)  from  the  National  Agency  for  Payments  and  Social  Inspection  for  household 
consumers.

The amounts will be recovered in approx. 40 days after submitting the required documenta-
tion to the National Agency for Payments and Social Inspection or Ministry of Energy, depending on 
the case. The receivables are booked under the caption “Electricity distribution and supply”.

Oltchim

Oltchim  (a  state-controlled  company)  was  an  important  customer  of  Electrica  S.A.  until 
January  2012,  when  the  Company  transferred  the  contract  to  Electrica  Furnizare  S.A.  In  January 
2013,  Oltchim  entered  into  insolvency  procedures  and  subsequently  in  May  2019  started  the  ban-
kruptcy procedures.

By decision of the European Court in Luxembourg pronounced on 15 December 2021 (final 
decision  being  applicable  as  of  21  March  2022),  in  case  T565/19,  it  was  partially  cancelled  the 
European Commission Decision no. C (2018) 8592 from 2018, which established a series of measures 
regarding  the  recovery  by  Romania  of  the  State  aid  granted  to  Oltchim  S.A.  By  its  decision,  the 
European court cancelled a series of the measures, including the amounts considered state aid with 
which Electrica was registered in the table of receivables. 

Following the evolution of the bankruptcy process, on 06 April 2022, the updated table of 
receivables was published in BPI Tabel Oltchim, which still recognizes only the guaranteed receiva-
bles, which in the case of Electrica S.A. the estimated amount that remains to be recovered from the 
sales of assets of Oltchim SA in the completion of the bankruptcy process is RON 116,058 thousand 
(including VAT), comprised of the base in the amount of RON 98,725 thousand and respectively the 
VAT in the amount of RON 17,333 thousand. Considering the events above, as of 31 December 2022 
a part of the receivable for Oltchim in amount of RON 420,213 thousand was written off as it was not 
recognised in the final bankruptcy table. The bad debt allowance was also adjusted with the same 
amount. As of 31 December 2022, the balance of receivables with Oltchim is RON 115,943 thousand 
(Electrica S.A. RON 98,725 thousand and Electrica Furnizare S.A. RON 17,218 thousand), bad debt 
allowance being at the same amount.

337,136

356,623

The reconciliation between the opening balances and the closing balances of the impairment 

Tax losses

Assets

18 Trade receivables 

Trade receivables, gross
Bad debt allowance 
Total trade receivables, net

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

3,118,691
(652,689)
2,466,002

2,325,477
(980,858)
1,344,619

Trade receivables from related parties are presented in Note 33.

Trade receivables, gross, comprise:

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

Electricity distribution and supply 
Late payment penalties receivable
Customers with judicial execution 
titles 
Repairs, maintenance and other 
services 
Other
Total trade receivables, gross

Electricity distribution and supply

2,482,266
80,658

347,667

11,850
196,250
3,118,691

1,323,732
81,311

766,109

17,700
136,625
2,325,477

Following the adoption of the Order no. 118/2021 with subsequent amendments and GEO no. 
27/2022,  the  latter  one  being  amended  by  GEO  no.  119/2022,  concerning  the  capping  and 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

452

for trade receivables in the form of lifetime expected credit losses is as follows: 

Lifetime expected credit losses

2022

2021

Balance as at 1 January
Loss allowance recognized 
Decrease in loss allowance
Amounts written off
Balance as at 31 December

980,858
146,203
(34,248)
(440,124)
652,689

949,573
94,400
(22,944)
(40,171)
980,858

The aging of trade receivables is presented in Note 31.

Loss allowances are determined according to IFRS 9 “Financial instruments” based on “ex-
pected credit loss” model. In applying IFRS 9, the Group has identified 5 clusters of customers based 
on  shared  risk  characteristics:  3  separate  clusters  for  the  distribution  subsidiaries  and  2  clusters 
(households and non-households) for the supply subsidiary.

A significant part of the bad debt allowances refers to clients in litigation, insolvency or ban-
kruptcy  procedures,  many  of  them  being  older  than  five  years.  The  Group  will  derecognize  these 
receivables  together  with  the  related  allowances  after  the  finalization  of  the  bankruptcy  process. 
These  receivables  were  treated  separately  in  computing  the  allowance  according  to  IFRS  9.  The 
amounts written-off relates to Oltchim (described above).

In  applying  IFRS  9  as  of  31  December  2021,  the  Group  has  considered  all  the  information 
available without undue costs (including forward looking information) that may affect the credit risk 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

453

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
of its receivables since original recognition, thus recording a bad debt allowance in amount of RON 
146,203 thousand. 

19 Other receivables 

VAT receivable
Receivables from EU funds
Other receivables
Lifetime expected credit losses
Total other receivables, net

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

13,024
13,932
120,777
(20,480)
127,253

12,566
-
56,158
(20,124)
48,600

Other  receivables  include  mainly  guarantees  from  energy  suppliers  and  receivables  to  be 

recovered from state authorities in respect to medical leave indemnities. 

The reconciliation between the opening balances and the closing balances of the impairment 

for other receivables is as follows: 

Loss allowance

2022

2021

Balance as at 1 January
Increase/Decrease in loss 
allowance
Balance as at 31 December

20 Cash and cash equivalents  

20,124  

356
20,480

31 December 
2022

31 December
 2021

Bank current accounts
Call deposits
Cash in hand
Total cash and cash equivalents 
in the consolidated statement of 
financial position
Overdrafts used for cash 
management purposes
Total cash and cash equivalents 
in the consolidated statement of 
cash flows

141,656
193,219
12

334,887

-

334,887

20,964  

(840)
20,124

167,859
53,897
74

221,830

(627,402)

(405,572)

In the normal course of business, the Group enters into short-term credit facility with the aim 
of financing operational needs. Until 31 December 2021, overdrafts amounting to RON 627,402 thou-
sand were presented as part of cash and cash equivalents. Following the volatility in electricity prices 
started in 2021 and continued in 2022, these overdrafts have no longer fluctuated from negative to 
0 balances, remained negative for the entire year 2022, thus the management of the Group presen-
ted these overdrafts for the year ended 31 December 2022 in financing activity, and reclassified the 
opening balance previously presented as cash and cash equivalents. (for further details please see 
the transfer presented in Cash Flow statement).

The following information is relevant in the context of the consolidated statement of cash 
flows: non-cash activity includes set-off between trade receivables and trade payables of RON 53,106 
thousand in 2022 (2021: RON 5,941 thousand).

21 Inventories

As at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, inventories are as follows:

Spare parts
Consumables and other materials
Natural gas
Other inventories

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

29,589
53,527
23,319
17,004

28,569
33,399
5,367
13,938

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

454

Allowance for impairment of 
inventories
Total inventories

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

(9,467)

113,972

(8,315)

72,958

Inventories include mainly spare parts, consumables and the natural gas storage (applicable 
only for the supply subsidiary) that was set up according to ANRE’s regulations. Spare parts refer 
mainly  to  items  such  as  cables,  conductors,  sockets,  switches  which  are  used  for  the  distribution 
network. As at 31 December 2022, the remaining quantity of natural gas stored is of MWh 107,472 (31 
December 2021: MWh 12,186), amounting to RON 23,280 thousand (31 December 2021: RON 5,367 
thousand). 

22 Property, plant and equipment 

The movements in property, plant and equipment in 2022 and 2021 are as follows:

Land and 
land improve-
ments

Buildings 

Equipment

Vehicles, 
furniture and 
office equip-
ment

Construction 
in progress

 Total 

Gross carrying 
amount
Balance at 1 
January 2021
Additions
Transfer from 
construction in 
progress
Disposals
Reclassification 
from/(to) 
assets held for 
sale 
Balance at 
31 December 
2021
Reclassification 
of opening 
assets held for 
sale
Balance at 
31 December 
2021
Additions
Transfer from 
construction in 
progress
Disposals
Acquisition 
of subsidiary 
(Note 32)
Balance at 
31 December 
2022

246,075

197,148

98,896

95,336

26,225

663,680

-

-

167

1,257

482

2,001

150

8,368

9,167

1,967

(5,225)

-

(46)

(383)

(7,664)

(503)

(180)

(8,776)

6,769

4,368

(1,914)

-

-

9,223

252,798

202,557

91,801

96,950

29,188

673,294

1,024

4,115

-

-

-

5,139

253,822

206,672

91,801

96,950

29,188

678,433

1,179

85

-

1,133

1,977

2,386

804

269

5,475

9,435

.

(3,778)

95

(3,276)

(1,093)

(1,844)

(838)

(9)

(7,060)

     25

-

-

-

3,875

3,900

251,835

206,712

94,320

97,185

34,751

684,803

Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses

Balance at 1 
January 2021
Depreciation
Accumulated 
depreciation of 
disposals

-

-

-

5,013

7,532

45,216

8,865

(14)

(4,546)

86,550

18,771

155,550

4,721

(96)

-

-

21,118

(4,656)

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

455

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Land and 
land improve-
ments

Buildings 

Equipment

Vehicles, 
furniture and 
office equip-
ment

Construction 
in progress

 Total 

Category

Valuation technique

Reversal of 
impairment 
loss
Reclassification 
from assets 
held to sale
Balance at 
31 December 
2021
Depreciation
Accumulated 
depreciation of 
disposals
Impairment 
loss
Balance at 
31 December 
2022

Net carrying 
amounts
At 1 January 
2021
At 31 
December 
2021
At 31 
December 
2022

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(3,805)

947

(1,142)

-

-

(137)

(3,942)

-

(195) 

13,478

44,588

91,175

18,634

167,875

8,022

7,378

(1,778)

4,515

(594)

(5)

-

-

-

-

-

19,915

(2,372)

(5)

21,495

50,188

95,096

18,634

185,413

Land and land 
improvements

Buildings

246,075

192,135

53,680

8,786

7,454

508,130

252,798

189,079

47,213

5,775

10,554

505,419

251,835

185,217

44,132

2,089

16,117

499,390

Significant unobservable 
inputs

• Adjustment for liquidity, 

location, size.

