Quarterlytics / Industrials / Industrial - Machinery / Symphony Environmental Technologies Plc

Symphony Environmental Technologies Plc

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FY2019 Annual Report · Symphony Environmental Technologies Plc
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Company Number: 03676824 

 
                                                                                                                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                     
 
 
 
 
 
Financial highlights: 

•  Group revenues £8.23 million (2018: £8.80 million)  
•  Gross profit £3.78 million (2018: £4.13 million) 
•  Reported loss before tax £0.70 million (2018: profit £0.04 million) 
•  Basic loss per share 0.41p (2018: earnings per share 0.03p) 
•  Cash used in operations £0.73 million (2018: £1.01 million) 
•  Net current assets £2.85 million (2018: £1.71 million) 

Business highlights: 

•  Subscription completed for new shares raising £1.9 million (net) 
•  Grupo Bimbo, the world’s largest bakery, announces expansion of its biodegradable packaging 

programme, and new packaging showing Symphony’s d2w brand 

•  New and first significant order for d2w agricultural grade 
•  Major launch of d2p “Protector” products in Bahrain 
•  Awarded London Stock Exchange Green Economy Classification & Mark 

Post year-end 

FDA approves Symphony’s antibacterial packaging for bread; commercial trials ongoing 

•  Q1 2020 revenues increase by 53% to £2.45 million (Q1 2019: £1.60 million) 
• 
•  New European orders in May for d2p antimicrobial gloves exceeding £0.5 million 
• 
•  Single use plastic bans outside the EU being postponed or overturned due to concern for people’s safety 

Increasing activity for other d2p additives and products 

• 

and hygiene taking priority 
The Group has not been materially affected by COVID-19 and accordingly has not needed to utilise any 
of the Government COVID-19 support packages 

Chairman’s Statement  

We are at a time of unprecedented change. The current COVID-19 pandemic is likely to permanently alter human 
outlook and consumption trends, further establishing the environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) concerns 
of key stakeholders of the vast majority of organisations.  

Symphony’s  proposition  gathered  further  ESG  momentum  during  2019  by  increasing  key  sales  and  public 
relations resources,  as well  as  further  gaining international recognition by  customers,  governments  and other 
bodies, with the award of new contracts, approved supplier accreditations and a Green Economy Classification 
and Mark.  These achievements were accompanied by a small reduction in revenues during 2019, but that year 
in isolation does not capture the momentum of the Group, as demonstrated by a 53% increase in revenues during 
the first quarter of 2020 to £2.45m versus £1.60m for the same period last year.  

Symphony  is  at  the  forefront  of  the  plastics  debate  in  key  territories  around  the  World  and  has  established 
specialist  teams  to  interact  with  governments,  NGO’s,  and  corporates.  Our  legislative  activities  are  mainly 
country-specific, and we have substantially invested in regional advisory and lobbying professionals primarily in 
the  Middle  East  and  Latin  America,  which  are  considering  legislative  changes  towards  biodegradable  and 
compostable products, thereby providing significant opportunities for our range of d2w and d2c products. 

In  2019,  the  world’s  largest  bakery  company,  Grupo  Bimbo,  publicly  announced  of  its  d2w  biodegradable 
packaging  programme  (originally  launched  in  2008),  and  for  the  first  time  their  packaging  showed  our  d2w 
registered trademark. Their d2w biodegradable packaging expansion process is ongoing. 

In 2019, the three-stage regulation for making plastic packaging in Saudi Arabia oxo-biodegradable continued to 
be  enforced,  but  with  phases  two  and  three  for  additional  products  having  been  delayed  from  the  original 
published timetable, with no date yet been made public. The first stage, which is significant in itself, and includes 
carrier bags and refuse sacks, is ongoing, and since the start of 2020 some products have been brought forward 
from later stages to this first stage. In addition, enforcement activity has recently increased to ensure better  

- 1 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
compliance with stage one.  

Significantly, since the year end, the Company announced in February that it had received USA FDA approval 
for  its  antibacterial  additive  for  plastic  bread  packaging.  Several  customer  trials  and  evaluations  which  were 
prohibited before FDA approval have commenced following earlier successful small-scale studies. 

With public health and hygiene being an urgent issue, we are seeing an increase in activity in our d2p antimicrobial 
technologies and products. During May 2020, we received new orders for d2p treated gloves totalling more than 
£500,000. As previously announced, we have commissioned antiviral tests, which include some members of the 
coronavirus family of viruses, and we expect results by the end of June. We have not yet identified a laboratory 
willing and able to test for COVID-19 itself, and we continue to search. 

The COVID-19 pandemic has so far had little negative impact on the operations of the Group, and staff have 
adapted  well  to  working  at  home.  We  have  seen  minor  cashflow  and  order  delays  in  some  territories,  but  at 
present our main markets are generally stable as our technology is mainly used in food packaging. In terms of 
price, availability,  hygiene  and  effectiveness, it is  our view  that  plastics are  currently  the ideal product for the 
protection of people (through PPE) and the packaging of food and goods. d2w improves flexible plastics making 
them biodegradable and reducing their negative impact on the environment, and our d2p range enhances plastics 
and rubber by including long-lasting antimicrobial benefits. 

Despite  current  global  uncertainties,  we  are  confident  that  our  technologies  are  well  placed  to  benefit  key 
concerns  over  hygiene  and  the  environment.  Many  countries  around  the  world  are  starting  to  ease  their 
lockdowns, but we continue to make decisions which aim to keep the Group in the best financial position possible 
should there be any significant negative effects on revenue or cashflow. Our staff are working effectively during 
these times, and we have not needed to utilise any Government COVID-19 support packages.  

I would therefore like to thank the Board and our staff for all their resilience and extremely hard and dedicated 
work to keep Symphony in its strong position during these challenging times. Further thanks also to our distributor 
network for all their hard work and despite these uncertain times the Board remains optimistic for the future. 

N Clavel  
Interim Chairman 

22 May 2020 

- 2 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company Information 

Company registration number 

03676824 

Registered office 

Directors 

6 Elstree Gate 
Elstree Way 
Borehamwood 
Hertfordshire 
WD6 1JD 

Michael Laurier – Chief Executive Officer 
Ian Bristow FCCA – Chief Financial Officer 
Michael Stephen, LL.M – Commercial Director & Deputy Chairman  
Nicolas Clavel – Non-Executive Director & Interim Chairman 
Shaun Robinson – Non-Executive Director 
Robert (Bob) Wigley – Non-Executive Director  

Secretary 

Ian Bristow 

Nominated Adviser and Broker 

Bankers 

Solicitors 

Auditor 

Registrars 

Cantor Fitzgerald Europe 
One Churchill Place 
Canary Wharf 
London 
EC14 5RB 

HSBC Bank Plc 
103 Station Road  
Edgware 
Middlesex 
HA8 7JJ 

Eversheds Sutherland 
1 Wood Street 
London 
EC2V 7WS 

Mazars LLP 
Chartered Accountants and 
Statutory Auditor 
Tower Bridge House  
St Katharine’s Way 
London 
E1W 1DD 

Link Asset Services 
The Registry 
34 Beckenham Road 
Beckenham 
Kent 
BR3 4T

- 3 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
Chief Executive’s Review  

Introduction 

The  Group  continues  at  this  pivotal  period  to  see  a  strengthening  of  its  underlying  business  and  key 
drivers. For our d2p range of technologies, most of our earlier R&D developments are now complete and 
the  commercial  sales  process  for  many  different  applications  is  ongoing  in  areas  such  as  healthcare 
products, antimicrobial gloves, and additives for use in drinking and irrigation waterpipes. In addition, we 
have continued to progress our many different d2p formulations for flame retardant plastics, together with 
odour and ethylene adsorber masterbatches. For d2w, the legislative position in some markets is showing 
progress - such as in the Middle East and Latin America. 

Legislative actions around the world to ban or restrict the use of single use plastics, described in the press 
and in our earlier announcements, created a positive opportunity for our global representatives to engage 
at government level and in the media, so as to be part of the debate. These activities continued throughout 
2019 and are ongoing. COVID-19 has strengthened the global requirement for single use plastic which is 
ideal for our d2w technology. Multiple-use  plastics are more problematic for hosting  and accumulating 
harmful microbes and there is an opportunity for our d2p antimicrobial technology.  

Grupo Bimbo's public d2w event on 20 August 2019 was significant as they expand their programme of 
adopting  more  environmentally  friendly  packaging  and  for  the  first  time  using  our  d2w  logo  on  their 
products. 

During 2019, we continued to develop our d2w technology into many new applications such as footwear, 
non-woven polypropylene for use in PPE type products, and also for agricultural products, which saw new 
commercial sales. 

Our strategy continues to be to invest into the legislative drivers for d2w type biodegradable technologies 
together  with  further  commercialising  our  developed  d2p  technologies  within  the  Group's  existing 
operational framework. 

Trading results 

Group  revenues  decreased  by  6.5%  to  £8.23  million  from  £8.80  million  in 2018.  Gross  profit  margins 
decreased slightly to 45.9% (2018: 46.9%). As a result, the contribution from gross profit decreased to 
£3.78 million from £4.13 million in 2018.   

As announced on 17 December 2019, revenues for the full year were affected by inventory adjustments 
by some of our customers waiting for legislative clarification in certain markets. These factors persisted 
during the year, as both business drivers, legislation and enforcement activities regarding the manufacture 
of plastics, remained in a fluid period of change.  

Costs increased by 5.8% to £4.08 million (2018: £3.85 million) due to increased selling resource together 
with advisory costs associated with legislative and regulatory situations as described earlier. Staff costs 
also increased during the period in the marketing and technical departments. The Group expensed R&D 
costs of £0.63 million in 2019 (2018: £0.66 million). An R&D tax credit of £37,000 (2018: £10,000) was 
confirmed  receivable  as  at  the  year-end  relating  to  previous  periods.  A  further  R&D  tax  credit  will  be 
receivable with respect to 2019. 

The Group adopted IFRS 16 during 2019 which requires lessees to account for leases 'on-balance sheet' 
by recognising a right-of-use asset together with its respective lease liability. The value of the recognised 
'right-of-use asset' as at 1 January 2019 was £0.76 million which related primarily to the Group's head 
office. This new policy resulted in additional non-cash charges of £37,000 made to the income statement 
for the year from depreciation on the right-of-use asset and interest expense on lease liabilities. 

- 4 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA  before  R&D and the  additional  communication and marketing costs is calculated  as 
follows: 

Operating (loss)/profit 
Add:  
Depreciation (non right-of-use) 
Amortisation 
R&D expenditure 
Increased marketing, communication and 
other brand protection costs 

Adjusted EBITDA 

2019 
£’000 
(622) 
76 

17 
627 
331 

429 

2018 
£’000 
64 
81 

16 
664 
357 

1,182 

Reported operating loss was £0.62 million (2018: profit £0.06 million) and loss after tax of £0.66 million 
(2018: profit £0.05 million) with basic loss per share of 0.41 pence (2018: earnings per share 0.03 pence).  

The Group’s primary selling currency is the US Dollar and therefore a strong dollar against sterling, our 
reporting  currency,  is  beneficial  for  the  Group.  The  Group  self-hedges  by  purchasing  goods  where 
possible in US Dollars and utilises bank forward currency contract agreements to minimise exchange risk. 
As at 31 December 2019, the Group had a net balance of US Dollar assets (US Dollar cash balances and 
receivables less overdrafts and payables) totalling $1.90 million (2018: $1.10 million). To mitigate this the 
Group had bank forward currency contracts to sell 1.25 million US Dollars and receive a fixed amount of 
sterling as at 31 December 2019 (31 December 2018: nil US Dollars). The Group is experiencing higher 
volatility in Sterling/US Dollar exchange rate as a result of the uncertainties currently surrounding Brexit. 

Balance sheet and cash flow 

The Group had net  cash of  £0.88 million  at 31 December 2019 (2018:  net debt of  £0.08 million).  The 
Group used cash of £0.73 million from operations (2018: cash used of £1.01 million) primarily as a result 
of the operating loss for the period.  

During the year the Group raised net £1.9 million by way of a share subscription. The Group also has a 
£1.5 million invoice finance facility with HSBC Bank which was not drawn down as at 31 December 2019 
(2018: £0.45 million). 

As a result of the share subscription, net current assets increased to £2.85 million at 31 December 2019 
(2018: £1.71 million). 

Brexit  

The Board has considered the possible effects of Brexit on the business, and at the current time believe 
that Brexit will not have a material impact on the operations, financial performance or future prospects of 
the Group. The principal reasons for this are the Group’s global operations, and the fact that 88.7% of the 
Group’s revenues were generated outside the EU mainland in 2019 (2018: 85.4%). However, the Board 
continues to monitor the Group’s operations in the UK and Europe in light of potential challenges arising 
from Brexit and the current political and economic uncertainties. 

COVID-19 

COVID-19 is causing general uncertainty which may affect several markets in which Symphony operates. 
These may have a disruptive impact on operations (customer or supplier disruption) or may negatively 
affect the Group’s finances (customer bad debt or ability of customer or suppliers to carry on trading). The 
Group uses multiple supply sources and continues in the main to credit insure receivables or do business 
on a letter of credit or proforma basis. So far, the effects to Group operations and finances have been 
minimal. 

The Group’s products and markets are not negatively affected by the pandemic and on the contrary could 
strengthen  as  plastics  are  integral  in  food  and  human  protection.  The  Group  has  modelled  several 
downside scenarios and the Board is comfortable that the Group’s balance sheet and working capital is 
sufficient to withstand such significant falls in revenue. 

Current trading and outlook 

- 5 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As announced on 6 April 2020, the new trading year has started strongly, with revenues for the first quarter 
ended 31 March 2020 increasing by 53% to £2.45 million compared with £1.60 million for the first quarter 
of 2019.  

The Group’s cash and cash availability as at 21 May 2020 was more than £1.0 million. The Group does 
not expect to require any additional cash in the next twelve months and the Board considers the Group to 
be in a strong financial position to enable it to maximise the opportunities available within the markets it 
is in, and with its d2w, d2p and d2c developed and developing product range. 

d2w Oxo-biodegradable plastic technology  

It is our belief that there is a strong global outlook for d2w technology underpinned by regulatory, legislative 
and market forces in many of the 70 plus markets in which we are active. In addition, and as a result of 
the current COVID-19 pandemic, we have seen several plastic bag bans either suspended or overturned. 

This is no longer just a Symphony fight, as the plastic industry are trying to avoid closure by the global 
drive to move away from plastics to other materials or nothing. Because of this, we are collaborating with 
the  industry  in  several  countries  to  avoid  a  ban  by  using  d2w  technology  which  can  help  resolve  the 
pressing issue of plastic pollution, and in particular, microplastics. 

The debate on the use of plastics might have hit an inflection point as COVID-19 brought forth fears that 
reusable shopping bags are used at  the  expense of optimal  hygienic  behaviour.  In  the United  States, 
states  including  California,  New  York,  and  Massachusetts,  which  spearheaded  the  campaign  against 
single-use plastic bags, are now pivoting towards promoting their use by either suspending or postponing 
the bans. Countries across the world have had a similar response by either suspending bans or removing 
tariffs required to buy plastic bags online. Similarly, the United Kingdom postponed its ban on the use of 
single-use plastic straws in the restaurant industry.  

With recycling efforts being stifled and most of the plastic waste ending up in landfills, oxo-biodegradable 
plastic continues to provide a timely solution to sustainable plastic consumption and a solution to the issue 
of plastic litter pollution on land and oceans. 

d2p Antimicrobial range of technologies 

Demand for plastic materials (such as PPE  and  food packaging) containing antimicrobial properties is 
also expected to increase. As announced on 6 April 2020 we have commissioned a laboratory to conduct 
antiviral tests on our d2p antimicrobial technology and anticipate that if we get a satisfactory result, this 
will significantly accelerate interest in this technology. We anticipate updating the market by the end of 
June. 

Since  the  year-end,  the  U.S.  Food  &  Drugs  Administration  (FDA)  has  approved  Symphony’s  d2p 
antibacterial technology for use in certain polyethylene film for wrapping bread.  Approval, which is not 
time limited and is effective only for Symphony, was given under the Food Contact Notification procedure. 
We are progressing this commercially despite some minor delays caused by COVID-19.  

The Group’s 25-year investment into a growing, but synergistic range of products, is well suited to today’s 
global demand for low cost technologies and products that are non-disruptive and that can help protect 
human health and the environment. It is encouraging to see new European orders recently placed for d2p 
treated gloves of more than £500,000, together with increased global enquiries for other d2p products.  

The current situation due  to COVID-19 is unprecedented and  the overall  economic impact is currently 
unknown. The Board is encouraged by the resilience shown by the Group’s systems and technologies to 
date, and the opportunities for our range of technologies. We look to the future with confidence, although 
the financial year ending 31 December  2020  cannot as yet be fully assessed.   Accordingly, the  Board 
believes it would be inappropriate to provide forward-looking financial guidance to investors and analysts 
at this time. 

M Laurier  
Chief Executive 
22 May 2020 

- 6 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report 

Principal activities, business review and future developments 

The primary business activities of the Group are the development and supply of environmental plastic 
additives and products to a global market.  

A  review  of  the  business  is  given  in  the  Chairman’s  Statement  on  pages  1-2  together  with  the  Chief 
Executive's Review on pages 4-6.  Future developments are summarised in the Outlook section of the 
Chief Executive's Review on page 5-6. 

Key performance indicators 

The Directors have monitored the progress of the overall Group strategy by reference to certain financial 
and non-financial key performance indicators. 

Key performance indicator 

2019 

2018  Method of calculation 

Revenue (£’000) 

8,225 

8,802 

Revenues for the Group. 

Gross profit margin (%)  

45.9% 

46.9% 

The ratio of gross profit to sales. 

Adjusted EBITDA 

429 

1,182 

EBITDA  adjusted 
operating performance 

to  view  underlying 

Number of distributors 

72 

72 

Number of distribution agreements   

Adjusted  EBITDA  being  EBITDA  before  R&D  and  additional  communication  and  marketing  costs  is 
calculated as follows: 

Operating (loss)/profit 
Add: 
Depreciation (non right-of-use) 
Amortisation 
R&D expenditure 
Increased  marketing,  communication 
and brand protection costs 

Adjusted EBITDA 

2019 
£’000 
(622) 
76 

17 
627 
331 

429 

2018 
£’000 
64 
81 

16 
664 
357 

1,182 

These  are  discussed  within  the  Chairman’s  Statement  and  the  Trading  Results  section  of  the  Chief 
Executive’s Review. 

Approval  

The Strategic Report was approved on behalf of the Board on 22 May 2020. 

M Laurier 
Chief Executive 
22 May 2020 

- 7 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Duties 

This statement describes how the Directors have regard to the matters set out in section 172 (1) (a) to 
(f) of the Companies Act 2006 when performing their duties. 

The Board’s main duty is to promote the Company and Group for the benefit of shareholders and 
does  this  by  developing  products  which  it  believes  will  be  commercially  successful,  and  by 
implementing routes and channels in order to maximise revenues generated by these products. The 
Board  considers  this  in  the  long-term  view  and  have  over  many  years  developed  its  networks  of 
customers and extensive product offerings.  

