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TORM

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FY2021 Annual Report · TORM
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ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONTENTS 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

AT A GLANCE 
Strategic Framework and Highlights 
TORM at a Glance 
Letter from the Chairman and CEO 
2021 in Review 
The Product Tanker Market in 2021 
Market Drivers and Outlook 

BUSINESS MODEL AND STRATEGIC CHOICES 
Value Chain in Oil Transportation 
Our Strategic Choices 
Leading Product Tanker Owner 
The TORM Fleet 
Solid Capital Structure 
Greener Future With Zero Carbon Emission Ambition 
Optimizing Performance Now 
Long Term Decarbonization 
Superior Operating Platform 
Integration of 11 Second-Hand Vessels 

OUR RESPONSIBILITY 
Responsibility Report 
Stakeholder Engagement and Materiality 
Health, Safety, and Security 
Environmental Efforts 
People 
Human Rights and Business Ethics 
Community 
Responsible Procurement 
SASB Index and Responsibility Data 

REVIEW & RISK 
Financial Review 2021 
Risk Management 

4 
6 
8 
9 
11 
14 

17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
26 
28 
30 

32 
35 
37 
40 
41 
44 
45 
47 
48 

55 
65 

GOVERNANCE 

GOVERNANCE INTRODUCTION 
Chairman’s Introduction 

GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE 
TORM’s Governance Structure 
Board of Directors 
Board and Committee Meeting Attendance 
Board Activities 

COMMITTEE REPORTS 
Audit Committee Report 
Risk Committee Report 
Nomination Committee Report 
Remuneration Committee Report 

OTHER 
Investor Information 
Engagement and Decision Making 
Directors’ Report 
Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 
Safe Habor Statement 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Consolidated Income Statement 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 
Consolidated Balance Sheet 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 
Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 
Notes Consolidated 

PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Parent Company 2021 
Balance Sheet 
Changes in Equity 
Notes to Parent Company Financial Statements 

OTHER 
Independent Auditor’s Report 
TORM Fleet Overview 
Glossary and APM 

114 
114 
115 
116 
118 
119 

157 
158 
159 
160 

164 
170 
173 

71 

73 
75 
76 
77 

79 
85 
87 
89 

100 
104 
107 
110 
112 

TORM 
Strategy 

18 

Responsibility 
Report 

Corporate 
Governance 

32 

70 

Income  
Statement 

114 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONTENTS 

2 

Contents 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
KEY FIGURES  

TCE EARNINGS (USD/DAY) 

NET PROFIT/LOSS (USDM) 

ADJUSTED ROIC (%) 

DIVIDEND/SHARE (USD) 

19,800

16,526

13,703

12,982

14,621

25,000

20,000

15,000

10,000

5,000

0

200
150
100
50
0
-50
-100

166

88

-42

2

-35

10

8

6

4

2

0

9.3

5.2

0.2

0.3

2.4

1

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

0.85

0.00

0.10

0.00

0.02

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

2021 

2020 

2019 

2018 

2017 

2021 

2020 

2019 

2018 

2017 

INCOME STATEMENT (USDM) 

Revenue 

  620  

  747  

  693  

  635  

  657  

Time charter equivalent earnings (TCE) ¹

  379  

  520  

  425  

  352  

  397  

KEY FINANCIAL FIGURES ¹

Gross margins: 

 Gross profit 

⁾

Gross profit ¹

EBITDA ¹

⁾

Operating profit/(loss) (EBIT) 

⁾

Financial items 

Profit/(loss) before tax 

Net profit/(loss) for the year 

Net profit/(loss) ex. non-recurrent items¹

BALANCE SHEET AND CASH FLOW (USDM) 

⁾

1  

139  

  206  

-42  

 -41  

-42  

-36  

-49  

  90  

  88  

122  

-39  

167  

166  

51  

  3  

-36  

-33  

-35  

 -31  

158  

  40  

-36  

  3  

  2  

  3  

Return on Equity (RoE) 

Return on Invested Capital (RoIC) 

Adjusted RoIC 

Equity ratio 

TCE per day (USD) 

OPEX per day (USD) 

30.4% 

45.6% 

36.4% 

26.6% 

30.4% 

22.1% 

36.4% 

29.2% 

19.1% 

24.0% 

-4.1% 

0.0% 

0.2% 

8.7% 

7.8% 

9.3% 

17.9% 

-4.3% 

12.6% 

5.2% 

0.1% 

0.3% 

6.1% 

0.3% 

2.8% 

2.4% 

45.1% 

50.9% 

50.3% 

49.4% 

48.0% 

  13,703     19,800     16,526     12,982   14,621  

 6,633  

 6,398  

  6,371  

 6,389  

 6,673  

⁾

188  

137  

341  

  252  

169  

  200  

 EBITDA 

  272  

  202  

 121  

 Operating profit/(loss) (EBIT) 

0.2% 

18.6% 

29.7% 

0.5% 

Non-current assets 

  1,968  

  1,755  

  1,788  

  1,445  

  1,385  

Loan-to-value (LTV) ratio 

52.3% 

50.8% 

46.1% 

52.9% 

55.8% 

Total assets 

Equity 

Total liabilities 

Invested capital ¹

Net interest-bearing debt ¹

⁾
Net Asset Value (NAV) (USDm) ²

⁾

  2,331  

  1,999  

 2,004  

1,714  

  1,647  

SHARE-RELATED KEY FIGURES ¹

  1,052  

1,017  

  1,008  

  847  

791  

Basic earnings/(loss) per share (USD) 

⁾

 -0.54  

1.19  

 2.24  

 -0.48  

 0.04  

  1,279  

981  

  996  

  867  

  856  

Diluted earnings/(loss) per share (USD) 

 -0.54  

1.19  

 2.24  

 -0.48  

 0.04  

2,011  

  1,720  

  1,786  

  1,469  

  1,406  

Dividend per share (USD) 

 -  

 0.85  

  0.10  

 - 

 0.02  

  972  

713  

  786  

  627  

  620  

Net Asset Value per share (NAV/share) ²

  12.5  

  10.8  

  13.6  

11.6  

  12.8  

  1,008  

  802  

1,016  

  856  

  796  

Stock price in DKK (per share of USD 0.01)³

⁾

  51.7  

 45.0  

 74.5  

 43.9  

 53.5  

Cash and cash equivalents, incl. restricted 

⁾

cash 

Free cash flow 

172  

136  

  72  

127  

134  

-243  

 116  

 -152  

 -105  

-4  

Number of shares (mill.) ³

⁾
Number of shares, weighted average (mill.) ⁴

 ⁴

⁾

⁾

 80.7  

 74.4  

 74.4  

 73.9  

 62.0  

  78.1  

 74.3  

 74.0  

  73.1  

 62.0  

¹
²
³
⁴

 For a definition of the calculated key figures (the APMs), please refer to the glossary on pages 172-178. 
 Based on broker valuations as of 31 December, ex. charter commitments. 
⁾
 End of period. 
⁾
 Excluding treasury shares. 
⁾
⁾

⁾

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

KEY FIGURES 

3 

 Key Figures 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK  

OUR STRATEGY 
The reference product tanker company. 
Safely leading the way with environmentally responsible results. 

OUR BUSINESS MODEL 

Leading product tanker owner 

Green future with a zero emission ambition 

Financial flexibility   
and fleet growth  
TORM’s solid capital structure and 
our solid liquidity position support 
selective and efficient fleet growth, 
while returning value to our 
shareholders. 

Spot exposure 

TORM has scale in all major product 
tanker vessel classes and is actively 
managing the spot market exposure 
through charter agreements, FFAs, 
and fleet composition. 

Ambitious and ongoing 
decarbonization 
Imminent CO2 reductions for 
reaching 2030 industry target  
already in 2025. 

Zero CO2 emissions 

Long-term industry collaborations 
supporting our pledge of zero 
carbon emissions from operating 
our fleet in 2050. 

Read more on page 18 

Read more on page 19 

Read more on page 20-25 

Read more on page 26-27 

HOW WE DO IT 

Superior operating platform (One TORM) 

Integrated operations 

Optimal vessel positioning 

Safe technical management 

Commercial, technical, sale & 
purchase, and support divisions 
work towards common goals in a 
network-based organization with 
easy internal access supporting 
efficient data-based decision 
making 

TORM uses advanced data-driven 
modelling and commercial 
experience to assess customers’ 
needs and provide for optimal 
vessel positioning supporting 
superior performance. 

The highest safety standards are the 
cornerstones in our in-house 
technical operations. This is 
obtained through continued training 
and development of our +3,000 
seafarers. 

Efficiency supported by 
digitalization 
A transparent and data driven 
platform with focus on optimizing 
processes and advanced modelling 
for supporting efficient commercial 
and technical operations. 

Read more on page 28-30 

Read more on page 28-30 

Read more on page 28-30 

Read more on page 28-30 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

DIGITAL FOUNDATION

At a Glance 

AT A GLANCE 

4 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
STRATEGIC HIGHLIGHTS  

LEADING PRODUCT 
TAKNER OWNER 

GREEN FUTURE WITH A 
ZERO EMISSION AMBITION 

SUPERIOR OPERATING  
PLATFORM  

85 

Vessels in all major product tanker vessel 
classes 
Largest fleet since 1889 as per the date of this report 

  37.6% 

AER reduction compared to IMO 
baseline (2008) 

USD 

30.4% 

Gross profit margin 

  Zero 

Carbon Shipping Ambition in 2050 
TORM signed up for Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller 
Center for Zero Carbon Shipping 

0% 

ROIC 
In a highly challenged market 

52.3% 

Net LTV 
Additional capacity available for fleet growth 

USD 

210m 

Available liquidity 
Including undrawn facilities and restricted cash 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

    4 OUT 

OF 4 

Quarters in 2021 we outperformed our 
peers in our largest vessel class MR  

    0.37 

Accidents per one million 
exposure hours LTAF 
(Lost Time Accidents Frequency) 

AT A GLANCE 

5 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 
TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

AT A GLANCE 
AT A GLANCE 

6 
6 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Despite a year with challenging 
markets, TORM once again 
demonstrated its superior platform 
by commercially outperforming peers 
in the MR vessel class in all four 
quarters of 2021. Further, TORM 
managed to expand its fleet to the 
largest in the history of the company, 
while keeping a strong focus on 
imminent CO2 reductions and long-
term decarbonization collaborations. 

Christopher H. Boehringer, 
Chairman of the Board 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 
TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

2021 HIGHLIGHTS 
AT A GLANCE 

7 

7 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LETTER FROM THE CHAIRMAN AND CEO  
TORM IS ON TRACK ON ALL STRATEGIC AMBITIONS 

In 2021, the product tanker market showed low 
demand for product tanker services due to COVID-19 
which inevitably affected the industry’s earnings.  

SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 
Running a fully integrated One TORM platform is a very 
deliberate strategic choice made by TORM. We 
continuously benchmark our performance against 
peers to make sure that our business model is always 
optimized. Once again, we are pleased that 2021 was 
also a year where TORM demonstrated outstanding 
commercial performance while keeping a steady hand 
on operations in challenging markets.  

PREPARATIONS FOR A GREENER FUTURE 
The Board of Directors has a strong focus on TORM’s 
exposure to environmental, social, and governmental 
risks and opportunities. In 2021, the Board of Directors 
identified a number of indicators which could change 
the fundamentals of the product tanker market.  

To prepare for the future, the Board of Directors has 
been working with various topics together with TORM’s 
Management. Focus has been on long-term challenges 
such as future fuels and next generation tanker vessels, 
but also on more near-term potential challenges, such 
as the access to capital markets. Investors and banks 
are becoming more selective, and they require a high 
level of transparency and that companies are prepared 
to meet relevant industry ESG requirements.  

We are very confident that TORM is in a good position, 
and therefore, we have decided to accelerate our 
environmental efforts and have set a target to deliver 
on IMO’s CO2 reduction target by 2025 – instead of 
2030 (AER reduction compared to IMO baseline 
(2008). Further, we will actively participate in the 
strongest coalitions to achieve our ambition of no 
emissions from operating our fleet by 2050. TORM is 
determined to take responsibility for and create a 
greener future. 

-40% 

CO2 reduction target by 2025 

LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER 
Despite operating in a challenging market in 2021, 
TORM managed to increase its fleet to the largest in 
TORM’s history. The Team Tanker transaction was 
financed partly through issuance of new shares, 
contributing to our maintenance of a robust capital 
structure. The access to capital markets is diverse, as 
attractive terms have been obtained in both the bank 
and leasing markets. TORM is prepared for the 
opportunities arising in the years to come. 

100% 

Outperformance of all peers on 
Adjusted Return on Invested Capital 
(ROIC) 

In 2021, TORM’s integrated platform delivered strong 
results in a challenged market. Once again, we have 
shown the ability to perform amongst the strongest in 
the product tanker market, and we believe that TORM 
is well positioned to deliver market leading value to its 
shareholders also in the coming years. 

Christopher H. Boehringer, Chairman of the Board 

Jacob Meldgaard, Executive Director 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

2021 HIGHLIGHTS 

8 

2021 Highlights 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2021 IN REVIEW 

January 

March 

  May 

  June 

TRIBUTE TO THE 
PHILIPPINES 
TORM took delivery of a second-
hand MR product tanker vessel, and 
to pay tribute to our Philippine 
seafarers, the vessel was named 
TORM Philippines. 

EIGHT VESSELS WITH 
CHEMICAL CAPABILITIES 
ADDED 
TORM purchased eight 2007-2012 
built MR product tanker vessels 
from Team Tankers in a combined 
cash and share based transaction. 
Six of the vessels provided TORM 
with enhanced trading flexibility 
through chemical trading 
capabilities. 

TORM SEAFARERS GOT 
THEIR FIRST VACCINES 
TORM seafarers were among the 
first to receive COVID-19 vaccines 
onboard vessels calling ports in 
the US. 

THREE MODERN LR2 
VESSELS ADDED 
TORM took delivery of the first of 
three 2015-built scrubber-fitted 
LR2 vessels from Okeanis. 
The transaction supported our 
strategy to increase exposure in 
the LR2 vessel class. 

Read more on page 30 

Read more on page 30 

Full Year 

  Full Year 

  Full Year 

YET ANOTHER YEAR  
OUTPERFORMING PEERS  
2021 was a year in which TORM once again 
demonstrated superior commercial performance. 
In all quarters, we outperformed our peers on TCE 
in TORM’s largest vessel class, the vessel class. 

LARGEST FLEET IN TORM HISTORY 
Despite challenging markets TORM managed to 
add eleven second-hand and one newbuilding 
vessels to the fleet during 2021 preparing TORM 
for recovering markets with the largest fleet in 
TORM’s history. 

DIVERSIFIED FUNDING OBTAINED 
TORM raised a total of USD 549m in financing 
and refinancing transactions in a combination of 
bank and sale and leaseback financing. 
Throughout the year, we demonstrated that we 
have access to attractive funding in various 
markets. 

Read more on page 55 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

2021 HIGHLIGHTS 

9 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2021 IN REVIEW 

October 

November 

  December 

  December 

WELL AT TORM – OUR 
WELLNESS PROGRAM 
Our wellness program promoting 
and encouraging physical and 
mental wellbeing celebrated its first 
anniversary. 

FLETTNER ROTORS 
Through our joint venture with ME 
Production and GSI, we have 
decided to test the potential of 
modern Flettner Rotors – to be 
installed on TORM Houston and 
TORM Helene – with expected 
energy savings of 5-7%. 

LR2 NEWBUILDING 
DELIVERED  
The scrubber-fitted newbuilding 
TORM Helene was delivered and is 
ready to be fitted with two 
Flettner Rotors. In 2021, a total of 
USD 320m was invested in fixed 
assets. 

TORM JOINED MÆRSK  
MC-KINNEY MØLLER 
CENTER FOR ZERO CARBON 
SHIPPING 
TORM became a mission 
ambassador in efforts to achieve 
zero carbon emissions from 
operating our fleet in 2050. 

Read more on page 42 

Read more on page 25 

Read more on page 30 

Read more on page 26 

Full Year 

  Full Year 

CO2 REDUCTION 
Already in 2025, TORM aims to reach IMO’s 2030 
target of reducing emissions by 40%, and we will 
be even more ambitious for 2030. In 2021, we 
managed to reduce our Annual Efficiency Ratio 
(AER) by 37.6% compared to the IMO baseline 
(2008). 

Read more on page 22-27 

VACCINATION DRIVES  
Thanks to the extraordinary and very 
professional efforts of our crew members, we 
managed to vaccinate more than 1,100 seafarers 
against COVID-19 in harbors around the world 
supporting our efforts to secure optimal 
operations. 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

2021 HIGHLIGHTS 

10 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
THE PRODUCT TANKER MARKET IN 2021  

The stock draws which prevailed throughout 2021 kept product tanker freight rates depressed, despite improving underlying oil demand and 
positive developments on the tonnage supply side. Looking ahead, the product tanker market is supported by positive demand trends and limited 
supply growth. 

2021 PRODUCT TANKER MARKET  
2021 continued to see generally weak market 
conditions, affected by temporary disruptions on the 
global oil demand recovery path, a weak crude tanker 
market, and continued oil stock draws which were 
aggravated by supply tightness.  

OIL DEMAND RECOVERY DESPITE COVID-19 
OUTBREAKS 
At the start of 2021, increasing COVID-19 cases led to 
new countermeasures in Europe in particular, 
temporarily derailing global oil demand recovery. This 
was further aggravated by the OPEC+ decision to 
postpone scheduled production increases and leave 
output quotas unchanged for the first four months of 
the year. In addition, Saudi Arabia voluntarily cut its 
production by an additional 1m b/d in February-April 
2021, worsening the woes of the crude tanker market. 

In the second quarter of 2021, the emergence of the 
more transmissible Delta virus variant, which was first 
identified in India and spread quickly to the rest of the 
world, led to new lockdowns in several Asian countries 
where vaccination rates remained low. This resulted in 
Southeast Asian clean product imports dropping by 
approximately 20% quarter-on-quarter (and year-on-

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

year) in the third quarter of 2021, to a multi-year low 
level.  

At the same time, successful rollouts of vaccination 
programs in Europe and the US allowed countries in 
the West to keep economies open despite increasing 
COVID-19 cases, resulting in significant improvements 
in demand for road transportation fuels. For example, 
US gasoline consumption climbed to pre-COVID-19 
seasonal levels by the end of 2021, up from a -13% level 
a year before. Towards the end of the year, the 

emergence of the even more transmissible Omicron 
virus variant led a few countries to re-introduce some 
restrictions, however, the impact was assessed to 
remain relatively muted, with the main effect estimated 
to be on jet fuel demand. By the end of the year, global 
oil demand was assessed for the first time since the 
COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020, to have touched the 
100m b/d mark, the average level of 2019 global oil 
demand.  

GLOBAL OIL DEMAND  
Source: WoodMackenzie 

TANKER FREIGHT RATES IN 2021 
Source: Clarksons 

Index (2019=100)

Average TCE in USD/day

105

100

95

90

85

80

30,000

25,000

20,000

15,000

10,000

5,000

0

2019 1q20 2q20 3q20 4q20 1q21

2q21 3q21 4q21

Jan Feb Mar Apr MayJun Jul AugSep Oct NovDec

LR2 Ras Tanura - Chiba
MR Average
/

LR1 Ras Tanura - Chiba

2021 HIGHLIGHTS 

11 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
THE PRODUCT TANKER MARKET IN 2021 

OIL SUPPLY LIMITED BY OPEC+ QUOTAS AND 
DISRUPTIONS 
On the oil supply side, the year was characterized by 
several disturbances. Especially the US Gulf 
experienced several extensive supply disruptions in 
2021, resulting in (temporarily) lower product exports 
from the US at the same time as imports increased. 

In February 2021, extremely cold weather in Texas led 
to around 5m b/d of US Gulf Coast refinery capacity 
taken offline at its peak. Consequently, US Gulf exports 
dropped by 22% in February-March 2021 compared to 
January 2021. However, this also led to an almost 40% 
month-on-month surge in US imports in March 2021, as 
affected refineries returned online only gradually. 
Higher need for imports supported especially the 
transatlantic trade, but also led to increased flows from 
Asia to cater for lost output in the US and the general 
West market. This supported especially the largest 
product tankers, with LR2 benchmarks reaching levels 
above USD/day 20,000 by the end of the first quarter 
of 2021. Further, the week-long blockage of the Suez 
Canal in March 2021 sent a number of vessels around 
the Cape of Good Hope, although the impact on the 
market was short-lived. 

In May 2021, the Colonial pipeline was shut for six days 
as a result of a cyber-attack, which caused a temporary 
spike in MR rates and helped to keep product flows to 
the US East Coast at elevated levels. Flows from 
Europe to the US East Coast averaged 600 kb/d in the 
second quarter of 2021, up 24% from the seasonal level 
in 2018-2019.  

In late August 2021, the US Gulf was hit by Hurricane 
Ida, which sent almost 3m b/d of US Gulf refinery 
capacity offline at its peak. This interrupted product 
flows onto the pipeline systems which supply the US 
East Coast, aggravating the already low product stock 
situation in the Atlantic market and pulling in more 
barrels from East of Suez. On the other hand, refinery 
outages led to lower US Gulf product exports in 
September-October 2021. However, in the two final 
months of 2021, US Gulf product exports experienced a 
strong recovery, supported by strong import demand 
into Latin America. 

In addition to supply disruptions in the US, China’s 
clean product exports declined significantly in the 
second half of the year, on reduced runs at smaller 
independent refineries, as the country attempted to 
curb emissions. Also, increasing power outages at the 
start of the fourth quarter of 2021 further curbed 
refinery output at some refineries, keeping a lid on 
export increases. 

US GULF CLEAN PETROLEUM PRODUCT EXPORTS 
Source: Kpler 

LONG HAUL CLEAN PETROLEUM PRODUCT TRADE 
FLOWS 
Source: Kpler 

M b/d

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0
2
-
n
a
J

0
2
-
r
a
M

0
0
0
2
2
2
-
-
-
b
r
y
p
a
e
A
M
F
Exports

0
2
-
n
u
J

0
2
-
l
u
J

‘000 b/d

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

0

East to West West to East

1
2
-
r
p
A

1
2
-
y
a
M

1
2
-
n
u
J

1
2
-
l
u
J

1
2
-
g
u
A

1
2
-
p
e
S

1
2
-
t
c
O

1
2
-
v
o
N

1
2
-
c
e
D

0
2
-
g
u
A

0
2
-
t
c
O

0
2
-
p
e
S

0
1
2
2
-
-
r
c
a
e
M
D
Exports, 4wk MA

0
2
-
v
o
N

1
2
-
b
e
F

1
2
-
n
a
J

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

2021 HIGHLIGHTS 

12 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
THE PRODUCT TANKER MARKET IN 2021  

NEGATIVE SPILL-OVER FROM THE WEAK CRUDE 
TANKER MARKET 
The crude tanker market remained weak throughout 
the year, as the slow return of OPEC+ crude oil 
production was not enough to support the market. 
OPEC crude oil exports remained almost 3m b/d below 
the levels seen in 2019. This was aggravated by 
Hurricane Ida, which knocked off 0.3m b/d of US crude 
exports in September 2021. Consequently, market 
cannibalization from newbuilt crude tankers was at an 
elevated level for most of 2021. 

CLEAN PETROLEUM PRODUCT STOCKS AT MAIN 
TRADING HUBS  
Source: EIA, Reuters 

Percentage vs 2015-2019 average

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%

-5%

-10%

OIL STOCK DRAWDOWNS TO BELOW PRE-COVID 
LEVELS 
The fact that OPEC+ production has been returning 
only gradually and there have been interruptions to the 
US crude and product supply, at the same time as 
global oil demand has continued to improve towards 
pre-COVID-19 levels, resulted in a situation where crude 
and product stocks continued to draw even after the 
COVID-19 led excess stock levels had been cleared by 
mid-year 2021. 

By the end of the year, combined clean product stocks 
in the US, the Amsterdam-Rotterdam-Antwerp (ARA) 
area and Singapore had dropped to a level 7% below 
the pre-COVID-19 seasonal average level. This posed a 
strong headwind for the general tanker market, as 
demand was supplied by local inventories instead of 
seaborne imports. The coordinated Strategic 
Petroleum Reserve (SPR) release by the US and some 
other countries towards the end of the year targeted at 
the tight supply situation marginally alleviated the 
market tightness, but the general stock draws 
throughout the year limited the need for vessel 
demand.  

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

2021 HIGHLIGHTS 

13 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
MARKET DRIVERS AND OUTLOOK 

OUTLOOK 
To support the assessment of TORM, information on 
covered days, interest-bearing bank debt, the one-year 
time charter (T/C) market and EBITDA sensitivity to 
freight rates are included in the Quarterly reporting of 
TORM.  

The most important factors affecting TORM’s earnings 
in 2022 are expected to be: 

•  Continued COVID-19 restrictions and associated 
lockdowns lowering oil demand and causing 
operational obstacles  
Speed and efficiency of COVID-19 vaccines rollout 

• 
•  Global economic growth and consumption of 

refined oil products 

•  Refinery closures and maintenance 
•  Bunker price developments 

•  Oil trading activity and developments in ton-mile 

• 
• 

trends 
Fleet growth and newbuilding ordering activity 
The impact of the war in Ukraine on the global 
economy 

One-off market-shaping events such as strikes, 
embargoes, political instability, weather conditions etc. 

In this section, we explain the market outlook, and the 
market drivers, which may affect TORM’s financial 
performance, are explained in more detail. 

TONNAGE SUPPLY  
In 2021, the global product tanker fleet grew by 2.2% in 
terms of capacity (1.5% in terms of number of the 
number of vessels), down from 2.7% in 2020.The 
slower fleet growth was mainly driven by increased 

GLOBAL PRODUCT TANKER FLEET AND ORDER BOOK 

As of 31 December 2021 

2022-2024 

Order book 

Fleet 

Delivered in 

Scrapped in 

Fleet 

Order book 

as % of end-

31.12.2020* 

2021 

2021 

31.12.2021 

for 2022-2024 

2021 fleet 

LR2 

LR1 

MR 

Handysize 

Total 

384

378

1,764

786

28

2

80

11

9

4

36

22

403

376

1,808

775

44

1

117

40

* Number differs from Annual report 2020 since TORM changed data provider from IHS Fairplay to Clarksons in 2021 

71

3,362

202

3,312

121

11%

0%

6%

5%

6%

scrapping activity. However, the effective fleet growth 
turned out higher as the LR2s migration back to clean 
trade, which started in the second quarter of 2020, 
continued for most of 2021. Consequently, the share of 
LR2s trading in the dirty market declined from 45% at 
the end of 2020 to 41% at the end of 2021.  

The number of newbuilding orders placed in 2021 was 
105 vessels, slightly above the levels seen in the 
previous three years. The MR vessels accounted for the 
majority of orders with 69 units contracted, while the 
number of LR2 vessels ordered was 21. No new orders 
for LR1s were placed. At the end of 2021, the existing 
order book for deliveries in 2022-2024 totaled 202 
units (corresponding to a record low 6.6% of the 
existing fleet, in terms of capacity), including 44 LR2 
vessels, one LR1 vessel, 117 MR vessels and 40 handy-
size vessels.  

Due to the record high ordering activity in the 
container vessels segment, ordering of product tankers 
with delivery before 2024 has become more difficult. 
This will limit the fleet growth in 2022-2023 even 
further, in addition to already record low order book 
ratio. Given the uncertainty around the requirements 
for vessel propulsion systems in the future, TORM 
expects the newbuilding ordering activity to remain 
relatively limited in the next couple of years. 

Around 3.6m dwt of product tanker capacity was 
recycled in 2021, corresponding to approximately 2.0% 
of the fleet capacity as at the end of 2020.  

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

2021 HIGHLIGHTS 

14 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MARKET DRIVERS AND OUTLOOK 

This was the highest level in 11 years, driven by 
increased scrap prices and weak freight markets. 
TORM estimates that approximately 4% of the existing 
capacity of the global fleet will be phased out or 
recycled during 2022-2024, as these vessels reach the 
typical scrapping age of 25 years or above. With a 
historically low order book and newbuilding ordering 
activity expected to be limited in the coming years, 
TORM expects the net product tanker fleet capacity to 
grow by a compound annual rate of approximately 2% 
during 2022-2024. 

On the supply side, OPEC+ continues to unwind its 
production cuts in 2022, and crude output in the US, 
Canada and Brazil is expected to see a strong growth 
as well. This together with increasing refinery runs is 
alleviating the tightness on the oil market, and supply 
growth is expected to exceed further improvements in 
demand in 2022. Not only does this mean that stock 
draws are not a headwind to the tanker market 
anymore, but the fact that stocks are below normal 
levels also indicates a need to rebuild stocks, giving an 
additional boost to the product tanker demand. 

~2% 

Expected fleet growth 2022-2024 
(CAGR) 

TONNAGE DEMAND  
Despite the temporary flare-ups of new virus variants, 
global oil demand improved during 2021, growing 5.4m 
b/d (IEA December 2021). For 2022, a further growth 
of 3.3m b/d is expected, to a pe-COVID-19 level of 
99.5m b/d (IEA December 2021). The impact of any 
potential new measures to halt the spread of the virus 
is expected to be more muted, as vaccination rates 
have increased. Consequently, demand for 
petrochemical feedstocks and road transport fuels is 
expected to continue its robust growth, while demand 
for jet fuel is not expected to reach pre-COVID-19 
levels in 2022 yet.  

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, several 
refineries mainly in oil net importing regions had 
announced closures in 2020. The same trend continued 
in 2021, and consequently 2.7m b/d of refining capacity 
mainly in Europe, Australasia, Southeast Asia, US West 
Coast and South Africa has been permanently shut 
down or is scheduled to cease operations during the 
next couple of years. In addition, another 1.1m b/d of 
capacity could potentially close down. At the same 
time, approximately 4.4m b/d of new refining capacity 
is scheduled to come online during 2021-2023. New 
capacity is mainly situated in the Middle East and China 
– the regions which are already today large exporters 
of oil products. 

Both these developments are positive for trade flows 
and ton-mile in the post-COVID-19 world. Only a few 
projects are less positive for trade, most notably the 
large-scale Dangote refinery in Nigeria, which exact 
start date is, nevertheless, still uncertain. 

~4% 

Expected ton-mile growth 2022-2024 
(CAGR) 

Subsequently, TORM expects the product tanker ton-
mile demand on main trade routes to grow by a 
compound annual rate of around 4% during 2022-
2024, driven by recovery in global oil demand from 
COVID-19 and refinery dislocation induced by recent 
refinery closure announcements. Generally, positive 
trends on the product tanker demand side combined 
with limited tonnage supply growth support a positive 
freight market development in the next three-year 
period, although market volatility is expected. 

The invasion by Russia of Ukraine and the consequent 
sanctions on Russia increased uncertainty on the 
general energy market, sending the price of crude oil to 
the highest since 2008 in early March 2022. The initial 
sanctions were not targeting the oil trade, however, the 
uncertainty and potential for re-routing of trade flows 
sent the crude tanker freight rates in the European 
market to the highest since Spring 2020, followed by 
an increase in the product tanker rates. Due to the 
continuous development and complexity of the 
situation, the impact on the tanker markets going 
forward is uncertain and volatile. 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

2021 HIGHLIGHTS 

15 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL OUTLOOK FOR 2022 

As of 20 March 2022, TORM had covered 34.3% of the 
earning days in 2022 at USD/day 17,497. 

Assuming an unchanged TCE rate of 17,497 USD/day 
for the rest of 2022 and a rate sensitivity  of +/- 1,000 
USD/day, profit before tax excluding non-recurrent 
items would amount to USD 53-96m assuming all other 
things equal. 

The COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian invasion of 
Ukraine continues to severely impact the global oil 
market and the product tanker industry leading to 
material uncertainties and lack of visibility related to 
the global demand for transportation of refined oil 
products. Accordingly, the development in the TCE 
rates going forward is highly uncertain. 

For 2022, TORM expects higher rates than 2021 (2021: 
USD 13,703/day) and to return to a net profit before 
tax (2021: loss of USD 41m). 

TORM expects to maintain a low cost base in line with 
a normalized profit before tax (PBT) break-even TCE 
rate in FY 2022 of approximately USD/day 15,000. The 
below table illustrates the PBT sensitivity per each 
increase in TCE of USD 1,000/day assuming 21,120 
open days in 2022.

PROFIT BEFORE TAX1 SENSITIVITY TO USD 1,000 / DAY TCE RATE INCREASE (ASSUMING ALL OTHER 
THINGS EQUAL) 

DISCLAIMER ON FINANCIAL 
OUTLOOK 

The purpose of this Financial Outlook for 2022 is to 

comply with reporting requirements for Companies 

listed in Denmark. Actual results may vary, and this 

information may not be accurate or appropriate for 

other purposes. Information about our financial outlook 

for 2022, including the various assumptions underlying 

it, is forward-looking and should be read in conjunction 

with the Safe Harbor Statements on page 112, and the 

related disclosure and information about various 

economic, competitive, and regulatory assumptions, 

factors, and risks that may cause our actual future 

financial and operating results to differ materially from 

what we currently expect.  

The information included this Financial Outlook for 2022 

is preliminary, unaudited and based on estimates and 

information available to us at this time. TORM has not 

finalized its financial statements for the periods 

presented. During the course of the financial statement 

closing process, TORM may identify items that would 

require it to make adjustments, which may be material 

to the information provided in this section. As 

mentioned above, the provided information constitutes 

forward-looking statements and is subject to risks and 

uncertainties, including possible adjustments to the 

Earning days 

Open days 

Coverage Ratio 

PBT effect 

1H 2022 

2H 2022 

FY 2022 

14,863 

6,466 

 61,6% 

14,948 

14,655 

7.2% 

29,810 

21,120 

34.3% 

 USD 6m 

 USD 15m 

 USD 21m 

financial outlook for 2022. 

 1 Profit before tax excluding non-recurrent items such as profit from sale of vessels, impairment losses and reversals on tangible assets, expense of capitalized bank fees at refinancing and change in provisions. 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

2021 HIGHLIGHTS 

16 

THE VALUE CHAIN IN OIL TRANSPORTATION   

The global oil industry covers a range of activities and 
processes which contribute to the transformation of 
primary petroleum resources into usable end 
products for industrial and private customers. 

The value chain begins with the identification and 
subsequent exploration of productive petroleum fields. 
The unrefined crude oil is transported from the 
production area to refinery facilities by crude oil 
tankers, pipelines, road, and rail. 

TORM is primarily involved in the transportation of 
refined oil products from the refineries to the onshore 
distributors, that transports refined oil products to the 
end user. In addition to clean products, TORM uses 
some of its vessels for the transportation of residual 
fuels from the refineries as well as crude oil directly 

from the production field to the refinery. These fuel 
types are commonly referred to as dirty petroleum 
products, as extensive cleaning of the vessel’s cargo 
tanks is required before a vessel can transport clean 
products again. In 2021, 98.6% of TORM’s turnover was 
generated from clean products transportation. 

term success of TORM further builds on the intellectual 
property of the workforce at TORM and the 
relationship and cooperation with external stakeholders 
such as oil traders, state-owned oil companies, oil 
majors, financial institutions, shipyards, brokers, and 
governmental agencies.  

TORM’s integrated operating platform with in-house 
technical and commercial management enhances the 
response to customer demands and allows TORM to 
generate value for stakeholders as well as for the 
Company. 

The long-term success of TORM is dependent on 
TORM’s ability to provide safe and reliable 
transportation services. In addition to the items 
explicitly stated in the financial statements, the long-

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR BUSINESS MODEL AND STRATEGIC CHOICES 

17 

Our Business model and strategic choices 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
OUR STRATEGIC CHOICES 

LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER 
GREENER FUTURE WITH ZERO EMISSION AMBITION 
SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 

TORM’s strategy consists of three key elements: 

Leading product tanker owner 
TORM is one of the largest and most experienced 
product tanker owners in the world and is active in all 
key product tanker vessel classes. 

TORM primarily employs its fleet in the spot market 
and with a solid capital structure, TORM has the 
strength and ambition to be at the forefront of the 
product tanker industry also in the years to come. 

Read more on pages 
19 – 21 

Greener future with a zero emission ambition 
TORM embraces its responsibility to reduce its 
environmental footprint by minimizing impact from 
exhaust gas emissions.  

TORM is actively pursuing an ambitious emission 
reduction target of minimum 40% by 2025 and 
minimum 45% by 2030 and zero emissions by 2050. 

Read more on pages 
22 – 27 

Superior operating platform 
All essential business proficiencies are integrated in 
TORM’s digital in-house technical and commercial 
platform called One TORM. The integrated nature of 
TORM’s operating platform ensures alignment of 
corporate targets and has second to none market 
responsiveness. 

Read more on pages 
28 – 31 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR BUSINESS MODEL AND STRATEGIC CHOICES 

18 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER  

LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER 
GREENER FUTURE WITH ZERO EMISSION AMBITION 
SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 

TORM is an internationally leading product tanker 
company and one of the largest owners of product 
tankers in the world.  

ACTIVE MANAGEMENT OF SPOT MARKET 
EXPOSURE 
TORM primarily employs its fleet of more than 80 
vessels in the spot market. Going into 2022, TORM had 
significant operational leverage and for positioning 
TORM to benefit from improved market conditions.  

With its presence in all large product tanker vessel 
classes, TORM is well positioned to meet its customers’ 
transport and storage requirements. TORM’s modern 
and well-maintained fleet with the majority of the 
vessels being scrubber-fitted further provides TORM 
and its customers with enhanced flexibility as well as 
reduced fuel costs. TORM’s normalized PBT break-even 
rate is approximately USD 15,000 per day. 

While TORM mainly operates in the spot market, TORM 
also enters into medium and long-term contracts when 
levels are assessed attractive. Such contracts provide 
more cash flow certainty for TORM and include i) 
charter contracts on which a specific vessel is 
chartered out to a customer for a longer period, ii) 
contracts of affreightment (CoA) which involve several 
consecutive cargoes with a customer at agreed freight 
rate levels and iii) forward freight agreements (FFA) 
which are financial instruments hedging the forward 
price for freight for a defined period. 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

Through a combination of various employment and 
coverage options as well as active fleet management, 
TORM aims to benefit from movements in freight rates 
to capitalize on market highs and minimize market 
exposure to when freight rates are low. 

From time to time, TORM will also sell vessels which no 
longer fit with our commercial strategy, or if the price 
point is deemed attractive. In 2021, TORM sold one older 
vessel (TORM Carina). 

For more information on the financial effect of TORM’s 
Spot market exposure please refer to the Financial 
Outlook on page 15. 

SELECTIVE FLEET GROWTH 
TORM seeks to selectively grow its fleet and to serve 
as a consolidator in the product tanker segment if the 
right opportunities arise at attractive values. TORM 
continuously assesses opportunities to optimize its 
fleet by acquiring attractive high-specification second-
hand product tankers or selectively pursuing 
newbuilding programs with high-quality shipyards.  

In this way, TORM serves as a consolidator while at the 
same time optimizing its invested capital to enable the 
highest possible ROIC. TORM’s scalable business 
platform is a supportive and required enabler for being a 
leading product tanker owner.  

In addition to taking delivery of one MR vessel early in 
January 2021, TORM acquired 11 second-hand vessels 
covering eight MR product tankers, six of which have 
chemical trading capabilities, and three scrubber-fitted 
LR2 vessels. In addition, TORM took delivery of one LR2 
newbuilding in 2021 and has taken delivery of the last 
LR2 newbuilding during the first quarter of 2022. 

SOLID CAPITAL STRUCTURE 
TORM’s solid capital structure balances the spot-based 
employment profile with low leverage, a strong 
liquidity position and limited off-balance sheet charter-
in commitments.  

With a continuous focus on a solid capital structure, we 
maintain our ability to act on desired investment 
opportunities, facilitating the potential for future strong 
return on invested capital. 

Read more about TORM’s capital structure 
on page 21 

NET LOAN-TO-VALUE 
Source: TORM 

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

0%

56%

53%

46%

51%

52%

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

OUR BUSINESS MODEL AND STRATEGIC CHOICES 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
THE TORM FLEET 

as of 23 March 2022 

LR2 
Long Range 2 vessels are the largest vessels in 
TORM’s fleet. They are typically employed on long 
trade routes, including naphtha transportation from 
the Middle East to the Far East and diesel from the 
eastern hemisphere into the Atlantic. 15 LR2 vessels 
are currently on the water. Since December 2020, 
two newbuildings and three second-hand vessels 
have been delivered to TORM. 

LR1 
Long Range 1 vessels are typically employed on the 
same routes as LR2 vessels, but they also have the 
flexibility to cover trades and routes which are 
traditionally dominated by the smaller MR vessels. 
A typical LR1 trade could be diesel or jet fuel from 
the Middle East to Europe. Nine LR1 vessel are 
currently on the water. 

15 

Vessels 

90-115,000 dwt

9 

Vessels 

72-75,000 dwt

MR 
Medium Range vessels are often referred to as the 
“workhorses” of the product tanker fleet. They 
cover more trade routes and, compared to the 
larger LR vessels, this vessel type has the flexibility 
to enter into more ports and cover shorter and 
coastal trades. A typical trade for MR vessels would 
be gasoline from Europe to the US East Coast.  
59 MR vessels are currently on the water. Since 
December 2020, nine second-hand vessels have 
been delivered to TORM and one older vessel has 
been sold. 

Handysize 
Handysize vessels are the smallest vessels in 
TORM’s fleet. They are involved in more varied and 
typically shorter and coastal trade routes. Typical 
trades for a Handysize vessel include transportation 
of various clean petroleum products within Europe 
and in the Mediterranean. Two Handysize vessels 
are currently on the water. 

59 

Vessels 

45-50,000 dwt

2 

Vessels 

35-37,000 dwt

LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER 
GREENER FUTURE WITH ZERO EMISSION AMBITION 
SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 

FLEET COMPOSITION 

TORM is present in all large vessel classes in 
the product tanker market with specific focus 
on the LR2, LR1 and MR vessel classes as these 
offer the greatest synergies.  

TORM’s fleet has increased from 73 vessels in 
December 2020 to 85 vessels on the water in 
March 2022. 

During 2021, TORM utilized the market 
downturn to increase the fleet at attractive 
price points, driven by a selective approach to 
fleet renewal through disposal of older 
tonnage and acquisition of modern second-
hand vessels. Further, TORM added two LR2 
newbuildings ordered in 2020 to the fleet.  

After the year-end, TORM sold TORM Emilie 
and TORM Tevere which are expected to be 
delivered to the buyers in the first half of 
2022. 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR BUSINESS MODEL AND STRATEGIC CHOICES 

20 

LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER 
GREENER FUTURE WITH ZERO EMISSION AMBITION 
SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 

IMPORTANT PILLARS OF TORM’S CAPITAL 
STRUCTURE 

SOLID CAPITAL STRUCTURE 

To support our spot-based employment profile, we 
maintain a solid capital structure with low leverage, a 
strong liquidity position, and limited off-balance sheet 
commitments.  

The solid capital structure provides us with increased 
financial flexibility which enables TORM to purchase 
newbuildings and second-hand vessels independent of 
underlying product tanker market strength. TORM 
currently has no remaining newbuilding CAPEX 
commitments. 

The purchases made in 2021 have been funded by a mix 
of traditional bank debt, issuance of shares and sale and 
leaseback structures. This illustrates TORMs strong 
access to financing. Secured bank financing remains the 
preferred source of debt funding for TORM with the 
leases providing for supplementary financing. The new 
leasing agreements are all long-term with maturity in 
2029 or later and include purchase options during and at 
the end of the contract period enhancing TORMs options 
in disrupted market scenarios.  

TORM has maintained a conservative capital structure 
over many years, and monitors capital structure related 
risks such as liquidity risk, net and gross LTV risks as well 
as debt maturity ratios.   

Liquidity risk is assessed on both short term and medium 
term. TORM’s liquidity position is stressed with all 
relevant risk parameters, such as TCE rates, interest rate 
risk, and FFA liquidity risk. TORM is constantly focused 
on being resistant to periods of liquidity draws if any of 
these risks should persist. A catalogue of liquidity 
enhancing initiatives is maintained to be able to pursue 
opportunities and have solutions to potential adverse 
market development. 

LTV risk is monitored to ensure that TORM stays in 
control of the relative debt level. Vessel values and cash 
levels are stress tested to ensure that TORM can 
withstand longer periods of declining vessel values or 
stressed TCE rates. 

TORM monitors the future debt repayment profile to 
make sure cash generation and future available cash is 
aligned with upcoming debt liabilities. 

These risks are securing TORM’s ability to maintain a solid 
capital structure, providing us with the ongoing ability to 
pursue growth and fleet maintenance opportunities.  

Over a number of years, TORM has grown the fleet as 
well as maintained a very stable average age of the fleet. 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR BUSINESS MODEL AND STRATEGIC CHOICES 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GREENER FUTURE WITH ZERO EMISSION AMBITION  

LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER 
GREENER FUTURE WITH ZERO EMISSION AMBITION 
SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 

and a 45% CO2 reduction by 2030. For the long term, 
TORM has an ambition to have zero CO2 emissions 
from operating our fleet in 2050. To support these 
goals, TORM’s Management has specific KPIs on 
achieving this trajectory, and the impact on the 
trajectory is included as decision-making criteria for 
instance when assessing fleet renewal options. 

Decarbonizing shipping  

We strive to utilize our market position and strength 
to lead the product tanker industry into a more 
environmentally friendly future and to develop 
innovative solutions for a greener future. 

It is a key priority for TORM to contribute to 
combatting the accelerating global climate change and 
to minimizing pollution of the seas and the atmosphere. 
Thus, TORM has strong focus on reducing CO2 
emissions. This is achieved through a committed focus 
on optimal performance in the short and medium term 
and industry collaboration in the long term supporting 
sustainable solutions. 

TORM believes that both the decarbonization and the 
ESG agendas will be integral and determining elements 
for the future of the product tanker business. At the 
same time, TORM acknowledges that oil and refined oil 
products are essential resources, and we want to 
distribute refined oil products as CO2 efficiently as 
possible with currently accessible means.  

OPTIMIZING PERFORMANCE NOW 
In our efforts to obtain commercially viable 
environmentally friendly results, we have established a 
new position as Head of Commercial Decarbonization, 
a role that together with our Head of Technical 
Decarbonization will be pivotal in exploring and 
developing business opportunities with our customers, 
brokers, and industry stakeholders, so we can utilize 
the power of our integrated platform to reinforce our 
position as a leading product tanker owner. In 2018, 
TORM formed a successful partnership to develop and 

produce scrubbers with a scrubber producer, 
supporting our scrubber investments, thereby 
demonstrating an ability to source environmentally 
important assets while controlling cost. As an 
important effort to create adjacencies for TORM, we 
have decided to expand this cooperation by engaging 
in testing modern Flettner Rotors – to be installed on 
TORM Houston and TORM Helene. We expect 5-7% 
energy and CO2 reductions from the Flettner Rotors. 

TORM maintains focus on the optimization and 
improvement of our existing fleet and on enhancing the 
efficiency of our existing fleet by applying a broad set 
of operational and technical improvements.  

LONG-TERM INDUSTRY COLLABORATION  
Alternative fuels in shipping will be required on a global 
scale to reach the ambitious 2050 targets set by IMO. 
TORM influences the development through broad 
industry cooperation, latest by joining the Mærsk 
McKinney Møller Institute for Zero-Carbon Shipping as 
a Mission Ambassador. TORM monitors the 
development of new fuels and associated technologies, 
and TORM wants to be part of shaping the 
development and employing new technologies and 
alternative fuels whenever commercially and 
operationally viable. 

2030 TARGET AND 2050 AMBITION 
To quantify the green ambitions, TORM has set the 
goal to accelerate our climate target and deliver at 
least a 40% CO2 reduction by 2025 – instead of in 2030 
- compared to 2008 using IMO’s defined methodology, 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR BUSINESS MODEL AND STRATEGIC CHOICES 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OPTIMIZING PERFORMANCE NOW 
DIGITIZED PLATFORM SUPPORTS OPTIMIZATION 

LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER 
GREENER FUTURE WITH ZERO EMISSION AMBITION 
SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 

The three main components of TORM’s performance  
optimization are voyage optimization, behavioral 
optimization, and technology improvements. All three 
are designed to help reduce fuel consumption and 
supports TORM’s superior commercial performance. 

That TORM’s performance optimization efforts work, is 
demonstrated by TORM’s strong CO2 emission 
performance. CO2 emissions are reduced every day for 
the benefit of the environment. As at the end of 2021, 
TORM had obtained a Annual Efficiency Ratio (AER) 
reduction of 37.6% compared to IMO’s baseline (2008), 
and TORM is hence well ahead of IMO’s CO2 reduction 
trajectory.  

Not only will the short and medium-term optimizations 
be beneficial to TORM in the future. It will also prepare 
TORM for a potential carbon tax being imposed on 
shipping companies, as they will increase fuel costs. 
Further, TORM will benefit when transitioning to new 
fuel types in the long run, because TORM expects new 
fuel types to be more expensive when being phased in. 
Hence, highly optimized fuel consumption will be 
central going forward. 

CONNECTED VESSELS AND CONNECTED MACHINERY 
Through the programs “Connected Vessels” and “Connected Machinery”, 
TORM will accelerate the performance optimization components  
with improved best practice sharing and centralized IOT  
and advisory applications making it possible for TORM to take  
fuel efficiency to the next level. 

VOYAGE OPTIMIZATION 
Many factors are involved in 
setting the ideal speed, and 
TORM works closely with its 
stakeholders to ensure the 
optimal speed and routes of its 
vessels. To support this, TORM 
utilizes predictive quantitative 
modelling and multiple data 
sources for real time surveillance 
and recommendations. 

  BEHAVIOURAL OPTIMIZATION 
Measures to achieve operational 
savings, enhanced energy 
management onboard, and rigid 
anti-fouling monitoring. 

  TECHNOLOGY IMPROVEMENT 

TORM applies a range of new 
and updated technologies to 
enhance the fuel efficiency of its 
current fleet. In the long term, 
TORM is also engaged in 
developing the next generation 
vessel designs and technologies 
together with selected partners. 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR BUSINESS MODEL AND STRATEGIC CHOICES 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OPTIMIZING PERFORMANCE NOW 

LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER 
GREENER FUTURE WITH ZERO EMISSION AMBITION 
SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 

WHAT GOT US HERE… 

WHAT WILL TAKE US THERE… 

Cultural change on- 
and offshore 

Zealous hull 
maintenance 

AI based route 
optimization 

Flettner Rotors 

Fleet renewal 

Digital solutions for 
route optimization 

Already in 2025 TORM 
expects to reach IMO’s 
2030 target of 40% CO2 
reduction compared to 
IMO’s baseline (2008) 

Connected vessels 
and machinery 

Continuous training 

Optimized 
machinery 

… and much more 

Residual heat 
recovery 

… and much more 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR BUSINESS MODEL AND STRATEGIC CHOICES 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OPTIMIZING PERFORMANCE NOW 
FLETTNER ROTORS 

In our efforts to reach our ambitious emission reduction 
targets, TORM has invested in Flettner Rotors for the 
two newest of our LR2 vessels. 

During Spring 2022, the onshore test installation will be 
commenced in Frederikshavn, Denmark. 

The assets are purchased from the joint venture, which 
TORM has together with ME Production and GSI 
shipyard.  

If TORM is successful in operating the Flettner Rotors 
and obtains the anticipated CO2 and fuel savings, they 
will be considered as a means for TORM to support a 
greener future. 

Subsequently actual full-size testing is expected to be 
commenced and subject to successful testing, the final 
installation is expected later in 2022, whereafter 
operating data from the two LR vessels will be 
analyzed. 

LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER 
GREENER FUTURE WITH ZERO EMISSION AMBITION 
SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 

Rotor sails can be installed on all the main vessel types, 
which TORM operates and will have slightly more 
benefit on larger vessels (LR2) as the voyages for these 
vessels have more ideal wind conditions. 

TORM expects fuel savings of 5-7% compared to a 
corresponding vessel without a rotor sail. The two 
vessels are expected to reduce CO2 emissions by 2,000 
– 3,000 mt CO2 per vessel. 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR BUSINESS MODEL AND STRATEGIC CHOICES 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LONG-TERM DECARBONIZATION 
INDUSTRY COLLABORATIONS 

LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER 
GREENER FUTURE WITH ZERO EMISSION AMBITION 
SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 

To achieve our ambitious 2050 environmental target of 
zero CO2 emissions from operating our fleet, TORM is 
actively involved in various industry collaborations 
supporting this journey. The collaborations are 
important, as the ambitious target cannot be met by 
single entities alone but requires joint efforts across the 
shipping industry. 

JOINING MÆRSK MCKINNEY MØLLER CENTER FOR 
ZERO CARBON SHIPPING 
TORM announced its ambitious 2025 target in January 
2022, and already towards the end of 2021, TORM 
became a Mission Ambassador in the Mærsk McKinney 
Møller Center for Zero Carbon Shipping to partner with 
the institute and equally minded industry participants 
on this important journey.  

TORM will provide support to the Center’s work and 
commit to the Center’s mission and vision of building a 
significant cross-disciplinary driving force in the 
decarbonization of the shipping industry. 

DANISH SHIPPING 
TORM is an active member of Danish Shipping, and 
through Danish Shipping TORM aims to impact the 
decision making in IMO on ongoing discussions of the 
implementation of CO2 related regulations. 

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26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LONG-TERM DECARBONIZATION 
NEW FUELS  

LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER 
GREENER FUTURE WITH ZERO EMISSION AMBITION 
SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 

Over the past year, the shipping industry has shown 
increased interest, and development work on the 
future of maritime fuels and solutions for zero 
emission shipping are starting to evolve. 

TORM is enthusiastic about this development, however, 
while it is the expectation that there will be technical 
solutions in place to support most new fuels through 
new propulsions systems, the path towards having 
sufficient fuels available is more uncertain. To increase 
the understanding of this important topic, TORM and 
the Board of Directors organized a number of 
dedicated sessions to discuss the issue. The sessions 
covered deep dives on topics such as the Power-to-X 
development to understand the sourcing of the new 
fuels, the development of carbon capture solutions and 
considerations on types of new fuels, the split in usage 
and availability. 

A key conclusion from the sessions was that the future 
of maritime fuels will be more dispersed with zero 
carbon emission solutions not coming from a single 
new technology, but rather from a mix of several 
solutions as the availability of new fuels will be scarce 
and a key deciding factor. The Board of Directors will 
maintain this as a strategic focus area, and TORM will 
monitor the development of the new fuels and 
associated technologies. However, currently it is the 
belief that the solutions will not be commercially and 
operationally viable for product tankers for the near 
future.  

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27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 

TORM’s fleet is effectively managed on the in-house 
integrated operating platform known as One TORM. 
Operations are conducted jointly for the entire fleet 
to reap synergies across vessel classes.  

commercial team to succeed is the ability to ensure an 
optimal position of the fleet in the global basins, where 
differences in earnings can be significant over the span of 
a year.  

TECHNICAL MANAGEMENT 
TORM’s fleet is managed by its in-house technical 
management. The department is responsible for 
maintaining the high quality of our vessels and the 
delivery of an environmentally friendly, safe, and cost-
efficient technical operation. Our technical management 
also has extensive experience in vessel design and 
construction and provides essential knowledge for TORM 
to execute newbuilding programs. In addition to the 

The integrated nature of TORM’s operating platform 
provides transparency and clear alignment of 
management and shareholder interests, which mitigates 
the potential for actual or perceived conflicts of interest 
with related parties. We believe that our integrated 
business model creates a unique customer offering as it 
provides our customers with better accountability and 
insight into safety and vessel performance.  

In line with the strategic focus on safety, the One TORM 
platform features the One TORM Safety Culture program. 
The purpose of the program is to continuously 
strengthen TORM’s safety culture beyond mere 
compliance, and it reflects the belief that profitability and 
safety need to go hand in hand. 

On the One TORM platform, the commercial, technical, 
sale & purchase, and support divisions all work towards 
common goals in a network-based organization with 
easy internal access across the organization supporting 
efficient decision making.  

COMMERCIAL MANAGEMENT 
TORM’s commercial team is responsible for employment 
and operation of our fleet and has continuously 
demonstrated superior performance compared to peers 
and market benchmarks. One of the key elements for the 

LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER 
GREENER FUTURE WITH ZERO EMISSION AMBITION 
SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 

office staff, more than 3,400 seafarers are employed by 
TORM. 

SALE & PURCHASE AND SUPPORT FUNCTIONS 
TORM’s sale & purchase activities are conducted by an 
in-house team. The sale & purchase team leverages 
relationships with shipbrokers, shipyards, financial 
institutions, and shipowners to ensure fleet renewal and 
actively pursues lucrative opportunities in the second-
hand and newbuilding markets.  

The support division is also an integral part of TORM’s 
day-to-day operations and provides optimized 
business practices, reporting and payment processes, 
proactive business partnering, stringent risk 
management, liquidity, and funding management etc. 
For years, the support division has built a strong data 
and digitalized business support function. By means of 
advanced analytics and applied AI competences, this 
function has created an analytical model to further 
support TORM’s commercial performance.  

OPERATIONS DURING COVID-19 
During the entire COVID-19 pandemic, TORM has fully 
maintained operations both at sea and ashore thanks 
to the One TORM platform. The integrated operations 
have eased the natural obstacles which TORM 
encountered in connection with travel restrictions, 
lockdowns, and supply chain challenges. 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

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28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 

LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER 
GREENER FUTURE WITH ZERO EMISSION AMBITION 
SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 

LAND-BASED EMPLOYEES 
In line with relevant authorities, TORM had on several 
occasions chosen to close some of its offices and 
recommended that land-based employees work from 
home during the pandemic. 

TORM has been able to conduct its business almost 
unaffected of these measures due to the integrated 
nature of its operating platform ensuring cohesive lines 
of command.  