Inter-relationship 
between key 
unobservable inputs and 
fair value measurement

The estimated fair 
value would increase/
(decrease) if:
• Adjustment for liquidity, 
location or size would be 
lower/(higher)

• Adjustment for liquidity, 

location, size.
Office space rent
• Occupancy rates 

• Adjustment for liquidity, 
location or size would be 
lower/(higher)

• Occupancy rates were 

(between 80% and 90%)
• Yield rates (between 7% 

higher/(lower) 

• Yield rates were lower/

and 10%)

(higher)

• Annual rent per sqm 

• Annual rent per sqm was 

higher/(lower)

(between 9 and 19 EUR/
sqm), depending on 
location;

Commercial space rent
• Occupancy rates 

(between 85% and 90%)

• Yield rates (between 

7.25% and 11.5%)

• Annual rent per sqm 
(between 10 and 60 
EUR/sqm), depending 
on location;

Market approach
The  fair  value  is  estimated  based 
on  selling  price  per  square  meter 
of  land  of  similar  characteristics 
(i.e.  ownership,  legal  limitations, 
financing  and  selling  conditions, 
location,  physical  and  economical 
properties  and  best  use).  The 
market  price  is  mainly  based  on 
recent transactions.
Market approach and discounted 
cash-flows (DCF) method
Buildings were evaluated using the 
following  methods,  depending  on 
the  best  use  and  the  availability 
and credibility of available market 
information:
Market approach
The  market  approach  is  based 
on  the  selling  price  per  square 
meter  for  buildings  with  similar 
characteristics (i.e. ownership, legal 
limitations,  financing  and  selling 
conditions, 
physical 
and  economical  properties,  and 
best  use),  adjusted  for  liquidity, 
location, size etc.
The DCF method
The  valuation  model  based  on 
the  DCF  method  estimates  the 
present value of net cash flows to 
be generated by a building taking 
into  account  occupancy  rate  and 
annual  rent.  The  discount  rate 
inter  alia, 
estimation  considers, 
the  quality  of  a  building  and  its 
location.

location, 

Tangible assets include mainly land, buildings and equipment.

In 2021, Electrica Serv S.A.’s Board of Directors approved the selling plan of part of the assets 
and accordingly, those assets were presented as Assets held for sale, being expected to be sold in 
the following period. During 2022, only 2 assets (4 in 2021) were sold in amount RON 1,940 thousand 
(RON 478 thousand in 2021). In October 2022, Electrica Serv S.A.’s Board of Directors postponed the 
sale approval of the remaining assets included in the selling plan, mentioning that it is unlikely that 
the selling intention will materialize. Consequently, the Company reclassified the items from assets 
held for sale to property plan and equipment. 

Measurement of fair value

The  Group’s  land,  land  improvements  and  buildings  are  stated  at  their  revalued  amounts, 
being the fair value at the date of revaluation, less any subsequent accumulated depreciation and 
subsequent accumulated impairment losses. The fair value measurements of the Group’s land, land 
improvements and buildings as at 31 December 2020 were performed by Darian DRS S.A., an inde-
pendent valuer not related to the Group. Darian DRS S.A. is member of the National Association of 
Authorised Romanian Valuers and has appropriate qualifications and recent experience in the fair 
value measurement of properties in the relevant locations. The valuation conforms to International 
Valuation Standards and was based on recent market transactions on arm’s length terms for similar 
properties, whenever possible and discounted cash-flows method.

The following table shows the valuation techniques used in measuring fair values (Level 3), 

as well as the significant unobservable inputs used. 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

456

23 Intangible assets 

Intangible assets include mainly intangible assets related to distribution service concession 
agreements recorded in accordance with IFRIC 12 “Service Concession Arrangements”, as well as li-
censes and costs of SAP ERP implementation, customer management and billing system and other 
software, as follows:

Intangible 
assets related 
to concession 
agreements

9,631,960

500,387

-

-

10,132,347

Gross book value
Balance at 1 January 
2021
Additions
Transfers from 
intangible assets in 
progress
Disposals

Balance at 31 
December 2021

Software and 
licenses

Intangible assets in 
progress

 Total 

188,679

5,730

34

(1,042)

193,401

1,367

576

(34)

-

1,909

9,822,006

506,693

-

(1,042)

10,327,657

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

457

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2,047

10,945,779

RON 58,256 thousand; (2021: RON 63,009 thousand);

Software and 
licenses

Intangible assets in 
progress

 Total 

Intangible 
assets related 
to concession 
agreements

611,294

-

-

10,743,641

4,176,775

441,015

-

4,617,790

449,987

-

7,694

2

(1,006)

200,091

182,833

4,536

(1,042)

186,327

3,960

(1,005)

Additions
Transfers from 
tangible assets in 
progress
Disposals
Balance at 31 
December 2022

Accumulated 
amortization and 
impairment losses 
Balance at 1 January 
2021
Amortization
Accumulated 
amortization of 
disposals
Balance at 31 
December 2021
Amortization
Accumulated 
amortization of 
disposals
Balance at 31 
December 2022

Net carrying 
amounts
At 1 January 2021
At 31 December 
2021
At 31 December 
2022

5,067,777

189,282

5,455,185

5,514,557

5,846

7,074

5,675,864

10,809

1,367

1,909

2,047

140

(2)

-

619,128

-

(1,006)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4,359,608

445,551

(1,042)

4,804,117

453,947

(1,005)

5,257,059

5,462,398

5,523,540

5,688,720

The Group applies IFRIC 12 for the accounting of the transactions under these concession con-

tracts. (See further details in Notes 4, 6(c) and 6(l)).

For the year ended 31 December 2022, the Group has recognized construction revenue related 
to the concession agreements of RON 611,294 thousand (2021: RON 500,387 thousand) and constructi-
on costs of RON 593,490 thousand (2021: RON 485,813 thousand).

The main information related to the current concession contracts agreements and the intangi-

ble assets amounts recognized for each network distribution area is summarized below:

Network 
distribution 
areas

Contract
Date

Concession 
period 
(years)

Contract 
expiry date

 Concession 
period 
remaining 
(years)

Renewal 
option

Muntenia 
Nord area
Transilvania 
Nord area
Transilvania 
Sud area
Total

2005

2005

2005

49

49

49

2054

2054

2054

33

33

33

Yes

Yes

Yes

Net 
carrying 
amount 
at 31 
December 
2022

Net 
carrying 
amount 
at 31 
December 
2021

1,968,811

1,915,567 

1,890,409

1,836,161 

1,816,646

1,762,829 

5,675,866

5,514,557

The concession contracts can be prolonged for a period up to half of the initial established pe-

riod of 49 years. 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

458

The  investments  in  relation  to  the  development  and  modernization  of  the  infrastructure  in-

curred in 2022 refers mainly to:

 – Modernization  of  the  current  transformer  points  and  stations,  current  underground  and 
overhead power lines in amount of RON 139,487 thousand (2021: RON 164,465 thousand);
 – Investments related to improvements for electricity distribution network in amount of RON 

79,132 thousand (2021: RON 143,965 thousand).

 – Significant construction works of new transformer stations, new underground and overhead 

power lines in amount of 2022: RON 148,404 thousand (2021: RON 97,449 thousand);

 – Acquisition of own car fleet, including utilities vehicles and specialized vehicles in amount of 

 – Modernization and inclusion in SCADA (which is an automatic control system which moni-
tors the equipment) of transformers points and stations, in amount of RON 164 thousand 
(2021: RON 2,430 thousand);

24 Investments in associates

On  28  July  2021  and  on  7  December  2021,  Electrica  SA  concluded  four  agreements  for  the 
sale-purchase of shares in four project companies having as main activity the production of electricity 
from renewable sources. The sale-purchase agreements concluded, mention the fact that in the first 
stage the Group acquires 30% of the share capital of the four companies, remaining that in the following 
stages, to acquire the remaining 70% of the share capital after the conditions provided in the sale-pur-
chase agreements will be fulfilled. By the end of 31 December 2022, two of the project companies were 
acquired by 60% (please see note 32), therefore they are accounted as subsidiaries, the other ones are 
as follows: 

 – Crucea Power Park SRL, develops the wind project “Crucea Est”, with a projected installed 
capacity of 121 MW and a projected electricity storage capacity of 60 MWh (15 MW x 4h), 
located outside the Crucea area, Constanta County. The estimated purchase price for the 
“Crucea  Est”  wind  project  is  70  thousand  EUR/MW  for  the  aforementioned  capacity,  to-
talling the amount of 8,470 thousand EUR. On 28 July 2021, Electrica SA paid the amount of 
EUR 2,541 thousand representing 30% of the project value, respectively 30% of the shares 
of Crucea Power Park SRL. 

 – Foton Power Energy SRL, develops the photovoltaic project “Bihor 1”, with a projected ca-
pacity of 77.5 MW, located near Inand city, Bihor County. The estimated purchase price for 
the photovoltaic project “Bihor 1” is 55 thousand EUR/MW for the aforementioned capacity, 
totalling the amount of 4,262.5 thousand EUR. On 7 December 2021, Electrica SA paid the 
amount of EUR 1,279 thousand representing 30% of the project value, respectively 30% of 
the shares of Foton Power Energy SRL.

Considering the holding percentage of 30%, as at 31 December 2022, the 2 entities are accoun-
ted for using the equity method in these consolidated financial statements as provided in the Group’s 
accounting policies in note 6. 

The cost of the investments at acquisition date, totalling the amount of RON 18,832 thousand, 

is detailed as follows:

Acquisition date
Percentage 
ownership and 
voting rights at 
acquisition date
Net assets at acquisition date
Group’s share of net assets 
Goodwill

Cost of investment at acquisition 
date

 Crucea Power 
Park S.R.L.

31.07.2021

30%

(242)
(73)
12,573

12,500

Foton Power 
Energy
S.R.L.

31.12.2021

30%

(7)
(2)
6,334

             6,332 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

459

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summarised financial information in respect of each of the Group’s associates is set out below:

 Crucea Power Park S.R.L. 

