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Stuart Olson Inc.

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FY2018 Annual Report · Stuart Olson Inc.
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2018 Annual Report - Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
March 5, 2019 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

About Stuart Olson Inc. ................................................... 2 

Capital Resources ......................................................... 24 

2018 Overview ................................................................. 4 

Dividends ...................................................................... 26 

Strategy ........................................................................... 7 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements ................................. 26 

2019 Outlook ................................................................... 9 

Quarterly Financial Information ..................................... 27 

Acquisition of Tartan ...................................................... 10 

Critical Accounting Estimates ....................................... 29 

Results of Operations .................................................... 11 

Changes in Accounting Policies .................................... 36 

Consolidated Annual Results ........................................ 11 

Financial Instruments .................................................... 39 

Consolidated Q4 Results ............................................... 13 

Risks.............................................................................. 41 

Results of Operations by Group .................................... 15 

Non-IFRS Measures ..................................................... 47 

Liquidity .......................................................................... 22 

Forward-Looking Information ........................................ 54 

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) of the consolidated operating performance and financial condition of Stuart Olson Inc. 
(“Stuart Olson”, the “Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”) for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2018, dated March 5, 2019, should be read 
in conjunction with the December 31, 2018 Audited Consolidated Annual Financial Statements and related notes thereto, the December 31, 2017 
Audited Consolidated Annual Financial Statements and related notes thereto, and the December 31, 2017 MD&A. Additional information relating to 
Stuart  Olson  is  available  under  the  Company’s  SEDAR  profile  at  www.sedar.com  and  on  our  website  at  www.stuartolson.com.  Unless  otherwise 
specified,  all  amounts  are  expressed  in  Canadian  dollars.  The  information  presented  in  this  MD&A,  including  information  relating  to  comparative 
periods in 2017 and 2016, is presented in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) unless otherwise noted. 

Certain measures in this MD&A do not have any standardized meaning as prescribed by  IFRS and, therefore, are considered non-IFRS measures. 
These  non-IFRS measures  are commonly  used  in  the construction  industry,  and  by management  of  Stuart  Olson  Inc.,  as  alternative methods for 
assessing operating results and to provide a consistent basis of comparison between periods. These measures are not in accordance with IFRS, and 
do not have any standardized meaning. Therefore, the non-IFRS measures in this MD&A are unlikely to be comparable to similar measures used by 
other entities. Non-IFRS measures include: contract income margin; work-in-hand; backlog; active backlog; book-to-bill ratio; working capital; adjusted 
free cash flow (“FCF”); adjusted free cash flow per share; adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“adjusted EBITDA”); 
adjusted EBITDA margin; long-term indebtedness; indebtedness to capitalization; net long-term indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA; interest coverage; 
dividend payout ratio; available liquidity; additional borrowing capacity; and debt to EBITDA. Further information regarding these measures can be 
found in the “Non-IFRS Measures” section of this MD&A. 

We encourage readers to read the “Forward-Looking Information” section at the end of this document. 

1 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ABOUT STUART OLSON INC. 

Stuart Olson provides public, private and industrial construction services to a diverse range of customers from Ontario 
to British Columbia.  

The branding of our three operating groups is organized as follows: 

Industrial Group 
The Industrial Group operates under the general contracting brand of Stuart Olson and under our endorsed brands of 
Laird, Tartan, Studon, Northern, Fuller Austin and Sigma Power. The Industrial Group executes projects in a wide range 
of industrial sectors including oil and gas, petrochemical, refining, water and wastewater, pulp and paper, mining and 
power. With Industrial Group offices and projects across Western Canada, Ontario and the territories, we have developed 
a national platform to deliver industrial services. 

The  Industrial  Group  increasingly  operates  as  an  integrated  industrial  contractor,  capable  of  self-performing  larger 
projects in the industrial construction and maintenance, repairs and operations (“MRO”) space. The Industrial Group 
provides full-service general contracting, including mechanical, process insulation, metal siding and cladding, heating, 
ventilating and air conditioning (“HVAC”), asbestos abatement, electrical and instrumentation, high voltage testing and 
commissioning, as well as power line construction and maintenance services. 

2 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
Buildings Group 
Our  Buildings  Group  provides  services  to  clients  in  the  public  and  private  sectors.  It  operates  offices  and  executes 
projects from Ontario to British Columbia. 

Projects undertaken by the Buildings Group include the construction, expansion and renovation of buildings ranging from 
schools, post-secondary institutions, hospitals and sports arenas, to high-rise office towers, retail and high technology 
facilities. The Buildings Group focuses on alternative methods of project delivery such as construction management and 
design-build approaches. These methods provide cost effective construction solutions for clients as a result of the project 
efficiencies we are able to generate during our pre-construction process as well as during the lifecycle of the project. 
These approaches also support our ability to deliver on-time and on-budget project completion, assist us in building long-
term relationships with clients, reduce project execution risk and improve our contract margins. The group adds value to 
projects through its state-of-the-art Centre for Building Performance, which positions the Buildings Group on the cutting 
edge of building technology and enables the delivery of value by design. 

The  majority  of  revenue  generated  by  the  Buildings  Group  is  from  repeat  clients  or  arises  through  pre-qualification 
processes and select invitational tenders. The Buildings Group’s business model is  primarily to pursue and negotiate 
larger contracts on a construction management or design-build basis, as well as to selectively pursue lump sum projects. 
The Buildings Group subcontracts approximately 85% of its project work to subcontractors and suppliers and closely 
manages the construction process to deliver on its commitments. 

Commercial Systems Group  
The Commercial Systems Group is one of the largest electrical and data system contractors in Canada, with offices and 
projects from Ontario to British Columbia. The group is an industry leader in the provision of complex systems used in 
today’s  high-tech,  high  performance  buildings.  It  not  only  designs,  builds  and  installs  a  building’s  core  electrical 
infrastructure,  it  also  provides  the  services  and  systems  that  support  information  management,  building  systems 
integration, energy management, green data centres, security, risk management and lifecycle services. Additionally, the 
Commercial Systems Group provides ongoing maintenance and on-call service to customers across Canada, managing 
regional  and  national  multi-site  installations  and  roll  outs  via  dedicated  service  technicians  and  a  contractor  partner 
network in Eastern Canada.  

The  Commercial  Systems  Group  focuses  primarily  on  large,  complex  projects  that  contain  both  data  and  electrical 
components, or that require extensive logistical expertise. The group’s strategy is to deliver these services on a tendered 
(hard-bid) basis and as part of an integrated project delivery process that includes close involvement with customers 
from  the  earliest  stages  of  design.  It  is  also  an  industry  leader  in  the  use  of  off-site  assembly  of  pre-fabricated 
modularized system components, which significantly improves worksite productivity. 

3 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
2018 OVERVIEW 

Revenue ($ millions)

Adjusted EBITDA Margin (%)

Adjusted EBITDA ($ millions)

$1,017.3 

$966.4 

$913.5 

3.5%

3.5%

3.7%

$32.1 

$36.0 

$36.1 

2016

2017

2018

2016

2017

2018

2016

2017

2018

Financial Overview 
  We generated consolidated revenue of $966.4 million in 2018, compared to $1,017.3 million in 2017. The year-over-
year change reflects a decline in Buildings Group activity levels associated with a greater proportion of projects being 
in lower-activity stages of construction in 2018, combined with the completion of two large Industrial Group projects 
that  were  in  high  activity  phases  in  2017.  These  impacts  were  partially  offset  by  significantly  higher  revenue 
contributions  from  the  Commercial  Systems  Group  as  it  continued  to  benefit  from  the  significant  project  awards 
secured in 2017, along with meaningful revenue contributed from the group’s new operations in Ontario. 

  Adjusted EBITDA increased to $36.1 million, from $36.0 million in 2017. Adjusted EBITDA margin also increased to 
3.7% from 3.5% in 2017, reflecting increased margins on certain Buildings Group and Industrial Group projects that 
were  completed  in  2018,  together  with  a  year-over-year  reduction  in  incentive  accruals,  partially  offset  by  lower 
adjusted EBITDA from the Commercial Systems Group. 

  We recorded net earnings of $5.4 million (diluted earnings per share, or “EPS”, of $0.19), as compared to $9.6 million 
(diluted  EPS  of  $0.35)  in  2017.  The  recognition  of  costs  related  to  restructuring,  investing  and  other  one-time 
activities  in  2018,  were  key  factors  in  this  change,  and  compares  to  a  recovery  recognized  in  2017  related  to 
restructuring activities. 

  We generated adjusted free cash flow of $19.5 million ($0.71 per share) in 2018, a decrease of $4.4 million from 

$23.9 million ($0.88 per share) in 2017, primarily reflecting lower net earnings. 

  We  ended  2018  with  a  cash  balance  of  $25.9  million  and  additional  borrowing  capacity  of  approximately  $71.5 
million, providing us with combined available liquidity of $97.4 million. This compares to combined available liquidity 
of $153.9 million as at December 31, 2017, which included $31.7 million of cash and $122.2 million of additional 
borrowing capacity. The change in combined available liquidity primarily relates to the use of cash and a draw on 
our Revolving Credit Facility (“Revolver”) to fund investments in working capital required for ordinary operations and 
normal course final project adjustments and the acquisition of Tartan Canada Corporation (“Tartan”) in November of 
2018. Also contributing to the year-over-year change in available liquidity was a decline in last-twelve-month (“LTM”) 
Revolver EBITDA, which differs from our calculation of reported adjusted EBITDA primarily with respect to the timing 
of recognition of certain expenditures. 

  Our net long-term indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA ratio was 2.8x as at December 31, 2018, or 2.6x on a pro forma 
basis inclusive of Tartan’s LTM adjusted EBITDA. This compares to 1.7x at December 31, 2017. This change in 
leverage reflects the draw on our Revolver in order to fund working capital requirements, as well as the impact of 
debt financing related to the Tartan acquisition in 2018. 

4 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Earnings ($ millions)

Diluted EPS ($ per share)

Adjusted FCF ($ per share)

$9.6 

$5.4 

$0.35 

$0.19 

$0.88 

$0.71 

2016
$(2.2)

2017

2018

2016
$(0.08)

2017

2018

2016
$(0.01)

2017

2018

  On March 5, 2019, our Board of Directors (“Board”) declared a quarterly common share dividend of $0.06 per share. 
The dividend is designated as an eligible dividend under the Income Tax Act (Canada) and is payable April 16, 2019 
to shareholders of record on March 29, 2019. 

o 

In  order to pursue the significant number of federal and provincial infrastructure projects that we are actively 
bidding  on,  and  consistent  with  our  strategy  of  diversifying  our  project  delivery  model  to  include  larger 
design-build projects and projects with increasing scope and scale, we have decided to reduce the quarterly 
dividend to $0.06 per share. This will bring our dividend metrics more in line with our peers while giving us 
a stronger balance sheet and improving our ability to win major new projects, pursue growth opportunities 
and create shareholder value. 

o  Since  the  introduction  of  the  quarterly  dividend  in  June  2011,  we  have  paid  a  dividend  for  thirty-two 
consecutive quarters, including the dividend declared today. This represents $3.78 per share or $97.8 million 
in total, returned to shareholders. 

o  On a pro forma basis, had the $0.06 per share quarterly dividend been in place throughout 2018, the dividend 

payout ratio would have been reduced from 55.4% to 27.7%. 

  We negotiated the following amendments to our Revolver: 

o  On November 28, 2018 we amended the terms to enable us to enter into equity hedging agreements.  
o  Subsequent to year-end on March 5, 2019, we further amended the terms of the facility to: 1) temporarily 
increase the debt to EBITDA covenant to provide us with the optionality to use the Revolver to fully settle 
the repayment of our $80.5 million convertible debentures in 2019, 2) exclude certain non-cash interest costs 
from the calculation of our interest coverage ratio covenant, 3) minimize any adverse impacts to covenant 
calculations from the adoption of IFRS 16, and 4) exclude costs related to certain shareholder activities from 
the definition of EBITDA. 

Operational Highlights 

  We ended the year with a backlog of $1.6 billion, which includes a diverse mix of public, private and industrial projects 
from Ontario to British Columbia and is predominantly made up of low-risk contract arrangements. During 2018, we 
added approximately $825 million to our backlog comprising: 

o  $460 million from the Buildings Group including three large post-secondary institution projects in Ontario, a 
large  agricultural  facility  in  Western  Canada,  the  expansion  of  an  event  centre  in  Alberta,  a  health  care 
facility in British Columbia and several horizontal infrastructure projects in British Columbia. 

o  $200  million  from  the  Commercial  Systems  Group  comprised  of  numerous  projects,  including  several 
residential  towers  in  British  Columbia  and  Winnipeg,  an  agricultural  facility  in  British  Columbia,  and  the 
design and revitalization of post-secondary institutions in Alberta and British Columbia. 

o  $165 million from the Industrial Group, including the $64.1 million of backlog added as part of the acquisition 
of Tartan, as  well as several  insulation and electrical  projects in the petrochemical, oil sands  and power 
sectors. 

5 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  On November 6, 2018 we acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of Tartan, a privately held industrial 
services provider in Western Canada, for a purchase price of approximately $12 million. Tartan specializes in the 
provision of mechanical maintenance services to the oil and gas, pulp and paper, petrochemical and power sectors. 
The acquisition expands the Industrial Group’s access to a larger share of the industrial market, both in terms of 
mechanical and general contracting opportunities, and Tartan is expected to provide a meaningful contribution to 
Stuart Olson’s 2019 results as the business is integrated into the Industrial Group. Please refer to our November 6, 
2018  press  release  labeled  “Stuart  Olson  Completes  Acquisition  of  Tartan  Canada  Corporation”  for  additional 
information on this acquisition. 

  We announced a number of changes to our Board of Directors in 2018, including the appointments of Raymond D. 

Crossley, David C. Filmon and Mary C. Hemmingsen, as directors. 

  Subsequent  to  year-end,  Stuart  Olson  was  recognized  as  one  of  Alberta's  Top  Employers  in  2019  for  the  third 

consecutive year. 

Net Long-term Indebtedness to 
Adjusted EBITDA

2.7x

2.8x

Available Liquidity ($ millions)

Backlog ($ billions)

$153.9 

$97.4 

$2.0 

$1.7 

$1.6 

1.7x

$86.2 

2016

2017

2018(1)

2016

2017

2018

2016

2017

2018

Note:  (1) 2018 net long-term indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA was 2.6x on a pro forma basis inclusive of Tartan’s LTM adjusted EBITDA. 

6 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGY 

Vision 
Our vision is to become a top five construction and services company in Canada. We will have the size, scope and scale 
to respond to and withstand market shifts and challenging economic conditions. This will also increase our participation 
in the largest and most complex projects in Canada. 

As  we  work  towards  achieving  our  vision,  we  will  continue  to  be  a  top-tier  construction  and  services  provider  in  the 
sectors and geographic regions we serve, both in size and in reputation. We will also continue to attract top talent as a 
result  of  our  inspiring,  people-first  culture,  company-wide  values  and  best-in-class  safety  environment,  which  are  all 
rooted in our commitment to our “Promise” to positively impact the businesses we serve, the communities in which we 
operate and the lives we touch. We are “People Creating Progress”. 

Foundation is Built 
During the last four years, we have worked to redefine our organization and position our business for long-term success. 
The result is a company and culture that is equipped to service the ever-changing needs of our core clients, target new 
opportunities and effectively respond to the volatility of the marketplace and emerging trends. 

In 2014, we recognized that it was critical to streamline our brand and simplify our organization in order to strengthen 
our competitive advantage and ensure that the marketplace had a better understanding of who we are and what we do. 
We changed our name to Stuart Olson Inc. in that same year and began to rebrand all of our major subsidiaries. 

Since 2014, we have become a more focused and integrated organization under one name, and have taken the important 
and necessary steps to refocus and rebrand our organization both internally and externally. At the same time, we have 
been  steadily  diversifying  our  business,  both  geographically  and  by  sector,  to  reduce  volatility  and  create  new 
opportunities. 

Growth Strategy 
Going forward, we will continue to build a business that can adapt to changing market conditions, industry drivers and 
client  needs,  while  continuing  to  diversify  geographically.  To  stay  abreast  of  market  conditions  and  create  value  for 
shareholders, we plan to execute a growth strategy that will target the addition of complementary trade services, such 
as mechanical, into either or both of the Industrial Group and the Commercial Systems Group. This initiative is a two-
pronged  approach.  In  addition  to  investing  internally  in  the  organic  growth  of  services,  we  have  an  active  corporate 
development  function  that  is  pursuing  the  addition  of  services  via  accretive  acquisitions.  Ensuring  we  are  able  to 
capitalize on the right opportunity to complete our service offerings and increase our competitive advantage is critical to 
our growth strategy. 

Investment Proposition 
Our planned national platform, sector-diversified portfolio and full suite of services, together with a focus on operational 
excellence, will provide the size, scope, and scale necessary to deliver meaningful  adjusted EBITDA growth that will 
unlock shareholder value, both through share price appreciation and an attractive quarterly dividend, all supported by a 
strong balance sheet. 

7 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
Strategic Priorities 

Grow the Core and Expand into New Markets 

 

Industrial Group – Integrated Solutions Provider: The Industrial Group is a national MRO service provider and 
industrial  general  contractor.  The  group  plans  to  drive  growth  by  expanding  its  market  share  through  the 
diversification  of  its  business,  including  into  new  sectors  and  through  the  addition  of  complementary  trade 
services. Progress was achieved on this priority with the acquisition of Tartan in the fourth quarter of 2018.  
  Buildings  Group  –  Leverage  Growth  Platform:  The  Buildings  Group  is  a  leading  provider  of  construction 
management (“CM”) services for public and private developers from  Ontario to British Columbia. The group’s 
strategic priorities are focused on increasing market share in existing regions by leveraging its proven expertise 
as a leader in CM and design-build delivery methods. In addition, the group plans to grow market access through 
a calculated expansion of its delivery models into Public, Private Partnership (“P3”), and Design-Build-Finance 
projects, and execute a targeted entry into the horizontal infrastructure sector. 

  Commercial Systems Group – Electrical & Mechanical Contractor: The Commercial Systems Group is a top-tier 
provider of electrical services from Ontario to British Columbia. This group’s growth strategy is to further expand 
its geographic reach in existing core regions in Western Canada, as well as in its new Ontario market. The group 
also  plans  growth  through  the  pairing  of  complementary  mechanical  capabilities  with  its  industry-leading 
electrical base business, both organically and through the addition of complementary trade services. 

8 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
2019 OUTLOOK 

Implementation of IFRS 16 - Leases 
Beginning in fiscal 2019 we will be adopting IFRS 16 – Leases, which will result in a significant change to the way certain 
leases are measured and presented in our financial results. The new standard includes a reclassification of a meaningful 
amount  of  facility  costs  from  rent  expense  (which  is  included  as  a  cost  in  the  calculation  of  adjusted  EBITDA),  to 
depreciation and interest (which is excluded as a cost in the calculation of adjusted EBITDA). While the new standard 
will impact our calculation of adjusted EBITDA, it will not result in a change to net earnings over the life of each lease.  

We will be adopting this new standard on a cumulative catch-up basis, meaning that our 2018 results will not be restated 
for 2019. As such, our outlook below reflects a comparison of our expected 2019 results under the new IFRS 16 lease 
standard to the amounts reported for 2018 under the previous standard. We currently estimate that $6.5 to $7.5 million 
of lease costs previously directly expensed will become depreciation and interest under the new standard. Please refer 
to the “Changes in Accounting Policies” section of this MD&A for further details of this change. 

Stuart Olson Consolidated 
On a full-year basis, we expect 2019 consolidated contract revenue and adjusted EBITDA to be significantly higher, and 
adjusted EBITDA margin to be slightly lower than in 2018, based on the outlooks for each of our operating groups below. 
Excluding  the  changes  in  accounting  from  the  adoption  of  IFRS  16,  we  expect  consolidated  adjusted  EBITDA  to  be 
modestly higher year-over-year. 

While we do not ordinarily provide a quarterly outlook, we are including an outlook for our first quarter results due to the 
combined negative impacts of the continued oil price volatility and mandatory Alberta oil production curtailment on capital 
spending by our integrated oil sands customers in the first part of 2019, together with a significant first quarter shift in 
project mix and stage of completion as compared to the same period last year. Accordingly, while we expect full-year 
results to improve, we expect first quarter consolidated 2019 contract revenue to be meaningfully lower than in Q1 2018, 
with significantly lower adjusted EBITDA and meaningfully lower adjusted EBITDA margin results. 

We expect capital expenditures for 2019, excluding leased right of use assets recognized under IFRS 16, to be between 
$5.0 million and $6.5 million. 

Industrial Group 
On a full-year basis, revenue and adjusted EBITDA from the Industrial Group is expected to be significantly higher in the 
2019 fiscal year as compared to 2018. This outlook reflects a robust pipeline of construction opportunities for the group, 
together with the addition of a full year of revenue and adjusted EBITDA contribution from the recently acquired Tartan 
business, as well as an increase to adjusted EBITDA from the adoption of IFRS 16. Adjusted EBITDA margin for the 
group  is  expected  to  be  meaningfully  lower  year-over-year,  reflecting  last  year’s  completion  of  major  projects  that 
contributed significant close-out margins to 2018 results.  

Industrial Group results for the first quarter of 2019 are expected to reflect the  reduction in planned oil sands capital 
spending related to both the negative impact on our integrated oil sands customers of the imposed mandatory Alberta 
production cuts and a volatile benchmark Western Canadian Select oil price, combined with a year-over-year shift in 
project mix and stage of completion. As a result, we anticipate that the Industrial Group’s first quarter revenue, adjusted 
EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin will be significantly lower as compared to the first quarter of 2018. 

We expect to execute approximately $230.0 million of the Industrial Group’s December 31, 2018 backlog in 2019. New 
contract awards and changes in scope are expected to supplement the group’s 2019 revenue from year-end backlog. 

9 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
Buildings Group 
For the fiscal 2019 year, the Buildings Group anticipates significantly higher revenue and meaningfully higher adjusted 
EBITDA year-over-year on the basis of increased revenue and the impact of IFRS 16, paired with a modest decline in 
adjusted EBITDA margin. This outlook reflects a robust pipeline of opportunities for the group in 2019, combined with a 
greater proportion of projects in higher-activity but lower-margin stages of completion in 2019. 

First  quarter  2019  Buildings  Group  results  are  expected  to  include  slightly  lower  year-over-year  revenue  with 
meaningfully higher adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin as a result of the shift in project mix and stage of 
completion. 

We expect to execute approximately $440.0 million of the Buildings Group’s December 31, 2018 backlog in 2019. New 
awards and scope increases on existing projects are expected to supplement revenue from secured projects in backlog. 

Commercial Systems Group 
On a full-year basis, Commercial Systems Group 2019 revenue is expected to  be slightly  higher  than in 2018,  while 
adjusted  EBITDA  and  adjusted  EBITDA  margin  are  expected  to  be  significantly  higher  as  productivity  challenges 
experienced in 2018 are not expected to repeat. The group’s adjusted EBITDA will also increase related to the adoption 
of IFRS 16. 

In the first quarter of 2019, the completion of several lower-margin projects, together with a significant shift in project mix 
and stage of completion, is expected to result in meaningfully lower revenue and significantly lower adjusted EBITDA 
and adjusted EBITDA margin as compared to the first quarter of 2018. 

The Commercial Systems Group expects to execute approximately $115.0 million of its December 31, 2018 backlog in 
2019. New awards, short-duration projects, building maintenance and tenant improvement work on existing projects are 
expected to supplement the secured projects in backlog.  

Corporate Group 
We expect Corporate Group adjusted EBITDA to decline significantly in 2019 as compared to 2018. This impact relates 
to both a significant reduction in share-based compensation expense that occurred in 2018 as a result of a decrease in 
our  share  price  in  the  year,  as  well  as  an  expected  increase  in  2019  incentive  accruals  relating  to  the  anticipated 
improvement in operating performance. The Corporate Group also will benefit from the impact of adopting IFRS 16. 

We expect first quarter Corporate Group adjusted EBITDA to significantly improve year-over-year, reflecting the changes 
in accounting from adopting IFRS 16 and a shift in timing related to incentive plan accruals. 

ACQUISITION OF TARTAN 

On November 6,  2018  we  acquired 100% of the issued and  outstanding shares of  Tartan, a  privately held industrial 
services provider in Western Canada, specializing in the provision of mechanical maintenance services to the oil and 
gas, pulp and paper, petrochemical and power sectors. Our reported results for the Industrial Group and consolidated 
Stuart Olson include Tartan’s results from the acquisition date. For further information on the acquisition of Tartan, please 
refer to Note 5 of our December 31, 2018 Audited Consolidated Annual Financial Statements. 

10 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

Consolidated Annual Results 

$millions, except percentages and per share amounts 

2018 

2017 

2016(2) 

Year ended December 31 

Contract revenue 

Contract income 

Contract income margin(1) 

Administrative costs 

Adjusted EBITDA(1) (2) 

Adjusted EBITDA margin(1) (2) 

Net earnings (loss) 

Earnings (loss) per share 

Basic earnings (loss) per share 

Diluted earnings (loss) per share 

Dividends declared per share 

Adjusted free cash flow(1) 

Adjusted free cash flow per share(1) 

$millions 

Backlog(1) 

Working capital(1) (3) 

Long-term debt (excluding current portion) 

Convertible debentures (excluding equity portion) (3) 

Total assets 

966.4  

96.1 

9.9% 

79.8 

36.1 

3.7% 

5.4 

0.19 

0.19 

0.42  

19.5 

0.71 

1,017.3  

103.9 

10.2% 

83.1 

36.0 

3.5% 

9.6 

0.35 

0.35 

0.48  

23.9 

0.88 

913.5 

92.4 

10.1% 

86.5 

32.1 

3.5% 

(2.2) 

(0.08) 

(0.08) 

0.48  

(0.2) 

(0.01) 

Dec. 31, 2018 

Dec. 31, 2017 

Dec. 31, 2016 

1,567.4 

(10.9) 

43.1 

78.2 

625.3 

1,721.4 

1,995.1 

33.1 

6.0 

76.2 

630.3 

37.4 

32.8 

74.3 

602.2 

Notes: 

(1) “Contract income margin”, “adjusted EBITDA”, “adjusted EBITDA margin”, “adjusted free cash flow”, “adjusted free cash flow per share”, 
“backlog” and “working capital” are non-IFRS measures. Please refer to “Non-IFRS Measures” for definitions of these terms. 
(2) During Q4 2018, we changed our definition of Adjusted EBITDA to exclude costs related to certain shareholder activities. This change in 
definition has not had an impact on the calculations for the years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. Please refer to the 
“Non-IFRS Measures” section of this MD&A for more information on our definition and the calculation. 
(3) The convertible debentures issued in 2014 are presented as a current liability of $78.2 million as at December 31, 2018. 

Consolidated Annual Results 
For the year ended December 31, 2018, we generated consolidated contract revenue of $966.4 million, as compared to 
$1,017.3  million  in  2017.  While  the  Commercial  Systems  Group  increased  revenue  by  $46.4  million  or  24.8%  and 
intersegment revenue eliminated on consolidation was $29.0 million or 63.7% lower year-over-year, these gains were 
offset by an $88.4 million or 16.3% decrease in revenue from the Buildings Group and a $37.9 million or 11.3% decrease 
from the Industrial Group. 

11 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We achieved contract income  of $96.1 million in 2018, a $7.8 million or  7.5% decrease from $103.9 million in 2017. 
Contract  income  declined  by  $4.0  million  or  16.6%  in  the  Commercial  Systems  Group,  $2.6  million  or  6.7%  in  the 
Industrial Group and $1.3 million or 3.1% in the Buildings Group. 

We lowered full-year administrative costs by $3.3 million or 4.0% to $79.8 million, from $83.1 million in 2017. Industrial 
Group administrative costs were $3.1 million or 14.9% lower year-over-year and Corporate Group administrative costs 
decreased  by  $2.5  million  or  8.6%.  These  improvements  were  partially  offset  by  a  $1.2  million  or  6.0%  increase  in 
administrative costs in the Buildings Group and a $1.1 million or 8.5% increase in the Commercial Systems Group. The 
Corporate Group costs for the period reflect a significant decrease in incentive compensation accruals year-over-year, 
including a decrease in share-based compensation expense.  

Adjusted  EBITDA  increased  to  $36.1  million  in  2018,  from  the  $36.0  million  in  2017.  The  $0.1  million  or  0.3% 
improvement primarily reflects administrative cost savings. Adjusted EBITDA margin increased to 3.7% from the 3.5% 
achieved in 2017. 

We  generated  full-year  consolidated  net  earnings  of $5.4  million  (diluted  EPS  of  $0.19)  as  compared  to  $9.6  million 
(diluted EPS of $0.35) in 2017. The $4.2 million or 43.8% change in net earnings primarily reflects an increase in finance 
costs in 2018 associated with increases to the Canadian prime lending rate, combined with the 2018 recognition of costs 
related  to  restructuring,  investing  and  other  one-time  activities,  as  compared  to  a  2017  recovery  of  costs  related  to 
restructuring activities. 

We generated adjusted free cash flow of $19.5 million ($0.71 per share) in 2018, as compared to $23.9 million ($0.88 
per  share)  in  2017.  The  $4.4  million  ($0.17  per  share)  decrease  was  driven  primarily  by  lower  contract  income  and 
increased cash payments related to interest, share-based compensation, and restructuring costs. These impacts were 
partially offset by the collection of a tax refund in 2018 (related to prior years) as compared to final balance tax payments 
made in 2017. 

12 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Q4 Results 

$millions, except percentages and per share amounts 

Contract revenue 

Contract income 

Contract income margin(1) 

Administrative costs 

Adjusted EBITDA(1) (2) 

Adjusted EBITDA margin(1) (2) 

Net (loss) earnings 

(Loss) earnings per share 

Basic (loss) earnings per share 

Diluted (loss) earnings per share 

Dividends declared per share 

Adjusted free cash flow(1) 

Adjusted free cash flow per share(1) 

Three months ended 
December 31 

2018 

2017 

227.6  

21.6 

9.5% 

20.9 

7.2 

3.2% 

(1.3) 

(0.05) 

(0.05) 

0.06  

(0.2) 

(0.01) 

282.6  

34.7 

12.3% 

25.2 

11.5 

4.1% 

5.7 

0.21 

0.18 

0.12  

10.4 

0.38 

Notes: 

(1) “Contract income margin”, “adjusted EBITDA”, “adjusted EBITDA margin”, “adjusted free cash flow”, “adjusted free cash flow per share”, 
“backlog” and “working capital” are non-IFRS measures. Refer to “Non-IFRS Measures” for definitions of these terms. 
(2) During Q4 2018, we changed our definition of Adjusted EBITDA to exclude costs related to certain shareholder activities. This change in 
definition has not had an impact to the calculation for the quarter ended December 31, 2017. Please refer to the “Non-IFRS Measures” 
section of this MD&A for more information on our definition and the calculation. 

Three-Month Results 
For  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2018,  we  generated  consolidated  contract  revenue  of  $227.6  million,  as 
compared to $282.6 million in Q4 2017. While intersegment revenue eliminated on consolidation was $11.6 million or 
92.1%  lower  year-over-year, this  was offset by revenue decreases of $37.1 million or  36.8%  in the Industrial Group, 
$25.5 million or 18.8% in the Buildings Group and $4.0 million or 6.8% in the Commercial Systems Group. 

Fourth quarter contract income was $21.6 million in 2018, as compared to $34.7 million in Q4 2017. Contract income 
declined by $5.9 million or 59.6% in the Commercial Systems Group, $5.1 million or 39.5% in the Industrial Group and 
$2.1 million or 17.6% in the Buildings Group. 

We reduced administrative costs by $4.3 million or 17.1% to $20.9 million in Q4 2018, from $25.2 million in the same 
period of 2017. Corporate Group administrative costs were $5.6 million or 44.4% lower, in part due to a significant year-
over-year decrease in incentive compensation accruals. We also achieved administrative cost savings of $0.9 million or 
15.8% in the Industrial Group. These administrative cost savings  were  partially  offset by  increases of $1.9 million or 
54.3% in the Buildings Group and $0.2 million or 5.9% in the Commercial Systems Group. The increase in Buildings 
Group costs reflects a significant recovery recorded in Q4 2017 related to previously expensed restructuring costs, which 
did not repeat in the 2018 quarter. 

13 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the three months ended December 31, 2018, we generated adjusted EBITDA of $7.2 million, as compared to $11.5 
million  in  Q4  2017.  The  year-over-year  change  reflects  the  net  impact  of  lower  contract  income  and  reduced 
administrative costs explained above (before the impact of an increase in costs related to restructuring, investing and 
other one-time activities in Q4 2018, which are excluded from the calculation of adjusted EBITDA). Adjusted EBITDA 
margin decreased to 3.2%, from the 4.1% achieved in the same period last year. 

We recorded a consolidated net loss of $1.3 million (diluted loss per share of $0.05) in the fourth quarter of 2018. This 
compares to net earnings of $5.7 million (diluted earnings per share of $0.18) in the same period last year. The $7.0 
million change in after-tax earnings primarily reflects the lower adjusted EBITDA, combined with the Q4 2018 recognition 
of costs related to restructuring, investing and other one-time activities, as compared to the Q4 2017 recovery related to 
restructuring activities. 

Adjusted free cash flow declined to an outflow of $0.2 million (outflow of $0.01 per share) in the fourth quarter of 2018, 
from $10.4 million ($0.38 per share) in the same period last year. The year-over-year change was driven primarily by the 
decline in net earnings and an increase in cash payments in respect of interest, restructuring, acquisition and other one-
time costs, as well as the required funding of legacy pension plans. 

Consolidated Backlog 

$millions, except percentages 

Industrial Group 

Buildings Group 

Commercial Systems Group 

Consolidated backlog 

Cost-plus  

Construction management  

Design-build 

Tendered (hard-bid) 

Dec. 31, 2018 

Dec. 31, 2017 

538.2 

813.1 

216.1 

668.7  

802.3 

250.4 

1,567.4 

1,721.4 

32.7%  

39.4%  

0.7% 

27.2% 

36.0% 

40.2% 

3.0% 

20.8% 

Consolidated backlog as at December 31, 2018 was $1,567.4 million, a decrease of $154.0 million or 8.9% from backlog 
of $1,721.4 million at December 31, 2017. As at December 31, 2018, backlog consisted of work-in-hand of $884.0 million 
(December 31, 2017 - $853.3 million) and active backlog of $683.4 million (December 31, 2017 - $868.1 million). The 
backlog  consists  of  approximately  32.7%  cost-plus  arrangements,  39.4%  construction  management  contracts,  0.7% 
design-build  contracts  and  27.2%  tendered  (hard-bid)  work.  The  majority  of  our  backlog  (72.1%)  is  comprised  of 
construction management and cost-plus arrangements, which are low-risk project delivery methods. Net new contract 
awards and increases in contract values of $210.7 million and $812.5 million were added to backlog in the fourth quarter 
and fiscal 2018, respectively. 

Our  book-to-bill  ratios  for  the  fourth  quarter  and  fiscal  2018  were  0.64  and  0.77  to  1.00,  respectively,  excluding  the 
approximately $64.1 million of backlog added as part of the Tartan acquisition in the fourth quarter. Revenue exceeded 
backlog additions in both periods primarily due to the Industrial Group working through its long-term MRO contracts and 
the significant increase in activity levels for the Commercial Systems Group as its works through its record December 
31, 2017 backlog. 