SUPPLY CHAIN  
With operations across the world and the requirement 
to conduct maintenance on basically all locations, 
TORM has been impacted by the emerging global 
supply chain bottlenecks. One concrete example is the 
increased cost in freight forwarding of materials and 
equipment. However, TORM’s continued optimization 
and cost focus has secured uninterrupted operations 
with only a marginal increase in costs. 

SEAFARERS 
The COVID-19-imposed travel restrictions complicated 
crew movements throughout the year. Despite this 
TORM has throughout 2021 maintained a normalized 
level of overdue employment among the crews 
supported by TORM’s integrated platform and the on-
going coordination between the commercial and 
technical departments which has enabled TORM to 
conduct crew changes as opportunities arose during 
the vessels’ commercial operations. However, the costs 
associated with crew changes have been higher due to 
increased travel expenses and imposed quarantine 
costs. 

+92% 

Retention rate for senior and junior 
officers during COVID-19 

During the pandemic, TORM has further leveraged 
from a solid base of loyal seafarers which has secured 
continuity in our operations. 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR BUSINESS MODEL AND STRATEGIC CHOICES 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SEAMLESS INTEGRATION OF NEW CAPACITY IN A 
COVID-19 ENVIRONMENT 

LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER 
GREENER FUTURE WITH ZERO EMISSION AMBITION 
SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 

EIGHT MR VESSELS, SIX WITH INCREASED 
CHEMICAL TRADING FLEXIBILITY 
In March 2021, TORM purchased eight 2007-2012 built 
MR product tanker vessels from TEAM Tankers Deep Sea 
Ltd. for a total cash consideration of USD 82.5m and the 
issuance of 5.97 million shares. Six of the vessels have 
specialized cargo tank configurations and extended tank 
segregations (IMO 2), allowing for enhanced trading 
flexibility through chemical trading options. 

TORM obtained debt financing covering the cash thereby 
making the tranaction cash neutral. 

The vessels have all been integrated into the One TORM 
platform using a flexible approach towards transfer of 
technical knowledge and crew. This has ensured a 
seamless integration. 

THREE MODERN LR2 VESSELS 

TWO LR2 NEWBUILIDNG 
In November 2021 and in January 2022, TORM took 
delivery of the final two LR2 newbuildings in our 
newbuilding program. The newbuildings are scrubber-
fitted and fuel-optimized.  

The vessels were taken over in a period with significant 
COVID-19 related restrictions in China and are now fully 
integrated into the One-TORM platform. 

The vessels are constructed with fuel-efficient design, 
and during 2022 they are expected to have Flettner 
Rotors installed which will reduce the fuel consumption 
by 5-7% on these vessels. 

In May 2021, TORM purchased three 2015-built scrubber-
fitted and fuel-efficient LR2 vessels from Okeanis Eco 
Tankers Corp. for a total cash consideration of USD 
120.8m.  

Two of the vessels were financed with bank debt and one 
through a sale and leaseback structure. 

The vessels have all been integrated into the One TORM 
platform and supplement our modern LR2 fleet well.  

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR BUSINESS MODEL AND STRATEGIC CHOICES 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INVESTMENT HIGHLIGHTS 

SPOT OPERATING MODEL 

Significant operating leverage 
through spot orientation allowing 
TORM to benefit from increases in 
TCE rates. 

SOLID CAPITAL  
STRUCTURE 

Conservative balance sheet and a 
strong liquidity position provide room 
for potential growth while 
maintaining break-even rates at low 
levels and no near-term refinancing 
needs. 

SUPERIOR COMMERCIAL 
PERFORMANCE 

Advanced data driven platform with 
in-house commercial and technical 
management providing superior 
earnings while maintaining a balanced 
cost structure. 

POSITIVE MARKET 
FUNDAMENTALS 

Low product stock levels, low global 
fleet growth and refinery dislocation 
are positive fundamentals for the 
product tanker market in the near 
and medium term. 

AMBITIOUS AND ONGOING 
CO2 REDUCTION 

TORM is already well advanced in 
meeting IMO’s emission targets and 
has engaged in long-term 
collaborations for decarbonization in 
2050. 

TRACK RECORD OF 
EXCELLENT TIMING  

TORM has maintained a well 
diversified fleet and acquired vessels 
at attractive price points as well as 
sold vessels at market values. 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR BUSINESS MODEL AND STRATEGIC CHOICES 

31 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RESPONSIBILITY REPORT  

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

Responsible behavior and sustainability are embedded in the way we conduct business in TORM. We are committed to protect and take care of 
our employees, our assets, our environment, and our society. This is done by living up to the highest possible standards. We support the UN 
Global Compact, the Sustainable Development Goals and are increasingly reporting on Environmental, Social and Governance data. 

In 2009, TORM signed the UN Global Compact as the 
first shipping company in Denmark. In this way, we 
commit to an internationally recognized set of 
principles regarding health, safety, labor rights, 
environmental protection, and anti-corruption. As part 
of this commitment, we submit our communication on 
progress every year. 

PRINCIPLES 
Transparency and accountability are key to TORM’s 
way of doing business, and these values play a central 
role in our corporate social responsibility (CSR) 
approach. Our approach to responsible behavior is 
rooted in our Business Principles which have the 
following five objectives: 

COLLABORATION AND PARTNERSHIPS  
TORM’s commitment to CSR is not limited to our own 
business practices, as we believe real impact requires 
industry collaboration. We cooperate with peers and 
stakeholders to increase responsibility in the shipping 
industry and the supply chain. Also, this is done to 
mitigate protectionism and support progressive trade 
agreements.  

TORM strives to increase transparency and 
accountability and to minimize corruption. We do this 
as an active member of Danish Shipping and a number 
of committees within that organization. This is also the 
focus in the Maritime Anti-Corruption Network in which 
TORM is a co-founder and member. 

•  Maintaining a good and safe workplace 
•  Reducing environmental impact 
•  Respecting people 
•  Doing business responsibly  
• 
Ensuring transparency 

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND 
TRANSPARENT ESG REPORTING 
In 2021, we continued our support to the UN 
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and its targets 
for 2030. To ensure ample contribution, we focus on 
specifically SDG #4 Quality Education and SDG #13 
Climate Action. These goals are closely linked to our 
value chain, business practices, and company values. 
Our support of the SDGs is seen as a natural 
progression of our commitment to the UN Global 
Compact. 

This responsibility report documents the results of our 
efforts within corporate social responsibility, as well as 
environmental, social and governance aspects (ESG). 
As part of our commitment to the UN Global Compact, 
TORM submits its communication on progress (COP) 
every year. 

This year, TORM will use the Sustainability Accounting 
Standards Board (SASB) reporting framework to 
further increase our ESG reporting transparency. The 
SASB framework is an ESG guidance framework which 
sets standards for the disclosure of financially material 
sustainability information. 

Find our SASB Index and Responsibility data on 
pages 48-52 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR RESPONSIBILITY 

32 

Our Responsibility 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY  
HIGHLIGHTS  

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

TORM continues to play an active role in fostering and caring for the needs of 
society, the environment, and communities at large. TORM believes that doing 
business sustainably while contributing to society is not only about sharing 
obligations, but also about sharing social responsibilities. Therefore, TORM on 
the one hand continues to strive hard to combat carbon, sulfur, and other 
emissions and on the other hand, stands committed to providing quality 
education, as it is a matter of concern for TORM and its employees. TORM is 
confident that with all brilliant minds, great hearts and dedicated stakeholders, 
this milestone will definitely be achieved. 

DIVERSITY 

37%  WOMEN 

IN THE SHORE-BASED 
WORKFORCE 

22%  WOMEN 

IN LEADERSHIP 
POSITIONS 

74 

SCHOLARS  
SUPPORTED 

BY TORM AND OUR EDUCATION 
FOUNDATION 

0.37 

LOST TIME 
ACCIDENT 
FREQUENCY IN 
2021 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR RESPONSIBILITY 

33 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TORM’S ESG TARGETS  

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR RESPONSIBILITY 

34 

 
  
 
 
STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT AND MATERIALITY 

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT 
Working in close collaboration with our customers and 
stakeholders has an immense focus for TORM and is 
key to deliver on our ambitious climate targets. Among 
others the stakeholder groups include employees, 
community, suppliers, customers, investors, and 
authorities.  

Throughout the year, specialists across TORM interact 
with these stakeholders to ensure an open dialogue. 
This includes our ongoing dialogue with financial 
institutions to ensure a high level of transparency in our 
climate efforts – both ashore and at sea. 

As a company, we work with a selection of 
partnerships sharing the same values and goals as 
TORM, e.g., we have joined the Mærsk Mckinney Møller 

Center for Zero Carbon Shipping, where we will work 
with industry partners and knowledge specialists to 
achieve zero carbon shipping by 2050. In addition, 
TORM is an active member of industry organizations 
such as Danish Shipping. 

You can learn more about how we engage with 
stakeholders and decision-making in the section 172 
statement. 

Engagement and Decision-making in TORM on 
pages 104 - 106 

Find more details on the value chain in oil 
transportation and TORM’s role 

Value chain in oil transportation on page 16 

MATERIALITY 
As part of our continued efforts to increase 
transparency in our reporting, this year we will include 
a materiality assessment in our responsibility reporting.  

In TORM, we have defined materiality as “social and 
environmental topics with the largest impact 
throughout our value chain”. 

Materiality Assessment 
TORM’s ESG materiality assessment is made to identify 
and prioritize the ESG issues which are most important 
to and have most impact on TORM and our key 
stakeholders. We have defined our key stakeholders as 
customers, lenders, investors, regulators, employees, 
suppliers, and community & environment.  

The impact which the various topics have on TORM 
varies depending on the topic. As examples, legal 
compliance can be the risk of breaching sanctions 
which can impact TORM’s access to critical markets if 
not complied with, whereas TORM’s ability to employ 
diversified personnel will impact our decision-making 
capabilities and potential for strong commercial 
performance in the future. Another example is securing 
quality education which impacts our ability to source 
skilled crew for our vessels. Each score is evaluated 
relative to each other as all the material topics are 
important to TORM and our key stakeholders. The 
material topics and the materiality matrix were 
approved by the Board of Directors. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR RESPONSIBILITY 

35 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT AND MATERIALITY  

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

Health and safety on pages 37-39 

Human rights and business ethics on page 44 

Security on page 39 

Community engagement on pages 45-46 

LEGAL COMPLIANCE 

TORM’s environmental efforts on page 40 

Responsible procurement in TORM on page 47 

Legal compliance is essential to TORM and to 

People at sea and ashore on pages 41-43 

MATERIALITY MATRIX
Most important ESG related topics for TORM (scoring of topics is relative to each other)

Higher

l

s
r
e
d
o
h
e
k
a
t
s

y
e
k
o
t

e
c
n
a
t
r
o
p
m

I

G

H

Lower

D

F

E

C

A

B

A Legal compliance

B Health and safety

C Security

D Environmental efforts

E People

F Human rights and business ethics

G Community

H Responsible procurement

Lower

Higher

Impact on TORM

our stakeholders. International transport of 

refined oil products is a highly regulated area, 

and full compliance with all applicable rules 

and regulations at all times is a necessity for 

operating successfully in this line of business.  

TORM’s compliance with all applicable 
sanctions requires constant focus, as any 
violation may have a significant business 
impact. The same applies to compliance with 
applicable rules and regulations in relation to 
(without limitation) health, safety and 
environment, anti-bribery and corruption, 
competition/anti-trust, as well as employment 
and labor. Legal compliance is often closely 
linked to other areas included in the 
materiality matrix and is also separately 
included. The Governance section on pages 
71-111 describes TORM’s framework and 
governance model, designed to ensure 
TORM’s continued ability to operate 
successfully. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR RESPONSIBILITY 

36 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

HEALTH, SAFETY, AND SECURITY 

Around 90% of TORM’s workforce is employed at sea, 
and therefore ensuring healthy, safe, and secure 
working conditions for them is of crucial importance to 
TORM’s business. Backing those efforts, TORM believes 
that a healthy and supportive work environment adds a 
lot to the employees’ wellbeing, productivity, and 
performance level at work and also enhances the 
company’s retention rate. 

addition, we have been able to attend our new vessels 
for timely takeover. 

Overall, owing to the effectiveness of the One TORM 
platform, the interaction with all stakeholders, internal 
as well as external, has shown that audits, inspections, 
change of flag etc. are achievable and successful 
despite the pandemic.  

Respecting employees’ human rights is pivotal to 
TORM, and all the policies supporting this are outlined 
in TORM’s Business Principles. Similarly, our safety 
policy is rooted in the rules and regulations issued by 
the Danish Maritime Occupational Health Service. 

INSPECTIONS AND AUDITS  
In order to maintain our standards and exceed the 
targets set by our customers despite the COVID-19 
pandemic, TORM developed a robust remote audit 
scheme at the beginning of 2020. With travel 
restrictions significantly reducing the possibilities of 
visiting vessels, the first-rate tools and data collection 
processes at TORM made it possible to create a robust 
remote audit system.  

The challenges continued during 2021 and the One 
TORM platform has been able to successfully deliver on 
all counts, including new takeovers and new deliveries. 
Despite the ongoing pandemic, a few employees have 
successfully managed to visit a number of TORM 
vessels for audits, inspections and on-board training. In 

SIRE INSPECTIONS 
The main body responsible for managing the 
overarching processes and requirements of the vessel 
inspections is OCIMF (Oil Companies International 
Marine Forum). In 2020, due to the travel restrictions 
caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, new avenues like 
remote documentation review and inspection were 
introduced by OCMIF. The challenges experienced in 
connection with physical SIRE (Ship Inspection Report 
Program) arrangements were mitigated by close co-
operation among internal stakeholders as well as 
among oil majors. In spite of the challenges, TORM 
vessels were able to achieve a significant number of 
physical SIRE inspections enabling business 
continuities and the flexibility to trade. The process 
around taking delivery of newbuildings as well as 
second-hand vessels was well executed ensuring 
successful trading. 

During 2022, OCIMF is expected to roll out the 
completely revamped SIRE 2.0 inspection and 
assessment regime for the product tanker industry.  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

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HEALTH, SAFETY, AND SECURITY 

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

SAFETY DELTA 
TORM also continued with the Safety Delta tool, which 
was launched in 2018 and used across the fleet to track 
and monitor the safety culture on board the individual 
vessels. The safety delta concept supports processes 
and activities and helps to build and maintain a 
proactive safety culture based on continuous crew 
evaluation, dialogue, reflection, and development. All 
vessels have been scheduled to complete three Safety 
Delta cycles in 2021.  

Since 2018, TORM has used a revised performance 
appraisal program as a way to systematically enhance 
work behaviour and leadership to ensure excellent 
safety performance. 

Through the One TORM Safety Culture – driving 
resilience program, TORM has defined standards and 
expectations for excellent performance. A key element 
of leadership is to evaluate employee performance with 
a view to managing the development and motivating 
employees to develop. TORM believes this will facilitate 
the best possible means for developing performance as 
an individual and as a company. 

In 2021, TORM introduced a new induction framework 
for its Senior Officers. The induction program focuses 
on providing the Senior Officers with insights into 
fundamental company culture, behaviour, safety 
leadership and stakeholder management to ensure 
excellent performance for newly hired Senior Officers. 
A revised induction framework for Junior Officers was 
introduced in 2020. 

In 2021, TORM continued to promote the One TORM 
Safety Culture – driving resilience program. In Q4 2021, 
we launched our new Virtual Senior Officers 
Conference program. The content of the Virtual Senior 
Officers concept is focused on safety culture, mental 
health, work culture, and social culture to support and 
ensure that TORM’s safety culture is anchored across 
the organization, ashore as well as on board the 
vessels. These Virtual Senior Officers Conferences have 
been continued in 2021 and a total of 171 Senior Officers 
have attended the conference. 

ONE TORM SAFETY CULTURE 

In 2021, TORM continued the safety culture 
program One TORM Safety Culture – driving 
resilience. The purpose of the program is to 
continuously strengthen TORM’s safety 
culture beyond compliance.  

TORM continued to conduct Safety 
Leadership courses for Senior Officers on 
board. During 2021, TORM welcomed a 
number of new senior officers to the 
company, and still maintained a high 
completion rate of more than 80% for the 
safety leadership course. The course includes 
workshops for all Senior Officers and key 
marine shore staff and focuses on how to be a 
good leader when it comes to safety.  

In 2021, TORM introduced a new tailormade 
Safety Leadership program for Junior Officers, 
which cover the mindsets, competencies, and 
behaviors suited for the role. It utilizes a three-
phase learning process which provides the 
participants with a better learning experience 
and ensures a faster application of learnings in 
their day-to-day work practices. This course 
also serves as a supplement to the Safety 
Leadership Course for Senior Officers. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

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38 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HEALTH, SAFETY, AND SECURITY 

vessels and interact with seafarers, including 
conducting training. 

Near-miss reports provide TORM with an opportunity 
to analyse conditions which might lead to accidents 
and ultimately prevent potential future accidents. A 
high number of near-miss reports indicate that the 
organization proactively monitors and responds to 
risks.  

In 2021, TORM’s focus on near-miss incidents and the 
quest for continuous improvements resulted in the 
introduction of a new category of events called ‘Unsafe 
act & unsafe condition’ to help identify near miss 
events for the safety of our crews. The total near miss 
reported for 2021 was 4,203 (2020: 5,991, 2019: 6,099) 
and ‘Unsafe act & unsafe condition’ was 1,954. 

LOST TIME ACCIDENT FREQUENCY AND NEAR-MISS 
INCIDENTS  
Lost Time Accident Frequency (LTAF) is a measure of 
serious work-related personal injuries which result in 
more than one day off work per million hours of work. 
The definition of LTAF follows the standard practice 
among shipping companies. During 2021, TORM’s LTAF 
measure considerably decreased to 0.37 (2020: 0.65). 

Each injury has been investigated and corrective 
measures have been taken as required. TORM’s 
seafarers have done a commendable job by raising the 
safety culture and substantially reduced injuries in 2021, 
especially during the pandemic. Virtual town halls and 
other online interactions introduced at the beginning of 
the pandemic for TORM’s seafarers have been used to 
a greater extent in 2021. During this time, whenever 
possible, opportunities were taken to physically attend 

LOST TIME ACCIDENT FREQUENCY (LTAF) 
Source: TORM 

0.96

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

0.65

0.67

0.65

0.47

0.42

0.37

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

SECURITY 

TORM’s response to piracy is founded on the 
Best Management Practice, which is the 
industry guideline for companies and vessels 
sailing in areas with increased risk. In 2021, 
TORM experienced six incidents when thieves 
or robbers came on board and four incidents 
of stowaways found on board TORM’s vessels. 
No persons were harmed during these 
incidents. 

Throughout the year, the security situation 
and developments in the various risk areas 
have been monitored closely, and actions 
have been taken to safeguard TORM’s 
seafarers and vessels. The security situation in 
some regions remain fragile due to the 
COVID-19 pandemic. TORM has adapted its 
procedures to the changing threat levels 
across the areas called at by TORM vessels.  

TORM will continue to monitor the risk 
situation and pre-empt hijacking and robbery 
attempts by following security procedures 
and industry guidelines. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

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39 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFORTS  

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

TORM supports SDG 13 Climate Action 
as marine pollution constitutes the 
largest environmental risk in the 
shipping industry.  

Investing in Flettner Rotors for the newest of our LR2 
vessels, aimed at saving fuel consumption.  

Greener Future – Long-term Industry collaboration 
on page 22 

optimize, and implement the changes needed to 
accelerate our environmental efforts. 

Therefore, it is important for TORM to minimize the sea 
and atmospheric pollution.  

Flettner Rotors on page 25 

FUEL CONSUMPTION AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY 
TORM has relentlessly worked on the ambitious 
environmental goal of reducing carbon footprints by 
deploying effective strategies and efficient 
technologies across our value chain. To responsibly 
add value to the industry emissions reduction plans, 
TORM contributed through its involvement in industry 
collaborations in innovation partnership, ShippingLab 
(a non-profit platform for maritime research), 
development, and innovation with 30 partners from 
across the maritime industry to push the efforts further 
at driving smart shipping for the future, such as:  

Signing up for the Call to Action for Shipping 
Decarbonization, which calls on the governments to 
take decisive actions to achieve decarbonization of 
international shipping by 2050.  

Board Activities 2021 – Strategically important long-
term collaborations on pages 77-78 

Joining the Mærsk McKinney Møller Institute for Zero 
Carbon Shipping as a Mission Ambassador to research 
ways to grow in a more operationally, commercially, 
and sustainably viable way.  

Despite the challenges of managing the fuels and 
evaluating the propulsion performance, the One TORM 
platform continues to have a solid and dedicated focus 
on reducing fuel consumption.  

FAST FORWARDING OUR ENVIRONMENTAL EFFORT 
Over the years, TORM has geared up its environmental 
efforts only to outperform its set targets. Further, we 
all have an obligation to do our utmost to reduce CO2 
emissions. Therefore, TORM is pushing fast forward in 
our environmental efforts and will deliver a 40% CO2 
reduction by 2025 – instead of by 2030. 

The baseline for the target is in line with the definition 
set forth by the International Maritime Organization, 
IMO, which defined how this should be measured and 
calculated. The accelerated target is possible thanks to 
the power of the integrated One TORM platform, 
where we control the whole value chain of our business 
and operations. 

For example, we have in-house technical management, 
training, energy efficiency team, marine HR, operations, 
and chartering, and through this, we can adjust, 

To continue reducing our emissions towards 2025 and 
onwards, we will focus on e.g., hull painting, 
maintenance, connected machinery and connected 
vessels, and continue the optimization journey of 
onboard operations. As our long-term goal, we will be 
working on subjects encompassing future fuels and 
next-generation vessels. 

TORM continuously focuses on energy efficiency 
across the fleet. This serves the dual purpose of 
minimizing the environmental impact and helps us 
deliver market leading performance. By maintaining a 
strong focus on energy efficiency in 2021, TORM has 
achieved a 37.6% reduction in Annual Efficiency Ratio 
(AER) compared to the IMO baseline (2008). Daily 
engagement with the vessels continues to create 
significant value to encourage and support best 
practice behavior with regard to energy consumption. 
In addition, the efforts ensure that corrective actions 
can be taken swiftly, as needed. 

In our continued endeavors to operate in an 
environmentally friendly way, we strive to push our 
horizons and believe that our actions will do the work. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

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40 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PEOPLE  

People and culture play an essential part at TORM. It 
defines our core and helps us grow and thrive, at sea 
and ashore. The pandemic has challenged the way we 
work and cooperate. But we have initiated strategic 
and operational initiatives to drive high employee 
engagement and improve the sense of belonging. 

AT SEA 
In 2021, TORM continued its strategy to employ 
seafarers with different nationalities as we believe that 
diversity on board is an important foundation for 
cooperation, high performance, and a safe working 
environment. 

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF SEAFARERS IN % 
Total number of seafarers at the end of 2021: 3,420 

Croatia

Other

Denmark

2%

4%

5%

India

39%

51%

The Philippines

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

Throughout the year, TORM’s main priority was to 
relieve seafarers on time despite the heavy constraints 
caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.  

Further, the focus was to get all seafarers both at sea 
and ashore vaccinated against COVID-19. TORM was 
one of the first companies to use the US vaccination 
program for vessels calling US ports and we followed 
up in all countries who offered this service. In 2021, the 
team managed to vaccinate more than 1,000 seafarers 
on board and set up help to get vaccines for all 
nationalities. Today, no seafarer joins a TORM vessel 
without being vaccinated. In 2022, TORM will continue 
the drive towards full vaccination, including booster 
vaccination. 

During these times, focus was on supporting both staff 
on board as well as our seafarers at home and their 
relatives, with all aspects of such unprecedented times. 
This included both financial support, and most 
importantly to ensure healthy wellbeing. Despite the 
COVID-19 limitations, TORM continued its efforts to 
strengthen the relationship between seafarers and the 
shore-based organization. In 2021, this involved a 
transition from physical meetings and gatherings to a 
more virtual form which included seminars, trainings, 
and general gatherings. 

TORM maintains an ongoing focus on seafarer 
commitment and engagement. In 2021, the retention 
rate for Senior Officers remained above 90%, and 
TORM demonstrated 100% compliance with customer 

requirements when it comes to ensuring the right level 
of experience among Senior Officers per vessel across 
the fleet (the so-called officer matrix compliance). The 
Well at TORM program aimed at focusing on the 
wellbeing of our seafarers by increasing engagement, 
mental resilience, physical health and embracing 
socialization among crew members, is successfully 
running at par with our intent with more than half of 
the total seafarers actively participating in it. 

94% 

Retention rate for senior officers 

At the end of 2021, TORM employed a total of 3,420 
seafarers of whom 92 were permanently employed, 
with the remaining seafarers being on time-bound 
contracts. 

ASHORE  
High Engagement 
In 2021, we continued our bi-annual real time data 
engagement survey which we introduced in 2019. More 
than 90% of all shore-based employees responded to 
the survey. 

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41 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PEOPLE 

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

The outcome of the December 2021 survey was a score 
of 8.4 out of ten showing a continuous high 
engagement and satisfaction among our employees. 
And this is the case across categories ranging from 
engagement, freedom of opinion, management 
support, work environment and safety. 

The high scores were evenly spread across divisions 
and locations which is a testament to the strength of 
the unified One TORM approach. The overall positive 
outcome of the survey was maintained from previous 
years, and it positions TORM in the top quartile of 
companies across all industries using the same 
platform. 

Our ambition of this engagement survey combined 
with a high response rate is to help us improve, nurture 
the culture needed to fulfil our ambitious strategy and 
develop initiatives which matter to our employees.  

Again in 2021, we included questions to understand 
how our shore-based employees cope with the 
pandemic and the precautionary measures we have 
introduced to safeguard and support our employees. 
The survey showed that the COVID-19 related 
measures introduced were highly appreciated by our 
employees. 

Employee health and wellbeing 
During 2021, we introduced an updated remote work 
approach due to the experiences stemming from the 
requirements to work remotely during the pandemic. 
This allowed for more flexibility for the global team. By 
the end of 2021, the retention rate for all shore-based 
employees was 88%. That is an expected change 
compared to previous years due to the effects of 
employees worldwide rethinking what work mean to 
them following the COVID-19 pandemic. 

To strengthen and develop TORM’s position in this 
area, continuous development of our organization, 
culture and leadership is a key criterion for success. On 
this background, we decided to implement leadership 
training in our organization. One of the main purposes 
was to enhance the feedback culture in TORM. 

We are consistently focusing on employee health and 
wellbeing. The term wellbeing embraces not only 
physical, but also mental aspects of wellbeing. 
Therefore, specific training in stress awareness was 
initiated during the year. Through in-depth knowledge, 
a common language and targeted tools, all employees 
will be equipped with the necessary tools required to 
spot and mitigate stress. We will continue introducing 
this across offices in 2022. 

Onboarding a new career 
Our ability to recruit and retain highly qualified 
employees for positions ashore and at sea is essential 
to our business. That is why we have a strong focus on 
the way we communicate with potential candidates, 
how we recruit, and we how we onboard our new 
employees. We want to enhance the understanding of 
TORM and the One TORM culture. 

At sea and ashore, thousands of colleagues worldwide 
keep the TORM fleet moving. While we all share the 
same goals and culture, everyone’s story is different. 
TORM has developed a career site at torm.com which 
portrays employees with different stories. And the site 
describes our different career programs ashore and at 
sea. 

Overall, we aim to attract and retain the best qualified 
employees by living the four values of the TORM 
Leadership Philosophy and by ensuring that TORM’s 
leaders motivate their employees.  

At the end of 2021, the shore-based organization had 
348 employees: 140 in Hellerup, 136 in Mumbai, two in 
New Delhi, 39 in Manila, three in Cebu, 16 in Singapore, 
11 in Houston, and one in London. 

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42 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PEOPLE 

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

DIVERSITY 
At TORM, we have an obligation to develop a strong 
and diverse talent pool irrespective of gender, religion, 
sexuality, nationality, ethnicity, or disabilities etc. 

As stated in TORM’s Business Principles, we work 
toward a diverse workforce in every aspect. We want 
to have an inclusive environment which respects and 
supports all our people and helps improve business 
performance. 

In our continued efforts to maintain a positive and 
respectful work environment, we have completed 
interactive sessions which have provided insights into 
how we ensure to be aware and respectful in our daily 
work. Also annually, we will follow up on these 
initiatives and evaluate the results.  

We believe that diverse teams led by diverse leaders 
deliver better business performance, and offer equal 
opportunities in recruitment, career development, 
promotion, training and rewards for all employees.  

In 2021, we continued to participate and drive the aim 
of Danish Shipping’s taskforce for more women at Sea. 
In this work group, we have incorporated 10 
recommendations into processes and procedures as 
best practice. The recommendations include setting 
gender diversity targets, supporting women through 
family friendly policies and rethinking the recruitment 
process. 

Gender distribution 
We actively monitor the representation of females in 
the workforce and in leadership positions. At the end of 
2021, the proportion of female full-time employees in 
the shore-based workforce was 37%, while women in 
leadership positions, defined as having one or more 
direct reports, constituted 22%. TORM has a target for 
2030 of 35% women in leadership positions.  

At the end of 2021, the Board of Directors consisted of 
four male members and one female member elected at 
the Annual General Meeting. In 2020, the Board of 
Directors fulfilled its target of 20% female Board 
members (1 out of 5). 

DATA ETHICS 
TORM’s business model, The ONE TORM platform, uses 
advanced analytics and digital solutions in which large 
amounts of data are processed. TORM’s Data Ethics 
Policy confirms TORM’s commitment to our defined 
data ethic’s principles and it defines how we collect, 
store and process data. 

TORM wants to maintain high ethical standards for the 
protection of our data, and we want our handling of all 
data to be beneficial and value-adding to our 
customers, employees, business partners, authorities, 
and other stakeholders.  

Our treatment of data must be robust to prevent 
against any unintended disclosure. TORM’s data 
security measures include a variety of guidelines and 
defined processes, as well as technical and human 
controls. 

TORM generally does not collect, store, or handle data 
in relation to private customers or consumers. The data 
which TORM collects, and stores is mainly commercial 
data, relevant to the operation of our owned and 
chartered vessels. Such commercial data includes 
without limitation global trade flows, trading patterns, 
cargo types, weather patterns, port data etc. and may 
be generated internally or obtained from external 
sources. 

EMPLOYEE DIVERSITY 

Permanently employed 

Directors of the Company¹

Employees in other senior executive positions 

⁾

Total management other than Directors of the Company (Managers with one or more direct reports) 

Other permanent employees of the Group 

Total permanent employees of the Group 

¹

 The five Non-Executive Directors are not included as employees of the Group. 

⁾

Male 

Female 

4  

3  

 138 

 176 

 317  

1  

-  

19 

 103  

 122  

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HUMAN RIGHTS AND BUSINESS ETHICS  

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

ANTI-CORRUPTION AND ANTI-BRIBERY 
Corruption and bribery impede global trade and can 
restrict non-corrupt companies’ access to markets. In 
this way, corruption and bribery have a negative 
impact on economic and social development. For 
TORM, the risk of corruption does not mean increased 
costs alone. Corruption also exposes TORM’s seafarers 
to safety and security risks and poses a potential risk to 
TORM’s legal standing and reputation.  

TORM does not accept corrupt business practices, and 
as part of its compliance program TORM has a policy 
on anti-bribery and anti-corruption, which supports 
TORM’s Business Principles.  

It is TORM’s policy to conduct all business in an honest 
and ethical manner. TORM has a “zero tolerance” 
approach to bribery and corruption, and TORM is 
committed to acting professionally, fairly and with 
integrity in all business dealings and relationships, 
wherever TORM operates. TORM will uphold all laws 
relevant to countering bribery and corruption in all the 
jurisdictions in which TORM operates. 

TORM has three elements which it leverages to 
continue a high level of transparency and 
accountability of its anti-corruption and anti-bribery 
policy. One being strict employee guidelines and 
processes to prevent and manage anti-corruption and 
anti-bribery, the second being specific reporting 
processes, and the last being compulsory e-learning 
courses. TORM further complies with SOX regulations 

according to which employees must confirm adherence 
to the policies and guidelines, as well as training 
completion, ensuring 100% compliance. No further 
corrective action has been required.  

part of the internal control system. In 2021, the whistle-
blower facility received two notifications, both of which 
were investigated and closed without any critique or 
requirements for new measures.  

Since 2011 when TORM co-founded the Maritime Anti-
Corruption Network (MACN), TORM has been taking a 
joint stand with the industry against the request for 
facilitation payments which exists in many parts of the 
world where TORM conducts business. Best practice is 
shared between members of the network, and 
members align their approach to minimizing facilitation 
payments.  

MACN seeks support from government bodies and 
international organizations to eliminate the root causes 
of corruption. TORM is committed to addressing 
corrupt business practices among stakeholders by 
supporting this cross-sector approach.  

In addition to its efforts within MACN, TORM continued 
to strengthen its companywide anti-corruption policies 
in 2021 to mitigate the risk of bribery and corruption. 
TORM has continued its anti-corruption training 
program, which includes mandatory anti-corruption 
courses for all shore-based staff and all officers on 
board TORM’s vessels. The training targets new hires as 
well as existing employees and must be repeated 
annually. TORM will continue these efforts in 2022.  

Since 2006, TORM’s Board of Directors has provided a 
whistle-blower facility with an independent lawyer as 

HUMAN RIGHTS 
With the TORM Leadership Philosophy, TORM’s 
Business Principles and commitment to the UN Global 
Compact, TORM is committed to respecting human 
rights as outlined in the United Nations Guiding 
Principles on Business and Human Rights. 

TORM recognizes that implementing the necessary 
policies and respective processes to be in line with the 
requirements of the UN Global Principles is part of an 
ongoing effort. Going forward, we will continue to 
promote human rights-related policies and processes.  

The most material risk for human rights abuses are 
related to TORM’s supply chain. TORM complies with 
the International Labor Organization’s Maritime Labor 
Convention, an international set of standards on labor 
conditions at sea, which was ratified by 30 countries in 
2012. All vessels under TORM’s technical management 
are audited and certified as required under the 
Maritime Labor Convention of 2006. TORM respects 
employees’ right to associate freely, to join – or not to 
join – unions and to bargain collectively. TORM offers 
equal opportunities for its employees as stated in 
TORM’s Business Principles. No claims or offenses have 
been reported regarding human rights in 2021. 

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INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

The TPEF also provided support for the reconstruction 
of the interior of a school which had been ravaged by 
typhoons, and it played a crucial role in making 
provision for water supply facilities, water dispensers, 
and making building materials available to an 
elementary school in the region. 

Though faced with many challenges and limited 
resources, our team made effective use of available 
materials in a sustainable way. Provisions for solar-
based lamps for elementary school kids were made 
available to ensure that their studies are not affected, 
along with a one-unit solar panel for the school. 

Apart from ensuring proper education facilitation in the 
Philippines, TORM also formed its ‘Disaster Relief Team’ 
which is trained and active in case any unexpected 
events occur. ‘TORM Care’ is a special kit made to 
accommodate specific needs consisting of safety 
blankets, grocery packs, drinking water, hygiene packs, 
and COVID19 kits. 

COMMUNITY 
SUPPORTING QUALITY EDUCATION  

TORM is a long-standing supporter of 
maritime education in Denmark, India, 
and the Philippines, and it is therefore 
natural for TORM to support SDG 4 
Quality Education. 

This commitment shows TORM's connection to the 
surrounding communities and how much of a positive 
impact it has on the society at large where TORM 
operates and where many of TORM’s employees come 
from. 

Adding to that, TORM firmly believes that by 
supporting education in selected areas, we can nurture 
future competencies and develop a strong pipeline for 
the industry. TORM’s contribution towards the 
betterment of society builds a sense of trust and pride 
in our colleagues which reciprocates in the form of 
higher retention and positive brand recognition. 

TORM is therefore dedicated to supporting SDG 4 
Quality Education and cooperates with several 
educational institutions and universities internationally.  

In Denmark and Singapore, the efforts include offering 
internships and trainee and student assistant positions 
at TORM’s offices to students from the Copenhagen 
Business School, the Copenhagen School of Marine 
Engineering & Technology Management, and the 
Nanyang Technological University Singapore. The 
majority of TORM’s seafarers come from Indian or 
Filipino nationality, and therefore TORM’s activities in 

these areas educate the students about the shipping 
industry. This enhances the potential pool of future 
TORM employees and strengthens the overall skillset of 
seafarers coming from these regions. 

EDUCATION FOUNDATION IN THE PHILIPPINES 
The TORM Philippines Education Foundation (TPEF) is 
a foundation set up by TORM Philippines in 2007 to 
support education in the Philippine community. 

During the educational year 2021-2022 we supported 
• 
• 

11 new scholars studying in school 
41 scholars studying in various colleges and 
universities 
22 apprentices (one female and 21 male) with 
maritime courses 

• 

•  One scholar graduated in 2021 with a degree in BS 

Marine Transportation 

In lieu of the scholars’ learning program, the TPEF also 
conducted monthly practical online talk sessions 
organized to sustain the students’ capabilities, 
knowledge, and awareness on various issues during the 
pandemic under the Scholars Development Program 
(SDP). Sessions were directed at developing positive 
values and mindsets, self-image, and social and soft 
skills through SDP. Through webinars under the Social 
Development Initiative (SDI), the TPEF also worked on 
more pressing issues such as mental health, wellness, 
and community wellbeing in general. 

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COMMUNITY 
SUPPORTING QUALITY EDUCATION 

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

TORM firmly believes that enhanced infrastructural 
support and better extra-curricular activities will help 
nurture a wholistic upbringing for the students.  

Earlier in 2021, TORM India pledged to construct three 
classrooms at Nalasopara, Mumbai. Although delayed 

due to the restrictions caused by COVID-19 pandemic, 
this project is expected to be completed in early 2022. 
In our continued endeavour to have a positive impact 
on society, TORM is evaluating several more projects in 
and around Mumbai, specifically directed towards girls. 

EDUCATION FOUNDATION IN INDIA  
In India, TORM funded specific projects under selective 
social causes, and since 2018, TORM India has worked 
closely with three organizations to achieve the 
purpose, namely – 
• 

SAMPARC - an organization taking care of the 
disadvantaged children across India 

•  BAIF - an organization working towards upgrading 

and providing rural infrastructure 

•  Akshayshakti – an organization looking after 
improving the lives of students, welfare and 
abandoned children 

Previously, TORM supported the construction of the ZP 
Prathmik School in Zadgewadi in Kurkumbh, near Pune, 
India. The school was constructed and furnished with 
facilities with support from TORM.  

Through SAMPARC, TORM sponsors 33 students 
attending the school and assists them with their basic 
needs, such as school equipment and specified living 
expenses. The COVID-19 pandemic has restricted 
movements in India, however, in November 2021, a 
team from TORM India visited SAMPARC Bhaje to 
celebrate the Deepawali Festival with the students and 
distributed presents to all students. TORM also fulfilled 
its promise of renovating a multipurpose town hall and 
setting up of a library at Bhaje. Both facilities were 
opened for use.  

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INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

The questions fall within the following main categories:  
•  Company information  
•  Quality management  
• 
• 
•  Human rights and labor  
• 
•  Business ethics  

Performance  
Training  

Environment, health, and safety  

TORM will, when possible, conduct site visits to audit 
the subjects stated in the self-assessment 
questionnaire or as an option conduct a remote audit.  

ANTI-CORRUPTION AND ANTI-BRIBERY 
Corruption and bribery impede global trade and can 
restrict non-corrupt companies’ access to markets. In 
this way, corruption and bribery have a negative 
impact on economic and social development. For 
TORM, the risk of corruption does not mean increased 
costs alone. Corruption also exposes TORM’s seafarers 
to safety and security risks and poses a potential risk to 
TORM’s legal standing and reputation.  

RESPONSIBLE PROCUREMENT  

Responsible behavior throughout the organization is 
central to TORM’s business, management practices, 
and corporate culture.  

Our supply chain is important to achieve our goals, and 
we want to ensure that our quality standards and 
responsibility efforts are extended and improved 
throughout the supply chain. We expect our suppliers 
to comply with recognized international standards and 
work to improve human rights, labor conditions, impact 
on the environment, safety, corruption, and quality.  
As a long-standing member of the UN Global Compact, 
TORM remains committed to protecting its employees, 
assets, reputation, and the environment by maintaining 
the highest possible standards. Transparency and 
accountability are central parts of TORM’s way of 
doing business.  

TORM signed the UN Global Compact in 2009 as the 
first shipping company in Denmark to commit to the 
internationally recognized set of principles regarding 
health, safety, labor rights, environmental protection, 
and anti-corruption. Being a signatory also means that 
TORM reports on its social and environmental 
performance on an annual basis to ensure progress and 
accountability to stakeholders.  

Because of TORM’s commitment to integrate 
responsibility in all business practices, a revised set of 
Business Principles has been introduced. The Business 
Principles ensure alignment between our values, as 
outlined in the TORM Leadership Philosophy, and the 

Policies that ensure appropriate behavior, which cannot 
be deviated from. This relationship applies to Policies 
within all operations, including those related to CSR.  
TORM also applies its Business Principles when dealing 
with subcontractors and suppliers. TORM's Business 
Principles place a particular emphasis on our 
commitment to promote responsible business 
principles in our supply chain. Therefore, TORM is 
compliant with the UK Modern Slavery Act.  

TORM is certified according to ISO 9001 and ISO 14401, 
and in accordance with the requirements of our 
certifications, we will start conducting periodic 
assessments of our suppliers.  

The main purpose of the first supplier assessment is to 
establish a baseline and know the status at our 
suppliers for us to engage in dialogue about how we 
together can extend and quality, responsibility, and 
sustainability efforts. In some situations, we may 
identify areas where we feel that corrections are 
required to continue as a supplier to TORM.  

Our suppliers are asked to perform a self-assessment 
questionnaire. It consists of a range of questions 
related to your business, which you must fill out and 
return to us to continue as a supplier to TORM.  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

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SASB MARINE TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY 
STANDARD 

Topic 

Accounting Metric 

Unit 

2021 

Code 

Greenhouse Gas 

Gross global Scope 1 emissions 

 Metric tons (t) CO2-e  

1,353,306 

 TR-MT-110a.1  

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

Discussion of long-term and short-term strategy or plan to manage Scope 1 emissions, 

emissions reduction targets, and an analysis of performance against those targets 

(1) Total energy consumed 

(2) percentage heavy fuel oil 

(3) percentage renewable 

Average Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for new ships 

Air Quality 

(1) Nox (excluding N2O) 

Air emissions of the following pollutants: 

(2) SOX 

(3) particulate matter (PM10) 

 Percentage (%)  

 Percentage (%)  

 Grams of CO2 per ton- 

nautical mile  

 Metric tons (t)  

 Metric tons (t)  

 Metric tons (t)  

See pages 22-

27, 34, 40 

 Gigajoules (GJ)  

17,672 

Ecological Impacts 

Shipping duration in marine protected areas or areas of protected conservation status 

 Number of travel days  

Percentage of fleet implementing ballast water: (1) exchange 

Percentage of fleet implementing ballast water: (2) treatment 

Number of spills and releases to the environment 2) 

Aggregate volume of spills and releases to the environment 3) 

 Percentage (%)  

 Percentage (%)  

 Number  

 Cubic meters (M3)  

50 

0 

3 

n/a 1) 

1,488 

n/a 1) 

n/a 1) 

27 

73 

0 

0 

 TR-MT-110a.2  

 TR-MT-110a.3  

 TR-MT-110a.3  

 TR-MT-110a.3  

 TR-MT-110a.4  

 TR-MT-120a.1  

 TR-MT-120a.1  

 TR-MT-120a.1  

 TR-MT-160a.1  

 TR-MT-160a.2  

 TR-MT-160a.2  

 TR-MT-160a.3  

 TR-MT-160a.3  

1) Data unavailable. Assessment of feasibility of disclosure is ongoing. 
2) Our definition of spills is based on ITOPF. 
3) We report total volume of spills, as estimated aggregate volume of all spills as defined above. We do not do netting of the amount of such material that was subsequently recovered, evaporated, or otherwise lost as required by SASB standard 

TR-MT-160a.3 -2.1. 

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SASB MARINE TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY 
STANDARD 

Topic 

Accounting Metric 

Employee Health & Safety 

Lost time incident rate (LTIR) 1) 

Unit 

 Rate  

2021 

0.37 

Code 

 TR-MT-320a.1  

Business Ethics 

International's Corruption Perception Index  

 Number  

13 

 TR-MT-510a.1  

Number of calls at ports in countries that have the 20 lowest rankings in Transparency 

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

Total amount of monetary losses as a result of legal proceedings associated with bribery 

or corruption 

Accident & 

Safety Management 

Number of marine casualties 2) 

Percentage classified as very serious 2) 

Number of Conditions of Class or Recommendations 

Number of port state control: (1) deficiencies 

Number of port state control: (2) detentions 

Activity Metrics 

Number of shipboard employees 

Total distance traveled by vessels 

Operating days 

Deadweight tonnage 

Number of vessels in total shipping fleet 

Number of vessel port calls 

Twenty-foot equivalent unit (TEU) capacity 

 USD  

 Number  

 Percentage (%)  

 Number  

 Ratio 3)  

 Ratio 3)  

0 

1 

0 

7 

0.55 

0.00 

 Number  

3,420 

 Nautical miles (nm)  

4,398,088 

 Thousand deadweight tons  

 Days  

 Number  

 Number  

 TEU  

28,717 

4,746 

84 

2,514 

n/a 

 TR-MT-510a.2  

 TR-MT-540a.1  

 TR-MT-540a.1  

 TR-MT-540a.2  

 TR-MT-540a.3  

 TR-MT-540a.3  

 TR-MT-000.A  

 TR-MT-000.B  

 TR-MT-000.C  

 TR-MT-000.D  

 TR-MT-000.E  

 TR-MT-000.F  

 TR-MT-000.G  

1) Instead of LTIR, we report on LTAF (LTIF) which is an industry norm based on OCIMF guidelines on Injury reporting. The rate per one million man hours is the most common unit in respect of LTAF. 
2) Our definition of Marine casualty is based on IMO Casualty Investigation Code Ch 2 -2.9 and very serious marine casualty is based on IMO Casualty Investigation Code Ch 2 -2.22. 
3) We report number of port state control deficiencies and detentions as a ratio instead of a number. It is the industry norm to report port state control performance as a ratio as it provides important context to the metrics. The ratio is calculated 

as the number of deficiencies (or detentions) divided by the total number of PSC inspections. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR RESPONSIBILITY 

49 

 
  
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS 

Indicator 

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions 

Direct GHG emissions (scope 1) 

Indirect GHG emissions (scope 2) 

Total GHG emissions 

Energy consumption 

Heavy fuel 

Low-sulfur heavy fuel 

Marine Gas Oil 

Office consumption 

Electricity consumption 

Water consumption 

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions - Fleet 

CO2 emissions, AER – total fleet 

CO2 emissions, AER – LR2 

CO2 emissions, AER – LR1 

CO2 emissions, AER – MR 

CO2 emissions, AER – Handy 

CO2 emissions, EEOI – total fleet 

CO2 emissions, EEOI – LR2 

CO2 emissions, EEOI – LR1 

CO2 emissions, EEOI – MR 

CO2 emissions, EEOI – Handy 

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

Unit 

2021 

2020 

2019 

 Ton CO2  

1,353,306 

1,335,896 

1,302,390 

 Ton CO2  

486 

434 

488 

 Ton CO2  

1,353,792 

1,336,330 

1,302,878 

 Ton  

 Ton  

 Ton  

 kWh  

 M3  

216,610 

126,371 

88,978 

170,907 

174,836 

80,865 

349,056 

12,174 

55,371 

514,461 

445,093 

702,850 

3,875 

3,268 

- 

 g/dwtxnm  

 g/dwtxnm  

 g/dwtxnm  

 g/dwtxnm  

 g/dwtxnm  

 g/cargoxnm  

 g/cargoxnm  

 g/cargoxnm  

 g/cargoxnm  

 g/cargoxnm  

5.05 

3.72 

4.33 

5.83 

7.23 

10.64 

8.67 

8.95 

11.80 

15.24 

5.34 

4.10 

4.66 

6.02 

7.52 

11.17 

8.07 

9.43 

13.06 

15.07 

5.28 

3.77 

4.69 

6.14 

7.81 

11.35 

8.58 

9.03 

13.17 

15.51 

The emission figures in this report represent TORM’s findings to the best of our knowledge given today’s methodology used by TORM aligned with current IMO methodology. 
TORM is continuously committed to improving the methodology and advancing transparency in reporting as well as to following industry best practices on emissions 
reporting.  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR RESPONSIBILITY 

50 

 
  
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
SOCIAL INDICATORS 

Indicator 

Our employees 

Total number of seafarers 

Total number of employees (shore-based) 

Diversity – shore-based employees 

Total women in leadership 

Gender with lowest representation (women) 

Diversity – seafarers 

Total women in leadership 

Gender with lowest representation (women) 

Health & Safety 

Fatalities 

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

Unit 

2021 

2020 

2019 

Further information 

 Headcount  

 Headcount  

3,420 

348 

3,023 

345 

3,050 

341 

 %  

 %  

 Number  

 Number  

 Headcount  

22 

37 

1 

1 

0 

21 

36 

1 

1 

0 

22 

35 

1 

1 

0 

AR21 

 AR21  

 AR21  

Lost-time accident frequency (LTAF) 

 Per million exposure hours  

0.37 

0.65 

0.42 

AR21 

Ethics * 

Sexual Harassment and/or Non-discrimination Policy 

Equal and fair opportunity employer 

Child and/or Forced Labor Policy 

Child and/or Forced Labor Policy covers suppliers and vendors 

Human Rights Policy 

Human Rights Policy covers suppliers and vendors 

Modern Slavery Policy 

UN Global Compact Signatory 

Recycling and Scrapping Policy 

*Yes • | No • 

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 Business Principles  

 Business Principles  

 Business Principles  

 Business Principles  

 Business Principles  

 Business Principles  

 UK Modern Slavery Act  

 CSR  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •      

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR RESPONSIBILITY 

51 

 
  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
GOVERNANCE INDICATORS 

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

Indicator 

Board of Directors 

Members 

Gender with lowest representation (women) 

Total nationalities 

Independence 

Senior Management 

Members 

Gender with lowest representation (women) 

Total nationalities 

Ethics * 

Anti-corruption Policy 

Anti-bribery Policy 

Whistleblower Policy 

Articles of Association  

Data Ethics Policy 

Code of Conduct Policy (Business Principles)  

* 
*Yes • | No • 

Unit 

2021 

2020 

2019 

Further information 

 Number  

 %  

 Number  

 %  

 Number  

 %  

 Number  

5 

20 

5 

80 

4 

0 

1 

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

5 

20 

5 

80 

4 

0 

1 

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

5 

0 

4 

80 

4 

0 

1 

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 •  

 AR 21  

 AR 21  

 AR 21  

 AR 21  

 AR 21  

 AR 21  

 AR 21  

 Business Principles  

 Business Principles  

 AR 21  

 AR 21  

 Business Principles  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR RESPONSIBILITY 

52 

 
  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
 
  
DEFINITIONS 

INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

CO2 emissions (ton) 
The greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) reporting covers 
scope 1 (direct emissions from own production) and 
scope 2 (emissions from own production but others’ 
emissions) of the Greenhouse Gas Protocol except for 
the activities listed below. 

Environmental data applies to owned vessels with its 
respective shares of ownership. Bareboat-in vessels are 
included while T/C-in vessels are excluded. Similarly, 
vessels on bareboat-out contracts are excluded while 
vessels on all other employments are included.  

Scope 1 
CO2 emissions have been calculated based on the 
consumption of heavy fuel oil and marine gas oil 
according on IMO’s conversion factor for emission per 
ton. Emissions are calculated for each single vessel and 
then consolidated. Numbers under the scope 1 data 
sheet have been collected on board the vessels or at 
the offices. The collection is based on actual usage or 
disposals. 

Scope 2 
CO2 emissions generated indirectly from operational 
activities at the TORM offices are calculated using 
Danish and World Resources Institute emission factors. 
Only offices where data is available are included. 

measure is defined as grams CO2 emissions per 
deadweight-ton-nautical mile. AER is affected by 
vessel size, speed, duration of waiting time and port 
stays. 

Office water consumption (m3) 
Water consumed indirectly in operating activities at the 
TORM offices excluding the London, Houston, Mumbai 
and New Delhi offices. Data is not available for 2019. 

EEOI (g/cargoxnm) 
EEOI is a measure of efficiency using the total fuel 
consumption, distance travelled and cargo intake. The 
measure is defined as grams CO2 emissions per cargo-
ton-nautical mile. EEOI is affected by vessel size, speed, 
cargo availability, duration of ballast voyages, waiting 
time and port stays. 

Spills  
Definition of spills is based on ITOPF. We report total 
volume of spills, as estimated aggregate volume of all 
spills. We do not do netting of the amount of such 
material that was subsequently recovered, evaporated, 
or otherwise lost as required by SASB standard TR-MT-
160a.3 -2.1. 

SOX emissions (ton) 
SOx emissions are calculated based on average sulfur 
content for the different fuel types. 

A comprehensive study for TORM by an independent 
specialist which compared the emissions from vessels 
fitted with exhaust gas cleaning systems (scrubbers) to 
emissions from vessels using low-sulfur fuel found that 
the sulfur emissions are reduced to an average of 
0.025% when using the exhaust gas cleaning system. 

Energy consumption (GJ) 
All fuel burned on board the vessels has been 
converted into energy based on fuel oil analysis results. 

Deadweight Tonnage (based on SOLAS II-1A-Reg 2-
20) 
Deadweight tonnage is the difference in tonnes 
between the displacement of a ship in water of a 
specific gravity of 1.025 at the draught corresponding 
to the assigned summer freeboard and the lightweight 
of the ship. 

COC (Based on IACS document Classification 
societies Section B3 Classification surveys) 
The requirements that specific measures, repairs, 
request for survey, etc. are to be carried out within a 
specified time period in order to retain class. 

AER (g/dwtxnm) 
AER is a measure of efficiency using the total fuel 
consumption, distance travelled and deadweight. The 

Office electricity consumption (kWh) 
Electricity consumed indirectly in operational activities 
at the TORM offices excluding the London and 
Houston offices. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR RESPONSIBILITY 

53 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INTRODUCTION AND HIGHLIGHTS 
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK 
OUR PRIORITIES AND RESULTS 
SASB INDEX AND RESPONSIBILITY DATA 

DEFINITIONS 

LTAF or LTIF (Based on OCIMF Marine Injury 
Reporting Guidelines Sec 4) 
The number of Lost Time Injuries per unit exposure 
hours. Unit in respect of LTIF is one-million-man hours. 
Lost Time Injuries are the sum of Fatalities, Permanent 
Total Disabilities, Permanent Partial Disabilities and 
Lost Workday Cases as based on OCIMF Marine Injury 
Reporting Guidelines Sec 3. 

Marine Casualty (Based on IMO Casualty Investigation 
Code Ch 2 -2.9) 
A marine casualty means an event, or a sequence of 
events, that has resulted in any of the following which 
has occurred directly in connection with the operations 
of a ship:  
• 
• 
• 
•  material damage to a ship 
• 

the death of, or serious injury to, a person 
the loss of a person from a ship 
the loss, presumed loss or abandonment of a ship 

the stranding or disabling of a ship, or the 
involvement of a ship in a collision 

•  material damage to marine infrastructure external 
to a ship, that could seriously endanger the safety 
of the ship, another ship, or an individual or 
severe damage to the environment, or the 
potential for severe damage to the environment, 
brought about by the damage of a ship or ships 

• 

However, a marine casualty does not include a 
deliberate act or omission, with the intention to cause 
harm to the safety of a ship, an individual or the 
environment. 

Material Damage to ship (Based on IMO Casualty 
Investigation Code Ch 2 -2.16) 
A material damage in relation to a marine casualty 
means:  
• 

damage that significantly affects the structural 
integrity, performance or operational characteristics 
of marine infrastructure or a ship; and  
damage that requires major repair or replacement 
of a major component or components; or  
destruction of the marine infrastructure or ship. 

• 

• 

Very serious marine casualty (Based on IMO Casualty 
Investigation Code Ch 2 -2.22) 
A very serious marine casualty means a marine 
casualty involving the total loss of the ship or a death 
or severe damage to the environment. 

Permanent management positions (ex. Directors and 
senior executives) – shore-based 
Total Management other than directors of the 
Company (VP's, GM's, Senior Managers and Managers 
with one or more direct reports). The five Non-
Executive Directors are not included as employees of 
the Group. 

Permanent seafarer officers 
Defined as officers living in Scandinavia. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OUR RESPONSIBILITY 

54 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL REVIEW 2021  

FINANCIAL REVIEW FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2021 

TORM delivered industry leading results and continues to have a solid capital structure with a Net Loan-to-Value of 52%, USD 210m in available 
liquidity including restricted cash, no major refinancings needed before 2026 and limited off-balance sheet commitments of USD 38m.  

Kim Balle, CFO 

FINANCIAL RESULTS 
In 2021, TORM recorded a net loss of USD 42m 
compared to a profit of USD 88m in 2020 resulting in 
loss per share of USD -0.54 compared to earnings per 
share (EPS) of USD 1.19 in 2020. When excluding non-
recurrent items in both 2021 and 2020, the net loss 
reached USD -36m in 2021, a decrease of USD 158m 
from a net profit of USD 122m in 2020. The lower result 
in 2021 was mainly due to decreasing freight rates.  

In 2021, operating profit decreased by USD 138m to 
USD 1m, primarily reflecting the decrease in revenue.

In 2021, total revenue was USD 620m compared to 
USD 747m in 2020, and TCE earnings decreased from 
USD 520m to USD 379m, a total decrease of 27%. The 
decrease in TCE earnings was primarily attributable to 
a weaker freight market in 2021 compared to 2020. The 
decrease was based on an approximately 31% lower 
TCE per day and 5% more available earning days (1,398 
days) in 2021 compared to 2020. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

REVIEW AND RISK 

55 

Review and risk 

 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
FINANCIAL REVIEW 2021 

TORM’s total assets increased by USD 332m in 2021 to 
USD 2,331m. The carrying amount of vessels, 
capitalized dry-docking and prepayments on vessels 
amounted to USD 1,950m compared to USD 1,734m in 
2020. During the year, TORM sold two older vessels; 
one MR delivered in 2021 and one LR1 scheduled to be 
delivered in the first quarter of 2022.  