31.12.2022

Foton Power Energy
S.R.L.
31.12.2022

Non-current assets
Current assets
Non-current liabilities
Current liabilities
Net assets

Reconciliation to carrying amounts:
Opening net assets at acquisition 
date
Loss for the period
Closing net assets 31.12.2022

Closing net assets of associates 
31.12.2022
Group’s share in associates %
Group’s share of net assets as at 
31.12.2022
Goodwill
Carrying amount of interest in 
associate 31.12.2022

8,520
1,142
(9,886)
(44)
(268)

(246)
(22)
(268)

Crucea Power Park S.R.L.

Foton Power Energy
S.R.L.

(268)

30%

(80)

12,573

12,492

244
35
(296)
(1)
(18)

(7)
(11)
(18)

(18)

30%

(5)

6,334

6,329

The share loss in amount of RON 13 thousand for the period was recognized in the consolidated 

statement of profit and loss for the year ended as at 31 December 2022. 

25 Financial assets related to concession arrangements

Based on the concession contracts (mentioned above) amendments, the additional cost of pur-
chasing electricity for covering the own technological consumption of the distribution operators (actual 
costs with the purchase of electricity for own technological consumption (“CPT”) coverage compared to 
the  costs  included  in  the  regulated  tariffs)  are  recognised  as  financial  asset  as  part  of  the  concession 
agreement. Such amounts are guaranteed by the concession agreement which is enforceable by law.The 
resulting financial assets is presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements at fair value 
determined as the net present value of the additional costs with the acquisition of electricity incurred.

On 31 December 2022 the total amount of the additional costs with the acquisition of electricity 
incurred between 1 January 2022 and 31 December 2022 amounting to RON 951,557 thousand were re-
cognized as a financial asset as stated in the addendum to the concession agreement concluded with the 
Ministry of Energy on 20 January 2023.

Equity and liabilities

26 Capital and reserves

(a) Share capital and share premium

The  issued  share  capital  in  nominal  terms  consists  of  346,443,597  ordinary  shares  as  at  31 
December 2022 (31 December 2021: 346,443,597) with a nominal value of RON 10 per share. As of 4 July 
2014,  after  the  Initial  Public  Offering  (“IPO”),  the  Company’s  shares  are  listed  on  the  Bucharest  Stock 
Exchange and the Global Depositary Receipts are listed on the London Stock Exchange. 

The shares owned by the Company’s shareholders that are traded on the London Stock Exchange 
are the global depositary receipts (GDRs). A global depositary receipt represents four shares. The Bank 
of New York Mellon is the depositary bank for these securities. The GDRs’ weight in Electrica’s total share 
capital diminished following the Initial Public Offering, reaching a level of 0.62% at the end of 2022 as 
compared to 10.17% at 4 July 2014.

The holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive dividends as declared and are entitled to 
one  vote  per  share  in  the  shareholders’  meetings  of  the  Company,  except  for  the  6,890,593  treasury 

shares purchased by the Company in July 2014 in order to stabilize the price. All shares rank equally 
and confer equal rights to the net assets of the Company’s, except for treasury shares.

The  Company  recognizes  changes  in  share  capital  only  after  their  approval  in  the  General 
Shareholders Meeting and their registration by the Trade Register. The contributions made by the sha-
reholders which are not yet registered with the Trade Register at year end are recognized as pre-paid 
capital contributions from shareholders.

The share premium resulted at IPO was RON 171,128 thousand. The transaction costs of RON 

68,079 thousand were deducted from the share premium.

Following the SPO that took place in November 2019, the share capital of Electrica SA was 
increased  by  in  kind  and  in  cash  contribution,  with  the  amount  of  RON  5,037  thousand,  from  the 
amount of RON 3,459,399 thousand to the amount of RON 3,464,436 nuthousand, by issuing a num-
ber of 503,668 new nominative and dematerialized shares with a nominal value of 10 RON/share.

The costs generated by the secondary public offering were in amount of RON 964 thousand. 
Also, the Company recorded gains referring to share issue of RON 2,186 thousand, resulting from the 
difference between the contribution value of the plots of land and their value recorded as pre-paid 
capital contributions in kind from shareholders.

(b) Treasury shares reserve

In July 2014, the Company purchased 5,206,593 ordinary shares and 421,000 Global Depositary 
Receipts, equivalent to 1,684,000 shares (totalling 6,890,593 shares). The total amount paid for acqu-
iring the shares and Global Depositary Receipts was RON 75,372 thousand.

(c) Revaluation reserve

The reconciliation between opening and closing balance of revaluation reserve is as follows:

Balance at 1 January
Release of revaluation 
reserve to retained 
earnings corresponding 
to depreciation and 
disposals of property, 
plant and equipment

Balance as at 31 
December

(d) Legal reserves

2022

2021

102,829

116,372

(10,712)

(13,543)

92,117

102,829

Legal reserves are set up as 5% of the gross profit for the year in the statutory individual finan-
cial statements of the companies within the Group, until the total legal reserves reach 20% of the paid-
up nominal share capital of each company, according to the legislation. These reserves are deductible 
for income tax purposes and are not distributable.

Balance at 1 January 2021
Set-up of legal reserves
Balance at 31 December 2021
Set-up of legal reserves
Balance at 31 December 2022

(e) Dividends 

Legal reserves

392,276
16,129
408,405
21,178
429,583

Romanian companies may distribute dividends from statutory profits, according to the sepa-

rate financial statements prepared in accordance with Romanian accounting regulations.

The dividends declared by the Company in 2022 and 2021 (from the statutory profits of previ-

ous years) are as follows:

Distribution of dividends

2022

2021

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

To the owners of the Company
Total

152,798
152,798

247,874
247,874

461

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

460

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On 20 April 2022 the General Shareholders Meeting of the Company approved dividend dis-
tribution of RON 152,798 thousand (2021: RON 247,874 thousand). The dividend per share distribu-
ted is RON 0.45 per share (2021: RON 0.73 per share). When calculating the dividend per share, the 
Company’s repurchased own shares (6,890,593 shares) were not considered as outstanding shares 
and are deducted from the total number of issued ordinary shares.

Out of the dividends declared by the Company of RON 152,798 thousand (2021: RON 247,874 
thousand),  the  dividends  paid  were  of  RON  152,447  thousand  (2021:  RON  247,258  thousand)  the 
remaining difference represents dividends uncollected by the shareholders.

1177/13.11.2020 was issued by ANCOM as a result of Telekom Romania’s appeal, dissatisfied with the tariffs char-
ged by former SDEE MN, SDEE TN and SDEE TS (actual DEER), based on the study approved at the Group level. 
In  2022,  The  Court  of  Appeal  of  Bucharest  rejected  the  appeal  filed  by  DEER  through  sentence  2509/2022, 
therefore, the Group recorded a provision in this regard, calculated as the difference between the rates in the 
contract and those in the ANCOM decision.

30 Bank borrowings and overdrafts

Drawings and repayments of borrowings during the year ended 31 December 2022 were as 

27 Trade payables 

Electricity suppliers
Capital expenditure suppliers
Other suppliers
Total 

 31 December 
2022

 31 December 
2021

970,815
243,715
192,567
1,407,097

619,653
156,546
115,136
891,335

Electricity suppliers are mainly state-owned electricity producers, as detailed in Note 33, but 

also other participants to the electricity market. 

Other suppliers include suppliers of services, materials, consumables, etc.

28 Other payables 

VAT payable
Liabilities towards 
the State
Other liabilities
Total 

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

 Current

Non-current

Current

Non-current

565,075

11,733

290,728
867,536

-

-

72,432
72,432

133,833

7,148

130,282
271,263

-

-

32,732
32,732

Other liabilities include mainly guarantees, sundry creditors, connection fees, habitat tax and 
cogeneration contribution. Other non-current liabilities refer to guarantees from customers related 
to electricity supply.

29 Provisions 

Balance at 1 January 
2022
Provisions recognized
Provisions utilised
Provisions reversed 
Balance at 31 December 
2022

Tax related

Other

Total

1,084

-
-
-

1,084

33,838

40,800
(3,021)
(19,000)

52,617

34,922

40,800
(3,021)
(19,000)

53,701

As at 31 December 2022, provisions refer mainly to benefits upon the termination of execu-
tive  directors’  mandate  contracts  in  the  form  of  a  non-compete  clause  amounting  to  RON  1,839 
thousand (31 December 2021: RON 3,971 thousand) and for various claims and litigations involving 
the  Group  companies  in  amount  of  RON  51,862  thousand  (31  December  2021:  RON  30,951 
thousand).

For the supply segment, during 2022 the Group set up a provision on the supply segment in 
amount of RON 3,880 thousand in relation to a claim with EDPR Romania SRL. Also, starting with 
July 2022, from the amendment of the Performance Standard 82/2021, the compensations are cal-
culated daily or weekly and paid to the customers. Thus, for the provision recognized until 30 June 
2022, was recorded a reversal in amount of RON 7,947 thousand and an additional provision of RON 
6,900 thousand was set up for the period July-December 2022.

For the distribution segment, during 2022 was recorded a provision in amount of RON 24,345 thou-
sand with ANCOM. Through the action formulated in file 7407/2/2020, ANCOM Decision 1177/13.11.2020 which 
established the pole rent rates for former SDEE MN, SDEE TN, SDEE TS (actual DEER) was challenged. Decision 

follows:

Balance at 1 January 
2022
Drawings of 
borrowings during 
the period, out of 
which:

EBRD

Eximbank Romania
Vista Bank
Total drawings
Accumulated 
interest
Payment of interest
out of which paid in 
2021
Reimbursements, 
out of which:
BRD
BRD
BRD
Banca Transilvania
Unicredit Bank
BCR
Balance at 31 
December 2022

Currency

Interest rate

Maturity year

Amount (RON 
thousand)

628,489

RON

RON
RON

RON
RON
RON
RON
RON
RON

Floating rate (1.15% 
+ interbank rate + 
ROBOR spread)
ROBOR 3M+1.65%
ROBOR 3M+2.95%

2031

2024
2024

3,99%
3.85%
3,85%
4.59%
3.85%
ROBOR 3M+1%

2026
2028
2028
2027
2026            
2028

113,451

4,110
100,000
217,561

9,124

28,957

(1,536)

92,925

20,800
11,432
14,286
17,857
9,600
18,950

760,713

As at 31 December 2022, respectively 31 December 2021, the bank borrowings is as follows:

Lender

Borrower

Balance at 31 December 
2022

Balance at 31 December 
2021

Banca Transilvania

UniCredit Bank

BRD

BRD

Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania (fosta 
SDEE Transilvania Sud 
S.A.)
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania (fosta 
SDEE Transilvania Nord 
S.A.)
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania (fosta 
SDEE Muntenia Nord S.A.)
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania (fosta 
SDEE Transilvania Nord 
S.A.)