14 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS BY GROUP 

Industrial Group Results 

$millions, except percentages 

2018 

2017 

2018 

2017 

Three months ended 

December 31 

Year ended 

December 31 

Contract revenue 

Contract income 

Contract income margin(1) 

Administrative costs 

Adjusted EBITDA(1) 

Adjusted EBITDA margin(1) 

Earnings before tax (“EBT”) 

Backlog(1)  

63.7 

7.8 

12.2% 

4.8 

4.2 

6.6% 

3.1 

2018 

100.8 

12.9 

12.8% 

5.7 

8.7 

8.6% 

7.3 

297.3 

36.0 

12.1% 

17.7 

22.7 

7.6% 

18.4 

335.2  

38.6 

11.5% 

20.8 

23.2 

6.9% 

18.1 

2017  Dec. 31 2018  Dec. 31 2017 

538.2 

668.7 

Note: 

(1) “Contract income margin”, “adjusted EBITDA”, “adjusted EBITDA margin” and “backlog” are non-IFRS measures. Please refer to the 
“Non-IFRS Measures” section of this document for definitions of these terms. 

Three-Month Results 
For the three months ended December 31, 2018, the Industrial Group generated revenue of $63.7 million, a $37.1 million 
or 36.8% decrease from $100.8 million executed in Q4 2017. The year-over-year change primarily reflects the completion 
of two large projects that contributed significant revenue to Q4 2017 results, partially offset by revenue contributed by 
Tartan from the November 6, 2018 acquisition date. 

Fourth quarter contract income from the Industrial Group was $7.8 million, as compared to $12.9 million in Q4 2017. The 
$5.1 million or 39.5% decrease primarily reflects the lower revenue. Contract income margin decreased to 12.2% from 
12.8% in the fourth quarter of 2017, primarily reflecting a decline in operational leverage as a result of the lower activity 
levels in 2018. This was partially offset by contract income earned by Tartan subsequent to the acquisition date.  

Fourth quarter administrative costs decreased 15.8% to $4.8 million, from $5.7 million in 2017. The $0.9 million in savings 
were achieved in conjunction with the centralization in 2018 of support functions and their related costs into the Corporate 
Group as part of our strategy to realign our businesses for greater operational efficiencies. Also benefitting Q4 2018 was 
a year-over-year reduction in restructuring costs and bad debt expense. 

Fourth quarter adjusted EBITDA from the Industrial Group was $4.2 million, as compared to $8.7 million during the same 
period of 2017. The $4.5 million or 51.7% decrease primarily reflects the net effect of the lower contract income, partially 
offset  by  administrative  cost  savings.  The  Industrial  Group’s  fourth  quarter  adjusted  EBITDA  margin  was  6.6%,  as 
compared to 8.6% in Q4 2017. 

Fourth quarter earnings before tax were $3.1 million, as compared to $7.3 million in Q4 2017. The $4.2 million or 57.5% 
change was driven primarily by the lower adjusted EBITDA. 

15 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Twelve-Month Results 
For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018,  the  Industrial  Group  generated  revenue  of  $297.3  million,  as  compared  to 
$335.2 million in 2017. The $37.9 million or 11.3% decrease reflects the completion in 2018 of two large construction 
projects that were in high activity phases in 2017, partially offset by revenue contributed by Tartan from the November 
6, 2018 acquisition date.  

Contract income from the Industrial Group was $36.0 million (12.1% contract income margin) in 2018, as compared to 
$38.6 million (11.5% contract income margin) in 2017. The $2.6 million or 6.7% change was due primarily to the lower 
revenue, partially offset by the combination of increased margins recognized on certain projects completed in 2018 and 
contract income earned by Tartan after the acquisition date.  

The Industrial Group lowered administrative costs by 14.9% to $17.7 million for the  year  ended December 31, 2018, 
from  $20.8  million  in  2017.  The  $3.1  million  savings  were  achieved  in  conjunction  with  the  centralization  in  2018  of 
support functions and their related costs into the Corporate Group as part of our strategy  to realign our businesses for 
greater operational efficiencies. Also benefitting 2018 was a year-over-year reduction in restructuring costs and bad debt 
expense. 

Adjusted EBITDA was $22.7 million (7.6% adjusted EBITDA margin) in 2018, a decline of 2.2% from $23.2 million (6.9% 
adjusted  EBITDA  margin)  in  2017.  The  $0.5  million  decrease  primarily  reflects  the  lower  contract  income,  offset  by 
administrative cost savings (before the impact of restructuring and depreciation costs).  

Earnings before tax increased 1.7% to $18.4 million, from $18.1 million in 2017. The $0.3 million improvement was driven 
primarily by a year-over-year reduction in depreciation expense. 

Industrial Group Backlog 
As at December 31, 2018, Industrial Group backlog was $538.2 million, as compared to $668.7 million as at December 
31, 2017. The decline of 19.5% or $130.5 million reflects the group working through  its long-term MRO agreements, 
partially offset by the addition of $64.1 million of backlog related to our November 6, 2018 acquisition of Tartan. As at 
December 31, 2018, 92.6% of the Industrial Group’s backlog was composed of cost-plus projects and 7.4% was tendered 
(hard-bid) projects. The December 31, 2018 backlog consisted of $231.0 million of work-in-hand and $307.2 million of 
active backlog, compared to $235.2 million of work-in-hand and $433.5 million of active backlog as at December 31, 
2017. Excluding the acquired Tartan backlog, the Industrial Group added $102.6 million to backlog during 2018, and 
executed $297.3 million of contract revenue. 

16 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Buildings Group Results 

$millions, except percentages 

2018 

2017 

2018 

2017 

Three months ended 

December 31 

Year ended 

December 31 

Contract revenue 

Contract income 

Contract income margin(1) 

Administrative costs 

Adjusted EBITDA(1) 

Adjusted EBITDA margin(1) 

Earnings before tax 

Backlog(1)  

110.1 

9.8 

8.9% 

5.4 

4.8 

4.4% 

4.7 

2018 

135.6 

11.9 

8.8% 

3.5 

6.4 

4.7% 

8.6 

452.4 

40.0 

8.8% 

21.2 

20.2 

4.5% 

19.7 

540.8 

41.3 

7.6% 

20.0 

20.5 

3.8% 

21.8 

2017  Dec. 31 2018  Dec. 31 2017 

813.1 

802.3 

Note: 

(1) “Contract income margin”, “adjusted EBITDA”, “adjusted EBITDA margin” and “backlog” are non-IFRS measures. Please refer to the 
“Non-IFRS Measures” section of this document for definitions of these terms. 

Three-Month Results 
For the three months ended December 31, 2018, the Buildings Group generated revenue of $110.1 million, as compared 
to $135.6 million in the same period of 2017. The $25.5 million or 18.8% decrease was due primarily to a shift in project 
stage of completion, with a greater proportion of projects in lower activity construction phases during the Q4 2018 period.  

Fourth quarter contract income was $9.8 million (8.9% contract income margin), as compared to $11.9 million (8.8% 
contract income margin) during the same period in 2017. The $2.1 million or 17.6% decrease primarily reflects the lower 
revenue.  

Administrative costs for the Buildings Group increased to $5.4 million, from $3.5 million in Q4 2017. The $1.9 million or 
54.3% change primarily reflects  a significant reversal  of restructuring costs recognized in Q4  2017 as the  result of a 
reassessment of our facilities strategy and a consolidation from multiple facilities into a single larger space. The impact 
of this 2017 recovery was partially offset by a Q4 2018 reduction in costs related to the 2018 centralization of support 
functions into the Corporate Group as we continue to realign our businesses for greater operational efficiencies. 

We generated fourth quarter adjusted EBITDA of $4.8 million (4.4% adjusted  EBITDA margin), as compared to $6.4 
million (4.7% adjusted EBITDA margin) last year. The $1.6 million or 25.0% decrease primarily reflects lower contract 
income, partially offset by administrative cost savings (before the impact of restructuring and depreciation costs). 

Earnings before tax  from the Buildings Group  was $4.7 million in the fourth quarter of 2018, a $3.9 million or 45.3% 
decrease from $8.6 million in the same period of 2017. The decline was driven primarily by lower adjusted EBITDA and 
the year-over-year change in restructuring costs. 

17 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Twelve-Month Results 
For fiscal 2018, the Buildings Group generated revenue of $452.4 million, which compares to $540.8 million in 2017. 
The $88.4 million or 16.3% decrease is due primarily to a shift in project stage of completion, with a greater proportion 
of projects in lower-activity stages of construction in 2018. 

Contract  income  decreased  3.1%  to  $40.0  million  (8.8%  contract  income  margin),  from  $41.3  million  (7.6%  contract 
income margin) in 2017. The $1.3 million change primarily reflects lower revenue, partially offset by increased contract 
income margin related to higher margins on a number of projects that approached completion in 2018. 

Administrative costs of $21.2 million in 2018 were $1.2 million or 6.0% higher than the $20.0 million reported in 2017. 
The  year-over-year  increase  primarily  reflects  a  significant  reversal  of  restructuring  costs  in  2017  as  a  result  of  a 
reassessment of our facilities strategy and a consolidation from multiple facilities into a single larger space. This was 
partially  offset  by  the  centralization  in  2018  of  support  functions  into  the  Corporate  Group  in  conjunction  with  the 
realignment of our businesses for greater operational efficiencies. 

Adjusted EBITDA from the Buildings Group decreased slightly to $20.2 million (4.5% adjusted EBITDA margin) for the 
year ended December 31, 2018, from $20.5 million (3.8% adjusted EBITDA margin) in 2017. The $0.3 million or 1.5% 
change  primarily  reflects  lower  contract  income,  partially  offset  by  administrative  cost  savings  (before  the  impact  of 
restructuring and depreciation costs). 

We generated earnings before tax of $19.7 million in 2018, down $2.1 million or 9.6% from $21.8 million in 2017. The 
decrease primarily reflects the year-over-year change in restructuring costs.  

Buildings Group Backlog 
As at December 31, 2018, the Buildings Group’s backlog increased to $813.1 million, from $802.3 million as at December 
31, 2017. The $10.8 million or 1.3% increase reflects the award of numerous projects throughout the year, including the 
award  of  several  horizontal  infrastructure  projects  primarily  in  British  Columbia,  together  with  a  number  of  new 
institutional  project awards in the group’s Ontario market. As at December 31, 2018, 75.9% of the Buildings Group’s 
backlog was composed of CM assignments and  24.1% was tendered (hard-bid) projects. The group’s December 31, 
2018  backlog  consisted  of  $444.1  million  of  work-in-hand  and  $369.0  million  of  active  backlog,  compared  to  $379.8 
million of work-in-hand and $422.5 million of active backlog as at December 31, 2017. The Buildings Group executed 
$452.4 million of contract revenue in 2018 and added $463.2 million of new work to backlog. 

18 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
Commercial Systems Group Results 

$millions, except percentages 

2018 

2017 

2018 

2017 

Three months ended 

December 31 

Year ended 

December 31 

Contract revenue 

Contract income 

Contract income margin(1) 

Administrative costs 

Adjusted EBITDA(1) 

Adjusted EBITDA margin(1) 

Earnings before tax 

Backlog(1)  

54.8 

4.0 

7.3% 

3.6 

0.8 

1.5% 

0.4 

2018 

58.8 

9.9 

16.8% 

3.4 

6.9 

11.7% 

6.6 

233.2 

20.1 

8.6% 

14.0 

8.3 

3.6% 

6.4 

186.8 

24.1 

12.9% 

12.9 

13.1 

7.0% 

11.4 

2017  Dec. 31 2018  Dec. 31 2017 

216.1 

250.4 

Note: 

(1) “Contract income margin”, “adjusted EBITDA”,  “adjusted EBITDA margin” and “backlog” are non-IFRS measures. Please refer to the 
“Non-IFRS Measures” section of this document for definitions of these terms. 

Three-Month Results 
For the three months ended December 31, 2018, the Commercial Systems Group generated revenue of $54.8 million, 
as compared to $58.8 million in Q4 2017. This $4.0 million or 6.8% decrease is partially due to a shift in project mix and 
stage of completion between the two periods. 

Fourth quarter contract income was $4.0 million (contract income margin of 7.3%), as compared to $9.9 million (contract 
income margin of 16.8%) in Q4 2017. These results also reflect the shift in project stage of completion, with more projects 
in early stages in 2018. Project margins were also lower than normal due to competitive pricing pressures as a result of 
market shifts in the group’s busiest region (Alberta) and margin expectations in the group’s new Ontario geography that 
are lower than historical levels in legacy markets. The Commercial Systems Group was also impacted by productivity 
challenges on certain projects in Q4 2018. 

Administrative costs in the fourth quarter increased slightly to $3.6 million, from $3.4 million in Q4 2017. This $0.2 million 
or 5.9% increase reflects a shift in the timing of certain expenses as compared to prior years. 

Adjusted EBITDA from the Commercial Systems Group was $0.8 million (1.5% adjusted EBITDA margin) in the fourth 
quarter of 2018, as compared to $6.9 million (11.7% adjusted EBITDA margin) in Q4 2017. The $6.1 million change 
primarily reflects the lower contract income. 

Commercial Systems Group generated fourth quarter earnings before tax of $0.4 million, as compared to $6.6 million 
during the same period in 2017. The $6.2 million decline was mainly due to the change in adjusted EBITDA. 

Twelve-Month Results 
For the year ended December 31, 2018, Commercial Systems Group revenue climbed significantly to $233.2 million, 
from $186.8 million in 2017. This $46.4 million or 24.8% increase was achieved as the group continued to benefit from 
the  significant  project  awards  it  secured  in  2017,  with  substantial  revenue  contribution  provided  by  the  group’s 
established Alberta offices as well as its new operations in Ontario. 

19 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal 2018 contract income  was $20.1  million (8.6%  contract income margin), as compared to $24.1 million (12.9% 
contract income margin) in 2017. The $4.0 million or 16.6% decrease  was primarily due to a shift in project stage of 
completion, with more projects in early stages in 2018. Project margins were also lower than normal due to competitive 
pricing  pressures  as  a  result  of  market  shifts  in  the  group’s  busiest  region  (Alberta)  and  margin  expectations  in  the 
group’s new Ontario geography that are lower than historical levels in legacy markets. The group was also impacted by 
productivity challenges on certain projects in 2018. 

Administrative costs increased to $14.0 million in 2018, from $12.9 million in 2017. This $1.1 million or 8.5% increase 
reflects investments in the group’s expansion into new geographic regions, including Ontario, in 2018, combined with an 
increase in restructuring costs in 2018 related to a further realignment of the group’s business. 

The  Commercial  Systems  Group  generated  adjusted  EBITDA  of  $8.3  million  (3.6%  adjusted  EBITDA  margin),  as 
compared to $13.1 million (7.0% adjusted EBITDA margin) in 2017. The $4.8 million or 36.6% change primarily reflects 
the  lower  contract  income and  higher  administrative  costs  (before  the  impact  of restructuring  costs  and  depreciation 
expense). 

Earnings before tax were $6.4 million in 2018, as compared to $11.4 million in 2017. The $5.0 million or 43.9% change 
was mainly due to the decrease in adjusted EBITDA. 

Commercial Systems Group Backlog 
As at December 31, 2018, the Commercial Systems Group’s backlog was $216.1 million, down $34.3 million or 13.7% 
from $250.4 million as at December 31, 2017. The decrease reflects the ramp up in the group’s activity levels as it works 
through its record December 31, 2017 backlog. As at December 31, 2018, the Commercial Systems Group’s backlog 
was  composed  of  6.8%  cost-plus  projects,  4.5%  design-build  projects  and  88.7%  tendered  (hard-bid)  projects.  The 
December 31, 2018 backlog consisted of $208.9 million of work-in-hand and $7.2 million of active backlog, compared to 
$238.3 million of work-in-hand and $12.1 million of active backlog as at December 31, 2017. The Commercial Systems 
Group executed $233.2 million of construction activity during 2018 and added $198.8 million to backlog in 2018, including 
project awards related to several residential towers in British Columbia and work in the group’s growing Ontario market. 

Corporate Group Results 

$millions 

Administrative costs 

Finance costs 

Adjusted EBITDA(1)(2) 

Loss before tax 

Three months ended 

December 31 

Year ended 

December 31 

2018 

2017 

2018 

2017 

7.0 

2.6 

(2.7) 

(9.6) 

12.6 

2.2 

(10.5) 

(14.7) 

26.7 

9.7 

(15.1) 

(36.3) 

29.2 

8.8 

(21.0) 

(37.9) 

Notes: 

(1) “Adjusted EBITDA” is a non-IFRS measure. Please refer to the “Non-IFRS Measures” section of this document for the definition of the 
term. 
(2) During Q4 2018, we changed our definition of Adjusted EBITDA to exclude costs related to certain shareholder activities. This change in 
definition  has  not  had  an  impact to  the  calculations for the  year  and  quarter  ended  December  31,  2017. Please  refer  to the  “Non-IFRS 
Measures” section of this MD&A for more information on our definition and the calculation. 

20 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three-Month Results 
For the three months ended December 31, 2018, Corporate Group administrative costs decreased to $7.0 million, from 
$12.6 million in the  fourth  quarter  of 2017. This $5.6  million  or 44.4% improvement reflects a significant decrease in 
incentive  compensation  accruals,  including  a  reduction  in  share-based  compensation  expense  as  the  result  of  a 
decrease in our share price in 2018. This was partially offset by an increase in Corporate Group costs related to  the 
centralization  of  support  functions  and  their  related  costs  into  this  group  in  conjunction  with  the  realignment  of  our 
businesses to generate operational efficiencies. 

Fourth quarter 2018 Corporate Group finance costs were $2.6 million, an increase of $0.4 million or 18.2% from the $2.2 
million incurred during the same period last  year. The higher finance costs reflect an increase in our long-term debt, 
together with increases in the Canadian prime lending rate. 

The Corporate Group recorded a fourth quarter adjusted EBITDA loss of $2.7 million, compared to a loss of $10.5 million 
in  Q4  2017.  The  $7.8  million  or  74.3%  improvement  primarily  reflects  the  lower  administrative  costs,  before  the 
restructuring,  investing,  and  other  one-time  activities  recorded  as  part  of  administrative  costs  in  Q4  2018  which  are 
excluded from adjusted EBITDA. 

The Corporate Group incurred a fourth quarter 2018 loss before tax of $9.6 million, compared to a loss before tax of 
$14.7 million in the comparable period of 2017. The $5.1 million or 34.7% improvement was primarily due to the reduction 
in administrative costs, partially offset by higher finance costs.  

Twelve-Month Results 
For the  year  ended December 31, 2018, Corporate  Group administrative expenses  decreased to $26.7  million, from 
$29.2 million in 2017. The $2.5 million or 8.6% savings primarily reflects a decrease in incentive compensation accruals, 
including a reduction in share-based compensation expense as a result of a decrease in our share price in 2018. The 
decrease in administrative costs was partially offset by the centralization of support functions and their related costs into 
the Corporate Group in conjunction with the realignment of our businesses to generate operational efficiencies, together 
with increased costs related to restructuring, investing and other one-time activities in 2018. 

Corporate Group finance costs were $9.7 million in 2018, reflecting an increase of $0.9 million or 10.2% from the $8.8 
million incurred  last  year.  The higher finance costs reflect a  year-over-year  increase  in long-term debt, together  with 
increases in the Canadian prime lending rate. 

Fiscal 2018 Corporate Group adjusted EBITDA declined to a loss of $15.1 million from a loss of $21.0 million in 2017. 
The $5.9 million or 28.1% improvement primarily reflects the decrease in administrative costs, before the restructuring, 
investing and other one-time activities recorded as part of administrative costs in 2018, which are excluded from adjusted 
EBITDA. 

For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Corporate Group incurred a loss before tax of $36.3 million, representing 
savings of $1.6 million or  4.2% compared to  a loss before tax of $37.9 million  in 2017. This result reflects the lower 
administrative costs, partially offset by the increase in finance costs. 

21 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
LIQUIDITY 

Cash and Borrowing Capacity 
We  monitor  our  liquidity  principally  through  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  available  borrowing  capacity  under  our 
Revolver. 

Current cash and cash equivalents as at December 31, 2018 were $25.9 million, reflecting a $5.8 million reduction from 
the $31.7 million held at December 31, 2017. The change reflects an investment of cash into non-cash working capital 
in 2018. Please refer to the “Capital Resources” section of this MD&A for a detailed explanation. 

As at December 31, 2018, we had additional borrowing capacity under the Revolver of $71.5 million, compared to $122.2 
million as at December 31, 2017. This change is related to an increase in long-term indebtedness, which is explained in 
detail below, and a $5.0 million decrease in LTM Revolver EBITDA, which differs from our calculation of reported adjusted 
EBITDA primarily with respect to the timing of when certain expenses are recognized. 

Debt and Capital Structure 
Long-term indebtedness, including the current portion of long-term debt and convertible debentures, increased to $128.2 
million as at December 31, 2018, from $91.1 million as at December 31, 2017. The $37.1 million change reflects an 
increase in our Revolver balance to fund a number of investments in working capital in 2018, including the funding of 
working capital required for ordinary operations and normal course final project adjustments, as well as the purchase of 
Tartan. 

Long-term  indebtedness  consists  of  $80.5  million  (December  31,  2017  -  $80.5  million)  principal  value  at  maturity  of 
outstanding convertible debentures and the principal value of long-term debt of $47.7 million (December 31, 2017 - $10.6 
million) before the deduction of deferred financing fees for accounting purposes. 

The current portion of long-term debt as at December 31, 2018 was $3.0 million (December 31, 2017 - $2.5 million). 

We monitor our capital structure through the use of indebtedness to capitalization and net long-term indebtedness to 
adjusted EBITDA metrics. Indebtedness to capitalization as at December 31, 2018 was 38.9%, higher than the 30.6% 
ratio as at December 31, 2017 but within our long-term targeted range of 20.0% to 40.0%. The higher ratio as compared 
to year-end reflects the increase in long-term indebtedness. 

$millions, except percentages 

Convertible debentures, liability component for accounting purposes 

Convertible debentures, unamortized accretion and deferred financing fees 

Long-term debt, including current portion 

Long-term debt, unamortized deferred financing fees 

Total long-term indebtedness (principal value) 

Total long-term indebtedness (principal value) 

Add:   Total equity 

Divided by: Total capitalization 

Indebtedness to capitalization percentage 

22 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

Actual as at 
Dec. 31, 2018 

Actual as at 
Dec. 31, 2017 

78.2 

2.3 

46.1 

1.6 

128.2 

128.2 

201.2 

329.4 

38.9% 

76.2 

4.3 

8.5 

2.1 

91.1 

91.1 

206.4 

297.5 

30.6% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As at December 31, 2018, our net long-term indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA (“net debt to adjusted EBITDA”) ratio 
was 2.8x, or 2.6x on a pro forma basis inclusive of Tartan’s LTM adjusted EBITDA. This compares to 1.7x ratio as at 
December  31,  2017.  The  year-over-year  change  reflects  the  draw  on  our  Revolver  in  order  to  fund  working  capital 
requirements and the acquisition of Tartan. This metric is within our target range of 2.0x to 3.0x. 

$millions, except ratio 

Total long-term indebtedness (principal value) 

Less:  Cash on hand 

Net long-term indebtedness 

Divided by: LTM adjusted EBITDA 

Net long-term indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA 

Actual as at 
Dec. 31, 2018 

Actual as at 
Dec. 31, 2017 

128.2 

(25.9) 

102.3 

36.1 

2.8x 

91.1 

(31.7) 

59.4 

36.0 

1.7x 

As at December 31, 2018, we were in full compliance with covenants under the Revolver agreement. 

Ratio 

Interest coverage 

Debt to EBITDA 

Covenant 

>3.00:1.00 

<3.25:1.00 

Actual as at  
Dec. 31, 2018 

3.53 

1.19 

The outstanding balance under the Revolver fluctuates from quarter-to-quarter as it is drawn to finance working capital 
requirements, capital expenditures and acquisitions, and is repaid with funds from operations, dispositions or financing 
activities. 

Revolver Amendments 
On November 28, 2018, we amended the terms of our credit facility to enable us to execute equity hedging agreements. 

Subsequent to the year-end, on March 5, 2019, we negotiated an additional amendment to improve a number of the 
terms of our Revolver Agreement, including 1) a temporary increase in the debt to EBITDA covenant to provide us with 
the optionality to use the Revolver to fully settle the repayment of our $80.5 million convertible debentures in 2019, 2) 
the exclusion of non-cash interest costs from the calculation of our interest coverage ratio covenant, and 3) a change in 
key covenant definitions to ensure that any potential negative impact from the adoption of IFRS 16 is minimized, and 4) 
exclude costs related to certain shareholder activities from the definition of EBITDA. 

The  amending  agreements  to  the  Revolver  containing  all  of  the  foregoing  changes  and  certain  other  non-material 
changes are available under our SEDAR profile at www.sedar.com. 

23 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summary of Cash Flows 

$millions 

Operating activities 

Investing activities 

Financing activities 

Decrease in cash 

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period(1) 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period(1) 

Note: 

(1) Cash and cash equivalents includes restricted cash. 

Year ended 
December 31 

2018 

2017 

(13.8)  

(14.9) 

22.9 

(5.8) 

31.7 

25.9 

34.5  

(2.1) 

(32.2) 

0.2 

31.5 

31.7 

Cash  used  by  operating  activities  in  2018  was  $13.8  million  as  compared  to  cash  generated  of  $34.5  million  in  the 
comparable period of 2017. The $48.3 million change in cash flow from operating activities was driven primarily by a 
$44.5 million increased investment in non-cash working capital in 2018. These investments in working capital included 
the funding of working capital required for ordinary operations, the funding of normal course final project adjustments, 
and the usual payment of incentive compensation in the second quarter of the year. Also impacting the decline in non-
cash  working  capital  was  the  year-over-year  decline  in  net  earnings  and  an  increase  in  share-based  compensation 
settlements.  Partially  offsetting  this  use  of  cash  was  collection  of  a  tax  refund  in  2018  (related  to  prior-years),  as 
compared to final tax balance payments made in 2017.  

Cash  used  by  investing  activities  in  2018  was  $14.9  million,  as  compared  to  $2.1  million  in  2017.  The  $12.8  million 
increase in cash used primarily reflects consideration related to our 2018 acquisition of Tartan. 

Cash  generated  from  financing  activities  totalled  $22.9  million  in  2018,  an  increase  from  the  $32.2  million  used  in 
financing activities in 2017. The $55.1 million year-over-year change reflects a draw on our Revolver in 2018 in order to 
fund required investments in working capital and the acquisition of Tartan, together with the collection of a long-term 
service provider deposit in 2017 that did not re-occur in 2018. 

External Factors Impacting Liquidity 
Please refer to the “Risks” section of this document for a description of circumstances that could affect our sources of 
funding. 

CAPITAL RESOURCES 

Our  objectives  in  managing  capital  are  to  ensure  that  we  have  sufficient  liquidity  to  pursue  growth  objectives,  while 
maintaining a prudent amount of financial leverage. 

Capital is comprised of equity and long-term indebtedness, including convertible debentures. Our primary uses of capital 
are to finance operations, execute growth strategies and fund capital expenditure programs. 

Capital expenditures, including property, equipment and intangible assets, are associated with our need to maintain and 
support existing operations. We expect capital expenditures for 2019, excluding leased right of use assets recognized 
under IFRS 16, to be between $5.0 million and $6.5 million. 

24 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Working Capital 
As at December 31, 2018, we had negative working capital of $10.9 million, as compared to positive working capital of 
$33.1  million  as  at  December  31,  2017.  The  $44.0  million  decrease  in  working  capital  is  primarily  related  to  the 
reclassification of the  $78.2 million accounting balance  associated  with the 2014 convertible debentures  to a current 
liability  given  the  required  settlement  in  2019.  This  was  partially  offset  by  the  funding  of  working  capital  required  for 
ordinary operations and normal course final project adjustments.   

On the basis of current cash and cash equivalents, our ability to generate cash from operations and the undrawn portion 
of the Revolver, we believe we have the capital resources and liquidity necessary to meet our commitments, support 
operations, finance capital expenditures, support growth strategies and fund declared dividends. 

Contractual Obligations 
The following are our contractual financial obligations as at December 31, 2018. Interest payments on the Revolver have 
not been included in the table below as they are subject to variability based upon outstanding balances at various points 
throughout the year. Further information is included in Note 28(b)(iii) of the December 31, 2018 Audited Consolidated 
Annual Financial Statements. 

$thousands 

Carrying 
amount 

Contractual 
cash flows 

Not later 
than 1 year 

Later than 1 
year and 
less than 3 
years 

Later than 3 
years and 
less than 5 
years 

Later than 5 
years 

Trade and other payables 

$    196,127  $    196,127  $    196,127 

$             nil 

$             nil  $               nil 

Provisions, including current portion 

Convertible debentures (debt portion) 

Long-term debt, including current portion 
Operating lease commitments(1) 

10,055 

78,241 

46,101 

nil 

10,889 

85,330 

48,611 

44,762 

8,344 

85,330 

3,274 

7,235 

1,216 

nil 

43,001 

11,454 

661 

nil 

2,336 

11,454 

668 

nil 

nil 

14,619 

 $   330,524 

 $    385,719 

 $    300,310 

 $      55,671 

 $      14,451 

 $        15,287 

Note: 

(1) Includes sublease payments to be received related to operating lease commitments. Please refer to Note 32 of the Audited Consolidated 
Annual Financial Statements for further details. 

Scheduled long-term debt principal repayments due within one year of December 31, 2018 were $3.0 million (December 
31, 2017 - $2.5 million). 

Share Data 
As at December 31, 2018, we had 27,783,097 common shares issued and outstanding and 1,689,883 options convertible 
into common shares (December 31, 2017 - 27,370,727 common shares and 2,173,088 options). Please refer to Note 25 
and Note 26 of the December 31, 2018 Audited Consolidated Annual Financial Statements for further details. On January 
15, 2019, we issued 129,464 shares pursuant to our Dividend Reinvestment Plan (“DRIP”). The details pertaining to our 
DRIP are available on our website at www.stuartolson.com. As at March 5, 2019, we had 27,912,561 common shares 
issued and outstanding and 1,689,883 options convertible into common shares. 

The $80.5 million of  6.0%  convertible  debentures issued  in  September  2014 are convertible into  5,689,046 common 
shares, based on a conversion price of $14.15 per share. 

As at  December 31,  2018, shareholders’ equity  was  $200.8 million, compared to $206.4 million  as at December 31, 
2017. This $5.6 million decrease primarily reflects $13.3 million of dividends declared and a $0.7 million defined benefit 
plan actuarial loss, net of tax. This effect was partially offset by increases of $5.4 million from 2018 net earnings, $2.5 
million related to shares issued pursuant to the  DRIP, $0.2 million related to an increase in the share-based payment 
reserve, and $0.3 million related to common shares issued under our stock option plan. 

25 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
  
 
DIVIDENDS 

Declaration of Common Share Dividend 
On  March  5,  2019,  our  Board  of  Directors  declared  a  common  share  dividend  of  $0.06  per  share.  The  dividend  is 
designated as an eligible dividend under the Income Tax Act (Canada) and is payable April 16, 2019 to shareholders of 
record on March 29, 2019.  

In  order to pursue the significant number of federal and provincial infrastructure projects that we are actively bidding on, 
and consistent  with our strategy  of diversifying our project delivery model to include larger  design-build projects and 
projects with increasing scope and scale, we have decided to reduce the quarterly dividend to $0.06 per share. This will 
bring our dividend metrics more in line with our peers while giving us a stronger balance sheet and improving our ability 
to win major new projects, pursue growth opportunities and create shareholder value. We remain committed to returning 
capital to shareholders and ensuring our business has the ability to pursue our growth and diversification strategies. On 
a pro forma basis, had the $0.06 per share quarterly dividend been in place throughout 2018, the dividend payout ratio 
would have been reduced from 55.4% to 27.7%. 

We  also  maintain  a  DRIP,  details  of  which  are  available  on  our  website  (www.stuartolson.com).  Future  dividend 
payments  may  vary  depending  on  a  variety  of  factors  and  conditions,  including  overall  profitability,  debt  service 
requirements, operating costs, and other factors affecting cash flow. 

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS 

We had no off-balance sheet arrangements in place as at December 31, 2018. 

26 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

The following table sets out our selected quarterly financial information for the eight most recent quarters: 

2018 Quarter Ended: 

2017 Quarter Ended: 

$millions, except per share amounts 

Dec. 31 

Sep. 30 

Jun. 30 

Mar. 31 

Dec. 31 

Sep. 30 

Jun. 30 

Mar. 31 

Contract revenue 

Adjusted EBITDA(1) 

Net earnings (loss) 

Net earnings (loss) per common share 

Basic earnings (loss) per share 

Diluted earnings (loss) per share 

227.6 

223.7 

249.3 

265.9 

282.6 

268.1 

246.4 

220.1 

7.2 

(1.3) 

(0.05) 

(0.05) 

11.8 

3.9 

0.14 

0.12 

9.0 

1.1 

8.1 

1.6 

0.04 

0.04 

0.06 

0.06 

11.5 

5.7 

0.21 

0.18 

11.7 

3.6 

0.13 

0.11 

7.1 

0.5 

5.7 

(0.2) 

0.02 

0.02 

(0.01) 

(0.01) 

Note: 

(1) Adjusted EBITDA is a non-IFRS measure, please refer to the “Non-IFRS Measures” section of this document for its definition. Adjusted 
EBITDA is presented as calculated based on our current definition. Please refer to the “Non-IFRS Measures” section for more information 
on our definition and the calculation. 

Financial  results  for  the  second  quarter  of  2017  improved  compared  to  the  first  quarter  of  2017,  driven  by  seasonal 
activity level increases for the Industrial Group, together with a decrease in share-based compensation expense. The 
lower  share-based  compensation  expense  reflects  a  decline  in  our  share  price  in  the  second  quarter  of  2017,  as 
compared to slight share price appreciation in the first quarter. Partially offsetting the improvement in overall financial 
performance was lower adjusted EBITDA and earnings from the Buildings Group as a result of a change in project stage 
of completion. 

Third  quarter  2017  revenue  increased  compared  to  the  second  quarter  of  2017,  reflecting  seasonal  activity  level 
increases for the Industrial Group, together with projects in our Buildings Group entering peak construction phases and 
our Commercial Systems Group entering early stages of construction on their significant 2017 project awards. Adjusted 
EBITDA and net earnings increased materially quarter-over-quarter, primarily due to the increase in revenue and the 
release of Industrial Group project contingencies in the third quarter at a greater scale than in Q2 as a result of a number 
of projects entering later stages.  

Revenue for the fourth  quarter of 2017 increased compared to Q3 2017  due to  higher building  activity  levels for our 
Industrial Group and Commercial Systems Group. Notwithstanding the improved revenue, adjusted EBITDA declined 
slightly as a result of incentive compensation accruals by the Corporate Group, including marking-to-market of share-
based compensation liabilities. Net earnings improved during the quarter, with a recovery related to the reversal of the 
remaining balance of a 2016 onerous lease provision, offsetting the decline in adjusted EBITDA. 

Financial  results  for  the  first  quarter  of  2018  decreased  compared  to  the  fourth  quarter  of  2017,  primarily  reflecting 
seasonal activity level decreases for the Industrial Group, changes to project stage of completion for the Buildings Group 
and the Commercial Systems Group beginning to work through its significant 2017 project awards, which are in early 
stages of completion. 

27 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue decreased in the second quarter of 2018 as compared to the first quarter of 2018 as a result of a shift in project 
stage  of  completion,  with  an  increasing  proportion  of  Buildings  Group  projects  moving  into  final  stages  while  recent 
awards  were  still  in  lower-activity  early  stages.  Revenue  was  also  negatively  impacted  by  the  Commercial  Systems 
Group returning to more normal activity levels after record first quarter revenue. Notwithstanding the decline in revenue, 
adjusted EBITDA improved quarter-over-quarter as a result of strong project performance by the Industrial Group, with 
increased margins recognized  on certain projects nearing completion. Net earnings declined in the second quarter of 
2018 as a result of the recognition of $1.4 million of restructuring costs spread across all groups. 