In 2021, TORM acquired eight MR product tanker 
vessels from TEAM Tankers Deep Sea Ltd and bought 
three LR2 vessels.  

In 2021, total equity increased by USD 35m to USD 
1,052m from USD 1,017m in 2020. The increase in equity 
was mainly due to a capital increase in connection with 
the acquisition of vessels and a change in value of 
hedging instruments partially offset by net loss for the 
year. The market value adjustments on derivatives held 
for hedge accounting had a positive effect on equity of 
USD 17m, mainly related to the increasing market 
values of TORM’s interest rate swaps. The Return on 
Equity (RoE) decreased from 8.7% in 2020 to -4.1% in 
2021, due to lower revenue. 

TORM’s total liabilities increased by USD 298m to USD 
1,279m in 2021 and borrowings increased by USD 293m 
to USD 1,135m.  

In 2021, invested capital increased by USD 291m to USD 
2,011m as of 31 December 2021, mainly due to the 
addition of vessels in 2021. In addition, Return on 
Invested Capital (RoIC) decreased by 7.8 percentage 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

points from 7.8% to 0.0%. Adjusted RoIC in 2021 
reached 0.2%, a decrease of 9.1 percentage points from 
2020. 

In 2021, the Net Asset Value per share based on broker 
value increased to USD 12.5 from USD 10.8 in 2020 
mainly due to the increase of vessels in 2021. 

KEY HIGHLIGHTS 

USDm 

Income Statement 

Revenue 

Time charter equivalent (TCE) 

Gross profit 

EBITDA 

Operating profit/(loss) (EBIT) 

Financial items 

Net profit/(loss) for the year 

Balance Sheet 

Non-current assets 

Total assets 

Equity 

Total liabilities 

Key figures 

Invested capital in USDm 

Net Asset Value per share (NAV) (USD) 

Return on Invested Capital (RoIC) 

Adjusted RoIC 

Return on Equity (RoE) 

Basic earnings per share (EPS) 

2021 

2020 

Change 

  620  

  379  

  188  

  137  

 1  

  -42  

  -42  

1,968  

2,331  

1,052  

1,279  

2,011  

 12.5  

0.0% 

0.2% 

-4.1% 

-0.54  

  747  

  520  

  341  

  272  

  139  

  -49  

88  

1,755  

1,999  

1,017  

  981  

1,720  

 10.8  

 -127  

 -141  

 -153  

 -135  

 -138  

 7  

 -130  

  213  

  332  

35  

  298  

  291  

  1.7  

7.8% 

9.3% 

 -7.8%points  

 -9.1%points  

8.7% 

 -12.8%points  

 1.19  

-1.73  

REVIEW AND RISK 

56 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
FINANCIAL REVIEW 2021 

LIQUIDITY AND CASH FLOW 
Total cash and cash equivalents, including restricted 
cash, amounted to USD 172m at the end of 2021, 
resulting in a net increase in cash and cash equivalents, 
including restricted cash, for the year of USD 36m 
compared to 2020. Undrawn and committed credit 
facilities amounted to USD 38m (2020: USD 132m; 
2019: USD 173m). The undrawn and committed credit 
facilities consisted of a USD 38m leasing facility with 
BoComm Leasing. 

and leased back for a total amount of USD 71m. At the 
end of 2021, TORM sold and leased back nine MR 
vessels for a total amount of USD 151m. The agreement 
was made with CDBL leasing. TORM does not have any 
material debt maturities until 2026, which supports 
TORM’s financial flexibility. 

As of 31 December 2021, TORM had CAPEX 
commitments of USD 38.2m related to the outstanding 
LR2 new building. 

48m 

Cash flow from operating activities 

During 2021, TORM entered into a number of loan and 
leasing agreements. In conjunction with the purchase 
of eight vessels from Team Tankers, TORM agreed with 
the bank syndicate to amend the existing agreement to 
include five of the eight vessels financed by a USD 64m 
revolving credit facility partly funded by equity/capital 
increase. The remaining three vessels were financed by 
HCOB through a USD 28m term facility.  

Further, TORM agreed with Danish Ship Finance to 
amend the existing facility to include additionally two 
acquired LR2 vessels in the term facility agreement. 
TORM took delivery of the two LR2 new buildings 
TORM Helene and TORM Houston end of 2021 and 
early 2022. The two vessels were financed through an 
operational lease with BoComm for a total amount of 
USD 76m.  

BoComm also financed three other LR2 vessels. TORM 
Kiara was acquired and financed for an amount of USD 
32m and TORM Herdis and TORM Hellerup was sold 

In 2021, net cash inflow from operating activities 
decreased from USD 236m in 2020 to USD 48m due to 
the lower freight rates combined with an increase in 
working capital (bunkers, receivables, and payables). 
Net cash outflow from investing activities amounted to 
USD 291m in 2021 compared to USD 120m in 2020. The 
cash outflow was used for tangible fixed assets, 
primarily related to the new buildings and secondhand 
vessels acquired.  

Net cash inflow from financing activities amounted to 
USD 298m in 2021 compared to a cash outflow of USD 
83m in 2020. Repayment on borrowings amounted to 
USD 254m in connection with scheduled repayments 
and vessel sales during the year. Additional borrowings 
generated a cash inflow of USD 549m.  

-291m 

Cash flow from 
investing activities 

298m 

Cash flow from  
financing activities 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

REVIEW AND RISK 

57 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL REVIEW 2021 

TANKER FLEET 
Revenue in the tanker fleet decreased by 17% to USD 
620m in 2021, down from USD 747m in 2020, and TCE 
earnings decreased by 27% to USD 379m from USD 
520m in 2020. The decrease in TCE earnings was 
primarily due to a weaker product tanker freight 
market in 2021 compared to 2020. 

Global oil demand continued to improve towards the 
pre-pandemic levels, however continued stock draws, 
driven by OPEC+ oil production quota regime and 
supply disruptions in the US, limited the oil product 
trade and kept the product tanker freight rates 
depressed. On the supply side, increased vessel 
scrapping kept product tanker fleet growth in check.  

For the LR2s, the average TCE rates decreased by 42% 
from 2020 to 2021. The decreasing freight rates are 
partly offset by an increase of 5% in available earning 
days resulting in total TCE earnings in 2021 of USD 61m, 
a decrease of USD 39m from 2020. 

For the Handysize vessels, the TCE rates decreased by 
28% in 2021 compared to 2020. With an increase in 
available earning days of 9% in 2021 the total TCE 
earnings for the Handysize vessels ended at USD 7m, a 
decrease of USD 2m. 

As of 20 March 2022, TORM had covered 34.3% of the 
earning days in 2022 at USD/day 17,497. 

The average TCE rates for the LR1s were 37% lower 
than in 2020. The decreasing freight rates combined 
with a decrease of 1% in available earning days resulted 
in total TCE earnings of USD 46m, a decrease in 
earnings of USD 29m from 2020. 

In 2021, the available earning days of MR vessels 
increased by 1,174 days, equaling an increase of 6% 
compared to 2020. The TCE rates decreased by 26%, 
resulting in total TCE earnings of USD 264m, a 
decrease of USD 72m. 

CHANGE IN TIME CHARTER EQUIVALENT EARNINGS IN THE TANKER FLEET 

USDm 

Time charter equivalent earnings 2020 

Change in number of earning days 

Change in freight rates 

Other 

Time charter equivalent earnings 2021 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

Handysize 

MR 

LR1 

LR2 

Total 

  335.6  

74.9  

  100.1  

  519.5  

21.3  

-0.5  

 4.9  

26.5  

  -92.7  

  -27.2  

  -44.6  

 -167.2  

 8.9  

 0.8  

-2.7  

 0.0  

-0.3  

 7.0  

  263.9  

-0.9  

46.3  

 1.0  

-0.2  

61.4  

  378.6  

REVIEW AND RISK 

58 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
FINANCIAL REVIEW 2021 

EARNINGS DATA

USDm 

LR2 vessels 

Available earning days 

Spot rates ¹

TCE per earning day ²

⁾
LR1 vessels 

⁾
Available earning days 

Spot rates ¹

TCE per earning day ²

⁾
MR vessels 

⁾
Available earning days 

Spot rates ¹

TCE per earning day ²

⁾

Handysize vessels 

⁾
Available earning days 

Spot rates ¹

TCE per earning day ²

⁾

Total 

⁾
Available earning days 

Spot rates ¹

2020 

% change 

Full year 

Q1 

Q2 

Q3 

Q4 

Full year 

full year 

2021 

3,795 

 847  

 788  

  1,143  

  1,201  

  3,979  

29,030 

 10,221  

 11,716  

 13,217  

 16,658  

 14,037  

26,637 

 16,455  

 14,303  

 15,315  

 15,529  

 15,422  

3,228 

 805  

 813  

 760  

 828  

  3,206  

22,424 

 13,710  

 12,954  

 11,694  

 15,196  

 13,702  

22,839 

 14,750  

 14,914  

 11,211  

 16,347  

 14,365  

18,529 

  4,378  

  4,750  

  5,227  

  5,348  

 19,703  

18,229 

 11,838  

 14,009  

 12,578  

 13,194  

 12,918  

18,098 

 12,935  

 14,566  

 12,785  

 13,329  

 13,395  

664 

 176  

 182  

 184  

 184  

 726  

13,116 

  7,382  

 14,916  

  6,283  

 10,444  

  9,665  

13,416 

  7,362  

 15,062  

  6,304  

 10,060  

  9,709  

26,216 

  6,206  

  6,533  

  7,314  

  7,561  

 27,614  

19,619 

 11,889  

 13,760  

 12,350  

 13,805  

 13,019  

19,800 

 13,493  

 14,591  

 12,854  

 13,929  

 13,703  

5% 

-52% 

-42% 

-1% 

-39% 

-37% 

6% 

-29% 

-26% 

9% 

-26% 

-28% 

5% 

-34% 

-31% 

TCE per earning day ²
¹
²

⁾

 Spot rate = Time Charter Equivalent Earnings for all charters with less than six months’ duration = Gross freight income less bunker, commissions and port expenses. 
 TCE = Time Charter Equivalent Earnings = Gross freight income less bunker, commissions and port expenses. 
⁾
⁾

⁾

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

REVIEW AND RISK 

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FINANCIAL REVIEW 2021 

OPERATION OF VESSELS 
The development in operating expenses is 
summarized in the table below. The table also 
summarizes the operating data for TORM’s fleet of 
owned and bareboat-chartered vessels. 

Operating expenses (OPEX) for the fleet increased by 
USD 13m to USD 191m in 2021 compared to USD 178m 
in 2020, mainly due to an increasing number of 
operating days. On a per-day-basis, OPEX increased 
compared to 2020.  

The total fleet of owned vessels had 1,103 off-hire and 
dry-docking days, corresponding to 4% of the 

CHANGE IN OPERATING EXPENSES 

USDm 

Operating expenses 2020 

Change in operating days 

Change in operating expenses per day 

Operating expenses 2021 

OPERATING DATA 

USD/day 

Handysize 

MR 

 4.6  

-0.1  

 0.1  

  124.2  

 4.7  

 5.7  

 4.6  

  134.6  

LR1 

20.9  

-0.0  

 1.0  

21.9  

LR2 

28.7  

 0.8  

-0.1  

Total 

  178.4  

 5.4  

 6.7  

29.4  

  190.5  

Handysize 

MR 

LR1 

LR2 

Total 

Operating expenses per operating day in 2020 

  6,163  

  6,287  

  6,355  

  7,013  

Operating expenses per operating day in 2021 

  6,300  

  6,566  

  6,660  

  6,992  

Change in the operating expenses per operating day in % 

2% 

4% 

5% 

0% 

  6,398  

  6,633  

4% 

Operating days in 2021 ¹

Offhire 

Dry-docking 

⁾

Available earning days 2021 

¹

 Including bareboat charters. 

⁾
TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

 730  

 20,495  

  3,285  

  4,207  

 28,717  

  -4  

 - 

-334  

-458  

 -19  

 -60  

 -67  

-161  

-424  

-679  

 726  

 19,703  

  3,206  

  3,979  

 27,614  

operating days in 2021. This compares to 1,332 off-hire 
days in 2020 or 5% of the number of operating days. 

ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES AND OTHER 
OPERATING EXPENSES 
Total administrative expenses and other operating 
expenses amounted to USD 52m in 2021 compared to 
USD 70m in 2020. The decrease was mainly due to a 
one-off provision covering an exposure related to 
cargo claims of USD 18m in 2020. 

FINANCIAL INCOME AND EXPENSES 
Net financial expenses in 2021 were USD 42m 
compared to USD 49m in 2020. The decrease was 
primarily driven by lower interest compared to 2020 
and the larger senior facilities refinancing combined 
with costs related to said refinancing. 

TAX 
Tax for the year amounted to an expense of USD 0.4m 
of income tax and 0.9m of tonnage tax compared to 
an expense of USD 0.5m of income tax and 0.9m of 
tonnage tax in 2020.  

The Group has elected to participate in the Danish 
tonnage tax scheme. The participation is binding until 
31 December 2024. The Group expects to participate 
in the tonnage tax scheme after the binding period 
and, as a minimum, to maintain an investing and 
activity level equivalent to that at the time of entering 
the tonnage tax scheme.  

REVIEW AND RISK 

60 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
FINANCIAL REVIEW 2021 

ASSESSMENT OF IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS 
Management has followed the usual practice of 
performing a review of impairment indicators every 
quarter and presenting the outcome to the Audit 
Committee. The Audit Committee evaluates the 
impairment indicator assessment and prepares a 
recommendation to the Board of Directors. The 
recoverable amount of the assets is calculated by 
assessing the fair value less costs to sell and the value 
in use of the tanker fleet. 

When assessing the fair value less costs to sell, 
Management includes a review of market values 
calculated as the average of two internationally 
recognized shipbrokers’ valuations. The shipbrokers’ 
primary input is deadweight tonnage, yard, and age of 
the vessel. The assessment of the value in use is based 
on the net present value of the expected future cash 
flows. The key assumptions are related to future 
developments in freight rates, operating expenses and 
to the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) 
applied as discounting factor in the calculations. 

As of 31 December 2021, Management tested the 
carrying amount of its fleet for impairment within 
three CGUs, being the Main Fleet (LR2/LR1 and MR 
vessels) and the two Handysize vessels. 

In 2021, the recoverable amount of the Main Fleet and 
the Handysize vessels was based on its value in use.

Based on this review, Management concluded that: 
•  Assets within the Main Fleet were not impaired as 
the value in use exceeds the carrying amount. 

•  Assets within the Handy vessels were not 

impaired as the value in use was in line with the 
carrying amount. 

market voyage charters, which generally last from 
several days to several weeks, and time charters. 
TORM believes that the important measures for 
analyzing trends in the results of its operations of 
tankers consist of the following: 

The assessment of the value in use of the Main Fleet 
and the Handysize vessels was based on the present 
value of the expected future cash flows. The freight 
rate estimates in the period 2022-2024 are based on 
the Company’s business plans. Beyond 2024, the 
freight rates are based on the Company’s 10-year 
historical average rates adjusted for the anticipated 
beneficial impact of scrubber installations.  

The impairment testing is sensitive to changes in the 
key assumptions applied. Note 8 provides additional 
details of the impairment assessment as well as 
sensitivity analysis in respect of freight and discount 
rates. 

TORM will continue to monitor developments on a 
quarterly basis for indications of impairment. 

PRIMARY FACTORS AFFECTING RESULTS OF 
OPERATIONS 
TORM generates revenue by charging customers for 
the transportation of refined oil products and crude 
oil, using TORM’s tankers. TORM’s focus is on 
maintaining a high-quality fleet, and TORM actively 
manages the deployment of the fleet between spot 

Time charter equivalent (TCE) earnings per available 
earning day 
TCE earnings per available earning day is defined as 
revenue less voyage expenses divided by the number 
of available earning days. Voyage expenses primarily 
consist of port and bunker expenses which are unique 
to a particular voyage, which would otherwise be paid 
by a charterer under a time charter, as well as 
commissions, freight, and bunker derivatives. TORM 
believes that presenting revenue net of voyage 
expenses neutralizes the variability created by unique 
costs associated with particular voyages or the 
deployment of vessels on the spot market and 
facilitates comparisons between periods on a 
consistent basis. Under time charter contracts, the 
charterer pays the voyage expenses, while under 
voyage charter contracts the shipowner pays these 
expenses. A charterer has the choice of entering a 
time charter (which may be a one-trip time charter) or 
a voyage charter. TORM is neutral as to the charterer’s 
choice because TORM primarily bases its financial 
decisions on expected TCE rates rather than expected 
revenue. The analysis of revenue is therefore primarily 
based on developments in TCE earnings. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

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ACQUISITIONS AND CAPITAL EXPENDITURE 
As of 31 December 2021, TORM had one LR2 
newbuilding under construction which was delivered 5 
January 2022. The value of the prepayments included 
in the total asset value amounts to USD 12m compared 
to USD 12m in 2020.  

RETURNS TO SHAREHOLDERS 
The Board of Directors has decided to recommend 
that no dividends be paid for 2021. 

FINANCIAL REVIEW 2021 

Spot charter rates 
A spot market voyage charter is generally a contract 
to carry a specific cargo from a load port to a 
discharge port for an agreed freight rate per ton of 
cargo or a specified total amount. Under spot market 
voyage charters, TORM pays voyage expenses such as 
port, canal, and bunker costs. 

Spot charter rates are volatile and fluctuate on a 
seasonal and year-to-year basis. Fluctuations derive 
from imbalances in the availability of cargos for 
shipment and the number of vessels available at any 
given time to transport these cargos. Vessels 
operating in the spot market generate revenue which 
is less predictable but may enable TORM to capture 
increased profit margins during periods of 
improvements in tanker freight rates. 

Time charter rates 
A time charter is generally a contract to charter a 
vessel for a fixed period of time at a set daily or 
monthly rate. Under time charters, the charterer pays 
voyage expenses such as port, canal, and bunker 
costs. Vessels operating on time charters provide 
more predictable cash flows but can yield lower profit 
margins than vessels operating in the spot market 
during periods characterized by favorable market 
conditions. 

Available earning days 
Available earning days are the total number of days in 
a period when a vessel is ready and available to 
perform a voyage, meaning that the vessel is not off-
hire or in dry-dock. For the owned vessels, this is 
calculated by taking operating days and subtracting 
off-hire days and days in dry-dock. For the chartered-
in vessels, no such calculation is required, because 
charter hire is only paid on earning days and not for 
off-hire days or days in dry-dock. 

Operating days 
Operating days are the total number of available days 
in a period with respect to the owned vessels, before 
deducting unavailable days due to off-hire days and 
days in dry-dock. Operating days is a measurement 
which is only applicable to the owned vessels, not to 
the time chartered-in vessels. 

Operating expenses per operating day 
Operating expenses per operating day are defined as 
crew wages and related costs, the costs of spares and 
consumable stores, expenses relating to repairs and 
maintenance (excluding capitalized dry-docking), the 
cost of insurance and other expenses on a per-
operating-day basis. Operating expenses are only paid 
for owned vessels. TORM does not pay such costs for 
the time chartered-in vessels, as they are paid by the 
vessel owner and instead factored into the charter hire 
cost. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

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FINANCIAL REVIEW 2021 

GOING CONCERN 
As of 31 December 2021, TORM’s available liquidity 
including undrawn and committed facilities was USD 
210m, including a total cash position of USD 172m 
(including restricted cash of USD 27m). TORM’s net 
interest-bearing debt was USD 972m, and the net 
debt loan-to-value ratio was 52.3%. Further 
information on TORM’s objectives and policies for 
managing its capital, its financial risk management 
objectives and its exposure to credit and liquidity risk 
can be found in Note 21 to the financial statements. 
The principal risks and uncertainties facing TORM are 
set out on pages 65-69 and details on the liquidity and 
capital resources are described in Note 2. 

TORM monitors its funding position throughout the 
year to ensure that it has access to sufficient funds to 
meet its forecast cash requirements, including 
newbuilding and loan commitments, and to monitor 
compliance with the financial covenants in our loan 
facilities, details of which are available in Note 2 to the 
financial statements. A key element for TORM’s 
financial performance in the going concern period 
relates to the development of the COVID-19 pandemic 
and related effect on the oil demand and supply 
balance. TORM’s base case assumes the oil markets to 
reach a pre-covid level during the second half of 2022 
with freight rates and vessel values materializing 
above 2021 levels. In the base case, TORM has 
sufficient liquidity and headroom above all the 
covenant limits. TORM also pays special attention to 
the significantly increased geopolitical risk following 
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 and the 

associated effects on the product tanker market. 
market. The immediate impact is that the uncertainty 
and potential for re-routing of trade flows has sent the 
tanker freight rates in the European markets upwards.  
The financial impact going forward is uncertain, but 
TORM currently expects that the possible effects are 
covered within the below sensitivity calculations. 

TORM performs sensitivity calculations to reflect 
downside scenarios including, but not limited to, 
future freight rates and vessel valuations in order to 
identify risks to future liquidity and covenant 
compliance and to enable Management to take 
corrective actions, if required. The downside scenarios 
cover the principal risks and uncertainties facing 
TORM as set out on pages 65-69 and include different 
distressed outlooks for the product tanker market. In a 
low case scenario, Management has assumed freight 
rates which on average are approximately 25% below 
those in the base case and a related decline in vessel 
values. In the low case scenario, there remains 
sufficient headroom on liquidity and covenants. In a 
stress case scenario, Management has further stressed 
the freight rates to the lowest rolling four quarter 
average since 2000. In the stress case scenario, 
certain actions will be required to maintain covenant 
compliance. Such actions are assessed to be 
achievable also in a stress case scenario and could 
include elements such as sale of older vessels.  

The Board of Directors has considered TORM’s cash 
flow forecasts and the expected compliance with 
TORM’s financial covenants for the period until 31 

March 2023. TORM’s cash flow forecast and expected 
covenant compliance are based on the business plan 
approved by the Board of Directors. Based on this 
review, the Board of Directors has a reasonable 
expectation that taking reasonably possible changes 
in trading performance and vessel valuations into 
account, TORM will be able to continue the 
operational existence and comply with its financial 
covenants for the period until 31 March 2023. 
Accordingly, TORM continues to adopt the going 
concern basis in preparing its financial statements. 

LONG-TERM VIABILITY STATEMENT 
In accordance with provision 31 of the UK Corporate 
Governance Code, the Board of Directors confirms 
that they have a reasonable expectation that TORM 
will continue in operation and meet its liabilities as 
they fall due for the three-year period ending 31 
December 2024. This period has been selected for the 
following reasons: 
•  A period of three years is generally in line with the 
forecast horizon for external equity analysts 
covering the shipping sector 
TORM will have paid its commitments relating to 
its remaining newbuilding and will as of 31 
December 2024 not have any currently known 
off-balance sheet liabilities 
The current key uncertainty in the product tanker 
market relating to the rebound of the global oil 
market is expected to be determined by the 
development of the COVID-19 pandemic and is 
expected to be resolved within the three-year 
horizon 

• 

• 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

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FINANCIAL REVIEW 2021 

•  Within the three-year horizon, there is reasonable 
certainty related to the impact from climate 
changes and additional regulatory requirement 
related thereto 

The assessment of the Board of Directors has been 
made with reference to TORM’s current financial 
position and prospects. The assessment of financial 
performance and cash flows is primarily dependent on 
the expectations for: 
•  Demand-supply picture in the product tanker 

sector including the expected vessel values and 
freight rates achieved by TORM, which in addition 
also covers the outlook related to COVID-19 and 
climate change developments 

•  Development of the fleet 
•  Operating and administrative expenses 
•  Capital expenditures covering newbuildings and 
maintenance of the existing fleet including 
installation of scrubbers and Ballast Water 
Treatment Systems 
•  Changes in interest rates 

The expected financial performance and cash flows 
are based on the same underlying assumptions as 
used in TORM’s general financial planning. These 
assumptions are consistent with those used in TORM’s 
impairment test, further details of which are provided 
in Note 8 to the financial statements. Vessel values 
used in forecasting compliance with financial 
covenants are based on the latest market valuations 
from two independent, recognized shipbrokers. The 
expected outlook has then been subject to a stress 

test and sensitivity analysis over the three-year period, 
using a conservative outlook for the product tanker 
sector with sensitivities including freight rates and 
vessel values. Management has assumed that low case 
and stress case freight rate assumptions as per the 
going concern assessment continue throughout the 
viability period and has further sensitized the vessel 
values downward over the period to reflect a 
continued downturn. In the base and low case 
scenario, sufficient liquidity and headroom on all 
covenants are maintained.  In the stress case scenario, 
Management’s actions will be required to maintain 
compliance with covenants, and should the product 
tanker market (in terms of either freight rates or vessel 
values) materialize significantly below TORM’s 
expectations for a prolonged period, there is a risk of 
a covenant breach after the going concern period, 
which would require mitigating actions, including cost 
savings, sale of vessels or increased leverage which 
are considered within Management’s control and 
achievable. Management would also consider 
obtaining appropriate waivers and although they 
would be confident of obtaining them these are not 
within Management’s control. 

In addition, TORM has considered the significantly 
increased geopolitical risk following Russia’s invasion 
of Ukraine in February 2022 and the associated effects 
on the product tanker market. The immediate impact 
is that the uncertainty and potential for re-routing of 
trade flows has sent the tanker freight rates in the 
European markets upwards. The financial impact 
going forward is uncertain, but TORM currently 

expects that the possible effects are covered by the 
performed stress test and sensitivity analysis over the 
three-year period.  

The Board of Directors monitors if TORM is moving 
towards a covenant breach in order to incorporate 
any mitigating actions in due course on an ongoing 
basis. Based on the sensitivity analysis, the Board of 
Directors does not currently expect that TORM will 
breach its financial covenants or experience a liquidity 
shortfall over the three-year forecast period. 

The Board of Directors has also considered the long-
term prospects of TORM beyond the three-year 
forecast viability horizon. In doing so, the Board of 
Directors has taken the long-term risks and 
opportunities for TORM discussed elsewhere in the 
strategic report and the potential impact of economic 
volatility, climate change agenda, new regulations, 
technological disruption and general changes in the 
utilization of energy sources into consideration. Based 
on this assessment and taking the current capital 
structure and TORM’s operational platform into 
account, the Board of Directors believes that TORM is 
well positioned both to respond to these risks and to 
take advantage of any positive market developments 
for a period beyond the three-year forecast horizon. 

On behalf of TORM plc 

Kim Balle 
Chief Financial Officer 
TORM A/S 
23 March 2022 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

REVIEW AND RISK 

64 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RISK MANAGEMENT  

In order for TORM to remain a sustainable business, we must anticipate and adapt to our ever-changing environment and be ready to seize the 
opportunities this brings. We face a diverse set of risks and managing these systematically is key in order for us to create and protect value over 
the short, medium and long term. 

RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK 
We acknowledge that TORM faces a range of risks in 
doing business and that our success depends on 
identifying, balancing, and deciding on how best to 
manage and mitigate these risks. TORM believes that a 
strong risk management framework is vital to protect 
TORM.  

On an annual basis, we conduct an Enterprise Risk 
Management process, during which the critical risks 
that are facing TORM are identified, assessed, and 
discussed by TORM’s Senior Management Team and 
subsequently approved by the Risk Committee.  

TORM’s risk assessment process 

Risk types 

Risk assessment is made of the 
potential financial, reputational and 
compliance impact of individual risks.  
Risks are assessed as to whether they 
are of a Short-term, Recurring or Long-
term (Emerging Risks) nature.  

Risk appetite 

The Senior Management Team and the 
Risk Committee decide on TORM’s risk 
appetite for principal risk exposures. 

The objective is for TORM and its shareholders to be 
adequately rewarded for accepting risk, and that the 
governance structure tailored to oversee the risk 
management is in place, so risks are mitigated to the 
extent desired.  

TORM’S CURRENT RISK PROFILE 
The Board of Directors and the Senior Management 
Team have carried out a robust assessment, under the 
Corporate Governance Code, of the principal and 
emerging risks facing the TORM, including those that 
would threaten its business model, future 
performance, solvency or liquidity and reputation. 
All risks are repeated from last year, albeit with slight 
adjustments.  

A detailed description of each of the top risks is 
available on pages 68-69. The focus below is the 
development in the risks. 

In 2021, TORM experienced continued volatility in the 
product tanker market caused by the COVID-19 
pandemic. TORM’s market risk exposure remains high, 
and we are exposed to potentially adverse market 
conditions, including the impact on freight rates and 
vessel values. Because TORM’s fleet has increased to 
approximately 84 vessels, exposure to adverse 
development in freight rates increased slightly. Market 
risks associated with unexpected changes in vessel 
values have a significant impact on the value of TORM. 
During 2021, TORM expanded its fleet and therefore 
the gross risk related to unexpected declines in values 
also increased. However, TORM removed part of the 
vessel value risk through operating sale and leaseback 
financing structures. Consequently, the risk is deemed 
to be at the same level as last year.  

The Oil Companies International Marine Forum 
(OCIMF) is overhauling its Ship Inspection Report 
Program (SIRE) by introducing a more comprehensive 
inspection process from Q4 2022. The new program, 
SIRE 2.0, will facilitate a risk-based approach to 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

REVIEW AND RISK 

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RISK MANAGEMENT 

assessing the safety and quality of a vessel and its 
crew on an ongoing basis, but will require a “change in 
mindset” from the industry, OCIMF has warned. This 
may negatively impact observation levels. TORM 
allocates resources to implement the new standards 
and is well prepared for the more comprehensive 
requirements. Oil major approval risk is at a low level 
due to continued focus and efficient controls and is 
expected to be reduced once fully implemented. 

IT and cyber security is the risk relating to system 
unavailability and data loss due to cyber-attack. 
Increasing interconnectivity and “commercialization” 
of cyber-crime are driving a higher frequency and 
severity of incidents. In addition to loss of customer 
data and the impact of business interruption, loss of 
reputation can be a cause for financial loss for 
businesses after an incident. The cyber risk continues 
to be acknowledged by TORM as a business risk and 
not only an IT risk. Mitigating activities include 
business continuity plans and assessment of critical 
systems. TORM considers the impact to be limited due 
to its business model and current mitigating activities.  

TORM’s financial gearing, liquidity buffer, and break-
even level have been maintained at an acceptable 
level. However, because of TORM’s larger fleet, the 
liquidity exposure and thus the risk has increased 
slightly. Likelihood of sustained low freight rates is 
considered to be a lower due to more positive market 
fundamentals with low oil inventories and demand 
expected to return.  

Read more about mandates and sensitivity analysis 
of the various risks on page 148-151 

EMERGING RISKS – CLIMATE  
As part of the Enterprise Risk Management process, 
long-term (emerging) risks are reported to the Risk 
Committee, facilitating a discussion and evaluation of 
mitigating activities to reduce the uncertainty.  
Like other ship operators TORM is subject to the  

impact of climate change on its business model. it is 
difficult to predict the longer-term future given the 
wide range of potential outcomes associated with the 
many variables and varying emissions pathways.  

At the more extreme scenarios, the consequences are 
potentially severe, with society likely to face 
transformational change.  

TOP RISK HEAT MAP
TORM TOP RISKS WITHIN THE COMING 12 MONTHS – POST-MITIGATION ACTIVITIES:

2020

2021

Unchanged

s
e
c
n
e
u
q
e
s
n
o
C

Worst 
case

Major

Moderate

Minor

Min. 
effect

A

A

B

F

I

I

E

J

D

D

G

H

H

A Tanker freight rates

B Bunker price

C

C Asset management risk

D Oil major approval

E Severe vessel accident

F Maritime safety threats

G Legal compliance

H IT and cyber security

I Liquidity risk

J Terms and sources of funding

Rare

Unlikely

Possible

Likely

Frequent

Likelihood

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

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RISK MANAGEMENT 

This makes climate change and the risk faced by 
TORM broad in nature. Climate change is likely to have 
far-reaching consequences for TORM in the long term 
and to impact several areas of core business activities. 
TORMs emerging risks are in essence viewed as 
directly related to climate change. TORM considers 
the main long-term risks to be:  

Technology of vessels 
Requirements from society and regulation to operate 
vessels using cleaner technologies pose a transition 
risk to TORM and other vessel owners as existing 
vessels may become obsolete earlier than initially 
expected or even render vessels redundant. Older 
vessels are considered particularly vulnerable. 

Peak oil demand  
Industry-changing risks such as the substitution of oil 
for other energy sources and technological changes 
have the possibility to alter the landscape of the 
markets that TORM serves and as such radically 
change transportation patterns. In the long term, this 
will most likely have a negative impact on the tanker 
markets. When oil demand will peak is highly 
uncertain. According to several prominent oil market 
observers, such as the International Energy Agency 
and WoodMackenzie, there is little reason to believe 
that once it does peak, oil demand will fall sharply. 
TORM believes that the demand for oil and oil-related 
products will phase out over a longer period, which 
leaves TORM with time to adjust its business. To 
monitor the risk, TORM reports to the Risk Committee 
on the development of “disruption indicators”, which 
functions as a warning sign as to whether the strategy 
needs to be reconsidered. Indicators are adjusted 
when appropriate. During 2021, disruption indicators 
became a reoccurring agenda point at all Risk 
Committee meetings. 

Due to magnitude of the risk, TORM has, through 
Board Master Classes, sought to acquire more clarity 
on the obstacles and timing of the fuel propulsion 
transition. TORMs perception is that there seems to a 
number of obstacles that needs to be overcome in 
order for the fuel transition to occur, these are: 

1.  The maritime industry is complex, global, and 

decentralized 

2.  Current cost gap between conventional fossil 

fuels and alternative fuels are high, leaving few 
financial incentives to make the switch 

3.  And even if, ship-owners wanted to switch, the 
supply-chains of alternative fuels are not yet 
ready for global distribution to accelerate the 
transition. 

TORM believes the right path in the short to medium 
term is to focus on improving fuel efficiency using 
existing technologies. Through collaborations and 
partnerships, TORM will continue to participate in the 
long-term development to decarbonize the shipping 
industry. 

Insufficient access to financing 
The challenges of new regulation, such as the IMO 
2020 sulfur regulation, IMO’s commitment to a 50% 
reduction of CO2 emissions and other initiatives, such 
as the EU Taxonomy, may result in a reduced ability 
for vessel owners to obtain equity or debt financing. It 
may also affect pricing, due to a potential reallocation 
of funds within the banks and investors available to 
shipping. Equity investors, subject to environmental 
regimes such as SFDR, are selective and are 
increasingly seeking green investments and banks 
have adopted the “Poseidon Principles” to ensure that 
lenders disclose and confront climate change. Not 
only will this impact TORM’s ability to fund 
investments, but it will also impact smaller shipowners, 
who have historically bought of TORM’s older vessels. 

Navigating these new complex issues may turn out to 
be an opportunity for TORM. By setting ambitious 
emission targets, TORM seeks to position itself with an 
attractive profile for banks and investors. 

As TORM’s emerging risks develop and become more 
tangible to the industry, they may impact several of 
the top risks outlined in the top risk heat map. In 
particular, reduction or acceleration of peak oil 
demand could impact the risk related to freight rates. 

The technology of vessels could impact the risk 
related to asset management as vessel values may 
decline, and the trend towards TORM’s stakeholder 
becoming increasingly affected by climate change 
may increase the risk of insufficient access to 
financing. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

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RISK MANAGEMENT 

Description of top risks 

Industry or market-related risks 

Operational risks 

Tanker 
freight rate 

 Bunker price 

Asset 
Management 

Oil major 
approval 

Severe  
vessel accident 

Maritime  
safety threats 

Sustained low tanker 
freight rates or inability 
to predict and respond 
timely and accurately 
to freight rate 
developments 

Unexpected bunker 
price increases that are 
not covered by 
corresponding freight 
rate increases 

Unexpected value 
depreciation of vessels, 
the most exposed 
vessels are older 
vessels due to new 
legislation driven by 
the climate change 
agenda 

A sudden and 
unexpected breach in 
quality requirements of 
a single vessel or 
continuous decrease in 
quality across the fleet  

A severe vessel 
accident such as an 
environmental disaster 
or material damage or 
personal injury. 

A maritime venture has 
inherent hazards. Events 
such as piracy and 
terrorism are considered 
main security risks 

TORM’s profitability will 
be negatively impacted 
in case of a distressed 
product tanker market. 

Vulnerability to a 
sustained increase in 
the bunker price and 
pass-through to 
charterers may not 
have an immediate 
effect, meaning that 
TORM may bear the 
full effect of price 
increases. 

Decline with TORMs 
net asset value, which 
can lead to a 
requirement from 
banks to provide 
additional security. 
TORM is also exposed 
to cyclical asset prices 
and contracted at too 
high prices. 

The risk of a partial 
ban of the TORM 
tanker fleet by one or 
more oil majors.  

TORM’s involvement in 
an environmental 
disaster will damage 
the Company’s 
reputation and impair 
the tradability with oil 
majors. 

Events such as piracy 
and terrorism could result 
in kidnapping of or injury 
to seafarers or vessel 
damage. 

TORM’s spot-oriented 
strategy limits possible 
mitigation. Time 
charter-outs and FFA 
coverage are 
considered when terms 
and pricing are deemed 
attractive. 

In general, TORM does 
not hedge future 
bunker expenses. In 
case freight income is 
fixed, TORM hedges 
future bunker 
exposures 

With a conservative 
capital structure, focus 
on loan-to-value and 
close view of the 
market TORM 
maintains flexibility 
and an ability to act on 
the asset market 

TORM’s integrated 
platform with in-house 
safety, technical and 
operational staff 
secures continued 
focus on quality and 
high vetting standards 

Disaster recovery 
plans for emergency 
situations are in place. 
Ongoing safety 
resilience program to 
enhance safety culture, 
including officers being  
trained as “safety 
ambassadors”. 

TORM’s Trading 
Restrictions Committee 
has oversight of security 
threats and decides how 
best to avoid and 
mitigate the risk. TORM 
follows all industry best 
practices and has 
procedures in case of an 
incident. 

Risk 

Potential  
impact 

Mitigating 
activities 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

REVIEW AND RISK 

68 

 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
RISK MANAGEMENT 

Description of top risks 

Compliance risks 

Financial risks 

  Legal compliance 

  IT and cyber security 

  Liquidity risk 

Terms and sources  
of funding 

Legal or policy non-compliance or 
ethical misconduct. The risk consists 
of competition law, corruption, fraud 
and sanctions. 

System unavailability and data loss 
due to cyber-attack due to 
increasing interconnectivity and 
severe external threat of cyber-
crime are driving higher frequency 
and severity of incidents 

Liquidity risk is driven by financial 
gearing, liquidity reserve, 
distribution policy, maintenance 
requirements, fleet employment 
strategy and required vessel 
investments. 

Inability to obtain equity or debt 
financing on attractive terms due to 
a narrower range of banks and 
investors being willing to support 
the shipping industry with the usual 
funding structures. 

TORM’s inability to comply with rules 
and regulations could lead to 
penalties, reputational damage or 
the inability to operate in key 
markets.  

Business interruption and disruption 
to trading resulting in loss of 
business or theft of money.  

Sustained low freight  
rates or another unforeseen adverse 
development could jeopardize  
the liquidity, lead to covenant 
breaches and hence inflict costs and 
lack of operational maneuverability. 

Inability to grow the business or 
maintain the current average fleet 
age. TORM’s long-term profitability 
will be negatively impacted. 

Compliance and awareness training 
is mandatory for all employees. In 
connection with sanctions, a know-
your-customer screening system is 
implemented.  

Business continuity plans 
implemented covering the entire 
group. Plan includes assessment 
and contingency of critical systems 
in case of business interruption. 
Continuous focus on capacity to 
detect and react on cyber-attacks.  

Conservative financial leverage 
guided by short-and long-term cash 
flow forecasting with stress-testing 
of critical assumptions. Constantly 
maintaining a tangible catalogue of 
available liquidity enhancing 
initiatives 

TORM has a conservative capital 
structure profile and has access to 
multiple funding sources. TORM has 
no larger debt repayments until 
2026  

Risk 

Potential  
impact 

Mitigating 
activities 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

REVIEW AND RISK 

69 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
GOVERNANCE 

GOVERNANCE 

GOVERNANCE INTRODUCTION 
Chairman’s Introduction 

GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE 
TORM’s Governance Structure 
Board of Directors 
Board and Committee Meeting Attendance 
Board Activities 

COMMITTEE REPORTS 
Audit Committee Report 
Risk Committee Report 
Nomination Committee Report 
Remuneration Committee Report 

OTHER 
Investor Information 
Engagement and Decision Making 
Directors’ Report 
Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 
Safe Habor Statement 

71 

73 
75 
76 
77 

79 
85 
87 
89 

100 
104 
107 
110 
112 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 
TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

REVIEW AND RISK 
GOVERNANCE 

70 
70 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 CHAIRMAN’S INTRODUCTION  

Board leadership  
The Board continues to focus on promoting the long-
term sustainable success of TORM, having regard to 
wider stakeholder interests. This includes contributing 
to the wider needs of society.  

In 2021, there were no changes to the Board of 
Directors, however, TORM said goodbye to Torben 
Janholt, a Board observer and former Director. The 
membership of the Board is drawn from a diverse mix 
of nationalities, gender, and backgrounds which bring 
the relevant skills and knowledge to provide a positive 
contribution to the Board.  

TORM’s performance as outlined in this Annual Report, 
demonstrates the success of this focus by the Board 
and our Chief Executive Officer, Jacob Meldgaard. With 
the Chief Executive’s leadership and the Senior 
Management Team fully supported by the Directors, I 
am confident that TORM’s Board of Directors is well 
placed to lead the successful growth of TORM going 
forward.  

Shareholders  
The relationship with our shareholders is of 
fundamental importance. Despite the pandemic, TORM 
has ensured consistent communication and 
development through continued quarterly reporting, 
stock exchange announcements and analyst and 
industry investor meetings. With the restrictions 
imposed by the pandemic, TORM has also organized 
and conducted conference calls and investor 

presentations through the use of digital platforms. 
TORM believes that its transparent company structure 
and corporate governance principles enhance the 
attractiveness of its shares. 

Employees  
TORM uses every opportunity to ensure that all our 
seafarers have the opportunity to be vaccinated. In 
various ports in the US and Europe, TORM has 
successfully conducted vaccination drives for our 
vessels and has vaccinated more than 1,000 crew 
members. In 2021, during the pandemic, TORM 
introduced the “Well at TORM” program aimed at 
focusing on the wellbeing of our seafarers.  

Read more about TORM's People on page 41  

Customers  
The relationship with our customers continues to be 
strong. TORM’s modern and well-maintained fleet with 
majority of the vessels being scrubber-fitted further 
provides TORM and its customers with enhanced 
flexibility as well as reduced fuel costs. 

Suppliers  
Throughout 2021 and the continued pandemic, the 
maintenance of strong, reliable supply chains has been 
essential. We continue to create jointly valuable 
relationships with our suppliers by encouraging best 
practice, and we expect that our suppliers comply with 
recognized international standards and work to 
improve human rights, labor conditions, impact on the 
environment, safety, corruption, and quality.  

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 
Throughout 2021 as in 2020, the challenges of COVID-
19 have once again proven the reliability of the One 
TORM platform. I am pleased that TORM as an 
organization has been able to adjust operationally, 
socially, and managerially to the demands of the 
pandemic. In these circumstances, the quality of 
leadership, the strength of board membership, and the 
value of our relationships with employees, customers, 
suppliers, and local communities demonstrate their 
importance. 

As Chairman, I am pleased to confirm that also in 2021 
TORM responded strongly to all challenges through the 
One TORM platform and the deliverance of strong 
corporate governance. In the following paragraphs, I 
have tried to provide some deeper insight into our 
performance.  

 TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

GOVERNANCE INTRODUCTION 

71 

Governance Introduction 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAIRMAN’S INTRODUCTION 

Community  
As a company, we have a history of supporting the 
communities in which we work and the needs of the 
people we serve.  

Read more about TORM's connection to the 
surrounding communities on pages 45-46 

Sustainability  
Environmental, Social and Governance have become a 
major focus area for the Board and was discussed 
widely throughout 2021. I am pleased that as TORM 
announced in January 2022, TORM became a Missions 
Ambassador of the Maersk McKinney Møller Center for 
Zero Carbon Shipping and continues to be an active 
member of Danish Shipping, with the aim to impact the 
decision making in IMO on the ongoing discussions on 
the implementation of CO2 related regulations. 
Together with TORM’s Management, the Board has 
been working with masterclass sessions encompassing 
subjects such as future fuels and next generation LR2 
vessels, but also on more near-term potential 
challenges, such as the access to capital markets. As a 
company, TORM considers it a priority to deliver 
measurable and reportable performance in all key 
areas.  

Following a thorough review, TORM has set a target to 
reduce its relative CO2 emissions by 45% by 2030 
compared to IMO’s 2008 baseline and be climate 
neutral from operating our fleet by 2050. To support 
this ambitious target, TORM’s management will be 
measured on achieving it.  

Read more about TORMs ESG journey from page 32  

The year ahead 
In the year ahead, the Board will among other topics 
again focus on ESG, where TORM will investigate the 
potential of green business adjacencies that can co-
create long-term value and optionality for TORM. The 
focus will also be on advanced analytics and applied AI 
competences as well as disruptive indicators, such as 
oil demand, mobility, biofuels consumption and their 
effect on peak oil demand. 

Read more about TORMs focus on adjacent business 
on page 22 

Christopher H. Boehringer 
Chairman of the Board

 TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

GOVERNANCE INTRODUCTION 

72 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TORM’S GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE 

The Board of Directors 

Chaired by Christopher H. Boehringer.  
The Board of Directors holds six prescheduled meetings on an annual basis, but usually holds several ad hoc meetings. The duties of the Board of Directors include establishing policies for 
strategy, accounting, organization, finance, and the appointment of executive officers. The Board of Directors governs TORM in accordance with the limits prescribed by the Articles of 
Association or by any special resolution of the shareholders. 

Chairman 

Senior Independent Director 

Non-Executive Directors 

Executive Directors 

Board Observers 

Leads the Board of Directors, sets 
the agenda, and promotes a culture 
of open debate between Executive 
and Non-Executive Directors. 
Meets regularly with the Chief 
Executive Officer, the other 
Executive Directors, and other 
senior management executives to 
stay informed. 

Ensures that the views of each 
Non-Executive Director are given 
due consideration.  
Available to both Non-Executive 
Directors and shareholders if they 
have concerns.  
Meets with each Non-Executive 
Director on an annual basis to 
appraise the performance of the 
Chairman. 

Committed to contributing 
constructively, challenge and help 
develop proposals on strategy. 

Responsible for the day-to-day 
management of TORM, and 
responsible for TORM’s operational 
development, results, and internal 
development. 
Implements the strategies and 
overall decisions approved by the 
Board of Directors. 

Three types. Employee-elected, 
providing a communication 
platform between the employees 
and the Board of Directors. Minority 
Board Observer appointed by the B 
Shareholder and Board Member 
elected. All observers are entitled to 
attend and speak at Board 
meetings. 

Audit Committee  

Risk Committee  

Nomination Committee  

Remuneration Committee  

Chaired by Göran Trapp 
Meets a minimum of four times a year. 
Assists the Board of Directors in fulfilling its 
responsibilities relating to the oversight of the 
quality and integrity of the accounting, 
auditing, financial reporting, and risk 
management of TORM.  

Chaired by Göran Trapp 
Meets a minimum of three times a year. 
Responsible for supervisory oversight and 
monitors responsibilities with respect to 
internal controls and risk management  

Chaired by Christopher H. Boehringer 
Meets a minimum of twice a year. 
Reviews the structure, size, and composition 
(including skills, knowledge, experience, and 
diversity) of the Board of Directors and 
makes recommendations to the Board of 
Directors regarding any changes. 
Considers succession planning for Directors, 
the Chief Executive Officer, and others. 

Chaired by Christopher H. Boehringer 
Meets a minimum of twice a year. 
Assists the Board of Directors in reviewing 
Management’s performance and 
remuneration as well as TORM’s general 
remuneration policies 

Read more about the role and 
activities of the Audit Committee on 
pages 79-80 

Read more about the role and 
activities of the Risk Committee on 
page 85 

Read more about the role and 
activities of the Nomination 
Committee on pages 87-88 

Read more about the role and 
activities of the Remuneration 
Committee on pages 89-90 

Senior Management Team 

Consists of the following employees of TORM A/S (in addition to the Executive Director, Jacob Meldgaard): Kim Balle (Chief Financial Officer – CFO), Lars Christensen (Senior Vice President and 
Head of Projects) and Jesper S. Jensen (Senior Vice President and Head of Technical Division). The Senior Management Team holds weekly meetings. Assists the Executive Director in the day-to-
day management of the business. 

 TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE 

73 

Governance structure 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TORM’S GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE 

MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE AND DELEGATION OF 
AUTHORITY 
TORM’s Board of Directors sets TORM’s strategy and 
ensures that Management operates the business in 
accordance with this strategy. Details of the strategy 
and purpose are set out in the strategic report on 
pages 16-30. The Board of Directors has delegated the 
day-to-day management of the business to Executive 
Director Jacob Meldgaard. This includes TORM’s 
operational development and responsibility for 
implementing the strategy and overall decisions 
approved by the Board of Directors. The Executive 
Director also serves as Chief Executive Officer of the 
Group’s largest subsidiary, TORM A/S.  

Transactions of an unusual nature or of major 
importance may only be executed by the Executive 
Director based on a special authorization granted by 
the Board of Directors. If certain transactions cannot 
await approval by the Board of Directors due to their 
urgency, the Executive Director must, taking into 
consideration TORM’s interests to the extent possible, 
obtain the approval of the Chairman and ensure that 
the Board of Directors is subsequently informed. Any 
transaction must always be subject to the 
authorizations stated in TORM’s Articles of Association, 
including any approvals required by the Minority 
Director. The Executive Director is assisted by the 
Senior Management Team in the day-to-day 
management of the business. The Senior Management 
Team members are individually responsible for further 
delegation of authority in the organization. TORM 

maintains an overview of mandates and authorities for 
different levels in the organization. 

COMPLIANCE WITH THE UK CORPORATE 
GOVERNANCE CODE 
In respect of the year ended 31 December 2021, TORM 
Plc was subject to the UK Corporate Governance Code 
(available from www.frc.org.uk). TORM has considered 
the individual provisions and is compliant with 39 out 
of 41 provisions. The non-compliance with provisions 18 
and 32 is because of business decisions taken after 
careful consideration by the Board of Directors. No 
plan is currently in place to attain compliance with the 
below recommendations. In depth details on the non-
compliance can be found on pages 87 and 89. 

Composition, succession, and evaluation 

Appointments and succession planning  P. 88-89 
P. 76, 88 
Skills, experience, and knowledge 
P. 76 
Length of service 
P. 89 
Evaluation 
P. 43, 89 
Diversity 
P. 88 
Non-compliance 

Audit, risk and internal control 

Committee 
Integrity of financial statements 
Fair, balanced, and understandable 
Internal controls and risk management 
External auditor 
Principal and emerging risks 

P. 80-85 
P. 112, 167 
P. 83 
P. 84 
P. 84 
P. 66-70 

TORM Corporate Governance Statement on 
www.torm.com/investors/governance 

Remuneration 

Policies and practices 
Independent judgement and discretion 
Non-compliance 
Alignment with purpose, values and 
long-term strategy 

P. 90-100 
P. 93 
P. 90 
P. 91, 93 

Board Leadership and Company Purpose 

Long-term value and sustainability 
Culture 
Shareholder engagement 
Other stakeholder engagement 
Conflicts of interest 

P. 78 
P. 37, 47 
P. 35, 105 
P. 35, 105 
P. 28, 88 

Division of Responsibilities 

Role of the Chairman 
Division of responsibilities 
Non-Executive Directors 
Independence 

P. 74 
P. 74 
P. 74 
P. 53, 88 

 TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE 

74 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BOARD OF DIRECTORS 

Christopher H Boehringer 
Non-Executive Director and 
Chairman of TORM’s  
Board of Directors 

Nationality: Canadian 
First elected: 2015 

Employment: Managing Director and 
Head of Europe, Oaktree Capital 
Management (International) Limited 
Skills and experience: Shipping, 
strategy, capital investment, M&A. 
Goldman Sachs, FI Travel 
Corporation, Warburg Dillon 
Read/SG Warburg, and LTU GmbH & 
Co 

External appointments: 
Utmost Group, Marco Capital 
Holdings Limited and Oaktree Capital 
Management (International) Limited 

David Neil Weinstein 
Senior Independent Director and 
Deputy Chairman of TORM’s Board 
of Directors 

Nationality: American 
Appointed: 2015, continues until 
removed by the B-shareholder 
Employment: Senior Investment 
Banking, Governance and 
Reorganization Specialist 
Skills and experience: Strategy, capital, 
M&A, risk oversight, extensive public 
company and corporate governance 
experience, US listings (i.a. Seadrill Ltd, 
Stone Energy Corp, and Deep Ocean 
Group) and as Managing Director of 
Calyon Securities Inc, BNP Paribas, 
Bank of Boston and Chase Securities 
Inc. Global Business 
External appointments: N/A 

Göran Trapp 
Non-Executive Director 

Annette Malm Justad 
Non-Executive Director 

Jacob B Meldgaard 
Executive Director and  
Chief Executive Officer 

Nationality: Swedish 
First elected: 2015 

Nationality: Norwegian 
First elected: 2020 

Nationality: Danish 
First elected: 2015 

Employment: Board member 

Employment: Board member 

Skills and experience: Shipping, 
strategy, customers, capital, finance. 
Morgan Stanley crude oil trader, 
Head of Oil Products Trading Europe 
& Asia, Global Head of Oil Trading 
and Head of Commodities EMEA. 
Business development and oil trading 
at Equinor. Founding director of 
energy advisory boutique Energex 
External appointments: Board 
member of Energex Partners Ltd. 

Skills and experience: Shipping, 
strategy, customers, capital, finance. 
More than 25 years of executive 
experience from shipping and 
industry including CEO of Oslo listed 
Eitzen Maritime Services ASA from 
2006-2010. The last 10 years as 
independent consultant and non-
executive board member 
External appointments: Partner at 
Recore Norway AS. Chair of the 
Board of Directors of Store Norske 
Spitsbergen Kulkompani AS, 
American Shipping Company ASA, 
Småkraft AS and Norske tog AS. 
Board member of Awilco LNG ASA, 
PowerCell Sweden AB and 
RECSilicon ASA 

Employment: Chief Executive Officer 
of TORM plc since 01 April 2010 

Skills & experience: Shipping, 
customers, strategy, capital, M&A, 
US listing. Previously served as 
Executive Vice President of 
Dampskibsselskabet NORDEN A/S 
and held a number of management 
positions in J. Lauritzen A/S and A. 
P. Møller-Maersk 

External appointments: Chairman of 
the Board of Danish Shipping and 
Grant Compass A/S and Board 
member of Danish Ship Finance, 
SYFOGLOMAD Ltd, and the TORM 
Foundation 

Committees: 

C 

C 

Committees: 

Committees: 

C 

C 

Committees: 

Committees: None 

Audit: 

Risk: 

Nomination: 

Remuneration: 

Chairman: 

C 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE 

75 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BOARD AND COMMITTEE MEETING ATTENDANCE 

Audit 

Risk 

Nomination 

Remuneration 

Board 

Committee 

Committee 

Committee 

Committee 

Meetings held in 2021 1) 

Chairman of the Board 

Christopher Boehringer 

Senior Independent Non-Executive Director 

David N. Weinstein 

Executive Director 

Jacob Meldgaard 

Non-Executive Independent Directors 

Annette Malm Justad 

Göran Trapp 

Board Observers 

Christian Gorrissen 

Jeffrey S. Stein 

Rasmus J. Skaun Hoffmann 

C 

C 

C 

C 

C 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

5 

3 

5 

5 

5 

3 

3 

3 

2 

2 

2 

2 

7 

7 

7 

7 

1) Please note that all Board and Committee meetings in 2021 were held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic 

Board of Directors: 

Audit: 

Risk: 

Nomination: 

` 

Remuneration: 

Chairman: 

C 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE 

76 

 
  
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BOARD ACTIVITIES 2021 

The Board of Directors’ activities are focused around 
TORM’s strategic ambitions and a transparent 
governance framework. The topics below set out the 
key areas of focus for the Board during 2021. 

TORM’s governance structure is described on pages 
73-74  

Learn more about the activities of the Committees 
on page 79-99 

LEADING PRODUCT TANKER OWNER 
In continuation of the past years’ fleet renewal and fleet 
growth, TORM’s Management and Board of Directors 
have been involved in a number of vessel acquisitions. 
The purpose is to maintain the position as a leading 
product tanker owner with a modern fleet capable of 
utilizing the commercial opportunities in the market.  

Acquisition of eight MR vessels 
During 2021, TORM acquired eight MR vessels of which 
six of them were with extended tank segregation (IMO 
2) making them capable of chemical trading. Although 
product tanker activity is the main purpose of these 
vessels, it may become convenient that the vessels 
have more capabilities going forward. The transaction 
was closed on a partly cash and partly share basis. 

Acquisition of three LR2 vessels 
Three 2015-built scrubber-fitted LR2 vessels were 
acquired in June 2021 to support TORM’s ambition to 
increase long haul optimized vessels. Refinery closures 
in many regions is likely to increase the need for these 

larger vessels making them a good fit for TORM’s 
future strong commercial performance. 

Financing 
The main part of the funding for these additional 
vessels acquisitions was made as bank financing, 
however, during 2021, TORM engaged in a number of 
sale and operating leaseback arrangements both as 
part of strengthening the liquidity position to prepare 
for fleet growth opportunities, but also as part of de-
risking the balance sheet for the longer term. TORM 
has a strong focus on the long-term risk of asset 
values, so operational leasing of assets is a means to 
reduce this risk with an acceptable increase in financial 
expenses.  