During  the  year  the  Board  made  certain  decisions  relating  to  the  operations  of  the  Group  and 
developments of its products. Two key decisions were: 

Expenditure was increased in relation to sales resources and lobbying activities in certain key 
markets that the Group is in. These markets were moving towards creating regulations which 
would affect the Group’s products, and as the Group already had been successful in lobby in 
area of the World which already had positive regulatory environments for the Group’s products, 
it was considered in the long-term interest of the Group to increase these targeted resources.  

Application was made for United States FDA approval for one of its d2p antimicrobial products. 
This was a complex and time-consuming exercise involving experts in the USA. This decision 
was made with long-term success in mind as a successful outcome would enable the Group to 
expand revenue in lucrative and established markets that it is already in.   

The Board is committed to a culture of openness and integrity. There is an open-door policy for all 
staff, and the executives make themselves available to all members of staff at all times. Training is 
actively encouraged. 

The Group operates an extensive distributor network with a number of distributors having been selling 
Symphony’s products for ten years or more. The Group works alongside its distributors in helping 
end-customers  with  their  packaging  solutions.  Every  three  years  the  Group  holds  distributor 
conferences and works alongside them at exhibitions held globally. The Group uses a small number 
of dedicated suppliers and works with them on many areas of product development. More widely, the 
Group and its associates are constantly engaged with governmental decision makers and associated 
organisations in order to add input to developing key packaging regulations. 

The Group’s suite of d2w, d2p and d2c products have been developed with human health and the 
environment  in  mind. The Board  believes  that  the  Group’s  technologies  enable end  users  to  fulfil 
many of their own community and environmental criteria. The Group also uses factories located as 
close to its customers as practicably possible reducing the transport carbon footprint.  

The Group is certified to ISO 9001 and ISO 14001. The Group is also on the approved lists of many 
Government regulatory authorities including SASO (Saudi Arabia) and ESMA (UAE).  

- 8 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  developing  a  comprehensive  risk  framework  and  a  system  of  internal 
controls. We have identified the following as the principal risks and uncertainties the Group faces.  

PRINCIPAL 
ACTIVITY 

PRINCIPAL 
RISK 

IMPACT 

MITIGATION 

Political and 
Regulatory 
Risk 

Negative 
government 
policy 

The Group may not be able to market 
or sell products in areas where there 
are regulations in place which favour 
other technologies or are explicitly 
negative towards the Group’s 
technologies. 

Publicity Risk  Negative 

media 
comments 

Market Risk 

Market 
competition 

The Group’s products are in a high-
profile area with a number of 
organisations competing for 
mainstream technological 
acceptance. This may lead to 
negative comments in the media who 
may prefer these other technologies 
over the Group’s. 
The Group faces competition from 
suppliers of similar products which 
could affect revenues and/or gross 
margins. 

Operational 
Risk 

Commodity 
pricing and 
availability 

The Group uses commodity and 
speciality materials in the make-up of 
its products. There is a risk of price 
volatility and material availability. 

Financial 
Risk 

Foreign 
exchange 
rate 
fluctuation 

Various Risks  COVID-19 

The Group sells products in many 
countries and generates revenues in 
US Dollars and Euros. Foreign 
exchange rates fluctuate and, as 
such, assets created in foreign 
currencies are liable to constant 
revaluations into their Sterling 
equivalent. The Group is experiencing 
higher fluctuations from the recent 
volatility in the US Dollar versus the 
Great British Pound due to the 
uncertainties currently surrounding 
Brexit. 
COVID is causing general uncertainty 
which may affect one or a number of 
markets which Symphony is in. These 
may affect operations (customer or 
supplier disruption) and financial 
(customer bad debt or ability of 
customer or suppliers to carry on 
trade trading). 

- 9 - 

The Group mitigates this 
risk by having a large and 
well-established global 
footprint and by being 
active in international 
standards committees, as 
well as liaising with 
appropriate governmental 
departments. 
The Group mitigates this 
risk with active public 
relations activities both in 
house and use of external 
resources. 

The Group mitigates this 
risk by having a large 
number of distributors 
globally who can 
concentrate on any 
competition issues within 
their market, and also by 
differentiating the Group 
and its products by 
branding and marketing 
activities. 
The Group mitigates this 
risk by using more than 
one supplier of its raw 
materials and continually 
researching separate 
supply alternatives for the 
materials used. 
The Group mitigates this 
risk by purchasing, where 
practicable, in currencies to 
match revenues. The 
Group also has foreign 
exchange forward 
contracts and other 
facilities with its bank to 
use as and when 
appropriate. 

The Group’s products and 
markets are not negatively 
affected by the crises and 
on the contrary could 
strengthen as plastics are 
integral in food and human 
protection.  
Forecasts have been 
prepared and the Group is 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
in a strong enough position 
to withstand a significant 
fall in revenue 
expectations.  
The Group uses multiple 
supply sources and 
continues in the main to 
insure receivables or trade 
on a letter of credit or 
proforma basis. 

- 10 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Board of Directors 

Michael Laurier 
Chief Executive Officer 
Appointed to the Board: 4 December 1998 
Committee Membership: None 

Background and Experience  
Michael Laurier is the Chief Executive of the Company. Michael’s career began with his long-established 
family packaging business, Brentwood Sack and Bag Co Limited. He took over responsibility for sales 
and  production  in  the  mid-seventies  and  changed  the  emphasis  of  the  company’s  business  from  jute 
products  to  polythene  packaging,  introducing  the  then  innovative  high  density  and  medium  density 
polythene bags into the UK market in 1975. He co-founded Symphony Plastics in 1995. 

Ian Bristow 
Chief Financial Officer 
Appointed to the Board: 4 December 1998 
Committee Membership: None 

Background and Experience  
Ian Bristow was in private practice for seven years, qualifying as a Chartered Certified Accountant in 1992. 
In 1994, he joined Brentapac UK Plc until it was sold in 1994. He went on to co-found Symphony in 1995 
and  has  been  Finance  Director/Chief  Financial  Officer  and  Company  Secretary  of  the  Group  since 
inception. 

Michael Stephen 
Commercial Director & Deputy Chairman 
Appointed to the Board: 3 August 2007 
Committee Membership: None 

Background and Experience  
Michael Stephen was a member of the UK Parliament from 1992 to 1997 and was a member of the Trade 
and Industry Select Committee and the Environment Select Committee of the House of Commons. He is 
Commercial Director and Deputy Chairman of the plc, and Chairman of its subsidiary companies since 
2007. He qualified as a Solicitor with Distinction in Company Law. He was called to the Bar, and practised 
from chambers in London for many years, dealing with civil cases in the High Court and Court of Appeal. 

Nicolas Clavel 
Independent Non-Executive Director and Interim Chairman 
Appointed to the Board: 16 October 2008 
Committee Membership: Audit (Chairman), Remuneration 

Background and Experience  
Nicolas Clavel started his career in international banking in the mid-seventies and his area of expertise 
has been structured trade finance and equity investments with a particular focus on Emerging Markets. 
He  is  Chief  Investment  Officer  of  Scipion  Capital  Ltd,  (the  Investment  Manager  of  Scipion  African 
Opportunities Fund SPC). Nicolas is Swiss, and is based in London and Geneva. 

Shaun Robinson 
Non-Executive Director 
Appointed to the Board: 19 December 2014 
Committee Membership: Audit, Remuneration (Chairman) 

Background and Experience  
Shaun  Robinson  has  over  25  years’  corporate  finance,  restructuring  and  active  asset  management 
experience and is a Chartered Certified Accountant. Shaun specialises in business development, M&A 
and tax/corporate structuring and management oversight. 

Robert (Bob) Wigley 
Independent Non-Executive Director 
Appointed to the Board: 6 April 2018 
Committee Membership: None 

Background and Experience  
Bob is Chairman of UK Finance, Secure Broadcast Ltd, Vesta Global Holdings Ltd and Bink Ltd. He is 
Non-Executive  Director  of  the  Qatar  Finance  Centre  Authority.  From  2004-2009  he  was  Chairman  of 

- 11 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Merrill Lynch EMEA. He is a former member of the Court of the Bank of England and a former NED of 
Royal Mail Group. In 2009 he chaired the Green Investment Bank Commission for the then Chancellor of 
the Exchequer. He is an Honorary Fellow of Judge Business School, Cambridge University and a Visiting 
Fellow of Oxford University’s Saïd Business School. 

- 12 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman’s Corporate Governance Statement 

Dear Shareholder 

As  Interim  Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  Symphony  Environmental  Technologies  plc 
(“Symphony”,  the  “Company”,  or,  together  with  the  subsidiary  companies,  the  “Group”),  it  is  my 
responsibility to ensure that Symphony has both sound corporate governance and an effective Board. As 
Chairman, my responsibilities include leading the Board effectively, overseeing the Company’s corporate 
governance model, and ensuring that information flows freely between Executives and Non-Executives in 
a timely manner. 

It is the Board’s job to ensure that Symphony is managed for the long-term benefit of all shareholders, 
with  effective  and  efficient  decision-making.  Corporate  governance  is  an  important  part  of  that  role, 
reducing risk and adding value to our business. Our role as a Board is to create the conditions in which a 
resilient and successful business can continue to grow. Annually we review and determine our strategy 
and business model and then continuously monitor how management is implementing those plans. We 
review  performance  to  ensure  those  plans  remain  on track  or  else  are  modified  to  take  account 
of unforeseen circumstances. 

The  Directors  of  Symphony  recognise  the  value  of  good  corporate  governance  in  every  part  of  its 
business. As Symphony is an AIM listed company, it is required have adopted a recognised corporate 
governance code and disclose how it complies with that code and, to the extent Symphony departs from 
the corporate governance provisions outlined by that code, it must explain its reasons for doing so. The 
Directors  continue  to  adopt  the  Quoted  Companies  Alliance  Corporate  Governance  Code  (the  “QCA 
Code”), which we believe is the most appropriate for a company of the size and stage of development of 
Symphony. The Board considers that compliance with the QCA Code enables us to serve the interests of 
all our key stakeholders, including our shareholders, and will promote the maintenance and creation of 
long-term value in the Company. This report describes our approach to governance, including information 
on relevant policies, practices and the operation of the Board and its Committees. Additional detail is also 
provided in the corporate governance statement on our website. 

The Board considers that Symphony complies with the QCA Code so far as is practicable, having regard 
to the Group’s current stage of evolution. A statement detailing both how the Company complies with the 
QCA Code, and areas of non-compliance, is outlined below.  

QCA Principles: 

1.  Establish a strategy and business model which promotes long-term value for 

shareholders  

The  primary  business  activity  of  Symphony  is  the  development  and  supply  of  environmental  plastic 
additives and products to a global market. The Board has concluded that the highest medium and long-
term value which can be delivered to its shareholders through the Group’s strategy of driving sales of its 
d2w range of products through its network of distributors. In addition, the Board is focused on increasing 
revenues generated by its d2p (designed to protect) range of products and technologies. 

The Board intends to deliver shareholder returns through capital appreciation. Challenges to delivering 
strategy  and  long-term  goals  are  governmental  policy  (both  preventative  and  adoptive),  market 
competition,  foreign  exchange  risks  and  raw  material  price  volatility  and  availability,  all  of  which  are 
outlined in Principle Risks and Uncertainties on pages 9-10, as well as steps the Board takes to protect 
the Group, mitigate these risks and secure a long-term future for the Group.  

2.  Seek to understand and meet shareholder needs and expectations 

Symphony places a great deal of importance on communication with its stakeholders and is committed to 
establishing  constructive  relationships  with  investors  and  potential  investors  in  order  to  assist  it  in 
developing an understanding of the views of its shareholders. Beyond the Annual General Meeting, the 
Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and, where appropriate, other members of 
the senior management team meet regularly with investors and analysts to provide them with updates on 
the Group’s business and to obtain feedback regarding the market’s expectations of the Group. 

The Group’s investor relations activities encompass dialogue with both institutional and private investors. 
In addition, the Company communicates with its shareholders through its website, RNS and RNS Reach 
announcements, investor  relations web interviews,  investor shows, and the Company’s  Annual Report 
and Accounts. 

The  Annual  General  Meeting  of  the  Company,  normally  attended  by  all  the  Directors,  provides  the 

- 13 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Directors the opportunity to report to shareholders on current and proposed operations, and enables the 
shareholders to express their views of the Group’s business activities. Shareholders are invited to ask 
questions during the meeting and to meet with Directors after the formal proceedings have ended. The 
CEO is considered the key contact for shareholder liaison. 

Information  on  the  Corporate  Information  section  of  the  Group’s  Information  on  the  website, 
www.symphonyenvironmental.com/corporate-information, is kept updated and contains details of relevant 
financial reports, presentations and other key information. 

3.  Take into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications for 

long-term success 

Symphony  recognises  that  the  Group’s  long-term  future  depends  on  environmental  and  social 
performance.  Excellence  in  operational  performance  generates  financial  returns,  however,  enduring 
sustainable growth depends on being a responsible global citizen and earning the continued support of 
our customers, shareholders, communities and staff. 

All  of  Symphony’s  stakeholders  are  encouraged  to  provide  feedback  to  the  Company  by  emailing 
info@d2w.net. The Company is open to receiving feedback from key stakeholders, and will take action 
where appropriate. 

The  Board  recognises  its  responsibility  to  manage  a  business  whilst  acknowledging  the  Group’s 
responsibility for  the environment and helping  its  customers make the  most  environmentally-beneficial 
purchasing decisions. As the whole concept of Symphony is built around sustainability and commitment 
to the environment, we are constantly searching for ways to continue to protect the natural and human 
world. The Group’s strategy is focused on providing environmentally-friendly plastic solutions, as well as 
plastic solutions which augment healthcare, food preservation and other human protection requirements, 
demonstrating  the  Group’s  commitment  to  Corporate  Social  Responsibility.  Furthermore,  Symphony 
Environmental Limited (the Company’s trading subsidiary) is BSI certified to ISO 9001 and 14001. The 
Group also has an Environmental Policy in place and its d2w products have an Eco-label awarded by 
ABNT, the Brazilian standards agency. 

All  employees  within  the  Group  are  valued  members  of  the  team,  and  the  Board  seeks  to  implement 
provisions  to  retain  and  incentivise  its  employees.  The  Group  offers  equal  opportunities  regardless  of 
race,  gender,  gender  identity  or  reassignment,  age,  disability,  religion  or  sexual  orientation.  The 
Company’s Executive Directors regularly meet managers to discuss staff comments, progress and well-
being, and employees are also encouraged to engage directly with Directors. This allows the Board to 
obtain feedback from employees. Symphony has Anti-Corruption and Health and Safety policies in place. 

Further information in relation to the Company’s corporate social responsibility and copies of the above-
stated policies can be found on the Company’s website   www.symphonyenvironmental.com/corporate-
information. 

4.  Embed  effective  risk  management,  considering  both  opportunities  and  threats, 

throughout the organisation 

The Board recognises the need for an effective and well-defined risk management process and it oversees 
and regularly reviews the current risk management and internal control mechanisms. The Company’s key 
risks can be found in Principal Risks and Uncertainties on pages 9-10. 

The Board has overall responsibility for identifying, monitoring and reviewing the Company’s risks, and 
assessing the systems of external control for effectiveness. They are also responsible for updating and 
maintaining the Company’s risk register, which evaluates the impact of identified risks, as well as their 
mitigations.  The  Executive  Directors  report  any  new  or  changed  risks,  and  any  changes  in  risk 
management/control to the Board. The Board discusses all business matters having regard to the risk for 
the Group and to the extent that risks inherent in a particular activity are considered significant, appropriate 
action is taken and steps taken to mitigate the issue. 

The Board is satisfied that the procedures in place meet the particular needs of the Group in managing 
the risks to which it is exposed. The Board is satisfied with the  effectiveness  of the system of internal 
controls,  but  by  their  very  nature,  these  procedures  can  provide  reasonable,  not  absolute,  assurance 
against material misstatement or loss. The Board has delegated responsibility to the Audit Committee for 
ensuring that the Company’s management has designed and implemented an effective system of internal 
financial controls and for reviewing, monitoring and reporting on the integrity of the consolidated financial 
statements of the Company and related financial information. The Audit Committee will maintain effective 
working relationships with the Board of Directors, executive management, and the external auditors and 
will monitor the independence and effectiveness of the auditors and the audit.  

- 14 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Board has reviewed the need for an internal audit function and has decided that, given the nature of 
the Group’s business and assets and the overall size of the Group, the systems and procedures currently 
employed  provide  sufficient  assurance  that  a  sound  system  of  internal  controls  are  in  place,  which 
safeguards the shareholders’ investment and the Group’s assets. An internal audit function is therefore 
considered unnecessary. However, the Board will continue to monitor the need for this function. 

5.  Maintain the Board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the Chair 

The Board comprises three Executive Directors, Michael Laurier, Ian Bristow and Michael Stephen, and 
three  Non-Executive  Directors,  Shaun  Robinson,  Nicolas  Clavel  and  Robert  Wigley.  Nicolas  Clavel  is 
currently  the  Company’s  Interim  Chairman.  Nicolas  Clavel  and  Robert  Wigley  are  each  regarded  as 
Independent Directors by the Board notwithstanding that they hold a small number of shares and also 
hold options over Ordinary Shares. The Board considers that both Nicolas Clavel and Robert Wigley have 
demonstrated the utmost regard for independence, appropriately challenging the Board and maintaining 
high  standards  of  corporate  governance  on  the  Board.  Neither  Nicolas  nor  Robert  represent  any 
shareholder on the Board and both have a background in finance within regulated industries. Accordingly, 
the Board believes that both Nicolas and Robert exercise independent judgement in all matters relating 
to the Group. 

Shaun Robinson has an interest in Somerston Environmental Technologies Limited, which has a holding 
in excess of 20% in the Group. For this reason he is not considered independent as required by the QCA 
Code. Shaun Robinson adds value with extensive knowledge of corporate, finance and public affairs. The 
Board is satisfied it has a suitable balance between independence on the one hand, and knowledge of 
the Company on the other. Biographies for each of the Directors are outlined on pages 11-12. 

Board meetings are open and constructive, with every Director participating fully. Senior management are 
also invited to meetings when required, providing the Board with a thorough overview of the Group. The 
Board  aims  to  meet  at  least  four  times  in  the  year  and,  together  with  the  Audit  and  Remuneration 
Committees, deals with all important aspects of the Group’s affairs. The Committees have the necessary 
skills and knowledge to discharge their duties effectively. The Group considers that, at this stage of its 
development and given the current size of its Board, it is not necessary to establish a formal Nominations 
Committee. Instead, appointments to the Board are made by the Board as a whole. This position, however, 
is reviewed on a regular basis by the Board. 

Attendance at Board and Committee Meetings for 2019 is shown below. 