Third quarter 2018 revenue decreased compared to the second quarter of 2018, reflecting an increasing proportion of 
Buildings Group projects in lower-activity early stages, combined with a reduced activity level for the Industrial Group. 
The change in Q3 2018 Industrial Group activity was driven by the completion of larger projects in the second quarter, 
as well as the completion of seasonal spring turnaround activity that benefitted second quarter results. Adjusted EBITDA 
and  net  earnings  increased  materially  quarter-over-quarter,  primarily  due  to  final  margins  being  recognized  on  the 
increasing proportion of projects nearing completion, together with a decrease in share-based compensation expense 
as a result of a decrease in our share price in Q3 2018. 

Notwithstanding a slight increase in revenue in the fourth quarter of 2018 compared to Q3 2018, adjusted EBITDA and 
net earnings decreased quarter-over-quarter, reflecting the recognition of higher margins in the third quarter as a number 
of projects neared completion. In addition, administrative costs increased in the fourth quarter, reflecting a lesser benefit 
from marking-to-market share-based compensation. Fourth quarter net earnings were also negatively impacted by the 
recognition of restructuring, investing, and other one-time costs. 

For a more detailed discussion and analysis of quarterly results prior to December 31, 2018, please review our 2018 and 
2017 annual and quarterly interim MD&As. 

28 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES 

Our financial statements include estimates and assumptions made by management  with respect to operating results, 
financial condition, contingencies, commitments and related disclosures. Actual results may vary from these estimates. 
The following are, in the opinion of management, the more significant estimates that have an impact on our financial 
condition and results of operations: 

Income taxes; 

  Convertible debentures; 
 
  Revenue, including the recognition of variable consideration; 
  Estimates used to determine costs in excess of billings and contract advances; 
  Estimates used to determine allowances for doubtful accounts or ongoing litigation; 
  Measurement of defined benefit pension obligations; 
  Estimates related to the useful lives and residual value of property and equipment; 
  Estimates in impairment of property and equipment, goodwill and intangible assets; 
  Estimates in amounts and timing of provisions; and 
  Assumptions used in share-based payment arrangements. 

Convertible Debentures 
Convertible  debentures  issued  by  Stuart  Olson  are  a  compound  financial  instrument  that  can  be  converted  to  share 
capital at the option of the holder, and the number of shares to be issued does not vary with changes in their value. 

The liability component of a compound financial instrument is recognized initially at the fair value of a similar liability that 
does not have an equity conversion option. The equity component is recognized initially at the difference between the 
fair value of the compound financial instrument as a  whole  and the fair  value of the liability component.  Any  directly 
attributable transaction costs are allocated to the liability and equity components in proportion to their carrying amounts. 
Subsequent to initial recognition, the liability component of a compound financial instrument is measured at amortized 
cost using the effective interest method. The equity component of a compound financial instrument is not re-measured 
subsequent to initial recognition.  

Interest, losses and gains relating to the financial liability component are recognized in profit or loss. Distributions to the 
equity holders are recognized in equity, net of any tax benefit. 

Income Taxes 
Income tax provisions, including deferred income tax assets and liabilities, may require estimates and interpretations of 
federal and provincial tax rules and regulations, and judgments as to their interpretation and application to our specific 
situation. Income tax provisions are estimated each quarter, updated each year-end to reflect actual differences and the 
impact  of  revenue  recognition  estimates,  and  then  finalized  during  the  preparation  of  the  tax  returns.  Any  changes 
between the quarterly estimates, the year-end provision, and the final filing position, may impact income tax expense, 
as well as income taxes recoverable, income taxes payable, deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability categories. 

Revenue, Including the Recognition of Variable Consideration 

Identification of a contract with a customer 

A contract with a customer exists when the contract is legally enforceable and all of the following criteria are met: 

  The contract is approved and the parties are committed to perform their respective obligations; 
  Each parties’ rights regarding the goods and services to be transferred can be identified; 
  The payment terms for the goods and services can be identified; 

29 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
  The contract has commercial substance, meaning the risk, timing or amount of our future cash flows is expected 

 

to change as a result of the contract; and  
It is probable that we will collect the consideration to which we will be entitled to in exchange for the goods or 
services that will be transferred to the customer. 

A contract does not exist if each party has the unilateral enforceable right to terminate a wholly unperformed contract 
without compensating the  other  party.  A contract is  wholly unperformed if we  have not  yet transferred any  promised 
goods or services to the customer and we have not yet received, and are not yet entitled to receive, any consideration 
in exchange for promised goods or services. 

When  determining  the  proper  revenue  recognition  method  for  contracts,  we  evaluate  whether  two  or  more  contracts 
should  be  combined  and  accounted  for  as  a  single  contract  and  whether  the  combined  or  single  contract  should  be 
accounted for as more than one performance obligation. This evaluation requires significant judgment and the decision 
to combine a group of contracts or to separate a single contract into multiple performance obligations could affect the 
amount of revenue and profit recorded in the reporting period. One or more contracts that are entered into at or near the 
same time, with the same customer, shall be combined as a single contract if one or more of the following criteria are 
met: 

  The contracts are negotiated as a package with a single commercial objective; 
  The amount of consideration to be paid in one contract depends on the price or performance of the other contract; 

and 

  The goods or services promised in the contracts represent a single performance obligation. 

Our revenue streams include construction contracts, service contracts and the sale of goods. Please refer to  Note 4 of 
the Audited Consolidated Annual Financial Statements for the allocation of total revenue to the revenue streams, along 
with the disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers by contract type.  

Identifying performance obligations in a contract 

Performance  obligations  are  those  distinct  services  or  goods  which  we  explicitly  or  implicitly  promises  to  provide  to 
customers. For most of our contracts, individual goods and services are integrated as inputs to deliver a combined output 
in  order  to  fulfill  our  promise  to  the  customer.  The  individual  goods  and  services  that  we  provide  are  often  highly 
dependent  and  interrelated.  As  a  result,  the  entire  contract  is  accounted  for  as  one  performance  obligation.  Less 
frequently, we may provide several distinct goods and services, in which case separate performance obligations would 
be identified.  

Determining the transaction price 

The transaction price is the amount of consideration that we are reasonably expected to be entitled to in exchange for 
transferring goods and services to a customer. We estimate the transaction price at contract inception, including any 
variable  consideration,  and  updates  the  estimate  each  reporting  period  for  any  changes  in  circumstances.  The 
transaction price may include the effects of fixed consideration, variable consideration, significant financing components, 
non-cash considerations and consideration payable to the customer. The majority of our contracts include information 
about  fixed  consideration  that  is  used  to  estimate  the  transaction  price.  Some  contracts,  particularly  master  service 
agreements and maintenance service contracts, do not specify the amount of fixed consideration at contract inception, 
but will have a transaction price assigned to it once a work order is issued. For the purpose of revenue recognition and 
disclosure, only the transaction price of secured work, as evidenced by work orders, would be included.  

30 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
Variable  consideration  includes  all  consideration  that  is  subject  to  uncertainty  for  reasons  other  than  collectability. 
Examples include discounts, rebates, refunds, credits, incentives, performance bonuses/penalties, contingencies, price 
concessions  or  other  similar  items.  These  variable  amounts  generally  are  awarded  upon  achievement  of  certain 
performance metrics, milestones or cost targets and can be based upon customer discretion. Variable consideration also 
includes change orders that have not been approved, as well as claims. Claims are amounts in excess of the agreed 
contract price, or amounts not included in the original contract price, that we seek to collect from customers for delays, 
errors in specifications and designs, contract terminations, change orders in dispute or unapproved as to both scope and 
price,  or  other  causes  of  unanticipated  additional  costs.  We  estimate  variable  consideration  by  applying  the  highly 
probable  threshold  to  either  the  most  likely  amount  or  expected  value  method,  depending  on  which  method  is  most 
appropriate for the contract type and circumstance. The method chosen is applied consistently throughout the contract 
and to similar types of contracts. The highly probable threshold is met when it is highly probable that the recognized 
revenue will not significantly reverse upon settlement of the variable consideration.   

Contract modifications occur when there is a change in contract specifications and requirements, and they create new, 
or change existing, enforceable rights and obligations under the contract. If the contract modification is for goods and 
services that are not distinct from the existing contract, the effect of the contract modification on the transaction price 
and the measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates, is recognized as a cumulative adjustment 
to revenue as either an increase or decrease in revenue. If the contract modification is for goods and services that are 
distinct from the existing contract and the pricing of the contract modification reflects the standalone selling price of the 
additional goods or services, then the contract modification is treated as a separate contract. 

Allocating the transaction price to performance obligations 

The transaction price must be allocated to the performance obligations in a contract. The majority of our contracts have 
one performance obligation. If a contract is separated into more than one performance obligation, the total transaction 
price is allocated to each performance obligation in an amount based on the estimated relative standalone selling prices 
of the promises goods or services underlying each performance obligation.  

Recognizing revenue when or as performance obligations are satisfied  

We typically transfers the control of goods or services, and satisfies performance obligations, over time. As a result of 
control passing over time, revenue is recognized based on the extent of progress towards completion of the performance 
obligation.  

Contract  revenue  includes  the  initial  amount  agreed  in  the  contract  plus  any  variations  in  contract  work,  claims  and 
incentive payments, to the extent that it is highly probable that they will result in revenue. As soon as the outcome of a 
construction contract can be estimated reliably, contract revenue is recognized in profit or loss in proportion to the stage 
of completion of the contract at the end of the reporting period. Contract expenses are recognized as incurred unless 
they create an asset related to future contract activity. When estimates of total costs to be incurred on a performance 
obligation exceed the total estimated revenue to be earned, a provision for the entire loss on the performance obligation 
is recognized in the period the loss is determined.   

Remaining performance obligations 

Remaining  performance  obligations  mean  the  total  value  of  work  that  has  not  yet  been  that  completed  that:  (a)  is 
assessed  by  us  as  having  a  high  certainty  of  being  performed,  either  by  the  existence  of  a  contract  or  work  order 
specifying job scope, value and timing, or (b) has been awarded to us, as evidenced by an executed letter of intent or 
agreement, describing the general job scope, value and timing of such work, and with the finalization of a formal contract 
respecting such work assessed by us as being reasonably assured. 

31 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
Estimates Used to Determine Costs in Excess of Billings and Contract Advances 

Costs in excess  of billings (contract assets) represent unbilled amounts expected to be collected from customers for 
contract work performed to date. The amount is measured at cost plus profit recognized to date less progress billings 
and recognized losses. Costs include  all expenditures directly related to specific projects. If progress billings exceed 
costs incurred plus recognized profits, the difference represents amounts collected in advance for contract work yet to 
be  performed  and  is  presented  as  contract  advances  and  unearned  income  (contract  liabilities)  in  the  Consolidated 
Statements of Financial Position. Variable consideration, to the extent not yet billed, is included as part of costs in excess 
of billings. Judgment is applied by management in measuring the amount of variable consideration meeting the highly 
probable threshold and there is inherent uncertainty with these amounts as they may be subject to negotiation. 

Costs in excess of billings are presented as a current asset in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position for all 
contracts in which costs incurred plus recognized profits exceeds the progress billings and the amounts are expected to 
be  billed  and  recovered  within  our  normal  operating  cycle.  The  operating  cycle  of  many  of  our  contracts  exceed  12 
months, depending on the type of project or the nature of services being provided. All contract assets and liabilities are 
classified as current, as they are expected to be settled within our normal operating cycle. 

Estimates Used to Determine Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 

We assess trade and other receivables for impairment on a case-by-case basis when they are past due or when objective 
evidence  is  received  that  a  customer  will  default.  We  take  into  consideration  the  customer’s  payment  history,  credit 
worthiness and the current economic environment in which the customer operates to assess impairment.  

Prior to accepting new customers, we assess the customer’s credit quality and establish the customer’s credit limit. We 
account for specific bad debt provisions when management considers that the expected recovery is less than the actual 
amount of the accounts receivable. 

Measurement of Defined Benefit Pension Obligations 

Fluctuations in the valuation of our defined benefit pension plans expose us to additional risk. Economic factors such as 
expected  long-term  rates-of-return  on  plan  assets,  discount  rates  and  future  salary  and  bonus  increases  will  cause 
volatility in the accrued benefit obligation. Please refer to  Note 3(d) and Note 12 to the Audited Consolidated Annual 
Financial Statements for further information. 

Estimates Related to the Useful Lives and Residual Value of Property and Equipment 

Items  of  property  and  equipment  are  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  accumulated  impairment 
losses.  

Costs include expenditures that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset. The cost of self-constructed assets 
includes the cost of materials and direct labour and any other costs directly attributable to bringing the assets to working 
condition for their intended use, the costs of dismantling and removing the items and restoring the site on which they are 
located, and borrowing costs on qualifying assets are also capitalized as part of property and equipment. 

Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition and construction or production of a qualifying asset form 
part  of  the  costs  of  the  asset.  Borrowing  costs  that  are  not  directly  attributable  to  the  acquisition,  construction  or 
production of a qualifying asset are recognized in profit or loss. 

Gains and losses on disposal of an item of property and equipment are determined by comparing the proceeds from 
disposal with the net carrying amount of property and equipment and are recognized within other income in profit or loss. 

32 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
The cost of replacing a part of an item of property and equipment is recognized in the carrying amount of the item if it is 
probable that the future economic benefits embodied within that part will flow to our company and its cost can be reliably 
measured. The carrying amount of the part replaced is derecognized. The costs of the day-to-day servicing of property 
and equipment are recognized in profit or loss when incurred. 

Depreciation  is  calculated  based  on  the  cost  of  an  asset  (or  deemed  cost)  less  its  residual  value.  Depreciation  is 
recognized for each significant component of an item of property and equipment.  

Depreciation is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings (Loss) on a straight-line basis over the estimated 
useful life of each asset. Leased assets are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and their estimated useful 
lives, unless it is reasonably certain that we will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term. The chosen method of 
depreciation has been selected based on the expected pattern of consumption of the economic benefits of the asset. 

The estimated useful lives of each class of property and equipment are as follows: 

Asset 

Land improvements 

Buildings and improvements 

Leasehold improvements 

Construction equipment 

Automotive equipment 

Basis 

Straight-line 

Straight-line 

Straight-line 

Straight-line 

Straight-line 

Office furniture and equipment 

Straight-line 

Computer Hardware 

Straight-line 

Useful Life 

30 years 

10 to 25 years 

Lesser of estimated useful life or lease term 

5 to 20 years 

5 years 

3 to 5 years 

1 to 4 years 

Depreciation  commences  when  the  asset  is  available  for  use  and  ceases  on  the  earliest  of  when  the  asset  is 
derecognized or classified as held-for-sale. Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each 
financial year end and adjusted where appropriate.  

Estimates in Impairment of Property and Equipment, Goodwill and Intangible Assets 
Goodwill is the residual amount that results when the purchase price of an acquired business exceeds the sum of the 
amounts  allocated  to  the  identifiable  assets  acquired  less  liabilities  assumed,  based  on  their  fair  values.  Goodwill  is 
allocated as of the date of the business combination. Goodwill is not amortized and is tested for impairment annually in 
the fourth quarter, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. 

Goodwill arose as a result of multiple past acquisitions. The Industrial Group’s goodwill stems from the Laird Electric Inc. 
acquisition  in  2003,  the  Studon  acquisition  in  2015  and  the  Tartan  acquisition  in  2018.  Goodwill  associated  with  the 
Buildings Group and the Commercial Systems Group arose from the Seacliff Construction Corp. acquisition in 2010. 
Additional goodwill was attributed to the Commercial Systems Group through the  McCaine Electric Ltd. acquisition in 
2011.  Goodwill  recognized  on  all  of  these  acquisitions  was  attributable  mainly  to  revenue  growth,  future  market 
development,  the  assembled  workforce  and  the  synergies  achieved  from  the  integration  of  acquired  companies  into 
existing construction, commercial and industrial services. 

During the fourth quarter of 2018, we performed our annual goodwill impairment test. The calculated business enterprise 
value for each of the Cash Generating Units (“CGUs”) incorporated the financial projections set out in the respective 
CGU’s strategic plans. The annual impairment review resulted in no impairment charge in the current year. 

33 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
Intangible  assets  are  comprised  of  Enterprise  Resource  Planning  (“ERP”)  and  other  computer  software  assets,  and 
assets related to the acquisition of a business, including backlog and agency contracts, customer relationships and trade 
names.  These  intangible  assets  are  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated  amortization  and  accumulated  impairment 
losses, if any. An impairment loss in respect of an intangible asset is calculated as the difference between its carrying 
amount and the present value of the estimated future cash flows discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate. 

The  recoverable  amounts  of  the  CGUs’  assets  were  determined  based  on  a  value-in-use  calculation.  There  is  a 
significant amount of uncertainty with respect to the estimates of the recoverable amounts of the CGUs’ assets given 
the necessity of making key economic assumptions about the future. The value-in-use calculation uses discounted cash 
flow projections which employ the following key assumptions: future cash flows, present and future discount rates, growth 
assumptions, including economic risk assumptions, and estimates of achieving key operating metrics and drivers. Stuart 
Olson management uses its best estimate to determine which key assumptions to use in the analysis. 

Key Impairment Assessment Assumptions 
The key assumptions in the value-in-use calculations to determine the recoverable amounts by CGU have been prepared 
using a four-year discounted cash flow analysis with a terminal value. The financial projections used for the discounted 
cash flow analysis were derived from our December 2018 strategic plan. 

A four-year period for the discounted cash flow analysis was used since financial projections beyond a four-year time 
period  are  generally  best  represented  by  a  terminal  value.  This  period  is  appropriate  given  the  timing  of  the  project 
backlog and the predictability of CGU cash  flows. Cash flows from growth opportunities are probability-weighted and 
relate to initiatives management expects to progress on in the medium-to long-term time frame. These cash flows require 
assumptions to be made regarding the likelihood of projects progressing and the future economics of those projects. 

The terminal value was calculated using an after-tax discount rate of 11.0% (2017 – 11.0%) and a steady annual growth 
rate of 2.0% (2017 – 2.0%) in the terminal year. The same discount rate has been used in each of the Company’s CGUs, 
given  the similarity  in the business and the fact that  business-specific risks were adjusted for in the forecasted cash 
flows. In addition, entity-specific risks were separately factored into each CGU forecast. They take into consideration 
market rates of return, capital structure, company size, industry risk and the after-tax cost of debt and equity.  

Estimates Associated with Amounts and Timing of Provisions 
Provisions for the expected cost of construction warranty obligations under construction contracts are recognized upon 
completion or substantial performance under the construction contract and represent the best estimate of the expenditure 
required to settle our obligation. 

Restructuring provisions relate to both ongoing operations and acquisitions, and are accrued when we demonstrate our 
commitment to implement a detailed restructuring plan. The amounts provided represent management’s best estimate 
of the costs of restructuring. 

Provisions  related  to  claims  and  disputes  arising  on  our  contracts  are  included  in  this  category.  The  timing  and 
measurement of the related cash flows are, by nature, uncertain and the amounts recorded reflect the best estimate of 
the expenditure required to settle the obligations. 

Subcontractor default provisions relate to management’s best estimate of exposures and costs associated with prior or 
existing subcontractor performance and the risk of potential default. We conduct a thorough review of the liability every 
reporting period and take into consideration our experience to date with those subcontractors, some of which are enrolled 
in our subcontractor default insurance program, and the changes to factors that tend to affect the construction sector.  

34 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
A provision for onerous contracts is recognized when the expected benefit from a contract is lower than the unavoidable 
cost of meeting the obligations under the contract. The provision is measured at the present value of the lower of the 
expected cost of terminating the contract and the expected net cost of continuing with the contract. Impairment losses 
on assets associated with the onerous contract are recognized prior to the provision being established. 

Assumptions Used in Share-Based Payment Arrangements 
The  grant  date  fair  value  of  equity-settled  share-based  payment  awards,  or  stock  options,  granted  to  employees  is 
recognized  as  an  employee  expense,  with  a  corresponding  increase  in  equity,  over  the  period  that  the  employees 
unconditionally become entitled to the awards. The amount recognized as an expense is adjusted to reflect the number 
of awards for which the related service and non-market vesting conditions are expected to be met, such that the amount 
ultimately recognized as an expense is based on the number of awards that meet the related service and non-market 
performance conditions at the vesting date. 

The fair value of the amount payable to employees and Directors in respect of Medium Term Incentive Plans (“MTIPs”) 
and Deferred Share Units (“DSUs”), for which the participants are eligible to receive an equivalent cash value of the 
common shares at a future date, is recognized as an expense with a corresponding increase in liabilities, over the period 
that the employees provide the related service and Directors become entitled to payment. The liability is re-measured at 
each  reporting  date  and  at  the  settlement  date.  Any  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  liability  are  recognized  as 
compensation expense in profit or loss. 

Bridging Restricted Share Units (“BRSUs”) track the value of a common share and provide eligible participants with an 
equivalent  cash  value  of  common  shares.  Each  grant  vests  20%  in  the  first  year,  30%  in  the  second  year  and  the 
remaining 50% in the third year. 

Restricted Share Units (“RSUs”) track the value of a common share and provide eligible participants with an equivalent 
cash value of common shares. Each grant cliff vests at the end of three years. 

Performance Share Units (“PSUs”) track the value of a common share and provide eligible participants with an equivalent 
cash value of common shares. Each grant cliff vests at the end of three years and the payout can be 0% to 200% of the 
vested units, subject to the achievement of certain corporate objectives as approved by the Board. Each grant of PSUs 
is individually evaluated regularly with regard to vesting and payout assumptions. 

The RSUs and PSUs granted in 2017 and 2018 differ from previous grants in that additional units are granted each time 
Stuart Olson pays a common share dividend. 

We typically settle the BRSUs, RSUs and PSUs (collectively, the “MTIPs”) in cash within 20 business days after vesting. 
The original cost of the MTIPs is equal to the fair market value at the date of grant. Changes in the amount of the liability 
due to fair value changes after the initial grant date are recognized as a compensation expense in the period in which 
the changes occur. 

Information about the vesting conditions for share-based payments is disclosed in Note 25 of the December 31, 2018 
Audited Consolidated Annual Financial Statements. 

35 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Current Changes in Accounting Standards 

IFRS 15 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers 
We adopted IFRS 15 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers using the full retrospective approach on January 1, 
2018. IFRS 15 supercedes IAS 11 – Construction Contracts and IAS 18  – Revenue, and related interpretations. We 
have detailed below the impact of the transition to IFRS 15 on our accounting policy for revenue recognition. 

We  applied  IFRS  15  retrospectively  to  all  contracts  that  were  not  complete  on  January  1,  2018,  the  date  of  initial 
application,  in  order  to  determine  if  an  adjustment  was  required  for  prior  periods  presented.  We  performed  a 
comprehensive review of existing contracts, control processes and revenue recognition methodology. In evaluating the 
impact of IFRS 15 on previously reported comparative figures, we determined that there was no change required as the 
existing revenue recognition practices met the requirements of IFRS 15. There were no changes to the classification and 
timing  of  revenue  recognition,  the  measurement  of  contract  costs  and  the  recognition  of  costs  in  excess  of  billings 
(contract assets) and contract advances and unearned income (contract liabilities). 

We continue to recognize revenue at a contract level as performance obligations are satisfied over time, using project 
stage of completion based on costs incurred, labour hours expended and resources consumed. Revenue is recognized 
by applying the five-step model under IFRS 15. 

Recognition requirements surrounding contract modifications (variations and claims) have been implemented, where we 
are required to provide a high level of evidence of customer acceptance. For any change in transaction price as a result 
of  a  variation  or  claim,  we  will  only  recognize  revenue  to  the  extent  that  it  is  highly  probable  that  revenue  will  not 
significantly reverse in the future.  

Please refer to  Note 8, 17  and  33  of the December 31, 2018 Audited Consolidated  Annual Financial  Statements for 
additional disclosures related to disaggregated revenue, movements in costs in excess of billings and contract advances 
and unearned income, and remaining performance obligations, respectively. 

IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments 
IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments was issued to replace IAS 39 – Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. 
We adopted IFRS 9 retrospectively on January 1, 2018. IFRS 9 introduces a logical approach for the classification of 
financial assets,  which is driven by cash flow characteristics and  the business model in  which an  asset is held. This 
single principle-based approach replaces existing rule-based requirements. IFRS 9 results in a single impairment model 
being  applied  to  all  financial  instruments  measured  at  amortized  cost  or  at  fair  value  through  other  comprehensive 
income.  This  expected  credit  loss  impairment  model  requires  more  timely  recognition  of  expected  credit  losses. 
Specifically, the new standard requires entities to account for expected credit losses from when financial instruments are 
first recognized and to recognize full lifetime expected losses on a timelier basis. The adoption of this standard did not 
have  a  material  impact  to  the  Audited  Consolidated  Annual  Financial  Statements.  Our  policies  and  procedures 
surrounding  the  identification  of  credit  risk  and  the  recognition  of  credit  losses  comply  with  the  requirements  of  this 
standard.  

Please refer to Note 28(b) of the December 31, 2018 Audited Consolidated Annual Financial Statements for additional 
disclosures related to our financial instruments.  

36 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
IFRS 2 – Share-based Payment 
Amendments  have  been  issued  for  IFRS  2  –  Share-based  Payment,  providing  clarification  on  the  classification  and 
measurement  of  certain  types  of  share-based  payment  transactions.  We  adopted  the  amendments  to  IFRS  2 
retrospectively on January 1, 2018. The amendments to IFRS 2 clarify that the accounting for the effects of vesting and 
non-vesting conditions on  cash-settled share-based payments should follow  the  same approach  as for equity-settled 
share-based  payments.  The  amendments  impact  our  disclosure  surrounding  Performance  Share  Units  (“PSUs”) 
outstanding, adjusting the number of units disclosed to factor in performance conditions that modify the vested value. 
The adoption of these amendments did not have any other material impact to the Audited Consolidated Annual Financial 
Statements. 

Please  refer  to  Note  25(b)  of  the  December  31,  2018  Audited  Consolidated  Annual  Financial  Statements  for  a 
reconciliation of the PSUs. 

Future Changes in Accounting Standards 

We have reviewed new and revised accounting pronouncements that have been issued, but are not yet effective. Please 
see  below  and  Note  4  of  the  December  31,  2018  Audited  Consolidated  Annual  Financial  Statements  for  further 
information. We are still evaluating the potential impact of future accounting standard changes on our financial reporting. 

IFRS 16 – Leases 
IFRS 16 – Leases was issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) in January 2016. It will replace 
IAS 17 – Leases for annual and interim reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019. For lessees, IFRS 16 
will  bring  most  leases  onto  the  consolidated  statements  of  financial  position  under  a  single  model,  eliminating  the 
distinction  between  operating  and  finance  leases.  Lessors  will  continue  accounting  for  leases  under  a  dual  lease 
classification model, and the classification between operating and finance leases will determine how and when a lessor 
will recognize revenue, and what assets would be recorded.  

IFRS  16  may  be  applied  retrospectively  or  using  a  cumulative  catch-up  approach.  We  have  selected  to  use  the 
cumulative  catch-up  approach,  which  does  not  require  restatement  of  prior  period  financial  information.  Rather,  the 
cumulative effect of applying the standard to prior periods is recorded as an adjustment to opening retained earnings. 
There are recognition exemptions available for certain short-term leases (less than 12 months) and leases for which the 
underlying asset is of low value. We will apply these recognition exemptions upon adoption, and will continue to treat 
such leases as operating leases. 

On initial adoption, we expect to elect the following practical expedients permitted under the standard: 

  Use  our  previous  assessment  under  IAS  37  –  Provisions,  Contingent  Liabilities  and  Contingent  Assets  for 

onerous contracts, instead of reassessing the lease asset for impairment on January 1, 2019;  

  Exclude initial direct costs from the measurement of the lease asset at the date of initial application; and 
  Use hindsight in determining the lease term where the contract contains terms to extend or terminate the lease. 

On adoption of IFRS 16, we will recognize lease liabilities in relation to leases under the principles of the new standard 
at  the  present  value  of  unavoidable  future  lease  payments,  discounted  using  our  incremental  borrowing  rate  as  at 
January 1, 2019. The associated right-of-use assets will be measured at amounts equal to the lease liabilities, less any 
amounts previously recognized under IAS 37 for onerous contracts. The measurement of the total lease expense over 
the  term  of  the  lease  is  unaffected  by  the  new  standard;  however,  the  required  presentation  on  the  consolidated 
statements  of  earnings  will  result  in  costs  currently  classified  as  lease  expenses  being  presented  as  depreciation  of 
leased assets and finance costs associated with lease liabilities. This depreciation expense will continue to be recognized 
as part of contract costs or administrative costs, depending on the nature of the leased asset, while the finance costs 
will be separately disclosed on the consolidated statements of earnings. 

37 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
While  we  continue  to  assess  the  impact  of  adopting  IFRS  16,  we  expect  the  most  significant  impact  to  relate  to  the 
changes  in  the  accounting  for  lease  agreements  associated  with  office,  yard  and  shop  facilities,  which  are  currently 
classified as operating leases and directly expensed on the consolidated statements of earnings. 

As  a  result  of  adopting  IFRS  16,  we  have  estimated  that  as  at  January  1,  2019,  we  expected  to  recognize  in  the 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position right-of-use lease assets of approximately $41.5 million, lease receivables 
of approximately $5.8 million related to subleased facilities, a deferred tax asset of approximately $0.2 million and lease 
liabilities of approximately $50.2 million, as well as the removal of onerous contract provisions of  approximately  $2.0 
million  and  a  cumulative  estimated  reduction  to  our  opening  retained  earnings  of  approximately  $0.7  million.  These 
amounts are based on lease information gathered and management’s evaluation to date and are subject to change. 

IAS 19 – Employee Benefits 
In February 2018, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 19  – Employee Benefits, to clarify the calculation of pension 
expenses when changes to a defined benefit pension plan occur as a result of an amendment, curtailment or settlement. 
We will be required to re-measure our net defined benefit obligation or asset and the updated assumptions from this re-
measurement will be used to determine past service cost and net interest for the remainder of the reporting period after 
the change(s) to the plan. The amendments also clarify the effect of a plan amendment, curtailment or settlement on the 
asset ceiling requirements. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019. We 
do not expect this amendment to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements, as no changes to the 
defined benefit pension plans are expected. 

IAS 1 – Presentation of Financial Statements and IAS 8 – Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and 
Errors 
In October 2018, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 1 – Presentation of Financial Statements and IAS 8 – Accounting 
Policies,  Changes  in  Accounting  Estimates  and  Errors,  clarifying  the  definition  of  material  information.  Under  the 
amended  definition,  information  is  material  if  omitting,  misstating  or  obscuring  it  could  reasonably  be  expected  to 
influence the decisions that the users of the financial statements make on the basis of those financial statements. The 
amendments  also  clarify  the  explanations  accompanying  the  definition  of material  information.  The  amendments  are 
effective January 1, 2020 and are required to be applied prospectively. We do not expect these amendments to have a 
material impact on our consolidated financial statements. 

IFRS 3 – Business Combinations 
In  October  2018,  the  IASB  amended  IFRS  3  –  Business  Combinations,  seeking  to  clarify  whether  an  acquisition 
transaction results in the acquisition of an asset or a business. The amendments clarify the definition of a business and 
include  a  simplified  assessment  to  determine  whether  the  acquisition  is  a  group  of  assets  or  a  business.  The 
amendments are effective for acquisition transactions on or after January 1, 2020, with earlier application permitted. This 
narrower definition of a business may reduce the number of business combinations that we will recognize in the future, 
but  is  not  expected  to  have  an  impact  on  the  current  consolidated  financial  statements  or  the  treatment  of  past 
acquisitions. 

38 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

Financial instruments consist of recorded amounts of receivables and other like amounts that will result in future cash 
receipts, as well as accounts payable, borrowings and any other amounts that will result in future cash outlays. The fair 
value of our short-term financial assets and liabilities approximates their respective carrying amounts on the Statements 
of  Financial  Position  because  of  the  short-term maturity  of  those  instruments. The  fair  values  of  our  interest-bearing 
financial  liabilities  also  approximate  their  respective  carrying  amounts.  This  is  due  to  the  floating  rate  nature  of  the 
variable-rate interest bearing financial liabilities, including the revolving credit facility and long-term note payable. Further, 
the fair value of the Corporation’s fixed rate convertible debentures approximates its carrying value based on their public 
trading price. 

The financial instruments we use expose us to credit, interest rate and liquidity risks. Our Board has overall responsibility 
for the establishment and oversight of our risk management framework and reviews corporate policies on an ongoing 
basis.  We  do  not  actively  use  financial  derivatives,  nor  do  we  hold  or  use  any  derivative  instruments  for  trading  or 
speculative purposes. 

We are exposed to credit risk through accounts receivable. This risk is minimized by the number of customers in diverse 
industries and geographical centres. We further mitigate this risk by performing an assessment of our customers as part 
of our work procurement process, including an evaluation of financial capacity. 

Under IFRS 9, we are required to review impairment of our trade and other receivables at each reporting period and to 
review our allowance for doubtful accounts for expected future credit losses. We take into consideration the customer’s 
payment  history,  creditworthiness  and  the  current  economic  environment  in  which  the  customer  operates  to  assess 
impairment. 

We establish a specific bad debt provision when  we consider that the expected recovery  will be less than the actual 
accounts receivable. The provision for doubtful accounts has been included in administrative costs in the December 31, 
2018 Audited Consolidated Annual Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive Earnings, and is net of any recoveries 
that  were  provided  for  in  a  prior  period.  Allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  as  at  December  31,  2018  was  $0.2  million 
(December 31, 2017 - $0.3 million).  

In determining the quality of trade receivables, we consider any change in the credit quality of customers from the date 
credit was initially granted up to the end of the reporting period. As at December 31, 2018, we had $15.4 million of trade 
receivables  (December  31,  2017  -  $20.3  million)  which  were  greater  than  90  days  past  due,  with  $15.2  million  not 
provided for as at December 31, 2018 (December 31, 2017 - $20.0 million). Management is not materially concerned 
about the credit quality and collectability of these accounts as  our customers are predominantly large in scale and of 
high creditworthiness, and the concentration of credit risk is limited due to our sizeable and unrelated customer base.  

Interest rate risk is the risk to our earnings that arises from fluctuations in the interest rates and the degree of volatility 
of  these  rates. We  do  not  use  derivative  instruments  to  reduce  exposure  to  this  risk.  On  an  annualized  basis  as  at 
December 31, 2018, a change in 100 basis points in interest rates would have increased or decreased equity and profit 
or loss by $0.2 million (December 31, 2017 - $0.2 million) related to financial assets and by $0.3 million (December 31, 
2017 - $0.1 million) related to financial liabilities. 

39 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
Liquidity risk is the risk that we will encounter difficulties in meeting our financial obligations. We manage this risk through 
cash  and  debt  management.  We  invest  our  cash  with  the  objective  of  maintaining  safety  of  principal  and  providing 
adequate liquidity to meet all current payment obligations. We invest cash and cash equivalents with counterparties that 
are of high credit quality as assessed by reputable rating agencies. Given these high credit ratings, we do not expect 
any counterparties to fail to meet their obligations. In managing liquidity risk, we have access to committed long-term 
debt facilities as well as equity markets, the availability of which is dependent on market conditions. 

Under our risk management policy, derivative financial instruments are used only for risk management purposes and not 
for generating trading profits. 

Please refer to Note 28 of the December 31, 2018 Audited Consolidated Annual Financial Statements for further detail. 

Controls & Procedures 
The controls and procedures set out below encompass all Stuart Olson companies. 