Changes in oil markets due to COVID-19 lockdowns 
As a consequence of the product stock building we 
saw in 2020, the Board of Directors has had an 
increased focus on the market development. The 
downward pressure on freight rates increased the need 
for companies to be robust. The Board of Directors has 
been updated on the capital structure and liquidity 
position of TORM and as a precautionary measure, it 
has at any given time a catalogue of liquidity enhancing 
initiatives, should that ever be required.  

During 2021, TORM supplemented the physical trading 
in the tanker market with trading FFAs (Forward 
Freight Agreements) in the paper markets. The Board 
of Directors has been in close dialogue with TORM on 
the benefits and risks related to these transactions.  

GREEN FUTURE WITH A ZERO EMISSION AMBITION 
Throughout the year, ESG has been high on the agenda 
of the Board of Directors and TORM’s first dedicated 
ESG report was released in March 2021. Since then, the 
Board of Directors has been working with ESG related 
risks and solutions in many ways. 

Deep dive on ESG 
ESG experts from banks and investors were invited to 
share their knowledge on how investors and lenders 
will change their approach to allocating capital to 
companies. There is an increasing focus on the green 
transition, and for TORM to remain attractive as a debt 
and equity funding target, it is important to be leading, 
when it comes to reducing emissions here and now and 
engaging in collaborations for a long-term zero 
emission business model. 

Disruption Indicator model 
The Risk Committee has significantly intensified the 
work with disruption indicators. Certain indicators, such 
as oil demand, mobility, Electric Vehicle uptake and 
biofuel consumption etc., will be monitored and 
measured against targets set by for instance IEA. If the 
indicators suggest a more aggressive development 
towards peak oil, the Board of Directors may consider 
additional analysis to be made to assess whether it will 
impact the assumptions underlying TORM’s strategy. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE 

77 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BOARD ACTIVITIES 2021 

Board Masterclasses  
It is the priority of the Board of Directors to keep 
knowledgeable of the development of new fuels and 
the implications to TORM. During the year, a number of 
sessions were set up to educate the Board on themes 
such as Power-to-X, future renewable energy capacity, 
carbon capture, different fuel types, and regulatory 
considerations. These masterclasses have been an 
important way for the Board to understand the risks 
and opportunities which lie ahead and will be used in 
the future strategic work. 

Meeting industry requirements 
Regardless of the fuel which TORM will transport in the 
future, it is important that TORM is a leader in reducing 
emissions today. That companies like TORM follow 
industry requirements is a ticket to play in the capital 
markets, since investors and lenders will become more 
and more selective, when allocating capital. After the 
end of 2021, TORM announced that the IMO 2030 goal 
of reducing emission by 40% will be reached already in 
2025, underlining that TORM has already accomplished 
a lot on fuel optimization and reducing CO2 emissions. 

Strategically important long-term collaborations 
Industry collaborations are the cornerstone of the long-
term sustainability of the shipping industry. During 
2021, the Board of Directors has together with 
Management assessed the initiatives which would be 
right for TORM to participate in for getting influence 
and insight. Already being a member of the Getting to 
Zero Coalition, TORM naturally signed up to the Call to 

Action for Shipping Decarbonization to urge 
governments to: 1) Commit to decarbonizing 
international shipping by 2050. 2) Support industrial 
scale zero emission shipping projects through national 
action. 3) Deliver policy measures which will make zero 
emission shipping the default choice by 2030. 

At the end of 2021, TORM took another step on the 
strategically important path of decarbonizing by 
signing up to the Mærsk McKinney Møller center for 
zero carbon shipping. Being a Mission Ambassador, 
TORM underlines the dedication to find solutions for a 
greener future. 

SUPERIOR OPERATING PLATFORM 
With COVID-19 still having a significant say in the 
global agenda, it is inevitable that it will be a part of 
companies’ operational challenges. It sets high 
requirements for performance of the commercial and 
technical departments, and maximum visibility of the 
entire value chain is very important.  

Vaccination of seafarers 
Throughout the pandemic, the Board of Directors has 
been informed about the situation and the measures 
taken by TORM to mitigate risks and challenging 
scenarios. It is clear to the Board of Directors that 
having all business-critical functions in-house is a great 
benefit in a world with different and constantly 
changing restrictions. As examples, crew change and 
vaccination of seafarers are simply easier to optimize 

with your commercial activities when you are in full 
control of both commercial and technical management. 

AI initiative  
In TORM’s efforts to run a reference product tanker 
platform, TORM consolidated the ongoing AI projects 
into a uniform organizational set-up during 2021. TORM 
is working on several AI initiatives, where two of them 
are the vessel positioning project and route 
optimization project. To ensure world class solutions, 
TORM has teamed up with a deep subject matter 
external advisory board consisting of specific AI 
experts. The purpose is to maintain a leading position 
in the prediction of which global basins to deploy our 
vessels in and to strengthen TORM’s voyage 
optimization algorithm modelling by creating an in-
house domain for detailed valuable data that will end 
up in fuel savings, CO2 emission reductions and 
superior commercial performance. The Board of 
Directors sees the initiative as a natural next step for 
TORM to remain the reference company when it comes 
to commercial performance. 

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REMUNERATION COMMITTEE REPORT 

AT A GLANCE 

Chairman  
Göran Trapp 

Members 
Annette Malm Justad 
David Weinstein 

Composition 
The Audit Committee is composed solely of 
independent Non

Executive Directors. 

‑

Meetings 
The Audit Committee had five scheduled meetings 
in 2021. Attendance by members at Committee 
meetings can be seen on page 76.  

2021 highlights 
•  Quarterly assessment of the impairment 
indicator test of the vessels in the fleet 
•  Going concern assessment and viability 

statements  

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 
This report provides an overview of how the Audit 
Committee operates, an insight into the Audit 
Committee’s activities and its role in monitoring and 
reviewing the integrity and quality of TORM’s financial 
statements, the effectiveness of internal controls, and 
related processes. 

THE ROLE OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE  

Read more about the Audit Committee’s area of 
responsibility on page 73 

Terms of Reference for the Audit Committee on 
www.torm.com/investors/governance 

Group Reporting, Compliance and Tax of TORM A/S 
together with senior representatives of TORM’s 
independent auditors are invited to attend all or parts 
of the meetings by invitation as appropriate. 

BUSSINESS UPDATES 

•  Quarterly overview of the product tanker market 
conditions and its impact on the quarterly results 
•  Regular operation updates on matters arising due 
to the COVID-19 pandemic and roll out of staff 
vaccinations 

•  Delivery of the eight MR product tanker vessels 
acquired and successful installation of scrubbers 
on 52 of our vessels till the date of this report, 
with another four installations scheduled to be 
completed by the end of 2022. In addition, one 
scrubber is scheduled to be installed in the first 
quarter of 2023. Upon completion, 57 vessels will 
be fitted with scrubbers, with the remaining 
vessels continuing to use compliant fuels with 
0.5% sulfur content. 

•  Review of the sale and leaseback transactions for 

the vessels  

AUDIT COMMITTEE MEMBERS 
The Board is satisfied that the Audit Committee meets 
the independence requirements and any applicable 
laws, regulations and listing requirements, including the 
UK Corporate Governance Code.  

The Audit Committee has deep knowledge and 
significant business experience in financial reporting, 
risk management, internal control, and strategic 
management. This combined knowledge and 
experience enables us to perform our duties properly. 
In addition, the Board of Directors believes that the 
members of the Audit Committee have the relevant 
shipping sector knowledge. In the opinion of the Board 
of Directors, the Chairman of the Audit Committee, 
Göran Trapp, meets the requirement of bringing recent 
financial experience to the Audit Committee.  

The Audit Committee also has access to the financial 
expertise in TORM and its independent auditors and 
can seek further professional advice at TORM’s 
expense, if required.  

MEETINGS 
The Audit Committee meets at least four times a year. 
The Chief Financial Officer of TORM A/S, the Head of 

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Risk and compliance 
•  Reports from Group Legal on the status of 

External audit 
•  Monitoring the effectiveness and quality of the 

significant litigations, claims, and investigations 
from tax authorities 

•  Compliance review of the UK corporate 

• 

governance recommendations 
The appropriateness of the Enterprise Risk 
Management Report representing critical risk 
factors, its ownership and governance, and 
alignment with the Risk Committee 

•  Concerns raised through the whistleblowing 

process and its remediations 

external audit process through examination and 
review of the coverage provided by the external 
auditor’s audit plan 

•  Reviewing reports from the external auditor over 

key audit and accounting matters, and business 
processes internal controls and IT systems. 

•  Agreeing the audit and non-audit fees of the 

external auditor during the year, including the 
objectivity and independence of the external 
auditor 

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES IN FOCUS 
Financial reporting 
•  Key elements of the Quarterly Reports and Annual 
Report and the estimates and judgements included 
in TORM’s financial disclosures 
The appropriateness of Management’s and the 
external auditor’s analysis and conclusions on 
judgmental accounting matters 

• 

•  An assessment of whether the Annual Report, 

taken as a whole, is fair, balanced, and 
understandable and whether our US annual report 
on Form 20-F complies with relevant US 
regulations with focus on clarity of disclosures, 
compliance with relevant legal and financial 
reporting standards and application of appropriate 
accounting policies and judgements 
The going concern assessment and adoption of the 
going concern basis in preparing the Annual 
Report and financial statements 
The external auditor’s reports on its audit of the 
financial statements, and reports from 
Management, the internal auditors, and the 
external auditor on the effectiveness of our system 
of internal controls and our internal control over 
financial reporting 

• 

• 

•  Compliance with applicable provisions of the 

Sarbanes-Oxley Act 

•  A quarterly assessment of the impairment indicator 

test of the vessels in the fleet

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SIGNIFICANT REPORTING ISSUES 
In the financial statements, there are several areas 
requiring the exercise of judgement by Management. 
The Audit Committee’s role is to assess whether the 
judgements made by Management are reasonable and 
appropriate. To assist in this evaluation, the CFO 
presents an accounting paper to the Audit Committee 
once a year, setting out the key financial reporting 
judgements. The main areas of judgement considered 
by the Audit Committee in the preparation of the 
financial statements are as follows: 

GOING CONCERN 
The Audit Committee reviewed Management’s 
assessment of the basis for preparing TORM’s financial 
statements on a going concern basis. This included 
reviewing and challenging Management’s forecast and 
the underlying base and low case sensitivity 
calculations along with its assumptions. The Audit 
Committee also considered TORM’s available liquidity 
including undrawn and committed facilities along with 
any liquidity enhancing projects and projections for the 
financial covenants within TORM’s borrowing facilities.  

Based on this, the Audit Committee confirmed that the 
application of the going concern basis for the 
preparation of the quarterly reports and year-end 
financial statements continued to be appropriate, with 
no material uncertainties. The going concern statement 
is set out in the Directors’ report on page 107. For 
further information see Note 1 to the financial 
statements. 

IMPAIRMENT REVIEW OF VESSELS 
The impairment review of TORM’s vessels is a key 
recurring risk due to its significance in the context of 
TORM’s net asset value. The Audit Committee received 
and considered a paper from Management covering 
the judgements made in respect of the impairment 
testing of the carrying amount of TORM’s vessels in the 
fleet within three cash-generating units (CGU)s, being 
the Main Fleet (LR2/LR1 and MR vessels) and the two 
Handysize vessels. 

This issue was discussed and reviewed with 
Management and the independent auditors, and the 
Audit Committee challenged judgements and sought 
clarification where necessary. As explained in Note 8 to 
the financial statements, it was concluded not to 
conduct any impairments on each of the CGU 
supported by the DCF value for the Main Fleet and the 
two Handysize vessels.  

To determine whether a CGU is impaired, Management 
assesses whether there are any indicators for 
impairment or reversal of impairment of the vessels in 
the CGUs. If such indicators exist, the future discounted 
net cash flow deriving from the CGUs must be 
estimated. These estimates are based on several 
assumptions including future freight rates, estimated 
operating expenses, weighted average cost of capital 
(WACC) and level of inflation. 

Management has assessed that TORM has three CGUs 
within its single reporting segment – The Tanker 

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Segment – the largest of which is its Main Fleet 
(comprising LR1/LR2 and MR vessels). The Main Fleet is 
a single cash generating unit because the vessels in the 
Main Fleet are largely interchangeable and the cash 
flows generated by them are interdependent. These 
vessels are operated collectively as a combined internal 
pool, employed principally in the spot market and 
actively managed to meet the needs of our customers 
in that market, particularly regarding the location of 
vessels meeting required specifications and the price of 
transport rather than vessel type. Given the technical 
specifications and capacity of vessels, the Main Fleet is 
relatively homogenous with a very high degree of 
interoperability. The MR vessels acquired in 2021 with 
chemical trading capabilities are operated as all other 
product tanker vessels and thus included in the Main 
Fleet. 

The other groups of CGUs outside the Main Fleet 
comprise the two Handysize vessels (which are 
typically used for shorter and coastal trade routes and 
more frequent port calls, including for transportation of 
various clean petroleum products within Europe and in 
the Mediterranean). 

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Management prepared a detailed impairment test for 
the Audit Committee setting out the key assumptions 
for the CGUs. The Audit Committee challenged these 
assumptions and judgements to ensure that all material 
factors were included. Further, the Audit Committee 
discussed the sensitivity analysis and other disclosures 
in the Annual Report. The Audit Committee noted that 
the freight rates in the years 2022-2024 are consistent 
with the long-term planning assumptions used by 
TORM and includes the impact from climate changes 
and climate agenda on the global oil demand. Further, 
the Audit Committee discussed with Management the 
freight rates beyond 2024 which are based on TORM’s 
10-year historical average spot rates adjusted for 
estimated scrubber premiums consistent with last year. 
The Audit Committee was satisfied with the freight 
rates applied. 

The Audit Committee reviewed the key parameters in 
the standard Weighted Average Costs of Capital model 
and was satisfied that the rates used to discount future 
cash flows appropriately reflected current market 
assessments of the time, value of money, and the risk 
associated with the CGUs concerned.  

The Audit Committee was satisfied that future cash 
flows related to operating expenses appropriately 
reflected current market assessments. The Audit 
Committee was satisfied that the most material 
assumptions on which the impairment assessment is 
based are appropriate. 

For further description, please refer to Note 8 to the 
financial statements. 

REVENUE RECOGNITION 
The revenue recognition policy was discussed and 
agreed to have no changes. Revenue is recognized 
upon delivery of services in accordance with the terms 
and conditions of the charter parties and is made 
based on “load to discharge”, and demurrage is 
recognized with up to 95% until actual realization. 
Accordingly, no revenue is recognized for the days 
incurred during a vessel’s positioning voyage to a load 
port. 

DEPRECIATION POLICY AND RESIDUAL VALUE OF 
VESSELS 
The Audit Committee noted and agreed that the 
accounting policy of depreciating vessels over 25 years 
was appropriate and in line with TORM’s peers. The 
residual value was calculated based on two elements:  
scrap values that were reviewed on a yearly basis and 
cost of voyage to the scrapping place. Management 
recommended to gradually phase-in the green 
scrapping prices in the calculation as the market 
matures.  

FAIR, BALANCED, AND UNDERSTANDABLE 
ASSESSMENT 
At the request of the Board of Directors, the Audit 
Committee undertook an assessment of this Annual 
Report to ensure that, taken as a whole, it is fair, 
balanced, an understandable and that it provides the 
information necessary for shareholders to assess 
TORM’s position and performance, business model and 
strategy. 

The Audit Committee received an early draft of the 
Annual Report to review its proposed content and the 
structural changes from the Committees Report prior 
year and to undertake a review of the reporting for the 
year, following which the Committee members 
provided their individual and collective feedback. In 
addition, in accordance with its terms of reference, the 
Committee (alongside the Board of Directors) took an 
active part in reviewing TORM’s quarterly reports and 
considered TORM’s other public disclosures.  

The processes described above allowed the Committee 
to provide assurance to the Board to assist it in making 
the statement required of it under the UK Corporate 
Governance Code, which is set out on page 74. 

It was agreed by the Audit Committee that TORM 
would incorporate the green recycling prices in the 
calculation of residual values by applying an average of 
green scrapping and conventional scrapping and still 
using a three-year average to limit volatility in the 
residual values.  

EFFECTIVENESS  
In 2021, the Audit Committee carried out a detailed 
self-assessment by way of a questionnaire and 
discussions facilitated by the Head of Group Reporting, 
Compliance and Tax. Based on the self-assessment, no 
material concerns arose. 

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INTERNAL AUDIT  
The Audit Committee assesses the need for an internal 
audit function on an annual basis and makes a 
recommendation to the Board of Directors. The Audit 
Committee was satisfied that based on TORM’s size, 
complexity and its internal control environment, TORM 
can defer the establishment of an internal audit 
function but must revisit the decision in 2022. 

The Audit Committee regularly discusses the principles 
for risk assessment and risk management related to the 
financial reporting and reviews TORM’s significant risks, 
including fraud, and their impact on financial reporting, 
including stress testing, when relevant.  

Read more about principal risks and uncertainties on 
pages 65-69. 

significant failings and weaknesses in TORM’s internal 
control structure during the year. TORM are an 
"emerging growth company", as defined in the JOBS 
Act, and we are not required to comply with the 
auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of 
Sarbanes-Oxley for up to five years. We are now in the 
final year in the five-year period. 

Further, the Audit Committee supported the use of an 
external audit firm to review selected areas when 
required or requested by the Audit Committee and/or 
TORM’s Management. In the absence of an internal 
audit function, internal assurance is achieved through 
the work of Group Internal Control and Price 
Waterhouse Coopers’ testing of the internal controls. 
This has not affected the work of the external audit. 

The Audit Committee is satisfied that the internal audit 
arrangements continue to provide effective assurance 
of TORM’s risk and controls environment. Throughout 
the year, the Audit Committee monitored the 
effectiveness of TORM’s risk management and internal 
control systems, including material financial, 
operational and compliance controls

. 

INTERNAL CONTROLS AND RISK MANAGEMENT  
The Audit Committee has the primary responsibility for 
the oversight of TORMs’ system of internal control, 
including the risk management framework, the 
compliance framework, and the work of the internal 
control function. 

The Board of Directors fulfils its responsibility 
regarding effectiveness of the risk management and 
Internal Controls over Financial Reporting (ICFR) 
through the Audit Committee. As a result of the US 
listing on Nasdaq in New York in 2017, TORM was 
required to become compliant with the Sarbanes-Oxley 
Act (SOX) resulting in increased regulatory 
requirements. Therefore, Management has, together 
with the Audit Committee, focused on ensuring that 
the ICFR meet all relevant requirements.  

The ICFR are based on the Internal Control – Integrated 
Framework 2013 issued by the Committee of 
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission (COSO), which ensures the enabling of 
best practice and a strong control environment. The 
oversight by the Audit Committee includes the 
recurring reporting, including management oversight 
and the outcome of management testing.  

Having monitored TORM’s risk management and 
internal controls, and the effectiveness of the material 
controls, the Audit Committee has not identified any 

EXTERNAL AUDITOR 
The Audit Committee has primary responsibility for 
overseeing the relationship with the external auditor, 
Ernst & Young LLP (‘EY’).  

This includes making the recommendation on the 
appointment, reappointment, and removal of the 
external auditor, assessing their independence on an 
ongoing basis, approving the statutory audit fee, the 
scope of the statutory audit, and the appointment of 
the lead audit engagement partner. Lloyd Brown has 
held this role since the appointment of EY in 2020. 

During the year, EY reported to the Audit Committee 
on their independence from TORM. The Audit 
Committee and the Board of Directors are satisfied 
that EY has adequate policies and safeguards in place 
to ensure that auditor objectivity and independence 
are maintained. The Audit Committee has 
recommended to the Board of Directors the re-
appointment of the external auditors for the 2022 
financial year, and the Board of Directors will be 
proposing the re-appointment of EY at the upcoming 
AGM. 

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Effectiveness of the external audit process 
The Audit Committee reviewed the quality of the 
external audit throughout the year and considered the 
performance of EY by undertaking an annual review of 
the performance of the independent auditors by a 
combination of discussions with Management, the 
quality of written deliverables to the Audit Committee, 
and the quality of dialogue and insights provided 
during Audit Committee meetings. The findings of the 
survey were considered by the Audit Committee, and it 
agreed that the audit process, independence, and 
quality of the external audit were satisfactory. 

Based on these reviews, the Audit Committee 
concluded that there had been appropriate focus and 
challenge by EY on the primary areas of the audit, and 
that EY had applied robust challenge and skepticism 
throughout the audit. 

Auditor independence and objectivity  
In its assessment of the independence of the auditor, 
and in accordance with the standard on independence, 
the Audit Committee received details of all 
relationships between TORM and EY which may have a 
bearing on their independence and received 
confirmation from EY that it is independent of TORM in 
accordance with applicable laws and regulations. 

objectivity of the external auditor is not impaired. The 
policies include restrictions on the types of services 
which the independent auditor can provide, in line with 
the Ethical Standard published by the UK Financial 
Reporting Council (FRC). Details of the services which 
the independent auditors cannot be engaged to 
perform were provided to the Audit Committee at the 
November 2021 Audit Committee meeting. A copy of 
the policy can be made be available on request. 

Audit and non-audit fees  
Full disclosure of the audit and non-audit fees paid 
during 2021 can be found in Note 4 to the financial 
statements. 

Audit fees: 
Non-audit fees:  

USD 0.8m 
USD 0.2m 

The independent auditors may be contracted to 
perform certain non-audit activities. The Audit 
Committee believes that this can be performed without 
compromising the auditors’ independence and 
objectivity. The Audit Committee will allocate the non-
audit work after considering TORM’s policy on the 
provision of non-audit services by TORM’s auditors. A 
copy of the pre-approval procedures can be made 
available on request. 

The Audit Committee maintains a policy and has pro-
cedures in place for the pre-approval of all audit ser-
vices, audit-related services and other services under-
taken by the external auditor. The principal purpose of 
this policy is to ensure that the independence and the 

Fees relating to the provision of non-audit services by 
EY amounted to USD 0.2m corresponding to 27% of 
the total cost and related primarily to requested 
additional of certain internal controls and the legacy 
tax service immaterial to the Group. The Audit 

Committee considered that such services were most 
efficiently provided by the external auditors, as much 
of the information used in performing such work was 
derived from audited financial information. To maintain 
the external auditors’ independence and objectivity, the 
external auditors did not make any decisions on behalf 
of Management. 

Whistleblower 
TORM’s whistleblower policy, which supports the 
groupwide Business Principles, is monitored by the 
Audit Committee.  

Read more about TORM’s whistleblower policy here: 
www.torm.com/investors/governance/whistleblower 

The Audit Committee received reports providing 
details of matters reported through TORM’s 
international, confidential telephone reporting lines and 
secure e-mail reporting facility, which is operated by an 
independent third party, Holst Advokater. All matters 
reported are investigated by Holst Advokater and 
reported to the Board of Directors as well as to the 
Audit Committee together with details of any 
corrective actions taken. The Audit Committee also 
received reports at each Audit Committee meeting 
providing details of any fraud losses during the quarter. 

APPROVAL  
On behalf of the Audit Committee 

Göran Trapp  
Chairman of the Audit Committee 
23 March 2022 

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AT A GLANCE 

Chairman 
Göran Trapp 

Members 
Annette Malm Justad  
David Weinstein 
Christopher Boehringer resigned in January 2021 

Composition 
The Risk Committee is composed solely of 
independent Non

Executive Directors. 

‑

Meetings 
The Risk Committee had three scheduled meetings 
in 2021. Attendance by members at Committee 
meetings can be seen on page 76.  

2021 highlights 

•  Risk management review of TORM’s policies 
on insurance, IT, financial instruments, and its 
financial policy 

•  Review of TORM’s capital structure risk 
•  Review of TORM’s governance on maritime 

• 

safety threats 
Review and approval of enterprise risk 
management report 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 
In 2021, the Risk Committee had special focus on 
liquidity and financing activity to mitigate TORM’s risk 
in relation to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. A 
special focus area was the risks related to interest rate 
derivatives trading where the target hedge level was 

updated. Another focus area was the risks related to 
customer credit risk with particular focus on ensuring 
an efficient and accurate credit risk policy.  

THE ROLE OF THE RISK COMMITTEE 

Read more about the Risk Committee’s area of 
responsibility on page 73 

Terms of Reference for the Risk Committee on 
www.torm.com/investors/governance 

ACTIVITIES DURING THE YEAR 
At each meeting, the Risk Committee follows up on key 
risk indicators to ensure alignment of risk tolerance and 
actual risk level. These measures include the risks 
described in the Risk Management section and 
monitoring of the compliance with internal mandates, 
such as FFA derivatives level, refinance risk, interest 
rate hedge level, credit risk and Time charter position. 
Further, a liquidity forecast is presented at each risk 
committee meeting. 

Special focus areas covered in 2021 were:  

Prolonged COVID-19 
The prolonged COVID-19 pandemic has had a 
significant impact on society as well as on shipping, 
including product tankers. During 2021, the market for 
refined products continued to be impacted by 
lockdowns and restrictions around the world resulting 
in lower demand for refined products. This has led to a 
subdued tanker market with rates below break-even 
for periods during the year. At every meeting, the Risk 

Committee reviews liquidity forecasts which includes 
scenario and stress testing of the market to ensure that 
a sufficient liquidity position is in place. Moreover, the 
Risk Committee reviewed TORM’s main liquidity risk 
drivers confirming that all relevant drivers were already 
part of the existing risk management framework.  

Forward Freight Agreements (FFAs) and Liquidity 
Risk 
During 2020, TORM hedged part of its future earning 
days using FFAs. These FFAs matured during the first 
half of 2021, and, consequently, TORM had a liquidity 
risk associated with the FFA position. To account for a 
potential increase in liquidity risk, liquidity stress tests 
are periodically reviewed together with TORM’s 
liquidity forecast, and more frequent reporting has 
been implemented. 

Financial Policy 
The Risk Committee approved to increase maximum 
interest hedge level up to 100% to ensure stability in 
the future cash flow by protecting variability in interest 
costs. 

Cyber security 
The Risk Committee reviewed TORMs cyber security 
program established to enhance and mature TORM 
cyber security even further over the coming years.  

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Customer Credit Risk 
During 2021, the Risk Committee approved an updated 
customer credit risk policy. TORM has a well-
functioning customer credit approval process, where all 
customers are reviewed prior to commercial charters. 
TORM has revisited and subsequently refined the credit 
methodology to ensure consistency, efficiency, and 
high-quality risk assessment. Adjustments to the 
methodology was to include more focus on industry 
and country risk, predefined financial ratios and pre-set 
criteria for parent and government support.  

Sanctions 
The Risk Committee reviewed TORM’s compliance set-
up, designed to avoid that TORM engages with 
sanctioned counterparties thereby violating sanctions. 

Maritime safety threats 
The Risk Committee reviewed the measures taken by 
TORM to assess, manage, and mitigate future attacks.  

Capital structure risks 
The Risk Committee reviewed risk considerations 
related to TORM’s capital structure, including liquidity 
position, loan-to-value, TORM’s Distribution Policy, off-
balance sheet liabilities, terms and sources of funding 
vessel investments, and fleet employment strategy.  

Review policies  
The Risk Committee reviewed TORM’s IT Policy, 
Financial Policy, FFA and Bunker Policy, and Credit 
Risk Policy. These policies outline core activities and 
risks, and the measures that TORM has taken to 
mitigate these risks. 

Enterprise risk management 
The Risk Committee reviewed the key risks faced by 
TORM and the underlying drivers of those exposures. 
The alignment of actual risk and desired risk was 
discussed, and the Risk Committee approved TORM’s 
risk profile based on these discussions. Further, the 
Risk Committee reviewed the assigned management 
accountability, which highlights current and planned 
risk-mitigating activities. TORM’s annual Enterprise Risk 
Management Report was approved at the Board of 
Directors meeting in Q1 2022. TORM’s annual risk 
assessment is presented in detail in the “Risk 
Management” section on pages 65-69. 

APPROVAL  
On behalf of the Risk Committee 

Göran Trapp  
Chairman of the Risk Committee 
23 March 2022 

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AT A GLANCE 

Chairman 
Christopher H. Boehringer 

Members 
Annette Malm Justad 
David Weinstein 

Composition 
Except for the Chairman, the Nomination 
Committee is composed solely of independent 
Non

Executive Directors 

‑
Meetings 
The Nomination Committee had two scheduled 
meetings in 2021. Attendance by members at 
committee meetings can be seen on page 76.  

FOCUS AREA 

30%

8%

16%

46%

Succession Planning

Diversity

Employee population

Governance

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 
In 2021, no changes were made to the Nomination 
Committee members or Board of Directors, and the 
key focus areas of the Nomination Committee have 
been the Nasdaq board diversity rules, governance, 
succession planning, and employee engagement  

THE ROLE OF THE NOMINATION COMMITTEE 

Read more about the Nomination Committee’s area 
of responsibility on page 73 

Terms of Reference for the Nomination Committee 
on www.torm.com/investors/governance 

COMPLIANCE WITH THE CODE 
The Nomination Committee complies with the UK 
Corporate Governance Code except for provision 18. 
The Corporate Governance Code states that all 
directors should be subject to annual re-election, 
however, TORM’s B-Director is not appointed for a 
specified term but will continue until removed by the 
B-shareholder. TORM believes that continuity in the B-
Director role is important, as this Director serves as a 
representative of the minority shareholders. The B-
shareholder, who represents the minority shareholders, 
can replace the B-Director at any time.  

The remaining Directors of TORM are elected on a bi-
annual basis as defined in TORM’s Articles of 
Association. The Board has discussed whether to 
change to annual re-election of the remaining 
Directors, however, to ensure continuity in the Board of 

Directors, it has been decided to continue with a bi-
annual election for now. All TORM’s Non-Executive 
Directors will submit themselves for re-election at the 
2022 AGM. 

The Nomination Committee reviewed the 
independence of all Non-Executive Directors pursuant 
to the Code. Except for the Chairman, the Nomination 
Committee is composed solely of independent 
Non
Executive Directors and they continue to make 
independent contributions and effectively challenge 
Management. 

‑

The Executive Directors’ service contracts and the 
Non-Executive Directors’ terms and conditions of 
appointment are available for inspection at our 
registered office and will be available on display at the 
2022 AGM. 

EFFECTIVENESS 
During the year, the Nomination Committee reviewed 
the independence, time commitment and potential 
conflicts of interests of the Non-executive Directors 
and concluded that each continued to demonstrate 
challenge and independent judgement and to devote 
sufficient time to discharging their duties. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

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AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT 
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NOMINATION COMMITTEE REPORT  
REMUNERATION COMMITTEE REPORT 

BOARD EVALUATION 
In accordance with the UK Corporate Governance 
Code, TORM conducts an annual internal evaluation of 
the Board. The outcome of this review led to the Board 
requesting further deep dives on ESG, and themes such 
as Power-to-X, future renewable energy capacity, 
carbon capture, different fuel types and regulatory 
considerations. 

Read more about the what the Board did this year in 
detail on page 77-78 

EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT 
Throughout the year, the Nomination Committee 
receives updates on key elements of the people 
strategy which provide insight into a variety of areas, 
including culture, diversity and inclusion, succession 
planning, future capabilities, and colleague 
engagement. The Nomination Committee reviewed the 
results of the 2021 Employment Engagement Survey. It 
was pleasing to note the result is among the top 25 of 
the companies across all industries utilizing the Peakon 
platform. Good scores were also obtained with regards 
to questions specifically related to sexual harassment. 
The Nomination Committee is pleased that the Board 
wishes to further strengthen TORM’s efforts to have an 
entirely harassment free environment, and through 
various initiatives we will continue to emphasize our 
zero tolerance stand on this subject. 

DIVERSITY 
The Nomination Committee continued to review 
TORM’s progress against its gender diversity targets 
for both female Board members and women in the 
shore-based workforce. The Nomination Committee 
took time to review the SEC approved Nasdaq board 
diversity rules introduced in 2021. These require 
Nasdaq-listed companies with five or fewer directors to 
meet the diversity objective by having at least one 
diverse director. The Nomination Committee is pleased 
that TORM, having already understood the importance 
of diversity in the workplace, met this requirement in 
2020.  

Read about TORM’s diversity Targets on page 34 

The Board of Directors’ diversity matrix can be found 
below 

Board Diversity Matrix 

Country of Principle 

Executive Offices 

Foreign private issuer 

Disclosure prohibited  

under home law 

Total number of Directors 

United Kingdom 

Yes 

No 

5 

Gender Identity 

Female  Male  Non-

Not 

Directors 

1 

4 

- 

- 

Binary 

disclosed 

Underrepresented individual 

in home country jurisdiction 

LGBTQ+ 

Did not disclose 

None 

Not known 

demographic background 

5 

SUCCESSION PLANNING 
Succession planning continues to be a priority for the 
Nomination Committee, and throughout the year the 
Nomination Committee focused on the succession 
pipeline for senior management, which is essential to 
ensure a continuous level of quality in management. It 
further aids TORM in avoiding instability by mitigating 
the risks which may be associated with unforeseen 
events, such as the departure of a key individual, as 
well as promoting diversity and inclusion. 

RETENTION RATE 
At the end of 2021, the retention rate for all shore-
based employees was 88%, which is still as satisfactory 
level. In 2020 and 2019 the retention rate was 92%. 

Read more about our employee health and wellbeing 
on pages 37-39 

APPROVAL 
On behalf of the Nomination Committee 

Christopher H. Boehringer 
Chairman of the Nominations Committee 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

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AT A GLANCE 

Chairman 
Christopher H. Boehringer 

Members 
Annette Malm Justad 
David Weinstein 

Composition 
Except for the Chairman, the Remuneration 
Committee is composed solely of independent 
Non

Executive Directors 

‑
Meetings 
The Remuneration Committee had two scheduled 
and five extraordinary meetings in 2021. 
Attendance by members at committee meetings 
can be seen on page 76 

FOCUS AREAS 

3%3% 3%

4%

7%

CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT 
The Renumeration Committee report describes the 
activities of the Remuneration Committee for the 
period 01 January 2021 to 31 December 2021. It sets out 
remuneration details for the executive and non-
executive directors in TORM. It has been prepared in 
accordance with Schedule 8 of the Large and Medium-
Sized Companies and Groups (Accounts and Reports) 
Regulations 2008 as amended (the "Regulations"). 

The report is split into two main areas:  
•  Chairman’s statement 
•  Annual report on remuneration 

The Remuneration Policy, approved by the 
shareholders at the Annual General Meeting (AGM) on 
14 April 2021, took effect from the date of that meeting. 
As of the date of this Annual Report, TORM plc is in 
compliance with the requirements of this Remuneration 
Policy.  

80%

Find TORM’s Remuneration Policy on 
www.torm.com/investors/governance 

One TORM KPIs

LTIP

Governance

CEO Remuneration

New Bonus Structure

Board Remuneration

The annual report on remuneration provides details on 
remuneration in the period and additional information 
required by the regulations. The UK Companies Act 
2006 requires that auditors report to the shareholders 
on certain parts of the Directors' Remuneration Report 
and state whether, in their opinion, those parts of the 
report have been properly prepared in accordance with 
the regulations. The parts of the annual report on 

remuneration subject to audit are indicated in the 
report. The statement by the Chairman of the 
Remuneration Committee is not subject to audit. 

THE ROLE OF THE REMUNERATION COMMITTEE 

Read more about the Remuneration Committee’s 
area of responsibility on page 73 

Find the Terms of Reference for the Remuneration 
Committee on www.torm.com/investors/governance 

COMPLIANCE WITH THE CODE 
The Remuneration Committee is in full compliance with 
the UK Corporation Governance Code except for 
provision 32. The said Code states that the Board of 
Directors shall establish a remuneration committee of 
independent non-executive directors, with a minimum 
membership of three. In addition, the Chairman of the 
Board of Directors can only be a member if he is 
independent on appointment, and he cannot chair the 
Remuneration Committee. TORM's Chairman of the 
Board of Directors, Christopher H. Boehringer, has 
been appointed as chairman of TORM’s Remuneration 
Committee. However, given his association with the 
controlling shareholder and the alignment of interest 
regarding remuneration, the Board of Directors 
considers it appropriate for Christopher H. Boehringer 
to chair the Remuneration Committee. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

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MEETINGS 
The Chairman and the Executive Director attend the 
meetings of the Remuneration Committee except for 
matters relating to their own remuneration. The Head 
of Group Human Resources attends all meetings and 
other members of Management may attend when 
necessary.  

Stress Awareness 
We were pleased that we continue to promote mental 
health awareness programs across TORM, which this 
year included our new stress awareness program, 
educating our management and cascading relevant 
information to all employees. Stress mitigation is an 
ongoing and essential part of TORM's values. 

APPROVAL 
On behalf of the Remuneration Committee 

Christopher H. Boehringer 
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee 

ACTIVITIES DURING 2021 
KPIs and new bonus structure 
In 2021, a large proportion of the Remuneration 
Committee’s time was used discussing TORM’s 
proposed new bonus structure. The new structure will 
better align TORM’s financial performance with bonus 
pay-outs to employees. Our intention is to do this by 
using selected key KPIs. The Remuneration Committee 
will be able to use its judgement in evaluating non-
financial performance, including the executives’ 
commitment to safety and quality, CO2 footprint, 
diversity and inclusion, as well as overall leadership 
contributions when setting future performance bonus 
levels. 

Succession and the wider workforce 
In addition, the Remuneration Committee engaged in 
discussions surrounding the wider workforce 
remuneration, succession pipeline, and incentives, 
ensuring that as a company, TORM creates an 
environment where our most talented employees are 
being recognized and given greater responsibilities. 

Work from home 
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, we have 
supported our employees in working home, where 
possible, and in doing so, recognized this as an 
opportunity to further increase flexible work in the 
future. The perception of the remote work concept has 
changed with regards to operational performance, job 
satisfaction and work-life balance. Going forward, 
remote work will continue to form part of the way daily 
operations are performed in TORM providing more 
flexibility than has previously been available. 

Annual remuneration policy reviews 
The Remuneration Committee reviewed the 
remuneration policy. Their conclusion was that no 
amendments to the remuneration policy were required 
at this time. 

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STATEMENT OF VOTING AT THE AGM 

Shareholder voting on the resolutions to approve the annual remuneration report put to the 2021 AGM and the Directors’ remuneration policy put to the 2021 AGM were as follows: 

Annual remuneration report 

Votes for 

% 

Votes against 

51,080,487 

67.8 

61,811 

Directors' remuneration policy 

Votes for 

% 

Votes against 

48,123,828 

63.9 

3,018,434 

% 

0.1 

% 

4 

Total votes 

Abstentions 

51,142,298 

916 

Total votes 

Abstentions 

51,142,262 

952 

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EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR’S AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE 
OFFICER’S REMUNERATION 
Single total figure of remuneration 
The table below sets out the 2020-21 remuneration for 
Jacob Meldgaard in his roles as Executive Director of 
TORM plc and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of TORM 
A/S, a subsidiary of TORM plc. 

Total remuneration for 

the 2021 financial year 

2021  2020 Adj. 

2020 

FIXED PAY ($'000) 

Base Salary 

Taxable benefits 

Pension 

Total fixed remuneration 

VARIABLE PAY ($'000) 

1,243.4  

44.0  

 - 

1,287.4  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 1,129.0  

 41.0  

 - 

1,170.0  

 - 

Annual performance bonus 

1,161.3  

 -124.5  

1,262.0  

Total variable pay 

1,161.3  

 -124.5  

1,262.0  

SINGLE TOTAL FIGURE 

OF REMUNERATION 

($'000) 

  2,448.7  

 -124.5  

  2,432.0  

Change in remuneration 

of colleagues and 

Directors 

% change from 2020 to 2021 

Salary   Benefits  

Bonus 

Employee entire group 

Chief Executive Officer 

0.0% 

10.1% 

0.0% 

7.4% 

0.0% 

2.1% 

Base salary 
The base salary is discussed and agreed with the 
Chairman of the Board and the Remuneration 
Committee once a year. The CEO’s base salary was 
reviewed on 24 February 2021 to determine the 
appropriate salary for the coming year. Base salary as 
of 01 January 2020: DKK 7.0m. Base salary as of 01 
January 2021: DKK 7.28m (USD 1.16m). In addition the 
CEO receives Euro 70t (USD 82t) for his role as 
Executive Director. 
The CEO’s base salary was reviewed on 07 March 2022 
to determine the appropriate salary for 2022. The base 
salary as of 01 January 2022 has been determined at 
DKK 7.39m, the adjustment of the salary will take effect 
on 01 January 2022. 

Taxable benefits  
TORM can place a car costing no more than DKK 1m at 
the CEO’s disposal. However, the CEO has instead 
accepted an amount of DKK 23t per month, covering 
the running and maintenance expenses associated with 
a private vehicle. For 2021, the amount of DKK 276t 
(USD 44t) has been included in the single figure 
amount. Other benefits provided directly include two 
newspapers, a mobile phone which may be used for 
both business and private purposes, a PC at the CEO’s 
disposal at his home address which may be used for 
both business and private purposes, including internet 
access and call charges.  No changes in allowances and 
benefits are expected for 2022.  

Performance bonus 2020 
As discussed in the 2020 Annual Report, at the time of 
issue the CEO’s bonus figure had yet to be agreed and 
instead the 2020 Annual Report included an estimate 
of DKK 8.4m (USD 1.26m), equating to 120% of his base 
salary. After final agreement by the Remuneration 
Committee, the CEO’s bonus figure was set at DKK 
7.0m (USD 1.14m), equating to 100% of his base salary. 

Performance bonus 2021 
The Remuneration Committee has provided the CEO 
with a performance cash bonus for the financial year 
2021 in the following ranges and based on the following 
parameters: 
• 

The fulfilment of specific performance metrics set 
by TORM (up to 70% of the CEO’s base salary). 
These include but are not limited to, RoIC, cost 
structure, highest safety standards and 
environmental footprint 

•  Up to 50% of the CEO’s base salary based on the 
sole discretion of TORM’s Board of Directors 
In aggregate, the maximum achievable cash 
bonus for the financial year 2021 for the CEO is 
equal to 120% of the CEO’s base salary in the 
financial year 2021. The specific metrics and 
calculation methodology for each of the 
parameters have been determined by the Board 
of Directors. Based on the aforesaid methodology, 
the CEO’s performance cash bonus for 2021 was 
determined to be a total of 100% (60% on 
parameter 1 and 40% on parameter 2) of the 2021 
fixed annual salary of DKK 7.28m, resulting in an 
amount of DKK 7.28m (USD 1.16m). 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

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LONG-TERM INCENTIVE PROGRAM – RESTRICTED 
SHARE UNITS GRANTED TO THE CEO 
In accordance with TORM’s Remuneration Policy, the 
Board of Directors has as part of the Long-Term 
Incentive Program (LTIP) granted Restricted Share 
Units (RSUs) in the form of restricted stock options to 
certain employees. The RSUs aim at retaining and 
incentivizing the employees to seek to improve the 
performance of TORM and thereby the TORM share 
price for the mutual benefit of themselves and TORM’s 
shareholders. Each RSU granted under the LTIP entitles 
its holder to acquire one Class A common share, 
subject to vesting. Below is a description of the RSUs 
which have not expired without exercise. 

LONG-TERM INCENTIVE PROGRAM – RESTRICTED 
SHARE UNITS GRANTED TO THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE 
OFFICER 
In accordance with its Remuneration Policy, TORM has 
granted the CEO a number of Restricted Share Units 
(RSUs), which were communicated in company 
announcement no. 2 dated 18 January 2016, 
announcement no. 10 dated 25 April 2018 and 
announcement no. 7 dated 18 March 2021. There are no 
performance conditions associated with this grant of 
RSUs. 

The original RSUs granted to the CEO in 2016 
amounted to 1,276,725 and vested over a five-year 
period, with one fifth of the grant amount vesting at 
each anniversary during the five-year period. The 
exercise price for the 2016 RSUs was DKK 96.3. As of 1 

January 2017, one fifth of the original grant, amounting 
to 255,345, vested with an exercise period ending 31 
December 2017. None of these RSUs were exercised. 
As of 01 January 2018, one fifth of the original grant, 
amounting to 255,345, vested with an exercise period 
ending 31 December 2018. None of these RSUs were 
exercised. 

As detailed in announcement no. 10 issued on 25 April 
2018, the CEO was granted a total of 766,035 RSUs 
with effect as of 01 January 2018, which will vest in 
equal instalments over the next three years. The RSU 
grant corresponds to the unvested portion (60%) of 
the CEO’s original five-year grant from 2016. It has 
been agreed that the CEO will not exercise the original 
RSUs. The exercise price for each RSU is DKK 53.7, 
corresponding to the average price of TORM shares 
during 90 calendar days preceding the approval at 
TORM plc’s AGM on 12 April 2018 plus a 15% premium. 

Vested RSUs may be exercised for a period of 360 
days from each vesting date. As of 01 January 2019, 
one fifth of the grant, amounting to 255,345, vested 
with an exercise period ending 31 December 2019. 
These RSUs amounting to one third of the re-grant 
issued on 25 April 2018 were exercised. In November 
2019, 255,345 RSUs were exercised by Executive 
Director Jacob Meldgaard. The total value of the RSU 
allocation is calculated based on the Black-Scholes 
model and is included in the overall cost estimate for 
TORM’s Long-Term Incentive Program (LTIP) (cf. 

company announcements dated 18 January 2016, 18 
March 2021 and 25 April 2018). 

The value of the 2018 grant, USD 0.9m, is estimated 
taking into account that as part of the grant the CEO 
will not exercise the unvested portion of the 2016 
grant. The valuation is based on the Black-Scholes 
model with an exercise price of DKK/share 53.7, a 
market value of one TORM A-share of DKK 49.5 (the 
closing price per A-share at the time of allocation and 
assuming 100% vesting). 

The single figure remuneration table for the CEO does 
not include any amounts in relation to the RSU awards 
since, as of the date each tranche vested, TORM’s share 
price was less than the exercise price.  

As detailed in announcement no. 7 issued on 18 March 
2021, the CEO was granted a total of 255,200 RSUs 
with effect as of 01 January 2022, which will vest in 
equal instalments over the next three years. The 
exercise price for each RSU is DKK 53.5, corresponding 
to the average price of TORM shares in the 90 calendar 
days preceding the publication of TORM plc’s 2020 
Annual Report plus a 15% premium. Vested RSUs may 
be exercised for a period of 360 days from each 
vesting date  

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LONG-TERM INCENTIVE PROGRAM – RESTRICTED SHARE UNITS GRANTED TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR AND EMPLOYEES 

Year 

2016 

2017 

2018 

2019 

2020 

2021 

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Grant of RSUs 

Grant of RSUs to Ex.Dir 

Vesting Period in years 

Vesting Period in years to Ex.Dir 

Beginning 

Exercise period from vesting 

Exercise Price 

Reduced due to dividend payment 

 723,075  

866,617  

 944,468  

1,001,050  

  1,047,389  

 1,099,919  

1,276,725  

 766,035  

 255,200  

3  

5  

3  

3  

3  

3  

3  

3  

01-Jan-17 

01-Jan-18 

01-Jan-19 

01-Jan-20 

01-Jan-21 

01-Jan-22 

 Six months 

 Six months 

 360 days 

 360 days 

 360 days 

 360 days 

and 12 

months for 

Ex.Dir 

after each 

after each 

after each 

after each 

vesting date 

vesting date 

vesting date 

vesting date 

96.30 kr. 

96.30 kr. 

53.70 kr. 

47.40 kr. 

49.70 kr. 

43.40 kr. 

69.90 kr. 

64.30 kr. 

53.50 kr. 

Black-Scholes model, the theoretical market value 

 USD 5.0m 

 USD 1.0m 

 USD 2.3m 

 USD 1.7m 

 USD 1.3m 

 USD 3.0m 

Total RSU's expired unexercised 

RSUs exercised within 2019 

RSUs exercised within 2020 

RSUs exercised within 2021 

Total RSU's exercised by grant year 

RSU's outstanding as at 31 December 2021 

  1,999,800  

866,617  

  1,050,383  

295,159  

  349,130  

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

 529,402  

  - 

 12,405  

 95,276  

  118,315  

  291,112  

  660,122  

  386,388  

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  -  

  319,507  

  698,259  

  1,355,121  

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

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LTIP element of Jacob Meldgaard’ s remuneration package 

2021 

Grant Date 

25 April 

18 March 

2018 

2021 

RSU LTIP grant¹

766,035  

255,200  

Exercise price per share 

⁾

RSU grant value assuming 

 DKK 53.7  

 DKK 53.5  

100% vesting 

 USD 0.9m  

 USD 0.6m  

END OF SERVICE GRATUITY 
TORM can terminate the CEO’s Service Agreement 
giving 12 months’ notice to expire on the last day of a 
month. The CEO can terminate the Service Agreement 
giving six months’ written notice to expire on the last 
day of a month. 

POST-SERVICE SALARY 
If the CEO dies during his  
such post-service salary will only be paid until the date 
on which the employment would have terminated as a 
result of termination of the Service Agreement. 

TOTAL PENSION ENTITLEMENTS 
The Directors of TORM plc are not entitled to any 
pension contributions from TORM. In addition, 
Denmark-based Executive Director Jacob Meldgaard, 
in his role as CEO of TORM A/S, is not entitled to any 
pension contributions. 

TAXABLE BENEFITS 
In general, members of the Board of Directors of TORM 
plc do not receive any additional benefits.  

PAYMENTS FOR LOSS OF OFFICE 
No payments for loss of office have been made in 2021. 

OUTSIDE APPOINTMENTS 
The Executive Director is entitled to retain the fees 
earned from non-executive appointments outside 
TORM. Jacob Meldgaard was appointed as a Non-
Executive Director of Danish Ship Finance A/S for 
which he received DKK 350,000 and as a Non-
Executive Director of SYFOGLOMAD Limited for which 
he received EUR 5,000 for his services. Jacob 
Meldgaard is also Chairman of Grant Compass A/S for 
which he receives no fee but has been granted 
warrants 

ANNUAL BONUSES AND LTIPS 
TORM’s Remuneration Policy stipulates that the Non-
Executive Directors’ remuneration cannot include 
participation in share or warrant programs. The Non-
Executive Directors of TORM plc do not receive any 
part of their remuneration from TORM in shares or 
warrants. The remuneration for the Non-Executive 
Directors is determined by the Board of Directors 
subject to limits in TORM’s Articles of Association. 
During 2021, none of the Non-Executive Directors 
received any part of their remuneration in shares or 
warrants.  

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EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR’S INTEREST IN THE SHARES 
OF TORM 
The table to the right summarizes the total interests of 
the Executive Director in shares of TORM plc as of 31 
December 2021. During the period 01 January to 31 
December no gains were made by the Executive 
Director on the exercise of share options. No changes 
took place in the Executive Director’s interests 
between 31 December 2021 and 23 March 2022.  

DIRECTORS’ INTEREST IN THE SHARES OF TORM 
The table to the right summarizes the total interests of 
the Directors in shares of TORM plc as of 31 December 
2021. No changes took place in the Directors’ interests 
between 31 December 2021 and 23 March 2022. 

REMUNERATION TABLE NON-EXECUTIVE 
DIRECTORS 
The table to the right summarizes the remuneration 
paid to the Non-Executive Directors of TORM in 2021. 
The fees shown include any additional fees paid in 
respect of chairmanships of committees or other roles 
such as Senior Independent Director. Board Observer 
fees are not shown in this report, however, the fees 
payable can be found in the Remuneration Policy. 

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS IN THE SHARES OF THE COMPANY (AUDITED) 

Vested not 

Agreed not to 

Jacob Meldgaard’s Restricted Share Units 

Awarded 

exercised 

exercise 

Exercised 

Unvested 

2016 

2017 

2018 

2019 

2020 

2021 

  1,276,725  

- 

- 

766,035  

255,345  

255,345  

- 

- 

766,035  

- 

- 

- 

  1,276,725  

1,021,380  

766,035  

- 

- 

255,200  

255,345  

255,345  

- 

- 

- 

255,345  

 510,690  

- 

- 

255,345  

255,200  

2021 STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS' SHARE HOLDING AND SHARE INTEREST 

Christopher H. Boehringer 

David Weinstein 

Göran Trapp 

Annette Justad 

Jacob Meldgaard 

Changes from 

Ordinary 

Ordinary 

31 Dec 2021 

Ordinary 

Shares as at 1 

Shares as at 

to 11 Mar 

Shares as at 

Jan 2021 

31 Dec 2021 

2022 

11 Mar 2022 

 21,204  

 21,204  

5,000  

5,000  

 12,820  

 12,820  

- 

2,700  

  255,411  

  255,411  

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

 21,204  

5,000  

 12,820  

2,700  

  255,411  

2021 REMUNERATION TABLE NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS 
USD '000 

Base fee 

Committee fees 

Total 

DIRECTOR 

2021 

2020 

2019 

2021 

2020 

2019 

2021 

2020 

2019 

Christopher H. Boehringer 

 176  

  171  

 168  

  60  

  117  

  114  

  113  

  116  

  85  

  86  

  84  

  85  

235  

234  

256  

200  

  59  

  59  

  57  

  57  

  57  

  117  

  114  

  113  

 176  

  171  

 -  

  117  

  82  

 -  

 176  

 139  

David Weinstein 

Göran Trapp 

Annette Justad 

252  

 198  

 170  

 -  

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Information provided in the following part of the Annual Report on remuneration is not subject to audit 

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ASSESSING PAY AND PERFORMANCE 
In the tables to the right, we summarize the Chief 
Executive Officer’s single figure remuneration over the 
past six years, as well as how our variable pay plans 
have paid out in relation to the maximum opportunity. 
This can be compared to TORM’s performance since 
the listing of TORM plc, measured by total shareholder 
return, compared with the average of a selection of 
TORM’s main peers in the industry and with the 
performance of the Danish stock index OMX. The OMX 
index is a market cap weighted index of all stocks 
listed on Nasdaq in Copenhagen. The total 
shareholder return is calculated in USD. 

6-YEAR HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE. TORM PLC VS PEER AND THE OMX INDEX 

200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0

96

72

106

71

2016

2017

Peer Average

TORM

108

51

2018

OMX

112

62

134

56

177

58

2019

2020

2021

FINANCIAL YEAR REMUNERATION FOR CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 

3,000

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

0

1,473

1,626

1,531

2,208

2,307

2,449

67%

2016

60%

2017

45%

2018

117%

2019

100%

2020

100%

2021

Annual bonus (% earned of base salary)

Total remuneration USD '000

140%

120%

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

0%

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

COMMITTEE REPORTS 

97 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REMUNERATION COMMITTEE REPORT 

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT 
RISK COMMITTEE REPORT 
NOMINATION COMMITTEE REPORT  
REMUNERATION COMMITTEE REPORT 

ANNUAL PERCENTAGE CHANGE IN DIRECTORS’ 
REMUNERATION 
The table to the right shows the percentage change 
over the year ended 31 December 2020 to the year 
ended 31 December 2021 in respect of directors’ 
remuneration and average employee remuneration. As 
required by legislation, directors’ remuneration is 
compared to the employees of TORM plc on a full-
time equivalent basis.  

CHANGE IN REMUNERATION  OF 
COLLEAGUES  AND DIRECTORS’ 

Chief Executive Officer 

Mr. Christopher H. Boehringer 

Mr. David Weinstein 

Mr. Göran Trapp 

Ms. Annette Justad 

Colleagues entire group 

Salary or fees % change   Benefits % change  

Bonus % change  

2020 to 

2019 to 

2020 to 

2019 to 

2020 to 

2019 to 

2021 

2020 

2021 

2020 

2021 

2020 

10.1% 

-8.1% 

16.8% 

2.9% 

8.3% 

1.6% 

1.0% 

1.0% 

26.5% 

-47.4% 

3.5% 

4.6% 

7.4% 

 N/A 

 N/A 

 N/A 

 N/A 

0.0% 

2.3% 

 N/A 

 N/A 

 N/A 

 N/A 

0.0% 

2.1% 

 N/A 

 N/A 

 N/A 

 N/A 

1.4% 

12.1% 

 N/A 

 N/A 

 N/A 

 N/A 

23.4% 

¹
²
³
³
³

 The comparative figures used to determine the % change take into consideration the CEO's salary and benefits.   
 Other benefits provided relate directly to company car benefit.   
⁾
 % change in DKK for salary and Executive Directors fees is 4%, taxable benefits is 0% and annual bonus is 4%.  
⁾
 Due to Christopher H Boehringer and David Weinstein  changing roles on the Risk Committee, the fees % change in EUR are -11% and 14.3% respectively.  
⁾
 Due to Annette Justad completing her first full year the Fees % change in EUR is 24.1%.  
⁾
⁾

RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF SPEND ON PAY 
The table to the right shows the actual expenditure of 
TORM on employee pay and distributions to 
shareholders compared to the retained earnings of 
TORM.  

RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF SPEND ON PAY 

Expenditure USDm 

Dividends paid 

Purchase of outstanding treasury shares in TORM A/S 

Purchase/disposals of treasury shares 

Executive Directors remuneration 

Total 

Staff costs 

Retained earnings 

2021 

 -  

 -  

 -  

2.4  

2.4  

  52.1  

2020 

 70.6  

 -  

 1.3  

2.3  

 74.2  

 50.7  

2019 

 -  

 -  

 -  

2.2  

2.2  

 45.8  

  899.5  

  939.2  

 920.0  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

COMMITTEE REPORTS 

98 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
 
REMUNERATION COMMITTEE REPORT 

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT 
RISK COMMITTEE REPORT 
NOMINATION COMMITTEE REPORT  
REMUNERATION COMMITTEE REPORT 

REMUNERATION POLICY  
The TORM plc Remuneration Policy approved at the 
20 April 2021 AGM remained unchanged during 2021. 
In accordance with the UK Corporate Governance 
Code, TORM’s Remuneration Policy and practices are 
designed to support the business strategy and 
promote TORM’s long-term sustainable success. The 
Remuneration Committee will continue to consider the 
appropriateness of the Remuneration Policy annually 
to ensure that it continues to align with the business 
strategy. At this point, there is no intention to revise 
the Remuneration Policy more often than every third 
year, unless required due to changes to regulations or 
legislation.  