Director 

Position 

Board Meetings 
attended in 
2019 

Audit 
Committee 
meetings 

Remuneration 
Committee 
meetings 

Michael Laurier 

Chief Executive Officer 

Ian Bristow 

Chief Financial Officer 

Michael Stephen 

Commercial Director & 
Deputy Chairman 

Nicholas Clavel 

Shaun Robinson 

Non-Executive Director 
& Interim Chairman 
Non-Executive Director 

Robert Wigley 

Non-Executive Director  

Nirj Deva 
(resigned 7 
November 2019)  

Ex Non-Executive 
Chairman 

4/4 

4/4 

3/4 

4/4 

4/4 

4/4 

3/3 

2/2 

2/2 

1/2 

2/2 

1/2 

In order to be efficient, the Directors meet formally and informally both in person and by telephone. The 
Board receives timely information in a form and of a quality appropriate to enable it to discharge its duties. 
Board  papers  are  circulated  by  email  with  sufficient  time  before  meetings,  allowing  time  for  full 
consideration and necessary clarifications before the meetings. Board papers are compiled into a board 
pack for the meetings themselves. 

All Directors of the Board have sufficient time, availability, skills and expertise to perform their roles and 
this is regularly reviewed by the Board. The Non-Executive Directors devote such time as is necessary 

- 15 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
for  the proper  performance  of  their  duties  and  attend  all Board  meetings,  unless  prior  good  reason  is 
provided in advance. 

The  Company  has  two  Committees,  an  Audit  Committee  and  a  Remuneration  Committee.  The 
Committees have the necessary skills and knowledge to discharge their duties effectively. As with Board 
papers, Committee papers are drafted and circulated to members of the Committee with sufficient time 
before the meeting.  

The Company has effective procedures in place to monitor and deal with conflicts of interest. The Board 
is aware of the other commitments and interests of its Directors, and changes to these commitments and 
interests are reported to and, where appropriate, agreed with the rest of the Board. 

6.  Ensure  that  between  them  the  Directors  have  the  necessary  up-to-date 

experience, skills and capabilities 

The Company believes that the current balance of skills in the Board as a whole reflects a very broad 
range of personal, commercial and professional skills. The Directors’ varied backgrounds and experience 
give Symphony a good mix of the knowledge and expertise necessary to manage the business effectively. 

Ian Bristow is Symphony’s Company Secretary and is responsible for ensuring that Board procedures are 
followed and that the Company complies with all applicable rules, regulations and obligations governing 
its operation, as well as helping the Chairman maintain standards of corporate governance.  

There are processes in place enabling Directors to take independent advice at the Company’s expense 
in the furtherance of their duties, and to have access to the advice and services of the Company Secretary. 

In order to keep Director skillsets up to date, the Board uses third parties to advise the Directors of their 
responsibilities as a Director of an AIM company, which includes receiving advice from the Company’s 
nominated adviser and external lawyers. The Board encourages Directors to receive training on relevant 
developments  if  required.  The  Board  reviews  the  appropriateness  and  opportunity  for  continuing 
professional development in order to keep each Director’s skillset up-to-date. 

The Board will seek to take into account any Board imbalances for future nominations. The Company is 
committed to a culture of equal opportunities for all employees regardless of gender. The Board aims to 
be diverse in terms of its range of culture, nationality and international experience. All six Board members 
are  currently  male.  If  it  is  agreed  to  expand  the  Board,  the  Board  will,  subject  to  identifying  suitable 
candidates,  look  to  fill  at  least  one  of  the  vacancies  with  a  female  Director.  The  current  position  as 
Chairman is an interim measure and the Board will seek a suitable permeant Chairman when appropriate. 

If  required,  the  Directors  are  entitled to  take independent  legal  advice  and  if  the  Board  is  informed  in 
advance, the cost of the advice will be reimbursed by the Company. In addition to their general Board 
responsibilities,  Non-Executive  Directors  are  encouraged  to  be  involved  in  specific  workshops  or 
meetings,  in  line  with  their  individual  areas  of  expertise.  The  Board  shall  review  annually  the 
appropriateness and opportunity for continuing professional development, whether formal or informal.  

7.  Evaluate Board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking 

continuous improvement 

The structure of the Board is subject to continual review to ensure that it is appropriate for the Company. 
The Board currently runs a self-evaluation process on Board effectiveness. It is intended that the Board 
will create a more formal Board evaluation process in the future, which will focus more closely on defined 
objectives and targets for improving performance. 

In Board meetings/calls, the Directors discuss areas where they feel a change would be beneficial for the 
Group taking appropriate advice when required. 

The  Company  has  not  yet  adopted  a  policy  on  succession  planning,  in  particular  with  regard  to  the 
Company’s Chief Executive, Michael Laurier. The Chief Executive is however required to give one months’ 
notice under his contract of employment if he wishes to leave the Company. The Board is considering 
succession planning as part of its regular review of Board effectiveness and will implement a policy at the 
appropriate time. 

The Board is committed to undertaking reviews of Board and Committee performance and of individual 
Board  members  which  will  be  carried  out  regularly  as  part  of  a  board  performance  evaluation  and  in 
particular that:  

- 16 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
- their contribution is relevant and effective;  
- that they are committed; and 
- where relevant, they have maintained their independence.  

8.  Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviour 

The Board recognises that its decisions regarding strategy and risk will impact the corporate culture of the 
Group as a whole and that this will impact performance. The Board is aware that the tone and culture set 
by the Board will greatly impact all aspects of the Group as a whole and the way that employees behave. 
The corporate governance  arrangements that the Board  has  adopted are designed to  ensure  that  the 
Group delivers long term value to its shareholders, and that shareholders have the opportunity to express 
their views and expectations for the Group in a manner that encourages open dialogue with the Board. 

A large part of the Group’s activities are centred upon an open and respectful dialogue with employees, 
customers  and  other  community  and  environmental  stakeholders.  Therefore,  the  importance  of  sound 
ethical  values and behaviour  is crucial to the ability of the Group  to successfully achieve its corporate 
objectives and successfully promote its eco-friendly products. The Board places great importance on this 
aspect of corporate life and seeks to ensure that this flows through all that the Group does. 

The Directors consider that at present the Group has an open culture facilitating comprehensive dialogue 
and feedback and enabling positive and constructive challenge. The Executive Directors regularly meet 
managers and discuss staff well-being, development and staff feedback. Employees are encouraged to 
engage directly with Directors, and the Group seeks to promote Group values and behaviour through a 
top-down approach. Symphony also has an employee handbook. 

Furthermore,  Symphony  has  a  number  of  policies  in  place  aimed  to  protect  its  staff,  such  as  Anti-
corruption  and  Health  and  Safety,  as  well  as  an  Environmental  Policy.  The  Environmental  Policy  is 
focused on supplying the most environmentally beneficial products to its customers, and to purchase and 
sell  products  which  can  be  re-used,  recycled  and  will  biodegrade,  demonstrating  the  Company’s 
commitment to its corporate social responsibility. As stated above, Symphony’s trading subsidiary is also 
BSI certified to ISO 9001 and 14001. 

The Company has adopted a Share Dealing Policy which is intended to assist the Company and its staff 
in complying with their obligations under the Market Abuse Regulation (“MAR”) which came into effect in 
2016. The Policy addresses the securities dealing restrictions set out in MAR and reflects the requirements 
set out in the AIM Rules. 

9.  Maintain governance structures and processes that are fit for purpose and 

support good decision-making by the Board 

The Board is committed to, and ultimately responsible for, high standards of corporate governance, and 
has chosen to adopt the QCA Code. The Board reviews its corporate governance arrangements regularly 
and expects them to evolve these over time, in line with the growth of the Group. The Board delegates 
responsibilities to certain Committees and individuals as it sees fit. 

The Chairman’s principal responsibilities are to ensure that the Company and its Board are acting in the 
best interests of shareholders, and leadership of the Board is undertaken in a manner which ensures that 
the  Board  retains  its  integrity  and  effectiveness,  with  the  right  Board  dynamic  and  ensuring  that  all 
important  matters,  in  particular  strategic  decisions,  receive  adequate  time  and  attention  at  Board 
meetings. 

The  CEO  has,  through  powers  delegated  by  the  Board,  the  responsibility  for  leadership  of  the 
management  team  in  the  execution  of  the  Group’s  corporate  strategies  and  for  the  day-to-day 
management of the business. The CEO can be assisted in his duties by the other Executive Directors. 
The CEO for Symphony is also the principle contact for liaison with shareholders and, together with the 
CFO, all other stakeholders. 

The  Non-Executives  Directors  are  tasked  with  constructively  challenging  the  decisions  of  executive 
management  and  satisfying  themselves  that  the  systems  of  business  risk  management  and  internal 
financial  controls  are  robust.  The  Executive  Directors  seek  regular  counsel  from  the  Non-Executive 
Directors outside of Board meetings. 

Whilst  the  Board  has  not  formally  adopted  appropriate  delegations  of  authority  setting  out  matters 
reserved  to  the  Board,  there  is  effectively  no  decision  of  any  consequence  made  other  than  by  the 
Directors. All Directors participate in the key areas of decision-making, including the following matters: 

- 17 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
oversee the Group’s strategic objectives and policies; 
review of performance and controls; 
oversee all aspects of the Company’s finances; 
decide on key business transactions; 

• 
• 
• 
• 
•  manage risk; and 
•  manage the interests of all stakeholder groups. 

The  Board  delegates  authority  to  two  Committees  to  assist  in  meeting  its  business  objectives  whilst 
ensuring a sound system of internal control and risk management. The Committees meet independently 
of Board meetings. The committees are currently being reviewed in relation to the number of independent 
members. 

Audit Committee 

The Audit Committee Report is on page 24. 

Committee members and attendance  

The Audit Committee currently comprises Nicolas Clavel (Chair) and Shaun Robinson. The Board is in 
the process of reviewing the members as Nicolas Clavel is currently also Interim Chairman of the Board. 

The Board  considers  that  Nicolas Clavel  has  sufficient  relevant financial  experience  to chair the  Audit 
Committee  given  that  he  has  over  30  years’  experience  in  financial  services  and  is  Chief  Investment 
Officer of Scipion Capital Limited. Shaun Robinson is a Chartered Certified Accountant. 

The  Committee  is  required  by  its  terms  of  reference  to  meet  at  least  twice  a  year.  The  Committee 
Chairman may invite other Directors or executives of the Company and any external advisors to attend all 
or part of any meetings as and when deemed appropriate. 

Objectives and responsibilities  

The Committee is responsible for monitoring the integrity of the Group’s financial statements, including its 
Annual and  Interim Reports, preliminary results  announcements  and any other formal announcements 
relating to its financial performance prior to release.  

The Committee’s main responsibilities can be summarised as follows:  

• 
• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

to review the Group’s internal financial controls and risk management systems;  
to monitor the integrity of the financial statements and any formal announcements relating to the 
Group’s financial performance, reviewing significant judgements contained in them;  
to make recommendations to the Board in relation to the appointment of the external auditors 
and to recommend to the Board the approval of the remuneration and terms of engagement of 
the external auditors;  
to  review  and  monitor  the  external  auditors’  independence  and  objectivity,  taking  into 
consideration relevant UK professional and regulatory requirements;  
to develop and implement policy on the engagement of the external auditors to supply non-audit 
services,  taking  into  account  relevant  ethical  guidance  regarding  the  provision  of  non-audit 
services by the external auditors; and  
to  report  to  the  Board,  identifying  any  matters  in  respect  of  which  it  considers  that  action  or 
improvement is needed, and to make recommendations as to steps to be taken.  

Remuneration Committee 

The Remuneration Committee Report is on pages 25-26.  

Committee members and attendance 

Symphony’s Remuneration Committee currently comprises Shaun Robinson (chair) and Nicolas Clavel. 
The Board considers that Shaun Robinson has sufficient relevant experience to chair the Remuneration 
Committee,  given  that  he  is  a  Chartered  Certified  Accountant,  with  over  25  years’  experience  in  the 
financial operation and management oversight of a number of businesses. The Board is in the process of 
reviewing the members as Nicolas Clavel is currently also Interim Chairman of the Board. 

- 18 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Committee is required by its terms of reference to meet at least once a year. The Committee Chairman 
may invite other Directors or executives of the Company and any external advisors to attend all or part of 
any meetings as and when deemed appropriate. 

Objectives and responsibilities 

The Remuneration Committee’s main responsibilities can be summarised as follows: 

•  To determine the framework or broad policy for the remuneration of the Executive Directors, and 
such other senior executives as it is requested by the Board to consider. The remuneration of 
the  Non-Executive  Directors  shall  be  a  matter  for  the  executive  members  of  the  Board.  No 
Director shall be involved in any decisions as to their own remuneration; 

•  To determine such remuneration policy, taking into account all factors which it deems necessary 

(including relevant legal and regulatory requirements); 

•  To review the ongoing appropriateness and relevance of the remuneration policy, including policy 

comparisons with market competitors; 

•  To  design  and  determine  targets  for  any  performance  related  pay  schemes  operated  by  the 

Company and approving the total annual payments made under such schemes; 

•  To review the design of, and any changes to, all share incentive plans; 
•  To advise on any major changes in employee benefits structures throughout the Company or 

Group; and 

•  To consider any matter specifically referred to the Committee by the Board. 

Terms of reference for the Audit and Remuneration Committees are available at: 
https://www.symphonyenvironmental.com/corporate-information/corporate-governance 

Nomination Committee 

The Group considers that, at this stage of its development and given the current size of its Board, it is not 
necessary to establish a formal Nominations Committee. Instead, appointments to the Board are made 
by the Board as a whole. This position however, is reviewed on a regular basis by the Board. 

The Chair and the Board continue to monitor and evolve the Company’s corporate governance structures 
and  processes,  and  maintain  that  these  will  evolve  over  time,  in  line  with  the  Company’s  growth  and 
development. 

10.  Communicate how the company is governed and is performing by maintaining a 

dialogue with shareholders and other relevant stakeholders 

The Board is committed to maintaining effective communication and having a constructive dialogue with 
its shareholders, other relevant stakeholders and prospective investors. The Company intends to have 
ongoing  relationships  with  both  its  private  and  institutional  shareholders  (through  meetings  and 
presentations) as well with analysts, and for them to have the opportunity to discuss issues and provide 
feedback at meetings with the Directors. 

In addition, all shareholders are encouraged to attend the Company’s Annual General Meetings. All 2019 
AGM resolutions were passed comfortably. The Board already discloses the result of general meetings 
by way of an announcement, which discloses the proxy voting numbers to those attending the meetings. 
The Company has not historically announced the detailed results of shareholder voting to the market but 
it intends to do so for future General Meetings. The Board intends that, if there is a resolution passed at 
a General Meeting with 20% or more votes against, the Company will seek to understand the reason for 
the result and, where appropriate, take suitable action. 

The Corporate Information section of the Group’s website, www.symphonyenvironmental.com/corporate-
information  is  kept  updated  and  contains  details  of  relevant  financial  reports,  corporate  videos/ 
presentations and other key information.  

N Clavel  
Interim Chairman 
22 May 2020 

- 19 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
Directors’ Report  

The Directors present their report and the audited annual report and accounts of the Group for the year 
ended 31 December 2019.  

Principal activity 

Symphony  Environmental  Technologies  plc  is  a  public  limited  company  incorporated  in  England  and 
Wales, registered number 03676824, with registered office at 6 Elstree Gate, Elstree Way, Borehamwood, 
Hertfordshire, WD6 1JD. The Company is quoted on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange. 

The principal activity of the Group is the development and supply of environmental plastic additives and 
products to a global market.  

Review of business and future developments 

The Strategic Report on page 7 provides a review of the business, the Group’s trading for the year ended 
31 December 2019, key performance indicators, and an indication of future prospects and developments. 
The principal risks and uncertainties facing the business and on pages 9-10. The Directors as referred to 
in these annual report and accounts are the directors of Symphony Environmental Technologies plc only. 

Results and dividends 

The trading results for the year and the Group's financial position at the end of the year are shown in the 
attached annual report and accounts. 

The loss for the year after taxation amounted to £660,000 (2018: profit £48,000). 

The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend (2018: £nil). 

The  results  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2019  are  set  out  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 
comprehensive income on page 33.  

Directors  

The Directors who served during the year ended 31 December 2019 and up to the date of signing the 
financial statements were as follows: 

N Clavel – Non-Executive Director & Interim Chairman 
M Laurier – Chief Executive Officer  
I Bristow FCCA – Chief Financial Officer 
M Stephen – Commercial Director & Deputy Chairman  
S Robinson – Non-Executive Director  
R Wigley – Non-Executive Director  
N Deva DL, FRSA (resigned 7 November 2019) 

In accordance with the Articles of Association, one third of the Directors must retire from office at each 
AGM after the AGM or general meeting, as the case may be, at which he was appointed or last re-
appointed. 

Directors’ interests 

The Directors in office at the end of the year, together with their beneficial interests in the shares of the 
Company, were as follows: 

Ordinary Shares of £0.01 each 

M Laurier 
I Bristow  
M Stephen 
N Clavel 
S Robinson 
R Wigley 

At 31 December 
2019 

At 1January 
2019 

23,424,510 
1,163,925 
1,352,176 
550,000 
11,513,546 
200,000 

23,424,510 
1,163,925 
1,352,176 
550,000 
11,513,546 
200,000 

- 20 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Details of the Directors’ interests in options granted under the Group’s share scheme are set out in the 
Remuneration Committee Report on page 26.  

Financial risk management policies and objectives 

The Group’s financial risk management policies are detailed in note 22 to the annual report and accounts. 

A summary of the Group’s key operating risks is set out on pages 9-10. The Group’s risk management 
policies and objectives including exposure to liquidity risk, interest rate risk, currency risk, and credit risk, 
are contained in note 22 to the annual report and accounts. 

Share capital  

Full details of changes in the Company’s share capital during the year and after the year end are set out 
in note 17 to the annual report and accounts. Details of employee share options and warrants are also set 
out in note 17. 

Significant shareholdings  

The significant shareholders in the Company (holding shares in excess of 3%) as at 31 December 2019 
are as follows: 

Shareholder 

Somerston Capital 

M Laurier 

Vincel Investments 

S Robinson* 

% total shareholding  

19.83% 

13.78% 

9.09% 

6.77% 

* Including S Robinson’s interests in Somerston Environmental Technologies Limited shareholding  

Political donations  

During the year ended 31 December 2019 the Group made no political donations (2018: £nil).  

Going concern 

On the basis of current financial projections and available funds and facilities, the Directors are satisfied 
that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence  for the  foreseeable future 
and, accordingly, continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the Group and Company financial 
statements. The operating loss for the year of £0.62 million was more than mitigated by the £1.9 million 
share subscription received during the year. The net current assets of the business therefore increased 
to £2.85 million from  £1.71 million in 2018. Forecasts have been underpinned by Q1 2020 revenues of 
£2.45 million (2019 Q1: £1.60m). 

The COVID-19 crises has so far had little impact on the Group with some minor cashflow and order delays 
in certain territories with the main markets continuing generally as expected. The Group’s products and 
markets are not negatively affected by the crises and on the contrary could strengthen as plastics are 
integral in food and human protection.  

Post balance sheet events 

Following the year end, the Group has seen uncertainty that has come with the global outbreak of the 
coronavirus, albeit the pandemic has so far had little negative impact on the Group. As this uncertainty 
emerged  only  after  the  year  end,  the  Directors’  view  is  that  any  significant  impacts  or  changes  are 
considered to be a non-adjusting event in relation to these accounts. 

The Directors are, and will continue to monitor the impacts of the current coronavirus results on the Group 
and Company, but as at the date of signing the accounts, do not believe there have been any significant 
impacts that require disclosure. 