Disclosure Controls & Procedures 
Disclosure  controls  and  procedures  are  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  all  relevant  information  is 
gathered and reported to senior management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer 
(“CFO”), on a timely basis, so that appropriate decisions can be made regarding public disclosure. The CEO and CFO 
together are responsible for establishing and maintaining our disclosure controls and procedures. They are assisted in 
this responsibility by the Disclosure Committee, which is comprised of members of our senior management team. 

An evaluation of the effectiveness of the design of our disclosure controls and procedures was carried out under the 
supervision of management, including our CEO and CFO, with oversight by the Board of Directors and Audit Committee, 
as at December 31, 2018. Based on this evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that the design and operation 
of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in NI 52-109, Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and 
Interim Filings, was effective as at December 31, 2018. 

Internal Controls over Financial Reporting  
Internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  are  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS. Absolute 
assurance cannot be provided that all misstatements have been detected because of inherent limitations in all control 
systems.  Management  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  controls  appropriate  to  the 
nature and size of the business, and to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting.  

Under the oversight of the Board of Directors and our Audit Committee, Stuart Olson management, including our CEO 
and CFO, evaluated the design and operation of our internal controls over financial reporting using the control framework 
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission on Internal Control  – Integrated 
Framework (2013). The evaluation included documentation review, enquiries, testing and other procedures considered 
by management to be appropriate in the circumstances. As at December 31, 2018, our CEO and CFO have concluded 
that the design and operation of the internal controls over financial reporting as defined in NI 52-109, Certification of 
Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings, was effective. 

Material Changes to Internal Controls over Financial Reporting 
There  were  no  changes  to  our  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  and  the  environment  in  which  they  operated 
during the period beginning on January 1, 2018 and ending on December 31, 2018 that have materially affected or are 
reasonably likely to materially affect our internal controls over financial reporting. 

40 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
RISKS 

Stuart Olson is subject to certain risks and uncertainties that are common in the construction industry and that may affect 
future performance. The risks described below are not exhaustive. We operate in a very competitive and ever-changing 
environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for management to predict all such risk 
factors, nor can we assess the impact of all such risk factors on our business. Readers are also encouraged to review 
the “Forward-Looking Information” section of this MD&A. 

The Operations of Stuart Olson are Dependent on the Price of Oil and Natural Gas 
Macro-economic and geopolitical factors associated with oil and natural gas supply and demand are prime drivers for 
pricing and profitability within the oil and natural gas industry. Generally, when oil and natural gas prices are relatively 
high, demand for our services is high, while the opposite is true when oil and natural gas prices are low. 

Some of our accounts receivable are with customers involved in the oil and natural gas industry, whose revenues may 
be impacted by fluctuations in oil and natural gas prices. The collection of receivables may be adversely affected by any 
prolonged weakness in oil and natural gas prices. 

Regional Concentration 
A large percentage of our revenue originates in Alberta. This regional concentration makes our performance sensitive 
to impacts of localized factors, such as, weather conditions, major disasters, provincial rules and regulations, provincial 
and municipal governments, available workforce, economic dependencies and trends, and other factors that are local to 
Alberta. 

Access to Capital and Liquidity 
We are reliant on external sources of financing to meet our ongoing operational needs. We use available liquidity from 
our Revolver to ensure that we have sufficient working capital to fund operations and meet our financial obligations. The 
interest rate payable under the Revolver is subject to change based on the amount of indebtedness and other internal 
and  external  factors.  Our  ability  to  make  interest  payments  on  the  Revolver,  as  well  as  the  scheduled  payments  of 
principal and interest on the 2014 Convertible Debentures, could be negatively impacted by operational or other internal 
events or external financial or other events that affect our liquidity. While we have a variety of options in connection with 
the maturity of the 2014 Convertible Debentures on December 31, 2019, some of these options are dependent on our 
access to external funds, which access may be affected by numerous external factors or changes in our performance or 
prospects.  In  addition,  a  tightening  of  capital  markets  generally,  or  deterioration  of  our  share  price  or  operational  or 
financial performance, may affect our ability to raise funds or the cost of raising funds, which may in turn restrict our 
ability to fund future growth initiatives. There can be no assurance that, if, as and when we seek equity or debt financing 
or re-financing, we will be able to obtain the required financing or re-financing on favourable commercial terms, or at all. 
Any such future financing or re-financing may also result in dilution to existing shareholders. 

Potential for Non-Payment and Credit Risk and Ongoing Financing Availability 
During the term of a contract, we may be required to use our working capital to fund construction costs until payments 
are collected from clients. If a client defaults in making its payments on a project, we would generally have a right to 
register a lien against the project. If the client were ultimately unable or unwilling to pay the amounts owing to us, a lien 
against the property would normally provide some security that we could ultimately realize what is owed; however, in 
these situations our ability to ultimately collect what it is owed cannot be assured. A greater incidence of payment default 
by clients could result in a financial loss that could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial 
position. 

41 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
Our  operations,  and  particularly  industrial  operations,  require  a  significant  amount  of  working  capital  due  to  the 
requirement  for  large  workforces  on  many  projects.  Our  ability  to  obtain  additional  capital  is  a  significant  factor  in 
achieving  our  strategy  of  expansion  in  the  industrial  services  industry.  There  can  be  no  assurance  that  our  current 
working capital will be sufficient to enable us to implement all of our objectives. As well, there can be no assurance that, 
if, as and when we seek equity or debt financing, we will be able to obtain the required funding on favourable commercial 
terms, or at all. Any such future financing may also result in dilution to existing shareholders. 

Industry and Inherent Project Delivery Risks  
We perform construction activities under a  variety  of contracts including lump-sum, guaranteed maximum price, cost 
reimbursable and design-build. Some forms of these construction contracts carry more risk than others. 

Historically,  a portion  of our revenue has  been derived from lump-sum contracts pursuant to  which  a commitment is 
provided to the owner of the project to complete the project at a fixed price (“Lump Sum”) or guaranteed maximum price 
(“GMP”). In Lump Sum and GMP projects, in addition to the risks associated with a fixed unit price contract (as described 
below),  any  errors  in  quantity  estimates  or  schedule  delays  or  productivity  losses,  for  which  contracted  relief  is  not 
available, must be absorbed within the Lump Sum or GMP, thereby adding a further risk component to the contract. 
These contracts, given their inherent risks, may from time to time result in significant financial losses on projects. The 
failure  to  properly  assess  a  wide  variety  of  risks,  appropriately  execute  these  contracts  or  prevail  with  regards  to 
contractual disputes in relation to these contracts may have a material adverse impact on our financial results. 

We are also involved in fixed unit price construction contracts under which we are committed to provide services and 
materials  at  a  fixed  unit  price. While  this  shifts  the  risk  of  estimating  the  quantity  of  units  to  the  contract  owner,  any 
increase in our cost over the unit price bid, whether due to estimating error, inefficiency in project execution, inclement 
weather, inflation or other internal or external factors, will negatively affect our profitability and may also results in financial 
losses. 

In certain instances, we commit to a customer that we will complete a project by a scheduled date or that the facility 
constructed will achieve certain performance standards. If the project or facility subsequently fails to meet the schedule 
or performance standards, we could incur additional costs or penalties commonly referred to as liquidated damages. 
Although we attempt to negotiate waivers of or limitations to, consequential or liquidated damages, on some contracts, 
we are required to bear the risk for failure to meet certain contractual milestones. These penalties may be significant and 
could  materially  impact  our  financial  position  or  results  of  future  operations.  Furthermore,  schedule  delays  may  also 
reduce  profitability  or  result  in  financial  losses  because  staff  may  be  prevented  from  pursuing  and  working  on  new 
projects.  Project  delays  may  also  reduce  customer  satisfaction  which  could  impact  future  awards  and  therefore  our 
backlog. 

We occasionally participates in design-build projects pursuant to which, in addition to the responsibilities and risks of a 
fixed unit price or Lump Sum contract, we assume the additional risk of quality or design-related flaws or failures. This 
risk  is  managed  by  using  external  consultants  for  the  design  component  as  well  as  by  the  purchase  of  appropriate 
insurance protection. Design remediation work could result in additional contract costs that may not be reimbursed by 
the client. 

Certain of our contractual requirements may also involve financing elements, where we are required to provide one or 
more letters of credit, performance bonds or financial guarantees. There can be no assurance that we will be able to 
obtain  the  necessary  financing  on  favourable  or  commercially  reasonable  terms  and  conditions  to  satisfy  such 
requirements, nor that its working capital and bonding facilities will be adequate in order to issue the required letters of 
credit and performance bonds. This may result in not obtaining or losing certain projects and/or contracts. 

42 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
Change orders (also commonly called variations in the context of construction) modify the nature or quantity of the work 
to be completed. These change orders are typically issued at the request of, or for the benefit of clients and often occur 
in the middle of execution of a project. Final pricing of and payment for these change orders is often negotiated after the 
changes have been started or completed and may ultimately only be determined after a formal or informal claim process, 
while accounting rules and practices may dictate that we recognize a reasonable amount of revenue associated with the 
unresolved change orders or claims. In such cases, the applicable revenue recognition rules require us to exercise our 
best judgment as to the likely outcome of a change order or claim once ultimately resolved. We exercise this judgment 
pursuant to rigorous  internal controls, and  practices  and procedures,  which are designed to  ensure that the  ultimate 
outcome is estimated as accurately and reasonably as possible in the circumstances at the time of estimation. Despite 
these  efforts  there  remains  a  possibility  that  a  change  order  or  claim,  once  ultimately  resolved,  may  result  in  less 
revenues,  and  potentially  significantly  less  revenues,  than  originally  estimated,  resulting  in  a  requirement  to  make 
financial adjustments to current or prior periods. Disputes regarding the quantum of unpriced change orders or claims 
could impact our profitability on a particular project, ability to recover costs, or in a worst case scenario, result in significant 
project and/or financial losses. The timing of the resolution of these events can have a material impact on income and 
liquidity and thus can cause fluctuations in the revenue and income in any prior, current or future reporting period. 

Regulations 
The operations of our clients are subject to or impacted by a wide array of regulations in the jurisdictions in which they 
operate,  such  as  applicable  environmental  laws.  As  a  result  of  changes  in  regulations  and  laws  relating  to  these 
industries, client operations could be disrupted or curtailed by governmental authorities. The high cost of compliance 
with applicable regulations may cause clients to discontinue or limit their operations or may discourage companies from 
continuing  further  development  activities.  As  a  result,  demand  for  our  services  could  be  substantially  affected  by 
regulations adversely impacting these industries. 

Dependence on the Public Sector 
A  significant  portion  of  the  Buildings  Group’s  revenue  is  derived  from  contracts  with  various  governments  or  their 
agencies. Consequently, any reduction in demand for the Buildings Group’s services by the public sector, whether from 
funding constraints, changing capital spending plans or changing political priorities, would likely have an adverse effect 
on us if that business could not be replaced from within the private sector. 

Client Concentration 
The Commercial Systems Group does a significant amount of work with a small number of major general contractors. 
Consequently, the loss of, or a significant reduction  in business with, one or more of these contractors, whether as a 
result of completion of a contract, early termination, or a failure or inability to pay amounts owed, could have a material 
adverse effect on the Commercial Systems Group’s and consequently Stuart Olson’s business and results of operations. 
Similarly, the Industrial Group has a narrow concentration of clients. The loss of, or significant reduction in business with, 
one or more of these clients could have a material adverse effect on the Industrial Group, and consequently on Stuart 
Olson’s business and results of operations. 

43 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
Labour Matters 
Periods of high construction activity can create shortages of labour. In the past, the rapidly expanding markets in, among 
others, Alberta and British Columbia, have created general shortages of tradesmen and management personnel. Our 
operating  companies  attempt  to  mitigate  labour  shortages  through  positive  union  relationships,  competitive 
remuneration, enhanced in-house training programs and expanded recruiting, both within Canada and internationally. If 
we are unable to recruit and retain enough employees with the appropriate skills, we may be unable to maintain our 
client service levels, and we may not be able to satisfy increased demand for our services. Similarly, a significant portion 
of our labour force is unionized and accordingly we are subject to the detrimental effects of a strike or other labour action, 
in addition to competitive cost factors. Any future labour shortage or disruption may lead to construction cost escalation, 
which could decrease contract margins, should clients not agree to absorb these additional costs. In addition, changes 
to the provincial Labour Relations Code could result in impacts to our labour structure. If the current structure is impacted, 
it may affect our competitiveness and profitability. 

Loss of Key Management; Inability to Attract and Retain Management 
Our success is highly influenced by the efforts of key members of management, including our executive officers. The 
loss  of  the  services  of  any  of  our  key  management  personnel  could  negatively  impact  us.  Our  future  success  also 
depends heavily on our ability to attract, retain and develop high-performing personnel in all areas of our operations. 
Most organizations in the construction industry face this challenge, and accordingly, competition for qualified personnel 
is significant. If we cease to be seen by current and prospective employees as an attractive place to work, we could 
experience difficulty in hiring and retaining the right people. This could have an adverse effect on our current operations 
and would limit our prospects and impair our future success. 

Subcontractor Performance  
The profitable completion of some contracts depends to a large degree on the satisfactory performance of subcontractors 
as  well  as  design  and  engineering  consultants  who  complete  different  elements  of  the  work,  especially  within  the 
Buildings Group. If these subcontractors or consultants do not perform to accepted standards, we may be required  to 
hire different subcontractors to complete the tasks, which may impact schedule, add costs to a project, impact profitability 
on  a  specific  job  and,  in  certain  circumstances,  lead  to  significant  losses.  A  major  subcontractor  default  or  failure  to 
properly manage subcontractor performance could materially impact results. 

Unanticipated Shutdowns 
A  portion  of  our  work  is  generated  from  the  development,  expansion  and  ongoing  maintenance  of  oil  sands  mining, 
extraction and upgrading facilities. Shutdowns of these facilities due to events outside of our control or the control of our 
clients,  such  as  the  cancellation  of  projects  due  to  a  downturn  in  oil  and  gas  prices,  natural  disasters,  mechanical 
breakdowns,  technology  failures  or  pressure  from  environmental  activists,  could  lead  to  the  temporary  shutdown  or 
complete cessation of projects on which we are working. These events could materially and adversely affect our business 
and results of operations. 

Maintaining Safe Worksites 
Our success as a contractor is highly dependent on our ability to keep our construction worksites safe. Failure to do so 
can have serious impacts beyond the threat to personal safety of our employees and others. It can expose us to fines, 
regulatory sanction and even criminal prosecution. Our safety record and worksite safety practices have a direct bearing 
on our ability to secure work.  

44 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
Joint Venture Partners 
We undertake certain contracts with joint venture partners. The success of our joint ventures depends on the satisfactory 
performance of our joint venture partners in their joint venture obligations. We may provide joint and several guarantees 
in connection with these joint ventures, and in each case, seek to obtain reciprocal guarantees and assurances from our 
partners. The failure of the joint venture partners to perform their obligations or their insolvency could impose additional 
financial and performance obligations on us that could result in increased costs. 

Cyber Security Risks 
We use a number of information technology systems for the management and operation of our business and are subject 
to a variety of information technology and system risks as part of our normal operations, including potential breakdown, 
invasion, virus, cyber-attack, cyber fraud, security breach and destruction or interruption of our information technology 
systems by third parties or individuals within the organization. Although we have security measures and controls in place 
that are designed to mitigate these risks, a breach of our security measures and/or loss of information could occur and 
could lead to a number of adverse consequences, including but not limited to: the unavailability, disruption or loss of key 
functionalities within our control systems and the unauthorized disclosure, corruption or loss of material and confidential 
information, breach of privacy laws and a disruption to our business activities. 

We attempt to prevent such breaches through, among other things, the implementation of various technological security 
measures, providing cyber security training to all personnel, segregation of control systems from our general business 
network, engaging skilled consultants and employees to manage our technology applications, conducting periodic audits 
and adopting policies and procedures as appropriate. To date, we have not been subject to a cyber security breach that 
has resulted in a material impact on our business or operations; however, there is no guarantee that the measures we 
take to protect our information technology systems will be effective in protecting against a breach in the future. 

Competition and Reputation 
There is strong competition in the construction industry. We compete with a broad range of companies in each market, 
some of which are substantially larger than us. In addition, an increase in the number of international companies entering 
the Canadian marketplace has also made the market more competitive. Each competitor has its own advantages and 
disadvantages  relative  to  Stuart  Olson.  New  contract  awards  and  contract  margin  are  dependent  upon  the  level  of 
competition and the general state of the markets in which we operate. Fluctuations in demand in the segments in which 
we  operate  may  impact  the  degree  of  competition  for  new  work.  Competitors  that  have  greater  financial  and  other 
resources can better bear the risk of under-pricing projects, whereas smaller competitors may have lower overhead cost 
structures and therefore may be able to provide their services at lower rates. Our business may be adversely impacted 
to the extent that we are unable to successfully compete with these companies. The loss of existing clients to competitors 
or the failure to win new projects could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations. 

Reputation in the construction industry  is a significant factor in our long-term success. Adverse opinions may impact 
long-term  financial  results  and  can  arise  from  a  number  of  factors  including  errors  or  losses  on  specific  projects, 
employee sentiment, questions concerning business ethics and integrity, corporate governance, the accuracy and quality 
of financial reporting and public disclosure as well as the quality and timing of the delivery of key products and services. 
We  put  in  place  various  controls  and  procedures  to  mitigate  this  risk;  however,  these  controls  and  policies  cannot 
guarantee that future breaches of such controls and procedures will not occur, which may or may not impact our financial 
results. 

Limitations of Insurance 
Any catastrophic occurrence in excess of insurance limits at projects where our structures are installed or services are 
performed  could  result  in  significant  professional  liability,  product  liability,  warranty  or  other  claims  against  us.  Such 
liabilities could potentially exceed our current insurance coverage and the fees derived from those services. A partially 
or completely uninsured claim, if successful and of a significant magnitude, could result in substantial losses. 

45 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
Litigation Risk 
In the normal course of our operations, whether directly or indirectly, we have been, and in the future we may become, 
involved in, named as a party to, or the subject of, various legal proceedings and legal actions relating to, among other 
things, construction disputes for which insurance is not available, human resources matters, personal injuries, property 
damage  and  general  commercial  and  contractual  matters  arising  from  our  business  activities.  Litigation  is  inherently 
uncertain.  Accordingly,  adverse  outcomes  to  current  litigation  or  pending  litigation  are  possible.  These  potentially 
adverse outcomes could include financial loss, damage to our reputation or reduction of prospects for future contract 
awards. 

Corporate Guarantees and Letters of Credit 
In the course of business operations, we may be required to guarantee the performance pursuant to a contract of one 
or more of our groups by way of providing guarantees or letters of credit. If our capacity to issue letters of credit under 
our  Revolver,  combined  with  cash  on  hand,  are  insufficient  to  satisfy  clients  and  surety  providers,  our  business  and 
results of operations could be adversely affected. Letters of credit are issued mainly to provide security to third parties 
in the case of non-performance under a contract. Significant claims under letters of credit and/or corporate guarantees 
could materially and adversely affect our business, financial stability and operating capacity. 

Performance Bonds 
Our  operating  companies  are  often  required  to  provide  performance  and  labour  and  material  payment  bonds  as 
assurance for contract completion. The surety industry has endured a certain degree of instability and uncertainty as a 
result of recent economic conditions, which may constrain the overall industry capacity. Furthermore, the issuance of 
bonds under our surety program is at the sole discretion of the surety companies on a project by project basis. As such, 
even sizable sureties may be unwilling to guarantee bonding support on every project. Although we believe that we will 
be able to continue to maintain adequate surety capacity under our surety program to satisfy our requirements, should 
those requirements be materially greater than anticipated, or should sufficient surety capacity not be available to us for 
any reason, this may have an adverse impact on our ability to operate our business or take advantage of all market 
opportunities.  

Volatility of Market Trading 
The market price of our securities may be volatile and could be subject to fluctuations in response to quarterly variations 
in  operating results, changes in financial estimates by  securities  analysts,  or other events or factors. In  addition, the 
financial markets have experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that have particularly affected the market 
prices of equity securities  of many companies providing services to the commodity industry. Often these fluctuations 
have been unrelated to the operating performance of such companies or have resulted from the failure of the operating 
results of such companies to meet market expectations in a particular quarter. Broad market fluctuations, or any failure 
of our operating results in a particular quarter to meet market expectations, may adversely affect the market price of our 
securities. 

Failure of Clients to Obtain Required Permits and Licenses 
The development of construction projects requires our clients to obtain regulatory and other permits and licenses from 
various governmental licensing bodies. Our clients may not be able to obtain all necessary permits and licenses required 
for the development of their projects, in a timely manner or at all. These delays are generally outside our control. The 
major cost associated with these delays is personnel and associated overhead that is designated for the project which 
cannot be reallocated effectively to other work. If the client’s project is unable to proceed, it may adversely impact the 
demand for our services. 

46 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
Dividends 
The payment of dividends on common shares is at the discretion of our Board. In establishing the amount of any dividend, 
the Board will take into consideration, among other things, the need to meet future requirements for increases in working 
capital and equity to meet contract security requirements, provide the financial capacity to withstand any downturn in the 
construction industry, should one occur, expand the business and the desirability of maintaining the dividend rate. There 
can be no assurances that the dividend rate will not be reduced or suspended in the future. 

Compliance with Environmental Laws 
We are subject to numerous federal, provincial and municipal environmental laws and judicial, legislative and regulatory 
developments  relating  to  environmental  protection  on  an  ongoing  basis.  While  we  strive  to  keep  informed  of  and  to 
comply with all applicable environmental laws, circumstances may arise and incidents may occur that are beyond our 
control that could adversely affect us. During our history, we have experienced incidents, emissions and spills of a non-
material nature. None of these incidents has resulted in any liability to us to date, although there can be no guarantee 
that any future incidents will be of a non-material nature. We are not aware of any pending environmental legislation that 
would  be  likely  to  have  a  material  adverse  impact  on  any  of  our  operations,  capital  expenditure  requirements  or 
competitive position, although there can be no assurance that future legislation will not be proposed, and if implemented, 
may have a material adverse impact on our operations. 

NON-IFRS MEASURES 

Throughout this MD&A certain measures are used that, while common in the construction industry, are not recognized 
measures under IFRS. The measures used are “contract income margin”, “work-in-hand”, “backlog”, “active backlog”, 
“book-to-bill ratio”, “working capital”, “adjusted EBITDA”, “adjusted EBITDA margin”, “adjusted free cash flow”, “adjusted 
free  cash  flow  per  share”,  “dividend  payout  ratio"  “indebtedness”,  “indebtedness  to  capitalization”,  “net  long-term 
indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA”, “interest coverage”, “additional borrowing capacity”, “available liquidity”, and “debt 
to  EBITDA”.  These  measures  are  used  by  management  to  assist  in  making  operating  decisions  and  assessing 
performance. They are presented in this MD&A to assist readers in assessing the performance of Stuart Olson and its 
operating groups. While we calculate these measures consistently from period to period, they will likely not be directly 
comparable to similar measures used by other companies because they do not have standardized meanings prescribed 
by IFRS. Please review the discussion of these measures below. 

Contract Income Margin  
Contract income margin is the percentage derived by dividing contract income by contract revenue. Contract income is 
calculated by deducting all associated direct and indirect costs from contract revenue in the period. 

Work-In-Hand, Backlog and Active Backlog 
Work-in-hand is the unexecuted portion of work that has been contractually awarded to us for construction. It includes 
an estimate of the revenue to be  generated from MRO contracts during  the shorter of: (a) twelve months, or (b) the 
remaining life of the contract. 

47 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
Backlog means the total value of work, including work-in-hand, that has not yet been completed that: (a) is assessed by 
us as having a high certainty of being performed by us by either the existence of a contract or work order specifying job 
scope, value and timing, or (b) has been awarded to us, as evidenced by an executed binding or non-binding letter of 
intent or agreement, describing the general job scope, value and timing of such work, and with the finalization of a formal 
contract  respecting  such  work  currently  assessed  by  us  as  being  reasonably  assured.  Our  backlog  is  comprised  of 
remaining  performance  obligations,  which  are  discussed  in  Note  3  and  Note  33  of  our  December  31,  2018  Audited 
Consolidated  Annual  Financial  Statements,  and  other  backlog  projects  that  do  not  meet  the  stringent  definition  of  a 
performance obligation in accordance with IFRS. Other backlog projects include work in respect of our long-term stable 
MSA work that has not yet been issued as purchase orders by our customers. Stuart Olson management uses backlog 
as the predominant measure of the health of future contracted work to be completed by our business. 

Active backlog is the portion of backlog that is not work-in-hand (has not been contractually awarded to us). We provide 
no assurance that clients will not choose to defer or cancel their projects in the future. 

$millions 

Remaining performance obligations(1) 

Add: Other backlog projects  

Consolidated backlog 

Less: Active backlog 

Work-in-hand 

Dec. 31, 2018 

Dec. 31, 2017 

1,108.9 

458.5 

1,567.4 

683.4 

884.0 

1,124.3 

597.1 

1,721.4 

868.1 

853.3 

Note: 

(1) Please refer to Note 3 and 33 of our December 31, 2018 Audited Consolidated Annual Financial Statements for more information on 
remaining performance obligations. 

Book-to-Bill Ratio 
Book-to-bill ratio means the ratio of net new projects added to backlog and increases in the scope of existing projects 
(book) to revenue (bill), for continuing operations for a specified period of time (excluding the impact of backlog additions 
from acquisitions and reductions for divestitures). A book-to-bill ratio  above 1.00 implies that backlog additions  were 
more than revenue for the specified time period, while a ratio below 1.00 implies that revenue exceeded backlog additions 
for the period. The following outlines the calculation of our book-to-bill ratio for the current year periods. 

$millions, except book-to-bill ratio 

Ending December 31, 2018 backlog 

Less: Opening period backlog 

Less: Backlog acquired from Tartan 

Plus: Contract revenue 

Net backlog additions 

Divided by: Contract revenue 

Book-to-bill ratio 

48 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

Three months 
ended 

Year ended 

Dec. 31, 2018 

Dec. 31, 2018 

1,567.4 

(1,584.3) 

1,567.4 

(1,721.4) 

(64.1) 

227.6 

146.6 

227.6 

0.64 

(64.1) 

966.5 

748.4 

966.5 

0.77 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Working Capital  
Working capital is calculated as current assets less current liabilities. The calculation of working capital is provided in the 
table below: 

$millions 

Current assets 

Current liabilities 

Working capital(1) 

Dec. 31, 2018  Dec. 31, 2017 

335.0 

(345.9) 

(10.9) 

339.1 

(306.0) 

33.1 

Note:  (1) The convertible debentures issued in 2014, are presented as a current liability of $78.2 million as at December 31, 2018. 

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin 
We have changed our definition of adjusted EBITDA for year-end 2018 to exclude costs related to activist shareholder 
activities. Over the near-term, we expect to incur meaningful costs related to  activist shareholder activities, which we 
have not incurred before and do not expect to incur on a regular basis in the future. Given adjusted EBITDA is a measure 
of continuing operations, management believes it is appropriate to add back these non-operational costs to net earnings 
in  the  calculation  of  adjusted  EBITDA.  This  change  has  not  impacted  the  calculation  of  adjusted  EBITDA  in  any 
comparative period. 

We define  adjusted EBITDA as net earnings (loss) from continuing operations before  finance costs, finance income, 
income taxes, capital asset depreciation and amortization, impairment charges, costs or recoveries relating to investing 
activities, costs related to activist shareholder activities, restructuring costs, equity-settled share-based compensation 
expense and gains/losses on assets, liabilities and investment dispositions. 

EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA are common financial measures used by investors, analysts and lenders as an indicator 
of cash operating performance, as well as a valuation metric and as a measure of a company’s ability to incur and service 
debt.  Our  calculation  of  adjusted  EBITDA  excludes  items  that  do  not  reflect  our  continuing  operations,  including 
restructuring  charges,  equity-settled  share-based  compensation  and  charges  related  to  both  investing  decisions  and 
activist shareholder activities, and that we believe should not be reflected in a metric used for valuation and debt servicing 
evaluation purposes. 

While EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA are common financial measures widely used by investors to facilitate an “enterprise 
level” valuation of an entity, they do not have a standardized definition prescribed by IFRS and therefore, other issuers 
may calculate EBITDA or adjusted EBITDA differently.  

Adjusted EBITDA margin is the percentage derived from dividing adjusted EBITDA by contract revenue. 

Set out on the following pages are reconciliations from our EBT to adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin for 
each of the periods presented in this MD&A. 

49 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
Consolidated 

2018 Quarter ended: 

2017 Quarter ended: 

$millions, except percentages 

Dec. 31  Sep. 30 

Jun. 30 

Mar. 31  Dec. 31  Sep. 30 

Jun. 30  Mar. 31 

Net (loss) earnings 

Add: Income tax expense (recovery) 

EBT 

Add: Depreciation and amortization 

         Finance costs 

         Restructuring costs (recovery) 

         Costs related to investing activities 
         Costs related to activist 

  shareholder activities 
         Equity-settled share-based 
compensation 

         Loss (gain) on asset disposal 

Adjusted EBITDA 

Divided by contract revenue 

Adjusted EBITDA margin 

(1.3) 

(0.1) 

(1.4) 

4.0 

2.6 

1.5 

0.4 

0.2 

0.1 

(0.2) 

7.2 

3.9 

1.6 

5.5 

3.7 

2.4 

nil 

nil 

nil 

0.1 

0.1 

11.8 

1.1 

0.5 

1.6 

3.7 

2.5 

1.4 

nil 

nil 

0.1 

1.6 

0.7 

2.3 

3.7 

2.2 

nil 

nil 

nil 

0.1 

(0.3) 

9.0 

(0.2) 

8.1 

5.7 

1.9 

7.6 

3.8 

2.2 

(2.1) 

nil 

nil 

0.1 

(0.1) 

11.5 

3.6 

1.5 

5.1 

3.7 

2.3 

0.6 

nil 

nil 

0.1 

0.5 

0.4 

0.9 

3.7 

2.2 

0.3 

nil 

nil 

0.2 

(0.1) 

11.7 

(0.2) 

7.1 

(0.2) 

(0.1) 

(0.3) 

3.7 

2.2 

nil 

nil 

nil 

0.1 

nil 

5.7 

227.6 

223.7 

249.3 

265.9 

282.6 

268.1 

246.4 

220.1 

3.2% 

5.3% 

3.6% 

3.0% 

4.1% 

4.4% 

2.9% 

2.6% 

Year ended 

December 31 

2018 

2017 

5.4 

2.6 

8.0 

15.2 

9.7 

2.9 

0.4 

0.2 

0.3 

(0.6) 

36.1 

966.4 

3.7% 

9.6 

3.7 

13.3 

14.8 

8.9 

(1.2) 

nil 

nil 

0.5 

(0.3) 

36.0 

1,017.3 

3.5% 

$millions, except percentages 

Net earnings (loss) 

Add:   Income tax expense (recovery) 

EBT 

Add:   Depreciation and amortization 

           Finance costs 

           Restructuring costs 

           Costs related to investing activities 

           Costs related to activist shareholder activities 

           Equity-settled share-based compensation 

           Loss (gain) on asset disposal 

Adjusted EBITDA 

Divided by contract revenue 

Adjusted EBITDA margin 

50 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Industrial Group 

$millions, except percentages 

EBT 

Add: Depreciation and amortization 

         Finance costs 

         Restructuring costs 

         Loss (gain) on asset disposal 

Adjusted EBITDA 

Divided by contract revenue 

Adjusted EBITDA margin 

Buildings Group 

$millions, except percentages 

EBT 

Add: Depreciation and amortization 

         Finance income 

         Restructuring costs 

         Loss (gain) on asset disposal 

Adjusted EBITDA 

Divided by contract revenue 

Adjusted EBITDA margin 

Commercial Systems Group 

$millions, except percentages 

EBT 

Add: Depreciation and amortization 

         Restructuring costs 

         Loss (gain) on asset disposal 

Adjusted EBITDA 

Divided by contract revenue 

Adjusted EBITDA margin 

51 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

Three months ended 
December 31 

Year ended 
December 31 

2018 

2017 

2018 

2017 

3.1 

1.1 

nil 

0.2 

nil 

4.2 

63.7 

6.6% 

7.3 

1.2 

nil 

0.3 

(0.1) 

8.7 

100.8 

8.6% 

18.4 

3.8 

0.1 

0.6 

(0.2) 

22.7 

297.3 

7.6% 

18.1 

4.4 

0.1 

0.9 

(0.3) 

23.2 

335.2 

6.9% 

Three months ended 
December 31 

Year ended 
December 31 

2018 

2017 

2018 

2017 

4.7 

0.2 

nil 

nil 

(0.1) 

4.8 

110.1 

4.4% 

8.6 

0.3 

nil 

(2.4) 

(0.1) 

6.4 

135.6 

4.7% 

19.7 

0.8 

(0.1) 

0.1 

(0.3) 

20.2 

452.4 

4.5% 

21.8 

1.2 

nil 

(2.4) 

(0.1) 

20.5 

540.8 

3.8% 

Three months ended 
December 31 

Year ended 
December 31 

2018 

2017 

2018 

2017 

0.4 

0.4 

nil 

nil 

0.8 

54.8 

1.5% 

6.6 

0.3 

nil 

nil 

6.9 

58.8 

11.7% 

6.4 

1.4 

0.6 

(0.1) 

8.3 

233.2 

3.6% 

11.4 

1.4 

0.3 

nil 

13.1 

186.8 

7.0% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Group 

$millions, except percentages 

Loss before tax 

Add: Depreciation and amortization 

         Finance costs 

         Restructuring costs 

         Costs related to investing activities 

         Costs related to activist shareholder activities 

         Equity-settled share-based compensation 

         Loss (gain) on asset disposal 

Adjusted EBITDA 

Three months ended 
December 31 

Year ended 
December 31 

2018 

2017 

2018 

2017 

(9.6) 

(14.7) 

(36.3) 

(37.9) 

2.3 

2.6 

1.3 

0.4 

0.2 

0.1 

nil 

1.9 

2.2 

nil 

nil 

nil 

0.1 

nil 

(2.7) 

(10.5) 

9.1 

9.7 

1.6 

0.4 

0.2 

0.3 

(0.1) 

(15.1) 

7.6 

8.9 

nil 

nil 

nil 

0.4 

nil 

(21.0) 

Adjusted Free Cash Flow and Dividend Payout Ratio 
We define adjusted free cash flow as cash generated/used in operating activities, less cash expenditures on intangible 
and  property/equipment assets (excluding  business acquisitions),  adjusted to exclude the impact of changes in  non-
cash working capital balances. Adjusted free cash flow per share is calculated as adjusted free cash flow divided by the 
basic weighted average number of shares outstanding for each period. 

Management uses adjusted free cash flow as a measure of our operating performance, reflecting the amount of cash 
flow from operations that  is available, after capital expenditures, to pay  dividends, repay  debt, repurchase  shares or 
reinvest in the business. Adjusted free cash flow is particularly useful to management because it isolates both non-cash 
working capital  invested during periods of growth  and  working capital converted to cash  during seasonal  declines  in 
activity. 

The following is a reconciliation of adjusted free cash flow and per share amounts for each of the periods presented in 
this MD&A, and the dividend payout ratio. 