80,367

98,227

38,793

48,498

83,200

104,000

78,571

92,857

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

463

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

462

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lender

Borrower

Balance at 31 December 
2022

Balance at 31 December 
2021

Reimbursements: quarterly instalments until 2028; Grace period: 12 months. As at 31 December 2022, 
the outstanding balance is of RON 78,571 thousand. (Outstanding balance as at 31 December 2021: 
RON 92,857 thousand)

62,904

74,342

e) Investment loan granted by BRD – Groupe Societe Generale

BRD

BCR

EBRD

Eximbank Romania

Vista Bank

Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania (fosta 
SDEE Transilvania Sud 
S.A.)
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania (fosta 
SDEE Muntenia Nord S.A.)
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania
Societatea Energetica 
Electrica S.A.

Total
Less: current portion of the long-term bank 
borrowings
Less: accumulated interest
Total long-term borrowings, net of current portion

Bank Borrowings description

109,785

202,983

4,110

100,000

760,713

(104,400)

(9,120)
647,193

128,243

82,322

-

-

628,489

(508,197)

(1,536)
118,756

a) Investment loan granted by Banca Transilvania

On 18 July 2019, Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Sud S.A., currently 
Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A., as a borrower, concluded with Banca Transilvania an in-
vestment credit agreement with the purpose of financing investments in the electricity distribution 
network, according to the investment plan. Main provisions are: Maximum loan amount: RON 125,000 
thousand;  Interest  rate:  fixed,  4.59%  per  annum;  Reimbursements:  quarterly  instalments  until 
30.06.2027; Grace period: 12 months. As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is of RON 
80,367 thousand, of which RON 80,357 thousand principal and RON 10 thousand accrued interest. 
(Outstanding balance as at 31 December 2021: RON 98,227 thousand)

b) Investment loan granted by Unicredit Bank

On 13 November 2019, Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Nord S.A., 
currently Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A., as borrower, concluded with Unicredit Bank an 
investment credit agreement with the purpose of financing investments in the electricity distribution 
network, according to the investment plan. Main provisions are: Maximum loan amount: RON 60,000 
thousand;  Interest  rate:  fixed,  3.85%  per  annum;  Reimbursements:  quarterly  instalments  until 
13.11.2026;  Grace  period:  12  months.  As  at  31  December  2022,  the  outstanding  balance  is  of  RON 
38,793 thousand, of which RON 38,400 thousand principal and RON 393 thousand accrued interest. 
(Outstanding balance as at 31 December 2021: RON 48,498 thousand)

c) Investment loan granted by BRD – Groupe Societe Generale

On  29  October  2019,  Societatea  de  Distributie  a  Energiei  Electrice  Muntenia  Nord  S.A., 
currently  Distributie  Energie  Electrica  Romania  S.A.,  as  borrower,  concluded  with  BRD  –  Groupe 
Societe Generale an investment credit agreement with the purpose of financing investments in the 
electricity distribution network, according to the investment plan. Main provisions are: Maximum loan 
amount: RON 130,000 thousand; Interest rate: fixed, 3.99% per annum; Reimbursements: quarterly 
instalments until 28.10.2026; Grace period: 12 months. As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding ba-
lance  is  of  RON  83,200  thousand.  (Outstanding  balance  as  at  31  December  2021:  RON  104,000 
thousand)

d) Investment loan granted by BRD – Groupe Societe Generale

On  25  June  2020,  Societatea  de  Distributie  a  Energiei  Electrice  Transilvania  Nord  S.A., 
currently Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A., as a borrower, concluded with BRD – Groupe 
Societe Generale an investment credit agreement with the purpose of financing investments in the 
electricity distribution network, according to the approved investment plan for 2020. Main provisions 
are:  Maximum  loan  amount:  RON  100,000  thousand;  Interest  rate:  fixed,  3.85%  per  annum; 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

464

On 25 June 2020, Societatea de Distributie a Energiei Electrice Transilvania Sud S.A., currently 
Distributie  Energie  Electrica  Romania  S.A.  as  a  borrower,  concluded  with  BRD  –  Groupe  Societe 
Generale an investment credit agreement with the purpose of financing investments in the electricity 
distribution  network,  according  to  the  approved  investment  plan  for  2020.  Main  provisions  are: 
Maximum loan amount: RON 80,000 thousand; Interest rate: fixed, 3.85% per annum; Reimbursements: 
quarterly instalments until 2028; Grace period: 12 months. As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding 
balance is RON 62,904 thousand, of which RON 62,857 thousand principal and RON 47 thousand 
accrued interest. (Outstanding balance as at 31 December 2021: RON 74,342 thousand)

f) Investment loan granted by Banca Comerciala Romana (“BCR”)

On  17  September  2020,  Societatea  de  Distributie  a  Energiei  Electrica  Muntenia  Nord  S.A., 
currently Distributie Energie Electrica Romania S.A., as a borrower and Electrica SA as a guarantor, 
concluded with Banca Comerciala Romana S.A. an investment credit agreement with the purpose of 
financing investments in the electricity distribution network, according to the approved investment 
plan  for  2020.  Main  provisions  are:  Maximum  loan  amount:  Ron  155,000  thousand;  Interest  rate: 
ROBOR 3M+1% per annum; Reimbursements: quarterly instalments until 2028; Grace period: 12 mon-
ths.  As  at  31  December  2022,  the  outstanding  balance  is  RON  109,785  thousand,  of  which  RON 
108,961 thousand principal and RON 824 thousand accrued interest. (Outstanding balance as at 31 
December 2021: RON 128,243 thousand)

g) Investment  loan  granted  by  the  European  Bank  for  Reconstruction  and  Development 
(“BERD”)

On 2 July 2021, Societatea de Distributie Energie Electrica Romania SA, as a borrower, con-
cluded with the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development a credit agreement for invest-
ments in order to finance investments in the electricity distribution network according to the 2021-
2023 investment plan. The main provisions are: The maximum value of the loan RON 195,136 thou-
sand;  Interest  rate:  agreed  individually  for  each  tranche  drawn;  Repayments:  17  half-yearly  instal-
ments until 31.07.2031; Grace period: 24 months. As at 31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is 
RON 202,983 thousand, of which RON 195,136 thousand principal and RON 7,847 thousand accrued 
interest. The loan agreement is guaranteed by Electrica SA. 

h) Investment loan granted by the European Investment Bank (“BEI”)

On 14 July 2021, Societatea de Distributie Energie Electrica Romania SA, as a borrower, con-
cluded with the European Investment Bank an investment credit contract for the purpose of finan-
cing investments in the electricity distribution network according to the 2021-2023 investment plan. 
The  main  provisions  are:  Maximum  value  of  the  loan:  EUR  120,000  thousand;  Interest  rate  and 
Repayments will be agreed individually for each tranche drawn. On 31 December 2022, the outstan-
ding balance is Nil as no withdraw was made from the loan. The loan agreement is guaranteed by 
Electrica SA.

i) Loan for financing current activity granted by Eximbank Romania

On  22  December  2022,  Distributie  Energie  Electrica  Romania  S.A.,  as  a  borrower,  concluded  with 
Eximbank  Romania  a  credit  agreement  for  a  period  of  24  months.  The  main  provisions  are:  Maximum  loan 
amount: 250,000 thousand RON; Interest rate: ROBOR 3M +1.65 % p.a.; Repayments: 6 equal quarterly instal-
ments; Grace period: 6 months. On 31 December 2022, the outstanding balance is RON 4,110 thousand. The loan 
benefits from a guarantee in the name and account of the state and is guaranteed by Electrica SA.

j) Line of Credit for working capital and for issuing Bank Guarantee Letters granted by Vista 
Bank

On 30 December 2022, Societatea Energetica Electrica S.A., as the borrower, concluded a contract for 
a line of credit for working capital and for the issuance of Bank Guarantee Letters granted by Vista Bank for a 
period of 18 months. The main provisions are: Maximum credit amount: 100,000 thousand RON; Interest rate: 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

465

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ROBOR 3M +2.95 % p.a.; full refund at maturity. On 31 December 2022, the balance of the loan is 100,000 thou-
sand RON.

Overdrafts

Until the authorization for issue of these Consolidated Financial Statements by the Board of 
Directors,  the  Group  has  overdrafts  from  various  banks  (ING  Bank  N.V.,  Raiffeisen  Bank,  Banca 
Comerciala Romana, Banca Transilvania, BNP Paribas, Intesa Sanpaolo Bank, BRD – Groupe Societe 
Generale S.A., Alpha Bank and UniCredit) with a total overdraft limit of up to RON 2,743,542 thou-
sand at 31 december 2022 (Total overdraft limit as at 31 december 2021: RON 1,830,000 thousand).

The overdraft facilities are used for financing activities. The outstanding balance of the over-
draft facilities as at 31 December 2022 is of RON 2,571,037 thousand (31 December 2021: RON 627,402 
thousand). 