- 21 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Information received by the Board 

The  Board  receives  information  on  a  regular  basis  enabling  it  to  review  operational  and  financial 
performance (including sales activity, and working capital management); forecasts (including comparison 
with market expectations); potentially significant transactions and strategy. 

Website 

Our  corporate  website  at  www.symphonyenvironmental.com/corporate-information/company-reports-
and-general-meetings  provides  access  to  Company  information,  public  announcements,  published 
financial reports and contact details. 

Directors’ indemnification and insurance 

The  company’s  articles  of  association  provide  for  the  directors  and  officers  of  the  company  to  be 
appropriately indemnified, subject to the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. The company purchases 
and  maintains  insurance  for  the  directors  and  officers  of  the  company  in  performing  their  duties,  as 
permitted by section 233 of the Companies Act 2006.  

Auditor  

Mazars LLP has expressed its willingness to continue in office as auditor to the Company. A resolution to 
reappoint Mazars LLP will be proposed at the forthcoming AGM.  

Provision of information to the auditors  

Each of the Directors who held office at the date of approval of this Directors’ Report confirms that:  

• 

• 

so far as he is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company’s and Group’s 
auditor is unaware; and  
he has taken all the steps he ought to have taken as a Director in order to make himself aware 
of any information needed by the Company and the Group’s auditors in connection with their 
report and to establish that the auditors are aware of that information.  

AGM  

The AGM will be held on 26 June 2020. The notice of AGM and the ordinary and special resolutions to be 
put to the meeting will be notified to shareholders separately from these accounts.  

Approval  

The Directors’ report was approved on behalf of the Board on 22 May 2020. 

M Laurier 
Chief Executive 
22 May 2020 

- 22 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Responsibilities Statement 

The Directors  are  responsible  for preparing  the  Annual  Report  and  the  Group  and Company  financial 
statements in accordance with applicable UK law and those IFRSs as adopted by the European Union.  

Under Company law the Directors must not approve the Group and Company financial statements unless 
they are satisfied that they present fairly the financial position, financial performance, and cash flows of 
the Group and Company for that period. In preparing those financial statements, the Directors are required 
to:  

•  Select  suitable  accounting  policies  for  the  group’s  financial  statements  and  apply  them 

consistently;  

•  Prepare  the  financial  statements  on  the  going  concern  basis  unless  it  is  inappropriate  to 

presume that the Group will continue in business; 

•  Present information, including accounting policies, in a manner that provides relevant, reliable, 

comparable and understandable information;  

•  Provide  additional  disclosures  when  compliance  with  the  specific  requirements  in  IRFSs  is 
insufficient to enable users to understand the impact of particular transactions, other events and 
conditions on the Group’s financial position and financial performance;  

•  State  that  the  Group  and  the  Company  have  complied  with  IFRSs  subject  to  any  material 

departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and  

•  Make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent.  

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and 
explain the Group’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position 
of the Company and the Group and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the 
Companies Act 2006 and Article 4 of the IAS regulation. They are also responsible for safeguarding the 
assets  of  the  Company  and  the  Group  and  hence  for  taking  reasonable  steps  for  the  prevention  and 
detection of fraud and other irregularities.  

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the Company’s website. Legislation in 
the UK may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.  

Each of the active Directors, whose names are listed in the Directors’ Report above, confirms that, to the 
best of his knowledge:  

• 

• 

• 

The  Group  financial  statements  which  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  IFRSs  as 
adopted by the EU, give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit 
of the Group.  
The Strategic Report includes a fair review of the development and performance of the business 
and the position of the Group and the Company, together with a description of the principal risks 
and uncertainties that it faces.  
The Directors consider that the Annual Report and Accounts, taken as a whole is fair, balanced 
and understandable.  

This responsibility statement was approved by the Board on 22 May 2020.  

N Clavel 
Interim Chairman 
22 May 2020 

- 23 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Audit Committee Report 

Dear Shareholder  

As  the  Chairman  of  Symphony’s  Audit  Committee,  I  present  my  Audit  Committee  Report  for  the  year 
ended 31 December 2019, which has been prepared by the Committee and approved by the Board.  

The  Committee  is  responsible  for  reviewing  and  reporting  to  the  Board  on  financial  reporting,  internal 
control and risk management, and for reviewing the performance, independence and effectiveness of the 
external auditors in carrying out the statutory audit. The Committee advises the Board on the statement 
by  the  Directors  that  the  Annual  Report  and  Accounts  when  read  as  a  whole  is  fair,  balanced  and 
understandable,  and  provides  the  information  necessary  for  shareholders  to  assess  the  Group’s 
performance, business model and strategy.  

During the year, the Committee’s primary activity involved meeting with the external auditors, considering 
material issues and areas of judgement, and reviewing and approving the interim and year end results 
and accounts.  

In addition, the Committee reviewed the audit and taxation services provided by Mazars LLP, the Group’s 
external auditors. The Committee concluded that Mazars LLP are delivering the necessary audit scrutiny 
and that the  taxation  services  provided did  not pose  a threat  to  their objectivity and independence.  In 
future, and in accordance with current guidance, taxation services will be obtained from firms independent 
to the Company’s auditor.  

Accordingly, the Committee recommended to the Board that Mazars LLP be re-appointed for the next 
financial year.  

During 2019, the Committee:  

•  met with  the  external  auditors  to  review and  approve the annual  audit  plan  and  receive  their 

findings and report on the annual audit;  
considered significant issues and areas of judgement with the potential to have a material impact 
on the financial statements;  
considered  the integrity of the published financial  information and whether  the Annual Report 
and  Accounts  taken  as  a  whole  are  fair,  balanced  and  understandable  and  provide  the 
information  necessary  to  assess  the  Group’s  position  and  performance,  business  model  and 
strategy; and  
reviewed and approved the interim and year end results.   

• 

• 

• 

In addition to the Committee’s ongoing duties, the Committee has and will continue to:  

• 

• 

consider significant issues and areas of judgement with the potential to have a material impact 
on the financial statements; and 
keep  the  need  for  an  internal  audit  function  under  review,  having  regard  to  the  Company’s 
strategy and resources.  

Significant issues considered for the year ending 31 December 2019  

IFRS 16 “Leases” 

The Committee considered the impact of IFRS 16 “Leases” which was adopted for the first time from 1 
January 2019. The impact of IFRS 16 was significant to certain balance sheet disclosures but not to the 
Group’s reported loss for the period. 

Revenue recognition and cut-off 

The Committee considered revenue recognition and in particular the revenue cut-off over the year-end 
and was satisfied that IFRS 15 was correctly applied. 

Audit Committee effectiveness 

The Committee reviews its effectiveness on an ongoing basis.  

Nicolas Clavel 
Chairman of the Audit Committee 
22 May 2020 

- 24 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Remuneration Committee Report 

Dear Shareholder  

As the Chairman of Symphony’s Remuneration Committee, I present my Remuneration Committee Report 
for the year ended 31 December 2019, which has been prepared by the Committee and approved by the 
Board.  

The Committee is responsible for determining the remuneration policy for the Executive Directors, and for 
overseeing the Company’s long-term incentive plans. The Board as a whole is responsible for determining 
Non-executive Directors’ remuneration.  

As an AIM company, the Directors’ Remuneration Report Regulations do not apply to Symphony and so 
this report is disclosed voluntarily and has not been subject to audit.  

Remuneration policy for 2019 and future years 

The Remuneration Committee determines the Company’s policy on the structure of Executive Directors’ 
and if required, senior management’s remuneration. The objectives of this policy are to:  

•  Reward Executive Directors and senior management in a manner that ensures that they are 

properly incentivised and motivated to perform in the best interests of shareholders.  

•  Provide a level of remuneration required to attract and motivate high-calibre Executive Directors 

and senior management of appropriate calibre.  

•  Encourage value creation through consistent and transparent alignment of incentive arrangements 

with the agreed company strategy over the long term.  

•  Ensure the total remuneration packages awarded to Executive Directors, comprising both 

performance-related and non-performance-related remuneration, is designed to motivate the 
individual, align interests with shareholders and comply with corporate governance best practice. 

The Committee will continue to monitor market trends and developments in order to assess those relevant 
for the Group’s future remuneration policy.  

Remuneration Policy for Non-Executive Directors 

N Clavel, S Robinson and R Wigley each receive a fee for their services as a Director, which is approved 
by the Board, mindful of the time commitment and responsibilities of their roles and of current market rates 
for comparable organisations and appointments. 

Remuneration decisions for 2019 

No annual bonuses are payable for the year ended 31 December 2019 (2018: £nil).  

As announced by RNS on 20 November 2019, extensions were granted to the exercise period of  certain 
options. The Company had previously granted options to purchase 8,441,500 ordinary shares of 1p each 
in  the Company (“Ordinary  Shares”) to  certain  directors of the  Company  (the  “Options”).  The Options 
were due to expire across 2019 and 2020.   

R Wigley and S Robinson, as non-executive directors of the Company, commissioned an independent 
remuneration report on the impact of extending or not extending the Options. The report concluded that 
it  was  in  the  best  interests  of  all  shareholders  that  the  exercise  period  of  the  Options  be  extended.  
Consequently, R Wigley and S Robinson recommended to the Board, who agreed, that the expiry dates 
of the Options be extended by 12 or 24 months, and in addition, the exercise price of Options to purchase 
1,090,000 Ordinary Shares was also increased to 12.5 pence per Ordinary Share.  

The options affected are indicated in the share options and warrants table on page 26. 

Remuneration Committee effectiveness 

The Committee reviews its effectiveness on an ongoing basis.  

- 25 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ emoluments 

The table below  sets out  the  total emoluments received  by  each  Director  who served  during  the year 
ended 31 December 2019. 

N Deva*  
M Laurier 
I Bristow 
M Stephen 
N Clavel 
S Robinson  
R Wigley 

2019 

2018 

Basic 
salary 
£’000 

Benefits 
£’000 

Total  
Emoluments 
£’000 

Total 
Emoluments 
£’000 

14 
201 
137 
137 
16 
16 
16 

537 

- 
10 
4 
12 
- 
- 
- 

26 

14 
211 
141 
149 
16 
16 
16 

563 

16 
213 
144 
152 
16 
16 
20 

577 

The Company has taken out insurance for its officers against liabilities in relation to the Company under 
Section 233 of the Companies Act 2006.  

*N Deva resigned on 7 November 2019. 

Share options and warrants 

The Directors have share options and warrants, or interests in share options and warrants as follows: 

Number of 
share 
options or 

Exercise price 

warrants   

(pence per share)  Exercisable from 

Exercisable to 

31 March 2010 

M Laurier 
M Laurier 
I Bristow 
I Bristow 
M Stephen 
M Stephen 
N Clavel 
N Clavel 
S Robinson 
R Wigley 
R Wigley 
The above share options and warrants are HM Revenue and Customs unapproved.  

26 November 2008  26 November 2021 
30 March 2022 
26 November 2008  26 November 2021 
30 March 2022 
26 November 2008  26 November 2020 
30 March 2021 
16 October 2009  26 November 2021 
18 December 2010  18 December 2021 
19 November 2019  19 November 2021 
6 April 2021 
19 November 2019  19 November 2021 

1,851,500  
350,000  
3,000,000  
280,000  
2,000,000  
210,000  
500,000  
250,000  
1,500,000  
750,000  
250,000  

4.500 
12.500 
4.500 
12.500 
4.500 
12.500 
4.500 
12.500 
12.500 
12.500 
12.500 

31 March 2010 

31 March 2010 

15 May 2019 

In addition to amendments to certain options detailed on page 25, and also as announced by RNS on 20 
November 2019, the exercise price of options previously granted to R Wigley in 2018 was reduced to 
12.5 pence per Ordinary Share. In addition, options were granted to purchase 1,500,000 Ordinary Shares 
at an exercise price of 12.5 pence per Ordinary Share to S Robinson and to purchase 250,000 Ordinary 
Shares at an exercise price of 12.5 pence per Ordinary Share to R Wigley.  

S Robinson 
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee 
22 May 2020 

- 26 - 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor's Report to the members of Symphony Environmental 
Technologies plc 

Opinion 

We  have  audited  the  financial  statements  of  Symphony  Environmental  Technologies  plc  (the  ‘parent 
company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘group’) for the year ended 31 December 2019 which comprise the 
Consolidated  Statement of Comprehensive  Income,  Consolidated  Statement of Financial  Position,  the 
Consolidated  Statement  of  Changes  in  Equity,  the  Consolidated  Cash  Flow  Statement,  the  Company 
Statement of Financial Position, the Company Statement of Changes in Equity and notes to the financial 
statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that 
has been applied in the preparation of the group financial statements is applicable law and International 
Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs)  and, as regard to the parent company financial statements, as 
applied in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including FRS 101 
“Reduced Disclosure Framework” (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice). 

In our opinion: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s and of the parent 
company’s affairs as at 31st December 2019 and of the group’s loss for the year then ended; 
the group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as 
adopted by the European Union;  
the parent company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with 
United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and  
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for opinion 

We  conducted our  audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK)  (ISAs  (UK))  and 
applicable  law.  Our  responsibilities  under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the  Auditor’s 
responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the 
group  and  company  in  accordance  with  the  ethical  requirements  that  are  relevant  to  our  audit  of  the 
financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to  listed entities, and we 
have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the 
audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Conclusions relating to going concern  

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the ISAs (UK) require us 
to report to you where: 

• 

• 

the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial 
statements is not appropriate; or 
the directors have not disclosed in the financial statements any identified material uncertainties 
that may cast significant doubt about the group’s or parent company’s ability to continue to 
adopt the going concern basis of accounting for a period of at least twelve months from the 
date when the financial statements are authorised for issue. 

Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our 
audit of the financial statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of 
material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) we identified, including those which had the greatest 
effect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the 
engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements 
as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 

We summarise below the key audit matters in forming our audit opinion above, together with an overview 
of the principal audit procedures performed to address each matter and, where relevant, key observations 
arising from those procedures. 

These matters, together with our findings, were communicated to those charged  
with governance through our Audit Completion Report. 

- 27 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue recognition  

Description of the Key Audit Matter 

The risk of fraud in revenue recognition is an ISA presumption and unless rebutted must be 
considered as a significant risk on all audits. For Symphony Environmental Technologies plc the 
revenues of the business are the primary focus of users of the financial statements, hence 
appropriate revenue recognition is considered to be a Key Audit Matter with a particular focus on the 
risk of incorrect application of year end cut off. 

How we addressed this matter 

We addressed this risk by performing audit procedures which included, but were not limited to:  

• 

Performing analytical procedures, enquiry of management, and corroboration of 
explanations provided.  

•  Obtaining and reviewing the revenue recognition policy to ensure they comply with the IFRS 

• 

requirements. 
Substantive sampling of revenue reported in the two weeks pre and post year end. We 
assessed the right to and timing of revenue by reference to shipment or delivery 
documentation depending on the specific contractual terms. 

Audit conclusion 

On the basis of our audit procedures, we have not identified any misstatements in relation to revenue 
recognised in the financial statements. 

Valuation of Right of Use Assets and Liabilities 

Description of the Key Audit Matter 

The valuation of right of use assets and related liabilities on the adoption of IFRS 16 involves the 
application of management judgement, particularly in respect of the discount rate applied in 
calculations and the assessment of the impact of key lease terms. There is a risk that inappropriate 
judgement may lead to a material misstatement in the valuation.  In addition, as this is the first year of 
implementation of IFRS 16, there is a risk that the disclosures are not as required by the standard. 

How we addressed this matter 

We addressed this risk by performing audit procedures that included but were not limited to: 
•  Reviewing the IFRS 16 judgements made by management for reasonableness. 
•  Challenging the judgements applied to the discount rate selection by way of understanding 

• 

the client’s basis and source of evidence for them. 
Performing sensitivity analysis on the rates to challenge the extent of fluctuation which could 
lead to material misstatement. 
Agreeing key elements of lease terms to lease agreement documentation. 

• 
•  Created expectation of figures by recalculating based on the lease agreement terms 
•  Reviewing the disclosures in the financial statements 

Audit conclusion 

On the basis of our audit procedures, we have not identified any misstatements (including disclosure 
deficiencies) in the IFRS 16 valuation of right of use assets and liabilities as a result of the adoption 
of the standard in the financial statements.  

Impact of COVID-19 on the financial statements 

Description of Key Audit Matter 

Since the balance sheet date there has been a global pandemic from the outbreak of COVID-19. The 
potential impact of COVID-19 became significant in March 2020 and is causing widespread disruption 
to  normal  patterns  of  business  activity  across  the  world,  including  the  UK.    As  the  group  trades 
internationally, the risk extends beyond the UK impact. 

- 28 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The directors’ consideration of the impact on the financial statements are disclosed in Chief 
Executive’s Review on page 6 and going concern assessment on page 21 . Whilst the situation is still 
evolving, based on the information available at this point in time, the directors have assessed the 
impact of COVID-19 on the business and have concluded that adopting the going concern basis of 
preparation is appropriate.  

As per Note 23 to the financial statements, the directors have also concluded that COVID-19 is a non-
adjusting post balance sheet event. 

How we addressed this matter 

We assessed the directors’ conclusion that the matter be treated as a non-adjusting post balance sheet 
event  and  that  adopting  the  going  concern  basis  for  preparation  of  the  financial  statements  is 
appropriate. We considered: 

• 

The timing of the development of the  outbreak  across  the world and in the UK and in  key 
countries for the group’s suppliers and customers; and 

•  How the financial statements and business operations of the group might be impacted by the 

disruption. 

In  forming  our  conclusions  over  going  concern,  we  evaluated  how  the  directors’  going  concern 
assessment considered the impacts arising from COVID-19 as follows: 

•  We reviewed the directors’ going concern assessment including COVID-19 implications based 
on a ‘most likely’ (base case) scenario and a ‘reverse stress tested scenario’ as approved by 
the board  of directors on 21 May  2020.  We made enquiries of directors  to understand the 
period of assessment considered by directors, the completeness of the adjustments taken into 
account and implication of those when assessing the  ‘most likely’ scenario and the ‘reverse 
stress tested scenario’ on the group’s future financial performance; 

•  We evaluated the key assumptions in the ‘base case’  forecast and the ‘reverse stress tested 

scenario’ forecast  and considered whether these appeared reasonable;  

•  We examined the minimum cash headroom under the ‘base case’ monthly cash flow forecasts 
as disclosed in the financial statements and evaluated whether the directors’ conclusion that 
liquidity headroom remained in all events was reasonable; and 

•  We  evaluated  the  adequacy  and  appropriateness  of  the  directors’  disclosure  in  respect  of 
COVID-19  implications,  in  particular  disclosures  within  principal  risks  &  uncertainties,  post 
balance sheet events and going concern. 

Audit conclusion 

Based on the work performed, we are satisfied that the matter has been appropriately reflected in the 
financial statements. Our conclusions on going concern are set out in the section headed 
“Conclusions relating to going concern” above. 