Three months ended 

December 31 

Year ended 

December 31 

$millions, except per share data and number of shares 

Net cash generated in operating activities 

Less: Cash additions to intangible assets 

          Cash additions to property and equipment 

Add:  Cash invested in changes in non-cash working capital 

balances 

Adjusted free cash flow 

2018 

5.1 

(0.7) 

(0.5) 

(4.1) 

(0.2) 

2017 

17.9 

(0.4) 

(0.6) 

(6.5) 

10.4 

2018 

(13.8) 

(1.1) 

(2.5) 

36.9 

19.5 

2017 

34.5 

(0.7) 

(2.2) 

(7.7) 

23.9 

Divided by: Basic shares outstanding 

27,773,878 

27,348,951 

27,593,692 

27,175,651 

Adjusted free cash flow per share 

(0.01) 

0.38 

0.71 

0.88 

52 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We define dividend payout ratio as cash dividend payments divided by adjusted free cash flow generated in that period. 
Management  uses  the  dividend  payout  ratio  to  monitor  the  proportion  that  our  cash  dividend  payments  represent  of 
adjusted free cash flow. Our dividend payout ratio as at December 31, 2018 is calculated as follows: 

$millions, except percentages 

Cash dividend payments 

Divided by: Adjusted free cash flow 

Dividend payout ratio 

Year ended  
Dec. 31, 2018 

10.8 

19.5 

55.4% 

Long-term Indebtedness 
Long-term indebtedness is the gross value of our indebtedness. It is calculated as the principal value of long-term debt 
(current  and  non-current  amounts  before  the  deduction  of  deferred  financing  fees)  and  principal  value  at  maturity  of 
convertible debentures. 

Indebtedness to Capitalization 
Indebtedness to capitalization is a percentage metric we use to measure our financial leverage. It is calculated as long-
term indebtedness divided by the sum of long-term indebtedness and total equity. Please refer to the “Liquidity” section 
of this MD&A for the calculation. 

Net Long-Term Indebtedness to Adjusted EBITDA 
Net  long-term  indebtedness  to  adjusted  EBITDA  is  a  ratio  used  by  management  to  measure  financial  leverage.  It  is 
calculated as long-term indebtedness less cash and cash equivalents, and the result is divided by LTM adjusted EBITDA. 
Please refer to the “Liquidity” section of this MD&A for the calculation. 

Interest Coverage 
Interest coverage is a Revolver covenant calculated as LTM EBITDA, as defined by the Revolver agreement, divided by 
LTM interest expense. The Revolver agreement and related  amendments, including its  prescribed calculation of this 
covenant  and  the  definition  of  EBITDA  for  covenant  purposes,  can  be  found  under  Stuart  Olson’s  SEDAR  profile  at 
www.sedar.com. 

Debt to EBITDA 
Debt  to  EBITDA  is  a  Revolver  covenant  calculated  as  total  debt,  excluding  convertible  debentures,  divided  by  LTM 
EBITDA,  as  defined  by  the  Revolver  agreement.  The  Revolver  agreement  and  related  amendments,  including  its 
prescribed calculation of this covenant and the definition of EBITDA for covenant purposes, can be found under Stuart 
Olson’s SEDAR profile at www.sedar.com. 

Additional Borrowing Capacity and Available Liquidity 
Available  additional  borrowing  capacity  is  calculated  as  our  LTM  Revolver  EBITDA,  as  defined  by  the  Revolver 
agreement, multiplied by our maximum allowed total debt to EBITDA covenant ratio, less debt as defined by the Revolver 
agreement. Available liquidity is calculated as additional borrowing capacity plus cash on hand. The Revolver agreement 
and related amendments, including its prescribed calculation of this covenant and the definition of EBITDA for covenant 
purposes, can be found under Stuart Olson’s SEDAR profile at www.sedar.com. 

53 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
Management uses additional borrowing capacity and available liquidity to assess our ability to fund operations, capital 
requirements  and  strategic  initiatives,  including  investments  in  working  capital,  organic  growth  initiatives,  capital 
expenditures and business acquisitions. Set out below is a reconciliation of the calculation of each metric: 

$millions, except covenant ratios 

LTM Revolver EBITDA 

Total debt to EBITDA covenant 

Total borrowing capacity 

Less:    Debt per Revolver agreement 

Additional borrowing capacity on Revolver 

Add:     Cash on hand 

Available liquidity 

As at 
Dec. 31, 2018 

As at 
Dec. 31, 2017 

34.6 

3.25x 

112.5 

(41.0) 

71.5 

25.9 

97.4 

39.6 

3.25x 

128.7 

(6.5) 

122.2 

31.7 

153.9 

FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION 

Certain  information  contained  in  this  MD&A  may  constitute  forward-looking  information.  All  statements,  other  than 
statements of historical fact, may be forward-looking information. This information relates to future events or our future 
performance  and  includes  financial  outlook  or  future-oriented  financial  information.  Any  financial  outlook  or  future 
oriented financial information in the MD&A has been approved by management of Stuart Olson. Such financial outlook 
or future oriented financial information is provided for the purpose of providing information about management’s current 
expectations and plans relating to the future. Forward-looking information is often, but not always, identified by the use 
of  words  such  as  “seek”,  “anticipate”,  “plan”,  “continue”,  “estimate”,  “expect”,  “may",  "will”,  “see”,  “project”,  “predict”, 
“propose”,  “potential”,  “targeting”,  “intend”,  “could”,  “might”,  “should”,  “believe”,  “growth”,  “momentum”  and  similar 
expressions. This information involves known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual 
results or events to differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking information. No assurance can be 
given that the information will prove to be correct and such information should not be unduly relied upon by investors as 
actual results may vary significantly. This information speaks only as of the date of this MD&A and is expressly qualified, 
in its entirety, by this cautionary statement. 

In particular, this MD&A contains forward-looking information, pertaining to the following: 

  Our capital expenditure program for 2019; 
  Our objective to manage our capital resources so as to ensure that we have sufficient liquidity to pursue growth 

objectives, while maintaining a prudent amount of financial leverage; 

  Our belief that we have sufficient capital resources and liquidity, and ability to generate ongoing cash flows to 
meet  commitments,  support  operations,  finance  capital  expenditures,  support  growth  strategies  and  fund 
declared dividends; 

  The entire section with the heading “Outlook” and our expectations about backlog execution, revenue, adjusted 

EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margins on a consolidated basis and for each of our operating groups; 

  The entire section with the heading “Future Accounting Changes” and including whether such changes will be 

adopted and the resulting effects therefrom; 

  The entire section with the heading “Strategy” and our ability to execute on our strategy; 
  The  Board’s  confidence  in  our  ability  to  generate  sufficient  operating  cash  flows  to  support  management’s 
business plans, including its growth strategy, while providing a certain amount of income to shareholders; 

54 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  Our expectation that restructuring and cost-cutting initiatives will deliver permanent expense reductions going 

forward; 

  Our expectations as to future general economic conditions and the impact those conditions may have on the 
company  and  our  businesses  including,  without  limitation,  the  reaction  of  oil  sands  owners  to  changes  in  oil 
prices; and 

  Our projected use of cash resources.  

With  respect  to  forward-looking  information  listed  above  and  contained  in  this  MD&A,  we  have  made  assumptions 
regarding, among other things: 

  The expected performance of the global and Canadian economies and the effects thereof on our businesses; 
  The market conditions across Canada and in particular, in Alberta; 
  The ability of counterparties with whom we invest cash and equivalents to meet their obligations;  
  The impact of competition on our businesses;  
  The  global  demand  for  oil  and  natural  gas,  its  impact  on  commodity  prices  and  its  related  effect  on  capital 

investment projects in Western Canada; and 

  Government policies. 

Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in this forward-looking information as a result of the risk 
factors set forth below: 

Industry and inherent project delivery risks; 

  Regional concentration; 
  Access to capital and liquidity; 
  Potential for non-payment and credit risk and ongoing availability of financing; 
 
  Changes in laws and regulations; 
  Dependence on the public sector; 
  Client concentration; 
  Labour matters;  
  Loss of key management, and the inability to attract and retain management; 
  Subcontractor performance; 
  Unanticipated shutdowns; 
  Maintenance of safe worksites; 
  Failures of joint venture partners; 
  Cybersecurity, or other interruptions to information technology systems; 
  Competition and reputation; 
  Limitations of insurance; 
  Litigation risk; 
  Corporate guarantees and letters of credit; 
  Availability of performance bonds; 
  Volatility of market trading; 
  Failure of clients to obtain required permits and licenses; 
  Declaration and payment of dividends; 
  Compliance with environmental laws; 
  Fluctuations in the price of oil, natural gas and other commodities; 
Inadequate project execution; 
 
  Unpredictable weather conditions;  
  Erroneous or incorrect cost estimates; 

55 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
  Unexpected adjustments and cancellations of projects; 
  Adverse outcomes from current or pending disputes;  
  General global economic and business conditions including the effect, if any, of a slowdown in Canada; 
  Weak capital and/or credit markets; 
  Fluctuations in currency and interest rates; 
  Timing of client’s capital or maintenance projects; 
  Action or non-action of customers, suppliers and/or partners; and 
  Those other risk factors described in our most recent Annual Information Form. 

The forward-looking information contained in this MD&A is provided as of the date hereof and we undertake no obligation 
to update or revise any forward-looking information, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, 
unless required by applicable securities laws. 

Additional Information 
Additional  information  regarding  Stuart  Olson,  including  our  current  Annual  Information  Form  and  other  required 
securities  filings,  is  available  on  our  website  at  www.stuartolson.com  and  under  Stuart  Olson’s  SEDAR  profile  at 
www.sedar.com. 

56 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S REPORT 

Management’s Responsibility for the Financial Statements 
The management of Stuart Olson Inc. is responsible for the preparation of the consolidated financial  statements. The 
financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by 
the International Accounting Standards Board and include certain estimates that reflect management’s best judgment. 

Management maintains appropriate systems of internal control. Policies and procedures are designed to give reasonable 
assurance  that  transactions  are  properly  authorized,  assets  are  safeguarded  and  financial  records  are  properly 
maintained to provide reliable information for the preparation of consolidated financial statements. 

The Board of Directors is responsible for ensuring that management fulfills its responsibilities for financial reporting and 
is  ultimately  responsible  for  reviewing  and  approving  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  The  Board  fulfills  its 
responsibility  in  this  regard  principally  through  its  Audit  Committee.  The  Audit  Committee  is  comprised  entirely  of 
independent and financially literate Directors. The Audit Committee meets periodically with management, the internal 
auditors and the external auditors to review the consolidated financial statements, the management’s discussion and 
analysis, auditing matters, financial reporting issues, the appropriateness of the accounting policies, significant estimates 
and  judgments,  to  discuss  the  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting  process  and  to  oversee  the  discharge  of 
responsibilities  of  the  respective  parties.  The  Audit  Committee  reports  its  findings  to  the  Board  of  Directors  for 
consideration when it approves the consolidated financial statements. 

Deloitte  LLP,  whose  report  follows,  were  appointed  as  independent,  external  auditors  by  a  vote  of  the  Corporation’s 
shareholders to audit the consolidated financial statements. 

The  Audit  Committee  has  recommended,  and  the  Board  of  Directors  has  approved  the  information  contained  in  the 
consolidated financial statements. 

(Signed) “David LeMay”                                       (Signed) “Daryl E. Sands”                                                

David LeMay, MBA  
President and Chief Executive Officer  

Daryl E. Sands, CA 
Executive Vice President Finance and Chief Financial Officer 

March 5, 2019 

57 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report 
To the Shareholders of Stuart Olson Inc.   

Opinion 
We  have  audited  the  consolidated  financial  statements  of  Stuart  Olson  Inc.  (the  “Company”),  which  comprise  the 
consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the consolidated statements of 
earnings  and  comprehensive  earnings,  changes  in  equity  and  cash  flow  for  the  years  then  ended,  and  notes  to  the 
consolidated financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies (collectively referred to as the 
“financial statements”). 

In our opinion, the accompanying financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the 
Company as at December 31, 2018 and 2017, and its financial performance and its cash flows for the years then ended 
in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).  

Basis for Opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards (“Canadian GAAS”). Our 
responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial 
Statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that 
are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in Canada, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in 
accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate 
to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Other Information 
Management is responsible for the other information.  The other information comprises: 

  Management’s Discussion and Analysis  
  The information, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon, in the Annual Report.  

Our  opinion  on  the  financial  statements  does  not  cover  the  other  information  and  we  do  not  express  any  form  of 
assurance conclusion thereon. In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the 
other information identified above and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with 
the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.  

We obtained Management’s Discussion and Analysis and the Annual Report prior to the date of this auditor’s report.  If, 
based on the work we have performed on this other information, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of 
this other information, we are required to report that fact in this auditor’s report. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Financial Statements 
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance with IFRS, 
and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements 
that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Company’s ability to continue as a 
going  concern,  disclosing,  as  applicable,  matters  related  to  going  concern  and  using  the  going  concern  basis  of 
accounting  unless  management  either  intends  to  liquidate  the  Company  or  to  cease  operations,  or  has  no  realistic 
alternative but to do so. 

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company’s financial reporting process. 

58 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements 
Our  objectives  are  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  financial  statements  as  a  whole  are  free from 
material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error,  and  to  issue  an  auditor’s  report  that  includes  our  opinion. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with 
Canadian GAAS will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error 
and  are  considered  material  if,  individually  or  in  the  aggregate,  they  could  reasonably  be  expected  to  influence  the 
economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

As part of an audit in accordance with Canadian GAAS, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional 
skepticism throughout the audit. We also: 

 

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or  error, 
design  and  perform  audit  procedures  responsive  to  those  risks,  and  obtain  audit  evidence  that  is  sufficient  and 
appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud 
is  higher  than  for  one  resulting  from  error,  as  fraud  may  involve  collusion,  forgery,  intentional  omissions, 
misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. 

  Obtain  an  understanding  of  internal  control  relevant  to  the  audit  in  order  to  design  audit  procedures  that  are 
appropriate  in  the  circumstances,  but  not  for  the  purpose  of  expressing  an  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the 
Company’s internal control.  

  Evaluate  the  appropriateness  of  accounting  policies  used  and  the  reasonableness  of  accounting  estimates  and 

related disclosures made by management. 

  Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the 
audit  evidence  obtained,  whether  a  material  uncertainty  exists  related  to  events  or  conditions  that  may  cast 
significant doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty 
exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the financial statements 
or,  if  such  disclosures  are  inadequate,  to  modify  our  opinion.  Our  conclusions  are  based  on  the  audit  evidence 
obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to 
cease to continue as a going concern. 

  Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, and 
whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair 
presentation. 

  Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities 
within  the  Company  to  express  an  opinion  on  the  financial  statements.  We  are  responsible  for  the  direction, 
supervision and performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion. 

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing 
of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during 
our audit. 

We  also  provide  those  charged  with  governance  with  a  statement  that  we  have  complied  with  relevant  ethical 
requirements  regarding  independence,  and  to  communicate  with  them  all  relationships  and  other  matters  that  may 
reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards. 

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Mr. Andrew Coutts. 

(Signed) “Deloitte LLP” 

Chartered Professional Accountants 
Calgary, Alberta 
March 5, 2019 

59 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
60 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

STUART OLSON INC.Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive EarningsFor the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts)December 31,December 31,Note 2018 2017Contract revenue8966,408$             1,017,311$          Contract costs870,306               913,371               Contract income96,102                 103,940               Other income1,364                   1,289                   Finance income983                        36                        Administrative costs(79,769)                (83,061)                Finance costs9(9,751)                  (8,875)                  Earnings before tax8,029                   13,329                 Income tax (expense) recoveryCurrent income tax(1,288)                  1,378                   Deferred income tax(1,368)                  (5,105)                  12(2,656)                  (3,727)                  Net earnings5,373                   9,602                   Other comprehensive lossItems that will not be reclassified to net earningsDefined benefit plan actuarial loss13(1,078)                  (972)                     Deferred tax recovery on other comprehensive loss12366                      262                      (712)                     (710)                     Total comprehensive earnings4,661$                 8,892$                 Earnings per share:Basic earnings per share140.19$                   0.35$                   Diluted earnings per share140.19$                   0.35$                   Weighted average common shares:Basic1427,593,692          27,175,651          Diluted 1427,773,878          27,175,651          See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.                                                                                                                                      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
61 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

STUART OLSON INC.Consolidated Statements of Financial PositionAs at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017(in thousands of Canadian dollars)December 31,December 31,Note 2018 2017ASSETSCurrent assetsCash and cash equivalents1525,905$               31,651$               Trade and other receivables16240,461               249,476               Inventory391                      397                      Prepaid expenses3,283                   3,445                   Costs in excess of billings1761,992                 49,739                 Income taxes recoverable2,928                   4,352                   334,960               339,060               Long-term receivable and prepaid expenses1,553                   1,360                   Deferred tax asset1220,439                 21,463                 Property and equipment1823,657                 17,450                 Goodwill19214,708               214,024               Intangible assets2029,991                 36,977                 625,308$             630,334$             LIABILITIESCurrent liabilitiesTrade and other payables21196,127$             222,590$             Contract advances and unearned income1758,048                 73,470                 Current portion of provisions228,206                   6,376                   Income taxes payable2,239                   1,051                   Current portion of long-term debt 233,012                   2,488                   Current portion of convertible debentures 2478,241                 -                           345,873               305,975               Employee benefits13(b)3,290                   3,136                   Provisions221,849                   1,199                   Long-term debt 2343,089                 5,964                   Convertible debentures24-                           76,170                 Deferred tax liability1221,427                 20,401                 Share-based payments25(d)6,903                   8,516                   Other liabilities2,115                   2,531                   424,546               423,892               EQUITYShare capital 26(a)147,692               144,968               Convertible debentures244,589                   4,589                   Share-based payment reserve25(a)11,497                 11,309                 Contributed surplus12,228                 12,228                 Retained earnings 24,756                 33,348                 200,762               206,442               625,308$             630,334$             See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.On behalf of the Board of Directors:(Signed) "Albrecht W.A. Bellstedt"(Signed) "Raymond D. Crossley"Albrecht W.A. BellstedtRaymond D. CrossleyChairpersonDirector                                                                                                                                      
 
 
 
 
 
 
62 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

STUART OLSON INC.Consolidated Statements of Changes in EquityFor the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017(in thousands of Canadian dollars)Share-BasedShareConvertiblePaymentContributedRetained Total NoteCapitalDebenturesReserveSurplusEarningsEquityBalance as at December 31, 2017144,968$         4,589$             11,309$           12,228$           33,348$           206,442$         Net earnings5,373               5,373               Other comprehensive loss:    Defined benefit plan actuarial loss, net of tax(712)                 (712)                 Total comprehensive earnings4,661               4,661               Transactions recorded directly to equityShare-based compensation expense under stock option plan25(a)188                  188                  Common shares issued under stock option plan26(a)279                  279                  Dividends26(a,b)2,445               (13,253)            (10,808)            Balance as at December 31, 2018147,692$         4,589$             11,497$           12,228$           24,756$           200,762$         Balance as at December 31, 2016142,687$         4,589$             10,793$           12,228$           37,508$           207,805$         Net earnings9,602               9,602               Other comprehensive loss:    Defined benefit plan actuarial loss, net of tax(710)                 (710)                 Total comprehensive earnings8,892               8,892               Transactions recorded directly to equityShare-based compensation expense under stock option plan25(a)516                  516                  Dividends26(a,b)2,281               (13,052)            (10,771)            Balance as at December 31, 2017144,968$         4,589$             11,309$           12,228$           33,348$           206,442$         See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.                                                                                                                                      
 
 
 
 
 
       
63 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

STUART OLSON INC.Consolidated Statements of Cash FlowFor the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017(in thousands of Canadian dollars) December 31,  December 31, Note 2018  2017 OPERATING ACTIVITIESNet earnings5,373$                 9,602$                 Gain on disposal of assets(554)                     (426)                     Depreciation and amortization1015,227                 14,945                 Share-based compensation (recovery) expense25(e)(345)                     6,319                   Defined benefit pension plan expense13(b)1,083                   1,268                   Finance costs 99,751                   8,875                   Income tax expense122,656                   3,727                   Income tax recovery recorded in contract costs(503)                     (926)                     Change in long-term receivable and prepaid expenses (193)                     270                      Change in provisions221,579                   (2,164)                  Change in other long-term liabilities(416)                     (371)                     Change in non-cash working capital balances27(36,960)                7,577                   Payment of share-based payment liability(2,976)                  (1,571)                  Contributions to defined benefit pension plan 13(b)(2,007)                  (1,839)                  Interest paid(7,073)                  (6,414)                  Income taxes received (paid)1,538                   (4,420)                  Net cash (used) generated in operating activities (13,820)                34,452                  INVESTING ACTIVITIESAcquisition of Tartan5(12,076)                -                           Change in long-term receivable-                           100                      Proceeds on disposal of assets830                      712                      Additions to intangible assets20(1,111)                  (722)                     Additions to property and equipment(2,520)                  (2,205)                  Net cash used in investing activities(14,877)                (2,115)                  FINANCING ACTIVITIESChange in service provider deposit-                           6,365                   Proceeds of long-term debt294,000               305,355               Repayment of long-term debt(260,499)              (333,160)              Issuance of common shares209                      -                           Dividend paid26(b)(10,759)                (10,717)                Net cash generated (used) in financing activities22,951                 (32,157)                (Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents during the year(5,746)                  180                      Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the year31,651                 31,471                 Cash and cash equivalents, end of the year25,905$               31,651$               See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.                                                                                                                                      
 
 
 
 
 
  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

1. REPORTING ENTITY  

Stuart Olson Inc. was incorporated on August 31, 1981 under the Companies Act of Alberta and was continued under 
the Business Corporations Act (Alberta) on July 30, 1985. The principal activities of Stuart Olson Inc. and its subsidiaries 
(collectively, the Corporation) are to provide general contracting and electrical building systems contracting in the public 
and private construction markets, as well as general contracting, electrical, mechanical and specialty trades, such as 
insulation,  cladding  and  asbestos  abatement,  in  the  industrial  construction  and  services  market.  The  Corporation 
provides its services to a wide array of clients within Canada.  

The Corporation’s head office and its principal address is #600, 4820 Richard Road S.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 
T3E 6L1. The registered and records office of the Corporation is located at #3700, 400 – 3rd Avenue, S.W., Calgary, 
Alberta, Canada, T2P 4H2. 

2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION  

(a)  Statement of compliance 

The consolidated financial statements of the Corporation have been prepared in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (IFRS). 

These consolidated financial statements were approved by the Corporation’s Board of Directors on March 5, 2019.  

(b)  Functional and presentation currency 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  are  presented  in  Canadian  dollars,  which  is  the  Corporation’s  functional 
currency. Unless otherwise indicated, all financial information presented has been rounded to the nearest thousand. 

(c)  Basis of measurement 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for the following material 
items in the consolidated statements of financial position: 

  Financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value;  
  Certain financial assets are measured at fair value; and 
  Liabilities for cash-settled share-based payment arrangements are measured at fair value. 

These consolidated financial statements were prepared on a going concern basis.  

(d)  Use of estimates and judgments 

The  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  IFRS  requires  management  to  make 
judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of 
assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates. 

64 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

Estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing  basis.  Revisions  to  accounting  estimates  are 
recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected. 

Uncertainty  is inherent  in estimating the cost of completing construction projects, percentage of revenue earned, the 
estimated useful life and residual value of property and equipment and corresponding depreciation rates, the useful life 
of intangible assets and corresponding amortization rates, allowances for doubtful accounts receivable, deferred income 
taxes, employee benefits, provision for warranty work and legal contingencies, valuation of share-based payments and 
the  recoverable  amount  of  intangible  assets  including  goodwill,  and  other  financial  instruments.  The  impact  on  the 
consolidated financial statements of future changes in such estimates could be material within the next financial year. 

Information about critical judgments in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the amounts 
recognized in the consolidated financial statements are related to: 

  Convertible  debentures  –  judgments  applied  to  determine  the  classification  of  debt  and  equity  components  of 
convertible debentures (Note 24); judgments applied in the selection of comparable marketable debentures used in 
the calculation at inception of the fair value of the liability component of convertible debentures (Note 28(a)); and 
Income taxes – judgments applied to determine the likelihood of future taxable profits that will be sufficient to permit 
the recovery of deferred income tax assets (Note 12); judgments exercised in the assessment of continually changing 
tax interpretations, regulations and legislations. 

 

Information  about  assumptions  and  estimation  uncertainties  that  have  a  significant  risk  of  resulting  in  material 
adjustments within the next financial year are related to: 

  Revenue recognition – estimates used to determine percentage of completion for construction contracts, specifically 
related to estimated costs to complete included in the various construction projects (Note 8). In addition, estimates 
are used to determine variations, claims and incentives included in contract values;  

  Estimates used to determine costs in excess of billings and contract advances (Note 17) – estimates in respect of 
variable consideration included as part of costs in excess of billings to the extent not yet billed. There is inherent 
uncertainty with these amounts as they may be subject to negotiation; 

  Estimates used to determine allowance for doubtful accounts (Notes 16 and 28(b)(i)); 
  Measurement of defined benefit pension obligations (Note 13); 
  Property and equipment – estimates related to the useful lives and residual values of assets (Note 18); 
  Estimates in impairment of property and equipment, goodwill and intangible assets (Notes 18, 19 and 20); 
  Provisions – estimates associated with amounts and timing (Note 22); and 
  Assumptions used in share-based payment arrangements (Note 25).  

65 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

(a)  New accounting standards and amendments adopted 

(i) 

IFRS 15 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers  

The Corporation adopted IFRS 15 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers using the full retrospective approach on 
January  1,  2018.  IFRS  15  supercedes  IAS  11  –  Construction  Contracts  and  IAS  18  –  Revenue,  and  related 
interpretations. The Corporation has detailed below the impact of the transition to IFRS 15 on its accounting policy for 
revenue recognition. 

The Corporation applied IFRS 15 retrospectively to all contracts that were not complete on January 1, 2018, the date of 
initial  application,  in  order  to  determine  if  an  adjustment  was  required  for  prior  periods  presented.  The  Corporation 
performed a comprehensive review of existing contracts, control processes and revenue recognition methodology. In 
evaluating the impact of IFRS 15 on previously reported comparative figures, the Corporation determined that there was 
no  change  required  as  the  existing  revenue  recognition  practices  met  the  requirements  of  IFRS  15.  There  were  no 
changes to the classification and timing of revenue recognition, the measurement of contract costs and the recognition 
of costs in excess of billings (contract assets) and contract advances and unearned income (contract liabilities). 

The Corporation continues to recognize revenue at a contract level as performance obligations are satisfied over time, 
using project stage of completion based on costs incurred, labour hours expended and resources consumed. Revenue 
is recognized by applying the five-step model under IFRS 15.  

Recognition requirements surrounding contract modifications (variations and claims) have been implemented, where the 
Corporation is required to provide a high level of evidence of customer acceptance. For any change in transaction price 
as a result of a variation or claim, the Corporation will only recognize revenue to the extent that it is highly probable that 
revenue will not significantly reverse in the future.  

Updated accounting policies for IFRS 15 are included within the revenue recognition section of this note. Refer to Notes 
8, 17 and 33 for additional disclosures related to disaggregated revenue, movements in costs in excess of billings and 
contract advances and unearned income, and remaining performance obligations, respectively.  

(ii)  IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments 

IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments was issued to replace IAS 39 – Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. 
The  Corporation  adopted  IFRS  9  retrospectively  on  January  1,  2018.  IFRS  9  introduces  a  logical  approach  for  the 
classification of financial assets, which is driven by cash flow characteristics and the business model in  which an asset 
is  held.  This  single  principle-based  approach  replaces  existing  rule-based  requirements.  IFRS  9  results  in  a  single 
impairment model being applied to all financial instruments measured at amortized cost or at fair value through other 
comprehensive income. This expected credit loss impairment model requires more timely recognition of expected credit 
losses.  Specifically,  the  new  standard  requires  entities  to  account  for  expected  credit  losses  from  when  financial 
instruments are first recognized and to recognize full lifetime expected losses on a timelier basis. The adoption of this 
standard  did  not  have  a  material  impact  to  the  Corporation’s  consolidated  financial  statements.  The  Corporation’s 
policies and procedures surrounding the identification of credit risk and the recognition of credit losses comply with the 
requirements of this standard.  

The  accounting  policies  for  financial  instruments  are  included  within  this  note.  Refer  to  Note  28(b)  for  additional 
disclosures related to the Corporation’s financial instruments.  

66 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

(iii)  IFRS 2 – Share-based Payment 

Amendments  have  been  issued  for  IFRS  2  –  Share-based  Payment,  providing  clarification  on  the  classification  and 
measurement of certain types of share-based payment transactions. The Corporation adopted the amendments to IFRS 
2 retrospectively on January 1, 2018. The amendments to IFRS 2 clarify that the accounting for the effects of vesting 
and non-vesting conditions on cash-settled share-based payments should follow the same approach as for equity-settled 
share-based payments. The amendments impact the  Corporation’s disclosure surrounding Performance Share Units 
(PSUs) outstanding, adjusting the number of units disclosed to factor in performance conditions that modify the vested 
value.  The  adoption  of  these  amendments  did  not  have  any  other  material  impact  to  the  consolidated  financial 
statements. 

The accounting policies for share-based payments are included within this note. Refer to Note 25(b) for a reconciliation 
of the PSUs. 

(b)  Principles of consolidation 

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Corporation and entities controlled by 
the Corporation (its subsidiaries). Control exists when the Corporation has the power, directly or indirectly, to govern the 
financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefit from its activities. All subsidiary companies are wholly 
owned and inter-company balances, transactions, revenues and expenses have been eliminated on consolidation. The 
Corporation  recognizes  the  assets,  liabilities,  revenues  and  expenses  relating  to  its  interest  in  a  joint  operation  in 
accordance  with the IFRS  applicable to  the particular assets, liabilities, revenues and  expenses.  Accounting policies 
have been applied consistently by the subsidiaries of the Corporation. 

(i)  Business combinations 

Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration transferred in a business 
combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the acquisition-date fair values of the assets 
transferred to the Corporation, liabilities incurred by the Corporation to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity 
interests issued or cash paid by the Corporation in exchange for control of the acquiree. Acquisition-related costs are 
recognized in profit or loss as incurred, unless related to the issuance of debt or equity. 

At the acquisition  date, the identifiable  assets acquired and the  liabilities assumed are recognized at their  fair value, 
except that: 

  Deferred tax assets or liabilities and assets or liabilities related to employee benefit arrangements are recognized 

and measured in accordance with IAS 12 – Income Taxes, and IAS 19 – Employee Benefits, respectively; 

  Liabilities  or  equity  instruments  related  to  share-based  payment  arrangements  of  the  acquiree  or  share-based 
payment  arrangements  of  the  Corporation  entered  into  to  replace  share-based  payment  arrangements  of  the 
acquiree are measured in accordance with IFRS 2 – Share-based Payment, at the acquisition date; and 

  Assets  that  are  classified  as  held-for-sale  in  accordance  with  IFRS  5  –  Non-current  Assets  Held  for  Sale  and 

Discontinued Operations, are measured in accordance with that standard. 

67 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

The  Corporation  measures  goodwill  as  the  excess  of  the  sum  of  the  fair  value  of  the  consideration  transferred,  the 
amount of any non-controlling interests and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held interest in the acquiree, if any, 
over  the  net  recognized  amount  (generally  fair  value)  of  the  identifiable  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed,  all 
measured as of the acquisition date. 

When  the  consideration  transferred  includes  liabilities  from  a  contingent  consideration  arrangement,  the  contingent 
consideration is measured at its acquisition-date fair value and included as part of the consideration transferred. Changes 
in  the  fair  value  of  the  contingent  consideration  that  qualify  as  measurement  period  adjustments  are  adjusted 
retrospectively, with corresponding adjustments against goodwill. Measurement period adjustments are those that arise 
from additional information obtained during the ‘measurement period’ about facts and circumstances that existed at the 
acquisition date.  

Subsequent to the acquisition date, contingent consideration that is classified as a liability is remeasured at subsequent 
reporting dates, with the corresponding gain or loss being recognized in earnings or loss. 

(ii)  Joint arrangements 

The  classification  of  joint  arrangements  is  determined  based  on  the  rights  and  obligations  of  parties  involved  by 
considering  the  structure,  the  legal  form  of  the  arrangement,  the  contractual  terms  agreed  by  the  parties  to  the 
arrangement, and, when relevant, other facts and circumstances. A joint operation is a joint arrangement whereby the 
parties that have joint control of the arrangement (i.e. joint operators) have rights to the assets, and obligations for the 
liabilities, relating to the arrangement.  A joint venture is a joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control 
of the arrangement (i.e. joint venturers) have rights to the net assets of the arrangement. 

The initial and subsequent accounting for joint ventures and joint operations are different.  Investments in joint ventures 
are accounted for using the equity method. Investments in joint operations are accounted for such that each joint operator 
recognizes  its  assets  (including  its  share  of  any  assets  jointly  held),  its  liabilities  (including  its  share  of  any  liabilities 
incurred jointly), its revenue (including its share of revenue from the sale of the output by the joint operation) and its 
expenses (including its share of any expenses incurred jointly). Each joint operator accounts for the assets and liabilities, 
as well as revenue and expenses, relating to its interest in the joint operation in accordance with the applicable IFRS. 

The Corporation’s existing joint arrangements have been classified as joint operations. 

(c)  Revenue recognition 

(i) 

Identification of a contract with a customer 

A contract with a customer exists when the contract is legally enforceable and all of the following criteria are met: 

  The contract is approved and the parties are committed to perform their respective obligations; 
  Each parties’ rights regarding the goods and services to be transferred can be identified; 
  The payment terms for the goods and services can be identified; 
  The contract has commercial substance, meaning the risk, timing or amount of the Corporation’s future cash flows 

 

is expected to change as a result of the contract; and  
It is probable that the Corporation will collect the consideration to which it will be entitled to in exchange for the goods 
or services that will be transferred to the customer. 

68 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

A contract does not exist if each party has the unilateral enforceable right to terminate a wholly unperformed contract 
without compensating the other party. A contract is wholly unperformed if the Corporation has not yet transferred any 
promised goods or services to the customer and the Corporation has not yet received, and is not yet entitled to receive, 
any consideration in exchange for promised goods or services. 

When determining the proper revenue recognition method for contracts, the Corporation evaluates whether two or more 
contracts should be combined and accounted for as a single contract and whether the combined or single contract should 
be  accounted  for  as  more  than  one  performance  obligation.  This  evaluation  requires  significant  judgment  and  the 
decision to combine a group of contracts or to separate a single contract into multiple performance obligations could 
affect the amount of revenue and profit recorded in the reporting period. One or more contracts that are entered into at 
or near the same time, with the same customer, shall be combined as a single contract if one or more of the following 
criteria are met: 

  The contracts are negotiated as a package with a single commercial objective; 
  The amount of consideration to be paid in one contract depends on the price or performance of the other contract; 

and 

  The goods or services promised in the contracts represent a single performance obligation. 

The Corporation’s revenue streams include construction contracts, service contracts and  the sale of goods. Refer to 
Note 4 for the allocation of total revenue to the revenue streams, along with the disaggregation of revenue from contracts 
with customers by contract type.  

(ii)  Identifying performance obligations in a contract 

Performance obligations are those distinct services or goods which the Corporation explicitly or implicitly promises to 
provide to customers. For most of the Corporation’s contracts, individual goods and services are integrated as inputs to 
deliver  a  combined  output  in  order  to  fulfill  its  promise  to  the  customer.  The  individual  goods  and  services  that  the 
Corporation provides are often highly dependent and interrelated. As a result, the entire contract is accounted for as one 
performance obligation. Less frequently, the Corporation may provide several distinct goods and services, in which case 
separate performance obligations would be identified.  