Lender (overdrafts)

Borrower

Balance at 31 December 
2022

Balance at 31 December 
2021

ING Bank N.V

Alpha Bank
BCR
BRD
Banca Transilvania
ING Bank N.V
Raiffeisen Bank
UniCredit Bank 

BCR

Banca Transilvania

ING Bank N.V

Intesa San Paolo

Raiffeisen Bank

Total overdrafts

Financial Covenants

Societatea Energetica 
Electrica S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Electrica Furnizare S.A.
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania S.A
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania S.A
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania S.A
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania S.A
Distributie Energie 
Electrica Romania S.A

209,138

147,497
227,311
216,570
185,528
169,600
343,001
300,294

208,412

158,965

49,855

135,096

219,770

2,571,037

120,691

-
16,125
-
-
-
282,477
-

-

109,748

-

98,361

-

627,402

The financial covenants specified in the agreements with BRD – Groupe Societe Generale, 
Unicredit  Bank,  Comerciala  Romana,  European  Bank  for  Reconstruction  and  Development  and 
European Investment Bank have been fulfilled as at 31 December 2022.

.

Pledged assets

On 31 December 2022, for several overdrafts the Group has pledges (guarantees) for trade 

receivables amounts, as specified on contracts.

Bank Guarantees

The maximum limit of the facility for issuing bank guarantees (credit facility for issuing gu-
arantee instruments and multi-product lines) RON 2,502,000 thousand, of which non-cash uses RON 
1,045,153 thousand.

Financial instruments

31 Financial instruments - fair values and risk management

(a) Accounting classifications and fair values

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

466

(b) Financial risk management

The Group has exposure to the following risks arising from financial instruments:
 y credit risk; 
 y liquidity risk; 
 y market risk.

These risks are further explained and detailed.

(i) Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or counterparty to a financial 
instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations, and arises principally from the Group’s receiva-
bles from customers, cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and bank deposits.

The Group’s exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the individual characteristics of 

each customer. In the past, the Group had a high credit risk mainly from State-owned companies. 

Cash and bank deposits are placed in financial institutions which are considered to have low 

risk of default.

The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure.

Trade receivables

The Group’s credit risk in respect of receivables was concentrated in the past around sta-
te-controlled companies and in the recent years refers to clients that are facing financial difficulties 
in their industries due to specific changes in circumstances in their industry sector. The Group has 
implemented a policy on credit risk management and is also considering securing trade receivables. 
Also, the electricity supply contracts include termination clauses in certain circumstances.

The Group establishes an allowance for impairment that represents the amount of expected 

credit losses, calculated based on the expected loss rates.

Impairment

The  following  table  provides  information  about  the  exposure  to  credit  risk  and  expected 

credit losses for trade receivables for customers as at 31 December 2022:

Expected 
credit loss rates 
(“ECL”)

Gross value

Lifetime ECL

Net trade 
receivables

Credit impaired

31 December 2022

Neither past due 
nor impaired
Past due 1-30 
days
Past due 31-60 
days
Past due 61-90 
days
Past due more 
than 90 days
Total

3%

4%

16%

35%

95%

1,951,656

(60,310)

1,891,346

490,985

(19,342)

471,643

66,365

(10,488)

27,259

(9,671)

55,877

17,588

582,426

(552,878) 

29,548

3,118,691

(652,689) 

2,466,002

No

No

No

No

Yes

The  Group  performed  a  sensitivity  analysis  and  a  5%  increase  in  the  expected  credit  loss 

rates would not lead a material impact on the results of the Group. 

The  following  table  provides  information  about  the  exposure  to  credit  risk  and  expected 

credit losses for trade receivables for customers as at 31 December 2021:

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

467

According to IFRS 9, financial assets are measured at amortised cost as they are held within 
a business model to collect contractual cash flows and these cash flows consist solely of payments 
of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

The Group assessed that the carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of the fair value 

for the financial assets and financial liabilities.

Neither past due 
nor impaired

31 December 2021

Expected 
credit loss rates 
(“ECL”)

Gross value

Lifetime ECL

Net trade 
receivables

Credit impaired

2%

  1,080,179 

         (16,615)

1,063,564 

No

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Past due 1-30 
days
Past due 31-60 
days
Past due 61-90 
days
Past due more 
than 90 days
Total

5%

15%

38%

98%

31 December 2021

    228,537 

           (10,598)

      217,939 

      36,646 

           (5,317)

       31,329 

15,428 

           (5,930)

       9,498 

964,687 

(942,398)

22,289 

2,325,477

(980,858)

1,344,619

No

No

No

Yes

Currency risk

The Group is exposed to currency risk to the extent that there is a mismatch between the 
currencies in which sales, purchases and borrowings are denominated and the functional currency of 
the Group. The functional currency of all entities belonging to the Group is the Romanian Leu (RON). 

The currency in which these transactions are primarily denominated is RON. Certain liabili-
ties  are  denominated  in  foreign  currency  (EUR).  The  Group  also  has  deposits  and  bank  accounts 
denominated in foreign currency (EUR). The Group’s policy is to use the local currency in its transac-
tions as far as practically possible. The Group does not use derivative or hedging instruments.

Details of the main movements in the allowances for doubtful debts are disclosed in Note 18.

Exposure to currency risk

(ii) Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations 
associated with its financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset. 
The Group’s approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will have sufficient 
liquidity to meet its liabilities when they are due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without 
incurring unacceptable losses.

The Group aims to maintain the level of its cash and cash equivalents at an amount in excess 
of expected cash outflows on financial liabilities. The Group also monitors the level of expected cash 
inflows on trade receivables together with expected cash outflows on trade and other payables. In 
addition, the Group maintains overdrafts (refer to Note 30).

Exposure to liquidity risk

The following are the remaining contractual maturities of financial liabilities at the reporting 

date. The amounts are gross and undiscounted.

Carrying 
amount

Contractual cash flows

Total

less than 1 
year

1-2 years

2-5 years

More than 
5 years

2,571,037

2,571,037

2,571,037

-

-

53,673

53,673

19,211

10,795

10,645

760,713

760,713

113,520

354,471

200,505

1,407,097

1,407,097

1,407,097

-

-

 951,557 

 951,557 

 190,311 

190,311

 570,934

-

13,022

92,217

-

 - 

5,744,077

5,744,077

4,301,176

555,577

782,084

105,239

627,402

627,402

21,544

21,544

627,402

9,442

-

4,874

-

5,071

-

2,157

628,489

628,489

509,733

27,455

82,372

8,929

891,335
2,168,770 

891,335
2,168,770 

891,335
2,037,912 

-
32,329 

-
87,443 

-
11,086 

Financial liabilities

31 December 2022
Bank overdrafts

Lease liability
Long term bank 
borrowings
Trade payables
Financial assets 
related to concession 
agreements
Total

31 December 2021

Bank overdrafts
Lease liability
Long-term bank 
borrowings 
Trade payables
Total

(iii) Market risk

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices – such as foreign exchange rates and 
interest rates – will affect the Group’s income or the value of its financial instruments held. The ob-
jective of market risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures within acceptable 
parameters, while optimising the return.

The summary of quantitative data about the Group’s exposure to currency risk is as follows:

in thousands of RON
Cash and cash equivalents
Lease liability
Net statement of financial position 
exposure

31 December 2022
denominated in EUR

31 December 2021
denominated in EUR

277
(21,004) 

(20,727)

812
(19,118)

(18,306)

The following significant exchange rates have been applied during the year:

RON
EUR 1

Sensitivity analysis

Average rate

Year-end spot rate

2022

2021

2022

2021

4.9315

4.9204

4.9474

4.9481

A reasonably possible strengthening (weakening) of the EUR against RON at 31 December 
would have affected the measurement of financial instruments denominated in a foreign currency 
and profit before tax by the amounts shown below. The analysis assumes that all other variables, in 
particular interest rates, remain constant and ignores any impact of forecast sales and purchases.

Effect
31 December 2022
EUR (5% movement)
31 December 2021
EUR (5% movement)

Interest rate risk

Profit before tax

Strengthening

Weakening

(1,036) 

(915)

1,036

915

For financing purposes, the Group uses both medium and long-term bank loans and short 

term loans in the form of overdraft facilities (please see Notes 20, 30).

The Group is exposed to interest rate risk because entities in the Group borrow funds at both 
fixed and floating interest rates. The risk is managed by the Group by maintaining an appropriate mix 
between fixed and floating rate borrowings (please see Notes 20, 30), as the long term borrowings 
are contracted mainly at fixed rates, while the overdraft facilities bear variable rates. The Group does 
not have in place hedging contracts for interest rate. 

The Groups exposures to interest rates on financial assets and financial liabilities are detailed 
below. The Group is exposed to the interest rate benchmark ROBOR, which is the interest rate on the 
Romanian interbank market. 

Exposure to interest rate risk

The interest rate profile of the Group’s interest-bearing financial instruments is as follows:

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

Fixed-rate instruments
Financial assets
Call deposits 
Financial assets
Financial liabilities

193,219
951,557

53,897
-

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

469

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

468

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31 December 2022

31 December 2021

B. Acquisition-related costs

Long-term bank borrowings
Lease liability

Variable-rate instruments
Financial liabilities
Lease liability
Long-term bank borrowings
Bank overdrafts

(651,752)
(37,378)

455,646

(16,295)
(108,961)
(2,571,037)
(2,696,293)

(418,893)
(8,276)

(373,272)

(13,268)
(209,596)
(627,402)
(850,266)

Fair value sensitivity analysis for fixed-rate instruments

The Group does not account for any fixed-rate financial assets or financial liabilities at fair 
value  through  profit  or  loss.  Therefore,  a  change  in  interest  rates  at  the  reporting  date  would  not 
affect profit or loss. 

Cash flow sensitivity analysis for variable-rate instruments

A reasonably possible change of 50 basis points in interest rates at the reporting date would 
have increased (decreased) profit before tax by the amounts shown below. This analysis assumes 
that all other variables, in particular foreign currency exchange rates, remain constant.

31 December 2022
Variable-rate instruments
31 December 2021
Variable-rate instruments

Other information

32 Acquisition of subsidiaries 

Profit before tax

50 bp increase

50 bp decrease

(13,481) 

(4,251) 

13,481

4,251 

On 6 September 2022, Electrica acquired 75% of Green Energy Consultancy & Investments 

S.R.L.  shares granting control of the entity.  