Our application of materiality 

The scope of our audit was influenced by our application of materiality. We set certain quantitative 
thresholds for materiality. These, together with qualitative considerations, helped us to determine the 
scope of our audit and the nature, timing and extent of our audit procedures on the individual financial 
statement line items and disclosures and in evaluating the effect of misstatements, both individually and 
on the financial statements as a whole. Based on our professional judgement, we determined materiality 
for the financial statements as a whole as follows: 

Overall  materiality 

How we determined it 

Group - £164,500 
Parent company - £82,250 

Group – 2% revenue 
Parent  company–  5%  net  assets  (capped  at  above  due  to 
group audit limits) 

Rationale for benchmark applied 

Turnover has been taken as the benchmark for materiality for 
the  group  as  it  is  considered  to  be  the  primary  focus  of  the 

- 29 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance materiality 

Reporting threshold 

shareholders  as  the  group  is  still  at  an  early  stage  of  profit 
generation. 

Net assets was chosen as the basis for the parent company as 
it acts as the parent company of the group and does not trade.   

Performance materiality is set to reduce to an appropriately low 
level  the  probability  that  the  aggregate  of  uncorrected  and 
undetected misstatements in the financial statements exceeds 
materiality for the financial statements as a whole. The level of 
performance materiality applied is as follows: 
Group - £131,600 
Parent company- £65,800 

The  reporting  threshold  is  the  materiality  level  below  which 
audit  differences would not  be  communicated those charged 
with  governance.  We  agreed  with  the  Board  that  we  would 
report to them misstatements identified during our audit above 
the clearly trivial threshold as well as misstatements below that 
amount  that,  in  our  view,  warranted  reporting  for  qualitative 
reasons. The clearly trivial levels for the group are as follows: 
Group - £4,950 
Parent company- £2,450 

The range of financial statement materiality across components, audited to the lower of local statutory 
audit materiality and materiality capped for group audit purposes, was between £82,250 and £164,500 
being all below group financial statement materiality. 

An overview of the scope of our audit 

As part of designing our audit, we determined materiality and assessed the risk of material misstatement 
in the financial statements. In particular, we looked at where the directors made subjective judgements 
such as making assumptions on significant accounting estimates. 

We gained an understanding of the legal and regulatory framework applicable to the group and parent 
company, the structure of the group and the parent company and the industry in which it operates. We 
considered the risk of acts by the company which were contrary to the applicable laws and regulations 
including  fraud. We  designed our audit procedures  to respond  to  those  identified  risks,  including  non-
compliance with laws and regulations (irregularities) that are material to the financial statements.  

We  focused  on  laws  and  regulations  that  could  give  rise  to  a  material  misstatement  in  the  financial 
statements, including, but not limited to, the Companies Act 2006.  
We tailored the scope of our group audit to ensure that we performed sufficient work to be able to give an 
opinion  on  the  financial  statements  as  a  whole.  We  used  the  outputs  of  a  risk  assessment,  our 
understanding of the parent company and group’s accounting processes and controls and its environment 
and  considered  qualitative  factors  in  order  to  ensure  that  we  obtained  sufficient  coverage  across  all 
financial statement line items. 

Our tests included, but were not limited to, obtaining evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the 
financial statements sufficient to give reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free from 
material misstatement, whether caused by irregularities including fraud or error, review of minutes of 
directors’ meetings in the year and enquiries of management. As a result of our procedures, we did not 
identify any Key Audit Matters relating to irregularities, including fraud. 

The risks of material misstatement that had the greatest effect on our audit, including the allocation of 
our resources and effort, are discussed under “Key audit matters” within this report.  

Our  group  audit  scope  included  an  audit  of  the  group  and  parent  company  financial  statements  of 
Symphony Environmental Technologies PLC. Based on our risk assessment, all entities within the group 
were subject to full scope audit and was performed by the group audit team. 

- 30 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
At  the  parent  level  we  also  tested  the  consolidation  process  and  carried  out  analytical  procedures  to 
confirm our conclusion that there were no significant risks  of material misstatement of the aggregated 
financial information. 

Other information 

The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information 
included in the Annual Report and Accounts 2019, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s 
report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except 
to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion 
thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information 
and,  in  doing  so,  consider  whether  the  other  information  is  materially  inconsistent  with  the  financial 
statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we 
identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine 
whether  there  is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a  material misstatement of  the 
other  information.  If,  based  on  the  work  we  have  performed,  we  conclude  that  there  is  a  material 
misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

• 

• 

the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report for the financial year for 
which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and  
the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report have been prepared in accordance with applicable 
legal requirements. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 

In light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the parent company and its environment 
obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report 
or the Directors’ Report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 
requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

• 

• 

adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate 
for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 
the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and 
returns; or 
• 
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or; 
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Responsibilities of Directors 

As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement set out on page 23, the directors are 
responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and 
fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation 
of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In  preparing  the  financial  statements,  the  directors  are  responsible  for  assessing  the  group’s  and  the 
parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going 
concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate 
the group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements  

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are 
free  from  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error,  and  to  issue  an  auditor’s  report  that 
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an 
audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, 
they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of 
these financial statements. 

- 31 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A  further  description  of  our  responsibilities  for  the  audit  of  the  financial  statements  is  located  on  the 
Financial Reporting Council’s  website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.  This description forms 
part of our auditor’s report. 

Use of the audit report 

This report is made solely to the company’s members as a body in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 
of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s 
members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. 
To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the 
company and the company’s members as a body for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we 
have formed. 

Samantha Russell (Senior Statutory Auditor)  

for and on behalf of Mazars LLP 

Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditor  
The Pinnacle 
160 Midsummer Boulevard 
Milton Keynes  
MK9 1FF 

Date  

- 32 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income  
for the year ended 31 December 2019 

Revenue 

Cost of sales 

Gross profit 

Distribution costs 

Administrative expenses 

Operating (loss)/profit 

Finance costs 

(Loss)/profit for the year before tax 

Taxation 

(Loss)/profit for the year 

Total comprehensive (loss)/income for 
the year 

Basic earnings per share 
Diluted earnings per share 

Note 

2019 
£’000 

2018 
£’000 

4 

8,225 

8,802 

(4,450) 

(4,676) 

3,775 

(321) 

4,126 

(210) 

(4,076) 

(3,852) 

5 

7 

8 

9 
9 

(622) 

(75) 

(697) 

37 

(660) 

(660) 

(0.41)p 
(0.41)p 

64 

(26) 

38 

10 

48 

48 

0.03p 
0.03p 

All results are attributable to the parent company equity holders. There were no discontinued operations 
for either of the above periods. 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these annual report and accounts. 

- 33 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of financial position  
as at 31 December 2019 

Company number 03676824 

ASSETS 
Non-current 
Property, plant and equipment 
Right-of-use assets 
Intangible assets 

Current 
Inventories 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets 

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 
Equity 
Equity attributable to shareholders of 
Symphony Environmental Technologies plc 
Ordinary shares 
Share premium  
Retained earnings 

Total equity 

Liabilities 
Non-current 
Lease liabilities 

Current 
Lease liabilities 
Borrowings 
Trade and other payables 

Total liabilities 

Total equity and liabilities 

Note 

10 
11 
12 

14 
15 
16 

17 
17 
17 

18 

18 
18 
19 

2019 
£’000 

218 
637 
42 

897 

882 
2,335 
1,161 

4,378 

5,275 

1,700 
2,077 
(537) 

2018 
£’000 

254 
- 
34 

288 

623 
2,228 
374 

3,225 

3,513 

1,543 
333 
123 

3,240 

1,999 

509 

122 
283 
1,121 

1,526 

2,035 

5,275 

- 

- 
454 
1,060 

1,514 

1,514 

3,513 

These  annual  report  and  accounts  were  approved  by  the  Board  of  Directors  on  22  May  2020  and 
authorised for issue on 22 May 2020. They were signed on its behalf by: 

I Bristow FCCA 
Chief Financial Officer 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these annual report and accounts. 

- 34 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 
for the year ended 31 December 2019 

Equity attributable to the equity holders of Symphony Environmental Technologies plc: 

For the year to 31 December 
2019 
Balance at 1 January 2019 

Issue of share capital 

Transactions with owners 

Total comprehensive income for 
the year 

Share 
capital 
£’000 

Share 
premium 
£’000 

Retained 
earnings 
£’000 

Total 
equity 
£’000 

1,543 

157 

157 

- 

333 

1,744 

1,744 

123 

- 

- 

- 

(660) 

1,999 

1,901 

1,901 

(660) 

Balance at 31 December 2019 

1,700 

2,077 

(537) 

3,240 

For the year to 31 December 
2018 
Balance at 1 January 2018 

Issue of share capital 
Share-based payments 

Transactions with owners 

Total comprehensive income for 
the year 

1,516 

27 
- 

27 

- 

Balance at 31 December 2018 

1,543 

- 

333 
- 

333 

- 

333 

67 

- 
8 

8 

48 

1,583 

360 
8 

368 

48 

123 

1,999 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these annual report and accounts. 

- 35 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated cash flow statement 
for the year ended 31 December 2019 

Cash flows from operating activities 
(Loss)/profit after tax 
Adjustments for: 
   Depreciation 
   Amortisation 
   (Profit)/loss on disposal of tangible assets 
   Share-based payments  
   Foreign exchange  
   Interest expense 
   Tax credit 
Changes in working capital: 
   Movement in inventories 
   Movement in trade and other receivables 
   Movement in trade and other payables 

Net cash used in operations 
R&D tax credit 

Net cash used in operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Additions to property, plant and equipment 
Additions to intangible assets 
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Movement in working capital facility 
Repayment of lease capital  
Proceeds from share issue 
Lease interest paid 
Bank and invoice finance interest paid 

Net cash generated in financing activities 

Net change in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year 

Represented by: 
Cash and cash equivalents (note 16) 
Bank overdraft (note 18) 

2019 
£’000 

(660) 

202 
17 
(17) 
- 
42 
75 
(37) 

(259) 
(164) 
76 

(725) 
37 

(688) 

(50) 
(25) 
27 

(48) 

(454) 
(132) 
1,901 
(32) 
(43) 

1,240 

504 
374 

878 

1,161 
(283) 

878 

2018 
£’000 

48 

81 
16 
1 
8 
(8) 
26 
(10) 

(55) 
(1,223) 
111 

(1,005) 
10 

(995) 

(45) 
(3) 
- 

(48) 

454 
(2) 
360 
- 
(26) 

786 

(257) 
631 

374 

374 
- 

374 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these annual report and accounts.  

- 36 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Annual Report and Accounts 

1 

General information 

Symphony  Environmental  Technologies  plc  (‘the  Company’)  and  subsidiaries  (together  ‘the  Group’) 
develop and supply environmental plastic additives and products to a global market.  

The Company, a public limited company, is the Group’s ultimate parent company. It is incorporated and 
domiciled in England (Company number 03676824). The address of its registered office is 6 Elstree Gate, 
Elstree Way, Borehamwood, Hertfordshire, WD6 1JD, England. The Company’s shares are listed on the 
AIM market of the London Stock Exchange.  

2 

Basis of preparation and significant accounting policies 

Basis of preparation 

These consolidated annual report and accounts have been prepared in accordance with the requirements 
of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the European Union. 

These consolidated annual report and accounts have been prepared under the historical cost convention 
except as stated in the accounting policies. Financial information is presented in pounds sterling unless 
otherwise stated, and amounts are expressed in thousands (£’000) and rounded accordingly. 

Changes to accounting  policies during the year are detailed in ‘Standards and interpretations  adopted 
during the year’ further in this note.  

Consolidation 

This consolidated annual report and accounts are made up to 31 December 2019. 

All intra-group transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions between group companies are 
eliminated  on  consolidation.  Unrealised  losses  are  also  eliminated  unless  the  transaction  provides 
evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred. Where necessary, adjustments are made to the annual 
report and accounts of subsidiaries to bring the accounting policies used into line with those used by other 
members of the Group. 

Going concern 

On the basis of current financial projections and available funds and facilities, the Directors are satisfied 
that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future 
and, accordingly, continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the Group and Company financial 
statements. The operating loss for the year of £0.62 million was more than mitigated by the £1.9 million 
share subscription received during the year. The net current assets of the business therefore increased 
to £2.85 million from £1.71 million in 2018. Forecasts have been underpinned by Q1 2020 revenues of 
£2.45 million (2019 Q1: £1.60m). 

The COVID-19 crises has so far had little impact on the Group with some minor cashflow and order delays 
in certain territories with the main markets continuing generally as expected. The Group’s products and 
markets are not negatively affected by the crises and on the contrary could strengthen as plastics are 
integral in food and human protection.  

Revenue 

-  Plastic additives and finished products, and associated products  

Revenue is stated at the fair value of the consideration receivable and excludes VAT and trade discounts. 

- 37 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Group’s revenue is from the sale of goods.  Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when all 
of the following conditions have been satisfied: 

• 

• 

Identification of the contract – Due to the nature of the goods sold, the Group effectively approves 
an implied contract with a customer when it accepts a purchase order from the customer. 
Identification of the separate performance obligations in the contract – The Group must fulfil the 
following obligations, which are agreed on acceptance of the purchase order: 
- 
- 

To make the goods available for dispatch on the required date; 
To  organise  freight  in  accordance  with  agreed  INCOTERMs  (a  series  of  pre-defined 
commercial terms published by the International Chamber of Commerce). 

•  Determine the transaction price of the contract – The transaction price is determined as the fair 
value of the consideration the Group expects to receive on transfer of the goods. The price of 
the sale includes the goods price and the cost of the transport, if applicable.  

•  Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations identified – Sales prices are 
agreed with each customer and are not generally a fixed price per unit. The transport price will 
also vary  across  sales  as  it  is based  on  quotes  received from  the  Group’s  freight  agents, as 
transport  is  charged  at  cost.  Although  the  Group  is  effectively  an  agent  in  the  provision  of 
transport rather than the principal under IFRS 15, the transport cost is insignificant in the context 
of the overall sale price and therefore it is not netted out of revenue and cost; 

•  Recognition of revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied – Provided that the goods 
have  been made  available for dispatch on the required date, this performance  obligation  has 
been fulfilled and the revenue for this performance obligation is therefore recognised at this date. 
In respect to the freight element, the agreed INCOTERMs need to be satisfied. At this point, the 
Group recognises the revenue for this separate performance obligation.  

Intangible assets 

 -  Research and development costs 

Expenditure on research (or the research phase of an internal project) is recognised as an expense in 
the period in which it is incurred.  Development costs incurred on specific projects are capitalised when 
all the following conditions are satisfied: 

• 

• 
• 
• 

completion of the intangible asset is technically feasible so that it will be available for use or 
sale; 
the Group intends to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it; 
the Group has the ability to use or sell the intangible asset; and 
the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits.   

Among other things, this requires that there is a market for the output from the intangible asset or for the 
intangible asset itself, or, if it is to be used internally, the asset will be used in generating such benefits; 

• 

• 

there are adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and 
to use or sell the intangible asset; and 
the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development can be measured 
reliably. 

Development costs not meeting the criteria for capitalisation are expensed as incurred. 
The cost of an internally generated intangible asset comprises all directly attributable costs necessary to 
create,  produce,  and  prepare  the  asset  to  be  capable  of  operating  in  the  manner  intended  by 
management.  The nature of the Group’s activities in the field of development work renders some internally 
generated intangible assets unable to meet the above criteria at present. 

Amortisation commences upon completion of the asset and is shown within administrative expenses and 
is included at the following rate: 

Plastic masterbatches and other additives  -  15 years straight line. 

Careful judgement by the Directors is applied when deciding whether the recognition requirements for 
development  costs  have  been  met.  This  is  necessary  as  the  economic  success  of  any  product 
development  is  uncertain  and  may  be  subject  to  future  technical  problems  at  the  time  of  recognition.  
Judgements are based on the information available at each balance sheet date. All amounts disclosed 
within note 11 in development costs relate to plastic masterbatches and other additives.  

- 38 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 - Trademarks 

Trademarks represent the cost of registration and are carried at cost less amortisation. Amortisation is 
calculated so as to write off the cost of an asset, less its estimated residual value, over the useful economic 
life of that asset as follows: 

Trademarks                                 -  10 years straight line. 

Property, plant and equipment 

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, net of depreciation and any provision for impairment. 
The cost comprises of the purchase price of the asset plus directly attributable costs. 

Depreciation is calculated so as to write off the cost of an asset, less its estimated residual value, over 
the useful economic life of that asset as follows: 

Plant and machinery 
Fixtures and fittings  
Motor vehicles 
Office equipment 

-  20% reducing balance. 
-  10% straight line. 
-  25% reducing balance. 
-  25% straight line. 

The residual value and useful economic lives are reconsidered annually. 

Impairment testing of intangible assets and property, plant and equipment 

All individual assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that 
the carrying amount may not be recoverable. 

An  impairment  loss  is  recognised  for  the  amount  by  which  the  asset’s  carrying  amount  exceeds  its 
recoverable amount.  The recoverable amount is the higher of fair value, reflecting market conditions less 
costs  to  sell,  and  value  in  use  based  on  an  internal  discounted  cash  flow  evaluation.  All  assets  are 
subsequently  reassessed  for  indications  that  an  impairment  loss  previously  recognised  may  no  longer 
exist. 

Leased assets 

Under  IFRS  16,  for  any  new  contracts  entered  into  on  or  after  1  January  2019,  the  Group  considers 
whether a contract is, or contains a lease. A lease is defined as ‘a contract, or part of a contract, that 
conveys the right to use an asset (the underlying asset) for a period of time in exchange for consideration’. 
To apply this definition three key evaluations are assessed:  

•  whether  the  contract  contains  an  identified  asset,  which  is  either  explicitly  identified  in  the 
contract or implicitly specified by being identified at the time the asset is made available to the 
Group 

•  whether the Group has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from use of 
the identified asset throughout the period of use, considering its rights within the defined scope 
of the contract 

•  whether the Group has the right to direct the use of the identified asset throughout the period of 
use. The Group assess whether it has the right to direct ‘how and for what purpose’ the asset is 
used throughout the period of use.  

A right-of-use asset and a lease liability is recognised on the balance sheet at the lease commencement 
date. The right-of-use asset is measured at cost, which is made up of the initial measurement of the lease 
liability, any initial direct costs incurred, an estimate of any costs to dismantle and remove the asset at the 
end of the lease, and any lease payments made in advance of the lease commencement date (net of any 
incentives received). 

Right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis from the lease commencement date to the 
earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. Impairment  is 
assessed when such indicators exist. 

The lease liability is measured on commencement of the lease at the present value of the lease payments 
unpaid at that date, discounted using the Group’s incremental borrowing rate.  

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability are made up of fixed payments included 
in the lease agreement and together with any in-substance fixed payments.  

- 39 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subsequent  to  initial  measurement,  the  liability  will  be  reduced  for  payments  made  and  increased  for 
interest.  It  is  remeasured  to  reflect  any  reassessment  or  modification,  or  if  there  are  changes  in  in-
substance fixed payments. 

When the lease liability is remeasured, the corresponding adjustment is reflected in the right-of-use asset, 
or profit and loss if the right-of-use asset is already reduced to zero.  

The date of initial application by the Group of IFRS 16 was 1 January 2019. The Group used the modified 
retrospective method  and has therefore  only recognised  leases  on  the balance  sheet  as  at 1  January 
2019. In addition, the measurement of right-of-use assets has been calculated by reference to the lease 
liability as at 1 January 2019 which ensured that there was no material impact to net assets as at that 
date. 