(iii)  Determining the transaction price 

The transaction  price  is the amount  of consideration  that the Corporation is reasonably  expected to be entitled to in 
exchange for transferring goods and services to a customer. The Corporation estimates the transaction price at contract 
inception,  including  any  variable  consideration,  and  updates  the  estimate  each  reporting  period  for  any  changes  in 
circumstances. The transaction price may include the effects of fixed consideration, variable consideration, significant 
financing  components,  non-cash  considerations  and  consideration  payable  to  the  customer.  The  majority  of  the 
Corporation’s contracts include information about fixed consideration that is used to estimate the transaction price. Some 
contracts, particularly master service agreements and maintenance service contracts, do not specify the amount of fixed 
consideration at contract inception, but will have a transaction price assigned to it once a work order is issued. For the 
purpose of revenue recognition and disclosure, only the transaction price of secured work, as evidenced by work orders, 
would be included. 

69 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

Variable  consideration  includes  all  consideration  that  is  subject  to  uncertainty  for  reasons  other  than  collectability. 
Examples include discounts, rebates, refunds, credits, incentives, performance bonuses/penalties, contingencies, price 
concessions  or  other  similar  items.  These  variable  amounts  generally  are  awarded  upon  achievement  of  certain 
performance metrics, milestones  or cost targets and can be based  upon customer discretion. Variable consideration 
also includes change orders that have not been approved, as well as claims. Claims are amounts in excess of the agreed 
contract price, or amounts not included in the original contract price, that the Corporation seeks to collect from customers 
for delays, errors in specifications and designs, contract terminations, change orders in dispute or unapproved as to both 
scope and price, or other causes of unanticipated additional costs. The Corporation estimates variable consideration by 
applying the highly probable threshold to either the most likely amount or expected value method, depending on which 
method  is  most  appropriate  for  the  contract  type  and  circumstance.  The  method  chosen  is  applied  consistently 
throughout the contract and to similar types of contracts. The highly probable threshold is met when it is highly probable 
that the recognized revenue will not significantly reverse upon settlement of the variable consideration.  

Contract modifications occur when there is a change in contract specifications and requirements, and they create new, 
or change existing, enforceable rights and obligations under the contract. If the contract modification is for goods and 
services that are not distinct from the existing contract, the effect of the contract modification on the transaction price 
and the measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates, is recognized as a cumulative adjustment 
to revenue as either an increase or decrease in revenue. If the contract modification is for goods and services that are 
distinct from the existing contract and the pricing of the contract modification reflects the standalone selling price of the 
additional goods or services, then the contract modification is treated as a separate contract. 

(iv)  Allocating the transaction price to performance obligations 

The transaction price must be allocated to the performance obligations in a contract. The majority of the Corporation’s 
contracts have one performance obligation. If a contract is separated into more than one performance obligation, the 
total  transaction  price  is  allocated  to  each  performance  obligation  in  an  amount  based  on  the  estimated  relative 
standalone selling prices of the promises goods or services underlying each performance obligation.  

(v)  Recognizing revenue when or as performance obligations are satisfied  

The Corporation typically transfers the control of goods or services, and satisfies performance obligations, over time. As 
a result of control passing over time, revenue is recognized based on the extent of progress towards completion of the 
performance obligation.  

Contract  revenue  includes  the  initial  amount  agreed  in  the  contract  plus  any  variations  in  contract  work,  claims  and 
incentive payments, to the extent that it is highly probable that they will result in revenue. As soon as the outcome of a 
construction contract can be estimated reliably, contract revenue is recognized in profit or loss in proportion to the stage 
of completion of the contract at the end of the reporting period. Contract expenses are recognized as incurred unless 
they create an asset related to future contract activity. When estimates of total costs to be incurred on a performance 
obligation exceed the total estimated revenue to be earned, a provision for the entire loss on the performance obligation 
is recognized in the period the loss is determined.  

70 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

(vi)  Remaining performance obligations 

Remaining  performance  obligations  mean  the  total  value  of  work  that  has  not  yet  been  that  completed  that:  (a)  is 
assessed by the Corporation as having a high certainty of being performed, either by the existence of a contract or work 
order specifying job scope, value and timing, or (b) has been awarded to the Corporation, as evidenced by an executed 
letter of intent or agreement, describing the general job scope, value and timing of such work, and with the finalization 
of a formal contract respecting such work assessed by the Corporation as being reasonably assured.   

(d)  Income taxes 

Current  and  deferred  tax  are  recognized  in  profit  or  loss  except  to  the  extent  that  it  relates  to  assets  acquired  and 
liabilities assumed in a business combination or items recognized directly in equity or other comprehensive earnings. 

Current  tax  is  recognized  and  measured  at  the  amount  expected  to  be  recovered  from  or  payable  to  the  taxation 
authorities based on the income tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period and includes 
any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years.  

The  Corporation  follows  the  liability  method  of  accounting  for  income  taxes.  Under  this  method,  deferred  tax  is 
recognized  on  any  temporary  difference  between  the  carrying  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  in  the  consolidated 
financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable earnings.   

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the asset 
is realized and the liability is settled based on tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted 
by the end of the reporting period. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences 
that would follow from the manner in which the Corporation expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or 
settle the carrying amounts of its assets and liabilities. The effect of a change in the enacted or substantively enacted 
tax rates is recognized in net earnings and comprehensive earnings or in equity, depending on the item to which the 
adjustment relates. 

Deferred  tax  is  recognized  on  temporary  differences  arising  from  investments  in  subsidiaries,  and  interests  in  joint 
arrangements, except in the case where the Corporation is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and 
it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 

Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent future recovery is probable. At each reporting period end, deferred tax 
assets are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or 
part of the asset to be recovered.  

Deferred tax  assets and  liabilities  are  not recognized if the temporary difference arises from the  initial recognition  of 
goodwill or the initial recognition of other assets and liabilities in a transaction which is not a business combination and, 
at the time of the transaction, affects neither accounting net earnings nor taxable earnings. 

(e)  Employee benefits 

(i)  Short-term employee benefits 

The Corporation has an Employee Share Purchase Plan (ESPP). The Corporation contributes to the plan based on the 
amount of employee contributions.  Short-term employee benefit  obligations are  measured on an undiscounted  basis 
and are expensed as the related services are provided.  

Short-term compensation includes an annual discretionary employee cash bonus. A liability is recognized for the amount 
expected to be paid under short-term cash bonuses. 

71 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

(ii) Post-employment benefits 

The Corporation has a Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP). The Corporation contributes to the plan based on 
the amount of employee contributions. The related obligation of RRSPs are measured on an undiscounted basis and 
are expensed as the related services are provided. 

The Corporation maintains two registered pension plans. Each plan includes a defined contribution (DC) provision and 
a non-contributory defined benefit (DB) provision. The DB provision covers salaried employees for two of the operating 
segments.  Annual  employer  contributions  to  the  DB  provision  of  each  plan,  which  are  actuarially  determined  by  an 
independent actuary, are made on the basis of being not less than the minimum amounts required by provincial pension 
supervisory authorities. 

Unlike  the  DB  provision,  there  is  no  obligation  recorded  for  the  DC  provision.  The  DC  contributions  made  by  the 
Corporation are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related services are provided. 

Defined benefit pension costs are actuarially determined using the projected unit credit method and management’s best 
estimate of salary escalation and retirement age of employees. The Corporation’s net obligation in respect of DB pension 
plans is calculated separately for each plan by estimating the amount of future benefits that employees have earned in 
return for their service in the current and prior periods; that benefit is discounted to determine its present value. Any 
recognized past service costs and the fair value of plan assets are deducted. The discount rate used to establish the 
pension obligation is based on AA-rated corporate bond yields at the measurement date. When the calculation results 
in a benefit to the Corporation, the recognized asset is limited to the total of any unrecognized past service costs and 
the present value of economic benefits available in the form of any future refunds from the plan or reductions in future 
contributions  to  the  plan.  In  order  to  calculate  the  present  value  of  economic  benefits,  consideration  is  given  to  any 
minimum funding requirements that apply to any plan within the Corporation. An economic benefit is available to the 
Corporation if it is realizable during the life of the plan, or on settlement of the plan liabilities.  

The  pension  deficit  or  surplus  is  adjusted  for  any  material  changes  in  underlying  assumptions.  The  Corporation 
recognizes all actuarial gains and losses arising from the DB plans in other comprehensive earnings in the period in 
which they occur. 

When the benefits of a plan are improved, the portion of the increased benefit related to past service by employees is 
recognized in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the average service period until the benefits become vested. To 
the extent that the benefits vest immediately, the expense is recognized immediately in profit or loss. 

(iii)  Share-based payments  

The  grant-date  fair  value  of  equity-settled  share-based  payment  awards,  or  stock  options,  granted  to  employees  is 
recognized  as  an  employee  expense,  with  a  corresponding  increase  in  equity,  over  the  period  that  the  employees 
unconditionally become entitled to the awards. The amount recognized as an expense is adjusted to reflect the number 
of awards for which the related service and non-market vesting conditions are expected to be met, such that the amount 
ultimately recognized as an expense is based on the number of awards that meet the related service and non-market 
performance conditions at the vesting date.  

72 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

The fair value of the amount payable to employees and Directors in respect of Medium Term Incentive Plans (MTIPs) 
and  Deferred  Share  Units  (DSUs),  for  which  the  participants  are  eligible  to  receive  an  equivalent  cash  value  of  the 
common shares at a future date, is recognized as an expense with a corresponding increase in liabilities, over the period 
that the employees provide the related service and Directors become entitled to payment. The liability is remeasured at 
each  reporting  date  and  at  the  settlement  date.  Any  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  liability  are  recognized  as 
compensation expense in profit or loss. Information about vesting conditions for share-based payments is disclosed in 
Note 25. 

(f)  Earnings per share 

The Corporation presents basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) for its common shares. Basic EPS is calculated 
by dividing the profit or loss attributable to the common shareholders of the Corporation by the weighted average number 
of  ordinary  shares  outstanding  during  the  period,  adjusted  for  the  shares  held  by  the  Corporation.  Diluted  EPS  is 
determined by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to the common shareholders and the weighted average number of 
ordinary shares outstanding for the effects of all dilutive potential common shares, including share options granted to 
employees  and  Directors  and  shares  related  to  convertible  debentures,  assuming  that  all  of  the  debenture  holders 
converted as allowed. 

The average market value of the Corporation’s common shares for the purposes of calculating the dilutive effect of share 
options is based on quoted market prices for the period during which the options were outstanding.  

(g)  Financial instruments 

Financial assets and liabilities, including derivatives, are recognized in the consolidated statements of financial position 
when the Corporation becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the financial instrument or derivative contract. 
Financial instruments are required to be initially measured at fair value and are subsequently accounted for based on 
their classification as described below. The classification depends on the purpose for which the financial instruments 
were  acquired  and  their  characteristics.  Except  in  very  limited  circumstances,  the  classification  is  not  changed 
subsequent to initial recognition. 

(i)   Financial assets 

Based  on  their  nature,  the  Corporation  classifies  its  non-derivative  financial  assets  as  subsequently  measured  at 
amortized cost, fair value through other comprehensive income and fair value through profit and loss. The classification 
of  financial  assets  is  based  on  the  contractual  cash  flow  characteristics  and  the  Corporation’s  business  model  for 
managing the financial asset. Financial assets are recognized when the Corporation becomes party to the contractual 
provisions of the instrument. On initial recognition, the Corporation may irrevocably designate a financial asset that meets 
the amortized cost or fair value through other comprehensive income criteria as measured at fair value through profit or 
loss, if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency. This designation will be 
recorded until the financial asset is derecognized.  

Derivative instruments are recorded in the consolidated statements of financial position at fair value with both realized 
and unrealized changes in fair value recognized immediately in other income in the consolidated statements of earnings.  
As at December 31, 2018, the Corporation did not have any outstanding financial derivatives. 

Financial  assets  are  derecognized  when  the  contractual  cash  flows  from  the  asset  expire  or  when  the  Corporation 
transfers the right to receive the contractual cash flows of the asset in a transaction whereby all risks and rewards of the 
financial  asset  are  transferred.  Any  retained  interest  in  the  financial  asset  transferred  is  recognized  as  a  separate 
financial asset or liability.  

73 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and presented net in the consolidated statements of financial position only when 
a legal right of offset exists and the Corporation intends to settle the transaction on a net basis or realize the asset and 
the liability simultaneously.  

Financial assets at amortized cost 

Financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not derivatives and are not quoted in an active market are 
classified as financial assets at amortized cost. The objective is to hold such assets to collect contractual cash flows and 
contractual terms give rise on specified dates  to cash flows that represent solely  payments  of principal  and interest. 
These financial assets are initially recognized at fair value plus any transaction costs directly attributable to the asset. 
These assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment 
losses. Financial assets at amortized cost are generally comprised of trade and other receivables, cash, cash equivalents 
and restricted cash. 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income represent those non-derivative financial assets that 
are  held  to  achieve  an  objective  by  both  collecting  contractual  cash  flows  and  selling  the  financial  assets,  where 
contractual terms give rise on specified dates  to cash flows that represent solely  payments  of principal  and interest. 
Financial  assets  at  fair  value  through  other  comprehensive  income  are  initially  measured  at  fair  value  plus  any 
transaction  costs  directly  attributable  to  the  asset.  Subsequent  fair  value  gains  or  losses  are  recognized  in  other 
comprehensive  earnings,  except  for  impairment.  For  interest-bearing  financial  assets,  interest  calculated  using  the 
effective interest method and any foreign exchange gains and losses on monetary financial assets are recognized in 
profit or loss.  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 

A financial asset is measured at fair value through profit or loss if it does not meet the criteria for assets measured at 
amortized cost or fair value through other comprehensive income. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
include  held  for  trading  assets  and  derivative  instruments.  Financial  assets  are  classified  as  held  for  trading  if  the 
Corporation manages such investments and makes purchase and sale decisions based on their fair value in accordance 
with the Corporation’s documented risk management or investment strategy and have been acquired principally for the 
purpose of selling in the near term. A financial asset is measured at fair value through profit or loss if it is a derivative 
that  is  not  designated  as  effective  as  a  hedging  instrument.  Financial  assets  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  are 
measured at fair value with changes recognized in profit or loss. Transaction costs associated with assets classified as 
fair value through profit or loss are recognized as incurred through profit or loss. 

 (ii) Financial liabilities 

The Corporation has the following non-derivative financial liabilities that are classified as financial liabilities at amortized 
cost  using  the  effective  interest  method:  trade  and  other  payables,  current  and  long-term  debt  and  convertible 
debentures. The Corporation initially recognizes financial liabilities on the trade date at which the Corporation becomes 
a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.  

Financial liabilities that are initially recognized at fair value through profit or loss originally include any transaction costs 
directly attributable to the liability. Financial liabilities are derecognized when their contractual obligations are discharged, 
cancelled or have expired. 

74 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

The Corporation has the following financial assets and liabilities: 

(iii) Compound financial instruments 

Compound  financial  instruments  issued  by  the  Corporation  are  comprised  of  convertible  debentures  that  can  be 
converted to share capital at the option of the holder, and the number of shares to be issued does not vary with changes 
in their value. 

The liability component of a compound financial instrument is recognized initially at the fair value of a similar liability that 
does not have an equity conversion option. The equity component is recognized initially at the difference between the 
fair value of the compound financial  instrument as  a  whole and  the fair value  of the liability component. Any  directly 
attributable transaction costs are allocated to the liability and equity components in proportion to their carrying amounts. 
Subsequent to initial recognition, the liability component of a compound financial instrument is measured at amortized 
cost using the effective interest method. The equity component of a compound financial instrument is not remeasured 
subsequent to initial recognition.  

Interest, losses and gains relating to the financial liability component are recognized in profit or loss. Distributions to the 
equity holders are recognized in equity, net of any tax benefit. 

(h)  Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents is comprised of cash on hand, bank balances and short-term liquid investments with original 
maturities of three months or less.  

(i)  Restricted cash 

Restricted cash is comprised of cash and cash equivalents for which the use is externally restricted for specific purposes.  

(j) 

Inventory 

Inventory is measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The cost of inventory is determined on a first in, first 
out basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated selling 
expenses. 

75 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

MeasurementFinancial assets:Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cashAmortized costTrade and other receivablesAmortized costLong-term receivableAmortized costFinancial liabilities:Trade and other payablesAmortized costLong-term debt, including current portionAmortized costConvertible debentures - debt component, including current portionAmortized cost                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

(k)  Costs in excess of billings, contract advances and unearned income 

Costs in excess of billings (contract assets) represent unbilled amounts expected to be collected from customers for 
contract work performed to date. The amount is measured at cost plus profit recognized to date less progress billings 
and recognized losses. Costs include all  expenditures directly related to specific projects.  If progress billings exceed 
costs incurred plus recognized profits, the difference represents amounts collected in advance for contract work yet to 
be  performed  and  is  presented  as  contract  advances  and  unearned  income  (contract  liabilities)  in  the  consolidated 
statements of financial position. Variable consideration, to the extent not yet billed, is included as part of costs in excess 
of billings. Judgment is applied by management in measuring the amount of variable consideration meeting the highly 
probable threshold and there is inherent uncertainty with these amounts as they may be subject to negotiation. 

Costs in excess of billings are presented as a current asset in the consolidated statements of financial position for all 
contracts in which costs incurred plus recognized profits exceeds the progress billings and the amounts are expected to 
be  billed  and  recovered  within  the  normal  operating  cycle  of  the  Corporation.  The  operating  cycle  of  many  of  the 
Corporation’s contracts exceed 12 months, depending on the type of project or the nature of services being provided. 
All contract assets and liabilities are classified as current, as they are expected to be settled within the Corporation’s 
normal operating cycle. 

(l)  Property and equipment 

(i)  Recognition and measurement 

Items  of  property  and  equipment  are  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  accumulated  impairment 
losses.  

Costs include expenditures that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset. The cost of self-constructed assets 
includes the cost of materials and direct labour and any other costs directly attributable to bringing the assets to working 
condition for their intended use, the costs of dismantling and removing the items and restoring the site on which they are 
located. Borrowing costs on qualifying assets are also capitalized as part of property and equipment. 

Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition and construction or production of a qualifying asset form 
part  of  the  costs  of  the  asset.  Borrowing  costs  that  are  not  directly  attributable  to  the  acquisition,  construction  or 
production of a qualifying asset are recognized in profit or loss. 

Gains and losses on disposal of an item of property and equipment are determined by comparing the proceeds from 
disposal with the net carrying amount of property and equipment, and are recognized within other income in profit or 
loss. 

(ii)  Depreciation 

Depreciation  is  calculated  based  on  the  cost  of  an  asset  (or  deemed  cost)  less  its  residual  value.  Depreciation  is 
recognized for each significant component of an item of property and equipment.  

Depreciation is recognized in the consolidated statements of earnings on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful 
life of each asset. Leased assets are depreciated over the  shorter of the lease term and their estimated useful lives, 
unless it is reasonably certain that the Corporation will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term. The method of 
depreciation has been selected based on the expected pattern of consumption of the economic benefits of the asset. 

76 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

The estimated useful lives of each class of property and equipment are as follows: 

Depreciation  commences  when  the  asset  is  available  for  use  and  ceases  on  the  earliest  of  when  the  asset  is 
derecognized or classified as held-for-sale. Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each 
financial year end and adjusted where appropriate.  

(m) Goodwill 

Goodwill is the residual amount that results when the purchase price of an acquired business exceeds the sum of the 
amounts  allocated  to  the  identifiable  assets  acquired  less  liabilities  assumed,  based  on  their  fair  values.  Goodwill  is 
allocated as of the date of the business combination. Goodwill is not amortized and is tested for impairment annually in 
the fourth quarter, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. 

(n)  Intangible assets  

Intangible assets are comprised of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and other computer software assets, and assets 
related to the acquisition of a business, including backlog and agency contracts, customer relationships and trade names. 
These intangible assets  are measured at cost  less accumulated  amortization and accumulated impairment losses,  if 
any.  Amortization  is  calculated  using  the  cost  of  the  asset,  commences  once  the  asset  is  available  for  use  and  is 
recognized  in  profit  or  loss  based  on  the  expected  pattern  of  consumption  of  the  economic  benefits  of  the  asset. 
Amortization  methods,  useful  lives  and  residual  values  are  reviewed  at  each  financial  year  end  and  adjusted  where 
appropriate. 

The estimated useful lives of each class of intangible assets are as follows: 

77 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

AssetBasisUseful LifeLand improvementsStraight line30 yearsBuildings and improvementsStraight line10 to 25 yearsLeasehold improvementsStraight lineLesser of estimated useful life or lease termConstruction equipmentStraight line5 to 20 yearsAutomotive equipmentStraight line5 yearsOffice furniture and equipmentStraight line3 to 5 yearsComputer hardwareStraight line1 to 4 yearsAssetBasisUseful LifeERPStraight line12 yearsBacklog and agency contractsAs related revenue is earned1 to 3 yearsCustomer relationshipsStraight line5 to 15 yearsTradenamesStraight line5 to 15 yearsComputer softwareStraight line1 to 3 years                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

(o)  Impairment 

(i)  Financial assets 

Financial assets measured at amortized cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income are assessed at each 
reporting date to determine whether there is objective evidence of impairment. An expected credit loss impairment model 
is applied, where expected credit losses are the present value of all cash shortfalls over the expected life of the financial 
asset.  Impairment  is  measured  as  either  12-month  expected  credit  losses  or  lifetime  expected  credit  losses.  The 
Corporation recognizes 12-month expected credit losses in the consolidated statements of earnings; however, for trade 
receivables and contract assets that do not contain a significant financing component, the Corporation applies the 12-
month expected credit losses. A financial asset is impaired if objective evidence indicates that a loss event has occurred 
after the initial recognition of the asset, and that the loss event will have a negative effect on the estimated future cash 
flows of that asset that can be estimated reliably.  

An impairment loss in respect of a financial asset measured at amortized cost is calculated as the difference between 
its carrying amount and the present value of the estimated future cash flows discounted at the asset’s original effective 
interest rate. Losses are recognized in profit or loss and reflected in an allowance account against receivables. Interest 
on the  impaired asset continues to be recognized through the  unwinding of the  discount. When a subsequent  event 
causes the amount of impairment loss to decrease, the decrease in impairment loss is reversed through profit or loss. 

(ii)  Non-financial assets 

The carrying amounts of the Corporation’s non-financial assets, other than inventories and deferred tax assets for which 
separate  processes  apply,  are  reviewed  at  each  reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  of 
impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated. For intangible assets that 
have an indefinite useful life or intangible assets that are not yet available for use, the recoverable amount is estimated 
each year in the fourth quarter. 

The recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit (CGU) is the greater of its value-in-use and its fair value 
less costs to sell. In assessing value-in-use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using 
a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the 
asset. For the purpose of impairment testing,  assets that cannot be tested individually are grouped together into the 
smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows 
of  other  assets  or  groups  of  assets  (CGU).  For  the  purpose  of  goodwill  impairment  testing,  goodwill  acquired  in  a 
business combination is allocated to the CGU, or the group of CGUs, that is expected to benefit from the synergies of 
the combination. This allocation is subject to an operating segment ceiling and reflects the lowest level at which that 
goodwill is monitored for internal reporting purposes. 

78 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

An  impairment  loss  is  recognized  if  the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  or  its  CGU  exceeds  its  estimated  recoverable 
amount.  Impairment  losses  are  recognized  in  profit  or  loss.  Impairment  losses  recognized  in  respect  of  CGUs  are 
allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any  goodwill allocated to the CGUs, and then to reduce the carrying 
amounts of the other assets in the CGUs on a pro rata basis. 

An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversed. In respect of other assets, impairment losses recognized in 
prior periods are assessed at each reporting date for any indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. An 
impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An 
impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that 
would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized.  

(p)  Provisions 

Provisions are recognized when the Corporation has a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that 
the Corporation will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate of the obligation can be made.  

The amount recognized as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation 
at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties that surround the obligation. Where a 
provision is measured using the cash flow estimated to settle the present obligation, the carrying amount reflects the 
present value of that cash flow. 

The Corporation has several classes of provisions, including: 

(i)  Warranties 

Provisions for the expected cost of construction warranty obligations under construction contracts are recognized upon 
completion or substantial performance under the construction contract and represent the best estimate of the expenditure 
required to settle the Corporation’s obligation.  

(ii)  Restructuring costs 

Restructuring  provisions  relate  to  both  ongoing  operations  and  acquisitions  and  are  accrued  when  the  Corporation 
demonstrates  its  commitment  to  implement  a  detailed  restructuring  plan.  The  amounts  provided  represent 
management’s best estimate of the costs for restructuring. 

(iii)  Claims and disputes 

Provisions related to claims and disputes arising on contracts of the Corporation are included in this category. The timing 
and measurement of the related cash flows are, by nature, uncertain and the amounts recorded reflect the best estimate 
of the expenditure required to settle the obligations. 

(iv)  Subcontractor default 

Subcontractor default provisions relate to management’s best estimate of exposures and costs associated with prior or 
existing subcontractor performance and the risk of potential default. Management conducts a thorough review of the 
liability  every  reporting  period  and  takes  into  consideration  the  Corporation’s  experience  to  date  with  those 
subcontractors, some of which are enrolled in its subcontractor default insurance program, and the changes to factors 
that tend to affect the construction sector. The current portion of the subcontractor default liability represents the risk 
related to payments required in order to resolve a subcontractor default issue. 

79 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

(v)  Onerous contracts 

A provision for onerous contracts is recognized when the expected benefit from a contract is lower than the unavoidable 
cost of meeting the obligations under the contract. The provision is measured at the present value of the lower of the 
expected cost of terminating the contract and the expected net cost of continuing with the contract. Impairment losses 
on assets associated with the onerous contract are recognized prior to the provision being established.  

(q)  Leases 

Leases  under  which  the  Corporation  assumes  substantially  all  the  risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  are  classified  as 
finance leases. Upon initial recognition, the leased asset is measured at an amount equal to the lower of its fair value at 
the inception of the lease and the present value of the minimum lease payments. Subsequent to initial recognition, the 
asset is accounted for in accordance with the accounting policy applicable to that asset. The corresponding liability to 
the lessor is included in the consolidated statements of financial position as long-term debt. 

Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a 
constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance expenses are recognized immediately in profit 
or loss. 

All other leases are operating leases, whereby the leased assets are not recognized in the Corporation’s consolidated 
statements of financial position. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over 
the lease term, except where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic 
benefits from the leased asset are consumed. 

4. STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS NOT YET ADOPTED 

The Corporation reviewed new and revised accounting pronouncements that have been issued but are not yet effective, 
and determined that the following may have an impact on the Corporation: 

(a)  IFRS 16 – Leases 

IFRS 16 – Leases was issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) in January 2016. It will replace 
IAS 17 – Leases for annual and interim reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019. For lessees, IFRS 16 
will  bring  most  leases  onto  the  consolidated  statements  of  financial  position  under  a  single  model,  eliminating  the 
distinction  between  operating  and  finance  leases.  Lessors  will  continue  accounting  for  leases  under  a  dual  lease 
classification model, and the classification between operating and finance leases will determine how and when a lessor 
will recognize revenue, and what assets would be recorded.  

IFRS 16 may be applied retrospectively or using a cumulative catch-up approach. The Corporation has selected to use 
the cumulative catch-up approach, which does not require restatement of prior period financial information. Rather, the 
cumulative effect of applying the standard to prior periods is recorded as an adjustment to opening retained earnings. 
There are recognition exemptions available for certain short-term leases (less than 12 months) and leases for which the 
underlying  asset  is  of  low  value.  The  Corporation  will  apply  these  recognition  exemptions  upon  adoption,  and  will 
continue to treat such leases as operating leases. 

80 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

On initial adoption, the Corporation expects to elect the following practical expedients permitted under the standard: 

  Use the Corporation’s previous assessment under IAS 37 – Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets 

for onerous contracts, instead of reassessing the lease asset for impairment on January 1, 2019;  

  Exclude initial direct costs from the measurement of the lease asset at the date of initial application; and 
  Use hindsight in determining the lease term where the contract contains terms to extend or terminate the lease. 

On adoption of IFRS 16, the Corporation will recognize lease liabilities in relation to leases under the principles of the 
new standard at the present value of unavoidable future lease payments, discounted using the Corporation’s incremental 
borrowing rate as at January 1, 2019. The associated right-of-use assets will be measured at amounts equal to the lease 
liabilities, less any amounts previously recognized under IAS 37 for onerous contracts.  The measurement of the total 
lease expense over the term of the lease is unaffected by the new standard; however, the required presentation on the 
consolidated  statements  of  earnings  will  result  in  costs  currently  classified  as  lease  expenses  being  presented  as 
depreciation of leased assets and finance costs associated with lease liabilities. This depreciation expense will continue 
to be recognized as part of contract costs or administrative costs, depending on the nature of the leased asset, while the 
finance costs will be separately disclosed on the consolidated statements of earnings. 

While the Corporation continues to assess the impact of adopting IFRS 16, the Corporation expects the most significant 
impact to relate to the changes in the accounting for lease agreements associated with office, yard and shop facilities, 
which are currently classified as operating leases and directly expensed on the consolidated statements of earnings. 

As a result of adopting IFRS 16, the Corporation has estimated that as at January 1, 2019, it expects to recognize in the 
consolidated statements of financial position right-of-use lease assets of approximately $41,500, lease receivables of 
approximately $5,800 related to subleased facilities, a deferred tax asset of approximately $200 and lease liabilities of 
approximately $50,200, as well as the removal of onerous contract provisions of approximately $2,000 and a cumulative 
estimated reduction to opening retained earnings of approximately $700. These amounts are based on lease information 
gathered and management’s evaluation to date and are subject to change.  

(b)  IAS 19 – Employee Benefits 

In February 2018, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 19  – Employee Benefits, to clarify the calculation of  pension 
expenses when changes to a defined benefit pension plan occur as a result of an amendment, curtailment or settlement. 
The entity will be required to remeasure its net defined benefit obligation or asset and the updated assumptions from 
this remeasurement will be used to determine past service cost and net interest for the remainder of the reporting period 
after the change(s) to the plan. The amendments also clarify the effect of a plan amendment, curtailment or settlement 
on the asset ceiling requirements. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on  or after January 1, 
2019.  The  Corporation  does  not  expect  this  amendment  to  have  a  material  impact  on  its  consolidated  financial 
statements, as no changes to the defined benefit pension plans are expected.   

(c)  IAS  1  –  Presentation  of  Financial  Statements  and  IAS  8  –  Accounting  Policies,  Changes  in  Accounting 

Estimates and Errors 

In October 2018, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 1 – Presentation of Financial Statements and IAS 8 – Accounting 
Policies,  Changes  in  Accounting  Estimates  and  Errors,  clarifying  the  definition  of  material  information.  Under  the 
amended  definition,  information  is  material  if  omitting,  misstating  or  obscuring  it  could  reasonably  be  expected  to 
influence the decisions that the users of the financial statements make on the basis of those financial statements. The 
amendments also clarify the explanations  accompanying the definition of material  information. The  amendments are 
effective  January  1,  2020  and  are  required  to  be  applied  prospectively.  The  Corporation  does  not  expect  these 
amendments to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. 

81 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

(d)  IFRS 3 – Business Combinations 

In  October  2018,  the  IASB  amended  IFRS  3  –  Business  Combinations,  seeking  to  clarify  whether  an  acquisition 
transaction results in the acquisition of an asset or a business. The amendments clarify the definition of a business and 
include  a  simplified  assessment  to  determine  whether  the  acquisition  is  a  group  of  assets  or  a  business.  The 
amendments are effective for acquisition transactions on or after January 1, 2020, with earlier application permitted. This 
narrower definition of a business may reduce the number of business combinations that the Corporation will recognize 
in the future, but is not expected to have an impact on the current consolidated financial statements or the treatment of 
past acquisitions.  

5. ACQUISITION 

On  November  6,  2018,  the  Corporation  acquired  100%  of  the  issued  and  outstanding  shares  of  Tartan  Canada 
Corporation  (Tartan),  a  privately  held  industrial  services  provider  in  Western  Canada,  specializing  in  providing 
mechanical maintenance services to the oil and gas, pulp and paper, petrochemical and power sectors. This acquisition 
aligns  with  the  Corporation’s  strategy  to  expand  its  market  share  and  service  offerings  through  the  addition  of 
complementary trade services. The acquisition further enhances the Corporation’s ability to service the maintenance, 
repair and operations sector of the industry.  

The total purchase price of $12,076 is composed of three components, being cash of $9,530, a final adjustment holdback 
payable of $546 and a long-term note payable of $2,000. The final adjustment holdback payable is included within trade 
and other payables in the consolidated statements of financial position. The long-term note payable is included within 
long-term debt in the consolidated statements of financial position. Interest is charged on the note payable at a rate per 
annum equal to the Canadian prime rate plus 1%, compounded monthly. The principal amount will be repaid in three 
equal amounts, plus interest, on March 6, 2020, July 6, 2020 and November 6, 2020. 

The value of the assets and liabilities associated with the Tartan acquisition were not finalized by March 5, 2019, and 
therefore are preliminary figures. Any future changes in these amounts will affect the recorded cost of the acquisition 
and assets and liabilities acquired.  

82 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

Cost of AcquisitionCash9,530$                 Trade and other payables546                      Long-term note payable2,000                   12,076$               Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities AssumedTrade and other receivables10,984$               Costs in excess of billings2,567                   Other current assets395                      Property and equipment6,712                   Long-term receivable and prepaid expenses10                        Goodwill684                      Intangible assets2,210                   Trade and other payables(7,869)                  Income taxes payable(252)                     Long-term debt (1,416)                  Provisions(901)                     Deferred tax liability(1,048)                  12,076$                                                                                                                                                   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

Goodwill and intangible assets 

The $684 of goodwill recognized as part of the acquisition is mainly attributed to expected revenue growth, future market 
development, the assembled workforce and the synergies achieved from the integration of Tartan into the Corporation’s 
Industrial Group. These benefits are not recognized separately from goodwill, as the future economic benefits arising 
from them cannot be reliably measured. The $2,210 of identifiable intangible assets acquired includes backlog, customer 
relationships and tradename.  

6. SEGMENTS 

The Corporation operates as a construction and maintenance services provider. The Corporation divides its operations 
into  four  reporting  segments  and  reports  its  results  under  the  categories  of:  Industrial  Group,  Buildings  Group, 
Commercial Systems Group and Corporate Group. The accounting policies and practices for each of the segments are 
the same as those described in Note 3. Segment capital expenditures are the total costs incurred during the year to 
acquire property and equipment and intangible assets. 

Industrial Group – The Industrial Group operates under the general contracting brand of Stuart Olson and under the 
endorsed  brands  of  Laird,  Tartan,  Studon,  Northern,  Fuller  Austin  and  Sigma  Power.  The  Industrial  Group  executes 
projects in a wide range of industrial sectors including oil and gas, petrochemical, refining, water and wastewater, pulp 
and  paper,  mining  and  power.  The  Industrial  Group  provides  full-service  general  contracting,  including  mechanical, 
process insulation, metal siding and cladding,  heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC),  asbestos  abatement, 
electrical  and  instrumentation,  high  voltage  testing  and  commissioning,  as  well  as  power  line  construction  and 
maintenance services. 

Buildings  Group  –  The  Buildings  Group  operates  offices  and  executes  projects  from  Ontario  to  British  Columbia. 
Projects undertaken by the Buildings Group include the construction, expansion and renovation of buildings for private 
and public sector clients in the commercial, light industrial and institutional sectors. 

Commercial Systems Group – The Commercial Systems Group operates under the Canem brand, with offices and 
projects from Ontario to British Columbia. It designs, builds and installs a building’s core electrical infrastructure. It also 
provides  the  services  and  systems  that  support  information  management,  building  systems  integration,  energy 
management, green data centres, security and risk management and lifecycle services. Additionally, the Commercial 
Systems Group provides ongoing maintenance and on-call service to customers, and manages regional and national 
multi-site installations and roll outs.   