Find TORM’s Remuneration Policy on Find TORM’s 
Remuneration Policy on 
www.torm.com/investors/governance 

2022 REMUNERATION  
The Remuneration Policy agreed at the 20 April 2022 
AGM will be implemented for the 2022 financial year. 
There are no foreseen changes to the policy. 

Adaptation and publication 
The Board of Directors must review the Remuneration 
Policy at least once a year. Any changes to the 
Remuneration Policy must be adopted by the Board  
of Directors and approved by the shareholders at  
an AGM. 

TORM’s Remuneration Report will be included in 
TORM’s annual reports for all financial years and will 
contain information on remuneration paid to the 
Board of Directors and Executive Management. 

APPROVAL 
On behalf of the Remuneration Committee 

Christopher H. Boehringer 
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee 
23 March 2022 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

COMMITTEE REPORTS 

99 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INVESTOR INFORMATION  

SHARE INFORMATION 
Exchanges 

ISIN (CPH) 

CUSIP (NY) 

Tickers 

Year high (TRMD A) 

Year low (TRMD A) 

Number of A shares (end 2021) 

Number of treasury shares 

 Nasdaq CPH and NY  

 GB00BZ3CNK81  

 G89479102  

 TRMD A and TRMD  

 DKK 60.75 (10 May)  

 DKK 43.45 (29 Jan.)  

 81,233,269  

  493,371 

FINANCIAL CALENDAR 2022 
20 April 2022, Annual General Meeting 
11 May 2022, First quarter 2022 results 
17 August 2022, First half 2022 results 
09 November 2022, Nine months 2022 results 

INVESTOR RELATIONS CONTACT 
Andreas Abildgaard-Hein  
Group Treasury and IR 
Phone: +45 3917 9339 
Email: ir@torm.com 

Jomkwan Palitwanon 
Investor Relations 
Phone: +45 3917 9331 
Email: ir@torm.com  

ANALYST COVERAGE 
Danske Bank 
Håvard Sjursen Lie 
Phone: +47 40 47 4443 
Email: hvli@danskebank.com 

Clarksons 
Frode Mørkedal 
Phone: +47 22 01 63 27 
Email: frode.morkedal@clarksons.com 

Evercore ISI 
Jonathan B. Chappell 
Phone: +1 212-497-0827 
Email: jonathan.chappell@evercoreisi.com 

Fearnley Securities 
Peder Nicolai Jarlsby 
Phone: +47 22 93 64 71 
Email: pn.jarlsby@fearnleys.com 

Kepler Cheuvreux 
Anders Redigh Karlsen 
Phone: +47 23 13 9068 
Email: arkarlsen@keplercheuvreux.com 

Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken AB 
Ulrik Bak 
Phone: +45 3328 3314 
Email: ulrik.bak@seb.dk 

COMMUNICATION TO INVESTORS 
To ensure consistent communication to all investors, 
quarterly and annual financial statements and other 
stock exchange announcements are the main vehicles 
of communication. TORM maintains regular capital 
market contact through analyst and industry 
presentations, investor meetings and conference calls. 
Investor meetings are primarily held in Copenhagen 
and in the major European and US financial centers.  

In 2021, TORM issued a total of 32 announcements to 
the stock exchange. These announcements are 
available in English versions at 
https://www.torm.com/investors/announcements  

Three weeks prior to the publication of quarterly and 
annual financial statements, communication is limited 
to issues of a general nature, and in that period no 
individual investor meetings are held.  

SHARE PRICE PERFORMANCE 
In 2021, TORM had an average of 78,560,048 A- 
shares outstanding. The average daily trading volume 
on Nasdaq in Copenhagen has been approximately 
212t shares and approximately 90t shares on Nasdaq 
in New York. During 2021, the share price increased 
from DKK 45.3 to DKK 51.7 on Nasdaq in Copenhagen 
and from USD 7.3 to USD 8.0 on Nasdaq in New York. 
Throughout 2021, TORM has been part of the MidCap 
segment on Nasdaq in Copenhagen. 2021 share price 
development is available at 
www.torm.com/investors/share.  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTHER 

100 

Other 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INVESTOR INFORMATION 

CHANGES TO THE SHARE CAPITAL 
As of 31 December 2020, TORM plc’s total share  
capital was USD 748,559.31 consisting of 74,855,929 
A-shares of USD 0.01 each, one B-share and one C-
share both of USD 0.01. 

During 2021, TORM has increased its share capital by 
6,377,340 A-shares as a result of 409,427 number of 
Restricted Share Units being exercised and issuance of 
5,967,913 shares to Team Tankers Deep Sea Ltd. in 
exchange for 8 MR vessels acquisition.  

SHARE CAPITAL 
As of 31 December 2021, TORM’s share capital 
amounted to USD 812,332.71 divided into 81,233,269 A-
shares of USD 0.01 each, one B-share of USD 0.01 and 
one C-share of USD 0.01. A total of 81,233,269 votes 
are attached to the A-shares. Only the A-shares are 
admitted to trading and official listing on Nasdaq in 
Copenhagen and Nasdaq in New York. As of 31 
December 2021, TORM holds 493,371 as treasury 
shares. 

Each A-share carries one vote on all resolutions 
proposed at the General Meetings of the Company 
except for the election or removal of the B-Director. 
Until the Threshold Date (the first time at which OCM 
Njord Holdings S.à r.l. Oaktree and its affiliates cease 
to beneficially own at least one third of the issued 
shares), the sole B-share has one vote at the General 
Meeting and special administrative rights, including 
the right to appoint the Deputy Chairman of the Board 

of Directors. After the Threshold Date, all Directors 
can be appointed or removed by passing an ordinary 
resolution. The B-shareholder also has the right to 
appoint one Board Observer. Pursuant to the Articles 
of Association, no more than one B-share can be 
issued by the Company.  

The Company can only take certain material actions 
relating to supermajority matters and Reserved 
Matters (as specified in its Articles of Association) if 
either (i) the majority of the Directors (who must 
include the Chairman and the B-Director) approve the 
relevant action or (ii) (a) in case of a supermajority 
action, if the B-Director did not approve such action 
or attend the relevant Board meeting, such action is 
approved by a shareholder resolution approved by at 
least 86% of the votes capable of being cast on such 
supermajority action or (ii) (b) in case of a Reserved 
Matter action, if the B-Director did not approve such 
action or attend the relevant Board meeting, such 
action is approved by a shareholder resolution 
approved by at least 70% of the votes capable of 
being cast on such Reserved Matter action.  

Until the Threshold Date, the sole TORM C-share has 
350,000,000 votes at the General Meeting in respect 
of certain Specified Matters only, including the 
election of members to the Board of Directors of 
TORM (including the Chairman, but excluding the B-
Director) and certain amendments to the Articles of 
Association. The sole C-shareholder, OCM Njord 
Holdings S.à r.l. (“Oaktree”), must continue to hold the 

C-share as long as it or its affiliates beneficially own at 
least one third of the issued shares (“Threshold Date”). 
Accordingly, Oaktree may continue to operate as the 
Company’s controlling shareholder, even if Oaktree 
does not own a majority of the A-shares. Pursuant to 
the Articles of Association, no more than one C-share 
can be issued by the Company. 

A number of the A-shares are issued subject to 
restrictions on transfer (“Restricted Shares”) imposed 
by US securities laws. These Restricted Shares may 
only be transferred pursuant to an effective 
registration statement filed with the U.S. Securities 
and Exchange Commission or an exemption from the 
registration requirements of the United States 
Securities Act of 1933 as amended. There are no 
specific restrictions on the size of a holding of the A-
shares nor the transfer of the A-shares (except for the 
Restricted Shares as detailed above), which are both 
governed by the general provisions of the Articles of 
Association and prevailing legislation.  

The B-share can only be transferred to (i) another 
trustee (it is currently held by SFM Trustee Limited on 
behalf of the minority  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTHER 

101 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INVESTOR INFORMATION 

The C-share is held by Oaktree and can only be 
transferred (i) to one of Oaktree’s affiliates or (ii) to 
the Company if the C-share is redeemed or (iii) any 
person who has acquired 100% of the issued A-shares. 
The C-share cannot be encumbered.  

Further details on the transferability, please see the 
in the Articles of Association on 
www.torm.com/investors/governance 

The B-share and the C-share do not have any rights to 
receive dividends or other distributions which the 
Company decides to pay. The Company must redeem 
the B-share and the C-share at the same time as soon 
as possible after the Threshold Date for USD 0.01 
each. Once redeemed, the B-share and the C-share 
must be cancelled, and no further B-shares or C-
shares can be issued by the Company. 

Pursuant to TORM’s Articles of Association and 
authorities granted at TORM plc’s AGM on 15 March 
2016 (2016 AGM) and updated authorities granted at 
TORM plc’s AGM on 14 April 2020, the Board of 
Directors was granted authority to allot shares or 
rights relating to shares for cash free from pre-
emption up to an aggregate nominal amount of USD 
5,073,293 comprising:  

•  Up to an aggregate nominal amount of USD 

686,142 in connection with the Exchange Offer (of 
which USD 622,988.48 nominal value was issued 
(62,298,846 A-shares, one B-share and one C- 
share)) during the period ended 31 December 

2016. As the Exchange Offer has been completed, 
no further shares will be issued under this 
authority 

•  Up to an aggregate nominal amount of USD 

1,372,283 which can be offered in connection with 
any proposed initial public offering of equity 
securities on certain US stock exchanges, of which 
none was issued from 1 January 2020 to 31 
December 2021, leaving a current authority to 
issue up to 137,228,300 A-shares 

•  Up to an aggregate nominal amount of USD 
2,477,026 in general equity issues including 
warrants, convertible debt and general equity 
with the issue being at fair value as determined by 
the Board of Directors, of which none was issued 
from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021, leaving 
a current authority to issue up to 247,702,600 A-
shares. 

•  Up to an aggregate nominal amount of USD 

777,625 to Directors, officers or employees of the 
Company or any of its subsidiaries.  

SHARE PREEMPTION GRANT 
Authority 

Date 

Value 

Granted 

14 April 2020 

USD 777,625 

Utilized 

Utilized 

Remaining 

15 May 2020 

USD 10,474 

18 March 2021 

USD 13,551 

USD 753,600 

Further, the Board of Directors received authorization 
at the 2020 AGM to make market purchases up to a 

maximum of 7,476,065 A-shares within a certain price 
range.  

SHARE REPURCHASE GRANT 
Granted 

14 April 2020 

7,476,065 

Repurchase period 

1 January to 31 

December 

180,500 

Remaining 

Approx. 10% of TORM's 

share capital excluding 

treasury shares 

7,295,565 

All of the above authorities to issue and purchase 
shares expire on 14 April 2025. 

Details of TORM’s employee share schemes and any 
rights attached to the shares under these schemes are 
set out on pages 89-99 of the Directors’ 
Remuneration Report.  

The U.K. Takeover Code, issued and administered by 
the U.K. Takeover Panel, applies to the Company 

SHAREHOLDERS 
As of 31 December 2021, TORM had approximately 
10,787 registered shareholders representing 
approximately 85% of the share capital. 

In 2020, TORM has been subject to UK Disclosure 
Guidance and Transparency Rules under which  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTHER 

102 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INVESTOR INFORMATION 

shareholders have a 3% ownership notification 
requirement. From 1 January 2021, as a consequence 
of Brexit, TORM has changed its home member state 
in relation EU’s Prospectus Regulation and 
Transparency Directive to Denmark. This implies that 
shareholders now have a 5% ownership notification 
requirement. Based on notifications received during 
2020 and 2021 to date OCM Njord Holdings S.à r.l. 
(Oaktree) is the only shareholder with more than 5% 
of the share capital holding 66% of the share capital. 
As of 31 December 2021, TORM’s treasury shares 
represented approximately 0.6% of the total share 
capital. The C-share is held by Oaktree, and the B-
share is held by the Minority Trustee, SFM Trustees 
Limited, on behalf of TORM’s non-Oaktree 
shareholders. The B-share and the C-share have 
certain voting rights.  

At the end of 2021, the members of the Board of 
Directors held a total of 297,135 shares, equivalent to a 
total market capitalization of DKK 15,361,880 or USD 
2,341,322. The Board of Directors and certain 
employees are limited to trading shares during a four-
week period after the publication of financial report. 

TORM’s Transfer Agent is Computershare Inc, Dept 
CH 19228, Palatine, IL 60055, USA.  

DISTRIBUTION POLICY 
TORM intends to distribute 25-50% of net income on a 
semi-annual basis. The Distribution Policy will be 
reviewed periodically, carefully considering TORM’s 
capital structure, strategic developments, future 
obligations, market trends and shareholder interests. 

WARRANTS AND RESTRICTED SHARE UNITS  
As of 31 December 2021, 2,372,887 RSUs were 
outstanding with 1,046,510 being exercised during 
2021. The specific terms for the RSU’s are further 
described in the Remuneration Committee Report on 
pages 89-99.  

TORM generates a net loss of USD 42.1m during 2021.  
In line with the Distribution Policy, the Board of 
Directors has decided not to recommend any 
distributions for 2021. 

DUAL LISTING AND TRADING  
TORM’s A-shares are listed on Nasdaq in Copenhagen 
under the ticker TRMD-A and on Nasdaq in New York 
under the ticker TRMD. TORM’s A-shares can move 
freely between the two Nasdaq exchanges.  

In accordance with TORM’s Remuneration Policy, the 
Board of Directors has as part of the Long-Term 
Incentive Program (LTIP) granted certain employees 
Restricted Share Units (RSUs) in the form of restricted 
stock options. The RSUs aim at retaining and 
incentivizing the employees to seek to improve the  
performance of TORM and thereby the TORM share 
price for the mutual benefit of themselves and TORM’s 
shareholders. Each RSU granted under the LTIP 
entitles its holder to acquire one Class A common 
share, subject to vesting.  

For further information about investor relations, 

please visit www.torm.com/investors/  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTHER 

103 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ENGAGEMENT AND DECISION-MAKING 

The following information comprises our section 172 statement, setting out how, in performing their duties over the course of the year, Directors 
have had regard to the matters set out in section 172(1) (a-f) of the UK Companies Act 2006.  
We have integrated our reporting on how our stakeholders have been considered in terms of our business model and governance throughout this 
report. The Board of Directors of TORM considers, both individually and together, that they have acted in the way they consider, in good faith, 
would be most likely to promote the success of the TORM for the benefit of its members as a whole during the year ended 31 December 2021 

Why? 

How? 

Outcomes and actions 

Why is it important to engage 

How did Management and Directors engage? 

What was the impact of the engagement? 

SHAREHOLDERS 

Transparent and open shareholder 
communication is expected to support the 
markets’ valuation of TORM shares and 
future access to capital in the equity 
markets.  

To ensure consistent communication to all investors, quarterly and 
annual financial statements and other stock exchange 
announcements are the main vehicles of communication. TORM 
maintains regular capital market contact through analyst and 
industry presentations, investor meetings and conference calls.  

TORM issued 32 stock exchange announcements during 2021. The 
COVID-19 pandemic challenged the possibility to conduct physical 
meetings with investors and instead TORM organized several conference 
calls and presentations via digital platforms with investors through e.g. 
analysts. Further, TORM was represented on a number of industry panels. 

TORM’s management and the Directors have a continuous focus 
on the leveraging on the integrated One TORM platform, TORM’s 
capital structure and TORMs ESG agenda in support for short term 
and long term RoIC generation with the aim of maximizing the 
long-term value for TORM’s shareholders. 

In connection with the development of TORM’s updated ESG reporting, 
equity analysts and investors have been consulted about their 
requirements for the reporting of 2021. 

TORM is actively communicating initiatives that are affecting leverage 
and liquidity and are continuously confirming TORM’s focus on the One 
TORM platform through quarterly and annual presentations. 

EMPLOYEES 

TORM’s employees are fundamental to 
enable the Company to do business, and 
their continued engagement is an integral 
part of the decision-making across the 
organization. The Board supports an open 
dialogue between the Board and the 
workforce.  

The Board oversees the mechanisms we have in place to help 
ensure that employees can raise any matters of concern, how such 
matters are considered and, when necessary, investigated, 
through the whistleblower facility. 

Two employee-elected representatives attended all Board 
meetings as observers, The current observers include one office-
based employee and one sea-based employee. Observers are 

Since 2006, TORM’s Board of Directors has provided a whistleblower 
facility with an independent lawyer as part of the internal control 
system. Read more on page 44  

The observers on TORM’s Board allow TORM’s employees to have a 
direct line of questioning to and receive feedback from the Board. 
Full details of attendance can be found on page 76. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTHER 

104 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Why? 

How? 

Outcomes and actions 

Why is it important to engage 

How did Management and Directors engage? 

What was the impact of the engagement? 

TORM regards responsible behavior as a 
central part of the Company, our business 
and the mindset of our people.  

permitted to participate but are not permitted to formally vote on 
matters submitted to a vote.  

The Board receives and follows up on the Employee Engagement 
Survey performed twice a year.  

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company has ensured 
that every employee is provided with the required equipment to 
work safely from home when required. 

SUPPLIERS & CUSTOMERS 

Managing the relationship with suppliers 
and customers is an integral part of the way 
TORM conducts its business. The COVID-19 
pandemic highlighted the importance of 
maintaining a dialogue as well as a good 
relationship with both suppliers and 
customers.  

At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, TORM reviewed the 
supplier chain to search for critical vendors, ensuring that a 
dialogue took place to pre-empt any unforeseen problems that 
might occur. 

Beyond national and international regulation, TORM’s largest 
customers have their own compliance criteria that TORM and 
other product tanker operators have to comply with.  

Ensuring quality in everything TORM does, is part of the one 
TORM KPI Framework. Within this framework, the Board includes 
a Tradability KPI ensuring that TORM vessels are available to meet 
our customers’ demands. 

TORM encourages feedback from its customers and suppliers. 

In 2021, we continued our bi-annual real time data engagement 
survey which we introduced in 2019. More than 90% of all shore-
based employees responded to this survey. Read about TORMs 
engagement survey on page 41-42 

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, we have supported our 
employees to work from home, where possible, and recognized this 
as an opportunity to further increase flexible working in the future. 
Going forward, remote work will continue to form part of the way 
daily operations are performed in TORM providing more flexibility 
than has previously been available. Read more about our people on 
page 41-42 

The Board’s pre-emptive actions enabled TORM to ensure smooth 
continuation of operations throughout 2021.  

TORM has a high degree of approval by oil majors and regularly receives 
feedback from our customers. TORM utilizes this feedback in solving 
future logistical demands, understanding our customers’ difficulties and 
requirements and to help resolve issues each time they are encountered.  

Read about more detail on how TORM meets customers’ 
requirements on page 37-39  

TORM’s modern and well-maintained fleet with most of the vessels being 
scrubber-fitted further provides TORM and its customers with enhanced 
flexibility as well as reduced fuel costs. 

2021 proved to be another challenging year, particularly on supply chain 
availability and options. Despite this TORM’s supplier relationships and 
regional approach, meant that no off hire was suffered by our fleet due to 
unavailability of critical spares. 

LENDERS 

Strong relationships with our banks, 
financial institutions and investors supports 
the Company’s ability to be financially 
flexible. 

TORM maintains an ongoing dialogue with several funding 
providers. TORM is engaged with lenders and potential lenders for 
being able to fund vessel acquisitions.  

TORM entered into several financing agreements to finance numerous 2nd 
hand vessel acquisitions to allow the Company to continue the fleet 
renewal program.  

TORM is also in dialogue with leasing providers for operational 
lease funding of vessel acquisitions and for sale and leaseback 
transactions in order to mitigate stranded asset risk. 

Several of the acquisitions and some of the sale and leaseback 
transactions entered into during 2021 were structured as operational 
leases securing TORM’s option to redeliver the asset to the lessor at the 
end of the lease. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTHER 

105 

 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Why? 

How? 

Outcomes and actions 

Why is it important to engage 

How did Management and Directors engage? 

What was the impact of the engagement? 

TORM is engaged with funding providers in order to understand 
ESG risks related to financing in order to be an attractive and 
transparent borrower. 

REGULATORS 

As a company incorporated in the UK and 
listed on Nasdaq both in Copenhagen and 
New York, the Company must ensure that 
the high standards required by the local 
regulatory bodies are met. 

Through close dialogue with Management, its committees and 
through its compliance systems, the Board ensures that the 
Company remains up to date with the latest regulatory changes. 
Examples of matters discussed this year by the Board or the 
committees include:  

TORM’s Business Principles, ensure that TORM is always in 
compliance with legislation and lives up to the commitment to 
responsible business practices. See pages 32,44, 47  

TORM’s Corporate Social Responsibility Statement and Corporate 
Governance statement www.torm.com/about 

• 

• 

IMO regulations on CO2 emissions 

Danish Shipping and the Charter for more women in shipping 

•  Mærsk McKinney Møller Center for Zero Carbon Shipping 

• 

The Modern Slavery Act 

TORM’s Modern Slavery Act Statement 
www.modernslaveryregistry.org 

Read about more TORM’s participation in the Danish Shipping on 
pages. 35,43,72 and the Centre for Zero Carbon Shipping see pages 
27,35,40 

COMMUNITY & 
ENVIRONMENT 

TORM remains committed to taking an 
active role in caring for communities and 
our environment. It is not just our shared 
duty, but our shared responsibility. 
Therefore, TORM continues the work to 
combat carbon, sulfur and other emissions 
and remains committed to enabling quality 
education, as this is a matter of concern for 
TORM and its employees. We believe that 
by having all involved stakeholders working 
together on this, great results can be 
achieved. 

TORM is engaged in several local and global initiatives supporting 
the different communities in which the Company operates and 
also the overarching climate issues faced by the world. Different 
initiatives include our education foundation, our commitment to 
the UN SDGs 4 and 13 and our climate engagement supporting 
initiatives.  

TORM has set a target to reduce its relative CO2 emissions by 45% 
by 2030 compared to 2008 and be climate neutral by 2050.  

For information on how TORM Philippines and TORM India’s 
Education Foundation have been uplifting and supporting the 
educational development actions in the community see pages 45-46.  

To see how TORM is actively involved in various industry 
collaborations supporting our ambitious journey to achieve our 2050 
environmental target of zero CO2 emissions from our operating fleet 
see pages 27,35,40.  

To support TORMs ambitious CO2 target TORM management will be 
measured on achieving it. You can read more about TORMs ESG 
journey from page 32.  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTHER 

106 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT  

The Directors are pleased to present the Annual Report 
on the affairs of the TORM Group for 2021, including 
the financial statements and the auditor’s report.  
Other disclosure requirements, which form part of the 
Directors’ Report, are included in other sections of this 
Annual Report. Details on information incorporated by 
reference are generally set out under the relevant 
topics in the Directors’ Report.  

TORM’s section 172 statement can be found on 
pages 104-106. 

RESPONSIBILITY STATEMENT  
As required under UK-adopted International 
Accounting Standards a statement made by the Board 
regarding the preparation of the financial statements. 

TORM’s responsibility statement can be found on 
pages 110-111. 

GOING CONCERN 

TORM’s going concern statement can be found on 
page 63. 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 
The Corporate Governance Statement setting out how 
the Company complies with the Code, and which 
includes a description of the main features of our 
internal control and risk management arrangements in 
relation to the financial reporting process. 

Find TORMs Corporate Governance Statement 
www.torm.com/investors/governance 

A description of the composition and operation of 
the Board and its Committees is set out on pages 
73-76. 

Find the UK Corporate Governance Code 
www.frc.org.uk 

OTHER INFORMATION INCLUDED IN THE STRATEGIC 
REPORT 
The “Strategic Report” set out on pages 16-30 provides 
a review of TORM’s operations in 2021 and the 
potential future developments of those operations. 
Details on greenhouse gas emissions are included in 
the “Strategic Report” on page 16-30, and details on 
TORM’s general policy relating to recruitment, training, 
career development and disabled employees are 
included on page 43. 

Information on how the Directors have had regard to 
the need to foster the Company’s business 
relationship with suppliers, customers, and other 
stakeholders is set out on pages 104-106. 

DIRECTORS AND THEIR INTERESTS 

The Directors of the Company who served during 
the financial year 2021 and up to the date of signing 
the financial statements can be found on page 75. 

The rules relating to the appointment and 
replacement of Directors and Directors’ powers can 
be found on TORMs Articles of Association.  

Details of Directors’ interests in the Company’s is set 
out on pages 96. 

INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND INSURANCE 
TORM has not granted any indemnity for the benefit of 
the Directors but has a general Directors’ and Officers’ 

Liability Insurance and a Public Offering of Securities 
Insurance covering the Prospectus and the Exchange 
Offer documentation related to the Corporate 
Reorganization.  

REQUIREMENTS OF THE LISTING RULES 
TORM plc is listed on Nasdaq in Copenhagen and 
Nasdaq in New York. The only listing rule requirement 
regarding the content of the Annual Report is that 
TORM’s Annual Report must comply with the 
provisions of the UK Companies Act, including 
provisions for EEA-listed companies. 

With effect from 1 January 2021, TORM plc elected 
Denmark as its Home State under the Transparency 
Directive rules, due to the implications of Brexit. 
Accordingly, TORM plc has complied with the 
guidelines laid down in the Public Statement from The 
European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA32-
61-1156) concerning the application of transparency 
requirements by UK issuers with securities admitted to 
trading on regulated markets in the EU under Article 4 
of the Transparency Directive, to ensure compliance 
and transparency in this annual report. 

SHARE CAPITAL 

More information on TORM’s share capital can be 
found on page 101. 

DIVIDENDS 
In line with the Company’s Distribution Policy, the 
Board of Directors has decided to recommend that no 
dividends be paid for 2021. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTHER 

107 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

SUSTAINABILITY 
Information about the Company’s approach to 
sustainability risks and opportunities is set out on 
pages 32-54. Also included on these pages are details 
of our greenhouse gas emissions. 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT  
The Company uses financial instruments to manage 
risks related to freight rates, bunker fuels, interest rates 
and foreign exchange. For further information on the 
use of financial instruments, please refer to Note 22 to 
the financial statements. Details on financial risks are 
provided in Note 21 to the financial statements. 

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING 
TORM’s next Annual General Meeting (AGM) will be 
held on 20 April 2022. The notice of the AGM, including 
the complete proposals, will be available on TORM’s 
website, www.torm.com prior to the meeting. 

RETIREMENT, REAPPOINTMENT AND APPOINTMENT 
OF DIRECTORS 
In line with the Company’s Articles of Association on 
file at Companies House, each Director, apart from the 
B-Director, must retire at the end of the second AGM 
after his or her appointment or last reappointment 
unless he or she has been reappointed at that AGM. 
The Company’s Directors were re-elected at the 2020 
Annual General Meeting and will therefore be due to 
retire in 2022. The terms and conditions of the 
appointment of Non-Executive Directors are set out in 
the Company's Memorandum of Terms and Conditions 

which, in accordance with the UK Companies Act 
2006, Chapter 5, Section 228, is available for inspection 
from the Company Secretary. 

SIGNIFICANT SHAREHOLDINGS 
Details on significant shareholdings are set out in the 
“Investor Information” section on page 101-103.  

SHARE CAPITAL 
Information about the Company’s share capital is set 
out in Investor information on pages 101-103. 

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 
The Company continues to focus on optimization,  
but does not allocate specific costs to research and 
development. 

GROUP POLICY COMPLIANCE 
TORM has implemented a comprehensive compliance 
program to ensure that the Company remains in 
compliance with rules and regulations related to our 
business activities worldwide. As part of this 
compliance program, all employees are required to 
document that they are aware of and have received all 
training required in relation to each compliance area. 

COMPANY BRANCHES 
The TORM Group has offices in Denmark, India, the 
Philippines, Singapore, the UK and the USA. Further 
details on the Company's global presence are set out 
on page 6.  

POLITICAL DONATIONS 
No political donations were made during 2021. 

CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDER 
TORM’s controlling shareholder, Oaktree, owns TORM 
plc’s sole C-share, which carries 350,000,000 votes at 
the General Meeting in respect of Specified Matters, 
including election of members to the Board of 
Directors of TORM plc (including the Chairman, but 
excluding the Deputy Chairman) and certain 
amendments to the Articles of Association. 

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND POST-BALANCE 
SHEET EVENTS 
Details of important events affecting TORM which have 
occurred since the end of the financial year disclosed in 
Note 2 to the financial statements.  

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS 
Each person who is a Director at the date of approval 
of the Annual Report confirms that: 
•  As far as the Director is aware, there is no relevant 

• 

audit information of which the Company’s 
independent auditor is unaware. 
The Director has taken all reasonable steps that he 
or she ought to have taken as a Director in order to 
make him or herself aware of any relevant audit 
information and to establish that the Company’s 
independent auditor is aware of that information. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTHER 

108 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

This confirmation is given and should be interpreted in 
accordance with the provisions of section 418 of the 
UK Companies Act 2006. 

STATEMENT BY THE DIRECTORS IN PERFORMANCE 
OF THEIR STATUTORY DUTIES IN ACCORDANCE 
WITH SECTION 172(1) OF THE UK COMPANIES ACT 
2006 

TORM’s Engagement and Decision making can be 
found on pages 104-106. 

Approval 
On behalf of the Board of Directors 

Christopher H. Boehringer  
Chairman of the Board of Directors 
23 March 2022 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTHER 

109 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES  

• 

• 

In respect of the parent company financial 
statements state whether applicable UK 
Accounting Standards, including FRS 101, have 
been followed, subject to any material departures 
disclosed and explained in the financial statements  
Prepare the financial statements on the going 
concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume 
that the Company will continue in business 

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual 
Report and the financial statements in accordance with 
applicable United Kingdom law and regulations. 

Company law requires the Directors to prepare 
financial statements for each financial year. Under that 
law, the Directors are required to prepare the group 
financial statements in accordance with UK-adopted 
International Accounting Standards (UK-adopted IAS) 
and have elected to prepare the parent company 
financial statements in accordance with United 
Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice 
(United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable 
law), including Financial Reporting Standard 101 
“Reduced Disclosure Framework” (FRS 101). Under 
company law, the Directors must not approve the 
financial statements unless they are satisfied that they 
give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the 
Group and the Company and of the profit or loss of the 
Group and the Company for that period.

In preparing these financial statements, the Directors 
are required to: 
• 

Select suitable accounting policies in accordance 
with IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in 
Accounting Estimates and Errors and then apply 
them consistently 

•  Make judgements and accounting estimates that 

• 

• 

• 

are reasonable and prudent 
Present information, including accounting policies, 
in a manner that provides relevant, reliable, 
comparable and understandable information 
Provide additional disclosures when compliance 
with the specific requirements in UK-adopted IAS 
(or in respect of the parent company financial 
statements, FRS 101) is insufficient to enable users 
to understand the impact of particular 
transactions, other events and conditions on the 
entity's financial position and financial performance 
In respect of the group financial statements, state 
whether UK-adopted IAS have been followed, 
subject to any material departures disclosed and 
explained in the financial statements 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTHER 

110 

 
  
 
 
STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate 
accounting records that are sufficient to show and 
explain the Company’s and the Group’s transactions 
and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the 
financial position of the Company and the Group and 
enable them to ensure that the company and the group 
financial statements comply with the Companies Act 
2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the 
assets of the Group and Company and hence for taking 
reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of 
fraud and other irregularities. 

Under applicable law and regulations, the directors are 
also responsible for preparing a strategic report, 
directors’ report, directors’ remuneration report and 
corporate governance statement that comply with that 
law and those regulations. The Directors are 
responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the 
corporate and financial information included on the 
Company’s website. Legislation in the United Kingdom 
governing the preparation and dissemination of 
financial statements may differ from legislation in other 
jurisdictions  

Directors’ responsibility statement 
We confirm that to the best of our knowledge: 

This responsibility statement was approved by the 
Board of Directors on 23 March 2022 and is signed on 
its behalf by: 

Jacob Meldgaard 
Executive Director 

• 

• 

• 

The consolidated financial statements, prepared in 
accordance with the Companies Act 2006 and UK-
adopted International Accounting Standards, give 
a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, 
financial position and profit or loss of the Company 
and the undertakings included in the consolidation 
taken as a whole 
The annual report, including the Strategic Report, 
includes a fair review of the development and 
performance of the business and the position of 
the Company and the undertakings included in the 
consolidation taken as a whole, together with a 
description of the principal risks and uncertainties 
that they face 
The annual report, taken as a whole, is fair, 
balanced and understandable and provides the 
information necessary for shareholders to assess 
the Company’s position and performance, business 
model and strategy 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTHER 

111 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SAFE HARBOR STATEMENTS  
AS TO THE FUTURE   

Matters discussed in this release may constitute 
forward looking statements. The Private Securities 
Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides safe harbor 
protections for forward-looking statements in order to 
encourage companies to provide prospective 
information about their business. Forward-looking 
statements reflect our current views with respect to 
future events and financial performance and may 
include statements concerning plans, objectives, goals, 
strategies, future events or performance, and 
underlying assumptions and other statements, which 
are other than statements of historical facts. The 
Company desires to take advantage of the safe harbor 
provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform 
Act of 1995 and is including this cautionary statement 
in connection with this safe harbor legislation. Words 
such as, but not limited to, “believe”, “anticipate”, 
“intend”, “estimate”, “forecast”, “project”, “plan”, 
“potential”, “may”, “should”, “expect”, “pending” and 
similar expressions or phrases may identify forward-
looking statements. 

The forward-looking statements in this release are 
based upon various assumptions, many of which are, in 
turn, based upon further assumptions, including 
without limitation, management’s examination of 
historical operating trends, data contained in our 
records and other data available from third parties. 
Although the Company believes that these 
assumptions were reasonable when made, because  

these assumptions are inherently subject to significant 
uncertainties and contingencies that are difficult or 
impossible to predict and are beyond our control, the 
Company cannot guarantee that it will achieve or 
accomplish these expectations, beliefs or projections. 

 or future litigation, domestic and international political 
conditions, potential disruption of shipping routes due 
to accidents, weather, political events including “trade 
wars”, the geopolitical crisis related to Russia and 
Ukraine, or acts of terrorism.  

Important factors that, in our view, could cause actual 
results to differ materially from those discussed in the 
forward-looking statements include, but are not limited 
to, the strength of the world economy and currencies, 
general market conditions, including fluctuations in 
charter hire rates and vessel values, the duration and 
severity of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, including 
its impact on the demand for petroleum products and 
the seaborne transportation of these and the ability to 
change crew and operate a vessel with COVID-19 
infected crew, the operations of our customers and our 
business in general, the failure of our contract 
counterparties to meet their obligations, changes in 
demand for “ton-miles” of oil carried by oil tankers and 
changes in demand for tanker vessel capacity, the 
effect of changes in OPEC’s petroleum production 
levels and worldwide oil consumption and storage, 
changes in demand that may affect attitudes of time 
charterers to scheduled and unscheduled dry-docking, 
changes in TORM’s operating expenses, including 
bunker prices, dry-docking and insurance costs, 
changes in the regulation of shipping operations, 
including actions taken by regulatory authorities 
including but not limited to CO2 tariffs or trade tariffs , 
potential liability from pending 

In light of these risks and uncertainties, undue reliance 
should not be placed on forward-looking statements 
contained in this release because they are statements 
about events that are not certain to occur as described 
or at all. These forward-looking statements are not 
guarantees of our future performance, and actual 
results and future developments may vary materially 
from those projected in the forward-looking 
statements. 

Except to the extent required by applicable law or 
regulation, the Company undertakes no obligation to 
release publicly any revisions or updates to these 
forward-looking statements to reflect events or 
circumstances after the date of this release or to reflect 
the occurrence of unanticipated events. Please see 
TORM’s filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange 
Commission for a more complete discussion of certain 
of these and other risks and uncertainties. The 
information set forth herein speaks only as of the date 
hereof, and the Company disclaims any intention or 
obligation to update any forward-looking statements 
as a result of developments occurring after the date of 
this communication. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

OTHER 

112 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS  

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Consolidated Income Statement 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 
Consolidated Balance Sheet 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 
Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 
Notes Consolidated 

PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Parent Company 2021 
Balance Sheet 
Changes in Equity 
Notes to Parent Company Financial Statements 

OTHER 
Independent Auditor’s Report 
TORM Fleet Overview 
Glossary and APM 

114 
114 
115 
116 
118 
119 

157 
158 
159 
160 

164 
170 
173 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

113 

Consolidated financial statements 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating expenses 

Profit from sale of vessels 

Administrative expenses 

Other operating expenses 

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT 
1 JANUARY-31 DECEMBER 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF 
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
1 JANUARY-31 DECEMBER 

USD '000 

Revenue 

Note 

2021 

2020 

2019 

USD '000 

    619,532 

747,356 

692,610 

Net profit/(loss) for the year 

2021 

2020 

2019 

-42,089  

  88,114  

 166,022  

Port expenses, bunkers and commissions 

   -240,937 

-227,924 

-267,739 

3  -190,471 

-178,376 

-172,983 

Other comprehensive income/(loss): 

24 

0 

1,069 

1,180 

Items that may be reclassified to profit or loss: 

3, 4 

-51,542 

-50,773 

-47,724 

Exchange rate adjustment arising from translation of 

414 

-19,185 

-2,911 

entities using a functional currency different from USD 

  -209  

  16  

 426  

Share of profit/(loss) from joint ventures 

-104 

-242 

-422 

Fair value adjustment on hedging instruments 

8,455  

 -15,790  

 -13,289  

Impairment losses and reversal of impairment on 

Fair value adjustment on hedging instruments transferred 

tangible assets 

Depreciation   

6, 8, 24 

-4,645 

-11,096 

114,004 

to income statement 

8,667  

6,860  

 1,284  

6,7  -130,851 

-121,922 

-110,124 

Items that may not be reclassified to profit or loss: 

Operating profit/(loss) (EBIT) 

1,396 

138,907 

205,891 

Remeasurements of net pension and other post-retirement 

Financial income 

Financial expenses 

10 

10 

241 

536 

2,796 

-42,382 

-49,914 

-41,881 

benefit liability or asset 

  -8  

  103  

  -82  

Other comprehensive income/(loss) after tax ¹

 16,905  

  -8,811  

-11,661  

Profit/(loss) before tax 

    -40,745 

89,529 

166,806 

Tax  

13 

-1,344 

-1,415 

-784 

Net profit/(loss) for the year 

    -42,089 

88,114 

166,022 

EARNINGS PER SHARE 

Basic earnings/(loss) per share (USD) 

Diluted earnings/(loss) per share (USD) 

28 

28 

-0.54  

-0.54  

  1.19  

  1.19  

2.24  

2.24  

Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year 

⁾

 -25,184  

79,303  

  154,361  

¹

 No income tax was incurred relating to other comprehensive income/(loss) items. 

⁾

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

114 

 
  
   
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
Note 

2021 

2020 

USD '000 

Note 

2021 

2020 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET 
AS OF 31 DECEMBER 

Vessels and capitalized dry-docking 

6,7,8,17  1,937,791   1,722,465  

6,7 

4,824  

7,098  

USD '000 

ASSETS 

NON-CURRENT ASSETS 

Tangible fixed assets 

Land and buildings 

Prepayments on vessels 

Other plant and operating equipment 

Total tangible fixed assets 

Financial assets 

Investments in joint ventures 

Loan receivables 

Deferred tax asset 

Other investments  

Total financial assets 

Total non-current assets 

CURRENT ASSETS 

Bunkers 

Freight receivables 

Other receivables 

Prepayments 

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

EQUITY 

Common shares 

Share premium 

Treasury shares 

6 

6 

  11,996  

 12,024  

Hedging reserves 

6,327  

6,847  

Translation reserves 

   1,960,938   1,748,434  

Retained profit 

Total equity 

 1,473  

 1,588  

LIABILITIES 

5 

 4,617  

 4,617  

NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES 

9  1,967,680   1,754,984  

CURRENT LIABILITIES 

 48,812  

22,459  

11 

12 

83,968  

58,574  

39,966  

 24,881  

5,624  

  2,181  

Borrowings 

Trade payables 

Current tax liabilities 

Other liabilities 

Provisions 

Total current liabilities 

Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash 

29    171,733  

 135,564  

Current assets 

Assets held for sale 

Total current assets 

TOTAL ASSETS 

     350,103  

243,659  

Total liabilities 

24 

  13,216  

- 

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

     363,319  

243,659  

    2,330,999   1,998,643  

14 

  812  

 748  

     159,558  

 102,044  

14 

-4,235  

-4,235  

-3,559  

 -20,681  

  137  

 346  

    899,467  

939,247  

   1,052,180   1,017,469  

7,16,17,19 

 208,951  

 102,858  

19 

35,332  

 14,350  

 929  

  1,418  

15,19 

 43,681  

59,782  

27 

 18,300  

 18,300  

     307,193  

 196,708  

   1,278,819  

  981,174  

    2,330,999    1,998,643  

  651  

  1  

 344  

  1  

6,742  

6,550  

Non-current tax liability related to held over gains 

13 

 45,176  

44,923  

Borrowings 

Total non-current liabilities 

7,16,17,19  926,450  

739,543  

     971,626  

784,466  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

115 

 
  
 
 
      
   
      
   
      
   
   
   
   
   
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
   
      
   
   
   
   
   
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY  
1 JANUARY-31 DECEMBER 

USD '000 

Equity as of 1 January 2019 

Comprehensive income/loss for the year: 

Net profit/(loss) for the year 

Other comprehensive income/(loss) for the year²

Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year 

⁾

Capital increase 

Share-based compensation 

Total changes in equity 2019 

Equity as of 31 December 2019 

Comprehensive income/loss for the year: 

Net profit/(loss) for the year 

Other comprehensive income/(loss) for the year ²

Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year 

⁾

Capital increase 

Transaction costs of capital increase 

Acquisition of treasury shares 

Share-based compensation 

Dividend paid 

Total changes in equity 2020 

Equity as of 31 December 2020 

Common 

Share 

Treasury 

Hedging 

Translation 

Retained 

shares 

premium 

shares ¹

reserves 

reserves 

profit 

Total 

742  

 97,092  

  -2,887  

⁾

254  

-96  

  752,106  

847,211  

 - 

 - 

 - 

5  

 - 

5  

 - 

 - 

 - 

  4,197  

 - 

  4,197  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

-12,005  

-12,005  

 - 

 - 

 - 

426  

426  

 - 

 - 

  166,022  

  166,022  

-82  

  -11,661  

  165,940  

154,361  

 - 

1,913  

 4,202  

1,913  

-12,005  

426  

  167,853  

  160,476  

747  

101,289  

  -2,887  

  -11,751  

330  

  919,959  

 1,007,687  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 1  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 1  

 - 

 - 

 - 

787  

-32  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

-1,348  

 - 

 - 

 - 

  -8,930  

  -8,930  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 16  

 16  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

88,114  

 103  

88,114  

 -8,811  

  88,217  

 79,303  

 - 

 - 

 - 

  1,682  

 -70,611  

788  

-32  

-1,348  

  1,682  

 -70,611  

755  

-1,348  

  -8,930  

 16  

  19,288  

 9,782  

748  

  102,044  

  -4,235  

-20,681  

346  

 939,247  

  1,017,469  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

116 

 
  
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY  
1 JANUARY-31 DECEMBER 

USD '000 

Equity as of 1 January 2021 

Comprehensive income/(loss) for the year: 

Net profit/(loss) for the year 

Other comprehensive income/(loss) for the year ²

Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year 

⁾

Capital increase ³

Transaction costs of capital increase 
⁾

Share-based compensation 

Dividend paid 

Total changes in equity 2021 

Equity as of 31 December 2021 

¹
²
³

 Please refer to note 14 for further information on treasury shares. 
 Please refer to "Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income". 
⁾
 Please refer to note 14 for further information on capital increases during the year. 
⁾
⁾

Common 

Share 

Treasury 

Hedging 

Translation 

Retained 

shares 

premium 

shares ¹

reserves 

reserves 

profit 

Total 

748  

  102,044  

  -4,235  

⁾

-20,681  

346  

 939,247  

  1,017,469  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

64  

 57,799  

 - 

 - 

 - 

-285  

 - 

 - 

64  

  57,514  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

17,122  

17,122  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

  -42,089  

  -42,089  

  16,905  

-8  

  -42,097  

-25,184  

 - 

 - 

  2,317  

 - 

 57,863  

-285  

  2,317  

 - 

-209  

-209  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

17,122  

-209  

  -39,780  

34,711  

 812  

  159,558  

  -4,235  

  -3,559  

 137  

 899,467  

  1,052,180  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

117 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT  
1 JANUARY-31 DECEMBER 

USD '000 

Note 

2021 

2020 

2019 

USD '000 

Note 

2021 

2020 

2019 

CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES 

CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES 

Net profit/(loss) for the year 

    -42,089  

  88,114  

 166,022  

Investment in tangible fixed assets ¹

    -319,787  

 -173,050  

-384,349  

Reversals: 

  Profit from sale of vessels 

  Depreciation 

- 

 -1,069  

  -1,180  

6    130,851  

  121,922  

110,124  

Investments in joint ventures 

Sale of tangible fixed assets 

⁾

Change in restricted cash 

- 

- 

  -275  

24 

 10,033  

83,662  

  61,801  

    19,161  

 -30,414  

- 

  Impairment losses and reversal of impairment 

Net cash flow from investing activities 

   -290,593     -119,802  

-322,823  

losses on tangible assets 

6, 8, 24 

4,645  

  11,096     -114,004  

  Share of profit/(loss) from joint ventures 

  Financial income 

  Financial expenses 

  Tax expenses 

  Other non-cash movements 

Dividends received from joint ventures 

Interest received and realized exchange gains 

10 

10 

13 

25 

  104  

-241  

 242  

 422  

  -536  

-2,796  

42,382  

 49,914  

  41,881  

 1,344  

  1,415  

 1,350  

 1,093  

 275  

  241  

 275  

 583  

 784  

 925  

  19  

2,535  

Interest paid and realized exchange losses 

     -41,046  

-52,905  

-45,283  

Income taxes paid 

 -1,379  

  -252  

-216  

CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

Proceeds, borrowings 

Repayment, borrowings 

Dividend paid 

Capital increase ¹

Transaction costs share issue 

⁾

Purchase/disposal of treasury shares 

Change in restricted cash 

5, 16 

 548,817  

734,346  

 261,830  

16  -253,420  

-746,475     -169,177  

- 

  -70,611  

 788  

  -32  

 -1,348  

14 

2,863  

  -285  

- 

 -  

- 

4,202  

- 

- 

 -  

 -12,364  

Net cash flow from financing activities 

    297,975  

-83,332  

 84,491  

Change in bunkers, receivables and payables, 

Net cash flow from operating, investing and 

etc. 

25 

-48,489  

 15,909  

  11,858  

financing activities 

    55,330  

32,667  

 -67,241  

Net cash flow from operating activities 

    47,948  

 235,801  

171,091  

Cash and cash equivalents as of 1 January 

 89,514  

56,847  

 124,088  

Cash and cash equivalents as of 31 December 

     144,844  

 89,514  

56,847  

Restricted cash as of 31 December 

29 

26,889  

46,050  

 15,636  

Cash and cash equivalents, including 

restricted cash as of 31 December 

     171,733  

 135,564  

72,483  

¹

 In 2021 share capital was increased by USD 57.9m including a USD 55.0m non-cash share issue in relation to 
acquisition of eight vessels. Please refer to Note 14 for further reference. 

⁾

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

118 

 
  
 
 
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
 
 
      
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  

Note 1 – Accounting Policies, Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgements 
Note 2 – Liquidity, Capital Resources and Subsequent Events 
Note 3 – Staff Costs 
Note 4 – Remuneration to Auditors Appointed at the Parent Company’s 

Annual General Meeting 

Note 5 – Loan Receivables 
Note 6 – Tangible Fixed Assets 
Note 7 – Leasing 
Note 8 – Impairment Testing 
Note 9 – Non-Current Assets 
Note 10 – Financial Items 
Note 11 – Freight Receivables 
Note 12 – Other Receivables 
Note 13 – Tax 
Note 14 – Common Shares and Treasury Shares 
Note 15 – Other Liabilities 
Note 16 - Effective Interest Rate, Outstanding Borrowings 
Note 17 – Collateral Security for Borrowings 
Note 18 – Guarantee Commitments and Contingent Liabilities 
Note 19 – Contractual Rights and Obligations 
Note 20 – Derivative Financial Instruments 
Note 21 – Risks Associated with TORM’s Activities 
Note 22 – Financial Instruments 
Note 23 – Related Party Transactions 
Note 24 – Assets Held for Sale and Non-Current Assets Sold During the Year 
Note 25 – Cash Flows 
Note 26 – Entities in the Group 
Note 27 - Provisions 
Note 28 – Earnings per Share and Dividend per Share 
Note 29 – Cash and Cash Equivalents, Including Restricted Cash 

120 
125 
126 

129 
129 
130 
132 
135 
136 
137 
137 
138 
138 
139 
140 
141 
142 
142 
143 
145 
148 
152 
153 
153 
153 
154 
155 
155 
156 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

119 

 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 1 – ACCOUNTING POLICIES, CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND 
JUDGEMENTS 

NOTE 1 – continued 

OVERVIEW OF BUSINESS 
TORM plc is a shipping company, which owns and operates a fleet of product tankers. TORM plc 
is a public company limited by shares and is incorporated in England and Wales. Its registered 
number is 09818726 and its registered address is Birchin Court, 20 Birchin Lane, London, EC3V 
9DU. Unless otherwise indicated, the terms “TORM plc”, “we”, “us”, “our”, the ”Company”, and 
the “Group” refer to TORM plc and its consolidated subsidiaries, which include TORM A/S and 
its consolidated subsidiaries. 

TORM plc is listed on the stock exchanges Nasdaq in Copenhagen, Denmark, and on Nasdaq in 
New York, United States. 

BASIS OF PREPARATION 
The consolidated financial statements of the Group have been prepared in accordance with UK-
adopted International Accounting Standards (“UK-adopted IAS”). The consolidated financial 
statements are also prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards 
(“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and IFRS as 
adopted by the EU, as applied to financial periods beginning on or after 1 January 2021.  

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis and under 
the historical cost convention except where fair value accounting is specifically required by 
IFRS. 

The functional currency of the Company is USD, and the Company applies USD as the 
presentation currency in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. 

GOING CONCERN 
As of 31 December 2021, TORM’s available liquidity including undrawn and committed facilities 
was USD 210m, including a total cash position of USD 172m (including restricted cash of USD 
27m). TORM’s net interest-bearing debt was USD 972m, and the net debt loan-to-value ratio 
was 52.3%. Further information on TORM’s objectives and policies for managing its capital, its 
financial risk management objectives and its exposure to credit and liquidity risk can be found in 
Note 21 to the financial statements. The principal risks and uncertainties facing TORM are set out 
on pages 65-69 and details on the liquidity and capital resources are described in Note 2. 

TORM monitors its funding position throughout the year to ensure that it has access to 
sufficient funds to meet our forecast cash requirements, including newbuilding and loan 
commitments, and to monitor compliance with the financial covenants in its loan facilities, 
details of which are available in Note 2 to the financial statements. A key element for TORM’s 
financial performance in the going concern period relates to the development of the COVID-19 
pandemic and related effect on the oil demand and supply balance. TORM’s base case assumes 
the oil markets to reach pre-COVID-19 levels during the second half of 2022 with freight rates 
and vessel values materializing above 2021 levels. In the base case, TORM has sufficient liquidity 
and headroom above all the covenant limits. TORM also pays special attention to the 
significantly increased geopolitical risk following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 
and the associated effects on the product tanker market. The immediate impact is that the 
uncertainty and potential for re-routing of trade flows has sent the tanker freight rates in the 
European markets upwards. The financial impact going forward is uncertain, but TORM currently 
expects that the possible effects are covered within the below sensitivity calculations. 

TORM performs sensitivity calculations to reflect downside scenarios including, but not limited 
to, future freight rates and vessel valuations in order to identify risks to future liquidity and 
covenant compliance and to enable Management to take corrective actions, if required. The 
downside scenarios cover the principal risks and uncertainties facing TORM as set out on pages 
65-69 and include different distressed outlooks for the product tanker market. In a low case 
scenario, Management has assumed freight rates which on average are approximately 25% 
below those in the base case and a related decline in vessel values. In the low case scenario, 
there remains sufficient headroom on liquidity and covenants. In a stress case scenario, 
Management has further stressed the freight rates to the lowest rolling four quarter average 
since 2000. In the stress case scenario, certain actions will be required to maintain covenant 
compliance. Such actions are assessed to be achievable also in a stress case scenario and could 
include elements such as the sale of older vessels. 

The Board of Directors has considered TORM’s cash flow forecasts and the expected 
compliance with TORM’s financial covenants for the period until 31 March 2023. TORM’s cash 
flow forecast and expected covenant compliance are based on the business plan approved by 
the Board of Directors. Based on this review, the Board of Directors has a reasonable 
expectation that taking reasonably possible changes in trading performance and vessel 
valuations into account, TORM will be able to continue the operational existence and comply 
with its financial covenants for the period until 31 March 2023. Accordingly, TORM continues to 
adopt the going concern basis in preparing its financial statements.  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

120 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 1 - continued 

NOTE 1 - continued  

ADOPTION OF NEW OR AMENDED IFRS STANDARDS 
TORM has implemented the following standards and amendments issued by the IASB and 
adopted by the UK in the consolidated financial statements for 2021: 

• 

• 
• 

IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16 amendments Interest rate Benchmark Reform – 
Phase 2 
IFRS 4 amendment Extension of the Temporary exemption from Applying IFRS 9 
IFRS 16 amendment Covid-19-related Rent Concessions beyond 30 June 2021 

It is assessed that application of these effective on 01 January 2021 has not had any material 
impact on the consolidated financial statements in 2021. 

ACCOUNTING STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS NOT YET ADOPTED 
IASB has issued a number of new or amended accounting standards (IFRS) and interpretations 
(IFRIC) which have not yet come into effect: 

•  Amendments to IFRS 3 Business Combinations; IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment; IAS 

37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets (all mandatory 01 January 2022) 

•  Annual Improvements 2018-2020 (01 January 2022) 
•  Amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements: Classification of Liabilities as 

• 
• 

• 
• 

• 

Current or Non-current (01 January 2023) 
IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts (01 January 2023) 
IAS 12 amendments Deferred Tax related to Assets and liabilities arising from a Single 
Transaction (01 January 2023) 
IAS 8 amendments Definition of Accounting Estimates (01 January 2023) 
IAS 1 and IFRS Practice Statement 2 amendments Disclosure of Accounting Policies (01 
January 2023) 
IFRS 10 and IAS 28 (amendments) Sale or Contribution of Assets between an Investor and its 
Associate or Joint Venture issued in September 2014 (deferred indefinitely) 

TORM has assessed the accounting standards and interpretations not yet adopted and does not 
expect the new standards to have any material impact on neither TORM’s figures nor the 
disclosures. 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
The Group’s general accounting policies are described below. In addition to this, specific 
accounting policies are described in each of the individual notes to the consolidated financial 
statements as outlined in the following notes: 

•  Staff costs 
•  Loan receivables 
•  Tangible fixed assets 
•  Leasing 
Impairment 
• 
•  Financial items 
•  Freight receivables 
•  Other receivables 
•  Tax 
•  Other liabilities 
•  Borrowings 
•  Derivative financial instruments 
•  Provisions 
•  Earnings per share 

Consolidation principles 
The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of the Parent Company, 
TORM plc and entities controlled by the Company and its subsidiaries. Control is achieved when 
the Company has all the following: 
•  Power over the investee 
•  Exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee 
•  The ability to use its power over the investee to affect the amounts of the investor’s returns 

TORM reassess whether it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are 
changes to one or more of the three elements of control listed above 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

121 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 1 - continued 

NOTE 1 - continued 

When the Company has less than a majority of the voting rights of an investee, it has power 
over the investee when the voting rights are sufficient to give it the practical ability to direct the 
relevant activities unilaterally. The Company considers all facts and circumstances in assessing 
whether or not the Company’s voting rights in an investee are sufficient to give it power, 
including: 

•  The size of the Company’s holding of voting rights relative to the size and dispersion of 

holdings of the other vote holders 

•  Potential voting rights held by the Company, other vote holders or other parties 
•  Rights arising from other contractual arrangements 
•  Any additional facts and circumstances which indicate that the Company has, or does not 
have, the current ability to direct the relevant activities at the time when decisions need to 
be made, including voting pattern at previous shareholders’ meetings 

Entities in which the Group exercises significant but not controlling influence are regarded as 
associated companies and are accounted for using the equity method. 

Companies which are managed jointly by agreement with one or more companies and therefore 
are subject to joint control (joint ventures) are accounted for using the equity method. 

Consolidation of a subsidiary begins when the Company obtains control over the subsidiary and 
ends when the Company loses control over the subsidiary. Specifically, income and expenses of 
a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the consolidated income 
statement and other comprehensive income from the date on which the Company obtains 
control until the date when the Company loses control over the subsidiary. 

The consolidated financial statements are prepared using consistent accounting policies and 
eliminating intercompany transactions, balances, and shareholdings as well as gains and losses 
on transactions between the consolidated entities.  

Foreign currencies 
The functional currency of all significant entities, including subsidiaries and associated 
companies, is United States Dollars (USD), because the Company’s vessels operate in 
international shipping markets, in which income and expenses are settled in USD, and because 
the Company’s most significant assets and liabilities in the form of vessels and related liabilities 
are denominated in USD. Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are 
translated into the functional currency at the transaction date. Cash, receivables and payables 
and other monetary items denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are 
translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Gains or 
losses due to differences between the exchange rate at the transaction date and the exchange 
rate at the settlement date or the balance sheet date are recognized in the income statement 
under “Financial income” and “Financial expenses”.  