The value of recognised ‘right-of-use asset’ as at 1 January 2019 was £763,000. See notes 11 and 18. 

The nature of the expenses related to those leases have also now changed from 1 January 2019 as IFRS 
16  replaces  the  straight-line  operating expense  with  a  depreciation charge  for  right-of-use  assets  and 
interest expense on lease liabilities. During the year ended 31 December 2019, IFRS 16 resulted in a 
£37,000 increase in overall expenditure. 

Inventories 

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value, after making due allowance for obsolete 
and slow moving items. Cost is determined on the basis of purchase value plus all directly attributable 
costs of bringing the inventory to the current location and condition, on a first-in first-out basis.  

Employee costs 

- Employee compensation 

Employee benefits are recognised as an expense. 

- Post employment obligations 

The Group operates a defined contribution pension scheme for employees. The assets of the scheme are 
held separately from those of the Group. The pension costs charged against profits are the contributions 
payable to the scheme in respect of the accounting period. 

Taxation 

Current tax is the tax currently payable based on taxable profit for the year. 

Deferred income taxes are calculated using the liability method on temporary differences.  Deferred tax is 
generally provided on the difference between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax 
bases. Tax losses available to be carried forward as well as other income tax credits to the Group are 
assessed for recognition as deferred tax assets, insofar as Group companies are entitled to UK tax credits 
on qualifying research and development expenditure, such amounts are presented in the income tax line 
within statement of comprehensive income.  

Deferred tax liabilities are provided in full, with no discounting.  Deferred tax assets are recognised to the 
extent  that  it  is  probable  that  the  underlying  deductible  temporary  differences  will  be  able  to  be  offset 
against future taxable income.  Current and deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated at tax rates 
that  are  expected  to  apply  to  their  respective  period  of  realisation,  provided  they  are  enacted  or 
substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. 

Changes in deferred tax assets or liabilities are recognised as a component of tax expense in profit or loss, 
except where they either relate to items that are charged or credited directly to equity in which case the 
related deferred tax is also charged or credited directly to equity, or where they relate to items charged or 
credited in other comprehensive income the deferred tax change is recognised in other comprehensive 
income. 

Foreign currencies 

Monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated into Sterling at the rates of exchange 
ruling at the balance sheet date. Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into Sterling at the rate 
of exchange ruling at the date of the transaction. Exchange differences are taken into account in arriving 

- 40 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
at the operating result. The Group uses derivatives such as forward rate agreements to mitigate its current 
or  future  positions  against  foreign  exchange  rate  risks.  These  derivatives  are  measured  at  fair  value, 
determined by reference to observable market prices at the reporting date. 

Financial assets  

The  Group  classifies  all  of  its  financial  assets  measured  at  amortised  cost. Financial  assets  do  not 
comprise  prepayments.  Management  determines  the  classification  of  its  financial  assets  at  initial 
recognition. 

These  assets  arise  principally  from  the  provision  of  goods  and  services  to  customers  (e.g.  trade 
receivables), but also incorporate other types of financial assets where the objective is to hold their assets 
in  order  to  collect  contractual  cash  flows  and  the  contractual  cash  flows  are  solely  payments  of  the 
principal and  interest. They are initially recognised at fair value  plus transaction costs that are directly 
attributable to their acquisition or issue, and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective 
interest rate method, less provision for impairment. 

Impairment provisions are recognised based on the simplified approach within IFRS 9 using the lifetime 
expected credit losses. During this process the probability of the non-payment of the trade receivables is 
assessed. This probability is then multiplied by the amount of the expected loss arising from default to 
determine  the  lifetime  expected  credit  loss  for  the  trade  receivables.  For  trade  receivables, which  are 
reported net; such provisions are recorded in a separate provision account with the loss being recognised 
within administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. On confirmation 
that the trade receivable will not be collectable, the gross carrying value of the asset is written off against 
the associated provision. 

The Group’s financial assets held at amortised cost comprise trade and other receivables and cash and 
cash equivalents in the consolidated statement of financial position. 

The Group has an invoice financing facility whereby it transfers the rights to the cash flows from the related 
receivables to a third party but retains the credit risk by providing a guarantee. As the Group does not 
transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of the receivables, no derecognition of financial assets is 
required.   

- Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and other short-term, highly liquid deposits that are 
readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes 
in value. 

Financial liabilities 

The  Group  classifies  its  financial  liabilities  in  the  category  of  financial  liabilities  at  amortised  cost.   All 
financial liabilities are recognised in the statement of financial position when the Group becomes a party 
to the contractual provision of the instrument. 

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost include: 

• 

Trade payables and other short-dated monetary liabilities, which are initially recognised at fair 
value and subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method. 
•  Bank  and  other  borrowings  are  initially  recognised  at  fair  value  net  of  any  transaction  costs 
directly  attributable  to  the  issue  of  the  instrument. Such  interest-bearing  liabilities  are 
subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method, which ensures 
that any interest expense over the period to repayment is at a constant rate on the balance of 
the liability carried in the consolidated statement of financial position. For the purposes of each 
financial liability, interest expense includes initial transaction costs and any premium payable on 
redemption, as well as any interest or coupon payable while the liability is outstanding. 

Unless otherwise indicated, the carrying values of the Group’s financial liabilities measured at amortised 
cost represents a reasonable approximation of their fair values. 

Equity settled share-based payments 

All share-based payment arrangements granted after 7 November 2002 that had not vested prior to 1 
January 2007 are recognised in the annual report and accounts. 

All goods and services received in exchange for the grant of any share-based payment are measured at 

- 41 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
their  fair  values.  Where  employees  are  rewarded  using  share-based  payments,  the  fair  values  of  the 
instrument  granted  are  determined using the Black-Scholes model.  This  fair  value  is  appraised  at  the 
grant date. The fair value is charged to statement of comprehensive income between the date of issue 
and the date the share options vest with a corresponding credit taken to equity. 

Equity 

Equity comprises the following: 

• 
• 

• 

“Share capital” represents the nominal value of equity shares; 
“Share  premium” represents  the  excess  over  nominal  value  of  the  fair  value  of  consideration 
received for equity shares, net of expenses of the share issue and after capital reduction; and 
“Retained earnings” represents non-distributed reserves. 

Standards and interpretations adopted during the year 

At the date of authorisation of these annual report and accounts, certain new standards, amendments and 
interpretations to existing standards became effective, as they had not been previously adopted by the 
Group. 

Information on new standards, amendments and interpretations that are relevant to the Group’s annual 
report and accounts is provided below. Certain other new standards and interpretations have been issued 
but are not expected to have a material impact on the Group’s annual report and accounts. 

IFRS 16 ‘Leases’ 

IFRS 16 which requires lessees to account for leases ‘on-balance sheet’ by recognising a ‘right-of-use’ 
asset together with its respective lease liability was adopted on 1 January 2019. 

Other new effective Standards and interpretations with no material impact to the Group 

The following new and amended standards became effective during the current year and have not had a 
material impact on the Group’s/Company’s financial statements: 

•  Amendments to IFRS 9 Prepayment Features with Negative Compensation (effective 1 

January 2019) 

•  Amendments to IAS 28: Long-term Interests in Associates and Joint Ventures (effective 1 

January 2019) 

•  Annual Improvements to IFRSs 2015-2018 Cycle (IFRS 3 Business Combinations and IFRS 
joint Arrangements, IAS 12 Income Taxes, and IAS 23 Borrowing Costs) (effective 1 January 
2019) 

New and revised IFRS Standards in issue but not yet effective 

At the date of authorisation of these financial statements, The Group has not applied the following new 
and revised IFRS Standards that have been issued but are not yet effective.  

IFRIC 23 ‘Uncertainty over Income Tax Positions’ 

IFRIC 23 clarifies how to recognise and measure current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities 
when there is uncertainty over income tax treatments.  

Other 

The  Group  does  not  expect  any  other  standards  issued  by  the  IASB,  but  not  yet  effective,  to  have  a 
material impact on the group. 

- 42 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 

Significant accounting estimates and judgements 

Estimates and judgements are evaluated continually and are based on historical experience and other 
factors,  including  expectations  of  future  events  that  are  believed  to  be  reasonable  under  the 
circumstances. Although these estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of current events 
and actions, actual results may ultimately differ from those actions. Material changes to the estimates and 
judgements made in the preparation of the interim statements are detailed in the notes. 

In preparing these accounts the following areas were considered to involve significant estimates: 

- Capitalisation of development costs 

Estimates and related judgements in respect to the capitalisation of development costs are detailed in 
note  2.  In  particular,  estimates  are  made  in  respect  to  future  economic  benefits  based  on  market 
judgements at the time and over attributable internal staff time allocated to each product.   

- Recoverability of capitalised development cost 

Estimates and related judgements in respect to capitalised development costs are detailed in note 11. In 
particular, estimates are continued to be made in respect to future economic benefits and any changes to 
market conditions. 

- Share option judgements 

Estimates and related  judgements  in  respect  to  share-based  payment  charges  are  detailed  in  note  2. 
Estimates are made on the fair value of the option using the Black-Scholes model. 

- Going concern 

Estimates  and  related  judgements  in  respect  to  going  concern  are  detailed  in  note  2.  In  particular, 
estimates are made as to future revenues expectations which derive cash flow projections. 

- Expected credit losses (ECLs) 

Expected credit losses are shown in note 15. ECLs are determined based on historical data available to 
management  in  addition  to  forward  looking  information  utilising  management  knowledge.  Adequate 
information exists to support the recoverability of the net receivables balance. 

- Functional currency 

A significant proportion of the revenues generated by entities within the group are denominated in United 
States  Dollars  (USD).  The  functional  currency  of  the  Company  and  of  all  individual  entities  within  the 
Group has been determined to be Sterling. Identification of functional currencies requires a judgement as 
to the currency of the primary economic environment in which the companies of the Group operate. This 
is based on analysis of the economic environment and cash flows of the subsidiaries of the Group, which 
has  determined, based  upon  the currency of  funding and operating costs, that the  functional currency 
continues to be Sterling. 

In preparing these accounts the following areas were considered to involve significant judgements: 

- Recognition of deferred tax assets 

Judgements and estimates relating to a deferred tax asset are detailed in note 2. In particular, estimates 
are made as to future revenues which derive profit and loss projections. However, management does not 
consider it appropriate to recognise a deferred tax asset where there is uncertainty over the amount of 
future profits. 

- 43 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4 

Segmental information 

The Board has reviewed the requirements of IFRS 8 “Operating Segments”, including consideration of 
what results and information the Board reviews regularly to assess performance and allocate resources, 
and concluded that all revenue falls under a single business segment. The Directors consider the business 
does  not  have  separate  divisional  segments  as  defined  under  IFRS  8.  The  Board  assesses  the 
commercial performance of the business based upon a single set of revenues, margins, operating costs 
and assets.  

The revenues of the Group are divided in the following geographical areas: 

Geographical area 

UK 
Europe 
Americas 
Middle East and Africa 
Asia 

Total 

2019 
£’000 

315 
930 
3,254 
2,480 
1,246 

2018 
£’000 

417 
1,281 
3,414 
2,472 
1,218 

8,225 

8,802 

Revenues attributable to the above geographical areas are made on the basis of final destination of the 
customer to which the goods are sold. All revenue is of the same nature, timing and uncertainty and so 
the Directors have not provided a further disaggregation of the revenue beyond the segmental analysis 
provided above. Returns are credited to revenue on receipt of the original goods if returned. Credits are 
also made to revenue on agreement of a dispute where goods are not returned. Payments are made by 
customers  either  before  or  after  satisfaction  of  performance  obligations  depending  on  the  credit  risk 
associated with customer. Payments made before satisfaction of performance obligations are disclosed 
as a liability in accounts payable in the financial statements. If the satisfaction of performance obligation 
is  made  before  payment,  then  the  value  is  included  in  accounts  receivable  until  extinguished  by  the 
payment. Significant judgements are made in the timing of performance obligations. 

Non-current assets of £20,000 are held outside of the UK (2018: £20,000).  

Major customers 

There was one customer that accounted for greater than 10% of total Group revenues for 2019 (2018: 
one customer). In 2019 one customer accounted for £2,222,000 or 27% (2018: £2,235,000 or 25%) of 
total group revenues. The Group promotes it products through a global network of distributors and aims 
to generate revenues from as many sources as practicable.  

5 

Operating (loss)/profit 

The operating (loss)/ profit is stated after charging: 

Depreciation – property,plant and equipment 
Depreciation – right-of-use assets 
Amortisation 
(Profit)/loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Research and development expenditure not capitalised 
Operating lease rentals: 
      Land and buildings 
      Plant and equipment 
Fees payable to the Company’s auditor:  
Audit related services: 

Audit of the annual report and accounts 
Audit of the annual report and accounts of the Company’s 
subsidiaries  

Non-audit related services: 
     Other assurance related services  
     Tax compliance services 
Net foreign exchange loss 

- 44 - 

2019 
£’000 

2018 
£’000 

76 
126 
17 
(17) 
627 

- 
- 

11 
15 

5 
6 
67 

81 
- 
16 
1 
664 

114 
12 

11 
15 

11 
9 
30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6  

Directors and employees 

Staff costs (including directors) during the year comprise: 

Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Share-based payments 
Other pension costs 

Average monthly number of people (including directors) by activity: 

R&D, testing and technical 
Selling 
Administration 
Management 
Marketing 

Total average headcount 

Remuneration in respect of the Directors was as follows: 

Emoluments 

Key management remuneration: 

Short-term employee benefits 
Share-based payments 

2019 
£’000 

1,606 
178 
- 
69 

2018 
£’000 

1,530 
210 
8 
65 

1,853 

1,813 

2019 

2018 

9 
6 
10 
7 
3 

35 

9 
6 
10 
7 
2 

34 

2019 
£’000 

563 

563 

2018 
£’000 

577 

577 

2019 
£’000 

2018 
£’000 

563 
- 

563 

569 
8 

577 

The  Directors  are  considered  to  be  the  key  management  personnel  of  the  Group.  Further  details  on 
Directors’ remuneration and share options are set out in the Remuneration Committee Report. 

7 

Finance costs 

Interest expense: 
    Bank and invoice finance borrowings 
    Lease interest (right-of-use assets) 

Total finance costs 

Net finance costs 

- 45 - 

2019 
£’000 

2018 
£’000 

43 
32 

75 

75 

26 
- 

26 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8  

Taxation  

R&D tax credit 

Total income tax credit  

No tax arises on the (loss)/profit for the year. 

2019 
£’000 

2018 
£’000 

37 

37 

10 

10 

The tax assessed for the year is different from the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 19% (2018: 
19%).The differences are explained as follows: 

(Loss)/profit for the year before tax 
Tax calculated by rate of tax on the result 
Effective rate for year at 19% (2018: 19%) 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Expenses not taxable 
Fixed asset related timing differences 
R&D tax relief 
Share scheme deduction 
Short term timing differences 
Losses carried forward 
R&D tax credit not yet recognised 
R&D tax credit in respect of previous periods 

Total income tax credit 

2019 
£’000 

(697) 

(132) 
3 
(24) 
24 
(49) 
- 
69 
- 
109 
(37) 

(37) 

2018 
£’000 

38 

7 
13 
- 
3 
(58) 
(6) 
3 
1 
37 
(10) 

(10) 

Symphony Environmental Limited continues to undertake research and development work which results 
in a research and development tax credit being made repayable to the company by HMRC in exchange 
for tax losses surrendered by the company at a tax rate of 14.5%. As in prior years, the group has chosen 
to recognise such cash tax credits in its financial statements, once the relevant research and development 
claim  has  been  accepted  and  repaid  by  HMRC.  Usually  this  is  shortly  after  the  submission  of  the 
company’s  tax  return.  The  cash  tax  credit  of  £37,000 shown  above  relates  to  a    repayment  made  by 
HMRC  in  relation  to  the  year  ended  31  December  2018  (£10,000  relates  to  the  year  ended  and  31 
December 2017). 

In calculating the overall tax charge for the Group for the period, Symphony Environmental Limited has 
provisionally  included  a  portion  of  the  anticipated  research  and  development  claim  for  year  ended  31 
December 2019 to increase the trading losses made available for surrender to Symphony Environmental 
Technologies Plc as group relief. In doing so, the overall current year tax charge for the Group for the 
period has been reduced to £nil. Symphony Environmental Limited intends to surrender any remaining 
trading losses, not claimed as group relief, in exchange for a cash tax credit. The Group expects to be 
able to recognise this cash tax credit within next year’s financial statements once this is repaid. 

The recognition of the deferred tax asset is based on sensitising management forecasts to estimate the 
future taxable profits against which the losses will be relieved. Judgements have been made in respect to 
profitability going forward based upon current sales leads and market receptiveness to anticipated product 
launches.  

The Group has not recognised a deferred tax asset in respect of losses available for use against future 
taxable profits due to uncertainties on timing. The Group has tax losses of approximately £16,515,000 
(2018:  £16,152,000).  These  tax  losses  have  no  expiry  date.  The  unrecognised  deferred  tax  asset  in 
respect of these losses based on latest profit projections is approximately £2,807,000 (2018: £2,745,000). 

These brought forward losses are subject to the new  loss restriction rules  introduced on 1 April 2017. 
Groups with more than £5m taxable profits per annum will only be able to utilise 50% of their brought 
forward losses against taxable profits exceeding the £5m cap. As Symphony does not expect its taxable 
profits  to exceed  £5m in  the near  to immediate  term,  it is  not possible to  quantify  the impact of  these 
changes at this moment in time. 

- 46 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  main  rate  of  corporation  tax  was  reduced  from  20%  to  19%  from  1  April  2017,  and  remains 
unchanged. A further reduction in the UK corporation tax rate was substantively enacted on 6 September 
2016 reducing the headline corporation tax rate from 18% to 17% applicable from 1 April 2020. 

The Group also has gross fixed assets of £110,000 (2018: £104,000) which give rise to a deferred tax 
liability of £30,000 (2018: £18,000). Other gross temporary timing differences of £27,000 (2018: £37,000) 
give rise to a deferred tax asset of £5,000 (2018: £6,000). The net deferred tax liability of £22,000 (2018: 
£11,000) is sheltered by the unrecognised deferred tax asset in respect of losses. 

9 

Earnings per share and dividends 

The  calculation  of  basic  earnings  per  share  is  based  on  the  (loss)/profit  attributable  to  ordinary 
shareholders divided by the weighted average number of shares in issue during the year. The calculation 
of diluted earnings per share is based on the basic earnings per share, adjusted to allow for the issue of 
shares on the assumed conversion of all dilutive options and warrants. 

Reconciliations of the profit and weighted average numbers of shares used in the calculations are set out 
below: 

Basic and diluted 

(Loss)/profit attributable to equity holders of the 
Company 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares in 
issue 

2019 

2018 

£(660,000) 

£48,000 

160,085,762 

152,877,898 

Basic earnings per share 

(0.41) pence 

0.03 pence 

Dilutive effect of weighted average options and 
warrants 

Total of weighted average shares together with 
dilutive effect of weighted options- see below 

5,338,811 

9,585,716 

160,085,762 

162,463,614 

Diluted earnings per share  

(0.41) pence 

0.03 pence 

No dividends were paid for the year ended 31 December 2019 (2018: £nil). 