Corporate Group – The Corporate Group includes corporate costs not allocated directly to another reporting segment 
and  any  miscellaneous  investments.  It  provides  strategic  direction,  operating  advice  and  support,  supply  chain 
management oversight, asset management services, financing, infrastructure services and the management of public 
company requirements to each of its reporting segments. 

A significant customer is one that represents 10% or  more of contract revenue earned during the  year. For the  year 
ended December 31, 2018, the Corporation had revenue of $110,441 from one significant customer of the Industrial 
Group (2017 – no significant customers).  

83 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

7. JOINT ARRANGEMENTS 

The Corporation and its subsidiaries have the following significant interests in joint operations: 

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018,  the  Corporation  entered  into  a  joint  operation,  FCG  Construction/Stuart 
Olson, a Joint Venture. 

84 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

For the year endedIndustrialBuildingsCommercial SystemsCorporateIntersegmentDecember 31, 2018GroupGroupGroupGroupEliminationsTotalContract revenue (Note 8)297,261$             452,414$             233,171$             -$                     (16,438)$              966,408$             Costs, with exclusions (1)274,621               432,687               225,138               15,368                 (16,438)                931,376               Depreciation and amortization (Note 10)3,754                   774                      1,351                   9,137                   211                      15,227                 Costs related to investing activities-                       -                       -                       368                      -                       368                      Costs related to activist shareholder activities-                       -                       -                       198                      -                       198                      Restructuring costs 599                      106                      563                      1,638                   -                       2,906                   Other income(197)                     (822)                     (252)                     (93)                       -                       (1,364)                  Finance income (Note 9)-                       (43)                       (2)                         (38)                       -                       (83)                       Finance costs (Note 9)43                        2                          13                        9,693                   -                       9,751                   Earnings (loss) before tax18,441$               19,710$               6,360$                 (36,271)$              (211)$                   8,029$                 Income tax expense(2,656)                  Net earnings5,373$                 Gain on sale of assets(144)$                   (326)$                   (36)$                     (48)$                     -$                     (554)$                   Goodwill and intangible assets53,646$               116,854$             62,511$               11,688$               -$                     244,699$             Capital and intangible expenditures157$                    616$                    1,343$                 3,621$                 -$                     5,737$                 Total assets245,951$             288,063$             142,890$             301,612$             (353,208)$            625,308$             Total liabilities50,497$               183,625$             52,743$               144,061$             (6,380)$                424,546$             For the year endedIndustrialBuildingsCommercial SystemsCorporateIntersegmentDecember 31, 2017GroupGroupGroupGroupEliminationsTotalContract revenue (Note 8)335,214$             540,813$             186,809$             -$                     (45,525)$              1,017,311$          Costs, with exclusions (1)312,127               520,744               173,846               21,553                 (45,525)                982,745               Depreciation and amortization (Note 10)4,439                   1,251                   1,420                   7,624                   211                      14,945                 Restructuring costs (recovery)886                      (2,441)                  319                      (22)                       -                       (1,258)                  Other income(440)                     (570)                     (205)                     (74)                       -                       (1,289)                  Finance income (Note 9)(7)                         (9)                         -                       (20)                       -                       (36)                       Finance costs (Note 9)71                        5                          -                       8,799                   -                       8,875                   Earnings (loss) before tax18,138$               21,833$               11,429$               (37,860)$              (211)$                   13,329$               Income tax expense(3,727)                  Net earnings9,602$                 Gain on sale of assets(284)$                   (97)$                     (45)$                     -$                     -$                     (426)$                   Goodwill and intangible assets52,890$               118,667$             65,600$               13,844$               -$                     251,001$             Capital and intangible expenditures2,002$                 474$                    1,062$                 1,100$                 -$                     4,638$                 Total assets222,409$             335,148$             145,603$             278,963$             (351,789)$            630,334$             Total liabilities68,824$               209,210$             54,128$               106,461$             (14,731)$              423,892$             (1) Costs for the year ended December 31, 2018 exclude depreciation, amortization, costs related to investing activities, costs related to activist shareholder activities and restructuring costs. Costs for the year ended December 31, 2017 exclude depreciation, amortization and restructuring costs. Name of Joint OperationPrincipal ActivityPlace of Incorporation or OperationProportion of Ownership InterestAcciona Stuart Olson Joint VentureBuilding ConstructionBritish Columbia50%Kwanlin Dun First Nation - Yukon Corrections Institution JVBuilding ConstructionYukon90%Kwanlin Dun First Nation - Whitehorse Cultural Centre JVBuilding ConstructionYukon51%Stuart Olson/Nunavut Ltd. Industrial ConstructionNunavut40%Canem/Plan Group Joint VentureElectrical ContractingAlberta50%FCG Construction/Stuart Olson, a Joint VentureBuilding ConstructionManitoba50%                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

These consolidated financial statements include the Corporation’s share of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses, net 
income and cash flow of the joint operations as follows:   

8. REVENUE 

The Corporation’s revenue streams are as follows: 

Disaggregation of revenue 

The  Corporation  disaggregates  revenue  from  contracts  with  customers  by  contract  type  for  each  of  its  operating 
segments, as this best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected 
by economic factors. Refer to Note 6 for further information on the Corporation’s operating segments. 

Set out below is the categorization of revenue based on the risk profiles associated with executing the Corporation’s 
contracts. 

Cost-plus and service work – The Corporation is compensated on the basis of the cost of materials, equipment and 
labour related to the project, plus a set fee percentage. This method of delivery is common for service and maintenance 
type work.  

Construction  management  –  As  a  member  of  an  integrated  project  team  along  with  the  owner,  architects  and/or 
engineers, the construction manager works collaboratively with other stakeholders and has the opportunity to provide 
significant input into the cost, design, schedule and constructability of the project during the pre-construction planning 
stages. Construction management contracts may have terms that result in a contract value that is determined on a cost 
plus basis, fixed price basis or both cost plus and fixed price. The construction manager generally mitigates cost and 
schedule risk by entering into fixed price contracts, with defined scope and timeline, with the subcontractors that it selects 
to build the project. Given the level of input in the planning stages of construction management projects, the Corporation 
views  these  projects  as  containing  less  risk  than  tendered  (hard-bid)  project  contracts. This  method  of  delivery  is 
common for general contractors in the public and private sectors, especially in Western Canada. 

85 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Current assets31,323$               1,840$                 Current liabilities30,172                 2,537                   Contract revenue40,134$               270$                    Contract costs and expenses38,286                 340                      Cash flow generated in operating activities21,308$               18$                      December 31,December 31,20182017Construction contract revenue749,420$             849,160$             Service contract revenue215,964               166,926               Sale of goods1,024                   1,225                   Total revenue966,408$             1,017,311$                                                                                                                                              
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

Design-build – The Corporation is awarded a contract to both design and construct a project. These arrangements have 
risk with respect to the project’s architectural and/or engineering design, in addition to construction  of the project. This 
method of delivery is common for general contractors, especially in Ontario, and is normally completed under a fixed 
price contract.  

Tendered  (hard-bid)  –  The  Corporation  commits  to  executing  a  scope  of  work  for  a  fixed  price,  generally  during  a 
tendering  process  based  on  a  provided  design.  Tendered  (hard-bid)  projects  generally  contain  additional  cost  and 
schedule risk as compared to cost plus or construction management arrangements. This method of project delivery is 
common for subcontractors in all sectors, and is often used by general contractors. 

The following tables present revenue by contract type for each of the Corporation’s operating segments: 

9. FINANCE INCOME AND COSTS 

The finance income and costs recognized in respect of assets and liabilities not at fair value through profit or loss consists 
of the following: 

86 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

For the year endedDecember 31, 2018Cost-plus and service work199,111$             -$                     89,552$               288,663$             Construction management-                       343,712               -                       343,712               Design-build-                       40,097                 2,320                   42,417                 Tendered (hard-bid)98,150                 68,605                 141,299               308,054               Segment revenue297,261$             452,414$             233,171$             982,846$             Intersegment eliminations(16,438)                Consolidated revenue966,408$             For the year endedDecember 31, 2017Cost-plus and service work158,505$             -$                     46,982$               205,487$             Construction management-                       436,337               -                       436,337               Design-build-                       77,234                 6,770                   84,004                 Tendered (hard-bid)176,709               27,242                 133,057               337,008               Segment revenue335,214$             540,813$             186,809$             1,062,836$          Intersegment eliminations(45,525)                Consolidated revenue1,017,311$          Industrial GroupBuildings GroupCommercial Systems GroupTotalIndustrial GroupBuildings GroupCommercial Systems GroupTotal December 31, December 31, 2018 2017Finance income on cash and cash equivalents81$                      27$                      Finance income on loans and receivables-                       7                          Other 2                          2                          Finance income83$                      36$                      Finance costs on revolving credit facility1,999$                 1,507$                 Other finance costs244                      77                        Amortization of deferred financing fees on revolving credit facility607                      561                      Finance costs on convertible debentures4,830                   4,830                   Accretion on convertible debentures1,331                   1,221                   Amortization of deferred financing fees on convertible debentures740                      679                      Finance costs9,751$                 8,875$                                                                                                                                                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

10. DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION 

Of the depreciation of property and equipment during the year ended December 31, 2018, $1,372 (2017 – $2,315) has 
been included in contract costs and the remainder in administrative costs in the consolidated statements of earnings. 
Amortization of intangible assets is included in administrative costs in the consolidated statements of earnings. 

11. PERSONNEL EXPENSES AND EMPLOYEE BENEFITS 

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018,  personnel  expenses  and  employee  benefits  of  $325,147  were  included  in 
contract costs (2017 – $276,230) and $38,019 in administrative costs (2017 – $44,008). Short-term employee benefits 
consist primarily of salaries and bonuses.  

Key management personnel consists of the Corporation’s named executive officers. Their remuneration during the year 
was as follows:  

The  remuneration  of  key  management  is  recommended  to  the  Board  for  approval  by  the  Human  Resources  and 
Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (HRCC). 

87 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Depreciation of property and equipment4,920$                 5,121$                 Amortization of intangible assets10,307                 9,824                   Total depreciation and amortization expense15,227$               14,945$               December 31,December 31,20182017Short-term employee benefits356,086$             307,607$             Employee share purchase plan expenses2,686                   2,684                   Employee retirement matching contributions2,279                   3,626                   Defined benefit and defined contribution pension plan expense1,594                   1,653                   Equity-settled share-based payment transactions258                      516                      Cash-settled share-based payment transactions263                      4,152                   Total personnel expenses and employee benefits363,166$             320,238$             December 31,December 31,20182017Short-term benefits2,400$                 3,564$                 Share-based payments (1)471                       2,148                    2,871$                 5,712$                 (1) Share-based payments include equity-settled and cash-settled share-based payments.                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

12. INCOME TAXES 

Income tax recognized in the consolidated statements of earnings: 

Reconciliation of effective tax rate: 

The Corporation’s consolidated income tax expense differs from the provision computed at the statutory rates as follows: 

The Corporation's statutory tax rate of 27.0% in 2018 and 26.9% in 2017 is the combined Canadian federal and provincial 
tax rates in the jurisdictions in which the Corporation operates. 

88 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Current income tax (expense) recoveryCurrent year(1,267)$                1,426$                 Adjustment relating to prior years(21)                       (48)                       (1,288)                  1,378                   Deferred income tax (expense) recoveryOrigination and reversal of temporary differences(1,362)                  (5,295)                  Impact of changes in tax rates(11)                       78                        Adjustment relating to prior years5                          112                      (1,368)                  (5,105)                  Income tax expense(2,656)$                (3,727)$                December 31,December 31,20182017Net earnings before tax8,029$                 13,329$               Income tax expense at statutory rate of 27.0% (2017 – 26.9%)(2,168)                  (3,586)                  Statutory and other rate differences(11)                       78                        Non-deductible expenses(400)                     (356)                     Non-taxable accounting income6                          69                        Other(83)                       68                        Income tax expense(2,656)$                (3,727)$                                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

The deferred tax assets and liabilities are comprised of the following: 

All deferred tax asset positions recognized by the Corporation are supported by either the reversal of existing taxable 
temporary differences or forecasted future taxable earnings in excess of the deductible temporary difference.  

A continuity of the net deferred tax asset (liability) is as follows: 

89 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Deferred tax assetsTax loss carry forwards14,250$               15,345$               Equipment and other assets(32)                       1,054                   Pension and other compensation92                        (72)                       Unbilled work-in-progress and holdback receivables2,317                   2,641                   Provisions2,198                   1,753                   Other1,614                   742                      20,439                 21,463                 Deferred tax liabilitiesTax loss carry forwards5,502                   2,949                   Equipment and other assets(649)                     162                      Intangible assets(7,817)                  (9,672)                  Pension and other compensation2,911                   3,980                   Unrecognized deductible temporary differences(589)                     (589)                     Unbilled work-in-progress and holdback receivables(20,598)                (16,907)                Provisions380                      289                      Other(567)                     (613)                     (21,427)                (20,401)                Net deferred income tax (liability) asset(988)$                   1,062$                 RecoveryAsset (Liability)Asset (Liability)(Expense)Acquired in a Asset (Liability)January 1,Recognized inBusinessDecember 31,2018Profit or LossCombination2018Tax loss carry forwards18,294$               1,162$                -$                    296$                   19,752$               Equipment and other assets1,216                  (1,103)                 -                      (794)                    (681)                    Intangible assets(9,672)                 2,452                  -                      (597)                    (7,817)                 Pension and other compensation3,908                  (1,271)                 366                     -                      3,003                  Unrecognized deductible temporary differences(589)                    -                      -                      -                      (589)                    Unbilled work-in-progress and holdback receivables(14,266)               (4,015)                 -                      -                      (18,281)               Provisions2,042                  489                     -                      47                       2,578                  Other129                     918                     -                      -                      1,047                  1,062$                (1,368)$               366$                   (1,048)$               (988)$                  2018Recovery in Other Comprehensive Loss(Expense)Recovery inAsset (Liability)Asset (Liability)RecoveryOtherAcquired in a Asset (Liability)January 1,Recognized inComprehensiveBusinessDecember 31,20172017Profit or LossLossCombination2017Tax loss carry forwards19,076$               (782)$                  -$                    -$                    18,294$               Equipment and other assets1,841                  (625)                    -                      -                      1,216                  Intangible assets(11,955)               2,283                  -                      -                      (9,672)                 Pension and other compensation2,630                  1,016                  262                     -                      3,908                  Unrecognized deductible temporary differences(589)                    -                      -                      -                      (589)                    Unbilled work-in-progress and holdback receivables(6,526)                 (7,740)                 -                      -                      (14,266)               Provisions2,503                  (461)                    -                      -                      2,042                  Other(1,075)                 1,204                  -                      -                      129                     5,905$                (5,105)$               262$                   -$                    1,062$                                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

The Corporation has accumulated net capital losses for income tax purposes of $21,511 (2017 – $21,511) which may 
be carried forward indefinitely to reduce future capital gains. The value of these losses has not been recognized in these 
consolidated financial statements. 

The Corporation has accumulated non-capital losses for income tax purposes of $72,348 (2017 – $66,885), which expire 
as follows: 

All deferred tax asset positions recognized by the Corporation are supported by either the reversal of existing taxable 
temporary  differences  or  forecasted  future  taxable  earnings  in  excess  of  the  deductible  temporary  difference.  The 
Corporation has unrecognized non-capital loss carryforwards of $1,174 (2017 – $1,174) for which no deferred income 
tax asset has been recognized, which remain available to reduce future taxable income. 

13. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS 

(a)  Short-term employee benefits 

Contributions made by the Corporation during the year ended December 31, 2018 to the company sponsored Employee 
Share Purchase Plan (ESPP) were $2,686 (2017 – $2,684) (Note 11). 

(b)  Post-employment benefits 

Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) 

Contributions made by the Corporation during the year  ended December 31, 2018 to the company sponsored RRSP 
were $2,279 (2017 – $3,626) (Note 11). 

Defined Contribution Pension Plans (DC) 

The total expense recognized in the consolidated statements of earnings and comprehensive earnings during the year 
ended December 31, 2018 of $569 (2017 – $431) represents contributions paid to these plans by the Corporation at 
rates specified in the rules of the plans.  

90 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

Expiration of accumulated non-capital losses:2026199$                    2027426                      2028225                      2029162                      2030966                      203112,999                 20325,958                   20336,218                   203417,831                 20354,388                   20362,402                   203711,176                 20389,398                   72,348$                                                                                                                                                   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

Defined Benefit Pension Plans (DB) 

The Corporation maintains two non-contributory DB provisions that cover salaried employees for two of the operating 
entities. Annual employer  contributions to the DB provisions, determined by  an  independent actuary, meet  minimum 
amounts  required  by  provincial  pension  supervisory  authorities.  The  benefits  provided  by  the  DB  provisions  of  the 
pension plans are based on years of service and final average earnings of the employees who are members of the plans.  

Future benefits: 

Fair market value of plan assets: 

Reconciliation of amounts in the consolidated financial statements: 

91 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Wholly or partially funded defined benefit obligation35,183$               37,753$               Fair value of plan assets31,893                 34,617                 Recognized liability for defined benefit obligations3,290$                 3,136$                 December 31,December 31,20182017Equity securities19,568$               24,920$               Debt securities12,287                 9,570                   Short term38                        127                      31,893$               34,617$               December 31,December 31,20182017Accrued benefit obligationBalance, beginning of the year37,753$               36,240$               Employer current service cost397                      471                      Employee contributions2                          29                        Interest cost on the defined benefit obligation1,260                   1,363                   Benefit payments(1,923)                  (2,106)                  Actuarial loss (gain) due to experience adjustments170                      (38)                       Actuarial gain due to changes in demographic assumptions(169)                     -                           Actuarial (gain) loss due to changes in financial assumptions(2,155)                  1,794                   Settlements(152)                     -                           Balance, end of the year35,183$               37,753$                                                                                                                                                   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

For the year ended December 31, 2018, an amount of $1,083 (2017 – $1,268) was recorded in administrative costs in 
net earnings, and a loss of $1,078 (2017 – loss of $972), before tax, was recorded in other comprehensive loss in relation 
to the DB plans. This loss relates to lower than expected returns on the plan assets over the year, partially offset by an 
increase in the discount rate assumption, which gave rise to a gain on the DB obligation. 

Actuarial assumptions: 

The discount rate used to establish the pension obligation is based on AA-rated Canadian corporate bond yields at the 
measurement date. A change of 100 basis points in the discount rate at the reporting date  would  have increased or 
decreased the accrued benefit obligation by $4,546 (2017 – $5,204). 

92 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Fair value of plan assetsBalance, beginning of the year34,617$               33,505$               Employer contributions2,007                   1,839                   Employee contributions2                          29                        Interest income on plan assets1,155                   1,285                   Actuarial (loss) gain on plan assets, excluding interest income(3,232)                  784                      Benefit payments(1,923)                  (2,106)                  Administration costs(581)                     (719)                     Settlements(152)                     -                           Balance, end of the year31,893$               34,617$               December 31,December 31,20182017Net pension liability3,290$                 3,136$                 Funded status - deficit3,290$                 3,136$                 December 31,December 31,20182017Discount rate on net benefit obligations3.9%3.4%Rate of compensation increase3.0%3.0%Inflation rate2.0%2.0%                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

14. EARNINGS PER SHARE 

(a)  Basic earnings per share 

(b)  Diluted earnings per share 

For the year ended December 31, 2018, the number of stock options excluded from the diluted weighted average number 
of common shares calculation was 1,689,883 (2017 – 2,173,088), as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. 

For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, there were no incremental shares related to convertible debentures 
included in the diluted weighted average number of common shares calculation, as the impact of the normalization of 
earnings (interest, accretion and amortization add-back) outweighed the effect of the related incremental shares and 
therefore the convertible debentures were anti-dilutive.  

15. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 

The cash and cash equivalents balance is comprised entirely of cash. Included in the cash and cash equivalents balance 
as at December 31, 2018 is $21,334 (2017 – $27) held in the bank accounts of joint operations and $nil of restricted 
cash held in trust (2017 – $1,225).  

93 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31, 2018 2017Net earnings - basic5,373$                 9,602$                 Issued common shares, beginning of the year27,370,727          26,921,371          Effect of shares issued related to Dividend Reinvestment Plan (DRIP)210,151               254,280               Effect of shares issued on exercise of stock options12,814                 -                       Weighted average number of common shares for the year - basic27,593,692          27,175,651          Basic earnings per share0.19$                   0.35$                   December 31,December 31, 2018 2017Net earnings - diluted5,373$                 9,602$                 Weighted average number of common shares for the year - basic27,593,692          27,175,651          Incremental shares - stock options180,186               -                       Weighted average number of common shares for the year - diluted27,773,878          27,175,651          Diluted earnings per share0.19$                   0.35$                                                                                                                                                       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

16. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

The average credit period is 65 days for maintenance contracts and 57 days for significant construction contracts. 

As at December 31, 2018, holdbacks of $69,850 (2017 – $87,630) are recoverable within the normal operating cycle of 
the Corporation. 

17. COSTS IN EXCESS OF BILLINGS AND CONTRACT ADVANCES AND UNEARNED 

INCOME 

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending carrying amounts of costs in excess of billings (contract assets) and contract 
advances and unearned income (contract liabilities) is as follows: 

18. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT 

Included in construction and automotive equipment as at December 31, 2018 is $14,468 (2017 – $12,610) of assets 
relating to finance leases and $8,555 (2017 – $8,626) of accumulated depreciation, for a net carrying value of $5,913 
(2017 – $3,984). These assets are pledged as security for the finance lease obligations disclosed in Note 23(b).

94 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Trade receivables165,749$             159,949$             Allowance for doubtful accounts (Note 28)(211)                     (344)                     Net trade receivables165,538               159,605               Construction holdbacks, due within one business cycle69,850                 87,630                 Other receivables 5,073                   2,241                   240,461$             249,476$             December 31,December 31,December 31,December 31,2018201720182017Balance, beginning of the year49,739$               35,006$               (73,470)$              (74,475)$              Revenue earned in the year343,421               264,292               622,987               753,019               Billings in the year(329,920)              (248,650)              (608,813)              (752,923)              Transfers in the year(1,248)                  (909)                     1,248                   909                      Balance, end of the year61,992$               49,739$               (58,048)$              (73,470)$              Costs in Excess of BillingsContract Advances and Unearned Income                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

95 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

ConstructionOffice  Assets  Land and Buildings andLeaseholdand AutomotiveComputer  Furniture andUnderImprovementsImprovementsImprovementsEquipmentHardwareEquipmentConstructionTotalCost Balance as at December 31, 2017459$                    2,342$                 18,251$               23,598$               5,641$                 4,957$                 116$                    55,364$               Additions, including finance leases-                           -                           870                      2,839                   570                      46                        301                      4,626                   Disposals-                           -                           (3,159)                  (3,541)                  -                           (1,020)                  -                           (7,720)                  Acquisitions (Note 5)-                           -                           3                          6,523                   164                      22                        -                           6,712                   Reclassifications and transfers(23)                       (2,353)                  3,113                   832                      (1,467)                  (16)                       (408)                     (322)                     Balance as at December 31, 2018436$                    (11)$                     19,078$               30,251$               4,908$                 3,989$                 9$                        58,660$               Accumulated depreciationBalance as at December 31, 2017-$                         815$                    10,844$               16,995$               4,933$                 4,327$                 -$                         37,914$               Depreciation expense-                           -                           1,698                   2,583                   381                      258                      -                           4,920                   Disposals-                           -                           (3,070)                  (3,374)                  -                           (1,020)                  -                           (7,464)                  Reclassifications and transfers-                           (826)                     1,180                   760                      (1,467)                  (14)                       -                           (367)                     Balance as at December 31, 2018-$                         (11)$                     10,652$               16,964$               3,847$                 3,551$                 -$                         35,003$               Carrying amounts as at December 31, 2018436$                    -$                         8,426$                 13,287$               1,061$                 438$                    9$                        23,657$               2018ConstructionOffice  Assets  Land and Buildings andLeaseholdand AutomotiveComputer  Furniture andUnderImprovementsImprovementsImprovementsEquipmentHardwareEquipmentConstructionTotalCostBalance as at December 31, 2016566$                    3,041$                 17,365$               26,792$               5,166$                 4,942$                 -$                         57,872$               Additions, including finance leases-                           -                           912                      2,304                   470                      114                      116                      3,916                   Disposals(107)                     (140)                     (26)                       (2,850)                  -                           (99)                       -                           (3,222)                  Reclassifications and transfers-                           (559)                     -                           (2,648)                  5                          -                           -                           (3,202)                  Balance as at December 31, 2017459$                    2,342$                 18,251$               23,598$               5,641$                 4,957$                 116$                    55,364$               Accumulated depreciationBalance as at December 31, 2016-$                         1,495$                 8,988$                 20,058$               4,560$                 3,837$                 -$                         38,938$               Depreciation expense-                           -                           1,878                   2,281                   373                      589                      -                           5,121                   Disposals-                           (121)                     (22)                       (2,696)                  -                           (99)                       -                           (2,938)                  Reclassifications and transfers-                           (559)                     -                           (2,648)                  -                           -                           -                           (3,207)                  Balance as at December 31, 2017-$                         815$                    10,844$               16,995$               4,933$                 4,327$                 -$                         37,914$               Carrying amounts as at December 31, 2017459$                    1,527$                 7,407$                 6,603$                 708$                    630$                    116$                    17,450$               2017                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

19. GOODWILL 

The Corporation has allocated its goodwill to its cash-generating units (CGUs) as follows: 

The $684 increase in the Industrial Group’s goodwill in 2018 is related to the acquisition of Tartan. Refer to Note 5 for 
further details. 

During the fourth quarter of 2018, the Corporation performed its annual goodwill impairment test. The calculated business 
enterprise value for each of the CGUs incorporated the financial projections set out in the respective CGU’s strategic 
plans. The annual impairment review resulted in no impairment charge in the current year.   

The  recoverable  amounts  of  the  CGUs’  assets  were  determined  based  on  a  value-in-use  calculation.  There  is  a 
significant amount of uncertainty with respect to the estimates of the recoverable amounts of the CGUs’ assets given 
the necessity of making key economic assumptions about the future. The value-in-use calculation uses discounted cash 
flow projections which employ the following key assumptions: future cash flows, present and future discount rates, growth 
assumptions,  including  economic  risk  assumptions  and  estimates  of  achieving  key  operating  metrics  and  drivers. 
Management uses its best estimate to determine which key assumptions to use in the analysis. 

Key assumptions  

The key assumptions in the value-in-use calculations to determine the recoverable amounts by CGU have been prepared 
using a four-year discounted cash flow analysis with a terminal value. The financial projections used for the discounted 
cash flow analysis were derived from the Corporation’s December 2018 strategic plan. 

A four year period for the discounted cash flow analysis was used since  financial projections beyond a four year time 
period  are  generally  best  represented  by  a  terminal  value.  This  period  is  appropriate  given  the  timing  of  the  project 
backlog and the predictability of CGU cash flows. Cash flows from growth opportunities are probability-weighted and 
relate to initiatives management expects to progress on in the medium to long-term time frame. These cash flows require 
assumptions to be made regarding the likelihood of projects progressing and the future economics of those projects. 

The terminal value was calculated using an after-tax discount rate of 11% (2017 – 11%) and a steady annual growth 
rate of 2% (2017 – 2%) in the terminal year. The same discount rate has been used in each of the Corporation’s CGUs, 
given the similarity  in the business and the fact that business-specific risks were adjusted for in the forecasted cash 
flows. In addition, entity-specific risks were separately factored into each CGU forecast. They take into consideration 
market rates of return, capital structure, company size, industry risk and the after-tax cost of debt and equity.  

96 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Industrial Group43,007$               42,323$               Buildings Group114,078               114,078               Commercial Systems Group57,623                 57,623                 214,708$             214,024$                                                                                                                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

20. INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

21. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES 

The Corporation’s exposure to currency and liquidity risk related to trade and other payables is disclosed in Note 28. 

97 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

2018ERP AssetsBacklog and Agency ContractsCustomer Relationships and TradenameComputer SoftwareAssets under ConstructionTotalCostBalance as at December 31, 201727,312$                 25,400$                 65,583$                 6,387$                   285$                      124,967$               Additions529                        -                             -                             232                        350                        1,111                     Acquisitions (Note 5)-                             570                        1,640                     -                             -                             2,210                     Reclassifications and transfers525                        -                             -                             -                             (525)                       -                             Balance as at December 31, 201828,366$                 25,970$                 67,223$                 6,619$                   110$                      128,288$               Accumulated amortizationBalance as at December 31, 201714,723$                 24,632$                 43,662$                 4,973$                   -$                           87,990$                 Amortization expense2,690                     768                        6,147                     702                        -                             10,307                    Reclassifications and transfers(190)                       -                             -                             190                        -                             -                             Balance as at December 31, 201817,223$                 25,400$                 49,809$                 5,865$                   -$                           98,297$                 Carrying amounts as at December 31, 201811,143$                 570$                      17,414$                 754$                      110$                      29,991$                 2017ERP AssetsBacklog and Agency ContractsCustomer Relationships and TradenameComputer SoftwareAssets under ConstructionTotalCostBalance as at December 31, 201627,112$                 25,400$                 68,093$                 5,389$                   761$                      126,755$               Additions200                        -                             -                             124                        398                        722                        Reclassifications and transfers-                             -                             (2,510)                    874                        (874)                       (2,510)                    Balance as at December 31, 201727,312$                 25,400$                 65,583$                 6,387$                   285$                      124,967$               Accumulated amortization Balance as at December 31, 201612,008$                 23,777$                 40,220$                 4,671$                   -$                           80,676$                 Amortization expense2,715                     855                        5,952                     302                        -                             9,824                     Reclassifications and transfers-                             -                             (2,510)                    -                             -                             (2,510)                    Balance as at December 31, 201714,723$                 24,632$                 43,662$                 4,973$                   -$                           87,990$                 Carrying amounts as at December 31, 201712,589$                 768$                      21,921$                 1,414$                   285$                      36,977$                 December 31,December 31,20182017Trade payables109,590$             119,352$             Holdbacks and accrued liabilities72,213                 82,528                 Short-term employee benefits9,407                   12,884                 Dividend payable3,334                   3,285                   Other1,583                   4,541                   196,127$             222,590$                                                                                                                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

22. PROVISIONS 

Provisions are recognized when the Corporation has a settlement amount as a result of a past event, it is probable that 
the Corporation will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate of the obligation can be made. Reversals 
of  provisions  are  made  when  new  information  arises  in  the  period  which  leads  management  to  conclude  that  the 
provisions are not necessary.  

The provisions are presented in the consolidated statements of financial position as follows: 

The following table represents the expected outflow of resources by category: 

98 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

WarrantiesRestructuring CostsClaims and DisputesSubcontractor DefaultOnerous ContractsTotalBalance as at December 31, 20163,491$                 308$                    936$                    393$                    4,611$                 9,739$                 Provisions made6,472                   -                           849                      1,899                   862                      10,082                 Provisions used(373)                     (75)                       (1,204)                  (1,341)                  (1,453)                  (4,446)                  Provisions reversed(5,520)                  (47)                       (30)                       -                           (2,511)                  (8,108)                  Unwinding of discount-                           -                           -                           -                           308                      308                      Balance as at December 31, 20174,070$                 186$                    551$                    951$                    1,817$                 7,575$                 Balance as at December 31, 20174,070$                 186$                    551$                    951$                    1,817$                 7,575$                 Provisions made5,840                   849                      55                        1,573                   861                      9,178                   Provisions used(95)                       (24)                       (200)                     (1,444)                  (841)                     (2,604)                  Provisions reversed(4,012)                  (186)                     -                           (36)                       -                           (4,234)                  Unwinding of discount-                           -                           -                           -                           140                      140                      Balance as at December 31, 20185,803$                 825$                    406$                    1,044$                 1,977$                 10,055$               December 31,December 31,20182017Current portion of provisions8,206$                 6,376$                 Long-term provisions1,849                   1,199                   Total provisions10,055$               7,575$                 WarrantiesRestructuring CostsClaims and DisputesSubcontractor DefaultOnerous ContractTotal20195,803$                825$                   102$                   1,044$                570$                   8,344$                2020-                          -                          152                     -                          520                     672                     2021-                          -                          152                     -                          392                     544                     2022-                          -                          -                          -                          347                     347                     2023-                          -                          -                          -                          314                     314                     Thereafter-                          -                          -                          -                          668                     668                     5,803$                825$                   406$                   1,044$                2,811$                10,889$                                                                                                                                                  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

23. LONG-TERM DEBT 

(a)  Revolving credit facility  

The revolving credit facility (Revolver) consists of a $150,000 credit facility syndicated by six lenders and  a $25,000 
operating  facility  provided  by  one  of  the  co-lead  lenders.  The  combined  Revolver  provides  the  Corporation  with  a 
maximum available borrowing capacity of $175,000. The maturity date of the Revolver is July 16, 2021. 

The operating facility of $25,000 allows the Corporation to enter into an overdraft position. As at December 31, 2018, 
there was no drawdown on the operating facility. 

During the fourth quarter of 2018, the Corporation amended the terms of its credit facility to enable it to enter into equity 
hedging agreements. As at December 31, 2018, the Corporation had not entered into any hedging agreements. 

Subsequent to year end, the Corporation negotiated an amendment to improve a number of terms in its credit facility 
agreement. Refer to Note 35 for details. 

The Revolver is subject to the financial covenants described below. 

 

Interest coverage – Represents the ratio of EBITDA to interest expense for the 12 months ending as at the end of 
the fiscal quarter. For the purposes of the Revolver, EBITDA is defined as earnings or loss before interest, income 
taxes, depreciation and amortization, non-cash gains and losses from financial instruments, non-cash share-based 
compensation and any other non-cash items deducted in the calculation of net earnings, with an allowable add back 
of up to $2,500 of cash-settled restructuring charges. The interest coverage ratio shall not be less than 3.00:1.00.  
  Debt to EBITDA – Debt represents total indebtedness and total obligations of the Corporation and its subsidiaries, 

excluding convertible debentures. The Corporation’s debt to EBITDA ratio cannot exceed 3.25:1.00. 

These covenants are measured each quarter on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31. The Corporation 
was in full compliance with its covenants as at December 31, 2018 and 2017. 

99 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Current portion of long-term debtFinance lease obligations3,012$                 2,488$                 3,012$                 2,488$                 Non-currentRevolving credit facility36,868$               1,867$                 Finance lease obligations4,221                   4,097                   Long-term note payable (Note 5)2,000                   -                           43,089$               5,964$                                                                                                                                                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

The maturity date of the Revolver is July 16, 2021, and there is no current portion of long-term debt related to the facility. 
The facility is supported by a comprehensive security package that includes all present and after acquired assets of the 
Corporation.  Interest  is  charged  at  a  rate  per  annum  equal  to  the  Canadian  prime  rate,  LIBOR  rate  or  Bankers’ 
Acceptance rate as applicable and in effect during the interest period, plus additional interest based on a pricing rate 
schedule. The additional interest per the pricing rate schedule depends upon the debt to EBITDA ratio and ranges from 
a low of 75 basis points for Canadian prime rate loans to a high of 275 basis points for LIBOR and Bankers’ Acceptances. 
The  facility  contains  provisions  for  stamping  fees  on  Bankers’  Acceptances  and  LIBOR  loans,  and  standby  fees  on 
unutilized credit lines that vary depending on certain consolidated financial ratios. Total finance costs on the credit facility 
for the year ended December 31, 2018 were $2,606 (2017 – $2,068). These finance costs represent the interest paid on 
the debt and amortization of the deferred financing charges of $607 for the year ended December 31, 2018 (2017 – 
$561) (Note 9). 