The reporting currency of the Company is USD. Upon recognition of entities with functional 
currencies other than USD, the financial statements are translated into USD. Income statement 
items are translated into USD at the exchange rate for each transaction, whereas balance sheet 
items are translated at the exchange rate as of the balance sheet date. Exchange differences 
arising from the translation of financial statements into USD are recognized as a separate 
component in “Other comprehensive income”. On the disposal of an entity, the cumulative 
amount of the exchange differences recognized in the separate component of equity relating to 
that entity is transferred to the income statement as part of the gain or loss on disposal. 

Segment information 
The segmentation is based on the Group’s internal management and reporting structure. The 
Group only has one operating segment which is the sole reportable segment, the Tanker 
Segment, for which the services provided primarily comprise transportation of refined oil 
products such as gasoline, jet fuel, and naphtha.  

The Group has only one geographical segment, because the Company considers the global 
market as a whole and as the individual vessels are not limited to specific parts of the world. 
Further, the internal management reporting does not provide such information. Consequently, it 
is not possible to provide geographical segment information on revenue from external 
customers or non-current segment assets. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

122 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 1 - continued 

NOTE 1 – continued 

INCOME STATEMENT 
Revenue 
Income is recognized in the income statement when: 
•  The income generating activities have been carried out on the basis of a binding agreement 
•  The income can be measured reliably 
• 

It is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the 
Company 

The claim will often be met by counterclaims due to differences in the interpretation of the 
agreement compared to the actual circumstances of the additional time used. Based on 
previous experience, 95% of the demurrage claim submitted is recognized as demurrage 
revenue upon initial recognition. The Company receives the demurrage payment upon reaching 
final agreement on the amount, which on average is approximately 100 days after the original 
demurrage claim was submitted. Any adjustments to the final agreement are recognized as 
demurrage revenue. 

Revenue comprises freight, charter hire, and demurrage revenue from the vessels. Revenue is 
recognized when or as performance obligations are satisfied by transferring services to the 
customer, i.e., over time, provided that the stage of completion can be measured reliably. 
Revenue is measured as the consideration the Group expects to be entitled to.  

Port expenses, bunkers, and commissions 
Port expenses, bunker fuel consumption, and commissions are recognized as incurred. To the 
extent that the costs are recoverable, costs directly attributable to relocate the vessel to the 
load port are capitalized and amortized over the course of the transportation period. 

Freight revenue, including charter hire and demurrage (and related voyage costs) are 
recognized in the income statement according to the entered charter parties from the date of 
load to the date of delivery of the cargo (discharge). The completion is determined using the 
load-to-discharge method based on the percentage of the estimated duration of the voyage 
completed at the reporting date, because the Company has an enforceable right to payment for 
performance completed to date.  

Cross-over voyages 
For cross-over voyages (voyages in progress at the end of a reporting period), the uncertainty 
and the dependence on estimates are greater than for finalized voyages. The Company 
recognizes a percentage of the estimated revenue for the voyage equal to the percentage of 
the estimated duration of the voyage completed at the balance sheet date. The estimate of 
revenue is based on the expected duration and destination of the voyage. 

When recognizing revenue, there is a risk that the actual number of days it takes to complete 
the voyage will differ from the estimate. The contract for a single voyage may state several 
alternative destination ports. The destination port may change during the voyage, and the rate 
may vary depending on the destination port. Changes to the estimated duration of the voyage 
as well as changing destinations and weather conditions will affect the voyage expenses. 

Gains and losses on forward bunker contracts and write-down for losses on freight receivables 
are included in this line. 

Operating expenses 
Operating expenses, which comprise crew expenses, repair and maintenance expenses and 
tonnage duty, are expensed as incurred. 

Profit from sale of vessels 
Profit from sale of vessels is recognized at the time of delivery to the buyer, representing the 
difference between the sales price less costs to sell and the carrying value of the vessel. 

Administrative expenses 
Administrative expenses, which comprise administrative staff costs, management costs, office 
expenses and other expenses relating to administration, are expensed as incurred. 

Other operating expenses 
Other operating expenses primarily comprise management fees paid to commercial and 
technical managers for managing the fleet and profits and losses deriving from the disposal of 
fixed assets other than vessels. 

Demurrage revenue 
Freight contracts contain conditions regarding the amount of time available for loading and 
discharging of the vessel. If these conditions are breached, TORM is compensated for the 
additional time incurred in the form of demurrage revenue. Demurrage revenue is recognized in 
accordance with the terms and conditions of the charter parties. Upon completion of the 
voyage, the Company assesses the time spent in port, and a demurrage claim based on the 
relevant contractual conditions is submitted to the charterers. 

Depreciation and impairment losses and reversals of impairment losses 
Depreciation and impairment losses comprise depreciation of tangible fixed assets for the year 
as well as the write-down of the value of assets by the amount by which the carrying amount of 
the asset exceeds its recoverable amount. In the event of indication of impairment, the carrying 
amount is assessed, and the value of the asset is written down to its recoverable amount equal 
to the higher of value in use based on net present value of future earnings from the assets and 
its fair value less costs to sell. 

Subsequent reversal of impairment losses is recognized if the recoverable amount exceeds the 
carrying amount to the extent that the carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount 
without any historic impairment losses. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

123 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 1 - continued 

NOTE 1 - continued 

BALANCE SHEET 
Financial assets 
Financial assets are initially recognized on the settlement date at fair value plus transaction 
costs, except for financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, which are recognized at fair 
value. Financial assets are derecognized when the rights to receive cash flows from the assets 
have expired or have been transferred. 

CASH FLOW STATEMENT 
The cash flow statement shows how income and changes in the balance sheet items affect cash 
and cash equivalent, i.e., how cash is generated or used in the period. The cash flow statement is 
presented in accordance with the indirect method commencing with “Net profit/(loss) for the 
year”. 

Investments in joint ventures 
Investments in joint ventures comprise investments in companies which by agreement are 
managed jointly with one or more companies and therefore are subject to joint control and in 
which the parties have rights to the net assets of the joint venture. Joint ventures are accounted 
for using the equity method. Under the equity method, the investment in joint ventures is initially 
recognized at cost and thereafter adjusted to recognize TORM’s share of the profit or loss in the 
joint venture. When TORM’s share of losses in a joint venture exceeds the investment in the joint 
venture, TORM discontinues recognizing its share of further losses. Additional losses are 
recognized only to the extent that TORM has incurred legal or constructive obligations or made 
payments on behalf of the joint venture. 

Bunkers 
Bunkers and lube oil are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined 
using the FIFO method and includes expenditure incurred in acquiring the bunkers and lube oil 
and cost of delivery less discounts. 

Cash flow from operating activities converts income statement items from the accrual basis of 
accounting to cash basis. Starting with “Net profit/(loss) for the year”, non-cash items are 
reversed, and actual payments included. Further, the change in working capital is taken into 
account. 

Cash flow from investing activities comprises the cash used or received in the purchase and sale 
of tangible fixed assets and financial assets as well as cash from business combinations. 

Cash flow from financing activities comprises changes in the cash used or received in 
borrowings (amount of new borrowings and repayments), purchases or sales of treasury shares 
and dividend paid to shareholders. 

Cash and cash equivalents including restricted cash comprise cash and short-term bank 
deposits with an original maturity of three months or less. The carrying amount of these assets 
is approximately equal to their fair value. Cash and cash equivalents including restricted cash at 
the end of the reporting period are shown in the consolidated cash flow statement and can be 
reconciled to the related items in the consolidated balance sheet.  

Treasury shares 
Treasury shares are recognized as a separate component of equity at cost. Upon subsequent 
disposal of treasury shares, any consideration is also recognized directly in equity. 

The restricted cash balance relates to cash provided as security for initial margin calls and 
negative market values on derivatives as well as a sale and leaseback transaction prepayment to 
be released upon delivery of the vessel. 

Dividend 
Interim dividends are recognized as a liability at the time of declaration. Any year-end dividend 
is recognized as a liability at the date of approval at the AGM. 

Trade payables 
Trade payables are recognized at the fair value of the item purchased and are subsequently 
measured at amortized cost. 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS 
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires Management to make 
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the 
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the 
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates and 
assumptions are affected by the way TORM applies its accounting policies. An accounting 
estimate is considered critical if the estimate requires Management to make assumptions about 
matters subject to significant uncertainty, if different estimates could reasonably have been 
used, or if changes in the estimate that would have a material impact on the Company’s financial 
position or results of operations are reasonably likely to occur from period to period. 
Management believes that the accounting estimates applied are appropriate and the resulting 
balances are reasonable. However, actual results could differ from the original estimates 
requiring adjustments to these balances in future periods. 

Management also makes various accounting judgements in the preparation of the consolidated 
financial statements which can affect the amounts recognized. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

124 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 1 - continued 

NOTE 1 - continued 

 the 

Judgements 
Management has assessed that TORM has three CGUs within its single reportable segment 
product tanker segment – the largest of which is its Main Fleet (comprising LR1/LR2 and MR 
–
vessels). The Main Fleet is considered to be a single cash generating unit because the vessels in 
the Main Fleet are largely interchangeable and the cash flows generated by them are 
interdependent. These vessels are operated collectively as a combined internal pool, employed 
principally in the spot market and actively managed to meet the needs of our customers in that 
market, particularly regarding the location of vessels meeting required specifications and the 
price of transport rather than vessel class. Given the technical specifications and capacity of 
vessels, the Main Fleet is relatively homogenous with a very high degree of interoperability. All 
vessels in the Main Fleet can handle multiple sizes of cargoes and sail all seas and oceans, over 
both shorter and long distances. The Main Fleet is monitored and managed on an aggregated 
level as one pool, i.e., each vessel or vessel class does not generate cash inflows which are 
largely independent of those from other vessels or vessel classes. The MR vessels acquired in 
2021 with chemical trading capability are operated as all other product tanker vessels and thus 
included in the Main Fleet CGU. 

The other groups of CGUs outside the Main Fleet comprise the two Handysize vessels (which 
are typically used for shorter and coastal trade routes and more frequent port calls, including for 
transportation of various clean petroleum products within Europe and in the Mediterranean). 

ESTIMATES 
Carrying amounts of vessels 
The Company evaluates the carrying amounts of the vessels (including newbuildings) to 
determine if events have occurred which would require a modification of their carrying amounts. 
The recoverable number of vessels is reviewed based on events and changes in circumstances 
which would indicate that the carrying amount of the assets might not be recoverable. In 
assessing the recoverability of the vessels, the Company reviews certain indicators of potential 
impairment or indication which past impairment losses should be reversed such as reported sale 
and purchase prices, market demand and general market conditions.  

Further, market valuations from leading, independent, and internationally recognized 
shipbrokers are obtained on the reporting date as part of the review for potential impairment 
indicators. If an indication of impairment or reversal of past impairment is identified, the need for 
recognizing an impairment loss or a recognition of a reversal of a past impairment loss is 
assessed by comparing the carrying amount of the vessels to the higher of the fair value less 
costs of disposal and the value in use. 

The review for potential impairment indicators and projection of future discounted cash flows 
related to the vessels is complex and requires the Company to make various estimates including 
future freight rates, utilization, earnings from the vessels, future operating expenses and capital 
expenditure including dry-docking costs and discount rates. For more information on key 
assumptions and related sensitivities, please refer to Note 8.  

All these factors have been historically volatile, especially the freight rates. The carrying 
amounts of TORM’s vessels may not represent their fair market value at any point in time, as 
market prices of second-hand vessels to a certain degree tend to fluctuate with changes in 
freight rates and the cost of newbuildings. However, if the estimated future cash flow or related 
assumptions in the future experience change, an impairment write-down or reversal of 
impairment may be required. 

NOTE 2 – LIQUIDITY, CAPITAL RESOURCES AND SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES 
As of 31 December 2021, TORM’s cash and cash equivalents including restricted cash totaled 
USD 172m (2020: USD 136m; 2019: USD 72m), and undrawn and committed credit facilities 
amounted to USD 38m (2020: USD 132m; 2019: USD 173m). The undrawn and committed credit 
facilities consisted of a USD 38m leasing facility with BoComm Leasing. TORM had one 
newbuilding (2020: two; 2019: four) to be delivered in early 2022. The total outstanding CAPEX 
related to the newbuilding was USD 38m (2020: USD 86m; 2019: USD 51m) and is mainly 
financed by the committed BoComm Leasing facilities of USD 38m. 

TORM has a Syndicated Facilities Agreement which includes a USD 177m Term Facility 
Agreement, a USD 57m Revolving Credit Facility and a drawn USD 45m Working Capital Facility 
with maturity in 2026. In 2021, TORM repaid USD 83m debt on eight MR vessels on the Term 
Facility Agreement and refinanced the vessels with a sale and leaseback agreement. In addition 
to the Syndicated Facilities, TORM has a USD 222m Term Facility Agreement with Danish Ship 
Finance with maturity in 2027. Further, TORM has a USD 59m Term Facility Agreement and a 
USD 26m Term Facility Agreement both with maturity in 2025, and a USD 25m Term Facility 
Agreement with maturity in 2026 with Hamburg Commercial Bank. TORM also has a Term 
Facility Agreement with China Export-Import Bank of USD 45m with maturity in 2030 and with 
KfW-IPEX Bank of USD 41m with maturity in 2032. The facility with China Export-Import Bank 
was partially repaid in 2021, and TORM refinanced two vessels with a sale and leaseback 
agreement with BoComm Leasing. As of 31 December 2021, the scheduled minimum payments 
on mortgage debt and bank loans in 2022 were USD 151m. 

TORM has lease debt of a total USD 77m with various Japanese leasing providers, lease debt of 
a total USD 197m with BoComm Leasing and of USD 151m with China Development Bank 
Financial Leasing. The leasing facilities with BoComm Leasing consist of a USD 52m leasing 
facility expiring in 2025, a USD 7m leasing facility to finance scrubber and ballast water 
treatment systems expiring in 2024 and a leasing facility of USD 100m for financing three LR2 
vessels. Two of the three LR2 vessels were refinanced from the loan facility with China Export-
Import Bank and one of them was acquired by TORM in 2021. Further, TORM has a leasing 
facility with BoComm Leasing of USD 38m for the newbuilding LR2 vessel delivered in 2021 and 
a committed leasing facility to finance the remaining newbuilding on order. As of 31 December 
2021, the scheduled minimum payments on lease agreements in 2022 were USD 37m.  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

125 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 2 - continued 

NOTE 3 – STAFF COSTS 

TORM’s debt facilities include financial covenants related to: 
•  Minimum liquidity (cash and cash equivalents minimum amount requirement at all times) 
•  Minimum security value (loan-to-value for individual borrowings) 
•  Equity ratio (minimum level) 

EMPLOYEE INFORMATION 
The majority of the staff on vessels are not employed by TORM. Staff costs included in 
operating expenses relate to the 106 seafarers employed under Danish contract (2020: 109, 
2019: 108). 

During 2021, 2020 and 2019, TORM did not have any covenant breaches.  

The average number of employees is calculated as a full-time equivalent (FTE). 

The Executive Director is, in the event of termination by the Company, entitled to a severance 
payment of up to 12 months' salary. 

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 
On 05 January 2022, TORM took delivery of the LR2 newbuilding vessel TORM Houston and 
subsequently sold the vessel to new owners in a sale and leaseback financing transaction which 
included purchase options for TORM. 

On 06 January 2022, the MR vessel TORM Astrid was delivered upon completion of a sale and 
leaseback financing transaction which included purchase options for TORM. 

USDm 

Total staff costs 

Staff costs included in operating expenses 

Staff costs included in administrative expenses 

On 15 February 2022, the Handysize vessel TORM Tevere was sold to new owners with expected 
delivery during the first half of 2022. 

Total 

The geopolitical risk increased significantly following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 
2022. The sanctions imposed on Russia by the Western nations increased uncertainty on the 
general energy market, sending the price of crude oil to the highest level since 2014. The initial 
sanctions were not targeting the oil trade, however, the uncertainty and potential for re-routing 
of trade flows sent the crude tanker freight rates in the European markets upwards. Due to the 
continuous development and complexity of the situation, the impact on the tanker markets 
going forward is uncertain. Considering our current customer base, main suppliers and financial 
counterparties as well as covenants in our loan facilities, we do not expect any direct impact on 
our operations although we expect increased volatility in freight rates, bunker cost, foreign 
exchange rates, and vessel values. 

Staff costs comprise the following 

Wages and salaries 

Share-based compensation 

Pension costs 

Other social security costs 

Other staff costs 

Total 

Average number of permanent employees 

Seafarers 

Land-based 

Total 

2021 

2020 

2019 

9.7  

42.4  

 52.1  

9.2  

 41.5  

50.7  

 42.1  

42.3  

2.3  

3.6  

 1.3  

2.8  

 1.7  

3.3  

 1.3  

 2.1  

 8.1  

37.7  

45.8  

37.2  

 1.9  

3.5  

0.9  

2.3  

 52.1  

50.7  

45.8  

  106  

  341  

 447  

  109  

 332  

  441  

  108  

  313  

  421  

The majority of seafarers on vessels are on short-term contracts. The number of seafarers on 
short-term contracts in 2021 was on average 1,449 (2020: 1,474, 2019: 1,510). Total seafarers’ 
costs in 2021 was USD 75.9m (2020: USD 80.5m, 2019: USD 79.5m), which is included in 
“Operating expenses”.   

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

126 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
NOTE 3 - continued 

USD '000 

Non-Executive Board and Committee Remuneration, 

short term 

Christopher H. Boehringer 

David Weinstein 

Göran Trapp 

Torben Janholt 

Annette Justad 

Total 

Executive Management 

Jacob Meldgaard 

2019, TORM A/S¹

2019, TORM plc¹

⁾

2020, TORM A/S¹
⁾

2020, TORM A/S adjustment¹

⁾

2020, TORM plc¹

2021, TORM A/S¹
⁾

2021, TORM plc¹

⁾

¹

 Paid by legal entity as noted.   

⁾

⁾

NOTE 3 - continued 

2021 

2020 

2019 

LTIP element of Jacob Meldgaard's remuneration package 2021: 

 235  

 234  

  176  

- 

  176  

  821  

 256  

 200  

  172  

 89  

  139  

 856  

 252  

  198  

  170  

  170  

- 

 790  

Annual 

perfor-

Taxable 

mance 

Grant Date 

RSU LTIP grant¹

Exercise price per share 

⁾

RSU grant value assuming 100% vesting 

25-Apr-18  18-Mar-21 

  766,035  

  255,200  

DKK 53.7  DKK 53.5 

USD 0.9m  USD 0.6m 

¹

 LTIP award is fixed by the Board of Directors and was communicated via company announcement no. 10 of 25 April 
2018 and announcement no. 7 dated 18 March 2021, therefore there is no minimum or maximum for 2018 and 2021. 

⁾

TORM operates an equity-settled, share-based compensation plan. The fair value of the 
employee services received in exchange for the grant of shares is recognized as expense and 
allocated over the vesting period. Employment in TORM throughout the period is in most cases 
a prerequisite for upholding the full vesting rights in the RSU program. For good leavers subject 
to the Danish Stock Options Act, the RSUs will vest in accordance with the vesting schedule, but 
for all other leavers, all unvested RSU’s shall be immediately forfeited for no consideration. 
Options are granted under the plan for no consideration and carry no dividend or voting rights. 

In accordance with its Remuneration Policy, TORM has granted the CEO a number of Restricted 
Share Units (RSUs), which were communicated in company announcement no. 2 dated 18 
January 2016, company announcement no. 10 dated 25 April 2018, and company announcement 
no. 7 dated 18 March 2021. There are no performance conditions associated with the grant of 
RSUs.  

 962  

 79  

  41  

  1,126  

 2,129  

- 

- 

 1,052  

  41  

 1,262  

- 

 77  

1,161  

 82  

- 

- 

-125  

- 

 44  

 1,161  

- 

- 

 79  

2,355  

-125  

 77  

2,366  

 82  

The original RSUs granted to the CEO in 2016 amounted to 1,276,725 and vested over a five-year 
period, with one fifth of the grant amount vesting at each anniversary during the five-year 
period. The exercise price for the 2016 RSUs was DKK 96.3. As of 01 January 2017, one fifth of 
the original grant, amounting to 255,345, vested with an exercise period ending 31 December 
2017. None of these RSUs were exercised. As of 01 January 2018, one fifth of the original grant, 
amounting to 255,345, vested with an exercise period ending 31 December 2018. None of these 
RSUs were exercised. 

USD '000 

Salary 

benefits 

bonus 

Total 

Executive Management Remuneration 

⁾
As discussed in the 2020 Annual Report, at the time of issue the CEO’s bonus figure had yet to 
be agreed and instead the Annual Report 2020 included an estimate of DKK 8.4m (USD 1.262m), 
equating to 120% of his base salary. After final agreement by the Remuneration Committee, the 
CEO’s bonus figure was set at DKK 7,000 (USD 1,137m), equating to 100% of his base salary. Key 
management personnel consists of the Board of Directors and the Executive Director.  

Senior Management Team 
The aggregated compensation paid by the Group to the three (2020: 3) other members of the 
Senior Management Team in 2021 (excluding Jacob Meldgaard) was USD 2.2m (2020: USD 2.1m 
2019: USD 1.7m), which includes an aggregate of USD 0.1m (2020: USD 0.1m, 2019: USD 0.1m) 
allocated for pensions (defined contribution plans) for these individuals. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

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NOTE 3 - continued 

NOTE 3 - continued 

As detailed in company announcement no. 10 issued on 25 April 2018, the CEO was granted a 
total of 766,035 RSUs with effect as of 01 January 2018, which will vest in equal instalments over 
the next three years. The RSU grant corresponds to the unvested portion (60%) of the CEO’s 
original five-year grant from 2016. It has been agreed that the CEO will not exercise the original 
RSUs. The exercise price for each RSU is DKK 53.7, corresponding to the average price of TORM 
shares during 90 calendar days preceding the approval at TORM plc’s AGM on 12 April 2018 plus 
a 15% premium.  

Vested RSUs may be exercised for a period of 360 days from each vesting date. As of 01 
January 2019, one fifth of the grant, amounting to 255,345, vested with an exercise period 
ending 31 December 2019. These RSUs amounting to one third of the re-grant issued on 25 April 
2018 were exercised. In November 2019, 255,345 RSUs were exercised by Executive Director 
Jacob Meldgaard. The total value of the RSU allocation is calculated based on the Black-Scholes 
model and is included in the overall cost estimate for the Company’s Long-Term Incentive 
Program (LTIP) (cf. company announcements dated 18 January 2016, 8 March 2016 and 25 April 
2018). 

The value of the 2018 grant, USD 0.9m, is estimated taking into account that as part of the grant 
the CEO will not exercise the unvested portion of the 2016 grant. The valuation is based on the 
Black-Scholes model with an exercise price of DKK/share 53.7, a market value of one TORM A-
share of DKK 49.5 (the closing price per A-share at the time of allocation and assuming 100% 
vesting). 

The single figure remuneration table for the CEO does not include any amounts in relation to the 
RSU awards since, as of the date each tranche vested, the Company’s share price was less than 
the exercise price. As detailed in company announcement no. 7 issued on 18 March 2021, the 
CEO was granted a total of 255,200 RSUs with effect as of 01 January 2022, which will vest in 
equal instalments over the next three years. The exercise price for each RSU is DKK 53.5, 
corresponding to the average price of TORM shares in the 90 calendar days preceding the 
publication of TORM plc’s 2020 Annual Report plus a 15% premium. Vested RSUs may be 
exercised for a period of 360 days from each vesting date   

Long-term employee benefit obligations 
The obligation comprises an obligation under the incentive programs to deliver Restricted Share 
Units in TORM plc at a determinable price to the entity's key personnel. The RSUs granted 
entitle the holder to acquire one TORM A-share. 

The program comprises the following number of shares in TORM plc: 

Number of shares (1,000) 

2021 

2020 

2019 

Outstanding as of 1 January 

Granted during the period 

Exercised during the period 

Expired during the period 

Forfeited during the period 

  2,187.5  

 2,228.3  

2,719.1  

1,355.1  

  1,047.4  

 1,001.1  

-409.4  

 -107.7  

-529.4  

-760.3  

-980.5  

-785.3  

- 

- 

 -177.2  

Outstanding as of 31 December 

 2,372.9  

  2,187.5  

 2,228.3  

Exercisable as of 31 December 

- 

- 

- 

In 2019, the Board agreed to grant a total of 1,001,100 RSUs to other management. The vesting 
period of the program is three years for key employees. The exercise price is set to DKK 49.7. 
The exercise period is 12 months after the vesting date. The fair value of the options granted in 
2019 was determined using the Black-Scholes model and is not material. The average remaining 
contractual life for the restricted shares as per 31 December 2019 is 1.5 years. 

In 2020, the Board agreed to grant a total of 1,047,389 RSUs to other management. The vesting 
period of the program is three years for key employees. The exercise price is set to DKK 69.9. 
The exercise period is 12 months after the vesting date. The fair value of the options granted in 
2020 was determined using the Black-Scholes model and is not material. The average remaining 
contractual life for the restricted shares as per 31 December 2020 is 1.5 years. 

In 2021, the Board agreed to grant a total of 1.355,121 RSUs to other management. The vesting 
period of the program is three years for key employees. The exercise price is set to DKK 53.5. 
The exercise period is 12 months after the vesting date. The fair value of the options granted in 
2021 was determined using the Black-Scholes model and is not material. The average remaining 
contractual life for the restricted shares as per 31 December 2021 is 1.5 years. 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
Employee benefits 
Wages, salaries, social security contributions, holiday and sick leave, bonuses and other 
monetary and non-monetary benefits are recognized in the year in which the employees render 
the associated services. Please also refer to the accounting policy for share-based payment. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

128 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 3 - continued 

NOTE 5 – LOAN RECEIVABLES 

Pension plans 
The Group has entered into defined contribution plans only. Pension costs related to defined 
contribution plans are recorded in the income statement in the year to which they relate. 

Share-based payments 
The Group makes equity-settled share-based payments to certain employees, which are 
measured at fair value at the date of grant and expensed on a straight-line basis over the 
vesting period, based on the Group’s estimate of shares which will eventually vest. The fair value 
of the share schemes is calculated using the Black-Scholes model at the grant date. 

NOTE 4 – REMUNERATION TO AUDITORS APPOINTED AT THE PARENT 
COMPANY’S ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING 

USDm 

Loan receivables 

Cost: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Additions during the year 

Balance as of 31 December 

Expected credit loss: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Additions during the year 

USDm 

Audit fees 

2021 

2020 

2019 

Balance as of 31 December 

2021 

2020 

2019 

4.7  

- 

4.7  

 0.1  

- 

 0.1  

4.7  

- 

4.7  

 0.1  

- 

 0.1  

- 

4.7  

4.7  

- 

 0.1  

 0.1  

Fees payable to the Company's auditor for the audit of the 

Carrying amount as of 31 December 

4.6  

4.6  

4.6  

Company's annual accounts 

Audit of the Company's subsidiaries pursuant to legislation 

Total audit fees 

Non-audit fees 

Audit-related services 

Tax services 

Total non-audit fees 

Total 

0.5  

0.3  

0.8  

0.1 

 0.1  

 0.2  

0.4  

0.2  

0.6  

0.0  

 0.1  

 0.1  

0.4  

0.2  

0.6  

 0.1  

- 

 0.1  

1.0  

0.7  

0.7  

These loans were issued as part of sale and lease back transactions in 2019 for two MR vessels. 
The loans will mature in 2026 and have an interest rate applicable, fixed at 1% per annum. 

Expected credit loss is recognized based on the 12-month expected credit losses. 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
Loan receivables 
Loan receivables are initially recognized on the balance sheet as fair value less transaction costs. 
Subsequent to initial recognition, loan receivables are measured at amortized cost. Amortized 
cost is defined as the amount initially recognized reduced by principal repayments and 
allowances for the expected credit loss (ECL). 

Under SEC regulations, the remuneration of the auditor of USD 1.0m (2020: USD 0.7m, 2019: 
USD 0.7m) is required to be presented as follows: Audit USD 0.8m (2020: USD 0.6m, 2019: USD 
0.6m), Audit-related USD 0.1m (2019: other audit related services USD 0.1m) and tax services 
USD 0.1m (2020: tax related services USD 0.1m). 

EY was appointed as the Group’s auditors for the year ended 31. December 2020. Accordingly, 
comparative figures in the table above for the year ended 31 December 2019 is in respect of 
remuneration paid to the Group’s previous auditor, Deloitte. 

Our Audit Committee pre-approves all audit, audit-related and non-audit services not prohibited 
by law to be performed by our independent auditors and associated fees prior to the 
engagement of the independent auditor with respect to such services.  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

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NOTE 6 – TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS 

NOTE 6 - continued 

USDm 

Land and buildings 

Cost: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Exchange rate adjustment 

Additions 

Disposals 

Balance as of 31 December 

Depreciation: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Disposals 

Depreciation for the year 

Balance as of 31 December 

2021 

2020 

2019 

USDm 

2021 

2020 

2019 

  11.7  

 10.4  

 -0.1  

 0.1  

-0.8  

- 

 1.3  

- 

9.9  

- 

0.5  

- 

Vessels and capitalized dry-docking 

Cost: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Additions 

Disposals 

Transferred from prepayments 

 10.9  

  11.7  

 10.4  

Transferred to assets held for sale 

2,160.1  

 2,064.2  

  1,886.3  

290.3  

 102.5  

-40.9  

-29.8  

 81.3  

-25.6  

78.6  

  148.1  

252.3  

-44.8  

 -124.9  

  -130.1  

Balance as of 31 December 

 2,443.3  

2,160.1  

 2,064.2  

4.6  

-0.8  

2.3  

 6.1  

2.3  

- 

2.3  

4.6  

- 

- 

2.3  

2.3  

Depreciation: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Disposals 

Depreciation for the year 

Carrying amount as of 31 December 

4.8  

 7.1  

 8.1  

Transferred to assets held for sale 

Balance as of 31 December 

Impairment: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Impairment losses on tangible fixed assets 

Reversal of impairment ¹

Transferred to assets held for sale 

⁾

Balance as of 31 December 

406.2  

-40.9  

360.6  

-29.8  

327.6  

-25.6  

 126.2  

  118.4  

 106.5  

 -16.5  

-43.0  

-47.9  

475.0  

406.2  

360.6  

 31.4  

4.6  

- 

-5.5  

30.5  

28.8  

11.1  

  162.1  

6.0  

- 

 -120.0  

-8.5  

 -19.3  

 31.4  

28.8  

Carrying amount as of 31 December 

  1,937.8  

  1,722.5  

  1,674.8  

¹

 For additional information regarding impairment considerations, please refer to Note 8. 

⁾
Included in the carrying amount for “Vessels and capitalized dry-docking” are capitalized dry-
docking costs in the amount of USD 65.9m (2020: USD 66.1m, 2019: USD 60.7m). 

Included in the carrying amount of “Vessels and capitalized drydocking” are vessels on short 
term time charter leases (as lessor) in the amount of USD 247.6m (2020: 201.1m, 2019: 75.9m). 
Please refer to Note 19 for expected redelivery of the vessels. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

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NOTE 6 - continued 

USDm 

Prepayments on vessels 

Cost: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Additions 

Transferred to vessels 

Balance as of 31 December 

2021 

2020 

2019 

 12.0  

78.6  

95.0  

45.5  

 65.1  

 301.8  

-78.6  

  -148.1  

-252.3  

 12.0  

 12.0  

95.0  

Carrying amount as of 31 December 

 12.0  

 12.0  

95.0  

During the year borrowing costs of USD 0.6m (2020: 0.0m, 2019: 0.0m) have been capitalized. 
The capitalization rate was 3.7% (2020: 0.0%, 2019: 0.0%) 

NOTE 6 - continued 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
Vessels 
Vessels consist of owned vessels and leased vessels. The accounting policy for leased vessels is 
specified under “Leases”. Owned vessels are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation 
and accumulated impairment losses. Cost comprises acquisition cost and costs directly related 
to the acquisition up until the time when the asset is ready for use, including interest expenses 
incurred during the period of construction. All major components of vessels (scrubbers, etc.) 
except for dry-docking costs are depreciated on a straight-line basis to the estimated residual 
value over their estimated useful life, which TORM estimates to be 25 years. TORM considers 
that a 25-year depreciable life is appropriate and consistent with what is used by other 
shipowners with comparable tonnage. Depreciation is based on cost less the estimated residual 
value. Residual value is estimated as the lightweight tonnage of each vessel multiplied by scrap 
value per ton. The useful life and the residual value of the vessels are reviewed at least at each 
financial year-end based on market conditions, regulatory requirements, and TORM’s business 
plans. 

USDm 

2021 

2020 

2019 

Other plant and operating equipment 

TORM also evaluates the carrying amounts to determine if events have occurred which indicate 
impairment and would require a modification of the carrying amounts at the reporting date. 
Prepayment on vessels is measured at costs incurred. 

Cost: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Exchange rate adjustment 

Additions 

Disposals 

Balance as of 31 December 

Depreciation: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Exchange rate adjustment 

Disposals 

Depreciation for the year 

Balance as of 31 December 

Carrying amount as of 31 December 

7.6  

 -0.1  

 1.9  

 -0.1  

9.3  

0.8  

 -0.1  

 -0.1  

2.4  

3.0  

6.3  

 8.1  

- 

3.8  

-4.3  

7.6  

3.8  

- 

-4.2  

 1.2  

0.8  

6.8  

 6.1  

- 

2.2  

-0.2  

 8.1  

2.8  

- 

- 

 1.0  

3.8  

4.3  

For information on assets provided as collateral security, please refer to Note 17. Please refer to 
Note 8 for information on impairment testing. 

The depreciation expense related to “Other plant and operating equipment” of USD 2.4m relates 
to “Administrative expense” (2020: USD 1.2m, 2019: USD 1.0m). Depreciation and impairment 
losses on tangible fixed assets on “Vessels and capitalized dry-docking” relate to operating 
expenses. 

Dry-docking 
Approximately every 24 and 60 months, depending on the nature of work and external 
requirements, the vessels are required to undergo planned dry-dockings for replacement of 
certain components, major repairs and major maintenance of other components, which cannot 
be carried out while the vessels are operating. These dry-docking costs are capitalized and 
depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated period until the next dry-docking. The 
residual value of such components is estimated at nil. The useful life of the dry-docking costs is 
reviewed at least at each financial year-end based on market conditions, regulatory 
requirements, and TORM’s business plans. A portion of the cost of acquiring a new vessel is 
allocated to the components expected to be replaced or refurbished at the next dry-docking. 
Depreciation thereof is carried over the period until the next dry-docking. For newbuildings, the 
initial dry-docking asset is estimated based on the expected costs related to the first-coming 
dry-docking, which again is based on experience and past history of similar vessels. For second-
hand vessels, a dry-docking asset is also segregated and capitalized separately, taking into 
account the normal docking intervals of the vessels. 

At subsequent dry-dockings, the costs comprise the actual costs incurred at the dry-docking 
yard. Dry-docking costs may include the cost of hiring crews to carry out replacements and 
repairs, the cost of parts and materials used, the cost of travel, lodging and supervision of 
Company personnel as well as the cost of hiring third-party personnel to oversee a dry-docking. 
Dry-docking activities include, but are not limited to, the inspection, service on turbocharger, 
replacement of shaft seals, service on boiler, replacement of hull anodes, applying of anti-fouling 
and hull paint, steel repairs as well as refurbishment and replacement of other parts of the 
vessel. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

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NOTE 6 - continued 

NOTE 7 – LEASING 

Prepayments on vessels 
Prepayments consist of prepayments related to newbuilding contracts for vessels not yet 
delivered and include the share of borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition of the 
underlying vessel. When a vessel is delivered, the prepaid amount is reallocated to the financial 
statement line “Vessels and capitalized dry-docking”. 

TORM  leases  office  buildings,  some  vehicles,  and  other  administrative  equipment.  With  the 
exception  of  short-term  leases  and  leases  of  low-value  assets,  each  lease  is  reflected  on  the 
balance sheet as a right-of-use asset with a corresponding lease liability. The right-of-use assets 
are  included  in  the  financial  statement  line  item  in  which  the  corresponding  underlying  assets 
would be presented if they were owned. Please refer to Note 6. 

As of 31 December 2021, TORM had recognized the following right-of-use assets: 

Land and buildings and other plant and operating equipment 
Land and buildings and other plant and operating equipment consist of leaseholds regarding 
office buildings, leasehold improvements, company cars, IT equipment and software and is 
measured at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any impairment loss. Any 
subsequent cost is included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset 
only when it is probable that future economic benefits are associated with the item and the cost 
of the item can be measured reliably. Depreciation is based on the straight-line method over the 
estimated useful life of the assets. The current estimates are: 

•  Land and buildings  

•  Office buildings: Over the shorter of the remaining leasing term and the estimated useful 

life 

•  Leasehold improvements: Over the shorter of the remaining leasing term and the 

estimated useful life 

•  Other plant and operating equipment 

IT equipment: 3–5 years 

•  Company cars: Over the lease term, typically 3 years 
• 
•  Software: 3–5 years 
•  Other equipment 3–5 years 

USDm 

Cost: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Exchange rate adjustments 

Additions 

Disposals 

Balance as of 31 December 

Depreciation: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Disposals 

Depreciation for the year 

Balance as of 31 December 

The depreciation commences when the asset is available for use, i.e., when it is in the location 
and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by 
Management. For a right-of-use asset, depreciation commences at the commencement date of 
the lease.  

Carrying amount as of 31 December 

Assets held for sale 
Assets are classified as held-for-sale if the carrying amount will be recovered principally through 
a sales transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only 
when the asset is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject to terms which are 
usual and customary for sales of such assets, and when its sale is highly probable. Management 
must be committed to the sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a 
completed sale within one year from the date of classification.  

Assets held for sale mainly refer to vessels being sold and are measured at the lower of their 
previous carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. Gains are recognized on delivery to 
the new owners in the income statement in the item “Profit from sale of vessels”. Anticipated 
losses are recognized at the time when the asset is classified as held-for-sale in the item 
“Impairment losses on tangible and intangible assets”. 

Other plant 

Land and 

and operating 

buildings 

equipment 

11.7  

-0.1  

  0.1  

  -0.8  

  10.9  

 4.6  

  -0.8  

 2.3  

  6.1  

 4.8  

 0.6  

 - 

 0.2  

-0.1  

 0.7  

 0.4  

-0.1  

 0.2  

 0.5  

 0.2  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

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NOTE 7 - continued  

NOTE 7 - continued 

USDm 

Cost: 

Balance as of 1 January 2020 

Additions 

Disposals 

Balance as of 31 December 2020 

Depreciation: 

Balance as of 1 January 2019 

Disposals 

Depreciation for the year 

Balance as of 31 December 2020 

Carrying amount as of 31 December 2020 

Vessels and 

Other plant 

and 

capitalized 

Land and 

operating 

dry-docking 

buildings 

equipment 

USDm 

Vessels and 

Other plant 

and 

capitalized 

Land and 

operating 

dry-docking 

buildings 

equipment 

  42.4  

  -42.4  

  - 

15.5  

 -17.1  

1.6  

  - 

  - 

10.4  

1.3  

  -0.0  

 11.7  

  2.3  

  - 

  2.3  

  4.6  

  7.1  

Cost: 

  0.6  

Balance as of 1 January 2019 

  0.0  

Additions 

  -0.0  

Disposals 

  0.6  

Balance as of 31 December 2019 

Depreciation: 

  0.2  

Balance as of 1 January 2019 

  0.0  

Disposals 

  0.2  

Depreciation for the year 

  0.4  

Balance as of 31 December 2019 

  0.2  

Carrying amount as of 31 December 2019 

  43.3  

1.8   

  -2.7  

  42.4 

13.4  

 -2.7  

4.8  

 15.5 

  26.9 

9.9  

0.5  

  -  

 10.4 

-  

  - 

  2.3  

  2.3  

  8.1  

0.3   

  0.4  

  -0.1  

  0.6  

  -  

  -  

  0.2  

  0.2  

  0.4  

The sale and leaseback transactions relating to vessels were all classified as financing 
arrangements prior to implementation of IFRS 16 and did not result in derecognition of the 
underlying assets as control was retained by the Group. During 2020, the vessels were disposed. 

The table below describes the nature of the Group’s leasing activities by type of right-of-use asset 
recognized on the balance sheet as of 31 December 2021: 

No. of right-of-use assets leased 

Range of remaining term 

Average remaining lease term 

No. of leases with extension options 

No. of leases with options to purchase 

No. of leases with termination options 

Other plant 

Land and 

and operating 

buildings 

equipment 

 12  

 14  

 0-6 years  

 0-3 years  

 1.6 years  

 1.4 years  

7  

 - 

7  

 13  

 - 

 14  

Lease liabilities regarding right-of-use assets are included on the balance sheet under 
“Borrowings”.  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

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NOTE 7 - continued 

NOTE 7 - continued 

USDm 

2021 

2020 

2019 

Maturity analysis - contractual undiscounted 

cash flow 

Less than one year 

One to five years  

More than five years 

 2.8  

 3.0  

  0.1  

 2.8  

 5.9  

  0.1  

 7.5  

 27.6  

  0.1  

Total undiscounted lease liabilities as of 31 

December 

 5.9  

 8.8  

 35.2  

Lease liabilities included under “Borrowings” 

as of 31 December 

Non-current 

Current 

 5.6  

 3.7  

  1.9  

 8.3  

 6.2  

  2.1  

 30.6  

  10.2  

 20.4  

Extension and termination options are included in several leases in order to optimize operational 
flexibility in terms of managing contracts. The lease term determined by TORM is the non-
cancellable period of a lease, together with any extension/termination options if these are/are 
not reasonably certain to be exercised.  

Lease payments not recognized as a liability 
TORM has elected not to recognize a lease liability for short-term leases (leases of an expected 
term of 12 months or less) or for leases of low value assets. Payments made under such leases 
are expensed on a straight-line basis. The expenses relating to payments not recognized as a 
lease liability are insignificant. 

Cash outflow for leases 
The total cash outflow for leases amounts to USD 2.8m (2020: 2.3m, 2019: 2.9m). 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
TORM assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease at inception of the contract and 
recognizes right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities at the lease commencement 
date, except for short-term leases and leases of low value. For these leases, TORM recognizes 
the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.  

Agreements to charter in vessels and to lease land and buildings and other plant and operating 
equipment for which TORM substantially has the control are recognized on the balance sheet as 
right-of-use assets and initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease 
liabilities adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date. 
Subsequently the right-of-use assets are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and 
impairment losses. The right-of-use assets are depreciated and written down under the same 
accounting policy as the assets owned by the Company or over the lease period depending on 
the lease terms. 

The corresponding lease obligation is recognized as a liability in the balance sheet under 
“Borrowings” and initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid 
at the commencement date, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at the lease 
commencement date because the interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. 
Subsequently lease liabilities are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest 
method, where the lease liabilities are remeasured when there is a change in future lease 
payments.  

Leases to charter out vessels are classified as operating leases as the leases are short term in 
nature and usually less than one year. Chartered out vessels are presented as part of Vessels 
and capitalized dry-docking. Please refer to Note 6. The lease income is recognized in the 
income statement on a straight-line basis over the lease term. 

Following a sale transaction, for agreements to immediately charter-in the related vessels (sale 
and leaseback) but for which TORM maintains substantially all the risks and rewards incidental 
to economic ownership including repurchase options at lower value that the initial sales price, 
the proceeds received are presented as a financial liability in “Borrowings”. No gain or loss is 
recorded, and the asset remains recognized on the balance sheet. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

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NOTE 8 – IMPAIRMENT TESTING 

NOTE 8 - continued  

As of 31 December 2021 and 2020, Management tested the carrying amount of its fleet for 
impairment within CGUs, being the Main Fleet and the two handysize vessels. Each CGU sits 
within a single reportable segment – the Tanker Segment 
of vessels: 

 and comprises the following groups 

–

Main Fleet: Comprising TORM’s LR1/LR2 and MR vessels, the Main Fleet is operated collectively 
as a combined internal pool, employed principally in the spot market and actively managed to 
meet the needs of our customers in that market, particularly regarding the location of vessels 
meeting required specifications. All vessels in the Main Fleet are able to handle multiple sizes of 
refined oil cargoes and sail all seas and oceans, over both shorter and long distances. Given the 
technical specifications and capacity of vessels, the Main Fleet is relatively homogenous with a 
very high degree of interoperability. The main fleet includes the 2021 acquired MR vessels with 
chemical trading capability, which are operated as all other product tanker vessels. 

Handysize: Comprising two product tankers with a cargo carrying capacity of 35,000–37,000 
dwt, these smaller vessels are typically used in shorter and coastal trade routes, including for 
transportation of various clean petroleum products within Europe and in the Mediterranean. 

In both years, the recoverable amount of the CGUs was based on their value in use. The results 
of impairment testing are summarized as follows: 

Impairment 
losses and 
(reversals) 
2021 
USDm 
- 
- 
- 

2020 
USDm 
- 
5.5 
5.5 

Discount rate 
applied 

Recoverable 
amount 

2021 
% 
6.7 
6.7 

2020 
% 
7.0 
7.0 

2021 
USDm 
2,276 
26 
2,302 

2020 
USDm 
1,747 
27 
1,774 

Excess values 
(value in use over 
carrying amount) 
2020 
USDm 
8 
0 
8 

2021 
USDm 
269 
0 
269 

CGU 
Main Fleet 
Handysize 
Total 

Based on this review, Management concluded that as of 31 December 2021 
• Assets within the Main Fleet were not impaired as the value in use was higher than the 

carrying amount 

• The two handysize vessels were not impaired as the value in use was in line with the carrying 

amount on a vessel-by-vessel basis 

Impairments recognized during 2021 of USD 4.6m (2020: USD 5.6m) as set out in Note 6 relate 
to the disposal of individual vessels during the year. 

The impairment test is sensitive to reasonably possible changes in key assumptions. These 
sensitivities are set out on the next page.  

KEY ASSUMPTIONS USED IN THE DETERMINATION OF VALUE IN USE 
The assessment of the value in use of each CGU was based on the net present value of the 
expected future cash flows. The freight rate estimates in the period 2022-2024 are based on 
TORM’s business plans. Beyond 2024, the freight rates are based on TORM’s 10-year historical 
average rates, adjusted for expected inflation of 2% in line with US Federal Reserve and ECB 
target over the medium term. TORM believes that the approach used for long-term rates 
appropriately reflects the cyclical nature of the shipping industry and is the most reliable 
estimate for periods beyond those included in its three-year business plan.  

TORM’s business plans for 2022-2024 and beyond also include the anticipated benefit arising 
from the installation of scrubbers on certain of the Group’s vessels (the “scrubber premium”), 
based on current market differentials between the cost of heavy and low sulphur fuel oil. 

As part of determining fair value, the impact from climate changes and the climate agenda on 
the global oil demand, emission regulations and operating expenses, etc., have been considered 
with focus on the short to medium term implications and our commitment to reduce CO2 
emissions by 40% by 2025 and 45% by 2030. However, no adverse impact from climate 
changes have been anticipated in impairment testing our current fleet. We continue to monitor 
the development closely and are working on more specific plans for our ambition to have zero 
CO2 emissions from operating our fleet by 2050, which may impact our impairment testing in 
the future. 

The discount rate used in the value in use calculation is based on a Weighted Average Cost of 
Capital (WACC) of 6.7% as of 31 December 2021 (2020: 7.0%, 2019: 7.5%). WACC is calculated 
by using a standard WACC model in which cost of equity, cost of debt and capital structure are 
the key parameters. 

As of 31 December 2021, the 10-year historical average spot freight rates used in the value in use 
calculation are as follows: 

•  LR2: USD/day 19,111 (2020: USD/day 18,884, 2019: USD/day 17,986) 
•  LR1: USD/day 17,856 (2020: USD/day 17,443, 2019: USD/day 17,060) 
•  MR: USD/day 16,044 (2020: USD/day 16,076, 2019: USD/day 15,802) 
•  Handysize: USD/day 13,208 (2020: USD/day 13,435, 2019: USD/day 13,601) 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

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NOTE 8 - continued  

NOTE 8 - continued  

Operating expenses and administrative expenses are estimated based on TORM's business plans 
for the period 2022-2024. Beyond 2024, operating expenses are adjusted for 2% inflation (2020: 
2%) and administrative expenses are adjusted for 2% inflation (2020: 2%) in line with US Federal 
Reserve and ECB target over the medium term. 

The product tankers are expected to generate normal income for 25 years from delivery from 
the shipyard. Given the current age profile of the tanker fleet, the average remaining life would 
be approximately 14 years (2020: approximately 15 years). The estimated residual value of the 
vessels is based on TORM’s green recycling policy. 

The impairment test is sensitive to reasonably possible changes in the key assumptions, which 
may result in future impairments. These are related to the future development in freight rates, 
the WACC applied as discounting factor in the calculations, and the development in operating 
expenses. All other things being equal, the sensitivities to the value in use have been assessed as 
follows: 

•  An increase/decrease in the tanker freight rates of USD/day 1,000 would result in an 

increase/decrease in the value in use of USD 285m and USD 6m for the Main Fleet and the 
two handysize vessels, respectively 

•  An increase/decrease in WACC of 1.0% would result in an increase/decrease in the value in 

use of approx. USD 148-167m and USD 2m for the Main Fleet and the two handysize vessels, 
respectively 

•  An increase/decrease in operating expenses of 10.0% would result in a decrease/increase in 
the value in use of USD 201m and USD 4m for the Main Fleet and the two handysize vessels, 
respectively 

As outlined above, the impairment test has been prepared on the basis that the Company will 
continue to operate its vessels as a fleet in the current set-up.  

The fair value based on broker values for vessels in the Main Fleet including the order book and 
chartered-in vessels was USD 1,892m (2020: USD 1,577m), which is USD 72m below the carrying 
amount (2020: which was USD 245m below the carrying amount). The fair value based on 
broker values for the Handy vessels was 21m (2020: USD 22m), which is USD 3m below the 
carrying amount (2020: which was USD 10m below the carrying amount). 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
Impairment of assets 
Non-current assets are reviewed at the reporting date to determine any indication of 
impairment including a significant decline in either the assets’ market value, increase to market 
rates of return or in the cash flows expected to be generated by the fleet. If impairment 
indicator(s) exists, an impairment test on a cash-generating unit (CGU) level will be performed. 
A cash-generating unit is determined as the smallest group of assets that generates 
independent cash inflows. An asset/CGU is impaired if the recoverable amount is below the 
carrying amount.  

The recoverable amount of the CGU is estimated as the higher of fair value less costs of disposal 
and value in use. The value in use is the present value of the future cash flows expected to be 
derived from a cash generating unit (CGU), utilizing a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current 
market estimates of the time value of money and the risks specific to the unit for which the 
estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted. If the recoverable amount is less than the 
carrying amount of the cash generating unit, the carrying amount is reduced to the recoverable 
amount. 

The impairment loss is recognized immediately in the income statement. Where an impairment 
loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the cash generating unit is increased to the 
revised estimate of the recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not 
exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, had no impairment loss been 
recognized in prior years.  

The Management in TORM has assessed that TORM has three CGUs, being the Main Fleet and 
the two handysize vessels. 

For the purpose of assessing impairment, assets and time charter and bareboat contracts are 
grouped at the lowest levels at which impairment is monitored for internal management 
purposes.  

NOTE 9 – NON-CURRENT ASSETS 

The Company’s non-current assets are domiciled in the following countries: 

USDm 

UK 

Denmark 

Singapore 

Other 

Not allocated 

Non-current assets 

2021 

2020 

  4.7  

  4.7  

 1,442.9  

 1,199.9  

516.7  

  2.7  

  0.7  

546.3  

  3.7  

  0.4  

 1,967.7  

 1,755.0  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

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NOTE 10 – FINANCIAL ITEMS 

NOTE 10 - continued 

USDm 

Financial income 

2021 

2020 

2019 

Interest income from cash and cash equivalents, including 

restricted cash ¹

0.2  

0.5  

2.5  

Financial expenses 
Financial expenses comprise interest expenses, financing costs of leases liabilities, realized and 
unrealized exchange rate losses relating to transactions in currencies other than the functional 
currency, realized losses from other equity investments and securities, unrealized losses from 
securities and other financial expenses including payments under interest rate hedge 
instruments. Interest is recognized in accordance with the accrual basis of accounting taking 
into account the effective interest rate. 

Exchange rate adjustments, including gain from forward 

⁾

exchange rate contracts 

Total 

Financial expenses 

- 

0.2  

- 

0.5  

0.3  

2.8  

NOTE 11 – FREIGHT RECEIVABLES 

USDm 

2021 

2020 

2019 

Interest expenses on borrowings ¹

40.0  

45.6  

36.9  

Analysis as of 31 December of freight receivables:  

Financial expenses arising from lease liabilities regarding 

⁾

right-of-use assets 

0.3  

 1.5  

2.4  

Exchange rate adjustments, including loss from forward 

exchange rate contracts  

Commitment fee 

Amortization of interest rate swaps 

Ineffectiveness on interest rate swaps 

Other financial expenses 

Total 

0.5  

  1.1  

 1.4  

 -1.2  

0.3  

42.4  

 1.0  

 1.5  

- 

- 

0.3  

49.9  

0.2  

 1.9  

- 

- 

0.5  

 41.9  

Gross freight receivables: 

Not due 

Due < 30 days  

Due between 30 and 180 days  

Due > 180 days 

Total gross 

Allowance for expected credit loss 

Total net 

43.4  

 17.9  

23.2  

2.6  

 87.1  

 3.1  

84.0  

 17.9  

 10.8  

23.7  

 12.0  

64.4  

5.8  

58.6  

39.8  

22.5  

25.3  

6.0  

93.6  

3.7  

89.9  

Total financial items 

-42.2  

-49.4  

 -39.1  

¹

 Interest for financial assets and liabilities not at fair value through profit and loss. 

⁾
ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
Financial income 
Financial income comprises interest income, realized and unrealized exchange rate gains 
relating to transactions in currencies other than the functional currency, realized gains from 
other equity investments and securities, unrealized gains from securities, dividends received and 
other financial income. Interest is recognized in accordance with the accrual basis of accounting 
taking into account the effective interest rate. Dividends from other investments are recognized 
when the right to receive payment has been decided, which is typically when the dividend has 
been declared and can be received without conditions. 

Management makes allowance for expected credit loss based on the simplified approach to 
provide for expected credit losses, which permits the use of the lifetime expected loss provision 
for all trade receivables. Expected credit loss for receivables overdue more than 180 days is 
25%-100%, depending on the category of the receivable. Expected credit loss for receivables 
overdue more than one year is 100%. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

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NOTE 11 - continued 

NOTE 12 – OTHER RECEIVABLES 

Movements in provisions for impairment of freight receivables during the year are as follows: 

USDm 

USDm 

2021 

2020 

2019 

Allowance for expected credit loss 

Balance as of 1 January 

Adjustment to prior years 

Provisions for the year 

Provisions reversed during the year 

Balance as of 31 December 

5.8  

- 

0.7  

-3.4  

 3.1  

3.7  

- 

 3.1  

 -1.0  

5.8  

 1.7  

 1.5  

2.4  

 -1.9  

3.7  

Allowance for expected credit loss of freight receivables has been recognized in the income 
statement under “Port expenses, bunkers and commissions”. 

Allowance for expected credit loss of freight receivables is calculated using an ageing factor as 
well as specific customer knowledge and is based on a provision matrix on days past due. 

USDm 

All allowance for expected credit loss relates to receivables due > 180 days. 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
Receivables 
Outstanding freight receivables and other receivables which are expected to be realized within 
12 months from the balance sheet date are classified as “Freight receivables” or “Other 
receivables” and presented as current assets. 

Receivables are at initial recognition measured at their transaction price less allowance for 
expected credit losses over the lifetime of the receivable and are subsequently measured at 
amortized cost adjusted for changes in expected credit losses. Derivative financial instruments 
included in other receivables are measured at fair value. 

Expected credit losses 
Expected credit losses at initial recognition are determined using an ageing factor as well as a 
specific customer knowledge, such as customers’ ability to pay, considering historical 
information about payment patterns, credit risks, customer concentrations, customer 
creditworthiness as well as prevailing economic conditions. The estimates are updated 
subsequently, and if the debtor’s ability to pay is becoming doubtful, expected credit losses are 
calculated on an individual basis. When there are no reasonable expectations of recovering the 
carrying amount, the receivable is written off in part or entirely. 

Partners and commercial managements 

Derivative financial instruments 

Escrow accounts 

Other 

Balance as of 31 December 

2021 

2020 

2019 

- 

8.3  

27.4  

4.3  

40.0  

- 

4.5  

 14.9  

5.5  

24.9  

 1.9  

0.5  

- 

3.8  

  6.2  

No significant other receivables are past due or credit impaired.  

The carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of fair value due to the short-term nature of 
the receivables. Please refer to Note 22 for further information on fair value hierarchies. 

NOTE 13 – TAX 

Tax for the year 

Current tax for the year 

Adjustments related to previous years 

Adjustment of deferred tax 

Income tax charge for the year 

Tonnage tax charge for the year 

Total 

2021 

2020 

2019 

0.6  

 -0.1  

 -0.1  

0.4  

0.9  

 1.3  

0.4  

 0.1  

- 

0.5  

0.9  

 1.4  

0.9  

-0.4  

- 

0.5  

0.3  

0.8  

The majority of the Group's taxable income is located in Denmark, and therefore the majority of 
the tax base is subject to Danish tax legislation. As such, the Group has elected to participate in 
the Danish tonnage tax scheme; the participation is binding until 31 December 2024. 

The Group expects to participate in the tonnage tax scheme after the binding period and, as a 
minimum, to maintain an investing and activity level equivalent to that at the time of entering 
the tonnage tax scheme. 