The effect of options and warrants for the year ended 31 December 2019 are anti-dilutive. 

A total of 24,826,500 options and warrants were outstanding at the end of the year which may become 
dilutive in future years. 

- 47 - 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10 

Property, plant and equipment 

Year ended 31 December 
2019 

Plant & 
Machinery 
£’000 

Fixtures & 
Fittings 
£’000 

Motor 
Vehicles 
£’000 

Office 
Equipment 
£’000 

Total 
£’000 

Cost 
At 1 January 2019 
Additions 
Disposals 

At 31 December 2019 

Depreciation 
At 1 January 2019 
Charge for the Year 
Disposals 

At 31 December 2019 

Net Book Value 
At 31 December 2019 

At 31 December 2018 

430 
27 
(13) 

444 

285 
31 
(3) 

313 

131 

145 

296 
- 
- 

296 

223 
30 
- 

253 

43 

73 

31 
- 
- 

31 

24 
2 
- 

26 

5 

7 

91 
23 
- 

114 

62 
13 
- 

75 

39 

29 

848 
50 
(13) 

885 

594 
76 
(3) 

667 

218 

254 

Year ended 31 December 
2018 

Plant & 
Machinery 
£’000 

Fixtures & 
Fittings 
£’000 

Motor 
Vehicles 
£’000 

Office 
Equipment 
£’000 

Total 
£’000 

Cost 
At 1 January 2018 
Additions 
Disposals 

At 31 December 2018 

Depreciation 
At 1 January 2018 
Charge for the Year 
Disposals 

At 31 December 2018 

Net Book Value 
At 31 December 2018 

At 31 December 2017 

417 
19 
(6) 

430 

256 
35 
(6) 

285 

145 

161 

291 
5 
- 

296 

194 
29 
- 

223 

73 

97 

31 
- 
- 

31 

22 
2 
- 

24 

7 

9 

104 
21 
(34) 

91 

80 
15 
(33) 

62 

29 

24 

843 
45 
(40) 

848 

552 
81 
(39) 

594 

254 

291 

- 48 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11 

Right-of-use assets 

Year ended 31 December 
2019 

Cost 
At 1 January 2019 
Additions 

At 31 December 2019 

Depreciation 
At 1 January 2019 
Charge for the Year 

At 31 December 2019 

Net Book Value 
At 31 December 2019 

At 31 December 2018 

Land & 
buildings  
£’000 

Office 
Equipment 
£’000 

Total 
£’000 

- 
707 

707 

- 
112 

112 

595 

- 

- 
56 

56 

- 
14 

14 

42 

- 

- 
763 

763 

- 
126 

126 

637 

- 

Right-of-use assets are assets used by the business under operating lease agreements and accounted 
for under IFRS 16. The resultant lease liability is included in borrowings. See note 18. 

- 49 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12 

Intangible assets 

Year ended 31 December 
2019 

Development  
costs 
£’000 

Cost 
At 1 January 2019 
Additions 

At 31 December 2019 

Amortisation 
At 1 January 2019 
Charge for the Year 

At 31 December 2019 

Impairment 
At 1 January 2019 

At 31 December 2019 

Net Book Value 
At 31 December 2019 

At 31 December 2018 

1,973 
- 

1,973 

222 
12 

234 

1,728 

1,728 

11 

23 

Trademarks 

£’000 

76 
25 

101 

20 
5 

25 

45 

45 

31 

11 

Total 

£’000 

2,049 
25 

2,074 

242 
17 

259 

1,773 

1,773 

42 

34 

Development costs are capitalised in accordance with the policy set out in note 2. In capitalising these 
costs, judgements are made relating to ongoing feasibility and commerciality of products and systems 
being developed. In making these judgements, cash flow forecasts are used and these include significant 
estimates  in  respect  to  sales  forecasts  and  future  foreign  exchange  rates.  The amortisation  charge  is 
included within administrative expenses in the statement of comprehensive income. Development costs 
include in the net book value of £11,000 (2018: £23,000) have one year of amortisation remaining as at 
31 December 2019 (2018: two years). 

Year ended 31 December 
2018 

Development  
costs 
£’000 

Trademarks 

£’000 

Cost 
At 1 January 2018 
Additions 
Disposals 

At 31 December 2018 

Amortisation 
At 1 January 2018 
Charge for the Year 
Disposals 

At 31 December 2018 

Impairment 
At 1 January 2018 

At 31 December 2018 

Net Book Value 
At 31 December 2018 

At 31 December 2017 

85 
3 
(12) 

76 

27 
5 
(12) 

20 

45 

45 

11 

13 

1,973 
- 
- 

1,973 

211 
11 
- 

222 

1,728 

1,728 

23 

34 

- 50 - 

Total 

£’000 

2,058 
3 
(12) 

2,049 

238 
16 
(12) 

242 

1,773 

1,773 

34 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13 

Subsidiary undertakings 

Name 

Country of 
incorporation 

Nature of business  

Symphony Environmental 
Limited 

England and 
Wales 

D2W Limited 

Symphony Recycling 
Technologies Limited 
Symphony Energy Limited  England  and 

England and 
Wales 
England and 
Wales 

Development and 
supply of 
environmental plastic 
additives and products  
Dormant 

Dormant  

Dormant 

Proportion 
of ordinary 
shares held 
by parent 

Proportion 
of ordinary 
shares held 
by the 
Group 

100% 

100% 

0% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

Wales 

All  of  the  above  subsidiaries  are  consolidated  in  the  Group  annual  report  and  accounts.  The  above 
companies have their registered offices at 6 Elstree Gate, Elstree Way, Borehamwood, WD6 1JD.  

14 

Inventories 

Finished goods and goods for resale 
Stock in transit 
Raw materials 

2019 
£’000 

539 
42 
301 

882 

2018 
£’000 

372 
- 
251 

623 

The cost of inventories recognised as an expense and included in ‘cost of sales’ amounted to £3,869,000 
(2018: £3,997,000).  There is a provision of £15,000 for the impairment of inventories (2018: £7,500). 

There is no collateral on the above amounts. 

15 

Trade and other receivables 

Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
VAT 
Prepayments 

2019 
£’000 

2,041 
111 
37 
146 

2018 
£’000 

1,978 
38 
58 
154 

2,335 

2,228 

The Directors consider that the carrying value of trade and other receivables approximates to their fair 
values. 

Symphony Environmental Technologies plc applies the IFRS 9 simplified approach to measuring expected 
credit  losses  (ECL)  which  uses  a  lifetime  expected  loss  allowance  for  all  trade  receivables.  The  ECL 
balance has been determined based on historical data available to management in addition to forward 
looking information utilising  management knowledge. Based  on the  analyses performed,  management 
expect that all balances will be recovered. 

Trade receivables are amounts due from customers for goods sold or services performed in the ordinary 
course of business. They are generally due for settlement within 120 days and therefore are all classified 
as  current.  The  majority  of  trade  and  other  receivables  are  non-interest  bearing.  Where  the  effect  is 
material, trade and other receivables are discounted using discount rates which reflect the relevant costs 
of financing. 

- 51 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  maximum  credit  risk  exposure  at  the  balance  sheet  date  equates  to  the  carrying  value  of  trade 
receivables. Further disclosures are set out in note 22. 

Trade receivables are secured against the facilities provided by the Group’s bankers. 

Included in trade receivables are debtors which are past due but where no provision has been made as 
there has not been a change in the credit worthiness of these debtors and the amounts are considered 
recoverable. The ageing analysis of debt taking into account credit terms is shown below. 

Days past due 

0 - 30 
£’000 

31-60 
£’000 

61-90 
£’000 

91-120 
£’000 

>120 
£’000 

Total 
Gross 
£’000 

ECL 
£’000 

Total 
Net 
£’000 

31 December 2019 

1,713 

252 

31 December 2018 

1,871 

66 

72 

39 

- 

- 

25 

2,062 

(21) 

2,041 

27 

2,003 

(25) 

1,978 

16 

Cash and cash equivalents 

  Cash at bank and in hand 
  Invoice finance facility surplus 

2019 
£’000 

1,114 
47 

1,161 

2018 
£’000 

374 
- 

374 

The carrying amount of cash equivalents approximates to their fair values.  

17 

Equity 

Group and Company 

Group 

Ordinary 
shares 
Number 

154,344,377 
15,681,900 
- 

Ordinary 
shares 
£’000 

1,543 
157 
- 

Share 
premium 
£’000 

Retained 
earnings 
£’000 

333 
1,744 
- 

123 
- 
(660) 

Total 

£’000 

1,999 
1,901 
(660) 

At 1 January 2019 
Issue of share capital 
Loss for the year 

At 31 December 2019 

170,026,277 

1,700 

2,077 

(537) 

3,240 

At 1 January 2018 
Issue of share capital 
Capital reduction 
Profit for the year 

   151,614,377 
2,730,000 
- 
- 

1,516 
27 
- 
- 

At 31 December 2018 

154,344,377 

1,543 

- 
333 
- 
- 

333 

67 
- 
8 
48 

1,583 
360 
8 
48 

123 

1,999 

During the year the Company issued 15,681,900 Ordinary Shares (2018: 2,730,000 ordinary shares) for 
a net consideration of £1,901,000 (2018: £360,000). 

Share options and warrants 

As at 31 December 2019 the Group maintained an approved share-based payment scheme for employee 
compensation. All share-based employee compensation will be settled in equity. The Group has no legal 
or  constructive  obligation  to  repurchase  or  settle  the  options.  As  at  31  December  2019  there  were 
1,225,000 approved staff options outstanding. No approved staff options were issued in 2019. 

- 52 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
              
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                              
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Group has also issued unapproved share options and warrants. The weighted average exercise price 
of all of the Group’s options and warrants are as follows: 

2019 
Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
£ 

0.07 
0.21 
0.02 
0.14 

0.09 

Number 

14,351,500 
11,750,000 
(225,000) 
(1,050,000) 

24,826,500 

           Number 

15,781,500 
1,850,000 
(2,730,000) 
(550,000) 

14,351,500 

2018 
Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
£ 

0.07 
0.16 
0.13 
0.05 

0.07 

Outstanding at 1 January 
Granted 
Exercised 
Lapsed 

Outstanding at 31 
December 

The weighted average exercise price of options exercised in 2019 was 2p (2018: 13p). 
The number of share  options  and warrants  exercisable at  31  December  2019  was 24,826,500  (2018: 
14,351,500). The weighted average exercise price of those shares exercisable was 9p (2018: 7p). 

The weighted average option and warrant contractual life is six years (2018: seven years) and the range 
of exercise prices is 4.5p to 25p (2018: 2.375p to 25p). 

Directors 

Directors' interests in shares and share incentives are contained in the Remuneration Committee Report 
on page 26. 

IFRS2 expense 

The IFRS 2 share-based payment charge for the year is £nil (2018: £8,000).  

For 2018, the Black-Scholes model was used for calculating the cost of staff options. The model inputs 
for each of the options issued were: 

Grant date 
Share price at grant date 
Exercise price 
Risk free rate 
Expected volatility 
Contractual life 

6 April 2019 
20.25p 
20.25p 
3.5% 
12.49% 
3 years 

Share prices at grant date were based on the observable market price of the Group’s share price, using 
the closing market price of the Group’s share price the day before the options were granted. Volatility was 
based on the Company’s share price data over a previous 15 month period. 

- 53 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
           
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18 

Borrowings 

Non-current 
Leases 

Current 
Bank overdraft 
Other loans 
Leases  

Total 

2019 
£’000 

509 

283 
- 
122 

405 

914 

2018 
£’000 

- 

- 
454 
- 

454 

454 

Other loans include relate to an amount due relating to the invoice financing facility totalling £nil (2018: 
£454,000). The invoice finance facility was not utilised as at 31 December 2019. Interest is charged at 
2.20% over HSBC Bank plc base rate per annum.  

Bank overdrafts are offset against cash surplus’ with the net position having to remain above zero. The 
above overdraft relates to US Dollars and kept for hedging purposes as at the year end. Interest is charged 
on overdrafts at 5% above the host countries currency base rate. 

The bank overdraft and invoice finance facility are secured by a fixed and floating charge over the Group’s 
assets. 

Leases – IFRS 16 

IFRS 16 requires lessees to account for leases ‘on-balance sheet’ by recognising a ‘right-of-use’ asset 
together with its respective lease liability. The date of initial application by the Group was 1 January 2019. 
The  Group  used  the  modified  retrospective  method  and  has  therefore  only  recognised  leases  on  the 
balance  sheet  as  at  1  January  2019.  In  addition,  the  measurement  of  right-of-use  assets  has  been 
calculated by reference to the lease liability as at 1 January 2019 which ensured that there was no material 
impact to net assets as at that date. 

The value of recognised ‘right-of-use asset’ as at 1 January 2019 was £763,000.  

Reconciliation of transition to IFRS 16 

Operating lease commitments stated as at 31 December 2018 (Note 20 b) 
Effect of discounting (at incremental borrowing rate as at 1 January 2019) 

Lease liabilities as at 1 January 2019  

Other costs on creation of right-of-use assets 

Right-of-asset cost addition as at 1 January 2019 (note 11) 

The Group’s leasing activities are detailed in the table below: 

£’000 

860 
(112) 

748 

15 

763 

Right-of-use asset 

Head office 
Office equipment 

Number of assets 
leased 

Remaining term 

1 
2 

5 – 6 years 
2 – 3 years 

The weighted average discount rate on initial application was 4.3%. 

None of the above leases has a remaining option extension, option to purchase or termination option. 
Under the terms of the lease, the Head office rent is to be re-negotiated during 2020 with reference to 
current market rentals.  

- 54 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The maturity of lease liabilities are as follows: 

No later than one year 
Later than one year and no later than five years 

During the year the Group had no other leases other than those included above.  

The following lease payments were made during the year: 

Lease capital 
Lease interest 

Total cash outflows 

Reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities 

For the year ended 31 December 2019 

2019 
£’000 

2018 
£’000 

122 
509 

631 

- 
- 

- 

2019 
£’000 

2018 
£’000 

132 
32 

164 

- 
- 

- 

  Working capital facility 
  Bank overdraft 
  Leases  
  Issue of shares 

1 January 
2019 
£’000 
454 
- 
-  
1,876 

Cash flows 
£’000 
(454) 
283 
(117) 
1,901 

 Non-cash 
changes 
£’000 
- 
- 
748 
- 

31 
December 
2019 
£’000 
- 
283 
631 
3,777 

Total liabilities from financing activities  

2,330 

1,613 

748 

4,691 

For the year ended 31 December 2018 

Working capital facility 
Movement in finance lease liability  
Issue of shares 

1 January 
2018 
£’000 
- 
2  
1,516 

Cash flows 
£’000 
454 
(2) 
360 

 Non-cash 
changes 
£’000 

31 
December 
2018 
£’000 

-    
- 
- 

454  
- 
1,876 

Total liabilities from financing activities  

1,518 

812 

- 

2,330 

- 55 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19 

Trade and other payables 

Current 

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost: 

Trade payables 
Other payables 
Social security and other taxes 
Accruals 

2019 
£’000 

2018 
£’000 

880 
14 
55 
172 

906 
5 
58 
91 

1,121 

1,060 

Trade payables and accruals principally comprise amounts outstanding for trade purchases and ongoing 
costs. The average credit period taken for trade purchases is 69 days (2018: 64 days). The Group has 
financial risk management  policies in place  to  ensure  that  all payables  are  paid within  the  pre-agreed 
credit terms. 

The Directors consider that the carrying value of trade and other payables approximate to their fair value. 

20 

Commitments and contingencies 

a)  Capital commitments 

The Group had capital commitments totalling £nil at the end of the year (2018: £nil).  

b)  Operating lease commitments 

The future aggregate minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases are as follows: 

No later than one year 
Later than one year and no later than five years 
Greater than five years 

2019 
£’000 

2018 
£’000 

- 
- 
- 

- 

149 
579 
132 

860 

Under IFRS16, from 1 January 2019 operating lease commitments are included within leases in note 18. 

c)  Contingent liabilities 

The Group had contingent liabilities totalling of £nil at the end of the year (2018: £nil). 

21 

Related party transactions  

Included  in  other  receivables  is  an  amount  of  £nil  (2018:  £1,000)  owed  by  The  Oxo–Biodegradable 
Plastics Association, a not for profit company limited by guarantee, in which Symphony Environmental 
Technologies plc is a person of significant control. The amount of £nil (2018: £1,000) is unsecured and 
settlement will be in cash. 

- 56 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22          Financial Instruments  

Classification and measurement 

The  Group’s  financial  assets  and  liabilities,  which  are  all  held  at  amortised  cost,  are  summarised  as 
follows: 

Financial assets: 
Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Financial liabilities: 
Trade payables 
Other payables 
Accruals  
Bank overdraft 
Other loans 
Leases  

Risk management 

2019 
£’000 

2,041 
124 
1,161 

3,326 

880 
14 
172 
283 
- 
631 

2018 
£’000 

1,978 
38 
374 

2,390 

906 
5 
91 
- 
454 
- 

1,980 

1,456 

The main risks arising from the Group's financial instruments are liquidity risk, interest rate risk, currency 
risk and credit risk.  The Directors review and agree policies for managing each of these risks and they 
are summarised below.  These policies have remained unchanged from previous years.  

Liquidity risk 

The Group seeks to manage financial risk to ensure financial liquidity is available to meet foreseeable 
needs and to invest cash assets safely and profitability. Short term flexibility is achieved through trade 
finance arrangements and overdrafts. 
Having reviewed the maturity of financial liabilities and the forecast cash flows for the forthcoming twelve 
month period, the Directors believe that sufficient cash will be generated from trading operations to meet 
debt obligations as they fall due.  

The maturity of financial liabilities as at 31 December 2019 is summarised as follows: 

Gross cash flows: 

Zero to sixty days 
Sixty one days to three months 
Four months to six months 
Seven months to one year 
Two to three years 
Four to five years 

  Trade and 
other 
payables 
and 
accruals 
£’000 

Leases 

Bank 
overdraft
& other 
loans  

Total 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

1,066 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

1,066 

20 
10 
30 
61 
240 
270 

631 

283 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

283 

1,369 
10 
30 
61 
240 
270 

1,980 

- 57 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The maturity of financial liabilities as at 31 December 2018 is summarised as follows: 

Gross cash flows: 

Zero to sixty days 

Interest rate risk  

Trade 
and other 
payables 
and 
accruals  
£’000 

1,002 

1,002 

Leases 
(right-of-
use 
assets) 

Bank 
overdraft
& other 
loans  

Total 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

- 

- 

454 

454 

1,456 

1,456 

The Group seeks to reduce its exposure to interest rate risk where possible, but this is offset by the 
availability of trade finance arrangements which are transaction specific to meet liquidity needs and so 
have variable interest rate terms.  

Sensitivities have been looked at in the range of an absolute rate increase of 5% or a decrease of 1% 
which enable an objective calculation to be made depending on any interest rate changes in the future. 
Any rate changes would be outside the control of the Group. 