On 21 March 2022 the Group acquired an additional 30% of the shares and voting interests 
in Sunwind Energy S.R.L.. As a result, the Group’s equity interest increased from 30% to 60%, gaining 
control of Sunwind Energy S.R.L.. 

On 27 May 2022 the Group acquired an additional 30% of the shares and voting interests in 
New Trend Energy S.R.L.. As a result, the Group’s equity interest increased from 30% to 60%, gaining 
control of New Trend Energy S.R.L.. 

The  Group  has  concluded  that  the  new  purchased  subsidiaries  represent  a  business 

combination. 

Taking control of both New Trend Energy S.R.L. and Sunwind Energy S.R.L. will enable the 

Group to develop a portfolio of electricity generation capacities from renewable sources.

A. Consideration transferred 

The Consideration transferred for the shares acquired was as follows:

Green Energy 
Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L.  
(31 August 2022)

New Trend Energy 
S.R.L.
(31 May 2022)

Sunwind Energy 
S.R.L.
(31 March 2022)

Total

Cash

Fair value of pre-
existing interest 
Consideration 
transferred 

 1,446 

 -   

 1,446 

802

4,786

5,588

2,204

2,190

4,394

       4,452 

       6,976 

     11,428 

.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

470

The Group incurred acquisition-related costs of RON 100 thousand relating to external legal 
fees and due diligence costs. These costs have been included in “Other operating expenses” in the 
condensed consolidated statement of profit or loss.

C. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed

The  following  table  summarises  the  recognised  amounts  of  assets  acquired  and  liabilities 

assumed at the date of acquisition:

Green Energy 
Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L.  
(31 August 2022)

New Trend Energy 
S.R.L.
(31 May 2022)

Sunwind Energy 
S.R.L.
(31 March 2022)

Total

 239 

 -   

 -   

 1 

 273 

 6,095 

 46 

 7 

 163 

 2,862 

 20 

 -   

 675 

 8,957 

 66 

 8 

                 240 

              6,421 

             3,045 

         9,706

 (196)

 -   

 -   

 (47)
 (243)
 (3)

 (1)

 (6,764)

 (332)

 (8)
 (7,105)
 (684)

 (1)

 (3,184)

 (191)

-
 (3,376)
 (331)

 (198)

 (9,948)

 (523)

 (55)
     (10,724)
(1,018)

Property, plant and 
equipment
Right of use assets
Trade and other 
receivables
Cash and Cash 
equivalents
Total assets

Trade and other 
payables
Finance lease 
liability
Other non-current 
liabilities
Other payables
Total liabilities
Net assets

D. Goodwill

Goodwill arising from the acquisition has been recognised as follows:

Green Energy 
Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L.
(31 August 2022)

New Trend Energy 
S.R.L.
(31 May 2022)

Sunwind Energy 
S.R.L.
(31 March 2022)

Total

 1,446 

 5,588 

 4,394 

 11,428 

.

 (1)

 (274)

 (132)

 (407)

 3 

 1,448 

 684 

 5,998 

 331 

 1,018 

 4,593 

 12,039 

Consideration 
transferred
NCI, based on 
their proportionate 
interest in the 
recognised amounts 
of the assets and 
liabilities 
Fair value of 
identifiable net 
assets
Goodwill

The goodwill is attributable mainly to the know-how of the projects and the synergies expec-
ted to be achieved from integrating the companies into the Group’s existing business. The manage-
ment has concluded by assessing internal and external sources, that there is no indication that the 
goodwill  may  be  impaired.  None  of  the  goodwill  recognized  is  expected  to  be  deductible  for  tax 
purposes.

.

I

A
S
A
C
R
T
C
E
L
E

2
2
0
2

T
R
O
P
E
R
L
A
U
N
N
A

471

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                 
33 Related parties 

(a) Main shareholders

As  at  31  December  2022  and  31  December  2021,  the  major  shareholder  of  Societatea 
Energetica Electrica S.A. is the Romanian State, represented by the Ministry of Energy with a share 
of ownership of 48.79% from the share capital.

(a) Management and administrators’ compensation

Executive Management 
compensation

2022

2021

34,726

34,429

Executive management compensation refers to both the managers with mandate contract 
and those with labour contract, from both the subsidiaries and Electrica SA. This also includes the 
benefits in the event of the termination of mandate contracts for executive directors.

Compensations granted to the members of the Board of Directors were as follows:

2022

2021

Members of Board of Directors 

3,063

3,992

Electrica SA’s Board of Directors comprises 7 members. According to the remuneration po-
licy approved by the General Meeting of Shareholders that took place on 20 April 2022, the annual 
number of paid sessions is limited to twelve for Board of Directors meetings and to six for each of 
the  committees.  Additional  committee  meetings  can  be  organized  only  in  exceptional  situations, 
upon  the  Chairs’  committee  decision,  who  are  responsible  to  efficiently  organize  the  agenda  and 
activity. However, only one such additional meeting shall be remunerated, for each committee.

No loans were granted to directors or administrators in 2022 and 2021.

(c) Transactions with companies in which the state has control or significant influence

The Group has transactions with companies in which the State has control or significant in-
fluence in the ordinary course of business, related mainly to the acquisition of electricity, transport 
and system services and sale of electricity. Significant purchases and balances are mainly with ener-
gy producers/suppliers, as follows:

Supplier
OPCOM
Transelectrica
Nuclearelectrica
Hidroelectrica
Complexul Energetic 
Oltenia
OMV Petrom SA
SNGN Romgaz SA
Electrocentrale 
Bucuresti
ANRE
Transgaz
Others
Total

Purchases (without VAT)

2022

2021

2,727,101
968,470
866,763
581,598

478,813
261,123
197,490

191,862
10,458
8,029
7,768
6,299,475

1,700,630
756,925
512,915
241,722

396,072
-
10,727

34,776
10,320
8,958
7,889
3,680,934

Balance (including VAT)

31 December 2022
23,981
185,856
93,013
42,493

45,257
26,349
7,445

-
14
986
1,168
426,562

31 December 2021

29,203
155,931
43,343
19,711

31,502
-
3,305

-
132
1,226
1,332
285,685

The Group also makes sales to companies in which the State has control or significant influence 
representing supply of electricity, of which the most important transactions are the following:

Client
OPCOM 
Transelectrica

Sales 
(without VAT)
2022

Balance, gross 
(including VAT)

Allowance 
(including VAT)
31 December 2022

Balance, net

326,640
314,253

22,630
112,754

-
-

22,630
112,754

.

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2
2
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L
A
U
N
N
A

472

Client
SNGN Romgaz SA
Hidroelectrica
CN Romarm
CFR Electrificare
Transgaz
CN Remin SA
C.N.C.A.F MINVEST 
SA
Oltchim
CET Braila
Termoelectrica
Others
Total

Client
OPCOM 
Transelectrica
SNGN Romgaz SA
Hidroelectrica
CN Romarm
CFR Electrificare
C.N.C.F CFR SA
CNAIR
Municipiul Galati
Transgaz
CN Remin SA
C.N.C.A.F MINVEST 
SA
Oltchim
CET Braila
Termoelectrica
National Agency for 
Payments and Social 
Inspection 
Ministry of Energy
Others
Total

Sales 
(without VAT)
2022

Balance, gross 
(including VAT)

86,353
68,716
17,386
10,332
11,580
704
-

-
5
0
127,686
963,655

2,253
16,429
648
2,089
764
71,279
26,802

115,943
3,365
1,206
11,277
387,439

Allowance 
(including VAT)
31 December 2022
9
-
0
-
0
71,148
26,802

115,943
3,361
1,206
522
218,991

Balance, net

2,245
16,429
648
2,089
764
132

                 -

-
3
-
10,754
168,448

Sales 
(without VAT)
2021

Balance, gross 
(including VAT)

Allowance 
(including VAT)
31 December 2021

Balance, net

162,855
92,505
48,099
19,622
14,156
10,410
8,281
6,928
4,568
2,249
700
-

-
9
-

-

-
32,956
403,338

28,468
27,091
1,664
2,638
1,093
507
701
962
12
1,571
71,216
26,802

536,156
3,361
1,206

59,271

11,420
2,204
776,343

-
-
-
-
-
-
(1)
-
(12)
-
(71,216)
(26,802)

(536,156)
(3,361)
(1,206)

-

-
(536)
(639,290)

28,468
27,091
1,664
2,638
1,093
507
700
962
-
1,571
-
-

-
-
-

59,271

11,420
1,668
137,053

34 Contingencies 

Contingent liabilities

Fiscal environment

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Tax  audits  are  frequent  in  Romania,  consisting  of  detailed  verifications  of  the  accounting 
records of taxpayers. Such audits sometimes take place after months, even years, from the date lia-
bilities are established. Consequently, companies may be found liable for significant taxes and fines. 
Moreover, tax legislation is subject to frequent changes and the authorities demonstrate inconsisten-
cy in interpretation of the law.

Income tax returns may be subject to revision and corrections by tax authorities, generally 

for a five-year period after they are completed.

The Group may incur expenses related to previous years’ tax adjustments as a result of con-
trols  and  litigations  with  tax  authorities.  The  management  of  the  Group  believes  that  adequate 

2
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N
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473

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
provisions were recorded in the consolidated financial statements for all significant tax obligations; 
however a risk persists that the tax authorities might have different positions.

Tax inspection report for SDEE Muntenia Nord S.A.

The subsidiary SDEE Muntenia Nord S.A. was subject to a tax audit performed by the Local 
Taxes Department of Galati City Hall that referred to the building taxes paid for the period 2012-2016. 
The tax audit was finalized in December 2019, when the fiscal inspection report was communicated 
to the subsidiary. The fiscal report established additional payment obligations for the subsidiary re-
presenting building tax for the period 01.01.2012-31.12.2015 in the total amount of RON 24,831 thou-
sand, of which principal in amount of RON 12,051 thousand and related late penalties computed as of 
October 2019, in amount of RON 12,780 thousand. The amount of late charges was recalculated to 
RON  13,021  thousand  between  the  tax  inspection  report  date  and  principal  debt  payment  date. 
Litigious actions were started in order to challenge the tax inspection report.