Under the Danish tonnage tax scheme, income and expenses from shipping activities are not 
subject to direct taxation, and accordingly, an effective rate reconciliation has not been 
provided, as it would not provide any meaningful information. Instead, the taxable income is 
calculated from: 

•  The net tonnage of the vessels used to generate the income from shipping activities 
•  A rate applicable to the specific net tonnage of the vessel based on a sliding scale 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

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NOTE 13 - continued 

NOTE 13 - continued 

Corporate income tax is primarily levied on the Group’s non-vessel related activities outside 
Denmark. The effective tax rate of the Group is 3.3% (2020: 1.6%, 2019: 0.5%). No deferred tax is 
recognized related to assets and liabilities, including vessels, which are subject to tonnage 
taxation. Deferred tax in relation to entities outside the tonnage tax regime amounts to USD 
0.7m. 

USDm 

2021 

2020 

2019 

Non-current tax liability related to held over gains 

Balance as of 31 December 

45.2  

44.9  

44.9  

The non-current tax liability related to held over gains is the undiscounted income tax payable 
calculated on the realized gain on sale of vessels which came from corporate income taxation 
into the Danish tonnage tax scheme upon initial application in 2001 (the held over gain reflected 
in the transition account under the Danish tonnage tax scheme). This tax liability will become 
payable, in part or in full, if the Danish owned fleet of vessels is significantly or fully disposed of, 
or if operated to end of useful life and sold for scrap.  

If TORM discontinues its participation in the Danish tonnage tax scheme, a deferred tax liability 
would arise in relation to the vessels held by the Group and taken out of the tonnage tax 
scheme. Management considers this to be a remote scenario. 

Income tax balances 
The expected income tax payable on the taxable profits for the year is classified as current tax 
in the balance sheet. Income taxes expected to fall due after more than one year are classified 
as non-current liabilities or assets in the balance sheet. Income tax is measured using tax rates 
enacted or substantially enacted at the balance sheet date and includes any adjustment to tax 
payable in respect of previous years. Current and non-current income tax balances are not 
discounted. 

NOTE 14 – COMMON SHARES AND TREASURY SHARES 

Common shares 

2021 

2020 

2019 

A-shares 

B-shares 

C-shares 

Total 

Nominal 

value per 

Number of 

Number of 

Number of 

share (USD) 

shares 

shares 

shares 

  0.01  

 81,233,269  

74,855,929  

74,748,248  

  0.01  

  0.01  

 1  

 1  

 1  

 1  

 1  

 1  

  81,233,271  

 74,855,931  

74,748,250  

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
Tax 
Tax expenses comprise the expected income tax charge for the year in accordance with IAS 12 
as well as tonnage tax related to the Group’s vessels for the year. The income tax charge for the 
year includes adjustments relating to previous years and the change in deferred tax for the year. 
However, income tax relating to items in other comprehensive income is recognized directly in 
the statement of other comprehensive income. 

Deferred tax 
Deferred tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of 
assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax 
purposes. Deferred tax is calculated at the income tax rates which are expected to apply in the 
period when the liability is settled or the asset is realized, based on the laws which have been 
enacted or substantially enacted at the balance sheet date. The deferred tax is charged through 
the income statement except when it relates to other comprehensive income items. No deferred 
tax is recognized related to assets and liabilities, including vessels, which are subject to tonnage 
tax. 

During the year, the share capital was increased by 6,377,340 A-shares with a nominal value of 
USD 64k. The total amount including share premium amounted to USD 57.9m. USD 55.0m was a 
non-cash increase in conjunction with the acquisition of the eight Team Tanker vessels, and USD 
2.9m was contributed in cash in connection with exercise of Restricted Share Units. 

The A-shares are listed on Nasdaq in Copenhagen and Nasdaq in New York and are publicly 
available for trading. Each A-share carries one vote at the Annual General Meeting and gives the 
shareholders right to dividends, liquidation proceeds, or other distributions. The A-shares carry 
no other rights or obligations. 

The B-share has one vote at the Annual General Meeting, has no pre-emption rights in relation 
to any issue of new shares of other classes, and carries no right to receive dividends, liquidation 
proceeds, or other distributions from TORM. The holder of the B-share has the right to elect one 
member to the Board of Directors (being the Deputy Chairman), up to three alternates as well 
as one Board Observer. The B-share cannot be transferred or pledged, except for a transfer to a 
replacement trustee. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

139 

 
  
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
NOTE 14 - continued 

The C-share represents 350,000,000 votes at the Annual General Meeting in respect of certain 
Specified Matters, including election of members to the Board of Directors (including the 
Chairman, but excluding the Deputy Chairman) and certain amendments to the Articles of 
Association proposed by the Board of Directors. The C-share has no pre-emption rights in 
relation to any issue of new shares of other classes and carries no right to receive dividends, 
liquidation proceeds or other distributions from TORM. The C-share cannot be transferred or 
pledged, except to an affiliate of Njord Luxco. 

The B-share and the C-share are redeemable by TORM in the event that (i) TORM has received 
written notification from Njord Luxco (or its affiliates) that Njord Luxco and its affiliates (as 
defined in the Articles of Association) hold less than 1/3 in aggregate of TORM’s issued and 
outstanding shares, (ii) five business days have elapsed from the Board of Directors’ receipt of 
such written notice either without any Board member disputing such notice or with at least 2/3 
of the Board members confirming such notice, and (iii) both of the B-share and the C-share are 
redeemed at the same time. 

Restricted Share Units 
Key management participates in an LTIP program, which gives the right to buy TORM shares at 
a predefined share price. Please refer to Note 3. 

Treasury shares 

Number of shares ('000) 

Balance as of 1 January 

Additions 

Cancellations 

Disposals 

2021 

2020 

2019 

493.4  

 312.9  

 312.9  

- 

- 

- 

 180.5  

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Balance as of 31 December 

493.4  

493.4  

 312.9  

NOTE 14 - continued 

Treasury shares - continued 

Percentage of share capital 

Balance as of 1 January 

Additions 

Cancellations 

Disposals 

Dilution, due to capital increases 

Balance as of 31 December 

2021 

2020 

2019 

0.7% 

- 

- 

- 

-0.1% 

0.6% 

0.4% 

0.2% 

- 

- 

0.1% 

0.7% 

0.4% 

- 

- 

- 

0.0% 

0.4% 

The total consideration during the year for the treasury shares was USD 0.0m (2020: USD 1.4m, 
2019: USD 0.0m). As of 31 December 2021, the Company's holding of treasury shares 
represented 493,371 shares (2020: 493,371 shares, 2019: 312,871 shares) of USD 0.01 each at a 
total nominal value of USD 0.0m (2020: USD 0.0m, 2019: USD 0.0m) and a market value of USD 
3.9m (2020: USD 3.7m, 2019: USD 3.5m). 

NOTE 15 – OTHER LIABILITIES 
USDm 

Accrued operating expenses 

Accrued interest 

Wages and social expenses 

Derivative financial instruments 

Other 

Balance as of 31 December 

2021 

  11.8  

2.3  

  15.1  

  11.3  

3.2  

43.7  

2020 

 14.3  

 3.1  

 16.4  

24.7  

0.9  

59.4  

2021 

2020 

2019 

The carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of fair value due to the short-term nature of 
the payable. Please refer to Note 22 for further information on fair value hierarchies. 

Nominal value USD '000 

Balance as of 1 January 

Additions 

Cancellations 

Disposals 

4.9  

- 

- 

- 

 3.1  

 1.8  

- 

- 

 3.1  

- 

- 

- 

Balance as of 31 December 

4.9  

4.9  

 3.1  

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
Other liabilities are generally measured at amortized cost. Derivative financial instruments 
included in other liabilities are measured at fair value. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

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NOTE 16 - EFFECTIVE INTEREST RATE, OUTSTANDING BORROWINGS 
As of 31 December 2021, USD 45m had been drawn on the USD 45m Working Capital Term 
Facility and USD 38.0m is undrawn on the BoComm Facility.  

Please refer to Note 2 for further information on the Company’s liquidity and capital resources 
and Notes 21 and 22 for further information on interest rate swaps and financial risks. 

USDm 

BORROWINGS 

DSF Facility 1 (USD) 

TFA Facility 1 (USD) 

DSF Facility 2 (USD) 

DSF Facility 3 (USD) 

TFA Facility 2 (USD) 

ING (USD) 

ABN AMRO (USD) 

DSF Facility 4 (USD) 

CEXIM (USD) 

Term Facility 

DSF Facility 

HCOB Facility 

HCOB Facility 2 

KFW Facility 

BoComm 1 (USD)⁴

BoComm 2 (USD)⁴

⁾

BoComm scrubber (USD)⁴

⁾

BoComm 3 (USD)⁴

CDBL⁴

⁾

⁾

Springliner (USD)⁴

⁾
Eifuku (USD)⁴

⁾

Showa (USD)⁴
⁾

Sale and leaseback transaction prepayment 

⁾

Weighted average effective interest rate 

Carrying value 

Hereof non-current ³

Hereof current ³

⁾

Fixed/ 

floating  Maturity 

2021 
Effective 
interest¹

Carrying 
value²

  Maturity 

2020 
Effective 
interest¹

Carrying 
value²

  Maturity 

2019 
Effective 
interest¹

Carrying 
value²

Floating 

Floating 

Floating 

Floating 

Floating 

Floating 

Floating 

Floating  

Floating 

Floating  

Floating  

Floating  

Floating  

Floating  

Floating 

Floating 

Floating 

Floating 

Fixed 

Fixed 

Floating 

Floating 

N/A 

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 2030  

 2026  

 2027  

 2025  

 2026  

 2032  

 2025  

 2031  

 2024  

 2029  

 2029  

 2026  

 2026  

 2024  

 2022  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 2030  

 2026  

 2027  

 2025  

 2025  

 2032  

 2025  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 2026  

 2026  

 2024  

- 

⁾
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4.0% 

3.8% 

3.6% 

5.1% 

4.5% 

4.1% 

4.9% 

4.9% 

5.0% 

4.9% 

5.8% 

4.8% 

4.3% 

4.1% 

⁾
 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

44.9  

279.4  

 221.9  

85.3  

25.4  

40.9  

 51.7  

37.8  

7.5  

99.5  

 150.8  

33.4  

22.4  

20.9  

 -  

 21.0  

4.4% 

1,142.8  

933.6  

209.2  

⁾
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3.2% 

3.0% 

2.9% 

4.3% 

3.9% 

3.3% 

4.1% 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4.8% 

3.9% 

3.3% 

- 

3.4% 

⁾
 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

96.4  

 299.1  

 150.3  

 81.2  

33.3  

44.0  

57.8  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

36.0  

 24.1  

23.0  

- 

845.2  

742.6  

 102.6  

 2021  

 2021  

 2021  

 2022  

 2022  

 2024  

 2024  

 2026  

 2030  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

⁾
4.7% 

5.1% 

4.7% 

4.7% 

5.1% 

4.1% 

4.2% 

4.4% 

4.4% 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

⁾

50.0  

237.3  

48.2  

 21.8  

75.2  

35.5  

  21.1  

86.5  

 104.0  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 2025  

5.5% 

63.9  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 2026  

 2026  

 2024  

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

5.5% 

5.3% 

5.1% 

- 

4.9% 

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

60.3  

25.7  

25.2  

- 

854.7  

756.0  

98.7  

⁾

¹
²

 Effective interest rate includes deferred and amortized bank fees. 
 Because of the floating interest rate, the carrying value of the Group's borrowings is approximately equal to the fair value. The carrying value is excluding capitalized bank fees of USD 13.0m (2020: USD 10.9m, 2019: USD 8.0m) recognized in 
⁾
the balance sheet as well as lease liabilities of USD 5.6m (2020: USD 8.3m, 2019: USD 6.8m) regarding right-of-use assets recognized under Land and buildings and Other plant and equipment. 
⁾
 Split between current and non-current is based on terms in effect on 31 December, without consideration to the refinancing taking place in 2020. 
 Lease debt recognised under sale and leaseback arrangement with repurchase options. 
⁾
TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 
⁾

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

³
⁴

141 

 
  
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
NOTE 16 - continued 
The following table summarizes the reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities: 

NOTE 17 – COLLATERAL SECURITY FOR BORROWINGS 

Cash 

Non-cash    

End 

balance 

The total carrying amount for vessels which have been provided as security amounts to USD 
1,928m as of 31 December 2021 (2020: USD 1,711m), including transferred ownership under sale 
and leaseback arrangements, where the vessels are not derecognized and where vessels are 
provided as security for lease debt. 

Other 

as of 31 

Please refer to Note 1 for further information. 

Opening 

balance 

as of 1 

January 

Bor-

Repay-

chan-

December 

2021 

rowings 

ments 

ges 

2021 

842.4  

548.8 

-253.4 

 -2.4  

  1,135.4  

842.4  

548.8 

-253.4 

 -2.4  

  1,135.4  

NOTE 18 – GUARANTEE COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES 

The guarantee commitments of the Group are less than USD 0.1m (2020: USD 0.1m) and relate 
to guarantee commitments to Danish Shipping Finance. 

The Group is involved in certain other legal proceedings and disputes. It is Management's 
opinion that the outcome of these proceedings and disputes will not have any material impact 
on the Group's financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. 

Cash 

Non-cash    

Opening 

balance 

as of 1 

End 

balance 

Other 

as of 31 

January 

Bor-

Repay-

chan-

December 

2020 

rowings 

ments 

ges 

2020 

855.4  

734.3  

 -746.5  

 -0.8  

 842.4  

855.4  

734.3  

 -746.5  

 -0.8  

 842.4  

USDm 

Borrowings 

Total 

USDm 

Borrowings 

Total 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
Borrowings consist of mortgage debt, bank loans, and lease liabilities. 

Borrowings are initially measured at fair value less transaction costs. Mortgage debt and bank 
loans are subsequently measured at amortized cost. This means that the difference between the 
net proceeds at the time of borrowing and the nominal amount of the loan is recognized in the 
income statement as a financial expense over the term of the loan applying the effective interest 
method. 

When terms of existing financial liabilities are renegotiated, or other changes regarding the 
effective interest rate occur, TORM performs a test to evaluate whether the new terms are 
substantially different from the original terms. If the new terms are substantially different from 
the original terms, TORM accounts for the change as an extinguishment of the original financial 
liability and the recognition of a new financial liability.  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

142 

 
  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 19 – CONTRACTUAL RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS 

TORM has various contractual obligations and commercial commitments to make future payments, including lease obligations, purchase commitments, interest payments, and repayment of 
mortgage debt and bank loans. 

The following table summarizes the Group's contractual obligations as of 31 December 2021. 

USDm 

Borrowings ¹

 ²

Interest payments related to scheduled interest fixing  

⁾

⁾

Estimated variable interest payments ³

Newbuilding instalments ⁴

⁾

Committed scrubber installations 

⁾

Trade payables and other obligations 

Total 

2022 

211.7  

 43.4  

  -0.3  

 39.9  

  8.1  

 62.5  

2023 

  129.9  

 38.6  

  -0.8  

 - 

 0.5  

 - 

2024 

2025 

2026 

Thereafter 

Total 

  139.3  

  134.2  

 33.0  

  -0.7  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 25.4  

-0.1  

 - 

 - 

 - 

181.4  

  17.8  

 0.2  

 - 

 - 

 - 

  351.9  

  1,148.4  

 35.3  

 2.8  

 - 

 - 

 - 

  193.5  

1.1  

 39.9  

 8.6  

 62.5  

 365.3  

  168.2  

171.6  

  159.5  

  199.4  

 390.0  

 1,454.0  

The following table summarizes the Group's contractual obligations as of 31 December 2020. 

USDm 

Borrowings ²

Interest payments related to scheduled interest fixing  

⁾

Estimated variable interest payments ³

Newbuilding instalments ⁴

⁾

Committed scrubber installations 

⁾

Trade payables and other obligations 

Total 

2021 

101.8  

 32.3  

 0.2  

 62.5  

 4.9  

 42.7  

2022 

101.9  

 25.3  

 0.4  

  38.1  

 - 

 - 

2023 

102.1  

21.1  

 0.6  

 - 

 - 

 - 

2024 

114.4  

  17.6  

 0.9  

 - 

 - 

 - 

2025 

Thereafter 

  106.9  

  315.3  

  12.4  

  1.4  

 - 

 - 

 - 

  12.4  

  6.1  

 - 

 - 

 - 

Total 

 842.4  

 121.1  

 9.6  

  100.6  

 4.9  

 42.7  

 244.4  

  165.7  

  123.8  

  132.9  

  120.7  

 333.8  

1,121.3  

¹

²
³
⁴

 The presented amounts to be repaid do not include directly related costs arising from the issuing of the loans of USD 13.0m (2020: USD 10.9m), which are amortized over the term of the loans. Borrowing costs capitalized during the year 
amount to USD 5.8m (2020: USD 7.5m).  
⁾
 The contractual obligations relating to lease liabilities arising from land and buildings and other plant and operating equipment amount to USD 5.9m (2020: USD 8.3m). 
 Variable interest payments are estimated based on the forward rates for each interest period including hedging instruments. 
⁾
 As of 31 December 2021, TORM had one contracted newbuilding to be delivered during 2022 (2020: two). Commitments regarding newbuilding instalments are in excess of the prepayments included in note 6. 
⁾
⁾

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

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NOTE 19 - continued 

TORM has contractual rights to receive future payments as lessor of vessels on time charter and bareboat charter. 

The following table summarizes the Group's contractual rights as of 31 December 2021. 

USDm 

Contractual rights - as lessor: 

Charter hire income for vessels ⁵

Total 

⁾

2022 

2023 

2024 

2025 

2026 

Thereafter 

Total 

  15.8  

  15.8  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 -  

 - 

 -  

 - 

 -  

 - 

  15.8  

  15.8  

The following table summarizes the Group's contractual rights as of 31 December 2020. 

USDm 

Contractual rights - as lessor: 

Charter hire income for vessels ⁵

Total 

⁾

2021 

2022 

2023 

2024 

2025 

Thereafter 

Total 

 29.8  

 29.8  

 2.3  

 2.3  

 - 

 - 

 -  

 - 

 -  

 - 

 -  

 - 

  32.1  

  32.1  

⁵

 Charter hire income for vessels on time charter is recognized under "Revenue". During the year, revenue from time charter amounted to USD 52.5m (2020: 33.8m). The average period until redelivery of the vessels for the period ended 31 
December 2021 0.3 year (2020: 1.0 year). 

⁾

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

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NOTE 20 – DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

NOTE 20 – continued 

Please refer to Note 22 for further information on fair value hierarchies. 

USDm 

Fair value of derivatives: 

Derivative financial instruments regarding freight and bunkers:  

Forward freight agreements - fair value through profit and loss 

Bunker swaps - fair value through profit and loss 

Bunker swaps - hedge accounting 

Derivative financial instruments regarding interest and currency 

exchange rate:  

Forward exchange contracts - hedge accounting 

Interest rate swaps - hedge accounting 

Fair value of derivatives as of 31 December 

2021 

2020 

0.4  

0.2  

 0.1  

-3.2  

3.7  

0.8  

 -1.6  

-2.2  

 -3.1  

2.0  

-23.5  

-20.2  

Derivative financial instruments are presented as below on the balance sheet: 

Hedging of risks with derivative financial instruments are made with a ratio of 1:1. Sources of 
ineffectiveness are mainly derived from differences in timing and credit risk adjustments. Any 
ineffective portions of the cash flow hedges are recognized in the income statement as financial 
items. Value adjustments of the effective part of cash flow hedges are recognized directly in 
comprehensive income. Gains and losses on cash flow hedges are transferred upon realization 
from the equity hedging reserve into the income statement.  

At year-end 2021 and 2020, TORM held the following derivative financial instruments designated 
as hedge accounting: 

Hedge accounting 

Expected maturity 

2021 

value 

Unit 

2022 

2023 

Notional 

After 

2023 

Forward exchange contracts 

(USD/DKK) ¹

Interest rate swaps ²

⁾
Bunker swaps ³

⁾

274.0  

 DKKm  

274.0  

- 

- 

768.7  

 USDm  

 130.9  

 136.9  

500.9  

9,920  

 MT  

9,920  

- 

- 

USDm 

2021 

Offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities: 

Gross amount 

Offsetting amount 

Net amount presented in the statement of financial position 

USDm 

2020 

Offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities: 

Gross amount 

Offsetting amount 

Net amount presented in the statement of financial position 

Financial 

Financial 

assets 

liabilities 

¹
²
²

⁾

 The average hedge of USD/DKK currency was 6.3. 
 The average interest rate was 1.38 plus margin. 
⁾
 The average price of the hedging instruments was USD 642.4. 
⁾
⁾

Hedge accounting 

Expected maturity 

2020 

value 

Unit 

2021 

2022 

Notional 

After 

2022 

Forward exchange contracts 

(USD/DKK) ¹

Interest rate swaps ²

⁾
Bunker swaps ³

⁾

 231.5  

 DKKm  

 231.5  

- 

- 

757.5  

 USDm  

 318.0  

84.0  

355.5  

 19,783  

 MT  

 19,783  

- 

- 

¹
²
²

⁾

 The average hedge of USD/DKK currency was 6.4. 
 The average interest rate was 2.11% plus margin. 
⁾
 The average price of the hedging instruments was USD 326.9. 
⁾
⁾

7.7  

 -10.8  

- 

- 

7.7  

 -10.8  

Financial 

Financial 

assets 

liabilities 

9.9  

-5.4  

4.5  

 -30.1  

5.4  

-24.7  

Derivative financial instruments assets are set off with derivative financial instruments liabilities 
where the counterparty is identical. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

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NOTE 20 - continued 

Interest rate swaps with a fair value of USD 2.2m (net loss) applying the USD LIBOR settings are 
designated as hedge accounting relationships to fix a part of TORM's interest payments during 
the period 2022-2027 with a notional value of USD 768.7m (2020: USD 757.5m, 2019: USD 
597.8m). 

The derivatives are not under central clearing but are settled on a bilateral basis with the 
counterparties. All contracts are settled in a net amount per counterparty, and therefore the net 
value per counterparty is presented in the financial statement. 

Cash collateral of USD 3.7m (2020: USD 43.8m) has been provided as security for the 
agreements relating to derivative financial instruments, which does not meet the offsetting 
criteria in IAS 32, but which can be offset against the net amount of the derivative asset and 
derivative liability in case of default and insolvency or bankruptcy in accordance with associated 
collateral arrangements. 

TORM did not enter into any enforceable netting arrangements. 

Further details on derivative financial instruments are provided in Notes 21 and 22. 

Forward freight agreements (FFAs) of USD 0.4m (net gain) have been recognized in the 
income statement in 2021 (2020: USD 1.9m, 2019: USD 0.4m). FFAs are used to mitigate 
fluctuations in the freight rates of vessels with a duration of 0–24 months. The FFAs are not 
designated for hedge accounting. 

Bunker swap agreements of USD 12.0m (net gain) have been recognized in the income 
statement in 2021 (2020: USD 2.9m, 2019: USD -0.1m). Bunker swaps with a duration similar to 
the period hedged are used to reduce the exposure to fluctuations in bunker prices for fixed 
voyages. Bunker swap agreements are designated as hedge accounting when appropriate. 

Forward exchange contracts with a fair value of USD 1.6m (net loss) are designated as hedge 
accounting relationships to hedge a part of TORM's payments in 2022 regarding administrative 
and operating expenses denominated in DKK with a notional value of DKK 274.0m (2020: DKK 
231.5m, 2019: DKK 222.5m). 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

146 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 20 - continued 

The table below shows realized amounts as well as fair value adjustments regarding derivative financial instruments recognized in the income statements and equity in 2021, 2020 and 2019. 

USDm 

2021 

Forward freight agreements 

Bunker swaps 

Forward exchange contracts 

Interest rate swaps 

Total 

2020 

Forward freight agreements 

Bunker swaps 

Forward exchange contracts 

Interest rate swaps 

Total 

2019 

Forward freight agreements 

Bunker swaps 

Forward exchange contracts 

Interest rate swaps 

Total 

Income statement 

income 

Equity 

Other comprehensive 

Port 

expenses, 

Transfer 

Fair value 

Hedging 

bunkers and 

Financial 

Operating 

Administra-

to income 

adjust-

reserves as of 

Revenue 

commissions 

items 

expenses 

tive expenses 

statement 

ment 

31 December 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

  1.9  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 0.4  

  12.0  

 - 

 - 

  12.4  

 - 

 2.9  

 - 

 - 

  1.9  

 2.9  

 0.4  

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

-0.1  

 - 

 - 

 0.4  

-0.1  

 - 

 - 

 - 

-10.8  

-10.8  

 - 

 - 

 - 

  -5.7  

  -5.7  

 - 

 - 

 - 

  2.1  

  2.1  

 - 

 - 

  0.1  

 - 

  0.1  

 - 

 - 

-0.1  

 - 

-0.1  

 - 

 - 

  -2.0  

 - 

  -2.0  

 - 

 - 

  0.1  

 - 

  0.1  

 - 

 - 

  0.1  

 - 

  0.1  

 - 

 - 

-1.5  

 - 

-1.5  

  - 

  -2.8  

  -0.2  

 11.7  

  8.7  

  - 

1.2  

  - 

  5.7  

  6.9  

  -0.5  

  0.4  

  3.5  

-2.1  

  - 

2.1  

  -3.4  

  9.8  

  8.5  

  - 

-0.1  

  2.4  

 -18.1  

-15.8  

  - 

  0.5  

-2.1  

 -11.8  

1.3  

-13.4  

 - 

  0.1  

-1.6  

-2.1  

  -3.6  

 - 

 0.8  

 2.0  

  -23.5  

  -20.7  

 - 

  -0.3  

  -0.4  

  -11.1  

 -11.8  

The hedging reserves as of 31 December of the derivatives used for cash flow hedge is equal to the entire fair value of the hedge instruments as no ineffectiveness has been 
identified and the reserve includes open hedge instruments, only. 

Please refer to note 21 for further information on commercial and financial risks. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

147 

 
  
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
NOTE 20 - continued 

NOTE 21 – RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH TORM’S ACTIVITIES 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting 
Derivative financial instruments, primarily forward currency exchange contracts, forward freight 
agreements, interest rate hedges and forward contracts regarding bunker purchases are 
entered into to eliminate risks relating to future fluctuations in prices and interest rates, etc. on 
future committed or anticipated transactions. TORM applies hedge accounting under the 
specific rules on cash flow hedges when appropriate as described below for each type of 
derivative. 

Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges and 
deemed to be effective are recognized directly in “Other comprehensive income”. When the 
hedged transaction is recognized in the income statement, the cumulative value adjustment 
recognized in “Other comprehensive income” is transferred to the income statement and 
included in the same line as the hedged transaction. However, when the hedged transaction 
results in the recognition of a fixed asset, the gains and losses previously accumulated in “Other 
comprehensive income” are transferred from “Other comprehensive income” and included in the 
initial measurement of the cost of the fixed asset. Changes in the fair value of a portion of a 
hedge deemed to be ineffective are recognized in the income statement. 

Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments not designated as hedges are 
recognized in the income statement. While effectively reducing cash flow risk in accordance 
with the Company’s risk management policy, certain forward freight agreements and forward 
contracts regarding bunker purchases do not qualify for hedge accounting. Changes in fair 
value of these derivate financial instruments are therefore recognized in the income statement 
under “Financial income” or “Financial expenses” for interest rate swaps with cap features, under 
“Revenue” for forward freight agreements and under “Port expenses, bunkers and commissions” 
for forward bunker contracts. 

TORM’s overall risk tolerance and inherited exposure to risks is divided into four main 
categories: 

•  Long-term strategic risks 
Industry and market-related risks 
• 
•  Operational and compliance risks 
•  Financial risks 

The risks described below under each of the four categories are considered to be among the 
most significant risks for TORM within each category. 

LONG-TERM STRATEGIC RISKS 
Industry-changing risks, such as the substitution of oil for other energy sources and radical 
changes in transportation patterns, are considered to have a relatively high potential impact but 
are long-term risks. Management continues to monitor long-term strategic risks to ensure the 
earliest possible mitigation of potential risks and develop the necessary capabilities to exploit 
opportunities created by the same risks. 

INDUSTRY AND MARKET-RELATED RISKS 
Industry and market-related risk factors relate to changes in the markets and in the political, 
economic, and physical environment which Management cannot control such as freight rates 
and vessel and bunker prices. 

Freight rate fluctuations 
TORM’s income is primarily generated from voyages carried out by its fleet of vessels. As such, 
TORM is exposed to the considerable volatility which characterizes freight rates for such 
voyages. 

It is TORM’s strategy to seek a certain exposure to this risk, as volatility also represents an 
opportunity because earnings have historically been higher in the day-to-day market compared 
to time charters. The fluctuations in freight rates for different routes may vary substantially. 
However, TORM aims to reduce the sensitivity to the volatility of such specific freight rates by 
actively seeking the optimal geographical positioning of the fleet and by optimizing the services 
offered to customers. Please refer to Note 8 for details on impairment testing. 

Tanker freight income is to a certain extent covered against general fluctuations through the use 
of physical contracts such as cargo contracts and time charter agreements with durations of 6-
36 months. In addition, TORM uses derivative financial instruments such as forward freight 
agreements (FFAs) with coverage of typically 0-24 months forward, based on market 
expectations and in accordance with TORM’s risk management policies. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

148 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 21 - continued 

NOTE 21 - continued 

During 2021, 31.5% (2020: 14.4%; 2019: 9.5%) of earning days equal to 27,614 deriving from the 
Company’s tankers were hedged in this way. Physical time charter contracts accounted for 
35.7% (2020: 41.9%; 2019: 59.3%) of overall hedging. In 2021, the Company sold FFAs with a 
notional contract value of USD 44.2m (2020: USD 165.0m; 2019: USD 34.9m) and bought FFAs 
with a notional contract value of USD 110.3m (2020: USD 52.7m; 2019: USD 22.5m). The total 
notional contract volume sold in 2021 was 2,410,000 metric tons (2020: 8,799,000 metric tons; 
2019: 1,585,190 metric tons), and the total notional volume bought was 5,962,000 metric tons 
(2020: 2,714,000 metric tons; 2019: 1,295,000 metric tons). At the end of 2021, the coverage of 
available earning days for 2022 was 9.9% through time charters, current spot voyages, cargo 
contracts and FFAs (2020: 28.1%; 2019: 8.6%). No FFA had maturity beyond 2022. 

FFA trade and other freight-related derivatives are subject to specific policies and guidelines 
approved by the Risk Committee, including trading limits, stop-loss policies, segregation of 
duties and other internal control procedures. 

All things being equal and to the extent the Company’s vessels have not already been chartered 
out at fixed rates, a freight rate change of USD/day 1,000 would lead to the following changes 
in profit before tax based on the expected number of earning days for the coming financial year: 

Bunker price fluctuations 
The cost of fuel oil consumed by the vessels, known in the industry as bunkers, accounted for 
56.4% (2020: 62.3%; 2019: 61.1%) of the total voyage costs in 2021 and is by far the biggest single 
cost related to a voyage. 

TORM is exposed to fluctuations in bunker prices which are not reflected in the freight rates 
achieved by TORM. To reduce this exposure, TORM hedges part of its bunker requirements with 
oil derivatives in its entirety for all risks. 

Bunker trade is subject to specific risk policies and guidelines approved by the Risk Committee 
including trading limits, stop-loss, stop-gain and stop-at-zero policies, segregation of duties and 
other internal control procedures. 

In 2021, 42.1% (2020: 14.6%; 2019: 6.5%) of TORM’s bunker purchase was hedged through bunker 
hedging contracts. At the end of 2021, TORM had covered 4.1% equal to 17,270 metric tons 
(2020: 15.6%; 2019: 2.6%) of its bunker requirements for 2022 using hedging instruments at an 
average price of USD 531. No bunker derivatives had maturity beyond 2022. Total bunker 
exposure is estimated to be approximately 426,261 metric tons.  

Sensitivity to changes in freight rates 

USDm 

Decrease in freight rates of USD/day 1,000: 

Changes in profit/loss before tax for the following year 

Changes in equity for the following year 

2022 

2021 

2020 

All things being equal, a price change of 10% per ton of bunker oil (without subsequent changes 
in freight rates) would lead to the following changes in expenditure based on the expected 
bunker consumption in the spot market: 

-27.2 

-27.2 

  -18.8  

  -18.8  

 -25.4  

 -25.4  

Sensitivity to changes in the bunker price 

USDm 

2022 

2021 

2020 

Sales and purchase price fluctuations 
As an owner of vessels, TORM is exposed to risk associated with changes in the value of the 
vessels, which can vary considerably during their useful lives. As of 31 December 2021, the 
carrying value of the fleet was USD 1,937.8m (2020: USD 1,722.5m; 2019: USD 1,674.8m). Based 
on broker valuations, TORM’s fleet excluding undelivered newbuildings had a market value of 
USD 1,869.5m as of 31 December 2021 (2020: USD 1,475.8m; 2019: USD 1,632.6m). 

Increase in the bunker prices of 10% per ton: 

Changes in profit/loss before tax for the following year 

Changes in equity for the following year 

-22.6 

-22.6 

 -22.0  

  -19.8  

 -22.0  

  -19.8  

OPERATIONAL AND COMPLIANCE RISKS 
Operational risks are risks associated with the ongoing operations of the business and include 
risks such as the safe operation of vessels, the availability of experienced seafarers and staff, 
terrorism, piracy as well as insurance and counterparty risk. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

149 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
      
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
NOTE 21 - continued 

NOTE 21 - continued 

Insurance coverage 
In the course of the fleet’s operation, various casualties, accidents and other incidents may occur 
which may result in financial losses for TORM. For example, national and international rules, 
regulations and conventions could mean that TORM may incur substantial liabilities if a vessel is 
involved in an oil spill or emission of other environmentally hazardous agents. 

Receivables, cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash 
The majority of TORM’s customers are companies operating in the oil industry. It is assessed 
that these companies are, to a great extent, subject to the same risk factors as those identified 
for TORM. 

In order to reduce the exposure to these risks, the fleet is insured against such risks to the 
extent possible. The total insurance program comprises a broad cover of risks in relation to the 
operation of vessels and transportation of cargo, including personal injury, environmental 
damage and pollution, cargo damage, third-party casualty and liability, hull and machinery 
damage, total loss, and war. All TORM’s owned vessels are insured for an amount corresponding 
to their market value plus a margin to cover any fluctuations. Liability risks are covered in line 
with international standards. It is TORM’s policy to cooperate with financially sound international 
insurance companies with a credit rating of BBB or better, presently some 14-16 companies, 
along with two P&I clubs, to diversify risk. The P&I clubs are members of the internationally 
recognized collaboration, International Group of P&I clubs, and TORM’s vessels are each insured 
for the maximum amount available in the P&I system. At the end of 2021, the aggregate insured 
value of hull and machinery and interest for TORM’s owned vessels amounted to USD 2.1bn 
(2020: USD 1.9bn; 2019: USD 1.8bn). 

Counterparty risk 
Counterparty risk is an ever-present challenge demanding close monitoring to manage and 
decide on actions to minimize possible losses. The maximum counterparty risk associated is 
equal to the values recognized in the balance sheet. A consequential effect of the counterparty 
risk is loss of income in future periods, e.g., counterparties not being able to fulfil their 
responsibilities under a time charter, a contract of affreightment or an option. The main risk is 
the difference between the fixed rates under a time charter or a contract of affreightment and 
the market rates prevailing upon default. This characterizes the method for identifying the 
market value of a derivative instruments. 

TORM has a close focus on its risk policies and procedures to ensure that risks managed in the 
day-to-day business are kept at agreed levels and that changes in the risk situation are brought 
to Management’s attention. 

TORM’s counterparty risks are primarily associated with: 
•  Receivables, cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash 
•  Contracts of affreightment with a positive fair value 
•  Derivative financial instruments and commodity instruments with a positive fair value 

In all material aspects, TORM’s customers are domiciled outside the UK and are spread all over 
the world with only a few countries contributing significantly to TORM’s revenue. In 2021, 
Switzerland and Mexico contributed with 23% and 16%, respectively, of TORM’s revenue. In 
2020, Switzerland, the United States and Mexico contributed with 24%, 12%, and 11%, 
respectively, of TORM’s revenue. Revenue is allocated to countries based on the customer’s 
ultimate parent domicile. 

A major part of TORM’s freight revenues stems from a small group of customers. In 2021, one 
customer accounted for 15% of TORM’s freight revenues (2020: one accounted for more than 
10%; 2019: one customer accounted for more than 10%). The concentration of earnings on a few 
customers requires extra attention to credit risk. TORM has a credit policy under which 
continued credit evaluations of new and existing customers take place. For long-standing 
customers, payment of freight normally takes place after a vessel’s cargo has been discharged. 
For new and smaller customers, TORM’s credit risk is limited as freight is usually paid prior to 
the cargo’s discharge, or, alternatively, a suitable bank guarantee is placed in lieu thereof. 

As a consequence of the payment patterns mentioned above, TORM’s receivables primarily 
consist of receivables from voyages in progress at year-end and outstanding demurrage. For 
the past five years, TORM has not experienced any significant losses in respect of charter 
payments or any other freight agreements. With regard to the collection of original demurrage 
claimed, TORM’s average stands at 97% (2020: 96.9%; 2019: 98.7%), which is considered to be 
satisfactory given the differences in interpretation of events. In 2021, demurrage represented 
18% (2020: 17.3%; 2019: 13.1%) of the total freight revenues. Please refer to Note 1 for more details 
on recognition of demurrage claims into revenue. 

Excess liquidity is placed on deposit accounts with major banks with strong and acceptable 
credit ratings or invested in secure papers such as American or Danish government bonds. Cash 
is invested with the aim of getting the highest possible yield while maintaining a low 
counterparty risk and adequate liquidity reserves for possible investment opportunities or to 
withstand a sudden drop in freight rates. 

Derivative financial instruments and commodity instruments 
In 2021, 100% (2020: 100.0%; 2019: 100.0%) of TORM’s forward freight agreements (FFAs) were 
cleared through clearing houses, effectively reducing counterparty credit risk by daily clearing 
of balances. Over-the-counter fuel swaps have restrictively been entered into with major oil 
companies, banks, or highly reputed partners with a satisfactory credit rating. TORM also trades 
FX and interest derivatives. All such derivatives were done with investment grade 
counterparties. 

FINANCIAL RISKS 
Financial risks relate to TORM’s financial position, financing and cash flows generated by the 
business, including foreign exchange risk and interest rate risk. TORM’s liquidity and capital 
resources are described in Note 2. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

150 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 21 - continued 

NOTE 21 - continued 

Foreign exchange risk 
TORM uses USD as its functional currency because the majority of the Company’s transactions 
are denominated in USD. The foreign exchange risk is thereby limited to cash flows not 
denominated in USD. The primary risk relates to transactions denominated in DKK, EUR and 
SGD and relates to administrative and operating expenses. 

The part of TORM’s expenses denominated in currencies other than USD accounts for 
approximately 86% (2020: 80.9%; 2019: 83.2%) for administrative expenses and approximately 
21.3% (2020: 23.8%; 2019: 20.1%) for operating expenses. TORM’s expected administrative and 
operating expenses in DKK and EUR for 2022 are approximately DKK 390m, whereof 70.3% 
(2020: 66.1%; 2019: 63.0%) are hedged through FX forward contracts. All FX forward contracts 
have maturity within 2022, and TORM’s average hedge USD/DKK currency rate is 6.27. FX 
exposure is hedged in its entirety for all risks. 

TORM assumes identical currency risks arising from exposures in DKK and EUR.  

Sensitivity to changes in the USD/DKK and USD/EUR exchange rate 
All things being equal, a change in the USD/DKK and USD/EUR exchange rate of 10% would 
result in a change in profit/loss before tax and equity as follows: 

USDm 

2022 

2021 

2020 

Interest rate risk  
TORM’s interest rate risk generally relates to interest-bearing borrowings. All TORM’s loans for 
financing vessels are denominated in USD. Please refer to Note 16 for additional information on 
borrowings. At the end of 2021, TORM had fixed 84.9% (2020: 67.6%; 2019: 61.6%) of the debt 
with interest rate swaps and fixed rate leasing debt corresponding to an amount of USD 953m. 
USD 772m of this amount is hedged at an interest rate of 1.38% plus margin with interest rate 
swaps with maturity in the period 2022-2027. 

Most of TORM’s debt and interest hedging is based on USD LIBOR which is set to expire by 30 
June 2023. TORM is significantly exposed to the ICE US LIBOR reform as all financing and 
associated interest hedging contracts are denominated in USD. TORM has been in dialog with 
majority lenders and aligned expectations on how the amendment process should be 
implemented. To ensure a smooth transition, TORM will amend legacy financing and hedging 
contracts during 2022 and early 2023. TORM expects compounded SOFR in arrears to become 
the market standard. TORM expects no effect on the hedging relationship as lenders and 
hedging providers are largely the same banks. TORM is confident that all financing and hedging 
contracts are transitioned to SOFR before the final deadline of 30 June 2023. 

As of 31 December 2021, 75.1% of the debt with a nominal value of USD 704m relates to the 
period after 30 June 2023. As of 31 December 2021, 74.9% of the interest hedging with a 
nominal value of USD 578m relates to the period after 30 June 2023.  

Effect of a 10% increase of DKK and EUR: 

Changes in profit/loss before tax for the following year 

Changes in equity for the following year 

-1.8 

-1.8 

 -2.2  

 -2.2  

 -2.0  

 -2.0  

Sensitivity to changes in interest rates 
All things being equal, a change in the interest rate level of 1%-point would result in a change in 
the interest rate expenses as follows: 

USDm 

2022 

2021 

2020 

Effect of a 1%-point increase in interest rates: 

Changes in profit/loss before tax for the following year 

Changes in equity for the following year 

-2.1 

19.9 

 -3.7  

  11.3  

 -3.0  

7.9  

LIQUIDITY RISK  
TORM’s strategy is to ensure continuous access to funding sources by maintaining a robust 
capital structure and a close relationship with several financial partners. As of 31 December 2021, 
TORM’s loan portfolio was spread across eleven different banks.  

As of 31 December 2021, TORM maintains a liquidity reserve of USD 172m in cash and cash 
equivalents, including restricted cash combined with USD 38m in undrawn and committed 
credit facilities. Cash is only placed in banks with a high credit rating. For further information on 
contractual obligations, including a maturity analysis, please refer to Note 19. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

151 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
NOTE 22 – FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

Categories of financial assets and liabilities (USDm): 

2021: 

Financial assets  

Loan receivables 

Freight receivables 

Other receivables 

Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash 

Total 

Financial liabilities  

Borrowings 

Trade payables 

Other liabilities 

Total 

2020: 

Financial assets  

Loan receivables 

Freight receivables 

Other receivables 

Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash 

Total 

Financial liabilities  

Borrowings 

Trade payables 

Other liabilities 

Total 

¹
²
³

 Due to the short maturity, the carrying value is considered to be an appropriate expression of the fair value. 
 See note 16. 
⁾
 Derivative financial instruments are presented within the balance sheet line other receivables and other liabilities. 
⁾
⁾

Financial 

Financial 

instruments 

Observable  

instruments 

measured at 

input 

measured at 

amortized 

Total carrying 

(level 2) 

fair value 

cost 

value 

 - 

 - 

 8.3  

 - 

 8.3  

 - 

 - 

11.2  

11.2  

 - 

 - 

 4.5  

 - 

 4.5  

 - 

 - 

 24.7  

 24.7  

 - 

 - 

 8.3  

 - 

 8.3  

 - 

 - 

11.2  

11.2  

 - 

 - 

 4.5  

 - 

 4.5  

 - 

 - 

 24.7  

 24.7  

 4.6  

 84.0  

  31.7  

171.7  

 292.0  

 4.6  

 84.0  

 40.0  

171.7  

 300.3  

  1,135.3  

  1,135.3  

 35.3  

 32.5  

 35.3  

 43.7  

  1,203.1  

  1,214.3  

 4.6  

 58.6  

 20.4  

  135.6  

  219.2  

 842.4  

  14.4  

  35.1  

 4.6  

 58.6  

 24.9  

  135.6  

 223.7  

 842.4  

  14.4  

 59.8  

  891.9  

  916.6  

⁾

¹

¹
⁾

⁾
¹

⁾

¹

 ²

¹
⁾
¹
⁾

⁾

¹

¹
⁾

⁾
¹

⁾

⁾

¹

 ²

¹
⁾
¹
⁾

⁾

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

152 

 
  
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
NOTE 22 - continued 

FAIR VALUE HIERARCHY FOR FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE IN 
THE BALANCE SHEET 
Below, please find the fair value hierarchy for financial instruments measured at fair value in the 
balance sheet. The financial instruments in question are grouped into levels 1 to 3 based on the 
degree to which the fair value is observable. 
•  Level 2 fair value measurements are those derived from input other than quoted prices 

included within level 1 which are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (as 
prices) or indirectly (derived from prices) 

METHODS AND ASSUMPTIONS IN DETERMING FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 
Derivative part of other receivables and other payables 
The fair value of derivatives in other receivables and other payables is measured using accepted 
valuation methods with input variables such as yield curves, forward curves, spreads, etc. and 
compared to financial counterparties to ensure acceptable valuations. The valuation methods 
discount the future fixed and estimated cash flows and valuation of any option elements.  

NOTE 23 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

TORM’s ultimate controlling party is Oaktree Capital Group, LLC, a limited liability company 
incorporated in the USA. The immediate controlling shareholder is Njord Luxco. 

Shareholders' contribution and dividends paid are disclosed in the consolidated statement of 
changes in equity. Dividends to related parties are paid out on the basis of the related parties’ 
ownership of shares.  

The remuneration of key management personnel, which consists of the Board of Directors and 
the Executive Director, is disclosed in note 3. 

During 2021, TORM did transactions with its joint venture producing scrubbers for the TORM 
fleet amounting to USD 1.4m in total (2020: 11.7m). The joint venture will continue to assist 
TORM in installing scrubbers in 2022. 

NOTE 24 – ASSETS HELD FOR SALE AND NON-CURRENT ASSETS SOLD DURING 
THE YEAR 

During 2021, TORM sold two vessels. One vessel was delivered to the new owners in May 2021, 
and one was held for sale as of 31 December 2021, and expected delivery is during the first half 
of 2022. The sales resulted in an impairment loss on tangible assets of USD 4.6m. The fair value 
of the asset held for sale of USD 13.2m is comprised of sales price less expected transaction 
costs (fair value hierarchy level 2). 

During 2020, TORM sold eight vessels all of which were delivered to the new owners during 
2020. The sales resulted in a profit from sale of vessels of USD 1.1m and impairment losses on 
tangible assets of USD 5.5m. No assets were held for sale as of 31 December 2020. 

During 2019, TORM sold eight vessels, of which seven were delivered to the new owners during 
2019, and one vessel was delivered in Q1 2020 (presented as “assets held for sale” as of 31 
December 2019). The sales resulted in a profit from sale of vessels of USD 1.2m and impairment 
losses on tangible assets of USD 6.0m.  

NOTE 25 – CASH FLOWS 
USDm 

Reversal of other non-cash movements: 

Exchange rate adjustments 

Share-based payments 

2021 

2020 

2019 

-0.7  

  -0.2  

 -0.9  

2.3  

  1.7  

  1.9  

Fair value adjustments on derivative financial instruments 

-0.2  

 - 

 - 

Other adjustments 

Total 

USDm 

Change in bunkers, receivables and payables: 

Change in bunkers 

Change in receivables 

Change in prepayments 

Change in trade payables and other liabilities 

Other changes 

- 

  -0.4  

  -0.1  

 1.4  

1.1  

 0.9  

2021 

2020 

2019 

-26.9  

  12.4  

-40.5  

  12.5  

-3.5  

  1.3  

  5.1  

 -2.5  

 -0.7  

4.9  

  -20.3  

 22.8  

 1.3  

  18.9  

 -0.8  

Adjusted for fair value changes of derivative financial instruments 

 16.2  

  -8.9  

  -12.0  

Total 

-48.5  

  15.9  

11.9  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

153 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
Country 

Investments in subsidiaries ⁵

 - continued: 

United Kingdom    

Entity 

⁾

VesselCo A ApS ¹

VesselCo C ApS ¹

⁾

VesselCo E ApS ¹

⁾

VesselCo F ApS ¹

⁾

Country 

Denmark 

Denmark 

Denmark 

Denmark 

Ownership ⁵

100% 
⁾
100% 

100% 

100% 

¹
²
³

⁴

⁵

⁾

 Entities dissolved in the financial year ended 31 December 2020. 
 Entities dissolved in the financial year ended 31 December 2021. 
⁾
 Entities with different reporting periods: TORM Shipping India have a financial reporting period that runs from 01 
⁾
April to 31 March as required by Indian government's laws and legislations. 
⁾
 For all subsidiaries, ownership and voting rights are the same except for 
TORM SHIPPING (PHILS.), INC where voting rights are 100%. 
⁾
 All subsidiaries are consolidated in full. 

⁾
Interest in legal entities included as joint ventures: 

2021 

Profit and 

Other 

Total 

loss from 

compre-

compre-

continuing 

Entity (USDm) 

Country 

% Control 

operations 

Long Range 2 A/S 

Denmark 

LR2 Management K/S  Denmark 

50% 

50% 

Marine Exhaust 

Technology Ltd. 

Hong Kong 

28% 

  - 

  - 

0.0 

hensive 

income 

hensive 

income 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

0.0 

NOTE 26 – ENTITIES IN THE GROUP 

Entity 

TORM plc 

Investments in subsidiaries ⁵

: 

Entity 

TORM A/S 

DK Vessel HoldCo GP ApS ²

DK Vessel HoldCo K/S ²

⁾

⁾

OCM Singapore Njord Holdings Alice, Pte. Ltd ²
⁾
OCM Singapore Njord Holdings Almena, Pte. Ltd 

⁾

OCM Singapore Njord Holdings Hardrada, Pte. Ltd 

OCM Singapore Njord Holdings St.Michaelis Pte. Ltd 

OCM Singapore Njord Holdings St. Gabriel Pte. Ltd 

OCM Singapore Njord Holdings Agnete, Pte. Ltd 

OCM Singapore Njord Holdings Alexandra, Pte. Ltd ²

OMI Holding Ltd. 

TORM Crewing Service Ltd. 

TORM Shipping India Private Limited ³

TORM Singapore Pte. Ltd. 

⁾

⁾

TORM USA LLC 

VesselCo 1 K/S ¹

VesselCo 3 K/S ¹

VesselCo 5 K/S ¹

VesselCo 6 K/S ¹

⁾

⁾

⁾

VesselCo 6 Pte. Ltd. ²

⁾

VesselCo 7 Pte. Ltd. ¹

VesselCo 8 Pte. Ltd. 

VesselCo 9 Pte. Ltd. 

⁾

⁾

VesselCo 10 Pte. Ltd. 

VesselCo 11 Pte. Ltd. 

VesselCo 12 Pte. Ltd. 

TORM SHIPPING (PHILS.), INC. 

Country 

Denmark 

Denmark 

Denmark 

Singapore 

Singapore 

Singapore 

Singapore 

Singapore 

Singapore 

Singapore 

Mauritius 

Bermuda 

India 

Singapore 

USA 

Denmark 

Denmark 

Denmark 

Denmark 

Singapore 

Singapore 

Singapore 

Singapore 

Singapore 

Singapore 

Singapore 

Philippines 

Ownership ⁴

100% 
⁾
100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

25% 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

154 

 
  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
NOTE 26 - continued 

NOTE 27 - continued 

The table below shows the registered addresses for the companies mentioned above: 

Denmark 

India 

Tuborg Havnevej 18 

2nd Floor 

Philippines 

7th Floor 

Singapore 

6 Battery Road #27-02 

DK-2900 Hellerup 

Leela Business Park 

Salcedo Towers, 169 

Singapore 049909 

Denmark 

Andheri-Kurla Road 

HV dela Costa Street  Singapore 

Andheri (E) 

Salcedo Village, 

Mumbai 400059 

Makati City 

India 

Philippines 1227 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
Provisions are recognized when the Group has a legal or constructive obligation as a result of 
past events, and when it is probable that this will lead to an outflow of resources which can be 
reliably estimated. Provisions are measured at the estimated liability expected to arise, taking 
into account the time value of money. 

NOTE 28 – EARNINGS PER SHARE AND DIVIDEND PER SHARE 

EARNINGS PER SHARE 

2021 

2020 

2019 

United Kingdom 

USA 

Marshall Islands 

Mauritius 

Birchin Court 

Suite 1630 

c/o The Trust 

c/o Temple Corporate 

Net profit/(loss) for the year (USDm) 

-42.1  

 88.1  

 166.0  

20 Birchin Lane 

2500 City West 

Company of  

Services 

Million shares   

London, EC3V 9DU 

Boulevard 

Marshall Islands, Inc. 

Temple Court 2, 

Weighted average number of shares   

United Kingdom 

77042, Houston, Texas  P.O. Box 2095 

Labourdonnais Street 

Weighted average number of treasury shares  

USA 

Reston VA 20195-0095  Port Louis 

USA 

Mauritius 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding  

Dilutive effect of outstanding share options  

  78.6  

  -0.5  

78.1  

  0.3  

74.8  

-0.5  

74.3  

- 

74.3  

-0.3  

74.0  

0.0  

Bermuda 

Gibraltar 

Hong Kong 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding incl. 

c/o Estera Services 

57/63 Line Wall Road  Room A, 7/F 

dilutive effect of share options 

  78.4  

74.3  

74.0  

(Bermuda Limited) 

GX11 1AA 

China Overseas Bldg. 

Canon's Court 

Gibraltar 

139 Hennessy Road 

22 Victoria Street 

PO Box 1624 

Hamilton HM GX 

Bermuda 

NOTE 27 - PROVISIONS 

Wanchai 

Hong Kong 

Since 2020, the Group has been involved in two cargo claims, both relating to one customer 
having issued indemnities to TORM for the safe discharge of cargoes, and not being able to 
honor those indemnity obligations. Both cases involved irregular activities by the customer in 
relation to the handling of the bills of lading. Legal action has been initiated by the Group in the 
UK and in India against the customer and a number of individual owners and management 
representatives. The Group has recognized provisions in the total amount of USD 18.3m relating 
to the two claims. The proceedings are ongoing and therefore the provisions recognized are 
subject to uncertainty related to both timing and amount.  

Basic earnings/(loss) per share (USD) 

  -0.54  

  1.19  

2.24  

Diluted earnings/(loss) per share (USD) 

  -0.54  

  1.19  

2.24  

When calculating diluted earnings per share for 2020, RSUs have been omitted as they are out-
of-the-money and thus not anti-dilutive, but the RSUs may potentially dilute earnings per share 
in the future. Please refer to Note 3 for information on the RSU share options. 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the consolidated net profit/(loss) for the 
year available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares 
outstanding during the period. Treasury shares are not included in the calculation. Purchases of 
treasury shares during the period are weighted based on the remaining period. 

Diluted earnings per share are calculated by adjusting the consolidated profit or loss available to 
common shareholders and the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the 
effects of all potentially dilutive shares. Such potentially dilutive common shares are excluded 
when the effect of including them would be to increase earnings per share or reduce a loss per 
share. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

155 

 
  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
NOTE 28 - continued 

DIVIDEND PER SHARE 

Dividend for the year (USDm) 

Number of shares, end of period (million) 

Dividend per share 

2021 

2020 

2019 

  - 

  - 

- 

63.2  

74.9  

0.85  

7.4  

74.7  

 0.10  

The Board of Directors has decided not to recommend any dividends relating to the second half 
of 2021. 

NOTE 29 – CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, INCLUDING RESTRICTED CASH 

Cash at banks and on hand 

Cash and cash equivalents  

2021 

2020 

2019 

  144.8  

  89.5  

 56.8  

  144.8  

  89.5  

 56.8  

Cash provided as security for initial margin calls and negative 

market values on derivatives etc.¹

 5.9  

  46.1  

 15.7  

Sale-and-leaseback transaction prepayment to be released 

⁾

upon delivery of the vessel²

Restricted cash 

⁾

21.0  

- 

  - 

26.9  

  46.1  

 15.7  

Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash 

  171.7  

 135.6  

 72.5  

¹

²

 The counterparties have an obligation to return any excess cash provided as security to the Group upon settlement 
or early termination of the contracts.  
⁾
 Prepayment released on 6 January, 2022 

⁾

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

156 

 
  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
PARENT COMPANY 2021  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS1 

157 

 
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
COMPANY BALANCE SHEET 

AS OF 31 DECEMBER 

USD '000 

ASSETS 

NON-CURRENT ASSETS 

Tangible fixed assets 

Land and buildings 

Other plant and operating equipment 

Total tangible fixed assets 

Financial assets 

Investments in subsidiaries 

Loan receivables 

Loans to subsidiaries 

Total financial assets 

Total non-current assets 

CURRENT ASSETS 

Loans to subsidiaries 

Other receivables 

Prepayments 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets  

TOTAL ASSETS 

Note 

2021 

2020 

USD '000 

Note 

2021 

2020 

  33  

  3  

  36  

  72  

  7  

  79  

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

EQUITY 

Common shares 

Treasury shares 

Hedging reserves 

Share premium 

Retained profit/(loss) 

Total equity 

5  937,589    1,031,005  

6 

 4,617  

 4,617  

LIABILITIES 

     803,712  

- 

    1,745,918   1,035,622  

   1,745,954    1,035,701  

NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES 

Borrowings 

Total non-current liabilities 

     139,854  

552,939  

6,843  

  374  

  207  

  254  

2,622  

72,409  

     149,693  

625,809  

   1,895,647   1,661,510  

CURRENT LIABILITIES 

Borrowings 

Trade payables 

Payables to subsidiaries 

Other liabilities 

Total current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

812  

  748  

 -4,235  

 -4,235  

 -2,024  

  -21,489  

 69,821  

 12,307  

2  1,077,410   1,038,097  

   1,141,784   1,025,428  

3  463,459  

479,709  

    463,459  

479,709  

3    143,135  

78,337  

  256  

  203  

     135,825  

54,440  

7 

11,188  

23,393  

    290,404  

 156,373  

753,863  

636,082  

Note: The profit/(loss) for the financial year dealt with in the financial statements of the 
Company is USD 36,996k (2020: USD -15,516k). 