The Group’s exposure to interest rate risk as at 31 December 2019 is summarised as follows: 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade receivables 
Other debtors 

Trade payables 
Other payables 
Leases  
Other loans 

Sensitivity: increase in interest rates of 5% 
Sensitivity: decrease in interest rates of 1% 

Fixed 
£’000 

Variable 
£’000 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(631) 
- 

(631) 

1,161 
- 
- 
1,161 
- 
- 
- 
(283) 

878 
44 
(8) 

Zero 
£’000 

- 
2,041 
124 
2,165 
(879) 
(14) 
- 
- 

1,272 

The Group’s exposure to interest rate risk as at 31 December 2018 is summarised as follows: 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade receivables 
Other debtors 

Trade payables 
Other payables 
Other loans 

Sensitivity: increase in interest rates of 5% 
Sensitivity: decrease in interest rates of 1% 

Fixed  Variable 
£’000 
£’000 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

374 
- 
- 
374 
- 
- 
(454) 

(80) 
(4) 
1 

Zero 
£’000 

- 
1,978 
38 
2,016 
(906) 
(5) 
- 

1,105 

Sensitivity shows the effect on equity and statement of comprehensive income. 

Total 
£’000 

1,161 
2,041 
124 
3,326 
(879) 
(14) 
(631) 
(283) 

1,519 
44 
(8) 

Total 
£’000 

374 
1,978 
38 
2,390 
(906) 
(5) 
(454) 

1,025 
(4) 
1 

- 58 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency risk 

The Group operates in overseas markets and is subject to currency exposure on transactions undertaken 
during the year.  The Group hedges the transactions where possible by buying goods and selling them in 
the same currency. The Group also has bank facilities available for hedging purposes. 

A summary of foreign currency financial assets and liabilities as stated in the statement of financial position 
together  with  a  sensitivity  analysis  showing  the  effect  of  a  10%  change  in  rate  with  Sterling  is  shown 
below: 

Currency  

Financial assets 
Financial liabilities 
Net balance 

Effect of 10% Sterling increase 
Effect of 10% Sterling decrease 

Financial assets 
Financial liabilities 
Net balance 

Effect of 10% Sterling increase 
Effect of 10% Sterling decrease 

Euro 
Euro 
Euro 

USD 
USD 
USD 

Sterling 
balance  
2019 
£’000 
214 
(75) 
139 

Currency 
balance 
2019 
’000 
241 
(87) 
€154 

1,783 
(311) 
1,472 

(16) 
21 

$2,304 
$(401) 
$1,903 

(133) 
163 

Currency 
balance 
2018 
’000 
€557 
€(241) 
€316 

$2,238 
$(1,134) 
$1,104 

Sterling 
balance  
2018 
£’000 
500 
(216) 
284 

(26) 
32 

1,754 
(888) 
866 

(79) 
96 

Sensitivity shows the effect on equity and statement of comprehensive income. A 10% change is shown 
to enable an objective calculation to be made on exchange rates which may be assumed for the future. 

As at 31 December 2019 the Group had outstanding forward foreign currency contacts which all matured 
within five months of the year end and committed the Group to selling US Dollars 1,250,000 and to receive 
a fixed Sterling amount (2018: the Group had no outstanding forward contracts as at the year-end  

The  forward  currency  contracts  are  measured  at  fair  value,  which  is  determined  using  the  valuation 
techniques that utilise observable inputs. The key inputs used in valuing the derivatives are the forward 
exchange rates for USD:GBP. The fair value of the forward-foreign currency contracts at 31 December 
2019 is profit £45,000 (2018: £nil).   

Credit risk 

The Group’s exposure to credit risk is limited to the carrying value of financial assets at the balance sheet 
date, summarised as follows: 

Loans and receivables: 
  Trade receivables 
  Other receivables 
  Cash and cash equivalents 

2019 
£’000 

2,041 
124 
1,161 

3,326 

2018 
£’000 

1,978 
38 
374 

2,390 

The credit risk associated with the cash is limited as the counterparties have high credit ratings assigned 
by international credit-rating agencies. The principal credit risk arises therefore from trade receivables.  
The seven largest customer balances at the end of the year make up 74% (2018: 65%) of the above trade 
receivables. 

In order to manage credit risk, the Directors set limits for customers based on a combination of payment 
history, third party credit references and use of credit insurance. These limits are reviewed regularly. The 
maturity of overdue debts and details of impairments and amounts written off are set out in note 15.  

- 59 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital requirements and management 

Interest bearing loans and borrowings are monitored regularly to ensure the Group has sufficient liquidity 
and its exposure to interest rate risk is mitigated. Management consider the capital of the Group comprises 
the share capital as detailed in note 17 and interest bearing loans and borrowings as detailed in note 18. 
The  Company  satisfies  the  Companies  Act  2006  requirement  to  hold  £50,000  issued  share  capital  of 
which at least 25% is paid up. See note 17. 

The Group’s capital management objectives are: 

• 
• 

to ensure the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern; and 
to provide an adequate return to shareholders 

The Group monitors capital on the basis of the gearing ratio calculated as net debt divided by total capital. 
Net debt is calculated as total borrowings as shown in the consolidated statement of financial position less 
cash and cash equivalents.  Total capital is calculated as equity as shown in the consolidated statement 
of financial position plus net debt. 

The Group's goal in capital management is to maintain an optimal gearing ratio (the ratio of net debt over 
debt plus equity). 

The Group manages the capital structure and makes adjustments to it in the light of changes in economic 
conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital 
structure,  the  Group  may  adjust  the  amount  of  dividends  paid  to  shareholders,  return  capital  to 
shareholders, issue new shares, or sell assets to reduce debt. 

The gearing ratios at 31 December 2019 and 2018 were as follows:  

Total borrowings 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Net (cash surplus)/debt 

Total equity 
Borrowings 

Overall financing 

Gearing ratio 

2019 
£’000 

914 
(1,161) 

(247) 

3,240 
914 

4,154 

nil% 

2018 
£’000 

454 
(374) 

80 

1,999 
80 

2,079 

4% 

The gearing ratios are in line with the management’s working capital financing strategy. 

23 

Post balance sheet events 

Following the year end, the Group has seen uncertainty that has come with the global outbreak of the 
coronavirus, albeit the pandemic has so far had little negative impact on the Group. As this uncertainty 
emerged  only  after  the  year  end,  the  Directors’  view  is  that  any  significant  impacts  or  changes  are 
considered to be a non-adjusting event in relation to these accounts. 

The Directors are, and will continue to monitor the impacts of the current coronavirus results on the Group 
and Company, but as at the date of signing the accounts, do not believe there have been any significant 
impacts that require disclosure. 

The following pages contain the financial statements for the parent company, prepared in accordance 
with the Financial Reporting Standard 101, 'Reduced Disclosure Framework’ (‘FRS 101’) 

- 60 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Company statement of financial position 
at 31 December 2019 

Company number 03676824 

Fixed assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Investments 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Trade and other payables: amounts falling 
due within one year 

Net current assets 

Net assets 

Equity 
Share capital 
Share premium account 
Retained earnings 

Note 

25 
26 

27 

28 

30 

2019 
£’000 

- 
1,150 

1,150 

3,801 
738 

4,539 

66 

4,473 

5,623 

1,700 
2,077 
1,846 

5,623 

2018 
£’000 

- 
1,150 

1,150 

2,352 
5 

2,357 

110 

2,247 

3,397 

1,543 
333 
1,521 

3,397 

The Company has applied the exemption under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 not to present a 
statement of comprehensive income for the year ended 31 December 2019.   

The profit after tax for the financial year 2019 within the annual report and accounts of the Company was 
£325,000 (2018: £383,000). 

These annual report and accounts were approved by the Directors on 22 May 2020 and are signed on 
their behalf by: 

I Bristow FCCA 
Chief Financial Officer 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these annual report and accounts. 

- 61 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company statement of changes in equity 
for the year ended 31 December 2019 

For the year to 31 December 
2019 
Balance at 1 January 2019 

Issue of share capital 
Transactions with owners 

Total comprehensive income for 
the year 

Share 
capital 
£’000 

Share 
premium 
£’000 

Retained 
earnings 
£’000 

Total 
equity 
£’000 

1,543 

333 

1,521 

3,397 

157 
157 

- 

1,744 
1,744 

- 
- 

1,901 
1,901 

- 

325 

325 

Balance at 31 December 2019 

1,700 

2,077 

1,846 

5,623 

For the year to 31 December 
2018 
Balance at 1 January 2018 

Issue of share capital 
Share-based payments 

Transactions with owners 

Total comprehensive income for 
the year 

1,516 

27 
- 

27 

- 

Balance at 31 December 2018 

1,543 

- 

333 
- 

333 

- 

333 

1,130 

2,646 

- 
8 

8 

383 

360 
8 

368 

383 

1,521 

3,397 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of these annual report and accounts. 

- 62 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Company statement of financial position 

24 

Basis of preparation and significant accounting policies 

Basis of preparation 

Symphony  Environmental  Technologies  plc  ("The  Company"),  is  a  public  limited  company.  It  is 
incorporated and domiciled in England (Company number 03676824). The address of its registered office 
is 6 Elstree Gate, Elstree Way, Borehamwood, Hertfordshire, WD6 1JD, England. The Company’s shares 
are listed on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange.  

The principal activity  of the  Company is to hold investments in subsidiaries which develop  and supply 
environmental plastic additives and products, and develop waste to value systems. 

The  individual  annual  report  and  accounts  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  United  Kingdom 
accounting  standards,  including  Financial Reporting  Standard  101  – ‘Reduced  Disclosure  Framework: 
Disclosure exemptions from EU-adopted IFRS for qualifying entities’ (‘FRS 101’), and with the Companies 
Act 2006.  This separate annual report and accounts have been prepared on a going concern basis, under 
the historical cost basis, as modified by the recognition of certain financial assets and liabilities measured 
at fair value. 

Financial reporting standard 101 - reduced disclosure exemptions 

The Company has taken advantage of the following disclosure exemptions under FRS 101: 

• 
• 
• 
• 

• 
• 
• 
• 

• 

• 
• 

• 

the requirements of IAS 7 Statement of Cash Flows 
the requirements of IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures 
the requirements of paragraphs 91-99 of IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement 
the  requirement  in  paragraph  38  of  IAS  1  'Presentation  of  Financial  Statements'  to  present 
comparative information in respect of: 
paragraph 79(a)(iv) of IAS 1; 
paragraph 73(e) of IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment; 
paragraph 118(e) of IAS 38 Intangible Assets; 
the requirements of paragraphs 10(d), 10(f), 16, 38A, 38B, 38C, 38D, 40A, 40B, 40C, 40D, 111 
and 134-136 of IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements 
the requirements of paragraphs 30 and 31 of IAS  8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting 
Estimates and Errors 
the requirements of paragraph 17 of IAS 24 Related Party Disclosures 
the  requirements  in  IAS  24  Related  Party  Disclosures  to  disclose  related  party  transactions 
entered into between two or more members of a group, provided that any subsidiary which is a 
party to the transaction is wholly owned by such a member 
the requirements of paragraphs 134(d)-134(f) and 135(c)-135(e) of IAS 36 Impairment of Assets. 

The Company has taken advantage of section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and has not included its 
own statement of comprehensive income in these annual report and accounts.  

The annual report and accounts are presented in Sterling, the functional and presentational currency of 
the Company and are expressed in round thousands unless otherwise stated (£'000s). 

New standards and interpretations have been issued but are not expected to have a material impact on 
the Company's annual report and accounts.  

Property, plant and equipment 

Tangible fixed assets are stated at cost, net of depreciation and any provision for impairment. 

Depreciation is calculated so as to write off the cost of an asset, less its estimated residual value, over 
the useful economic life of that asset as follows: 

Motor vehicles 

- 

25% reducing balance. 

Taxation 

Current tax is the tax currently payable based on taxable profit for the year. 

- 63 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred income taxes are calculated using the liability method on temporary differences.  Deferred tax is 
generally provided on the difference between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax 
bases. Tax losses available to be carried forward as well as other income tax credits to the Company are 
assessed for recognition as deferred tax assets, insofar as the Company is entitled to UK tax credits on 
qualifying  research  and  development  expenditure,  such  amounts  are  presented  in  the  income  tax  line 
within statement of comprehensive income.  

Deferred tax liabilities are provided in full, with no discounting.  Deferred tax assets are recognised to the 
extent  that  it  is  probable  that  the  underlying  deductible  temporary  differences  will  be  able  to  be  offset 
against future taxable income.  Current and deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated at tax rates 
that  are  expected  to  apply  to  their  respective  period  of  realisation,  provided  they  are  enacted  or 
substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. 

Changes in deferred tax assets or liabilities are recognised as a component of tax expense in profit or loss, 
except where they either relate to items that are charged or credited directly to equity in which case the 
related deferred tax is also charged or credited directly to equity, or where they relate to items charged or 
credited in other comprehensive income the deferred tax change is recognised in other comprehensive 
income. 

Foreign currencies 

Monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated into Sterling at the rates of exchange 
ruling at the balance sheet date. Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into Sterling at the rate 
of exchange ruling at the date of the transaction. Exchange differences are taken into account in arriving 
at the operating profit. 

Investments - Company 

Investments in subsidiaries are accounted for at cost less impairment in the individual annual report and 
accounts. 

Impairment of assets 

At each reporting date fixed assets are reviewed to determine whether there is any indication that those 
assets have suffered an impairment loss.  If there is an indication of possible impairment, the recoverable 
amount  of  any  affected  asset  is  estimated  and  compared  with  its  carrying  amount.    If  estimated 
recoverable amount is lower, the carrying amount is reduced to its estimated recoverable amount, and an 
impairment loss is charged immediately to statement of comprehensive income. 

If an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carry amount of the asset is increased to the revised 
estimate of its recoverable amount, but not in excess of the amount that would have been determined had 
no  impairment  loss  been  recognised  for  the  asset in prior  years.   A  reversal  of  an  impairment  loss  is 
recognised immediately in statement of comprehensive income. 

Financial instruments 

Financial  liabilities  and equity  instruments  are  classified according  to  the substance  of  the  contractual 
arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the 
assets of the entity after deducting all of its financial liabilities. 

Where the contractual obligations of the financial instruments (including share capital) are equivalent to a 
similar debt instrument, those financial instruments are classified as financial liabilities. Financial liabilities 
are presented as such in the balance sheet. Finance costs are calculated so as to produce a constant 
rate of return on the outstanding liability. 

Where the contractual terms of share capital do not have any terms meeting the definition of a financial 
liability  then  this  is  classified  as  an  equity  instrument.  Dividends  and  distributions  relating  to  equity 
instruments are debited direct to equity. 

Equity-settled share-based payments 

Warrants and options granted to employees which relate to salary sacrifices of employees employed by 
this company are attributed a fair value by reference to the services provided. This fair value is charged 
to  statement  of  comprehensive  income  over  the  vesting  period  when  the  service  is  provided  with  a 
corresponding credit taken to shareholders’ funds. 

- 64 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Significant judgements and estimates 

Preparation of the annual report and accounts requires management to make significant judgements and 
estimates. The items in the parent company annual report and accounts where these judgements have 
been made include: 

Judgements - impairment  

An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset's or cash generating unit's carrying 
amount exceeds its recoverable amount. To determine the recoverable amount, management estimates 
expected  future  cash flows from  each cash-generating  unit and determines a suitable discount rate in 
order to calculate the present value of those cash flows. In the process of measuring expected future cash 
flows management makes assumptions about future operating results. These assumptions relate to future 
events and circumstances.  In most cases, determining the applicable discount rate involves estimating 
the appropriate adjustment to market risk and the appropriate adjustment to asset-specific risk factors. No 
impairment has been recognised during the period. 

There are no items in the parent company annual report and accounts where estimates have been made.  

- 65 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Motor 
vehicles 

Total 

£’000 

£’000 

   14 

             14 

14 
- 

14 

- 

- 

14 

14 

14 
- 

14 

- 

- 

Shares in 
Group 
Undertaking 

Total 

£’000 

£’000 

 2,150 

2,150 

            2,150 

2,150 

1,000 

1,000 

1,000 

1,000 

1,150 

1,150 

1,150 

1,150 

25          Property, plant and equipment 

Cost 
At 1 January 2019  

At 31 December 2019 

Depreciation 
At 1 January 2019 
Charge for the year 

At 31 December 2019 

Net book value 
At 31 December 2019 

At 31 December 2018 

26 

Investments  

Cost 
At 1 January 2019  

At 31 December 2019 

Impairment 
At 1 January 2019 

At 31 December 2019 

Net book value 
At 31 December 2019 

At 31 December 2018 

Group undertakings are detailed in note 13. 

- 66 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27 

Trade and other receivables 

Amounts owed by Group undertakings 
VAT 
Prepayments 

2019 
£’000 

3,785 
6 
10 

2018 
£’000 

2,331 
12 
9 

3,801 

2,352 

The Directors consider that the carrying value of amounts owed by Group undertakings approximate to 
their fair values. Included in the amounts owed by Group undertakings is an adjustment for expected credit 
losses of £3,394,000 (2018: £3,394,000).  

The Company applies the IFRS 9 simplified approach to measuring expected credit losses (ECL) which 
uses a lifetime expected loss allowance in respect to amounts owed by Group undertakings. The ECL 
balance has been determined based on historical data available to management in addition to forward 
looking information utilising management knowledge. Based on the analysis performed there has been 
no material impact on the transition to ECL. 

28 

Trade and other payables: amounts falling due within one year  

Trade payables 
Accruals 

29  

Contingent liabilities 

2019 
£’000 

2018 
£’000 

21 
45 

66 

69 
41 

110 

The Company has guaranteed all monies due to its bankers by Symphony Environmental Limited. At 31 
December  2019  the  net  indebtedness  of  this  company  amounted  to  £283,000  (2018:  £454,000l).  The 
Company has guaranteed the lease rental payable by Symphony Environmental Limited in respect to the 
Group’s head office in Borehamwood amounting to £26,000 as at 31 December 2019 (2018: £132,000). 

30 

Share capital 

The Company’s share capital is detailed in note 17 of the Group consolidated accounts. 

31 

Directors and employees 

All  employees  of  Symphony  Environmental  Technologies  plc  are  Directors.  See  note  6  of  the  Group 
consolidated accounts.  

The average number of staff employed by the Company during the financial year amounted to: 

Management 

The aggregate payroll costs of the above were: 

Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Share-based payment 

2019 
    No. 

4 

2019 
£’000 

62 
3 
- 

65 

2018 
No. 

4 

2018 
£’000 

60 
10 
8 

78 

The company has taken advantage of the FRS 101 exemption that allows intra-Group transactions with a 
100% subsidiary to not be disclosed. There were no other related party transactions throughout the period. 

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32 

Post balance sheet events 

Following the year end, the Company has seen uncertainty that has come with the global outbreak of the 
coronavirus, albeit the pandemic has so far had little negative impact. As this uncertainty emerged only 
after the year end, the Directors’ view is that any significant impacts or changes are considered to be a 
non-adjusting event in relation to these accounts. 

The  Directors  are,  and  will  continue  to  monitor  the  impacts  of  the  current  coronavirus  results  on  the 
Company,  but  as  at  the  date  of  signing  the  accounts,  do  not  believe  there  have  been  any  significant 
impacts that require disclosure. 

- 68 -