The Group recognised an expense in amount of RON 12,051 thousand during the year ended 
31  December  2019  in  accordance  with  IFRIC  23  „Uncertainty  over  Income  Tax  Treatments”.  At  the 
same time, for the late penalties in the amount of RON 13,021 thousand, a letter of bank guarantee 
was established in the amount of RON 13,021 thousand valid until 10 August 2023, in order to mitiga-
te the associated risks.

The capital expenditures actually incurred may differ from the ones planned.

(c) Guarantees and pledges

At 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, the Group has guarantees on its bank accounts 
opened at ING Bank N.V., Raiffeisen Bank, Banca Comerciala Romana, Banca Transilvania and Intesa 
Sanpaolo Bank for the overdrafts contracted (please see Note 30), and also on its bank accounts 
opened at BRD – Group Societe Generale, Unicredit Bank, Banca Transilvania and Banca Comerciala 
Romana for the long-term borrowings contracted (please see Note 30). 

At 31 December 2022, the Group has outstanding bank letters of guarantee of RON 952,008 

thousand (31 December 2021: RON 1,088,629 thousand) issued in favour of its suppliers.

(d) Audit fees

The  audit  fees  for  the  consolidated  financial  statements  were  in  amount  of  957  thousand 
RON, and during the year 2022, non-audit services fees were in amount of 377 thousand RON (limi-
ted review of the interim consolidated financial statements, verification of the degree of fulfilment of 
the financial indicators stipulated in the contract, analysis and verification of transactions reported 
according to art. 923 para. 5 of Law no. 24/2017).

Other litigations and claims

36 Subsequent events 

The  Group  is  involved  in  a  series  of  litigations  and  claims  (ie.  with  ANRE,  NAFA,  Court  of 

Vulturu project

Accounts, claims for damages, claims over land titles, labour related litigations etc.). 

As summarised in Note 29, the Group set-up provisions for the litigations or claims for which 
the management assessed as probable the outflow of resources embodying economic benefits due 
to low chances of favourable outcomes of those litigations or disputes. The Group does not present 
information in the financial statements and did not set-up provisions for items for which the mana-
gement assessed as remote the possibility of outflow of economic benefits.

The  Group  discloses  if  the  case  information  on  the  most  significant  items  of  litigations  or 
claims for which the Group did not set-up provisions as they relate to possible obligations that arise 
from past events whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of 
uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Group (ie. litigations for which different 
inconsistent sentences were issued by the Courts, or litigations which are in early stages and no pre-
liminary ruling was issued so far).

35 Commitments

(a) Contractual commitments

Contractual commitments as at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021 are as follows:

31 December 2022

31 December 2021

Purchase of electricity
Purchase of green certificates
Purchase of property, plant and 
equipment and intangible assets
Purchase of investments
Total

(b) Investment program

802,252
129,246

446,937
289,636
1,668,071

The investment program at Group level approved for the year 2023 is as follows:

2023

Distribution activity
Supply activity
Maintenance activity
Production activity
Other/ shared
Total

3,200,154
132,937

212,930
60,485
3,606,506

848,800
61,200
10,500
343,000
33,500
1,297,000

The project company Green Energy Consultancy & Investments S.R.L, having as main object 
of activity the production of energy from photovoltaic sources, was acquired 100% on 6 February 
2023, until 31 December 2022 was acquired 75% (please see note 1). Green Energy Consultancy & 
Investments S.R.L. develops the photovoltaic project “Vulturu”, with a designed installed capacity of 
12 MWp DC (peak power at the panels level) and 9.75 MW AC (authorised power for delivery into the 
grid), located near Vulturu locality, Vrancea county. The project is in the “ready-to-build” phase.

Concession agreements amendments

On 20 January 2023, the Ministry of Energy as concedent amended the concession agree-
ment with the Group for the distribution segment to reflect that in case of early termination of the 
concession agreement, for any reasons, the cocessionaire would reimburse to the Group the value of 
actual costs with the purchase of electricity for own technological consumption compared to the 
costs included in the regulated tariffs.

The  amendments  to  the  concession  agreements  have  been  agreed  with  the  Ministry  of 
Energy  before  31  December  2022,  however  the  addendums  were  issued  on  20  January  2023  and 
they have mentions in preambul about the communications from 2022. The management considers 
that all facts and circumstances were available as of 31 December 2022, therefore Group accounted 
for these amendments as a subsequent adjusting event for the year ended 31 December 2022 and 
recognised a financial asset, which is further detailed in Note 25.

Chief Executive Officer
Alexandru – Aurelian Chirita

Chief Financial Officer
Stefan Alexandru Frangulea

24 March 2023

.

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475

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474

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated)NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (IFRS-EU)AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022(All amounts are in THOUSAND RON, if not otherwise stated) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 
Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS-EU)

476

477

Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS-EU) 

Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS-EU) 

Deloitte Audit S.R.L.  
Clădirea The Mark Tower,  
Calea Griviței nr. 82-98,  
Sector 1, 010735 
București, România 

Tel:  +40 21 222 16 61 
Fax:  +40 21 222 16 60 
www.deloitte.ro 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  

To the Shareholders, 
Societatea Energetica Electrica S.A. 

Report on the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements  

Qualified Opinion 

1.  We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Societatea Energetica Electrica S.A. and its subsidiaries (the Group), with 

registered office in Bucharest, District 1, Street Grigore Alexandrescu, No. 9, identified by unique tax registration code 13267221, 
which comprise the consolidated statement of financial position as at December 31, 2022, and the consolidated statement of 
comprehensive income, consolidated statement of changes in equity and consolidated statement of cash flows for the year then 
ended, and notes to the consolidated financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies and notes to the 
consolidated financial statements. 

2. 

The financial statements as at December 31, 2022 are identified as follows: 

•  Net assets / Equity  
•  Net profit for the financial year 

RON   5,367,246 thousand  
  RON     558,845 thousand  

3. 

In our opinion, except for the possible effects of the matter described in the “Basis for Qualified Opinion” section of our report, the 
accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the 
Group as at December 31, 2022, and its consolidated financial performance and its consolidated cash flows for the year then ended 
in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by EU (“IFRS”). 

Basis for Qualified Opinion 

4. 

As explained in Note 25, the Group has recorded a financial asset related to the concession agreement of RON 951,557 thousand 
related to the additional cost of purchasing electricity for covering the own technological consumption of the distribution operators. 
We were unable to obtain sufficient evidence to support the recognition of the amounts recorded as financial assets related to the 
concession agreement in the consolidated statement of financial position as of December 31, 2022 and the elements making up the 
statement of profit and loss and other comprehensive income, statement of changes in equity and statement of cash flows. 

5.  We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (ISAs), Regulation (EU) No. 537/2014 of the 

European Parliament and the Council (forth named “the Regulation”) and Law 162/2017 (“the Law”). Our responsibilities under 
those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. 
We are independent of the Company in accordance with the International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants’ Code of Ethics for 
Professional Accountants (IESBA Code), in accordance with ethical requirements relevant for the audit of the financial statements in 
Romania including the Regulation and the Law and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these 
requirements and the IESBA Code. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a 
basis for our opinion. 

Emphasis of Matter 

6.  We draw attention to Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements, which describes that starting with 2022 the Group prepares 
two sets of consolidated financial statements, one under statutory regulations, namely Ministry of Finance Order 2844/2016 with 
subsequent amendments and one under International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union (“IFRS”). 
These consolidated financial statements are prepared under International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European 
Union (“IFRS”), which differs from Ministry of Finance Order 2844/2016 with subsequent amendments, as summarized in Note 2. 
Consequently these consolidated financial statements do not comply with Ministry of Finance Order 2844/2016 with subsequent 
amendments. Our audit report is not modified in respect of this matter. 

Key Audit Matters 

7. 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the consolidated 
financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the consolidated financial 
statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.  

Key audit matters 

Going Concern 

As presented in Note 6 the consolidated financial statements have 
been prepared on the going concern basis. The key judgement 
leading to this conclusion are set out in that note. 

In particular the Group operates in the electricity distribution and 
supply industry which is currently affected by the capping laws on 
sales to end customers. The Romanian authorities regulatory 
position is under review and there may be further laws enacted 
which could adversely impact the Group’s operating cash flows. In 
the forthcoming twelve months the Group will need to obtain 
additional financing and given the position of the Group and its 
significance to the Romanian economy management expects that 
all necessary financing will be made available. 

The ability of the Group to continue as a going concern is 
dependent on the successful extension of the existing debt 
facilities, drawdown of new financing and on stabilizing of the 
regulatory regime on energy prices as described in note 6 which 
provides an appropriate margin to support servicing of the 
Group’s short and long term financings. 

In view of the significant judgements, the application and 
disclosures of the basis of the going concern assumption are 
considered a Key Audit Matter.  

Valuation of Retail accrued revenue, related to electricity supplied 
to households 

The Group recognizes at the end of each reporting period accrued 
revenue from the energy supply activity, related to the household 
population. If the actual meter readings are not available at the 
end of the reporting period, energy supplied to households is 
estimated based on internal information related to historical 
patterns of consumption. The degree of estimation uncertainty 
reduces from one period to another, however judgement is 
inherent in the valuation of the accrued revenue related to the 
household population.  

Because of the significance of the estimations around the accrued 
revenue related to the households and the inability of relying on 
the effectiveness of the controls, we consider the valuation of 
retail accrued revenue, related to households a key audit matter. 