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

1,895,647   1,661,510  

The financial statements of TORM plc, company number 09818726, have been approved by the 
Board of Directors and signed on their behalf by: 

Jacob Meldgaard 
Executive Director 
23 March 2022 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

Parent company financial statement 2021 

PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENT 20211 

158 

 
  
 
 
 
 
      
   
      
   
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
   
      
   
   
   
   
   
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY  

USD '000 

EQUITY 

Common 

Treasury 

Hedging 

Share 

Retained 

shares 

shares  

reserves 

premium 

profit 

Total 

Equity as of 1 January 2020 

747  

  -2,887  

-10,902  

 911,552  

  222,543  

1,121,053  

Comprehensive income for the year: 

Net profit/(loss) for the year 

Other comprehensive income/(loss) for the year 

Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year 

Capital increase 

Capital decrease 

Transaction costs capital decrease 

Share-based compensation 

Acquisition treasury shares, cost 

Dividend paid 

Total changes in equity 2020 

Equity as of 31 December 2020 

Comprehensive income/(loss) for the year: 

Net profit/(loss) for the year 

Other comprehensive income/(loss) for the year 

Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year 

Capital increase 

Capital decrease 

Transaction costs capital increase 

Share-based compensation 

Acquisition treasury shares, cost 

Dividend paid 

Total changes in equity 2021 

Equity as of 31 December 2021 

  - 

  - 

  - 

 1  

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

 1  

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

-1,348  

  - 

-1,348  

  - 

-10,587  

-10,587  

  - 

  - 

  - 

 -15,516  

  - 

 -15,516  

 -15,516  

-10,587  

-26,103  

788  

  - 

 -32  

 1,681  

-1,348  

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

787  

  - 

  -900,000  

  900,000  

 -32  

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

 1,681  

  - 

 -70,611  

 -70,611  

  -899,245  

831,070  

  -69,522  

748  

  -4,235  

-21,489  

12,307  

 1,038,097  

 1,025,428  

  - 

  - 

  - 

64  

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

64  

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

19,465  

19,465  

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  - 

  57,799  

  - 

 -285  

  - 

  - 

  - 

  36,996  

  36,996  

  - 

  36,996  

  - 

  - 

  - 

2,317  

  - 

  - 

19,465  

56,461  

  57,863  

  - 

 -285  

2,317  

  - 

  - 

57,514  

2,317  

  59,895  

 812  

  -4,235  

  -2,024  

69,821  

  1,077,410  

1,141,784  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENT 20211 

159 

 
  
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
NOTES TO PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS   

Note 1 – Accounting Policies – Supplementary for the Parent Company 

Note 2 – Profit/Loss and Total Comprehensive Income for the Year 

Note 3 – Borrowings 

Note 4 – Staff Costs 

Note 5 – Financial Assets 

Note 6 – Loan Receivables 

Note 7 – Other Liabilities 

Note 8 – Impairment Testing 

Note 9 – Collateral Security for Mortgage Debt and Bank Loans 

Note 10 – Guarantee Commitments and Contingent Liabilities 

Note 11 – Related Party Transactions 

161 
162 
162 
162 
162 
162 
163 
163 
163 
163 
163 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENT 2021 

160 

 
 
 
   
 
 
NOTE 1 – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – SUPPLEMENTARY FOR THE PARENT 
COMPANY 

NOTE 1 - continued 

BASIS OF PREPARATION 
TORM plc is a public company limited by shares and is incorporated in England and Wales. Its 
registered number is 09818726 and its registered address is Birchin Court, 20 Birchin Lane, 
London, EC3V 9DU. The Company meets the definition of a qualifying entity under Financial 
Reporting Standard 100 (“FRS 100”) issued by the Financial Reporting Council. Therefore, these 
financial statements were prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted 
Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law), including 
Financial Reporting Standard 101 Reduced Disclosure Framework. 

As permitted by FRS 101, the Company has taken advantage of the disclosure exemptions 
available under that standard in relation to accounting standards issued but not yet effective or 
implemented, share-based payment information, financial instruments, capital management, 
presentation of comparative information in respect of certain assets, presentation of a cashflow 
statement and certain related party transactions. 

The following exemptions available under FRS 101 have been applied: 
•  Paragraphs 45(b) and 46 to 52 of IFRS 2, “Shared-based payment” (details of the number 
and weighted-average exercise prices of share options, and how the fair value of goods or 
services received was determined) 
IFRS 7 “Financial Instruments: Disclosures” 

• 
•  Paragraph 91 to 99 of IFRS 13, “Fair value measurement” (disclosure of valuation techniques 

and inputs used for fair value measurement of assets and liabilities) 

•  Paragraph 38 of IAS 1 “Presentation of financial statements” comparative information 

requirements in respect of paragraph 79(a)(iv) of IAS 1 

•  The following paragraphs of IAS 1 “Presentation of financial statements” 

10(d) (statement of cash flows) 
16 (statement of compliance with all IFRS) 

• 
• 
•  38A (requirement for minimum of two primary statements, including cash flow 

statements) 
111 (cash flow statement information) 
134-136 (capital management disclosures) 

• 
• 
IAS 7 “Statement of cash flows” 

• 
•  Paragraph 30 and 31 of IAS 8 “Accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates and 

errors” (requirement for the disclosure of information when an entity has not applied a new 
IFRS that has been issued but is not yet effective) 

•  Paragraph 17 and 18A of IAS 24 “Related Party Disclosures” (Key management personnel 

compensation) 

•  The requirements in IAS 36 “Impairment of Assets” (disclosure of valuation technique and 

assumptions used in determining recoverable amount) 

The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. Further information 
relating to the going concern assumption is provided in Note 1 to the Group consolidated 
financial statements. 

Where required, the equivalent disclosures are given in the Group's consolidated financial 
statements. Key sources of estimation uncertainty disclosure are provided in the accounting 
policies and in relevant notes to the Group consolidated financial statements as applicable.  

Details of the Company's share-based payment schemes are provided in Note 3 to the Group 
consolidated financial statements. 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
In supplement to the accounting policies provided in Note 1 to the Group consolidated financial 
statements, the following accounting policies were applied to the Company’s financial 
statements. 

Investment in subsidiaries and joint ventures 
Investment in subsidiaries, associated companies and joint ventures are recognized and 
measured in the financial statements of the Parent Company at cost less provision for 
impairment and classified as “non-current assets”. Dividends are recognized under “Financial 
income”. 

The carrying amount of investment in subsidiaries and joint ventures is increased to its 
recoverable amount, if there have been changes in the estimates used to determine the 
recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. 

Reversal of impairment losses on investment in subsidiaries and joint ventures is recognized in 
“Financial income”. 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS 
In supplement to the critical accounting estimates and judgements provided in Note 1 to the 
Group consolidated financial statements, the following is considered a significant accounting 
estimate used in the preparation of the Company’s financial statements. 

Carrying amounts of investments in subsidiaries 
The Company evaluates the carrying amounts of subsidiaries to determine if events have 
occurred which would require a modification of their carrying amounts. The valuation of 
subsidiaries is reviewed based on the performed impairment testing of the Group’s cash-
generating unit, excluding the Parent Company’s effect on the value in use of the cash-
generating unit. 

For further information regarding the underlying impairment testing of the vessels in the Group, 
please refer to Note 8 to the Group consolidated financial statements. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENT 2021 

161 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 2 – PROFIT/LOSS AND TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR 

As permitted by section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the statement of comprehensive 
income of the Company is not presented as part of these financial statements. 

NOTE 3 – BORROWINGS 

As of 31 December 2021, the Company had borrowed USD 611.9m (2020: USD 563.8m, 2019: 
USD 240.1m). The loan proceeds were USD 5.3m lower (2020: USD 5.9m, 2019: USD 3.0m) due 
to borrowing fees. The fees are amortized over the loan periods. In 2021, the Company had 
interest expenses of USD 16.6m (2020: USD 16.5m, 2019: USD 9.4m) regarding these loan 
facilities. 

As of 31 December 2021, the Company had finance lease liabilities of nil (2020: USD 0.1m, 2019: 
USD 21.9m). In 2021, the Company had interest expenses of USD nil (2020: USD 1.1m, 2019: USD 
2.0m) regarding financial leases. 

NOTE 5 – FINANCIAL ASSETS 
USD'000 

Investments in subsidiaries 

Cost: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Capital decreases in subsidiaries 

Capital increases related to share-based payments 

2021 

2020 

1,173,105   1,205,059  

 -95,733  

 -33,635  

 2,317  

  1,681  

Balance as of 31 December 

1,079,689  

1,173,105  

Impairment: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Impairment (reversal)/losses for the year 

Balance as of 31 December 

Carrying amount as of 31 December 

NOTE 4 – STAFF COSTS 

USD'000 

Total staff costs 

2021 

2020 

NOTE 6 – LOAN RECEIVABLES 

Staff costs included in administrative expenses 

Total staff costs 

1,332  

1,332  

1,348  

1,348  

USD '000 

Loan receivables 

Average number of permanent employees 

 1  

 1  

Employee information 
The average number of employees is calculated as a full-time equivalent (FTE). 

Cost: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Additions during the year 

Balance as of 31 December 

Expected credit loss: 

Balance as of 1 January 

Additions during the year 

Balance as of 31 December 

  142,100  

 143,500  

- 

  -1,400  

  142,100  

  142,100  

937,589    1,031,005  

2021 

2020 

  4,711  

  4,711  

- 

- 

  4,711  

  4,711  

  94  

- 

  94  

  94  

- 

  94  

Carrying amount as of 31 December 

 4,617  

 4,617  

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENT 2021 

162 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
NOTE 7 – OTHER LIABILITIES 

NOTE 11 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

USD '000 

Derivative financial instruments 

Other 

Balance as of 31 December 

NOTE 8 – IMPAIRMENT TESTING 

2021 

2020 

9,037  

 21,489  

  2,151  

 1,904  

11,188  

23,393  

TORM’s ultimate controlling party is Oaktree Capital Group, LLC, a limited liability company 
incorporated in the USA. The immediate controlling shareholder is OCM Njord Holdings S.à.r.l. 
(Njord Luxco). 

The Company has received dividends from subsidiaries amounting to USD 44.3m (2020: USD 
0.1m, 2019: USD 7.6m). 

The Company has income in the form of interests from its subsidiaries of USD 12.7m (2020: USD 
16.2m, 2019: USD 8.8m), relating to loans to subsidiaries. 

As of 31 December 2021, Management performed an impairment test of investments in 
subsidiaries. The subsidiaries of TORM plc are the formal owners of the TORM vessels and 
operate in the product tanker market. 

The Company has income in the form of bareboat hire from its subsidiary TORM A/S of USD 
32.1m (2020: USD 70.3m, 2019: USD 53.0m). 

The Company has paid bareboat hire to its subsidiaries in the amount of USD 31.7m (2020: USD 
66.2m, 2019: USD 47.2m). 

There have been no or limited transactions with related parties during the financial year other 
than the transactions disclosed above. 

As of 31 December 2021, the recoverable amount of the investments in subsidiaries was based 
on the value in use.  

Based on this test, Management concluded that no reversal of impairment charge was needed 
(2020: a reversal of impairment charge of USD 1.4m). 

The assessment of the value in use of the subsidiaries was based on the present value of the 
expected future cash flows, which is primarily influenced by the cash flows of the vessels owned 
by each subsidiary.  

Please refer to Note 8 to the Group consolidated financial statements for further information in 
respect of the value in use of these vessels. 

NOTE 9 – COLLATERAL SECURITY FOR MORTGAGE DEBT AND BANK LOANS 

The vessels owned by subsidiaries of the Company which have been provided as security for 
TORM’s debt amounted to USD 611,873k as of 31 December 2021 (2020: USD 563,821k). 

NOTE 10 – GUARANTEE COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES 

TORM is guarantor for a loan amounting to USD 86m established in the subsidiaries TORM A/S 
and VesselCo 9 Pte. Ltd. 

As part of sale and leaseback transactions made by a subsidiary, TORM issued a guarantee to 
the third party in relation to future lease payments to be made by the subsidiary, which are 
expected to total approximately USD 386m. 

TORM ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

PARENT COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENT 2021 

163 

 
  
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF TORM PLC 
REPORT ON THE AUDIT OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

OPINION 

In our opinion: 
•

TORM plc’s group financial statements and parent
company financial statements (the “financial
statements”) give a true and fair view of the state of the
group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at 31
December 2021 and of the group’s loss for the year then
ended;
the group financial statements have been properly
prepared in accordance with UK adopted international
accounting standards;
the parent company financial statements have been
properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
the financial statements have been prepared in
accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act
2006.
The group financial statements are also prepared in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International 
Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and IFRS as 
adopted by the EU, as applied to financial periods 
beginning on or after 1 January 2021.

•

•

•

•

We have audited the financial statements of TORM plc (the ‘parent company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘group’) for the year 
ended 31 December 2021 which comprise: 

GROUP 

PARENT COMPANY 

Consolidated balance sheet as at 31 December 2021 

Balance sheet as at 31 December 2021 

Consolidated income statement for the year then ended 

Statement of changes in equity for the year then ended 

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the 

year then ended 

Consolidated statement of changes in equity for the year 

then ended 

Consolidated statement of cash flows for the year then ended  

Related notes 1 to 29 to the financial statements, including a 

summary of significant accounting policies 

The financial reporting framework that has been applied in 
the preparation of the group financial statements is 
applicable law and UK adopted international accounting 
standards.  The group financial statements are also prepared 
in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting 
Standards Board (“IASB”) and IFRS as adopted by the EU, as 
applied to financial periods beginning on or after 1 January 
2021.  The financial reporting framework that has been 
applied in the preparation of the parent company financial 
statements is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting 
Standards, including FRS 101 “Reduced Disclosure 
Framework” (United Kingdom Generally Accepted 
Accounting Practice). 

BASIS FOR OPINION 
We conducted our audit in accordance with International 
Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. 
Our responsibilities under those standards are further 
described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the 
financial statements section of our report. We are 
independent of the group and parent company in accordance 
with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of 

Related notes 1 to 11 to the financial statements including a 
summary of significant accounting policies 

the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical 
Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our 
other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these 
requirements. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is 
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

CONCLUSIONS RELATING TO GOING CONCERN  
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that 
the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in 
the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. Our 
evaluation of the directors’ assessment of the group and 
parent company’s ability to continue to adopt the going 
concern basis of accounting included carrying out the 
following procedures: 

• We confirmed our understanding of management’s going
concern assessment process and also engaged with
management early to ensure key factors were considered
in their assessment, including the evaluation of any
operational and economic impacts of COVID-19 as well as
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on the group;

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

164 

Independent auditor’s report 

 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF TORM PLC  
REPORT ON THE AUDIT OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued 

•  We obtained management’s board approved forecast 

cash flows and covenant calculation covering the period 
of assessment from the date of signing to 31 March 2023. 
As part of this assessment, in addition to the base case 
scenario, the group has modelled a low case and stress 
case scenarios in their cash forecasts and covenant 
calculations in order to incorporate unexpected changes 
to the forecasted liquidity and covenant compliance of 
the group. We considered management’s stress case 
scenario as the management’s reverse stress test; 

•  We assessed the reasonableness of the cashflow forecast 

by analysing management’s historical forecasting 
accuracy; 

•  We evaluated the key assumptions and sensitivities 
identified underpinning the group’s assessment by 
challenging how these compare with external 
benchmarks, historical performance adjusted for inflation, 
the lowest rolling 4-quarter averages since 2000, as well 
as performance in the period post year end;  

•  We have evaluated the key assumptions underpinning the 
group’s base case, low case and stress case scenario by 
challenging the appropriateness of the low case and 
stress case scenarios modelled and how these compared 
with the principal risks and uncertainties of the group; 
•  We have evaluated the reverse stress test (stress case 
scenario) and considered whether the combination of 
factors (notably significantly reduced freight rates and 
vessel values) is a plausible outcome or remote based 
upon the historical performance, external benchmarks, 
and performance and conditions in the period post year 
end; 

•  We tested the clerical accuracy and logical integrity of 
the model used to prepare the group’s going concern 
assessment;  

•  We considered whether the group’s forecasts in the going 
concern assessment were consistent with other forecasts 
used by the group in its accounting estimates, including 
impairment testing of the carrying value of vessels; 
•  Our analysis also considered the mitigating actions such 

as sale of older vessels that management could undertake 
in an extreme downside scenario and whether these were 

achievable and in control of management considering 
timing and quantum; 

•  We also confirmed the continued availability of debt 

facilities through the going concern period, and reviewed 
their underlying terms, including covenants, by 
examination of executed documentation; 

•  We have considered factors, such as freight rates and 

vessel values, in the period immediately after the going 
concern period by comparing them to the external 
benchmarks. 

We considered whether management’s disclosures in the 
financial statements sufficiently and appropriately reflect the 
going concern assessment and outcomes. The group is 
forecast to be profitable and generate positive operating 
cashflows throughout the going concern period in base case 
scenario, low case scenario and stress case scenario (reverse 
stress test) modelled.  Under the stress case scenario, the 
cash covenant will breach with USD 24m liquidity shortfall. 
This scenario is considered as highly unlikely and remote by 
management. Furthermore, in the stress case scenario, 
Management has identified mitigating actions such as sale 
and leaseback or sale of older vessels, which, whilst not fully 
in their control, based on past experience and general market 
activity, are deemed reasonable and achievable.  

We considered management’s assessment over the impact of 
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, including geo-political 
consequences, on the going concern assessment and 
outcomes. Management have observed that the immediate 
impact is that the uncertainty and potential for re-routing of 
trade flows has sent the tanker freight rates in the European 
markets upwards. The financial impact going forward is 
uncertain, but TORM currently expects that the possible 
effects are covered by the performed stress test and 
sensitivity analysis for a period to 31 March 2023. 

Based on the work we have performed, we have not 
identified any material uncertainties relating to events or 
conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast 
significant doubt on the group and parent company’s ability 
to continue as a going concern for a period to 31 March 2023.    

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors 
with respect to going concern are described in the relevant 
sections of this report.  However, because not all future 
events or conditions can be predicted, this statement is not a 
guarantee as to the group’s ability to continue as a going 
concern. 

OVERVIEW OF OUR AUDIT APPROACH 

Audit scope 

We performed an audit of the complete 
financial information of the Group. 

Key audit matter  Carrying value of vessels 

Materiality 

Overall group materiality of $10m which 
represents 4% of group total assets.. 

AN OVERVIEW OF THE SCOPE OF THE PARENT COMPANY 
AND GROUP AUDITS  

Tailoring the scope 
Our assessment of audit risk, our evaluation of materiality and 
our allocation of performance materiality determine our audit 
scope for each company within the group.  Taken together, 
this enables us to form an opinion on the consolidated 
financial statements 

In assessing the risk of material misstatement to the group 
financial statements, we considered that all significant 
elements of the group’s finance and accounting function are 
situated and managed centrally in Copenhagen, Demark, and 
operate under one common internal control environment; and 
all operations of the group are also managed from this 
location together with the UK headquarters. All audit work 
performed for the purposes of the audit was undertaken by 
the group audit team, as an integrated audit engagement 
team, consisting of team members located in Denmark and 
the UK. As an integrated team all audit work was performed 
in a shared electronic workspace. The audit plan was 
developed jointly and both teams were involved in the 
execution of the plan and in the consideration of areas of 
significant judgement and estimation. 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

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INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF TORM PLC  
REPORT ON THE AUDIT OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued 

During the course of the audit, the UK senior members, 
including the Senior Statutory Auditor, supervised the 
members of the audit team who are based in Copenhagen, 
Denmark. Due to travel restrictions and UK government’s 
recommendation to work from home, the audit planning 
procedures performed by UK audit team members were 
performed remotely. We held regular meetings with 
management and the Denmark based audit team via video 
calls to direct and supervise the audit and the UK team 
continued to access client documentation and document our 
work in the shared electronic work file. The UK senior 
members also visited the Copenhagen operations during the 
year end phase of the audit. 

Climate change  
There has been increasing interest from stakeholders as to 
how climate change will impact the group. The group has 
determined that the most significant future impacts from 
climate change on its operations will be from peak oil 
demand, technology of vessels, insufficient access to 
financing and estimated freight rates. These are explained on 
pages 66-68 in the Risk Management section, which form 
part of the “Other information,” rather than the audited 
financial statements. Our procedures on these disclosures 
therefore consisted solely of considering whether they are 
materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our 
knowledge obtained in the course of the audit or otherwise 
appear to be materially misstated.   

As explained in Emerging Risk – Climate within Risk 
Management and Note 8 to the consolidated group financial 
statements, governmental and societal responses to climate 
change risks are still developing, and are interdependent 
upon each other, and consequently financial statements 
cannot capture all possible future outcomes as these are not 
yet known.   The degree of certainty of these changes may 
also mean that they cannot be taken into account when 
determining asset and liability valuations and the timing of 
future cash flows under the requirements of UK adopted 
international accounting standards and IFRS issued IASB as 
adopted by the EU as applied to financial periods beginning 
on or after 1 January 2021.   

Our audit effort in considering climate change was focused 
on ensuring that the effects of material climate risks disclosed 
on pages 66-68 have been appropriately reflected in  the 
carrying value of vessels and associated disclosures where 
values are determined through modelling future cash flows, 
being estimated freight rates, capitalised expenditures and 
external loan interest.  Details of our procedures and findings 
on carrying value of vessels are included in our key audit 
matters below.  We also challenged the Directors’ 
considerations of climate change in their assessment of going 
concern and viability and associated disclosures.  

Whilst the group have stated its commitment to the 
aspirations of the Paris Agreement to achieve net zero 
emissions by 2050 and have set the goal to accelerate the 
climate target at a 40% CO2  reduction by 2025 compared to 
2008 using IMO’s defined methodology and 45% CO2 
reduction by 2030, the group is currently unable to 
determine the full future economic impact on their business 
model, operational plans and customers to achieve this and 
therefore as set out above the potential impacts are not fully 
incorporated in these financial statements.    

Key audit matters  
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional 
judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the 
financial statements of the current period and include the 
most significant assessed risks of material misstatement 
(whether or not due to fraud) that we identified. These 
matters included those which had the greatest effect on the 
overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; 
and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These 
matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the 
financial statements as a whole, and in our opinion thereon, 
and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

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INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF TORM PLC 
REPORT ON THE AUDIT OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued 

Risk 

  Our response to the risk 

Carrying value of the group’s vessels carried as at 
31 December 2021 totalled $2,302m (2020: 
$1,774m).  

  We performed a walkthrough of the group’s impairment process to gain an understanding of 

the process and assessed the design effectiveness of the controls. 

Refer to the Audit Committee Report (page 79); 
Accounting policies (page 125,131 and 132); and Note 
8 of the Consolidated Financial Statements (page 
135) 

The carrying values of vessels are reviewed 
quarterly by management for indicators of 
impairment. If impairment indicators exist, an 
impairment test is carried out where the future 
discounted net cash flow deriving from the cash 
generating units (CGUs) must be estimated. These 
estimates are based on a number of assumptions 
principally future freight rates and weighted average 
cost of capital (WACC).  

As of 31 December 2021, Management tested the 
carrying amount of its fleet for impairment within 3 
CGUs, being the Main Fleet (LR2/LR1 and MR 
vessels) and the 2 Handysize vessels. 

There is a risk that CGUs are not correctly classified 
and that the testing is not performed at the 
appropriate level, which may mask impairments that 
would otherwise arise. 

Auditing the group's impairment assessment is 
complex due to significant judgements involved in 
the high estimation uncertainty in forecasting the 
undiscounted cashflows of the CGUs. These 
significant assumptions are forward looking and 
subject to future economic and market conditions. 

We challenged management’s CGU determination by evaluating their analysis in respect of 
the smallest group of assets that generate largely independent cash inflows. This considered 
management’s view of the homogenous nature and joint operation of the LR1, LR2 and MR 
vessels, including the 2021 acquired chemical trading capability MR vessels operated as all the 
other product tanker vessels, thereby forming a single CGU (the Main Fleet) and that the two 
Handysize vessels were each the lowest level at which independent cash flows are identified. 

We inspected evidence to support the explanations and rationale supporting the joint 
operation of the LR1, LR2 and MR vessels (the Main Fleet).  
We obtained management’s impairment model containing the value in use calculations and 
tested the clerical accuracy of the model. 

We challenged the key assumptions by comparing them with publicly available market 
information, our knowledge of the group and industry and the group’s most recent business 
plan.  

We analysed the assumptions and estimates made by management in their impairment 
assessment for the past three years against the actual outcomes to assess the robustness and 
accuracy of management’s forecasting process. 

We involved our internal valuation specialists to independently assess the appropriateness of 
the discount rate (WACC) applied to the value-in-use calculation. This included assessing 
management’s methodology and preparing our own independent point estimate to check 
management’s rate fell within an acceptable range. 

We reviewed management’s sensitivities on the group’s value-in-use calculation incorporating 
reasonable possible changes in key assumptions including in respect of freight rates, the 
discount rate and operating costs.  We have ensured the fact that reasonable possible 
changes in key assumptions may lead to impairment has been disclosed and have checked 
the impact of reasonably possible changes in key assumptions is correctly calculated and 
disclosed. 

At the conclusion of the above procedures we stood back and considered all evidence 
gathered to reassess and confirm our conclusions remained appropriate. 

We assessed the appropriateness of disclosures provided, including the impact from climate 
changes, in the financial statements in accordance with IAS 36. 

  Key observations communicated  

to the Audit Committee 

  Based on our audit procedures performed, we 
concur with management’s conclusion on 
impairment of vessels at 31 December 2021, 
including: 
•  That the determination of CGUs is highly 

judgemental, but is supported by 
management’s assessment; 

•  No impairment recognised for the main fleet 

due to headroom between the value in use 
and carrying value, however the impairment 
tests are sensitive to reasonably possible 
changes in key assumptions; 

•  No impairment or reversal of impairment 
regarding the handy size vessels. The 
headroom is limited and therefore sensitive 
to changes in assumptions; 

•  The impairment of USD 4.6m recognised in 
2021 relates to vessels classified as held for 
sale prior to disposal;  

•  The determined discount rate is within the 
range determined by our internal valuation 
specialist; 

•  The freight rates assumed and applied have 
been benchmarked to external sources and 
assessed as reasonable; 

•  The historical freight rates applied have 

been tied to historical data; 

•  Other assumptions have been verified to 

supporting documentation. 

We consider the disclosures in the financial 
statements to be sufficient and appropriate and 
in compliance with accounting standards. 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

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INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF TORM PLC 
REPORT ON THE AUDIT OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued 

OUR APPLICATION OF MATERIALITY 
We apply the concept of materiality in planning and 
performing the audit, in evaluating the effect of identified 
misstatements on the audit and in forming our audit opinion.   

50%) of our planning materiality, namely $5m (2020: $5m).  
Our objective in adopting this approach is to confirm that total 
detected and undetected audit differences do not exceed our 
materiality for the financial statements as a whole. 

material misstatement of the other information, we are 
required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Materiality 
The magnitude of an omission or misstatement that, 
individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected 
to influence the economic decisions of the users of the 
financial statements. Materiality provides a basis for 
determining the nature and extent of our audit procedures. 

We determined materiality for the group to be $10million 
(2020: $10 million), which is 4% (2020: 5%) of the group ‘s 
total assets.  We believe that the key users of the group’s 
financial statements are primarily focused on the group’s 
assets, primarily the vessel value. In addition, we also 
considered that total assets be the most stable and consistent 
benchmark in a period of significant freight rate volatility.   

We determined materiality for the Parent Company to be $8.4 
million (2020: $8.5 million), which is 5% (2020: 5%) of total 
assets as the Parent Company principally holds investments in 
subsidiaries and does not trade externally.  

During the course of our audit, we reassessed initial materiality 
and no change has been made to the materiality level 
reflecting the insignificant movement in the carrying value of 
vessels between the time we set initial materiality and 31 
December 2021.  

Performance materiality 
The application of materiality at the individual account or 
balance level.  It is set at an amount to reduce to an 
appropriately low level the probability that the aggregate of 
uncorrected and undetected misstatements exceeds 
materiality. 

On the basis of our risk assessments, together with our 
assessment of the group’s overall control environment, our 
judgement was that performance materiality was 50% (2020: 

Reporting threshold 
An amount below which identified misstatements are 
considered as being clearly trivial. 

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to 
them all uncorrected audit differences in excess of $0.5m 
(2020: $0.5m), which is set at 5% of planning materiality, as 
well as differences below that threshold that, in our view, 
warranted reporting on qualitative grounds. 

We evaluate any uncorrected misstatements against both the 
quantitative measures of materiality discussed above and in 
light of other relevant qualitative considerations in forming our 
opinion. 

• 

OPINIONS ON OTHER MATTERS PRESCRIBED BY THE 
COMPANIES ACT 2006 
In our opinion, the part of the directors’ remuneration report to 
be audited has been properly prepared in accordance with the 
Companies Act 2006. 
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of 
the audit: 
• 

the information given in the strategic report and the 
directors’ report for the financial year for which the 
financial statements are prepared is consistent with the 
financial statements; and  
the strategic report and directors’ report have been 
prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements. 

Other information  
The other information comprises the information included in 
the annual report, other than the financial statements and our 
auditor’s report thereon.  The directors are responsible for the 
other information contained within the annual report.   

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the 
other information and, except to the extent otherwise 
explicitly stated in this report, we do not express any form of 
assurance conclusion thereon.  

Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing 
so, consider whether the other information is materially 
inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge 
obtained in the course of the audit or otherwise appears to be 
materially misstated. If we identify such material 
inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are 
required to determine whether this gives rise toa material 
misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based 
on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group 
and the parent company and its environment obtained in the 
course of the audit, we have not identified material 
misstatements in the strategic report or the directors’ report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters 
in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to 
report to you if, in our opinion: 
•  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the 
parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have 
not been received from branches not visited by us; or 
the parent company financial statements and the part of 
the directors’ remuneration report to be audited are not in 
agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by 
law are not made; or 

• 

• 

•  we have not received all the information and explanations 

we require for our audit 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

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INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF TORM PLC 
REPORT ON THE AUDIT OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued 

Responsibilities of directors 
As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities 
statement set out on page 110, the directors are responsible for 
the preparation of the financial statements and for being 
satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such 
internal control as the directors determine is necessary to 
enable the preparation of financial statements that are free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.  

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are 
responsible for assessing the group and parent company’s 
ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as 
applicable, matters related to going concern and using the 
going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either 
intend to liquidate the group or the parent company or to 
cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.. 

AUDITOR’S RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE AUDIT OF THE 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether the financial statements as a whole are free from 
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to 
issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable 
assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee 
that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will 
always detect a material misstatement when it exists. 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are 
considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they 
could reasonably be expected to influence the economic 
decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial 
statements.   

EXPLANATION AS TO WHAT EXTENT THE AUDIT WAS 
CONSIDERED CAPABLE OF DETECTING IRREGULARITIES, 
INCLUDING FRAUD 
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance 
with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with 
our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect irregularities, 
including fraud.  The risk of not detecting a material 
misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not 
detecting one resulting from error, as fraud may involve 
deliberate concealment by, for example, forgery or intentional 
misrepresentations, or through collusion.  The extent to which 

our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, 
including fraud is detailed below.  However, the primary 
responsibility for the prevention and detection of fraud rests 
with both those charged with governance of the company and 
management.  

• We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory

frameworks that are applicable to the group and
determined that the most significant are UK adopted
international accounting standards, IFRS as issued by the
IASB and adopted by the EU as applied to financial periods
beginning on or after 1 January 2021, FRS 101, the
Companies Act 2006 and Corporate Governance Code,
the Danish and UK tax legislation as well as IMO 2020
Sulphur Regulation.

• We understood how TORM plc is complying with those
frameworks by making inquiries of management and
identifying the policies and procedures regarding
compliance with law and regulations. We also identified
those members of management who have the primary
responsibilities for ensuring compliance with law and
regulations, and for reporting any known instance of non-
compliance to those charged with governance. We
corroborated our enquiries through our review of board
minutes, discussion with the Audit Committee and any
correspondence received from regulatory bodies.
• We assessed the susceptibility of the group’s financial

statements to material misstatement, including how fraud
might occur by meeting with management to understand
where they considered there was susceptibility to fraud,
reviewing the group’s risk register, enquiry with
management and the Audit Committee during the
planning and execution phases of our audit. We also
considered performance targets and their influence on
efforts made by management to manage earnings. Where
this risk was considered to be higher, we performed audit
procedures to address each identified fraud risk. These
procedures included testing manual journals and were
designed to provide reasonable assurance that the
financial statements were free from material misstatements
arising from fraud.

• Based on this understanding we designed our audit

procedures to identify non-compliance with such laws and
regulations. Our procedures involved:
•

inquiries of members of senior management, and when
appropriate, those charged with governance regarding
their knowledge of any non-compliance or potential
non-compliance with laws and regulations that could
affect the financial statements;
review of minutes of meeting of those charged with
governances;
obtaining and reading correspondence from legal and
regulatory bodies;
obtaining electronic confirmations from the group’s
banking provider to verifying the existence of cash
balances and completeness of loan and borrowings;
journal entry testing, with a focus on manual journals
and journals indicating large or unusual transactions
based on our understanding of the business

•

•

•

•

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the 
financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting 
Council’s website at 
https://www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This 
description forms part of our auditor’s report. 

Use of our report  
This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a 
body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the 
Companies Act 2006.  Our audit work has been undertaken so 
that we might state to the company’s members those matters 
we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for 
no other purpose.  To the fullest extent permitted by law, we 
do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than 
the company and the company’s members as a body, for our 
audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.  
Lloyd Brown (Senior statutory auditor) 
for and on behalf of Ernst & Young LLP, Statutory Auditor 
London, 23 March 2022

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

169 

TORM FLEET OVERVIEW  
AS OF 31 DECEMBER 2021 

Vessel type 

Vessel class 

Vessel 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

LR2 

LR2 

LR2 

LR2 

LR2 

LR2 

LR2 

LR2 

LR2 

LR2 

LR2 

LR2 

LR2 

LR2 

LR1 

LR1 

LR1 

LR1 

LR1 

LR1 

LR1 

LR1 

LR1 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

TORM GUDRUN 

TORM HELLERUP 

TORM HELENE 

TORM HERMIA 

TORM HERDIS 

TORM HILDE 

TORM INGEBORG 

TORM KIARA 

TORM KIRSTEN 

TORM KRISTINA 

TORM MAREN 

TORM MARINA 

TORM MATHILDE 

TORM VALBORG 

TORM EMILIE ¹

TORM ESTRID 

⁾

TORM ISMINI 

TORM SARA 

TORM SIGNE 

TORM SOFIA 

TORM VENTURE 

TORM ELISE 

TORM ELIZABETH 

TORM ADVENTURER 

TORM AGNES 

TORM AGNETE 

TORM ALEXANDRA 

TORM ALICE 

TORM ALLEGRO 

DWT 

 99.965  

114.000  

114.000  

114.000  

114.000  

114.000  

 99.999  

114.445  

114.445  

114.323  

  109.672  

  109.672  

  109.672  

 99.999  

 74.999  

 74.999  

 74.999  

  72.718  

  72.718  

 72.660  

 73.700  

 75.000  

 75.000  

 46.042  

 49.999  

 49.999  

 49.999  

 49.999  

  46.184  

Built 

2000 

2018 

2021 

2018 

2018 

2018 

2003 

2015 

2015 

2015 

2008 

2007 

2008 

2003 

2004 

2004 

2004 

2003 

2005 

2005 

2007 

2019 

2019 

2008 

2011 

2010 

2010 

2010 

2009 

Ownership 

Carrying value (USDm) 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

10 

46 

51 

44 

45 

47 

15²

40 
⁾
40 

40 

32²

31²

29²

15²

13²

15²

17²

14²

19²

20²

⁾

⁾

⁾

⁾

⁾

⁾

⁾

⁾

⁾

20²

⁾
38 
⁾
38 

14 

21²

23²

23²

⁾

⁾

20²

⁾
19 
⁾

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

170 

 
  
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
TORM FLEET OVERVIEW 
AS OF 31 DECEMBER 2021 - continued 

Vessel type 

Vessel class 

Vessel 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

TORM ALMENA 

TORM AMALIE 

TORM AMORINA 

TORM ANABEL 

TORM ARAWA 

TORM ASLAUG 

TORM ASTRID 

TORM ATLANTIC 

TORM AUSTRALIA 

TORM CAVATINA 

TORM CORRIDO 

TORM DISCOVERER 

TORM ERIC 

TORM FREYA 

TORM HARDRADA 

TORM HELVIG 

TORM HORIZON 

TORM INDIA 

TORM KANSAS 

TORM LAURA 

TORM LEADER 

TORM LENE 

TORM LILLY 

TORM LOKE 

TORM LOTTE 

TORM LOUISE 

DWT 

 49.999  

 49.999  

  46.184  

 49.999  

 49.999  

 49.999  

 49.999  

 49.999  

  51.737  

 46.200  

  46.156  

  45.012  

  51.266  

 45.990  

 45.983  

  46.187  

 46.955  

 49.999  

 46.955  

 49.999  

 46.070  

 49.999  

 49.999  

  51.372  

 49.999  

 49.999  

Built 

2010 

2011 

2012 

2012 

2012 

2010 

2012 

2010 

2019 

2010 

2019 

2008 

2006 

2003 

2007 

2005 

2004 

2010 

2006 

2008 

2009 

2008 

2009 

2007 

2009 

2009 

Ownership 

Carrying value (USDm) 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

21²

21²

⁾
19 
⁾

24²

24²

20²

25²

22²

⁾

⁾

⁾

⁾

22²

⁾
18 
⁾

22²

16 
⁾

13²

10²

⁾
11 
⁾

16²

10²

19²

16²

⁾

⁾

⁾

19²

⁾
17 
⁾

18²

21²

18²

20²

21²

⁾

⁾

⁾

⁾

⁾

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

171 

 
  
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
TORM FLEET OVERVIEW 
AS OF 31 DECEMBER 2021 – continued 

Vessel type 

Vessel class 

Vessel 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

Tanker 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

MR 

TORM PHILIPPINES 

TORM PLATTE 

TORM RAGNHILD 

TORM REPUBLICAN 

TORM RESILIENCE 

TORM SINGAPORE 

TORM SOLUTION 

TORM SOVEREIGN 

TORM SPLENDID 

TORM STELLAR 

TORM STRENGTH 

TORM STRONG 

TORM SUBLIME 

TORM SUCCESS 

TORM SUPREME 

TORM THAMES 

TORM THOR 

TORM THUNDER 

TORM THYRA 

TORM TIMOTHY 

TORM TITAN 

TORM TORINO 

TORM TROILUS 

TORM VOYAGER 

Handysize 

TORM GYDA 

Handysize 

TORM TEVERE 

¹
²

 Indicates that the vessels are assets held-for-sale. 
 Indicates vessels for which TORM believes that, as of 31 December 2021, the basic charter-free market value is lower than the vessel's carrying amount. 
⁾
⁾

DWT 

 49.999  

 46.959  

  46.187  

 46.955  

 49.999  

  51.737  

 49.999  

 49.999  

 49.999  

 49.999  

 49.999  

 49.999  

 49.999  

 49.999  

 49.999  

 47.036  

 49.842  

 49.842  

 45.950  

 49.842  

 49.842  

 49.842  

 49.842  

  45.916  

 36.207  

 37.383  

Built 

2010 

2006 

2005 

2006 

2005 

2011 

2019 

2017 

2020 

2020 

2019 

2019 

2019 

2019 

2019 

2005 

2015 

2015 

2003 

2015 

2016 

2016 

2016 

2008 

2009 

2005 

Ownership 

Carrying value (USDm) 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

18²

15²

16²

16²

14²

⁾

⁾

⁾

⁾

22²

⁾
31 
⁾
27 

31 

31 

31 

31 

31 

31 

28 

16²

29²

30²

10²

⁾

⁾

⁾

29²

⁾
30 
⁾
30 

30 

15 

14²

10²

⁾

⁾

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

172 

 
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
GLOSSARY  

Available earning days: A measure of unfixed operating days 
available for generating earnings. 
B/B: Bareboat: A form of charter arrangement, where the 
charterer is responsible for all costs and risks in connection 
with the operation of the vessel. 

Backwardation: A situation in which the spot price of a 
commodity is higher than the forward price. The opposite is 
known as contango. 

Bunker hedge: A forward agreement used to reduce a 
company’s exposure to fluctuating bunker costs.  

Bunkers: Fuel with which to run a vessel’s engines. 

CAPEX: Capital expenditure. 

Charter-in and leaseback days: A measure of operating days 
available for generating earnings from vessels that are not 
owned by the Company. 

Charter party: A lease or freight agreement between a 
shipowner and a charterer for a longer period of time or for a 
single voyage. 

Classification society: Independent organization, which 
ensures through verification of design, construction, building 
process and operation of vessels that the vessels at all times 
meet a long list of requirements to seaworthiness, etc. If the 
vessels do not meet these requirements, insuring and 
mortgaging the vessel will typically not be possible. 

Coverage: A measure of Covered days divided by Earning 
days. 

Covered days: A measure of fixed operating days. 

Demurrage: A charge against the charterer of a vessel for 
delaying the vessel beyond the allowed free time. The 
demurrage rate will typically be at a level equal to the earnings 
in USD/day for the voyage. 

DKK: Danish kroner. 

Dwt: Deadweight ton. The cargo carrying capacity of a vessel. 

EBIT/Operating profit/(loss): Earnings Before Interest  
and Tax. 

Earning days: A measure of operating days available for 
generating earnings. 

ESG: Environmental, Social, and Governance. 

LTAF: Lost Time Accident Frequency. Work-related personal 
injuries that result in more than one day off work per million 
hours of work. 

MR: Medium Range. A specific class of product tankers with a 
cargo carrying capacity of 40,000–60,000 dwt. 

MT: Metric ton. 

Oaktree: Oaktree Capital Management, L.P. 

Oil major: One of the world’s largest publicly owned oil and 
gas companies. Examples of oil majors are BP, Chevron, 
ExxonMobil, Shell and Total. 

OPEC: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries.  

Owned days: A measure of operating days available for 
generating earnings from vessels that are owned by the 
Company. 

P&I club: Protection & Indemnity club. 

FFA: Forward freight agreement. A financial derivative 
instrument enabling freight to be hedged forward at a fixed 
price. 

Product tanker: A vessel suitable for carrying clean petroleum 
products such as gasoline, jet fuel and naphtha. 

Handysize: A specific class of product tankers with a cargo 
carrying capacity of 20,000–40,000 dwt. 

Spot market: Market in which vessels are contracted for a 
single voyage for near-term delivery. 

IAS: International Accounting Standards. 

IFRS: International Financial Reporting Standards. 

IMO: International Maritime Organization. 

COA: Contract of Affreightment. A contract that involves a 
number of consecutive cargos at previously agreed freight 
rates. 

KPI: Key Performance Indicator. A measure of performance 
used to define and evaluate how the Company is making 
progress towards its long-term organizational goals. 

Coating: The internal coatings applied to the tanks of a 
product tanker enabling the vessel to load refined oil products. 

Loan-to-value (LTV): A measure of notional debt divided by 
broker values of the encumbered vessels. 

Commercial management: An agreement to manage a vessel’s 
commercial operations for the account and risk of the 
shipowner. 

LR1: Long Range 1. A specific class of product tankers with a 
cargo carrying capacity of 60,000–80,000 dwt. 

LR2: Long Range 2. A specific class of product tankers with a 
cargo carrying capacity of 80,000–110,000 dwt. 

T/C: Time charter: An agreement covering the chartering out 
of a vessel to an end user for a defined period of time, where 
the owner is responsible for crewing the vessel, but the 
charterer must pay port costs and bunkers. 

Technical management: An agreement to manage a vessel’s 
technical operations and crew for the account and risk of the 
shipowner. 

Ton-mile: A unit of freight transportation equivalent to a ton of 
freight moved one mile. 

UN Global Compact: The United Nation’s social charter for 
enterprises, etc. 

Vetting: An audit of the safety and performance status of a 
tanker vessel made by oil majors. 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

GLOSSARY 

173 

Glossary 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GLOSSARY 
KEY FINANCIAL FIGURES 

TCE % 

TCE per day 

  Gross profit % 

EBITDA % 

  Operating profit/(loss) % 

  Return on Equity (RoE) % 

  Return on Invested Capital 

(RoiC) % 

Equity ratio 

Earnings per share, EPS 

  Diluted earnings/(loss) per share, 

EPS (USD) 

= 

= 

= 

= 

= 

= 

= 

= 

= 

= 

TCE  
Revenue 

TCE 
Available earning days 

Gross profit 
Revenue 

EBITDA   
Revenue 

Operating profit/(loss) (EBIT) 
Revenue 

Net profit/(loss) for the year 
Average equity 

Operating profit/(loss) less tax 
Average invested capital 

Equity 
Total assets 

Net profit/(loss) for the year 
Average number of shares 

Net profit/(loss) for the year 
Average number of shares less average number of treasury shares 

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

GLOSSARY 

174 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GLOSSARY 
ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES 

Net profit/(loss) for the year excluding non-recurrent items: Net profit excluding impairment is 
net profit less impairment and reversals of impairment generated from impairment testing 
during the year (Please refer to Note 8). TORM reports net profit excluding impairment because 
we believe it provides additional meaningful information to investors regarding the operational 
performance excluding fluctuations in the valuation of fixed assets. The APM replaces “Net 
profit/(loss) for the year” excluding impairment as it is more relevant and provides more useful 
information. 

USDm 

2021 

2020 

2019 

Time Charter Equivalent (TCE) earnings: TORM defines TCE earnings, a performance measure, 
as revenue after port expenses, bunkers and commissions incl. freight and bunker derivatives. 
The Company reports TCE earnings because we believe it provides additional meaningful 
information to investors in relation to revenue, the most directly comparable IFRS measure. TCE 
earnings is a standard shipping industry performance measure used primarily to compare 
period-to-period changes in a shipping company’s performance irrespective of changes in the 
mix of charter types (i.e., spot charters, time charters and bareboat charters) under which the 
vessels may be employed between the periods. Below is presented a reconciliation from 
revenue to TCE earnings: 

Reconciliation to net profit/(loss) for the year 

Net profit/(loss) for the year 

Profit from sale of vessels 

Impairment losses and reversals on tangible assets 

Expense of capitalized bank fees at refinancing 

Termination of finance leases 

Provisions 

 -42.1  

- 

4.6  

  1.1  

- 

- 

 88.1  

  -1.1  

 166.0  

 -1.2  

USDm 

Reconciliation to revenue 

11.1  

  -114.0  

Revenue 

2021 

2020 

2019 

 619.5  

747.4  

692.6  

2.8  

2.7  

 18.5  

- 

- 

- 

Port expenses, bunkers and commissions 

-240.9  

-227.9  

-267.7  

TCE earnings 

378.6  

 519.5  

424.9  

Net profit/(loss) for the year ex.non-recurrent items 

-36.4  

  122.1  

50.8  

Gross profit: TORM defines Gross profit, a performance measure, as revenue less port expenses, 
bunkers and commissions, charter hire and operating expenses. TORM reports Gross profit 
because we believe it provides additional meaningful information to investors, as Gross profit 
measures the net earnings from shipping activities. Gross profit is calculated as follows: 

USDm 

Reconciliation to revenue 

Revenue 

2021 

2020 

2019 

 619.5  

747.4  

692.6  

Port expenses, bunkers and commissions 

-240.9  

-227.9  

-267.7  

Operating expenses 

Gross profit 

 -190.5  

 -178.4  

 -173.0  

  188.1  

  341.1  

 251.9  

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

GLOSSARY 

175 

 
  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
GLOSSARY 
ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES 
– continued 

EBITDA: TORM defines EBITDA as earnings before financial income and expenses, depreciation, 
impairment, amortization, and taxes. The computation of EBITDA refers to financial income and 
expenses which TORM deems to be equivalent to “interest” for purposes of presenting EBITDA. 
Financial expenses consist of interest on borrowings, losses on foreign exchange transactions 
and bank charges. Financial income consists of interest income and gains on foreign exchange 
transactions. 

Return on Invested Capital (RoIC): TORM defines RoIC as earnings before interest and tax 
(EBIT) less tax, divided by the average invested capital for the period. Invested capital is defined 
below. 

RoIC expresses the returns generated on capital invested in TORM. The progression of RoIC is 
used by TORM to measure progress against our longer-term value creation goals outlined to 
investors. RoIC is calculated as follows: 

EBITDA is used as a supplemental financial measure by Management and external users of 
financial statements, such as lenders, to assess TORM's operating performance as well as 
compliance with the financial covenants and restrictions contained in TORM’s financing 
agreements. TORM believes that EBITDA assists Management and investors by increasing 
comparability of TORM’s performance from period to period. This increased comparability is 
achieved by excluding the potentially disparate effects of interest, depreciation, impairment, 
amortization, and taxes. These are items which could be affected by various changing financing 
methods and capital structures, and which may significantly affect profit/(loss) between 
periods. Including EBITDA as a measure benefits investors in selecting between investment 
alternatives. 

USDm 

Operating profit/(loss) (EBIT) 

Tax 

EBIT less Tax 

Invested capital, opening balance 

Invested capital, ending balance 

2021 

2020 

2019 

 1.4  

 138.9  

205.9  

 -1.3  

 -1.4  

-0.8  

 0.1  

 137.5  

 205.1  

1,719.7  

  1,786.0  

  1,469.4  

2,011.3  

1,719.7  

  1,786.0  

Average invested capital for the year 

  1,865.5  

  1,752.7  

  1,627.7  

Return on Invested Capital (RoIC) 

0.0% 

7.8% 

12.6% 

EBITDA excludes some, but not all, items which affect profit/(loss), and these measures may 
vary among other companies and not be directly comparable. The following table reconciles 
EBITDA to net profit/(loss), the most directly comparable IFRS financial measure, for the 
periods presented: 

USDm 

Reconciliation to net profit/(loss) 

Net profit/(loss) for the year 

Tax 

Financial expenses 

Financial income 

Depreciation 

2021 

2020 

2019 

 -42.1  

 88.1  

 166.0  

 1.3  

42.4  

-0.2  

 1.4  

49.9  

-0.5  

0.8  

 41.9  

-2.8  

 130.9  

  121.9  

110.1  

Impairment (reversal)/losses on tangible assets 

4.6  

11.1  

  -114.0  

EBITDA 

 136.9  

 271.9  

202.0  

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

GLOSSARY 

176 

 
  
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
GLOSSARY 
ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES 
– continued 

Adjusted Return on Invested Capital (Adjusted RoIC): TORM defines Adjusted RoIC as earnings 
before interest and tax (EBIT) less tax and impairment losses and reversals, divided by the 
average invested capital less average impairment for the period. Invested capital is defined 
below. 

The Adjusted RoIC expresses the returns generated on capital invested in TORM adjusted for 
impacts related to the impairment of the fleet. The progression of RoIC is used by TORM to 
measure progress against our longer-term value creation goals outlined to investors. Adjusted 
RoIC is calculated as follows: 

USDm 

EBIT less Tax 

Profit from sale of vessels 

Impairment losses and reversals on tangible assets 

Provisions 

EBIT less tax and impairment 

Average invested capital¹

Average impairment ²

⁾
Average invested capital less average impairment 

⁾

2021 

2020 

2019 

 0.1  

 137.5  

 205.1  

- 

4.6  

- 

  -1.1  

 -1.2  

11.1  

  -114.0  

 18.5  

- 

4.7  

 166.0  

89.9  

  1,865.5  

  1,752.9  

  1,627.7  

42.3  

 41.5  

98.2  

  1,907.8  

  1,794.2  

  1,725.9  

Adjusted RoIC 

0.2% 

9.3% 

5.2% 

¹
²

 Average invested capital is calculated as the average of the opening and closing balance of invested capital. 
 Average impairment is calculated as the average of the opening and closing balances of impairment charges on 
⁾
vessels and goodwill in the balance sheet. 
⁾

Invested capital: TORM defines invested capital as the sum of intangible assets, tangible fixed 
assets, investments in joint ventures´, deferred tax assets, bunkers, accounts receivables, assets 
held-for-sale (when applicable), non-current tax liability related to held over gains, trade 
payables, current tax liabilities and deferred income. Invested capital measures the net 
investment used to achieve TORM’s operating profit. TORM believes that invested capital is a 
relevant measure that Management uses to measure the overall development of the assets and 
liabilities generating the net profit. Such measure may not be comparable to similarly titled 
measures of other companies. Invested capital is calculated as follows: 

USDm 

2021 

2020 

2019 

Tangible and intangible fixed assets 

  1,960.9  

  1,748.4  

  1,782.2  

Investments in joint ventures 

Deferred tax asset 

Bunkers 

Accounts receivables ¹

Assets held-for-sale 

⁾

Non-current tax liability related to held over gains 

Trade payables ²

Provisions 

⁾

Current tax liabilities 

 1.5  

0.7  

48.8  

 129.6  

 13.2  

-45.2  

-79.0  

 -18.3  

-0.9  

 1.6  

0.3  

22.5  

85.6  

- 

-44.9  

 -74.1  

 -18.3  

 -1.4  

 1.2  

- 

34.8  

99.5  

 9.1  

-44.9  

-94.4  

- 

 -1.5  

Invested capital 
¹
²

2,011.3  
 Accounts receivables include Freight receivables, Other receivables and Prepayments. 
 Trade payables include Trade payables and Other liabilities. 
⁾
⁾

1,719.7  

  1,786.0  

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

GLOSSARY 

177 

 
  
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GLOSSARY 
ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES 
- continued 

Net interest-bearing debt: Net interest-bearing debt is defined as borrowings (current and non-
current) less loans receivables and cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash. Net 
interest-bearing debt depicts the net capital resources, which cause net interest expenditure 
and interest rate risk and which, together with equity, are used to finance TORM’s investments. 
As such, TORM believes that net interest-bearing debt is a relevant measure which Management 
uses to measure the overall development of the use of financing, other than equity. Such 
measure may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Net interest-
bearing debt is calculated as follows: 

Net Asset Value per share (NAV/share): TORM believes that the NAV/share is a relevant 
measure which Management uses to measure the overall development of the assets and 
liabilities per share. Such measure may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other 
companies. NAV/share is calculated using broker values of vessels and excluding charter 
commitments. NAV/share is calculated as follows: 

USDm 

Net Asset Value per share 

2021 

2020 

2019 

2021 

2020 

2019 

1,148.4  

853.3  

863.4  

Total vessel values including newbuildings (broker values) 

  1,926.0  

  1,585.3  

1,801.5  

Committed CAPEX on newbuildings 

-39.9  

 -100.6  

 -51.2  

USDm 

Borrowings 

Loans receivables 

-4.6  

-4.6  

-4.6  

-72.5  

Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash 

  -171.7  

 -135.6  

Net interest-bearing debt 

 972.1  

  713.1  

786.3  

Net Loan-to-value (LTV): TORM defines Loan-to-value (LTV) ratio as vessel values divided by 
net borrowings on the vessels.  

LTV describes the net debt ratio on the vessel and is used by TORM to describe the financial 
situation, the liquidity risk as well as to express the future possibilities to raise new capital by 
new loan facilities. 

USDm 

2021 

2020 

2019 

Vessel values including newbuildings (broker values) 

  1,926.0  

  1,585.3  

1,801.5  

Total (value) 

Borrowings 

  1,926.0  

  1,585.3  

1,801.5  

1,148.4  

853.3  

863.4  

- Hereof debt regarding Land and buildings & Other plant 

and operating equipment 

Committed CAPEX on newbuildings 

Loans receivables 

-5.6  

39.9  

-4.6  

-8.3  

 100.6  

-4.6  

Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash 

  -171.7  

 -135.6  

-6.8  

 51.2  

-4.6  

-72.5  

Total (loan) 

  1,006.4  

805.4  

830.7  

Net Loan-to-value (LTV) ratio 

52.3% 

50.8% 

46.1% 

Land and buildings 

Other plant and operating equipment 

Investments in joint ventures 

Loans receivables 

Deferred tax assets 

Bunkers 

Freight receivables 

Other receivables 

Prepayments 

Cash position 

Borrowings 

Trade payables 

Other liabilities 

Current tax liabilities 

Provisions 

4.8  

6.3  

 1.5  

4.6  

0.7  

48.8  

84.0  

40.0  

5.6  

 7.1  

6.8  

 1.6  

4.6  

0.3  

22.5  

58.6  

24.9  

2.2  

 8.1  

4.3  

 1.2  

4.6  

- 

34.8  

89.8  

6.2  

3.5  

  171.7  

 135.6  

72.5  

 -1,148.4  

-853.3  

-863.4  

 -14.4  

 -47.1  

-35.3  

-43.7  

-0.9  

-59.8  

 -1.4  

 -18.3  

 -18.3  

-47.3  

 -1.5  

- 

Total Net Asset Value (NAV) 

  1,007.5  

 801.7  

1,016.0  

Total number of shares excluding treasury shares (million) 

80.7  

74.4  

74.4  

Total Net Asset Value per share (NAV/share) (USD) 

 12.5  

 10.8  

 13.6  

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

GLOSSARY 

178 

 
  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
GLOSSARY 
ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES 
- continued 

Liquidity: TORM defines liquidity as available cash, comprising cash and cash equivalents, 
including restricted cash, as well as undrawn and committed credit facilities. 

TORM finds the APM important as the liquidity expresses TORM’s financial position, ability to 
meet current liabilities and cash buffer. Further, it expresses TORM’s ability to act and invest 
when possibilities occur. 

USDm 

2021 

2020 

Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash 

  171.7  

 135.6  

2019 

72.5  

Undrawn credit facilities and committed facilities incl. sale 

& leaseback financing transactions 

Liquidity 

38.2  

 132.2  

  173.1  

209.9  

267.8  

245.6  

TORM  ANNUAL REPORT 2021 

GLOSSARY 

179