(b)  Finance lease obligations 

For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Corporation held finance leases relating to automotive  and construction 
equipment that mature between January 2019 and December 2023, and bear interest at rates between 2.8% and 11.3%, 
with  a  weighted  average  effective  interest  rate  on  the  contracts  of  4.4%  per  annum  (2017  –  4.6%).  Finance  lease 
obligations are secured by automotive and construction equipment with a net book value of $5,913 (2017 – $3,984) and 
the lessors’ title to the leased assets (Note 18). The Corporation has the option to purchase the equipment under lease 
at the conclusion of the lease agreements. 

(c)  Changes in liabilities arising from financing activities 

The table below details changes in the Corporation’s liabilities arising from financing activities, including both cash and 
non-cash changes. Liabilities arising from financing activities are those for which cash flows were, or future cash flows 
will be, classified in the Corporation’s consolidated statements of cash flows as cash flows from financing activities. 

100 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,December 31,December 31,2018201720182017Not later than 1 year3,274$                 2,691$                 3,012$                 2,488$                 More than 1 year but not later than 5 years4,672                   4,300                   4,221                   4,097                   7,946$                 6,991$                 7,233$                 6,585$                 December 31,December 31,20182017Not later than 1 year262$                    203$                    More than 1 year but not later than 5 years451                      203                      713$                    406$                     Future Minimum Lease PaymentsPresent Value of Minimum Lease PaymentsInterestOpening Balance January 1, 2018Financing Cash FlowsNew and Acquired Finance LeasesAccretion and AmortizationOther - Declaration of DividendEnding Balance December 31, 2018Revolving credit facility1,867$                 34,394$               -     $                    607$                    -     $                    36,868$               Finance lease obligations6,585                   (2,665)                  3,313                   -                           -                           7,233                   Long-term note payable-                           2,000                   -                           -                           -                           2,000                   Convertible debentures, debt component76,170                 -                           -                           2,071                   -                           78,241                 Convertible debentures, equity component4,589                   -                           -                           -                           -                           4,589                   Dividend payable3,285                   (10,759)                -                           -                           10,808                 3,334                   92,496$               22,970$               3,313$                 2,678$                 10,808$               132,265$             Non-Cash Changes                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

24. CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES 

On September 19, 2014, the Corporation issued an aggregate of $70,000 principal amount of 6% convertible extendible 
unsecured subordinated debentures of the Corporation at a price of one thousand dollars per debenture. On September 
29, 2014, an additional $10,500 principal amount of the convertible debentures was issued pursuant to the exercise of 
the underwriters’ over-allotment option. Total gross proceeds from the offering amounted to $80,500. Net proceeds of 
the offering, after payment of the underwriters’ fee and other expenses of the offering of $3,877,  were $76,623. The 
maturity date of the convertible debentures is December 31, 2019. 

The convertible debentures bear interest at an annual rate of 6% payable in equal installments semi-annually in arrears 
on December 31 and June 30 in each year. The convertible debentures may be converted into common shares at the 
option of the holder at any time prior to the earlier of redemption by the Corporation or maturity.     

On and after December 31, 2018, and at any time prior to the final maturity date, the 2014 convertible debentures may 
be redeemed at the option of the Corporation, in whole or in part from time to time, at a redemption price equal to 100% 
of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon up to the date set for redemption.  

The Corporation may, at its discretion, elect to satisfy its obligation to pay the principal of the debentures along with any 
accrued and unpaid interest amount by issuing and delivering common shares. The number of shares issued will be 
determined based on market prices at the time of issuance.  

In the event of a change of control of the Corporation (as defined in the applicable trust indenture), the Corporation shall 
be required to offer to purchase all of the outstanding debentures on the date that is 30 business days after the date that 
such offer is delivered, at a purchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the debentures plus accrued and 
unpaid  interest  to  the  purchase  date.  Under  certain  circumstances  where  the  convertible  debentures  are  to  be 
repurchased by the Corporation or converted into common shares upon a change of control, a make whole premium will 
apply. The amount of the make whole premium, if any, will be based on the price of the common shares on the effective 
date of the change of control. No make whole premium will be paid if the price of the common shares at such time is 
less than $10.46 per share or exceeds $50.00 per share. 

101 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Debt component, beginning of the year76,170$               74,270$               Accretion on convertible debentures 1,331                   1,221                   Amortization of deferred financing fees740                      679                      Debt component, end of the year78,241$               76,170$               Equity component, end of the year4,589$                 4,589$                                                                                                                                                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

25. SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS 

(a)  Stock options 

Movement during the years: 

The options outstanding for the year ended December 31, 2018 have an exercise price in the range of $5.77 to $9.94 
(2017 – $5.77 to $9.94) and lives of between 5 and 10 years (2017 – 5 and 10 years). 

The terms and conditions related to the grants of the stock option program are as follows: 

102 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Number of WeightedNumber of WeightedStockAverage StockAverage OptionsExercise PriceOptionsExercise PriceOutstanding, beginning of the year2,173,088             6.57$                   1,995,134             8.15$                   Granted-                       -                       582,721                5.90                     Forfeited(247,897)              5.92                     -                       -                       Exercised(27,841)                7.50                     -                       -                       Expired (207,467)              7.68                      (404,767)              13.40                    Outstanding, end of the year1,689,883             6.51$                   2,173,088             6.57$                    OptionsExerciseFair Value AtOptionsOption SeriesOutstandingExpiry DatePriceGrant DateExercisableIssued on April 1, 2013267,882          01-Apr-237.50                2.52                267,882          Issued on September 13, 201423,050            13-Sep-199.94                3.08                23,050            Issued on September 13, 2014146,874          13-Sep-249.94                3.08                146,874          Issued on April 1, 201553,359            01-Apr-205.77                1.41                53,359            Issued on April 1, 2015228,967          01-Apr-255.77                1.41                228,967          Issued on March 8, 201675,266            08-Mar-215.80                0.98                50,177            Issued on March 8, 2016412,339          08-Mar-265.80                0.98                274,893          Issued on April 1, 2017482,146          01-Apr-275.90                0.87                160,715          As at December 31, 20181,689,883       1,205,917                                                                                                                                           
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

Inputs for measurement of grant date fair value 

The grant date fair value of stock option plans was measured based on the Black-Scholes model. Expected volatility is 
estimated by considering historic average share price volatility. The amounts computed, using the Black-Scholes model, 
may not be indicative of the actual values realized upon the exercise of these options by the holders. The inputs used in 
the measurement of the fair values at grant date of the stock option payment plans are the following: 

Compensation costs are recognized over the vesting period as share-based compensation expense and an increase to 
the  share-based  payment  reserve.  When  options  are  exercised,  the  fair  value  amount  in  the  share-based  payment 
reserve is credited to share capital.  

The following table illustrates the movement in the share-based payment reserve: 

(b)  MTIPs 

Bridging Restricted Share Units (BRSUs) track the value of a common share and provide eligible participants with an 
equivalent  cash  value  of  common  shares.  Each  grant  vests  20%  in  the  first  year,  30%  in  the  second  year  and  the 
remaining 50% in the third year. 

Restricted Share Units (RSUs) track the value of a common share and provide eligible participants with an equivalent 
cash value of common shares. Each grant cliff vests at the end of three years.  

Performance Share Units (PSUs) track the value of a common share and provide eligible participants with an equivalent 
cash value of common shares. Each grant cliff vests at the end of three years and the payout can be 0% to 200% of the 
vested units, subject to the achievement of certain corporate objectives as approved by the Board of Directors. Each 
grant of PSUs is individually evaluated regularly with regard to vesting and payout assumptions. 

The RSUs and PSUs granted in 2017 and 2018 differ from previous grants in that additional units are granted each time 
the Corporation pays a common share dividend. 

The Corporation will settle the BRSUs, RSUs and PSUs (collectively, the MTIPs) in cash within 20 business days after 
vesting. The original cost of the MTIPs is equal to the fair market value at the date of grant. Changes  to the amount of 
the liability due to fair value changes after the initial grant date are recognized as a compensation expense in the period 
in which the changes occur. 

103 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

Option Series Weighted Average Share Price  Exercise Price  Expected Volatility  Option Life  Dividend Yield  Risk-Free Interest Rate  Forfeiture Rate Issued in 2017April 1, 20175.90             5.90             38.41%107.83%1.31%10.00%December 31,December 31,20182017Balance, beginning of the year11,309$               10,793$               Share-based compensation expense258                      516                      Stock options exercised(70)                       -                           Balance, end of the year11,497$               11,309$                                                                                                                                                   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

Movement of units during the years: 

The RSUs and PSUs issued on April 1, 2016, 2017 and 2018 at a fair value at grant date of $6.79, $5.77 and $7.23 have 
a vesting date of April 1, 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively. 

In April 2018, the RSUs issued on April 1, 2015 vested at a weighted average price of $7.23. The PSUs issued on April 
1, 2015 also vested in April 2018 at a weighted average share price of $6.85 and a payout ratio of 45%. 

PSUs granted cliff vest at the end of three years and the payout can be 0% to 200% of the vested units, subject to the 
achievement of certain corporate objectives as approved by the  Board of Directors. Each individual grant of PSUs is 
evaluated regularly with regard to vesting and payout assumptions. The outstanding units as at December 31, 2018 and 
2017  factor  in  the  performance  conditions  that  modified  the  vested  value.  The  reduction  in  PSUs  outstanding  for 
adjustments  in  performance  multipliers  relates  to  revised  estimates  of  the  expected  PSU  performance  multiplier  on 
payout based on the criteria of each individual grant.  

(c)  DSUs 

The  Corporation  has  a  DSU  plan  under  which  participants  were  previously  entitled  to  contribute  a  portion  of  their 
earnings. As of January 1, 2013, employees were no longer able to contribute under the DSU plan. DSUs are units which 
provide the holder the right to receive a cash payment equal to the five-day weighted average of the value of the common 
shares at the payout  date. DSUs are cash settled  only  when an employee or  Director ceases to be an employee or 
Director.  The  terms  of  the  plan  allow  for  discretionary  grants  by  the  Board  of  Directors.  Discretionary  grants  vest 
immediately.  As  DSUs  are  awarded,  a  liability  is  established  and  compensation  expense  is  recognized  upon  grant. 
Changes  in  the  amount  of  the  liability  due  to  fair  value  changes  after  the  initial  grant  date  are  recognized  as  a 
compensation expense in the period in which the changes occur. DSUs are also adjusted for the Dividend Reinvestment 
Plan (DRIP) as they are paid (refer to Note 26(b) for details on the DRIP).  

104 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

 BRSUs  RSUs  PSUs Outstanding as at December 31, 201652,085                 744,599               717,292               Adjustment for PSU performance multiplier-                       -                       (142,749)              Granted-                       460,246               320,783               Forfeited(567)                     (21,812)                -                       Vested and paid(51,518)                (198,855)              (158,129)              Outstanding as at December 31, 2017 (1)-                       984,178                737,197                Outstanding as at December 31, 2017-                       984,178               737,197               Adjustment for PSU performance multiplier-                       -                       (293,027)              Granted-                       431,144               299,166               Forfeited-                       (176,799)              (96,426)                Vested and paid-                       (294,000)              (127,791)              Outstanding as at December 31, 2018-                       944,523               519,119               (1) The outstanding PSUs as at December 31, 2017 have been adjusted from 879,946 as previously disclosed, for the impact of the performance multiplier.                                                                                                                                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

Movement of units during the years: 

(d)  Share-based payment liability 

Included in trade and other payables is the current portion of the MTIPs to be paid out within the next 12 months. The 
long-term portion of MTIPs and DSUs of $6,903 as at December 31, 2018 (2017 – $8,516) is classified as share-based 
payments  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  financial  position.  The  total  intrinsic  value  reflects  all  of  the  outstanding 
DSUs and vested MTIPs as at December 31, 2018.  

(e)  Share-based compensation expense 

105 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Outstanding, beginning of the year709,143                561,804               Granted138,869                147,339               Outstanding, end of the year848,012                709,143                December 31,December 31,20182017Carrying amount of liabilities for cash-settled arrangementsCurrent portion941$                    2,825$                 Long-term portion6,903                   8,516                   Total carrying amount7,844$                 11,341$               Total intrinsic value of liability for vested benefits4,223$                 5,006$                 December 31,December 31,20182017Share-based compensation expense on stock options258$                    516$                    Effects of changes in fair value and accretion of MTIP grants263                      4,152                   Effects of changes in fair value and grants for DSUs(866)                     1,651                   Share-based compensation (recovery) expense(345)$                   6,319$                                                                                                                                                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

26. SHARE CAPITAL 

(a)  Common shares and preferred shares 

The  Corporation’s  common  shares  have  no  par  value  and  the  authorized  share  capital  is  comprised  of  an  unlimited 
number of common shares and an unlimited number of preferred shares issuable in series with rights set by the Directors.  

No preferred shares are currently issued. Subject to the provisions of the Articles of the Corporation and the Business 
Corporations Act (Alberta), the Directors are authorized to fix the designation rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions 
attached to each series of preferred shares. 

(b)  Common shares and dividends 

The  holders  of  common  shares  are  entitled  to  receive  dividends  if,  as  and  when  declared  by  the  Directors  of  the 
Corporation,  to  receive  notice  of,  to  attend  and  to  one  vote  per  share  at  all  meetings  of  the  shareholders  of  the 
Corporation, and to share equally in the remaining property of the Corporation upon liquidation, dissolution or wind-up 
of the Corporation. 

The Corporation declared its thirty-first quarterly dividend of $0.12 per share, which was paid on January 15, 2019 to 
shareholders of record on December 31, 2018.  

The Corporation has a DRIP that allows eligible shareholders to direct cash dividends payable on their common shares 
of  the  Corporation  to  be  reinvested  in  additional  common  shares.  The  portion  of  shares  related  to  the  DRIP,  as 
determined by the share transfer agent, is calculated using the dividend per share for all DRIP shares divided by 95% 
of the weighted average market price of all common shares traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange for the 10 trading 
days preceding the dividend payment date. This value is recorded as a payable in that period with the offset recorded to 
retained earnings. Once the dividend is paid, the amount of DRIP shares issued is recorded as an increase to share 
capital  with  a  decrease  to  the  dividend  payable.  The  accounts  of  DSU  holders,  as  well  as  RSU  and  PSU  holders 
beginning with the 2017 grants, are adjusted for the Corporation’s declared dividends.  

106 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017SharesShare CapitalSharesShare CapitalCommon SharesIssued, beginning of the year27,370,727           144,968$             26,921,371           142,687$             DRIP384,529                2,445                    449,356                2,281                   Issued during the year27,841                  279                      -                       -                           Issued, end of the year27,783,097           147,692$             27,370,727           144,968$                                                                                                                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

As at December 31, 2018, trade and other payables included $3,334 (2017 – $3,285) related to the dividend payable on 
January 15, 2019, of which $642 (2017 – $616) is to be reinvested in common shares under the DRIP and the remainder 
paid in cash. 

The Corporation’s shareholder rights plan grants shareholders, other than the acquiring person, the right to purchase 
from the Corporation the number of common shares having an aggregate market price equal to twice the exercise price. 
Such rights can only be exercised on the occurrence of a triggering event, which is defined as a person acquiring, or 
publicly announcing their intention to acquire 20% or more of the common shares, other than by an acquisition pursuant 
to a takeover bid permitted by the plan. 

27. CHANGE IN NON-CASH WORKING CAPITAL BALANCES RELATING TO OPERATIONS 

28. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

(a)  Carrying values and fair values 

Financial instruments consist of recorded amounts of receivables and other like amounts  that will result in future cash 
receipts, as well as trade and other payables, short-term borrowings and any other amounts that will result in future cash 
outlays. 

The Corporation has determined that the fair value of its financial assets, including cash and cash equivalents, trade and 
other receivables and long-term receivable, and financial liabilities, including trade and other payables, approximates 
their respective carrying amounts as at the statement of financial position dates, because of the short-term maturity of 
those  instruments.  The  fair  values  of  the  Corporation’s  interest-bearing  financial  liabilities  also  approximate  their 
respective carrying amounts. This is due to the floating rate nature of the variable-rate interest bearing financial liabilities, 
including the revolving credit facility and long-term note payable. Further, the fair value of the Corporation’s fixed rate 
convertible debentures approximates its carrying value based on their public trading price. 

107 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Per ShareTotalPer ShareTotalDividend payable, beginning of the year0.12$                    3,285$                  0.12$                    3,231$                 Total dividends declared during the year0.48                      13,253                  0.48                      13,052                  Total dividends paid during the year (1)(0.48)                    (13,204)                (0.48)                    (12,998)                Dividend payable, end of the year0.12$                    3,334$                  0.12$                    3,285$                  (1) Includes DRIP non-cash payments totaling $2,445 (December 31, 2017 – $2,281) which are recorded through share capital.December 31,December 31,2018 (1)2017Trade and other receivables19,999$               (35,594)$              Inventory6                          602                      Prepaid expenses557                      3,081                   Costs in excess of billings(9,686)                  (14,947)                Trade and other payables(32,414)                55,225                 Contract advances and unearned income(15,422)                (790)                     (Decrease) increase in non-cash working capital balances relating to operations(36,960)$              7,577$                 (1) Changes in non-cash working capital balances as at December 31, 2018 incorporate changes in Tartan's working capital from the November 6, 2018 acquisition date.                                                                                                                                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

Fair value hierarchy 

When required, the Corporation values instruments carried at fair value using quoted market prices, where available. 
Quoted  market  prices  represent  a  Level  1  valuation.  When  quoted  market  prices  are  not  available,  the  Corporation 
maximizes the use of observable inputs within valuation models. When all significant inputs are observable, the valuation 
is classified as Level 2. Valuations that require the significant use of unobservable inputs are considered Level 3. The 
Corporation does not carry any assets or liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.  

(b)  Financial risk management 

(i)  Credit risk 

The Corporation invests its cash with the objective of maintaining safety of principal and providing adequate liquidity to 
meet all current payment obligations. The Corporation invests its cash and cash equivalents with counterparties that it 
believes  are  of  high  credit  quality  as  assessed  by  reputable  rating  agencies.  Given  these  high  credit  ratings,  the 
Corporation does not expect any counterparties holding these cash equivalents to fail to meet their obligations. 

With the adoption of IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments, the Corporation now uses the new expected credit loss impairment 
model, as opposed to the incurred loss model under the previous standard, IAS 39 – Financial Instruments: Recognition 
and Measurement. The change to the new model did not have an impact on the carrying amounts of the Corporation’s 
financial assets on the date of adoption, given the Corporation transacts with organizations with strong credit ratings and 
has had a negligible historical level of customer default.  

Under  IFRS  9,  the  Corporation  is  required  to  review  impairment  of  its  trade  and  other  receivables  at  each  reporting 
period and to review its allowance for doubtful accounts for expected future credit losses. The Corporation takes into 
consideration  the  customer’s  payment  history,  creditworthiness  and  the  current  economic  environment  in  which  the 
customer operates, to assess impairment.  

Prior to accepting new customers, the Corporation assesses the customer’s credit quality and establishes the customer’s 
credit limit. The Corporation accounts for specific bad debt provisions when management considers that the expected 
recovery is less than the actual amount of the accounts receivable.  

The provision for doubtful accounts has been included in administrative costs in the consolidated statements of earnings 
and is net of any recoveries that were provided for in a prior period.  

The following table represents the movement in the allowance for doubtful accounts: 

108 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Balance, beginning of the year344$                    1,013$                 Impairment losses recognized on receivables219                      479                      Amounts written off during the year as uncollectible(320)                     (943)                     Amounts recovered during the year(32)                       (177)                     Impairment losses reversed -                           (28)                       Balance, end of the year211$                    344$                                                                                                                                                        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

Trade  receivables  shown  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  financial  position  include  the  following  amounts  that  are 
current and past due at the end of the reporting period. The Corporation does not hold any collateral over these balances. 
The terms and conditions established with individual customers determine whether or not the receivable is past due.  

In determining the quality of trade receivables, the Corporation considers any change in the credit quality of the trade 
receivable from the date credit was initially granted up to the end of the reporting period. As at December 31, 2018, the 
Corporation had $15,362 of trade receivables (2017 – $20,328) which were greater than 90 days past due with $15,151 
not provided for (2017 – $19,984). Management is not materially concerned about the credit quality and collectability of 
these accounts, as the Corporation’s customers are predominantly large in scale and of high creditworthiness, and the 
concentration of credit risk is limited due to its sizeable and unrelated customer base. 

(ii) 

Interest rate risk 

Interest rate risk is the risk to the Corporation’s earnings that arises from fluctuations in the interest rates and the degree 
of volatility of these rates. The Corporation is exposed to variable interest rate risk on its revolving credit facility. The 
Corporation does not use derivative instruments to reduce its exposure to this risk. 

At the reporting date, the interest rate profile of the Corporation’s interest-bearing financial instruments was: 

Fixed rate sensitivity 

The Corporation does not account for any fixed rate financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss. 

Variable rate sensitivity 

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018,  a  change  of  100  basis  points  in  interest  rates  would  have  increased  or 
decreased equity and profit or loss by $189 related to financial assets and by $284 related to financial liabilities (2017 – 
$231 and $62, respectively). As at December 31, 2018, the impact to profit or loss from a change in interest rates related 
to financial assets would be partially offset by the impact related to financial liabilities.  

109 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Current97,714$               80,201$               1-60 days past due46,763                 55,184                 61-90 days past due5,910                   4,236                   More than 90 days past due15,362                 20,328                 165,749$             159,949$             December 31,December 31,2018 2017 Fixed rate instrumentsFinancial liabilities85,474$               76,170$               Variable rate instrumentsFinancial assets25,905$                31,651$                Financial liabilities38,868$                8,452$                                                                                                                                                      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

(iii)  Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the  Corporation  will encounter  difficulties  in meeting its financial liability obligations. The 
Corporation  manages  this  risk  through  cash  and  debt  management.  In  managing  liquidity  risk,  the  Corporation  has 
access to committed short and long-term debt facilities as well as equity markets, the availability of which is dependent 
on market conditions.  

The Corporation believes it has sufficient funding through the use of these facilities to meet foreseeable financial liability 
obligations. 

The following are the contractual obligations, including interest payments, as at December 31, 2018, in respect of the 
financial obligations of the Corporation. Interest payments on the Revolver have not been included in the table below 
since they are subject to variability based upon outstanding balances at various points throughout the year. 

29. CAPITAL MANAGEMENT 

The Corporation’s objectives in managing capital are to ensure sufficient liquidity to pursue growth objectives and fund 
the payment of dividends, while maintaining a prudent amount of financial leverage. 

The Corporation’s capital is comprised of equity and long-term indebtedness. The Corporation’s primary uses of capital 
are to finance operations, execute upon its growth strategies and to fund capital expenditure programs. 

The Corporation intends to maintain a flexible capital structure consistent with the objectives stated above and to respond 
to changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust its 
capital  structure,  the  Corporation  may  issue  new  shares,  raise  debt  or  refinance  existing  debt  with  different 
characteristics.  

The primary non-IFRS measures used  by  the Corporation to monitor its financial  leverage are its ratios  of long-term 
indebtedness to capitalization and net long-term indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA. 

110 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

Carrying AmountContractual Cash FlowsNot Later Than 1 YearLater Than 1 Year and Less Than 3 YearsLater Than 3 Years and Less Than 5 YearsLater Than 5 YearsTrade and other payables196,127$             196,127$             196,127$             -     $                    -     $                    -     $                    Provisions, including current portion10,055                 10,889                 8,344                   1,216                   661                      668                      Convertible debentures (debt portion)78,241                 85,330                 85,330                 -                           -                           -                           Long-term debt, including current portion46,101                 48,611                 3,274                   43,001                 2,336                   -                           Operating lease commitments (1)-                           46,072                 7,633                   12,226                 12,226                 13,987                 330,524$             387,029$             300,708$             56,443$               15,223$               14,655$               (1) Includes sublease payments to be received related to operating lease commitments. Refer to Note 32 for further details.                                                                                                                                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

Over the long term, the Corporation strives to maintain a target long-term indebtedness to capitalization percentage in 
the range of 20% to 40%, calculated as follows:   

The Corporation targets a net long-term indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA ratio of 2.0 to 3.0 over a three to five-year 
planning horizon. As at December 31, 2018, the net long-term indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA was 2.8 (2017 – 1.7), 
calculated on a last 12 month basis as follows:  

111 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Long-term indebtedness:Long-term debt, principal amount (1)47,733$               10,585$               Convertible debentures, principal amount (2)80,500                 80,500                 Total long-term indebtedness128,233               91,085                 Total equity200,762               206,442               Total capitalization328,995$             297,527$             Indebtedness to capitalization percentage39%31%(1) Principal amount of current and non-current long-term debt before the deduction of deferred financing fees. (2) Includes the maturity value of the convertible debentures issued in 2014 (Note 24). December 31,December 31, 2018 2017Total long-term indebtedness (1)128,233$             91,085$               Less: Cash on hand(25,905)                (31,651)                Net long-term indebtedness for the last 12 months102,328$             59,434$               Net earnings5,373$                 9,602$                 Add:Finance income(83)                       (36)                       Finance costs9,751                   8,875                   Depreciation and amortization15,227                 14,945                 Income tax expense2,656                   3,727                   Costs related to investing activities368                      -                           Costs related to activist shareholder activities198                      -                           Restructuring costs (recovery)2,906                   (1,258)                  Equity-settled share-based compensation expense258                      516                      Gain on sale of assets(554)                     (426)                     Adjusted EBITDA for the last 12 months (2) (3)36,100$               35,945$               Net long-term indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA ratio2.8                       1.7                       (2)WhileadjustedEBITDAisacommonfinancialmeasurewidelyusedbyinvestorstofacilitatean“enterpriselevel”valuationofanentity,itdoesnot have a standardized definition prescribed by IFRS, and therefore other issuers may calculate adjusted EBITDA differently.(3)Includesthelong-termindebtednessassociatedwiththeacquisitionofTartan,butdoesnotreflectthebenefitofTartan'strailing12-monthadjustedEBITDApriortotheNovember6,2018acquisitiondate.IncludingTartan'strailing12-monthadjustedEBITDAonapro-formabasis,thenet long-term indebtedness to adjusted EBITDA ratio is 2.6.(1) As per the calculation in the indebtedness to capitalization percentage.                                                                                                                                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

The Corporation monitors its capital requirements through a rolling forecast of operating results and the related financial 
position. In addition, the Corporation establishes and reviews operating and capital budgets and cash flow forecasts in 
order to manage overall capital with respect to financial covenants. The Corporation’s Revolver is subject to the financial 
covenants described in Note 23(a). 

30. PRINCIPAL SUBSIDIARIES 

Details of the Corporation’s principal operating subsidiaries as at December 31, 2018 are as follows: 

31. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

Balances and transactions between the Corporation and its subsidiaries, which are related parties, have been eliminated 
on  consolidation  and  are  not  disclosed  in  this  note.  There  were  no  transactions  between  the  Corporation  and  other 
related parties for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.  

32. OPERATING LEASE AGREEMENTS 

The Corporation leases certain construction equipment, vehicles, office equipment and office, yard and shop facilities 
under  operating  leases.  The  Corporation  subleases  excess  office,  yard  and  shop  facilities.  Future  minimum  lease 
payments on non-cancellable operating lease commitments over the next five years and thereafter, both gross and net 
of sublease payments to be received, are as follows: 

112 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

Name of SubsidiaryPrincipal ActivityPlace of Incorporation and OperationProportion of Ownership Interest and Voting Power HeldStuart Olson Buildings Ltd.Building ConstructionAlberta100%Stuart Olson Industrial Inc.Industrial ConstructionAlberta100%411007 Alberta Ltd.CorporateAlberta100%TCC Holdings Inc.CorporateAlberta100%The Churchill CorporationElectrical ContractingAlberta100%Stuart Olson Asset Corp.CorporateAlberta100%2018Not later than 1 year8,728$                       (1,094)$                      7,634$                       Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years28,123                       (3,672)                        24,451                       Later than 5 years16,030                       (2,043)                        13,987                       52,881$                     (6,809)$                      46,072$                     Future Sublease PaymentsGross Future Minimum Lease PaymentsNet Future Minimum Lease Payments2017Not later than 1 year9,922$                       (1,304)$                      8,618$                       Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years30,292                       (4,470)                        25,822                       Later than 5 years21,054                       (3,186)                        17,868                       61,268$                     (8,960)$                      52,308$                     Gross Future Minimum Lease PaymentsFuture Sublease PaymentsNet Future Minimum Lease Payments                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

Payments recognized as expense: 

Management  has  applied  judgment  in  determining  the  classification  of  these  leases  as  operating  leases.  Certain 
construction equipment, vehicles and equipment leases and office, yard and shop premise leases have been classified 
as operating leases since title does not pass, the monthly amounts paid do not represent substantially all of the fair value 
of the leased assets, the lease term is not for the major part of the economic life and the Corporation does not participate 
in the residual value of these assets. 

33. REMAINING PERFORMANCE OBLIGATIONS 

As at December 31, 2018, the aggregate amount of the transaction price of ongoing contracts allocated to remaining 
performance  obligations  is  $1,108,919,  compared  to  $1,124,284  as  at  December  31,  2017.  The  value  of  remaining 
performance obligations does not include amounts for estimated future work orders to be performed as part of master 
service  agreements  or  maintenance  service  contracts,  where  the  value  of  work  is  not  specified.  Therefore,  the 
Corporation’s anticipated future work to be performed at any given time is greater than what is reported as remaining 
performance obligations.  

Remaining  performance  obligation  duration,  representing  the  expected  period  during  which  remaining  performance 
obligation balances will be converted into revenue, is set out in the table below.  

34. CONTINGENCIES, COMMITMENTS AND GUARANTEES 

(a)  Contingencies 

In the normal course of the Corporation’s operations, whether directly or indirectly, it may become involved in, named 
as a party to or the subject of, various legal proceedings and legal actions relating to, among other things, construction 
disputes for which insurance is not available, human resources matters, personal injuries, property damage and general 
commercial and contractual matters arising from its business activities.  In view of the quantum of the amounts claimed, 
the insurance coverage maintained by the Corporation and, in some cases, the provisions included in the Corporation’s 
financial statements for any potential settlements in respect of these matters, management does not believe that any 
existing litigation or pending litigation will ultimately result in a final judgment against the Corporation that would have a 
material  adverse  impact  on  the  financial  position  or  results  of  operations  of  the  Corporation.   Litigation  is,  however, 
inherently  uncertain.   Accordingly,  adverse  outcomes  to  current  litigation  or  pending  litigation  are  possible.   These 
potentially  adverse  outcomes  could  include  financial  loss,  damage  to  the  Corporation’s  reputation  or  reduction  of 
prospects for future contract awards. 

113 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

December 31,December 31,20182017Lease payments10,354$                     9,926$                       Sublease payments received(1,849)                        (1,727)                        8,505$                       8,199$                       December 31,December 31,20182017Next 12 months652,713$             632,862$             Next 13-24 months259,681               284,820               Beyond196,525               206,602               1,108,919$          1,124,284$                                                                                                                                              
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except share and per share amounts) 

Subsidiaries  of  the  Corporation  are  contingently  liable  for  normal  contractor  obligations  relating  to  performance  and 
completion of construction contracts as well as obligations of associates in certain joint arrangements. 

Commitments and guarantees 

The Corporation has made various donations in support of local communities. Over the next three years the Corporation 
has committed to pay $88 (2017 – $136), of which $26 (2017 – $97) is to be paid in the upcoming 12 month period. 

The Corporation is a participant in joint operations for which it has provided joint and several guarantees, increasing the 
maximum potential payment to the full value of the work remaining under the contract.  

Several parental guarantees have been issued in support of joint operations and significant projects being undertaken 
by the Corporation’s operating segments. 

(b)  Letters of credit 

The Corporation has provided several letters of credit in the amount of $5,652 in connection with various projects and 
joint arrangements (2017 – $8,287), of which $2,500 are financial letters of credit (2017 – $2,500).  

35. EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD 

On March 5, 2019, the Corporation’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly common share dividend of $0.06 per share. 
The dividend is designated as an eligible dividend under the Income Tax Act (Canada) and is payable April 16, 2019 to 
shareholders of record on March 29, 2019.  

On  March  5,  2019,  the  Corporation  negotiated  an  amendment  to  improve  a  number  of  terms  in  its  credit  facility 
agreement,  including  (1)  a  temporary  increase  in  the  debt  to  EBITDA  covenant,  providing  the  Corporation  with  the 
optionality  to  use  the  Revolver  to  fully  settle  the  repayment  of  the  $80,500  convertible  debentures  in  2019,  (2)  the 
exclusion of non-cash interest costs from the calculation of the interest coverage ratio covenant, (3) a change in key 
covenant definitions to ensure that any potential negative impact from the adoption of IFRS 16 is minimized, and (4) 
costs related to certain shareholder activities are excluded from the definition of EBITDA.  

114 | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 

                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate & Shareholder Information 

Officers  

Directors  

Executive Offices  

David LeMay, MBA 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

Albrecht W.A. Bellstedt, B.A., J.D., Q.C. 
Chair 

Daryl Sands, B.Comm., CA 
Executive Vice President, Finance and 
Chief Financial Officer 

Raymond D. Crossley, B.A., CPA, CA (1) (3) 

Chad Danard (1) (2) 

David C. Filmon, B.Comm, LL.B. (1) (2) 

600, 4820 Richard Road SW 
Calgary, Alberta T3E 6L1 
Phone: (403) 685-7777 
Fax: (403) 685-7770 
Email: info@stuartolson.com 

Website: www.stuartolson.com 

Joette Decore, BSc., MBA 
Executive Vice President, Strategy and 
Corporate Development 

David LeMay, MBA 

Carmen R. Loberg (2) (3) (4) 

John Krill, P.Eng., MBA 
President and Chief Operating Officer 
Canem Systems Ltd.  

Bob Myles, P.Eng. 
Chief Operating Officer 
Industrial Group 

Bill Pohl, B.Mgmt., CA 
Vice President Finance, Operations 

Richard Stone, B.Comm., LL.B.  
Vice President, General Counsel and 
Corporate Secretary 

Ian M. Reid, B.Comm. (2) (3) (4) 

Mary Hemmingsen, CPA, CA (1) (4) 

(1) Member of the Audit Committee 

(2) Member of the Human Resources & 

Compensation  Committee 

(3) Member of the Corporate Governance & 

Nominating Committee 

(4) Member of the Health, Safety & 

Environment Committee 

Auditors  

Deloitte LLP   
Calgary, Alberta 

Principal  Bank  

The Toronto-Dominion Bank 

Bonding and Insurance  

Aon Reed Stenhouse Inc. 
Chubb Insurance Company of 
Canada 
Liberty Mutual Insurance Company 

Registrars and Transfer Agents  

Inquiries regarding change of address, registered holdings, transfers, duplicate 
mailings and lost certificates should be directed to: 

Common Shares  

Convertible Debentures  

AST Trust Company (Canada) 
600 The Dome Tower 
333 – 7th Avenue SW 
Calgary, Alberta T2P 2Z1 

Phone: (403) 776-3900 

Fax: (403) 776-3916 
Email: Inquiries@astfinancial.com 
Website: www.astfinancial.com/ca-en 
Answerline: 1-800-387-0825 

Computershare Trust Company of Canada 
Suite 600, 530 – 8th Avenue SW             
Calgary, Alberta T2P 3S8                               
Email: 
corporatetrust.calgary@computershare.com 
Website: www.computershare.com 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_________________________________ 

600, 4820 Richard Road SW 
Calgary, AB T3E 6L1 
Phone: (403) 685-7777 
Fax: (403) 685-7770 
www.stuartolson.com 
_________________________________