How our audit addressed the key audit matter 

We  have  assessed  managements  valuation  of  the  going  concern 
assumption by performing the following procedures:  

•  We have obtained the cash flow forecasts and critically 
challenged the management and the Board of Directors 
and Audit Committee on the assumptions used;         

•  We considered whether at the date of this report additional 
information exist from the Romanian authorities with 
respect to the capping mechanism;                               

•  We have assessed the Group’s position on the existing debt 

facilities, covenant compliance and newly negotiated debt 
facilities, during 2023 until the date of this report; 

•  We considered the Group’s requirements to secure 

additional financing in light of its position in the Romanian 
market;                      

•  We assessed the adequacy of the disclosure of the basis of 

going concern assumption, including the key judgements 
adopted; 

The group has a number of IT systems across the businesses and 
we were not able to rely on the effectiveness of IT controls within 
the revenue cycle. The audit procedures adopted were 
substantive in nature and included the following: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Obtaining an understanding of the accounting policies used 
in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements, 
with respect to revenue recognition; 

Testing the reconciliation made by the Group between the 
quantity of electricity purchased for supply purposes and 
the quantity of electricity delivered from the supply 
activity; 

Testing the acquired electricity for supply purposes through 
a combination of direct confirmations received from the 
electricity producers and other supporting documents;  

Testing the revenues related to electricity supplied to 
customers on the free market through a combination of 
direct confirmations and other supporting documents; 

Testing the revenues related to electricity supplied to all 
customers on the universal service by means of 
independent re-computation of the revenues, using the 
tariffs published for 2022; and 

• 

Performing analytical procedures on all electricity sales. 

Other information – Administrator’s Report  

8. 

The administrators are responsible for preparation and presentation of the other information. The other information comprises the 
Administrator’s report and the Remuneration Report, but does not include the consolidated financial statements and our auditor’s 
report thereon. 

Numele Deloitte se referă la organizația Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, o companie cu răspundere limitată din Marea Britanie, la firmele membre ale acesteia, în cadrul căreia 
fiecare firmă membră este o persoană juridică independentă. Pentru o descriere amănunțită a structurii legale a Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited și a firmelor membre, vă rugăm să 
accesați www.deloitte.com/ro/despre. 

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479

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478

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS-EU) 

Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS-EU) 

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, unless otherwise explicitly mentioned in our 
report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022, our responsibility is to 
read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial 
statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 

With respect to the Administrator’s report, we read it and report if this has been prepared, in all material respects, in accordance 
with the provisions of Ministry of Public Finance Order no. 2844/2016, with subsequent amendments. 

With respect to the Remuneration report, we read it and report if this has been prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with 
the provisions of Law 24/2017, articles. no. 106 – 107. 

On the sole basis of the procedures performed within the audit of the consolidated financial statements, in our opinion:  

a) 

b) 

c) 

the information included in the administrators’ report and the Remuneration report for the financial year for which the 
financial statements have been prepared is consistent, in all material respects, with these consolidated financial 
statements; 

the administrators’ report has been prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the provisions of Ministry of 
Public Finance Order no. 2844/2016, with subsequent amendments;  

the Remuneration report has been prepared, in all material respects,  in accordance with the provisions of Law 24/2017, 
articles. no. 106 – 107. 

Moreover, based on our knowledge and understanding concerning the Group and its environment gained during the audit of the 
consolidated financial statements prepared as at December 31, 2022, we are required to report if we have identified a material 
misstatement of this Administrator’s report and remuneration report. Except for the possible effects of the aspects presented in the 
“Basis for Qualified Opinion” section of our report, we have nothing to report in this regard.  

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Consolidated Financial Statements  

9.  Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with 

International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by EU and for such internal control as management determines is necessary 
to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or 
error. 

10. 

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to continue as a 
going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless 
management either intends to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 

11.  Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Group’s financial reporting process. 

Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements 

12.  Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole are free from 
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable 
assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs will always detect a 
material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in 
the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these 
consolidated financial statements. 

13.  As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the 

audit. We also: 

• 

• 

• 

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, 
design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to 
provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one 
resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of 
internal control. 

Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in 
the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group's internal control. 

Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related 
disclosures made by management. 

• 

• 

• 

Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit 
evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the 
Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw 
attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements or, if such disclosures are 
inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s 
report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Group to cease to continue as a going concern. 

Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated financial statements, including the disclosures, 
and whether the consolidated financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves 
fair presentation.  

Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities within the 
Group to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and 
performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion. 

14.  We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit 

and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit. 

15.  We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements 

regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear 
on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards. 

16. 

From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most significance in 
the audit of the financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our 
auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we 
determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably 
be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication. 

Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements  

17.  We have been appointed by the General Assembly of Shareholders April 28, 2021 to audit the consolidated financial statements of 
Societatea Energetica Electrica S.A. for the financial year ended December 31, 2022. The uninterrupted total duration of our 
commitment is 5 years, covering the financial years ended December 31, 2018 to December 31, 2022. 

We confirm that: 

• 

• 

Our audit opinion is consistent with the additional report submitted to the Audit Committee of the Company that we issued the 
same date we issued and this report. Also, in conducting our audit, we have retained our independence from the audited entity. 

No non-audit services referred to in Article 5 (1) of EU Regulation No. 537/2014 were provided. 

The engagement statutory auditor on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Răzvan Ungureanu.  

Report on compliance with the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2018/815 (“European Single Electronic Format Regulatory 
Technical Standard“ or “ESEF”) 

We have undertaken a reasonable assurance engagement on the compliance with Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/815 
applicable to the financial statements included in the annual financial report of SOCIETATEA ENERGETICA ELECTRICA S.A. (“the Company”) 
in the digital files 213800P4SUNUM5AUDX61 (“Digital files”). 

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with governance for the Digital Files prepared in compliance with the ESEF  

Management is responsible for preparing Digital Files that comply with the ESEF. This responsibility includes: 

▪ 

▪ 

▪ 

the design, implementation and maintenance of internal control relevant to the application of the ESEF; 

the selection and application of appropriate iXBRL mark ups; 

ensuring consistency between the digital files and the consolidated financial statements to be submitted in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by EU and also with the consolidated financial statements submitted in 
accordance with Ministry of Finance Order 2844/2016 with subsequent amendments; 

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the preparation of the Digital Files that comply with ESEF. 

3 

4 

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481

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480

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS-EU) 

Independent Auditor’s Report on the 2022 Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS-EU) 

Auditor’s Responsibilities for Audit of the Digital Files 

Our responsibility is to express a conclusion on whether the consolidated financial statements included in the annual financial report 
complies in all material respects with the requirements of ESEF based on the evidence we have obtained. We conducted our reasonable 
assurance engagement in accordance with International Standard on Assurance Engagements 3000 (Revised), Assurance Engagements 
Other than Audits or Reviews of Historical Financial Information (ISAE 3000) issued by the International Auditing and Assurance Standards 
Board. 

A reasonable assurance engagement in accordance with ISAE 3000 involves performing procedures to obtain evidence about compliance 
with ESEF. The nature, timing and extend of procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks 
of material departures from the requirements set out in ESEF, whether due to fraud or error. A reasonable assurance engagement includes: 

▪ 

▪ 

▪ 

▪ 

obtaining an understanding of the Company’s process for preparation of the digital files in accordance with ESEF, including 
relevant internal controls; 

reconciling the digital files including the marked up data with the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company to 
be submitted in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by EU and also with the consolidated 
financial statements submitted in accordance with Ministry of Finance Order 2844/2016 with subsequent amendments; 

evaluating if all financial statements contained in the consolidated annual report have been prepared in a valid XHTML format; 

evaluating if iXbrl mark-ups, including the voluntary mark-ups comply with the requirements of ESEF. 

We believe that the evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our conclusion. 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2022 included in the annual financial report in the 
Digital Files, comply in all materials respects with the requirements of ESEF. 

In this section, we do not express an audit opinion, review conclusion or any other assurance conclusion on the consolidated financial 
statements. Our audit opinion relating to the consolidated financial statements of the Group for the year ended 31 December 2022 is set 
out in the section Report on the audit of the consolidated financial statements above. 

Răzvan Ungureanu, Statutory Auditor 

For signature, please refer to the original signed 
Romanian version. 

Registered in the Electronic Public Register of Financial  
Auditors and Audit Firms under AF 4866 

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482

On behalf of: 

DELOITTE AUDIT SRL 

Registered in the Electronic Public Register of Financial  
Auditors and Audit Firms under FA 25 

The Mark Building, 84-98 and 100-102 Calea Griviței, 9th Floor, District 1 
Bucharest, Romania 
March 27, 2023 

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483

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of the Management

484

485

Statement of the Management

Based on the best available information, we confirm that the consolidated financial 

statements reviewed and audited for the period ended 31 December 2022 prepared in ac-

cordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  as  adopted  by  the  European 

Union (“IFRS-EU”), provides an accurate and real image regarding the Electrica Group’s fi-

nancial position, the financial performance and the cash flows, as required by the applicable 

accounting standards, and that this Report, prepared in accordance with art. 63 of the law 

no. 24/2017 on issuers of financial instruments and market operations and to annex no. 15 

to ASF Regulation no. 5/2018 for the period ended 31 December 2022, comprises accurate 

and real information regarding the Group’s development and performance.

Based on the best available information, we confirm that the consolidated financial 

statements reviewed and audited for the period ended 31 December 2022 prepared in ac-

cordance with OMFP 2844/2016 for the approval of the Accounting Regulations in accor-

dance with the International Financial Reporting Standards adopted by the European Union 

with  subsequent  changes,  provides  an  accurate  and  real  image  regarding  the  Electrica 

Group’s financial position, the financial performance and the cash flows, as required by the 

applicable accounting standards, and that this Report, prepared in accordance with art. 63 

of  the  law  no.  24/2017  on  issuers  of  financial  instruments  and  market  operations  and  to 

annex no. 15 to ASF Regulation no. 5/2018 for the period ended 31 December 2022, compri-

ses accurate and real information regarding the Group’s development and performance.

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Chair of the Board of Directors,

Iulian Cristian BOSOANCA

Chief Executive Officer,

Alexandru-Aurelian CHIRITA

Chief Financial Officer,

Stefan Alexandru FRANGULEA 

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